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International Literacy Day Resources for Your Kids
Literacy is the key to success in education and professional aspirations along with familial and interpersonal relationships. It opens up doors to opportunity, is essential to elevating one’s quality of life, and fosters compassion for others. Recognizing this, UNESCO declared the International Literacy Day in 1967 with a clear mission in mind:
“To remind the public of the importance of literacy as a matter of dignity and human rights, and to advance the literacy agenda towards a more literate and sustainable society.” (UNESCO)
With the International Day of Literacy (September 8) coinciding with the beginning of the new school year, parents may be tempted to lean on educators to provide their kids with tools to get them excited about reading on this special day. They may, especially if they are one of the growing number of schools across Canada participating in the Plant a Seed – Read! program. That said, we encourage you to be more proactive and outfit your kids with reading materials and workbooks that they can also enjoy at home and in the yard. Our Foundation is here to support you too! Below are links to resources that you can use to celebrate the International Day of Literacy with your children.
Plant a Seed & See What Grows Resources Your Household Can Use to Get Your Kids Excited About Reading this International Day of Literacy (and beyond)
Recommended Children’s Books
Plant a Seed & See What Grows
This is the book that started it all, kicking off a number of exciting learning program initiatives for the Foundation and partner schools. Authored by Roland Gahler, this children’s book will teach your child about their magical connection with nature through the simple act of planting and nurturing a seed. You can support our causes by purchasing the book here, or download the PDF for free.
What to Do With What You Grew
Workbooks can be highly effective tools to provide a more immersive reading experience for your kids. Our Foundation has provided educational and entertaining workbooks that will teach them about the process of planting a seed, taking care of it, and watching it grow to nourish your household. We have made them available in English and French for two different primary grade age groups. Access these Seeds of Inspiration workbooks right here.
Fun Activities and Games Too!
Promoting literacy can be all fun and games! By simply reading and following instructions for game-play your kids further develop reading and comprehension skills. Our Foundation has made available enjoyable activities that are inspired by the very same children’s stories that we’ve referenced above. Explore these free games here, along with at-home (and in the yard) activities here in addition to colouring books, puzzles, and printable search & find games.
We hope that you find the above resources for the International Day of Literacy (and beyond) helpful. We also encourage you to share these resources with your extended family, friends, and with any librarians and educators you may know. Help us spread literacy to all children across Canada! | <urn:uuid:453e6771-755e-4928-a929-b4e907021502> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://seewhatgrows.org/international-literacy-day-resources-for-your-kids/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.944576 | 638 | 3.828125 | 4 |
In its July issue, The Economist placed on its front page a picture of a graduate cap turned into a bomb nearing explosion under the heading “Creative destruction: reinventing the university.” Repurposing Joseph Schumpeter’s well-known phrase, the magazine announced this time that university, that venerable institution, would undergo a true revolution because of rising costs, transformations in the labour market, and an important technological shift.
What was most surprising in this article series was the fact that it’s been written so recently. Indeed, The Economist serves up essentially the same discourse about university that we’ve been hearing from the OECD and a number of international agencies for now close to 20 years. Since the mid-1990s, both intellectuals, like Michael Gibbons and Helga Nowotny, and governments, like that of Quebec or the UK, have ceaselessly told us that the labour market had changed and that universities had to take part in a new mode of knowledge production. We're then grafted various hypotheses concerning the Internet’s impact on teaching, successive waves of cuts in the universities’ teaching mission, and investments to encourage market-ready research. In short, the “revolution” that The Economist is waiting for has been taking place for a long time.
In fact, this article series demonstrates one of the revolution’s greatest feats: rewriting history. The Economist refers, on multiple occasions, to the distant past of the university as an institution and then immediately pretends that its mission has always been to train professionals. By failing to mention that the students gathered around Aristotle weren’t there to get a better job or secure better earnings, the British magazine imposes its contemporary vision of the university back onto a history spanning several centuries.
What’s the consequence? It becomes much easier to present the changes proposed as simple evolutions to which we must necessarily adapt. Previously, the elite was educated in classrooms, now we have the Internet. Previously, we received training in our twenties to then work the rest of our lives, now we must continuously reinvest in our human capital. Previously, research was done for the public sector, now it’s the private sector that has the most pressing needs. Let’s adapt!
We need to learn to be creative, i.e. to conform ourselves as best as possible to the external requirements of technology and the economy. The technological shift, which I’ve already written about, demands it. Soon there will no longer be a need for these mediocre professors we encounter in the average provincial university: we can all attend MIT on the Web, according to The Economist. And isn’t that what we’ve always wanted, to get into the universities whose excellence shines so brightly?
Transmitting science and culture? Taking a critical stance on our society? Offering a place to debate and exchange after having handed in work carefully thought through? There’s no need to get rid of all of that since it never existed according to The Economist.
The fruit borne by the revolution
An article which appeared in the latest edition of the American magazine Jacobin looks into the consequences of higher ed transformations in the US ever since the Bayh-Dole Act linked academic research to corporate needs. Wanna know what happened when universities were turned into mercenary research labs for private businesses? The title of Llewllyn Hinkes-Jones’s paper says it all: “Bad Science.” Making way for the logic of profit in the academic realm doesn’t help science, it’s hurting it:
The end result is a greater imperative not just to publish or perish, but to publish groundbreaking, provocative insights into our understanding of the world around us that require further investigation in highly respected journals — or perish. In the words of Stephen Quake, professor of bioengineering at Stanford, it is “funding or famine.” Within that decision matrix, the incentive to falsify findings, cut corners, and cherry-pick data becomes more advantageous. Whatever it takes to get more papers out the door and more grants coming in. It has come to a point that academics are insisting“there is no cost to getting things wrong. The cost is not getting them published.” In a meta-analysis of published research for the Public Library of Science (PLOS), John P. A. Ioannidis placed the blame specifically on the financial underpinnings of research, noting that “the greater the financial and other interests and prejudices in a scientific field, the less likely the research findings are to be true.”
The old academic institution’s methods, which sought to preserve its researchers’ independence by keeping the lure of profit at bay, weren’t all bad. The same article also refers to another study that reveals that the number of articles that have had to be retracted because of fraud have sky-rocketed since 1975. Now that’s wonderful news for innovation.
In the face of all The Economist’s enthusiasm for massive open online courses (MOOCs), which make it possible to listen to the brightest intellectuals via high-tech distance-learning systems, I can’t help but think that they will soon lament the loss of real professors, however old school they might have been. Maybe they’ll realize that to produce longer-term work, such as a Master’s thesis or a PhD, students need something more than a series of conferences. They need sustained guidance to help advance a new idea: discussions to check whether they’re on the right track and suggestions to open up unforeseen avenues.
In short, the revolution taking place in universities is indeed transforming them, but what’s really happening goes beyond The Economist’s narrow-minded view of history.
This article was written by Simon Tremblay-Pepin, a researcher with IRIS—a Montreal-based progressive think tank. | <urn:uuid:d487b5f2-b5ad-4f67-bc93-fdad29b457e6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://monitormag.ca/articles/lets-be-creative-lets-destroy-the-university/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.953095 | 1,234 | 1.859375 | 2 |
- Just like 2020, 2021 was an unusual year, and it forced nations and some of their most powerful enterprises and organisations to come to a screeching halt
- Yet there was, of course, other things that can never be forgotten about 2021, and they include the political events that made the news headlines
- From the passage of the BBI by MCAs to Raila Odinga's presidential bid announcement, it has been a year characterised by political events.
The year 2021 has been a tough year, just like 2020, which was an unusual year, and it forced nations and some of their most powerful enterprises and organisations to come to a screeching halt.
Yet still, there was, of course, other things that can never be forgotten about 2021, and they include the political events that made the news headlines.
Kenyan Newspapers Review For December 24: Looming Showdown In Parliament as Speaker Muturi Reconvenes House
From the Building Bridges Initiative (BBI) passage by members of the county assemblies (MCAs) to former prime minister Raila Odinga's presidential bid announcement, it has been a year characterised by political events.
As the country warms up to the 2022 General Election, TUKO.co.ke lists some of the significant political events that shaped 2021
PAY ATTENTION: Join TUKO.co.ke Telegram channel! Never miss important updates
1. BBI passage by MCA, Senate
2021 began on a higher note with the overwhelming endorsement of the BBI Bill by county assemblies on Tuesday, February 23, which was dubbed as a "Super Tuesday".
The move paved the way for the report to be subjected to a referendum even though it was never to be as the courts threw it out.
Over 40 devolved units had adopted the Constitutional (Amendment) Bill 2020.
Senators also unanimously voted in favour of the report after it was introduced to the House.
Kenyan Newspapers Review For December 23: UDA MPs Scuttle Bill Allowing Raila’s Azimio to Form Coalitions
2. BBI nullification by High Court and Court of Appeal
In August, the promoters of the BBI Bill were forced to go back to the drawing board if they were to continue with the constitutional amendment dream.
This was after a seven-judge Court of Appeal bench on Friday, August 20, found the process unconstitutional and handed the promoters a blow that potentially stopped the sounds and drumbeats of BBI reggae.
The voluminous judgment presented far-reaching political and legal implications and exposed President Uhuru Kenyatta and his role in the amendment of the 2010 Constitution.
The Court of Appeal president Daniel Musinga and judge Patrick Kiage, in their lengthy submissions, agreed with the bench that the president's role is limited to protecting and defending the Constitution.
3. UDA gets first MP
Barely one year after it was unveiled, the United Democratic Alliance (UDA), a party allied to Deputy President William Ruto, got its first elected Member of Parliament.
On Friday, July 16, UDA candidate John Wanjiku was declared the winner in the hotly contested Kiambaa by-election.
Wanjiku floored his close rival Kariri Njama of the ruling Jubilee Party.
In early December, President Uhuru Kenyatta's allies in Mt Kenya expressed concerns over UDA's growing popularity in the vote-rich region.
4. Waiguru ditches Jubilee to join UDA
On Tuesday, October 26, Kirinyaga governor Anne Waiguru officially ditched the ruling Jubilee Party for UDA.
After holding a closed-door meeting at the DP's Karen residence, she joined the hustler nation.
The governor, who had initially been a proponent of Uhuru and handshake, had been dissenting from the president's camp, stating she would join the team that her supporters okay her to.
Waiguru is keen on defending her seat in the next year's vote, the reason for strategising and finding a formidable outfit accepted by Kirinyaga constituents.
5. Uhuru Cabinet reassignment
On Wednesday, September 29, Uhuru reorganised the functioning of his Cabinet following a mini reshuffle.
In a live address by State House spokesperson Kanze Dena, the head of state moved key ministry departments, essentially changing the face of the affected ministries.
Ruto and his allies were the most significant casualties in the head of state's mini cabinet reshuffle.
Monica Juma was moved from the Defence Ministry to the Ministry of Energy and Petroleum, previously held by Charles Keter, who replaced Wamalwa as the new Devolution Cabinet Secretary.
6. Raila Odinga's presidential bid announcement
On Friday, November 10, Raila announced that he would make a fifth stab at the elusive presidency in his bid to succeed Uhuru.
The seasoned politician seeks to occupy the House on top of the Hill to become its fifth occupant after the 2022 General Election slated for August 9.
Addressing Azimio la Umoja national convention at Kasarani Stadium, Raila said he had listened to calls for a change of leadership during other conventions.
At the same time, Raila enumerated 10 key areas which his administration will prioritise once he assumes the office and gets the ball rolling.
7. Ford Kenya division
On Tuesday, December 14, the leadership supremacy in the Ford Kenya party took a new twist after the newly formed Democratic Action Party - Kenya (DAP-K) elected Kanduyi MP Wafula Wamunyinyi (party leader) and his Tongaren counterpart Eseli Simiyu (secretary-general).
The two were elected during the party's first national delegates convention at the Bomas of Kenya.
Wamunyinyi said they decided to move on after their quest to 'reform' Ford Kenya was thwarted by Bungoma senator Moses Wetang'ula and his team.
Already, DAP-K has embarked on a serious grassroots mobilisation and popularisation campaign in the western part of Kenya barely two weeks after its launch.
8. OKA formation
The One Kenya Alliance (OKA), bringing together Wiper leader Kalonzo Musyoka, Amani's Musalia Mudavadi, Gideon Moi of KANU, and Moses Wetang'ula of Ford Kenya, was unveiled early this year.
According to Wetang'ula, their mission is to unite all Kenyans, now that it is "clear that the country is keen on a new transformation agenda that not only unites Kenyans but also creates greater inclusivity."
Knowing that it will need more than the joining forces of the four-party leaders to win power at the election, One Kenya Alliance has been quick to make it clear that it is willing to embrace other like-minded partners, including Raila.
All eyes are on OKA to prove that it is not equally standing on quicksand and would not be swept away by emerging realignments as the 2022 election approaches. | <urn:uuid:52105a78-a973-4166-aad6-a3f124aecf5b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.tuko.co.ke/politics/438442-year-review-bbi-passage-by-mcas-8-other-biggest-political-events-2021/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.969422 | 1,483 | 1.507813 | 2 |
IOS Apps development training
If You are looking for IOS training in ludhiana, Netpixel Technologies can be best choice for you. We cover all the topics from basic to advance level which further ensures the complete knowledge transfer from teacher to student
IOS developer-A brief intro
IOS ( iPhone OS) is a mobile operating system created and developed by Apple Inc. exclusively for its hardware. It is the operating system that presently powers many of the company’s mobile devices, including the iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. It is the second most popular mobile operating system globally after Android. The iOS user interface is based upon direct manipulation, using multi-touch gestures. Interface control elements consist of sliders, switches, and buttons. Interaction with the OS includes gestures such as swipe, tap, pinch, and reverse pinch, all of which have specific definitions within the context of the iOS operating system and its multi-touch interface. | <urn:uuid:34c656c4-2077-40da-a617-087731b097ce> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.netpixeltech.com/ios-training/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.940256 | 193 | 2.609375 | 3 |
FILE PHOTO: People wearing protective face masks commute amid concerns over the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Pyongyang, North Korea March 30, 2020, in this photo released by Kyodo. Picture taken March 30, 2020. Mandatory credit Kyodo/via REUTERS
By Hyonhee Shin and Soo-hyang Choi
SEOUL (Reuters) – North Korea’s coronavirus outbreak threatens to deepen its already dire food situation this year, as a nationwide lockdown would hamper ongoing anti-drought efforts and the mobilisation of labour, analysts said.
The isolated North confirmed on Thursday its first COVID-19 outbreak since the pandemic emerged more than two years ago, declaring the “gravest national emergency” and imposing a national lockdown.
The outbreak came as the country steps up an “all-out fight” against drought, with leader Kim Jong Un warning of a tense food situation due to the pandemic and last year’s typhoons.
State media said last week that factory labourers and even office workers and government officials had been dispatched to help improve farming facilities and secure water resources across the country.
Droughts and flooding have long posed seasonal threats to North Korea, and any major natural hazards could further cripple its reclusive economy.
The pandemic had already slashed trade and international food donations, and in a country heavily reliant on human labour in agriculture and lacking industrial and medical infrastructure, a brewing COVID-19 crisis could further exacerbate food shortages, analysts said.
“In North Korea, economic activity requires a lot of people’s movements, and you can’t expect trade or large aid from China,” said Lim Eul-chul, a professor of North Korean studies at Kyungnam University in South Korea.
“But now farming activity could be scaled back and distribution of fertilisers, raw materials and equipment would become difficult,” he added.
U.N. aid agencies and most other relief groups have pulled out of the country amid extended border shutdowns and say it is difficult to gauge exactly how bad the situation is there.
But Ji Seong-ho, a South Korean lawmaker who defected from the North in 2006 and has campaigned for North Koreans’ human rights, said the virus could spread rapidly due partly to the lack of a working medical system.
“The COVID outbreak could hit the ongoing farming season hard, and food security might become really serious this year and next,” he told a parliamentary session.
International sanctions over the North’s weapons programmes restrict broad swaths of its trade, and the country sealed its border in early 2020 to prevent the virus.
A reopening of border trade early this year raised a glimmer of hope, only to be halted in April because of COVID outbreaks in China, which has recently imposed extremely tight restrictions in major cities like Shanghai. Satellite imagery shows goods sitting for weeks or months in quarantine at land and sea port facilities.
Cheong Seong-chang, director of the Sejong Institute’s North Korea studies centre in South Korea, said the North could impose limited measures – unlike China’s sweeping moves – to ensure some activity continues, referring to Kim’s order to keep the lockdowns to the city and county levels.
“But over time, the lack of interregional movement would hurt supply and production, and North Korea might eventually face a serious food crisis and the kind of great confusion that’s been seen in China recently,” Cheong said.
North Korea’s weather agency has warned of prolonged dry spells this month, and state media again on Thursday reported an “all-out fight against drought” nationwide.
In March, the United Nations urged Pyongyang to reopen its borders to aid workers and food imports, saying its deepening isolation may have left many facing starvation.
The World Food Program estimated that even before the pandemic emerged, 11 million people, or more than 40% of the North’s population, were undernourished and needed assistance. | <urn:uuid:22ebbff6-a8bd-4b80-910e-250905f69e61> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://budrigannews.com/analysis-covid-crisis-could-deepen-n-korea-food-shortages-amid-drought-warnings/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.946731 | 847 | 2.125 | 2 |
This section is from the book "Applied Anatomy: The Construction Of The Human Body", by Gwilym G. Davis. Also available from Amazon: Applied anatomy: The construction of the human body.
The operations which are done on the thyroid gland are ligation of its arterial supply and complete or partial removal. These necessitate a knowledge particularly of its blood supply and structure. The thyroid gland consists of an isthmus and two lateral lobes. The isthmus crosses the second, third, and fourth tracheal rings in the adult. In children it may approach nearer to the cricoid cartilage.
The lateral lobes lie under the sternohyoid and the sternothyroid muscles. They rise as high as the oblique line on the sides of the thyroid cartilages which marks the insertion of the sternothyroid muscles. The lobes descend to the level of the sixth ring of the trachea, which is two rings below the isthmus, about two centimetres above the sternum. The inferior constrictor of the pharynx is beneath the gland. The thyroid gland is covered by the pretracheal fascia and possesses a capsule of its own besides. This fascia envelops the gland and its capsule, and from its posterior surface is prolonged down on the trachea and envelopes the vessels coming to and leaving the gland. Therefore we might say that the inferior thyroid veins are in the pretracheal fascia.
Fig. 184. - Excision of the thyroid gland.
As the fascia leaves the gland at the sides one portion of it blends with and helps to form the sheath of the vessels. The other or deeper portion continues around the pharynx and oesophagus, forming the buccopharyngeal fascia. In freeing the gland and its capsule from the overlying pretracheal fascia care must be taken, as pointed out by James Berry (" Diseases of the Thyroid Gland," p. 269), not to be led by this fascia too far posteriorly and therefore wound, as has been done, the pharynx or trachea.
The veins of the gland are more prominent and dangerous than the arteries. They ramify beneath the capsule and as long as the capsule is not torn the bleeding is slight. The arteries of the thyroid gland are the superior and inferior thyroids and sometimes the thyroidea ima. The superior thyroid comes off the external carotid just above the bifurcation. It rises almost to the greater horn of the hyoid bone and then descends to the thyroid gland, which reaches to the level of the oblique line on the thyroid cartilage; it supplies the upper portion of the gland, particularly the anterior portion, but also sends a branch down the posterior surface. The vessels crossing the median line, contrary to what is often the case in the arteries of the lip and even the scalp, are very small. The superior thyroid is superficial and presents no special difficulty in ligation. The vein runs beneath it on its course to the internal jugular. The inferior thyroid artery, a branch of the thyroid axis, crosses behind the common carotid artery about the level of the seventh cervical vertebra, about on a line with the lower edge of the isthmus. It enters the gland from the side and not from below and ramifies on its posterior surface often as a single large trunk beneath the capsule giving off branches to the parenchyma. Usually it is in front of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, but the middle cervical ganglion of the sympathetic lies on it. Sometimes the artery breaks into branches before it enters the gland. In such cases the recurrent laryngeal nerve may run between these branches and so be injured in removing the gland.
The thyroidea ima artery when present enters the gland from below, coming up on the trachea usually from the innominate, in which case the innominate is apt to come off more to the left side and so bring the common carotid closer to the trachea than usual. It may also spring from the aorta or from the right carotid artery. | <urn:uuid:a8a5c631-bb0c-4754-9e45-57588db0351f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://chestofbooks.com/health/anatomy/Human-Body-Construction/Operations-On-The-Thyroid-Gland.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.913581 | 873 | 3.46875 | 3 |
A U.S.-Italian research group has fabricated a hybrid thermoelectric photovoltaic (HTEPV) system that is able to recover waste heat from its solar cell and use it to generate additional power output.
The device consists of an optimized thermoelectric generator (TEG) placed in thermal contact with the back of a perovskite solar cell with a surface area of 1 cm² by means of a layer of thermal grease. While in thermal contact, the two units are electrically separated.
“The HTEPV should be used once two main requirements regarding the PV part are met,” research co-author, Bruno Lorenzi, told pv magazine. The first is that they use cells with a wide bandgap. The researchers estimate that cells with an energy gap greater than about 1.6 eV are needed, as large gap cells are less sensitive to temperature in terms of their performance. The second requirement is that the system has sufficient input power to raise the temperature enough.
Heat flows naturally through the TEG because its cold side is kept at room temperature, while its hot side, which is in thermal contact with the cell, is at a high temperature. The Seebeck effect, which is the direct conversion of temperature differences between two semiconductor materials into electric voltage, generates this difference which then translates into additional electrical power.
The scientists decided not to use a spectrum splitting technology, which is generally utilized in these applications, to direct different parts of the solar spectrum towards either the PV or the TEG unit. “It is more convenient, in terms of final efficiency gains, to keep the solar cell at the same temperature of the TEG hot side, instead of keeping the cell cold but losing much of the recoverable heat,” the academics explained, noting that a wide-gap solar cell based on perovskite was chosen for the device, due to its lower sensitivity to high temperatures. “Temperature-sensitive materials, such as silicon, lose too much efficiency to make the hybridization convenient,” they further explained.
The TEG is placed into an evacuated tube to minimize the heat exchange with the environment. It is able to extract waste heat from the solar cell and convey it to its cold plate, where it is dissipated by a fluid. Its cold side is attached with thermal grease to the vacuum chamber bottom and its temperature is controlled with a K-type thermocouple. “As the TEG part is placed under a difference of temperature a delta of electrical potential is developed between its hot and cold electrodes due to the Seebeck effect,” Lorenzi further explained. “Thus once the TEG is connected to a load it generates a flowing electrical current.”
The extraction of heat from the solar cell, according to the scientists, can provide efficiency gains ranging from 0.2 to 3.05%. Although the group tested different kinds of wide-gap solar cells for the HTEPV system, it found the perovskite-based devices offer the best performance in terms of power conversion efficiency.
“Evaluating the cost of this technology is not easy, because it depends a lot on the type of system you are considering,” the Italian researchers emphasized. “The thermoelectric material itself has a negligible cost, as very little is needed in volumetric terms per unit of area. What may increase the device's cost, according to him are the heat sink, the vacuum tube, and the concentrator used for its assembly. “If you develop a hybrid starting from a PV technology that works in concentration and with a cooling system, the cost is very low and there are no problems,” he further explained. “The other cases must be carefully evaluated.”
The full description of the thermoelectric-photovoltaic device can be found in the paper Practical development of efficient thermoelectric – Photovoltaic hybrid systems based on wide-gap solar cells, published in Applied Energy. The research group includes scientists from the University of Milano-Bicocca and the University of Rome Tor Vergata in Italy, as well as the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the United States.
This content is protected by copyright and may not be reused. If you want to cooperate with us and would like to reuse some of our content, please contact: firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:181045a2-2e25-4e92-814f-36f42da72cf6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.pv-magazine.com/2021/08/11/recovering-waste-heat-from-solar-cells-via-a-thermoelectric-generator/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.947626 | 918 | 3.25 | 3 |
The Division of Earth Sciences (EAR) awards Postdoctoral Fellowships to highly qualified investigators within 3 years of obtaining their PhD to carry out an integrated program of independent research and education. The research and education plans of each fellowship must address scientific questions within the scope of EAR disciplines. The program supports researchers for a […]
by Postdoctoral Support
NJCSCR Postdoctoral Fellowships are intended to attract and retain talented young scientists who wish to pursue a career in spinal cord regeneration and repair research at an NJ institution. Three-year awards of $50,000/year provide a stipend, a research allowance, and a small travel budget.
The mission of the programs is to promote excellence in scientific and technological research conducted by the U. S. government through the administration of programs offering postdoctoral research opportunities at sponsoring federal laboratories and affiliated institutions.
The Human Frontier Science Program (HFSP) supports innovative basic research into fundamental biological problems with emphasis placed on novel and interdisciplinary approaches that involve scientific exchanges across national and disciplinary boundaries. In the past decade biological research has become increasingly quantitative rather than descriptive. The participation of scientists from disciplines outside the traditional life sciences […]
This program aims to support junior scientists (must have obtained their degree in the last five years) from any country who intend to pursue a career in cancer research and wish to complete their training at the IARC in Lyon, France working in a research group.
The fellowships are for postgraduate and/or post-doctoral researchers from within the 34 SCAR Member Countries (including the US), and will be limited to scientists who received their Ph.D. within five years of application. The Fellowships are intended to allow researchers from one SCAR Member country to undertake short term visits to major international laboratories, field […]
This Postdoctoral Fellowship Program at the Italian Academy focuses on issues relating to cultural identity, cultural transmission, and cultural memory. It aims to forge genuinely new links between the arts, the sciences and the social sciences. The award includes stipend and benefits.
It will be given annually to a recent Ph.D. recipient in order to conduct field research that will allow transformation of the dissertation into a book. Applicants must have completed their Ph.D. degrees in the field of Latin American history no more than four years prior to the closing date of the application.
The PhRMA Foundation Post Doctoral program in Pharmacology/Toxicology provides stipend support for individuals engaged in a multidisciplinary research training program that will create or extend their credentials in pharmacology or toxicology. The award is for $40,000 for two years.
Postdoctoral fellowships are three-year salary awards that may be active up to and including the 8th postgraduate year. Stipend levels are based on years of relevant experience since obtaining the doctoral degree, and range from $40,000 to $54,000. Applicants may apply by no later than their 6th postgraduate year. In addition to the stipend, there […] | <urn:uuid:ba6e7cfe-131d-401a-ba50-d242f8579ad1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gradfund.rutgers.edu/stage/postdoctoral-support/page/10/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.945748 | 617 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Donald Trump's new strategy: Pretend COVID-19 doesn't exist
Opinion: As if the people in the hospital are not sick. As if the people in the morgue are not dead.
President Donald Trump has a new strategy for dealing with the coronavirus pandemic.
As states like Arizona are seeing their largest spikes in COVID-19 cases, ICU admissions and deaths, the president seems to believe that if we pay no attention the virus, if we don’t acknowledge it, then it doesn’t exist.
Imagine that. Denial as public health policy. Essentially he’s saying, if we don’t test for the virus then the virus doesn’t exist.
As if the people in the hospital are not sick.
As if the people in the morgue are not dead.
Would the president’s strategy work for other ailments?
How about all other diseases?
If we didn’t test for cancer would cancer cease to exist?
If we didn’t test for heart disease would heart disease cease to exist?
If we didn’t test for kidney disease or diabetes or asthma or hypertension or anything else would they all cease to exist?
I have heard from a number of individuals who have tried to apply this same strategy to other situations.
For instance, politics.
They’ve told me, for example, that if they don’t watch the news or read the papers or go online they can convince themselves that the last election went the other way and Donald Trump is not president.
How do you think that's working for them?
Reach Montini at firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:61f2fe5f-0232-495d-bdc2-52141e569a47> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.azcentral.com/story/opinion/op-ed/ej-montini/2020/06/15/donald-trumps-new-strategy-pretend-covid-19-doesnt-exist/3195150001/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.925619 | 366 | 1.875 | 2 |
With summer coming up and the heat waves in full force, it is a good idea to get your car air conditioner checked by a professional before you turn it on. Car AC repair in Dubai can be quite expensive, so having a regular maintenance routine will help keep this cost down. In this article, we will give you 7 signs that your car air conditioner needs a repair.
1. Your Car Air Conditioner Pushes Hot Air
A car air conditioning system that pushes hot air creates a huge health risk. This is one of the most common signs that your AC needs repair. If the system is pushing out hot air, you need to look for signs that tells you it’s not working efficiently. If you are getting fatigued from the hot air, this could be a sign that your unit has reached its end of life and needs to be changed during your next car maintenance service in the UAE. A faulty air conditioner will also lead to lower fuel efficiency and also cause damage to your vehicle.
2. You Keep Getting a Malfunctioning Compressor
A malfunctioning compressor is a common problem that car air conditioners have. If your car’s A/C isn’t cooling properly, the HVAC system may be the culprit. The compressor is what cools the refrigerant and sends it through the tube to get cooled. When the compressor is not working, you will find it difficult to cool down your cabin just like an older model and may have to make frequent trips for car repair in Dubai.
3. Unusual Noises Coming from the Air Conditioner
One of the most common problems with car air conditioners is noise. If you notice a whining or rattling sound coming from the vents, it could mean that your unit is in need of a repair. The sound may be coming from the compressor, fan motor, or some other part of the system, which can only be confirmed after inspection during car AC repair in Dubai.
4. The AC Unit is Leaking
One sign that your car air conditioner is in need of a repair is if it is leaking. This usually happens when the seals around the AC have gone bad. Before you can stop your AC from leaking, you’ll need to replace the seals or else risk making the leak worse. Your car’s air conditioner unit can be a complex machine and requires proper attention during your regular car maintenance service in the UAE. If you notice any of these signs, take your vehicle to a professional to get it fixed.
5. Marginal Cooling When Driving at High Speeds
A car’s air conditioner will not be able to properly cool the vehicle if its air flow remains at a constant speed. To adequately cool the car, the air needs to flow through faster when it is going fast, and slower when it is going slow. If the same is faulty, it may be time to make another trip for car repair in Dubai.
6. Strange Odours from the AC Compressor Area
If you notice a strange odour coming from the AC’s compressor area, don’t ignore it. This could be indicative of a refrigerant leak or other more serious problem that needs to be addressed during car AC repair in Dubai. If your air conditioner is making strange smells, or if it’s leaking coolant all over the place, you might have an issue with one of your car’s AC components.
7. Erratic Use of the Auto Recirculate Function
The Auto Recirculate function on your car’s air conditioner will turn off if the system detects that the air is exhausted. This is because recirculating old, hot air can cause the cabin to heat up and having a cold cabin will save you some money on your gas bill. If you notice that you are turning off the Auto Recirculate function frequently, then it is possible that there might be an issue with your air conditioner that needs to get fixed on your next periodic car maintenance service in the UAE.
If you’re experiencing any of the above issues with your car’s air conditioner, it’s a good idea to get it repaired as soon as possible. It is important to understand the signs so you can take the steps needed to fix it before your car breaks down. If your vehicle has been giving you trouble over and over again, it might be time to get your car’s AC fixed. There are several tell-tale signs that indicate your AC unit might need a tune-up. If you notice one or more of these seven indicators, make an appointment for repairs as soon as possible. For more tips, latest news, offers, and updates, follow Premier Car Care on Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, YouTube, and Twitter. | <urn:uuid:2aacaf46-10b2-40f6-b04a-29afc45b8d1a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://premier-carcare.com/7-signs-your-car-air-conditioner-needs-a-repair/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.933497 | 988 | 1.539063 | 2 |
A dog is a man’s best friend and makes your life joyful and meaningful. However, being bitten by a dog can be distressing and cause serious, permanent injuries. According to CDC, out of the 90+ million dogs in the United States, records suggest close to 4.7 million dog bites every year. Of those, more than 800,000 people receive medical aid, and over 28,000 undergo reconstructive surgeries.
Summer always brings increased road work as most municipalities take advantage of the weather and reduced commuting traffic to maintain and upgrade our Nation’s roadways. Once complete, we will likely appreciate the extra lanes or more comfortable ride the road work provides. However, during the road work, the changes to traffic patterns, narrowed lanes, barricades, slowing traffic, slow and merging trucks, and other construction can create dangerous circumstances that can lead to traffic accidents and fatalities.
12005 Whitmarsh Lane
Tampa, FL 33626 | <urn:uuid:2d15abc2-5af2-4201-97ff-5942d143aed1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wrzlaw.com/2022/07/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.938986 | 211 | 1.898438 | 2 |
“Reading Shakespeare in class is akin to going to a restaurant and eating the menu. Shakespeare is meant to be acted and attended, not just words on a page.” With this belief in mind, playwright Rosina Mason Whitfield created this lively and shortened version of the Bard’s classic. It is specially designed to be played by 5 actors as a touring show to introduce middle and high school students to the wonder of Shakespeare in a way that is enjoyable and accessible. The show did in fact tour for two years to schools in Pennsylvania where students always loved the sword fights and kissing! Narration and observations by the actors further involve the students, helping them to see that Shakespeare’s characters deal with the same things kids deal with today i.e. conflict with parents, boyfriend/girlfriend issues, and neighborhood violence. And to show that violence doesn’t solve problems. Approximately 45 minutes.
Playwright Rosina Mason Whitfield Talks About
“ROMEO & JULIET – A 45-MINUTE FORAY INTO SHAKESPEARE”
Q: WHAT INSPIRED YOU TO WRITE THIS PLAY?
A: At York Little Theatre we were doing a touring show for younger children and I thought we should produce one for middle and high school students too. The theatre did a full production of “Romeo and Juliet.” I played the nurse so I got to know the play really well. I remember sitting in English class myself being forced to read it and being bored. I fell in love with Shakespeare when I actually got to see it on stage. Having to read it in class is akin to going to a restaurant and eating the menu. It was meant to be acted and attended, not just words on a page. Hence the idea of this play was born.
Q: WHAT’S YOUR FAVORITE PART OR LINE IN THE PLAY?
A: I think my favorite line is when the Nurse talks about Juliet not going back to Paris, even if she could get a good deal at Expedia.com. The play on words and the modern reference just makes me laugh. Audiences laughed too. It is also fun to watch the surprise of kids when they learn that at the beginning of the play Romeo is already ready to do himself in over a woman who is not Juliet. And we loved the catcalls during the kiss and the gasps during the sword fights. We had great sword fights and kissing!
Q: TALK ABOUT THE CHARACTERS IN YOUR PLAY.
A: Of course the characters already existed from Shakespeare, but I had a lot of fun mixing and matching them up and creating so many characters with only 5 actors.
Q: WHAT DID YOU TRY TO ACHIEVE WITH THIS PLAY?
A: I wanted to get kids turned onto Shakespeare and show that it is fun, action packed and that the characters deal with the same things kids deal with today i.e. conflict with parents, boyfriend/girlfriend issues, and neighborhood violence. And to show that violence doesn’t solve problems. I also wanted to show young people that Shakespeare is accessible and exciting.
Q: DO YOU HAVE ANYTHING ELSE YOU WOULD LIKE TO ADD?
A: The play did well in both middle and high schools. When they laughed we knew they were getting the comedy and were into the action of the play. We often had a question and answer session after our performances. The best part was when they wanted to know more about the characters they had met. | <urn:uuid:f6d87bc7-725b-4a9c-878f-d9fa1e62cc6e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://histage.com/romeo-juliet-45-minute-foray | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.973919 | 725 | 2.03125 | 2 |
The Chief Justice Alfonse Owiny-Dollo has revealed plans to establish a specialized Court to handle environmental matters that have become a challenge in both local and International arenas.
Justice Owiny-Dollo noted that cases of wetland encroachment, poaching, hazardous waste disposal, interference with the eco-system and depleting critical flora are some of the key concerns to be managed.
This was during the Annual General meeting of judicial officers under Uganda Judicial Officers Association which was conducted via zoom.
The Chief Justice was represented by his Deputy Richard Buteera, who reported that the Judiciary Administration is working hard to ensure that Administration of the Judiciary Act is operationalized to the benefit of the judicial officers adding that so far sound progress is being made for the court users also to benefit through improved access to justice.
Justice Buteera explained that following the closure of the Execution and Bailiff’s Division of High Court in 2020, the plans are underway to start the Environmental Division which environmentalists have always demanded.
Uganda will become the second country in East Africa to establish an environment court. Currently Kenya has an environment and land court. Both have the powers of High court.
The decision to establish an environment court comes just two months after the Eat Africa Court of Justice trained judges and judicial officers on environment and environment-related litigation.
The training which took place in Kigali Rwanda was on the judiciary in promoting the rule of law and environmental justice for sustainable development in East Africa.
Among the expectations were the need for improved understanding of the critical role of judges and judicial officers in the development, enforcement and compliance with environmental laws as well as its challenges.
The judges and judicial officers were to come up with an agreement on the process to develop and define a reporting mechanism on the performance of national judiciaries in the East and Horn of Africa towards the implementation of SDG16.
Justice systems around the world face obstacles to settling environmental cases quickly and fairly, whether from corruption, drawn-out trials or judges who lack understanding of environmental issues.
Specialized environmental courts have emerged as an important defense against human-caused destruction of the environment. China has over 300 environmental courts.
Executive Director Africa Institute For Energy Governance, Dickens Kamugisha welcomed the development but doubted whether with in Uganda’s judiciary given challenges like corruption and lack of resources.
According to the speech of Chief Justice, the institution’s budget has been increased from about 191 billion shillings to 318 billion shillings for the financial year 2021/2022.
The Chief Justice intimated that budgetary enhancement will help in recruitment of more judicial officers, enhancement of staff welfare and establishment of Chief Magistrate Court at each district level, Magistrate Grade One at each constituency level, more High Court circuits and decentralization of Court of Appeal across the country as they push for more funding.
He also said a number of areas have identified for reforms in order to promote access to justice which include review of Court bailiff’s rules, Court of Appeal rules, Court Bail Guidelines, Court fees rules, appellate Mediation rules and Amicus Curiae practice directions.
The Judiciary also plans to enhance jurisdiction of magistrate Court in a bid to enhance access to justice and to reduce case backlog.
The Chief Justice noted that magistrate are soon running out of work given the escalating inflatable levels and the current market values of products citing an example that an average motor vehicle goes for about 50 million shillings while a 50×100 plot of land in the suburb of any city costs about 50 million shillings yet the majority of magistrates can only handle cases involving up to 20 million shillings.
In this current financial year Judiciary further intends to operationalize Luweero High Court to bring services near to the people of Luweero, Nakasongola and Nakaseke districts who have been trekking up Kampala to access High Court Services for all the years.
On her part the Chief Registrar Sarah Langa warned judicial officers against absenteeism, corruption, disunity violation of the judicial code of conduct.
However, the UjOA President Justice Tadeo Asiimwe used the zoom meeting to reiterate the demands for improved transport means and security guards for all the judicial officers, an issue that has always featured prominently in the past meetings. | <urn:uuid:4c6af943-b8c1-45a9-b775-1b16a321560c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://witness.co.ug/judiciary-to-create-special-court-for-environmental-matters/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.9579 | 886 | 2.25 | 2 |
WHAT IS IT?
Organo™ Red Tea is a delicious tasting red tea combined with Cordyceps and Organic Ganoderma lucidum. Great for anyone that wants the great taste and benefits of this fresh and light tasting tea.
Cordyceps –grown in a mineral-rich soil at high altitudes and low temperatures and is a celebrated mushroom used for centuries in traditional Chinese culture.
Ganoderma lucidum– also known as the red Reishi mushroom, this mild flavor adds a note of depth to the tea flavor and brings its own benefits. Ganoderma mushrooms provide triterpenoids and amino acids. Ganoderma mushrooms are ‘adaptogens’.
Ganoderma lucidum has been used in traditional Asian culture for thousands of years. The name Ganoderma lucidum means “spiritual potency”, while the Japanese name Reishi can be translated as “King of Herbs”.
DID YOU KNOW?
Cordyceps are grown in a mineral-rich soil at high altitudes and low temperatures and is a celebrated mushroom used for centuries in traditional Chinese culture. Because of their remote habitat, and tough geography, cordyceps were historically reserved for the Emperor’s highest court and Chinese nobility.
HOW TO USE IT
Place the tea bag at the bottom of the cup and pour the hot water on top to your desired level. Freshly boiled water, rested for a 2-3 minutes so the temperature drops to 140-185°F (60-85°C), is the ideal heat for when you pour.
Steep for 3-5 minutes and drink.
Make your own flavors by adding ginger, honey, sugar, or cream. Chill and serve cold over ice with fresh mint or lemon. | <urn:uuid:348cad5c-bbcd-451e-bbd8-067fc597472c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.shopog.com/ShoppingCart/index.cfm?FuseAction=CategoryShop&CategoryID=101&ParentCategoryID=15&OwnerID=2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.898066 | 377 | 1.90625 | 2 |
the Voice of
The Communist League of Revolutionary Workers–Internationalist
“The emancipation of the working class will only be achieved by the working class itself.”
— Karl Marx
Feb 2, 2015
A man and his wife are forced awake by a loud noise and water rushing into their basement apartment. As the water rises to Darwin Mendoza’s shins, he frantically grabs his three young children and runs to his car. As they back out of their driveway to escape danger, the car begins tilting and sinking. The family manages to get out just as their car sinks underwater.
A scene from the next made for TV movie? No. This was the scene last week in a Washington, D.C. suburb. This dramatic and harrowing story was not due to natural causes or a “freak” accident. The water main that broke was 90 years old. “The pipe broke along the length of the pipe, blew out debris, asphalt, road,” according to a Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission (WSSC) spokesman. The water had nowhere to go except peoples’ basements.
“We are fixing 55 miles of water main per year. We have 5,500 miles of pipe in the ground, so it is a 100-year replacement cycle,” reported the spokesman for WSSC. Clearly, 55 miles per year is not nearly enough! They can’t hire more people?
A county council member representing the neighborhood responded to the disaster by saying that it was “unfortunate” that the infrastructure is old.
This is not an “unfortunate” situation! This is a deliberate choice made by politicians like this county council member: Give taxpayer money to the wealthy in the form of tax breaks and subsidies for businesses and corporations, rather than use it to replace aging infrastructure. The choice they made puts us ALL at risk. | <urn:uuid:efe88fe0-07bb-4f09-8392-e1e1547b26b3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://the-spark.net/np980207.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.973365 | 397 | 1.671875 | 2 |
This module will consider the anatomy and function of normal tissues, organs and systems and then describe their major pathophysiological conditions. It will consider the aetiology of the condition, its biochemistry and its manifestation at the level of cells, tissues and the whole patient. It may also cover the diagnosis and treatment of the disease condition. Indicative topics will include the reproductive system; muscle; nervous system; and endocrine system.
Total Contact Hours: 24
Private Study Hours: 126
Total Study Hours: 150
Method of assessment
• In-Course Test (90 minutes) – 35%
• Examination (2 hours) – 65%
Silverthorn, D.U. (2018). Human Physiology – An Integrated Approach, 8th Edition. New York, NY: Pearson Education.
See the library reading list for this module (Canterbury)
1. Describe the structural organisation and function of specific physiological systems of the body and understand how the body systems act in an integrated manner to maintain homeostasis.
2. Describe how malfunction of physiological systems gives rise to disease, using specific examples.
3. Appreciate the relationship between physiology, anatomy, and medicine.
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Credit level 5. Intermediate level module usually taken in Stage 2 of an undergraduate degree.
- ECTS credits are recognised throughout the EU and allow you to transfer credit easily from one university to another.
- The named convenor is the convenor for the current academic session.
