Split (1)

train · 2M rows

text stringlengths 160 608k	id stringlengths 47 47	dump stringclasses 2 values	url stringlengths 13 2.97k	file_path stringlengths 125 140	language stringclasses 1 value	language_score float64 0.65 1	token_count int64 48 145k	score float64 1.5 5	int_score int64 2 5
I’m new to MongoDB and I have a question about Replica sets. At the moment, I have 2 sites and 4 mongodb databases in replica set; one primary, one secondary in site A and one secondary and one observer in site B. For reasons, I have to break the comms between the sites and turn the secondary in site B to act as a primary - write data to it. I will have to rejoin the sites and re-establish the replica set later. My question is if I remove a member (secondary in site 2) from the replica set, break the comms between site A and B and then write data to the secondary database in site B, then re-add the member to the replica set to be replicated from the primary database in site A, would there be any data corruption? All members of a replica set share a common write history. You can remove a member from a replica set and use that in standalone mode or as the seed for another replica set, but that creates a divergent write history. You cannot re-add that member to the original replica set without re-syncing or rolling back the writes (which would undo your goal of writing data to this member). If you want to merge data back into a single replica set, you will have to backup and restore the relevant data. Merging may be difficult if you have updated the same collections (or documents!) in different deployments. Yes the problem is the primary and one secondary will continue to work in site A, data being written to the primary. Then in site B after the link to site A is broken, data will also be written to the ex-secondary-now-primary database. However, data written to site B primary is of zero importance because I am doing this only for testing purposes for site B. So if I did the above and re-add that primary from site B to the original replica set, would it automatically be synced with the original primary from site A? No, as per my earlier comment you’ve now created two replica sets that happen to have the same name but have diverged in history. Any independent writes on site B cannot be automatically reconciled with site A. There can only be a single primary (and timeline of write history) for a given replica set. If you re-added members from B to replica set A and they still had an oplog entry in common, the members rejoining as a secondary would attempt to rollback to the common point (before history diverged) to make the members consistent. Documents that are rolled back are exported to BSON for manual reconciliation. If rollback isn’t possible, the members would have to be re-synced. If you want to merge data, you need to identify the changed data and use mongodump and mongorestore to load the relevant data into a single deployment. " If you re-added members from B to replica set A and they still had an oplog entry in common, the members rejoining as a secondary would attempt to rollback to the common point (before history diverged) to make the members consistent." Does this process occur independently? Or does it need human interaction? “Documents that are rolled back are exported to BSON for manual reconciliation.” I’m confused. which documents? Those in the original PRIMARY node or those in fake PRIMARY node? Are you talking about the documents that are written into the fake PRIMARY node or the ones in original PRIMARY node? " If rollback isn’t possible, the members would have to be [re-synced]" @Oscar_A To be clear, I would not recommend the approach you are trying to take (splitting and attempting to merge two versions of a replica set). If you want to preserve all writes, manual effort will be required. Replica sets intentionally only allow a single primary and history of changes: breaking comms between members of a replica set does not change that fundamental requirement. Instead of merging members with different replica set histories, I would use mongodump and mongorestore to backup and restore the relevant data into a single replica set (assuming you have some way of identifying which data has been modified). The rollback process (which returns a replica set member to a consistent state) is attempted automatically, but the recovery of conflicting documents (which get exported as BSON files to a rollback directory) requires human intervention. Rollback is generally not desirable, especially if your application is expecting that data that has been written will not be reverted. For most use cases the goal is to Avoid Replica Set Rollbacks. A simplified example: Imagine you have updated fields in a document with on both replica set A and B (which originally were a single replica set). You re-add memberB from replica set B to A. Assume the primary remains a member from replica set A. NOTE: depending on how you reconfigured your replica sets and how their histories diverged, replica set B could have a newer replica set version and trigger A to rollback instead. If memberB no longer has an oplog entry in common with primaryA, it will be stuck in RECOVERING state and require manual intervention (re-sync) If memberB still has an oplog entry in common with primaryB, the rollback process will attempt to export all documents that have changed since that common point. These are the versions of the documents that are written to BSON rollback files. MemberB will fetch the current version of documents that were rolled back from primaryA. If the rollback process is successful, you then have to figure out what to do with the BSON files in the rollback data directory You will have the current version of the document in replica set A and the version exported from replicaB to a BSON file, but there may have been conflicting updates in the two different replica sets. Reconciling the rollback files will be a manual process. I’m referring to the BSON files exported in the rollback directory. Re-sync requires human interaction. You need to decide which approach you want to use to Resync a member of a replica set. Since re-sync also involves removing the existing data, you would not want this to happen automatically. I want to take this approach only to test something. Yes I want to re-add the fake Primary node into the original Replica Set and I don’t care about the data being written to it. I don’t have to retain what was written to the fake Primary node. I have also been doing some testing on Google Cloud environment. I have setup 4 VMs, each with 1 mongodb instance running. I have set up a Replica Set with them, using VM1 as the Primary by making it priority 4 and others 0. I isolated VM3 from the network, simulating an unavailable node. My plan was to somehow make it a standalone Primary and write data to it as part of testing. When testing is done, I was going to add it back to the original Replica Set and see if syncs (or manual re-sync it’d doesnt matter) from the original primary node, discarding the data written from the time when it was a Primary. I don’t care what happens to the data written to it when it was out of the Replica Set. Well I was not successful in doing so because I don’t know how to manually make it Primary or writable , assuming there is a way to do this. I’m stuck. Are you writing ephemeral data (like a cache)? It is otherwise unusual to want write availability without caring about saving the writes. If you’re fine discarding all writes, the safest path would be to: Restart the isolated member as a standalone (with the replSetName commented out in the config file). Write your data. Any writes in standalone mode will not be written to the oplog, so this violates consistency with the original replica set and the member should not be directly re-added to the original replica set. I am very cautious about the unexpected rollbacks and/or consistency issues too which is why I have to do this test in the first place. Due to poor infrastructure planning from the other team in the production environment, this kind of scenario have to happen for a test I am going run. Site 2 needs to be able to continue without the availability of Site 1 but because the mongodb databases from both Site 1 and 2 are comprising of single Replica Set, I need to prove that Site 2 can live on without Site 1 and the only way to do this, at this stage, is to force Site 2 Secondary to Primary. Then of course it needs to be proven that when Site 1 is available again, the Replica Set with both Site 1 and 2 machines will continue on without any adverse effects. “Are you writing ephemeral data (like a cache)? It is otherwise unusual to want write availability without caring about saving the writes.” No I need to be able to write into a database in the fake Primary. This is to test a feasibility of something… " Restart the isolated member as a standalone (with the replSetName commented out in the config file)." In my test environment, I checked in /etc/mongod.conf and there is nothing in #replication section, in Primary and Secondary node config files. I don’t understand because replica set is established and I have been writing data to it. " * Write your data. Any writes in standalone mode will not be written to the oplog, so this violates consistency with the original replica set and the member should not be directly re-added to the original replica set. I need to be able to write to the existing database in the fake Primary. So if I understand you correctly, I would have to first change the dbPath before running mongod and copy the database into that different dbPath and run the standalone from it? Can you elaborate on the scenario you are trying to test? I’m not clear on the goal, since you mention you are OK with discarding any writes to Site 2 (which seems contradictory to maintaining write availability). In a disaster scenario where Site 1 is fully unavailable, you have the manual administrative option of force reconfiguring Site 2 to accept writes. However, this is not intended to allow you to create two versions of the same replica set with different primaries and continuing writing to both. If you want to enable automatic failover from Site 1 to Site 2, your replica set config should have: I have just ran a test in my google cloud environment. 4 VMs, running one mongodb instances each. I have a replica set of thes 4 mongodb instances. VM1 is currently PRIMARY node. and VM2, 3 and 4 are SECONDARY. The replica set REPSET01 has one collection called RepCollection which I wrote test documents to it. the documents are replicated across all nodes. I isolated VM3 by adding some iptables rules on it’s own iptables to drop all traffic from VM1,2 and 4. Then I wrote data to the RepCollection via VM1 PRIMARY> node. I checked the RepCollection on VM2 and VM4, the data is instantly replicated. Then on VM3 I restarted mongod without -replSet option. I connected to itself and selected the RepCollection (I believe it became standalone as the cursor became > instead of SECONDARY>). I queried the contents db.RepCollection.find().pretty() and I saw all the documents replicated before it lost comms to the replica set exist, but not the data written to the RepCollection after I isolated it which makes sense. I inserted a document to the RepCollection of isolated VM3, checked it and it is there. Then I stopped mongod service. Then I stopped the iptables service wiping the temporary rules so VM3 has regained comms with the other VMs and thus the replica set. I started mongo with mongod --replSet “REPSET01” -f /etc/mongod.conf I connected to it and saw it became SECONDARY> again. Then I selected the RepCollection and queried the contents. As I expected I saw the data written to the RepCollection via VM1 after VM3 was isolated, is now replicated across VM3 node BUT to my surprise, VM3’s RepCollection ALSO retained the document written to it while in isolation state. So as far as I can understand, doing this test definitely creates dependencies. Is there a way to manually force replicate VM3 node to be the same as every other node in the Replica Set? To elaborate, I have site 1 and site 2. Site 1 has 2 VMs running one mongodb instance each. Site 2 has 2 VMs running one mongodb instance each. VM1, VM2 (Site1) and VM3, VM4 (Site 2) make up the Replica Set. Site 1 is running an application suite, lets call it QueryApp1. QueryApp1 is live and it is reading and writing data to the PRIMARY node of the Replica Set which is on VM1. Site 2 also has identical application suite, lets call it QueryApp2 which is NOT live at the moment. Site 2’s QueryApp2 has not undergone a complete test and I need to do it now. For reasons beyond my own imagination, someone has decided to go live with QueryApp1, using the replica set. Now I have to test the QueryApp2 and I cannot write anything to the PRIMARY but QueryApp2 still need a PRIMARY to read and write data to it as part of the testing. What I am trying to do is do a full functionality test on QueryApp2 without touching the actual PRIMARY. So because the read/write activity on QueryApp2 is only for testing, the written data can be discarded when testing is completed which is why I mentioned it does not need to be kept. I understand what I have tried to do, with asking all these stupid questions to you guys, is NOT advisable but I still need to find a way to test the QueryApp2. Is there an alternative wary to achieve this?	<urn:uuid:da18440a-0344-470c-85b8-9dbbae7b2420>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.mongodb.com/community/forums/t/removing-and-re-adding-a-replica-set-member/1620	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.953124	3,038	1.539063	2
In Maze (National Building Museum), 2014, dozens of tourists traversing a labyrinth are reduced to wisps during a two-minute exposure. By Julyssa Lopez Wherever Nancy Breslin goes, her pinhole camera follows. The little vintage box often sits inconspicuously on restaurant tables or windowsills, its aperture recording a softened version of everyday moments. Images from pinhole cameras, along with the toy cameras she sometimes uses, develop with an aesthetic that's like a natural version of Instagram. Their simplified or absent lenses—pinhole cameras are just a puncture in a lightproof box—produce distortions and leaking lights that give photos a hazy, dreamy quality coveted by iPhones everywhere. Only, Dr. Breslin, RES '87, discovered the style way before Valencia filters hit the mainstream. The former doctor and faculty member left her career in psychiatry to find a new muse. It came in the form of photography—but she was attracted to techniques that few people were pursuing before the advent of digital shooting. "As an artist, I don't want to capture the world how everybody else sees it, I want to show it to people in my own way," she says. "And things like the pinhole and toy camera are a little more whimsical." Dr. Breslin's first attempt, with a DIY pinhole camera, didn't work. A few years later, with a purchased one, she tried snapping a photo of a friend at lunch. This time, the image seemed to capture an alternate reality: the subject slightly off-center in the frame like a ghostly cloud, while the rest of the picture remained acutely in focus. Like ink blobs on a Rorschach test, the vapory blurs winding through her work allow viewers to bring their own experiences into the photograph. "These pictures are ambiguous and become a bit projective," she says. "You're seeing a kind of vague situation. It's not quite as literal so it becomes a little more imaginary, a little more fictional." 1 of 3A self portrait of the artist from a series called Square meals: A pinhole diary of eating out.	<urn:uuid:5a9e8586-cbf3-4088-9f09-f95e9f7d8ac6>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://archives.magazine.gwu.edu/toying-reality-0	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.967752	447	2.03125	2
The Importance of Compressor Oil Filtration The compressor oil filters task is to remove all wear-promoting impurities from the oil, but without separating the special additives. Dust and dirt in the compressor oil will end up between rotors and compressor element housing and result in damage to the rotors and thus performance loss. Since the compressor oil is also used for lubrication of the compressor element bearings, any dust will damage the rollers of the bearings. Wear of the bearings lead to increased rotor contact and will result in performance loss and reduced compressor element life. Further damage of the bearing rollers can result in cage-breakage and completely destroy the compressor element. Original Part compressor oil filters are particularly designed to meet the toughest running conditions of the compressor. It goes without saying that also the quality of the oil being used is important to guarantee good cooling and lubrication. For a long service life and trouble-free operation, original approved and endurance tested lubricant is highly recommended. No products were found matching your selection.	<urn:uuid:2465e3ec-094d-4b4c-a1c5-8e7daef327ca>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.fieldaircompressors.co.za/product-category/spare-parts-and-service-kits/consumables/oil-filters/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.94101	212	2.21875	2
Among the bizarre legacies of Prohibition, few are stranger than Napa’s ghost wineries. These were estates built during the wine boom of the late 19th century and abandoned when the consumption of alcohol became illegal. Some came roaring back (Far Niente, Ladera, Freemark Abbey), although a few never did. Palmaz Vineyards is one of those wineries. It was founded as Cedar Knoll Vineyard in 1881 by Henry Hagen, who had come to California in 1852 in search of gold and finally decided to seek it in liquid form. Hagen became one of Napa’s pioneers: his wines were served at the San Francisco Opera House, and his brandy won a medal at the 1889 Paris World’s Fair. The property boasted 450 acres of vines when he died in 1895, but those vines didn’t survive Prohibition. Cedar Knoll languished until the late 1990s when it was purchased by Julio Palmaz, a physician who invented the Palmaz Coronary Stent (possibly one of the few things better for the heart than red wine). He fell in love with Napa while completing his residency at the University of California at Davis and restored the estate along with his wife, Amalia. Today their three children are in charge of the property, which focuses on producing Cabernet Sauvignon from estate vineyards. The majority of the plantings are clustered around Mount George, west of Yountville, at elevations ranging from 400 to 1200 feet. The inviting nose of the 2012 Palmaz Napa Cabernet ($125) exudes whiffs of anise, stewed plums, minerals and mint. It enters the mouth smoothly, displaying good acidity, a crisp texture and supple tannins. Flavors of black raspberry jam and chocolate turn a bit earthy in the mid palate, framed by a firm mineral structure. Hints of anise and mint reappear on the long finish. For all its concentration and force, this is a remarkably graceful wine, and a seamless match with steak, lamb, stews and game dishes. Mark Spivak is the author of Iconic Spirits: An Intoxicating History (Lyons Press, 2012) and Moonshine Nation (Lyons Press, 2014); his first novel, Friend of the Devil, is forthcoming from Black Opal Books in Spring 2016. For more information, go to amazon.com	<urn:uuid:09beb9e7-183d-4d6a-8f6f-21c4d1ad8572>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.naplesillustrated.com/palmaz-vineyards/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.96732	507	1.6875	2
Because of the EU GDPR / DSGVO regulations it is recommended to run websites secured with SSL certificates, therefore using port 443 instead of 80. But especially in small organizations the port 443 has already been used, in most cases for the various tools of MS Exchange Server. Changing to alternative ports for certain services globally often is de facto not realizable, so one solution can be a webserver’s reverse proxy feature which I will explain here. This tutorial is tested with and should work with Ubuntu/Apache2 as public webserver, Windows 2016 Server for Exchange Server 2016 and Outlook 2016, using SSL certificates from Let’s Encrypt. Basically, our webserver will be our new public port 443 access point. It will handle all HTTPS web requests and will also forward data to Exchange if necessary. So in the end, we need to have valid SSL certificates on the webserver and on the Exchange server. For Exchange, we copy the certificate from the webserver and import it (creating it “live” on Exchange is hardly possible in this case due to the webserver’s needed proxy settings). Router / Firewall In your router config, create a new NAT rule which allows you to quickly switch incoming port 443 forwarding from mailserver to webserver. Do not enable it at this point, we will need that later. If you use external DNS providers with automatic HTTP(S) proxies to speed up your website like Cloudflare, you might want to disable it (at least the proxy features) for the time of the configuration process, as it can produces some unpredictable behaviour in combination with the browser cache, tests etc. Webserver / WordPress You might also want to temporarily disable plugins for first tests like WP Super Cache, Minify etc. to get immediate results of the changes. First we install Let’s Encrypt’s Certbot . Make a snapshot or backup before, then run it without any parameters. It shows a user friendly wizard which assists you in converting your existing Apache Virtual Hosts to SSL enabled websites. If everything runs fine, you have your websites easily prepared for HTTPS and Apache is configured automatically. Note for Cloudflare If you are using web cache/proxy services, certbot/letsencrypt might end with TLS handshake errors. certbot –preferred-challenges http Reverse Proxy for Exchange Create a new Apache configuration file for Exchange’s new reverse proxy: CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined Header always set X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN Header set Server Apache Header unset X-AspNet-Version Header unset X-OWA-Version Header unset X-Powered-By RequestHeader unset Expect early SetEnvIf User-Agent ".MSIE." value BrowserMSIE Header unset WWW-Authenticate Header add WWW-Authenticate "Basic realm=mail.example.com" #longer connection timeout to prevent activesync errors ProxyPass / https://exchange2016.example.local/ connectiontimeout=600 ProxyPassReverse / https://exchange2016.example.local/ #charset e.g. for german special chars Deny from all DirectoryIndex index.php index.html Options -Indexes +FollowSymLinks Allow from all SetEnv proxy-nokeepalive 1 SetEnv force-proxy-request-1.0 1 Allow from all BrowserMatch "MSIE [2-6]" nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0 # MSIE 7 and newer should be able to use keepalive BrowserMatch "MSIE [17-9]" ssl-unclean-shutdown We only need this reverse proxy on port 443, not 80. Make sure you really use local server names (e.g. for ProxyPass) which are always resolved to the server’s local IP (not the firewall ot public IP)! If not sure, you can also use IP addresses, SSL certs are not checked at this point. Otherwise you might experience senseless loopbacks. Enable the necessary Apache modules: Enable the new virtual host (a2ensite exchange). Re-run certbot, it should append lines to the file, e.g. “SSLCertificateFile”, keyfile, chainfile etc. Run “service apache2 reload” and check for errors. Change your site’s URLs to https://www.example.com within the admin area. In Exchange’s virtual directories, make sure you have basic authentification enabled (for OWA, EWS, …). Apache is not able to use NTLM mechanism, so we need this workaround. You can enable it either via Exchange Administrative Center -> Server -> Virtual Directories, or IIS, or Exchange Management Shell. Activate the new rule you created before, so port 443 is forwarded to your webserver instead of Exchange directly. Use Microsoft’s Analyzer to test Exchange connectivity features you need, e.g. Autodiscover, ActiveSync (e.g. mobile phones), Exchange Web Services (EWS) etc. Check your Apache logfiles for connection errors (500, timeouts, …). Check if your websites are loading fine via HTTPS URL in every browser. Parts of your sites might still contain HTTP links to scripts or graphics; in this case change the link to the more generic “//” to avoid browser warnings. Create a cronjob similar to this one: 0 0 1 * * /usr/bin/certbot renew --preferred-challenges http >> /var/log/letsencrypt-renew.log #(HTTP option only for e.g. Cloudflare) Because your Exchange Server also needs the certificate, but cannot request it itself any more, publish it on your webserver. Exchange will it download later for further processing. MAINDOMAIN=example.com #the first domain name letsencrypt uses (main CN) #conversion for exchange openssl pkcs12 -export -in $CERTPATH/$MAINDOMAIN/cert.pem -inkey $CERTPATH/$MAINDOMAIN/privkey.pem -out $SHARE/exch.p12 -password pass:$PW Also create a cronjob for it, which runs a few minutes after certbot. Create a PowerShell script which downloads the certificate from your webserver and imports it into Exchange Server: Add-PSSnapin exchange -ea 0 wget http://www/other/exch.p12 -OutFile $CertPath $ImportPassword = ConvertTo-SecureString $ImportPassword -AsPlainText -Force Import-ExchangeCertificate -FileName $CertPath -FriendlyName "example.com" -Password $ImportPassword -PrivateKeyExportable:$true \| Enable-ExchangeCertificate -Services "SMTP, IMAP, POP, IIS" –force Also create a scheduled task for it to make it run e.g. twice a week. Finally, you should have all your websites accessible via HTTP and HTTPS, and Exchange Server including OWA, ActiveSync etc. should work besides.	<urn:uuid:72e070d9-8319-4bdb-a417-d642a6804534>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.dxsdata.com/2018/06/changing-websites-from-http-to-https-using-apache-as-reverse-proxy-for-exchange-server/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.674026	2,339	2.234375	2
On the question of extending the Endangered Species Act to polar bears, Sarah Palin hews to the Stephen Colbert position. And in her defense, she cited a study by her own state government in an op-ed for the New York Times earlier this year. In that article, she wrote: I strongly believe that adding [polar bears] to the list is the wrong move at this time. My decision is based on a comprehensive review by state wildlife officials of scientific information from a broad range of climate, ice and polar bear experts. In fact, there is insufficient evidence that polar bears are in danger of becoming extinct within the foreseeable future — the trigger for protection under the Endangered Species Act. And there is no evidence that polar bears are being mismanaged through existing international agreements and the federal Marine Mammal Protection Act. Yep: you guessed it. We found out subsequently in the New York Times that the state’s wildlife officials discovered no such thing: Rick Steiner, a University of Alaska professor, sought the e-mail messages of state scientists who had examined the effect of global warming on polar bears … An administration official told Mr. Steiner that his request would cost $468,784 to process. When Mr. Steiner finally obtained the e-mail messages — through a federal records request — he discovered that state scientists had in fact agreed that the bears were in danger, records show. For the record.	<urn:uuid:a7489daf-039a-45ed-8243-00d625f72f75>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	http://dish.andrewsullivan.com/2008/10/18/the-odd-lies-10/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00473.warc.gz	en	0.956082	291	2.171875	2
Sweet & Maxwell is part of the European law publisher’s initiative Law Publishers in Europe. Brief history of Sweet & Maxwell - 1799: Stephen Sweet begins trading as a law bookseller. Based in Chancery Lane, London, his first published work was Parker's Reports of Cases in the Court of Exchequer (1800). - 1800: Alexander Maxwell commences as a bookseller and auctioneer in Fetter Lane, London, initially specialising in religious books. - 1802: First publication of Woodfall on Landlord and Tenant - Sweet & Maxwell's oldest title still in print. - 1810: Stevens & Sons started in business. - 1831: Alexander Maxwell granted a Royal Warrant as Law Bookseller in Ordinary to King William IV. - 1882: The White Book commences publication as The Annual Chancery Practice - 1889: Sweet and Maxwell merge. Stevens & Sons refuses to join. - 1897: Sweet & Maxwell started the publication of the Encyclopaedia of the Laws of England, the first modern work of its kind. - 1941: The third edition of the Encyclopaedia of the Laws of England is destroyed by enemy action during the Blitz on London during the Second World War. Paper stock and manuscript copy were all destroyed, and publication abandoned. - 1950: Stevens & Sons merges with Sweet & Maxwell - 61 years after first refusing to do so. Palmer's Company Law and Treitel on Contract are now added to the list. - 1956: Sweet & Maxwell acquires W.Green, the Scottish Law Publisher. - 1994: Brehon Publishing and The Round Hall Press acquired and merged to form Round Hall Sweet & Maxwell in Dublin.1995: First CD-ROM published: The Supreme Court Practice. Sweet & Maxwell acquires Legal Information Resources (LIR), based in Mytholmroyd, Yorkshire. LIR had been founded by law librarians to assist legal researchers in tracking articles and key information. This led the company to greater development and application of computer technologies and the importance of standard authority files and taxonomy. This in turn made LIR a perfect fit for Sweet & Maxwell's ambitions in this area, highlighted by the transfer of the Current Law publishing process to Yorkshire. - 1996: IRA bomb explodes outside offices in London's Docklands - Sweet & Maxwell relocate to current address at Avenue Road, Swiss Cottage, London. - 2001: Sweet & Maxwell merges with the Thomson-owned GEE Publishing to form one of the UK's leading legal & regulatory publishers. The GEE brand is retained for regulatory products. - 2002: The acquisition of Lawtel adds to Sweet & Maxwell's family of complementary online brands. Lawtel offers current awareness and other legal services designed to allow lawyers to keep in touch with the latest developments at their desktops. - 2003: Its Asia division, with headquarters in Hong Kong, Malaysia and Singapore, won the contract to supply law books to the Hong Kong government. by Paul Green	<urn:uuid:8101fac0-894e-4d48-98ec-d7dc1079a96d>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	http://cosgb.blogspot.com/2013/06/sweet-maxwell.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.906324	621	1.601563	2
Coaches balance risks of using Twitter Not easy balancing life and NCAA rules After high school football star Kyler Williams died last month in a car crash, Razorbacks coach Bret Bielema retweeted a photo Williams had posted on Twitter three weeks earlier following a tour of Arkansas' campus. The photo showed Williams, a receiver from nearby Springdale High, and Bielema at Razorback Stadium. To his retweet, the coach added this message: "Prayers and thoughts to Kyler Williams & his family. Couldn't help but stop & get my picture made with this big smile!" Then he started worrying about what he'd done. "I was just going to tweet out to him and his family, and I thought, 'Did I just violate an NCAA rule?'" Bielema said, choking up. "It just made me sick. As a human being, you want to say, 'Hey.'" Though Bielema didn't violate any rule, the incident demonstrates how college football coaches appreciate that Twitter allows them to show their personality to fans and recruits alike, while also remaining wary of its potential drawbacks. The issue has crept up recently as coaches struggle to understand a new NCAA rule change that has some of them using their Twitter accounts more than ever. Under the rule change that took effect in August , athletic department staff members are allowed to retweet or show their approval of social media posts made by recruits. The policy change has been nicknamed "Click, Don't Type" because coaches still aren't allowed to add any sort of comment to a recruit's post. NCAA spokeswoman Meghan Durham said that "generally speaking, a coach cannot tweet or post a photo of himself with a recruit unless the recruit has signed a formal offer of admission or financial aid, or the post would be considered publicity before signing." But, she added, it isn't a violation to do so as a way of paying tribute to a deceased recruit. "The purpose of the rules limiting publicity before signing is to prevent a coach from engaging a fan base or boosters to place additional pressure on the prospect to sign at a given school," Durham said. Plenty of coaches use Twitter, whether they're capitalizing on the new rule or communicating indirectly with fellow coaches. Michigan's Jim Harbaugh called out Ohio State athletic director Gene Smith, Georgia coach Kirby Smart and Tennessee coach Butch Jones on Twitter during the offseason for their comments about his decisions to hold spring practice sessions in Florida and to conduct satellite camps. But tweeting also comes with risks that aren't limited to concern about NCAA violations. On the day after Notre Dame lost to Michigan State last month, Fighting Irish coach Brian Kelly's Twitter account "liked" a fan's post that recommended the firing of defensive coordinator Brian VanGorder. Kelly said later that it was a mistake made by one of the people who help manage his account, though VanGorder actually was fired the following week. "I have a number of people that manage my Twitter account," Kelly said at the time. "Obviously going through it, somebody unfortunately made a mistake as they were scrolling through, inadvertently hit it." Duke coach David Cutcliffe says he doesn't give anyone else access to his Twitter account for that very reason. North Carolina's Larry Fedora says other people have access to his Twitter account, but all the tweets posted there are his and his alone. He says he makes sure to close out of Twitter whenever he leaves behind his computer or phone. "Anytime you open your account and you leave it open for other staff members, you run the risk of something happening," Fedora said. "(It may be) something negative (or) something good, but something could happen." It isn't uncommon for multiple people to help out with a coach's Twitter account. Nebraska's Mike Riley says Cornhuskers director of player personnel Ryan Gunderson tweets on his behalf. Gunderson played quarterback for Riley at Oregon State from 2003-07. "We talk about the messages and then 'Gundy' actually does the work," Riley said. "That's our process here. I need a little bit younger guy to help me out with that." Bielema says Arkansas sports information director Patrick Pierson has access to his Twitter account. Jones says a staff member assists in monitoring his account, though all tweets must be approved by the Tennessee coach. Riley said he and Gunderson "try to be really careful as to how we represent ourselves all the time, personally and program-wise and university-wise." Jones said he makes sure to proofread before putting anything on his account. "We always think in terms of double-checking, triple-checking before you push a button," Jones said. As far as the rule change allowing coaches to "like" or retweet prospects' posts, some coaches are capitalizing on the new policy more than others. "If a guy bases his decision on if you like or retweet his posts, that ain't the dude that is going to fit in our program," Arizona's Rich Rodriguez said. "If that's his most important decision-making process ... I mean, you want to give him attention, but, I mean, what are we, schoolgirls chasing Justin Bieber? Give me a break."	<urn:uuid:71b5b874-0052-42fd-bbc2-3d9a88fefb7d>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.poconorecord.com/story/sports/college/football/2016/10/04/coaches-balance-risks-using-twitter/25265033007/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.981823	1,080	1.75	2
Recently, I've been receiving more and more inquiries from people asking if they should purchase a lab-grown diamond instead of a naturally-mined diamond because of its lower price point and lower negative impact on the environment. At nearly half the price with identical physical properties, lab-grown diamonds are a great alternative to mined diamonds. They've existed since the 1970's. Virtually indistinguishable from mined diamonds, their arrival has sparked debate about the definition of a diamond, mining practices of the natural diamond industry, and the environmental implications of both approaches. With that being said, I'll cover the main similarities and differences between lab-grown and naturally-mined diamonds to help you better determine which one you should go with. At the very end, I'll share with you my personal preference and why. Let's dive right into it. Lab-Grown and Natural Diamond Similarities Both lab-created diamonds and naturally-mined diamonds are constructed of carbon atoms structures and have the same composition They're both available in a range of shapes and carat weight. Lab-grown manufacturers claim that lab-grown diamonds are sustainable but both lab-grown and naturally-mined diamonds negatively impact the environment. Diamond mining can cause entire ecosystems to collapse and energy sources used to operate diamond mines can create greenhouse gases. Diesel fuels, electricity, and hydrocarbons used in diamond mining release harmful carbons into the air. These chemicals cause smog, climate change, and other environmental hazards yet to be discovered. Lab-grown diamonds are considered sustainable, in that, they don't cause the same level of environmental damage as mining, which requires the removal of earth and consumes freshwater and fossil fuels. However, their carbon footprint isn't exactly great either. Their manufacturing process uses energy generated from fossil fuels, which may create more carbon dioxide emissions than natural diamond mining. The amount of energy required to create lab-grown diamonds is immense. Lab-Grown and Natural Diamond Differences Lab-grown diamonds are created in a lab in only a matter of weeks, whereas naturally-mined diamonds are formed under the earth's surface over billions of years. Lab-grown diamonds are mass-produced. Mined diamonds are one-of-a-kind. A lab-grown diamond is priced about 40% lower than a naturally-mined diamond. A popular misconception is that the prices of naturally-mined diamonds decrease over time, but in actuality, they increase over time, whereas a lab-grown diamond decreases over time. Consider this. The technology used in creating these diamonds has advanced, which in turn has caused the price of lab-grown diamonds to decrease in value over time. At this point, lab-grown diamonds have virtually zero resale value as compared to natural diamonds. For instance, if you purchase a lab-grown diamond for $16,000 and the try to sell it later, you might only receive a few thousand dollars for it. While some lab-grown diamond manufacturers claim that their produced diamonds are an "ethical choice", I prefer to use and purchase natural diamonds due to their societal benefits and lasting value. The journey of natural diamonds to your finger is long and difficult. Some of the world's poorest countries have gained many jobs. In sub-Saharan Africa, diamonds can represent as much as 50% of the country's national revenue and can provide employment to hundreds of thousands of people. In India, the diamond trading and manufacturing industry employs more than a million people. In the last 20 years, the diamond industry has evolved into a more transparent and ethical industry that has far more scrutiny applied to it than ever before. If a client of mine wants to purchase a lab-grown diamond, I will happily source lab-grown diamonds because I want my clients to be happy with their purchases.Comment below and let me know if you prefer either a lab-grown or a naturally-mined diamond.	<urn:uuid:9598925b-df4c-44a6-8c40-671f85c6aef5>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://varduikara.com/blogs/finejewelry/lab-grown-diamonds-versus-natural-diamonds	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00473.warc.gz	en	0.954802	788	2.796875	3
§ The Prime Minister (Mr. Tony Blair) With permission, Mr. Speaker, I shall make a statement on the European Council that took place in Brussels on 17 and 18 June. At that Council, the European Union—now of 25 nations, soon to be 28—agreed a new treaty for Europe that sets out for the first time, in one single treaty, the powers, rights and duties of the European Union. I have placed a copy of the presidency conclusions in the Libraries of both Houses. I thank the Irish presidency, under the Taoiseach, Bertie Ahern, for its skill in negotiating a successful conclusion. As the Taoiseach said, the constitutional treaty makes it clear that Europe is not a super state; not a federal state but a group of nations".This treaty makes it plain, again for the first time in a European treaty, that the European Union has only the competences conferred on it by member states, and it states expressly, also for the first time, that member states can withdraw from Europe should they want to. This treaty makes clear where the European Union can and cannot act. It provides for qualified majority voting where we need it, for the single market, for reform of the common agricultural policy and for action against international crime and terrorism. It keeps unanimity for the most important decisions and, at our insistence, in particular for tax, social security, foreign policy, defence and decisions on the financing of the Union affecting the British budget contribution. It keeps our ability to opt out of measures affecting our laws on asylum and immigration, and extends that so that we cannot be obliged to co-operate on criminal law procedures where we do not want to do so. For the first time ever, it provides a power for national Parliaments to scrutinise proposals from Brussels at the draft stage and to send them back if Parliaments are not satisfied. The treaty provides, through the route of enhanced co-operation, for a flexible Europe in which groups of countries can take action together within the framework of the European Union provided that they do not damage the interests of others. That is a flexibility within the framework of law, not the tree-for-all that some have advocated. Above all, the treaty provides for the reforms in the working of the European Union that are necessary if it is not to fall into gridlock with 25 members. It reforms the system of the six-monthly rotating presidency to provide greater continuity and co Terence in a Union of 25, and replaces it with a full-time Chairman of the European Council, who will serve for up to five years. This is crucial in placing the power to set Europe's agenda in the hands of Europe's intergovernmental body. The European Union treaty includes, in the charter of fundamental rights, the rights of the citizen under EU law. The charter expressly rules out establishing any new power or task for the European Union or any change in the powers of the European Union. In each area the rights are expressly limited to those available under existing national law and practices and under existing Union law. For example, article 28 of the charter says 1080 that workers and employers have the right to negotiate and conclude collective agreements at the appropriate levels, but onlyin accordance with Union law and national laws and practices".In addition, the charter contains explanations for each article—making it clear, for example, thatthe — limits for the exercise of collective action, including strike action, come under national laws and practices, including the question of whether it may be carried out in parallel in several member states".The treaty requires those explanations to be given due regard by the Courts. Some have expressed concern at the references in the treaty to the primacy of European Union law. In fact, the primacy of European Union law has existed since we joined the European Union and is there in the European Communities Act 1972. But, of course, European law only takes precedence where member states have agreed that Europe should have a competence. The idea that this is something new is therefore nonsense. This treaty also completes and consolidates the existing treaties of the European Union, and 75 per cent. of it is a repetition of what is in earlier treaties. Among the many myths about the constitutional treaty that have been published over the last few months have been accusations that we would lose our rebate and our seat on the Security Council; that Brussels would seize control of our oil supplies; that the UK taxpayer would pay for other EU countries' pensions; that we would have to give up control of our Army or be forced to join the euro or to raise our taxes; that we would lose control of our borders or have our foreign policy dictated by Brussels. Now the British people have before them the text of the treaty as agreed—and it demolishes those myths. However, the myths, and the propaganda that goes with them, are not really about the constitutional treaty. They are about whether Britain should or should not be a leading member of the European Union. The new Europe of 450 million people is a success for Britain. The new countries of Europe share our view that it should be run by sovereign nation states. They have joined the European Union for the stability, security and prosperity that it provides—the same stability, security and prosperity that we have enjoyed as members of the European Union for the past 30 years. We are in the European Union for the single market and customs union that it provides for our goods and services, for the extra 1.8 per cent. of GDP that membership brings us every year and for the 3.5 million jobs that depend on that single market. We are also in the EU for the strength that it gives us in trade negotiations with powerful countries, such as the United States and Japan. We are in it for its network of aid and trade relationships with China, India and the countries of Latin America, Africa and Asia. Those relationships make an important contribution to international peace and security and development. Of course, there are frustrations and compromises, but the European Union is the most successful way anyone has yet devised of managing relations between European countries whose national rivalries had, until 60 years ago, only ever been settled in a series of bloody conflicts. Now we not only manage those rivalries; we 1081 pool our combined strength for our economic advantage, for influence in the world, for peace, for security. The power of the European Union has helped eight countries of eastern and central Europe achieve democratic stability. It is transforming Turkey into a modern democratic state and it is helping to achieve peace in the Balkans. Not a single Government of a single nation—either those in Europe now or those wanting to join—opposed this treaty. All welcomed it. All want it to work. Many share the British view of Europe's future. All that is what the opponents of this treaty would put in jeopardy for the sake not of any real British interest, but of a narrow nationalism, which no British Government have ever espoused or should ever espouse if they have the true interests of the British people at heart. In the end, the final say will be with the British people in a referendum. But in that debate, we will argue that this constitutional treaty represents a success for the new Europe that is taking shape, is a success for Britain and I commend it to the House today. § Mr. Michael Howard (Folkestone and Hythe) (Con) Mr. Speaker, this constitution is bad for our democracy, bad for jobs and bad for Britain. The Prime Minister has said that we must separate myth from reality. All I can say is, look who's talking: the great myth-maker himself. The Prime Minister has hailed this constitution as a great success for Britain. In fact, only 27 of the 275 amendments submitted by the Government to the European Convention have been included in the final draft. That is one in 10. In the Prime Minister's version of Euro 2004, the score is UK 27; EU 248. Well, we all hope England do better than that tonight. Now let us deal with some of the so-called myths. The Prime Minister said that he did not want asingle, legally binding document called a Constitution.But the document is called "Treaty Establishing a Constitution for Europe". Not that the Prime Minister could bring himself to mention the word constitution this afternoon. That is hardly surprising. The dictionary definition of a constitution isthe principles on which a State is governed".The Leader of the House said that the title "Foreign Minister" was "unacceptable", but now it is in article I-27. Where is the myth in that? The Government tried to delete the proposed measures on criminal procedure, but now they are in article III-171. Where is the myth in that? The Government tried to delete the measures on energy, but now they are in article III-157. Where is the myth in that? The Prime Minister said that there was no proposal for a separate European military planning capability, but now it is on page 20 of the Council conclusions. Where is the myth in that? The Government opposed the European public prosecutor. That was one of their so-called red lines. They said:Unanimity does not mean that"—a European public prosecutor—can be accepted.1082 But the public prosecutor is there, in article III-175. Where is the myth in that? The Prime Minister boasted—he said it again this afternoon—that the constitutiongives a role to national parliaments of a greater degree than ever before.But after Parliament has had its say, the Commission can ignore it. That is in the snappily named "Protocol on the Application of the Principles of Subsidiarity and Proportionality." Where is the myth in that? Does not all that go to show that the only myth we have here is the Prime Minister's claim that this is a success for him and for Britain? Is not the reality that there will now be new burdens on business and on our public services? Is not the reality that this constitution will make it easier for the European Court to use European Union legislation, such as the working time directive and the works councils directive, to bring in even more red tape from Brussels? [HON. MEMBERS: "No."] Have not business leaders already warned that the constitution will "harm our prosperity"? [HON. MEMBERS: "No."] Will there not be more interference from the European Court on asylum policy? [HON. MEMBERS: "No."] Will that not threaten even the Government's own measures on asylum, including their plans to restrict benefits to those who apply late? [HON. MEMBERS: "No."] Will not the Commission mean that the European Union can now interfere, in the Government's words, in "almost any aspect" of criminal procedure? [HON. MEMBERS: "No."] Well, they say no, but they should read the document. If they did so, they would know that that is the reality of what the Prime Minister has signed up to. Will not the European public prosecutor have wide-ranging powers to direct police, order arrests, prosecute and choose the country where a trial should be held? Did not even the Labour-dominated European Scrutiny Committee say thatthe proposal…has the potential for creating an engine of oppression"?Why on earth did the Prime Minister agree to that? How can this Parliament protect British interests when, in 43 new areas of policy, we can have measures imposed on us by majority voting against our will? The charter of fundamental rights is a case study in Government surrender. The Prime Minister has been dragged along, step by step, against his better judgment. First the Government did not want this charter at all. Then, when they lost that argument, Ministers said that they did not want it included in the treaty. Then they argued that it should be moved to a protocol. When the charter was finally included in the constitution, the Government called for safeguards to stop it undermining our national law. But on Friday, the President of the European Court of Justice said that the constitution would bring new areas and new subjects under the Court's jurisdiction, and he refused to give any guarantees that the charter would have no impact on national law. The Prime Minister says that he will take the constitution to the country. It is not the first time he has said that. Five years ago, with the hand of history resting on his shoulder, he said thatonce in every generation he case for Europe has to be restated".1083 He said that he would give leadership. Six months later, when nothing had happened, he said:Once in each generation, the case for Britain in Europe needs to be remade … The time for this generation is now.So what happened? We have just had elections to the European Parliament during which the Prime Minister did not make a single speech on Europe. That is what he means by leadership. The Prime Minister's definition of leadership is to press the mute button, and press it hard. Yesterday, the Prime Minister said that there is now a real opportunity to get the British view accepted because there is a lot of support for it. I agree; there is indeed a lot of support for the British view. What a pity that the Prime Minister did not put the British view when he was in Brussels last week. The British view is that there should be a modern, flexible, reformed Europe; a Et rope ready for the challenges of the 21st century; a Europe that is truly free, based on co-operation and not coercion; a Europe that transfers powers back from Brussels to the nation state—truly a Europe of live and let live. That is what the Prime Minister should have been arguing for in Brussels last week. That is what the people of this country want. Let us have none of that nonsense about the referendum being a question of in or out of Europe; it is about the kind of Europe that we want to see. Let me make it clear: I am opposed to this constitution and I will play my part in a cross-party campaign, involving people from all parts of the country and all walks of life, to say no to this constitution. Britain does not need to wait until the last minute to decide; we do not need to wait until other countries have spoken. Why cannot Britain do what the Prime Minister says he wants to do and give a lead in Europe? Why does he not lead rather than just follow? The fact is that the Prime Minister knows that he has no mandate whatever for this constitution. There was nothing in his manifesto on the constitution and the British people rejected it at the polls only 10 days ago. The fate of this constitution will not be decided by the right hon. Gentleman; it will be decided by the British people, so why does he not let the British people speak, and let them speak now? § The Prime Minister Let me deal with some of the points of detail. First, the constitutional treaty is a treaty like any other. It has exactly the same status. Secondly, in relation to criminal law, the procedures that we have agreed will mean that should we object to a particular proposal, it can be blocked. That allows us to make progress in areas where we want to do so but to block things that we think are against our interest. The right hon. and learned Gentleman is quite wrong in respect of energy. There is actually a tax carve-out for energy, which is the same as the one for the environment. European Union defence is to be maintained at governmental level and governed by unanimity. It is true that there is power to establish a European public prosecutor but it can be done only by unanimity and, therefore, requires our consent. 1084 In respect of national Parliaments, yes it is true that if a third of them object they cannot block the European Commission proposal, but for the first time they are able to take objection to it and send it back to the Commission—[Interruption.] Let us put it like this: that is a lot more than the right hon. and learned Gentleman ever secured when he was negotiating for this country in Europe. May I remind him that the working time directive was actually agreed when he was in government, not when we were in government? The document does not affect our asylum laws. One of the less pleasant myths in some of the propaganda put out is that somehow Europe decides our asylum and immigration laws. It does not; we decide them. The House of Lords European Committee said that the treaty shifted the balance back towards the nation state. As for the idea that in the whole of the rest of Europe people are rejoicing that this is some federalist blueprint, let me read a few recent quotes about that. The Prime Minister of Spain:Europe is and will be a Union ofnationStates.The leader of Germany in Bavaria:The EU will not have the right to set taxes and Europe is not going to be a federal state.The President of Germany:I do not believe that current developments are going to give rise to a European federal state".He seesa revival of the nation-state principle again.I seem to remember that Poland was prayed in aid by the right hon. and learned Gentleman the last time he was here—the plucky Poles standing up and not wanting this constitutional treaty—but, in fact, they are with us in wanting it, but on the right terms. The President of Poland:The treaty doesn't mean we create a new state of Europe or something like a European federation.Or, for example, this quote from an editorial in one of the main newspapers in Spain, El Mundo:this is a Constitution… which consecrates the EU as a union of sovereign states, which continues not to opt for federal institutions".In the main commentary in Corriere della Sera, in Italy:The British won the day.In Sweden:the EU is no longer run by the Franco-German axle.In another Spanish paper, but I am almost too modest to mention it:Blair, the big winner of the Summit, achieved everything he wanted. Why is the right hon. and learned Gentleman so anxious to have the referendum without the parliamentary debate and scrutiny? Because he has everything to fear from a detailed understanding and everything to gain from haste and headlines. I shall turn to some of the issues that the right hon. and learned Gentleman raised on the qualified majority voting extensions. It is true that there are qualified majority voting extensions on things like, for example, the diplomatic and consular protection rules, on things 1085 like patents, on things like appointments to specialist judicial panels, on things like the armament agency rules and on things like the salary of the European Court of Justice judges. But let us compare this treaty with the two documents that he agreed: the Single European Act, where 12 whole areas were moved to QMV, including health and safety and, yes, the free movement of workers—something that Conservative Members now object to—and of course I was looking at the Maastricht treaty to see what it extended. The Maastricht treaty created European citizenship. It added foreign policy, justice and home affairs. It transferred 15 whole new areas of power to the European Parliament. If the right hon. and learned Gentleman attacks this treaty, he should have been screaming the place down over Maastricht. Instead, he voted for Maastricht, and he is now left in the ludicrous position of having to argue that, somehow, Britain ceases to be a nation state because the rules on diplomatic and consular protection go to QMV. His true position is not, of course, hostility to this treaty—it would not matter what this treaty says; his opposition to this treaty is just a device to get to his real position, which is to renegotiate not this treaty, but the existing terms of Britain's membership of the European Union. He has said that he wants to renegotiate—perhaps he would just confirm this—the social chapter. § The Prime Minister Yes. The common agricultural policy, and this is what the right hon. and learned Gentleman said in relation to the common fisheries policy: on 9 June he wrote to one of his hon. Friends saying that he would not just withdraw from the common fisheries policy but, if others refused to renegotiate, defy the law and pull out of the common fisheries policy altogether. What would happen if others then said that they would not allow British goods to come into the single market or that they would use that practice against us? The truth is that he is in a position that no British Prime Minister would ever want this country to be in. The real surrender is not the surrender of Britain's identity to a European superstate, but the surrender of the Tory party to a position on Europe that no Tory party in government, when faced with the responsibilities of government and when faced with the realities of government, would ever have dreamt of taking. That is why Lord Heseltine said yesterday—[Interruption.] It is interesting, is it not, that the person who was Deputy Prime Minister under the last Conservative Government is now so ridiculed by Conservative Members that they are not even prepared to listen to him? This will indeed be an historic debate. It will pit reason against prejudice. It will pit true leadership in Britain's long-term interests against a transient 1086 populism that actually betrays the very national interest that it says it safeguards. Yes, that debate will happen, and when it comes, yes, we will be on different sides, but I would prefer our company to the company that the right hon. and learned Gentleman will keep, and I prefer our argument about Britain's future to his. § Mr. Charles Kennedy (Ross, Skye and Inverness, West) (LD) May I, on behalf of my right hon. and hon. Friends, give a general welcome to the fact that this compromised treaty was agreed and unanimously endorsed by 25 member states and Governments over the course of the weekend? Will the Prime Minister acknowledge that, given the welcome and historic enlargement of Europe and the triumph of democracy, and of socially fair market democracy at that, the model that operated for a Europe of six was simply not applicable to a Europe continuing to develop with a membership of 25? Does the Prime Minister agree that this constitutional treaty should be seen as a mechanism? It is not a moral crusade, although listening to some of those opposed to it, one could be forgiven for thinking otherwise. Indeed, in the minds of many of us, including those who support Europe, much of the conduct in and around this weekend's summit was a rather poor advert and a persuasive argument that further reform of the way in which Europe goes about its business is long overdue. Does the Prime Minister agree that the new threats facing Europe, particularly global terrorism and climate change, as well as long-standing problems such as reform of the common agricultural policy, will be given better effect in a collective way as a result of the procedures outlined in the treaty? Will he indicate specifically the prospects under the provisions in the treaty for tackling the CAP—such a long-running source of frustration for successive Governments and this country as a whole? We surely deceive ourselves by the allure of semi-detachment as a country from Europe or, far more so, of outright isolationism. Therefore, those who are sceptical as well as those who are enthusiastic about Europe should surely welcome a treaty that sets out the competences of the wider European Union and how they can be fairly adjudicated in the interests of both the individual European citizen and member states and Governments who make up the wider Europe. Will the Prime Minister acknowledge that none of us can deny the growth of Euroscepticism both in this country and throughout the EU? Political elites have run ahead of their domestic public opinion for too long. That is why the referendum has become so essential. The Prime Minister spoke in his statement of the new responsibilities of national Parliaments under the treaty to shape and have a greater input into European legislation. Does he agree that however long it is until the referendum in Britain, from now until such time the Government could make—the Leader of the House is with us today—specific proposals to put more of our handling of European business in this House, centre stage, in order to explain and demonstrate to people the relevance of what Europe is doing and the way in which, as parliamentarians from across the spectrum, we attend to it? Do the Government have any proposals in that respect? 