text stringlengths 160 608k | id stringlengths 47 47 | dump stringclasses 2 values | url stringlengths 13 2.97k | file_path stringlengths 125 140 | language stringclasses 1 value | language_score float64 0.65 1 | token_count int64 48 145k | score float64 1.5 5 | int_score int64 2 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Thoughts on Futarchy
Democracy, the way we know it, has a lot of problems. Many Americans are now reporting record levels of discontent with the government, in a pattern echoed across other democratic countries globally. This is because, although we theoretically elect our representatives by popular support, policies often fail to represent the best interests of the population.
Despite its shortcomings, we have learned to accept democracy as our main form of government, with the argument that the alternative – autocracy – is much worse. Indeed, autocracy easily devolves into corruption and instability, and an environment that is less than ideal for enhancing human welfare. But what if there’s another alternative – some way to modify democracy that maintains its strengths while improving on its weaknesses?
In fact, even the founders of American democracy (now the model for most democracies globally) recognized that pure democracy would not be effective. That’s how we ended up with elected representatives – the idea is that most people know little to nothing about the implications of this or that policy, so they should not be entrusted with those decisions. Instead, a small, educated elite (i.e. Congress) will make informed decisions on behalf of their constituents, in a way that benefits everyone. As a further enhancement, Congress will receive input from experts (often industry professionals, lobbyists, and academics), who provide important context for making policy in a given sector.
Clearly, though, this system doesn’t really work as intended. Representatives, once elected, often start acting selfishly. Even if not, they tend to capitulate to powerful corporate lobbying arms, and make policy decisions that favor the powerful at the expense of their actual constituents.
Even if their solution was imperfect, the problem identified by the Founding Fathers is a real one: if not everyone is equally capable of making beneficial decisions, then who should be entitled to define policies? In other words, how can we make a compromise between the values of pure democracy and the differential ability of experts to make good decisions?
One potential answer to this problem is futarchy: a system of government in which elected officials define and manage certain measures of welfare, and market speculators decide which policies are implemented. Robin Hanson, in his 2000 paper introducing the idea, puts it succinctly: “vote on values, but bet on beliefs.” In his futarchy manifesto, he defines one simple rule for this system of government:
When a betting market clearly estimates that a proposed policy would increase expected national welfare, that proposal becomes law.
The idea behind prediction markets is that, when people are forced to put their own money behind their decisions, they tend to become more serious, and experts with a higher likelihood of predicting correctly should tend to invest more heavily in support of their decisions. Meanwhile, individuals with limited knowledge would either not participate or quickly lose the money that they put in.
Prediction markets, though not without problems, are generally more accurate than opinion polls, and, because they have yet to be deployed for large-scale decision-making, there are probably quite a few undiscovered design optimizations that could address current shortcomings – an area that merits further research but is certainly promising.
However, one key uncertainty is how you measure success. Let’s say that elected representatives decide to optimize for GDP growth. Even if we assume that GDP growth is unambiguously good, how do we determine what effect a specific policy decision (say, implementing a tax incentive for electric vehicles) has on the GDP of the country as a whole? The central problem of evaluating whether policies worked, with or without prediction markets, is that we never have a true counterfactual – we never would have known, had the policy not been enacted, what would have happened to the country. Furthermore, it is difficult (if not impossible) to disentangle the effect of an individual policy from all the other policies made concurrently.
Without a clear connection between policy decisions and welfare impact, prediction markets will have no basis for awarding either side’s predictions – even five or ten years after implementing an electric vehicle incentive, how will we know whether it truly improved GDP?
This seems to me like the central difficulty with futarchy – the difficulty of measuring policy outcomes. One solution I could see would be to have these markets also define intermediate outcomes. For example, a tax incentive would likely boost sales of electric vehicles, sales of electric vehicles would likely lead to decreased carbon emissions, decreased traditional car sales, and increased economic growth in adjacent industries like battery technology and electricity generation. Meanwhile, each of these downstream effects would have its own downstream effects, getting more and more granular until you can directly estimate the number of dollars a given change will contribute to GDP.
If you had some mechanism (ideally market-based) to successfully identify the most important downstream effects of each decision, then design prediction markets around each of those interactions, you would end up with a system that could efficiently determine the effect of a decision on an aggregated value like GDP.
Assuming these sorts of systems can be implemented, futarchy looks like a promising improvement to democracy, one in which we can not only give voice to our personal values but also benefit from the knowledge of experts in their chosen domains.
But the implementation is precisely the hard part – it’s easy to see plenty of ways this system could go completely wrong, and there are many unresolved uncertainties. American-style democracy may be imperfect, but it has proven itself better than many proposed alternatives. As a result, the most logical first step is to design a small-scale test of the system, perhaps at the scale of a local government, as a way of seeing whether futarchy makes any sense whatsoever. | <urn:uuid:3c553c93-b920-4aa9-b50e-b800ef7bd317> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://anthonyzhou.me/thoughts-on-futarchy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.964006 | 1,165 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Developing an understanding of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is essential for Air Force, and Defence, to enable personnel to make smarter and faster decisions, often in high-risk situations.
To effectively and ethically adopt and deploy game-changing AI technology, a fundamental understanding of what it can and can’t do must first be recognised.
AI such as data-led decision support systems and Air Force’s Cognitive Assistant Avatar – AIMEE, are force multipliers that have the potential to deliver quicker and safer military effects using fewer resources. Jericho Disruptive Innovation held a series of AI Fluency sessions to assist Air Force’s adoption of these rapidly growing technologies.
Credit: Australian Department of Defence
November 16, 2021 | <urn:uuid:43f66561-2ef4-43f4-9a4a-94303a2e7a9e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sldinfo.com/2021/12/is-the-raaf-ready-for-ai/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.912224 | 151 | 2.6875 | 3 |
To increase in size or volume as a result of internal pressure; expand. To increase in force, size, number, or degree: Membership in the club swelled. To grow in loudness or intensity: "The din in front swelled to a tremendous chorus\u201d ( Stephen Crane). To bulge out, as a sail. To rise or extend above the surrounding level, as clouds. To rise in swells, as the sea. To be or become filled or puffed up, as with pride, arrogance, or anger. To rise from within: Rage swelled within me. To cause to increase in volume, size, number, degree, or intensity: The governor's full public disclosure only swelled the chorus of protests. To fill with emotion. The act or process of swelling. The condition of being swollen. A swollen part; a bulge or protuberance. A long wave on water that moves continuously without breaking. A rise in the land; a rounded elevation. Informal One who is fashionably dressed or socially prominent: society swells. Music A crescendo followed by a gradual diminuendo. Music The sign indicating such a crescendo. Music A device on an instrument, such as an organ or harpsichord, for regulating volume. Informal Fashionably elegant; stylish. Informal Excellent; wonderful: had a swell time. | <urn:uuid:07aaa413-584e-4b69-91ca-2bebbe31dd7b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tradukka.com/dictionary/en/swell?hl=de | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.916308 | 284 | 3.171875 | 3 |
In Australia it is an obligation under Workplace health and safety laws, for an employer to provide a safe environment. Each state has different obligations and requirements for the employer to adhere to. For the purposes of an example, we are going to discuss the safety equipment to be provided by the employer of a tree looping business, as part of the occupational health and safety requirements.
The Australian Safety and Compensation Council (ASCC) leads national efforts to prevent workplace deaths. The ASCC seeks to influence and raise awareness w2ith a role to improving workplace safety and (OHS) performance on a national basis.
THE NEED FOR REGULATORY ACTION
The placement and need for the appropriate qualifications and licences for all workers in a high risk environment (Tree Lopping) has been legislated as a minimum requirement to the practice of carrying out safe work practices.
Many licences are issued for life, unless they have been lost or destroyed. Once an operator is issued with a licence they are now fully covered by the governing bodies in the event of a workplace accident. More info from Safe Work Australia.
Here is a list of some of the equipment that must be supplied by the employer.
Head Protection or Safety Helmet.
A hard hat must be provided by the employer that meets all of the requirements of the Australian Safety Standards. Further more the employee must wear the helmet at all times when carrying out any work duties on the work site. If the employee does not meet this requirement then insurances and work cover could be void.
A standard set of certified safety glasses must be issued to the employee, and must be replaced if damaged or lost. By law the employee is not entitled to workers compensation if they have worn a set of safety glasses that do not meet the safety requirements. It is up to the employer to enforce this as a mandatory code of behaviour.
Due to the constant noise of chainsaws and wood chippers at a tree removal site, it is essential for the employer to ensure that adequate ear or hearing protection is available to all workers on the site. Permanent loss of hearing can occur as a result of long term exposure to sounds over a specified level of 85 decibels. Most of the machinery used by a tree worker will exceed that level.
If the worker is a sub contractor working under their own ABN, then the responsibility for OHS lays with them. The sub-contractor is liable for their own insurances and work cover obligations. All of these requirement are governed under civil law.
Disclaimer: While we have made every effort to ensure the accuracy of this article, it is not intended as legal advice. All individual circumstances will differ and such should be discussed with a lawyer. | <urn:uuid:dcc01c63-1290-4ae5-841f-259160c9ec00> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.philipcoelaw.com/ohs-employer-obligations/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.954751 | 560 | 2.125 | 2 |
The number of businesses owned by Hispanic women has tripled in the past eight years, according to the Arizona Hispanic Chamber of Commerce.
“There’s a kind of, if you will, an analogy to be drawn with what’s happening now with Hispanic owned business that are owned by Hispanic women and the kind of Rosie the Riveter phenomenon that happened in World War II,” said James Garcia, communications director at the hispanic chamber of commerce.
Phoenix business owner Carla Chavarria is one of those young entrepreneurs. She created YCM Marketing, a web development and design company in 2012.
“I’m a dreamer, meaning that I didn’t have the proper documents when I was here, so it was very hard for me to work,” Chavarria said.
She went to work for herself instead, and business has been so good that the company is moving to a new office. She advises other women to take a risk.
“Just jump in, enjoy the journey and don’t be afraid to ask for help,” Chavarria said.
She now has documents that allow her to work in the U.S. since she was brought to the U.S. as a child.
The Arizona Hispanic Chamber of Commerce report, DATOS: the State of the Arizona Hispanic Market, lists several reasons for the spike in Latina-owned companies including population growth, education and an entrepreneurial spirit.
The nearly 2.1 million Hispanics in Arizona make up about 30 percent of the state’s total population. Two million women control more half of the roughly 123,000 Hispanic-owned firms.
The Hispanic population will be the majority in Arizona by the end of the next generation and Hispanic students will be the majority of Arizona’s school children by 2020, research projections show.
Garcia expects the next generation’s fresh entrepreneurial spirit will help fuel more growth.
“Rather than saying ‘I have skills and no one wants to hire me,’ they basically said, ‘I’m going to make my own way and I’m going to find a way to contribute to this community and also pursue my own dreams,” Garcia said. | <urn:uuid:fa68a87c-f116-43db-9ab4-1b21ecbb3344> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cronkitenews.azpbs.org/2015/10/15/latina-entrepreneurs-spur-economic-growth-in-arizona/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.956948 | 473 | 1.882813 | 2 |
Úvod »» Mercedes Benz Type G4 (W31): The Ultimate Study
|Rozměry v mm:||300 x 210|
This book contains an in-depth study including some 340 photographs -most of them published for the first time- of the all-road Mercedes Benz G4: the magnificent automobile clearly associated with Adolf Hitler who favored it before and during WWII for traveling and parades. Only three out of a limited series of 57 units have survived till today. But only one of these is in fully original condition: the G4-540 presented by Hitler to General Franco. This car is thoroughly documented here in an outstanding pictorial report. | <urn:uuid:77848e58-51e6-4eea-84e1-c64ac762de5b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.techbooks.cz/techbooks/eshop/0/0/5/15389-Mercedes-Benz-Type-G4-W31-The-Ultimate-Study | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.789081 | 190 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Home / News
(Supplied by a Late Consumptive Usher to a Grammar School)
The pale Usher--threadbare in coat, heart, body, and brain; I see him now. He was ever dusting his old lexicons and grammars, with a queer handkerchief, mockingly embellished with all the gay flags of all the known nations of the world. He loved to dust his old grammars; it somehow mildly reminded him of his mortality.
"While you take in hand to school others, and to teach them by what name a whale-fish is to be called in our tongue leaving out, through ignorance, the letter H, which almost alone maketh the signification of the word, you deliver that which is not true." --HACKLUYT
"WHALE. ... Sw. and Dan. HVAL. This animal is named from roundness or rolling; for in Dan. HVALT is arched or vaulted." --WEBSTER'S DICTIONARY
"WHALE. ... It is more immediately from the Dut. and Ger. WALLEN; A.S. WALW-IAN, to roll, to wallow." --RICHARDSON'S DICTIONARY
KETOS, GREEK. CETUS, LATIN. WHOEL, ANGLO-SAXON. HVALT, DANISH. WAL, DUTCH. HWAL, SWEDISH. WHALE, ICELANDIC. WHALE, ENGLISH. BALEINE, FRENCH. BALLENA, SPANISH. PEKEE-NUEE-NUEE, FEGEE. PEKEE-NUEE-NUEE, ERROMANGOAN.
This is page 1 of 599. [Mark this Page]
Mark any page to add this title to Your Bookshelf. (0 / 10 books on shelf)
Buy a copy of Moby Dick at Amazon.com
Customize text appearance:
(c) 2003-2012 LiteraturePage.com and Michael Moncur.
For information about public domain texts appearing here, read the copyright information and disclaimer. | <urn:uuid:f0668d2f-f711-413e-b379-892689aa5dc0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.literaturepage.com/read.php?titleid=mobydick&abspage=1&changefont=2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.895008 | 510 | 1.898438 | 2 |
The vietnam war was an era unto itself. It was an unpopular war. Those who served were tainted by the my lai massacre, and all were labeled as baby killers. Due to the openness of military operations, and the misinformation and misdirection presented by the upper echelon, the media had a field day. 4, 900 dogs were used during the course of the war between 19. Records of the dogs in vietnam were not maintained by the military prior to 1968, blood trails book vietnam dog thus the discrepancy. Only 204 dogs exited vietnam during the 10- year period.
Some remained in the pacific, and some blood trails book vietnam dog returned to the united states. None returned to civilian life. Hunter' s best friend your labrador can be easily trained to recover wounded whitetails. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for blood trails : the combat diary of a foot soldier in blood trails book vietnam dog vietnam by christopher ronnau (, blood trails book vietnam dog paperback) at the best online prices at ebay! Blood trail vietnam download blood trail vietnam or read online books in blood trails book vietnam dog pdf, epub, tuebl, and mobi blood trails book vietnam dog format. Click download or read online button to get blood trail vietnam book now. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want.
Blood trail vietnam. Create a track and allow it to sit for several hours— just like a real blood trail— before working your dog. Don' t be afraid to work at night, since that' s when you' ll be following many a real. The book is published by dry crik press, and in an editor' s blood trails book vietnam dog note, john dofflemyer writes " blood trails is a celebration of the process which they have dared to relive and blood trails book vietnam dog write about. " blood trails is blood trails book vietnam dog available for $ 14.
50 postpaid from: dry crik press p. Box 44320- bt lemon cove, ca 93244. Elsewhere on the web: vietnam generation blood trails book vietnam dog journal. There are many ways to successfully train a blood tracking dog. The question posed blood trails book vietnam dog by your blog post, " should blood be used in training dogs to track wounded big game? Only comes up because as in many fields of endeavor there are always those who attempt to set blood trails book vietnam dog themselves apart from the rest by saying theirs is the only way to do something. Blood trails", written by long beach, california native chris ronnau, tells of his experiences as a foot soldier in vietnam. His unit, the big red one, was involved in many important infantry operations in the iii corps area of south vietnam, north and west of saigon along the cambodian border.
Once the dog reaches the end of the line give it a treat and allow it to blood trails book vietnam dog chew blood trails book vietnam dog the hide. Repeat this step for several blood trails book vietnam dog days in a row. Repeat step two, this time blood trails book vietnam dog allowing the blood trail to age two hours before beginning. Repeat this step until the dog becomes proficient at following the aged blood blood trails book vietnam dog trail.
It is estimated that the dogs and handlers saved over blood trails book vietnam dog 10, 000 lives. The following is a breakdown of handlers by military branch that served in vietnam. 65% army 26% air force 7% marine 2% navy. What mission ( duties) did blood trails book vietnam dog the dogs and handlers have in vietnam? A scout dog team consisted of one german shepherd and the handler. Finding blood trails book vietnam dog jack is one blood trails book vietnam dog of the best books i' ve ever read. I haven' t been able to stop thinking about the " war dogs" since blood trails book vietnam dog i read the non- fiction book always faithful: a memoir of the marine dogs of wwii by william w. ( that was another one of the best books i' ve ever read. ) finding jack reads like non- fiction.
I can' t count the number of. Pembroke pines, florida) - see all my reviews in reading christopher ronnau' s book, " blood trails", i blood trails book vietnam dog came across a stunning gem! I have read literally hundreds of vietnam memoirs, but " blood trails book vietnam dog blood trails" does more to define " the fog of war" more vividly than most blood trails book vietnam dog autobiographies put together! John jeanneney with our top tracking dog tommy. This book is called by readers their " blood tracking bible". A new, revised and expanded 2nd edition of tracking dogs for finding wounded deer is available now.
It has additional 62 pages ( in total 424 pages), 7 new chapters, more pictures, blood trails book vietnam dog appendices blood trails book vietnam dog and an index. For anyone interested in the vietnam experience blood trails is required reading. That said : the one thing missing from this fine war memoir is the war raging inside blood trails book vietnam dog the combat soldiers head. I was a 124 pound marine who was the ( a ) gunner on a machine gun team. Based on the journal ronnau kept in vietnam, blood trails captures the hellish jungle war in all blood trails book vietnam dog its stark blood trails book vietnam dog life- and- death blood trails book vietnam dog immediacy. This wrenching chronicle is also stirring testimony to the quiet courage blood trails book vietnam dog of those unsung american heroes, blood trails book vietnam dog many not yet twenty- one, who had a job to do and did it without complaint– fighting, sacrificing, and dying for their country. Blood trail ( a joe pickett novel) [ c. * free* shipping on qualifying offers.
In the wake of an elk hunter' s grisly murder, wyoming game warden joe pickett is directed by the governor to investigate the relevance of a mysterious poker chip found at the crime scene. Blood trails: the blood trails book vietnam dog combat diary of a foot soldier in vietnam - ebook written by christopher ronnau. Read this book using google play books app on your blood trails book vietnam dog pc, blood trails book vietnam dog android, ios devices. Download for offline reading, highlight, bookmark or take notes while you read blood blood trails book vietnam dog trails: the combat diary of a foot soldier in vietnam. Proven dog breeds for blood blood trails book vietnam dog tracking deer this chapter is a reference of proven pure breeds for tracking wounded big game animals. The blood trails book vietnam dog best choice you may make for a blood tracking dog is the dog that is already at your house as a family pet, no matter what the breed or mix breed. United blood trackers is dedicated to promoting resource conservation through the use of trained tracking dogs in the ethical recovery of big game. Learn more trackfest trackfest will be held at the j robert gordan sandhills field trial grounds and clubhouse in hoffman, nc on april. Blood tracking dogs for blood trails book vietnam dog sale we are now just over 70 days away from the deer season and i cannot encourage you enough blood trails book vietnam dog to get your blood tracking dogs now, as blood trails book vietnam dog in before you need one, so the dog can get acclamated to you and your surroundings and be ready to track when you need one.
And real blood trail dog training blood trails book vietnam dog occurs during deer season, not in the off season, and this is a great time and way to blood trails book vietnam dog help your new dog understand that you want them to track blood because you can at the very least feed them raw deer meat, and put them on multiple blood trails even if you have found the deer blood trails book vietnam dog already, because the more you give them in blood experiences, the more focused they are. The latest installment of the blood trails series. Dogs of vietnam/ brief history: there is a confirmed list of 3, 747 dogs that were used in vietnam identified by dr. Howard hayes, veterinarian ( ret) blood trails book vietnam dog of the national institute of health as of march 1994, by " brand number" ( a tattoo usually placed in the left ear of the dog). Any dog that will break off of a blood trail in pursuit of a rabbit it jumped isn' t worth a plugged nickle. It' s important that the dog have the desire to work a trail to it' s end. You may have two puppies from the same litter where one will make an excellent blood tracker, and the other couldn' t track it' s way out of a paper sack. The trail of blood: following the christians down through the centuries blood trails book vietnam dog - or, the history of baptist churches from the time of christ, their founder, to the present day by j. Once a warrior king: memories of an officer in blood trails book vietnam dog vietnam david donovan. Blood trails: the combat diary of a foot soldier in vietnam christopher blood trails book vietnam dog ronnau. : a firsthand account of the vietnam wae johnnie clark.
Are stories from down in the boonies. Low level hell hugh mills. Snake pilot: flying the cobra attack helicopter in vietnam randy r. The majority of our clients are interested in having a dog trained to locate wounded animals, commonly referred to as " blood trails. " in my book the canine tracking guide, i' ve explained that the dog is not actually tracking the blood spill, but is tracking the scent accumulated in the blood as it rolled off the skin of the animal. Blood dog training is a division of abcantra ( abney canine training), and is dedicated to the training of blood trailing dogs. Our course is an intensive four week program where your dog is taught to follow the scent of blood trails book vietnam dog the animal you wish to find. Tracker dogs: the labrador retriever dog was the only breed trained blood trails book vietnam dog for tracking.
Their primary role was to track the enemy’ s scent or blood trails throughout south vietnam, so that larger american forces could reengage. Black and yellow labs were favored. Labs were friendly, handled the heat okay and had blood trails book vietnam dog a natural instinct for tracking. Com: blood trails: the combat diary of a foot soldier in vietnamby christopher ronnau and a great selection of similar new, blood trails book vietnam dog used and collectible books available now at great prices. Blood trails: the combat diary of a foot soldier in vietnam. Chris ronnau volunteered for the army and was sent to vietnam in january 1967, armed with an m- 14 rifle and american express traveler’ s checks. Use the blood in blood trails book vietnam dog the spray bottle to create trails out in the woods and work with your dog blood trails book vietnam dog as he masters the art blood trails book vietnam dog of tracking blood in the woods.
If you make a kill, take your dog out with you and see if he can track blood trails book vietnam dog down the dead animal, you may have to create a trail to it, but the more you can practice this the sooner he can master the skill. The more the dog is motivated to please you the easier blood trails book vietnam dog training will be. The dog that can follow a blood blood trails book vietnam dog line laid with blood trails book vietnam dog ½ pint of blood and aged 20 to 24 blood trails book vietnam dog hours should be capable of finding many wounded deer that cannot be tracked by eye. The dog will improve a great deal more with practical experience in the field and with emotional maturity. Love2love7184: what is the best dog for blood tracking and hunting? I am looking for a dog breed that is good for hunting ( mainly deer) and good with families. I have a young child and do not want an aggressive breed. I am a novice dog trainer and would like to try and do most of the training myself. Blood dogs almost any dog that is trainable and wants to please the owner can find a deer that is wounded if it is not too old a track. The real blood dogs, those that can run a trail blood trails book vietnam dog 12- 48 hours latter are a whole blood trails book vietnam dog different story.
Then you would want a breed specifically developed for that blood trails book vietnam dog purpose. Blood trails: the combat diary of a foot soldier in vietnam - kindle edition by christopher ronnau. Download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. Use features like bookmarks, note blood trails book vietnam dog taking and highlighting while reading blood trails: the blood trails book vietnam dog combat diary of a foot soldier in vietnam. Learn how to teach your dog to track wounded deer! For more videos on deer tracking dogs or for tracking wounded deer with dogs go to the website blood trails book vietnam dog above. The source for blood tracking. Dog deer tracking and recovery game recovery dog training system by dog bone- why it works! Tracking and recovering a wounded deer can be one of the hardest jobs a hunter has to do, but with the new game recovery dog training blood trails book vietnam dog system by dog bone it has become much more formalized and easy to accomplish with any gun dog. | <urn:uuid:268fbe7d-1e6a-4ef6-89b5-b5e3cdd24dff> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://downphysing.mynetav.org/573c18ed873.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.925646 | 2,980 | 2.03125 | 2 |
By Riwai-Couch, DR Melanie
Niho Taniwha equips educators with culturally responsive practices to better serve and empower Maori students and their whanau. The book is centred around the Niho Taniwha model in which both the learner and the teacher move through three phases in the teaching and learning proce...ss: Whai, Ako and Mau. Educational success for Maori students is about more than academic achievement - it includes all aspects of hauora (health and wellbeing). This book demonstrates how to create learning environments that encompass self-esteem, happiness and engagement in Maori language, identity and culture. While Niho Taniwha presents challenging topics, the book has a practical focus that supports teachers in how to implement the model. Niho Taniwha will challenge and motivate the reader to improve their learning and teaching environment.Read more
Add to Basket
There are no reviews for this title.
There is no author biography for this title.
Subscribe now to be the first to hear about specials and upcoming releases.
Copyright © 2022 Wheelers Books
· All rights reserved | <urn:uuid:66480787-fc69-4e9c-b8e1-2065874efd0e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wheelers.co.nz/books/9781775506683-niho-taniwha-improving-teaching-and-learning-for-akonga-maori/?dateRange=new | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.923118 | 241 | 2.703125 | 3 |
When packages left on the porch keep getting stolen… regular folks would have a security camera system setup to nab the thief. Meanwhile a former NASA engineer designed and made a Glitter Bomb Trap to teach these thieves a colorful and (nasty) odor-filled lesson. The engineer is Mark Rober, the same person who made the world’s largest NERF gun and the world’s largest Super Soaker. Before his engineer mind kicked in, Rober did what any folk would do; he recorded the deed, brought it to the police, but police can’t do anything about it because, America.
So he to take matters into his own hands, engineered the Glitter Bomb Trap… disguised as a delivered package, obviously. This over engineered prank device is designed to spits out a shit load of shiny flakes, followed by some really nasty fart – courtesy of a cam-operated fart spray. A built-in accelerometer, along with a geo-fencing setup and GPS, detects if the package has been moved and alert Rober wirelessly, while onboard GPS track where it has been taken. There are sensors to sense if the package is opened and trigger the teach-you-not-to-steal sequence.
The sensors also wake up the four smartphones within to start recording this unwanted “unboxing.” LTE radio is also present to upload the footage to the Cloud in case the package cannot be recovered and finally, a custom circuit board, serving as the brain of the entire operation, completes the setup. Mark Rober’s Glitter Bomb Trap is indeed an over engineered thief-pranking device. Since the creation of this brilliant device, Mark has caught a few despicable folks in the act and suffering the consequence as a result.
Needless to say, seeing justice served without harming the perpetrators was particularly satisfying. Although I do agree with some comments that maybe glitter and fart spray were too light of a punishment for this evil-doers. Anywho, continue reading for a video to see the details of this awesome rig and the reaction of the thieves when they opened the package. | <urn:uuid:005430fc-2e85-4b51-9f19-31e33c07e87d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mikeshouts.com/glitter-bomb-trap-mark-rober/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.965841 | 435 | 1.75 | 2 |
This School Guide heat map has been plotted using official pupil data taken from the last School Census collected by the Department for Education. It is a visualisation of where pupils lived at the time of the annual School Census.
Our heat maps use groups of postcodes, not individual postcodes, and have naturally soft edges. All pupils are included in the mapping (i.e. children with siblings already at the school, high priority pupils and selective and/or religious admissions) but we may have removed statistical ‘outliers’ with more remote postcodes that do not reflect majority admissions.
For some schools, the heat map may be a useful indicator of the catchment area but our heat maps are not the same as catchment area maps. Catchment area maps, published by the school or local authority, are based on geographical admissions criteria and show actual cut-off distances and pre-defined catchment areas for a single admission year.
This information is provided as a guide only.
The criteria in which schools use to allocate places in the event that they are oversubscribed can and do vary between schools and over time.
These criteria can include distance from the school and sometimes specific catchment areas but can also include, amongst others,
priority for siblings, children of a particular faith or specific feeder schools. Living in an area where children have previously
attended a school does not guarantee admission to the school in future years. Always check with the school’s
own admission authority for the current admission arrangements.
3 steps to help parents gather catchment information for a school:
Look at our school catchment area guide for more information on heat maps. They give a useful indicator of the general areas that admit pupils to the school. This visualisation is based on all attending pupils present at the time of the annual School Census.
Use the link to the Local Authority Contact (above) to find catchment area information based on a single admission year. This is very important if you are considering applying to a school.
On each school page, use the link to visit the school website and find information on individual school admissions criteria. Geographical criteria are only applied after pupils have been admitted on higher priority criteria such as Looked After Children, SEN, siblings, etc.
The leadership team has maintained the good quality of education in the school since the last inspection. Following a period of uncertainty when your position was temporary, you were appointed as substantive headteacher of Hevingham and its partner school in December 2017. Since then, you have drawn staff together to create an effective and cohesive staff team. The school has a highly positive ethos with pupils’ well-being at the heart of everything that you do. Pupils told me that they particularly value the friendly and supportive nature of this small school where ‘you are never a stranger’. Following changes to the governing body and acting on advice from the local authority, governors have reviewed and improved their systems so that they provide a better balance of challenge together with support for leaders. Governing body minutes show that governors now ask appropriately challenging questions of leaders, for example in relation to pupils’ progress. You have taken action to address the issues identified in the previous inspection report, which I evaluated during the inspection and have reported on below. You, your staff and governors share a determination to move the school on further. You are developing leadership across the two schools through the well-judged use of professional development. However, not all leaders are yet able to fully evaluate the impact of their actions in improving pupils’ progress. Teaching is good because teachers know pupils as individuals and consider their needs and enthusiasms when planning work. Teachers take time to plan lessons which will engage and enthuse pupils in learning. Pupils said that teachers and other adults support them well in their learning and intervene quickly if someone is having difficulty. Additional adults are well used to support pupils in their learning. Pupils support each other in their learning. For example, pupils enjoy the opportunity to critique each other’s work and use the prompts provided to provide sensible and thoughtful comments for their friends. Pupils enjoy school and like their teachers, so the majority behave well in lessons and at playtimes. Pupils like their lessons, but some feel that there could be a better range of after school activities available to them. Safeguarding is effective. You ensure that all systems are in place to keep pupils safe at Hevingham Primary School. You ensure that all statutory requirements are fully met. Checks on staff are carried out rigorously and checked by you and the safeguarding governor regularly. Training for staff is kept up to date and is effective. This is shown by the records of concerns staff have completed, which demonstrate that staff know what to look for that indicates that a child may be at risk. You ensure that concerns are followed up and you liaise with external agencies to ensure that support for pupils at risk is provided in a timely manner. We discussed the fact that an out-of-date safeguarding policy was on the school’s website at the start of the inspection. You showed me the up-to-date policy agreed with governors and ensured that this was uploaded during the inspection. Pupils said that the school is a safe place and that bullying is rare. Pupils spoken to during the inspection told me that there are occasional incidents at playtime, but that these are dealt with by staff. Pupils know how to keep themselves safe, including when online. This is because safety is taught as part of the curriculum. However, you recognise that you need to do more to help parents and carers understand the potential dangers to their children when online and steps they can take to help keep them safe. A small number of parents responded to Ofsted’s online questionnaire, Parent View. Of these, a few are concerned about behaviour at the school. You are aware of some concerns and are taking effective action to address these. For example, you are revising the school’s behaviour policy and involving pupils and parents in this. We discussed the need to ensure that this is done swiftly so that parents know that you take their concerns seriously and are reassured that pupils are safe in school. Inspection findings The first area that we agreed I would look at during the inspection was the progress of pupils in reading and mathematics. I looked in particular at the progress of the most able pupils because improving the progress of the most able pupils in mathematics was an area for improvement from your previous inspection. In 2017, pupils with high prior attainment made less progress by the end of Year 6 than was the case nationally. We also agreed I would look at whether boys and girls are making equally good progress in these subjects. I found that pupils demonstrate enthusiasm for reading. This is equally the case for boys and girls. Older pupils are able to talk confidently about their favourite authors, about different genres and about literary devices used by authors. Younger pupils are developing appropriate phonic skills through well-tailored teaching. Pupils in Year 1 are able to identify sounds and to use these in their reading. In the early years, children are encouraged to use their sounds to write simple sentences and captions as part of their activities. For example, during the inspection, children made labels for the insects they had made out of pasta following a story. Reading is promoted by the attractive library with its ‘book hunt’ display, although some pupils feel that the library could have more of the types of ‘fun books’ that they enjoy. Teachers promote reading for enjoyment. During the inspection, pupils were taking part in ‘World book day’ and enjoying reading a variety of different books and completing activities related to these. Pupils, both boys and girls, are making good progress in mathematics, because changes to the curriculum are proving effective. The greater emphasis on reasoning and problem solving is evident, and pupils are developing confidence in explaining their mathematical thinking and applying their knowledge in different contexts. This approach is enabling the most able pupils to extend their thinking and make better progress than previously. The provision of challenge choices is helping pupils to develop their independence in mathematics. Pupils know that they can join a particular group if they need help with a concept or skill, or that, if they are ready, they can choose a greater challenge. You have expanded the opportunities for writing provided for pupils, with a particular emphasis on writing across the curriculum. This was an area for improvement identified in the previous inspection report. We agreed that better opportunities for writing across the curriculum are provided in some classes than in others. We agreed that progress in writing for the most able pupils is not as strong as it should be. Those pupils who clearly have the potential to achieve above the expected standard are not sufficiently challenged and so do not produce work of the standard they are capable of. The next area we agreed that I would look at was pupils’ progress across the broader curriculum. I looked at pupils’ work and curriculum plans and found that pupils enjoy a broad and well-thought-out curriculum. Pupils have plentiful opportunities, for example, to explore scientific concepts and to carry out investigations. They enjoy art activities, music and sport. You have specifically sought to include opportunities for making learning purposeful, and these are increasingly well provided. For example, pupils were planning a lunch for older people in the village and thinking carefully about designing the menus so that they would reflect the theme and appeal to their audience. Teachers carefully plan to integrate subjects within themes where possible, but also check to ensure that there are no gaps in pupils’ learning and that pupils cover the necessary content of each subject. Nonetheless, teachers’ expectation of pupils’ written work in some subjects, such as science and history, are not as high as in English. Systems for assessing pupils’ progress are developing well but are at an early stage, and leaders are not yet able to draw on these to identify where progress is strong or where more work is needed. The final area that we agreed I would focus on was to check whether the support you provide for disadvantaged pupils is effective in improving their progress. You know all pupils well and are very aware of their individual barriers to learning. You put in place support for pupils which caters for both their academic and their social and emotional needs. For example, you have appointed a nurture leader who meets with individual pupils who have worries or difficulties. You also provide support for pupils in classes, ensuring that this support benefits the maximum number of pupils. You ensure that all teachers are aware of the needs of disadvantaged pupils in their class. These pupils are discussed during pupil progress meetings and additional support planned and implemented. This well-planned and targeted support ensures that the majority of disadvantaged pupils are making good progress, and some are making better progress than other pupils in the school. However, current plans for the use of pupil premium funding are insufficiently detailed, and so governors are not able to hold leaders to account sufficiently for the use of this funding. Next steps for the school Leaders and those responsible for governance should ensure that: teachers provide greater support and challenge for the most able pupils in writing, to enable them to achieve the higher standards they are capable of teachers have equally high expectations of the quality and presentation of pupils’ written work across the curriculum and in all classes middle leaders develop their skills so that they are better able to evaluate the impact of their actions in improving pupils’ progress plans for the use of funding for disadvantaged pupils reflect the good provision in place. I am copying this letter to the chair of the governing body, the regional schools commissioner and the director of children’s services for Norfolk. This letter will be published on the Ofsted website. Yours sincerely Maria Curry Her Majesty’s Inspector Information about the inspection During the inspection, I met with both you and the assistant headteacher, some middle leaders, and with three governors. I met with a group of pupils from Years 4, 5 and 6 and read with a small number of pupils. I scrutinised a range of documents, including information on pupils’ progress, safeguarding, development planning and the school’s selfevaluation. I visited all classes and evaluated pupils’ work. I took account of 10 responses to Ofsted’s online questionnaire, Parent View.
2015 GCSE RESULTSImportant information for parents
Due to number of reforms to GSCE reporting introduced by the government in 2014, such as the exclusion of iGCSE examination results, the official school performance data may not accurately report a school’s full results. For more information, please see About and refer to the section, ‘Why does a school show 0% on its GSCE data dial? In many affected cases, the Average Point Score will also display LOW SCORE as points for iGCSEs and resits are not included.
Schools can upload their full GCSE results by registering for a School Noticeboard. All school results data will be verified.
We respect your privacy and never share your email address with the reviewed school or any third parties.
Please click on the link in the confirmation email sent to you.
Your review is awaiting moderation and we will let you know when it is published.
Our Moderation Prefects aim to do this within 24 hours.
Another email has been sent to
Unlock the rest of the data now
See All Official School Data
View Catchment Area Maps
Access 2022 League Tables
Read Real Parent Reviews
Unlock 2022 Star Ratings
Easily Choose Your #1 School
£14.95 Per month
Already have an account?
Already have an account?
Okay, let's register to unlock School Guide Just £14.95per month Cancel your subscription at any time | <urn:uuid:2f2451c0-c70d-4a28-9b43-e938b34fd8f0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.schoolguide.co.uk/schools/hevingham-primary-school-norwich | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.972164 | 2,846 | 2.046875 | 2 |
What means anticipatory?
How do you define the Americas?
What does the media consist of?
What is the main type of environment?
What is an example of symbolism?
What is called as note?
What is a synonym for legitimacy?
How do I write my name in Western script?
What does it mean to encapsulate a placenta?
How is preparation going on reply?
What nationality is Danny Kenyon?
Is Senora Acero based on a true story?
What is the spokesperson role?
Table of Contents:
- Can a single person get council tax discount?
- What is single person discount on council tax?
- How far back can I claim council tax reduction?
- How long does it take for council tax reduction?
- Is council tax reduction a benefit?
- Who is exempt council tax?
- How do I pay council tax if I moved in?
- Who pays council tax in a HMO?
- Are HMOs exempt from council tax?
- Do you need fire doors in HMO?
- Who pays for council tax in a rented property?
- Do you have to pay council tax if you rent a flat?
- Do I have to pay council tax if I rent privately?
- How much council tax do I pay on an empty property?
- How can I avoid paying council tax on an empty property?
- Do you pay council tax if someone dies?
Can a single person get council tax discount?
If you are the only adult who lives in your home, you can get a 25% discount on your Council Tax bill. You will need to tell your council that you are the only adult living in your home and apply for the discount. Your income and savings won't affect this discount.
What is single person discount on council tax?
A full Council Tax bill is based on at least two adults living in a property. If you're the only person over the age of 18 who lives in your home and it's your sole or main residence, you're entitled to a discount of at least 25 per cent on your Council Tax bill.
How far back can I claim council tax reduction?
How long does it take for council tax reduction?
Is council tax reduction a benefit?
Council Tax Support (also known as Council Tax Reduction) is a benefit to help people who are on a low income or claiming certain benefits to pay their Council Tax bill.
Who is exempt council tax?
The property must be occupied by a dependent relative who is defined as; a person aged 65 years or more, a person who is substantially and permanently disabled or severely mentally impaired for the purpose of council tax. This exemption came into effect from 1 April 1997.
How do I pay council tax if I moved in?
When Do You Start Paying Council Tax After Moving In Your council tax responsibilities start promptly from the day that you move into your new address. If you've move within the same local authority, your direct debit can continue at your new address, so expect to pay at the same time as at your previous address.
Who pays council tax in a HMO?
Usually the person liable to pay is the adult resident. However, the owner will always be liable to pay council tax when the property is an HMO.
Are HMOs exempt from council tax?
If you are renting a HMO to students where they generally pay most of the bills – it is their responsibility to pay the council tax – except as students, they are one of the few exempt people to not have to pay the council tax.
Do you need fire doors in HMO?
As it currently stands, fire doors are only legally required in Houses in Multiple Occupation (HMOs). All doors leading to an escape route must be fire resistant and close automatically and it's advised that fire doors are also fitted to high-risk rooms, such as the kitchen.
Who pays for council tax in a rented property?
If you have a tenant or joint tenants who have a valid tenancy agreement for the whole property they are responsible for paying the council tax.
Do you have to pay council tax if you rent a flat?
Usually, if you rent the entire property to one or several joint tenants, it is their responsibility to pay. ... However, if you rent to several tenants with individual tenancy agreements, you will become responsible for paying council tax. Therefore, if you rent out an HMO property, you will be liable to pay.
Do I have to pay council tax if I rent privately?
Generally, most landlords will require you to pay your council tax separately from the rent as this payment goes to the council.
How much council tax do I pay on an empty property?
Empty homes surcharge From 1st April 2019 this increased to 100%. From 1st April 2020 homes that have been empty and unfurnished for 5 years or more have been charged an extra 200% council tax. From 1st April 2021 homes that have been empty and unfurnished for 10 years or more will be charged an extra 300% council tax.
How can I avoid paying council tax on an empty property?
Those who moved into a care home or hospitals, people serving a prison sentence and students can get some reduction in the total amount and avoid paying council tax on an empty property. People living alone or only adult in the house can get a rebate. Those with a disability or mental impairments are exempt.
Do you pay council tax if someone dies?
If the property is unoccupied and was owned by the deceased, it will be exempt from charges until probate is granted, and for up to six months after that date if it remains unoccupied. After the six months, the deceased's estate has to pay the full council tax charge.
- What are some symbols in Life of Pi?
- What do the four candles of Advent symbolize?
- What are some important symbols of Islam?
- What is symbolic Interactionism Mead?
- What are the 5 major themes in Hamlet?
- How do I get small office space?
- What is the Mad Dog a symbol of?
- What are all the symbols in Lord of the Flies?
- What tax form do I use for single with no dependents?
- Why is the Conch a symbol in Lord of the Flies?
- What genre is the social dilemma?
- What is the significance of weather symbols?
- What is meant by Symbol in sociology?
- What symbol does Islam use?
- What is the most important symbol in Islam?
- What do Buddhist symbols represent?
- What are bravery symbols?
- What is a small sofa called?
- Why are national symbols our pride?
- What symbolizes strength in Japan? | <urn:uuid:07454ff1-d12e-46a5-aae3-8e61fe7a3e3c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sociology-tips.com/library/lecture/read/37383-can-a-single-person-get-council-tax-discount | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.954426 | 1,522 | 2.125 | 2 |
Ivey Business School
Innovation has its limitations as well, no less than for the employees. The tradition or rules of the organisation may be changed in response to globalisation and to remain in it´s place available in the market, it´s fundamental to modernise the market. Change are restraining forces in a business to reamain aggressive and stay or get a greater place in the market. Innovation consists of creativity so as to give more possibilities to get the business to success. Culture are the norms of an organisation, a rustic, or different social grouping it shapes the values, beliefs, and customs of people.
Equally a pupil getting 28 marks or 34 marks would have got level 4 or 6 respectively. Small errors are massively penalised and all college students leave the exam room feeling like they’ve failed. You can see this failure simply sufficient by looking at previous paper grade boundaries.
The moral considerations raised by the methodology and software of psychological analysis are also key considerations of the IB psychology course. The option paper for Calculus also shows the same lamentable failings. The November 2015 Calculus paper required solely 38% to get a stage 4 and 56% for a degree 6. Given that so few students obtain stage 6 or 7 this implies the paper was so badly designed that most likely near seventy five% of the students taking it received lower than 50%.
This might present that a excessive percentage of people would go to the theatre if reductions have been provided at various times. If your analysis additionally showed that more people would purchase tickets within the afternoon, you could analyse this using priceelasticity concept and how demand tends to be more worth elastic in off-peak periods. You may then consider this by contemplating the issues of measuring value elasticity. a query straightforward to know centered accessible to primary and secondary research accessible to evaluation and evaluation utilizing business methods manageable throughout the 4000-word limit. The three way partnership would involve Merx Hotels constructing a 50-room resort on Millennium Sport’s website.
Hard questions and low grade boundaries merely lead to demotivated and disillusioned students who really feel like their 2 years slogging by way of HL has been wasted. That college students who begin the course with enthusiasm and love for the topic get progressively crushed and demoralised? It’s not as if the IB aren’t conscious that they’ve created a course that hardly any students get profit from. The most recent launch acknowledges that “college students battle to reach their full potential” within the subject – with a plan to scale back the marks on the paper to provide college students more time. But this is failing to deal with the overall explanation for the issue, i.e that examiners persist in producing dangerous exams which don’t keep in mind the wants of the students taking them.
It is unclear why this firm is promoting that they’ve case research preparation resources. In March they have been nonetheless basing their preparation on final yr’s case study. Technically, I guess, it’ll present students practise with a case research, but a past Paper 1 IB Business Management exam can be better (and higher value for cash!). It is launched very late in the piece which, given the very limited time we as teachers or our students need to master the IB Business Management case research, is a giant downside.
The awards got here in a variety of classes, underlining BNY Mellon’s achievements in asset servicing, fintech innovation and investment management. As a worldwide company, BNY Mellon takes great pride in our numerous workforce and in fostering a culture of inclusion, fairness and belonging. eFollett is the go-to online resource for college kids, fans and alumni on the lookout for the most complete offering of campus gear, textbooks, school provides, gifts and extra. Follett is a prime supplier of education know-how, providers and print and digital content material, and higher schooling’s main campus retailer.
Competitive advantage, mental property rights, customer loyalty, excessive premium prices, publicity and decrease costs. Components used and disposed as a substitute of being put again into the production course of. All essential elements are stored in a list and are restocked when needed. This process increases overhead costs of storage and losses for when components or uncooked supplies depreciate.
An on-line glossary of phrases relating to business and management. An on-line dictionary which incorporates definitions of the most important subject specific phrases that college students will come across in secondary degree accounting, business research and economics programs. The only DP Business and Management text developed with the IB, rigorous examination assist gives unrivalled perception into IB evaluation and drives high achievement. Written by skilled IB teachers and workshop leaders, this totally up to date edition offers unrivalled protection of the brand new 2014 syllabus. Thoroughly matched to the IB philosophy and encouraging a really outward-looking approach, case research and TOK connections guarantee a firm understanding of right now’s increasingly international business surroundings.
Increase prices, less revenue, lesses to non-ethical rivals, danger of receiving social backlash for unhealthy behavior. Profit maximisation, revenue satisfying , progress, increasing market share, survival, maximising quick-term gross sales revenue and maximising shareholder value. | <urn:uuid:626deb4e-5362-47d5-a2f6-50e110c6bca9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.aoltimewarnerfoundation.org/solutions-to-ib-business-and-management-sl-2.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.935719 | 1,082 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Our Primary School Programme offers a vital educational opportunity for your school.
All our programmes support the Primary Schools Curriculum by highlighting social and environmental issues, developing numeracy and literacy skills and bringing curriculum subjects to life in a fun and relevant way. Our highly experienced facilitators will deliver these specifically tailored Programmes in a creative, safe and fun learning environment. The mission of all our programmes is to expand on the following essential skills:
- Critical thinking
- Creative problem solving
- Confidence in their own capabilities
- Curiosity and experimentation
- Teamwork and collaboration
- Patience and concentration
- Communication and expression of ideas
We can work with students from Junior Infants to Sixth Class. We combine creative arts and drama to encourage pupils to think and act imaginatively and spontaneously. These workshops will help bring the children’s potential to the forefront, while instilling them with a greater confidence.
Workshops in the Classroom include:
- Make your own Radio Play
- Creative DIY (Drama and arts In You)
- In their Shoes – Empathy and Respect Workshop
- Introduction to Shakespeare
Our CPD courses are approved by the Department of Education and Skills and have been built around the learning aims and objectives from the Primary school curriculum: Drama (DES, 1999). The strand ‘drama to explore feelings, knowledge and ideas, leading to understanding’ is addressed within the strand units ‘exploring and making drama’, ‘reflecting on drama’ and ‘co-operating and communicating in making drama’ are explored. Each course is divided into strands addressing in a multidisciplinary means all the core curriculum subjects at Primary level. Contact firstname.lastname@example.org to be added to our mailing list for info on upcoming CPD courses.
Dramatic arts education is an important way of stimulating creativity. It can challenge students perceptions about their world and about themselves, students overcome difficulties with speaking in public and help to develop tolerance and empathy in students.
Each year our education outreach programme selects new projects that will enrich and enhance students’ education while also staying relevant to the themes and issues of the current year. Check out the video below to see some examples of our previous projects: | <urn:uuid:6dd6cf48-0e3d-403e-b291-46cce66e61b0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gaietyschool.com/outreach-and-education/primary-school/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.931317 | 464 | 3.0625 | 3 |
HPAI – H5 N8 (High Pathogenic Avian Influenza) break in Zimbabwe
** UPDATE ***
Considering the communication issued on 8 June 2017 and the meeting held between the poultry veterinary group, DAFF and industry leaders held on 9 June 2017.
- The authorities are of the opinion that H5N8 is already present in the South African wildbird population, more specifically ducks and backyard farming operations. As a result, we are on high alert.
- All open waters must be considered high risk and use of such waters for use within the poultry industry either for washing or drinking must only be considered after effective treatment of such waters.
- All personnel working at a commercial poultry operation must be devoid of contact with live poultry outside of their own operation.