University of Kent makes every effort to ensure that module information is accurate for the relevant academic session and to provide educational services as described. However, courses, services and other matters may be subject to change. Please read our full disclaimer. | <urn:uuid:cae977bd-10fc-4fb8-8c08-fbba0fa64bb6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.kent.ac.uk/courses/modules/module/BI513 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.88795 | 373 | 2.375 | 2 |
Staff and students at Herne Hill’s Judith Kerr Primary School have paid tribute to their patron and namesake, the much-loved children’s author who died last month.
Judith Kerr died on May 22, aged 95. Famous for The Tiger Who Came To Tea, and her Mog series about a family cat who gets into all kinds of scrapes, Kerr first came to London as a refugee, when her Jewish family escaped Nazi Germany.
She was the patron of the bilingual primary school on Half Moon Lane, which opened in 2013, teaching in both English and German.
In memory of the writer, who had visited the school many times, the school held a special end of term assembly and read ‘Goodbye Mog’ to its pupils.
The school tweeted: “Judith’s warm and open outlook on life has become a central part of the school’s own personality.
“We’ll long remember and celebrate a wonderful friend.”
We are devastated to read of the passing today of our patron, #JudithKerr. A wonderful writer and illustrator, and a fantastically generous, enthusiastic friend of our school community. Such a privilege over the last 6 years to have been able to welcome Judith to JKPS. pic.twitter.com/ikiI8MqOYf
— Judith Kerr Primary (@JudithKerrPS) May 23, 2019
Local MP Helen Hayes also praised Kerr and the values in her books as she shared a picture of meeting Kerr two days after the murder of her parliamentary colleague, Jo Cox.
“The message of hope, humanity and kindness in her wonderful books will live on,” she said. | <urn:uuid:a2a9678d-5afb-41ed-be11-bf3e812e8bbe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://southwarknews.co.uk/news/education/herne-hills-judith-kerr-primary-school-pays-tribute-to-its-patron-and-namesake-after-the-authors-death/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.959858 | 354 | 1.921875 | 2 |
A Page is a responsive Visualization that can be viewed correctly through many different devices: desktops, tablets, and phones.
The main feature of a Page is that your audience can interact with it, whether it is:
- A standalone landing page using the Flowics URL.
- Embedded, using the script code we provide, in any of your digital properties as in a mobile app or on your website.
Bear in mind, Pages are intended to be embedded or used as landing pages where your audience will be able to interact with the Elements/Widgets that are part of it.
How to Create a Page
To create a Page, you need access to the Pages Editor. Before starting the process, a prompt will appear asking you what do you wish to build. Pick Web Pages.
Only Users with the expert Role or higher can access the Pages Editor. Learn more about User Roles here.
Once inside the Editor, you will see the following sections:
- A left sidebar with General Settings and Elements.
- A white canvas where you will drop the Elements and Widgets that will compose your Web Page.
- In the top right corner, you will see:
- The Edit and Preview buttons to switch from one mode to another.
- The Publish Settings button.
In this section, you can:
- Name your Web Page.
- Add a background color/image or both.
- Add custom CSS for advanced designs.
- Add your own SEO and Analytics tags, only available if you are going to use the Web Page visualization into your site.
Here you will find a list of all the Elements and Stats & Content Widgets that you can add to your Page according to what you want to build.
There are some Elements and Widgets that are typical of this type of Pages since, as we indicated, they require interactivity on the part of your audience. These Elements are:
How to add Elements to your Page
To add Elements and Widgets to your Page you just simply need to drag and drop them from the left sidebar into the white canvas.
Note in the video above:
- We added a Container Element and changed its layout.
- When a Widget is added to the Page, the simulated content is enabled.
- After picking a Flow, the simulated content is disabled automatically and all the accepted content in the Content Inbox is displayed in the Widget.
- When you have selected a Widget or Element, you will see the following two tabs in the left sidebar:
- Content: where you can assign the Flows to the Widgets.
- Settings: where you can configure and customize the Widget or Element design.
After publishing, if you make any changes in your Page, you must republish it, so these changes can be reflected in the Live version.
What can you build
With Pages you can create, among others:
- Poll and Scoring Mechanics.
- Social Polls using a versus Widget.
- Ranking list.
- Shoppable Galleries.
- Social Walls.
Check out our Widget catalog so you can see them live. | <urn:uuid:1e6a5f3c-a924-490f-9a0c-c20ba0dd0384> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://support.flowics.com/en_US/configuracion-de-paginas/paginas | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.853797 | 659 | 1.796875 | 2 |
In 2019, Aurora Burd ’05, a geoscience faculty member at Antelope Valley College, was invited to teach Introduction to Earth Science with lab at the California State Prison Los Angeles County in Lancaster, California. CSP-LAC has worked with California State University, Los Angeles, since 2016 to offer incarcerated people the opportunity to pursue a B.A. in communication through classes held inside the maximum-security men’s prison, but this was the first time a lab science would be taught there. Burd, who received the Alumni Association Board of Governors’ Spotlight Award in 2021, says her experience teaching there reminded her of Harvey Mudd College. “The CSP-LAC students were very willing to collaborate with each other and went to great lengths to make sure that everyone was successful in class.”
Here, Burd recounts her experience.
The first cohort of students were close to earning their degrees, but the CSU graduation requirement of a lab science was a stumbling block, as the classroom facility is not a science lab space, and lab courses are not typically taught as correspondence courses (which is how incarcerated students can take courses not offered on-site). Antelope Valley College (AVC) also offers classes inside the prison and the ability to earn an AA-T in communication studies. The students typically obtain their AA-T through the AVC program, then transfer to the CSULA program.
I was excited to try something new, and I also feel strongly that education can be transformational. I had been told by other instructors that the students at the prison were “hungry for knowledge.” I wasn’t sure what they meant by this, but it seemed like a new challenge to teach in a different environment and a way to work with students who were really excited to learn. My class had 22 students, roughly half of whom were part of the first CSU cohort, while the rest were AVC students. Several are now out of prison, but many of the students were “lifers” and are thus unlikely to leave prison any time soon.
The summer 2019 course was the first time a lab science had been taught inside this facility and might have been the first time a lab science (for transferable credit) was taught inside any California State Prison. This course (fully transferable to both the University of California and CSU system) is a full-semester course covering an overview of geology, astronomy, meteorology and oceanography, and the course outline of record specifies that “students will examine minerals, rocks, [etc. and that] laboratory exercises will expose students to a variety of hands-on activities exploring the earth sciences.” Offering the class required significant organizational effort, as a list of all desired lab materials had to be approved by the prison, then these same materials transported from the main AVC campus to the prison, where they were processed and inventoried prior to being stored in the educational facility. Some materials (such as glass plates for Mohs hardness tests) typically used in an introductory earth science course could not be approved due to safety concerns, so alternatives had to be approved.
The students exhibited much greater engagement during class and more curiosity regarding the material than my typical students do. For instance, the students who grasped the material more easily used their “yard time” to meet with students from other cell blocks to tutor them, and when students had to miss class due to court dates, not only would their classmates prepare notes for them, but often the students’ cell mates would bring their assignments or speak to me from the yard to let me know why my student would be absent (the yard was separated from the classroom facility by a chain link fence). I also finally found out what “hungry for knowledge” meant. I’ve never taught a class (especially for non-majors) where students had already read large portions of the text on the first day, and where students had identified specific parts of the text that interested them and that they were hoping I would expand upon during class.
There was one other thing that occurred in the course that was seen as important by many of the prison staff and that speaks to the transformational power of education for the inmates. Many of the students voluntarily worked with students of other races during class activities. This is apparently quite unusual within the prison environment. I don’t think it was my class that caused this collaboration (and students selected for the AVC and CSULA programs tended to be well-behaved prisoners who saw access to education as a tremendous privilege, so these inmates were unlikely to be engaging in race-based violence while in prison), but I was happy to see the collaboration continue in my class. Overall, the course was extremely successful, with most students earning an A, a few earning Bs, and no Cs. This was roughly one letter grade higher than the typical students. | <urn:uuid:f54e8d36-fd33-4893-94ab-2b53e6dc33b3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://magazine.hmc.edu/spring-2022/stem-for-everyone/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.985075 | 1,018 | 2.25 | 2 |
In a crowd of people with brains and common sense, there will always be a Karen hidden under the wraps of her ignorance. She can never keep calm. She just has to spit gibberish from the pit of her empty brain. Never missing a single chance to be in the spotlight and going to all extents to prove her point. But unfortunately for her, like always, this time was no different. This ingenious guy wiped the smirk off this Karen’s face and put her back in her place.
This happened with Dave Chappelle when he encountered a Karen during one of his shows. She was being big-headed and left Chappelle with no choice but to school her on police brutality. Scroll down and read the complete story.
So, here’s what happened.
Then all of a sudden something unusual happened.
Police brutality in the United States has a vast history, especially when it comes to the Black community. These brutalities range from arrests, ha*assment to verbal ab*se and mu*ders. The ongoing situation of the US is a backlash to the killing of George Floyd. He was brutally mu*dered by a police officer named Derek Chauvin on May 25, 2020, in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Chauvin arrested Floyd and he knelt on his neck for 8 minutes and 46 seconds. Floyd was handcuffed and couldn’t move. He told Derek “I can’t breathe.” He was lying face down and sadly couldn’t make it. He died.
But the most shocking part was yet to come.
George Floyd isn’t the only case of police brutality in America. There have been many reported cases of police mistreating and mu*dering the African American citizens and not only them but also other ethnicities that were not white Americans. Not only the police but some of the white civilians of the US also subjected other ethnicities to mistreatment.
Soon Chappelle went all out!
African American people and immigrants living in the county are fearful of their future in the US. Their lives are constantly in danger. Everytime they go out, they don’t know whether they’ll make it back home or not. They might be a victim of ha*assment, as*ault, false arrest, mayhem or even mu*der. God knows, what else. Lawfully, everyone deserves equal rights. However, there is a majority of the population that needs to be schooled. Just like this Karen who thought mocking something as serious as police brutality was funny.
It was amazing how he was able silence everyone by giving example after an example…
Why do we send our children to school? Why is education so important? This is why… education allows us to understand the difference between right and wrong. We know the value of human life. What some of the American police officers do and some of the white citizens of the free land do is not something an educated nation does.
As it turned out, Chappelle did more than just talking. He was able to change the perception of not one but many people that night.
Honestly, what a humble guy!
In order to fix the world, we have to first start with ourselves.
Dave Chappelle schooled not only this Karen but also all those 200+ people in the room including all the people who are reading this tweet. It is very important that we all understand the difference between right and wrong. We have to care enough to make it stop. Stand up as one and stop this discrimination. A lot of families are already mourning the loss of their loved ones. Join the critical mass so there may not be another family like that. Share to aware. | <urn:uuid:9879cb77-99f8-499b-83ff-664b91bea32a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://defused.com/dave-chappelle-schools-karen/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.975286 | 764 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Larval vision contributes to gregarious settlement in barnacles: adult red fluorescence as a possible visual signal
Online Publication Date2014-02-26
Print Publication Date2014-03-01
Permanent link to this recordhttp://hdl.handle.net/10754/555739
MetadataShow full item record
AbstractGregarious settlement, an essential behavior for many barnacle species that can only reproduce by mating with a nearby barnacle, has long been thought to rely on larval ability to recognize chemical signals from conspecifics during settlement. However, the cyprid, the settlement stage larva in barnacles, has one pair of compound eyes that appear only at the late nauplius VI and cyprid stages, but the function(s) of these eyes remains unknown. Here we show that cyprids of the intertidal barnacle Balanus (=Amphibalanus) amphitrite can locate adult barnacles even in the absence of chemical cues, and prefer to settle around them probably via larval sense of vision. We also show that the cyprids can discriminate color and preferred to settle on red surfaces. Moreover, we found that shells of adult B. amphitrite emit red auto-fluorescence and the adult extracts with the fluorescence as a visual signal attracted cyprid larvae to settle around it. We propose that the perception of specific visual signals can be involved in behavior of zooplankton including marine invertebrate larvae, and that barnacle auto-fluorescence may be a specific signal involved in gregarious larval settlement.
CitationLarval vision contributes to gregarious settlement in barnacles: adult red fluorescence as a possible visual signal 2014, 217 (5):743 Journal of Experimental Biology
SponsorsThis study was supported by grants from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (GRF662413 and AoE/P-04/04-II) and an award from the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (SA-C0040/UK-C0016) to P.-Y.Q.
PublisherThe Company of Biologists
JournalJournal of Experimental Biology
CollectionsPublications Acknowledging KAUST Support
- Gregarious settlement in cypris larvae:the effects of cyprid age and assay duration.
- Authors: Head R, Berntsson K, Dahlström M, Overbeke K, Thomason J
- Issue date: 2004 Apr
- The regulatory role of the NO/cGMP signal transduction cascade during larval attachment and metamorphosis of the barnacle Balanus (=Amphibalanus) amphitrite.
- Authors: Zhang Y, He LS, Zhang G, Xu Y, Lee OO, Matsumura K, Qian PY
- Issue date: 2012 Nov 1
- Interaction of conspecific cues in Balanus amphitrite Darwin (Cirripedia) settlement assays: continued argument for the single-larva assay.
- Authors: Elbourne PD, Veater RA, Clare AS
- Issue date: 2008
- Should I stay or should I go? The settlement-inducing protein complex guides barnacle settlement decisions.
- Authors: Kotsiri M, Protopapa M, Mouratidis S, Zachariadis M, Vassilakos D, Kleidas I, Samiotaki M, Dedos SG
- Issue date: 2018 Nov 20
- An alpha2-macroglobulin-like protein is the cue to gregarious settlement of the barnacle Balanus amphitrite.
- Authors: Dreanno C, Matsumura K, Dohmae N, Takio K, Hirota H, Kirby RR, Clare AS
- Issue date: 2006 Sep 26 | <urn:uuid:af6fe8d4-2440-4af3-8fb1-650efbc1a23c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://repository.kaust.edu.sa/handle/10754/555739 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.84095 | 851 | 2.453125 | 2 |
Find your local entertainment companies to help make your big day extra special.
Music is the mood-maker at any special event, but a wedding demands much more attention owing to several alternating themes during the course of the whole day.
At the wedding ceremony
There will be a selection of music played while your guests arrive, which should be pleasurable to all. From the moment the bride makes her appearance, the traditional processional music is played, but if you want to break with the norm, choose music that fits the style of venue and the mood you want to create. There are no rules except those you choose to make.
During a church ceremony
Hymns will naturally form the basis of congregational singing. But if you are planning a civil ceremony, your music and song choices will be strictly restricted to secular, non-religious forms and will need to be approved beforehand with your registrar.
Throughout the reception
Music styles will change dramatically, from those played when your guests are received by you, to live musicians playing while the meal takes place. When the evening begins, you should start with middle-of-the-road Pop that won’t offend anyone’s tastes, and stirs everyone up onto the dance floor to kick their heels and make it a real party. But there’s a more important choice to make. The most important dance of the day is your first dance together as a married couple and the music or song chosen has to be the most romantic piece ever. Most couples choose the song best associated with their first meeting, or memorable as the music being played when he proposed.
Musical moments to decide upon:
- Prelude music suited to guest arrival at the ceremony
- Processional music when the bride arrives; piped, organist or soprano
- Hymns for the church or secular music for the civil ceremony
- Recessional music when the happy couple leave the ceremony
- Mood music at the reception meal i.e. strings players, a pianist or classical guitarist
- First dance music, played or sung by a live singer or band
- Evening entertainment music. | <urn:uuid:dae71842-fdb4-493a-879f-e2470f885da1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ukwedding.co.uk/find/wedding-suppliers/wedding-day-entertainment/tid13 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.952253 | 437 | 1.664063 | 2 |
It takes a long time to come up with and teach the conventions for writing a language. When speaking, or talking quickly, long phrases get shortened. New things get names. People like to play with words and sound cool. Trendy expressions from other languages, advertisements and movies fall into favour.
So spoken language is always much more vibrant than conservative writing. But where is the difference biggest? I’m thinking Chinese and its mutually unintelligible dialects. But perhaps not. Maybe there are non-computer languages where there is no diffrence. Even most people in France did not speak French during Voltaire’s time.
How about the difference between American Sign Language and English (or any version of sign language vs. it’s written counterpart)? I don’t know if ASL counts, but it is the way deaf people ‘speak’.
In a way ASL vs. written English is the reverse of Chinese, at least as far as I understand Chinese. Written and spoken English both make use of letter symbols corresponding with their sounds that get strung together as words and sentences. But ASL uses a large vocabulary of gestures that are fully-formed nouns, verbs, concepts, etc. So in that way it’s more similar to written Chinese pictographic characters. How those characters correspond to spoken Chinese I don’t really understand though. So maybe I’m way off base with my comparison.
Maybe I should ask my son- he’s been teaching himself Mandarin, and he claims he can understand ‘80-90%’ of what a native Mandarin speaker is saying.
ASL is kind of a special case: There (mostly) isn’t a written form of ASL, and so ASL speakers have to resort to an entirely different language when they’re writing. It’s not that “written English is the written form of ASL”.
(there have been a few attempts to produce a written form of ASL, but none of them have really caught on)
If your son is studying literary (aka classical) Chinese, then, besides the grammar and vocabulary differences, it is pretty clear the modern pronunciation is not like it would have been once upon a time.
There was a similar issue with Greek, back when Ancient Greek was the only form of Greek taught in schools, and even later with the “katharevousa”, but as far as I know especially the latter has pretty much disappeared.
Classical vs vernacular is also an issue to some extent in Arabic and Hebrew.
So True. Written English is a reflection of English and not ASL. There is a signed version of English that ASL learners normally first learn and use called Signed Exact English (SEE). This type of signing is quite true to the particularities of spoken/written English as it is (normally) a word-to-word transliteration of English to signing-gesture.
ASL is an entirely different beast to English as it was formed (and used) in a different enviroment with users who need not be constrained by certain factors that linear spoken languages are constrained by (but do have other constraints).
For example syntax in spoken languages must adhere to a rigid structure based on it’s linearity (we speak/write one word at a time in long sentences thus the relationship of arguments are indicated by their exact word placement). Signed languages need not always be constrained by this linearity. One can sign:
1st step. “Boy” (in left space)
2nd step. “Girl” (in right space)
3rd step. “Kiss” (with the kiss-sign moving left-to-right or right-to-left depending on the subject/object)
Notice that in the above scenario one can communicate the same info/action if you signed “boy” first or “girl” first; what is important is that the verb at the end shows the correct relationship between the two actors.
It is better to imagine sign languages as “moving paintings”. You “paint” a picture in your sign-space (in front of you), then you add movement or actions to the “painting” showing relations between your “painted subjects/objects” and verbal changes. You also use facial expressions, repetition of hand movements, and sounds to indicate various other linguistic factors (like questions, or impartives, or gerunds, etc).
There is a type of syntax to ASL thou. For example it normally follows that one signs:
[topic] → a) [enviroment/scene] b) [actors] c) [action]
The above syntax is normally adhered to as it aids in clearity. 1. You set the scene. 2. You describe the actors/action. 3. You say your comment.
And during this session the signs used in ASL do not often have exact one-to-one English equivalencies. English equivalencies might exist in SEE (which again is basically an English transcription into signing) but are used sparringly in real ASL (which often uses a lot of jargon or “home-signs”).
Sign languages are their own languages, they aren’t representations of spoken language. ASL is not a dialect or representation of English. It’s just the sign language most common in America. There are signs for the Roman alphabet for spelling purposes, but that’s about as far as they overlap.
I once “heard” a talk by a deaf linguist. (There was a 2-way translator; I wondered if she had grown up with deaf parents, it seemed so effortless, although probably wasn’t. I think @RivkahChaya can also do that.) Anyway, what I came away from the talk with was a realization how totally unlike English ASL was. And for him, learning to read and write English was learning a foreign language. Worse, the kinds of grammatical structures used were entirely different. We can communicate feelings with facial gestures, but they have no semantic content; in ASL they do.
Coming back to OP, the question seems unclear. Which differs the most from what? Obviously, spoken language changes faster and so differs the most from the language you first learned. Eventually it all gets sorted out. As one example, when I was in HS, contact used as a verb was a no-no. Now it is hard to see what the fuss was about.
ASL and English are two completely different languages. Even leaving aside that in one the words/phrases are gestures and the other they’re sounds, the two languages have VERY different grammar and syntax. ASL doesn’t really have a written form.
And… I see I was ninja’d.
I don’t know about Arabic, but when I was inquiring about learning Hebrew I discovered that “Biblical Hebrew” and “Modern Hebrew” have some very significant differences. But their written forms are similar and clearly related, and apparently work OK for either form of the language.
Chinese is an old language and presumably some of the ways it interprets newer things is forced. I know enough Mandarin to know words like television or telephone. But there are many Chinese dialects and presumably the gap between writing and speaking is greater in some of them than it is in Mandarin which might be updated more often due to frequent use. I would guess some Arabic speaking countries may also have gaps.
This is correct! ASL uses English words, but it is not English, and it’s one reason why so many deaf people are functionally illiterate and their unemployment rate is higher than that of the able-bodied blind.
This gets at a question I’ve had for a while, but never asked. this seems as good a place as any for it.
Do deaf people have an easier time learning “pictographic” written languages than they do with “alphabetic” languages. (I am not a linguist, or anything even close, so I’ll try to explain below).
Seems to me that a language in which the written attempts to convey the sound of the spoken language would be very, very difficult for a non-hearing person to pick up, particularly if they have never had their sense of hearing. None of the symbols in this post represent an idea or an object; they (or a combination of them) represent a sound. When I read, “sound,” my brain recognizes the sounds of the “s” and the “ou” diphthong, and the “nd” combination, I “hear” the word in my head, and I recognize it for what it is. I would imagine that this is not at all helpful to a non-hearing person, and that when they learn an alphabetic language, they have to learn entire words as patterns of symbols; they can’t derive or guess the meaning of an unfamiliar word by “sounding it out.” That has to be incredibly difficult.
As I understand ideographic writing, each symbol represents a concept, or an idea, or a concrete thing, and that in some systems it is possible to guess at the meaning of an unfamiliar word based on the component ideograms. This would appear to me to be a much easier system for a non-hearing person to grok.
I assume that a hypothetical non-hearing person in the USA is best off learning written English, difficult as it may be, since it is the way to navigate American society. But, if they wanted to pick up another written language, would they best off with something like Mandarin where it is both an ideographic language and one that is widely used, such that they would have access to a large quantity of written materials?
Speaking only for myself, the ideogram-meaning connection didn’t take me very far. A certain character might mean “eye” explicitly by itself, but lose much (or all) of that meaning when combined with other characters or strokes. People end up learning that this character can have 2 to 8 different sound values, and that helps them recognize it in other words. This is actually more overhead if you are a person who can’t hear sound values and therefore can’t get someone else to teach you a word.
Think of a word like “vision”. You learn that the word fragment “vis” is related to seeing. How does this knowledge help you if you’ve never seen the words “video” or “visit” or “Vistula” or “Avis rent-a-car”? It really doesn’t. You just learn to spell those words. Similar to how it works in other language. Word roots are a marginal help, but most people never think of them again after leaving school.
Your concept might help if there existed a standard international code of ideograms that could serve as a representation of core ideas in most languages. It’s been proposed, people tend to propose standardizing Chinese since it’s already out there, but there’s little popular interest in bolting on another writing system to languages that are already working just fine for most people. | <urn:uuid:96487161-f867-4219-a2f8-4218abc2921f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://boards.straightdope.com/t/between-writing-and-speaking-which-language-differs-the-most/952596 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.970676 | 2,406 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Fields stretch like fairways, cattle fatten in high-rise pens, threshed grain flows through pneumatic tubes into storage elevators, and a control tower oversees all.
National Geographic, No. 4, October 1998
Unlike a lot of the futuristic visions from the 20th Century, there’s still time for this idyll image to be realized. When looked at and contemplated for a bit some logistical questions do arise. But the allure is in the essence of the plan – a clean, well organized, efficient farming scheme where each city is provided fresh foods from just outside of town. It seems that whether or not this type of food production will ever be realized depends on factors that are not currently present in our time.
Illustration via impactdixon | Flickr | <urn:uuid:969f119a-93b4-4e9f-bfb1-d1eb70b0edb0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://atomicscout.wordpress.com/tag/national-geographic/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.943531 | 161 | 2.671875 | 3 |
The University of Texas at Austin is actively working to improve diversity, inclusion and equity within the campus community. Students, faculty members and administrators spent the 2016-17 academic year developing the University Diversity and Inclusion Action Plan (UDIAP), which was adopted in spring 2017. The plan is a reflection upon how we can provide the best education possible for students from all backgrounds, especially those that have been historically marginalized.
Since the adoption of UDIAP, every college, school and unit on campus has been involved in making changes and embracing best practices to foster an open, positive and inclusive learning environment for all.
The UDIAP is considered a fluid document and will be reviewed twice a year. Updates to the plan will be based upon changing campus climate, new academic initiatives and progress, the state and national higher education landscape, and feedback from the campus community. | <urn:uuid:d2771e0e-a883-40e5-a49e-69abb9dc3508> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://diversity.utexas.edu/actionplan/udiap-2017-2020/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.952146 | 174 | 1.570313 | 2 |
Fire doors play a vital role in fire safety. Did you know that over 3 million fire doors are installed in the UK every year? They are an engineered safety device designed to hold back fire, smoke and heat, should be the right level of fire resistance required and only be fitted by a trained and qualified fire door installation professional.
Would you know if a fire door has been installed properly if you looked at it (assuming that you’re not a trained fire stopping operative)? Should they be open or always shut? How do they work? Find out everything you need to know about fire doors in today’s article!
Why are fire doors so important?
In short, fire doors are life saving; and that’s why they are important. They are an important form of passive fire stopping, forming a compartment and creating a safe enough space between a blaze and people so that they can evacuate in time. Most fire doors are made to withstand a fire for at least 30 minutes, depending on the door rating, and that should be enough time to get to safety. They don’t just stop the fire though; they also stop smoke from coming through, slowing the spread of smoke and toxic fumes throughout the building.
How do fire doors work?
Fire doors are made of a special fire resistant material that can withstand a fire for a certain timeframe, depending on the door’s fire rating. Every fire door is fitted with intumescent strips, which are in a groove on every edge of the door or door frame. When they are heated, they expand to fill the gap between the door and the frame, sealing it off from fire and smoke. This is why fire doors should always be kept closed and fitted with self-closing devices, so that should a fire start, the intumescent strips can expand and seal off the room from the smoke, toxic fumes and fire.
Is it a legal requirement to have fire doors?
Fire doors are a legal requirement for all non-domestic properties, so you’ll often find them in businesses, commercial buildings and public premises, but also in residential flats and multi-floor residential buildings. Given the complex nature of fire doors, they must be inspected and maintained regularly by a certified technician. Fire door inspections can flag non-compliant fire doors and prevent a potentially fatal disaster. While privately owned homes aren’t required to have fire doors, they do offer a level of protection that normal doors do not provide.
Who can fit fire doors?
Fire doors should be fit by a competent and trained installer, but many aren’t. They aren’t like normal doors, and require a technical understanding of how they work in order to properly fit them. Remember, these are life saving devices and you don’t really want to mess about with them. A badly fit door might not withstand a fire for five minutes, putting your life at risk, which isn’t something you want to do. Always ask questions and use a professional fire door installer who has sufficient training, experience, qualifications and knowledge.
About Onetrace active and passive fire protection software
Fire door installers should be using an active and passive fire protection software for their transparency and traceability to remain compliant with current 3rd party accreditation standards and provide the necessary documentation to comply with the Golden Thread of Information standards. Onetrace is the perfect fit for those who install fire doors. With built-in QR coding for labels, eliminating the need to handwrite fire door labels, and the ability to do everything you need from your mobile device, while remaining compliant, it’s no wonder that the UK’s fire door installers are all flocking to Onetrace.
Lightweight, easy to use, and available for the device in your hands, Onetrace’s true remote working active and passive fire protection software is coming to a device near you! Enough talk from us though; you need to see this thing in action first hand, and we guarantee that it will be love at first sight! All you need to do is simply get in touch or request a demo. If you’re not ready to commit, that’s okay - you can try Onetrace completely free for 14 days with zero obligation or commitment. No fuss, no hassle. | <urn:uuid:732ca8d4-566c-4627-93a8-014bd234c3be> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://onetrace.app/blog/fire-101-fire-doors | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.933154 | 888 | 2.375 | 2 |
By Norman Dong
Managing Director at FD Stonewater
As the nation continues to battle the COVID-19 pandemic, and with much of the country on lockdown, it may seem like we are living in unprecedented times. There are many open questions about the current public health situation, the outlook on the U.S. economy, and the capacity of the Federal Government to address these challenges. But there is some historical precedent for the magnitude of national crisis we are experiencing today. Our nation has experienced previous shocks to the system, which have been followed by a strong and sustained Federal response to these major events. It is important to understand how the Federal Government has responded to previous crises and the implications for government real estate.
As we try to make sense of our current situation, and as we consider the longer-term Federal impact, the events of September 11, 2001, come to mind. After the attacks, there was a significant expansion of Federal activity and spending to prevent future terrorist attacks at home and abroad. The establishment of the Department of Homeland Security in November 2002 was a direct response to the events of September 11. Moreover, other Federal agencies, including the Department of Defense and the Federal Bureau of Investigation, significantly expanded their functions to prevent future terrorist activity. Not surprisingly, funding for Federal homeland security activities at DHS and other agencies increased from $16 billion in FY2001 to almost $70 billion in FY2011 — an increase of more than 300 percent.
As the economy loses steam under the COVID-19 pandemic, we can expect to see large and sustained increases in Federal spending to promote economic growth. During previous economic downturns, there were significant spikes in Federal spending as the government deployed a strong fiscal stimulus strategy to respond to the crisis and to jump start the economy. This was true during the economic recession of the early 1980s, and it was true after the Financial Crisis of 2008-2009. During the Great Recession of 2009, for example, Federal spending increased to a record 24.4 percent of Gross Domestic Product. This increase was due in part to the American Reinvestment and Recovery Act of 2009 — the fiscal stimulus package that included $831 billion in new spending to provide temporary relief programs for those most affected by the recession and to invest in infrastructure, education, health, and renewable energy.
Change in Square Footage 2000-2019
As Federal spending increased in the aftermath of both September 11 and the Financial Crisis of 2008-2009, so did the Federal real estate footprint. The chart above shows trends in GSA leased inventory over the past two decades. The data shows a significant upward trajectory in the amount of Federally-leased space in the immediate years after the September 11 terrorist attacks as well as after the 2008 financial collapse, both in the National Capital Region and across the larger GSA portfolio.
Given past history, how can we expect the COVID-19 pandemic to impact Federal real estate? We can start by examining the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act of 2020. The fiscal stimulus package enacted by the Congress last week reflects more than $2 trillion in government spending, with a $340 billion boost for Federal operations and response efforts to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. Increased agency spending includes spending to enhance the nation’s public health infrastructure, including $500 million for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to modernize public health data collection. Agencies including the Department of Agriculture, Interior, and Health and Human Services will receive funding to expand their workforce. And the General Services Administration will receive $275 million, which will fund deep cleaning and enhanced screening at Federal buildings and provide for emerging space requirements to support agency efforts to deal with the COVID-19 crisis. Depending on the severity of the current public health crisis and economic downturn, the CARES Act of 2020 may end up being the first in a series of steps taken by the Federal Government to get the economy moving again.
As we think about the short- and long-term impact on Federal real estate, there are several factors that should be considered, and these factors might have conflicting effects on Federal occupancy statistics:
- Historical precedent suggests that we might expect an expansion in the Federal real estate footprint as Federal activity ramps up to bolster the nation’s public health infrastructure and reinvigorate the economy.
- But in contrast to the previous events, the Federal response to the COVID-19 pandemic is taking place in era of significant downsizing of the Federal footprint. Our chart shows dramatic reductions in the Federal leasing footprint here in the National Capital Region since 2013, and a continuing trend of reductions in the overall GSA leased portfolio.
- As the vast majority of Federal employees telework every day during the pandemic, we are seeing a proof of concept unlike anything the Federal Government has experienced before. The CARES Act of 2020 will provide millions of dollars to agencies across government to improve their telework capacity through network expansions and software license purchases. As agencies demonstrate their ability to perform the functions of government by working remotely, will the Federal Government double-down on the concept of telework over the long-term?
- Finally, we must consider the concept of space densification. Over the past decade, agencies have dramatically improved their space utilization by eliminating private offices and embracing open-office environments that feature benching, hoteling, and telework. Will the COVID-19 pandemic and heightened concerns about infectious disease result in a push-back against the densification of workplaces and increase pressure to reconsider open office environments? Or, based on what is reflected in the Fiscal Stimulus package and in recent GSA policy guidance, will it only engender a new standard for janitorial services and cleaning of shared space?
As the Nation battles the COVID-19 pandemic, history has shown how the Federal Government and the nation have been able to overcome these monumental challenges. The current situation provides an opportunity to reflect on the Federal capacity to respond to the current crisis and our nation’s ability to recover from this event. These types of events compel us to examine not just the Federal program infrastructure, but also the Federal real estate posture, for dealing with these major shocks to the system. As the Federal real estate strategy continues to mature and evolve, it must do so in a way that supports our nation’s resilience.
Norman Dong is a Managing Director at FD Stonewater and is the Former Commissioner of the U.S. General Services Administration, Public Buildings Service. | <urn:uuid:bd51ba45-bee0-4e7b-b21e-89a8bb62ebfa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fdstonewater.com/impact-of-covid-19-on-federal-real-estate/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.948034 | 1,327 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Frequently Asked Questions
The Frequently Asked Questions section is here to make everything easier to you.
Questions you may have and problems you may face are divided into categories.
These pages are intended for guidelines only; for up-to-date information and regulations, please refer to the most recent version of the EUSA Rules and Regulations.
What does EUSA stand for?
EUSA stands for European University Sports Association.
It is a non-profit, non-governmental association.
As an umbrella association, it acts as the governing body for University Sports in Europe.
To find out more about EUSA Statutes: Statutes
What are EUSA activities?
The EUSA is pursuing the following objectives:
a. to maintain and develop regular communication between the national federations;
b. to co-ordinate competitions, conferences, mass-sport-events and other activities both at university and national level;
c. to represent university sport in general and the member federations in particular in relation to European organisations;
d. to disseminate throughout Europe the ideals of university sport in close collaboration with the International University Sports Federation (FISU) and other European organisations.
To achieve these objectives, EUSA put in place different events and projects:
Sporting Events: European Universities Championships, European Universities Games, Patronage events.
Non Sporting events: General Assemblies, Conferences, Conventions, Seminars
Other projects: Education, social responsibility projects, partnerships
To find out more, check out the Events page: Event calendar
To find out more, check out the Projects page: Projects
Taking part in events / EUSA activities
You are a student and you want to take part in EUSA activities
How can I qualify for a European Universities Championship / European Universities Games?
You need to be a student (aged 17 to 30) – or you graduated the previous academic year – from a university in one of the EUSA member countries.
(See Members page: Members)
Your national university sport federation is the only body responsible for your qualification.
Usually, you have to take part in the relevant national university championship and achieve a good result (winner, runner-up and sometimes semi-finalists are qualified) to be qualified for the championship.
You must contact your National University Sport Federation; it will submit a general entry form (1st step of the registration) to the relevant Organising Committee.
If more participants than expected are applying for one championship, then the organising committee and the EUSA will choose the participants in accordance with EUSA rules. (Depending on the representativeness of countries, the time of registration and the maximum number of participants per country)
How can I register for a European Universities Championship / European Universities Games?
A detailed PDF guide of the registration process might be found here: https://www.eusa.eu/media/documents/registrations-guide
Here’s a summary to make sure you don’t miss any steps:
Now that you’ve qualified (see previous question), you need to follow the registration process to ensure your participation at the relevant event.
There are deadlines to respect if you want to take part in a EUSA event:
- General entry form : 3 months before the event
- Quantitative entry form : 2 months before
- Referee entry form (for relevant sports) : 2 months before
- Individual entry forms and travel plan : 1 month before
All the registration process is done through the EUSA online registration system:
1) On each event page you’ll find a registration link, it leads to a page where you need to log on.
2) The first step is done by your National University Sport Association which has codes to log on :
They register you or your team thanks to the General entry form under a University name WITH A CONTACT PERSON NAME AND EMAIL ADDRESS.
3) This contact person will then automatically receive a username and password.
4) An invoice for a deposit (see FAQ Money matters) is automatically generated. Only once the deposit is paid, the contact person will be able to carry on the registration process.
5) The contact person can then edit the Quantitative entry form (number of athletes, referees, official, date of arrival, date of departure)
Then the organiser must mark you as paid and confirmed (you should contact the organiser then, to arrange detail for the 50% payment before the championship)
6) The contact person must fill Individual entry forms according to the number of persons you stated in the Quantitative form. They should be printed and signed/sealed by university to serve as Certificate of Academic Eligibility.
When this last step is done and approved by organiser then you are registered and can prepare your trip.
Keep a regular contact with organisers (travel plans, info about accommodation) to ensure everything goes smoothly.
Organising an event
What events are open to bid for the organisation?
The sports events European Universities Championships and the European Universities Games are open for bidding through the National University Sports Associations (NUSAs), as well as the EUSA General Assemblies.
Should you be interested in hosting an event, contact information for your local NUSA can be found here.
You can also request to organise the EUSA General Assembly by directly contacting the EUSA Office. | <urn:uuid:d021cd5a-88e2-4f40-ac7a-e88340b02f72> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.eusa.eu/faq | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.902446 | 1,119 | 1.679688 | 2 |
more to us…
The country of Cyprus is like a family that never has time to be together because they are always entertaining guests, and the identity of the country can sometimes be lost in all this
Cyprus welcomes as many as 15 million tourists every year, who come to engrave a piece of the beautiful and endowed island in their memory, before taking off to another place worth committing to memory. With all these tourists and so much focus on the beaches and wonders Cyprus has to offer, it can be very easy to forget that there is more to the gorgeous island, than just UNESCO World Heritage sites and Blue Flag beaches.
We look at a few things the locals and people are passionate about.
Cypriots are a very religious people, devoted Christians to the Orthodox church in particular.
Christianity came to Cyprus in around AD 45, brought by Apostle Lazarus, who is the Patron Saint of the Church of Lazarus in Larnaca, and Barnabas, who was the Cypriot Jew and was with the apostle Paul on many of his missions. Apostle Barnabas is cited in the Bible in Acts 4:36 and Acts 14:14. A good number of the stories in the Bible happen to have taken place in Cyprus. Evidence from tombs and the age long buildings scattered all over the country tell their stories. The most important church in Cyprus is the Church of Cyprus, which is an autocephalous Greek Orthodox church, and one of the oldest. Close to 80% of the Cypriot population are of Orthodox faith, while the remaining portion is either Sunni Muslim, Protestant, Catholic, Armenian Apostolic, and even Buddhist.
Cyprus is also the location for some of the most remarkable stories and relics of Greek mythology, with none bigger than the famed Mount Olympus, which was the lair of the gods of Greece.
While this is a global issue, Cypriots are still noticeable very keen on fashion. The latest trends and collections by renowned names do not go amiss, and are used as inspiration by Cypriot designers to make styles that are usually very unique and still attractive. Blending true Mediterranean styles to the modern day trends, allows Cypriots to have collections that are unique, expressive of their culture, and still looking en vogue. It’s no surprise therefore that shopping and fashion houses is a booming business with or without the tourists flocking in.
But Cypriots also know that the fashion inherited from tradition is timeless, and so every festival is properly honoured by adorning the appropriate traditional or customary garb.
Sports is not one of the things that people looking from afar will generally relate with Cyprus. We never hear about their national teams on the biggest stages and competitions, and they really haven’t had any success of note, but football is the most popular sport in Cyprus and draws quite the crowd. Football is a global sport and its charm has not left Cyprus indifferent.
The football league is divided into four well organized divisions, with the Cyta Championship being the elite. The highlight of the season is the European Cup season, when Cypriot teams that qualify for the Champions League or Europa Cup get to play against the other big teams of Europe. Apollon Limassol is one of the biggest clubs in the country, having played multiple times in both the Champions League and Europa League, and shares a fierce rivalry with AEL Limassol. Other notable clubs of the country are Anorthosis Famagusta, Omonia Limassol, AEK Larnaca, and Paralimni.
The people of Cyprus are also very passionate about their cuisine, which is one of the best in the Mediterranean, and family. Cypriots usually have very large extended families and always make sure to find time to be together, whether it is during celebrations or just organized reunions. Hospitality is second nature to these Mediterranean people and while their country has become one of the attractions of the world, one thing that is certain is the pride Cypriots take in their heritage and values, two things that will never get lost as modernization continues to grow. | <urn:uuid:20d6a5ae-7c07-447e-8ce4-1d74cfc350fe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cyprusfinest.com/magazine-post.php?post_id=39 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.970091 | 858 | 2.09375 | 2 |
You are probably sick of reading the guidelines that your college/University gives you, and you are probably tired of reading the generic tips that other online articles give you. Here are some tips from a genuine lab report service UK on how to write lab reports for scientific subjects.
Getting Extra Tips from Your Professor
Let us start with a tip that gets professor’s pets a better mark. Ever wondered why the hot girl with the come-to-bed eyes seems to do better with her lab reports? Is it because she is sleeping with your professor? Is it because he fancies her in some way? No, her exposure to her professor’s presence is helping her learn the coolest tricks of the trade.
Trick 1 – Extra Tips from Your Professor
Let’s say that your professor gives you two weeks to write your lab report. Write a rough draft, and smarten it up a little so it looks like your final draft by proofreading it like a pro. Then, submit the paper four days after it was set, or at least a week before the deadline. If your professor is one who likes to give amendments to students, then take all of his/her notes when the paper is returned to you.
Now, you use what you wrote, your previous notes, and your professor’s notes, and you write a completely new essay. You now have a fantastic resource on what is right, wrong, and what your professor wants because of what you wrote already, because of your previous notes, a because of the amendments your professor gave you.
Trick 2 – Become A Professor’s Pet While Using an Essay Writing Service
Loud-mouthed Lisa keeps making snarky comments in class and your professor hates her. Make no mistake, when you grow older and start making friends with professors, you are going to hear some of the awful things they say about their students. Professors are people, which means they are just as lazy, vindictive and callous as anybody. Professors will look for reasons to mark down your work if they dislike you. Become a professor’s pet by getting as much face-to-face time as you can without being creepy.
Plus, occasionally make mention that you are learning so much and that the subject is sooooo much more interesting thanks to him/her. You may now use an essay writing service and your professor will not look for indicators that you didn’t write it. For example, your professor will not call on you in class to quote bits of your report and will not test your knowledge after the fact to see if you wrote the clever things that were present in your lab report.
Trick 3 – Get Generic and Claim You Moved Science Forwards
You need to try the politician’s move where you make a broad statement and claim it is for the betterment of human kind. Your professor probably has an agenda because he or she wants you to come to a certain conclusion. You can avoid the mistake of hitting the wrong conclusion by generalizing without being vague. You then claim, within your discussion/conclusion, that your work will help others by giving them a starting point or a foundation upon which they may conduct more tests and make stronger conclusions. The crazy thing is that such a claim is very logical on the surface, despite the fact it gets you off the hook for creating anything meaningful.
The Discussion Section – Ignore Your Instincts
Your professor is used to seeing people pick an idea and then chase a solution. If your professor is a good one, then he or she will want you to remain as impartial as possible throughout the entire lab report process. You need to ignore your intuition and your instincts regarding your topic. There is a strong chance that you desired a certain result, but you cannot chase it. You have to be as robotic or as clinical as you can.
