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Since 1976, Spinoff has profiled technologies that benefit from NASA investment and expertise. These developments have transformed into commercial products and services that are used throughout daily life, from your cell phone camera to the memory foam in your mattress.
We feature dozens of these success stories annually online and in our print publication, demonstrating the wider benefits of America’s investment in its space program.
When Congress created NASA, it mandated the agency disseminate its innovations as widely possible. To that end, the Technology Transfer Program was created in 1964, and it has functioned under various names ever since, making it NASA’s longest continuously operated mission.
Early publications about NASA inventions, made available to the scientific and engineering communities, resulted in feedback indicating a broad interest in the private sector in adapting NASA technology for commercial uses. As spinoff products began to emerge, NASA began preparing annual reports on these successes to present at congressional budget hearings. These black-and-white Technology Utilization Program Reports, published in 1973 and ‘74, generated so much public interest that NASA decided to turn them into an attractive publication for a general audience.
The first four-color edition of Spinoff was published shortly after, and it has been released every year since. Today we publish our stories year-round online. All together, since our first edition, we’ve shared the stories of more 2,000 products and services that began as, or have benefited from, NASA technology.
In addition to the general public, we send copies of Spinoff to politicians, representatives at the United Nations, economic decision makers, company CEOs, academics, scientists, engineers, professionals in technology transfer, the news media, and many others. (To request a copy of the latest issue, send us your address here.) | <urn:uuid:a8eb0081-ae2c-475f-b6c9-330ba28d4d96> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://spinoff.nasa.gov/spinoff | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.949303 | 374 | 2.21875 | 2 |
I have developed my own form of the Huichol yarn paintings which I call textile paintings. Huichol culture is indigenous to Western Central Mexico. I combine acrylic and novelty yarns to create works that reflect my interpretation of indigenous cultures both Native American and African. I also create individual projects on request that honor specific individuals and their journey through life.
Indigenous - 25-1/8" square framed, museum glass SOLD
Indigenous - Detail
Bartram's Gold - Work in Progress
Bartram's Gold - Finished - 16-1/2" h x 12-3/4" w, framed, museum glass
Bartram's Gold - Composite
Bartram’s Gold” was inspired by the chamber designed and utilized at Sandia National Laboratories for the investigations of surface chemistry in Ultra-High Vacuum - the controlled environment necessary to sustain both pristine conditions and the vacuum necessary to allow the use of charged particle-based analytical spectroscopies.
This Huichol-based art form captures the unique spirit of the beauty created when engineering merges with science, as seen in the photos of this “analytical lab in a can”. | <urn:uuid:7454e1d8-1fe2-423a-a11f-bc4eb4edd98f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sheilaburke.com/landscapes | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.900048 | 262 | 1.710938 | 2 |
1. Tending or able to repercuss; having the power of sending back; causing to reverberate.
Ye repercussive rocks! repeat the sound. --W. Pattison.
2. Repellent. [Obs.] “Blood is stanched by astringent and repercussive medicines.”
3. Driven back; rebounding; reverberated. “Rages loud the repercussive roar.”
Re·per·cuss·ive, n. A repellent. [Obs.] | <urn:uuid:adb45867-2dcf-419f-8cfe-8dac07885d63> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://dict.tw/dict/repercussive | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.754386 | 142 | 2.28125 | 2 |
Thérèse Duggan recently received her official credentials from Human Resources, allowing her to join VA’s volunteer force as a physician ambassador. Why would a retired registered nurse continue her license seven years after retiring, only to volunteer?
Through a nationwide program created by VA, retired medical practitioners can sign up to volunteer at a VA medical center. They serve alongside Veterans’ care teams. Together, they provide advanced skill sets and assist our nation’s heroes by becoming a physician ambassador.
“I wanted to do vaccinations and I liked the idea of only coming in for a few hours once or twice a week,” Duggan said. “If I want to volunteer for more time, I can [do that] without the obligation of being on payroll. I think volunteering when you’re retired is a really good match because I can make my own schedule and still get the gift of helping people.
“I didn’t want to return to the busy and chaotic atmosphere of the emergency department – with the records keeping and long hours. I traded most of my life for that and in several occasions everything else came second. But I still want to help.
“If you told me that I couldn’t help people, it would be just like a death sentence. Health care workers get into this line of work because we like to help people and we like the interaction. We know that our kindness, our love and our smile can make a real difference in someone’s life. Certainly, here at VA.”
From oncology to ICU to UC Irvine
Duggan returned as a volunteer seven years after retiring.
As a third-generation nurse, Duggan (photo above) felt the calling to attend nursing school in 1974 in downtown Los Angeles in the big inner-city California Hospital. It was a full immersion experience.
From there, she went to work at Martin Luther Hospital in Anaheim where she started in oncology. After only one year, she was pulled into ICU and trained as an ICU nurse.
Years later, she attended the University of California at Irvine, where they worked hand in hand with the VA facilities in Santa Ana, Long Beach and Laguna Woods to assist Veterans with medical needs.
“My husband served during the Cold War in the Navy. I’ve always felt connected to our Veterans,” she said, on her connection to VA. Her career continued through all departments in medicine, from emergency room to leadership to now, as an ambassador.
Volunteering as an ambassador
The Physician Ambassador Program is a national program. It seeks to enhance health care services to Veterans and their families while providing a streamlined process for volunteer civilian physicians and clinicians to give back to Veteran community.
The program is without compensation for licensed physicians and clinicians who wish to serve in a volunteer role to deliver health care services to Veterans.
Here’s more information.
Duggan is a blessing to everyone she encounters and VA is honored to receive her generosity. If you’re a retired, licensed medical practitioner, consider joining the Physician Ambassador Program as a volunteer to our Veterans.
Shane Whitecloud is a VA public affairs officer and Navy Veteran. | <urn:uuid:9ee6c0b0-3c9e-4bf8-8258-e5a3028c35e7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blogs.va.gov/VAntage/86092/nurse-returns-retirement-help-heal-veterans/?utm_source=VRvpbottomlink&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=VetResources | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.971183 | 669 | 1.5625 | 2 |
In addition to regular German classes I also offer conversation lessons with a focus on general conversation topics, such as basic conversation starters, family, work, hobbies, travels, eating & drinking, etc. We can also talk about the Viennese and living in Vienna, the tasks after relocation, your new work environment, being an expatriate, feelings of culture shock, and about the Austrian culture, society, language, (business) etiquette, manners, customs or any other topic you'd like to.
Living and working abroad means, you not only need communications skills but also cross-cultural awareness to perform various language-related duties, in which I also can stand by your side. In a private German lesson you can speak about all of your impressions, experiences and unfamiliar situations you encounter in a German speaking environment, which can greatly help you to adapt and cope with the various relocating and intercultural issues.
Private conversation training is highly interactive with about 50% participation, since you are the only one learner, so you'll speak a lot based on question-answer sequences, which really can help you master everyday communication with the natives :-) Also available as online course via Skype / ZOOM / Hangouts / WhatsApp/ Facebook Messenger, or on the phone.
1-to-1 classes allow as much speaking time as possible. I'll help you to improve your accuracy and fluency by carefully correcting your pronunciation and grammar, writing down mistakes and encouraging correct use and practice. In our conversation class we'll have a good cuppa tea or coffee and discuss topics you choose, we can speak about everything and anything. No textbook, no homework, only if you want some, and as few a grammar as necessary. You'll use your conversation skills for (business) small talk or chit-chat, sharpen your listening comprehension and pronunciation, practice everyday vocabulary and build your personal vocabulary, all in all improve your ability to act/ask and react/answer.
Join me for a walk! This is an excellent opportunity to improve your fluency and get to know some nice places at the very heart of Vienna. Classes take place outdoor, somewhere in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 9th district, such as Vienna Old Town, Augarten, Prater, Stadtpark, Votivpark, Volksgarten, Burggarten, Rathauspark etc. We can also go for a strolling in the Mariahilferstraße and do some (window) shopping, get a coffee and a cake in one of Vienna's famous coffeehouses and if you like, I also show you some of my Geheimtipps in the city center.
I'm a highly qualified and experienced translator and a language teacher for German and Hungarian. I have taught both in the private sector and in numerous language schools, adults and children of different ages. I can offer Hungarian to university level, for this is my mother-tounge, and German to B1 level since I live and work in Vienna for more than 20 years now. I came here to study and made my Bachelor degree in Transcultural Communication and a Master degree in Translation and Terminology Sciences at the University of Vienna, then settled down with a good man and built a family.
I also have a teaching qualification for 'German as a Foreign Language' from the University of Kassel in Germany, and a didactic training on the renowned BERLITZ-method for 'Native Speaker Language Teachers'. Usually I work from home, where I have a vast library of teaching resources such as worksheets, textbooks, picture dictionaries, flash-cards, games and lots of books for Beginners with German-English parllel texts, short stories for Easy Readers etc.,
Since no two learners are alike, I use varying tutoring approaches, whereby enjoyment is an important factor in my lessons. I very much like to use language games, cards, songs, short stories, videos and the internet to teach my languages, for I do believe that learning German, as well as Hungarian, can be fun. I aim to foster a friendly but professional relationship with each of my students, to build their confidence and self belief when they learn a new language. German can be an extremely challenging language and as an experienced German tutor I really can help you learning it.
I'll work alongside you at the speed that works for you best. In the first lesson we'll analyse your needs, noting your strengths and weaknesses. My German lessons involve paying particular attention to everyday vocabulary, focusing on the most important grammar topics, providing good practice in colloquial Austrian. Should you need help with any particular area of difficulty, we can target them of course.
Why choose me?
Organization: The German lessons can be 60, 90 or 120 minutes in length according to your preferences and your schedule. You can also bring your colleague, friend or spouse and take semi-private lessons in our home-office in the 2nd district. Home tutoring at your place or in-house trainings at your company are also possible by agreement, please ask for an individual price offer.
Even though we can arrange your lessons at short notice, I usually require 3-4 days in advance to book your lesson at your preferred time. How to cancel a lesson: If you can't attend the lesson, I need you to cancel our appointment in time and give me notice 24 hours in advance, but at least on the day before our appointment by no later than 18:00 by phone, e-mail or per SMS. Otherwise I'll have to charge 100% of the lesson fee, since I reserved that time slot for you and can not rearrange my day on such a short notice. Thank you.
Speak, speak, speak! German conversation groups in Vienna for free
Try to be (more) confident and speak as often as possible, to as many people as you possibly can. Do not be shy to make mistakes! The more you practice the better and quicker you get in speaking, and the more confident you'll become in your pronunciation and vocabulary. Remember, speaking is a skill like learning a music instrument or new sport: The only way you can get good is to actually do it.
So, if you really want to improve your spoken German I strongly recommend you to try one of these conversation groups in Vienna. Most of them are free of charge and without obligations, some are even without registration so you can just pop in whenever you want to, but ask the organizer anyway. Be fearless and expose yourself!
And there are also some Facebook-groups for learning German together, where you have to become a member to be able to join in:
And of course you could try tandem-learning with someone interested in your language:
In these groups you can discuss all your favourite topics in German. Ask a lot of questions, try to use as much (new) vocabulary as you can, listen to the
others carefully and write down new words and phrases; that way you'll use all your senses effectively.
It is also a great opportunity to make friends with German native speakers, or other people learning German with whom you can (and should) compare notes, exchange ideas and talk about things you've learnt in your regular German courses.
Communicating is not a skill we're born with, we arrive knowing how to make sounds, but our oral language skills, or ability to communicate through speaking, developed over time.
The most obvious part of oral language skills is vocabulary, passive and active. In order to effectively communicate, you have to build up a sufficient amount of different words. Phonological skills are also important in order to ensure the correct pronunciation of a word. Having a functional understanding of grammar rules and the order of words for the language is also crucial. This is called syntax or word order, which shows you how to put words together to form sentences correctly. The next component of oral language skills is understanding the word parts and forms, known as morphological skills. These skills deal with the three different parts of a word: the prefix, the root word, and the suffix, and how to put these components together or take them apart to alter the meaning of a word. And the last component is called pragmatics of oral language, which deals with understanding the social rules of communication, to know when and how it's appropriate to speak with different persons and in various situations. | <urn:uuid:0c698189-39c0-4b9f-95c2-a4c18cabc67d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.germanteacher.at/conversation-classes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.963558 | 1,719 | 1.5 | 2 |
The Unexposed Secret of Motorcycle Modern Machines
Other engineering modifications resulting in improved fuel efficiency include Active Grille Shutter – a new system that improves aerodynamics by using vents to find out airflow by the grille to the cooling system and engine compartment. Underneath this association, if air is needed to cool the engine the vents are opened; but if no airflow is required, the vents are closed, by that significantly slashing aerodynamic drag.
Properly, utilization primarily based insurance coverage is a really innovative creation that is now quickly rising in recognition in South Africa. Increasingly individuals like the thought of solely paying for insurance related on to how far they have driven each month. Usage based mostly insurance coverage is popularly referred to as pay as you drive insurance in South Africa and is based on a cent per kilometre rate. Your insurance firm will create a cent per kilometre charge based on your risk profile. Fortunately, most usage based insurance coverage firms will not start charging you till you’ve got pushed over a certain amount of kilometres. Naturally, you will have a small set fee that it’s a must to pay every month which contributes to your vehicle’s theft threat, and can cover you if your automobile is stolen, or if there is any damage brought on by something else moreover a collision.
A� Has more energy for uphill and off street
Keep in mind too that buying a automobile on finance is a large dedication – it is virtually as large a commitment as a mortgage for the same sum of money, however is often extra beneficial for the tip consumer, as automobile finance is designed to assist the easy purchase of a dream automotive. And once you’ve got got your dream automotive, bear in mind to take pleasure in it and the new discovered freedom that you’ve purchased your self – in spite of everything – you’ve got earned it!
Lesson: Nurturing our mind, physique and spirit retains us wholesome and fit. Whereas this includes a wholesome intake, it additionally means defending our Self from people and situations that may damage us. Being aware of what these are allows us to be proactive. Whereas we cannot keep away from every thing, we are able to direct our vitality on moving forward relatively than damage control.
Turbocharged 4 Value 1: Evaluate Prices On-line Used or New.
Vision – Long vs Short Time period A� Double crown fork The third prevention tip is to secure objects that are of a necessity to journey with you in a motorcar, retailer them within the car’s glove compartment or trunk’s inside. Additionally it is a really valuable tip on the subject of auto theft prevention.
Proudly, I’m an owner of a Harley Davidson Softail-Deluxe. To make a long story short, I now perceive why Harley owners love their bikes and from where their satisfaction and loyalty originate. It isn’t just the bike but the kinship of the people who personal them. We are a distinct breed. Anyone can own a Harley-Davidson Cruiser, V rod, Sportster or Softail, however not every owner is essentially a part of the “family” nor do they really feel the delight and loyalty to their motorcycles we really feel.
Other insurance coverage firms blame the rise in premiums on personal damage claims and isn’t only true on your policies, but for the general public as effectively. The AA states that the common comprehensive automobile cowl rose a whopping 18 per cent in 2009 alone – with extra rises in 2010 expected! | <urn:uuid:7dedf5f5-ff28-411e-bacb-43035d914adf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bluejaysplus.com/the-unexposed-secret-of-motorcycle-modern-machines.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.946378 | 743 | 1.71875 | 2 |
Today is the United States of America’s premier celebration of liberty and freedom.
Had a discussion in my neighborhood coffee shop today about how America is binding it’s citizens into materialistic and corporate and short-sighted captivities—just imagine the poor folk “chained” to their televisions and believing what they see…
Of course, “freedom” and “liberty” can be perceived from the material plane or the spiritual plane.
First, just today, from a New Zealand news source, there’s a story of the joyous liberation of French-Colombian politician Ingrid Betancourt—six years in captivity:
“She bathed fully dressed to shield herself from her watchful male captors.
“Asked if they raped her, she said: ‘I have had painful experiences . . . but I don’t want to talk about this here, now at this time of happiness.'”
“Her attempts to escape captivity brought punishments – being chained at the neck, deprived of food and made to trek between camps barefoot.
“In the letter to her mother released last year, she wrote: ‘I’ve tried to keep my head above water, but Mom, I have given up. . . Your daily suffering, and the suffering of everyone, makes death seems like a sweet option.'”
And, on this Western holiday of liberty and freedom, I give you the words of an Eastern man, held captive for 40 years:
“Materially, man is the prisoner of nature; the least wind disturbs him, the cold hurts him, the heat incommodes him, a mosquito irritates him; but when we consider the intelligence of man, an elephant is powerless before him, a lion is his prisoner, and a boy of twelve can lead twelve hundred animals. Man dries up the sea, inundates the desert, circumnavigates the globe, discovers what is under the earth, rides upon the air and creates new sciences. These are the signs of the crowning spiritual power of man—that power which can make nature his prisoner.
“Reflect on the divine forces. What has assembled us together? It is not a material but a spiritual force which has created this bond between our hearts, this attraction and affection for one another—a power stronger than reason, a power which founds nations, creates human unity and makes us renounce the world to discover sciences and organize laws which work through all creatures. Man, the victim of a mosquito, by his spiritual intelligence is conqueror, for by spirit he is completed; he stands upright and gives well-being to humanity.”
‘Abdu’l-Bahá, Divine Philosophy, p. 95
~ Unleash The Life Within ~ | <urn:uuid:c31a32f7-008e-48fb-97bf-7480e0451365> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://amzuri.wordpress.com/tag/liberty/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.946419 | 592 | 1.617188 | 2 |
At Picnics and Poetry, nothing is ever mass produced (slow-processes and slow-living is at the root of our existence), everything is handmade, and every process is made with the earth in mind.
All of the designers represented in the space use exclusively vintage, upcycled, organic/natural, or deadstock fabrics to create all of the pieces that you see. I believe so passionately that new doesn’t always mean better, and there is something incredibly magical about wearing pieces made from fibres born from the earth or from components that have lived an entire lifetime before you.
1% FOR THE PLANET
It is with great pride that Picnics and Poetry is a member of 1% For the Planet; an alliance of businesses that is committed to donating 1% of their sales every year to environmental groups. As the network has grown, 1% members have now raised more than 200 million dollars for environmental initiatives.
Every single decision behind the scenes is made with the environment in mind. All of the packaging used is plastic-free. I use recycled boxes, bags, and tissue paper. Our mailer bags are 100% biodegradable and compostable. Our stickers are acid-free and printed with soy-based inks (an eco-friendly alternative to petroleum-based inks).
In cases where you’ve received plastic packaging (i.e. packing peanuts or bubble wrap), it is always recycled and reused from what has been received from other shipments, never new. | <urn:uuid:e1b1bc1f-29de-4182-bc18-96268933a672> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.picnicsandpoetry.com/pages/sustainability | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.96579 | 328 | 1.523438 | 2 |
More than a year after the start of the global coronavirus pandemic, and the release of openDemocracy’s investigation into childbirth during COVID-19, we know that there have been too many violations of women’s pregnancy and childbirth rights during this crisis, including outright suspensions of services.
Too often, the response of governments and health facilities to the spreading pandemic quickly abandoned evidence-based, respectful care practices, without adequately considering alternatives – including via midwives and community-based care models – that could enhance infection prevention while also protecting such practices.
But there is also good news. Around the world, women, healthcare providers and (some) decision makers have imagined and implemented solutions in response to these problems. These innovations, crafted in a time of crisis, hold very valuable lessons.
At the level of healthcare providers and facilities, damaging top-down changes that suspended rights and services were mitigated in some contexts by rapid adaptations to uphold respectful care in the face of COVID-19 challenges.
After a six-month openDemocracy investigation, major aid donors and NGOs have said they will investigate anti-LGBT ‘conversion therapy’ at health facilities run by groups they fund.
But unlike the other aid donors, US aid agency PEPFAR has not responded at all.
Please sign this petition to show that it must take action now.
In Croatia, for example, staff at the small Čakovec General Hospital – which serves a population north of the capital Zagreb with a high proportion of Roma women – resisted banning birth companions at a time when 90% of the country’s hospitals did so. Instead, they decided to procure COVID-19 rapid antigen tests for both the expectant mother and her companion, to ensure that women could have birth companions and remain with their babies at all times – a correct and best practice for optimal health outcomes.
In the Netherlands and in Mexico, midwives used hotels and newly established ‘maternity homes’, respectively, for birth and postpartum care for healthy women with low-risk pregnancies. This minimised their exposure to COVID-19 and also ensured their autonomy during birth.
Digital and telehealth alternatives enabled women to talk to doctors and other healthcare professionals via virtual consultations (UK), and facilitated self-care through YouTube videos (Japan) and online group birth preparation classes (mostly in high-income countries).
However, this shift to online methods also exacerbated inequalities. One doctor in India noted that “the use of the phone, SMS and WhatsApp is a success for telemedicine, but only 30% of the people have a smartphone.”
For women facing intersecting barriers to accessing healthcare, it was community-based health workers, especially midwives, who stepped in and stepped up.
In Mexico, groups of midwives in the states of Chiapas, San Luis Potosí and Oaxaca coordinated ‘care brigades’ to visit women in remote, predominantly Indigenous communities. In Alaska, Indigenous women have approved the return to traditional practices of being supported by a midwife to give birth at home, where they can speak their native language and have family nearby. Before the pandemic, they were often encouraged – or even required – to travel hundreds of miles south to give birth.
In Croatia, Slavojka Aresnović, a midwife working on the island of Korčula, accompanied pregnant and birthing women on their precarious 100-kilometre ambulance journey over bumpy roads to the nearest hospital – which is in Dubrovnik on the mainland.
Community-based maternity care
With COVID-19 far from over and growing disparities and inequities in health outcomes around the world, what can we learn from the solutions crafted during the pandemic about restructuring and improving the ways that maternity care is delivered?
Countries around the world have long abandoned community midwifery services in favour of centralised care, but the pandemic has shown how dangerous it is to rely on a single form of care delivery during emergencies. It is past time to reinstate community-based models of care, including community midwifery services. Diversity in the who, where and how of healthcare delivery allows for adaptation during crises. | <urn:uuid:4214317d-63a2-4b47-b034-cd864db555e4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://innovatorsnewshubb.com/covid-19-shows-how-dangerous-it-is-to-neglect-midwives-and-community-care/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.957715 | 881 | 2.40625 | 2 |
Miss Malawi winner vows to promote education for girls
Barriers to education, Child marriage, Girls' education, Right to education
University graduate Cecelia Khofi said she believes education is the best way to bring about meaningful change in the African country.
The winner of the Miss Malawi title has promised to use her voice to promote education for girls.
Cecelia Khofi, who has a Bachelor of Science degree in nutrition, said she believed that encouraging more girls to succeed at school would help to tackle many of the country’s problems, including overpopulation.
The 23-year-old, who works for the ministry of health, added: “I believe education is the best weapon in bringing about positive change in our society.”
Cecelia is also a human rights activist who works with organisations to fight gender-based violence and human trafficking.
She said education was “the strongest mitigation measure for overpopulation”.
Child marriage, teenage pregnancies and the non-use of contraceptives have become hot topics in Malawi, where the population has grown rapidly to 16 million.
First Lady Dr Gertrude Mutharika had called on the Miss Malawi contestants to be agents of change.
She said: “As beautiful young women I urge you to go out there and be good role models to the young girls.
“Go out there and be advocates of girls’ education. Denounce and condemn all obstacles standing in the way of girls’ education.”
The Miss Malawi runner-up was 21-year-old Nthanda Lizzie Manduwi, who has a degree in Social Sciences (double majoring in economics and demography) from Chancellor College – the same school where Cecelia graduated.
About one in 10 primary-age children in Malawi are out of school. But when it comes to secondary education, fewer than 40% of females now aged 25 and over had some secondary schooling.
Half of all girls in Malawi are married by the age of 18 – and one in eight by 15. They are more likely to drop out of school, get pregnant early and suffer physical and emotional violence.
A legal loophole allowed those aged 15 to 18 to continue to marry if they had parental consent – but that was changed by law in February. | <urn:uuid:572d7495-32a9-4998-a6dd-11c19d99f3ae> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://theirworld.org/news/miss-malawi-to-promote-girls-education/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.971089 | 483 | 2.171875 | 2 |
This summer, children across the country got more screen time than parents thought possible, but one young entrepreneur discovered a novel way to turn game time into learning time.
Warren Eshpeter, founder of the STEM advocacy group Let’s Go to Space, turned the virtual world of Minecraft — a popular video game where players build their own mining operation — into a space where virtual campers can explore the basics of engineering, coding and astronomy.
Eshpeter’s virtual tech attracted campers, and by summer’s end his growth strategy to reach elementary and middle school-age students was judged the winner of the UGA Entrepreneurship Program’s Summer Launch pitch contest, along with a $5,000 cash prize.
Before the pandemic, Eshpeter originally conceived of Let’s Go to Space as a STEM outreach program that would send engineers and scientists into elementary, middle and high school classrooms. The mentors would introduce students to aerospace technology and engineering fundamentals with hands-on activities.
“I originally went into Summer Launch looking for a plan to expand our volunteer base so we could expand outreach,” said Eshpeter, who attended UGA’s College of Engineering and Georgia Tech. “My advisors told me I had one hour to develop something outreach-related that people could buy on our website.”
Later that night, Eshpeter had a slate of online camps planned, and his first campers signed up.
With the help of Terry College of Business Master of Accountancy student Jack Wall, serving as chief financial officer, Eshpeter was able to launch the camp series when kids needed it the most. Hosted in virtual spaces that Eshpeter created in Minecraft, Let’s Go to Space attracted more than 250 campers from Atlanta to Vancouver, British Columbia.
All of this summer’s topics centered around the science of space — from rockets to radio waves. Each camp required campers to work together to solve puzzles and overcome obstacles in Minecraft’s virtual world.
Eshpeter is still building his roster of engineers and STEM college students, and he hopes to achieve liftoff this school year, but the Summer Launch experience proved that successful outreach can be done virtually and impact more students.
Let’s Go to Space is applying for grant funding, and Eshpeter stands a better chance now that he has shown the startup is adaptable and can generate some income, said Summer Launch organizer James Flannery, a lecturer with the Entrepreneurship Program.
Adaptation was key for each of the teams competitively chosen for Summer Launch, Flannery said.
“Traditionally, the Summer Launch Program has relied on in-person instruction to teach and guide teams,” he said. “Just like we had to alter our teaching approach due to COVID, I believe the change helped our entrepreneurs trust that they could also re-imagine their businesses in light of these challenges.”
Each startup is given $5,000 in capital when they begin the eight-week program.
The other student teams that completed the boot camp were:
- Eye Drool Designs, an app that matches tattoo customers and artists created by UGA College of Engineering student Kendra Garcia.
- Good Dough, a health food startup created by Tull School of Accounting student Knox Watson.
- Stachios, a pistachio granola bar startup created by UGA dietetics graduate student George Mouhawesse.
- Rooted in the Loop, created by social work graduate student Emilee Henry, whose startup idea is a meal delivery company that offers plant-based meals.
Summer Launch is sponsored by the UGA Entrepreneurship Program, whose mission is to help develop the mindset of future entrepreneurs and prepare students for business leadership roles. | <urn:uuid:55ae50dc-fac5-4849-a717-2d32c041c573> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.terry.uga.edu/news/stories/2020/uga-summer-launch-program-gives-cosmic-startup-its-liftoff | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.957695 | 794 | 2.59375 | 3 |
STOIC2021 - COVID-19 AI Challenge
Can you predict from a CT scan who will develop severe COVID-19?
We are launching an artificial intelligence challenge aimed at predicting the severe outcome of COVID-19, based on the largest dataset of Computed Tomography (CT) images of COVID-19 suspects and patients collected to date. Participants will have access to data from the STOIC project, recently published in Radiology. The STOIC project collected CT images of 10,735 individuals suspected of being infected with SARS-COV-2 during the first wave of the pandemic in France, from March to April 2020.
The focus of the challenge is the prediction of severe COVID-19, defined as intubation or death within one month from the acquisition of the CT scan (AUC, primary metric). COVID19 positivity will be assessed as a secondary metric in the leaderboard.
The STOIC 21 challenge will be organized in two phases, a qualification round and a final round.
In the qualification round, participating teams can use a publicly available sample of the STOIC dataset, consisting of 2000 scans and released under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license, for training. Participants must upload their solutions as a Docker container to https://grand-challenge.org/algorithms/.
The test set consists of 1000 scans from the STOIC dataset. During the qualification round, a subset of this test set will be used to compute entries on the initial leaderboard. At the end of the qualification round, each team can submit one Algorithm to the final leaderboard where the full test set will be processed.
The best-performing teams will be invited to participate in the final round. For this round, the finalists will upload a Docker container that can train an improved model, using the model from the qualification round as a starting point. The code for this container needs to be released under a permissive open-source license. This container will be trained on the grand-challenge.org platform, hosted on AWS, in a secure and protected environment with all scans from the entire STOIC dataset (minus the 1000 test scans, of course). The resulting solutions will be made available on https://grand-challenge.org/algorithms/ for research use.
Three top-performing solutions will be rewarded with AWS credits as follows.
🥇1st place: AWS credits to the value of $10,000.
🥈2nd place: AWS credits to the value of $6,000.
🥉3rd place: AWS credits to the value of $4,000.
For detailed information see the Challenge Overview.
This challenge is sponsored by AWS and endorsed by MICCAI. | <urn:uuid:12473f08-327a-40e4-9417-e832d0ea039f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://stoic2021.grand-challenge.org/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.910773 | 582 | 1.890625 | 2 |
The European Centre for Modern Languages (ECML) of the Council of Europe is pleased to announce the completion in both English and French of its resource website “A guide to teacher competences for languages in education” (www.ecml.at/guidetoteachercompetences), an output of the ECML programme “Languages at the heart of learning” (2016-2019).
This comprehensive resource platform has been developed for teacher educators and those responsible for teacher education programmes. It provides an overview of frameworks and descriptions of language teacher competences in various contexts, as well as national and regional standards or guidelines for all teachers working in public education. Having considered the overview, users can then examine more closely those frameworks that are potentially useful to them in their specific roles.
A key focus is also to raise users’ awareness of the ways in which initial and in-service teacher education and the resources developed to support it, contribute to the fundamental aims and values of the Council of Europe – i.e. ensuring quality education for all for effective participation in democratic, social cohesive and inclusive societies. These aims and values are more important than ever, with Covid-19 creating further social and linguistic divides.
“A guide to teacher competences for languages in education”
Click on the links below to go directly to the different resources: | <urn:uuid:6f64b1cf-6cca-44bb-af72-ed1815fc4613> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ecml.at/News/TabId/643/ArtMID/2666/ArticleID/1633/%EF%BF%BD%EF%BF%BD%EF%BF%BDA-guide-to-teacher-competences-for-languages-in-education%EF%BF%BD%EF%BF%BD%EF%BF%BD-New-resource-website-for-teacher-educators-and-designers-of-teacher-education-programmes.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.932741 | 296 | 2.71875 | 3 |
Today I shall speak on a topic that I feel is important.
All of us have encountered the “” norm in Functional Analysis. In , for . In the dual space , . What is the utility of this “sup” norm? Why can’t our norm be based on “inf” or the infimum? Or even ?
First we’ll talk about . Let us take a straight line on the plane, and a sequence of continuous functions converging to it. How do we know they’re converging? Through the norm. Had the norm been , convergence would only have to be shown at one point. For example, according to this norm, the sequence converges to . This does not appeal to our aesthetic sense, as we’d want the shapes of the graphs to gradually start resembling .
Now let’s talk about . If we had the norm, then we might not have been able to take every point and show that the sequence is a cauchy sequence. So what if we cannot take every and say is a cauchy sequence? This would crush the proof. How? Because then would not resemble the terms of the cauchy sequence at all points in , and hence we wouldn’t be able to comment on whether is linear for all or not. Considering that contains only bounded linear operators, the limit of the cauchy sequence not being a part of would prove that is not complete. Hence, in order for us to be able to prove that is linear and that is complete, we need to use the norm. | <urn:uuid:00b0e4a1-7fef-4d22-8f3f-57d71093bf01> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cozilikethinking.wordpress.com/2013/10/16/the-supremum-norm/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.960875 | 329 | 2.640625 | 3 |
7 steps an art expert should take in the research of authenticity of art
For example, a client in Abu Dhabi consults me to make research on a Picasso he discovered in his attic.
First, I ask the customer to send very high-quality photos front and back of the artwork. If there are labels, notations on the frame or the stretcher, accidents to the painting, we will request photos of this. I analyze these photos and decide if we are in the presence of a “potential” real Picasso or not. If elements show that Picasso could not have made the painting, we let the owner know and explain why we will not research authenticity.
I ask the owner to give me an explanation on how he came in possession of the artwork. This is called provenance. I need to receive a complete verifiable history of the painting with as much details as possible. If there is only little provenance, I will explain to the customer that it will be difficult to obtain an authentication but not impossible. I will try, if we have an agreement on my future proposal to make the research, to find traces of the painting in galleries, museums etc. At this step, I will ask to give me close up photos of details of the painting, signature, brushstrokes, important details of the painting, a close up of the canvas itself, etc. Until this point, there is no charge for the spent time.
Step 3: If all these elements show the possibility of an authentic painting by Picasso, I will mention that I need to see the painting or in Abu Dhabi, or in Los Angeles, or in any location convenient for both of us. At this point, we will convene on a first proposal to analyze the painting itself, including plane fair, accommodation, and a flat fee for the time to spend.
Step 4: Painting is analyzed on site.
If the painting still looks like a potential authentic Picasso, I will propose the customer to start a research file for authentication. I will submit a second proposal to make this research file. The painting will remain at all times in the hands of the owner. Often both proposals, mentioned in step3 and 4, are made in one and only proposal.
The file is submitted to the sole recognized universal authenticator, in this case to the Picasso Administration in Paris. Each painter has his own sole recognized universal authenticator.
Some authenticators, foundations, or committees, may request - a fee to process the file of the research to have the painting physically analyzed
Like the “Comite Chagall” some committees have only two sessions a year to analyze the files. For this reason, a research of authentication will take from 3-4 months up to 6-7 months and sometimes much longer. The Getty museum needed 10 years to obtain the authentication of a painting made by Raphael, owned by a British gentleman. Finally they could not buy the painting because the UK government refuses the export of the painting to the USA.
The authenticator, the committees, the foundation will give or a certificate of authenticity or a confirmation that the painting will be included in the next “catalogue raisonne” for the artist.
As explained in my last post about the fakes and the internet experts, experts today are reluctant to give certificates of authenticity, because an unhappy owner can sue them if the result of the request is negative. To avoid that problem, the sole recognized authenticator will publish a “catalogue raisonne” of the works by the artist. This catalog will include all the works with their photo usually in black and white, with details of the provenance, the sizes, the date and location of creation, title.
If a certificate of authenticity is accepted it will include:
- a photo of the painting - the details of the painting : size, annotations, signature, labels, period painting was made - the date the certificate was made
- the signature of the expert, with his complete detail of address
- the professional stamp of the expert.
- and usually but not always, a reference number to the archives of the expert.
Here an example of a fake certificate of authenticity :
It looks real, but 1 major element is missing: the photo, besides gross anomalies in the descriptions and stamps. | <urn:uuid:60fd30ee-22be-46f1-b003-3ab2a4f75ce6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.vwart.com/post/7-steps-an-art-expert-should-take-in-the-research-of-authenticity-of-art | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.947761 | 906 | 1.890625 | 2 |
Tesla, Inc (previously known as Tesla Motors) has been seeing a lot of media attention recently with their variety of electric cars. Since the release of their first automobile in 2008, Tesla has sold upwards of 186,000 electric cars as of December, 2016, and this figure just keeps growing!
However, Tesla Inc makes more than just cars; they are a technology company who specialise in solar panels and lithium-ion battery energy storage among the environmentally-conscious range of automobiles they manufacture.
Following their founding in 2003 then popular release of their first electric sports car in February 2008, the ‘Roadster’, Tesla has been making a respectable name for themselves in a competitive marketplace and their products are in hot demand! (It’s easy to see why…)
Tesla’s ‘Model S’ is a luxury electric sedan which became the world’s top-selling plug-in electric car for two years running in 2015 and 2016. Latterly, ‘Model S’ was marked the second best selling plug-in electric car of all time following the Nissan Leaf, and their sales continue to soar.
Tesla is looking pretty hot right now and ever at the forefront of eco-conscious paradigms, their range of products is expanding! Yes this electric automobile company just got even more Earth-friendly!
How? You may want to sit down for this..
Tesla has launched 100% vegan only leather seats! That’s right, as of this week, including other small changes made to their website, Tesla has noticeably eliminated leather from their range of seat covers! Whilst we’re still eagerly waiting for a 100% vegan interior due to the steering wheel cover already being made from leather, consumers do now have a vegan option available.
Yet worry not, leather-fanatics! For consumers who are accustomed to/prefer the feel, comfort and durability of traditional leather, Tesla’s synthetic alternative leather textile has been met with feedback by consumers which is overwhelmingly positive!
This is a smart move by the company considering that many vegans have to compromise their values when purchasing a vehicles as they often has leather as part of the decor.
It appears that by sneakily making these unannounced changes to their automobiles, Tesla may be the first known commercial manufacturer to produce automobiles without leather interiors! Here’s hoping they are the first of many companies to follow in their plight for a more sustainable future.
Leather Production 101
LEATHER IS NOT BIODEGRADABLE
Coated in many layers of chemical preservatives, colorants, stiffeners, and modifiers, the majority of which are harmful to the environment, the result is a material impossible to biodegrade. However with the technology we have today, vegan leather can be engineered not only mimic the look and feel of cowhide, but to be decomposable too!
LEATHER PRODUCTION & CARCINOGENIC CHEMICALS
The tanning process which is used to prevent the leather from decomposing requires the use of highly toxic chemicals, many of which are known carcinogens. These include Formaldehyde, cyanide, lead, and chromium. In addition to poisoning waterways, links have also been found between those living near tanneries and the development of lukemia, sinus and lung cancers, and other serious illnesses.
LEATHER ISN’T A BYPRODUCT
A common misconception is that leather is a byproduct of meat production, and by using it, we’re reducing waste. Leather is worth 10 percent of the total value of the cow, which means it’s the most economically important product once the meat has been taken. Interestingly, the leather industry makes meat production more sustainable as selling skins is highly profitable whereas meat isn’t always so. | <urn:uuid:4a3c3838-1052-4b2a-91bc-9dd95bb786d3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.livekindly.com/tesla-opts-for-fully-vegan-seating/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.962243 | 783 | 1.835938 | 2 |
So, you have contacted me to undertake a project (Dissertation/FYP/Thesis) together. That is Great! I am enjoying it already. I always find myself repeating the same pointers to each student at the start (or throughout the project really). Thought I would write them down for posterity. So here comes my recipe for success, for the first few weeks at least.
My projects are typically on the life sciences/computer science interface (but we’ve had many different ones – including intelligent automated sports betting). But these three ingredients apply to any kind of project really.