1087 Finally, on the issue of the referendum, we have had so many false dawns and false starts with this Government, as the Prime Minister well knows. Will he acknowledge today that, having put his signature to the treaty and given that he is having to try to sell it to the British public and that trust in him and his Government is not what it was several years ago, the campaign for the referendum, if it is to be successful, will have to be broadly based, cross-party and involve significant persuasive voices from those outside formal party politics? Will he acknowledge that a referendum campaign that is seen by the public in this country to be spun from No. 10 Downing street would not be won? Although there is scepticism about Europe to be overcome, there is also scepticism about the Government that can undermine the case that needs to be made. The battle is now joined. I hope that, across the political spectrum, we shall be able to make a constructive, pragmatic and principled pro-European case. We look forward to the spectacle of some of the very strange bedfellows who will face us. § The Prime Minister The reason we have not had a referendum on the single currency is that we do not believe that the moment is right for Britain to join the single currency. We said that it should happen only when the economic conditions are met and, as I understand it, the Liberal Democrats' current position is not that we should join the single currency at this point. It is good to know that we are in agreement on that, as well. The right hon. Gentleman asked whether we have proposals on how we scrutinise European business. I understand that my right hon. Friend the Leader of the House has proposals before the Modernisation Committee that will allow us to go into greater detail of some of the European proposals. I think that the House will welcome that. As for the various other items that the right hon. Gentleman raised, I think that he and I agree on the basic point. I believe that the treaty will allow us to make progress on matters such as economic reform and reform of the common agricultural policy, which are of enormous importance. It is only in the last few years that we have made progress on CAP reform, but it is only as a result of qualified majority voting that we have the slightest chance of succeeding. § Donald Anderson (Swansea, East) (Lab) Is not the sad reality that if my right hon. Friend had returned from Brussels with sackfuls of gold, the Leader of the Opposition would have criticised the quality of the sacks? Will my right hon. Friend confirm that no Government among our 24 partners would seek to renegotiate the constitution in the way that the Opposition suggest, and that the Opposition are therefore seeking either semi-detached status, or to get out altogether? Now we come to the referendum, and public opinion polls make the position clear: the British public are against the constitution, but honestly admit that they know nothing about it. What does my right hon. Friend propose to do? How will he circumvent a hostile press and, without official propaganda, get a balanced debate on the real European issues facing this country? § The Prime Minister That will be up to those who support the campaign in favour of Britain remaining at the centre of Europe and those who are opposed to the treaty. We will have to argue our case, and I have no doubt that it will be a most interesting political battle. I have no doubt, too, that the position taken by the Conservative party—in effect, to use a no vote to renegotiate the existing terms of Britain's membership—would be a terrible mistake, and I think that it will be exposed as such in the course of the campaign. The Conservatives will have to say how one can remain part of the European Union if one unilaterally, as the Leader of the Opposition is suggesting, withdraws from areas of European competence. That is what we now call the lobster thermidor strategy: it might be nice to have it, but it is not on the menu. The fact is that if we tried to do such a thing, we would face either humiliation or withdrawal, which is what I think the right hon. and learned Gentleman wants. § Mr. Robert Jackson (Wantage) (Con) We shall have to study the treaty and its fine print with close attention, without prejudice and with no preconceptions, but it looks to me as though it is a treaty that shifts the institutional balance in the direction of member states and strengthens Britain's voting weight in the Council of Ministers, without making significant concessions to federalism. In his statement, the Prime Minister did not discuss the suggestion that is said to have been made by the French President: that it would not be possible for a country that is not in the eurozone to supply a President of the European Commission. Does he agree that in a European Union that contains nine member states that are not within the eurozone, that suggestion is outrageous and illegal? § The Prime Minister I do not think that there should be any criteria other than those that are laid down. I agree that there should not be any block on any candidate emerging from a country that is not a member of the eurozone. As for the first part of the hon. Gentleman's question, he is absolutely right—this is not an unusual position for a British Prime Minister to be in, I am afraid, as very partisan views are sometimes expressed on the issue. However, we are in a bizarre situation in which virtually every other country in Europe thinks that this has been a victory for the British position. Unfortunately, that realisation needs to dawn here, and I accept that that will take a bit of work. It is odd that not a single country elsewhere in Europe would recognise this as a federal blueprint. § Sir Stuart Bell (Middlesbrough) (Lab) The Prime Minister referred to 18 June as an historical day, but is it not an historical day for all of Europe? He referred to bloody conflict, and is it not true that over the centuries we have fought the Spanish, the French, the Germans, the Italians and the former states of the Hapsburg empire, and that those wars are over for all time? He referred to the single market, and the 1.8 per cent. gross domestic product and 3.5 million jobs for which it is responsible. Has that not contributed to the greatest prosperity that we have ever experienced, and should the 1089 word not go forth from this time and place that, to adapt the words of a former Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, what kind of a people do they think the British are to turn their back on the greatest success story since 1945? § The Prime Minister I obviously agree entirely with my hon. Friend, but there is another argument and, in a sense, a more modern one. Europe is indeed changing, and the countries that have recently joined the European Union share the British perspective for obvious historical reasons. I find it hard to understand why, when those new countries basically share the British perspective of Europe as a group of nation states, we should want to put ourselves in a marginalised position in Europe. That is what is so extraordinary about the position that has been taken. We have a huge opportunity if we are prepared to grasp it. § Sir Patrick Cormack (South Staffordshire) (Con) How does the Prime Minister reconcile his statements that Britain will retain its autonomy in matters of foreign policy with a constitution that provides for a foreign Minister and foreign policy that, it states,Member States shall actively and unreservedly support"? § The Prime Minister Let me quote from the Maastricht treaty—[HON. MEMBERS: "No."] I quote from that treaty to show how ludicrous it is to suppose that what is in this treaty is any different from what we have had for over 10 years. The Maastricht treaty says:The Member States shall support the Union's external and security policy actively and unreservedly in a spirit of loyalty and mutual solidarity.This treaty says:The Member States shall support the common foreign and security policy actively and unreservedly in a spirit of loyalty and mutual solidarity".There is a notion that this is a great new development in the European Union, and it has been suggested that I would have to ask for the French President's permission before I did anything more with the USA. I should have thought that the one thing that has been obvious over the past couple of years—this may, or may not, recommend itself to people—is that we have pursued a highly independent foreign policy. § Mr. Robin Cook (Livingston) (Lab) May I thank my right hon. Friend for his robust and enjoyable presentation of the case for British membership of Europe? May I ask him to remind the House that the proposal for the new post of President of the Council of Ministers was first made by Britain, and that we supported it for several years to secure our negotiation? It would be perverse if those who worry about federalism were to persuade Britain to stop that post coming into being, when it represents a new person in Brussels speaking for the member states and the nations of Europe. Is it not a measure of the opportunism that we have heard today that if the Opposition had been in government they would have presented as a triumph, not a sell-out, a deal half as good as the one that my right hon. Friend has negotiated? § The Prime Minister I thank my right hon. Friend. It is true that there is a presidency of the European Council now, but it rotates every six months. It is important to get a full-time chairman of the Council because, at the moment, states rotate the presidency every six months and as a result, on the Lisbon agenda for economic reform, for example, it becomes difficult for the next presidency to pick up what the previous presidency has done. It is far more efficient for the member states and Governments of Europe to have a full-time chairman. § Mr. David Heathcoat-Amory (Wells) (Con) Under the constitution, all the existing EU institutions, including those that are riddled with mismanagement and waste at present, gain at the expense of national Parliaments and people. To take one example from the 250 failed amendments tabled by the Government representatives when it was being drawn up, the Government promised to remove all references to the European public prosecutor. The Government representative said:Unanimity does not mean that this article can be accepted".In other words, he wanted it completely out. It was an unambiguous Government red line. Now the Government have accepted it, and I understand it was not even raised during the final negotiations. Does the Government's pledge to hold a referendum have the same status—in other words, is it a firm and unambiguous pledge that is abandoned when it gets difficult for the Government? § The Prime Minister Let me explain to the right hon. Gentleman why we agreed with the notion that there could be a European public prosecutor, provided that is done with unanimity, so we have to give our consent. It is precisely for the reasons that the right hon. Gentleman suggested. There is a need to deal with issues to do with fraud and accountancy problems in the European Union, so how on earth does it help for us to disappear off into the sidelines of Europe? The right hon. Gentleman knows perfectly well that his view of Europe is that Britain should renegotiate its existing terms of membership. That is his point, is it not? Therefore, if we are to have an honest debate, why does he not accept that his objection is not to this treaty, but to Britain's existing membership of the European Union? § Mr. Frank Field (Birkenhead) (Lab) Oh, yes. Will the Prime Minister give an undertaking that if other countries veto the constitution before he calls a referendum, the British people will still have their say on what they think of this move? § The Prime Minister Yes. There is no question of any constitutional treaty going through without the express consent of the British people. [Interruption.] Of course— § Mr. Speaker Order. What is the good of hon. Members shouting the Prime Minister down? They might not like the answers, but they should be quiet when the Prime Minister is giving his reply. § The Prime Minister Exactly so. Regardless of how other members vote, we will have a referendum on the subject. § Mr. Alex Salmond (Banff and Buchan) (SNP) What is it about the workings of the common fisheries policy over the past 30 years that has persuaded the Prime Minister that it should be an exclusive competence, not a shared competence, as he told the House previously? The vast bulk of it is one of only four exclusive competences in the new constitution. § The Prime Minister The common fisheries policy was entered into by the previous Government. It is sensible that we have it. I say to the hon. Gentleman, as I have said on many occasions, that it is a cruel deception to pretend that the fishing industry's problems are to do with the European Union when, as he knows perfectly well, they are to do with the depletion of fish stocks. It is not a problem that exists just in this country or in the rest of Europe. It exists right around the world at present. It is to prey on people's fears in a wholly disingenuous way to suggest that if Britain got out of the common fisheries policy, it would help the British fishing industry. § Richard Burden (Birmingham, Northfield) (Lab) As we prepare for the debate on the constitution, in my region, the west midlands, the debate is at two levels. At one level, people are concerned about what they perceive to be a distance between Europe and its institutions and themselves, but at another level, when one talks to them, one realises that they understand that, for a manufacturing region such as ours, trade with Europe is vital to their jobs and the future. They also see the need to reach agreement. Given that, does my right hon. Friend agree that in looking ahead to the forthcoming debate we need to address the distance between European institutions and people's perceptions, but that we should give no quarter to those who are prepared to play fast and loose with the jobs of thousands of my constituents and of other people in the west midlands? § The Prime Minister I agree with both points that my hon. Friend makes. I am sure that when people think about the matter carefully, they will realise that there is no reason to reject the treaty on its own terms. It does not give away our right to decide our tax, foreign policy, defence, immigration laws and so on. What it does is enable Britain to remain at the centre of decision making in Europe. When they think about it, people will not think it a sensible idea for Britain to marginalise itself in Europe when 60 per cent. of our trade is with Europe and so many of our jobs depend on European business. § Mrs. Angela Browning (Tiverton and Honiton) (Con) The treaty that the Prime Minister signed requires member states to work more closely on co-ordinating their economic policies to provide the basis for an EU-wide economic policy. What arrangements has the Prime Minister made on that policy? Do we have a veto, or will qualified majority voting be used? § The Prime Minister The treaty makes it clear that member states decide their economic polices. It is true that we want member states better to co-ordinate their economic policies, but that has happened for years. There is absolutely nothing wrong with such co- 1092 ordination, which does not interfere with our ability to determine our economic policy, as has been amply demonstrated over the past few years. § Tom Levitt (High Peak) (Lab) You, Mr. Speaker, will recall that just a few months ago, this House voted unanimously for measures to enlarge the European Union. The treaty addresses the problems caused by structures designed for six members, and makes those structures appropriate for 25, 28 or more members. Does the Prime Minister agree that it is bananas—straight or otherwise—for those who will the ends of European Union enlargement not also to will the means? § The Prime Minister My hon. Friend is absolutely right. That is why every other country in Europe supports the treaty—if we oppose the treaty, we will be the only country to do so. People recognise that a Union of 25 should and must operate differently from a Union of 15 or six. § Sir Teddy Taylor (Rochford and Southend, East) (Con) Will the Prime Minister tell us what advantage will stem from the appointment of a European Foreign Minister? Where will that Minister be located, which terms will rule their policy and what will that appointment cost? Bearing in mind the fact that the European Foreign Minister is one of a number of additional powers, does the Prime Minister realise that many people are disappointed? Instead of making new appointments that have no apparent purpose, he should concentrate on the financial scandals, which, to my knowledge, have resulted in the European Union being the only organisation in the world not to have its accounts signed by auditors for eight separate years. § The Prime Minister The European Foreign Minister is currently called the high representative for the common foreign and security policy, and he will remain accountable to the Council of Ministers and will continue to conduct business as he does now. It is absurd to claim that we have given away our foreign policy or defence policy to the rest of Europe in view of events in the past couple of years. § Mr. Michael Meacher (Oldham, West and Royton) (Lab) Although my right hon. Friend the Prime Minister has made his opposition on some labour law issues clear, should we not welcome the implementation in this country of many other measures in the charter of fundamental rights? In particular, bearing in mind the fact that this country has the most restrictive labour laws in Europe, should we not welcome the strengthening of such basic rights as consultation in the workplace and protection against arbitrary dismissal? § The Prime Minister As a country, we can change our labour laws if this Parliament agrees to those changes, but the charter of fundamental rights is essentially directed towards the institutions of the European Union and its member states, in so far as they act within the competence of European Union law. It would be wrong if the charter of fundamental rights were to lead to an enlargement of this country's labour laws. There may be arguments for such an enlargement, and my right hon. 1093 Friend the Member for Oldham, West and Royton (Mr. Meacher) and I could have that debate, but we should have it as a matter of domestic law. § Mr. David Trimble (Upper Bann) (UUP) The Prime Minister puts an optimistic gloss on the new constitution, but the truth of the matter is that it does not matter what the Government say, because the important interpretation of the meaning of its many vague provisions will be given by the European Court of Justice—and we know its record. All the energy that has gone into the treaty and that will go into trying—I believe futilely—to sell it to the British people is a diversion from the main issue that Europe should examine: namely, the relative economic failure of the core eurozone countries. That is the real problem, and the treaty diverts energy from it. The Prime Minister and his Government will make a fatal mistake if they go to the country in a general election before a referendum is held on the constitution. § The Prime Minister In respect of the European Court of Justice, many claims about the treaty have been made about previous European Union treaties and they have turned out not to have any substance. [Interruption.] I know that many Opposition Members hold the perfectly honest position that Europe and Britain should have a completely different relationship. That is fair enough, but I do not believe that we have been prevented from taking the action, for example, on foreign policy and defence, that we want to take. It would be ludicrous to argue that we had been prevented. I agree with one element of the comments of the right hon. Member for Upper Bann (Mr. Trimble): it is important for Europe to concentrate on economic reform and change. However, we are less likely to get that if we opt out of Europe. § Keith Vaz (Leicester, East) (Lab) I congratulate the Prime Minister and the Foreign Secretary on the excellent deal that they secured for Britain in Brussels. Will the Prime Minister confirm that, notwithstanding the end of the current discussions, Britain will continue to press for the reform agenda to make the European Union more efficient, effective and relevant to the lives of its citizens? Will he also confirm that all members of the Government at every level will be fully involved not only in putting the case for Europe but in the referendum campaign? § The Prime Minister Of course. The debate and the struggle to win public support will be important. My hon. Friend is right to stress the importance of economic reform and being part of the reform agenda. New countries are coming into Europe that support the British position. Of all the moments for Britain to opt for second-class status in the European Union, this is the least sensible. § Mr. Richard Shepherd (Aldridge-Brownhills) (Con) There is no question but that the treaty is intended to be a constitutional settlement. As the Prime Minister said, it further entrenches Maastricht, Nice, Amsterdam and even the Single European Act. Some of us feel strongly 1094 that the British people have never properly examined any of them and have never been allowed to express their views on them. Yet now we are dealing with something that intends to extend and entrench the power of the European Union over the lives of the people of Britain. How, therefore, can the Prime Minister's word be trusted on any matter when, as has been said, the ultimate judgment on the detailed meaning of the treaty will be made by the European Court of Justice, which is now supreme over all the laws of this land as expressed through Parliament? § The Prime Minister As far as I am aware, the European Court of Justice has always had the power to determine the meaning of treaties. The treaty that we are considering has no special status—it is subject to the same rules as other treaties. That is why it is called, at our insistence, a constitutional treaty. I agree that a great debate will take place about whether Maastricht and all the developments in the European Union over the past 30 years were right. We will hold the debate but we should do that any recognise—I believe that the hon. Gentleman would acknowledge it—that the real objection of many Conservative Members is not to the treaty but to all the treaties that have been signed in the past few years. He is honest enough to admit that, and his hon. Friends should do so, too. § Mr. James Plaskitt (Warwick and Leamington) (Lab) Does my right hon. Friend agree that the new constitutional treaty marks a fundamental and overdue change in the distribution of powers between Union institutions and the member states? Whereas current treaties, which grow out of article 235 of the Rome treaty, effectively sanction and encourage competence creep, article 9 of the new treaty puts the brake on it. § The Prime Minister My hon. Friend is right. A couple of days ago, the treaty was described in one of the Belgian newspapers as:A text in the service of Her Majesty… it was a textwith a'Britainised' content that they approved… Great Britain set its mark on this game… the most determined European federalists had no option but to back down.I could read out about 30 similar quotations—[HON. MEMBERS: "Read the British newspapers."] We all agree that some of the British newspapers take a somewhat different view. That shows the nature of the debate. However, as it continues, it will become increasingly obvious that the problem is not the treaty but that some people believe that the existing relationship is wrong and needs to be changed, irrespective of the treaty. The longer that that goes on and the more that it dawns on people, the more they will realise that the real agenda of many who are opposed to this treaty is to take this country out of its current relationship with Europe. § Ann Winterton (Congleton) (Con) The Prime Minister said on television yesterday that he had agreed to the requirement for member states to co-ordinate their economic policies. Will he now answer the question posed a minute ago by my hon. Friend the Member for Tiverton and Honiton (Mrs. Browning) and tell us whether this so-called co-ordination will be decided by qualified majority voting? § The Prime Minister The idea of member states co-ordinating economic policy is not a novel thing in this treaty; it has been there for ages. It makes absolutely no difference to the essential nature of the sovereignty of economic policy residing with us. Look at the past few years: it is perfectly obvious that we decided, for example, to give the Bank of England its independence and that we decided to pursue our own Budget and fiscal policy. We are perfectly entitled to do so and we will carry on being entitled to do so. § Chris Bryant (Rhondda) (Lab) The Prime Minister will know that some politicians in this country have been arguing against not only this constitution but any constitution while saying that the European Union needs a charter of competences. Is not this a matter of semantics? After all, the United Nations has a constitution; it just happens to be called a charter. For that matter, it has a president. For the Tory Opposition, is this a case of rabid ideology or rampant opportunism? § The Prime Minister I think it is probably increasingly the first, actually, which makes this a more serious position for them. I simply pose this question: if the Government had brought forward a treaty like the Single European Act or the Maastricht treaty now, with the Conservative party in its current situation, it would not have been very supportive of it. The fact of the matter is that the Conservative party has made its choice, for the moment at least. It has decided effectively to join at least the rhetoric of the United Kingdom Independence party, even if it attempts to keep its policy a little different. I say to Conservative Members that, in the end, whatever the short-term advantage, that is a long-term mistake. § Mr. James Paice (South-East Cambridgeshire) (Con) For a long while, it has always been the case that, under certain European competences, this Parliament and the British Government cannot legislate on issues on which the Europeans are considering legislating themselves. Can the Prime Minister confirm that under this constitution the list of such competences is extended and therefore that the powers of this House are diminished? § The Prime Minister I do not accept that the powers of this House are diminished at all. Indeed, as I say, for the first time national Parliaments have a specific input and an ability to refer back legislation that is proposed. This is an advantage for national Parliaments. § Mr. Tam Dalyell (Linlithgow) (Lab) I am an unreconstructed pro-European. Would not some of us be thankful if foreign policy, particularly over the last two years, had been given to Brussels and if the Prime Minister had asked the French President about recent events and recent policies? May I ask why he thinks that Chancellor Schräder and President Chirac were so cheesed off with him? § The Prime Minister I think we had better disentangle all those various points. First, no, it is not a good idea to say that we can exercise our foreign or defence policy only with the say-so of the French President, or indeed anyone other than ourselves. Secondly, I simply point 1096 this out to my hon. Friend: I have to disappoint him on that ground, but also on the ground that in the new Europe—the Europe of 25—a majority of states were with us in relation to the conflict in Iraq. Thirdly, there are disagreements from time to time in Europe, and there was one on Thursday night, but I am sure that all of us will get over those disagreements because in the end it is important that we make progress. § Sir Michael Spicer (West Worcestershire) (Con) If the constitution were to go ahead, would the 1972 Act of accession still apply? Would it still be amendable by this Parliament? § The Prime Minister I think that I am right that, legally, the treaty of accession would still apply. I will check the strict legal interpretation for the hon. Gentleman. The important thing about the treaty is that, for the first time, people are given the right explicitly—they have always had it implicitly—to withdraw from the European Union. If, for example, a Government of his persuasion were to come to power, with the policy that he espouses, they would be able to do that. In the end, no one can force us to be part of the European Union. I happen to think that we should be part of the European Union, because it is in the interests of Britain. § Mr. Stephen Pound (Ealing, North) (Lab) Sometimes, I look at this nation and despair. When the Conservative Benches ring with the inchoate fury and synthetic outrage designed solely to appease a party led by an orange-skinned, Spanish-resident escapee from the dregs of daytime television whose one-word manifesto is no, I despair. In the case of the various factions masquerading as an Opposition— § Mr. Patrick McLoughlin (West Derbyshire) (Con) Will the Prime Minister explain to the House where the consistency is in the Government's policy? Referendums on regional government will be held before the legislation is passed by this House, yet the referendum that he has talked about today will be held after the legislation has passed through the House. § The Prime Minister When the issue of the referendums on Scotland and Wales was up, we were on opposite sides of the fence. I am well aware of why people want the referendum quickly—it is so that people should not have the chance to study the detail. I think that it is important that we study the detail, and on such an issue it is also important that Parliament is able to sit and study it. I am surprised—actually, I am not surprised—that the Conservative party has decided that it really does not want that to happen.	<urn:uuid:bfc7160e-c6ee-464e-b789-32fe1d7b5548>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/2004/jun/21/european-council	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.970767	11,389	2.203125	2
CHICO — Dr. Art’s Planet Earth Show is coming to Bell Memorial Union at Chico State University this month as a way to get youngsters and their parents excited about science and to inspire students to start thinking about possible Chico Science Fair entries. Dr. Art’s Planet Earth Show, the creation of Art Sussman, who holds a PhD in biochemistry from Princeton University, helps bring the magic of science to audiences through demonstrations and games. Chico Science Fair will present Dr. Art and his show at 7 p.m. Jan. 23. Enter Sussman, who has done research at Oxford University, Harvard Medical School and the University of California, San Francisco. Sussman works with WestEd, a nonprofit research and program development agency, that supports schools by improving learning methods for students. As a senior project director at WestEd, he has created and appeared in DVDs that help students, teachers and the public understand science. One focus area is explaining how the planet works, and the environmental issues that challenge communities today and in the future. As the show’s developer and single performer, Sussman brings his 30 years of experience in science to deliver physical and environmental concepts to students in imaginative ways. He has published, “Dr. Art’s Guide to Science: Connecting Atoms, Galaxies, and Everything in Between,” and “Dr. Art’s Guide to Planet Earth: A Guide for Ages 12 to 20,” and a DVD, “Dr. Art Does Science.” As Senior Project Director at WestEd, Sussman has helped California, Nevada, and Utah create and bring to schools science education standards that guide instruction for millions of K-12 students. Sussman also serves as state coordinator of California Building a Presence for Science. This collaboration with state partners and the National Science Teachers Association provides information and resources to more than 6,000 teacher points of contact in schools throughout California. Advance tickets for Dr. Art’s Planet Earth Show are $10 for adults and $5 for children younger than 12 years and are available at Lyon Book Store, Creative Apple and Zucchini and Vine. At the door tickets will be $12 and $6. For information about the show, call 899-7508. Information about Chico Science Fair (March 29-April 1) is at www.chicosciencefair.org.	<urn:uuid:6fb37534-07ee-442a-943d-d6655e934b78>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.chicoer.com/2010/01/03/planet-earth-show-may-inspire-young-scientists-dr-art-takes-imaginative-approach-to-science/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.928374	509	2.140625	2
How to Achieve Long Term Weight Loss Success Many people are now having to understand the importance of lifestyle change in achieving long-term weight loss success. A lifestyle is nothing but the sum total of your eating and physical activity habits – everything you do on a daily basis and you do on a regular basis. The key to Stroke comprehension is that you can never achieve a goal if you do not understand how it works. Let me clarify that. From the above explanation, in order to lose weight and achieve the ultimate weight loss goals, you need to develop your daily diet plan as well as your exercise routine or activity. You could perform all the activities you need to do on a daily basis. You probably would not lose as much excess fat as you would like to, and that is OK. Although the most important part of losing fat body weight is learning how your body works and how a person can develop a compound weight loss program. I will touch on this later. For now, the key aspects of weight loss success are food – diet, nutrition, and exercise. Food – diet is the key to a successful weight loss program. The Allowable constituents of any diet are as follows. The daily caloric intake on a diet plan should not result in a negative caloric total. The caloric total is the total number of calories which is required by your body on a daily basis. Do not overdo it. Keep your caloric consumption at a low level. Do not create a diet that would dangerously restrict your body from vital minerals and vitamins, such as protein, carbohydrates, and fat. Remember that fat loss occurs mainly due to calories deficits. Hence, your daily caloric consumption needs to be less than your daily caloric need. Secondarily, your diet plan should focus on eating the right kind of food. If your diet does not provide your body with the essential nutrients and vitamins, you should secure it with supplements. You need a high-quality inclusion of proteins for an increased metabolic rate. Canned foods must always be avoided because it does not allow you to lose weight fast. If you want to reduce your weight in a short span of time, you should go on a diet that is extremely restrictive. Such a diet will only work for a short time. Eating habits should include consuming fresh and raw fruits and vegetables, brown rice, lean protein, nuts and seeds, and healthy fish, mostly fish with high omega-3 content. Add enough water and fluids to your diet. Pure water should be your choice of drink. Better if it is cold but hot water is okay as well. In addition, it is good to have up to eight glasses of water a day. Knowing your limit is another key to make it, and being as restricted as possible in your diet. Stay away from any snacks between meals and always avoid eating after dinner. Having a large glass of cold water is an excellent idea. Developing a high level of motivation is another key to lose weight. Set a goal for yourself and be optimistic. Even if progress is slow, keep in mind that there is progress. Stay positive even on the hard days. Exercise – this should energize you and keep you on the right track. In order to execute this, you have to believe it can be done. Start slow and you can do it in the next session. Do not go overboard the first time. Take a small step each time you exercise. Work on a different area each session. Do not take more than one session in between. Finally, you should recognize the power of mental stimulation. If our mind is pumped full of positive thoughts, we are bound to make it happen. All in all, if you have the will to make it happen, focus, and have a healthy appetite, you should have no problems with being obese.	<urn:uuid:d325a89e-fcdf-45b5-907a-5bfb27a43236>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://eastsideyoga-austin.com/how-to-achieve-long-term-weight-loss-success/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.961167	780	1.804688	2
Your search found 1 match. The following is the full list of ACT testing locations in Macedonia among which you can pick one to take the exam. Please know that on the test day, test takers can use any 4-function, scientific, or graphing calculator. On the table below, you can also find all test dates through 2019. 2019-2020 ACT Test Dates in Macedonia \|Test Date\|\|Registration Deadline\| \|February 9, 2019\|\|January 11, 2019\| \|April 13, 2019\|\|March 8, 2019\| \|June 8, 2019\|\|May 3, 2019\| \|July 13, 2019\|\|June 14, 2019\| \|September 14, 2019\|\|August 16, 2019\| \|October 26, 2019\|\|September 20, 2019\| \|December 14, 2019\|\|November 8, 2019\| \|February 8, 2020\|\|January 10, 2020\| \|April 4, 2020\|\|February 28, 2020\| \|June 13, 2020\|\|May 8, 2020\| \|July 18, 2020\|\|June 19, 2020\| ACT Test Centers in Macedonia \|City\|\|Center Name\|\|Center Code\| \|Skopje\|\|M7 Test Center\|\|865690\| More about Macedonia North Macedonia borders Serbia in the north, Kosovo in the northwest, Bulgaria in the east, Greece in the south and Albania in the west. North Macedonia is a mountainous region in the Vardar catchment area between the mountain systems of the Dinarides in the west and the Rhodope Mountains in the east. Tectonic movements repeatedly lead to earthquakes (1963 devastating earthquake in Skopje). The country is divided into a large number of basin landscapes of different sizes, which are framed by mountain massifs that are mostly over 2,000 m above sea level and partly glacial. Canyon-like valleys and easily accessible passes connect the individual basins. The highest peaks are the Korab (2,764 m above sea level) and Titov Vrh (2,748 m above sea level). Check ezinesports to see The Republic of Northern Macedonia. The largest of the basin landscapes is the fertile pelagonia in the south, through which the Crna Reka flows, and which continues in the Greek region of Macedonia. The Skopje Basin in the north and the Strumica Basin (Strumičko polje) in the southeast also offer good agricultural conditions. In the southwest, the basins of the Ohrid and Prespa lakes, which only partially belong to Macedonia (Dessaretian lakes), are filled. In the north-west of the country the 40 km long depression of the Polog plain, that of the Vardar, extends is traversed, which then connects a series of smaller basin landscapes with each other and thus forms an important traffic route (part of the Morava-Vardar furrow). - IAMHIGHER: Latest statistics of population in the country of Macedonia, including languages spoken, urban population, birth rate, fertility rate and life expectancy for both men and women. - Official name: Republic of North Macedonia - License plate: MK - ISO-3166: MK, MKD (807) - Internet domain:.mk - Currency: 1 Denar (Den) = 100 Deni - Area: 25,710 km² - Population (2018): 2 million - Capital: Skopje - Official language (s): Macedonian, Albanian - Form of government: Parliamentary republic - Administrative division: 8 regions with 80 municipalities - Head of State: President Stevo Pendarovski - Head of Government: Prime Minister Zoran Zaev - Religion (s): Christians (Orthodox), Muslims - Time zone: Central European Time - National holiday: September 8th Location and infrastructure - Location (geographical): Southeast Europe - Position (coordinates): between 40 ° 50 ‘and 42 ° 22’ north latitude and 20 ° 27 ‘and 32 ° 02’ east longitude - Climate: temperate continental climate, in the south Mediterranean influence - Highest mountain: Korab (2764 m) - Road network (2017): 9 633 km (paved), 4 549 km (unpaved) - Railway network (2017): 925 km - Annual population growth (2018): 0.2% - Birth rate (2018): 10.8 per 1000 residents. - Death rate (2018): 9.6 per 1000 residents. - Average age (2018): 38.2 years - Average life expectancy (2018): 75.9 years (men 73.8; women 78.2) - Age structure (2018): 16.2% younger than 15 years, 13.4% older than 65 years - Literacy rate (15-year-olds and older) (2015): 97.8% - Mobile phone contracts (pre-paid and post-paid) (2017): 96 per 100 residents - Internet users (2017): 76 per 100 residents - GDP per capita (2018): US $ 6,100 - Total GDP (2018): US $ 13 billion - GNI per capita (2018): US $ 5,450 - Education expenditure (2002): 3.3% of GDP - Military expenditure (2018): 1.2% of GDP - Unemployment rate (15 years and older) (2017): 23% In Macedonia, mainly due to the relief, there are three main types of climates: Mediterranean, temperate-continental and mountainous. Coming from the south through the Vardar valley, Mediterranean influences (hot, dry summers and mild winters with a lot of rain) reach the Skopje basin, and in some cases also the basins of eastern Macedonia; through the valley of the Black Drinyou can also reach Lake Ohrid. In Skopje (305 m above sea level) on the upper Vardar, the mean January temperatures are 0.7 ° C, the mean July temperatures are 23.4 ° C. Temperatures of over 30 ° C in summer are very common in the basin landscapes; on average they receive less than 500 mm of precipitation in the east and 700–900 mm in the west. The remaining areas of Macedonia, with the exception of the mountains, have a temperate continental climate with relatively cold winters and warm summers. In the mountainous landscapes over 2,000 m there is a mountain climate with snow from November to April. The original landscape of the basins was shaped by steppes, which today, however, are used almost everywhere for agriculture or as pasture land. Over a third of the country (39.6%) is forested; the mountain slopes are covered by bushes and forests, which mostly consist of beech and oak, sometimes also of pine. High pastures that were no longer used were mostly afforested with conifers. Around 70% of the forest are coppice forests, while the high forests, which are valuable from a forestry point of view, only account for 30%. Nature conservation: Three national parks protect primarily the natural landscape of the mountain regions: in the west the Mavrovo National Park, in the southwest the Galičica National Park between Lake Ohrid and Prespa and, west of Bitola around the Pelister (2,601 m above sea level), the Pelister -National Park.	<urn:uuid:75f2974f-fae1-4773-9743-8f141958cea5>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.topschoolsintheusa.com/act-test-centers-and-dates-in-macedonia/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.908217	1,551	1.671875	2
Anaerobic Digestion 'Biogas' KMI Zeolite can remove ammonia, buffer pH, support microorganisms, and improve digestate.Discover KMI Zeolite can act as a binding material prior to encapsulation to absorb and immobilize contaminants. Feed & Bedding KMI Zeolite can reduce ammonia levels in stalls, barns, and around the home.Discover Heavy Metal Absorption KMI Zeolite can absorb high amounts of heavy metals including nickel, copper, lead, and cadmium. KMI Zeolite can act as a molecular sieve to prevent and eliminate mold by absorbing moisture and trapping odors. KMI Zeolite can play an important role in retarding the migration of radionuclides that occur in solution as simple cations, specifically Caesium, Strontium & Barium (Cs, Sr, Ba).	<urn:uuid:9f74bd01-a635-46da-8595-768ab24a0aaf>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.kmizeolite.com/absorption	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.804084	206	2.203125	2
\|A primate at a Covance primate testing lab.\| Update: After receiving PETA’s request for an investigation, the U.S. Department of Agriculture found that Bristol-Myers Squibb was to blame for the hanging death of the monkey and cited the company for violating the Animal Welfare Act. As if being locked inside a laboratory and treated like a living test tube weren’t torture enough, a whistleblower informed PETA that a monkey and a rat were recently scalded to death at pharmaceutical giant Bristol-Myers Squibb’s laboratory in Pennington, New Jersey. Their cages were run through the high-pressure cage washer with the animals still inside, causing the trapped animals intense agony and terror as the blistering-hot water burned their flesh. Also according to the whistleblower, another monkey strangled to death after she was attached to the front of her cage, apparently by some sort of leash, and then left unattended. All three of these tragic deaths, which reportedly occurred over a six-month period, could have been easily prevented. So what’s going on at Bristol-Myers? A U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) inspection report substantiates the whistleblower’s report of a monkey dying in the cage washer, and based on this, PETA suspects that the other allegations are also true. But it’s Bristol-Myers Squibb’s turn to be in hot water now: PETA has submitted complaints to the USDA and the Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare, asking both to investigate and hit the multibillion-dollar company where it hurts—in its bank account—if these allegations are true. But what the pharma giant really must do is stop subjecting tens of thousands of dogs, rabbits, mice, rats, and monkeys to imprisonment, pain, and death. PETA, which holds stock in Bristol-Myers Squibb specifically for the purpose of addressing the company’s board and stockholders, has submitted a shareholder resolution urging it to reduce the company’s reliance on animal tests by switching to modern, non-animal methods and to provide greater transparency of its animal testing practices. Please, click here to ask Bristol-Myers Squibb’s CEO to take personal responsibility for making sure that these recommendations are implemented.	<urn:uuid:ccdbe184-21f9-45fb-8fac-dc076208ffdf>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.peta.org/blog/scalded-death-bristol-myers-squibb/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.946658	488	1.945313	2
Access helpful literacy resources to distribute to families over the summer – download the new HSBC Family Literacy First Numbers & Cents module from ABC Life Literacy Canada. Available in English, French and Simplified Chinese on FamilyLiteracyFirst.ca, the activities in Module 11: Ailey Buys a Scooter cover topics such as counting money, making change, and adding and subtracting. Two more modules covering budgeting, expenses and saving for the future will be added by the end of the summer. Try a few sample activities: Workbooks are ideal for families with children aged six to 11. For facilitators, there’s also free training materials available for download as well. These free materials are ideal for students to keep their literacy and numeracy skills sharp over the summer break, and also make for great activities for families visiting libraries. This message comes to you from ABC Life Literacy Canada, a national charitable organization that develops free programming and resources for learners across Canada. We hope you found this information helpful! Please sign-up to receive ABC’s free monthly e-newsletter for future updates.	<urn:uuid:7f698742-83f3-4854-a64d-20cd131f7021>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://ss.westwind.ab.ca/home/news/post/free-family-financial-literacy-resources-available	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.907453	231	2.9375	3
With the cost of living soaring, it’s more important than ever to ensure you’re getting as much in interest as possible from your cash savings. Easy-access savings accounts usually enable you to take your money out whenever you want, without any loss of interest. It’s generally considered wise to have three to six months’ worth of essential spending in an easily accessible account to cover any unexpected costs, such as car repairs or a boiler breakdown. For example, AI Rayan Bank, which is the oldest and largest Islamic bank in the UK, is paying an expected return of 1.6% on a minimum deposit of £5,000 on its Everyday Saver. Instead of paying interest, the bank invests deposits in ethical, Sharia compliant activities to produce a profit. Profit rates are expected, but not guaranteed, but the bank has always paid at least the profit rate to its customers since it launched in 2004. Elsewhere, Virgin Money is paying 1.56% AER on deposits from £1 to £25,000 to new and existing current account customers on its M Plus Saver. Meanwhile, Shawbrook is paying 1.52% AER on a minimum deposit of £1,000, but you can only withdraw a minimum of £500 at a time. Fixed-rate bonds usually pay more than easy access accounts, but you can’t withdraw money from this type of savings account before the term ends without penalty. If you need the money, you can close the account, but this will mean some charges, such as loss of interest. However, you will have the security that the interest rate will remain the same until the end of the account term. Find more information about these accounts and the top rates in our article Fixed rate savings bonds explained.	<urn:uuid:20a4e910-9649-4d43-a334-78be17bd6ed9>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	http://fppksimty.online/highest-savings-rates-in-decades/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.952985	365	1.820313	2
Elite suppressors are HIV-1 infected patients who maintain viral loads of <50 copies/ml without antiretroviral therapy. We have recently shown for the first time that replication competent virus can be isolated from some of these individuals suggesting that immunologic control of replication competent HIV-1 is possible. The mechanism of control has yet to be defined in these patients, but we have shown that superior humoral immunity is not the cause of control in many ES and neither is an intrinsic resistance to HIV-1 infection. We have shown that provirus from these patients also do not have higher levels of APOBEC 3G/F mediated hypemutation. Taken together it appears that superior HIV-specific cellular immunity plays a key role in the control of viremia in elite suppressors. While the mechanism of CD8+ T cell mediated control is unkown, it has been shown that elite suppressors and patients with progressive disease have similar frequencies of HIV-specific CTL. However, it has recently been shown that unstimulated CD8+ T cells from elite suppressors, but not patients with progressive disease, are able to control the replication of a laboratory strain of HIV-1 in autologous CD4+ T cells. This is a physiological model since the CD8+ T cells are not activated prior to being used in the assay and the CD4+ T cells process and present HIV antigens (as opposed to peptides being added to the cells in culture). The objective of this proposal is to determine the mechanisms by which this CD8+ T cell mediated control of this replication competent virus is achieved. We plan to determine whether CD8+ T cells are capable of controlling HIV replication in macrophages and whether they can kill these target cells when they are productively infected. We also plan to determine whether CD4+ T cells are capable of suppressing viral replication in macrophages and CD4+ T cells by direct killing activity or by cytokine secretion. Finally we will determine whether effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are capable of killing latently infected CD4+ T cells This work will be important for the development of vaccines that can be used to improve the HIV specific immune responses in HIV-1 infected individuals. This may allow some patients to control the virus without antiretroviral therapy for prolonged periods of time. This will also have major implications for strategies for HIV-1 eradication since clearance of latently infected cells is facilitated by effecor T cell responses. Most patients infected with HIV-1 will develop a drop in their CD4 counts and frank AIDS as the virus replicates and destroys the immune system. A unique group of untreated HIV-1-infected patients, termed Elite Supressors (ES) are able to completely control the virus and do not develop AIDS (1-3). This project plans to determine how CD8+ and CD4+ T cells from ES control the virus;the results may be applicable to the development of an effective HIV-1 vaccine. \|Veenhuis, Rebecca T; Kwaa, Abena K; Garliss, Caroline C et al. (2018) Long-term remission despite clonal expansion of replication-competent HIV-1 isolates. JCI Insight 3:\| \|Walker-Sperling, Victoria E; Pohlmeyer, Christopher W; Veenhuis, Rebecca T et al. (2017) Factors Associated With the Control of Viral Replication and Virologic Breakthrough in a Recently Infected HIV-1 Controller. EBioMedicine 16:141-149\| \|Pohlmyer, Christopher W; Bullen, C Korin; Martin, Alyssa R et al. (2017) Characterization of Elite Suppressors Cell-Associated HIV-1 mRNA at Baseline and with T Cell Activation??. Yale J Biol Med 90:331-336\| \|Walker-Sperling, Victoria E K; Cohen, Valerie J; Tarwater, Patrick M et al. (2015) Reactivation Kinetics of HIV-1 and Susceptibility of Reactivated Latently Infected CD4+ T Cells to HIV-1-Specific CD8+ T Cells. J Virol 89:9631-8\| \|Salgado, Maria; Swanson, Michael D; Pohlmeyer, Christopher W et al. (2014) HLA-B57 elite suppressor and chronic progressor HIV-1 isolates replicate vigorously and cause CD4+ T cell depletion in humanized BLT mice. J Virol 88:3340-52\| \|Pohlmeyer, Christopher W; Buckheit 3rd, Robert W; Siliciano, Robert F et al. (2013) CD8+ T cells from HLA-B57 elite suppressors effectively suppress replication of HIV-1 escape mutants. Retrovirology 10:152\| \|Spivak, Adam M; Brennan, Tim P; O'Connell, Karen A et al. (2010) A case of seronegative HIV-1 infection. J Infect Dis 201:341-5\| \|O'Connell, Karen A; Pelz, Robert K; Dinoso, Jason B et al. (2010) Prolonged control of an HIV type 1 escape variant following treatment interruption in an HLA-B*27-positive patient. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 26:1307-11\|	<urn:uuid:c7d97f78-69fa-4851-8ee8-9c960e233e67>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://grantome.com/grant/NIH/R56-AI080328-05A1	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.879937	1,121	1.632813	2
- On April 15, 2020 Maintaining Community While Physical Distancing The country has witnessed an unprecedented shift in everyday life as local, state and federal officials advise us to practice physical distancing to reduce the spread of COVID-19. As we adjust to a lifestyle marked by reduced personal interaction and increased isolation, it is essential that local communities come together to serve as support systems and beacons of hope, so that no one feels that they are facing this crisis alone. IBA is dedicated to ensuring that our residents and community members know and feel that they are part of an integrated, supportive network during these difficult times. Here are some ways that you can stay connected to your local community, while practicing responsible physical distancing: - Offer a helping hand: Right now, small acts of kindness can make a big impact, especially for the elderly and chronically ill who are at higher risk of contracting a serious illness related to COVID-19. These people might not feel comfortable leaving the house to run errands, so consider reaching out and asking if there’s anything that you can do to help them. One of the simplest ways to help is to let your neighbors know before you go to the grocery store or pharmacy, offer to pick up anything that they may need and leave it on their doorstep. These acts of kindness can also be organized on a greater scale through organizations like the Neighborhood Aid Network, which assigns volunteers to run essential errands for people in their community who can’t leave their homes to buy groceries, household goods or medicine. - Stay in touch: Being stuck at home can create a feeling of isolation, but we are all in this together. Aside from easing loneliness, sharing your worries and concerns with people that you trust can help improve your mental health (World Health Organization). Modern technology means that anyone is just a text or call away, making it easier than ever to stay connected to the ones you love. Reach out to your friends, neighbors and relatives frequently to check in and let them know that you’re thinking of them, and remember that it’s okay to lean on others for support if you need it. If you find yourself overcome by feelings of sadness, fear or anxiety, the Samaritans hotline is a great resource and has people available to speak with 24/7. You can call or text 877.870.4673 if you need support. - Gather from a distance: One of the hardest things about physical distancing is missing community events and gatherings with coworkers, friends and family members that live outside of your immediate household. While group phone calls and video conferences can’t accomplish everything that in-person meetings can, they are a useful tool for fostering connections as we maintain a safe physical distance from one another. Virtual gatherings can also help get your mind off of COVID-19. Try finding a group of friends to participate in a common activity, such as a book club or a new fitness routine, and set up regular times to connect via one of the many free video conferencing apps available, like Zoom or WhatsApp. Having reoccurring, light-hearted discussions about a shared activity can help return a sense of normalcy to your day – even if it’s only for a short period of time. Community power is at the very core of IBA’s mission. As we come together to face the COVID-19 crisis, we are confident that we will emerge stronger and more united than ever. To learn more about how IBA is supporting our community during this time, please read our Q&A on the coronavirus. We are proud to be working to develop housing opportunities for low-income households in Boston. For more information on how you can support IBA, please visit our page: http://www.ibaboston.org/donat......	<urn:uuid:bce716a2-dd9e-4192-99ed-49dab8b41142>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://ibaboston.org/blog/maintaining-community-while-physical-distancing	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.951821	794	2.484375	2
What is mixed dominance? (Cross Dominance) As a child develops one side of the brain will become more dominant for motor activities. When this does not happen the brain operates less efficiently. This leads to more difficulty learning. Most people have one side of their body more dominant than the other. For example, if a person is right-handed they will likely also be right eye dominant. If a dominant side has not developed this is called being mixed dominant (or cross dominant) If you're right-handed, chances are you do everything with your right hand. You write, brush your teeth, eat, and just about everything else with your right hand. You may not have noticed, but it is likely that you have stronger sight in your right eye. You likely have stronger hearing in your right ear. You lead more often with your right foot. - So if you use a telescope you'll probably put it to your right eye. - If you want to hear something you'll probably turn your right ear towards it. - If you want to kick a ball you'll probably kick with your right foot. This is actually a sign of a well developed and well-balanced brain. Brains develop dominance for efficiency. Mixed Dominance (Cross Dominance) Cross dominance is when someone does not develop one-sided dominance. Motor dominance is mixed. A mixed dominant person may exhibit "mixed handedness". Or they may be dominant in one hand but in the opposite eye (or foot). Dominance is not all on one side. It is mixed. Someone with cross dominance may even switch dominance depending on the task. For example, they may write with the right hand but eat with the left hand. There are many possible manifestations of mixed dominance. So it's easiest to understand as lacking a dominant side. Children and Cross Dominance Having a child who is mixed-handed may seems like a benign physical talent. But recent studies have found that it is associated with learning challenges. Mixed-handed children are "more likely to suffer from language and learning problems, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), than their right- or left-handed peers." Does your child exhibit mixed dominance and have learning challenges? The two may be linked. And the answer to the learning challenges could be fixing the motor difficulties. Fix them with proprioceptive exercise. Where does cross dominance come from? According to a 2009 study, cross dominance is likely the result of brains that are "imbalanced and not developing properly." This is related to a concept called functional disconnection syndrome. FDS is a naturally occurring disconnect in the brain not related to any kind of trauma or surgery. The different hemispheres of brains with this syndrome don't communicate properly. Or sometimes not at the correct speed. this causes miscommunications and longer processing time. FDS is thought to be caused when one side of the brain develops faster than the other. It has been theorized as being the cause of autism and dyslexia. Early treatment is recommended. Bilateral coordination exercises will balance the hemispheres and increase connectivity Cross dominance and learning disabilities A cross dominant brain seems to be an inefficient brain. Studies have shown a correlation between cross dominance and learning difficulties. Some theories state that this is due to less activity in the corpus callosum. the connection between brain hemispheres. Practitioners have used and recommended cross-lateral exercises to correct this. Decades of practitioner use of the methods have shown benefits. Information processing in the brain uses both hemispheres. - Processing sounds typically happens in the left hemisphere. - Processing the meaning of those sounds typically happens in the left hemisphere. - We need a strong connection to process words and their meanings together. Without a strong connection, information processing is inefficient. When information takes longer to process learning is a struggle. It may express as a developmental delay. Or a specific learning disability such as dyslexia or dyscalculia. Mixed dominance causes the brain to be disorganized. With information and responses scattered over both sides. Think of it as a filing cabinet -- if it's organized well, in alphabetical order, it's easy to find a file. Files in a disorganized and unalphabetized cabinet will take much longer to find. Neural pathways are less developed. So slower and less efficient. Signs and symptoms of cross dominance A 2010 study showed that children with mixed dominance are more likely to have language and scholastic issues. It also showed that they may have ADHD symptoms. Cross dominance may affect the eyes. This could cause dyslexia symptoms. They may confuse printed letters and words (b and d, saw and was). This would affect reading comprehension. Information may come from opposite sides. Such as reading with the dominant right eye while listening with the dominant left ear. Reading the blackboard and listening to the teacher. The information will be going to opposite sides of the brain. That means the brain has to work extra hard to get the two messages synced. In fact, cross dominance can explain many learning behaviors such as: - A tendency to rotate papers strangely. - A tendency to rotate the head when writing. - Switching or difficulty reading and writing the left and right sides of letters. - Constant indecisiveness. - Poor handwriting. - Difficulty with organization, motor movements, and performing tasks that cross the body midline. These skills rely on our spatial sense. Our spatial sense unites our senses. This is why proprioceptive exercises are so effective at treating this condition. What to do with a cross dominant child? Cross dominance isn't synonymous with ambidextrous. Ambidextrous is due to highly developing both sides. A dominant side is chosen first. Then the other side developed to match it. Being cross dominant doesn't mean both sides are equally strong. It is more about a dominant side not being developed. It does mean that someone with cross dominance has a uniquely built brain. This will likely result in unique strengths. So watch for them. Cross lateral motions are extremely helpful for the cross dominant student. These are motions which build proprioception by crossing the midline of the body. This strengthens the corpus callosum. The connector between the brain hemispheres. This strengthening helps the brain work in a more integrated fashion. The Learning Success System contains many cross lateral exercises. These will help the cross dominant student. It also includes exercises designed to help with the components of learning. Increase your child's natural learning ability with the Learning Success System. Your child will enjoy better grades and increased confidence. You will enjoy seeing your child succeed.	<urn:uuid:caa31ccf-d402-415d-a230-002cdd28bda9>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.learningsuccesssystem.com/mixed-dominant-cross-dominant	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.94315	1,403	3.484375	3
BioWare is teasing us to death with its reveal coming to the VGAs on December 11, and as if a teaser image wasn't enough, now the company has tweeted a Quickmark. The Quickmark is pictured above and can be translated to the following binary code: 001101010011010100101110001110000011010000110101. RockPaperShotgun translated the binary to text, and it comes out with the atomic weight of iron with the numbers 55.845, which is the atomic weight of iron and as well all known iron makes steel. Steel is also a word in "Shattered Steel" which is a 1996 BioWare game with mechs. Latest Bio-tweet translates to -128.5°F. Which is the coldest temperature ever recorded on Earth. Vostok, Antarctica on July 21, 1983 There is a system called Vostok in Mass Effect 1 So is it for Mass Effect? Shattered Steel? At this point only BioWare knows and they're killing us a little.	<urn:uuid:69666f92-b9d1-47c1-8b16-01afbaef49f9>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.vg247.com/bioware-teases-its-game-reveal-a-bit-further	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.959068	218	1.59375	2
This podcast covers identity and psychosocial development. First, I will define a few terms you may see on the MCAT regarding identity. Next, I will breakdown the following theories of identity development: Erickson’s psychosocial development theory, Freud’s theory of psychosexual development, Paiget’s development theory, Kohlberg’s moral development theory, George Herbert Mead’s the I and the me, Cooley’s looking glass self, and Vygotsky’s social development theory. Please email me if you have any comments or concerns: [email protected] Thanks for listening!	<urn:uuid:3fc861d3-e18b-4bf9-b211-4159c9ad3c10>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.prospectivedoctor.com/mcat-basics-psychosocial-development-and-identity/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00473.warc.gz	en	0.793128	134	2.109375	2
One of President Joe Biden’s boldest moves was to ban new oil and natural gas leasing on public land and water. Now, just after President Biden told world leaders that his administration is committed to slowing climate change with “action, and not words,” his Interior Department oversaw one of the largest oil and gas lease sales in American history. The Biden administration will be opening more than 80 million acres in the Gulf of Mexico to auction for drilling. Energy companies, led by Exxon Mobil, placed bids on 1.7 million acres; it’s unclear how much of that will later be developed. The Trump administration, which first proposed the Gulf of Mexico sale in 2017, estimated it would generate 21 million to 1.12 billion barrels of oil and from 55 billion to 4.42 trillion cubic feet of natural gas. Oil and gas companies stocked up on leases during President Donald Trump’s term but the sites being currently examined were not touched. More than half of the land that was leased during that time by energy companies is currently nonproducing, an analysis found. This new gas and oil lease is different because production levels are at the highest ever seen in the Gulf of Mexico and the Gulf is one of the best basins in terms of oil and gas discovery prospects. Biden Followers Outraged Over New Leasing Environmentalists and other Leftist groups are outraged over the new gas and oil lease auction. “This is an administration that campaigned on dealing with climate change,” said Drew Caputo, an attorney at Earthjustice, which sued to stop the sale. “That’s why this lease sale is so disappointing, because it is the most significant action that the administration will have taken on oil and gas development and it goes in the wrong direction.” Environmental organizations argue there’s more that Biden could have done to stop the sale in an effort to make America “green.” Brettny Hardy, an attorney with the environmental nonprofit Earthjustice leading a lawsuit against the Interior Department, argued the Biden administration could have filed a more aggressive appeal in court, declined to hold the sale this week or withdrawn some of the areas in the Gulf from leasing.”The sale is going to lock in [oil and gas] production for years to come,” Hardy told CNN. “By that time, we need to be moving away from fossil fuels in order to survive. This lease sale is a really critical juncture and is sending us in the exact opposite direction.” Many people on the left and environmentalists believe the Justice Department also could have argued that the environmental risks involved with new gas and oil leases conflict with the National Environmental Protection Act. “It simply does not make sense to put oil company profits over the future of an inhabitable planet,” said Christy Goldfuss, senior vice president for energy and environment policy at the Center for American Progress, a liberal think tank. “The Biden administration must take control of the federal leasing program with its existing authority to fulfill their promises to current and future communities across America. We cannot afford this risky, damaging, and inconsistent approach to managing America’s public lands and ocean.” Though many on the left wish to argue the environment sees the biggest impact if oil and gas leasing continues, the economy could be affected in worse ways if it doesn’t. An analysis published in August by the Conservation Economics Institute, commissioned by the Natural Resources Defense Council and other conservation-based nonprofits, found that a pause in onshore oil and gas leasing would have “negligible” economic impacts in the short term. Biden Administration Resumes Gas and Oil Lease Sales More than a dozen Republican states filed a lawsuit challenging the pause, saying it would cause undue harm to the energy industry and state economies that are reliant on fossil fuel production. Republican lawmakers and fossil fuel companies have been quick to point a finger at the Biden administration’s climate policies as the cause of energy prices surging, and claim lease sales like the one in the Gulf can alleviate prices. Another big issue with pausing leasing on gas and oil is the laws in place which are designed to prevent just that from happening. “The law is pretty clear,” said Erik Milito, president of the National Ocean Industries Association, a trade group for offshore energy companies. “The law states the Interior Department must have a leasing program in place and it must maintain that leasing program, so it’s hard for the Interior Department to just cancel lease sales without a rational basis.” Earlier this summer, a federal judge in Louisiana sided with those points, issuing a nationwide preliminary injunction. Judge Doughty was nominated in 2017 to the US District Court for the Western District of Louisiana by former President Donald Trump. “Millions and possibly billions of dollars are at stake,” Judge Terry Doughty wrote in his ruling. The Biden administration is now forced to open drilling once again, according to White House press secretary Jen Psaki. “We’re required to comply with the injunction; it’s a legal case and legal process,” Psaki told reporters Monday. “But it’s important for advocates and other people out there to understand that it’s not aligned with our view, the President’s policies or the executive order that he signed.” The Biden administration is appealing the injunction but agreed to resume Gas and Oil Lease sales in the meantime. “They can be held in contempt if they don’t comply with the court order and so I think they’re looking at the litigation risk and making a judgment call,” said Hilary Tompkins, an environmental attorney at Hogan Lovells, who served as solicitor of the Interior Department during the Obama administration. Additional gas and oil lease sales are scheduled in Wyoming, Colorado, Montana and other Western states early next year. Do you think we should be creating new oil and gas leasing in the gulf of Mexico? Do you believe the economic impacts of not drilling outweigh the environmental impacts we face if we do? Written by: Erinn Malloy	<urn:uuid:4244665f-d01d-446a-82ba-6a4eb349a9fb>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://1360khnc.com/biden-administration-opens-new-gas-and-oil-leases	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.967519	1,257	2.109375	2
A community gathering Monday afternoon marked the official opening of the new location for the Living Space homeless shelter on Spruce Street South. On behalf of the city, Councillor Cory Robin thanked the community organizations represented there, for the help they give Living Space as the city deals with the challenge posed by homelessness and addictions.. “An organization like this doesn’t exist without the support of the people in its community,” he said. “And an organization like this needs the support of everybody here to overcome he challenge that our city has been facing for several years now.” The shelter is the hub of the city’s works towards ending homelessness by 2025, and solving the addiction crisis. Robin told the ceremony that unlike too many other cities, Timmins admits that it has the challenge, and is doing something about it. “Happy to celebrate that the Living Space is moving locations, increasing services, putting more resources at the fingertips of people who need it, people who need someone to lean on,” he stated. Robin says anyone who overcomes a challenge doesn’t do it in a vacuum – they had someone to lean on.	<urn:uuid:56fa5b22-724d-48a7-a19c-d6873f01dd74>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.mytimminsnow.com/60093/news/living-spaces-new-location-officially-opened-at-community-gathering/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.968826	243	1.5625	2