The Discussion Section – Pandering to Your Professor
Your professor wants to see a certain answer. Luckily, many science professors do not have a political agenda, even if one or two of them seem to take a day out to teach you all about, “The way we are damaging nature maaaaan” (spoken in a hippy voice). If your professor does have a political agenda, then just go with it and blame the destruction of the environment on whomever fits the mould this week.
Your professor is probably going to have an agenda regarding your results. Your professor probably wants you to prove and reach the same conclusions as real scientists that came before you. It is imperative that you look up the results of other people who have conducted similar tests to find out what your professor thinks the right answer is. Plus, you can often pick up hints from your professor about what he or she thinks will happen and what the conclusion should be.
Results and How to Cheat Like A Champ
Cheating is wrong, giggle, but sometimes you can do a little harmless cheating and never get caught. To give you an example, let’s pretend you were asked to acid test different types of jewellery to find their gold content. Now, let’s say that you are given access to 600 pieces of gold and 3 different types of acid, and let’s say that you ran tests on 14 pieces of gold and you tried all 3 acids on each piece, and you tested each piece 5 times. That is a total of 210 tests (14 x 3 x 5). You run out of time and so you present your results, and your professor figures that the amount of testing you did is okay.
However, what if you claimed you worked on 24 pieces of gold. That is a total of 360 tests where you invented the results for 150 tests. So long as your average test results do not deviate from the averages you set with the first 210 tests, then what difference does it make (at least in a college/university setting)? Plus, your professor will see that you conducted 360 tests and may mark you higher for comprehensively testing the pieces.
Stating Your Hypothesis – Is There Wiggle Room?
This is a cheap trick, but it is woefully underused. You change your hypothesis and your introduction after your lab report is fully completed, and then you amend the discussion or conclusion to match. Do this and it appears as if your lab work went off without a problem and it looks as if you proved or disproved what you set out to do.
Some students use this trick by being a little vague or general when they start their lab work and lab report, and others do it by simply changing the topic/title/hypothesis and hoping the professor doesn’t notice. Even if your professor asks for your topics beforehand and asks for your research proposals, your professor is unlikely to notice if you tweak a few things after the fact.
Do Not Dwell on The Method
Some students burn up hundreds of words on the method section of their lab report without realizing that it is not a great place for scoring big marks. Your professor needs to see that your tests were fair and that your methods were sound, but there are scientists out there who can do this with something short of a bullet point list. If anything, you should be as concise as possible and under-write this section, and then wait to see if your professor asks for more when he or she gives you amendment requests. Remember that it is mostly about showing that you followed procedure and that your tests were fair, accurate, and repeatable. Over time, you will learn how to write a method section that scores higher and higher points.
Our writers have spent years creating the accurate and correctly-written lab reports for struggling students. Do not suffer in silence, simply make your order with us, and we will write your lab report for you. | <urn:uuid:0bdbd6d5-4814-4d6c-9ce1-2b3ee173a40b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.brillassignment.co.uk/blog/tips-on-how-to-write-lab-reports-in-a-scientific-setting/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.967502 | 1,600 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Re-purposing Excavation Database Content as Paradata
An Explorative Analysis of Paradata Identification Challenges and Opportunities
Keywords:metadata, paradata, metadata extraction, data reuse, research data, unstructured data, archaeological data
Although data reusers request information about how research data was created and curated, this information is often non-existent or only briefly covered in data descriptions. The need for such contextual information is particularly critical in fields like archaeology, where old legacy data created during different time periods and through varying methodological framings and fieldwork documentation practices retains its value as an important information source. This article explores the presence of contextual information in archaeological data with a specific focus on data provenance and processing information, i.e., paradata. The purpose of the article is to identify and explicate types of paradata in field observation documentation. The method used is an explorative close reading of field data from an archaeological excavation enriched with geographical metadata. The analysis covers technical and epistemological challenges and opportunities in paradata identification, and discusses the possibility of using identified paradata in data descriptions and for data reliability assessments. Results show that it is possible to identify both knowledge organisation paradata (KOP) relating to data structuring and knowledge-making paradata (KMP) relating to fieldwork methods and interpretative processes. However, while the data contains many traces of the research process, there is an uneven and, in some categories, low level of structure and systematicity that complicates automated metadata and paradata identification and extraction. The results show a need to broaden the understanding of how structure and systematicity are used and how they impact research data in archaeology and in comparable field sciences. The insights into how a dataset’s KOP and KMP can be read is also a methodological contribution to data literacy research and practice development. On a repository level, the results underline the need to include paradata about dataset creation, purpose, terminology, dataset internal and external relations, and eventual data colloquialisms that require explanation to reusers.
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Börjesson, Lisa, Olle Sköld, and Isto Huvila. 2021. “Paradata in Documentation Standards and Recommendations for Digital Archaeological Visualisations.” Digital Culture & Society 6 (2): 1. https://doi.org/10.14361/dcs-2020-0210.
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Huvila, Isto. 2012. “Being Formal and Flexible: Semantic Wiki as an Archaeological e-Science Infrastructure.” In Revive the Past: Proceedings of the 39th Conference of Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology, edited by Mingquan Zhou, Iza Romanowska, Zhongke Wu, Pengfei Xu, and Philip Verhagen, 186–97. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9789048516865.
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How to Cite
Copyright (c) 2022 Lisa Börjesson, Olle Sköld, Zanna Friberg, Daniel Löwenborg, Gísli Pálsson, Isto Huvila
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. | <urn:uuid:4d5c7f85-267e-4c93-b5d3-35d449cca48f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kula.uvic.ca/index.php/kula/article/view/221 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.657064 | 4,443 | 2.3125 | 2 |
- The Chinese Communist Party is thinking about changing the constitution to get rid of term limits for the presidency, giving Xi Jinping a clear path forward to complete rule on a level unseen since Mao Zedong.
- While the office of the president does not include institutional power, the president is in charge of China's foreign policy.
- The move to get rid of term limits is the latest in a series of moves made by Xi that gives him direct personal control over all aspects of China's government.
Since becoming General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party in 2012, Xi Jinping has ripped apart the norms of the CCP and cemented himself as the most powerful Chinese leader since Mao Zedong.
Xi has led an almost unprecedented purge of corrupt party members, many of whom were part of an opposing faction within the CCP. Over 266,000 party members were jailed in his first year alone.
Sunday's announcement that the CCP may get rid of presidential term limits could open the door to full-on Mao-style rule over China. Though the title "president" does not come with significant power, the announcement is still extremely important to China's immediate future.
"It is sort of the death knell to some extent for people who oppose him," Elizabeth Economy, the director for Asia studies at the Council on Foreign Relations, told Business Insider.
"I think he's basically said 'both in terms of my leadership of the party, my leadership of the military, and now my leadership of foreign policy, I can conduct all of these positions for the rest of my life,'" Economy said.
At the CCP's 19th Congress in October 2017, Xi didn't name a successor, breaking with the Party's tradition of mapping out a clear, orderly, and peaceful succession process. The same Congress also saw the adoption of "Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era" as the guiding ideology by the CCP, and there have been reports that the party wants to make Xi Jinping Thought part of the country's actual constitution.
By eliminating term limits, Xi solidifies his power over all aspects of China — getting him closer to total control over the country and making it even harder for his opponents to get him out of office.
"You already have people calling Xi Jinping emperor for life and he has nearly complete control over all aspects of the government in China," CBS News Asia Correspondent Ben Tracy reported Monday. "This move will allow him to quash any remaining opposition."
Decades of term limits
Deng Xiaoping brought back term limits 1982 in an attempt to prevent one-man rule, something that the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution proved was disastrous.
"Over-concentration of power is liable to give rise to arbitrary rule by individuals at the expense of collective leadership," Deng said.
Collective leadership between the General Secretary and the members of the CCP's Politburo has been the way China has been governed since Mao. Because of this, the General Secretary does not personally control every aspect of the government.
"While there's not a huge institutional power base behind the [office of the] president, the actual position is ... the conduct of foreign policy," Economy told Business Insider.
"He is the outward face to the rest of the world. When Xi Jinping travels, he goes as the president of China, not as the General Secretary of the CCP," she said. "If he relinquishes the position of president, that means that at least in terms of foreign policy, he plays a much lesser role."
Chinese state-run media is already parroting this point. The Global Times, the CCP's populist tabloid, said on Sunday that China needs "stable, strong and consistent leadership," especially for the "crucial period" of 2020 to 2035. | <urn:uuid:70839c56-a98e-4c11-92a9-6a47d0e8ea2d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://static-ssl.insider.com/xi-jinping-china-opposition-term-limits-means-so-much-to-zi-jinping-2018-2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.968271 | 772 | 1.773438 | 2 |
what does it have going for it? Why would a serious scholar think the brain
might house the mind as spectra of harmonic phase information, the principle
common to all holograms?
reasons for belief, what does hologramic theory really look like?
Given a theoretical
model of the mind, and reasons for believing it, can we use it to make sense
of a few otherwise imponderable examples of mind in action? | <urn:uuid:7ddad8bb-a0ff-448e-9bfa-3ed905ef4ac2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.psicopolis.com/fisikepsic/shufflebrain.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.893683 | 126 | 1.921875 | 2 |
With the latest release of Chrome for Windows (and Chrome OS on Chromebooks), you can install apps that will work even if your computer is not online.
With the latest release of Chrome for Windows (and Chrome OS on Chromebooks), you can install apps that will work even if your computer is not online. These apps work essentially like native desktop OS applications: Their code is installed locally on your computer. You launch them by clicking their shortcuts on the Windows desktop or taskbar, or through an app launcher that Chrome installs onto the Windows taskbar. And you can use them without running Chrome -- these offline apps function separately from the browser.
NAME OF APP: Any.do
CATEGORY: TASK MANAGEMENT
This task manager sports a bright, airy design. You can add a note to a task, or set an alarm to alert you about it on a specified day and time. Your task lists are automatically synced with your mobile devices (Android or iOS) that have the Any.do app installed on them.
NAME OF APP: Gantter Desktop
CATEGORY: PROJECT MANAGEMENT
This alternative to Microsoft Project has fewer features, but is capable enough to use to track the progress of most projects. But you have to pay $9.99 for what is basically an offline version of the free Chrome app, Gantter for Google Drive. In fact, its GUI feels similar enough to Google Drive's that Gantter Desktop could pass as an official Google product.
NAME OF APP: Gliffy Diagrams
COST: FREE/PAID OPTIONS
CATEGORY: FEATURE-RICH DRAWING/DESIGN
The feature-rich drawing app lets you design building floorplans, flowcharts, networking maps, organizational charts and Venn diagrams. Paid options offer integration with your Google Drive account, image exporting, larger storage space in the cloud, online collaboration, and Visio document importing.
NAME OF APP: Google Keep
CATEGORY: NOTE TAKING
Like its Android app counterpart, the Chrome desktop app version of Google’s note-taking and task-manager tool incorporates a card UI design: You enter text onto virtual notecards, and can attach images to them. Your notes are automatically synced to your user account on Google Drive.
NAME OF APP: Lucidchart Diagrams
COST: $9.95/month, consumer; $2-$5/month per user, business
CATEGORY: VISUAL COLLABORATION
This is another option for making flowcharts and other process diagrams. Compared to Gliffy Diagrams, Lucidchart Diagrams doesn’t come with as many pre-made images, but it does have more a robust drawing toolset. It’s free to use on a trial basis for 14 days, but, afterward, you must pay either a monthly or annual fee, choosing from among three subscription levels.
NAME OF APP: Pocket
CATEGORY: WEB-CLIPPING TOOL
This is an official offline viewer for Pocket, a web-clipping tool. By installing the Pocket extension for Chrome, you can then save links to articles, images, videos and sites on the web, which will be curated and accessible from your smartphone or tablet (Android or iOS) that you’ve installed the Pocket app on.
NAME OF APP: Wunderlist
CATEGORY: TASK MANAGER
Like Any.do, with this task manager, you can add detailed notes, and set a reminder notification for a task. Wunderlist also will sync your lists with your mobile devices that have the Wunderlist app installed. Its GUI is more elaborate over Any.do’s simple interface, laying items out over three columns. You can share your tasks with others online.
NAME OF APP: UberConference
CATEGORY: PHONE CONFERENCING
This free service was designed to make starting conference calls simple, without always needing phone numbers: You can invite people to a conference call by entering their email address or UberConference username. The Google+ or LinkedIn profiles of participants are shown if available.
NAME OF APP: VNC Viewer for Google Chrome
CATEGORY: REMOTE CONTROL
VNC may not be the easiest to set up, but it’s ideal if you require greater security and control than you get with other free and paid remote desktop tools. VNC Viewer is a client viewer you use to access the desktop of another computer over the Internet or network that you have set up VNC-compatible software on to run as a server.
NAME OF APP: WorkFlowy
CATEGORY: LIST BUILDING
Though this list-building tool may look sparse, you can add detailed notes to each item, and as many sub-lists as you want. Your lists are synced to the cloud and to your mobile devices that have the official WorkFlowy app installed (or an app that is compatible with the WorkFlowy service), and can be shared with others.
Don’t have an account? Sign up here
Don't have an account? Sign up now | <urn:uuid:8b08b9cc-b752-467f-8fed-9e5026422e30> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.goodgearguide.com.au/slideshow/530925/pictures-10-chrome-offline-apps-business/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.87746 | 1,137 | 1.515625 | 2 |
You can combine milk with most flavors for unique and fun drinks for the whole family. While there are classic flavored milk recipes like chocolate or strawberry, there are so many more easy and delicious milk ideas! Create creamy options like an orange creamsicle, coffee, or vanilla peaches and cream at home for a treat that’s good for you, too.
Below are some unique flavored milk options you can make in your kitchen with or without a blender.
Flavored Milk Recipes
Cinnamon and/or Vanilla Milk
Pour a ½-1 teaspoon of vanilla into a glass of milk and stir. Vanilla is a calming extract that is sure to melt away stress. Add in cinnamon in addition to vanilla (or by itself) for a natural sweetener. You would be shocked at all of the health benefits cinnamon provides.
One quick flavored milk to make with a blender is banana milk. Blend one ripe banana with 8 ounces of milk for a quick and easy glass of milk everyone will enjoy. The subtle banana flavor can be tasted with each sip. To bring out more flavor, add a teaspoon of vanilla. For those who want to make this drink option as a smoothie, blend in peanut butter. This is a milk flavor that Elvis would surely approve of. (Thank you, thank you very much!)
Flavored Milk with Homemade Syrups
A brightly colored and different milk flavor is blueberry milk. This option will need more preparation time than mixing store-bought syrup into your milk. Although, it is so worth it to make homemade syrup! Boil fresh blueberries in water, adding sugar (or sugar substitutes) for your desired level of sweetness. Then, strain the mixture into a glass to let cool and keep in the fridge. Simply reach into the refrigerator for your homemade blueberry syrup. Add to a glass of milk to create a light purple and not-too-sweet drink.
Follow the same process above for blueberries except use fresh (or frozen) strawberries for a beautiful pink and naturally sweet flavored milk.
Vanilla Mint Milk
Another flavored milk made with homemade syrup is vanilla mint. Boil mint leaves with water (and sugar if you desire). Strain into a jar and add vanilla extract. This milk can be enjoyed cold or heated as a soothing morning latte. If you don’t want to go through the work of boiling and straining ingredients to make a syrup, there are other options. This flavored milk combo can also be created by mixing mint extract, vanilla extract, and some green food coloring for the kids into each glass of milk.
Flavored Milk Never Disappoints
Are you not convinced yet about the power of flavored milk? Learn about its health benefits regarding recovery nutrition.
With plenty of additional flavored milk options to make at home, this list is by no means definitive. Get some cookies for dunking and bring the family together to brainstorm what flavors to enjoy tonight. Whether you choose classic chocolate milk or a tropical sip with homemade strawberry syrup, you won’t be disappointed.
Here at The Dairy Alliance, we want to see your flavored milk parties! What flavors will you create? Send us pictures to share of what worked (or what didn’t work).
For more dairy-related recipes, information, and more on the awesomeness (and importance) of dairy in your diet, visit our blog. | <urn:uuid:77f4013d-57d7-42ab-a2b3-e5869bf40c73> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thedairyalliance.com/blog/make-flavored-milk-at-home-with-these-unique-flavors/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.927516 | 706 | 1.570313 | 2 |
We’re moving into a cycle of wisdom teachings of the Devi tradition, expressed so beautifully in Lex Hixon’s version of this poem from Ramprasad:
Unveil the self-radiant diamond of your essence
O distracted mind,
why are you indulging in anxiety?
Be still for just the space of Kali, Kali, Kali
and concentrate your gaze on her reality.
Those who worship the Goddess with splendid ceremony
become imbued with pride.
Much better is the inward path of secret devotion,
invisible to the curious state of the world.
Why construct static images of Mother Reality
from metal, stone, straw, clay?
Allow pure mind to compose her form
from consciousness alone.
Place this living image on the heart lotys
and wait for her to come.
Why bother to gather ripe plantains
to present with ritual gestures at her feet?
She delights only in the nectar of selfless love,
offered directly and abundantly,
breath by breath.
Why worship with such profusion of jewels and lamps?
Unveil the self-radiant diamond of your essence,
O mind, and allow it alone to illuminate
the heart’s secret shrine day and night.
What sense is there to sacrifice animals
as worship of Goddess Kali,
when she desires only the death of egocentricity?
Cut through these childish dreams of separation
with her sword of nondual wisdom,
crying: “Victory to Kali! Jai Ma Kali!
May your truth of oneness triumph endlessly!”
The singer of this hymn has no need for flute or drum
but calls ecstatically to everyone:
“Clap your hands and proclaim melodiously
Ma Kali’s universal victory,
until the mind dissolves completely
into her inconceivable reality.”
The poem says it so exquisitely:
“Until the mind dissolves completely into her inconceivable reality” — i.e., the self-radiant diamond of our essential nature…
And that my friends is the path and the goal. Experiencing that, knowing that, moving into that…. That’s the practice. That’s why we practice. That, quite simply, is it. Or as Keats put it, “that is all we need to know…”
* * * * * * *
Here’s the opening chant from last week’s class. I’ve been personally obsessing with this version of Durga, Durga, Durga. I posted words and free translation on last week’s post. Here they are again:
Durga Durga Durga, Jai Jai Ma
Karuna Sagari Ma
Kali Kapalini Ma Jagododharini Ma
Jai Jagadambe Jai Jai Ma
Glory to the Ocean of Knowledge, Compassion, and Truth that carries me across the ocean of the world.
Think of the ocean of the world as the sense of limitation and separateness that wreaks havoc in the ways we conduct ourselves in our inner and outer lives… (aka “O distracted mind, why are you indulging in anxiety…’)
Here’s my 10.6 Dharma Talk. This clip also contains class chanting of Hymn to Devi and my reading of the Ramprasad poem:
Finally, here’s class chanting of Navarna mantra and closing dharana: | <urn:uuid:289d2d02-6fd3-4d78-87c3-b74e9159a8ad> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mondaynight.blog/tag/durga/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.894478 | 752 | 1.796875 | 2 |
TechEx Week 4: Website Usability & Assorted Tools
It is important to consider the needs of your audience when you create a webpage. What information will they be looking for? Will they be able to find it on your webpage? What devices are they using to access your site? Does the site adapt to all devices, or is there a corresponding, use-friendly mobile site or app for mobile devices? If you do decide to create a mobile site, an accessible link to the full desktop site should be included on the main page.
Above the fold refers to the content that can be viewed on the screen in a browser without scrolling. You want to try to put your most important information, or links to that information, in an area of the screen that will be visible. With so many users accessing the web from devices of varying screen size, above the fold can mean something different for each user. This is also tricky because you don’t want to crowd your site with too much content.
We can try to guess what our users want to see on our websites, but the best way to learn what is actually being used on a webpage is to use an analytics program such as Google Analytics analytics.google.com. This free program allows users to track the number of visits, the links people are clicking on, how long they are staying on the page, the browser and device they are using, and much more.
If your community serves older adults, you probably do not want to make your text size too small. You may also want to eliminate complicated multi-tiered menus. These can be difficult to navigate for patrons with arthritis and/or poor mouse skills. Some patrons may be visually impaired and there are design issues to consider for screen readers. The Alliance for Access to Computing Careers has put together 30 Web Accessibility Tips: http://www.washington.edu/accesscomputing/get-informed/publications/brochures/30-web-accessibility-tips that will help you get started learning about website accessibility.
Large companies often pay for website usability testing. Libraries can create their own informal usability tests by coming up with a list of tasks that they would like library patrons to accomplish. Examples can include finding the library hours, logging into their library account, finding the link to download an ebook, etc. Library employees can then randomly approach patrons and ask if they are willing to participate in helping the library develop their website. Those conducting the test will immediately see where the study participants are experiencing difficulties. These items can be noted, and changes to the webpage can be made based on immediate patron observations and feedback.
Don't Make Me Think, Revisited: A Common Sense Approach to Web Usability (3rd Edition) by Steve Krug
Rocket Surgery Made Easy: The Do-It-Yourself Guide to Finding and Fixing Usability Problems Paperback by Steve Krug http://www.amazon.com/Rocket-Surgery-Made-Easy-Do-It-Yourself/dp/032165…
Google Tools for Web Development
Google has many great, free tools for web developers. Here are a few to get you started:
Google Calendars www.google.com/calendars
Google Forms docs.google.com/forms
Google Analytics www.google.com/analytics
Google Fonts http://www.google.com/fonts/
In-Browser Web Development Tools
Chrome Developer Tools developer.chrome.com/devtools/index
Firefox Firebug addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/firebug/ | <urn:uuid:9bfddb07-6b21-4f2b-a37d-576ebfdcdcc1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://librarylinknj.org/techex/websites-101-part-4-website-usability-accessibility-assorted-tools | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.91014 | 748 | 2.71875 | 3 |
Frequently Asked Questions
Q. Can you accurately measure air flows inside vacuum pipework?
A. Yes, we can measure air flow in pipework by use of a helium dilution technique that allows us to accurately measure how much air is being drawn from any system that is under vacuum or connected to the condenser
Q. Can you find air leaks under lagging or in remote locations?
A. Yes, leaks can be found almost anywhere by using our proprietary helium leak detection equipment
Q. Can you find air leaks on steam ejectors and assess steam ejector performance? Are they working to design?
A. A large part of our remit lately has been looking at why steam ejectors may not be performing properly or finding air leaks on the ejector pack themselves.
Our helium dilution technique allows us to have a unique insight and understanding of how exactly the ejectors are removing air from the system and whether this is in line with their design capacity
Q. Can you help to improve efficiency by reducing condenser back pressure and/or by taking out from service air removal plant that may be in service needlessly?
A. If a Power Station is running with a higher back pressure than normal, the station may be requiring the use the of additional air removal plant to maintain a steady back pressure allowing the unit to keep running.
As these hogging ejectors can be very loud and expensive to run continuously, Quantiflo can help to try and resolve this issue by findings air leaks on the unit. This in turn may reduce the unit’s overall back pressure to within design allowing any extra air removal plant to be taken out of service.
Q. Have you worked on different types of thermal Power Stations?
A. Yes, Quantiflo Limited has worked on Coal, Gas, Biomass, Energy from Waste and Nuclear Power Stations.
Q. Does the unit have to be on in order for Quantiflo to conduct an air ingress survey or leak search?
A. Yes, the unit has to on and ideally generating megawatts. This is to allow the steam flow to draw our injected helium gas throughout the system enabling us to carry out our air flow measurements and our proprietary helium spray technique. | <urn:uuid:68976d4c-a971-4bff-a3f3-0fc79eeb9fec> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://quantiflo.com/frequently-asked-questions/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.944778 | 457 | 1.828125 | 2 |
New Delhi, February 01, 2020: The real estate sector had pinned high hopes on the Budget, as the sector has been reeling under pressure and is on the verge of collapse. The Budget has only two positive proposals for the sector viz. one more year of extension for approval of affordable housing projects for availing a tax holiday and extension of additional Rs 1.5 lakh tax benefit on interest paid on affordable housing loans. But the sector’s key demands such as allowing restructuring of loans, extension of a subvention scheme, raising the limit of Rs 45 Lakh for affordable housing, scrapping of capital gains on the sale of properties, extending the timeline of capital gains, are not met with. This core sector drives demand in ancillary sectors and creates employment opportunities, too. Not addressing the key issues will worsen the future and make the going unviable. The Government can still take immediate steps to bring the sector back on the track before it is too late.
Corporate Comm India (CCI Newswire) | <urn:uuid:d1ab0516-2d29-4fd5-be99-002c0e4225fb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thepropertytimes.in/post-budget-expectations-for-the-real-estate-sector-by-mr-rajan-bandelkar-president-naredco-maharashtra-managing-director-raunak-group/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.927695 | 208 | 1.539063 | 2 |
For the past two decades, researchers have been working on optimal treatments to halt the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on ocular diseases. Anti-VEGF drugs are used for ocular diseases to reduce neovascularization, vascular leakage, and scar formation. These treatments are essential in managing patients with pathologies that involve abnormal angiogenesis and vascular leakage such as neovascular (wet) age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) with diabetic macular edema (DME).
Pegaptanib (Macugen®), an aptamer that binds to VEGF-A165, was the first intravitreal drug used to treat wet AMD. Currently, VEGF inhibitors like bevacizumab (Avastin®), ranibizumab (Lucentis®), and aflibercept (Eylea®) are commonly used. Brolucizumab (Beovu®) by Novartis received FDA approval in late 2019. And more recently, Susvimo™(port delivery system with Lucentis) and Faricimab (Vabysmo®), both produced by Genentech, received FDA approval in late 2021 and early 2022, respectively.
The main challenge with anti-VEGF injections is concerning treatment burden, as some patients need intravitreal injections up to every 4 weeks. One of the primary goals of current research is to develop different treatment modalities with improved durability but equal safety and efficacy. Recent research focuses on developing implants, extended-release polymers, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and gene therapies to prolong the time between treatments.
This article discusses the current anti-VEGF medications currently available to clinicians today.
Pegaptanib sodium (Macugen; Eyetech/Pfizer) is a pegylated RNA aptamer that binds to VEGF-165. It antagonizes the effects of VEGF and thus halts the protein’s neovascular effects. It gained FDA approval in 2004 for the treatment of wet AMD.
Pegaptanib is given as an intravitreal injection at 0.3 mg doses every 6 weeks. The VISION (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibition Study in Ocular Neovascularization) study showed significantly better results in maintaining visual acuity over 2-year treatments for wet AMD patients than sham injections.
Similar positive results were seen in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME), where patients treated with intravitreal 0.3 mg of intravitreal injections had a positive mean change in visual acuity. Patients with DME also had decreased central retinal thickness and reduced need for subsequent photocoagulation treatment.
The drug also showed positive results in regression of retinal neovascularization in proliferative diabetic neuropathy. In a study on Pegaptanib in macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion (RVO), the drug showed positive results in visual acuity and reduction in the center point and central subfield thickness. Although the drug had positive results, it quickly fell out of favor with the subsequent rise of Bevacizumab.
Bevacizumab (Avastin®) is a full-length murine-derived antibody that antagonizes VEGF. The FDA first approved it in 2004 for use in adenocarcinoma of the colon.
Systemic use for ocular pathologies was stopped due to adverse side effects; however, there was evidence of positive results with intraocular injections. It is given as a 1.25mg/0.05 ml intravitreal injection every 4 to 6 weeks.
Studies such as CATT (Comparison of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Treatments Trials) and IVAN (Inhibition of VEGF in Age-Related choroidal Neovascularization trial) showed improvement in visual acuity from baseline in wet AMD. It antagonizes all isoforms of VEGF-A and thus reduces angiogenesis and vascular leakage. The PACORES (Pan-American Collaborative Retina Study Group) study also showed positive results in diabetic macular edema and central vein occlusion patients.
Patients with DME had a remarkable improvement in visual acuity compared to patients treated with laser photocoagulation after 2 years. Patients with central retinal vein occlusions (CRVO) had a 19-letter improvement in visual acuity within the first year when Bevacizumab was used monthly or as needed.
Recently, Outlook Therapeutics announced it is seeking FDA approval for ONS-5010 (Bevacizumab-vikg, LytenavaTM) developed for on-label use of wet AMD, citing its NORSE study results, which showed a favorable benefit-to-risk safety profile. It is expected to be available in early 2023.
Ranibizumab (Lucentis®) was produced by Genentech, Inc to treat wet AMD. Since its inception, it has also been approved for DME, RVO, and myopic choroidal neovascularization (CNVM). Ranibizumab is a fragment of a recombinant humanized IgG1 kappa isotype monoclonal antibody fragment.
The fragment consists of a 48-kD Fab region of the A4.6.1 antibody, targeting VEGF121, VEGF165, and VEGF189. Without an Fc region, it is much smaller than the typical antibody allowing it to absorb into the retina more easily.
ANCHOR and MARINA were two-year clinical trial studies that evaluated the difference in treatment for wet AMD with 0.3 mg and 0.5 mg monthly injections of ranibizumab. The conclusion of the MARINA study indicated improvement of visual acuity with the prevention of vision loss. ANCHOR tested between ranibizumab versus verteporfin therapy.
Ranibizumab was shown to decrease the area of choroidal neovascularization, whereas verteporfin led to an increase in the area of choroidal neovascularization.
RISE and RIDE were double-masked studies in which 759 patients were randomized to receive a sham injection (control) or 0.3 mg and 0.5 mg monthly intravitreal injections of ranibizumab for diabetic macular edema. Patients in the treatment group showed significant improvements since enrollment in the study.
BRAVO and CRUISE were double-masked studies in which 789 patients were randomized to receive a sham injection (control) or 0.3 mg and 0.5 mg intravitreal injections of ranibizumab for retinal vein occlusion. BRAVO was used to assess branched retinal vein occlusion, while CRUISE was used to evaluate central retinal vein occlusion. Both studies established a significant improvement in the treatment of macular edema associated with retinal vein occlusion.
The patent for Ranibizumab expired in June 2020. Thus, several Ranibizumab biosimilars are on the horizon and are expected to be available in the United States soon. CHS-201 (FYB201) from Coherus BioSciences and BYOOVIZ (SB11) from Samsung Bioepis are two examples of Ranibizumab biosimilars being studied.
Aflibercept (Eylea®) made by Regeneron is another anti-VEGF treatment available. It is a recombinant fusion protein with human VEGF-1 and VEGF-2 Fab linked to an IgG1 Fc region delivered through intravitreal injection. Aflibercept serves as a decoy receptor to which VEGF-A and PIGF bind with greater affinity than their natural targets. This then inhibits any effect VEGF may have if bound to its innate receptor resulting in a decrease in angiogenesis and vascular permeability.
VIEW 1 and VIEW 2 were two double-masked, parallel-group, active-controlled phase 3 clinical trials in which 2,457 patients were randomized to test the efficacy of aflibercept for the treatment of neovascular AMD. Various doses of intravitreal aflibercept were compared to a standard 0.5mg intravitreal dose of ranibizumab. Results comparing the proportion of patients maintaining vision showed clinical equivalence between aflibercept and ranibizumab; however, aflibercept Q8 allowed for five fewer injections compared to ranibizumab Q4.
VIVID and VISTA were two double-masked, laser-controlled phase 3 studies in which 872 patients were randomized into either a laser control or aflibercept treatment group to test the efficacy of aflibercept for diabetic macular edema.
In the VIVID trial, administration of 2 mg q4 weeks and 2 mg q8 weeks showed a 32.4% and 33.3% improvement in gaining > 15 letters, respectively, whereas the laser control group had a 9.1% improvement at 52 weeks. At 100 weeks, administration of 2 mg q4 weeks and 2 mg q8 weeks showed a 38.2% and 31.1% improvement of gaining > 15 letters, respectively, whereas the laser control group had a 12.1% improvement.
In the VISTA trials, administration of 2 mg q4 weeks and 2 mg q8 weeks showed 41.6% and 31.1% improvement in gaining > 15 letters, whereas the laser control group had a 7.1% improvement at 52 weeks. At 100 weeks, administration of 2 mg q4 weeks and 2 mg q8 weeks showed a 38.3% and 33.1% improvement of gaining > 15 letters, respectively, whereas the laser control group had a 13.0% improvement.
COPERNICUS and GALILEO were two double-masked, sham-controlled phase 3 studies in which 361 patients were randomized in the two trials for the efficacy of aflibercept in treating macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion.
In the COPERNICUS trial, 2 mg q4 weeks administration showed a 56.1% increase of gaining > 15 ETDRS letters, whereas the sham control group had a 12.3 % improvement at 24 weeks. At 52 weeks, 2 mg q4 weeks administration showed a 55.3% increase in gaining > 15 ETDRS letters. From 24-52 weeks, the sham group then received 2 mg intravitreal aflibercept as needed, resulting in a 30.1% increase in gaining > 15 ETDRS letters.
Aflibercept’s patent expires in 2023, and thus biosimilars to this are being developed. SB15 from Samsung Bioepis, ABP938 from Amgen, SOK583A1 from Novartis, MYL-1701P from Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc are aflibercept-biosimilars being currently studied.
Brolucizumab (Beovu, Novartis)
Brolucizumab (Beovu® , Novartis) is a single-chain variable fragment that targets VEGF-A primarily. It was approved in October 2019 and is given as a 6mg intravitreal injection every 8 to 12 weeks. The treatment regimen begins with a 6 mg injection monthly for 3 months as a loading dose. In the HAWK and HARRIER (Efficacy and Safety of Brolucizumab Versus Aflibercept) trials, Brolucizumab demonstrated non-inferiority compared to aflibercept.
Brolucizumab also showed improved resolution (compared to aflibercept) in the intra-retinal and subretinal fluid, a marker for wet AMD progression. Brolucizumab’s most common side effects are elevated intraocular pressure, iritis, and uveitis, which are usually mild and self-limiting. However, the drug has the potential to cause more severe side effects.
Three trials, MERLIN, RAPTOR, and RAVEN, were discontinued due to a 9.3% intraocular inflammation rate seen in monthly injections after the loading dose. Novartis now recommends against injections less than 2 months apart after the loading period due to the risk of intraocular inflammation.
Faricimab (Vabysmo, Genentech)
Faricimab (Vabysmo®, Genentech) is a new FDA-approved anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody that inhibits VEGF-A and Ang-2. Preclinical studies showed a marked reduction in neovascularization, fibrosis, and inflammation.
Through its phase 3 clinical trials, TENAYA and LUCERNE, faricimab showed safety, efficacy, and noninferiority in the treatment of wet AMD when compared to aflibercept. The YOSEMITE, RHINE, and RHONE studies all showed the safety and effectiveness of faricimab in the treatment of DME.
In the extension studies, RHONE X for wet AMD has an expected end date of August 2023, and AVONELLE X for DME has August 2024. COMINO and BALATON trials are currently evaluating the effectiveness of faricimab in treating CRVO and BRVO, which will go on until its expected end during the fall of 2023.
Susvimo (Port Delivery System with ranibizumab, Genentech)
Susvimo™ (Port Delivery System with ranibizumab, Genentech) recently received FDA approval in early 2022. This method allows for a port delivery system to be surgically placed within the eye allowing for the continued delivery of the anti-VEGF agent into the vitreous, requiring refills of ranibizumab in the clinic up to every 6 months.
The implant showed promising results in the multicentered Phase III Archway study. Patients had improved vision and maintained that gain equivalent to monthly injections. These results were held after 72 weeks. 98% of patients with the implant could go through 6 months without supplemental injections.
The current challenge with the implant is the significantly higher risk (3-fold) of endophthalmitis. In addition, there was a higher risk of conjunctival retraction and erosion with Susvimo compared to monthly injections.
Three other current studies address the long-term safety and efficacy of the implant (Portal study), a 9-month refill interval (Velodrome), and an evaluation of the implant for diabetic macular edema and diabetic retinopathy.
A phase 2 clinical trial compared the effects of the port delivery system filled with ranibizumab doses (10mg/ml, 40mg/ml, and 10 mg/ml) with monthly intravitreal injections of 0.5mg ranibizumab. Compared to formulations, the port delivery system with 100 mg/ml has shown efficacious results and is well tolerated. Archway, a phase 3 clinical trial for the port delivery system of ranibizumab, demonstrated non-inferiority and equivalent efficacy compared to monthly injections.
The future of anti-VEGF
Beyond these approved and available medications, further medications are in the pipeline in the form of other intravitreal biosimilars, gene therapy (e.g. ADVM-022 by Adverum, RGX-314 by REGENXBIO), and sustained-release therapies. | <urn:uuid:fb7874fe-dacd-46de-8904-f92ebb58ece4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://eyesoneyecare.com/resources/anti-vegf-therapy-an-ophthalmology-residents-guide/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.926729 | 3,334 | 2.140625 | 2 |
Do You Need a Will?
By Todd Allen Elliott, Esquire
(Latest revision, 5/9/2010)
First of all it should be noted that there is more than one way to plan your estate. There are trusts and wills and insurance policies and annuities, etc. The next few paragraphs address what will likely happen if you are a Pennsylvania resident and you die without making a will or a trust or without creating any other vehicle or mechanism to handle your affairs and dispose of your property at the time of your death.
A common question is, “If I die without a will, will the state get to keep all of my assets?” In most cases the answer will be no, but read on!
If you die in PA without a will (or another estate planning document or strategy), then you have died “intestate”. If you die intestate, the laws of intestate secession (found at 20 Pa. C.S.A. § 2101 through 2110) will determine how your property is distributed after death. Although there are some exceptions, generally speaking, if you die and leave a spouse and children, your spouse will be entitled to the first $30,000.00 of your estate and 1⁄2 of your remaining estate. Your children would be entitled to the other 1⁄2 of your remaining estate (if you have surviving children who are not also your spouse’s children, your spouse will not be entitled to the first $30,000.00, but will only be entitled to 1⁄2 of your estate. Your surviving children will be entitled to the other half of your estate). If you die and leave a spouse and no surviving children, your spouse would still be entitled to the same share as above (1st $30,000.00 plus 1⁄2 of the remaining estate), but now your surviving parents would be entitled to the other 1⁄2 of your remaining estate. If you die and are survived by your spouse, but have neither surviving children nor surviving parents, then your surviving spouse will inherit your entire estate.
If you die without surviving children, surviving parents or a surviving spouse, then your estate would be divided between your siblings or their children. If you have no siblings at the time of your death and no spouse, no children and no parents, then your estate will pass to your surviving grandparents (maternal and paternal) or their children (or their children’s children). If you die without surviving children, a surviving spouse, surviving parents, or surviving grandparents, then your estate will go to your uncles and aunts or their surviving children or grandchildren. If none of the relatives listed above survive you, then the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania gets your estate.
A will is also very, very important if you have minor children. Without a will a court may have to step in and decide who will take care of your minor children if they are left alone. A will would give you an opportunity to appoint someone you trust for that very critical task. Some people don’t mind if their estate is divided up as described above or if the courts decide who will be their children’s custodian. If you have other ideas about how your assets should pass and who should raise your children if they lose you, then you should probably make a will. If you do have minor children (or minor grandchildren) when you pass, it is also important to use a Will to name the person or persons who will manage their inherited assets if they should lose you while they are still minors. You should probably also consider giving someone you trust power of attorney and making an advanced healthcare directive (Living Will).
I routinely encourage my clients to make at least a Will, a General Power of Attorney and an Advanced Healthcare Directive (Living Will). Having an Advanced Healthcare Directive is important because it tells loved ones and medical professionals what kind of treatment you want (or don’t want) if you should become incapacitated and unable to communicate your healthcare preferences. Having a General Power of Attorney in place allows someone you trust to step in and make financial decisions and other non-healthcare related decisions for you at times when you are unavailable or unable to make those choices yourself. The alternative to a having a valid Power of Attorney could very possibly be guardianship proceedings, which can be very costly and will require a court hearing to appoint someone to handle your affairs for you. Guardianship at today’s prices can easily cost between $3,000.00 and $4,000.00. If you give someone Power of Attorney, it may help to save you and your loved ones a much bigger headache and expense in the future.
If you have any questions about any of the above, need more information or would like to make an appointment, please call Elliott Legal Services at (610) 738-7016 or send us an e-mail at email@example.com. | <urn:uuid:96161603-4b47-4ba3-90ee-f377d415802b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.elliottlegalservices.com/wills | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573744.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819161440-20220819191440-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.951459 | 1,020 | 1.648438 | 2 |
More on Cotton Paper
Artists work on paper with a multitude of different media including graphite, charcoal, watercolour, inks, coloured pencil and pastels. Artist paper is acid-free which helps to optimise the structure of the paper, minimising deterioration over time including fading, yellowing, or even preventing the paper from falling apart. Cotton papers are considered the highest quality papers as they are acid-free, conservation quality and made of the strongest fibres. This is important to many artists as it allows them to erase repeatedly, lift colour with ease, and scrub and scratch, without holes tears and breaks appearing in the paper. Cotton papers are more expensive than the alternative wood-free paper, often a mix of cotton and lignin free cellulose fibres.
Founded in 1264, Cartiere Miliani Fabriano is the cradle of papermaking in Europe and their craftsmanship is evident in each of their products. | <urn:uuid:68119e30-8f97-4cd2-82f3-0a41cdfef865> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://artsavingsclub.co.za/product/tiepolo-100-cotton-paper-sheets-290gsm-pack-of-5-fabriano/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.955462 | 192 | 2.65625 | 3 |
The history of slavery is filled with accounts of horror, injustice and misery meted out by humans upon their fellow humans. One forgotten piece of this history has now emerged from 400-year-old documents rediscovered in the dusty archives of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, now a region of Italy.
In 1610, a group of enslaved Jewish women from Morocco was gang-raped in the slave prison of the bustling Renaissance port city of Livorno, says Tamar Herzig, a professor of early modern history at Tel Aviv University. The perpetrators were local Christian convicts sentenced to forced labor and enslaved Muslims who were held in the same facility, Herzig reports in a study published Tuesday in American Historical Review.
Even more shockingly, the historian discovered that the crime was planned and organized by the doctor who was in charge of the slaves’ safety, a man who was also the first mayor of Livorno and is still celebrated today as one of the city’s founding fathers.
And why did he do it? For money. In the subsequent outcry and investigation, the good doctor successfully defended himself by explaining that the rape was intended as a “lesson” for the local Jewish community, who had been too slow in paying the high ransom demanded for the freedom of the captured Jews.
Herzig’s discovery sheds light on the phenomenon of slavery in Christian and Muslim countries around the Mediterranean during the Renaissance and the early modern era, and especially on the oft forgotten Jewish and female victims of this brutal practice.
It also reminds us that the economic, artistic and scientific revival of the Renaissance – which was very much centered on Tuscany and its capital, Florence – was also fueled in part by money and labor gleaned from capturing and trading in human beings.
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During centuries of conflict between Christian and Muslim powers across Europe and the Mediterranean, corsairs from both sides would raid shipping and towns of the opposing side, enslaving any captured men, women and children, Herzig explains.
Scholars still debate how many people were caught up in the Mediterranean slave trade, which lasted roughly from 1500 to 1800. Estimates vary from a lower range of 3 million-5 million, to a ceiling of 6 million-7 million people, with a three-to-one ratio of Christian to Muslim slaves.
Mediterranean slavery differed radically from the transatlantic trade of enslaved Africans to the Americas, Herzig notes. Firstly, slaves in the Mediterranean did not go through the horrors of the Middle Passage, the long and often fatal crossing of the Atlantic that Africans were subjected to in their slavers’ ships. Christians and Muslims were also not as isolated from their countries of origin. Some, especially prominent captives, could be returned in prisoner exchanges or ransomed by relatives or a rich patron.
