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It is the nation’s public health system, not the military, that is squarely in the path of terrorist attacks using biological weapons, and it is the public health system that should be strengthened to deal with future assaults, according to experts gathered at the School of Public Health last week (Oct. 25-26).
The discussion drew approximately 300 people to the Special Dean’s Symposium titled “Bioterrorism: Public Health Peril/Public Health Response.” The three-hour symposium took place over two days and featured experts in biological weapons and in the public health response to the wave of anthrax infections.
School of Public Health Dean Barry Bloom said that the symposium was planned shortly after the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks but before the recent spate of anthrax mailings raised the profile of biological weapons.
“This is a very exciting thing for us, and timely in a way that wasn’t anticipated,” Bloom said.
The symposium’s first day featured David Franz, former commander of the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases; Margaret Hamburg, vice president for biological programs of the Nuclear Threat Initiative; and Matthew Meselson, Thomas Dudley Cabot Professor of the Natural Sciences at Harvard and co-director of the Harvard Sussex Program on CBW Armament and Arms Limitation.
On the second day, Jonathan Burstein, a research scientist on emergency and disaster public health sciences at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and a doctor at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center’s Emergency Medicine Department, and Massachusetts Commissioner of Public Health Howard Koh addressed the symposium.
Together, the speakers painted a picture of the current danger from bioweapons as being very different from the situation that was often anticipated in the past. During the Cold War, the United States envisioned bioweapons being used on soldiers in a battlefield situation. Consequently, the military has been trained in what to do in the event of a biological or chemical weapons attack. The public has not.
It may be difficult to prevent the manufacture of biological weapons because much of the equipment used to culture biological agents, such as large fermenters, are legitimately used in other applications, like growing disease organisms to create vaccines – or culturing yeast to brew beer.
There is also a lot of expertise on biological warfare on the market, Franz said. Much of it stems from the collapse of the Soviet Union, which put 30,000 to 40,000 scientists who worked at the USSR’s former biological weapons labs out of work.
“The important issue is there were 30,000 to 40,000 scientists and engineers working at Soviet weapons facilities and they were suddenly out of work. They had families to support, children to feed,” Franz said. “The concern in this country is where did they go?”
Franz presented a list of possible biological agents that include bubonic plague, smallpox, anthrax, foot-and-mouth disease, African swine fever, and others. He said biological weapons vary greatly in their virulence and effectiveness. The contagious diseases such as smallpox that would make the best weapons are also the most difficult to handle and could even infect terrorists working with them.
The easiest diseases to work with, from a terrorist’s viewpoint, are agents such as anthrax, which though potentially deadly, are not contagious and whose ability to infect someone varies greatly. The danger from an external release, through a bomb or a crop duster, for example, would depend on the atmospheric conditions.
Another problem is that it can be very difficult to detect an actual outbreak. Many of the most likely agents first appear with flulike symptoms, which most medical personnel will treat as a more mundane condition. Several of the speakers called on greater training of medical personnel so they can recognize potential infections of more exotic illnesses – such as anthrax .
“We were taught [in medical school] that if you hear hoofbeats, don’t think zebra, think horse,” Hamburg said. “But now we have to at least rule out zebra. [Doctors] need to at least … learn to recognize something unusual and know who to call if they do.”
The government is going to spend a lot of money to fight the current anthrax scare and prepare for the next one. That money should be spent as much as possible, the speakers agreed, to strengthen the public health system – through training, vaccine research, building vaccine stockpiles – so it’s well-prepared for another such emergency.
“Public health is public safety and we now realize it’s an important pillar of our national security framework. We need to address it as if it were that important,” Hamburg said.
Massachusetts Public Health Commissioner Koh said communications with the public have to be improved, particularly with respect to accurately relaying risk. Even though several people have died of inhalational anthrax nationwide and even though the Massachusetts public health system is mobilized and on the lookout for anthrax cases, there has been no trace of the agent so far in this state.
“In Massachusetts, there have been no deaths, no cases, no infections, no documented exposure, yet the level of public anxiety is truly extraordinary,” Koh said.
In Boston, the public health system is already set up to at least identify a disease outbreak that results from either bioterrorism or naturally occurring epidemics, according to Burstein. Beginning last summer, each day hospitals automatically send counts of the number of people seen in their emergency rooms to a central computer at the Boston Public Health Commission, which compares the daily total with historical data and sends out alerts if the day’s numbers are higher.
The system so far has picked up an increased number of illnesses from a heat wave and a couple of outbreaks of gastrointestinal illnesses, Burstein said. That illustrates that strengthening the public health system can improve defense both against biological terrorism and naturally occurring conditions.
“We can meet the challenge. We’ve done it before for unintended epidemics, and we can do it again,” Burstein said. | <urn:uuid:61d20ca0-74b8-48cc-813c-f1e36c204a4f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2001/11/sph-bioterrorism-discussion-timely/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.962799 | 1,270 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Where do people go
When they are dispossessed?
When the home they know
Is no longer seen as theirs,
When their beds are tossed out,
And those boxes beneath the stairs
Regarded as trash by the soulless ****
Whose only motive is greed?
I have seen images of them in a group,
Walking down a road to nowhere,
Or out on desert sand, wandering.
Where can they go and not be harassed
By owners with no sympathy?
What boat will carry them to another shore
Where they are met with friendship
And not seen as enemies?
How strange and terrible to see them,
All walking in the same way,
Heads down and shoulders bent,
Many carrying a child
Or remnants of a home enfolded.
When they reach borders,
They are stopped and questioned,
Crowded, as are sheep in a pen.
So many are turned away
And some, desperate they become,
Board small boats with promises
To take them to freedom,
Only to founder and sink,
So that the sea becomes
Their last, dark home.
Others consider themselves lucky
To find a tent or metal van
Which they must take away
From those with property,
And keep moving, herded
Like those same sheep,
Yet now almost wild,
Huddling together with strangers
Near a fire in vast and empty lands
That play slow and vivid sunsets
To soothe the rootless host?
They tell each other stories
Of their home or hard journeys,
Give counsel to evade the dogs
That prey on those who wander.
And on those nights in endless lands,
And a dome not veiled by earthly light,
But dazzling the wanderers
With millions of shimmering stars,
That sends dreams of others gone astray
And they lament their fate as their own,
As unknown brothers and sisters,
Who, bewildered, weep for them as well.
This built on itself from a worry about where the people go when they are old or lose their homes. I then had images of people in a similar dilemma, at borders, such as the U.S./Mexico one, or refugees in the Middle East, or those made "nomads" by economic collapse and the decision to live in tents or vans, out under the sky--free but vulnerable. Also, some of this was inspired by "Nomadland". | <urn:uuid:8c593048-f746-4bad-9397-79c879a75f78> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hellopoetry.com/tag/wanderers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.944809 | 513 | 1.929688 | 2 |
The main purpose of this event is to form a discussion platform and to make an intellectual contribution to the perspective of the Islamic world’s building of soft power/public diplomacy and to the global women governance.
In the World Muslim Women Summit and Exhibition | WISE 2022 to be held within the institutional framework of the World Islamic Forum, in addition to “Women and Innovation in Future Education“, it is planned to form a discussion platform and an activity, where the problems that Modern women have to face in the modern time are discussed, and where solution recommendations are developed, and where global solution searches for global problems will take place in an interaction platform to be formed by those participants coming from all over the world.
The main purpose of the activity is to form a discussion platform and to make an intellectual contribution to the perspective of the Islamic world’s building of soft power/public diplomacy and to the global women governance. And in the workshop studies foreseen as parallel to the macro discussions, it is adopted to make the presentation announcement as based on project/program in order for the project/policy recommendations to be discussed and the concrete results to be reached.
Women and Innovation in Future Education
Social Gender in Education
Increasing Girls’ Access to Education
Knowledge Intensive Economy
Social Gender’s Role in the Choice of Profession
Changing Needs of Business Life | <urn:uuid:b6f24bf4-2f3f-4e62-ba57-46d715b06dd4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://ijtihadnet.com/world-muslim-women-summit-and-exhibition-2022/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.910871 | 291 | 2.28125 | 2 |
Oxygen (O2) and Carbon Dioxide (CO2) are the two gases to be detected and controlled. Of interest might be a query of the evolutionary origin of each. From the cooling of the Big Bang (~13.8 Billion Years Ago [BYA]) came a quark-gluon plasma from which protons and neutrons emerged, producing H, He, Li. As H and He collapsed into the first stars at ~13.3 BYA carbon and monatomic oxygen were generated. Some 3 billion years ago greater amounts of diatomic oxygen (O2) were provided by earth’s photosynthesizing bacteria until earth’s atmosphere had sufficient amounts to sustain the life processes of multicellular animals, and finally higher vertebrates. Origin of CO2 is somewhat unclear, though it probably came from the erupting early volcanoes. Photosynthesis produced sugars with O2 a waste product. Animal life took sugars and O2 needed for life. Clearly, animal detection and control of each was critical. Many chapters involving great heroes describe phases involved in detecting each, both in the CNS and in peripheral detectors. The carotid body (CB) has played a crucial role in the detection of each. What reflex responses the stimulated CB generates, and the mechanisms as to how it does so have been a fascinating story over the last 1.5 centuries, but principally over the last 50 years. Explorations to detect these gases have proceeded from the organismal/system/ organ levels down to the sub-cell and genetic levels. | <urn:uuid:c2702571-d129-4dba-b924-3bc3085b47c9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jhu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/osub2subcosub2sub-biological-detection-to-homeostatic-control | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.944825 | 317 | 3.296875 | 3 |
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As more yoga teachers incorporate music into their classes. The question is, does it distract, or enhance the practice? Yoga practitioners debate the merits of music.
Drop in on a yoga class anywhere in America, and chances are good that you’ll hear a melody wafting from a nearby boom box or stereo. Be it Sanskrit mantras, soft synthesizer textures, or even contemporary indie hits, music is often an integral part of yoga instruction in the West.
But Krishnamacharya, the father of modern yoga and teacher of B.K.S. Iyengar, K. Pattabhi Jois, and T.K.V. Desikachar, did not hold trance dances for his students. “Even 15 years ago in the United States, you didn’t hear music in yoga class,” says Sharon Gannon, the cofounder of Jivamukti Yoga Center in Manhattan. Gannon and her partner, David Life, played a pioneering role in bringing music into the yoga studio.
Musicians themselves (check out Neti-Neti by their group, Audio Letter), Gannon and Life helped foster the careers of Jai Uttal and Krishna Das, among others. They worked closely with musician Bill Laswell in creating his asana series of albums and the Meta record label. Gannon says she and Life are merely applying bhakti yoga to asana practice, by introducing devotional chanting and live music in class.
“David and I studied yoga scriptures, and the Hatha Yoga Pradipika in particular emphasizes music. It says the whole purpose behind Hatha yoga is to purify the nadis (energy centers) so that you can hear the inner, primal sound current—the sound of Om. Listening to certain kinds of music can help you develop this capacity for hearing. And so the playing of music became part of the method of yoga that David and I teach.”
The Importance of Silence in a Class
Aadil Palkhivala, a teacher who has practiced yoga since his childhood in India, thinks differently. For Purna Yoga—a method he synthesized from classically based traditions including Iyengar Yoga, Ayurveda, and the teachings of Sri Aurobindo and others—Palkhivala has chosen quiet. “There is a very big place for music in the world, but there is no place for music in yoga class,” he says.
“My teaching is designed to help the student find his or her own nature—the divinity within,” Palkhivala continues. “And that cannot be done while music is playing. Music becomes an impediment—a distraction. Many people need that distraction because they’re so caught up in their own minds. But I would ask, why are we so afraid of silence?”
Setting the Pace with Music
Of course, silence is not what all yoga teachers are trying to avoid when they turn up the volume. “If you’re teaching yoga in a health club, music is a must,” says Beth Shaw, founder of YogaFit Training Systems Worldwide. “Music can help mask exterior sounds from weights, cardio machines, and people talking outside.”
Shaw has created several YogaFit CDs, compiling tracks by everyone from tribal trance dance innovators Gabrielle Roth & The Mirrors to ambient electronic artists like The Essence and Solar Moon System. Most YogaFit CDs include tunes for warming up, working out, and cooling down so instructors don’t have to change CDs during class. Shaw says with CDs teachers can stop checking the clock: “When the music starts to slow, you know it’s time to cool down and do deep, relaxing stretches.”
Decisions about playing music are highly individualized. While it seems pretty certain that music during practice isn’t traditional, many contemporary teachers and students are trying to balance the classical wisdom of yoga with the realities of modern life. Fortunately, for those who do opt to play background tunes, there is an abundance of music recorded for yogis with Western ears. | <urn:uuid:359fa480-d0b9-43ec-977f-7ec799aba97a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.yogajournal.com/teach/teaching-methods/should-yoga-teachers-play-music-in-class/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.95824 | 895 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Episode 10 - FERPA in the 21st Century
The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) was enacted in 1974 in a completely different technological paradigm than we find ourselves in today. What are the ways these technological advances affect how we interpret and apply FERPA? What role should the registrar play at an institution with regard to FERPA training and compliance? Helen Garrett from the University of Washington shares her insights and expertise in this FERPA-focused conversation.
Helen Garrett, University Registrar and Chief Officer, Enrollment Information Services
Office of the University Registrar, University of Washington
Enrollment Information Services | <urn:uuid:2f0a709e-0538-4dcc-b118-e5c036660d74> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.aacrao.org/resources/newsletters-blogs/for-the-record/article/for-the-record/2019/08/21/episode-10--ferpa-compliance | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.890676 | 143 | 2.234375 | 2 |
“Many countries are now starting to lift the lockdowns and relax the earlier stringent movement restrictions. The African Youth Front on Coronavirus believes that this is the best period to address the issues which were revealed as a result of the pandemic.”
On January 27, 2020, Africa Centre for Disease Control (CDC) activated its emergency operations centre and its incident management system for the COVID-19 outbreak. Shortly after, on February 22, the African Union Ministers of health met in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, for an emergency COVID-19 meeting where a joint continental strategy was agreed on to create a guide for testing, movement restrictions and monitoring of at-risk population for the COVID-19 virus.
The Africa CDC under the leadership of the African Union was proactive and showed decisive leadership in providing a prompt strategy for a continental response. In addition to this, on May 6, the African Union, recognizing that the majority of the continent’s population is young people, established the African Youth Front on Coronavirus. This group was created to incorporate the efforts of youth leaders at the grassroots in the decisions being made by the African Union, on not only the response to the pandemic itself, but also the mitigation of the socio-economic issues which were exposed and worsened by the pandemic. This makes the African Union the first (and perhaps only) intergovernmental organization to create a high level policy and advocacy framework for young people to co-lead Africa’s response to the pandemic.
The African Youth Front on Coronavirus, an Innovation of the African Union
The African Youth Front on Coronavirus was not just created by random selection. A bottom-up approach was adopted through the Virtual AU Youth Consultations on COVID-19 with youth groups, national youth councils, students, and young women’s groups, among other actors. The aim of these consultations was to collect from young grassroots leaders information on the situation of the pandemic in their locality: what had been done and what the most pressing challenges were. Out of these consultations, youth networks nominated representatives who would speak for them and represent their voices and opinions and champion the various initiatives of the African Union through Africa CDC. This group functions under the leadership of the African Union Special Envoy on Youth.
Since its Inception, the Youth Front has discussed and developed several policy briefs and recommendations to assist Africa CDC in its response to the global pandemic. In May, the group developed a policy brief on youth contributions to the Partnership to Accelerate COVID-19 Tests, including proposals to support Africa CDC in their goal to test 10 million Africans in 6 months. In June, the youth front circulated a survey in 4 languages—English Swahili, French and Arabic—to assess the methods through which young Africans access COVID-19 information. This survey gathered 1,130+ responses from all regions of the continent, and the results gleaned were developed into a policy brief submitted to Africa CDC to give insight on the best way to disseminate information to youth and what channels should be prioritized. As part of the Youth Front’s efforts to support Africa CDC with reaching youth with relevant and scientific information, on June 17, the Youth Front collaborated with Africa CDC on Risk Communication webinar for youth, in order to educate and mobilize young leaders to actively be involved in the dissemination of reliable and credible information on the pandemic. In July, the group focused majorly on exploring the impact of COVID-19 on vulnerable youth and the best ways in which these youth can be supported.
The impacts of the pandemic on African youth
As part of their ongoing engagement, on June 22 and 29, 2020, the African Youth Front on Coronavirus held discussions on the impact of COVID-19 on youth and the most immediate post-lockdown needs, coordinated by the representatives of the National Youth Council of The Gambia and the National Youth Council of Cameroon. Some of the guiding questions for the discussions included:
- How has the pandemic affected youth in your constituency?
- What is the state of vulnerable youth?
- What are the most immediate post lockdown needs of young people in your constituency?
During these discussions, the youth leaders noted that young people were not affected as much by the actual virus as compared to the much older populations. They also noted that deaths from the pandemic in their immediate communities were not very high when compared with global trends. However, the youth leaders emphasized the socio-economic impact of the pandemic which was disproportionately heavier on young people and had dire consequences for many African youth. In addition, the global pandemic exposed the inadequacies of infrastructure, healthcare, governance, and social protection in many African countries.
The points below illustrate the major areas that the members of the Youth Front uncovered as being major impacts of the pandemic on youth:
Interruption of education: A member of the African Youth Front is the Federation of African Medical Students Associations noted that the education of many of their members had been interrupted, as many institutions did not have the necessary structure to support out-of-classroom learning. In counties where online learning was attempted, access for these students was a consistent challenge due to poor internet connectivity and high costs, lack of electricity and unconducive home environments.
Rising Unemployment: Work in the informal sector is the standard economic condition of most youth in Africa. In the discussions, the Southern African Youth Forum representatives noted that due to imposed lockdowns many youth had lost their sources of livelihood as youth were majorly involved in this form of vulnerable employment. Another member, the National Youth Council of Namibia stressed the mass retrenchment of many workers even in the formal sector as companies were either closing down or slimming their workforce to cope with the reduction in economic activity and revenue. In this same vein, the Youth Front members representing the East African Community Youth Ambassadors Platform reported that many youth in their constituency, prior to the pandemic, had commenced activities to be economically empowered via starting up small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Unfortunately, the global pandemic negatively affected these activities greatly.
Gender-based violence: The reports on gender-based violence and child marriages were well elaborated by the consultations held by the African Women Leaders Network (Young Leaders Caucus), which highlighted significant increases in violence in many African countries, such as Nigeria, where reported cases of gender-based violence increased by 56% after just two weeks of lockdown. They noted that these cases were on the rise with many of the survivors being trapped with their aggressors and having limited access to external support and care. In addition, the network reported an increase in female genital mutilation in countries such as Somalia, where the school closures, lack of access to healthcare facilities, and slowing down of activities in institutions that should serve to uphold justice had created an enabling environment for targeted violence against women and girls. Another trend reported was a spike in teenage pregnancies in Kenya during the lockdowns.
The representatives of Moremi Initiative Leadership Empowerment and Development Network (MILEAD) further contributed to these discussions stating that it was mostly young women who had been affected by financial instability and unemployment. They noted that many of these young women were now burdened with more unpaid domestic labour and their condition was further worsened by the financial hardship which many households now faced.
Nutrition and other health impacts: On the worsening of the conditions of vulnerable youth, the Refugee Led Organizations Network is represented on the Youth Front by a young female leader who is a refugee living in Uganda. She noted the worsening economic situation of vulnerable youth that she worked with who had difficulty accessing food, financial support, and healthcare support as a fallout from the measures put in pace to curb the spread of the pandemic. She noted that the gap between these youth, especially those living with chronic conditions such as HIV/AIDS, and healthcare providers was particularly worrisome. Furthermore, another member of the Youth Front representing the Afrika Youth Movement carried out a survey among young people living with disabilities in Cameroon. The majority of the respondents (86%) reported their physical and mental health as being poor/fair, reaching even depression.
Priorities for building back better
As has been illustrated, the effects of COVID-19 especially on African Youth have been vast and far-reaching. Many countries are now starting to lift the lockdowns and relax the earlier stringent movement restrictions. The African Youth Front on Coronavirus believes that this is the best period to address the issues which were revealed as a result of the pandemic. Young people at this point do not want quick and easy fixes to only solve the immediate problems. They believe that many of these challenges had such dire effects due to gross systematic failures. Hence, this period of rebuilding is the time to do the difficult work and address systemic issues that would leave us better prepared for any future challenges that might arise to threaten the existence of the African people.
Based on this premise, the members of the Youth Front uncovered the following needs which youth in their constituency believe are the most immediate and pressing issues to be addressed.
- Education and back-to-school support services: As lock-downs are being lifted and governments gradually lifting bans on businesses, the big question on when students can go back to school has become more necessary to answer. The reopening of schools will require support structures to firmly be put in place, to not only ensure that students can continue their education which was interrupted, but also foster an environment in which they can do so safely and without contracting the COVID-19 virus. As online learning has become the mainstay of education during the pandemic, it is now imperative to address internet challenges to make internet services widely available and subsidized for students. In addition to this, educators need to rethink the current methods of testing knowledge gained and assessing students at the end of a learning period to reflect this new reality.
- Employment and economic support: Many young people lost jobs and sources of livelihood during COVID-19. Even for those who had a source of income, many saw a tremendous decline in frequency and quantity of income they were able to realize from these means of livelihood (especially those in the informal sector). An immediate priority right now should be how to support youth with employment and financial resources. This support should not only be quick temporary fixes such as palliatives (although these too would play a role), but rather more long-lasting reforms to create avenues for employment for the large number of youth who became unemployed as a result of the pandemic. Youth leaders have stated that there is a pressing need for a structured and detailed plan to embark on economic activities in order to build back all that was lost during the pandemic.
- Youth-friendly and gender-based psychosocial support services: The recent spikes in gender-based violence and mental health challenges both in Africa and globally are worrying signs, and we do not have a sufficient support structure to address these issues. Young leaders, especially young women such as the Youth Front members representing the Gender is My Agenda Campaign, have reiterated the need for more readily available counselling services, more places to report cases of gender-based and sexual violence, and more avenues to get prompt and holistic healthcare following abuse, as well as the need for more safe spaces for youth to discuss the challenges they have been facing during this lockdown. Young people, especially young women, need provision of public childcare in order to allow them to engage in economically rewarding activities so they may be able to care for their families.
- Immediate support and welfare relief for vulnerable populations: Refugee and internally displaced youth and youth living with disabilities or chronic or severe mental health challenges have been particularly susceptible to various hardships the pandemic introduced. Young leaders have emphasized the need for an immediate channeling of resources to mitigate the negative impact on these groups. Welfare relief packages, healthcare access specifically targeting those populations, and avenues for meaningful employment are immediate needs for these groups.
The road to recovery is long and arduous. It will take determination, thorough planning and strategy, as well as collaborative effort to be able to build back better. However, young people are saying that they do not want business as usual. The recovery phase should take into consideration all the failings exposed by COVID-19 with solid strategies on how to address them.
Young people are calling for service delivery but also their rightful place in society. The AU Office of the Youth Envoy has curated a concept of Intergenerational co-leadership which is a much needed strategy to stimulate solidarity among generations and bring more youth to the decision making and leadership positions. The African Youth Front on Coronavirus could be a case study for best practices on how to engage youth meaningfully during crises, empowering them to co-lead and bridge the divide between grassroots youth and decision-making spaces.
The needs we have discussed are only the tip of an iceberg, and there is a need to dig deep and carefully analyze the various issues and possible pathways to recovery. However, this requires collaborative and collective effort to achieve Agenda 2063, The Africa We Want.
About the author
Dr. Chiamaka Nwachukwu is the Coordinator of the Youth Front at the African Union Office of the Youth Envoy.
– – –
COVID-19 Africa Watch tracks major developments and policy announcements from across the continent and also offers a curated selection of analysis on how the pandemic will impact African economies and development efforts. The site is a project of the Milken Institute’s Global Market Development Practice.
The views and opinions expressed in this article are solely those of the author. They do not purport to reflect the opinions or views of COVID-19 Africa Watch or any affiliated organization. | <urn:uuid:3724c3cd-8b04-4611-81af-d35f40e864f8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://covid19africawatch.org/the-african-youth-front-on-coronavirus/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.971905 | 2,794 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Sometimes, figures are subdivided into parts. Again, there are a few ways to make this easy for the reader to navigate and any is fine as long as it conforms to relevant style guidelines and is consistent within the document. The below exercise provides several examples of what not to do.
Exercise 3 – labelling figures:
Consider the paragraph below and try to figure out
- How Figure 4 is subdivided
- Whether Figure 5(ii) shows a chisel or a hammer
- How many parts Figure 6 has
Figure 4 shows the quilt from several perspectives. On the left-hand side, there is a top shot, while (a) and (b) show close-ups of different details. Figures 5(i) and (ii) show tools that may have been used to create these types of details, with the top figure showing a needle and thread and the bottom figure showing a sewing machine. Finally, Figure 6(a) provides shows a pixelated interpretation of the quilt.
Comments for exercise 3: For Figure 4, several different methods are used to describe the parts of the figure, making it difficult for the reader to link the description to the different parts. Figure 5 is divided into part (i) and part (ii), but then the text also references the top and bottom figures. Do these correspond to parts (i) and (ii)? It’s hard for the reader to know. Figure 6 clearly has a part (a), but no other parts are mentioned. Is the whole Figure 6 included in part (a) or is there another part that hasn’t been identified? Again, this is hard for the reader and they won’t be able to know how many parts Figure 6 has without looking away from the main text to find the figure. It may also have been confusing for the reader to move between letters and Roman numerals.
An example of a better description labelling of parts is below:
Figure 4(a) shows a top shot of the quilt, and Figures 4(b) and (c) show close-ups of different details of the quilting. Figures 5(a) and (b) show a needle and thread, and a sewing machine, respectively, which are tools that may have been used to create these types of details. Finally, Figure 6 shows a pixelated interpretation of the quilt.
This description could line up with the below well-labelled images.
Artist credit: J Rona | <urn:uuid:8db217b3-1e36-4a74-8a30-0bf9e1398e13> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://fixacademicwriting.com/figures-with-several-parts-in-english-academic-writing/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.943247 | 513 | 3.375 | 3 |
Our Bible verse for today: “David said to the Philistine: “You come against me with a sword, spear, and javelin, but I come against you in the name of the Lord Almighty, the God of the armies of Israel, whom you have defied.” 1 Samuel 17:45 (NIV)
Our thought for today: “Overcoming is spiritual.”
In his book “Overcomer”, David Jeremiah refers us to examples, from the Bible and from modern life, of people who were overcomers. One of the examples from the Bible is that of they shepherd boy David who confronted the giant Goliath.
Goliath was a muscular giant, by some estimates almost nine feet tall. He was a seasoned warrior in the Philistine army and he was considered their champion. In 1 Samuel 17 we find the armies of the nation of Israel lined up against the armies of the Philistines. Each day Goliath came forward and challenged the Israelites to send out just one man to fight him. Instead of the entire armies engaging each other, the battle would be decided in a fight between Goliath and whoever the Israelites sent out.
But Goliath was a formidable foe and there was no comparable warrior in Israel to oppose him. Each day Goliath came forward shouting his challenges, mocking Israel and mocking the God of Israel, but no one had the courage to face him. When David showed up on the scene he was astonished to discover that nobody responded to Goliath’s challenge – not even when he mocked their God. So David, even though he was just a boy, decided that he would face Goliath and, long story short, David won. You can read the rest of the story for yourself in 1 Samuel 17.
The lesson for us is that the key to David overcoming the challenge he faced from Goliath was spiritual not physical. It certainly appeared physical, but it was really a spiritual issue. As David Jeremiah points out in his book, if you read the passage in 1 Samuel 17 closely you discover that the three characteristics used to describe Goliath were all physical – they were size, sight, and shout. He was big, he was frightening, and he was loud. The three terms used to describe David are all spiritual – they were conviction, courage, and confidence. Goliath was relying on his physical attributes. David was relying on God. And it was no contest.
This is true for us too. In our own power, as mere men and women, we can easily be defeated by the giants we have to face. But when we turn the battle over to God we can face the situation with conviction, courage, and confidence.
The story of David and Goliath is in the Bible for a reason. It’s there as an example for us. Ultimately your situation (no matter how big and bad it seems) is a spiritual issue much more than it is a physical challenge. Turn it over to God and trust Him to help you deal with it. | <urn:uuid:115e00c7-b9e5-4424-9444-5391908a1949> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://oakhillbaptist.net/2018/11/07/devotional-for-wednesday-november-7th/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.98399 | 624 | 1.960938 | 2 |
In a previous blog post, my colleague and I covered the recently published FITARA Scorecard 8.0. More specifically, we highlighted that government agencies have opportunities for significant improvements in two focal categories: risk management and data center consolidation.
Last time, we laid out the next steps that agencies should take to improve their risk management score. For this week’s blog post, I continued my collaboration with my colleague Curt Cote, a recognized a leader in federal category management, to provide three key next steps for improving data center consolidation efforts.
Did you know that the federal government spends over $5B a year on physical data centers? For nearly a decade the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has pushed federal agencies to reduce the government’s data center footprint through the Data Center Optimization Initiative (DCOI). DCOI was established as policy on August 1, 2016, and superseded the Federal Data Center Consolidation Initiative (FDCCI) from 2010. The Data Center Consolidation dimension of the FITARA scorecard is designed to measure an agency’s progress toward this goal.
Historically, agencies have struggled to make progress in this category, with half of all agencies scoring “C” or lower. Looking forward, OMB is continuing to raise the bar through new guidance on data center consolidation issued on June 2019, which will take effect in the 2020 FITARA scorecard. Agencies should be allocating time and resources to this important category to ensure that they receive the best possible outcome for FITARA 9.0 and beyond.
We have laid out three key steps agencies should take to improve the management of their data centers and improve their FITARA grade.
Step 1: Assess Current State
The first step is to assess the agency’s current state regarding data centers and their use:
Take inventory: Conduct a census of all physical data centers, including the numbers and types of servers in each center, and their use. Remember: OMB is changing its definition of “Data Centers.” Previously, even a server or two in a “closet” were considered data centers. Now, OMB has defined a set of criteria agencies should use to determine what is a data center and what isn’t. The criteria, which may again change, are found in each agency’s Integrated Data Collection instructions.
Deploy automated monitoring tools: These tools often referred to as “crawlers”, are used to monitor the utilization of servers. This action will reap immediate visibility benefits and help to spur the prioritization of decommissioning or merging underutilized devices.
Synthesize your data: Analyze data to identify the number of servers in use, server utilization patterns, overall maintenance call of utilized servers, and which use cases cannot be moved to the cloud for validated security or other reasons.
Step 2: Develop a Holistic Strategy
Now that you have a better understanding of what active data center your agency has, you’re now able to develop a holistic data center strategy. It’s okay to start small and manageable. But when developing your strategy, it is crucial that you consider some key aspects including:
Cloud: Government and commercial data centers are increasingly using cloud infrastructure to lower costs and provide the ability to scale up and down based on variable demand. Determine the degree to which your agency will implement cloud solutions. Be realistic and consider technology and security requirements, concerns with data rights, the skills of IT staff, hidden costs, and cultural barriers. Also, don’t forget to look at the software license requirements.
Templates: Given that it’s likely your data center footprint is geographically diverse, develop a simple template to collect data from across the agency to facilitate centralized reporting.
Methodologies: Review savings methodologies for the Data Center Optimization Initiative to ensure standards are consistently applied across offices, locations, and reporting mechanisms.
Step 3: Prioritize Changes and Update Recent Data to the Dashboard
Large-scale changes to an agency’s data center footprint involve managing a plethora of moving pieces. IT architecture, workforce skills, security considerations, acquisition regulations, and dozens of other considerations need to be addressed and planned for. This cannot be done at once. So, prioritize and start with the steps that will have the biggest impact and that can be achieved with the least level of complexity.
And, as we’ve discussed, it’s very important that you report your progress. Remember: Your FITARA scorecard grade is based on what you report. Be sure to upload your data in a timely manner.
By taking these steps, your organization will not only improve your Data Center Consolidation grade on the FITARA scorecard, but you’ll also improve your ability to mitigate costs and varying demand on your servers. Building a forward-looking data center now strategy can position you for success for the data-focused future.
Derrick Moreira, President of Censeo Consulting Group, has more than 22 years of management consulting and industry experience leading and delivering complex supply chain and operations strategy solutions. Most recently, Derrick has played a key role in standing up and managing several large-scale supply management transformational initiatives across federal agencies. Key areas of subject-matter expertise include supply management and strategic sourcing, cost and business case analysis, workforce planning, program governance, change management, and process improvement/ reengineering. You can read his posts here. | <urn:uuid:ff1c53fc-6084-4579-8cb4-a28f5e30b974> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.govloop.com/community/blog/fitara-8-0-3-steps-to-improve-your-data-center-consolidation-score/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.927471 | 1,131 | 1.507813 | 2 |
The American healthcare system is more fractured and “tribal” than ever before, even in today’s modern age. Even the recent healthcare reform enacted by the federal government, controversial as it is, isn’t enough to truly reform the current state of the healthcare industry which sees so many disparate groups of care givers, patients, insurance companies, and facilities locked in a “cold war” with each other, usually over the level of fees.
This Cold War is unlike any other, because the combatants work together on a daily basis and make decisions that affect each other every day. It would be difficult for warring factions, even those hiding behind business-like agreements and procedures, can deliver quality, efficient and affordable healthcare.
Thawing the Cold War
Move beyond this Cold War mentality of each of the combatants is one of the keys to truly reforming healthcare in this country. We need to have the “buy-in” from all of the participants in order for any reform to take root and yield results. What we saw with recent healthcare reform is what happens when you don’t get this “buy-in” – many of the players, including patients, doctors and insurers, felt like the reform was forced upon them. It could be argued that because agreement was nearly impossible, it had to happen that way. And mind you, Obamacare, was not true healthcare reform. It was governmentally imposed health insurance reform.
Something which is “nearly” impossible is not, however, impossible. What’s needed is a two-step process facilitated by a neutral who can bring experience and knowledge to bear:
1. Making the different parties realize that they all want the same end goal – a reformed and better-functioning healthcare system in which people get better care – it’s only in the path taken to that goal that they differ.
2. Building on that epiphany and suggesting practical ways that different “paths” can be combined to create a blueprint for true healthcare reform that’s both effective and acceptable to the widest possible group of stakeholders.
The risk-averse nature of most healthcare CEOs and other leaders in the industry is still the biggest challenge. Therefore, the biggest hurdle for any reform initiative to overcome is getting people to accept risks.
Healthcare is at a crossroads. We need to begin the process of true reform now, if we wish to avoid a future where only the super-wealthy have quality healthcare available to them – a future whose economic implications are awful for everyone. Recent legislation was an ambitious start, but going forward the healthcare industry as a whole, including all stake holders, must work together to find common paths to the common goal. | <urn:uuid:8ac33c7c-fc4d-4bca-b48c-979edf3478d0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bindinglaw.com/legal/thawing-the-healthcare-cold-war.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.966263 | 568 | 1.765625 | 2 |
This may seem strange, but there are apparently unions that feel that President Donald Trump’s policies on trade are in the interests of workers in the United States. I am a bit perplexed.
If you leave aside for a moment the horrendous assaults that Trump and his Republican allies have been conducting against American workers and their unions, it is still difficult to see how Trump’s views on trade are helping American workers.
Let’s look at the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) for a moment. Trump has repeatedly suggested that the U.S.—as a nation—has been the principal victim of NAFTA; that turns out to be less than true. Workers in the U.S., Canada and Mexico have all been victimized by NAFTA. For instance, NAFTA destroyed Mexican agriculture, and forced a massive migration of Mexican farmers into the cities of Mexico and later to the U.S. Many U.S. manufacturing plants have closed and gone to border areas of northern Mexico where the workers are underpaid. Canadian companies have left Ontario and moved to the U.S. in search of cheaper labor.
What does Trump say about this? Nothing, as a matter of fact. Instead he acts as if the people of these other countries are out to carve up the U.S. the way that you carve a turkey at Thanksgiving.
This leads to another question. If Trump is squeezing U.S. workers through his judicial appointments, destruction of worker and environmental regulations, and siding with the corporate “Right” against workers, why would anyone assume that in dealing with NAFTA negotiations or negotiations with China that he would be particularly concerned about the interests of U.S. workers?
I suppose that I look at it this way. If the neighborhood bully regularly assaults me and then one day comes to me and says that “we” should join together against some people on another block, why would I believe them? In fact, why would I believe that my interests and those of the bully are at all aligned? | <urn:uuid:9c5ab315-77de-43a3-9fbe-5d6b0fbdd7fe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lasentinel.net/is-trump-looking-out-for-workers.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.980145 | 416 | 1.546875 | 2 |
We consider algorithmic design, enhancement, and improvement of evolutionary computation as a mechanism design problem. All individuals or several groups of individuals can be considered as self-interested agents. The individuals in evolutionary computation can manipulate parameter settings and operations by satisfying their own preferences, which are defined by an evolutionary computation algorithm designer, rather than by following a fixed algorithm rule. Evolutionary computation algorithm designers or self-adaptive methods should construct proper rules and mechanisms for all agents (individuals) to conduct their evolution behaviour correctly in order to definitely achieve the desired and preset objective(s). This primary principle can be implemented in any evolutionary computation algorithm that needs to consider strategy selection issues in its optimization process. The final objective of our work is to solve evolutionary computation design as an algorithmic mechanism design problem and establish its fundamental aspect by taking this perspective. This research is the first step towards achieving this objective by implementing a strategy equilibrium solution (such as Nash equilibrium) in evolutionary computation algorithm. | <urn:uuid:10f53398-b2cc-4b91-8f84-99e4e7f8127a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://u-aizu.ac.jp/research/researchlist/detail?cd=90029 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.913484 | 243 | 1.859375 | 2 |
Median household income climbed for the ninth consecutive year in the United States in 2019, hitting an all time high of $65,712. Rising incomes were the story in much of the country, as 40 states reported a statistically significant increase in median income between 2018 and 2019, and none reported a decline.
Still, some parts of the country did not benefit from rising incomes. Though few in number, there are a handful of cities where the income that the typical household earned in 2019 was thousands of dollars lower than the previous year.
Using data from the U.S. Census Bureau’s 2019 American Community Survey, 24/7 Wall St. identified the cities where incomes have declined the most. We included all 121 cities, villages, and unincorporated places that reported a statistically significant change in median household income in our analysis. The places on this list are the only ones to report a decline in income. Supplemental data on unemployment and poverty also came from the ACS.
Median incomes declined in the cities on this list likely due in part to rising unemployment. In each of the seven cities where incomes fell in 2019, the annual unemployment rate climbed over the same period. Of course, the 2019 unemployment rate does not account for the current labor crisis driven by the COVID-19 recession. As a result, many residents of these cities are likely struggling financially even more in 2020. Here is a look at the cities with the worst COVID-19 unemployment crisis right now.
Despite breaking from the national trend and reporting lower incomes in 2019, the cities on this list are not necessarily poor areas. In fact, the typical household in five of these seven cities still has a higher income than the typical U.S. household.
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- Meeting abstract
A comparison of pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PaOP) measurements using pressure controlled ventilation (PCV) versus airway pressure release ventilation (APRV)
Critical Care volume 4, Article number: P7 (2000)
To determine the optimal time within the APRV phase cycle to accurately measure PaOP.
Ten consecutive patients with acute lung injury (ALI) managed with PCV and a pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) were studied. Demographic data was recorded. Patients served as their own controls and were ventilated by a Drager Evita 4 Pulmonary Workstation. No patients received paralytics. PCV settings (AC mode) achieved a pCO2 of 35–45 (torr) and a pO2 > 60 (torr) on 60% O2; PEEP was not controlled. Hemodynamic profiles were recorded 30 min after achieving the above pCO2 and pO2values. Patients were then changed to APRV to achieve the same pCO2 and pO2 values and hemodynamic measurements were repeated at 30 min. All medications were held constant. PaOP tracings (mmHg) were recorded and compared to the downloaded flow-time trace from the ventilator (Evitaview software). The PCV PaOP was recorded at the end of exhalation and served as the standard for comparisons. PaOP was recorded during the APRV phase cycle (positive pressure and release) and compared to the PCV value. Data are shown as means ± standard deviation and were compared using a two-tailed paired t-test; significance assumed for P < 0.05.
Principal diagnoses were trauma (66%), abdominal sepsis (32%), and other (2%). Mean age was 54 ± 6.2years. PCV blood gas values were pH 7.34 ± 0.04, pCO239.3 ± 3.8, pO2 77.4 ± 9.5. APRV blood gas values were pH 7.37 ± 0.03, pCO2 35.5 ± 2.8, pO2 98 ± 11, (P< 0.05 vs PCV). The PCV PaOP was 16.3 ± 3 on a PEEP of 13.6 ± 2.2 cmH2O with a CI of 3.2 ± 0.5 L/min/m2 and an SvO2 of 76.8 ± 4.5% at a hemoglobin of 9.6 ± 1.04 gm%.The APRV PaOP during the positive pressure phase was 21.2 ± 3.3 (initial), 19 ± 2.5 (mid), and 20.5 ± 2.8 (end); P<0.01 for all versus PCV. The APRV PaOP during the release phase was 19 ± 2.7 (initial, P < 0.05), 17.7 ± 2.3 (mid, P = 0.09), and 16.4 ± 2.6 (end, P = 0.9). CI was significantly increased at 3.6 ± 0.4 (P<0.01 vs PCV) while SvO2 was unchanged at 79.1 ± 4.1 (P> 0.05 vs PCV).
APRV increases the measured PaOP during the positive pressure phase. PaOP may be reliably measured at the midpoint or end of the release phase of APRV. APRV increases oxygenation and cardiac index compared to PCV in patients with acute lung injury.
About this article
Cite this article
Kaplan, L., Bailey, H. A comparison of pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PaOP) measurements using pressure controlled ventilation (PCV) versus airway pressure release ventilation (APRV). Crit Care 4, P7 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1186/cc727
- Cardiac Index
- Acute Lung Injury
- Optimal Time
- Full Text
- Positive Pressure | <urn:uuid:42405ea3-ea82-4d45-a574-bf8c5b4fd7e5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/cc727 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.940064 | 882 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Welcome to Rocburn Limited, the fastest growing electric and manual window opening and ventilation specialist. If you are looking for bespoke solutions to your ventilation problems we can help. Visit: www.window-openers.com
Window Ventilation Company - Covid-19 Prevention. 2020 has taken us all by surprise.
At the start of the year, very few could have predicted that the world would find itself in the grip of a global pandemic. Governments around the world have had to take a huge array of steps and measures to reduce the spread of coronavirus and Covid-19. Over the past four months, most countries have been in a lockdown state, with everyone but essential workers being encouraged to stay home.
But more recently, restrictions are being lifted and increasing numbers of people are being able to do more of the things we usually do. This could include going to work and spending time in more social settings. This will be a multi-step process, focusing on various different aspects of your business and operations.
REHVA’s Research OfficesSchoolsShopping areasSports premisesOther spaces where only occupation by infected people is expected How Does Covid-19 Spread? In order to prevent the spread of Covid-19, you first need to understand how it spreads. Large Droplets. Construction news and building products for specifiers. 4 Beautiful Home Decor Tips You'll Wish You Knew. When you aren’t sure where to begin, adding style and color to a home may be difficult.
If you’re looking for a few ways to spruce up the look of your home so you’ll be proud to show it off when you have guests, take a look at the tips here. They’ll help you change the look of the home without costing a ton of money so you can get the exact look you want no matter what the budget is or how long there is until the guests arrive. Bean Bags Can Add Style and Seating Source: homeimprovementworld.org Need more seating when guests come over? Also Read: Some Of The Budget Friendly Home Décor Tips And Tricks To Help Prevent Falling Into Debt The Right Lighting Opens Up a Room Source: thespruce.com Rooms should have multiple types of lighting to set the ambiance or make sure it’s bright inside for different activities.
Upgrading Hardware Can Change The Look Source: twimg.com On any drawers or cabinets, changing the hardware can make a huge difference. Automatic Greenhouse Window Opener - Greenhouse Vent Opener. Traditional Window Openers in Essex. Linear, Rack & Electric Window Actuators. Smoke Ventilation Systems. What is an AOV?
An AOV is short for “automatic opening vent” the AOV system was designed to create automatic air openings within an environment for smoke ventilation and safety. Why do I need an AOV System? An AOV system is used to control the ventilation when a fire occurs within a building. This is a mandatory building regulation which was made due to results of smoke inhalations when a fire or incident occurs, causing the automatic smoke vents to open. When the detector or call point is activated, the AOV control system will open the actuators, vents or windows which creates ventilation.
What AOV system will I need to fit? First you need to work out the building and how many zones you have which will need automatic opening vents for each item. 1. Due to the one floor and the multitude of items that need automatic openers, this is classed as one zone. 2. This would be classed as 4 zones, you can use an aov multi zone panel which has options to open aov actuators on certain floors. Smoke Ventilation Systems. Top 10 Window Opening Types. Windows play an integral role in any home, and it is important that you do as much as possible to make the most of this.
You need to look at what you can do to make sure you get the best possible windows for your home. Believe it or not, there are quite a few different types of windows to choose from, and each of them operates in a slightly different way. This is why it is important to make sure you look at some of the different windows that are available and the different ways in which they open. Understanding the different windows you want for your home is really important to sort out before you get a quote. And this is something that you need to think about as much as possible. 1.
Side hung windows are one of the most popular types, with hinges on one side, and a handle on the other. 2. Top hung and bottom hung windows are of a similar ilk to side hung windows, except that they have a horizontal axis on either the top or the bottom. 3. 4. 5. Natural Ventilation Systems. We supply a wide range of electric and manual options depending on what you are trying to achieve.
Systems will range from simple manual systems for a conservatory for example, through to larger commercial buildings such as schools and hospitals which need more complicated ventilation strategies. Here is a brief list of the most used product ranges: Manual Window Openers: Looking for a manual window opening solution? A manual system would be a natural ventilation system you would use by hand, this can either be operated by a remote handle, an opener pole or a cord and the best choice depends on your specific application. Electric, Manual & Traditional Window Openers. | <urn:uuid:33e27d1e-6e37-43d4-9320-6ae9b76de859> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.pearltrees.com/rocburn | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.940922 | 1,124 | 1.625 | 2 |
By Dr Ashley Borrett, University of Hull
When I started my PhD back in 2013, I had a clear idea of what I wanted to research but had limited knowledge of just exactly what resources were out there and what information they would yield.
The focus of my research was the interwar period of British history, and I was aiming to conduct a detailed examination of what was happening in Hull and East Yorkshire during this period with regards to attitudes and reactions to crime and criminality. The local angle meant that my obvious starting point for archival material was the Hull History Centre and the Beverley Treasure House.
The items I discovered at both sites proved invaluable to my research into crime. These included Magistrates’ court records; prison and juvenile court registers; chief constables’ orders and memoranda; Hull Watch Committee minutes; and reports and information compiled by local charity organisations. Of course, this is not an exhaustive list, and you can find many more items depending on the time period under analysis
But arguably the most valuable resources for my own research, and no doubt for many other historians investigating the criminal past of notable figures, friends or relatives, are the daily and weekly newspapers. These publications are indeed a treasure trove for the crime historian or anyone interested in social history. They can offer some of the best information about crime for a particular period. After all, stories about crime and criminality have been a staple element in newspapers for most of their history.
As well as providing information about individual criminals, newspapers can reveal a lot about the prevailing attitudes in a given period, which in turn can give us a better understanding of what people felt about the various aspects of crime, such as punishment or rehabilitation.
Of course, newspapers are commercial enterprises so have to attract as many readers as possible. This means that they are susceptible to sensationalism, often exaggerating stories to entice additional readers. But while all newspapers are guilty of sensationalising stories, this was arguably less so for the provincial press of the past. That is not to say that they didn’t feature a disproportionate number of articles about murder and manslaughter or those covering local scandals. As was the case with the national newspapers, they were still commercial operations and needed to sell advertising along with copies of their publications to survive.
However, the local newspaper did have a much closer relationship with the communities they serve (and still does) and, consequently, can reflect more accurately local opinion on a range of subjects and issues. They may also be more trusted than the nationals, especially when it comes to crime reporting. Reports of cases at local magistrates were often dealt with in a factual manner, without additional commentary and devoid of the kind of emotive language now found in the national press. The articles would often simply provide details of the name of the defendant, the crime and the outcome, sometimes with verbatim quotes from the magistrates, solicitors and the person charged. Many other crime-related articles were dealt with in this manner.
As the local newspaper may be the only place where you kind find this kind of information, I decided to use them as a key source for more research into crime in Hull and East Yorkshire. The publication I chose was the only one that covered the whole period under investigation – the Hull Daily Mail.
Searching though newspapers can be an arduous task, especially if you are examining publications on microfilm. So it helps that many local newspapers have now been digitised by the British Library, with access available via local archives or through a personal subscription. This means that finding individuals or specific events and incidents has become so much easier. You are now able to carry out keyword searches for specific names, places, events etc., limiting your searches to yield to the most relevant results, and avoiding the painful trawl through pages and pages of extraneous information. Of course, using the most appropriate search terminology is crucial in this process. But through trial and error you can work out which words and phrases will produce the most useful information for your specific research.