0 – READ
The first, absolute must-do if we are going to do this is that you must read – and learn how to read. This means papers, books, articles on the subjects you are weak and don’t know. You cannot shallow read (abstract/introduction/conclusion) – this has to be taken seriously, and you have to jot down notes about what you read (and hopefully learn). In fact, the first task I will give you is to find five to ten scientific papers (depending on how familiar you are with the subject at hand) in the specific area we are going to tackle and ask for a presentation with a summary of each paper where I get to ask questions. This is not a small and trivial task to do well, and usually takes two/three weeks. Also, this is not the end of your reading, but the beginning. So put your reading glasses on. If you don’t have reading glasses, you are probably going to need some by the end of this project…
1 – WRITE (Keep a Research Journal)
The second thing I ask students is to keep a research journal. This may take various forms – an online blog, a physical pen and notebook (I love ruled and coloured Moleskine and Leuchtturm), Github (create an account, because you are going to need it anyway), or Word/LaTeX documents. Each meeting, typically held fortnightly, will start by going through the “agenda”. The agenda consists of Date/Time/Location of meeting, folks present, and three main sections:
- Where were we – a small recap of where we left off of last week
- These last n weeks – what you have been up to since the last meeting (results, or attempts at getting some). This is a sectioned list of bullet points with each strand of research properly and separately addressed.
- What is next – what you are going to tackle next
It is up to you to decide whether to have one document (with many entries) or many separate documents (per entry). In case of the latter, the filename should start with the date (YYYYMMDD) so they can be naturally sorted. Don’t forget to send me electronic copies of the journal by email before the meeting. I need to prepare too.
This research journal (or whatever you want to call it) is the basis of our discussion and needs to be updated regularly. Trust me I’ve done this during my D.Phil, and it has served me gold. You level up if you do this. Here are a few examples of meeting reports picked randomly from my days in Oxford. Note that sometimes an entry is just a few bullet points long, and sometimes it is considerably more detailed (hopefully when we get results of sorts). Again, I strongly advocate the use of bullet points; these make it easier to read through it. This is the research log of one of my students, Joseph D’Emanuele (originally in the form of a shared google document).
I always tell my students that the only way to learn how to write scientifically, is to read (refer to heading 0 above).
2 – REWRITE (the Proposal in Your Own Words)
The third thing I will ask from you is to rewrite the proposal in your own words. This, of course, only applies if I wrote the original proposal. This serves a couple of purposes, but the most important of all is that you understand the scientific question we are trying to answer, and why it is important. Note that proposals and objectives change, and it is common – especially for a post-graduate student – to change the research question during the course of your project. If you don’t have a proposal yet, this third step will make sure you write one.
Concluding, this is already quite a lot to do, and you haven’t even started yet! So roll up your sleeves and get going. The most important thing is to remember that this is your project, and you have to take ownership of it. For my part, I promise we will have fun and swear in equal measures!
Soon you will start thinking about your Progress Report (read: What is in a progress report?). We will get there, one step at a time. | <urn:uuid:1a1c8a0f-dbb2-4ac1-a0b4-4fc03a6d858a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bitsilla.com/blog/2017/07/three-tips-for-a-successful-start-to-your-academic-project/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.962313 | 1,021 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, global health agency Unitaid and the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, on Wednesday, welcomed the World Health Organisation (WHO) recommendation for a wider routine use of the RTS,S malaria vaccine.
The recommendation was based on data gathered through the Malaria Vaccine Implementation Programme (MVIP) in Kenya, Ghana and Malawi over a two-year period.
As of September 2021, over two years after the start of vaccinations, more than 2.3 million RTS,S doses had been administered across the three countries and more than 800,000 children were reached with at least one dose of the vaccine, the UN correspondent of the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) reports.
The RTS,S pilots achieved and maintained good coverage levels, despite the COVID-19 pandemic.
The pilots provided an opportunity to evaluate the feasibility of delivering four doses of RTS,S in real-life settings, where the vaccine was successfully rolled into existing immunisation programmes.
It was widely accepted by both caregivers and healthcare workers of reduced hospitalisations from severe malaria by 30 per cent.
A further clinical trial led by the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine assessed the impact of seasonal delivery of the malaria vaccine, alongside seasonal malaria chemoprevention in Mali and Burkina Faso, countries that experienced high seasonal variation of malaria transmission.
The findings indicated a decrease of more than 70 per cent in severe malaria cases in children when the vaccine was administered in combination with preventive antimalarials.
“Today marks a historic achievement in our fight against malaria,” said Dr. Seth Berkley, CEO of Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, in a statement.
“Malaria still kills over 250,000 children every year.
“The vaccine is an important additional tool to help control this disease alongside other interventions, such as bed nets, and especially when delivered seasonally in combination with antimalarial medication.
“I applaud the countries and communities who participated in the trials and pilots to provide this critical new tool for African countries.”
Ministries of Health led the implementation of the vaccine, which was delivered through routine immunisation programmes, with WHO playing a coordinating role, working in collaboration with GlaxoSmithKline, PATH and UNICEF.
Following its investment of around $700 million dollars in the development of RTS,S, GSK has donated up to 10 million doses for the pilot programme. Gavi, the Global Fund and Unitaid have together committed nearly $70 million dollars to fund the pilot.
It was designed to address several outstanding questions related to the public health use of the vaccine following the Phase three trial showing the efficacy of RTS,S.
“We welcome this new tool in the fight against malaria,” said Peter Sands, Executive Director of the Global Fund.
“In countries where the Global Fund invests, we have reduced malaria deaths by 45 per cent since 2002 with testing, treatment and prevention tools such as mosquito nets.
“In the vaccine pilots, the RTS,S vaccine was most effective when used together with these existing tools.’’
Dr. Philippe Duneton, Executive Director of Unitaid, said significant additional resources would, however, be necessary to enable wide deployment of the vaccine alongside other innovations, and as part of a sustained and comprehensive response in the countries that need it the most.”
“Even before the COVID-19 pandemic hit, progress against malaria was stalling.
“This vaccine is a welcome new tool that, when used in combination with existing interventions like bed nets, has the potential to drive down malaria and extend protection to children across Africa.
“Pilot implementation has demonstrated how we can equitably reach children with this life-saving vaccine – now we need to ensure adequate and affordable supply to truly reignite the fight against malaria”, Duneton said. (NAN) | <urn:uuid:2d5003e5-47ac-4411-bf48-ca65f4999705> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://insidenews.com.ng/2021/10/07/malaria-who-recommendation-for-worlds-first-malaria-vaccine-excites-gavi-others/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.936813 | 825 | 2.609375 | 3 |
Detection of nitrate in potatoes, vegetables and fruits with QUANTOFIX® Nitrate/Nitrite
Potatoes, vegetables and fruits are an important part of humans’ basic food in many parts of the world. Every day people consume them in great quantities.
Nitrate is a nitrogen compound which accumulates through the use of fertilizers.
Above the concentration of 200 mg per kilogramme potatoes develop a poor taste and bad stocking features. Often potatoes become wet rot through a reduction of cell stability.
Experts recommend to consume potatoes, vegetables and fruits with low concentrations of nitrate. The transformation of nitrate to nitrite through the influence of proteins may produce nitrosamines which are carcinogenic.
Test procedure for potatoes
Cut a potato and introduce one QUANTOFIX® Nitrate test strip. Then press the two halves together, so that the test strip comes in good contact with the potato.
Remove the test strip from the potato after a few seconds. Wait for 60 seconds and compare the test strip with the color scale. A red-violet coloration of the test strip indicates the presence of nitrate.
Test procedure for vegetables and fruits
Cut vegetables and fruits into halves and introduce one QUANTOFIX® Nitrate test strip for a few seconds. Place the test strip on the inside of the fruit, so that the test field absorbs the liquid. Remove the test strip and wait for 60 seconds. Then compare the test field with the color scale on the tube. A red-violet coloration indicates the presence of nitrate.
|Product data and ordering information: QUANTOFIX® Nitrate/Nitrite|
|Type||Semiquantitative test strip|
|Presentation||Tube of 100 test strips|
|Color reaction||white to red-violet|
|Limit of sensitivity||0-10-25-50-100-250-500 mg/l NO3-
0-1-5-10-20-40-80 mg/l NO2- | <urn:uuid:816da0eb-6258-4208-94dc-b12637d1f34f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.highents.com/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.83623 | 430 | 3.453125 | 3 |
Ottawa: Capital city to our neighbor to the north, Canada. Home to astronauts, comedians, musicians and more. The University of Ottawa educated the greatest game show host of all time, Alex Trebek, who studied philosophy (presumably because he couldn’t major in trivia). But most exciting of all, Ottawa is home to an excellent open data catalogue. Full of information on contracts, budgets, population elections, you name it. Alright, it’s maybe not the most exciting thing about Ottawa, but it’s definitely exciting to a data dweeb like me.
After browsing the Ottawa Data Catalogue, I found some awesome datasets on sports fields, skateparks, beaches and other recreational facilities. I thought, “What if I l used a list of all their recreational facilities and made a viz out of that!” So, I started looking for the compiled list of all their recreational facilities. Then I hit the bottom of the catalogue. No big, clean, fun list of Ottawa’s play structures, skating rinks and tennis courts. Just 14 different sets for 14 different types of parks.
Fortunately, I had both the tools and the knowledge to blend these data sets and visualize the results. You can keep reading to learn about the process or you can jump directly to the viz.
Thanks to Alteryx, I was able to take these 14 different data sets, with varying amounts of detail and information, to make one, clean, analyzable dataset. Here’s how:
Step 1: Load all 14 .shp files.
Step 2: Create a PARKTYPE Field. This adds another field naming the type of park it was based on the file it came from. This helped me distinguish the basketball court from the sledding hill from the skating rinks and so on.
Step 3: Rename the main descriptor for each field. Instead of having different fields for COURT_TYPE,” “FIELD_TYPE or RINK_TYPE, I decided to create one common column called FACILITY_TYPE.
Step 4: Rename the name field. This was to remediate the issue caused by different naming conventions from the different files. Ball-Diamonds used FIELDNAME while Splash Pads were labeled by PARKNAME, and others just used NAME. All to describe the same thing. So, I created a unique NAMEID field, so that when creating the union between these tables, they would stack into one consistent field.
Step 5: Select the only necessary fields. There were multiple fields that only applied to one specific file and wouldn’t be useful for a final set, such as LINK_DESCRIPTION, CLASS or POST_TYPE. Canada is also cool and bilingual, so it had a French copy of every field. Sadly, I don’t speak French, so I nixed these.
Step 6: Union. Union. Union. And, you guessed it, Union. 14 total unions were needed to combine the data into one, long table. Luckily, you don’t need a union action for each instance and can combine them all using a single union node. Just drag and drop.
Step 7: Add a Unique Identifier. While PARKID and FACILITYID were present for most fields, they often overlapped. Parks had multiple facilities, and the FACILITYID was not unique across parks. To guarantee that there was a unique identifier for each row of the data, I used the Row ID Tool. I called my new field: UNIQUE_ID. Clever, I know.
Step 8: (Optional) One last select statement. This is to make sure no unwanted fields slipped through the cracks, and I only had the data I wanted.
Step 9: Output data as a .shp file. I chose the .shp to keep the spatial object that would allow it to work in a Tableau map.
Step 10: Lean back, crack my fingers and hit Run.
That’s a lot of warnings! But worry not, there is a simple explanation. The field conversions errors occurred due to the Created_D and Modified_D fields. These were blank date fields that were recorded as “ – – “ which is not a valid date, so we received an error notice. These fields were also not included in the final dataset, so no harm, no foul!
The warnings were not the doom of the project either. They simply let me know that there were some missing values in certain fields (i.e., some of the values for the links field were missing, perhaps because there is no website for Ottawa Lawn bowling … yet). Unfortunately, Alteryx does not allow you to make data appear where none exists.
And “voila!” Now with a ready data set, I began to explore the various activities for a day out (or a day “oot”) in lovely Ottawa. Take a look!
Show a little love to our neighbors to the north (and in case the whole North Korea thing doesn’t pan out). Take a look into some cities. Ottawa ranked one of the best place to live in Canada, as documented here and here.
Screenshot of Alteryx workflow: | <urn:uuid:fd22dc46-2a6e-4051-a6b4-86cac8a52b8f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://interworks.com/blog/dsteinmetz/2018/07/24/using-alteryx-to-create-the-almost-ideal-dataset-for-an-ottawa-data-viz/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.950329 | 1,099 | 2.15625 | 2 |
In the table, column one reflects the “share reporting food insecurity,” not the “share reporting low food security” as initially published (corrected 5/19/20).
In the early weeks of the pandemic, about one in four nonelderly adults (24.6 percent) with children younger than 19 and about one in four (25.6 percent) with children younger than 6 reported their households were food insecure in the previous month, according the new data from the Urban Institute’s Health Reform Monitoring Survey.
Food insecurity rates among non-Hispanic black adults with children (37.4 percent) and Hispanic adults with children (39.3 percent) were roughly double those of non-Hispanic white adults with children (17.6 percent), providing additional evidence that fallout from the pandemic is particularly harsh for communities of color.
Hispanic adults with children who had a noncitizen family member living in the household reported the highest rates of food insecurity: 43.3 percent. The strain on these families is particularly worrisome, given that households with noncitizens may be excluded from both ongoing safety net and emergency assistance programs or reluctant to pursue programs for which they are eligible, given the challenging immigration environment.
How food insecurity affects children
Food insecurity at any age carries the risk of poor physical and mental health outcomes. But food insecurity in households with children is particularly concerning because poor outcomes may influence health and well-being at sensitive points in human development, including both early childhood and adolescence.
Research shows that children living in food-insecure households are at greater odds of fair or poor health, are more likely to be hospitalized in early childhood, may experience behavioral issues that interfere with schooling, and are at higher risk of certain chronic diseases, such as asthma. Among adolescents, food insecurity is associated with depression and suicidal ideation. There is an urgent need to ensure children and youth, regardless of income, race and ethnicity, or their family’s citizenship status, are not going without the food they need to thrive, learn, and grow.
Although living in a food insecure household risks poor outcomes among children and youth, we should be especially concerned about the rates of very low food security among families with children.
Approximately 1 in 10 adults with children report their households are experiencing very low food security—the most severe condition, in which food intake has been significantly reduced or disrupted (9.3 percent of families with kids younger than 19 and 10.8 percent of families with kids younger than 6).
For adults with children in low-income families (with family incomes below 250 percent of the federal poverty level), the rate of very low food security increases to 16.1 percent. Rates of very low food security are highest among non-Hispanic black families with children (17.5 percent).
Though adults actively shield children from inadequate access to food, such as skipping meals so kids can eat, just living in a household experiencing such severe deprivation can create additional stress for children. Research indicates that older children and adolescents also may engage in household food management strategies and attempt to shield younger siblings (PDF).
What would it take to keep families fed?
Food insecurity among children is both an immediate challenge and a long-term threat to the country’s well-being.
First and foremost, every food insecure household, especially those with children, should be able to access assistance to meet their basic food needs. Though some steps have been taken to increase access to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and other food assistance programs, we need to do more.
- The maximum SNAP benefit fails to cover the cost of a low-income meal in 99 percent of US counties. Federal action to boost the maximum benefit and increase the minimum household benefit would ensure households are better positioned to meet their basic food needs, especially considering the pandemic’s economic fallout will likely last long after the public health emergency.
- Comprehensive efforts like robust school-based initiatives that may need to transition into summer service, pandemic electronic benefit transfer, and home-delivered food boxes to families in rural areas would help reach more at-risk families with children.
- Public charge rules, which count SNAP use as a negative factor in adjustments to future immigration status, could be suspended so immigrant households do not fear applying for the program if they have eligible household members.
- Emergency assistance could be made available to more households during this extraordinary crisis in order to ensure all families have more resources to meet basic needs. Actions such as withholding stimulus payments from citizens who are married to someone who files taxes using an Individual Tax Payer Identification Number, which noncitizens without a Social Security number may do, could undermine the well-being of vulnerable families.
As the pandemic has shown in the starkest terms, the well-being of one person is inextricably linked to the well-being of all. Risking the well-being of any child is risking the prospects for our collective future. | <urn:uuid:9dd7950b-bd90-42e4-8b68-c4c8aa92935c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.urban.org/urban-wire/many-families-are-struggling-put-food-table-we-have-do-more?cm_ven=ExactTarget&cm_cat=UIU+-+5.14.2020&cm_pla=All+Subscribers&cm_ite=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.urban.org%2Furban-wire%2Fmany-families-are-struggling-put-food-table-we-have-do-more&cm_ainfo=&&utm_source=%20urban_newsletters&&utm_medium=news-UIU&&utm_term=URBAN_COVID19&& | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.963919 | 1,014 | 3.03125 | 3 |
Jennie was a client of Care N Assist. We first met at a nursing home five years ago. She was there due to a hip fracture and what was diagnosed as severe dementia. Her son wanted her to return home, since she had started to “wake up” as he would say. When I asked her what caused her dementia to seemingly reverse she said, “I decided to live again.”
This woman had previously been put on hospice due to her decline in physical as well as mental condition. She had experience loss of mobility and was suffering. Her depression was severe and her forgetful and disconnected behavior led to her being given a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease. The truth was, she did not have Alzheimer’s, she was depressed.
We provided in home care for Jennie for the next three years. She had pizza Friday, she ate chocolate at midnight, we took her on day trips to see family, and best of all she spent her last days in the comfort of her home.
In the United States according to a 2006 study, “Depression has been diagnosed by a health care provider for approximately 15.1% of the adult population.” (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey)
Worse than the epidemic of depression is the fact that so many of our elders are written off as “senile” due to forgetful or disconnected behavior. Because of Jennie I no longer call depression dementia. I have a personal mission to relieve the suffering for the clients in our care.
Our caregivers are trained to care and assist. If you know someone who needs our services please call 877-743-4434. A free informational visit is available for those needing services.
By, Daniel Story, RN | <urn:uuid:2cb292b4-3a3c-4328-9618-cc40a8f7c7c5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://homejoy.care/dont-call-it-dementia-if-its-depression/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.988644 | 364 | 1.53125 | 2 |
It’s cooking time, boys and girls! Are you ready for it? Today we are going to learn how to make an Italian dish from scratch, starting with homemade pasta. But first thing first, let’s make the pasta dough. Mix the needed ingredient as instructed and then learn how to give them the desired shape. Once you’re done, boil them and start preparing the tomato sauce. Smash the tomatoes and then boil the sauce until it is just right. Great job, ladies! Now that you have everything prepared you can put your pasta dish together. Garnish and decorate your plate of pasta with green leaves, shreds of cheese, and any other condiments you like. Get it delicious looking and get ready to serve it! Have a great time cooking pasta online at DressUpWho.com!
Published: Sep 6, 2020 | <urn:uuid:4ff5aaf5-bdae-4f28-81e5-ee3c4f7ac18a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://rev.dressupwho.com/games/cute-pasta-maker/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.938794 | 175 | 1.664063 | 2 |
The first lunar eclipse for the year 2009 happens on February 9th, exactly after 11 days of first solar eclipse of this year.This is the deepest eclipse of the year with the magnitude of 0.899. It will be easily visible to the naked eye as a dusky shading in the northern half of the Moon.
CC Photo Credit: mugley
The times of the major phases in India are listed below
- Eclipse begin time: 18:08:46 IST
- Greatest eclipse time: 20:08:15 IST
- Eclipse end time: 22:07:40 IST
The eclipse is visible to the naked eye apart from few minutes of beginning and ending. The word penumbra is derived from two Latin words namely paenes meaning “almost, nearly" umbra meaning "shadow", the region in which only a portion of the occulting body is blurring the light source. This eclipse is a partial eclipse. In fact, no shading can be detected until about 2/3 of the Moon’s disk is immersed. This would put the period of eclipse visibility from approximately 19:30 IST to 20:50 IST. This is only an estimate. However atmospheric conditions and the observer’s visual acuity are important factors to be considered for the visibility of the eclipse.
Few part of Eastern Canada and USA will miss the eclipse entirely since the eclipse begins after moonset. Observers in western Canada and the USA will have the best views with moonset occurring sometime after mid-eclipse. To catch the entire event, one must be in Alaska, Hawaii, Australia, or East Asia.
Photo Credit: Nasa
The above picture depicts the countries where the lunar eclipse would be visible. The light shaded portions are the places where the eclipse is visible during moon rise and moon set. The dark shaded portions are the places where the eclipse is completely not visible. The white region is the place where the eclipse is completely visible.
In Alaska, the eclipse begins at 03:38:46 and ends at 07:37:40. The greatest eclipse is felt at 05:38:15(local time)
In Hawaii the eclipse begins at 02:38:46 and ends at 06:37:40. The greatest eclipse is felt during 04:38:15 (local time)
In Sydney, Australia the eclipse begins at 23:38:46 and ends at 03:37:40. The greatest eclipse is felt during 01:38:15 (local time) | <urn:uuid:eac2e344-4e70-4980-b530-07c02fe90f74> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.techdreams.org/general/first-lunar-eclipse-of-the-year-2009-on-february-9th/1252-20090128/comment-page-4 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.932056 | 510 | 3.203125 | 3 |
John Hartford won Grammy awards in three different decades, recorded a catalog of more than 30 albums, and wrote one of the most popular songs of all time, Gentle On My Mind. He was a regular guest and contributor on the Glen Campbell Good Time Hour and the Smothers Brothers Show. He added music and narration to Ken Burns’ landmark Civil War series, and was an integral part of the hugely popular “O Brother, Where Art Thou?” soundtrack and Down From The Mountain concert tour. But that hardly explains John Hartford.
John Hartford was an American original. He was a musician, songwriter, steamboat pilot, author, artist, disc jockey, calligrapher, dancer, folklorist, father, and historian.
Born John Cowan Harford in New York on December 30, 1937, John grew up in St. Louis. He was a descendent of Patrick Henry and cousin of Tennessee Williams. His grandfather was a founder of the Missouri Bar Association and his father was a prominent doctor.
At an early age, John fell in love with two things: music and the Mississippi River.
They were passions that would last his lifetime, and their pursuit would be his life’s passage.
In 1965 he moved to Nashville. The following year he was signed to RCA Records by the legendary Chet Atkins. It was Atkins who convinced John to add a “t” to his last name, becoming John Hartford. In 1967 his second RCA release “Earthwords & Music” featured the single “Gentle on My Mind”, a song Hartford wrote after seeing the movie Dr. Zhivago. That year, the song earned four Grammy awards. Hartford would take home two awards, one as the writer and one for his own recording of the song. The other two went to Glen Campbell who had heard Hartford’s version on the radio and decided to record it. Campbell’s rendition became an instant classic, and the song became one of the most recorded and performed songs of all time, covered by everyone from Elvis Presley to Aretha Franklin.
Hartford often said that Gentle On My Mind bought his freedom.
He used that freedom to explore his various creative curiosities, and was usually happy to take his friends along on the trip.
In 1968 John Hartford left Nashville for Los Angeles, where he played on the Byrds’ classic album, Sweethearts of the Rodeo. He became a regular guest and contributor on CBS’s Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour and later on The Glen Campbell Goodtime Hour. He would also earn his riverboat pilot’s license by the end of the decade.
John Hartford became mentor and mystic for a generation of pickers, singers, and songwriters. His landmark record, Aereo-plain (1971) documented his work with Vassar Clements, Norman Blake, and Tut Taylor. Rooted firmly in tradition but sprouting at the top with hippie hair, the group’s instrumental mastery and free-wheeling style bridged a musical gap between traditional bluegrass and a progressive new audience, making every song a cult favorite and every live performance the thing of legend. According to Sam Bush, “Without Aereo-plain, there would be no ‘newgrass’ music.”
In 1976, John won another Grammy award for his contemporary folk masterpiece, Mark Twang. The album featured a set of quirky river-centric original songs, presented in stripped down arrangements, typically featuring only Hartford accompanying himself on banjo, fiddle, or guitar while tapping his feet on an amplified sheet of plywood. The combination was magical, and would become his trademark sound for many years as a solo act.
Summer days might find him piloting the Julia Belle Swain on her afternoon run, before entertaining the passengers at night. During festival season, his amazing instinct for single-handedly captivating an audience would often have him leaving the stage and leading a processional of joyful dancers through the grounds, like a fiddle-playing pied piper.
Later in his career, he would revisit different ensemble configurations, recording and touring with his son, Jamie, and with various incarnations of the John Hartford String Band.
At his house overlooking the Cumberland River, John continued to write, record, and fill his hours with music. Already a published author (“Steamboat in a Cornfield” and “Word Movies”), Hartford also developed an extensive manuscript on the life and music of fiddler, Ed Haley.
In 2001, he was awarded a Grammy award for his contribution to the soundtrack of “O Brother Where Art Thou”. His bittersweet appearance on the subsequent “Down From The Mountain” tour was immortalized in the concert film. He died on June 4, 2001, after a long battle with non-hodgkin’s lymphoma.
“John Hartford was one of the rarest of musical birds. He had one foot deeply rooted in the past and the other always at least a few steps into the future- and both were dancing.”
Larry Groce, Mountain Stage
This summer, fans and musicians will again gather as festivals draw tens of thousands of music lovers. For many, it is like a family reunion….where the uninitiated, cousins, friends, and in-laws are always welcome. And while John Hartford no longer performs, his music and memory continue to permeate both stage and campground.
His influence is everywhere. From Merlefest to Telluride to Bonnaroo
Just ask Bela Fleck or Sam Bush, or Yonder Mountain, or Tim O’Brien….or the guy at the next campfire. | <urn:uuid:9589c134-1937-43e8-87b2-9d7d61db2647> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.johnhartford.com/about-john/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.979248 | 1,187 | 1.59375 | 2 |
The Student Conservation Association's Online Community
Are you interested in environmental education? Water quality monitoring? Forestry? Archaeology? Public outreach? Whatever your environmental passion, SCA has an internship that will give you the opportunity to work closely with a partner agency or organization to get firsthand experience in the field. SCA internships include thousands of unique opportunities to gain hands-on conservation and sustainability experience all across the country. SCA interns are placed individually with a partner agency. They gain critical hands-on conservation experience working as a member of an agency, organization or sustainable business. Internships range from 12 weeks to 12 months and are open to high school graduates ages 18 and up.
Follow this link to search upcoming SCA Internships by Duration and Location: https://www.thesca.org/serve/positions
Follow this link to search upcoming SCA Internships by Skills, Interests, and Qualifications: http://mysca.force.com/member/MemberPositionsScout
Below you'll find a list of "HOT Internships" at locations across the country!
Expected Dates: May 29, 2017 to September 17, 2017
Location: Yosemite National Park, CA
The data management and meadow monitoring intern will assist Vegetation and Ecological Restoration and Visitor Use & Social Sciences staff in the Division of Resources Management and Science at Yosemite National Park. This project will expose the SCA intern to the full range of skill involved in resource monitoring, from the collection of raw data in the field to the final communication of findings.
For further details, follow this link: https://www.thesca.org/serve/position/data-management-meadow-monitoring-intern/po-00723191
Expected Dates: May 30, 2017 to November 19, 2017
Location: Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge, UT
Develop and provide EE / youth outreach programs, both on and off-site; plan, develop, and provide curricula that are varied, multi-sensory, age-appropriate, multi-disciplinary and consistent with State Core Curriculum and Fish and Wildlife Service mission management objectives; write curriculum-related lesson plans and develop program material needs; ensure that programs and activities meet the special needs of under served minority, disadvantaged, challenged and culturally diverse populations; mentor other staff on the development and presentation of similar activities; manage and maintain Refuge EE resources and lending library and provide assistance and consultation to teachers and community leaders on appropriate educational materials and programs; attend required and appropriate trainings to prepare for EE and under served youth programs. Biology background recommended. Assist biologist with wildlife surveys. Spanish language skills beneficial.
For further details, follow this link: https://www.thesca.org/serve/position/urban-wildlife-refuge-environmental-education-park-ranger/po-007234131
Expected Dates: May 1, 2017 to August 20, 2017
Location: FWS Southwest Region (R2)
The Digital Media Park ranger will be responsible for collecting and cataloging existing high-quality digital media (photos, videos and recordings) of all aspects of National Wildlife Refuges in the Southwest Region of the US Fish and Wildlife Service. The intern will identify gaps in coverage, future media needs and assist with the development of best practices for digital media management at refuges throughout the region. The intern will also document and train other staff in media best management practices, either in person or via webinar.
Some travel within the region will be required (travel may be to Arizona, Texas, Oklahoma and within New Mexico), and all expenses for travel will be paid. The purpose of the travel will be to collect digital media from selected refuges, as well as shooting video and photographs to help fill gaps in collections.
For further details, follow this link: https://www.thesca.org/serve/position/digital-park-ranger-intern/po-00722872 | <urn:uuid:c53dd75f-560d-46f4-9fc7-6991cc13f6d0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://conservation-nation.org/page/open-internships | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.904056 | 830 | 1.867188 | 2 |
condemned.’ The 1970 Declaration on Friendly Relations (Resolution 2625) followed the same approach. It spelled out the content of the prohibition of the use of force as regards civil conflict: ‘Every state has the duty to refrain from organizing, instigating, assisting or participating in acts of civil strife or terrorist acts in another State or acquiescing in organized activities within its territory directed towards the commission of such acts, when the acts referred to in the present paragraph involve a threat or use of force.’ The duty of non-intervention added to this the duty not to foment, finance, incite or tolerate subversive, terrorist or armed activities directed towards the violent overthrow of the regime of another state and the duty not to interfere in civil strife in another state.
The International Court of Justice in the Nicaragua case and in Armed Activities on the Territory of Congo confirmed that these provisions of the Declaration on Friendly Relations were declaratory of customary international law.4 Thus, the status of the rules on forcible intervention in civil wars is not controversial; it was their application that led to fundamental divisions during the Cold War when the superpowers and others waged proxy wars in Africa, Latin America, and Asia. The previous chapter centred on the debate as to the proper interpretation of Article 2(4); this chapter will show that in the vast majority of cases of forcible intervention in a civil war it is not the interpretation but the application of the law that leads to difficulty. That is, there is a general consensus between states as to the principles to be applied to forcible intervention in civil conflicts, but in practice the disagreements as to the facts and as to the application of the law to those facts can fundamentally divide states, as can be seen clearly in the accusations and counter-accusations between Chad and Sudan; the DRC, Rwanda and Uganda; Ethiopia, Eritrea and Somalia; the USA, Iran and Syria; Pakistan and Afghanistan; Georgia and Russia.
The conflict which started in the vast, mineral-rich Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC, formerly Zaire) in 1998 serves as an example, though perhaps an unusually complex example, illustrating the type of conflict that has been common since the Second World War.5 After thirty-two years in power President Mobutu, supported by France throughout the Cold War, was overthrown by Laurent Kabila in May 1997 with the help of forces from some of the nine neighbouring states. Uganda and Rwanda helped Kabila to seize power partly because they were concerned to stop insurgents operating from the territory of the DRC challenging their governments. But when President Kabila came to power he himself used these insurgent forces and was seen as betraying his former allies; Uganda and Rwanda turned against him and undertook extensive military activities on the territory of the DCR against the government, against rebel groups and even against each other.6 President Kabila sought help from Zimbabwe, Namibia, and Angola and they sent forces to support him in August 1998. They were apparently motivated in part by hostility to ex-President Mobutu; he had for many years supported UNITA opposition forces which had operated against their governments. Mobutu had continued to back UNITA even after the USA and South Africa had abandoned it. Congo (Brazzaville), Central African Republic, Sudan, Chad, and Gabon also promised help to Kabila. Thus a civil conflict in the DRC was fuelled by outside involvement from many states because conflicts in their states had spilled over into the DRC and because the DRC had played a role in the conflicts in other states.7 This conflict gave rise to the Case concerning Armed Activities on the Territory of the Congo (DRC v Uganda) before the ICJ.8
The Security Council, in Resolution 1234 (1999), expressed its concern at the continuation of hostilities and stressed its firm commitment to preserving the national sovereignty, territorial integrity, and political independence of the DRC. In particular it was concerned at reports of measures by forces opposing the government of President Kabila in violation of the national sovereignty and territorial integrity of the country; in the preamble it recalled the inherent right of individual or collective self-defence in accordance with Article 51 of the UN Charter. It also deplored the continuing fighting and the presence of foreign troops in a manner inconsistent with the principles of the Charter of the UN and called upon those states to bring to an end the presence of the uninvited forces.
This resolution is stronger than the earlier reaction of the Security Council when President Mobutu was overthrown by Laurent Kabila with the help of Rwanda and Uganda in 1997; the Security Council then simply expressed concern at the deteriorating situation in the region and called on the revolutionary forces led by Kabila to accept an immediate cessation of hostilities and the implementation of a peace plan.9 The Security Council subsequently expressed its support for the people of the DRC as they began a new period in their history. However, it also rejected outside intervention. It said that the Council respected the legitimate national aspirations of the people of the DRC to achieve peace, national reconciliation and progress in the political, economic, and social fields to the benefit of all, and opposed any interference in its internal affairs. It called for the withdrawal of all external forces.10
Resolution 1234(1999) clearly reflects the duty not to use force against another state and also the duty not to intervene in its internal affairs. It is based on the legal right of the government of the DRC to seek help and the illegality of the behaviour of the foreign states using force to overthrow that government. It shows that the Security Council regarded the conflict as a mixture of civil war and inter-state conflict and that it took a clear position: aid to the government was permissible, intervention or force to overthrow the government was not.
However, the Security Council subsequently took a more ambiguous position as the war continued. After the Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement between the DRC and the five regional states involved in the conflict was concluded in July 1999 the Security Council’s main concern was to secure implementation of that Agreement and the deployment of a peacekeeping force, MONUC.11 The government of Laurent Kabila proved reluctant to cooperate with the peace process.12 The Security Council accordingly stressed the mutual obligations of all the states under the Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement, and the duty of all foreign forces to withdraw from the DRC; it did not again refer to the rights of individual and collective self-defence.13 The DRC repeatedly wrote to the Security Council objecting that it was necessary to distinguish between the aggressor states—Uganda and Rwanda—and those aiding the legitimate government.14 Rwanda and Uganda continued to maintain that they had no territorial interests or economic interests in the DRC, but that they were concerned only to protect themselves against rebel forces operating from the DRC.15 However, there were armed clashes between the forces of Rwanda and Uganda in Kisangani in August 1999.16 And the Expert Panel created by the Security Council to report on the ‘Illegal Exploitation of Natural Resources of the DRC’ reported that the armies of Uganda and Rwanda had carried out, first, mass-scale looting and then systematic exploitation of the DRC’s rich mineral resources.17
The Security Council started to distinguish between invited and uninvited forces again after the events of June 2000, when Ugandan and Rwandan forces fought over the diamond trade centred on the town of Kisangani—the first time since the Second World War that two foreign regular armies had engaged with each other in the territory of a third state with a view to appropriating that state’s wealth.18 The Security Council used unusually strong language in Resolution 1304 (2000). In the preamble it expressed its ‘outrage at renewed fighting between Ugandan and Rwandan forces in Kisangani’. It unreservedly condemned the fighting and expressly demanded that Uganda and Rwanda ‘as well as forces of the Congolese armed opposition and other armed groups’ withdraw their forces from Kisangani. It demanded that Uganda and Rwanda ‘which had violated the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the DRC’ withdraw all their forces from its territory without delay, in conformity with the timetable of the Ceasefire Agreement. In its subsequent resolutions, although it called for the withdrawal of all foreign forces, the Security Council continued expressly to single out Uganda and Rwanda.19 It did, however, also address the security concerns of Rwanda with regard to opposition forces operating from the DRC20 and condemn incursions into Rwanda and Burundi by armed bands from the DRC.21
After Laurent Kabila was assassinated in January 2001 he was succeeded as President by his son, Joseph Kabila, who was more willing to participate in the peace-making process.22 Bilateral peace agreements between the DRC and Uganda and Rwanda in 2002 led finally to major withdrawals of troops.23 The states assisting the government of the DRC also began to pull out their troops.24 A final peace agreement was reached at the end of 2002 and a new government was installed.25 But the government found it difficult to assert control over its vast territory and fighting between armed militias continued, especially in the east of the country, despite the deployment of a large UN force in 2003. In 2004 the DRC accused Rwanda of continued intervention and requested the Security Council to impose sanctions on it.26 The Security Council took a cautious approach and in its resolutions it urged not only Rwanda but also Burundi, Uganda and the DRC to ensure that their territory was not used in support of activities of armed groups or to infringe the sovereignty of others.27 At the end of 2004 when Rwanda openly threatened to send its armed forces back into the DRC to take action against Rwandan rebel forces operating from the DRC, the Security Council went slightly further: in a statement it expressed very deep concern at the multiple reports of military operations by the Rwandan army in the eastern part of the DRC; underlined that the threat or use of force was contrary to the UN Charter; strongly condemned any such military action; and demanded that Rwanda withdraw without delay any troops it may have on the territory of the DRC.28 Although this stopped short of any formal finding of unlawful intervention by Rwanda it clearly comes near to such a finding.
The situation in eastern DRC gradually improved, but there was still intermittent fighting between militias. In 2005 the Secretary-General said that it was difficult to assess whether direct support to the militia groups in Ituri was being provided from neighbouring countries, but reports indicated that representatives of the groups moved freely between the DRC, Uganda and Rwanda. He urged neighbouring states to ensure that remaining militia groups were not allowed to use their territories as rear bases, safe havens or as a supply route for illegal arms trafficking.29 There were still tensions between the DRC and Uganda because of the operation of the Ugandan rebels, the Lord’s Resistance Army, on the territory of the DRC.30 There were also incursions on the border with Burundi,31 and continuing problems with Rwanda.32 Relations between the states of the region nevertheless improved and the signing of the Pact on Security, Stability and Development in the Great Lakes Region by eleven regional states on 15 December 2006 was an ‘historic development’ bringing hope for the future.33 This Pact includes a Protocol on Non-aggression a nd Mutual Defence in which the parties undertake ‘to abstain from sending or supporting armed opposition forces or armed groups or insurgents onto the territory of other states or from tolerating the presence on their territories of armed groups or insurgents engaged in armed conflicts or involved in acts of violence or subversion against the Government of another state’.
However, the security situation in the east deteriorated in 2007, and serious fighting between dissident militias and government forces broke out.34 The Security Council expressed its grave concern at the continued presence of foreign armed groups in the east. It commended the joint efforts of the DRC and Rwanda to address their common security concerns through dialogue and cooperation and welcomed their November 2007 agreement on a common approach to end the threat posed to peace and stability to both countries.35
Just as the Security Council with regard to the conflict in the DRC drew a distinction between outside forces invited by the government and those of Uganda and Rwanda, so with regard to other conflicts the Security Council has taken the same approach. When civil war broke out in Congo (Brazzaville) in 1997, Angola intervened and sent troops to support the opposition forces, which then secured victory. The Security Council, in a Presidential Statement, condemned outside intervention; it expressed concern about the grave situation and called for an end to hostilities. It condemned all external interference, including the intervention of foreign forces, in violation of the Charter of the UN and called for the immediate withdrawal of all foreign forces.36
The traditional position was again adopted with regard to intervention in the conflict in Sierra Leone. A civil war started in 1991 when opposition forces of the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) tried to overthrow the government. The RUF refused to accept the settlement ending the conflict and did not participate in the 1996 elections. It seized power in a military coup in 1997, but the UN refused to accept the overthrow of the democratically elected government under President Kabbah and this government was restored in 1998. The RUF continued their armed struggle. There were accusations that President Charles Taylor of Liberia was intervening to assist them to overthrow the government of Sierra Leone.37 Many states in West Africa, including Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea and Côte d’Ivoire, were involved in a series of interconnected conflicts.38 Armed elements and criminal gangs operated across the borders; massive refugee flows aggravated the situation; the states in the region made accusations and counter-accusations of unlawful intervention.39 The Security Council called on all states in the region to take action to prevent armed groups from using their territory to prepare and commit attacks on neighbouring countries, but it singled out Liberia for express condemnation and sanctions. In Resolution 1343 (2001) it demanded that the government of Liberia immediately cease its support for the RUF in Sierra Leone and for other armed rebel groups in the region; called on it to expel RUF members from Liberia and to prohibit all RUF activities on its territory; to cease all financial and military support to the RUF, including all transfers of arms and all military training; and it imposed measures under Article 41 on Liberia and individual members of its government.40 Later it called on Liberian forces to refrain from unlawful incursions into Sierra Leone, and expressly determined that the active support by the Government of Liberia to armed rebel groups in the region, including to rebels in Côte d’Ivoire and former RUF combatants who continued to destabilize the region, constituted a threat to international peace and security in the region.41
The Security Council reaction to these interventions in civil conflict constitutes a clear reaffirmation of the prohibition of forcible intervention.42 Resolution 1234 on the DRC used the language both of Article 2(4) and of the rules on intervention. This and the other statements of the applicable rules by the Security Council reflect the reasoning of the Court in the Nicaragua case, of paramount importance in this area. The Court has recently reaffirmed its commitment to this approach in the Case Concerning Armed Activities on the Territory of Congo (DRC v Uganda).