Finally, this kind of enslavement was usually predicated on religious, rather than racial, differences, meaning that slaves who converted to their captors’ religion could be freed, although owners were under no obligation to do so. Additionally, at least in central and northern Italy, the children born to slave women were baptized at birth, raised as free Catholics, and generally integrated into society, albeit sometimes as wards of the state.
“There was no multigenerational slavery of the kind we see in the Americas, which also means there were no ethno-religious communities that kept some kind of collective memory,” Herzig says. “That’s one of the reasons we know relatively little about these slaves.”
Despite the differences with the transatlantic trade and the brutalities of plantation labor in the Americas, Mediterranean slavery was no walk in the park. Fit men who were not ransomed or exchanged were used as forced laborers and rowers in the galleys that the two sides used in naval conflicts. Their life expectancy was usually between five and 10 years, Herzig says. Women and children were sold as domestic servants – an existence rife with abuse and sexual exploitation.
Records are spotty, and there are no broad estimates of how many Jews were enslaved, but there were certainly many thousands who fell in the hands of corsairs from either side, Herzig says. Jews who lived in Muslim lands were liberally enslaved by Christian forces, while those from Christendom were free game for the Barbary pirates of North Africa. Once taken, Jews were in a particularly vulnerable position. While Muslim and Christian powers could easily retaliate on their own enemy prisoners for any mistreatment of their people, Jews were at a higher risk of being abused or raped – since they had no political or military clout of their own, Herzig notes. Also, since most Christian and Muslim rulers were not particularly protective of their Jews, they were often excluded from prisoner exchange deals and their only chance at freedom was to be ransomed by relatives at home or by local the Jewish community.
This brings us to the events that occurred in Livorno (also called Leghorn in English).
A sadistic doctor
The story begins in the summer of 1610, when a ship of the Knights of St. Stephen brought to Livorno a group of 14 Jews they had captured between Tetouan, in Morocco, and Tunis. These knights were a religious military order founded by the powerful Medici family, which ruled over what was then the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. The knights were ostensibly charged with protecting shipping from the threat of North African pirates, but also engaged in their privateering against defenseless Muslim vessels.
Once they were placed in Livorno’s slave pen, the Moroccan Jews were questioned by the prison doctor, one Bernardetto Buonromei, whose job it was to decide the amount of money for which they could be ransomed or sold. Buonromei was considered an upstanding citizen, who had served for years as a doctor on the Tuscan galleys and had been Livorno’s first mayor when the recently constructed port town was recognized as a city by the grand duke in 1606.
Buonromei soon learned that the Jews of Tetouan were fleeing famine and a civil war that were ravaging Morocco at the time. They were destitute refugees with no assets or relatives who could pay their ransom.
Buonromei, who stood to receive a percentage of the ransom and had gotten extremely rich off the slave trade, did not take the news well, according to a subsequent probe ordered by the Grand Duke of Tuscany, Cosimo II de’ Medici.
“Doctor Bernardetto kicked the men and the women in the chest with his feet,” says the report of the investigation, which was published by Herzig. “He ordered the head shaving of the Jews and the smearing of their heads and their faces with salted pork meat.”
Next, Buonromei (sometimes spelled Borromei), contacted the leaders of the local Jewish community to see if they were interested in ransoming their coreligionists. This was not unusual, both in Livorno and elsewhere. Just in the Tuscan port, the inflow of Jewish captives had been increasing over the previous years: from around 20 in the last decades of the 16th century to more than 70 between 1607 and 1611, Herzig found.
The local Jews were a fairly prosperous community of traders and bankers who had moved to Livorno, lured by the promise of religious freedom granted by the Medicis, who were eager to attract business to their new port city. Because of the increasing number of captives, in 1606 the community had introduced a self-tax to create the Hevrat Pidyon Shevuyim (Hebrew for Society for the Redemption of Prisoners) to help Jewish slaves for whom no ransom was forthcoming.
When the prison’s doctor came knocking, however, the Jews apparently didn’t pay up quickly enough. Possibly the fund had been depleted by earlier redemptions, or perhaps the community’s leaders were reluctant to pay the high ransom that Buonromei demanded, lest this make Jews an even more desirable target for Christian pirates, Herzig speculates.
In any case, Buonromei’s response was swift and ruthless. While females of all confessions were habitually kept in separate quarters in the slave prison, he ordered that the Jewish women be placed in the dormitories of the men, so that they would be raped by the Christian and Muslim rowers stationed there. It is possible that the Muslim captives were particularly eager to participate in the gang rape as revenge for the involvement of Jews, in Livorno and the Mediterranean in general, in trading in Muslim slaves. Of course, Herzig adds, Jews were pushed into this trade because it was one of the few professions they were allowed to pursue, along with moneylending.
‘One lost her mind’
Buonromei’s actions were considered unacceptable even in a society that deemed slavery legal. Enslaved females were generally protected from rape, at least until they were ransomed or sold to a private individual, if anything because, in the heavily patriarchal societies of the time, sexual assault diminished a woman’s value in the eyes of a potential buyer or her own family.
“If you are waiting for a ransom, you want to get the highest possible amount of money and not upset the family or the community. So even if a rape happened it would not have been publicized,” Herzig tells Haaretz. “This is what is unique about this case: everybody in the city knew about it, because it was done to purposely shame the Jews.”
Indeed, the Jews of Livorno took the rape as a personal affront and wrote repeatedly to Cosimo II de’ Medici, asking him to remove and punish Buonromei. It was the discovery of these and other documents in the archives of Livorno and Florence that first put the Israeli historian on the case.
In their letters, the Jews tell the grand duke that the 14 captives from Tetouan were being subjected to “tortures and torments to which slaves are not subject in any part of the world and especially not in the state of His Most Serene Highness.”
Being more concerned with their own “humiliation” than with the fate of the actual victims, the Jews of Livorno don’t offer us much detail about the slaves from Tetouan. We don’t know how many of the 14 were women, or their names, or how long they were kept at the mercy of the enslaved rowers.
One of the petitions does mention that, as a result of the assault, one woman “lost her mind, and overcome by desperation threw her daughter from the window, and the girl’s life is in danger, and she wanted to do the same to the baby who is nursing at her breast had she not been impeded.” The woman had her hands and feet bound and was committed to a hospital.
For his part, Cosimo ordered the abovementioned investigation by a local governor, which ascertained the truth of the events. In letters to the grand duke, Buonromei himself didn’t deny the accusations, but defended his conduct, saying that he was accused simply because he was considered “too severe in attaining the interest of Your Most Serene Highness.”
Buonromei presented the rape as something that in the future would ensure the payment of ransom by Livorno’s affluent Jews, Herzig says. The grand duke clearly agreed with this economic rationale, as he did not punish Buonromei – or the slaves who perpetrated the rape. Cosimo continued to support the doctor, even paying for the bust statue that still adorns his burial chapel in Livorno’s cathedral.
Buonromei, who died around 1616, was later also honored by having a city street named after him. He continues to be celebrated today, with actors playing him in pageants that commemorate Livorno’s founding, Herzig says.
The dark side of the Renaissance
Buonromei’s legacy is not the only reminder of Livorno’s and Tuscany’s past entanglement with slavery. Perhaps the best known memento is the city’s most famous landmark, sculptor Pietro Tacca’s Monument of the Four Moors.
Commissioned by Cosimo, it shows his father and predecessor, Grand Duke of Tuscany Ferdinand I de’ Medici, towering over four chained captured enemy pirates of African and Middle Eastern descent. (The statue has recently become a focal point for local protests in solidarity with the Black Lives Matter movement.)
But while the acts of reciprocal enslavement by Christian and Muslim powers have been relatively well explored by scholars, the discovery of Buonromei’s actions sheds some light on the unique experience of Jewish captives, and in particular of women, whose stories are rarely preserved in the historical record, Herzig notes. It also paints a darker picture of Renaissance Tuscany and its Medici rulers, more often seen as enlightened sovereigns and patrons of the arts. Yet when it came to protecting their business interests, they quickly sided with someone who clearly viewed Jews as chattel.
Slavery was a “constant presence” in the lives of Jewish communities in the Mediterranean in that period, says Anna Foa, a retired professor of modern history at La Sapienza University in Rome and an expert on the history of Italian Jews. In fact, there are accounts of Jews landing at the port of Genoa, in northern Italy, after their expulsion from Spain in 1492 and selling some of their children into slavery to save the rest of the family from starvation, Foa notes.
Despite this long history, the state-sanctioned mass rape that Herzig uncovered is an “unusual” occurrence, not because of any moral qualms people may have felt at the time, but because it reduced the value of the female captives, says Foa, who did not take part in Herzig’s study.
“Because it is so anomalous, this extraordinary discovery tells us a lot about the story of Jews in Italy, about the power dynamics in their relationships with the various Italian states and about slavery in the Mediterranean in general,” she tells Haaretz.
As for the victims of Buonromei’s plot, their fate remains unknown to us. The women from Tetouan may have been part of a group of more than 30 Jewish slaves who were ransomed in Livorno in 1611. If they were indeed freed, they would likely still have faced scorn and possibly repudiation by their husbands and families over the rape, Herzig says.
If they were not redeemed, the women’s fate would have been likely worse. They would have been sold into a life of servitude, and any children resulting from the rape (or any subsequent assault) would have been baptized and separated from them if the mothers did not convert as well.
“Writing about the rape of female slaves, who could not leave behind testimonies of their abuse, is a tremendous responsibility,” Herzig concludes in her study. “Reconstructing the human suffering that Buonromei unleashed, and then strove to consign to oblivion, aims at providing a counter-narrative to the one he wished to create by silencing his victims.” | <urn:uuid:bc846816-ace0-42a9-8715-3c1034b20014> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.haaretz.com/archaeology/2022-04-28/ty-article/gang-rape-of-jewish-slave-women-in-medieval-italy-exposed-by-archaeologists/00000180-66ec-d5b7-a3e3-f7fd6d950000 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.981407 | 3,275 | 3.375 | 3 |
The food industry is ready to work with the Government on further ways of tackling the obesity epidemic, says FGC Chief Executive Katherine Rich.
She was commenting on a report quoting Health Minister David Clark that he had no plans for a sugar tax, but was instead focused on working with industry to develop new voluntary measures to reduce the sugar content of products.
“This is great news, because now everyone can concentrate on developing methods that work best to reduce the rate of obesity – like education – rather than wasting time talking about things don’t work, like a tax,” Mrs Rich said.
“They haven’t worked anywhere in the world they have been tried, and they won’t work in New Zealand. NZIER’s recent report to the Ministry of Health makes that very clear.
“The industry is ready and willing to work with the Government to find ways to help New Zealanders eat healthier, and a big part of that is continuing to reformulate and innovate to develop foods and beverages with less sugar and increase the offerings of low- and no-sugar options.
“Our member companies are very responsive to consumers, and the No 1 consumer trend over the past five years has been for food and drinks that are lower sugar, as well as salt and fat.
“As a result, there are more low- or no-sugar products on the market now than at any time in our history, and that work continues, with sugar reduction programmes for current products and new product development.
“It’s distressing to hear Diabetes NZ talk about how diabetes diagnoses are increasing at a rate of 7 per cent a year, and that there are 250,000 diagnosed type 2 diabetics in New Zealand, and possibly a further 100,000 undiagnosed or pre-diabetic.
“Industry is determined to be part of the solution to turn those figures around.” | <urn:uuid:161b9c16-f0c2-47cc-b47d-7f7aa902878d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fgc.org.nz/industry-to-work-with-govt-as-sugar-tax-off-table/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.966655 | 401 | 2.140625 | 2 |
The Starbucks Theory
Going slow in the age of fast. Why Starbucks Coffee, Instagram and Steve Jobs all understand the importance of handcrafted quality.
On my desk sits a Starbucks cup – Tall, Half-Caf, No Foam, One Sugar Pack Latte. It’s a mouthful, but here’s the point: when was the last time you got a Latte in less than 20 seconds? Never. And if you did, it was probably a bad tasting cup of coffee.
Here’s the main idea: You want your barista to go slow when they make your coffee. Why? Because it makes you feel like someone spent time on that item. It is a perception of what we think someone else did for us. They put effort into that item. They spent a good amount of time making sure that product had just the right chemistry.
A cup of coffee from Starbucks is a handcrafted experience.
Ask any teenager if they would want to share multi-photo albums on Instagram, and they wouldn’t understand you. The special thing about Instagram is that they focus on one photo at a time. Every single photo is a piece of handcrafted excellence. When you view an Instagram photo, you know the photo is the best photo of many photos. The user chose to upload that specific photo and spent a good amount of time picking a filter and editing it. Just like the Starbucks coffee, an edited photo on Instagram looks like valuable time was spent on it. We are given the feeling that someone else did this for us. They put effort into that photo. Instagram is meant to be slow, not fast, so you can value each photo’s quality.
A photo on Instagram is a handcrafted experience.
Just like Starbucks and Instagram, Jobs understood the value of handcrafted excellence in the age of shortcuts. If you ever buy an Apple product, opening the box is an experience in itself. In some respect, the box is just as engineered as the computer. Every nook of the packaging was handcrafted. It is the perception that someone else put effort into something for us. Unlike other companies, the products come fully charged in the packaging. The materials used are expensive, but it gives you the feeling that the designers and builders didn’t rush the experience.
A Steve Jobs product is a handcrafted experience.
Is fast really better? Going slow may be the key to success, in an age where everyone is obsessed with going fast.
Make a note, recommend it, and tweet it. Thanks. | <urn:uuid:c318499a-631f-4987-96ea-67c9cd5bbfa2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://medium.com/@kylry/the-starbucks-theory-9b9b8a76cca5 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.963151 | 530 | 1.992188 | 2 |
In the wake of the great financial crisis it can sometimes be difficult for Intelligent Investors to find a solid financial company in which to invest, because they require specific achievements over the historical period.  Many investors may simply decide to throw out the worst years with the rationale that they are outliers that shouldn’t be considered when evaluating the company’s prospects, but doing so would involve speculation.  We don’t know whether the financial crisis will happen again, but we do know that if it does, we can expect to see similar results as we did before.  By continuing to require the same standards for the historical period, Intelligent Investors are able to widdle down banks to only those with the best financial position, and then they are able to determine an intrinsic value to get a sense of whether the company is a good investment.  In addition, a company must have strong financial statements to prove that it is stable enough for Intelligent Investors.  This is best done by utilizing a systematic approach to analysis that will provide investors with a sense of how a specific company compares to another company.  By using the ModernGraham method one can review a company’s historical accomplishments and determine an intrinsic value that can be compared across industries.  What follows is a specific look at how U.S. Bancorp (USB) fares in the ModernGraham valuation model.
Company Profile (obtained from Google Finance): U.S. Bancorp (U.S. Bancorp) is a multi-state financial services holding company. U.S. Bancorp provides a range of financial services, including lending and depository services, cash management, foreign exchange and trust and investment management services. It also engages in credit card services, merchant and automated teller machine (ATM) processing, mortgage banking, insurance, brokerage and leasing. The Company operates in five segments: Wholesale Banking and Commercial Real Estate, Consumer and Small Business Banking, Wealth Management and Securities Services, Payment Services and Treasury and Corporate Support. U.S. Bancorp’s banking subsidiaries are engaged in the general banking business, principally in domestic markets. In June 2014, the Company acquired Charter One’s retail branch network, as well as small business operations and select middle market client relationships.
Defensive Investor – must pass all 6 of the following tests: Score = 5/6
- Adequate Size of Enterprise – market capitalization of at least $2 billion – PASS
- Earnings Stability – positive earnings per share for at least 10 straight years – PASS
- Dividend Record – has paid a dividend for at least 10 straight years – PASS
- Earnings Growth – earnings per share has increased by at least 1/3 over the last 10 years using 3 year averages at beginning and end of period – FAIL
- Moderate PEmg ratio – PEmg is less than 20 – PASS
- Moderate Price to Assets – PB ratio is less than 2.5 or PB x PEmg is less than 50 – PASS
Enterprising Investor – must pass all 3 of the following tests or be suitable for a defensive investor: Score = 3/3
- Earnings Stability – positive earnings per share for at least 5 years – PASS
- Dividend Record – currently pays a dividend -Â PASS
- Earnings growth – EPSmg greater than 5 years ago – PASS
|Value Based on 3% Growth||$40.90|
|Value Based on 0% Growth||$23.98|
|Market Implied Growth Rate||3.33%|
Balance Sheet – 3/31/2014
Earnings Per Share
Earnings Per Share – ModernGrahamÂ
U.S. Bancorp is suitable for the Enterprising Investor as the company passes all of the investor type’s requirements, but is not suitable for the Defensive Investor as it has shown insufficient growth in earnings over the last ten years.  As a result, Enterprising Investors following the ModernGraham approach based on Benjamin Graham’s methods should feel comfortable proceeding with further research into the company and comparing it to other opportunities through a review of ModernGraham’s valuation of Fifth Third Bancorp (FITB) and ModernGraham’s valuation of JP Morgan Chase (JPM).  From a valuation side of things, the company appears undervalued after growing its EPSmg (normalized earnings) from $1.66 in 2010 to an estimated $2.82 for 2014.  This level of demonstrated growth outpaces the market’s implied estimate of 3.33% earnings growth and leads the ModernGraham valuation model, which is based on Benjamin Graham’s formula, to return an estimate of intrinsic value well above the market price.
Be sure to check out the previous ModernGraham valuations of U.S. Bancorp (USB) for more perspective!
The next part of the analysis is up to individual investors, and requires discussion of the company’s prospects.  What do you think?  What value would you put on U.S. Bancorp (USB)?  Where do you see the company going in the future?  Is there a company you like better?  Leave a comment on our Facebook page or mention @ModernGraham on Twitter to discuss.
Disclaimer: Â The author did not hold a position in U.S. Bancorp (USB)Â or any of the other companies listed in this article at the time of publication and had no intention of changing that position within the next 72 hours. Â Logo taken from the Wikipedia; this article is not affiliated with the company in any manner. | <urn:uuid:4d5b24ae-443f-480b-ae3a-ae78f189fc3a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.moderngraham.com/page/2/?s=USB | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.891508 | 1,493 | 1.757813 | 2 |
Belgian Fries – Belgium’s Intangible Cultural Heritage
- Published: Wednesday, 08 May 2019 13:32
She started with a short historical review, where we learned that the first fries were prepared at the end of the 17th century in the Maas region. Originally, small fish were fried, then later the slices of potatoes that became the national dish of Belgium: fries.
Original Belgian fries are prepared from specific types of potatoes and carefully selected fats and enjoy great popularity everywhere in Belgium. Myriam vividly explained how fries are made. In addition to mayonnaise, up to 50 other sauces may be used.
Incidentally, the first „Frittenbuden“ or fries stands already existed in the 19th century. Today there are about 5000 in Belgium, which explains why that country produces the most fries in the world.
Myriam’s talk led to an interesting discussion among the 30 members present. We thanked her with applause for her presentation. | <urn:uuid:56224dea-5821-4618-ade4-f0240c111478> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://int-club-juelich.de/index.php/en/activities/reports/460-french-fries-a-cultural-heritage-of-belgium | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.960521 | 206 | 2.921875 | 3 |
The beginning of autumn, is one of the 24 solar terms.
Autumn is the thirteenth throttle in 24 solar terms, is autumn solar terms.
Beginning of autumn generally indicated at the end of the hot summer, the autumn is coming.
The beginning of autumn,
After settling the next rain cool time, so have a cold rain 'a'.
Do you want to know the beginning of autumn should pay attention to what?
Please follow the below simple to understand.
Autumn begins to pay attention to what nutrition experts caution that the beginning of autumn season, the weather turn cold start by heat, this season, the public should remember that little simba much acid in the diet on principle, to sponsorship of liver.
The first affiliated hospital of tianjin medical university, director of the nutrition yan-ling li said that autumn will try to eat less green onion, ginger, garlic, leek, pepper and other symplectic flavor of the product and spicy, Fried, wine and dry puffed food such as taste, appropriate eating sour fruits and vegetables to sponsorship of liver.
People with weak spleen and stomach, indigestion, can take the spleen to fill the stomach is a the lotus seeds, yam, lentils and other food.
The beginning of autumn also corresponding day shift people's career.
Since the beginning of autumn to warm the stomach beginning of autumn all childish harvest season, is also the body Yang Yin long work crossing the era, and thus, the spring keep fit has been has not the main content of negligence.
The most easy to make even made the autumn, the fan is picked up.
Owing to a rain a cold, so ten autumn rain wear cotton.
The day is cold, also be careful the millennium not dew, the wineries around water less, people think that the beginning of autumn washing stomach, don't push long prickly heat stomach.
Are not check the mean, the ancients thought that appropriate charge should not be scattered, autumn when remember don't eat spicy, autumn autumn food lung;
Should also be early sat and stop, take a chicken, sit in which early sun be the spirit of convergence, check for early lung qi to stretch, so didn't accord with the spring keep fit.
The beginning of autumn spread of proportion of fortifications.
Modern agriculture society, the farmer for the beginning of autumn esteem level as the work day.
Due to lightning fall, winter half closed, beginning of autumn sunny day, farmers don't have to force.
It is a state autumn if hear the thunder, workers do objects will DuanShou;
If the set set autumn sky and, a good harvest, can instantly fertility.
Also, sooner or later, the beginning of autumn in the main, in autumn, all autumn everything up in June.
After the beginning of autumn it rains or not can not be more careless, the beginning of autumn rain, all the beginning of autumn rains all sorrow, because the beginning of autumn autumn no rain is empty, everything has a half closed.
The first is climate change brought about by the beginning of autumn.
Beginning from the day, the air crisp, the moon majesty muddy, the temperature gradually to land, as a proverb says: majesty to the date of beginning of autumn cold, made the autumn morning, cold at night.
But there is a big difference between the beginning of autumn again sooner or later, the so-called fresh early beginning of autumn, late autumn warm dead cattle, is equal to the people not for the beginning of autumn blind pessimism, is the beginning of autumn in that time, there are & # 39;
The tiger & # 39;
Is a head.
Reality, is the biggest baby beginning of autumn fell warm rain, autumn before settling a rain, white containing successively a majesty, it is people temporary check summary of the solution theory.
Autumn rain is undoubtedly farewell of our own, beginning of autumn rain people rejoice, the limit of heat ten thousand rain, in reasonable condition, beginning of autumn the limit of heat with head, seems as long as three years it was less rain, not only rain, sometimes get ray, this represents the beginning of autumn 'thunder, see one hundred - day cream.
Beginning of autumn to nourishing the stomach every fall passed after the beginning of autumn rain, the temperature is lower amplitude, a rain was there a cold.
And yes, but no rain after the beginning of autumn mark it even before the autumn the winter wind rain immediately, autumn winter wind without a drop of water, the effect of the rectangular is also manifested: the beginning of autumn have no YuQiu do warm, beginning of autumn have YuQiu fall down.
From there can see, autumn is a harvest, autumn is not cold, so-called seeds without yellow, beginning of autumn yellow around ten days, beginning of autumn 18 days inch grass all solution of bottom, a golden autumn is coming.
Is the time, at least have the plan to the even works: the beginning, eggplant, beginning of autumn eat eggplant;
The beginning of autumn buckwheat contains white flowers, cold including wild buckwheat received;
Beginning of autumn to pick a Chinese prickly ash, the millennium was walnut, frost picked persimmon, the beginning of winter to tara, together to enjoy the joy of harvest, also want to control better career beat: beginning of autumn slow walk in July, beginning of autumn rate go in June, beginning of autumn to take rest, also accept 35 bucket.
For out in seeding time, after the beginning of autumn also need to be careful: head up two beans, sesame millet class later after the beginning of autumn;
Beginning of autumn cotton GuanJia, training cannot little;
The beginning of autumn class sesame, don't die of old age and spend.
Relevant tags: medical cotton swabs | <urn:uuid:f657ffa0-0eac-46d4-9bb6-713f88a68eb9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.huiya760.com/we-pay-attention-to-the-beginning-of-autumn.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.923266 | 1,240 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Applications of Nature-inspired Computing and Optimization Techniques
- Dr. Anupam Biswas, National Institute of Technology Silchar, India (Email: email@example.com)
- Dr. Alberto Paolo Tonda, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France (Email: firstname.lastname@example.org)
- Dr. Ripon Patgiri, National Institute of Technology Silchar, India (Email: email@example.com)
- Dr. Krishn Kumar Mishra, MNNIT, Prayagraj, India (Email: firstname.lastname@example.org)
About the Book
Applications of Nature-inspired Computing and Optimization Techniques (ANOT2022) is an edited book (multi-authored book) to be published at Advances in Computers, Elsevier book series (Approved). Applications of nature-inspired optimization algorithms have grown manifold in recent years. Interdisciplinary application domains covering almost all engineering and science disciplines. This book comprises major problems in application domains such as Electrical and power systems, Electronics and communication engineering, Mechanical and Civil engineering, Machine learning, Deep learning, Robotics and Expert Systems, Social media, Pattern recognition, Speech processing, Image processing, Bioinformatics and bio-medical engineering, Manufacturing and Operation Research. The book primarily focuses on the practical challenges that are faced while applying nature-inspired algorithms to any specific problem, which include the feasibility of the problem, control parameters and constraints, representation of solution space and designing of objective function.
Topics include, but not limited to…
- Bio-inspired algorithms: Genetic algorithm, Particle swarm optimization, Ant colony optimization, Cuckoo search, Bacterial foraging, Flower pollination Algorithm, Firefly algorithms, Environment adaptation method, Differential evolution, Artificial bee colony, Teaching learning based optimization, Moth-flame optimization, Grey wolf optimizer, Glowworm swarm optimization, Self-Organizing Migrating Algorithm and many others.
- Physics and Chemistry inspired algorithms: Atom Stabilization Algorithm, Big bang-big crunch, Central force optimization, Charged system search, Atom stabilization algorithm, Electro-magnetism optimization, Galaxy-based search algorithm, Gravitational search, Harmony Search, Intelligent water drop, River formation dynamics, Simulated Annealing, Stochastic diffusion search, Spiral optimization and others.
- Application areas: Major optimization problems of Electrical and power systems, Electronics and communication engineering, Mechanical and Civil engineering, Machine learning, Deep learning, Robotics and Expert Systems, Social media, Pattern recognition, Speech processing, Image processing, Bioinformatics and biomedical engineering, Manufacturing and Operation Research.
Tentative Schedule and Submission Link
|Abstract Submission:||15 July, 2022|
|Abstract Notification:||25 July, 2022|
|Full Chapter Submission:||30 September, 2022|
|Full Chapter Notification:||31 October, 2022|
All papers must be original and not simultaneously submitted to another journal or conference. The following paper categories are welcome:
- All chapters must be original and not simultaneously submitted to another book, journal or conference.
- Chapters should not exceed similarity of 10% excluding references.
- Chapter length 25 pages (single column).
- Chapters should be formatted using Elsevier docx template https://www.elsevier.com/__data/promis_misc/FINE_FinalTemplate.doc or overleaf template https://www.overleaf.com/latex/templates/elsevier-article-elsarticle-template/vdzfjgjbckgz
All accepted book chapters will be published in Advances in Computers Elsevier book series (Approved). This series is indexed in SCI, SCOPUS, Web of Science, DBLP, SCImago.
No publication charge. | <urn:uuid:ef99a474-6705-41ba-acd5-393669c788b9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://cs.nits.ac.in/nature-inspired-optimization/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.773387 | 849 | 2.328125 | 2 |
- CA BWGPL GJ-HB-2017-03-28-02
Part of George Jackson fonds
The original building located at 4 Holland St. West (on the southwest corner of Holland and Simcoe Streets) was built in the 1840’s and was situated on land originally owned by James Drury. He was one of the early immigrants who reached Upper Canada. Drury rented the corner lot to Thomas Driffill (a blacksmith), who opened a hardware store at that location. The lot was later sold to Robert Cooke, who leased the property to Driffill for another 20 years. Thomas Driffill became the village of Bradford’s first reeve when it was incorporated in 1857. The great fire of 1871 destroyed all but the building’s foundation. It was rebuilt incorporating the intact, old vault and locally-made bricks. Thomas Driffill bought the building in 1885, eventually retired, and left the business to his sons, Joseph and James, who eventually sold it to Andrew Thompson, Driffill's partner. It became Thompson's Hardware. A series of different owners and different types of enterprises followed. William Barron bought the building in 1946 and relocated his hardware business to this site. He made several renovations, including adding a new stone façade, new plate glass windows, and an elevator to facilitate deliveries to the tinsmithing shop upstairs. He retired and left the business to his son Norman. The building later became a motorcycle shop, and eventually, for several years, the Winchester Arms Restaurant. (1, 2, 4, “Four Holland Street West: A Short History” by Lorraine Philip - Bradford West Gwillimbury Public Library, Local History Collection). | <urn:uuid:42b23e38-d49e-42ed-aeff-83cabb002fd0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://archives.bradford.library.on.ca/index.php/barrons-dominion-hardware | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.97474 | 365 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Internet marketing has become extensively popular with marketers. This is because Internet marketing has become a versatile tool: you can speak with more people all over the world and get your message across to them relatively quickly. You can have your pick of different media online so that you can better tailor your message to fit the needs and desires of as many people as possible. You can post advertisements through plain text, banner ads, animation, video, and sound. There are many ways to reach out to people and you can choose games, short stories, poetry, or images. Indeed, Internet marketing has been so popular, people have often forgotten that the main audience of the Internet is still people. This means that every kind of Internet marketing must have a social aspect to it. true, you can reach out to people by writing content that touches hearts, have banner ads that feature heartwarming images, animation that is fun and humorous, videos that are of high quality and featuring people that have a lot in common with your customers, and sound bytes that can help your customers get closer to you. However, there is nothing like real brick-and-mortar networking, and nothing like meeting people face to face in order to establish connections. How might you benefit from real social networking, when there are wider networks online, such as FaceBook and MySpace?
First of all, you are not sure about the identities of members of social networks. True, a social network can be a great place to generate viral marketing, but you will eventually have to meet with people in order to put up your business. Second, people will still want to meet you in order to gauge if you are to be trusted, so why wait? Start looking for a place to meet people that you might be interested in working with, or he might be interested in your products and services.
The best place for you to start is at a convention or at a speaking event, where people who are interested in the same thing congregate and have a good number of meals together. When at a convention or a speaking event, be gregarious but not overbearing. Shake people?s hands firmly, introduce yourself in a clear voice, and be polite. Do not interrupt conversations, and do not claim to know everything or put on airs; at the same time, do not be too humble or quiet.
Walk around, know people, and ask questions: this way, you will know more about people and see how well you can convince them to either join your prospective company or visit your website. If you are in a circle of people, try to draw quiet people into a conversation. Always have your business cards handy, and bring at least twice the number you need when you go to a convention. On your business card, have your name printed out, along with one contact number, a professional contact email, and the URL of your website. Present your business card midway through a conversation, when you have successfully introduced yourself and made known your career or what exactly it is you do. By presenting your business card immediately, you may appear to be presumptuous, so establish your reputation first. First impressions count for a good deal, so be gentle but fierce, and be friendly and open to people.
These are only a few tips that you may want to follow when doing brick-and-mortar social networking. If you are able to meet up with people and be the best person face-to-face, you can be easily trusted online.
Howard Martell is the Owner of http://HomeProfitCoach.com/topnotch . Check us out anytime for marketing tips and a free subscription to our cutting edge newsletter. | <urn:uuid:a4d293ea-6980-451d-b96e-814080e974f0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.homeprofitcoach.com/index.php/2019/08/30/brick-and-mortar-marketing-networking-with-people-at-speaking-events/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.967359 | 743 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Sustainability should start in the design phase. When engineers consider environmental impact during product design, they may be able to avoid toxic materials, reduce solvent and water use, improve energy efficiency during manufacturing, and make it easier to recover components at the end of the product’s life.
But a design cannot be realized if the chosen materials, chemicals, and components are not readily available on the market. Companies throughout the semiconductor manufacturing supply chain can work together to develop suites of products that are compatible with one another and offer more environmentally friendly options.
Scope 3 Emissions
The ultimate measure of sustainability is greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. GHG emissions cover three scopes (see the first post in this series). Companies can reduce Scope 1 emissions by changing internal practices. They can power their buildings with solar or wind energy to reduce Scope 2 emissions. These changes will cost time and money, but it is not too difficult to determine how to proceed and to measure the results.
Scope 3 emissions — those from the supply chain — are much harder to grasp. Merely contemplating the supply chain brings up vexing questions:
- How far upstream and downstream does a company need to go to find all sources of GHG emissions from its suppliers and their customers?
- What is a manufacturer to do if its suppliers do not provide emissions data?
- How can a company account for what happens to its products once they are no longer under its control?
Life Cycle Assessment
A life cycle assessment (LCA) gives a comprehensive evaluation of a product’s environmental impact. When done correctly, LCAs calculate the impact of all the materials that go into making a product, the manufacturing process, transportation, use over the product’s lifetime, and eventual disposal or reuse.
While LCAs are comprehensive, they are time-consuming and expensive. In the case of semiconductor chips, the complex manufacturing process and extensive supply chain make LCA analysis both extremely involved and potentially valuable.
Before making the investment, companies should decide what they plan to do with the data. LCAs can be used to compare two or more options when choosing a supplier, though in some cases a simpler approach might suffice. But an LCA might identify unseen opportunities to make a serious dent in GHG emissions or other environmental impacts.
Supplier Codes of Conduct
Where does your company stand in the supply chain? If you make raw materials, process chemicals, electronic components, or circuit boards, your customers probably require you to adhere to a Code of Conduct. Such codes go beyond merely meeting local laws and regulations in the countries where suppliers operate.
Some original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and integrated device manufacturers (IDMs) only buy from suppliers that belong to the electronics industry’s Responsible Business Alliance (RBA). Others maintain independent guidelines.
Members of the RBA, which calls itself the “World’s largest industry coalition dedicated to corporate social responsibility in global supply chains,” must agree to adopt its Code of Conduct. The 15-page document outlines expectations for worker health and safety, ethical business practices, and environmental responsibility.
The various sections of the Code are interconnected. Mishandling of toxic chemicals, for example, endangers workers and pollutes the environment. Protecting employees, customers, and the local community from the risk of exposure is a minimum requirement for ethical behavior.
Companies often create policies and practices to meet a customer’s requirements. But they can also pass responsible practices upstream by auditing their supplier’s operations. The further upstream, the better.
“ASE also encourages suppliers to require their suppliers, contractors, services providers and subcontractors to adopt and comply with this Code.”—ASE Supplier Code of Conduct
IDMs and OEMs are putting more pressure on their suppliers to help make their products more environmentally friendly. If your company makes a product that allows your customers to reduce their carbon footprint, that is an advantage worth promoting. It might make the difference between securing a contract and letting it go to a competitor.
You can educate your customers about the most environmentally responsible way to use your products. If your product is compatible with processing at a lower temperature than standard industry practice, for example, the customer will save energy. But they will only reduce their operating temperature if they are assured that performance will not suffer.
Suppliers that go beyond minimum requirements have the opportunity for public recognition. Some manufacturers award suppliers that excel. One example is Intel’s Supplier Continuous Quality Improvement Program Awards.
The Issue of Location
The geographical location of your facilities and those of your customers and suppliers make a difference in social and environmental impact. Location considerations affect:
- Regulations—labor and environmental laws vary around the globe
- Resources—the availability of renewable energy sources and water supplies varies
- Transportation—the further parts and materials need to travel, the more detrimental to the environment
There are many benefits to diversifying your supply chain or helping your customers diversify theirs. In short, diversifying helps mitigate risk. Developing relationships with multiple suppliers gives IDMs and OEMs more flexibility if a natural disaster affects one of their sources.
Companies that run manufacturing lines can benefit from multiple production locations if the volume warrants it. Facilities in North America and Asia, for example, can exclusively serve customers in those parts of the world. Transportation-associated GHG emissions go down, and it is easier to comply with local regulations.
Locating production near your customer’s sites also improves efficiency. Facilities can run more efficiently when supplies are readily available nearby and shipping delays are minimized.
The Bottom Line
Companies must look beyond their own operations when considering their environmental impact. Conducting an LCA will yield a wealth of data, but there might be simpler steps you can take immediately. Conversations between departments at your company, with suppliers, and with customers are a good place to start. | <urn:uuid:dc10741d-0b22-43d3-85e3-a503d79a2bb6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.3dincites.com/2021/08/sustainability-101-the-product-lifecycle-sustainability-and-the-supply-chain/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.934249 | 1,211 | 3.359375 | 3 |
How many of us, as adults, can claim a healthy sense of wonder?
Increasingly in our society skepticism, doubt, division, anger and frustration cloud our days. Political angst and the craving for an elusive COVID-19 vaccine are at the forefront of our minds.
On this Ash Wednesday, make a personal pledge to practice WONDER for the upcoming forty days until the ultimate wonder of Easter. Take a step back and try this Bryan lesson today, this week, this month and let it become habit.
Today we took the opportunity between snowstorms to travel to Longwood Gardens. Bryan came along as his work days have been scaled back.
Walking through the Conservatory’s winding paths, I watched Bryan as he savored the wonder of nature. Cellphone at the ready, he snapped countless pictures and took a video of the indoor water wall.
What a feast for the eye – bursts of colorful blooms at every bend in the path! Combinations never found in nature co-extisting beautifully in this indoor retreat – succulents, tropical plants, orchids and spring bulbs bloomed abundantly.
Serenity and calm flowed over us as we enjoyed the water features rippling by. Bryan sat still in a chair in the sun just to listen.
The fresh scents of roses, narcissus, daffodils, lilies, orchids, and grass were overwhelming. Bryan stopped frequently to savor their heady smell, exclaiming enthusiastically as he moved along.
Let us strive to put the childlike sense of wonder back into to our lives. Even though we are now limited in our travels, find wonder in the number and variety of bird species in your backyard. Be awed by a leafless tree with a stately silhouette. Look for signs of emerging spring bulbs popping through thawing earth. Listen for the birdsong to increase each early morning at sunrise.
Re-cultivate that sense of wonder that you had as a child which Bryan innately feels. Begin today. | <urn:uuid:c8d5e7c2-5715-4ee1-9543-baef9274befb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bryanspeak.com/2021/02/17/wonder/?replytocom=8 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.959296 | 420 | 1.867188 | 2 |
Arrest Under CrPC
Arrest in the legal sense under CrPC means taking into custody of another person under the authority of law for the purpose of holding and detaining him to answer a criminal charge and preventing the commission of an offence.
Section 46 of CrPC prescribes the mode of the arrest. The words ‘arrest’ and ‘custody’ are not synonyms. In every arrest, there is custody, but vice versa is not true.
According to this section, an arrest of a person consists (except in the case of submission) of the actual seizure or touching of the body of a person with a view to his detention.
In Birendra Kr Rai vs UOI, 1992, the Supreme Court held that it is not necessary to handcuff a person. But could be completed even by spoken words if a person submits to the custody.
Arrest without a warrant (Section 41 CrPC).
The provisions of Section 50 of CrPC are mandatory. Where a person is arrested without any warrant, he should be immediately informed of the particulars of the offence and ground of his arrest, and where the offence is bailable, it is his right to be released on bail.
Search of the Arrested Person.
Section 51 of CrPC makes provision regarding the search of the arrested person and making an inventory of the articles found upon him.
Kasturi Lal vs the State of UP, 1965
It was held that when a person is arrested on suspicion that he was carrying stolen property and the property found on the search is seized, such seizure shall be reported to a magistrate.
Mahadev vs the State of Uttar Pradesh
Taking of signature of the person searched on the memo of the recovery list is not required by this section. And even if the recovery memo is not signed by the accused, then the search is not illegal.
Section 53 of CrPC provides that a medical examination will be done at the request of a police officer, not below the rank of Sub Inspector (S.I).
Anil A Lokhande vs the State of Maharashtra, 1981
Supreme Court held that if it is necessary for doing justice, then police officer or court can exercise such power.
Explanation: Here examination means: Examination of blood, blood stains, semen, swabs in case of sexual offences, sputum, hair samples, sweat, fingernail clippings by using modern and scientific techniques.
> Swab- an absorbent pad or piece of material used in surgery and medicine to clean wounds, apply the medication, or take specimens.
> Sputum- a mixture of saliva and mucus coughed up from the respiratory tract.
With the scientific advancements in India, DNA Profiling also comes under the ambit of examination under section 53.
Examination of the Person Accused of Rape by a Medical Practitioner (on Request of Police Officer).
On the request of police officer not below the rank of sub-inspector, the examination may be conducted by a government medical practitioner. But if the government medical practitioner is not within the radius of 16 km from the place where the offence is committed, the examination may be conducted by any medical practitioner. (Read from bare act Section 53A, CrPC)
Examination of arrested person by medical practitioner at the request of the arrested person (As a Right).
Section 54 of CrPC confers on the arrested person the right to have his medical examination done.
DJ Vaghela vs Kanti Bhai Jetha Bhai: This section protects the arrested person from physical torture and maltreatment in police custody.
Sheela Barse vs the State of Maharashtra (Important case): Supreme Court has warned the lower courts not to adopt a casual approach to custodial torture.
Presented Before the Nearest Magistrate.
Section 57 of CrPC says that a person detained in custody must be presented before the nearest magistrate within 24 hours of his arrest. The period of 24 hours does not include the time necessary for the journey from the place of arrest to the magistrate.
The purpose of this section is to ensure that accused is presented before a magistrate competent to try with a minimum possible delay.
Supreme Court Guidelines for Arrest and Detention
In the case of DK Basu vs the State of West Bengal, 1996, the Supreme Court issued a list of eleven guidelines in all cases of arrest and detention.
Date of judgement- 18-12-1996
Justice- Kuldeep Singh, A.S Anand
The eleven Supreme Court guidelines related to arrest and detention are:
1. The police officer who is going to arrest a person should bear accurate, visible, and clear identification and name tag with the designation. The particulars of all police officers/constables who handle interrogation of the arrestee must be recorded in the register.
2. The police officer who is going to arrest shall prepare a memo of the arrest and the time of the arrest, and such memo will be attested by at least one witness who may be either the member of the family of the arrestee or a respectable person of the locality from where the arrest is made. The memo will be signed by the arrestee and shall contain the time and date of arrest.
3. A person who has been arrested or detained is entitled to give information to his friend or relative or other person known to him (within 12 hours).
4. The time, place of arrest, venue of custody must be notified by the police to the friend or relative or known person.
5. The person arrested must be made aware of his right.
6. An entry must be made in the case diary at the place of detention regarding the person’s arrest and mention the next friend of the arrestee who has been informed of the arrest.
7. The arrestee should, where he requests, be also examined at the time of his arrest and major and minor injuries, if present on his body, be recorded at that time.
8. The arrestee should be subjected to a medical examination by a trained doctor. (section 54)
9. Copies of all the documents, including the arrest memo, should be sent to the magistrate for his record.
10. The arrestee may be permitted to meet his lawyer during the interrogation, not throughout the interrogation.
11. A police control room should be provided at all districts and state headquarter, where information regarding the arrest and place of custody of the arrestee shall be communicated by the officer arresting within 12 hours of the arrest, and it should be displayed on a notice board.
Another important case on police custody is Nilabati Behra vs the State of Odisha.
You may also like to see: | <urn:uuid:05e680e6-36e3-4336-8915-44fb8c0a5ced> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.writinglaw.com/arrest-explained-with-cases-and-11-supreme-court-guidelines/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.949344 | 1,394 | 2.421875 | 2 |
Dharamshala: - A group of Mongolian media delegation is currently on a visit to the Tibetan community in Himalyan town of Dharamshala. The visit was organised by the Office of Tibet for East Asia based in Tokyo and Telo Rinpoche, the spiritual head of Kalmykia republic.
The delegation comprised representatives from Mongolian TV and radio services and newspapers arrived in Dharamshala, on April 24, according to the Central Tibetan Administion (CTA).