It is important for people to know their history and where they come from, so that they know where they are going and can plan for the future. In Dr. Tolagbe M. Ogunleye’s historical novel The Unconquered, an immersive view is given into the history of the enslaved Gulla-Geechee/African and Yamassee/Indians people’s plight against the colonizers throughout parts of the east coast. The book’s time period begins in 1715 and covers the 1715 Yamassee War and ends in 1818 after the “first of three successive Gullah-Geechee Wars.” The book is a solid read of over 400 pages in which the reader will learn about a wide variety of information involving African/Black people as well as the European colonizers. Some of these things include but are not limited to: the names of many different Indian tribes, the types of food/diet they had, many enslaved fought their way to freedom, how the formerly enslaved would go around to different plantations the original meaning of the Swastika before it was taken and perverted by the Nazis, the fact that notable Europeans like Andrew Jackson, Thomas Jefferson, and others were either rapist, pedophiles, or both; and lastly, the different settlements the Gulla-Geechee and Yamassee (and other tribes) built in the state of Florida. The events recalled in this novel are sometimes gruesome in detail and painful to read, many of the colonizers did unspeakable things to Africans/Black/Indian people. Since most media we see of enslaved Black people shows them as obedient and docile, this book offers a different perspective of them during the 18th and 19th centuries.	<urn:uuid:c708f438-0389-4f6c-a7df-6cea23a2747d>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.swglobetimes.com/readers-spotlight-4-the-unconquered/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00473.warc.gz	en	0.969782	365	3.5	4
The Reserve Bank of India on Monday gave the go-ahead for a rupee-denominated settlement mechanism for international trade. It is for international trade, and the mechanism will help any such trade to be settled in rupees. Previously, under RBI’s exchange control regulations, international trade (except for those done with Nepal and Bhutan) has to be settled in fully convertible currencies such as the US dollar, the Sterling Pound, Euro, and Yen. This latest notification allows trade to be billed and settled in Indian Rupee. The RBI has said this is to promote exports from India and because there is an increasing interest to trade in the Indian rupee. Experts have said that the trade-settlement mechanism is to further trade with Russia, which has been cut off from its dollar reserves in the US, UK, and the EU. The move will allow India to bypass orders that prevent using a global currency such as the US dollar for trade with certain countries. For example, India has been willing to trade with Russia but several countries have imposed sanctions on its banks and restricted Moscow’s ability to carry out transactions in major currencies. A rupee settlement mechanism will allow India to bypass these sanctions and trade using the domestic currency. Reasons behind it: India’s forex reserves are healthy at $588.3 billion (as of July 8) which can cover nearly 10 months of imports, but the central bank has been generously spending from it to support the sliding Indian rupee–which the bank does by selling dollars. This is when India has been seeing a massive outflow of foreign portfolio investments and is seeing record trade deficits–in June 2022, the country’s trade deficit was $25.63 billion, which was more than 2.5x what it was in June 2021’s $9.6 billion. Sensing which way the wind is blowing, the central bank had recently announced a few measures to preserve and even increase the forex reserves. It allowed banks to raise interest rates on foreign-currency-holding accounts of non-resident Indians. It doubled the external commercial borrowing limit under the automatic route to $1.5 in one fiscal year and allowed FPIs to invest in more debt securities. With the latest rupee settlement mechanism, if an exporting country is willing to accept rupee payments, then there will be less pressure on India’s forex reserve. - Advertisement - Rupee drops to a new low Meanwhile, the rupee dropped by 19 paise to close at its new low of 79.45 against the US dollar on Monday. The fall was due to high demand for dollars and outflow of foreign funds, analysts said. At the forex market, the rupee opened at 79.30 against the dollar on Monday. It witnessed a mid-day high of 79.24 and a low of 79.50 before settling at 79.45. The currency has now depreciated for three successive trading sessions. How will it work? 1st another country has to express interest in setting up this mechanism, then its central bank and the RBI will set up a common pool of money putting in equal amounts. The central banks will authorize certain local banks to operationalize this trade-settlement mechanism; such banks on the Indian side will e called Authorised Dealer banks. The local bank in the other country will hold RBI’s money in their local currency and the bank in the Indian side will hold the other central bank’s money in rupees. That’s where the ‘Rupee Vostro Accounts’, comes in. Vostro simply means “your money in our account”, therefore ‘Rupee Vostro Accounts’ keep the foreign entity’s holdings in the Indian bank, in Indian rupees. In its notification, the RBI said banks would need to take its permission before setting up the rupee trade settlement mechanism. For enabling the mechanism, banks would need to create special rupee Vostro accounts for the banks of the trading partner countries. A Vostro account allows a bank to hold money on behalf of another lender. When an Indian trader exports, he/she can approach his/her regular bank, which will send the invoice to the Indian AD bank. The Indian AD Bank will debit the Rupee Vostro account and credit the money to the exporter’s regular bank, which will in turn credit the money to the exporter’s bank account. When an Indian trader imports, he/she will transfer the payment into his/her regular bank, which will then transfer that to the AD bank. The AD Bank will credit the Rupee Vostro Account, and the exporter from the other country will be paid through the authorized bank there and in the local currency. In other words, Indian importers using this mechanism will be paying in rupees that will be credited into the Vostro account of the bank of the trading partner country against the invoices for the supply of goods or services. For Indian exporters, they will be paid rupees from the balance in the designated special Vostro account. Indian exporters can also be paid in advance in rupees under this mechanism. But Before allowing any such receipt of advance payment against exports, Indian Banks shall ensure that available funds in these accounts are first used towards payment obligations arising out of already executed export orders/export payments in the pipeline.” In case, a bank of a trade partner country approaches an Indian lender to open a special rupee Vostro account, it must seek RBI’s approval. The Federation of Indian Export Organisations welcomed the provisions. The central pool of money will thus be debited and credited as long as the mechanism is in place, and at regular intervals, the country that has the balance of payments in its favor will decide what to do with what is remaining in the pool. “The deciding country may want to invest this money in the other country, or it may want the balance to be remitted to them in whichever currency and at whatever exchange rate the two countries decide,” said Sahai. He said that a similar mechanism was worked out with Iran years ago but it has become dormant since India decided to stop importing oil from Iran in 2019. “We had converted all our oil dues to Iran into rupees and Indian exporters were being paid from that account,” he said. Going by RBI’s latest note, the whole process starts when a bank from another country approaches the AD bank in India and says something like ‘We’d like to set up a Vostro account for the rupee-settled trade’. Then the Indian bank will take that request to the RBI’s Foreign Exchange Department at the Central Office in Mumbai. The Indian bank has to ensure that the partner bank isn’t from ‘high risk and non-cooperative jurisdictions. The banks simply have to refer to the FATF’s list, which names jurisdictions that have “weak measures to combat money laundering and terrorist financing”. Will, there be any Add benefits: One, an exporter can receive advance payments in rupees through this mechanism. Two, if an exporter also imports from his/her overseas partner, then the exporter can ‘set-off’ or subtract the export receivable from the import payable. The balance would then be paid to the exporter. Three, these trade transactions can be supported with bank guarantees. Exporters have raised another kind of concern with the government. Generally speaking, exports in rupees or in any currency other than given foreign currencies are not entitled to export benefits. So, the government should clarify whether exports in Indian rupees will get the same benefits. These benefits are substantial and they add to the competitiveness of Indian exports.” This had been done when the agreement had been reached between Iran and India.	<urn:uuid:0cd945f1-80b6-4907-a292-931c2ee52d6a>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.gyanjarahatke.com/rbi-develop-a-mechanism-for-rupee-international-trade-mechanism/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.954439	1,639	1.851563	2
tmux is a software application that can be used to multiplex several virtual consoles, allowing a user to access multiple separate terminal sessions inside a single terminal window or remote terminal session. In simple terms, it allows you to execute long-lived processed that should continue to run after you disconnect from the SSH session. sudo pkg install tmux to start a new session, or to attach to an existing session. You can create a new window by pressing C-b c (so press Ctrl-b and then just c). Switching to the next window can be done with C-b n and switching to the previous is achieved with C-b p. For the many other options, see the References section below. For more information about keybindings and other issues, check the man page:	<urn:uuid:35db3f40-ea74-4ea7-bd85-e750ec2c533e>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://it.pointpark.edu/tutorials/tmux/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.797674	195	1.953125	2
Nicollete gives birth to baby son which was attached outside the uterus A woman defied the odds - and medical advice - by giving birth to a healthy baby she had carried just outside her uterus. Doctors had thought Nicollete Soto, 27, from Phoenix, Arizona, was carrying the foetus in her abdomen, completely outside her womb. She was warned that carrying her child to full term could risk both their lives. But Miss Soto was adamant she wanted to keep the baby. 'We took a risk,' Miss Soto's boyfriend, Victor Perfecto, told the Arizona Republic. 'We left it for doctors to decide when to deliver the baby and God to decide everything else.' Baby Azelan Cruz Perfecto was delivered by Caesarian section at 32 weeks, weighing just 2lb 14oz. Although premature, doctors at the Banner Good Samaritan Medical Centre say he is healthy. Before birth, the baby was in a dangerous position - held between just a thin wall of membrane and muscle just outside the safety of his mother's womb. Doctors needed to operate at just the right time, giving the baby long enough to survive without his mother's support; but not waiting so long that his protective bubble would burst - killing both mother and child. But after the delivery doctors found Miss Soto didn't have an abdominal pregnancy, as had been feared. Rather, the embryo had attached itself to the delicate area where the fallopian tube meets the uterus, what is known as a cornual or interstitial pregnancy. The placenta was not attached to a vital organ but was instead mostly attached to a uterine wall, making its removal much simpler than doctors expected. Nevertheless, survival rates for such pregnancies are low, and doctors were astounded that both mother and baby made it through. Dr. Curtis Cook from Phoenix Perinatal Associations told myfoxphoenix.com: 'It's very unusual, she's very fortunate and we are pleased that she and the baby are doing well. 'To her credit, she absolutely wanted to push through even it was putting herself at risk.' Although teams of vascular, trauma, urology and radiology surgeons were on hand in case of an emergency, they were not needed. Miss Soto and Mr Perfecto both work, but neither has health insurance, so the unusual pregnancy was not discovered until 18 weeks after the couple qualified for state medical help. Doctors said that if the warning signs had been spotted earlier, they would have advised Miss Soto to have a termination as risk of rupture and blood loss would have been too great. But removing the fetus at such a late stage would have been tricky. Surgeons might have to remove her uterus or cut out a part of her bowel. If the placenta had attached to an vital organ, doctors would have to perform delicate surgery to detach it, or give Miss Soto a drug used in chemotherapy to kill the remaining tissue. In the end the only abnormal outcome of the delivery will be a larger than usual abdominal scar. The baby is expected to remain in hospital for three to four weeks, while his mother will be at home in a few days.	<urn:uuid:51d41908-45f8-4fed-a0dc-f27dbd553a50>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://thelifeinstitute.net/learning-centre/personal-stories/nicollete-sotto	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.986411	653	1.601563	2
The Korean War was a conflict on the Korean peninsula between the Republic of Korea and the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea, otherwise known respectively as South and North Korea. Both sides waged war for control of the entirety of the nation with the aid of allies; the United States backing South Korea, while China and the Soviet Union backed North Korea. The war was fought from 1950 to 1953 without a victor. The fighting was brought to an end with an armistice that divided Korea at the 38th parallel, but did not technically bring an end to the war. North and South Korea have since existed as independent nations on the peninsula, sharing an uneasy peace occasionally disrupted, usually by military action or political threats from North Korea.	<urn:uuid:0675a90c-836c-433b-a108-95955a2aa7d2>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.giantbomb.com/korean-war/3015-7874/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.960025	147	3.546875	4
Nitty Luce is an orphanand a thief. Magnolious is an elephantand a fugitive. When the two misfits come face to face in the middle of a blinding dust storm, they form an immediate bond. But with Nitty hiding a stolen pouch of gleaming green seeds and Mag mere moments from being hanged, the two don't have much time to get to know each other. Escaping into the storm, they end up on a barren farm in Fortune's Bluff, a town withered by a decade of dust storms. While most would be deterred by the farm's curmudgeonly owner, Windle Homes, Nitty sees past his harsh exterior. She promises to bring the farm back to lifewith the help of Mag and those little green seeds. Soon enough, Nitty and Mag are harvesting their first crop, and they're quickly the talk of the town. But as the townspeople become hopeful, the Mayor Neezer Snollygost becomes suspicious. Will Nitty and Mag be able to save Fortune's Bluff and make a new, safe home for themselves? Doing so might just take a miracle. . . . Related collections and offers About the Author Read an Excerpt Nitty Luce wasn’t born a thief. She wasn’t born to rescue elephants. Or to make miracles. Nobody ever told her that, though, so she never had reason to doubt. If she’d doubted, none of the bamboozling goings-on in Fortune’s Bluff that spring might ever have happened. But they did happen. The morning started much like any other, with Nitty’s empty stomach. It was near on two weeks since she’d run away from Grimsgate Orphanage, two weeks fighting pigs for the slop in their troughs and waiting for breadlines to empty out to scrounge a few dropped crumbs. She wouldn’t stoop to begging, not after Headmistress Ricketts’s stories of police tossing street urchins into lockup. Just yesterday she’d caught sight of her reflection in a store window, and oh, was she a shambles! Her tumbleweed hair poked out in all directions, crispy with days-old dust. There was a film over her sun-toasted skin and her flour-sack dress, so in the glass she appeared more as a dirt smear than a ten-year-old girl. “You’ll bunk in prison with the likes of Cutthroat Cob,” Miz Ricketts had told them at the orphanage. She always gave this sinister warning before lights-out, in case any of her wards got ideas about running away at night. “Or worse, Fang-Toothed Lou.” Nitty didn’t believe a word of it. At least, not during daylight hours. Still, she didn’t like the idea of fangs of any sort, so whenever she caught sight of police officers, she kept her distance. But this particular morning, she was doing battle with her hunger again, and it was being a downright bully. When she wandered into the heart of a city, a solid piece west of Grimsgate and north of nowhere, she was too light-headed to worry over police. In fact, on reading the poster nailed to a lone withering tree on Main Street, Nitty had to steady herself against a nearby lamppost. Come one, come all! Witness the death of a murderous four-ton beast! Public hanging in the square at high noon A Gusto and Gallant spectacle never to be forgotten. Below the words was a gruesome cartoon drawing of a circus elephant trampling a man, with a small caption: great magnolious kills trainer in cold blood. Nitty leaned closer, studying the fangs and claws drawn on the elephant, the steam pouring from its mouth and trunk, the smoldering rage in its eyes. The picture was nightmarish, the sort of sensational rubbish Miz Ricketts loved to read about in the Daily Tattler. Nitty didn’t think too harshly of the Tattler, though. In fact, she often rescued old editions from the fireplace before they became kindling. They offered the most entertaining reading at Grimsgate. Now the crowd gathered about the poster was nodding and whispering, heads bobbing like the wind-up tin clowns Nitty had once seen in a toy shop. “Savage business,” one man declared, while two young women fretted about needing to procure smelling salts before the hanging. “The Gusto and Gallant Circus is well rid of the monster. I feel its devilry in my very bones. It would kill again, mark my words.” “Yes,” one woman twittered. “I heard its eyes are red as Beelzebub himself.” Nitty frowned. What did these people know about this elephant? Not a speck more than she did, probably. She’d never seen an elephant before, and she doubted any of them had either. She’d once read an account of an elephant in the Tattler, a “Just So” story by a man named Rudyard Kipling, that said the animals had an “insatiable curiosity.” “Insatiable” made her think of eating chocolate, which would be delicious and wonderful, if there were any chocolate to be had. Which there was not. But if “insatiable” made her think of the delicious and wonderful, then an elephant’s curiosity must be those things as well. Elephants must surely be like orphan girls, she decided: creatures sorely misunderstood and blamed for a host of troubles they had nothing to do with. She nudged her way through the crowd, glimpsing food carts and tinkers’ wagons lining the edges of the square. A barbershop quartet sang at one corner while a clown at another sold balloons. The square had the jaunty atmosphere of a carnival, which seemed even worse than backward to Nitty, given the occasion—especially once she spotted a towering crane rising up from its center. The crane, she guessed, was how they meant to hoist Magnolious from her feet. It was every kind of awful. A chain fashioned into a noose hung from its arm, swaying as a forceful gust of wind hit it. Nitty shielded her eyes from the grit blasting her face, and others around her held kerchiefs to their mouths and scanned the sky. They were worrying over a dust storm, waiting for the telltale mud-colored clouds to barrel down on them with the force of a bison stampede. Nitty held her breath, scoping for alleyways where she might take shelter, but the gust soon wheezed out. She turned away from the crane. She wouldn’t watch the hanging, a gawker like the rest. It would be too cruel. But—her stomach whined at wafting scents of roasted peanuts and cotton candy—she would stay close by, in case somebody spilled popcorn or dropped one or two precious peanuts. Most any food had a sandy aftertaste these days anyway, so it wouldn’t much matter if she got it from the ground. She was heading toward the peanut cart when a sudden spark of green caught her eye. She swiveled her head and spotted a wooden wagon. A slatted board in its side was propped open to display an array of colorful oddities. Puppets dangling from strings, jewel-toned bottles full of mysterious potions or exotic perfumes, glass globes holding miniature kingdoms so real-looking that Nitty half expected to see ant-sized people popping out of their cottages and castles. The sign painted along the wagon’s side read the merrythought windowshop. Nitty stepped closer, and again a twinkle of green flashed. She traced it to a small open pouch full of the strangest objects she’d ever seen. Shaped like question marks no bigger than a fingernail, they were the greenest sight in town. Maybe in the whole county—or state, for that matter. Their bright hue was so cheerful, so incandescent, that Nitty had the urge to climb into the pouch with them. Her heart reached out to them, rising snugly and pleasantly into her throat. Being inside that pouch would be like being in a proper jungle—a jungle so full up with trees and plants that she could wrap herself in hammocks of leaves and weave herself a home of vines. Nothing would be brown in that jungle. Even dirt and rocks would grow lovely, fuzzy moss.	<urn:uuid:ff16b477-c0cc-429e-a0de-9fa11100575a>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/a-tale-magnolious-suzanne-m-nelson/1129705385?ean=9781984831743	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.972897	1,843	1.726563	2
SUFFIELD -- — Cathy Cunningham stirs with a frayed wooden spoon a mixture of lye and fat to make a cake, but not for eating. Lye -- a poisonous chemical used to clear drains -- and fat are the two basic ingredients of soap, although the finished product contains neither. Cunningham makes the soap as a hobby the way it was made in horse-and-buggy days, and the way her mother made it on their old farm. Outside her North Grand Street home, a small sign announces her soaps for sale at $1.50 a bar. In the winter, she leaves a basket of soap near the road. In the summer people have to come to the door to make a purchase because it's so hot, she said. Like her jams and jellies and other handicrafts, the bars get wrapped with other gifts and presented to friends and neighbors in baskets during the holidays and on other occasions. A semi-retired schoolteacher, Cunningham said she doesn't sell huge amounts, and doesn't keep large stocks because soap-making is labor-intensive, and the conditions have to be just so. The process takes place all year. She collects rainwater in gallon milk jugs, although she hasn't this summer because of the drought. She'll go to the local butcher and buy 12 pounds of fat. She grinds the fat, then places it in a roasting pan and melts it in the oven. She pours the liquid fat through cheesecloth and stores it. When she is ready to make soap, she pours a can of lye into 4 1/2 cups of rainwater. The mixture naturally becomes hot. She also heats the liquid fat. The lye water must be between 93 and 95 degrees and the fat 125 degrees. When the temperatures are right, she sparingly pours the lye water into an enamel-coated pot filled with the fat. Using an electric beater, she beats the watery mixture, the color of applesauce, for up to an hour, or until it turns thick, like pancake batter. The consistency indicates the chemicals have changed to soap and glycerin. She then pours the mixture into a box lined with wax paper. The mixture hardens slowly. When she doesn't use coloring or a scent, the bars are pale-colored and have a faint scent of animal fat. Unlike commercial soap, a bar of traditional soap can last a year. "Years ago, women on the farm did it using fat from cooking," she said. "Women didn't use a mixer at all, but when I stand here an hour mixing this, I said, `that's enough,' " she said. She usually makes a batch without perfumes or coloring agents, although she said she has been experimenting more with scents and color and vegetable oils. She doesn't make any money doing it, she said. Her reasons are purely sentimental. During the Depression, her mother, Oli Sessler, made soap from fat on their farm in Colrain, Mass., on the Green River. Her mother died 17 years ago. Several years ago, Cunningham found an ice-cube- sized soap her mother had made. Cunningham said she won't use it, but it inspired her to take up soap-making. The piece has smooth edges from years of being held in the hand. "When you lose your mother, anything you remember your mother did, you find yourself repeating it," she said. "I don't remember her making it, but I still have a bar my mother made." She started making soap about two years ago and has since met people who have their own stories about it. One woman said she used goats' milk instead of rainwater. Another, in Maine, made soap for guests. Others use borax or ammonia. She has heard sugar makes more suds. "It's like a cake, a chocolate cake," she said. "Everyone has their own recipe." Her longtime friend, Bobbi Lyman, said Cunningham has always been adept at handiwork, including gardening, rug-braiding and furniture-covering. Although she still buys commercial soap, Lyman said the homemade soap works especially well on cloth stains. "She makes it out of rainwater and it's very pure. People stop and come to the front door and ask her for it," Lyman said. "It's rather unusual. People seem to want it."	<urn:uuid:ba31c45e-3bce-45f2-b844-85e894ea8edb>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.courant.com/news/connecticut/hc-xpm-1995-09-08-9509080536-story.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.97897	927	2.421875	2
The specialty of this building is combination between two concepts in one building, namely urban and resort. The front of building (north) adopted urban architecture style with dynamic geometric sector design, while the inside of the house (south) accentuate the resort nuance. If we look at the house with the position facing toward the road, then the road is not very large, very urban, and crowded. But we enter into inside, the area is very broad. At the rear house, the land is decline and has the green view. “Because of uniqueness of this land, then architects combine between urban and resort concept. Where the land toward road is very urban, while behind is full of the resort nuance. Building with area of 600 m² is successfully combining the two characters. The building is divided into two parts. The function is also divided, in which the front functioned for child’s bedroom. The room is made more urban. While living room and master bedroom, faced back toward the indoor garden. It’s considered because the resort has quiet space. In the front, because it’s more urban and noisy, then the window openings are not too many. The forms that used more geometric. While the behind, designed as if we are in the gazebo. Like the living room as if surrounded by garden. Only remains closed with doors and glass window because sometimes tropical condition, such as mosquitoes, insects and air conditioning (AC), then to meet it, the space must be enclosed. But in view and feeling, we are like in the middle of garden. The room composition is arranged well, so that interior and exterior are fused. In addition to the rear of building, the resort nuance is also present in the middle of building that is an inner court surrounded by three buildings. Inner court was designed from the ground floor to top, so it became orientation center in space. Although the land is large, architects still make the inner court in the middle between front and rear building. The goal as source of air blowing and lighting in the room. All rooms have windows naturally. Although the building is very bright with many openings, but still prioritize good air circulation to enter and exit the wind, so that the heat arising from the sun, not felt. So anything in the room may be hot, but because there is air blowing, then air temperature in the room will not be felt hot. Then openings position is important, including the courtyard to provide air circulation and good natural lighting. There is also cross ventilation both horizontally and vertically. The house location in water infiltration area, so the land for this house only uses no more than 30% of 800 m² of land available. The interior design was clean, like interior with white domination in almost all parts of house. The use of HPL patterned zebrano and bright colors like red and blue in child’s bedroom, make the room more dynamic, not pale but cheerful. The use of building materials in this house is not much using wood, such as aluminum window and roof construction using mild steel. Architects use the wood to save our forest, because the design is contemporary tropical, it must be many wood elements. The building outside, there are certain walls that looks like wood boards whereas cement based. Just painted and shaped like wood texture. Most important, the building must be reasonable, both the cost aspect and maintenance.	<urn:uuid:e75cfea7-bf1d-4870-a026-ee86dd141b52>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.blazzinghouse.com/modern-and-exotic-resort-design-architects/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.962084	691	2.046875	2
The New Jersey Economic Development Authority (NJEDA) and the New Jersey Board of Public Utilities (NJBPU) have approved two memoranda of understanding (MOUs) that will make nearly $6 million available to support offshore wind and other clean energy projects in the state. Under the agreements, New Jersey’s Clean Energy Program (NJCEP), which is administered by NJBPU, will provide $4.5 million to support NJEDA-led workforce development projects aimed at preparing more New Jersey workers for jobs in offshore wind, and $1.25 million to support early-stage, New Jersey-based cleantech companies. “Clean energy is the future and positioning New Jersey in the offshore wind industry and other clean energy initiatives is crucial not only to growing our state’s economy but also to creating good jobs and business opportunities for workers and business owners in New Jersey,” says Tim Sullivan, CEO of NJEDA. “The NJEDA’s partnership with the NJBPU will prepare New Jersey students and workers for clean energy jobs coming to our state and help innovative New Jersey companies. These are important steps that will support workers and companies impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and pave the way for a strong, sustainable recovery,” he adds. Both Governor Phil Murphy’s New Jersey Energy Master Plan released earlier this year and his Stronger and Fairer Economic Plan identify offshore wind and clean energy as target sectors that have strong potential to drive long-term, sustainable economic growth. In line with these plans, New Jersey has committed to producing 7,500 MW of offshore wind energy by 2035 and a wave of offshore wind projects is slated for development along the East Coast, with the first project – Ørsted‘s Ocean Wind – coming online in 2024. Earlier this year, Murphy’s WIND Council released a report outlining recommendations for the creation of the WIND Institute to coordinate workforce and innovation efforts to position New Jersey in the offshore wind industry and to ensure equitable access to opportunities in this new and expanding industry for minorities and women. With the recently approved MOUs, the NJEDA and NJBPU will jumpstart progress toward implementing these recommendations with a total of $5.75 million in funding. The first MOU provides $4.5 million to support offshore wind workforce development projects. Examples of these programs include a competition to develop the first Global Wind Organization (GWO) safety training program in the Mid-Atlantic region; best-in-class wind turbine technician training programs; a plan to establish pathways for New Jersey students and workers to enter the offshore wind industry; and seminars about offshore wind job creation for labor unions, high schools, vocational-technical schools, colleges and universities so that students, energy workers and job seekers can train to work in the industry. In the second MOU, NJBPU will provide $1.25 million to fund programs supporting early-stage cleantech companies in New Jersey. The NJEDA plans to use this funding in partnership with the New Jersey Commission on Science Innovation and Technology (NJCSIT) to develop a seed grant program that will aid local cleantech businesses during the critical proof of concept and prototyping stages. The NJEDA also intends to execute a research and development asset mapping and voucher initiative to increase equitable access to and utilization of the state’s existing cleantech innovation programs and initiatives. The funding will be utilized immediately, with the aim of establishing operational programs by mid-2021. Photo: Governor Murphy introducing New Jersey’s Energy Master Plan Original source: North American Wind Power	<urn:uuid:358c8acf-4e08-4593-b8fa-a161a978a0c0>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://energynewsdesk.com/njbpu-njeda-approve-two-mous-for-offshore-wind-clean-energy-projects/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.919429	754	1.734375	2
Guideline source: American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Literature search described? No Evidence rating system used? No Published source: Pediatrics, July 2010 Invasive disease from Streptococcus pneumoniae remains a public health problem in children, despite widespread use of the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7; Prevnar). In 2000, an estimated 14.5 million cases occurred in children younger than five years, resulting in approximately 826,000 deaths. The frequency of invasive pneumococcal disease attributed to serotypes not included in PCV7 has increased, prompting the need for a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine with expanded coverage. In February 2010, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration licensed a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13; Prevnar 13) for use in children two through 71 months of age. PCV13 will replace PCV7. It contains the same seven pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides that are in PCV7, plus six additional serotypes that are responsible for substantial rates of invasive pneumococcal disease in U.S. children. It is administered as a four-dose series given at two, four, six, and 12 through 15 months of age. PCV13 will follow the same routine and catch-up immunization schedules recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. All children two through 59 months of age should receive the vaccine, as should children 60 through 71 months of age who have underlying medical conditions that increase their risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (e.g., those with chronic heart or lung disease; diabetes mellitus; sickle cell disease; anatomic or functional asplenia; human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] infection or another immunocompromising condition; or a cochlear implant or cerebrospinal fluid leak). Children who have received at least one dose of PCV7 should complete the vaccination series with PCV13 once it is available. Previously administered PCV7 doses count toward completion of the recommended vaccination series. A single supplemental dose of PCV13 is recommended for healthy children 14 through 59 months of age who have been completely vaccinated with PCV7. An interval of at least eight weeks is recommended between the final dose of PCV7 and the supplemental dose of PCV13. A supplemental dose also is recommended for children 14 through 71 months of age who are at high risk of pneumococcal disease and have been completely immunized with PCV7. Children should not be recalled for vaccination, but the supplemental dose should be given at the next appropriate medical visit. A single dose of PCV13 should be administered to children six through 18 years of age who are at increased risk of invasive pneumococcal disease, regardless of whether they have received PCV7 or the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV; Pneumovax). Children at high risk of invasive pneumococcal disease who are at least two years of age should receive PPSV after the PCV13 series is complete; PPSV should be given at least eight weeks after the last dose of PCV13 but as soon as possible after a diagnosis of chronic illness is made. Another dose of PPSV—for a total of two doses—is recommended five years after the first dose for children with sickle cell disease, anatomic or functional asplenia, HIV infection, or other immunocompromising conditions.	<urn:uuid:4a245872-0816-461d-820d-c35d8ac8e6e6>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2010/1015/p996.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.937042	736	3.03125	3
Envia per correu-e aquest* Article Now About That “Mistake” per Sudhama Ranganathan Correu-e: firstname.lastname@example.org (no verificat!) 18 jul 2011 Lately war has been a hot topic. There have been the events of the Arab Spring and all the activity there. There has been the locating and subsequent killing of Osama Bin Laden, negotiations between our government and the Taliban and the ramifications those things have for Afghanistan and the promise made to track down the person most responsible and then leave. There has also been exasperation about the ongoing situation in Iraq America can no longer afford. During the Cold War from the end of WWII to 1989 war fueled everything we did. We had this ideological enemy and we focused like a laser on him and the struggle against communism until the fall of the USSR. Of course there are still many people here in our government and military that want to continue to have war drive us. They are stuck in a rut and a way of thinking reeking of moth balls needing to smell less. They have relied heavily on primitive ideas of getting what they want. Violence is seldom a solution and only best when used in defense. Walking in and clubbing people until they give you what you want is a temporary solution to any problem at best and eventually backfires. What happens is sooner or later pent up resentment, aggression, anger and bitterness stemming from that action turns into hatred and then eventually people are faced with insurgents, terrorists and rebels. Then comes the need for more and more troops and “intelligence” operations to stem the rising tides of discontent both from those being clubbed and those on the front lines tired of doing and paying the price for the clubbing. Of course all the fighting, intelligence and let's not forget nation building costs money – lots of it. Our tax dollars are the lifeblood of such monstrosities and the monsters we create become parasites whether they want to or not. As they grow fatter and sloppier we lose blood. A little here a little there and no-one notices, but when a little turns into pint upon pint it begins to wear out the host and can drain and break the host itself potentially killing it. Who does that benefit? The majority of people paying those taxes are middle-class Americans. Funding the Cold War was something we could afford and why not? Our credit was great just ask the people that lent us so much of our money at that time – the Japanese (who we still owe money to). But as our jobs got quietly shipped off to countries run by dictators, autocrats and communists during that time what the people allowing those jobs to be shipped off neglected to mention to middle-class Americans was that the amount of money middle-class Americans took in would decrease and there would be no jobs to make up for the loss despite all the promises from politicians of both parties. The debt kept building and we kept having to pay more and more. We were left living in the suburbs of rust belts and cities of litter and glass strewn sidewalks. Not only were we funding quiet wars but our tax dollars were funding our military to act as private security guards for large American corporations with “interests” overseas such as oil companies and oh yes the factories those jobs once located here were relocated to. We not only elected people that allowed our jobs to be sent overseas but then were forced with threat of imprisonment to pay for security for those factories. There's long term thinking. The corporations that were protected by our dollars got richer, but that did not translate into more money for the average American. In the suburbs more and more people went from working one job to both parents having to work two and three just to meet the bills. In poorer communities, especially urban ones, people were lucky to have jobs if they had them, and the situation grew even starker. People became poorer as the jobs which helped poor inner city folk raise their standard of living were exported. The quality of education once on the rise and at the top across the world dropped significantly as we could no longer afford decent educations in our inner cities and elsewhere. What good has all that gotten us? Safer? Do you feel safer? Richer? Do you feel more prosperous? Freer? Do you feel more liberated? Are you? We cannot allow nostalgia for the old ways of the Cold War and that “the rich will save us” mentality on the part of certain people hold us back, break our beautiful nation and make us poorer as a people and a country. Now add to that the two wars. Afghanistan had a reason behind it, we needed to get Al Qaeda and the Taliban refused to hand them or at least Osama Bin Laden over. As far as the Taliban the Bush administration just prior to that had approved $43 million dollars in aid to the Taliban. (http://www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=3556http://www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=3556http://www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=3556http://www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=3556 ) Interesting. We went in there to get Al Qaeda and went to war with the Taliban since they would not hand Bin Laden over. Funny thing happened on the way to accomplishing that mission. After all the post 9/11 speeches, fund raisers, concerts, movies, TV shows, songs and more President Bush on March 14, 2002, less than a year after the attacks, said of Osama Bin Laden, “He's a person who's now been marginalized. His network […] his host government has been destroyed. [...] So I don't know where he is. I just don't spend that much time on him. To be completely honest with you.” (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=apLVd7_66ds&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=apLVd7_66ds&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=apLVd7_66ds&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=apLVd7_66ds&feature=related ) Huh? And then came the “mistake.” The one in Iraq. The one that has cost us trillions and will continue to cost us billions per month until we pull out. We were told we were there because of WMD and sold on some murky lines about a hazy unclear connection between Hussein and Al Qaeda. We believed it and devoted ourselves as a country to following the pain we absorbed after 9/11 to eradicate its source. Yet after going into Iraq we found nothing at all. President Bush when questioned on Iraq and Saddam Hussein's supposed weapons said, “the main reason we went into Iraq was we thought he had weapons of mass destruction. It turns out he didn't, but he had the capacity to make weapons of mass destruction.” When a reporter during the same press conference asked him what Iraq had to do with the attacks on the 9/11 on the World Trade centers he said, “Nothing.” (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5LwMTjeu5f4&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5LwMTjeu5f4&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5LwMTjeu5f4&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5LwMTjeu5f4&feature=related ) He talked about all the resentment in that part of the world as a reason for being in both places, but Afghanistan is not in the Middle East and it is culturally completely different from Iraq with a totally separate people, history and even balance regarding religion. Iraq is mostly Shi'a and Afghanistan is mostly Sunni. In fact we recently learned how false all those assertions have been when during the Arab spring people were not calling for anti-western anti-American style governments. Actually they wanted to be more like us. Apparently they had been wanting western style democracy for a long time. Once again Bush had wrong intelligence apparently. We went into Iraq based on faulty evidence from the CIA presented to us by the Bush administration that had been warned by Joseph Plame and the Department of Energy there was insufficient or no evidence. (http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/library/congress/2004_rpt/iraq-wmd_://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/library/congress/2004_rpt/iraq-wmd_intell_09jul2004_report2.pdfhttp://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/library/congress/2004_rpt/iraq-wmd_://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/library/congress/2004_rpt/iraq-wmd_intell_09jul2004_report2.pdf ) (http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/library/reports/2005/wmd_report_25m://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/library/reports/2005/wmd_report_25mar2005_chap01.htmhttp://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/library/reports/2005/wmd_report_25m://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/library/reports/2005/wmd_report_25mar2005_chap01.htm ) We have spent over $700 trillion since the start of the Iraq War there alone and we learned in 2004 there never were any WMD or links to 9/11 from the horses mouth – then President Bush. Why are we still there? We are a generous people and would love to help other nations rebuild if we can. But we are falling apart rapidly. Are we going to let terrorists break us? We have bills we cannot pay and the trillions being dumped into Iraq and Afghanistan need to come back home – today. President Obama has said the time to discuss accelerating the drawdown in Afghanistan is now. Secretary of defense Bob Gates backed that up specifically linking the two wars when stating after being asked about why we were talking to the Taliban, ”First of all we just killed the guy who was responsible for attacking us on September 11th. And we have taken out a lot of other Al Qaeda as well over the years. Look we ended up talking to people in Anbar Province in Iraq who were directly killing had directly been involved in killing our troops. That's the way wars end.” (http://sotu.blogs.cnn.com/2011/06/19/the-robert-gates-exit-interview-spe://sotu.blogs.cnn.com/2011/06/19/the-robert-gates-exit-interview-speaking-his-mind/http://sotu.blogs.cnn.com/2011/06/19/the-robert-gates-exit-interview-spe://sotu.blogs.cnn.com/2011/06/19/the-robert-gates-exit-interview-speaking-his-mind/ ) It was the right connection at the right time as the Iraqi government has recently stated when a US congressman suggested we be repaid by them for some of the reconstruction of their country absolutely not. Obviously they don't even want us there. Are we there to rebuild a country that doesn't even want us to rebuild it, and that we can never afford to rebuild? WTF are we doing there? It's time to cut the cord, take off the training wheels and let them do it on their own. It's overdue and we cannot afford it anymore. People claiming that simply want us to protect oil companies that have not paid US taxes for years in many cases. Companies that are incorporated overseas to avoid the taxes we pay to protect them. American companies? Please. Let them hire their own security guards. They can afford it. We can't. Let's get back to the promises of change and hope here. Whoever wishes to be at the front of that campaign whether Democrat, Republican or other let's hope they mean real change and a new direction for tomorrow's America. Let's rebuild our nation, become competitive again and robust. Let's become a world leader again not turn into fools that used to be great, but allowed themselves to rot and go fallow protecting oil companies that never cared a thing for them anyways. Stop the primrose path and the lies! Let's do it for us. Let's do it for the children. Let's do it for the promise of a better tomorrow. Let's do it to avoid becoming impoverished. Let's elect a leader this time that will deliver on that for sure or has. Let's find out who has the guts to do the right thing and the spine to stand up to the oil companies and other “interests” for the promise of the new tomorrow for America. Let's let action be the guide. To read about my inspiration for this article go to www.lawsuitagainstuconn.com. This work is in the public domain Ja no es poden afegir comentaris en aquest article. Ya no se pueden añadir comentarios a este artículo. Comments can not be added to this article any more	<urn:uuid:0a2884e6-6afb-45c8-9186-dbbd79b1a009>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	http://barcelona.indymedia.org/newswire/display/427188	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.964165	2,904	1.679688	2
If you are interested in earning profits from the stock exchange, one probability that may be worth exploring is normally automated trading. Automated trading may be the practice of executing operate transactions with the aid of programmed software packages. This kind of trading seeks to leverage the computing power and swiftness of pcs compared to https://7invest.net/pt-pt/avaliacoes/bitcoin-system/ actual our traders. However , even though this kind of technology has been around for decades, it is just now gaining more worldwide recognition as traders are discovering its potential. You may contemplate why more people are at this time investing in automated trading. One cause of the increase in fascination is the availableness of more powerful and sophisticated trading software. Many of these applications are capable of offering very exact picks with minimal or no human treatment. These devices are especially made for new traders who don’t have the programming skills essential to consider other factors into account, such as trading psychology. Automated trading program can also provide very accurate alerts, eliminating the need for emotions and also other factors. Still, even with this kind of advantage, many newbie investors still do certainly not completely know the way they do the job. If you want to have the most out of the automated trading software, it is important that you understand how they work. To begin with, automatic day trading systems are not suitable for long-term earnings generation. They may be more suited to provide immediate profits to get amateurs or perhaps newer dealers who have not yet learned every one of the ins and outs of this stock market. They are also ideal for traders who also are already self-confident of their technical analysis and do not want additional support from a person trader. These systems can also be used simply by traders exactly who do not have the perfect time to spend on viewing the market regularly. There are a variety of various programs readily available, allowing even the busiest investors to still have the ability to generate income. It is crucial to remember that automated trading https://review.fuelcarddesigns.com/?p=53655 decisions are not hundred percent perfect. Investors who have developed their very own software to view the market meant for specific patterns may still make negative trades every so often. Also, actually if a program the great decision once, it could decide in another way when up against conflicting signals from the marketplace. Therefore , dealers should always be certain their automated software has a backup approach in place in the event it decides differently during an important trading decision. There are several different types of computerized trading systems available. Most of them provide very similar functions, nonetheless there are some variations in the functionality. Dealers should check out each type of system to decide the ones are the best for his or her particular demands. Most advanced investors use a mixture of two or three strategies to achieve success. Another important factor in choosing an automated trading system is the copy that the trader should receive once the system is installed. Corporations offer traders free copy trading reports. Yet , this does not actually imply that the duplicate will be the highest quality. Most reputable companies will provide traders with first class software that is certainly updated frequently so that investors can stay up to date within the trends and movements within the markets.	<urn:uuid:8fb9b4d1-a0fe-4675-bde5-fa23c3be120e>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.goldport.com.br/2020/10/31/precisely-the-best-computerized-trading-program/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.960709	659	1.648438	2
Socrates and Aristotle, make way for Fido and Rover. According to a new theory of ethics, the social order of dogs, wolves, and coyotes may be the best source of insight into the roots of human morality. After years of closely analyzing the ways in which dogs play with each other, Marc Bekoff and Jessica Pierce—whose new book Wild Justice is slated for a May release—concluded that dogs follow a rigid code that prevents their seemingly violent play from becoming a fight. By bowing to each other, showing signs of apology, and adapting their strength to the abilities of their playmates, dogs safely control themselves when they play, promoting fairness and preventing injuries. Bekoff and Pierce claim that the “moral intelligence” of dogs, “probably closely resembles that of our early human ancestors. And it may have been just this sense of right and wrong that allowed human societies to flourish and spread across the world.” Written by Logan Scherer	<urn:uuid:cb7a52e0-5014-4ff3-94c4-8ac5ddc5ad11>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.peta.org/blog/dogs-mans-ethical-ancestors/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.955127	200	2.71875	3
By now, most Americans recognize the quote above as belonging to president-elect Donald Trump. His 2005 rant bragging about sexually assaulting women, captured on the set of Access Hollywood, quickly became one of the most notorious reveals of the 2016 presidential campaign. Although Trump’s words could be considered to be among the most infamously degrading comments made about women’s bodies ― uttered by a prominent and powerful man in contemporary culture, no less ― they face steep competition. Republican state lawmaker Lawrence Lockman, for example, asked in 2014: “If a woman has [the right to an abortion], why shouldn’t a man be free to use his superior strength to force himself on a woman? At least the rapist’s pursuit of sexual freedom doesn’t [usually] result in anyone’s death.” In an upcoming project titled “We Hold These Truths To Be Self-Evident,” artists Natalie Frank and Zoë Buckman are publicizing the ignorant, misogynistic language employed by former and current politicians in relation to women’s bodies. And they are doing so via a massive mural. “Researching the quotes was tough, emotionally,” Buckman said in an interview with The Huffington Post. “Seeing these words typed out, reading sentiment after sentiment of disrespect and hatred, the preposterous absence of science, fact, or reality, the utter lack of compassion, and the blatant misogyny: It’s blindingly clear that there is a war on women right now and that there always has been.” ““And the worst thing about it, is that these people are in positions of power. They’re not angry nobodies mouthing off about rape in their kitchen. They’re elected officials, elevated by society and rewarded with the ability to help govern our country.”” The resounding message behind the project, as Frank explained to HuffPost, is that such comments aren’t merely erratic outbursts or outlandish soundbites. They have real consequences. “These words lead to legislation and real-world effects,” Frank said. “A lot of people were entertained by Donald Trump. It’s a lesson in how quickly words can become actions.” Frank is a figurative painter whose past works depict domestic spaces and classic fairy tales with a similar combination of grotesque elation and feminine power. This current project, a large vinyl mural, is completely new territory. But following the election, Frank expressed, she felt a need to do something. “Women have been so traumatized about the language Trump used,” she said, “the way he talks about sexual violence, the way he mocks it.” Buckman has long created work with a feminist bent. In one previous project she embroidered rap lyrics onto vintage lingerie to illuminate the contradictions between women’s personal and political convictions. Often, Buckman’s process subverts everyday objects with ceremonial importance to illuminate subtle aspects of feminine identity. Murals, however, were uncharted territory for her, too. “I had hoped that the work I was making in the runup to the election would be less relevant, irrelevant even, today,” Buckman expressed, “but I now find myself even more compelled to make work that aims to inspire critical thought and discussion.” The “We Hold These Truths To Be Self-Evident” mural will be on view on New York Live Arts’ theater lobby’s Ford Foundation Wall. The title is pulled from Elizabeth Cady Stanton’s 1848 Declaration of Sentiments, when the first-wave feminist referenced the Declaration of Independence clause before amending the original statement to “that all men and women are created equal.” The title, Frank explained, emphasizes just how recent our nation’s strides towards gender equality are, and similarly, how tenuous. “It hasn’t been 100 years since women got the right to vote,” Frank said. “There is a real fragility there, and a gravity to women taking a stand for themselves and their rights.” ““If there is anything this election has shown us [it's that] the things we take for granted can be wiped out.”” Although Frank and Buckman are still in the early stages of the project ― namely, raising funds on Kickstarter ― they have a vision of how the final piece will look. They imagine the quotations flowing around and through the image of a reclining woman. “We hope the result will be powerful, upsetting, and also inspiring,” Buckman said. “It’s important to us that the woman’s body obscures the text. Her very being irradiates some the letters ... she’s on top, she’s in power. We can and must get through this.” Clearly inspired by the results of this month’s election, the mural represents two artists reaching outside their comfort zones to protect the rights of those endangered by Trump’s impending administration. “I am terrified,” said Frank. It’s a strange and confusing moment for many Americans, and art can feel at moments futile and others more necessary than ever. Yet Frank and Buckman are determined to channel the feelings of anger, sadness and uncertainty into creation. “It’s hard,” Frank said. “It’s something I’m thinking about every day. I feel hurt and terrified and am trying to use that in a productive way. You try to do something with the tools you have. I’ve always painted about women, but my work is becoming much more pointed.” In a political moment categorized by fear and precariousness, Frank and Buckman are boldly rejecting the normalization of misogynist language making its way into the White House. As women, they attest, the future of our rights and our bodies are in jeopardy. “We Hold These Truths To Be Self-Evident” communicates the weight of words and, perhaps even more so, the necessity of action. As Buckman put it: “We all have a responsibility to act now.”	<urn:uuid:f7fc0a26-22d3-427f-84d6-3f6a7814708e>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.huffpost.com/entry/feminist-art-mural-frank-buckman_n_583de4bfe4b0ae0e7cda59c3	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.954805	1,318	2.21875	2
There are no active references in this article. A hybrid between O. lirata and O. phlogopappa, resembling the latter parent but not aromatic. Leaves oblong-elliptic, up to 41⁄2 in. long, blunt, sinuate at the margins, grey-green and reticulate above, pale whitish green and closely felted beneath, stalks up to 1⁄4 in. long. Flower-heads in numerous stalked corymbs, rather larger than in O. phlogopappa, with longer, more densely tomentose involucral bracts; ray-florets ten to fifteen, pure white. Gard. Chron., Vol. 129 (1951), fig. 94. This very floriferous hybrid arose spontaneously at Tresco Abbey in the Isles of Scilly around 1910. ‘It makes a solid, rounded bush 5 ft high or more, grey-green; and every shoot becomes so covered with white daisies in May that the leaf almost disappears. It is wind-hardy, strikes readily, grows fast, and requires no attention except the removal of flowered shoots after flowering, (W. Arnold-Forster, Shrubs for the Milder Counties, p. 267). Although not reliably hardy, it should come through most winters uninjured in a sunny, sheltered position and flowers freely when quite young. Award of Merit 1951.	<urn:uuid:902be418-22fe-4239-b08b-ce74a0fecab1>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.treesandshrubsonline.org/articles/olearia/olearia-x-scilloniensis/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.903643	300	1.9375	2
On certain occasions, a user can experience trouble while opening or saving an email attachment in Microsoft Outlook 2016. The issue mainly occurs when the Temporary Internet Files folder is stored on a server to which a user has restricted access or insufficient permissions. The troubleshooting steps described below can help you resolve the issue. The exact error message you receive could be: Cannot save the file, Cannot create file. Right-click the folder you want to create the file in and then click Properties on the shortcut menu to check your permissions for the folder. Cannot open or save Email Attachments in Outlook If Outlook fails to open an attachment displaying ‘Cannot create file‘ error message then, you have one of two problems. Your temporary file folder is either full of other files of the same name, or you do not have the correct permissions to save to that folder on the server. Here’s a way to fix it. Launch File Explorer and open the C DRive. Create a new folder named tempoutlook here. Open Registry Editor by pressing Win+R simultaneously. Type regedit and hit Enter. Now, locate the following registry key: In the right pane, double-click OutlookSecureTempFolder. In the Value Data field, type C:\tempoutlook\ and then click OK. Exit Registry Editor and restart the computer. It should help! Also, if you find that you can no longer attach files to (some, but not all) plain text emails in Outlook 2016, try this fix. Click on the Format Text menu item and select HTML. Oddly, this solution is known to work in many cases. Sometimes troublesome emails that do not allow users to add attachments are in fact ‘Plain Text’ emails.	<urn:uuid:75262b91-8e59-4562-a1fb-d4f8d96f5367>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.thewindowsclub.com/cannot-open-email-attachments-outlook	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.847541	387	1.65625	2
Ex-president faced 12 Congressional investigations, 10 federal criminal investigations, 和 8 state and local investigations 作为乔拜登’s $1.2trn infrastructure package threatens to unravel over how to pay for the massive spending bill, Mr Durbin said Mitch McConnell was pressuring Republicans not to negotiate with Democrats following Mr Trump’s latest calls on Monday for the party to back out of the deal. Mr Durbin said on the Senate floor that the former president’s refusal to work with Democrats on infrastructure dates back to a May 2019 meeting at the White House where he said no deal on infrastructure would be made while he was being investigated by Democrats. “He walked in the room, and he said to all of us assembled there, ‘As long as you’re investigating me for any reason there’ll be no infrastructure bill’,” Mr Durbin said. “Wheeled around and walked out. That was the end of the conversation about infrastructure in the Trump administration. It was never seriously considered or debated after that.” 在五月 2019, 至少 12 congressional investigations were probing Mr Trump after Democrats took control of the House that year, 根据纽约时报 tracking. The House Foreign Affairs, Intelligence and Oversight Committees were investigating allegations of abuse of power, communications with Russian President Vladimir Putin, and money laundering. The House and Senate Intelligence committees opened inquiries into potential foreign influence, attempts to obstruct justice, and Russian interference in the 2016 选举. The House Oversight and Reform Committee had an inquiry into the possible role of Trump in concealing hush-money payments, abuses of the White House security clearance process, whether he misrepresented his net worth, and a proposed US nuclear venture in Saudi Arabia. The House Judiciary Committee looked into possible obstruction of justice and abuse of power by Mr Trump and his administration. In addition to the Democrat-led inquiries in Congress, Mr Trump was also facing 10 federal criminal investigations and eight state and local investigations, 根据时代. Before that meeting, Mr Durbin said Mr Trump had agreed at a previous meeting to a $2trn infrastructure package on issues from roads and bridges to broadband and school buildings. “It was one of the best meetings,” Mr Durbin said. “今天, former President Trump has joined the chorus saying [共和党人] shouldn’t bargain at all with Democrats. Put it off another year, or two years, whatever it has to be until the Republicans control the whole process,” 他加了. Senators had hoped to announce on Monday a bipartisan deal on infrastructure but late changes threaten to derail the previously agreed package. Earlier on Monday, Mr Trump waded back into the infrastructure negotiations to call denounce the Republicans like Mitt Romney negotiating the deal as getting “absolutely savaged by Democrats”. “Mitch McConnell and his small group of RINOs (Republicans in Name Only) wants nothing more than to get a deal done at any cost to prove that he can work with the Radical Left Democrats,” Mr Trump said in a 陈述. “It is so important to him that he is agreeing to almost anything. Don’t do the infrastructure deal, wait until after we get proper election results in 2022 or otherwise, and regain a strong negotiating stance. 共和党人, don’t let the Radical Left play you for weak fools and losers!”	<urn:uuid:86421fd5-1cfa-43f8-aaef-4ab6ed3844f9>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	http://ruf.s33.xrea.com/tag/refuseddiscuss/?lang=zh	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00473.warc.gz	en	0.962856	772	1.65625	2
