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New computational studies could help scientists unpick the knots in real proteins
A new study may help scientists unravel the complex problem of protein folding. The study suggests knotted proteins, which present a particular challenge to folding experts, could be untied with a couple of well-targeted tugs.
Protein function is intimately related to protein folding. The folding process, however, remains something of a mystery and due to its speed is almost impossible to observe. Knotted proteins, discovered relatively recently, are puzzling because it is unclear how they could fold through any of the routes so far identified. Experimentally, it’s also difficult to tell whether a protein that has been denatured is still knotted - or not.
Joanna Sulkowska at the University of California-San Diego in the US and colleagues have now employed computational methods to show that knots in methylotransferase proteins could be unpicked by pulling on exactly the right residues. Using simple equations, they pinpoint the knot and its key residues relative to the protein’s ends. Their molecular dynamics simulations support the idea that pulling in the right places will undo the knot.
’Up to now there was no way to unfold the protein and this paper suggests that, yes, you can untie it, but you need to pull in very particular spots,’ says Sulkowska. ’Then you can study the full folding mechanism.’ The right spots, Sulkowska explains, could act as attachment sites for cantilever tips, which could then be used to untie a knot under an atomic force microscope. She says the method should apply to all knotted proteins so far discovered.
’The work will be important for the interpretation of mechanical unfolding studies,’ says Sophie Jackson, a protein folding expert at the University of Cambridge, UK. But she adds that mechanical unfolding is a ’special case’ - unfolding in thermal and chemical denaturation experiments proceeds by a different route.
Sheena Radford, who studies folding mechanisms at the University of Leeds, UK, thinks the work is intriguing, but leaves plenty to the imagination. ’Although it allows us to see whether you could unknot a protein when you pull it in different directions, I don’t think it answers the question that for me is most fascinating, which is how biology ever knotted it in the first place.’ It’s like asking a three-year-old to untie a shoelace, she says - that may be easy, but re-knotting it will be much harder.
et alJ. Am. Chem. Soc.DOI: /ja102441z | <urn:uuid:8fec0c23-8239-4a78-845e-36c0fe52a210> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.chemistryworld.com/news/protein-folding-knotted-or-not/3003318.article | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.939106 | 560 | 2.8125 | 3 |
If you are looking Do Cats Mourn Other Cats, you are in the right place! Here I will try to answer some questions about Do Cats Mourn Other Cats.
How long will a cat mourn another cat?
It can take anywhere from days to months for a cat to go through these three stages. The ASPCA study had similar findings, stating that all cats who had lost a companion returned to normal within six months.
Do cats know if another cat has died?
While no-one will ever know if a cat understands death, they certainly know that a fellow housemate is missing and that something has changed in the house. The owner’s distress at the loss of a pet may also be communicated to the cat, adding to the confusion it may be feeling.
How can you tell if a cat is grieving?
Change in appetite. Many times, a grieving cat will experience a loss of appetite. Change in energy level. A bereaved cat can become profoundly lethargic or extremely hyper. Searching for the missing friend. Change in vocalization. Increased neediness. Depression. Stress-related health issues.
Can a cat grieve over another cat?
Yes, cats do experience grief at the loss of a another household pet, especially if they had a close-knit bond. Cats are individuals, and just like humans, their process for coping with loss will vary. Pay attention and keep an eye-out for behavioral changes.
What happens when one bonded cat dies?
When one cat in a bonded pair dies, monitor your other cat closely. He must eat, drink and use his litter box as usual. If your grieving cat stops eating for more than 24 hours, seek help from his veterinarian. Watch his sleeping patterns as well.
How do you help another pet when one dies?
Recognize the Signs. Think of all the ways that you’ve seen people deal with loss. Give Them What They Need. Time Your Attention Appropriately. Don’t Rush the Process. Know When Veterinary Attention Is Necessary.
Do cats fight to the death?
So, physical fights are the last resort. Cats will rarely, if ever, kill each other during a physical fight. But the injuries sustained from bite or scratch wounds do have the potential to become infected, and left untreated, these could ultimately lead to a cat’s death.
Do pets mourn the loss of another pet?
Therefore, when another pet dies, surviving pets will typically experience a sense of anxiety or stress. As a reaction to this sudden change in household dynamics, they may even frantically seek out the deceased pet. In many cases, the clinical symptoms of grief in pets will resemble separation anxiety.
What to do after cat dies?
DO make sure that the pet is deceased. Animals often sleep very still for long periods. DO contact your vet as soon as possible. DO place a towel under the tail and mouth of your pet. DO let other pets smell the deceased pet.
Should I get a new cat after one dies?
We strongly recommend giving your surviving cat time to adapt to life without their companion and avoid getting a new cat or kitten straight away. Getting a new cat soon after the death of another cat could cause your pet even more stress.
Do cats understand human crying?
Your cat might not understand human crying, but she’ll gather as many clues as she can and use them to adjust her behavior. Researchers know that reinforcement plays a big role in how your cat decides to react.
Can you separate cats that have been together for years?
A-Whether you should separate the two depends on the cats. If they’re very attached to each other-always stay together, sleep snuggled up against each other, have the same behavior habits, etc. -I’d say they’re close pals and shouldn’t be separated.
What do you not say when a pet dies?
Some things you should not say after the loss of a pet: ‘Don’t cry.’ Crying is part of the grieving process for many people. ‘Get over it.’ Avoid saying anything this harsh because it hurts more than it helps. Telling someone to get over such a loss comes across mean and thoughtless.
What are signs from pets in the afterlife?
Telepathic messages of simple thoughts or feelings. Scents that remind you of the animal. Physical touch (such as feeling an animal jump up on a bed or sofa). Sounds (like hearing an animal’s voice barking, meowing, etc.).
Why does losing a pet hurt so much?
Psychologist Julie Axelrod has pointed out that the loss of a dog is so painful because owners aren’t just losing the pet. It could mean the loss of a source of unconditional love, a primary companion who provides security and comfort, and maybe even a protégé that’s been mentored like a child.
How can you tell which cat is dominant?
A Dominant Cat Might Challenge Another Cat. A Dominant Cat Might Be Physically Aggressive. A Dominant Cat Might Sit on or Mount Another Cat. A Dominant Cat Might Hoard Food or Toys. A Dominant Cat May Spray or Bunt. Territorial Reasons. Fear-Based Aggression.
Why does my cat guard me when I pee?
When a cat is urinating or defecating he feels vulnerable. Cats seek out private places to do their business so that they don’t have to worry about someone sneaking up on them.
Should you let cats fight it out?
Never let the cats “fight it out.” Cats don’t resolve their issues through fighting, and the fighting usually just gets worse. Interrupt aggression with a loud clap of your hands or spray from a water gun. Neuter the cats. Intact males are particularly prone to aggressive behavior.
Do cats mourn their siblings?
If a cat is grieving her lost sibling, it will probably be obvious. She may start frantically looking everywhere to find her absent companion. She may completely abandon her meals and treats. She may go into hiding or start sleeping a lot more.
Do animals know when other animals are dying?
Most vets agree that it’s impossible to know for sure whether or not our pets understand when they’re about to die. However, there are undeniable patterns to some of these stories. Pets often turn inward, shunning attention from others.
Do cats have an afterlife?
Another notable finding: Of 12 different animals presented to the research participants, dogs, cats and horses were rated the most likely to experience an afterlife. Those rated least likely: insects, fish and reptiles.
How long to wait to get a new pet after one dies?
Most experts agree that the time to get a new pet is after you have worked through your grief adequately to be able to look forward to a new pet instead of back at the recently departed one. That process could take a week or two – or many months.
Is there a rainbow bridge for cats?
This bridge is a mythical overpass said to connect heaven and Earth—and, more to the point, a spot where grieving pet owners reunite for good with their departed furry friends. —Washington Post. Just this side of Heaven is a place called the Rainbow Bridge.
How long does it take to mourn a cat?
Symptoms of acute grief after the loss of a pet can last from one to two months, with symptoms of grief persisting up to a full year (on average).
Thank you for reading Do Cats Mourn Other Cats, I hope I have answered all of your questions. Hopefully what I provide is useful. See you next time! | <urn:uuid:877bd88d-5e86-4261-aa07-665e08397a9d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.petworld.id/do-cats-mourn-other-cats/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572198.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815175725-20220815205725-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.944464 | 1,603 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Fringian Fast Shuttle
Within the Distant Fringe, a fast shuttle is usually identified as a general purpose utility smallcraft with a displacement of more than 60 dTons and maneuver-3 drives or better. Frequently they are substantially larger and faster, averaging around 90 dTons. Fast shuttles are most commonly encountered operating as in-system transports, ferrying personnel, supplies and equipment between outposts and settlements located on different worlds within a system.
Selected Example Ships
- Type U class Auxiliary
The convention of declaring a smallcraft of a certain displacement tonnage range as a shuttle is a matter of local tradition. In reality there is no discernible difference between a large launch and a small shuttle.
|This article is missing content for one or more detailed sections. Additional details are required to complete the article. You can help the Traveller Wiki by expanding it.| | <urn:uuid:64f202a2-7c56-4b13-94da-4d12f1e1b712> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wiki.travellerrpg.com/Fringian_Fast_Shuttle | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.916034 | 203 | 2.328125 | 2 |
London is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom and is the largest city in the European Union. It is a diverse and exciting city with several truly marvelous sights and attractions, which make it the world’s most visited city based on international arrivals.
Greater London consists of 32 boroughs. Some major neighborhoods include:
London has a very comprehensive public transport system. Central London remains highly 'walkable'; otherwise, the Tube network and the buses are the most frequently used.
London and surroundings in 7 days (Source: Frommers):
Day 4 & 5
London has a lot to offer, something for everyone’s taste. Refer to the Visit London website for more choices of one day trips. | <urn:uuid:c0337981-47e3-49c5-9811-6a524b58df73> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://eventraveler.com/city/london | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.923386 | 175 | 2 | 2 |
Milk Overflow Shagun Apshagun: Milk has special significance not only in health but also spiritually. Religiously, raw milk is used from offering it on Shivling to keeping it in worship material. Even in Vastu Shastra, milk is associated with many auspicious and inauspicious signs. Milk is considered to be the factor of Moon in Vastu. According to this, falling of boiling milk is very bad omen. It is believed that due to frequent falling of milk on the gas, Chandra Dosh occurs and negative forces enter the house. Let us know what kind of inauspicious signs there are when boiling milk falls.
boiling milk cinauspicious signs of dying- According to Vastu, the repeated falling of boiling milk on the gas has a mental effect on the members of the house. Falling milk increases Chandra Dosha and due to this there is always a situation of tension in the house. It has negative effects mentally as well as financially.
- If a member of the house is going to the bar for some important work and at that time the milk on the gas boils and falls, then it is considered an inauspicious sign. In such a situation, there is a lot of possibility that the work you are going out or not become. Falling of boiling milk also indicates the arrival of some disease.
Disclaimer: The information provided here is based on assumptions and information only. It is important to mention here that ABPLive.com does not endorse any kind of validation, information. Consult the relevant expert before applying any information or assumptions. | <urn:uuid:2f7d6608-1f6b-42a1-bea3-c4ed771427b8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cigened.com/shakun-apshakun-falling-of-boiling-milk-is-considered-inauspicious-it-gives-inauspicious-signs/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.954992 | 336 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Yoshio and the Magic Bowl
The story of Yoshio and the Magic Bowl began back in the year 2000, when we hosted our first Japanese exchange student, Gakuji, in a household that already included two teenage boys.
Our school, Two Mile State School, made a big effort to welcome Gakuji and his friends to Australia. The class 5-6 that I was teaching made 1000 paper cranes based on the story “Sadako and the Thousand Paper Cranes” by Eleanor Coerr, about a young girl dying from radiation exposure after the dropping of nuclear bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki at the close of World War 2. The exchange visits were very much aimed at international understanding and peace and the children responded magnificently to the occasion.
In the aftermath, I began composing the story of Yoshio and his trip back through time, informed by my personal history as a potter. I was trained at Seven Hills College of Art in Brisbane, where potters including Carl McConnell, Robert Forster and Kevin Grealy all influenced my ideas and practice.
My young mind was inspired by the story of two potters from different traditions who became friends and re-invigorated studio pottery all over the world – Bernard Leach and Shoji Hamada.
In 1994, I was fortunate to visit Hamada’s hometown of Mashiko and see the great anagama kilns preserved there. I drew heavily on this experience to set the scene for Yoshio’s visits to the street of the potters.
You can purchase the book at your preferred shop below*
*If you would like to order multiple copies of Yoshio and the Magic Bowl, get in contact with me here for a group discount.
With the introduction of the Australian Curriculum, as educators we were asked to broaden our cultural focus to be more inclusive of Asia and the Pacific. At this time, I pulled out my hand bound copy of the story. It filled a need for resources which:
- Include the culture and history of Japan, one of the Asian nations with strongest ties to Australia.
- Contain a moral code or ethical message.
- Cater to the reading interests of students in late primary and early secondary settings, with adventure, historical content and a touch of the supernatural.
In the secondary setting, as well as for English, Yoshio is also useful for teachers of LOTE in schools which offer Japanese as their second language.