They visited the Tibetan Parliament-in-Exile (TPIE) today and met Speaker Penpa Tsering. The Speaker briefed them about the democratisation of the Tibetan community in exile and the functions of the Tibetan Parliament.
The delegation also visited the Department of Information & International Relations (DIIR). Mr Tashi Phuntsok, secretary of DIIR offered them greetings from the Central Tibetan Administration for visiting Dharamsala.
'Tibet and Mongolia shared centuries old historical ties when their powerful empires held sway across Asia, including China,' Mr Tashi told the delegation while briefing about the evolution and functions of CTA.
Both Tibet and Mongolia have faced political vicissitudes, he said adding, but the political situation will change. He said the Mongolian students studying in Tibetan religious, cultural and educational institutions in exile symbolises the continuation of the hundreds of old priest-patron relationship between Tibet and Mongolia.
He explained the delegation the CTA came into being following China's invasion of Tibet in 1950 and the coming into the exile of His Holiness the Dalai Lama and over 85,000 Tibetans in 1959.
Secretary Tashi also said CTA aims to restore freedom in Tibet and rehabilitate Tibetan refugees in exile. He said Tibetan seek to restore freedom in Tibet through its commitment to democracy and non-violence and engaging in dialogue with the Chinese government to resolve the issue of Tibet within the framework of China's constitution.
The rehabilitation includes promoting education among the exile population, building a firm culture of democracy, and paving the way for self-reliance in the Tibetan community, he said.
'The Tibetan administration has evolved into a complete democratic institution on a par with the international standard with the devolution of His Holiness the Dalai Lama's political responsibility to the democratically-elected Tibetan leadership in 2011,' further added.
He said Tibetan people's truthful and non-violent struggle for freedom and dignity will eventually succeed, adding that the world trends have proved that.
Mr Tashi on behalf of the CTA appealed to the media delegation to let the Mongolian people know about the issue of Tibet.
They also met Sikyong Dr Lobsang Sangay, the elected leader of the Tibetan and political successor to His Holiness the Dalai Lama, and DIIR Kalon Dicki Chhoyang on 25 April.
The delegation will visit Tibetan educational, religious and cultural institutions in Dharamshala after an audience with His Holiness the Dalai Lama on 26 April. | <urn:uuid:ef130862-85d3-44f0-a903-27476e6ad38d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thetibetpost.com/en/news/international/3363-mongolian-media-delegation-visits-exile-tibetan-community | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.92433 | 616 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Motility in archaea is driven by a rotating cell surface appendage, called the archaellum (Jarrell & Albers, 2012; Albers & Jarrell, 2015). The archaellum is widely spread in archaea, and was identified in many of the archaeal phyla, e.g., in crenarchaeota, euryarchaeota, thaumarchaeota and nanoarchaeota (Makarova, Koonin & Albers, 2016). Although in function it resembles the bacterial flagellum, it is structurally different as it is evolutionarily related to archaeal and bacterial type IV pilus assembly systems (T4PSs) and Type II secretion systems (T2SS) (Jarrell & Albers, 2012; Berry & Pelicic, 2015; Albers & Jarrell, 2015). The archaellum consists of 7–13 proteins, which are all essential for the assembly and function (Patenge et al., 2001; Thomas, Pawson & Jarrell, 2001; Chaban et al., 2007; Lassak et al., 2012). Similar to the pilins of T4PSs, archaellins also possess N-terminal class III signal peptides, which are processed by a dedicated membrane bound aspartic acid peptidase (Albers, Szabó & Driessen, 2003; Bardy & Jarrell, 2003). After N-terminal cleavage, the mature archaellins are inserted into the growing archaellum filament. Recently, cryo EM structures of the euryarchaeotes Methanospirillum hungatei and Pyrococcus furiosus archaellum revealed that the archaellin monomer has two domains: an N-terminal domain, which forms a long hydrophobic α-helix, and a C-terminal domain with an eight-stranded anti-parallel β-barrel (Poweleit et al., 2016; Daum et al., 2017). The assembled archaellins showed different inter-subunit interactions than the assembled pilins of T4PSs (Craig et al., 2006; Wang et al., 2017) and the Iho670 adhesion filament of non-motile Ignicoccus hospitalis (Braun et al., 2016). Similar to the assembly of the pilus in T4PS and T2SSs (Jakovljevic et al., 2008; Chiang et al., 2008; Yamagata & Tainer, 2007), assembly of the archaellum is energized by ATP hydrolysis (Thomas, Pawson & Jarrell, 2001; Reindl et al., 2013). Operons encoding components of the archaellum contain two ATP binding proteins, FlaI and FlaH. FlaI of the crenarchaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius (SaFlaI) forms an ATP-dependent hexamer and the nucleotide bound crystal structure showed a conserved C-terminal ATPase domain (CTD) which is connected via a flexible linker to the variable N-terminal domain (NTD) (Ghosh et al., 2011; Reindl et al., 2013). In the hexameric crystal structure, an intrinsic twofold symmetry results in three unique subunit conformations, and superimposition of unique NTDs and CTDs shows that the individual NTD and CTD structures are similar, with only small changes in the NTD. The intra-subunit interface is largest between the CTDs. Indeed, SaFlaI lacking the NTD still exhibits 75% of the ATPase activity compared to the full-length FlaI (Reindl et al., 2013). In the crystal structures, the interaction between the NTD and CTD from one subunit is small compared to the interaction between one NTD and the neighboring subunit CTD (Reindl et al., 2013). Together with the hexameric structures of Type II secretion and Type IV pili systems (Yamagata & Tainer, 2007; Misic, Satyshur & Forest, 2010; Lu et al., 2013; McCallum et al., 2017) a model evolved in which successive rounds of ATP binding, ATP hydrolysis and ADP release in the three unique subunits result in conformational changes of the subunits. Based on the homology of FlaI and FlaJ with the T4PS proteins, it seems likely that FlaI interacts with FlaJ (Chiang, Habash & Burrows, 2005; Takhar et al., 2013; Bischof et al., 2016). Indeed, the flexible crown groove (residues 61–128) of the structure of SaFlaI contains negatively charged amino acid patches which were proposed to interact with the positively charged cytoplasmic loops of SaFlaJ (Reindl et al., 2013; Banerjee et al., 2013). A similar interaction was recently proposed between the PilB and PilC of Geobacter metallireducens (McCallum et al., 2017). Conformational changes in the membrane platform protein then might result in insertion or extrusion of the pilin or archaellin into the pilus/archaellum (Chang et al., 2016; McCallum et al., 2017). Indeed, the ATPase activity of Myxococcus xanthus PilB is stimulated by interaction with PilC (Bischof et al., 2016). Additional to its assembly, the archaellum also needs to rotate. How the switch between assembly and rotation occurs is currently unknown, but possibly FlaH, a second ATPase only identified in operons encoding the archaellum but not in operons encoding archaeal Type IV pili systems, is involved in this switch (Chaudhury et al., 2016). FlaH belongs to the RecA superfamily of ATPases. S. acidocaldarius FlaH (SaFlaH) can bind ATP, but is unable to hydrolyze it, most likely due to the presence of a non-canonical walker B motif. The crystal structures of SaFlaH and Methanocaldococcus jannaschii FlaH were solved (Meshcheryakov & Wolf, 2016; Chaudhury et al., 2016). SaFlaI and SaFlaH interact with each other in an ATP dependent manner (Chaudhury et al., 2016). SaFlaI and SaFlaH were also shown to interact with S. acidocaldarius FlaX (SaFlaX) (Banerjee et al., 2013). FlaX, which was only identified in crenarchaea, contains an N-terminal transmembrane domain and a C-terminal cytoplasmic domain which, for SaFlaX, forms a ring-like oligomeric structure with a diameter of 30 nm (Banerjee et al., 2012). Deletion of 57 amino acids which correspond to three helices from the C-terminus of SaFlaX abolished formation of the ring and interaction with FlaI in vitro (Banerjee et al., 2012; Banerjee et al., 2013). Electron microscopy revealed that, in vitro, SaFlaH could assemble as a second ring inside the SaFlaX ring (Chaudhury et al., 2016). Thus, it was proposed that the central core of the crenarchaeal archaellum is formed by FlaI together with FlaH, FlaX and FlaJ (Banerjee et al., 2013) (Fig. 1). In addition to these proteins, a minimal functional archaellum requires the FlaF and FlaG proteins. FlaF and FlaG are monotopic membrane proteins where SaFlaF has a β-sandwich fold and interacts with S-layer proteins suggesting that it might act as a stator that anchors the rotating archaellum (Banerjee et al., 2015).
Although the archaellum is widely spread among archaea, the archaellum has mainly been biochemically characterized in the crenarchaeote S. acidocaldarius. Several differences have been observed between the archaellum systems of crenarchaea and euryarchaea. For example, whereas most species of crenarchaeota contain only one archaellin, euryarchaeota may possess up to five different archaellins (Jarrell & Albers, 2012). In Methanococcus maripaludis, the archaellum showed a hook-like structure which was not observed in a deletion mutant of the minor archaellin flaB3 (Chaban et al., 2007). Furthermore, FlaX was only identified in crenarchaea (Ghosh & Albers, 2011), whereas euryarchaeota contain the flaC, flaD and flaE genes which conversely are not found in crenarchaea (Jarrell & Albers, 2012; Albers & Jarrell, 2015) (Fig. 1). Finally, many euryarchaea exhibit chemotaxis systems, which have not been identified in crenarchaea till date (Wuichet, Cantwell & Zhulin, 2010). In Halobacterium salinarum and Haloferax volcanii, it has been demonstrated that the FlaC, FlaD and FlaE proteins link rotation of the archaellum to the CheY signal transduction cascade and thus to the chemotaxis system (Schlesner et al., 2009; Quax et al., 2018).
Recently, a low resolution image of the archaellar basal body of the euryarchaeote Thermococcus kodakaraensis was obtained by cryo-tomography (Briegel et al., 2017). This structure shows similarities to the structures of bacterial T4P (Chang et al., 2016), but also shows several unique features. For example, a large conical frustum of up to 500 nm in diameter was observed at the cytosolic base of the structure. The resolution of this structure is however not high enough to distinguish or identify individual components (Briegel et al., 2017). The cryo-EM structure of the P. furiosus archaellum allowed a more detailed view of the archaellum motor complex (Daum et al., 2017). As in T. kodakaraensis, a cone structure is present below the archaellum motor complexes. After modelling the structures of SaFlaI and SaFlaH in the densities close to the membrane, several remaining densities were observed. These probably contain the FlaCDE proteins.
In this study, we set out to characterize the motor subunits of the archaellum of Pyrococcus furiosus, an anaerobic, heterotrophic hyperthermophilic euryarchaeote that can grow at temperatures between 70 °C and 103 °C, and a pH between 5 and 9 (Fiala & Stetter, 1986). P. furiosus contains monopolar polytrichous archaella (Fiala & Stetter, 1986), which it does not only use to swim, but also to form cable-like cell–cell connections to adhere to solid surfaces (Näther et al., 2006). Here, we continue our previous studies on the biochemical characterization of P. furiosus FlaI (PfFlaI) and FlaH (PfFlaH).
Materials & Methods
Strains and plasmids
Escherichia coli strains NEB 10-beta (New England BioLabs) and Rosetta (DE3) (Novagen) were used for cloning purposes and overexpression respectively. Genomic DNA of Pyrococcus furiosus DSM 3638 (Robb et al., 2001) was used as a template for PCR reactions. Plasmids and their construction are described in Supplementary Table S1. Primers used are described in Supplementary Table S2. All plasmids sequences were confirmed by PCR and sequencing.
Overproduction and purification
Overproduction and purification of His-tagged P. furiosus FlaI (PfFlaI), PfFlaI-NTD, PfFlaI-CTD, and P.furiosus FlaH (PfFlaH) and the PfFlaH (K39A) and PfFlaH (D126N) mutants were performed as described previously (Chaudhury et al., 2016). Overproduction and purification of StrepII-tagged PfFlaI (E336A) were essentially performed the same except that Streptactin column material (IBA GmbH, Göttingen, Germany) was used, and that the protein was eluted with 2.5 mM d-desthiobiotin. Samples were stored at −80 °C until use.
Analytical gel filtration
PfFlaI, PfFlaI-NTD and PfFlaI-CTD were concentrated to 1 mg/ml in buffer containing 20mM Tris HCl pH 8.0, 150 mM NaCl (buffer A) using Amicon concentrators (Millipore) with a 10 kDa cut-off. 500 µl of the concentrated samples or 250 µl PfFlaI-NTD mixed with 250 µl PfFlaI-CTD and applied to Superdex 200 10/300 GL or Superdex 75 10/300 GL size exclusion columns equilibrated with buffer A. Fractions were analyzed on SDS-PAGE. Thyroglobulin (669 kDa), γ-globulin (158 kDa), ovalbumin (44 kDa), myoglobin (17 kDa) and vitamin B12 (1.35 kDa) were used as size standards.
Binding of the fluorescent ATP analog 2′-/3′-O-(N-methylanthraniloyl) adenosine 5′-triphosphate (MANT-ATP, JENA biosciences) was detected by titrating PfFlaI (20 nM, 100 nM and 5 µM in buffer A containing 5 mM MgCl2) with increasing concentrations of MANT-ATP in a 150 µl cuvette at 20 °C in a Fluoromax-4 fluorimeter (HORIBA Scientific, Irvine, CA, USA). Excitation and emission wavelengths were set to 285 and 450 nm respectively with slit widths of 10 nm. Fluorescence was corrected for MANT-ATP fluorescence in the absence of protein. To determine the binding affinity of ATP, competition assays between MANT-ATP and ATP were performed. Total fluorescence was determined under the conditions described above after addition of increasing amounts of ATP to a solution containing 20 nM PfFlaI and 10 nM of MANT-ATP. The data were fitted with the Hill equation: , where F = Fluorescence, Fmin = minimal fluorescence, Fmax = maximal fluorescence, [ATP] is the ATP concentration, IC50 is the ATP concentration where the fluorescence is reduced by half, and n = Hill coefficient.
Release of inorganic phosphate after ATP hydrolysis was determined using the Malachite green assay (Lanzetta et al., 1979) by determining the colorimetric change at 620 nm using a Clariostar plate reader (BMG labtech). ATP hydrolysis at different temperatures was determined by incubating 12.5 µg/ml PfFlaI in buffer A containing 5 mM MgCl2 and1 mM ATP for 5 min at different temperatures. ATP hydrolysis at different pHs was determined by incubating 12.5 µg/ml PfFlaI in different buffers (20 mM citrate (pH 3.0), 20 mM 2-(N-morpholino)ethane sulfonic acid (MES, pH 6.0), 20 mM 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazine ethane sulfonic acid (HEPES, pH 7.2), 20 mM 2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-propane-1,3-diol (TRIS, pH 8.0/ 9.5), 20 mM sodium carbonate-bicarbonate (pH 10.0)) containing 5 mM MgCl2 and1 mM ATP for 5 min at 70 °C. To determine the ATPase activity of PfFlaI at different ATP concentrations, 12.5 µg/ml PfFlaI was incubated for 5 min at 70°C in buffer A containing 5mM MgCl2 and different ATP concentrations. The curve was fitted to the Michaelis–Menten equation (v = vmax∗[ATP]∕(Km + [ATP])). The Hill coefficient was determined from the slope of a plot of log ([ATP]) vs log (v∕(vmax − v)). ATPase activity of PfFlaI, PfFlaI-NTD, PfFlaI-CTD and the stoichiometric mixture of PfFlaI-NTD and PfFlaI-CTD was determined by incubating the proteins at a concentration of 12.5 µg/ml in buffer A containing 5 mM MgCl2 at 70 °C.
Microscale thermophoresis was performed as described previously (Chaudhury et al., 2016). To determine the binding affinity of CTD and NTD of PfFlaI, 28 nM labeled PfFlaH in buffer A containing 0.05% (v/v) Tween-20 was titrated with increasing concentrations (1.3 nM–22.5 µM) of Pf-CTD and (5.6 nM–11.6 µM) Pf-NTD of PfFlaI on a Nano Temper Monolith NT.115 Pico instrument. The data were fitted as described previously (Chaudhury et al., 2016).
Overproduction, purification and characterization of P. furiosus FlaI
To compare the crenarchaeal and euryarchaeal archaellum, we set out to biochemically characterize the archaellum of Pyrococcus furiosus. The genetic region that encodes the components of the archaellum of P. furiosus encodes the major archaellin (flaB0), followed by two minor archaellins (flaB1, flaB2) and the flaCDFGHIJ genes (Robb et al., 2001; Näther et al., 2006; Näther-Schindler et al., 2014). Here, we focus on the FlaI and FlaH proteins. Similar to SaFlaI, Pyrococcus furiosus FlaI (PfFlaI) contains both an N-terminal and a C-terminal domain, which show respectively 36% and 57% identity with SaFlaI. PfFlaI was previously overexpressed and purified (Chaudhury et al., 2016), and is here characterized further. Analysis of the oligomeric state of PfFlaI using size exclusion chromatography showed that PfFlaI eluted at a position corresponding to a hexamer (Figs. 2A and 2B). Thus, in this respect, PfFlaI differs from SaFlaI, which after purification elutes as a monomer and formed a hexamer in the presence of the non-hydrolysable ATP analog adenylyl-imidodiphosphate (AMP-PNP) (Ghosh et al., 2011) (Figs. 2A and 2B). The Abs260/Abs280 ratio of 0.3 suggested that PfFlaI was isolated in the nucleotide free form. Indeed, further purification steps, dialysis or ammonium sulphate precipitation did not result in a change in the Abs260/Abs280 ratio. To test whether PfFlaI could bind ATP, titrations with the fluorescent ATP analog MANT-ATP were performed. Similar experiments were performed to determine the nucleotide binding affinity of SaFlaI (Ghosh et al., 2011). For PfFlaI, the fluorescence increased linearly upon addition of MANT-ATP, until a maximum was reached after which no further increase was observed. This saturation was dependent on the protein concentration, and when 20 nM, 100 nM or 5 µM protein PfFlaI (Fig. 3A) was used, the maximum was reached for all three concentrations at 1/3 of the PfFlaI concentration used, demonstrating that only two of the ATP binding sites in the hexamer are available for binding of MANT-ATP. Indeed, SaFlaI crystallized as a hexameric ring with an intrinsic twofold symmetry resulting in three different conformations of the monomers (Reindl et al., 2013), suggesting that also for PfFlaI such a twofold symmetry with three unique subunits occurs. To determine the affinity for ATP, bound MANT-ATP was competed with ATP resulting in an IC50 of 260 nM at 20 °C (Fig. 3B). The hydrolysis of ATP by PfFlaI was tested at different temperatures and at different pHs (Figs. 3C and 3D) and the highest activity was found at 70 °C and pH 8.0. Even though P. furiosus can live up to 103 °C, the ATPase activity in vitro decreased above 70 °C suggesting that at temperatures above 70 °C PfFlaI is unstable. At 70 °C and pH 8.0, ATP was hydrolyzed with a vmax of 8 µmoles mg−1 min−1 (Chaudhury et al., 2016) and a Km of 580 µM (Fig. 3E). ATP hydrolysis did not show cooperativity with increasing ATP concentrations (Hill coefficient = 0.9) (Fig. 3E, inset). The maximum activity observed for PfFlaI was 250-fold higher than the maximum activity (at pH 6.5 and 75 °C) observed for SaFlaI (Chaudhury et al., 2016), and equals a turn-over of ∼500 ATP min−1.
The N-terminal domains of PfFlaI interact with each other and with the C-terminal domains to stimulate ATP hydrolysis
The crystal structures of SaFlaI revealed that, similar to other described T2SS and T4PS ATPases (Robien et al., 2003; Yamagata & Tainer, 2007; Satyshur et al., 2007; Misic, Satyshur & Forest, 2010; Lu et al., 2013; McCallum et al., 2017), SaFlaI consists of a variable NTD and a CTD that binds and hydrolyses ATP (Reindl et al., 2013). These domains are connected via a short flexible linker (Reindl et al., 2013). The hexameric structure of SaFlaI was only observed in the crystal structure after incubation with AMP-PNP. Since PfFlaI forms a much more stable hexamer, we set out to study the interactions between the NTDs and CTDs of PfFlaI.
Both the NTD (PfFlaI-NTD; 29 kDa) and the CTD (PfFlaI-CTD; 31 kDa) of PfFlaI were overexpressed in E. coli, purified, and were then analyzed on analytical size exclusion chromatography (Figs. 4A and 4B). The PfFlaI-CTD eluted as a monomer whereas, contrary to what was expected, the PfFlaI-NTD eluted not only as monomer but also as dimer and possibly a higher order oligomer. This demonstrates that the NTDs of PfFlaI interact with each other and might play a role in the formation of the hexameric ring. Since in the crystal structure of the SaFlaI hexamer the NTDs interact with the CTDs of the neighboring subunit, it was tested whether also the PfFlaI-NTD and the PfFlaI-CTD interacted. Equimolar concentrations of PfFlaI-NTD and PfFlaI-CTD were mixed, analyzed on analytical size exclusion chromatography. This resulted in a co-elution of the PfFlaI-NTD and PfFlaI-CTD and a shift of especially the elution position of the PfFlaI-CTD, demonstrating an interaction between the PfFlaI-NTD and the PfFlaI-CTD. To test whether interaction between the PfFlaI-NTD and the PfFlaI-CTD influenced the ATPase activity, ATP hydrolysis of the single domains and of the mixed domains was determined (Fig. 4C). In these experiments, ATP hydrolysis was only observed when both the PfFlaI-NTD and PfFlaI-CTD were present, demonstrating that the PfFlaI-NTD can stimulate ATP hydrolysis by the PfFlaI-CTD.
PfFlaH stimulates the ATPase activity of PfFlaI
We have overexpressed and purified P. furiosus FlaH (PfFlaH) and used microscale thermophoresis (MST) to show that nucleotide-bound PfFlaH bound to PfFlaI with a KD of 1 µM (Chaudhury et al., 2016). PfFlaH containing mutations in the Walker A (PfFlaH K39A) and Walker B motifs (PfFlaH D126N) had a strongly reduced affinity for nucleotides, and for PfFlaI, demonstrating that nucleotide binding to PfFlaH is important for its interaction with PfFlaI (Chaudhury et al., 2016). Here, we further investigated the influence of this interaction on the ATPase activity of PfFlaI. As observed, PfFlaI hydrolyzed ATP, whereas for PfFlaH, no ATPase activity could be observed (Fig. 5A, Chaudhury et al., 2016). Also, no ATP hydrolysis was observed for PfFlaI with an E336A mutation in the Walker B motif, and for the PfFlaHK39A and PfFlaHD126N proteins. Addition of PfFlaH to PfFlaI stimulated the total ATPase activity. To test whether the stimulation of the ATPase is derived from an increase of the activity of PfFlaH or of PfFlaI, different combinations of mutants in PfFlaH and PfFlaI with WT proteins were tested (Fig. 5A). This demonstrated unequivocally that binding of nucleotide bound PfFlaH stimulates the ATPase activity of PfFlaI. To test the stoichiometry of this interaction, 1 µM PfFlaI was incubated with increasing concentrations of PfFlaH. A maximal stimulation was observed when PfFlaH was present in stoichiometric amounts to PfFlaI (Fig. 5B). The stimulation decreased when further increasing amounts of PfFlaH were added. Thus PfFlaI and PfFlaH interact in a 1:1 stoichiometry.
FlaH interacts at the C-terminal domain of FlaI
Nucleotide-bound PfFlaH can interact with PfFlaI with an affinity of 1 µM (Chaudhury et al., 2016). To test whether FlaH interacts with the NTD or CTD of FlaI, interaction assays using microscale thermophoresis were performed using PfFlaH and the P. furiosus NTD and CTD of FlaI (Fig. 6). The PfFlaI-CTD and the PfFlaI-NTD interacted with PfFlaH with affinities of 100 nM and >8 µM, respectively. Thus, it was concluded that PfFlaH interacts specifically with the PfFlaI-CTD. This interaction occurs with a 10-fold higher affinity than the interaction between full length hexameric PfFlaI and PfFlaH, showing that PfFlaH can interact in different manners with the hexameric PfFlaI and the monomeric PfFlaI-CTD.
Many archaeal cell surface structures are homologous to bacterial T4PSs, which function in cell attachment to surfaces, DNA transport, biofilm formation and motility (Jarrell et al., 2013; Makarova, Koonin & Albers, 2016; Chaudhury, Quax & Albers, 2018). Similar to the T2SSs and T4PSs, most of these systems possess a pilin protein, a prepilin peptidase which cleaves at the N-terminus of the prepilin, an ATPase of the superfamily of traffic ATPases, and a membrane platform protein (Peabody, 2003; Nishida & Chen, 2004). The traffic ATPase was suggested to interact with the membrane platform protein for several systems (Reindl et al., 2013; Banerjee et al., 2013; Bischof et al., 2016; Takhar et al., 2013), and it has been proposed that interactions between the processed pilin, the traffic ATPase protein and the platform protein drive the assembly of the pilus (Chang et al., 2016; McCallum et al., 2017). FlaI, the traffic ATPase of the archaellum differs from the other traffic ATPases in the fact that it not only energizes the assembly of the archaella, but also should drive its rotation. Comparison of the different crystal structures of traffic ATPases showed many different conformations of the NTD relative to the CTD, but in general, binding of ATP results in large domain movements bringing the NTD and CTD closer together (Reindl et al., 2013; Lu et al., 2013; Satyshur et al., 2007). Comparison of the conformations in SaFlaI and Vc GspE, the traffic ATPase of the T2SS of Vibrio cholerae, showed that in Vc GspE, ATP hydrolysis results in an up and down movement of the domains, whereas, SaFlaI shows a more rotating movement of the domains, possibly explaining the differences between SaFlaI and other traffic ATPases (Reindl et al., 2013). The rotating movement of the SaFlaI hexamer is the result of three different alternating conformations which mostly differ in the position of the NTD relative to the CTD.
Here the euryarchaeal PfFlaI was characterized, and compared to the well characterized crenarchaeal SaFlaI. Firstly, it was observed that PfFlaI forms a stable hexamer whereas SaFlaI was a monomer in solution. The SaFlaI hexamer was observed only after incubation with a non-hydrolyzable ATP analogue and at high protein concentrations in the crystal structure. In the ADP-bound SaFlaI crystal structure, three different alternating conformations were observed, which all contained a nucleotide. ATP binding assays with PfFlaI showed that only two of the six positions in the PfFlaI hexamer were accessible for MANT-ATP, suggesting that PfFlaI also contains alternating conformations, and that four of the six subunits of the hexamer are not accessible to fluorescently labelled nucleotides. ATP hydrolysis by SaFlaI was highly co-operative, whereas ATP hydrolysis by PfFlaI did not show any cooperativity, suggesting that cooperatively occurs during the assembly of the SaFlaI hexamer, while no cooperativity occurs in the assembled PfFlaI hexamer. Indeed, the PfFlaI hexamer is, contrary to SaFlaI, formed in an ATP independent manner. This suggest that PfFlaI and SaFlaI might differ structurally. Another suggestion that PfFlaI and SaFlaI differ in their structures comes from the experiments with the isolated NTD and CTD. Whereas in the different SaFlaI crystal structures obtained, interactions are found between the CTDs and between the CTDs and the NTD, no strong interactions were observed between the NTDs. Indeed, SaFlaI lacking the NTD still exhibits 75% of the ATPase activity compared to the full-length FlaI (Reindl et al., 2013), suggesting that the NTD plays no important role in oligomerization. In PfFlaI however, deletion of the NTD strongly reduces or abolishes oligomerization and ATPase activity. The activity and oligomerization can be partly recovered by the addition of the isolated NTD, suggesting that the NTD for PfFlaI also plays an intrinsic role in oligomerization. Based on the crystal structure of SaFlaI, it could be expected that this is caused by the stabilization of the interaction between two CTDs by an NTD, but our observation that the isolated NTDs of PfFlaI also oligomerize suggests that interactions between NTDs might also play a role in the oligomerization and activity of PfFlaI. Strong interactions between NTDs of traffic ATPases, have currently only been observed for the HP0525 traffic ATPase of the Helicobacter pylori type IV secretion system (Yeo et al., 2000).
Next to the characterization PfFlaI, the interaction of PfFlaI with PfFlaH was further analyzed. Binding of nucleotide bound PfFlaH to PfFlaI stimulated its ATPase activity twofold, further demonstrating the importance of this interaction. Maximum stimulation was found at a 1:1 stoichometery, suggesting that hexameric PfFlaH interacts with hexameric PfFlaI. Previously, it was demonstrated that both SaFlaI and SaFlaH interact with SaFlaX (Banerjee et al., 2013). In vitro assembly of the C-terminal domain of SaFlaX resulted in ring-like structures with 15- to 23- fold symmetry with widely different diameters (Banerjee et al., 2012). After incubation with SaFlaH, monomeric SaFlaH particles were observed inside these SaFlaX rings (Chaudhury et al., 2016). The amount of FlaH bound inside the rings varied with the size of the ring, but in the most occurring rings with a 20- fold symmetry, 9–10 SaFlaH monomers could be observed (Chaudhury et al., 2016). The size of the in vivo FlaX ring in the S. acidocaldarius archaellum complex is currently still unknown. However, since SaFlaX also interacts with SaFlaI, and a FlaI hexamer interacts with hexameric FlaH, it seems likely that the motor complex in S. acidocaldarius consists of hexameric SaFlaI, bound to hexameric SaFlaH, surrounded by a SaFlaX ring. Like all euryarchaea, P. furiosus does not encode a FlaX homolog, but encodes the FlaC and FlaD proteins. However, it is currently not known whether they also form a ring-like structure and whether possible interactions with FlaI or FlaH exist. Remarkably, P. furiosus does not encode a chemotaxis system (Maeder et al., 1999) and thus the FlaCDE proteins should not be related to the CheY signal transduction cascade.
It was proposed that the NTD of FlaI interacts with FlaJ (Reindl et al., 2013; Banerjee et al., 2013), making it likely that the CTD domain of FlaI would interact with FlaH, and we found that PfFlaH interacts with the PfFlaI-CTD. This interaction occurs with a 10-fold higher affinity than the interaction between full length PfFlaI and PfFlaH. This suggest that the affinity of the interaction between FlaH and FlaI might be modulated by factors that increase or decrease the accessibility of the CTD of FlaI to FlaH, and this might facilitate a switch between assembly and rotation of the archaellum.
Our results showed that FlaI of P. furiosus differs significantly from the extensively studied FlaI of S. acidocaldarius. Contrary to FlaI of S. acidocaldarius, which only forms a hexamer after binding of nucleotides, FlaI of P. furiosus forms a stable hexamer in a nucleotide independent manner. The presence of the stable hexamer allowed us to study nucleotide binding to the hexamer. This showed that only 2 of the 6 ATP binding sites were available for binding of the fluorescent ATP-analog MANT-ATP, suggesting a twofold symmetry in the hexamer and further suggesting that individual proteins in the hexamer alternate between the empty, ATP and ADP bound states. We also identified strong interactions between the N-terminal domains S. acidocaldarius FlaI not identified before for S. acidocaldarius FlaI. These interactions played a role in oligomerization and activity, suggesting a conformational state of the hexamer not observed previously. We further showed that interaction between FlaI and FlaH stimulates the ATPase activity of FlaI. This occurs optimally at a 1:1 stoichiometry, suggesting that a FlaI hexamer can interact with six FlaH proteins or with a FlaH hexamer. Further interaction studies showed that FlaH interacts with the C-terminal domain of PfFlaI.
Tables listing the primers, plasmids and strains used in this study. | <urn:uuid:97793a9a-9439-454f-b67e-263ff7d4a27c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://peerj.com/articles/4984/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.905911 | 7,863 | 2.546875 | 3 |
Skeleton Technologies and Siemens are announcing a far-reaching technology partnership for the development, planning and implementation of a fully automated, digitalized manufacturing plant to produce supercapacitors in Germany. The production line is to be used in a new Skeleton factory in Markranstädt, Leipzig - Skeleton's second manufacturing site in Saxony. The economies of scale provided using Siemens' cutting-edge technology, combined with the use of Skeleton's patented "curved graphene" material, are expected to lower the production costs by almost 90% after the completion of this 5 years project.
The collaboration aims to achieve the digitization of Skeleton's entire value chain - from supercapacitor cell design to production and services - and scale up the production of next-generation supercapacitors. Siemens supports this with its comprehensive Digital Enterprise portfolio as well as domain know-how in industrial battery cell production. Furthermore, it is planned to further expand the business relations between the two companies.
Skeleton's supercapacitors are used in transport, grid, industrial, and automotive applications and allow to reduce CO2 emissions and save energy. With the use of patented "curved graphene" material, Skeleton's supercapacitors offer the highest power and energy density on the market, almost instant charging and discharging, high reliability, and very long lifetimes. They contribute to improving power quality and protecting equipment and infrastructure by lowering the power fluctuation, and to powering electrification. "Supercapacitors are a key element in dramatically reducing emissions in the power generation, transportation and industrial sectors," explained Taavi Madiberk, CEO, and co-founder of Skeleton Technologies. For further information see the IDTechEx report on Supercapacitor Materials and Formats 2020-2040.
"With our holistic automation and digitalization portfolio, we can use the appropriate tools and our industrial know-how together with Skeleton, from greenfield planning to factory simulation and optimized high-end production, to realize a highly efficient, fully automated production line that is unique in the world," stated Guido Feind, Head of Siemens Digital Industries Germany.
The new factory for the next generation of supercapacitor cells in Markranstädt is scheduled to start production in 2024 and produce up to twelve million cells a year. The factory will have 40x more output than Skeleton's other site in Saxony, which will continue as an R&D factory in the future, and 240 jobs are expected to be created. Skeleton will invest 220 M EUR in Saxony in scaling up production. Out of the investments, 100 M EUR will be invested in manufacturing equipment in Leipzig area and 120 M EUR for scale-up and R&D.
"Electrification and decarbonization require key enabling technologies and supercapacitors are one of them. The various applications of this technology provide enormous help in electrifying sectors of industry where electrification cannot be efficiently implemented with batteries," said Parliamentary State Secretary Michael Kellner. "Skeleton's use of their own patented ‚curved graphene' material strengthens the European energy storage ecosystem and value chain as it is a technology developed in Europe to manufacture energy storage products in Europe. In the current context, not relying on imported toxic metals is becoming even more critical. Skeleton's choice to open a new production facility in Saxony also underscores the attractiveness and importance of eastern Germany as a business location."
"A number of Siemens business units are already Skeleton's customers and as the energy transition gathers pace, we see the volumes increasing. The strong relationship will be further cemented thanks to this partnership, we will now also benefit from their world-class expertise in electrification, automation, and digitalization to expand our manufacturing," said Dr. Linus Froböse, Chief Operating Officer of Skeleton Technologies. "This ramp-up will allow us to meet market demand for our next-generation products and make our new factory the largest and most modern supercapacitor factory in Europe."
"With our supercapacitors with the highest power density in the industry, we see great potential for further cooperation with Siemens, especially in the areas of mobility, grid stability and heavy-duty applications. Siemens already uses our supercapacitors for their high-power energy storage. Skeleton and Siemens both believe that the global economy is undergoing structural changes in some of the largest CO2 emission sources such as power generation, transport, and industry. Supercapacitors are a key element in drastically reducing emissions in these sectors. In the field of energy storage and saving, technology and innovation play a crucial role in enabling the global economy to achieve climate goals," added Taavi Madiberk.
About Skeleton Technologies
Skeleton Technologies is the global technology leader in supercapacitor energy storage in automotive, transportation, grid and industrial applications. For us, developing and producing the best supercapacitor cells, modules, and systems in the world is means to an end: helping companies to reduce CO2 emissions and save energy. We work with some of the largest companies in the world - from leading Tier One automotive firms and industrial equipment OEMs to truck fleet operators and aerospace prime contractors - to decrease CO2 emissions and fuel consumption, to improve power quality and to protect equipment and infrastructure by lowering the power fluctuation, and to power electrification to fight climate change. Our supercapacitors, based on patented "curved graphene", represent the biggest technological advancement in the industry in the last 20 years and the use of this innovative material provides our products with an unparalleled advantage in power and energy density. Skeleton Technologies Group has three main locations: its manufacturing in Großröhrsdorf, Saxony, Germany, materials development in Bitterfeld-Wolfen, Saxony-Anhalt and electrical engineering in Tallinn, Estonia. From its foundation in 2009, the company has grown from 4 to 300 people.
Source and top image: Skeleton Technologies | <urn:uuid:8437c2e0-13d4-46c4-a836-f7abf5f3aced> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.advancedbatteriesresearch.com/articles/27290/skeleton-to-build-worlds-largest-supercapacitor-factory-with-siemens | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.921789 | 1,231 | 1.945313 | 2 |
GUILDHALL FRATERNITY (London).
GUILDHALL FRATERNITY (London). Azure, on a chief gules, a leopard's head cabossed or, langued gules, and in base a fleur-de-lis of the third, between two holy-water sprinklers in saltire also of the third, and argent. Crest — Six holy-water sprinklers in saltire or and argent, banded of the first. Mmitluig — Azure and gules furred with ermine.
[Granted by Holme, Clarenceux, July i6, 1482 (22 Edward IV.), and confirmed by Benolt, Clarenceux, 1530, 22 Henry VIII.]
Original Source bookofpublicarms00foxd_djvu.txt near line 11811. | <urn:uuid:00b296d3-466b-45c9-8acc-e28ebb17497b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.drawshield.net/reference/public-arms/g/guildhall-fraternity.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.846514 | 174 | 1.539063 | 2 |
- Code STAT3040
- Unit Value 6 units
- Offered by Rsch Sch of Finance, Actuarial Studies & App Stats
- ANU College ANU College of Business and Economics
- Course subject Statistics
- Areas of interest Actuarial Studies, Statistics
- Academic career UGRD
- Mode of delivery In Person
First Semester 2023
See Future Offerings
This course involves on campus teaching. For students unable to come to campus there will be a remote option. See the Class Summary for more details.
Statistical Learning is a course designed for students who need to carry out statistical analysis, or “learning”, from real data. Emphasis will be placed on the development of statistical concepts and statistical computing. The content will be motivated by problem-solving in many diverse areas of application. This course will cover a range of topics in statistical learning including linear and non-linear regression, classification techniques, resampling methods (e.g., the bootstrap), regularisation methods, tree based methods and unsupervised learning techniques (e.g. principle components analysis and clustering).
Upon successful completion, students will have the knowledge and skills to:
- Use packages and process output relating to statistical learning in the statistical computing package R.
- Fit linear and non-linear regression models and analyse relationships between a response variable and covariates.
- Perform classification techniques on qualitative response variables.
- Assess models based on resampling methods.
- Carry out model selection based on regularisation methods.
- Utilise tree-based methods for regression and classification problems.
- Perform basic unsupervised learning techniques, such as clustering analysis and principal component analysis.
- Typical assessment may include, but is not restricted to: exams, assignments, quizzes, presentations and other assessment as appropriate. (100) [LO 1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
The ANU uses Turnitin to enhance student citation and referencing techniques, and to assess assignment submissions as a component of the University's approach to managing Academic Integrity. While the use of Turnitin is not mandatory, the ANU highly recommends Turnitin is used by both teaching staff and students. For additional information regarding Turnitin please visit the ANU Online website.
Students are expected to commit 130 hours of work in completing this course. This includes time spent in scheduled classes and self-directed study time.
Requisite and Incompatibility
Information about the prescribed textbook will be available via the Class Summary.
Tuition fees are for the academic year indicated at the top of the page.
Commonwealth Support (CSP) Students
If you have been offered a Commonwealth supported place, your fees are set by the Australian Government for each course. At ANU 1 EFTSL is 48 units (normally 8 x 6-unit courses). More information about your student contribution amount for each course at Fees.
- Student Contribution Band:
- Unit value:
- 6 units
If you are a domestic graduate coursework student with a Domestic Tuition Fee (DTF) place or international student you will be required to pay course tuition fees (see below). Course tuition fees are indexed annually. Further information for domestic and international students about tuition and other fees can be found at Fees.
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Class summaries, if available, can be accessed by clicking on the View link for the relevant class number.
|Class number||Class start date||Last day to enrol||Census date||Class end date||Mode Of Delivery||Class Summary|
|2744||20 Feb 2023||27 Feb 2023||31 Mar 2023||26 May 2023||In Person||N/A| | <urn:uuid:d4d5067b-d3ce-49a9-8701-6d84af72f378> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://programsandcourses.anu.edu.au/2023/course/STAT3040 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.874225 | 914 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Time to grab a strong cup of tea and dive into the complicated, slightly unhinged, and ALWAYS dramatic world of royal titles. Today’s edition? Will Camilla Parker Bowles, aka Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall, be Queen of England once her husband, Prince Charles, becomes king? Answer: Yes! Ish! In fact, Queen Elizabeth announced the news back in February. But it’s honestly been a whole thing up until now, so let’s break it down.
The Precedent for King/Queen Titles Is…Complicated
If you recall, Queen Elizabeth’s late husband, Prince Philip, was not king. He was a prince—I mean, it’s right there in the title! Why? Because, per CBS, Philip was never in line to the English throne. In fact, the Queen had to make a whole letters patent (basically, a royal law) just to make Philip a prince of the United Kingdom, and the palace released the following statement:
“The Queen has been pleased by Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the Realm bearing date 22nd February, 1957, to give and grant unto His Royal Highness the Duke of Edinburgh, K.G., K.T., G.B.E., the style and titular dignity of a Prince of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Whitehall.”
So for a while there, the assumption was that Camilla would take a leaf out of Philip’s book and become Princess Camilla once Charles is king. However…
It Was Always Clear That Camilla Could Become Queen if She Wanted To
Consider this lady:
That’s Queen Elizabeth’s mother, aka King George VI’s wife, aka the queen consort. This is a super-common title for the spouse of a ruling king, and it becomes official during the coronation. As the royal website puts it:
“Unless decided otherwise, a queen consort is crowned with the king, in a similar but simpler ceremony. If the new sovereign is a queen, her consort is not crowned or anointed at the coronation ceremony.”
But let’s dive deeper into that “unless decided otherwise” line, shall we? ’Cause, um…
Camilla Originally Wanted to Be “Princess Consort”
Back when Charles and Camilla married in 2005, the couple issued a statement saying she planned to “use the title HRH the Princess Consort when the Prince of Wales accedes to the throne.” And then in March 2020, reps for the couple reiterated this to The Times, saying, “The intention is for the duchess to be known as princess consort when the prince accedes to the throne. This was announced at the time of the marriage and there has been absolutely no change at all.”
So why did Camilla initially want to be princess consort and not queen consort? Apparently, this decision was made partly out of respect to Princess Diana—which is also why Camilla doesn’t use the title Princess of Wales and instead goes by Duchess of Cornwall.
As royal expert Marlene Koenig told Town & Country, when she married Prince Charles, “Camilla was not popular or well liked, [although] this has changed a lot since the marriage as Camilla has taken on a lot of patronages and Charles is a lot happier. Still, [there was] a lot of tension and anger among a certain element of the population—so it was decided that Camilla would be styled as the Duchess of Cornwall, even though, of course, she is the Princess of Wales.”
Here’s the thing though. Constitutional Affairs Minister Christopher Leslie implied all the way back in 2005 that it doesn’t really matter if Charles and Camilla want Camilla to become princess consort because “this is absolutely unequivocal that she automatically becomes queen when he becomes king.”