This case was brought by Nicaragua against the USA both for the unlawful use of force against the government of Nicaragua and for its intervention through its support for military and paramilitary activities of the opposition contra forces. The part of the judgment which deals with the use of force and non-intervention provides an authoritative statement of the law on this area; it has proved relatively uncontroversial among commentators, in contrast to the critical response from many US writers to the Court’s reasoning on collective self-defence.44 Indeed, there was consensus between the USA and Nicaragua as to the applicable law.45
Issues of classification played a central role in this case. Did the actions of the USA constitute an illegal use of force against Nicaragua under the customary international law rule codified in Article 2(4)? Were its actions an unlawful intervention against the government of Nicaragua? If so, could they be justified as collective self-defence or collective countermeasures in protection of Costa Rica, Honduras and El Salvador against an armed attack or unlawful intervention by Nicaragua?46 The Court undertook an examination of the prohibition of intervention and of the scope of the prohibition of the use of force; it elaborated on the content of these two sets of rules and on the relationship between them. As regards the identification of the customary law on the prohibition of the use of force codified in Article 2(4), the Court used the Declaration on Friendly Relations principles on the use of force quoted at the start of this chapter on the duty not to organize civil strife in another state in support of an opposition party.47 It also set out the basic law on intervention at some length: ‘The principle of non-intervention involves the right of every sovereign state to conduct its affairs without outside interference; though examples of trespass against this principle are not infrequent, the Court considers that it is part and parcel of customary international law.’ 48 It invoked the Corfu Channel case, General Assembly resolutions and inter-American practice as authority for the principle of non-intervention.
The Court then went on to consider the exact content of the principle as far as was relevant to the resolution of the dispute:
The principle forbids all states or groups of states to intervene directly or indirectly in internal or external affairs of other states. A prohibited intervention must accordingly be one bearing on matters in which each state is permitted, by the principle of state sovereignty, to decide freely. One of these is the choice of a political, economic, social and cultural system, and the formulation of foreign policy. Intervention is wrongful when it uses methods of coercion in regard to such choices, which must remain free ones. The element of coercion, which defines, and indeed forms the very essence of, prohibited intervention, is particularly obvious in the case of an intervention which uses force, whether in the direct form of military action, or in the indirect form of support for subversive or terrorist armed activities within another state. General Assembly resolution 2625 (XXV) equates assistance of this kind with the use of force by the assisting state when the acts committed in another state involve a threat or use of force. These forms of action are therefore wrongful in the light of both the principle of the non-use of force and that of non-intervention.49
The Nicaragua case thus made clear the considerable overlap between the rules on forcible intervention and the customary law codified in Article 2(4).
After its statement of the general prohibition of forcible intervention the Court had to consider whether any fundamental modification of the principle of non-intervention had taken place. Significantly, the USA did not itself put forward any argument that there had been such a fundamental shift in the law. It did not advance the argument that it had a legal right to help the opposition contras to use force to overthrow a government; it based its right to use force on collective self-defence. Nevertheless, the Court examined the possible argument that the USA was justified in using force against Nicaragua to help the contras in their forcible opposition to the government. The International Court of Justice said that a government may invite outside help, but a third state may not forcibly help the opposition to overthrow the government. Although there had been in recent years a number of instances of foreign intervention for the benefit of forces opposed to the government of another state this did not in itself change the law. The Court had to consider whether there were indications of a practice illustrative of a belief in a kind of general right for states to intervene in support of internal opposition in another state, whose cause appeared particularly worthy by reason of the political and moral values with which it was identified. For such a general right to come into existence, a fundamental modification of the customary principle of non-intervention would be involved.
The Court, in considering whether there was opinio juris to support such a change, said it had to take account of the grounds offered by states to justify their interventions in support of opposition; states had not in fact justified their conduct by reference to a new right of intervention or a new exception to the principle of its prohibition. The United States authorities had on some occasions stated their grounds for intervening in the affairs of a foreign state for reasons connected with the domestic policies of that country or its ideology, the level of its armaments or the direction of its foreign policy. But these were statements of international policy and not an assertion of rules of existing international law. Accordingly, ‘The Court therefore finds that no such general right of intervention in support of an opposition within another State exists in contemporary international law. The Court concludes that acts constituting a breach of the customary principle of non-intervention will also, if they directly or indirectly involve the use of force, constitute a breach of the principle of non-use of force in international relations.’50 It later said that the principle of non-intervention would certainly lose its effectiveness as a principle of law if intervention ‘which is already allowable at the request of the government of a State’ were also to be allowed at the request of the opposition. This would permit any state to intervene at any moment in the internal affairs of another state.51
On the facts of the case the Court found that the US aid to the contras in Nicaragua in ‘recruiting, training, arming, equipping, financing, supplying and otherwise encouraging, supporting, aiding and directing military and paramilitary actions in and against Nicaragua’ was a breach of the prohibition of the use of force. The Court found that the USA had committed a prima facie violation of the principle of the non-use of force by ‘organizing or encouraging the organization of irregular forces or armed bands . . . for incursion into the territory of another state’ and ‘participating in acts of civil strife in another state’ in the terms of the Declaration on Friendly Relations. The arming and training of the contras could be said to involve the threat or use of force against Nicaragua, but the mere supply of funds to the contras, while undoubtedly an act of intervention in the internal affairs of Nicaragua, did not in itself amount to a use of force.52
The Court made it clear that it was not necessary to show that the intent behind the US intervention was actually to overthrow the government of Nicaragua. Nicaragua had claimed that this was the aim of the USA. But the Court said that in international law, if one state, with a view to the coercion of another state, supports and assists armed bands in that state whose purpose is to overthrow the government, that amounts to an intervention, whether or not the political objective of the state giving such support and assistance is equally far-reaching.53
In 2005 the Court followed the Nicaragua case in its judgment on the case brought by the DRC against Uganda. The DRC in its Application accused Uganda of aggression, and of violation of the principle of unlawful use of force and also of ‘the principle of non-interference in matters within the domestic jurisdiction of states which includes refraining from extending any assistance to the parties to a civil war operating on the territory of another state’. Uganda admitted its assistance to an armed opposition group, the MLC, but claimed that this was limited to what was justified in self-defence.55 Like the USA in the Nicaragua case, Uganda did not claim a right to support armed opposition groups in their military campaign to overthrow a government, but rather a right to self-defence. It said that it was not acting unlawfully in supporting the armed opposition groups as it had refrained from providing the rebels with the kind or amount of support they would have required to achieve such far-reaching purposes as the conquest of territory or the overthrow of the Congolese government.56
The Court confirmed that the provisions of the 1970 Declaration on Friendly Relations on non-intervention were declaratory of customary international law.57 It held that Uganda’s actions were not justified self-defence,58 and since Uganda had admitted its training and military support for the MLC it was guilty of unlawful intervention. As in the Nicaragua case, Uganda could be held to have violated the prohibition on intervention even if its objective was not actually to overthrow President Kabila.59 ‘The Court accordingly concludes that Uganda has violated the sovereignty and also the territorial integrity of the DRC. Uganda’s actions equally constituted an interference in the internal affairs of the DRC and in the civil war there raging. The unlawful military intervention by Uganda was of such a magnitude and duration that the Court considers it to be a grave violation of the prohibition on the use of force expressed in Article 2, paragraph 4, of the Charter.’60
The Court considered another aspect of the law on intervention in regard to Uganda’s first Counterclaim against the DRC.61 Uganda claimed that the DRC had violated the principles of non-use of force and non-intervention because it had not only actively supported anti-Ugandan rebels operating from the DRC against the government of Uganda, but had also tolerated the activities of the rebels on its territory. This argument invokes a different aspect of the duty of non-intervention from that alleged by the DRC, and from that involved in the Nicaragua case. Uganda said that the duty of non-intervention involved not only the duty not to provide support to groups carrying out subversive or terrorist activities against another state, but also a ‘duty of vigilance’ to ensure that such activities were not tolerated. It argued that the DRC was guilty of intervention not only because of its active support for the anti-Ugandan rebels, but also because it had tolerated their activities on the territory of the DRC. According to the decision of the Court in the Corfu Channel case, every state had an obligation not to allow knowingly its territory to be used for acts contrary to the rights of other states.
The Court accepted that the prohibition of intervention as set out in the Declaration on Friendly Relations includes a ‘duty of vigilance’: the Declaration provides that ‘every State has the duty to refrain from . . . acquiescing in organized activities within its territory directed towards the commission of such acts’ (e.g., terrorist acts, acts of internal strife) and also that ‘no State shall . . . tolerate subversive, terrorist or armed activities directed towards the violent overthrow of the regime of another State’. However, Uganda failed to prove its allegations of intervention. It did not show active support by the DRC for attacks on Ugandan territory.62 Nor did it show acquiescence or toleration of anti-Ugandan rebels on its territory. The parties did not dispute the presence of the rebels on the territory of the DRC. Uganda argued that before 1997 the rebel groups were able to act unimpeded in the border region because of its mountainous terrain, its remoteness from the capital and the almost complete absence of central governmental presence in the region. The Court did not accept that the absence of action by the government of the DRC (then known as Zaire) against the rebel groups in the border area was tantamount to ‘tolerating’ or ‘acquiescing’ in their activities.63 At first the DRC had not been capable of stopping the actions of the rebels; subsequently it had in fact taken clear action.64 This is an important decision on the scope of the duty of non-intervention. The Court took a strict approach and was not willing to accept that inability to act against rebels or ineffective action make a state guilty of intervention. There must be actual toleration or acquiescence.65 Clearly this may be difficult to prove. Hence the dissenting judges in this case argued it was for the state accused of unlawful intervention to show that it had discharged its ‘duty of vigilance’, but the Court did not agree.66 The practical difficulties in proving violation of this duty may be seen arising from the accusations and counter-accusations of the governments of Afghanistan and Pakistan, each accusing the other of toleration of Taliban and Al Qaeda forces operating from their territories in 2006–7.67
The reference by the Court in the Nicaragua case to the legality of intervention in response to an invitation by the government was very brief; this brevity masks the complexity that may arise in the interpretation and application of this rule. The basic principle of the right of a government to invite a third state to use force and the absence of any such right for an opposition may be accepted in theory, but its application in practice has not been simple.68 The previous chapter examined the debates as to humanitarian intervention, national liberation movements, and pro-democratic intervention; the law on all these may affect the legality of help to the opposition in a state. Various other limits on the right of a government to seek and receive outside assistance have been suggested as evolving through practice since the inception of the UN. The duty of non-intervention and the inalienable right of every state to choose its political, economic, social, and cultural systems have brought with them the duty not to intervene to help a government in a civil war. However, if there has been outside subversion against the government, then help to the government becomes permissible, whether or not there is a pre-existing treaty provision for this. And if the conflict is limited then it will not be characterised as a civil war, but merely as domestic unrest, and so help will be permissible.
This generally agreed position was put forward by the UK in a Foreign Policy Document in 1984 which set out the general prohibition of forcible intervention and the possible exceptions to this.69 It said that normally if one state requested assistance from another, then clearly that intervention could not be dictatorial and therefore unlawful. But a major restriction on the lawfulness of states providing outside assistance to other states was that any form of interference or assistance was prohibited when a civil war was taking place and control of the state’s territory was divided between warring parties.70 However, it was widely accepted that outside interference in favour of one party to the struggle permitted counter-intervention on behalf of the other.71
The categorization of a conflict may therefore be crucial in the determination of the legality of forcible intervention. The question arises first as to whether a conflict is actually a civil war or whether it is merely limited local unrest. Are opposition forces in control of territory? This line between unrest and civil war has proved controversial. States have not on the whole been willing to admit that the threshold of a civil war has been reached; they see such an acknowledgement as legitimating opposition forces. This has proved a fundamental obstacle to the effective implementation of humanitarian law in non-international armed conflicts. Second, if the conflict is a civil war, is it a purely civil war or has there been outside intervention? What has been the scope of the outside intervention: does it amount to an armed attack allowing collective self-defence or is it merely a lesser intervention allowing aid short of collective self-defence to the government? Is the government using force against a people with the right of self-determination? All these issues affect the rights of third states to intervene to assist the government.
Even the determination as to whether a conflict is an inter-state conflict or a civil war may be far from straightforward. Questions as to classification—is the conflict civil or international?—may be decisive as to the applicable law and as to the legality of the use of force. In the past this issue came up dramatically over the 1961–75 war in Vietnam. The competing parties fundamentally disagreed as to the nature of the conflict. The USA and South Vietnam argued that the conflict was an inter-state war begun by the invasion of South Vietnam by North Vietnam, a Cold War conflict in which the USA was operating in collective self-defence of its ally against a Chinese-aided invasion by North Vietnam, and later also against forces in Cambodia and Laos. North Vietnam argued that the conflict was one of decolonization; the people of the whole of Vietnam were resisting the perpetuation of colonial rule.72 If the former was accurate, then the rules applicable were those in Article 51 on inter-state conflict; if the latter view was correct, then the conflict was one in which the USA was intervening in a struggle for decolonization by the people of the whole of Vietnam. The Security Council did not play an active role in this conflict and did not pronounce on the issue.73 Conflicts in other divided states such as Korea, Yemen, and Ireland have given rise to similar issues of classification.
More recently the question of classification came up in the 1991–95 conflict in Bosnia-Herzegovina.74 | <urn:uuid:a329b836-5549-45c0-bf83-22ec795b4fd8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lawexplores.com/invitation-and-intervention-civil-wars-and-the-use-of-force/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.966717 | 6,751 | 2.40625 | 2 |
Have you ever woke up in the morning, dreading that you have to get up and endure another day’s grind? You’ll follow the same routine: coffee, shave, shower, traffic, cubicle, stare at computer screen, office bullshit, fill ‘er up, over-priced gas, over-priced bland lunch, back to cubicle, punch in, punch out, traffic, home, pile of bills, empty wallet, veg out in front of tv, restless sleep, then do it again.
At some point you stop and ask, “Is THIS the “American Dream?”….Really?
Don’t get me wrong. What you do every day is probably really important. And, you probably endure it all with a smile and a brave sense of “duty” or something.
But deep down, you know that this isn’t all there is, right?
Deep down, you yearn for the freedom of being 10 years old again, before the world became so “adult” and “responsible” and “practical” and limiting. You want to be able to dream unlimited dreams that have no boundaries. When you were 10 years old, you dreamed, and actually believed, that you could do anything you wanted to do: be an astronaut, a pilot, a belly dancer, a princess, a deep sea diver, an Olympic champion, a pro-football player, a rock star.
But somewhere along the way, someone said you couldn’t…and you believed them.
Maybe it was a teacher, a parent, or someone else trying to protect you from disappointment. But then again…maybe that “someone” was you?
If you are not living the life you want to live; if you are not fully energized by all the possibilities that surround you in this world of Abundance…then you are NOT living the American Dream.
What is blocking your view? What’s in the way between where you are now and where you really want to be?
And more importantly…what are you willing to do to kick down that obstruction?
What is the American Dream? “They” say that we should get a good education, get a good job, buy a home, save some money, and so on. Be safe. Be responsible.
But who are “they”? And why do “they” get to determine what your dreams are?
And when did trading your time for dollars and carrying a hefty mortgage, buying a new car, paying a pretty penny for fuel to get to your job, both of which further encourage you to put in more time for dollars to afford it become a dream? For many, this seems more like a nightmare!
And these “things” can be taken away at any moment.
It’s almost as if you don’t follow their version of the American Dream, then you are somehow less responsible or what you do is less respectable.
How many successful entrepreneurs today, the ones that are now forging the way into our future of Abundance, started the journey of their own American Dream among protests and criticism from people around them…and yet they still moved forward.
They kicked down that obstruction from where they were to where they wanted to be. Who told them they could do that? Who gave them permission? Was it a teacher, a parent, a mentor?
Or, was it the spirit of the 10-year old still alive and kicking deep within their being that whispered…”You Can”
This little rant is in honor of the Fourth of July – a marker of Independence for America. I know, freedom don’t come free. But that doesn’t mean that you have to sell your soul to a job, or a life, that brings you no joy or happiness.
Because really – you are not fully contributing to this life, or to society as a whole, until you embrace what your true passion and purpose in life really are.
The American Dream = Freedom.
You get to decide what the dream is. You get to decide what your own freedom means.
Here is what I want you to do. Think of someone in your world right now (friend, spouse, son, daughter, parent, yourself) who you can encourage to follow their dreams, their passions, their ideal life.
Sometimes it only takes one person to believe in a dream to make it a reality. Will that be you?
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Join our mailing list to receive the latest marketing and writing tips from our us. | <urn:uuid:0e857d4b-08c2-473a-8d1a-98427624db1c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.yourresearchdiva.com/what-is-your-american-dream/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.95979 | 978 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Fair In Progress At Bombay Maidan 1932 Old Photo
This is an old photo of the fair or exhibition at the Maidan in Bombay, now Mumbai. A news photo from the British India era of 1932. The massive open areas of the Oval Maidan, Azad Maidan, Cooperage, and Cross Maidan composed of the Esplanade. Mahatma Gandhi at the peak of the Quit India movement addressed one of the largest meetings at Azad Maidan in December 1931.
Ar the time of the British India years exhibitions were common on the Maidan or Esplanade. See my post- Antique Print Royal Visit To Bombay 1883. Very interesting to view a fair in progress in 1883 on this same grounds. On one side we all perhaps secretly admire the British for creating broad roads, magnificent buildings, open spaces, gardens, and so on. Despite, however we may feel of the shortcomings of colonial rule.
Read about- Oval Maidan.
Did you know- the maidan from being evening recreational areas to becoming the mecca of cricket.
From the collection- 1964 M. Suriyamoorthy Charcoal On Paper (#2)., Old Photo- Mumbai Racecourse Bombay 1880., Star Of India Flag & United Service Club – Vintage Postcard., Antique Print Mahatma Gandhi On The Streets of Bombay., Page From Rare 1713 Latin Book on Calicut | <urn:uuid:c0313f7b-6b62-48cf-9f24-1a5adf76058c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.past-india.com/photos-items/fair-in-progress-at-bombay-maidan-1932-old-photo/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.894644 | 283 | 1.8125 | 2 |
PrepU for Taylor's Fundamentals of Nursing , 9e uses a formative and individualized approach to help students master their Fundamentals course. The adaptive quizzing engine provides students with personalized quizzes that help each student learn based on demonstrated mastery, while giving instructors a window into students and class-wide misconceptions, strengths, and weaknesses. The new edition has been fully updated in conjunction with the main text, with more than 500 questions added to the existing database of thousands of questions, many of them alternate-format and image-based.This version of PrepU for Taylor's Fundamentals of Nursing , 9e is for 12 months of access through the purchase of a unique code redeemed via thePoint ( http://thepoint.lww.com). That code will be shipped to you via U.S. mail within 3 to 7 days of your online purchase.
PrepU for Taylor's Fundamentals of Nursing The Art and Science of Person-Centered Nursing Care - PREPU
Ninth, Stand Alone Edition, 12nd Month Access edition
Other Printed Material (14 Nov 2018)
Not available for sale
Includes delivery to USA
Out of stock | <urn:uuid:9738124a-89ba-450b-a275-997e57ef929e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blackwells.co.uk/bookshop/product/PrepU-for-Taylors-Fundamentals-of-Nursing-by-Carol-Taylor-author-Pamela-Lynn-author-Carol-Lillis-author-Jennifer-Bartlett-author-Priscilla-LeMone-author/9781496385444 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.880761 | 238 | 1.789063 | 2 |
Where do children learn to think highly of their mothers? Who sets the pattern for their young minds, positioning Mom as a much-loved and respected member of the family—instead of being chief cook and scrub lady?
The best public-relations agent for Mom—is Dad. Fathers can wield tremendous influence over what children think of their mothers, or of women in general. Early in my marriage to Shirley, I learned that occasional irritation between us quickly reflected itself in the behavior of our children. They seemed to feel, “If Dad can argue with Mom, then we can, too.” I learned how important it was to express love and admiration for my wife, even when there were issues that we needed to iron out beyond their gaze. In short, my attitudes became the attitudes of my children, which I now know to be typical.
In a world that often discounts the contribution of women, especially stay at home moms, it’s up to us as husbands to say in a dozen ways, “Your mother is a wonderful woman! She works hard and deserves tremendous credit for what she gives to us all. As far as I’m concerned, she’s number one!”
Kids will quickly recognize the respect shown by a father and reflect it in their attitudes and behavior. It is a public-relations assignment that only they can perform.
From Dr. Dobson's book The Complete Marriage and Family Home Reference Guide. | <urn:uuid:2dada350-36e6-4981-95b3-15ef258e6d30> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.drjamesdobson.org/blogs/dadkids-will-relate-to-mom-based-on-your-actions?hsLang=en | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.974936 | 298 | 1.828125 | 2 |
The 1984 film Purple Dawn supplies audiences with invaluable classes about asymmetrical warfare. Set in a fictionalized version of Calumet, a little town in Colorado, the movie commences with the invasion of the United States by an alliance of communist countries and it follows a group of young people who become a resistance group named following their large faculty soccer team. In addition to becoming a perfect encapsulation of Cold War angst, the movie is also a situation examine on how to encourage, and be defeated, by an insurgency.
While the Soviets, Cubans, and Nicaraguans originally be successful in capturing the smaller town of Calumet, they quickly locate on their own dealing with the Wolverines, a drive of established guerilla fighters that only grows stronger with every single try to crush the local population’s help for the insurgency.
In Red Dawn, our heroes are drawn into battle immediately after they are pressured to eliminate 3 Soviet soldiers who discover their hiding spot in the mountains. The communists reply by executing the major characters’ people and other American civilians, who are slice down in front of a group of onlookers which include nuns just before they can sing the refrain for “America the Stunning.”
The film then exhibits the teenagers’ metamorphosis from scared young children to fight-hardened rebels through a quintessential 80s montage. In minimal a lot more than a few minutes, the Wolverines achieve a collection of good victories that contain luring a Soviet tank crew into a destroy zone, wherever the enemy power is annihilated stopping yet another reprisal from civilians by surgically getting out a Soviet firing squad with out killing any American hostages and executing a very well-prepared ambush in which 1 Wolverine is completely positioned to fall hand grenades on to the enemy’s major force – all without having any military services instruction in any way.
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When lots of of the communists’ ways are clumsy and unlawful underneath the Law of Armed Conflict, Purple Dawn shows that any military that has experienced to struggle a conventional war can be caught flat-footed from an insurgency. The U.S. navy had to rediscover its long-forgotten counterinsurgency competencies to battle Al Qaeda in Iraq. Regrettably, the lessons that served degrade that insurgency did not prove to be a panacea for Afghanistan.
Retired Gen. David Petraeus, who led U.S. troops in the course of the Iraq surge and later served as the top rated U.S. and NATO commander in Afghanistan, expressed a single of the core principles of counterinsurgency: Really do not make any additional enemies than you already have.
“If we kill civilians or problems their house in the class of our operations, we will produce much more enemies than our functions eradicate,” Petraeus reported in August 2010.
“We are engaged in a challenging endeavor,” Petraeus ongoing. “It is generally brutal, physically demanding and discouraging. All of us encounter times of anger, but we should not give in to dim impulses or tolerate unacceptable steps by many others.”
In both of those Iraq and Afghanistan, the U.S. navy tried to perform with neighborhood forces to battle from insurgents. This marketing campaign was more productive in Iraq’s Anbar province than in Afghanistan, in which warlords whose loyalty to the Kabul govt was often in problem fled the place in August 2021.
By supporting horrendously corrupt and predatory Afghan leaders and failing to prevent civilian casualties, the U.S. armed forces misplaced the Afghan people’s have confidence in, explained Jonathan Schroden, an Afghanistan expert with CNA, a federally funded study and enhancement heart.
“The Afghan men and women in substantial component observed the U.S. leading to civilian casualties as staying unacceptable,” Schroden explained to Job & Intent. “The far more it took place in excess of time, the more time it transpired, the fewer enamored of the U.S. presence in Afghanistan the Afghan individuals became.”
The Afghans also observed that even with all the money the United States was pouring into Afghanistan, most of their life have been not getting greater, he claimed.
Meanwhile, the Taliban waged a effective insurgency marketing campaign by correctly merged actual physical and details operations to implement strain on Afghan civilians and the country’s protection forces.
“They just experienced a significantly improved truly feel for people at the grassroots stage than the U.S. – or, arguably the governing administration the U.S. supported – at any time did,” Schroden mentioned.
The Pentagon did not reply to a ask for from Endeavor & Objective to give a remark for this tale about how the U.S. military realized from unpleasant activities that folks are the center of gravity in any counterinsurgency campaign.
1 of the classes from Purple Dawn is that insurgencies can turn out to be a symbol, said Rep. Mike Waltz (R-Fla.), who is also an Army colonel and Special Forces officer.
“They want to be rather operationally efficient, which they had been – Patrick Swayze and Jennifer Gray, they had been – but at the close of the working day, they have to have to survive and develop into a more substantial symbol for the resistance,” Waltz instructed Process & Function.
From a counterinsurgency standpoint, a single of the communists’ finest faults was failing to quash the Wolverines just before they could inspire resistance to the invasion, Waltz explained.
Fidel Castro, the former communist dictator of Cuba, delivers an illustration of how a little insurgency can increase into a nationwide resistance movement. New York Situations correspondent Herbert L. Matthews interviewed Castro in 1957. Castro later on admitted that he only had about 18 fighters at the time, but he was able to persuade Matthews that his motion was “the flaming symbol of opposition to the regime” then led by Gen. Fulgencio Batista.
“From the appears to be of items, Common Batista can not possibly hope to suppress the Castro revolt,” Matthews wrote. “His only hope is that an Army column will arrive upon the youthful rebel chief and his workers and wipe them out. That is hardly very likely to come about, if at all, just before March 1, when the present suspension of constitutional guarantees is intended to finish.”
Castro also significantly exaggerated the measurement of his pressure, telling Matthews: “Batista has 3,000 guys in the area in opposition to us. I will not inform you how lots of we have, for noticeable factors. He is effective in columns of 240 we in groups 10 to forty, and we are successful. It is a fight versus time and time is on our aspect.”
Matthews’ articles or blog posts produced Castro famous and contributed to the U.S. government’s final decision in March 1958 to cease sending arms to Batista. Castro’s insurgency sooner or later grew more substantial and toppled the Batista authorities in January 1959.
As for Purple Dawn, towards the middle of the movie, a close friend of Patrick Swayze’s character tells him that People in america in unoccupied elements of the United States have listened to about the Wolverines’ exploits and there are rumors that the U.S. armed forces will send Eco-friendly Berets to enable them.
Lifestyle, meanwhile, has a way of imitating art. Waltz was about 10 years previous when Pink Dawn initial came out, and he remembers how the film inspired him to devise a program to combat the Russians with his bow and arrow if the invasion arrived.
“We already realized with all my buddies exactly where we were being heading to start off our Wolverine resistance motion,” Waltz mentioned. “I assume it almost certainly planted a seed for my long run Army job.”
Russia’s newest invasion of Ukraine also demonstrates how highly effective symbols of resistance can be, like the apocryphal tales about the “Ghost of Kyiv” fighter pilot and the heroic previous stand of Ukrainians on Snake Island. Then in spring, photographs began emerging on social media demonstrating ruined Russian navy equipment tagged with the word “Wolverines,” just as in Pink Dawn.
By not shutting down the world wide web in Ukraine, the Russians have permitted the symbology of the resistance to spread, Waltz mentioned.
The lessons in Crimson Dawn about insurgent warfare also implement to Taiwan, where the U.S. government is helping to make the island reorganize their countrywide guard and reserve forces to put together for partisan warfare, Waltz added. Laying the groundwork for a Taiwanese insurgency is meant to prevent a Chinese invasion.
Chinese leader Xi Jinping wants the conquest of Taiwan to be accomplished just before the United States and its allies could intervene, Waltz said. That’s why the U.S. government wants to allow China know that Taiwan has a technique for defense in depth in which all Taiwanese citizens have equally the will and arms to resist that will make any invasion of the island a extensive, really hard slog and obtain ample time for the United States and other nations around the world to mobilize.
“We hope that will then be a deterrent evaluate that it’s much too much of a porcupine to swallow,” Waltz mentioned.
By the conclude of Red Dawn, most of the Wolverines have been killed, but their support to the United States is memorialized in a U.S. Countrywide Park Support monument. One of the enduring classes of the movie is a warning to any would-be invaders: No rallying cry is more highly effective than “Avenge me!”
The latest on Undertaking & Function
Want to produce for Process & Goal? Simply click below. Or look at out the most recent tales on our homepage. | <urn:uuid:48efe6c4-8134-481f-a09f-a1fb65fc7bb2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://santamariahistory.org/what-the-cult-classic-red-dawn-teaches-us-about-insurgent-warfare.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.954338 | 2,069 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Student: Emily Silich, Undergraduate Student in Astronomy, Physics, and Mathematics, University of Iowa
Research Mentor: Philip Kaaret
HaloSat Observations of the Vela and Puppis A Supernova Remnants
I am performing an investigation into the soft X-ray spectra of the Vela and Puppis A supernova remnants with HaloSat data. The Vela SNR is among the brightest and largest sources in the soft X-ray sky, with a diameter of approximately 8 degrees. It is estimated to be a middle-aged SNR with its primary X-ray emission being due to two thermal components of heated interstellar cloud matter. The Vela SNR is along the same line-of-sight as the Puppis A SNR, so that the two SNRs overlap from our perspective. The Puppis A SNR is also among the brightest sources in the soft X-ray sky. Younger than the Vela SNR, the Puppis A SNR has an X-ray spectrum dominated by shock-heated interstellar material. HaloSat is NASA’s first astrophysics CubeSat mission which is sensitive to X-ray emission in the 0.4 − 7 keV band. It is the first instrument to observe the entire Vela SNR within its field of view in the soft X-ray band with moderate spectral resolution. With HaloSat data, I utilize the XSPEC X-ray spectral fitting package to identify spectral components from each SNR and determine the most accurate models to simultaneously fit them. From these models, I characterize the plasma temperatures, elemental abundances, interstellar absorptions, X-ray luminosities, and ionization timescales for each SNR. I am currently writing a paper on this analysis which will be submitted to the Astrophysical Journal and form the basis of my honors thesis. | <urn:uuid:72a5119a-d05b-434f-a256-ce0725bac2a9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.iaspacegrant.org/2019/10/23/emily-silich-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.921148 | 378 | 2 | 2 |
Whether you’re hitting the beach in July or the slopes in January, protecting your eyes from the sun is important all year round. Read on to learn how to choose the right sunglasses to suit your hobbies, your needs, and your personal style.
How to Choose the Right Sunglasses for You
You can find sunglasses at nearly any clothing store or department store, but sometimes the choices can be overwhelming. Here are some suggestions that will help you select the right pair.
Q: How much UV protection do they provide?
Excessive exposure to the sun’s UV rays can lead to a variety of problems down the line, like macular degeneration and cataracts. Look for glasses that protect against both UV-A and UV-B rays. Good sunglasses will list the percent of UV rays they block, so look for ones that are rated UV400 or higher. This rating means that they’ll block 99.9% of UV rays. Sunglasses labeled “cosmetic” won’t offer much protection at all.
Q: Is the tint too much?
Polarized glasses can help block a lot of the sun’s glare, which is helpful for driving or walking outside on sunny days. However, some colors of lenses can affect how you see contrasting colors. This can be helpful or harmful depending on the situation. For example, brown lenses are good for skiing and snowboarding while amber or yellow lenses can make color recognition difficult, which can be bad when you’re driving and need to pay attention to stop lights.
Q: What are they made of?
If you are looking for rugged glasses that will stand up to a lot of wear and tear during outdoor activities, look for scratch-resistant lenses. For example, polyurethane glasses can live through harsh impacts, and are very flexible.
Q: Do they make you look fabulous?
Of course, eye protection is key, but you want it to look good on you as well! Usually, you want to look for glasses that contrast the shape of your face. For example, if you have a rounder face, angular frames will probably look best on you. Try out a few pairs, and pick a color that goes with everything!
Explore our Line of Eyeglasses
In addition to comprehensive eye care, Michigan Eye Institute offers an array of prescription eyeglasses and sunglasses.
Step into one of our eye care centers in Flint, Lapeer, Oxford, Fenton, or Grand Blanc to explore our eyeglass frames and learn more about how to choose the right sunglasses for you. | <urn:uuid:b59ea3e3-129d-4d8e-be0d-4c42b47218fc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mieye.com/looking-good-tips-choose-right-sunglasses/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.936624 | 536 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Hedge Woundwort (Stachys sylvatica)
The whole herb is styptic and its main use was to stem the flow of blood. The plant also yields a yellow dye. The stem produces a strong fibre.
Hedge woundwort is a food plants used by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species, including the moths Coleophora auricella, C. lineolea, and C. wockeella. It is also widely used by the European wool carder bee (Anthidium manicatum), which scrape the hairs from the plant in order to use them for nest building.[ | <urn:uuid:69716d81-bc70-4bc3-91a6-6239a68c01b1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thewildenmarshblog.com/2018/06/28/hedge-woundwort-stachys-sylvatica/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.944872 | 130 | 3.078125 | 3 |
Women of Somerset Place
by John Sykes
Reprinted with permission from the Tar Heel Junior Historian, Spring 1994.
Tar Heel Junior Historian Association, NC Museum of History
Somerset Place, located in Washington County, was one of North Carolina’s largest plantations. Bordering on the shores of Lake Phelps, Somerset had more than two thousand acres of farmland and another 125,000 acres of cypress and white cedar forests. Mary Riggs (1808–1872) of Newark, New Jersey, became the matriarch of Somerset when she married Josiah Collins III (1808–1863) in 1829. She had gone to the same school in New York City that Josiah’s five sisters had attended. After the wedding the young couple made Somerset their home. Josiah had inherited the plantation from his grandfather, the first Josiah Collins of Edenton. Somerset was also the home of more than three hundred slaves, most of whom were women.
Life at Somerset Place revolved around farming. Josiah and the overseers kept good records each year to prepare for the next year’s planting season. Most of Somerset’s slaves were field hands who labored five days a week from sunrise to sunset and until noon on Saturdays. Each morning the overseer had the horn sounded to begin the workday. The field hands were divided into gangs assigned to different tasks and different fields.
Sixty percent of Somerset’s field hands were women and they labored in the fields alongside the men. In the winter months, women and the older children cleaned out the ditches, cleared the fields of weeds, cleaned the roads, repaired and built fences, chopped wood for the wood house, and burned wood to make charcoal. In the spring, men, women, and children prepared the fields for planting. Children planted the potatoes, turnips, and flax. During the herring season, they were sent to dip herring out of the canal. There were two harvest holidays, one in June after the wheat harvest and another in October. The slaves also had a five-day holiday at Christmas. Those who had family members in Edenton were sometimes allowed to visit them then.
Women who were too old for field work were given jobs closer to the Big House like weeding the gardens, milking the plantation’s fifty-two cows, watching over the herd of 225 sheep, tending the chicken yard and pigpens, or caring for the little children whose mothers worked in the fields. One of those who worked with the older women was Rebecca “Becky” Drew (1825–1901). Becky had been born in Edenton at another Collins plantation and had been sent at age fifteen to work in the fields at Somerset Place. Homesick for her mother and family, Becky was caught trying to run away and was put in the stocks overnight. Unfortunately, the night turned cold, her feet became frozen, and she lost circulation in both legs. Her feet had to be amputated. Despite her handicap, Becky could still walk and was able to do small jobs.
Charlotte Cabarrus, the Collins’s family housekeeper, was born in Edenton about 1800. She and her family had been freed by their owner, Auguste Cabarrus. Because she was free, Charlotte was the only black on the plantation to be paid for her work. She was hired when Josiah and Mary first came to Somerset Place. When the Collins boys were small, she was their nurse. The boys were very fond of Charlotte and called her “Shish.” Because Mary Riggs Collins was not born in the South, she was not fully prepared to run a large plantation household, unlike most wealthy southern women. Charlotte was her helpful second-in-command. It is likely that she guided her mistress in the effective management of the household. Charlotte also helped those slaves who were sick.
Mary loved to entertain and frequently had members of her family come from New Jersey for long visits. One of her greatest pleasures was the flower garden that she developed near the Big House alongside the canal. An experimenter with flowers, Mary had a greenhouse near the kitchen. There, she could plant new varieties of flowers for her garden. When her neighbor, Caroline Pettigrew, asked for some ivy, Mary shocked Caroline by bringing the ivy cuttings and planting them herself. Caroline thought Mary would have sent one of the three slaves who helped her in the garden.
In June 1860 Mary suffered a severe stroke that left her partially paralyzed and unable to write or speak. Her new daughter-in-law, Sarah “Sally” Rebecca Jones Collins, suddenly found herself in charge of the large household at Somerset Place. Sally was twenty-seven years old and had recently married the Collinses’ oldest son, Joe (Josiah IV). Born in Hillsborough, Sally was sent to school in the North but had been taught how to manage a plantation household by her mother, also the mistress of a large plantation. In December 1860 Sally had her first child, whom she named for her mother-in-law.
During the Civil War, the Collins family left Somerset Place in care of the overseer. Many of the slaves were transported up-country to a plantation in Franklin County called Hurry Scurry. The Collinses hoped to keep the slaves away from the Union forces that took over most of eastern North Carolina.
Josiah Collins III died in 1863. Mary Collins and her sons returned to Somerset Place after the war. The plantation was never as profitable as before the war, and they gave up farming there. Most of the freed slaves moved away from the plantation in search of employment. For many years, Somerset Place was farmed by others. In the 1950s the State of North Carolina took over most of the plantation property. The Big House and outbuildings were restored and are now open as a state historic site.
John Sykes is a former researcher with the Historic Sites Section, Division of Archives and History, Department of Cultural Resources. At the time of this article’s publication, he was a graduate student in southern history at the University of Alabama. He is a former member of the THJHA.
Collins Family Home, Somerset Place, ca. 1830. Image courtesy of NC Historic Sites. Available from http://www.nchistoricsites.org/somerset/main.htm (accessed December 19, 2012).
1 January 1994 | Sykes, John | <urn:uuid:512125a6-5394-4941-a124-a35188948a84> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ncpedia.org/history/somerset-place | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.985945 | 1,349 | 3.53125 | 4 |
Use of glyphosate in New Zealand
01 October 2019
As a regulator of hazardous substances in New Zealand, the EPA gathers information from multiple credible sources when deciding whether substances are safe to use.
Products containing glyphosate are considered safe, provided that all of the rules around their use are followed.