Click here to find a worksheet for use with Yoshio and the Magic Bowl in the classroom. | <urn:uuid:5fdb6034-4552-4cc9-bae5-3722cd5cf9ce> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://zela.com.au/books/yoshio/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.966838 | 528 | 2.34375 | 2 |
To date, phosphorus recovery as struvite in wastewater treatment plants has been mainly implemented on water phases resulting from dewatering processes of the sludge line. However, it is possible to recover struvite directly from sludge phases. Besides minimising the return loads of phosphorus from the sludge line to the water line, placing such a process within the sludge line is claimed to offer advantages such as a higher recovery potential, enhanced dewaterability of the treated sludge, and reduced speed of scaling in pipes and dewatering devices. In the wastewater treatment plant at Leuven (Belgium), a full-scale struvite recovery process from digested sludge has been tested for 1 year. Several monitoring campaigns and experiments provided indications of the efficiency of the process for recovery. The load of phosphorus from the sludge line returning to the water line as centrate accounted for 15% of the P-load of the plant in the reference situation. Data indicated that the process divides this phosphorus load by two. An improved dewaterability of 1.5% of dry solids content was achieved, provided a proper tuning of the installation. Quality analyses showed that the formed struvite was quite pure.
Full-scale phosphorus recovery from digested waste water sludge in Belgium – part I: technical achievements and challenges
A. Marchi, S. Geerts, M. Weemaes, S. Wim, V. Christine; Full-scale phosphorus recovery from digested waste water sludge in Belgium – part I: technical achievements and challenges. Water Sci Technol 1 February 2015; 71 (4): 487–494. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.023
Download citation file: | <urn:uuid:080050ba-63a0-498d-b665-ef974ce8e82f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://iwaponline.com/wst/article-abstract/71/4/487/28554/Full-scale-phosphorus-recovery-from-digested-waste?redirectedFrom=fulltext | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.924064 | 359 | 2.796875 | 3 |
The posting assignment from Boss Lady, also known as my BFF Rey, was pushed to the wayside a wee while back, but she was quick to remind me yesterday that we—she and I—hadn’t yet posted about our favorite Hawaiian author or Hawaiian-themed story. In case you’re not familiar with us (the P.I.s from the Triple Threat Investigation Agency), I’m Linda. Unlike Rey, I do read—huh? Oh, sorry Sunshine.
I decided to go with Matthew Kaopio’s Written in the Sky, penned about a decade ago. It’s a gritty, intense tale—YA, interestingly enough—that revolves around young Ikauikalani, or ‘Ikau, a fourteen-year-old who resides among the Ala Moana Park homeless. He does have a “family”, one created over time, but he’s basically on his own. And life far from safe—he encounters unsavory sorts, like a creepy fellow who offers him drugs and propositions and ghastly gang members who taunt and threaten.
The homeless hold a place in my heart and soul, and this book struck a chord with me. The story is a solid, if not eye-opening read. And it’s not for the weak-hearted; living on the streets can be dangerous, and violent.
“How would you like to be branded like cattle?” the leader whispered. “It only hurts for a short time, then you don’t fell a thing.” The boy trembled as the bright-orange cherry came close to his eyelashes. “What, fag, you scared?” With a burst of energy, the boy let out a long, high-pitched scream. He stepped down hard on someone’s foot and managed to break free. Swinging his bag again, he smacked the gang leader in the eye, knocking the cigarette out of his hand. “Assholes!” the boy yelled. He ran toward the snack bar, loud jeer sounding behind him. “We’re not pau with you, faggot!” the leader called after him. “We’ll be back, you’ll see!” The gang hooted and howled as the boy, exhausted, slumped behind a sea-grape tree, wishing with all of his heavy heart for his grandmother to come back and make this nightmare go away.
We learn how this young teen lives—survives—but also [happily] discover there are kind-hearted people to be found. It’s not hard to envision him people-watching, interacting (with wariness), swimming in the brilliant-blue Pacific, pawing through garbage for food and castoffs, searching for money, and standing his ground, regardless of fear.
What makes him different from countless other ill-starred kids? ‘Ikau can view the future via clouds. Upon hearing from his dead grandmother in a dream to locate Mariah Wong (a name he’s not familiar with), ‘Ikau begins a journey to find himself, as well as use his gifts. As he undertakes this odyssey with an owl spirit guide, he learns about Hawaiian culture and traditions, as well as his family’s history.
For those of you unfamiliar with Matthew Kaopio, he became a mouth-brush artist and writer while undergoing rehabilitation for a severe spinal injury that occurred while swimming; it left him a quadriplegic. His first book was Hawaiian Family Legends. I’ve not yet checked it out, but I understand it “combines ancient Hawaiian oral storytelling with modern-day painting”. Written in the Sky, interestingly enough, incorporates Kaopio’s own experiences in Ala Moana Park during the rehabilitation process and is also based on a 2004 Master’s thesis in Pacific Island Studies.
One last fascinating fact: he was also a skilled chanter.
“Chanting and poetry are ways of harnessing the spiritual and magical power of the spoken word.”
Sadly, this talented man is no longer among us, but his wonderful works carry on. | <urn:uuid:233e5161-cc5c-4b11-a2da-2e7a4c74c425> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thewritersgrabbag.com/tag/hawaiian-family-legends/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.967842 | 894 | 1.554688 | 2 |
We would like to take a moment to showcase all of the incredulous parents, adult patients AND their doctors from esteemed medical organizations around the world. They are now astonished believers. Our thanks for your belief in such an unexpected and unintended medical discovery by Dr. Miles Weinberger, MD.
Fact: Cough is the #1 reason that Americans go to the doctor. You might call it your "lingering," "awake," or "daytime," dry cough. This cough has been known since 1685 as "habit cough." Fact: The symptoms of what is properly known as "habitual cough," or "habit cough" were first described by Hippocrates. HERE Fact: The only treatment (not a cure) for cough today, via the CDC/NIH is just honey & sugar. HERE! Nothing has changed for cough since the 8th century. (medieval times) It was sugar & honey then too! Cough cure fact: After hiding in plain sight for thousands of years, the renowned, 40 year, cough cure researcher from University of Iowa, Dr. Miles Weinberger, MD, "unexpectedly" & "unintentionally" discovered a "habit cough" cure via-telemedicine. The cure is non-pharmacological. It utilizes a simple behavioral technique.
He now provides, at no cost, his peer reviewed publications for what has been diagnosed in children and adults since 1685 as "habitual cough". Treatment for habit cough occurs simply by watching a free, "peer reviewed and published" YouTube documentary, anywhere in the world. Read all the cough cure stories, from renowned, worldwide medical center doctors HERE.
To those who have witnessed children as young as 3 and adults with over 25 years of unexplained, mystery, chronic cough being instantly and permanently cured ~ pretty impressive; huh?
Believe me, whenever we speak, (normally after another amazing, instant and permanent cure) he and I are part of the "incredulous factor" that has become our daily lives.
Here are some of the formerly incredulous people and organizations:
#JohnsHopkinsMedicine. - The pediatric pulmonology team was so shocked and astounded by the instant and permanent cure of one of their patients, that they could not wait for Dr. Weinberger to provide them with his most requested presentation. It must have been an awesome Zoom call. I told Dr. Weinberger that if all of their microphones we unmuted, there would be countless gasps and rounds of applause.
#NewYorkMedicalCollege (NYC), #ChildrensNationalHospital, #RutgersHealth, #KaiserPermanente, #NemoursChildrensHealth, #BalboaNavalHospital, #MayoClinic, #TexasChildrensHospital, #NemoursChildrensHospital, #ChildrensHealthIreland, #BostonChildrensHospital, #RadyChildrensHospital (San Diego), #TexasPediatricSpecialties, #DellChildrensHospital, #InovaFairfaxHospital (Virginia), #BeaumontHealth (Michigan), #Allergy&AsthmaAssociates (Nevada), #OchsnerHealth (New Orleans), #SpireHealthcare (UK), #KaniksuHealthServices (Idaho), #MeyerChildrensHospital (Italy), #MenziesSchoolofHealthResearch (Australia), #HospitalHumbertoNotti (Argentina), #NuffieldHealthCambridge, #NovantHealthPediatricPulmonology, #BeaconHospital, #KingsCollegeHospital, #VCUHealth, #BostonChildrensHealthPhysicians, #NationwideChildrensHospital, #ChildrensRespiratoryCriticalCareSpecialists, #SleepAndChildrensPulmonaryCenter, #TillsonburgFamilyPhysicians, #GullaneMedicalPractice, #ProHealthPhysicians, #PediatricAssociates, #BrennerChildrensEmergency, #WythenshaweHospital, #SutterHealth, #CentraCareStCloudHospital, #AllergyPartnersOfNevada, #VCUDepartmentOfPediatrics, #ClínicaDoutoresDaCriança & more!
Click HERE to read all of the unsolicited stories of children and adults (as well as families) instantly returning back to their wonderful lives.
Cured in minutes and sometimes seconds from days, weeks, months, years and even decades of mystery, unexplained, daytime, awake "horror cough".
The world says, "So thank you, truly from the bottom of my heart," to Dr. Miles Weinberger, MD, and all of the medical doctors around the world who are believers in his brilliant work. | <urn:uuid:3f805e09-9081-4fd1-9b54-75b79e7946d0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.habitcough.com/post/incredulous-factor | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.939342 | 992 | 1.804688 | 2 |
This include the introduction of different types of home friendly beautiful natural flowers and lawn care.
Gardener Job Description
Our gardeners will be responsible for all general maintenance tasks related to the garden including planting new trees, servicing garden machinery, and conducting regular pruning of plants.
To succeed in this role, you should be physically fit and able to manage small and heavy machinery, and possess in-depth knowledge of effective gardening techniques.
- Maintain and grow the garden to ensure it meets specific requirements and expectations.
- Perform basic maintenance such as mowing the lawn and disposing of garbage.
- Plant and nurture new trees and flowers.
- Work with hand tools and basic light machinery such as plant vehicles, and small diggers.
- Service all garden equipment and machinery.
- Provide guidance to management on matters related to the garden.
- Advise management on the costs of plants and garden necessities with detailed written quotations and reports.
- High school diploma or equivalent.
- At least 2 years’ proven experience in a similar role.
- Ability to handle a range of horticultural machinery and powered hand tools.
- In-depth knowledge of plants and gardening techniques.
- Friendly personality with excellent interpersonal skills.
- Solid understanding of health and safety rules and legislation. | <urn:uuid:35d6b0ca-e14c-4531-b6b8-6cab21f5a86b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.mariamagdaenterprises.cm/gardening/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571536.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811224716-20220812014716-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.881872 | 277 | 2.5 | 2 |
articles, documentary, BYU, teaching, research
The following is part 3 of a three-part series of articles written by S. Kent Brown, executive producer of Messiah: Behold the Lamb of God, a Neal A. Maxwell Institute, BYU Broadcasting, and Religious Education production. BYU Television will air the seven-part documentary beginning on January 10, 2010. Copies will be available for purchase in the spring. This third article reviews unusual occurrences tied to the early filming in Egypt and Israel.
Brown, S. Kent
"Behind the Messiah Documentary,"
Insights: The Newsletter of the Neal A. Maxwell Institute for Religious Scholarship: Vol. 29:
6, Article 1.
Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/insights/vol29/iss6/1 | <urn:uuid:24b237ed-2c3b-42d6-8d02-50ef1b09aa5d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/insights/vol29/iss6/1/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.876649 | 184 | 2.359375 | 2 |
Some back pain is inevitable. But if quality of life has become compromised, you can’t perform daily functions or have new weaknesses, this may be a sign of something more serious, said Clay Elswick, MD, a spinal neurosurgeon at Medical City Arlington.
More intense back pain can perhaps be indicative of a larger concern such as a neurological compromise or spinal cord compression that will sometimes manifest itself with the following symptoms:
- Lost feeling in the leg
- Numbness in the leg
- Shooting pain in the thigh or leg
- Compromise of bowel or bladder functions
For more mild non-inflammatory, chronic back pain, heat may help relieve some of the symptoms such as tension on the muscles. And for inflammatory back pain with more acute lumbar strain, try ice on your back to reduce the swelling. Anti-inflammatory drugs, such as Advil and Naproxen, may be helpful but be sure to follow the directions, take the medication with food, and only if you don’t have a sensitive stomach.
At Medical City Healthcare, we’re dedicated to the care and improvement of human life. So we hope you’ll Take Care!
Have an idea for a Take Care video topic? Email us with your suggestion. | <urn:uuid:3ca056f7-97a6-476e-96bf-bdc8baaad572> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://medicalcityhealthcare.com/blog/entry/how-to-know-when-back-pain-is-serious | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.908115 | 274 | 1.695313 | 2 |
ONLY SON OF GHANAIAN IMMIGRANTS
BY TONY KWAME ANSAH, JR
I, Tony, was born outside of my parents’ country of origin, Ghana. Therefore, I’m a second-generation child of African immigrants, which is roughly one-fifth (18%) of the overall black population in the U.S. In other words, a first generation Ghanaian-American. We all have unique stories to tell. Well, here’s mine to share with you. Enjoy!
As a child of American Immigrants from Ghana, I had the opportunity and pleasure to travel and visit the land of my ancestry many times and know of others who have done the same. I went to Ghana for the first time when I was only a few months old, which is probably quite rare for most American infants and toddlers. After this early childhood moment, my parents travelled to Ghana almost every 2 years afterwards and brought me along with them. Some of my Ghanaian-American peers experienced the same and others have never been to Ghana at all.