Either way, the Queen just made it abundantly clear that she wants Camilla to go by queen consort, releasing a statement to mark her Platinum Jubilee saying, “When, in the fullness of time, my son Charles becomes king, I know you will give him and his wife Camilla the same support that you have given me. And it is my sincere wish that, when that time comes, Camilla will be known as queen consort as she continues her own loyal service.”
And Charles and Camilla released a statement of their own saying, “The Queen’s devotion to the welfare of all her people inspires still greater admiration with each passing year. We are deeply conscious of the honor represented by my mother’s wish.”
The Timing of The Queen's Announcement Was Very Specific
Apparently she wanted to announce Camilla's eventual title before her death so Prince Charles wouldn't be dealing with "problems for months" upon his accession.
"There's no question that the Queen, in making it certain that she would be Queen Consort and not a Princess Consort, to do that in a statement marking the Platinum Jubilee year was so significant," Author Richard Fitzwilliam said, via The Express. "And so important because this issue was fudged for such a long time. What was absolutely necessary was to clear this otherwise, undoubtedly, when Charles did ascend the throne and was announced then, you could imagine problems in the months to come before the coronation especially."
You Might Also Like | <urn:uuid:d2924e8f-fbdc-4921-8fd8-d6cec6127791> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ca.style.yahoo.com/why-camilla-wont-queen-once-233300327.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.964013 | 1,155 | 1.804688 | 2 |
The U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) supports Twin Cities entrepreneurs to start and grow new business with a variety of resources and services- but so many entrepreneurs don't know about SBA and how we can help! Entrepreneurs should know all the tools in the toolbox that exist to help them start and grow new ventures- and SBA is one of those tools that everyone should know about and when to call. Our session, comprised of a diverse panel of SBA’s Minnesota District Office team, will help entrepreneurs learn about SBA’s programs, ranging from SBA’s capital access programs to COVID-19 relief for small businesses to free trainings on a variety of entre-related topics to our Emerging Leaders cohort for new businesses. We will also share how SBA provides support to minority and women-owned new small businesses in conjunction with our Resource Partners, with a Q&A at end of the session.
SBA funding & resources for new ventures: How SBA can help you start, grow and recover
Prior to working with Minnesota’s SBA, Michael Waldegerma (he/him) worked with the City of Minneapolis to promote civic engagement in North Minneapolis. He is an AmeriCorps alum, having also served with the North Minneapolis Promise Zone to increase economic activity through a racial equity framework. Michael is passionate about equity and increasing access to government resources.
Sarah Carroll (she/her) is proud to serve Minnesota's small business community at SBA. Before earning her Masters in Business Administration and Masters in Public Policy at the University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Sarah worked in the nonprofit community where she did grassroots organizing on food, environmental, and democracy issues. She is a graduate of the Carlson Ventures Enterprise, a former Sands Fellow at the Holmes Center for Entrepreneurship, and an entrepreneur within the sustainable agriculture space. | <urn:uuid:536f647a-4493-4032-a5c0-ced69d97b331> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://emamo.com/event/twin-cities-startup-week/s/sba-funding-resources-for-new-ventures-how-sba-can-help-you-start-grow-and-recover-aB4nZo | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.940198 | 385 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Today I’d like to share with you about proper braking technique when riding a bicycle. I thought of this because I frequently have customers not using the front brake while test riding a bicycle. I ask them why they are only using one brake, when the bike has two levers, and they inevitably respond that they are worried about going over the handlebars. Too much front brake and you’ll flip, right? Well, yes, but actually no.
While it is true that you can flip the bike by applying too much front brake at once, it’s actually difficult to do if you are braking properly. The front brake is actually your main brake – it provides 70% of your stopping power. By not using it, you are reducing your stopping power to only 30%, which means longer stopping distances and less control. Generally, you want to use both brakes fairly evenly when slowing or stopping. Do not to jam on the brakes – modulate the brakes, squeezing the brake levers progressively harder, not all at once. By modulating the brakes, you make it almost impossible to flip the bike. If you do find yourself going fast and in an emergency stopping situation, you can still avoid going over the bars even grabbing a fistful of brake – stand up, move your weight back, grab the rear level just a moment before the front. With your weight back, you should stop without flipping, even if you have grabbed the front brake very hard. When I’m riding down really steep mountain bike trails, I’ll often find I need to let go of the rear brake and grab the front brake harder because the rear wheel will lock up and start skidding. You don’t want to skid for a couple reasons: one, it tears of the trail; but two, you actually have less control and a greater chance of crashing if you are skidding.
Another pointer on braking: brake before you turn. If you are coming up to a curve or turn, you want to slow down before you get into the turn. You want to try to not be braking while in the curve. Your tires only have a limited amount of traction, and that traction gets split up between braking and steering if they’re doing both at once. In other words, you have less traction for making it through the turn if you are braking during the turn. So slow down ahead of the turn and let the tires have all the traction toward steering when you are in the turn. Too much brake during the turn, front or rear, and you’ll find yourself skidding sideways and laying the bike down.
One more mistake I often see is people setting up their brakes too stiff. They like the lever to barely move before engaging and locking up the wheel. They believe it’s a sign of a strong brake. Well, they are mistaken. When the brake lever barely moves before locking the wheel, it causes two problems. First, it means no modulation, you can’t fine-tune the braking force as needed. You end up more likely to skid and lose control. Second, your fingers are not strongest when stretched way out; so you may not be able to brake hard enough! You want the lever to have some room for modulation. You should be able to bring the lever at least halfway back before locking the wheel. That way you have plenty of room to modulate rather than just having brakes on or off. And if you need to really grab hard on the brake, you’ll be able to do so. We sometimes get customers who want hydraulic brakes set up to have a stiffer lever, but they are usually not designed to be able to do so, because the manufacturer has designed the brake to have the best modulation and power when the lever is able to travel further. And on mechanical brakes, rim or disc, you’ll have more clearance for mud, water, etc. if the brakes are set up properly. With the lever set to have little movement before locking the wheel, the pad has to be so close to the rim or rotor that it will potentially cause other issues in braking performance due to the lack of clearance. On the other extreme, you don’t want the brake so loose that the lever comes all the way back to the grip without locking the wheel.
A note on brake pads: make sure they are in good shape before every ride! Rim brake pads should not be cracked, should be lined up with braking surface on the wheel, and should be thick enough to still have the grooves in the pads for water expulsion. Disc brake pads should still be at least close to 1mm thick (check with the pad manufacturer on proper thickness before replacement). If you are using disc brakes, it is also a good idea to break them in prior to the first ride. To break them in properly, find a flat area, speed up, then just use one brake to bring the bike to stop as quickly as you can while remaining in control and not locking the wheel (modulate!). Do this about 10 times for each brake. This bedding-in process will give you the best performance out the brakes before you go on your first real ride and give you a feel for how the brake responds to input.
Finally, make sure you can reach the brake lever easily. Most brakes have an adjustable reach. You want to be able to reach the lever comfortably and quickly in case of emergency. Many people benefit by adjusting the brake lever in a little bit from where it comes initially set up, especially if you have smaller hands.
Get Out! Have Fun! | <urn:uuid:0abbac9d-56d0-420f-a7eb-7117c8363fd3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.elementsport.com/2017/08/01/breaking-in-your-brakes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.949008 | 1,145 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Flooding has closed roads and led to evacuations in both states. Residents trapped in homes in remote areas of Umatilla County were evacuated by Oregon Army National Guard helicopter.
Washington Governor Jay Inslee issued emergency proclamation for 20 counties due to flooding and winter weather.
“The effects of this severe winter storm event continue to impact the life, health and property of individuals in this state, as well as the property and infrastructure of Washington state, and is a public disaster that affects the life, health, property or the public peace,” Inslee said in the proclamation.
The Washington Military Department’s Emergency Management Division continues to monitor and coordinate response activities. The proclamation directs state agencies to utilize state resources to do everything reasonably possible to assist affected communities. It also allows the state to apply for federal Department of Transportation funds to help permanently repair roadways. Road damage caused by recent snow is estimated at more than $3 million.
Severe flooding was reported in the Orting areas after the Puyallup River overflowed.
Residents in the Nisqually Delta area of Thurston County were urged to evacuate after Tacoma Power advised they will be increasing the water flow from the LaGrande Dam.
Evacuation orders were also issued for parts of Walla Walla County.
NWS Seattle issued a flood warning for the Snohomish River near Monroe. As of 08 February the river stood at 16.28 feet, where major flood stage is 17 feet.
Some areas recorded more than 6 inches / 150mm of rain in 72 hours to 07 February.
The counties included in the emergency proclamation are: Clallam, Clark, Cowlitz, Grays Harbor, Island, Jefferson, King, Kitsap, Lewis, Mason, Pacific, Pierce, San Juan, Skagit, Skamania, Snohomish, Thurston, Wahkiakum, Whatcom and Walla Walla Counties.
Earlier this week authorities closed a border crossing with Canada after flooding left roads impassable in areas around the town of Sumas, Washington.
Meanwhile in Oregon, Governor Kate Brown declared a state of emergency in Umatilla, Union, and Wallowa counties due to severe flooding, increased snowmelt, landslides, and erosion.
“Fast-moving, severe floods have required the evacuation of residences and shut down critical roads in northeastern Oregon. I am grateful for all of our first responders for their efforts to keep our families safe since the waters began rising,” Governor Brown said. “This emergency declaration ensures state resources, emergency response personnel, and equipment can be activated to complement critical local resources as this situation progresses.”
Oregon Office of Emergency Management (OEM) reported on 07 February that “moderate to major flooding continues on the Umatilla and Walla Walla rivers with flooding on multiple creeks and streams. While flooding should improve into the weekend, additional rains over the mountains may slow the recession of flood waters.”
Oregon Army National Guard used a helicopter to help evacuate residents stranded by rising floodwaters in remote areas of Umatilla County.
The overflowing Umatilla river caused flooding in Pendleton, prompting roads closures and evacuations. OEM said around 14 people were staying in a shelter for impacted residents.
On 06 February the Umatilla at Pendleton reached 19.18 feet, well above major flood stage of 17 feet.
Oregon Department of Transportation said roads were closed or had detours in at least 7 locations, including the Interstate 84 near the city of Echo, Umatilla County.
— East Pierce IAFF3520 (@IAFF3520) February 7, 2020
Amazing drone video from over South Prairie Creek in the Orting area.
– the road is definitely flooded
– it is definitely still raining
– people definitely should not be driving on this road
We can't say this enough times… TURN AROUND – DON'T DROWN!!!!!! pic.twitter.com/bPbmfCdfg2
— Pierce Co Sheriff (@PierceSheriff) February 7, 2020
— NWS Seattle (@NWSSeattle) February 7, 2020
Earlier we shared a photo of how the flood waters scoured the roadway along I-84 at MP 187 near Echo in #easternOR. Here is some earlier footage from how it got that way. You can see how fast the water was moving. #orwx pic.twitter.com/4ioipDbDvA
— OregonDOT (@OregonDOT) February 7, 2020 | <urn:uuid:f996839b-ebc3-4e03-b069-9494454080c7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://floodlist.com/america/usa/floods-washington-oregon-february-2020 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.9494 | 975 | 1.640625 | 2 |
The model overview widget is a navigation support control that is extremely useful when the user is dealing with a large model. Despite all the other ways to navigate through the model, this widget has its own singular way to move the canvas area. On the image below note the blue rectangle over the model. This rectangle covers exactly the area visible on the canvas area, thus its dimension changes whenever the main window is resized or the zoom factor is adjusted. The overall widget's dimension changes as the database model boundaries change as well. These boundaries are determined by the position of the most distant objects from the origin point. Also, the boundaries will be updated whenever an object movement occurs in the canvas.
The only interaction possible over this widget is to click and drag the blue rectangle. This action will cause the canvas area to be moved to the position represented by the current position of the rectangle on the overview widget. With this feature, you can quickly reach positions in an enormous database model without navigating using the scroll bars or the arrow keys on the canvas area. The model overview can be activated by the shortcut key
F10 or clicking the icon on the control toolbar at the main window (see Main window section on Chapter 1: Main controls overview). | <urn:uuid:0fbf60d4-160a-41a1-915b-c09be6aab41b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pgmodeler.io/support/docs/61-model-overview?v=0.9.4 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.896036 | 247 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Biography - A Short Wiki
Born Leonard Anderson, he was a rapper whose first mixtape was released posthumously by his friends, featuring some of his singles such as “So Loud” and “The Gat.”
He was from the south side of Chicago.
How did LA Capone die?
LA Capone's death was caused by Murder.
|Cause of death||Murder|
|Age of death||17 years|
|Birthday||September 18, 1996|
|Death date||September 26, 2013|
|Place of death||Chicago, Illinois, United States|
|Place of burial||Mount Carmel Cemetery, Hillside, Illinois, U.S.| | <urn:uuid:236d3be3-321c-463f-88bb-6d5d7662beaa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.starswelost.com/la-capone-r-i-p-cause-of-death-date-of-death-age-and-birthday/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.956227 | 158 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Many areas in New Zealand are reporting continued increases in house prices, including Auckland, Southland, Wellington and Canterbury. While a few areas like Hawkes Bay and Northland experienced drops in the third quarter, the overall position is 6% higher for the year ending in September. Much like the rest of the world, New Zealand experienced some decline beginning in 2008, but its rebound started in 2009 and has continued steadily since then. Sales are also up across the country and are helped along by a relatively low interest rate, although construction remains weak and the mortgage market has slowed over the past decade. For more on this continue reading the following article from Global Property Guide.
Residential property prices in New Zealand have continued to rise in the third quarter of 2012. The national housing median price rose by 6% to NZ$371,000 (US$304,168) during the year to September 2012, according to the Real Estate Institute of New Zealand (REINZ).
Locally, Southland registered the biggest annual house price increase, with a 17% year-on-year (y-o-y) rise in September 2012. Districts which also recorded strong annual house price rises include Central Otago Lakes (14.4%), Auckland (8.4%), and Nelson/Marlborough (8.3%).
There were also modest house price increases in Canterbury/Westland (5.9%), Wellington (5.3%), Waikato/BOP (3.5%), Manawatu/Wanganui (3.2%), Taranaki (2.4%), and Otago (2.2%).
Only two districts recorded house price falls. House prices fell in Hawkes Bay (-2.9%) and Northland (-1.5%) during the year to end-September 2012.
Auckland has the most expensive housing in the country with an average price of NZ$515,000 (US$422,228) in September 2012 while Southland has the cheapest housing with an average price of NZ$200,000 (US$163,972).
This was supported by data released by the government valuer Quotable Value Ltd., showing the national residential property price index increased by 5.3% during the year to end-September 2012. Over the same period:
- In Auckland Area, the average sales price soared 7.2% to NZ$575,797 (US$472,073)
- In Wellington Area, the average sales price rose 2.3% to NZ$445,679 (US$365,394)
- In Main Urban Areas, the average sales price increased 6.1% to NZ$478,404 (US$392,224)
- The nationwide average sales price is now NZ$428,308 (US$351,153).
During the housing boom from 2001 to 2007, house prices rose 123% (87% in real terms), including 24% in 2003, 12.5% in 2004, 14.5% in 2005, 9.6% in 2006, and 7.7% in 2007.
House prices started to fall in early 2008, as the global crisis spread to New Zealand. During 2008, house prices fell 8.95% (-11.93% in real terms). Then in 2009, house prices rebounded by 5.42% (3.4% in real terms). However in 2010, house prices fell again by 1.65% (-5.45% in real terms). In 2011, house prices recovered slightly, rising by 2.8% (0.93% in real terms).
The median days-to-sell of dwellings declined to 33 days in September 2012, from 37 days a year earlier, and total dwellings sold increased by 8%, to 5,356 units. Residential mortgage loans were up 3.2% y-o-y, according to the Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ). More than 58% of the total outstanding residential mortgages had floating interest rates in August 2012, up from just 12.36% in August 2007.
Property prices are expected to continue rising. "With the strong, sustained period of growth recently, and the typical expected lift over the coming months, property values are not expected to slow," said Kerry Stewart of Quotable Value, Ltd. New Zealand’s economy is projected to expand by 2.2% in 2011, and 3.1% in 2013, partly due to the rebuilding plans in Canterbury, according to the IMF.
Non-residents are generally allowed to buy houses in New Zealand. However, purchase of property does not give the buyer the right to live permanently in the country.
The history of the boom
From 1992 to 2001, house prices in New Zealand rose in parallel with GDP per capita. House prices grew by an average of 4.9% per year from 1992 to 2001 while GDP per capita increased by an average of 4.6% per year over the same period.
Then from 2002 to 2007 house prices began to rise faster (by an average of 12.6% per year) than income (which grew by an average of 4.8% annually).
From 2008 to 2010, house prices dropped by an average of 1% annually while GDP per capita continued to grow, albeit at a slower rate of an average of 1.8% per year.
During the boom (2001-2007), the South Island registered the highest house price increases, due to the strong commodity market and tourism.
- Christchurch, the largest city in the South Island, achieved price increases of about 104% (74% in real terms).
- Other regions in the South Island saw even higher price rises, at around 141% (106% in real terms).
The North Island also saw strong house price rises from 2001 to 2007.
- Wellington’s house prices rose 79.7% (53.5% in real terms).
- Auckland’s house price rose 77.6% (51.7% in real terms).
Other North Island provinces registered an average 102.6%% price increase (73% in real terms).
Property sales up
The total value of residential property sales in New Zealand was NZ$2.46 billion (US$2.06 billion) in May 2011, up 8.4% from May 2010. Auckland accounted for almost half of the total sales of about NZ$1.21 billion (US$1 billion) during this period.
There were about 5,766 property sales in the country in May 2011, up 10.8% from the same period last year. However, this was just 62% of the total number of properties sold in May 2007.
In May 2011:
- In Auckland, there were a total of 2,188 property sales, up 16% from the previous year
- In Wellington, property sales rose by 4.6% y-o-y to 573 units
- In Canterbury, the number of properties sold was 654 units, down 9.9% from the previous year
The national median days to sell a property was 45 days in May 2011, up from 43 days in May 2010 and only 30 days in May 2007, according to REINZ.
In May 2011:
- Auckland recorded the shortest selling period at just 36 days, down from 37 days in May 2010
- In Wellington, the median number of days to sell was 47, up from 45 days last year
- In Canterbury, the median days to sell was unchanged from last year at 41 days
- Central Otago Lakes has the longest number of days to sell at 89 days
Construction activity remains weak
From January to May 2011, the total number of new dwelling units authorized was 4,993, down 25% from the same period last year, according to the Statistics New Zealand (SNZ). The total value of dwelling units authorized fell by 23% to NZ$1.43 billion (US$1.2 billion) over the same period.
In 2010, there were about 15,602 dwelling units authorized, up 8.2% from 2009 but still down by 15.5% from the levels attained in 2008. From 2002 to 2004, the average number of dwelling authorized was 30,000 per year. Then from 2005 to 2007, the number of dwelling authorized fell to an average of 26,000 per year.
With low levels of construction activity, a housing shortfall of 14,772 units is projected during the period 2011 to 2016, based on a report published by the Department of Building and Housing.
The country needs to build more than 20,000 housing units every year to maintain sufficient housing for the growing population, claim local property analysts. However, the number of dwelling consents was below 20,000 in the past three years. "Residential consents cannot stay this low given ongoing population growth and earthquake rebuilding," said Mark Smith of ANZ Bank.
The key interest rate is likely to remain at 2.5%
The recent downturn began when the country’s central bank, the Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ) decided to raise the Official Cash Rate (OCR) by steps to 8.25% by July 2008, from 5% in December 2003, to curb inflationary pressures. Floating mortgage rates rose to above 10%, while the 2-year fixed mortgage rate was above 9% by the second half of 2007.
However, in July 2008, the RBNZ dramatically reversed gear. By April 2009 the key rate was down a record low 2.5%, where it remained until May 2010.
Then the RBNZ decided to raise it by 25 basis points. In July 2010, the OCR was raised again by another 25 basis points to 3%. However, in March 2011, the key rate was slashed to 2.5% to cushion the economy after the Christchurch quake last February 2011.
Following the movements of the key rate, the floating mortgage rate dropped to 5.9% in April 2011, from 10.71% in April 2008. The three-year fixed rate slightly fell to 7.05% in April 2011, from 7.81% a year earlier.
The OCR is expected to remain at 2.5% until late 2011 despite high inflation, as New Zealand’s strong currency threatens the country’s economic recovery.
About 53.9% of the total residential mortgages had floating interest rates in May 2011, up from 12.9% in May 2008. About 27.9% of all mortgages can be reset after a year, while 4.8% are fixed for 2-5 years.
The mortgage market has slowed
New Zealand’s mortgage market has expanded rapidly over the past decade. Outstanding housing loans soared 201% from 1998 to 2010, according to RBNZ figures, rising from just 55.6% of GDP in 1998, to 90.9% of GDP in 2009. However, the size of the mortgage market shrank slightly in 2010, to 88.2% of GDP .
Rents rising, rental yields moderately good
The smallest sizes of apartment in Auckland earn yields of 6% or above – 6.4% in the case of apartments of 55 square metre (sq. m.), according to the Global Property Guide research conducted last August 2010. In a developed economy like New Zealand’s, a yield above 6% isn’t bad.
Rental yields in Wellington are similar with smaller apartments yielding above 6%.
The average weekly rent for new private tenancies in the country was NZ$334 (US$280) in May 2011, a rise of 0.9% from the previous month and up 4.7% from the same period last year, according to New Zealand’s Department of Building and Housing.
In May 2011:
- In Central Auckland, the average weekly market rent rose by 6.9% y-o-y to NZ$442 (US$371)
- In North Auckland, the average weekly rent was up 4.9% from the previous year, NZ$446 (US$374)
- In South Auckland, the average weekly rent rose by 6.4% y-o-y to NZ$399 (US$334)
Strong NZ dollar, high deficit
The strength of the New Zealand dollar, coupled with mounting budget deficit, is hindering a solid economic recovery. The strength of the New Zealand dollar (kiwi) is also a concern. From NZD1=USD0.5151 in February 2009, the New Zealand dollar has appreciated dramatically to NZD1=USD0.8174 in September 2012. The high New Zealand dollar handicaps exports and thus economic growth.
In the second quarter of 2012, the country posted a seasonally-adjusted current account deficit of NZ$2.9 billion (US$2.38 billion) in Q2 2012, up from NZ$2.6 billion (US$2.1 billion) in the previous quarter, according to Statistics New Zealand. For the year ending June 2012, the country’s current account deficit amounted to 4.9% of GDP, up from about 4.5% of GDP recorded in a year earlier.
New Zealand’s budget deficit was NZ$9.24 billion (US$7.58 billion) in the year through June 2012, wider than earlier forecast, according to data released by the government.
Inflation rose to 2.4% in the year to September 2012, based on TD Securities-Melbourne Institute Monthly Inflation Gauge. From 2000 to 2010, the overall inflation rate averaged 2.6% per year, according to the IMF. However in 2011, inflation rate in the country rose to more than 4%, due to higher prices for petrol, housing, cigarettes, tobacco, and food.
Migration flows weak, bad for house prices
International migrant flows have a significant impact on house price movements and construction activity in New Zealand. The housing boom during the early-2000s was strongly associated with immigration increases during that time.
The net inflow of permanent and long-term migration was highest in 2002, with more than 38,000 migrants, followed by 35,000 in 2003 and 15,000 in 2004. However, net migration was just 3,800 in 2008, which was attributed to a weak economy and low employment opportunities. In 2009, net migration increased again to 21,300 but plunged to just 10,500 in 2010.
In the year to May 2011, the net inflow of permanent and long-term migrants was just 4,625, down 74% from the same period last year.
New Zealand’s population is currently around 4.4 million, according to Statistics New Zealand, up from about 4 million recorded in the 2006 census. With a growth rate of 1% per year, population is projected to reach 5 million in 2020.
This article was republished with permission from Global Property Guide. | <urn:uuid:f98647f6-4ef8-43dc-b4c2-4d59bf5445b0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nuwireinvestor.com/new-zealand-real-estate-prices-ramp-up/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.960233 | 3,073 | 1.726563 | 2 |
|College||College of Education, Health, and Human Sciences|
|Center||Department of Child and Family Studies|
|Center||Early Experiences Research Center|
Hillary Fouts, co-director for the Early Experiences Research Center and cultural anthropologist, focuses on parenting practices and social-emotional development, with an emphasis on understanding the factors that influence children’s experiences and interactions with caregivers and social partners. Her research is conducted in diverse cultural and socioeconomic contexts, with a special interest in rural and urban populations from Central and East Africa. | <urn:uuid:f62e61c3-3bf2-4fd5-a2ab-a7b4a60fb963> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://experts.utk.edu/experts/hillary-fouts/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.87851 | 143 | 1.992188 | 2 |
WARM WINTER, EARLY SPRING INCREASE LIVESTOCK RISK FROM NOXIOUS WEED
May 24, 2012
Source: Ohio State Univ. news release
Ohio's warm winter and early spring mean that cressleaf groundsel is on the rise earlier than normal and has the potential to cause problems for livestock producers, says an Ohio State University Extension beef cattle expert.
The weed is now listed on Ohio's Noxious Weed list because of the poisonous characteristics it poses to some animals.
In fact, Ohio farmers are seeing more cressleaf groundsel than ever before, said Stan Smith, an OSU Extension program assistant in agriculture and natural resources. The unusually warm winter led to an early spring and has caused many biennial and perennial plants to get started several weeks ahead of normal
Winter 2012 was the warmest winter experienced nationwide since 2000 and the fourth-warmest winter on record, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. It occurred because the jet stream, which divides the cold air to the north from the warm air to the south, settled at a much higher latitude this year, the federal agency said.
And while cressleaf groundsel has become an increasing problem in minimum and no-till row crop fields and also in aging hay fields with less than acceptable stands, this year Smith said growers and producers are seeing much of it because the weed grows very well in multiple environments - including saturated soils.
"We've had cressleaf groundsel for about six to eight years but it's much more prevalent this year, especially in pasture fields damaged by trampling from last summer's record rainfall, which allowed weeds to fill in those spots," he said. "Then with the early spring weather in March, the weeds got off to a great start, a few weeks earlier than normal.
"We're seeing it in pasture fields, in row crop fields that haven't been planted yet and in hay fields where the stands have thinned. Cressleaf groundsel reproduces only from seeds and each plant produces many, probably hundreds of thousands seeds that are easily transported by the wind."
Cressleaf groundsel is a biennial. The plant is a member of the Aster/Composite family and is also called butterweed, yellowtop, golden ragwort, and yellow ragwort, Smith said.
The concern is that nearly all species of groundsel, which emerges in the fall and flowers in the spring, are considered a potential toxic plant because they contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), which are metabolized in the liver to other compounds that are toxic, primarily to liver cells.
"The PAs are found in the plant throughout the growing season but appear to be at their highest levels when the plant is in the bud to flower stage," he said. "The flowering portions of the plant and the youngest tissues generally contain the highest concentrations."
Poisoning usually occurs as a result of consumption of the plants over several days to several months, Smith said.
"Because the effect on the liver is cumulative, signs of poisoning can occur weeks to months after livestock have begun consuming cressleaf groundsel," he said. "Poisoning is caused by liver degeneration and failure.'"
While livestock typically don't eat cressleaf groundsel, if their other grasses are eaten down, they may eat it, Smith said. Livestock can also ingest it easily through hay bales chopped or processed into rations.
"If a horse consumes 5 percent of its body weight in the toxin, it could be fatal, typically due to liver failure," he said.
Producers should look for affected animals to show depression and loss of appetite initially, followed by neurological signs with head pressing, aimless walking, incoordination, and rectal straining, Smith said.
Another concern is that PAs are not destroyed by the hay-making and curing process, he said.
"Ensiling of forages may reduce the concentration of PAs, but will not entirely eliminate them," Smith said. "One way to avoid concerns with cressleaf groundsel in the future is to consider re-seeding hayfields with thin stands."
Sheep have also been used in some areas to control the plant because the animals are considered more resistant to the effects of PAs than cattle and horses.
But, he cautioned, sheep are susceptible to poisoning if they consume sufficient amounts.
More information on identifying cressleaf groundsel can be found at http://ohioline.osu.edu/b866/b866_12.html. And more information on how to control this plant can be found at http://beef.osu.edu/library/Cressleaf.pdf.
OSU Extension Educator Jeff McCutcheon also discusses current cressleaf groundsel concerns in this short video: http://go.osu.edu/GROUNDSEL. | <urn:uuid:f75b2ed8-e790-4aa4-9e46-de4c33f8a5b3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.agrimarketing.com/s/75312 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.960161 | 1,041 | 3.078125 | 3 |
Thousands of people, especially the young, have taken to the streets across the world in opposition to the naked greed by the ruling elite and growing impoverishment of the mass of people. The chasm between the obscenely rich ruling oligarchs and the majority of workers has been brought into sharp relief in the terrible pandemic. Many, in all walks of life, are searching for a new way forward. Socialist change is in the air. Could this be the beginnings of the coming socialist revolution?
In this third book on the history of the work of the Socialist Party (CWI England & Wales), Peter Taaffe outlines a Marxist and Trotskyist analysis of developments in the global capitalist system, including the political events that flow from them, from the financial crash of 2007-08 through to 2019.
At the same time, numerous examples of successful trade union, political, and class battles bring to life not only the kind of organisation and audacity that can win against the bosses now but also helps workers to hone the kind of methods and organisation that can ultimately bring about fundamental socialist change.
‘The Struggle For World Socialism’ by Peter Taaffe, £12 (Sterling), will be published this summer. To inquire about orders, contact: email@example.com | <urn:uuid:81badf1e-a2ef-4c86-9237-74cedfbd6a28> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.socialistworld.net/2021/06/10/new-book-out-soon-the-struggle-for-world-socialism-by-peter-taaffe/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.936634 | 261 | 1.5 | 2 |
The incredible true story of the trailblazing men who risked everything to pass through the Iron Curtain and become NHL superstars, Breakaway is a thrilling look at the untold stories that changed hockey forever. From midnight meetings in secluded forests, to evading capture by military and police forces, this is the story of the brave players whose passion of the game trumped all.
Featuring exclusive interviews with the legends of the ice who put everything on the line just for the chance to play on the world's greatest stage, many of them speaking about their experiences for the very first time, the book looks at how Peter Stastny, Igor Larionov, Petr Klima, Petr Nedved, Sergei Fedorov, Slava Fetisov, Alexander Mogilny, and other hockey superstars captured the imaginations of fans around the world.
- The remarkable true story of some of the true pioneers of hockey, told for the very first time, often in the players' own words
- A fascinating look behind the Iron Curtain and the trials these brave men endured for a taste of freedom, through their love of the game
- Looks at how some of the NHL's greatest players made it onto North American ice
As much a tale of espionage and social history as a gripping hockey chronicle, Breakaway sheds light on the untold stories of some of the sports' most inspiring heroes.
Keywords: Sports, Tal Pinchevsky, Breakaway: How Some of the World's Greatest Hockey Players Risked Their Careers, Their Families, and Their Lives for a Shot at Freedom, breakaway hockey, hockey book, iron curtain hockey, soviet hockey, hockey history, history of hockey, Peter Stastny, Igor Larionov, Petr Klima, Petr Nedved, Sergei Fedorov, Slava Fetisov, Alexander Mogilny, NHL history, hockey legends book | <urn:uuid:02a5ba5d-61ac-4fc6-ad89-3119b15e57fa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ellibs.com/book/9781118096208/breakaway-from-behind-the-iron-curtain-to-the-nhl-the-untold-story-of-hockeys-great-escapes | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.901036 | 392 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Resin flooring for the food industry
The food industry has very stringent requirements for production and processing rooms, catering facilities, and food storage units. Here high sanitary standards come first; microbial infestation and other accumulations of contaminants must be prevented. Food products often contain acids and colours which can damage or change the floor materials by direct contact.
A flooring system that is strong and easy to clean is very important for this industry.
We offer mixed resin floorings for the food industry. Polyurethane floorings with cement admixtures are best for the processing conditions typically found in food and catering environments. A polyurethane-cement flooring has good anti-slip properties, with a high resistance to heat and aggressive cleaning products. These floorings are antimicrobial and comply with the HACCP requirements. | <urn:uuid:62f01165-92f1-4f01-9dd4-4873aac9d21f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.tqsflooring.com/en/services/resin-flooring-for-the-food-industry | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.934007 | 169 | 1.648438 | 2 |
For many, material conveyance is a necessary factor in their manufacturing and processing procedures. Much of the time our large array of different Line Vacs (air operated conveyors) can suit a large array of different conveying applications; but sometimes the stock item is just not the right fit for a specific application. Fortunately, since we manufacture everything here in Cincinnati, OH we have the flexibility to provide custom products throughout all of our 16 product lines. The Line Vac product line, even as large as it is, is a pretty common product for us to customize and manufacture. The following are a few examples of special Line Vacs that we have made in the past.
Liner Vacs connect to a hose, tube or pipe to create a powerful inline conveyor, powered by compressed air.
The Special Mini Line Vac:
This special was designed with barbed fittings for easier installation for a manufacturer of integrated circuit chips. It was used to remove microscopic debris. The small body and high vacuum flow made it a perfect fit for the confined working space.
The PVDF Line Vac:
This 1 ½” flanged Line Vac was designed using PVDF to provide a superior chemical resistance. In this case the unit was going to be exposed to a chloride wash which will corrode all versions of steel including stainless steel. The QF Flanges were also added to provide easy disassembly when the Line Vac was scheduled for cleaning.
The Special Flanged Line Vac:
This next special Line Vac was used to convey a measured granulated material into a pouch. The funnel side was loaded with the pre-measured material and pushed into a mesh pouch when the air was activated.
Special Flanged Refumigation Line Vac:
This flanged Line Vac was used to retrofit existing machinery to remove acidic vapors resulting from surface etching of a silicon wafer. Where this would typically be a nice fit for a Stainless Steel Air Amplifier, the existing exhaust piping was lengthy with many bends that would have caused back pressure on any Air Amplifiers. In this case, they needed the additional force from the Line Vac to overcome this downstream resistance.
As you can see there isn’t much that we can’t do for you. The sky is the limit when it comes to thinking up of a custom-made solution for your application. Our Application Engineers are just the right folks to work with when considering a custom solution for your process. They have seen and heard many requests and past success stories, which can aid with any future solutions you may need. Whether it is for a blow off application using air knives, cooling application using vortex tubes, or of course conveyance application using a Line Vac.
If you have questions about our custom made Line Vac solutions or any of our engineered Intelligent Compressed Air® Products, feel free to contact EXAIR or any Application Engineer. | <urn:uuid:21f7a29e-04dd-4eb1-9e0c-07890efd94ff> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.exair.com/tag/flanged-line-vac/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.957183 | 585 | 1.71875 | 2 |
Are PS2 and XBox games written in some common language like C or C++ or do they have proprietary languages and/or development platforms?
Mostly C and C++, with bits of assembly language. They often use third-party libraries, toolkits, and graphics engines. Sometimes higher level languages are used for non-performance sensitive parts of the program.
Thanks! I was just curious
Not to hijack, but what about the games I still play? NES, Sega Genesis, Atari? They still in C++ or are they in something more like Basic?
The old games were most likely written in C/assembly. Basic’s not exactly something you can make blazingly fast.
Assembly language dominated the era of 8-bit CPUs and ROM cartridges. It was the only way to meet the space and speed limitations of these systems. With the exception of FORTH, high-level languages were too slow and resource intensive.
Mainly C/C++ with pretty large chunks of assembly. The xbox is pretty similar to a PC using DirectX, PS2 is totally different and requires alot of crazy low-level stuff. The AI is often written using a scripting language such as LUA or Python (or a completely propriatary language).
The 2600 was (in fact, still is by dedicated homebrewers) programmed entirely in 6809 assembler (more or less the same as 6502) altough enterprising 2600 coder Batari from AtariAge recently wrote a high level BASIC compiler for the 2600 that runs under Windows. Obviously because of the difficulties inherent in programming on a machine with 128 bytes of RAM and no screen buffer, you’re very limited as to what kind of display kernel you can use, but it’s enough to knock out some simple and entertaining games without twisting your brain in knots learning to code the venerable VCS the old fashioned way.
Yup. Even in the 16-bit days (e.g., SNES), assembly language coding was the norm. I think somebody has made a C compiler specifically for the SNES (5A22), but I doubt anything like that was actually used back in the day. I’ve done a fair bit of SNES disassembly / hacking myself, and to be honest, I didn’t even use an assembler most of the time. I used to have almost half of the 5A22/65c816 instruction set memorized, but it’s been a while now.
The Atari 2600 used a version of the 6502. The 6809 was a distant cousin of the 6502, as it descended from the 6800. The 6502 was designed by engineers who had previously worked on the 6800 for Motorola. At the time of its introduction in 1975, the 6502 was considerably cheaper than its competition, the Intel 8080A and Motorola 6800. Motorola introduced the 6809, a considerably enhanced version of the 6800, about four years later.
Sorry. Long days at work don’t help my brain congeal. I meant 6507, of course.
Nowadays Microsoft is touting their XNA environment, which is sort of a unified platform for games development on the XBox 360 and (in future) on Windows itself. | <urn:uuid:81038f66-5358-4e6d-bc9a-47bef3c9b725> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://boards.straightdope.com/t/what-language-are-console-games-written-in/353990 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.964066 | 680 | 2.171875 | 2 |
|Stage 1||Stage 2||Stage 3||Stage 4||CAT-ratings|
A. Flight Planning
In this first section, I kept track of all things I needed to learn to carry out proper flight planning. Including weather briefings, cloud separation, and staying clear of special airspaces.
Crosshair on airport icon means that facilities are available (e.g., fuel, repair, etc.).
Blue airports have control towers, the pink ones do not.
Airports with a star indicates that the part-time tower frequency is remoted to a collocated full-time FSS for use as Local Airport Advisory (LAA) when the tower is closed.
The ‘C’ at the end of certain CTAF frequencies indicates Unicom availability. You can call up Unicom on the CTAF frequency by simply saying ... 'Blabla Unicom, Skylane, ... etc., landing advisories' so they can give you info about active runway and other NOTAMs. To stick to CTAF, just go with the usual 'Blabla Traffic, Skylane ... etc, ...' Note that in PilotEdge no UNICOM is simulated.
VORTAC is a VOR combined with TACAN to provide both bearing and range information.
TRACON is all Approach air traffic controllers.
ARTCC is all Center air traffic controllers.
VICTOR AIRWAYS are official VFR flight routes between VORTACs. Number of digits of the Victor airway does not indicate altitude (opposed to military VR/IR routes). They cover altitudes from approximately 1,200 feet above ground level (AGL) up to, but not including 18,000 feet above mean sea level (MSL). You are allowed to descend or climb on Victor airways. However, this might be dangerous. FAA recommends to do gentle turns while descending/climbing to have a better few of up or down traffic.
MTRs are Military Training Routes. On sectionals, depicted as either IR or VR routes. The difference between the IR and VR routes is that IR routes are flown under Air Traffic Control, while VR routes are not. Either VR or IR route is identified by either 4 digits for routes <1,500 ft AGL, or 3 digits for routes extending for at least one leg above 1,500 ft AGL. (eg: VR-1056).
Remember that MTRs, as well as with Victor airways, are not just flown ‘exactly’ on track of the airway; these airways are actually ‘airspaces’ 4nm wide each side of the airway track. So in PilotEdge, expect traffic within a 8nm bandwidth.
MOA is a type of special use airspace (SUA) where military operations are of a nature that justify limitations on aircraft not participating in those operations. These areas are not necessarily active 24/7 or valid up to unlimited heights. You can look up whether or to what extend these areas are ‘hot’ by switching in SkyVector to the original sectional chart view (‘Los Angeles’) and scroll all the way up to legend of the sectional, and look for the particular MOA and its active times. The MOA altitudes depicted in the legenda (applies to restricted, warning, etc. too) are always given in MSL and are the BASE of the airspace, not its ceiling.
RESTRICTED airspace is an airspace in which the local controlling authorities have determined that air traffic must be restricted (if not continually prohibited) for safety or security concerns. Like MOAs, these are not necessarily active 24/7 or active from surface to outer space. Check the legenda for specifics.
PROHIBITED airspace refers to airspace where flying is not allowed, usually due to security concerns. It differs from restricted airspace in that entry is typically forbidden at all times from all aircraft and is not subject to clearance from ATC or the airspace’s controlling body. Prohibited airspace is a no-go at all times.
WARNING areas is airspace extending from 3 nautical miles outward from the coast of the U.S., that contains military activity that may be hazardous to non-participating aircraft. The purpose of such warning areas is to warn non-participating pilots of the potential danger. Like MOA and RESTRICTED areas, check the legenda to see whether the WARNING area is active.
ALERT areas are depicted on aeronautical charts to inform non-participating pilots of areas that may contain a high volume of pilot training or an unusual type of aerial activity. Pilots should be particularly alert when flying in these areas (or preferably just avoid them). All activity within an alert area must be conducted in accordance with CFRs, without waiver, and pilots of participating aircraft as well as pilots transiting the area must be equally responsible for collision avoidance.
PS. WARNING and ALERTS areas are practically similar. Warning areas are military in nature, often coastal, and hazardous. Alert areas are used for dense pilot training or other activity. In both cases, you may transition, but is strongly discouraged.
TRSA (in SoCal only concerns Palm Springs International airport) is a airspace you can ignore. It’s old-school Charlie airspace, but without the requirement of radio contact. You can freely transition without talking to a soul (if you must). If you do contact, either on ground or on arrival, you’ll receive Charlie-like guidance.
500ft rule: An aircraft must maintain an altitude of 500ft AGL or higher above the surface (expect over open water of sparsely populated areas; but never over any person, vessel, vehicle or structure).
1000ft rule: An aircraft must maintain an altitude of 1,000 feet above the highest obstacle within a horizontal radius of 2,000 feet of the aircraft over any congested area of a city, town, or settlement, or over any open air assembly of persons.
VFR MINUMUMS is visibility >3SM and ceiling is >1000ft AGL. Note that ‘ceiling’ means overcast or broken cloud layer only; so scattered layers below 1000 ft are fine (formally). Also note that that ceiling rule only applies to controlled airspace, not uncontrolled airspace; meaning that there are many untowered airports in G airspace where this 1000ft ceiling rule does not apply.
As usual TPA is at 1000 ft AGL (and airport is in E, D or E airspace), you could say that minimal cloud ceiling should be 1500ft AGL and visibility of 3 miles or greater to be able to fly legally. However, as is true for cloud separation too (see below), the VFR MINIMUMS criteria are likely far more challenging (scary) than your personal weather limitations. So practically, if you encounter any situation in which you need to consider the weather minimums ... you should seriously ask yourself whether to fly in the first place.
CLOUD SEPARATION in E airspace (from 1200ft, 700ft (fuzzy magenta), or surface level (dashed magenta extended)) up to 10.000ft MSL, including D and C airspace from surface, in daytime, the ‘3512’ rule applies: meaning minimal 3SM visibility, 500 feet below cloud ceiling, 1000 feet above cloud ceiling, 2000 feet horizontal of clouds. In G airspace (below 1200ft AGL, or as otherwise depicted by the blue fuzzy or chained airspace depiction), you may legally fly in not less than 3SM visibility and clear of clouds.
You are allowed to fly "on top" of a cloud ceiling, even overcast, given the 1000 ft clearance, WITHOUT visual reference to the ground. Only student, recreational or sport pilots should ensure visual reference to the ground while above the clouds ceiling. In such cases when VFR, seriously consider whether your flight is safe in the first place.
MARGINAL VFR (MVFR) is considered a cloud ceiling 1,000 to 3,000 feet AGL and/or visibility 3 to 5 miles inclusive – that you are legally allowed to fly in, however, due to the fact that is nearing VFR bare minimums, is already discouraged to fly in. The FAA defines true/safe VFR weather: ceilings of 3000ft AGL or higher and visibility more than 5 miles.