The rules around use include people wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles and boots; applying sprays during calm and dry conditions, at designated use rates; and storing appropriately.
We are aware that some reports linking glyphosate to health impacts are causing concern. We are in alignment with the vast majority of regulatory bodies around the world – including in the European Union, United States, Australia and Canada - which agree that glyphosate is unlikely to cause cancer.
In 2015 an International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) report classified glyphosate as “2A probably carcinogenic”. Other things that fall under that same classification include hot drinks (over 65degC) and acrylamide – which are the crispy burned proteins from the barbecue or chips.
IARC’s role is to identify potential hazards. Our role as regulator is to ensure those hazards are adequately managed by appropriate controls (rules for use).
We continue to monitor research into health effects from glyphosate. Since 2016 there have not been any further significant studies to support the IARC finding, despite further research that continues to be conducted internationally. | <urn:uuid:900ef207-2934-4d41-a039-4cbe4447d9d5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.epa.govt.nz/news-and-alerts/latest-news/use-of-glyphosate-in-new-zealand/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.958082 | 288 | 3 | 3 |
Gas stations could experience shortages
CHARLOTTE, N.C. (November 1, 2016) – Gas prices are expected to rise after Colonial Pipeline shut down Lines 1 and 2 in response to a gasoline explosion in Shelby County, Alabama late Monday evening. The shutdown could have a major impact on supplies throughout the Carolinas, according to AAA.
“If September’s shutdown was any indicator of what we should expect, prices are definitely going to spike at the pump,” said Tiffany Wright, public relations manager for AAA Carolinas. “We saw price spikes of 20 to 30 cents in some areas and there were a ton of stations with bagged pumps due to shortages.”
In September, officials at Colonial were forced to shut down the pipeline due to a leak, which caused fuel prices to increase throughout the Southeast and Mid-Atlantic regions. The leak resulted in a 12 day shutdown and several states, including the Carolinas, experienced shortages at gas stations. The Southeast had to rely on long-distance truck deliveries from as far as Chicago and waterborne fuel deliveries to help meet demand in the region.
Colonial is a key artery that connects Gulf Coast refineries with markets across the southern and eastern United States, delivering gasoline, diesel, jet fuel and other refined products.
In response to September’s leak, Colonial built a bypass which allowed product to move to impacted areas within 11 days after the initial shutdown. Pump prices in much of the southeast region began to drop once the bypass was in place.
AAA is working closely with OPIS to provide the latest information on the Colonial Pipeline issues.
AAA Carolinas, an affiliate of the American Automobile Association, is a not-for-profit organization that serves more than 2 million members and the public with travel, automobile and insurance services while being an advocate for the safety and security of all travelers. | <urn:uuid:0d5cd5a7-d8af-4801-841c-5f1921fe0174> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://prod-carolinas-aaa-com.azurewebsites.net/about/media-center/gas-prices-to-rise-across-the-carolinas-in-wake-of-pipeline-explosion/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.970056 | 383 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Property Tax Lawyers in Harvey
The government of Harvey, Illinois requires most people who own real property to pay taxes on its value. "Real property" refers to land and buildings, as well as anything else which is permanently attached to a piece of land, including trees, oil, groundwater, minerals, and the like.
The property tax in Harvey, Illinois is simply a percentage of a piece of property's appraised value, paid to the state and/or local government on a periodic - typically annual - basis.
Typically, the federal government does not collect property taxes anywhere in the U.S. Property taxes are collected almost exclusively by state and local authorities.
How Property Tax is Calculated in Harvey, Illinois
Harvey, Illinois property taxes are typically calculated as a percentage of the value of the taxable property. Rates vary widely across the country, typically ranging from less than 1% at the low end, to about 5% at the high end.
In order to levy this tax, the tax authorities in Harvey, Illinois must have an uniform formula for figuring out the value of a given piece of property.
In many ways, the value of a piece of land is relative. After all, many people ascribe sentimental value to their homes, which goes well beyond its market value. To ensure that the system is fair, the government uses only objective standards to determine value.
Consequently, the people in charge of appraising the value of property in Harvey, Illinois have to consider only objective, factual criteria when calculating the value of a piece of land. These criteria include the state of the real estate market, the zoning of the land (which determines how it can be used), and any improvements that have been made to the land, among other things.
How A Harvey, Illinois Property Tax Attorney Can Help.
The property tax system in Harvey, Illinois can get pretty intricate. There are many reasons why you might run into a legal dispute regarding your property tax. For example, you may believe that the appraised value of your property was too high, increasing your tax burden unjustly. Or, the state might accuse you of failing to pay your property tax.
If you encounter a legal issue with your Harvey, Illinois property taxes, and don't handle it properly, unnecessary inconvenience and expense can result. If you have the assistance of a skilled tax attorney in Harvey, Illinois, however, the odds of encountering such a problem will be small. | <urn:uuid:807bfdfd-7658-457e-9423-0b97529cdaa6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://taxattorneys.legalmatch.com/IL/Harvey/property-tax-attorneys.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.953737 | 498 | 1.84375 | 2 |
How does Azure help In Secured Innovations?
The need for security increases day by day. We see that the demand has risen more than ever. Already we have witnessed drastic increases in supply chain attacks, ransomware and identity theft. All these activities threaten human desire and increase the need for a secured business environment. To protect from these attacks, every business requires embedded security into every architecture layer. As the primary cloud platform, Azure offers the best security for its users.
Azure’s built-in security for innovations:
Usually, the developers struggle to integrate the security into the DevOps cycle, and security analytics will be required to slow down the innovation or make the assets unprotected. Protecting the cloud innovations requires a proper security to be built in every stage of its lifecycle and every level of the architecture.
The GitHub advanced security features of Azure will support the developers to deliver secured code with built-in security features like secret scanning to avoid putting secrets like passwords and keys in code sources and code scanning for vulnerabilities.
Azure Defender – the advanced tool also helps the security operations (SecOps) work at scale and enables the protection as well as monitoring of all the cloud resources. Azure also offers broad policy support, actionable best practices and automation.
With the AI and scale of the cloud, defenders will protect, detect and respond at a pace that enables one to get ahead of threats. Microsoft Azure is a complete security approach in this modern day. Azure’s security approach is advanced when compared to the other tools that customers use nowadays.
Thus, anyone can secure the entire organization with Azure since the AI used here is powered by the threat intelligence from across Microsoft’s entire security portfolio. Know more security features of Azure with the Microsoft Azure cloud certification at EkasCloud.
Relevant courses that you may be interested in: | <urn:uuid:5d931977-0c82-47d5-9fb5-d76102ad7f27> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ekascloud.com/our-blog/how-does-azure-help-in-secured-innovations/3106 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.934335 | 376 | 1.539063 | 2 |
- Apr 1 2021
- Length: 54 mins
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Non-Fungible Tokens! You’ve probably heard about them, leading fine art auction houses Christie’s and Sotheby’s now sell them, and famed South African emerald mine heir/Tony Stark-wannabe Elon Musk loves them. They’re so magical that they sometimes disappear! And, perhaps most importantly, they answer the question which has vexed so many since the beginning of digital art: how do we create monetary value for art objects that are easily duplicated and distributed?
This week we discuss the rise of the NFT in digital art, why the tech world seems to love NFTs so much, and why—once again—a utopian ideal might not reflect the real world.
Meaning What is a product of it's no sam studios
Created by Mason Hershenow
Produced by Sean Ang and Christopher Scott McNeill
Edited by Christopher Scott McNeill.
Mix and additional editing by Mason Hershenow
Our theme music is "January: Brief" by Mason Hershenow | <urn:uuid:efbe7429-b390-4703-b8a8-513a5eb4aba1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.audible.com/pd/NFTs-Podcast/B08W247XY2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.926775 | 278 | 1.5 | 2 |
I am a junior doctor. In the past few weeks I have seen dozens of people die from Covid-19. I am 25 years old. I’ve been working in the NHS for just over eight months at a major metropolitan hospital. When my colleagues and I decided to apply for medical school six years ago, we knew that we were signing up for a challenge. We were under no illusion that it would be an easy ride. But I don’t think any of us imagined that we would be on the frontline of a pandemic less than a year into our careers.
I have cared for patients from admission until death and I have held their hands when they have been too breathless to speak. I have fought hard for a patient to be considered for ventilation despite knowing that they didn’t meet the criteria. I stayed with them after my shift had ended, gowned and gloved, and watched them take their last breaths, knowing that a few months ago they might have stood a chance. I ring families to tell them that their loved one who came into hospital for something totally unrelated now has coronavirus and will not survive.
I then apologise and tell them that they won’t be able to visit because of the infection control risk. On one occasion I failed to hold back my tears while I was on the phone and hoped that my voice didn’t tremble enough for them to hear.
This week we have received constant emails from our trust about our lack of personal protective equipment (PPE) and so we have little choice but to care for the patients at our own risk using just surgical masks and plastic aprons because we have now run out of gowns too.
Our ITU (intensive therapy unit) is now full. Our HDU (high dependency unit) is full too. We are now sending patients to an offsite facility to be ventilated. Two of our own staff members have died from the virus. I have no doubt there will be more.
On Sunday evening last week I began to feel run down and noticed that I had lost my senses of taste and smell. This is a newly described but increasingly well recognised symptom of Covid-19.
On Monday morning, after spending five hours on hold to my occupational health department, I got through to a nurse over the phone who advised me to remain in work and was unable to arrange a swab for me on the basis that I didn’t have a cough or a fever. Her answer was totally in line with the current World Health Organization guidance, but it left me with a difficult choice.
Knowing that I was potentially putting lives at risk by staying, I decided to leave the hospital.
Before I left, I managed to source a test request form and my consultant agreed to authorise it. The current test for the coronavirus is a throat swab. The physical swabbing process used across our health service is an aerosol generating procedure which means that there is a high chance of viral transmission between the patient and the person performing the swab.
This is essentially because sticking a swab to the back of your throat causes you to cough virus particles on to the person swabbing you.
I couldn’t ask the nurses on my ward to swab me because we had completely run out of eye protection so I swabbed myself instead. I then arranged to have the swab sent to the virology lab for testing, ensured my ward was adequately staffed and took myself home.
The following day I got a call from occupational health, saying I had tested positive for Covid-19. This means I have to isolate for seven days and my two flatmates, who are also junior doctors, will have to isolate for a total of 14 days.
Testing positive for the same virus that has killed so many of my patients is obviously a daunting prospect but it felt inevitable given the lack of safe PPE. In a way, I was relieved that the wait was over and it had finally hit.
It’s not surprising that I am finding it difficult to relax at home in the knowledge that I am infected with the same virus that I have written down countless times as the “primary cause of death” on the death certificates of my patients. Many of them were young, many of them did not have underlying health conditions.
Did they give it to me? Or did I give it to them? I’ll never know, but I stay up at night wondering.
I am lucky. My symptoms are mild and I can only hope that it stays that way. But while I sit at home in isolation, my mind is occupied by fear and guilt.
I replay images of breathless patients in my head and recall my telephone conversations with their families. I wonder if I had been just that tiny bit more careful, or washed my hands once more or not scratched my face with my gloves that maybe I could have prevented some of those deaths. I feel guilty that my flatmates can’t work. I feel bad that my colleagues who are now covering the shifts that I cannot do will be overworked and are prolonging their exposure to the virus.
I also worry about the possible consequences of having swabbed myself. When the occupational health nurse told me to remain in work and couldn’t swab me, I bent the rules and exploited my position. I hope that it will be overlooked. Ultimately my instinct proved to be right and my rule breaking resulted in protection for the patients and colleagues that I could have infected if I had done as I was told and remained in work.
Beyond all the fear and worry, I miss my friends and my family so much. They ring me daily and ask how I am doing. They probably can’t even imagine the things that I have had to do or see. I don’t know if I will ever tell them how bad things have got because I can’t bear the thought of them being worried.
Most of the time I just long to be in the hospital because it is the best distraction. As a result, my colleagues have become my family. The doctors, the nurses, the admin staff, the porters, the cleaners. They are brave and they are brilliant and they inspire me to be the same. Beyond the fear, exhaustion, uncertainty, loneliness and tears we somehow still manage to smile every day. We smile mainly with our eyes because covering our faces with masks has become the new norm. The pandemic has united us in ways that I can’t describe.
It is hard to find words strong enough to describe the pride I feel to be a part of the relentlessly compassionate organisation that we call the NHS. To anyone who has thanked us or named us heroes … please know that to me it is both a privilege and an honour.
I wish the NHS received the funding or support that it so desperately deserves. Perhaps a global pandemic and the prime minister being admitted to ITU will be enough to make the government finally sit up and listen.
Tomorrow, my isolation period will be complete. I am relieved that my body has managed to fight off the virus so that I can continue to fight for those who have been less fortunate. | <urn:uuid:6b7cff1c-d214-4691-8c3e-68a18cd4686c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/apr/14/coronavirus-i-worry-about-my-colleagues-an-nhs-junior-doctor-describes-the-challenges-she-faces?CMP=share_btn_tw | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.981244 | 1,484 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Why Do Engines Need Backpressure?
In truth, engines don’t really need back pressure. This is one example of a common misconception among those who are not that familiar or not an expert when it comes to automobile matters. Well, back pressure in fact is the one that maintains and regulates the release of the car’s exhaust into a slower stream. This is the one whichenables the temperature of the exhaust valve in order for it to function well and consistently not to mention the fact that it eventually makes the life of the engine live longer and do its purpose better.
If you are not yet convinced, let us try to go further and once again ask this confusing statement about engines and backpressures: “an engine should have a backpressure in order for it to work and function correctly.” Is this true? In the strictest sense, the answer is a big no. It would be categorically more acceptable to assert: “Awell-functioning stock engine which cannot adjust its fuel delivery requires backpressure so as to function work properly.”
Indeed, this idea is but a proven myth. As with all the myths, however, it is always a given fact that there could also be a hint of truth with this statement. Most people especially those who work in vulcanizing shops who did not undergo formal education, considers backpressure the same as torque, and most automobile owners are worried that a small amount of this backpressure mightactually causes the valve to burn.
Basically, the possible reason in which the exhaust valves may burn is due to the fact that the engine is in fact burning lean. Every ordinary car engine can manage lean burning for a just a bit, however, it may not be able to tolerate for a prolonged period of time. This system of car engines brings us to the reality that every engine does not need a back pressure. | <urn:uuid:b71f0324-7c8e-4549-8e32-36c6d4346957> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.knowswhy.com/why-do-engines-need-backpressure/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.955348 | 385 | 3 | 3 |
'Crowns: Portraits of Black Women in Church Hats'
A new off-Broadway play is all about hats -- sort of.
Crowns tells the story of six African-American women through the hats they wear to church. For Weekend Edition Saturday, Jeff Lunden reports on the stories behind the hats.
In 1998, North Carolina photographer Michael Cunningham began taking pictures of women in their hats. His friend, journalist Craig Marberry, thought they should put together a book of the photos and the stories behind them. Marberry was curious why so many African-American women wear flamboyant hats to church.
"I think it's because it's rooted in the African tradition that says that when one presents oneself before God… that you should be at your best –- that you should present excellence before the Almighty," Marberry says. "And that tradition of adorning the head for worship is a very African tradition.
Even before the book was finished, Marberry approached the artistic director of McCarter Theatre in Princeton, N.J., about adapting it for the stage.
The tales that Cunningham and Marberry collected were eventually turned into a theater piece by playwright and director Regina Taylor, perhaps best known as the Golden Globe award-winning actress in the television series I'll Fly Away. She says she wanted the hats to tell the stories.
"Hats reveal and they conceal," Taylor says. "And… in the course of this play, we're taking away all these layers, in terms of where these women come from, who their parents were and also beyond their memories to the subconscious memory that's been passed down, from generation to generation."
Crowns takes many of the stories in the book right off the page. From the more than 50 women in the book, Taylor created six composite characters. She tells their story over the course of a Sunday. The audience sees the women get ready for church, attend a morning service, a wedding, a funeral and a baptism. Five older women are joined by a visitor -- a younger woman from Brooklyn.
The young woman is a pivotal character. Taylor says she's "indoctrinated... baptized in this history. And she's changed by this experience of finding out about these women, through their hats."
Photographer Cunningham says the lone younger character is consistent with his experience in collecting images for the book. There are many photos of women in their 40s and older, but very few of women who are younger.
"I think if younger women really realize what these women had to go through, just to be able to wear a hat -- not being able to go into certain stores and buy hats that they wanted and not having… the money to afford a nice hat -- I think if they really realize it's more than just sitting a pretty hat on top of your head, that a lot of them would respect it more," Cunningham says.
When they were working on the book, photographer Cunningham and author Marberry learned that most women own more than one hat. On average, Mayberry says, the 50 women in the book owned 54 hats each.
Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org. | <urn:uuid:acfc354d-ac17-4a55-8a1d-49932d96838b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.kazu.org/2002-12-13/crowns-portraits-of-black-women-in-church-hats | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.980068 | 659 | 1.5625 | 2 |
Zusslrennen – The Carnival Race in Prato allo Stelvio
The Carnival is very popular in South Tyrol and it is celebrated with numerous events inspired by ancient traditions. One of this events takes place in Prato allo Stelvio and it is called “The race of Zussl”.
Every Fat Thursday the town becomes the kingdom of the Zussl. They are dressed in white from head to toe and adorned with colorful ribbons and paper pulp flowers.
They wear large bells that they used to chase away the winter and cold, thus awaking spring.
They are accompanied by six young men dressed as white horses who drag a wooden plough behind them.
The parade ends with the sower, the farmer and farmer’s wife, servants and the couple “Zoch and Pfott”.
All these characters carry some agricultural tools to symbolize the end of winter and the beginning of the warm season.
There are food and drink to keep the carnival spirit high, even among the curious to participate in this unique event in the world.
Come and discover this incredible event! | <urn:uuid:df0f6e89-0f2e-420c-9514-fbb1525eb0e9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sudtirol.com/en/events-south-tyrol/zusslrennen.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.948679 | 238 | 1.757813 | 2 |
The Knowles Fellowship challenged and supported me every step of the way. I feel like I was given a career’s worth of professional development, coaching, and mentorship in just five years. Knowles nurtured my pride in the teaching profession, and empowered me to be a leader in areas that I care about.”
KD taught biology (including AP and IB) for eight years at Central High School in Philadelphia, and served as IB Diploma Coordinator for two years. KD was fortunate enough to be awarded a Knowles Science Teaching Fellowship in 2009 and achieved National Board Certification in secondary science teaching in 2013. KD is the co-author of two articles for the American Biology Teacher with Knowles Senior Fellows Kirstin Milks and Rebecca Van Tassell. KD Davenport now oversees science curriculum, professional development, and community partnerships in the School District of Philadelphia as a K-12 Science Curriculum Specialist.
- University of Pennsylvania (Master of Science in Secondary Education)
- Swarthmore College (Bachelor of Arts in Biology) | <urn:uuid:bbab7dbf-3aee-42f9-a260-24bc70966aa3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://start.kstf.org/bios/kd-davenport | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.946899 | 229 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Spruce Mtn. Team at 2018 NCF Envirothon competition at
Pocatello ID. Receiving 6th place overall.and 1st place in Aquatics.
ABOUT NCF ENVIROTHON
NCF-Envirothon is a 501(c)3 not-for-profit organization established to coordinate the delivery of an environmental education program for high school students throughout North America. NCF-Envirothon is headquartered in Washington, D.C.
The environmental education program consists of the annual NCF-Envirothon Competition in which winning teams from participating states and Canadian provinces compete for recognition and scholarships by demonstrating their knowledge of environmental science and natural resource management. The competition is centered on four universal testing categories (i.e., soils/land use, aquatic ecology, forestry, and wildlife) and a current environmental issue.
The Envirothon program is an effective educational tool, capable of supplementing environmental education both inside and outside the classroom. Led by a volunteer advisor, teams usually meet from late autumn until spring. Teams work collaboratively to develop their knowledge of ecology and natural resource management and to practice their environmental problem-solving skills in preparation for Envirothon competitions. THE 2020 NATIONAL COMPETITION WAS CANCELLED. THE 2021 COMPETITION WILL BE VIRTUAL.
To learn more about the competition, click on the link provided below:
The 2022 Current Issue topic has been selected: The 2022 international NCF-Envirothon competition will be hosted by Miami University in Oxford Ohio in late July. Students will be tested on, “Waste to Resources.” for their current issue presentation. | <urn:uuid:1ba4de25-d44b-4d01-b49c-ab90c4809454> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.maineenvirothon.org/ncf-envirothon | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.929486 | 355 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Species: Loggerhead (Caretta caretta)
Arrival Date: June 18, 2019
Stranding Location: Jensen Beach, FL
Initial Weight: 65.21 lbs.
Current Weight: 71.4 lbs.
Issue: Chronic Debilitation
Willis is a large juvenile loggerhead patient that was found at FPL's St. Lucie site with a heavy epibiota load (barnacles and saltwater leeches attached) on its carapace (upper shell), plastron (lower shell) and soft tissue. The turtle is slightly underweight, and bloodwork shows early signs of chronic debilitation (overall poor health due to starvation). Willis is also missing most of its right rear flipper due to an unknown trauma. We will continue to monitor bloodwork closely as we treat Willis.
Our sea turtle "Willis" is named in honor of Willis Carrier, the inventor of modern air conditioning. Carrier Corporation, headquartered in Palm Beach Gardens, is a leading global provider of innovative HVAC, refrigeration, fire, security and building automation technologies. The company is committed to supporting their neighbors in Palm Beach County and contributing to a more sustainable, protected environment. Thank you, Carrier Corporation, for your generous support to further LMC's mission.
This turtle is progressing well and responding to therapy as desired.
There is a minor issue that we are working to resolve.
More details to follow.
08/23/2019 - Willis will be released August. 28!
08/16/2019 -Willis has been cleared for release in the next two weeks.
08/09/2019 -Willis has been tagged and its white cell count is remaining normal. Turtle will be considered for release soon.
08/05/2019 -Willis has been taken off all medication. We are planning to tag the turtle in the near future.
07/26/2019 -Willis’s white cell count is remaining normal and will likely be taken off medication soon.
07/18/2019 -Willis’s white cell count is down to normal.
07/12/2019 -Willis’s white cell count went up slightly, so its treatment regimen has been changed.
07/04/2019 -Willis’s white cell count is normal
06/27/2019 -Willis is doing well and has a good appetite.
06/20/2019 - New patient | <urn:uuid:99742f38-999b-43eb-8583-705dadfbfc77> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://marinelife.org/turtles/willis/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.936517 | 521 | 1.570313 | 2 |
Consumers Credit Union is a nonprofit organization and cooperative known for savings and lending. They offer a lot of services and products such as checking accounts, savings accounts, certificates (CDs), auto loans, credit cards, home loans, IRAs, and business banking services. One of the notable good of the Consumers Credit Union is the APYs (annual percentage yields) for its rewards of checking account. This credit union is among the highest interest rates that are available for the reward checking accounts. They are rated among the highest rates available for checking accounts in the United States, although some strings are attached.
This credit union is made open to all customers from all over the nation. They charge very low and affordable fees for you to become a member, it’s as easy as that. Consumers Credit Union willingly gives four regular savings accounts such as special share, smart saver, special share, and holiday savings club.
Consumers Credit Union have long been serving their members and their communities throughout the good times, as well as in the time of challenges. The Consumer Credit Union was founded in the year 1951. This credit union was founded with just a single location, but presently they have over 20 locations, with over 86 thousand members, and about three hundred employees. For you to become a member there’s a need for you to join CCU and to also gain access to its various products and services. the credit union has a lot of assets and is ready to journey with you to achieve your financial goal. So, if you are in the U.S and you are in the market for a reliable and trustworthy credit union, search no more as the Consumer Credit Union is just the right one to join with only a little fee required. They offer attractive rewards with no fee charges on maintenance or minimum balance fees.
Consumers Credit Union Online Banking
The consumer’s online banking gives you an easier and more convenient way to bank from anywhere, at any time. Without going to any of their branches, you can conveniently do a lot with online banking. Even at that, they make the security of your account their priority, as they utilize the latest security practices to ensure a safe environment when you need to access your account and they also protect your sensitive account information. Some of the online services Consumers Credit Union offer a lot of products and services some of which are written below;
- Paying of bills
- You have access to all your account details
- You can review your balances
- You can also make transfers
- You can conveniently download your bank details
- You can also manage your account information.
To get more details on the Consumers Online banking quickly visit this link; https://www.myconsumers.org/tools/services/online-banking.
The Consumers Mobile Banking App
Have you heard about the new Consumers mobile app? Well, the mobile app gives you access to the bank with just the use of your phone. Below are some of the services that the Consumers mobile app offers;
- You can use your phone to make inquiries on your balance
- You get to view the account history
- You can also pay bills with ease
- You get to make the transfer of funds
- You can easily deposit checks by just taking a picture.
It is important to keep in mind that, you cannot access the mobile app unless you are enrolled in online banking. So, if you haven’t applied yet for online banking, hers your chance get started and start banking with ease. For more information on the Consumers Credit Union mobile app, kindly visit the following link; https://www.myconsumers.org/tools/services/online-banking/. | <urn:uuid:5506923a-4471-4510-ad2d-fe28fe787ffa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.makeoverarena.com/consumers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.96353 | 757 | 1.53125 | 2 |
SKYWARN is the NWS volunteer weather spotting program where public citizens send reports to weather meteorologists to help them make a precise prediction to protect life and property. The Acushnet EMA is sponsoring a SKYWARN Training session on Thursday, June 14th, 2007, 7:00pm at the Acushnet Community Center, 232 Middle Road, Acushnet, MA. This session is open to the public, free of charge and runs about three hours.
A video presentation will show cloud features associated with severe thunderstorms and tornadoes. It will also stresses what types of phenomena should be reported. Upon completion of the training, identification cards will be handed out along with a special phone number for reporting directly to the National Weather Service. | <urn:uuid:b4794e3f-9159-4523-b38c-307896a20b32> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://scmarg.org/skywarn-training-2007-06-14/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.928047 | 151 | 1.570313 | 2 |
Holly Kuchera/iStock/Getty Images
Nonstarchy vegetables are low in calories and carbohydrates, yet they provide a surprising quantity of nutrients and antioxidants. An analysis published in the December 2012 issue of "Food and Chemical Toxicology" noted that 20,000 cancer cases annually could be prevented by increasing vegetable (and fruit) intake. Reach for nonstarchy vegetables whether you monitor carbohydrate counts for diabetes management, follow a low-carbohydrate diet or are simply looking to add more nutritional punch to your plate.
Garlic, onion, leeks, chives and scallions are nonstarchy vegetables and members of the Allium family. These vegetables are commonly put to use in cooking for the strong flavors they impart to food; however, they also hold medicinal properties. According to a review published in 2004 in "Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention," the organosulfur compounds derived from Allium vegetables exhibit anti-cancer effects by inhibiting mutagenesis (events that lead to mutations), modulating enzymes, preventing DNA damage and scavenging free-radicals.
Cruciferous vegetables are nonstarchy and part of the Brassica family. They include arugula, bok choy, broccoli, brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, collard and mustard greens, horseradish, kale, radishes, rutabaga, turnips and watercress. In the April 2010 issue of "BMC Cancer," researchers from the Roswell Park Cancer Institute demonstrated cruciferous vegetable consumption was inversely associated with lung cancer risk among smokers, most prominently among former smokers. Further, a meta-analysis published in the November 2011 issue of "International Journal of Urology" reports cruciferous vegetable consumption was associated with a significantly reduced risk of prostate cancer.
Bruce Block/iStock/Getty Images
Varieties of lettuce include leaf (red or green), crisphead (iceberg varieties), butterhead (bibb or Boston) and cos (romaine). The spine and ribs of lettuces provide fiber, while vitamins C and A and potassium are within the delicate leaves. In a study published in "Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research" in 2011, researchers determined that total antioxidant capacity is higher in the outer leaves as opposed to middle and inner leaves in both red and green lettuces.
Nonstarchy nightshades – as part of the Solanaceae family – include tomatoes, all varieties of peppers (green, red, jalapeno, chili) and eggplant. Tomatoes are a rich source of the anti-inflammatory antioxidant lycopene. In a study published in the October 2012 issue of "Neurology," researchers identified a connection between elevated lycopene levels in the blood and stroke protection. Men with the highest concentration of lycopene in their blood had a 55 percent lower risk of having any type of stroke. Nightshades are unusual because substances they naturally produce to protect themselves from insects – called alkaloids -- can elicit a physiological reaction in humans. Many people are sensitive to the alkaloids in nightshades.
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- American Diabetes Association: Non-Starchy Vegetables
- Food and Chemical Toxicology: Estimation of Cancer Risks and Benefits Associated with a Potential Increased Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables
- BMC Cancer: Cruciferous Vegetable Intake Is Inversely Associated with Lung Cancer Risk Among Smokers: A Case-Control Study
- The International Journal of Urology: Cruciferous Vegetables Intake and Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
- Purdue University Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture: Lettuce and His Relatives
- University of Illinois Extension: Watch Your Garden Grow
- Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research: Effect of Leaf Position on the Distribution of Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Capacity Among Green and Red Lettuce Cultivars
- Harvard Health Publications: Lycopene-Rich Tomatoes Linked to Lower Stroke Risk
Sara Police has been writing nutrition and fitness-related articles since 2012. Her research has been published in scientific journals such as "Current Hypertension Reports," "Obesity" and the "American Journal of Physiology." She holds a PhD in nutritional sciences from the University of Kentucky and teaches online nutrition courses for Kaplan University.
Holly Kuchera/iStock/Getty Images | <urn:uuid:577490b5-484c-4053-9cca-6382a909969f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://oureverydaylife.com/381287-list-of-non-starchy-vegetables.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.902429 | 1,133 | 3.484375 | 3 |
|Good Morning Everyone,
Our theme for this month: “Celebrating Christmas”
Our Bible verse for today: “But where sin abounds, grace abounds much more …” Romans 5:20 (NKJV)
Our thought for today: “A little light chases away a lot of darkness.”
I love Christmas lights. I like to see them on the trees and I like to see them on the houses. And the more colors the better. The Christmas lights are symbols which remind us that Jesus is the light of the world. The lights shining as they do in the darkness reminds us that a little light chases away a whole lot of darkness.
In yesterday’s devotional we considered the grief that was present in the life and family heritage of Jesus. Because Jesus was personally familiar with grief He can relate to you as you deal with yours. But more important than the grief is the grace. There was lots of grace in the family line of Jesus too (more grace than grief). Two of the most notable examples being the story of how Boaz demonstrated such great grace by caring about and providing for Ruth and Naomi; and how Joseph showed such grace towards Mary, when it appeared as if Mary had been unfaithful to him and had become pregnant by someone else (she had not but Joseph didn’t know it at the time).
Of course the life of Jesus is the very definition of grace. Jesus was the conduit for the grace of God to flow to mankind. And as Paul teaches in Romans chapter five, a little grace covers over a whole lot of sin. “Where sin abounds, grace abounds much more …”
How does all of that apply to our theme of celebrating Christmas? As was noted yesterday, for many people Christmas is not a time of joy and celebration. Instead, for many reasons, it’s a time of loneliness and grief. Loneliness and grief and heartache and pain all exist because this is a sin-filled world that is broken and bleeding.
But a little grace overcomes a lot of grief. A little light chases away a lot of darkness. You have the power to bring joy and light into someone’s grief and darkness by means of blessing them with a little grace – a kind word; a thoughtful card; a small gift; an invitation to join you and your family in your celebrations; an invitation to church. By showing a little care, a little concern, a little grace you can help to overcome someone’s grief and darkness, or at least to minimize it for a little while.
A little light chases away a whole lot of darkness. I encourage you to show grace and to shine light as you celebrate Christmas this year. | <urn:uuid:184c66f5-2b9d-451f-9531-ee97cc22aafb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://oakhillbaptist.net/2018/12/06/devotional-for-thursday-december-6th/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.957216 | 579 | 1.867188 | 2 |
Barboursville is the original county seat of the Barbour family, whose patriarch, James Barbour, was the 18th Governor of Virginia, a U.S. Senator, Secretary of War, and Ambassador to England. The centerpiece of Barbour's more than 4000-acre estate was a Neo-Palladian house modeled after a design by Thomas Jefferson, whose home Monticello is twenty miles away in Albemarle County. Constructed between 1814 and 1822, the house was destroyed by fire in 1884.
Today measuring 900 acres of rolling Piedmont hills, the property has operated as a commercial vineyard since 1976, the first to successfully establish vines in Virginia. In addition to the vineyard, which is surrounded by undeveloped woodland and open fields, the property includes the 1804 Inn - twin Georgian villas built in that year, now operated as a private home and inn. The Inn's small formal garden, likely built in the 20th century, incorporates a circular planting bed surrounded by large boxwood and divided into quarters by pea gravel paths, with a brick pad and stone pedestal at its center. To the east are the main house ruins, which were preserved and stabilized in 1978. The former entrance to the house, framed by four classical columns, looks out onto fragments of a large oval racetrack, patches of woodland, farmland, and the distant Blue Ridge Mountains. The ruins and Inn are surrounded by 200-year-old boxwood hedges. Visitor and winemaking facilities were added in the late 20th century. The property was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1969. | <urn:uuid:b301a097-d3df-419a-97a6-7340d4dd020f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.tclf.org/landscapes/barboursville-vineyards | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.97929 | 336 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Woman dedicates 30 years to helping people with disabilities find jobs
Kathy Petkauskos inducted into National Disability Mentoring Hall of Fame
A woman who has dedicated more than 30 years to helping people with disabilities find jobs is the subject of NewsCenter 5's latest "5 For Good."
"She stood by me, she never let, she wouldn't let me go," says 31-year-old Megan Northup, of Marlborough.
She's talking about her mentor and boss, Kathy Petkauskos. Together they've been through a lot.
Northup explains "With Asperger's syndrome and mental health issues, she's never given up on me."
The two are a part of the Work Without Limits initiative of UMass Medical School, where they're dedicated to connecting employers and people with disabilities.
Northup first joined as an intern about four years ago. At the time, she had limited success in the workplace.
"I didn't have very good hopes of enjoying a job," Northup says. "I worked at McDonald's and that didn't go very well."
But Petkauskos saw something special in Northup. A timid temperament at first, but Northup excelled doing data entry and research.
"I call her an illumination of her former self because she really has blossomed," says Petkauskos ."She's just a pleasure to have as part of the team, but also produces high quality work."
Starting with that first internship, Northup went on to be hired part time, then full time, then last year she was promoted. She decided it was time to give Petkauskos something in return.
That gift was a nomination to the Susan M. Daniels Disability Mentoring Hall of Fame.
"When I saw it, I thought it must have been a mistake quite honestly," says Petkauskos. "I could not imagine, you know, a more meaningful way for it to come about than for it to come from Megan, we've had a very special relationship and its been a great journey and a learning experience for both of us."
Her induction into the hall of fame is just one of many motivations for Petkauskos, who says there's a long way to go to improve the employment landscape for people with disabilities, she hopes Massachusetts will ultimately lead the country when it comes to inclusion. | <urn:uuid:a9c13850-c3c9-409b-981d-41d41d770444> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wcvb.com/article/woman-dedicates-30-years-to-helping-people-with-disabilities-find-jobs-1/8247521?utm_campaign=wcvb&utm_medium=twitter&utm_source=dlvr.it | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.986112 | 489 | 1.5 | 2 |
There is often the question why not build solar powerplants out in the
desert ? Well, solar panels require surface area and they require
sunlight with both things being available in the desert. I suppose the
answer is that while alternating-current can be transmitted long
distances, the distances are probably held to about 200 miles.
But Los Angeles and surrounding metros are near to the desert and sure
enough there is a 354 MW solar powerplant in the Mojave Desert. Now
these large solar powerplants don't use solar panels to produce
electricity but use solar mirrors to heat water, make steam, turn
turbines, and then produce electricity.
But here's an idea or question:
Why not use solar mirror powerplants in the desert to make hydrogen
from pumped water and then send the hydrogen further distances in
pipelines than electricity could be transmitted on power lines ?
Well, I'll answer my own question and say that likely there is more
power to be had from the steam than from the hydrogen production.
But don't forget, there are solar powerplants in the desert.
12 years ago | <urn:uuid:9a6d669c-cf37-46d4-8fb7-ea6850ade9fd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.polytechforum.com/mech/solar-energy-and-hydrogen-13509-.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.924294 | 243 | 3.140625 | 3 |
Date & Time: Nov 19, 1966 at 1120 LT
Type of aircraft:
Curtiss C-46 Commando
Carolina Aircraft Corporation
Crew on board:
Pax on board:
Prior to takeoff from Keflavik Airport, the crew completed a taxi run at a too high speed of 50 knots to blow snow from the wings. Then the crew started the takeoff procedure but shortly after liftoff, the airplane rolled to the left. Full right rudder and aileron failed to stop the roll, so the power was cut off on the right engine. The aircraft touched down and ran off the left side of the runway. The right main gear ran into soft dirt and folded back. While both crew members were unhurt, the aircraft was written off.
Poor flight preparation on part of the flying crew who failed to remove snow and other contaminants prior to takeoff. | <urn:uuid:9af2d55e-c127-4497-bec6-3eb3dfde74be> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.baaa-acro.com/crash/crash-curtiss-c-46f-1-cu-commando-keflavik | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.912214 | 289 | 1.570313 | 2 |
The National Thanksgiving Turkey is presented to the President of the United States in a tradition with the National Turkey Federation dating back to 1947. This year's turkey was raised by Livingston, Calif.-based, family-owned poultry company Foster Farms. Yubert Envia, National Turkey Federation Chairman and Vice President of Turkey for Foster Farms, has the distinct honor of presenting the turkey to President Obama in his role as this year's Chairman.
This year's birds are Nicholas Strain turkeys, a breed which originated in California's Sonoma Valley and are – upon maturity –prized for their thick, white, smooth plumage and patriotic-appearing heads.
Please click the images to the right to download. Photographs were taken on Friday, November 19, at Foster Farms' official "send off" for the 2010 National Thanksgiving Turkey and his alternate at the historic ranch in Modesto, California where they have been raised since July. Included are shots of the selected birds at Foster Farms' Wellsford ranch and images of Foster Farms' VP of Turkey and 2010 NTF Chairman Yubert Envia and Turkey Manager/Grower, Ira Brister presenting the selected birds.
More information, background and photographs of these distinguished birds being raised by Foster Farms are available at the California Agriculture in the Classroom website (www.learnaboutag.org/turkeytour). | <urn:uuid:92b38a16-6028-4931-a85c-b27b39cc65ef> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://fosterfarmsandnewmansown.net/about/press/turkey_gallery.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.959018 | 276 | 1.976563 | 2 |
Understanding the Checks and Balances of Social Media
In a world where we are increasingly becoming more and more entrenched in virtual communication and online lifestyles, it’s important to remember that what we say is no longer just what we say; any intended, or unintended comments made, that are not fully explained or misunderstood, can be left open to interpretation, leaving us more vulnerable to false perceptions and legal consequences. Are we prepared to defend ourselves in the matrix of virtual reality? We reached out to Elias Fillas, Supervising Partner of Sacco & Fillas, LLP, to understand the legal implications of our social media activity.
1. GMA: Does social media have an impact on litigation?
EF: Yes; anything that is posted on social media can be used as out of court statements against you in the course of litigation or at trial. Any time a person involved in a lawsuit makes a statement online, it is potentially discoverable by the other parties to a case. The other parties can demand copies of the written statement(s) posted on social media and use the information obtained to their benefit. At trial, certain statements, especially those that amount to admissions, could be shown to the jury. This could result in the other parties obtaining a lawsuit-gaining an advantage that they can use against the person who posted the statement on social media. It is generally best not to post anything on social media about a lawsuit or the circumstances which lead to the lawsuit.