For my own study I found a range of crime-related articles and items in the Hull Daily Mail, many of which provided a wealth of information pertinent to my research. These included articles covering:
- Local and national crime incidents
- Police campaigns – regional and national
- Contemporary crime levels using official statistics
- Court reports – magistrates, police courts and quarter sessions
- The work of the probation service
- Reports of the meetings of local charities, such as prisoners’ aids societies
Editorials discussing various aspects of crime, which included everything from local policing numbers and perceived crime levels to specific areas of concern such as juvenile delinquency and motor vehicle crime, were also of crucial importance to my research. Moreover, the opinions offered by regular columnists were illuminating, and so too were those from members of the public, found on the ‘letters to the editor’ pages.
Of course, you have to be aware that these types of articles are subject to bias, and they are unlikely to provide a true account of actual crime. They do, however, offer an interesting insight into attitudes about criminality.
Utilising all the information gathered from the local newspapers, along with research findings from the sources detailed earlier, I was able to fashion what I believe to be an accurate account of the prevailing perceptions of, and reactions to, crime and criminality in Hull and East Yorkshire during the interwar period.
But whatever your research – be it the history of a family member, the nefarious activities of an infamous individual or an examination of local attitudes to crime and criminality – then the pages of the press can provide you with an invaluable source of information.
All you have to do now is go and ‘read all about it!’ | <urn:uuid:44cdbf97-8391-48db-8bd6-a64b9ba2eed9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ourcriminalancestors.org/2018/09/read-all-about-it-using-newspapers-in-your-crime-research/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.965776 | 1,169 | 2.90625 | 3 |
As far as character traits go, helping and caring are two of them. However, our noble intentions can occasionally lead to inefficient helping and giving. The idea is to create limitations when warning indicators of harmful assistance occur, rather than to quit helping entirely.
Here are signs that tells that it’s time to stop helping others and help yourself
1. Help as much as you can.
Helping others is a thoughtful gesture, but if it comes at the cost of your own well-being, you’re doing yourself harm. Consider that for a moment. Who will look after you if you offer more than you can handle and become burnt out? Never put too much of yourself out there. It is foolish to ignore your own wellbeing. You’re adding to your family’s workload.
2. Help at the right moment and in the right place.
This is worse than not supporting them at all if you aid them at the wrong moment and in the wrong situation. You might have the right intentions and sound advice for the other individual. But, is the person in a suitable state to take your support? When you try to assist them, you may make them feel unwanted. Instead, try to keep yourself at arm length. Some people have to learn valuable lessons on their own.
3. Know that some people don’t need your help.
Some people feel it necessary to assist others. They have a strong desire to keep the other individual safe. However, the truth is that sometimes, people simply do not want to be rescued. You can’t do anything. It is entirely up to that person. Do yourself a favour and leave them to it.
Also Read: 7 Best Movies To Relax Your Mind | <urn:uuid:cd347fcd-8cb7-4986-83e6-b97bfd0f05dc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.successyeti.com/find-peace/how-to-tell-its-time-to-stop-helping-others-and-help-self/2021/12/11 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.967962 | 357 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Carmen Agra Deedy has been writing for children for over two decades. Born in Havana, Cuba, she came to the U.S. as a refugee in 1964. She grew up in Decatur, Georgia, where she lives today. Deedy began writing as a young mother and storyteller whose NPR commentaries on All Things Considered were collected and released under the title, Growing Up Cuban In Decatur, Georgia. The pithy collection of twelve stories soon garnered awards, among them a 1995 Publishers Weekly Best Audio (Adult Storytelling) and a 1996 Parents’ Choice Gold Award. Her children’s books have won numerous awards. The Library Dragon received various children’s state book awards and has sold near half a million copies. In 2003 the book was her home state’s choice to represent Georgia at the Library of Congress’s National Book Festival. The Yellow Star was the recipient of the 2001 Jane Addams Peace Association Book Award (Honor), presented to Ms. Deedy at the United Nations by Mrs. Kofi Annan. It also received the 2001 Christopher Award, the 2000 Parent’s Choice Gold Award, the 2001 Bologna Ragazzi Award (for best international children’s book), the 2002 WOW Award (National Literary Association of England), among other notable awards and honors. It has been translated to over a dozen languages. Martina the Beautiful Cockroach was presented with the 2008 Pura Belpre Honor Award, the 2008 NCSS/CBC Notable Social Studies Book Award, the 2008 Best Children’s Books of the Year (Bank Street College of Education), the 2008 International Latino Book Award, the Irma Simonton and James H. Black Award (Honor), the 2008 E.B White Award (Nominee), and the 2009 ALA Odyssey Audio Award (Honor), among others. Deedy’s most recent children’s book, 14 Cows for America, is based on an astonishing gift Americans received from a Maasai village in Kenya, following the events of 9/11. The book was released in September of 2009 and is a New York Times Bestseller. The Wall Street Journal described it as a “ . . . moving and dramatically illustrated picture book.” Deedy has spent the past twenty years writing and telling stories. She has been an invited speaker at venues as varied as The American Library Association, Refugees International, The International Reading Association, Columbia University, The Smithsonian Institute, TED, The National Book Festival, and the Kennedy Center. An ardent supporter of libraries, she was the 2008 National Spokesperson for School Library Media Month (AASL). She has spoken before Noble Laureates and Pulitzer Prize winners, CEOs of major corporations, and heads of state. Over a span of twenty years, Deedy has told stories to hundreds of thousands of school children. They remain her favorite audiences.
A Big Thank You To
Sponsoring Organizations: Habersham County Schools, Volunteers for Literacy of Habersham, Piedmont College School of Education, Habersham County Libraries,
Partners: Habersham County United Way, Penguin Random House, Tallulah Falls School, HCHS Youth Leadership | <urn:uuid:4809a7c7-37e9-4490-a71c-ecd72eb7fae0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.onebookhabersham.org/index.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.950563 | 667 | 1.757813 | 2 |
In recognition of the importance of outdoor play and natural environments to children’s healthy development, well-being and learning, programs have space available for active outdoor play. In licensed centres adult-child ratio is maintained to provide interaction needed to assist children in developing outdoor physical, social, and language skills. In child and family programs, land-based activities are a natural addition to programming.
Early learning environments that are alive with possibilities, support children’s learning, welcome and engage educators, children and their families. Rich and inviting environments help children develop curiosity, creativity and problem solving skills. In licensed childcare programs, children require adequate space to engage in indoor activity. Activity rooms include moveable equipment and furnishings used for children’s play (e.g., easels, tables, chairs, shelving, sensory bins).
Staff collaborate with others to create engaging environments and experiences to foster children’s learning and development. (HDLH)
We invite you to share photos of your outdoor and indoor learning environments. | <urn:uuid:e7abfa0b-d899-4ef5-bede-61aa92f3dc87> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fnel.ca/resources/learning-environment/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.944839 | 218 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Yesterday evening, I went to see a presentation by Peter Hilton at Skills Matter on using Scala and Play for small-scale development.
In an affable and down-to-earth manner, Peter went through two case studies that his company had handled, both web developments in Holland, where he is based. This is somewhat unusual for Scala in particular and any JVM-based language in general: normally much “lighter” technologies, such as ASP.Net or PHP, are used.
He highlighted the use of a stack of technologies, Play, Scala, Slick (for database connectivity and access), PostgreSQL and MySQL for the database and Bootstrap for the website layout. In particular, he went through the use of Slick, which he recommended, as it has an unusual, more SQL, feel compared to other ORM’s.
He also emphasised the speed of development and that the amount of code needed was much smaller than previous applications he’d developed: the first application was ~4000 lines and the second ~2000, which are both a lot smaller than the applications I’ve worked on. It was interesting to see how his team short-cutted: using social media for security (why not?) and Excel spreadsheet integration for record maintenance.
Overall, it was a good presentation about using Scala in a different way. | <urn:uuid:4d79b389-869e-4b9a-a93e-cafcce9fc44e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://laughingequation.wordpress.com/2014/11/14/scaling-business-application-development-with-play-and-scala/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.967697 | 278 | 1.625 | 2 |
Citizenship education—it’s the most important work of schools especially now as the country struggles to address inequities inherent in society and the innovation economy.
Best case scenario, citizenship education shows up as a civics curriculum, as a commitment to global competence and social emotional learning, and in a culture that values social justice. A new bay area nonprofit, Composer, has developed a platform that seeks to be a place for educators to access the world’s best citizenship education resources from more than 30 content providers. The digital platform uses learning science to curate and sequence this content and to guide educators through curriculum planning that they believe can work for every individual classroom or informal learning environment. Its founders believe that they have created a platform that is a one-stop shop for curricula and resources in citizenship education that enables educators to receive guidance/support in crafting individually tailored, high quality remote learning experiences.
Launched through a partnership of five leading organizations — High Resolves, Facing History and Ourselves, iCivics, Generation Citizen, and Peace First — Composer is now a collaborative effort between 32 organizations to create and disseminate content that covers topics in civic learning, social emotional learning, global competence, and social justice.
After teaching in Houston, Alexandra Berry managed operations at Relay Graduate School, spent two years as a product manager in ed tech, then served as chief of staff at XQ Institute making grants to America’s most innovative schools before founding Composer
“In today’s ever-changing world, educators are looking for solutions to better support young people in their holistic development as citizens,” said Berry. “Composer is just that tool.”
Composer has curated nearly 1,000 individual learning experiences available for schools to design the most powerful learning experiences called strings. These include web lessons, interactive simulations, experiential games, and guides for discussion and reflection. For example, schools can search for “racism” and find all strings designed by providers or used by schools to inoculate against racism.
The Composer design studio allows users to string together three types of elements: peak experiences such as simulations and immersions, repeated practice, and collaboration on real world application. A sample “string” for COVID-19 is highlighted below.
“Composer gives educators in any educational setting access to best-in-class content across a wide range of topics in citizenship education,” explained Berry. “An educator can search for a term such as ‘media literacy’ and find learning experiences on topics such as discerning fact from fiction in the news, accounting for bias in the interpretation of historical events, and how social media misuse can impact well-being and school climate.”
Composer has recently formed a partnership with the Learning Collaborative of Kansas City (a network of 100 teachers and 12+ museums), Got History, and Explorable Places to give stipends to museum educators that will enable them to create a community-centric toolkit for civic learning that is aligned with the local Missouri standards. This toolkit will consist of the strings in Composer’s platform. The toolkit could then be accessible on Composer to educators across the state — and a pilot/model that could be replicated across Missouri, Kansas and Massachusetts (where the Nat'l Learning Collaborative has activity) and beyond.
In Fall of 2019, 455 users from 113 schools across North America and Australia participated in a private beta of the platform. Since launching in April 2020, Composer is publicly available as a free tool for educators. This initiative is supported by the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative and Imaginable Futures, a venture of the Omidyar Group.
Check out some of the Composer courses on the most complex challenges of our current moment. | <urn:uuid:0e6f0ecc-6752-4920-a9b5-0a8692d9d2c8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/tomvanderark/2020/07/01/composer-helps-teachers-to-string-together-citizenship-learning-experiences/?sh=18765b231624 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.944977 | 789 | 2.421875 | 2 |
The Nassau Education Foundation – How it all began
Abby Bean is no stranger when it comes to raising money for education. Bean was involved heavily in the Fernandina Beach, Florida, High School Foundation since her son was in eighth grade. He is now graduated from the University of Florida and employed by Rayonier Advanced Materials, a manufacturer headquartered in Nassau County.
“I traveled to Tallahassee frequently with Aaron (her husband and Florida Senator, Aaron Bean) and kept hearing about other counties having an education foundation,” said Bean. “Over time, it became evident to us that there was a need here in Nassau County.”
The Beans traveled to South Florida where they were the guests at an education foundation golf tournament. “That event solidified our decision to create the Nassau Education Foundation,” explained Bean. The Beans began the process of forming the Foundation in the summer of 2014 and by January of 2015, the Nassau Education Foundation was up and running. The Foundation has a 20-member board, comprised of business, education and community leaders from across the county. “We were not sure how easy it would be to get folks involved with the Foundation because we had no prior track record, but luckily for us, folks saw our vision.” added Bean.
According to Bean, the Nassau Education Foundation is somewhat modeled after the Fernandina Beach High School Foundation in how they offer classroom grants.
“When I was involved with the Fernandina Beach High School Foundation, I enjoyed seeing what the teachers did with their grant money. It is gratifying to be able to do the same throughout our entire county,” exclaimed Bean. “Our teachers want to do more in the classroom and the funds provided to them from our foundation allow them to be creative. The books and training materials are the meat and potatoes. We want to give them the gravy.”
In the first year of the Foundation, funds were provided from elementary through adult education. Brain Pop software was purchased to build upon or introduce knowledge and concepts in all areas, including art, health and STEM activities. Students in the CNA program were recipients of tools used to further their vocational training. An art exchange program with students in a South American village was the focus for art classes in Callahan Middle School. These are just a sampling of the many creative and engaging activities and programs being incorporated into every day curriculum by teachers.
“We need to be responsive to what the teachers want,” added Bean. Teachers are able to apply for a grant via the Foundation’s website, which utilizes the crowdfunding site, Find It, Fund It, Florida, an extension of the Consortium of Florida Education Foundations. Bean went on to say that the Foundation’s goal for the coming year is to exceed last year’s fundraising goal. In the long term, she would like to see a supply van which would traverse the county, offering teachers access to needed supplies.
Bean is supported by board members who serve on various committees, including the grant review committee. “As a member of the grant review committee it is an exciting challenge to set the parameters, review almost 100 applications, and agree on the awards that will directly impact students across Nassau County. Through the grant applications, we saw the teachers’ commitment and dedication to their students. It was humbling to see the work by these extraordinary teachers,” commented Candy Holloway, board member and Nassau County representative to the district board of trustees of Florida State College at Jacksonville. “I am also keyed into the alignment of Nassau County student skills and interests as they prepare for post-secondary education.”
Brandy Carvalho, a founding member and current board president is also the development officer for White Oak Conservation, is most proud of going from inception to handing out grants in a matter of 1 year. “I have been involved with a lot of nonprofit organizations, and have never seen this type of success in such a short period of time, which speaks to the need, and the capabilities of our community to stand up and get a job done,” she added. “I’d like to see us expand beyond the Teacher of the Year Gala in our community engagement and fundraising efforts, so we can do more to help Nassau County teachers and students.”
Laura DiBella, a founding board member and Executive Director of the Nassau County Economic Development Board, sees first-hand the importance the role education plays in recruiting businesses. “My passion and commitment to education and its excellence goes beyond my job title. With workforce fast becoming the number one component when it comes to recruiting industry to the area, it is crucial to have a strong school system that produces tomorrow’s skilled workforce and the NEF enhances our position in this arena,” said DiBella.
The Nassau Education Foundation acknowledges teachers each year at a fundraising gala. They modeled their event after a similar one held in St. Johns County. Each year the Teacher of the Year and finalists are acknowledged during the gala. All teachers and school staff that attend are treated to a special evening.
According to the Florida Department of Education’s website, “The Florida Teacher of the Year program recognizes and honors the contributions of outstanding classroom teachers who have demonstrated a superior capacity to inspire a love of learning in students of all backgrounds and abilities.” Each of Florida’s school districts, four university developmental research schools, the Florida Department of Corrections, Florida School for the Deaf and the Blind, and Florida Virtual School all submit candidates. | <urn:uuid:1c821541-f8d6-4ef5-99ef-7555f73abdf8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nassaueducationfoundation.org/our-story/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.971992 | 1,159 | 1.773438 | 2 |
HiCap Policies and Standards
Serving our highly capable students is mandated by the state. We’ve consolidated resources you can use to ensure your programs are meeting national standards and best practices. These are also great tools for advocating for the work you do and the students you serve.
Revised Code of Washington (RCW) and Washington Administrative Code (WAC)
Washington’s Highly Capable Program is established in state law and administered through program rules codified in the RCW and WAC. The need to guide and support districts as staff identify and serve Highly Capable students intensified following a landmark change in Washington State’s Basic Education Act. In 2011, the Legislature acknowledged the need to widen capacity for the identification, delivery, and evaluation of Highly Capable services with state law RCW 28A 185.020, which codified the education of Highly Capable students as basic to a K–12 public education in Washington state.
- RCW 28A.150.220(3)(g)(3) The instructional program of basic education provided by each school
district shall include: (g) Programs for highly capable students under
RCW 28A.185.010 through 28A.185.030.
- RCW 28A.185.020 The legislature finds that, for highly capable students, access to accelerated learning and enhanced instruction is access to a basic education.
- WAC 392-170-012 For highly capable students, access to accelerated learning and enhanced
instruction is access to a basic education. School districts may access
basic education funds, in addition to highly capable categorical funds,
to provide appropriate highly capable student programs.
WAC Cheat Sheet
This downloadable PDF provides an overview of Washington State Administrative Codes pertaining to Highly Capable Programs. It’s a great tool to help you understand and explain the state mandates.
Pre-K to Grade 12 Gifted Programming Standards
The National Association for Gifted Children (NAGC) has developed national standards in programming and services and teacher preparation to guide high quality education for the nation’s estimated 3 to 5 million gifted and talented students. The standards were developed with input from a variety of stakeholders and review of current research and best practice. The standards continue the focus on diversity and collaboration – two powerful principles that guide high quality programs and services. The standards use student outcomes for goals, rather than teacher practices, keeping them in line with the thinking in education standards generally. Because these standards are grounded in theory, research, and practice paradigms, they provide an important base for all efforts on behalf of gifted learners at all stages of development.
Highly Capable Program Handbook
The HCP Handbook was created for the single purpose of supporting Washington school districts in the implementation of the Washington Administrative Code (WAC) 392-170. This WAC establishes policies and procedures for administration of programs for the education of K-12 highly capable students [WAC 392-170-010] as authorized by the Superintendent of Public Instruction [WAC 392-170-005]. The handbook is available as a PDF file that may be accessed and downloaded for individual district use.
Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)
The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) was signed by President Obama on December 10, 2015, and represents good news for our nation’s schools. This bipartisan measure reauthorizes the 50-year-old Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), the nation’s national education law and longstanding commitment to equal opportunity for all students. | <urn:uuid:6214b617-6111-409e-bc90-7f936e120712> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://waetag.com/resources/standards/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.931466 | 732 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Short Stories With Long-Term Goals: Making Ethiopia Safer for Women and Girls
Sometimes it has to be personal to be understood. That’s why Population Media Center-Ethiopia tells true personal stories to address crippling issues like rape, child marriage, and female genital mutilation. After publishing more than ten powerful books of short stories in Amharic, Population Media Center-Ethiopia has now published two short story compilations in English: Blood Price & Other Stories and Ditched In The Jungle & Other Stories. Population Media Center-Ethiopia expects these stories to raise awareness and bring about social change.
“More than 130 harmful traditional practices can currently be identified in Ethiopia,” write the two editors. “But the stories not only move and touch us, they also inspire public indignation that will help change prevailing attitudes. The brave victims who have shared their stories here will not have suffered in vain.”
Each book contains twelve stories. Eight of the stories in each publication are based on an interview with an individual and told in her words. Horrifying experiences and abuses come to life through the victim’s often emotional and difficult retelling the story. The four other stories in each publication are written by the writers and based on what the writers heard throughout countless interviews.
Population Media Center-Ethiopia had received numerous requests from partners about the possibility of translating some of the strongest stories from the Amharic publications into English. Most of the stories included in these two publications garnered so much attention in their initial Amharic publication that they have been read over various private and government radio stations and listened to by more than 36 million people in Ethiopia. These stories have impacted people in Ethiopia in a very real way, inspiring conversations about these harmful practices and empowering communities to change.
The two books are edited by Negussie Teffera, the Ethiopian Country Representative of US-based nonprofit Population Media Center, and Zerihun Asfaw, Associate Professor in the Department of Ethiopian Languages and Literature at Addis Ababa University.
“The heartbreaking pain felt by all the characters featured in these stories will touch the innermost heart of everyone,” says Negussie Teffera.
ABOUT POPULATION MEDIA CENTER (PMC):
Population Media Center is a nonprofit, international nongovernmental organization, which strives to improve the health and well-being of people around the world through the use of entertainment-education strategies, like serialized dramas on radio and television, in which characters evolve into role models for the audience for positive behavior change. Founded in 1998, PMC has over 15 years of field experience using the Sabido methodology of behavior change communications, impacting more than 50 countries around the world. | <urn:uuid:17b0d6fa-9039-4278-8adf-9b889d8465fc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.populationmedia.org/stories/short-stories-with-long-term-goals-making-ethiopia-safer-for-women-and-girls | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.9397 | 563 | 2.28125 | 2 |
Urasoe City Museum of Art
- Established: 1990
- Japanese: 浦添市美術館 (Urasoe shi bijitsukan)
The Urasoe City Museum of Art is an art museum in Urasoe, Okinawa, dedicated primarily to the display of Ryukyuan lacquerware. Though preceded by a number of institutions such as the Chinretsukan (exhibit hall) and GRI Museum established by the Occupation-era Okinawan civilian government, the Urasoe City Museum, which opened in 1990, is generally said to be the first dedicated "art museum" in Okinawa.
The museum got its start in a 1983 exhibit of some 180 pieces of Ryukyuan lacquerware organized by the city, aimed at combatting an image of Okinawa as an undeveloped place lacking in culture in which people could take pride. The exhibit was well-reviewed and successful, and afterwards Urasoe mayor Higa Noboru worked with lacquerware artist Maeda Kôin and others to convince other members of the city government to support a plan for the city to purchase these 180 or so pieces and to use them as the core of a new art museum. Though Maeda initially declined invitations to serve as assistant director of the new museum at that time, he later served as director for a period from 2005 to 2010.
The museum ultimately opened in 1990. Though the original plan named it the Urasoe City Handicrafts Art Museum (Urasoe shi kôgei bijutsukan), the "Crafts" (kôgei) was dropped from the museum's name around the time of its opening. Though lacquerware remains the predominant focus of the museum's permanent displays and special exhibits, in theory it is an art museum dedicated to modern and contemporary art more broadly.
Historian Asato Susumu credits the opening of the museum with playing a significant role in the revival and expansion of appreciation for & production of Ryukyu lacquerware.
- Asato Susumu 安里進, Kinjô Satoko 金城聡子, et al, "Maeda Kôin shi o itamu" 「前田孝允氏を悼む」, Shurijô kenkyû 首里城研究 23 (March 2021), 95. | <urn:uuid:d086cbdb-03f9-45cc-99a8-74959809d053> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://samurai-archives.com/w/index.php?title=Urasoe_City_Museum_of_Art&direction=next&oldid=43842 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.932325 | 523 | 2.3125 | 2 |
Infections of the central nervous system include meningitis, encephalitis, and brain abscess. These can be caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa; however, bacterial and viral causes predominate.
Infection is generally acquired from an exogenous source and spreads to the central nervous system via the bloodstream. Penetrating injuries and trauma, including neurological procedures can be complicated by infection. In the case of brain abscess, bloodstream or spread from adjacent infected sites (middle ear, sinuses) are also important. All infections of the central nervous system are serious. Many infections, notably meningitis and brain abscess, will prove fatal unless diagnosed and treated promptly.
Meningitis is an infection within the subarachnoid space resulting in inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and the spinal cord and the intervening cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Infection is usually caused by bacteria, viruses and occasionally fungi (Table 26.1). The inflammatory process in bacterial meningitis extends throughout the subarachnoid space and often involves the ventricles; the brain itself is generally not affected in immunocompetent individuals.
Viral meningitis is usually self-limiting. In the case of bacterial meningitis, which remains a relatively common and devastating disease with a mortality of 10-30%, the outcome is dependent upon the organism, the age of the patient, the state of consciousness on admission, the speed of diagnosis and the timeliness of treatment. Long-term neurological sequelae in survivors are common especially in neonates, infants, and those infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae.
About 2000 cases of bacterial meningitis are notified annually in the UK; most are caused by Neisseria meningitidis, and Str. pneumoniae.The introduction of a conjugate vaccine against Haemophilus influenzae type b in 1992 has now virtually eliminated infection with this organism. N. meningitidis is now the commonest cause of acute bacterial meningitis and is likely to remain so, until a suitable vaccine becomes available for strains of serogroup B, which account for over 60% of all cases of meningococcal disease in the UK. The introduction of vaccine against serogroup C meningococci has successfully controlled such infections.
Table 26.1 Infectious causes of meningitis (UK)
The incidence of occurrence of the various forms of bacterial meningitis is strikingly age related. In the past, Escherichia coli and other enterobacteria dominated as agents of neonatal meningitis, but Str. agalactiae (Group B streptococcus) is now the leading cause. Less common causes are Listeria monocytogenes, enterobacteria other than Esch. coli, Candida albicans, and Str. pneumoniae.
Pathogenesis and clinical features
Str. pneumoniae and N. meningitidis are found as normal upper respiratory tract commensals in a proportion of the population. Meningitis most commonly follows haematogenous spread of the micro-organism from the nasopharynx. The sequence of events is believed to be mucosal colonization, passage through the mucosal epithelium, bacteraemia, penetration of the blood-brain barrier, and multiplication within the subarachnoid space. Occasionally, haematogenous spread from the middle ear, or other infected focus, may occur. Rarely, bacteria reach the CSF by direct extension from adjacent suppurative tissues or a ruptured intracranial abscess, or may be directly implanted into the subarachnoid space from the nasopharynx through dural defects of congenital or traumatic origin. Once a pathogen is introduced into the subarachnoid space, bacteria multiply rapidly because of inadequate local defences. There follows an intense inflammatory process with marked congestion, oedema, outpouring of exudate, and raised intracranial pressure. Blood vessels and nerves may be involved in the inflammatory process leading to arteritis, infective thrombophlebitis, and cranial nerve palsies, and the thick exudate may interfere with CSF circulation and absorption leading to blockage and hydrocephalus.
The clinical picture consists of signs and symptoms of systemic illness (e.g. general malaise, fever, toxicity, poor feeding, leucocytosis) increased intracranial pressure (e.g. headache, vomiting, irritability, disturbance of consciousness, seizures), and meningeal irritation (e.g. photophobia, neck pain, positive Kernig's sign). In neonates, infants, and old people the signs and symptoms may be non-specific and subtle.
The presence of a petechial or purpuric rash, predominantly on the extremities, in a patient with meningeal signs almost always indicates meningococcal disease and requires immediate antibiotic therapy and admission to hospital.
Viral meningitis is most commonly associated with enteroviruses (Coxsackie and echoviruses) (Table 26.1) and is therefore more common in the summer months. Herpes simplex meningitis, as distinct from herpes simplex encephalitis, may or may not be linked to active infection at other body sites. In the non-vaccinated, mumps meningitis is an unpleasant complication of this infection. Primary HIV infection may manifest as acute central nervous system disease including meningitis and should be considered in those at risk of recent exposure. Most viral meningitides are self-limiting and without major neurological complications, although headaches may persist for several weeks.
Encephalitis indicates inflammation of the brain parenchyma and is largely the result of virus infection. Some are vector borne and therefore geographically linked. However, occasionally bacteria, fungi, and protozoa are responsible (Table 26.2).
Pathogenesis and clinical features
Invasion of the brain is generally the result of bloodstream spread complicating viraemia or bacteraemia. The inflammatory reaction may be focal or generalized and is characterized by perivascular infiltration by lymphocytes and accompanying neuronal damage.
Clinically, the illness has an acute onset with fever, headache, and clouding of consciousness. Seizures may occur. The neurological findings may be either generalized or localized causing focal or global neurological deficits. The cranial nerves may also be involved.
Cerebrospinal fluid examination
Examination of the CSF obtained by lumbar puncture (provided this procedure is not contraindicated; see below) is the most effective investigation for diagnosing the nature of infection of the central nervous system. In an adult at least 4-5 ml of CSF is obtained into two or three sterile bottles, which are labelled sequentially. Blood and CSF samples for the estimation of glucose are also sent for chemical assay.
Table 26.2 Selected agents responsible for acute encephalitis
Examination of the CSF should include total white blood cell (including differential) and red blood cell counts, and estimation of protein concentration. Careful examination of a prepared Gram-stained smear of the centrifuged deposit of CSF reveals the causative organism in most cases and guides appropriate initial therapy in the case of bacterial meningitis. Antibiotic treatment prior to CSF collection can alter the staining and morphological characteristics of some pathogens and requires caution in interpretation. Typical laboratory findings in bacterial and viral meningitis are shown in Table 26.3.
In patients with suspected acute meningitis or encephalitis a computed tomography (CT) brain scan is frequently obtained, especially where encephalitis is suspected, seizures occur or focal neurology is detected. Lumbar puncture is contraindicated in those with evidence of raised intracranial pressure to avoid subsequent and potentially fatal compression of the brainstem through the foramen magnum (‘coning’).
Other tests, such as those that detect pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide are increasingly used but rarely show diagnostic superiority over a carefully prepared Gram-stain smear and culture of CSF. In the case of viral meningitis and tuberculous meningitis (Chapter 25, p. 353) polymerase chain reaction tests are now widely used to establish a diagnosis.
Table 26.3 Typical cerebrospinal fluid changes in bacterial and viral meningitis
Blood cultures (two sets) should be collected, ideally before antimicrobial therapy is begun, from patients with suspected meningitis, since bacteraemia is present in a high proportion of patients with meningococcal or pneumococcal disease.
The treatment of bacterial meningitis requires prompt initiation of treatment, started on the basis of Gram-film findings (if available) and on the appreciation of certain principles and guidelines. However, if the patient is acutely ill, with a short history suggestive of meningitis, or if the CSF appears cloudy, then empirical (based on age and clinical setting) high-dose intravenous antibiotics should be given immediately, without waiting for laboratory results, since mortality is high in these patients.
Penetration of antibiotics into cerebrospinal fluid
The CSF represents an area of impaired host defence. Hence, agents are selected that are bactericidal and also penetrate into the CSF in therapeutic concentrations. Compounds entering CSF must traverse the blood-brain barrier (a lipid membrane in the brain capillary), the epithelial layer of the choroid plexus, or both. The choroid is impermeable to lipid-insoluble molecules. The penetration of antibiotics into the CSF is enhanced by high lipid solubility, a low degree of ionization, low molecular weight, high serum concentration of the drug, low protein binding, and the presence of meningeal inflammation.
Antimicrobial agents can be divided according to their ability to penetrate into CSF:
Choice of antimicrobial agent
The initial choice of antimicrobial agent is based on the most likely pathogen, which is determined by the age of the patient, the clinical features, the Gram-film results of the CSF, and knowledge of the local sensitivity patterns of the suspected organism. A bactericidal agent in high dose intravenously is recommended for the treatment of meningitis, since rapid killing of bacteria occurs only when the bactericidal titre of the CSF for the relevant bacteria is between 1 in 10 and 1 in 20.
Cefotaxime and ceftriaxone, exhibit excellent activity against H. influenzae, Str. pneumoniae, N. meningitidis, group B streptococci, Esch. coli, and other enterobacteria, and are agents of choice for most forms of bacterial meningitis. High-dose intravenous cefotaxime or ceftriaxone provides CSF concentrations many times those necessary to kill the organisms. Although these cephalosporins are effective in most varieties of meningitis, listerial, and staphylococcal meningitis are exceptions (see below). Chloramphenicol, which penetrates well into CSF and was formerly widely used in neonates and adults, but is now a reserve agent for the treatment of selected patients who are allergic to penicillin, owing to toxicity and lower efficacy rates.
Duration of therapy
Antibiotic treatment of meningitis varies by pathogen. Meningococcal disease responds in 5-7 days; H. influenzae is best treated for a minimum of 7-10 days to ensure complete eradication of the organism and prevent relapse. Antimicrobial treatment of pneumococcal meningitis should be continued for at least 10-14 days. In neonatal meningitis and adult meningitis due to unusual organisms, such as L. monocytogenes, more prolonged therapy may be indicated and each case should be reviewed in consultation with a microbiologist or infectious disease specialist.
Despite the use of appropriate, effective, bactericidal antibiotics, mortality, and morbidity in bacterial meningitis remain high. Attention has therefore focused on the possibility of modulating the complex inflammatory process within the subarachnoid space and meninges that contributes to mortality and morbidity, including sensorineural hearing loss.
Dexamethasone therapy in concert with antimicrobial agents has been shown to decrease the incidence of sensorineural hearing loss in children with H. influenzae meningitis, but there is no reduction in mortality and gastrointestinal bleeding occurs in some patients. With the declining incidence of H. influenzae meningitis in those countries that have adopted childhood immunization against this disease, the use of dexamethasone is now used selectively in the management of other forms of bacterial meningitis, such as pneumococcal meningitis where early use has reduced mortality. It should be avoided in viral meningitis and where the diagnosis of meningitis is uncertain. It is also contraindicated in patients with septic shock complicating meningitis or in those receiving immunosuppressive therapy. It is important that dexamethasone be started before the first dose of antibiotic and continued for 4 days.
Infections caused by N. meningitidis are both endemic and epidemic. Epidemics may occur in closed institutions, such as schools, halls of residence, and military barracks. In sub-Saharan Africa epidemics occur every few years. N. meningitidis affects primarily infants, children, and young adults. The organism is carried asymptomatically in the nasopharynx of a small proportion of the population and this represents the reservoir of infection. The disease has a seasonal incidence with most cases occurring in winter and spring. Coexisting or antecedent viral infection may play a part in invasive meningococcal disease. The following broad clinical groups can be recognized in patients with meningococcal disease according to the presenting clinical features.
Septicaemia with or without meningitis
About 15-20% of cases of meningococcal disease is characterized by the rapid development over a period of 24-48 h. The symptoms include fever, rigors, myalgias, and a petechial rash. In a few patients headache, confusion, and neck stiffness may develop later, signifying the onset of meningitis. However, the onset of illness in those with fulminant meningococcal septicaemia is much more abrupt and dramatic. The duration of illness is often less than 24 h, and on admission the patient is gravely ill, shocked, and covered with a rapidly spreading purpuric rash, which may coalesce, become ecchymotic, and even proceed to tissue necrosis. Disseminated intravascular coagulation may follow and death can occur within hours. Blood cultures are invariably positive. There may be no signs of meningism, but it is not uncommon for N. meningitidis to be recovered from an otherwise normal CSF, implying the onset of early meningitis. Mortality is 20-30% in patients with septicaemic illness.
Meningitis with or without septicaemia
This is the commonest presentation with signs and symptoms of meningitis that may occur rapidly or evolve more gradually over several days. The CSF is typically cloudy with a high polymorphonuclear leucocyte count, raised protein, and low glucose concentration. A typical petechial or purpuric rash is present in about 60% of patients; occasionally the rash may be initially maculopapular. Blood cultures are positive in about 40% of cases. With appropriate treatment, mortality is 3-5%.
Rarer forms of meningococcal disease
Occasionally N. meningitidis may localize in the joints or on heart valves producing acute septic arthritis or endocarditis. Chronic meningococcal septicaemia, although uncommon, is characterized by intermittent pyrexia, rash, and arthralgia. Occasionally a diagnosis is made retrospectively because of transient positive blood cultures in children with mild, self-limiting, febrile illness. They usually recover quickly and spontaneously without the use of antibiotics.
Treatment and prophylaxis
Ceftriaxone is the drug of choice. Therapy should be started on first suspicion of meningococcal disease. Although most strains of N. meningitidis are highly sensitive to penicillin (minimum inhibitory concentration <0.16mg/l), some strains of reduced sensitivity are occasionally encountered and hence the reason why ceftriaxone is the preferred agent.
To prevent secondary cases of meningococcal disease, household and secretion (kissing) contacts are offered antibiotic prophylaxis. The standard agent for prophylaxis is oral rifampicin, twice daily for 2 days (adults 600 mg; children 10mg/kg). Rifampicin-resistant strains occur, but are presently uncommon. A single intramuscular injection of ceftriaxone (adults 250 mg; children 125mg) or a single oral dose of ciprofloxacin (adults 500mg) are alternative prophylactic regimens. Pregnant women should be offered ceftriaxone rather than rifampicin.
Meningitis caused by Str. pneumoniae may occur at any age. The mortality in children and adults is about 20 and 35% respectively. The outlook is grave in those over the age of 60 years. There is often a pre-existing focus of infection elsewhere (e.g. pneumonia, acute otitis media, or acute sinusitis), predisposing risk factor (e.g. recent or remote head trauma, recent neurosurgical procedure, CSF leak, sickle cell anaemia, an immunodeficiency state, alcoholism, or an absent spleen). Str. pneumoniae is the commonest cause of recurrent or post-traumatic meningitis. Patients who have had a splenectomy are at particular risk of developing overwhelming pneumococcal infection. The onset of pneumococcal meningitis may be sudden and the course rapid with death occurring within 12 h. Alterations of consciousness and focal neurological defects may occur and survivors often suffer significant neurological deficits.
Ceftriaxone is the preferred agent to treat pneumococcal meningitis. The increasing worldwide incidence of penicillin-resistant pneumococci has eroded the efficacy of benzylpenicillin, which was formerly the drug of choice. Strains of pneumococci that are resistant to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins such as ceftriaxone are being increasingly reported from around the world but are currently rare in the UK; rifampicin or vancomycin have been used in such cases, but are less than ideal.
The duration of treatment is at least 10 days, but is extended up to 14 days in young infants or in complicated cases.
Almost all cases of meningitis due to H. influenzae are caused by the capsulate type b strains. Before the introduction of the highly successful conjugate vaccine, H. influenzae meningitis affected children under 6 years of age, reflecting the absence of anticapsular antibody in this age group. The mortality was about 7%. The onset of H. influenzae meningitis is often insidious, progressing over a period of 3-5 days. In some infants the illness may be limited to fever, vomiting, and diarrhoea in the early stages, making diagnosis of meningitis difficult.
Treatment and prophylaxis
Cefotaxime or ceftriaxone, which are active against β-lactamase-producing and non-β-lactamase-producing strains of H. influenzae are the agents of choice for treatment. Rifampicin is used as prophylaxis for all household contacts when there is an unvaccinated sibling in the house aged 4 years or younger.
The highest risk of developing meningitis in the newborn is within the first 2 months of life, the incidence being about 0.3 per 1000 live births. Neonatal meningitis carries a high mortality. The incidence of neurological deficits in those who survive is also depressingly high. Brain abscess is a rare complication.
Predisposing factors include prematurity, low birth weight, prolonged and difficult labour, prolonged rupture of membranes, and maternal perinatal infection. Some cases complicate congenital defects of the neuraxis.
Neonatal meningitis is usually the result of vertical transfer of pathogens from the mother in utero or during delivery, leading to early-onset (occurring within 7 days of delivery) septicaemia or meningitis; less commonly they are acquired from the environment, leading to late-onset meningitis (occurring after 7 days and occasionally up to 2 months after delivery). Early-onset disease often presents as an overwhelming septicaemia with apnoea and shock. The pulmonary manifestations may be difficult to differentiate from respiratory distress syndrome. Meningitis occurs in 30% of cases. About 1 in 100 newborns colonized with group B streptococci develop early-onset disease; mortality is over 50%. Late-onset disease usually presents as meningitis and mortality is about 20%.
The early signs and symptoms are often non-specific and include fever, lethargy, and refusal of feed. A bulging fontanelle, resulting from raised intracranial pressure, is a relatively late sign. A high degree of suspicion and prompt investigation with lumbar puncture is essential. Of those who survive, about half will have evidence of neurological damage.
Neonatal meningitis is more difficult to treat, since a wide variety of organisms may be involved and their susceptibility to antibiotics can be unpredictable. The chosen therapy should be supported by appropriate laboratory tests.
Group B haemolytic streptococci
The treatment of choice is high dose benzylpenicillin for at least 2 weeks. Some strains show enhanced killing in vitro when benzylpenicillin is combined with gentamicin, which may be given for the first 7-10 days.
Escherichia coli and other enterobacteria
The most widely used regimen is high-dose cefotaxime in combination with gentamicin to provide synergistic bactericidal activity againstEsch. coli or other enterobacteria. Ceftriaxone together with gentamicin is preferred for meningitis caused by salmonellae, and ceftazidime plus gentamicin for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The duration of treatment should be at least 3 weeks.
This is a Gram-positive bacillus that exists as a soil saprophyte in nature. Infection is probably acquired from dairy or vegetable produce contaminated from animal sources. The organism may be carried asymptomatically in the gastrointestinal or the female genital tract. The neonate may be infected transplacentally in utero or from the genital tract during delivery. Bacteraemia may occur in a pregnant woman following a flu-like illness, which might result in intrauterine infection of the fetus leading to abortion and stillbirth, or the baby may develop symptoms of disseminated infection a few days after delivery. Neonatal mortality with intrauterine listeriosis is about 30%. Most cases of late-onset infection present as meningitis in a previously normal neonate.
The organism is sensitive to a variety of agents, but the treatment of choice is high-dose ampicillin with or without gentamicin. In adults with a history of penicillin allergy, intravenous or oral co-trimoxazole (which is bactericidal to L. monocytogenes) should be substituted, with chloramphenicol as a further alternative. Cephalosporins have no useful activity against L. monocytogenes.
The duration of therapy should be 3 weeks since cerebritis may accompany the meningitis and requires more prolonged treatment.
A summary of current recommendations for the initial therapy of the commoner forms of bacterial meningitis is outlined in Table 26.4.
Viral and parasitic encephalitis
The treatment of herpes simplex encephalitis and African trypanosomiasis are discussed in Chapters 27 and 30 respectively.
Rarer forms of meningitis
Meningitis due to Staph. aureus may occur in patients with fulminating septicaemia secondary to pneumonia or endocarditis, or as a complication of penetrating head injury, recent neurosurgical procedures (including insertion of shunts), and ruptured cerebral or epidural abscess. Mortality is high and neurological sequelae are common in survivors.
Most Staph. aureus strains are resistant to penicillin. For methicillin-sensitive strains high-dose flucloxacillin (at least 12 g daily) combined with oral rifampicin (600 mg daily) is recommended in adults. In patients who are allergic to penicillin or in meningitis due to methicillin-resistant strains, treatment is even more problematic. Parenteral vancomycin (1 g every 12 h) combined with oral rifampicin is recommended. However, since penetration of vancomycin into the CSF is limited, daily intraventricular vancomycin should also be considered. Intraventricular vancomycin is also warranted in meningitis with methicillin-sensitive strains if the CSF is persistently positive despite flucloxacillin and rifampicin, and in patients with shunt-associated meningitis. The duration of treatment for Staph aureus meningitis should be at least 3 weeks.
Table 26.4 Antibiotic treatment of the common types of bacterial meningitis
In patients with hydrocephalus the ventricular CSF is diverted to other compartments of the body (usually the peritoneal cavity) with a silastic catheter (shunt). Unfortunately, 15-25% of these patients develop meningitis at some point in the life of the shunt. Staph. epidermidis accounts for about half and Staph. aureus for about a quarter of shunt infections. Among many other micro-organisms associated with such infections are Propionibacterium acnes, diphtheroids, enterococci, and Gram-negative bacilli. Most infections are believed to be due to colonization of the shunt at the time of surgery; occasionally organisms may reach the CSF and shunt through the bloodstream or by retrograde spread. Examination of the CSF obtained by needle aspiration of the reservoir is essential and yields an organism in over 90% of cases. It is not unusual to isolate bacteria from an otherwise normal CSF. Blood cultures are positive only if meningitis is associated with a ventriculo-atrial shunt.
Some patients who develop meningitis due to N. meningitidis, H. influenzae, or Str. pneumoniae are treated with appropriate antibiotics, without shunt removal. However, many infections will fail to be controlled unless there is complete removal of the shunt.
Since Staph. epidermidis is commonly resistant to flucloxacillin, therapy should be commenced with parenteral vancomycin combined with oral rifampicin and daily intraventricular vancomycin. High-dose flucloxacillin should be substituted for parenteral vancomycin if the isolate proves sensitive. Treatment should be continued for 2-3 weeks before a new shunt is inserted.
Tuberculous meningitis can affect any age. It is uncommon in developed countries and cases can be missed unless the physician is aware of the possibility and the laboratory is willing to exclude tuberculous meningitis in all cases in which abnormal clinical or CSF findings (increased lymphocytes, raised protein, low CSF glucose) have not been satisfactorily explained. The treatment of tuberculous meningitis is described in Chapter 25.
Cryptococcus neoformans is a saprophytic encapsulated fungus commonly found in soil and pigeon droppings. It is an uncommon cause of meningitis, occurring mainly in patients who are immunocompromised due to disease or drugs. Cryptococcal meningitis is reported to occur in about 4% of AIDS patients in the UK and up to a third of African patients with AIDS. It is probably transmitted via the respiratory tract. Most patients present with features of a subacute meningitis or meningo-encephalitis.
The treatment of cryptococcal CNS disease consists of an initial 2-week induction phase with intravenous amphotericin B, with or without flucytosine (by mouth or intravenously). Flucytosine is associated with more rapid sterilization of the CSF and fewer failures or relapses. Following induction, a consolidation phase with fluconazole is adopted. Alternative agents include amphotericin B or itraconazole. The total duration of treatment is determined by clinical response, monitoring levels of cryptococcal antigen in the blood and CSF and central nervous system imaging where appropriate. In those with underlying HIV infection and low CD4 counts fluconazole is used long term as chemoprophylaxis to prevent recurrent infection.
Culture-negative pyogenic meningitis
About 40% of patients presenting with meningitis will already have received antimicrobial therapy before lumbar puncture and this may lead to failure to isolate the organism. Prior therapy does not seriously alter cell counts or protein and glucose concentrations and it is usually still possible to differentiate between bacterial and viral meningitis. In about 10% of cases the aetiology remains unknown.
Although prior therapy may confuse the clinical picture it is not detrimental to the individual patient who has as good a prognosis as those who are untreated. ‘Best guess’ therapy should be aimed at common bacterial pathogens; ceftriaxone (or cefotaxime) for 7-14 days is a reasonable choice. The duration of therapy should be determined by clinical response and repeat CSF examination where appropriate. In the presence of an obvious meningococcal rash 7 days treatment is sufficient.
All patients in whom there is no history of previous antibiotic to account for the negative results must be investigated further to exclude conditions such as tuberculous or cryptococcal meningitis, superficial brain abscess, or other parameningeal infections.
Brain abscess is a localized collection of pus within the brain parenchyma. It is a life-threatening condition, although the mortality has been reduced to less than 10% by the introduction of CT and magnetic resonance imaging, leading to earlier diagnosis and more precise localization; by improvements in surgical and bacteriological techniques; and by the use of appropriate antibiotics. About four to 10 cases a year are seen in neurological units of developed countries. Brain abscess in children accounts for less than 25% of all cases and, except in neonates, it is rare in those under 2 years of age.
Brain abscesses develop most commonly by spread of infection from an adjacent cranial site (e.g. paranasal sinuses, middle ear, mastoid, or teeth), following a penetrating cranial trauma or neurosurgery, or by haematogenous spread from a distant site (e.g. lung abscess, bronchiectasis, or endocarditis). Blood-borne spread often leads to multiple abscess formation. In about 20% of cases the primary focus of infection remains unrecognized—so-called cryptogenic abscess.
The organisms isolated usually reflect those found in the primary focus of infection. With proper attention to microbiological culture techniques, the role of anaerobes and polymicrobial infection has become apparent. Brain abscess in association with sinusitis is usually located in the frontal lobe and is most commonly caused by Str. milleri with or without anaerobes. In contrast, brain abscess following chronic suppurative otitis media or mastoiditis is usually located in the temporal lobe or cerebellum. The infection is invariably polymicrobial, and the pus obtained may yield a variety of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria. Staph. aureus is usually isolated in pure culture from brain abscess that has followed trauma or neurosurgery, or is secondary to a haematogenous spread from infective endocarditis, whereas Str. milleri together with anaerobes and other respiratory pathogens should be suspected in brain abscess complicating pyogenic lung abscess. Rare causes include M. tuberculosis, L. monocytogenes, Nocardia asteroides, Toxoplasma gondii, Cryptococcus neoformans,and other fungi.
Although some patients with early cerebritis, or small, deep, or multiple abscesses have been treated successfully with antimicrobial therapy alone, most require surgical drainage. CT-guided stereotaxic aspiration allows more accurate drainage with minimal interference to the surrounding normal brain. Lumbar puncture is unhelpful in diagnosis and may be hazardous. Blood cultures may be positive and should be taken.
Pus obtained after any of these procedures requires prompt microscopy and culture. Because mixtures of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria are likely, antimicrobial therapy should cover both possibilities. Cefotaxime or other similar agents (ceftriaxone, ceftazidime) are recommended. When used in high doses these antibiotics penetrate well into brain abscess pus, and they are bactericidal against many of the organisms commonly encountered, including Str. milleri, Actinomyces spp., and enterobacteria. However, cephalosporins are not reliably bactericidal against all anaerobes, and for this reason metronidazole should also be used. This agent is bactericidal for almost all anaerobes and therapeutic concentrations are achieved in the brain.