In between these years of travel and tour, my family had a small convenience store in the USA where they sold West African goods and foods as well as provided other essential services. I recall their being other African stores nearby and out of state too, which was great to see business owners from Africa.
I was a son raised on cream cornmeal finger food, red hot pepper sauce, and silver sardine cuisines who learned how to handle and manage money at a very young age. Not too many fellow Ghanaian-Americans of the 1990s could say the same. But I was able to do so ahead of my peers in elementary school days off campus grounds at Linda’s Market on Mineral Spring Avenue in Rhode Island. Shout out to mom and dad for teaching me how to play monopoly with real money!
Personally, I spent a lot of hours and days at my parent’s store and saw many fellow Africans of different nationalities and other ethnicities patronize our family establishment. I did everything from inventory, cashiering, to depositing funds into the business account of our family operation. My half Ashanti and half Akwapim hands touched and exchanged money to sell products and provide services until early adulthood.
When I was studying history in undergrad school, I got introduced to politics and economics. I read and saw the negative effects that British colonialism in Ghana had on my family tree. Whereby, my parents, relatives and others sought greener pastures in North America because Ghana was in a regressive state, especially in the 1970s and throughout most of the 20th century. As a result, little Ghanaian communities began to emerge all over the Americas, mostly in Massachusetts, New York, and New Jersey.
After roughly 2 years of chewing and consuming African literature, I decided to go study about Africa in Ghana. I was lucky enough to find and join a study abroad program to continue my education about African history and politics. My original plan was to go for 1 year and soak in as much information as possible. However, I stayed longer than expected and was there for 2 years altogether. I must say that I enjoyed my stay for the most part. Meanwhile, wealthy Ghanaian kids born and raised in Ghana were studying abroad at institutions of higher learning in the USA.
During that span of time, I got a clear understanding about the past and present history of Ghana and other parts of Africa too. It was obvious to me that my place of birth was very different than the land of my ancestry. Things that I took for granted like drinking clean water, using faucet water, flushing toilet water, cooking food on stove, heating food in microwave, storing food in fridge, having electricity on 24/7, and so on were all a luxurious privilege in America, but not quite the case in most parts of Ghana.
Although times have changed since I last stepped foot on Ghanaian soil ten years ago, advancement towards many natives enjoying a life full of basic amenities on a regular basis is still lack luster to say the least. Fortunately, there’s a wealthy middle class of high-net-worth individuals and families, but they’re a very small minority.
I look forward to the future when the old guard passes the baton of leadership to the next generation of sharp and smart visionaries. I envision/foresee Ghana and other African nation-states having fully connected, semi connected, or totally disconnected tribes’ home and abroad who are either aggressive or passive about taking strategic action steps towards sustainable solutions. As for me, I plan to be fully connected until further notice. Amen!
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Tony K Ansah, Jr. is a self-published author, a public administrator by profession, and a social entrepreneur based in Rhode Island, U.S.A. He is also the founder and owner of Ansah Africa, a consulting and marketing startup established in 2017.
Email: firstname.lastname@example.org or email@example.com | <urn:uuid:45da4d90-b2ca-4c61-a664-b00504ee97e2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tonyansah.medium.com/only-son-of-ghanaian-immigrants-923150c14c49?source=post_internal_links---------5---------------------------- | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.97269 | 1,052 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Why your child should see an orthodontist at age 7
Most children begin losing baby teeth (and parents get to start playing tooth fairy!) around age 6, and their last teeth are gone by age 10 to 12. Many parents then start assessing how straight their kids’ teeth look or asking their dentist if there are problems that warrant seeing an orthodontist.
The first checkup
But the middle school years, when many people remember having braces themselves, are actually late to start visiting an orthodontist. In fact, the American Association of Orthodontists recommends a first checkup with an orthodontist happen no later than age 7.
Why see an orthodontist
Crooked teeth aren’t the primary reason kids should see an orthodontist: While straight teeth are certainly a reason many people seek treatment, it’s more important to stave off health or speech issues, according to Healthline.
Teeth are one of the vital parts of the anatomy. Called articulators, they help enable speech, according to WebMD. Other important parts are the jaw and tongue. If any are out of alignment, a child may have speech problems. Overcrowded teeth, gapped teeth, open bites, and overbites can all affect language production.
In addition to issues that need to be addressed early, misaligned teeth can cause health problems later in life. For example, because it can be hard to floss and brush between crooked teeth, the lack of effective cleaning can cause tooth decay and gum disease, according to Healthline. If gum disease is left untreated, it can lead to a serious infection called periodontitis, which can damage bones and teeth.
Misaligned teeth can also cause digestion problems because the person doesn’t chew properly.
“Crooked teeth can also cause excess wear and tear on the teeth, gums, and jaw muscles, resulting in cracked teeth, jaw strain, temporomandibular joint disorder, and chronic headaches,” according to Healthline.
Taking children to an orthodontist while they have some baby teeth and some permanent teeth allows the orthodontist to gather information and spot signs of problems early. Some children may show signs of needing future treatment, while a few may have a problem that requires early treatment, according to the American Association of Orthodontics.
“Early treatment can be in a patient’s best interests if their problem is one that could become more serious over time if left untreated,” according to the AAO. “The goal of early treatment is to intercept the developing problem, eliminate the cause, guide the growth of facial and jaw bones, and provide adequate space for incoming permanent teeth. A patient may require a second course of treatment after all permanent teeth have come in to move those teeth into their best positions.”
Issues to look for
The kinds of issues that may warrant this early approach include underbites, crossbites, crowded teeth, excessively spaced teeth, extra or missing teeth, and teeth that meet abnormally or not at all. In addition, if a child sucks a thumb, finger, or pacifier and it’s affecting tooth or jaw growth, early intervention may be needed.
Early treatment could include the use of an appliance or the removal of some baby teeth, which could help permanent teeth grow in better.
“Regardless of how treatment goals are reached, the bottom line is that some orthodontic problems may be easier to correct if they are found and treated early,” according to the AAO. “Waiting until all the permanent teeth have come in, or until facial growth is nearly complete, may make correction of some problems more difficult.”
Choose your orthodontic expert carefully
Recent advancements have made it possible for skilled orthodontists to use Invisalign to treat young kids. Kids orthodontic issues can be treated in 6-10 months with just a few appointments, without bulky appliances. Parents are advised to seek a highly experienced Invisalign provider to provide this shorter, more comfortable option for early treatment.
Around the time your child turns 7, make an appointment with the specialists at Trinity Orthodontics, the #1 provider of Invisalign in the region, for a free consultation. For more information, visit trinityorthodontics.com. | <urn:uuid:48578f91-8379-4f8c-a2ed-8dde247de7fb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://trinityorthodontics.com/why-your-child-should-see-and-orthodontist-at-age-7/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.935883 | 914 | 2.734375 | 3 |
ISLAMABAD: Foreign Minister Shah Mahmood Qureshi on Saturday presented a dossier containing details of India’s state-sponsored terrorism being carried out in Pakistan.
Addressing a press conference along with Director-General Inter-Services Public Relations Major General Babar Iftikhar at the Foreign Office, the foreign minister said he will present “irrefutable facts” before the nation and international community through this dossier.
The press conference comes a day after the ISPR said that the Pakistan Army inflicted substantial losses on Indian troops. It had also said that the losses were also reported by the Indian media and over 15 fifteen had been killed in the skirmishes.
He stated India was sabotaging the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and is supporting terrorism in Pakistan. “India cannot tolerate Pakistan’s success against terrorism,” said the foreign minister. “Indian intelligence agencies are today supporting terrorist groups defeated and outlawed by Pakistan.”
He said Indian agencies have tried its best to fan terrorism across Pakistan and recent terrorist attacks in Quetta and Peshawar are the latest examples of such activities. He said Indian agencies through their subversive activities want to reverse Pakistan’s success against terrorism.
Qureshi warned that there will be an upsurge in terrorist activities in Pakistan and the focus will be on the major urban centres of the country. He named Indian intelligence agencies, RAW and DIA, which are financing, training, and harbouring terrorists to create instability in Pakistan.
“You are seeing there is a pattern that they are constantly carrying out ceasefire violations,” said Qureshi, adding that the dossier has many details but some things are missing and will be used at the “time of need”. He said “The world knows that when Pakistan was busy and partnering in world peace, India was surrounding Pakistan with a web of terrorism,” said the foreign minister.
He added that New Delhi not only used its own soil but also made use of neighbouring countries to attack Pakistan. The foreign minister said that India used to claim itself as the world’s biggest democracy but had become a “rogue state” due to its actions. “We have information and evidence on which we can say that India is promoting state terrorism,” said Qureshi. He added that India has developed a plan to destabilise Pakistan and wants to sabotage CPEC.
He said India is also not sparing any opportunity to destabilise Pakistan on the economic front which is evident from the fact that New Delhi tried its best to push Islamabad to the blacklist of Financial Action Task Force (FATF) when the entire world was appreciating Pakistan’s efforts to curb terrorism.
The foreign minister and the military spokesperson presented a dossier detailing India’s involvement in terror attacks in Pakistan. Multiple video clips and audio clips, along with documents, were presented of Indian handlers and terrorists communicating with each other and Indian intelligence handlers passing on instructions to terrorists in Pakistan.
Major General Babar Iftikhar, giving details of Indian involvement in terrorist activities in Pakistan, said India embraced all terrorist organisations soon after they were defeated in Pakistan.
He said Indian intelligence agencies are trying to establish a consortium of terrorist organizations by unifying dissidents of Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), Baloch Liberation Army (BLA), Balochistan Liberation Front (BLF) and Baloch Republican Army (BRA).
Elaborating further, he said an Indian intelligence officer Colonel Rajesh employed at Indian Embassy in Afghanistan is the master planner and a letter reveals that he has held four meetings with commanders of these terror outfits to synergise their efforts and upscale terrorist activities in metropolitan cities in November and December 2020.
He further said that India is trying to establish a linkage between Pakistan and the militant Islamic State (IS) by creating ‘Daesh-e-Pakistan’. He made it clear that Pakistan has the capacity to protect CPEC projects and has deployed two divisions of security personnel.
The spokesperson said India has provided funding worth Rs22 billion to terrorist organisations in the last three years. He said a cell under the direct supervision of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi is working to sabotage China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. He said so far Rs80 billion rupees have been allocated and a militia of 700 people has been raised to disrupt CPEC projects.
He said India has also been providing weapons and ammunition to Altaf Hussain Group. He said weapons worth $0.62 million were provided to the group on one such occasion and the onfessional statement of Ajmal Pahari validates it. He said Indian intelligence agencies are managing 87 terrorist camps out of which 66 are located in Afghanistan whereas 21 are located in India. | <urn:uuid:1ccd1601-045a-4692-b59b-e6f163780c13> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mmnews.tv/pakistan-presents-dossier-indian-state-terrorism/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.96873 | 978 | 1.570313 | 2 |
One of the important parts of the car is the suspension, and the main component of the suspension is the shockbreaker or often called the shock absorber. When should the shockbreaker be replaced? What are the signs that it’s time to replace the shockbreaker? Find out the answer by reading this article to the end. Shockbreaker functions as its name implies, namely shock absorbers, so this part plays an important role in driving comfort. This shock absorber is what makes the car feel safe and comfortable when going through bumpy roads. In addition, this suspension component also plays a role in driving safety, so that its condition needs special attention and care.
Function and Type of Shockbreaker
There are two types of shockbreakers, namely shock absorbers and struts. In modern cars, usually the shock absorber is on the rear wheel and the strut type is on the front wheel. However, there are some cars that use a strut on each wheel. The difference between a shock absorber and a strut is the design where the strut combines the spring and the shock absorber, while the shock absorber is only a shock absorber.
Many have misunderstood the function of this shock aborber, especially among the layman. Not a few people think it functions to make the car swing when it passes through uneven roads or holes. Even though this function is played by springs or springs which can be in the form of a coil or a plate. Meanwhile, the task of the shock breaker is to reduce the effects of excessive swing or shock generated by the spring. The result is that the car swings but in the right amount, so as to make car passengers feel comfortable.
The shock absorber and strut work continuously whether the car is moving or stationary. This section will only rest when the car is lifted by a jack or lift in a garage or car wash. Because of the continuous function of supporting the car, the shock breaker has a limited service life. So, inevitably, at a certain age and mileage, it must be replaced with a new one.
How long is the life of a Shockbreaker?
In normal conditions where the car is often used daily, the life of the shockbreaker is 4 to 5 years. However, if the car is rarely used or only goes through smooth roads, the shockbreaker age can reach 10 years. If the car often passes through potholes, let alone often driven at high speed on uneven roads, the life of the shockbreaker can be shorter. For example, only 3 years have to be replaced. So the service life cannot be used as a fixed standard to determine whether the shockbreaker should be replaced or not. What is more decisive is its performance in providing driving comfort.
What is the Mileage to Replace Shockbreaker?
Some experts use the mileage parameter to determine the health of shockbreakers and struts, which is 50,000 miles or about 80,000 km. This may be determined by the general condition of most cars that are driven more frequently on good roads. As with service life, mileage is not a definite parameter. But at least it can be a reference for the schedule to check the shockbreaker with an expert technician if it has reached the age and mileage.
Does Shockbreaker ask to be replaced?