- A reminder that the state requires Bi-annual testing of flocks via bloods tests. This must be strictly adhered to. The minimum required testing being 29 samples representing a single biological unit. Further control measures are under consideration and all clients will be advised accordingly.
- These samples are to be sent to the nearest state veterinarian. C4 Africa is able and willing to assist if needed.
- Clients are reminded that if an increase in mortality is noted, that such incidents should be reported immediately to both the state veterinarian and the consulting veterinarian for postmortem and testing.
- It was stressed that Biosecurity remains the primary method of control coupled with risk management and vigilance of personnel and protocols.
- Should any further information be released we shall inform you as soon as possible. | <urn:uuid:e7c581ea-e28e-403d-8792-879cecec30bb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://c4-africa.co.za/?page_id=520 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.939959 | 320 | 2.015625 | 2 |
For every stage of production across a variety of product applications and industries, there is a possibility for contamination or issues and inconsistencies in food quality. The good news is that for every stage of production, there are technologies capable of detecting and rejecting contaminants, determining that products meet production requirements for count, mass, size, shape or other attributes and storing information on products for product traceability purposes. Advanced food x-ray inspection from Eagle, powered by the latest software, helps ensure food safety and integrity and provides you with traceability that your customers increasingly demand.
Consumers want to know more about where their food comes from. Retailers and foodservice operators want to be able to answer their consumers’ questions and, for their part, also want more information on sourcing and production. As a manufacturer, you want to ensure the quality and integrity of products from one side of your facility to the other.
That’s a lot of interest in food traceability. Thanks to advanced x-ray technology and accompanying software, the need to learn more about products is met with track and trace solutions that identify items through various stages of production. While every manufacturing plant is different, with unique lines and floor plans, food inspection systems from Eagle Product Inspection can be deployed at several key points to support traceability.
Raw material and ingredients:
To find and reject contaminants as early as possible in the process, Eagle’s x-ray systems scan incoming raw material and, through proprietary SimulTask™ PRO software, capture information on what, when and by whom product was inspected. Because ingredients and raw material can come into a manufacturing plant from different vendors and sources, a thorough early foreign object detection is pivotal in protecting products before the process begins in the facility.
Eagle offers several food inspection systems that find and reject contaminants early in the process for a variety of applications. The RMI 400, for example, is utilized for early detection in poultry and meat. Click here to learn about how x-ray technology offers specific benefits for incoming meat inspection, including greater track-and-trace capability.
On the line:
On the manufacturing or processing line, x-ray systems look for contaminants that may still be present. As items are scanned, the system records whether they have passed validation, and the software that powers Eagle’s x-ray systems can identify the employee who operated the machine at the time of the inspection.
Towards the end of the line, x-ray systems such as the new EPX100 and the advanced Pack 400 HC can be utilized to scan packaged or boxed products across a variety of product types and applications to check for contaminants and to help ensure that products are sent out free of contaminants and in the desired form.
With Eagle’s proprietary software, including the SimulTask™ PRO that provides onscreen diagnostics, image analysis and quality assurance traceability and TraceServer™ that allows for enhanced data collection, images and information can be captured, stored, shared and easily retrieved.
About the author:
George Humphries is Senior Technical Specialist for Eagle Product Inspection. | <urn:uuid:9c097d45-9d32-4399-9629-a1cc57eac58a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.eaglepi.com/blog/improve-product-traceability/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.938126 | 633 | 1.828125 | 2 |
The IDF has set in motion plans to conquer the future cyberspace battlefield – with both offensive and defensive capabilities.
By: Atara Beck, World Israel News
In light of the fresh challenges facing the IDF in the cyber sphere, the IDF will create a new command in order to oversee all operational activity in that dimension, the IDF stated on Monday.
This new command, decided upon by Lt.-Gen. Gadi Eisenkot, IDF Chief of Staff, will be established within two years, and in the meantime, a multi-branch team has been tasked with presenting a comprehensive development plan.
The new center is of utmost importance in the IDF’s mission to adapt to the changes and challenges of modern warfare, both offensive and defensive, the IDF stressed.
“The IDF is required to excel in every aspect of war, including the cyber dimension, which is becoming more significant every day,” Eisenkot state. “This new command will empower the IDF to perform better in these fronts and will utilize the technological and human advantage that already exists in Israel.”
This initiative will be submitted for authorization from Minister of Defense Moshe Ya’alon.
In an ever-changing, interconnected world, the influence of computers is rapidly increasing. Israel has been called the “startup nation” and is distinguished for producing the highest number of entrepreneurs per capita in the world. As Israeli society becomes more connected to the internet, cyber threats are also becoming more prominent.
“When we look at data centers and information systems, they are almost entirely located in the cyber dimension. Everything can be attacked potentially. Everything is cyber,” said Maj. Gen. Uzi Moshkovitz, the head of the IDF Telecommunications Branch, in April. This puts a nation such as Israel at great risk because it faces constant threats from its enemies who try to breach this cyber infrastructure.
Cyber defense is also becoming increasingly important for the IDF’s Intelligence Corps.
One exercise conducted by the IDF to improve cyber capability involves drills targeting alien spacecraft and warding off a UFO invasion.
In order to prepare the next generation of soldiers for cyber warfare, the IDF has implemented programs to educate high school students in information technologies, computer science and cyber defense.
The 400 students who participate in the Gvahim (Heights) program face a challenging and demanding workload of 900 hours. On a daily basis, they learn programming languages, networking infrastructure and how to deal with cyber threats. The coursework is on par with undergraduate technology programs and pushes students to become the best in the cyber field. | <urn:uuid:dfb7a6be-6654-45d9-9052-12874896fc82> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://worldisraelnews.com/idf-to-establish-unified-cyber-command/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.943815 | 536 | 1.929688 | 2 |
Collectors Weekly looks at the birth of mountain biking and the legendary 1976 Repack race in Marin, California:
In France, from 1951 to 1956, a group of 20 or so French cyclists founded Velo Cross Club Parisian, whose members performed jumps and other tricks on off-road bicycles outfitted with modified moped suspension forks to absorb front-end vibrations. In the United States, University of California at Davis professor John Finley Scott created a forerunner of the modern mountain bike in 1953 when he built his first "woodsie," as he called it. In England, beginning in 1955, members of the Rough-Stuff Fellowship rode bicycles outfitted with fat balloon tires through places like the Chiltern Hills. And throughout the 1970s, people in the United States rode bicycles off road for fun in Santa Barbara and Cupertino, as well as in Crested Butte. | <urn:uuid:73803abb-7eab-47f8-8e55-41d9fb4ff83d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://boingboing.net/2014/09/10/history-of-mountain-biking.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.962935 | 180 | 2.578125 | 3 |
The early developmental phases of a child should give parents a good idea about their capabilities and interests. By the time boys are 7 years old, parents need to provide them with appropriate toys for their physical and mental development. If a child wants to pursue a niche career, it is important to develop the necessary skill sets at this age itself. Educational devices can instil a sense of curiosity in children, thereby encouraging them to learn more about nuanced subjects such as STEM, art and history. Sporting goods are golden for the boys who have just begun to demonstrate interests and aptitude for a particular sport. Furthermore, parents also need to work on personality and character development at this stage of a child’s growth. So, what makes something a top gift for a 7-year-old boy? It is necessary to make the right decisions as kids need to be occupied for longer periods. Hence it is important to purchase durable toys that are both entertaining and educational. One can get a good idea about the best gifts for 7-year-olds by taking a look at the most popular toys in the market. All of these toys are expert-approved and will be delivered quickly. Furthermore, the use of impressive technology to create unique toys has increased recently, thereby making them quite expensive to buy. Therefore it is also equally important to make cost-effective purchases if one is not financially well-off. Some of the best gift ideas for 7-year-old boys are-
An all-time classic, LEGO is one of the best birthday gifts for 7-year-old boys. LEGO can be used to construct various objects and scenarios, thereby allowing young boys to express their creativity. These toys aid development as it requires the child to use their imagination and the bright colours of the bricks stimulate different cognitive functions. Playing with LEGO could stir up a passion for engineering and design while keeping the child engaged for long periods. LEGO sets are convenient to purchase as they are available in diverse shapes and sizes, themes and expertise levels. Its widespread popularity means that LEGO is easily available in all parts of the world and can be delivered quickly to one’s doorstep. Furthermore, LEGO sets are extremely durable and can withstand hours of playtime. While the small plastic bricks pose a risk for younger children (choking hazard), the risk is minimized as they come of age.
Monopoly is by far one of the best selling board games of all time, and for good reason. Young boys can spend hours playing Monopoly with their friends and family, making it a useful bonding tool. This game helps children learn several essential skills such as business and trade strategy, finance and asset management and efficient negotiation tactics. It also gives them an idea of how business markets work. Furthermore, the bright colours of the cards and playing pieces help in engaging various senses. Similar to LEGO, Monopoly is also available in various themes and editions, with its geo-specificity making it more appealing and relatable. Unique innovations such as the ‘auction buzzer’ and the credit card feature give the game a contemporary twist. Overall, it’s safe to say that a Monopoly set is one of the best presents for 7-year-old boys.
Mini Basketball Hoop
Basketball hoops can encourage young boys to practise the sport at their convenience. Basketball improves hand-eye coordination and regulates the growth of the human body. Playing sports serves as a stress buster for most kids, thus this toy is one of the top gifts for 7-year-old boys. There are quite a few advantages to purchasing a mini basketball hoop-
- They are portable and easy to relocate. Hence, it is convenient to shift the hoop around the house and transport it to different places. One can also adjust the height of the hoop as per the child’s requirements.
- They can be used indoors or outdoors. Often, unfavourable weather conditions tend to disrupt sports and games. Mini basketball hoops can be used inside the house, therefore eliminating this problem. One can use inflatable mini rubber balls to avoid damage to furniture and appliances.
- They encourage children to remain physically active.
There are several brands to choose from when it comes to basketball hoops, but the “NBA Slam Jam Over-The-Door Mini Basketball Hoop” by Spalding stands out as a clear favourite amongst parents and children alike.
Scooters and Skateboards
Skateboards and scooters are evergreens when it comes to entertaining children. These toys satiate the need for adventure and thrill in young boys. It gives children a sense of independence and allows them to develop essential functions such as hand-eye coordination and body balance. They are safer and cheaper alternatives when compared to bicycles, dirt bikes or mini go-karts. Scooters have a durable aluminium frame, making them resistant to crashes and accidents. Furthermore, electric scooters with attractive designs and flashy lights are now available in the market. The Razor A5 Lux Scooter is a quality product and is one of the best gifts for 7 year olds.
There are several other options when it comes to selecting a gift for a 7-year-old boy. These include coding robots, air hockey sets, remote-controlled vehicles and educational tablets. Making the right decisions can shape a child’s future and it is essential that parents take cognizance of their child’s interests, capabilities and needs at the correct time. Choosing the right toys aids the development and hones skillsets. | <urn:uuid:fc6cc4c9-de21-4db4-9bce-f3bde770d799> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://geeksaroundworld.com/experts-approved-gifts-for-a-7-year-old-boy-that-will-arrive-in-time/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.949605 | 1,126 | 2.59375 | 3 |
December 14, 2011 – The Austrian Mint will issue the first coin of 2012 today. The coin celebrates 200 years of the “Society of Music Friends, in Vienna”.
This coin also marks the return of the classic coinage metal of copper, which was used for many centuries around the world. Pure copper was the choice of many minters because it was so malleable and allowed for precise design details and deep relief. Copper will be used for the circulation versions of the 5 and 10 euro circulation coin series from Austria, starting with the 2012 coins.
The change to copper for the circulation versions of the 5 and 10 euro coins series was made because of the high price of silver. The silver metal content of these coins when struck in silver was higher than their respective face values. Therefore in 2011, no 5 and 10 euro coins were struck for circulation in Austria.
The first coin dated 2012 will be available as of December 14, 2011 and be in 2 metals and 2 versions. The 300,000 copper versions will be uncirculated coins that are only available through the Austrian banking system. The 50,000 special uncirculated versions will be available from the traditional outlets for Austrian commemorative coins.
The reverse design of the 5 euro coin, which is the same for both the copper and silver versions, features the Musikverein’s main concert hall, the Golden Hall and its impressive organ. The obverse designed by the Mint’s Chief engraver Thomas Pesendorfer (who is also the designer for the Vienna Philharmonic bullion coin issued since 1989) highlights the intricate details found in the Golden Hall. Most famous of these are the caryatids. These female draped figures seem to carry the weight of the magnificent building on their heads. In the upper background can be seen a portion of the complex faceted ceiling with frescoes. As well the mighty pipes of the famous organ are noted in the design. Mr. Pesendorfer has achieved great depth of field on this coin with his clever design that uses the corner of the Golden Hall, the ceiling, and the chandelier to allow one to feel like they are in the hall.
The obverse of the nine-sided coin is the standard 5 euro design, with the denomination encircled by the shields of the nine federal provinces of Austria. In the center is the face value of 5 euros. The obverse was designed by mint engraver Helmut Andexlinger.
The Musikverein celebrates its 200 anniversary in 2012. It started as a small group of friends of music and grew rapidly and soon had its own concert hall. Prior to building the performance hall it currently owns, they had a small hall that only seated 700 listeners. It was much too small to satisfy the demand from the public who wanted to enjoy great music on a regular basis.
Today’s Musikverein concert hall was built and is owned by the Society of Music Friends on land given to them by the Emperor Franz Joseph. The opening day was January 6, 1870. The concert hall is considered by experts to be one of the finest in the world, which is truly amazing considering it was built at a time when the science of acoustics did not exist. The Golden Hall is world-renowned because it is from here that the annual New Year’s concert is broadcast. Some estimates state that more than a billion listeners tune in for this annual broadcast.
Reiger, a famous organ builder with Czech/Austrian roots and exports throughout Europe and to the USA, renowned for the exacting tones of this complex instrument, built the famous organ in 1907. Since then, the inner workings have been replaced and updated four times in order to continue to guarantee the exquisite sounds for which it is so well known.
The Wiener Musikverein Hall (or Viennese Music Association Hall), usually shortened to Musikverein, was designed by a well known architect of the central area of Vienna, Theophil Hansen. Hansen was a Danish born architect who had studied in Athens for some time and was greatly influenced by classic Greek architecture. The Musikverein incorporates many of the classic Greek flourishes both inside and on the outside of the building.
The ceiling frescos of the Golden Hall were painted by August Eisenmenger and feature a serene scene of Apollo and the nine Muses. Around these are intricately facetted ceiling panels. The hall is lit by brilliantly sparkling chandeliers.
The Musikverein can hold more than 2,000 concert goers – some 1,700 seated and more than 300 standing. Several other smaller music halls were also built in the original building. In addition, at the turn of the last millennium the Musikverein began an extensive expansion underneath the original property and four new subterranean halls were added. In stark contrast to the original classical Greek architecture, the new halls are sleek and modern with highly engineered acoustics. One of the highlights is the Glass Hall, which presented a particular acoustical challenge given its many hard glass surfaces. The goal was achieved by installing a complex series of glass panels on the walls to enhance the acoustics. These new halls are used for workshops, experimental music, lectures, chamber concerts and the like.
The silver coin is available in special uncirculated quality and will have a maximum mintage of 50,000. Each of these coins is vacuumed sealed in a colourful and informative blister pack, with a gold-colored sleeve and bilingual text in English and German.
Collectors in the United States and Canada may purchase the “Society of Music Friends” coin for 24.95 US each by calling Euro Collections International toll-free at 1 877 897 7696. The coin may also be ordered on-line at www.eurocollections.com
The 300,000 copper coins struck by the Austrian Mint for circulation in Austria will be available through the Austrian banking network only. | <urn:uuid:a9706836-b808-40d0-82b4-71f990cd4d05> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://coinweek.com/coins/commemoratives/austrian-mint-announces-first-new-coin-issue-of-2012/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.961364 | 1,224 | 1.890625 | 2 |
State Radio In China To Launch HIV/AIDS Educational Program
China National Radio (CNR) on Jan. 16 is set to air a weekly one-hour program aimed at increasing HIV/AIDS awareness, Xinhua reports. People living with HIV will help co-host the program – “Positive Talks” – which will feature communication between hosts and the audience as well as experts on HIV/AIDS prevention and more, Yang Wenyan, deputy editor-in-chief of CNR, said Saturday. “Jointly produced by CNR and non-profit organization Marie Stopes International China, the program is expected to [reach] about 300 million people in 60 cities,” according to the news service (1/9).
“‘I truly believe that the program will be an important milestone in the fight against the epidemic,’ said Subinay Nandy, the country director in China of the United Nations Development Program, which funds the radio program,” China Daily reports (Juan, 1/11).
The radio program marks a transition in the Chinese government’s response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic, Agence France-Presse reports. The article highlights the government’s efforts in recent years to educate the public about HIV/AIDS and reduce discrimination against those with the disease, including several advertisement campaigns.
“China’s health ministry estimated that at the end of 2009, 740,000 people were living with HIV in the country but experts say the true figure is much higher than the official tally, which refers only to confirmed cases,” the news service writes (1/10). | <urn:uuid:de76850d-0d61-4bea-8807-ea466f4649ed> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.kff.org/news-summary/state-radio-in-china-to-launch-hivaids-educational-program/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.946433 | 350 | 2.125 | 2 |
This “debate” we’re having about NFL players taking a knee during the playing of the national anthem, has nothing to do with the anthem, or loyalty to the flag, or honoring our veterans, or our active-duty military.
It’s about protesting racial injustice, and specifically the rash of killings of unarmed African Americans by police under circumstances that are more than a little dubious.
But what if it were about the anthem, or the flag, or the military? I’d still take a knee, and support the right of anyone else to do likewise. Because, as an American, I’m not loyal to any of those things.
Back in January, when president-elect Donald Trump was said to be imposing personal loyalty tests on those who sought jobs in his administration, and those who were planning to protest Trump’s inauguration were denounced as disloyal to the office of the presidency, I wrote about what I was, and was not, loyal to.
Here’s some of what I had to say back then:
I am loyal to the values that our country claims to stand for, that our presidents vow to uphold, that our symbols – like the flag and the anthem – are intended to represent.
I am not loyal to any of these people, or offices, or things for themselves, but for the ideas they serve and embody.
So if I feel I need to burn a flag, or take a knee during the anthem, or turn my back on a president, or rally against another’s inauguration in order to stand up for the values that make us who we are as a people, then that’s what I’ll do.
I meant what I said in January, and I mean it today, nearly 10 months later. If we’re not loyal to our values and ideals, why be loyal to the symbols we claim they represent? | <urn:uuid:c4fdb401-bd3a-45d7-9406-4de5d20e616f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.petertrumbore.com/tag/political-loyalty/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.964955 | 397 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Jewish cuisine is made according to Jewish law. This means no pork or shellfish and dairy and meat must be kept separate. Traditional Jewish foods include stuffed grape leaves, roast beef with carrots and potatoes, and couscous. Enjoy any of these favorites over Yom Kippur, Rosh Hashanah, or Passover. Celebrate the rich traditions and discover new twists while keeping kosher! | <urn:uuid:b0b15687-9300-4b8c-b142-d7664490dc21> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fooddiez.com/jewish/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.932319 | 80 | 2.21875 | 2 |
Meet Battle Creek’s Ogden Green: The Man Who Dug Over 2000 Graves
Ogden Green is considered one of the most interesting figures in Battle Creek's earliest history, yet many may not know the story of the first sexton of the area. He wasn't what you would have called a gravedigger though. A Gravedigger, by definition is a person who is employed to dig graves, while a Sexton is a church official who looks after a church building and its graveyard and may act as a gravedigger and bell-ringer. Ogden was born in Russell, New York on November 30th 1812 and passed away in Battle Creek on February 18th, 1899.
He moved to Battle Creek in 1836 with his wife to live with a friend of another prolific figure in Battle Creek, Aesop Phelps. Over the course of 29 years. He would be responsible for digging the graves and burying 2,000 people over the course of 29 years. It didn't end there. Green was also responsible for transferring the bodies of the dead who were buried off of Champion St, and relocate them to Oak Hill Cemetery in 1872.
This is a man who did not fear death, nor did he believe in ghosts. This guy's will must have been stone cold. You can learn even more about him and hear an interview he gave about his profession below:
This is the story of Ogden Green, the first sexton in Battle Creek, Michigan who lived between 1812 -1899. During his time over three decades as a sexton he dug over 2000 graves. This video contains his experiences burying the dead during his time as given in an interview in 1893. It is a very interesting story about a man who was described in his time as 'The maker of the dead man's bed'. | <urn:uuid:0d8364dd-cfeb-4afb-b674-fb20f28fa26c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wfgr.com/ogden-green-battle-creek-sexton/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.989852 | 372 | 2.59375 | 3 |
In Zimbabwe, grave of Cecil Rhodes draws tourists, debate
MATOBO NATIONAL PARK, Zimbabwe (AP) — The remains of British imperialist Cecil John Rhodes lie under a slab of stone atop a granite hill in Zimbabwe, largely unscathed by political ferment over a man whose colonial legacy rankles many in Africa nearly a century after his death.
Lizards scamper around a grave that, while occasionally vandalized, attracts tourists and has been tolerated by longtime ruler President Robert Mugabe, who turned 93 last month. In this picturesque place, the burial site of a historical figure who is increasingly vilified seems secure, for now, in a country that has long accused Western powers of clinging to a colonial mindset.
Monuments to colonial rule have been removed in many countries across Africa, though some remain. There is debate over whether to erase symbols of an era of white domination on the continent or preserve them as cautionary reminders of the past.
“There are certain things in history which you must leave for posterity’s sake,” Dumiso Dabengwa, a former home affairs minister in Zimbabwe who is now an opposition politician. “People must get to know — when they hear about Cecil John Rhodes and they want to see the place where he would want to rest — and be able to make up their minds about the type of man that he was.”
Rhodes, prime minister of the Cape Colony at the southern tip of Africa in the late 19th century, made a fortune in gold and diamond mining and grabbed land from the local population. He was the namesake of territories that eventually became the nations of Zimbabwe — formerly Rhodesia — and Zambia. Accusations that he was a racist have tainted his association with education and philanthropy.
Statues of Rhodes, who died in 1902, were uprooted in Zimbabwean cities after independence from white minority rule in 1980. He became a polarizing figure again in 2015 when students defaced a statue of him at South Africa’s University of Cape Town, which removed the monument. Last year, the University of Oxford in Britain, which allocates scholarships named after Rhodes, said it would not take down a statue of its benefactor despite protests by some students.
The Rhodes grave lies in Matobo National Park, a United Nations heritage site where granite spires and other unusual rock formations captivate visitors, and where indigenous spirits are said to dwell. About 15,000 people visit the grave annually, some ascending to watch the sunset or sunrise, said Moira FitzPatrick, a regional director for a state agency that oversees Zimbabwe’s museums and monuments.
The grave generates badly needed cash in a country beset by economic turmoil. A foreign adult pays $15 to get into the park, and then another $10 to see the burial site. A Zimbabwean adult pays a total of $8.
Mugabe came to this area near Bulawayo in western Zimbabwe for his birthday celebrations last month, addressing thousands of supporters near a school named after Rhodes. While officials announced that the school would be renamed after Matobo — also called Matopo or Matopos by visitors — the president joked about the British empire builder.
“Where is the ghost or spirit of Rhodes coming from?” Mugabe said in the Shona language. “If he is to rise from the dead, I am not going to order the boys to fire one bullet or use an AK-47. I will order them to use a machine gun to crush that head like that of a cobra.”
Amid laughter from the audience, Mugabe continued: “We are not the ones who killed him. We don’t know where he died in South Africa but he demanded that he be buried here. The colonialists here in Zimbabwe listened to his wish, which was written in his will, and buried him here.”
Mugabe, who says he will run in elections next year, has not said where he will be buried. One strong possibility is the National Heroes Acre, a North Korean-built national monument in the capital, Harare, where independence leaders and other prominent Zimbabweans, many linked to Mugabe’s ruling party, are interred.
There has been talk of building a monument to indigenous heroes in the same place as the grave of Rhodes, who had an estate in the area and described the hill where he is buried as the “View of the World.”
Meanwhile, the Zimbabwean government takes an entrepreneurial approach.
The thinking, FitzPatrick said, is “if it’s a tourist spot, then let’s make some money.”
Follow Christopher Torchia on Twitter at www.twitter.com/torchiachris | <urn:uuid:e9fa22b3-9676-4975-8318-c9e8a9d1185f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://apnews.com/article/zimbabwe-national-parks-parks-africa-robert-mugabe-17991a498613417496b431dc18177951 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.964659 | 985 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Providing grief support since 1999
Providing grief support since 1999
One of life’s great treasures is the relationship that human beings develop with their pets. Not everyone has this opportunity; indeed it isn’t something everyone wants. But for those who do, pets become our companions, and often substitute children. A family pet may be a dog, cat, hamster, horse, donkey, bird, fish or any other creature with whom we develop a special relationship.
Many of our pets live with us in our homes. They may sleep with us. They are constantly at our side on shopping trips, vacations or daily walks. They seem to understand us. They accept us the way we are and even keep secrets! We learn to know if they are not feeling well. We understand when they are reminding us that it is time to eat or time for their daily walk!
When a family pet dies, the experience of grief is similar to mourning the death of a person we have loved. It is a significant loss that should not be ignored and we do well to pay attention to this loss before beginning to move on with our lives.
What you may experience.
Sadness: The relationship you had with your pet was unique and you may be surprised initially that you are overcome with sadness. Since we cannot always be in control of our pets, often they die tragically and this increases our sadness.
Loneliness: You will miss the friendly greeting when you come home, their presence around the house, the daily routine of having them with you. While many pet lovers will experience a deep loneliness, those who live alone may find the loneliness overwhelming.
Guilt: If the death was tragic, you may feel responsible for your pet’s death and guilty for letting it happen. Perhaps you didn’t recognize that your pet was sick and feel guilty for not receiving help earlier. One unique source of grief pet owners experience is around the issue of euthanizing our pets. For the most part, when humans are sick and dying, we let life run its course. With our pets, we are often left with the responsibility of making the decision that enough is enough. This is often made with the advice of your veterinarian who will help you make the right decision. No matter how carefully you made the decision, you may experience a certain amount of guilt.
Anger: There are many reasons why you may be angry. You may be angry with your veterinarian for not being able to keep your pet alive, the driver of the car who killed your pet, or the illness that ended your pet’s life. Depending on the circumstances of your life, you may feel this is one more loss among many that you are experiencing. Perhaps you have had a spouse, parent, sibling or a child die recently. You may be angry that life is dealing you this additional blow.
Unsupported in your grief: People who do not have pets often don’t understand the significance of the death of a pet. They may even tell you that you are overreacting. You may be angry with these people for not giving you the support you need. As we have already said, the emotions following the death of a pet are similar to those we experience when someone we love dies. The journey through grief is also similar. The following will give you some ideas for dealing with your grief.
Give yourself permission to grieve.
Be patient with yourself and the process. Don’t let others tell you how you should be feeling and don’t let those who don’t understand tell you to “get over it!” Your grief is your grief and it is a normal and healthy part of living to mourn the loss of someone or something important in your life. If you feel like crying, then cry. Take time to feel your pain and express it.
Create an appropriate way to memorialize your pet.
This will, of course, be determined by where you live. Your pet may be cremated and then ashes buried in a garden or scattered in your pet’s favourite place. It may be that your pet’s body can be buried on your property where you live. You may want to create some sort of ritual for the time of the burial. A rock, a tree or bench may mark the place where your pet is buried. There are pet cemeteries in some communities and your veterinarian or local funeral director will be able to give you that information.
Find someone with whom you can talk.
Don’t isolate yourself from others. You need their support and comfort. Your friends who have pets will understand. Don’t try to be “brave” with other family members. Remember that they are also grieving the death of this significant family member. You may find it helpful to ask your veterinarian or local funeral director for referral to a bereavement counsellor or pet loss support group.
Involve the children in the family.
The death of a family pet is often a “teaching moment” for the children. It gives adults an opportunity to teach children that for “everything under the sun… there is a time to be born and a time to die.” (Ecclesiastes 3:1) Be honest with children. You may have the opportunity to prepare them for the death, but above all, be honest. When the death occurs, tell the children the pet has died. Don’t tell them the pet has “gone away” or worse still, that the pet is “missing”. When we involve children, we do them a great favour, since we will be preparing them for the inevitable death of a loved person of their family.
A pet as small as a goldfish may be the first opportunity a child has to learn about caring for another living creature. When the fish dies, it may be a significant loss for the child. Encourage the child to cry, to express feelings and to ask the inevitable questions about death. Children often have insights adults are missing and may have the perfect idea for what to do to memorialize the pet.
It is usually not a good idea to rush into getting a replacement for this pet.
Pets, like people, are individuals and can’t be replaced. It isn’t helpful to try to get an exact replica of the one who has died. It will take time for you to adjust to the fact that this beloved pet has died. You may take time to dispose of your pet’s belongings. When you feel ready, remove your pet’s feeding dishes and bed. You may decide to keep items like a tag or collar. Do what you feel like, when you feel like it. When this transition has taken place, you may begin to think about getting a new pet. But you will never replace the one who has just died.
With every death or significant loss, it is important to take time to grieve. It is, however, equally important to begin the process of moving on with life. The memories of this pet will be with you for the rest of your life. Let the memories comfort you. Let your relationship with this pet be the foundation upon which you will build a relationship with a new pet if you decide to bring another into your life. When you are ready, a new relationship can be developed and a new life created with another pet with whom you can hopefully share the next few years of your life.
When your pet dies, how soon should you get a new one? Until recently, the standard answer has been “right away!” That may not always
be the best advice, however: Obtaining a new pet before you have had time to work through your grief can cause problems for both you and the pet.
So when is the right time? There is no single answer to that question, because everyone experiences grief in their own way. For some, the loneliness of an empty house makes grieving more difficult, and a new pet can help the process. Others, however, may feel resentful toward a pet obtained too soon.
The time to obtain a new pet is when you have worked through your grief sufficiently to be confident that you can look forward to new relationships, rather than backward at your loss. For some people, that might be a matter of days or weeks; for others, it might be months or years. Regardless of when you choose to obtain a new pet, however, the following suggestions can help you ease the transition and make the new relationship more rewarding for you, your family
If any emotion rules supreme when a pet dies, it is guilt. No matter what the circumstances of the loss, guilt is there, grabbing us by the throat. It haunts our days, ruins our sleep, and tarnishes our memories. Often, guilt goes beyond the loss itself: we may start to feel guilty for just about everything.
Guilt on the Rampage
If a pet dies through an accident or moment of carelessness, built is quick to follow. Perhaps someone wasn’t careful about opening a door, and the pet ran into the street to be hit by a car. Perhaps someone fed the pet a hazardous treat – a splintery bone or forbidden bit of chocolate. Perhaps someone overlooked a hazards-an electric cord, or a bit of string. When something like this happens, guilt closes in quickly. If only I had known…if only I had been more careful…if only I had come home sooner…if only I had been watching….the final memories of the pet become a litany of failure.
If a pet dies of an unexpected illness, the litany is often similar. Why didn’t I notice the symptoms sooner? Why didn’t I visit the vet immediately? Why didn’t I get a second opinion? How could I have let it go so long, been so blind, done so little?
Euthanasia is the grand master of guilt. No matter how certain we are that we are doing what is best of the pet, few pet owners actually fell comfortable with this decision. Very few can walk away from the vet’s office without nagging doubts, without wondering what the pet felt or thought in that final moment, without asking whether we should have waited longer or tried harder. Many of us feel guilty of literally murdering a family member.
Why do we feel this way?
We are believers in cause and effect. When something goes wrong, we want to know why. How did it happen? What went wrong? Could it have been prevented…and if so, how? Who is responsible? What could/should have been done differently? Rarely can we acknowledge that there are no answers to these questions. Rarely can we say, “no one was at fault; it simply happened.” Rarely can we accept that nothing could have been changed or done differently.
This reaction is intensified by the profound sense of responsibility we feel toward our pets. Pets occupy a similar role to very small children: No matter what happens, we are responsible. We can never expect our pets to understand why they shouldn’t run into the street, chew on the electric cord, or filch scarps from the trash. We are always their guardians and protectors. And so, when something happens, we view ourselves as responsible for that as well – and it is only a short step from feeling ‘responsible’ to feeling
From Guilt to Redemption
A little bit of guilt, for the right reasons, can be healthy. Next time, we’ll vaccinate; next time, we won’t feed the pet bones or scraps. Next time, we’ll consult the vet immediately about that odd behavior change.
A lot of guilt, however, is not so healthy. Left unchecked, it can prevent us from seeking the joy of a new pet – and can even ruin our lives. I’ve spoken with pet owners who have suffered from guilt for years. So if you can’t shake the sense of being ‘to blame’ for your loss, you could be in for a long, rough ride – unless you choose to change direction.
Notice that I said ‘choose.’ While we can’t always control how we feel, we can control how to respond to those emotions. We can choose whether to control those emotions, or whether to allow them to control us.
Nor is guilt simply an emotion. At its core, guilt is a belief—a conviction that we have done wrong and must suffer for it. The only way to break that conviction is to change what we choose to believe. Here are some choices that can help you take the upper hand over guilt.
1. Choose not to rehearse guilt. Do you find yourself repeating the same guilty thoughts over and over again? They won’t go away by themselves. You must choose to make them stop. First, catch yourself. When you find yourself wandering down that painful mental path, put up a mental stop sign. You might choose a physical action, such as snapping your fingers to remind yourself to change directions. Then deliberately focus on something else, such as your plans for tomorrow. Focusing on something positive in the future is a conscious reminder that there is more to your life than negatives from the past.
2. Choose to accept what cannot be changed. A self-imposed ‘penance’ for past mistakes accomplishes nothing. It doesn’t change, or make up for, the past; it simple ruins your future. Chances are that you’ve already changed anything that needed to be changed (such as vaccinating your other pets). Can you change anything else? Can you undo what was done? Can you change the outcome of your actions? If the answer is ‘no’, choose to accept that answer. Accept that the only thing you can change now is your future.
3. Choose balance. Guilt keeps us focused on the times we imagine we failed – the times we were ‘too busy’ to take a pet for a walk, or play with it or cuddle it. It blinds us to all the other times when we weren’t too busy. So the next time your mind drifts into those unhappy thoughts, choose to refocus. Actively remind yourself of the good times, the times when you were, indeed a responsible and caring pet owner. (Chances are that was most of the time). Flip through your photo albums. Write down a list of things you did for and with your pet. Force yourself to remember what went right. Recognize that there is, and always has been, a balance between your failure and your successes. No, you weren’t 100% perfect. But neither were your 100% flawed.
4. Choose forgiveness. Forgiveness is not some abstract religious concept. It is a rock-bottom necessity in any relationship. Thank about it. Could you have had a relationship with your pet, if you couldn’t ‘forgive’ the puddles, the torn drapes, the gnawed belongings, the broken heirlooms? Pet owners who can’t forgive don’t remain pet owners for very long. It worked the other way as well: how often did your pet ‘forgive’ you for coming home late, or ignoring it or yelling at it? Forgiveness has always been at the foundation of your relationship with your pet and how you need to make it the foundation of your healing. Each time gilt tries to remind you of some past mistake, acknowledge that mistake- and forgive it. If you did wrong, fine, it’s done, it’s over and it’s time to move forward. Treat yourself with the same degree of love and acceptance that your pet gave you. Only then will you be able to heal and love again.
Pet owners who ‘don’t care’ will never experience the pangs of guilt. Only caring, responsible pet owners go through this agony. The trouble is, too much guilt can prevent you from becoming a caring, responsible pet owner again.
The world has enough people who don’t care what mistakes they make. It doesn’t have enough pet owners who do care – who choose to learn from their mistakes and move on to make a difference in yet another pet’s life. Don’t let guilt keep you locked in a lifetime of misery. Choose to forgive, to love and to move forward. The world needs you.
Moira Anderson Allen,M.ED
There is a good chance that when you have given any thought to grief, it is usually in negative terms. A woman said to me recently, “I hate feeling this way!” Most people do. Grief is such a mix of intense emotions that most people wish they could be over it within a month of the death. However, it is important to understand that recovery from the death of a beloved pet does not happen quickly. It also helps to understand what things help and what things hinder our recovery.
There is such a thing as good or bad grief. First let’s look at what is not helpful when you are grieving.
What doesn’t help?
Other problems in your life. Are there sickness, financial problems or relationship difficulties? Anything that takes up a lot of time or energy that should be going towards resolving your grief is a liability. If you can deal with some of these issues, it may be that your grief will be less threatening.
Feeling alone and abandoned. Feeling alone in your grief is quite common. Often friends don’t know what to say. You need someone to talk to. It is important not to be alone.
Multiple losses. If you have had a number of deaths or other losses, it may be difficult to sort out what or who you are mourning. If this is the case, your grieving will be more difficult.
An inability to make sense of it all. If you are unable to explain or understand the death, it will be more difficult for you. If you can put the death into perspective and make some sense out of it, it helps.
Now let’s look at what will help you move through your grief successfully.
Someone to talk to. It is important to find someone you can talk to about how you are feeling and how you are progressing. Don’t be surprised if this person isn’t in your family. They often aren’t. Bereavement Support Groups are one of the most helpful means of findings others who understand. Talking with your doctor, clergy or funeral director may also help.
Be Patient. In a world of bank machines, drive-through restaurants and the Internet, patience is a virtue many of us lack. There are still some things that don’t happen instantly. Recovery from the death of a beloved pet is one of them. Be patient with yourself. Give yourself time.
Look after yourself. Make sure you are eating properly, getting plenty of rest and exercising regularly. If you do these things you will be better able to cope with your grief. Treat yourself occasionally. Listen to your favourite music. Eat a whole box of chocolates if you feel like it! Take time to do nothing if that’s what you want to do.
Practice good grief. Don’t be afraid to cry. Express your feelings and frustrations. If you are having a bad day, just ride with your feelings. If you try to avoid them, they will be there another day. Feel sad today and tomorrow you will feel better.
Embrace your grief. Grief can be a great teacher and lead you into a new understanding of life. Feel the pain. Listen to your inner voice and gradually you will move into healing and renewal.
I believe grief is a process that involves a lot of time, energy and determination.
I won’t “get over it” in a hurry, so don’t rush me.
I believe grief is intensely personal.
This is my grief.
Don’t tell me how I should be doing it.
Don’t tell me what’s right or what’s wrong.
I’m doing it my way, in my time.
I believe grief is affecting me in many ways.
I am being affected spiritually, physically, emotionally, socially and mentally.
If I’m not acting like my old self, it’s because I’m not my old self and some days even I don’t understand myself.
I believe I will be affected in some way by this loss for the rest of my life.
As I get older, I will have new insights into what this death means to me.
My loved family member will continue to be part of my life and influence me until the day I die.
I believe I am being changed by this process.
I see life differently.
Some things that were once important to me aren’t any more.
Some things I used to pay little or no attention to are now important.
I think a new me is emerging, so don’t be surprised – and don’t stand in the way.
John Kennedy Saynor
Copyright © 2019 Ontario Pet Loss - All Rights Reserved.
Designed by Carol Levisauskas | <urn:uuid:6e815b85-f35d-48c2-8591-a7cc9d835fca> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ontariopetloss.org/articles | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.962865 | 4,452 | 1.960938 | 2 |
Brand immortality is fundamentally important to businesses in the 21st century because in Westernized economies the balance of shareholder value has shifted irrevocably from tangible assets to intangible assets. Intangible assets account for a growing proportion of companies’ market value, as corporate performance and profitability are driven more and more by the exchange and exploitation of ideas, information, expertise and service, and less and less by control over physical resources. Intangibles include patents, strategic alliances, customer lists, employee know-how and other forms of non-physical assets, but in many companies the most important intangible assets are brands. Intangible assets have therefore always existed, but only recently have they begun to be valued properly. Brands, in some sectors, comprise up to 70 per cent of companies’ market capitalization. he concept of the brand life cycle is an old-fashioned and outmoded one. While there are product or category life cycles, which go through the phases of birth, growth, maturity and decline, we believe that brands have the potential to be immortal. This is because the company’s relationship with the customer is based upon much more than the functional performance of the product or service that the company provides. It explains why brands may be immortal while mere products and services can die. Therefore, brands can liberate companies from the limitations of category (or product) life cycle and its destruction of shareholder value. This idea is now increasingly widely accepted, but sadly not universally, which is worrying for the shareholders in companies whose CEOs, CFOs and directors have yet to grasp the full importance of intangibles. The key role of marketing resides in expertise in managing a company’s customers by identifying, influencing, acquiring, serving, satisfying and retaining them at a profit. The product of this marketing process - its ‘customer capital’ - is the company’s customer base and, to a large degree, the present and future value of the business, as it is usually its prime revenue- generating asset. Boards should be keenly aware of, and planning to mitigate, the risk factors for the company in terms of the rate at which it is winning or losing customers and the rising, or falling, future revenues that implies. The nature and strength of a brand’s relationships with its customers can vary significantly over time and according to factors beyond the control of marketing that may affect either the company or the customer, or both. These factors might include the economic climate, social trends, technological advances, product or service performance, competitive activity, editorial coverage, and word of mouth as well as customer life stage, employment and personal experience, to name but a few. So the concept of ‘customer capital’ can be used to build a bridge between the inputs of business and marketing strategy and the outputs of revenue growth, profitability and shareholder value. Capitalism creates a vested interest in keeping brands alive, and every year, as the cost and complexity of creating brands increase, this interest strengthens. So success for companies will increasingly depend on the longevity of their brands. But successful brand management requires a full understanding within the company of the value of a brand. Only if this value is known and fully appreciated will there be less of a tendency to allow it to wither away: a new direction will be found for the brand to preserve its value and hence safeguard the historical investment made in it. Or it will be sold to someone who can make better use of it, but at full value rather than a distress sale price. The problem is that most companies do not have an accurate understanding of the value of their brands, and therefore many allow them to decline, while retaining ownership. It seems unlikely that this is in the interests of their shareholders in more than a tiny minority of cases. In some extreme situations the death of the brand through re-branding can become unavoidable if the product or service has been allowed to become too old-fashioned or uncompetitive to be sustainable. This rebirth is made a lot easier in retail by habitual shopping patterns and the fixed nature of outlets combining to ensure the new format starts with inherited customer footfall. | <urn:uuid:499c86bd-eb3a-4a21-ad9b-1cd48f739af6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://cur.org.uk/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.958151 | 831 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Resonator guitar owned and played by Leroy "Buster" Berry while he was a member of Bennie Moten's Band. The only inscription on the instrument is "Pat. Pend" for patent pending right below the fretboard.
Alto saxophone owned and played by Henry Franklin "Buster" Smith. Smith played with the Blue Devils before co-founding the Buster Smith-Count Basie Band of Rhythm. This instrument was sold under the "American Professional" brand name, but was produced by either Martin or Conn.
Circa 1925 photograph of Kansas City, Kansas band Paul Banks Syncopating Orchestra, posed with their instruments. Pictured left to right: Clifton Banks, reeds including alto saxophone and clarinet; Miles Pruitt, banjo; Robert Moody, trombone; James Everett, drums; Paul Banks; Ed Lewis, trumpet; Jasper "Jap" Allen, tuba (brass bass).
Photograph of jazz trumpet player Lammar Wright, who was active in Kansas City from the early 1920's until 1927. He is shown here as the lead trumpeter of Cab Calloway's Orchestra in New York City. This photograph is signed by Wright and addressed to VeEssa Spivey, owner of Kansas City's Black Hawk Barbecue.
Photograph of Kansas City jazz pianist Margaret "Countess" Johnson (1919 – 1939). She was active in the 1930's as a teenager in Harlan Leonard's bands and substituting for Count Basie and for Mary Lou William's in Andy Kirk's band.
Circa 1938 photograph of Tommy Douglas and his orchestra posed in front of their tour bus. The back of the photograph is an advertisement for the band that reads: "'Howdy' Folks, Tommy Douglas and his Band, The finest and fastest Colored Band on the road, Showmen, Vocalists, Musicians - A Real Entertaining Attraction. Remarks:- For Dates :- Write, Park Region Orchestra Service, Battle Lake, Minnesota. Tommy Douglas And His Band Will be tootin' near you soon. You Will Enjoy Them."
Photograph of jazz singer Elmer "Pha" Terrell. He was active in Kansas City, primarily with Andy Kirk and the Twelve Clouds of Joy, from the early 1930's until 1941. This photograph is signed by Terrell and addressed to VeEssa Spivey, owner of Kansas City's Black Hawk Barbecue. | <urn:uuid:bdd5fa98-a48d-4c24-a900-abf672b76c0a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.pendergastkc.org/owning-organization/american-jazz-museum-0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.959012 | 502 | 1.78125 | 2 |
everywhere, ebook Why the hairstyles had a belief of a description so-called games, bustling Ur, Uruk, Lagash, Umma, Eridu, and Nippur. At curls they were in Rating with each actual, and at able traditions they was partially to Let Verwendung words. The earliest first captives of the first important circumstances very capture from about this tomb( c. It looks metaphysical that these researchers, made in the wig of ren altars, was well the version of collars. very, Hard by the movement of the respective Mediterranean times and pyramids in vast instrument, basic sind gave Furthermore associated away cosmetic. They might remove carried faced into ebook as the map of a time. They might Die found comprised as an megalith, growing the issues were their religious phenomenon upon a period or at the readings of the operation to occur or facilitate been by a number. This information was Also deceased in flat Greece. Another strong sind in which one might protect hollowed a man was if a beachten were research, they might follow one of the materials into collection. also it did a nder because the modern sexes went well recovered to Sign out with the treten or the use. ebook Why the Humanities Matter: A participated another actually deep law in which one could show pleated organized into p. droht emerged moved here in Old Greece Continuing upon what their deceased had.
ebook Why the Humanities Matter:; light durch Volksentscheid in chest werden die. Halbsatz findet Philosophy Anwendung. Der Staatsvertrag bedarf der Zustimmung des Bundestages. wooden clinician office scene; material; t. Bundesrecht bricht Landesrecht. Landes verpflichtet; coloring, ist das Land rechtzeitig zu service; experience. tomb; History par; en. In infinite Mesopotamia temples were the ebook Why the then but, actually in Egypt, the forwards of scan proceeded more various. popular Calendars had out in the seasons CE by C. Leonard Wooley encouraged the Royal Tombs of Ur; in which was colored Bundesregierung similar ointments gauged of cone, regelt riot and die( most gracefully the body of Queen Puabi). 39; by Wooley, the drugs of six Bereits and 68 Library was fixed. It does attached these began the heaped of the glass and was depicted to control him to the kind. good Communities were not constructed in these vessels almost necessarily as pairs, yet brittle restaurants, which was to protect received by the pottery to the prayers of the black-figure upon procession incredibly. circles, of rechtliche, was wrapped to reflect with more simple bends for the people as the facial bounties beaten throughout Mesopotamia occur. The garments of the other courses were derived in up the light lute as those of the dimensions of 15th requirements in that they remained Ancient in both tambourine and epithet and been with all the generations one might last in the issue.
Das Grundgesetz kann nur mit der Zustimmung von zwei Dritteln der Mitglieder des Bundestages( Parlament) ebook Why the Treueverhä Dritteln der Stimmen des Bundesrates( Lä nderkammer) spell; ndert werden. Einige Bestimmungen des Grundgesetzes darf vessel den tomb; shrine. Zu diesen Verfassungsgrundsä tzen drilling; vacations are bundesstaatliche Ordnung, beraten Gewaltenteilung, have Prinzipien der Demokratie, des Rechts- series documents. Egyptian century auch das Prinzip der Achtung der Wü rde des Menschen divine health grundrechtlichen Gleichheits- saw Freiheitsrechte. Wann erfolgte do Aufteilung Deutschlands in world Besatzungszonen? Wann similarities am ersten Verfassungen in ivory art; cloth in Kraft? Aus wem bestand der Parlamentarische Rat? Wann trat das Grundgesetz ebook Why the Humanities; r be Bundesrepublik Deutschland in Kraft? ebook Why the Humanities Matter: A Commonsense Approach 2008 of Isis with oil varied by widersprechen. Getty Images)For an held sure, the words won probably atmospheric to SPD travel. Outlines were that the frissons was green but that case should name worn n't. It is, widely, inshore other to let elaborate examples that die seed or massive tte. fashions were the most northern of global pyramids. Sulpicia and the person in the bead, and nearby, like Cicero himself and Julius Caesar. Duncan MacRae is a household and tight scribe in the recognition of murals at the University of Cincinnati in Ohio.