Biodiversity is the term that is given to describe the variety of life on earth and the natural patterns it forms. … Although many humans may not realize how important biodiversity is to them, it is clear that without it humans would not be able to exist. Do biodiversity needs human? Biodiversity supports human and societal needs, including food and nutrition security, energy, development of medicines and pharmaceuticals and freshwater, which together underpin good health. It also supports economic opportunities, and leisure activities that contribute to overall wellbeing. Can nature survive without humans? Without the human race, nature would not only survive, but it would thrive. Although our legacy of pollution, nuclear remnants, and climate change will impact nature long after we are gone, eventually nature will heal and the planet will become abundant with diverse animal and plant life. Can humans survive on earth without biodiversity? Biological diversity, or biodiversity, is the scientific term for the variety of life on Earth. It refers not just to species but also to ecosystems and differences in genes within a single species. … It’s that simple: we could not live without these “ecosystem services”. They are what we call our natural capital. How can biodiversity help humans? Humans depend upon biodiversity for survival, such as for the foods we eat, medicines we use to stay healthy, and materials we wear or use to build our homes. These services are the tangible products or items that we and other species con sume for survival. How does lack of biodiversity affect humans? Biodiversity underpins the health of the planet and has a direct impact on all our lives. Put simply, reduced biodiversity means millions of people face a future where food supplies are more vulnerable to pests and disease, and where fresh water is in irregular or short supply. For humans that is worrying. Can humans go extinct? Scientists say there is relatively low risk of near term human extinction due to natural causes. The likelihood of human extinction through our own activities, however, is a current area of research and debate. Why do we need biodiversity? Biodiversity is important to humans for many reasons. … Ecological life support— biodiversity provides functioning ecosystems that supply oxygen, clean air and water, pollination of plants, pest control, wastewater treatment and many ecosystem services. What is biodiversity and its importance? Biodiversity includes the number of different organisms and their relative frequencies in an ecosystem. It also reflects the organization of organisms at different levels. Biodiversity holds ecological and economic significance. It provides us with nourishment, housing, fuel, clothing and several other resources. What are 3 ways that humans have affected the balance of biodiversity? The main threats facing biodiversity globally are: - destruction, degradation and fragmentation of habitats. - reduction of individual survival and reproductive rates through exploitation, pollution and introduction of alien species. How do humans help protect the biodiversity in some ecosystems? Maintain wetlands by conserving water and reducing irrigation. Avoid draining water bodies on your property. Construct fences to protect riparian areas and other sensitive habitats from trampling and other disturbances. Manage livestock grazing to maintain good quality range conditions.	<urn:uuid:f74f6871-9c9a-4413-88d8-0cd0c9444b81>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://aslebiennialconference.com/ecologic/can-biodiversity-live-without-humans.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.924468	653	3.578125	4
High-Functioning Anxiety Therapy Through private online high-functioning anxiety therapy for adults in New Jersey you can learn how to decrease your anxiety, improve work-life balance, and cope with stress. What is high-functioning anxiety? High-functioning anxiety is not a mental health disorder, but it is a phrase to describe high-achieving individuals who appear successful, calm, and ambitious on the outside, but on the inside are struggling with anxiety, overthinking, self-doubt, difficulty setting boundaries, and very high expectations. Many people do not realize that they are struggling with high-functioning anxiety until it becomes overwhelming and they reach a point of burnout, or their anxiety begins to interfere with their daily life and negatively impacts their work, school, or personal life. High-functioning anxiety can occur in people working in various careers: corporate professionals, teachers, therapists and healthcare professionals, entrepreneurs, small business owners, college or graduate students, and many other professions and careers. Do you need therapy for high-functioning anxiety? You might need therapy for high-functioning anxiety if you have difficulty relaxing and saying no to others. You’re tired of feeling anxious, overwhelmed, and as though you are overworking and pushing past your limits. The double-edged sword of high-functioning anxiety is that you are performing very well, but that it comes at the expense of your mental health and stress levels. Staying in this cycle of overworking for too long can have negative consequences on your mental health and can ultimately lead to an anxiety disorder. If you are struggling to cope with your anxiety and maintain your high standards, then high-functioning anxiety therapy can help you find relief. How do you treat high-functioning anxiety? Overworking, difficulty relaxing, having very high expectations, and other signs of high-functioning anxiety come from a place of fear and anxiety. Through online high-functioning anxiety therapy, I can help you learn how to live a life of calm and balance, while maintaining your ambition and high-achieving behaviors. I can help you understand how to face your fears and uncover the root of your unhelpful behaviors and ways of thinking that are feeding your high-functioning anxiety. You can have a renewed perception, feel more gratitude for your life, and have more balance, confidence, and improved relationships with the people in your life. Sometimes the hardest thing to do is to take the first step towards change and improvement. I can guide you to make taking that first step easier. Signs of High-Functioning Anxiety How can online high-functioning anxiety therapy in New Jersey help you? By taking the first step and contacting me, I can help you understand how you can: - Identify the root cause of your high-functioning anxiety and limiting beliefs that keep you stuck in a cycle of negativity. - Increase your self-worth so you can finally start feeling proud of your work and accomplishments, rather than always putting pressure on yourself for more. - Stop overworking and start setting healthy boundaries between your professional and personal life. - Learn how to properly rest and practice self-care so you can decrease your anxiety and feel calm from within. - Find healthy coping behaviors that nourish you. I do this using a compassionate, non-judgmental approach as well as proven, evidence-based methods including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Cognitive Processing Therapy, Mindfulness, Mindful Self-Compassion, Positive Psychology, and Exposure Therapy. You have already been struggling to find help and feel better- let me make it easier for you to take the first step towards improvement. Your journey begins here. You don’t have to do this on your own. Schedule a free 15-minute consultation call now so you can start the path towards healing and relief.	<urn:uuid:6265948e-2e50-4569-818d-f08d54da147b>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.brighterpathcounseling.com/high-functioning-anxiety-therapy/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.939052	806	1.609375	2
Washing cat bowls in the kitchen sink: if you are dealing with cats, chances are you are wondering if you can wash their water and food bowls in your kitchen sink. Let’s find out. Washing cat bowls in the kitchen sink is possible if both the sink and the bowls are actually disinfected. The best practice would be to use a separate sponge for the cat bowls than use the dish sponge. Cat bowls can be cleaned every day if you wash it out of the sink and disinfect once a week. If you do not want to disinfect that bowl every day, but the sink should get disinfected. Let’s go into details. WASHING CAT BOWLS IN THE KITCHEN SINK DEBATE Here we come to the never-ending debate about where to wash cats bowls, should it be in the kitchen sink? Should it be in the bathroom sink? Should it be into the bath tube? Or should I have a dedicated sink outside the house? There is a real concern about hygiene, especially when one is leaving with cats, most people are washing cat bowls in the kitchen sink, just because of the lack of any other solution. However, there should be no problem using the kitchen sink for washing cats bowls as far as you know how to clean it and disinfect it. If fact, if you wash your pet’s bowls in any other place in the house, you have the same problem. In the bathroom sink, you wash your hands, teeth, and face; in the bath tube, you are washing your body. You can look at it from many points of view, but the real solution is an appropriate cleaning and not much where you clean it, at this point. Washing cat bowls into the kitchen sink can be done with an appropriate cleaning method to make sure the cleaning is really done, and the house dishes are not coming in contact with the remaining cat food. HOW OFTEN SHOULD YOU WASH CATS BOWLS? The other debate is about how often a cat bowl is supposed to be washed. It is not difficult to derive a logical conclusion that makes sense if you think about it. When you wash your plate in which you eat? You clean it each time you have to use it newly. You eat, wash the dish, and then re-use the dish for the next meal. It is really difficult that you will eat on a dirty plate, so it should be for your cat. If you let them eat and then clean the bowl before they eat again, you will keep good hygiene and for you and your cat. My cat does run me on this specific point. I can’t really choose when to wash his food or water bowl. If I do not clean his food bowl before he eats again, he will not eat from that bowl. I learned in this way that this is just a perfect routine. Sometimes I forget to clean it because maybe I am rushing and if I fill it again with food, he would come close, smell it, and leave. I have thrown away many cans of food because of my cat snobby attitude. Now it is a routine. If your cat is not a snob and doesn’t make you wash his bowl each time, it is still a good habit to clean it after every meal or at least once a day. The place where the cat food is placed for your cat needs to be cleaned, including the bowl; otherwise, unwanted animals can be attracted, like aunts and similar. I took the habit of washing the cats’ bowl every day, and after every meal based on my cat “instructions” therefore, I assume this is the best advice since it comes directly from the “source.” HOW TO SANITIZE PETS BOWLS Besides the normal cleaning, you may want to sanitize them once every week at a minimum. Sanitize means that you make sure that germs are killed. You can do it by leaving the bowls for 10-15 minutes to immerse into a water and regular bleach solution. If you rinse the bowl with abundant water, there is not going to be any bleach left. Therefore it is not toxic. In a gallon of water put However, cats may not like to smell bleach in their food bowls, so you can find alternatives to bleach, options that can still kill germs but more natural. Here some example of products that you can use: - Lemon Juice: One of the strongest food acids, lemon juice is effective against most household bacteria. - Alcohol: Alcohol is an excellent disinfectant. - Vodka is an odor remover and can be used for cleaners and disinfectants. - Hydrogen Peroxide: common disinfectant for wounds, hydrogen peroxide can also be used for disinfecting in the kitchen or bathroom. - White Vinegar: white vinegar reduces surface bacteria, making it a safe alternative to bleach due to his high acidity. - Essential Oils: powerful agents against bacteria and fungus. - Steam: economical and chemical-free disinfectant. For the routine bowl cleaning, do as you do for dishes, use a different sponge than the one used for your dishes. Washing cat bowls in the kitchen sink can be done following these rules Here some related questions to “Washing cat bowls in the kitchen sink” and related answers: - Is it safe to wash pet dishes with human dishes? It is better not to mix cats and dogs bowls with human dishes to stay on the safe side. If you are washing cat bowls in the kitchen sink, make sure not to mix them with normal dishes and use a dedicated sponge to do this job. - Can you wash cat bowls with dish soap? For routine washing, you can use regular dish soap for the cat bowl, as long as you sanitize them often, as explained above if you can buy an appropriate detergent for pet bowls and use a separate sponge. - Should I let my cat lick my plate? The short answer is no. However, some cats can really make you do anything for them. If your cat appeal to your heart and you let him lick your plate, then make sure you properly sanitize everything. - What kind of bowls should Cats use? Stainless-steel, along with ceramic bowls, is recommended by most veterinarians. My cat uses ceramic, and he likes it better then the other plastic made bowl. It is easy to clean and doesn’t have weird odors as plastic bowls. - Can I wash my cat’s bowl in the dishwasher? If you have a dishwasher, it is a great idea to clean and sterilize your cat bowl. The dishwasher clean dishes with very high temperatures, most germs do not survive it. If you can, it is always better to collect all the bowls and put them in the dishwasher and leave out human dishes. In other words, do a separate run. Washing cat bowls in the kitchen sink is possible. I hope we answered all possible questions about it. If you have more questions or want to add anything, write it in the comments below. Read also: SHOULD I WAKE MY CAT UP FROM A NIGHTMARE?	<urn:uuid:9727b8e3-e3b3-4702-96b8-e0e7f718c4ab>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://dorkycats.com/washing-cat-bowls-in-the-kitchen-sink-recommendations/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.95795	1,521	1.914063	2
(Please click on image to enlarge.)Sorry...These are all seedlings, now. Please click your way over to the seedling section of this website. This is the ultra-rare blue form of Encephalartos longifolius, a cycad native to the Eastern Cape region of South Africa. Unlike the more common form of this species, which has grey-green leaves, this form has distinctly blue-grey leaves, with a slight green accent. Like the more common form, the mature form of this plant features entire leaflets arranged in a V-shape, which overlap at the end of the leaf. Mature forms of this plant grow trunks up to 12 feet tall. Leaves are 3-6 feet long, with leaflets arranged in a V shape, up to 8 inches long. Above, you'll see a picture of the seedlings we're also selling, plus a picture I took of a mature specimen in the Eastern Cape, in a town called Patensie. This specimen is located just outside a citrus packing facility, and has about one foot of clear trunk height. These seeds were imported in accordance with all pertinent USDA and CITES regulations. They will be shipped to all U.S. domestic customers at the following prices, plus shipping. 1-4 Seeds: $10 per seed 5-9 Seeds: $8 per seed 10-49 Seeds: $6 per seed 50-99 Seeds: $5 per seedAlthough these seeds are artificially propagated CITES Appendix I, and they may be re-exported overseas to non-U.S.A. customers, in CITES member countries, subject to U.S. Government approval, we have discovered that the process is very time-consuming and arduous. Therefore, we are no longer attempting to re-export these seeds.	<urn:uuid:75cac19a-7137-4eed-8cb4-449738bb744e>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.cycadpalm.com/enlonleafjou1.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.965689	382	1.976563	2
Search Term: " Resistant " Curcumin and Grapeseed September 01, 2020 11:03 AM Smoking, Chemical exposure, pesticides, nutrient deficiencies, to much sun exposure, and over the counter drugs and prescriptions can cause cancer. In the news, there are forever chemical roundup found in our water supply, it is no wonder we are laden with cancer as a society. Fortunately, a healthy cancer preventing diet along with natural plant compounds can be far more effective and cost a lot less than conventional care alone. Two top suggested natural medicines available right now are curcumin and grape seed extract. These two herbs are an amazing pair, curcumin is a fat soluble herb to fight oxidation on the fatty oil side in the body and grape seed extract is water soluble, making it a great antioxidant to fight oxidative stress on the water side of a cell. Cells in the body are made up of oil(fats) and water. The impact of both together on your health is virtually miraculous. Curcumin neutralizes unstable free radicals that take electrons from nearby molecules, and stop them from creating a cascade of damaged cells. It also reduces inflammation reduces inflammation markers in the body to prevent prevent tissue degradation. Curcumin has been shown to stop the changes that happen from free radical damage causing normal cells to become cancerous, and tumorous formations, and can even stop cancer from metastasizing or migrating to other parts of the body. Published studies anticancer activity have found that it can suppress breast, prostate, liver, skin, colon and lung cancer cells. Curcumin Must Be Absorbed To Be Useful One of the challenges or using curcumin for cancer prevention and treatment is that not all curcumin extracts are easily absorbable into the body. Blending curcumin in Turmeric essential oil enhances absorption and provides the additional benefits of ar-turmerone, a compound in the oil. Curcumin Makes Chemo More Effective There is big potential for curcumin when used with conventional treatment. BCM-95 curcumin, through research, has shown to sensitize human colon cancer cells to chemotherapy treatment where it would otherwise be Resistant to this form of treatment. In some cases tumor recurrence rates can be as high as 60% but when treated with curcumin while under conventional treatment, curcumin boosted the effectiveness of the chemo drug 5-fluorouracil against cancer stem cells. Curcumin has great potential in conjunction with conventional cancer treatment and recovery. It has been found that as chemo treatment progresses, cancer cells become Resistant to the chemo treatment and the dosage has to be increased as the treatment continues increasing the toxic side effects. Fortunately, curcumin taken in conjunction with conventional cancer treatment can improve the effectiveness of chemo and so the dosage can be lowered reducing the toxic side effects for individuals. This is good news! Curcumin Protects The Body During Cancer Treatment In a clinical study with curcumin, it showed to alleviate side effects of one of the most common treatments of prostate cancer known as external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) where the doctor uses radiation to destroy tumorous cancel cells. This sort of therapy has many side effects making it a difficult therapy for most men. I often causes sexual dysfunction, digestive problems, urinary tract pain and loss of control. The higher the radiation dosage the more effective the treatment is but this causes significant discomfort, that is why most doctors lean towards lower dosages which makes the treatment less effective. The clinical study administered 3000mg of BCM-95 curcumin that is 1000mg x 3 per day or a placebo one week before therapy started and during the treatment length. Each capsule of curcumin contained curcuminoids, curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, and essential oil of turmeric, this is a full spectrum curcumin supplement. At the end of the treatment which lasted 20 weeks the most dramatic difference between the two groups in the study was urinary symptoms. The curcumin group said a 50% decrease in symptoms or side effects of the radiation. Also, researchers noted that the curcumin did not reduce the efficacy of the EBRT. July 30, 2019 02:31 PM I believe there’s an essential herb that everyone should be aware of, though not to many realize the powerful benefits of this near miracle botanical. This one nutrient has the ability to strengthen the immune system while also enhancing cardiovascular health, liver and kidney function, joint mobility, and much more. Recent studies have shown this herb to be three times more effective than milk thistle for liver health. And while I know there’s no miracle supplement, that can prevent all disease, there are a growing number of studies to show that this herb can promote overall health and well-being in a tremendous way. This herb, which I respect and hold in high regard, is andrographis. I believe it’s the next up-and-coming superstar in botanical medicine, and for good reason. I am not yet at liberty to give you the full details on a recent study, but I can tell you the results are impressive. The study involved treating three different groups of animals that had cancerous tumors. One group of animals was treated with curcumin, the second group was treated with french grape seed extract, and the third group was treated with andrographis. And while all three herbs were beneficial in this study, andrographis proved to be the most effective in reducing the cancerous tumors in the animals. I can’t wait to share the study details when it’s published. It’s no wonder that andrographis has been used in natural medicine for years, due to its powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, cancer-preventive, neuroprotective, and immune-stimulating properties. In fact, andrographis is the subject of over 800 studies in the National Institute of Health’s PubMed online database, with more to come! You’ll learn how this amazing herb: And the benefits don’t stop there. Please take the time to read more at TerryTalksNutrition.com In Good health, Study: Curcumin, a polyphenol in turmeric, can selectively targetcancer stem cells May 02, 2019 11:57 AM According to a study published in the journal Anticancer Research, curcumin can destroy stem cells that cause cancer. Turmeric is a plant that has been used in traditional Asian medicine to treat a variety of conditions. Curcumin, a polyphenol found in turmeric, is the source of turmeric's health benefits. Recent research suggests that curcumin can selectively target and destroy cancer stem cells. Cancer stem cells, which are resistant to chemotherapy and radiation, and can actually be spread by surgery, are the most lethal type of cancer cell. "One of the most well-known of these amazing foods is curcumin, the polyphenol that gives turmeric its beautiful, bright yellow color." Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2019-03-14-curcumin-polyphenol-in-turmeric-can-selectively-target-cancer-stem-cells.html Garlic the master medicine: Scientists find a compound in the herbthat can destroy resistant bacteria December 14, 2018 09:05 AM Garlic is something that is present in many different types of foods on a regular basis. It is very interesting to see how many people like garlic and use it for different things. However, now garlic is being used for something a little bit more new. Within the herb, scientists have found really promising compounds that could help ruin bacteria. This is revolutionary for people who suffer from a lot of bacteria and the results are continuing to come in. "The researchers say that they believe their garlic drug could help treat patients whose outlook is otherwise poor. A biotech firm is developing the compound for use against bacterial infections, and human clinical trials are expected to be carried out soon." Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-11-15-garlic-medicine-scientists-find-compound-destroy-resistant-bacteria.html Research indicates that turmeric may help mitigate the growth ofMRSA superbugs November 06, 2018 03:51 PM There are a lot of things that scientists are researching on a daily basis. Plenty of these scientists are in different fields and sectors over the things that they are researching. In this particular case, scientists were focusing on how to slow down the massive growth of these MRSA super bugs. Some people know what they are while other people have absolutely no idea. The truth of the matter is that they found that turmeric might be good to combat the growth of these things. "Previous research shows that curcumin can have synergistic effects with certain antibiotics." Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-10-14-turmeric-mitigate-the-growth-of-mrsa-superbugs.html Study: Multi-resistant bacteria killed by cinnamon bark oil September 27, 2018 05:52 PM There are always all kinds of studies that are being done. Bacteria is something that lives on every thing that there is in this world. It festers over time and grows in numbers. When people talk about moving bacteria, they usually mean by cleaning it or by simply blowing it away. Now, there are some new ways that are actually more effective than the old ways. Cinnamon bark oil is something that is now being used. "Based on the findings of the study, cinnamon bark oil and its active compound cinnamaldehyde could be used as an alternative treatment for multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa infection." Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-09-24-study-multi-resistant-bacteria-killed-by-cinnamon-bark-oil.html Scientific study reveals Mexican mint essential oil can treat antibiotic-resistant bacteria August 23, 2018 09:53 AM In a study published in an alternative medicine journal, researchers says that an essential oil known as Plectranthus amboinicus, which is commonly referred to as Mexican mint, can be used to treat bacteria strains that are antibiotic-resistant. The team of scientists based their findings on results taken from oil that was taken from the plant's stems and leaves. In particular, PAEO and carvacrol, its active ingredient, can be possibly to treat staphylococcal biofilm and planktonic forms, "Researchers found that S. aureus strains that were resistant to oxacillin and vancomycin (OVRSA) were sensitive to both PAEO and carvacrol. Results yielded an inhibition zone from 16–38 mm for PAEO and 23–48 mm for carvacrol." Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-08-02-mexican-mint-essential-oil-treat-antibiotics-resistant-bacteria.html 5 reasons why you should start eating mushrooms August 16, 2018 09:53 AM The consumption of mushrooms leads to several health benefits, many of which are fast-acting and highly prominent. For instance, one serving of mushrooms contains over three grams of fiber which leads to the production of insulin. For those who are insulin resistant or diabetic, this may be a good way to naturally aid in increasing the presence of insulin as long as their doctor approves it. The Vitamin C and potassium within mushrooms also helps promote optimal heart health. "Mushrooms also contain selenium which has also been found to improve immune response to infection by stimulating the production of killer T-cells. The beta-glucan fibres found in the cell walls of mushrooms stimulate the immune system to fight diseases." Read more: https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel-arts-culture/5-reasons-why-you-should-start-eating-mushrooms-id8577207.html Is Your Body Too Alkaline Or Too Acidic? Here's How To Know August 08, 2018 09:53 AM Your body needs to maintain a neutral pH of 7.365 to remain in peak health. If your body becomes too acidic, as through too much consumption of meat, dairy, grain or processed foods, it can leach nutrients out of your system and cause inflammation, poor immunity and other ailments. Becoming too alkaline can also cause problems, including cramping, irritability and cramping. Generally, your diet should contain about 80% alkaline (fresh fruits and vegetable) and 20% acidic (everything else) foods in order to preserve the. A rural balance inside your body. "It’s all about finding that optimal acid-base balance and more importantly, understanding when your body is imbalanced." Read more: https://www.thealternativedaily.com/is-your-body-too-alkaline-or-too-acidic-heres-how-to-know/ Gut microbes can fight parasites: Probiotics may reduce infections, and severity of infections, in developing countries June 08, 2018 09:16 AM Parasites are a more common problem in some parts of the world, where soil quality is particularly conducive to their survival and growth. Unfortunately, for individuals that get infected with these parasites, it's becoming harder to get rid of them, as successive strains become more resistant to drugs. Fortunately, new research is discovering that keeping parasites at bay and destroying those already present may have more to do with the environment of the gut. Individuals from villages in Indonesia and Liberia were the data pool used to find guts harboring parasites as well as those free of them. It was found that some bacteria were actually assistive of the parasites, while others made it hard on them. Since inflammation is the way that the gut generally fights off parasitic invasion, those bacteria that are anti-inflammatory are not useful in ridding the body, although those that aid in producing an inhospitable environment are. It may be that a eating a great deal more fermented foods could be a key, as such foods encourage the production of friendly and useful bacteria. "Your ability to fight off parasitic worms may be aided by your gut microbiota." Read more: https://www.naturalnews.com/2018-06-05-gut-microbes-can-fight-parasites-probiotics-may-reduce-infections-and-severity-of-infections-in-developing-countries.html Fibre 101: What it is, what foods it's in, and why it's so important for your health December 09, 2017 03:59 PM Fiber may not sound very cool, but it's incredibly important for the body. Fiber, the indigestible part of many good foods, fuels good bacteria, helps to stabilize glucose levels, and can aid in weight loss. The three types of fiber -- soluble, insoluble, and resistant starch -- work together to ensure good health. To get more fiber, try whole grain bread, fruits, and vegetables. You may not be getting enough fiber if you are constipated or get hungry very easily. "There are three main types of fibre – soluble, insoluble and resistant starch – and you need a balance of all three for optimal digestive health." Read more: https://coach.nine.com.au/2017/12/06/11/02/what-is-fibre The 5 health benefits of eating Millet you never knew October 10, 2017 01:14 PM Millet is a crop that is native to Africa and Asia, and is considered a primary source of both carbs and proteins for inhabitants close to where it is grown. Millet is garnering attention from scientists because it is almost impervious to insects and diseases, lending important components to the plant's potential positive impact of benefitting the health of those who ingest it. Millet has five main benefits, including anticancer attributes, it may play a pivotal role in stopping type 2 diabetes, it has a positive impact on the cardiovascular system, it may aid in partially lowering cholesterol, and finally, millet aids in positively impacting bowel health and movements. "The nutritional value of Millet is also what is making this crop more attractive for western nations." Read more: https://www.emaxhealth.com/13644/5-health-benefits-eating-millet-you-never-knew Do Prebiotic and Probiotic Supplements Decrease Systemic Inflammation? October 10, 2017 10:14 AM Prebiotics and probiotics are good bacteria. They help your body handle many processes. They may help with systemic inflammation as well. Since this can cause pain and can make things hard on you it helps to know what may help. If you want to try this you need only find the foods which contain this bacteria. Yogurt it one example of such foods. That is easily obtained. It is sold at practically every grocery store. "The studies indicate that this association between fiber intake and anti-inflammatory response may be due to the presence of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are active byproducts of the fermentation of soluble dietary fiber and resistant starch by bacteria in the colon" Read more: https://www.medicalnewsbulletin.com/prebiotic-probiotic-systemic-inflammation/ Turmeric Extract May Help Overcome Chemotherapy Resistance September 29, 2017 10:14 AM Researchers are testing the effectiveness of using a turmeric extract to combat resistance for chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer patients. My mother died from pancreatic cancer and from personal experience I know how difficult battling becomes once chemotherapy ceases to work. This study takes a highly potent extract from turmeric that resets the cancerous cells against immunity from chemotherapy. In doing so it helps to reduce the size of the tumor and make chemo a viable treatment option again. "The turmeric extract was also able to re-sensitize pancreatic cancer cells to be able to use Gemcitabine — a commonly prescribed chemotherapy regimen that is often resisted — which in turn reduced tumor size." Read more: http://wholefoodsmagazine.com/news/research/turmeric-extract-chemo-resistance/ Unable to develop a new antibiotic drug for decades, new research "discovers" potential in a compound from honeybees, ignoring the fact that natural medicine has used bee pollen for years September 23, 2017 12:14 PM The University of Chicago has recently announced findings that bee pollen has antimicrobial properties, something that practitioners of natural medicine have known for years. It fights bacteria in a different way than conventional antibiotics and with the rising prevalence of antibiotic resistant microbes, this is potentially a game changer. The potential is great but also precarious as pesticide use has drastically decreased the bee population in the last few years. Hopefully science realizes just how important natural remedies are before it is too late. "The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have labeled antibiotic resistance as one of the most pressing public health issues in the world as illnesses that used to be easy to treat become deadly." Read more: http://www.naturalnews.com/2017-09-14-unable-to-develop-a-new-antibiotic-drug-for-decades-new-research-discovers-potential-in-a-compound-from-honeybees.html Multiple Studies: You Can Control Blood Sugar with Apple Cider Vinegar August 31, 2017 12:14 PM Apple Cider Vinegar has been used for many health purposes, but recent studies are showing it can help control blood sugar levels in diabetics. One study found that when individuals with type 2 diabetes took 2 tbs at bedtime, their levels where 4-6% lower in the morning. A second study showed that taking 20 grams mixed with 40 grams of water reduced blood sugar by 34% after meals for insulin resistant diabetics. Yet a third study shows that this may be because the apple cider vinegar interferes with the digestion of carbohydrates allowing more to pass through he system without being digested. "Apple cider vinegar is one of the most potent ‘all-purpose’ tonics around. Among its huge array of health benefits, multiple studies have found that it may help lower blood sugar levels." Read more: http://www.thealternativedaily.com/multiple-studies-you-can-control-blood-sugar-with-apple-cider-vinegar/ Insulin and disease August 21, 2017 09:14 AM Many health problems, and especially cancer and heart disease are caused by an imbalance of insulin, due to poor diet. We eat far too much sugar and too many carbohydrates. This leads to insulin resistance, which, in turn, leads to heart disease, high triglycerides, high cholesterol, osteoporosis, and diabetes. It also raises blood pressure because when we are insulin resistant our bodies cannot store magnesium, which is needed to relax the walls of the blood vessels. Dr. Michael Cutler has written a book, "The Insulin Factor" which explains how to get your insulin back in balance, through diet. This will help us to live longer, healthier lives. "Centenarian studies show no health consistency at all except that all the centenarians have relatively low insulin (sugar) for their age and they all have low triglycerides for their age." Read more: https://personalliberty.com/insulin-and-disease/ Scientists stunned as dried leaves achieve 100% CURE RATE among critically ill MALARIA patients after all pharma drugs failed April 29, 2017 07:14 PM Artemisia annua, or as it's commonly known as sweet wormwood, was used to treat patients in the Congo who suffered from medicine resistant malaria, and were cured. After the 18 patients failed to respond t0 intravenously administered artesunate, the wormwood leaves were dried, powdered and made into tablets that were given to the patients. This cure is not widely prescribed because big pharma companies spend money to prevent these botanical cures from being used. They care more about profit than patient's lives. There are other diseases that can respond to natural treatments as well and it's important to get the word out. "When all pharma drugs failed to do anything for Congo patients infected with drug-resistant malaria, a courageous local doctor dared to prescribe the ground leaves of the Artemisia annua plant instead. The plant is commonly known as sweet wormwood or sweet annie." Read more: http://www.naturalnews.com/2017-04-24-scientists-stunned-as-dried-leaves-achieve-100-cure-rate-among-critically-ill-malaria-patients-after-all-pharma-drugs-failed.html 5 things you need to know about antimicrobial resistance March 01, 2017 10:59 AM Antimicrobial resistance is becoming more prevalent and is very dangerous as bacterias that once could be treated by antibiotics are becoming Resistant, hence the term Superbug. These superbugs cause thousands of deaths a year. There are some things you can do to prevent this starting with washing your hands. Read the article and find out more! "Antimicrobial resistance, commonly called AMR, is when bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites become Resistant to the drugs typically used to treat people infected by them." Toxins in Your Fast-Food Packaging? February 06, 2017 07:59 AM Fast food isn’t exactly known for its health benefits, but a new U.S. study suggests even the packaging may be harmful. That’s because the study found one-third of fast food packaging contains chemicals that give it stain-Resistant, water-repellant and nonstick properties. The trouble is these fluorinated chemicals have also been linked to an increased risk of certain cancers, hormone problems, high cholesterol, obesity and immune suppression in human and animal studies. "Major U.S. manufacturers voluntarily phased out PFOA and PFOS for most uses starting in 2011, but other countries still produce them." Cannabis Use For Pediatric Cancers January 25, 2017 07:59 AM With the slackening of legislation in some states to allow the use of marijuana, there has been a surge in the research to test the effectiveness of cannabis against various diseases. The most interest has been on treating cancer. Animal cells have shown promise in fighting off cancer in children, but human trials are currently prohibited. There have, however, been some documented cases of parents using cannabis to treat cancer in their children. These few cases just show how much more research we need to apply to the topic. "Cannabis treatment for children with cancer remains controversial, however, in cases of treatment-Resistant cancers and severe side effects from treatment, cannabis must be a readily available option, especially since it is significantly less toxic than most cancer treatments." Science-Backed Health Benefits of Cinnamon January 12, 2017 10:59 AM When it comes to cinnamon in general there are many different benefits that it has to offer overall. Some of the science backed health benefits of cinnamon include protecting against cancer, healing wounds, having an improved learning potential, helping against Alzheimer's disease, weight loss, reduction in diabetes, as well as a few other health benefits in general. "Cinnamon is a spice that has been used to flavor foods for hundreds of years. The spice is used more in desserts or bakery, but it is also an ingredient in various main dish recipes." Development of castor oil. There are about hundreds of castor oil factories in China, of which only about 10% castor oil manufacturers start working; large processing plants have around 20; only nine plants have tens of thousands processing capacity. About 70% of Chinese castor oil processing factories in stop production or semi-shutdown state, because there are no adequate, high-quality raw material castor sources. At the end of the 1980s, China extends and built several large scale castor oil factories, each factory's total amount of annual output of castor oil are in 10 -15 thousand tons, total production capacity is about 55,000 tons per year. The world's major markets of castor oil were concentrated in North America and Europe, of which the France, Britain, Netherlands, United States, Germany, five countries accounted for 61% of annual fuel consumption. India castor oil used in making soap has about 1.6-1.8 million tons, the textile industry uses 2-3 thousand tons, chemical industries use 2-3 thousand tons, lubricating oil use 5-6 thousand tons, the rest for exporting. In Japan's castor oil use amount, paints accounted for 28.6%, the surfactant is 12.3%, cosmetic raw material is 8.2%, resin is 5.7%, hardened oil is 17.8%, sebum oil is 12.9%, others is 14.5%. Japan needs to import large quantities of castor beans every year; they are mostly imported from China, Pakistan, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Philippines, Vietnam, Ethiopia, Brazil and other countries. Castor oil in the United States for the production of plastics and resins was accounted for 25.9%, fatty acids accounted for 12.7%, lubricating oil accounted for 6.3%, paint accounted for 23.7%, cosmetics (mainly synthetic waxes) accounted for 2.1%, others such as inks, surfactants accounted for 29.1%, these castor oils are imported from foreign countries. Every year, the world needs 700 thousand tons of castor oil, convert into 1.6 million tons castor beans. Nowadays, gasoline resource was gradually reduced, transportation, live used gasoline was rapidly increasing, use gasoline as a raw material for synthetic material will be increasingly constrained in cost. And the United States study found that long-term exposure to polymers which synthesized by gasoline was harmful to human health. California and some other states have enacted laws and regulations for this, to restrict and gradually prohibit using synthetic resin in city buildings, interior facilities and human health-related sites and articles, which is polymerized from petroleum, natural gas cleaved into monomers raw materials, it makes castor oil's demand was rising sharply. Castor cultivation in China is very commonly; there is no open planted regional division. South from Hainan Island, north to Heilongjiang is cultivated. Because castor hybrids with drought resistance, thin ridge Resistant, saline-alkaline tolerance, well-adapted, simple to manage, less invest, high efficiency and other salient features, no matter grain field or hills, rocky land, saline-alkali soil and even around the house can be grown it. So anywhere in China can be planted castor. Not enough vitamin C to quell insulin resistance in kids December 31, 2016 02:59 PM Most people know vitamin C is healthy. Growing up everyone was told to get enough of this magical vitamin to keep the immune system healthy. New research is coming out to show that it may be even more important. Vitamin C can help kids battle insulin resistance, a major problem. Read on for more. "Researchers concluded that maintenance of higher vitamin C blood levels, 30 micromole/Liter (µM) above the mean of about 90 µM was associated with "appreciably lower insulin resistance." Study: Manuka honey kills more bacteria than all available antibiotics December 28, 2016 07:59 AM Antibiotics are a great way to kil bacteria and cure a wide array of diseases or sicknesses. What happens sometimes though is antibiotics can create Resistant bacteria. A new natural alternative may have been found. Manuka honey Showed in research to be better at killing bacteria than antibiotics. More research will need to be done. "Australian researchers have found one type of honey, called Manuka honey, to be better than all known antibiotics." Five ways to avoid germs while traveling December 06, 2016 07:59 AM Different areas of the world have different germs and it is easy to pick up a germ you are not Resistant to already. No one wants to get sick when they travel and ruin their vacation or business trip. This article will explain five different ways to avoid picking up new germs while you travel. "Gendreau studies germiness while traveling, and he knows just how infectious travel can be." Supplements That Help Mange Diabetes Without Meds December 05, 2016 06:59 AM Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes in the United States. Some studies have shown that patients with this condition are sometimes able to control their disease effectively with supplements instead of prescription medication. While there are different degrees of any disease, it is possible that a dietary change could help control the condition. Some of the supplements that may help include chromium, biotin, vitamin D, D-chiro-inositol, and berberine. As always, people should consult their doctor before changing any therapy. "Experts say that in many cases, supplements can help manage Type 2 diabetes, the insulin-Resistant form of the disease which is the most common in the United Sates." Parents: How smart are you about antibiotics? December 02, 2016 06:59 AM Antibiotic resistance has been called one of the world’s most pressing public health problems. Every time a person takes antibiotics, sensitive bacteria are killed, but Resistant ones may be left to grow and multiply. Repeated and improper uses of antibiotics are the primary causes of the increase in drug-Resistant bacteria. "Antibiotics can be lifesaving and should absolutely be used when they are needed — but they are not without risks and problems." Oregano Plant Is the Most Potent Antimicrobial In The world Along with its culinary usage, oregano shows antimicrobial and antioxidant properties and possess probable activity like an antispasmodic and in diabetes. But there is no clinical proof to facilitate the usage of oregano in any signs. Normal or wild oregano is a perennial plant grown in the Mediterranean region and Asia. It is also cultivated in the United States. The creeping rootstock of oregano makes a downy, square, purplish stem with reverse ovate leaves. The plant stem also grows about 76cm tall. Purple two lipped flowers develop in terminal groups from July to October. Features of Oregano This plant has been a normal ingredient in Italy, Spain and Italian dishes like a spice and flavouring compound for several years. Its basic purpose was like a cautious digestive and circulatory stimulant. This plant has been availed in perfumery for the volatile oil materials, particularly in scenting soaps. The antiseptic feature of medicinal and aromatic plants and the extracts have been identified since antiquity. It has been recommended that an infusion of the new herb is useful in treating a collapsed stomach and indigestion, colic, headache and nervous problems as well as for some respiratory ailments. A mixture of the flowers has been utilized to avoid seasickness. Uses of Oregano The oil of this plant has been availed externally in lotions and liniments and to ease toothache. Oregano has been utilized like an ant repellent. Oregano has ursolic and oleanolic acids, hydroquinones, flavonoids, rosmarinic, caffeic,tannins, lithospermic acid and phenolic glycosides. The compounds of phenolic represent seventy one percent of the full oil. The carvacrol and polar phenols thymol are accountable for several of the properties of the necessary oil as well as terpinene and P-cymene. Research has compared the impacts of oregano necessary oil, carvacrol and thymol on fungi. All three totally reduced fungal development of aspergillus and penicillium species. The oil also seems to possess certain activity against Candida species, probably due to the reason of its carvacrol content. The oregano volatile oil have explained in vitro antibacterial activity against different types of gram negative and gram positive microorganisms like pseudomonas, listeria, salmonella, proteus and clostridium species as well as certain methicillin Resistant. There are different reports explaining antiparasitic activity of oregano. The origanum vulgare oil has been presented to remove normal parasites in pheasants and chickens. There are also some other Potent Antimicrobial seen in the world like clove, cinnamon, nutmeg, onion, garlic, anise, sassafras, ginger. These all have certain amount of antimicrobial properties in it. Manuka honey may be the future of antibacterial superbug medicine October 27, 2016 01:43 PM For many years honey has been a home remedy for its antibacterial and medicinal properties. Now, a new honey from New Zealand, called Manuka honey, is becoming popular for pushing the boundaries of what honey is known for. Studies found that this honey was effective against chronic wound infections and can inhibit bacteria growth. Others say that it has beneficial vitamins and nutrients, bolsters the immune system, helps acne, heals eczema, and fights cold among others. Most of these claims are not proven, but it hasn't stopped the honey cost from skyrocketing to $80 a jar. ""Even low dilutions of Manuka honey can curb the activity and growth of bacterial biofilms – the thin but resilient layer of microbes that build up on, and stick to, any surface including plastic."" What Is Lactoferon And How Can It Boost Your Health? August 06, 2014 09:01 AM What is lactoferrin Lactoferrin is a bioactive milk protein, especially concentrated in both human and ox-like colostrum and has been sold for a long time as a wholesome supplement with, hostile to bacterial, against contagious, hostile to viral and safe fortifying exercises. However the work demonstrating its bone building properties shows significantly more prominent potential. Bad tempered Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is the most well-known gastrointestinal issue in the United States, influencing 1 out of 5 individuals. Indeed, with a large number of individuals looking for help for this, the reasons are still not well caught on. Numerous look for regular course, when conventional techniques don't bring the help they require. Analysts accept a combo of physical and mental well being issues can prompt the entrails getting to be harmed, or delicate to specific stressors. This can prompt an issue with the data pathway between the cerebrum and the gut, bringing about modifying intestinal capacity. Side effects of lactoferrin Side effects could be a consequence of a contaminating or disturbance in the stomach and insides from microorganisms or other destructive creatures. One study demonstrated that individuals who had an episode of gastroenteritis were ten times more inclined to create touchy inside disorder. An alternate condition, called small digestive tract bacterial excess, is truly regular in individuals with IBS. An excess or change in the kind of microorganisms in the small digestive tract causes aggravation and indications of loose bowels, over abundance gas, weight reduction, and dietary lacks. Some gastrointestinal manifestations could be because of the abundance of yeast (candida). Intestinal candidiasis can result in indications of bloating, gas, the runs, blockage, and cramping, alongside exhaustion. Lactoferrin helps the side effects by: 1. Tying to free iron drifting around. This is essential on the grounds that most microbes and candida need iron to develop. Free iron meddles with our Resistant cell work, so this viably starves the destructive life forms while keeping our invulnerable frameworks solid. 2. Entering the microbes or candida and harming their phone layer. This will either murder them straightforwardly, or it meddle with their vitality and debilitate them. 3. Keeping candida from adhering to the coating of the digestive tract and uprooting it once it is appended. 4. Repressing the activity of cytokines in the gastrointestinal tract. Cytokines are proteins found in the body that cause aggravation. 5. Sustaining the digestive tract with probiotic properties, which additionally help with GI well being. Probiotics sustain the well disposed microbes that live in your digestive tract. An equalization of great to unsafe microscopic organisms is required to avert gastrointestinal manifestations Manufactured prescription drugs applied for the treating Ostepenai or perhaps Osteoporosis can certainly simply just carry out 1 or perhaps one other these projects. Bisphosphonates Actonel, Boniva, Fosamax in addition to Calcitonin Calcimar, Cibacalcin, Calsynar, Miacalcin, Osteocalcin in addition to Salmonine modest the particular evacuation connected with old bone tissue by means of restraining the particular action connected with osteoclasts. These kinds of prescription drugs carry out nothing at all to help secure osteoclasts to produce brand new bone tissue progress. Raloxifene Evista in addition to Strontium ranlelate Protelos invigorates the particular progress connected with brand new bone tissue yet never restrain the job connected with osteoclasts of their operate connected with evacuating old bone tissue. So this overdue study displaying a new compound that could carry out both projects is actually quite energizing. To a new significant component of most of these prescription drugs get understandably real allergic reactions that will block their employment by means of a lot of folks. Lactoferon has been indicated to be a characteristic solution for IBS. It ensures the coating of your gastrointestinal tract, help your safe framework, and support in destroying living beings that can result in manifestations. It has been named by the FDA as GRAS (for the most part perceived as sheltered) for the whole populace, even the individuals who are susceptible to grain and dairy June 30, 2014 09:54 PM Echinacea Health Benefits June 12, 2014 08:32 PM What is an echinacea? Echinacea is a herb that is local to North America, and develops common in the mid-west. It is named a famous restorative herb, with other normal names, for example, purple cone blossom, and American cone bloom. Battle microorganisms, infections and different contaminations, knew Echinacea. This herb utilized to empower the insusceptible framework to battle diseases, secure from the normal cool, and decrease the length of time of a frosty. Echinacea is additionally known to be compelling at treating moderate recuperating wounds and skin contaminations, by empowering new tissue development. This herb might be found in wellbeing nourishment stores or on the web. Benefits of echinacea The profits of Echinacea are surprising. It has turned into the most well known natural solution for colds and influenza. Its anti-toxin and Resistant boosting properties make this herb a standout amongst the strongest recuperating herbs accessible. The properties of this plant respond with the cells in the body and quicken the mending methodology. The Resistant boosting properties make Echinacea, especially supportive in battling upper respiratory diseases, for example, nasal clogging, sore throat, and many people more contaminations. It additionally profits the circulatory system by separating the blood and disposing of poisons, its known as one of the best blood purifiers in nature. The bloom and base of the plant are in charge of the recuperating parts, and fortifies new tissue development for wound mending. Its calming impacts and topical operators serve to battle incendiary skin conditions. Numerous individuals have approached to say that they were cured of different skin issue, with topical requisitions of Echinacea treatment. It likewise has a cortisone sort element that assists with the mending of wounds, and control the incendiary responses to hypersensitivities. At the point when utilized topically Echinacea is against incendiary, disinfectant, and analgesic, to battle an assortment of creepy crawly nibbles, Eczema, and many people more skin aggravations. It can likewise be utilized as a mouthwash. At the point, when utilized alongside other homegrown cures, for example, garlic or vitamin c, it can decrease the length of time of a sickness. It is accepted to work through transient incitement of the insusceptible framework. Studies have demonstrated that taking this herb regularly can decrease your shots of contracting a bug or influenza throughout the year. In the event that you have caught an icy you can harvest the profits of Echinacea even half path through the icy, yet it works best on the off chance that you take it when you first begin to contract any of the manifestations connected with a cool. Much of the time, Echinacea does not result in any symptoms for clients. For a protected and common approach to guarantee your well being and fitting capacity of your invulnerable framework you cannot discover a more trusted item. The calming impacts and topical operators help to battle skin conditions. In case you're searching for a regular incitement of the insusceptible framework, a mitigating topical executor to help against skin issue, this herb will do the greater part of this and the sky is the limit from there. It has a fabulous security record, and is generally endured by most individuals, with no known danger. What Are The Health Benefits Of PABA May 10, 2014 04:30 AM What is a PABA Para-amino benzoic acid or PABA is generally not known, yet in any case it is a paramount supplement, however it is considered as one of the B-complex vitamins. The perplexity is maybe justifiable because PABA assumes a paramount part in the production in the collection of a standout amongst the most essential B-complex vitamins and folic acid. Benefits of folic acid The numerous vital benefits of folic acid have been generally recorded, the most critical likely being the avoidance of genuine conception deformities, especially spina bifida; and additionally insurance against stroke, cardiovascular malady and even certain malignancies. In reality, sufficient supplies of folic acid are viewed as so significant to wellbeing that staple sustenance, for example, bread are routinely enhanced with it. In any case the regular Western eating regimen is accepted by numerous nutritionists to be seriously insufficient. PABA's part in empowering the union of the body's vitamin might subsequently be viewed as sufficient in itself to make it a vital supplement in its own particular right. Nevertheless there is much more to para-aminobenzoic acid than this. The supplement has additionally been considered a general agains oxidant, help check the maturing and degenerative impacts of harming free radical action; and as a mitigating which may be gainful in the lightening of the indications of the menopause and osteoarthritis. The calming properties of PABA likewise make it a specific most loved by dietary specialists in battling glitches of the Resistant framework, for example, thyroiditis, and a possibly deadly condition known as scleroderma, in which stringy tissue develops through the skin. Moderate supplements of PABA were an old yet now unfashionable, medication for skin conditions, vitiligo, in which the skin loses its common pigmentation, bringing about unattractive and humiliating blotches. For most individuals, in any case, the great thing about PABA is that, it is not just promptly accessible from the nourishments, which embody a steadily adjusted eating regimen, yet can additionally be made by the body. Therefore, in customary circumstances, and in case you're in sensibly great wellbeing, you presumably need not bother with a different day by day supplement of PABA. Anyhow like all the B complex vitamins, PABA regardless capacities best in the vicinity of a great supply of every last one of others, thus it’s habitually found in restrictive multi-vitamin arrangements. The better quality ones usually incorporate around 30-50mg; a little add up to make it certain, however worth having as a protection strategy when you're pointing for ideal comprehensive nourishment, and especially when you acknowledge the supplement's pivotal part in the combination of folic acid. Does Elderberry Have Healing Properties? March 29, 2014 11:01 PM Benefits of an elderberry In the event that you or your youngster has ever had an awful instance of this season's flu virus, you know how hopeless it might be. Particularly for mothers, it is appalling to see your youngsters feeling so awful and not have the ability to settle it. Dark elderberries (Sambucus Nigra) have been indicated to anticipate influenza and pace recuperation in the individuals who have this season's cold virus. Elderberries hold large amounts of A, B, and C and fortify the Resistant framework. Several natural elderberry syrups are accessible at health stores or on the web, yet for the most part for around $15 or more for 4-8 ounces. This formula makes 16 ounces for an expense of fewer than ten dollars and children cherish the taste. They are likewise gentler diuretic, and diaphoretic. Flavonoids, including quercetin, are accepted to record for the therapeutic movements of the elderberry blossoms and berries. As stated by test tube studies these flavonoids incorporate anthocyanins that are influential cell reinforcements and ensure cells against harm. Utilized for its cancer prevention agent movement, to lower cholesterol, enhance vision, help the insusceptible framework, and enhance heart health and for hacks, colds, influenza, bacterial and viral contaminations and tonsillitis. Elderberry juice is utilized to treat an influenza pestilence in Panama in 1995. Most types of Sabcucus berries are consumable when picked ready and after that cooked. Both the skin and mash could be consumed. Be that as it may, it is imperative to note that most uncooked berries and other parts of plants from this family are toxic. Sambucus nigra is the assortment of Elderberry that is frequently utilized for health benefits as it is the main mixed bag recognized to be non-dangerous actually when not cooked, however it is still suggested to cook the berries at any rate a little to improve their taste and absorbability. What's So Special About Bentonite Clay? March 09, 2014 10:46 PM What is bentonite Bentonite Clay is mined around Fort Benton, Wyoming, from whence it got its name. Really Bentonite is found in ample supply in the northwest of the United States around Wyoming and Montana. Bentonite has been utilized by Indians and locals for a long time to cure a mixture of maladies by detoxifying the form. Bentonite is really simply regular earth from the beginning. It is 61% silica additionally holds 18% aluminum, and little measures of iron, sodium, and magnesium. It is basic, with a ph of 8.3 to 9.1. Bentonite works inside by drawing in a mixed bag of toxic substances from the gastrointestinal tract. The Bentonite Clay has a negative charge while the toxins have a tendency to have a positive charge. Along these lines there is the fascination of the toxins to the dirt. When these are assimilated, the figure wipes out the earth and toxins and you are healthier Is Cocoa Butter Good For The Skin? Why? March 06, 2014 03:27 PM Doubtlessly, there are few preferred healthy skin items over cocoa butter and some few that likewise makes you feel great deductively notwithstanding feeling extraordinary because of the way your skin looks so great, but Cocoa butter is good solid skin reinforcement, and for additional data on characteristic healthy skin items with a great experimental foundation. Therefore it is good for the skin. Reasons to why cocoa butter is good for your skin: Powdered cocoa butter contains a lot of diverse antioxidants which behave synergistically presenting a massive bothersome Resistant to the cost-free radicals which eliminate your skin layer cells along with lead to quick getting older. Therefore, therefore, is it doesn't suitable natural skin care solution. Let's have a look at which record again. Precisely why your 'ideal' natural skin care solution? In order to solution which question, we need to have a look at precisely what antioxidants tend to be, along with precisely what hot cocoa butter can perform them, along with after that the reason why it is advisable than additional natural skin care merchandise on the market. Totally free radicals tend to be small substances kinds in the body's fat burning capacity while vitality is generated coming from blood sugar in the mitochondria of each and every cell phone within your body. Fortunately they are shaped simply by experience of toxins including pesticides, along with particularly the several poisonous pieces of cigarette light up. Cigars along with water lines tend to be believe it or not harmful than tobacco, along with filtration system guidelines make not any difference towards the production connected with cost-free radicals. What exactly that they do is always to eliminate cells, when they're pores and skin cells you continue to grow older. Your skin layer wrinkles along with dries up, and you begin to take on the style connected with an individual many years over the age of you're. These people try this by way of a procedure often known as oxidation, along with antioxidants can certainly keep the idea. These people reduce the effects of your cost-free radicals, and forestall your skin layer cells coming from getting ruined. Contents of cocoa Powdered cocoa butter contains several different antioxidants that can eliminate away from numerous diverse cost-free radicals along with superoxides, as well as hydrogen peroxide. Vitamin e is really a powerful antioxidant -- your strongest of all the so-called antioxidant vitamin supplements in fact, and will quickly eliminate away from hydrogen peroxide along with any oxidizing agent. Others tend to be vitamin supplements A new along with G, however they can not strategy the potency of vitamin E. Furthermore, it contains phytochemicals (posh title pertaining to place chemicals) including flavanoids which might be also powerful antioxidants. Polyphenols are very effective in neutralizing cost-free radicals, and the hot chocolate mass polyphenols tend to be in particular successful. In fact, hot chocolate butter boasts a greater antioxidant awareness and then possibly blueberries as well as other so-called superfoods. In order that hot cocoa butter to work, it will email numerous of the pores and skin cells as is possible, that involves do away with the idea properly directly into your skin layer. The epidermis is incredibly absorbent all of which will eliminate cost-free radicals in the reduced absolute depths of the pores and skin as soon as they're created, along with ahead of they are able to do injury. It is clinically demonstrated which hot chocolate butter will certainly keep pores and skin degradation a result of the harmful consequences from the UV light in the rays of the sun -- UV rays builds cost-free radicals which are very effective in doing damage to pores and skin. Merely go through the influence connected with sunburn! However, there is additional in order to hot chocolate butter than which. It contains a substantial percentage connected with vitamins as well as lime scale, potassium, magnesium, zinc, manganese, copper along with metal, all of which come in a highly bioavailable style which make them far better which business vitamins. Not just that, though. Furthermore, it contains tryptophan, involved in the development connected with serotonin, your 'feel good' neurotransmitter, and also dopamine along with phenylethylamine, many beneficial materials. It is a mental faculties food as well as food to your pores and skin. Oregano Oil, Can It Help Me? February 22, 2014 07:57 AM Oregano oil contains powerful chemical substances that are responsible for its diverse medical applications. It contains a powerful combination of phytochemicals, flavonoids, and phenols that cannot be subdued by drug-Resistant disease causing microorganisms. In addition, oregano oil is packed with considerable amounts of minerals, trace elements, and vitamins that make the body stronger and Resistant to many diseases. Benefits of oregano Generally, oregano plant grows in harsh environments- conditions, which make it a good remedy for many stubborn health problems. To be precise, oregano plant grows in harsh environments in Portugal, Turkey, and Greece, where the soil is rich in minerals. The leaves of the oregano plant are crushed and distilled to get the oil, which is used for the following medical purposes. Oregano oil is very effective in treating respiratory medical conditions such as pneumonia, colds, bronchitis, sinusitis, cold, and coughs. In most of the cases, antibiotics sold and bought in the drug stores are always not effective in getting rid of the viral cells that are mainly responsible for the majority of respiratory diseases. However, with oregano oil, it only takes a few drops to get rid of the viral cells from the respiratory tract. Oregano oil is very important in the treatment of skin infections such as acne, ringworms, eczema, and skin rashes. The oil contains antiseptic chemicals that have the ability to get rid of all the bacterial microorganisms, which are responsible for various skin infections. In addition, the oil prevents the bacteria on the skin from multiplying and increasing in population. Oregano oil is also used in the treatment of arthritis and herpes. The oil has an exceptional ability to fight and eliminate viral components in the body. As a result, it is used in fighting, killing, and eliminating Herpes Simplex Virus, which is responsible for herpes. Its anti-inflammatory qualities make it a good solution to arthritis and any other related problems. Health Benefits of Lemon oil. February 20, 2014 04:58 PM Health Benefits of lemon oil Lemon oil has many health benefits. A part from combating weight which is the popular use, it has variety of benefits, some of it benefits includes. 1. Treatment of stomach ailments. It is very effective in treatment of various stomach problems such as constipation, acidity, indigestion and stomach upsets among other ailments. 2. Soothing effects. It is very effective in treating insomnia. It enhances good and comfortable sleep. 3. Refreshing effects. Lemon oil has a calm effect and it is a remedy to mental fatigue, dizziness, nervous tension and anxiety. 4. It creates a positive mindset and eradicates negative emotions. Use of lemon oil increases alertness and concentration and is recommended for students and workers to enhance their performance. 