The initial choice of empirical antimicrobial therapy in brain abscess depends on the site of the abscess, any predisposing factors, and the results of the Gram-film examination of pus, if available. Therapy may be modified, if required, once the culture results are available.
Frontal lobe abscess of sinus origin should be treated with high (meningitic) doses of benzylpenicillin in combination with metronidazole, since Str. milleri—with or without anaerobes—is a frequent pathogen. Temporal lobe or cerebellar abscess of otogenic origin is treated with a combination of high-dose ceftriaxone and metronidazole. Gentamicin may be added to this regimen if coliform organisms are seen on the Gram-film or are grown in culture. For brain abscesses secondary to trauma or a neurosurgical procedure, or when Staph. aureus is strongly suspected or grown, high-dose flucloxacillin in combination with oral rifampicin should be used, and in the case of MRSA, vancomycin.
The duration of antimicrobial therapy remains unsettled. It is our practice to administer antibiotics parenterally for at least 3 weeks to all surgically treated patients, often followed by appropriate oral therapy for 4-6 weeks. | <urn:uuid:8e07ed82-b936-4f83-a7ce-4d513edde7d3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://doctorlib.info/pharmacology/antimicrobial/28.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.907257 | 7,523 | 3.546875 | 4 |
USS Abraham Lincoln pulls into Bahrain after months in the Arabian Sea
November 26, 2019
MANAMA, Bahrain — The roughly 5,000 crew members of the USS Abraham Lincoln arrived at the U.S. naval base in Bahrain on Tuesday, after spending more than six months in the Arabian Sea on a deployment shaped by tensions with Iran.
The port visit marks the first break for the crew since May, apart from a couple of stops at the pier in Duqm, Oman.
Lincoln was on a deployment from Naval Station Norfolk, Va., earlier this year when it was ordered ahead of schedule to the Arabian Sea in response to what then-National Security Adviser John Bolton referred to as “troubling and escalatory indications and warnings” from Iran.
Last month, the Navy extended the carrier strike group’s mission in the region to allow repairs to be completed on its relief carrier, the USS Harry S. Truman, 2nd Fleet officials told USNI News last week.
The officials confirmed Lincoln will remain on station until Truman can replace it.
Lincoln “continues to provide presence in support of regional maritime security,” 5th Fleet spokesman Lt. Cmdr. Pete Pagano said in an email Thursday. “We are committed to protecting freedom of navigation and the free flow of commerce.”
Pagano declined to discuss future operations or the port visit.
Lincoln has operated since May in a small part of the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Oman.
It transited the Strait of Hormuz into the Persian Gulf for the first time last week.
Navy aircraft carriers traditionally sail through the narrow international shipping route when operating in the region, but tensions with Iran had kept the strike group away from the passage.
The USS Boxer was the last large ship to visit Bahrain, with a crew of more than 2,000 sailors and Marines. The July transit made headlines after crew members downed a drone, which U.S. officials said was Iranian.
Weeks beforehand, Iranian forces shot down a U.S. drone that the Navy said was over international waters and Iran said was flying over their territory.
Those incidents came after multiple explosions hit tankers in the Gulf of Oman, which the U.S. blamed on Iranian proxies, and instances of what the U.S., Britain and others have labeled maritime harassment by Iranian forces.
Since then, more U.S. troops have been deployed to the region and an international task force was established to deter Iranian aggression.
The coalition, dubbed CTF Sentinel, includes Albania, Australia, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom and the United States. | <urn:uuid:84bc4749-57bd-41d0-89aa-4d2d4340bc01> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.stripes.com/theaters/uss-abraham-lincoln-pulls-into-bahrain-after-months-in-the-arabian-sea-1.608693 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.951943 | 550 | 1.65625 | 2 |
With the COVID-19 pandemic, we have heard a lot of viruses of late. Many are confused – are they living or non-living? Can we kill the COVID-19 virus? This confusion has been around for a long time, and many people are unsure of what they are. Some of us are confused between viruses and bacteria, with a handful even taking antibiotics to cure their viral infections. Trust me; you do not want to try that out.
That said, I would like to give a disclaimer before we begin – even scientists do not know the answer to this question. Viruses exhibit both living and non-living characteristics. “How?” you may ask. Before we discuss what makes scientists debate whether they are living or not, we will first talk about what viruses are.
What is a virus?
Viruses are agents that replicate by infecting living cells. They are sub-microscopic and are usually between 20 nm to 300 nm in diameter. Of course, there are exceptions since giant viruses larger than some cells exist. Viruses with a lipid envelope outside their protein coat are known as enveloped viruses, and those without are called naked viruses.
While some may contain a lipid envelope around their capsid coats, all viruses are made up of nucleic acids and proteins. Viruses also lack a cytoplasm or organelles and are non-cellular, and their genes are located within the capsid coat.
Earlier, we mentioned that viruses replicated by infecting living cells, and this is due to the lack of cellular functions enabling them to replicate on their own. As such, they have to infect living cells to hijack their cellular functions. This is done via either the lytic or the lysogenic cycle, which kills the host cells in the process. Viruses are thus obligate intracellular parasites since they infect both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Structure of viruses
The most important aspect of a virus is its genome. The central core of nucleic acid contains viral genes which produce various virus proteins. These proteins are used as part of the capsid coat and lipid envelope, should they have one. The capsid coat may contain other proteins to stabilise the viral genome. Viral enzymes are also produced for the reproduction of the virus.
As mentioned earlier, the central core is surrounded by the capsid coat. Viruses may contain either DNA or RNA as part of their genome. You might be surprised to find out that single-stranded DNA and double-stranded RNA exists in viruses! Aside from that, the nucleic acid may be linear or circular. They can also exist independently, as a set of different molecules or multiple sets of identical molecules.
We sure have talked a lot about the capsid coat, but we have yet to discuss what exactly they are. The capsid coat is made up of capsomeres, a type of protein, and it contains the viral genome to form nucleocapsid. For naked viruses, the capsid coat also reflects the shape of the virus.
In terms of its function, the capsid coat primarily protects the nucleic acid from being damaged. It also allows the virus to be attached to receptors on the host cell, which is done via the special sites on the capsid coat. The capsid coat also allows the virus to penetrate the cell surface membrane of the host or even inject its genome into the host cell’s cytoplasm.
The lipid membrane envelope is made up of phospholipids and cholesterol, and this is taken from the cell surface membrane of the host cells where viruses first bud. Many contain a lipid envelope, and this includes the HIV and the influenza virus.
While the lipid envelope often originates from the host cell, the virus can inject proteins into it, and this makes it appear as glycoprotein spikes, which aims to attach the virus to the host cell’s receptors. As we mentioned earlier, those with lipid envelopes are known as enveloped viruses.
Viruses – Living or Non-Living
Now that we know a little about what viruses are and what they are made up of, it is time for us to discuss their status as living organisms. However, we must first define what the characteristics of a living organism are.
- Can reproduce
- Display heredity controlling their growth and development
- Display order via organised structures
- Evolve and adapt based on their environment
- Exhibit metabolism – gaining, processing, and using energy
- Respond to stimuli from the external environment
- Show homeostasis, sustaining a constant internal environment
Viruses – Living Characteristics
Firstly, viruses can reproduce within host cells, meeting the first characteristic. This is done by directly controlling the functions of the cell. They contain either DNA or RNA genomes, which allows them to exhibit inheritance, and this meets the second characteristic. On top of that, they are also able to evolve due to spontaneous mutations.
As viruses are made up of a capsid coat, which allows them to have an organised structure, this satisfies the third characteristic mentioned above. They can respond to external signals in the lysogenic cycle, enabling them to reproduce within the host cell. This essentially meets the sixth characteristic.
Viruses – Non-Living Characteristics
Even though we mentioned that viruses had met the first characteristic, they cannot reproduce by themselves. As such, they are only intracellular parasites, and it does not prove that they are living. Viruses are also unable to generate energy for their use. As such, they are unable to carry out metabolism, challenging the fifth characteristic.
Viruses also lack sensory mechanisms and response functions, challenging the sixth characteristic. As they do not contain any internal functions, they are unable to maintain homeostasis. They also do not contain a cytoplasm, so no internal environment needs to be sustained. As such, the seventh characteristic shows that viruses have non-living characteristics.
The cell theory states that:
- All living organisms are made up of one or more cells
- Cells are the smallest and most basic units of life
- Cells reproduce from pre-existing cells
On top of its living-or-non-living debate, viruses also challenge the cell theory. The most obvious characteristic is that they are non-cellular, and they are smaller and have a simpler structure than viruses. Similarly, they do not reproduce from pre-existing cells since they are not cells themselves. However, they reproduce by infecting host cells and using the hosts’ functions and materials to reproduce. This is done via the lytic or the lysogenic cycle.
So, are viruses living or not? Till today, scientists cannot give you a definite answer. Some will argue that they are living since they exhibit living characteristics, but others will argue otherwise for the same reason. Whether they are living or not, we will leave that up to you to decide. However, there is one thing for sure – viruses exhibit both living and non-living characteristics. This means that we can categorise them as both living and non-living. That said, both arguments are not wrong and are valid to a certain extent. | <urn:uuid:c2682661-6778-468c-b4a1-1cfecb13ef81> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mzacademy.net/science/biology/viruses-living-or-non-living/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.960543 | 1,505 | 3.71875 | 4 |
The temperatures are getting warmer and the hot, hazy days of summer are just around the corner. That means that if you enjoy a lush, green lawn, that it’s time to start watering your grass. If you have an automatic sprinkler system, now is the perfect time to inspect it and start it up for the season.
Inspect the sprinkler heads
- Take a walk around your yard and inspect all your sprinkler heads to make sure they are in good shape and level with the ground.
- Trim the grass around each sprinkler head.
Turn on the water to your sprinkler system
- Turn on the valve on your sprinkler supply line. There are two types of valves – ball valves and gate valves. If it’s a ball valve, turn the handle so that it’s parallel to the supply line. If it’s a gate valve, it will look like a wheel. Turn the wheel counter clockwise until the valve is wide open.
- If you see what appears to be a big metal toothpaste cap next to the valve, that’s a petcock. In winter, the petcock should be open to prevent frozen pipes. Going into summer, you want to tighten the petcock to prevent water drips. If you don’t see anything that looks like a toothpaste cap, then you don’t have a petcock and don’t need to worry about it.
- Turn on the sprinkler system controller. The controller is typically located inside your home or your garage. Mechanical controllers are simple – to turn them on, simply turn on the electricity to the mechanical controller. If you have a solid state controller, set it to active mode (it should have been set to inactive or “rain” mode during the winter).
Backflow prevention devices
Just a note about backflow prevention devices… When you shut your sprinkler system off in the fall last year, you may have removed your backflow prevention device. If so, you’ll need to reinstall it. A sprinkler service will be able to assist you if you are unfamiliar with this process.
Running your sprinkler system for the first time
The first time you run your sprinklers:
- Run each station for two minutes are so.
- Observe to make sure that each station is working properly and that the sprinkler heads are directing water in the proper direction.
Now, sit back and enjoy your beautiful green, healthy lawn. | <urn:uuid:88f09206-2fc3-410f-8cdf-b89adbbf6bef> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thewaterworks.com/its-time-to-start-up-and-inspect-your-sprinkler-system/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.915057 | 518 | 1.921875 | 2 |
Diversity and inclusion statistics
Help us to bring them together by adding links to survey results to the list below.
- Race diversity survey (AJ / Stephen Lawrence Charitable Trust, 2018)
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- Women's Engineering Society. | <urn:uuid:5eb26416-b5c7-421b-a416-55e50e5936e4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Diversity_and_inclusion_statistics | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.791187 | 176 | 1.710938 | 2 |
BACKGROUND: The U.S. experienced nearly 48,000 opioid overdose deaths in 2017. Treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD) with buprenorphine is a recommended part of primary care, yet little is known about current U.S. practices in this setting. This observational study reports the prevalence of documented OUD and OUD treatment with buprenorphine among primary care patients in six large health systems. METHODS: Adults with >/=2 primary care visits during a three-year period (10/1/2013-9/30/2016) in six health systems were included. Data were obtained from electronic health record and claims data, with measures, assessed over the three-year period, including indicators for documented OUD from ICD 9 and 10 codes and OUD treatment with buprenorphine. The prevalence of OUD treatment was adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity, and health system. RESULTS: Among 1,368,604 primary care patients, 13,942 (1.0 %) had documented OUD, and among these, 21.0 % had OUD treatment with buprenorphine. For those with documented OUD, the adjusted prevalence of OUD treatment with buprenorphine varied across demographic and clinical subgroups. OUD treatment was lower among patients who were older, women, Black/African American and Hispanic (compared to white), non-commercially insured, and those with non-cancer pain, mental health disorders, greater comorbidity, and more opioid prescriptions, emergency department visits or hospitalizations. CONCLUSIONS: Among primary care patients in six health systems, one in five with an OUD were treated with buprenorphine, with disparities across demographic and clinical characteristics. Less buprenorphine treatment among those with greater acute care utilization highlights an opportunity for systems-level changes to increase OUD treatment. | <urn:uuid:fb517ee8-4585-4b0a-b3ff-73a2b4861db3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.healthpartners.com/knowledgeexchange/display/document-rn20300 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.954696 | 401 | 1.9375 | 2 |
The Little Green Dress: Eliminating Fast Fashion
by Natalie Bencivenga
June 10, 2020
For Leandra Mira, leading organizer of Pittsburgh's FridaysForFuture & Climate Youth Strike, education was the first step towards more sustainable style. “Last spring when I learned about veganism and began striking to protest our lack of action on the climate crisis, I realized that having a sustainable closet was a big part of the lifestyle adjustments that I wanted to make,” she said.
Mira began her protests in May of 2019, sitting on the steps of the City-County building in Downtown Pittsburgh. Fellow activists, students, families, and even Pittsburgh’s Mayor Bill Peduto took note until COVID-19 sidelined the action inspired by Sweden’s student climate activist, Greta Thunberg.
After researching the parallels between fast fashion and industrial agriculture, she was ready to tackle her closet. “Both industries have similar practices to do everything in the cheapest way possible. This leads to fast fashion contributing to 10% or more of total carbon dioxide emissions every year,” said Mira.
Fast fashion, a term used to describe inexpensive clothing produced rapidly by mass-market retailers in response to the latest trends, may seem innocuous at first, but is having devastating effects on both the environment and labor forces. Five dollar tank tops come with a hefty price to pay.
“The conditions for workers, many of them children, are terrible,” said Mira. “Imagine being exposed every day, all day to toxic fumes and materials that are making you sick and those toxins seep into the water and air. Factor in that the workers are making 30 cents an hour and you have a truly unethical environment.”
Fast fashion has contributed to an uptick in clothing sales by 60% since 2000, but people are discarding clothing more quickly than ever before. Eighty-five percent of textiles end up in landfills and washing many of these fabrics contributes to microplastics in the water supply.
“Clothes are literally being worn for an Instagram photo and then thrown out,” she said. “We have to do better.” Last summer she embarked on a “no new clothing” season and only thrifted or swapped for garments. She plans on doing that again this season.
“It’s fun to swap clothing with friends, it’s fun to thrift and upcycle pieces. I’m forcing myself to learn to sew. I want to reimagine clothing that has already been worn by someone else.” Waste not, want not may have sounded like an antiquated notion, but Mira is hoping that people will begin to recognize that you can still be stylish without exploiting the environment or labor forces.
So how does she hope to see fashion in 20 years from now?
“I imagine a future where everything is about local production. I want to see small boutiques that buy from local production houses using sustainable methods that treat workers fairly.” For instance, in her future, Pittsburgh would have its own special clothing stores unique to the city instead of chains.
Mall culture would be different, too. “I hope malls in the future will be about smaller, local brands based regionally rather than every city in the country.” She believes social media will come into play, showcasing vintage and upcycled fashions for sale. Instead of buying fabric, she believes designers will thrift for used clothing and recreate the fabrics into one-of-a-kind pieces.
“A lot of people are being awakened to this idea and realize that second-hand clothing is of great quality. I love the unique style it adds to my closet and it makes me feel good. We are adopting reuse and recycle across industries and if we can just recognize our collective buying power, we can rethink an entire industry for the better.”
Now that’s fashionable thinking. | <urn:uuid:fa696e1f-ac34-4961-873a-2b90e64f3786> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pittsburghearthday.org/the-little-green-dress-eliminating-fast-fashion/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.962851 | 823 | 2.5 | 2 |
After leaving the European Union, the UK government is keen to highlight the growth in investment in the general ‘tech’ industry around the country rather than just in London.
The UK saw £29.4bn venture capital this year, up 2.3x from last year’s £11.5bn. Almost £9bn of this went into startups and scaleups outside London and the South East and the regions are home to nine of the 29 unicorns formed this year. The combined value of UK tech companies founded since 2000 is now £540bn, after the biggest year-on-year increase since 2013/14.
Th UK government was at pains to point out that the £29.4bn raised was double the figure raised in Germany (£14.7billion) and almost three times that raised by companies in France (£9.7 billion). UK tech investment accounted for a third of the total £89.5 billion that flowed into the European tech ecosystem this year says the analysis for the UK’s Digital Economy Council by Dealroom and the job search engine Adzuna.
Nine out of the 29 unicorns created this year are outside of London including Interactive Investor in Glasgow, Vertical Aerospace in Bristol and Touchlight Genetics in Hampton. Of all the unicorns created in the UK, 35% are outside of London and 35% of futurecorns are also based outside of the capital, suggesting that the growth in tech in the regions will continue strongly in the next five years.
“There is no longer any debate over whether you can build a multi-billion dollar tech business in the UK. The investments made over the past few years into startups and scaleups across the country are producing outstanding results and I look forward to seeing how ecosystems like Bristol’s grow and thrive over many years to come,” said Nigel Toon, Co-Founder and CEO at double-unicorn chip designer Graphcore, based in Bristol.
The UK’s total unicorn figure to 115 meaning a quarter of the UK’s total unicorns were created in 2021 alone. The UK has more unicorns than France (31) and Germany (56) combined. The investments were mainly focussed on fintech and health startups.
Cambridge is the leading regional tech city in the UK thanks to its combination of high levels of VC funding, venture capital rounds, advertised tech salaries, number of unicorns (tech companies worth more than $1bn) and ‘futurecorns’.
- Graphcore moves to double unicorn status
- NMI teams with Silicon Catalyst for UK semiconductor startups
- CEO interview: Building a European sensor unicorn
- EU invests €627m in 99 startups
Manchester was only narrowly beaten by Cambridge to the number two position. The number of tech jobs in Manchester increased by 164.6% in 2021 and the highest advertised average salaries outside London were in Edinburgh at £58,405.
Next: Top ten cities for UK tech
The study looked at the top ten cities outside London for tch.
UK venture capital firms have also had a record year and raised £7 billion from London firms including Index Ventures, Balderton Capital, 83North and Eight Road Ventures.
The majority of the money coming into UK tech is from the US, with 37 percent of all funding coming from the States, up from 31.5 percent last year, with the majority of it going into fintech and health tech companies. Over 28 percent of UK venture funding came from domestic capital.
More US venture funds launch offices in the UK, including Bessemer Venture Partners, General Catalyst, Lightspeed Venture Partners and Sequoia Capital.
The UK government also point to the London Stock Exchange hosting more than twice as many transactions as the next most active European market, with a combined £49.0bn raised through IPOs and Follow-On Issuance. The 37 tech and consumer internet companies that have listed this year achieved a combined market cap of £31bn. The London Stock Exchange has also supported 30 founder-led companies to list this year.
- GraphCore opens major R&D centre in Poland
- UK VC leads spinout of Intel data centre technnology
- First UK ‘Knowledge Intensive’ deeptech university fund
- UK group opens up tech visa scheme to EU
“With such a record tech investment year, it’s becoming increasingly evident that the UK is very good at rearing and cultivating startups and scale-ups into successful global companies right across the UK, unlike its continental European neighbours, where it tends to be more in capital cities,” said Gerard Grech, founding Chief Executive, Tech Nation. “A true network of digital excellence is emerging right across the country through entrepreneurship, driving new job and wealth creation. Tech Nation is committed to identifying and fueling the growth of these high-potential businesses through its programs and initiatives, removing geographic and financial barriers as quickly as possible.”
“The UK startup and scale-up sector is very attractive right now and investors don’t want to miss out on this opportunity. We are living in a ‘founders’ market’ and investors want to be there at the very beginning. We have seen top series A and B VCs moving into seed during 2021. What’s notable compared to other countries in Europe is that talented founders are starting companies right across the UK. Given that difficulty hiring is one of the main headaches for growing tech startups, this geographic spread should translate into another structural advantage for UK tech,” said Luisa Alemany, Associate professor of management practice in strategy and entrepreneurship at London Business School’s Institute of Entrepreneurship and Private Capital.
The increased levels of money going into UK tech also mean companies are in need of trained technical and business staff. There has been a 50 percent rise in overall UK tech job vacancies advertised this year compared to 2020’s figures, with advertised tech vacancies hitting 160,887 in November. Currently, tech vacancies make up 12 percent of all available jobs in the UK, with just over 50 percent of these jobs available outside of London and the South East.
UK tech jobs
Software developers are still the most in-demand tech job across the UK. These positions make up 9% of all tech jobs with prospective developers being offered an average salary of £64,318, a 12% increase on 2020’s figures. Specialist staff such as java developers and IT systems architects continue to be able to command high salaries with the average advertised wage for these roles being £80,076 and £93,004 respectively. 21.6% of all job ads in the IT sector are advertised as remote roles. This is also contributing to the spread of the UK tech ecosystem beyond London as businesses can hire across the country and find the staff that they need, regardless of location.
“It’s taken 20 years for UK tech to get to the starting line and things start to get interesting in the next 20 years,” said Saul Klein, partner and co-founder at LocalGlobe. “We have all the ingredients to become the leading tech ecosystem in the world, with record levels of R&D, financing and established tech hubs across the country from New Palo Alto in Kings Cross, to Cambridge, Edinburgh and Manchester. But the key differentiator for investors in future will be a willingness to take an ethical approach to building businesses. We can be world-class in this and over the long term this will set our companies apart from those built in the US and China.”
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- UK patent office calls for views on essential patents | <urn:uuid:cc810455-8f1c-466b-9870-2e4b013e4c6a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.eenewseurope.com/en/uk-doubles-venture-capital-investment-in-tech/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.944486 | 1,715 | 1.546875 | 2 |
Copenhagen Airport, December 2009
As the world's leaders gathered in Copenhagen in Denmark for the
COP15 world conference on climate change, so did two bear leaders,
McBear and Roger. At the latest TARF meeting, the council had decided
to send two delegates to the conference. McBear believed that toy
animals should be represented on equal terms with humans and Roger,
being a polar bear, believed, that if the North Pole was at risk of
melting, polar bears would indeed be the first to feel the consequences.
Having landed in Copenhagen Airport, we discovered some of the many posters that were hanging around to advertise this world event.
Click each photo to enlarge
We were staying with our humans in Slangerup and we had the opportunity to go to Hillerød and the famous Frederiksborg Castle. We had already seen the castle several times before, and since Christmas was approaching, we were more interested in the local Christmas market. Here were are at the local town hall square.
Hillerød, December 2009
At one of the stands we came across some lovely handmade bear
sized timber chairs and we decided to buy a chair.
It turned out that McBear had certain difficulties trying to squeeeeze in between the armrests. Roger on the other hand was perfectly fit to sit on the chair.
"Your bum is still too big!" Roger pointed out rather bluntly.
"And you spend too much time in front of your laptop!" he continued.
McBear didn't fully agree...
In the evening we sat down to enjoy a cosy fire in front of
the fireplace. Roger enjoyed sitting on his new armchair.
Our humans were very concerned and they were worried that one of us could catch fire.
Copenhagen, December 2009
The next day we went to Copenhagen to the town hall square. It looked
like it would be a busy place...
We had prepared some posters. On McBear's poster he had typed: "Humans & Toy Animals share climate responsibility". And Roger had prepared a poster on which he had printed: "Polar Bears support colder icebergs!"
Thousands of people had gathered at the town hall square to listen to talks and to demonstrate for a better climate in the world. We were a bit worried to become run over by people if we should mingle with the crowd...
We went to the Bella Center where the conference was taking place. But at
the entrance the police refused to let us in! It turned out that the Danish
government hadn't thought of inviting toy animals! Boy, was McBear disappointed!
Roger tried to give ham consolation.
"Don't worry, McBear. We'll be there the next time..."
Check out the map of Denmark | <urn:uuid:34dd641f-d573-4a28-bbe1-3b221088f0e1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.travellingbears.dk/hopenhagen.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.983204 | 578 | 1.773438 | 2 |
Dependent upon your necessities, you can pick a stove and the style that suits you best. There are stoves with a self-cleaning feature which is truly important. This comes in different sorts – fuel type, part type or convection type. You can pick the one that is best for you.
Oneself cleaning stove for home cooking is entirely important as it cleans without any other person as the name suggests. Thusly, cleaning within is managed, and avoids pointless work. Expecting an individual feels that this is huge, they can go for this model. There may be people who might like to do their cleaning truly, in which case they do not have to pick this component when buying a stove.
Segment Type Stoves
Another sort of stove to peruse is the segment type, and they come in different collections. Here again, you should pick the one that you are for the most part comfortable with. There are gas burners that are arranged with burners, and in case you need to cook on low warmth, they have a stew burner. There are moreover stoves that have a wok burner. There are similarly splendid parts with circle that can cook faster and is also easy to clean. One necessities to recall thicker segments heat speedier and are unquestionably more suffering than their more slim accomplices. There are furthermore the smooth top parts covered with terminated glass which give heat immediately, and cleaning is a breeze – it moreover looks dazzling. Solid parts give uniform warmth, and stewing happens well double burner griddle. There are furthermore halogen and hot plate griddle. In this way, you have a whole arrangement to investigate.
Another component to investigate are convection stoves. You can pick either gas or electric. double burner griddle go with incredibly definite temperature controls while electric stoves grant food to be cooked at a uniform rate. There are even stoves that have a double cooking structure that grants you to use the two gas and electric. People can in like manner use fuel or coal as indicated by their choice.
As of now, comes the choice of brand names and expenses. This is where an individual thinks that it’s for the most part inconvenient, as there is such a collection in the market with such endless features, that it is difficult to make the right choice. There are makes going from Whirlpool, GE, Kenmore, Frigidaire, Rankin-Delux, Comstock-Castle, Maytag, Jenn-Air, Wolf Range, Viking, Vulcan and American Range, to give a few models. There are expenses going from $690, $1320, $2250, $3620, and even as high as conceivable $5100, and it can go extensively higher. Thusly, you need to measure the potential gains and drawbacks, and pick as carefully as could really be expected, in light of the fact that at last, it needs to suit your necessities and your monetary arrangement. | <urn:uuid:506c5122-8f2b-4197-b40d-4ee04545d724> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.owossoamphitheater.org/double-burner-griddle-the-various-types-and-a-review-of-each/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.970357 | 605 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Today, all sciences - every field within the social and natural sciences alike - offer problems that demand mathematical expertise.
- Core courses provide in-depth understanding of one or more areas in the mathematical sciences.
- Degree program can be tailored to an area of specialization, such as:
- computer science
- social science
- Coursework will prepare you for graduate school or fields such as as engineering, physics, computer technology, business, law, medicine and the social sciences.
- B.S./M.S. Program in Mathematics — this accelerated option enables you to earn bachelor’s and master’s degrees in five years.
- Focus on interdisciplinary research, working with researchers in many different fields.
- Pursue scholarly activities that range from pure and applied mathematics to mathematics education and teacher training.
- Consult with local industry to teach mathematical concepts and challenges from a practical perspective.
- Applied Mathematics Research Laboratory
- General-purpose computer labs
- Access to facilities at the Ohio Supercomputer Center and NASA Supercomputer facilities
Gain practical professional experience through UA's optional cooperative education program in the applied mathematics field of your choice. Through co-op, you’ll alternate semesters of work and school while earning a competitive salary.
Recent Placements include:
- NASA Lewis Research Center
- National Security Agency
- Glidden Co.
- Goodrich Corporation
- General Electric
- Babcock and Wilcox
- Diebold, Inc.
- Telxon, Inc.
- Ciba Corning Diagnostics Corp.
Mathematics Student Organizations
Interact with other applied mathematics students and professionals in the field through organizations such as:
- Mathematical Association of America
- Pi Mu Epsilon (mathematics honorary society)
- Math Club | <urn:uuid:48869ced-be64-40b8-bcdd-5c3af0023511> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.uakron.edu/math/academics/undergraduate/applied-mathematics-program.dot | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.864066 | 418 | 2.390625 | 2 |
One of the highlights of summer is growing carrots and cabbage. This year my red cabbage didn’t do so well so I am making a new basic coleslaw recipe using only green. In the post below find my basic coleslaw recipe.
With some homegrown cabbage and carrots this is a real treat to whip up during harvest time. If you want to make the salad healthy just omit the mayonnaise and use a plain Greek yogurt. Using honey instead of white sugar also helps the health factor. My detailed recipe can be found below.
The recipe is one of my favorite to whip up anytime of the year. During the summer months after a harvest is my favorite. It is also a great time to grill up some smoked pork to go with the salad. If you like this recipe be sure to checkout my other recipes on this website.
About the Coleslaw Home Grow Ingredients
All summer long it is a treat to pull fresh herbs and vegetables out of the garden or raised beds. I am really bummed this year because the darn cabbage moth got a head of me so my leaves look ugly on the outside of the vegetable. No worries, once I start a routine of organic soap spray bug killer on the cabbage the problem is solved. Luckily, the moth only got the outside leaves. The green cabbage I bought as starter plants taste amazing at the first harvest in late July. Below I share some images featuring my cabbage and carrots used in this recipe.
This is my second year mastering the carrot productions. This year after adding a new raised bed I was sure to plant 2 large sections of carrot seeds early in the spring. I hope to add another section of seeds with hopes of getting a winter or late Autumn harvest. I’ll share updates on this blog so stay tuned and bookmark my site.
Easy Homemade Coleslaw RecipeCourse: side dishCuisine: AmericanDifficulty: Easy
1/2 head of green cabbage (2 cups chopped)
2 medium carrots shredded
1/3 cup of plain Greek yogurt (or mayonnaise)
4 tablespoons of apple cider vinegar
2 tablespoons of fresh honey
In mixing bowl mix well with whisk yogurt, vinegar, and honey.
Shred and dice the carrots and cabbage before adding to the mixing bowl with wet ingredients.
Refrigerate for at least 1 hour before serving but do not store for more than a week.
- This recipe is amazing with fresh produce from home garden or farmers market. If using mayonnaise instead of yogurt consider the calorie count. | <urn:uuid:801a30ae-92bb-480a-a2ef-fcf53e7dd710> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://brenhaas.com/coleslaw-recipe/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.915781 | 540 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Often when talking about preparation, prepping, thoughts turn to be ready for a disaster of some kind. There are other ways that you can, and probably should, get ready.
Back to school. September is the traditional return to school month, although many schools start in August now. Whether your child goes to a traditional school or is educated at home now is the time to settle into a routine that will help as the year continues on.
Winter. It’s time to get your home and family ready for winter. For our family that means cutting and stacking firewood. Those of you who live in areas that are very cold now is the time to dig out the winter coats and boots. Make sure they still fit.
The holidays. Yes, it’s true. We know the most stressful time of each year is the six weeks between Thanksgiving and New Year’s Day. Why? We don’t really prepare ourselves. My turkey is already in the freezer. I start gathering the grandkiddos Christmas wish list this month and start scouring internet shopping sites.
Illness. Yep, it will come. No matter how you try to avoid it sniffles, coughs, muscle aches; something is going hit. Do you have tissues, throat drops, or other necessary supplies?
Break-down. Things break. Recently the truck I’ve owned less than six months needed brake repair. No, I didn’t have extra brakes on hand. I do have an emergency fund. It’s hard not to declare the need for chocolate an emergency. Part of this type of prepping is to have the tools necessary on hand and accessible.
I hope this short list has sparked a few ideas of your own. Ways you can be prepared for future events – disaster or not. Use National Preparedness Month to start thinking about what you need to prepare for.
What are you getting ready for this month? | <urn:uuid:be0deea9-2b6b-4c9b-8431-da560cab7087> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.susankstewart.com/practical-preparedness-list/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.954147 | 401 | 1.804688 | 2 |
It is a common belief that that software engineers are very well paid. While that being true in most cases, the amount of money that an average software engineer makes varies immensely throughout the world.
A story about a software engineer was featured on Business Insider claiming he made over $3 million a year at Google including salary and bonuses. While this is certainly possible, an analysis of Salary Data available at Glassdoor by ITWorld shows that it is an extreme case. On average a Google software engineer makes slightly over $1 million a year.
If around a million is what an engineer at Google makes, how much does an average software engineer around the world makes? That too adjusted with the cost of living. This map below, courtesy of Hired represents a study by their Data Science Team.
Hired received 280,000 interview requests and job offers from more than 5,000 companies to 45,000 job seekers. Based on this data, the company’s data team determined the average salary for a software engineer in the San Fransisco Bay Area which is $134,000 a year. In any other place in the country, software engineers do not get paid as much. Seattle, however, is close to San Fransisco with an average of $126,000. Boston, Austin, L.A, New York, and Washington D.C are considered to be the tech hubs of the country where a software engineer’s salary ranges between $110,000 and $120,000.
The skyrocketing living expenses in Silicon Valley, according to Hired’s lead data scientist Jessica Kirkpatrick make San Fransisco one of the lowest-paying places for software engineers. The analysis suggests that when the cost of living is factored in, making $198,000 in the Bay Area is equivalent to $110,000 that a software engineer in Austin makes. In Melbourne, Australia a software engineer roughly makes seemingly low $107,000 on average, but this is an equivalent of $150,000 in San Fransisco.
There is also a very increased trend of hiring relocation candidates. The analyst said that 60% of jobs offered in Texas are extended to people outside. Relocated employees are often paid better than locals, particularly in European, Canadian and Asian markets. The study reveals a surprising 57% more earning by relocated employees as compared to the locals.
The study also analyzed a bias in paying salaries based on identity, across different cities. Hired’s data suggested that a black software developer with the same level of expertise as their white peer are receiving a $115,000 a year whereas the white developers receive $125,000.
According to a survey by Indeed.com, about one-fourth of tech sector workers reported discrimination at work due to race, age, gender, religion or sexual orientation. 32 percent Asian and nonwhite employees reported feeling discriminated against, while 29 percent females reported the same.
The Hired report showed another fascinating perspective, revealing that even though black candidates get paid slightly less, they are in a much higher demand. It does not hold true for Latino or Asian candidates, that reportedly face more discrimination.
You can dig deeper into the report here. | <urn:uuid:3a5c8cdf-0c64-4084-ae00-9e1dcd9e528c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wonderfulengineering.com/much-software-engineers-around-world-make/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.965765 | 653 | 2.5 | 2 |
- This event has passed.
Ri Lates: Surviving in space
11 March, 2016 @ 6:30 pm - 10:00 pm£10
Fifty years since the first space probe landed on the moon, Ri Lates will be exploring space, from the rocket fuel that propels us and the life of an astronaut to the scientific advances our journeys in space have given rise to. What’s life like on the ISS? How do our modern lives depend on results from the space race? And when will we be building a civilisation on Mars?
The 2015 CHRISTMAS LECTURES are all about how to survive in space – now the adults can join in, try out demos from the Lectures and hear from experts in space science and cosmology. Listen to talks in our theatre and explore the rest of the Ri for hands-on activities and demonstrations, in celebration of space exploration over the ages. | <urn:uuid:d0d8c3a7-167f-46f8-9179-de9dd2927ed3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://isciencemag.co.uk/event/ri-lates-surviving-in-space/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.876754 | 188 | 1.695313 | 2 |
By Wisdom Deji-Folutile
President Muhammadu Buhari has warned media houses to use their freedom responsibly especially in the country’s current political climate.
In a statement by Femi Adesina, media aide to the President, on Sunday quoted Buhari as saying that the press should avoid licentious freedom and embrace responsibility.
The statement read, “That everything is permitted does not mean that there are no rules of correctness, particularly in a polity seriously challenged as ours now.
“The media must be sensitive to what we are going through as a country, and anything that would exacerbate the situation, and further inflame passions and emotions, should be avoided.”
READ ALSO: INEC office in Akwa Ibom set ablaze
The President made his appeal in commemoration of the 2021 World Press Freedom day.
He charged those who manage information for the government to do everything in the public interest.
The President reiterated the importance of responsible reporting, especially in this era of disinformation, misinformation and hate speech. | <urn:uuid:fd232d57-7759-4e94-ab6a-cdd95a6db7f2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://af24news.com/2021/05/02/buhari-cautions-media-urges-responsible-journalism/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.952925 | 218 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Senior public health officials have made a last-minute plea for ministers to scrap Monday’s easing of the coronavirus lockdown in England, warning the country is unprepared to deal with any surge in infection and that public resolve to take steps to limit transmisson has been eroded.
The Association of Directors of Public Health (ADPH) said new rules, including allowing groups of up to six people to meet outdoors and in private gardens, were “not supported by the science” and that pictures of crowded beaches and beauty spots over the weekend showed “the public is not keeping to social distancing as it was”.
On Saturday and Sunday, parks and seafronts were packed as people anticipated the lifting of restrictions on what has been dubbed “happy Monday”. Car showrooms and outdoor markets will also be reopened, millions of children will return to primary schools and the most vulnerable “shielded” people will be allowed out for the first time since lockdown began in March, all as long as physical distancing is maintained.
But Jeanelle de Gruchy, president of the ADPH, said her colleagues across England were “increasingly concerned that the government is misjudging the balance of risk between more social interaction and the risk of a resurgence of the virus, and is easing too many restrictions too quickly”.
They have called on ministers to postpone the easing of restrictions until more is known about the infection rate, the test-and-trace system is better established and public resolve to maintain physical distancing and hygiene can be reinforced.
“We have not spoken out in this way before,” De Gruchy said, “but we are concerned that if there is a spike it will be in our communities. We need to be confident we can get on top of it, and we are not confident yet.”
The beach at the Durdle Door beauty spot in Dorset remained closed on Sunday after people crowded there on Saturday and air ambulances were forced to land on the sand after three people were injured while jumping off the rocks. Wildfires also broke out across the north of England as firefighters blamed the easing of lockdown for the number of people having illegal barbecues on the moors. In Derbyshire, police towed cars blocking lanes near a notoriously toxic lake which they dyed black in order to deter swimmers earlier in the lockdown. Hoffman Quarry and the surrounding area was “like Skegness in peak summer”, said the local police.
Speaking at the daily Downing Street press conference Robert Jenrick, the communities secretary, admitted that “room for manoeuvre [in lifting the lockdown] is quite limited”.
He said the government was “reasonably confident” the lifting of restrictions was manageable. Earlier, the foreign secretary, Dominic Raab, described it as “a delicate and dangerous moment”. He said if infections surged, the government could impose geographically targeted measures such as locking down specific cities.
Dr Jenny Harries, the deputy chief medical officer for England, also stressed the rate of the rise in the death toll, which climbed by 113 to 38,489 on Sunday was only falling “very gently”.
She said the public “really, really need to stick to the message” and said: “As we move forward with the easing of our lockdown restrictions we encourage people to maintain all focus on maintaining social distancing.”
The public health directors, who work for local authorities, said they had realised in recent days that the government’s test-and-trace system was not yet robust enough to quash any resurgence in the virus and warned that the R infection number – estimated at between 0.7 and 0.9 – was too close to 1, above which the infection is growing.
They also said that the lockdown must remain in place until “relentless efforts are made to regain and rebuild public confidence and trust following recent events”, an apparent reference to the Dominic Cummings affair.
In Scotland, which is exiting lockdown more slowly, the first minister, Nicola Sturgeon, warned of a significant risk coronavirus could “run out of control again”. Prof Devi Sridhar of Edinburgh University, a member of the Scottish government’s Covid-19 advisory group, said she feared a rise in coronavirus numbers in England was inevitable.
“The only thing that might save England is the good weather, and the warmth if this virus does indeed die outside quite quickly,” she said. “But it is incredibly worrying, because the numbers are not low enough to have a testing and tracing system take over.”
Nurses also called for caution. Dame Donna Kinnair, the chief executive and general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said staff were “anxious that easing lockdown could undo the progress we’ve made as a country in combatting this virus”.
“People must continue to act sensibly and think of the nurses they’ve applauded before they do anything that could jeopardise their health and the health of others,” she said.
Sally Bloomfield, an honorary professor at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, also warned “our desire to socialise means that the critical nature of our situation is being forgotten”.
“Why introduce all of these measures at the same time – which means that if the situation deteriorates it will be impossible to know which measures need to be reimposed, and we will just have to go back to lockdown?” she said. “This does not look like gently lifting the lid. In reality, the option to meet with non-household members in private gardens is only a small extension of meeting in public parks, but my fear is that it is not being seen this way.” | <urn:uuid:f1522528-1716-43f2-af77-2ba19635452d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/31/health-officials-make-last-minute-plea-to-stop-lockdown-easing-happy-monday | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.974954 | 1,212 | 1.570313 | 2 |
Get ready to ditch worksheets and flashcards in favor of hands on reading games.
Lots of what kids learning in the first few years of school is about memorization: letters, letter sounds, sight words, shapes, colors, numbers, etc. Traditionally these types of things are taught with repetition through worksheets and flashcards.
But that's BORING! Okay, some kids might like those things, but I betcha that MORE children prefer to learn in a more hands on way.
“Tell me and I forget, teach me and I may remember, involve me and I learn."
Xunzi, Chinese Philosopher
With hands on reading games like Pom Pom Toss and Read kids are more likely to memorize whatever reading skill they're working on because they're having fun and involved in play. I mean, when have you ever learned something new from a worksheet?
In Pom Pom Toss and Read I focus on sight words as an example, but this game can also be used to practice letters, letter sounds, vocabulary, or spelling.
*As an Amazon affiliate I may make a small commission from purchases made through this post, at no extra cost to you.
Write your 4 target sight words on Post-its and place them in a line like in the picture. Line your muffin pan up with the words so that the rows lead down from the sight words. You can also use letters, vocab words, spelling words, or CVC words.
Have your child toss pom poms into the pan. Whenever they make a "goal," they need to read the word at the top of that row! Play along with them. Celebrate your goals and read out the words.
Got a little one working on learning letters in their name or learning the alphabet? Instead of sight words, just write letters on the post-its and have them yell out the letter name or letter sound when they score a "goal."
I've compiled 16 favorite activities that make learning sight words fun. There is not a single worksheet and lots of these play based activities involve your child to be active. For kids aged 4-5 it's so important to keep learning fun and moving. Little ones are not meant to sit and do busy work; they learn by doing! | <urn:uuid:2ce96a9e-87a5-4493-8446-9a8230e0c74b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://forwardwithfun.com/tag/gross-motor/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.960541 | 473 | 3.484375 | 3 |
***UPDATE TO I-94 RIOT STORY***
On Saturday night, the St. Paul Police Twitter feed announced that a police officer who had a concrete chunk dropped on his head during the I-94 riots had a broken vertebrae. Now, the Pioneer Press reports that the police officer sustained a “spinal compression injury” and not a fractured spine.
The University of Minnesota Police Department gave an update on the officer’s condition and said that the officer was “cleared to return (to work) but he’s taking a couple of days off.”
The police officer’s injury was the most serious of the night. He was wearing a helmet when he was struck by a concrete chunk, which weighed about 25 pounds. The concrete was thought to have been dropped from a pedestrian bridge over the highway, police said.
For more than five hours, protesters shut down I-94, the main interstate that connects Minneapolis and St. Paul to protest the death of Philando Castile. Around 8PM on Saturday night, 200-300 people moved across the highly traveled highway and formed a human wall in both the east bound and west bound lanes. The interstate was closed until 1:15AM on Sunday morning as the demonstrations turned violent. At this time, 21 police officers were reported injured and 102 people were arrested.
St. Paul police said that objects were thrown at the officers including fireworks, Molotov cocktails, rebar and rocks. One protester used a laser sight and pointed it at officers. Other protesters standing on an overpass, poured liquids on police. St. Paul Mayor Chris Coleman confirmed that at least three of the injured police officers were sent to area hospitals.
It is estimated that about 200 people were blocking both the eastbound and westbound lands of the busy interstate. Some people climbed fences to join in the protest on the highway while a dozen or so police cars with lights flashing lined up a few yards away. Hundreds more lined up along the roadway to watch the events unfold. Police addressed the crowds via loudspeaker asking them to vacate the interstate. As the protest continued, several officers dressed in riot gear marched on the crowd.
As of 9:15PM, the State Patrol issued its 12th order to vacate the interstate, but the protesters were not moving. “Black Lives Matter” posted on Twitter “We shut down 94 for Philando. We are gonna need bail money. Please make a gift now.”
St. Paul Police started using glass balls with smoke on the I-94 protesters. They did not use tear gas, according to the St. Paul Police Department.
The St. Paul Police Department’s Twitter feed said that 21 officers from multiple agencies were injured on I-94 and in other areas of the city and that 52 people were arrested for public nuisance and unlawful assembly during an incident at 4AM on Grand Avenue and Dale Street in St. Paul.
The interstate was cleared of protesters by 12:30AM on Sunday. Debris from the melee had to be cleared off the roadway. Police say they made 50 arrests on the interstate. Those who were arrested on the interstate were booked on third-degree rioting.
There were about 200 police officers who were on hand to disperse crowds and make arrests during the protests including those from nearby cities.
After the demonstration on the interstate, protesters went to Summit Avenue to the Governor’s Mansion to renew calls for peaceful protests. A group of about 100 protesters left the Governor’s residence to march down Grand Avenue, chanting “We’re just taking a walk!” Police and State Troopers met the protesters at Dale Street and took between 40 to 50 people into custody, but they were later tagged and released.
Follow Alpha News as we continue to report on this story as more details become available. | <urn:uuid:7d9f4d69-7c10-4d17-8cff-c97fa6d761cc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://alphanews.org/officer-in-i-94-riot-has-broken-vertebrae/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.984104 | 792 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Deep floodwater can be expected in Lancashire as Storm Dennis arrives this weekend.
The Met Office has issued an amber weather warning for rain.
It is active between 3pm on Saturday (February 15) and 3pm on Sunday (February 16).
The weather experts say that Storm Dennis is 'likely to bring very heavy rain, flooding and disruption to travel over the weekend'.
They say that homes and businesses are likely to flood and deep floodwater is likely and could cause danger to life.
While not all of Lancashire will be affected, Burnley, Bacup and Clitheroe are set to be hit by the rain storm.
What to expect
- Homes and businesses are likely to be flooded, causing damage to some buildings
- Fast flowing or deep floodwater is likely, causing danger to life
- Delays and some cancellations to train and bus services are likely
- Spray and flooding probably leading to difficult driving conditions and some road closures
- A good chance some communities cut off by flooded roads
- Power cuts and loss of other services to some homes and businesses likely
An additional yellow warning for wind has been issued between 10am on Saturday and midnight on Sunday.
A spokesperson for the Met Office said: "Spells of heavy and prolonged rain are expected to affect parts of England and Wales over the weekend with a higher likelihood of impacts now expected in some areas.
"Around 20-40 mm of rain will fall widely with 50-80 mm likely across parts of northern and southern England. Over the higher ground of Wales and southwest England, 120-140 mm of rain is possible in a few locations.
"This rain is expected to fall across areas already wet from recent rainfall." | <urn:uuid:2f2f6586-b95b-4d60-8b72-35b7efd6140c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.lancs.live/news/lancashire-news/storm-dennis-danger-life-amber-17741476 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.966123 | 352 | 1.640625 | 2 |
For the Trees
Who speaks on their behalf? Who’s listening?
A Great Presence
It hit me with the force of an ocean wave-the sudden scent of the giant sequoias drifting through the golden-green light of morning in the forest understory. It was my first trip to Yosemite and my friend Carlos and I had come here to climb: sight of the world famous cliffs of ‘The Valley’-El Capitan, Half Dome, The Sentinel, Cathedral-awaited us later in the day. But traveling through the park from our hotel in Mariposa, it was the presence of the sequoias that was making me giddy, before we had even caught a glimpse of the airy granite heights. Or the magnificent trees themselves for that matter, almost equal in scale to the big walls of Yosemite. At 350 feet tall and as old as 3,000 years, giant sequoias are considered by some the largest living beings on the planet.
The perfume of those trees instantly spoke to my heart of their splendor, grace, and enduring grandeur-it stirred in me some wild and primeval recognition, not unlike catching a whiff of the sea for the first time. I can appreciate my own vivid sense-memory all the more in these pandemic days-the prospect of forever losing my sense of smell terrifies me, maybe even more than the other strange and unsettling long-term effects of this new virus. But in recalling the sensory richness of that moment, these lines from Theodore Roethke’s “ The Far Field “ come to mind:
All finite things reveal infinitude: / The mountain with its sinister bright shade / Like the blue shine on freshly frozen snow, / The after-light upon ice-burdened pines; / Odor of basswood on a mountain-slope, / A scent beloved of bees; / Silence of water above a sunken tree; / The pure serene of memory in one man,- / A ripple widening from a single stone / Winding around the waters of the world.