Symptoms of reduced shockbreaker performance are characteristics that are more appropriate as standards for determining when shockbreakers should be replaced. Here are the conditions that tell us, to check and replace the shockbreaker:
Excessive Swing – The car swing feels softer than usual, reducing self-confidence when driving, especially when cornering. When traveling on bumpy or potholes, the car swings left and right until it takes longer to stabilize.
Noise – Noises from the rear suspension can also be a sign that the shock absorber is no longer functioning properly.
Unbalanced Car Level – When placed on a flat floor, the car becomes tilted, the distance between the tires and the fender of each wheel is different. That is a sign that a shockbreaker has asked to be replaced.
Shockbreaker oil comes out or seeps out – In a shockbreaker with liquid fluid, it is easier to identify the condition of the damage by the presence of oil seepage that comes out, which means that there is already a leak.
Uneven Wear Tires – If one tire has a dead tire, while another tire is not. It is a sign that the shockbreaker has been broken for a long time.
After knowing the importance of the role of the shockbreaker in driving comfort and safety, we should pay attention to the health of this section. Here are some suggestions that might be useful in maintaining the health of your car shockbreaker:
1. Avoid potholes as much as possible.
2. Drive at low speed on potholes.
3. Check the condition of the car feet regularly to qualified technicians.
4. Put shockbreaker checks on the routine service agenda, especially every 10,000 km.
5. Use shockbreaker according to manufacturer’s standards and recommendations. | <urn:uuid:12127e9a-a825-4a24-8980-0cf3091c3972> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thequinsrfc.com/signs-its-time-to-replace-a-car-shockbreaker-how-long-is-the-life-of-a-shockbreaker.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.934693 | 1,043 | 2.59375 | 3 |
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The stereograph features a black and white image from above the falls. A walkway runs along the fall's edge with a tower (Terrapin Tower) behind it. Four men (approximately) stand along the walkway and atop the tower. The image is mounted on a white card with squared edges.
Justice Frank J. and Virginia Williams
Approximate Creation Date
3 1/2 X 6 13/16 inches
Materials and Techniques Display
albumen print on paper card
verso, handwritten at right: Charlotte H. Harrington / No. 36
Niagara Falls (N.Y. and Ont.); Waterfalls--New York (State)
[Physical ID#]: [Title], Frank and Virginia Williams Collection of Lincolniana, Mississippi State University Libraries.
Copyright protected by Mississippi State University Libraries. Use of materials from this collection beyond the exceptions provided for in the Fair Use and Educational Use clauses of the U.S. Copyright Law may violate federal law. Permission to publish or reproduce is required.
Frank and Virginia Williams Collection of Lincolniana (Mississippi State, Mississippi, United States)
Mississippi State University Libraries.
Mississippi State University Libraries (electronic version).
For more information about the contents of this collection, email email@example.com. | <urn:uuid:c7248d0c-58fc-44f1-8baf-e44e91889214> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/fvw-artifacts/531/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.766471 | 348 | 2.21875 | 2 |
This Synthesis Report presents the main findings of the EMN Study on Attracting and retaining international students in the European Union (EU).
The study aimed to explore the national policies and practices in Member States to attract and retain third-country national students. It examined the incentives in place at national level to encourage international students to study in EU Member States and to stay on in the Member State following graduation. It further explored the admission conditions in place in the Member States and the extent to which those conditions facilitated the attraction and retention of international students.
In light of the recent transposition of the Students and Researchers Directive, the Study also aimed to capture the way in which Member States transposed the relevant provisions of this Directive, with regard to international students. Furthermore, the study collected information to provide a brief overview of the bilateral and multilateral cooperation agreements with third countries covering international students. Finally, it aimed to illustrate common challenges and good practices developed by Member States with regard to the attraction and retention of international students.
This Synthesis Report was prepared on the basis of National Contributions from 25 EMN NCPs according to a Common Template developed by the EMN and followed by EMN NCPs to ensure, to the extent possible, comparability.
- Attracting and retaining international higher education students: Ireland
- Attracting and Retaining International Students in the EU: EMN InformAttracting and Retaining International Students in the EU: EMN Inform
- How do EU Member States Attract and Retain International Students? EMN Flash #7
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, UK | <urn:uuid:7dac0181-1eea-4437-b3d0-78bb716966ae> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://emn.ie/publications/attracting-and-retaining-international-students-in-the-eu-emn-synthesis-report/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.921129 | 381 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Learn, Earn, and Return
Donors Kent and Barbara Michie aim to empower the next generation through generosity.
Neither Kent nor Barbara Michie attended BYU-Idaho or Ricks College. But they now regularly donate to BYU-Idaho, and the university is even part of their estate planning. It all goes back to a motto Kent picked up—something that has become a pattern for their lives: First you learn, then you earn, and then you return.
“The ’return’ in ‘learn, earn, and return’ doesn’t mean you die and go to heaven,” Kent says. “It means you return some of your prosperity and you give some of the excess back to the people who provided your education.”
Kent and Barbara met in a Sunday School class in the Salt Lake Valley after they’d both graduated from college. Barbara had come to Brigham Young University in Provo, nearly 2,200 miles from her hometown in New York, despite not being a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints at the time. She joined the Church, and for her and Kent, their educational experiences were life changing.
“Brigham Young said, ‘Education is the power to think clearly, the power to act well in the world’s work, and the power to appreciate life,’” Kent says. “We’ve been greatly blessed because we were empowered by education, and because of that, we’ve been able to value and appreciate life.”
Kent worked in investing and served in the military. Then he moved on to public finance before being appointed as Utah’s commissioner of insurance in Governor Jon Huntsman’s cabinet. Meanwhile, Barbara worked as a teacher and as the mother to their four children.
“When we retired, Barbara and I went on our mission to Finland, where I’d served when I was younger,” Kent says. “When we got back from Helsinki, we were almost immediately asked to serve a Church service mission for BYU-Idaho.”
The Michies’ assignment? To find internships for BYU-Idaho students in Salt Lake City. In that role, they interacted with dozens of students as they pursued their professional and academic goals. They quickly realized how BYU-Idaho was blessing and preparing students from around the world.
“One of the greatest couples we met was from Bangalore, India,” Kent recalls. “They were both born into the lowest caste. They came to BYU-Idaho and both graduated in accounting.
They’ve had so many curveballs thrown at them throughout their lives, and these wonderful Church members need these opportunities to be empowered.”
As their BYU-Idaho mission came to a close, the Michies knew they wanted to make a difference for the sort of students they’d worked with.
When they looked at their estate, they realized they had an opportunity to make a lasting difference, so they joined the BYU-Idaho Legacy Society and established a deferred gift to the university.
“I’m not this great big philanthropist,” Kent says. “But I’ve been greatly blessed in my life with good careers that were given to me because I was empowered by education. Giving is a form of gratitude, but it’s also a form of valuing life.”
The Michies know BYU-Idaho is a place where their donation can make a significant difference - not just in the immediate future but for generations to come. If you too subscribe to a philosophy of “learn, earn, and return,” you can establish a deferred gift and join the BYU-Idaho Legacy Society. Simply contact David Smith at the Philanthropies Department via email or telephone 801-356-5251.
“We believe in the Church and in its educational programs,” Kent says. “They’re good programs, and they are worthy of our support. They help empower the young people of the Church so they can go forward and do the same thing for others.” | <urn:uuid:7da19d28-f4ab-424b-b082-f7bc1e9955cc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://philanthropies.churchofjesuschrist.org/byu-idaho/news-features/learn-earn-return | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.98116 | 875 | 1.5 | 2 |
Welcome AWESome EarthKind People!
Today we going to shift focus from the fossil fuel ENERGY consumption that is responsible for about 90% of the climate crisis –
And look at the PRODUCTS that are also made with Fossil Fuels – namely, PLASTICS.
in the 1967 watershed movie. The Graduate, an older gentleman gives a young college student some advice:
“The Future is Plastics, Son”.
For the youth of the 1960s – and still today – “Plastic” meant fake, artificial, & unnatural. The statement “The future is plastics” was code for all the things that needed to be changed. The older man in the movie thought he was providing good advice to the student, but the young audience took that as a statement for what NOT to do.
Isn’t it ironic that 50 years later we don’t prefer plastic jewelry and other “fake” possessions – but we’re still living with plastics EVERYWHERE.
The most easily seen environmental issue on this planet is the continuous use of plastics. Virtually all plastics come from fossil fuels, and they end up in landfills, or in the oceans, and everywhere else for hundreds – or even thousands – of years…
We all have the power to choose what we bring inside our homes. And there’s are a lot of ways to recycle plastics into something more sustainable for both our lives and the planet’s.
Andrea Fox is the host of the Age of Plastic Podcast – an environmental podcast with tips on how to live plastic free. Andrea tackles big ethical issues in the hope of overcoming the climate change overwhelm and the guilt from our use of single-use plastics.
Andrea believes that there are ways we can live life more sustainably. There are so many things we are able to do without even lifting a finger to be more sustainable and to live in a slightly more waste-free, plastic-free life.
If you’d like to create MORE real change TODAY – pick up the phone and multiply your climate impact by a factor of 1,000 with #CodeRedClimate & CodeRedCongress.com. The best part of the Build Back Better bill in Congress is not only that it create millions of jobs and a stronger and healthier clean energy economy & environment – But it will be paid for by taking back just part of the $7 Trillion in Tax breaks that the last administration gave their billionaire friends.
And, if you are tired of rising energy costs and want to save up to 70% on your energy bills, Go to www.AWESomeEarthKind.com and download one of the FREE special web events that will show you exactly how to get geothermal heating and cooling installed in your home. | <urn:uuid:1784b8e5-d018-49c7-90cd-e0306cbc1fb7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://earthkindenergy.com/age-of-plastic/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.936508 | 575 | 2.59375 | 3 |
SDS | SDS
What is Private Cloud, and is it Right for You?
In the era of cloud computing, just about everyone has heard of the terms “private cloud” and “public cloud”. Chances are, you are using one or both of them in your everyday life—but how much do you really know about them? If you had the chance, could you build a private cloud for yourself or your organization? GIGABYTE Technology, an industry leader in server solutions used by global cloud service providers, is pleased to present our latest Tech Guide. We will examine the difference between private and public clouds, introduce the private cloud’s advantages and limitations, and then introduce GIGABYTE products that may help you build and operate a private cloud of your own.
Storage Systems are Extremely Important for Business Continuity
In an era of increasing technological advancement, an important issue for enterprises and the key to maintaining business continuity is how to prevent important data from being accidentally lost due to human error, deliberately deleted or even stolen.
[Video] VirtualStor: Maximize your storage efficiency using software-defined storage | <urn:uuid:39998978-c782-410f-b9b7-440989c9a3da> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.gigabyte.com/jp/Glossary/sds | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.937902 | 250 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Librarians prepare to continue efforts to ban books
LEWISTON — This school year — for the first time in Gena Marker’s 14 years as a librarian — two books have been pulled from her shelves.
Marker, the librarian at Centennial High School in Boise, was able to hand over these books – Gender Queer: A Memoir by Maia Kobabe and This book is gay by Juno Dawson – to an LGBTQ teenager who deeply appreciated them. But this school year, Marker won’t have the same opportunity because those titles are now banned on campus.
Marker moderated a panel discussion on Book Challenges, Censorship, and Student Service Wednesday at the Idaho Commission for Libraries Summer Summit Conference.
The conversation was timely, after a legislative session where the types of books on library shelves became a flashpoint. The library commission’s budget was threatened due to a controversy over whether children in Idaho could access what some lawmakers considered “obscene” reading materials (the budget bill finally passed). And the legislators introduced a bill (which did not become law) that would see librarians, teachers and museum staff fined and/or imprisoned for disseminating “material harmful to minors”.
And districts in Idaho are banning books, sometimes in large numbers – the Nampa School District has made the controversial decision to pull 22 pounds off its shelves this year.
Wednesday’s panel aimed to foster conversation about how to navigate the growing calls for censorship in libraries.
“It’s easy to feel personal despair over book-related challenges,” Marker said. “I was considered a peddler of pornography by providing access to these books.”
Marker said the process that led to the removal of the two books from its shelves – both of which are on the American Library Association’s list of libraries Top 10 most disputed books of 2021 – was long and complicated. But for librarians, such processes are likely to be the new normal.
“Would I do it again in the name of intellectual freedom? You bet,” she said of her efforts to protect the titles. “Will I do it again in the near future? Most likely.”
Librarians Prepare for Continued Efforts to Ban Books by Creating Clear Policies and Processes
Librarians across the state are revamping their policies and processes in anticipation of new attempts to ban books.
Typically, here’s what happens when a parent or customer challenges a book:
- Most districts ask them to fill out a form like this one detailing their concerns.
- Some districts are temporarily removing titles while they are being reviewed; others leave them in circulation until a decision is made.
- The complaint is reviewed by a panel which ultimately decides whether to withdraw the book.
- The panel may include a librarian and/or teacher, administrator, district official, parents, and students. The complainant and the teacher/librarian most involved are sometimes excluded, but can attend the hearing and give their opinion.
- The complainant can sometimes appeal the decision. At that point it would probably go to a second committee or the school board. This decision would be final.
Julie Briggs, district library coordinator for the Bonneville Joint School District in Idaho Falls, said it was important that affected customers read the entire book in question and not base their complaints on “passages taken out of their context”.