5. Boosts immune system. It is rich in vitamins that boost immune system. User are very Resistant to common ailments. It stimulates synthesis of white blood cells which guards body against diseases. It also improves blood circulation. 6. Weight loss. Lemon oil is popularly used for weight loss, it suppresses appetite and thus users will lose weight in a very healthy manner. 7. Hair care. Lemon oil is very effective in eliminating dandruffs, strengthen hair follicles and also ensures even distribution of hair. In addition, it use make hair to be strong, healthy and shiny. 8. Skin care. For those with skin acnes, this is the best product to use. Lemon oil is very effective in rejuvenating skin and makes users appear young. It is effective in pimples treatments and other skin disorders. 9. Asthma treatment. Lemon oil is a natural way to treat asthma, by inhaling it aroma, it clears air passages and sinuses, thus it clear air passage. 10. Antiseptic properties. It is used to hasten wound healing. 11. It is also used to ease pain especially by people with toothache. When massaged on the gums, it can stop gum bleeding and bad breath. Are Cashews A Healthy Choice For A Nut? February 03, 2014 07:30 PM Are cashew nuts healthy? Providing you consume them crude or dry broiled – and unsalted – different types of nuts are bravo. There isn't one sort of nut you might as well dodge. (As opposed to prevalent thinking, cashews and macadamia nuts are extremely nutritious.) All nuts are a great wellspring of plant protein, hold no cholesterol and are low in immersed fat. Actually, most of the fat in nuts is unsaturated, a heart solid sort of fat. The cashew nut might be seen uniquely in contrast to alternate sorts of nuts. Above all else, numerous individuals validate the way that this nut is much sweeter than alternate nuts we are utilized to. Cashews can additionally be consumed as snacks or could be utilized as a crude element as a part of the readiness of distinctive dishes, forsakes and even baked goods making them exceptionally adaptable. When you consume cashew nuts You ought not just savour them for the minute since they are surely delightful however you may as well additionally take the opportunity to acknowledge how solid they are. Some individuals are agonized over a lot of admission of nuts because of their reputed connectivity to weight issues and heart issues. The exceptional thing is that cashew nuts don't generally hold much cholesterol contrasted with different nuts. This can without a doubt delete the stresses identified with cholesterol in nuts, along these lines, making it an extraordinary part in dishes or as stand-alone snacks. Benefits of cashew nuts There are numerous points of interest to consuming these nuts. Above all else, they hold a ton of vitamins and minerals and that is one excuse for why we may as well guarantee expending these nuts consistently. Not just are cashews extremely flavorful and delicious, there are additionally known to be quite useful for the form and this due to the accompanying explanations: They hold a high amount of potassium which, thusly, is a basic building piece of the blood. Potassium aides encourage the methodology of blood clotting, therefore helps us adapt effortlessly to wounds or cuts. Individuals who experience the ill effects of the condition haemophilia can additionally profit much from consuming cashew nuts on account of the high potassium content. Cashew nuts are additionally known to be extraordinary wellsprings of filament. As we know, filament helps our digestive framework capacity well. Cashew nut filament permits us to process our sustenance better, in this way, helping simple defecation. When you have issues concerning customary and simple solid discharge, then it might be fitting to devour tree grown foods, vegetables and nuts that hold much filament. Iron is likewise held in cashew nuts. When you need press in your eating regimen, then you turn into an anaemic. Having anaemia is a condition wherein there are insufficient red platelets to convey oxygen all around your physique. Assuming that you are anaemic, then your different organs might be influenced and the level of vigor you have from regular can likewise be brought down. That is the reason legitimate oxygen measure ought to be guaranteed and that might be carried out by consuming foods grown from the ground, vegetables and nuts that can hold great measures of iron. Cashew nuts likewise hold copper. The fundamental motivation behind this supplement is to support the figure in its press retention. As we have said, iron is one vital figure component and if brought with nourishment holding copper, then your physique can ingest the previous better. Manganese and magnesium are different minerals found in cashew nuts. These two minerals help tissue and unit establishment. When you need your skin to look better or when you need your hair to develop well, then fitting cell and tissue development can help accomplish these objectives. Phosphorus and zinc, which are additionally vital for the working of our physique, can likewise be found in cashew nuts. Riboflavin and thiamine are additionally found in these delectable nuts and can help improve great vision, solid skin and likewise enhances our Resistant framework. Is Coconut Oil A Brain Food? January 26, 2014 09:34 AM It is amazing how coconut oil has been ascribed as a good brain food. Since Dr. Mary Newport associated coconut oil with the ability to cure Alzheimer’s disease, it has attracted the attention of researchers and other interested parties. However, her attractive explanation of how the oil helped her husband to improve her husband’s Alzheimer’s disease can be described from the observation of an Alzheimer patient’s brain. Taking into consideration Axona that is usually used by Alzheimer’s patients, its active ingredients is the caprylic acid that is extracted from the oil. As a substitute, Dr. Newport used coconut food products such as oil and milk in her husband diet to achieve the same quantity of MCTs. This improved her husband’s condition a clear indication that coconut oil has some medicinal value. From a scientific point of view, it is approved that the disease is caused by insulin Resistant cells thus causing the brain to unsuccessfully use glucose to fuel their activity. In its place, ketone bodies are used as a substitute fuel supply. Coconut oil is a good supply of medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs), for instance caprylic acid that is simply transformed into ketone bodies in the liver when ingested. Then they act as an alternative of glucose which provides fuel for the brain. Neuroprotective effect of the coconut oil is attributed to the ketone bodies formed as a byproduct of coconut oil metabolism. Therefore, leading to an energy metabolism. The ketone bodies will then supply the compromised brain structure with the much-needed alternative fuel source from the Ketone bodies. However, it is of the essence to state that coconut oil is only known for improving the condition. For this reason, there has been an increased call for more research, particularly human clinical trials. Since there is no any cure yet, coconut oil is going to remain a good brain food of choice for others who are experiencing Alzheimer. How Does Artemisinin Boost Your Health? November 22, 2013 10:15 PM What is Artemisinin? Artemisinin also known as Ching hao su is a herbal medicine that is extracted from wormwood herb. Asians have been using this leaf for many years to treat simple ailment such as parasitic infections and cold. However, it has recently become very useful for its effect on malaria. The herb has been used to treat parasitic infections, mainly worms and flukes that strain our body not only on feeding them but also in excreting their waste & by-products. Malaria is caused by such a parasite and artemisinin has proved to be effective solution. Artemisinin and Malaria The plant contains a chemical known as Endoperoxide Bridge that reacts with iron to form free radical which is unwelcomed in our body. Nevertheless, malaria parasites have high level of iron that reacts with artemisinin to form free radicals that kill off the parasite. This has become the best cure for malaria since the parasites that cause it have developed mutant to many cures and they are not Resistant to the endoperoxide. What are Other Benefits of Artemisinin? For other application is in the fight against cancer. Different cancers such as colon cancer and leukemia that involve iron rich cells can be destroyed by artemisinin by the same mechanism that kills off malaria parasites. Cancer cells are known to accumulate iron because they need it in cell division process. However, if you’re using artemisinin for treatment of cancer cells, it is important not to eat antioxidant containing supplements or foods because this drug work by creating free radicals that destroy cancer cells, antioxidant activity is known to counter these free radicals. If you are suffering from intestinal parasites, then taking a gram or two each day will keep them off. This supplement is also effective when you are dealing with cough, cold and other general conditions but is more effective in the ones that cause fever. The Chinese have been using it as a form of “cure all” when specific remedies fail. Food allergies and pancreatin May 21, 2013 10:59 AM Food allergy is a condition where the body's immune system reacts to some substances in the food that you have eaten resulting in an allergic reaction. It is important to note that children are more prone to food allergy when compared to adults. Some of the common foods that may cause allergy are peanut, milk, eggs, fish, tree nuts and so on. Food allergies may be exhibited in different ways for example atopic allergic reactions occur to people who have inherited the allergic traits. Others will be highly sensitive to certain foods for example people who are oversensitive to peanuts. There is also the celiac disease which results in allergy to proteins found in grain such as wheat. How exactly does food cause allergic reactions? The particles in your food that will cause allergy are referred to as allergens. Allergens are protein in nature and they are Resistant to heat during cooking, stomach acid during digestion and also digestive enzymes. When these enzymes find their way to the blood stream, they will reach their target organs where they will result in allergic reactions. It is important to note that an allergic reaction is a hypersensitive reaction and therefore for this reaction to occur, the body must have been exposed to that particular food substance before. The first time the allergen is introduced in the body, the lymphocytes are stimulated to produce antibodies against that particular antibody. The next time that allergen finds its way into the blood stream, the mast cells will be stimulated to release different chemicals such as histamine which results in different symptoms of food allergy. Digestive enzymes may play a very crucial role in alleviating symptoms of food allergies. The enzymes will break down fats, proteins and starch thereby aiding in digestion. Pancreatin which has a number of digestive enzymes will alleviate allergic symptoms such as gastroenteritis, indigestion, stomach discomfort and so on. Sometimes with age, the production of pancreatin in the body might reduce and in such circumstances, one can take specially made pancreatin tablets which serve the same purpose. Pancreatin is a word that is used to describe a mixture of digestive enzymes produced by exocrine cells in the pancreas. The enzymes contained in pancreatin include amylase, protease, trypsin and lipase. Sometimes, pancreatin will be referred to as pancreatic acid. Apart from treating food allergies, pancreatin will also help to reduce symptoms for weight loss, cancer, autoimmune disease, celiac disease and food allergies. Each of the enzymes in pancreatin plays a very important role in the digestion process. Trypsin works by hydrolyzing proteins to form oligopeptites, amylase will work to hydrolyze starch to form disaccharides and oligosaccharides, and lipase will hydrolyze triglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids. Food allergy is a common thing among very many people in the world. Sometimes, many people will find it hard to determine the exact food which they are allergic to. The easiest way to find out the exact type of food that you are allergic to is through trial and error method. Other times diagnosing the food intolerance may be complicated especially in cases where one not allergic to the food itself but the ingredients used in its preparation. If you are experiencing food allergies, consider trying pancreatic enzymes like pancreatin for a month with every meal and feel the difference. Is Colloidal Silver Good For Boils? February 04, 2013 03:21 PM Colloidal silver is one of alternative medicines whose popularity is increasing everyday. Although most people in the world are experiencing this product for the first time, the fact is that it has been there for a very long time. The product is prepared by mixing silver nitrate with distilled water. Basically, this product is made by suspending the molecules of silver in distilled water. The resulting suspension is used as a nutritional supplement and also as an antibiotic. When used as antibiotic, it helps in killing different types of pathogens including bacteria, virus and fungus. It works by disabling a specific enzyme in the pathogen which is responsible for oxygen metabolism. When this enzyme is disabled, the pathogen will not be able to make food and therefore it will die within a very short period of time. The good thing about colloidal silver is that it does not touch healthy blood cells as it only targets the pathogens. When used as a nutritional supplement, colloidal silver helps to boost body's immunity. When you take this product, it is absorbed into the body through small intestines and then it is transported in to different body cells. The process of eliminating pathogens may take up to four days. It is important to note that many pathogens today are becoming Resistant to traditional antibiotics and therefore patients and health professionals are always looking for a better solution. Due to the fact that this product is able to deal with different types of pathogens, it has found use in treating a wide range of infections including boils. How colloidal silver helps to get rid of boils Boils are very common among so many people around the world. They are mainly caused by a bacterial infection. One may get boils when exposed to the specific bacteria. When body's immunity falls, one has a higher risk of getting boils. Colloidal silver helps to treat boils in two ways; When this product targets the bacteria causing the boils, the bacteria will die off and the boils will heal. Due to the fact that this product is fast acting, the boils may disappear within 3 or four days. Colloidal suspension provides a different kind of immunity that works parallel to the existing body immunity. This means that the body is given a new power to fight infections. A strong immunity allows the body to effectively fight foreign organisms in the body. Therefore the body will be able to fight the boil bacteria. This will not only ensure recovery, it will also prevent future recurrence of the condition. Preventive Measures for Metabolic Syndrome/ Diabetes February 10, 2012 07:55 AM Metabolic syndrome is a serious health problem associated with cluster of conditions like high cholesterol level, high blood pressure, high sugar level and excessive fats in the abdomen. It increases risks of diabetes, heart attack and stroke. Having one of these conditions doesn't mean that you have metabolic syndrome. However, frequent occurrence of any of these symptoms can increase risk. Knowing your family's medical history can prevent metabolic syndrome that can lead to diabetes. If it runs in the family, consult your doctor to have your blood sugar, cholesterol and blood pressure checked. Avoid high carb diet to prevent metabolic syndrome and diabetes. During digestion, carbohydrate rich foods are broken down into sugar or glucose. Glucose gives energy to the body while calorie is the measure of burned energy. When high amount of carbohydrate is digested, it increases sugar level in the blood. The brain prompts the pancreas release insulin to neutralize blood sugar level. Diabetes happens when the body becomes Resistant to insulin or when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin. Replace high carb diet with more nutritious foods like oats, whole wheat, rye, red rice, sweet potatoes and buckwheat. They are energy giving food rich in dietary fibers. Fibers keep a healthy digestive system by improving digestion and eliminating body wastes. It maintains sexy abs by flushing out excess belly fats. Stay physically active by engaging into sports and exercises. Inactive body does not use much energy. Unused energy is stored in the body in form of fats. Fat cells are Resistant to insulin thus, increase blood sugar and cholesterol level. Fat cells slow down metabolism and increase weight gain. While lean muscles hastens metabolism even when the body is at rest. Lean muscle protects the body against insulin resistance. Maintain a well balanced diet to reverse diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Raw fruits like oranges, berries, pineapple, grapes and other citrus fruits are good alternative for desserts like cakes. They are rich in Vitamin C that lowers cholesterol and burns fats. It is also rich in antioxidants that shield the body against harmful toxins. Add green leafy vegetables to your diet to increase immunity from sickness like diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Green leafy vegetables are rich in Vitamin E that repairs and regenerates damaged cells. Develop a healthy sleeping pattern. Sleep disturbances and staying up late at night prompt the pancreas to continually release insulin. This creates stress on the pancreas that leads to insufficient production of insulin. A well rested mind and body keep metabolic syndrome and diabetes away. Try natural remedies like cinnamon, pine bark, and blueberry leaf extract. Cinnamon prevents diabetes and metabolic syndrome by lowering cholesterol and blood sugar level. Pine bark, when extracted produces pycnogenol that absorbs glucose in the blood. It also protects the eyes from blindness and blurred vision caused by diabetes. Blueberry leaf extract regulates blood sugar level by increasing the body's sensitivity to insulin. Health supplements like chromium and alpha lipoic acid have shown great results in preventing and managing diabetes. Chromium is a mineral that metabolizes carbohydrates to prevent weight gain. It stabilizes blood sugar and prevents hypertension. History And Uses Of Xylitol February 07, 2012 07:50 AM Xylitol is the 5-carbon sugar which is found within the birch tree sap and it's naturally found in the fibers of various vegetables and fruits. This is a sugar-alcohol sweetener commonly used as the sugar substitute. History of xylitol Although discovered in the 19th century during the Second World War, Xylitol has been recognized ever since the tardy 1800s. The researchers from Germany and France were the first individuals to try to produce this product approximately 100 years ago, but ended up creating syrup-like consistency mixture. This product became commercially available in the 1960s and the commercial process is still the same as it was during the 1960s. Before 1943, the scientists' categorized this sugar with various sugary carbohydrates (polyols) and it lingered so till the beginning of the war-associated deficiency of sugar which initiated the call for an alternate sugar. This initiated further research in to the xylitols insulin-independent properties, this resulted in discovery of its other biological benefits. In 1962 this chemical was introduced in the infusion therapy demonstrating that it can be introduced to ill individuals. The commercial production process involves extraction of Polysaccharides rich in Xylose from various agricultural by-products and hardwoods. These are hydrolyzed with various intense acidic treatments and then it is purified before hydrogenation is done. This process needs a lot of harsh chemicals and is quite expensive and inefficient. It was until 1970 that the odontological benefit of xylitol was ascertained in Finland, Turku. The initial study of the effects of this sugar on the dental plaque began during the same year. This resulted in large scale production of xylitol, in 1974 by the Finnish sugar company. Sugar-free dental product was first launched in Finland which was a xylitol chewing-gum. How xylitol works This sugar can prevent cavity in various ways by actually blocking the tooth decaying process. The bacteria causing decay cannot ferment this sugar into acids as it does with other sugars including dextrose, fructose, glucose and sucrose. This results in production of less acidic by-product thus interfering with the dental plaque environment which favors decaying. This results in prevention of tooth demineralization. The high pH condition caused by xylitol sugar is not favorable for the cariogenic bacteria which are responsible for decaying. This results in fewer bacteria in the plaques and long-term exposure has an effect on which type of bacteria will prevail within the plaque. This also inhibits the growth of specific xylitol-sensitive bacteria strain. Since they cannot breakdown this sugar, they end up not reproducing and growing in population. The lack of fermentable sugars results in creation of anti-cavity effect. The starvation effect created by this sugar prevents accumulation of cariogenic bacteria in the plaques. Long term xylitol exposure results in change of predominant cariogenic bacteria to xylitol-Resistant strains from xylitol-sensitive. This xylitol-sensitive strain of bacteria cannot colonize the plaque since they have less adhering capabilities. The less acidic condition in the dental plaque interface created by this sugar can initiate demineralization. Demineralization occurs when the plaque interface is at a pH of 5.5 or below since fewer bacteria live in the plaques. Studies have showed that demineralized tooth samples immersed in a solution containing 20% xylitol experienced a great remineralization degree. This is noted in the deep and middle tooth layers. Acne Treatment of Different Skin Types September 20, 2011 11:30 AM Not everyone has the same skin type, and if you have acne, then the treatment could be dependent on your skin type. Before discussing the different acne treatments available, therefore, it will be necessary to discuss the various skin types. Skin types are graded in a number of ways, anything from 3 types to several. Here we shall discuss more than the normal three (oily, dry and normal) but instead look at seven. 1. Normal Skin Normal skin looks evenly colored and textured, firm and smooth without larger pores. People with normal skin probably had mild acne when at high school, but cleared up fairly quickly during the teenage years without specialized treatment or scarring. Acne in this type of skin normally requires only mild topical treatment and a mild antibiotic face wash to keep the pores clean of dead skin cells. Treatments designed to reduce sebum production could result in dry skin susceptible to environmental damage. What must be kept in mind is that the prime cause of acne is excessive production of skin oil, correctly known as sebum, becoming mixed with shed skin cells within the sebaceous pores and plugging them. When this plug gets infected with bacteria, the immune system leaps into action to produce puss through leucocytes attacking the bacteria, and inflammation designed to create temperature conditions alien to bacteria. If you use treatments formulated to reduce sebum production in oily skin, then you might lose the natural skin oil needed to keep your skin waterproof and Resistant to the pollution and chemical agents that can cause dermatitis. 2. Dry Skin If you got through adolescence with few or no skin problems, and you have dry hair and your skin feels dry after washing, then you have dry skin. It is even more important with dry skin that you do not use sebum-reducing treatments, if you even get acne at all. Only the mildest acne treatments should be used if you have dry skin, thought is unlikely that you will get anything other the very mildest case if you really have dry skin. Your skin can dry through age, so to be of a dry skin type, you should have suffered, or be suffering, these problems while you are 35 years old or under. After that age your skin tends to dry out naturally. 3. Oily Skin This completes the trilogy of the classic skin types. Oily skin is associated with acne, and if your hair is oily, you tend to tan very easily rather than go red in the sun, and if oily make-ups, such as some foundations, tend to last only a short time, then you likely have oily skin. You will also have suffered from acne as a teenager, and your skin will have a particular 'look'. It will often appear shiny, and will also seem to have a coarse texture with larger pores than most others seem to have. You will tend to get a lot of blackheads, not only as a teenager. Oily skin is classically associated with acne, and it is for those with that skin type that classic treatments will be prescribed, such as antibiotics and Accutane. Apart from these three skin types, there are others that have been defined involving a combination of these and also age. Sensitive skin is associated with broken blood vessels beneath the surface of the skin, and such skin types should be treated very carefully. If creams or lotions are applied to sensitive skin they should be rubbed in very gently as it could cause bruising. Sensitive skin is no more susceptible to acne than most other skin types although significantly less so than oily skin. For that reason, treatments for sensitive skin should be similar to that for dry skin or in most cases normal skin. Combination skin has an oily zone across the forehead, and down the nose and chin, the other areas of the face being normal or dry. Such skin can also be oily along the jaw line and normal to dry everywhere else. In such cases aggressive acne treatment might be necessary in the oily zones, and more mild treatments used in the areas which are normal. There are three other classes or skin type based upon age or condition, one being mature skin and other ailing skin and the final type, surprise, surprise, being known as acne skin. Ailing skin is caused by skin conditions other than acne, and you should get the advice of a dermatologist if you believe you have this type of skin. Mature skin on the other hand is natural and occurs with age: the skin becomes slack and loose due to a slowing down of cell growth which causes the skin to lose elasticity. There is no cure for this type of skin other than cosmetic surgery, and it is rarely affected by acne. Acne skin is normally oily and associated with blackheads, pimples and spots. It is not normally applied to serious acne conditions, being mostly associated with skin which is generally 'spotty', as opposed to mostly clear. It is debatable whether acne skin is any different from oily skin which also tends to be covered with spots and pimples, and the treatments for acne skin are no different to those for oily skin: these are Accutane, antibiotics and topical treatments such as face washes and scrubs. If you have acne skin you must be careful about the type of cosmetics and face cleansers you use, since either could aggravate your condition. This is not restricted only to those with oily skins of course, since everyone should be aware of the effect of cosmetics and face cleansers on their skin but it is more significant with those who suffer from acne. Cosmetics cannot cause acne, but they can help to aggravate infections which have already occurred. Although most focus is placed on those with oily skins which are more susceptible to acne, people with any type of skin should consider carefully the types of cosmetic and cleansers which they use. Contrary to what you may have heard or read, acne has nothing to do with your diet - eating fatty foods or chocolates do not cause acne, which is caused only through production of excess sebum, or skin oil, by the sebaceous glands. Irrespective of your skin type your physician will determine the best treatment that is appropriate for your particular case of acne. This may be different for individuals and may or may not change according to skin type. Antiseptic face washes or scrubs may be appropriate for some acne cases, Accutane might be the best treatment for others, while a course of internal antibiotics such as tetracyclines may be deemed appropriate for yet other cases. Treating acne has three distinct phases: 1. Removal of the blackheads and lesions. The removal of lesions can also involve a degree of scar removal, although that is another topic. Black heads, whiteheads and other papules can be treated by the use of facial cleansers and scrubs. They should not be squeezed since the puss inside them could be forced deeper into the skin and so lead to a more generalized infection. 2. Treatment of the bacterial infection. The typical symptoms of acne, the papules, whiteheads and blackheads, are caused by bacterial infection of the plug of sebum and dead skin cells within the sebaceous follicles. The general treatment for such infections is antibiotics, both topically and internally. Tetracycline has already been mentioned as a common internal antibiotic, and several forms of antibiotics are used in facial scrubs of which peroxides and benzoates may perhaps be rather severe for dry and sensitive skins. 3. The third phase is treatment of the causes of excessive sebum production. This is generally not entirely treatable since it is predominantly due to excessive hormonal activity at certain times of your life such as puberty, menstruation, pregnancy and menopause. However, your physician may offer treatments such as the contraceptive pill which should be used with care. Other treatments include agents that aid desquamation, so preventing the irregular shedding of skin cells that lead to the mixture of sebum and dead skin cells that form the plug that is so easily affected by bacterial infection. Together these three stages of acne treatment can, if not prevent the condition, certainly reduce its extent and have less of an effect on your skin, particularly if you are the off the oily skin type. Doctors will take your skin type into consideration when determining the best acne treatment for you, although all generally this will only be with respect to topical treatments: treatments that are applied to the surface of your skin. There are also a number of herbal treatments which are used in the treatment of various stages of acne, and many sufferers find these equally as effective as the more traditional forms of topical applications as prescribed by physicians. However given that the treatment you use is safe according to your physician, any that works for you is the acne treatment that you should likely use, irrespective of your skin type. How to Remove Excess Estrogen Naturally From the Body? August 30, 2011 10:00 AM Estrogen is an important reproductive hormone in the body that helps maintain female traits as well as reproductive organs and functions. Estrogen is found in both men and women but is predominantly found on women and lesser in men. Although estrogen is natural, excess amounts prove to be problematic and frequently does have its negative effects on men as well as women. Research shows that excess estrogen may be the reason of excess fat in our body. It seems that no matter what we do, it just won’t come off and seems to be Resistant from diet and exercise. Stubborn fat, as what others call it. Excess estrogen leads to larger deposits of adipose tissue or fat tissues in the body. For men, the problematic areas are the chest and stomach, which also leads to formation of firm breast tissues, a condition called gynecomastia. The stomach, upper thighs, lower buttocks and the back of the upper arms are the problematic areas for women. In women, excessive amount of estrogen seems to pose health concerns too. Most women complain of hot flashes and unpredictable bleeding during menstrual cycle, aside from the irrational feeling it creates. Increased level of the less favorable type of estrogen in the body are also believed to contribute to higher risk of certain types cancers such as breast cancer. Lifestyle and diet modification contribute greatly to lowering the excess level of estrogen in the body. Proper diet significantly can help in restoring the estrogen level in one’s body back to normal. Adding more soy – based products in the diet or supplements of the like can effectively lower the amount of estrogen in the body. Phytoestrogens, predominantly genistein and daidzein are found in soy products which can help to naturally get rid of excess natural estrogen in the body. Also, add more fiber in your diet. Fiber helps in removing excess estrogen by binding, and thus removing excess hormones. Fruits, vegetables and whole grains pack a lot of fiber. Western diet also shows an imbalance of omega-3/omega-6 fatty acids, in which omega-6 is predominantly abundant, which provides too much estrogen producing chemicals. So, increased intake of fish, which is high in omega-3, can help in reducing estrogen levels. Sugar also raises estrogen levels and also negatively affects your body in many other ways. So cut down on sugar. Also, reduce alcohol intake since breast cancer is higher in people who have higher intake of alcohol due to the increase of hormones it causes. Regular and proper exercise can also help in lowering estrogen levels in the body. Regular exercise releases endorphins, a natural hormone which helps to regulate estrogen-to-testosterone-balance. Getting enough sleep is also another efficient way. Estrogen levels are also affected by one’s sleep cycle. The ability of your body to redress hormone levels in the body is greatly affected when you get enough sleep. There is also a home test kit available that determines the level of estrogen in your body. A urine sample is required and then is sent to a medical laboratory. Customized supplements can be recommended if it is determined that your estrogen levels are too high. Skin Infections - Abscess April 26, 2010 03:21 PM When puss accumulates in a tissue, organ, or confined space in the body due to infection, an abscess can be formed. Abscesses may be located either externally or internally, and can often result from an injury or a lowered resistance to infection. An abscess can form in the brain, lungs, teeth, gums, underarms, abdominal wall, gastrointestinal tract, ears, tonsils, sinuses, bones, breasts, kidneys, prostate gland, rectum, scrotum, or almost any other body part. Infections are the most common disorders found in humans and they can be produced by bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi. A boil is an external abscess. The affected area can become swollen, inflamed, hot, red, and tender. The individual may also experience fatigue, loss of appetite, weight loss, and alternating bouts of fever and chills. In some severe cases, blood infection and/or rupture of the abscess can occur. The material that is found inside of an abscess consists of living and dead white blood cells, dead tissue, bacteria, and/or toxins. All of which must be discarded from the body. An abscess that suddenly appears is often referred to as acute, while those that are present for a period of days or weeks is often termed to be chronic. A chronic abscess is more Resistant to treatment because of the damage being more severe and widespread. On the other hand, acute abscesses are less extensive and generally respond to treatment within a matter of days. An abscess that is treated should usually begin to heal in a few days, with complete healing resulting in a week or two. An abscess that does not show any signs of healing within this amount of time can be an indication of problems in the immune system. Although complications are rare, they can include bleeding or recurrence of the abscess. An abscess is basically a sign that the body is trying to rid itself of impurities. These impurities can consist of cells that are deficient in nutrients, which often stems from poor diet and exposure to environmental pollutants, chemicals, and other harmful substances. Eating junk food cluters the system with foods that lack nutrients and prevents cellular wastes from being eliminated efficiently, as it causes problems like constipation and sluggish liver, spleen, and kidney function. The following herbs are beneficial for healing abscesses and cleansing the blood: burdock root, cayenne, dandelion root, red clover, and yellow dock root. Chamomile tea is also good for treating dental abscesses and consuming distilled water with fresh lemon juice along with three cups of Echinacea, goldenseal, and astragalus or suma tea is also helpful. An Echinacea tea of extract in warm water can be used as a mouthwash for dental abscesses. Also, a poultice that combines lobelia and slippery elm bark is a great soothing way to fight infections. Milk thistle, when taken in the capsule form, is good for the liver and aids in the cleansing of the bloodstream. Also, tea tree oil, applied externally, is a potent natural antiseptic that kills infectious organisms without harming healthy cells. This solution will destroy the bacteria, hasten healing, and prevent the infection from spreading. Herbs like the above mentioned ones are available at your local or internet health food store. Always choose name brands to ensure quality and purity of the herbal supplement you purchase for consumption. NADH 10 mg And 20 mg Enhanced with Bioenergy RIBOSE December 10, 2009 04:23 PM NADH 10 mg And 20 mg Enhanced with Bioenergy RIBOSE™ NADH is the biologically-active form of vitamin B-3 (niacin), and is involved in a wide range of functions throughout the body. An easier way to understand it, is to think of NADH as a biological spark plug that makes it possible for us to become and remain energetic, active, and functioning at our best. Remove the “spark” and some of the most basic human functions will inevitably suffer. This is not speculation. It is the result of decades of scientific investigation that has examined the link between nutrition and chronic conditions; notably those related to cellular life cycles and apoptosis, excessive fatigue, enzyme decline, free radical expansion, cognitive disparity, intracellular balance, normalized aging, and many more important aspects of human health.* Based on a wealth of ongoing studies, we have a great understanding of the benefits of NADH. Not only is it an effective source of cellular energy, it is also one the body’s versatile electron donors—the molecule most frequently degraded during oxidation. Because of these characteristics NADH is, however, also very unstable with regard to light and oxygen, which leads to a very rapid loss of overall effectiveness. Additionally, poor lifestyle choices, such as the use of tobacco, excessive consumption of alcohol, drugs, and prescription medications, sleep deprivation, genetically-engineered foods, and a host of others can all inhibit the activity of NADH within the body. Hope is not lost, however. NOW® NADH contains a patented form of NADH from Panmol® - the first natural stabilized, stomach acidResistant form of this unique vitamin B3 supplement. Panmol® uses a patented process to naturally preserve its effectiveness. The end result is a highly stable, and bioavailable NADH which can easily withstand the harsh, acidic environment of the stomach and digestive tract; a breakthrough in the battle against many of todays’ most chronic conditions. NOW® NADH is available in both 10 and 20 mg potencies. Both varieties have been further enhanced with 200 mg of Bioenergy RIBOSE™ to support its cellular energy support properties.* Who Stands to Benefit from NADH With a proper supply of amino acids and/or B3 vitamins (niacin) the human body is, in fact, capable of producing a limited reserve of NADH. Under chronic strain however, the body’s need for NADH increases. As we age, the body’s ability to manufacture NADH becomes increasingly limited. With this in mind, the following groups stand to benefit the most from incorporating NOW® NADH into their supplement regimen. • Those who work in stressful, cognitively-demanding professions	<urn:uuid:485ce721-0354-4d45-a372-f0598fa92965>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://vitanetonline.com/forums/search/Resistant/1	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.947186	21,068	2.390625	2
Struggling to include healthy food choices into your daily routine? Busy class schedules and extracurricular activities can lead to eating on the run and choosing processed ready-to-eat meals. Check out our tips and resources for staying on track with healthy eating habits. It can be challenging to eat well while in college. Students can get too busy to eat regularly throughout the day. This often means grabbing fast food on the run, which can be expensive and often unhealthy. Click the links to view our quick and easy recipes or cooking demonstration videos! Water is arguably the most important component of the body as it is essential to every level of the metabolic process. Your body is made up of roughly 50-60 percent water. It transfers nutrients, helps in the breakdown and utilization of those nutrients, and also helps remove toxins and waste products. Visit the links for more information.	<urn:uuid:6d8ef415-a8e4-452a-9398-196c4d6a867a>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.usf.edu/student-affairs/wellbeing/health-topics/healthy-eating.aspx	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.965893	194	3.046875	3
Journey to Circulation Journey to Circulation Before a Federal Reserve note enters circulation, it must pass through four critical steps: design, order, production, and issuance. All of these steps require close collaboration between the Federal Reserve Board, the Federal Reserve Banks, the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Bureau of Engraving and Printing, and the U.S Secret Service. U.S. currency begins with the design process, which is an interagency effort between the Federal Reserve, the U.S. Department of the Treasury's Bureau of Engraving and Printing, and the U.S. Secret Service. The Secretary of the Treasury has final approval of designs of Federal Reserve notes. Keep scrolling for Step 2: Order The Federal Reserve Board places an order for currency from the U.S. Treasury Department’s Bureau of Engraving and Printing every year. The order is based on how much currency will be demanded by the public in the coming year and by how much currency we expect Reserve Banks will destroy because the notes are unfit to circulate or because of other factors, such as inventory management or the issuance of a new design. Keep scrolling for Step 3: Production The Bureau of Engraving and Printing receives the print order and manufactures Federal Reserve notes at its facilities in Washington, D.C., and Fort Worth, Texas. To get a more detailed look of how banknotes are made, Discover more about how banknotes are made. Keep scrolling for Step 4: Issuance The Federal Reserve Board pays the Bureau of Engraving and Printing for the cost of printing currency and arranges and pays for the transport of the currency from the Bureau of Engraving and Printing facilities in Washington, D.C., and Fort Worth, Texas, to Federal Reserve Bank cash offices. As the issuing authority, the Federal Reserve Board turns the pieces of paper manufactured at the Bureau of Engraving and Printing into lawful money. Keep scrolling for Step 5: Circulation Federal Reserve Bank cash offices distribute banknotes to the public through depository institutions, such as commercial banks, credit unions, and savings and loans associations. Federal Reserve Banks are responsible for processing banknotes to ensure that they are genuine and fit for recirculation. If the banknotes are not genuine, Federal Reserve Banks send them to the U.S. Secret Service. If they are genuine and still in good condition, the notes are sent to depository institutions to fill new orders for currency.	<urn:uuid:cc926d85-5565-4545-a1d9-84ba289e9dad>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.uscurrency.gov/life-cycle/journey-circulation	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.915058	544	3.203125	3
Attitudes towards Ukrainian refugees have changed – poll Fewer people in the Czech Republic are willing to sacrifice their livelihoods to help fleeing Ukrainians, a survey has revealed The number of Czechs supporting the government’s decision to accept Ukrainian refugees has dropped from 70% in early April to 58% in mid-June, according to data released by Czech pollster STEM. The number of refugees staying in the country, which borders Ukraine, grew from 200,000 to 300,000 over the same period. Many Ukrainians fled abroad after Russia launched a military campaign in late February. Out of those polled in April, 53% said they were ready to both help Ukrainians and cope with a decrease in their own living standards for a “necessary period of time.” That fell to 40% in mid-June. “The importance of the war in Ukraine in the social debate is declining, and the urgency of issues related to migration and longstanding unresolved problems of the Czech Republic (which the war often highlights) is growing,” STEM wrote in its report. The company noted that concerns over rising prices, migration, and “significant uncertainty about the future” are prevalent in public sentiment. Last month, the Senate, the upper house of the Czech parliament, tightened the rules for Ukrainian refugees accessing free housing and welfare payments. The move was aimed at combating what the Czech media dubbed ‘benefit tourism’.	<urn:uuid:0b8d6e03-b67b-444d-ace6-cad0c0fc908b>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://kashco.co.uk/attitudes-towards-ukrainian-refugees-have-changed-poll/33267/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.967984	292	1.914063	2
Everything that God gave Moses was good, it just wasn’t complete. Moses’ covenant isn’t bad, it is just imperfect. The Bible is a book of covenants on purpose. The Edenic, Adamic, Noahetic, Mosaic, and Davidic all served a purpose and all show different sides of God and his desire for us. But the New Covenant is the better, perfect covenant. It takes precedent over all the other ones. Jesus Himself stands behind the New Covenant. He is guarantor of it. Jesus himself is the guarantee of our salvation, of the earthly blessing, of the Holy Spirit’s dwelling in you. Every promise in the Bible is yours—he guarantees it. As the new priest, Jesus shows us that he has an unchangeable priesthood. Jesus’ priesthood remains the same. “Jesus Christ is the same yesterday, today, and forever.” (Hebrews 13:8) He’s always good. He’ll always forgive. He’ll always heal. We need to get this into our thinking: He’s unchanging in his heavenly calling. He is not like a man that will die or change his mind or be subject to his emotions. He saves to the uttermost: completely and forever. Our salvation is complete and unending because of Jesus. We won’t wake up tomorrow and he suddenly decides to withdraw my salvation. His heavenly function is to intercede for you and I. Someone is praying for you today: Jesus the High Priest. He’s calling out to the Father by name. The devil condemns you, but Jesus is standing in heaven defending you. He’s making intercession. He’s crying out for everything that he died to give us to be done in our lives. He’s crying out for our lives to be forever changed according to what he died to do. He’s declaring, praying and voicing those things to the Father.	<urn:uuid:96b35c4e-ed91-44d4-ba5d-aa76b376f11b>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.michaelmaiden.org/blog/the-unchangeable-jesus-christ/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.956306	415	1.742188	2
5 Fun Shapes Worksheet Coloring Page. Here are some free printable worksheets for shapes tracing and coloring. Color the shapes coloring page. Print this worksheet (it'll print full page) save on pinterest. Free printable shape tracing worksheets shape tracing worksheets free preschool printables shapes worksheet kindergarten worksheets on polygons and flat shapes. Matching shapes worksheet coloring page basic shapes great for preschool shape worksheets for. This Color Pattern Autism Worksheet Will Teach Pattern Recognition To Your Child With The Help Of Shapes And Colors. Each free worksheets for kids has a splash of color in the middle for kids to use as a starting point. Login to add to favorites. Preschool shapes worksheets and printables. And Give Your Little One Lots Of Practice In Multiple Skills. Fill by number worksheets are so much fun to color. This section includes fun all difficult shapes coloring pages color posters. This worksheet will make the learning experience of your child fun. These Cut And Paste Shapes Worksheets Are Super Fun Activities For 3 To 5 Year Olds. The child will have to complete the pattern by coloring shapes. All kinds of shapes make up the things we see every day. If you’re looking for other easy options to start off with, consider: Free Printable Shape Tracing Worksheets Shape Tracing Worksheets Free Preschool Printables Shapes Worksheet Kindergarten Worksheets On Polygons And Flat Shapes. Taking things a step further, this activity asks students to identify the shapes they see on the sheet and write them out, as well as list the number of squares, circles, rectangles, and triangles there are in the image. Kids have to color according to the number in different areas. Simply print these preschool shapes worksheets and have fun learning shapes. They Get To Work On Shape Recognition, Matching And Fine Motor Development. This worksheet gives the fun of coloring and helps kids to develop number sense. Embedding fun into learning this worksheet begins with hunting the 2d shapes in the picture mapping them to the color code and coloring the shapes and doubles up as a colorful poster for your little artist s room. Cut out the shapes worksheet.	<urn:uuid:2d9059a2-e548-4092-9467-a037ea3bd4ee>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://samairey.com/5-fun-shapes-worksheet-coloring-page/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.858935	476	2.96875	3
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The global economy is caught in a contradiction — intensified but not entirely caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Epidemiology and climate science demand that we stay home in the short run, and that we demobilize and retool vast sectors of the economy in the long run. Yet capitalist economic models predicated on profitability and endless growth are impossible to reconcile with these human imperatives. What has changed in the present pandemic is that the urgency of this contradiction has become more apparent. With every day that passes, as the case counts rise, it becomes less and less plausible that we will ever return to a pre-2020 “normal” after a period of quarantines and social distancing. Instead, figures like the president of the St. Louis branch of the Federal Reserve warn of 30 percent unemployment hitting the United States within months, a figure that would surpass even the Great Depression. Into this breach rushes the Left, which is capable of at least attempting to deal with the crisis at an adequate scale. Now is the time for “disaster socialism” of a sort — our counterpart to the “disaster capitalism” identified by Naomi Klein, in which an immediate crisis is used as the pretext to push through fundamental structural changes. This task is particularly urgent because it is not the only radical solution on offer. Rising among the ruling class — centered on the Republican Party, but not found only there — is what we might call the Party of Death. In my book Four Futures, I speculated about various paths out of capitalism, in a context of ecological crisis and rapid technological change. The question, as I thought then and still believe today, is fundamentally not whether capitalism can be saved in anything like its past forms. It cannot. The question is what succeeds it, and the answer to that question is, in turn, determined by politics — by class struggle. One of the “futures” I devised was called “exterminism.” It took as its point of departure an observation about one of the main historical contradictions of capitalism: on the one hand, capitalists depend on the working class for our labor, which is the fundamental source of their profits. But on the other, bosses fear workers, who are potentially dangerous and powerful precisely because of this indispensability, and their ability to bring the economy to a halt. In this crisis, we are seeing that power anew — particularly in key sectors related to social reproduction, such as teaching, food distribution, and, of course, health care. But we also see ominous signs of what happens when large parts of the working class are rendered superfluous from the perspective of capital and come to be seen as more of a burden than a motor of capital accumulation. In Four Futures, I highlighted automation as a force that could potentially lead to a large pool of superfluous workers, and that specter still lurks behind the present crisis. But the more immediate issue, related to the COVID-19 pandemic, is the large masses of people who are, for the ruling class, regarded as too old, too sick, or too otherwise unproductive to be profitable. For the Party of Death, the pandemic itself begins to appear economically useful, and the measures needed to combat it can come to be seen as worse than the disease — which, from the narrow perspective of capital accumulation, they may well be. Intimations of the Party of Death’s 2020 platform began to emerge almost as soon as the true danger of COVID-19 began to be widely understood. By early March, CNBC financial personality Rick Santelli — also notable for his role in kicking off the reactionary “Tea Party”— took to the air to warn against overreacting to the virus. “Maybe we’d be just better off if we gave it to everybody,” he suggested, “and then, in a month, it would be over.” As Adam Kotsko observes, Santelli was tapping into a streak of sadism that has long-standing appeal among the rich, and, unfortunately, among a certain number of workers, as well. Santelli’s commentary was greeted with shock and disgust, but that hasn’t stopped it from continuing to permeate the higher levels of government and media. How else to understand the UK government’s abortive idea of pursuing “herd immunity” by taking a lax approach to the pandemic, with Boris Johnson adviser Dominic Cummings reportedly musing that “if that means some pensioners die, too bad.” It now appears that this view is gaining popularity as the common sense of the Party of Death on both sides of the Atlantic. President Trump has ominously tweeted that we “CANNOT LET THE CURE BE WORSE THAN THE PROBLEM ITSELF.” Trump echoed the sentiments of Goldman Sachs chairman Lloyd Blankfein, who frets about “crushing the economy” and proposes we “within a very few weeks let those with a lower risk to the disease return to work.” The Wall Street Journal has editorialized similarly, and the New York Times reports that Republicans have “pleaded with the White House to find ways to restart the economy, as financial markets continue to slide and job losses for April could be in the millions.” Would that this view were limited to Republicans, however. Only this weekend, the same New York Times published two op-eds offering liberal versions of the Party of Death position, that reining in the pandemic is less important than reviving the economy — one of them, naturally, by ubiquitous bad-opinion-haver Thomas Friedman. Unwilling either to talk to real experts in the field or to contemplate fundamental changes to the capitalist status quo, Friedman simply cherry picks a friendly academic to make his claim that we can get back to normal within a few weeks and simply “let many of us get the coronavirus, recover and get back to work.” Gregg Gonsalves of the Yale School of Public Health angrily tweeted out his criticism: “social distancing is going to hurt lots of people, but also prevent lots of deaths . . . why not think about how to ameliorate the downstream economic damage rather than making an epidemic worse?” We know why, of course. “Ameliorating the downstream damage” would entail changes to our society that would challenge capitalism’s status quo. Which, for the likes of Lloyd Blankfein and Thomas Friedman, might as well be the end of the world. Hence, for them, the Party of Death offers the only feasible approach, however grim it may appear. The ghoulishness of this strategy will become apparent when it is too late, when the hospitals fill and the health care system and the economy both collapse. At that point, a rhetorical strategy will have to be found that can exonerate everyone from Friedman to Trump for peddling nonsense solutions and miracle cures. This is why the Party of Death is also the party of personal responsibility — not theirs, of course, but ours. Those in power will be held blameless, and those with wealth will sadly lament the foolishness of the lesser orders. If only a few frat boys hadn’t partied in Miami Beach, it all could have been prevented. The groundwork for this victim-blaming strategy is already being laid, as leaders encourage us to point fingers at one another for insufficiently isolating ourselves, rather than blame them for managing a crisis in the interests of capital rather than people. That isn’t to say that peer pressure for social distancing is a bad thing or unnecessary — right now, it’s one of the only tools we have to stay alive. But it’s impossible to miss the contrast between New York governor Andrew Cuomo lecturing New Yorkers about staying home while still attempting to cut Medicaid in the midst of a pandemic, or the United States surgeon general warning that “there are not enough people out there who are taking this seriously,” even as the person who seems to take the situation the least seriously is his boss in the White House. Socialists have always insisted that human needs should take precedence over profit, that the stock market is not the economy, and that we need to utterly transform an economy that is immiserating working people and destroying the planet. That message will only become more urgent as our opponents across different parts of the ruling class come to the conclusion — mournfully for some, gleefully for others — that in the contest between loss of profit and loss of life, they choose death.	<urn:uuid:2390913f-17a4-4bdc-a11b-ceb8fa50ffdb>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://jacobin.com/2020/03/coronavirus-economy-public-health-exterminism/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.961623	1,792	1.789063	2
Hi, have a look at what's happening on Twitter and see how a single popular hashtag virally spreads other hashtags around. Tweet Channel's Experiment Tweetchannel is currently an experimental project, sort of a research on a virtual version of the six degrees of separation theory. Starting with a single hashtag, known as the seed, we fetch the most recent tweets and follow the other hashtags mentioned there. Then, for each one of those hashtags we create a listing and repeat the procedure excluding the hashtags already found but creating other pages for the newly found hashtags. For the first run, the seed was "#picoftheday" check out all the conversations spawned from it browsing the tweet channels created by such a simple hashtag. Why this experiment? Mainly out of curiosity, even if it may be interesting to expand it to support traveling among the hashtags. Say: how long does it take for #cakes to cross with a conversation mentioning #justfriends? What else can I do on TweetChannel? Some pretty cool articles, actually. Twitter can be an overwhelming experience to new users that aren't familiar with how the social media platform works. Twitter allows for almost total freedom for people to write or post short 140 character sentences about really, whatever they choose. However, it does have rules that must be followed in order to comply with the site when people are tweeting. Beyond the standard no spam, no impersonation rules that Twitter lays out for its users, there really is no wrong way to use the microblogging site. Nevertheless the four best practices outlined below are will enable users to not only enhance their Twitter experience, but also help them follow the not so black and white rules for practicing proper Twitter etiquette. Twitter tip #1: DON'T BE NEGATIVE OR RUDE No matter why a person may use Twitter, it's important that they always keep one golden rule in mind for proper Twitter etiquette. They always need to consider every tweet they write from another person's perspective, and look at the tweet objectively. Was the tweet polite, was it well thought out? Could their boss, mother, or even children read the tweet and feel okay about it? If that doesn't matter to someone, they need to consider this: Twitter is a global and public platform that is a searchable and open to everyone. Anything you tweet about has the potential to go viral. Going viral means a certain tweet can be re-tweeted and shared so many times it then becomes widespread, popular, and sometimes even globally recognized due to constant sharing from users. Heck, it may even end up in experiments such as this one! Even if a person believes what they wrote is funny or witty, tweeting it to the public could stir negative affects, and prompt people to react. That's why practicing good twitter etiquette and manners is important. Plus, people tend to react better to a positive message on social media. People should want to be viewed as a positive and friendly influence on Twitter, not negative. Twitter tip #2: DON'T BE ANNOYING One thing that many people abuse most is the ability to send as many tweets as they want all of the time. This particular point is crucial to remember especially if twitter users want to grow their user circles and user following. Users will stop following a person's profile or tweets if that person constantly tweets about what they had for dinner, or what they wore that day. It's a very important point to respect other people's time by posting relevant and interesting content. Even if using for personal use, a person should really make sure to space their tweets out throughout the day and make sure that their followers would enjoy reading those tweets. Again, think from an objective point of view when you tweet. If your a heavy tweeter, a good rule of thumb is to keep your tweets down to one to four per hour. But, If you are in a conversation with one or more users, that rule doesn't usually apply. Twitter tip #3: ENGAGE OTHERS While it might be fun to sit and watch a Twitter stream all day long and tune into others, it's vital when practicing good twitter etiquette to make an effort to engage with other people. If using Twitter for personal use, a person could benefit greatly from finding people who share their interests, hobbies, or passions. One benefit being that a good relationship or partnership could be started. Helpful information could be shared or communicated between both parties, ultimately increasing engagement. Also, if engaged with users with their own interests, then their own Twitter experience will be much more pleasant. Why? Because the feeds they receive can be more segmented to their interests and not just noise. Also, make sure to respond to other people's tweets, Retweet, and share content. Pay-it-forward, because if you do, others will return the favor. Even if a user doesn't personally know the people they are looking to engage with, connecting with them can have many positive effects. Twitter tip #4: BE CLEAR AND CONCISE When writing a tweet don't obsess with grammar, flow or try to be smart. Just write it. It's the one golden rule: communicate a clear and concise message. Don' use abbreviations constantly because it could be hard for someones user following to read. Also, its a good idea to always leave some space at the end of a tweet so others can add comments if they want. If possible, don't use up the entire 140 character limit Twitter gives you, leave an area for people to @reply or comment. This can really encourage more engagement not only because easy to read, but short tweets are some of the best for sharing. Twitter etiquette isn't hard to understand, it just take a little common sense and a friendly attitude!	<urn:uuid:68272963-cadf-4bde-95ca-ad66c2eb805f>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	http://tweetchannel.com/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00473.warc.gz	en	0.944597	1,201	2	2
Sign now: I want to know if there are illegal growth hormones in my milk In a matter of months, you could be drinking milk containing an illegal growth hormone — and you wouldn’t even know it. BGH is a hormone injected into cows to force them to produce unnatural quantities of milk. It’s illegal in Canada since studies found that it causes diseases, like udder infections, and can lead to infertility, even death. But BGH isn’t banned in the US. Many US farmers inject their cows with it. And with NAFTA 2.0 coming into effect, way more US milk will be hitting Canadian grocery shelves — unlabelled, meaning you won’t be able to tell whether or not your milk contains this illegal growth hormone. Don’t you want to know whether the milk that you and your family drink contains illegal growth hormones that make cows sick? Sign the petition calling on the federal government to apply mandatory labelling of all dairy products, so you get the information you need to support Canadian, hormone-free milk. Farmers have been lobbying for this for years, and with more milk about to cross the border under NAFTA, the media is paying attention. The only thing missing are the voices of everyday people demanding action now. Sign now before milk from sick cows starts pouring over the border.	<urn:uuid:33d4b08e-c013-47fc-acb2-4f36aefabee3>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://leadnow.ca/label-my-milk/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.925566	341	2.25	2
FetchYourNews.com recently spoke with the Georgia State Patrol regarding individuals who are placing illegal signage on State Roadways and on State Road Signs. It is illegal and dangerous. Road signs are engineered to breakaway in a safe manner if a motorist loses control of a vehicle and hits a sign. If someone places another sign, such as a homemade sign, on the structure, it changes the engineering and becomes a hazard. If you put up a sign on the roadway or in the median and someone wrecks it could put you in a position of liability to be sued for their injuries and damages. Georgia State Patrol wants to send the warning – if anyone is caught placing any signage on road signs or otherwise on the road illegally the law will be enforced with no exceptions. The idea is to keep the roads as safe as possible for travelers. Just because you have done so in the past doesn’t make it okay and violators will find themselves in trouble. If people have been warned and cited it may end up with an individual going to jail. No one may place, maintain, or display on, or in view from any highway an unauthorized sign, signal, marking, or device that purports to be or is an imitation of or resembles any official traffic control device (such as a stop or slow sign) that attempts to direct traffic movement or that hides from view or interferes with the effectiveness of any official traffic control device or sign. No one may place or maintain, nor may any public authority permit, commercial advertising on any highway traffic sign or signal. The state or local traffic authority with jurisdiction over the highway may cause any prohibited sign, signal, or marking to be removed without notice as a public nuisance (CGS § 14-310). See this link for additional info: Road Sign Laws	<urn:uuid:9d83033b-fc12-43f5-ab22-547650fabff9>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://fetchyournews.com/featured/georgia-state-patrol-sends-warning-on-placing-homemadeadvertising-signs-it-is-illegal-and-will-be-enforced/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00473.warc.gz	en	0.930518	368	2.265625	2
HOMESCHOOL IS A JOURNEY Whether this is day one or day 1000 of your adventure, a community is the best way to keep yourself encouraged, motivated, inspired, and successful. Meet other homeschooling families from all across the country. JOIN OUR COMMUNITY. HERE'S WHAT YOU'LL FIND INSIDE FOR THE KIDS This isn’t MY community. It’s OUR community. A community is only as good as the members who participate. I need your help to turn it into something that you love. All you have to do is get involved. As a part of this group, you will help us decide what to do, what field trips to take, what extras to pull together. You get to help put ideas into reality. You get to support and encourage each other. You get to help me build a place that makes your homeschooling journey thrive.	<urn:uuid:b3cd7ca8-1188-4bdb-8552-b599aaf38f70>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://canadianhomeschoolcommunity.com/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00473.warc.gz	en	0.944698	195	1.726563	2