Fifteen years ago as we drove through groves of these colossal, breathtaking beings on our way to one of nature’s great ‘cathedrals,’ it hadn’t occurred to me that perhaps these trees were the more worthy subject for our wonder and reverence. Or that climate breakdown and its effects could threaten the continued existence of these forests and their likes in my lifetime.
Trees of Life
About 3.5 billion years ago, simple life forms such as bacteria began evolving the ability to photosynthesize energy from light, carbon dioxide and water. A byproduct of that chemical reaction was oxygen. Oxygenation ultimately led to an atmosphere in which the evolution of more complex life became possible. However, the earliest complex plants didn’t appear until just 850 million years ago and it took another 400 million years for the first trees to appear.
When trees came onto the scene and began proliferating, their presence altered not just the landscapes where they grew, but the composition of the soils in which they were rooted and the atmospheric chemistry and weather of their surroundings. It is the presence of photosynthetic flora, and especially trees, that through their essential role in the carbon, nitrogen, and water cycles enables the continued existence of so much of life on Earth. In this sense, they are literally trees of life.
But trees also provide food and shelter for much of the life that their photo-chemical reactions enable, from the tiniest insects up to the primates from which we’re descended. Between 85 and 55 million years ago, small terrestrial mammals shifted to life among the trees of tropical jungles. For these creatures, the trees provided food and habitat in which to live, as they do now for many modern primate species.
According to what is known as the ‘arboreal theory,’ over the course of evolutionary time spent among the branches, two particularly important anatomical developments took place. Hands (and feet) capable of grasping-necessary to swing from branch to branch among the treetops-arose; and an especially sharp visual system which enabled the precise depth perception essential for moving through the three-dimensional space of the tree-scape developed. These two adaptations would have represented a competitive advantage for our distant ancestors when they eventually came down out of the trees.
Trees, and in particular, the ‘Tree of Life’ represent important mythological archetypes from humanity’s earliest attempts at storytelling about its own origins. In many world cultures, trees have mythological significance as a symbol of vitality, fertility, or wisdom. The Buddha is said to have received enlightenment beneath a banyan tree and Frazier’s The Golden Bough, an anthropological study in myth and comparative religion, was one of the major inspirations for T. S. Eliot’s “ The Waste Land.”
However the ‘tree myths’ with which many Westerners are most familiar occur in the Bible’s Book of Genesis. Here the ‘garden’ of Eden (which was maybe an orchard) contains its version of the Tree of Life but also the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil, from which Adam and Eve are tempted to eat the consequential fruit that leads to their downfall.
If we are to try and make sense of this story from an anthropological or deep-historical perspective, eating from the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil seems to represent the development of self-awareness or consciousness. Evolutionary biologists think this occurred about five million years ago, when the great apes split off from the lesser apes. This dawning of self-awareness may be the definitive characteristic that separates humanity, for better or worse, from the rest of the natural world. At least it’s one of the things, along with our use of language, that enables us to tell ourselves ‘stories’ about our place in it.
The Stories We Tell
The two novels that I have enjoyed the most in recent years are both ‘tree stories’- Richard Powers’ The Overstory and Annie Proulx’sBoth works offer stories in which the human lives of their main characters connect and relate to the destiny of trees and forests that, one might argue, represent the greater subjects and sometimes characters within these novels.
The narratives that unfold across multiple human generations in both works correspond to the deeper, slower developmental pace of ‘tree time.’ This is an effect that succeeds in decentering the human characters from stories that are ultimately greater and longer than any one human life-span. It is through this broader scope that each novel attests to the lives and stories of the more-than-human arboreal worlds that we ignore, exploit, or destroy at our peril.
The Overstory begins in mid-19th century Brooklyn, when a Norwegian immigrant pockets some chestnuts before travelling west to Iowa to settle there, where he plants the seeds. A grove of American chestnuts springs forth, and individual trees develop and decline through the generations until just one tree is left, surviving into the current lifetime of the immigrant’s descendant, Nick Hoel. Nick is an artist and one of the nine humans and five trees whose inter-related stories and destinies form the ‘trunk’ of Powers’ narrative.
Like growth rings on a tree, the individual stories of each character accrue meaning and weight as they occur, in a series of vignettes interspersed across years of development. Each has a transformative encounter or relationship with a tree that compels them to act, in one way or another, on behalf of threatened trees and forests.
At the heart of the novel in 1989, Nick and a woman named Olivia-who has had a visionary near-death experience in which she is called to defend coastal redwoods-meet up and occupy a giant redwood called Mimas:
“From underneath, it could be Yggdrasil, the World Tree with its roots in the underworld and crown in the world above. Twenty-five feet aboveground, a secondary trunk springs out of the expanse of flank, a branch bigger than the Hoel Chestnut. Two more trunks flare out higher up the main shaft. The whole ensemble looks like some exercise in cladistics, the Evolutionary Tree of Life-one great idea splintering into whole new family branches, high up in the long run of time.”
They intend to spend two weeks occupying Mimas from a perch in its branches but end up falling in love and living there as the surrounding forest is clear cut. Their life in the tree is an almost fantastical interlude, where their traumas and wounds are healed and they fall into the rhythms of the arboreal world of the treetop. After over a year, they are eventually driven from the tree and it is brought down by the loggers.
The two become involved in activism and join up with several others characters in the western US who are introduced separately earlier in the novel. They are involved in a series of protests and eventually turn to clandestine raids on logging camps where they destroy equipment by means of arson. In a final raid, Olivia is accidentally killed though the other members of the group escape. They disband and the narrative arc bends as their stories branch away.
Over time, two members present at the fatal raid find they can’t outrun the consequences of their actions. Faced with the accelerating loss of forests, some characters succumb to despair, while others live on with a kind of quiet resolution. The novel ends on a hopeful note, though.
Nick the artist is now living close to the arctic tundra and is engaged in building an enormous, living monument from dead tree branches and trunks. He is offered help with his project by an indigenous man and his family. Their work, when it is complete will be visible from space and last for two centuries. An embodiment of the enduring and regenerative power of nature, their effort will spell the word ‘STILL.’
Annie Proulx’s epic tome Barkskins covers an even greater historical expanse and geographic range than The Overstory while tracing the limbs of two family trees upward from their roots in colonial French Canada. The eponymous ‘barkskins’ are Duquet and Sel, two indentured servants brought to the new world from France to work clearing the forests on the estate of Monsieur Trepagny. Duquet runs off into the wilderness at the first chance and eventually finds fortune and wealth as a fur trader in the Canadian wilderness. Rene Sel, on the other hand, works off the terms of his indenture and marries a Mi’kmaq woman with whom he has children who maintain ties with their ancestral forests.
Over the course of generations, Duquet’s progeny marry into upwardly mobile European settler families and eventually change their name to Duke. Through the years they move to Boston and other parts of the newly independent US and eventually build a business based on logging and timber. In the centuries leading up to the present, their business becomes a global empire that profits directly from the destruction of forests and depends on ever-greater economic and geographic expansion to maintain its growth. As far afield as New Zealand, their enterprise brings a colonialist mindset of extraction and exploitation to the great forests of the world and the peoples that depend on them for their livelihood.
The Sel children maintain ties with the indigenous community to which their mother Mari belonged, and they eventually return to it. All the while, they are driven from their lands by colonists eager to reduce their forests to fields for planting. The circumstances of their dispossession become more violent and extreme as the wilderness disappears at the hands of white settlers and the decades progress.
The indigenous communities and families of the Sel lineage are continually uprooted and forced by decree or circumstance from one land to the next, roaming as far afield as New England and the Canadian maritime provinces. Several generations of the Sel men find a living as lumberjacks and forest workers-’barkskins’ once again-doing the backbreaking and dangerous work of clearing the forest for the likes of the Dukes, with whom they at times cross paths.
While neither family lineage or its constituent members are reducible to the simple moral categories of good or evil, there is a sort of cold-blooded self interest to most members of the Duquet/Duke family. Tellingly, as the Duke family enterprise gains in prestige and wealth, the individual aspirations and destinies of many of its members are increasingly subsumed by the greater cause of the perpetuation of the corporate entity that bears their name. The Sels, on the other hand, though frequently living lives of privation, maintain family and tribal relations that ultimately see them through the worst times, even as their communities are broken up.
There are several occasions throughout the novel where the branches of the two family trees cross, or seem to. The novel eventually winds down with the a Duke descendant establishing through genealogical research that ancestors of Sel may be the rightful heirs to the Duke fortune, at which point the company is dissolved. But this novel also ends on a hopeful note, with two members of the Sel clan dedicating their lives to conservation and environmental restoration work. In the final pages of the book, one of the conservation workers affirms:
“It will take thousands of years for great ancient forests to return. None of us here will see the mature results of our work, but we must try, even if it is only one or two people with buckets of seedlings working to put forest pieces back together. It is terribly important to all of us workers-I can’t find the words to say how important-to help the earth regain its vital diversity of tree cover. And the forests will help us. They are old hands at restoring themselves.”
Fifteen years after that moment of epiphany in Yosemite, the world’s forests are under greater threat than ever. The catastrophic fires that are occurring with increasing frequency all over the world, due to climate breakdown or more direct human causes, bear no resemblance to the periodic burns brought on by truly ‘natural’ causes or the practices of indigenous land keepers, who keenly grasped the role of fire in forest ecosystems. We watch helplessly as more and more of the great forests of Amazonia, the arctic, the western United States and elsewhere go up in smoke each season.
Other non-human threats include diseases like the fungal dieback that is wreaking havoc on the ash trees of Europe just as the chestnut blight wiped out entire forests of the American chestnut 100 years ago. Once called the ‘redwoods of the east,’ and numbering in the billions, the American chestnut is now functionally extinct.
The bark beetle, a pest whose range and destructive capacity has been amplified by climate breakdown, continues to ravage pine forests all over North America. And even since I began writing this piece, fifteen giant sequoias have toppled in Yosemite, brought down by hundred-mile-per-hour winds. Whether this was due in full or in part to disease and the changing climate is unknown.
Of all the life-forms under threat from the forces of the Anthropocene, it is the plight of the trees and of the world’s great forests that troubles me the most. Trees for me, and likely you too, are the life-forms with which we have had long relationship, with which humanity and our human forebears have had deep and essential relationships from our very beginnings-and our fates are ultimately linked to the forests from which we emerged.
But it is encouraging and perhaps reason for hope to witness ongoing awakening in consciousness to the lives of trees and forests, as borne out by the popularity and interest in novels such as Barkskins and The Overstory. Other popular works, like Robert MacFarlane’s , offer wondrous glimpses into ‘unseen’ woody worlds.
Interest in ways for humans to connect more directly with trees on other levels also seems to be growing. Writing in the beautiful Emergence Magazine, Irish artist Katie Holten describes the tree alphabet she has developed to help us reconnect with trees, and David George Haskell, a biologist and author of The Songs of Trees, writes of his own remarkable experiences with tree scents.
There are many ways we can forge or deepen our relationships with the arboreal world that so urgently requires our attention. But as a forest voice in the prologue to The Overstory urges-”Listen. There’s something you need to hear.”
Originally published at https://thegyre.substack.com. | <urn:uuid:deb81941-0287-44ab-8e09-a9806ea78759> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mattmilesus.medium.com/for-the-trees-26921bbb135c?readmore=1&source=user_profile---------5---------------------------- | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.961882 | 3,479 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Originally published in Next City, March 12, 2015 In the Twin Cities in Minnesota, the local wastewater utility is spending $100 million a year — and plans to do so for the next 10 to 20 years — to replace 600 miles of aging sewer pipes. In one neighborhood a sinkhole that opened last […]
(Click this to hit up Washingtonpost.com for the full version.)
Because wind power is generated only when the wind blows, and solar energy isn’t collected on a cloudy day, technologies that can store extra power when it’s not being used and mete it out when needed are becoming increasingly important.
Since June 2010 six men—three Russians, two Europeans, and one Chinese—have been living in isolation in a 19,423-cubic-foot (550-cubic-meter) “spaceship” outside Moscow, doing maintenance work, conducting experiments, and trying to stave off boredom by playing Rock Band and reading the complete works of Gabriel García Márquez.
Within the past 20 years abundances of the bee species Bombus occidentalis, B. affinis, B. pensylvanicus, and B. terricola have plummeted by up to 96 percent.
The finding is based on a new analysis of more than 73,000 museum collections of bumblebees, which showed where bees had been found over the last century, as well as collections of wild bees across the United States. The study looked at 8 of the 50 known bumblebee species in North America.
A guinea-pig-like mammal’s prehistoric urine may be one of the best tools for understanding climate change in arid regions, scientists announced Tuesday. Already, analysis of crystallized rock hyrax pee appears to contradict some results of current climate models.
In Sacramento, they pick figs, kumquats, and plums from public trees. In New York, they harvest purslane–an edible flower–from the cracks in the sidewalk. Down south, it’s fiddlehead ferns, and just about everywhere, people are picking black walnuts, wild mushrooms, and dandelion greens.
Urban foraging–gathering fruit, vegetables, and other useful things from parks, lawns, and sidewalks–isn’t a new thing. But as more urbanites become aware of the free bounty surrounding them, new issues are–pardon the pun–cropping up. When a public park’s berry patch is raided, whose responsibility is it to make sure there are some left for everyone to enjoy? What about pesticides?
Not too long ago, if you wanted to know what type of seafood was best for the environment, your tools didn’t get any more high-tech than a wallet card or a fridge magnet. But the fridge magnet doesn’t help much when you’re at the grocery store, and wallet cards are easy to leave behind (just […]
from National Geographic’s Green Guide If you live in a city, you might have a window box or a pot of tomatoes on your balcony. You might even be lucky enough to have a small backyard garden. But do you compost? Probably not: composting in a small space is tough, not to mention smelly. You […]
Amid efforts to cap the seafloor leak, cleanup workers have been using boat-based skimmers to pick up the oil, booms to gather the slick for burning, and chemical dispersants to break the crude into smaller droplets—all parts of the oil-fighting toolkit for decades. Soon, though, tech of the future could be cleaning up spills like this one. | <urn:uuid:b3c4ebf2-3203-4e6c-966d-2431fe509e0d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.readwriterachel.com/category/featured/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.927361 | 771 | 1.976563 | 2 |
Discover just what a continuing company line of credit is, what sort of company lines of credit can be obtained as soon as you need to use each choice.
What exactly is a relative credit line?
a personal credit line is just a method for organizations and people to borrow the funds they must buy things and settle payments or any other costs, such as for example employee salaries. The personal credit line on a small business charge card can be used as also a cash loan.
All credit lines have restriction set by the lender, credit union or other entity that is financial provides them. More | <urn:uuid:d3fed8ab-69ad-497a-879e-7984c9102aef> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://shegerwater.com/category/payday-loans-chicago/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.979596 | 118 | 1.960938 | 2 |
Geneva [Switzerland], Mar 5 (Sputnik/ANI): The outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) could inflict a USD 50 billion damage to international trade, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) said on Wednesday (local time), citing its recent estimates of the situation.
"The slowdown of manufacturing in China due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak is disrupting world trade and could result in a USD 50 billion decrease in exports across global value chains, according to estimates published by UNCTAD on March 4," UNCTAD said in a statement.
It noted the drastic decrease in Chinese manufacturing due to the outbreak.
"In February, the country's manufacturing Purchasing Manager's Index (PMI) - a critical production index - fell by about 22 points to 37.5, the lowest reading since 2004. Such a drop in output implies a 2 per cent reduction in exports on an annual basis," UNCTAD outlined.
According to the tables included in the report, the top three economies said to be most affected by China's manufacturing slowdown include the European Union (USD 15.5 billion), the United States (USD 5.7 billion), and Japan (USD 5.1 billion), with Russia losing USD 149 million. (Sputnik/ANI) | <urn:uuid:1638fd15-68aa-493a-a373-920a413a7f4d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://aninews.in/news/world/europe/coronavirus-outbreak-could-lead-to-usd-50-bn-trade-losses-unctad20200305023723/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.924274 | 274 | 1.84375 | 2 |
DescriptionTest your flash gaming power - The essential test for every flash gamer!
Internet Explorer vs Firefox, or your friend's computer vs yours.
This will test how your computer and it's current settings can run flash games.
Try it out and come up with your own conclusions!
Many factors can influence your performance:
- Flash player version
- Your hardware
- The site you play on
InstructionsKeep your cursor in the flash movie's area. If it leaves it, the test will be cancelled.
Keep this browser window focused (don't minimize or deselect).
Be patient, it only takes 2 to 5 minutes :)
You need to have an average of 25 or more frames per second to pass each test.
*For best results, close any application that could slow down your computer.
*The test must be run from a webpage at browser zoom setting of 100% and the size of the flash must be 640x480, or it will be invalid. | <urn:uuid:3df89d56-3eed-41e8-bc5e-0e9a7a8b6fd1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.gamesguard.com/game.php?id=8910 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.84934 | 219 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Antibiotic stewardship programs have traditionally focused on reducing hospital antibiotic use. However, reducing community antibiotic prescribing could have substantial impacts in both hospital and community settings. We developed a deterministic model of transmission of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in both the community and hospitals. We fit the model to existing, national-level antibiotic use and resistance prevalence data from Sweden. Across a range of conditions, a given relative change in antibiotic use in the community had a greater impact on resistance prevalence in both the community and hospitals than an equivalent relative change in hospital use. However, on a per prescription basis, changes in antibiotic use in hospitals had the greatest impact. The magnitude of changes in prevalence were modest, even with large changes in antimicrobial use. These data support the expansion of stewardship programs/interventions beyond the walls of hospitals, but also suggest that such efforts would benefit hospitals themselves.
Keywords: antibiotic resistance; antibiotic stewardship; dynamic modeling; transmission.
© The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: email@example.com. | <urn:uuid:e8422a5a-a627-4eb5-9eb3-c8d784c06c06> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30462185/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.917143 | 247 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Menonite church at Orayvi established in the late 1800s
AD, once stood as a way to convert Hopis to another religion.
Photo by: Carl Onsae
On June 13, 2000, Bishop Donald E. Pelotte, Bishop of the Diocese
of Gallup, NM of the Catholic Church delivered an apology from the
Pope to Hopi religious leaders and cultural advisors in the chambers
of the Hopi Tribal Council in Kykotsmovi. The Popes apology
sought forgiveness for the abuses Franciscan missionaries had inficted
on Hopi people during the mission period (1629-1680)---abuses documented
in Moquis and Kastiilam: Hopis, Spaniards, and the Trauma of History,
a collaborative project between The Hopi Tribe and the University
of Arizona. Those abuses included the forced labor of Hopi men,
the suppression of Hopi religion, and, worst of all, the rape of
Hopi religious leaders and cultural advisors sat silently as the
bishop addressed them. There was awkward silence that fell upon
the gathering when the bishop concluded his apology. Then one of
the Hopi men stood up and addressed the bishop. Apology not
accepted. I dont accept your apology, he stated. Several
men rose and expressed similar statements, adding that the historical
trauma inficted by the Spanish on the Hopi people during the mission
period still haunted Hopi lives today. One by one, Hopi religious
and political leaders added reasons why they could not accept the
apology. Besides, if there was ever going to be a full reconciliation,
then the Pope himself should deliver the apology. Hopi also stated
that if the men of the Church were serious about correcting past
wrongs, then it should look into Hopi treaty rights, specifcally
land and water rights guaranteed by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo,
which are now at the heart of the concerns facing the Hopi people.
The bishop agreed to take their messages to the Pope and look into
the request for help. The Hopi Tribe has not heard anything from
the bishop or the Church since then.
Having witnessed this event, I asked myself, What if the
Pueblo Revolt of 1680 was not successful? What if the Hopi people
werent able to drive the Spaniards out of their villages and
their homelands? What if the Hopi practiced Catholicism instead
of the Hopi way of life? By asking myself these questions,
I slowly realized the signifcance of the Pueblo Revolt in the history
of the Hopi people. Unlike other Pueblo people, we dont have
Catholic churches in our communities or Hispanic last names. We
have been free to practice our religion and our customs since 1680.
We were never reconquered.
Another question that I asked myself is about the behavior of my
own people. Have the Hopi people taken for granted what our ancestors
fought and died for, the abuses they endured, the sacrifces they
have made and losses they suffered? In my time with the Hopi Cultural
Preservation Offce, I have witnessed changes in the behaviors of
the Hopi people, including my own. We act like we are entitled.
We behave differently at our own Katsina ceremonies. We fght amongst
ourselves instead of being unifed as a people. Moreover, the most
offensive part of all of this is that we put it on YouTube and other
social media outlets for the world to see. We need to protect and
safeguard what we have so that our way of life will endure in our
hearts, mind, and spirit.
In 1629, the Spaniards transformed the Hopi way of life by inaugurating
the Mission system in the three major Hopi villages of Awatovi,
Songòopavi, and Orayvi. Everything about the mission system
was an assault on the Hopi people. Hopi men were forced to carry
beams to build mission churches from Nuvatukyaovi. Some missionaries
sent husbands away to gather water from distant springs so they
could rape their wives or take advantage of their daughters. No
wonder the Hopi term for missionaries is Totatsim, a tyrant,
dictator, or demanding person interested only in personal gain.
The Hopis also viewed the Spaniards as Nanaönt
or Naöna, lazy.
The key to survival is accomplished through hard work, yet both
missionaries and encomenderos (those who eld grants of encomiendas,
the labor system) had the right to extract tribute---2.6 bushels
of corn and one cotton manta each year---from Hopi households, even
during drought years when Hopis barely produced enough food to feed
themselves. They also had to work for up to three days a week tending
to mission felds and mission herds of sheep and cattle. Do you know
how much water is needed to successfully cultivate cotton? Hopis
were punished severely if they failed to meet those demands.
As the drought worsened because Hopis could not perform their ceremonies,
Hopi men would sneak away from the villages to rehearse songs, ceremonies,
and religious practices so they would not be lost and forgotten.
And after one Hopi man from Orayvi named Sitkoyma sponsored a Niman
ceremony in the Katsina Buttes, the missionary discovered his idolatry,
whipped him in the plaza, and poured scalding turpentine on his
wounds. After Sitkoymas brutal murder, Hopis began to discuss
whether they needed to take stronger action. They met with other
Pueblo people and fnally decided that the only way to preserve the
Hopi way of life was to kill the missionaries and other Spaniards.
Every Hopi person knows that it takes hard work to survive, incorporating
the teachings of life and reciprocity we were given long ago. Survival
requires a lifelong commitment that involves faith, prayer, humility
and hard work. Our ancestors endured a lot for us to be where we
are today, to carry on our way of life as we have been taught by
them through the generations, and the right to be called Hopisinom.
Tomorrow when you wake, pray and greet the Sun, ask Taawa to deliver
a message to our ancestors, a message of Askwalí/Kwakwhá
to those who had the courage to stand up to the Totatsim,
who fought for and protected our unique way of life for each of
us as Hopisinom today. Let us not take our Hopi way of life for
granted. Continue to live in faith, prayer, humility and hard work
the best we can each day so that our children and future generations
will learn and receive it just as we received it from our ancestors.
Stewart B. Koyiyumptewa, Interim Manager
Hopi Cultural Preservation Offce
Hopi Tutuveni Re-publishes Guest
Romalita Laban, Managing Editor - Hopi Tutuveni
Kykotsmovi, Ariz. August 10, 2021 and
while reading the Guest Editorial - "Apology Not Accepted -
Hopi Religion, a Religion That Was Never Conquered" by Stewart
B. Koyiyumptewa published in Hopi Tutuveni Volume 26 Number 12 published
Tuesday, August 7, 2018 which follows, is still very relevant on
this Pueblo Revolt Day 2021.
It came to mind that the term "Totatsim
- a tyrant, dictator, or demanding person interested only in personal
gain" referenced by Koyiyumptewa back in 2018, has also been
used recently by some Hopi Tribal Councilmen during 2020-2021 Council
Sessions. In the sessions Councilmen used the term in comparing
and describing behaviors they have been observing of some administrators
during the Hopi Tribal Government Shutdown. The Shutdown has been
a response and result of the current world wide pandemic while humanity
has been "fghting a foreign enemy of sorts" - the Corona
Interesting comparisons which infuenced a decision
to share the editorial once again and be reminded of the closing
remarks by Stewart at the end of the article. | <urn:uuid:22600475-8b96-426b-9c40-2392da14b149> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.cankuota.org/Issues21/CO0921/CO_0921_ApologyNotAccepted.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.94456 | 1,815 | 3.09375 | 3 |
Looking for things to do in Toledo, OH? If you want to get out of the house and find fun things to do, check out this list of things to do in Toldeo.
Things to Do in Toledo, OH
It seems lately, I am the go to person when my friends are traveling and they want to know what they can do in the area. That’s because whether you live in an area or you are traveling there, You need to know what there is to do. I keep lists of things to do in places all over the country. Today’s is of things to do in Toledo, sponsored by Charlies Dodge.
The Toledo Museum of Art was founded in 1901 and has a global reputation for its collections, its education program, and the beautiful architecturally significant campus. Located in the Old West End neighborhood this museum houses more than 30,000 objects. It is free to the public thanks to the support of its members.
Located in Toledo, the Zoo and Aquarium is a member of the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums and is accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums. It also takes part in the species survival program. With over 10,000 animals, the zoo has 720 different species for you to see. The efforts of the zoo extend past the zoo itself with conservation programs. Visit the zoo, explore and see the animals and check out the behind the scenes tours available.
The National Museum of the Great Lakes is located in a heritage location on the banks of the Maumee River on the east side of Toledo. The Great Lakes isn’t just the most important natural resource in the world, the lakes offer a lot of history as well. The museum tells the story of the Great Lakes with over 300 artifacts, audiovisual displays, and 40 hands-on interactive exhibits. With stories from the 1600s and the fur traders, to the Underground Railroad in the 1800s to the rum runners of the 1900, to sailors on 1000 foot sailboats today, it shows just how important the Great Lakes are.
Wildwood Preserve Metropark is a 493 acre park that is surrounded by natural habitat with the Manor house in the center. Once the former estate of the Stranahan family. The Manor House has played an important role in Toledo and the park district’s history.
The beautiful Toledo Botanical Garden is a 50 acre garden that is part of the Metroparks of Toledo Area. With several areas in the garden, this attraction offers events, concerts, art exhibitions, sculptures, fountains and a children’s garden.
Located in Maumee, just outside of Toledo, this regional park features Bluegrass Island that is a refuge for fishermen. The spring run is well known for the walleye that swim upriver to spawn. It is the largest of its kind on the Great Lakes.
On the scenic Maumee River, this is the go-to for world-class casino gaming, local and national entertainment that has outstanding dining. With 2,000 of the hottest slots, table games, and live poker room. With 5 restaurants, this a night out of fun.
Perfect for Children of all ages, the Imagination Station has over 300 fun exhibits that feature hands on educational fun for the whole family. Whether you only have an hour or you have all day, there is plenty to see and do at Imagination Station. Located on the Maumee Riverfront, Imagination Station opened in 1997.
Teeming with wildlife, Maumee Bay state park has scenic meadows, wet woods, and lush marshes that give visitors a balance of recreational facilities that bring together lodges, cottages and golf courses nestled in. With the coastal environment as well, there is a nice balance of recreational facilities with a natural feel. | <urn:uuid:6d7ed32b-310b-41e8-92f5-69b02afdffa8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://eatsleeptravelrepeat.com/things-to-do-in-toledo-oh/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.952586 | 795 | 1.609375 | 2 |
The Democracy, Conflict, and Polarization research area addresses the challenge of polarization across partisan or identity-based lines, including both increased affective polarization and polarization in perceptions on core issues like the economy, public safety, inequality, and climate change. This research area builds on work by many members of the EGAP network who have studied polarization and its consequences for democratic backsliding, mistrust in public institutions, and poor government response to crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Focusing on citizens who differ in partisanship, identity, or policy preferences, potential topics include:
- Strategies for productive public deliberation and problem solving for public policy;
- Strategies to reduce partisan animosity and dehumanization in politics;
- Strategies to counter hateful rhetoric in political campaigns;
- Strategies to reduce the spread or belief in misinformation. | <urn:uuid:5e0f20ad-57a4-4a81-9610-aeb899f2004e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://egap.org/our-work/priority-themes/polarization-democracy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.929117 | 168 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Inca Trail to Machu Picchu – Top tips
Essential things to know before hiking the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu
No other walking route in the world can compare with the Inca Trail in Peru, with its varied geography and scenery, and the sheer number of archaeological sites along the trail. Below, our Peru travel experts offer their advice for walking the Inca Trail:
When is the best time of year to book the Inca Trail? The dry season runs from May to September or October, when you can enjoy good weather and fully appreciate the fabulous scenery that surrounds the trail. During the rainy season, rains are heaviest in January and February. Each year, the Inca Trail is closed in February for maintenance.
How far in advance should I book the Inca Trail tour? If you are planning to trek the Inca Trail in June or July, you should reserve your place at least twelve months before. The Inca Trail is incredibly popular, and the limited number of tickets available are sold out months in advance. For other times of the year, try to book at least six months before you plan to travel to Peru.
What is the level of difficulty of the Inca Trail? Hiking the Inca Trail involves loss and gain in elevation. The highest part of the Inca Trail lies at 4200 meters (13,775 feet) above sea level. In addition to being prepared for the altitude, you should expect changing weather conditions; however, every year families with children and older travelers enjoy the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu. With good preparation, almost anyone can do this trek.
What do I need to take on the Inca Trail? The maximum weight that travelers are allowed to carry during the Inca Trail is 8 kilograms (17.60 pounds). Your other gear and all camping equipment and supplies will be carried by porters. Check with your Inca Trail operator for a full packing list.
What kind of footwear should I use on the Inca Trail? Footwear is the most important thing to consider when you are preparing for your Inca Trail adventure. Make sure you choose a good quality pair of hiking boots that fit well. And, most importantly, be sure to use your boots before you hike the Inca Trail. Don’t wear brand new boots to hike to Machu Picchu!
Can I do the Inca Trail on my own? Since 2000, the Peruvian authorities have limited the number of people allowed to hike the Inca Trail, as a way of protecting the trail and the surrounding Machu Picchu Historical Sanctuary. One of the ways of protecting the route is the regulation requiring everyone to do the Inca Trail with an official Inca Trail operator.
Is the Inca Trail dangerous? The Inca Trail is well signposted and guides are responsible for the care of walkers. But of course, when hiking in wilderness areas there is always the possibility of an accident. To ensure you enjoy the trek, you should follow the advice provided by your Cusco tour operator, make sure you start the hike in good physical condition, and be acclimated before you start. | <urn:uuid:be0d8ea4-b221-4970-9d56-d09aa672e9c6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.andeanadventuresperu.com/en/blog/inca-trail-to-machu-picchu-top-tips/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.952256 | 643 | 1.679688 | 2 |
Summer Youth Enrichment
Architecture Design Studio (Enterining Grades 9-12)
July 16-19, 2018
The camp will run daily Monday through Thursday from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. Tuition is $249.00 per week.
The architecture workshop will be held from July 16-19 in the Rowley Center for Science and Engineering on the College's Middletown campus.
Parents may register their children online below or by contacting the Office of Continuing & Professional Education at (845) 341-4890.
This workshop will introduce students to architecture and design. Students will learn about the design process by creating their own architectural drawings and models and then develop digital renderings of their design using Google Sketch-Up and Photoshop. Throughout the week you will visit architectural offices and architecturally significant buildings on campus to provide inspiration and new ideas. The best part? At week's end we'll hold an exhibition of your architectural designs on campus!
Contact Pam Rice (email@example.com), Professor of Architecture, for more information! | <urn:uuid:f6fdc861-0cb8-4867-bdda-e127e54e75e1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sunyorange.edu/scienceandeng/arch_camps.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.914582 | 251 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Life Empowerment Seminar
Charting a path to a bright future
An important part of the Camp To Belong camp experience is Life Empowerment Seminar. Life Seminar is specifically designed to help campers 14-18 learn about some of the many possibilities for their future and help them take some of their first steps toward it. For many of these young people, Life Seminar provides the first realization that fulfilling their dreams for the future is not only possible, but also that support is available.
Speakers from universities, trade schools, the military and the community highlight the program. Also featured are successful former youth in care, who tell inspirational stories of how they overcame obstacles to realize their potential. At Life Seminar, teens also learn about scholarship and grant programs for youth in care, and they receive advice for obtaining financial aid to pursue higher education, whether it is in a college, community college or trade school. Campers also take an aptitude test to determine which careers best match their aptitudes and interests.
An important feature of Life Seminar is the underlying message of hope and empowerment it carries: “Foster care does not define who you are and is only temporary. You get to write the rest of your life story.”
The emphasis is on the underlying strength and resilience of young people who already have weathered so many storms. As Camp To Belong Founder Lynn Price likes to remind them, "They are victors, not victims." | <urn:uuid:8a63afd7-360d-48d3-a788-4a739b50f8e9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sibling-strong.org/life-seminar | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.958969 | 300 | 1.984375 | 2 |
The Guardian‘s Frances Ryan took the opportunity to examine the Department’s treatment of Paul Donnachie, whose body was found on January 15 by bailiffs trying to evict him after a series of errors by the DWP and Glasgow City Council.
He had committed suicide around two months previously and nobody had noticed.
That, in itself, raises an issue. The DWP (reluctantly) publishes information on benefit-related deaths – but Mr Donnachie’s is unlikely ever to be included in it because his would have fallen outside the narrow period in which the Department records deaths of claimants who have been kicked off their benefit.
And then there is the Department’s vile attitude to suicide itself…
When I speak to the DWP about Paul’s case, a spokesman says, “Suicide is a tragic and complex issue, so to link a death to someone’s benefit claim is misleading. We are fully committed to ensuring that people who are too sick to work get the support they need.
“If someone with a mental health condition fails to attend an assessment, we consider whether they have good cause for not attending and if so benefit may continue. If a claimant is considered vulnerable attempts will be made to contact them by telephone and, if appropriate, to arrange a ‘safeguarding home visit’ before a decision on entitlement is made.”
It took me several days to wade through Paul’s dealings with his local council and the DWP – formal letters, forms and phone calls – and I wasn’t hungry, afraid, or dealing with a severe mental health problem at the time. It seems a mix of incompetence and cruelty to be surprised when someone struggling with mental illness is unable to do as this system wants them to – to expect resilience from the very people least able to cope.
It has been estimated, in research hotly contested by the DWP, that “fit for work” tests may have resulted in 590 extra suicides.
It’s dehumanisation in its bleakest form to turn a blind eye to that – to believe bad things will inevitably happen to a certain rung of society or that this is just what comes with “welfare reform”.
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The first collection, Strong Words and Hard Times,
is still available in either print or eBook format here: | <urn:uuid:6a994eaa-99f1-44c2-87a1-3030ab65d037> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://voxpoliticalonline.com/2016/03/05/dwp-policy-is-homicidal-or-it-is-half-witted-which-is-it/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.965947 | 615 | 1.609375 | 2 |
The formation of stone in the urinary system, i.e., in the kidney, urethra, or the urinary bladder is called urolithiasis. It refers to the accretion of hard, solid and nonmetallic minerals in the urinary tract. Urolithiasis is one of the major diseases of the urinary tract and is a major source of morbidity. Stone formation is also one of the most painful urologic disorders that occur in approximately 12% of the global population. Its re-occurrence rate in males is 70%-81% and 47%-60% in females. It is a highly prevalent clinical problem which has affected a large percentage of people across India in the past few years.
In our Kashmir, urolithiasis has become a common disorder and is increasing drastically in the past few years. It can affect all ages but here in Kashmir it is now seen mostly in the younger generation. According to the findings of Dr Sheikh Mohd Salem, et al, of Government Medical College Srinagar, urolithiasis in Kashmir division is a common urological problem and is growing by the day. The primary causes that seem to be responsible are Dietary habits, environmental factors, lifestyle, and genetic factors. According to urology specialists at SKIMS Soura, ten years ago they were seeing very few percent of renal stone in a week but now their number has increased three-fold.
High intake of salts, high protein diet, low intake of fluids, sedentary lifestyle, etc, are some reasons responsible for renal stone formation. Kashmir valley is a very cold place which receives heavy snow and rain round the year. People working in offices and students in educational institutions do not prefer to take much fluids and avoid frequent urination during busy hours in cold winters, due to which urine becomes super saturated with calcium, uric acid, and oxalates, which result in formation of renal stones. In the initial phase these substances form crystals which are anchored in the kidney. Due to high salt intake through our Kashmiri Nun Chai and salty meals, there is further deposition of substances and eventually a kidney stone is formed.
Stones can either pass through the urinary passage and be extruded in the urine or lie asymptomatically in the kidney. It is when they get obstructed in any part of the kidney or urinary tract that symptoms develop.
Symptomatic renal stones occur with pain (colic) in the flanks or lower abdomen and may radiate to the groin. Blood in the urine or urinary tract infection can also occur. It is a commonly ignored malady which in the long run becomes a major cause of renal failure. I have myself seen a lot of young patients who were diagnosed with renal stones but due to careless attitude they developed chronic renal failure or other urinary disorders. Here are some precautions one could take to prevent stone formation and their recurrence:
Keep well hydrated
For the prevention of stone formation, one is advised to drink plenty of fluids. The aim is to increase the amount of urine that flows through the kidneys and to lower the concentration of substances that promote stone formation. People have always known water to prevent kidney diseases, which studies have also confirmed. But how much water should a healthy person take? The most recent official recommendation by the European Food Safety Authority in 2010 for male adults is to drink minimum of 2 litres per day, and a little less for female adults – 1.6 litres per day. This is for a moderate climate and with moderate level of physical activity. Drinking three to four liters of water a day helps dissolve urine salts that can otherwise lead to stones.
Reduce salt intake
Less than 4 gm of common salt (about 1 teaspoon) in the entire day is what one should aim at if suffering from high blood pressure or kidney disease. But a typical Kashmiri diet consists of 6-12 gm salt in a day. Then there are indirect sources of salt which we are unaware of, e.g., chips, pickles, chutneys, ketchups and sauces. Easier said than done, many people have difficulty in reducing salt intake. Here are some tips. Try and limit the amount of processed food as natural sources of sodium are not that concentrated as compared to sodium in processed foods. The best ones are: cumin (zeera), chili, black pepper, cinnamon, ginger, garlic and onion powder. Spice blends like garam masala are nice, too. There are choose-the-lesser-evil options in the market as well. Black/rock salt (Pakistani noon) has lesser amount of sodium than white salt. Lona (available in market) has low sodium but can increase potassium level in blood in patients with kidney disease (which can be dangerous). Various dietary modifications are advised in the form of cutting back on the consumption of meat, avoidance of caffeinated drinks, foods that contain fructose corn syrup (e.g., frozen junk foods, candy bars, soda) and avoidance of certain foods rich in oxalate or uric acid. In a nutshell, both healthy people as well as those with some underlying conditions are highly susceptible and should be aware about said diseases and its prevention measures for healthy and happy life.
Processed foods, canned goods and cold nuts must be reduced. Meat consumption is alright but only in moderation. Too much of animal protein may increase uric acid level and cause renal stones. If typical symptoms begin to show, it is advisable to seek medical advice (and treatment, if required) at the earliest.
The writer is a student at School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir. [email protected] | <urn:uuid:c8885ab4-249b-445f-8cd6-af5aa7f942e0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kashmirreader.com/2021/01/12/rise-of-urolithiasis-stone-in-urinary-system-in-kashmir/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.964058 | 1,149 | 3.484375 | 3 |
The bible is clear that it is “by grace we have been saved through faith.” So, clearly faith alone saves us so we qualify for heaven, period.
So, is it a valid question to ask, ‘if all believers enter heaven?’ I have never really questioned that until yesterday when the Holy Spirit showed something deeper on God’s heart from Matthew chapter 25.
And we do well to pay attention as it would be a rude shock to be like a man who thinks he is on a plane bound for Sydney when in fact it is bound for Melbourne. In other words, how can we make our entrance to heaven a certainty?
Not all the virgins entered heaven
Matthew chapter 25, three parables speak of what Christ meant to be ready for his second coming. These all follow decisively after Matthew chapter 24 where Jesus says the end times will become increasingly tumultuous and exhorts all believers to endure in faith and be ready for his second coming.
In the parable of the ten virgins, all believed in God, and all were waiting for the bride groom and entry into heaven. However, five were described as wise and five foolish.
The wise ones paid the price for fresh oil to keep their lamps burning in readiness for the groom. The foolish ones sought to rely on others who purchased their own oil.
The door was shut on the ones who did not get oil and they cried out “Lord, Lord, open the door for us.” Jesus replied “I don’t know you”. Surely, they had some faith to call out “Lord, let us in”, but what was lacking in their faith that prevented them from entering heaven?
Not all the servants entrusted talents entered heaven
Again, the parable of the talents in Matthew chapter 25, verses 14 to 30 show in contrast to the two servants who invested their talents, that one of the servants, entrusted with a talent chose to bury it. He had faith to receive a talent, but what was lacking in his faith that saw him thrown into darkness, clearly not entering heaven like the others?
Not all the sheep remained sheep and entered heaven
In the final parable of Matthew chapter 25, Jesus separates sheep and goats. Some understood compassion and social justice while others did not.
Again. what was lacking in the faith of those who were called goats and were told to “Depart from me, you who are cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels,” clearly not entering heaven.
What was lacking in their faith in each case?
We learn from the virgins that we are to get fresh oil as believers. Oil speaks of the Holy Spirit and God’s anointing. It is an active faith!
For example, in Acts 2 the believers were filled with the spirit and shone brightly and once again they were filled in Acts 4. There were fresh phases and seasons of ministry requiring a fresh anointing and empowering. We need to always be seeking God and know our season. As we trim our wicks and repent of sin we also grow with fresh encounters of the spirit and are known of God.
The talent bearers were required to be using their talents for Jesus. The man who buried his talent didn’t trust that God was good, choosing to believe a lie, and instead became lazy and indulgent, justifying his inactivity.
Jesus promises to him who has he shall be given more. Is our faith growing? Are we growing? Is our industry multiplying; Jesus promises a harvest of 30, 60 and 100- fold. Are we believing for 100-fold?
Finally, all the sheep did good unto others while the goats were self-centred and selfish. All forms of social justice and compassion on others must come from faith in Christ. When we do it unto the least, we do it unto Christ. In other words, it’s not about good works and just ‘giving back to community’ per se.
Christ will return in glory to judge all mankind
Interestingly, both sheep and goats were unaware of the significance of blessing the least. I felt God inspire me to write this article because he wants to awaken us to a living, dynamic faith with grit.
Only this kind of faith secures entry to heaven to be with God for eternity, and it is a faith that is oriented to bless others, as unto Christ. So, indeed all are saved by faith. However, it is not just a mental assent kind of faith but comes from the heart with vigour, from a response to God’s grace in repentance. It is the vibrant ‘amazing grace’ kind of faith, we must aspire to, that we see in the old hymn.
What must I do Lord?
God recently told me to bless a person in a least-mode season in their life. This person I don’t know very well, though I can see they have made some errors of judgement that have proven to be very costly, but I know deep down they love God.
I am looking forward to sending some money and a painting to encourage them.
Jesus said for us all, “When you did it unto the least of these, you did it unto me.”
Paul said, “What must I do Lord?”
Who is God speaking to you about?
Great rewards await us on the day of Christ’s return as we avail ourselves to God’s calling and continue to walk by faith.
Mark Rusic was born in Melbourne and has a bachelor in Mechanical engineering. He became a missionary to many suffering hardship and poverty on Madura Island in Indonesia, for about 4 years, from 1990. He has worked as a pastor-life coach over the past 17 years in Hope International Ministries. Mark is also an artist and author and has also written two books which are a collection of his own paintings, photography and poetry. These include ‘Iconic Melbourne of Australia’ and ‘Iconic Animals of Australia with a voice to release your giant potential within.’ He has been counted among some of Australia’s best-selling authors since 2014 and is a public speaker in various community groups, organisations and churches. He has a special grace to help people find and release why they were born. See iconiccolours.com for more information about Mark’s services. | <urn:uuid:d3b1a671-348d-484f-ae45-ce49477558e0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.christiantoday.com.au/news/do-all-believers-enter-heaven.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.976101 | 1,329 | 1.773438 | 2 |
In January 2021, we launched the Racial Inclusion Group with the aim of better understanding the lived and professional experiences of our Black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) members and future members. The group achieved this through various research methods, and its findings and recommendations were published in January 2022.
Led by convener and solicitor Tatora Mukushi, the Racial Inclusion Group’s work included the following activities:
- reviewing the main Scottish data sources on inclusion in the profession, including the Profiles of the Profession and diversity data collected at PC renewal, and undertaking a comprehensive literature review of other sources that provided insight into how to improve racial inclusion in the profession.
- conducting research with BAME law students, trainees and solicitors through an online survey and one-to-one interviews.
- speaking to other stakeholders in the justice sector, such as law firms, in-house teams and universities, on best practice, challenges and how to overcome these.
If you would like to know more about this or any of our equality and diversity research, please contact firstname.lastname@example.org.
- The trend of increased diversity entering the profession continues and is positive, but this is not reflected across all minority ethnic groups and an increased pace is required. Access to minority role models, mentoring networks and funding opportunities are key issues that need addressed in order to achieve more diversity throughout the profession.
- The lack of visible ethnic minority role models within the legal sector not only deters new ethnic minority entrants to the profession, but places an undue pressure and burden on existing ethnic minority members to act as mentors and representatives in addition to their legal careers.
- Employers want diverse talent, but struggle to attract it, with a gap between the number of ethnic minority law students and those applying successfully to the largest employers of trainees in Scotland, which collectively train a significant percentage of trainee solicitors. Initiatives, such as using contextualised recruitment and blind recruitment, have been shown to have a positive effect.
- A survey of members’ personal experiences was completed by around 25% of practising ethnic minority members. It showed that more than 60% of all respondents have experienced bias, racism or discrimination at some point on their route to qualification or during their careers. Of those that have experienced some form of bias, more than three-quarters said it was within the last two years, from overt acts, such as something someone said or did, to omissions, such as inconsiderate practices.
- Building a culture within the profession where everyone can thrive requires action from members, employers and stakeholders. The intersection between ethnicity bias and other biases (such as gender, sexual orientation, age etc) cannot be ignored. Failing at inclusion results in ethnic minority lawyers being placed under a pressure their white counterparts do not face. Employers that take steps towards inclusion in how they treat their staff, ensuring fairness in recruitment, pay, progression, and work allocation, celebrating a wide range of cultural events, and openly acknowledging contemporary racism and confronting it, will see clear beneficial outcomes.
- Discussions around ethnicity targets should be encouraged to ensure that proportionate action is being taken to meet a legitimate aim and that it does not lead to personal or professional victimisation. Increasingly, large businesses are influencing the issue by setting targets for legal service providers.
The report includes 60 recommendations to help address the challenges reported and further inclusion within the Scottish legal profession.
The Law Society’s response to the Racial Inclusion Group's report includes 24 action points to take forward to help address the challenges of inclusion. These cover six broad themes:
- Inspiring the next generation of ethnic minority solicitors.
- Using our data, and the insight of our members, to promote change across the profession and sector.
- Continuing to listen to our ethnic minority members and future members.
- Leading the profession to adopt inclusive recruitment and employment practices.
- Collaborating with justice sector partners to improve equality in the profession.
- Ensuring that we are and continue to be an inclusive professional body. | <urn:uuid:7e44edc3-5dbc-405a-a2c0-b3b73ccb7654> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.lawscot.org.uk/research-and-policy/equality-and-diversity/racial-inclusion-in-the-scottish-legal-profession/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.952612 | 833 | 1.65625 | 2 |
I remember when I first discovered him. I was hooked as soon as I heard the deep bass, the background harmonies, his voice, and the lyrical flow. I wondered why I’d never listened to Ed Sheeran before. His song Don’t will forever be known as the song that made me fall in love with him.
I felt special. I loved being in love with his music, and I felt a connection with every song he wrote.
But soon after, I began to feel the need to justify my affection. I memorised all his music, fearing being judged by someone who could list all of his songs and shared videos of myself fangirling to justify that I was a committed Sheerio. I would also feel guilty for not being signed up to his mailing list and feeling threatened by a friend when she claimed she was also an Ed Sheeran fan.
This strange pressure to be the perfect fan that I had been experiencing raised a question: why does it happen? Why are some people susceptible to feeling such strain that borders obsession? Well, who better to ask someone who knows how the human brain works.
“I think it’s about the sense that you feel better connected to that person than anybody else does,” says Dr Lynda Parnham, a clinical psychologist of the Wiltshire Psychology Service. “Should that person meet you, you would be the person that knows everything.”