She also pointed out that a third outcome of the book challenge — in addition to retaining or banning a text — is to move the book to another more age-appropriate grade level. This school year, Briggs said her district moved a book from the elementary library and placed it in the middle school library.
Last fall, Briggs created a procedure for book challenges in her district, and she’s grateful she did because it made the process easier.
In the face of public mistrust, librarians also strive to build strong community relationships.
Building rapport helps dispel mistrust and invites conversation
Natasha Rush, a teacher-librarian at Boise High School, said she does everything she can to get out into the community and build relationships, whether it’s scoring points at basketball games -ball, take lessons or participate in games at assemblies. Being part of the community makes in-person civil conversations more likely if a parent becomes uncomfortable with a book, she said.
His efforts seem to be paying off.
This school year, a parent approached her with concerns about a book called we are the ants by Shaun David Hutchinson. Rush discussed options with the parent. They could start the official process and procedure for disputing the books, or she could make an electronic note so that the parent’s child cannot view the book.
That way, she told the parent, “you can make the parenting decision for your child and not for another.”
The parent didn’t realize that was an option and decided to add the note instead of asking for the title to be removed permanently.
“I’ve had a lot of interactions like that with parents,” Rush said.
And it’s not just parents who question titles. Rush recalled a time when students visiting the library were appalled to see a biography of former President Donald Trump.
“Yes,” she told them. “Libraries have information about everything.”
Various books help students find their belonging and better understand others
Kiersten Kerr, teacher-librarian at Coeur d’Alene High School, said it’s imperative that libraries have a wide range of reading materials available to students.
“By giving choices, students can find something to relate to,” she said. “Students want to see themselves in what they read and know that they are not alone, even if they feel alone in their school.
In her library, she hopes the school’s 1,600 students can find a book that reflects them, whether it’s about race, gender identity, family life, mental health, homelessness, trauma or any other aspect of their lived experiences.
“The dominant social groups have always been reflected, but [those groups] may not know as much about others,” she said. “Regardless of the demographics of a community, students have a lot to learn about other people and groups.
Rush agrees that library collections should have something for everyone.
“I’m going to chain myself to my books,” she said. “I don’t care, I want every person to be reflected.”
To view your district’s policies on topics such as challenge processes, academic freedom, library, and instructional materials, visit their website and navigate to the school boards section. You should see a link to board policies. Most policies related to these topics will be filed under “instruction”.
You may also be interested in | <urn:uuid:fcab5b72-85dd-407e-98c9-0b8654c3040d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pigeonsbook.com/librarians-prepare-to-continue-efforts-to-ban-books/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.964258 | 1,449 | 2.046875 | 2 |
A tropical depression entered the East Vietnam Sea early on Sunday morning and is forecast to evolve into a storm on the same day as it heads to the maritime area off southern Vietnam.
The tropical depression was located at 170 kilometers southeast of Song Tu Tay Island in Vietnam's Truong Sa (Spratly) archipelago as of 7:00 am, packing winds at 50-60km per hour, according to the National Center for Hydro-meteorological Forecasting.
It is expected to travel westward in the next 12 hours and pick up strength to become Vietnam’s 14th storm this year.
As of 7:00 pm on Sunday, the storm will have been at 130 kilometers southwest of Song Tu Tay Island.
Average wind speed will be at 60-75km per hour and gusts will blow at up to 100km an hour.
It will travel southwest in the next 12 to 24 hours and will have been located at 270 kilometers southwest of Song Tu Tay Island by 7:00 am on Monday, with winds at 60-90km per hour.
The storm will head southwest in the next 24 to 48 hours and west in the next 48 to 72 hours, with wind speed remaining at 60-90km per hour.
The storm will cause rough seas, high waves, and rain in the central and southern sections of the East Vietnam Sea in the coming days. | <urn:uuid:34ebf7fd-813b-4029-9663-d033c195ab6e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tuoitrenews.vn/news/society/20201220/tropical-depression-to-become-14th-storm-in-vietnam-this-year/58370.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.9502 | 283 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Cultural Historian, Professor of English and Cultural Studies and Research Director in the College of Humanities and Education at KIMEP University in Kazakhstan; Honorary Adjunct Professor in the Schools of Human Sciences and English and Cultural Studies and Senior Research Fellow at the Oceans Institute, the University of Western Australia; Adjunct Senior Research Fellow in the School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Australia. She is the Lady Margaret Beaufort Fellow at St. John’s College, Cambridge; Research Associate at the University of Sussex and a member of the British Psychological Society.
Sharks in the Arts (Routledge, 2018) is the most thorough exploration to date of the many ways in which a wild creature has been absorbed, reimagined and represented across the ages in all of the major art forms. The authors consider not only how the identity of sharks in the natural environment became incorporated into a cultural environment but also how sharks came to be considered the most feared creatures in the open oceans as a consequence of this incorporation. Yet sharks are especially important in helping to maintain a balance that is essential to the health of the oceans. | <urn:uuid:10c71bb7-3cf1-4180-8965-743b2f5096e6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://viviennewestbrook.com | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.925422 | 267 | 1.757813 | 2 |
Pfizer Inc partnered with a Chinese Communist Party payment platform which has been used to implement “vaccine passports” in China since the outbreak of COVID-19. The company said it was “proud to stand with China leaders.”
The pharmaceutical giant – whose U.S. lobbying efforts hit an all-time high in the past year – expressed its pride for the brutal, communist regime in the following tweet from June 6th, 2018:
We are proud to stand with China leaders & @Alipay to introduce new, digital solutions to improve disease education and vaccine access-creating a brighter future for Chinese children. pic.twitter.com/fa6t6LUpiH
— Pfizer Inc. (@pfizer) June 6, 2018
“We are proud to stand with China leaders & @Alipay to introduce new, digital solutions to improve disease education and vaccine access-creating a brighter future for Chinese children,” the tweet reads.
“We are honored to be a partner in China’s ‘Internet + Vaccination’ initiative,” reads an accompanying graphic, quoting Pfizer’s China General Manager Wu Kun.
The message also revealed the firm’s partnership with Alipay, a Chinese online payment platform originally founded as an offshoot of the Chinese Communist Party-linked company Alibaba.
Alibaba has also been involved in the “research, production, and repair of weapons and equipment for the People’s Liberation Army (PLA)” and has a “deep record of cooperation and collaboration” with China’s “state security bureaucracy,” according to Assistant Secretary for International Security and Nonproliferation at the U.S. State Department Christopher Ford.
The State Department has also flagged the company as a “tool” of the Chinese Communist Party, aiding in its build-up of “technology-facilitated surveillance and social control.”
“We’re using the Alipay platform, which has over 700 million active users in China, to provide much needed education about disease and vaccinations. Additionally, to help China reach its ambitious 2030 goals to reduce infant mortality, we are exploring the use of the platform for mobile payments to improve convenience in Chinese Point of Vaccination centers, as well as options for installment payments that may reduce the financial burden for low income families.”
“After users fill in a form on Alipay with personal details, the software generates a QR code in one of three colors. A green code enables its holder to move about unrestricted. Someone with a yellow code may be asked to stay home for seven days. Red means a two-week quarantine.
In Hangzhou, it has become nearly impossible to get around without showing your Alipay code. Propaganda-style banners remind everyone of the rules: “Green code, travel freely. Red or yellow, report immediately.”
Alibaba was recently penalized by the CCP for failing to adhere to recent laws requiring the company to put the regime’s interests ahead of its duty to report critical cybersecurity vulnerabilities to the world. | <urn:uuid:17120d7e-a6d7-445f-b65a-1e4a86cf385f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thenationalpulse.com/2021/12/29/pfizer-partnered-with-alipay-praised-ccp/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572198.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815175725-20220815205725-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.940514 | 658 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Did you know that you can significantly change women’s performance on a challenging math test simply by providing a different explanation of the purpose of the test up front? And the same for Black students? Did you know there are ways to give advice and feedback that are demonstrated to improve performance in groups that suffer from (unconscious but inevitable) internalization of stereotypes? I learned these facts just a few weeks ago and find them astonishing. How can these crazy but simple things be true, and more importantly, why don’t most of us – professional scientists – know about them?
We students, postdocs, and faculty are the current and future gatekeepers of academia – controlling graduate admissions, journal and grant reviews, financial resources, and still more precious mentorship time – so I would say it’s our obligation to understand effects of stereotypes on academic performance. Of course, the “insider” view of an under-represented group seems impenetrable to outsiders. And yet there is decades’ worth of rigorous, often-reproduced psychological research that tells us pretty clearly how stereotypes – to be distinguished from discrimination – do their damage. The book Whistling Vivaldi: How stereotypes affect us and what we can do conveys that research vividly and compellingly. You need to read it.
To be clear, this post and the book it reviews are not about better-known issues of structural racism and gender discrimination – social forces which arguably reduce opportunities for under-represented and marginalized individuals practically from when they are born. Nor am I writing about discrimination in science which has been quantified by, for example, real-world job-application studies and the study of citations. (If you don’t know about those things, you should definitely study them; you should take the unconscious bias course your university likely offers; consider taking an implicit bias test, and then work to reduce your own bias.) Here, I want to shine a light on a phenomenon which is almost more pernicious because, sadly, society’s stereotypes seep inside the very people negatively targeted by those stereotypes whether they like it or not. And academic assessment could be strongly affected.
The essence of the diagnosis in Whistling Vivaldi, which summarizes a mountain of social psychology research by author and long-time Stanford professor Claude Steele and others, is this: simply being aware of a stereotype against your particular group – which is unavoidable – is enough to impair your performance in the area where the stereotype operates. Thus, for example, women are likely to perform worse on a challenging math test than an ability-matched group of men. Not only is the decline in performance is measurable and significant, but so are corresponding physiological stress symptoms. Yet, fortunately, the effect is reversible with suitable intervention. For instance, if a test is portrayed as a diagnostic for something like problem-solving styles, rather than ability, the effect disappears! The reversibility of the effect is the key control that demonstrates the performance deficit does not result from lack of ability. And, yes, these effects and their remedy can be engineered to apply to the most privileged groups.
Whistling Vivaldi also explains a range of interventions that academics should know about, notably the value of social networking both during active study and outside of it. Group study, it seems, wastes less time on unimportant details and allows more strategic thinking about problem solving. Perhaps unrelatedly, simply socializing with other demographic groups, including privileged groups, works to break down the internalized effects of stereotypes, perhaps by providing the important reality check that practically all students face many of the same challenges simply because of their age and student status. Studies show these social interactions improve college course grades!! Whistling Vivaldi also explains the best way to give constructive feedback to stereotype-challenged students.
The book touches on the psychology of teaching and learning, building on the work of psychologist Carol Dweck, and I think this is incredibly important for us as teachers. A key finding is that students who are instructed that intellectual ability is built incrementally in small chunks, rather being genetic and immutable, will perform much better in school. My personal view is that this should also inform our teaching styles/methods at every level: we should attempt to teach incrementally and not assume that some students will never grasp highly technical material. See my prior post. As mathematicians say, all math is locally trivial. The real question is whether we, as teachers, have the insight and patience to make this clear. Maybe every student has their limit (though I’m not sure) but I believe it’s typically a cop-out to blame a lack of learning on student lack of ability, especially in light of stereotype threat and discrimination.
One fascinating meta-study described by Whistling Vivaldi seems particularly important for the way we think about admissions to college and graduate school. When groups of Black and white students are selected to have nearly equal test scores, at almost any grade level or college (via SAT scores which admittedly have been called into question for years), the white students tend to get better grades thereafter when no special intervention is given to either group. However, when both groups of students are provided a ‘self-affirming intervention’ early on – as simple as interacting with upperclassmen in college or even 15 minutes of reflection on values for younger kids – the course-grade advantage of white students not only disappears, but the Black students do better! The earlier test scores may already have been influenced by stereotype threats and so underestimated Black academic potential. Where does it begin and where does it end?
Learning about all this has to make you wonder: Could the demographics of the ‘hard sciences’, long skewed toward white males, have been different if awareness of these issues and findings had been pervasive in years past? I hope so. It seems to me that getting the word out now is essential.
A harder question is, right now, how do we evaluate students who can be adversely affected not only by the external forces of discrimination and lack of opportunity, but by hidden, internalized forces throughout their academic lives? Do we want to assume that someone who apparently hasn’t figured out the rules of science (e.g., doing undergraduate research) can never be successful? These are questions worth wrestling with in your admissions committee meetings.
So, finally, why the title, Whistling Vivaldi? I’m not sure it was the best choice. The title alludes to an anecdote (in a book that is all about data!), namely, one Black American’s strategy to reassure white strangers that he was not a threat. But that’s really a distraction, in my view, from the key points I have highlighted above and which indeed are emphasized throughout the book: members of negatively stereotyped groups suffer from serious disadvantages in academic settings, which can be remediated with relatively modest effort from those running the show.
My thanks to Lillian Chong for reading the post and offering advice. | <urn:uuid:b6e6b30a-040b-458e-91dd-882f0bf79f99> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://statisticalbiophysicsblog.org/?p=451 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.956757 | 1,434 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Money is known to mar even the best of relationships. The conflict over cash could invade the privacy of spouses over something as innocuous as spending habits, rend the sibling bond over a legacy leading to legal disputes, or rip apart a friendship over borrowed money. While we do not aim to span the legal scope of financial disputes in this column, we will try to deal with financial dilemmas and reduce money-induced friction in relationships, be it family, friends or colleagues.