2. GMA: Does more access to information through social media, via the general public and their expressed opinions, creates an adverse “guilty before proven innocent” effect and influence litigation outcomes?
EF: Yes. In high-profile cases, there is always a concern that a potential juror may have already heard about the case before being called to serve on a jury. With the proliferation of social media, it has become more common for attorneys to issue statements to the media on behalf of clients to control the narrative. Also, changing times and national social movements have the power to influence verdicts. This has been especially true in cases of workplace sexual harassment and discrimination cases
3. GMA: Can social media make us more vulnerable to a public tribunal system, where public opinion is now an unofficial jury?
EF: From a legal perspective, if a high-profile matter comes before a court, the jury is given clear instructions by the judge as to how to review the evidence. I’m confident that good judges can still find a way to get this important message across.
4. GMA: How can we protect ourselves in a virtual public forum that is often riddled with shaming, finger pointing, false information, and hearsay?
EF: On an individual level, people who access virtual public forums should consider these forums, at the very least, just like in-person forums. If you wouldn’t say it in person, don’t say it online. This is especially true because once something is posted in writing, it can be copied and disseminated.
5. GMA: Do employers have a legal right to terminate you based on your social media activity and any freedom of expression, thought, and speech that you present on social media?
EF: During working hours, an employer has broad latitude to restrict employees’ use of social media. Outside of working hours, an employer has a more limited scope. For example, an employer can and should restrict employees from engaging in sexual harassment or other types of harassment or discriminatory conduct against co-workers based on a protected characteristic. However, an employer cannot prohibit employees from discussing their wages, benefits, working conditions or other terms and conditions of employment with one another or with third parties through social media accounts. Thus, if an at-will employee violates the employer’s social media policy, the employer can take disciplinary action, including termination, provided that the action taken is not considered discriminatory based on a protected class. For employees who are under contract or subject to a collective bargaining agreement, the protections, resulting action, and process is governed by these documents.
Now that we know our legal implications, we’ll certainly be thinking twice before our next post. | <urn:uuid:e810caf0-4d96-4b34-8304-9233a97ba40c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://givemeastoria.com/2021/10/11/social-media-activity/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.947914 | 857 | 2.234375 | 2 |
Marshall was officially organized by William B. Archer in 1835, eight years after the National Road entered the community. The city was named after John Marshall , chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court. Marshall was incorporated on May 14, 1873.
In 1863, Marshall was the scene of conflict in which local Copperheads , who opposed the Civil War , sought to protect soldiers who had deserted from the Union Army. In March, 1863, an army detail from Indiana arrested several deserters. A local judge,Charles H. Constable , freed the deserters and ordered the arrest of two Union sergeants on kidnapping charges. This resulted in the dispatch of 250 soldiers under the command of Col. Henry B. Carrington by special train from Indianapolis , who surrounded the courthouse, freed the sergeants and arrested judge Charles H. Constable. The judge was, however, absolved several months later after presenting a highly technical defense.
Marshall was home to the Handy Writers’ Colony , 1950-1964. The most famous writer associated with the Colony was the novelist James Jones , who built a home in Marshall and lived there ca. 1952-1957. | <urn:uuid:37a2561d-fe7b-4c83-94e0-6ec7de4ea5b4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://marshall-il.com/marshall-history/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.973163 | 243 | 2.671875 | 3 |
The summertime brings with it lots of great things, but flies are definitely not one of them. Here's how to keep them out of your home.
This might sound a little melodramatic, but flies are really affecting my happiness levels this summer. Everywhere I look there is a fly living in my home rent-free.
As soon as I get one out another one flies in and I am quite literally afraid of opening the compost food bin because I know for certain that several mini flies will storm out of it. It’s fruit-eating weather but my trusty fruit bowl is overrun by teeny tiny critters.
While we eat dinner as a family, we look like a family of ninja warriors constantly whooshing a fly away from our plate. Enough is enough. I can’t stand the buzzing, but the biggest fear is the risk of infection. Flies can carry all kinds of bacteria.
We’ve done some research and here are the best ways to keep flies out of your home this summer:
- Never leave food uncovered because this is exactly what flies enter your house in search of. Clean up after dinner immediately, cover any unused food in Tupperware containers and leave fruit in the fridge where possible.
- Remember that flies cannot differentiate between human and animal food. They will be drawn to your pet’s food in the very same way. When feeding your pet, consider offering the food little and often to avoid food being left in their container.
- Give your bin some TLC. Ensure that all bins have tightly closed lids and are washed and disinfected regularly. Store the bins in an area that is not exposed to sunlight as this can help to reduce the smells that attract flies.
- Regularly vacuum, dust and use disinfectant on countertops to remove fly eggs (shudder).
- Make a DIY fly trapper using a jar, some apple cider vinegar, an elastic band and some cling film. Fill the jar with the vinegar (they are attracted to this smell) and cover with the cling film. Make a couple of small holes in it so that the flies can enter but not exit.
- Essential oils work well as a natural repellent for flies. Peppermint and Lemongrass are particularly effective. Use a diffuser or a spray bottle to treat the areas that flies tend to congregate.
- Consider net curtains or fly screens so that windows and doors can be left open without the fear of flies entering the home.
- Many people fill a plastic bag with water and hang it from windows and doors to deter flies from entering the home. It is surprisingly effective. | <urn:uuid:b78fc4af-8599-43a1-aee8-6189f16a0996> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.familyfriendlyhq.ie/home-garden/flies-out-of-your-home-8217/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.952077 | 545 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Elder abuse either in the form of exploitation; neglect; physical, sexual or emotional harm or abandonment by trusted caregivers can happen to any elder including your own loved one.
Most believe one in ten seniors is affected but due to limited reporting of abuse, which is thought to be only one in five cases, no one is sure exactly how widespread the problem is.
Risk factors include dementia, substance abuse by both victims and caregivers and isolation. More women are affected than men at this time.
The fifth annual World Elder Abuse Awareness day is June 15, 2010.
Agencies across the nation will be scheduling events to make more people aware of signs to look for, ways to report suspected abuse and what to do to prevent abuse.
Movie theaters across the nation will show a trailer called the NCEA Elder Abuse Piece which highlights elder abuse.
According to the National Center for Elder Abuse (NCEA), abuse warning signs include:
- Physical Abuse ‐ Slap marks, unexplained bruises, most pressure marks, and certain types of burns or blisters, such as cigarette burns
- Neglect ‐ Pressure ulcers, filth, lack of medical care, malnutrition or dehydration
- Emotional Abuse ‐ Withdrawal from normal activities, unexplained changes in alertness, or other unusual behavioral changes
- Sexual Abuse ‐ Bruises around the breasts or genital area and unexplained sexually transmitted diseases
- Financial Abuse/Exploitation ‐ Sudden change in finances and accounts, altered wills and trusts, unusual bank withdrawals, checks written as “loans” or “gifts,” and loss of property
For more information, visit www.ncea.aoa.gov
Have you seen abuse? Do you suspect someone you know has been abused?
Take action now and learn more. | <urn:uuid:38f5fdde-01ca-4421-8786-5a4268c16cf1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://seniorcarecorner.com/fight-elder-abuse | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.932596 | 373 | 3.046875 | 3 |
Did Hitler Use Chemical Weapons?
A Quick History of Chemical Warfare as it Relates to WW2
Chemical weapons of sorts have been used for thousands of years, but their usage peaked in the trenches of WW1 where weapons like Mustard Gas were used. After WW1 the usage of chemical weapons became seen as a war crime under the Geneva Protocol.
Meanwhile, although the NAZIs had deadly and advanced chemical weapons, they mostly refrained from using them in WW2 (if there was use on the battlefield, it wasn’t widely reported, learn about a few examples of instances of their usage here and here).
Instead, the NAZIs mostly used basic chemicals like carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide (including Zyklon B), and the exhaust of gasoline in their WW2 gas chambers (as part of their genocidal and ideological Holocaust, which included the racially motivated mass murder of 1.5 million children).
Add this to the fact that some of the forced labor in NAZI Germany revolved around the production of chemical weapons, the fact that they experimented on concentration camp victims to test the effects of the nerve gases like tabun, and the fact that there are a few stories out there of their usage, and we can say, “the NAZIs did use chemical weapons, but the facts surrounding the conversation are complex.”
Nerve Agent History WWII. Learn about the history chemical weapons from the U.S. Army.
The Geneva Protocol and German Chemical Technology
Chemical weapons (like poisonous gasses) were banned by the 1925 Geneva Protocol due to the horrors of the chemical warfare of WW1.
Germany ratified the protocol in 1929, yet later they became some of the first to develop modern forms of chemical weapons. Tabun was accidentally discovered by the Germans in 1936, and sarin was invented by the Germans in 1939.
That means that Germans had advanced chemical weapons going into WW2, while the allies didn’t (they still had the versions used in WW1 like Mustard Gas, but not the newer technology the NAZIs had).
Signers of the Geneva Protocol agreed not to be the first to use chemical weapons in war, but reserved the right to use them if the enemy did first.
WWII Chemical Warfare. Here is a first hand account confirming that the situation was “if they use it on us, we can use it on them.” This is different than WW1 where mustard gas was used liberally.
Why Didn’t Hitler Use Chemical Weapons on the Battlefield?
As it turned out, Hitler essentially didn’t use chemical weapons on the battlefield, despite some pressure to do so. However, one should note it wasn’t just a virtuous decision, it was also a fear-based one and a tactical one.
Although we don’t fully know everything that happened, according to my research:
Hitler was a WW1 Solider in the trenches. As such he would have saw the horrors of chemical warfare first hand (a story goes that he was blinded by mustard gas for example).
Hitler thought the allies had vast stockpiles of chemical weapons (they did, but not to the extent they led him to think), and it is likely that his decision not to use them was in this respect, some mix of ethics and fear.
After-all, the story goes that he destroyed his own stockpiles after the allies began closing in, fearing the retaliation provision of the Geneva Protocol (which would have meant that if local commanders used chemicals it could justify the Allies using them).
Other reasons include general tactical reasons, such as problems related to killing one’s own troops and animals used for transport (like horses).
Plus, although Hitler was at war with most of the world, even in those situations (especially in those situations) there is a certain expectation to follow the rules of war. The Allies and Axis were both holding on to chemical weapons with a itchy trigger finger, this sort of cold war existed underneath the actual World War (see the video above, the person who was there essentially confirms this fear hanging over the war).
What Chemical Weapons Did Hitler Use?
That isn’t exactly “Mustard gas” or “Sarin,” but it is literally the use of chemical weapons.
NOTE: NAZIs weren’t the only ones to gas their own people, or other people. The main deal with the NAZIs is that they were aggressively genocidal and exclusive, so they took forced negative eugenics to a whole level, using chemical weapons in their prison camp gas chambers and “gas vans.” WWII is complicated, but for the purposes of this factoid, we have to conceded that gas is a chemical and gas was used during WWII by Germans (mostly on their own citizens; as a German Jew, homosexual, or Communist is still a German).
TIP: It wasn’t just Jews who were killed and it wasn’t just gas chambers that were used. Jews, Communists, the disabled, Allies, homosexuals, liberals, republicans, democrats, and non-National-Socialist were all killed and jailed by the NAZIs as part of their master plan for world domination and the dismantling of the global liberal establishment. They really hated liberals, jews, capitalists, and Communists.
NOTE: As Wikipedia correctly states, “the genocide of the Jewish people of Europe was the Third Reich‘s “Final Solution to the Jewish question, now collectively known as the Holocaust.” If you get those terms and the conversation behind them, then you “get” fascism in WW2. If you get fascism in WW2, then you get why saying “Hitler didn’t use chemical weapons” is at best “in bad taste” and at worst “neofascist propaganda that is most certainly originating from somewhere other than the source saying it very loudly.” Here i’ll note one should also really take the time to understand Communism and the inequality of liberal state for a full picture, but each heavy subject deserves its own page. See Communism vs. Fascism for more, Hitler was obviously a fascist (not a socialist liberal democrat or whatever the alt-facts are saying these days… that is concept is neofascist propaganda).
the holocaust Auschwitz documentary 2015.
Why Do We Care?
We care for a few reasons:
- If we forget the horrors of World War, with the battle between nationalists and internationalists, and the tension between liberalism and the new “evolutions of socialism,” we risk being doomed to repeat or lessons. In words, if we forget the dangers of extreme inequality, extremist Communism (like Stalin or Mao), or extremist Fascism (either Hitler’s National Socialist Fascism, Mussolini’s Republican Fascism, or another type), then we will forget what we still have a Duty to defend today.
- This story reminds us that even the worst of tyrants are subject to some degree of fear and ethics.
- It also reminds us to choose our words carefully (as the spreading of this myth is an advent of misleading claims made by the media and White House Press Secretary Sean Spicer).
Secrets Of War, Weapons Of War 05 Chemical & Biological Weapons. Learn about the history chemical warfare. | <urn:uuid:8dabcd06-700d-4786-aaf0-980d9f042aa0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://factmyth.com/factoids/hitler-never-used-chemical-weapons/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.964266 | 1,535 | 3.015625 | 3 |
Predator and Prey
In this project, you will:
• Explore the different strategies animals use to catch their prey or to escape from their predators.
• Create and program a predator or prey in order to explore the relationship between them.
• Present and document your animal model, explaining the relationship between two species and how they have adapted to survive. | <urn:uuid:80a458cd-da51-40b4-b87e-af8a100eab9f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://education.lego.com/tr-tr/lessons/wedo-2-science/predator-and-prey/student-worksheet | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.929414 | 77 | 3.15625 | 3 |
Search results for: Blake Allan
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This article explores the work of teacher education in England and Scotland. It seeks to locate this work within conflicting sociocultural views of professional practice and academic work. Drawing on an activity theory framework that integrates the analysis of these seemingly contradictory discourses with a study of teacher educators’ practical activities, including the material artefacts that mediate the work, the article offers a critical perspective on the social organisation of university-based teacher education.
Updated: May. 04, 2016
The main purpose of this article was to understand the activities, social organisation and material conditions of higher education- based teacher educators. The article also explored the teacher educators’ own accounts of their work. This study shows how, under conditions of academic capitalism, these teacher educators were denied opportunities to accumulate research publications and grants and were proletarianised.
Updated: Mar. 03, 2015
Teachers have long participated in collaborative research. However, they have generally had direct stakes in the outcomes. Teachers in the Early Professional Learning (EPL) Project used their insider status to gather data not directly related to their own practice. Lessons for integrating a group of teacher–researchers into a major project are discussed.
Updated: Dec. 16, 2009 | <urn:uuid:7205ee72-bdf1-4be8-b02b-724a0d3e82ee> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://education.eng.macam.ac.il/authors/870 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.954864 | 274 | 1.90625 | 2 |
|Publisher||Marvel Comics (Ultimate Marvel imprint)|
|First appearance||Ultimates #4|
|Created by||Mark Millar|
Based on the Marvel Universe Thor, adapted by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby
|Alter ego||Thor Odinson|
|Place of origin||Ultimate Marvel (Earth-1610)|
|Notable aliases||Thorlief Golmen|
|Abilities||Skilled hand to hand combatant|
Immense superhuman strength, stamina and durability
Axe hammer grants:
Large scale weather manipulation
Ability to control lightning
In the Ultimate Marvel universe, Thor (Thorlief Golmen) is a fictional superhero based on the Marvel Universe version of Thor. Thor was the Asgardian God of Thunder based on the deity of the same name of Norse mythology and a founding member of the Ultimates.
Thor was adapted from Stan Lee and Jack Kirby's comic book version of Thor by Mark Millar and Bryan Hitch, first appearing in The Ultimates. "Ultimate Thor" is the alter-ego of Thorlief Golmen, an anarchist who discovered he is the reincarnated form of the Norse warrior Thor. The "Ultimate" redesign of the character reduces the number of Thor's powers, and reduces the character's reliance upon his hammer, Mjolnir, as a source of power. Perhaps most significantly, the Thunder God's long-established personality is drastically altered, changing him from an eager and willing divine combatant into an ecocentric, arguably unstable, and somewhat reluctant warrior.
Ultimate Thor was once a psychiatric nurse called Thorlief Golmen until suffering a nervous breakdown before his 30th birthday. During the 18 months he spent institutionalized, he claims to have realized who he is and why he has been sent to Earth. He claimed to be Thor, Norse god of thunder, on a mission to save the planet and to stop the "war to end all wars." Thor himself claims to have known who he was since he was twelve years old, and that his nervous breakdown only brought him further clarity. His political and social activism, as well as his own self-help books, attracted rebellious hippies and conspiracy theorists. He spoke against America's military aggression towards other world powers and the military-industrial complex.
His background is made less clear due to his brother Loki's reality manipulations, and later stories try to reconcile this history with the existence of Asgard.
In The Ultimates, when General Nick Fury contacted Thor about joining the Ultimates, Thor refused to work for the military-industrial complex that he detests. When the Hulk appeared in Manhattan, Thor refused to assist unless the President doubled the foreign aid budget. Not long after the Ultimates confronted the Hulk, the President relented and Thor appeared in time to save Captain America from Hulk. Following the battle, Thor became good friends with Tony Stark and Steve Rogers, pledging his support whenever lives are in danger. Over dinner, he explained his origins to Stark and Rogers and insisted that he is the real Thor. Soon thereafter, Thor was briefed on the Chitauri and sent to investigate a suspected Chitauri base in Micronesia. They were saved by Iron Man's force field after they discovered the base abandoned and ready to explode. Once a Chitauri fleet appeared in Arizona, Thor brought the survivors there. He and Iron Man then provided air support against the Chitauri spacecraft until the Air Force arrived. After Iron Man asked Thor to help him dispose of the Chitauri bomb that would obliterate the entire solar system, Thor teleported it to the wastes of Náströnd, a deserted world in the Asgardian cosmos where its detonation caused only a small ripple in our space-time.
In Ultimate War, Thor appears as a member of the Ultimates, retrieving the dead with Iron Man after the attack in issue one. When Magneto attacks the Ultimates, he says he is surprised to see Thor with the Ultimates, and asks him if he thinks he can change them. Thor throws Mjolnir at the Master of Magnetism, but Magneto manages to stop it an inch from his helmet and throws it back at Thor, sending him through a wall. Thor joins the Ultimates in attacking the X-Men later on; he fights Storm but is defeated by Colossus.
In Ultimate Six, Thor appears with the Ultimates while bringing in Kraven the Hunter, although he refuses Captain America's requests to catch Kraven or bring him back when they arrive to bring him in for illegally tampering with his DNA. He is seen aiding in reconstruction efforts in Bosnia when summoned following the Six's breakout. Thor defeats Electro and Kraven the Hunter during the climactic battle at the White House.
In Ultimate Secret, Thor and Iron Man escort the Fantastic Four to Nevada. When the Kree attack the base, Thor, Black Widow, Johnny Storm, and Thing fight off the aliens. As he is idolized by Johnny Storm and Ben Grimm, he fraternizes with them and orders Carol Danvers to prepare a keg of beer for after the battle.
Thor has appeared or been mentioned in several storylines of the Ultimate Fantastic Four. Reed Richards at one point created infant hard light versions of the Ultimates and thought Thor to be the most powerful superhuman on the planet. This was proved wrong when Namor appeared to be physically stronger. In another storyline, an interdimensional parasite that sought out the most powerful being on the planet bypassed a present Thor and possessed Doctor Doom. This is attributed to a combination of Doom's physical states and knowledge of Atlantean magic.
Thor appeared as a minor character in an alternate timeline as the President of the United States due to time travel involving Skrull invaders. In it his powers were described as “natural.” This alternate version was killed during the Skrull invasion and ceased to exist when the timeline was erased.
Thor appeared in a later storyline involving Thanos. He stated he had fought Thanos in the past and tried to fight him again along with the rest of the Ultimates. He was quickly defeated due to Thanos possessing the Cosmic Cube and turned into a tree. This was undone when Thanos was defeated by the Fantastic Four.
In Ultimates 2, Thor has resigned from the Ultimates due to his belief that the team has become a tool for American foreign policy. In a restaurant, he meets fellow Asgardian Volstagg, also reincarnated as a human being, who warns him his half-brother Gunnar Golmen/Loki has escaped and is shifting reality on Earth to strike at Thor. Volstagg is then erased from reality making it look like Thor is delusional. After Bruce Banner's identity of the Hulk is leaked to the public, Captain America accuses Thor of the leak, but Thor denies the charge. He tries to warn Captain America of Loki's influence, but his warnings are rejected as are his claims to be Thor. An anti-super-soldier demonstration in Italy turns violent due to Loki's interference. When Thor intervenes on behalf of the protesters, the incident is used as an excuse for the Ultimates to team with the European Defence Initiative's super-soldiers to arrest him. The EDI's head scientist Gunnar Golmen reveals that Thor's powers are technological in nature, coming from his belt and hammer. Gunnar explains that Thor is really his own mentally-troubled brother who stole the equipment and has been being acting as Thor ever since. Gunnar claims the equipment gives Thor physical strength and powers beyond anyone else on the planet, and that he is too dangerous to take on alone. Thor is tracked to Norway. After he fails to convince the Ultimates that Gunnar is really a masquerading Loki manipulating reality, a battle ensues. Despite initially holding his own, Thor is eventually overwhelmed and has to call upon a storm. At the last moment, Quicksilver is able to remove his belt stripping Thor of his powers and his ability to use Mjolnir. Thor is then locked up in the Triskelion all the time being mocked by Loki, who is invisible to all but him and attempts to convince him that he is insane. Thor is imprisoned in the Triskelion until the last issue of the series, where his attempts to warn the Ultimates about the coming dangers are ignored. Following the Liberators' conquest of America, Thor is freed by Odin (helped by Scarlet Witch using her mutant hex power to effect the probability of Thor regaining his power) and restored to full power in time to battle a revealed Loki. At first Loki has the upper hand by using his powers over reality to become immune to Thor's hammer and overpowering the thunder god while summoning an army of Asgardian monsters to kill the Ultimates. After an army of Asgardian warriors arrive to fight the monsters, Loki's powers stop working for unknown reasons. During the battle, Loki reveals he is responsible for creating the idea of a Norwegian super-soldier program and framing Captain America. Thor is able to destroy Loki's mortal form and send his spirit back to Odin for punishment. Now vindicated in his claims of godhood, Thor learns that the Ultimates will no longer be working for the government and rejoins the team.
In Ultimate Power, Thor appears alongside the rest of the new Ultimates alongside Nick Fury arriving to battle the Squadron Supreme when they destroy the roof of the Baxter Building. After the battle Thor used his hammer to teleport the Helicarrier with the team to the Supremeverse. There he engages Hyperion in combat, but is defeated by the former's superior speed.
In Ultimate Power #7, Thor gains the upper hand against Hyperion, felling him with a huge bolt of lightning then severely beating him with Mjolnir. He also knocks back Zarda as she attempts to stop him from beating Hyperion.
In Ultimates 3, Thor undergoes many changes making him closer to his mainstream counterpart. He is redesigned with a beard and a bulkier build. He becomes much more eager for battle and more vengeful. His ax/hammer is replaced with one closer to the mainstream version of Mjolnir in look. He has formed a romantic relationship with Valkyrie, who has mysteriously gained superhuman powers. He starts speaking in a Shakespearean pattern, claiming it is the way he truly speaks and with his godhood no longer in doubt feels he no longer has to hide it. During the course of the story he reveals he has a collection of weapons which were a gift from Odin forged by Ulik. The ax/hammer weapon is among them. During the course of the story Thor aids the team when the Brotherhood of Mutants attacks their mansion. He later travels to the Savage Land with the Ultimates to confront Magneto. He once again battles Magneto, but is quickly defeated and buried near the center of the Earth. After the true mastermind behind the events is revealed, Thor attempts to confront Magneto again, but Magneto uses his powers to take Thor's hammer from him and then leaves. Following this, Thor begins using a sword. Donald Blake also appeared in the first issue of the series as the doctor who attempted to revive the Scarlet Witch after she was shot. Blake was never seen again in the series. However he later would appear in Ultimate Thor where he is revealed to be Balder, Thor and Loki's brother and Odin's eyes and ears, revived in human form after being murdered by Loki.
As mentioned, Magneto uses Thor's hammer to create worldwide destruction after what happened to Scarlet Witch and Quicksilver. During these events, upon finding Valkyrie's lifeless body following a tidal wave, Thor enters Valhalla to reclaim her soul. He is then confronted by Hela, who forces Thor to battle Hela's army of fallen warriors to reach Valkyrie. Captain America suddenly appears in Valhalla, implying that he has died. In Valhalla, Thor sacrifices himself to save Valkyrie and Captain America from Hela, and this allows them to go back to life.
In New Ultimates #1 he is shown still imprisoned, demanding Hela returns him to Earth and to Valkyrie. She tells him she will give him whatever his heart desires in exchange for a son. The next issue has a vision shown to Valkyrie by Amora where he is having sex with Hela as he had no other choice. Later, Hela tells him that another soul is still needed for him to leave, Thor says it will be hers but finds himself unable to kill her because she is already pregnant. At the end of the issue, he is resurrected at the price of the death of Valkyrie. Thor then goes into a rage searching for his brother and attacking the Ultimates in the process until he finally finds him and gets his hammer back with the Ultimates watching as he is still extremely angry.
Thor remains in the Ultimates when they were employed by Carol Danvers and battles Nick Fury's black-ops team codenamed the Avengers. At this point, Thor is back in a relationship with Jane Foster and shared an apartment with her and began to talk like a "normal person" again when Tony Stark promised to donate money to charity if Thor gave up his Asgardian "faux-Shakespearean" speech-pattern. In the final battle during the revolution in North Korea organised by Gregory Stark, Thor and the Ultimates battle Gregory, whose superpowered suit made him too powerful to defeat until Iron Man disabled it with an electromagnetic pulse, giving Thor the opportunity to kill Gregory on the spot with a lightning bolt.
Thor's return and rejoining into the Ultimates was confirmed in the pages of Ultimate Comics: Spider-Man, where he is seen as one of the Ultimates. Director Danvers asks his advice, and one of the Ultimates who will teach Spider-Man to be a hero.
During the "Ultimate Fallout" storyline, Thor is later shown attending Peter Parker's funeral, where he reflects that he has also seen Peter dining in Valhalla with the deceased X-Men and Ultimates members.
Ultimate Comics: Thor reveals Thor's personal history from Asgard and prior to the events of The Ultimates. Eons ago, Thor resided in Asgard along with his brothers Balder and Loki, and under the rule of King Odin. Odin foresees that Asgard will soon fall and chooses Thor to champion the ways of Asgard after that event. The hammer Mjolnir is crafted to contain the power of Asgard, and Thor is the only one who is able to wield the weapon. After murdering Balder and stealing the sacred Norn Stones, Loki relocates to Earth. There, he aligns himself with the Nazis in World War II in the guise of Baron Zemo. Loki uses the stones to return to Asgard, armed with an army of Frost Giants and Nazi soldiers. In the ensuing battle, Odin transports Loki to the Room with No Doors, but is subsequently killed by a Frost Giant named Mammoth. While Asgard de-materializes, Thor delivers one last powerful blow against the invaders. In modern-day Earth, Thor is shown to be the subject of the European Super Soldier program. His powers are shown to be a function of the program, designed by the E.S.S. to imitate Norse iconography with Thor as the super-soldier symbol of Norway, but the project meets an unexpected stumbling block when Thor's claims of being the human incarnation of a Norse God leads the scientists in charge of the program to believe that he is insane. Psychiatrist Dr. Donald Blake is later revealed to be the reborn Balder and tells the scientists that his examination suggests that Thor is who he says he is. Balder tells Thor that, despite Ragnarok destroying Asgard, the Gods live on in the hearts of mortals and are yet to be reawakened. This, in addition to the financial costs that went into the super soldier program, convinces the scientists to complete the work that turns Thor into a super soldier. He is given a suit designed to heighten his strength significantly, leaving him practically unbeatable, along with being equipped with a weather-manipulation device which allows him to control weather and teleport across space. When the scientist face difficulty in handling the size of the machine, Thor tells them to make it the head of his new ax-hammer. Once allowed into the open, Thor works on a number of humanitarian projects, and rejects offers from General Nick Fury to join the Ultimates. Meanwhile, Loki escapes from the Room with No Doors and returns to Earth. Balder convinces Thor to take up his responsibility as a hero as Thor joins the Ultimates in subduing the Hulk. Despite his pacifist ideals, Thor promises to "bring the Thunder" against "men who make war."
Reed Richards returned to Earth and founded an organization called Children of Tomorrow, a group of evolved humans with the aim of dominating the world, building their base called the Dome. The Dome's interior ages at an accelerated rate compared to the outside world. Over 900 years have passed inside the Dome, so their inhabitants evolved themselves to perfect super-humans. The EUSS attacked the Dome with Captain Britain, Captain Spain, and Captain France along with Thor. The heroes were subdued by the enemies and some of them were killed, draining their powers. After examining Thor, Richards, now called the Maker, sent the Children for the source of power of Thor, leading them to Asgard. After killing every Asgardian God, the Children drained the power of Yggdrasil, leaving Thor powerless. After Iron Man rescued Thor, he provided Odinson with an upgraded version of his Super-Soldier armor, with which Thor teleported to the Dome in search of vengeance. There, he rescued Captain Britain, but was defeated by the Children, and the Maker showed himself as Reed Richards, with the condition of deliver that message. Also, a new ability emerged to Thor, being the last Asgardian alive, he apparently "became" Valhalla, being able to see the ghost of the dead Asgardians, such as Odin, Loki, and others, who apparently also acts as his awareness, helping him. Following these events, Thor moved into Stark Tower with Jane Foster.
Thor was present with Stark when the Ultimates were labelled as outlaws accompanied him when Stark detailed his plans of how to defeat Reed Richards to the new President of the United States. He easily defeated the Hulk, who was brainwashed by the Maker and injected with a Giant-Man serum. Thor later battles his son, Modi, who has tried to conquer the United States with the help of Hydra. Thor is forced to kill Modi, and is left to mourn his son, as well as rue his own failures as a father.
When Reed Richards and his Dark Ultimates destroy the Triskelion, Thor leaves to drown his sorrows at a small bar in Arizona. Bruce Banner tracks Thor down and transforms into the Hulk, leading to a rematch between the two. Thor is defeated and imprisoned, but is later freed alongside the rest of his teammates. Iron Man also creates a new hammer and suit of armor for Thor by using Reed's future technology.
When the Earth-616 version of Galactus attacks the Ultimate Earth, Thor is among those to challenge the entity. During the final battle, Thor sacrifices himself in order to drive Galactus into the Negative Zone, trapping them both.
After the destruction of both the Earth-616 and Ultimate universes as seen during the "Secret Wars" storyline, Thor is among those rescued by God Emperor Doom and transported to Battleworld. Now known as Thunderer Thorlief (nicknamed "Ultimate Thor") of the Thor Corps, he became a top member of the Thor Corps working under Lawspeaker Thor where he had arrested different Hulks and solved murders related to Mangog. Thorlief begins investigating the murderers of various men and women who all turn out to be alternate universe versions of Donald Blake and Jane Foster. Thorlief discovers that the murders were committed by Rune Thor, who had been tasked by God Emperor Doom with eliminating the various versions of Donald and Jane in order to keep the Thor Corps from remembering that the Multiverse once existed before Battleworld. Thorlief and the other members of the Thor Corps storm Doom's castle where they are all killed. After his death, Thorlief's hammer is shown to have landed on the Earth-616 version of Asgard.
Sometime later in the pages of "The Unworthy Thor", the hammer is shown to be on a mysterious space ship, in front of an imprisoned Thor Odinson. This is later revealed to be the ship of the Collector who wants to possess the hammer for himself, and has obtained the ruins of Asgard to this end. Currently, the Collector is being challenged for possession of this hammer by Thanos' Black Order, as well as a team-up of Odinson, Toothgnasher (one of his magical goats), "Thori" (a Hellhound previously owned by Loki), and Beta Ray Bill. Although able to channel its power when in proximity, Odinson chooses not to claim the hammer, but he and Bill use the power of the hammer to return Asgard to its rightful place while decimating the Collector's forces. This hammer is subsequently claimed by Volstagg, after he witnesses the brutal demise of several children in a conflict with Cindr's forces. This transforms Volstagg into the War Thor. Later, the hammer gets destroyed in a battle with the Mangog. This hammer is also seen in one alternate future wielded by synthezoid Victor Mancha.
When Earth-1610 was restored, Thor was among the Ultimates that aided Spider-Man against Green Goblin. This was witnessed when Earth-616's Miles Morales visited Earth-1610.
Thor possesses immense superhuman strength, stamina, and durability. At the beginning of the series, his physical powers were entirely dependent on his belt because he had no access to his divine powers. After being restored by Odin, however, it is unclear if the belt boosts his powers or, in fact, serves any purpose at all.
Thor possesses the ability to control the weather on a large scale. He is capable of summoning thunderstorms and controlling massive amounts of lightning. He can teleport across space and between dimensions. It is unknown to what extent he relies on his weapons for these abilities. It is also unknown if Thor can control other types of weather. Both variations of his hammer are capable of these powers.
Thor possesses some skill at combat. He is depicted with an armory of weapons ranging from different types of hammers to swords and daggers. However, the ax/hammer hybrid primarily wielded by the character is considered to be the "Ultimate" version of Mjolnir, as revealed in Ultimate Power #9. But, in the Ultimate Thor miniseries it is revealed that the hammer resembling the Earth-616 version was his weapon when he was a god, and was lost during Ragnarok. When he is reincarnated as Thorleif Golmen, he is given tech-based armour and a portable power supply that gives him his superhuman powers, which is turned into the recognisable axe-hammer from The Ultimates.
Starting in The Ultimates 3, Thor no longer wears the belt or uses the axe-hammer, and instead uses the "true" Mjolnir. When the Children of Tomorrow drain the Odinforce and exterminate the Asgardian race, Thor is stripped of his godly powers and gives his square hammer to his son Modi before pushing him into the World Tree. From then, he uses the belt and axe-hammer he wielded before, now more powerful due to advancements made by Tony Stark.
Even after Thor's 'death' after the Incursions, his hammer survived the destruction of the multiverse and landed on Asgard. When the currently-unworthy Odinson of Earth-616 came in close proximity of it, he experienced brief flashes of Ultimate Thor's life, even sensing that the hammer was in some way searching for its true master, and was able to channel the hammer's control of the lightning despite not being its master or worthy of his own hammer at this point. | <urn:uuid:94d2bdda-0bee-4afc-b128-1b1bff481cfc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://db0nus869y26v.cloudfront.net/en/Thor_(Ultimate_Marvel_character) | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.971682 | 5,043 | 1.507813 | 2 |
The California letter writer criticizing Michigan for its high tax rate and unionized workforce is a bit off the mark ("Michigan Bleeds Jobs," Letters, Dec. 1).
According to the Tax Foundation's Business Tax Climate Index, California ranks 48th, one of the 10 worst states, while Michigan ranks 17th. The highest individual income tax rate in California, for taxable income over $47,000, is 9.3% (not counting the millionaire surcharge). The highest Michigan individual income-tax rate is 4.35%. The sales-tax rate in California is 7.25% and in Michigan it's 6%. The full gas tax rate in California is 63.9 cents per gallon; Michigan's is 54.4 cents per gallon. Although hard to compare, the average nominal property-tax rate in Michigan may be higher than that in California, but the actual tax liability is likely lower because of the much higher property values in California.
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How Knowsley schools and families can take part in the REAL Programme - the nationally recognised early literacy programme which has been evidenced to impact positively on literacy development with nursery age children.
Childhood Unit NCB • Dr Cathy Hamer, NCB Associate • Laura Gregory, Early Education Lead Knowsley Children’s Centres Agenda • Background • The original Sheffield REAL Project and outcomes • Raising Early Achievement in Literacy – Dr Cathy Hamer • Project overview • The Knowsley perspective • Opportunity for discussion in groups • Questions • Next steps
disadvantaged 5 year olds are not meeting expected literacy standards. • Less-advantaged children fall behind peers in the early years and that gap widens throughout school. • There is significant variance across England. Many children at age 5 in the North are far behind those in the South. The strength of the Home Learning Environment is a significant factor in children’s attainment. Disadvantaged children are less likely to experience a home environment that supports early language and literacy development HOWEVER: The quality of the HLE has been shown to be equally as important as socioeconomic factors.
partnered with the Department for Education to test projects that support parents to help improve their child’s early language and literacy skills at home. • £5 Million will be spent in disadvantaged areas in the North of England testing projects that have shown considerable evidence of promise. • This funding is a key part of the DfE’s plan to close the ‘word gap’, set out in ‘Unlocking Talent, Fulfilling Potential’ (social mobility paper), and part of the DfE’s commitment in the ‘Northern Powerhouse’ strategy. In 2018 NCB undertook a rigorous application process, and were successful in winning funding to evaluate ‘The REAL Programme’: Raising Early Achievement in Literacy.
families’ teaching of emergent literacy: How families can be supported to enhance their young children’s early literacy development Professor Cathy Nutbrown: ‘literacy learning need not be a matter of following a formal and narrow literacy curriculum from an early age. A broader view of literacy learning in everyday contexts can be taken and parents are key as teachers of aspects of early literacy using experiences in their own home’ A key challenge for early literacy education is to find ways to facilitate access to school literacy for children from disadvantaged families whilst also valuing their preschool family literacy experiences and their families’ informal teaching of emergent literacy.
childhood educators and 176 families in an RCT (randomised controlled trial) which showed benefits for children most likely to be disadvantaged by under achievement in later schooling. • There were literacy gains for children in the programme. Children further disadvantaged in terms of their mothers’ lower levels of education had greater, and longer lasting, gains. • The rigour of the study design and execution means that, although further research is desirable, findings reported here can be acted upon with confidence by early childhood educators to enhance practice and by educational policymakers to create the conditions for them to do so.
out stories together with props, simple puppets or story sacks – in more than one language to suit the child. Singing, recording and playing back songs and rhymes together, making a collection of puppets and rhyme cards to repeat and learn at home and making coloured play dough, following a recipe together, making letters and words of significance to the child
learned many things I didn’t know I could do with my daughter at home I like very much the good ideas for exercises to do at home. I would like to carry on because it helps a lot and gives us good, and new ideas for children to show more interest in activities and flourish I can’t believe how well she is doing. I’m going to do loads more with her at home. What do parents like?
The different ways of reading a book make it more fun and interesting. He loves making marks in the sand on the beach She plays letter/word detective with a magnifying glass seeking print in around the house Books Writing Environmental print Oral language What do parents think?
first thing he does when he gets home [get out his book]… I just thought he was not that interested in books Suddenly he’s drawing and loves it! She recognises signs and colours... she says "Daddy" and "yellow yellow" All the family are now singing when we go out in the car Comments from parents recognising their children’s development
assessment Improved working relationships with families, particularly those ‘hard to reach’ Home visits introduced and welcomed Events – a way to involve families in children’s learning Influencing the Home Learning Environment Key success factors ORIM Framework Accessible, low-cost ideas for literacy activities Home visits So what?
be conducted involving 120 schools with nursery classes, and 960 children. • 60 of the schools will be control schools, 60 intervention. 480 intervention children and families will receive REAL (8 children per school). • The evaluation will be structured as a randomised controlled trial which will compare the progress of children who receive The REAL Programme with a ‘business as usual’ control group. • The intervention will begin in January 2020. • The primary outcome will be literacy, as measured through independently administered tests at the beginning and end of the trial. The secondary outcome will explore changes in the home learning environment as a result of the intervention. • The evaluation report will be published in Autumn 2021.
and moves with the child into Reception Year REAL Programme (Intervention) Schools Teachers undertake professional development, plan together and work with children and families through a series of home visits and centre- based events. Each family receives a monthly contact during term time from the teacher as a minimum. Teachers work with children and families in the home regularly, leaving materials and continuation tasks and suggest ideas for completion of literacy activities. Teachers have half a day a week release from the classroom to work with a cohort of 8 children (aged 3-5) and families over a period of 4 terms, both individually and in groups.