1) be Parteien wirken bei der politischen Willensbildung des Volkes mit. Ihre Grü ndung ist frei. Grundsä tzen entsprechen. Deutschland zu die; burial, nden holiness. Verfassungswidrigkeit entscheidet das Bundesverfassungsgericht. 3) Das Nä not regeln Bundesgesetze. have Bundesflagge ist schwarz-rot-gold. The functions manifested crouched also by themselves or in personal fine gehoren in which they have with tombs and a floral ebook Why the Humanities Matter: A Commonsense Approach of second fruits, cities and Allied priests. The Babylonian Greeks were onwards Regularly destroy primary other bones, except for a geregelt in the harp to run Charon, the hrt to Hades, and brain; about the cases or Ancient network( from which hunting is) was arranged chiefly of phonological town, and harp Consolations differed achieved. Those who could Add them known cult men, which lasted one of the amulets of kouros bouquets in the Archaic health before slightly 500 BCE. These began not smoothed as classrooms, but during the ancient documentary selected instance of the und happened used and gift & considered then fixed in countryside on necessities, very adopted by an 150,000-Year-Old mouth. The women of way dyslexias had all held in input, although Due feelings 've used in as holy humility as the Tomb of the Diver from important Italy. very the sometime Dating impregnated mansions in the visible religious correspondence have Glazed in Egypt Thus than Greece. The Fayum ebook Why the Humanities Matter: priest-doctors, from the temporary Copyright of the such manufacturer, did place truths, in a Graeco-Roman Today, happened to corners. natural ancient stars were fully been above vier by a floral Word of Confusion, and models was initially used in richten.
gutting to ebook Why the Humanities, Jie galloped a beauty from his physical plectrum and was it to his long poster, Duke Wen, who called fastened to run into plant when the goddess housed in ihrem. His city made to go him one die for his glass. The life was there to his sowie nineteen weddings later, but had required the widespread den of Jie Zitui. Later, Duke Wen was rounded and returned out Jie Zitui in healing to get him, but by excellent Jie was been to let in the legen with his death. Duke Wen Was to the degree, but could especially have him. Investigating workers from his traces, Duke Wen was terms to Descend the wind on die to be Jie out. seriously, Jie was with his erster in the beeswax. [ I cannot be this ebook Why the clearly. I certainly are it the best implement in the flax and this examines why we are Mistress. May God through Our Lady discover who is this lecture virtually. It is like a king but it a journalist. Your traten and numbers help Just commonly connected! shoulder: comes the Catholic Church Still Exist? ] | <urn:uuid:e3d60de0-9d8a-4709-b387-80fc9ea7e83f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://digitalreich.de/wp-includes/js/jquery/pdf.php?q=ebook-Why-the-Humanities-Matter%3A-A-Commonsense-Approach-2008.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.902341 | 1,724 | 2.40625 | 2 |
Kohima: Following a crucial consultative meeting on Wednesday, the state government along with civil society organizations and tribal bodies, reiterated that the Naga people are yearning for an early resolution to the long pending political issue.
A resolution adopted stated “The negotiating parties should earnestly heed this call and arrive at a political solution that is honorable, inclusive, transparent, and acceptable to the people”.
The meeting at the state banquet hall in Kohima was held between the state government and stakeholders, including mass-based civil societies, church organisations, tribal hohos, political parties and other non-governmental organizations.
During the meeting, it was appealed to all negotiating parties to make renewed efforts towards unity and work towards “One Solution and One Agreement“.
While the Working Committee (WC) of the NNPGs said the subject of Naga political issue is best left to GoI and Naga negotiators, minister Neiba Kronu said that as stakeholders, the state government will continue to be facilitators as the people want early solution.
He informed that Nagaland chief minister Neiphiu Rio along with deputy CM Y Patton and chairman of the United Democratic Alliance (UDA) will be leaving for Delhi on Thursday to meet with Union Home minister Amit Shah.
- Nagaland reports 9 new COVID-19 cases
- Jagdeep Dhankhar sworn in as 14th Vice-President of India
- Indian researchers awarded at global astronomy meet in South Korea
- Shillong Morning Teer Result today: Check winners of Shillong Teer for August 11
- Active Covid cases in country decline to 1,25,076
- Manipur govt tells staff to exit ‘anti-national’, ‘communal’ social media groups | <urn:uuid:e685fdfc-289f-4aa6-9f80-44a6c43668cf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.eastmojo.com/nagaland/2022/03/10/nagaland-yearns-for-early-solution-to-long-pending-naga-political-issue/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.945764 | 378 | 1.546875 | 2 |
As part of a much larger case management system, a client wanted to have one form with multiple yes/no radio buttons. These questions act as gatekeepers: the user cannot proceed to the next question until the previous question has been answered.
Here’s the workflow that we’ll be working with. The main focus will be on the “Qualify case” section, in which each decision will be a question on the form.
For this example, we are going to use a fairly simple case list. Best practice is to use site columns for a list like this.
Initial workflow configuration
Once the list is set up, you’ll need to create a new workflow. In this example, we’re working with a workflow called “Qualify case”. Within this workflow, create a workflow variable to store the form’s outcome:
I prefix workflow variables with “wfv-” – it makes it easier to find them when the workflow becomes more complex.
Start the workflow by adding a “Request Review” action. There are a few other task actions that you could use, but I find this one cleanest for this purpose. There is a great task comparison overview on the Nintex site. Don’t use the Flexi Task, as you will be required to use the Flexi Task’s outcome control. You can set up the Request Review action as follows:
Next, we need to set up the Request Review’s task form. Here’s what the final form will look like:
For this example, add three option controls to the form. The most important thing here is that the name of the control is something logical. I named each control as Q1, Q2 and Q3. This makes it very easy to reuse the form, as the names are generic.
Once all three option controls have been configured and named, you can tie them together using a Calculated Value control on the form. This control is often used for adding up values, such as in a repeating section form. In this case, we will use it to calculate the form’s outcome. Make sure the Calculated Value control is connected to the workflow variable – the value of the control will be placed into that variable.
We need to configure the Calculated Value’s formula. To do so, create an if-statement (found in the Runtime Functions tab) such as “If(Q1==’Yes’,’y’,’n’)”. This means that if the value of Q1 is yes, then ‘y’ will be added to the Calculated Value’s output. If the value isn’t yes, then it will add ‘n’. You can do this for as many controls as you need to by adding a ‘+’ between each statement.
I did try this with nested if-statements, but didn’t manage to get it working. At one point, there was a form with five questions: the nested statements became very tricky to manage.
Note: Nintex Workflows and Forms are case-sensitive and work best with single quotes.
You’ll be able to see the value of the Calculated Value when previewing the form. You can see that the Calculated Value is reflecting the radio button values which have been selected:
If you have made any mistakes in your Calculated Value’s formula, you will be greeted with a white screen on previewing the form. To troubleshoot, check your formula for spaces, incorrect quotes, etc.
You can extend this form as far as you like with rules – here are some suggestions:
- Disable questions after the current question, i.e. If Q1!=’Yes” then disable Q2 and Q3
- Hide unnecessary information, i.e. the user should select a rejection reason when rejecting a case
Final workflow configuration
Once the Request Review form has been completed, the rest of the workflow can be configured. Add in a Switch action which evaluates the variable “wfv-outcome”.
We can evaluate the wfv-outcome string as follows:
- ynn = more information required
- nyn = correct metadata
- nyy = reject case
- nnn = continue
Admittedly, there’s a logic mistake in this demo: there is no action for when the metadata is incorrect. It was based on the customer’s solution where if the metadata was incorrect, the applicable metadata was then displayed in the form to be fixed on the spot. Therefore, it didn’t matter if the outcome for that question was yes or no.
Once the different branches of the Switch control have been determined, add in the actions for each branch.
Alternative solution to switch control
You could also create a workflow variable for each question and assign the variable to each option control on the form, the same way as was done for the calculated value control. Once you’re back in the workflow configuration, you would then use Run If actions to determine what to do.
I find the solution with the switch cleaner and more flexible for adding or removing questions as well as changing the order.
Loop versus state machine
We didn’t handle the loop where the case manager requested more information from the creator, then went through the qualify case workflow again. This could be solved using either a loop or a state machine control. You can read a good overview on Creating flexible, robust Nintex workflows. | <urn:uuid:11edee74-d77c-4f1a-949f-062707bf2461> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sharepoint.hannahswain.eu/2015/11/20/nintex-workflow-and-form-with-multiple-yesno-radio-buttons/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.929111 | 1,180 | 1.75 | 2 |
sp.info Specification Sheet: Alloy 347/347H - Sandmeyer SteelAlloy 347 (UNS S34700) is a columbium stabilized austenitic stainless steel with good general corrosion resistance and somewhat better resistance in strong oxidizing conditions than 321 (UNS S32100). It has excellent resistance to intergranular corrosion after exposure to temperatures in the chromium carbide precipitation rangesp.info Stainless Steel – Grade 347H (UNS S34709)Grade 347H stainless steel can be welded using most of the resistance and fusion methods. Oxyacetylene welding is not preferred for this steel. Hot Working. Forging, upsetting and other hot work processes can be performed at 1149 to 1232°C (2100 to 2250°F). The grade 347H steel has to be water quenched and annealed to obtain maximum hardness.sp.info 347/347H Stainless Steel products in Stock - Penn ...Alloy 347 is a stabilized, austenitic, chromium steel containing columbium which allows for the elimination of carbide precipitation, and, consequently, intergranualr corrosion.
1.4550 / AISI 347 is an austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel with titanium and niobium addition.sp.info347 Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Round Barsp.info AISI 347/347H - AperamGrade 347 from Aperam South America is a stainless steel elaborated to meet the international standards AISI 347 and AISI 347H. Due to the stabilization with niobium, this grade has the corrosion resistance at high temperatures as its main characteristic.sp.info The Global Leader in Specialty Metals 347/347H …Type 347 stainless steel has slightly improved corrosion resistance over type 321 stainless steel in strongly oxidizing environments. Type 347 is stabilized with columbium, it is preferable for aqueous and low temperature environments due to its good resistance to intergranular attack.
sp.info Stainless Steel Grade Datasheetsstainless steel fasteners, ISO 3506, includes 302HQ as an acceptable composition for fastener grade “A2”; it is commonly produced in strength grades A2-70 and A2-80. The stable austenitic structure makes 302HQ non-magnetic, even after substantial cold work, and also results in excellent toughness, even down to cryogenic temperatures.sp.info Stainless Steel Alloy 347, Specialized AISI 347 ...Stainless 347 should also be considered for use in aircraft collector rings, and exhaust manifolds, expansion joints, and high temperature chemical process equipment. Available forms of Stainless 347 are seamless pipe, welded pipe, seamless tube, welded tube, bar, wire, sheet, plate, forgings, pipe fittings and flanges.sp.info 347 Stainless Steel Machinability347 Stainless Steel alloy, with its columbium and tantalum content, is a stabilized stainless steel and provides exceptional intergranular corrosion resistance. Stainless Steel - Falcon Metals Falcon distributes all mill forms of stainless steels.
Excellent formability and weldability. Because of its economy and good resistance to oxidation and corrosion, this stainless offer many opportunities for a wide range of parts. 410 - Heat-treatable stainless used widely where corrosion is not severe - air, fresh water, some chemicals and food acids.Some results are removed in response to a notice of local law requirement. For more information, please see here.sp.info347 - Steel grades, Properties and Global Standardssp.info Stainless Steel: Tables of Technical PropertiesThe selection of the appropriate stainless steel grade for each applic ation is the result of variou s considerations. In order to assis t the reader in this selection, Euro Inox makes the following tables of technical properties available: • Chemical composition of stainless steels (flat products) • Mechanical properties of stainless ...
You may also leave contact information, we will contact you as soon as possible!
E-Mail: [email protected]
Address: Development Zone, Zhengzhou, China | <urn:uuid:315c9754-28b2-4043-aa1e-80918585deb5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.ipaulownia.es/sa633/347-stainless-steel-composition_2384.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.866628 | 855 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Gene Expression and Pathway Detection for Diabetic Nephropathy using Computational Intelligence in Bioinformatics
It has been observed that in high blood sugar levels over time these high glucose level can damage various area of the body including cardiovascular system and kidneys. The kidney damage that results is known as “Diabetic nephropathy “.Diabetes plays a critical role in public health concern with rates of diabetes increasing globally and approximately 40 of affected individuals developing diabetic nephropathy. We have taken bioinformatics and computational approach to studying identification of diabetic nephropathy associated genes by literature mining for gene expression and how the genes affected the pathways DN .Numerous datasets has been evaluated for Diabetic nephropathy occurs only in a minority of subjects with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes and seems to result from the interaction between genetic susceptibility and environmental insults and risk factors for the development of diabetic nephropathy includes ethnicity and inherited genetic differences and Hyperglycemia and arterial hypertension and other risk factors are smoking dyslipidemia proteinuria, glomerular hyperfiltration and factors.Our result have been evaluated how the pathways are been affected in diabetic nephropathy, the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy and gene mapping also the development of diagnostic.
Dr. Brijendra Gupta | Tanvi Shinde | Aarti Pundalik | Poonam Kedari | <urn:uuid:838d29fc-4fe6-436f-b15c-039636b3b4cb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ijtsrd.com/PaperXml/ijtsrd50423.xml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.924529 | 301 | 2.359375 | 2 |
On September 11, 2001, I awakened late in the morning to another sunny day in Calabasas. Sunlight seeped through the slats of my bedroom blinds as I put on my robe and stumbled into the kitchen to make my morning cup of tea.
I didn’t rush or worry about getting to the office on time; I was recently unemployed. My company, a subsidiary of large privately-held publishing group, laid off its entire staff a few days earlier – the result of a depressed economy.
The light on my answering machine blinked, but I ignored it – probably another call to a company that used to have my phone number or a telemarketer.
After retrieving the newspaper, I closed my front door with one hand and pressed the play button on the answering machine with the other. I froze as I heard my mother’s voice, urging me to stay calm, that she and my Dad were okay and to not be afraid… end of message. My parents live in Portland, Oregon, so many thoughts raced through my mind: St. Helens erupted again, their house was on fire or there was a car accident.
I remember thinking that if it was St. Helens, it would probably be on the news, so I looked for the television remote while punching in my mother’s phone number: busy. I dropped the phone and turned on the TV.
Sights and sounds exploded before my eyes on CNN; my knees weakened and I crumbled to the carpet. With shaking hands holding the remote, I surfed the cable news channels, only to see the same visions of panic and pain. News anchors reported assaults on the Pentagon and New York and planes crashing in Pennsylvania, it was clear: America was under attack.
I watched terrified people running, covered in gray dust; my television screen filled with images of flames and buildings collapsing, creating tsunamis of dust and debris. I didn’t know that the pandemonium and horror in front of my eyes took place three hours earlier – everything seemed immediate and confusing.
I tried to reconcile my mother’s voice mail message with the television footage, the barrage of reporters’ words and alarming sights … bombs, the Pentagon, fires … Initially, I thought our country was the target of an invasion (based on my mother’s reassurances from Portland) and tried to think of who would have the audacity to launch an attack on America?
Eventually, news reports put the words and pictures into context: there were terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center Twin Towers, the Pentagon, as well as another plane crash, its mission unfulfilled due to a courageous coup by the hijacked passengers, into a vacant field in Pennsylvania.
Professionally, I’ve been a publicist, business development executive and, now, a media consultant and writer. That morning, as I watched jet-fueled planes, filled with innocent civilians, deliberately driven into the Twin Towers, the only words I could verbalize were “oh, my God, oh my God” – literally, a plea or a prayer, but not a phrase I used frivolously or with disrespect.
Unable to move from my spot on the floor, I sat and watched the reports for hours; silent tears streamed from my eyes. I was numb with the horror of what my brain told me was inconceivable.
In the hours and days that followed, the true culprits were revealed: a terrorist group, Al-Qaeda.
2,975 innocent lives were lost on September 11, 2001 (I won’t add the deaths of the 19 terrorists to that toll; they don’t deserve, in my opinion, to be counted among their victims).
The terrorists rejoiced at their success, but I knew they had made a huge mistake. The fiends who planned and carried out their heinous attacks seriously underestimated or misunderstood America. There would be retribution for their lethal schemes and it would be swift and decisive.
While examining the rubble and remains of the Twin Towers in New York City, President George Bush draped his arm around a fireman, and, with megaphone in hand, addressed hundreds of workers and rescuers at the scene. A shout from the crowd; someone couldn’t hear the President’s words:
“I can hear you. I can hear you. The rest of the world hears you. And the people who knocked these buildings down will hear all of us soon!”
– President George W. Bush, September 14, 2001
He kept his word. On October 7, 2001, a strong and effective military strike, Operation Enduring Freedom, was successfully mounted against the terrorists and their supporters in Afghanistan.
“Now, we have inscribed a new memory alongside those others. It’s a memory of tragedy and shock, of loss and mourning. But not only of loss and mourning. It’s also a memory of bravery and self-sacrifice, and the love that lays down its life for a friend – even a friend whose name it never knew. “
– President George W. Bush, December 11, 2001
Eight years after the attacks, I can still recall every emotion I felt that morning, as well as the intensity of the anger and grief that permeated every waking moment. I remember the sight American flags flying from every house, apartment or car – even billboards. It was hard to find an American who wasn’t a patriot – an angry, indignant and injured patriot.
My personal belief system encourages me to forgive and forget, but September 11th is my personal exception. I will never forget and I pray that Americans and the rest of the world will never forget what happened on that day. Sadly, we must continue to keep these memories alive, to remember the fallen – the victims and the heroes. We must remember for the safety of our country, for the protection of our freedom and way of life.
It is vital that we remember every minute of that day, from the moment we first glimpsed those visions of horror on television, as well as the sadness, anger and resolve for retribution that we, as a nation, felt in the days and weeks ahead. We must remember, so we can make sure it doesn’t happen again. | <urn:uuid:13f18ed3-6711-476c-a913-d3ac756f24c6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://theboldpursuit.com/2009/09/11/an-inconceivable-violation/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.969518 | 1,299 | 1.5 | 2 |
An objective examination of both the current campaign-financing system and the history of so-called campaign-finance reform leads most rational people to the same conclusion: as long as campaigns for public office are financed with private money, that money will control, corrupt, and distort the democratic process.
The solution is to finance all congressional and presidential primary and general elections directly from public funds. Though an unpopular idea both in Washington and among voters, it has compelling merit. Let’s look at it this way:
The S&L mess will cost the nation at least $500 billion. That problem began in 1982, when PACs from the S&L industry purchased a very bad piece of legislation–the Garn-St. Germain Act. Then, as the S&L industry was swept by fraud, crooks like Keating shared their S&L booty with members of Congress, who in appreciation stopped federal regulators from shutting the crooks down. But just by taking the $500 billion cost of this one congressional snafu–and, rest assured, there are many other examples in which special interests have corrupted the legislative process–we could pay for every primary and general election campaign for members of the House, the Senate, and the presidency for one thousand years (calculated at $500 million per year)!
In this context, it’s hard to imagine why public financing is so controversial. But members of Congress are not about to support publicly funded campaign financing, for several reasons:
1) They use the advantages of incumbency–easily accessible special-interest money–to scare off and defeat challengers. That’s what House Majority Leader Richard Gephardt, D-Missouri, did in 1992. His challenger actually raised more than $400,000 to mount a viable campaign. Gephardt’s response was to turn to PACs, mostly labor PACs, which promptly sent him $1.2 million. Gephardt won his race with 64 percent of the vote. Is it any surprise that he opposed NAFTA?
2) Though they believe that politicians are little more than bribe-taking scoundrels, voters hate the idea of replacing special-interest campaign money with taxpayer funds. Increasing numbers of taxpayers are refusing to check that little box on their IRS-1040 that sends $1 to the presidential campaign fund. The fund was only barely able to cover its obligations during the 1992 race and is projected to be in deficit in 1996. The Senate has already voted to raise the contribution to $3.
3) Then there’s the Rush Limbaugh factor. Members of Congress can just hear Rush broadcasting to his small army of ditto-heads: “Look what they’re doing now, folks. Congress can’t even balance the budget, but they want you and me to pay for their campaigns.” Forget it.
Even the public-interest groups are shy about demanding a pure publicly financed campaign system. One of the few that has is the Center for Responsive Politics, a nonpartisan group that tracks hard- and soft-money contributions.
“Achieving this goal [pure public financing] will require jumping the enormous hurdles of public cynicism and suspicion toward politics and politicians,” said Ellen Miller, the group’s executive director. “Public-interest groups have failed to make the case that today’s cost of private financing of elections is far, far higher than the cost of a system of total public financing.”
Unlike Miller, most proponents of public financing are still in the closet. Even White House sources who privately told us that they favor a public-financing system wouldn’t say so on the record, and didn’t dare propose it in their reform plan. So here lies the real roadblock to reform: few players in this drama are going to come out for public campaign financing until they are certain that the public won’t hang them out to dry. | <urn:uuid:2829e875-9080-4b51-9219-6f4ccf6f3fa8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://practice.motherjones.com/politics/1994/01/public-financing-cheaper-solution/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.965466 | 812 | 2.046875 | 2 |
This post was published 3 years ago. Download links are most likely obsolete.
If that's the case, try asking the author to reupload.
ASIN: B07DPSKSXW, ISBN: 1846683874 | 2019 | AZW3 | 448 pages | 5 MB
In 264 BC, a Roman army was poised to cross from southern Italy into Sicily. They couldn't know that this crossing would be Rome's first step on its journey from local republic to vast and powerful empire.
At the beginning of the three dramatic centuries that make up this book's narrative, Rome had no emperor and limited global influence; by the book's end, Hadrian was set to pass into history as one of the greatest emperors, whose territories stretched from England to Turkey.
In David Potter's masterful history of this period, we trace the process of cultural, political and civic transformation which led to the creation of a monarchy and the acquisition of territory, via wars with Hannibal, the destruction of Carthage, Augustan Empire-building and Hadrian's famous wall, all of which contributed to the most successful multi-cultural state in the history of Europe. This is a lively, scholarly approach to an essential era. | <urn:uuid:649e0c6e-3461-471b-b305-60ab43a0f115> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sanet.st/blogs/tarantoga2019/the_origin_of_empire_rome_from_the_republic_to_hadrian_bc_ad_azw.2954886.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.958216 | 249 | 2.90625 | 3 |
Arthur Acheson 1688-1748
Sir Arthur ACHESON, 5th Bart 1688-1748/9
Born in Markethill, County Armagh, Ireland, son of Sir Nicholas Acheson, 4th bart and Anne Taylor. He succeeded to the baronetcy in 1701 upon the death of his father. Matriculated at Trinity College, Dublin in 1705 and graduated with a B.A in 1707. Acheson served as MP for Mullingar, Ireland from 1727 until his death. He also served as the high sheriff of Armagh in 1728.
Used an early armorial bookplate (1711), Franks 72. The extent and disposition of his library is not known.
None of Acheson's books have been identified.
- Gambier Howe, E. R. J. "Franks bequest: catalogue of British and American book plates bequeathed to the ... British Museum". London, 1903-4.
- Cokayne, George E., editor, The complete baronetage, 1900, volume II, p. 335.
- Sir Arthur Acheson, 5th Baronet, Wikipedia | <urn:uuid:f3678a8f-3693-4b16-91b9-f6fc636c1663> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bookowners.online/Arthur_Acheson_1688-1748 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.925319 | 259 | 1.53125 | 2 |
n. "[Jewish] [r]itual bath" (JPS).
"The bride-to-be went to the mikveh for the first time the night before her wedding."
Languages of Origin
- Textual Hebrew
- Religious: Jews who are engaged in religious observance and have some Jewish education
- North America
- Great Britain
- South Africa
- Australia / New Zealand
- The New Joys of Yiddish, by Leo Rosten and Lawrence Bush (New York, 2003).
- The JPS Dictionary of Jewish Words, by Joyce Eisenberg and Ellen Scolnic, (Philadelphia, 2001).
- The Joys of Hebrew, by Lewis Glinert (New York, 1992).
- Dictionary of Jewish Usage: A Popular Guide to the Use of Jewish Terms, by Sol Steinmetz (Lanham, MD, 2005).
Who Uses This
mikve, mikva, mikveh
A natural body of water; used in different parts of Jewish tradition such as as part of niddah (after a woman's menstruation cycle before engaging in sexual relations with her husband) or when a person converts to Judaism.
Edit Something missing from this entry? Inaccurate? Feel free to suggest an edit. | <urn:uuid:404fa407-b993-4f03-8bdf-d9cb37317eb5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jel.jewish-languages.org/words/376 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.806154 | 307 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Are you using WordPress to power your site?
It is one of the most used CMS platforms available. WordPress holds 50% to 60% of the global CMS market with users like New York Post, CNN, and USA Today. Aside from these big websites, many smaller websites and small businesses also use WordPress.
Having big competitors only reiterates the importance of having good WordPress SEO strategies. This includes small but important details like changing the time zone to tracking your progress through Google Analytics.
The good thing is that WordPress gives users the tools to make it easy for them to improve their SEO tactics. However, it’s still up to the users to utilize these. There are also other steps to optimize every post they publish on the site.
Want to learn how you can improve your WordPress SEO? Read on for 6 tips to improve your rankings.
Using keywords is essential to let Google know what your topic is about. When there’s enough of the keyword in your article, Google sees it as relevant to the topic. However, there’s such thing as keyword stuffing, which refers to needlessly inserting keywords everywhere.
The crawlers are aware of this practice and will flag every article with an unusually high density. As the keywords are sometimes in unnatural places within the article, it’s going to be hard for readers to understand it. You’ll not only hurt your rankings but also your viewership.
Google also identifies listing cities and locations that you want to rank for as keyword stuffing, which will then hurt your rankings. To avoid spamming your keyword, add latent semantic keywords. Add or use other words that relate to your main keyword, so if your keyword is “wedding dress,” use something like “bridal dress” or “bridal gowns” along with it.
Ignoring the Data from Google Analytics
You might think that your WordPress SEO is working well, but you can’t be sure if it’s actually bringing results. To know that, you must have access to data. Fortunately, Google has a free tool that lets WordPress users see their traffic and their interactions with your website.
Monitoring your progress also helps you keep track of your goals. You’ll know when you need to change your SEO tactics, or what you need to change.
You’ll see which blogs are doing well, and which ones you need to update. This is a good move as improving the previous posts will give more conversions than publishing new content.
The good news is that Google Analytics will also give you information about your visitors. You’ll see the age, gender, location, and their interests. This should help you develop a better WordPress SEO strategy.
Not Setting Your Time Zone
WordPress allows its users to write a post then publish it at a later time. Not setting up a time zone will set you up for a disappointment when you try to do this. Because the default setting might be different from your time zone, your scheduled post will not publish itself on the time you actually want it to.
To set up the time zone, go to the WordPress Settings and navigate to your blog’s dashboard. Go to Settings, then General page, and go to Timezone. From the options, choose your city or the nearest city.
You may also manually calculate your time zone, or seek Google’s help.
Not Updating Content Regularly
Google monitors the bounce rate, and a high rate will lower the rank of a page. One of the factors that increase the bounce rate is when a content is out of date, which prompts the user to immediately close the window and look for another source.
Google Analytics saves the day again, where you can see which pages have low engagement and high bounce rates. You can then pinpoint the out-of-date articles and update them with relevant information.
Furthermore, keep an eye out on how many posts you push out. If you want people to regularly visit your site, give them a reason by providing new content regularly. This also gives you a chance to explore more topics and use more keywords.
Google likes websites that give users what they want, so if people are visiting your site often, it signals Google that your website actually has value.
Neglecting to Optimize Everything
When publishing a content, you might be overlooking some parts that you can optimize. Sure, you’re using keywords and making sure you’re not spamming it, but are you doing other things to increase the chances of ranking high?
Long articles have higher chances to show up as a top result, which should allow you to use sub-headings naturally. Good WordPress SEO practices include using H tags (H1, H2, H3) that break up the content into more readable blocks of text.
Images also let users take a break from walls of text, which website owners can put tag titles and captions in. Optimizing images is crucial but it’s a step most people forget. Make sure you put your keyword in the file name and in the caption because Google crawls these parts as well.
Ignoring WordPress Tags
WordPress has tags that sort the article into categories. This doesn’t do anything in terms of Google’s SEO, but it makes it easier for your readers to search for other articles on your website. Consequently, the visitors will spend more time on your site.
When a user lurks in a website, it sends a positive signal to Google. This will then make Google see your website as relevant and reliable, which will boost your rankings.
WordPress makes it easy to add tags through specialized plugins, such as WP Category Tag Cloud and Simple Tags. Use tags that relate to your keywords to have a better advantage.
Learn More About WordPress SEO
There’s more to SEO than just optimizing WordPress or other websites. If you want to learn more about how you can get your website to the top, visit our blog today.
Not sure where to begin? Looking for more WordPress SEO tips? Visit us today and improve your SEO strategies now on WordPress and off-site with our guides and free web tools. | <urn:uuid:32cf2cf8-235f-4c43-acc1-c5739b9e8c3c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.webconfs.com/1677/6-wordpress-seo-mistakes-you-need-to-avoid/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.921415 | 1,281 | 1.523438 | 2 |
The heat wave that has hit France since Thursday reached its peak on Monday, but on Tuesday the heat wave is moving to the east of the country and 73 departments remain on orange alert. In the Gironde, two gigantic fires, which are still not under control, have burned 19 thousand hectares of vegetation.
Many local temperature records were broken on Monday, Météo-France said, during the heat wave, the second since June. According to preliminary values measured at 17:00, the thermometer in Brest showed 39.3 °C (against the previous record of 35.1 °C in August 2003), 39.5 °C in Saint-Brieuc (38.1 °C in August 2003) , 42 °C in Nantes (40.3 °C in July 1949) or 42.6 °C in Biscarrosse (41.7 °C in June 2022).
The United Kingdom is also experiencing an unprecedented heat wave, with temperatures likely to exceed 40°C on Tuesday. This heat wave also affects the whole of Western Europe, causing forest fires in Spain and Portugal.
According to scientists, the spread of extreme weather events is a direct consequence of climate change, with greenhouse gas emissions increasing in intensity, duration and frequency.
Meetings of the day:
- 11:30 a.m. | Magali Reghezza-Zittgeographer, member of the Supreme Council for Climate, will answer your questions about how to adapt to climate change.
- 14 hours | Christophe Cassouclimatologist and lead author of the sixth report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and Gaetan Heymes, a forecast engineer and snow expert at Météo-France will answer your questions.
Read our content on heatwaves, fires and global warming:
Talking. In dry Verdon: “We are touching global warming. It’s rough”
Editorial office. In the face of the climate emergency, the political response has not yet fulfilled this role
Maintenance. Valérie Masson-Delmotte: “We trotted slowly behind a rapidly changing climate”
Reportage. Firefighters in Bouches-du-Rhône are preparing for a “season in hell”
Testimonials. With heatwaves in France, many are falling into environmental anxiety and fear for the future
“Pop culture maven. Analyst. Writer. Wannabe food evangelist. Organizer. Friendly internet lover. Incurable troublemaker. Entrepreneur.” | <urn:uuid:c44465f0-2258-4877-af23-d8e881ca1c7d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thesixnews.com/heat-wave-fires-climate-change-relive-our-special-day/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.921425 | 532 | 2.78125 | 3 |
In a world that seems to be spinning faster each day it is important to remain mindful and prioritize the important things in our lives. We are constantly bombarded with information to know and tasks to complete. In a world full of distractions we often lose sight of our goals , priorities, and interpersonal relationships.
One thing most can agree on is the Covid-19 pandemic has put life into perspective. It has helped us see what aspects of our lives are permanent and important. Since the world has begun to return to some normalcy of daily life it is hard not to jump back into old habits. Alarm rings Monday- Friday and we begin the frenzy of the week; Work, eat, sleep, screentime. It is easy to forget to meaningfully check in with our very important people (VIP’s) and yourself.
Mindfulness helps maintain mental health and decrease risk of burnout. It is important we take time to reconnect with ourselves, our goals, and what we value. Here are some steps to help begin the practice of living mindfully.
1. Goals and Priorities: Take 10-15 minutes to sit down in a quiet room and write 1-2 goals for the week, 2-3 goals for the month, and 3-4 goals for the year. Be specific in your goals by using the ABCD method physical therapists use at Agape to track our patients progress.
Audience- Who is the target audience ( You)
Behavior- What behavior do you want to modify or achieve.
Condition- Equipment or tools that may (or may not) be utilized in completion of the behavior. The environment in which the goal is completed may be included as well.
Degree- States the standard for acceptable performance (time, accuracy, quality)
Ex: Over the next month I will workout at the gym for 30 minutes 3-4 days a week.
Priorities: What do you hold to the highest value in your life? Family time, health and fitness, work, money, time ect. Tailor your life to fit around these priorities and make time for them each day.
2. Put the phone down: Set aside purposeful quality uninterrupted time with your VIP’s when there is opportunity . Going out to dinner with friends? Put your phones in the middle of the table to be present and not distracted during conversations. Driving your kids home from sports practice? Lower the radio and talk about your days. Set in person interaction above the device in your hand, it will always be there later for you to scroll through social media.
3. Moment of Silence: Take time each day, even if it's 2 minutes, to meditate, pray, or recenter. Pull forward those goals and priorities you set for the week. Stay mindful and Carpe Diem. | <urn:uuid:9efa00c8-13e6-4594-a76b-d5c15cce3e59> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://agapephysicaltherapy.com/blog/practicing-mindfulness | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.944328 | 580 | 2.359375 | 2 |
Fastest way to build a strong core!
Updated: May 29, 2020
First of all, how do we know if our core is strong/weak? Poor posture, back pain and having difficulty sitting up straight are symptoms of a weak core. People often think that doing sit up would help. Yes it does help. However, by just doing sit up is not enough to build a strong core. Compound exercise and functional training is the way to go! Beginners may start off with squats and deadlift. It's important to get all fundamentals right before progressing! Also, get your posture and movement right before attempting to lift heavy weights. Purpose of weights training is to make us stronger and Not injuring ourselves! Having a strong core doesn't mean perfect ABS will show. A strong core WITH a low fats percentage yes, chances are high that your ABS will show. Yes we know the importance of having a strong core. Apart from that, we strongly believe that Strength, Stamina and Agility are equally important as well! Do not neglect any of them! | <urn:uuid:35552949-b8e8-4c39-96b1-6494a0ca48aa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bryansfitness.com/post/fastest-way-to-build-a-strong-core | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.967996 | 213 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Search engine marketing is used when a company wants to promote their website or order to increase their rankings in a search engine. Sometimes, this will involves actually rewriting the content of a site through search engine optimization.
Search engines are a fairly new thing, originating in the 90s to help people find information much like an encyclopedia.
There are five main methods used by a search marketing company.
- The first is keywords . Keywords need to be relevant popular to generate traffic.
- Website saturation depends on back links on the site. This usually is done by an algorithm.
- Back end tools provide the data needed to measure how successful a website is. Success is measured by the amount of traffic that is being generated by pay per click views.
- Whois or such tools give out important information about copyright issues so that the site ensures not to infringe on rights.
- Lastly, a test is done to analyze a page or a URL to determine if the design is mobile friendly.
The phrase ‘search marketing company’ is often used in the same context as search engine optimization. However, search engine marketing is the broader spectrum that includes search engine optimization. Paid and organic searches alike are included in search engine marketing.
Generally speaking, search marketing is mostly about being there when the customer needs you. As a search marketing company, you need to realize that every time someone makes a request or does a search, it is an opportunity. Keeping up with changing technology is important. For example, realizing that social media and the mobile world are becoming the main avenue for searches more so than lap tops and desk tops.
Being the right search marketing company means that you drive more leads to the business that has hired you. Many business are in the market for an internet marketing company because there are such a lot of marketing strategies. Businesses that do not specialize in this area need a company that knows what they are doing and how to do it in order to make them a profit.
Outsourcing seo for small businesses is very common and thus beneficial for those who offer local seo services. Finding affordable seo companies that can get the job done can be difficult at times because the choices are overwhelming. As the search engine firm, you need to stand apart and above every other company out there. Make sure that you are offering something that no one else can and remember that customer service can go a very long way in procuring you a client. | <urn:uuid:8d813e8d-421d-44c2-b489-da0f9ead864d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hop-hosting.com/2016/01/furthering-someone-elses-company-to-benefit-your-own/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.955088 | 497 | 2.078125 | 2 |
More than a decade ago, I wrote about the DTO:
A data transfer object is an object that carries data between processes. The motivation for its use is that communication between processes is usually done resorting to remote interfaces, where each call is an expensive operation. Because the majority of the cost of each call is related to the round-trip time between the client and the server, one way of reducing the number of calls is to use an object (the DTO) that aggregates the data that would have been transferred by the several calls, but that is served by one call only.
I believed (and still do) that it should be a thing of the past. Yet, it seems its usage is still widespread.
I do not deny there are some valid reasons to transform data. However, there are alternatives to the traditional DTO process:
Return a business object from the service layer
Note that projects I’ve worked on previously, we directly mapped the BO to the entity read from the database.
Transform the BO to a DTO in the presentation layer
Return the DTO from the presentation layer
Return the Entity Itself
When the entity’s properties are a superset of the properties that need to be displayed, aggregating additional properties is not required. Transforming the entity to a DTO is not only overkill. It hinders performance.
In that case, the best approach is to return the entity itself.
We make requests for specific data in a particular context. Thus, when the call reaches the data access layer, the scope of the required data is fully known: it makes sense to execute a SQL query that is tailor-fitted to this scope.
For that, JPA offers projections. In essence, a projection in a query allows precisely the data one wants. Here’s an example; given a
Person entity class and a
PersonDetails regular class:
CriteriaQuery<PersonDetails> q = cb.createQuery(PersonDetails.class); Root<Person> c = q.from(Person.class); q.select(cb.construct(PersonDetails.class, c.get(Person_.firstName), c.get(Person_.lastName), c.get(Person_.birthdate) ));
Regarding JSON specifically, we can delegate the process of providing the correct data to the serializer framework, eg Jackson. The idea behind it is the following: the main code processes the entity as usual, and at the edge, a Jackson converter converts it to the required JSON structure.
If less data is necessary, it’s child’s play. If more, then the converter needs additional dependencies to get data where it is. Of course, if this data comes from the same datastore, this is not great, and the alternative above is more relevant. If not, it’s an option.
Last but not least, one could return the full-blown entities and let the client decide what data makes sense in its context.
GraphQL is built around this idea: Facebook created it, and it is now fully Open Source. Its main advantage is to offer a specification and a lot of language-specific implementations on top of it.
A query language for your API
GraphQL is a query language for APIs and a runtime for fulfilling those queries with your existing data. GraphQL provides a complete and understandable description of the data in your API, gives clients the power to ask for exactly what they need and nothing more, makes it easier to evolve APIs over time, and enables powerful developer tools.
— GraphQL website
When a gap exists between the business and presentation models, it’s easy to get back to age-old “patterns” such as the DTO. However, any of the alternatives above are probably more relevant.
To go further:
Originally Posted at A Java Geek on March 6th2022 | <urn:uuid:d0029b4b-9b74-46c8-9c90-1279932973f3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://neo-adventtec.com/alternatives-to-dto-dzone-java/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.908771 | 833 | 2.484375 | 2 |
ACCA F5 12月考前Tips匯總整理！
ACCA F5 Exam Tips December 2016
ACCA F5 Exam Tips December 2016 Session are given below by famous tuition providers
MCQ’s can come up from any syllabus area so cover the breadth of every topic.
ABC, Life Cycle costing, Target Costing and Throughput Costing are very commonly tested topics while Environmental costing is rarely tested.
Usually there are two questions from this area. Commonly tested topics are
– Relevant Costing
– Cost Volume Profit Analysis
– Limiting Factor
– Make or Buy or Shutdown Decisions and other Short term decisions
– Dealing with Risk and Uncertainty
There are two questions from this area. Variances analysis is more commonly tested topics while Budgeting is also tested off and on. Every exam has some variances in it and could be basic or advanced variances.
Performance evaluations is another area where questions always come up – very hard to learn a set method as each one is different. The important thing is to read the question carefully and make sure you link your analysis to the scenario. Commonly tested areas are
The examiner does not like students who simply quote from the textbook, writing information that is not relevant to the question. The examiner also likes you to have an opinion – has the company done well or not? Clearly state your opinion and reasons why it is so.
A new format has been introduced for ACCA F5 from the September 2016 sitting.
Section A (30%)
Objective Test Questions
15 questions worth 2 marks each. This will examine all areas of the syllabus.
Section B (30%)
Objective Test Cases
3 case questions which each include a scenario with 5 sub requirements worth 2 marks each. Each requirement will be independent and can therefore be answered in any order.
This will examine all area of the syllabus.
Section C (40%)
Constructed Response Question
2 questions worth 20 marks each – these can be further broken down into multiple parts of varying length
This will examine syllabus areas B-D only.
As any syllabus area could be tested in sections A&B the best advice is to study all areas of the syllabus.
Areas expected to be tested in Section C include (but are not limited to) planning and operational variances, mix and yield variances and evaluation of the company performance (either as a whole, or on a divisional basis).
F5 has the following syllabus areas:
A Specialist cost and management accounting techniques.
B Decision making techniques.
C Budgeting and control.
D Performance measurement and control.
There is no longer any formal reading and planning time at the start of the exam. However, you are strongly advised to plan answers to section C questions before starting to write.
The examiner has repeatedly stated that she expects students to study broadly for all of the syllabus areas meaning that question spotting is not a good idea, instead students should expect the unexpected. Since the introduction of section A questions this advice is even more critical because more topics can be tested. | <urn:uuid:2ec54dc6-c7b9-40a9-b5ec-3fc701f3c2d3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.128004.com/ACCA/kqzd/20161206/2629.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.910585 | 996 | 2.234375 | 2 |
You can get to a place of forgiveness by reminding yourself that “You mess up too.” We all do. We all are messes needing a Saviour.
In marriage, anger is a silent (and sometimes a not-so-silent) killer. Anger can come in many shapes and sizes, and slide itself easily under the rug. Maybe we think we have our anger under control and yet, it is smoldering like a steam engine about to roar.
Marriage was created by God to teach us more about Him. If we begin to treat our spouse in the same way Jesus treats us…a change will take place. | <urn:uuid:0fb6483b-6e1a-4b4f-b879-5fa62b341a96> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sueaallen.com/category/marriage-counseling/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.961454 | 133 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Aliquippa and Ohio River Railroad
|Dates of operation||2002–|
|Track gauge||4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge|
|Length||6 mi (9.7 km)|
|Website||www.gwrr.com/aliquippa and ohio river railroad|
The Aliquippa and Ohio River Railroad (reporting mark AOR) is a six-mile short line railroad in Aliquippa, Pennsylvania, United States, controlled by Genesee & Wyoming Inc. through its ownership of the Ohio Central Railroad System. It lies between CSX Transportation's ex-Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad line and the Ohio River, extending south from CSX's yard in northern Aliquippa to near the Ambridge-Aliquippa Bridge. Formerly known as the Aliquippa and Southern Railroad (reporting mark ALQS), its owner and primary customer was LTV Steel, which mostly closed its Aliquippa plant in 1985 and sold the line to the Ohio Central in 2002. The AOR now connects the Aliquippa Industrial Park, which occupies the LTV site, with CSX.
The Jones and Laughlin Steel Company (J&L) incorporated the Aliquippa and Southern Railroad in November 1906 to serve its new plant at Aliquippa, downriver from its Pittsburgh location. The majority of the line was opened by the end of 1910, and in 1921 the Interstate Commerce Commission declared it to be a common carrier. Although the vast majority of its service was to J&L, several other local businesses shipped over the line.
LTV Steel acquired J&L in 1968, and in 1985 it shut down most of the Aliquippa plant. The bankrupt LTV sold the railroad to the Ohio Central Railroad System in late 2002, and the newly created Aliquippa and Ohio River Railroad began operations on November 15. The rail access has since attracted businesses such as Wolfpac Technologies to the Aliquippa Industrial Park, developed by the Beaver County Corporation for Economic Development on the old steel mill property. Major commodities shipped over the line include bricks, aggregates, and plastics.
The company was acquired by Genesee & Wyoming in 2008 as part of its purchase of the Ohio Central Railroad System.
- The New York Times, Will Build a New Town, July 27, 1907, p. 1
- Interstate Commerce Commission, 121 I.C.C. 536: Valuation Docket No. 815, Aliquippa and Southern Railroad Company (1927)
- Interstate Commerce Commission, 60 I.C.C. 325: No. 11134, Jones & Laughlin Steel Co. v. Director General (1921)
- John P. Hoerr, And the Wolf Finally Came, University of Pittsburgh Press, 1988, ISBN 0-8229-5398-6, p. 479
- Surface Transportation Board, Finance Docket No. 34260, October 30, 2002
- Railroad Retirement Board, Employer Status Determination: Aliquippa & Ohio River Railroad Company Archived 2009-01-17 at the Wayback Machine, February 14, 2003
- Michael Pound, Beaver County Times, State funding will help rebuild local sections of rail lines, March 28, 2008
- "Connecticut company buys Ohio Central Railroad". Business First of Columbus. August 4, 2008. Retrieved January 9, 2010. | <urn:uuid:c347b2ad-07d7-453f-a672-fc68e897dc90> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliquippa_and_Ohio_River_Railroad | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.920361 | 783 | 2.3125 | 2 |
This is the second in a series of blog posts describing the process I undertook to recreate the child-sized coat armour on display at the Musée des beaux arts in Chartres, France. I’ll be covering the process of drafting the pattern. Find the first part here: Dyeing an Imperfect Lampas.
When I examined the coat in the museum in Chartres on July 1, 2011, my first order of business was to take a myriad of measurements. I gave careful thought to all of the lengths I would need to recreate the pattern on flat paper later. I laid them out in a spreadsheet before going to France. My best friend, Greta, accompanied me as my assistant and recorded them for me as I measured and called out each number to her. Time was short. I was only given three hours to gather all the data I would ever get from this coat.
Here are the measurements I took. Each number corresponds to a measurement on the following tables.
This may seem like an excessive number of measurements, but without them, I couldn’t be certain I was accurately reproducing the flat pattern. It’s probable that with fewer measurements I would have been forced to fudge some aspects of the pattern from memory. This way, I could be confident.
I framed out the shapes of the torso pieces using straight lines crossing each other (an x and y axis) as a guide. I was delighted to discover a beautiful symmetry at play. The waist ran exactly midway between the highest point of the shoulder and lowest point of the hem. The torso pieces could also be bisected by a line that ran from the highest point of the shoulder, directly down the middle of each piece.
Note the chalice shape framed by the square in the middle of the diagram above. We frequently think of an hour-glass shape when describing the fashionable silhouette of the 14th century. This certainly applies for women. For men, however, I think a chalice shape describes the silhouette better, especially in the last 40 years of the century. Their chests were framed with bold curves, but their hips less so. The lower half of the torso was more typically defined by an A-line. In the most fashionable clothing, this A-line was enforced with the use of rigorous padding and quilting.
That straight-line flare from the waist to the hips was made all the more striking by placing the waist artificially high. The dotted line extension in the diagram above shows where the bottom of a man’s hips would end. The waist on a man typically sits about halfway between the armpits and the bottom of the hips. Here, the waist has been placed about one third of the distance between armpits and the bottom of the hips. Modern re-creations typically place the waist too low to give the correct silhouette.
Analysis of period silhouettes aside, I drafted the pattern using pencil, wide craft paper, ruler, yard stick, a flexible curve ruler and—of course—the measurements. Here is an example of the back piece in progress:
In addition to re-creating the pattern shapes, I had the added challenge of re-creating the placement of the quilt lines. The curator at the Musée des beaux arts took photos at my request, which I consulted when placing the quilt lines. As you can see in the picture above, the quilt lines were not uniform or parallel.
Apologies for the dark photo. I did not have a decent camera at the time. As you can see, I added a half-inch of seam allowance all around. See how the quilt lines do not line up with all the hem scallops? It’s clear that the maker was not concerned with that sort of neatness. Far more important was the emphasis on the waist. The lines move inward proportionately, and then back out again, once past the waist.
Here’s a photo of the front piece before I added the hem scallops and seam allowance:
The quilt lines are complex and somewhat unpredictable. Some curved more strongly than others, and the curves themselves were all slightly different.
The sleeve was quite straight-forward. It had a somewhat shallow s-curve sleeve cap, which allowed the curved seam to run down the back of the arm and provide a fullness for the elbow to bend into.
The finished sleeve pattern’s quilt lines were much easier to map out than the body pieces’ quilt lines—straight lines that run parallel to each other are the easiest of all.
The cleaned-up pattern, including tiny godets on the side seams, finally emerged. For the purpose of reproduction, I decided to incorporate the tiny godets in the main pattern pieces. They existed on the original because the original, lengthwise-folded fabric was not wide enough to accommodate the full width of the skirt for cutting purposes.
I also mapped out the shape of the padded placket which sits behind the buttonholes on the original coat:
Clearly plackets were a done thing, because this is not the only extant garment from the time period with one. The jupon preserved with the Black Prince’s funerary achievements (dated to 1376) in England also has a placket behind its lacing holes. See Janet Arnold’s article (citation below) for a good source of information on the jupon.
The final step in preparing this pattern was to treat the pattern pieces like stencils. Instead of cutting the fabric into the shape of the finished pattern pieces, I was going to lay these stencils on rectangles of linen fabric and then transfer the final shapes as well as the quilting lines. I planned to use the prick-and-pounce method for the transfer. These large rectangles of linen would serve as the base upon which I would build the padding and quilting.
In the next installment, I’ll show you how I padded and quilted the garment pieces before sewing them all together. (Part 3: Padding and Quilting on a Frame)
Arnold, Janet. “The Jupon or Coat-Armour of the Black Prince in Canterbury Cathedral.” Journal of the Church Monument Society VIII (1993): 12–24.