Should you ask your colleague to return the money he borrowed and forgot? What do you do if your relative asks you to be a guarantor to a loan? What if your sibling wants you to be a partner in his startup?
In this new series, we will help you tackle the awkwardness in a relationship caused by money. To start with, we explain what you should do if your adult child seeks financial aid. Should you give him whatever he asks for without considering its impact on your own financial situation? Or should you simply decline? Here are the six questions that will help you take a decision.
1. Is it a one-time help or has it been a frequent demand?
Your decision should be based on the child’s track record regarding such demands. If this is the first time or a rare instance that he is asking for money, you could consider it. If you know him to be facing a financial crisis, or is in a phase of life where your assistance could set him up professionally, you can offer the money, but on the condition that it is returned in a pre-determined time frame. If, on the other hand, this is only one in a long list of monetary demands that have sprung up from time to time ever since he achieved adulthood, it’s high time you put an end to it.
2. Is it likely to impact your retirement?
This is probably the most crucial question to ask yourself. If you do not have spare cash and dipping into your savings could slash your retirement corpus considerably, you should politely turn down the request. No startup or business venture is worth jeopardising your retirement.
If the child needs the money to tide over a crisis, suggest alternate sources of funding: he can monetise his assets by taking a loan against his securities, insurance or gold; he can sell his less important personal assets; use his credit card to meet an emergency; or as a last resort, take a personal loan. He will probably have enough time to shore up his depleted resources, but you may not be able to do so if you have a few years left for retirement. Also, he can take a loan to meet his financial needs; you can’t do the same to fund your retirement.
3. Is the money for a life-threatening situation or buying an asset?
If it’s the former, no parent can say ‘no’. In case of a medical emergency, parents would willingly empty out their coffers for their progeny. A better option is to be prepared for medical crises and advise the child to buy adequate health insurance. If such an option doesn’t exist, try to monetise your assets first.
If, on the other hand, the money is for acquiring a big financial asset like a house or a car, make sure it is offered as a loan and that you retain the joint ownership for the specified asset. Also lay down the terms of the loan clearly, with no ambiguity over the amount, time frame or ownership.
4. Is the money to be given as loan?
Except for medical emergencies, all funds offered as assistance to an adult offspring should ideally be in the form of loans. It is likely that you have already spent a small fortune on educating your children or for their weddings. If you have empowered the child to earn his own living and establish himself professionally, there should be few occasions for him to run to you for financial help. Avoid being the financial crutch for your child and let him meet his own financial challenges or find solutions to the crises he is facing.
5 Should you have a written agreement?
If the sum you are offering your child as a loan is large, make sure that you draft a legal agreement, clearly delineating the loan terms, including the purpose of the loan, exact amount or principal being offered, interest rate, time frame for repayment, options in case of defaults, and any other conditions you want outlined.
Even if the loan amount is not big, have a written contract in place to avoid family disputes later on. Both the parties should have a copy of the agreement and it should ideally be framed with the help of, and in the presence of, a lawyer. Do not be carried away by emotion and treat it as a business transaction to avoid an unlikely fallout at a later date.
6 Are the other siblings aware of it?
While the level of privacy involving the financial help to an adult child may depend on the dynamics of the family concerned, it is advisable to keep the other siblings in the know to avoid family disputes over inheritance. Also, if you are not in a position to offer the entire sum yourself, the other siblings could be asked to join in and reduce your financial burden.
Make sure, however, that all the transactions are in writing and all the parties have a copy of the agreement. In fact, you should also include the details of the loan in your will, so that if you die before the money is repaid, the amount can be deducted from the child’s inheritance and there is no ill-will involving other siblings.
If you have a wealth whine, write to us…
All of us have been in a financial dilemma when it comes to relationships. How do you say no to a friend who wants you to invest in his new business venture? Should you take a loan from your married brother? Are you concerned about your wife’s impulse buying? If you have any such concerns that are hard to resolve, write in to us at [email protected] with ‘Wealth Whines’ as the subject.
Disclaimer: The advice in this column is not from a licensed healthcare professional and should not be construed as psychological counselling, therapy or medical advice. ET Wealth and the writer will not be responsible for the outcome of the suggestions made in the column. | <urn:uuid:7186eb8b-87b7-4a82-a43f-356d1dbc22cc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://triadoro.com/money-relationships-adult-children-ask-money/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.970735 | 1,308 | 1.851563 | 2 |
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The transgression of the wicked saith within my heart, that there is no fear of God before his eyes.
No fear — When I consider the manifold transgressions of ungodly men, I conclude within myself, that they have cast off all fear of the Divine majesty.
For he flattereth himself in his own eyes, until his iniquity be found to be hateful.
Flattereth — He deceiveth himself with vain persuasions, that God does not mind his sins, or will not punish them.
Found — Punish, as the same phrase is used, Numbers 32:23.
The words of his mouth are iniquity and deceit: he hath left off to be wise, and to do good.
Left off — Once he had some degrees of wisdom, but now he is become an open apostate.
He deviseth mischief upon his bed; he setteth himself in a way that is not good; he abhorreth not evil.
Deviseth — Freely, from his own inclination, when none are present to provoke him to it.
Thy mercy, O LORD, is in the heavens; and thy faithfulness reacheth unto the clouds.
Thy mercy — Mine enemies are cruel and perfidious, but thou art infinite in mercy, and faithfulness.
Heavens — Is infinite and incomprehensible.
Faithfulness — The truth both of thy threatenings against thine enemies, and of thy promises made to good men.
The clouds — Is far above our reach, greater and higher than we can apprehend.
Thy righteousness is like the great mountains; thy judgments are a great deep: O LORD, thou preservest man and beast.
Mountains — Stedfast and unmoveable: eminent and conspicuous to all men.
Judgments — The executions of thy counsels.
Deep — Unsearchable, as the ocean.
Man — The worst of men; yea, the brute-beasts have experience of thy care and kindness.
How excellent is thy lovingkindness, O God! therefore the children of men put their trust under the shadow of thy wings.
Loving-kindness — Though all thine attributes be excellent, yet, above all, thy mercy is most excellent, or precious and amiable.
They shall be abundantly satisfied with the fatness of thy house; and thou shalt make them drink of the river of thy pleasures.
Satisfied — Who trust in thee, as he now said.
Fatness — With those delightful provisions, which thou hast prepared for them in heaven.
The river — Which denotes both their plenty, and their perpetuity.
For with thee is the fountain of life: in thy light shall we see light.
Life — It is in God as in a fountain, and from him is derived to us.
But — Of that glorious and blessed, and endless life, which alone is worthy of the name.
Light — In the light of thy glorious presence, which shall be fully manifested, when we see thee face to face.
Light — Joy and comfort, and happiness: the word light is elegantly repeated in another signification; in the former clause it is light discovering, in this light, discovered or enjoyed.
Let not the foot of pride come against me, and let not the hand of the wicked remove me.
The foot — Of my proud and insolent enemies.
Come — So as to overthrow me.
There are the workers of iniquity fallen: they are cast down, and shall not be able to rise.
There — He seems as it were to point at the place, as if it were already done.
These files are public domain and are a derivative of an electronic edition that is available on the Christian Classics Ethereal Library Website.
Wesley, John. "Commentary on Psalms 36". "John Wesley's Explanatory Notes on the Whole Bible". https://studylight.org/
the Week of Proper 15 / Ordinary 20 | <urn:uuid:8499b43d-1d92-497b-b648-894350713275> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://studylight.org/commentaries/eng/wen/psalms-36.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.947082 | 845 | 1.578125 | 2 |
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CoH Feather II
This art work made with LEESUN’s own technique on Hanji paper by Shin Hyun-Se who is a intangible cultural property of Hanji paper in South Korea. His hanji paper was chosen as the material to help restore the Chartula, the globe owned by Pope John XXIII, painting by Leonardo Da Vinci amongst others.
Hanji(Korean Traditional paper)
2021, Korean Cultural Heritage Foundation x Space BE gallery
Photo by Space B-E, Jeongwoo Lee | <urn:uuid:d618cd2b-5061-476e-99d8-e62e3c65ed5f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://studioleesun.com/CoH-Feather-II | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.905218 | 137 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Legal Issues & Resources
Harvard’s Digital Media Law Project is a great resource. For example, check out Forming a Business and Getting Online and Dealing with Legal Threats and Risks. In addition, they have a number of state by state guides.
Key issues that you may want to consider include:
- Contracts with non-disclosure agreements for contractors and consultants that you hire
- Copyright and trademark issues related to your intellectual property; and refraining from violating other people’s copyrights and trademarks
- Keeping up with your bookkeeping, city, state and federal taxes and 1099’s for independent contractors
- Addressing your website ownership and maintenance in your will
The Creative Commons public domain sharing licenses can be quite helpful as well. For example, Flickr has a variety of Creative Commons photos that you can use on your site as stock photos with the appropriate attributions.
The Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) is also a great resource worth supporting.
[button link=”/publishing-with-wordpress/managing-your-site/” size=”medium” variation=”red” textColor=”#ffffff” align=”right”]Continue…[/button] | <urn:uuid:0fb4dc17-f177-499d-b3be-5384be45217c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jeffreifman.com/publishing-with-wordpress/legal-issues-resources/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.898322 | 263 | 1.679688 | 2 |
A Chinese coast guard vessel reportedly has again impacted seismic survey work offshore the Philippines in a contested area of the South China Sea, which has resulted in the Philippines authorities calling a halt to the latest exploration in the area.
Ship-tracking data suggested that CCG vessel 4201 shadowed the Norwegian-flagged survey vessel Geo Coral and its support vessel Mariska G offshore northwest Palawan, where PXP Energy’s Service Contract (SC) 75 is located, Vietnamese maritime observer Duan Dang wrote in his newsletter South China Sea Brief, according to Philippines daily The Inquirer.
PXP had plans for a 3D seismic shoot on SC 75 and was to drill two appraisal wells on SC 72, all via its subsidiary Forum Energy.
However, PXP confirmed that the Philippines Department of Energy (DoE) earlier this month told it to suspend all exploration activities for these two blocks “until such time that the Security, Justice & Peace Coordinating Cluster (SJPCC) has issued the necessary clearance to proceed”.
PXP said this was the first it had heard of any such requirement for clearance from the SJPCC before undertaking its work commitments on SC 75 and SC 72.
The DoE in October 2020 had lifted an earlier force majeure on the two offshore blocks after their operators threatened to cancel them, and PXP added it had kept the department informed of its planned exploration work.
The SJPCC provides "the preservation of national sovereignty and the rule of law in the Philippines".
PXP had chartered the two vessels for its planned survey work on SC 75, which covers 6160 square kilometres.
Although the Chinese coast guard vessel did not directly interfere with the work — the seismic acquisition had yet to commence — it was reportedly tailing them at the time that the DoE told the operator to halt all work on the acreage.
VesselsValue shows the Mariska G (ex-Pristine Alpha) as en route to Busan, South Korea, while VesselFinder shows the Geo Coral has just arrived in Busan.
Exclusive Economic Zone
SCs 72 and 75 are both located in the Philippines Exclusive Economic Zone, where the nation has sovereign rights to explore and exploit hydrocarbons.
However, China claims most of the South China Sea for itself via the so-called nine-dash line.
Malaysia, Brunei, the Philippines, Taiwan and Vietnam also have overlapping claims for parts of these waters.
SC 72, which is operated by PXP subsidiary Forum Energy of the UK, covers 8800 square kilometres in the Recto (Reed) Bank and hosts the potentially giant Sampaguita gas field where appraisal drilling is hoped will confirm sufficient commercial reserves to be worthy of development.
The vessel Cassandra VI was on its way to SC 72 to carry out a geographical site survey before the DoE effectively pulled the plug on exploration work in the contested area.
The SJPCC reportedly agreed that its approval was needed as a precondition in upstream activities on the blocks “taking into consideration the political, diplomatic and national security implications of any activity in the West Philippine Sea”.
PXP and Forum had suspended their operations on 6 April although at the time the companies said they understood the DoE’s suspension to be temporary given the department’s earlier lifting of force majeure and its keenness for exploration work to resume in the area.
In the absence of subsequent written confirmation from the DoE that the operators could immediately resume exploration, the companies said they are considering the work suspension issued by the department to be indefinite and a force majeure event that will entitle them to be excused from their respective work obligations.
PXP and Forum added that they have had to terminate the supply services and agreements to mitigate the losses from what now appears could be an indefinite suspension of its latest exploration activities.
The Philippines and China in November 2018 signed a memorandum of understanding to conduct joint oil and gas exploration and development in disputed waters of the South China Sea, with Philippines President Rodrigo Duterte and Chinese President Xi Jinping at the time seemingly setting aside their differences over sovereignty in the region.
This agreement had called for a definitive framework to be drafted within one year, but no firm deal has yet been struck despite subsequent statements from the nations’ respective foreign ministers stating their willingness to advance bilateral cooperation in upstream oil and gas ventures.
The Philippines nine years ago brought before the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) a case against China that focused on maritime entitlements and the status of features in the South China Sea, which is believed to be prospective for oil and gas.
An UNCLOS tribunal in 2016 unanimously found in favour of the Philippines, ruling that China’s nine-dash line and claim to historic rights in the South China Sea were both invalid under international law.