ATC will only see precipitating clouds on radar, not all individual clouds. So they cannot tell whether you are flying through small flocks of clouds. Avoid flying through big clouds (that likely have precipitation) by asking ATC to fly higher, lower or other bearing.
SURFACE MAPS (and projected ones) are useful as a starting point, to develop an overall ‘picture’ of the weather system.
SIGWX (significant weather) translates surface charts to MVFR and IFR area depictions, at today's morning (06Z) and evening (18Z) hours. Great chart to get a VFR-oriented look at current/forecasted global weather conditions.
FA is a forecast of visual flight rules (VFR) clouds and weather conditions over an area as large as the size of several states. It must be used in conjunction with the AIRMET Sierra (IFR) bulletin for the same area in order to get a complete picture of the weather.
AIRMETs are mostly useful to know whether any current IFR conditions (also including icing, visibility issues, etc.) are in effect around the area of your planned flight route.
SATELLITE cepicts cloud coverage (among many other things). Useful to investigate overall cloud formation along your route. Use satellite cloud coverage to verify likely cloud formations based on your surface weather map analysis (see above).
Make use of the The Skew T Log P chart. It visualizes, for any particular airport you input, altitude-specific temperatures/dew-points; i.e., where both meet, likely condensation/cloud formation. This way, you can obtain very useful meteorological information about the likelihood of multiply cloud layers forming at airports. Input various airports along your planned flight route to get a picture of the (forecasted) cloud ceilings.
RADAR depicts areas of precipitation. It's not just about knowing where the precipitation is. Denser areas of precipitation also indicate bad weather conditions in general (turbulence, wind speeds, etc.).
SIGMET is not a forecast, but a statement of fact about the existence of thunderstorms. In comparison to AIRMETs, SIGMETs cover only severe conditions and convective information for thunderstorms.
METAR is an aviation routine weather report issued at hourly or half-hourly intervals. It is a description of the meteorological elements observed at an airport at a specific time. Use surface temperature and dew point in METARs to investigate humidity (the closer both meet, the more humid it is), as humidity greatly affects aircraft performance. Do not just read the latest METAR of an airport, but also include in your study the last 3 to 5 METARs to get a picture of how the weather is developing at the airport.
A Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF) is a concise statement of the expected meteorological conditions at an airport during a specified period (usually 24 hours). The TAF reads as a forecast-METAR, using the same abbreviations. The only main difference is the addition of a ‘time valid’ string, like 091400 (9th of the month, valid to 14:00h)
You can try to forecast the weather on your own, using the Surface Analysis Chart (basic front lines, high/low pressure areas, etc.). This is usually good practice as the first thing to do when carrying out a weather briefing.
Low pressure system = bad weather, warmer temperatures (rising air, counter-clockwise, inward). High pressure system = good weather, colder temperatures (falling air, clockwise, outward).
Cold fronts (bad to severe weather; blue shark ‘tooth’ like, biting), warm fronts (moderate rain; ‘sunny’ like sunrise), occluded fronts (sustained rain), troughs (dashed orange line; cloudy conditions, rain).
Low fronts are especially strong, when the temperature difference on the warm and cold side of the front is great.
While low fronts are mostly more focussed areas, warm fronts cover a wider area with less severe weather than cold fronts. However, thunderstorms can still occur.
Occluded fronts, generally found where a cold front overtakes a warm front because of an exceptionally strong circulation around a low, can make for nasty, bumpy flying.
Troughs may be at the surface, or aloft, or both under various conditions. Most troughs bring clouds, showers, and a wind shift, particularly following the passage of the trough. This results from convergence or "squeezing" which forces lifting of moist air behind the trough line.
A squall line is a line of severe thunderstorms that can form along and/or ahead of a cold front. This high pressure area is formed due to strong descending motion behind the squall line, and could come in the form of a downburst.
Avoid low pressure systems. Avoid cold fronts. Avoid warm fronts. Avoid occluded fronts.
Standard air pressure is 1013mb. So anything below is considered low pressure, anything higher is considered high pressure.
Winds flow parallel to isobar-lines, in the direction of the relative low pressure (counter-clockwise) or high low pressure (clockwise) direction. The more ‘packed’ the isobars are, the higher the wind speeds.
Visualize the flow around the low and if the source of the low-level air along your route is moist, as in that coming from over the oceans or the Gulf of Mexico or California, then there will be plenty of ingredients for clouds and rain. The stronger the flow, the more important this becomes.
COR in METAR/TAF information means correction to a previously disseminated observation
FM: denotes a quick Wx change within 60 minutes (TL = until). BECMG = becoming, denotes a permanent change in Wx over the next 2 hours. BECMG 0710 means between 07 and 10 zulu
Only applies to cruise altitude of 3000ft AGL or higher: when you fly eastbound (360-179) you fly on odd numbered thousand of feet, plus 500 feet (3500ft, 5500ft, 7500ft, etc.). When you fly westbound (180-359) you fly even numbered thousand of feet, plus 500 feet (4500ft, 6500ft, 8500ft, etc.). Mnemonic: 'Odd pilots fly to the east'.
The FAA recommends to do gentle turns while descending/climbing to have a better few of up or down traffic.
In theory, it seems okay to just stay away from any depicted airways or airspaces on the sectional chart to avoid other traffic. Yet, departure and arrival legs to and from airports (especially Charlie and Bravo ones) are NOT depicted on the sectional and contribute to high traffic density surrounding depicted airport airspaces (e.g. jets departing 250 knots on 4000 feet out of Charlie airspace). While you are legal to skirt any given Charlie airspace on any altitude, you may frustrate ATC by forcing them to divert inbound or outbound traffic around you. So you can do 4 things: (1) study the departure and arrival procedures for those airports and plan for safer travel around those arrival/departure routes; (2) contact a Charlie's Approach or Delta's Tower to let them know your intentions so they can assign you a better altitude or course temporarily; (3) fly over the airspace midfield to stay clear from most departure and arrival routes; or preferrably (4) get flight following and informing TRACON/ARTCC of your flight intentions; as they can assign you an altitude or heading to fly that keeps you clear of inbound and outbound traffic (as the PE departure/approach/center controller will also be the approach controller at every Charlie).
Best is to not pick isolated visual reference points, but pick 'visual guide LINES'. Such as highways, rivers or mountain ridges. Great "isolated" visual reference points are guide lines that intersect, such as highway intersections or a river crossing a highway.
Your first visual reference point should be seen after departure (not after some time of flying). Best is to "chain" visual references along your route.
Never use pilotage as your standalone navigation technique. Always combine pilotage with radio navigation.
It's also good practice to consider after what flight time (from previous nav point) you expect to see the visual reference point. Time duration is a great navigation aid.
EXPECTED FLIGHT TIME is simply calculated. Knots are nautical miles per hour. Given a cruise speed of 120 knots (Note: that 120 knots is true/ground airspeed ... so with headwind, that 120 indicated airspeed might be in fact 100 knots), means gaining 2nm every minute (120 knots = 120 nm/h).
EXPECTED FUEL CONSUMPTION is simply calculated through looking at the fuel flow gauge. On average, at cruise 10 gallons per hour (see aircraft performance tables). That translates to about 0.2 gallons per minute (more conservative).
HOW MUCH FUEL ON BOARD is always given in terms of hours/minutes (not gallons). Just dive the total number of gallons from both wings by the current average fuel flow to get the remaining hours of flight time. To be safe, and easy, just use 10 GPH as a rule. This translates to taking 10% of your total gallons from both wings to get hours of fuel on board.
HOW MUCH RANGE is calculated based on the above. First off, depends on winds. Given a GROUND speed of 100 knots (conservative), you'll make 100 nm in 1 hour. Because 1 hour flight time translates to 10 gallons in cruise, on average, 10 gallons is equal to 100 nm range; 1 gallon is equal to 10 nm. Simply put, just multiply your total gallons by 10 to get current maximum range.
REQUIRED FUEL is calculated by the inverse rule of calculating range: Just take 10% of your calculated total flight distance to get the number of gallons of fuel you need to make the trip (100 knot GROUND speed). To be safe, add 13 gallons for reserve (5 gallons for startup and taxi and another 8 gallons for emergency (45 minutes of extra cruise flight time (night = 45 min; day = 30 min) for diverting to alternate, or go-arounds). Mnemonic for 13: "Don't be unlucky, add 13 gallons".
On PilotEdge, you can file VFR flight plans too. Note that those are not necessary, as air traffic controllers will not see those on their screens. However, all submitted flight plan info will be displayed on PilotEdge's Aware map as hover text for each user/flight online.
Next up was understanding the different aspects to maintaining my aircraft. Seemingly minor things that can potentially have big impact on flight performance.
The pitot tube cover should be put on after each flight, irrespective of the outside air temperature. It prevents bugs or dust from geting into the tube.
Note that you should only use the tiedowns on parking spots where there are tiedown marks on the pavement.
Typically, the rule states to only start leaning at or above 3000 ft density altitude. However, you should actually lean on pretty much any altitude. The above rule is designed to prevent pilots from accidentally lean in >75% power settings ... resulting in overheating and damaging the engine; at or above 3000ft density altitude, the air is too thin for the engine to go full power, thereby naturally preventing leaning at full power. So rather, lean on whatever altitude, but beware not to lean at >75% power (i.e. takeoff or climb).
In cruise, you should set RPM to about 2100 – 2300 RPM. The less RPM, the more economical the engine runs (both in speed, fuel burn, and endurance).
The propeller lever does not directly regulate the prop feather, but rather the 'governor' that uses engine oil to indirectly regulale the feathering of the prop to get the right RPM. You can note the drop in oil pressure when using the propellor lever. The governor only works at higher RPM.
Use the two-blade propeller in medium-altitude cruise flights (less drag than using a the third blade). Use the three-blade propeller in high-altitude cruise flights where the air is thinner (and the third blade will contribute to more power).
Know your equipment suffix code: RNAV is also loosely used to describe any ‘straight line’ navigation method like GPS, as well as the old RNAV method too. GNSS means having a GPS on board. So with the GTN750 you are /G (“slant Golf”) = RVSM, GNSS, Transponder with Mode C. Without any GPS, you are /A (“slant Alpha”) = RVSM, DME, Transponder with Mode C.
Proper radio communication is key to safe flight. While there are some basic communication procedures to go by, there also some minor considerations and styles to remember and incorporate in your routines.
'Roger' means message received.
'Affirmative' means yes.
'Negative' means no.
'Wilco' means I've received the message, understand it, and will comply.
Say 9 as niner, 5 as fife, and 3 as tree.
Don't do 'Radio checks', just call in with your callsign and wait for your reply.
Don't confirm 'Stand-bys' from the controller. These don't require replies and any replies actually disturb the thing that the controllers are currently focused on.
Don't say 'with you'. In fact, remove as much grammar in your sentences as possible.
If you need to leave your PC during a flight on PE, just say: 'PH-TIM is back in 2 minutes' and wait for confirmation. When back, 'PH-TIM is back'
At untowered airports, don't use your full callsign, but use your abbreviated one ('TIM').
Enter a downwind leg on the 45 degree by saying 'Oceano Traffic, Skylane TIM, 5 miles south at 1000, 45 to the left downwind, rwy 29, full stop, Oceano.
In PE, two controllers are governing the PE service area at a given time. One does radar facilities (Departure, Approach, Center) the other non-radar (Clearance, Ground, Tower). Saying 'Have a good day' or 'See ya' thus applies in PE only when switching from Tower to Departure/Approach/Center in case of flight following, or from Departure/Approach/Center to Tower. Or, when you sign off.
Sign off from controllers by saying 'Thanks for the help'.
When controllers ask to put in a squawk and 'ident'. Means hitting 'ident' button on transponder. Never ident on your own accord.
Don't say '1500' feet, but 1-thousand 5-hundred feet.
When contacting Departure after takeoff (Flight Following), or when contact Center/Approach during cruise, say: PH-TIM climbing/descending through X thousand X feet. Or, level at X thousand X feet.
Only use your abbreviated callsign when ATC did so. Doing so on your own according is not allowed, as it might confuse your callsign with other similar callsigns currently active.
When switch from Center/App to the final App controller of a Charlie-class airport, report your ATIS information as well. Report your ATIS information once more when switching over to Tower. In other words, get ATIS 30 miles out during cruise, so you'll be ready.
At untowered airports, always announce crossing the runway (midfield or at the numbers) when taxiing.
Some airports, like John Wayne SNA, require pilots to set their transponder mode to ALT when on ground at all times. See the airport diagram or facility directory to find out if applicable.
Some airport diagrams depict runup areas. Whether or not these are depicted on the diagram, it's good practice to ask Ground to execute a runup if the runup area is anything other than near the runway threshold (to prevent blocking other aircraft).
When talking to ATC, refer to your present location at the airport as 'near FBO, transient parking/ general aviation parking/tower/etc., followed by north/west/east/south of the airport' or just by referring to the north/west/east/south of the airport.
No matter whether you are at a Delta or Charlie airport, you start with Ground to request your departure. Only in case you like to have Flight Following or open your IFR flight plan, you call up Clearance (delivery) first.
Make sure that the airplane’s blast way is not directed towards other nearby aircraft, people or hangars because sand and stones will be blasted.
Make sure you have enough room to taxi away from your parking position.
You can taxi without permission on non-movement/uncontrolled areas from or toward fuel station.
After the run-up, make a 360 degree turn to check for any (NORDO) traffic in the pattern.
Do your engine startup and run-up on your tow brakes (as in the real world, you should apply manual braking too).
The FAA AIM states that Crosswind leg callouts are not required. This is mainly due to reduce the amount of broadcasting (as CTAF is shared with nearby airports and the frequency can get busy quite quickly).
Pay close attention to the airport identifiers that pilots use on CTAF to prevent misinterpretations.
Before turning in the traffic pattern, always look both left and right before turning.
After takeoff, carry out ATC departure instructions at 500ft AGL.
Standard traffic pattern departure procedure is straight-out, 45 degree (inward to airport!), crosswind, or downwind departure.
Keep your patterns tight, about .5 to 1 mile away from the runway. Should be close enough so you can safely make a return landing in case of an engine-out (including the turn to align yourself with the runway).
To transition Bravo airspace, you need to be given explicit clearance by the air traffic controller.
To transition Charlie or Delta airspace, you only need the air traffic controller to say/acknowledge your callsign when establishing radio contact. No need for explicit 'clearance to transition'.
To transition through an airport's airspace, don't just say you want to transition, but also provide the direction of the transition. Such as: 'Ramona Tower, Skylane PH-TIM, 5 miles south west, at 2500, with Mike, would like to transition through your airspace to airport/North East.'
Charlie Airspace airports have a non-depicted ‘outer area’, indicated by a pink box saying you should contact the airport within 20nm. This is not mandatory, but highly recommended (even if no intention to land or transition; because of arriving or departing traffic from airport in the area).
Flight following is provided to aid your flight. They are not there to police you, but helping you with whatever you like them to help with to make your flight more safe and efficient. USE them!
Flight following is also referred to as 'VFR advisories'.
Preferably on ground, not the air. This is because PE Approach/Center is usually more busy than PE non-radar controllers (Clearance, Ground, Tower)
@Untowered: no way to get Flight Following on the ground. Takeoff, and contact nearest TRACON or ARTCC controller (departure/approach/center). Best way to find the right frequency is to check the airport's flight directory and the depicted departure/approach frequency. Just check in with one and do your request.
@Delta: Check in with Ground to ask for flight following.
@Charlie: Check in with Clearance Delivery to ask for flight following. Every aircraft in Charlie gets flight following automatically. So actually, you need to opt-out for flight following at the ramp if you don't need any. In that case, the Charlie controller will 'let you go' 20nm outbound of the airport.
@Bravo: Check in with Clearance Delivery to ask for flight following. Every aircraft in Bravo gets flight following automatically. Again, you need to opt-out for flight following at the ramp if you don't need any.
@TRSA (KPSP): Check in with Clearance Delivery if you like flight following. Check in with Ground if you don't, and add 'negative flight following' at the end of your departure request. Every aircraft in TRSA gets flight following automatically. You need to opt-out for flight following at the ramp if you don't need any.
@Air: Best way is to look up the A/FD of the airport nearest to your position. Grab the Approach or Center frequency and call in. You could also look at the magenta boxes surrounding Charlie's, but that isn't a universal method, as those boxes aren't around Delta or uncontrolled airspaces. So stick to the A/FD method. It doesn't really matter which approach or center frequency you choose to check in with, in PE, you will practically talk to the same controller. Otherwise, they will simply advise you to switch frequencies.
When contacting Clearance/Ground on the ground or Approach/Center in the air, first do a cold call: "Palm Springs Clearance, Skylane PH-TIM, east ramp, with Bravo, VFR request" In air: "SoCal Approach, 10 miles NW of Palm Springs, at 3000, VFR, request". Then, the controller will reply and probably repeats your position based on his radar; or he might ask you to put in a squawk code and ident; he needs to know where you are first. Then, after radar contact, 'Skylane PH-TIM, ('position checks' if the controller just replied with 'go ahead' with no squawk yet), we are a Cessna Skylane slant alpha, requesting flight following to John Wayne, at 4500." You receive departure instructions when on ground (rwy hdg, stay at or below 3000, departure freq, squawk code). Or, when in the air, (a squawk code, remain VFR and stay on VFR altitudes). When on ground, carry out departure instructions after 500 ft agl. Also, around 500 ft AGL, Tower should hand you off to Departure. If not, you can simply request to Departure; NEVER switch on your own, ALWAYS wait for instructions by controller.
During Flight Following, NEVER switch frequencies on your own, ALWAYS wait for instructions by ATC to switch frequencies. 'Checking-in' to a new frequency, only requires you to state your current and intended altitude (no lateral references): 'Socal Approach, PH-TIM, at 3200 for 5500' or 'Socal Approach, PH-TIM, level 5500.'
During your flight, ATC will (a) instruct you to switch to different Approach/Center frequencies, as you will fly in new controlling areas (they will give current altimeter settings for each new area); (b) advise you on nearby traffic (simply reply 'Traffic in sight, PH-TIM' or 'Looking, PH-TIM'); and (c) advise you on airspaces/TFRs/etc. you might bust.
You should always advise ATC during flight following on significant changes in (mentioned) cruising altitudes or deviations of heading. For example, to avoid cloud formations, you could mention your deviations to ATC. 'SoCal Approach, Skylane PH-TIM, would like to briefly deviate to heading 200 to remain clear of clouds.' ATC will likely acknowledge your request and ask you to report when you are back on your initial track. Again, use Flight Following as your copilot buddies. They are there to help you, not to police you. Btw, VFR-ON-TOP is an IFR clearance (so not applicable to VFR) in the US that a pilot can request to allow an IFR flight to use VFR altitudes provided that it can remain in VMC.
When on Flight Following, you are talking to Approach/Center controllers. This means that you are automatically in two-way radio contact with any Charlie airspace around, as such, cleared to cross them with no explicit clearance. The inner airspace of Charlie is controlled by Tower, however, in that case, approach/center will negotiate your intentions; you could climb over it, deviate course, or briefly switch to Tower (other PE controller!). In case of Bravo, ask; Center/Approach can easily help you transition (as again, you would be talking to the same controller).
Terminate Flight Following at anytime by stating 'Socal Approach, Skylane PH-TIM, terminate flight following please'. Or, when you have your destination airport in sight 'Socal Approach, Skylane PH-TIM, destination airport in sight.' The controller will reply with squawk to VFR (1200), remain VFR and resume own navigation. 'Resume own navigation' does not mean your cut loose on your own, it just means that you are to continue your flight as planned, either by your own or as filed to ATC in case of V-rating or flight following. If it’s a VFR flight, maintain the VFR altitudes while continuing to monitor the current frequency. If in doubt, ASK.
Refer to your aircraft type and the ATC facility when first contact. Not when you are already with the controller. Makes your announcements more brief.
Get ATIS information of your destination airport already 30 miles out.
If no radio contact in PilotEdge, wait a few minutes first for the client or host to reconnect. This happens occasionally due to various internet hiccups. If you know it’s happened let the controller know when you reconnect. If prolonged no radio contact, you would go through standard lost comms procedures which would include calling for other pilots to respond, trying the previous frequency, trying a nearby tower, or trying Guard (121.5). If all else fails, squawk 7600 and continue the flight, monitoring the appropriate frequency as best you’re able.
Check in on ATIS about 30 nm before your destination airport.
Winds up to 10 knots are considered 'winds calm' for most airports, and generally do not lead to changes in active runways. You can either check in with ATC/UNICOM to ask for the active runway or monitor CTAF long before you arrive to listen to active use of runways.
The 'C' after the CTAF frequency means that the untowered airport also has Unicom (a person who monitors the traffic on the airport and can respond with local traffic advisories).
At untowered airports, announce your arrival at 10nm AND 5nm prior to entering the pattern. It's also good practice to over-fly the airport midfield above TPA before entering the downwind in order to check for possible NORDO traffic and investigating the state of their runway, etc.
Charlie airspace airports have a non-depicted ‘outer area’, indicated by pink box saying you should contact the airport within 20nm. This is only mandatory if you intend to land there. Otherwise it is not necessary, but highly recommended to allow ATC to vector you around departing and arrival traffic to goes outbound or inbound that Charlie airspace.
D. Flight Procedures
Lastly, there are some tricks to nailing fundamental flight procedures. Make your flights run more smooth and safe. Including rejected takeoff procedures and smooth landings.
ALWAYS verify your flows by use of your checklist.
Before you do your run-up check, point your airplane into the wind to provide for additional cooling (as the engine will not get enough intake on its own). Also make sure you don't point your blast way into the direction of any taxiway, runway or ramp behind you.
Use and KEEP right rudder in after rotation (or during any high power setting for that matter) to prevent the airplane from turning.
During crosswind landing, use aileron correction to turn into the wind while using opposite rudder adjustment to keep the airplane on straight ground track towards the runway.
Rejected takeoff has several stages. Rejecting before rotation is simply tapping the brakes and exiting the runway at the next possible taxiway. Rejecting just after rotation is landing again, braking, and leaving the runway at the next intersection. Rejecting after about 100 feet but below 1000 feet, is ditching the airplane outside of the airfield within the 60 degree lateral front view (NO turning back to the airport, as steep turning with an engine-out results in extreme drop of altitude). Rejecting after 1000 feet, is turning around to land on the airport.
At 300 ft AGL, you may retract your flaps. (at 500 ft, you fly the assigned heading and altitude given to you by ATC; at 300 ft below TPA you start your crosswind turn).
Vy is most altitude gain in time. Vx is most altitude in distance.
Make clearing turns before you do any special maneuvers (including steep turns).
You need oxygen if you fly above 12.500ft pressure altitude longer than 30 minutes. Above 14.000ft pressure altitude you must use oxygen.
Trim your airplane onto your glide path and do not mess with the throttle too much. A stabilized descent is the secret sauce for making great landings.
To carry out smooth and gentle touch-downs, lock your sight onto the far end of the runways instead of your intended point of touch down.
Perceive your stall warning sound as the sound of winners. Flare and touch down when the stall warning sounds. Be sure though to be close to the ground.
In the process of turning, you should always use rudder and aileron adjustments simultaneously (as aileron deflection is generating drag on one wing, resulting into adverse yaw that needs compensating with rudder). In other words, once in a turn, you don't need to put in any rudder as you won't need much aileron. | <urn:uuid:fad31a39-c298-46d6-a078-b263c591416e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://uncertifiedpilot.com/private-pilot-flight-simulator-course/stage-1-ground-school | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.925826 | 8,116 | 2.265625 | 2 |
We live in the statistical age. Advances in statistical methods and data processing have provided us with a stupefying amount of information. It has never been easier to find trustworthy numbers to illustrate the scale and scope of food insecurity, or to show proven positive outcomes for specific programs or initiatives. Yet try convincing people to support your intervention using numbers alone, and you’ll find it’s an uphill battle. Why do statistics alone fall flat? And what role does storytelling—one of the most ancient and ubiquitous of all human activities—have in advocating for a hunger-free world?
Join us July 15 at 1 p.m. EDT as the 2022 Zero Hunger Summer Seminars continue with an exploration of storytelling for effective advocacy. To be an effective advocate, you must be an effective storyteller. In this session, participants will learn three key components of storytelling for effective advocacy:
- Using data
- Highlighting lived experience
- Making the ask or call to action
College students and summer interns are especially encouraged to tune in. The session includes several short articles for pre-reading, which can be accessed when you enroll in the course via our Zero Hunger Academy platform.
Learning and Development Consultant, Congressional Hunger Center
Arthurine provides support to the training and learning event components of the Hunger Center’s Emerson and Leland Fellowship programs and the Zero Hunger Internship. She is a skilled trainer, facilitator, and coach with more than 25 years of professional experience working with the nonprofit sector, government, and higher education.She is a change-maker, who provides capacity building support to small and medium-sized nonprofit organizations in such areas as leadership development, program design and evaluation, board development, and fundraising.The focus of much of her work has been on social and economic equity though initiatives addressing education and workforce development, cultural competence in teacher education, access to higher education and jobs for disadvantaged youth, health disparities, and anti-racism. | <urn:uuid:101d1e06-87c2-4c43-97a5-d088baba37e8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hungercenter.org/blog/storytelling-for-effective-advocacy-highlighting-lived-experience-july-15-2022/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.936086 | 407 | 2.25 | 2 |
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Introducing our Sport Active™ range featuring Viva and Vamos
Performance footwear for those with a more active lifestyle, with the support, comfort and fit of a Cosyfeet shoe.
Partnership with the University of Exeter
We have been working alongside the University of Exeter with the aim of developing a sports shoe designed specifically with the older foot and body in mind, while still retaining the roominess and comfort that Cosyfeet shoes are known for.
During sports activity, it is important to wear appropriate footwear to avoid injury; this is increasingly important the older we get. By conducting research on older people engaging in sports activities at the University of Exeter’s unique laboratory facility, we were able to establish the differences in how older adults move their feet and lower bodies during sport activities when compared with younger adults.
The result of our extensive studies is a true performance sports trainer offering all the necessary stability and cushioning to enhance an active lifestyle and minimise the risk of injury, without compromising on the special footwear characteristics required for extra-wide or vulnerable feet.
1. The breathable mesh is flexible & supportive
2. Breathable, seamless lining throughout
3. Quality leathers provide stability & comfort
4. Heel designed to give excellent support
5. Footbed is 100% breathable & moisture-wicking
6. Contains carbon to absorb moisture & bacteria, preventing odours
7. High-density shock-absorbing foam minimises impact on joints
8. Footbed retains original shape & cushioning over a long period of time
Double Density Sole
9. Lightweight PU midsole provides underfoot cushioning
10. TPU outsole features enhanced grip & durability for key pressure areas
11. Double density sole designed to give essential lateral support without compromising on flexibility
The Cosyfeet touch
Cosyfeet have been designing and manufacturing footwear for the older wearer since 1983, providing much wider, deeper and roomier styles than the wide-fitting footwear available on the high street. We wanted to apply our expertise into creating a sports shoe that provides foot protection, enough stability to prevent injuries, and a sole with just the right amount of grip. Combined with our use of high-quality materials, and advanced shoemaking techniques from expert craftspeople, the Sport Active™ range from Cosyfeet can encourage a healthier and more active lifestyle, for longer.
Dr Sharon Dixon
Associate Professor in Biomechanics, University of Exeter
“This exciting partnership between University of Exeter and Cosyfeet has allowed knowledge gained from laboratory testing to be combined with industry expertise regarding footwear design, to develop a bespoke shoe for active older adults.”
Head of Product & Merchandising, Cosyfeet
“We are thrilled with the outcome of Cosyfeet and the University of Exeter’s combined efforts. The result is a high-quality performance shoe, which is roomy, comfortable and designed to last.” | <urn:uuid:1fb3e536-2842-4cf7-b26e-b419c349f3be> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cosyfeet.com/usa/sport-active | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.916366 | 639 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Hamilton had tried the traditional university and bootcamp paths but found they just weren’t a fit for his learning style or interests. Being lectured to wasn’t appealing, and trying to learn numerous new skills in a short period of time wasn’t effective for him. He wanted hands-on experience — to try things and see what he could do. He also wanted a place to explore tech and combine coding with design skills to solve problems.
As Hamilton looked for college alternative programs, he found Kenzie and felt challenged and inspired by the prospect of a community-driven, experiential curriculum. He joined the UX Engineering program to learn how to empathize with app users’ wants and needs as well as the front-end skills to build solutions. He’s now launching his tech career as a UX/UI Designer at Archon Tech Strategies.
“The program definitely had its hard and stressful moments, but those were always overshadowed by the successful triumphs and the overwhelming support.” | <urn:uuid:05c239df-8403-41ad-96b5-d11b28106f53> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kenzie.snhu.edu/alumni-stories/hamilton-young/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.983031 | 208 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Failed Back Syndrome
Low back pain is a major cause of disability and poor quality of life. Failed back syndrome is also called failed back surgery syndrome. Failed back syndrome is where the outcome of lumbar spine surgery doesn’t meet the expectations of the patient and the surgeon, and usually implies multiple prior surgeries to address back pain. The syndrome is most common in people with lumbar spinal stenosis and disc herniation.
What is failed back syndrome?
Failed back syndrome is defined as lumbar spine pain of unknown origin that either persists despite surgery or appears after surgery in the same area as the surgery. The pain may originate after surgery, or surgery may worsen or insufficiently eliminate existing pain. It is a syndrome with many causes, diagnosed by a constellation of symptoms and physical findings. The direct cause is not known.
Pain with failed back syndrome is often severe, interfering with work and quality of life. It is generally not a consequence of surgery that was performed incorrectly. In fact, even with the best surgeon and the best indications, spine surgery does not always predict successful resolution of the condition or the pain that it causes.
What causes failed back syndrome?
There are many factors that are associated with failed back syndrome.
- The patient’s psychological and social wellbeing have a significant effect on their treatment outcome and pain experience. Patients who are obese or smokers have a higher rate of postoperative complications.
- Some patients have poor outcome due the fact that the patient was not a good surgical candidate or because the choice of surgical procedure was inappropriate.
- Patients with multiple prior back surgeries have a higher chance of developing failed back syndrome and a lower chance of achieving successful pain resolution with more surgery.
- Surgical risks include operating at a single level when pain originates at multiple levels and operating at the wrong level.
- Postoperative factors include long term complications of surgery. Altered biomechanics can shift stress to other lumbar segments and lead to new sources of pain and accelerate degeneration.
How is failed back syndrome evaluated?
Dallas Neurosurgical & Spine neurosurgeons will work with a multidisciplinary team to evaluate all factors that could have contributed and may be continuing to contribute to your current circumstance. This will include an evaluation of your psychological and social wellbeing, along with a detailed analysis of your pain history and previous treatments.
An accurate history and thorough physical exam are essential to evaluate patients with persistent pain after low back surgery for a correct diagnosis. Imaging studies include x-rays to assess spinal alignment, and degenerative changes as well as the extent of previous surgeries. MRI is the gold standard to distinguish physical sources of pain. Diagnostic nerve blocks can help diagnose specific causes of failed back syndrome, and when combined with steroids can provide relief.
How is failed back syndrome treated?
Treatment is focused on patients who are unlikely to benefit from further surgical intervention and for patients who do not require immediate surgery.
Conservative management involves a supervised exercise program (physical therapy) to improve core strength and spinal range of motion, plus pain management. Pain management will include the use of over-the-counter and prescription anti-inflammatory medications, and antidepressants. Opioids are only used for short-term therapy. Anticonvulsant medications like gabapentin and/or pregabalin may be ordered for nerve pain.
Spinal cord stimulation has proven effective for limb pain. Called neuromodulation, spinal cord stimulation is a minimally invasive surgically implanted spinal column stimulator that is placed when further surgery is deemed to offer no further benefit and the patient receives optimal medical management.
Dallas Neurosurgical & Spine neurosurgeons will choose the most appropriate treatment modality based on the patient’s type of pain and pain pattern. Contact us to receive the correct diagnosis and all your treatment options. | <urn:uuid:e28e05d0-5d82-4047-ab44-d06764789424> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dallasneurosurgical.com/conditions/failed-back-syndrome-texas/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.945261 | 788 | 2.71875 | 3 |
6. The remaining letters and the Johannine writings
6.1 The Epistle to the Hebrews
We will now turn our attention to a New Testament text with a strong theological orientation: the Epistle to the Hebrews. The letter is significant because of its statements about the divinity and humanity of Jesus Christ: it is a significant contributor to the Doctrine of the Dual Nature of Christ. Beyond that, the letter is important because of its singular understanding of the activity of Jesus Christ as a High Priesthood, from which the Doctrine of the Threefold Ministry of Christ is in large measure derived.
The Old Testament figure of Melchizedek, who is to be introduced here, is important in this context.
6.2 The Catholic (Universal) Epistles
From the Pauline epistles we now turn our attention to the so-called Catholic Epistles. These consist of seven very different letters, namely the
- First Epistle of Peter
- Second Epistle of Peter
- First Epistle of John
- Second Epistle of John
- Third Epistle of John
- The Epistle of James
- The Epistle of Jude
None of these are addressed to specific recipients, neither to churches nor individuals. Rather, all of them are addressed to the church as a whole (katholikos = universal). Important themes include the conduct of Christians in the Roman Empire, and love for one another as a consequence of the love of God.
The Catholic Epistles (that is, the Corpus Catholicum) comprise the second part of the New Testament letter corpus, the first part of which is called the Corpus Paulinum.
In old Bible manuscripts, the sequence was different, however: the book of Acts was followed by the Catholic Epistles. In them, the main characters of early Christianity who appear in Acts— namely Peter, John, and James—were represented. Only thereafter did the Corpus Paulinum follow.
6.3 Special features of the Gospel of John
With the Gospel according to John, the fourth Gospel, we enter a completely different world. Many things that occur in the Synoptic Gospels are missing here, and other things, in turn, are only mentioned here.
In terms of both language and theology, we find ourselves at a great distance from the Synoptic Gospels here in the Gospel of John: there are no argumentative discourses or parables, and there is no institution of Holy Communion. On the other hand, however, we find the “I am” statements of Jesus, the washing of the disciples’ feet, and a different portrayal of the crucifixion.
6.4 The Revelation of John
The Revelation of John is likely the most vivid and mysterious writing of the New Testament.
It took a long time for it to be adopted into the New Testament, and remains debated to this day. We now turn our attention to the content and the theological themes of Revelation, and begin by inquiring into John, after whom it is named. | <urn:uuid:44739eea-64de-4197-98c4-1aad4d3c0286> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://training.nac-sa.org.za/new-testament/chapter-6-the-remaining-letters-and-the-johannie-writings | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.945203 | 626 | 3.109375 | 3 |
Sicilian reservoirs constitute the most important water resources available on the island. During summer 2001, the intense water utilization of Lake Arancio reservoir reduced the water level significantly, which coincided with the formation of intense blooms formed by the microcystin (MC)-producing cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. During summer 2003, Lake Arancio was continuously filled and the vertical stratification of the water column was maintained resulting in five to sixfold lower cell numbers of M. aeruginosa. For both years, a significant relationship between MC net production and Microcystis cell growth was observed, implying that Microcystis cell numbers can be used to infer MC concentrations in water. Unexpectedly, dense blooms of the MC-producing cyanobacterium Planktothrix rubescens occurred during winter 2005/2006 in the reservoirs Lake Pozzillo, Prizzi, Nicoletti, and Garcia but have not been reported earlier. In this season, MC concentrations higher than those recorded in summer were measured, implying that monitoring of Mediterranean drinking water reservoirs needs to be intensified during winter, a season usually considered to be less prone to the formation of cyanobacterial blooms. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
|Numero di pagine||6|
|Stato di pubblicazione||Published - 2007|
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes | <urn:uuid:bb2989f6-fc10-4b5f-b9e9-595f5a809ef4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pure.unipa.it/it/publications/toxic-cyanobacterial-blooms-in-reservoirs-under-a-semiarid-medite-4 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.87193 | 376 | 3.03125 | 3 |
Carol Perkins, Conservationist And Humanitarian, Dies At 95
Updated 5:52 p.m.
Carol Perkins, a conservationist and humanitarian and the widow of famed zoologist Marlin Perkins, has died.
The Saint Louis Zoo says Carol Perkins died Saturday at her home in Clayton, Mo. She was 95 and had been in declining health.
Marlin Perkins was the director of the Saint Louis Zoo who gained international fame after becoming host of television's "Mutual of Omaha's Wild Kingdom" in 1962. The program aired for 26 years until his death in 1986.
Carol Perkins often accompanied her husband on safaris and other trips. In his autobiography, Marlin Perkins wrote, “It was always much more fun when she went along."
The couple worked with Washington University to develop what is now known as the Endangered Wolf Center in St. Louis County.
St. Louis Zoo director emeritus Charlier Hoessel says Carol Perkins continued the work after her husband's death.
"After Marlin was gone, Carol was the flagbearer, she carried it on," Hoessel said. "She did a lot of fundraising and got a lot of her friends involved as donors and sponsors for the Wolf Sanctuary, so she became quite a prominent conservationist on her own."
A private funeral is this weekend. The zoo says a public memorial will be next year in Carthage, Mo.
Follow St. Louis Public Radio on Twitter: @stlpublicradio | <urn:uuid:eac18fd0-bfe2-4cac-8d4d-0308770f7216> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://news.stlpublicradio.org/health-science-environment/2012-10-25/carol-perkins-conservationist-and-humanitarian-dies-at-95 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.978743 | 308 | 1.546875 | 2 |
Certainly, shale gas should change the energy map. Crucial are consequences of contemporary energy market. What do we think about these changes? We have to
primarily try to determinate the impact of this new resource of energy.
Impact of cheap coal
On the one hand, shale gas investments in the U.S. is now reflected in lower prices of gas for consumers: they have three times lower gas prices than consumers in Europe and even much more than in Asia. Another impact of the shale gas is on traditional energy resources, especially prices of steam coal. Cheap imports of coal from the U.S. to the EU are a nightmare for established European mining companies. The reduction in coal prices resulted e.g. in the coalfields in the Czech Republic and inland of Poland where lower prices of coal makes mining unprofitable and some companies are now massively fire employees (e.g. joint-stock company New World Resources, keep mines in Czech Rep. and in Poland, is now reducing staff and actually sells some of mines). The cost of one tonne of coal extraction in this part of EU usually ranges from 80 to 90 euro, but this year the price of coal fell to 60 euro per tonne. These changes are beneficial for whole economy, of course, with the exception of the mining sector.
We must not forget the cliché that the U.S. thanks to shale gas become energy independent on unpredictable partners. Of course, U.S. in this regard was transformed from the important importer to equally important exporter. But total energy independence is so fundamental geopolitical changes that it is difficult to believe it. It is possible that these high expectations are supported by investors in shale – this is one way how to force the price of their own shares to grow.
Problems of shale gas-mining in EU
“Shale madness” in some countries has resulted in a real disappointment. For example, in Europe, although there exists some promising deposits, is completely missing the infrastructure for the extraction of shale, research of gas fields is not sufficient as well. For comparison, the infrastructure for shale gas was built in the U.S. for last ten years. EU dedicate the last decade for glorification and support of renewable energy. Almost all European countries where the aid of green energy was enacted (in the form of guarantee of minimum purchase prices or subsidies) suffers from the problem of higher electricity prices.
In Poland, formerly with large reserves of shale, expectations are confirmed – recently several companies for gas extraction left this country. For example left Mexican Exxon Mobil, further American Marathon Oil and Canadian Talisman Energy rather sold its operations to partner (to San Leon Energy).
Next problem is the density of population in Europe. Apart from environmental protests (however, these protests ebbed) is problematic the disapproval of owners and neighbours of places of mining. The miners can expect difficult (and expensive) negotiations.
Pessimistic voices are drowned out by United Kingdom and Ukraine where according to the results of regular interests of investors seems shale gas has a chance of profitability (for example, in Ukraine was signed a big contract for the extraction of shale gas with Royal Dutch Schell).
The expansion or disappointment from shale extraction can also affect the search for new “traditional” sources. There are hopeful deposits of oil and natural gas in the eastern Mediterranean (Leviathan gas field), which is on the coast and the territorial sea of Israel, Lebanon, Syria and Cyprus.
The use of these relatively abundant resources impede unclear political situation rather than technical or geological problems. However, the onset of shale gas may push investors to utilize as quickly as possible of traditional mineral resources for which the EU has apropriate infrastructure and plenty of customers. It is the race against time until the new resources arrives on the scene of new energy sources.
Shale gas will also have an impact on nuclear power. If shale gas can reduce price of energy then it is bad news for nuclear power. Nuclear energy has relatively high input costs and the profitability of Nuclear Power Plant comes from higher price level energy. For nuclear energy is negative growing number of energy-independent countries. It heralds a less demand for new nuclear power sources. On the other hand, increasing energy independence in the world will push the remaining countries (that do not have good luck on the shale deposits) to get their independence by the help of new Nuclear Power Plants. In current economy (all human activity is dependent on sufficient electricity) is energy-independence regarded as future standard of sovereignty.
Generally, the gas market, unlike oil market, is not controlled by an oligopoly exporters and the development of the sector was not based on government subsidy – so the gas is fully based on active market forces, which only reinforces growing sector shale gas.
Threat to Norway
For Norway is shale gas a problem – lower price of energy means lower demand for Norwegian export. Even a lower energy-independence of some EU members means a lower importance of resources of Norway. If United Kingdom is considered as competitor of Norway than the repeal the moratorium geological survey for shale fields on the end of 2012 looks like strengthening export opportunities of the rival of Norway (Britain should in domestic industry use shale gas and other resources give up for export). The same rivality should be between Norwegian export of gas or oil and U.S. export of coal. It seems that shale gas should change the situation into an disadvantage for Norway. But real efficiency of shale gas in EU is also unclear – In fact, the situation will change very slowly.
Author: Vladimir Stipek
3rd July 2013, in Prague, for The Nordic Page | <urn:uuid:e2731fc1-1f7b-4ace-a0c2-61eafb73057b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.tnp.no/norway/comment/3830-shale-gas-in-context-opportunity-or-riskij/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.952157 | 1,162 | 2.390625 | 2 |
Search the name of a city:
Here you will find the location of El Faiyûm on a map.
To see how it currently looks like outside, below are some pictures of the area from online web cameras.
You can also find the distance to the main cities in the region and to cities in the rest of Egypt.
Cities in Egypt that are also found in other countries in the world.
Mill Bay > South: 16, Hwy 1 south of - Rd Overpass at the Bamberton Park Entrance, looking south.
Yorba Linda > West: SR-90 : Valencia Ave NW Corner.
Webcams provided by webcams.travel
Where is El Faiyûm relative to other places?
Top 10 cities in Al Fayyum and distance from El Faiyûm.
|Abhit al Hajar||5||-||13||8|
Top 10 cities in Egypt and distance from El Faiyûm.
|El Mahalla el Kubra||6||431088||188||117|
Advice and information about traveling and security in Egypt.
With a travel advise, tourists can be informed about security risks during traveling or vacation in a foreign country. Be informed about the risks of kidnapping, armed robbery, bombings, natural disasters or war. Know which areas are unsafe in Egypto. Be vigilant, or avoid certain areas when on vacation in Egypt.
Information on travel documents, visa applications and the cost of a visa.
Contact information of embassies in Egypt.
Different types of travel insurance.
Statistics and Geographics
Egypt is made up of 13924 cities in 26 regions.
The region Al Fayyum has 768 cities.
El Faiyûm is number 1 in the region Al Fayyum.