Dr Parnham has spent the last fourteen years helping patients with post-traumatic stress, depression, anxiety and eating disorders while also helping to boost their self-confidence and self-esteem. But the psychologist was more than happy to explain the mindset behind the pressures of being the perfect fan and why many become so besotted and potentially obsessive. “It’s like you’re their best friend, even though it’s a one-sided thing,” she says. “It’s that sort of feeling that you then are the closest, you’ve got the top trump, you’re the nearest to being the best friend than anybody else is.”
When someone does not know everything about their “best friend”, the psychologist explains why a fan might feel guilty. “It’s the idea that somebody else knows them a little bit better than you do,” she says. “I guess the guilt is that you’ve kind of not been giving them your full attention.”
As people, Dr Parnham says how we don’t generally like the revelation that somebody may be more perfect than we are. If we decide that we want to be the number one fan, then it’s a bit “galling” when we find out we might not necessarily be.
Perhaps surprisingly, musicians having an overzealous fanbase is not a modern occurrence, as such a subculture dates back to at least as early as the 19th Century with the Hungarian composer Franz Liszt. From screaming, cheering and swooning, to fighting over his handkerchiefs, women all over Europe were entranced by Liszt’s way with the piano. His biographer Dr Oliver Hilmes described how women often forgot their “refined” upbringing and would throw themselves at the composer leading to German poet Heinrich Heine coining the term Lisztomania to describe this behaviour.
Similar phenomena have made their way into the 60s with Beatlemania and progressed to modern-day Directioners. But the ever-growing sensation of social media has given all fandoms a platform to express their undying commitment to their favourite musician and attack anyone who would think or show otherwise.
When I ask Dr Parnham about social media’s influence on a toxic fanbase, she tells me a bit about group psychology. “You’re either in, or you’re out and if you kind of suggest you’re wavering, then you get kicked out,” says Dr Parnham.
With group psychology, the behavioural and psychological relationship between two or more groups is studied. This includes perceptions, attitudes, opinions, and behaviours towards one’s own group and towards another group. While explaining this, Dr Parnham remembered when the reality tv show Big Brother made its debut. The psychologist says it enabled the psychology community to look into group dynamics since it was built as a social psychology experiment. From watching the housemates interact with each other, the community saw how some contestants would bond by complaining about other contestants. Dr Parnham believes it’s like a tribe, and if a member were to say something that challenges the status quo, they would be kicked out. “If you’re showing some dissent, then they don’t want to hear it,” says Dr Parnham. “They’d rather just get rid of you and forcibly reject you so that they don’t have to question their own belief system.”
With this internal need to keep up appearances for yourself and to people behind a screen, it makes sense why there is an overall struggle to be the perfect follower. But what might the person’s idol expect from them? The only way to find out is to ask them.
Rae Lim is an actor who became a singer-songwriter during the first lockdown. You might recognise her from her appearances in Bridget Jones’s Baby or Avenue 5 or have heard her recent single GTFO. While waiting to see her cameo in No Time To Die, Lim had some time to talk to me about her fanbase and how she expects them to be.
“I expect them [her fans] to be normal human beings,” says Lim while sipping her tea in her apartment. The actress returned from what she felt was a “tanked” audition, but I assured her it must have gone well. “I expect them to be like me, just kind of trying to get on with their lives and doing things that matter to them.”
The singer stresses that her fans don’t have to like every song she releases, go to every one of her concerts or stay up until sunrise to watch her live streams. “As long as you’re not hurting yourself, or putting pressure on yourself, then that’s the best way to be a fan,” says Lim.
The singer might not have incredible demands from her fanbase, but do her supporters live up to this? I was curious to know what the relationship is like between Lim and her followers.
She tells me the rapport has mainly been positive, with 95% being good and the rest being negative. Lim tells me how the former has supported her as a person and as an artist by sharing and purchasing her release or sending videos of them singing to her songs. While the negative 5 per cent consists of fans, especially those Lim has communicated with, thinking they have control over her music.
“They feel like they have the right to tell you what to do with your next song or whatever, and that’s usually quite difficult,” says Lim, who says it’s like if all of your friends would tell you what to do in your day-to-day life, which is impossible. “You can’t do that, and then you feel bad because then you’re letting your fans down because you couldn’t give them what they asked for.”
So, when I ask Lim what the perfect fan is to her, she says: “I think an ideal fan is someone who supports you and your craft but wouldn’t become obsessive.”
Although Lim has experienced some negativity with her fanbase, it’s important to remember that this is a tiny fraction on a much larger scale. Understanding the mindset, finding familiarity, and asking a musician for solace has made me realise that this pressure might not be as concrete as I thought. The older I get, the more work I have to do. I don’t have time to watch every single premiere of Ed Sheeran’s music videos and constantly declare my affection on Twitter.
Am I still a fan of him? Yes.
Do I fear someone else might be a bigger fan than I am? Definitely.
But, understanding why this reaction happens and knowing it’s fairly normal certainly helps get on with my day.
Anam Alam is a graduate journalist who was written about topics ranging from veganism, skincare and sex education. You can find her on Twitter at @itsanamalam. | <urn:uuid:e7e7946d-7649-4afc-982f-6f91e683dc4f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://inksight.co.uk/the-psychology-and-pressures-of-being-the-perfect-follower/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.980383 | 1,806 | 1.78125 | 2 |
During the spring semester (April 15-20), NFSC hosted Dr. James Hébert, Health Sciences Distinguished Professor, and Director, Cancer Prevention & Control Program, University of South Carolina. Dr. Hébert offered three presentations:
As part of the FAFS Lecture Series, April 16, The Role of Inflammation in Health – and How We Can Regulate Inflammatory Responses with Lifestyle Choices, defining inflammation, the salient differences between acute and chronic inflammation, and their very different effects on the body. Dr. Hébert discussed the acute inflammatory response necessary to maintain good health: without it, the body is unable to fight infection, heal wounds, or eradicate newly arising cancer cells. He focused on chronic inflammation, which results when the intercellular messengers that turn on the cells regulating acute inflammatory response fail to turn off again; and those messengers that normally tell the body to turn off the response fail to do so. In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic systemic inflammation is inconsistent with good health and well-being. When the body’s ability to self-regulate is compromised, the stage is set for a host of health conditions and chronic diseases - ranging from arthritis and bursitis to depression, cognitive decline, colorectal cancer and type II diabetes mellitus. Dr. Hébert discussed ways to reduce chronic systemic inflammation and the ability to self-regulate by restoring balance and readiness to respond to environmental stimuli: improving diet, physical activity and relaxation as optimal adjuncts to support healthy dietary choices.
The second talk, April 17 at AUB Medical School entitled Preventing Cancer – What do we know? What can we do? What are the things we need to think about as we plan the research agenda? Dr. Hébert described the current state of knowledge regarding what individuals and public health practitioners can do to reduce cancer risk. The specific categories discussed included: diet, physical activity, tobacco; alcohol; age and other background factor appropriate screening, stress, and environmental factors. While emphasizing primary prevention, secondary and tertiary prevention. Methodologic issues were also addressed, which he noted that it will make progress in reducing the burden of cancer around the world. These range from procedures employed in measuring common risk factors and methods to detect and control for error to interpreting results and drawing inferences from individual studies, to ways to understand and deal with regression, to the mean (both for particular measures and for overall studies, as measuring devices). Dr. Hébert also reviewed study design, including ways to increase information yield and consider the advantages of conducting studies in difficult to reach or understudied populations, which provides the basis for an argument for conducting collaborative inter-population studies, including internationally.
The third and final talk on April 18, 2019, at FAFS, entitled The Dietary Inflammatory Index DII® Story and Past, Current and Future Use of the DII in Research.
Dr. Hébert explained the process of creating the DII® and how it provides a way to describe the effect of diet on inflammation. He describe the rationale for developing the DII and the methods used to create the current generation (Gen2) DII, including the literature review, refinements incorporated, and the creation of a global reference database using data from 11 countries. Hébert further noted that the research conducted in the past 3 years provided insights that led to the refinements incorporated into the energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) and the children’s DII (C-DII). He also provided a brief overview of results based on the DII and its variants in relation to a variety of health outcomes that range from inflammation markers to cancers of various anatomic or organ sites. He and his group of researchers believe the “hot areas” for the future use of the DII include: 1) mental health, including depression, anxiety, stress, and cognitive decline; 2) metabolic syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM); 3) neurogenic inflammation; 4) aging, weathering, and allostatic load; 5) epigenetic effects and fetal imprinting; and 6) biological Timekeeping.
In addition to the three presentations, Dr. Hébert met with NFSC faculty to discuss current research in nutrition, food science, and health. NFSC faculty also presented their research and discussed how it serves the Lebanese community. At the meeting’s end, Dr. Hébert offered to collaborate with faculty members and assist with scholarly aspirations. NFSC students had the opportunity to meet the renowned scholar and learn more about current nutrition research and potential career opportunities in nutrition and disease prevention. Dr. Hébert gave his insight on the potential growth of the field, stressing the importance of nutrition and healthy diet in creating a healthy environment. | <urn:uuid:ecf74684-9c4f-4071-bb9b-68b271a26ef3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.aub.edu.lb/fafs/news/Pages/2019_James-Hebert-Lectures.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.937387 | 987 | 2.421875 | 2 |
ASM Giasuddin1*, KA Jhuma2 and AMM Haq3
1Professor of Biochemistry & Immunology, Director MRU, MHWT, Mew& H Building, Dhaka, Bangladesh
2 MRU, MHWT & Department of Biochemistry, Medical College for Women & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
3 MRU, MHWT & Dept of Medicine, Medical College for Women & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
*Corresponding author: ASM Giasuddin, Professor of Biochemistry & Immunology & Director, Medical Research Unit (MRU), MHWT, Medical College for Women & Hospital Building, Uttara Model Town, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh
Submission: May 24, 2018;Published: May 31, 2018
ISSN: 2637-8019Volume2 Issue3
Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) has become extremely important in diagnostic laboratory services confirming a clinical suspicion, i.e. including (ruling in) or excluding (ruling out) a clinical diagnosis. This is particularly true in setting such as emergency room, intensive care unit, casualty room, etc. The Royal college of Pathologists, UK and The institute of Biomedical Science, UK produced some POCT guidelines so that internal quality control (IQC) and external quality assessment (EQA) have been maintained ensuring the accuracy of results and therefore, avoiding and reducing in patients misdiagnosis. New emerging devices utilizing molecular techniques based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to provide POCT service for infectious diseases are likely to reach the commercial market in the next few years. The various facets of POCT i.e. technological requirements, POCT service implementation and management, POCT devices availability, IQC and EQA performance were discussed.
Keywords: Point-of-care; Point-of-care testing; Poet
Diagnostic laboratory service should be given utmost importance and priority in confirming a clinical suspicion, i.e. including (ruling in) or excluding (ruling out) a clinical diagnosis. In this respect, Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) is extremely important in case of emergency medical/health care particularly. It is a diagnostic laboratory testing service performed in a member of different clinical settings such as emergency room, admission unit, operating room, intensive care unit (ICU), outpatient clinic, ward, etc. [1-3]. The evolution of small portable POCT devices/instruments that measure blood gases, electrolytes and other emergency analyses has helped immensely to set up POCT facilities. In many hospitals, POCT has become an integral part of diagnostic services, thus saving lives in ICU, casualties and emergencies specially [2,4]. POCT is an important part of Laboratory Medicine which includes diagnostics, teaching, research, administration, etc. However, analytical and technological requirements in term of instrumentation, manpower of heterogeneous categories i.e. laboratory consultants, biomedical scientists, medical technologists, others, logistics, etc must be considered carefully.
POCT introduces a range of issues such as management and visibility of remote testing site, data collection, quality control regime, analyzer status and the use of the equipment, analysis by certified personnel, resources required to deliver an extended diagnostic service while maintaining the level of quality which are to be considered adequately [1,2]. The Royal College of Pathologists, UK in 2004 stated that “a modern pathology service will need to consider a wide range of technologies to provide its service, and this may be achieved by linking disseminated laboratory services as part of networked area with information technology (IT) connection (e.g. by linking POCT systems remotely with central core laboratories)” [2,4]. A fully functional POCT connectivity network could also address the points raised in the POCT guidelines produced by the Institute of Biomedical Science, UK which indicates that “It is imperative that wherever POCT is operated that it is monitored and supervised by qualified staff of a Clinical Pathology Accreditation (CPA) accredited clinical laboratory” [5,6].
The evolving technological advances that enabled the development of novel POCT instruments and the underlying analytical techniques are glucose biosensor strips and lateral flow strips using immobilized antibodies to determine a range of parameters including cardiac markers and infectious pathogens. The second category of devices is larger, often bench-top devices which are essentially laboratory instruments being reduced in both size and complexity. These include critical care unit analyzers and, more recently, small hematology and immunology analysers [6,7]. New emerging devices include those that are utilizing molecular techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to provide infectious disease testing in a sufficiently small device to be used at the point of care. This area is likely to grow with many devices being developed and likely to reach the commercial market in the next few years . Additionally, it is very desirable to measure various parameters simultaneously in the same specimen, allowing a rapid, low-cost, and reliable quantification. Therefore, multiplexed pointof- care testing (xPOCT) has become more important for medical diagnostics in the last decade. POCT has become established worldwide and finds vital roles also in public health .
0riginally most POCT tests were undertaken on patients who were acutely unwell, when rapid test results were needed for clinical reasons. However, in the recent past most POCT implementations were undertaken helping to ensure that patient pathways work more efficiently. For example, where patients arrive early in the morning and need blood tests before a procedure, the best way to ensure results are ready is via POCT. Even though POCT is more expensive on a cost-per test basis, the upstream and downstream savings it can provide mean that it does offer an economic saving overall.
The Ontario Laboratory Accreditation Body found that POCT had the highest error rate in comparison to other sources of error in the laboratory, highlighting the risk of error in Poet and the need for quality control [9,10]. Quality control comprises two key elements, internal quality control (IQC) and external quality assessment (EQA), both of which are already integral components of the laboratory quality system, IQC & EQA and are designed to ensure that the quality of test results will not compromise the clinical care of the patient. lQC involves running samples containing analytes of a known concentration, to monitor the accuracy and precision of the analytical process over time. Frequency of testing will depend on the design of the device and risk of harm to the patient. When choosing an appropriate material performing quality control on POCT devices, it is important to look for materials that offer the following benefits: ease of use, a matrix similar to the patient sample, contains analytes at clinically relevant concentration, accurately assigned target values, from a third-party source offering an unbiased and independent assessment of analytical performance [9,10].
EQA is also strongly recommended for POC devices for quality and competence relating to POCT in hospitals, clinical and ambulatory care environments. An EQA scheme assesses the accuracy of the POCT devices through direct results comparison of one device to identical devices worldwide. This peer comparison allows for assessment of the accuracy of a device over time and provides confidence that the patient results a device is reporting are accurate. There are many EQA schemes available for POCT devices. When choosing a scheme it is important that a POCT coordination team considers the following: Frequent reporting to minimize the amount of time an error can go unnoticed, quality material provided in a format suitable for use with POCT devices, well-designed reports that allow quick and easy trouble shooting of erroneous results at a glance, international scheme with a large number of participants to ensure a more accurate reflection of performance . Interlaboratory data management software for ICQ & EQA can allow a laboratory to manage and interpret quality control data. Such software can ensure that accuracy and precision are monitored over time, comparing results to POCT users worldwide and providing a true reflection of performance of both the device and the personnel using the device. The risk of harm to the patient while using a POCT device can only be reduced when there is a stringent quality control strategy in place and also ensuring the accuracy of results and therefore, a reduction in patient misdiagnosis .
POCT has become established worldwide and finds vital roles also in public health. The main advantages and potential operational benefits of it are reducing time for clinical decision making, operating time, high-dependence, postoperative care time, emergency room time, number of hospital beds required, risk of results being lost and ensuring optimal use of professional time and finally improved health outcomes. POCT has been shown to offer benefits for the patients and the economy of the health service systems. However, these benefits must always be weighed against the risk of patient harm. POCT will offer benefits only if the results obtained are accurate and reliable which makes quality control policies a vital consideration. Although there is no universal quality control strategy in place for POCT devices currently, it is well understood that IQC and EQA should be applied to POCT devices strictly. With more and more understanding on the biochemical and molecular basis of illnesses, the discipline of Medical Biochemistry played in the past, is playing presently and will play in the future as well increasingly important roles in the diagnosis, management and prevention of various human diseases worldwide. More recent developments in molecular techniques i.e. PCR through Medical Molecular Biology will have tremendous impact on Poet service.
© 2018 ASM Giasuddin. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially. | <urn:uuid:0b3aa34c-bcc2-4ffc-a4d5-851ecc60eb64> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://crimsonpublishers.com/gjem/fulltext/GJEM.000536.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.941467 | 1,993 | 1.890625 | 2 |
The place for off-the-beaten-path entertainment
A Bit About Merryall
The Merryall Center is an intimate performance venue and community center located on a beautiful, narrow back-country road in rural Litchfield County, Connecticut. Perched just above the West Aspetuck River, for nearly seven decades it has played host to luminaries from all over the United States.
Those gracing its stage have included Fredric March, Marian Anderson, Skitch Henderson, Eartha Kitt, Margaret Mead, Chris Brubeck,
Isaac Stern and Jeffrey Toobin.
History & Mission
When the Merryall Community Center was incorporated on Jan. 7, 1952, the corporate documents indicated it was to “establish a community center for social, educational and cultural exchange, and to sponsor such activities as will improve the educational, cultural and social life of Merryall.”
New Milford natives remember a private, club-like gathering place for Merryall residents, many of them weekenders. New Milford has grown from a sleepy rural community in 1952 to a central Litchfield County hub. The population has grown and the organization, now commonly known as the Merryall Center for the Arts, reaches out far beyond the Merryall district.
But the mission remains the same.
Originally, 10 inspired families purchased the building, and another 25 families joined in to clean-up, make over, and put the run-down structure to use as a simple but functional community center. By the time it opened, membership had risen to 80 families. In 1951, one purpose was to eliminate the barrier between week-end and full-time residents through gatherings to keep alive the community spirit.
On July 5 and 6, 1952, the Center was dedicated with a ceremony theme of "hospitality and democratic living;” 16 U.N. delegates and families were guests for both days. Highlights of the ceremony, attended by 250 people, were a reading of the Declaration of Independence by actor and Merryall resident Fredric March and singing "The Star-Spangled Banner" by legendary contralto Marian Anderson.
From 1953 to 1961, monthly events included garden tours, student programs, cook-outs, art exhibits, lectures, and panel discussions. In 1961, a stage was added, the heating and plumbing systems were improved and a lavatory, terrace and kitchen were installed. From the 1990s and early 2000s, building improvements were made. But in 2008, it became apparent that the summertime use of the building, the winter occupancy by wild critters, and the passage of time had taken a toll. Spurred by a $25,000 challenge grant from Bob Kostes, the Center raised $75,000. Gov. M. Jodi Rell, impressed by this effort, nominated the Center for a $150,000 grant, enabling a total rehabilitation of the building, which had achieved historic status through the efforts of Pat and Larry Greenspan.
In its history, the stage has hosted noted writers, politicians, scientists, dancers, and musicians, including Dr. Charles Atkins, Bill Baird, Adam Battelstein, Van Wyck Brooks, Joel Brown, Chris Brubeck, Stuart Chase, Norman Cousins, Malcolm Cowley, Bill Crofut, Skitch Henderson, Eartha Kitt, Gayle Martin-Henry, Margaret Mead, Greg Mertl, Nigel Mumford, Marlene Sanders, Rex Stout, William and Rose Styron, Dr. Warren Weaver, Peter Schickele (P.D.Q. Bach), Dr. William Sloane-Coffin, Isaac Stern, Liz Smith, Jeffrey Toobin, the Los Angeles Guitar Quartet, the Bershire Big Band and the Berkshire String Quartet.
Board of Directors | <urn:uuid:27559a3c-785e-484e-9db5-d481618fb55d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.merryallcenter.org/about | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.952291 | 800 | 1.96875 | 2 |
Over the Chilkoot Trail’s icy steps, these sons of Viches came – Stepovich, Butrovich, Dapcevich, Begich, Paskvan, and Peratrovich – to guide Alaska from a raw land to state-hood, from southeast to the arctic, from gold camps to the forty-ninth star! Names so Alaskan that their Slavic stories went untold, they represented the world’s former empires and today’s Balkan states. With maps, timelines, and photos on every page, Bridges to Statehood is Alaska, from mining to fishing, from fur to bars, from retail to sports from aviation to politics. Bridges includes the building of the Alaska Highway, communication into the Great Land, and the Alaska state constitutional convention.
Judy has also included her lifelong history with the former Yugoslavia, a contrast to the Great Land, presenting her friends, the people of former Yugolsavia.
This is a book celebrating Alaska’s fiftieth anniversary of statehood and told by the talented immigrants who shaped this state. Available with lesson plans on CD and the DVD, The Shaping of a State. | <urn:uuid:9b766a15-7a6b-4077-85ba-642ab9ea68d1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.valdezmuseum.org/shop/books-media/statehood/bridges-to-statehood/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.949703 | 244 | 2.9375 | 3 |
East Grand Rapids named happiest place in Michigan
What makes you happy? And, are you happy where you live? A new study from Zippia.com names East Grand Rapids as the happiest place to live in the state of Michigan.
“We crunched the numbers in the entire state of Michigan and East Grand Rapids ended up on top.”
That’s Zippia spokesperson Nick Johnson.
The career advising company also explores life in the U.S.: where to go, where to live.
And recently they looked at what makes people happy - even further, where the happiest people are in Michigan. East Grand Rapids popped to the top of their list.
“Primarily due to the fact that 90 percent of the people in East Grand Rapids, own a home, most have a really good job and more than two-thirds are married. So if you own a home, have a good job and you’re married with a family, that’s a good start toward happiness.”
Johnson says they retrieved data from the 2010-2014 American Community Survey and looked at seven criteria to help determine which places are among the happiest. Things like owning a home, having a job and family life.
“So we’re trying to paint a picture of what it’s like to live in different places based on education, work , life, enjoyability, amenities - that kind of thing.”
Johnson says they compiled data for every city in the state with a population of more than 5,000.
And while East Grand Rapids topped the list, Forest Hills came in second.
Huntington Woods, Jenison and Byron Center rounded out top spots. | <urn:uuid:230f7105-8b1c-4291-aa24-70189f743297> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wgvunews.org/news/2016-05-16/east-grand-rapids-named-happiest-place-in-michigan | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.955 | 354 | 1.53125 | 2 |
The Council of Senior Scholars held a special sitting in Riyadh, Wednesday the 13th of Rabee’ Al-Awwal, 1424, about the explosions that occurred in the city of Riyadh on Monday, the 11th of Rabee’ Al-Awwal, 1424, regarding what took place of the killing, destruction, terrorizing, and damage inflicted upon people, (both) Muslims and other than them.
And it is well known that the Sharee'ah of Islaam came to protect the five necessary things and prohibit transgression against them, and they are:
- the religion,
- honour, and
And the Muslims do not differ over the prohibition of transgression against persons who have a right to be protected. The people who have a right to be protected, according to the Religion of Islaam, are:
Muslims - It is never permissible to transgress against any Muslim person or to kill one without right. Whoever does this has committed a major sin, one of the huge kabaa’ir! And Allaah the Most High has said:
And whoever kills a Muslim intentionally, then his recompense is Jahannam, he will reside there for an extensive amount of time, and Allaah’s Anger and Curses are upon him, and He has prepared a great torment for him...
...And He Subhaanahu has said:
And due to that we prescribed for the Children of Israa’eel that whoever kills a person, not as a recompense for his killing of another, or to spread corruption on earth, then it is as if he has killed all of mankind... the verse
Mujaahid said, may Allaah have Mercy on him, ((by his sin (meaning: “His sin is as heavy as the one who has actually killed all of mankind), this shows the severity of killing a person with no due (legal) right))
And the Prophet (sal-Allaahu `alayhe wa sallam) said:
The blood of a Muslim that bears witness that none has the right to be worshipped (in truth) except Allaah and that I am the Messenger of Allaah is not permissible (to spill), except in three cases:
- recompense for killing someone else,
- stoning the adulterer,
- the one who leaves his Deen, abandoning the jamaa’ah[/i] [Agreed upon (Bukhaaree and Muslim)] This is the version of Bukhaaree.
And the Prophet (sal-Allaahu `alayhe wa sallam) said:
I have been ordered to fight the people until they testify that there is no deity worthy of worship other than Allaah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allaah, establish the prayer, and pay zakaat, and if they do this, then their blood and money shall be protected from me, except by an Islaamic right, and their account will be with Allaah. [Agreed upon, from the hadeeth of Ibn ‘Umar, may Allaah be pleased with him]
And in the Sunan of An-Nasaa’ee, on the authority of ‘Abdullaah ibn ‘Amr, (radhi-yallaahu 'anhu), the Prophet (sal-Allaahu `alayhe wa sallam) said:
The cessation of the dunyaa (world) is less significant to Allaah than the killing of a single Muslim man (i.e. person)
And one day, Ibn ‘Umar looked to the House, or the Ka'bah, and said:
"How great you are, and how great is your sanctity, and the believer is even greater in sanctity to Allaah than you" (Meaning that the haram is safe and protected from fighting and bloodshed, and the believer has even more right to be safe and protected from bloodshed)
All of these texts and others show the serious reality of the sanctity of a Muslim’s blood, and the prohibition of killing a Muslim for any reason other than what has been mentioned in the Sharee'ah’s texts, so it is not permissible to transgress against any Muslim without right...
Usaamah bin Zaid reported,
“Allaah’s Messenger sent us towards Al-Huruqa, and in the morning we attacked them and defeated them. I and an Ansari man followed a man from among them and when we overwhelmed him, he said, “La ilaha illal-Lah.” On hearing that, the Ansari man stopped, but I killed him by stabbing him with my spear. When we returned, the Prophet (sal-Allaahu `alayhe wa sallam) came to know about that and he said: "O Usaamah! Did you kill him after he had said “La ilaha ilal-Lah?”I said, “But he said so only to save himself.” He kept on repeating that so often that I wished I had not embraced Islaam before that day. [Agreed upon, and this is the wording of Bukhaaree]
This shows, with the greatest of indications, the sanctity of life. This was a mushrik man, and they were making jihaad, on the plains of battle (fighting), and when they overwhelmed him, and gained power over him, he spoke with (the utterance of) Tawheed, and Usaamah bin Zaid killed him, holding that he only said it in order to prevent his own death, and the Prophet (sal-Allaahu `alayhe wa sallam) did not accept his excuse, and his interpretation (of the situation). And this is from the greatest of (affairs) that indicates the sanctity of the blood of the Muslims and the mighty crime of the one who violates it.
Just like the blood of the Muslims is prohibited, then their wealth is also protected by the saying of the Prophet (sal-Allaahu `alayhe wa sallam):
"Your blood and your properties are sacred to one another like the sanctity of this day of yours, in this (sacred) town (Mecca) of yours, in this month of yours."
Reported by Muslim, and this speech was said by the Prophet (sal-Allaahu `alayhe wa sallam) in the khutbah of the Day of 'Arafah, and both Bukhaaree and Muslim reported its like regarding the Day of An-Nahr.
From what has preceded, the prohibition of killing the soul that has been protected without any due right becomes clear.
Also from the lives that are protected in Islaam, are the lives of
- those (non-Muslims) who are given agreements (guarantees),
- the dhimmees, and
- those who seek protection (from the Muslims).
From ‘Abdullah bin Amr bin al-Aaas (radhi-yallaahu 'anhumaa) from the Prophet (sal-Allaahu `alayhe wa sallam) who said:
"Whoever killed a person having a treaty with the Muslims, shall not smell the smell of Paradise though its smell is perceived from a distance of forty years." [Related by al-Bukhaaree]
And to whomever the wali ul-amr allows entry (into the land) with the covenant and promise of ensuring his safety and security, then his life and wealth are protected, it is not permissible to harm him, and whoever kills him, then he is as the Prophet (sal-Allaahu `alayhe wa sallam) said:
"...he will not smell the smell of Paradise..."
And this is a very severe warning for the one who turns upon those who have been given agreements.
And it is known that the custody (protection) of the people of Islaam is a single entity (i.e. a collective whole, equal), the Prophet (sal-Allaahu `alayhe wa sallam) said:
"The blood of the Believers is equal (one to another), and the least of them strives for their protection..."
And when Umm Haani (radhi-yallaahu 'anhaa) granted sanctuary (i.e. protection, on account of a benefit arising from that) to a man from the Mushrikoon in the year of the conquest, and when 'Alee bin Abee Taalib (radhi-yallaahu 'anhu) desired to kill him, she went to the Prophet (sal-Allaahu `alayhe wa sallam), and informed him (of that) so he (sal-Allaahu `alayhe wa sallam) said:
"We have granted sanctuary to the one you have granted sanctuary O Umm Haani." Reported by Bukhaaree and Muslim.
The intent here is that the one who entered (the land) with an agreement of personal security, or who had a pledge from the one in authority, due to a maslahah (benefit) that he (the one in authority) saw (in giving this person that pledge), then it is not permissible to turn upon him and nor to transgress upon him or his wealth.
When all of this has become clear, then what occurred of the bombing incidents in the city of Riyadh is a prohibited matter that the religion of Islaam does not affirm, and its unlawfulness has come from numerous angles:
- That this action is a transgression upon the sanctity of the land of the Muslims, and frightening of those who are secure and safe therein
- That it contains the killing of lives that the Islaamic Sharee'ah protects
- That it is causing corruption upon the earth
- That it contains destruction of wealth and belongings that are protected.
And the gathering of the Council of Senior Scholars explains this matter in order to warn the Muslims from falling into the destroying prohibited matters, and in order to warn them from the plots of Shaytaan, for he never ceases to work upon the servant until he enters him into the things that destroy, either with extremism, exaggeration in the religion or with disaffection towards it, and fighting against it, and refuge is with Allaah. And Shaytaan does not care by which of the two he can triumph over the servant, because both of these paths, that of extremism and that of disaffection are from the paths of Shaytaan that make a person fall under the wrath and punishment of ar-Rahmaan.
And what was done by those who performed these actions, of killing themselves by blowing themselves up, then that enters into the generality of the saying of the Prophet (sal-Allaahu `alayhe wa sallam):
"Whoever killed himself in the world with anything, then Allaah will punish him by that same thing on the Day of Judgement", reported by Abu Awaanah in his Mustakhraj from the hadeeth of Thaabit bin ad-Dahak, (radhi-yallaahu 'anhu).
The Prophet (sal-Allaahu `alayhe wa sallam) said:
"He who commits suicide by stabbing himself with an iron (blade) shall that have that iron (blade) in his hand, and he will thrust it into his body in the fire of Hell, remaining therein forever (in that state), and whoever took poison and killed himself, then he will drink it in the Fire of Hell, remaining therein forever (in that state), and whoever threw himself off a mountain and killed himself, then he will be falling in the Fire of Hell, remaining therein for ever (in that state)."
And this is also in Bukhaaree with something similar.
Then let everyone know that the enemies, from every angle, have designated today the Islamic Ummah for domination. They (the enemies) rejoice with all the ways that justify this domination for them, over the people of Islaam, and (which justify) humiliating them, and taking advantage of their resources and riches. Hence, whoever aided them in their goal, and opened up avenues amongst the Muslims and in the Muslim lands for them, then he has aided in (bringing about) harm upon the Muslims and in dominating their lands. This is from the greatest of oppression.
It is obligatory (upon all) to be concerned with the Sharee'ah knowledge that is founded upon the Book and the Sunnah in accordance with the understanding of the (Pious) Predecessors of the Ummah, and this occurs in the schools, universities and the mosques, and the media of information. Just like it is also obligatory to be concerned with commanding the good and prohibiting the evil, and giving mutual advice upon the truth. This is because the need, rather the necessity, calls to this now more than any time that has passed before. And it is upon the Muslim youth to have a good opinion of their Scholars and to take from them so that they come to know that what the enemies of the religion are striving towards is revilement between the Ummah’s youth and (revilement) of the Scholars and (revilement) between them and the Rulers, so that their strength weakens, and therefore, taking control over them (as a result) becomes easier. Hence, it is obligatory to be aware of this.
May Allaah protect everyone from the plot of the enemies, and it is upon all the Muslims to have fear of Allaah in the secret and in the open, and to make a sincere, truthful repentance from all sins. For no calamity has descended except due to a sin, and no (calamity) has been raised except due to repentance. We ask Allaah that He rectifies the condition of the Muslims, and distances the lands of the Muslims from every evil and dislikeable thing, and prayers and peace be upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family and his companions.
The Council of Senior Scholars
The Head of the gathering, ‘Abdul-Azeez bin Abdullaah bin Muhammad Aal ash-Shaykh
Saalih bin Muhammad al-Lahaydaan
Abdullaah bin Sulaymaan al-Munee’
Abdullaah bin Abdur-Rahmaan al-Ghudayaan
Dr. Saalih bin Saalih al-Fawzaan
Hasan bin Ja’far al-’Atamee
Muhammad bin Abdullaah as-Subayyil
Dr. Abdullaah bin Muhammad bin Ibraaheem Aal ash-Shaykh
Muhammad bin Sulaymaan al-Badr
Dr. Abdullaah bin Muhsin al-Turkee
Muhammad bin Zaid as-Sulaymaan
Dr. Bakr bin Abdullaah Abu Zaid (was not present due to illness)
Dr. Abdul-Wahhaab bin Ibraaheem as-Sulaymaan (was not present)
Dr. Saalih bin Abdullaah al-Humayd
Dr. Ahmad bin Sayr al-Mubaarakee
Dr. Abdullaah bin ‘Alee ar-Rukbaan
Dr. Abdullaah bin Muhammad al-Mutlaq | <urn:uuid:ea844724-fe2c-44f4-822c-d25bdcaf67de> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://theclearpath.com/viewtopic.php?f=32&t=19&sid=cd9b57ff1e88a68b4b8283af56c0448a | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.954279 | 3,251 | 1.984375 | 2 |
The Government updated Part G of the Building Regulations in April 2010. This sets a whole building standard of 125 litres per person per day for domestic buildings. This figure can be less for ‘Code for Sustainable Homes’ dwellings.
The calculation method requires the use of water consumption figures provided by manufacturers product details (key features such as flow-rates, toilet flush volumes and dishwasher litres / place settings). The estimated water usage must be calculated in accordance with the published methodology set out in the ‘The Water Efficiency Calculator for New Dwellings’.
The exercise is a very simple form that looks like this: | <urn:uuid:a89b69df-3fcf-4e15-95ea-b206d2df0df6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ukairtesting.co.uk/water-efficiency-calculations/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.915932 | 125 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Nikon D40X vs Panasonic G6
The Nikon D40X and the Panasonic Lumix DMC-G6 are two digital cameras that were revealed to the public, respectively, in March 2007 and April 2013. The D40X is a DSLR, while the G6 is a mirrorless interchangeable lens camera. The cameras are based on an APS-C (D40X) and a Four Thirds (G6) sensor. The Nikon has a resolution of 10 megapixels, whereas the Panasonic provides 15.9 MP.
Below is an overview of the main specs of the two cameras as a starting point for the comparison.
Going beyond this snapshot of core features and characteristics, what are the differences between the Nikon D40X and the Panasonic Lumix DMC-G6? Which one should you buy? Read on to find out how these two cameras compare with respect to their body size, their imaging sensors, their shooting features, their input-output connections, and their reception by expert reviewers.
An illustration of the physical size and weight of the Nikon D40X and the Panasonic G6 is provided in the side-by-side display below. The two cameras are presented according to their relative size. Three consecutive views from the front, the top, and the rear side are shown. All width, height and depth measures are rounded to the nearest millimeter.
The D40X can be obtained in two different colors (black, silver), while the G6 is available in three color-versions (black, silver, white).
If the front view area (width x height) of the cameras is taken as an aggregate measure of their size, the Panasonic G6 is notably smaller (11 percent) than the Nikon D40X. Moreover, the G6 is markedly lighter (25 percent) than the D40X. In this context, it is worth noting that neither the D40X nor the G6 are weather-sealed.
The above size and weight comparisons are to some extent incomplete since they do not consider the interchangeable lenses that both of these cameras require. A larger imaging sensor will tend to go along with bigger and heavier lenses, although exceptions exist. You can compare the optics available for the two cameras in the Nikon Lens Catalog (D40X) and the Micro Four Thirds Lens Catalog (G6). Mirrorless cameras, such as the G6, have moreover the advantage that they can use many lenses from other systems via adapters, as they have a relatively short flange to focal plane distance.
The following table provides a synthesis of the main physical specifications of the two cameras and other similar ones. If you want to switch the focus of the display and review another camera pair, you can move across to the CAM-parator tool and choose from the broad selection of possible camera comparisons there.
|1.||Nikon D40X||124 mm||94 mm||64 mm||522 g||520||n||Mar 2007||729||ebay.com|
|2.||Panasonic G6||122 mm||85 mm||71 mm||390 g||340||n||Apr 2013||599||ebay.com|
|3.||Nikon D3100||124 mm||96 mm||75 mm||505 g||550||n||Aug 2010||599||ebay.com|
|4.||Nikon D3000||126 mm||97 mm||64 mm||536 g||500||n||Jul 2009||599||ebay.com|
|5.||Nikon D5000||127 mm||104 mm||80 mm||590 g||510||n||Apr 2009||749||ebay.com|
|6.||Nikon D60||126 mm||94 mm||64 mm||522 g||500||n||Jan 2008||629||ebay.com|
|7.||Nikon D90||132 mm||103 mm||77 mm||703 g||850||n||Aug 2008||1,299||ebay.com|
|8.||Nikon D40||124 mm||94 mm||64 mm||522 g||470||n||Nov 2006||499||ebay.com|
|9.||Nikon D80||132 mm||103 mm||77 mm||668 g||600||n||Aug 2006||999||ebay.com|
|10.||Nikon D50||133 mm||102 mm||76 mm||620 g||400||n||Apr 2005||749||ebay.com|
|11.||Olympus E-420||130 mm||91 mm||53 mm||440 g||500||n||Mar 2008||599||ebay.com|
|12.||Panasonic G7||125 mm||86 mm||77 mm||410 g||350||n||May 2015||649||ebay.com|
|13.||Panasonic GF6||111 mm||65 mm||38 mm||323 g||340||n||Apr 2013||499||ebay.com|
|14.||Panasonic GX7||123 mm||71 mm||55 mm||402 g||350||n||Aug 2013||999||ebay.com|
|15.||Panasonic G5||120 mm||83 mm||71 mm||396 g||320||n||Jul 2012||599||ebay.com|
|16.||Panasonic G3||115 mm||84 mm||47 mm||336 g||270||n||May 2011||599||ebay.com|
|17.||Panasonic L10||135 mm||96 mm||78 mm||556 g||450||n||Aug 2007||599||ebay.com|
|Note: Measurements and pricing do not include easily detachable parts, such as add-on or interchangeable lenses or optional viewfinders.|
Any camera decision will obviously take relative prices into account. The retail prices at the time of the camera’s release place the model in the market relative to other models in the producer’s line-up and the competition. The G6 was launched at a somewhat lower price (by 18 percent) than the D40X, which makes it more attractive for photographers on a tight budget. Usually, retail prices stay at first close to the launch price, but after several months, discounts become available. Later in the product cycle and, in particular, when the replacement model is about to appear, further discounting and stock clearance sales often push the camera price considerably down.
The size of the sensor inside a digital camera is one of the key determinants of image quality. A large sensor will generally have larger individual pixels that offer better low-light sensitivity, provide wider dynamic range, and have richer color-depth than smaller pixels in a sensor of the same technological generation. Furthermore, a large sensor camera will give the photographer more possibilities to use shallow depth-of-field in order to isolate a subject from the background. On the downside, larger sensors tend to be associated with larger, more expensive camera bodies and lenses.
Of the two cameras under consideration, the Nikon D40X features an APS-C sensor and the Panasonic G6 a Four Thirds sensor. The sensor area in the G6 is 40 percent smaller. As a result of these sensor size differences, the cameras have a format factor of, respectively, 1.5 and 2.0. The sensor in the D40X has a native 3:2 aspect ratio, while the one in the G6 offers a 4:3 aspect.
Despite having a smaller sensor, the G6 offers a higher resolution of 15.9 megapixels, compared with 10 MP of the D40X. This megapixels advantage comes at the cost of a higher pixel density and a smaller size of the individual pixel (with a pixel pitch of 3.76μm versus 6.11μm for the D40X). However, it should be noted that the G6 is much more recent (by 6 years and 1 month) than the D40X, and its sensor will have benefitted from technological advances during this time that make it possible to gather light more efficiently.
The resolution advantage of the Panasonic G6 implies greater flexibility for cropping images or the possibility to print larger pictures. The maximum print size of the G6 for good quality output (200 dots per inch) amounts to 23 x 17.3 inches or 58.5 x 43.9 cm, for very good quality (250 dpi) 18.4 x 13.8 inches or 46.8 x 35.1 cm, and for excellent quality (300 dpi) 15.4 x 11.5 inches or 39 x 29.3 cm. The corresponding values for the Nikon D40X are 19.4 x 13 inches or 49.2 x 32.9 cm for good quality, 15.5 x 10.4 inches or 39.3 x 26.3 cm for very good quality, and 12.9 x 8.6 inches or 32.8 x 21.9 cm for excellent quality prints.
The Nikon D40X has a native sensitivity range from ISO 100 to ISO 1600, which can be extended to ISO 100-3200. The corresponding ISO settings for the Panasonic Lumix DMC-G6 are ISO 160 to ISO 12800, with the possibility to increase the ISO range to 160-25600.
In terms of underlying technology, the D40X is build around a CCD sensor, while the G6 uses a CMOS imager. Both cameras use a Bayer filter for capturing RGB colors on a square grid of photosensors. This arrangement is found in most digital cameras.
Since 2007, DXO Mark has published sensor performance measurements that have been derived using a consistent methodology. This service is based on lab testing and assigns an overall score to each camera sensor, as well as ratings for dynamic range ("DXO Landscape"), color depth ("DXO Portrait"), and low-light sensitivity ("DXO Sports"). The Overall DXO ratings for the two cameras under consideration are close, suggesting that they provide similar imaging performance. The table below summarizes the physical sensor characteristics and sensor quality findings and compares them across a set of similar cameras.
|2.||Panasonic G6||Four Thirds||15.9||4608||3456||1080/60p||21.3||11.5||639||61|
|11.||Olympus E-420||Four Thirds||10.0||3648||2736||none||21.5||10.4||527||56|
|12.||Panasonic G7||Four Thirds||15.8||4592||3448||4K/30p||22.8||12.4||904||71|
|13.||Panasonic GF6||Four Thirds||15.8||4592||3448||1080/60i||20.7||10.6||622||54|
|14.||Panasonic GX7||Four Thirds||15.8||4592||3448||1080/60p||22.6||12.2||718||70|
|15.||Panasonic G5||Four Thirds||15.9||4608||3456||1080/60p||22.3||11.9||643||66|
|16.||Panasonic G3||Four Thirds||15.8||4592||3448||1080/60i||21.0||10.6||667||56|
|17.||Panasonic L10||Four Thirds||10.0||3648||2736||none||21.3||10.8||429||55|
|Note: DXO values in italics represent estimates based on sensor size and age.|
Many modern cameras cannot only take still pictures, but also record videos. The G6 indeed provides for movie recording, while the D40X does not. The highest resolution format that the G6 can use is 1080/60p.
Beyond body and sensor, cameras can and do differ across a range of features. For example, the G6 has an electronic viewfinder (1440k dots), while the D40X has an optical one. Both systems have their advantages, with the electronic viewfinder making it possible to project supplementary shooting information into the framing view, whereas the optical viewfinder offers lag-free viewing and a very clear framing image. The viewfinder in the G6 offers a wider field of view (100%) than the one in the D40X (95%), so that a larger proportion of the captured image is visible in the finder. In addition, the viewfinder of the G6 has a higher magnification (0.70x vs 0.53x), so that the size of the image transmitted appears closer to the size seen with the naked human eye. The following table reports on some other key feature differences and similarities of the Nikon D40X, the Panasonic G6, and comparable cameras.
|1.||Nikon D40X||optical||n||2.5 / 230||fixed||n||1/4000s||3.0/s||Y||n|
|2.||Panasonic G6||1440||n||3.0 / 1036||swivel||Y||1/4000s||7.0/s||Y||n|
|3.||Nikon D3100||optical||n||3.0 / 230||fixed||n||1/4000s||3.0/s||Y||n|
|4.||Nikon D3000||optical||n||3.0 / 230||fixed||n||1/4000s||3.0/s||Y||n|
|5.||Nikon D5000||optical||n||2.7 / 230||full-flex||n||1/4000s||4.0/s||Y||n|
|6.||Nikon D60||optical||n||2.5 / 230||fixed||n||1/4000s||3.0/s||Y||n|
|7.||Nikon D90||optical||Y||3.0 / 920||fixed||n||1/4000s||4.5/s||Y||n|
|8.||Nikon D40||optical||n||2.5 / 230||fixed||n||1/4000s||2.5/s||Y||n|
|9.||Nikon D80||optical||n||2.5 / 230||fixed||n||1/4000s||3.0/s||Y||n|
|10.||Nikon D50||optical||n||2.0 / 130||fixed||n||1/4000s||2.5/s||Y||n|
|11.||Olympus E-420||optical||n||2.7 / 215||fixed||n||1/4000s||3.5/s||Y||n|
|12.||Panasonic G7||2360||n||3.0 / 1040||swivel||Y||1/4000s||7.0/s||Y||n|
|13.||Panasonic GF6||none||n||3.0 / 1040||tilting||Y||1/4000s||4.2/s||Y||n|
|14.||Panasonic GX7||2760||n||3.0 / 1040||tilting||Y||1/8000s||5.0/s||Y||Y|
|15.||Panasonic G5||1440||n||3.0 / 920||swivel||Y||1/4000s||6.0/s||Y||n|
|16.||Panasonic G3||1440||n||3.0 / 460||swivel||Y||1/4000s||4.0/s||Y||n|
|17.||Panasonic L10||optical||n||2.5 / 207||swivel||n||1/4000s||3.0/s||Y||n|
|Notes: *) Information refers to the mechanical shutter, unless the camera only has an electronic one.|
One differentiating feature between the two cameras concerns the touch sensitivity of the rear screen. The G6 has a touchscreen, while the D40X has a conventional panel. Touch control can be particularly helpful, for example, for setting the focus point.The G6 has an articulated screen that can be turned to be front-facing. This characteristic will be appreciated by vloggers and photographers who are interested in taking selfies. In contrast, the D40X does not have a selfie-screen.
The reported shutter speed information refers to the use of the mechanical shutter. Yet, some cameras only have an electronic shutter, while others have an electronic shutter in addition to a mechanical one. In fact, the G6 is one of those camera that have an additional electronic shutter, which makes completely silent shooting possible. However, this mode is less suitable for photographing moving objects (risk of rolling shutter) or shooting under artificial light sources (risk of flickering).
The Panasonic G6 has an intervalometer built-in. This enables the photographer to capture time lapse sequences, such as flower blooming, a sunset or moon rise, without purchasing an external camera trigger and related software.
The D40X writes its imaging data to SDHC cards, while the G6 uses SDXC cards. The G6 supports UHS-I cards (Ultra High Speed data transfer of up to 104 MB/s), while the D40X cannot take advantage of Ultra High Speed SD cards.
For some imaging applications, the extent to which a camera can communicate with its environment can be an important aspect in the camera decision process. The table below provides an overview of the connectivity of the Nikon D40X and Panasonic Lumix DMC-G6 and, in particular, the interfaces the cameras (and selected comparators) provide for accessory control and data transfer.
Mic / Speaker
|1.||Nikon D40X||Y||- / -||-||-||-||2.0||-||-||-|
|2.||Panasonic G6||Y||stereo / mono||Y||-||mini||2.0||Y||Y||-|
|3.||Nikon D3100||Y||mono / mono||-||-||mini||2.0||-||-||-|
|4.||Nikon D3000||Y||- / -||-||-||-||2.0||-||-||-|
|5.||Nikon D5000||Y||mono / mono||-||-||mini||2.0||-||-||-|
|6.||Nikon D60||Y||- / -||-||-||-||2.0||-||-||-|
|7.||Nikon D90||Y||mono / mono||-||-||mini||2.0||-||-||-|
|8.||Nikon D40||Y||- / -||-||-||-||2.0||-||-||-|
|9.||Nikon D80||Y||- / -||-||-||-||2.0||-||-||-|
|10.||Nikon D50||Y||- / -||-||-||-||2.0||-||-||-|
|11.||Olympus E-420||Y||- / -||-||-||-||2.0||-||-||-|
|12.||Panasonic G7||Y||stereo / mono||Y||-||micro||2.0||Y||-||-|
|13.||Panasonic GF6||-||stereo / mono||-||-||mini||2.0||Y||Y||-|
|14.||Panasonic GX7||Y||stereo / mono||-||-||mini||2.0||Y||Y||-|
|15.||Panasonic G5||Y||stereo / mono||-||-||mini||2.0||-||-||-|
|16.||Panasonic G3||Y||stereo / mono||-||-||mini||2.0||-||-||-|
|17.||Panasonic L10||Y||- / -||-||-||-||2.0||-||-||-|
It is notable that the G6 offers wifi support, which can be a very convenient means to transfer image data to an off-camera location. In contrast, the D40X does not provide wifi capability.