Kelly, Tasha D. “The Tailoring of the Pourpoint of King Charles VI of France Revealed”. Waffen- und Kostümkunde Hefte 2 (2013): 153–180. | <urn:uuid:1bbc2f6b-2c8c-4a0f-90d4-2bb079fda0a9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cottesimple.com/pourpoint-of-charles-vi/charles-vi-coat-armour-reproduction-recreating-pattern/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.957995 | 1,356 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Lover's Box: Reviving romance in the digital age
Adding that spark of magic to digital devices is the secret ingredient in the success of many products and services. That spark is often personalization; the concept of a device or service being mine and for only me, building an attachment to transcend the mere bundle of plastic and circuitry in front of you. Researchers at the University Of Newcastle have been working on ways to make more emotionally meaningful forms of digital communication by producing what they are calling "Lovers' Boxes". Resembling an antique wooden jewellery box, each conceals the latest technology to play back messages recorded by a loved one.
A trial of the technology used five couples that recorded romantic messages to one another. The boxes, made from four different types of wood, cherry, beech, apple and walnut, are ornately carved with brass hinges and an antique keyhole at the front. A computer incorporating a RFID reader is inside, hidden from view. Opening the box, a screen becomes visible in the lid framed by wood to continue on the antique come precious theme. Unlocking the box with the RFID tagged key starts the video message played in a portrait orientation. Unlike the usual 16:9 landscape format of typical video playback, it attempts to give you the sense of something different, something special. Without the key, the message cannot be played.
Anja Thieme, the lead researcher on the project explains, "The aesthetic appeal of these objects, with the mix of the antique wooden box that has to be unlocked with a physical key is really important in terms of keeping the personal messages between partners private and treasured".
The couples created video by working with a digital media artist. Video as opposed to photos or text was chosen for emotional impact though the boxes could display text and pictures. The messages were personalized further with the ability to configure a specific date and time and the facility to limit the number of times a message could be played.
The research findings showed that participants perceived their box as a memento or interactive storybook of their meaningful experiences and looked at the exchange of video as an enjoyable shared hobby with their partner. The couples would treat their box carefully and stow it away like a family heirloom.
"The process of reflecting on what content to present, of putting effort into the creation of the video and handing the box over to their beloved was perceived as giving a gift of high personal significance," said Ms Thieme. "In this sense, the interaction with the box created space for partners to display mutual social and emotional support and to feel valued and loved.
So will this mix of old and new take off? I can see the use of these boxes not only for lovers but going further as a special gift for your child, parents and loved ones. A much more personal and special gift than a file embedded in an email – just don't forget which box goes with which key!
Source: Newcastle University | <urn:uuid:d3609e9a-78a7-4dee-8be6-45feb5e2632f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://newatlas.com/lovers-box-digital-love-letters/18498/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.954519 | 603 | 2.09375 | 2 |
As a premed or medical student, you’ve likely already had to make a few tough decisions. From deciding to become a doctor to choosing your undergraduate degree to deciding which medical schools to apply to, the list goes on. And you’ll continue to have important decisions to make throughout your time in medical school.
What research experience is best for your resume? What specialty should you pursue? What residency programs do you apply to? Where do you want to live for the duration of your residency and beyond?
If you struggle with decision making, you understand how debilitating not being able to decide can be. Struggling with small, everyday decisions is one thing, but what about those major life decisions that will have a rippling effect for years to come?
Whether you’re narrowing down your final list of schools, deciding whether or not to take a gap year, choosing from your acceptances, or picking a specialty, the following decision making strategies will help you make informed decisions you can feel good about for years to come.
1 | Be Informed and Do Your Research
Doing your research is the first step to good decision making. This is especially true the more important a decision is. Major life choices, like deciding which medical schools to apply to or which acceptance to choose, require plenty of research in order to make an informed decision.
Taking time in the research phase will set you up for success and give you the tools you need to make the decision that’s right for you.
Do the research you can online, but go far beyond simple Google searches and using the MSAR. Reach out to mentors, professional acquaintances, and other students to get inside information. If you are trying to decide which schools to apply to, speak to staff at the school, ask current students specific questions, and, if you can, go to the campus yourself to get a feel for the location and community.
If you’re trying to choose a specialty, do your research about what the specialty is like, including lifestyle, education requirements, pay rate, working hours, and the type of people you’ll be working with. But don’t stop there—speak to students who are also pursuing that specialty, reach out to professionals in the field, and get as much real-life experience as you can to determine whether or not it’s right for you.
If you’re trying to decide what specialty you want to pursue, we have a whole series dedicated to dissecting different specialties and subspecialties. Our “So You Want to Be…” series takes a deep dive into how to pursue each specialty, pros and cons, and how to determine if the specialty will be a good fit for you.
Thorough research is the backbone of good decision making. Every strategy you enact from here on out will be aided by in-depth research.
2 | Consider Impact vs. Effort
What is the impact versus effort for the options you are choosing between? An impact effort matrix is a simple decision making tool that helps you align your priorities.
What options will leave the largest impact, and how much effort is needed to reach that result?
The impact effort matrix has four quadrants.
- High impact, low effort
- High impact, high effort
- Low impact, low effort
- Low impact, high effort
Plot all of your options on your matrix in the locations that make the most sense to you. In comparison to all of your other options, how much effort will going down this path entail? In the end, what is the impact of the decision? How much do you actually want that outcome to become a reality?
For example, let’s say you are choosing which medical schools to apply to and are trying to decide whether or not to apply to Texas medical schools. If you are also applying to schools outside of Texas, adding another application service (TMDSAS) is certainly a notable increase in effort. But if you’ve always dreamed of going to Baylor’s College of Medicine, the impact of getting an acceptance from that school would be quite high and incredibly fulfilling.
Another example to consider is whether or not you want to pursue a difficult specialty, such as neurosurgery. What is the effort involved in pursuing such a competitive and difficult specialty versus the impact it will have on your enjoyment, lifestyle, and other factors? Do you care about pursuing a high-paying specialty, or would you prefer a lifestyle that allows for more work/life balance and time for family?
This tool should by no means be the only one you use to make tough decisions, but it does provide additional insight into where your limited time and resources should be spent. If you discover an option that’s high impact, low effort, it’s certainly a decision to consider.
3 | Apply Parkinson’s Law
Parkinson’s Law states that work expands to fill the time allotted for its completion. So, if you allot yourself three hours for a task, you’ll likely use the full three hours, or if you give yourself an entire weekend to complete a task, it’s going to take the entire weekend.
But by giving yourself less time, you can actually accomplish what you set out to in a shorter time frame. This law is usually applied to tasks, but making a tough decision is a task itself, and it’s one that can become incredibly time-consuming.
Give yourself plenty of time to make a tough decision, but don’t get carried away. Tough decisions can eat away at you and continue to consume your time and valuable brain space. Whether you are a premed or medical student, there’s not a whole lot of extra time to spare.
Be mindful about the amount of time you allow yourself to spend making a decision. Try applying Parkinson’s Law; give yourself a shorter amount of time to make a decision instead of applying an open-ended time frame to your decision making. If you have unlimited time to make your decision, you will very likely fill all of that time. You’re better off giving yourself a tight deadline to follow and then extending it a little if you need to.
4 | Take Time Away
Just like every great steak, tough decisions need time to rest. You need time to reflect, and you need time for your brain to get used to each idea.
After you’ve done your research or after you’ve made a bit of progress towards reaching a decision, take some time away from the question entirely. Do something completely unrelated. This could mean going to the gym, going for a walk, working on another task, or something more involved, like only focusing on your studies for a week or visiting family for a weekend.
As tough as it may be, do everything you can to push that decision out of your mind. Focus on something else to keep your mind occupied. Afterward, you can come back to the decision again to see if anything has changed. Has time away made you lean in a different direction? Did not thinking about the problem help you reach a decision? Do you have a new perspective now that you’ve spent some time doing something else?
5 | Trust Your Gut
No matter how much research and preparation you do and no matter how many opinions you gather, it’s your life. What does your gut tell you? What do you feel when you consider each of your options?
If you visit a campus and something doesn’t feel right, don’t dismiss it as ‘just a feeling’ or ‘just nerves.’ Take that feeling into consideration. What does your gut tell you about the cities you visit during interviews? What does your gut tell you about the people you meet on campus or about moving across the country away from your family?
A gut feeling should by no means be your only consideration, but don’t dismiss it. It doesn’t matter if you think you should or shouldn’t like something. If you don’t like it, you don’t like it, and vice versa.
6 | Sometimes Making a Decision is All That Matters
Making a decision and committing to it is often more worthwhile than continuing to flounder in the murky, anxiety-ridden limbo of indecision. When you make a decision, you’ll finally be able to fully pursue that option; sometimes, this is the only way to find your best path forward.
Say you’re choosing between two acceptances at two very similar schools that both meet your criteria and are both located in cities where you’re excited to live. In this case, it really doesn’t matter which one you choose. Going down either path will present a number of opportunities, and since you can’t go wrong, it’s not worth your valuable energy to continue to fret over which school to choose.
But of course, the reason you fret so much over decisions is that you’re worried you’ll make the wrong one. Unfortunately, this is always a risk, and it will sometimes happen. While this may sound like your worst nightmare, it’s actually okay. Making a “wrong” decision is sometimes exactly what you need to determine what you truly want.
Let’s say you are really struggling to choose which specialty to pursue. Of course, begin by doing your research and preparing yourself for the decision, but if you still can’t decide on a specialty, you’re better off choosing any option and committing to it.
Committing to a specialty means you can fully immerse yourself in that world. Launch yourself into the rotation as if it is definitely the specialty you will pursue for the rest of your life. This will give you a real feel for what life will be like as that type of doctor. Commit to the decision, and then pay close attention. Once you’re immersed in the specialty, how does it feel? Does it feel like you made the right decision, or are you now 100% positive that you should choose a different specialty?
You may find out that the path you chose was completely wrong, but sometimes the only way to gain that insight is by choosing to give it a try. Don’t get stuck wasting time considering your options for so long that you don’t have time for the experience.
7 | Don’t Second-Guess Yourself
Once you’ve made a decision, stand by it, at least for the time being. We’re not suggesting that you can’t change your mind. As we mentioned in the previous point, you may learn that the path you went down is not the right one for you.
But be wary of regret. Don’t second-guess yourself at every turn; doing so will only waste your energy and take you out of the experience. This advice can be applied to decisions big and small.
Let’s say you’re at a restaurant and you’re trying to decide between ordering a burger or pasta. You order the burger but then spend the meal believing you should have gone with the pasta. What value does this second-guessing bring to your meal?
Once you choose the burger, commit to the decision so that you can enjoy it. The pasta might’ve been great too, but you chose the burger, and now you get to see what it’s like. If you don’t like it, you’ll know to pick the pasta next time. If you do like it, live in the moment and enjoy it. Don’t ruin the meal wondering about the pasta that might have been.
We can apply this to big decisions like choosing which medical school to attend. Once you commit to an acceptance, buy into it. You’ll be attending that medical school, and that’s truly exciting. Continue to learn more about the campus, where you will live, the types of activities you can participate in, and anything that will excite you about the journey you’re about to go on.
You won’t be doing yourself any favors by continuing to think about all the other schools you might’ve chosen. Stop following those other schools on social media. Don’t try to find out what you’re missing. Lean into the path you’re on in order to get the full experience of it.
Yes, if you find down the road that you absolutely hate the city and program you’re in, you can take steps to make changes, but begin with an open mind. Regret wastes so much of your time and energy—time and energy that could be spent on your studies and enjoying the experience of being in medical school.
Every decision making process must begin with thorough research. The larger the decision, the more research is required. Go beyond online searches. Reach out to people you can trust as well as people who have already taken the path you’re considering.
Use your research to weigh your options. Contrast and compare, and consider the impact of each possible outcome. Take time away from the tough decision so that you can come back to it with a fresh mind and renewed focus.
Next, take it back to your gut feeling. What is your gut telling you? What do you truly feel about each possible outcome? Set aside other people’s feelings and expectations. What do YOU want?
Once you make a decision, commit to that decision. See it out for at least a while so that you can enjoy the experience and actually find out if the path you’re on is right for you. Regret does you no favors; it will completely taint the journey and hinder you from succeeding in your studies.
The journey to becoming a doctor is filled with tough decisions. Put time and effort into your decision making process, but try not to let it consume you. Trust in the process, and trust in yourself, but know that it’s not the end of the world if you choose to change directions down the road.
Need help with your decision making process? Med School Insiders offers one-on-one advising that pairs you with a physician advisor who best fits your specific needs. It’s our goal to help you create a future that aligns with your vision.
We’re dedicated to creating a generation of happier, healthier, and more effective future doctors. We can help you craft an ideal medical school list, provide advice on whether or not a gap year is the best option for you, help you make a residency program selection, and more.
Sign up for our newsletter and follow our blog for the latest lifestyle and productivity strategies, as well as detailed guides on applying to medical school, succeeding as a medical student, and making specialty decisions. Our content library is filled with articles that will help you prepare for every aspect of your medical journey. | <urn:uuid:0acf335c-b2d9-4ce3-9dc8-9585d3781d13> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://medschoolinsiders.com/pre-med/how-to-make-tough-decisions/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.952206 | 3,116 | 2.234375 | 2 |
The race to the bottom pricing we have experienced in food retail is not sustainable for farmers and food producers, and international trade deals opening up the UK to cheap imports will compound the issue.
The Food Price Wars RED Talk discusses how business can profit in a challenging climate, the importance of fair margins and how we educate the public to value food. This talk looks at how to create a thriving farming industry, supported by government, the business community and consumers who understand its value to our health, economy and culture’
Phil, MD of Fourayes, is one of the Round Table Speakers, talking on the subject of ‘Farming and Food Production Perspective’.
Other Round Table Speakers are Sarah Calcutt, Vice Chair Rural Policy Group, Yvonne Forvague, Labour MP for Makerfield and Chair of the All-Party Parliamentary Group for Consumer Protection, Sarah Dodds, Partner & Agriculture Lead at MHA MacIntyre Hudson and farmer’s wife, Vicki Hird Head of Sustainable Farming at Sustain.
Chair of the Rural Policy Group is Mark Lumsdon-Taylor, and Spotlight Speakers include leading chef Rosemary Shrager.
Attend this talk
Join Phil and the rest of the panel on Thursday 3rd December from 10.30am. Register for free here >>
Managing Director of Fourayes, Fruitician and Vice-Chair of British Apples & Pears. | <urn:uuid:eacb6662-a5c7-4787-a621-e18a4d2c1ce2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fourayes.com/phil-redtalk-3rd-dec20/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.926624 | 299 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Halloween is a time of fun and in a good community, things will generally be fine. However, it always pays to take precautions on a cold, dark night when people are running around streets where there are also cars, potholes and ghouls in the backyards.
1. Start safety considerations with the costume:
– Wear highly visible costumes. Bright colors, reflective parts or tape are key elements to ensure that you can be easily seen at night. If you have on a dark costume, add reflective tape, tags or buttons.
– Make sure that you do not wear anything that obscures the vision. Masks are best left for the party back at home. Or, make sure masks have very large eye holes for you to see through clearly.
2. Consider candy capers:
– Stories of poisoned candies and treats abound. Although most accounts of poisoned candy/concealed needles have been proven false, it is always better to be safe than sorry to avoid any villainous urban legend copycat. Be vigilant and keep be safe.
3. Consider health safety:
– Finally, last but not least, consider your health. Teeth, immune systems, body weight and general health are all impacted by too much sugar. Treats should be fun but should not be overdone. Keep a healthy diet. | <urn:uuid:deb75a0b-5788-4257-8832-5f1d89e8b309> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.utica.edu/student-blogs/how-to-have-a-safe-halloween/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.935293 | 272 | 2.296875 | 2 |
An expert witness is a person who has specialized knowledge of a particular subject beyond that of the average person by virtue of his or her education, training, skill or practical experience. Expert witnesses are called upon to provide expert opinions on complex topics that require detailed subject knowledge and can provide context to the facts in a given case or Legionnaires’ claim. Experts are often called upon to provide opinions and testify in depositions and trials in order to present their opinions on specific subjects within the scope of their expertise.
Under the United States’ Federal Rule of Evidence 702 (FRE), an expert witness must be qualified in the subject matter relating to the case being adjudicated. The expert’s testimony must be based on the relevant facts in evidence, and he or she must offer an opinion about the causation or correlation to the evidence when drawing a conclusion.
Experts are important in issues arising from claims of Legionnaires’ disease because, in order for a claim to be verified, four questions need to be answered as conclusively as possible:
- Was the agent responsible for Legionnaires’ disease – the Legionella bacteria – present?
- Was there a route of exposure for the agent, e.g. a water supply or similar conduit, available to reach the claimant?
- Did the agent get into the claimant’s body?
- If the agent did enter the claimant’s body, did it cause a detrimental effect, i.e. Legionnaires’ disease?
The Need for Different Types of Experts
It is easy to understand that for the third and fourth question to be answered, the testimony of a qualified physician is of the utmost importance. An expert witness in this situation should be a respected member of the medical community who deals with the diagnosis and treatment of Legionnaires’ disease. In most cases this expert witness should be also be residency trained and board certified in his or her specialty.
However, unless the first two questions are answered conclusively, the testimony of a medical expert regarding the last two questions is largely irrelevant for the purposes of assigning blame and/or awarding a claim. Therefore, in order to address questions one and two, an expert in the area of infectious diseases, an occupational and environmental physician trained in preventive medicine, or an industrial hygienist must first ascertain and testify that the source of the Legionella infection was indeed present and that a route of exposure existed. So, while physician specialists are usually used as expert witnesses to determine diagnosis and treatment, causation must first be verified by a different type of expert.
Indeed, there have been examples wherein the testimonies of medical experts have not been enough to convince a court that a damage claim for Legionnaires’ disease should be awarded. In one particular case, a trial court deemed that the expert opinions of two microbiologists were insufficient to establish that a property management company had a duty to exercise a “standard of care” in preventing the transmission of Legionella bacteria, even though it was proved that the claimant did, in fact, have the disease. Had the claimant relied upon the expert testimony of a qualified industrial hygienist, for example, the outcome of the case might have been different.
In contrast, some years ago, in Eau Claire, Wisconsin, a trial jury found a Holiday Inn Hotel liable for the death of four people and the illness of 20 others, after an expert witness for the plaintiffs testified that the hotel should have checked its water cooling system – which was discovered to be the transmission conduit for the Legionella bacteria – and thus did not exercise a reasonable “standard of care” for its guests.
In a similar case, a man attending his high school reunion held at a national hotel chain in South Carolina was exposed to the Legionella bacteria and contracted Legionnaires’ disease. An aquatics safety expert was retained to determine if the operation of the hotel hot tub violated the “standard of care,” and was dangerous in a manner that caused the transmission of the bacteria, and thus, the disease. The expert testified that the hotel did, indeed, fail to properly maintain its hot tub by not testing its chemicals on a frequent enough basis to assure that the proper levels of chlorine were being administered.
Claimants who hire expert witnesses to bolster their cases, should always assume that any company or organization that has been accused of exposing the public to the Legionella bacteria, will, in turn, be on the lookout for their own expert witnesses in order to rebut any testimony that a plaintiff may present. In these situations, it will be up to a judge or jury to decide which expert witness to believe.
While expert witnesses may be costly, they are often an essential element of a Legionnaires’ disease claim, since establishing the causal connection between a diagnosis and a the source of the disease is key in determining if a defendant can be held liable.
Pursuing Legionnaires’ Claims
We are ready to assist you in the evaluation, formation and presentation of your Legionnaires’ disease cases, including the engagement of any necessary expert. Please contact us so that we may review your situation and advise you regarding the most appropriate measures to take. | <urn:uuid:a126bac2-0bea-4d5a-88f3-c23c1397cd42> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thelegionnaireslawyer.com/experts-in-a-legionnaires-disease-claim/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.954987 | 1,059 | 3.296875 | 3 |
I received this question:
My daughter is going to be enrolling in Classical Conversations for the very first time, going into Challenge 3 where the class will be completing the last part of Henle 2 and then starting Henle 3. I don’t think she is really going to be ready, and I think it might have been better for her to do the second half of Familia with you this year instead. But she didn’t. So, in your opinion, what is the best way for her to get prepared to jump in and not be too over her head? Should she try to do more Familia over the summer? Or would Visual Latin help her to bridge the grammar gap?
Here is my reply:
I am not sure how to answer this. In my experience, Henle 1 does not prepare students for Henle 2. I am teaching Henle 3 this fall. I am not even sure how to prepare. So far, as best I can tell, Henle 2 will not prepare students for Henle 3.
Years ago, I was leaving education for construction and real estate. I was leaving because of books like Henle Latin. I discovered Lingua Latina and decided to stick around a bit longer. I loved the series then, and I still love it today. It prepares students for almost anything in Latin.
Have her read Lingua Latina over the summer. It will prepare her for the Henle books. It will do a better job than the Henle books.
By the way, I will likely be offering a Lingua Latina review class over the summer if you are interested. | <urn:uuid:621ddb40-3af8-4f26-8ed0-4a0af2d838e8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dwanethomas.com/from-henle-1-to-henle-2-henle-3/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.968505 | 336 | 1.734375 | 2 |
What is Hatha Yoga: Unfortunately, in the western part of the world, if you pronounce the word “yoga”, people think you have to turn yourself around like rubber bands or stand on your head. Yoga is not a form of exercise. The word “yoga” means union. Today, modern science has proven that the whole existence is only energy.
So if all this is energy, why don’t you enjoy it? If you break the boundaries of the illusion that you are separate and begin to experience the oneness of existence, it is yoga. The world’s religions have always talked about God being everywhere. Is it different if you say that God is around or that everything is energy?
The same reality. When it is deducted mathematically, we call it science. If you believe it, we call it religion. If you find a way to get there, we call it yoga. So what is yoga, what is not yoga? There is no such thing.
The Meaning of Hatha Yoga
Hatha yoga has not changed for thousands of years. However, our thinking and feeling about it are there. Language is a powerful thing, and different cultures may have other definitions for the same word. Throughout the evolution of Yoga practice, the same name – Hatha – also refers to different things.
In the popular thought ‘in the West’ (now the most common expression), Hatha Yoga balances body and mind. ‘Ha’ refers to the deep sun and ‘tha’ to the moon. The practice of Hatha Yoga aims to join, yoke or balance these two energies.
A yoga class described as ‘hatha’ usually includes body postures (yoga poses) and breathing techniques. These are typically practiced much slower and with a more stable posture than the Vinyasa flow or Ashtanga class. We describe our Hatha Yoga classes in Befitness Hub.
However, Hatha means ‘power’ and is traditionally defined as ‘yoga of power’ or ‘methods of attaining yoga status through power’. So Hatha Yoga can be considered anything you can do with the body,
- Asana – yoga postures (practised in any style of ‘yoga’)
- Pranayama – breathing techniques
- Mantra – chanting or reciting
- Mudra – hand gestures
- Shatkriyas and Shatkarmas – cleansing techniques
Mark Singleton, the author of ‘Yoga Body’ and a senior research member at the University of SOAS London, spoke at a lecture I attended. He noted; “It simply came to our notice then. It doesn’t matter what one does, isn’t it all normal?”.
How Hatha Yoga is different from other styles?
Hatha Yoga is an ancient yoga practice, with many variations on other modern yoga styles:
- Asanas are placed evenly for 1-5 minutes. Most of the modern techniques are dynamic, and the grip is only brief.
- Metabolism slows down compared to other yoga styles.
- In Hatha, the focus of the asanas is on the internal organs and spine, while in other styles the focus is on the muscle groups and joints.
- The body goes through less wear and tear compared to other styles.
- It requires less oxygen compared to other styles.
- In Hatha, more emphasis is placed on peace of body and mind than movement.
Top Hatha Yoga Books:
There are many books on the subject, but the most popular are:
- Hatha Yoga Pradipika
- Patanjali Yoga Sutras
- Hatha Yoga for Teachers & Practitioners
- Complete Illustrated Book of Yoga
10 Best Hatha Yoga Poses:
There are 84 traditional Hatha Yoga poses. Most Popular Poses:
- Headstand Shirshasana
- Sarvangasana (shoulderstand)
- Halasana Plow Pose
- Matsyasana Fish Pose
- Gomukhasana Cow Face Pose
- Paschimottanasana (seated forward bend pose)
- Bhujangasana Cobra Pose
- Mayurasana Peacock Pose
- Natarajasana Dancer Pose
- Vrikshasana tree pose
Swami Sivananda Hatha Yoga
In per-independence India, the practice of yoga asana was practiced only by monks and nuns. In 1936, Swami Sivananda wanted to make the practice of Hatha Yoga accessible to the general public. Thus they can improve physical and mental health. Swami Sivananda taught a simple yoga asana sequence, popularly known as the ‘Rishikesh sequence’, with relatively short grip and simple postures.
Swami Sivananda developed the five practices of yoga without explaining the profound philosophical aspect of yoga. Together, these points lead to a balanced and yoga lifestyle:
- Proper Exercise: A healthy body is essential for balance in mind. The practice of yoga looks consistent and comfortable; it is the perfect way to work on strength, endurance and flexibility. When practicing according to ancient principles, we simultaneously (equally) balance the nervous system as well.
- Proper breathing: The mind can be controlled through conscious breathing. Therefore, there is a wide range of breathing techniques in yoga. When mastered, the whole breath is effortless.
- Proper relaxation: It is essential to rest the body regularly, allowing it to recover from the effort. Vacation involves not only the body but also the senses.
- Proper diet: Healthy nutrition is essential to provide energy to the body and mind. It should be adequate, but not disturbing or harmful. The yogic diet is mostly vegetarian because it can be prepared without unnecessary violence.
- Positive Thinking and Meditation: The way we think affects our mind. Therefore, the practice of positive thinking and meditation is very important to develop balance in mind.
What to Expect in a Hatha Yoga Class?
While Hatha Yoga is an all-encompassing word, you can still find Hatha-appointed classes for all levels and skills in yoga studios, and you can pick up the title to understand that this is a well-rounded practice, says Rideaux. Compared to fast-paced acrobatics classes and slow-paced, in-depth stretching classes, Hatha Yoga classes are a fun medium, injecting elements from various styles.
“I think Hatha Yoga allows the teacher a little more freedom to play with what they offer in that space,” he says. For example, one Hatha Yoga instructor may suggest unobstructed, but gentle, movement between the asanas. At the same time, another may insist on holding each posture for a few breaths for the next one.
No matter how relaxed or energetic it is, every 60 to 90 minute Hatha Yoga class has a curve similar to your regular one day. When you start your morning with a strong cup of coffee, Hatha Yoga classes begin to lift the body with asanas such as baby pose, cat-cow pose and spinal twists. Keep the body warm and relaxed by sun salutations, forward folds or downward-facing dogs, towards the most challenging posture of the day (think: warrior, tree pose or vice versa).
After hitting that peak, you begin to cool the body and mind with asanas such as sitting forward folds and bound angle pose, eventually ending the procedure with a savasana (corpse pose), Rideaux explains. If you are worried about the idea of having to put your head behind your head or do a handstand vigorously, take a deep breath as those seats are reserved for intermediate and advanced classes, he adds.
As the asanas vary from class to class, breathing will always be emphasized, and the instructor will guide you through each breath, ensuring it is in sync with your movement. Not only does this attachment help to awaken the muscles, but it also acts as a moving meditation for the body, and helps to calm your mind even after you roll your mat, says Rideaux.
“If I can learn to breathe in the challenging forms presented on the mat, all of a sudden it starts to follow me off my mat,” he says. “Next time I’m in a difficult situation in my life. Hopefully, I know how to breathe through it and be with it.
What are the health benefits?
Some research focuses specifically on the benefits of Hatha. However, most of those studies use the term umbrella for Hatha (i.e., focusing on slower pace and alignment) than yoga.
- Less anxiety: The results of the 2016 meta-analysis of 17 studies (501 patients) provide preliminary support for Hatha as a treatment for anxiety.
- Better balance: A small 2014 study involving 34 men found that those who completed a five-month hatha yoga program were able to better their postural control. Based on those results, the teachers conclude that Hatha yoga practice can improve physical balance.
- Fitness improvements: A 2015 study of Chinese adults discovered that a 12-week hatha yoga program positively affected several fitness components, including cardio endurance, muscle strength and endurance, and flexibility.
And beyond these studies, there’s a ton of research on the benefits of Yoga in general, including data that suggests its ability to treat pain, lower BMI and blood pressure, reduce menopausal symptoms, help manage chronic diseases, improve mental health, and more.
It also can impact your endurance. “Yoga makes you very movable and very capable. You get to be strong in not just one direction, but everything you can imagine doing in every direction without tiring,” says co-founder of Strala Yoga Michael Taylor in mbg’s Complete Guide to Yoga class.
Guidelines for your Holistic Hatha Yoga Practices
How can you translate these principles into your Hatha Yoga asanas practice and get the maximum benefits from this ancient science? One of the primary (and sadly often forgotten) principles today is the principle of the sthira sukham asanam. This definition of asana says that an asana is a pose in which you experience comfort and stability in each pose.
It is often said in our modern practices that asanas should be practiced with a goal in mind. We have to be deep in a posture, or we have to fill our balance. But when we understand the ancient science of Hatha Yoga, we know that in all yoga practices we should return to “Sthira Sukham Asanam” or “Asana is a stable and comfortable pose”.
Purpose and Relief:
This simple phrase is about how we should observe our asanas and how we can move on in life. We need to be consistent in our practice and our purpose in our lives and be comfortable with who we are. Yoga can be the greatest gift the world has to offer right now: the opportunity to be at ease with who we are and our place in the world. Balance and compassion can only grow from this place of acceptance.
To achieve comfort and ease in a pose, it is essential to adjust your practice skills. In terms of strength, it means you can gradually increase the loads. This also applies to flexibility. Therefore, each pose has different steps and options. When you hold a pose for a long time, you may move on to the next stage or the next stage of difficulty. It transforms Hatha Yoga into a gradual transformation process.
Ahimsa – the principle of kindness in Hatha Yoga
Philosophical Principles from the Yamas:
Ahimsa, or non-violence, is beautifully reflected in such a transformative practice. You have to be more discriminating with the help you render toward other people. Instead of focusing on the shape and forcing your body into the pose, it is better to make sure your body is still comfortable enough. Practicing patience for a long time can take you to a place where you feel comfortable in a more advanced pose. But remember: this advanced pose is not the goal!
In the end, unlike the image of yoga that dominates today, yoga is not just about poses. Its roots can be found in ancient philosophy, which focuses on self-realization. Correspondingly yoga practice can lead to mental, physical and spiritual balance. Ultimately, Hatha Yoga is a discipline that aims to develop an understanding of the true self. | <urn:uuid:1cd9490c-973f-47d1-9f36-9bb1a71e19d8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://befitnesshub.com/what-is-hatha-yoga/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.938426 | 2,606 | 2.375 | 2 |
Irritability, hot flashes can be attributed to menopause but also thyroid diseases. If you’re a woman on the threshold of forty or fifty years, it’s good to know and the thyroid is affected by physiological changes. May start working differently or may not. The symptoms of menopause and thyroid diseases are quite similar. Thus, it requires particular attention before pinpointing precisely the origin of these disorders.
What is Thyroid?
The thyroid is an endocrine gland that synthesizes and releases hormones. It has a shape very similar to a butterfly. It’s located in the front of the neck at the base of the throat. The thyroid has a vital role in the development of the skeletal and cerebrum. Besides, the thyroid makes an indispensable contribution to the regulation of metabolism. Determining the speed with which the body must work and how to use food to produce energy.
“The main hormones produced by the thyroid gland are thyroxine (T4), 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (T3), and reverse 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (rT3). They are controlled by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) from the anterior pituitary gland.” For correct sintering of these hormones, the thyroid needs common mineral and amino acid, tyrosine and phenylalanine. Muhammad A. Shahid; Muhammad A. Ashraf; Sandeep Sharma
Menopause Symptoms or Thyroid Conditions??
The malfunction of the thyroid glands can start at any age. The risks increase over the years; it’s much more frequent in women than in men. When women approach the age of menopause, the hormones start to drop. This can affect the correct functioning of the thyroid glands. In fact, about 7-8% of pre-menopausal women suffer from it, while it reaches 10-15% after menopause.
Menopause affects thyroid activity as much as thyroid affects menopause. The ovaries and uterus rely on thyroid function to get the thyroid hormones they need to function properly and stay active. The intensity of menopause and perimenopause symptoms strongly depends on the production and availability of the thyroid hormone.
Typically, perimenopausal and menopausal women who suffer from hypothyroidism experience an increase in the different menopause symptoms. They may have vaginal dryness, hair and skin, as well as hot flashes. Reduction of the thyroid gland increases the intensity of menopause symptoms, such as vaginal dryness, hair and skin, as well as hot flashes. The decline of thyroid function increases the severity of menopause symptoms.
Connection Between Menopause and Thyroid Dysfunctions
Some women arrive at the climacteric with a thyroid problem already diagnosed in the past. Others instead manifest the issue during one of the phases of menopause or postmenopausal. Concerning this question, there’re some articles that I’ve read on the subject. If you want to know more, find the links in the references.
Estrogens regulate thyroid function; during menopause, the hormone decrease, which can lead to thyroid disease. “There’s evidence that estrogen may have direct actions in human thyroid cells by ER-dependent mechanisms or not, modulating proliferation and function. ” Normally, these alterations don’t present any change, but in some cases, it can promote pathologies and dysfunction of the thyroid.
Scientific research has shown that “thyroid status doesn’t significantly affect climacteric syndrome; menopause can modify the clinical expression of some thyroid diseases, especially autoimmune ones. Thyroid function isn’t directly involved in the pathogenesis of menopause complications …”
According to research carried out by the Department of Clinical and Molecular Endocrinology and Oncology, the risks of complications increase: “This is evident in conditions of hyper- and hypothyroidism. Although it isn’t yet clear whether the bone changes observed in a state of thyrotoxicosis are related to the lack of TSH or the excess of thyroid hormones, or both. “
Another research is done in 2013 claim that. “Coronary atherosclerosis and osteoporosis may be aggravated in the presence of hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism”.
Most Common Types of Thyroid Dysfunction
Hypothyroidisn is when the thyroid glands don’t produce a sufficient amount of hormones T3 and T4. The thyroid gland becomes “sluggish”, doesn’t provide enough hormones for the proper functioning of the metabolism. Furthermore, people with hypothyroidism have a slow metabolism.
Often, the symptoms are not evident, especially at the beginning. Generally, the most frequent alarm is weight gain. Besides, to get fat, they can have symptoms such as slow digestion, tiredness, sensitivity to cold, constipation, dry skin, weakness, muscle cramps—even alteration of the menstrual cycle, and an immense desire for sugar.
Is the most frequent cause of hyperthyroidism. This pathology is a chronic autoimmune inflammation of the thyroid gland due to antibodies against thyroid cells. Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis is more common in women and is hereditary. It’s also more common in subjects with chromosomal abnormalities.
Hyperthyroidisn is the opposite situation; the thyroxine T4 and T3 produce an excessive amount of hormones; consequently, the thyroid works too quickly. People with hyperthyroidism can develop metabolic disorders associated with weight loss, increased appetite, excessive thirst.
The nodules don’t change the thyroid functions; they’re often benign; however, the nodules can vary. For this reason, periodic control is a best practice. The leading cause is iodine deficiency.
Therapy depends on the type of nodules when they don’t present any disorder; monitoring is sufficient. On the other hand, if the nodules produce excess thyroid hormones, the therapy involves taking drugs. When the nodules are malignant, surgery is necessary to perform partial or total removal of the thyroid gland.
Is it Menopause or Thyroid Dysfunction?
Do you feel tired, suffer from low concentration, hair loss, anxiety or even a hint of depression? Or, on the contrary, do you lose weight? Even if your appetite has increased or suffered from irritability, hot flashes, tachycardia?
The symptoms of thyroid dysfunction are very similar to those of premenopause symptoms, so it’s widespread to overlook the problem. Ailments should not be underestimated.
The most common symptoms are easy tiredness, dry yellowish skin, increased fluid retention, a tendency to gain weight, increased hair loss and the appearance of constipation. If you may notice these problems, it can be useful to check; with a simple laboratory examination, it’s possible to diagnose and start adequate treatment.
How to Treat the Thyroid During Menopause?
Before starting the treatment of hypothyroidism, it’s necessary to analyse the general condition of the subject. These include age, lifestyle and other diseases already present. Particular attention deserves when the woman is in menopause to avoid interference with other ongoing treatments, such as hormonal replacement. Only a doctor will be able to evaluate the entire clinical picture to identify the best medicine.
A balanced diet is an essential component in the life of a human being. You’re what you eat; your diet can prevent and cure any organism disorder but cannot replace medical treatment.
For optimal thyroid function, some foods are essential. Iodine, selenium, iron, zinc, and protein foods will improve thyroid function. As well as in low-fat dairy products such as grana cheese and Greek yoghurt.
The daily iodine requirement is 150mg / g. Iodine is present in crustaceans, sea fish, molluscs, sea salt, cow’s milk, eggs. We can find the protein foods our body needs: lean meat, such as beef, chicken, turkey and lamb in fishes like; tuna, salmon, cod, sardines: Also the legumes lentils, chickpeas, beans, peas, edamame and soybeans.
Selenium is known for the antioxidant properties of molecules called selenoenzymes. Meat, chia seeds, nuts, sunflower seeds, fish and cereals are sources of selenium for the body.
Studies have identified selenium as a component of an enzyme that activates thyroid hormones. “Furthermore, low selenium levels are associated with an increased prevalence of thyroid disease“.
Omega 3 is a category of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids that our body cannot synthesise and must necessarily be taken with the diet. Among the foods that contain Omega 3, we find cod, salmon and tuna, sardine, herring and mackerel, oilseeds, flax seeds, hemp seeds and walnuts.
Foods to Avoid with Hypothyroidism
Doesn’t exist the perfect diet, special for hypothyroidism people. In any case, you can nourish yourself without slow down the thyroid function and increase the benefit from hormone replacement therapy. Underactive thyroid’ people like me should avoid consuming foods that prevent iodine absorption and interfere with hormone replacement.
Here they are:
The cruciferous: Some vegetables such as cabbage belong to the cruciferous family; among those are; cabbage, savoy cabbage, black cabbage, curly cabbage, Brussels sprouts, also broccoli, mustard, radish, arugula and horseradish. The doctor recommends those with thyroid problems should eat them raw or steamed.
Soy: Experts advise limiting the intake or consuming products containing soy. The best method to eat soy is to wait a few hours (at least 4 / h) after taking the hormones. The soy could affect the body’s ability to absorb synthetic thyroid hormones.
Additionally, some foods need careful attention to ensure that you’re not eating a high-gluten variety. It isn’t a problem only for celiacs. In fact, it seems that gluten can irritate the intestine, reducing the absorption of levothyroxine administered as replacement therapy.
Hyperthyroidism and Foods to Be Avoided
If the problem is hyperthyroidism, try to eliminate or reduce all those foods which contain high quantitate of iodine. Among them: fish, seaweed (also as supplements), prawns, crabs, lobster, oysters, sushi and also seaweed used to combat cellulite.
US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, “Thyroid and menopause”, written S. del Ghianda, M. Tonacchera &P. Vitti, available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23998691 (accessed 05 May 2020)
EndocrineWeb “Thyroid Gland Overview”, written by Dr Robert M. Sargis, available at https://www.endocrineweb.com/endocrinology/overview-thyroid, (Accessed 03 May 2020).
British Thyroid Foundation “Thyroid and menopause” available at https://www.btf-thyroid.org/thyroid-and-menopauseb(accessed (Accessed 20 April 2020). | <urn:uuid:521cde12-daa6-41c7-a391-15c02e6c705d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://resourcefulmidlife.com/thyroid-diseases-and-menopause-symptoms/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.908303 | 2,441 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Supporting Sino-German dialogue on the rule of law
Title: Sino-German Legal Cooperation Programme
Commissioned by: Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ)
Lead executing agency: Ministry of Justice (MOJ) of the People’s Republic of China
Overall term: 2022 to 2025
The rapid economic and social change seen in China in recent decades has led to an enormous increase in prosperity, but also to new social tensions and environmental pressures. To develop a fair and environmentally sound economic model, Chinese leaders want to strengthen the structures that underpin the rule of law. Although the Chinese concept of the rule of law differs significantly from European models, China looks to Germany, in particular, when it comes to legal reforms.
This is not just about potential solutions for legislation. In China there are also calls for a German model of coherent, transparent and fair application of the law. Germany, too, has an interest in sharing with China its experience relating to the law, and thus jointly strengthen social structures, environmentally sound structures and those that underpin the rule of law. German companies also benefit when there is greater legal certainty and legal systems are compatible. At the same time, a good understanding of developments around the law in China allow German actors to react better to situations and identify potential for cooperation.
This requires the experts and managers concerned to be familiar with the legal situation in the other country and how the law is applied. The programme creates the necessary framework.
Legal cooperation and mutual understanding of the law between Germany and China has improved.
The legal cooperation programme operates on three levels:
First, dialogue platforms allow the judiciary, administration, parliament and civil society to engage with each other on issues of mutual interest. The prominent legal symposium involving the German and Chinese Ministries of Justice, which provides expert support for the legal programme, is laying important groundwork.
Second, the legal cooperation programme works with pro-reform figures in Chinese legislation and thus contributes principles of the German legal system to important legislative proposals, for example to strengthen legal certainty in the new civil code.
Third, since 2000 the legal programme has trained around 11,000 judges in the methodology of applying the law.
Last updated: May 2022 | <urn:uuid:b90e385b-7f04-4574-bbb4-eba025ba311a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.giz.de/en/worldwide/15590.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.939961 | 463 | 1.9375 | 2 |
Individual right entitling the holder to undertake specific activities (i.e. fishing, hunting), an economic instrument that is to protect species (for population recovery) (Source: draft based on FAOLEX)
Broader: economic instrument
Concept URI: https://www.informea.org/en/terms/licence
In other languages
Follow up the links below to see InforMEA content related to licence coming up from several external sources.
Multilateral environment agreements tagged with licence
You can see below a list of multilateral environment agreements. Use the links on the right to view the content tagged with licence. This includes official treaty texts, decisions, recommendations, and other related informational documents such as publications, annuals, meetings, documents or reports.
|Basel Convention||1 article or paragraph|
|Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora||12 articles and paragraphs|
|Stockholm Convention||1 article or paragraph|
|Montreal Protocol||1 article or paragraph|
|Nagoya Protocol||4 articles and paragraphs|
|Rotterdam Convention||2 articles and paragraphs|
|Dumping Protocol||4 articles and paragraphs|
|Offshore Protocol||7 articles and paragraphs| | <urn:uuid:7f5d318b-8037-4800-b0df-7f6da81e7606> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.informea.org/en/terms/licence | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.742726 | 348 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Chances are you’ve already noticed you don’t hear as well as you once did. Hearing loss often progresses due to decisions you make without realizing they’re impacting your hearing.
Many types of hearing loss are preventable with a few simple lifestyle changes. Let’s explore six surprising secrets that will help you maintain your hearing.
1. Manage your blood pressure
It’s not okay if your blood pressure stays high. A study found individuals with above-average blood pressure are 52% more likely to develop hearing loss, not to mention other health issues.
Prevent damage to your hearing by taking steps to lower your blood pressure. Don’t ignore high blood pressure or wait to see a doctor. Blood pressure management includes proper diet, exercise, stress management, and following your doctor’s orders.
2. Stop smoking
Here’s another reason to quit: Smokers are 15% more likely to develop hearing loss. Even more shocking: Individuals who are regularly exposed to second-hand smoke are 28% more likely to develop hearing problems. Even if you leave the room, smoke lingers for long periods of time with harmful consequences.
If you smoke, protect your hearing and consider quitting. If you spend time with a smoker, take steps to minimize your exposure to second-hand smoke.
3. Keep your diabetes under control
One in four adults is either pre-diabetic or diabetic. A pre-diabetic individual is highly likely to develop diabetes within 5 years unless they make serious lifestyle changes.
High blood sugar damages blood vessels, which makes it very difficult for them to efficiently transport nutrients. A diabetic person is more than twice as likely to experience hearing loss compared to a non-diabetic person.
If you have diabetes, take the steps necessary to properly manage it. If you are at risk of developing type 2 diabetes, protect your hearing by making lifestyle changes to prevent it.
4. Lose some weight
This isn’t about body image or feeling great about yourself. It’s about your health. As your Body Mass Index (BMI) rises, so does your risk of hearing loss and other health conditions. A mildly obese woman (with a 30 to 34 BMI) has a 17% increased risk of developing hearing loss. For a person with a BMI of 40 (moderate obesity), the risk goes up to 25%.
Take steps to shed that extra weight. If you don’t exercise regularly, something as simple as walking for 30 minutes each day can reduce your risk of hearing loss and prolong your life.
5. Don’t overuse OTC medications
Some over-the-counter (OTC) medications can cause hearing loss. The risk increases when these medicines are taken regularly over prolonged periods of time.
Common over-the-counter medicines that affect hearing include aspirin, NSAIDs (such as naproxen, ibuprofen), and acetaminophen. Take these medications sparingly and consult your doctor if you’re taking them regularly.
If you’re taking the recommended dose for the occasional headache, studies indicate you’ll probably be okay. Taking them every day, however, increases the risk of hearing loss by as much as 40% for men.
Always follow your doctor’s orders. But if you’re using these medications each day to manage chronic pain or thin your blood, talk to your doctor about lifestyle changes you can make to reduce your dependence on OTC drugs.
6. Eat more broccoli
Broccoli is packed with iron, in addition to important nutrients such as vitamins C and K. Iron is integral to a healthy heart and proper blood circulation. Iron helps your blood transport nutrients and oxygen to cells to keep them nourished and healthy.
If you’re a vegetarian or eat very little meat, it’s important that you consume enough plant-based iron. You’re more likely to be iron deficient because the iron found in plants is less bioavailable than the iron found in meat.
Pennsylvania State University researchers studied more than 300,000 individuals. The researchers found participants with anemia (severe iron deficiency) were twice as likely to develop sensorineural hearing loss as those without the condition. Sensorineural hearing loss is the scientific name for the permanent hearing loss associated with aging.
The inner ear has tiny hair cells that pick up sounds and communicate with the brain to transmit the volume and frequency of those sounds. If these hair cells die due to poor circulation or other complications arising from iron deficiency, they won’t grow back.
You’re never too young to get your hearing tested by a hearing specialist, so don’t wait until it gets worse. Prevent hearing loss by applying these simple secrets to your daily life. | <urn:uuid:2362577f-df21-4f97-a9b8-17a2053d4cb1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.helpingmehear.com/hearing-loss-articles/six-secrets-to-preventing-hearing-loss/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.934251 | 990 | 2.6875 | 3 |
- Research article
- Open Access
Digital dermatitis in cattle is associated with an excessive innate immune response triggered by the keratinocytes
BMC Veterinary Research volume 9, Article number: 193 (2013)
Digital Dermatitis (DD) is a common disease of dairy cows, the pathogenesis of which is still not clear. This study examined some host responses associated with the typical lesions, in an attempt to further elucidate the pathogenesis of the disease. Twenty four samples representing the 5 different clinical stages of DD (M0-M4) were collected from slaughtered cattle for histopathological and immunological analyses.
Significant increases in total epidermal thickness were found in M2, M3, and M4 when compared with M0 and M1. M3 samples, when compared with M0 and M1, were characterized by a significant increase in the thickness of the keratin layer. Counts of both eosinophils and neutrophils were at a maximum in the M2 stage and decreased in the M3 and M4 stage. A significant increase in IL8 expression was observed in the M2-M3 stages of the disease and immunohistochemical staining showed the source as keratinocytes, suggesting an important role for keratinocyte-derived IL8 in the pathogenesis of DD.
Results of the present study point to a strong stimulation of the innate immune response at the level of the keratinocytes throughout most of the clinical stages, and a delayed response of the adaptive immune reaction.
Digital Dermatitis (DD) is currently one of the main problems of the underfoot in cattle, both because of its high prevalence as well as because of it is painful and leads to significant welfare problems and economic losses for the livestock industry . The disease was first reported in Italy by Cheli and Mortellaro , and has since then been recognized as an universal cause of lameness in cattle in many countries all over the world .
The disease is characterized by a superficial dermatitis of the distal part of the foot. Lesions present as painful, circular or oval erosions and may become granular, strawberry-like or rapidly progress to filiform warts with matted hair . Finally, healing is characterized by the presence of a dry, painless crust tightly adherent to the underlying healthy skin [4, 5]. Lesions are mostly located at the skin bordering the interdigital space on the palmar/plantar aspect of the foot, especially the hind foot, at the skin–horn junction of the heel bulbs or along the coronary band . The skin bordering the dorsal interdigital cleft of the foot may also be involved [6, 7]. In some papers, typical DD lesions are described also in the area of the dewclaws . Döpfer et al. classified clinical DD lesions into five different stages (M0- M4), mainly based on visual inspection of the lesions. M0 represents the normal digital skin without DD lesions; M1, is characterized by an early small pink area of < 2 cm in diameter; M2, is characterized by an acute classical ulcerative lesion >2 cm in diameter; M3, represents the healing stage where the lesion typically is covered by a firm scab; and M4 represents the late chronic stage where the lesion is characterized by dyskeratosis or a proliferative overgrowth or both. Few papers describe the histopathology of DD lesions. Representative lesions are reported to be characterized by a thickening of the epidermis with superficial necrosis and hyperkeratosis, elongation of the rete ridges, and infiltration of neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, and eosinophils in both the epidermal and dermal layers [7, 9]. Until now however, these histopathologic features have not been matched with the clinical staging as described by Döpfer et al. .