The city is number 10 in Egypt.
The population is 306426. | <urn:uuid:00d3473c-e23e-402f-8130-73b8800e9942> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://geotargit.com/index.php?qcountry_code=EG&qregion_code=04&qcity=El%20Faiy%C3%BBm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.713843 | 736 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Ever asked yourself the question: “Should I Be Putting Money in a Savings Account If I Have a Mortgage?”
We get this question a lot. Is it something that has played on your mind?
Of course, personal circumstances always differ, but the short and simple answer to this question is ‘No’.
I often have people tell me they like to keep a savings account they credit funds to each payday as part of their budget. The savings may be intended for a family holiday, that new big screen TV, a new car, or perhaps as a lump sum to throw off the mortgage when it next comes due.
There is nothing wrong with saving for things, in fact, I encourage it. But it’s where we save that makes the difference. As in, what kind of account we transfer our hard-earned money to in order to get the best return.
Let’s look at it like this:
You want to save $10,000, so you put it into a savings account or term deposit earning you 3% (if you’re lucky, these days). If you leave $10,000 in that account for a whole year you’ll earn a whopping $300 for that entire year. You then get taxed on this $300 at the rate of say, 30%, so $90 goes to the IRD, and you’re left with a measly $210.
You also have a mortgage on your own home at an average rate of maybe 6.00%. Each $10,000 you borrow at this rate is costing you $600 per year in interest. No tax break, no offset.
$600 Cold. Hard. Cash.
Straight out of your pocket.
Now if you look at the whole situation, you’re physically giving your money to the bank for the pleasure of earning $210 per year, and they’re handing that money straight back to you in the form of part of your home loan, and they’re charging you $600 for the pleasure.
It’s spending a dollar just to save 30 cents.
So, how does this affect your pocket?
With a total Loss of $390.00.
Huh!!?? But I saved money in the bank each week, and you are telling me I’m worse off??
But, there’s a way to beat this system, and it’s actually very simple. Of course, the bank is unlikely to show you how to reduce their profit and put money back in your pocket. But then that’s what we’re here for.
Give INNOVEST a call today on 09 280 4700, and we’ll get one of our advisers to visit you, and show you how you can structure your finances in a way that works better for you, instead of for the bank. | <urn:uuid:ceab010d-1e44-4475-9bbe-0b3e5c805bcb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://innovest.co.nz/should-i-be-putting-money-in-a-savings-account-if-i-have-a-mortgage/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.950823 | 606 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Interface made with studio to receive data from arduino and show in a graphics in real time, light some inidcators, capable of print screen this graphics and save the data in a text file, the interface is showed in the pìcture.
It just take the value from 3 temp sensors and graphics in the time interval, to a low speed (2400 bps)
Only the interfase, because the arduino equipment is working right now and is sending the data you see in the pictures and file text attached.
11 фрилансеров(-а) готовы выполнить эту работу в среднем за $48
Hi, I am an experienced Electrical Engineer with long experiences. I am interested to do the job. Let's chat and discuss further to start working. Thank you. | <urn:uuid:653be60c-3b1d-44dc-b6a9-1ec3ab46cbdc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.freelancer.com.ru/projects/arduino/visual-studio-interface-with-arduino | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.861963 | 207 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Egypt's Christians Form Their Own Brotherhood
A former leader of the Muslim Brotherhood occupies Egypt's presidential palace, leaving many of the country's Coptic Christians deeply anxious about their future.
Now, a new group calling itself the Christian Brotherhood has emerged, vowing to stand up for the rights of Copts.
On a Cairo rooftop recently, members of the new Christian Brotherhood are debating how to respond to the first major outbreak of Muslim-Christian violence since President Mohammed Morsi came into office in June.
There's a general sense of anxiety among the Christian community and that is something that the government needs to address.
The incident in the village of Dahshour, south of Cairo, began as a personal spat between a Christian and a Muslim in a local laundry. It quickly escalated into communal violence, and eventually the entire Christian community — about 100 families — fled the village.
Hossam Bahgat, the head of the Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights, closely follows Christian-Muslim tensions.
"This is the first time that we see this incident where the entire community fled for their life for fear of serious retribution," he says.
A few families have since returned to the village, only to find their homes in ruins.
The 73-year-old spiritual father of the Christian Brotherhood, Michel Fahmy, occasionally dabs his eyes with a handkerchief as he speaks about the Dahshour events.
"To leave your houses, your properties, and forcing you to vacate your city, your village — it's a drama," he says.
Worries Over Heightened Tensions
Bahgat says that the number of interreligious incidents has decreased this year compared with last year, when several churches were destroyed and 27 Copts were killed by the military at a protest in Cairo. And yet, with the rise of Islamist political power, Bahgat says, there is a noticeable rise in fears and tensions.
"And there's a general sense of anxiety among the Christian community, and that is something that the government needs to address," he says.
But the Christian Brotherhood isn't counting on the government, or their own church, to address discrimination and violence.
The Christian Brotherhood's Fahmy says the Copts don't need anyone to stand by their side. They will stand with each other first, he says, and then find others standing with them.
The Christian Brotherhood says that it has some Muslim members, including a retired major general, who support its efforts — including its intention to become a full-fledged political party.
The group has already stirred controversy. Naguib Gobrail is the lawyer for the Coptic Church.
"In general, I don't approve this, because it divides society [into] two sections — a Muslim section and a Christian section," he says.
Gobrail worries that a group like the Christian Brotherhood could heighten existing tensions between Muslims and Christians.
Who Will Speak For Egypt's Christians?
The group is also challenging the political authority of the Coptic Church, an institution at a crossroads since the death last March of Pope Shenouda III, who led the church for 40 years. Beloved by much of the Coptic community, the pope was also controversial.
Amir Ayyad, a member of the Christian Brotherhood, says Shenouda was making political decisions for the entire community.
"He prevented the Copts from being involved in politics, and because of this, after his death, he left behind an army of Copts with no background in politics, or very little background," Ayyad says.
But this may be changing. The Christian Brotherhood is one of several new, independent Coptic movements that hope to weigh in on politics. Bahgat, the human rights activist, says these groups emerged as a reaction among younger Copts to what they saw as the failure of their own church leadership to take a firm position against discrimination and violence.
"Ultimately, this is going to come with a lot of tension, because the church is going to want to maintain control, but also because ultimately it's much easier for the state to deal with the church than an unorganized, huge Coptic population of 10 percent of Egypt's 80 million people," Bahgat says.
As the Coptic community prepares for the selection of a new pope later this year, the debate about who speaks for them will continue.
Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org. | <urn:uuid:e74fc6e6-f87f-4026-90a5-4edb7144c932> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.kunc.org/npr-news/2012-08-14/egypts-christians-form-their-own-brotherhood | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.975607 | 913 | 1.78125 | 2 |
- This medication is used to treat constipation. It increases the bulk in your stool, an effect that helps to cause movement of the intestines. It also works by increasing the amount of water in the stool, making the stool softer and easier to pass.
- Psyllium, one type of bulk-forming laxative, has also been used along with a proper diet to treat high cholesterol.
- Take this medication by mouth as directed by your doctor. If you are self-treating, follow all directions on the product package. If you are uncertain about any of the information, ask your doctor or pharmacist. To prevent choking from this medication, take it with a full glass of water or other liquid (8 ounces/240 milliliters). If you are taking the wafers, chew them thoroughly before swallowing.
- For powder forms of this medication, measure each dose according to the directions on the product label. Mix in a full glass of water or other liquid (8 ounces/240 milliliters), stir completely, and drink immediately. You may add more liquid to the mixture if it becomes too thick. When preparing the medication, be careful not to breathe in the powder since it may rarely cause an allergic reaction.
- Dosage is based on your age, medical condition, and response to treatment. Do not increase your dose or take this drug more often than directed.
- This product may decrease the absorption of other medications you may be taking. Take this product at least 2 hours from your other medications. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information or if you have any questions.
- It may take 1 to 3 days before this medication starts working. Use this medication regularly to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, take it at the same time(s) each day. Do not take this medication for more than 7 days unless directed by your doctor.
- Gas or stomach cramping may occur. If any of these effects persist or worsen, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.
- If your doctor has directed you to use this product, remember that he or she has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.
- This product must be taken with at least a full glass of water or other liquid (8 ounces/240 milliliters) so that it will not swell in the throat, causing choking. Seek immediate medical attention if after taking this product you have symptoms of choking such as: chest pain, vomiting, difficulty swallowing/breathing.
- A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, seek immediate medical attention if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.
- This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.
- Tell your doctor if your condition persists or worsens, or if bleeding from the rectum occurs. If you think you may have a serious medical problem, seek immediate medical attention. | <urn:uuid:36fbd3c5-54a4-4829-a073-581ec30e52c2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nutrawiki.org/psyllium_husk_fibre/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.935031 | 661 | 1.6875 | 2 |
National Geographic comes out with a new world atlas about twice a decade, as mapmakers struggle to stay up to date with things like shifting political borders and ballooning populations. But when the latest edition of the National Geographic Atlas of the World is published this fall, the most obvious change will be environmental: The shrinking sea ice in the Arctic Ocean, which the cartographer leading the project calls “the biggest visible change other than the breakup of the U.S.S.R.”
Arctic ice–especially the “multi-year” ice that stays frozen for at least two summers–has been slowly disappearing over the last few decades, and more quickly since 2007. In 2012, when the data was gathered for the new version of the atlas, the ice had shrunk to the smallest size ever on record.
Mapping the ice isn’t easy, since the size is constantly changing. Next to the older ice, a layer of new ice freezes and expands each winter and shrinks in the summer. To stay consistent with older versions of the atlas, the mapmakers chose to show the ice as it looked in the spring of 2012, before even more had melted in the warmer weather. A line traces along the edge of the older ice.
They didn’t include the ice as it looked at the end of the summer. “There is only so much information we can put on the map before it becomes confusing to the user,” says Rosemary Wardley, senior GIS cartographer. “This is a constant struggle that a cartographer has to face, deciding which information to show and which to leave out.”
Print has other obvious limitations–long production and printing schedules mean that data can quickly go out of date, and that’s automatically the case with something dynamic like sea ice. There isn’t necessarily space to show comparisons of what ice looked like in the past, unlike online tools.
But the team behind the atlas thinks that there’s something unique about holding a physical map that might have more of an effect than reading yet another article about the changing sea ice. “An atlas provides a historical snapshot of a certain area over an extended period of time,” says Wardley. “We hope that the information we show will stoke the curiosity of the map reader and encourage them to look further into the subject.” | <urn:uuid:8304f174-24a0-4314-996e-7d8cb4d3c709> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fastcompany.com/3031992/in-a-new-world-atlas-the-biggest-change-is-the-shrinking-arctic-sea-ice | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.952767 | 497 | 3.375 | 3 |
The usage of workflow management software has a lot of advantages. But for the sake of this post, we will focus on how it improves productivity in the workplace.
Workflow management software enables teams to manage their tasks and projects more effectively by providing a centralized location for all task-related data. This includes things such as due dates, assigned users, files, and comments. In effect, this allows team members to have visibility into all the tasks that need to be completed in order for a project to be successful.
How does workflow management software help?
A workflow management tool is a type of approval workflow software that helps organizations automate and manage their business processes. This can include tasks assignment and tracking to document routing and approvals. Workflow management software can be extremely helpful for businesses that need to efficiently manage a large number of tasks or processes. By automating these tasks, the software can help businesses improve their overall efficiency and save time and money.
Workflow management software helps workers to be more effective by automating tasks and organizing workflows. This allows employees to spend less time on administrative tasks and more time on the work that they were hired to do. In some cases, it can even help them to be more productive. For example, if you are able to track how much time you spend on each task, then you can begin to optimize your workflow so that you are working more efficiently.
Types of workflow management software
There are a number of different types of workflow management software on the market. While they all have the same goal- to help you organize and streamline your work- they vary in terms of features, pricing, and usability. It can be tough to decide which one is right for you, but luckily, we’re here to help. In this post, we’ll outline the pros and cons of five popular types of workflow management software: Asana, Trello, Monday.com, Basecamp, and Jira
Advantages of using workflow management software
When it comes to managing and completing tasks, employees face a lot of challenges. Workflow management software is one way to help make the process easier. This type of software allows for the creation and management of tasks, as well as their dependencies, in a single platform. Doing so makes it easier for employees to track what they need to do and when they need to do it. Furthermore, workflow management software can assist increase interprofessional collaboration by offering a place for dialogue and cooperation centered on projects. This can go a long way toward resolving any issues that may arise.
In the fast-paced, constantly-changing business world, it can be difficult to keep track of everything that needs to get done. That’s where workflow management software comes in. This software helps you organize and track your tasks, so you can stay on top of your work and improve your productivity.
There are a variety of different workflow management software programs out there, so it’s important to find one that suits your specific needs. Some programs are more general-purpose, while others are designed for specific | <urn:uuid:c7be2b1f-35f3-4e1d-9674-6cbd3deacd02> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://technologyidea.info/how-does-workflow-management-software-help-your-team-improve/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.952109 | 626 | 1.8125 | 2 |
the project management closure process also gives the team the opportunity to review and evaluate the project’s performance to ensure future projects’ success. the project closure process also ensures the project is formally completed and is no longer considered a project, allowing you to hand the reins over to the correct team in charge of managing and maintaining the project’s outputs. the first step to closing out your project is to finalize and transfer the project deliverables to the client. review all the project documentation to ensure all parties have been paid for the work and there are no outstanding invoices.
this is a time to review the successes, failures, and challenges of the project and identify opportunities for improvement going forward. with the project performance and feedback in mind, you can then identify lessons learned and opportunities for the future. the end of a project is a big accomplishment and represents the culmination of many hours of hard work and dedication from a team of contributors. plus, a happy team is more likely to work with you in the future so you can build on your past successes and become a more effective unit going forward.
the project closure phase is the last phase in the project lifecycle, and it officially puts an end to a project. however, it is definitely in your best interest to have a project closure procedure in place so that you cover every base and safely archive it in that great closed projects folder in the sky. create a checklist of details that are likely to be affected during the transition from stage version and live version. out of scope items make a lovely email to the client as you close out the project and will score points with your business development team since they can be sold in as updates. you should be doing this as you go but now, during project closure, it’s time to dive in and make sure everything is as it should be. the project closure stage is the perfect time to address scope documents and assess whether you have been successful. financial documents and assets will need to be taken care of now that the project is in its final stages.
in this section of the message of an email, you will have a chance to do a bit of a retrospective and outline any lessons that can be taken away from the project. your client will appreciate being able to chat and ask questions in real-time as you go over the project closure. all of this data is going to make you a better project team in the future. when you’re clear on any issues and opportunities, create a roadmap to carefully define the sequence of implementing them. there could be any number of things that the pm is required to do at the end of a project that you might not think to do. and give yourself a high five if no one is looking (as that is super awkward to see) wrapping up a project properly is impressive to everyone involved in the project, and it will make you a better pm. my website is https://patrice-embry.com, and you can find me on twitter @patrice108.
7 steps to closing a project 1. formally transfer all deliverables 2. confirm project completion 3. review all contracts and documentation 4. release project closure is the last phase of a project. it’s when the project manager verifies that the client, stakeholder or customer has accepted the in this unit, you will learn how to execute the project plan, and upon completion, close out the project. you will learn how to develop a role-responsibility, project closure report example, project closure report example, project closure in project management, project closure steps in project management, what is project closure.
just as any of the other project management processes (initiation, planning, execution, monitoring and controlling), project closing serves an important purpose end on a high note with this detailed project closure checklist—simply follow the 9 steps to close projects. your future projects will thank you. project closure ensures that all participants and stakeholders to the project are informed of follow-on activities (e.g. new projects, service transitions, slas, reasons for project closure, project closure checklist, project closing process pdf, project closure documents, types of project closure, importance of project closure pdf, project closure report sample pdf, project closure feedback, project closure email, project closeout checklist pdf.
When you try to get related information on implementation and project closure plan, you may look for related areas. project closure report example, project closure in project management, project closure steps in project management, what is project closure, reasons for project closure, project closure checklist, project closing process pdf, project closure documents, types of project closure, importance of project closure pdf, project closure report sample pdf, project closure feedback, project closure email, project closeout checklist pdf. | <urn:uuid:e4e146b2-dc03-4e1f-a624-4c6a1cc2179d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.guruproposal.com/implementation-and-project-closure-plan/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.937472 | 966 | 1.609375 | 2 |
If you live in Udhampur near INDIAN BANK , Udhampur branch, it doesn’t mean that you need to visit the INDIAN BANK every time to perform a financial transaction. With so many INDIAN BANK branches and varied needs, a click of the button is good enough to perform a transfer around Udhampur, Jammu And Kashmir. IFSC Codes have been a part of the INDIAN BANK way of working for a long time now, and they have definitely been of help in case of a financial transaction.
A lot goes into making an experience wonderful for you at INDIAN BANK, especially the one that concerns a financial transaction in Udhampur, Udhampur. A transfer to the wrong beneficiary is an act that you wouldn’t want to do, and that is why it is important that you check the INDIAN BANK account number as many times as necessary, to ensure that the right beneficiary gets your money. IFSC Codes for INDIAN BANK are designed in a way to make sure that your bank is traceable. If the INDIAN BANK bank account details will not be in sync, the INDIAN BANK servers will not be able to locate the Udhampur branch in Udhampur, Jammu And Kashmir.
This in turn is a signal that things aren’t happening in the right manner, while a validated INDIAN BANK IFSC code, will confirm that your beneficiary has a valid INDIAN BANK branch and the transaction can be done. Let’s take one example:
There are various branches of INDIAN BANK in the country, but let’s take into count their Udhampur branch. The branch details are appended below:
|Address||WARD NO 4 ADARSH COLONY UDHAMPUR UDHAMPUR DIST JAMMU & KASHMIR PIN 182101|
|State||Jammu And Kashmir|
The details above validate that the INDIAN BANK has its operations in the Udhampur, Jammu And Kashmir branch located at the WARD NO 4 ADARSH COLONY UDHAMPUR UDHAMPUR DIST JAMMU & KASHMIR PIN 182101. This confirms that if you plan on doing a financial transfer, you must be sure of the INDIAN BANK IFSC code to ensure that the transfer happens without any hassles.
While all of us understand IFSC codes by now, let’s understand MICR code as well. This is termed as Magnetic Ink Character Recognition which is a character recognition technology that helps in processing cheques faster. INDIAN BANK bank branch has a unique MICR code which helps RBI identify the INDIAN BANK branch, and speed up the cheque clearing process.
While INDIAN BANK IFSC is an 11 digit code, MICR is a 9 digit code, and the basic difference between these two codes is that IFSC code is used for INDIAN BANK online transactions, while MICR is used for INDIAN BANK offline transactions, like Cheque.
These two aspects are of great importance for INDIAN BANK financial transaction in both INDIAN BANK online transactions and INDIAN BANK offline transactions, and you can choose the one that works well for you.
13 October 2017:According to a Crisil report, banks will have to set aside nearly 3.3 lakh crore this fiscal as provisioning for large NPA. "Our estimates show that banks would need to set aside close to Rs 3.3 lakh crore this fiscal, or 50 percent more than Rs 2.2 lakh crore they provided for NPAs last fiscal," Crisil said in the report released. This provisioning quantum was arrived after accounting by account analysis of the economic values of assets underlying large corporate NPAs. "It could lead to a net loss of nearly Rs 60,000 crore for the banking sector this fiscal with public sector banks (PSBs) bearing the brunt of the increase in provisions and the resultant impact on profitability because of their higher stock of NPAs," the report said. As per the rating agency, the potential write-downs may be in the range of 25-75 percent. "Pressure on the earnings profiles of banks would reduce from next fiscal if banks increase provisioning on large corporate NPAs this fiscal," the rating agency's senior director (ratings) Krishnan Sitaraman said.
19th January 2017:The 3rd largest private sector bank and loan provider in India Axis banks has reported a 73% drop in its profits on account of provisioning for bad loans. Net profit of the bank fell to Rs. 580 Cr for 3 months ended 31st Dec 17, from 2175 a year earlier for the same period. Percentage of gross bad loans jumped by 5.22% from 4.17% in the previous quarter and 1.68% compared to the same period last year. Provisioning including bad loans moved up by more than 5 times from a year earlier to Rs. 3,796 Cr. Axis Bank is one of the biggest private sector lender for Home Loans, Affordable Home Loans, Personal Loans, Car Loans and others in India.
27 August 2017:India’s fifth largest bank Union Bank of India has come up with an in-house app for its loan recovery. The app has launched two weeks ago and will help the recovery team of the bank to nab the defaulters and will also provide the team a better chance of involving directly with the customers and ensuring that the loan does not become a non-performing asset. While the app will help the bank with a targeted focus on recovery of the loan up to Rs 5 crore, a separate difficult assets recovery team (DART) set up will focus on mid-sized loans of Rs 50 crore and above, said Rajkiran Rai G, managing director and CEO of the Bank. The advantage of the app, Rai said is that it offers a built in compromise scheme for the borrower and the recovery team is able to offer the same and go ahead with closure once the payment is done. The bank has also decided to procure 1.50-lakh Aadhaar enabled pay machines and will be deployed across the country.
23rd October 2016: Indiabulls Housing Finance Limited has launched “ Smart City Home Loans” in tier II and tier III cities. Under Smart City Home Loans Indiabulls does a home loan with an average ticket size of 15 lacs and maximum home loan amount up to 40 lacs. Indiabulls Housing Finance also announced an interest rate cut of 5 basis points with a prime loan at 9.3%.
28 August 2017:All the public sector banks have taken loan recovery action under sarfaesi law against 5,954 wilful defaulters who owe about Rs 70,000 crore to lenders. At the end of March 31, 2017, 21 banks together have taken action against 5,954 wilful defaulters under Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest (Sarfaesi) Act, as per data collated by the Finance Ministry. SBI, country’s largest lender has taken action against 1,444 such defaulters. Remaining 20 banks have taken action against 4,510 defaulters. Total outstanding loans due to public sector banks by wilful defaulters amounted to Rs 92,376 crore, according to the finance ministry data. At the same time, there has been close to 10 per cent increase in the number of wilful defaulters on annual basis. A wilful default occurs when a borrower does not honor an obligation despite having the capacity to pay or siphons off funds by disposing of assets without the knowledge of the bank, according to RBI. RBI has allowed banks to name and shame wilful defaulters by publishing their photographs.
07 October 2017:The RBI has imposed some restrictions on banking business of public sector bank Oriental Bank of Commerce. The bank has recently suffered huge losses due to a bad loan. The bank has now become the 7th bank to be placed under such restrictions since March. Bank will face restrictions in terms of opening new branches, hiring staff and lending to sub-investment grade companies, however, it can continue to accept deposits and give small ticket loans. The RBI initiated prompt corrective action (PCA) on October 5 in view of high non-performing assets, the banks said. The bank has said, “This action will not have any material impact on the performance of the bank and will contribute to an overall improvement in its risk management, asset quality, profitability and efficiency.” Earlier RBI has placed restrictions on six banks namely, Dena Bank, Central Bank of India, IDBI Bank, Indian Overseas Bank, Bank of Maharashtra and UCO Bank. RBI has clarified that the banks are placed under PCA to facilitate them to take corrective measures to restore their financial health.
5 August 2017:Flipkart is offering its customers to avail monthly EMIs through their debit cards during its annual Big Billion Days sale. So far, EMIs have been limited to purchases made using credit cards across all big e-commerce sites. The company has created a white list of users who will be given this option. Flipkart is working with State Bank of India and Axis bank to test this new service which will start with large appliances and will be rolled out for mid to high value product later. "Based on past purchases and other data points we have a set of customers who we can offer EMIs through their debit cards. We saw that this population of buyers was not being able to shop for high value products as they did not have credit cards. With this plan about to be introduced they can opt for higher priced items which shall push our overall sales volumes up," said Snadeep Karwa, head of large appliances for Flipkart. Since the number of debit cards outnumbered credit card in India, retailers are thinking about introducing this option. Over the last one year, Flipkart has been pushing consumer finance programmes to boost sales.
14 September 2017:As per current situation, occupation is the single largest element of how frequently household use bank accounts or have zero-balance accounts. "Women are the important mediator of change when it comes to engaging with formal banking channels. Nearly 48 per cent of women preferred depositing money in formal banks and 72 per cent in rural banking institutions compared to men who preferred to keep their money at home," according to the survey titled 'Decoding bank account usage by low-income segments Placing reality in digital ecosystem'. It was released today by Grameen Foundation India, J P Morgan and the Institute of Rural Management Anand (IRMA). When women access financial services, investments in child education and health move to rise; households save more and handle better during times of trouble, said J P Morgan head (global philanthropy), Maneesha Chadha. "This was especially true in rural areas, where 57 per cent of women mentioned that they are in search of updates outside usual banking transactions such as withdrawals and deposits, but only 40 per cent of men did so." The conclusion showed about those unemployed and individuals self-employed in agricultural labour were three times as likely to select for a regular savings account. In general, more than two-thirds of the primary earners of village households have a bank account. But their product choices sometimes act against completing their economic needs, the survey said. It said digital financial services have the capability to overcome some of the biggest obstacles to financial involvement, including limited financial knowledge, transaction charges and access to financial services.
3 August 2017:RBI’s decision to cut its repo rate by 25 basis points to 6 percent is likely to lead to a further cut in the lending rates, especially home and car loans. “Home loan rates could come down to around 8.2% per annum on an average. So, the new borrowers can expect EMIs to come down and which would also cut down the interest outgo over the loan tenure. Banks may come also up with promotional offers till festival season to attract more customers,” Rishi Mehra, CEO of Wishfin.com said. Mehra also said that the old borrowers under the MCLR regime have to wait for the next reset period to get the rate reset while the base rate customers can shift to MCLR regime to take advantage of the lower rates.
The RBI governor Urjit Patel, in his post monetary policy press conference, has said that the transmission of previous rate cut has been strong in the home loan and personal loan segment. The RBI governor hoped that similar transmission of lending rate cuts are made effective in other loan segments too.
24th January 2017: Dewan Housing Finance Limited (DHFL) is expecting an increase of 30% in home loan requirements in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana owing to initiatives like ‘Housing for All by 2022’ and Smart City projects. With rapid urbanization, DHFL expects to increase its loan book size by 30%, which currently accounts for Rs. 16,000 crore of the market in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The loan size averages at 13.92 lakh for Telangana and Rs 11.85 lakh for Andhra Pradesh.
17 July 2017:The Reverse Mortgage Loan was introduced in India about 10 years ago for the betterment of the lives of the senior citizens who own a house. RML will help these citizens to fix their food, medicine and repair of the house. The minimum age to apply for an RML is 60 years and the age limit for spouse in case of a joint loan is 55 years. The applicant must have his property to avail an RML. But to avail this facility one needs to be aware, smart and cautious while dealing with loan providers. There are usually 2 types of RML available one which is the normal one and the other one is RMLeA (Reverse Mortgage Loan enabled Annuity). Usually banks offer 40-50% of the market value of the property, in case the lender is making a promise to provide more you should think twice before applying for the same. There are no restrictions regarding the repayment of the loans the borrower can pay the loan as and when possible. However without selling of the property it can be released by the legal heirs of the borrower by paying accumulated interest and principal amount. The government has exempted the RML under the Finance Act, 2008. The Reverse Mortgage Loan is an excellent option for the retirees who are in search of a regular source of income.
03 October 2017:The RBI data shows the value of paper-clearing transactions fell a fifth from Rs 100 lakh crore in 2012-13 to Rs 80.9 lakh crore at the end of 2016-17.In the same period, the volume of such transactions fell to 120.6 crores from 131.3 crores. Between 2016 and 2017, the volume of cheque transactions fell by over 11 crores. Paper clearing transactions, which accounted for 82% value of total retail payments in 2011-12, dropped to 37% in 2016-17. "Paper-clearing transactions have gone down because other modes like NEFT, RTGS, IMPS have climbed up significantly," told Mrityunjay Mahapatra, DMD, SBI. Paper clearing consists of cheque truncation system, MICR clearing and non-MICR clearing. The RBI data shows that even before demonetisation, digital transactions had been gradually replacing cheque-based transactions."We have seen demand for cheque payments going up, especially in the SME sector. With GST, cash transactions have come down and been replaced by cheques or demand drafts. However, given the fact that digital transactions are growing phenomenally, cheques as a payment method would gradually come down over a period of time," said Virat Diwanji, head branch banking and acquisition, Kotak Mahindra Bank. Leading the pack was Unified Payments Interface (UPI), which the central bank and the government are pushing to drive retail digital payments. UPI controlled 16.6 million transactions in August against 11.4 million the previous month. The 45% month-on-month increase is the highest so far for UPI since demonetisation. Besides UPI, the growth has been continuous by card swipes at the point of sales terminals for merchant payments.
24th March 2017 : Samsung the second largest mobile phone manufacturer has launched “Samsung Pay” in India, it’s a mobile payment service. The app Samsung Pay is available in all the major smart phones of Samsung Including Galaxy S7, Galaxy A5 (2016),Galaxy Note 5, Galaxy S7 edge, Galaxy A5 (2017), Galaxy S6 edge+,Galaxy A7 (2017), Galaxy A7 (2016), Gear S3 and others. Samsung has signed up a partnership with several banks and payment getways in India including HDFC Bank,, SBI, SCB, Citibank, American Express, ICICI Bank, Visa, MasterCard. Samsung has also tied up with mobile wallet PayTM for payments now, and will be adding UPIs support via Axis Bank in coming weeks. The idea of Samsung Pay is to put everything as part of a consumer’ssmart phone, a debit cards, a Credit Cards and Mobile wallets.
As HS Hong, president of President and CEO of Samsung Electronics SouthwestAsia, said we have always supported Make in India program of the India Governmentand with Samsung Pay we are doing meaningful innovation in India and adding value to the system. Samsung becomes the first company to launch a mobile payment service in India, ahead of its competitors Apple Pay and Android Pay. However, the service is still limited to a select few Galaxy smartphones, and we’ll have to wait, and see how soon it is rolled out to other devices
18 July 2017:The non banking finance companies are all set to generate 15%-30% rise in earnings boosted by a rise in mortgage lending and an increase in demand in farm equipment. The regular monsoons and farm loan waivers have lifted the expectations of the rural economy. The first quarter is expected to be driven by high growth induced by retail housing, strong collections from farm sector etc. The housing finance companies report for a profit about 17% to 20% due to a low cost of borrowing. However analysts have reckoned that there will be a decline in the cost of funds driven by extreme liquidity. While HDFC is expected to expand in the commercial sector LIC is likely to tap into the developer and loan against property. After demonetisation analysts see improving trends in growth across product segments in NBFCs. Bajaj Finance is expected to deliver 36% growth. All NBFCs excluding Bharat Financial are expected to show a healthy growth rate as said by Motilal Oswal.
23 September 2017:Reliance Home Finance Ltd, the entity of Reliance Capital Ltd, made a positive debut on the stock exchanges on Friday, rising on the first day of trading. During the day it hit the upper circuit by 5% at Rs 109.20. RHFL is looking to ramp up its affordable housing loan portfolio by tapping the growth potential offered by the housing market and support from the government in the form of subsidies. Ravindra Sudhalkar, executive director and chief executive of RHFL, said the firm expects assets under management to touch Rs 50, 000 crore by 2020. He said the firm had grown at a compound annual rate of 50% in the last three years. RHFL’s gross non-performing assets make up 0.8% of its loan assets. “We will look to build strong retail assets in the home loan segment,” Sudhakar said. | <urn:uuid:85ddc045-b99d-4490-aa94-0db9d57dbf3e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.iservefinancial.com/ifsc-codes/indian-bank/jammu-and-kashmir/udhampur/udhampur | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.961011 | 4,122 | 1.578125 | 2 |
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'A fascinating and inspiring true adventure story … destined to become a classic.' Ranulph FiennesA New York Times bestseller and word of… | <urn:uuid:36a1216e-c89f-47af-9834-da83cc5c8693> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://modniznacky.cz/Botryopteris444039.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.871871 | 695 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Taking advantage of luminescent lanthanide ions.
Lanthanide ions possess fascinating optical properties and their discovery, first industrial uses and present high technological applications are largely governed by their interaction with light. Lighting devices (economical luminescent lamps, light emitting diodes), television and computer displays, optical fibres, optical amplifiers, lasers, as well as responsive luminescent stains for biomedical analysis, medical diagnosis, and cell imaging rely heavily on lanthanide ions. This critical review has been tailored for a broad audience of chemists, biochemists and materials scientists; the basics of lanthanide photophysics are highlighted together with the synthetic strategies used to insert these ions into mono- and polymetallic molecular edifices. Recent advances in NIR-emitting materials, including liquid crystals, and in the control of luminescent properties in polymetallic assemblies are also presented. (210 references.).更多 | <urn:uuid:a74caf12-85aa-4035-b4ba-fd5108831b15> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://med.wanfangdata.com.cn/Paper/Detail/PeriodicalPaper_PM16284671 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.853086 | 289 | 2.8125 | 3 |
A FB reader asked me to pass along this story.
It involves police being used to collect DNA samples for a study on drunk and drugged drivers.
The reader says he encountered police conducting this operation near Watson Road and Mackenzie on the evening of September 6.
It appears our area was one of 60 across the nation where this was happening.
A report in Daily Caller detailed such a study in Alabama:
“drivers were asked to voluntarily offer samples of their saliva and blood for a study being conducted by the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation.
The drivers were compensated for their samples.”
The article continued by quoting an officer:
“They’ve got big signs up that says ‘paid volunteer survey’ and if they want to participate they pull over there and they ask them questions and if they are willing to give them a mouth swab they give them $10 and if they are willing to give them a blood sample they give them $50. And if they don’t do anything they drive off.”
So, what do you think of this “study”?
The full Daily Caller article is attached. | <urn:uuid:3c28b0db-0a65-4585-8fd6-1789d96d44f5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.larryconnersusa.com/unusual-study/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.982833 | 241 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Everyone knows that they should brush their teeth to prevent cavities, but many people are surprised when they go to the dentist and discover they have cavities. Dr. Cannon and the team at Cannon Dental in Salt Lake City, UT can help you maintain great dental health with teeth hygiene tips to reduce the risk of gum disease and tooth decay.
Proper brushing and flossing technique
Studies have demonstrated that electric toothbrushes offer the best protection against plaque. Some of them are even equipped with timers to ensure you use them long enough to remove oral bacteria. However, a soft-bristled toothbrush can also provide good results. When brushing, you should make slow, circular strokes across all surfaces of your teeth to avoid damaging the enamel. Spend at least two minutes brushing and try to give equal attention to each part of your mouth, as well as your tongue, the roof of your mouth, and cheeks. It’s best to brush at least twice a day.
Any flossing is better than no flossing, but most dentists agree that standard dental floss gets the best results. The primary purpose of flossing is to remove plaque before it hardens into tartar. Make sure the floss goes all the way to your gums so you can clean the part of your tooth covered by your gums and form a C shape in each direction. Work slowly to avoid bruising or cutting your gums. You should floss at least once a day, right before your brush.
Happy teeth habits
There are other ways to reduce your risk of cavities. Reducing your alcohol, tobacco, and sugar intake will keep your teeth stronger and attract fewer bacteria. You should be mindful of how often you snack each day. The more time you spend eating, even if it’s just little bits of food, the more opportunities bacteria will have to feed.
No matter how well you brush and floss, you need to maintain regular check-ups at the dentist. Dental hygienists have the tools and training to remove tartar build-up safely and can polish your teeth to make it harder for bacteria to stick. During your exam, Dr. Cannon can point out areas that you’re missing in your home routine. Contact our office in Salt Lake City, UT, today at (801) 406-9985 to set up an appointment and learn more about how we can help. | <urn:uuid:fc79f224-941e-4d69-b3ab-b440cbee791d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.davidhcannondds.com/teeth-hygiene-tips-salt-lake-city-ut/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.94932 | 497 | 2.640625 | 3 |
A great chart from Mike Konczal compares Federal Reserve projections of the future course of unemployment to the bleak reality. His point is that the Fed reacted to Lehman Brothers’ bankruptcy being worse than they expected with new, more foreceful action. So why not react to the labor market being worse than expected with new more forceful action?
I might put this another way, in terms of the need to target the forecast. Since the projections keep being overly optimistic, the Fed keeps responded by making its next projection more pessimistic. But if you’re sailing and the currents push you further west than you meant to be, you don’t alter your forecast of where you’ll land, you use the rudder to steer the boat to point it where you want to go. Throughout 2009, the projections at least keep maintaining that rapid recovery will come in the nearish future. That’s exactly what the projections should say – it would be weird for the Fed to “predict” that it would fail to deliver an adequate level of demand. But when things turned out to be worse than expected, the Fed started building predictions of its own failure into the model and arguing that a level of unemployment far above the “natural rate” would extend for a long time into the future. Why do this? Why not promise to act more forcefully? | <urn:uuid:c3501ead-803f-46d8-af44-3a2a28f260d9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://slate.com/business/2011/11/the-fed-keeps-overestimating-labor-market-health.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.957059 | 279 | 1.78125 | 2 |
The Rise of Fear: North Carolina before the Nat Turner Rebellion
After the American Revolution, slave owners across the United States came to realize the danger in having slaves (Rothman 2005, 21). Slaves fought for both sides during the revolution, and some fought against their own masters. The revolution led many white Americans to see slaves as enemies, as human beings that, if given the chance, would fight for freedom against those that kept them in bondage (Rothman 2005, 21). For many Americans, fears easily became a reality with various forms of slave resistance.
In 1829, a pamphlet was released by David Walker, an African American from Wilmington. The pamphlet was called an Appeal in Four Articles, and urged slaves to rebel against their masters (Plath 2009, 18). The appeal spread throughout North Carolina and convinced many that slave insurrections would soon follow. North Carolina government leaders responded with harsh measures that would bring more control over the potential enemy slave population (Link 2009, 163). In the famous decision made in the case of State v. Mann (1829), North Carolina supreme court judge, Thomas Ruffin ruled that “Despite the right of slaves to life and the desire to protect them from abuse, ‘the power of the master must be absolute, to render the submission of the slave perfect’”(Link 2009, 163). Ruffin’s decision gave total control to slaveholders over their slaves in the hope that more power to slaveholders would ensure the obedience of slaves. Slavery was not a mutual obligation, but a demonstration of power that had to be placed over those that threatened that power. In 1830, various bills were passed by the North Carolina General Assembly that continued to repress slaves. Slaves were no longer allowed to learn to read or write, and publications, such as Walker’s were outlawed (Plath 2009, 20). North Carolina feared that literate slaves would become inspired by such appeals, and rebel against their slaveholders. Various resistances such as Walker’s appeal and government changes highlight the construction of tremendous fear in North Carolina before Nat Turner’s rebellion in 1831. | <urn:uuid:6950225d-0722-431c-a958-1b53873bce44> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cwnc.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/exhibits/show/slave-rebellion-enemies/background/background | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.970529 | 438 | 4.15625 | 4 |
The organization Doctors Without Borders says that at least 22 people were killed—10 of whom were patients—when one of their hospitals in Afghanistan was hit by a U.S. airstrike. The mayor of the city where the hospital is located told The Washington Post that the structure was being used as a base for Taliban fighters who’d been firing weapons from the grounds. The NGO, however, disputes those claims. In a statement, they said that the airstrike constitutes a war crime: “Under the clear presumption that a war crime has been committed, [Doctors Without Borders] demands that a full and transparent investigation into the event be conducted by an independent international body.”
The chief of human rights at the U.N. said, “If established as deliberate in a court of law, an airstrike on a hospital may amount to a war crime.” The Pentagon said that the hospital was targeted inadvertently and they will investigate the incident. An official told The New York Times, American and Afghan troops had come under fire in the area and requested air support. | <urn:uuid:23999404-834c-45b8-9d6f-7f27d6a8cb8a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://relevantmagazine.com/current/22-people-killed-doctors-without-borders-hospital-afghanistan-during-us-airstrike/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.984872 | 216 | 1.640625 | 2 |
Archer’s Challenge Raises Awareness and Money to Make Schools More Accessible
Archer Hadley’s Inspiring Work Makes Austin Schools More Accessible for Students Who Use Wheelchairs
By Vanessa Blankenship
Archer Hadley believes that accessibility should be universal – and that’s why he creates awareness through his non-profit foundation, Archer’s Challenge.
The 23-year-old college student, who was diagnosed with cerebral palsy as a child, navigates life with the assistance of a wheelchair but tackles his everyday obstacles with determination.
From intense workout sessions at Titan Evolution, which is one of five community workout groups featured in our February Wellness issue, to preparing for his last semester at the University of Texas, Hadley is able to juggle responsibilities while running a foundation that’s grown from a high school fundraiser into an annual city-wide event.
Hadley’s first “challenge” took place in 2014 while he was a senior at Austin High School. Originally named after the school’s mascot – he called it the Mr. Maroo Wheelchair Challenge – Hadley wanted to raise $40,000 to install automatic doors at the school.
Hadley would often find himself locked outside the school whenever his aide wasn’t there to open the door for him. One day when Hadley was trying to access a door on the third floor of the campus, he was trapped on the balcony while it was pouring rain.
“This was the straw that kind of broke the camel’s back,” Hadley says. “Not only was I soaking wet and cold, but I was frustrated with the situation. I came home from school, told my mom what happened and said, ‘We have to figure out a way to raise money for these automatic doors because I’m not waiting outside for anybody anymore.’”
The challenge allowed classmates and teachers to spend a day using a wheelchair to experience how the physical infrastructure of the school can be hard or impossible to navigate. Participants could donate $20 to nominate fellow students to take the challenge. The week-long event was so popular among the students that it lasted for an entire month and raised nearly $90,000, Hadley says. That was enough money to install five automatic doors, a roof over the balcony and a wheelchair ramp.
The positive response from the fundraiser inspired other schools to participate, and Hadley brought the challenge to six other high schools in the district.
In 2016, the first city-wide, weeklong challenge took place. From the mayor’s office to news stations to local businesses, members of the community came together to raise proceeds to benefit Rosedale School, which serves students with disabilities.
This year, Archer’s Challenge will be one of the activities at UniversALL Design 2020, an experiential symposium that focuses on inclusive design, whether it’s physical, digital, social or attitudinal.
Hosted by the Page Foundation, the event will be held on March 30th and 31st in Austin’s Second Street District. Hadley will be one of the keynote speakers and participate in a Q&A.
“I have the opportunity to be a leader,” Hadley says. “The opportunity to be a voice for a population that sometimes doesn’t have a voice, and bring an issue to the forefront that really affects everyone … I’m getting to be out in the spotlight. But I’m trying to do it in a way where it’s not about me because this is not about me. I’m just one person with one experience, and with the help of my mom, and some other folks, we’ve been able to kind of grow and have an impact.”
To learn more about Archer’s Challenge or to donate, visit archerschallenge.org. | <urn:uuid:b36c4aa3-df2b-4cc3-bd21-2f8355588bb0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tribeza.com/archers-challenge/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.961616 | 818 | 1.898438 | 2 |
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Resources - Font Resources
Have you ever had to sit at the back of the room during a slide presentation? Did you have to squint to try and make out the text on the screen? Designers know the importance of font selection. A well-designed slide with easy-to-read, suitable fonts can make the difference between engaging an audience and frustrating them.
These resources can explain some of the basic rules to follow when selecting a font as well as several websites for free and affordable font downloads. With so many free fonts available online, it should not be difficult to find a suitable font for your presentation. Here are some sites that offer free fonts. | <urn:uuid:771a30a2-41df-443b-8cb4-115f2bbc2d01> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thebetterpresenter.com/resources-fontresources | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.953845 | 144 | 1.757813 | 2 |
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