Both the D40X and the G6 have been discontinued, but can regularly be found used on ebay. The D40X was replaced by the Nikon D60 , while the G6 was followed by the Panasonic G7. Further information on the features and operation of the D40X and G6 can be found, respectively, in the Nikon D40X Manual (free pdf) or the online Panasonic G6 Manual.
So what is the bottom line? Is the Nikon D40X better than the Panasonic G6 or vice versa? The listing below highlights the relative strengths of the two models.
Reasons to prefer the Nikon D40X:
- Richer colors: Generates images with noticeably better colors (1.1 bits more color depth).
- Brighter framing: Features an optical viewfinder for clear, lag-free composition.
- Longer lasting: Can take more shots (520 versus 340) on a single battery charge.
- More heavily discounted: Has been available for much longer (launched in March 2007).
Arguments in favor of the Panasonic Lumix DMC-G6:
- More detail: Has more megapixels (15.9 vs 10MP), which boosts linear resolution by 24%.
- Broader imaging potential: Can capture not only stills but also 1080/60p video.
- More framing info: Has an electronic viewfinder that displays shooting data.
- More complete view: Has a viewfinder with a larger field of view (100% vs 95%).
- Larger viewfinder image: Features a viewfinder with a higher magnification (0.70x vs 0.53x).
- Larger screen: Has a bigger rear LCD (3.0" vs 2.5") for image review and settings control.
- More detailed LCD: Has a higher resolution rear screen (1036k vs 230k dots).
- More flexible LCD: Has a swivel screen for odd-angle shots in portrait or landscape orientation.
- Fewer buttons to press: Has a touchscreen to facilitate handling and shooting adjustments.
- More selfie-friendly: Has an articulated screen that can be turned to be front-facing.
- Faster burst: Shoots at higher frequency (7 vs 3 flaps/sec) to capture the decisive moment.
- Less disturbing: Has an electronic shutter option for completely silent shooting.
- Easier time-lapse photography: Has an intervalometer built-in for low frequency shooting.
- More compact: Is smaller (122x85mm vs 124x94mm) and will fit more readily into a bag.
- Less heavy: Has a lower weight (by 132g or 25 percent) and is thus easier to take along.
- More legacy lens friendly: Can use many non-native lenses via adapters.
- Easier file upload: Has wifi built in for automatic backup or image transfer to the web.
- Easier device pairing: Supports NFC for fast wireless image transfer over short distances.
- Faster buffer clearing: Has an SD card interface that supports the UHS-I standard.
- More affordable: Was released into a lower priced segment (18 percent cheaper at launch).
- More modern: Reflects 6 years and 1 month of technical progress since the D40X launch.
If the count of relative strengths (bullet points above) is taken as a measure, the G6 is the clear winner of the contest (21 : 4 points). However, the relative importance of the various individual camera aspects will vary according to personal preferences and needs, so that you might like to apply corresponding weights to the particular features before making a decision on a new camera. A professional wedding photographer will view the differences between cameras in a way that diverges from the perspective of a travel photog, and a person interested in cityscapes has distinct needs from a macro shooter. Hence, the decision which camera is best and worth buying is often a very personal one.
How about other alternatives? Do the specifications of the Nikon D40X and the Panasonic G6 place the cameras among the top in their class? Find out in the latest Best DSLR Camera and Best Mirrorless Interchangeable Lens Camera listings whether the two cameras rank among the cream of the crop.
In any case, while the comparison of the spec-sheets of cameras can offer a general idea of their imaging potential, it says little about, for example, the shooting experience and imaging performance of the D40X and the G6 in practical situations. User reviews, such as those found at amazon, can sometimes inform about these issues, but such feedback is often incomplete, inconsistent, and biased.
This is why expert reviews are important. The table below provides a synthesis of the camera assessments of some of the best known photo-gear review sites (amateurphotographer [AP], cameralabs [CL], digitalcameraworld [DCW], dpreview [DPR], ephotozine [EPZ], photographyblog [PB]). As can be seen, the professional reviewers agree in many cases on the quality of different cameras, but sometimes their assessments diverge, reinforcing the earlier point that a camera decision is often a very personal choice.
|1.||Nikon D40X||..||79/100||..||+ +||4/5||4/5||Mar 2007||729||ebay.com|
|2.||Panasonic G6||4/5||+ +||..||..||5/5||4.5/5||Apr 2013||599||ebay.com|
|3.||Nikon D3100||5/5||+ +||..||72/100||4.5/5||4.5/5||Aug 2010||599||ebay.com|
|4.||Nikon D3000||..||+||..||72/100||4/5||4.5/5||Jul 2009||599||ebay.com|
|5.||Nikon D5000||..||+ +||..||75/100||4/5||4.5/5||Apr 2009||749||ebay.com|
|6.||Nikon D60||..||80/100||..||+ +||4/5||4.5/5||Jan 2008||629||ebay.com|
|7.||Nikon D90||..||+ +||..||+ +||4/5||4.5/5||Aug 2008||1,299||ebay.com|
|8.||Nikon D40||..||81/100||..||+ +||o||4.5/5||Nov 2006||499||ebay.com|
|9.||Nikon D80||..||+||..||+ +||o||4.5/5||Aug 2006||999||ebay.com|
|10.||Nikon D50||..||78/100||..||+ +||4/5||4.5/5||Apr 2005||749||ebay.com|
|11.||Olympus E-420||..||85/100||..||+ +||4/5||4.5/5||Mar 2008||599||ebay.com|
|12.||Panasonic G7||4/5||+ +||..||80/100||5/5||4.5/5||May 2015||649||ebay.com|
|13.||Panasonic GF6||..||+ +||..||..||4.5/5||4.5/5||Apr 2013||499||ebay.com|
|14.||Panasonic GX7||4/5||+||..||79/100||5/5||5/5||Aug 2013||999||ebay.com|
|15.||Panasonic G5||3/5||+ +||..||..||4.5/5||4.5/5||Jul 2012||599||ebay.com|
|16.||Panasonic G3||3/5||+ +||..||75/100||4.5/5||5/5||May 2011||599||ebay.com|
|17.||Panasonic L10||..||85/100||..||+||3.5/5||4/5||Aug 2007||599||ebay.com|
|Notes: (+ +) highly recommended; (+) recommended; (o) reviewed; (..) not available.|
Care should be taken when interpreting the review scores above, though. The ratings were established in reference to similarly priced cameras that were available in the market at the time of the review. A score, therefore, has to be seen in close connection to the price and market introduction time of the camera, and comparisons of ratings among very different cameras or across long time periods have little meaning. It should also be noted that some of the review sites have over time altered the way they render their verdicts.
Other camera comparisons
Did this review help to inform your camera decision process? If you would like to see a different side-by-side camera review, just use the search menu below. There is also a set of direct links to comparison reviews that other users of the CAM-parator app explored.
- Canon 1D C vs Panasonic G6
- Canon 1D Mark II N vs Nikon D40X
- Canon G1 X Mark II vs Nikon D40X
- Canon T4i vs Nikon D40X
- Fujifilm X-S10 vs Panasonic G6
- Nikon Coolpix A vs Nikon D40X
- Nikon D40X vs Olympus E-M10 III
- Nikon D40X vs Panasonic G95
- Panasonic G6 vs Panasonic GF7
- Panasonic G6 vs Panasonic GX850
- Panasonic G6 vs Ricoh GR II
- Panasonic G6 vs Sony A7
Specifications: Nikon D40X vs Panasonic G6
Below is a side-by-side comparison of the specs of the two cameras to facilitate a quick review of their differences and common features.
|Camera Model||Nikon D40X||Panasonic G6|
|Camera Type||Digital single lens reflex||Mirrorless system camera|
|Camera Lens||Nikon F mount lenses||Micro Four Thirds lenses|
|Launch Date||March 2007||April 2013|
|Launch Price||USD 729||USD 599|
|Sensor Specs||Nikon D40X||Panasonic G6|
|Sensor Format||APS-C Sensor||Four Thirds Sensor|
|Sensor Size||23.6 x 15.8 mm||17.3 x 13.0 mm|
|Sensor Area||372.88 mm2||224.9 mm2|
|Sensor Diagonal||28.4 mm||21.6 mm|
|Sensor Resolution||10 Megapixels||15.9 Megapixels|
|Image Resolution||3872 x 2592 pixels||4608 x 3456 pixels|
|Pixel Pitch||6.11 μm||3.76 μm|
|Pixel Density||2.69 MP/cm2||7.08 MP/cm2|
|Moiré control||Anti-Alias filter||Anti-Alias filter|
|Movie Capability||no Video||1080/60p Video|
|ISO Setting||100 - 1,600 ISO||160 - 12,800 ISO|
|ISO Boost||100 - 3,200 ISO||160 - 25,600 ISO|
|DXO Sensor Quality (score)||63||61|
|DXO Color Depth (bits)||22.4||21.3|
|DXO Dynamic Range (EV)||11.4||11.5|
|DXO Low Light (ISO)||516||639|
|Screen Specs||Nikon D40X||Panasonic G6|
|Viewfinder Type||Optical viewfinder||Electronic viewfinder|
|Viewfinder Field of View||95%||100%|
|Viewfinder Resolution||1440k dots|
|LCD Framing||Live View|
|Rear LCD Size||2.5inch||3.0inch|
|LCD Resolution||230k dots||1036k dots|
|LCD Attachment||Fixed screen||Swivel screen|
|Touch Input||no Touchscreen||Touchscreen|
|Shooting Specs||Nikon D40X||Panasonic G6|
|Focus System||Phase-detect AF||Contrast-detect AF|
|Manual Focusing Aid||no Peaking Feature||Focus Peaking|
|Max Shutter Speed (mechanical)||1/4000s||1/4000s|
|Continuous Shooting||3 shutter flaps/s||7 shutter flaps/s|
|Electronic Shutter||no E-Shutter||up to 1/4000s|
|Time-Lapse Photography||no Intervalometer||Intervalometer built-in|
|Fill Flash||Built-in Flash||Built-in Flash|
|Storage Medium||SDHC cards||SDXC cards|
|Second Storage Option||Single card slot||Single card slot|
|UHS card support||no||UHS-I|
|Connectivity Specs||Nikon D40X||Panasonic G6|
|USB Connector||USB 2.0||USB 2.0|
|HDMI Port||no HDMI||mini HDMI|
|Microphone Port||no MIC socket||External MIC port|
|Wifi Support||no Wifi||Wifi built-in|
|Near-Field Communication||no NFC||NFC built-in|
|Body Specs||Nikon D40X||Panasonic G6|
|Battery Life (CIPA)||520 shots per charge||340 shots per charge|
124 x 94 x 64 mm
(4.9 x 3.7 x 2.5 in)
122 x 85 x 71 mm
(4.8 x 3.3 x 2.8 in)
|Camera Weight||522 g (18.4 oz)||390 g (13.8 oz)|
Did you notice an error on this page? If so, please get in touch, so that we can correct the information. | <urn:uuid:d1ea878f-785c-436a-8547-1490ee7ab9bb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.apotelyt.com/compare-camera/nikon-d40x-vs-panasonic-g6 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.77213 | 8,371 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Reform would improve returns, but it is unlikely to come soon
NEW YORK city’s public-school teachers have good reason to be jealous of their colleagues in the Canadian state of Ontario. Whereas returns at the city’s $144 billion system of public pension funds have averaged only 7.6% over the past ten years, the C$129.5 billion ($119.8 billion) Ontario Teachers’ Pension Plan (OTPP) boasts 9.6%. But chances that New York’s funds will soon copy the model up north are about as slim as the Queen Mary making a quick U-turn on the Hudson River.
The comparison is unfair: OTPP is an outlier, the Yale of pension funds; the performance of the funds in New York is close to the American average, which stands at 7.5%. But if they could increase their returns by just one percentage point, the city would have $1.4 billion more to spend every year. The money could be used to reduce the annual cheque the city writes to its pension funds, which was worth $8 billion in 2013—about 11% of the city’s budget.
Yet lifting returns would require structural reform. New York’s 600,000 teachers, police and other municipal employees and pensioners between them belong to five separate pension plans, each of which has its own set of investment policies, consultants and trustees. Whenever the combined fund wants to make a management change, it must get the approval of all five boards, a process that can take five months.
Because New York’s funds do not manage any assets themselves, they paid $472m to outside managers and consultants last year—about $269m more than OTPP, which manages about 80% of its assets in-house. And whereas Ontario’s fund employs more than 200 investment professionals and pays them competitive salaries, New York’s system has only 38, who are paid an average of $100,000 a year.
Combining the five plans into one would bring all kinds of benefits, from increased efficiency to better risk management. In 2011 Michael Bloomberg, then the city’s mayor, tried to do just that, but the scheme was stymied by union representatives, most of whom would be forced to give up their seats on the smaller boards.
Bill De Blasio, who took over from Mr Bloomberg last week, won election not least because of the support of the city’s municipal-employee unions. They have vowed to continue to resist any attempt to consolidate the five pension plans.
Government officials elsewhere in America are also trying to consolidate pension systems, but are facing similar opposition. That is a pity, for investment returns of large pension funds could improve by between 1% and 2% annually on average if they brought their investment management in-house and combined this with strong governance, says Keith Ambachtsheer of the University of Toronto. This would help some American pension funds to cover huge shortfalls.
Meanwhile, New York city’s pension managers continue to struggle with a system established almost a century ago. They would like to invest directly in real estate to diversify their holdings and reduce volatility, but none of the five funds has the expertise to do so. A former chief investment officer was fond of pointing to a plaque on the building that houses one of the funds. It reads: “Owned by Retirement Systems of Alabama”.
This article appeared in the Finance & economics section of the print edition under the headline "Pension complex"
From the January 11th 2014 edition
Discover stories from this section and more in the list of contentsExplore the edition
Why the odds are stacked against those who bet against the market
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The first time I purchased a rubber plant attracted by its beauty, I quickly got them to my house. Little did I know about the importance of background research on the toxicity level of plants before buying them.
There are so many plants that are poisonous to your pets and humans themselves. So, do you think rubber plants are toxic?
Rubber plants are mildly toxic to humans and animals only when consumed or in contact with skin, nose, mouth, or eyes.
Ficus Elastic, also known as a rubber plant, contributes as a feng shui to your surroundings. The indoor planting trend has provoked many to keep this as an interior decorative piece.
However, its poisonous trait leads many people to hesitate in bringing them home.
People might freak out on keeping the toxic labeled plants inside their houses, knowing they are dangerous. Yet, having complete and correct contextual knowledge is essential.
Having said that, you don’t need to discard your want of getting rubber plants at home. You can enjoy bringing them home with proper precautionary measures.
Let us find out the severity of toxicity that rubber plants have.
Table of Contents
- Are Rubber Plants Toxic?
- Which Part of Rubber Plants is Toxic?
- Are Pets Vulnerable to Rubber Plants?
- Symptoms of Rubber Plant Poisoning
- First Aid Care
- Treatment from Toxic Rubber Plants
- Tips to Prevent Rubber Plants Poisoning
- Safe Variety of Rubber Plant
Are Rubber Plants Toxic?
A rubber plant describes a sturdy, strong, and bold-looking character. They have thick, broad, and dark green leaves.
Pinching or breaking the stem or leaves of the plant can bring you some milky white material oozing out, called sap.
Rubber plants are considered toxic if their inner latex (sap) is exposed to living beings. The irritation can vary from mild to severe problems depending on the individual sensitivity.
Although it sounds scary, the plant’s toxicity is technically leveled 4, which is the mildest. Therefore, it does not create long-lasting harm or does not cause any fatality of people or animals.
The latex substance is present in the milky white sap inside the rubber plant, containing all the toxicity. Latex is the source of the problem, which causes discomfort and irritation.
Adults might be well aware of it, but innocent children could be the victims.
Keep Rubber Plants Away from Children
As children are vulnerable and prone to many accidents, keeping indoor rubber plants with kids in the house can increase more risk. Their curious behaviors can lead to harm.
Kids can be fascinated with the milky white saps oozing out from the plant while playing around or randomly experimenting with things.
The best way out for prevention is to keep them out of sight. However, accidents can happen.
Best to keep the rubber plant out of reach from the little ones.
Which Part of Rubber Plants is Toxic?
You can find sap inside the plants that helps to transport nutrients and water. They are sticky, gooey, and highly elastic.
The sap contains latex in the stems, branches, and leaves of rubber plants or trees when chipped or broken.
Latex is produced from the sap that compromises various components such as sugar, albumin, resin, and enzymes. These constituents are not that detrimental.
However, caoutchouc is what we are looking for as they cause allergic reactions in the skin, mouth, and eyes. It is a harmful substance that is toxic.
Latex is a common component that exists in all the Ficus families. Rubbers are made out of this white milky sap containing latex.
Are Pets Vulnerable to Rubber Plants?
Animals are allergic to rubber plants similar to humans. They tend to go through similar kinds of symptoms like us.
As curious, notorious, and fidgety are your furballs, they can be explorative with your plants. It is more dangerous if you have your rubber plants indoors at the reach of your pets.
Are Rubber Plants Toxic to Cats and Dogs?
The fur of cats or dogs acts as a defensive shield against the external environment. Likewise, they play a significant role in protecting their skin if they are exposed to the sap of any rubber plants.
However, it is always better to avoid worst-case scenarios to let the toxic sap spread towards their skin. It would be best if you take immediate action by washing it off with cool water.
Apart from the skin, the most sensitive parts of your furballs are their eyes, nose, and mouth too. Irritation can occur if the sap comes in contact with your pet’s sensitive areas.
Since these sensitive areas are not covered with any extra layer of fur protection, this can escalate the effect due to the soft tissues present in their eyes, nose, and mouth.
In case of ingestion, irritation occurs in the gastrointestinal tract and around the mouth area.
Are Rubber Plants Toxic to Birds?
Today, a lot of people take pets as their most dear companions. Like before, pets are not only constricted to the category of cats and dogs. Many enjoy petting birds at home too.
Considering your flappy companions, rubber plants are equally toxic to birds as to cats and dogs. The poisonous sap of the rubber plant affects birds at a mild level.
Birds are prone to consuming the sap since they like to chew on plants. They have a susceptible respiratory system.
The ingestion of the plant leads them to have stomach distress and fall ill.
Symptoms of Rubber Plant Poisoning
You can contact the sap of rubber plants unknowingly or while performing any activity with the plants. As a result, these sap might create quite a discomfort for both humans and animals.
The allergic reaction to rubber plants might immediately take place or occur in a day or two.
Rubber Plant Poisoning Symptoms in Humans
Following are the symptoms you could encounter.
1. Skin Dermatitis
Skin Dermatitis is joint skin irritation. It might occur in mild to acute intensity of skin uneasiness.
Itchiness, red rashes, blistering and stingy feeling are indications of skin dermatitis.
2. Sap Exposure in The Eyes, Nose, and Mouth
You will feel a severe burning sensation, and also your eyes will be watery, itchy, or red if you have been exposed to the plant.
3. In Case of Ingestion (Common with Children)
Keep an eye out for the following symptoms if you or your children have ingested the rubber plant.
- Itchy, burning, and pain in the mouth and throat.
- Lethargy, nausea.
- Diarrhea, GI distress, and vomiting if the case worsens.
- The digestive disorder can prevail for a day or two.
Rubber Plant Poisoning Symptoms in Animals
It is by nature of cats and dogs to sniff around everything. Hence, consuming the rubber plant with the oozing sap can lead to similar symptoms as humans.
According to ASPCA (American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals), dermatitis, salivation, vomiting, and oral irritation are general symptoms that occur while ingesting or exposed to skin.
However, check the table below to find the symptoms and how you can identify them.
|Symptoms||How to Identify|
|Vomiting||Dogs lose appetite and keep throwing up.|
|Diarrhea||The consistency of the feces has changed to fluid.|
|Salivation||Excess saliva secretion than normal.|
|Depression||Dogs are not active as usual. Less barking and playfulness.|
|Drooling||Drooling or salivating more than normal without being aware of it.|
|Nausea||Dogs feel sick and do not move much. Drooling also shows they are nauseous.|
|Lack of Coordination||Imbalance in the movement of the dogs.|
|Oral or Skin Irritation||Itchiness on the skin (dogs scratching around); mouth area can become reddish or swollen.|
|Symptoms||How to Identify|
|Dehydration||Check out for skin tenting (fragile skin elasticity).|
|Vomiting||Cats lose appetite and keep throwing up.|
|Weakness||Unable to actively move and looking lethargic.|
|Diarrhea||The consistency of the feces has changed to that of a fluid.|
|Oral Irritation||Itchiness and uneasiness around the mouth area.|
|Swollen and Reddened Lips||The appearance of pinkish-red lips or mouth; puffy mouth than usual.|
|Symptoms||How to Identify|
|Diarrhea||Check for watery droppings: The feathers near its vent are stained and the birds are fluffed up.|
|Vomiting||Birds will nod its head and stick out their neck, throwing up unwanted content.|
|Depression||Loss in appetite; less movement and chirpy.|
First Aid Care
It is essential to give immediate attention to those that come in contact with the rubber plant, be it you or your plant.
First Aid for Humans
It is better to take corrective actions as soon as possible when you contact the sap of rubber plants.
In case of exposure of sap, follow the below points.
- On the skin: Quickly wash the area with soap and wipe it with cold water.
- In eyes: Wash the eyes with lukewarm water for some time ( 10 – 15 minutes ).
- Sap intake ( in case of children ): Rinse the child’s mouth thoroughly.
First Aid for Pets
If you find out that your pet has ingested a rubber plant, then get ready for immediate reflexes below.
- Firstly, go with the physical examination of your pet with the symptoms and your observation.
- If you white substance in the mouth (latex) or the plant leaves, immediately remove them and try to rinse the mouth thoroughly with water and wipe it properly.
- Do not induce your pet vomit until your vet suggests.
- Keep your pet as hydrated as possible with enough supply of water.
- Just for a sample test of the plant, keep the ingested part to show the vet if the condition worsens.
Treatment from Toxic Rubber Plants
You know what they say; prevention is better than cure. However, you should be able to treat rubber plant intoxication at home without much fuss.
Since rubber plants are mildly toxic, they do not result in severe harm. However, do not be alarmed if the tips below do not work immediately if treatment is required.
Bear in mind that the recovery takes place within a few days. Usually, it takes one to two days. In the meantime, keep the victim well hydrated, and they should be perfectly fine.
Treatment for Humans
Usually, critical treatments are not required due to the poisoning of rubber plants.
However, if there is a severe reaction with rashes, burning sensations, or blisters, it is best to call the concerned medical center or doctors immediately.
An emergency hotline number of Poison Control Centre 1-800-222-1222.
Treatment for Pets
As mentioned earlier, the chances are less for a severe illness that will require serious treatment.
Nevertheless, if the situation deteriorates, then it is better to call and consult with your veterinarian. Do not panic and communicate the symptoms and behaviors of your pet thoroughly.
Call your veterinarian or the Animal Poison Control Center of the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals at (888) 426-4435.
Tips to Prevent Rubber Plants Poisoning
A little bit of cautiousness can prevent you from the harm of your rubber plants. You can easily apply the tips below.
- Keep rubber plants further away (out of reach) from children. You can do this by placing them on higher tables, racks, corners, and such.
- Wear gloves and an apron. Be alert on exposing yourself, children and pets from the plant sap while pruning, watering, cleaning, repotting, or moving the plant.
- Avoid touching your eyes when you are working with rubber plants.
Preventing Your Pets from Eating Rubber Plants
Animals are curious creatures like children. Moreover, placing your rubber plants in out-of-reach tables, racks and corners can also help to dodge your pets from eating rubber plants.
Other than that, you can apply creative ways for pungent smells to avoid your pets’ inquisitive behavior. Follow some of the tips below.
- Spray vinegar around the plant.
- Add coffee, lemon, citrus peels to the plant’s base.
- Sprinkle pepper around the plant.
- Potting marigolds to keep dogs away.
- Lavender and rosemary to keep cats away.
- Aluminum screening around the plant in a U-shape, hanging rubber snakes, creative scarecrows, helium-filled balloons around the plant to keep birds away.
Safe Variety of Rubber Plant
As we have discussed the Ficus Elastic rubber plant, you might fear its poisonous nature. Do not worry if you are concerned about your little ones or furballs at home.
American or Baby Rubber Plant (Peperomia Obtusifolia) is a non-toxic rubber plant that you can get for your house.
The pet-friendly plant is from a succulent family which requires less water and can thrive in indirect lighting. However, bright indirect lighting is recommended.
You can relax at your house with these baby rubber plants if the Ficus Elastic rubber plant gives you the need for extra concern.
You can find them on Amazon.
Enough with the dreads of rubber plants. They are a great piece to add to your home. With proper safety measures, especially for your kids and pets, it is a beautiful plant that you won’t regret in your space.
Rubber plants amazingly bring an aura with their elegant massive leaves, making the surroundings look more attractive. Also, they are easy to take care of and fast-growing plants.
You don’t need to change your mind if you are thinking of getting one. This article can come to your help!
There are other houseplants that are perfectly safe for your pets and children. Find the 20 plants that are safe for children, cats, and dogs. | <urn:uuid:01bd73be-c93e-4518-b7d1-2ddb9e55c435> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://plantscraze.com/are-rubber-plants-toxic/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.926129 | 3,039 | 3.0625 | 3 |
Virtual Undergraduate Town Hall: Planning Motions for Robots, Crowds and Proteins
During the Virtual Undergraduate Town Hall Event, you will join students from around the world in a virtual mentoring event where you will learn about cutting edge research in the field of computing. You will have the opportunity to ask distinguished computer scientists any questions you might have.
Research Presentation: Planning Motions for Robots, Crowds and Proteins
Motion planning has application in robotics, animation, virtual prototyping and training, and even protein folding and drug design. Surprisingly, sampling-based planning methods have proven effective on problems from all these domains. In this talk, we provide an overview of sampling-based planning and describe some variants developed in our group. We describe applications related to virtual prototyping, crowd simulation, and protein folding. For virtual prototyping, we show that in some cases a hybrid system incorporating both an automatic planner and haptic user input leads to superior results. For crowd simulation, we describe techniques for evacuation planning and for evaluating architectural designs. Finally, we describe our application of sampling-based motion planners to simulate molecular motions, such as protein and RNA folding.
Mentoring Topic: Why Recommendation Letters are Important and How to Cultivate Them
Many opportunities require you to provide references or letters of recommendation. At the same time, many students aren’t sure who or how to ask for them. The truth of the matter is that good reference letters require some preparation and cultivation on the part of the recommendee – you! In this session, we’ll talk about what makes a good reference letter and simple things you can do now to put yourself in a good position to get one when you need it.
Post-Discussion Chat: Join Nancy Amato & Lori Pollock for a chat to continue the discussion on reference letters, meet fellow students, and share your experiences.
Join us June 13th at 5:30pm ET
Speaker: Nancy Amato, Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering at Texas A&M
Host: Lori Pollock, Professor at the University of Delaware
All are welcome to participate. Register here.
Please join us 15 minutes before the presentation begins, in order to not miss any valuable information. The entire webinar event will last 1 hour. After the webinar we will host an interactive chat among attendees and the speaker, for 30 minutes. The event is broken into five sections:
- Nancy Amato presents on “Planning Motions for Robots, Crowds and Proteins”
- Open Q&A
- Nancy Amato discusses “How & Who to Ask for a Reference Letter”
- Open Q&A
- Interactive chat forum with Nancy Amato and attendees
Are you part of an ACM-W chapter or Women in CS/CSE group? Check out our flyer on how to participate in this webinar event as a group! | <urn:uuid:eae2bf1e-ed51-41cf-b38e-9fff6ae6ca84> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://turing.cra.org/cra-wp/events/virtual-undergraduate-town-hall-planning-motions-robots-crowds-proteins/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.897247 | 603 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Join us on November 17 at 1 p.m. Eastern Time, 12 p.m. Central Time and 10 a.m. Pacific Time.
Register with this link to the Go-To-Webinar Registration site:
The Webinar Topic:
As the Archivist at the Basilica of Saint Mary, Heather Craig has worked with internal and external researchers, as well as contractors and architects, to provide historical context and supporting documentation. Most recently, she worked with a team of architects and designers who were formulating a Master Campus Plan, which touched on every building on campus.
In this webinar, she will provide an overview of the kinds of information she has found to be helpful to preserve, as well as suggestions for retention, organization and documentation of a personal collection of research, in order for the collection to be transferred more smoothly to a repository, and to be more accessible to future researchers.
Heather Craig is serving her twenty-first year as the Archivist for the Basilica of Saint Mary in Minneapolis, MN. The bountiful archival collection contains documents and ephemera from the parish founding in 1868 up through the church’s response to the pandemic. She holds a B.A. in English from Grinnell College and a Masters in Library and Information Science from Dominican University.
Follow this link to register for the November 17th Webinar: https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/320362912505759501
The Webinar ID: 333-036-611 | <urn:uuid:24666974-7149-4af8-bd39-c97d1df39791> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://liturgical-consultants.org/november-17-2020-webinar-heather-craig-confronting-your-collection/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.932218 | 352 | 1.554688 | 2 |
The first sign that the Messiah did was in Cana in Galilee; changing the water into the best choice wine, just as Moses first sign was the changing of the water into blood. What is interesting here is that the great Jewish Historian Josephus actually lived in Cana in the 1st century, and never heard of this Jesus - or this peculiar Feast. Of course, the MAP makes the sign easy to interpret. Understand the 3 Tabernacles and you are half way there. What is translated as the Master of the Feast is actually
The Head of the 3 Couches. A couch is used for reclining on at meal times, but here we have 3, and this particular meal is known as a Symposium - drinking together. The symposium is set up twice in the feeding of the 5000 where the Disciples put the men into symposiums of 100's and 50's signifying that they were being tabernacled, (its court yard is 100x50). The main point here is why no-one who lived in Cana ever knew of this incident. Firstly it was the 3rd day in relation to the 3rd layer of the Ark, (head),
of Noah, and Noah got exceedingly drunk at the end of the Way. So the 3rd day is the 3rd heaven here. John also wrote about the Messiah's last feast in the flesh which was held in the upper room of a man carrying water in a stone jar. What I am saying is this, all the things that happened almost 2000 years ago was brilliantly staged by God Himself until the Scriptures were put together in the 4th Century - 4 being relevant here. The point here is that the disciples - including Paul were acting out the manifestations
of the Holy Spirit. In the MAP, Adam represented the First Seed, and the New Testament is in relation to the Second Seed Christ - the 1st man Adam, 2nd Man Christ. It should now be apparent as to why the Messiah said that He must die and be Raised for the Holy Spirit to come upon His Students to teach them and open their minds to the MAP. From the 4th Century onwards a new way has been presented by God that does not need the many to produce the necessary requirements for a person to fully understand the Way to
God and to receive the full salvation that is in Christ. God does it all Himself - He is the Teacher, Accountant and all things that relate to the good of His Children. When the Messiah instructs His Students to pray He says this:
"Our Father in Heaven...."
The 'our' is relating to one Student who has the Holy Spirit twinned within himself - the 2 must become 1.
Remember that you have to be the one carrying the stone jar on your shoulders, (What is on the outside, must be on the inside!).
Why is it that many in Christianity think that the above Scripture relates to the Jews inability to understand Moses because their minds are veiled?
Almost everything made by humans have a manual attached to them so that they can learn how things are made and work. Now if the beginning of the book of Genesis is a manual on the creation of the whole Universe, then God has made a terrible job of it. However - to the dead living in darkness with their handful of Scriptures this may well be, because they are ensnared by the law of the letter, but the Raised Seed observes the creation as leading to a brand new life. The beginning is in reference to the
skull - that which houses the human brain - the inner man as being the throne of intelligence. Adam only became a living soul when God singled him out. In other words Adam was the first human to be given the first Seed. Yes, there were Aborigines in Australia, Maoris in New Zealand and Pygmies in the Amazon Rain Forests at the time. Adam was the first of a people who God is creating for Himself, but what kind of people?
The problem with Adam is that the seed that he was first given was insufficient to keep him from falling backwards, he fell to the temptations of the world. Therefore a second seed is needed to give both comfort and strength in learning the ways of God that is different to the ways of men. Those who have the enlivenment of the Spirit will not only discern the Scriptures with the utmost of ease, but will stand firm in their God-given faith against the many deceptions that the world is easily entrapped with. This 2nd seed is the Messiah, or more precisely a clone of His Spirit that comes from above and is twinned within man. At first there is much antagonism between the two, and sometimes violent and raging battles between them. It is only through experience that one comes to the knowledge that it is the cloned sprit that has to win. The man wants both to learn of God and to share in the world's desires, but the cloned spirit is Holy and nothing of this world pleases him except the knowledge contained in it. This inner battle goes on until the man quits to the demands of his Holy twin. This Holy inner struggle with God is a real Jihad, and also qualifies one as a true Israelite. Ever wondered why God uses twins often in Holy Scripture; 2 by 2 they entered the Ark meaning the interpretation of the creation entering Noah's mind so that he would have to name them. Thomas called Dydimus means 2 by 2 also, and he was at the head of the ship at the 3rd appearance of Christ after His Raising from the dead. Raising refers to the level of conscience where your mind is. The ultimate is when one can see on all 3 levels, because God knows who are dead to this world by what they have done to serve Him - and will continue to do so until they have attained the maximum possible that can be received of the Heavenly riches. The Raised Seed have nothing of this world that anyone would boast about. The Raised Seed fit in with the poor easily by what they wear - just as the Messiah would if He were here now. But the Messiah is here now, unrecognised by earthly clothing. Yes, He is the same today as He always will be - The Teacher of all Divine knowledge. 2000 years ago God was amongst men, but they hated Him as they do today.
Want to know what the firmament really is in the Creation? It is a solid line that separates the earthly from the Divine, and the dividing of the waters above, and the dividing of the waters below the line, gives the answer to how Christ Himself was able to walk on the water. If you are standing on this solid line you cannot sink as Peter did, but Christ saved him. It is through Faith based on one's knowledge of the Map that saves you.
If only Socrates and Plato could match the amazing knowledge they had of the Dividing line with that of Holy Scripture. If only they knew how to figure out the light of the Lampstand in the 3 Tabernacles as being the light source, and the screens being the Wall reflecting shadows of the Bread of the Divine Presences.
The 'Mount of Transfiguration' tells us that whether standing, walking, or reclining in the eating of the Bread of the Presences of God, that our mind must be raised to the upper levels to see the full knowledge and Glory of the Messiah, given
through the correct translation of Moses and the Prophets through the 3 Tabernacles. We have to be tabernacled 3 times in the raising from the dead, something totally impossible for any man to do, nor by any man's own faith except the true Faith that is given by God Himself.
"Hear O Israel the Lord your God - the Lord your God is 1."
The reason for this is that the Way in the Scriptures are 1 road to 1 God. The 3 Tabernacles in the Scriptures begin in Genesis culminating in the 2nd and 3rd in Exodus with the inner furnishings. These furnishings are to be carried by 1. Take another look at both accounts in Exodus and you will find that at the end of both accounts Aaron is finished off with the exact clothing that was written about previously. The framework and the coverings are the outside of Aaron, and the furnishings inside is what Aaron will carry on his inside, meaning the handles to the tables etc are to be carried by him and not the many. 4 Rings of the tables here....
"Hear O Israel the Lord your God - the Lord your God is 1."
Each of the Tabernacles, (3000 measures in capacity), fits perfectly into each layer of the Ark (Head) of Noah 50 times, and each layer represents Heaven, so we have the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Heavens. However there are 4 layers and the bottom layer is the realm we live in - this world. Josephus, the great Jewish historian gives us this 4th layer, although, after working out the mysterious Heavenly Temple, it becomes obvious that there is 4 levels to the head of Noah. Noah experienced all 3 Heavenly levels during the storm of teaching. 40 days and 40 nights it poured down and 150 days the rain came. To grasp the meaning of this one has to realise that we have 50 + 50 + 50. Remember the 2 entrances to the Tabernacle, there are 4 posts and 5 posts all 10 cubits long giving us the 40 and 50 we need to work with. Remember, Aaron is the Tabernacle and Noah is the Ark - his head anyway, and as the heart and mind must be 1 with God, Noah walked with God.
Abraham recognised that man is a mere speck of dust in the plan of God. In his humility Abraham was shown that he was just the remains of stardust and the refuse of ashes of long gone stars. Abraham was brought down so low that he was near to a heart breaking death, but God was with him to the end and showed Abraham in a terrifying vision, by Raising him to the upper levels, and showed him his seed to come - the Messiah. As the Scripture says, ' Abraham saw the seed singular and not as the many.' This signifies that the piece-meal that the Prophets were given, is fully accumulated in the Christ - thereby the Christ must have the total mind of God.
Why is this? Why would we be pitied above every human being? Because we have rejected the materialism of the world and all its glories, and this is because we have believed the Word of God in all its entirety. God gives His Spirit to guide us into the true way to interpret the Scriptures, and when temptation comes we can reject the evil cunning of our flesh and its false desires. We are able to serve God and live with the least possible means in which the world pities us, because they know we can gain anything in the world through our God given talents. Why did the eunuchs' castrate themselves to enter the Kingdom of Heaven? - because they wanted the permanent riches in heaven than taste the temporary pleasures of this world. There is a scale in which one can save in Heaven and the amount is according to what one gives up in this temporary life. This can only be accomplished by those who have real faith, given by God. Paul talks about being baptised for the dead, this is easy to understand providing one knows what true baptism is. Water is a type of teaching on 4 levels with the required knowledge to walk with God on all 4 levels. Baptism in physical water is a million light years away from true baptism. Everything that man tries to duplicate physically that which is Spiritual is light years from the truth.
What is a blessing? The one that is of God which is invisible to the world, because it happens within you - and it is yours permanently. This blessing from God is a mirror image of what He is saving for you in Heaven. The only way a human can recognise this blessing is if you share it with him by teaching it to him - but no-one will ever grasp it unless they receive the same blessing.
At the 3rd time of the appearing to His Students after the raising from the dead, the Messiah cooked breakfast for them, fish that they had caught, and bread - remembering that revelation comes by the breaking of the mystical food. There were 153 fish - 100 and 50 and 3, 100 and 50 is in relation to a 3rd of the Ark, (The chest and mind of Noah), how do we know this? because John has previously stated that the boat was 200 measures from the seashore when they spotted the Lord. 200 cubits is 2/3 along the Ark
and 150 is the times the Tabernacle is divided into the top 3 Heavenly layers. The 3 of the 153 refers to these Heavenly layers. So the Messiah on His 1st appearance was on the 1st Heaven, the 2nd manifestation is on the second Heavenly layer, and His 3rd calling is at the 3rd Heaven where Paul the Apostle saw unspeakable riches and things so wonderful that words cannot be given to them. The Messiah - leading by example to His Students - went into the Wilderness and fasted 40 days and 40 nights. He was then tested
by the Evil One 3 times, each according to the 3 Heavens.
"Man cannot live on bread alone, but every Word that proceeds out of the mouth of God."
To be Tabernacled is to hold all the furnishings, along with the Ark of the Covenant which is mysteriously embedded into our intelligence. No folks, there will be no biblical artifacts ever found - no not one - If you would like to find Noah's Ark, look inside of yourself and see if the Way is there. In fact if you would like a material for the Ark, try papyrus - something that can be written on because it is the Word of God that the Ark relates to and the mysterious 3 Ways to the Messiah. Of course there is only one Way, but there are three heights to which one has to go to get to Him.
"The greatest shall be the least and the least shall be the greatest."
So you think God gives an equal inheritance to all in Heaven, but the above statement from the Messiah differs. The riches in Heaven that moth, rust or thieves cannot touch are permanent, and God does indeed give one the opportunity to barter with Him for the souls of the lost. This is why we, as students, are to keep our minds completely on Him and His Word - the Holy Scriptures, this is where the True Freedom in Christ comes to the fore, we are to ignore the world because what we have given up for His Name - He will give back 100, 60, and 30 times more. Those who fast for long periods of time so that their minds come under the influence of the Holy Spirit - so that they can learn faster with the mind being pulled upwards - do you think that they have suffered in vain because God shares out equally? Or does God reward according to Faith? Christ was celibate regardless of all the nonsense in the world today, He was sinless and the only one in history able to accomplish what he did. But the Messiah did it all so that His students also have the ability to follow in His footsteps according to the MAP.
A split second before a person receives the Seed of life and awakens, the Scriptures are useless. likewise, a split second after a person is physically dead the Scriptures are again completely useless. Therefore, common sense says that everything in all the Scriptures must be fulfilled in a persons own lifetime. In other words, the Creation, the Flood, the Exodus, the Wilderness, the Cross etc - from the Beginning to the End must be fulfilled from the moment a person realises that he is at the beginning of the Way. It is at this point only when you will know what a new heaven and a new earth really is.
Now we have the 2 lights, the Greater light to rule the Day, and the lesser light to rule the Night. In this temporal Universe they mean the Sun and Moon, but in the Kingdom of Heaven they refer to something else. Son, (Christ), and Moses is the starting point, and if you have trouble with the word Son, use Seeds of light instead. Both of the lights are hidden from man, and are only revealed through Holy Scripture to those designated to enter the empty and void place - the Wilderness. Holy means fully, complete
and perfect from fragments of knowledge given by God, and then being reconstituted from fragments of knowledge into the full blown Truth. (Hence, the Breath and Word of God)
"We know in part now, but the time will come when we will know fully."
That time became a reality in the 4th Century when the Scriptures were put together for the first time. Now all things are different to the Way God works today. All the characters in the Scriptures were real people playing their own parts in God's majestic Plan. It is impossible to re-enact the events that happened in the Scriptures because they mean something else now. For instance, the Lesser Light is Moses, and his light comes from the Son, the Messiah. The Greater Light is the Messiah who opens the mind to Moses by Raising one's mind upwards to the upper levels. At the time of the 'New Moon' (Moon is hidden) and the 'Full Moon,' both Moses and the Messiah join together at the upper level drawing the mind upwards to themselves, just as the physical Sun and Moon pull the waters upwards to themselves. The Storms of Learning happen when the Student enters boldly, being full of God's faith, the door to the Long Bridge that one has to cross to Salvation.
The Human brain is designed to take in vast amounts of information, but the body is greedy for other things that are completely irrelevant to knowledge. Every atom in the Universe is refuse to God, because He is Spirit. When the atoms join together to form molecules, all sorts of shapes and sizes of objects materialize. Everything we see and touch is the remnant of stars, and Abraham knew this because he was not restricted to material telescopes or microscopes. Abraham was taught by God, and after suffering enormous pains and torments, Abraham reflected on his marvellous knowledge that God had given him, but he also reflected on how his flesh is of little importance to the Grand Plan of God:
"I am but dust and ashes."
The body is a remarkable city of engineering precision, with buildings such as the eyes for one, and full of technological genius. All the parts of the body join together to form the most complex creation of all, Man. The body has enough power in it and with the right training through the Holy Scriptures, one is not only given the ability to see the Hidden Moses and the Hidden Christ, but the ability to see what one is really like inside. God is not restricted by time and where the Scripture says that He made man in His 'Own Image' He was looking at the finished product. This product is the real man - the inner man.
1st in Hebrew, 2nd in Greek and 3rd in Roman, (that which is twinned), is an historic way of following the MAP.
1st in Hebrew, 2nd in Greek and 3rd in English, is the easiest way of following the MAP.
When the Scriptures reference 1st to the Hebrew then to the Greek, they then go on to say 'Written in Hebrew and Greek and Roman' they are saying that the Hebrew and the Greek come together where translation is concerned, because 'Roman' is relative to being twinned, that is, Romulus and Remus (twins) on whom Rome was founded. So begin with the Hebrew and search until you find out why the Scribes of old translated into Greek in sometimes different and yet fuller ways as if putting an extension into the Hebrew meanings. | <urn:uuid:bbd9ed4a-a1af-4168-9c79-1b2e221d5c2b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thethreetaverns.co.uk/htmldocs/latestdocs/genesis.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.974179 | 4,094 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Herbs and Healers from the Ancient Mediterranean through the Medieval West brings together eleven papers by leading scholars in ancient and medieval medicine and pharmacy. Fittingly, the volume honors Professor John M. Riddle, one of today's most respected medieval historians, whose career has been devoted to decoding the complexities of early medicine and pharmacy. "Herbs" in the title generally connotes drugs in ancient and medieval times; the essays here discuss interesting aspects of the challenges scholars face as they translate and interpret texts in several older languages. Some of the healers in the volume are named, such as Philotas of Amphissa, Gariopontus, and Constantine the African; many are anonymous and known only from their treatises on drugs and/or medicine. The volume's scope demonstrates the breadth of current research being undertaken in the field, examining both practical medical arts and medical theory from the ancient world into early modern times. It also includes a paper about a cutting-edge Internet-based system for ongoing academic collaboration. The essays in this volume reveal insightful research approaches and highlight new discoveries that will be of interest to the international academic community of classicists, medievalists, and early-modernists because of the scarcity of publications objectively evaluating long-lived traditions that have their origin in the world of the ancient Mediterranean.
|Author||Anne Van Arsdall|
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The UK’s leading motorbike trader, We Buy Any Bike would like to thank Ashley for sharing these top Motorbike Maintenance tips with our readers! If you would like to know more about the services that bike trader, WeBuyAnyBike provide; click here!
Owning a motorbike is a dream-come-true for many. Beyond genuine passion, purchasing a motorbike is a major investment. If you are truly a bike lover, you know that it is not merely enough to buy a good bike; it also important to maintain one. Practising regular bike maintenance not only makes your bike last longer, it actually makes you understand the nuances of your bike better.
Fortunately, bike maintenance is not a gruelling task. With a few basic tricks and tips, you can optimize your bike experience—to the extent that your secondhand motorbike may work better than someone else’s firsthand one.
Here is a list of some motorbike maintenance techniques, and some accessories that are essential for any motorcyclist:
Changing the engine oil
One of the most important things you can do to increase the road-life of your bike is to change the engine oil regularly. The gears of your bike need to cool down sufficiently, and it isn’t always possible if you motorbike long routes, or have a hectic job on your motorcycle. But one way of regulating the temperature is to keep changing your engine oil. This keeps your engine and gears lubricated, which in turn, ensures that both worth smoothly and last longer. Usually, there is a recommended schedule for how frequently you should be changing the oil, which varies from bike to bike. Find out yours from the handbook you received with your bike.
Changing the spark plugs
Similarly, a part that gets less attention, but should be changed regularly is spark plugs. The spark plug is what causes the spark that ignites and switches on your bike. Most owners are not very regular with this change, but failing to do this can cause hold ups and problems when you least expect it. Check your motorbike handbook to see how frequently this should be changed. If applicable to your bike, you can use the upgraded iridium spark plug, which can give 16000 km more to your bike.
Cleaning your bike
Regardless of how frequently you take out your motorbike, the one part of motorbike maintenance that you cannot skip is motorbike cleaning. There are comprehensive steps to effective cleanliness. Among the most important things you have to remember is to avoid heat while washing down your bike. Do not do it outside on a hot day or just after a motorcycling journey. You can use a jack or lift for effective cleaning without giving pain to your neck. Also, instead of using scrap cloth, use a soft cloth cleaner to prevent scratches on the body of your bike.
Waxing Your Bike
Another important step for motorbike maintenance is waxing your bike. There are specifications as to how to best wax your bike. Ideally, you should follow up every cleaning session with waxing your motorcycle. Not only does it give your bike a good, shiny finish, it actually ensures that your bike is well-protected from bad weather, dirt and dust.
Checking your tires
While cleaning your bike weekly, another thing you should do is check your tires to see whether the air pressure is within the recommended range. If the tire is under-inflated, it is likely to produce a lot of heat, causing your bike tire to wear out. If you find that the tread depth of your bike is down by 1 to 2 mm, it is a good time to change your tires.
Keeping your bike chain lubricated
Your bike chain has an important job: it transfers power from the engine to the rear wheel. Obviously, the movement of the chain means that a lot of heat and power is generated. To negate the heat generated (and consequently, damage caused), keep the bike chain lubricated. A well-lubricated bike chain can last for as long as 48000 km. Another important thing you can do to make the chain last longer is to purchase a chain guard. This valuable accessory protects your chain from wear and tear and protects your limbs in an accident.
Investing in a Bash Plate
Beyond regular maintenance of your bike, there are some measures you can take to ensure your bike against damage. It is quite common that in an accident, the internal systems of your bike collapse or get destroyed. By providing some extraskeletal and body support to your bike, you can prevent this from happening. Bash plates protect your engines and its internal parts from getting damaged. This extra buffer means that your bike is less likely to need massive repairs in an accident. Installing accessories like the bash plate is an important part of maintaining your bike.