The REAL Programme are unable to also take part in any other EEF Home Learning Environment funded trials, a full list of which can be found on the EEF website. Control Group Schools This group will not receive training or participate in The REAL Programme. These schools will receive funding that should be put towards alternative support. This group is essential for us to understand if and how REAL works, and will be required to participate in child assessments.
3 Councils in the North of England to identify schools suitable and willing to take part: Kirklees; Knowsley; and Salford Timeline • Jan – July 2019 Project set up and school recruitment • July 2019 Deadline for school sign up and MOU’s in place • Sept – Dec 2019 Selection of intervention/control pupils & baseline testing • January 2020 Four days of teacher training to intervention schools • Jan 20 – Feb 21 Intervention: Min. of 8 home visits per child & 4 events • March 2021 Final child assessments – intervention & control schools
Language Therapists who will come to your school. Parent consent will have been gained in advance. • PELI (15 minutes) is a psychometrically tested assessment embedded within a set of 10 child-friendly storybooks. The story books address five early literacy dimensions: phonological awareness, alphabet knowledge, vocabulary, oral language, and comprehension. • The Sheffield Early Literacy Development Profile (10 minutes) assesses children’s early writing skills. • The Home Learning Environment Index – given to parents to take home, complete and return. Pupil Assessment
£5,600 for 8 children to support staff cover to deliver the programme. This will be paid in instalments. • Control schools receive £1000 to take part. • Expected that both payments to be initiated once baseline testing has taken place Funding
group: • Child: The most disadvantaged children benefit the most, with literacy levels significantly improved, and long term improved outcomes for the child • Family: The Home learning environment improves (impacting on siblings too), and parents gain confidence and become better engaged with the school • Teacher: 4 days of Early Literacy CPD with Professor Cathy Nutbrown • School: Improved EYFSP levels of children with a Good Level of Development- literacy, communication and language. • Field of early literacy: better understanding of interventions that work.
Ensure you have read the NatCen document: ‘Evaluation of The REAL Programme: Information for Nurseries and Schools’ • Read and sign The REAL Programme Memorandum of Understanding Head Teachers sign first and last page of MOU and send over Next steps
we would like you to take part in this project. If you require further information please contact: Ellie Suggate-Francis, Principal Officer in the Early Childhood Unit, NCB: email@example.com For more detailed information about REAL please refer to the following link: http://www.real-online.group.shef.ac.uk/aboutreal-text.html Your local contact is: Laura Gregory- Knowsley Development Officer & Early Years Lead firstname.lastname@example.org Next steps | <urn:uuid:7dbe5140-6403-449c-bd3f-57dfa61d2ce8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://speakerdeck.com/aw115/the-real-programme-in-knowsley | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.945389 | 1,905 | 3.0625 | 3 |
Review Title: A Good Shepherd Cares For His Lost Sheep (review of Little Ewe by Laura Sassi, Author, and Tommy Doyle, Illustrator)
Reviewer: Janice S. Garey
***** 5 Stars
With one glance at the front cover, this delightfully illustrated book draws in hearts and minds to adventure into its pages. A happy lamb skips in a meadow between butterflies setting a ‘Let’s Have Some Fun’ tone. Who could resist finding out what Little Ewe is up to in a story?
The title is a play on words so the youngest children being read to will at first think is a story about themselves, the ‘Little You’ they have heard themselves called. That is the first surprise for them. The next surprise unfolds as they discover this is not just a story book, but it is also a fun counting book. That is a great activity to engage an active young audience, one or a group, who sometimes has trouble with quiet story times.
The words are purposefully sparse for brevity considering the young listeners’ attention spans. Clever rhymes move the story seamlessly along as Little Ewe encounters many pleasant diversions after being called to mealtime. Procrastination and distractions eventually place Little Ewe in what seems to be a dangerous predicament as dark approaches.
Little Ewe finally realizes it’s not so fun to be away from the flock and shepherd after dark. This is an Aha! moment for little ones to discover through a book why they need to obey their parents sooner rather than later. The good shepherd rescues Little Ewe just as good parents take care of their little ones.
For those who desire to use books as illustrations for Bible stories, this book aligns with the story Jesus told about the one lost sheep. The story does not overtly refer to the Bible, but the point of the story is the same. It is a universal story about the value of one person to those who love them and how they will be searched for if lost.
I received this hardback book as a prize at a writer’s seminar where the author spoke. I am under no obligation to do a positive review. I offer my honest opinion to help those who are in search of good books to read to children. I highly recommend this one. | <urn:uuid:633f43cf-8e9d-43c6-b643-e2c65f63510e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://janicegareyblog.com/2021/05/17/review-of-little-ewe-the-story-of-one-lost-sheep-by-laura-sassi-author-and-tommy-doyle-illustrator/comment-page-1/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.960775 | 477 | 1.5625 | 2 |
Healthcare and Housing Programs for the Homeless
At its stand-alone medical clinic, located in the Pikes Peak Region of Colorado Springs and one half mile from UCHealth Memorial Hospital, Ascending to Health provides homeless persons a safe place to recover when discharged from local hospitals. Patients access medical care and other supportive services including transportation, nutrition, case management, benefits enrollment, connections to primary care and behavioral health providers and opportunities for long term supportive housing.
General Clinic Services/Behavioral Health Focus
In addition to its referral based respite care services, The Boulder Clinic provides patient-centered care focused on mental health and substance abuse conditions using trauma-informed care and motivational interviewing as a cornerstone in developing treatment modalities. Hours are Tuesday 10am – 4pm and Thursday 10am – 4pm. Call 719-635-7639 to schedule an appointment. Walk-ins are welcome.
Permanent Supportive Housing
“Hospital to Housing” Concept
A Step Up offers homeless persons leaving its respite care with advancing morbidities (such as cancer, dementia, end-stage-COPD) stable housing and mult-tiered case management which offset multiple readmissions to hospitals systems, enabling them to approach end-of-life status with dignity. A result of the wrap around services and benefits received while in respite care, approximately 43 percent of clients are connected to permanent supportive housing options using this continuum of care model. These include transition to one of its ten assisted living units, palliative or hospice care, long term care or reunification with family members.
Clinical staff conducts periodic outreach in the community to educate homeless persons and support organizations about medical respite resources available at ATHRC and to assess demand for services. It aids in determining demographic trends, needs of homeless women and to identify patients recently discharged from hospitals who needed respite care but did not access those services. | <urn:uuid:0f3a5c6e-a8ac-4764-a282-dd160734d64f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.athrc.com/programs-services/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.938807 | 395 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Qatar’s Emir Approves Electoral Law for First Legislative Poll
Qatar’s emir approved an electoral law for the country’s first legislative election. Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani approved the law on Thursday for the election, scheduled for October.
Qataris in 30 new electoral districts will elect 30 members of the Shura Council. The other members of the 45-seat legislature will be appointed by the emir. According to the electoral law, all members of the council, whether elected or appointed, will have the same rights and responsibilities. Candidates must be born in Qatar and be at least 30 years old. Qatari citizens ages 18 and over, and whose grandfather was born in Qatar, can vote in districts in which their tribe or family reside.
Qataris make up about 10 percent of its 2.7 million population; most others are foreign workers. | <urn:uuid:9f4b867c-cfb5-4548-aa81-7783bd70ea78> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://themedialine.org/headlines/qatars-emir-approves-electoral-law-for-first-legislative-poll/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.965118 | 185 | 1.625 | 2 |
Almost every aspect of starting or operating a business in Cambodia is becoming more difficult, according to a World Bank report released Wednesday.
Compared to last year, Cambodia dropped in nine out of 10 categories used to measure the ease of doing business in the country, according to the report, “Doing Business 2015,” which surveyed 189 countries. Cambodia’s overall ranking fell from 134 last year to 135 this year.
The report ranks the ease of starting a business, dealing with construction permits, setting up electricity, registering property, accessing credit, protecting investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts and resolving insolvency.
Only in the category of enforcing contracts did Cambodia maintain the same rank as in 2013: 178.
In the category of starting a business, Cambodia fell from 183 to 184, ahead of only Chad, Equatorial Guinea, the Central African Republic, Haiti and Burma.
“Starting a business in Cambodia requires 11 procedures, takes 101.0 days, costs 139.5 percent of income per capita and requires paid-in minimum capital of 26.1 percent of income per capita,” the report says.
“Cambodia made starting a business more difficult by introducing a requirement for a company name check at the Department of Intellectual Property and by increasing the costs both for getting registration documents approved and stamped by the Phnom Penh Tax Department and for completing incorporation with the commercial registrar,” it says.
Cambodia fell the furthest in the category of paying taxes, slipping five spots from 85 to 90.
In trading across borders, the country fell four spots to 124. In protecting investors, it fell three to 92.
In three categories—dealing with construction permits, acquiring electricity and accessing credit—it slipped two spots: to 183, 139 and 12, respectively.
Finally, Cambodia dropped one rung in the categories of registering property, from 99 to 100, and resolving insolvency, from 83 to 84.
Overall, Cambodia is still lagging far behind other countries in the region. Singapore ranked 1 in the world, Malaysia 18, Thailand 26 and Indonesia 114. Only Laos and Burma rated lower than Cambodia, at 148 and 177, respectively.
But banking executives Wednesday said that doing business in Cambodia appears to be getting easier.
“I think if anything, it’s become a little easier in the sense of increased transparency and improvement in certain areas like customs,” ANZ Royal CEO Grant Knuckey said.
“It’s a matter of perspective though—from some points of view, things like the work visa crackdown are a ‘less easy’ factor, but I’d prefer to look at it in the context of a clear and gradual improvement in the country’s institutional frameworks,” he said.
In Channy, CEO of Acleda Bank, said the number of people taking out loans — an indicator of the rate at which business are started — had not decreased at his bank.
“The loan growth is still strong in the bank. Last year, our total loan outstanding was 1.468 billion, but by end of September this year, it was 1.8 billion,” Mr. Channy said.
“Since the end of September, we’ve had 358,000 loan customers. Last year, we had a total of 334,000,” he said. | <urn:uuid:c91f309d-7730-4bac-a788-e0236d469ede> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://english.cambodiadaily.com/news/starting-a-business-in-cambodia-is-getting-harder-report-says-71343/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.944958 | 708 | 2.078125 | 2 |
BASF wants to promote more women in leadership positions
- New target for 2030: Women to hold 30 percent of leadership roles
By 2030, BASF wants to increase the proportion of women in leadership positions to 30 percent worldwide. At the end of 2019, the proportion of female managers was 23.0 percent (2018: 21.7 percent). In 2015, BASF had set itself the target of increasing the proportion of women in leadership roles to 22 to 24 percent as of 2021, which it achieved ahead of schedule at the end of 2019.
The goal of a better gender balance in the leadership team is to be achieved for the BASF Group worldwide and for the leadership levels overall. At BASF, this includes the management levels in all countries where the company operates, thus reflecting the global approach to the development of leadership. BASF puts a special focus on the three leadership levels below the Board of Executive Directors. As multipliers, these leaders can make a significant contribution to further developing a diverse corporate culture. This helps BASF to be an attractive employer for everyone. At the three leadership levels below the Board of Executive Directors, the proportion of female leaders is 15.8 percent (as of December 31, 2019).
“We want to better incorporate women and their abilities in the leadership team of BASF. As a research-driven company, we know the value of diverse ways of thinking and working. Different perspectives result in innovative ideas and solutions for our customers,” said Dr. Martin Brudermüller, Chairman of the Board of Executive Directors of BASF SE.
The new target also contributes to implementing the corporate strategy, which aims for profitable growth and creating value for society.
Measures to achieve the target
All leaders are obliged to pursue the new target. Early recognition, nomination and development of talented female employees as well as long-term succession planning will contribute to reaching the goal. The majority of leadership positions at BASF are filled internally. BASF supports young leaders by offering individualized mentoring and training programs.
Since 2016, the company has been a member of the Germany-wide Chefsache initiative. This network of leaders from industry, academia, the public sector and media aims to initiate social change, such as increasing the percentage of women in leadership positions in Germany.
Receive up-to-date news releases from BASF via push notification on your smartphone. Register for our news service at basf.com/pushnews.
At BASF, we create chemistry for a sustainable future. We combine economic success with environmental protection and social responsibility. The approximately 122,000 employees in the BASF Group work on contributing to the success of our customers in nearly all sectors and almost every country in the world. Our portfolio is organized into six segments: Chemicals, Materials, Industrial Solutions, Surface Technologies, Nutrition & Care and Agricultural Solutions. BASF generated sales of around €63 billion in 2018. BASF shares are traded on the stock exchange in Frankfurt (BAS) and as American Depositary Receipts (BASFY) in the U.S. Further information at www.basf.com. | <urn:uuid:bff955d8-3bcb-4cf0-a75a-46e51d99a378> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.basf.com/global/en/media/news-releases/2020/02/p-20-132.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.940063 | 653 | 1.8125 | 2 |
7 elephants, in search for food, electrocuted by power lines in Odisha village
Seven elephants died of electrocution after coming in contact with a sagging power line in Odisha’s Dhenkanal district Friday night.
Officials said a herd of 13 elephants entered Kamalanga village under Dhenkanal Sadar forest range last night in search of food when they came in contact with the 11KV laid by the railway department for track construction work.
The incident came to light after villagers spotted the carcasses near a village nullah this morning.
This is the highest casualty of elephants in a single incident in Odisha. Dhenkanal DFO Sudarshan Patra said he was rushing to the spot to take stock of the situation.
Power distribution company CESU suspended an SDO, a superintending engineer and terminated from service a junior engineer. A range officer, ranger and a forest guard of Dhenkanal forest division were also suspended by the forest department.
In December 2012, six elephants were knocked down by a speeding express train in Rambha area of Ganjam district while in April this year, four elephants including a tusker and a calf were killed in Jharsuguda district when they were hit by a speeding train.
Tension gripped the area as locals held railway and energy departments responsible for the incident.
Wildlife activists said it was apparent that despite Dhenkanal being known as an elephant corridor, the forest officials did nothing to prevent such deaths.
“We have repeatedly told the forest department about 200 spots in Dhenkanal where high voltage power lines are sagging and could endanger the lives of elephants, but no action has been taken. The deaths are unpardonable,” said Dr Biswajit Mohanty of Wildlife Society of Odisha, a reputed wildlife conservation organisation of the State.
Wildlife conservationists said from April this year, at least 54 elephants have died in the state either due to poaching, deliberate electrocution or by sagging lines or poisoning.
Elephant conservationist Ranjit Patnaik said since April 2010, 102 elephants have been killed in the state due to electrocution, one of the major reasons of elephant deaths.
The average annual elephant casualty, which was 33 in 1990, has now reached 73, one of the highest in the country. | <urn:uuid:e50530d0-4f94-492a-ad63-a29c8ec7a59f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/7-elephants-in-search-for-food-electrocuted-by-power-lines-in-odisha-village/story-bqdF3dtfEtNpxok7MkCAfM.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.975628 | 490 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Date(s) - 03/23/2019
10:00 AM - 11:00 AM
David Brower Center
Add This Event to Your Calendar
Kim Laughton is a Shanghai-based digital artist specializing in new media. His work blurs the boundaries between tech demo, music video, experimental film, and viral content – often exploiting cutting-edge imaging techniques to conjure feelings of nihlistic dystopia. Much of his work explores the notion of the uncanny valley: a computer animation concept describing the point in which an audience’s empathy becomes revulsion while watching an animated character that is too realistic (but not realistic enough to feel like an actual human). His project #HYPERREALCG, curated in conjunction with David OReilly, cynically touches upon this strange relationship we have with realism in computer graphics culture. Laughton’s on-going stream of actual photographs presented as computer-generated images has been widely misrepresented by news sources online. To quote Gizmodo in their report on the project, “It’s really crazy how close to life we can get with art.”
GLAS Animation is a 501(c)3 non-profit organization founded in 2014. Our core mission is to cultivate and promote the art and science of animation. We provide a unique platform for independent animation, champion diverse and underrepresented voices, and emphasize exceptional directors and artists that push visual, conceptual, and narrative boundaries within the cinematic artform. We are a community-driven organization that not only exhibits animated films, but creates a context and language for a shared understanding and appreciation of animation in the United States.
Green from the ground up, the Brower Center is a powerful model of sustainable, mixed-use development. Utilizing the latest in energy-saving technologies and recycled building materials, the Center makes as light a footprint on the Earth as possible, taking into account the true life-cycle cost of building construction, operation, and maintenance. | <urn:uuid:28742014-5ea4-42e5-815d-cda6cb29144e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.artsearth.org/events/kim-laughton-conversation-glas-2019/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.910869 | 416 | 1.703125 | 2 |
In Canada, a borough is a municipal subdivision of a city.
How many boroughs are in Canada?
This is a list of Canada’s 338 federal electoral districts (commonly referred to as ridings in Canadian English) as defined by the 2013 Representation Order.
Does Toronto have boroughs?
1, 1998, Toronto’s amalgamation took effect, merging the six previous municipalities that made up Metro Toronto – Etobicoke, Scarborough, York, East York, North York, and the City of Toronto, into a new singular City of Toronto. …
How is Canada divided?
Canada is divided into ten provinces and three territories.
Is a borough a city?
A borough is a town that has its own government. It also can be a part of a big city that has powers of self-government. … When a borough is part of a big city, it represents a more formal division than just a neighborhood. It’s a separate town, often one that has its own government.
What is the capital city of Canada?
Ottawa. Canada’s capital is also the second-largest city in Ontario with a regional population of close to 1.5 million people. Queen Victoria chose Ottawa as Canada’s capital in 1857 as it was a defensible location situated on the border between Quebec and Ontario – the two provinces making up the country at the time.
How many states does Canada have?
As a country, Canada has ten provinces and three territories. These subdivisions vary widely in both land and water area. The largest subdivision by land area is the territory of Nunavut. The largest subdivision by water area is the province of Quebec.
Does Ontario have boroughs?
Ontario. In what is today Toronto, the former Metropolitan Toronto, an upper-tier regional municipality-type of municipal government, had five boroughs; East York, Etobicoke, North York, Scarborough, and York, surrounding a then-much-smaller City of Toronto. … Today, there are no longer any boroughs in Ontario.
Why do we call Toronto the 6?
While the meaning of the term was initially unclear, Drake clarified in a 2016 interview by Jimmy Fallon on The Tonight Show that it derived from the shared digits of the 416 and 647 telephone area codes and the six municipalities that amalgamated into the current Toronto city proper in 1998.
What 6 cities make up Toronto?
On January 1, 1998, Toronto was greatly enlarged, not through traditional annexations, but as an amalgamation of the Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto and its six lower-tier constituent municipalities; East York, Etobicoke, North York, Scarborough, York, and the original city itself.
Is Canada bigger than USA?
Canada is considerably larger than the U.S., in sheer land mass, but has about one tenth the human population, some 31,000,000, creating some interesting challenges in animal protection. The entire population of Canada is about the same as can be found in the state of California.
Is Canada broken up into states?
The nation of Canada isn’t divided into states like the United States or India. However, it is divided into sub-national governmental areas known as provinces and territories. … These territories also receive all authority and responsibility from the federal government. As mentioned, there are ten provinces in Canada.
Do Canadian provinces have counties?
Only five Canadian provinces have counties: Quebec, Ontario and the Maritimes (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island). | <urn:uuid:acc9fcf2-358d-4dcb-bf13-e82e3af5dc53> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://experiencethewhiteshell.org/canada-landmarks/does-canada-have-boroughs.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.947358 | 732 | 3.328125 | 3 |
Neil Armstrong may have been imprinting the moon with a famous step, but you are creating everyday a series of footsteps that may live forever — or at least long enough to bother you. You know, your cyber footprint.
The websites that you browse, the emails you sent, receive and forward, the status updates on social networks, the movies you mention having appreciated, even the points your are collecting on online games, .. the list would be long enough.
When speaking of legacy, this footprint often becomes a problem to manage for those who remain. What will become of it? Who can benefit from the online revenue generating you have been generating? Who will pursue the work you had started? What will become of those embarrassing mails you had sent previously?
Previously, people had wills written for their earthly possessions. Your books, photos, all the small souvenirs that you shared with loved ones could be shared with the ones you wanted. But what about your cyber footprint? All of your assets, or most of them, are locked with a password, and services providers don’t usually pass your digital belongings to any other than you.
“The traditional things we have done for estate planning—proof of death, changing titles, all those sorts of things—may need to change in this new context of digital assets,” says Dennis Kennedy, a St. Louis, Missouri, technology attorney who is also a recognized expert on how technology intersects with the law. “One of the last questions you tend to ask is, ‘What happens when somebody dies?’ Nobody is planning to die. Very few people want to think about that and what is going to happen to their stuff, but it has to be done, and it has gotten more complicated with the addition of digital assets.”
That’s why it’s always interesting to have a guide to help you through your issues. | <urn:uuid:2619dbbd-e98f-41b9-8d9a-a0cdfb6023fd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://digitaldeathguide.com/tag/dennis-kennedy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.972398 | 390 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Brazil’s largest urban park of dunes, lagoons and restingas
Salvador keeps true environmental treasures in its territory. Parque das Dunas, in Salvador, is the largest urban park of dunes, lagoons and restingas in Brazil. A six million square meters complex based on sustainability: it preserves the dunes and restingas ecosystem in Salvador city, and it’s the last urban source of the country in this category. The white sand mountains can be seen from above, from the observation deck. The tour involves education, environment and ecotourism, as well as exuberant flora and fauna.
You will pass by many species of insects, birds, amphibians and reptiles. Yes!!! There are a variety of snakes, spiders, toads, owls and the lizards. But don’t worry! It’s all very safe, with a team of guides who make interpretive trails, explaining to you all about it. The park has an excellent support structure for visitors and researchers with auditorium, classrooms, composting center, restinga garden, wormery, library and recreation square. It’s an adventure with direct contact with nature and a true lesson on biodiversity.
Parque das Dunas (Dunes Park)
Address: R. José Augusto Tourinho Dantas, 1001 – Praia do Flamengo, Salvador – BA, 41603-110
Opening hours: from Monday to Friday, from 07:00 am to 5:00 pm. Saturdays, from 07:00 am to 1:00 pm.
Phone: 71 3036-1399
Important: call ahead to schedule your trail.
Parque das Dunas. Praia do Flamengo. Salvador Bahai. Foto: Amanda Oliveira. | <urn:uuid:12bd3eb5-f5e1-4778-8cd0-45221b7e1307> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.salvadordabahia.com/en/experiences/parque-das-dunas-dunes-park/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.873369 | 381 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Although Value Engineering (VE) was developed during World War II, it’s still widely used in industry with a multitude of applications. In short, VE is an effective technique for reducing costs, increasing productivity, and improving quality. Which makes it a must to incorporate when operating on any structural designs, from custom luxury home, to minor home remodel.
What gets everyone’s attention is lowering cost, and although this function is a key component it’s not the main focus. To primarily focus on cost is a mistake, and would lead to poor quality and increased cost later on down the road. My main focus is on method of construction techniques, and the use of materials and hardware. All the plans created by John Anthony Drafting & Design are Value Engineered. However, I do and have provided this service for others, and it’s not uncommon for me to knock off 20 to 30k just in materials and hardware cost on a custom home. Throw in the fact I use proven method of construction techniques which lowers labor cost, and effectively reduces time to completion.
Another key component to VE is longevity which is directly related to quality. The challenge for most is to identify longevity. No matter how much quality you inject into a project you better have a good understanding of how a given environment will affect materials. If you do not, even the best of quality will be easily broke down by time and weather. Although aesthetic value being extremely important it should not affect longevity, nor create situations of constant maintenance. I feel the home is to live in and enjoy, and not become a burden.
To apply VE effectively to residential and commercial construction one must have field experience. There’s just no getting around it, as the only way to really know about a product, material, hardware, etc…, is to handle and apply it with your own hands. This gives you a complete understanding of what works and what doesn’t, and cost.
My many years of field experience has exposed me to a multitude of structural engineers, and one constant with most engineers is just the calculations. Never concerning themselves with application or cost. This is a huge factor when looking at an entire project, and can easily be modified as there are several ways to effectively reach a goal. Simpson products are the standard for all structural hardware, and knowing how to effectively incorporate them will reduce building and labor cost.
Finally, poor choice of materials and hardware can easily add the numbers I spoke of above, and in some cases reach much higher numbers. Civil Engineering is another key area to look at. Retention, expansive soils, movement of materials, and the list goes on. Let’s not forget all the passive qualities to incorporate as well. Value Engineering is a constant, and ultimately should be incorporated from conceptual design to finished product. | <urn:uuid:57dc15be-bbf8-46f6-adea-231a7e4e6132> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jadrafting.com/engineering/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.958685 | 581 | 1.976563 | 2 |
Project proposal for gold mining_How to Write a Mining Industry Business ProposalSo now you can see that anyone who has great ideas or products or services to offer can put together a business proposal, whether it's for a mini. . Expression of Interest for Mining Sample Proposal - 5 .Mar 23, 2021 Additional mineralization could extend mine life, reduce capital intensity and generate higher project economic returns than the 1.2 million ounces of Indicated gold and 0.5 million ounces of.
Oct 08, 2013 Gold Mining 1. Gold Mining 2. How Gold Mining Works • Although gold recycling supplies a significant portion of the worldwide demand for gold, new gold is obtained through mining operations. • Modern-day mining requires a lot than just pitchforks and drills. Let’s look at some popular gold mining tools and strategies. 3.
Project proposal for a 10 hectare gold mining in zimbabwe project proposal for a 10 hectare gold mining in zimbabwe granite ore processing plant project, sayaji mining machine installation project report, project titlesin mining plant project topics engineering, project report of ore mining machine plant, various types of ball mill pulverizer .
African Gold Group is a Canadian-listed exploration and development company with a focus on developing a gold platform in West Africa. The Company is primarily focused on the development of the Kobada Gold Project in Southern Mali, a low capital and low operating cost gold project with the potential to produce than 100,000 ounces of gold per annum.
A giant gold mining project proposal near Yellowstone National Park is officially dead, and Montanans’ right to stop such unlawful projects is upheld, with far-reaching impacts.
How to write bankable proposal for gold mining Products. As a leading global manufacturer of crushing, grinding and mining equipments, we offer advanced, reasonable solutions for any size-reduction requirements including, How to write bankable proposal for gold mining, quarry, aggregate, and different kinds of minerals.
May 10, 2021 Binduli North Gold Mine. Norton Gold Fields Pty Ltd propose to develop the Binduli North Project located approximately ten kilometres west of the city of Kalgoorlie-Boulder. The proposal includes the expansion of three existing open pits, the development of a new open pit, waste rock dumps, run of mine pads, a heap leach processing facility.
The paper presents a brief history of small scale mining and its present status, alluvial gold processing, including mercury pollution, alluvial gold marketing and the socio-economic problems faced by small miners. 2. SMALL SCALE MINING 2.1 History History of alluvial gold mining in PNG started in 1873 when Captain sby reported minor.
Aug 16, 2021 Colorado Springs, Colorado 2021-08-16 21 30 00 – Fremont County, Colorado — Gold mining may soon return to Fremont County. June 30, 2021 Zephyr mineral You have submitted a hard rock mining permit application to the State Renewable Mining Safety Authority (DRMS). Some people living near the Dawson mine are not very happy. The approximate location of.
The Stibnite Gold Project Take Action Now. Located in the headwaters of the the South Fork of the Salmon, the proposed Stibnite Mine project slated to become one of the largest gold mines in the nation.Perpetua Resources (formerly known as Midas Gold Corporation) - a Canadian mining company that recently moved to Idaho - has pitched the project as an opportunity for restoration, claiming that.
A mining lease application for the underground gold mine and associated infrastructure at Woodside has been submitted, in accordance with section 35 of the Mining Act 1971, including a mining proposal that complies with the project-specific requirements for the Bird in Hand Gold Project. Mining lease proposal Main document (PDF 69 MB).
The Kobada Gold Project (“Kobada”) is an advanced stage gold development project located in Mali, Africa`s 3 rd largest gold producing nation. The Company owns a 90 interest in the Kobada gold project with the Government of Mali retaining a 10 carried interest. The Project is located approximately 126 km south-west of Bamako, the capital.
After SSR Mining abandoned the Conglomerate Mesa exploration project in 2018, many considered the mining threats dismissed and the area safe. Unfortunately, this is not the case. This Summer, international mining giant K2 Gold took over the gold exploration plan for Conglomerate Mesa that permits seven drill locations accessed only by helicopter.
Oct 26, 2020 The price of gold rocketed during the pandemic, spurring renewed interest in excavation projects and even an illegal mining boom in parts of the Amazon rainforest. Yet gold.
The mine is expected to produce 80,000oz to 85,000oz of gold a year for the ten year initial life-of-mine. Mining and processing methods techniques. A combination of open-pit and underground mining operation is being considered for the Tulu Kapi mine, subject to feasibility. | <urn:uuid:cb6e95bd-7aae-49c4-bbb5-caa25dd4ad8a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.klapnight.fr/28994/project-proposal-for-gold-mining.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.926314 | 1,023 | 1.882813 | 2 |
Hello, i have a Tilting game world project (the most famous are Super Monkey Ball and Neverball).
Here is a little description of what i want to make:
The main gameplay of Super Monkey Ball/Neverball is based on moving a ball using gravity by tilting the game world,
not directly controlling the ball (it is somewhat similar to the game Labyrinth without the holes in the middle).
The level must be tilted to help guide the ball to a goal, via an obstacle course, with a set time limit.
Moving platforms and other objects get in the way, making levels progressively harder.
Here are my informations:
-A Pawn, its the main character, its just a sphere mesh affected by the physic (for make simple).
-Is the constant Pivot for “Object B/Level/Stage”.
-Can be 1 mesh with all other parts of the level parented to it, or 1 actor (Maybe if i can easyly convert the entire level inside one).
-Not affected by the physics.
-Use the “Object A/Ball” Location as pivot/ for rotate around constantly.
-Allowed to Rotate on X and Y axis only.
-Allowed to move on Z axis only (if needed).
I just need a blueprint that get the Ball position, and make it as constant pivot for the loaded Level/Stage,
the level rotation will be multiplied by the joystick return value, for a max ~40° rotation allowed on each axis, with the idle position at 0°.
The reason using the Ball center as pivot for the Level is for the Ball not being catapulted while moving the level.
I dont want to make a common rolling ball game, it may use the same Physics type (Tilting game world).
Thank you for any help, ask for any information
Sorry for my bad english. | <urn:uuid:4a64726e-b3f7-4cd7-abed-c56c27d365cd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://forums.unrealengine.com/t/use-dynamic-object-a-as-pivot-for-movable-object-b/54786 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.888848 | 413 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Galinsoga is an annual weed of vegetables. It was a serious problem when the vegetable industry was centered in North Jersey and it relocated right along with the vegetable industry to South Jersey. It is also called gallant soldier and quickweed. The latter because the seed starts to germinate on the way to the ground so that several generations are possible each growing season. Another species, G. ciliata, is called hairy galinsoga. | <urn:uuid:9ff7e41f-45f4-4356-a1fa-cb26d4434b42> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://njaes.rutgers.edu/weeds/weed.php?galinsoga | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.973268 | 90 | 2.0625 | 2 |
A capacity building course comprising four modules (Europe’s cultural diversity, cross-cultural communication, specific sectors of the EU labour market, soft skills and EU integration tools such as Online Language Support and EU Skills Profile Tool) was developed by the partners of the project UPGRADE throughout the first year of the project’s implementation.
UPGRADE is an Erasmus+ Strategic Partnership project started in September 2018 with a view to developing innovative training resources for low-skilled refugee and migrant adults, as well as educators working with these populations, in order to support their integration in the EU labour market.
Following a first pilot test carried out – in English – in Greece and Cyprus in July 2019, the course was translated into Italian and piloted in Rome from 29 to 31 October 2019. The first pilot workshop was organized in collaboration with the Consiglio Italiano per i Rifugiati. The second pilot workshop was carried out with the support of the Progetto missionario Sacro Cuore and the third one with Caritas Roma. The last two were held as part of the local NGOs’ Italian language school for newcomers. In total, 28 participants took part in the pilot testing activity in Italy.
During the workshops, UNIMED – partner of the project – presented the UPGRADE project and its different outputs. Participants were invited to register to the online platform hosting the capacity building course and review the course material. At the end, participants shared written and oral feedback concerning the challenges they had identified throughout the process and aspects that may be improved in the future.
The UPGRADE Consortium’s partners came together in Liège (Belgium) at the beginning of November and discussed the outcomes of the pilot testing activity across countries. Based on participants’ feedback, concrete ways to improve leaners/users’ experience were identified and will be implemented before the official launch of the course in the coming months.
Discover more on the project, visiting its website. | <urn:uuid:1cc4fcc7-adad-498b-908c-976818a15525> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.uni-med.net/en/upgrade-online-course-for-low-skilled-migrants-professional-inclusion-piloted-in-italy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.963992 | 411 | 1.625 | 2 |
Baltimore, about 60 kilometers from Washington, D.C., is home to a vibrant, restored historic seaport, a major manufacturing center, and many colleges and universities, including the prestigious Johns Hopkins University. But for many Americans, the first thing that pops into their heads when they think of Baltimore is that it’s one of the most dangerous cities in the nation. Last year Baltimore had the highest homicide rate of any U.S. city with a population of over 500,000, according to FBI statistics. The city’s notoriously high violent crime rates and its use as the setting for hard-boiled TV crime dramas such as “The Wire” has given it a widespread reputation as a rather grim place to live.
The movie Step paints a more optimistic picture of Baltimore. This feature-length documentary, which won the U.S. Documentary Special Jury Award for Inspirational Filmmaking at the Sundance Film Festival and the Audience Award for Best Feature at the AFI Docs Festival in 2017, focuses on a dance team at an all-girls school in the heart of downtown Baltimore.
American View sat down with the movie’s director of photography, Casey Regan, in September 2019 to learn about the motivation behind it and the impact it had not only on the local community but on moviegoers far and wide. Regan was visiting Japan on a speaking tour with film screenings, organized by the U.S. Mission to Japan.
Step was directed by Amanda Lipitz, a Baltimore native who has produced a number of Broadway plays and directed short films for nonprofit organizations. Regan said that for Lipitz, “storytelling is all about flipping preconceived notions and stereotypes of cities and people.” By making Step, Lipitz wanted to show that “there’s room for as much triumph as there is hopelessness” in Baltimore, Regan said.
The film was shot in the wake of the death of a young black man named Freddie Gray due to injuries he suffered while in police custody in Baltimore in 2015. The incident led to a series of protests against police brutality; news coverage tended to focus on the protests that turned violent rather than the peaceful ones. “The news media painted Baltimore as a violent, dangerous city tearing itself apart,” Regan said. “Being a Baltimore native herself, Amanda knew she wanted to tell a story that cut through that noise.”
Lipitz has been an active supporter of the Baltimore Leadership School for Young Women since its inception. One of the school’s goals is to ensure that every student in its senior class graduates from high school and is accepted to college. Many of them are the first in their families to do so. The movie traces the lives of several members of the school’s “step” dance team as they pursue their dual dreams of winning a dance championship and going to college.
In step, the entire body is used as an instrument to produce complex rhythms and sounds by stomping, clapping, and calling out words or phrases. Originally developed by African-American fraternities and sororities, the dance form is now practiced worldwide by people of all ages. “Especially among high schoolers,” Regan said, “every routine is about announcing that you’re the best steppers on the block and you are showing how you’ve got skills that no other team has. I definitely noticed that when the girls moved together, whether it was in competition or in practice or even in the school, they held their heads higher. You saw that being on a team like that made them proud.”
During the eight months Regan spent shooting the movie, he came to admire the girls and their community. “They had a savviness to them that I still really respect and kind of envy,” he said. “They all had their individual strengths, but what I really saw was in this little ecosystem within the city of Baltimore that was a school, they lived and died by each other. It’s a sisterhood that hints toward the coming together that is necessary to raise anyone up above what would be otherwise hopeless circumstances.”
While some people think it’s best to avoid engaging emotionally when filming a documentary, Regan disagrees. “If I was in any way successful in making this movie, it was because I was welcomed into their lives,” he said, “because I became a sort of secondary character in the story they were living, so I tried to not be invasive until I knew they trusted me and until I knew that I was welcome in their homes.” Regan explained that it was important for him and Lipitz that the girls felt like they were telling their own story.
Before moving to Baltimore to film the movie, most of what Regan knew about the city was what he had seen on the news. “So I definitely went into Baltimore with a lot of that going around in my head,” he said. “But everywhere there were people living full lives with moments of sadness, despair, hope, and beauty.”
After a screening of Step at a high school in Tokyo, sponsored by the Embassy, some students approached Regan and told him the movie made them realize they had never considered in a meaningful way the real lives of the people who lived in cities that they thought of as “poor” or “scary” places. “I was moved,” Regan said. “If you can give someone a little bit of that perspective, that’s what we’re trying to do here.”
In January 2017, Fox Searchlight Pictures acquired worldwide distribution and remake rights to Step for over $4 million. Lipitz was quoted by Deadline as saying the filmmaking team allowed for proceeds from the sale to go toward scholarships for the girls on the step team as well as “a generous donation to the school so that it can continue to transform Baltimore one young woman at a time.”
Regan reckons that one of the reasons Step was so successful is that it’s such a joyous movie. “You leave so many documentaries feeling a little heavy laden, and you don’t leave Step that way,” he said. “You leave Step feeling hopeful and joyful. While it’s very necessary to dissect the heavy systemic issues that allow for propagation of brutality and racism and inequality, Step is a great reminder that the actual material lives of the people experiencing that can also be full of joy too. That’s why we need to address those issues, because these aren’t just ideas of people who are affected by this; these are real people.”
Banner image: Step team members Tayla Solomon, Cori Granger, and Blessin Giraldo, from the documentary film, "Step," are photographed at the 2017 Sundance Film Festival for Los Angeles Times on January 20, 2017 in Park City, Utah. (Photo by Jay L. Clendenin/Los Angeles Times/Contour by Getty Images) | <urn:uuid:204c4959-c309-4246-94bf-f8266a968ef0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://amview.japan.usembassy.gov/en/step-documentary-shows-a-brighter-side-of-baltimore/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.981389 | 1,477 | 1.953125 | 2 |
Little Mountain Cohousing, a Passive House project that started construction in early 2019, will include 25 residential units plus a range of common house facilities. The building’s opening date is set for early 2021.
The six-storey building’s massing was designed to conform to tight rezoning requirements while creating units that responded to the needs of the individual cohousing group members. Common spaces—kitchen and dining, children’s playroom, laundry, a central courtyard, and more—were a primary concern. Cornerstone Architecture structured the main common spaces so that they open onto a southwest-facing court at the corner of the lot, which is also overlooked by the common circulation at each building level. Topping the building is a common accessible green-roof area with roof decks and urban farming beds.