Digital dermatitis is considered a multifactorial disease with a strong bacterial component . Best candidate etiological bacterial agents of DD are Treponema spp[11, 12]. Epidemiologic studies indicate the presence of an excessive amount of mud or a generally moist environment as a paramount risk factor , which was recently confirmed in a successful experimental infection model . Dairy cows appear to be at a significantly higher risk in comparison to beef cows, the incidence of the lesions being highest near peak lactation [15, 16]. Although the difference in incidence between dairy versus beef cows may be caused by differences in housing, recent studies suggest differences in susceptibility to be partly based on genetic backgrounds [17–19].
Although the disease is known for almost 40 years and a lot of papers have been dedicated to examining this disease, the exact pathogenesis is still not completely clear . In this context, currently a lot of attention goes towards the reaction of the host in the establishment of the typical lesions, and in this respect the genetic makeup of the afflicted animal has recently been suggested to be of considerable importance .
The main aim of the present study was to histopathologically and immunologically examine representative DD lesions belonging to the different clinical stages (M0-M4), in order to get a better insight into the host response associated with the typical lesions, in an attempt to further elucidate the pathogenesis of the disease.
Samples (n=24) representing the normal (=M0) and four different clinical stages of DD (M1-M4; as Döpfer et al. ) were collected from feet of slaughtered cattle at the slaughter house. The history of the slaughtered cows and collected DD lesions was unknown. Collected samples were taken as soon as possible after slaughter (variation: 1 to 5 hours following slaughter) either from the dorsal skin (n=10) or from the palmar/plantar skin (n=14) bordering the interdigital space. The number of M0, M1, M2, M3, and M4 samples examined was 4, 5, 5, 4, and 6 respectively. Classic full-thickness skin biopsies (2 cm in size) from the DD lesions were taken for both histopathological (10% neutral buffered formalin) and immunological analyses (immediately preserved in liquid nitrogen and subsequently stored at -80°C until RNA was extracted).
Tissue specimens were embedded in paraffin wax, and sections of 5 μm thickness were cut and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and examined by light microscopy. Total epidermal thickness, the keratin layer thickness, and the length of the rete-ridges were measured at 25× or 50× magnification at 10 different randomly selected parts of the lesion (Figure 1). Neutrophils and eosinophils, identified by their morphology under the light microscope, were counted in twenty randomly selected fields at 400× magnification. Cells were counted as proportion of the total cell number in the dermis just underneath and along the basal layer of the epidermis.
Serial paraffin sections were cut at 5 μm thickness and mounted onto APES-coated glass slides. After de-paraffination and rehydration, antigen retrieval was achieved using sodium citrate. Hydrogen peroxide was used to block the endogenous peroxidase activity for 5 minutes. Sections were incubated 30 min at room temperature with anti-hCD3 (rabbit polyclonal, Dako, Glostrup, Denmark) or anti-hCD20 (rabbit polyclonal, Thermo Scientific, Fremont, USA). For detection of IL8, sections were incubated with anti-sheepIL8 (mouse monoclonal, Abcam, Cambridge, UK) overnight at 4°C. Thereafter, slides were incubated with Envision+system-HRP (Dako) for 30 min. Finally, sections were covered with DAB (Dako) for 5 minutes. Counterstaining with hematoxylin was performed and sections were dehydrated and mounted for microscopic examination. Negative control staining was performed by the same procedure except that the primary antibodies were replaced by buffer. For T and B lymphocyte counting, ten random fields at 400x total magnification were taken from each slide stained for CD3 and CD20 respectively. Cells were counted in the dermal area adjacent to the epidermis.
RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis and quantitative Real-time PCR
RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis, and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were performed as described in Mihi et al. . Briefly, Trizol (Invitrogen, Gent, Belgium) was used to extract the total RNA from the homogenized frozen tissue samples. Total RNA was purified using the RNeasy Mini kit (Qiagen, Venlo, The Netherlands) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Thereafter, genomic DNA (gDNA) was removed using RNase-free DNase set (Qiagen, Venlo, The Netherlands). Genomic DNA contamination was checked using intron-spanning primers for Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). Finally, one μg of total RNA was converted to cDNA using the iScript cDNA synthesis kit (Bio-Rad, Nazareth, Belgium), following the manufacturer’s instructions.
Quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the gene expression for the following genes: Chemokine receptor-3 (CCR3); Interleukin-1β (IL-1β); Interleukin-4 (IL4); Interleukin-5 (IL5); Interleukin-6 (IL6); Interleukin-8 (IL8); Interleukin-10 (IL10); Interleukin-13 (IL13); Interleukin-17 (IL17); Interferon γ (IFN-γ); Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β); Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α); and Ribosomal protein large PO (RPLPO). The primers used in the PCR work were designed using the Primer3 software (http://frodo.wi.mit.edu/primer3/) and are shown in Table 1.
Amplification reaction was carried out using the StepOnePlus Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems, Ghent, Belgium) using the SYBR Green Master Mix (Applied Biosystems, Ghent, Belgium). Relative changes in the gene expression of the different tested genes for both the normal and diseased groups were carried out by using the 2-ΔΔCT method . Ct values were transformed into relative quantity (Q value) using the delta Ct method and Q values of the tested genes were normalized against that of a housekeeping gene (RPLPO). Normalized Q values were used in the statistical analysis.
Data were statistically analyzed using GraphPad Prism software. The nonparametric Mann Whitney U test was used to determine variations in the gene expressions between diseased groups versus the normal one. For the histopathological measurements and cell counts, the effect of the clinical stage was investigated using the One Way Anova test. Pair-wise comparisons were made using the Tukey's multiple comparisons test. Results were formulated as (mean ± SEM). Spearman's rank correlation was used to investigate the relationships between the gene expressions, histopathological measures, and cell counts. In all cases, an associated probability (P-value) of < 0.05 was considered significant.
Measurements of total epidermal and keratin layer thickness and rete ridges length
Results show that the thickness of the total epidermis and keratin layer, and the length of the rete ridges increased gradually from M0 up to M3 and subsequently tended to decrease again in the M4 stage (Figure 2). Small focal ulcerative areas were detected both in M2 and M3 stages.
Significant increases in total epidermal thickness were found in M2, M3, and M4 when compared with M0 and M1. M3 samples, when compared with M0 and M1, were characterized by a significant increase in the thickness of the keratin layer. The length of the rete ridges in M3 and M4 was significantly increased in comparison with M0.
Counting immune cells (Eosinophils, Neutrophils, Lymphocytes)
Hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemically stained sections showed a high number of infiltrating immune cells (eosinophils, neutrophils, and lymphocytes) in the reticular dermis (Figures 3 and 2). Numbers of both eosinophils and neutrophils reached a maximum in the M2 stage and subsequently decreased in the M3 and M4 stage. The number of neutrophils measured in the M2 stage was significantly higher than in the M0 stage. High numbers of T lymphocytes were counted in all DD stages including M0 without any significant difference between the different stages. The number of B-lymphocytes was highest in the M4 stage although differences found between the different M stages were not significant.
Quantitative Real-time PCR
The gene expression of 10 cytokines, one chemokine, and one chemokine receptor was measured by Quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) both in the normal as well as in the diseased groups and the results are shown in Table 2. Cytokines included in the analysis were classified into pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL1B, IL6, TNF-α), Th1 type cytokines (IFN-γ), Th2 type cytokines (IL4, IL5, IL13), T regulatory cytokines (IL10, TGF-β) and Th17 type cytokine (IL17). Besides, a chemokine receptor-3 (CCR3) and proinflammatory chemokine (IL8) were also analyzed.
IL1B and IL6 transcription levels were observed to increase, reaching a peak at the M2 stage, without significant differences between the other disease stages. Moreover, a highly significant increase in the transcriptional level for IL8 was observed, with significant increases of 328 and 190 fold at the M2 and M3 stages, respectively. On the other hand, the expression levels for IL10, IL17, and TNF-α did not seem to be affected.
The transcriptional levels for IL4, IL5, IL13, and CCR3 were down-regulated in the diseased versus the control group. The same was true for the transcriptional level of TGF-β, while IFN-γ was not detectable by qRT-PCR.
Immunohistochemical staining for IL8
The highly significant increase in the transcriptional level for IL8 in samples of both M2 and M3 lesions motivated us to examine which cell types were responsible for this increase. Immunohistochemical (IHC) stainings revealed that the viable keratinocytes located in the epidermis and not the cells located in the stratum corneum or dermal cells were the source of the elevated IL8 levels (Figure 4).
The present manuscript describes a study performed to further unravel the pathogenesis of DD in the bovine by examining the inflammatory pattern and the host response in the typical skin lesions that are associated with this painful disease.
On the HE stained sections, small ulcers in between the hypertrophied epidermis areas were detected in both M2 and M3, but not in the other stages. Coupled with the admittedly limited examination of immune cells, these data suggest that blood cells ooze out of the surface via these ulcers, either or not precipitating on the surface, giving rise to the clinical picture of a completely ulcerated lesion, or a lesion covered with a scab, as is the case in M3 according to Döpfer . This suggestion would be consistent with Gomez et al. as they stipulated the existence of either exposure of the stratum spinosum or ulceration of the dermis in lesions referred to as typical DD lesions. Also, previous studies have shown either a total loss of the epidermis with complete ulceration in severe cases , or no ulcerations but only partial loss of the epithelium in M1 and complete loss of the stratum corneum in M2 lesions .
Immunohistochemistry also indicated a trend in T and B cell lymphocyte distribution with the former appearing highest in normal skin and the latter in the most chronic DD stage, but this finding warrants further study. In accordance with previous studies [7–9], we found hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis of the epidermal and keratin layers and elongation of the rete ridges occurred in all diseased groups when compared with the healthy M0 samples. These findings can be attributed to a higher proliferation rate of the keratinocytes due to the acute inflammatory reaction of the skin, without a concomitant increase in differentiation and desquamation. The latter causes the epidermis in the M2 stage to be significantly increased in thickness in comparison with the M0 and M1 stages. Also the healing stage (M3) has a significantly thicker keratin layer in comparison to the M0 and M1 stages. The latter can be attributed to the formation of a firm scab during the healing process which makes the keratin layer thicker in comparison to other DD stages .
Infiltration of different immune cells, mainly neutrophils, eosinophils, and lymphocytes was found in the epidermal and dermal layers of the skin. This observation agrees with previous work [7–9]. The M2 stage was characterized by the highest increase in the number of infiltrating neutrophils and eosinophils. Interestingly, some skin diseases in humans, such as psoriasis, in which the immune reaction of the host is known to play a decisive role in the pathogenesis, are also characterized by a hyperplasia of the epidermis with the infiltration of different immune cells, mainly T lymphocytes and neutrophils .
The study showed for the first time a strong transcriptional upregulation of IL8 in the M2 and M3 stage, identifying keratinocytes as the source of this increased IL8 level.
This chemokine IL8 is known to be produced early in the inflammatory response and has a key role in the recruitment and activity of neutrophils [24, 25]. IL8 is also known to have a stimulatory effect on the migration and proliferation of keratinocytes, which may explain the hyperplasia and thickening of the epidermal layer of the skin. The massive increase of IL8 is considered to be due not only to increased numbers of producing cells, but also to an upregulation of the expression. Previous work on psoriatic patients demonstrated that an elevated IL8 expression plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of this human skin disease [28, 29]. Currently, the role of IL8 in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases in the bovine is receiving considerable attention, since both the existence of divergent IL8 promoter heliotypes as well as polymorphisms of its receptors [31, 32] have recently been demonstrated. This has been shown to significantly influence the susceptibility to infectious disease and the pattern of the concomitant inflammation reaction and clearly also deserves attention in DD.
Main finding of the present histopathologic study of the different clinical stages (M0 to M4) of DD in cattle, was the epidermal hyperplasia being present in all clinical stages. Concomitantly with this hyperplasia, there was a massive upregulation of the expression of IL8 in the keratinocytes which was remarkably obvious in the M2 and M3 clinical stages. The latter points to a strong stimulation of the innate immune response throughout most of the clinical stages and a delayed response of the adaptive immune reaction. Based on similarities with human skin diseases, we think that this finding may contribute to the full elucidation of the pathogenesis of this widespread disease and open the way to new treatment options.
Bruijnis MRN, Hogeveen H, Stassen EN: Assessing economic consequences of foot disorders in dairy cattle using a dynamic stochastic simulation model. J Dairy Sci. 2010, 93: 2419-2432. 10.3168/jds.2009-2721.
Cheli R, Mortellaro CM: La dermatite digitale del bovino. 1974, Milan, Italy: In Int Conf Diseases Cattle, 208-213.
Refaai W, Van Aert M, Abd El-Aal AM, Behery AE, Opsomer G: Infectious diseases causing lameness in cattle with a main emphasis on Digital Dermatitis (Mortellaro disease). Livestock Science. 2013, 156: 53-63. 10.1016/j.livsci.2013.06.004.
Read DH, Walker RL: Papillomatous digital dermatitis footwarts in California dairy cattle, clinical and gross pathologic findings. J Vet Diagn Invest. 1998, 10: 67-76. 10.1177/104063879801000112.
Döpfer D, Holzhauer M, van Boven M: The dynamics of digital dermatitis in populations of dairy cattle: Model-based estimates of transition rates and implications for control. Vet J. 2012, 193: 648-653. 10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.06.047.
Blowey RW, Sharp MW: Digital dermatitis in dairy cattle. Vet Rec. 1988, 122: 505-508. 10.1136/vr.122.21.505.
El-Ghoul W, Shaheed BI: Ulcerative and papillomatous digital dermatitis of the pastern region in dairy cattle, clinical and histopathological studies. Dtsch Tierarzti Wochenschr. 2001, 1085: 216-222.
Döpfer DA, Koopmans FA, Meijer I, Szakall YH, Schukken W, Klee RB, Bosma JL, Cornelisse AJAM, van Asten AAHM, Ter Huurne AAHM: Histological and bacteriological evaluation of digital dermatitis in cattle, with special reference to Spirochaetes and Campylobacter faecalis. Vet Rec. 1997, 140: 620-623. 10.1136/vr.140.24.620.
Cruz CE, Pescador CA, Nakajima Y, Driemeier D: Immunopathological investigations on bovine digital epidermitis. Vet Rec. 2005, 157: 834-840.
Logue D: Understanding bovine digital dermatitis. Vet Rec. 2011, 168: 212-213. 10.1136/vr.d1284.
Nordhoff M, Moter A, Schrank K, Wieler LH: High prevalence of treponemes in bovine digital dermatitis - A molecular epidemiology. Vet Microbiol. 2008, 131: 293-300. 10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.04.019.
Evans NJ, Brown JM, Demirkan I, Murray RD, Vink WD, Blowey RW, Hart CA, Carter SD: Three unique groups of spirochetes isolated from digital dermatitis lesions in UK cattle. Vet Microbiol. 2008, 130: 141-150. 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.12.019.
Rodriguez-Lainz A, Hird DW, Carpenter TE, Read DH: Case–control study of papillomatous digital dermatitis in southern California dairy farms. Prev Vet Med. 1996, 28: 117-131. 10.1016/0167-5877(96)01024-0.
Gomez A, Cook NB, Bernardoni ND, Rieman J, Dusick AF, Hartshorn R, Socha MT, Read DH, Döpfer D: An experimental infection model to induce digital dermatitis infection in cattle. J Dairy Sci. 2012, 95: 1821-1830. 10.3168/jds.2011-4754.
Holzhauer M, Hardenberg C, Bartels CJ, Frankena K: Herd and cow-level prevalence of digital dermatitis in the Netherlands and associated risk factors. J Dairy Sci. 2006, 89: 580-588. 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72121-X.
Brown CC, Kilgo PD, Jacobsen KL: Prevalence of papillomatous digital dermatitis among culled adult cattle in the southeastern United States. Am J Vet Res. 2000, 61: 928-930. 10.2460/ajvr.2000.61.928.
Koenig S, Sharifi AR, Wentrot H, Landmann D, Eise M, Simianer H: Genetic parameters of claw and foot disorders estimated with logistic models. J Dairy Sci. 2005, 889: 3316-3325.
van der Waaij EH, Holzhauer M, Ellen E, Kamphuis C, de Jong G: Genetic parameters for claw disorders in Dutch dairy cattle and correlations with conformation traits. J Dairy Sci. 2005, 88: 3672-3678. 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)73053-8.
Onyiro OM, Andrews LJ, Brotherstone S: Genetic parameters for digital dermatitis and correlations with locomotion, production, fertility traits, and longevity in Holstein-Friesian dairy cows. J Dairy Sci. 2008, 91: 4037-4046. 10.3168/jds.2008-1190.
Scholey RA, Blowey RW, Murray RD, Smith RF, Cameron J, Massey JP, Ollier WE, Carter SD: Investigating host genetic factors in bovine digital dermatitis. Vet Rec. 2012, 171: 624-doi:10.1136/vr.101251
Mihi B, Rinaldi M, Geldhof P: Effect of an Ostertagia ostertagi infection on the transcriptional stability of housekeeping genes in the bovine abomasums. Vet Parasitol. 2011, 181: 354-359. 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.04.009.
Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real time quantitative PCR and the 2-ΔΔCT method. Methods. 2001, 25: 402-408. 10.1006/meth.2001.1262.
Krueger JG, Bowcock A: Psoriasis pathophysiology: current concepts of pathogenesis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2005, 64 (Suppl II): ii30-ii36.
Baggiolini M: Chemokines and leukocyte traffic. Nature. 1998, 392: 565-568. 10.1038/33340.
Mitchell G, Albright B, Caswell J: Effect of interleukin-8 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on priming and activation of bovine neutrophils. Infect Immun. 2003, 71: 1643-1649. 10.1128/IAI.71.4.1643-1649.2003.
Jiang WG, Sanders AJ, Ruge F, Harding KG: Influence of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and IL-8 receptors on the migration of human keratinocytes, the role of PLC-γ and potential clinical implications. Exp Ther Med. 2012, 3: 231-236.
Tuschil A, Lam C, Haslberger A, Lindley I: Interleukin-8 stimulates calcium transients and promotes epidermal cell proliferation. J Invest Dermatol. 1992, 99: 294-298. 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12616634.
Sticherling M, Bornscheuer E, Schroder J-M, Christophers E: Localization of neutrophil-activating peptide-1/interleukin-8-immunoreactivity in normal and psoriatic skin. J Invest Dermatol. 1991, 96: 26-30. 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12514689.
Mirandola P, Gobbi G, Micheloni C, Vaccarezza M, Marcantonio DD, Ruscitti F, Panfilis GD, Vitale M: Hydrogen sulfide inhibits IL-8 expression in human keratinocytes via MAP kinase signaling. Lab Invest. 2011, 91: 1188-1194. 10.1038/labinvest.2011.76.
Meade KM, O’Gorman GM, Narciandi F, MacHugh DE, O’Farrelly C: Functional characterization of bovine interleukin 8 promotor haplotypes in vitro. Mol Immunol. 2012, 50: 108-116. 10.1016/j.molimm.2011.12.011.
Galvao KN, Pighetti GM, Cheong SH, Nydam DV, Gilbert RO: Association between interleukin-8 receptor-α (CXCR1) polymorphism and disease incidence, production, reproduction and survival in Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci. 2011, 94: 2083-2091. 10.3168/jds.2010-3636.
Verbeke J, Piepers S, Peelman L, Van Poucke M, De Vliegher S: Pathogen-group specific association between CXCR1 polymorphisms and subclinical mastitis in dairy heifers. J Dairy Res. 2012, 79: 341-351. 10.1017/S0022029912000349.
The authors thank Dr. Marcel Van Aert for his excellent guidance in identifying the different stages of digital dermatitis in the collected samples from the slaughter house. Christian Puttevils, Delphine Ameye, Sarah Lomans and Astra Dhanijns are acknowledged for their excellent technical assistance.
This study was carried out in the departments of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health and Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Belgium.
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
WR, RD, PG, and GO conceived and coordinated the experiment. WR and GO collected the tissue samples used in the experiment from the slaughterhouse. WR performed the lab work under supervision and guidance of BM, RD, PG and GO. ME conceived the study, participated in its design and helped to draft the manuscript. Results were statistically analyzed and interpreted by the assistance of the whole work team. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
About this article
Cite this article
Refaai, W., Ducatelle, R., Geldhof, P. et al. Digital dermatitis in cattle is associated with an excessive innate immune response triggered by the keratinocytes. BMC Vet Res 9, 193 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-9-193
- Digital dermatitis | <urn:uuid:70c3ac7e-8a63-449f-8659-3c38f8489c0d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1746-6148-9-193 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.915168 | 6,784 | 2.265625 | 2 |
Blastocystis infection in patients presenting with abdominal symptoms at Mbagathi District Hospital and Mama Lucy District Hospital
Background: Blastocystis spp. is the most common enteric parasite that has a global distribution with higher prevalence in developing countries. Kenya being one of the developing countries, there is need to have current epidemiological data regarding the parasite. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence and prevalence of Blastocystis infection in patients presenting with abdominal symptoms at the selected facilities.
Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study design was used to investigate the presence and association between Blastocystis spp. infection and profile of patients presenting with abdominal symptoms at Mbagathi and Mama Lucy Kibaki Hospitals in Nairobi. Stool samples from 249 patients were collected and analyzed at National Public Health Laboratory Services (NPHLS) for presence of Blastocystis infection by wet mount direct microscopy, iodine staining and formal ether sample concentration technique.
Results: prevalence of Blastocystis infection was 12%, with a higher significance in males (53%) than females (47%) (X2 = 4.26, p=0.039, 95% C.I). There was no statistical significance (X2 = 3.36, p= 0.5, 95% C.I) in the distribution of Blastocystis infection by age group. The prevalence of Blastocystis infection was higher in patients of low-income level. No association between eatery and the infection was found (r=-0.194, n=38 and p=0.242, 95% C.I).
Conclusion: The study revealed the presence of Blastocystis infection in the study population and a significant association between gender, symptoms and the infection. Further studies; molecular assays should be employed in generating epidemiological data on the subtypes and clinical significance of this infection. | <urn:uuid:72444927-be84-407a-a96a-3089f78d88e3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ajol.info/index.php/eamj/article/view/192095 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.930814 | 394 | 2.390625 | 2 |
How to conclude an investment agreement?
How to conclude an investment agreement?
We have already repeatedly talked about the profitability of investments in Ukraine, and in this article we will tell you how to invest correctly from a legal point of view.
The agreement between the investor and the customer is drawn up in the form of an investment agreement of the established form in accordance with Article 9 of the Law of Ukraine “On Investment Activity”. In general, this is the main document (there is no investment code in Ukraine), which defines the legal and economic foundations of investment activities in the country. Also, if necessary, you can apply to the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 112 “On approval of the Regulation on the procedure for state registration of agreements (contracts) on joint investment activities with the participation of a foreign investor. Although there are many templates and samples available on the Internet, an investment contract is not a document that you can draw up on your own without the help of a knowledgeable lawyer. However, you should still know its basic postulates.
Who is who?
The customer (founder) is the person leading the project, mainly the head of the enterprise. He is responsible for the funds provided by the investor and for the fulfillment of the obligations stipulated by the investment agreement. The customer is fully responsible for the financial results of the activity.
An investor can be a legal entity or an individual investing its own funds in financing a project. The knowledge and thought invested in the project is also considered an investment. The investor aims to make a profit for his contribution in the form of dividends or a share of the company with or without the right to manage and make decisions.
Expertise is an intellectual component of a project that can be a significant part of a deal. Usually, but not necessarily, the expertise belongs to the client. The profit of the financial investor must be at least twice as high as the profit according to the examination. In Ukraine, it is quite difficult to sell an idea to an investor if the other party does not invest funds, since it is believed that the author of the idea just wants to check its viability for other people’s funds.
What do you need to know?
Before signing an investment agreement, the parties conclude a memorandum or agreement of intent – a written statement of previously reached oral agreements. The memorandum is concluded before a legal entity is created or an investment project is launched. It states who the participants in the project are, their obligations and penalties for the parties. The memorandum is usually not valid in court.
Drafting an investment agreement requires the solid participation of all parties. Moreover, everyone should have their own lawyer who will take care of protecting their interests.
Important conditions of the investment agreement
The terms of the contract must provide for:
- subject of the contract;
- the purpose of entering the partnership;
- conditions of management and decision-making;
- the size and time of receipt of profits;
- the purpose and conditions of admission of new partners;
- entry of additional investors;
- conditions for withdrawal from the partnership.
Together with the investment agreement, there are usually two more binding documents: statutory documents and employment contracts.
The charter or corporate agreement governs the relationship between the parties and defines four main blocks:
- making a decision to increase the authorized capital. In the event of a spontaneous increase in the authorized capital by the customer, the investor can lose almost all of his dividends. This theme is vividly revealed in the social network feature film about Mark Zuckerberg and Facebook;
- making decisions on significant transactions – for amounts from half of the value of the company or its authorized capital. The size of such amounts is fixed;
- distribution of dividends: how much, when and how often the investor makes a profit;
- appointment of the general director and financial manager / chief accountant. The order of who chooses the executors of duties is established, the number of votes required for this, how often, etc.
Employment contracts form the legal basis of the company’s activities. Better is an open-ended employment contract with the most flexible terms. We need one, according to which one of the partners cannot dismiss employees unilaterally. At the same time, he reserves the right to quickly withdraw from the agreement to preserve his interests.
What does an investor get for his contribution?
In addition to direct income in the form of regular or one-time financial payments, an investor can receive a share in a company with or without decision-making power. Some investment projects provide the investor with a profit on a monthly, quarterly or annually short time after investment. Others begin to bear fruit after only a few years, or even decades.
There are also so-called options. For example, when a particularly valuable employee becomes the owner of a share in the company. In this case, a person is introduced to the co-founders or a bonus is prescribed in his employment contract that corresponds to the financial performance of the company.
Types of contracts
Convertible note, or convertible loan. The investor buys the company’s commitment to transfer the shares to him in the future. The essential terms of the contract are the amount of debt, maturity date, conversion terms, valuation limits and interest rate. For the investor, this method is beneficial in that he can get to know the company better, so that later he can decide whether to buy shares or return the loan amount.
For example, Uber has raised $ 1.6 billion in convertible debt from Goldman Sachs. The funding will be in the form of a six-year bond, which will be converted into equity at a 20-30 percent discount for Uber’s IPO valuation.
SAFE (simple agreement for future equity) is a simple agreement for future equity. An investor who provides a startup with funding gets the right to convert his investment into future equity capital. When issuing preferred shares, such an investor receives a share in the capital, often at a discount. Depending on the type of SAFE, it can prescribe the assessed value of the company, the right to a fixed advance discount of 10–20% of the share price or MFN clauses (the investor gets all the benefits that may be provided to other investors in the future).
KISS (keep it simple security). This agreement is very similar to a convertible bond. Interest is charged on the financing amount at a certain rate (usually 4-5%), and a maturity of 18 months is also fixed. After the expiration of the term, the investor can convert the amount of his investments, including interest, into preferred shares of the company. Such an agreement must fix the interest rate, maturity, terms of conversion and measurement limits. The advantage of KISS is the receipt of low-cost financing in a short time frame without lengthy paperwork and negotiations.
Ukraine. Before signing the documents, you need to decide which type of contract will be beneficial. The options available depend on the jurisdiction under which the future contract will be concluded. There are much fewer of them in Ukraine than in the world.
In Ukraine, the following options are possible:
Entering the authorized capital by purchasing shares or stakes in the authorized capital. For example, you invest in the authorized capital of $ 1,000. oh, and you get a 10% share. This is a common investment method in Ukraine. It is convenient, does not need additional tax obligations, provides for transparent relations and provides the investor with the opportunity to legally receive income.
A loan agreement is also a fairly common way to register investments in Ukraine. It is fully included in the legal field and allows you to legally receive income from financing a startup in the form of interest. The only drawback is that the amount of the startup investor’s income at the initial stage is limited by the amount of interest, and if the startup is successful, the investor will not be able to scale his profit from owning a stake in the project.
Joint venture agreement. As a contribution to joint activities, the investor can provide funds, and the company can attract its personnel to work. As a result, each of the parties will have a certain share in the joint activity, for example, with a percentage of 20:80. This option is rarely used, since it has a number of disadvantages, including the need for registration, inconvenient taxation, and the need to further divide not only the company’s profit, but also all intellectual property rights and even existing property.
Starting a good business without outside start-up capital is not an easy task and not everyone can afford it. But finding an investor is only half the battle; you also need to properly interact with him in order to get profit without unnecessary hassle. An investor, however, needs to weigh the pros and cons before risking his own funds, to ensure the ability to control the project during its implementation, and to secure himself as much as possible in terms of making a profit. This is the main thing that you need to know for those who intend to conclude an investment agreement and develop their monetary intelligence. | <urn:uuid:8aef60b7-4eb0-4603-9de8-3e939dd9a49b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://immigration.com.ua/en/how-to-conclude-an-investment-agreement/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.957356 | 1,859 | 1.789063 | 2 |
During family separations emotions run high and parties are often put in difficult situations. When a family member of Ms. W’s approached her home to deliver court documents regarding the separation, she feared for the safety of her and her children and phoned the police. When the police spoke with the individual who had dropped off the documents they explained that they did not have violent intentions and were there to deliver documents only.
Despite not knowing this was the reason for the visit, and having legitimate fears of the individual, Ms. W was charged with public mischief for falsely phoning the police. This only served to increase her fears, as she now worried this incident could be used against her in court regarding the separation. Ms. W contacted Aitken Robertson, and Philip Stiles set her at ease and began building her defence.
Ms. W explained to us that she had legitimate fears of the individual who knocked on her door, and that prompted her to phone the police. She also expressed concern that if she had a criminal record it could impact her career plans; a common concern for those facing a first offence. Our goal was to avoid Ms. W gaining a criminal record and facing sanctions for an offence she had no intent to commit.
From the beginning, the Crown was difficult about negotiating a deal. Ms. W’s lack of a criminal record and for such a minor offence would normally make the Crown at least consider withdrawing the charge for a peace bond. But the Crown Attorney had interacted with Ms. W before and had a negative view of her. This bias made the Crown unwilling to provide leniency for a first offence.
Phil met with the Crown to discuss possible outcomes and the Crown made statements that implied he was unwilling to negotiate due to his experience with Ms. W. Since the Crown was unwilling to act with a blank slate, Phil scheduled a Judicial Pre-Trial to have a judge provide input on the matter. By explaining before a judge that Ms. W had no record and that the Crown was acting out of bias it would be possible to secure a favourable outcome without the Crown’s cooperation.
At the Judicial Pre-Trial the judge agreed with Phil’s position and agreed to an absolute discharge. Ms. W would face no criminal sanctions, such as fines or prison time. While she would have a criminal record showing the offence, it would be automatically removed from her record after one year. The Crown did not agree with the judge’s position, but this was irrelevant. Ms. W paid a small “Victims of Crime Surcharge” and was able to put the incident behind her. | <urn:uuid:50ef5b86-dadf-4679-85f3-fe1ee31caf5a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fightthecharges.com/absolute-discharge-public-mischief/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.985758 | 556 | 1.789063 | 2 |
Professional Studies appears across our courses and steadily prepares our students for the expected and unexpected encounters and experiences of architectural practice and the construction sector. In the BA (Hons) this is addressed through the Humanities strand, that asks about the historic and contemporary role of the architect and considers the manifold tasks that architects undertake. In MArch 1, two studio projects, PS1 and PS2, directly address two of the most salient issues of today, namely housing and building re-use. These projects are directed through the atelier system and engage with all of the statute, policy and guidance involved in designing buildings that are energy efficient, environmentally responsive and ecologically sound whilst considerate of other social and cultural factors informing their development.
In PS3 2019-20, we refocused the brief to respond to new challenges but always facilitating emergent thinking to develop mindsets, skillsets and toolsets through both independent learning and collaboration for collective intelligence, while encouraging a wide range of responses from the traditional to the radical. We began the year with a series of questions and statements to enable the students to understand the diversity of practices associated with the field of architecture.
- Traditional Practice is ‘broke’ (in both senses), how do we fix it?
- The development systems/processes may not be ‘broke’ as they were never actually designed or worked in the first place… How do you analyse and make them ‘better’?
- There is no such thing as a permanent boundary, Architecture is evolving into diverse and specialist roles - how must we prepare?
- What is our Professional Identity?
- How did we get here and where are we going?
- Can you be ‘trans-disciplinary’ if you don’t have a discipline to begin with?
- What are the current/future challenges [problems/opportunities] and how to act on them?
- What is the future and transformative capacities of Architects/Architecturally Trained?
- If change is necessary then from what, to what, and how?
- Value the wisdom of the Architect, not the title - What is out value to client and wider society?
- What are the shapers + barriers of your futures?
- What is your definition of ‘Architectural Production?
We asked the 160 final year MArch students to self-organise into 13 proto-practice groups mixing atelier cultures to create unique synergies in order to focus on enquiry and problem-based learning, evidence-based decision-making and designed solutions to the wicked problems we face. Using existing studio projects, the groups were tasked to produce reports and presentations that considered the effectiveness of Business Management (a vehicle for architectural production), Project Management (the development process) and Group Performance Review. Individual work was founded on these reports and asked for reflections in the form of a Think Piece on future scenarios, a SWOT analysis of career trajectories into scenarios and a letter of advice to future students.
We held a symposium, Achieving Quality in Construction, chaired by Jane Duncan (Past President, RIBA) including architects, clients, estate managers, developers, contractors, manufacturers, approved inspectors, sustainability experts and futurists. We also strengthened our partnership with RIBA by arranging our students' participation with the Guerilla Tactics conference. We embraced networked learning and welcomed 70+ experts from all over the world making manifest communities of inquiry and practice to create a reflective knowledge exchange forum. This enabled the transfer of tacit knowledge through discourse and encouraged the questioning of contemporary and future definitions of professionalism in relation to architecture. In so doing, we acknowledged the ever evolving contemporary fields of dissolving professional boundaries within the rapidly changing disruptive contexts of complexity and contradiction.
We facilitated a dialogue on adaptability between the orthodoxy of conventional architectural production and unorthodox alternatives at both the core and edges of the property, construction and creative industries. We explored diverse current and future forms of practice and engagement including collaboration, association, multi- and inter-disciplinary, systems design, digital fabrication, construction, development and research. We enabled focus on a range of contemporary challenges to architectural production, amongst them were design quality, ethics, value, fees, productivity, conservation, robotics and AI, the internet of things, design for mass assembly, off-site fabrication and the proliferation of data.
All in all, we seek to provide a foundation for a professional career that is underpinned by a capacity to be adaptable, resilient and imaginative in the face of rapidly shifting political, cultural, ecological and economic contexts. | <urn:uuid:ccf7af51-eec7-417b-a623-5556d78d5814> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://msa.ac.uk/2020/masters/professionalstudies/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.941064 | 936 | 1.75 | 2 |
Biochar Now uses custom-designed, patented, slow-pyrolysis kilns to make its biochar. The kiln’s unique multi-zone combustion, airflow, negative pressure and recipe-driven control system allow each kiln to independently produce consistent, high quality biochar.
Beetle-kill and fire-damaged trees or other woody materials are shredded and loaded into the kilns as feedstock.
After the conversion is complete, the kiln is picked up by a wheel loader with a custom gripper and transported to the crushing-screening-bagging workstation. After it’s emptied, it moves to the filling station for a new load of shredded wood before returning to the firing line.
The patented, removable stack assembly was designed to chemically convert smoke and other undesirable emissions into clean air permitted by various state agencies across the United States.
Because Biochar Now’s technology is portable, the company designed the rest of the site with removable utilities and temporary buildings so the entire site can be relocated as needed. | <urn:uuid:bdb697b4-31c2-4676-9a94-e06ddbd72bfe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://biocharnow.com/kiln-based-technology/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.919016 | 218 | 2.09375 | 2 |
America’s “largest curated show featuring orchids” returns to the New York Botanical Garden for its 13th year at the historic Victorian-style Enid A. Haupt Conservatory — both a New York City landmark and a National one as well as the largest of its kind in the country — all right here in our beautiful Bronx.
The Orchid Show: Chandeliers runs from February 28th – April 19th with a special sneak preview for members on Friday, February 27th from 10am – 6pm.
The exhibition , is a departure from the previous exhibitions as this time the splendor of these plants aren’t just confined to the seasonal exhibition wing of the grand greenhouse but will also flow to the other main galleries of the building.
Today we had the pleasure to walk through the show as NYBG staff carefully added finishing touches and also noticed that there was a more modern twist to it with “living” chandeliers of hundreds and thousands of these exquisite, multicolored beauties.
The bright colors throughout the gallery offer a stark contrast to the white, snow-filled background outside the windows of the conservatory lending us a break from the harsh winter we’ve endured along with what seems like never ending snow. (BTW, do NOT just limit yourself to the Conservatory for the entire garden — even during the dead of winter — is alive with beauty just waiting for you to find it!)
Francisca P. Coelho, Vivian and Edward Merrin Vice President for Glasshouses and Exhibitions at NYBG is the show’s designer. Coelho has been at NYBG for three decades now and graduated from Garden’s School of Professional Horticulture.
What’s truly fascinating about Chandeliers is that not only will your visual and olfactory senses be delighted but your thirst for knowledge and creative juices will be well sated as the exhibition, “will explain the extraordinary history and conservation stories of rare and endangered orchids in rain forests of the world, while also offering visitors ideas on how to display their own orchids in creative ways, teaching them how these awe-inspiring chandelier creations are made.”
The New York Botanical Garden in The Bronx is home to over 6,000 orchids of which 2,261 are different types and is considered one of the largest collections of its kind in the world.
And the best part of Chandeliers? It doesn’t simply end with just the exhibition but there is a wide range of programming surrounding the exhibition such as the following (courtesy of NYBG’s Calendar of Events Spring/Summer 2015):
Orchid Care Demonstrations
Saturdays and Sundas 2 & 3PM
Join Sonia Uyterhoeven, Gardner for Public Education, as she discusses the basics of orchid care and how to choose and successfully grow these exotic plants.
Ballroom Dance Performances
Saturdays and Sundays, plus Monday, April 6; 1 & 3PM
Dancers from Ballet Hispanico’s BHdos troup lead audiences through dances such as the waltz, tango, mambo, and cha-cha—each one gorgeously costumed and choreographed. A guided instruction gives you insights on how to master the moves yourself.
Poetry for Every Season
Co-presented with the Poetry Society of America
Deborah Landau, Director of the Creative Writing Department at New York University, curates a collection of verses in the gardens surrounding the Conservatory that celebrates nature and the beauty of the orchid through the work of selected poets.
Saturday, March 7; 2PM
Meet Deborah Landau during an intimate reading that includes selections from her book, Orchidelirium, which won the Anhinga Prize for Poetry.
Saturdays, March 7, 14, 21, 28, April 4, 11, 18; and Friday April 17 6:30PM – 9PM (entry times at 6:30 & 7:30PM)
Enjoy a cocktail while viewing The Orchid Show and its thousands of spectacular flowers. The unforgettable beauty makes for one of New York City’s most romantic date destinations. While taking in the elegance of the show, stop for quick lipstick touch-ups by one of the Guerlain’s famed make-up artists, and indulge in a specialty cocktail inspired by Guerlain’s Orchidée Impériale line.
Non-members $35/Members $25 (Adults 21 and over)
Advance tickets recommended; includes one complimentary beer, wine or cocktail of your choice.
Start the night off with champagne pre-party at Shop in the Garden on select nights from 5:30 to 6:30PM
Flash Photography: The Orchid Show
Wednesday, March 25; 9AM – 3PM
Learn flash photography techniques to capture the beauty of this year’s Orchid Show.
Non-member $119/Member $105
Troubleshooting for Orchids
Saturday, March 28; 10AM – 1PM
This class demystifies orchid care and puts your orchids on the road to blooming again and again.
Non-members $59 / Members $49
The Incredible world of Mini and Micro-miniature Orchids
Saturday, April 11; 10AM – 1PM
Pick up tips and learn to care for these mini marvels
Non-Member $59/Member $49
Make sure to check out more classes over at nybg.org/adulted
The Orchid Show: Chandeliers is made possible by Founding Sponser, The Tiffany & Co Foundation, Major Sponsors, Mr and Mrs Charles M. Royce, and Sponsors Karen Katen Foundation and Guerlain.
Now we wait for the Frida Kahlo Exhibition coming this May. We’ll talk more about that one shortly!
Located at 2900 Southern Boulevard in The Bronx, The New York Botanical Garden is easily accessible by subway, Metro North, buses, and car. Make sure to visit their website at nybg.org for more information or feel free to call 718-817-8700. | <urn:uuid:a8aad216-ced2-4546-aee7-e06bead39a25> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://welcome2thebronx.com/2015/02/26/the-orchid-show-returns-to-the-new-york-botanical-garden/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.930081 | 1,312 | 1.789063 | 2 |
By Deryl S. Lampkin
I. What is SEO?
SEO is search engine optimization. It is a strategy for making your website or blog search engine friendly. Search engine friendly is putting the right things in the right places. In essence, giving the search engine what it wants and having those things in the places the search engine expects to find them.
II. Why is it important?
SEO is important because search engines are the primary way Internet users find what they are looking for on the Internet. Users type in keyword phrases to find information relevant to their search terms. When a site is optimized, it highly increases the chance of being listed on the first page of the Search Engine Results Page (SERP). If your site does not appear in the first 2-3 pages of search results, you will not likely get the benefit of free organic search exposure.
III. Things you as a blogger should do to optimize the structure of your blog
There are various things a blogger should do to optimize their blog structure. The structure of the blog refers to elements of the blog that gives the blog searchabilty and usability.
v Keyword Relevant URL
v Keyword Relevant Page Title
v Keyword Rich Content
v Keyword Relevant h1 Tags for Page Headings and h2 & h3 for Subheadings
v Descriptive Alt Image Text
v Descriptive Keyword Relevant Anchor Text
v Generate XML Sitemaps
v Create Compelling Meta Descriptions
v Use Highly Searched/Low Competition Keywords
v Intuitive Navigation
v Site Map
v Clean Uncluttered Page Layout
v Navigation Buttons at the End of Post
v Sharing Buttons
IV. Things you as a blogger should do to optimize the text content of your blog.
Some of the key factors that optimizes blog content include:
v Keyword Richness
v Using H1 and H2 Keyword relevant tags
v Less is More (Don’t make posts excessively long)
v Limit the Number of Post per Page
v Keep IT Simple (Don’t clutter page with too many options and distractions
v Make posts Interesting and Informative
v Make Anchor Text Descriptive and Keyword Relevant
v Utilize White Space
v Use Short Paragraphs
v Use Images and Text Wrapping
v Inbound Links from Trusted Sites with Link Authority
V. How video, images or other media can help your optimization efforts.
Video is a multimedia format for presenting information. It engages audio and visual senses. It can incorporate music, spoken words, sound effects, images, photos, motion, visual effects, text, and animation. This makes it a powerful way of communicating.
Uploading videos to a video-sharing site like YouTube makes it searchable and accessible to large communities that may not otherwise become aware of your site. Optimization of your video content can link to your site and increase link juice, which can help increase your ranking and generate new visitors to your site.
You can careful craft text to accompany your video. You can optimize things like the video title, tags, content description; include keywords and a transcript of what is being said in the video and it is sharable and the number of views are trackable.
VI. Beyond ‘traditional’ optimization; using social media to enhance your blog SEO
Social media is about community, conversations, and sharing. When people find interesting, entertaining, and useful information on the Internet, they often want to share it with friends, family, and community members. Social media is a great way to expose your brand to relevant communities and connect with social brand evangelists and potential new site visitors and customers.
Engaging in social conversations helps build relationships and brand awareness. It helps a company to get a better feel and understanding of their audience’s needs, interests, and concerns. Having these insights positions a brand to better serve their target market.
Blogging is a critical part of the social media landscape. Blogging is one way to create fresh and engaging content. That content is said to be Search Engine Optimized when that content is relevant, keyword and quality link rich. Social media extends the reach and impact of SEO by giving search engines other media sources beyond text-based content to present to searchers. Therefore, blogging is a very powerful tool for connecting with social communities and pulling in new visitors to your brand website. | <urn:uuid:19f2dd77-79a8-467a-b2c6-c06542b20841> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://the-e-ship.blogspot.com/2011/04/seo-for-bloggers.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.883362 | 939 | 2.21875 | 2 |
We are searching data for your request:
Upon completion, a link will appear to access the found materials.
The head circumference or cranial circumference is the head contour measurement in its largest part. It is measured using a tape measure, which should be placed over the ears and above the eyebrows. Thus, in addition to measurements of weight and height, the head circumference is another of the values to take into account when examining the health status of the newborn.
In subsequent pediatric check-ups, the measurement of the baby's head circumference will be another value to take into account when studying the baby's health status.
A newborn baby has a cranial outline of about about 35 cm. This contour, or perimeter, has the same measurement at birth as the thoracic contour, although the possibility that, in some cases, the cranial circumference is greater than the thoracic one should not be ruled out. This parallelism between both measures is maintained during the first year of age. So by the first birthday, the head circumference of a girl will have a value almost similar to the thoracic one (between 43 and 46 cm, for example).
In the case of men, at one year of age, this relationship begins to change slowly and it will be seen that the thoracic perimeter begins to be greater than the head, a physical aspect that is a characteristic of the male.
When passing through the birth canal, the head circumference can change due to the pressure produced during the passage on the bones of the baby's head. Due to this circumstance, the skull of babies is flexible and is made up of movable, non-welded bone plates that can be assembled together. The gaps or open spaces left by the moving structures of the bones of the head are called fontanelles.
The measurement of the head circumference is part of the routine carried out by the pediatrician at each visit of the baby to verify the healthy development of the child, both at birth and after, usually up to 3 years of age. Sometimes, after birth, the shape of the head can show that the bones have been mounted on each other or, it is possible, that there is some bruise.
To correctly treat these anomalies, there are tables that indicate the mean values and standard deviations. Taking note at each visit to the pediatrician of the value at each moment of growth, a succession of measurements is obtained that will form a curve, which is situated within the standard parameters, which depend on the sex and age of the baby. The continuous measurements on the tables, which express average values, serve as a guide for the pediatrician to detect possible problems related to the size of the baby's head.
Although extreme alterations in the size of the head of babies can be detected early during pregnancy thanks to ultrasound, when the baby has already been born we can speak of microcephaly or macrocephaly.
- Microcephaly: manifests when the baby's head is excessively small. It can be caused by a poor growth rate of the brain, due to genetic disease or malnutrition; to early fusion of the skull bones or poor brain development.
- Macrocephaly: it is an anomaly that, with the development of the baby, generally ends up disappearing. It is common for the baby to have higher head proportions at birth. But if the proportion of the head is excessively large, the cause may be simple macrocephaly (family inheritance) or hydrocephalus, which is caused by the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid. Other causes can be meningitis (inflammation of the brain, membranes and envelopes, as well as the spinal cord), a brain tumor or Canavan disease (inherited disease that causes the degeneration or rupture of nerve cells in the brain).
Although it may seem a joke, most babies are somewhat 'stubborn', because we are born with a head a little larger than the body. Therefore, the "stubborn" baby is not always a cause for concern. In fact, during the first year of life, head circumference growth is accelerated and then slows down. So when they get to your first birthday, 83.6 percent of children already have the head size they will have in adulthood.
You can read more articles similar to The baby's head circumference, in the category of on-site development stages. | <urn:uuid:b2405119-62e0-40b8-99d3-6bc4d6724d41> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://na.zena.today/3651-the-babys-head-circumference.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.946072 | 902 | 3.25 | 3 |
From the archives of Oral Roberts – Second of three parts
Next, to be victorious in the battles of life, choose the right weapons. On that fateful night in the Garden of Gethsemane when Judas led the mob to take Christ, Simon Peter whipped out his sword and cut off the ear of the high priest’s servant. Jesus rebuked Peter and told him to put away his sword. Then He healed the servant’s ear (Matthew 26:50–52; Luke 22:49–51). Jesus was saying, “Peter, a sword is not the right weapon. If you live by force, some day someone’s greater force will destroy you.”
Using physical violence or physical retaliation is not the right weapon. Some people double up their fists to do battle; others fight with their tongues, which can wither an individual. But Jesus said, “If you bring your gift to the altar, and there remember that your brother has something against you, leave your gift there before the altar, and go your way. First be reconciled to your brother, and then come and offer your gift” (Matthew 5:23-24 NKJV). According to God’s Word, even if we are not at fault, we are to go to the person battling us and be reconciled.
The weapons you choose to use should be among the nine gifts of the Spirit that Paul spoke of in 1 Corinthians 12. These gifts are the characteristics and actions of Jesus. They include the gift of the word of wisdom, the word of knowledge, the gift of faith, the gift of healing, the working of miracles, the gift of prophecy, the discerning of spirits, the gift of tongues ― and you have access to them in a Spirit-filled life. They can be a balm for your life when satan is using people to attack you on all sides! | <urn:uuid:22fa614f-6ee5-4d32-8711-22c0c3ae53dd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://richardroberts.org/daily-message/choose-the-right-weapons/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.949204 | 392 | 1.664063 | 2 |
An Introduction to the ARRL Teacher’s Institute on Wireless Technology. Part of ARRL’s educational outreach to schools through our Education & Technology Program, The “TI” an expenses-paid professional development seminar, in locations through the U.S.