Stopping while riding
Many riders tend to tip the limits of riding while on an open road. While your bike may be able to ride the stairway to heaven, ultimately, you will have to brake and stop to make way for someone else… These stops tend to be sudden, putting unnatural pressure on the brakes. Beyond possible accidents, this pressure can cost your system, especially if you do not regularly change the braking fluid.
Aligning your bike properly
For most motorcyclists, the daily road is peppered with unexpected speed breakers, potholes, and may be slippery or unexpectedly rocky. Bumping into this can throw your bike off unexpectedly and misalign the wheels of your bike. This makes steering difficult and increases the likelihood of an accident. To maintain your bike properly, take it to a mechanic once a month to have them check this.
Maintenance on your battery
One of the major reasons why motorcycles fail to run is because their batteries are not properly cared for. There are some ways in which you can check whether your battery needs attention. Ideally, you should check the battery once a month. To ensure the fluid working of your battery, clean its exhaust pipes, maintain its electrolyte levels, clean any dirt or grime that may have collected on it. You should also regularly charge the battery of your motorcycle, even if you use your motorcycle infrequently.
Motorcycling is one of the most thrilling, yet challenging things to do in the world. Maintaining the upkeep of your bike can ease the process, even honing your expertise as a rider. It is finally up to you to ensure that your biking experience is smooth. Motorbike maintenance may not be the best parts of riding a bike. But it is these easy parts that ensure that you have the time of your life on your bike.
Ashley is a former journalist who quit her job to pursue her wanderlust and meet new people around the globe. She always prioritizes motorcycle trips. She tries to pen down her entire travelling experience and has been a constant contributor to bboffroad.com.au | <urn:uuid:d255487c-3c5d-4019-88ca-4012257397a3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://webuyanybike.com/blog/motorbike-maintenance-tips/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.951468 | 1,415 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy.
Six days shalt thou labor and do all thy work:
But the seventh day is the sabbath of the Lord thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates:
For in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the Lord blessed the sabbath day and hallowed it.
Sunday is the first day of the week. Which day is the seventh? | <urn:uuid:20b1c888-2708-4c7b-9a6d-c89678293ed6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://a-blast.org/blast/week.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.892434 | 146 | 2.34375 | 2 |
Uber Eats has made its first delivery in space handing out food to astronauts in the International Space Station (ISS).
The company teamed up with Japanese entrepreneur and delivery superfan, Yusaku Maezawa, to hand deliver ready-to-eat canned Japanese dishes to the astronauts at the space station.
The delivery was made on December 11, having traveled 248 miles and 8 hours and 34 minutes since Maezawa’s departure from Earth.
“This delivery marks one giant leap for Uber as we’re committed to helping people go anywhere and get anything — now, including space.”, Uber stated.
The dishes included boiled mackerel in miso, beef bowl cooked in sweet sauce, simmered chicken with bamboo shoots and braised pork – a welcome break from standard space food.
Uber Eats offered $10 off $20 and over orders from December 13-19 to the first 24,800 people with promo code SPACEFOOD to celebrate the distance from Earth to the ISS. | <urn:uuid:76bd5170-49fe-4180-8cc6-c11680cff71e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pakistanreaders.net/uber-eats-makes-first-food-delivery-to-space/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.951168 | 208 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Hungarian director Laszlo Nemes makes an auspicious debut with this harrowing portrait of life and death at Auschwitz-Birkenau that also becomes a tale of redemption for one of its Jewish prisoners. And Saul (Geza Rohrig) is more than just a prisoner: he’s one of the Sonderkommandos, inmates who, in return for some paltry privileges and a chance to live a bit longer, herd those selected for execution into the gas chambers, collect their clothes and valuables and then take their corpses to the crematoria for disposal (and clean up the ashes). As some commentators have observed, the system was one that only increased the barbarity of Nazi methods, since in a way it tried to make the prisoners themselves complicit in the fulfillment of the Final Solution.
The opening sequence of the film—in which cinematographer Matyas Erdely, utilizing the old, square aspect ratio that concentrates our eyes on a limited perspective, rigorously follows Saul as he engages in his grisly work, keeping the focus on him as the horrors occur just out of reach visually (though we can hear the screams of the dying)—is incredibly gripping, and that same claustrophobic effect continues throughout the film, which never leaves Saul’s presence. The effect is almost of a single tracking shot that makes it impossible for us to look away from Saul even as our view remains limited by his experience, the terrors of which, of course, he strains to minimize.
But in that first sequence at the gas chamber something extraordinary happens: a young boy, who should have been killed by the fumes, has just barely survived. The camp doctors are astonished, and quickly finish the job; but they intend an autopsy to try to determine how the youth could have escaped death. More astoundingly, Saul recognizes the boy as his son, or at least says that he does; and he’s determined both that the body will not be desecrated and that he will find among the prisoners a rabbi to say the Kaddish over it. That quest becomes so all-consuming that Saul brushes aside demands that he join in an uprising the other Sonderkommandos are planning, since their term of service are coming to an end and they are scheduled to be liquidated and replaced. (That aspect of the plot situates the tale in early October, 1944, quite late in the war—a fact confirmed by Saul’s Hungarian nationality, since the roundup of Jews from that country was delayed until spring of that year.)
Clearly for Saul the desire to honor this one body with a proper burial is more than a chance decision, or even a father’s desire to see that his son’s corpse is treated rightly. It’s a means by which Saul can, in some small measure, atone for his role in the camp’s grisly work, a reassertion of his humanity, and of his Jewish identity, in the face of the profound evil that he feels he’s collaborated in. Whether the boy is truly his biological son is immaterial—for Saul he represents every Jew, and the need to recover to some degree the dignity that has been ripped from them all.
Of course no single story—whether it be Spielberg’s “Schindler’s List” on the screen or Elie Wiesel’s “Night” on the page—can encompass the full horror of the Holocaust, and “Son of Saul” is no exception; Nemes realizes this, as the intense focus on a single man, both narratively and visually, suggests. Whether the redemption scenario can bear the weight of meaning Nemes places upon it is debatable. Still, he and his co-writer Clara Royer have adroitly employed the film’s concentration to point toward a larger perspective. By including the references to the prisoner rebellion of October 7, for example, they raise the issue of the types of resistance that individuals could choose—violent, as in the case of the rebels, or spiritual, as with Saul. And by alluding to the imminent execution of the Sonderkommando unit within the same context, the film points up the fanaticism of the Nazis in trying to complete their genocidal mission even as the Soviets were pushing further and further into Eastern Europe. So while “Son of Saul” necessarily presents a limited viewpoint, it’s one that encourages the viewer to think beyond it.
And within that perspective, it’s extraordinarily powerful, the combination of Nemes’ kinetic direction, Laszlo Rajk’s grimly evocative production design, Erdely’s subtle camerawork (which reveals a great deal at the margins of the boxy frame), Tamas Zanyi’s sound design (which tells much that the visuals don’t explicitly show and creates a cacophony of languages and ambient noise) and Rohrig’s intense performance carrying us along on an emotional whirlwind. The supporting cast does uniformly excellent work, but their contributions are like pieces of a mosaic in which Rohrig is the dominant figure.
There’s no question that “Son of Saul” is difficult to watch. But there’s no question that it’s worth watching. | <urn:uuid:a6872b2f-80c3-4f91-bd43-abd4234ce563> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.oneguysopinion.com/son-of-saul/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.961124 | 1,110 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Every so often, there’s a psychology topic that gets a lot of attention on social and popular media. Right now, the topic of boundaries is having a major moment. And as a psychologist, I’m 100 percent here for it. But lately, I’ve noticed that something important is missing from the boundaries conversation. Its absence leads people to be confused about what boundaries are and how the heck the go about setting them. So I’m setting the record straight on boundaries, telling you what almost no one else will.
But first, let’s get clear on what we mean when we talk about boundaries. Simply stated, boundaries are limits that you set to protect yourself. You can set boundaries with others, with yourself, with your time, and with your energy. Anything that’s precious or important is worthy of boundaries. And if I had to name one word that’s almost always used in conjunction with boundaries, it’s the word “setting.” Setting boundaries. We hear these two words together all the time. Setting boundaries is the act of putting a limit in place. And generally speaking, setting boundaries is acknowledged as a hard thing to do.
Setting boundaries might involve telling someone you care about that they can’t continue a behavior around you. It might be telling your boss that you won’t answer emails after hours. It might mean telling yourself that you won’t spend more than a certain amount of time on social media each week.
These are all examples of setting boundaries. And they’re difficult, because they’re aimed at changing something. And well, change is hard. So drawing that line? Acknowledging the behavior that must change? Sure, that can be tough. But what people don’t realize about boundaries is that setting them isn’t the hard part. Not at all. The hardest part about boundaries isn’t setting them; it’s holding them.
Holding boundaries means sticking to the limits that you set. It involves enforcing consequences and not backing down, no matter how much resistance or push back you get. (And for the record, you’re definitely going to get pushback!) So this is where the hard part comes in. The part that no one talks about. Holding boundaries.
Let me give you an example. I’m the very proud mama of an energetic two-year-old. He is constantly exploring and learning about the world and all the things in it. One of his newest discoveries? The incredible way his milk flies out of his sippy cup if he bangs it on his high chair tray during mealtime.
A few moments after sitting in his chair, the banging starts. In my calmest and most matter-of-fact mom voice, I say, “Hey buddy, cups are for drinking, not for banging, ok? If you bang your cup again, mama’s going to take it away until breakfast is served. He nods enthusiastically, hearing my boundary. But then two seconds later, what do I hear? Bang bang bang! The milk flies in the air, and he quickly looks up at me.
Here comes the hard part. “Hey buddy, I said if you banged your cup again, I was going to take it away until breakfast. So, mama is going to take your cup now.” His grip tightens, his eyes widen, and as I take the sippy cup out of his hands, the crying begins.
My son was quite calm when I set the boundary, but he was very unhappy when I held it.
Imagine opening a package of Oreos and telling yourself you’re only going to eat two cookies. You set your boundary saying, “I’m only going to have two Oreos.” But after you eat those two cookies, and you see that entire sleeve of Oreos, perfectly lined up in the package and calling your name? That’s the hard part. Saying you’re only going to have two Oreos is the easy part. Sticking to it, is the hard part.
I don’t think we make the distinction between setting and holding boundaries enough. And this creates an unrealistic expectation. It suggests that you’re going to set your limits, draw your line, and then that’s it.
But I’m going to tell you right now, it’s very unlikely that people will immediately and fully respect your boundary. If that were the case, you wouldn’t have had to set it in the first place.
So, when you set a boundary, know this. You’re going to get push back. You’re going to get judgement. And you’re not going to get the magically supportive response you hoped for. Setting the boundary is an important first step. But it’s not the hardest. And it’s not the most important. Holding that boundary, staying firm on what you asked for? That’s the hard part.
When you set a boundary, your toddler might yell. Your friends might give you a hard time. Your boss might try to pressure you to work just a few more hours. This pushback? It’s what happens when you set healthy boundaries. So now? The hard part? And the real work. Holding firm on that boundary, no matter what pushback you get.
If you are working on boundaries in your life and in your relationships and you’re wondering why they’re not magically working. Why they’re not being respected? Let me remind you, boundaries is a complex process, and its about a lot more than the setting. So set that boundary and then be ready to hold it. Be ready to receive some pushback and some criticism and some temptation. But know that if you’re experieicng that, it means you’re doing something right. You’re tolerating short term discomfort for a longer term goal. And that is so dang worth it.
Set those boundaries y’all. And then be ready for the hard part. Holding them. You can do hard things, I believe in you, and I’m here for you. | <urn:uuid:1abf0128-531f-4b20-afc3-c1b81dce1b5f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://drallisonanswers.com/relationships/what-no-one-will-tell-you-about-boundaries-a-psychologist-keeps-it-real/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.959796 | 1,313 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Have you ever been stuck in the crossfire between wired and wireless devices? Are you also confused between which headphones to pick? Whether to use WiFi or LAN? Whether to buy a wireless mouse for your high precision games or not?
To say the truth, a wired connection will always be more stable than a wireless one. Data is best transferred over a wire. Be it headphones, peripherals, or network packets, wired will always be the fastest and most stable way to communicate.
But this doesn’t leave wireless to the user’s dismay. Wireless technology has been picking up the pace. Modern day wireless peripherals are so good that the average consumer doesn’t even notice any difference.
Same goes for networks. Newer WiFi standards are almost as stable and secure as a wired LAN connection. The data transfer speeds are also almost the same.
Gimmicks and Strengths
Wired and wireless systems both have their own gimmicks. You just have to decide what you want.
With wired systems, there’s a wire to be dealt with, obviously. In case of wireless, while you get the convenience of being free, eventually the battery will pull you to a wall socket.
This is by far the biggest, most common issue with wireless peripherals. They run on batteries. Batteries which drain, run out, and are never charged when you need them the most.
Imagine going on a road trip and forgetting to charge your headphones. Isn’t that a nightmare? Wires solve these problems, but wires are a problem themselves sometimes.
Headphones/Earphones are the gadgets where this whole wired or wireless conversation really sounds out. Wired headphones will almost always have the best audio quality and universal compatibility.
Same goes for other peripherals like keyboards and mice. A wired mouse will be more responsive (even if almost negligible though), than a wireless one.
The compatibility part is fading a bit with the continued disappearance of the headphone jack from smartphones, but professionally, wired is still the way to go. Besides, you always get the adaptor inside the box anyway.
Wireless accessories also tend to be a bit expensive. So budget can also be a deciding factor.
Which one should you choose?
In any field, where absolute reliability is required in terms of performance and security, wired connections are still used at large. From high-end gaming peripherals to low latency networks, wires are still there.
Everywhere else though, wireless is fast taking over. Wireless systems are simply far more convenient for the everyday consumer.
It basically boils down to this: If you want nothing but absolute performance, wired. Otherwise, wireless has become a really well option, with more improvements to follow.
Also read: Everything you need to know about Bluetooth
Someone who writes/edits/shoots/hosts all things tech and when he’s not, streams himself racing virtual cars. You can reach out to Yadullah at [email protected], or follow him on Instagram or Twitter. | <urn:uuid:cccf0c3a-6960-436c-89cc-94524614dd5f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://candid.technology/peripherals-accessories-networks-wired-vs-wireless/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.946902 | 623 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Map of Nova Scotia, or Acadia; with the islands of Cape Breton and St. John's, from actual surveys
Printed map; north sheet. "By Captn. Montresor, Engir." Visual scale on south sheet [245 mm=60 miles]. Shows administrative boundaries on St. John's Island. Includes ornate presentation of statement of dedication to "John Manners, Marquis of Granby". | <urn:uuid:d626dc1f-cf4e-4489-9d72-e98980d96ed5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://digitalarchive.mcmaster.ca/islandora/object/macrepo%3A81600 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.76267 | 89 | 1.664063 | 2 |
In recent months and weeks, the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI) has consistently called for dialogue as the most effective way out of the protracted political crisis.
Meaningful dialogue among all Iraqi parties is now more urgent than ever, as recent events have demonstrated the rapid risk of escalation in this tense political climate. While parties assert the importance of democratic basics such as constitutional compliance and respect for state institutions, these are increasingly not observed. Their failure to move forward has had a clear adverse effect on public trust.
No party or group can claim that the crisis does not involve them or affect them. The need to find solutions through an all-inclusive dialogue is evident. In its absence, the state of Iraq will continue to be dominated by competing interests, leading to further instability, with the people paying the price.
Such a scenario is simply intolerable. Within this context, UNAMI welcomes recent calls for national dialogue, and commends the expressions of support from across the political spectrum. We appeal to all actors to commit, actively engage and agree on solutions without delay.
Moreover, moving from words to deeds will now prove essential. Iraq cannot afford another national dialogue to go in vain. Iraqis do not need continued power struggles or stand-offs. They need solutions, and a commitment to implementing them, to draw their country out of its political crisis.
Iraq is facing an extensive list of outstanding domestic issues: it is in desperate need of economic reform, effective public service delivery as well as a federal budget - to name a few. Hence, it is past time for political stakeholders to assume their responsibilities and act in the national interest.
The United Nations stands, as always, ready to support and assist. | <urn:uuid:76fe2d5a-c42b-4ae8-9d80-89ca905b48f4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.iraq-businessnews.com/2022/08/04/un-calls-for-solutions-to-iraq-political-crisis/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.958125 | 353 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Money drives politics. Politicians thrive on big-money donations that pay for advertising and messaging, which gets them name recognition…and the votes to get them in office.
Obamacare provides tens of billions of dollars to insurance companies, in subsidies and forced ‘participation’ in buying plans, driving up premiums and out-of-pocket costs.
No politician – taking cash and in-kind donation$ from insurance companies – will vote to kill a CASH-COW system that guarantees insurance companies their big bucks.
Because, by doing so, politicians would lose the huge cash infusion from those donors.
The solution? An executive pen…
By executive action, President Trump can stop the money flowing to insurers, and kill the mandate that forces purchasing, which turns off the cash spigot they’ve enjoyed.
Making Obamacare toxic to insurers eliminates the fear politicians have to repeal it. | <urn:uuid:dc11f84c-997b-4d16-8177-b143689a6680> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://bluecollarperspective.net/?p=13046 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.954644 | 185 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Jul 06, 2022 | 3 min read
Maneesh Jain leads Mirvie’s efforts to develop the first test to predict pregnancy complications by revealing the underlying biology of pregnancy health. As a proven life-science entrepreneur, Maneesh has served in founding, executive, and board roles at transformational biotech startups addressing large unmet needs for more than two decades. He has helped pioneer the first platforms to create more accessible next generation sequencing (Ion Torrent) and medical ultrasound imaging (Butterfly Network), as well as the first liquid biopsy plasma test for the early detection of cancer (Cirina and Grail).
Close to 4 million patients give birth each year in the US, and prenatal care is considered one of the most common health services in the nation. Despite widespread innovation across health care, clinicians still lack modern tools and technology to provide preventive and personalized care to moms and expecting parents—and they deserve better.
Today, one in five women is impacted by pregnancy complications like preeclampsia, preterm birth, and gestational diabetes, which can often result in threatening consequences for both moms and babies. In today’s standard of care, which relies on generalized risk assessments based on factors such as pregnancy history, race, BMI, ethnicity, and medical history, only 20 percent of pregnancy complications can be predicted. That means 80 percent of potential complications are missed when using these types of assessments. At the same time, maternal mortality in the US is climbing, with recent reports from the CDC noting the mortality rate jumped from 20.1 per 100,000 live births in 2019 to 23.8 in 2020.
Perhaps the biggest contributor to this issue is that pregnancy health care has historically been understudied and underfunded—in fact, our current prenatal care model has remained largely the same since 1930. Not only is pregnancy health care lacking in modernization, but there are also significant barriers to prenatal care for younger people, people of color, low-income individuals, linguistic minorities, and other marginalized groups in the US According to the Kaiser Family Foundation, Black and American Indian/Alaskan Native women have pregnancy-related mortality rates three and two times higher, respectively, than their White counterparts. All women are at risk of pregnancy complications, regardless of their background, and complications often result in lifelong consequences for both mom and baby. Women, especially those from underserved communities, face these consequences due in part to an already broken health care system.
COVID-19 reshaped much of the health care landscape as we know it, emphasizing consumer demand for equitable access to care and igniting individuals to pursue a deeper understanding of their personal health. The pandemic has also shed light on the gaps present in our health care systems, including those present within pregnancy health, but we know change is possible.
Predictive technologies have advanced in recent years in sectors such as oncology, with early detection of cancer possible through liquid biopsy, and there is nothing stopping the pregnancy health care field from leveraging this type of technology. Specifically, by leveraging RNA in a similar way to what powers COVID-19 vaccines—we can reveal a fundamental understanding of the underlying biology of each unique pregnancy, including pregnancy complications, by analyzing the tens of thousands of RNA messages from the baby, the placenta, and the mom, which drive dramatic changes in pregnancy. By doing so, we can unlock the type of personalized knowledge moms and expecting parents need to understand their unique pregnancy and determine their risk for complications. We also open a window for providers to implement preventive and proactive treatments.
Now is the time for pregnancy health care to progress and catch up to other specialties. I’m optimistic about the future and the incredible technologies that we can provide to mothers and their health care providers. Ultimately, we have the tools in our hands to better tackle pregnancy complications. This is an exciting time for health care and science, and we are committed to this historic opportunity to modernize pregnancy health and empower moms and expecting parents to take control of their health and well-being. | <urn:uuid:7a1d254f-155e-4fad-8090-616c3da90e64> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.clinicallab.com/moving-pregnancy-health-toward-proactive-and-preventive-care-26581 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.957181 | 823 | 2.546875 | 3 |
Why Do I Need Mobile Security
At McAfee, we have seen a rapid growth in threats against mobile devices. Cybercriminals are attracted by the richness of data available from our mobile devices, such as banking credentials, photos, and sensitive personal information. That is why we put security at your fingertips providing peace of mind to you for your personal digital life. McAfee Mobile Security combines industry-leading security and award-winning antivirus with anti-theft protection into an all-encompassing integrated bundle, so you can prevent malicious activities, protect your online privacy, and recover from a lost or stolen device.
The Best Android Antivirus App Of 2021
ByDarren Allanlast updated 4 January 21
Android malware isn’t going anywhere – make sure you’re safe
Having the best Android antivirus app installed on your smartphone or tablet is essential. After all, Android is the most widely-used operating system in the world, and that means it can be a big target for malicious users.
We do so much with our Android devices – such as mobile banking and shopping – that getting malware on your smartphone or tablet could be incredibly serious indeed, which is why it’s vital to install one of the best Android antivirus apps you’ll find on this page.
In this article, were going to highlight 10 of the best Android antivirus apps in 2020 – a few of which are completely FREE apps to download.
Many of them do much more than run automatic scans, and theyll actively try to prevent malicious web pages and files from being opened or downloaded in the first place. The easy way to protect your Android phone or tablet.
- Check out the best Android VPN for another great way to stay safe online
Best For Wealth Of Bonus Features
- Excellent scores in our antiphishing and malicious URL blocking tests
- Many useful security features
- Protection for macOS beyond the basics
- Unusually feature-rich iOS protection
- Poor score in hands-on malware protection test
- Parental control weak on some platforms
- Excellent scores in multiple independent lab tests and on our hands-on tests
- Includes webcam, data, and firewall protection
- Improved system performance
- Did not prevent a ransomware sample from running at startup during testing
- Initial and boot-time scan are slow
- Includes Pro editions of all current and future Avira tools
- Protection for Windows, macOS, Android, and iOS devices
- No-limits VPN
- Lacks many expected suite features
- Browser-independent Web Protection feature seriously ineffective
- So-so scores in our hands-on testing
- Some bonus features still require separate payment
- Protection relatively limited on macOS
- Protection very limited on iOS
- Some features require additional purchases
- Very good antivirus lab scores
- Protection for Windows, macOS, and Android
- File encryption system
- LiveGuard component aims to foil zero-day threats
- Password manager lacks advanced features
- No secure deletion for originals after encryption
- Poor parental control on macOSta
- Supports Windows, macOS, Android, and iOS
- Remote account management
- Finder for lost mobile devices
- Effectively blocks malicious and fraudulent sites
- Protection for banking transactions
Read Also: Reasons Why Iphone Is Better Than Android
The Best Android Antivirus In 2021 Is:
Reasons to avoid
Bitdefender Mobile Security offers excellent protection for your Android device, with a raft of features including anti-theft, and top-notch antivirus capabilities. In fact, this android antivirus mobile app got full marks in the latest AV-Test roundup, and AV-Comparatives observed a protection rate of 99.9%. Thats impressive indeed.
Mobile Security gives you real-time protection for Googles Chrome browser, and an autopilot feature that claims to be capable of making intelligent recommendations for security actions depending on your system and typical usage pattern.
Theres also a nifty privacy advisor tool that adds a layer of security to your smartwatch via its WearOn technology, which alerts you if you accidentally leave your phone behind – clever stuff.
Another interesting extra is a bundled VPN, although dont get too excited. The provided version is restricted to extremely light use at just 200MB daily, but still, that could be useful in a pinch.
As mentioned, there are anti-theft capabilities here, and Bitdefender Mobile Security allows you to remotely locate and lock your device, or send a message to the phone or tablet . Its also possible to completely wipe the device remotely if you so choose.
There are a lot of features on offer here, then, and the asking price is more than reasonable to cover a single Android device for a year .
Reasons to avoid
Reasons to avoid
Reasons to avoid
Reasons to avoid
Reasons to avoid
Reasons to avoid
Mcafee Mobile Security Review: Bottom Line
McAfee has a few clever ideas and a refreshingly simple setup process. But unless you are willing to put up with ads to stick with the free version, there’s simply no reason to opt for McAfee Mobile Security over Bitdefender Mobile Security or Norton Mobile Security as a paid solution among the best Android antivirus apps.
A self-professed “wearer of wearables,” Sean Riley is a Senior Writer for Laptop Mag who has been covering tech for more than a decade. He specializes in covering phones and, of course, wearable tech, but has also written about tablets, VR, laptops, and smart home devices, to name but a few. His articles have also appeared in Tom’s Guide, TechTarget, Phandroid, and more.
Read Also: Ios App To Android App Converter
How I Rated The Best Free Antivirus Apps For Android:
- 100% free. Many antivirus companies try to trick users with a free trial. Users get comfortable using the app and then forget that they need to cancel before the trial is over, so they end up paying. If you know youre going to buy a mobile antivirus from a reputable company, a free trial is a great way to test out the service before you buy it. Otherwise, its just a marketing tactic to get you to download the app and hope that you forget to cancel before the trial period is over. All of my top 5 free antiviruses here are actually free.
- Security. I downloaded hundreds of Android-specific malware files, sketchy apps, and even ransomware files to ensure that the antivirus apps I recommend are able to detect and remove all types of malware. I also tested internet security features like anti-phishing protection and Wi-Fi scanners to ensure these products can keep Androids safe from the latest web-based threats.
- Performance. Nothing is worse than a security app that drains your battery and kills your Androids performance. I made sure all of the apps I recommend can increase your security without crashing your phone or tablet.
- Ease of use. I tested each feature to ensure that these apps make their features easy to access and understand for all users. All of the apps on this list also provide good integration with Android OS and Chrome OS.
What Are The Best Android Antivirus Apps
The best Android antivirus app, based on our tests, is Bitdefender Mobile Security , which offers nearly flawless malware protection and a wide range of features.
Norton Mobile Security has even better protection. Sadly for us, Norton has discontinued the excellent free tier of Norton Mobile Security and its anti-theft features, so you’ll have to pay something to get any protection.
Google has deleted 151 scam Android apps, but 10 million people will have to remove them manually.
New Android malware roots phones using five known security flaws, using apps that seem to work fine.
Several apps found in the Google Play Store were found to be harboring the Joker malware.
Avast Mobile Security and McAfee Mobile Security offer a lot of features for free and do fairly well in malware-detection tests. But Avast’s anti-theft and call-blocking tools didn’t work well, and both apps show lot of ads unless you pay them not to.
The free version of Kaspersky Mobile Antivirus has no ads, and its call-blocking and anti-theft features work well. Its malware protection is very good, but it lacks a Wi-Fi network-security scanner.
Lookout Security & Antivirus was one of the first mobile antivirus apps and has a compelling identity-protection option. Yet there’s little third-party lab-test data on Lookout’s antivirus efficiency, so we don’t really know how well it protects against malware.
- More: Stay protected with the best Android VPN apps
Read Also: What Is Cloud App On Android
Mcafee Plans And Pricing
McAfee offers a range of different payment plans based on how many devices you want to protect. Unfortunately, theres no free version for desktop, although there is a basic free app version for Android and iOS.
And if youre unsure whether or not you want to sign up to McAfee, you can test run McAfees Total Protection plan on a free 30-day trial. You dont even have to put in any card details. At the end of the 30 days, youll simply lose access to the app unless you pay to keep it.
Confusingly, McAfees two security packages, Total Protection and LiveSafe, look pretty similar. McAfees own website doesnt clearly lay out the differences between them. So its not that easy to make an informed decision about which to go for. Luckily, weve done a deep dive to find out the difference between McAfee Total Protection and McAfee LiveSafe to help you decide which one is right for you.
McAfee Total Protection offers three different plans based on the number of devices you need:
- Single Device supports one device for $29.99 for the first year
- Individuals supports up to five devices for $34.99 for the first year
- Family supports up to 10 devices for $39.99 for the first year
Nowadays, when most of us use multiple devices, the Single Device plan doesnt seem all that useful. But if youve already got security built into your phone or you just want antivirus protection for a PC, this plan might be sufficient for you.
The Best Android Antivirus Apps In 2021
ByPaul Wagenseilpublished 1 December 21
If you’re an Android user, you need to have one of the best Android antivirus apps installed to protect your phone or tablet from corrupted apps and other kinds of malware.
However, your choices are far from limited. The best Android antivirus apps offer not only top-notch malware detection and prevention, but a range of privacy and anti-theft features. Most have a free tier, and some are entirely free.
Some of the best Android antivirus apps will back up your contacts and other data, track your phone or tablet via GPS, snap a picture of a phone thief with the device’s camera and even use your Wear OS smartwatch to locate your phone.
We’ve rounded up the biggest names in mobile antivirus protection Avast, Bitdefender, Kaspersky, Lookout, McAfee, Norton and Google itself and rated their Android apps based on setup, interface, usability, extra features and, of course, their anti-malware chops.
To gauge security protection, we used data from AV-Test, an independent German lab that rates most major security apps on their ability to detect malware and other threats. We also used the Geekbench 4 app to measure the impact these apps have on overall Android performance.
Also Check: How To Develop An App For Android Free
Free Safety Features And Tools
Anti-TheftMcAfee Mobile Security incorporates a solid assortment of anti-theft features, even for users of the free version, with support for remotely triggering an alarm, lock up your device, locating the device, taking an image with the Thief Cam, wiping your knowledge, and playacting a full manufactory reset.
I tested all the options excluding wiping and factory resetting my device, and that they worked within 3-5 seconds of my supply the command via the net portal at mcafeemobilesecurity.com.
The portal is straightforward but nicely done, with a whole map and tiny low overlay bearing icons for the assorted on-the-market choices available. McAfee incorporates a distinctive withstand the crook cam: instead of attempting to capture a photograph while not the unauthorized user noticing, it creates a faux alert on the device and snaps a photo once the person faucets to dismiss it.
Unfortunately, many previous, helpful options were casualties of recent changes in Google Play store policies. At the time of this review, the skills to make a custom lock message track the removal of your SIM card, and back up, wipe or restore decision logs and text messages are all unavailable. McAfee is functioning with Google to undertake to bring them back, however, theres no timeline for his or her return.
This Article Will Explain To You The Mcafee Mobile Security For Mobile Security And Android Security Mcafee Understands The Importance Of Mobile Security For Your Android Phone Or Other Android Devices
If you want to see other programs for mobile security check this link.
McAfee Mobile Security offers Associate in Nursing an abundance of free options and a paid tier that removes the ads from the app. Unfortunately, in contrast to the similar Avast Mobile Security, the paid tier is pretty big-ticket compared to other best Android antivirus apps.
While McAfee has attained tight malware-protection scores in research lab tests over the last few years, it hasnt matched the consistency of Bitdefender Mobile Security or Norton Mobile Security. Those costs, respectively, 0.5 the maximum amount and also the same value as McAfees Premium tier.
Unless youre specifically swayed by the extras found in McAfee or are willing to place up with the ads and come with the free version of the app, this app goes to be a tricky sell for many people.
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Free Security Features And Tools
Anti-Theft McAfee Mobile Security had a solid collection of anti-theft features, even for users of the free version, with support for remotely triggering an alarm, locking your device, locating the device, taking a picture with the Thief Cam, wiping your data and performing a full factory reset.
“The free version includes large ads and constant prompts to upgrade.”
I tested all the features other than wiping and factory-resetting my device, and they worked within 3-5 seconds of my issuing the command via the web portal at mcafeemobilesecurity.com.
The portal was simple but nicely done, with a full-page map and a small overlay bearing icons for the various available options available. McAfee had a unique take on the thief cam: Rather than trying to capture a photo without the unauthorized user noticing, it created a fake alert on the device and snaps a photo when the person taps to dismiss it.
Memory Booster I’m never sold on these supposed performance enhancers. Operating systems do a pretty good job handling these things on their own. At least in my experience, McAfee’s memory booster cleared out a negligible amount of memory, which would typically fill up again in short order.
My WatchLike the Bitdefender and Kaspersky antivirus apps, McAfee’s can interact with a Wear OS smartwatch. McAfee’s app can let you know when the watch gets out of Bluetooth range of the phone, and also notify you of an insecure Wi-Fi network or when the phone’s battery gets low.
Why Do I Need An Antivirus For My Android
The Android operating system is the most widely used in the world. Of course, this also means that it can be the most vulnerable. Its important to have high functioning security apps and tools installed on your device to fend off predators that target Android due to its widespread usage.
Malware can infect your device via fake or harmful apps. These apps are often disguised in the Google Play store or sneak into third party apps without you knowing.
Tech Radar reports that Android often struggles with updating its security features, which makes it easy for hackers to invade. These updates are critical in fixing bugs or other vulnerabilities and close any entry points to cyberattackers. These delays in finding and updating security issues make it especially important that you install an antivirus that can quickly detect issues and protect your data.
Also Check: Best Offline Card Games For Android
Avira Antivirus Security For Android Best Free Antivirus For Android In 2021
Avira Antivirus Security for Android is my top free Android antivirus in 2021 it has an excellent virus detection and removal engine along with a wide range of additional security features, all inside an intuitive dashboard.
During my tests, I tried to download a huge range of Android malware samples to my Samsung Galaxy S20 including viruses, trojans, and spyware. All of the malware files were detected, blocked, and removed from my phone and because Aviras scanner is cloud-based, there was very little strain on my battery life or system resources.
In addition to real-time malware protection, Aviras free Android app provides far more features than any other competitor, including:
- Anti-theft protection.
- VPN .
- App lock.
- Wi-Fi scanner.
- Device optimizer.
Aviras anti-theft features are really useful after logging into Aviras online dashboard, I was able to track my phones location in real time while my partner took it for a drive around our neighborhood. I was also able to trigger a very loud alarm.
Aviras privacy scanner is really good, too. It analyzed all of the apps on my device and notified me which ones had access to my contacts, images, and browsing data. I was pretty surprised to find some free games on my device were actually harvesting my data even when I wasnt playing them!
Mcafees Password Manager: True Key
McAfees password manager, True Key, is one of the better known password managers out there. And with good reason. It lets you manage your passwords while also keeping them really safe and secure.
True Key uses AES-256, one of the strongest encryption algorithms out there, to make sure no one can break through to your login credentials. Only you will be able to decrypt your passwords.
The app also offers multi factor authentication to secure your account even further. Youll have to verify at least two factors before you can login. And you can even add more factors if you want to up the security more.
Also Check: Can I Use Apple Pay On Android | <urn:uuid:8fecedfa-a0cc-4347-bf99-4a68da9ae426> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.droiddailynews.com/mcafee-security-app-for-android/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.916723 | 3,952 | 1.671875 | 2 |
At various times, we at EdNC.org have written about the virtual schools we have in North Carolina. But some readers have asked: What in the world is a virtual school anyway? Who do they serve and how do they serve them?
For starters, there are three virtual schools in North Carolina. One, the North Carolina Virtual Public School, is run by the state and is an extension and companion to the traditional public school system.
In addition to that school, there are two virtual charter schools, which both function independently as schools in their own right, separate from any district or any brick-and-mortar schools.
Let’s go through the three one by one.
Virtual Public School
The North Carolina Virtual Public School — NCVPS for short — is open to high schools and participating middle schools in North Carolina. In the 2018-19 school year, it had 32,081 students enrolled. It is the second largest virtual school in the country.
The school started in the summer of 2007, and according to Mia Murphy, the chief operations officer for the school, it is a supplement to students’ typical public school experience.
“We exist to expand and enhance the educational opportunities…of an existing school,” she said.
So what’s important to know about the state virtual public school is that it is not its own school. It does not have full-time students and doesn’t grant degrees. Students don’t get transcripts or report cards. Instead, students from traditional public schools, home schools, charter schools, or private schools can use the virtual program to access classes. The grade they get in those classes is then transmitted back to the district or school from which the student came.
“Our reason for being is to pretty much make sure the students in North Carolina have opportunity regardless of zip code,” Murphy said.
NCVPS offers basically every class a student could need for graduation. If a student can’t take an advanced placement course at their regular school, NCVPS probably offers it. The same is true for foreign languages. Basically, it exists to offer the courses that a students’ ordinary school isn’t able to.
Murphy said there are all kinds of reasons why a student might use the virtual public school. Some students are advanced and trying to get ahead. Others are in rural parts of the state where advanced placement courses are hard to come by. Others have failed a course and need to retake it. Some are just trying to take classes that they can’t fit into their ordinary day-to-day schedule.
For most students, NCVPS classes aren’t something they do from home. Murphy said that most schools have a period in the day when students can do their online work. Of course, students can work from home if they need to, particularly in the summer when they aren’t in school.
Murphy said that the school is constantly reworking what they do to make sure there is no decline in quality. And because staff know that online learning can be isolating, the school works hard to engage with students.
“If you’re a traditional high school parent, you may never hear from your teacher unless it’s something really great or bad,” she said. “Our teachers are constantly keeping in touch with the parents.”
Virtual charter schools
There are two virtual charter schools in North Carolina: North Carolina Virtual Academy and North Carolina Cyber Academy. They are separate and distinct from the North Carolina Virtual Public School in that they are standalone schools. They serve as a substitute for a typical brick-and-mortar experience.
They are charter schools, so they are public schools that receive funding from the state. However, as charters, they are exempt from some of the requirements traditional public schools are held to, and they are operated not by a district or the state but by independent organizations. North Carolina Cyber Academy was previously called North Carolina Connections Academy and was run by Pearson. Now, its day-to-day operations are run by the school’s board of directors. North Carolina Virtual Academy is run by K-12 Inc.
Both schools opened in 2015 and have more than 2,000 students. State law caps the population of the schools at 2,592. Both are pilot programs and their classes are taught by certified North Carolina teachers.
For the 2017-18 school year, both schools received school performance grades of D and neither met growth. Twenty-five percent of the students at Virtual Academy are economically disadvantaged. Cyber Academy’s student population is 18.3% economically disadvantaged. This is the most recent information available as of the writing of this article. The school performance grades for 2018-19 come out tomorrow.
North Carolina Virtual Academy music teacher Michelle Rose lives in Cary. The school itself is based out of Durham, but its students come from all over North Carolina.
“We offer full courses of study, all of the requirements,” she said. “If students are planning to go to college, we offer all the requirements for a foreign language. If there is some sort of class that isn’t offered, there are ways to take that class as well.”
Students who attend the virtual charter schools can’t be enrolled in another school or district, but the school takes pains to make sure the students feel like they are having at least something close to a typical school experience.
Nathan Currie, superintendent of North Carolina Cyber Academy (NCCA), said his school is “a school in every sense of the word.”
“NCCA is not just a place to take classes. Our students and parents take pride in their school. We provide numerous events at which students get together for academic, social, and philanthropic purposes,” he said. “Occasionally, we have students who attend our school for a short-term need, but that is not the norm. Our goal is to provide an environment in which all students can learn, succeed, and grow to adulthood.”
Rose said that North Carolina Virtual Academy has meet-ups every couple of weeks so that students can see each other face-to-face. They have back-to-school meet and greets. They even have a middle school dance, high school prom, and high school graduation that happens in person.
“Even though students are attending virtually, there are plenty of opportunities for them to interact with students at the school,” Rose said.
There are all kinds of reasons why students attend the virtual charter schools, from traveling for sports, to students who have been bullied, and even youth who just prefer to do things online.
“I think that’s what makes this school amazing,” Rose said. “We have students from all over, from all different walks of life.”
Currie said that life circumstances are one reason why students choose his school.
“We have had students who have required long-term hospitalization and were unable to attend their hometown school,” he said. “Others have been professional athletes, actors, dancers, and singers. Our virtual school can travel with you and can be accessed from a movie set, locker room, airport, or hotel room.”
Many reading this who have only experienced a typical school experience may ask themselves why anyone would want to attend a virtual school. Here is what Currie has to say about that.
“Computers, cell phones, gaming devices…are ubiquitous in our lives today — why shouldn’t they be integral to the educational process? The purpose of a K-12 education is to prepare our state’s children for the future, be it college or career,” he said. “Our school is part of a pilot program that set out to embrace technology and show how education can be adapted to meet the needs of any student.” | <urn:uuid:0c6f68b3-c0db-4a56-ae73-412aaa99a5d3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ednc.org/what-on-earth-is-a-virtual-school/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.977098 | 1,652 | 2.609375 | 3 |
Canadian Earth ‘x-ray’ start-up Ideon Technologies is initiating the world’s first field trials of a muon detector that fits down industry-standard boreholes – together with French multi-national Orano Group, in a cooperative EUREKA-approved research and development project, and with funding support from the National Research Council of Canada Industrial Research Assistance Program (NRC IRAP).
Ideon is a world pioneer in cosmic-ray muon tomography, which provides x-ray-like imaging to those who explore beneath the Earth’s surface. The Ideon discovery platform integrates proprietary muon detectors, imaging systems, inversion technologies, and artificial intelligence to produce 3D density maps of features up to 1 km underground. It improves geologists’ subsurface field-of-view, reducing the need for expensive drilling activity while increasing discovery certainty.
EUREKA is the world’s biggest platform for international cooperation in R&D and innovation. Funding is merit-based and highly competitive. As part of the collaboration, Ideon will receive advisory services and up to C$435,000 in funding support from NRC IRAP for the EUREKA-approved project. Orano is partnering on this project with cash and in-kind support, while Ideon is contributing survey design, detector development, discovery platform processing, and field deployment.
The objective of the project is to build and demonstrate the world’s first industry-standard borehole (< 10 cm diameter, HQ-gauge), low-power (< 10W continuous power consumption), zero-maintenance (10 years maintenance-free) muon tomography detector suitable for operation in the extreme environmental conditions of mineral exploration sites around the world.
Like most companies competing in the $12 billion USD global mineral exploration market, Orano has a vested interest in developing innovative, cost-effective methods of discovering new ore bodies while reducing their environmental footprint. “We have been collaborating with Ideon for several years to advance muon tomography for commercial use,” says Hervé Toubon, Research & Development and Innovation Director at Orano. “It is virtually impossible to detect high-grade uranium deposits at depth using conventional geophysical exploration techniques. We successfully deployed Ideon’s first-generation muon detectors in 2016-17 to image a deposit under 600m of sandstone. After the impressive results of that trial, we wanted to be first in line to test Ideon’s new borehole detectors. The ability to deploy 50x smaller detectors, down industry-standard boreholes has the potential to greatly lower our exploration costs, significantly improve our discovery rates, and help us meet our environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) commitments.”
“We have demonstrated through trials with Orano and other major mining companies that muon tomography is well positioned to transform subsurface discovery,” says Ideon CEO and Co-founder Gary Agnew. “We will now demonstrate that the shape, size, and data capture and processing capabilities of Ideon’s proprietary muon detectors can be deployed within the confines of typical exploration boreholes and deliver the performance required to map density in 3D with excellent spatial resolution. We are grateful to Orano for their ongoing partnership and to NRC IRAP for supporting Canadian innovation through programs such as EUREKA.”
Orano will host the field trial in Saskatchewan in 2021 near a known deposit representative of the depth, size, grade, and density contrasts of targeted deposits. The company will contribute a test drill hole and associated infrastructure, geological models, geophysical data, drill assay data, terrain models, and logistical support for detector deployment. Together, Ideon and Orano will interpret the acquired muon tomography data and to qualify it against existing drill data and other geophysical datasets.
The outcome of this applied R&D project will be a new, field-proven method for mapping dense ore bodies at depth, along with a suite of new measurement instruments and an enhanced body of learning related to the application of muon tomography for mineral exploration applications. Ideon’s new borehole detector is slated for commercial release in 2021. | <urn:uuid:ffdb6db3-862f-44ac-8bc4-76f189f0afd7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.azomining.com/News.aspx?newsID=16508 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.898992 | 875 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Do you want to straighten your teeth so you can have a more appealing appearance? If so, you can qualify to get Braces in Manassas. Since a smile is how you greet the world, make sure yours is as straight, white, and bright as possible. You can make a positive impression on co-workers, friends, and family members when your teeth are in proper alignment. This in turn can enhance your self-esteem, self-confidence, and opportunities in life.
Many people think that braces are just for children and teenagers. On the contrary, more adults than ever are getting braces to increase their aesthetic value. Adult Orthodontics is seen as an essential part of a person’s overall dental care routine. In addition to helping to beautify a smile, having braces will allow an adult to correct various flaws of the teeth and jaws which can adversely affect the way a person talks, eats, and drinks. Some dental patients have birth defects or conditions caused by accidents that necessitate the use of braces and other dental devices. Being able to function in a normal capacity can help a person lead a more productive, happy, and fulfilling life.
There are many types of braces available to children, teenagers, and adults. Whether you are seeking treatment for an under-bite, overbite, malocclusion, or a combination of dental problems, you can get the durable braces you need by working with your dental care provider. This means having open, honest communication about what your expectations are and what you want to avoid.
Two popular types of dental procedures are getting clear aesthetic braces and Invisalign. Clean aesthetic braces blend in with the natural color of a person’s teeth. They have a hidden appearance many people find attractive. These devices are usually made of a ceramic or plastic dental material. Invisalign is an orthodontic treatment plan that makes use of clear aligners made of thermoplastic material. These aligners are custom-made for individuals to help them straighten their teeth in an inconspicuous way. These two types of dental devices allow dental patients to maintain their privacy and dignity. You can add yourself to the list of dental patients who have had success with Braces in Manassas and aligners by talking to your dental care provider. Once you do, you will love your smile. | <urn:uuid:4d26a68e-ef63-478c-8eb4-8101739efa72> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.articles-center.com/getting-durable-braces-in-manassas-will-enhance-your-aesthetic-appeal | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.950108 | 476 | 1.710938 | 2 |
Why is a hollow rock hold a beneficial exercise?
Your abs, obliques, and the remaining core muscles work hard each time you lift a weight, carry or throw something, or simply walk down the street.
Hollow rocks are simple to understand and do. But as you lie down to do this exercise, you quickly realize there is more to it than meets the eye. Hollow rocks are challenging and force you to maintain a neutral spine as you hold the position. As a direct benefit, hollow holds build a rock-solid core, elevate your performance on many strength exercises, and allow you to keep your spine in a healthy position.
How to do a Hollow Rock Hold
- Lie down on an exercise mat. Have your hands to your sides, feet together, and legs straight.
- Get a feel for the movement by contracting your abs as if you’re trying to initiate a crunch. Doing so will put your lower back against the exercise mat.
- Squeeze your thigh muscles as your legs are together and lift your feet a couple of inches off the floor. Keep your legs straight.
- Lift your head a couple of inches off the floor and simultaneously extend your arms back behind your head and slightly up. Your lower back should contact the floor during the setup and as you hold in position afterward.
- Hold the position for as long as you can and breathe regularly. Aim for 20 to 30 seconds initially, and slowly work up to minute-long holds.
- Optional: As you hold this position, begin to rock back and forth gently. Your legs can elevate more as your upper back gets in contact with the floor and vice-versa.
What muscles do hollow hold work?
The primary muscles that work during hollow rocks are your rectus and transverse abdominis. Your rectus abdominis is a superficial muscle that controls the area between your ribcage and pelvis (1). Contracting the muscle shortens the distance between the two and provides stability. The transverse abdominis is a deep muscle that envelops your stomach area like a belt. Its primary functions are to stabilize the spine and pelvis (2).
Hollow holds also train your obliques – the muscles on either side of your rectus abdominis. The internal and external obliques function to draw your chest in, provide intra-abdominal pressure, rotate your torso, and resist rotational forces (3, 4).
Hollow rocks also train your hip flexors and rectus femoris, which support the hip angle you maintain during the activity. Finally, hollow holds train your back – rhomboids, trapezius, and erector spinae. Similar to the other muscle groups, these contract isometrically to support your position.
Tips on Proper Technique for the Hollow Hold
1. Press Your Lower Back Into The Floor
You’re probably aware that many gym exercises require a slight arch in the lower back to pull off effectively. Two examples here are the bench press and reverse hyperextension. The hollow rock is different because you have to do the opposite: round your lower back and press it against the floor. Doing so will engage your abs better, allow you to stay in position, and train the correct muscles.
2. Keep Breathing
To maintain their position, people often forget to breathe regularly, making the exercise unnecessarily complex. As you hold a position, breathe periodically and as deeply as you can with engaged abs.
3. Progress to Hollow Holds Gradually
The hollow hold is a fantastic exercise, but not everyone can pull it off immediately. If you find that you can’t hold the position for longer than two to three seconds, progress gradually. For instance, start by only raising your feet a few inches off the floor and holding them that way. Then, only raise your upper back off the floor and keep your legs on the floor. Once you’ve built some core strength, try raising your upper back and feet off the floor simultaneously.