PXP has a 50% interest in SC 75 while Forum, in which PXP holds a 79.13% direct and indirect interest, has a 70% participating interest in SC 72. PXP therefore has a total economic interest of 54.36% in SC 72. | <urn:uuid:283f355b-1e48-40d9-8bf8-87c74e3d09ee> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.upstreamonline.com/exploration/force-majeure-inferred-on-exploration-in-contested-south-china-sea-waters/2-1-1202733 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.960939 | 1,057 | 1.5 | 2 |
The stock market increases in value on average 10% a year. Therefore, buying a stock at a low price now and selling it for profit later should be easy. Why then do 99% of day traders lose money? And the more active the trader, the worse his performance. Why is that?
A Common Trading Mindset
Bob is a stock trader. His strategy is to buy stocks when prices fall and sell them for a small profit on the rebound. He doesn’t want to be too greedy and risk losing money staying in any stock for too long. Any profit is a good result after all. Because he is patient, he can just wait for the next favorable opportunity to buy again.
AwesomeTech is a company that is steadily growing. Bob assumes that the optimal time to buy would be after a sharp price drop since the chance of it rebounding will be better than average. He’s not wrong.
Bob starts with $2000 in his account. His trades are shown below.
$2,000 - buy at $2, sell at $3 ($1,000 profit)
$3,000 - buy at $5, sell at $8 ($1,800 profit)
$4,800 - buy at $12, sell at $16 ($1,600 profit)
Bob executed his plan flawlessly. He locked in his profits as the price rose to avoid losing money. He then waited for the next significant price dip to buy again. He timed it perfectly, buying at the lowest point of each drop. In his mind, he bought low and sold high.
He made money with every trade netting 220% in total profit. Nevertheless, his results are actually terrible. We will break down what prevents his strategy from beating the index long term. Specifically, we will show why the more he trades, the less he makes, even when he executes his strategy almost perfectly.
The Logical Flaw In Timing Trades
There’s a huge flaw with trading the same stock over and over. If we pick an amazing stock that steadily gains value over time, the chance that the price will go up is higher than the chance it will go down. So every time we exit in the hopes of buying back at a lower price, we are taking a bet that’s worse than 50% odds that we are correct.
We only think we beat the odds because we occasionally do. It’s a confirmation bias. If we keep buying back the stock at higher prices than when we exited, then clearly we are wrong more often than we are right.
Nevertheless, that’s exactly what many traders are happily doing, repeatedly buying back in at higher prices. But how bad is it really if we are making a small profit with each trade? We will see that these seemingly safe trades carry a significant hidden risk.
The Risk Behind Active Trading
The risk for losing money is highest when we first enter a new stock position. If a stock drops to $15 after we bought it at $20, we have lost 25% of our value. But if we had stayed in the stock starting at $2, then even after a price drop from $20 to $15, we’re still up 650%.
Every time we re-enter at a higher price, we've missed all the profit that would have made our position safer. Specifically, we miss the profit from the point we exited our position until the point we re-enter. The risk for every stock goes up as its price increases. Therefore, by sitting out of a stock that we are willing to buy at an even higher price, we’ve increased our risk.
Notice that Bob only spent $2000 to buy 1000 shares at $2. But $4800 only bought 400 shares at $12. He bought a bigger position for far fewer shares with each subsequent trade.
Bob is correct to assume that chances are higher for a stock to rebound after a sharp price drop. But it’s only an increased chance, it’s not guaranteed. And that probability decreases as the price climbs higher.
It’s very possible to book many profitable trades for small gains at a low price and then wipe out much of those gains buying in at a high price. This is especially true since traders tend to hold their losses longer than their gains.
By settling for small profits when the stock is safest and risking big losses when the price becomes more dangerous, active traders handicap their own performance over the long run dipping in and out of stocks.
The Humongous Hidden Cost
Decreased purchasing power is a huge reason why many traders post low yearly returns. Yet, many are oblivious to its effect. The duration an active trader holds a stock is so brief that each missed opportunity doesn’t seem that much.
However, let’s suppose we sat on our $2000 initial investment at $2 versus Bob who bought back in again at $20.
$2000 buys 100 shares at $20.
$2000 buys 1000 shares at $2.
Let's ignore all our gains before $20 and only compare how much profit we will both make going forward.
The stock gained $10:
100 shares made $1,000 profit.
1000 shares made $10,000 profit.
The stock gained $100:
100 shares made $10,000 profit.
1000 shares made $100,000 profit.
The exact same amount of cash was used to buy both stock positions. However, the earlier investment made so much more profit in the future because the difference in shares are multiplied for every dollar gained. The results are staggering when we calculate how much value was actually lost by dipping in and out of the same stock.
At the stock price of $16, Bob made $4,400 total profit from his three trades. That gain seems amazing but it's not. If he left his investment alone, he would have made $14,000. And that gap in profits widens even more as the stock gains in value. His trades were mistakes regardless whether he made money.
The more often Bob trades good stocks, the less he will make compared to doing nothing. This correlation is corroborated by decades of real world data. Bob will underperform even when executing his buy-the-dip strategy almost flawlessly. But we will see that he will likely miss out on much more than that.
Holding vs Buying
Bob buys again at $20 with his entire account of $6,400. After the stock drops to $15, Bob decides to cut his losses. His total profit is now $2,800. Notice that it becomes increasingly tough to keep buying at higher prices. Suppose that the price then rallies up to $25 and then drops to $22. The risk for buying in at this price is even higher for Bob because he missed all the profits up until then. And at the higher prices, he is less sure that the stock will keep gaining.
Compare that to someone who bought in for $2 and left it alone until the current price of $22. This investor is up $20k with 1000 shares. There’s very little risk of losing money at this point. And the future gains are enormous since he has so many shares. He’s very comfortable with holding his position as long as he believes in the stock.
But Bob is only up $2,800 at this point. If he uses all his profits, he can only buy 127 shares at $22. If the price drops, it will significantly affect his returns. And even if the stock goes up, he will earn roughly one-eighth of what he would have if he had not exited. Therefore, after a certain point, the best decision is to just give up on this stock because the risk to reward ratio has become too high entering at the current price.
It becomes even more painful for Bob if the price keeps going up. Continuing to hold a position for a long time carries much less risk than reentering at a higher price. Therefore, Bob will likely exit for the last time much earlier than an investor who held since $2. Bob picked an amazing stock but got mediocre results and eventually had to give up on the stock before he saw extraordinary gains.
He achieved a disappointing outcome even with an astonishingly profitable stock. Now, consider a typical portfolio having mediocre and poor performing stocks in the mix. Furthermore, note that Bob will not time his purchases nearly as well as he had in the example.
If traders do not make much money on their best stock picks and lose money on their bad picks, it’s not surprising that the majority of them perform so poorly. Finding one or two stocks each year that are massively undervalued is phenomenal. Jumping from one stock to another hoping to find the same amazing gain on the regular basis is a pipe dream.
Costly Tax Consideration
We pay roughly twice as much in taxes for trading stocks vs holding it for more than a year. That extra amount paid when compounded over the years, is absolutely enormous. In addition, the more we trade, the more transaction costs we pay. The total cost of active trading could be the biggest performance difference between trading vs investing for many people.
Suppose we pay $6k more in taxes and fees each year because of active trading. Over 40 years, that extra $250k in total principal becomes a difference of $3 million dollars in missed profit by simply assuming a 10% index average.
My Own Experience
I knew very little about investing when I first started buying stocks. Bob might as well be a stand in for Binh. Everything Bob did and thought, I had done. I'm not the only one. There are plenty of videos in which people explained the same type of trading strategy described in my example. Many of them with 95% thumbs up. This strategy of buying the dip seems plausible but it is seriously misguided in the crucial points I’ve explained in this article. It does not work. It severely underperforms.
I’ve gained these insights after making lots of mistakes and critically evaluating all the reasons why I made them. By jumping in and out of stocks, I made very little money even when the stocks skyrocketed. And I had no idea when to cut my losses when my bad stock picks kept crashing. That’s because as a stock trader, I was focused on the price movements itself and not the underlying reasons why I should hold a stock.
A stock investor is not a stock trader. An investor compares the price of the stock to the value he believes for the company. He doesn’t care about the price fluctuation that traders fixate on. That’s why he is able to capture the big long term gains. My performance dramatically improved only once I stopped trading and started investing. The facts support my case as well as for many others.
A stock trader may think buying low and selling high means buying the short term dip and locking in small profits. But that’s a horrible shortsighted strategy.
Many traders are unaware of their poor performance because what they give up is often opportunity cost and that doesn't show up in their profits and losses for individual trades. But their performance over the years is often subpar because of it. History has shown that active traders perform very poorly versus investors in the long run.
For an investor, buying low and selling high means buying a stock that he believes is undervalued and selling it once the price exceeds his expectations. The big difference is that an investor makes his decisions based on his underlying valuation for the company whereas a trader makes his decisions based on the price movements themselves.
Based on his valuation, an investor may trim his position when he deems a stock price has become too expensive. He may also repurchase the stock if the price drops to a level he believes is cheap. However, buying and selling the same stock happens organically. He does not try to time his trades in an attempt to profit from short term price fluctuations.
Regardless, investors are also not immune to bad decision making and flawed strategies. Therefore, all investors and traders should look at their own returns over a long span of many years and evaluate it critically. If they are not outperforming the index consistently over a very long time, it’s not from bad luck. Their overall strategy is not working. | <urn:uuid:903a9c0c-d999-4705-963d-3ff2643b23ba> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.binhle.com/posts/buy-low-sell-high/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.977238 | 2,550 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Ukraine’s oligarchs have established themselves as an independent component of the socio-political and economic system, whose lack of interests has become impossible in current times. The challenge for Volodymyr Zelesnkyy is how to confront the influence of the oligarchs. Current developments suggest three scenarios between the oligarchs, the new political elite, and civil society.
The collapse of the Soviet Union opened up opportunities for Ukraine to implement economic reform, democratise state institutions and shape the country around liberal values. The experience of post-war western democracies appeared as successful cases for Ukraine since the collapse of the USSR.
January 28, 2020 - | <urn:uuid:b45e97d2-c7bf-454d-91d3-e51299cf8c31> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://neweasterneurope.eu/tag/zelenskyy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.936809 | 136 | 1.992188 | 2 |
Market segmentation is a powerful process because it separates your audience into groups so you can effectively target them based on traits such as the challenges they’re facing and/or how they’ll respond to certain marketing efforts.
The most effective way to determine which traits you’ll use to group your audience is by using segmentation bases.
In this blog post, we’ll cover the definition of segmentation bases, how to apply them at your company, and how you can use multiple segmentation bases at once.
Before we dive into the five segmentation bases, let’s cover the basics.
Segmentation Bases in Marketing
Marketing segmentation assumes all of your customers are unique and can be categorized based on common defining characteristics or traits that you establish. Those characteristics or traits almost always fit within the five segmentation bases, which we’ll review below.
Benefits of Using Segmentation Based in Marketing
By using segmentation bases in marketing, you’ll unlock opportunities that will help you:
- Improve the customer experience.
- Effectively market your products.
- Develop targeted marketing and sales enablement materials.
- Identify areas for product development.
- Show your target audience how you can resolve their challenges.
Segmentation Bases in Marketing Operations
Marketing operations is defined as the, “… people, processes, and technology that power a business’s overall marketing strategy and increase chances of success.”
While working on marketing, data strategy, implementation, and reporting, the marketing ops team can associate leads and contacts with your segmentation bases. That means they can surface strategies to effectively target those customer segments as well as reports, relevant dashboards, and metrics to track your success at marketing to those audience members.
As a result, your greater marketing team will have access to more organized marketing segments, contact data, reports, and relevant metrics. That means better customer experiences that convert more audience members.
Now, let’s look at the five segmentation bases and their defintions.
- Psychographic Segmentation: Someone’s psychological traits, lifestyle preferences, and how and why they think a certain way.
- Demographic Segmentation: Demographic traits including age, education, and gender
- Geographic Segmentation: The location that your audience lives or works in.
- Firmographic Segmentation: A company’s attributes such as size, industry, or location.
- Behavioral Segmentation: An audience member’s actions, habits, interactions.
1. Psychographic Segmentation
Psychographic segmentation refers to someone’s psychological traits. This includes your audiences’ lifestyle preferences and patterns, and why they think the way they do. It also covers their typical activities, interests, and opinions.
2. Demographic Segmentation
Demographic segmentation refers to the statistical description and socioeconomic traits of your audience. This includes age, education, and gender, birth rates, gender, marriage status, income, and employment status.
3. Geographic Segmentation
Geographic segmentation refers to the location in which your audience resides and/ or works. You can go as broad or as granular as you want with geographic segmentation — for instance, you may group your audience by continent, country, state/ city, town, neighborhood, and so on.
4. Firmographic Segmentation
Firmographic segmentation refers to a company’s attributes and is helpful for B2B companies that are developing their segmentation bases. This includes but is not limited to their size, industry, and location.
(You might think of firmographic segmentation as demographic segmentation but for a business.)
5. Behavioral Segmentation
Behavioral segmentation refers to an audience group’s actions, habits, and interactions. If you’re thinking this sounds a bit like demographic segmentation, you’re not wrong. But it goes deeper into one’s buying habits than demographic segmentation does.
For instance, behavioral segmentation provides insight into the benefits that one gets from buying and using a certain product as well as how ready (or not ready) they are to convert into a customer.