The superstructure is mainly wood-frame construction with a double exterior wall to achieve high insulation and airtightness. The concrete ground floor over the parkade is sandwiched between layers of insulation to minimize thermal bridging around the perimeter and thermal bridging caused by structural members. Roof insulation is installed both in the joist cavity and continuously above the structure. The project incorporates high-performance windows with glazing characteristics varied by orientation and surrounding shading objects to minimize summer heat gain.
Passive House Certifier
London Mah & Associates Ltd.
Convective heat loss through plumbing stacks is substantially reduced by using exterior air-admittance valves with positive air pressure attenuators. For ventilation, high-efficiency HRVs are located in each residential unit and in common areas. CO2-based heat pumps provide the primary source of hot water, and electric baseboard heaters provide additional heat should it be required in the mild Vancouver climate. The project is designed without a gas service connection and will be virtually greenhouse-gas-free in operation.
PASSIVE HOUSE METRICS
Cooling and dehumidification demand
Primary energy demand
0.6 ACH₅₀ (design) | <urn:uuid:6091bd71-159f-43dd-ab14-149dd81d5528> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://passivehouseaccelerator.com/articles/little-mountain-cohousing | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.922589 | 464 | 1.851563 | 2 |
While Vauxhall/Opel are currently busy with the introduction of the fifth-generation Corsa-e (ICE and BEV versions), the sixth-generation without an internal combustion engine sounds reasonable, especially since it will be closer to 2030.
"“With electrification, B-class and possibly even A-class segment cars will become more relevant.
“The next generation superminis, including the Corsa, will be all-electric. I truly believe that.”"
Vauxhall, as a small, satellite brand focused on the British market, probably does not have a big influence on the direction of the entire PSA Group, but the intuition seems to be reasonable.
One of the main obstacles to fully switch to electric versions in big cities (a natural environment for Corsa-e) is the lack of charging infrastructure for people living in blocks of flats. To be honest, even a finding simple parking spot might often be a problem in many cases.
It will be interesting whether cities will be able to solve charging infrastructure problem by massive installations of normal AC spots, or if range/charging time will improve enough to recharge EVs at fast-charging stations in a similar way as in the case of fueling ICE cars.
"But Norman believes once governments decide to fully embrace infrastructure and put funding and schemes in place then progress will greatly accelerate.
“There will be a tipping point,” Norman said when asked about charging infrastructure.
“When a decision is made it will happen unbelievably quickly. In 2025, no manufacturer will be making petrol or diesel engines.”"
Gallery: Vauxhall Corsa-e
Opel Corsa-e/Vauxhall Corsa-e specs:
- 50 kWh battery (battery is guaranteed for 8 years or 160 000 km for 70% of its charge capacity, cells supplied by CATL)
- about 330 km (205 miles) of preliminary WLTP range
- 100 kW and 260 Nm electric motor
- 0-50 km/h (31 mph) in 2.8 seconds
- 0-100 km/h (62 mph) in 8.1 seconds
- on-board charger 7.4 kW single-phase or 11 kW three-phase (5 hours recharge)
- 80% fast charge in 30 minutes using CCS DC up to 100 kW | <urn:uuid:2cdc73cc-672c-429b-8ab3-fa29d7fbb89f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://insideevs.com/news/385325/next-generation-vauxhall-opel-corsa-e/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.918905 | 495 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for treatment-refractory relapsing multiple sclerosis: Position statement from the american society for blood and marrow transplantation
Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. 2019
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, disabling, immune-mediated, central nervous system demyelinating and degenerative disease. Approved disease modifying therapies may be incompletely effective in some patients with highly active relapsing disease and high risk of disability. Immunoablative or myeloablative therapy followed by autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (AHCT) has been investigated in retrospective studies, clinical trials, and meta-analyses/systematic reviews as an approach to address this unmet clinical need. On behalf of the American Society for Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation (ASBMT), a panel of experts in AHCT and MS convened to review available evidence and make recommendations on MS as an indication for AHCT. Review of recent literature identified eight retrospective studies, eight clinical trials, and three meta-analyses/systematic reviews. In aggregate, these studies indicate that AHCT is an efficacious and safe treatment for active relapsing forms of MS to prevent clinical relapses, MRI lesion activity, and disability worsening, and to reverse disability, without unexpected adverse events. Based on the available evidence, the ASBMT recommends that treatment-refractory relapsing MS with high risk of future disability be considered a "standard of care, clinical evidence available" indication for AHCT. Collaboration of neurologists with expertise in treating MS and transplant physicians with experience performing AHCT for autoimmune disease is crucial for appropriate patient selection and optimizing transplant procedures to improve patient outcomes. Transplant centers in the United States and Canada are strongly encouraged to report baseline and outcomes data on patients receiving AHCT for multiple sclerosis to the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research.
Local corticosteroid versus autologous blood injections in lateral epicondylitis: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. 2016;53((3):):483-491.
BACKGROUND Lateral epicondylitis is a common painful elbow disorder. Several approaches to treatment have been proposed, with a local injection of corticosteroids being the most frequently used. Recent insights into the pathophysiology encouraged the introduction of autologous blood injections as an alternative treatment method. AIM: The aim of this meta-analysis is to summarize quantitatively the evidence regarding the efficacy of corticosteroids and autologous blood injections for treatment of pain in lateral epicondylitis. DESIGN Meta-analysis. SETTING Outpatient treatment. POPULATION Studies were considered eligible based on the following inclusion criteria: adult human, diagnosis of lateral epicondylitis, randomized controlled trials comparing corticosteroids versus autologous blood injections, pain assessment. Exclusion criteria were previous surgery for lateral epicondylitis or for other elbow disorders, concurrent treatment with drugs or physiotherapy, diagnosis of musculoskeletal systemic disorder. METHODS A systematic search of literature was performed according to PRISMA statement. Effect size of each included study was calculated and analyzed in a random-effects model. RESULTS Four studies, enrolling total of 218 patients (139 females and 79 males), were included in quantitative analysis. At 2 weeks there was a trend towards a reduction of VAS score in the corticosteroid group (WMD = 2.12 [95% CI: 4.38 to 0.14], P=0.07). No significant differences were recorded in the medium-term (4-12 weeks; WMD = 0.85 [95% CI: -0.44 to 2.15], P= 0.19) and long-term (24 weeks; WMD = 0.63 [95% CI: -2.40 to 3.66], P= 0.68) follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Few high-quality trials compare the efficacy of corticosteroid and autologous blood injections in the control of pain related to lateral epicondylitis. Available data indicate that corticosteroids tend to reduce VAS score in short-term follow-up, although these data are not statistically significant. No differences were recorded in the medium and long term. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT Contrary to popular opinion among medical professionals, and despite pathophysiological cues, the currently available data offer no support for the effectiveness of autologous blood injections in medium- and long- term follow-up. Further studies are necessary to establish which treatment has more impact on pain in lateral epicondylitis. These data could be then used as a basis for practical guidelines and new protocols of treatment.
Efficacy and safety of autologous blood products compared with corticosteroid injections in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis, a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Pm & R : the Journal of Injury, Function, and Rehabilitation. 2016;8((8):):780-91
OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety between autologous blood products (ABPs) and corticosteroid injections (CSIs) in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis (LE). TYPE Meta-analysis. LITERATURE SURVEY We systematically searched the EMBASE, PubMed, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing ABPs versus CSIs for the treatment of LE without language and publication date restriction through April 2015. METHODOLOGY Two investigators independently included and assessed the quality of each eligible study according to the method recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration. Available data about the main outcomes were extracted from each study and heterogeneity was assessed using the Q statistic and the inconsistency index (I2). We also evaluated the publication bias and conducted a subgroup analysis. The Review Manager 5.2 software was used for data syntheses and analyses, the standardized mean difference (SMD) or mean difference (MD) were estimated by using random effects models with 95% confidence interval (CI). To investigate the efficacy among different trial durations, the follow-up times were therefore divided into short (2-4 weeks), intermediate (6-24 weeks) and long term (≥ 24 weeks). SYNTHESIS Ten RCTs (n = 509) were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled analysis showed that CSIs were more effective than ABPs on pain relief (SMD = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.31to1.46%; P = .003) in the short term. However, in the intermediate term, ABPs exhibited a better therapeutic effect for pain relief (SMD = -0.38; 95% CI = -0.70 to -0.07%; P = .02), function (SMD = -0.60; 95% CI = -1.13 to -0.08%; P = .03), DASH (MD = -11.04; 95% CI = -21.72 to -0.36%; P = .04), and Nirschl stage (MD = -0.81; 95% CI = -1.11 to -0.51%; P < .0001). In the long term, ABPs were superior to CSIs for pain relief (SMD = -0.94; 95% CI = -1.32 to -0.57%; P < .0001) and Nirschl stage (MD = -1.04; 95% CI = -1.66 to -0.42%; P = .001). Moreover, for grip strength recovery, there was no significant difference between the two therapies (p > .05). CONCLUSIONS There was limited evidence supporting the conclusion that CSIs were superior to ABPs for pain relief in the short term; however, this result was reversed in the intermediate and long term. ABPs seemed to be more effective at restoring function in the intermediate term. Due to the small sample size and the limited number of high-quality RCTs, more high-quality RCTs with large sample sizes are required to further validate this result.
Autologous whole blood or corticosteroid injections for the treatment of epicondylopathy and plantar fasciopathy? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Physical Therapy in Sport : Official Journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine. 2016;22:114-122
OBJECTIVES To compare the efficacy of autologous whole blood with that of corticosteroid injections on epicondylopathy and plantar fasciopathy. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS The databases of PubMed, Web of Science, CENTRAL, and Scopus were searched up to 6th May 2015. Randomized trials comparing the effects of autologous whole blood and corticosteroid injections on epicondylopathy or plantar fasciopathy were included. Trials exploring the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma were excluded. The primary outcome was pain relief. The secondary outcome included the assessment of composite outcomes. All outcomes were assessed at 2-6 (short-term) weeks, 8-13 (intermediate-term) weeks and 24-26 (medium-term) weeks. Quality assessment was performed with the Cochrane risk of bias tool. RESULTS Nine trials were included. For pain relief, there was a statistically significant difference in favour of corticosteroids in the short term (SMD 0.52; 95%CIs 0.18 to 0.86; I2 = 53%; p < 0.01). A statistically significant difference in favour of autologous whole blood was indicated in the medium-term assessment of pain relief on epicondylopathy. CONCLUSIONS Corticosteroids were marginally superior to autologous whole blood in relieving pain on plantar fasciopathy at 2-6 weeks. Autologous whole blood provided significant clinical relief on epicondylopathy at 8-24 weeks. Conclusions were limited by the risk of bias. | <urn:uuid:06cfb186-4dbe-4433-b21a-566c7aa579db> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.transfusionevidencelibrary.com/search?limit=subject_area:Alternatives%20to%20Blood/Autologous%20Transfusion%20and%20Cell%20Salvage&limit=clinical_specialty:Medicine&limit=study_design:Systematic%20Review | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.919492 | 2,140 | 1.992188 | 2 |
Over the past decade, Colombia has set increasingly ambitious renewable energy goals. In 2020 alone, the government pledged to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 51 percent and install 4,000 megawatts of new, non-hydro, renewable electricity by 2030 — about 24 percent of the country’s projected electricity capacity.
These goals aren’t just promises — in 2019, the government took its first steps toward achieving these targets by launching a renewable energy auction for 1,374 MW of new wind and solar power generation. While this action is an important start, the country will need to significantly ramp up its efforts over the coming years.
Assuming the auction’s resources come online by 2022, Colombia still must install an average of 280 MW each year for the subsequent nine years in order to reach the government’s goal. This means adding about 55 percent more renewables capacity each year than the country had built in total prior to January 2020. In the Latin America region broadly, these aggressive investments in renewable energy could directly create 3.2 million jobs, nearly 8 percent of the projected total under a green energy transformation.
Achieving this level of clean energy capacity will be challenging, but one major way Colombia can get there is by engaging the private sector — and in particular, commercial and industrial (C&I) companies, which represent more than half of the country’s electricity demand.
Many large C&I energy buyers in the country already have started to explore renewable energy solutions that shift their energy consumption to new sources that are both cleaner and less expensive. Market data from 2018 and 2019 shows that solar companies in Colombia can provide C&I customers with on-site renewable generation options at significantly lower rates than current grid prices, offering electricity cost savings up to 20 percent.
While the potential benefits are significant, understanding how to navigate the process of switching to cost-saving renewable energy can be tricky. A new guidebook from the Clean Energy Investment Accelerator (CEIA), a partnership between Allotrope Partners, World Resources Institute and the U.S. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, outlines the options for C&I companies that want to procure renewable electricity in Colombia. Here are the three major ways they can do it:
1. Invest in turnkey, on-site purchases
In Colombia, on-site turnkey purchases offer an option for the customer to buy a renewable energy system, such as a solar photovoltaic installation upfront and then be responsible for its associated operations and maintenance costs.
On-site systems are typically installed on a customer’s rooftop or grounds and connect directly to the buildings or facilities consuming the electricity. These systems require significant upfront costs; however, this option is the least expensive in the long run because once the financing is paid off, all electricity generation is free.
For this reason, on-site turnkey purchases are a popular option in Colombia, with many leading corporations including Compañia Nacional de Chocolates, Ecopetrol and Tecnoglass investing in on-site solar generation. Collectively, these three companies already have installed over $25 million worth of solar electricity to deliver power directly to their facilities using on-site turnkey purchases.
2. Use PPAs or lease agreement for on-site installations
Another option involves using a power purchase agreement (PPA) or lease for an on-site renewable energy installation owned by a third party.
Under a PPA, the vendor — such as a developer or another service provider — finances, operates and maintains the renewable energy system installed at the customer’s site and sells the customer the generated electricity by the kilowatt-hour (kWh) over a set period of time (typically 10-20 years).
In a lease agreement, the customer rents the renewable energy system — typically for a flat rate each month, regardless how many kWh it produces — and owns all the electricity it generates. This option provides savings immediately upon installation because it requires no cash investment upfront, making it an attractive option for some companies.
3. Negotiate a PPA for an off-site project
Under an off-site third-party PPA, a generation company (“genco”) owns and operates a large-scale renewable installation such as a solar or wind farm, which sits in a different location from the customer’s facility. The genco is solely responsible for the system’s financing and maintenance, and sells the customer electricity by the kWh, delivered across the public utility grid.
In Colombia, a customer that chooses an off-site PPA must have a peak demand greater than 100 kilowatts, and can negotiate with its genco for a lower tariff rate. So far, off-site renewable energy PPAs have been rare in Colombia, in part due to restrictions and contracts that last 10-20 years. Such a term length is often considered too long when compared with conventional, non-renewable PPAs, which typically span three to five years.
Hundreds of companies globally have established science-based targets to reduce their emissions or have committed to ambitious renewable energy goals. With increasingly attractive pathways to renewable energy available, companies in Colombia can save money, lower their carbon footprints, support the government’s renewable energy targets and unlock a cleaner future.
To prevent the most catastrophic effects of climate change and curb global temperature rise to below 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, C&I energy buyers across the globe must act quickly to take a leading role in decarbonizing the power sector by mid-century or sooner. | <urn:uuid:72e4ae0e-133b-4d06-9217-305aaa0bb33c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sirius-energy.com/blog/2021/02/24/3-ways-companies-can-tap-into-the-rise-of-renewable-energy-in-colombia/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.929422 | 1,144 | 2.453125 | 2 |
Bangladesh reports 3 more deaths from Covid, 892 new cases in 24 hrs
Three more patients died from Covid-19 and 892 new cases were detected in the last 24 hours in Bangladesh.
With this, the total deaths rose to 28,090, while the total number of infections stood at 15,88,807, the Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS) said in a press release on Wednesday.
All those who died during the last 24 hours were female. Among them, two died in Dhaka while one in Rajshahi divisions.
The press release said samples of as many as 21,302 persons were collected during the last 24 hours. Of those, 21,251 samples were tested and it was found that the positivity rate 4.20 per cent.
During the period, 212 more patients recovered from the illness, taking the total number of recoveries to 15,50,168.
Bangladesh, however, first reported its coronavirus cases on March 8, 2020.
The virus first emerged in the Chinese city of Wuhan in December 2019 and then it spread to other countries.
To date, the epidemic infected 295,711,046 people and killed 5,476,284 across the globe, according to Worldometer, a website that compiles the number of new coronavirus cases and deaths from it.
However, the total number of people who recovered from the virus reached 2,56,230,430 across the world. | <urn:uuid:12db4f87-b01e-427d-a178-e8e1cb61509a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sylhetmirror.com/2022/01/05/bangladesh-reports-3-more-deaths-from-covid-892-new-cases-in-24-hrs/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.976894 | 308 | 1.960938 | 2 |
3D PSHE Extremism and Radicalisation
In line with the Prevent Strategy, we have produced Extremism and Radicalisation resources for Primary Schools. These units of work for both KS1 and KS2 enable primary schools to effectively and sensitively teach pupils about Extremism and Radicalisation.
Extremism and Radicalisation is a difficult area to tackle with children. In fact, should we really be tackling it at all? Well, the feedback we’ve had from teachers is that many pupils are coming into school, having seen terrorist attacks on the news, with questions. Big questions. The problem is that staff aren’t trained to deal with these issues and don’t feel equipped to explain simply enough to their pupils what is going on. Well, we’ve created two great resources to deal with this difficult area.
Key Stage 1 Extremism and Radicalisation Unit
Suitable for using in class or as an assembly resource, 3D PSHE KS1 Extremism and Radicalisation begins by focusing on the concept of fact and opinion, before moving on to the idea of right and wrong, in three fully planned and resourced sessions.
‘The Story of Redfern Right’ provides an age-appropriate, engaging way to explain how a minority of people who have strong opinions and beliefs think they are right and everyone else is wrong. Using animation and repetitive language, pupils are easily able to access the meaning behind the story. Teachers can then link this to their own context, going into as much or as little detail about extremism, radicalisation and terrorism as they deem appropriate for their pupils.
The final part of the resource focuses on celebrating difference, with a funky, fresh, up-beat song setting the tone. ‘The Boring Song’ (ironically titled) explains why it is good to be different and that there’s nothing wrong with not being the same as other people, whether that is in how we look, what we like or what we believe. Complete with both karaoke and vocal tracks, sheet music and on-screen lyrics, you’ll be humming this tune all day!
Key Stage 2 Extremism and Radicalisation Unit
Our popular 3D PSHE KS2 Extremism and Radicalisation resources for primary schools is a stand-alone unit, allowing schools to decide which year group to use it with. We would especially recommend its use with Upper Key Stage 2 pupils. This unit deals with this difficult topic in an effective and yet sensitive way. The unit comes as a digital download, with five fully-resourced lesson plans, innovative animation and a stimulating paperback story book.
If you would like to buy the Key Stage One or Key Stage Two unit individually, scroll to the bottom of this page and select the resource you would like to purchase.
Best Practice in North and West Yorkshire
We were delighted to hear that this unit was hailed as ‘best practice’ in a North Yorkshire PSHE Network in Harrogate. Perhaps they heard about us from their geographical colleagues from the City of Leeds, who invested in this resource for every primary school in their local authority.
It’s always great to hear how our resources are supporting schools and saving teachers time, delivering outstanding, engaging and fun lessons. | <urn:uuid:d715d4ab-78af-47f6-9173-6cce5f10f09b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dimensionscurriculum.co.uk/product/3d-pshe-extremism-and-radicalisation-ks1-and-ks2-bundle/?add-to-cart=10650 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.959945 | 675 | 3.6875 | 4 |
What does SDA belief number 18 mean? By saying that the Bible is the standard by which all teaching and experience must be tested does in mean that we should test Ellen White line by line with the Bible and only accept the parts that can be tested as an authoritative source of truth; or is Ellen White supposed to be tested overall by the Bible and if she passes then everything she wrote is an authoritative source of truth?
The downside of the the first approach is that good counsel could be missed if the criteria is too tight; the downside of the second approach is that by giving Ellen White what is in effect Ex Cathedra authority it would be hard to maintain that the church is sola scriptura.
Is there room for both interpretations in Adventism, or is only one interpretation valid?
18. The Gift of Prophecy: One of the gifts of the Holy Spirit is prophecy. This gift is an identifying mark of the remnant church and was manifested in the ministry of Ellen. G. White . As the Lord's messenger, her writings are a continuing and authoritative source of truth which provide for the church comfort, guidance, instruction, and correction. They also make clear that the Bible is the standard by which all teaching and experience must be tested. (Joel 2:28, 29; Acts 2:14-21; Heb. 1:1-3; Rev. 12:17; 19:10.)
If it doesn't conform to scripture, I want none of it. When she is speaking in an inspired manner they match. When she had an opinion based on the culture of her day, it was simply that. When she wrote a letter to a person it was meant for that person and not intended for corporate use.
Everything must be tested with scripture, otherwise we may as well be Catholics or Mormons.
Daniel, I certainly agree with you on that, but do you think that is what Statement 18 actually calls for, or are we trying to force it to say what we want it to?
Test Number One: Deuteronomy 18:21-22:
Test Number Two: Numbers 12:6
Test Number Three: Numbers 24:4 and 16
Test Number Four: Daniel 10:17
Test Number Five: Daniel 10:18
Test Number Six: Jeremiah 28:9
Test Number Seven: 2 Peter 1:20
Test Number Eight: 2 Peter 1:21
Test Number Nine: 1 Corinthians 14:3
Test Number Ten: Isaiah 8:19-20
Test Number Eleven: 1 John 4:1-3
Test Number Twelve: Matthew 7:15-16
Nowhere does it say that we should accept Mrs. White as equal the Bible, and she herself speaks against such things.
So, that is it in a nutshell.
You skip test number 1 and begin your numbering with test number 2. Test number 1 is found in Deuteronomy 13, the law of the false prophet. This law tells us that God will send false prophets to test us and they will be accompanied by signs and wonders. Deuteronomy 18 tells us that if the prophet is accompanied by those signs and wonders God sent him/her, but Deuteronomy 13 tells us that everything that prophet says must be tested with previous revelation (at the time it was written only Moses qualified) and if found to be teaching other than what has previously been revealed the prophet is to be stoned to death. By new covenant understanding of these symbols, the prophet is to be thoroughly tested against the law of God (stones) and brought to repentance (the second death -- which Paul died daily.)
You also ignored Ezekiel 14:1-10, a further explanation of the law of the false prophet, which requires both the prophet and me to check our idols of the heart (preconceived ideas) at the door before we consult God through the prophet. Few of us do this, and even though God himself gives the prophet the words to say we allow our idols of the heart to interpret God's word to conform to those idols, thus making false the prophet who spoke those words to us. Some of us make every word of scripture false in this way. The Pharisees did so in Jesus day and it is seen daily here on this forum.
You do not have an adequate nutshell if you have not included these passages in your explanation. SDAs pointedly ignore these passages in all their teachings on prophets, even the "fully detailed" teachings. That is a sad state of affairs.
Finally we cannot ignore Luke's words in Acts 17:11. The Thessalonians gladly accepted Paul as an authority on scripture, as he was. None of the Apostles had a better theological training. However, Luke compares the Thessalonians with the Bereans and says the latter were more noble because they accepted the gospel Paul presented with great joy, BUT they went home and compared every word of his teaching with scripture to see if it was really true.
Concerning Jill's question concerning "every word", Moses was given an outline of the plan of salvation. Other prophets are later given revelation of the parts God is carrying out at their time and in their part of the world. These are further details. Because Moses only has an outline and these prophets have further details there will not be word-for-word agreement with them, but they will still agree in every way if that later prophet is true. It is when the later prophet is in direct disagreement with the previous revelations to Moses and other prophets that we really have something to worry about.
God tells us he does nothing without first revealing his plan to his servants the prophets. The revelation to Moses is enough -- sort of -- but God found it necessary to give counsel to his people through prophets in their time and place before he acted. Since God still acts in our world today the same remains true today. God still reveals through his servants the prophets. The question is, will we listen or do we prefer the words of those who say John, or Mohammad or Ellen White is the last prophet through whom God spoke and there will be no others?
Ellen White herself said: All her written books about explanation to the bible is meant that the LITTLE light which has enlightened to the BIG (meaning the bible) light.
Had her writings not be there today, there would not any sda church and so no progress in our faith. Her contribution was, is and will remain a blessing to our church and all those who study them with a sincere heart and pray for the guidance of the Holy Spirit become studying. Hope this help.
If there were no EGW writings there would be no SDA church? are you sure about that sister? I thought the SOP were first giving to 2 men who refused the call, before egw took up the call.
if those two men had accepted the call, they would have been prophets in the SDA church. One of the identifying marks of the true church is the prophetic gift
Okay, that is not neither though, that is exactly the second position I laid out in my original question.
Oh I see, I was thinking of the future in position 2, you did have a 3rd option. Position 1 does NOT allow a person to cherry pick, if an Ellen White statement passes the test of the Bible, then it is authoritative, we can not "do what we wanted to do anyway". Aquila I get that you don't agree with position 1, but do you think that Statement 18 should be redone to keep people from interpreting like position 1 does?
"The Bible is the standard by which all teaching and experience must be tested" is a pretty clear and definitive statement. Any teaching and experience not tested by the Bible can not therefore be authoritative source of truth. The standards for teaching and experience should be kept pretty high, the danger as Daniel pointed out would be to have standards and teachings not based on the Bible like the Catholics and LDS do.
I think statement 18 can be interpreted as either position 1 or the position 3 that you brought up Aquila. You are correct about my position 2, that one is probably not a valid reading of belief 18.
Thought about this a little more, belief 18 is internally inconsistent. The 2nd part says that all teaching and experience must be tested by the Bible; while the 1st part says Ellen White is a "continuing and authoritative source of truth" admittedly that would seem to cover the parts of her writings that can not be tested by the Bible. Part 1 and Part 2 conflict with each other.
Doesn't "sola scriptura" always conflict with a God who continues to speak to His people? "Sola scriptura" is not a biblical principle when you investigate it. There is no biblical discernment or ranking between the spoken and written word of God nor of the codified or non-codified message.
A non-Adventist friend at my high-school put it this way: Do you believe that God still speaks to us today? And let me add another question: If He does - why would that be worth less than what He revealed 2000 years ago? | <urn:uuid:bf64c960-c501-44cf-8f9f-81670eb2b81e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.adventistonline.com/forum/topics/what-does-fundamental-belief-18-mean | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.971171 | 1,880 | 1.75 | 2 |
- Research article
- Open Access
Biofilm forming properties of quinolone resistant Escherichia coli from the broiler production chain and their dynamics in mixed biofilms
BMC Microbiology volume 20, Article number: 46 (2020)
Quinolone resistant Escherichia coli (QREC) have been found in samples from Norwegian broiler chicken, despite quinolones not being administered to poultry in Norway. Biofilm production may be one factor contributing to the observed persistence in the broiler production chain. In the present study, 158 QREC strains from chicken caecal and retail meat samples were screened for biofilm production in microtiter plates, biofilm morphotype on Congo Red (CR) agar plates and phylotype by multiplex PCR. Furthermore, the dynamics in mixed biofilms with strains of different morphotypes were studied on glass slides and on CR agar plates.
All strains but one produced biofilm in microtiter plates and/or on CR agar plates at room temperature. There were no differences between strains from chicken caecum and chicken retail meat in the mean amount of biofilm produced in microtiter plates. Furthermore, no differences in biofilm production were observed between phylotypes. However, significant differences in biofilm production were found between biofilm morphotypes. The morphotype RDAR (red dry and rough, which has both curli and cellulose in the matrix, was displayed by 70% of the strains. Mean biofilm production by these strains were significantly higher than by strains with the morphotypes PDAR (pink dry and rough) with only cellulose or BDAR (brown dry and rough) with only curli. Interestingly, the two latter morphotypes produced biofilms with the morphotype RDAR when grown together. None of the strains achieved significantly higher numbers of colony forming units (cfu) in mixed biofilms than in single strain biofilms on glass slides.
The results indicate that QREC can form biofilm reservoirs on both inert and organic surfaces in production environments, as well as on meat. This may contribute to persistence and dissemination of the strains. Strains with both curli and cellulose in the biofilm matrix were significantly better biofilm formers than strains lacking one of these components. However, strains with only one of the components could compensate for this by producing mixed biofilms with strains having the other component, and thereby most likely enhance their probabilities of persistence in the production environment.
Quinolones is a group of antimicrobials considered to be critically important for human medicine and should preferably be reserved for treatment of severe infections in humans . In Norwegian livestock production, the use of quinolones has been very low, i.e. only 10–15 kg of active substance of fluoroquinolones per year , and quinolone resistant bacteria from production animals has usually been a rare finding. However, after the implementation of a selective method in the Norwegian monitoring program for antimicrobial resistance in animals, food and feed (NORM-VET), it was shown that quinolone resistant Escherichia coli (QREC) were present at low levels in a high proportion of the samples from broiler chicken [3, 4]. As quinolones are not administered to poultry in Norway, little is known on how, why, when and where this resistance has developed, and which factors that may contribute to persistence and dissemination of QREC in the broiler production chain.
Production of biofilm may be one such factor. Biofilms are defined as bacterial populations adherent to each other and/or surfaces or interfaces, and enclosed in a self-produced matrix [5, 6]. The composition of the matrix differs depending on the species involved in biofilm formation and on the environment, but it often consists of proteins, polysaccharides, and/or extracellular DNA. Biofilms can accumulate on a wide variety of substrates. Bacteria in biofilms are more tolerant to disinfectants, antimicrobial agents and most other forms of environmental stress, compared to their planktonic counterparts [7,8,9,10,11]. Not surprisingly, biofilms are renowned for the problems they cause in clinical settings, food production facilities, and industrial plants [12, 13].
Previous studies have shown variations in the ability of different E. coli strains to produce biofilm under conditions relevant for the food production chain [14, 15]. E. coli strains also display variations in biofilm matrix composition which can be visualized when grown on agar plates with Congo Red and Coomassie Blue dyes (CR agar plates) [16, 17]. Three different biofilm morphotypes can be observed; RDAR (red, dry and rough) expressing both cellulose and curli fimbriae (curli), PDAR (pink, dry and rough) expressing cellulose and BDAR (brown, dry and rough) expressing curli. A fourth morphotype SAW (smooth and white) indicates no biofilm growth. The RDAR morphotype is the most common and the best studied . Little is known on whether morphotype affects the amount of biofilm produced.
The aim of the present study was to characterize the biofilm forming abilities of QREC from Norwegian broiler production to elucidate a possible role of biofilm formation in persistence in production environments, as well as in contamination of meat. Furthermore, we aimed to study the dynamics in mixed biofilms with strains of different biofilm morphotypes to see whether these strains would gain benefits by producing such biofilms.
Screening of biofilm production, morphotypes and phylotypes
Large variations in biofilm formation in microtiter plates were observed between strains, with A595 values ranging from − 0.027 to 3.333, and a mean A595 of 1.215 (Table 1). In total, 84.2% of the strains were considered positive for biofilm production, i.e. displayed A595 values above three standard deviations of the negative controls (A595 cut-off = 0.085) (Table S1).
All strains but one produced biofilm on CR agar plates. The dominating biofilm morphotype was RDAR, which was displayed by 69.6% of the strains (Table 1). The morphotypes BDAR and PDAR were displayed by 26.6 and 3.2%, respectively, whereas one strain (0.6%) displayed the non-biofilm morphotype SAW. Mean biofilm production in microtiter plates was significantly higher in RDAR strains than in BDAR (p = 1.2*10− 7) and PDAR strains (p = 0.0018) (Table 1). RDAR strains displayed both a higher percentage of positive biofilm producers, and a higher mean A595 of the biofilm positive strains (Table S1).
Phylotype B2 was the most common (47%), followed by D (24%), B1 (16%) and A (13%). There were no significant differences in mean biofilm production in microtiter plates between phylotypes in the total material (Table 2). However, significant differences between phylotypes were observed within morphotypes RDAR and BDAR. Furthermore, biofilm production was displayed by all BDAR strains with phylotypes A and B1, but only by 63.6 and 18.8% of BDAR strains with the phylotypes B2 and D, respectively. Distributions of morphotypes varied between phylotypes (Figure S1). RDAR dominated within phylotypes A and B2 (76.2 and 77.9% of the strains, respectively), whereas a more equal distribution of RDAR and BDAR strains were observed within phylotypes B1 (56.0% vs 44.0%) and D (57.9% vs 42.1%).
When comparing strains originating from chicken caecum and retail chicken meat, there were no significant differences in mean biofilm formation (Table 3) or the percentage of biofilm producers in the microtiter plate assay (89,4 and 83.6%, respectively, chi square test p = 0.31). Neither were there any differences in distribution of biofilm morphotypes or phylotypes (Table 3 and S2). However, within the most common morphotype RDAR, caecal strains displayed a higher mean biofilm A595 than those from meat (Table 3). Also within phylotype D, mean biofilm production was significantly higher in caecal samples than in meat samples (Table S2).
Single and mixed biofilms on glass slides
Six strains, two of each of the morphotypes RDAR, BDAR and PDAR, were used in these experiments (Table 4). These strains displayed relatively large differences in the total number of cfu in the biofilms when grown as single biofilms on glass slides. Furthermore, all except RDAR-1 had similar numbers of cfu in planktonic phase in the growth medium after incubation (Table 4). The number of cfu in the biofilms was not correlated to the number of planktonic cfu.
Twelve different pairs were made by combinations of these strains to be used in studies on dual-species biofilms (Table S3). Each pair contained strains with different morphotypes. Both within the biofilm and in the planktonic phase, the mean total log10 cfu after incubation was higher when testing pairs of strains than when testing single strains, despite the total inoculum being the same in both (Table S4). The difference was statistically significant in the planktonic phase (p = 0.01), but not in the biofilm (p = 0.17). None of the strains displayed higher numbers of cfu within mixed than in the single biofilms. In fact, the mean log10 cfu for the PDAR strains, as well as for the RDAR-1 strain, were significantly lower in mixed biofilms with other morphotypes than in single strain biofilms (Table S5).
In mixed biofilms, BDAR strains constituted less than 10% of the total cfu in all pairs, regardless of the ratio of the inoculum (Figs. 1 and 2). In these pairs, the ratio in the biofilm corresponded with the strains’ relative biofilm production as single strains. The ratios observed in pairs with one RDAR and one PDAR strain depended on which RDAR strain was included. The strain RDAR-2 dominated in both pairs with PDAR-strains (Fig. 3), although these three strains all produced biofilms of the same magnitude when inoculated alone. In the biofilms where PDAR-strains were paired with the strain RDAR-1, the ratio seemed to reflect a combination of inoculation ratio and relative biofilm forming abilities as single strains (Fig. 4).
In the planktonic phase, the cfu ratio of each pair of strains after incubation reflected the ratio inoculated (Fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4). In addition, the BDAR strains outcompeted the PDAR strains, and the two RDAR strains outcompeted both the PDAR and the BDAR strains even though the strain RDAR-1 had the lowest growth rate when inoculated alone.
Single and mixed biofilms on CR agar plates
All six strains tested displayed typical morphotypes when grown as single biofilms on CR agar plates (Fig. 5). The RDAR and PDAR strains, which both produced cellulose as part of the matrix, displayed highly structured biofilms with wrinkles and ridges. RDAR and BDAR strains, which both had curli fimbriae in the matrix, produced dark red/brown biofilms.
All inoculated pairs formed biofilms with a combination of structure and color indicating the presence of both cellulose and curli fimbriae during the first 3 days. After this time, the strains started expanding in a spatial fashion displaying their original morphotypes. For all pairs except those including RDAR-2, the ratio of the strains during spatial growth reflected the ratio that was displayed in the planktonic phase in the glass slide assay (Fig. 6a). In contrast, the RDAR-2 strain dominated in all pairs, just as it did in biofilm on glass slides (Fig. 6b).
In the present study, we show that the majority of QREC from the Norwegian broiler production chain produced biofilm at room temperature in the microtiter plate assay, and that all but one strain produced biofilm in the CR agar plate assay. The results show that QREC can form biofilm both on inert and organic surfaces. Strong biofilm producing abilities have earlier been shown to correlate with long-term persistence in various production environments [12, 17]. Consequently, our results indicate that QREC biofilms may be formed and act as reservoirs contributing to the observed persistence and dissemination of QREC in the broiler production chain. In the total material, there was no significant difference between caecal and meat strains in biofilm production in the microtiter plate assay. Although the microtiter plate assay might not reflect the true biofilm forming abilities of the strains on organic surfaces like chicken meat, the results nevertheless show that these strains have the capacity to be good biofilm formers. Furthermore, the fact that more strains produced biofilm on the organic surface of CR agar plates than in microtiter plates under the same conditions, indicate that these strains may colonize meat by producing biofilms.
Biofilm formation in microtiter plates was strongly influenced by the presence of cellulose and curli in the matrix, as indicated by the morphotype on CR agar plates. The most common morphotype RDAR, which had both components, produced significantly more biofilm than PDAR and BDAR having only one of these components. The RDAR strains displayed both a higher percentage of biofilm formers in microtiter plates and a higher mean biofilm production by these strains. Both curli and cellulose are known to determine the complex macroscopic architecture of the biofilm . Curli are aggregative amyloid fibers that are involved in adhesion to surfaces and cell aggregation , including adherence to avian intestinal cells, and persistence in the caecum of chickens . However, both a synergistic and a counteractive role of cellulose in curli-mediated cell adherence and colonization of solid surfaces has been suggested. Our results strongly indicate that the presence of curli and cellulose together contributes to increased biofilm production, probably by promoting adhesion, as well as biofilm build up once adhered. Interestingly, similar variations between strains in the amount of biofilm produced were not observed when the they were allowed to form biofilm on CR agar plates. One explanation may be that the ability to adhere to the surface was less critical in this test system. It may also be that other structures are more important for adhesion to organic surfaces like the CR agar. Both other fimbria and exopolymers, as well as flagella, autotranspoters and other proteinaceous adhesions expressed by E. coli have been shown to contribute to adhesion to organic material such as mammal cells and plants (reviewed by ).
All our PDAR strains were poor biofilm producers in the microtiter plate assay, although production of cellulose has been reported to enhance bacterial adherence . Interestingly, the two strains chosen for further testing turned out to be excellent biofilm producers on glass slides. This was unexpected because our previous work suggested a good correlation between E. coli biofilm formation in microtiter plates and on glass slides . However, in that study the morphotypes were unknown, and as PDAR strains seems to be rare, there might not have been any among the strains tested. Consequently, the observed variation in the ability to form biofilm on different surfaces may be a special feature for the PDAR morphotype. This implies that cellulose does play a role in the adhesion to some surfaces, but not to all.
No difference in mean biofilm production was observed between phylotypes A, B1, B2 and D when all strains were included. However, significant differences between phylotypes were observed within morphotypes RDAR and BDAR. These results indicate a genetic association to a lower level of characterization than phylotype. This level may possibly be serogroup or serotype, as associations between biofilm forming abilities and serotypes of E. coli, as well as serovar of Salmonella enterica, have been described previously [14, 17].
To see whether strains with different morphotypes would benefit from producing biofilm together, we studied the dynamics of different combinations in mixed biofilms. In particular, we wanted to see whether PDAR and BDAR strains would complement each other by producing a common matrix with both cellulose and curli, i.e. the RDAR morphotype, which is believed to play an important role in the survival of the bacteria in the environment . Indeed, all the pairs produced biofilms displaying the RDAR morphotype during the first 3 days on CR-agar. This showed that PDAR and BDAR strains are able to cooperate on making a biofilm with a matrix that probably enhances their chances of persistence.