Variations and Modifications of the Hollow Rock Hold
1. Hollow Rock
The most common variation of the hollow hold is the hollow rock. You still have to maintain the hollow hold position, but you now get to rock back and forth. As your legs move away from the floor, your upper back gets closer to it, and vice-versa.
2. Weighted Hollow Hold
The hollow hold offers an excellent overloading potential. Grab a pair of dumbbells, get into the hollow hold position and raise them over your torso. The extra weight will force your core muscles to work extra hard to keep your upper back off the floor.
3. Hollow Hold With Bent Knees
If you can’t quite do a hollow hold with straight legs, do so with your knees bent. Doing so reduces the tension on your abs and allows you to maintain your position with less effort.
Mistakes to Avoid
The first and most common mistake to avoid with hollow holds is arching your lower back. We often try to maintain an arch in the lower back while learning new exercises, so it becomes a habit. But remember that hollow holds encourage slight lower back roundness for superior abdominal activation.
Another mistake to watch out for (if you decide to rock) is not controlling the movement as you do so. The hollow rock is a fun exercise, but you need to control the back and forth movement. Raise one side of your body a few inches and lower the opposite one proportionally. Avoid losing position or moving your body up and down too much.
The final mistake worth mentioning here is keeping your shoulder blades on the floor. The goal is to raise your upper back off the floor, which will engage your rectus abdominis (particularly the upper portion). Raising only your head off the floor is more comfortable but makes the movement less effective.
Similar Exercises to the Hollow Rock Hold
Aside from the impressive name, the Superman hold is also effective and similar to hollow holds. Both are isometric movements – meaning you have to maintain a position for some time. The primary difference is that hollow holds have you lie on your back, whereas Superman holds on your stomach. Both movements train your core and upper back.
Planks are another effective and challenging isometric movement with many similarities to the hollow hold. Like hollow holds, the plank also works your entire core and promotes stability, translating to better performance in the gym. In both cases, you assume a position and hold it for as long as possible, making sure to engage your abdominal muscles for optimal results.
Bicycle crunches are among the oldest and most popular ab exercises. The movement might also be more similar to hollow holds than most people imagine. You lie on your back for both activities, and you have to raise your upper body and feet off the floor. That alone forces your core to work hard, but bicycle crunches take it a step further by including alternating upper and lower body movements. | <urn:uuid:16dba4c0-5867-422d-831d-8cd0fa9411dd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hevyapp.com/exercises/hollow-rock-hold/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.929437 | 1,444 | 2.453125 | 2 |
The Old Michigan Logging Town Famous For Its Toast
Trenary is located in Mathias Township, Alger County. The name might not be well-known in Michigan’s mitten, but in the U.P. is definitely is.
What is Trenary’s claim-to-fame? TOAST.
It’s named "Trenary Toast", it’s dry, it’s hard, it has a long shelf life, it’s sold in a plain brown paper bag…..and people buy it in droves.
This toast has been around almost 100 years, made the same way and sold the same way. So what’s the deal? Why is it so popular? Taste, of course.
It’s dusted with cinnamon sugar, and the key is dunking it in coffee…what happens then is unique – the toast acquires an unexpected mouth-watering flavor. This type of toast was introduced to the Upper Peninsula by the Finns who migrated here in the 1800’s.
Why such a big deal about toast? Because many former residents grew up on it and it has remained a fond childhood memory…the smell, the taste…and it could be stored for a long time.
Trenary Toast is obviously named after the village of Trenary, which in turn was named after Levi Trenary, who came from Indiana in 1886 and settled in the U.P., opening a lumber business. He was also a blacksmith, funeral officiator, and Sunday School teacher.
Trenary was a railway stop along the Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. Marie Railroad; it got it’s own post office in 1903, with Alanson Clark as first postmaster. Levi Trenary was also a postmaster.
The village was a bustling logging town, but as with others, it’s the same old story…the days of prosperity came and went. Today the town still retains many old buildings (SEE PHOTOS BELOW) and the original bakery is still intact, where the famous Trenary Toast has been made since 1928.
If heading to Trenary for the toast and seeing all the great old buildings isn’t enough, here’s another reason: the Trenary Outhouse Classic, where teams drag outhouses down snow-covered Main Street in a race every winter.
Many reasons await you in Trenary. The bakery is located at E2918 Highway M-67, Trenary. The town is 33 miles southeast of Marquette.
Add this to your next northern Michigan roadtrip!
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Michigan Towns Named After Other Places
Pretty Boy Floyd's Michigan Hideout, 1930
Wild Bill Hickok
Ten U.S. Towns That Have 'Michigan' in Their Names | <urn:uuid:47197f65-8a7d-46a2-abf1-46c30e5abfa3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wkmi.com/trenary-toast/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.960176 | 610 | 2 | 2 |
Child’s play Darwin for kids
Keeping the kids buoyant and interested on family holidays always presents challenges. If you’re heading to Darwin, here are a dozen great ways to entertain them.
There’s so much to enthral junior members of the family in the Top End. From croc encounters and water parks, to secret tunnels and sunset treats – Darwin has kids covered.
Crocs and other critters
Nothing captivates the imagination of little ones quite like an encounter with a crocodile – and the Top End has them in abundance. Play it safe and smile at a crocodile from behind a glass enclosure at Crocosaurus Cove or stare down a "saltie" in the attraction’s famous Cage of Death. Have your fingers and toes tickled hand-feeding the fish at Doctors Gully. For animal encounters of the non-scaly variety, head to the Territory Wildlife Park – about 50 minutes south of the city at Berry Springs – and get up close with dingoes, wallabies and freshwater whiprays.
Under and over
Take the kids on a subterranean adventure as you explore Darwin’s intriguing military history, starting with the World War II tunnels. Hidden 15 metres underground, the tunnels were used to protect fuel and oil supplies from Japanese aerial attack. Relive the bombing raids in a spine-tingling virtual reality experience at the Royal Flying Doctor Service Darwin Tourist Facility, and check out wartime relics at the Darwin Military Museum. When the kids tire of war stories, head to the Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory and meet Sweetheart – the NT’s infamous stuffed croc.
Don’t let Sweetheart put you off swimming in the NT – there are plenty of croc-safe swim spots across Darwin and surrounds. Get set for adrenaline thrills at the Wave Lagoon at Darwin Waterfront or make a splash in the adjacent Recreation Lagoon. There’s plenty of grass and sand to sprawl on, and a stinger net keeps the nasties at bay. To get wet in the wilderness, head to Berry Springs Nature Park. Here you’ll find a series of crystal-clear swimming holes fringed by pandanus in an idyllic bush setting (the pools may close in the wet season due to flooding and croc sightings; check the website for details).
When in the Top End, play like a Territorian. And that means getting wet. There are two wet playgrounds in Darwin: Palmerston Water Park and Leanyer Recreation Park. Both are free and feature water-slides, bucket-loads of water-play equipment, picnic and changing facilities and kiosks. For shaded nature play, head to Bicentennial Park in the city which has a large outdoor playground, gorgeous walking tracks and sweeping harbour views or visit the George Brown Darwin Botanic Gardens, just north of the city. There are various adventure playgrounds for the kids to enjoy, a meandering creek to explore and an on-site cafe for the parents.
Yummy, yummy, yummy
Food is a quintessential part of the Darwin experience. With a melting pot of cultures and cuisines, the city serves up a delectable assortment of dishes. Stokes Hill Wharf in Darwin city is a great place grab a casual bite to eat, feed the fish off the wharf and there's even a kids playground. The best place to sample the city’s culinary offerings is at one of the many markets, where you're guaranteed to find something to satisfy even the fussiest eater. Choose from Mindil Beach Sunset Market, Parap Village Market and Nightcliff Markets.
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Trust for America’s Health (TFAH) has partnered with the Florida State Department of Health since 2018 to explore and expand public health’s role in healthy aging. Florida was the first among all 50 states to pilot the Age-Friendly Public Health Systems (AFPHS ) framework, demonstrating the feasibility and acceptance among local health departments in making healthy aging a core public health function.
During the initial pilot of the framework, TFAH worded directly with 37 of Florida’s 67 county health departments as they explored and expanded their roles in older adult health. This effort has included creating and supporting collaborations between the public health and aging sectors, collecting and disseminating data on the state’s older adult population, and ensuring all planning and programming is done with an aging lens. TFAH helped to facilitate the development of the Aging in Florida Profiles, which provide demographic and health data on older Floridians in all 67 counties.
The successes of the Florida pilot have been documented in the Florida Progress Report. Phase II of the Florida initiative began in 2020 and has focused on expanding the network of county health departments engaged in AFPHS through a Mentor-Mentee project, addressing health disparities among older adults with enhancements to the Aging in Florida Profiles, and conducting a Social Isolation Summit to identify strategies to mitigate the consequences of social isolation and loneliness among older adults.
Florida County Health Department Engagement in the AFPHS Recognition Program
The Department of Health in Sarasota County was the first local health department in the nation to complete the original ten-step Age-Friendly Public Health Systems Recognition Program. The county’s achievement demonstrates its commitment to and support of the health and well-being of its older adults.
Since the re-launch of the new AFPHS Recognition Program aligned with the 6Cs Framework, many additional county health departments have been recognized as “Advanced” AFPHS departments, and numerous individuals in Florida have been designated as AFPHS Champions. See the full list of AFPHS Recognized Leaders. | <urn:uuid:b4070261-ba60-41e7-9532-a441cf8990e9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://afphs.org/florida-health/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.949128 | 422 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Can I visit China and Tibet now?
China Tourist Visa is still not available for overseas tourists. But if you are expats in China, you can travel around the mainland of China, including Tibet Autonomous Region.
For cross-province travel in the mainland of China, you will need to show a green health code, a 14-day itinerary code without an asterisk, a valid nucleic acid test, etc. For details, please pay attention to the epidemic prevention and control policies of the destination.
What are the required travel documents for a China and Tibet tour?
First, you need to get a Chinese visa. It is necessary for visiting mainland China, as well as applying for a Tibet travel permit.
Tibet travel permit is the most important document for entering Tibet. The individual application for a Tibet travel permit is not accepted by Tibet Tourism Bureau. You need to book a Tibet tour with a licensed local travel agency and get the permit through the agency. All you need to provide are scanned copies of your valid passport and Chinese visa.
More extra permits are required for visiting Everest Base Camp, Mount Kailash, or other remote areas in Tibet. But your travel agency will handle it according to your travel itinerary. So don’t worry about these extra permits.
How to travel to Tibet from China?
It is convenient to get to Tibet from mainland China by train, by air, and by overland.
If you have enough time, it is highly recommended to take a train to Tibet as it is only in China that you can experience the unique Qinghai-Tibet railway. The shortest train journey from Xining to Lhasa takes about 23 hours while the longest journey from Guangzhou to Lhasa takes over 55 hours.
If you don’t have enough time, it is easy to get to Tibet from most major inland cities by air. Chengdu has the most non-stop flights to Lhasa. Other major cities near Tibet, such as Chongqing, Kunming, and Xi'an, also have more than one direct flight per day. If you travel from Shanghai, Guangzhou, Beijing, etc., you may need to take a connecting flight to Tibet.
When is the best time to visit China and Tibet together?
The best time to visit Tibet is from April to October, which is also the best time to visit most parts of China. Based on your destinations, the best time to go may be different. Please feel free to tell us your travel plan, our travel expert will help you find the best time to go.
Please notice that there are some big holidays in China, during which a large number of domestic tourists will travel to Tibet, such as the Golden Week of October and the summer vacation from July to August. During this period, it is hard to get a train ticket to Tibet, and travel costs will be high. So if you're flexible, avoid these peak seasons.
Which inland cities have a train to Tibet?
Recently, you can take a train to Tibet from Xining, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Chongqing, and Lanzhou.
Tibet trains from Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Xining depart every day, while trains from Chengdu, Chongqing, and Lanzhou depart every other day. Please check the exact train schedule while planning your China Tibet train tour.
Since each city above only has one train to Tibet, the amount of Tibet train tickets is quite limited. Please book your train ticket as early as possible.
Is it possible to take an overland tour to Tibet from mainland China?
There are four highways connecting Tibet with mainland China, namely the Sichuan-Tibet highway, the Yunnan-Tibet highway, the Qinghai-Tibet highway, and the Xinjiang-Tibet highway.
There are currently four highways connecting Tibet to mainland China. You can choose to drive yourself or join the road trip.
If you choose to drive by yourself, you need to apply for the necessary documents such as the Tibet Travel Permit, the Alien’s Travel Permit, and a Chinese driver’s license. You should also be accompanied by a professional guide once you enter the Tibetan region.
You can also choose a more hassle-free way to travel. You can join our overland tour to Tibet. We provide you with a professional Tibetan guide and experienced local drivers to ensure your travel safety so that you can enjoy the scenery and local customs along the way to Tibet.
Can Chinese nationals take part in the China Tibet tour with foreign travelers?
No matter you are a foreign expat in China or overseas travelers, you can take one of our China Tibet tour packages with your Chinese friends, partner, or family. You can also customize a China Tibet tour according to your interests.
Visitors of Chinese nationality do not need to apply for the Tibet Travel Permit. However, if you are going to visit Everest Base Camp or Mount Kailash, they still need to apply for the Frontier Pass (Tibet Border Pass). | <urn:uuid:acf66e50-48e1-4a3d-9712-725773aa3b1f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.tibettravel.org/china-and-tibet-tour/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.934532 | 1,055 | 1.546875 | 2 |
Written by Niña Terol-Zialcita
HAPINOY, a Filipino social enterprise working to empower “nanays” (mothers) through sari-sari store-based micro-enterprise and micro-finance programs, is a finalist in Project Inspire: 5 Minutes to Change the World, a joint initiative of UN Women Singapore and Mastercard.
The project is a global search for projects that “help empower disadvantaged women and girls, through education, skills training, financial inclusion, social entrepreneurship.” At stake is a US$25,000 grant “to go out there and bring your vision to life.”
Established in 2007 by MicroVentures Incorporated, Hapinoy extends credit and capital infusion for nanays to set up their own Hapinoy Stores and learn to operate and grow their businesses through Hapinoy’s proprietary system. By aggregating stores and using a franchise-like system, Hapinoy is able to assure its beneficiaries of access to lower-priced goods, training, and a support system that the nanays will not otherwise get on their own.
More from Niña Terol-Zialcita: Islam on My Mind: I have always been fascinated with Islam, this richly colorful and grossly misunderstood religion and culture that has formed a large part of our history and identity as a nation.
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- Ako Para Sa Bata 2019: For Teens, By Teens - November 26, 2019 | <urn:uuid:b200cd99-45a9-4ad3-9286-ae82b98cecbc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.mulatpinoy.ph/2011/08/25/propinoy-net-filipino-social-enterprise-a-finalist-in-%E2%80%9Cproject-inspire-5-minutes-to-change-the-world%E2%80%9D/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.93383 | 380 | 1.75 | 2 |
Your garage can be a mess if you leave items to pile randomly all over the place. However, this should not be the case if you take your time to organize your space. There are different measures you can take to declutter your garage. From storage cabinets to workbenches, there are a ton of different ways for you to arrange your space properly. Read on to learn how to organize your garage to get more usable space.
One of the easiest ways to store different things in your garage is to use wall-mounted shelves. You can maximize your storage space by installing simple and inexpensive shelves, hooks, and baskets. These garage storage racks are easy to install, and you can customize them to hold different items.
Garage cabinets are smart, and they make your space look more organized and modern. The main advantage of storage cabinets is that they help you store different items out of sight. There are various types of cabinets that are designed for different garages. These are customized to suit each individual’s needs.
Use Storage Containers
Storage containers are neat, and they help you organize items in your garage according to categories. Be sure to label each container so that you can easily find the items you want to use. You also need to stack your plastic containers vertically to save space in your garage. Put containers with heavy tools at the bottom; you can also consider using color bins to make it easier to find anything you need urgently.
Install Slat Walls
Slat walls like pegboards can be placed anywhere in your garage, and they save space. You can organize your things in the way you like. Pegboards are great for hanging different tools on the walls and help you find items easily when you’re working on a particular project.
Use Rollout Bins
Never leave items like oil rags and towels lying around since they will make your space unsightly. You can utilize slide-out bins that are easy to access. When you want something to clean spills, you can easily pull the rollout bin and put towels back when you finish cleaning.
Build a Workbench
A workbench is ideal for your garage as it saves and properly arranges your space. Workbenches come with built-in tool drawers which help you neatly organize your items. You can also add a padded stool to make your space attractive and comfortable. When you work in the garage, you must have a defined corner where you can easily access everything you want to use.
Use Card Catalogue Boxes
Card catalog boxes are a great way to organize your items like bolts and nuts. These are small items that may be difficult to find; cataloging can be the best way to store them in your garage. Label each drawer so that you know where everything is stored. You also need to create a separate cabinet for car care products like fluids, lubricants, and other items.
Garage Overhead Storage
Your garage ceiling is a good place to store lightweight seasonal items like camping gear. You can also install hanging shelves where you’ll keep plastic bins and sports equipment. A sports storage locker is ideal for items you occasionally use. You can also organize your sports equipment according to category. Overhead storage is ideal for your ladder.
Garage Storage Tubes
PV tubes are inexpensive, and they are a great way to store items like long-handled tools, baseball bats, and other light items. Secure these tubes in high places where you can easily access them. The advantage of using storage tubes is that they keep your items dry.
Keep Your Garage Floor Clean
One of the most effective ways to organize your garage is to keep the floors clear of clutter. Each item should be stored in its right place. Make sure your car has enough room and leave room to allow free movement. All shelving units should be raised to allow you to clean the space beneath them easily.
A garage is a special place in your home where you can keep different items. It is vital to keep this space organized to help you locate everything easily. Arranging various items in the garage also prevents them from getting damaged. More importantly, you make your space look neat and sophisticated. These tips can go a long way in making your garage look more presentable. There are also several DIY ideas you can consider to improve the appearance of your garage. | <urn:uuid:d0dc7e13-833c-4d3c-b313-c30b9dfea71d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mummymummymum.com/how-to-organize-your-garage-to-get-more-usable-space/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.937237 | 891 | 1.734375 | 2 |
The US Supreme Court has overturned the Roe v. Wade decision which prevented states banning abortion. Twenty-six are now expected to introduce such bans, which will have terrible consequences for the lives and freedom of countless people in the US.
In a tragic development for women's power over their own bodies and for the lives of countless people, the US Supreme Court has today cleared the way for states across America to introduce bans on abortion. In so doing, it will prevent an estimated 36 million women of reproductive age from accessing abortion.
The Roe v. Wade Supreme Court ruling of 1973 established that the right to an abortion was protected by the US Constitution. The current court has ruled that no such protection exists and it is therefore for individual states to determine their policies. It is expected that 26 states will introduce bans on abortion, with 13 already having in place so-called "trigger laws", meaning that today's ruling automatically brings in bans.
The decision had been expected following a leaked draft of the court's judgement in May.
Organisations concerned with women's rights, children, health and human rights have leapt to condemn the decision. In a powerful statement, the Guttmacher Institute wrote:
"Decades of research consistently show that abortion bans and restrictions don’t reduce unintended pregnancy or demand for abortion, and they certainly do not help people improve their health. Rather, they impose significant hurdles to obtaining care, causing stress for people in need of abortion and leading some to experience forced pregnancy and all its troubling consequences.
“Evidence also shows the disproportionate and unequal impact abortion restrictions have on people who are already marginalized and oppressed—including Black and Brown communities, other people of color, people with low incomes, young people, LGBTQ communities, immigrants and people with disabilities.
“This decision comes when the need for abortion is actually growing in the United States. The 930,000 abortions obtained across the country in 2020 represent the first sustained increase in abortion in almost three decades—and more than one in three of these abortions were obtained in states that are certain or likely to ban abortion."
The American Civil Liberties Union tweeted: "We won't deny what a horrible moment this is. No matter what the courts say, no one should be forced to carry a pregnancy against their will... abortion is our right. We'll never stop fighting for it."
Worldwide, nearly half of all pregnancies worldwide are unintended, and over 60% of these unintended pregnancies may end in abortion. Almost half (45%) of abortions are unsafe.
Unsafe abortions are the leading cause of maternal death worldwide.
In its response to the ruling, UNFPA, the UN's sexual and reproductive health agency was blunt:
Whether abortion is legal or not, it happens all too often. Data show that restricting access to abortion does not prevent people from seeking abortion, it simply makes it more deadly.
The right to abortion has made some gains recently, having been extended in Ireland and Argentina, but it is under attack in many places. In Poland, which has one of the strictest bans in Europe, a pregnant woman died last year after doctors refused to give her essential treatment because they believed it would violate abortion law. In El Salvador, where abortion is banned completely, a woman was reportedly jailed for 30 years recently for allegedly violating the law in response to an obstetric emergency.
Sixty-six countries ban abortion entirely or only allow it in event of a life-threatening situation.
Population Matters supports the right to abortion unequivocally. We are heartbroken by this decision and offer our solidarity and complete support to all who are working to protect and restore women's rights and to address its devastating consequences for people's lives.
Organisations in the US providing and defending abortion include Planned Parenthood and the Center for Reproductive Rights. Follow other links in the story above for information about other organisations.
At the time of writing, the decision has only just been announced and the situation is evolving. Watch social media for developments and opportunities to take action. You can find some options at the link below.
Sign up to our newsletter to keep up to date with our work. | <urn:uuid:8cda5868-b25c-478c-aa56-d6f74dd7b15d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://populationmatters.org/news/2022/06/terrible-human-cost-roe-v-wade-overturned | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.962973 | 840 | 2.484375 | 2 |
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Mobs are perhaps the most integral part of Minecraft. Without them, your survival experience would be bland and lonesome.
They provide friendship, challenges, and in some cases – broken controllers! (Ahem, Warden)
Different Mobs have been around since the game was released, and Mojang has always focused on keeping its roster evergreen.
Even with the release of version 1.19, Mojang introduced 5 brand new Mobs: Allay, Warden, Frog, Tadpole, and Fireflies!
With these new additions, the total Mob count in Minecraft has gone above 75!
It’s improbable that you’ll get to experience every single one of these in an ordinary survival world.
As such, we’ve compiled all of the Mobs available in Minecraft version 1.19!
Passive Mobs in Minecraft 1.19
|Passive Mobs in Minecraft 1.19|
|Cat, Chicken, Cod, Cow|
|Parrot, Pig, Pufferfish|
|Salmon, Sheep, Skeleton Horse, Snow Golem, Squid, Strider|
|Tadpole, Tropical Fish, Turtle|
Allay is a newly added passive Mob that collects items on your behalf and delivers them to you when required. Initially, Allay wanders around empty-handed.
Once you provide it with an item, it will look for more of the same versions nearby and collect them for you!
The Allay has a light-blue fairy-like appearance. It has a pair of wings and flies around.
It’s pretty small in size and can withstand 20 hit points worth of damage (10 hearts).
This Mob generally spawns in Villager Outposts and Woodland Mansions (trapped).
The Axolotl is an underwater Mob that was first introduced in the “Caves and Cliffs” update.
This aquatic Mob is commonly found in underwater Lush Caves and can spawn in multiple color schemes.
They are passive to you; however – they are aggressive towards most aquatic Mobs.
Axolotls have a platypus-like appearance and spawn in 5 different colors. They’re relatively small in size and have a total of 14 health points (7 hearts).
Bats are passive Mobs that usually spawn in groups of 2-8 in the Overworld.
They can typically be found in underground caves, especially in the darkness.
When idle, Bats hang upside down on blocks and will fly away if you approach them.
They usually fly around in no specific pattern. They don’t have any objective preferences and seem to just wander around.
Bats are smaller in size than a single block and have 6 HP (3 hearts)
Cat is a type of passive Mob that has two spawn locations – Villages and Swamp Huts.
They can spawn in 11 different color variations, and multiple Cats can generate within the same Village/Hut.
This Mob is also an effective method of protection against Phantoms and Creepers as they tend to flee if a Cat is present nearby.
Cats are generally passive creatures; however, they do attack any nearby Chicken, Rabbits, or Turtles.
They’re relatively small in size, having 10 HP (5 hearts) and 3 attack strength.
Chickens are some of the most common Mobs present in Minecraft.
They spawn naturally when the world is generated and also have a chance of spawning from any thrown Eggs.
They can typically be seen wandering around in Plains or Swamp biomes.
Chickens, much like bats, don’t have an objective preference. All adult chickens have the same appearance and can only spawn in one color variation.
A Cod is a type of aquatic fish-type Mob typically found in Oceans.
They’re widespread and are especially visible in Cold, Normal, and Lukewarm Ocean biomes.
A Cod will have 3-6 health points depending upon your edition of the game.
Cows are passive Mobs that are very commonly found throughout the game.
They’re typically located in Plains or any Grass biomes. Adult Cows drop Raw Beef, Leather, and Experience Points upon being killed.
They have 10 health points which are equivalent to 5 hearts.
A Donkey is a passive Mob that naturally spawns in the Plains biome.
It’s a tamable mob that can be ridden using a Saddle and drops Leather upon being killed.
They have only 1 color variation and have 15-30 health points (7.5 -15 hearts).
Foxes are nocturnal mobs that can spawn in 2 color variations depending upon the area.
They can most commonly be found in Snowy, Old Growth, and normal Taiga biomes.
They have 10-20 HP 5-10 hearts) and 2-3 attack strength depending upon the game difficulty settings.
A fox can carry 1 item in its mouth and has a preference for food.
They can spawn with several things, such as Emeralds, Rabbit’s Foot, Leather, etc., in their mouth by default.
Frogs are passive mobs introduced in version 1.19 of Minecraft as a part of The Wild Update.
They’re typically found in Swamp biomes and come in 3 different variations.
Frogs can eat tiny slimes and magma cubes to produce froglight variations depending upon the type of Frog it is.
Frogs usually spawn either naturally in groups of 2-5 in any Swamp biome or grow from Tadpole mobs.
They have a maximum jumping distance of 8 blocks and can sustain 10 health points (5 hearts) worth of damage.
Glowsquids are a variation of Squids that inhabit deep underground waters below layer 30, such as Oceans, underground Lakes, and Ravines.
It has a luminescent texture and drops 1-3 ink sacs along with experience points when killed. The Glowsquid has 10 HP (5 hearts).
A Horse is a type of tamable passive Mob that typically travels in groups of 2-6 in Grass biomes.
Horses can spawn in 7 color variations and have 15-30 HP (7.5-15 hearts), excluding any armor you equip them with. Horses can be saddled and ridden.
They drop Leather and Experience when killed.
Mooshrooms are Cow-like mobs exclusively found in Mushroom Field biomes. They spawn in 2 variants and usually roam around in herds of 4-8.
The Mob is covered in mushrooms and drops Raw Beef and Leather if killed. It has a sum total of 10 health points (5 hearts).
A Mule is a passive mob that results from the breeding of Horses and Donkey mobs.
Mules can be ridden and, due to their fast speeds – are extremely useful for transportation.
They have 15-30 health points (7.5-15 hearts) and drop Leather along with experience points when killed.
Ocelots are rare Mobs most commonly found in all Jungle biomes. They can sprint and flee away from any approaching players by default.
Ocelots only drop experience points upon being killed and have 10 HP (5 hearts) along with 3 attack strength.
A Parrot is a very rare passive mob that spawns in 5 color variations in Jungle biomes.
Parrots are small in size, can sit on your shoulder, and drop Feathers along with experience if killed.
They can imitate the sounds of nearby hostile mobs and have a total of 6 health points (3 hearts).
Pigs are among the most widely-seen mobs in Minecraft.
They are typically found in Grass biomes, roaming around in groups.
Pigs can also be ridden and drop Raw Porkchops along with experience points if killed. They have 10 health points (5 hearts).
Pufferfish are aquatic mobs generally spawning in Ocean biomes.
Although they are passive mobs, Pufferfish will defend themselves by inflating when attacked.
This causes damage to the player and can inflict poison as well.
They can drop Bone Meal, Bones, experience points, and Pufferfish when killed.
Pufferfish have 3-6 HP (1.5-3 hearts) and 2-3 attack strength depending upon the game difficulty settings.
Rabbits are small passive mobs that can spawn in several different biomes and come in 6 different variations depending upon their generation biome.
They can be found in groups of 2-4 and hop around to move.
Rabbits can drop Rabbits Foot, Rabbit Hide, Raw Rabbit, and exp points when killed. They have a total of 3 HP (1.5 hearts).
A Salmon is an aquatic Mob typically spawning in River and Ocean biomes. It generates in groups of 1-5 and only has 1 variation.
They have 3-6 HP (1.5-3 hearts) depending upon your game edition and drop a Raw Salmon along with experience points when killed.
Sheep are some of the most common mobs in Minecraft that spawn in any Grassy biomes.
The Mob is found in 6 naturally occurring variants and is usually found in groups.
Sheep can drop Raw Mutton, experience points, and Wool if killed and have 8 health points (4 hearts).
Skeleton Horse Mob
The Skeleton Horse is a passive Mob that is an undead variation of a regular Horse mob. It’s entirely made of bones and can spawn during lightning strikes.
The Skeleton Horse can be ridden, drops Bones along with exp points when killed, and has 15 HP (7.5 hearts).
Snow Golem Mob
Snow Golems are player-created utility mobs that can help fend off monsters.
This is a passive mob that has 4 health points (2 hearts) and attacks any hostile mobs nearby.
The Snow Golem has an attack strength of 3 and drops 0-15 Snowballs upon death.
Squids are passive mobs that are common to River and Ocean biomes and have 10 health points (5 hearts).
They wander aimlessly in different directions and, upon being attacked, release ink that can blur vision.
Squids can be found swimming in groups of 2-4 and drop 1-3 Ink Sacs and exp points when killed.
A Strider is a passive mob exclusive to the Nether, spawning in 4 different variants.
It does not take damage from lava and can be ridden, allowing adequate transportation across lava in the Nether.
Adult Striders have 20 HP (10 hearts) and drop 2-5 String along with experience points on death.
Tadpoles are passive, aquatic mobs commonly found in both Swamp biomes that wander around aimlessly underwater.
These grow up to become any of the three variants of Frogs, depending upon their location. Tadpoles have 6 HP (3 hearts) and drop nothing if killed.
Tropical Fish Mob
Tropical Fish is a passive mob that spawns in Mangrove Swamps, Warm and Lukewarm Oceans, as well as Lush Caves.
There are about 2,700 natural variants of Tropical Fish, and they have 3-6 HP (1.5-3 hearts) depending upon your game edition.
Upon death, they drop Tropical Fish, Bone Meal, Bones, and exp points.
Turtles are passive mobs that are primarily used for harvesting Scute, which is dropped by baby Turtles once they mature.
This Mob naturally spawns in Beach biomes and is usually clustered together in groups of 5.
Turtles have 30 health points (15 hearts) and drop Seagrass and experience points if killed.
A Villager is one of the most significant passive mobs in Minecraft.
Villagers live together as groups in Villages, choose professions, and interact with one another and the player – through trading.
Villagers naturally spawn in Villages generated in all biomes, have 20 HP (10 Hearts), and drop nothing if killed.
The attire a Villager wears depends upon its Village biome.
Wandering Trader Mob
The Wandering Trader is a passive mob that randomly spawns along with two Llamas within a 48-block radius of the player.
The Mob has 6 random items in its inventory and, as the name suggests, can trade these with the player.
The Wandering Trader will despawn after 2-3 in-game days, has 20 HP (10 hearts), and typically drops nothing if killed.
Read more: Ore Distribution in Minecraft 1.19
Neutral Mobs in Minecraft 1.19
|Neutral Mobs in Minecraft 1.19|
|Panda, Piglin, Polar Bear|
Bees are flying mobs that spawn in beehives and bee nests commonly found in Meadows, Plains, Forests, and the Mangrove Swamp.
They can fly and attack the player in a swarm if provoked and have 2-3 attack strength scaling with the game difficulty settings.
Bees have 10 HP (5 hearts) and drop experience points if killed.
Cave Spider Mob
The Cave Spider is a primarily neutral mob that is only spawned through a Mob Spawner in Mineshafts.
This Mob turns hostile if the light level is less than 7 and has 2-3 attack strength (dependent on game difficulty) along with the possibility of inflicting poison.
Cave Spiders have 12 health points (6 hearts) and can drop String, Spider Eye, and experience upon death.
Dolphins are neutral mobs that spawn in groups of 3-5 exclusively between levels 50 to 64 in all variants of the Ocean biome.
You’ll receive a speed boost if you swim near this Mob.
Dolphins have 10 HP (5 hearts) and 2.5-4.5 attack strength according to your difficulty settings.
The Enderman is a teleporting neutral mob that can spawn in all dimensions and biomes of the game.
He wanders around, can pick up blocks, and has 40 health points (20 hearts).
Enderman attack strength scales between 4.5-10 as the in-game difficulty is increased, and he can drop Ender Pearls and exp points if killed.
Goats are neutral mobs that spawn in the Frozen and Jagged Peaks, as well as Snowy Slopes biomes.
This Mob spawns in 2-3 groups, can jump very high, and rams its targets.
The Goat mob has 10 HP (5 hearts), an attack strength between 1-3 as per your game difficulty, and drops nothing but experience points upon death.
Iron Golem Mob
Iron Golems are neutral utility mobs that can spawn naturally in Villages, Pillager Outposts (trapped), or when built by the player.
They can help the player fight mobs or defend them from hostile ones.
Iron Golems deal 7.5-21.5 damage to other mobs and 4.75-32.25 damage to the player.
They have 100 HP (25 hearts) and drop Iron Ingots and Poppies when they die.
The Llama is a neutral mob that can generally be found in Windswept variations of Hills, Forests, Savanna, and Savanna Plateaus.
They can be tamed and used for the transportation of items.
Llamas have 1 attack strength, 15-30 HP (7.5-15 hearts), and drop Leather along with exp points when they die.
The Panda is a rare neutral mob that spawns in Sparse, Bamboo, and normal Jungles.
There are 7 different variations of Pandas based on their personalities.
They have 4-9 attack strength depending upon your in-game difficulty, 20 HP (10 hearts), and drop Bamboo along with exp when killed.
The Piglin is a primarily neutral mob that spawns exclusively in Nether Wastes, Crimson Forests, and Bastion Remnants.
This Mob becomes hostile unless the player equips at least 1 piece of Gold Armor and has general attack damage ranging from 2-13 (depending upon the game difficulty and attacks used).
The Piglin can sustain 16 HP (8 hearts) worth of damage and only drops exp points on death.
Polar Bear Mob
Polar Bears are neutral mobs spawning in all Frozen and Snowy biomes, along with the Frozen River having a light level higher than 7.
Adult Polar Bears turn hostile if they are with Cubs or if the player attacks one of their Cubs.
They have 3-8 attack strength (dependent on your game difficulty) and 30 health points (15 hearts).
Polar Bears can drop both cooked and Raw variants of Salmon and Cod along with exp points on death.
The Spider is a common, primarily neutral mob that spawns in groups of 1-4 on solid blocks in the Overworld with a light level of 0.
Spiders can also spawn through natural Mob Spawners and turn hostile towards the player under light level 11.
They can climb walls, have an attack strength of 2-4 according to your in-game difficulty settings, and have 16 HP (8 hearts).
They can drop String, Spider Eye, and experience points when killed.
Trader Llama Mob
The Trader Llama is a neutral mob that spawns in herds of 4-6 in the Windswept variations of Hills, Forests, Savanna, and Savanna Plateaus at light levels above 7.
They can be tamed and used for item transport.
Trader Llamas have 15-30 HP (7.5-15 hearts), 1 attack strength, and drop Leather along with experience on death.
A Wolf is a neutral mob that spawns in packs of 4 in regular and Snowy Taigas, Forests, Groves, and Old Growth Spruce and Pine Taigas.
A Wolf can be tamed to help fight hostile mobs alongside you.
They have 3-6 attack strength scaling with game difficulty, 8/20 HP (Wild and Tamed, respectively), and drop nothing but experience points if killed.
Zombified Piglin Mob
A Zombified Piglin, a variant of the Piglin, is a neutral mob that spawns in both the Nether and the Overworld.
Attacking a Zombified Piglin will cause all such mobs nearby to become hostile towards you.
They have 3-12 attack strength (depending upon your game difficulty and their attack stance), 20 HP (10 hearts), and can drop Gold Nuggets and Ingots, among other items, when killed.
Read more: All Minecraft Villager Jobs, Trades, and Blocks in 1.19
Hostile Mobs in Minecraft 1.19
|Hostile Mobs in Minecraft 1.19|
|Chicken Jockey, Creeper|
|Elder Guardian, Endermite, Evoker|
|Phantom, Piglin Brute, Pillager|
|Shulker, Silverfish, Skeleton, Skeleton Horseman, Slime, Spider Jockey, Stray|
|Warden, Witch, Wither Skeleton|
|Zoglin, Zombie, Zombie Villager|
The Blaze is a hostile mob that floats in the air and spawns exclusively in Nether Fortresses.
These mobs are highly aggressive and happen to be the only source of obtaining blaze Rods.
Blaze mobs have 4-9 attack strength (depending upon your in-game difficulty), 20 HP (10 hearts), and can drop Blaze Rods along with experience points when killed.
Chicken Jockey Mob
A Chicken Jockey is a rare hostile mob that has 5 variations with a 5% chance of spawning instead of a baby zombie if the spawn block contains a Chicken mob.
They have an attack strength range of 2-12 (depending upon the mob variant and in-game difficulty), 20 HP (10 hearts), and can drop several different items on death.
The Creeper is an iconic and commonly found hostile mob that generally spawns in solid blocks with light levels of 0.
This Mob prefers to sneak up on unwary targets and self-detonates, causing a devastating explosion.
Creepers have an attack strengths range of 22-127.5 (depending upon whether they are charged along with your difficulty settings) and 20 HP (10 hearts).
They can drop Gunpowder and experience points if killed by the player.
A Drowned is a hostile aquatic mob that generally spawns in Rivers and Ocean biomes or when a Zombie mob drowns.
They are very commonly found in water bodies and can drop Copper Ingots, Tridents, Rotten Flesh, and experience points when killed.
Drowned have 2.5-16 attack strength (depending upon the game difficulty and whether they’re wielding a Trident) and 20 HP (10 hearts).
Elder Guardian Mob
The Elder Guardian is the strongest and largest hostile aquatic Mob in Minecraft.
It’s an enormous variation of the Guardian mob that spawns naturally in Ocean Monuments.
The Elder Guardian has 40 HP (20 hearts), an attack strength of 5-12 (as per game difficulty), and can drop Prismarine Shards, Wet Sponge, Prismarine Crystals, Raw Cod, and experience points when killed.
The Endermite is the smallest hostile Mob in Minecraft that has a 5% chance of spawning each time you throw an Elder Pearl.
Endermites have 8 health points (4 hearts) and have an attack strength of 2-3 (scaling with in-game difficulty).
Endermen are hostile towards this Mob by default. Endermites drop nothing but experience points when killed.
The Evoker is a hostile Illager mob that can cast spells.
Spawning in Woodland Mansions and during Raids, Evoker happens to be the sole source of obtaining the Totem of Undying.
They have 24 HP (12 hearts), an attack strength of 6, and can drop the Totem of Undying, Emeralds, Ominous/Illager Banner, and experience points when killed.
The Ghast is a hostile mob exclusively found in Nether Wastes, Soul Sand Valleys, and Basalt Deltas.
Ghasts attack you by shooting explosive fireballs similar to the Blaze mob.
They have 10 HP (5 hearts), have an attack strength range of 6-25 (depending upon attack explosion radius and in-game difficulty), and can drop Ghast Tear, Gunpowder, and experience points when killed.
Guardians are hostile mobs found only in Ocean Monuments.
They have a similar appearance to Pufferfish and have 30 health points (15 hearts).
Guardians have 2-9 damage on their hits (depending upon whether they have their spikes enabled and your game difficulty) and can drop Raw/Cooked Cod, Prismarine Shard, and exp points on death.
A Hoglin is a hostile mob that only spawns in Crimson Forests and Bastion Remnants in the Nether.
These are breedable mobs that can drop Leather, Raw Porkchop, and experience when killed.
Hoglins have 40 HP (20 hearts) and 2.5-4.5 attack strength (scaling with game difficulty).
The Husk is a hostile mob that happens to be a variation of the Zombie mob and exclusively spawns in Desert biomes with a 0-light level.
These mobs spawn in groups of 4 and are immune to burning from sunlight, unlike regular Zombies.
Husks have 20 HP (10 hearts), attack strength range of 2.5-4.5 (dependent on game difficulty settings), and can drop Rotten Flesh and experience points when.
Magma Cube Mob
A Magma Cube is a hostile mob found in Bastion Remnants, Nether Wastes, Nether Fortresses, and Basalt Deltas exclusively in the Nether.
They’re similar to Slimes but have a higher jumping range and total damage dealt.
Magma Cubes have 1-16 HP (depending upon their size), 2.5-9 attack strength (scaling with size and game difficulty), and can drop Magma Cream and experience when killed.
Phantoms are undead, flying hostile mobs that can spawn at night in the Overworld if you haven’t slept in the past 3+ in-game days.
This spawn condition is reset each time you either go to bed or die.
Phantoms have 20 HP (10 hearts), attack strength of 2-9 (depending upon your game edition), and can drop Phantom Membranes and experience points on death.
Piglin Brute Mob
The Piglin Brute is a highly hostile variation of the Piglin that spawns exclusively in Bastion Remnants.
The player cannot barter, make them retreat, or distract them with gold.
Piglin Brutes will always attack the player, even if they’re wearing Gold Armor.
They have 50 HP (25 hearts), attack strength range between 4.5-19.5 (dependent on game edition and whether they’re armed or not), and can drop a Golden Axe and experience when killed.
A Pillager is the weakest variant of an Illager that commonly spawns in Patrols, Pillager Outposts, or Raids.
This Mob is armed with a Crossbow by default and guards its respective structure against hostiles.
Pillagers have 24 HP (12 hearts), an attack strength range of 2-5 (depending on their attack stance), and can drop a Crossbow, Arrows, Ominous/Illager Banner, and experience points on death.
The Ravager is a massive hostile mob that spawns in the third wave of a Raid.
These mobs have 100 HP (50 hearts) and attack you, Iron Golems, Villagers, and The Wandering Trader by default.
The Ravager does 6-18 damage on his attacks (depending on the attack type and in-game difficulty) and drops a Saddle and 20 experience orbs when killed.
Shulkers are hostile mobs that spawn in 17 different color variations in the End City exclusively.
They can blend in with the surrounding blocks to sneak up on the player and are the sole source of Shulker Shells in the game.
Shulkers have 30 HP (15 hearts), an attack strength of 4 while also causing the Leviathan effect, and can drop a Shulker Shell and experience upon death.
Silverfish are Pufferfish-like hostile mobs that can spawn from Mob Spawners in Strongholds or whenever you mine an infested block in the Mountains, Strongholds, Igloos, and Woodland Mansions.
They have 8 HP (4 hearts) and 1-1.5 attack strength (depending on in-game difficulty).
Silverfish only drop experience when killed.
The Skeleton is one of the most common hostile mobs found in Minecraft that spawns in the Overworld as well as the Nether.
The Skeleton wields a bow and, as such, performs ranged attacks dealing 1-5 damage based on your game version and difficulty settings.
They take burn damage from sunlight, have 20 HP (10 hearts), and can drop Bones, Arrows, and experience points upon death.
Skeleton Horseman Mob
The Skeleton Horseman is a hostile mob featuring a Skeleton mob riding an otherwise passive Skeleton Horse.
These mobs spawn exclusively from Skeleton Trap Horses that have a slight chance of being generated when a Horse mob is struck with lightning.
Skeleton Horsemen have the combined attributes of a Skeleton and Skeleton Horse mob and can drop Bones, Iron Ingots, Arrows, and a Bow on death.
Slimes are hostile cubical mobs that bounce around and spawn below level 40 of the Overworld, usually in caves.
It’s also possible for Slimes to spawn in Swamp biomes between layers 50-70, provided the light level is below 7.
These mobs have 1-16 HP (depending upon their size) and an attack strength range of 0-6 (depending upon their size and the in-game difficulty).
They can drop Slime Balls and experience points on death.
Spider Jockey Mob
The Spider Jockey is a rare hostile mob featuring a Spider/Cave Spider being ridden by a Skeleton, Wither Skeleton, or Stray.
A Spider has a 1% chance of spawning as a Spider Jockey whenever it generates.
Spider Jockeys have the combined HP of both Spider and Skeleton mobs and an attack strength range of 1-12 (depending upon the mob variation and in-game difficulty).
They have the same drops as an ordinary Spider and Skeleton mob.
The Stray is a variant of the Skeleton mob that’s hostile towards the player and spawns in Frozen River and Ocean, Snowy Plains, and Ice Spike biomes.
Similar to Skeletons, Strays are equipped with a Bow by default.
They can drop Bones, normal and Tipped Arrows, and experience points when killed.
The Vex is a hostile flying mob, similar to an Allay, that can be summoned by the Evoker mob.
They are equipped with a sword, can pass through walls, and have an attack strength between 5.5-13.5 (depending upon in-game difficulty).
The Vex mob has 14 HP (7 hearts) and only drops experience if killed.
Vindicators are a type of hostile Illager mobs which spawn in Woodland Mansions and wave 2 of a Raid.
They are equipped with an Axe and deal 3.5-19.5 damage (depending upon the in-game difficulty and whether they are armed or unarmed) on hit.
Vindicators have 24 health points (12 hearts) and can drop Emeralds, standard/Enchanted Iron Axe, Ominous/Illager Banner, and experience when killed.
The Warden is a non-boss hostile mob added to Minecraft in version 1.19 of the game.
He can be summoned in the Deep Dark biome by activating 4 Sculk Shrikers/Sensors in quick succession.
The Warden is the strongest mob in the game with 500 HP (250 hearts), 6-45 attack strength (depending upon the game difficulty and attack used), and drops a Sculk Catalyst and experience when killed.
Read more: Learn where to Find & Escape the Warden in 1.19.
Witches are hostile mobs that throw different Potions as their primary weapon in combat and can also use positive Potions such as healing themselves.
This Mob spawns in the Overworld in areas with a 0 light level, in Swamp (Witch) Huts, during Raids, and also has a chance of spawning whenever lighting strikes a Villager.
Witches deal 6-18 damage (depending upon Potion used), have 26 HP (13 hearts), and can drop several different items when killed.
Wither Skeleton Mob
The Wither Skeleton is a tall hostile variation of a normal Skeleton mob spawning exclusively in Nether fortresses or when a Whither reaches half-health.
They wield a Sword having the Whither effect on default and have an attack strength range of 5-12 (depending upon the in-game difficulty and excluding the Whither effect).
Wither Skeletons have 20 HP (10 hearts) and are the only mobs that can drop Wither Skeleton Skulls when killed.
The Zoglin is a hostile mob that spawns when a Hoglin mob passes over to the Overworld or The End for 15+ seconds.
They have an attack strength range of 0.25-12 (depending upon whether the Zoglin is a baby or adult and your game difficulty settings).
Zoglins have 40 health points (20 hearts) and can drop Rotten Flesh and experience points upon death.
Zombies are some of the most common hostile mobs in the game that spawn in the Overworld in areas with light level 0.
Zombies deal mele damage and prefer to attack in groups rather than individually.
They can spawn with equipment such as Armor and Swords and have a natural attack strength of 2.5-4.5 (scaling with game difficulty).
Zombies take burn damage from sunlight, have 20 HP (10 hearts), and can drop multiple items on death.
Zombie Villager Mob
The Zombie Villager is a combined variant of a Zombie and Villager mob that has a 5% chance of spawning each time the game generates normal Zombie mobs.
Zombie Villagers can be made to turn back into normal Villager mobs if given a Golden Apple while being inflicted with the Weakness status effect.
They have 20 HP (10 hearts), attack strength 2.5-4.5 (dependent on game difficulty settings), and can drop Rotten Flesh, active equipment, and experience points upon death.
Boss Mobs in Minecraft 1.19
|Boss Mobs in Minecraft 1.19|
Ender Dragon Mob
The Ender Dragons is a massive boss mob that spawns in and flies around the End city.
She has 200 HP (100 hearts) and is acknowledged to be the final boss of Minecraft.
The Ender Dragon can consistently regenerate health during its battle and has 3-15 attack strength (depending upon the attack used and the game difficulty).
She drops a Dragon Egg and a whopping 12,000 experience points if killed successfully.
The Wither is a hostile mob boss that comes in 2 variations and is constructed by the player themselves.
The Wither is a worthy foe having 300-600 HP (dependent upon your game edition) and 5-102 attack strength (dependent upon attack used and in-game difficulty settings).
It floats in the air and shoots explosive skulls at you.
Defeating a Wither boss mob always gives 1 Nether Star along with experience points.
Read more: Check out the 35 Best Minecraft Seeds in 1.19 | <urn:uuid:ea381b57-407f-4942-b934-95e7c2a9e55d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fantasytopics.com/passive-neutral-hostile-boss-mobs-minecraft-1-19/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.917505 | 7,476 | 1.78125 | 2 |
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