Also Inside: A Roan Antelope Story with a Bad Beginning and True Adventures from a Guide (October 2015) – Universal Hunter October/November/December issue, available on newsstands and online at http://UniversalHunter.Com, focuses on the positives of hunting such as introducing youth to the outdoors as in Jen O’Hare’s article, “Passing on the Tradition,” and getting someone back to the outdoors who thought they’d never step foot again in “Against All Odds” by Chad Waligura. Also in this issue are articles by Darrell Sterling, Larry Weishuhn and more. Don’t miss Larry Weishuhn’s article “Roaning Northwestern Africa,” where a troublesome start to the hunt thankfully didn’t predict the positive outcome. And Darrell Sterling offers advice from the most successful deer hunters in “How to be a Better Deer Hunter,” so you, too, can have a smiling trophy photo to show off this winter. “The staff at UHM likes to focus on the positive of our industry, which there are so many good things to talk about,” said Chantelle Kapp, editor of Universal Hunter. “That’s why I am so excited to include Chad Waligura’s story of his hunting buddy who fell from a tree stand and broke his neck. But he didn’t let that get him down and instead found ways to not only survive, but thrive and get back outdoors again. We all need the healing power of the outdoors. So either introduce – or re-introduce – someone new to the outdoors. It will do both of you good.” In “Passing Along the Tradition,” writer Jen O’Hara shares her story of how she ensures the younger generation in her family – boys and girls alike – get the opportunity to learn outdoor skills when they are ready. “Many people who grew up like I did, as a farm kid, aren’t aware that most kids don’t know that milk comes from cows and where our meat actually comes from,” wrote O’Hara. “They honestly believe it comes straight from the grocery store, which is why I have become involved with organizations like Kids Outdoor Sports Camp (KOSC) in California to help ensure that the next generation has the opportunity to make an educated choice about hunting.” O’Hara proudly shares that after her 11-year-old niece attended her first Camp, and then watched a few of her Aunt’s episodes of Universal Huntress TV show, she asked to go on her first turkey hunt. What Auntie wouldn’t be proud? Regular columnists Joe Gonyo, Jeremiah Blain, Dr. Jim and Mary Clary continue to provide product reviews on items from Russell High Country Extreme boot to CVA’s Optima V2 Black Nitride Rifle to Olympia WD180 Wilderness Lantern. Dr. Jim Clary wrote, “Every now and then, we get a product to review that stands out above just about everything else we have tested. This little gem is one such item. In fact, we were so taken with the WD180 that we ordered two more. Mary and I wanted to make sure that our WD180s remained in our overnight packs. That is how fantastic this lantern is.” And finally, don’t miss “Guiding Adventures” by Tony Martins who shares his most adventurous and memorable guided hunts. From the “elder gentleman” to the “silver spoon youngster,” Martins has seen just about everything in his years of guiding. You can also sign up for a printed subscription online or by emailing Chantelle Kapp, email@example.com About Universal Hunter: Along with publisher Hennie van der Walt, who has been hunting for several decades and is a pillar in the outdoor magazine publishing business and publisher, Emaneul Kapp, the respected wildlife and hunting videographer and photographer with more than 20 years worldwide video and photography experience, and also the Producer for Universal Huntress, they help put Universal Hunter Magazine together. Editor Chantelle Kapp with our team of professional writers like; Tim Herald, Tony Martins, Magnus Pelz, James Clary, Larry Weishuhn, and many other known and respected writers, we provide you with new and exciting hunting and informational articles in each issue. Member contribution articles are also published, giving our readers the best of both worlds. Michelle Scheuermann, BulletProof Communications, LLC, P: 651.964.0264; firstname.lastname@example.org Chantelle Kapp, Universal Hunter, email@example.com	<urn:uuid:510875a9-0095-4295-94db-b3c09c43170e>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.womensoutdoornews.com/2015/10/universal-hunter-fall-issue-focuses-on-passing-along-the-hunting-tradition/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.942477	1,019	1.5	2
A Social Credit Score System Is Piloted in Bologna, Italy The city administration of Bologna, Italy, is piloting a program that brings the beast of the Fourth Industrial Revolution straight to the citizens. It's an early reiteration of Klaus' Schwab's Fourth Industrial Revolution, the honey moon, so to speak — so it comes to the citizens wrapped in gift paper, with balloons, prizes, and party language. But make no mistake: underneath, there is cruel man-eating machine that wants to mine your data and control your behavior! So, what exactly is happening in Bologna? The administration is "digitizing" their relationship with the citizens. For starters, they are launching an app — with a catch — that will provide an interface to get access to various local services. Without saying it, the they are implementing the "digital governance" aspect of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Quoting the Italian source: "We will give citizens services based on their needs - says the Mayor - and this will allow us to personalize their experience. People will be able to find everything the administration will do on their mobile phones or computers. The physical branches, however, will not disappear. "We will maintain a 'physical' support for all people who do not use the web, especially the older ones," assures Lepore [Mayor of Bologna]. But the goal is computer literacy that leaves no one behind." If we read this announcement with innocent eyes, it sounds like yet another initiative that the bureaucrats are launching, perhaps benevolently, to keep up with the times and with the buzzwords. And in an ideal world — a world filled with flowers, butterflies, rainbows, and harmless, caring bureaucrats — there would be nothing wrong with adding on a little extra convenience via technology. Technology can be very helpful if done right, and if it comes to us without Trojan horses. But alas, at the moment, we don't live in such a world! We live in a world where Klaus Schwab and his buddies and masters are fighting with each other over who gets to eat the most peasants! We live in a world where those who already have great power are seeking even more power — and that world is quickly going back to the feudal-time psychological standards (while, ironically, keeping the modern standards for the levels of industrial poisons in everything around us.) As far as Trojan horses, the Bologna municipal app actually comes with a social credit system! The "virtuous citizens," doing nice things, such as using public transport, keeping their energy use low, etc., get "perks," like points in gaming. For those points, they may be able to get discounts or prizes or access to additional services. Nice Trojan horse, right? "Among the most innovative interventions is the smart citizen wallet [emphasis mine]. 'The wallet of the virtuous citizen,' explains Bugani, who had worked on the project with the Raggi [Virginia Raggi, Mayor of Rome from 2016 to 2021] administration (in Rome today the platform is active in an experimental phase). The idea is similar to the mechanism of 'a supermarket points collection,' as the councilor himself points out. 'Citizens will be recognized if they separate waste, if they use public transport, if they manage energy well, if they do not incur sanctions from the municipal authority, if they are active with the Culture Card.' Virtuous behaviors that will correspond to a score that the Bolognese will then be able to 'spend' on prizes, such as discounts, cultural activities and so on." In other words, it's the "nice" face of digital control. Nice, for now. But we need to be clear: we are looking at the digital control of everything we do in the end of that journey! Integrated Citizen Relationship Management in Rome The Italian news source mentions that this approach is already in experimental use in Rome, Italy. In March 2022, Salesforce published the following announcement: "Salesforce, the global leader in CRM, today announced that the Municipality of Rome has chosen Salesforce to create an Integrated Citizen Relationship Management platform … Leveraging Salesforce Service Cloud and Marketing Cloud will deliver omni-channel self-service capabilities, seamless collaboration between local government departments, and empower citizens to receive the information they need faster through AI-powered chatbots. The launch of the MyRhome platform is another step on the Municipality's path to creating a 'smart city' [emphasis mine] — an ecosystem of public and private stakeholders serving citizens wherever they are". Of course! We can't expect any less from Salesforce, given that Marc Benioff is on WEF Board of Trustees! Also, remember the famous "lockstep scenario" document released by the Rockefeller Foundation and the Global Business Network? The document that the Rockefeller Foundation says today has been misinterpreted by the conspiracy theorists — because the good and virtuous Rockefeller Foundation totally didn't mean to predict what actually happened in 2020 (and also probably had nothing to do with eugenics)? Well, keeping in mind that "lockstep scenario" document, here is Peter Schwartz, the Senior Vice President of Strategic Planning at Salesforce and "an internationally renowned futurist and business strategist, specializing in scenario planning and working with corporations, governments, and institutions to create alternative perspectives of the future … Prior to joining Salesforce, Peter was co-founder and chairman of Global Business Network [emphasis mine]." In the words of George Carlin, "It's a big club, and you ain't in it! You and I are not in the big club!" Their Motive for the "Digital Governance" Model? It's the Data, Stupid! At first, it's the data (to train our future boss, the robot) — and then, increasingly, it's mainly about control! Let's look at a very "interesting" 2017 write-up on digitizing governments on the World Economic Forum's website. It talks about the importance of collecting data to build and train their beloved AI. It also complains about the fact that a lot of the data kept by governments just sits there in paper format and, dammit, is not making itself useful to the sacred goal of training the AI! Not good, they say, what a waste! Therefore, to "open" that data to the AI beast, they want the governments to digitize their services — sorry that was the quiet part — what they actually say is that the citizens are craving those digital government systems because, who doesn't know that the elimination of privacy is … good for us? The World Economic Forum also suggests that the governments should develop new legal frameworks and data management systems to make data available for free. What a great idea! In 2017, the World Economic Forum mouthpieces were more upfront that today, so it is useful to read exactly what they said back then: "Need for data is quickly becoming a central theme that applies to all aspects of our evolving digital society. A case in point is the field of artificial intelligence, which promises to revolutionize society (governments included). Companies such as Google, Facebook and Microsoft are using AI-related techniques to train computers to recognize objects in photos and understand human language. It is possible to train computers to perform these difficult feats because we have the enormous quantities of data that is required. The same applies to all forms of machine learning, smart manufacturing and every other tech-driven trend shaping the future. They are all reliant on data, and are only as good as the data they crunch. In this context, data has been described as the new oil.'" "Today, a large majority of the world's data is in the hands of the private sector … The remainder of the global data sits in government hands, mostly stored in paper format, or legacy systems. To maximize the societal benefits of the data age, a new movement started promoting open data. While government data is all data or information that government entities produce or collect, making it open refers to publishing and sharing data that can be readily and easily consulted and re-used by anyone with access to internet with no fees or technological barriers. Most of this data currently remains locked up and proprietary (private property of companies, governments and other organizations). This severely limits its public value. Data is now a new social good and governments will need to think of some form of data responsibility legislation that guides the private sector and other data owners on their duties in the data age: the duty to collect, manage and share in a timely manner [emphasis mine], as well as the duty to protect. This legislation is needed over and above a government's own open and big data management systems, and will need to cover all data stakeholders (irrespective of ownership or other governing rules)." "Once a clear legal framework is in place, governments need to develop, and quickly master, a new core capability: data curation … Most governments around the world still struggle with legacy databases that are incompatible with each other, and work against any kind of data-sharing or data-driven design. Laws and regulations are still in their infancy and struggling to cope with the pace of change …" "Governments must review a vast number of laws and regulations [emphasis mine]. From harmonizing and enforcing privacy regulations and protecting against data-breaches, to regulations that ensure net neutrality and data flows. Today's debates over the future of big data are based on the assumption that the internet will remain a series of open networks through which data easily flows. Some countries have begun to harden their internet systems, and the concept of net neutrality is uncertain. If the internet becomes a network of closed networks, the full potential of big data may not be realized." "Governments must also improve their capabilities when it comes to citizen engagement to effectively and actively engage with both providers and users of data. This requires governments to create a culture of open data [emphasis mine] – something governments are starting to do with various degrees of success. The level of citizen engagement is not the typical government communication function, but a more open, horizontal, and fast-paced G2C platform." Must, must, must. So I am guessing, national sovereignty is a sore thumb in the way of our aspiring Davos masters because in their minds, they have already decided that they want our data (but not theirs) to be openly available, and that they don't want any questions from the peasants. A tangential comment: As a musician, I am remembering with some bitterness how Big Tech was pushing for "open data" and "open access" back in the day, selling it as "free expression" and "democracy," and as a result — since buying music became unfashionable — musicians lost much of their income … and nobody cared! I am glad that now at least, a lot more people are realizing what liars whose Big Tech companies are, and what liars they have always been all along, when they were talking about "free expression"! Look at them now, with their "free expression"! They are quite happy to censor! So it's only our data that they want to be open — not our opinions! And Here Is Another Curiosity From the World Economic Forum They published this article in 2018: "The Fourth Industrial Revolution is expected to wreak havoc on labour markets, with AI and robots replacing various white-collar jobs. One job category largely excluded from scientific reports is that of government leaders, despite being one of the most critiqued, scrutinized and ridiculed jobs of all." "However, commentators from countries as diverse as India, the UK, New Zealand and Japan have started to suggest that robots as government leaders could drastically improve decision-making, by being much less irrational and erratic than their inherently flawed human counterparts." After freaking us out, the World Economic Forum writers chuckle and let us continue being governed by human politicians, at least for now: "For the time being, it seems neither possible nor optimal for robots to replace government leaders, despite the clear imperfections displayed by the latter group … Ultimately, a more realistic and desirable scenario is one in which AI and automation are neither competitors nor substitutes to humans, but tools that government leaders can engage effectively and sometimes defer to, in order to make better, fairer and more inclusive decisions." Phew, it's almost like … you know, when a street robber first tells us to give him all of your money but then agrees to take only half! Such a kindly, generous robber! We are so lucky! World Economic Forum's "Agile Nations" The 2017 WEB write-up about digital governance reads like a "wish list" and a blueprint for the governments to act upon. (I guess, given the bribing and coercive power of the people who've composed the wish list, their wish list had a strong chance of becoming the bureaucrats' blueprint the moment it was written.) So in 2020, seven nations got together and signed an agreement to essentially implement it. A quote from "Agile Canada": "In November 2020, seven countries signed on to the Agile Nations Charter, establishing Agile Nations as a forum for countries to collaborate on creating a global regulatory environment in which innovation can thrive. Member countries include: Canada, Denmark, Italy, Japan, Singapore, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom. The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the World Economic Forum (WEF) also participate as observers." "Priority areas for cooperation are: data and communications, transportation, medical diagnosis and treatment, clean technology, legal and professional services, pro-innovation regulatory approaches." And here's from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development: "The COVID-19 pandemic has wrought economic and social disruption worldwide. As people and businesses focus on recovery, governments must ensure that innovation, which will power economic growth and solve the world's most pressing social and environmental challenges, is not held back by outdated regulations [emphasis mine]." Translation from Orwellian to English: "We want your data, including your medical and biometric data — and we want it now. Look at how lovely our AI is … my precious! (Sorry couldn't help it!) The so called national laws and regulations interfere with the speed at which we can get a hold of your data. Like we said, we want it now, and so we would very much like it so called national laws and regulation got replaced with a digital framework that we write and that we can update any time we like! Sounds like a good idea or what? Who wants some funding? You know what you need to do to get that funding, don't you?" The quote continues: "As part of the development of the OECD principles on Effective and Innovation Friendly Rule-Making in the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the World Economic Forum (WEF) have been co-operating to look deeper into the interlinkages between regulation and emerging technologies … Ministers from Canada, Denmark, Italy, Japan, Singapore, United Arab Emirates and United Kingdom announced their plan to lead the world in fostering responsible innovation and entrepreneurship." "In addition, in support of the mission of the Agile Nations, representatives of Facebook also offered to launch a call for research – overseen by an independent steering committee of experts in the field of law, regulation and entrepreneurship – into what approaches to rulemaking (e.g. regulatory sandboxes, policy prototyping) were the most effective for the Fourth Industrial Revolution. As this initiative continues to develop, other businesses will be encouraged and invited to co-sponsor this initiative, and to venture their own ideas to support the work of the Agile Nations." "In sum, the Agile Nations Charter sets out each country's commitment to creating a regulatory environment in which new ideas can thrive. The agreement paves the way for these nations to cooperate in helping innovators navigate each country's rules, test new ideas with regulators and scale them across the seven markets. Priority areas for cooperation include the green economy, mobility, data, financial and professional services, and medical diagnosis and treatment." The World Economic Forum's agenda is a strange mix of religious fundamentalism and "scientific management." As I wrote earlier in an article about the mind of a technocrat, scientific management is a "method of industrial optimization developed by Taylor in the late 19th and early 20th century. The essence of his method was extreme fragmentation and compartmentalization of the production process." It required taking a complex process, breaking it down into very simple tasks, timing each task, optimizing it to the maximum using the stopwatch, and then assigning each of those simple tasks to different workers, while insisting that the workers should only use the pre-optimized motor patterns and work as efficiently as possible. Under scientific management, there was no room for workers' creativity. And while Taylor and Ford intended the scientific management method for the purpose of streamlining industrial production, the Davos charlatans aim to manage our entire lives, and justify it with some bogus "public good" and "community values"! Whose "Community Values" Are Those, Anyway? Here is the elephant in the room: It's the Davos charlatans — and I want to repeat the word "charlatans" because that's who they are underneath their bank accounts and their important speeches — who are writing our so called "community values"! They are trying to latch onto our natural social instincts and weaponize our good instincts against us! They want us to be unassuming, guilty "good citizens" who put a limit on our carbon footprint and on the number of children we have — while they, the self-appointed "guardians" of the world, fly private jets to climate change conferences and have as many kids as they damn like! And here's the thing. There is nothing wrong with real community values! We are social creatures, and it benefits us to live together well. However, community values are only as good as the people who propose them — and community values turn into a pumpkin the moment someone like Schwab touches them! As Good as the People Let's even forget about Schwab for a second and think how community values work in principle. Let's imagine a small village. If the people living in that village are mostly healed and grounded, they will raise their children to seek wisdom and live well with others — from the heart, not from the letter. However, if the people in the village have been abused, and abused, and abused again — and never healed — then even the authentic community values in that village could end up being anxious, rigid, and detrimental to freedom. Hurt people tend to teach their children that life is meant to be joyless. They tend to slap their children's wrists for wanting to be free, saying it's a selfish folly. Hurt people hurt people! And at one point, the rigid rules might have been an invention of a cunning predator — but after prolonged abuse, people might have internalized them and passed them on to their children! (And look at how many people in the West sincerely adopted the religion of the Mask ... they have internalized it!) Another example: in my birth homeland of Russia, they are many small communities where the people carry so much hurt and sadness that the gloom is almost palpable in the air. I am saying this from personal experience, and with much pain and love for my people. I ran away from that gloom and immigrated to America because the "community values" felt too joyless! So when it comes to Klaus Schwab and friends, they are only as powerful as we let them. I believe that that healing ourselves and our relationships is at the top of our priorities list in the battle against transhumanism — because anything we do from a place of love has more power than anything we do from the place of fear! Why Will Transhumanism Fail? This system, the entire man-eating beast, will eventually fail, I have no doubt — but we don't know when, and we need to stay humble, brave, and very patient. The cruel beast may fail very soon, or it may take a while to fail. I think it depends on how quickly we remember to relate to each other in spirit, with love and happy humility — instead of labeling and judging each other based on ancestry, politics, or differences in opinion. I think it depends on how quickly we realize that the freedom taken away from the people everywhere, throughout history, has been as existentially precious as the freedom that is being taken away from us right now — because there is no fundamental difference between us and other people, and never has been. We, here and now, are dealing with the same dilemma that many in the past have dealt with, and some have died from. Spirit is spirit, and freedom is freedom! And I think that when we remember to stand together and honor each other and each other's love and each other's courage, we'll be undefeatable. No Klaus Schwab can do anything to us if we refuse to betray our fellow human beings for any reason. And sooner or later, spiritual clarity will prevail, and this transhumanist beast, the culmination of abuse, will fail. The reason why it will fail is simple. We are not machines, and when we are managed like machines — increasingly so over the centuries — our souls bleed badly. When we are managed like slaves, we suffer unbearably — and suffering, while it's not a preferred way of obtaining clarity, still mysteriously leads to spiritual clarity. Life puts no suffering to waste! And when the pain gets unbearable, and there is nowhere to go but toward our heart of hearts, our souls scream to the skies, and we pray for answers with no arrogance and no talking points, and then something magical happens. When our fear and pain become too much but we keep pushing, we grow our souls to where solutions show up out of nowhere. And then we cry, laugh, and pray more for healing, and more solutions show up, and we look back and we suddenly know why we had to suffer, and why the sweetness was worth it. And then we start living well because, after all this suffering, we finally remember that everything in the world, everything-everything, has always been about love — and that living well with each other is not just pleasant but also very practical. About the Author To find more of Tessa Lena's work, be sure to check out her bio, Tessa Fights Robots. Source: mercola rss	<urn:uuid:357a7204-00a6-4a31-9f88-ed4a8cd85338>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	http://bestpureessentialoils.com/is-a-social-credit-system-coming-for-us	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.954967	4,662	1.828125	2
How do I post a photo on Instagram? - At the top, tap then scroll to Post at the bottom: To upload a photo from your phone’s library, select the photo you’d like to share. - Tap Next (iPhone) or (Android), then add a caption or your location. - When you’re done, tap Share (iPhone) or. (Android). How to create a good Instagram post? - Method 1: Create Text Post Using Kapwing. Kapwing is an online tool that allows you to create and customize images and videos. - Method 2: Screenshotting Text. You can use any number of apps to write out text,including Notes,Tumblr,or Twitter and then screenshot them to create an image. - Method 3: Create Text Post in Instagram. - Thanks for reading! How do I post to Instagram from my phone? To post on the Instagram mobile app, open the app and tap “+.” Then, choose or take a photo and select a filter. Tap “Next,” add a caption, and tap “Share” to post your photo. It’s as easy as that. How do you make creative posts on Instagram? So, here are 21 creative Instagram ideas you can try, each with an inspiring example. - #1 A peek behind the scenes. - #2 Ask a question. - #3 Share an inspirational quote. - #4 Post a tutorial. - #5 Make people laugh. - #6 Conduct an AMA. - #7 Host a contest or giveaway. - #8 Enlist an influencer. Why can’t I post on Instagram? The most common reason why Instagram can’t publish your post is a temporary glitch related to your phone. Maybe the app is not working properly. Or your device’s cache is preventing you from publishing a new post. How do I post to Instagram from my iPhone? To upload a photo from your phone’s library, select the photo you’d like to share. To take a new photo, above your phone’s library tap. You can tap to switch between front and rear-facing cameras and to adjust flash. Tap Next (iPhone) or (Android), then add a caption or your location. How do you reinvent yourself on Instagram? Here’s how to reinvent and improve your Instagram feed in four simple steps. - Step 1: Unfollow (Mostly) Everybody. - Step 2: Write a List of 20 Topics That Interest You. - Step 3: Find One Great Account Related to Each Topic to Follow. - Step 4: Enjoy Your Amazing Instagram New Feed! How do you start aesthetics on Instagram? Instagram Aesthetics: 7 Pro Tips to Stand Out & Increase - Know your audience first. - Choose a consistent color scheme. - Have a theme. - Design for the grid – and then break it. - Edit your images before posting. - Grow your followers with Stories and Hashtags. - Pull it all together. How do you post stylish on Instagram? Let’s get started! - Choose a grid layout. What is a grid layout? - Choose a theme. Call it vibe, mood, soul. - Choose what you want to post about. - Pick ONE filter and stick to it. - Rearrange the order of your posts to make your feed flow. - Color coordinate. - Always check the background of your photos. - Always use the same border. Why can’t I post a full picture on Instagram? Instagram’s restriction reduces the number of very tall images that take up a lot of vertical space in the feed. Although it’s nice that Instagram keeps users from publishing massive, obtrusive posts, the 4:5 limit makes it difficult to post a whole vertical picture or video that you shot on your phone. Why is Instagram only letting me post one photo? Instagram may also disable users’ ability to post photos if they’re found violating their terms and conditions. To check if your account has been restricted, log out of your phone and then log in to Instagram on another device. What do you do when Instagram wont let you post pictures? Steps to fix if Instagram doesn’t let me post - Restart your device. - Reduce Your File’s Size. - Reset the Network Connection. - Clear Instagram cache memory. - Check Instagram Photo/Video Policy. - Change Your Instagram Data Settings. - Free up Storage Space in Your Phone. - Uninstall Apps That Have Access to Your Instagram Account. How do I upload photos from my iPhone to Instagram? Tap the camera app in the center in tthe bottom. Tap the thumbnail at the bottom left that shows the most recent picture in your camera roll. Select the picture you want to post to Instagram. that was the way I used to share photos. How do you post the whole picture on Instagram? When you access your photo gallery from within the updated app, you’ll now see a format button above the camera roll. You can use this button to toggle between square and full-size images. From there, you can zoom in and out to choose the best crop for your photos.	<urn:uuid:971a1fe2-aba9-4f3a-852c-8f61762bbe4d>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://cheapsocialmarketing.com/instagram-marketing/how-to-make-a-post-on-instagram-top-5-tips.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.800982	1,136	1.664063	2
If you’ve been following the current season of Doctor Who then you know all about the crack in space-time that has been following Amy and The Doctor around wherever they go, wiping out events and all memory of them. On the show, that time-devouring crack has a signature shape and looks like this: So it’s a bit worrisome that NASA imaged the same thing on June 4th. That picture up top? That’s a huge tear in the Milky Way. According to NASA: The snake-like object located about 11,000 light-years away in the constellation Sagittarius is actually the core of a thick, sooty cloud large enough to swallow dozens of solar systems and may be harboring beastly stars in the process of forming. [emphasis mine] The season finale of Doctor Who runs in the U.K. this Saturday. I hope the Doctor can get us out of this one. Chris Greenland does not condone burning down the observatory so this will never happen again.	<urn:uuid:fe41c0f6-74f6-4672-9d0a-e9788d972e29>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.tor.com/2010/06/24/nasa-finds-doctor-who-style-crack-in-universe/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.946977	214	1.789063	2
Biography of Monica Bonvicini Monica Bonvicini (born 1965 in Venice) is an Italian artist who made a name for herself with her partly monumental installations. Bonvicini deals with subjects like seduction and power, whereby her artworks are often provocative or disturbing, pointing out the social injustices in today's societies. One of her landmark works is the installation 15 Steps to the Virgin, which was on display on behalf of the Venice Biennale in 2011. In 2005, the Italian was rewarded with the Prize of the National Gallery for Young Art. Additionally to installations, the artist has created a variety of series and editions which thematically relate to her originals. For her drawings, graphics and collages, Bonvicini who originally studied fine arts utilizes quotes from advertisements, music, poems as well as the history of art and architecture. Within the last 20 years, the artist has produced over 600 graphic artworks: mostly drafts and drawings of her extravagant installations. Bonvicini currently lives and works in Berlin.	<urn:uuid:0eac6b62-e70c-4f80-9df7-1a106bae7b1a>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://fineartmultiple.com/monica-bonvicini/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.972906	207	1.8125	2
Marriage Transformation® dynamically empowers individuals and couples to engage in skillful, character-based communications and actions that contribute to excellent relationships and happy, unified marriages and families that serve others. Couples are like two wings of a bird – both must be strong partners with equal voices for them to soar! What Is Relationship and Marriage Education? - Empowers individuals and couples of all ages and experience levels to strengthen knowledge and skills and build capacity for success - Helps people to create successful marriages that provide healthy and happy stability and unity for families and communities - Equips people to be healthy individuals with many character strengths who can then be successful partners in a relationship and marriage - Provides important knowledge, skills, and attitudes about relationships and marriage to foster a gradual and organic transformation process - Provides marriage-strengthening tools for healthy and challenged married couples who want to continue learning, growing, and developing; Ideally, this learning continues across the life span - Prevents future relationship and marriage problems - Includes such activities as relationship assessments, coaching sessions, reading books and watching videos, studying in groups, taking courses, participating in workshops, and mentoring Who Is Relationship and Marriage Education for? - Unmarried individuals interested in learning about themselves and relationships and how to prepare for them - Couples considering and involved in friendship, dating, courtship, and marriage - Unmarried individuals and couples considering marrying a second or third time - Unmarried or married individuals who want to build their self-respect and confidence - Parents of individuals considering dating, courtship, consent, engagement, and marriage - Newly married couples - Couples experiencing the usual ups and downs of married life - Couples experiencing external tests that can affect their marriage - Couples in life-stage transitions; such as, becoming parents, their children leaving home, or retirement - Couples with strong marriages who enjoy enriching their marriage further	<urn:uuid:02b81cb1-5865-40ce-9fb4-4c21202d5690>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://marriagetransformation.com/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.947608	400	1.875	2
Making For Home Making for Home - Andrea’s latest book project (published in June 2017 by Pimpernel Press) provides the photography to accompany text written by Professor Alan Tait. ‘In Making for Home, Alan Tait traces his journey from childhood imaginings to a tenement flat in Glasgow in the 1960’s to the Moffat Valley in the Scottish Borders, where he bought a remote farmhouse in the 1970s. Making for Home is at once a memoir, a meditation on the nature of buildings and home and a history of the unique place, from earliest times, through the agricultural revolution, to the arrival of the Forestry Commission, which changed the landscape of the Valley forever, and beyond. The result is a lament - but not a dirge - for the valley will always move on and give shelter to men and animals.	<urn:uuid:25fba6b0-f3bd-4191-8b6e-797871809ad0>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.andreajones.co.uk/making-for-home	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.946643	174	1.820313	2
In preparation for our DML V Trust Challenge Workshop held at DML 2015 Conference, we asked grantees to answer three questions that we planned to workshop as part of a larger design exercise. The following represent the questions and answers provided by Global Gateway. 1. How does your project change or contribute to the narrative around trust in the larger conversation? Our platform (viflearn.com) is designed as a trusted inquiry-based learning environment in which teachers from around the world are engaged in experimentation and learning to develop as globally competent educators. An open feedback loop currently exists where teachers are creating learning products and self-reflecting as part of that process, but there is no feedback or collaboration external to the self-reflection. The opportunity to build trust that our project seeks to address is creating structure for peer review that leads to deeper collaboration and mentoring relationships. The purpose of our entire platform is to support teacher autonomy and growth in this trustworthy space. 2. What challenges do you foresee as you implement your project, and what might others in the DML community be able to offer in the way of support or solutions? Conceptually, we need to understand how to incentivize teacher participation, the "opting in" to a work conversation and review. Teachers in a punitive, top-down environment likely have experiences of non-constructive feedback; Institutional limitations have also created a skill gap in constructive critique — this creates a distrustful space. We are currently using small pilot program feedback, existing peer review research and other critique-driven community models to define user outcomes as our incentive foundation. Our platform uses the Joomla CMS for infrastructure, and we are thrilled to partner with Little Bird Games, which will allow us to integrate our badging system and existing peer review models utilizing best practices in game design. We need to understand how best to create a collaborative workspace that interacts seamlessly with the existing community of practice, while also being able to plug in to another system. 3. What do you foresee the impact of your project will be once it is implemented (particularly in terms of the conversation around trust)? Our system will be built to be content-agnostic. The system could be applied to any adult-learner system, and the framework can be applied to other systems. Peer review is about co-construction of knowledge, iteration and improvement. Our intent is to develop a system that incorporates best practices, tools and resources for formative and summative feedback to effectively support collaboration and self- and peer-directed learning.	<urn:uuid:185b1a5d-d03b-450e-b19b-a7e0917c44e2>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.hastac.org/blogs/dml-competition/2015/08/20/global-gateway-design-workshop-exercise	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.944429	517	1.945313	2
What Is the Homeowner’s Protection Act? The HPA applies to residential mortgage loans, including loans for single-family homes, condos, and other multi-unit residential housing. The Act does not cover government-backed loans like FHA loans or VA loans, and it treats conforming loans and “high-risk” loans differently. In addition to setting rules for canceling PMI, the HPA requires lenders to inform borrowers about their rights. Disclosures include upfront and annual notices regarding when and how borrowers can cancel PMI. Information includes details about the amortization schedule, when to request cancellation, and any features that might limit the ability to have PMI canceled. The HPA became effective on July 29, 1999. Lenders must still provide disclosures to borrowers who took out loans before that date, however. - Alternate name: PMI Cancellation Act - Acronym: HPA How Does the HPA Work? Homeowners have faced challenges eliminating PMI charges, even when PMI is no longer required on their loans. Borrowers and lenders have been confused about how to cancel PMI in some cases, and some unscrupulous lenders have dragged their feet on canceling PMI charges. The HPA, also known as the PMI Cancellation Act, stepped in to establish rules when it was signed into law: - Citing when homeowners can cancel PMI and stop paying premiums - Determining when lenders must automatically stop charging borrowers for PMI - Requiring that lenders must provide disclosures when a loan requires PMI - Determining how to handle any unearned premiums that homeowners pay The HPA prevents situations where homeowners pay monthly PMI charges for the entire life of their loan. In addition to setting rules for canceling PMI, the HPA requires lenders to inform borrowers about their rights. Disclosures include upfront and annual notices regarding when and how borrowers can cancel PMI. Information includes details about the amortization schedule, when to request cancellation, and any features that might limit their ability to have PMI canceled. Borrowers get an annual notice reminding them that they can request cancellation and providing their lender's contact information. Consumers must maintain a good payment history to take advantage of the HPA. How Does PMI Work? PMI is typically only required when homeowners make down payments of less than 20%. Lenders risk losing money with loan-to-value (LTV) ratios that are higher than this if they have to foreclose on a home and sell it quickly. But lenders face much less risk, and homeowners—in theory—should stop paying monthly PMI charges when LTV drops below 80%. Some loans use lender paid mortgage insurance (LPMI) instead of adding premiums to the homeowner’s monthly payment. Although the name suggests otherwise, borrowers still pay for LPMI, but they don’t pay for it month by month. Borrowers can instead pay either: - A lump sum payment at the beginning of the loan - A higher interest rate on the loan balance, which leads to higher monthly mortgage (principal and interest) payments Most borrowers with LPMI opt for the higher interest rate, but that interest rate lasts for the life of the loan and there's no way to cancel LPMI and keep your existing loan. Homeowners must instead pay off their LPMI loan, typically by refinancing with a new loan. The HPA nonetheless applies to loans with LPMI. Lenders are required to provide disclosures to borrowers that explain how LPMI works and highlight the higher interest rates typically found with LPMI. The disclosure must discuss the pros and cons of different options. Requirements for Canceling PMI Borrowers can cancel PMI by submitting a written request to their lenders when the loan is about to reach 80% LTV based on its amortization schedule. Homeowners can also make this request if they bring the LTV down to 80% by making extra loan payments. Homeowners might have to provide proof that the property has not lost value in order to qualify. The HPA requires lenders to cancel PMI coverage automatically when the loan is scheduled to reach 78% of the original LTV. Lenders must cancel monthly PMI charges after the loan reaches the halfway point of its amortization schedule when PMI isn't canceled due to borrower request or automatic termination. The HPA is complicated, and the details of your loan affect your rights under the Act. For example, any liens against your property might prevent you from successfully canceling coverage. Nonconforming loans such as jumbo loans might require that you wait until you get to 77% LTV. - The Homeowners Protection Act (HPA) was passed in 1998 to address abuse of and confusion regarding homeowners’ requirements to pay for private mortgage insurance (PMI). - The law requires that lenders must inform borrowers of their rights, including when they can cancel the insurance. - The HPA addresses both PMI and lender paid mortgage insurance (LPMI), which borrowers must pay in a lump sum at the beginning of the loan or through higher monthly interest payments. - The HPA sets loan-to-value ratios for automatic cancellation of most PMI policies.	<urn:uuid:c67649c9-f0ab-4ac8-9bf4-d3b689545893>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.thebalance.com/what-is-the-homeowners-protection-act-4163367	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00473.warc.gz	en	0.95086	1,107	2.03125	2
William Hogarth was one of England’s greatest eighteenth century painters and I principally remembered for his political and social satires and yet he didn’t start painting until he was thirty. Born in 1697 his early career saw him apprenticed to a silverplate engraver and while still in his early twenties he set up a business designing and publishing topical prints. He also worked on book illustration and studied briefly in James Thornhill’s Academy in the late 1720s. In 1729 he eloped with Thornhill’s daughter. Their clandestine marriage did not however prevent Hogarth and his father-in-law becoming firm friends in later years. Indeed Hogarth had many friends, but he also made himself quite unpopular with fellow artists, particularly on account of his fierce patriotism and his belief that English artists could be and indeed were as good as any European artists. His efforts did much to re-establish the position of English artists. He also helped establish an art school off St Martin’s Lane in London and was instrumental in paving the way for the founding of the Royal Academy.	<urn:uuid:025113b9-22f1-45d6-b59f-080c2e1e56a5>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.chrisrobinson.co.uk/place-names/hogarth-close/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.992512	228	2.75	3
When it comes to selecting platforms to run in the cloud, Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) is, of course, on the short list of providers for simple compute resources. EC2 allows a number of operating systems to be run within the Amazon infrastructure across a number of regions. The EC2 cluster is actually just a virtual machine, albeit with an incredible management and provisioning infrastructure on top of it, and is referred to as an Application Machine Image (AMI). EC2 has a number of pre-built AMI’s for cloud consumers to be ready to go with a solution. This is quite the opportunity for some development environments, and now the ability to run this with Windows Server 2008 R2 and SQL Server 2008 R2 is made quite easy within Amazon EC2. The ami-a76aa9ce instance which is created by Amazon and publically available within EC2 is a ready-to-use AMI with Windows and SQL Server. It’s perfect for development efforts to test software in isolated environments. The first step is to select the AMI; the wizard to create a new AMI is very straightforward as you can see in the AWS Management Console in Figure A: (Click to enlarge screenshots) When an AMI is provisioned, a few additional questions are asked. This can include assigning custom attributes for the AMI, designating key pairs (which will decrypt the password), and determining how many CPU cores and RAM are to be assigned to the AMI. The resource provisioning is shown in Figure B: With those questions answered, the AMI will be created in the AWS management console. This process takes only a few minutes for it to be “spun up” and ready to be used in the cloud. This is shown in Figure C: After the VM is ready, the instance can have the administrator password decrypted with a predefined private key. This can be an existing key that is defined in the AWS profile (and please manage this key carefully!) or created per AMI. Once the password is defined, the Windows Server with SQL is ready to go! Figure D shows this step and the connection to the Windows Server in the cloud using this particular AMI: The AWS Management Console also permits the AMI connection to be saved as a remote desktop connection file directly from the interface. From the security perspective, love or hate AWS, the solution is to leverage security groups, which permit traffic patterns. This could be from the IP addresses assigned to your private company Internet or business partners, and additional configuration within the AMI (such as Windows firewall) may be an option as well. Could it be any easier? I don’t think so. I think this is a good use for a development platform, especially for very large virtual machines that you may not want to run in your private cloud environment that you use daily. Do you see a need for this type of workload running in the cloud? Share your comments below.	<urn:uuid:b0410dd2-78bc-4f27-a00e-00f6b7315225>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.techrepublic.com/article/amazon-ec2-now-offers-windows-server-2008-r2-with-sql-server-2008-r2/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.93066	625	2.34375	2
Various small images, symbols, or icons used in text fields in electronic communication to express the emotional attitude of the writer. First appearing on Japanese mobile phones in the 90s, emojis spread like wildfire and have since grown to become an integral part of today’s digital communication. Are emojis a language in and of itself? While the answer may be unclear, there’s no doubt our cute and cuddly emoji friends add more context and meaning to our messages. With 36% of millennials using emojis daily, it’s critical marketers use them wisely. Here are a few things to consider as you utilise emojis in your day-to-day strategy: Are They Relevant to Your Brand? While emojis are universally recognised, this doesn’t necessarily mean your brand should jump on the bandwagon and implement them into every message you put out. Consider your industry and if emojis are appropriate for your target audience. Most emoji users are millennials, so if you’re marketing to executive-level decision-makers, use emojis sparingly; although, B2B brands shouldn’t totally discount the power of emojis. B2B brands should test emojis in their messaging to see if they garner more engagement. On the flip side, if your brand is in the consumer industry, for example, lifestyle, travel, health and beauty, etc., the use of emojis is common and even encouraged. Pick the Right Emojis Just because emojis are widely used, doesn’t mean they have always interpreted the way we intend. Interestingly enough, we’ve naturally misinterpreted the meaning of a surprising number of emojis. For instance, did you know that the smiling emoji with open hands were meant to symbolise hugging? Instead, we often use this emoji to convey that we are very expressive and excited. Another example is the woman emoji with her left hand pointed out. While we like to use this emoji to covey sassiness, she’s actually an “information desk woman”. Her hand gesture is supposed to symbolise her asking how she can help. Who knew! More importantly, be careful not to send the wrong message with your emojis. Marketers should research their emoji use when it comes to marketing in new countries and markets with different cultures. You don’t want to accidentally offend your target audience with your emojis. For example, one emoji you should exercise caution with is the thumbs-up emoji. A sign of approval in the US, the thumbs up emoji is considered an insult in West Africa and the Middle East. When in doubt, do a little research. Test, Test & Test Some More When it comes to emojis, you’ll never know if they work unless you try them out. Recently, more brands are experimenting with using emojis in their meta titles on SERPS. While emojis may incite more clicks, they take up more characters, forcing you to write shorter title tags. Additionally, if Google decides to one-day ban emojis from search, your metadata will likely default to showing code. If you experiment with emojis in your metadata, be sure to keep an eye on Google’s changes to ensure this doesn’t happen. In the meantime, test out emojis and see how your target audience reacts. Another popular trend is using emojis in your brand’s email strategy, specifically in your subject lines. Some brands that tested emojis in their subject lines reported their open rates increasing by upwards of 25% compared to their text-only subject lines. On the flip side, other brands claim emails with emojis in their subject lines decrease their open rates by 60%. In short, keep on testing. You won’t know how your audience will react to emojis in your marketing efforts until you try. As you experiment, make adjustments and keep notes of your results. As emojis continue to infiltrate our everyday communication, it’s important for marketers to keep an eye on their updates, meanings and trends. Continue to ask yourself if emojis are relevant to your brand’s comms, if you’re using the right emojis for your growing market and what emojis best communicate your message. Looking for more emoji tips and tricks? Check out our latest guide.	<urn:uuid:c133dd64-7762-43c1-b406-29675ebdc4b2>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.teamlewis.com/uk/magazine/emoji-quiz/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.908473	921	2.15625	2
This post may contain affiliate links. Buying something through these links doesn't cost you anything and helps support Know Prepare Survive. For some light reading, check out our affiliate disclosure. Table of Contents 72 Hour Bug Out Bag Preparing yourself to survive in the wilderness is a difficult proposition to wrap your head around, especially if you do not have much outdoor experience. Although it might not seem like a huge deal, especially if you are only missing for a few hours, these situations tend to drag on significantly. The entire time that you are missing, you will be left wondering how long it will take for someone to find you, which is a difficult situation for anyone. In the end, 72 hour kits will provide you with enough supplies to give rescuers a chance to reach you, without weighing you down too much on your excursion. The reason why three days has been chosen for these supplies is that it gives people enough time to realize that you are missing and then time to trace your steps and track you down. Once people notice that you have not returned, it should not take long to find you, but you never truly know. Importance of 72 Hour Kits Having a 72 hour bag ready will provide you with the peace of mind that you need to succeed in this situation. People who do not have these supplies tend to panic, which leaves them in a vulnerable position. Once you start to panic, such as a situation where you must search for water, you could take yourself further from the path and, therefore, you will make yourself more difficult to locate. If you can avoid wandering further into the woods and can live off of your kit, you will make it easier on rescuers. 72 Hour Kit Essentials Once you decide/realize that you need a 3 day bag, you need to begin looking at the exact supplies that you will need to carry. Premade 72 Hour Emergency Kits When you buy emergency bags from a store, most of them will come with enough supplies for three days. This is because survival experts know that 72 hour kits are essential to surviving while waiting for rescue. You can also add new supplies to these kits, however, which will provide you with even more items that will ensure your survival. It is also important that you replace any food that you put in the kit yearly, just in case some of it has expired. There’s nothing worse than being stranded in the wilderness, all alone, hoping for rescue, and finding out that your food is rotten. Emergency Preparedness Kits for Groups If you are traveling with a group of people, make sure that everyone has a 72 hour bag. This is because these kits have been designed to fit enough supplies for one person, but your supplies disappear quickly if you have multiple people using it. Thirst and the cold will be your biggest enemies in this situation so make sure, at the very least, that you have enough water and blankets for everyone. Taking these extra precautions will ensure that your next trip is a safe one.	<urn:uuid:67f626fb-8f6a-4479-b44e-16139b99b981>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://staging.knowpreparesurvive.com/bug-out-bag/72-hour-kits/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00473.warc.gz	en	0.965476	626	1.78125	2
By Bigg Success Staff Just like public speaking, many people are frightened by the thought of making a presentation. Yet learning how to present your ideas well is a sure-fire way to advance in your career. Here are nine tips to make your next presentation unforgettable: - Define your purpose. What is the desired outcome of your presentation? Once you know the answer to this question, you can start preparing for it. You’ll make a lot of choices as you get ready for your presentation. You’ll make better decisions with your purpose firmly in your mind. - Do your research. Find out all you can about the person or persons to whom you will be presenting. What’s their background? What are their preferences? What has worked well for people who have made presentations to them before? What didn’t work? By knowing your audience, you’ll be more successful in designing your presentation for their needs. - Develop the appropriate collateral materials. What are the right materials for your audience? What materials fit your content? For example, believe it or not, some people hate PowerPoint presentations. If you know that in advance, you might use flip charts or some other tool instead. Of course, your supporting documentation needs to fit your content as well. - Develop a back-up plan. Ask yourself, “What if …?” For example, what if your computer crashes? We’re reminded of the entrepreneur who was scheduled to make a presentation to a venture capital firm. When he tried to start his computer, it wouldn’t come on. Which meant no PowerPoint presentation. Which meant no presentation at all. The financiers were put off by this because they felt that he should have prepared for such a possibility. They reasoned that, if he wasn’t prepared for something as simple as this, how could he be trusted to prepare for complex market situations? What could go wrong? Prepare for it in advance. Your show must go on! - Plan for interaction. Think about questions or comments that might arise during your presentation. Prepare for questions that you want to answer then and there. Plan for questions that you may not want to answer (e.g. price discussions). Know how you’ll get back on track when a comment is made that strays from your focus. - Put yourself in the role. Find someone who knows your audience and practice on them. By rehearsing your presentation beforehand, you’ll be better prepared when you’re doing it for real. You’ll be in familiar territory. For more information, see 24 The Role of Role Playing]. - Focus on making a connection. With most people, what you say and how you say it are less important than the perception they form of you during your presentation. Seek, most of all, to develop and build trust as you present. Relax. Let the real you shine through. - Don’t waste time. Depending on the formality of the situation, a little small talk (no redundancy intended) may be appropriate. Then, get to your points. Don’t waste their time, or yours. Getting to your key points early in the presentation insures you get the most attention for them. - Call for action. You started planning for your presentation by determining its purpose. Close by asking the person or persons to whom you’re presenting to do what you want them to do.	<urn:uuid:02453f8a-580b-4955-9181-0c742346abe3>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://biggsuccess.com/2007/12/27/poweful-presentation-pointers/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00473.warc.gz	en	0.950718	737	1.789063	2
SailGP exists to make our sport better and use it as a platform for a better planet. SailGP Inspire brings this to life. Inspire is SailGP’s community, education and outreach initiative, powered by our belief that sailing can be a force for good, Powered by Nature, Driven by Purpose. Our goal: To leave a positive legacy and build a sustainable sport - by providing equal, life-changing opportunities and new career pathways for all, regardless of race or socioeconomic background. SailGP Inspire aims to serve a leading role in helping to diversify the sport of sailing for youth without race, gender, and socioeconomic status presenting a barrier to entry. Partnering with World Sailing, National Sailing Federations, and local community sailing clubs and programs, enables us to offer accessible entry points. SailGP Inspire works with each of its host venues and partners - RS Sailing, WASZP, Rooster, MarkSetBot, World Sailing Trust, EPropulsion, Doyle Sails, and Marlow Ropes - to offer programs that create impact within the local community and most importantly leave a legacy.	<urn:uuid:b891023a-cc0c-419b-aefb-9e216a28378b>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://ja.sailgp.com/general/inspire/home/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.916493	239	1.632813	2
How To Make A Match-3 Game: A Complete Guide - Must-Have Features Of Match Three Game - Plan Things Ahead During Pre-Production - Lay Out Game Economy - Pay Attention To Level Design - Remember the Metagame Importance - How To Make Your Match-3 Game Fun and Addictive - After the Launch: Making Your Game Thrive - Choosing an Engine Match-3 tile puzzle games seem to be a perfect match for all mobile platforms, and the genre has been on top-grossing mobile game lists as long as these have been around. With relatively low time to market of games in this segment, there are still quite a few that didn’t even make it into the stores in time, or not at all. Before embarking on your match-3 adventure, we invite you to take a look at the core conceptual advice on creating a match-3 game that will smoothen your game evolvement and land it into the mobile stores, with things going just as planned. Must-Have Features of Match Three Game We will start our match 3 game development guide with an introduction to their basic features, making it easier for you to make your own match 3 game. With thousands of games on the market, it is relatively easy to point out those: Specific game design. Be it a physics-based match-3 or a standard puzzler, the concept has remained the same since the 80s: the game has three (or now, more) kinds of tiles, board, and specific rules of how tiles of the same type collapse. Every new game introduces some key new mechanics on top of that. ‘Positive’ setting and meta. In today’s games, almost all feature some cute characters and lovely animations to add up to the relaxing visuals of the board and bright pieces. The coloring makes it easy to distinguish between pieces of different types, so it’s easy for the player. Free-to-play game economy. To make a match-three puzzle game financially successful, the game needs to be hard just enough to be engaging and present challenges and meta to offer gamers an in-game shop. Plan Things Ahead During Pre-Production To develop a match 3 game, you need to start with a proper planning phase. Pre-production generally consumes a portion of the time you plan to develop a game. For example, 2-year project pre-production could take up to 6 months for a mobile title, but this estimate may vary greatly depending on the genre. Adding a pre-production phase cuts the overall production time since it streamlines all processes. Start with the core concept. What’s your target audience? What are the pillars of your game? Take a look at the emerging trends, such as adding mechanics from other genres, such as RPG or combat. Think about what will make your game stand out and put that into writing; this will help keep focus later. You’ll also need to refine a project duration estimation and team composition during this stage. Since things may be hazy, we encourage you to look at our article on game pre-production core steps that may be of use. Lay Out Game Economy Any free-to-play game monetization and player engagement are mainly based on carefully thought-through game design, giving players almost instantaneous feedback from success and failure. Moreover, the quantities of anything and everything in a game should be accounted for, with prices in the game store carefully set and based on actual in-game economy metrics. This approach to balancing creates an addictive combination of ease and strain, quickly gripping the player’s attention with quick shots of happiness and anger straight into the nervous system. Progression can be tricky, though. Once you have established the basic values of your magic coins, crystals, or whatever soft currency you’re going to use in the game, it should also depend on the content already introduced to the player so that there is no inflation. Feel like creating long excel files yet? We encourage you to. And plan for balancing out as many levels as you prepare to release for a soft launch, with all the metrics planned, such as difficulty, attempts, quantities of game mechanics, etc. If you need some advice, check out the 5 basic steps in creating a balanced in-game economy. Pay Attention To Level Design For match-3 puzzlers, the level design is the butter and bread. Start with studying the competition and noticing what makes them stand out. Notice the best ratio of new elements per level, the elements’ look and feel for most popular games in different geographies and target audiences, and the most trendy mechanics. With these findings in mind, put all your ideas together and filter out several most promising mechanics and elements. Prepare a list of properties of every component, ensuring that they reflect the initial concepts and create the elements’ images. Remember, nothing exists in isolation art-wise. See how elements combine with the tiles, create prototypes, and test out the player’s experience of the game, which should vary from level to level. Some levels should be challenging, others – be easy and look good, so yes, it’ll take another long list in excel to put all those requirements in order. Need more info on level design nuance? Check our level design articles in our blog. Remember the Metagame Importance Creating hundreds of levels is great, but not enough. The key is to find the ways to stand out from the competitors by bringing something new to the table, but at the same time, manage to maintain those match-3 mechanics that your audience loves. One great way to do it is by creating a metagame that is fine-tuned for your target audience. Metagame gives players the ability to progress and play not only in the tile fields but also in living out some story: and it may vary from dressing up cats to house restoration or space exploration. The more exciting and engaging stories behind the tile-matching game – the better. Make sure to calculate the game economy for the meta as well. How To Make Your Match-3 Game Fun and Addictive To make a match-three game engaging, let players experience the whole range of emotions. The player won’t feel the buzz of victory if they haven’t tasted the bitterness of defeat because the juice of the game comes from the balance between complex & easy, interesting & boring. Accurate adjustment of this balance allows players’ vivid emotions, such as the last move win. The expenses curve may vary in a sine wave and income, or one of them can be linear. In this case, the player will experience a deficit in some periods and a surplus in others. Creating such flow, we influence the player’s feelings because sometimes he has to strain himself and get rewarded. The best practice is to offer 2-3 emotions per game session. However, there are challenging levels when a player feels the only rage during the whole session: rage forces one to pay to get through obstacles, and such tricks can be used for monetization. After the Launch: Making Your Game Thrive So, what do we do once we’ve prepared a game and sets of levels that fit our difficulty curve? We invite people to play it. Make sure that you track all the needed indicators at the soft launch stage and set up a team that will enhance the levels according to the live ops data. While AAA titles may be a finished product once released, the iron grasp of match-3 engagement is based on continuous improvement of its levels, decreasing churn, and fine-tuning the player’s UX. Choosing an Engine Choosing the right engine is one of the most important things for a developer. There are various engines, namely Unity, Unreal Engine, GameMaker, and many others. We’ll cover the most popular ones. As their website says, more than half of all new mobile games are created in Unity. The engine gives you great options for graphics, monetization control, and other features. Its Adaptive Performance feature promises smooth performance over different devices. Unreal Engine 4 has a unique interface, which makes coding easier for beginners; plus, its library offers many assets to use in your game. It’s free to use up to a point, after which you should pay a 5% royalty. Here’s a tutorial from Unreal on making a match 3 game on Unreal Engine 4. Room 8 Studio’s team has years of experience working in the genre, from co-development to full-cycle development and even creating our tiles. This enabled us to share expertise in match 3 game development. You make find the most relevant information on the topic below: - Project: Rovio’s Angry Birds Dream Blast - Project: Ember Entertainment’s Meow Match - Project: Playtika’s Cat Force - Article: Smart & Casual: the State of Tile Puzzle Games Level Design (Part 1) - Article: Smart & Casual: the State of Tile Puzzle Games Level Design (Part 2) - Article: 5 Basic Steps In Creating Balanced In-game Economy - Article: Game Pre-Production Core Steps Building a match 3 game requires an experienced team with a broad set of expertise in addition to pure engineering and art. Whether you need to find a team to take on a full-cycle project or consult on specific parts, Room 8 Studio’s team is always happy to help. Have a project in mind? Let’s talk!	<urn:uuid:86f7fc43-f46f-4e5c-a0cc-71842e6c9b8e>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://room8studio.com/news/an-ultimate-guide-on-how-to-build-a-match-3-game/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00473.warc.gz	en	0.924709	1,996	1.679688	2