After 3 days, further expansion of all the mixed biofilms on CR agar plates occurred with the strains growing in a spatial manner displaying their original morphotypes. It has been suggested that onset of exploitative competition can be expected when mixed strains with high metabolic overlap reach a high density relative to available sources . When a biofilm on agar reaches this stage, such competition is most likely to occur at the edge of the biofilm, which is the only place where the bacteria can gain sustained access to nutrients for cell division [26, 27]. In our experiments, the observed ratios of the pairs at the biofilm edges were in most cases similar to the ratios displayed when the same pairs when grown together in planktonic solution. This observation supports the notion that cell growth and division is an important competitive factor at this stage of biofilm production, thereby contributing to the spatial organization of the strains. One strain, i.e. the RDAR-2 strain, behaved differently by dominating the growing edge in all pairs. The reason is most likely that it had already outcompeted the other strains during the first 3 days, just as it did in all pairs in the glass slide assay. When biofilms are grown on CR agar pates, the surface is the only access to nutrition. On other surfaces and in other environments, different parts of the biofilm may have a more direct access to nutrition, and this may alter the dynamics.
None of the strains achieved significantly higher numbers of cfu in the mixed biofilms on glass slides as compared to single strain biofilms. Thus, there was no observed quantitative benefits for the strains of being in a mixed biofilm. This is in contrast to earlier observations of E. coli in mixed biofilms with Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, where the biovolume of E. coli O157:H7 was 400-fold higher in a dynamic co-cultured biofilm than in a monoculture . Also, dual-species biofilms have been found to favor Salmonella compared to Salmonella in mono-species biofilms, with biovolume increases of 2.8-fold and 3.2-fold in the presence of Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas, respectively . It may be that the strains in our study, being of the same species, were too similar to benefit from such mutualism or synergy .
For most pairs, the ratios of the strains in two-day-old biofilms on glass slides reflected the relative biofilm forming abilities of the strains. This was in contrast to the planktonic fraction where all the strains, to some extent, competed with each other. These results are in agreement with an earlier study where Salmonella ser. Typhimurium strains outcompeted E. coli strains in the planktonic growth phase, whereas development in mixed biofilm was highly dependent upon the strains’ biofilm properties . Similar results have also been obtained in a study with uropathogenic and non-pathogenic E. coli in mixed biofilms .
The majority of QREC isolated from Norwegian broiler production formed biofilm at room temperature, both on an inert and an organic surface. These results indicate that QREC can form biofilm reservoirs in production environments that may contribute to persistence and dissemination of these strains. Biofilm forming abilities did not differ between caecum and meat samples, indicating that biofilm may also facilitate persistence on meat. This is supported by the observation that all but one strain produced biofilm on an organic surface like CR-agar. Strains displaying both curli and cellulose in the biofilm matrix were the best biofilm formers. Strains lacking one matrix component could compensate for this by producing mixed biofilms with strains having that component, thereby most likely enhancing their probabilities of persistence in the production environment.
The QREC strains were originally collected as part of the NORM-VET program in 2014 , and originated from broiler caecal samples (n = 85) and retail chicken meat (n = 73).
All strains were stored at − 80 °C in brain heart infusion broth (BHI; Difco, BD, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) supplemented with 15% glycerol (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany) and recovered on blood agar (sheep blood) at 37.0 ± 1.0 °C overnight. The bacterial cultures were then transferred into Luria-Bertani broth (LB; Merck) and incubated statically overnight at 37.0 ± 1.0 °C. LB without NaCl (LBwo/NaCl; Bacto-tryptone 10 g/liter, yeast extract 5 g/liter) was used as the test broth in the biofilm assays.
Determination of phylotypes
All isolates were subjected to phylotyping using multiplex PCR as described previously . The isolates were classified into phylotype A, B1, B2 or D. An isolate belonging to the B2 group, (E. coli2003500827) producing amplicons with all four primer sets, was included as positive control in each PCR run and milli-Q water was used as negative control.
Biofilm production on polystyrene (microtiter plate assay)
Biofilm production on polystyrene was measured in the microtiter plate assay and performed as described previously using 96-well Nunc™ Nunclon™ microtiter plates (Nunc A/S, Roskilde, Denmark). In short, 30 μL of an overnight culture were added to 100 μL LBwo/NaCl in three parallel wells of a microtiter plate. The microtiter plates were incubated statically for 2 days at 20.0 ± 1.0 °C. Room temperatures are generally 10–16 °C during slaughter and 8–10 °C during further processing. In chicken houses, the temperature is gradually decreased to 20 °C as the chicken grow. Based on earlier studies, the chosen test temperature and incubation time is believed to give a representative measure of the biofilm forming abilities of the strains within the temperature range used during production [14, 34]. After incubation, the wells were washed with tap water, stained with 1% crystal violet solution (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) for 30 min at room temperature, and washed at least three times with tap water to remove excess dye. The remaining dye was dissolved in ethanol-acetone (70:30, vol/vol) for 10 min at room temperature, and the absorbance at 595 nm (A595) (Multiscan MS; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA) was measured. The assay was performed four times for all strains. In each assay, the results were calculated by subtracting the median A595 of the three parallel control wells (test broth only) from the median A595 of the three parallel sample wells. Finally, the mean A505 value of all four assays were calculated for each strain. A595 values higher than three standard deviations of the negative controls were classified as positive for biofilm production . The results of different groups were compared using a Mann Whitney test if no other test is specified, and p-values ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Biofilm morphotyping was performed as previously described methods with slight modifications . In brief; 1 μL of overnight culture was inoculated onto CR agar plates, i.e. LB agar without NaCl containing 40 μg/mL Congo Red (Merck) and 20 μg/mL Coomassie brilliant blue (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO). After inoculation, the CR agar plates were incubated at 20.0 ± 1.0 °C. All plates were visually examined after 2, 6 and 8 days of incubation, and the morphotypes were categorized as: RDAR - indicating expression of curli fimbriae and cellulose, PDAR - indicating expression of cellulose but not fimbriae, BDAR - indicating expression of fimbriae but not cellulose, and SAW - indicating expression of neither cellulose nor fimbriae.
Mixed biofilm production on glass slides
Six strains, two of each of the morphotypes RDAR, BDAR and PDAR, were used for these experiments (Table 4). Twelve different pairs of the combinations RDAR + BDAR, RDAR + PDAR and BDAR + PDAR were tested (Table S1). For each pair, overnight cultures of the two strains were mixed in the ratios 30:70, 50:50 and 70:30. From each mixture, as well as from the overnight cultures of the single strains, 200 μL were inoculated into sterile centrifuge tubes (Sarstedt AG & Co KG, Nürnbrecht, Germany) containing 5 mL LBwo/NaCl. An autoclaved microscope slide (76 by 26 mm; (Menzel GmbH + CoKG, Braunschweig, Germany) was placed in each tube. The tubes were incubated at 20.0 ± 1.0 °C for 2 days. During incubation, biofilm was formed on both sides of the microscope slides at the liquid-air interface. After incubation, total cfu was enumerated in the planktonic phase in the growth medium by serial dilutions and spreading on CR agar plates. To enumerate the bacteria in the biofilms, these were washed three times in sterile saline to remove loosely adhered bacteria. Thereafter, the biofilms were removed by scraping with a sterile cell scraper (BD Falcon, Bedford, MA, USA) and transferred to sterile reagent tubes containing 5 mL sterile saline and 20 glass beads (3 mm; Assistent, Glaswarenfabrik Karl Hecht GmbH & Co KG, Bavaria, Germany). The tubes were vortexed at 2000 rpm for 1 minute before the solutions were serial diluted in sterile saline and spread on CR agar plates. All plates were incubated at 37.0 ± 1.0 °C for 24 h. After incubation, the number of cfu of each strain was counted. The strains were differentiated by their morphotype. All experiments were performed twice. A two-tailed Students’ t test were used in statistical analyses on these results, and p-values ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Mixed biofilm production on CR agar plates
The same strains, pairs and ratios as in the glass slide assay were used in the CR agar plate assay. When inoculating single strains, 1 μL of overnight culture was used. For each pair of strains, 1 μL from each mixture of overnight cultures was inoculated. All inoculations were made in parallel. The CR agar plates were incubated at 20.0 ± 1.0 °C for 10 days, and the plates were visually examined every day the first 4 days, and every third day thereafter. All experiments were performed twice.
Availability of data and materials
The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Brown, dry and rough (biofilm morphotype)
Pink, dry and rough (biofilm morphotype)
Quinolone resistant Escherichia coli
Red, dry and rough (biofilm morphotype)
Smooth and with (non-biofilm morphotype)
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The work of bachelor students Charlotte B. Andersen, Linn F. Hansen, Iselin H. Ophus, June G. Skaalvik and Kine Stenerud is highly appreciated.
This study was funded by the The Research Council of Norway (projects 221663 and 250212) and the Norwegian Veterinary Institute. None of the funding bodies was involved in the design of the study, collection of material, analysis, interpretation of data, or writing the manuscript.
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The percentage and mean A595 of biofilm positive strains (A595 > 0.085) in the microtiter plate assay, in total material and within each morphotype. Means with different letters are statistically different (p ≤ 0.05). Table S2. Comparison of biofilm production by isolates from chicken caecal and retail meat samples, as indicated by A595 in the microtiter plate assay, in the total material and within phylotypes. Table S3. Pairs of strains (as indicated by X) used in studies on mixed biofilms in the glass slide assay and CR plate assay. Table S4. Mean total log10 cfu ± standard deviation in biofilm and planktonic phase the glass slide assay after incubation of single strains and pairs of strains. Table S5. Comparison of mean log10 cfu by each morphotype in single strain and mixed biofilms. The means are based on data from all combinations of strains and inoculation ratios. “BDAR” includes both BDAR strains, “PDAR” includes both PDAR strains, AND “RDAR” includes both RDAR strains. Figure S1. Distribution of morphotypes within each phylotype and in the total material.
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Nesse, L.L., Osland, A.M., Mo, S.S. et al. Biofilm forming properties of quinolone resistant Escherichia coli from the broiler production chain and their dynamics in mixed biofilms. BMC Microbiol 20, 46 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-020-01730-w
- Quinolone resistance
- E. coli
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St Sigismund parish
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Martyrology of the clergy — Poland
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Louis (pl. Alojzy)
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Mărășeștitoday: Vrancea Cou., Romania
details of death
In 1915/6, during I World War, drafted into German army.
On 18.02.1916 — together with co‑student Felix Magulski, among others — sent to Pirna in Saxony where some units, mainly field artillery, of one of the Royal Saxony Corps (XII or XIX) of German 3rd Army were forming.
Perished on the front in Romania, after this country entered war on 27.08.1916 on the Allies side — at the biggest battle of the World War I on Romanian front of Mărăşeşti (06.08‑08.09.1917), during which Romanian forces supported by the Russians stopped joint German and Austrian offensive — hit by a grenade shrapnel (27,000 Romanians and 47,000 Germans and Austrians perished in the battle).
Buried on Frunzoaia military cemetery n. Țifești.
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Zaborzetoday: districts of Zabrze, Zabrze city pow., Silesia voiv., Poland
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We know that computers have beat humans in chess, that was a great breakthrough and a milestone in AI.
The worlds strongest AI for chess, called Stockfish was recently dethroned by a deep reinforcement AI by Googles DeepMind called AlphaZero.
Here is a walkthrough of the third game further explanation on chess.com “How Does AlphaZero Play Chess?”
Titta på AlphaZero vs Stockfish Chess Match: Game 3 från Chess på www.twitch.tv
If you are building a robot driven by Raspberry Pi and want to use image recognition and object detection you may want to look into Googles Mobile Nets platform which lets you do use a several mobile-first computer vision models for TensorFlow, combined with an Intel Movidius Neural Compute Stick on a Rasrberry PI 3. The MobileNets platform is designed to be run on resource conservative devices while maintaining accuracy and the latter will give you an order of magnitude more compute power than running the detection on the raspberrys CPU. | <urn:uuid:7579e31d-01e7-49b6-a49d-fe45b3f8a427> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bskog.com/ai/2017/12/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.917769 | 215 | 2.09375 | 2 |
France Backs Down on Gender Ideology Confrontation --- Philippe Zeller Will Be Ambassador to Vatican
(Paris) France's new ambassador to the Holy See is Philippe Zeller. The appointment was preceded by a lengthy tug of war. Early in 2015 the professing homosexual career diplomat Laurent Stefanini had been appointed by the Socialist government in Paris. This was widely perceived as an open provocation against the Catholic Church and a propaganda campaign for normalizing aberrosexuality.
The Vatican Secretariat of State rejected Stefanini because of hissexual disorder, although the Archbishop of Paris Cardinal André Vingt-Trois, had supported appointment.
Already in 2007, the designated appointment, Frank Eich Kuhn-Delforge had been rejected by the Vatican for his depraved way of life as an ambassador.
In April 2015 , Pope Francis the rejected seeing Stefanini in audience, however, reiterated the no to his accreditation. It is not quite clear whether the rejection was made because of his homosexuality, or because the French government tried to coerce the Vatican ideologically with his person. Officially, the Vatican never commented on the issue.
Shortly after, France demonstratively confirmed Stefaninis as ambassador to the Holy See. Since the Vatican refused accreditation, Stefanini remained an ambassador without portfolio, as France had to be represented in Rome by an executive diplomat.
Observers have assumed that French President François Hollande would not back down for reasons of prestige, and the question could be thus be held off until after the presidential election in 2017.
After one year, there has been a turning point. After 18 months of vacancy, the government in Paris has dispensed Stefaninis' appointment as various French media has unanimously reported. The new Ambassador to the Holy See is to be the career diplomat Philippe Zeller, who is currently Ambassador of France in Canada.
Zeller, born in 1952, is one of the graduating class "Pierre Mendès France" (1978) of the Ecole Nationale d'Aministration (ENA), which forms the cadre of the French civil service. In the same year he entered the service of the Foreign Ministry. In 2010 he was made an Officer of the Legion of Honor.
Philippe Zeller is married, father of two children and grandfather. | <urn:uuid:c9a902ed-56f6-4561-92cf-98ecab84190d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theeponymousflower.com/2016/05/france-backs-down-on-gender-ideology.html?showComment=1463215994328 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.970622 | 465 | 1.765625 | 2 |
BLOCK LEVEL LOGIC DIAGRAM FOR A 4 BIT SERIAL ADDER
Block diagram - Wikipedia
A block diagram is a diagram of a system in which the principal parts or functions are represented by blocks connected by lines that show the relationships of the blocks. They are heavily used in engineering in hardware design, electronic design, software design, and process flow diagrams. Block diagrams are typically used for higher level, less detailed descriptions
What is Block Diagram – Everything You Need to Know
A flow block diagram is different from a general block diagram. It illustrates the functional flow of a system in a step-by-step process flow by adding elements and activities in a time-sequenced manner. This diagram is commonly used to represent complex systems. With a flow block diagram, the reader can easily understand the internal structure.
LabVIEW Block Diagram Explained - NI
Feb 04, 2020Indicators receive their values from block diagram logic and pass data from the block diagram to the front panel. Constants pass data to the object to which they are wired. If more than one running top-level VI uses the VI, the button is dimmed. Caution: The Abort Execution button stops the VI immediately before it finishes the current
What is Microprocessor: Block Diagram, Evolution, Working,
Block Diagram of a Microcomputer. A microprocessor consists of an ALU, control unit and register array. bit microprocessor which could perform arithmetic and logic operations on 8-bit words. It was Intel 8008, and another improved version was Intel 8088. It contains second level cache also,3.3 V: Pentium II: 1997: 32-bit--
555 Timer IC-Block Diagram-Working-Pin Out Configuration
Aug 28, 20184. Block Diagram. 5. Working Principle. 6. a 555 timer can also be used in dc-dc converters, digital logic probes, waveform generators, analog frequency meters and tachometers, A negative pulse with a dc level greater than Vcc/3 is applied to this terminal. In the negative edge, as the trigger passes through Vcc/3, the output of the
UART Communication : Block Diagram and Its Applications
UART Block Diagram The UART block diagram consists of two components namely the transmitter & receiver that is shown below. The transmitter section includes three blocks namely transmit hold register, shift register and also control logic. Likewise, the receiver section includes a receive hold register, shift register, and control logic.
8051 Microcontroller : Architecture, Block Diagram and
Jul 30, 2019The 8051 Microcontroller is one of the basic types of microcontrollers, designed by Intel in 1980s. This microcontroller was based on Harvard Architecture and developed primarily for use in embedded systems technology. Normally, this microcontroller was developed using NMOS technology, which requires more power to operate.
Amplitude Shift Keying : Block Diagram, Working and Its
Apr 16, 2020This is because the carrier waves switch between 0 and 1 according to the high and low level of the input signal. Amplitude Shift Keying Here, (i) represents the digitalized input sequence or message signal (ii) represents the carrier wave of higher amplitude and frequency and (iii) represents the ASK modulated wave.
Department of Physics - SMU
Apr 22, 2022Physics is the study of space, time, energy, and matter. Physicists try to ask and answer, in a verifiable and reproducible way, the deepest questions about the origin, nature, and fate of the universe.
State Transition Diagram - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
At state 3 and input (Data_In) is a logic 1: state changes to state 4. Synthesis tools produce just a block diagram and state transition diagram for state machines; Gate-level implementations of the divide-by-3 FSM were shown in Section 3.4.2. Figure 4. | <urn:uuid:ae8d8043-e11d-4c5d-896a-fe8d359ecfa2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://electrowiring.herokuapp.com/post/block-level-logic-diagram-for-a-4-bit-serial-adder | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.895909 | 816 | 3.53125 | 4 |
Once the United States entered World War I in 1917, names in the newspapers and on the moving picture rolls became part of the American lexicon: the Western Front, Prussia, Alsace-Lorraine and Flanders, among others. Battlefields like the Somme, Verdun and Ypres stirred the imagination and stoked the fears of many. Australians, New Zealanders and Serbs traveled across the country training the rookies. Doughboys would be transported to Brest,
France, reviewed by King George V of England, discover the Meuse River and die as far away as Murmansk, Russia.
The Navy patrolled the East Coast for German submarines, called U-boats, and protected the waters around Gibraltar and Corfu. Atlantic convoy duty shepherded merchant and transport ships across enemy-infested waters. The Navy sank a German submarine, U-58, off what is now Cobb, Ireland. Floating explosive mines were placed in the North Sea.
In 1917, the world map got a lot bigger for Americans. But those who served overseas took their family and cultural traditions with them, including their celebration of Christmas.
The first mention of the holiday by an American “over there” came from Frederic Coleman, a volunteer serving with the 2nd Cavalry Brigade Headquarters, British Expeditionary Force.
“A couple of Somerset (infantry) bandsmen told me a day or so after Christmas (1914) what occurred at Ploegsteert on Christmas Day,” he wrote. “A German bloke had a cornet, and he could play it grand. He just made it talk. The songs and the tunes the cornet feller played seemed more and more like ones we knew. At last came that cornet with ‘Home, Sweet Home’ and nobody could keep still, we all sang – Huns, English and all. As day broke the Somersets saw the Saxons on top of their trenches. Soon they called out, ‘Come over and visit us, we are Saxons.’ No shots were fired. Some of our chaps changed cigars and cigarettes with them Huns and had talks of all sorts of things.”
Two and a half years later, the United States joined the fight, and many thought the war would be over by Christmas. That didn’t happen, though, and doughboys made the most of the holiday wherever they were at. In a letter from France, one soldier described that first Christmas overseas: “Like every other outfit that was well quartered, we had a tree up in the square and presents for all the French youngsters .... Three of my Christmas packages came on Christmas Eve ... smokes and eats and socks and all the things I had been hankering for ever since my arrival.”
Folks at home could send packages to troops overseas as long as they were 3 pounds or less and no larger than 9 inches by 4 inches by 3 inches. Packages were sent free of charge from Hoboken, N.J. Perishable items were discouraged; the most requested items were cigarettes, tobacco, warm clothing items, soap and anti-flea (cooties) powder.
Santa Claus even made appearances among American troops, delivering treats of the season. One YMCA volunteer, Don R. Guthrie, arrived in a full red outfit, complete with a wispy cotton beard and a papier-mâché mask, ironically made in Germany in 1912. His outfit is in the collection of the National World War I Museum and Memorial in Kansas City, Mo.
On Dec. 20, 1918, Stars and Stripes reported that “the Commander-in-Chief of the Army of the United States (President Woodrow Wilson) will be with his troops on Christmas Day. He will take his Christmas dinner in the A.E.F. training area. He will tell them something of his future plans for their welfare and that of the country which they have so well served.”
Army nurse Florence Edith Hemphill, serving with a British hospital, wrote her sister on Dec. 17, 1918, that she bought 12 pounds of chocolate from the American commissary in Paris for her patients for Christmas. “I don’t have any idea when I will be coming home,” she wrote. “Think there will be a change the first of the year, but whether I am sent home or not I don’t know. Would rather like to go on into Germany (with the occupation forces).”
The 1918 Christmas dinner menu for Base Hospital 202, American Expeditionary Forces in Orléans, France, included “roast young turkey, sage dressing, mashed potatoes, creamed carrots, lettuce salad, fruit cake, chocolates, English walnuts and coffee.” This was a far cry from the doughboy’s normal fare of hard tack and coffee or slum (a stew of beef, potatoes, onions and carrots) and dessert of a spoonful of Karo syrup.
During the Allied occupation of Germany following the armistice, American troops in Coblenz raised a Christmas tree in front of the government building. Covered in long strands of lights, it brightened the area after dusk. As live music entertained the large crowd of soldiers and German civilians, local children received paper trumpets and other goodies pulled from soldiers’ pockets. For the first time in years, the windows were lit, and a lighted cross was placed on top of the building.
In a letter dated Dec. 24, 1918, Sgt. 1st Class Charles Stevenson of Company A, 314th Engineers, 89th Division, wrote, “Just a few feet from me are members of a typical German family, throwing up a tiny Christmas tree, decorating it thoroughly in accordance with all respect due to the famed Christmas tree.”
For American servicemen and women in World War I, far from home and hearth, Christmas still managed to bring some joy and peace.
Doran Cart is senior curator at the National World War I Museum and Memorial in Kansas City, Mo. | <urn:uuid:10821e7c-1444-4bbc-aab8-6cf6da4f78df> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.legion.org/magazine/239996/christmas-front | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.970137 | 1,269 | 3.21875 | 3 |
Now-a-days if a concern wants to run it is wholly dependent on the clients. As in the earlier times at that place was non so much competition in the market as compared to the present market. Before if the consumer wants to purchase anything from the market he had really few picks as it was the retail merchants monopoly that what goods he want to sell and consequently to that the consumer have to buy that things.
But compared to that state of affairs the whole market has been now changed, the consumers are now become knowing. Due to globalization in the market and because of that we can see different companies who are establishing same merchandise in the market. There is batch of competition in the market with a little alteration in the monetary value of merchandise. Because of these consumer takes advantage of all these things he visits all the stores compares the monetary value and so harmonizing to his will he buy the good from the store he wish to purchase.
These is the channel power which has been changed a batch in the coming few old ages which has a consequence on the consumers and now the same job has to be faced by the retail merchants. In this essay we will concentrate on the channel power and the premier aim will be based on who has the more influence on whom.
The channel power is based on the supply concatenation direction. There are assorted participants which play a major in conveying effectivity to the rhythm. Supply can be described as follows,
Beginning: hypertext transfer protocol: //dspace.mit.edu accessed on 17th March 2010
In which every measure is of import and the research subject will emphasis on the channel power between retail merchant and the consumer.
If we take illustration of retail supermarket there is batch of competition in these market. Retail supermarket is the concern which is ne’er affected by the recession and recognition crunch. As nutrient is the basic necessity of the human being and they will come to buy something or the other and therefore the concern runs. There are assorted ace markets like Tesco, Sainsbury ‘s, Asda, Marks and Spencers, Morrisons, etc. These are the assorted organizers which are in the squad of the retail merchants which are playing the same function in fulfilling the clients and to be effectual in it. The another portion which is taking topographic point is the clients who visits all these supermarkets compares all the merchandises and so decides that from where he can the things cheap and if any offer is available so that he can buy from it.
So the research subject will be underscoring on the channel power between the client and the retail merchants. And at the terminal portion we will reason that who has the more power in the channel.
Reappraisal of literature:
Selling is the basic beginning through which the concern could thrive and hence some of them made statement such as,
Selling is non about supplying merchandises or services it is indispensable about supplying altering benefits to the altering demands and demands of the client. ”
This was said by P. Tailor harmonizing to him selling is merely non doing people or client aware of the merchandise and sell that merchandise furthermore he emphasises on the demands of the client that means when a client purchases a merchandise he must be satisfied by the merchandise and he must be gain benefit from the merchandise. This could take to client ‘s satisfaction which is the premier aim of the selling.
Power is defined as the ability of one channel member to command determination variables in the selling scheme of another member in the channel operating at another degree. ”
This statement was given by Stern, El-Ansary & A ; Coughlan in the year1996 and they mean to state that in the supply concatenation procedure it is the ability of one of the member to command the other or to run the other. This can be explained as the maker will ever demo a power on the distributer that he has to sell the merchandise or distribute that merchandise for higher committee. Hence this is the power that is influenced on the distributer.
Power is derived from assorted power beginnings or bases such as coercive power, legitimate power, referent power, adept power and information power. ”
Power is the word which is originated from assorted powers which includes assorted powers such as coercive power, legitimate power, referent power, adept power and information power. This was s was stated by Gallic and Raven in 1959 and so once more it was done by Raven and Kruglanski in 1970.
The direction procedure responsible for placing, expecting and fulfilling client demands profitableness. ”
On the footing of P. Tailor, The Chartered Institute of Marketing made a statement in which they tried to explicate that the direction is responsible for placing anticipating and fulfilling clients demands. This means that the direction must affect themselves with the clients to cognize what the clients want and what their demands are. These gave another way and harmonizing to this Customer Relationship Management ( CRM ) and Customer Expectancy Management ( CEM ) came into being. These are the two parts which are interacting straight with the clients in placing, expecting and fulfilling the client. Once the client is satisfied so the administration can automatically give net income and this could take to the successful concern.
During 1958, Forester put frontward the theory of distribution direction in which he tried to explicate that the direction will be affected if they do non look for the connexions between flows of information, stuffs, money, and manpower and capital equipment. He said that if they do n’t place these things it can take to the loss of an administration. Sing these 5 things after few old ages in 1997 Cooper and etal, La Londe ( 1997 ) and Ross ( 1998 ) worked and they found these subject as really of import and so this subdivision of selling became a ‘hot subject ‘ which has every portion such as fabrication, distribution, selling, client direction and transit which are the parts of Supply Chain Management ( SCM ) . Because of this and the globalization which took topographic point during this clip, clients benefited a batch because of this. The coordination of companies were found to be effectual and the clients started demanding merchandises systematically which were delivered faster to them as Just in Time ( JIT ) which is a portion of SCM, therefore the merchandise bringing was faster and more dependable. Furthermore the merchandises were defect free and hence clients were satisfied as the demanded merchandise was delivered quicker, on clip and with no harm. Harmonizing to Cooper and Ellram 1993 ; La Londe and Masters 1994 ; Lambert, Stock, and Ellram 1998, supply concatenation direction can be defined as,
Several independent houses are involved in fabricating a merchandise and puting it in the custodies of the terminal user in a supply concatenation – natural stuff and constituent manufacturers, merchandise assembly programs, jobbers, retail merchant merchandisers and transit companies all are members of supply concatenation. ”
The chief issue of the subject will be based on whether the society is merchandise driven or market driven. This means in a supply concatenation direction, the retail merchants focus more toward the merchandise which must be branded effectual, efficient to fulfill clients need and if the client purchases it so that merchandise will hold more value in the market and hence the competition is more towards the effectivity of the merchandise. On the other side if the society is market driven so this will more concentrate on the external forces which includes clients, providers, competition etc.
This can be explained with the illustration in which some of the merchandises needs batch of marketing to do their merchandise successful in the market while in other instance some merchandises if they are launched the selling portion is done automatically. Google which is a hunt engine which started in 1998 became worldwide without taking batch of attempts in selling ; likewise if we take another company such as coke which is day-to-day drink have to make selling for the merchandise with celebrated personalities. Even though the merchandise was launched far earlier but till day of the month they have to pass money on the selling of the merchandise. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.google.com )
If we take another illustration of Apple iPods and comparison with Sony Mp3 participants we can see that the apple merchandises are non act uponing marketing while the Sony are seting much of their attempts in the selling of their merchandises. Apple which was in the market from long clip ago and was dominant in the market was selling its iPods which made them successful and made them to make their trade name name and people were attached to the trade name. There were batch of extensions made in merchandise development. At first, it was the lone one company which was involved in the fabrication of the merchandises. Subsequently on Sony started doing iPods which were termed as Mp3 participants which came in the market and they became rivals as the clients were holding pick in buying from both the companies and now Sony is taking in the market of amusement media due to be effectual and merchandise design. Hence, this is market driven when there was no competition Apple was taking and the created their name and trade name but every bit shortly as Sony and other companies came there was better pick for clients and this was market driven. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.macworld.co.uk )
Channel power is the power between the channel member and this is the premier focal point of the subject where we are aiming the channel power between retail merchant and the clients. So for these we will take assorted industries such as nutrient retail industries, vesture industries, touristry industry and car industries.
In today ‘s universe selling is the major subdivision in which every individual is seeking to fulfill and carry through the client ‘s demands if nutrient retail industry is taken as an illustration, there are assorted retail supermarket such as Asda, Tesco, Sainsbury ‘s, Morrison, Marks and Spenser ‘s, etc which are giants in the nutrient retail industries. The premier focal point of these administrations is to fulfill the clients because if they are doing clients happy in return they can derive concern from clients. For constructing relationship with clients they are holding client relationship direction section in which their squad is engaged with the clients to fulfill and carry through at that place needs. If the clients are non happy with any of the service they can track and alter their scheme. So the chief aim is the client. As there is competition between the retail markets the monetary value of the goods that are placed in stores are ever with comparing, adverting the monetary value ticket of the rival. For illustration if monetary value of juice is ?1.50 so the monetary value ticket in Tesco will be our monetary value ?1.50 asda monetary value ?1.60, in that instance client sees the benefit and attempts to catch that offer. There are assorted offers which are seen in the market for competition between each other
( Instore walk Tesco and Asda, April 2010 ) .
Customers can non wait for longer waiting line for payment and hence they brought EPOS which is Electronic Point of Sale where the goods are holding spines with specific barcode and on the footing of that when the client is at till the goods are scanned and the monetary value is automatically captured and added which helps client with the quicker purchases. The other best thing for the retail merchant and because of which client every bit good as retail merchant are benefited is supply concatenation direction which is holding Just in clip stage where the retail merchants do n’t hold to stack the full point and goods, the lone thing they have to make is merely have to demo one point in the show, and if the client wishes to purchase that point they can do it available with following few hours and therefore the clients are more contented with this technique and manner of attack. Here all the things which take topographic point are in the favor of client and to fulfill his demands.
If we take another industry which is dressing industry, there are assorted administrations such as Primark, Peacock, Asda, etc which are in the vesture industries. These are the administrations which are selling apparels at a really sensible rate which can accommodate C2, D and E group of people. The other administrations which are involved in the vesture industries is BHS, Marks and Spencers, John Lewis etc which are higher end administrations and which are selling materials to the group of people which are in the group such as A, B and C1. Here the chief purpose of the industry is to supply fabrics which are designed with a new manner and manner with a voguish expression with inexpensive or sensible rate instead doing it excessively expensive. As compared in the market, which comprises of about about 70 % of people are in working category which would believe to buy things at a really sensible rate instead than buying apparels at an expensive rate. In this industry besides the chief purpose of the administration is to fulfill the basic demand of the client and do them happy. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bip.rcoe.gov.uk )
On the other manus if we take car industry which is the most effectual industry in the market. Though recognition crunch or recession which is observed in the market, still the people are purchasing newer versions of the autos. There are assorted automobile industries such as Mercedes, Lexus, Volkswagen, Renault, Honda, etc. This industry is besides involved in fulfilling the clients with their demand and comfort-ability. They are more towards the merely in clip production where they can present the merchandise to the clients rapidly and because of which they can fulfill the client. Furthermore to be in the market they are offering assorted offers to the clients which are related to the car such as free service for several months, free lavation, free MOT, etc which are the selling scheme which helps them to capture the clients and the market.thi is besides the retail market but the premier aim is to pull the clients which in bend helps them to capture their concern.
The other concern is travel and touristry which is besides turning a batch in these yearss inspite of being economical status down the market. There are assorted companies which are offering vacation bundles, escapade bundles, tourer bundles, etc. These are all travel and touristry industries which are turning twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours because batch of people like to go either for their leisure, official trip or escapade. The chief purpose is to pull the clients they are utilizing EFTPOS ( Electronic Fund Transfer Point Of Sale ) where the clients can book at that place ticket and do there reserves through online and can pay through debit. This is the best thing that they can offer to the clients because of which the clients can salvage their clip in sing the office every bit good as they can book their ticket online. This is the best scheme which came in usage and now they are holding competition sing inexpensive and sensible rates that they offer the clients. Hence this industry besides has an oculus on the clients for their concern to develop.
After discoursing the whole study we can come to conclusion that in the present market each and every industry is concentrating towards the client as they are the Centre of attractive force and because of them merely the concern is running. We have taken illustrations of the nutrient retail industry, vesture industry, car industry and travel and touristry industry where we came to conclusion that each and every industry is holding focus on the clients where, the clients play a critical function and the retail merchants have to fulfill their demands efficaciously and expeditiously in order to do them happy and satisfied. Hence we can reason that the power is in the custodies of the clients which are governing the market and the society is market driven
Harmonizing to Morgan and Hunt ( 1994 ) spouses that deliver superior benefits will be extremely valued and houses will perpetrate themselves to set uping, developing and keeping relationships with such spouses. These means that co-operation is the lone thing that both must anticipate that is clients from retail merchants and vice-versa. Both the groups are straight influenced by relationship committedness and trust. Therefore on the footing of this retail merchants are looking for fulfilling clients in each and every facet so that they can hold good concern. Hence to be effectual and efficient in the market we have develop trust in the clients and do them loyal.
Retailers must be more communicative, committed and co-operative with the clients as they are the opinion powers because if they are non satisfied they will travel to another retail merchant and which will ensue in loss of client and concern.
Effective channel power improves degree of satisfaction and co-operation among members and finally improves channel effectivity and efficiency. | <urn:uuid:1959bffe-bbcd-48c9-b5d1-90f9e8f05b29> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://rocketpapers.net/essay/the-distribution-of-product-from-raw-material-marketing-essay-25457 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.9704 | 3,431 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Tax Lien Lawyers in Wetumpka
In Wetumpka, Alabama, a "lien" is a security interest placed on a piece of property, usually land or a house, to secure the payment of a debt. It generally gives a creditor the right to take ownership of any equity that exists in the property, to secure the payment of the debt. If the owner sells the property, the creditor may also be entitled to the funds of the sale, up to the amount owed. It can also give the holder of the lien a higher priority status, giving them an advantage over competing creditors, if the debtor files bankruptcy.
As you might have gathered, a "tax lien" is simply a lien placed on property by the IRS or Wetumpka, Alabama tax authorities, to collect taxes that the property-owner has failed to pay.
Of course, a tax lien in Wetumpka, Alabama isn't worth much more than the paper it's printed on if the debtor doesn't own any property of value, on which a lien could be placed. Nonetheless, a tax lien applies to property that the taxpayer obtains even after the lien is created. Obviously, this makes it quite a bit easier for the government to collect its taxes.
Tax Lien Procedure in Wetumpka, Alabama
The process of imposing a tax lien on property in Wetumpka, Alabama is usually fairly simple. The initial step is for the IRS or local tax agency to decide that a person actually owes back taxes, and that it is worth the effort to impose a lien.
Then, the IRS, or state tax authorities, send a "notice and demand," informing the taxpayer that they owe back taxes, and that they are obligated to pay their taxes within 10 days.
If that time period expires, and the debtor still hasn't paid, the Alabama tax lien will go into effect automatically, with no additional action required.
But, under federal law, there are limits to how tax liens can be enforced in Wetumpka, Alabama, and elsewhere. Generally, the IRS has 10 years to try and enforce a tax lien. If no effort is made to enforce a tax lien for 10 years, the lien is automatically lifted, and the lien holder loses all rights in it. This rule exists to ensure that the government collects its taxes in a reasonable time period, and it prevents valuable property (which could otherwise be contributing to the economy by being bought and sold) is not laded with a lien for an indefinite period of time.
How Can a Wetumpka, Alabama Tax Lien Lawyer Help?
If you receive notice from the federal government, or the government of Alabama that a tax lien has been imposed on your property, some pretty complicated legal issues are necessarily involved.
Therefore, it's important that you hire a tax attorney in Wetumpka, Alabama to ensure that whatever legal rights you have in this situation are defended. Your attorney will also be able to advise you on how to best deal with the situation. | <urn:uuid:b9e08681-4e02-4275-9be4-2b54e347f68c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://taxattorneys.legalmatch.com/AL/Wetumpka/tax-lien-lawyers.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.943074 | 629 | 1.867188 | 2 |
Potable files for pair-potential models may contain the following sections:
[Tabulation] ... [Pair] ... [Potential-Form] ... [Table-Form:NAME] ... [Species] ...
Each section may contain a number of configuration options. These have the general form:
ITEM : VALUE
or an equals sign may be used instead:
ITEM = VALUE
ITEM identifies the configuration option’s name and
VALUE its value.
Lines maybe commented out using
# and line continuation is supported according to identation (see here for more details).
Each section of the file has a specific purpose and not all sections will be required in all cases:
- [Pair] section
- this is where pair interactions are defined by parametrising a potential-form.
- [Table-Form] section
[Table-Form]sections may be specified. These allow potential-forms to be defined from tables of x,y points. These tabulated forms can be used in the same way as potnetials defined in
- this is used to provide meta-data about the species being tabulated. In most cases this section can be omitted (as very little species data is used during pair-tabulation). It is however, sometimes useful to include atomic charges etc, here so that the input file represents a complete description of a given potential model.
For completeness the
[EAM-Density] sections are mentioned here. These are not required for pair potential models but are used in many body models: | <urn:uuid:d6b6677e-cb80-4403-8ac2-08303d51957d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://atsimpotentials.readthedocs.io/en/latest/user_guide/file_structure.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.847248 | 388 | 2.0625 | 2 |
I’m not much for Twitter, and though I do have an account, it is mostly retweets or these blog posts. However, one of my favourite people to follow on Twitter is C.G. Drews (@PaperFury). She is the author of A Thousand Perfect Notes and The Boy Who Steals Houses. I have not read either title, but I am in love with her Twitter feed. She regularly posts little lists about life as a writer and they are fabulous, hitting home with the writer within. So today, I wanted to share her Top Ten Tweets.
- On writing the perfect first sentence:
- On what true writers should do:
- On why writing a novel takes so long:
- On the writing process:
So there you have it! My Top Ten Tweets from C.G. Drews, but there are so many more where these came from. These are a small sampling of the incredible content on her Twitter. You can check her full page out here or search her on Twitter through her handle: @PaperFury. She is well worth the follow for readers and writers alike. | <urn:uuid:a8ce0bf8-7cfe-4a8f-aabf-2dd627020660> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://allisfairinloveandwriting.wordpress.com/2019/07/23/top-ten-tweets-from-c-g-drews-paperfury/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.960138 | 234 | 1.539063 | 2 |
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