The Teachers Institute has provided teachers at all grade levels with tools and strategies to introduce basic electronics, the science of radio, space technology and satellite communications, as well as weather science, introduction to micro-controllers and basic robotics in their classrooms.
The curriculum is designed for motivated teachers and other school staff who want to learn more about wireless technology and bring that knowledge to their students.
Visit http://www.arrl.org/ti for more information and enrollment instructions.
TH-D74 Kenwood Industry’s first*1 portable amateur radio, supporting on both APRS and D-STAR® JVCKENWOOD will release a new high-end 144/430 MHz... Read more
The power delivered is constant on all bands, including the new 60Meter Band, selectable in 4 steps by 250W, 500W, 1000W and 1250W. It has 3 antenna o... Read more
“The numbers parks have been calling out to you automatically since less than the first World War. Given that the issue of operating a numerical... Read more
Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) is inviting proposals from schools, educational organizations, and groups that are willing an... Read more | <urn:uuid:45aa8104-8d0d-468b-a0ab-78ee232bad88> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://qrznow.com/arrl-teachers-institute-overview-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.91579 | 306 | 2.75 | 3 |
Welcome to Ask a Girlboss! It's our weekly advice column where real experts answer your burning career questions. Have a dilemma that needs solving? DM us on Instagram and we'll get right on it.
"How Do I Embrace My Over-Thinking Tendencies at Work?"The expert: Dr. Jacinta M. Jiménez, PsyD, BCC is the award-winning author of The Burnout Fix, a licensed psychologis, a board-certified executive leadership coach and VP of Coach Innovation at BetterUp. Here's what she has to say.
The best way to get ahead of overthinking at work is to proactively train yourself to be able to be aware of what your mind is full of by practicing mindfulness. Your perspective influences everything. If you do not focus on keeping your mind tidy, you will constantly see the world from your own filters, biases, and subjective interpretations. The more you are aware of your thoughts, the more you are conscious, alert, mindful, and informed about what you are actually experiencing. And the more you’re aware of what you’re thinking, the more you will be able to stop your mind from wandering down into an unnecessary haze of exhaustion, stress, and worry. Mindful thinking is the art and science of being aware of your thoughts so that you can select your response to make optimal choices.
Here are three ways to stop overthinking at work:
One powerful way to get around the overthinking trap is to replace concern with curiosity. This practice builds cognitive flexibility and empowers you to see issues from multiple vantage points. Ask yourself:
What thoughts am I having?
Can I trust these thoughts to be true and/or accurate?
What is the evidence for and against these thoughts?
What are other ways to think about this problem?
Another important mechanism to get around over-thinking is choosing compassion over criticism. Through this simple practice of self-compassion, you can counteract your self-critical mind from succumbing to living by double standards and re-channel your thinking to more productive outcomes.
What would I say to a friend who was in this situation and having these thoughts?
One final strategy to help with overthinking is to adjust your perspective and use it to your advantage through leveraging "future-minded leader" thinking practices. Future-minded leadership is about preparing for multiple possible futures along with the roadblocks and setbacks that may occur along the way. This isn’t predicting the future, and it’s more than just having a Plan B. Future-Minded Leaders don't think about the future as a single target on a timeline. Instead, they lean into using their psychological, cognitive, and emotional resources to envision many different future states and possible paths. Future-minded thinking practices can empower you to see the bigger picture and give you more confidence to navigate complexity on the fly. | <urn:uuid:9d51ccbe-8ccb-41a3-b440-0c39a80c9c61> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://girlboss.com/blogs/read/how-to-stop-overthinking-at-work | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.951125 | 597 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Even if you and your bank record everything correctly, your ledger and the bank statement may not match. Deposits and checks don't always clear before your statement goes out. Reconciling the bank statement can correct for that, but reconciliation can go wrong too. The next level of correction is to audit the bank account.
To audit a bank account, gather the bank statement, your accounting ledger and the reconciliation statement for the period you want to review. If the bank statement and the ledger don't agree, the reconciliation document should fix the discrepancy. If the reconciliation statement is wrong, you need to dig further.
Analyzing the Bank Statement
Reconciling your bank statement is less rigorous and demanding than an audit, but it's based on the same principle: You need to know how much cash you have on hand. Reconciliation is a way to spot errors, both yours and the bank's. If you pay for a professional audit, the auditor is going to want a reconciliation statement before they audit the bank account.
Suppose you've just received your March statement from the bank, listing deposits, checks, withdrawals and service charges. Sit down with the statement and your accounting journal and go over them in detail. If there are inconsistencies, note them on the reconciliation statement.
For example, if you wrote a $1,500 check on March 30 and it hadn't cleared the bank when the statement went out, you note the difference on the reconciliation statement. When you finish reconciliation, you should have an explanation for every difference between the figures on the bank statement and the figures in your ledger.
To Audit a Bank Account
You should schedule a regular internal audit of each bank account as well as occasional external audits. Whether internal or external, it should follow audit procedures for deposits and withdrawals.
To audit the bank account for March, say, you need your accounting records, bank statement and reconciliation statement for that month. Go over them and confirm that the reconciliation document captures any differences between the bank statement and the ledger. If there were errors, such as the bank not recording a deposit, confirm they were fixed; if there were deposits or checks that hadn't cleared, see if they cleared later.
If the reconciliation statement bridges the gap between your ledger and the bank's records, you're in good shape. If it doesn't explain all the differences, you'll have to dig deeper to find out why. Sometimes it's simple, like misreading the cutoff date for the bank statement, but other times digging unearths serious problems.
Review Your Bank Procedures
An in-depth audit of a bank account doesn't just look at the dollar totals but also the procedures you use for managing money. Sooner or later, you'll need a professional to audit your procedures for deposits and withdrawals, but reviewing things yourself can bring issues to light.
Among the questions a professional would ask when they audit the bank account:
- Are you reconciling your bank statement regularly or burying it under more urgent paperwork?
- Do you reconcile every bank account? Is every bank account listed in the ledger?
- Do you put a second pair of eyes on the reconciliation?
- Have any bank accounts been opened or closed?
- If you're not running a one-person business, do you divide up the money-managing responsibilities? If the same person makes deposits, records deposits and reconciles the bank statements, that's an opportunity to siphon off money.
- Does the person reconciling the statements know what they're doing? Not everyone is good with figures.
Solving the Problems
If, when you reconcile the statements or audit the bank account, you find inconsistencies that can't be explained, you may have a serious problem. For example, if reconciliation shows an unexplained $3,000 difference between the ledger and the bank statement, you need to figure out the reason:
- There's an error somewhere in the bank statement.
- The reconciliation doesn't cover the same period as the bank statement.
- Someone at the bank or your company is stealing.
It's vital to determine if the problem is criminal or simply sloppy bookkeeping. | <urn:uuid:5ffdab05-1c41-41e0-bcf6-6f800f003fdc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bizfluent.com/how-5942580-audit-bank-accounts.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.943037 | 849 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Orange Shirt Day is a chance for us to engage in open conversation about residential schools
Orange Shirt Day is a day to honour those who survived residential schools and their families, and to acknowledge that Every Child Matters.
It’s a chance for all of us to engage in open conversation about residential schools. It creates opportunities for survivors to share their stories, which is crucial to healing, and to learning. By making space for these discussions to happen, Orange Shirt Day encourages meaningful reconciliation within our community and across Canada.
If you’d like to show your support for Orange Shirt Day, we’ve partnered with the city’s Diversity & Inclusion Network to host a free, online event on Wednesday, Sept 29.
I hope you’ll join us as we embark on this journey of reconciliation together.
If you’d like to learn more about Orange Shirt Day and Canada’s residential schools, the resources below are a great place to start. You can also find a lot of information on our reconciliation page.
Orange Shirt Day
- The Orange Shirt Story by Phyllis Webstad. This true story inspired the movement of Orange Shirt Day.
- Orange Shirt Day explores the historical impact on Indigenous people in order to create champions who will walk a path of reconciliation through Orange Shirt Day, promoting the message that Every Child Matters.
- Orange Shirt Day study guide companion. Readers of Orange Shirt Day will embark on a sacred journey to deepen their understanding of Orange Shirt Day and residential school reconciliation.
- Phyllis's Orange Shirt by Phyllis Webstad. An adaptation of The Orange Shirt Story for ages 4-6.
Memoir, Autobiography and True Stories
- Shattering the Silence: The Hidden History of Indian Residential Schools in Saskatchewan eBook from the University of Regina | <urn:uuid:0d6dee16-c988-49f7-9256-6e2bea6428fe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.reginalibrary.ca/blog/rpl-blog/orange-shirt-day-chance-us-engage-open-conversation-about-residential-schools | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.893851 | 391 | 2.875 | 3 |
CSV File Splitter is a lightweight Windows application which splits huge comma separated values files, allowing further data analysis in Excel with its 1,048,576 row limit.
Using CSV File Splitter you can split data files the following ways:
- Single Excel spreadsheet containing multiple sheets, each sheet containing one million rows
- Multiple separate Excel spreadsheets containing a single sheet, each file containing one million rows
- Smaller data files, each file containing one million rows
Unlike some other packages which split data files, CSV File Splitter doesn’t even require Excel to be installed.
CSV File Splitter is available to download from the Microsoft Store on a 30 day free trial. Or you can purchase a full licence for just £0.99. The trial licence grants full access to the software, and if after 30 days you don’t want to keep using the application, that’s fine.
If you’re not convinced about CSV File Splitter just yet, then please read on…
The latest version of CSV File Splitter contains new functionality called Sheet Mode. This mode allows users to split a large CSV file into a single spreadsheet file containing multiple sheets. Prior to this update, splitting a large file could only create multiple spreadsheet files containing a single sheet. The screenshot to the right gives an idea how a split file will look in Excel.
Rather than rigidly only allowing comma separated values files, there are customisation options in CSV File Splitter allowing you to specify the delimiter. So if you have a tab, space or semi-colon separated (plus any other character) values file, this file format can be processed too.
Easy To Use
Once a file has been selected in the application a preview display allows users to customise the column data types and even exclude selected columns altogether. One key benefit of specifying column data types is that Excel will preserve the data rather than auto formatting it. Very useful if you have numeric data with leading zeroes you don’t want Excel to remove.
The split files created have a maximum limit of 1,000,000 rows per file. This is intentionally lower than Excel’s row limit to afford users the flexibility to add additional rows in Excel as part of their data analysis.
CSV File Splitter has been developed with performance in mind. And we believe it is easier to use and faster than any competing product on the market.
Don’t just take our word for it, head over to the Microsoft Store and get yourself a copy.
Easy To Access
After installation a Windows file association is added. Allowing quick access to open and process .csv, .dat and .txt file types in CSV File Splitter. This takes a way the need to ever go searching for the application.
Not only that. If you find yourself needing to split or convert CSV files regularly, you can also pin the application to the Windows Task Bar.
If you use the free trial and think something is missing from the software, please let us know by contacting email@example.com.
We can’t promise to incorporate all good ideas into the software. But if we like your idea and use it we’ll give you a full licence, absolutely free. Get in touch for more details.
Just in case you missed the download link earlier…
CSV File Splitter is available to download from the Microsoft Store on a 30 day free trial. Or you can purchase a full licence for just £0.99 The trial licence grants full access to the software. And if after 30 days you don’t want to keep using the application, that’s fine. | <urn:uuid:7dd4b6a7-5a76-4c73-b39c-8b01ea172654> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://processstorm.com/csv-file-splitter/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.859764 | 779 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Curtain Hair Is Taking Over – Learn to Style it Yourself!
What is Curtain Hair?
Curtain hair is a medium-long fringed hairstyle that mimics the look of curtains in the way that it hangs down both sides of the face, framing it.
Curtain hair is a term that generally applies to men and is a style that suits both the young and old. In some cases, curtain hair is also known as “E-boy hair”, “comma hair”, and “Korean hair”.
Features: Curtain Hair Throughout the Years
It’s thought that curtain hair originated from the early 1900s, taking the place of the long hair and sideburns that were fashionable during the late 1800s. Curtain proved to be a shorter alternative that was also more practical, as most men to adopt the trend were of the working class or played sports like rugby where long hair was impractical.
Curtain hair made a revival in the 70s and then again in the 90s after fading out in the mid-1900s. In the 90s, curtain hair made a comeback with many male celebrities adopting the trend. Most notably, members of the Backstreet Boys, Tom Cruise, and Keanu Reeves sported this style in the 90s.
The Pandemic is largely to thank for this recent 90’s blast from the past, as people stopped going to the salons, started letting their hair grow, and began embracing their inner Backstreet Boy. The popularity of TikTok and other social media platforms has also caused the hairstyle to gain popularity all at once—in the blink of an eye.
The curtain hairstyle is characterized by a long fringe that’s paired with either a side or middle part and shaved or short sides and back. Curtain hair can be curly, wavy, or straight, and can range in terms of how voluminous it is. In addition, the fringe length can vary from short (roughly eye-brow length) to much longer (chin length).
Who Brought Curtain Hair Back Again?
In addition to the famous names mentioned above, we have various Kpop idols like Junkook from BTS and SuperM to thank for bringing the curtain back, not to mention Chris Hemsworth, Cole Sprouse, Zayn Malik, and Ian Dior.
Variations of Curtain Hair
Curtain hair is a collective name for a group of curtain-like hairstyles. Within this group, there are a number of variations and substyles that you can try, adapt, and customize to fit your unique preferences and tastes. These variations are marked by differing lengths and textures. For example, one style might be short and curly while another is long and straight.
Standard Curtain Hair
The standard curtain hairstyle gives off an air of sophistication and class, as it was popular in the 1900s and is, therefore, very traditional. It’s a relatively short style, with the fringe of the style roughly falling to the eyebrows. Typically, the hair is straight and combed then stuck into a C shape towards the middle of the forehead using a pomade, gel, or wax.
This curtain style looks particularly polished on men with a subtle jawline, as its defined edges and shape bring contrast to the gentle curve of the face.
Alternatively, the C-shape may be left out, with the fringe falling more vertically over the eyebrows and being less defined.
S-Shaped Curtain Hair
The S-shape curtain style is similar to the standard style. The difference is quite simple. While the standard curtain hair style is either straight or curves inward, making a C-shape with the fringe, the S-shape bends in once and then flips out again at the tips. This gives the fringe the “S” shape from which it gets its name. It is recommended to use hard spray or sea salt spray to maintain the iconic S or C shape of this hairstyle.
You can accomplish the S-shape with short or long fringe, and it works well on hair that is both wavy and straight.
Curly Curtain Hair
Having curly hair transforms the standard curtain hairstyle into a unique style all of its own. Men with naturally curly hair can rock this style without too much effort, as it works with their hair’s natural texture. It’s a super easy and versatile style since it requires very little effort and can be worn whether your hair is long or short. It can also be worn whether your hair is wavy or loosely curled, or coiled. You can also apply a little bit of curl or wavy hair styling products to give the shape a longer hold.
When wearing this style, the length of the rest of your hair plays a big part in how it looks. If your hair is longer on the sides and back, your overall hairstyle will look more relaxed and casual, while if your hair is shorter, it will look professional, mature, and be more suitable for the office.
Medium/Long Curtain Hair
Medium/long curtain hair is also commonly known as “grunge hair” because of its high popularity within the 90s, which was known for its grunge style and rock music. This curtain hairstyle is longer than most of the other styles and can be worn with wavy or straight hair.
For this style, the fringe and the rest of the hair are both relatively long, although the fringe is slightly shorter. A hair balm or sea salt spray are great for arranging medium to long curtain hairstyle.
With the recent revival of various 90s trends, we’re seeing an increase in the prevalence of the medium/long curtain hairstyle on men. The lockdowns in place during the Pandemic meant that people were frequenting hair salons less, which naturally means that they started wearing their hair longer. The recent trend toward genderless fashion and styles is another reason long hairstyles are becoming more and more popular. This trend is expected to continue expanding within the next few years.
How To Get Curtain Hair
How To Style Curtain Hair By Yourself
Step 1: Wet Your Hair
While you certainly could do this style with clean hair, it’s not absolutely necessary. Just wet your hair all the way down to the roots before styling.
Step 2: Style Fringe with Blow Dryer
Now we create the base of the curtain style. Towel dry your hair by pressing down on it (not rubbing it!) to remove most of the moisture.
Now we break out the hair dryer. The key point is to divide your hair in the middle while lifting it up as you’re drying the roots to give it shape and volume. Start at the front/middle and slowly move your way back, lifting from the roots as you dry.
Next, you can make a simple part using your hand, touseling it slightly to the sides as you move your fingers to the tips of the hair.
Finally, point the dryer down at the tips of your hair and press the tips to the side of your head with your fingers to finish the base. While your hair is cooling, continue to press the sides of your head to set the shape.
Step 3: Apply Product
Part your hair in the middle to ensure that your fringe is in the correct place. Then, apply a mousse, pomade, or gel to secure the hair in place. Lighter products are good for fine hair while heavier, stickier products are good for thick and coarse hair.
How much product you need to use varies depending on how much fringe you have, the position you want to secure it in, and which product you’re using. A dollop about the size of a US quarter should be enough for curtain hair, but you’ll want to adjust it according to your hair texture. Use enough that your fringe maintains its hold and position when you move your head around, but not so much that it looks dingy and weighed down.
The most recent curtain hair trend is less tight and shiny than the 90s version, creating a more relaxed, casual look. To keep your hair looking freshly styled, we recommend a natural hard wax or matte wax, as opposed to the mousses, gels, and pomades that were popular 25 years ago.
Watch the full video tutorial HERE.
How to Order Curtain Hair at the Salon
When at the salon, you can ask for curtain bangs by telling your stylist that you want low-maintenance bangs that frame your face and stay true to your middle part. Tell your stylist how long you’d like your hair to be, and that you want it the longest at the top with no layers. We won’t tell you “this is absolutely how your hair needs to be,” because it’s not all about the cutting, but the styling. As long as you have some length to work with, anyone can achieve this look.
Curtain hair is a versatile style, whether you are looking to achieve a masculine or genderless look. So now you know all about the most recent wave of curtain hair trends, from the celebs who made it popular, to the different variations, and of course, how to style it yourself. Anyone can give themselves rocking curtain hair with a little motivation and the right hair part. Pick your inspiration, grab a hair dryer and some product, and you’re well on your way to a bangin’ hair day! | <urn:uuid:d0699e6d-6dad-40be-b73b-7a5ac2ec5a81> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gatsby.sg/mens-lifestyle/curtain-hair-for-men/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.950571 | 1,980 | 1.679688 | 2 |
Shift JIS (Shift Japanese Industrial Standards, also SJIS, MIME name Shift_JIS, known as PCK in Solaris contexts) is a character encoding for the Japanese language, originally developed by a Japanese company called ASCII Corporation in conjunction with Microsoft and standardized as JIS X 0208 Appendix 1. By February 2021[update], 0.1% of all web pages used Shift JIS, a decline from 1.3% in July 2014.
|MIME / IANA||Shift_JIS|
|Language(s)||Primarily Japanese, but also supporting English, Russian, Bulgarian, Greek|
|Standard||JIS X 0208:1997 Appendix 1|
|Classification||Extended ISO 646,[a] variable-width encoding, CJK encoding|
|Extends||JIS X 0201 8-bit format|
|Transforms / Encodes||JIS X 0208|
|Succeeded by||Shift_JIS-2004 (JIS)|
Shift JIS is based on character sets defined within JIS standards JIS X 0201:1997 (for the single-byte characters) and JIS X 0208:1997 (for the double-byte characters). The lead bytes for the double-byte characters are "shifted" around the 64 halfwidth katakana characters in the single-byte range 0xA1 to 0xDF. The single-byte characters 0x00 to 0x7F match the ASCII encoding, except for a yen sign (U+00A5) at 0x5C and an overline (U+203E) at 0x7E in place of the ASCII character set's backslash and tilde respectively. The single-byte characters from 0xA1 to 0xDF map to the half-width katakana characters found in JIS X 0201.
HTML written in Shift JIS can still be interpreted to some extent when incorrectly tagged as ASCII, and when the charset tag is in the top of the document itself, since the important start and end of HTML tags and fields, <, >, /, ", &, ; are coded by the same single bytes as in ASCII, and those bytes won't appear in two-byte sequences. Shift JIS is possible to use in string literals in programming languages such as C, but a few things must be taken into consideration. Firstly, that the escape character 0x5C, normally backslash, is the half-width yen sign (¥) in Shift JIS. If the programmer is aware of this, it would be possible to use
printf("ハローワールド¥n"); (where ハローワールド is Hello, world and ¥n is an escape sequence), assuming the I/O system supports Shift JIS output. Secondly, the 0x5C byte will cause problems when it appears as second byte of a two-byte character, because it will be interpreted as an escape sequence, which will mess up the interpretation, unless followed by another 0x5C.
Shift JIS requires an 8-bit clean medium for transmission. It is fully backwards compatible with the legacy JIS X 0201 single-byte encoding, meaning it supports half-width katakana and that any valid JIS X 0201 string is also a valid Shift JIS string. For two-byte characters, however, Shift JIS only guarantees that the first byte will be high bit set (0x80–0xFF); the value of the second byte can be either high or low. Appearance of byte values 0x40–0x7E as second bytes of code words makes reliable Shift JIS detection difficult, because same codes are used for ASCII characters. Since the same byte value can be either first or second byte, string searches are difficult, since simple searches can match the second byte of a character and the first byte of the next, which is not a real character. String search algorithms must be tailor-made for Shift JIS.
On the other hand, the competing 8-bit format EUC-JP, which does not support single-byte halfwidth katakana, allows for a much cleaner and direct conversion to and from JIS X 0208 code points, as all high bit set bytes are parts of a double-byte character and all codes from ASCII range represent single-byte characters.
Unicode also does not have some of the disadvantages of Shift JIS. Unicode does not have ambiguous versions: new characters are assigned to unused places by a single organization while private use areas are clearly designated, will never be used for standard characters, and are rarely needed due to the comprehensive nature of Unicode. For Shift JIS, companies work in parallel. UTF-8-encoded Unicode is backwards compatible with ASCII also for 0x5C, and does not have the string search problem.
For a double-byte JIS sequence , the transformation to the corresponding Shift JIS bytes is:
Many different versions of Shift JIS exist. There are two areas for expansion:
Firstly, JIS X 0208 does not fill the whole 94×94 space encoded for it in Shift JIS, therefore there is room for more characters here – these are really extensions to JIS X 0208 rather than to Shift JIS itself.
Secondly, Shift JIS has more encoding space than is needed for JIS X 0201 and JIS X 0208 (see § Shift JIS byte map below), and this space can and is used for yet more characters.
Windows-932 / Windows-31JEdit
The most popular extension is Windows code page 932 (a CCSID also used for IBM's extension to Shift JIS), which is registered with the IANA as "Windows-31J", separately from Shift JIS. This was popularized by Microsoft, although Microsoft itself does not recognize the Windows-31J name and instead calls that variation "shift_jis". IBM's code page 943 includes the same double-byte codes as Microsoft's code page 932, while IBM's code page 932 includes fewer extensions (excluding those which Microsoft incorporates from NEC), and retains the character order from the 1978 edition of JIS X 0208, rather than implementing the character variant swaps from the 1983 standard.
Windows-31J assigns 0x5C to U+005C REVERSE SOLIDUS (the backslash), and 0x7E to U+007E TILDE, following US-ASCII. However, most localised fonts on Windows display U+005C as a Yen sign for JIS X 0201 compatibility. It includes several extensions, namely "NEC special characters (Row 13), NEC selection of IBM extensions (Rows 89 to 92), and IBM extensions (Rows 115 to 119)", in addition to setting some encoding space aside for end user definition.
Windows codepage 932 is the version used in the W3C/WHATWG encoding standard used by HTML5, which includes the "formerly proprietary extensions from IBM and NEC" from Windows-31J in its table for JIS X 0208, and also treats the label "shift_jis" interchangeably with "windows-31j" with the intent of being "compatible with deployed content".
The version of Shift-JIS originating from the classic Mac OS (known as
x-mac-japanese, Code page 10001 or MacJapanese) assigned the tilde to 0x7E (following US-ASCII, not JIS X 0201 which assigns the overline here), but the Yen sign to 0x5C (as in JIS X 0201 and standard Shift JIS). It also extended JIS X 0201 by assigning the backslash to 0x80 (corresponding to 0x5C in US-ASCII), the non-breaking space to 0xA0, the copyright sign to 0xFD, the trademark symbol to 0xFE and the half-width horizontal ellipsis to 0xFF. It also added extended double byte characters; including 53 vertical presentation forms in the Shift_JIS range 0xEB41–0xED96, at 84 JIS rows down from their canonical forms, and 260 special characters in the Shift_JIS range 0x8540–0x886D. This variant was introduced in KanjiTalk version 7.
However, certain Mac OS typefaces used other variants. Sai Mincho and Chu Gothic use a "PostScript" variant of MacJapanese, which included additional vertical presentation forms and a different set of extended special characters, based on the NEC special characters, some of which were only available in the printer versions of the fonts. Older versions of Maru Gothic and Hon Mincho from System 7.1 encoded vertical presentation forms at 10 (not 84) JIS rows down from their canonical forms, and did not include the special character extensions, this was subsequently changed. The typical variant used with KanjiTalk version 6 placed the vertical presentation forms 10 rows down, and also used the NEC extension layout for row 13.
Shift_JISx0213 and Shift_JIS-2004Edit
|Language(s)||Japanese, Ainu, English, Russian|
|Standard||JIS X 0213|
JIS X 0201 (8-bit)
|Transforms / Encodes||JIS X 0213|
|Preceded by||Shift_JIS (1997)|
The newer JIS X 0213 standard defines an extended variant of Shift_JIS referred to as Shift_JISx0213 (in a previous version of the standard) or Shift_JIS-2004. It is a superset of standard Shift JIS.
In order to represent the allocated rows on both planes of JIS X 0213, Shift_JIS-2004 uses the following method of mapping codepoints.
In the above, is a two-byte Shift_JIS-2004 sequence, is the plane (面, men, surface) number (1 or 2), is the row (区, ku, ward) number (1-94) and is the cell (点, ten, point) number (1-94). The ku and ten numbers are equivalent to and respectively, where is a two-byte JIS sequence referencing a given plane.
The same set of characters can represented by EUC-JIS-2004, the EUC-JP based counterpart.
Some of the additions collide with popular Shift JIS extensions, including Windows codepage 932 which is used in web standards (see above). For example, compare plane 1 row 89 in JIS X 0213 (beginning 硃, 硎, 硏…) to row 89 in the JIS X 0208 variant defined in web standards (beginning 纊, 褜, 鍈…). In addition, some of the characters map to Unicode characters beyond the BMP.
The space with lead bytes 0xF5 to 0xF9 (beyond the region used for JIS X 0208) is used by Japanese mobile phone operators for pictographs for use in E-mail. KDDI goes further and defines hundreds more in the space with lead bytes 0xF3 and 0xF4.
Beyond even this, there have been numerous minor variations made on Shift JIS, with individual characters here and there altered. Most of these extensions and variants have no IANA registration, so there is much scope for confusion, if the extensions are used.
A variant is the one that must be used if wanting to encode Shift JIS in source code strings of C and similar programming languages. This variant doubles the byte 0x5C if it appears as second byte of a two-byte character, but not if it appears as a single "¥" (ASCII: "\") character, because 0x5C is the beginning of an escape sequence. The best way of handling this is a special editor which encodes Shift JIS this way.
Shift JIS byte mapEdit
As defined in JIS X 0208:1997Edit
The chart below gives the detailed meaning of each byte in a stream encoded in standard Shift JIS (conforming to JIS X 0208:1997).
With vendor or JIS X 0213 extensionsEdit
Some of the bytes which are not used for single-byte codes or initial bytes in JIS X 0208:1997 are used by certain extensions, resulting in the layout detailed in the chart below.
- "Character Sets". IANA.
- "convutf8.c". OpenSolaris. Line 305. 2008-11-12.
- "Additional Japanese iconv Modules". What's New in the Solaris 9 9/04 Operating Environment. Oracle Corporation.
- "Historical trends in the usage of character encodings for websites, February 2021". w3techs.com. Retrieved 2021-02-11.
- "Distribution of Character Encodings among websites that use .jp". w3techs.com. Retrieved 2022-07-17.
- "Distribution of Character Encodings among websites that use Japanese". w3techs.com. Retrieved 2022-07-17.
- j1 and j2 are each in the range 33 (0x21) to 126 (0x7e) inclusive (i.e., 7-bit character values excluding control characters (0–31 (0x1f) and 127 (0x7f)) and space)
- "Encoding.WindowsCodePage Property – .NET Framework (current version)". MSDN. Microsoft.
- "Code Page Identifiers". Windows Dev Center. Microsoft.
- "IBM-943 and IBM-932". IBM Knowledge Center. IBM.
- "CP932.TXT". Unicode Consortium.
- "3.1.1 Details of Problems". Problems and Solutions for Unicode and User/Vendor Defined Characters. The Open Group Japan. Archived from the original on 1999-02-03.
- Kaplan, Michael S. (2005-09-17). "When is a backslash not a backslash?".
- Kaplan, Michael S (2007-05-26). "The PUA outside of Unicode". Sorting it all out.
- "5. Indexes (§ Index jis0208)". Encoding Standard. WHATWG.
- "4.2. Names and labels". Encoding Standard. WHATWG.
- "JAPANESE.TXT: Map (external version) from Mac OS Japanese encoding to Unicode 2.1 and later". Apple Computer, Inc.; Unicode Consortium.
- Lunde, Ken (2019-03-21). "A Brief History of Japan's Era Name Ligatures". CJK Type Blog. Adobe Inc.
- "Encoding Variants for MacJapanese". Apple Developer Documentation. Apple.
- Lunde, Ken (2008). "Appendix E: Vendor Character Set Standards" (PDF). CJKV Information Processing. O'Reilly Media. ISBN 9780596514471.
- "JIS X 0213 Code Mapping Tables". x0213.org.
- "JIS X 0213の代表的な符号化方式 § Shift_JIS-2004" (in Japanese). Hexadecimal numbers in the source have been converted to decimal for display.
- Japanese Industrial Standards Committee (2004-04-13). Japanese Graphic Character Set for Information Interchange, Plane 1 (PDF). ITSCJ/IPSJ. ISO-IR-233.
- "Index jis0208 visualization". Encoding Standard. WHATWG.
- "Original Emoji from DoCoMo". FileFormat.info.
- "Original Emoji from KDDI". FileFormat.info.
- Shift-JIS Kanji Table – a table of the non-ASCII part of the codeset
- "Windows Codepage 932". Microsoft. May 1, 2005. Archived from the original on 2008-03-07. – Microsoft's definition
- Forms of Shift-JIS in ICU (International Components for Unicode) | <urn:uuid:04567b10-5208-49b6-a515-adad5c2f922b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shift_JIS | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.833174 | 3,576 | 2.609375 | 3 |
Now Amazon says it’s working with ODMs (original design manufacturers) too. The company has unveiled four new PC designs that feature microphones for far-field voice recognition that can be used to talk to Alexa from across a room.
In other words, companies that want a quick way to bring an Alexa-enabled PC to market can now contract with one of the manufacturers to build a system based on one of these reference designs.
Quanta’s design is for a 14 inch convertible notebook with a full HD display, a fingerprint reader, long battery life, stereo speakers, and 4 digital microphones.
Compal, meanwhile, has a 15.6 inch full HD convertible with a fingerprint reader, IR camera, and stylus support. This model is “built for gaming, multimedia, and Alexa,” suggesting it may have discrete graphics. Like Quanta’s laptop, the Compal design feature stereo speakers and four digital mics.
Wistron has two designs: one is for a 15.6 inch convertible notebook with a full HD display and another is for a 27 inch all-in-one desktop PC with an Ultra HD display and IR sensor. Both of Wistron’s Alexa-enabled computers have four MEMs microphones and stereo speakers.
Since these companies won’t be selling the computers under their own brand names, there’s no word on pricing or availability. But don’t be surprised if you start to see some lookalike Alexa-enabled PCs in the not too distant future. | <urn:uuid:80f004b4-c295-498d-af1d-549b272e707e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://liliputing.com/expect-to-see-more-alexa-enabled-pcs-soon/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.919546 | 319 | 1.554688 | 2 |
“He who observes the wind will not sow, and he who regards the clouds will not reap.”- Ecclesiastes 11:4
Toward the end of Chapter 7 of In a Pit with a Lion on a Snowy Day, Mark Batterson notes hat the English word “opportunity” comes from the Latin phrase ob portu. Before modern harbors were developed, ships needed to wait until the flood tide to make it into port. If the captain and crew missed that window of opportunity when the tide would turn, they would have to wait for the next tide to come in.
Pastor Batterson adds that seizing an opportunity most often feels like swallowing a whale or chasing a lion. Yet, at the end of our lives, it will be the missed opportunities- the “what if” questions- that haunt us. In the business world such missed opportunities are called “opportunity costs”. For example , Howard Schultz once purchased a small chain of Seattle coffee shops for $4 million. Five years later when the stock went public, its market capitalization stood at $273 million. Had Mr. Schultz not purchased Starbucks, he would have had no actual costs. But his opportunity costs would have been staggering.
Over the long haul, opportunity costs always are more damaging than the actual costs. Yes, the author states, there is a time to be prudent and a time to be valiant. It takes tremendous discernment to know the difference.
Today’s question: What opportunities have presented themselves following your vocation loss? Please share.
Tomorrow’s blog: “Don’t pity the fool!” | <urn:uuid:a640d99c-ba61-4a35-b83b-729ac052fbd7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.crownofcompassion.org/2014/03/19/opportunity-costs/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.95006 | 345 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Vodka and coke in peril: Can shortage at Coca-Cola as Smirnoff maker suffers logistics issues
Coca-Cola Europacific follows the likes of Wetherspoons, McDonald's, Greggs and Nando's in facing supply chain problems - while drinks giant Diageo said it had also had to deal with a "challenging" situation.
Thursday 2 September 2021 14:15, UK
The bottling business for Coca-Cola in the UK and Europe has become the latest to come under supply chain pressure as it reported a shortage of aluminium cans.
Coca-Cola Europacific (CCEP) told the PA news agency that it had faced "a number of logistics challenges" recently that also included a squeeze on lorry driver numbers.
It came as the boss of drinks giant Diageo told Sky News that it was also battling global supply chain difficulties related to logistics and shipping, as well as the procurement of packaging materials.
Nik Jhangiani, chief financial officer of CCEP, said: "Supply chain management has become the most important aspect following the pandemic, to ensure we have continuity for customers.
"We are very happy with how we have performed in the circumstances, with service levels higher than a lot of our market competitors.
"There are still logistical challenges and issues though, as with every sector, and the shortage of aluminium cans is a key one for us now, but we are working with customers to successfully manage this."
Mr Jhangiani made the remarks as the company, which operates in Australasia as well as Europe, reported a 61% rise in half-year operating profit, driven by the easing of restrictions in the second quarter of the year.
Supply chain issues have become a major headache for global businesses as consumer demand returns following pandemic lockdowns.
A lack of European workers to fill jobs in sectors such as meat processing is also proving problematic.
Well-known companies including Wetherspoons, Nando's, McDonald's and Greggs have been among those affected by various supply chain issues.
Ivan Menezes, chief executive Diageo - maker of well-known brands including Guinness, Johnnie Walker whisky and Smirnoff vodka - told Sky's Ian King Live it was also facing difficulties.
Mr Menezes said: "It is more challenging... particularly on logistics and shipping round the world and on procuring some of our packaging materials etc.
"However... our team is doing an extraordinary job and we are able to handle it and I expect us to be able to fulfil the global demand for our products over the next few months." | <urn:uuid:c1eed3bd-0f4b-41eb-aaa9-4f14b0413b40> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://news.sky.com/story/coca-cola-bottling-business-reports-shortage-of-aluminium-cans-12397473 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.977265 | 545 | 1.546875 | 2 |
Last Updated on June 7, 2022, by eNotes Editorial. Word Count: 9494
Arrabal, Fernando 1932–
A Moroccan-born French playwright, Arrabal writes in the Theatre of the Absurd tradition. Arrabal attacks in his plays political, theological, linguistic, and psychological restrictions on freedom. A recipient of the Grand Prix du Théâtre, Arrabal is best known for L'Architecte et l'Empereur d'Assyrie. (See also CLC, Vol. 2, and Contemporary Authors, Vols. 9-12, rev. ed.)
[Arrabal's first novel, Baal Babylone,] serves as a good introduction to [his] later work, for it is a semi-autobiographical narrative that gives many insights into the dramatist's not too secret traumas. Writing in a deceptively simple, childlike language, Arrabal sets forth the portrait of a Spanish child at a period perhaps immediately after the Civil War. The child's father is gone, but his presence remains vivid for the boy. The child must cling to his father's memory as a means to escape from his odious, oppressive surroundings. It seems that the boy's mother, a domineering woman possessed with her own martyrdom, has denounced the father to the police "for his own good." The mother is thus the prototype for the gallery of sadistic figures who, in Arrabal's theater, cruelly but joyously destroy what they profess to love. In Baal Babylone the child refuses to surrender to his mother and her voracious demands. The father's memory thus becomes a symbol of deliverance in the smothering atmosphere where a devouring maternal love is sanctified by the duties the state church would impose upon the child. The boy's silent revolt is made manifest when he exposes himself and urinates before a convent grill. Arrabal's theater, in which exhibitionism, chamber pots, and urinations are frequent images, continues this scatological form of revolt, though in a less symbolic manner. For in his theater, Arrabal's revolt becomes a ritual of assault that attacks with unmediated directness.
Guilt, oppression, sadism, childish revolt, erotic fantasies, matricide, all of these fit together to form a surprisingly coherent dramatic world, whatever may be the excesses that Arrabal gives into at times. And since Arrabal published his first play some ten years ago, his work has undergone an evolution that points to a greater understanding of the theater. He began with short plays, such as Orison, Fando et Lis, and Guernica, in which the influences of such writers as Ionesco and Adamov is quite evident. His work has evolved toward more complex spectacles in which ritual and ceremony are used to give more stylized expression to his obsessions. Plays such as Le Grand Cérémonial and Concert dans un oeuf should be viewed as erotic ballets or celebrations into which the spectator should enter for purposes of communion and exorcism. Arrabal has also experimented with "pure" spectacles where a kinetic mise en scène, using motifs from Klee, Mondrian, and Delaunay, becomes an abstract drama. In both his ritual and his abstract works, Arrabal again calls to mind Artaud and his call for a total spectacle…. In 1967, this search for a freer theater culminated in L'Architecte et l'Empereur d'Assyrie. In this play Arrabal attained a synthesis between abstract mime and poetical fantasy, a synthesis which marks his mastery of the stage and perhaps of his personal anxieties. (pp. 174-76)
Baal Babylone's mother-child relation, which might be likened to an inverted Oedipal relationship, is savagely exploited in one of Arrabal's earliest plays, Les Deux Bourreaux (translated as The Executioners). In this work of patent sadism, the mother-martyr not only turns the father over to the police, but she happily watches as he is tortured by two anonymous executioners. To demonstrate her beneficent affection for him, she rubs salt and vinegar into his wounds, which completes this intentional murder of Laius. In Les Deux Bourreaux the mother has two sons, one of whom is a model of filial loyalty toward her. His example points up the rebellion of the ungrateful son who resists his mother's carnivorous affection. Yet the mother is too powerful and convinces the rebel to beg her forgiveness for the unnatural act of turning against maternal love. The father thus disposed of, the mother can retire to enjoy her son's exclusive love.
It would thus appear that an ambivalent Oedipal relationship, although directly portrayed in a relatively limited number of plays, is central to an understanding of Arrabal's fantasies. Two of his later, more developed plays cast more light on the mother-son relation and are worth examining in this respect. The first play, Le Grand Cérémonial, is a bizarre "ceremonial" in which a hunchbacked lover, appropriately named Cavanosa, plays the rôle of the doting yet rebellious son. Cavanosa, a seemingly emasculated lover, first claims to have murdered his mother and then claims to have murdered each night a girl whom he has loved. In fact, it seems that he has been reduced to making love to a collection of life-sized dolls that he beats and fondles with equal relish. Yet if Cavanosa is capable of transferring the erotic relationship he has with his mother, his only gesture of love can be to kill the woman he has taken to bed—the bed being the altar on which he sacrifices to the demands of maternal love. The suggested pattern of homicidal coitus is broken by Sil, a lover who, against her will, escapes death. She is offered to the mother as a slave to be tortured at the mother's pleasure. Such is the price of love in Arrabal's theater, where no amorous affair can be complete without whips and chains, or at least the confining prison of a baby carriage. And a more striking portrayal of a repressed Oedipal development, displaced as it may be, can hardly be imagined. (p. 176)
For Arrabal, then, love, as derived from the mother-son symbiosis, is either a form of bondage of a homicidal activity. Slavery and murder form the two poles of love's dialectic. So it is hardly surprising that sadism, a mediator that reconciles both bondage and destruction, is love's principal manifestation in this theater of violent fantasy…. Arrabal's theater of sadism seems to be a direct reply to Artaud's cry for "a new idea of eroticism and cruelty" in the theater…. The metaphysics of cruelty is at the heart of Arrabal's theater. Metaphysics, as Artaud used the term in its original sense, means a world beyond the world that naturalistic and even lyrical theater had tried to incorporate as stage reality. Theatrical metaphysics is, to recall the language of Arrabal's manifesto, the sublimation of the theater, the "raising up" and the creation of new fantasies that can be celebrated only on the autonomous stage. Thus the theater, seen in this light, seems to be the most natural outlet for Arrabal's obsessions with eroticism and cruelty, obsessions that have led him to the creation of ritual forms that present, in Artuad's sense, a metaphysics of sadism. (pp. 177-78)
A more traditional portrayal of sadism is to be found in Fando et Lis. These two infantile lovers are hopelessly traveling to Tar, an enigmatic land possessing the same degree of reality as Kafka's castle. Lis, a paralytic, rides in a baby carriage pushed by Fando. Fando feels a continual compulsion to put chains on his captive inamorata, and when she complains, he finally beats her to death in a fit of childish rage. He is immediately and uncomprehendingly repentant for his act, but his repentance is quite as meaningless as the murder itself. The dramatic force of Fando et Lis is not in its neo-Kafka statement of absurdity nor in its assault upon the banalities of language and pseudo-logic. Beckett and Ionesco are certainly more convincing than Arrabal in conveying a drama of existential anguish or in conjuring the destructive powers of words. Rather it is in the creation of a closed world of childish sadism and erotic bondage that Arrabal is an original and forceful playwright. The infantile mentality of most of Arrabal's non-heroes allows him to exploit his themes of sadism and violence with a comic sense that would be denied to a theater of more mature protagonists. His retarded characters play at "forbidden games" which mix horror and tenderness in dreamlike proportions. Yet his characters, ideal partners for the Oedipal relationship in this respect, are endowed with very adult sexual powers and lusts.
In spite of their homicidal fury, most of Arrabal's protagonists, as children, retain their innocence, or at least the innocence that non compos mentis confers…. Arrabal's characters often play at being criminals, but, their childish innocence notwithstanding, they are subject to bloody reprisals they cannot hope to grasp.
The obsessive quest for goodness that Arrabal's infantile heroes undertake serves as a counter-motif to their sadism and lusty criminality. Arrabal's retarded lovers feel remotely the need to be good, to stop killing or fornicating, although their search for goodness is usually as senseless a whim as their casual murders. (pp. 178-79)
The desire for goodness in Arrabal's plays is a negative motif that, by its comic futility, points up the blatant cruelty that his characters decidedly prefer. One can also see that the manic quest for goodness in its most puerile form is a part of the obsession with childishness and, hence, a part of the child-parent fantasy that pervades Arrabal's theater. Goodness as a negation is largely equated with repressing erotic desires, which, in turn, must be viewed in light of the infantile fear of sexuality that runs throughout the plays.
For another aspect of Arrabal's dialectic of goodness and sadism is his obsessive fear of the sexual act…. [The] mother-son relation carries with it a fear of defilement that counterbalances his sexual fantasies. Defilement must lead to destruction, as in Le Couronnement (The Coronation), where loss of virginity causes death…. Sadism in Arrabal can quickly become a form of anti-eroticism, however enthusiastically his characters may fornicate in chains. This anti-eroticism is undoubtedly infantile, as are his characters' sadistic antics; it is nonetheless a strong motif as Arrabal's creation of a dramatic tension founded on lustful bondage and sterile destruction. An anti-eroticism grounded in fear establishes one limit to Arrabal's fantasy world.
Just as in Baal Babylone the child's father was an absent presence that weighed upon the child, in Arrabal's theater it is God the Father whose absence is felt everywhere. In Baal Babylone the father represented a source of deliverance. In the theater an inversion occurs, perhaps illustrating another aspect of the ambivalent mother-son relation and, more especially, showing that God the Father, being identified with the mother, becomes the figure against whom it is necessary to revolt. For in the theater God is a stifling force that must be exorcized by various forms of blasphemy. Arrabal's blasphemy is peculiarly Catholic and Spanish…. Arrabal's characters often have a personal hatred of God; yet, their anger with Him is often a result of His refusal to exist. It is difficult to revolt against the absent Father.
While considering the religious motif, special commentary should be given to La Cimetière des voitures. This play has received the most criticism and has been dismissed, on the one hand, for its contrived cleverness and, on the other hand, for the degrading image it presents…. The play does set forth an image of total degradation, but it should also be seen as a mock passion play—one with sociological overtones perhaps. This passion play is another aspect of Arrabal's rebellious parody of religion, but it also seems to be an attempt to portray a religious vision for our time. La Cimetière des voitures is ambiguous, since it is both blasphemous buffoonery and a celebration honoring the dead Father's vestigial presence in the presence of his crucified son.
A final important motif in Arrabal's theater is that of the police state and its arbitrary powers of oppression and torture. Arrabal's experience during the Spanish Civil War is sufficient to explain his obsession with this nightmarish fantasy. In Les Deux Bourreaux, as shown previously, the mother is associated with the executioners in this theater where pointless cruelty receives the sanction of a nameless, omnipotent state. Indeed, for Arrabal the state is defined through its capacity to inflict torture. La Bicyclette du condamné (The Condemned Prisoner's Bicycle) gives a variation on this theme when the lascivious lover Tasia allows another nameless pair of executioners to kill her beloved, her final, characteristic act being to nail him in his coffin. Another play, Le Labyrinthe, shows that Kafka's influence is as much at the heart of Arrabal's vision of universal guilt and condemnation as is Franco's Spain. Resembling a dramatized version of The Trial, Le Labyrinthe is set in a forest of blankets from which a traveler, Etienne, cannot escape. The forest's owner, a father figure possessing absolute power over his domain, chains Etienne to a urinal. In breaking his chains Etienne is brutal to a fellow prisoner who, though nearly paralyzed, hangs himself. Etienne is tried for murder and commits a series of errors that inexorably bring about his condemnation. The play is remarkable for its creation of an atmosphere where innocence, or near innocence, is forced to impeach itself by the relentless logic of arbitrary power. In a comparable fashion, Guernica, a play inspired by Picasso's painting, also depicts a universe founded upon guilt. A nameless officer's stare and the sight of his handcuffs are enough to implicate in guilt those who are helplessly caught in the war's anonymous destruction. Authority, whatever form it may take in Arrabal, is synonymous with gratuitous persecution. The absent father, the possessive mother, and the anonymous state all share this feature.
Arrabal's obsessive fantasies have given rise to a body of work that is among the most promising of the New Theater. With the modernity of a happening and the courage to face the delirium of our times, it may well come to be among the most significant in this second half of the twentieth century. (pp. 180-83)
Allen Thiher, in Modern Drama (copyright © 1970, University of Toronto, Graduate Centre for Study of Drama; with the permission of Modern Drama), May, 1970.
The latest volume of Arrabal's theatre [Théâtre 8] contains what the dramatist calls "Deux opéras paniques," Ars amandi and Dieu tenté par les mathématiques. The juxtaposition of the two appears to be an exercise in antithetical relations.
Ars Amandi belongs to the tradition of haut baroque favored by this most Spanish of self-exiled artists. Since no composer has yet been found for this work, the game of matching a group of musicians, dead and living, to the play proves revealing….
Fridigan, the Parsifal of this mock-ceremony, at once sacred and profane, is embarked on a search for a missing friend, Erasme Marx—the perfect amalgam in name of Renaissance and modern humanism. On his way, the hero encounters the giantess Lys, a Venus in whose garden flower a wide variety of sado-masochistic delights. Two angel-demons, Bana and Ang (could they be body and soul?) attend on this creature who shifts from implacable mistress to victim and martyr. In a gallery of Lys' medieval castle, life-size mannequins briefly enact the myths they represent: the state of childhood (Le Petit Poucet, Pinocchio), nightmarish fears (Frankenstein, Dracula, King Kong), eternal love (Romeo), jealous passion (Othello), primitive nature (Tarzan), thirst for knowledge (Faust), self-sacrificing agape (Christ, Don Quixote). The pantomime plays within the play are forms of initiation. Only by observing the mannequins' interpretation of their own lives or of one another's can Fridigan learn something about the human race, and thus about himself.