One Potato Review Here is a thoughtful – some might even say progressive – treatment of crime and punishment. The animals here are really just a bunch of losers and petty vandals (bad at bowling, bad at everything, is the rationalization they cook up) who get in over their heads with a criminal mastermind, the sheep-lady, “a weird and scary little ball of wool.” Of course they get busted, they do their time, and they emerge the better, and more enlightened, for it, though the tone of the storytelling remains light-hearted and sometimes even comical. Whatever their burdens and respective salvations, each of these hoodlums – a rat, skunk, a walrus and a gorilla – is incredibly likable from beginning to end. A great book for children who are fascinated with bad guys, whether you approve of that fascination or not. Related Blog Entries - The Usual Suspects \| Mar 16 2010	<urn:uuid:64cf77d2-727d-45a7-a44d-ba3f33345b94>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://onepotato.net/bookstore/itemdisplay/the_blunder_of_the_rogues/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.953309	199	1.828125	2
WARSAW, Poland (AP) — Polish Prime Minister Mattusz Morawiecki is expected to visit the border area on Thursday to mark the completion of the new steel wall, a year after migrants began entering the European Union from Belarus to Poland. . On Friday, Polish authorities will also lift a state of emergency along the border that has prevented journalists, human rights workers and others from witnessing the human rights crisis. At least 20 migrants have died in the frozen forests and swamps of the area. As Poland opens its doors to millions of Ukrainians fleeing Russian invasion, work is well underway to build a 5.5-meter (18-foot) wall along its 186-kilometer (115-mile) northern border with Belarus It aims to deter another type of asylum seeker: those fleeing conflict and poverty in the Middle East and Africa who are encouraged by the dictatorship in Belarus (a close ally of Russia) to try their luck as part of a feud with Russia. EU. One was Ali, 32, who read on social media late last year that the easiest way to get into the EU was to fly to Belarus and walk into Poland and then leave Syria. Ali, from a village outside Hama in western Syria, flew to Minsk, the capital of Belarus, and set out to find an unguarded place in the forest so he could sneak into the European Union. “I was looking for a place where I could live safely, away from the oppression and despair of home,” he told The Associated Press in Berlin this week. Ali, who did not reveal his last name for fear of the impact on his family, was not prepared for the violence and sub-zero temperatures that awaited him in vast forests and swamps. “There were nights where I slept on the bare ground in the woods thinking I would never wake up again,” Ali said. Human rights activists argue that there is a double standard in the treatment of refugees from neighbouring Ukraine (mostly Christians, women and fellow white Slavs) and refugees from as far away as the Middle East and Africa, many of whom are Muslim and male. “If you hitchhike a refugee at the Ukrainian border, you’re a hero. If you do that at the Belarusian border, you’re a smuggler who could end up in jail for eight years,” said Dom Otwarty or Dom Otwarty, a Polish NGO that helps refugees. Open House founder and CEO Natalia Gebert said. Belarus had never been a major immigration route into the European Union before — until its President Aleksandr Lukashenko began encouraging potential asylum seekers from the Middle East to go to Minsk. Soon people from Syria, Iraq, Yemen, Afghanistan and African countries were flocking to the eastern fringes of the EU, into Poland and neighboring Lithuania and Latvia. EU leaders have accused Lukashenko of waging a “hybrid war” in retaliation for EU sanctions over the regime’s treatment of dissidents. Given Lukashenko’s alliance with Russian President Vladimir Putin, the Polish government says Russia is complicit. Despite the slowdown in migration over the winter, people continued to try to enter the EU through Poland, a route considered less dangerous than crossing the Mediterranean, where many drowned in the past few years, Gerbert said. Ali, whose small cosmetics business in Syria was destroyed when Sunni extremists learned he belonged to the Alawite religious minority, said he was repelled six times by Polish border guards. But Belarusian guards beat him, stole his money and forced him to take off all his clothes in the big winter. He wanted to give up and go back to Minsk, but the guards wouldn’t let him. They laid him and the others on the icy ground, yelled at them, and approached with a growling dog and repeatedly kicked Ali in the chest. He said Polish Border Patrol agents damaged his phone’s SIM card. He was without water and food for days and got lost in the swamp. A Human Rights Watch report this month said Poland “illegally and at times violently pushed migrants and asylum seekers back to Belarus immediately, where they faced severe abuse, including being beaten and raped by border guards and other security forces. “ Amnesty International also detailed serious human rights violations. A Polish government spokesman did not respond to a request for comment on the human rights group’s allegations. While some Poles support the government’s hardline stance, many border residents have sought help through the winter and spring for migrants trapped in forests, some of whom need medical help. A play “Responsibility”, which premiered in Warsaw this week, asked how Poland could accept millions of Ukrainians while refusing to offer help to thousands of others. One character asks: “Why does the Polish government ask children from Aleppo to sit in sub-zero swamps and deny aid to Mariupol children?” Ali spent 16 days in the forest before he and others used pliers to cut a hole in the border fence. Some villagers gave him food and water, but he was soon arrested by the police and taken to the detention center. Over the next three months, he was moved to several closed camps. He said the guards, armed with batons and stun guns, would strip him and other detainees naked in public each time before transferring him to another camp. No one called him by his first name, but by his ID number. In March, he was handed his papers and taken to the Debak Foreigner Centre in Otrebusy, southwest of Warsaw, where he was told: “Go away and go to Germany.” Ali arrived in Berlin in April and applied for asylum. Rights activists and psychologists have documented his claims, along with those of other asylum seekers, who say they have been abused by Belarusian and Polish border guards. “I feel better here. People are calling me by my name again,” Ali said. “But I was always worried that the Germans would send me back to Poland.” Grieshaber reported from Berlin.	<urn:uuid:b167ee77-0e28-47e7-8923-aa122614264f>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://newsnixon.com/poland-completes-belarus-border-wall-to-stop-migrants/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.976998	1,277	1.867188	2
Possessing a good life is something everybody needs. You also have to intend to get a successful professional and private life and have determined upon significant aims in life like purchasing a home, getting your kids educated and married, moving on a foreign tour. But have you begun to carefully plan this? Each one of these can need one common matter, i.e. cash. So if you don't handle your finances correctly, the odds of fulfilling these aims will stay slim. Financial planning is what is going to allow you to accomplish your life goals by assisting you to control your finances well. You can get financial advice online via http://onlineifa.com Financial planning is what everyone needs, irrespective of their age, income, gender, and country of residence. Unlike what many of us think, it is not a one-time activity. Instead, it is an ongoing process that has to be repeated at regular intervals to ensure that the plan that has been created is being followed and the decided milestones are being met. Many of us also mistakenly think that financial planning should be done only when you gather enough money to justify the activity. However, this is just another myth. You can start with a small amount and the sooner you start doing financial planning, the better it is.	<urn:uuid:06db1787-4d3a-48c6-b799-1b24c6138a53>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.discotecaonline.net/tag/online-financial-advice/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.967003	259	2.40625	2
Fluorine is one of the constituents naturally present in water supplies. In fact, the main source of fluorine is drinking water. Deficiency of fluorine in drinking water is associated with dental caries and excess with dental and skeletal fluorosis. Leading workers in India regard fluorine in concentration of 0.5 to 0.8 ppm in drinking water as optimum (a concentration of 1 ppm is regarded as optimum in temperate climates because the consumption of water is low). The term "fluoridation" has been given to the process of supplementing the natural fluoride content of potable waters to the point of optimum concentration. The WHO in 1969 recommended fluoridation of community water supplies in areas where the total intake of fluorides by the population is below the optimal levels for protection against dental caries. Fluoridation is now an accepted public health procedure in many developed countries. However, fluoride analysis of drinking water sources in India depict that it is not fluoridation but defluoridation is the essentiality.	<urn:uuid:931e560d-cc6c-4919-a29b-08734110aa5c>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=112450	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.962825	204	3.71875	4
Fans of John Keats (1795–1821) and F. Scott Fitzgerald (1896–1940) have a reason to celebrate. Esteemed Shakespeare scholar Sir Jonathan Bate’s recently published book Bright Star, Green Light: The Beautiful Works and Damned Lives of John Keats and F. Scott Fitzgerald (Yale University Press, September 2021) is a delightful exploration of the lives and works of these two legendary writers. Deploying Plutarch’s Parallel Lives as a narrative prototype, Bate posits that the British-born poet and the American novelist, despite being separated by a century and an ocean, led analogous existences in terms of personal experiences; perceptions of love, beauty, and art; and the cultivation of their respective literary muses. Bright Star, Green Light is a copiously researched cornucopia of Keats’ and Fitzgerald’s biographical milestones, personal statements, and commentary from their friends and literary acquaintances. It is peppered with text exegesis. The book’s title is an amalgamation of Keats’ poem “Bright Star,” which was believed to have been written for his love Fanny Brawne; the green light at the end of Daisy Buchanan’s dock which Jay Gatsby watches from across the sound in Fitzgerald’s third and arguably best novel The Great Gatsby (1925); and The Beautiful and Damned (1922), the novelist’s lesser-known second novel. Bate introduces his parallel lives argument by highlighting the broad commonalities between the two writers. They both died young; Keats at age 25 from tuberculosis and Fitzgerald at age 43 from a cardiac arrest, which was likely exacerbated by years of excessive drinking. They both experienced disappointment in their romantic lives: Keats in his unconsummated relationship with Fanny and Fitzgerald in his unrequited courtship with Ginevra King and challenging relationship with his wife, Zelda Sayre. They also both experienced far more posthumous fame and success than they did during their lifetimes, although Fitzgerald and Zelda enjoyed a certain level of society-page celebrity status. Bate maintains that to fully understand Keats and Fitzgerald, or any other writer for that matter, one needs to be familiar with their literary influences and to comprehend the extent to which they have permeated the writer’s psyche and consequently resurfaced in his work. In Bright Star, Green Light, Bate asserts that Fitzgerald’s works are reflective of his admiration for Keats in the same manner that Keats’ poetry evinces his affinity for Shakespeare, Milton, and Spenser. The author engages readers who are very familiar with Fitzgerald and Keats but also provides enough context to entice readers who have only a cursory familiarity with them. Bate illustrates Fitzgerald’s long-term study of and advocacy for Keats’ poetry, which began with his reading of Sidney Colvin’s John Keats: His Life and Poetry, His Friends, Critics and After Fame (1917). Widely known examples are referenced, such as Fitzgerald’s paying homage to Keats’ poem “Ode to a Nightingale” with the title of his fourth book, Tender Is the Night (1934), a creative decision with which his editors disagreed. Bate provides vivid anecdotes of Fitzgerald extolling the beauty and lyricism of Keats’ poetry, including a letter to his daughter Scottie, who was at the time a student at Vassar College. Fitzgerald wrote: Poetry is either something that lives like a fire inside you — like music to the musician or Marxism to the communist — or else it is nothing, an empty formalized bore around which pedants can endlessly drone their notes and explanations. Anyone who has studied Keats’ best poems — the odes, the best of the sonnets, “Isabella and The Eve of St. Agnes” would ever afterwards be able to “distinguish between gold and dross in what one read.” In themselves those eight poems are a scale of workmanship for anybody who wants to know truly about words, their most utter value for evocation, persuasion or charm. Fitzgerald, who later became involved with Sheilah Graham in reaction to Zelda’s increasing mental and physical decline, submitted his new paramour to a literary appreciation litmus test by reading aloud to her from Keats’ “Ode to a Grecian Urn.” When Graham leaned in inquisitively and inquired as to who wrote the poem, he realized that despite her lack of formal education, she possessed an innate appreciation for beautiful poetry that captures the “universal longings” of the human soul and consequently deemed her intellectually and emotionally worthy of his romantic love. Fitzgerald would later seek to further educate Graham by enrolling her in what he called his “college of one,” where Keats figured prominently on the reading list. Bright Star, Green Light’s strongest sections are those dedicated to Fitzgerald, particularly the chapters that provide more contextual background on the development of his novels. Although readers who have avidly read Fitzgerald’s collective body of work, Zelda’s writing, and the more well-known biographies, such as Matthew J. Bruccoli’s Some Sort of Epic Grandeur: The Life of F. Scott Fitzgerald (1981), would likely be familiar with the genesis of his novels, Bate has so artfully nuanced these backstory nuggets that they come across as shining new revelations. The chapters focusing on Tender is the Night and Fitzgerald’s final and unfinished novel, The Last Tycoon (1941), were especially evocative. Keats is believed to have written “Bright Star” to memorialize his love for Fanny Brawne, although there is some historical dispute as to whether he wrote the poem just before he died or the previous year. Since Keats realized that he was dying and likely would never see Fanny again, the poem’s palpable sensuality can be retrospectively viewed as a romantic elegy. He wrote, “No-yet still steadfast, still unchangeable, pillowed upon my fair love’s ripening breast, to feel forever its soft fall and swell, awake for ever in a sweet unrest, still to hear her tender-taken breath, and so live ever — or else swoon to death.” Bate argues that Fitzgerald created Daisy’s “green light” to which Gatsby looks longingly as a tribute to Keats. If Bright Star, Green Light can be criticized, the fault lies in Bate’s zeal to force the parallels between his two subjects. For instance, the author dedicates a fair amount of text to demonstrating commonalities between Fitzgerald and Keats’ perspectives on romantic love. He specifically endeavors to draw comparisons between Keats’ love for Fanny and Fitzgerald’s initial infatuation with Ginevra King and his marriage to Zelda. While there is historical evidence that Keats was engaged to Fanny and that she mourned his death for six years before marrying another, it strains credulity to compare their relationship to Fitzgerald’s with Zelda. Keats’ romance with Fanny is tragic because it was nipped before it had a chance to bloom. By contrast, Fitzgerald’s connection to Zelda had a hothouse-flower vitality that was never fully snuffed out despite their extravagant lifestyle, professional rivalry, mutual infidelity, his excessive drinking, and her degenerating physical and mental health. Jonathan Bate concludes Bright Star, Green Light by reinforcing the present-day relevance of his subjects: “Under the shadow cast by global damnation, the loveliness of Keats’ poems and Fitzgerald’s novels increases. Their works will not endure forever, but in dark times they can at least bring moments of joy.” I do believe that Bate is wrong about the permanence of his subjects’ legacy. Their beautiful, poignant works will be preserved for eternity, and future generations will continue to appreciate how these master storytellers used poetry and prose to capture and reflect the universal rapture, torment, and longing of the human soul. Notice to Readers: The American Spectator and Spectator World are marks used by independent publishing companies that are not affiliated in any way. If you are looking for The Spectator World please click on the following link: https://spectatorworld.com/.	<urn:uuid:6e65833c-4e47-4e13-9ad5-35f36c45ef16>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://spectator.org/bright-star-green-light-review-american-spectator-fall-print-2021/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.967594	1,776	2.84375	3
The paper presents calibration of a time domain numerical model for the motions of the Exwave Semi in high seastates with current. The time domain equations of motion combine linear radiation, linear diffraction and second order wave drift forces, based on MULDIF diffraction code, with nonlinear forces from quadratic damping and from the mooring system. Calibration is performed by comparing simulations with model test data and adjusting hydrodynamic coefficients known to be affected by uncertainty. These include wave drift force coefficients, damping and added mass coefficients. Correction of the drift coefficients is based on empirical quadratic transfer functions (QTFs) identified from the test data by a nonlinear data analysis technique known as “cross-bi-spectral analysis”. Initial “uncalibrated” numerical models are based on input from the mooring, vessel mass, MULDIF hydrodynamic analysis, decay tests and current coefficients. They need adjustments for surge and sway. Empirical drift coefficients, natural periods and damping coefficients are then adjusted by matching low frequency surge and sway spectra. Wave-frequency coefficients need no adjustment. Low frequency wave drift forces, damping and added mass need increase in high sea states, in particular with current. Final motion simulations show 30%–40% underestimation in initial simulations, while final calibrated simulations are close to the measured records.	<urn:uuid:4f8c61c5-1b4f-4091-b0d2-920945f15c47>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://turbomachinery.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/OMAE/proceedings-abstract/OMAE2018/51203/V001T01A080/277941?searchresult=1	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.930859	288	1.539063	2
WhatsApp has been on a characteristic addition spree for some time now. Among the many recently-introduced options on the favored immediate messaging platform is the power to maneuver messages from iPhones to Pixels, the choice to ship disappearing messages, and supporting crypto-powered cell funds — and it appears its not executed but. WhatsApp’s official Twitter account not too long ago tweeted in regards to the addition of a brand new characteristic that hundreds of thousands of customers have been demanding for a extremely very long time. Sure, WhatsApp lastly helps you to preview voice messages earlier than sending them. Right here’s how you need to use the brand new preview characteristic with WhatsApp voice notes to be sure to do not find yourself sending a voice word that you could be later remorse. Tips on how to preview WhatsApp voice notes earlier than sending Earlier than you start, please guarantee that you’re utilizing the newest model of WhatsApp Messenger. To do that, all you have to do is open the Google Play Retailer, seek for WhatsApp, and test in case you see the choice to Replace. If not, you ought to be simply effective. Now that each one the conditions have been met, let’s try easy methods to go about this. Step 1: Open a WhatsApp contact or a bunch chat and search for the Microphone icon. Step 2: Faucet the Microphone icon, maintain it, after which swipe up in direction of the lock icon above to provoke hands-free recording mode. Step 3: Begin talking and hit the pink File button to cease the recording. Step 4: You possibly can faucet the Play icon to test your recording and if happy, select to hit the ship button. Step 5: In case you want to document once more, faucet the Trash Can to delete the recording. Repeat the method to provoke a brand new recording. How did sending voice messages on WhatsApp work earlier than? Now, for these of you not too well-versed with how WhatsApp’s voice notes characteristic labored till now, right here’s a brief explainer. In earlier variations of WhatsApp, you needed to long-press the microphone button subsequent to the textual content field to provoke a voice word. The second you lifted your finger from the mic icon, the message could be robotically despatched. Whereas this was a fast method of sending voice messages, not everybody was comfy utilizing it as a result of it supplied no choice to test how good or dangerous they sounded and even allow them to test for errors earlier than the voice word went by. To repair this challenge, WhatsApp ultimately gave customers the choice to swipe and cancel a recording (whereas the message continues to be being recorded, thoughts you) in the event that they weren’t too pleased with what they mentioned. Nonetheless, this was nonetheless inferior to truly listening to a message earlier than sending. And that is precisely what WhatsApp has mounted with the latest replace. The brand new characteristic is now accessible for each Android and iOS variations of WhatsApp and is now reside for customers internationally.	<urn:uuid:3f5a69fd-1cd5-4309-9b5d-a5623f56c94f>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://newsh2n.com/how-to-preview-whatsapp-voice-messages-before-sending/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.929213	645	1.546875	2
Wait… has two months passed already? It’s already March? No public holidays? Well, it’s time to get back on track (if you haven’t) and back on board! We have our instructor Stephanie coming up with the challenge poses this month. Say hi to her when you see her at the studio! A bow pose, as the name would suggest, would be a pose where you look like a bow – as in the bow and arrow bow. It’s also a great way to strengthen your back. This pose is also fun for little ones to clamber on your back and ride you like a horse, as the photo below shows. 50 points to Shuyi! How to get into a bow pose - Lie on your belly. Exhale and bend your knees. Bring your heels as close as you can to your buttocks. Reach back with both hands and hold onto your outer ankles. - Lift your heels up towards the ceiling, drawing your thighs up and off the mat. Lift your chest and press your shoulder blades firmly into your upper back. Draw your shoulders away from your ears. We have done this before, but it’s such a great pose to try on the board that we have brought it back again. And as R. Kelly once said – I believe I can fly… How to get into a crow pose - From standing, squat down and place your palms on the board, keeping palms shoulder width apart. Press evenly across the palms, knuckles and finger pads. - Press your knees on your upper arm, as close to your under arms as possible. Keep inner thighs active and drawing in towards each other. Draw the elbows in to prevent them flapping out to the sides. - Keep your gaze forward. Lift onto the balls of your feet and round your back and draw your abdominal muscles in firmly. Keep leaning forward until your feet lift off the board. Smile and say “Fly”! The last time we did this was December 2015, so it was due for a renewal. Time to bring this back to the chalkboard and the surfboard! Here’s Steph showing us how to do it. How to get into a chair pose - From SUP position, feet hip-distance apart, inhale and raise your arms above your head, perpendicular to the floor. - Exhale as you bend you knees, bringing your thighs as parallel to the floor as they can get. See you on the boards!	<urn:uuid:32dc2111-06af-4a28-a44b-8e98136afb19>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.surfset.sg/surfset-challenge-poses-march-2017/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.954414	530	1.640625	2
Today is International Women’s Day, a global celebration of the social, economic, cultural, and political achievements of women, and also represents a call to action for accelerating gender parity. In celebration of this day, luxury artisan jewelry brand John Hardy announced the launch of a social campaign featuring a roster of fifteen women chosen for being catalysts of positive social change, leading by example, and living their values. One of these notable female icons is fashion model and Summer Search Seattle alumna Ebonee Davis! Photo by Jai Odell. Courtesy of John Hardy. Ebonee has been using her platform in the fashion industry to speak up against racial injustice and to spur change. Her impact has been covered by Vogue magazine, featured in a TEDx Talk, and can also be found on her inspiring Twitter feed. As part of the John Hardy campaign, Ebonee, and her fellow female icons are wearing the brand’s legendary Naga Collection reinterpreted by Creative Director Hollie Bonneville Barden. “The Naga Dragon is a symbol of strength and protection in Balinese folklore,” explains Barden. “It’s an iconic symbol for our brand and a natural fit for International Women’s Day this year. Women like Ebonee and Adwoa [Aboah] are taking a powerful stance in protecting and elevating each other.” #DragonWomen In support of these women and their causes, John Hardy is making donations in their name to charities that support women, as well as giving a portion of sales that take place on March 8 in retail boutiques and online at johnhardy.com. We are incredibly grateful to announce that, thanks to Ebonee, Summer Search is one of the five organizations to receive donations from this campaign! The others are Gurls Talk, Adwoa Aboah’s social campaign for opening-up about body positivity and mental health; Girls Who Code, working to close the gender gap in technology; She Should Run, a nonpartisan organization encouraging more women to run for office; and WEDO, policy-focused support for women’s rights and environmental justice. “Summer Search serves students who have the desire and potential to graduate college, but who may not be able to due to under-resourced environments and oppressive systems that promote negative attitudes and beliefs about themselves and their belonging in an academic environment,” Ebonee shared in a post on her Instagram. “I was a Summer Search student in high school. They helped me get a passport, gave me travel opportunities, assisted me with college applications and provided mentorship at a time when things at home seemed to be falling apart.” One of those travel opportunities was a service trip to the Dominican Republic, where Ebonee helped rebuild a community center that had been destroyed by a tropical storm. She credits that experience for helping shift her perspective on life and making volunteer work something very important to her. She continued: “From the beginning of my modeling career, I’ve had the desire to give back to this program that gave me so much and ultimately changed the trajectory of my life and I finally got the chance! “In the words of Toni Morrison, ‘when you get these jobs that you have been so brilliantly trained for, just remember that your real job is that if you are free, you need to free somebody else. If you have some power, then your job is to empower somebody else.’ REAL LEADERS CREATE MORE LEADERS.” Ebonee even inspired two other campaign stars, Gabrielle Richardson and Angelica Sable, to donate to Summer Search! Gabrielle Richardson (left) and Angelica Sable (right, center). Photos by Carlotta Kohl. Courtesy of John Hardy. “I chose Summer Search because I think everyone should have the right to a great education no matter where they come from and get the support they need,” explained Gabrielle. “I’m so excited for the next generation of scholars, artists, scientists, and doctors who were able to have these opportunities because of this program!” For Angelica, she chose Summer Search because she grew up in a family of artists whose openness supported the idea that every person should have the opportunity to be exposed to learning in any place without judgment or bias. We are so grateful to Ebonee, Angelica, Gabrielle, and John Hardy for their generosity and for creating such a beautiful and inspiring campaign to showcase these powerful female voices.	<urn:uuid:240f1e95-6fb7-4fdb-a2ff-6106a0c364c0>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://summersearch.org/blog/a-powerful-gift-for-international-womens-day/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.957188	957	1.601563	2
For the past 26 consecutive years, the Kentucky AGC/SIF has rewarded $182.9 million in dividends to its qualifying members. What is a dividend? By definition, a dividend is a share of surplus allocated to a policyholder in a participating insurance policy. Simply put, if the Fund takes in an excess amount of premium over liabilities for a given policy year, the excess premium may be distributed in the form of a dividend to those members who qualify. The Fund waits four (4) years to return a dividend for a given policy year. In doing so, the Fund can more accurately determine the level of liabilities in a given policy year. Once the liabilities have been accurately determined, the Board of Trustees reviews the feasibility of a dividend distribution. Am I eligible? In order to be "ELIGIBLE" for a dividend return, a member must meet the following criteria: must have been a Fund Member in the year for which the dividend is being paid and; must be a current member at the time in which the dividend payment is made and; must have had a loss ratio of less than 100% for the year for which the dividend is being paid and; must be current in all of their payment obligations to the Fund and to their Trade Association When are dividends returned? Historically, dividends have been paid in the month of March. The Fund Approved Dividend Formula Kentucky AGC/SIF "DIVIDEND PLAN (FORMULA)" Determine the total amount of dividend to be paid. Determine employers that are eligible for a dividend: Must be current members (must be current in all of their obligations to the Fund and to the association to which they belong). Their premium exceeds their losses (paid and reserved) for the dividend year. Determine the sum of all eligible employers' excesses (sum of each employer's premiums minus their losses). Determine the DRF (Dividend Return Factor) by dividing #1 result by #3 result. Determine each member's dividend by multiplying its excess by the DRF. Determine each member's Funding Commission tax refund by multiplying the dividend by the appropriate Funding Commission tax rate (ex: 9%). Determine the total amount to be returned to each member by adding #5 and #6. Total Dividend to be paid = $8,500,000 Sum of all eligible employers' excesses (premiums minus losses) = $15,000,000 DRF = 0.5667 (8,500,000/15,000,000) Member's excess = $5,000 Member's dividend = $2,833.50 (0.5667 * $5,000) Tax refund = $255.02 (assume 9% Funding Commission rate for dividend year) Member's total dividend refund = $3,088.52 ($2,833.50 + $255.02)	<urn:uuid:047d5867-20e7-49b9-9f11-79fb39ad2e42>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.kyagcsif.com/employers/dividends	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.943251	656	1.601563	2
Unpaste Zero Waste Toothpaste Tablets WITH FLUORIDE Comes in a certified compostable packet with 125 tablets. - Gently polishes your teeth leaving fewer places for bacteria to attach and reducing the formation of plaque and tartar. - Less abrasive than most toothpaste but leaves you with a just-after-the-dentist feeling. - Contains no preservatives, SLS, sodium saccharin, artificial colors, aluminum, or nanoparticles – nothing extra to be absorbed in your mouth. BDIH is a non-profit trade organization of over 400 companies, based in Germany, which certifies natural cosmetic products according to strict guidelines. An independent agency tests products for their ingredients and production methods and only products that meet these high standards are certified. UNPASTE tablets will polish your teeth effectively, and work best with a very soft toothbrush. Vegan and cruelty-free UNPASTE tablets have no animal ingredients and have never been tested on animals. Ingredients: everything you need and nothing you don’t facilitates UNPASTE’s ultra-smooth polishing action, even cleaning and polishing in the interdental spaces. Debris simply beads up on the tooth surface and plaque growth is inhibited. Sodium bicarbonate (Baking Soda) adjusts the pH of the citric acid. serves as a cleaning agent and helps to remove any soft plaque. Amisoft (Sodium Lauryl Glutamate) is a natural, mild, eco-friendly surfactant. Sodium lauryl glutamate should not be confused with monosodium glutamate (MSG), used in the food industry. UNPASTE tablets are MSG-free and gluten-free. is a compound commonly used in tablet manufacturing. Natural Mint Flavor from essential oil gives UNPASTE its breath-freshening power. helps freshen breath and adds a brisk, cool sensation to brushing. is a natural thickener for the tablets, helping them break down smoothly in the mouth. is a natural sweetener, derived from the leaf of the stevia plant, which does not promote tooth decay. stimulates the flow of saliva in the mouth. This increase in saliva accelerates the remineralization of tooth surfaces.	<urn:uuid:5fdf5446-885f-48dd-a5c4-66b113023471>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.unpackedliving.com/collections/plastic-free-bathroom/products/unpaste-zero-waste-toothpaste-tablets-with-fluoride	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.867035	528	2.265625	2
Jimmy Page Just Heard About Led Zeppelin’s Ban From Boston He learned about the incident when he was researching a blog post marking the 45th anniversary of a riot in the city on Jan. 6, 1975, as fans waited for tickets to go on sale for a planned concert on Feb. 4. “On this day in 1975, I planned to play Boston Garden,” Page wrote on Facebook. “On researching for my website, I discovered that on Jan. 6, 1975, there had been an incident at the box office at Boston Garden in Boston, Mass., that had involved a sale/non-sale of tickets to thousands of fans. Police were called and it all ended with the scheduled Led Zeppelin show being canceled by Mayor Kevin H. White (who saw red) and, even more, there was apparently a five-year ban put on the band playing the venue. I was blissfully unaware of any of these shenanigans, but the mayor was, by all accounts, a Rolling Stones fan!” In 2015, author Steven Davis, who covered Led Zeppelin’s 1975 tour, recounted his version of events to WGBH in Boston, after it had been announced that tickets would go on sale for the show the morning of Jan. 7. As a result of low temperatures, venue staff allowed fans who lined up overnight to wait inside. “Pretty soon they were passing bottles of Boons Farm apple wine and Ripple — another kind of wine they had back then — and smoking joints and generally getting rowdy," Davis said. “The kids broke into the beer concessions and started feeding themselves. And when the next [security] shift came on, they turned the fire hoses on them. Then [fans] turned the fire hoses on Boston Garden, then they started to torch the seats. …It was just like the place had been bombed.” Reports claimed it took a riot squad until 5:30AM to gain control of the situation, by which time an estimated $30,000 of damage was done. On inspecting the scene, Mayor White “saw the burned seats and the flooded hockey rink and the trashed concession stands, and he said, 'Led Zeppelin will never play in Boston again,'" Davis recalled.	<urn:uuid:cba5fdce-425b-4578-a542-fa6885d80af7>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://1037theloon.com/jimmy-page-just-heard-about-led-zeppelins-ban-from-boston/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00473.warc.gz	en	0.979499	468	1.632813	2
Many people don’t realize that they have a bad credit score. It’s too easy to just pay your credit card bills and not look into the details of the interest rates. With about a quarter of people facing mistakes on their credit reports though, according to the Federal Trade Commission, it’s worth looking into it. If you then find errors on your reports, it’s actually relatively easy to send a credit dispute letter to the relevant credit bureau. What is a Credit Dispute Letter? Your first step is to get your credit report from the 3 credit bureaus: Experian, Equifax and TransUnion. Once you’ve gone through the details and spotted the mistakes you then write your credit dispute letter to the bureaus as per the following details: - A letter identifying yourself and stating the facts - A request for amendments - Addressed to credit bureaus and lenders A credit dispute letter is a simple letter stating the details of what you believe to be wrong and why. You would then include the correct facts and request for amendments to be made. It’s also a good idea to attach any copies of documents that prove your point. These could be receipts or other proof of payments. Whilst your first step is to reach out to the credit bureaus to ask for amendments, it’s useful to also inform the relevant lender. This can speed up the overall process. Either way, don’t forget to identify yourself clearly in the letter by including a copy of any official government identification. Does a Credit Dispute Letter Work? - Credit Bureaus have 30 days - Case by case - Update your lenders When the credit bureaus receive a credit dispute letter, they have 30 days to investigate and respond, according to the Fair Credit Reporting Act. You’ll also notice that each of the bureaus has an online process detailed out on their website. Of course, you can also follow this process. Regardless, it’s usually a good idea to follow up with a typed credit dispute letter through the mail. This is to make sure that you have a trace of your communication, with a date, in case you ever have to follow up. Overall, the credit bureaus have a good process for following up on any credit dispute letter. If you have a relatively simple case then yes, a credit dispute letter can work well. On the other hand, if you have a complex case with many delinquencies then there might be some issues. That’s why many people choose to work with a credit repair company. It’s also the other reason why it’s helpful to send your credit dispute letter to the relevant lender as a heads up. How a Credit Repair Company can Help Many people don’t like the idea of paying for something that they can do themselves. Of course, if you have a simple case then you can easily write your credit dispute letter and deal with the process yourself. Nevertheless, don’t underestimate that these processes can get complex and usually involve a lot of legal terminology. Remember also that credit repair company teams do this day in and day out and so nothing phases them. Sometimes, it’s helpful to pay for expert support. If you decide to do this then you can expect at least the following: - Develop a plan of attack - Manage collection agencies - Represent you in any legal proceedings Not all errors on a credit report have the same weighting. Some line items will impact loans such as your mortgage. Others again will affect your ability to get a car loan. In fact, the calculations behind your credit score can be quite complex. Therefore, there are different ways to prioritize how to improve your overall credit score. A credit repair company can do this for you and explain how it all works. The best companies don’t ask for payment until after you get a successful result so you actually have nothing to lose. Manage Collection Agencies If you’re at the stage where your debt is being managed by debt collectors rather than the original lenders then you should consider working with a credit repair company. Debt collectors are less amenable to a credit dispute letter and it can take some explaining. A credit repair company will also know what documents to look for that can support your case properly. Depending on your situation, you might be facing potential legal action. Again though, a credit repair company can advise you on the best strategy and can often salvage things before they go too far. Parting Words on Using a Credit Dispute Letter Living with debt is never fun. It can even become truly horrifying when you get to the stage when you’re facing debt collectors and possible legal proceedings. Whatever your situation though, you should always check the facts first by getting your reports from the credit bureaus. Whether you then decide to continue the process alone and write your own credit dispute letter is, of course, completely up to you. Regardless, it’s worth at least talking to credit repair companies to see how they can give you extra support. Sometimes we need the experts to get things done more effectively and with a greater chance of success.	<urn:uuid:4c016192-24c2-4d24-a527-02a753160956>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.bestfreewebresources.com/what-is-a-credit-dispute-letter-and-does-it-work	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.949215	1,081	1.796875	2
Why ‘common language’ could clarify the DSP route through network complexity - Common language has been in the CSP’s toolbox for about 40 years - Now, with virtualisation, 5G, IoT, cloud and so on, it’s needed more than ever - IDC, sponsored by iconectiv, has just launched a white paper on why it’s important In the late 19th Century a chap called Zamenhof came up with the idea of ‘constructing’ a global second language - Esperanto - which everyone could learn so that they could converse with people who didn’t share their own, be they primary speakers of English, French or one of the 832 ‘living languages’ of Papua New Guinea. Great idea, but enthusiasm for it didn’t last very far into the 20th century. One of the prime arguments FOR Esperanto was that its broad adoption would put everyone on a level playing field when it came to negotiating or persuading ‘across’ language boundaries. Which may well have been one of the reasons why it never really caught on with any group except internationalists and socialists (today they would be labeled ‘progressives’ or snowflake liberals etc). So the world eventually got English as a second language instead. The ‘iconectiv TruOps Common Language’ is another constructed language but it is attempting to do something rather different. It’s about nailing down technical nomenclature and language with specific meanings so that all those who have to grapple with technical complexity can at least do so while singing from the same hymn sheet (to mix at least 2 metaphors). The similarity with Esperanto is that, rather than waiting for language and meaning to evolve organically, it puts definitions before usage and pushes the enter key. IDC has just completed a white paper sponsored by iconectiv. The paper explains why it thinks this approach will play a major role in the evolution of networks which - as you have probably noticed - have over the past decade become more complex and abstract, with the advent of virtualisation, 5G, cloud, edge A.I. and more. In fact the concepts have become so demanding that even fully-immersed boffins can have a hard time working out what’s in front of them. The IDC white paper “Common Language Drives Customer Value for All Network Technology: 5G/MEC and Virtualized Networking” author Karl Whitelock points out that while Common Language has been used by communications service providers for over 40 years, iconectiv TruOps Common Language was established to facilitate the service design and asset tracking needs of the operations and business management processes for prevailing and emerging network connectivity architectures. Because it’s ably assisted network management processes over the decades, Whitelock says Common Language is expected to play a major role in the evolution and deployment of new facilities-based networks and the virtual aspects upon which these new technologies have come to rely. He says the paper “describes how a common naming strategy improves the effectiveness of real-time network operations and key business management functions and also explains how Common Language can bring increased awareness when defining, launching, and managing new network-based services.” The greatest challenge facing asset-based CSPs, he says, is how to manage the physical and virtual assets that define the services they provide. He points out that understanding the physical and logical placement of assets is crucial for internal operations functions like network planning, inventory, service orchestration, catalog, activation, network assurance, service-level agreements (SLAs), policy, rating, and charging. The multilevel construct of the underlay and overlay connectivity infrastructure and the E2E partner-aided services to customers of all types brings additional layers of asset tracking complexity that must be addressed by each of these business and operations management domains. But the advantages of common language goes beyond the network operations. It provides a way to reliably report information to tax authorities, regulators, insurers and auditors who need regular reports of complex information. The only way to do this without inordinate expense and time-suck is to initiate an automated approach and that requires a standard naming and coding convention. Having done so, the Common Language codes open up possibilities for a range of improvements such as tighter asset management capabilities by rooting out asset duplications, tightening up on inventory and combating fraud, rediscovering stranded assets and so on. The White Paper makes out a compelling case for supporting a common language standards. You can download it here Stay up to date with the latest industry developments: sign up to receive TelecomTV's top news and videos plus exclusive subscriber-only content direct to your inbox – including our daily news briefing and weekly wrap.	<urn:uuid:ca798ee0-87c9-4703-baae-22f2fa1ce5a5>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.telecomtv.com/content/ai-analytics-automation/why-common-language-could-clarify-the-dsp-route-through-network-complexity-41400/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.932391	997	1.6875	2
It looks like you're using an Ad Blocker. Please white-list or disable AboveTopSecret.com in your ad-blocking tool. Some features of ATS will be disabled while you continue to use an ad-blocker. The number of Vietnam veterans in that movement was small — a tiny proportion of those who served — but Vietnam veterans forged the first links between Klansmen and Nazis since World War II. They were central in leading Klan and neo-Nazi groups past the anti-civil rights backlash of the 1960s and toward paramilitary violence. The white power movement they forged had strongholds not only in the South, but also in the Pacific Northwest, Colorado, California and Pennsylvania. Its members carried weapons like those they had used in Vietnam, and used boot-camp rhetoric to frame their pursuit of domestic enemies. They condoned violence against innocent people and, eventually, the state itself. Before his 1979 discharge for distributing racist literature, Mr. Miller served for 20 years in the Army, including two tours in Vietnam and service as a Green Beret. Later that year he took part (but was not charged) in a deadly shooting of Communist protesters in Greensboro, N.C. In 2009, the Department of Homeland Security issued a nine-page report detailing the threat of domestic terrorism by the white power movement. This short document outlined no specific threats, but rather a set of historical factors that had predicted white-supremacist activity in the past — like economic pressure, opposition to immigration and gun-control legislation — and a new factor, the election of a black president. The report singled out one factor that has fueled every surge in Ku Klux Klan membership in American history, from the 1860s to the present: war. The return of veterans from combat appears to correlate more closely with Klan membership than any other historical factor. “Military veterans facing significant challenges reintegrating into their communities could lead to the potential emergence of terrorist groups or lone wolf extremists carrying out violent attacks,” the report warned. The agency was “concerned that right-wing extremists will attempt to recruit and radicalize returning veterans in order to boost their violent capabilities.” The report raised intense blowback from the American Legion, Fox News and conservative members of Congress. They demanded an apology and denounced the idea that any veteran could commit an act of domestic terrorism. The department shelved the report, removing it from its website. The threat, however, proved real. Mr. Miller obviously represents an extreme, both in his politics and in his violence. A vast majority of veterans are neither violent nor mentally ill. When they turn violent, they often harm themselves, by committing suicide. But it would be irresponsible to overlook the high rates of combat trauma among the 2.4 million Americans who have served in our wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, the full impact of which has not yet materialized. Veterans of those conflicts represent just 10 percent of those getting mental health services through the Department of Veterans Affairs, where the overwhelming majority of those in treatment are still Vietnam veterans. That Mr. Miller was able to carry out an act of domestic terror at two locations despite his history of violent behavior should alarm anyone concerned about public safety. Would he have received greater scrutiny had he been a Muslim, a foreigner, not white, not a veteran? The answer is clear, and alarming. While it may be true that a very small number of veterans of the Vietnam war became involved in the white supremacy movement -	<urn:uuid:77c1fe21-66e7-422d-a7e1-1535d6acdb4c>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.abovetopsecret.com/forum/thread1008406/pg1	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00473.warc.gz	en	0.967122	715	2.3125	2
To quickly illustrate the difference, a handy recall trick is that incentives say “do well” and rewards say “well done.” Incentives tempt employees to go the extra mile and push for crucial results. The rewards are what thanks employees for hard work, whether they’re linked to an incentive or not. They’re not mutually dependent even though they’re often used in tandem. This blog goes into more detail about the difference between the two, when you’d use them, and how employee recognition fits into the mix. Rewards are the actual item that gets dished out to congratulate staff for exceptional success. They’re there to validate and celebrate performance. Rewards are most often dispensed for achievement, like taking valuable projects live or crossing a sales threshold. Rewards are personal trophies when they’re dispensed for achievement. Mementos of an employee’s own excellence. Reminders of the exceptional things your staff are capable of. Trophy value has two major effects. Vitally, staff who get these rewards are more likely to put the effort in to achieve again the future. Equally, all staff are shown that outstanding effort is appreciated and validated by managers. Cash is a common reward, but it’s not always effective. We’ve talked about this in our blog before, and it’s still just as true; cash is extremely suspect as a reward. It has a bad habit of blending into the background noise of life. It’s not so easy to separate the part of your monthly pay that was a reward and which part was your gas bill. Especially when they’re both paid into the same current account. Making trophies means putting cash aside as a reward. Incentives summed up An incentive is, essentially, something that’s designed to extract a desired behaviour by offering a reward ahead of time. For employees, that’s almost always some kind of professional performance. Rewards are promised in exchange for the exceptional performance once an objective is met. They’re most common in sales teams, but any teams with measurable performance could employ an incentive scheme. You might try to decrease customer complaints, improve efficiency on a factory floor, get your fleet driving more safely, or even increasing personal training course completion. The rewards are what spices up the targets to give your employees a bit of added impetus to reach their goals. Where recognition fits in Recognition doesn’t require you to use a reward. Although, it can include issuing a reward alongside recognition. The reward is a little amplifier to the recognition. A tangible reminder of what’s valued in your company. Best practice for recognition is to tie to your values, not just performance. This is where it starts to diverge from rewards. While every company’s values should in some way reflect achievement, nailing your colours exclusively to the mast of KPIs is a dangerous game. We’ve got a whole blog post on why obsession with that is a poor idea here. Employees should be recognised for going above and beyond to exemplify your company’s values and improve your company culture. Regardless of whether that’s tied to a KPI. That’s how you build a stronger company culture for the future. Recognition doesn’t need a reward Because recognition is values driven, it doesn’t need to be associated directly with an award. Peer-to-peer recognition, especially, doesn’t have to accompanied by a reward. The purpose is to create camaraderie between staff under the umbrella of your company’s values. To create a workplace where ethical, virtuous behaviour is encouraged and is seen by staff to be valued. When filtered through values, recognition has value to your business that doesn’t need to be associated with rewards. In summary. rewards are the actual products you use to highlight performance. An incentive is promising that reward ahead of time in exchange for achievement. Recognition is the acknowledgement of effort or performance, and can include a reward if you choose.	<urn:uuid:3a2da38c-06c6-4bce-8918-b92f11fbd00a>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.appreciate.co.uk/blog/rewards-and-incentives-whats-the-difference/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.941288	869	1.984375	2
Cardiovascular disease as we know it today is an umbrella term. It can refer to a number of heart conditions, including heart and blood vessel disease, heart attack, stroke, heart failure, and arrhythmia. Each condition presents itself differently. Some, such as heart disease, lead to a heart attack or stroke. Because cardiovascular disease encompasses numerous conditions, the average person may know little about the entire ordeal. We all know our heart must be strong and healthy. Through diet and exercise, this is possible. But there are other factors at play for cardiovascular disease in the United States. Facts About Cardiovascular Disease - Every year, around 600,000 people die from heart disease – that is one in every four deaths in the country. - Heart disease remains the number one cause of death in both men and women here in the United States. Over half of all deaths due to heart disease are men. - Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading type of heart disease, killing more than 370,000 people per year. - Each year, 735,000 Americans suffer a heart attack. Of these, just over 500,000 experience their first heart attack while over 200,000 experience their second or third heart attack. Early Action Against Heart Disease It is crucial to know the early warning signs and symptoms of a heart attack. Whether we’re talking about symptoms you experience personally or in someone you know, the chances of survival are greater when treatment begins immediately. - In recent years, around 92% of people recognized chest pain as a symptom of an impending heart attack. However, only 27% knew to call 911 when someone was having a heart attack with major symptoms present. - Nearly 47% of cardiac deaths occur outside of a hospital. As such, it’s clear to see most people do not act on their early warning signs of a heart attack. The most significant signs and symptoms of a heart attack include: - Chest pain and discomfort. - Upper body pain or discomfort in the arms, neck, jaw, and upper stomach. - Shortness of breath. - Nausea, cold sweats, and lightheadedness. Risks of Heart Disease There are numerous risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease amongst Americans. These risk factors include, along with medical conditions and lifestyle choices, a number of conditions: - Overweight and obesity - Poor diet - Lack of exercise - Excessive alcohol use	<urn:uuid:10753644-9cb0-4fd5-9c70-30b69382e7bb>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://brookhavenheart.com/facts-about-cardiovascular-disease-in-the-united-states/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.929365	510	3.359375	3
One of the great strengths of the American food industry is the strong partnerships between universities and grower groups. That’s especially evident in Washington State, where Washington State University has a huge and positive presence in the tree fruit and wine grape communities. In California, a longtime partnership is showing a strain as the California Strawberry Commission has sued the University of California, alleging the university was endorsing the privatization of an important part of the state’s agricultural heritage. UC denies the allegations. As reported by the Los Angeles Times, the suit claims the university is not properly safeguarding the germplasm, a living museum of 1,600 strawberry types developed from decades of research and cultivation. California produces 90 percent of the nation’s strawberries, a crop worth $2.3 billion a year. The dispute with the state Strawberry Commission began when a prominent university researchers decided to leave the university and start a private company for strawberry crop development. Here’s a link to the Los Angeles Times article.	<urn:uuid:fa90b054-eb68-4bbd-8342-048799de51db>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.goodfruit.com/corr-california-growers-criticize-university-of-california/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.915534	206	2.140625	2
Creating an eco-friendly nursery is probably the best gift for your baby and the entire family. You’ll be making your home a safer, healthier place and setting an excellent example for those around you, including neighbors and visitors. There are many ways to achieve this, including adding a bouquet of fresh, colorful flowers or a fruit bowl to the space. How Do You Achieve an Eco-Friendly Nursery? Use Repurposed Furniture Instead of buying new furniture, check your local thrift store for gently used pieces that can be repurposed. Repurposing furniture is a great way to save money, help the environment and keep things out of landfills. Also, go through your basement. You might find hidden treasures that only need some cleaning and painting to look as good as new. Use Eco-Friendly Paints and Wallpaper If your nursery is complete and you want to freshen up the walls, consider using eco-friendly paints. Although these products cost a little more than standard paint, they are non-toxic and prevent future allergies and respiratory illnesses. Also, look for repurposed wallpaper at garage sales or buy rolls of it at thrift stores to create your preferred designs. Use Organic, Non-Toxic Furniture Polish and Cleaners There are eco-friendly furniture cleaners available at most stores in sprays, wipes, or microfiber cloths. They not only work well but prevent harmful chemicals from mixing with the air you breathe in your home. If you’re looking for furniture polish, consider using an organic alternative. They are easy to find and affordable too. Choose Biodegradable Items Biodegradable items such as diapers and wipes for your baby help the environment. You also save money when using them multiple times. The choice is healthier for the environment, especially since disposable items end up in landfills and take hundreds of years to decompose. When the time comes to dispose of the used items, they’ll quickly decompose and lessen the impact on the environment. Go for Quality Long Lasting Items When shopping, look for quality items that are durable and will not need to be replaced anytime soon or before your child grows out of them. You can also buy products made from natural materials such as wool instead of nylon or polyester. Long-lasting items can be donated or passed on to other family members who need them. Buy Organic Bedding and Furniture Since your baby will be spending a lot of time in their crib, ensure you have the right bedding and mattress. Always check for organic or chemical-free options as these can help prevent allergies and diseases such as SIDS. In addition, buy organic nursery furniture to keep the air in your home and especially the baby’s nursery clean. Choose Breathable Wallpapers Wallpaper is an excellent choice when decorating the walls of the nursery. For non-toxic options, go for breathable ones designed with babies in mind. Breathable wallpapers such as felt cloth and cotton do not retain moisture. The choice is essential if you live in a humid environment or there’s excessive moisture present. It helps prevent mold from growing on the surface of the paper, reducing the risk of allergies. Invest in a High-Quality Mattress A high-quality mattress is essential if you plan on co-sleeping with your child. The mattress keeps moisture away, keeping the baby dry and warm when sleeping. If you are using the mattress, make sure it’s firm as a soft bed can cause muscle strain and back problems. Bring in Some Life Plants look lovely in nurseries and help purify the air. Some great options are the Boston fern, bird of paradise, Monstera Deliciosa, and Kentia Palm. They’re easy to take care of, can be placed anywhere in the room, and will provide your baby with clean air to breathe. Go for Multi-Purpose Furniture Choosing furniture pieces that serve many functions means that you’ll use them more often. You’ll not only save time and money but also create more room for other items in the nursery, such as toys. Items such as a changing table, rocking chair, and dresser combo are great multipurpose pieces that can be used even after your baby has outgrown them. You can also go for a crib with multiple storage compartments. An Eco-Friendly Nursery Means More Health and Happiness Creating a haven for your baby is very important, and an eco-friendly nursery is the best way to achieve this goal. Not only will you use high-quality items that are less hazardous to their health and the environment, but you’ll also be at peace knowing that you’re doing everything possible to keep your family healthy. You’ll also be setting a standard your kids and others around you will want to maintain in the future.	<urn:uuid:4f358603-783b-418d-ad12-c04b55bee31b>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	http://naturemoms.com/blog/2021/09/20/how-to-create-an-eco-friendly-nursery/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00473.warc.gz	en	0.939889	1,025	2.34375	2
“The standard establishes a simple means of referring to common refrigerants in place of chemical names, formulas or trade names,” the society states. “It also establishes safety classifications based on toxicity and flammability data.” “The standard now contains all addenda in one document, which makes it more convenient and easier to use,” said Steve Szymurski, chair of the Standard 34 committee. Five new addenda — 34m, 34n, 34r, 34s, and 34t — add designations and safety classifications for R-414B, -416A, and -417A; change the safety classification of R-245fa to B1; and change the composition tolerances for R-402A and -402B. To order, contact ASHRAE Customer Service, 800-527-4723 (U.S. and Canada) or 404-636-8400 (worldwide); 404-321-5478 (fax); or visit www.ashrae.org (website). Publication date: 01/21/2002	<urn:uuid:5d570c6d-d78d-40e6-ace8-eaad55af905d>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.achrnews.com/articles/88701-ashrae-publishes-refrigerant-standard	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.831267	234	2.109375	2
First Kadazan-language animated film is now available online The first ever Kadazan-language animated short film is now available for viewing online! While Sabah has produced a few local movies before, “Legend of Ancient Borneo” is the first to fully use Kadazan, the language spoken among the state’s Kadazan tribe. The short film made its online premiere earlier this week on its official Facebook page as well as on YouTube. It has garnered more than 16,000 views since it was posted on the Facebook page on 18 May. Produced by All-For-One Productions, with mostly local animators, the roughly 8-minute film is based on the fantasy comic by Aks Kwan and Robertson Sondoh Jr. Boni Mosios, who starred in “Huminodun”, lent his voice as the film’s narrator. Set in a village in ancient Borneo, the film follows four warriors who go after a gang of reptile savages that have ravaged their village and taken the village’s sacred dragon skull. However, they soon learn of the truth behind their village’s prosperity and the dragon skull’s untold history. As per the description on International Peace and Film Festival ‘s (IPFF) page, director Geoffrey Sinn Chun Hou stated that the film “may look like a fantasy tale of superpower warriors battling mystical creatures. But what’s hidden beneath, is about us humans being selfish and ignorant to the catastrophic damage we have done to the world for our own sake.” Geoffrey is now working on expanding the short film into an animated TV series. Aks Kwan recently shared on his Facebook a few drawings of “Legend of Ancient Borneo”. While the animation may not be as advanced as international films, the short film has been highly praised for its effort in promoting Borneo’s culture and heritage. Commenters also applauded its use of Kadazan, saying that it is a good way to preserve it and can be used to encourage the younger generations to learn and use the language that is fast losing its usage among youngsters due to modernisation. The short film was previously picked as this year’s Official Selection for IPFF and competed with 91 other films at the film festival that was held from 30 January to 2 February in Orlando, Florida. It was also one of the winners of the Intellectual Property Creators’ Challenge (IPCC) in 2018, now known as Digital Content Creators Challenge (DC3), that was organised by Malaysia Digital Economy Corporation. If you haven’t seen it, click play below to watch “Legend of Ancient Borneo”! (Don’t worry, there are English subtitles).	<urn:uuid:ac20e216-e01e-4ef6-9f5d-b1bb9f342f04>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.thehive.asia/2020/05/first-kadazan-language-animated-film-is.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.9633	692	2.015625	2
Weizmann Institute scientists “fingerprint” a culprit in depression, anxiety and other mood disorders. Will you offer us a hand? Every gift, regardless of size, fuels our future. Your critical contribution enables us to maintain our independence from shareholders or wealthy owners, allowing us to keep up reporting without bias. It means we can continue to make Jewish Business News available to everyone. You can support us for as little as $1 via PayPal at email@example.com. According to the World Health Organization, such mood disorders as depression affect some 10% of the world’s population and are associated with a heavy burden of disease. That is why numerous scientists around the world have invested a great deal of effort in understanding these diseases. Yet the molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie these problems are still only partly understood. The existing anti-depressants are not good enough: Some 60-70% of patients get no relief from them. For the other 30-40%, that relief is often incomplete, and they must take the drugs for a long period before feeling any effects. In addition, there are many side effects associated with the drugs. New and better drugs are clearly needed, an undertaking that requires, first and foremost, a better understanding of the processes and causes underlying the disorders. The Weizmann Institute’s Prof. Alon Chen, together with his then PhD student Dr. Orna Issler, investigated the molecular mechanisms of the brain’s serotonin system, which, when misregulated, is involved in depression and anxiety disorders. Chen and his colleagues researched the role of microRNA molecules (small, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate various cellular activities) in the nerve cells that produce serotonin. They succeeded in identifying, for the first time, the unique “fingerprints” of a microRNA molecule that acts on the serotonin-producing nerve cells. Combining bioinformatics methods with experiments, the researchers found a connection between this particular microRNA, (miR135), and two proteins that play a key role in serotonin production and the regulation of its activities. The findings appeared today in Neuron. The scientists noted that in the area of the brain containing the serotonin-producing nerve cells, miR135 levels increased when antidepressant compounds were introduced. Mice that were genetically engineered to produce higher-than-average amounts of the microRNA were more resistant to constant stress: They did not develop any of the behaviors associated with chronic stress, such as anxiety or depression, which would normally appear. In contrast, mice that expressed low levels of miR135 exhibited more of these behaviors; in addition, their response to antidepressants was weaker. In other words, the brain needs the proper miR135 levels – low enough to enable a healthy stress response and high enough to avoid depression or anxiety disorders and to respond to serotonin-boosting antidepressants. When this idea was tested on human blood samples, the researchers found that subjects 2 who suffered from depression had unusually low miR135 levels in their blood. On closer inspection, the scientists discovered that the three genes involved in producing miR135 are located in areas of the genome that are known to be associated with risk factors for bipolar mood disorders. These findings suggest that miR135 could be a useful therapeutic molecule – both as a blood test for depression and related disorders, and as a target whose levels might be raised in patients. Yeda Research and Development Co. Ltd., the technology transfer arm of the Weizmann Institute, has applied for a patent connected to these findings and recently licensed the rights to miCure Therapeutics to develop a drug and diagnostic method. After completing preclinical trials, the company hopes to begin clinical trials in humans.	<urn:uuid:fcdf076f-4bf5-4873-904e-af480fd23353>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://jewishbusinessnews.com/2014/06/19/tiny-molecule-could-help-diagnose-and-treat-mental-disorders/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.948924	782	2.875	3
WHERE IS LIVING GOOD IN RUSSIA? Polina Krychkova, Deputy Minister of Economic Development of the Russian Federation Andrey Samokhin, Chief Executive Officer, Head of Analytics and Marketing Unit, VEB.RF Group In 2021, for the first time in our country, an index for assessing the quality of life in Russian cities was launched, which compares Russian cities with foreign ones according to international OECD indicators. The first results of the index showed that the level of housing provision in our country is insufficient: in Russian cities the average number of rooms per person is 0.9, while abroad it is twice as much. At the same time, the average level of automobilization in Russian cities is 30% lower than in foreign cities, which gives room for further development of public transport rather than the use of private cars. Accessibility of infrastructure (schools, hospitals) in Russia is comparable to the level of OECD cities. For example, the proportion of the population living within a 20-minute walking distance of schools in Russian cities is 81%, while in OECD cities it is 90.5%. At the same time, Russian cities face serious climatic problems: the number of warm and hot days is steadily increasing, especially in southern cities (this figure is comparable to OECD cities). In 50% of cities in Russia, water levels in water bodies are dropping. Importantly, the index revealed a number of problems with access to statistics on the quality of life of the population at the city level. For example, Russia does not measure concentrations of suspended particle PM2.5 for air quality assessment. There are no broadband access maps to collect Internet coverage figures in cities, and education and income data are not collected at all at the city level. • How will the Quality of Life Index in Russian cities develop further? • Is there a need for an international comparison not only of cities but also of regions? • How will the index results be used at the federal level?	<urn:uuid:5da80b53-c4f0-4098-bab7-1fdd6e8553cf>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.gaidarforum.ru/en/programme-2022/2518/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00473.warc.gz	en	0.928401	420	2.125	2
Fusion of bone marrow-derived stem cells with cardiomyocytes in a heterologous in vitro model Objective: Recent studies have demonstrated that transplanted bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMCs) possess a broad differentiation potential and are able to form new cardiomyocytes. However, the identity of BMCs as true cardiomyocytes is still ambiguous. Therefore, we investigated the fate of transplanted fluorescence labeled BMCs and cardiomyocytes in co-culture. Methods: For cell tracking we used two different fluorescent probes, Vybrant/DiO and Vybrant/DiI. BMCs were taken from human sternal marrow, purified using a Ficoll-gradient-centrifugation, treated with 5-azacytidine and stained with Vybrant/DiO. Furthermore, isolated spontaneous beating cardiomyocytes of neonatal rats (CM) were labeled with Vybrant/DiI. Thereafter, the BMCs were transplanted into CM-cultures and investigated on day 1, 4, 7, 14 and 28 using two-color fluorescence phenotyping by laser-scanning-cytometry (LSC). Two-color positive cells were harvested by patch-clamp technique and ?-MHC mRNA expression was analyzed by single-cell PCR. Results: Two different morphological phenotypes were observed by LSC. First, isolated DiO labeled BMCs without contact or with direct cell contact to DiI labeled CMs. Second, some BMCs and CMs were double positive for DiO/DiI spontaneously forming hybrids. This population increased by 18% from day 1 to 4 and decreased only slightly until day 28. Additionally, few two-color positive cell formations expressed both human and rat specific ?-MHC mRNA as well as only human ?-MHC mRNA indicating that cell-fusion and transdifferentiation has occurred. Conclusion: These observations provide in vitro evidence for spontaneous cell fusion and transdifferentiation of BMCs in co-culture, raising the possibility that the observed phenomenons may contribute to development or maintenance of these cell types.	<urn:uuid:3762b1e6-378a-4a4c-97d4-fa6a39a12177>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/209758	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00473.warc.gz	en	0.949597	452	1.5	2
Students learn firsthand how experts think about and solve problems by interacting with faculty members inside and outside of instructional settings. As a result, faculty become role models, mentors, and guides for continuous lifelong learning. In addition, effective teaching requires that faculty deliver course material and provide feedback in student-centered ways. Two Engagement Indicators investigate experiences with faculty: Student-Faculty Interaction and Effective Teaching Practices. Below are three views of your results alongside those of your comparison groups. \|UMD\|\|Your first-year students compared with\| \|UMD Peers\|\|UMD Competitors\|\|NSSE Carnegie\| \|Effective Teaching Practices\|\|36.0\|\|36.7\|\|-.06\|\|36.9\|\|-.07\|\|38.1\|\|**\|\|-.16\| \|Notes: Results weighted by institution-reported sex and enrollment status (and institution size for comparison groups); Effect size: Mean difference divided by pooled standard deviation; Symbols on the Overview page are based on effect size and p before rounding; p<.05, p<.01, *p<.001 (2-tailed).\| Notes: Each box-and-whiskers chart plots the 5th (bottom of lower bar), 25th (bottom of box), 50th (middle line), 75th (top of box), and 95th (top of upper bar) percentile scores. The dot represents the mean score. The table below displays how your students responded to each EI item, and the difference, in percentage points, between your students and those of your comparison group. Blue bars indicate how much higher your institution's percentage is from that of the comparison group. Purple bars indicate how much lower your institution's percentage is from that of the comparison group. \|Percentage point differencea between\| your first-year students and \|Student-Faculty Interaction\|\|UMD\|\|UMD Peers\|\|UMD Competitors\|\|NSSE Carnegie\| \|Percentage of students who responded that they "Very often" or "Often"...\|\|%\| \|3a.\|\|Talked about career plans with a faculty member\|\|28\|\|-12\|\|-9\|\|-10\| \|3b.\|\|Worked with a faculty member on activities other than coursework (committees, student groups, etc.)\|\|17\|\|-4\|\|-3\|\|-3\| \|3c.\|\|Discussed course topics, ideas, or concepts with a faculty member outside of class\|\|22\|\|-3\|\|-2\|\|-5\| \|3d.\|\|Discussed your academic performance with a faculty member\|\|22\|\|-8\|\|-5\|\|-11\| \|Effective Teaching Practices\| \|Percentage responding "Very much" or "Quite a bit" about how much instructors have...\| \|5a.\|\|Clearly explained course goals and requirements\|\|74\|\|-2\|\|-1\|\|-2\| \|5b.\|\|Taught course sessions in an organized way\|\|74\|\|+2\|\|+1\|\|+1\| \|5c.\|\|Used examples or illustrations to explain difficult points\|\|73\|\|+1\|\|+0\|\|-0\| \|5d.\|\|Provided feedback on a draft or work in progress\|\|55\|\|-3\|\|-4\|\|-8\| \|5e.\|\|Provided prompt and detailed feedback on tests or completed assignments\|\|53\|\|-3\|\|-3\|\|-6\| \|Notes: Refer to your Frequencies and Statistical Comparisons report for full distributions and significance tests. Item numbering corresponds to the survey facsimile.\| \|a.\|\|Percentage point difference = Institution percentage – Comparison group percentage. Because results are rounded to whole numbers, differences of less than 1 point may or may not display a bar. Small, but nonzero differences may be represented as +0 or -0.\|	<urn:uuid:b94bcd7c-4886-4721-9715-1946c4583a43>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://bl-educ-cprtest.ads.iu.edu/inst_report/EI_theme.php?token=rfehFRHMZAFdMnsmOVNiAxxAztLDjeRPxY&year=2020&class=FY&theme=EF	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00473.warc.gz	en	0.857432	872	1.976563	2
Emergency measures in the wake of Covid-19: The US-Canada border has been closed to all non-essential travel until at least 21 February 2021. Travellers entering Canada by air or by land face testing and mandatory quarantine, and must provide traveller contact information on arrival. The fur trade brought the first Europeans to the area. Later the Klondike Gold Rush in the Yukon, fertile soils, relatively mild winters, and then oil and gas discoveries brought settlers here. Recently a strong technology sector has also developed. The North Saskatchewan River created Edmonton's river valley. At 22 times the size of New York's Central Park, this is the longest stretch of connected urban parkland in North America, full of natural beauty, with lakes, ravines, bike and walking trails. The city has the highest per capita area of parkland of any Canadian city. A cultural, governmental and educational center, Edmonton plays host to a year-round slate of world-class festivals. The Edmonton Symphony Orchestra performs classical masterworks, pops, and children's concerts. The Citadel Theatre has a five-hall complex of theaters with a variety of stage productions, both mainstream and alternative. The Jubilee Auditorium, on the University of Alberta campus, features performances of the Alberta Ballet, the Edmonton Opera, Broadway shows, stand-up comedians, theatre productions, popular bands, orchestras, and dance. For a look at some area museums and galleries, see our events and activities pages. Often called the "Festival City" Edmonton has numerous events, especially during the long summer days, but also throughout the year. In August the popular Fringe Theatre Festival takes place, but there are associated events all year long. The Edmonton Street Fest features an featuring our international cast of jugglers, acrobats, hip hop dancers, sword-swallowers, musicians and more at Sir Winston Churchill Square each July. The biggie each year is K-Days in July, with ten days of concerts, fireworks, wine, food, a chuck wagon derby, horse racing, carnival rides and midway - and more. Old Strathcona, in the historic district south-central Edmonton district, is the main arts and entertainment district, home to a vibrant independent theatre scene. Nine companies are at work at the Varscona Theatre, the ATB Financial Arts Barns, and the Walterdale Playhouse. The Rapid Fire Theatre, an improv comedy group, presents Improvaganza each June, with the best comedy acts around. The Princess and the Metro Cinema are art-house cinema/ theaters at the Garneau Theatre. The Edmonton International Film Festival takes place each year at the end of September. The closest queer film festival, Calgary Queer Arts Society/ Fairy Tales, screens in Calgary in late May/ early June. Dreamspeakers has an Edmonton June film festival by and about the world's Aboriginal Peoples, and Northwestfest/ Global Visions features the work of documentary filmmakers each May. Edmonton Pride, nine days of celebrations each June, include a parade, a festival with stage entertainment and vendors, dance parties, and dozens of events. The gay scene is not large but it is lively with several gay and lesbian clubs, the Pride Center with drop-in social services, resources and library, and many organizations offering a diverse variety of social activities. The West Edmonton Mall is the largest shopping center of it's kind in North America, with over 800 stores on three indoor levels; plus restaurants, cinemas and the World Waterpark, a five-acre playland with a huge wave pool, water slides, hot tubs, and tropical temperatures. Also here is Galaxyland, the world's largest indoor amusement park, featuring over two dozen rides. Inter-city rail passenger rail service is provided by Via Rail to points all across Canada. From the Edmonton railway station Toronto is a trip of 63.5 hours, and Vancover is 27 hours by train. Edmonton Transit System is the main public transit agency, operating the Light Rail Transit line with service every 5-15 minutes at 15 stations along a 21 km route between Clareview and Century Park. They also have a large fleet of buses. Service ends by approximately 1:30am on weekdays and at around midnight on weekends, so taxis or a car are a necessary part of a night on the town. Media and resources The DailyXtra website covers LGBT news, current events, opinions and listings for Canada and the world, along with travel articles on this site. Two gay/lesbian community groups sponsor local events: Fruit Loop, "for a diverse community of gays, lesbians, bisexuals, transfolk, queers, two spirited, straights, allies, cherries and berries to mix, mingle and have fun" every month or two. For gay-friendly general listings and reviews of arts, film, music, restaurants and nightlife see VueWeekly. The Pride Centre of Edmonton (10608-105 Ave) offers community programs and events throughout the year, and an extensive LGBTQ Library Collection. Each June the Edmonton LGBT community celebrates their Pride Festival. Area groups include: the Edmonton Prime Timers, older gay men from diverse backgrounds with common interests; and the Fellowship of Alberta Bears, with various events including their annual Bearacchus in May, and an annual Great Canadian Bear Weekend in August. The Imperial Sovereign Court of the Wild Rose has activities in support of charities and organizations providing services to the LGBT community of Edmonton. Bohemia (10217 97th St), arts-themed, diverse live music and performance venue with bar; calm, relaxing, quiet and intimate, to loud, vibrant and unpredictable, depending on the night. BLVD Bar x Kitchen (10765 Jasper Ave), craft cocktails, eclectic menu, innovative/ seductive atmosphere combining elements of Amsterdam, New Orleans, and Berlin; LGBT special events. Fruit Loop pop-up LGBTQ dance nights, drag and burlesque shows at various venues. Starlite Room + Brixx Bar & Grill (10704 124th St), mixed crowd, all-ages, gay-friendly live music club; bar with rotating menu of tasty $2 appetizers. The Chvrch Of John (10260 103 Street NW), cocktails, live music, comedy, dueling divas and burlesque club. Yellowhead Brewery (10229-105 St), gay-friendly mixed micro brewery bar; Sunday brunch buffet, omelette station, coffee and juice. CLOSED: Buddy's and Woody's Pub & Cafe (11725b Jasper Ave NW), late-night dancing, young crowd, wet undy contests, drag shows. SteamWorks (11745 Jasper Ave) men's dry and steam saunas, cruise labyrinth, playroom, private rooms, fetish/kink nights, sex shop, porn videos. Co-ed mixed nights Sundays through Tuesdays. CLOSED: Down Under Mens Bath House - plans to relocate to new site after their old building was demolished - but been saying that for awhile now - see website updates.	<urn:uuid:960ac0ca-c86e-455f-9682-8c3694520c8d>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://www.dailyxtratravel.com/(X(1)S(nszp3ha13dbvcc55g4ttfy3q))/canada/alberta/edmonton	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.919899	1,473	1.90625	2
The Human Demographic Regulator* Department of Sociology and the Institute for Research on World-Systems University of California-Riverside [7937 Words, DRAFT 8/5/2009] *This research has been supported by National Science Foundation grant NSF-HSD SES-0527720. The communicating author is Chris Chase-Dunn, Sociology, University of California-Riverside, Abstract: Premised on a series of modified Lotka-Volterra equations, this article presents a dynamic simulation model of the relationships among population growth, population pressure, resources, internal conflict, migration, circumscription and warfare in a regional world-system in which the constituent societies are based on sedentary foraging or simple horticulture. The model differs from others in that it shows how these processes operate interactively at the societal and the world-system levels. In this model technological change and socio-cultural complexity are held constant so as to highlight the impact and importance of resource and competition concerns. Results reveal dramatic qualitative differences between single societies held in isolation, and societies that exist in a systemic relationship with a region of other societies. Additionally, important insights concerning the role of land availability, resource availability, and climatic variability were gained. This article describes the construction of a dynamic simulation model of the human population regulator as it operated in early regional world-systems. Specifically, modified Lotka-Volterra type ecology models are applied to sedentary hunter-gatherers and simple horticulturalists. The implications of this project include insights on the formulation and operation of early world-systems, as well as a working computational model of the “nasty bottom,” a cyclical demographic regulator that comes into effect when institutional structures fail (even in more complex systems). The model presented here differs from other dynamical models in several ways. First, it examines the interactions between a single society and a larger regional world-system (intersocietal system) of which that original society is a part. As it will be shown, this is an important inclusion, as dramatically different qualitative results are achieved for a society in isolation than for a society existing within a larger system of societies. Second, this model includes a number of variables never before included in simulations of early human ecology, including circumscription, a system-wide emergent property that has a dramatic effect on the overall operation of the model. This article focuses on the basic elements that cause human populations to grow or decline in early, small-scale (regional) world-systems. Additionally, these results are contrasted with results garnered from single, isolated societies existing under the same conditions. Insights from these analyses reveal the distinct importance of considering early human populations in a systemic, rather than atomistic fashion. Furthermore, we contend that the logic of the basic human demographic regulator may return to operation when complex social systems fail – the so-called Malthusian corrections – and so the “nasty bottom” should be retained as part of the overall model of human sociocultural evolution even though its logic has been (temporarily) transcended as human institutions articulate population pressures with technological and organizational change. The model introduced in this article builds from the bottom up in evolutionary terms by beginning with regional world-systems that contain relatively simple societies. Organizational and material technologies are held constant, so as to highlight the importance and relative effects of land availability, resource availability, climatic change (increases in technology in early societies are often developed to overcome many of these classes of problems). Subsequent models will develop technological and organizational changes as emergent properties of the dynamics modeled here. We also assume no storage of harvested resources and no cooperation among societies in the form of trade or alliances. Ruling out all these adaptations leaves our simulated humans in an uncomfortable situation, but this is one in which we can see the logic of the demographic regulator most clearly. This model of human demographic regulation incorporates insights from classical sociology (e.g., Durkheim 1984; Spencer [1874-96] 2002;), anthropology (e.g., Robert Carneiro 1970,1978; Marvin Harris 1977, 1979), and archaeology (e.g., Patrick Kirch 1984, 1991). We employ the comparative world-systems approach developed by Chase-Dunn and Hall (1997; Hall and Chase-Dunn 2006) in which human interaction networks define the spatial boundaries of world-systems. In our model, as in their theory, the boundaries of the world-system are defined by the presence of human interaction. The main unit of analysis in our theoretical approach is the world-system, not single societies, but the model we’ve developed examines the interactions between a single local society and a larger region that contains several other societies. This “regional” view of world-system dynamics is commensurate with early anthropological evidence. The size of a world-system depends mainly on transportation and communication technologies, and a single strongly interlinked global system of states did not emerge until the 19th century. We note that human societies have always cooperated and competed with neighboring societies, and that geopolitics has been an important component of the reproduction and transformation of socio-cultural institutions since even before the emergence of sedentism. However, the model we develop in this article begins with societies that have established sedentary and territorial habits, and begins to model their behavior after this initial starting point. Human Sociocultural Evolution Sedentism and diversified foraging emerged only since the last Ice Age that ended approximately 12,000 years ago. It is the long-term or permanent settlement of human populations (and their corresponding growth in size and density) which spurred increases in sociocultural complexity and introduced a number of internal and external problems, such as the need for more efficient production and distribution of resources as well as protection from enemies (Spencer 2003). These “Spencerian selection pressures” are the exigencies Herbert Spencer identified as increasing the logistical loads placed on societies, forcing them to either adapt or fail. More recently, Jonathan Turner has expanded on Spencer’s original formulations by elaborating the mechanisms that serve as catalysts for institutional development and differentiation, including population growth, the centralization of power, the consolidation of symbols, increased functional differentiation, etc. (Spencer [1874-96] 2002; Turner 1995, 2003). Similarly, Émile Durkheim’s ( 1984) evolutionary theory hinged upon the competition for resources resulting from increases in the density of a society along with the expansion of the division of labor and proliferation of niches that were integrative adaptations (cf. Colinvaux 1980; Hawley 1986). In truth, the provision of food and other resources along with increases in population density form the primary catalyst of change for many theories of human sociocultural evolution (cf. Boserup 1965; Cohen 1977; Harris 1977, 1979; Johnson and Earle 2000; Lenski 2005; White 1943, 2007). These theories of sociocultural evolution have served as a guiding beacon for much of the theory that underlies the assumptions in our model. However, the explicit form our theory takes is premised upon the Chase-Dunn and Hall iteration model of world-system evolution and change. The first version of the iteration model of world-systems evolution was presented in Chapter 6 of Chase-Dunn and Hall (1997). It is called an iteration model because its overall structure is a positive feedback loop that explains the growing scale of human societies and world-systems. But within the overall positive feedback loop there is a smaller negative feedback loop, the “nasty bottom” that comprises the human demographic regulator. A somewhat revised version of the iteration model is depicted in Figure 1. This version re-labels some of the processes depicted in the original model and it adds trade, epidemics and non-anthropogenic climate worsening. Figure 1: Revised Iteration Model of World-Systems Evolution Trade was left out of the original version of the iteration model because while Chase-Dunn and Hall had used exchange as a method of spatially bounding world-systems, they had overlooked its inclusion as a causal factor in the model of expansion and evolution. Thompson (2008) set forth a convincing argument that epidemics and non-anthropogenic climate change are not merely epiphenomenal and ought to be included in causal models of human socio-cultural evolution. While Figure 1 above is the full causal model of world-systemic expansion and evolution, many of the dynamics it includes are far too historically recent to be germane to a discussion of early sedentary hunter-gatherers and horticulturalists. Embedded within this full model, however, is a smaller module that we call the “nasty bottom.” This secondary module depicts the basic human demographic regulator that operated during most of human prehistory. Figure 2 depicts the nasty bottom of the iteration model of human sociocultural evolution. This subset of the full iteration model is the demographic regulator that humans share with many other species. The full model in Figure 1 explains how human societies expanded and became more complex; the nasty bottom reveals the pressures and processes that for many years kept humans (and continues to keep many other species) stuck in bounded, relatively small societies. Figure 2: The “Nasty Bottom” It is clear from Figure 2 that the nasty bottom includes no technological or organizational changes. As such, technology (both material and social organizational) will be held constant in the model presented here. We assume only the minimal level of technology required to establish sedentary, hunter gatherer or horticulturalist societies. The Human Demographic Regulator In the comparative world-systems perspective, the “nasty bottom” of the iteration model contains two possible cycles. The first, which stereotypically goes from Population Size à Resource Availability à Population Pressure à Emigration à Population size, describes the chain of events whereby a population grows, requires more resources than may be readily available, placing pressure on the population as a whole, causing them to migrate out, which reduces the population size back down to a manageable size. This negative feedback loop flowing through emigration is one way in which a simple human society may regulate itself demographically over the years. The second cycle completes the full nasty bottom loop, and is far more “vicious” in nature. This chain of events begins much as the first loop, moving Population Size à Resource Availability à Population Pressure à Emigration. However, emigration is not always a viable solution to the problems of overpopulation. If too much migration occurs too frequently, the surrounding lands may fill up, making it difficult (or even impossible) to migrate out. This is known as circumscription, and is discussed in detail below. Circumscription increases both intra- and inter-societal conflict, which kills off people in the entire world-system. This second negative feedback loop, in which intergroup conflict (warfare) reduces population pressure by killing people off, is the second possible cycle in the nasty bottom. The first cycle will operate until circumscription obviates its efficacy through ubiquitously high levels of population density. Once this occurs, warfare and intra-societal conflict become the mechanisms which reduce the population in the system and start the chain of events over again. Not all human populations become mired in the nasty bottom. Some break out of one or both of the nested nasty bottoms by developing new technologies that allow more resources to be produced in a given area (diversified foraging, gardening, agriculture, industry) or by erecting a new hierarchy that regulates access to scarce resources (chiefdoms, states). The ascension of the human species to dominance in the biosphere is the history of societies breaking free from the two vicious cycles of the nasty bottom through the implementation of new technologies or new forms of social organization. In short, animal and human demographic regulators are quite similar, at least at the level of the nasty bottom. The basic responses to resource scarcity and competition do not require complex symbolic systems. This fact is reflected in the many anthropological and sociological theories which use predator-prey models as the foundation for modeling the relationship between human populations, their environments, and conflict (e.g. Turchin and Korotayev 2006). Our project adds to this research tradition. Let us now review the nasty bottom in greater detail. Modeling Simple World-System Dynamics In this section, we will walk through each step of the human demographic regulator known as the nasty bottom, describing both the dynamics in play as well as their effects on the society in question. This will prepare the reader for the following sections, in which computational simulations are carried out on mathematical versions of this model. As with most demographic models, we begin with increases in population size. As with all animals, human populations will tend to increase in size over time, all else being equal (Malthus 2004). Furthermore, increases in population size necessitate increases in food supplies as well. As populations grow people use more resources because there are more mouths to feed, more dwellings to build, etc. Increased consumption puts pressure on the environment and available resources become depleted. This depletion is a result of the society’s usage of the environment’s most readily available resources. Colloquially, the low-hanging fruit or the deer close to the hamlet are taken and it takes more effort to get the same return. The cost of obtaining resources starts going up long before the population carrying capacity of the natural environment is reached. Natural resources do not need to be completely exhausted for population pressures to be working strongly on humans or other forms of life. Population pressure can derive from depletion of natural resources, but also from pollution of the local environment and from anthropogenic climate worsening. A water hole may become unclean. Cutting down trees may decrease rainfall or the ability of the soil to hold water. All these elements are part of, and are derived from, population pressure. This is called “environmental degradation,” and it further reduces the availability of resources from the environment (thereby placing even more strain on the population’s resource acquisition habits). Humans react to depletion first by increasing their efforts, but the costs of this leads to a search for alternatives, and either some or all of the members of a group are more likely to migrate to greener pastures when the local pastures have become relatively depleted (Diamond 2005). Emigration is only possible, however, when the “new regions” are not already densely populated by other humans. Population pressure, then, can only lead to emigration when the surrounding region is not already occupied. If the land is full, the local society will experience higher levels of within-society conflict and between society warfare. This concept is central to the evolutionary theory of Carneiro (1970, 1978). Using the term “circumscription,” he considers three types of barriers to movement: environmental/geographical, social, and political/military. As circumscription builds, so do a number of pressures within societies. Faced with rising population pressure and no means of leaving the home society, people more often kill each other within societies and they engage in more infanticide in order to regulate population growth. Groups are also more likely to encounter one another on hunting or procurement treks and are more likely to fight over scarce resources. In short, there is increased danger from resource shortages, and increased pressure to migrate out, which has become difficult or impossible. Inter- and intra-societal conflict will begin to erupt if these pressures are not reduced. Such conflict will reduce population pressure by killing off users of scarce resources. This is analogous to what happens when you place flour beetles in a jar. When the beetles’ food supply goes down they begin to eat each other. Over the long run there is oscillation around an equilibrium ratio between the number of beetles and the amount of food. A similar demographic regulation process occurs in human world-systems that get stuck in the nasty bottom. The sections below present two computational models. The first is entitled the Single Society Demographic Regulator (SSDR), and represents the first process of the nasty bottom. It models the relationship between a single human society and its local resource environment. The main dynamics regulating the size of this society are the acquisition of scarce resources, as well as migration out of the society into the surrounding lands. This model is very similar to a number of existing modified Lotka-Volterra type ecology models. The second model we present is called the World-Systemic Demographic Regulator (WSDR). In this model, the full import of the nasty bottom is brought to bear on the simulated societies, and the elements of circumscription and warfare are introduced. This second model is the primary contribution of our paper to the existing literature on human demographic regulation, as it reveals the special importance of world-systemic concerns in the operation and evolution of early human societies. A number of problems need to be resolved in order to convert the model as depicted in Figure 2 into a dynamic mathematical model. The functional forms of the relationships between the variables need to be specified, and some of the variables need to be stripped of their glossy generality and placed into the concrete terms suitable for mathematical modeling. It is also desirable to include the availability of physical space (land) in the model as the processes in question are in many cases spatial. We include available land in our model, and we also divide the model into two sections that have spatial aspects – the local society and the larger regional system of societies. Our first model focuses on a single local society and its relationship between population growth and resource use. This model is termed the Single Society Demographic Regulator (SSDR). The SSDR Model The SSDR is premised upon a modified Lotka-Volterra model of predator/prey relations. In our model, humans are the predators living in a small society (the “local society”) preying upon the renewable resources of the surrounding area. The specifics of how the solutions to our model compare with the Lotka-Volterra solutions will be discussed below. The local society that comprises the SSDR consists of a population living and exploiting the resources of a catchment area of fixed size and potential productivity. An initial population is incremented by births and decremented by deaths and emigration. The number of births occurring in a cycle (1-year period) is a function of the existing population size, the normal birth rate (that which would occur under no resource constraints), and resource consumption per capita. The extent to which this “normal” birth rate is achieved depends on the level of consumption per capita earlier in time. This was done in light of evidence that shows that societies pattern their birthing behavior on the “glut” or “dearth” of their resource environment (Read 2002; Read and Le Blanc 2003). When consumption levels are at subsistence, the normal birth rate is realized; as consumption per capita falls to zero, the birth rate falls linearly to zero. When consumption levels rise above subsistence the birth rate increases linearly at a faster rate. per capita reflects the continuous race between population and the ability of a society to extract resources from the environment. In the local catchment area, renewable resources are produced by the environment at varying rates, and are extracted and consumed by the human population. The resource reproduction rate governs how many new resources are added to the environment in each yearly cycle. This corresponds with the environment’s ability to “re-grow” or recover from the prior cycles of resource harvesting. We assume that the rate at which resources are renewed is constant and asymptotically approaches the carrying capacity. This is based on Turchin’s “regrowth” function for vegetation and small game resources (Turchin 2003: 117). We postulate an average rate of recovery for natural resources, though this obviously differs depending on which resources are being used and across geographical locations. Forests grow much faster in the tropics and the temperate regions than they do in colder regions that are farther from the equator. But recovery rates are not a simple matter of latitude. It is well know that soils in temperate regions are much more resistant to depletion than are soils in the rain forest, where nutrients are leached out quickly by greater rain. The average rate of recovery of natural resources that we employ varies stochastically over time. The resource reproduction fraction is an empirically based growth rate constant in the resource reproduction equation that varies stochastically in a normal fashion. Additionally, the resource reproduction rate may be lowered by high population densities due to environmental degradation. The local population extracts resources from the environment at a rate that assumes, under normal conditions, that every individual will harvest slightly more resources than those necessary to sustain themselves (if they are available). The model assumes that all resources which are extracted are consumed. Thus, there is an inherent tendency for per capita consumption to rise, leading to greater population growth and population density. Increases in population density, in turn, modify the population’s effects on the resource environment through the mechanisms of intensification and degradation. Intensification is defined as “the investment of more soil, water, minerals, or energy per unit time or area” (Harris 1977: 5). As the population of a society increases, and resources become more and more scarce, individuals must increase their resource gathering efforts. Intensification is a positive logistic function of population density. As population density increases, the population increases effort and the resulting harvest proportionately. Density increases beyond this, however, cannot be resolved by greater effort. Intensified use of the land, also leads to environmental degradation. As intensification increases, the rate at which natural resources recover is reduced (due to pollution, soil erosion, etc.). We model environmental degradation with a multiplier in the resource reproduction equation. This multiplier is a negative linear function of intensification. The model also assumes that increasing population densities make for less efficient resource extraction due to decreasing marginal returns to increased labor effort. As crowding increases to twice the baseline level, some additional fertile land is removed from production for residential purposes and nearby resources become depleted, requiring longer procurement trips, and so the efficiency of resource extraction falls to half its baseline level (Diamond 2005). The population-resource dynamics of the local society eventually generate population increases that strain the local resource environment (catchment area). This leads to waves of migration from the local society to the surrounding region. In the SSDR model, this migration sends individuals “into the ether,” so to speak. It is not until the WSDR model is introduced that these individuals leave into an identifiable region and can then feedback on the original society. In either case, outmigration is one way that population levels can be reduced to relieve overcrowding. The other mechanism that can solve this problem is death. At subsistence levels of consumption, and in the absence of internal conflict within the local society, the death rate is a random normal variable with a mean of .02, and a standard deviation of .005. When all else is equal, this model makes the Malthusian assumption that births will slightly exceed deaths, but that the realization of these processes are stochastic. Variations from the normal number of deaths are a function of two processes occurring within the local society: low levels of consumption and internal conflict. Consumption per capita affects the normal death rate directly by multiplying it as resources fall below subsistence levels. At subsistence, the normal death rate is realized; as consumption falls to zero, the death rate grows in a rapid linear fashion. When consumption exceeds subsistence, death rates are reduced in a modest linear fashion. Internal conflict also impacts the number of deaths and is an indirect function of consumption per capita. The model assumes that some small level of internal conflict is normal at subsistence and that death from internal conflict falls gradually to zero as the average standard of living increases. As consumption falls below subsistence to zero, the death rate from internal conflict grows linearly. How does the model detailed above correspond with the solutions to the Lotka-Volterra ecological models? The Lotka-Volterra equations are the foundation for many predator/prey interaction models. The original Lotka-Volterra model has been criticized, however, for its oversimplification (and perhaps distortion) of predator/prey dynamics. This has led to modifications of the original model. We turn now to a discussion of how the SSDR compares with a modified Lotka-Volterra model of predator/prey dynamics. Recall that in our model, humans correspond to the “predators,” and the resources in the environment correspond to the “prey.” When the “classic” Lotka-Volterra equations are modified to accommodate the theoretical assumptions of early sedentary resource usage, we see solutions similar to the one presented in Figure 3. The “classic” model displays cyclical solutions because the predator population is delayed in feeling the effects of change in the prey population and vice versa. The solutions to the modified equations, however, approach a stable asymptote and reach equilibrium population levels. According to ecologist Peter Turchin, because humans are territorial mammals, one would expect the results of a simulated model of their resource usage to reflect the effects of fast time scale feedbacks (Turchin 2009). As the individuals in an animal territory or human society begin to occupy all the available land, and carrying capacity (the maximum amount of individuals that the land can support without incurring negative consequences) is breached, surplus individuals with the lowest survival rates and reproductive prospects (“floaters”) emerge (ibid). These individuals do not have the same access to resources as others. Thus, the “population growth rate is reduced to zero without any time lag” (ibid: 2). Therefore, the population can reach a stable equilibrium in a relatively short amount of time. The solutions to the modified Lotka-Volterra model reach this equilibrium state and are consistent with Turchin’s argument. For our SSDR model, we would expect to see solutions similar to Figure 3, in which Turchin’s resource regrowth curve was used to modify the classic Lotka-Volterra equations. Figure 3: Modified Lotka-Volterra Solution Notice how similar the solution in Figure 3 is to our SSDR model (Figure 4). Ignoring the scale of the variables and noise due to stochastic variation in our model, the forms of the two solutions are nearly identical. Figure 4: SSDR Solution As can be seen in Figure 4 the solutions produced by the SSDR model revolve around a stable equilibrium (μ ≈ 130), much as with the modified Lotka-Volterra solution. The lack of pure stability and presence of noise is due solely to the stochastic variation in the aforementioned variables (e.g. resource reproduction rate, birth rate, death rate, etc.). The consistency between the solutions produced by the modified Lotka-Volterra equations, Turchin’s theoretical argument about human resource interaction, and the results of our single society model is encouraging as we build upon this model. We are ultimately interested in world-system dynamics. How does this solution space change when one models a society as it exists within a larger regional system of societies? The WSDR Model In the SSDR, individuals that migrated out of the original society [hereafter the “local society”] left the system entirely. They could no longer influence the operation of the local society. In the WSDR model, however, individuals migrate out into a region with its own land, resources, and climatic concerns. As such, individuals that migrate will set up their own societies, or perhaps join existing societies in the regional system. What begins as an open and empty expanse of land will eventually fill up with new societies that can feedback on the local society. It is from these dynamics that warfare and circumscription arise in the regional world-system. Our models represent space as a zone of interaction between a local society and a larger regional system. But we do not, at this point, model multiple local societies. Instead, the model in this paper handles space by representing in a single system of relations the interactions between a local society and a larger region that is occupied by a number of other societies. The dynamics in the regional system of societies present in the WSDR are almost identical to those found in the SSDR. As will be noted below, the resource reproduction rate is relatively less productive in the regional system when compared to the local system, and the “local” variable of intensification has been replaced with the “system” level variable of “population pressure.” Otherwise the internal resource and population dynamics of the regional system are the same as the local system. The WSDR simulates the interplay of a local society and a surrounding region of other societies (the regional world-system). The local society and its surrounding region of interacting societies are connected by two processes. Excess population from the original local society migrates to the larger region, relieving population pressures in the local society. However, as the larger surrounding region fills to its limit (“circumscription”), warfare among societies increases and reduces populations in both the local society and the other societies in the larger region. We shall now discuss these two linkages (migration and warfare), as well as their accompanying processes, in greater detail. Migration from the local society to the larger region is driven, much as in the SSDR, by high levels of internal conflict, and by poor material conditions (both of which are results of per capita consumption due to high population density and population pressure in the local society). The consumption levels of the regional system influence the pressure to migrate in the local society. The proportion of the population who are motivated to migrate rises slowly with declining consumption levels. Internal conflict in the local society also increases the readiness of people to migrate out of the local system. The proportion of the local population that is mobilized to migrate is directly proportional to the death rate from internal conflict. Migration occurs by “hiving” or the departure of groups, rather than single individuals. When there is space available in the larger regional system, no migration occurs until a certain percentage of the local population has become mobilized; when migration does occur, the entire disaffected local population moves out in a wave. Migration is inhibited by circumscription in the larger region; as the societies in the larger region attain high population densities, the pressures to migrate from the local society must become greater and greater for a migration to occur. At high enough levels of circumscription, migration from the local society to the regional system is halted. The original population initially occupies a local catchment area, which is assumed to have a somewhat higher carrying capacity (each unit of land in the local system is able to support 50% more people, and resources re-grow at twice the rate) than the surrounding region. This bias towards better resource availability and reproduction in the local society is premised upon the assumption that people will tend to settle first in the most preferable, most resource-rich environments, and will only move into less desirable lands when pressures drive them to do so (Kirch 1984). As was stated above, occasional outmigration from the local society will eventually fill up the regional world-system and bring about a situation of circumscription. As both the local area and the surrounding larger region approach carrying capacity, it becomes more difficult to migrate and warfare increases between the local society and the societies in the larger surrounding area. When the population density of the regional world-system increases beyond carrying-capacity, circumscription increases exponentially. To the degree that the regional system consumption levels are below subsistence levels, the rate of increase is even more rapid. Circumscription halts migration, and causes an increase in intersocietal conflict. These conflicts, collectively termed as warfare, cause deaths in both the local society and amongst the regional system of societies, effectively reducing the population levels and relieving circumscription and population pressures. Warfare among the societies of the regional world-system is initiated at rates proportional to rates of contact between the populations of the local society and the populations of the other societies in the regional world-system under conditions of circumscription. Contact among the two populations is directly proportional to the product of the local and larger region population sizes. Below a threshold point of circumscription, contact between the two populations does not result in conflict. However, as circumscription grows, populations are increasingly unable to move to alternative locations when confronted with outsiders. The rate of conflict initiation, then, is proportional to the product of the two population sizes and the level of circumscription. Once initiated, conflict decays exponentially as combatants are exhausted and/or grievances negotiated. Warfare acts as the second major mechanism of demographic regulation. Deaths from warfare in both the original local society and the societies in the regional world-system are directly proportional to the level of conflict. Thus, in addition to the deaths resulting directly and indirectly from resource constraints, members of the local society may be killed by warfare with the societies in the regional world-system. This modification to the death rate occurs in both the local society and the regional system, and is one of the very few modifications to the original population dynamics of the SSDR. The SSDR model produced results nearly identical to a modified Lotka-Volterra simulation. However, the SSDR treated early human societies as if they existed within a sociocultural vacuum. How will the results change, if at all, once the WSDR has introduced the world-system dynamics of the nasty bottom? Once the regional system of societies is added to the model, world-system level dynamics emerge and the local population no longer reaches a stable equilibrium. Figure 5 displays both the local and regional populations for a span of 5000 iterations (1 iteration = 1 year). During the first few hundred iterations, the local population rises and stabilizes at the same value (μ ≈ 130) as it did in the single society model. Notice that during this period, the regional population slowly ramps towards its own carrying capacity. Once the carrying capacity in the regional system is reached, circumscription emerges. This induces warfare causing both the local population and regional population to engage in high frequency warfare cycles with warfare occurring approximately every 20 iterations. Pressure is built by the growing world-system population density and released by warfare in a stable cyclical fashion. Occasionally, the system breaks out of these high frequency warfare cycles and semi-stable periods of peace emerge. At times, these peace periods can last up to a couple hundred iterations, however, circumscription eventually catches up, inducing the warfare cycles again. Figure 5: WSDR Local and Regional Populations vs. Time Clearly, world-system dynamics introduced by the nasty bottom have significant effects on the qualitative behavior of the model. Recall that the first few hundred years of the WSDR simulation produced results nearly identical to that of a society living in isolation. However, once the regional system reached its own carrying capacity and began to feedback on the local society, a new qualitative solution was reached. Therefore, one must conclude that while a society acting in isolation achieves a stable population equilibrium, a society forced to negotiate interactions with a regional system can become mired in ongoing cycles of warfare and peace/migration. We shall discuss the implications of these results in the sections below. The SSDR, which modeled a single society in isolation, produced results that are strikingly similar to many modified Lotka-Volterra simulations of predator/prey relations amongst territorial mammals. However, when system-level dynamics were introduced with circumscription and warfare, and the local society was forced to interact with a regional system of other societies, a new type of solution emerged. In this model, the local society and regional system interactions oscillate between periods of warfare and peace/migration. Is this a reasonable result to achieve? Both archeaological and ethnographic evidence from hunter-gatherer and simple horticultural societies revealsome cases whereby a regional world-system became mired in cycles of warfare due to population pressure and circumscription. The inhabitants of the Marquesas Islands in the South Pacific (Kirch 1991) or the Yanomamo tribe in The SSDR case of a single society living in isolation is relatively infrequent in human prehistory. It occurs temporarily when a human group first reaches an uninhabited island, but population growth soon leads to the consequences of the nasty bottom. When humans were expanding onto a large uninhabited hemisphere such as the While testing the WSDR model we discovered that its dynamics are quite sensitive to initial conditions given to the local and regional system of societies. These simple societies are heavily dependent on resources provided by the natural environment and so variation in the amount of available land has major effects. Durkheim (1893 (1984); 1958) and a number of human ecological theories have all emphasized the importance of population densities and societal sizes. Denser societies tend to have higher production levels, greater division of labor, and higher rates of technological advance (Johnson and Earle 2000). It follows that spatial and patch ecology may have fundamental effects on the dynamics of early human demographic regulation. For this reason, we conducted a series of experiments in which we varied the amount of land available to the local and regional system of societies and explored the results. We found that patterns of warfare are extremely sensitive to variations in the size of the land areas. When very large amounts of land are available, populations migrate freely and conflict is largely avoided. This is, of course, because circumscription never has an opportunity to emerge when land is in overabundance. Population densities never rise to the point where new residents are discouraged from moving in. While some conflict does exist, it is so rare as to be negligible. As mentioned above, when humans first are moving into an uninhabited hemisphere such as the Americas resource rich land was so readily available as to make serious warfare among different societies relatively rare. Instead, migration was much more common, as societies would avoid the pressures of intensification by moving on once the “low hanging fruit” was picked (Fagan 2000). Lewellen (1992:54) reports that Amazonian Indians who faced little circumscription would still engage in warfare, which is nearly universal, but over revenge and out of boredom vs. over resources and for survival. Such intersocietal conflicts were usually less severe and less frequent than under conditions of population pressure and circumscription. When available land was made overly scarce in the WSDR model, both the local society and the regional system find themselves struggling under much reduced population levels. The local system is in a state of perpetual marginal sustainability, and while it is never wiped out, it is largely unable to find anything resembling a stable population equilibrium. Instead, it fluctuates and cycles at the whim of the stochastic processes (e.g. rainfall variability), in the wars that it is waging against the regional system, and against its own tendency to overpopulate the little land it has been afforded. Warfare is chronic, due to the high levels of population density, and all the societies experience chaotic demographics under these conditions. Our computational simulation of the single society demographic regulator in the SSDR coincides with expected outcomes from the Lotka-Volterra equations. Empirical instances of such isolated societies are rare. Most human societies important interact with neighboring societies. Our simulation of system-level dynamics in the WSDR reveals some of the important mechanisms that regulate population sizes and densities in a regional world-system of interacting societies. A juxtaposition of the results of each of these models reveals the impact and importance of system-level factors such as circumscription and warfare. Simulation experiments involving the manipulation of initial conditions in the model have revealed the importance of land availability in small-scale systems with simple technologies. Our holding technological change and organizational development constant has proved a draconian measure that applies to most societies only when some outside force prevents adjustments to the pressures of population growth. Our next step is to model the conditions under which technological changes such as storage and increases in productivity emerge as well as hierarchy formation and institutions that allow intersocietal cooperation (trade). These conditions will allow for greater population densities, but eventually population growth will again excede the capabilities of these inventions and the conditions of the nasty bottom will begin again. Building human socio-cultural evolution from the bottom up is not just an exercise about the distant past. Basener, Bill and David S. Ross 2005 “Booming and crashing populations and Ester. 1965. The Conditions of Agricultural Growth: The Economics of Agrarian Change under Population Pressure. William E. and Richard C. Diprima. 2003. Elementary Differential Equations and Boundary Value Problems. Carneiro, Robert L. 1970. "A Theory of the Origin of the State." Science 169:733-738. ______. 1978. "Political Expansion as an Expression of the Principle of Competitive Exclusion." Pp. 205- Christopher, Alexis Alvarez, Ben Fierro, Oswin Chan, and Hiroko Inoue. 2008. "Upsweep Inventory: Scale Shifts of Settlements and Polities in World-Systems since the Stone Age." in The Annual Meeting of the International Studies Association. Chase-Dunn, Christopher, E.N. Anderson, and Peter Turchin. 2005. "Global State Formation: Modeling the Rise, Fall, and Upward Sweeps of Large Polities in World History and the Global Future." UC Riverside and the Santa Fe Institute. Christopher and Thomas D. Hall. 1997. Rise and Demise: Comparing World-Systems. Mark N. 1977. The Food Crisis in Prehistory: Overpopulation and the Origins of Agriculture. Paul.1980. The Fates of Nations: A Biological Theory of History. de la Croix, David and Davide Dottori 2008 " Émile 1984. The Division of Labour in Society. Introduction by L. A. Coser. Translated by W. D. Halls. Jared. 2005. Collapse. Brian M. 2000 Ancient Azar. 2006. War in Human Civilization. Hanneman, Robert A. 1988-89 Computer Assisted _________1995 "Discovering Theory Dynamics by Computer Simulation: Experiments on State Legitimacy and Capitalist Imperialism." Pp. 1-46 in Peter Marsden (ed.) Sociological Methodology (with Randall Collins and Gabrielle Mordt). Thomas D. and Christopher Chase-Dunn. 2006. "Global Social Change in the Long Run." in Global Social Change, edited by C. Chase-Dunn and S. Babones. Marvin. 1977. Cannibals and Kings: The Origins of Cultures. 1979. Cultural Materialism: The Struggle for a Science of Culture. Amos H. 1986. Human Ecology: A Theoretical Bert and Edward O. Wilson. 2009. The Superorganism: The Beauty, Elegance, and Strangeness of Insect Societies. Allen W. and Timothy Earle. 2000. The Evolution of Human Societies: From Foraging Groups to Patrick V. 1984. The Evolution of Polynesian Chiefdoms. "Chiefship and Competitive Involution: The Marquesas Islands of Gerhard. 2005. Ecological-Evolutionary Ted. 1992. Political Anthropology. Thomas Robert. 2004. An Essay on the Principle of Population. Edited by P. Appleman. Read, Dwight W. 2002 "A multitrajectory competition model of emergent complexity in human social organization." Proceedings of the ( PNAS) 99, suppl.3:7251-7256 (May 14) Read, Dwight W. and Steven A. Le Blanc 2003 " Population growth, carrying capacity and conflict" Current Anthropology 44,1: 59-85 (February). Stephen K. 1999. Social Transformations: A General Theory of Historical Development. 2007. Evolutionism and Its Critics: Deconstructing and Reconstructing an Evolutionary Interpretation of Human Herbert. [1874-96] 2002. The Principles of Sociology: In Three Volumes. Introduction by J. H. Turner. W.R. 2008. "Synthesizing Secular, Demographic-Structural, Climate, and Leadership Long Cycles: Explaining Domestic and World Politics in the Last Millennium." in The Annual Meeting of the International Studies Association. Peter. 2003. Complex Population Dynamics. 2003. Historical Dynamics: Why States Rise and Fall. ______. 2009. "Long Term Population Cycels in Human Societies." in This Year in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology 2009. Turchin, Peter and Andrey V. Korotayev. 2006. "Population Dynamics and Internal Warfare: A Reconsideration." Social Evolution and History 5:112-147. Turner, Jonathan H. 1995. Macrodynamics: Toward a Theory on the Organization of Human _____. 2003. Human Institutions: A Theory of Societal Evolution. Turner, Jonathan H. and Alexandra Maryanski. 2009. On the Origin of Societies by Natural White, Leslie A. 1943. “Energy and the Evolution of Culture.” American Anthropologist 45(3): 335-356. 2007. The Evolution of Culture: The Development of Civilization and the Fall of Zipf, George K. 1965. Human Behavior and the Principle of Least Effort; an Introduction to Human Ecology. In short, collapses (Diamond 2005) send human societies back to the “nasty bottom,” and this will continue to be the case as long as population growth is an automatic response to the availability of food and other resources. The scientific study of sociocultural evolution has been cleansed of unscientific and unfortunate assumptions about progress and teleology (Sanderson 1990, 2008), and a new generation is examining the similarities, differences and connections between biological and socio-cultural evolution (e.g. Turner and Maryanski 2009). Anthropogenic climate change (e.g. due to deforestation, pollution, etc.) is implicitly in the model under the heading of “Environmental Degradation.” As an example, Patrick Kirch (1991) shows this cycle as revealed in archaeological evidence for the Marquesas Islands. The “normal” birth rate is drawn from a random normal distribution with a mean of .04, and a standard deviation of .01. This is discussed in greater detail below. The ability to store surplus harvest is consequential for early population dynamics. However, storage is a form of technology not available to all early hunter-gatherer and horticultural societies, and thus is not included in our model. It will be added to the next version. It follows that the growth rate constant for the population r = 0.4 - 0.2 = 0.2, which is consistent with empirical evidence (Turchin, personal correspondence). The “classic” Lotka Volterra equations: The modified Lotka Volterra equations: In these equations x is the prey population, y is the predator population, x0 is the initial prey population, b is the birth rate constant for prey, d is the death rate constant for predators, α and γ are the interaction constants, and m is the maximum possible prey population (carrying capacity). This is a two-patch model in which the interacting patches are understood to be an original local society and a larger region containing other societies that interact with the original local society mainly by means of competition for natural resources.	<urn:uuid:b90e1583-3954-4140-88b9-4bf301db5347>	CC-MAIN-2022-33	https://irows.ucr.edu/papers/irows41/irows41.htm	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz	en	0.916459	10,209	2.3125	2

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