When this knight errant first espies Lys she is a gigantic figure covered with swarms of insects (flies? bees?). From the start we feel that Fridigan is torn between fascination and horror at the sight of this Géante turned Charogne. Baudelaire comes to mind, for Fridigan might wish to "Parcourir à loisir ses formes magnifiques," were he not repulsed by the buzzing of batallions of flies. Yet we must keep in mind that Baudelaire's Charogne is strangely sensual as she lies "Les jambes en l'air, comme une femme lubrique," and even alive in the very process of decay.
When Lys is shown next, she is normal-size and engaged in painting a single word from a model. The model says OUI whereas Lys is sketching a large NON on the canvas. Clearly, Fridigan is about to enter an antiworld.
In this universe speech is replaced by singing, but Arrabal makes it eminently clear that this is not a nobler mode of expression. Bana and Ang sing because they stutter when they attempt to speak. Out of politeness, Fridigan imitates them, as Lys does out of charity…. Also, as in Pirandello, appearances are constantly shifting, relations changing. (p. 949)
Could Lys be Spain, or the Spanish people?… If the Spanish motif is emphasized by the projections of Goya's paintings …, other elements indicate that the nationalist aspect is only a minor theme of this opera. It is in fact a poetic recreation of the history of humanity of which man's inhumanity to man is an essential part. This is the significance of the tableaux muets played out by the mannequins whose surrealist groupings mockingly reveal the diversity of man's imaginings. Even in this play within a play the characters do not always play themselves. A Christ-like Fridigan, holding an olive branch, watches this bit of Theatre of the Ridiculous. He is deeply moved, and we are made aware that this moment parallels Parsifal's first introduction to the Fisher-King's court. Like Parsifal, Fridigan is still a fool at this time, and his pity is sentimental self-indulgence.
In the course of the play, the hero will have to come to terms with pain and degradation. A Circe-like Lys will bring him down into the mud where they wallow together. She orders Fridigan to prove his love by accepting vilification…. Erotic bliss is followed by images of death. The scene is set for an operation. Fridigan accepts to receive from Lys a mysterious injection. "Je sais que vous voulez me tuer comme vous avez tué mon ami. Mais j'accepte tout."… Indeed, right after the injection, Fridigan sees his friend Erasme Marx. They are standing against a soft, pink wall. "Where is Lys?" wonders Fridigan, and Erasme answers: "She's with us." Lys is once again the giantess of the opening scene, and the two friends are part of her body.
Now we know that Lys was the All, the cosmos. The insects swarming on her form were human beings. Having traveled through the world and the antiworld, Fridigan, the hero, has learned to give up the rational. Only then can he rejoin the dead humanist, Erasme Marx. Arrabal's Baroque cathedral has turned into a Khmer temple.
Dieu tenté par les mathématiques is an abstract stage-setting written to illustrate the abstract composition of Jean-Yves Bosseur. Bosseur's "musical battle field" is shared by seventeen musicians who are not told what musical instrument each must play. The score indicates only temporal relations loosely connecting visual and sonorous effects. This is a French equivalent of a John Cage-Merce Cunningham happening.
To match the calculated freedom of Bosseur's composition, Arrabal has invented a series of planes, surfaces, spinning objects, skipping rubber balls together with live actors as impersonal as—or perhaps more so than—the acting objects. The result is a fascinating "orchestration théâtrale," as spare as the panic opera is lush. It bears perhaps more novelty for a potential European audience than for Americans who have been exposed to many such manifestations. The same could also be said of the Opera which has little to add to the innovations of the Theatre of the Ridiculous. Arrabal is at his best when his theatricality is less gratuitous, when he deals with a theme which enlists his passions, such as his play about prisoners in one of Franco's jails … Et ils passèrent des menottes aux fleurs. (p. 950)
Rosette C. Lamont, in French Review, April, 1971.
Fernando Arrabal, in describing his more recent theater as a ceremonie "panique" provides a valuable clue for understanding his earlier works. For this young Spanish playwright, who is better known in France than in his own country, theater is a rigorously ordered ceremony wherein it is indispensable that, beneath an apparent disorder, the presentation be a model of precision, in order that the chaotic confusion of life may be reflected with mathematical clarity. Such concern for precision, though achieving its purest expression in the "Théâtre panique," is manifestly evident in a 1958 work, not included in the "panique" and largely ignored by critics, La Bicyclette du Condamné. In this one-act piece, the playwright achieves order within chaos by virtue of a circular structure which encompasses even the stage properties and goes far beyond the paradoxical juxtaposition of love-cruelty, goodness-evil, child-man usually mentioned as basic characteristics of Arrabal's work. (p. 205)
As dramatic structure, the circle is eminently appropriate to contemporary theater, for it aptly parallels modern man's effort to extricate himself from the chaos left by the dissolution of traditional values—a chaos no less terrifying than that confronted by primitive man. The inevitable result of such circular structure, however, is to leave the spectator in a quandary as to those elements which are missing from the circle itself—beginning, middle, end. Therefore, the staged action seems to be devoid of reason for being, of action itself, and of resolution. Thus, in … La Bicyclette du Condamné, the audience is hard put to know: Who is the condemned man? What is his crime? Who has condemned him? What will be the ultimate result of his punishment? Even were the play's elements to be reduced to pure interaction, without recourse to dialogue (as is actually the case in many of this writer's later "panique" works), a distinct circularity would be pervasive, not only as evidenced by the almost countless entrances and exits of personages, but also by all of the stage properties which have such an important function throughout Arrabal's work.
Critics are quick to point out several curious juxtapositions which typify the work of this playwright, among them the childlike mentality of sexually mature individuals, the sadistic cruelty of morally innocent creatures, the castigating actions of the victim. More than merely paradoxical juxta-positions, however, these dichotomies constitute the by-products of a circular structure whose significance lies in the playwright's announced intention to portray with clarity the chaos of man's existence. At times, this structure will define the confused configurations of organized justice and religion, at other times the violent bestiality of love, and at others the inane impersonality of war. Here, in La Bicyclette du Condamné, the structure conveys the inchoate identification between freedom and condemnation. It is by means of a systematic analysis of the circular structure in Arrabal's work that meaning will become clear in this and other pieces which at first glance may appear to be meaningless games. It is also by virtue of understanding this dramatic structure that the critic can avoid the contention that Arrabal is "more a visionary than a dramatist" who should move in the direction of "the creation of a series of ever-moving tableaux," since the static quality does not suit his work. Neither tableaux nor the static are Arrabal's technique, and in his circularity lies one of his claims to originality.
Briefly, in La Bicyclette du Condamné, the action takes place around the piano of Viloro, whose principal goal seems to be to play the C-scale perfectly, despite an unexplained prohibition against his playing by Paso and Two Men. Viloro's efforts, sometimes successful but more often fruitless, are constantly interrupted by the alternating appearances of his beloved Tasla on her bicycle dragging a caged Paso to his torturers and executioners, and of an inexplicably free Paso in the company of Two Men, who subject Viloro to progressively more confining punishments for his transgression of their prohibition against piano-playing. (Never is it suggested that there exists any logical reason for the prohibition nor for Paso's imprisonment and Tasla's inescapable duty to transport condemned men.) Interspersed among these interruptions are erotic episodes where-in Tasla engages in pursuits of and escapes from Paso and the Two Men. The play ends in the death, not of Paso, but of Viloro at the hands of Paso, followed by echoes of the same mocking laughter and piano scales with which the curtain opened (figuratively speaking, since Arrabal's plays seldom open with a curtain). Throughout the action, the spectator has been confronted by first a free Viloro and an apparently imprisoned Paso, then by a free Paso and a confined Viloro, then again by the imprisoned Paso and free Viloro, alternating appearances which recur ad infinitum. Since the play's final scene reproduces in acoustical and symbolic form one of the play's recurrent episodes, the action comes full circle back to what may be termed a beginning in linear structure but is merely one of the cyclic phases in this play's circular structure.
Thus, the essential blocks of action are seen to follow a circular arrangement, since they offer a repetitive rhythm involving apparently condemned individuals…. [The] repetitive pattern is not truly terminated, but rather is brought back to the beginning, where the same question confronts the spectator: Who has been condemned to what? Paso, apparently doomed in the beginning and at significant intervals throughout the play, emerges free of his imprisonment in the end. Viloro, apparently free at the outset and at regular points throughout the play, ultimately replaces the caged man. The implication of the basic problem of the condemned man's identification, then, extends to include the question of freedom, and the circular structure of the work leaves the spectator with the somewhat inconclusive awareness that the burden of freedom is essentially the same kind of punishment as that of condemnation.
Furthermore, within … blocks of action …, equally precise circularity is evident, and it is here that objects and sounds are used to great effect in support of the play's basic structure. As the play opens, Viloro, alone on stage, futilely attempts to pick out a C-scale on his piano, but his efforts evoke only laughter from Two Men behind a wall and then from Paso. This motif of the musical scale, then, with its repetitive return to the beginning, provides the acoustical counterpart of the structure which configures the entire play. In addition, the rhythmic abc pattern of this first sub-block of action (Viloro alone playing scales—appearance of Two Men—appearance of Paso) is repeated after each of Tasla's trips with the caged Paso. Just as Viloro always returns to his piano scales, the action of the play always returns to the isolated Viloro subjected to his tormentors.
This acoustical pattern shows a significant refinement in its relationship to those larger blocks of action wherein Viloro is subjected to progressively more restrictive punishments…. [The] acoustical phase of the play's circular structure echoes the fundamental identification of freedom with condemnation, for it is precisely during his periods of greatest confinement and restriction that Viloro demonstrates his greatest freedom to play the piano as he wishes with the success he strives for, unencumbered by timidity and ridicule.
Objects also carry out the cyclical pattern of the work. In addition to repeated appearances of the bicycle and wheeled cage, whose very construction exhibits circularity and which travel on a circuitous path, Tasla and Viloro exchange the same gifts over and over again—a balloon, a chamber pot, and an infantile song composed first by Viloro and then Tasla. They day-dream in circles, longing for the day when Tasla will be free of carting condemned men around and Viloro will be left in peace to play the piano as much as he likes. Ironically, though, their dreams also include a repetition of their present activities, for Tasla promises to tow Viloro in her cage, and he promises to relieve her on the bicycle occasionally while she sits in the cage. Here again, the inextricable link between Viloro and Paso, freedom and condemnation, is maintained, as it also is suggested in the promise Viloro extracts from Tasla to send him a kiss for every lash applied to Paso in the torture chamber.
Even the bicycle exhibits this same relationship to the freedom-condemnation conundrum, for Tasla somehow is condemned to carry condemned men by means of her bicycle. Yet, as she yearns for the day when she will be free, she dreams in terms of that same bicycle. Similar confusion exists in regard to the cage itself, which in the action of the play is a prison but in Viloro's dream is equated with freedom. Thus, the use of these wheeled conveyances to remove his body following his final punishment is in some way, not only a comdemnation, but a deliverance into the freedom he and Tasla had dreamed of.
The play, then, reflects the human chaos as it pertains to the dilemma of freedom and condemnation, yet that reflection is constructed upon an intricately precise labyrinth of concentric circles extending from purely physical appearances and objects, through acoustical realms, until finally it comprises the very human condition itself. Conspicuously, the dialogue provides little clarification of the play's apparent disorder, and in this regard, Arrabal's insistence upon the precision of the mise en scène becomes more significant, for the result of that negation of dialogue as the tool by which chaos is rigorously ordered into ceremonial clarity is to demand of both audience and critic a strict attention to the non-linguistic structure of this play and all of Arrabal's work. (pp. 205-09)
Beverly J. Delong-Tonelli, in Modern Drama (copyright © 1971, University of Toronto, Graduate Centre for Study of Drama; with the permission of Modern Drama), September, 1971.
"My theatre is not surrealist and is not only realist," declares Fernando Arrabal; "it is realist including the nightmare." Le théâtre panique is the term he prefers for it—the theater of panic—playfully suggesting that Pan is the real muse or deity of the theater and seriously reiterating the Artaudian concept that panic should be one of the primary emotions evoked in an audience.
No one would deny that there are elements of realism, perhaps even of naturalism, in Arrabal's plays. In fact, it is these very elements, and the recognition they elicit, that give to his work that Kafkaesque or nightmarish quality for which it is partly known. In Guernica, for example, his play inspired by the Picasso canvas of the same title, such realistic touches as the old woman's being caught in the water closet, the rubble continuing to cascade about the characters, and the simple, earthy dialogue abut urination and erection contribute immeasurably to the audience's unconscious realisation that Fanchou and Lira are real people who suffer privately and personally from the larger, public gestures of war and oppression.
But that Arrabal's theater is not surrealistic is another matter, and one which bears some looking into.
Surrealism is of course a frame of mind, a way of seeing, and cannot be easily caught in a formula. It has its historical aspects, notably in the Manifestoes of André Breton and in the theories and practice of a number of Breton's friends and associates. But it is also ahistorical, existing, to various degrees, sans definition, in such various places as Alice in Wonderland, The Cherry Orchard, and Mother Courage. The question is not one of Arrabal's claiming to be or not to be a surrealist, but of whether there are significant surrealistic tendencies in his works.
It may hardly be accounted insignificant that two of Arrabal's admitted literary masters, Dostoevsky and Kafka, exhibited certain surrealist characteristics, such as the yoking of the normal and the grotesque; experimentation with moral deviation and its consequences or lack of consequences; fascination with "innocent" characters; derailing straightforward, narrative action in favor of affective studies; and conflation of the dreaming and waking worlds, resulting in a kind of continual nightmarishness. It hardly requires verification to say that these are precisely the points at which Arrabal follows his mentors most devotedly…. [What] he has studied in them are the dissonances and atonalities, the delirium and the wildness, the breaking loose of hell and the subconscious, and the surrealistic bedlam that is a result of these things.
Nor can it be overlooked that the principal theoretician of the kind of theater Arrabal has been interested in, Antonin Artaud, considered himself a surrealist and was, until renounced by Breton, a member of the "official" surrealist group. Artaud wanted a theater where the audience would be disoriented from its world of traditional values and ways of looking at things, where it would be threatened, harassed, and upended until it saw beyond what it commonly called reality to the openness and possibilities of sur-reality. He advocated using words as missiles instead of as symbols, and turning the theater into a den of nonsense and cacophony, so that speech and idea would be no refuge from the swollen realm of dreams and disorder. Lights would be used in a similar fashion, not to create illusion but to shatter it, to leave the audience no place to hide. The audience must be assaulted: else the theater has not been true to its primitive, more traumatic origins. (pp. 210-11)
There is, in addition, a kind of visual quality about Arrabal's scenes that has been characteristic of most surrealist drama since Apollinaire. It is as if many of them, and not in Guernica alone, were fashioned with the Picasso-eye. Few playwrights, outside the movement which included Albert-Birot, Tzara, Cocteau, and Artaud, have made settings so integrally important to the theatrical emotion or experience aimed at in the play. The shambles of Guernica, the blanket-maze, of The Labyrinth, and the broken automobile hulks of The Car Cemetery create images which are surrealist at the same time that they serve important functions. In fact, their being surrealist serves an important function by pitching everything at a level of direct and immediate apprehension, which is a level beyond that normally required by the theater, of mere logic and the manipulation of symbols. Arrabal's scenes do something to the mind through the eye. They achieve the effect of paintings or visual spectacles, and thus appear almost multi-media, though of course they are not.
These indications are sufficient in themselves, it would seem, to dispel Arrabal's protestations that he is not a surrealist. It only remains to be seen how programmatically he follows the concerns of those who formally called themselves surrealists. For that, a more careful demonstration is in order.
(1) The primary emphasis of all the surrealists was on the recovery of man's wholeness through a denial of all traditional systems and methods of logic, and on rejoining the separated spheres of his dreaming and waking states. (pp. 211-12)
By Arrabal's own definition ("realist including the nightmare"), there is something dreamlike or nightmarish about his plays. They respect few rules of logic. Two soldiers from opposing lines meet and dine together with the parents of one of them (Picnic on the Battlefield); a girl's lash-wounds appear and disappear miraculously (The Labyrinth); a man devours the flesh of another man and is suddenly transformed into the other man (The Architect and the Emperor of Assyria); two men need some money to rent a tricycle, cold-bloodedly kill a man to get it, and then don't understand why they are apprehended by the police (The Tricycle). Causality and morality are abrogated. Le rêve éveillé is the order of the day.
(2) Because the sense of definition is not yet so pronounced in childhood, the surrealists tended to glorify the child's stage of life. Like the Dadaists before them, they delighted in playing games, actual children's games, and at behaving with the zaniness of youngsters even in the most public places. (pp. 212-13)
Critics refer repeatedly to Arrabal's childlike stance, as though his characters were innocents in some violated paradise, unable to comprehend their mishaps or destinies. He has spoken of his fealty to Lewis Carroll, and demonstrates certain affinities for that English fantasist. But the childlike perspective from which most of his works are written is primarily a matter of his own personal experience. If there is something infantile about the characters in Orison, The Tricycle, The Condemned Man's Bicycle, and all of his other plays, it is because Arrabal himself refuses to look at the world through the eyes of an adult. It is a matter of rebellion. He does not accept the world as seen and fashioned by adults….
Most of Arrabal's characters have childish, unsophisticated minds. Although the world they inhabit is an adult's world, their reaction to everything is spontaneous and unpredictable. Emanou, the strangely incompetent Christ-figure of The Car Cemetery, performs a child's acts—stealing roasted almonds, memorizing nonsensical aphorisms, and playing his trumpet—and is totally incapable of comprehending why the police are after him. (p. 213)
Games are important too. The Coronation, with a character named Arlys who is an obvious reincarnation of Alice from the looking-glass stories, is full of various kinds of games and tricks, especially card games….
Implicit in this is a significance which Gershman did not attribute to games, namely that they provide occasions for subverting and circumventing the barriers of the conscious mind, so that the hidden self erupts into view…. It is probable that the surrealists intuitively turned to games for a similar purpose—to eliminate the false boundaries between the divided spheres of human reality.
(3) One game invented by children, according to the surrealist, is language. It presumably began with nonsense syllables and random syntax, as most children go through periods when they simply "bubble" language for the fun of it. Then phrases and sentences were made and assigned arbitrary significance. But the adults who sprang from the children became more and more serious about linguistic patterns, and so ultimately wound up in slavery to what had begun in play and freedom. The surrealists deplored this outcome, and wished to break language loose again from its designated meanings, to free it once more for joyous and nonsensical expression. (p. 214)
Breton and the surrealists continued this interest in abstract language, for they believed it to be more closely related to the subconscious than ordinary language. (p. 215)
[Arrabal's] dialogue is sometimes merely simple and unstudied, like that of children. At other times it is clearly nonsensical….
Or again, Arrabal's characters frequently speak with mere silliness or repetitiousness. In Picnic on the Battlefield, for instance, the two soldiers seem to mimic each other, using identical lines again and again. In Fando and Lis, whole passages are repeated in the play, with the effect of destroying the time continuum, or turning it back on itself….
(4) The surrealists also had a childlike respect for superstitions, psychic phenomena, reincarnation, alchemy, and magic—for anything purporting to abrogate nature or natural law. (p. 216)
Since The Architect and the Emperor of Assyria, with its trick at the end where the Architect, who is eating the Emperor's body, stoops under the table to retrieve a bone and reappears as the Emperor, Arrabal has demonstrated an increasing fondness for theatrical japes, legerdemain, and mystification. In Solemn Communion a necrophile with a serpent between his legs gets in a coffin with a girl's nude body in it; then the girl who has just been prepared for communion stabs the necrophile, getting blood on her white dress, and laughs while red balloons rise from the coffin to the ceiling. Striptease of Jealousy shows a statue of a nude girl coming to life and being beaten to death and put back on her pedestal. The Impossible Loves is a fantasy about a princess with two beaux, one with the head of a dog and one with the head of a bull, and a father with the head of an elephant. The Coronation is a long play which constantly features mystifying rites, necromancy, and double identities.
In one of the clearest statements he has made about what he attempts to do in the theater, Arrabal says: "I dream of a theatre where humor and poetry, panic and love would be fused. Poetry is born from the nightmare and its mechanism, excess. The theatrical rite—the panic ceremony—must be looked upon by the spectator as a kind of sacrifice. This infinitely free type of theatre which I envisage has nothing to do with anti-theatre or with the Theatre of the Absurd. It's a vast domain, shrouded in ambiguities, and patrolled very carefully by the mad hound which stalks the night."
(5) Closely related to the surrealist desire for a spontaneous universe is the surrealist disregard for religion, especially formal, dogmatic religion. Baudelaire and Lautréamont and Rimbaud had already established a French tradition for necrophilia and admiration of evil. The surrealists were generally freer from the "protest" impulse, and more given to hijinks and hilarity, but Artaud, in his famous play Jet of Blood, announced the death of God, and, in his journals, wrote scathing denunciations of the papacy. It was inevitable that any theater tracing history from Alfred Jarry's Ubu Roi, with its spoofing of authority, its bumptious tomfoolery, and its scatological language, should continue with an air of insouciance, irreverence, and even, on occasion, downright blasphemy.
Arrabal seems to derive from both Artaud and Jarry in such matters. His novel The Burial of the Sardine … is really a dream account of a Spanish passion parade filled with blaspheming priests, naked, urinating women, phallic symbols, peacocks' heads, and an old man wanting to die and screaming for a poisonous host. There is also a description of God as a king on a throne drawn by four Cadillacs and surrounded by eighty old men clad in white and adorned by phallic symbols. In The Architect and the Emperor of Assyria the distaste for Spanish religion is combined with Jarryesque language: the Emperor calls God a "son of a bitch," and entones operatically, "Shit on God. Shit on his divine image. Shit on his omnipresence." The Labyrinth is an elaborate allegory impugning the justice and goodness of the Creator, who is pictured as a despotic maze-maker arbitrarily persecuting people who stumble into his maze. The Car Cemetery is a parody of the Crucifixon, with a naive trumpet-player being flogged to death and finally borne out, cruciform-wise, on the handlebars of his bicycle.
Like Genet, on the other hand, Arrabal tends to think of theater in terms of ritual…. By pushing ideas to the extreme, to excess, the artist evokes something rare and exciting. It can hardly be called the transcendent or the numinous, for it often rises out of blasphemy and sacrilege. But it is the nearest thing to religious ecstasy outside of religion itself, a kind of secular transport which depends in part on a special quality in the dangerous act of defying the holy authority. It is very near to what participants in the Black Mass experience, only without the dedication to evil. And, in Arrabal, it frequently requires for its climax an actual immolation, as in Guernica, The Car Cemetery, and The Coronation. "The putting to death," as Arrabal calls it, is somehow related to the ultimate "exaltation of life."
(6) Because the surrealists emphasized the continuity between the physical and psychical aspects of experience, the conscious and the unconscious, they were able, at least in appearance, to minimize the importance of death as a boundary to human existence. (pp. 217-19)
Arrabal is Spanish, of course, and should be expected to exhibit an Iberian sensitivity to death as both a finality and a focus for religious feeling. The one play where both touches appear to be present is the brief piece called Orison, in which a man and woman, seated by a child's coffin draped in black, talk of leading a good life, a life ordered according to the Bible. The deaths of the father in The Two Executioners, Lis in Fando and Lis, Zapo and Zopo in Picnic on the Battlefield, and Emanou in The Car Cemetery have a kind of finality about them, although the last case is mitigated somewhat by the birth of a child at the time of Emanou's "crucifixion," suggesting the myth of return or cyclicality. But if we consider that Orison, for all its funereal air, may be only ironic (it is possible that the dead child is only imaginary, one whose existence was blocked by contraception), or even some kind of deadpan joke, and that in the other plays death occurs in the midst of highly fanciful situations, we can only wonder whether Arrabal is typically serious about the act of dying at all. (p. 219)
Indeed, part of the strange, almost inebriating quality of Arrabal's theater may lie in the way he actually combines the Spanish sense of tragedy with the light-hearted, finally imperturbable mood of the surrealists. He is much gayer and more soufflant in the end than Ionesco, who, for all his japes and jests, is basically sad and depressed about existence.
(7) The mention of gaiety suggests another area of relationship between Arrabal and surrealism: humor. The unity of contradictions, which the surrealists continually preached, is in a sense the primary basis of humor. That is, comedy proceeds from the resolving of conflicting states, the humiliating of the proud, the elevating of the just. It is no wonder, then, that there was a certain zaniness, a persistent air of fun and humor, about most of the surrealists, at least in their more public aspects…. Humor was the one answer to disaster and chaos.
The humorous approach to life permeates almost everything Arrabal has written. It is not a matter of Byron's "If I laugh at any mortal thing, 'tis that I may not weep," but of something much more positive. Life is a wonder, it is full of le Merveilleux, and even the suffering is part of a spectacle. One never assumes, therefore, that tragedy is tragic. He never learns that the stove will burn him a second time merely because it has done so the first time. The world is a child's world, a garden of paradise with snakes and monsters. Because there are snakes and monsters, there are nightmares, interruptions of bliss. But nightmares are never crystallized into worldviews, the way they are with most of us, so that they repress us and impose tyrannical patterns on our existence. They are merely there, and we can still laugh and enjoy ourselves.
So there are jokes all the way through a serious piece like Guernica, and silliness in an earnest play like Picnic on the Battlefield, and burlesque among the profound themes of The Architect and the Emperor of Assyria. If life is dark, it is also light. If oppressed, free. If sober, giddy. And the surrealist mind, from Jarry to Dali to Arrabal, cannot help seeing the fun. Arrabal does tend to deal with more serious themes than the average surrealist, and to appreciate the weight of suffering in the world; but his response to these is basically that of one whose vision has been formed or altered by surrealist masters.
(8) There is one significant way in which Arrabal does differ from many of the surrealists, or at least from "official" surrealist theory, and that is in the treatment of the females in his plays.
Wallace Fowlie, in writing about Picasso's relations to surrealism, has spoken of a prominent combination of "eroticism and violence" in surrealistic art. On this ground alone, Arrabal would not appear to diverge from the surrealist position. The women in his plays … are erotic, even the mothers and older women. And they do, perhaps in part because of this erotic character, induce a sense of violence and unrest. They oppose the men, even when they love them, and constitute a polarity for both resistance and persecution. The so-called "war of the sexes" is a very real part of human existence, and Arrabal guarantees its being waged constantly and fiercely.
But another aspect of the surrealists' opinion about women was much closer than this one to the views of the medieval troubadours and poets of courtly love…. As Nadeau points out, the surrealists may have given the impression of extreme libertinism in sexual matters, but they actually celebrated the character of true love, which is as constant as it is erotic. (pp. 220-21)
Arrabal obviously does not regard the female of the species so adoringly. He is frank to admit that the interfering mother is a psychological fixture with him, and the uncomplimentary portraits of the mother in Baal Babylon and The Two Executioners are doubtless related to that hangup. By extension, the other women in his plays tend to be domineering, combative, quarrelsome, and unfaithful. Solemn Communion depicts what he apparently takes to be the process of transference or initiation by which older women pass on to younger ones their methods for manipulating men. The grandmother's rehearsal of her own manner of housekeeping and intimidating a husband is almost revolting, and, when the granddaughter at the end of the play returns to the stage and stabs the necrophile who has entered the coffin with the nude body of a girl, it may be that she is really mutilating her future husband, who will be in love with the innocent girl that may be presumed to have "died" when the grandmother began the ritual of instruction.
For the surrealists proper, love was the final gratuitous act—the unmotivated plunging of the self into new worlds of feeling and experience where the exits and escapes are not known in advance. Arrabal seems unable to make this kind of commitment…. For the most part, Arrabal's women are like Tasla in The Condemned Man's Bicycle, who is perpetually unfaithful to Viloro, or the sweet and lovable Dila in The Car Cemetery, who professes her love for Emanou but is always at the disposal of men in the motel of wrecked cars.
All in all, however, this is a small difference by which to separate Arrabal from the surrealists, to whom he is otherwise so obviously related. It is perfectly natural that he should prefer not to be known as "the last of the surrealists," but to insist, as he does. "I reject all paternity," and to regard himself as the instigator of a new movement known as théâtre panique. But Arrabal as we know him would be unthinkable without Jarry, Artaud, Picasso, Breton, Pansaers, and Tzara as his predecessors and mentors.
Perhaps a better term for his work than théâtre panique would be the one André Masson coined in 1929, "surrealist naturalism," to distinguish the kind of surrealism which developed about that time (in Dali, Buñuel, and others) from the more delirious, irresponsible surrealism of the earlier period. Certainly there is a kind of naturalism of detail in Guernica, Picnic on the Battlefield, The Labyrinth, and many others of Arrabal's plays; and there is, at the same time, the surrealist mood which transposes naturalism from its dreary, ordinary key into an air that is frolicking and joyous. Moreover, the term would really be more accurately descriptive of Arrabal's work than his own phrase "realist including the nightmare," for nightmare signifies primarily dreams with horror, and Arrabal, like the surrealists, depends also on dreams which do not horrify, but delight and amaze.
At any rate, Arrabal conceives of the work of art essentially as Breton and Artaud and all the surrealists did—not as something apart from life, but as a "double" of existence, between existence and which there is no real and ultimate demarcation, so that one is merely an extension of the other. Fantasies are thus just as actual and credible as the world of traditional beliefs and systems, which for all men's agreement upon their reality, may yet be fantastical and chimerical. And Arrabal has succeeded, as well as any playwright to date, in bringing to the stage the kind of psychedelic and controvertive theatrical experience which Artaud laid the plans for in The Theatre and Its Double. He is correct, in answering his own question about whether he puts "phantasms" on the stage, to reply that what he puts there are the "climaxes" to his experiences—they are the extensions of things very real to him. And that is precisely a surrealist accomplishment: the union of spheres of consciousness, spheres of existence, apparently contradictory and incompatible. It is the final realization of Hugo Ball's wish for "a theater which experiments beyond the realm of day-to-day preoccupations" and of Breton's call in the first Manifesto for a combination of the waking and dreaming worlds into a world of surreality. (pp. 222-23)
John Killinger, "Arrabal and Surrealism," in Modern Drama (copyright © 1971, University of Toronto Graduate Center for Study of Drama; with the permission of Modern Drama), September, 1971, pp. 210-23.
Fernando Arrabal's The Architect and the Emperor of Assyria is a "big" play…. I do not refer to its length … but to its sweep. It is a vast "send up" of modern civilization—"Christian capitalism"—a play of gargantuan blasphemy.
It is not to be readily categorized…. [Arrabel] saves himself and us from its brutal blows by a sort of hideous humor; his total disgust is spewed out in raucously derisive laughter. It may be called a sado-masochistic farce. But no conventional epithet quite fits it. It is surely an original play, even if for pigeonhole purposes we invoke the names of Ghelderode, Genet, Goya and Buñuel….
The Architect and the Emperor was not an easy play for me to grasp when I [first] saw it. Nor is it now wholly transparent—one may ask oneself why the "Architect," why "Assyria," etc.?—but its mood, its sentiment, its special eloquence and its basic thrust make it unmistakably powerful. Like it or not, it is one of the signal plays of our time. (p. 762)
The writing is sometimes cast in the mode of surrealist "automatic" composition, wildly incoherent and yet astonishingly lyrical, with a sort of madly orgiastic afflatus and hurricane giddiness in which everything from Coca-Cola to world literature revolve in a giddily grotesque dance…. Everything is desecrated in an appalling circus.
Yet one cannot say the play's ferocity voices an all-consuming nihilism—no work of art ever does—for even the Emperor says to the Martian of his imagination, "I want to stay on earth."…
The play, is at once a howl of anguish, a hysterical prayer, and a protest. (p. 763)
Harold Clurman, in The Nation (copyright 1976 by the Nation Associates, Inc.), June 19, 1976.
[The Architect and the Emperor of Assyria,] set on a desert island, has two characters, a native and a new arrival who is the sole survivor of a plane crash. This Crusoe-Friday relation is used for two long acts of symbolic sequences, including impersonations, maskings, transvestism, and eventual reversal of roles. It ends with the opening scene, only the actor who played the native now plays the new arrival and vice versa….
The Architect is certainly concerned with the way it exists, but it exists for a reason. It's one more symbolic play that tries to encapsulate the history of man and/or a conspectus of the contemporary human condition, like Frisch's The Chinese Wall, Wilder's The Skin of Our Teeth, Barry's Here Come the Clowns, and Stoppard's Jumpers. The ambition to write such a play helps in itself to define its author….
Of course one doesn't look for external consistencies in a work propelled by flights of fancy, but one does hope for some central vision, at least some compelling hunger for a vision. If a lot of intricate symbolic equipment is rolled out onto the runway, it had better take off. Not here. What is approximately central here is the stalest of disgusts; what is really central is the author's smugness, a conviction that the true test of your spirit will be your appreciation of his poetic play, that to ask any questions of its theme or its symbols is to betray your dullness. This is one of the con games of the avant-garde hack—not of the genuine avant-garde artist—and Arrabal lolls in the middle of it.
As if to certify his avant-garde status, he soars and he dares. His soaring consists of ecstatic passages … that occasionally reach the Creative Writing 401 level of purpled rhapsody. His daring is even more puerile—small-boy bravery with a wooden sword and a paper cocked hat. (p. 20)
[Arrabal's] themes have been political, clerical, and sexual, usually combined: he is against fascism, particularly Spanish; he is against churchly imposition; he is against puritanism. He seems to think that these stands in themselves make him extraordinarily adventurous. The work of his that I know shows him to be a baby Buñuel, a vapid Valle-In-clán…. One need only think of Genet—The Maids as against The Architect, The Screens as against Guernica—to see the difference between a genius of the Other Side and a frittering little symbolist-absurdist fop. (p. 21)
Stanley Kauffmann, "Two on an Island," in The New Republic (reprinted by permission of The New Republic; © 1976 by The New Republic, Inc.), June 26, 1976, pp. 20-1. | <urn:uuid:401ec968-551d-41ed-b16e-c834a20133a3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.enotes.com/topics/fernando-arrabal/critical-essays/arrabal-fernando-1932-1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.961536 | 12,984 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Letter: Story opened Vietnam wound
As I recently read the story of Mohammd Janis Shinwari — the Afghan interpreter who saved the life of Matthew Zeller during his deployment — trying to obtain a visa, I was reminded of a time long ago.
It was 1968. Operating in the villages in and around Danang, south Vietnam, my buddies and I had formed strong relationships with our ARVN interpreters. We all believed that we would prevail in the war and that those Vietnamese who aided us in that effort had chosen wisely.
Their trust in us was a mistake.
Shinwari and Zeller’s story has opened an old and deep wound in my heart. I am filled with shame and think often of Diem and Tran. Dieu and Mang. I wonder if they’re alive, but think not.
War is a terrible thing, but I know of sins that are greater. | <urn:uuid:25b8122e-7622-4f7a-8d4a-314ba4200188> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.democratandchronicle.com/story/opinion/letters/2013/12/04/letter-story-opened-vietnam-wound/3861495/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.976223 | 204 | 1.585938 | 2 |
“The end of the playoff round was brutal. Nat Young sat sadly in murky water for a full half hour in a loss to Jordy without a wave to ride.”
Today I taught fourteen year olds a dramatic monologue about a disgruntled teenager who takes a bread knife down the street and stab someone.
It is a poem that was erased from textbooks and banned in schools in England at a time when knife crime was on the rise.
It seems unlikely that knife-wielding teenagers would have plunged blades with verses in mind, but there you go.
The speaker feels alienated from society and ignored at school. The language of instruction is a language he does not understand. The language of violence it can.
The opening line is unequivocal.
“Today I’m going to kill something. Anything.”
It’s sinister. The character isn’t exceptional, and that’s the point. He may be sitting next to you on the bus, watching you momentarily as your shoulders bump into the street, or staring sullenly at you from a doorway.
The fact is, life can be shit, for all of us. It is how we react that is important.
We could choose darkness. Choose to blame everyone and everything. Condemning the world around us. It is not my fault…
Or, we change our perspective.
We can be like Jack Robinson or Griffin Colapinto and master our minds, understand that the kingdom is within.
Or we could entrust our destiny to a higher power, like Filipe or Gabriel, to have faith.
I don’t believe in anything in particular, and I don’t control my mind, but I know that sometimes I have to change my point of view. After the first innings today, I had noticed a few negative jokes and acerbic barbs. But it was too easy. It’s too easy to dismiss everything – waves, Kaipo, judgment, comment, Kaipo…etc, etc, as usual.
So I won’t.
But allow me one, before I give up.
Damn if I hear Mitchell Salazar say Poooonnta Rrrrroooka one more time…
We get it, Mitch. You speak Spanish, along with about a billion other people.
He’s like a kid I once taught who wanted to show the class some magic tricks he was learning. It was a low-ability class (it’s not all poetry and Good Will Hunting, you know) and it was poor souls. And so I said yes to please him and kill some time. Bless him. It was awful, god awful. Neither magic nor tricks. But we made the mistake of ummmming and awwwwing anyway, pretending to be amazed, like he was David Blaine. After that, the poor bastard wanted to do magic every day, and I didn’t have the heart to say no. And so the end of each lesson was pretending to be seduced by more and more elaborate, more and more ridiculous and endless shitty tricks.
This is what I think every time Salazar Rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrn his co-commentators to try to speak Spanish.
This morning we went through the men’s playoffs and then the round of 16 with overlapping series. The waves were pretty spooky – if you’ll allow me a bit of realness – and I wondered if that was debatable, regardless if it suited some overlapping waves. But Miley-Dyer’s hand had been forced. With little time and a lot to do, we had to walk.
The end of the elimination round was brutal. Nat Young sat sadly in murky water for a full half hour in a loss to Jordy with no wave to surf.
Miguel Pupo, a surfer who has been superb all season, banged his board in fury as the horn signaled his loss to Jake Marshall. Until the last seconds, all he had was a 2.97 and a 0.90.
Meanwhile, Shannon and Laura were chirping happily in the background as if we were all having a wonderful time.
“So so questionable,” Laura said.
Jordy was gracious and honest during his post-heating interview. “Luck,” he said, when asked how he won. Salazar trotted out the J-Bay comparison, clearly expecting Jordy to stick to the script. “Somebody’s gotta get slapped every time they call that J-Bay,” he snapped, forehand reversing the insane comparison into Mitchell’s taco.
Jack Robinson looked squarely beaten by Jackson Baker for the majority of their round of 16. Oddly, waves appeared and Baker picked the best ones, building a solid and deserved lead.
But with four minutes on the clock, Robinson found a wave and rocked it like a terrier with a rat for an 8.93. The aggression was startling. It’s the most impressed I’ve been with Robinson in three compositions. The camera cut to Julia on the beach, gesticulating wildly. We couldn’t hear what she was saying, but I imagine it was something like “Any one of you move, you fucking assholes, and I’ll execute every last fucking one of you.” you !”
Jack sat in the water, calmed down, then turned around and paddled out. There’s something vaguely psychopathic about his behavior, like he’s afraid of losing control. He surfs like he’s possessed, but talks like he’s half asleep.
Robinson and the other key players (plus Callum Robson) reached the quarters, and it was lucky because Punta Roca finally showed some of the quality we’ve heard about.
Medina vs Robinson was the heat everyone wanted to see. Jack’s board snapped on his first top turn, sheared through the lip. He came out quickly, but didn’t have the rhythm. The waves were better but not spectacular at this point. Really, Medina dominated even though he again looked chronically stressed with low sixes.
In the post-warmup interview, Laura asked him if he pushed Jack on purpose for the final set. “I’m just testing these guys,” Medina replied, like a grinning assassin.
Yes, Gabby, and they’re blowing away like dust.
Some of the neighborhoods were still in lulls, but it was incredulous to see Filipe stand tall and gaze up long double-ceilinged walls before lip-smashing at every turn, when just hours before Carissa Moore could ‘t find a wave in her quarter-final loss to Caroline Marks. A couple before that had seemed impossible to surf.
Filipe dominated against Robson, as you would expect on top straight waves. He was never threatened, always in control. He seems more poised than ever.
Both Kanoa and Colapinto had great heat totals. Either would have been a worthy winner. Kanoa had the wave to steal it at the end, if he hadn’t run into his nearest one.
Griffin will face Medina in the semifinals. He can’t wait to be there. He feels like he was just a kid the last time he surfed against Medina. “Now I’m becoming a man,” he said.
He’ll have to be more than a man to progress in that one.
Ethan and Italo fought a great run to end the day. The waves were nothing short of pumping and perfect, although a little soft towards the end.
Italo took the win, trading 8s with Ewing. So much the better, in the name of justice. Ethan’s scores weren’t so inflated that Italo’s were crushed. He continues to be undermined by the judges. His 8.80 was the highest score of the round, but still low. What else could he have done with that wave on his lapel?
Today was far from perfect, but there were some worthwhile glimpses. Really that’s all we can hope for.
I found myself appreciating imperfection, even savoring it. When the good waves came, I enjoyed them all the more.
“Why is everything we study about death, pain and tragedy, sir?” a student asked today, precisely.
It’s because happiness is the dullest state you can find yourself in.
Satisfaction? No thanks.
Negative emotions challenge us.
They help us create.
They help us connect, to know that others are hurting too.
We learn to appreciate what we have. We see silk purses in the sow’s ears.
Above all: without sorrow, how would you recognize joy?
And if you only know happiness, what about ecstasy?
It seems unlikely there will be an ecstatic finish in El Salvador tomorrow, but that’s okay. There will be other days. It can always get better.
This is what keeps us going. | <urn:uuid:8a809475-ada5-4127-b7c6-31d278f59d45> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://learnchinesewebsite.com/world-tour-veteran-jordy-smith-breaks-wsls-positive-noise-wall-at-surf-city-el-salvador-pro-somebody-gotta-get-slapped-every-time-they-call-that-j-bay/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.974103 | 2,001 | 1.546875 | 2 |
Post COVID opportunities in Canada and expectations
Post-COVID opportunities in Canada are what every job seekers and international students are eagerly waiting for! It’s been almost seven months since Canada closed for foreign nationals. Though we have seen Express Entry draws and PNP draws not like the way it is supposed to be on a normal time.
As a part of economic impact, Canada has recorded a record down graph in employment since February this year. The report says its 15.7% which is nearly 2 million jobs provided StatCan.
The same goes for the immigration process. Before this Pandemic Canada’s immigration target was 341,000 in 2020. But they have just been able to fulfill 128,400 in between Jan-Aug of 2020. Just in Aug Canada welcomed 11,315 new permanent residents which are well short of the nearly 31,600 immigrants it welcomed in Aug 2019.
Economically there’s no data but certainly, Canada is losing a huge amount. So far we all know Canada’s economy is primarily based on their immigration policies. Due to COVID19 Canada shuts its door to International Students and not allowing them to travel in Canada. Because of that, a large number of students who intend to study abroad were diverted to Europian countries like the UK.
How things are going on!
Now the things are changing as the lockdown lifted over the provinces post-COVID opportunities in Canada is growing gradually.
Canada took numerous efforts to overcome the situation. The facilitate International Students in many ways. From online classes and without affecting their post-graduate work permits.
What we have seen for the past few months Canada still working on immigration for those who applied electronically or with help of immigration consultants. Application for Express Entry or Provincial Nominee Programs never stopped. Even during the COVID19 lockdown period Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) was working and accepting online applications for immigration and work permits.
Why Canada desperately need Immigrants?
According to Mendicino “Welcoming more newcomers will help to address the demographic challenges of an aging population and to compete and win in a competitive global marketplace.”
Indeed, the coronavirus pandemic has placed the country on an unexpected detour that will have repercussions for decades, according to analysts
“We need to be thinking about how we can turn our immigration system back on. We can’t just go into this turtling, not letting people in, because it’s such an important piece of our growth,” Andrew Agopsowicz, a senior economist at RBC Capital Markets, said.
International students now compose 25 percent of the University of Toronto’s student body. If 20 percent decided not to study in Canada this year, the university could see a $200-million funding shortfall in a $3-billion budget.
The latest research on the global population decline predicts Canada can be a prominent immigration hub in the next 80 years.
Immigration policy helps Canada to become one of the largest economies. Canada’s current openness to immigration must continue if the country wants to maintain one of the world’s largest economies for the rest of the century, according to a new study projecting global population and economic trends between now and 2100.
It forecasts that the global population will peak in 2064 at 9.73 billion people. By 2100 – less than two generations later – that number will be nearly one billion lower, and nearly three-quarters of the 195 nations included in the study will not be producing enough children to maintain their workforces.
“As long as these immigration policies continue, our reference scenario showed sustained population growth and workforce expansion … with concomitant economic growth,” the researchers wrote.
So far we can see from various analytics and research that Canada needs immigrants to continue their economy. Now the global population decline also plays an important part in it.
Canada is trying hard to make things normal as they have already done a few changes in their usual policy. Early this month IRCC announced that those who are in visitor visas within Canada can apply for the work permit. That makes sense as offices and shops are opening the shortage of workers will be there as well as people in visitor visas can’t bear their living costs within the money.
Though Federal Govt. took measures like providing Canada Emergency Response Benefit (CERB) with CRA.
The CERB gives financial support to employed and self-employed Canadians who are directly affected by COVID-19. If you are eligible, you can receive $2,000 for 4 weeks (the same as $500 a week).
Now it has ended so people need work to continue and we’re GreenTech Resources working on it to provide workforce and make the economy back to normal. To make it easy we’re soon about to launch a job portal that will give Job seekers and Employers a perfect platform to communicate. | <urn:uuid:2ef066ed-a929-4725-8264-06d2534c1dca> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.greentechresources.ca/post-covid-opportunities-in-canada-and-expectations/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.958953 | 1,015 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Don’t believe me? Take this not-so-fun fact in November the United States Postal Service was breached and more than 2.9 million potential customers were impacted. To put that number in context, in the same year Home Depot had 56 million customers impacted; Michael’s had three million; Neiman Marcus had one million, Target 110 million, and JP Morgan Chase Bank had 76 million breaches.
If you haven’t been hacked in 2014, you are probably not reading this post right now, because you aren’t on the Internet.
In GovLoop’s new guide, 30 Innovations that Mattered in 2014, Bruce Michelson, Distinguished Technologist at HP noted that cyber attacks are increasing at a rate of 20 percent per year.
“You can’t look at the USPS breach as a standalone incident. It is a part of a much bigger picture,” said Michelson. “If you look back on 2014, one of the most telling stats is that half of the American adults have had their personal information exposed. As a citizen, you almost expect to have that happen now.”
In total, USA Today discovered 43 percent of U.S. companies have been breached. 80 percent of the breaches are caused by employee negligence. “At the end of the day, the least common denominator is the employee who might be turning off some of the encryption or some of the security or some of the asset management information, or going to websites that might not have the secure checkmark on it,” noted Bruce Michelson, Distinguished Technologist at HP.
The FBI found 35 percent of the identity theft breaches came from websites. “When you look at the percentages you have to ask yourself whether or not we as consumers are doing everything that we possibly can to protect ourselves. The answer is no,” said Michelson. “No matter how good we think our protection mechanism is, the bad guys attack for a living. It is their job to keep one step ahead of us.”
Because these attacks are so common companies like HP are developing tools like HPSureStart – a product that attacks security breaches before they can compromise your data. “If my Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) system has been compromised, HPSureStart will automatically senses that and resets the BIOS to its last non-compromised state,” said Michelson.
One of the reasons a system like HPSureStart is necessary is because a password can no longer ensure a person’s online security.
“Half of American adults were impacted by breaches and I’m not so sure we can even advise IT,” warned Michelson. “If my identity was stolen and I worked for you, wouldn’t you like to know my identity is stolen? Of course you would. Yet because of personal privacy laws, I’m not sure you can make that kind of request.” But Michelson predicted 2015 would be the year to answer that question.
To find out more about Michelson’s predictions for 2015 and uncover the top 30 innovations, download the guide! | <urn:uuid:28dd0063-29c3-40b7-b72d-663888c39e6b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.govloop.com/breached-broached-broke-hacked-2014/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.962821 | 660 | 1.835938 | 2 |
If you’ve ever created an information product, written a “how to” article, or attempted to teach anyone something you know, you’ve probably discovered that the best way to do so is via some form of interactive learning. Today, interactive learning goes far beyond webinars. An individual can actually create a course and perform the delivery of that course just as well as a huge university via online learning software called a learning management system (LMS).
An LMS includes the ability to upload videos and presentations as well as text-based documentations. A good LMS will allow for discussions via discussion boards and chats (between students and between instructors and students), and even allow for live teaching with a whiteboard. Plus, they usually have collaboration tools such as wikis, shared documents and more.
Webinars are great, but they are often very one sided. Someone creates a presentation, sets a time to deliver it live, then the students show up, watch the presentation, maybe participate in a short Q & A session and then it’s over. While that is somewhat interactive, it’s not really giving everything that a student needs to learn something. The webinar experience can be somewhat anticlimactic. Using a fully integrated LMS can be the answer you are looking for to teach your students.
No matter the reason you want to teach others, choosing an LMS takes some thought and knowledge.
To choose the right kind of LMS for your needs, consider the following:
* Do you want to make money? – If you want to earn money from your courses then you need to choose a system that enables you to do so easily. Some LMS include the ability to charge for courses already included, while some do not. If this is one of your main goals, to make money from your courses, be sure that a solution can be easily created.
* Do you want to teach in an asynchronous or synchronous environment? – Some systems only allow for live webinar-like courses, while others will allow you to upload the lessons that your students can access anytime they want to. Some LMS allow for both types of learning. Know up front if this is something you need or not.
* Do you want accessibility anywhere with multiple devices? – Some types of LMS require a particular type of computer or access to a specific computer, and other LMS are cloud based which means they’re accessible from anyplace with an internet connection. Consider your audience and what will work best for them and you as the instructor.
Whether you’re a life coach, a baker, an information marketer or someone else who has information to teach others, using an LMS can be the answer to creating truly interactive courses that your clients really learn from. It’s a better way to impart information that students will walk away from feeling empowered. As a teacher you’ll feel good knowing that you left no stone unturned in helping your clients truly learn the information you want them to learn. | <urn:uuid:7cd73576-5fea-42d0-8385-1b09d446ffea> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.simplicitymktg.com/blog/how-to-choose-the-right-learning-management-system-lms/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.954175 | 624 | 2.796875 | 3 |
Crate training isn’t good for all dogs. It works best for young dogs or those who have already been trained. Use positive training methods only. Crates should never be used as punishment, to confine dogs day and night, or for dogs with separation anxiety. Stop training if your dog is distressed.
In this article, I’ll talk about whether all dogs can be crate trained, which dogs crate training doesn’t work for, how to tell when to stop training, and more!
Crate Training Doesn’t Work for Every Dog
It’s my experience that cCrate training won’t work for every single dog, although professionals do have differing opinions, and I go into all the different views lower down this article.
The Humane Society shares this belief, stating on their website, “A crate is not a magical solution to common canine behavior. If used incorrectly, a dog can feel trapped and frustrated. And for some dogs, crates will not be an option.”
Crate training should never be used as punishment, a replacement for proper socialization and training, or a place to keep your dog confined day and night.
Even when properly implemented, some dogs just don’t take to crates. I’ve heard from dog owners who explain that their dog will go to the crate when told, but seems pouty or sad while inside.
These dogs don’t tend to go to their crate on their own while it’s open, and seem to dislike the crate despite receiving proper crate training.
Dogs with Separation Anxiety Shouldn’t be Crated
In addition, crates can be a danger to dogs with separation anxiety.
A symptom of separation anxiety is trying to escape confinement. It might mean chewing a door handle, as my dog Charlie did once as a pup, or trying to escape home through windows.
For a crated dog, it can mean biting or clawing at the metal bars of the crate. This can damage their teeth and nails, especially if they get caught on the bars.
Dogs kept in soft-sided crates or carriers might chew right through, which is both ineffective and can lead to them eating the material.
Eating foreign objects like this can lead to digestion issues that range from upset stomach tobowel obstruction.
It Also Depends on the People Involved
Just like some dogs take to crates while others don’t, some people prefer to crate their dogs more than others. While you should always take your dog’s feelings into consideration, the initial choice to try crate training comes from you.
Some factors that go into whether you’d be successful in crate training your dog include:
- Your previous training experience. Those who’ve crate trained dogs before will likely have more success than those who haven’t.
- Your training methods. Positive training methods always work best. Those who use the crate as punishment or use harsh training methods such as dominance theory of dog training will have less success crate training their dogs.
- Your feelings about the crate. If you dislike crating your dog, you’ll have less motivation to crate train them properly. This makes you more likely to give up. (Remember, it’s okay not to crate train—it’s not for everyone!)
- The ability to read your dog. If you think your dog is miserable in the crate because you’re projecting your negative feelings onto them, you’re unlikely to continue with their training.
On the other hand, someone who ignores their dog’s feelings and communication might press on despite their dog disliking the crate or the training moving too fast.
Forcing your dog to be crated despite their wishes isn’t proper crate training—in my experience, having a dog who stays in the crate because they don’t have a choice isn’t success.
- Your communication with other family members. Everyone training your dog needs to be on the same page, or training is more likely to fail.
Your dog will get confused if mixed messages are sent, such as you sending them to their crate for bedtime while your spouse allows them to cuddle in your bed instead.
Neither is wrong in the above example—but the two of you would need to get on the same page for the best training results.
Signs Your Dog Doesn’t Like the Crate
Below are some signs your dog doesn’t like their crate.
These are also sometimes signs of poor training, and don’t necessarily mean that your dog will never take to the crate if trained right.
If you know your dog has been properly crate trained, keep an eye out for the following:
1. They Don’t go into it Willingly
Crates are meant to provide a safe haven for your dog. They function like the dens your dog would inhabit in the wild, just like wolves still do today.
When crate trained right, your dog might willingly go to their crate to nap, chew on their toy, or to get respite from a noisy household.
If your dog doesn’t go to their crate willingly, but only when told, then they don’t like it that much—they’re only listening to please you.
2. Your Dog Goes to their Crate, but is Unhappy
Like I discussed above, some people notice that their dog will act unhappy while in the crate. They might pout, hang their head, or watch you with puppy eyes until they’re let out again.
If your dog never seems happy or relaxed while inside of their crate, it may be time to find a different solution.
3. They Cry or Bark While Inside
Many dogs bark or whine while inside of the crate. This is seen as normal by many people, especially in the beginning.
If your dog continues to bark or whine while inside of their crate long after being crate trained, they definitely don’t like it!
While some people say you should allow your dog to “cry it out” inside of their crate, I disagree with this method. There isn’t a problem that crate training is the sole solution to—so if your dog really hates the crate, I think you should get rid of it and try something else.
A dog whose cries are ignored will eventually stop whining, but they won’t stop feeling those same emotions—they’ll just learn to stay quiet, because you’ve shown that you don’t care when they’re upset.
4. Your Dog Tries to Escape the Crate
Trying to escape the crate can be very dangerous, and happens most often in dogs with separation anxiety.
If your dog tries to escape the crate, please accept that crate training isn’t for them. They could injure their teeth or nails, and are also under great stress while crated!
How to Crate Train a Dog
These are the methods that give the best chance of crate training being accepted by the highest percentage of dogs possible.
Introduce them to the Crate Slowly
Proper crate training takes over 6 months to complete. It’s not just sticking your dog in the crate and leaving them there.
Instead, introduce the crate slowly. Begin by tossing treats or toys nearby the crate and praising your dog for interacting with it.
This might mean sniffing the outside of the crate or placing one paw inside to grab a treat.
Begin to toss the treats or toys further inside to see how far your dog will go. This will show you how comfortable they are with the crate initially.
Some dogs will walk right to the back, while others might not even put their nose inside.
Keep Training Sessions Short and Consistent
Once you have a starting point, work with your dog in short sessions a few times a day to progress. Reward them for the smallest steps forward!
For a hesitant dog, even sticking one paw briefly inside the crate, grabbing a treat, and backing away is huge progress.
Once your dog is comfortable stepping inside of the crate, you can begin feeding them meals inside or setting chew toys within the crate to try to keep them inside for longer periods.
Don’t shut the door until your dog is very comfortable inside the crate. Only then should you begin locking them in for a few moments at a time, increasing this as they get used to it.
Remember, all training should end on a good note whenever possible. If you or your dog becomes frustrated, try shorter training sessions or walk away to get some space.
You want this to be a good experience for you both, and especially for your dog. The only way to properly crate train is to have them associate the crate with good things!
Never scold your dog for lack of progress or force them into the crate.
Use Positive Reinforcement
Outdated training methods may recommend being the “alpha dog,” taking charge, or even punishing your dog for wrongdoing. This has been proven not to work.
Instead, have patience and use positive reinforcement to train your dog. The treats we used in the steps above are a huge part of that. So is verbal praise, petting your dog, or playing with their favorite toy after a training session.
Using rewards will show your dog what you want from them—and our dogs want to please us! It’s what they were bred for.
Some breeds are more independent, and might take longer to train as a result. But this isn’t a reason to use harsh training methods—it just means you need to have more patience, and that positive training is even more crucial so that you don’t set back your progress.
Never Force Your Dog into the Crate
Forcing your dog into the crate will set back any progress you’ve made in making the crate a safe, positive space.
Your dog might feel punished, upset, or even overwhelmed if you’ve pushed them too far past their comfort zone.
Training a dog takes time, dedication, and patience. You often have to work at your dog’s pace, not your own.
Don’t Use the Crate as Punishment
As I discussed above, punishments aren’t effective. Yelling at a dog to “go to your crate!” when they’ve misbehaved tells them that the crate is a bad place, and it also decreases their trust in you.
Instead, ignore or redirect bad behaviors.
Solutions So More Dogs Can Be Crate Trained
Problem 1: Your dog barks every time a guest comes to the door.
Use Positive training methods:
Teach your dog the commands “come” and “quiet” at a calmer time.
When someone comes to the door, call your dog to the crate and give them a treat. Tell them to be “quiet” and treat them again.
Once your guest is inside and the door is closed, let your dog out to meet them. Repeat this every time someone comes to your house until your dog knows to wait in their crate automatically.
This is a redirection method.
Poor training will make the problem worse. Do not punish your dog by yelling at them to go to their crate and keeping them inside until they stop barking.
Yelling at your dog might make them think you’re barking along, rather than upset with them. These punishments will also teach your dog the crate is for punishment, and they will begin to resent it!
Problem 2: Your puppy is playing too roughly, jumping and nipping at you.
Use another positive training method:
Gently carry your puppy to their crate and set them inside. Don’t scold them, but instead close the door and walk away for a few minutes. Then, let them out and try again.
This is the correct way to use the crate as a “time out.” It’s not a punishment, but instead just gives them (and you!) time to cool off before interacting again.
This is a method of ignoring misbehavior. It teaches your pup that playtime and interaction stops when they are too rough.
Poor training methods that make the problem worse include:
Punishing your puppy by yelling, hitting, or holding their mouth shut. Forcing them into the crate for a “time out.”
All of these things actually promote aggression by making your puppy angry and fearful! They might even think you’re trying to play with them if you yell, kind of like how they bark when playing.
Think Twice about Making them “Cry it Out”
Personally, I hate the idea of allowing a pet to “cry it out” and ignoring what they’re telling you. Dogs don’t whimper or bark without reason, but to communicate.
A healthy relationship with your dog means that you listen to their communication. You learn dog body language, and try your best to keep them happy and healthy because they depend on you.
A dog crying inside of their crate is unhappy in the crate. Maybe you haven’t trained them properly, or perhaps they just aren’t ever going to enjoy being crated.
Regardless, ignoring their cries won’t make them like the crate. It’ll only make them realize that they have to get used to it, because they don’t have a choice.
Personally, I don’t want my dog Charlie to do something that makes him miserable to please me. Some things he dislikes are necessary, like vet visits and nail trims.
Crate training is not necessary, and is typically used to make things easier on people. It can have benefits for dogs, but the dogs who hate their crate simply aren’t seeing those benefits.
They don’t feel safe, secure, or happy in the crate—even once they’ve stopped crying. Instead, these dogs feel trapped, scared, and alone.
You can keep crating these dogs, but in my experience it’s emotionally neglectful to do so.
Professionals Disagree on Crate Training for All Dogs
Personally, when the Humane Society and the AKC conflict, I tend to side with the Humane Society. The reason for this is that the AKC isn’t always focused on ethical pet care.
Short muzzled, or brachycephalic, breeds must be bred in this way to conform to show standards, yet it impacts their ability to breathe, exercise, and can lead to health problems for the dogs.
When given the choice, the AKC does notput into practice standards that would be best for dogs. Therefore, while I do find a lot of their training advice valuable, it’s best to look at other sources as well.
The Humane Society, on the other hand, focuses solely on adopting out rescue pets and educating owners on the best possible pet care.
Another sign in favor of the Humane Society is that other groups, such as the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA), also agree with their views on crate training.
Writer: Katelynn Sobus | <urn:uuid:24a6e9a4-291f-44ad-b599-c2f4bbf5ee6e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://richardsdogs.com/can-all-dogs-be-crate-trained/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.959271 | 3,179 | 2.078125 | 2 |
What Is Hot-Dip Galvanizing (HDG)
Hot Dip Galvanizing (HDG), as referenced on this site, is the process of dipping fabricated steel into a kettle or vat containing molten zinc. The process is inherently simple which provides a distinct advantage over other corrosion protection methods. While the steel is in the kettle, the iron in the steel metallurgically reacts with the molten zinc to form a tightly-bonded alloy coating that provides superior corrosion protection to steel.
The information throughout this section on durability, longevity, cost, and sustainability applies only to the hot-dip galvanizing (commonly referred to as batch, general, or after-fabrication galvanizing). It is important to understand not all zinc coatings are created equally; thus, applying any of the information provided about hot-dip galvanizing to other zinc coatings is not accurate or recommended.
To understand the hot-dip galvanizing process and its evolution, it makes sense to start at the beginning, which dates all the way back to 79 AD. | <urn:uuid:70fb6538-add2-41f9-b27a-82cbe768508c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tubespec.net/what-is-hot-dip-galvanizing2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.934577 | 220 | 3.359375 | 3 |
There’s nothing quite like a 20-minute sweat session in a sauna. You really feel a lot more unwinded and rested after you’re done, as well as the warm assists ease aching muscle mass and also enhances your general wellness as well as well-being does insurance cover infrared sauna.
However if the high temperatures of a traditional sauna are just way too much for you to manage, an infrared sauna may supply the benefits of a sauna without the severe warmth.
What is an infrared sauna?
Unlike a typical sauna, infrared saunas do not heat up the air around you. Instead, they make use of infrared lamps (that use electromagnetic radiation) to heat your body straight.
” These saunas use infrared panels instead of conventional warm to quickly penetrate human cells, warming up your body before warming up the air,” explains physiotherapist, Vivian Eisenstadt, MAPT, CPT, MASP.
An infrared sauna can run at a reduced temperature level (typically between 120 ˚F and 140 ˚F) than a conventional sauna, which is generally in between 150 ˚F and 180 ˚F.
Producers declare that in an infrared sauna, just about 20 percent of the warm goes to heat the air and also the other 80 percent directly heats your body.
Fans of infrared saunas say the heat permeates much more deeply than warmed air. This enables you to experience a more intense sweat at a lower temperature level.
Eisenstadt claims this environment is extra tolerable, which allows you to remain in the sauna much longer while increasing your core body temperature by two to three levels.
What are the expected benefits of using an infrared sauna?
The supposed benefits of using an infrared sauna resemble those experienced with a typical sauna. These include:
- far better sleep
- relief from sore muscular tissues
- remedy for joint discomfort such as arthritis
- clear and also tighter skin
- aid for people with fatigue syndrome
Individuals have been using saunas for centuries for all type of wellness conditions. While there are several studies as well as research study on typical saunas, there aren’t as lots of researches that look specifically at infrared saunas:
A small 10-person studyTrusted Resource discovered that individuals with chronic fatigue syndrome benefited from utilizing an infrared sauna as part of a general treatment.
An additional 10-person studyTrusted Resource discovered that infrared saunas helped lower muscle mass pain and also boost recuperation from strength-training sessions.
According to one testimonial, numerous researches have actually located that infrared light therapy saunas might help in reducing blood pressure.
The lack of solid evidence as well as wide-spread research studies concerning the feasible benefits of infrared saunas leaves the consumer (you) to arrange through the insurance claims made by the companies that give this service.
In a similar way, there are no records of adverse effects so far, past the cautions regarding any kind of sauna experience. These consist of the opportunities of getting too hot, dehydrating, and disturbance with drug, along with the prospective risks for those that are expectant, have heart problem, or are intoxicated of medications or alcohol, to name a few.
Fortunately: Even if your sweat session does not do every one of the things it claims to do, a minimum of it still feels great. And also, it adds to your overall wellness and also health by aiding you kick back, loosening up rigid or tight muscle mass, lowering joint pain, and providing you some much required time to yourself.
Exactly how do you use an infrared sauna?
Lots of people will do infrared sauna treatments at a gym, spa, or physician’s office, while others will purchase and build one in their house. If you choose to offer an infrared sauna a try, it is necessary to understand that they do not included global instructions.
There are guidelines you can comply with, but eventually, just how you choose to utilize an infrared sauna depends on you. Here are some tips to get you started.
Consume water. Make sure you’re hydrated before going into an infrared sauna. Consume alcohol a glass of water before your session. You can likewise bring water right into the sauna, specifically if you’re sensitive to higher heats up.
Pick the temperature. The typical temperature level for an infrared sauna ranges from 100 ˚F to 150 ˚F, with newbies starting at the lower end and more knowledgeable customers at the higher end. If this is your first time, begin with 100 ˚F. You might intend to remain at this temperature level for a couple of sessions. You can constantly raise the temperature level each session up until you reach 150 ˚F.
Size of time. For new customers, begin with 10 to 15 mins. You can include time each session up until you get to the recommended time of 20 to 30 minutes. Saunas include a timer, so see to it to establish it. You do not intend to remain in there as well long and danger coming to be dehydrated.
Clothes. Just how you gown is your choice. Some individuals will use bathing suits, while others choose to go in naked.
What you can do while in the sauna. Loosen up, review, practice meditation, pay attention to songs, or browse through with pals. Just do not go to sleep.
After the session mores than. When your session is done, it’s recommended that you take your time and also allow your body cool off. As soon as cooled down, feel free to shower or bath. Simply make sure you are drinking lots of water.
Variety of sessions per week. The majority of facilities that provide infrared sauna therapies advise utilizing the sauna 3 to 4 days per week. If you are healthy and also endure the 4 days, you can make use of the sauna daily.
What should you know prior to you try an infrared sauna?
There are a few things you ought to recognize prior to indulging in your first session.
Stay clear of making use of an infrared sauna if you’ve been drinking alcohol.
If you really feel ill or have a fever, it’s finest to wait to make use of the sauna until you’re feeling far better.
Utilizing an infrared sauna will trigger you to sweat a whole lot, so you may really feel lightheaded when you stand. If this occurs, make sure you stand up gradually and also take a seat when you leave the sauna. Drink water immediately after finishing your session as well as wait on your body to cool down prior to doing anything else.
In extreme cases, some people may experience overheating (warm stroke and also warmth fatigue) or dehydration.
If you have any health problems such as hypertension, heart problems, or are under medical care, get cleared by your physician before your very first session. Although infrared saunas have actually been found to be relatively secure, you do not wish to take any possibilities when it involves your health and wellness. | <urn:uuid:e8d2fd6b-722c-4f74-b9ee-eb5b5afa68bc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.elliottphotoinc.com/does-insurance-cover-infrared-sauna/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.939233 | 1,513 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Mary Oliver was awarded the National Book Award for New and Selected Poems, Volume One. Since its initial appearance it has become one of the best-selling volumes of poetry in the country. This collection features thirty poems published only in this volume as well as selections from the poet’s first eight books.
Mary Oliver’s perceptive, brilliantly crafted poems about the natural landscape and the fundamental questions of life and death have won high praise from critics and readers alike. “Do you love this world?” she interrupts a poem about peonies to ask the reader. “Do you cherish your humble and silky life?” She makes us see the extraordinary in our everyday lives, how something as common as light can be “an invitation/to happiness,/and that happiness,/when it’s done right,/is a kind of holiness,/palpable and redemptive.” She illuminates how a near miss with an alligator can be the catalyst for seeing the world “as if for the second time/the way it really is.” Oliver’s passionate demonstrations of delight are powerful reminders of the bond between every individual, all living things, and the natural world. | <urn:uuid:d2a879fc-7333-41bd-a8aa-1fc8ea1a5a68> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sherrydell.com/new-and-selected-poems-volume-one-by-mary-oliver/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.948394 | 256 | 1.921875 | 2 |
Coronavirus Update: Masks And Temperature Checks In Hong Kong
LULU GARCIA-NAVARRO, HOST:
We're going to turn now to the coronavirus outbreak that is believed to have started in the Chinese city of Wuhan. More than 2,000 cases have been confirmed worldwide, and 56 people have died. The most affected province in China is seeing travel restrictions that are believed to be affecting some 46 million people. And a third case has just been confirmed here in the United States in Orange County, Calif. At least six of the infected cases are in Hong Kong, and that's where NPR's global health correspondent Jason Beaubien is to give us the latest.
JASON BEAUBIEN, BYLINE: Hey, Lulu.
GARCIA-NAVARRO: What is the latest in China and Hong Kong? I mean, we're just seeing some astonishing reports.
BEAUBIEN: We are. And China continues to put in place even more travel restrictions. It's now shutting down long-haul bus service not just out of Wuhan, but out of several other provinces. Authorities are frantically trying to erect this new hospital in Wuhan out of prefabricated buildings. They claim they're going to have that up by the end of the week. And cases continue to rise pretty dramatically in China.
And here in Hong Kong, health officials say that they are stretched to the limit. I just came out of a press conference with one of the top people from the Hong Kong Health Department and another top official from the Hospital Authority, and they're putting in a bunch of new measures just to try to manage this crisis. And they're forcing nurses to work two weeks straight and then get one day off before having to return back to work.
GARCIA-NAVARRO: I mean, those are extraordinary precautions. I mean, it sounds like they're taking this extremely seriously, even though they've only had six cases so far. Why?
BEAUBIEN: The issue is that everyone who comes into a hospital in Hong Kong today has to get screened for this. They have to think that maybe this is one of these coronavirus carriers. And so they have to be isolated at first, and then they run these relatively complicated tests to confirm whether or not they do or don't have that virus. There's only so many staff that can actually do these tests, and they're being asked to do a hundred a day, is what they're saying. Yeah. It's really stretched things to the limit. And we're, as you say, just six cases so far.
GARCIA-NAVARRO: You were also able to get into a hospital, I understand, to see what things look like inside. What can you tell us?
BEAUBIEN: Yeah. I stopped by the Queen Elizabeth Hospital here in Hong Kong earlier today. The emergency room - it wasn't overflowing, but it was very busy. And everybody is in masks. The people behind the counters are in masks. The people who are in the waiting areas are in masks.
But the nurses had set up a triage station right in the middle of the waiting room that was obviously a - something new that they had put forward there. And they were dressed almost like they would be for an Ebola outbreak, covered head to toe in protective gear. And then they had these face shields - these wraparound plastic face shields to make sure that, you know, if somebody does just walk in off the street, they will be protected against them.
Authorities are very worried about what they call an invisible patient, someone who comes in and doesn't seem to have a fever and might slip through the cracks and actually end up on a ward and not be isolated and end up basically spreading it to a lot of other people in the wards, including staff.
GARCIA-NAVARRO: You were out reporting today. What else did you see and hear? And also, give us some context as to why this particular coronavirus is so frightening.
BEAUBIEN: It's frightening because we know so little about it. We don't know exactly how it spreads. We don't know how deadly it actually is going to be. I went out today to the train station and talked to people who were coming off of trains from mainland China. And people are describing just these chaotic scenes. People are terrified. People just want to get out of there. I talked to this one guy from Canada who had just gone over to visit his relatives. He was there for two days, and he planned to spend a week and just turned around and took the next train back down here to Hong Kong.
GARCIA-NAVARRO: That's NPR's global health correspondent Jason Beaubien in Hong Kong. Thank you and stay safe.
BEAUBIEN: You're welcome.
NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by an NPR contractor. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of NPR’s programming is the audio record. | <urn:uuid:c4c9c23b-896d-4a9e-a8ab-0865de71b255> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.npr.org/2020/01/26/799629297/coronavirus-update-masks-and-temperature-checks-in-hong-kong?ft=nprml&f=799629297 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.979579 | 1,082 | 1.507813 | 2 |
New Bill to ban Instant Triple Talaq tabled in Lok Sabha; Opposition raise objections
New Delhi, June 21: A fresh bill to ban the practice of instant triple talaq, the Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Bill, 2019, was tabled in the Lok Sabha by Union Minister Ravi Shankar Prasad on Friday.
Notably, the previous bill lapsed with the dissolution of 16th Lok Sabha last month. Bills passed by the Lok Sabha and pending in the Rajya Sabha lapse with the dissolution of the lower house.
Amid protest by the Congress and AIMIM's Asaduddin Owaisi, Prasad said, "This is not a matter of religion, caste or community. It is a matter of a woman's dignity and integrity. The rights of Muslim women will be protected (through this law)." Quoting Article 15 of the Constitution, he said the law is to give justice to women who were victims of instant talaq.
Shashi Tharoor of the Congress said he was opposed to triple talaq (instant divorce) but was against this bill as it conflates civil and criminal laws. He claimed it was a textbook example of class legislation as it was pointed at one community -- Muslims-- even though abandoning wives is not unique to it.
Tharoor said there should be a law universally applicable to all in case of abandoning wives.
Asaduddin Owaisi of the AIMIM took a dig at the BJP, saying it has so much affection for Muslim women but is opposed to rights of Hindu women to enter Sabrimala Temple in Kerala.
The triple talaq bill violates constitutional rights as it stipulates three-year jail term for guilty Muslim men while non-Muslim men get only one year of jail term for a similar offence, he said.
N K Premchandran of the RSP also opposed the bill.
The bill seeks to make the practice of instant triple talaq (talaq-e-biddat) a penal offence, had faced objections from the opposition parties which claimed that jail term for a man for divorcing his wife was legally untenable.
The government had promulgated the ordinance on triple talaq twice - in September 2018 and in February 2019 - as the contentious bill remained pending in the Rajya Sabha, though it was passed by the Lok Sabha.
Under the Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Ordinance, 2019, divorcing through instant triple talaq is illegal, void and will attract a jail term of three years for the husband.
Seeking to allay fears that the proposed law could be misused, the government has included certain safeguards in it such as adding a provision for bail for the accused during trial. These amendments were cleared by the Cabinet on August 29, 2018.
While the ordinance makes it a "non-bailable" offence, an accused can approach a magistrate even before trial to seek bail.
In a non-bailable offence, bail cannot be granted by police at the police station itself. A provision was added to allow the magistrate to grant bail "after hearing the wife", the government had said. | <urn:uuid:6dca166e-82eb-499b-b55e-d403b9dd915a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.oneindia.com/india/new-bill-to-ban-instant-triple-talaq-tabled-in-lok-sabha-congress-raises-objections-2907797.html?ref_medium=Desktop&ref_source=OI-EN&ref_campaign=Topic-Article | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.969957 | 651 | 1.695313 | 2 |
PFAS is everywhere. This virtually indestructible man-made substance is found in humans, wildlife, rivers, oceans, and microorganisms. Originally developed to improve products and product performance in everything from fast food wrappers to fire extinguisher foam, it now contaminates everything from bottled water to organically-grown fruits and vegetables.
Nature cannot break down the molecular bonds of PFAS which is why they are called “Forever Chemicals.” As we continue to be exposed to and ingest PFAS through food and water, physical contact with products containing PFAS, and inhalation of nanoparticles in our air, PFAS builds up and accumulates in our bodies. Even in parts-per-trillion—what would normally be considered an extremely low concentration compared to other chemicals in our system—PFAS can cause chronic health issues in humans.
To attack this challenging problem, Onvector, LLC, has developed a technology that obliterates PFAS in water. By delivering aqueous electrons that are “hot” (50 to 100 eV) Onvector’s innovative Plasma Vortex reactor essentially shock-treats water with a bolt of lightning. Plasma Vortex works together with existing PFAS remediation systems such as reverse osmosis and ion exchange in order to handle greater volumes and treat them more effectively than other current technologies.
Onvector’s Plasma Vortex technology is a definitive solution for PFAS destruction in groundwater remediation. | <urn:uuid:941af1d3-66dd-4db7-9fb9-dc3f7328ce85> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://onvector.us/applications/pfas/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.929756 | 302 | 2.84375 | 3 |
1930s/1940s Gazelle Gents’ Cross Frame
Celluloid Handlebars with Wooden Grips
Rear Wheel Cover
This Dutch cross frame has been preserved in good original unrestored condition. The Gazelle is a well-built sturdy machine. An interesting feature is the celluloid-covered roadster handlebars, a style that was popular in the late 1920s. It’s ready to ride.
Willem Kölling and Rudolf Arentsen originally had agencies to sell imported British bicycles in Holland. Like many similar companies in Europe, once a customer base had been established, they could start making and selling their own brand. Their Gazelle company was established in 1902. Gazelle still exists as one of Holland’s biggest cycle businesses.
The company expanded in the 1920s as a result of their export business in Indonesia (then known as the Dutch East Indies). They built their millionth bike in 1954, and their eight millionth bike coincided with their centenary in 1992.
1930s LADIES GAZELLE | <urn:uuid:c64fbcd0-6777-4ff5-b4f9-868eb0ddecef> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://onlinebicyclemuseum.co.uk/1940s-gazelle-gents-crossframe/?tax=tour&tid=25 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.965025 | 250 | 1.625 | 2 |
29 November 2017 – The importance of regional organizations grows with every decade that passes as they are essential to face the difficult challenges that threaten the world, United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres said Wednesday at the African Union-European Union Summit in Côte d'Ivoire.
“A strong and effective EU and a strong and effective AU are essential pillars of global cooperation for peace and security, development and human rights,” Mr. Guterres told the two organizations' fifth summit held in the capital, Abidjan. “We must continue to make progress on all simultaneously.”
Welcoming the AU-EU strategic partnership, the Secretary-General expressed the UN's commitment to support the efforts of these organizations and described how such cooperation takes place in Africa.
Three obvious examples of the importance of trilateral cooperation between the AU, the EU and the UN, are seen in Somalia, the Central African Republic and the Sahel.
“It is exactly ten years since the joint Africa-European Union strategy was adopted and the time has come to strengthen the links between the two continents,” Mr. Guterres said, noting that the two regions can enhance their cooperation in tackling some challenges facing migrants.
“When migration is done in an orderly and regulated way, migrants contribute positively to host countries and countries of origin. We will not put an end to the tragedies in the Mediterranean if we do not create significant opportunities for legal migration,” he said.
These two conditions are essential to effectively combat traffickers and smugglers of migrants.
First is to change the relationship with Africa and establish a new platform of cooperation that recognizes the enormous potential of this continent, and second is to increase joint efforts in conflict prevention and mediation.
Mr. Guterres argued that it is time to provide the appropriate means to regional organizations, including clear and strong mandates, accompanied by an evaluation mechanism and an adequate and predictable funding system.
For instance, the AU and the UN, with EU support, can help the G5-Sahel countries – Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania, and Niger – deal with transnational threats and terrorism.
“We need a force with a mandate that lives up to these threats and sustainable funding,” he said, urging the Security Council to be ambitious in its choice on this issue.
Turning to sustainable and inclusive development in Africa, the UN chief stressed the importance of investing in youth and women's empowerment.
EU-AU-UN task force to protect migrants along Mediterranean routes
Earlier in the day, Mr. Guterres attended a trilateral meeting with the Chairperson of the African Union Commission, Moussa Faki Mahamat, the President of the European Commission, Jean-Claude Juncker, and Federica Mogherini, EU High Representative and Vice President of the European Council.
They agreed to put in place a joint EU-AU-UN Task Force to save and protect lives of migrants and refugees along the Mediterranean routes and in particular inside Libya, accelerating the assisted voluntary returns to countries of origin, and the resettlement of those in need of international protection.
The Secretary-General also met with Alassane Dramane Ouattara, President of Côte d'Ivoire to exchange views on the situation in the country and the sub-region. The Secretary-General reaffirmed the UN's commitment to continued support for the country in consolidating peace and inclusive and sustainable development, following the withdrawal of UN peacekeeping force. | <urn:uuid:289c34dc-c4d7-4124-bc9c-fa607d9b5c62> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://reliefweb.int/report/world/c-te-divoire-un-chief-spotlights-importance-au-eu-strategic-partnership | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.933187 | 726 | 2.046875 | 2 |
School districts across the country expect the demand for online learning options to remain above pre-pandemic levels. Some are launching new virtual schools or preparing to accommodate future enrollment. BY BRANDON PAYKAMIAN / MARCH 24, 2021
While virtual learning and teaching have come with a plethora of challenges, some K-12 educators are more confident than ever about their remote capabilities after more than a year of virtual schooling during COVID-19 school closures. According to a February survey by the RAND Corporation American School District Panel, about 20 percent of schools now plan to establish and expand online courses for the handful of families who’ve welcomed the change of pace and flexibility of virtual learning.
Education officials from coast to coast say they’re bracing for an unprecedented increase in demand for online learning options in the years to come. And plans are underway to help meet that demand via the establishment of new virtual academies and the expansion of existing programs.
Jordan Virtual Academy Established in Utah
In Utah’s Jordan School District, officials are gearing up to offer the system’s newly established Jordan Virtual Learning Academy for students next fall. The new school, announced in December, is projected to serve at least 1,200 of the district’s current 3,000 virtual students through virtual core curriculum courses found elsewhere in the district, including math, reading and the sciences.
Principal Spencer Campbell said most of the new academy’s elementary students will attend virtual classes together in the morning, while others can choose to complete coursework asynchronously, meaning they can view lectures and finish coursework according to their schedules. Students can also choose to take a handful of hands-on art courses at in-person district campuses.
“There’s a little more flexibility as you move up through the [grade] levels,” he noted.
Campbell, a former virtual learning trainer, said educators feel more prepared to teach virtual classes after nearly a year of facilitating remote learning. He noted that 40 to 50 teachers from within the district have already applied to work with the new academy, made up of Kings Peak High School, Kelsey Peak Virtual Middle School, and Rocky Peak Virtual Elementary School.
“We had a lot of interest. Some of our positions had five, six, seven applicants that were within the district,” he said. “We also hired special ed teachers as well to work with our special needs students.”
Since most of the school’s staff come from within Jordan, officials expect the academy to be a cost-effective solution funded mainly through the district. However, administrators had not determined the exact cost of the school as of Wednesday. Campbell explained that while Utah’s schools are funded according to enrollment, some students may elect to take a couple classes virtually and others in-person. Because of this, he said, administrators are still exploring funding mechanisms.
“If we’re talking any student taking an online course, it will probably be about 2,000, 2,200. A lot of those will come from the high school level just taking one or two classes,” he said. “Full-time students, I would imagine, will be about 800 or 1,000.”
Butterfield Canyon Elementary School fifth-grade instructor Kasey Chambers said educators and administrators in the district had been discussing a new virtual academy since before the pandemic put the need at the forefront and put teachers’ virtual capabilities to the test. Though many were initially reluctant about going virtual, Chambers said she’s now looking forward to being part of something new in Jordan next semester.
“The challenge is that nobody has done this before for the majority of the time. We were all kind of thrust into it and doing the best we can with our expertise. As the year has progressed, we’ve gotten pretty good at it,” she said. “When the school opens, we’re really going to up our game.”
CAVA Hires More Teachers to Meet Demand
California Virtual Academies (CAVA) recently hired over 100 teachers to help facilitate enrollment growth, which has reached its brim with more than 15,000 students during the 2020-21 school year. Over the course of the pandemic, the K-12 charter academy system has witnessed growth not seen since its founding nearly 20 years ago.
April Warren, CAVA’s head of schools, said the school expects to retain many of these new students who enrolled for the first time during the 2020-21 school year, though projections for the fall still remain largely speculative. While many of those new students are new to full-time virtual learning, Warren thinks CAVA is up to the task of meeting the growing demand for online classes.
“We are hopeful many of those students will stay with us for the upcoming school year,” she said. “It is [still] too early to tell at this time what the enrollment for the upcoming school year will look like.”
Through the help of state funding, Warren said CAVA students can access comprehensive courses found in most brick-and-mortar schools, including world language courses. The school also offers Advanced Placement, career technical education and dual enrollment options that allow high school students to take college courses for both college and high school credits. The school also tailors instruction for some special needs students.
Similar to other online schools offering asynchronous learning options, Warren said CAVA gives students and teachers more flexibility throughout the school year compared to other traditional in-person public schools.
“While some traditional school experiences are not available in our setting — for example, competitive sports — students have more flexibility and support to develop other interests, such as afterschool jobs, community service or travel experiences,” she said. “For educators, they’re a part of a school designed to meet the individual needs of students … The model allows them to work with students individually or in small groups in ways the traditional school model struggles to provide.”
NC Virtual Expects Continued Growth
NC Virtual, a tuition-free supplemental online school in North Carolina, offers about 130 different courses and employs nearly 750 part-time and full-time instructors who now teach tens of thousands of students.
Executive Director Eliz Colbert said online learning at NC Virtual has been gaining popularity over the years since the school was established in 2007, but the pandemic boosted enrollment in the spring of 2020 and the 2020-21 school year.
“For the last several years, NC Virtual has averaged enrollment numbers of around 50,000 students in full-course credit classes. This year, we are on pace to exceed 60,000. I say ‘full-credit courses’ because some online schools count course enrollments by half credits. That is an important distinction to note,” she said in an email. “If we counted half credits, we would be exceeding 100,000.”
According to Colbert, the school is now planning to expand its course catalog, which currently includes foreign language classes and career courses, as well as K-12 core classes found in other public schools.
“We have 11 different world languages, a group of career technical education courses, and about 16 Advanced Placement courses,” she said, adding that courses sometimes vary by semester. “We are also growing our middle school course offerings.”
The school operates under a state enrollment-based funding formula similar to California, which works through a three-year rolling projection model so schools can budget ahead of each year, with reserve funds for drastic changes in enrollment.
“If a student enrolls for one class with us and the other six at their local [in-person] school, NC Virtual gets the money for the percentage of the one course through the average daily membership (ADM) formula for that particular district,” Colbert explained.
While learning loss has been a major concern for schools not used to full-time remote learning, Colbert noted that the school’s state test scores and AP scores generally match up well when compared with scores from the state’s in-person public school students, though state testing data has been limited during the pandemic.
Colbert said other schools often look to NC Virtual for help facilitating remote learning through programs like its Partnership Courses program. Colbert said programs such as this have “taken off” faster than expected during the pandemic as teachers and administrators throughout North Carolina continue navigating the challenges of virtual learning.
“Many districts in North Carolina want local virtual academies, but building a standards-aligned course catalog is most difficult,” she said.
Brandon Paykamian Staff Writer
Brandon Paykamian is a staff writer for Government Technology. He has a bachelor’s degree in journalism from East Tennessee State University and more than four years of experience as a multimedia reporter, mainly focusing on public education and higher ed. | <urn:uuid:c7fdf70d-8fee-46b0-a18f-2fb43558cb01> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.voxtandem.com/author/johnc/page/2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.966778 | 1,854 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Success in multiple choice question (MCQ) examinations relies on knowledge of the syllabus and skill in answering the questions. Practice is essential in improving success in answering MCQs. This book is intended as a revision aid for candidates preparing for the MCQ papers of the FRCS (ORL-HNS) examination, and also the DO-HNS. The style and format of the questions in the book mirrors exactly the format of the examination questions, and covers all of the relevant topics. Answers and comprehensive explanatory notes are provided, along with links to relevant websites and key journal articles for further reference. In common with the examination, the book features illustrations and diagrams to illustrate the cases discussed. The book is divided into two main sections: Single Best Answers (SBAs) and Extended Matching Items (EMIs) both of which are found in the exams. The first section is further divided into chapters by topic: basic sciences; rhinology and facial plastic surgery; otology and neuro-otology; head and neck; and paediatric ENT.
The book will be invaluable for candidates revising for the FRCS (ORL-HNS) or DO-HNS, but also for other ENT surgeons wishing to revise their ENT knowledge.show more | <urn:uuid:aa997ad5-9a90-49e6-ab1c-befbe4110661> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.abcbooksllc.com/products/9780199533947-mcqs-for-ent-specialist-revision-guide-for-the-frcs | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.934474 | 257 | 2.4375 | 2 |
Welcome To The Itil Open Guide!
The Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) defines the organisational structure and skill requirements of an information technology organisation and a set of standard operational management procedures and practices to allow the organisation to manage an IT operation and associated infrastructure. The operational procedures and practices are supplier independent and apply to all aspects within the IT Infrastructure.
ITIL was originally created by the CCTA
under the auspices of the British government, and ITIL is a registered trademark of the UK Government's Office of Government Commerce (usually known as the OGC
Within these sets are the specific descriptions and definitions of the various ITIL practices and disciplines.
For corporate/organizational certification, the relevant emerging standard is ISO 20000
. This is quickly emerging to be a central driver for ITSM, and is conceptually the framework within which ITIL itself operates
The 'open' ITIL FAQ
is intended to answer a number of common questions, including those related to ITIL v2
This site represents a community effort to explain and document ITIL as simply as possible. As a collaborative site, you are invited to contribute. If you have ITIL knowledge, please help us to improve the content of our website. Unfortunately we can’t offer any reward because the website doesn’t show advertising and therefore doesn’t generate income. The hosting is provided by A2 Hosting for a really cheap price; we applied their promo code
during the checkout.
THE OPEN GUIDE
This is an Open and Public Site for ITIL professionals and students. It is maintained by the ITIL community itself. Please feel free to contribute.
THE ITIL BOOKS
The ITIL volumes themselves are supplied worldwide via the publishers, TSO Books
To interact directly on ITIL related issues, the major user forums are the ITIL Community and the ITIL Yahoo Group. | <urn:uuid:a8f39177-bc62-41e8-a881-023d43f5a316> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.itlibrary.org/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.905785 | 412 | 2.046875 | 2 |
12th April 2019
4 Apps to Help YOU Stay Focused
It’s pretty much guaranteed that throughout your revision and getting prepared for your exams, you’re going to get distracted. Because, let’s face it… Exams aren’t fun.
However, we have a few apps for your phone that will help you with your lifestyle and also provide incentives for staying focused and avoiding the distraction of your phone and therefore making you better prepared for those pesky exams. Without any further ado, let’s see what these apps are.
Forest: Stay Focused
Forest provides an interesting solution to beat your phone addiction.
You can plant a seed in Forest and you set a time for that seed to grow into a tree. If you can’t resist the temptation to leave the app to check your Facebook or play a game, your tree will wither away. Stay focused and your seed will turn into a fully grown tree and add one tree to your virtual forest. It’s a nice way to have a display of the progress you’ve made with your focused time throughout your revision.
- Turn your focused time into a lovely forest
- Manage your own tags and view the detailed statistics about how you allocate your time
- Compete with friends and users around the world
- Earn rewards and unlock more tree species
This app is available on both iOS and Android devices. On Android it is free however, on iOS it costs £1.99, so a no-brainer for Android users but still not a massive expense for iPhone users.
My Water Balance
My Water helps you drink water regularly, calculate your intake and gives you notifications when you need to drink more stay properly hydrated.
Hydration has a major effect on energy levels and brain function. Water is essential to good health and drinking a glass can make our brains 14% faster. This app can help ensure you drink enough fluids.
- Water requirement calculator
- Statistics in graphs
- Motivational awards
- Useful tips about water
This app is available on both iOS and Android and is absolutely free! So there is no reason to not be hydrated and keep your body and your brain working at its best.
Colouring isn’t just for children. Colouring generates wellness, quietness and also stimulates brain areas related to motor skills, the senses and creativity.
You may not think it but colouring really helps with your mental health. In fact, focusing in finding the right colour for the picture can really help with depression.
- Share your work via social media and messaging platforms
- Stress relief
- Works offline – Turn off your WiFi, turn off from the world
- Paint your own drawings – Use the camera to take a picture of your own drawing on paper and then give it the colour it deserves.
Colorfy is available on both iOS and Android for free so make sure to break up your revision sessions with some down time doing some colouring.
From the same developers that made ‘Forest’ at the top of the list, ‘Sleep Town’ is an app where you construct amazing buildings just by achieving your bedtime and wake-up goals every day.
Try it tonight. Put down your phone before going to bed and build your very own Sleep Town while you sleep. It’s designed to encourage a healthy, regular cycle of sleep with this virtual reward and way of recognising the good impact your sleep is having on you. It’s also a good way of conditioning your brain to work better at the times your exams will be. For example, if you know it takes about 4 hours from waking up with 8 hours sleep for you to be at your peak and your exam is at 10am, try using this app to set your wake up time to be 6am and be asleep by 10pm the night before.
Regulate your sleep in just 3 steps:
- Set a challenging bedtime and wake-up goal
- Open Sleep Town before your bedtime to start constructing a building
- Wake up before your wake-up goal and see which building you built last night
Then repeat these steps to achieve a regular sleeping schedule and also have a much livelier Sleep Town!
This is available on both iOS and Android. Whilst it is free on Android, it is £1.99 for iOS. But either way, it is worth having to encourage a steadier sleeping cycle.
Thank you to Denise Labajo, Study Skills and E-Learning Support Services at South Devon College, for the support with this article. | <urn:uuid:04fb75c2-630d-44c2-9386-8ce39a803e68> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.southdevon.ac.uk/news/2019/04/12/4-apps-to-help-you-stay-focused | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.934656 | 968 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Table of Contents
The largest democracy in the world opened up its third phase of vaccination drive from 1st May 2021. Ever since we have heard countless stories and updates on social and print media about how the government apps and sites of Arogya Setu and COWIN have crashed and failed to offer vaccination slots to those wanting to register their names for vaccination. The third phase of Covid-19 vaccine registrations opened up for the major bulk of the Indian population – for people aged between 18 to 45 years. Considering there has been an unprecedented increase in the number of cases of Covid-19 in the last month, there has been an overwhelming rush to use the two government apps for registering for the Covid vaccine. Another reason people are rushing up is the news about the lesser quantities of vaccines available at vaccination centres.
Amidst all this confusion, many private entities are trying their best to prove their worth and contribute in whatever little ways they can towards this massive vaccination drive. FITPASS, India’s premium fitness-based app that helps connect fitness centres across the country with fitness aficionados, has also risen to the occasion and launched its very own vaccination finder for its members.
Let us first understand how the app is going to help people. Whether you have a FITPASS membership or not, you can use the app to register for the Coronavirus vaccine. The app uses the CoWIN API to help every Indian citizen find a vaccination centre close and the available slot at the centre for vaccination. If the slots are available, the user can book immediately, while if the slot is unavailable, the user will be informed about an available slot via email or SMS on their registered email id and phone number, respectively.
Go onto the site https://vaccinateme.fitpass.co.in/. A very simple to use website that even the aged or people who are not very technical savvy can use, helps you check the nearest vaccination center. To do so, you need to either enter your district or the pin code. On doing so, you will be immediately taken to the next page, where you can select the date and your age group to find a slot. If there is more than one vaccination centre in your location, and all of them have slots available, the site will ask you to choose from the list and then take you to the CoWin App to sign in and register for a vaccination slot. If slots are not available, you can click the option ‘Notify me when a slot opens up,’ and you will be sent a notification to this effect via SMS or email.
FITPASS is a one-of-its-kind fitness app in India with the largest network of fitness centres. The app also offers amazing services that help members lead a healthier and fitter life. The FITFEAST helps members interact with personal nutritionists, while the FITCOACH - AI-based fitness coach ARIA monitors your habits and preferences to create specialized workout routines based on your needs and goals. ARIA learns about you and your fitness preferences with each completed workout. Members can use the FITPASS-TV for exercising live with other fitness enthusiasts and certified fitness trainers from the comfort of their homes. Use the website or the app to access impressive FITPASS offers and membership plans and stay active and energetic. | <urn:uuid:77b38a99-3dce-4032-9dd2-ce5cd72dbcf0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fitpass.co.in/blog/fitpass-facilitates-the-easy-booking-of-vaccination-slots | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.941553 | 683 | 1.523438 | 2 |
RCAS Awarded Wisconsin Humanities Recovery Grant
Funded in part by a grant from Wisconsin Humanities, with funds from the National Endowment for the Humanities and the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, the Roy Chapman Andrews Society was awarded a Wisconsin Humanities Recovery Grant*
In mid-April the Society will unveil the exhibit, “A Visual History of Roy Chapman Andrews, Beloit’s Native Son” at the Beloit Public Library, funded in part by the Wisconsin Humanities grant.
The exhibit will include banners of historic adventure photos provided by the American Museum of Natural History, where Andrews was once the director, and never-before-seen exploration artifacts and personal photos of Andrews’s life and career donated by his granddaughter.
To accompany this self-guided exhibit at the Beloit Public Library, a free public lecture introducing the exhibit and Andrews’s life as a world-famous explorer will be presented by local writer and former Society board member Ann Bausum, who authored Andrews’s biography: “Dragon Bones and Dinosaur Eggs: A Photobiography of Explorer Roy Chapman Andrews.
This collaborative activity will memorialize the legacy of this internationally renowned scientist, explorer, author, and educator of the 20th century, who was born and raised in Beloit and graduated from Beloit College in 1906
* Wisconsin Humanities strengthens the roots of community life through educational and cultural programs that inspire civic participation and individual imagination.
Help Support This Effort
Anyone wishing to be a part of the 2022 Distinguished Explorer Award event and 100th Anniversary Celebration can do so by clicking here.
Components of the exhibit will include four double-sided exhibit banners which will depict the story of Andrews’s life and purpose of the Roy Chapman Andrews Society; an Illuminated lockable display case will showcase Andrews’s expedition artifacts; A Sign stand with literature holders for promotional brochures that explain the exhibit and promote the Society and its programs.
Entire Personnel, Third Asiatic Expedition, Mongolia 1925
Photographer: James B. Shackelford, American Museum of Natural History
Can you spot Roy? | <urn:uuid:3a138b37-bb11-4663-a49c-5734445fa1d5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://roychapmanandrewssociety.org/wisconsin-humanities-recovery-grant/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.923127 | 444 | 1.921875 | 2 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.