Other relevant features you’ll have access to with HubSpot’s Behavioral Targeting tool are:
- Insights about the way your audience interacts with your site/ content.
- Active lists for advanced segmentation, targeting, and audience building.
- Event-based triggers for sending audience members messages at the right time.
Using Multiple Segmentation Bases
You don’t have to just use one or two segmentation bases — you can use all five, or a mix of them.
And once you select the segmentation bases you’re doing to move forward with, you aren’t stuck with them forever. As your business evolves, so do your customer base and target audience. That means you’ll naturally want to review, update, add to, and remove from your list of segmentation bases over time.
The key is using the segmentation bases that matter to your business accurately and applying them in a way that allows you to effectively target and reach the audience members within them.
Before we provide some tips on how to use multiple segmentation bases, let’s take a moment to cover why you’d want to use multiple segmentation bases.
Why Use Multiple Segmentation Bases
Businesses use multiple segmentation bases — a process that’s also known as multi-segment marketing — because the product or service that they sell applies to target audience members in different ways.
For instance, a business that sells tennis skirts may sell skirts to customers who play a lot of tennis, and to other customers who don’t play tennis but want a workout skirt for other forms of activity (e.g. running, walking, etc.).
Multiple segmentation bases are also commonly used if your business sells more than one product or service. For instance, the company that sells tennis skirts may also sell tennis rackets and tennis shoes. The customers who need a skirt versus a tennis racket or shoes will need to be targeted differently. Especially if those tennis items are for both men, women, and kids.
How to Use Multiple Segmentation Bases
By using multiple segmentation bases, you’ll get a better understanding of the people who complete your target audience — as a result, you’ll be able to more effectively target them, meet (and exceed) their needs and expectations, and convert more of them into customers.
Here are some tips to remember while using multiple segmentation bases:
- Determine which segmentation bases you want to establish for your unique audience and how granular you want to go within those segments.
- Collaborate internally across marketing (and even sales) while identifying and defining your customer segments to ensure they’re as accurate and helpful as possible.
- Review and update your segmentation bases if and when needed (e.g. take a look at them quarterly to ensure they evolve alongside your business).
- Get feedback from your team members (you can do this across marketing and sales) about the way your segments are organized. You can also survey (and incentivize) your current customers, or those who recently converted in some way, to ask for their feedback around your marketing content and targeting efforts.
Use Segmentation Bases to Grow Better
Using segmentation bases has a number of benefits. You can better understand your audience, target your leads and prospects more effectively, create and offer marketing and sales materials that better meet their needs, identify product development and marketing opportunities, and more. Begin working on your business’s segmentation bases to grow better. | <urn:uuid:868def0f-9a70-4ef5-9eea-273acc9c12c4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thinknewsmedia.com/2021/08/05/everything-you-need-to-know-about-segmentation-bases/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.915874 | 1,624 | 1.8125 | 2 |
The Millennials are the generation of kids born between the years 1981 and 1997. This year, Millennials will overtake the baby boomers as largest generation in United States history with 75.3 million people.
Millennial Americans are saving their money at a higher rate than their Baby Boomer counterparts at a similar age. Research from the Transamerica Center for Retirement Studies shows that nearly three-quarters of Millennials are saving for retirement at an earlier age than past generations. Half are putting away 6% of their income or more—a statistic that makes Millennials the best cohort of savers since the Great Depression, despite having to carry record high levels of student loan debt. Those who participate in their workplace retirement plans are saving 7% a year, on average.
Alas, Millennials are not doing an equally good job of investing. The research suggests that many younger Americans are frightened and confused by the topic of investing, and keep their money in their bank accounts. That’s a problem, since low interest rates essentially drop the return on investment to 0% a year. In the Transamerica survey, 25% of Millennial respondents said they weren’t sure how their retirement savings were invested, and, when they were promoted to check, they reported higher allocations to bonds, money market funds and other low-return investments than their Baby Boomer or Generation X counterparts.
There are a variety of prescriptions for the problem of being under-invested, which is much more easily fixed than bad savings habits. Millennials need to be educated about investing—a subject which is not taught in high school or college. They need to become more comfortable with risk, understanding that, although markets do go down from time to time, they have always recovered and beaten their previous highs. There is no shortage of web sites, blogs, books and podcasts available for them to take advantage of to educate themselves at little or no costs. A fee-only financial planner who is a fiduciary can be an invaluable resource to millennials who are skeptical or scared of investing.
If you are a millennial (or even if you aren’t one), and would like to review your current investment portfolio or discuss any other financial planning matters, please don’t hesitate to contact us or visit our website at http://www.ydfs.com. We are a fee-only fiduciary financial planning firm that always puts your interests first. If you are not a client yet, an initial consultation is complimentary and there is never any pressure or hidden sales pitch. We start with a specific assessment of your personal situation. There is no rush and no cookie-cutter approach. Each client is different, and so is your financial plan and investment objectives.
The MoneyGeek thanks guest writer Bob Veres for his contribution to this post. | <urn:uuid:b631509e-1608-44a9-954b-8d60a963aed9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://themoneygeek.com/2017/03/15/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.968789 | 571 | 1.875 | 2 |
If you are into science videos this will interest you. It’s a collection of 100 science lectures given by top scientists.
They are divided into the following groups:
- Science and engineering,
- Biology and medicine,
- Physics and astronomy,
- Earth and environment,
- Technology and computer science,
- Science and the future,
- Science and business, and
Some are several years old – but they look interesting. And they certainly cover a range of interests within science.
Thanks to Shirley Zeilinger for pointing me to 100 More Incredible Lectures From the World’s Top Scientists.
These videos are very interesting. They are the Darwin Special edition of Newsnight Review on BBC 2. It discusses the cultural and philosophical legacy of the seminal work On the Origin of Species.
But they have gone wider than science to include the arts, film, theatre and literature. The panel inclusive scientist Richard Dawkins, Man Booker prize-winning author Margaret Atwood, Reverend Richard Coles, and poet and descendant of Charles Darwin Ruth Padel.
Richard Dawkins explains his need to make the case for Darwinian theories in his new book The Greatest Show on Earth: The Evidence for Evolution. Margaret Atwood talks about on her new novel The Year of the Flood which meshes together evolutionary and religious ideas about the foundations of the natural world. And Ruth Padel describes some of the family stories of Charles Darwin and his wife.
Posted in creationism, Darwin, Dawkins, diversity, evolution, intelligent design, religion, science, tradition
Tagged biology, Charles Darwin, History, Margaret Atwood, Natural History Museum, Origin of Species, Richard Dawkins, Ruth Padel
I must upgrade my computer soon. Meanwhile I keep my eyes open to see what is available and what might be suitable for me. I have even considered a laptop – so am naturally interested in what people are using.
I recently watched the videos of the Origins Symposium. It was great and well worth the time. However, I was a little distracted by the laptops presenters used. As many of the presentations were by panels of five or so people sitting in front of the audience their laptops were often lined up in a row.
Patricia Churchland favours Macs but steven Pinker doesn't!
Posted in culture, diversity, science
Tagged astronomy, biology, cosmology, Human evolution, Laptop, Linux, Mac OS, Microsoft Windows, Pamela L. Gay, Steven Pinker, Windows
Opponents of scientific evolutionary theory will often refer to the Scientific Dissent From Darwinism list to justify that the theory is controversial and should be discarded, or at least equal time be given to creationist “theories” in school biology classes. There is no doubt that the list is being used to attack scientific theory but its worth looking at the statement professionals on the list have signed up to. It reads:
“We are skeptical of claims for the ability of random mutation and natural selection to account for the complexity of life. Careful examination of the evidence for Darwinian theory should be encouraged.”
Few of the signatories have signed the statement for scientific reasons – rather their motives have been religious (see Who are the “dissenters from Darwinism”?). However, scientists by their nature are skeptics and should always critically examine evidence. In principle few scientists would disagree with the statement. So why has the Scientific Dissent from Darwin list attracted so little scientific support (see Dissenters from Darwinism in context)?
Posted in belief, Bible, Christianity, creationism, Darwin, evolution, faith, god, intelligent design, science, supernatural, superstition
Tagged biology, chemistry, Cosmos, Einstein, Mendeleev, Newton, periodic table, physics, universe | <urn:uuid:a2721a69-a04d-43d8-8625-3407bdaac713> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://openparachute.wordpress.com/tag/biology/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.933527 | 812 | 2.3125 | 2 |
Larry, I have to ask why you think it is so important that the STC survive per se? Is it because it performs some vital function that will cease to exist if STC folds? Or is it sentimental attachment based on time sunk into it, long time association, and long standing friendships?
I’ve pondered that question for a while.
Of course part of the answer, for me, is sentiment. My experience with STC has been extremely rewarding. I don’t keep up with friends from high school or college, but some of my STC friendships are going strong after 20 or 30 years. In STC, I feel an incredibly strong sense of belonging. This is my tribe.
I understand, however, that most people don’t share that sentiment. And I know it’s not a reason for wanting STC to survive per se.
So is there, in Mark’s words, a vital function that STC provides? I think there are several — or at least there can be.
The role of a society
What’s the role of a professional society in a field where credentialling — that is, licensing — isn’t a legal prerequisite to participation?
Start with networking and information exchange. Several of the more recently formed communities, like LavaCon and Write the Docs, provide both of those. It’s because of that, I think, that people are questioning whether STC has become outmoded.
Yet a professional society ought to perform other functions as well: | <urn:uuid:af471a24-5df9-4c1b-8458-fa2346cb4406> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://larrykunz.wordpress.com/tag/lavacon/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.959118 | 327 | 1.710938 | 2 |
Uber on Tuesday provided the first details on an on-demand flying taxi service to be called Uber Elevate.
During the opening day of a three-day presentation in Dallas, Texas, Uber Chief Product Officer Jeff Holden said the ride-sharing giant hopes to have the flying taxi service up and running in Dallas and Dubai by as early as 2020, with other cities to follow.
Small, lightweight electric aircraft capable of vertical take-off and landings (VTOL) would form the fleets. Uber is currently working with aerospace firms such as Aurora, Embraer, Bell Helicopter, Mooney and Pipistrel to develop the aircraft which would be piloted by trained staff.
Quieter and cheaper to operate than helicopters, Uber expects the aircraft to be able to offer rides for as low as $1.32 per passenger mile initially. That’s a little more than what an UberX ride costs today and Uber estimates the price will become even cheaper in the longer term.
And we’re talking much quicker travel times. In a white paper, Uber gave the example of traveling the 50-odd miles between San Francisco’s Marina District and San Jose. With UberX you’re looking at 1 hour and 40 minutes. With Uber Elevate, Uber claims the journey would take just 15 minutes.
The only real downside is that the aircraft would only travel to set locations, though the service makes the most sense operating between major hubs, at least initially.
We first learned of Uber’s intention to launch a flying taxi service in February when the ride-sharing giant hired Mark Moore, a long-time NASA researcher. Moore wrote a white paper in 2010 outlining a vision for electric VTOL aircraft that operate in congested cities. The paper was also the inspiration for Google co-founder Larry Page to back the flying car startups Zee.Aero and Kitty Hawk. | <urn:uuid:0ff61a53-71f1-4e4d-9cd8-0582ec529e19> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.motorauthority.com/news/1110128_uber-says-flying-taxis-will-be-in-service-by-2020 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.961506 | 388 | 1.90625 | 2 |
Bile duct ligation (BDL) causes congestive liver failure that initiates hemodynamic changes, resulting in dilutional hyponatremia due to increased water intake and vasopressin release. This project tested the hypothesis that angiotensin signaling at the subfornical organ (SFO) augments drinking behavior in BDL rats. A genetically modified adeno-associated virus containing short hairpin RNA (shRNA) for ANG II receptor subtype 1a (AT1aR) gene was microinjected into the SFO of rats to knock down expression. Two weeks later, BDL or sham surgery was performed. Rats were housed in metabolic chambers for measurement of fluid and food intake and urine output. The rats were euthanized 28 days after BDL surgery for analysis. A group of rats was perfused for immunohisto-chemistry, and a second group was used for laser-capture microdissection for analysis of SFO AT1aR gene expression. BDL rats showed increased water intake that was attenuated in rats that received SFO microinjection of AT1aR shRNA. Among BDL rats treated with scrambled (control) and AT1aR shRNA, we observed an increased number of vasopressin-positive cells in the supraoptic nucleus that colocalized with ΔFosB staining, suggesting increased vasopressin release in both groups. These results indicate that angiotensin signaling through the SFO contributes to increased water intake, but not dilutional hyponatremia, during congestive liver failure.
|Journal||American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology|
|State||Published - 15 Sep 2014|
- Water intake | <urn:uuid:088e9034-4d46-4570-9269-69a362e851fa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://experts.unthsc.edu/en/publications/ang-ii-receptor-subtype-1a-gene-knockdown-in-the-subfornical-orga | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.917126 | 427 | 1.882813 | 2 |
What is a Heat Pump
Refrigerant is a fluid that has a very low boiling point that can be manipulated by increasing or decreasing the pressure to absorb heat through phase transition. When these refrigerants change from a liquid to a gas it absorbs a lot of energy or heat. All air conditioning systems have heat pumps that use refrigerant. Air conditioning systems use relationship between pressure and temperature to transfer heat. As stated earlier when the refrigerant changes from a liquid state to a gas state it absorbs heat at a high quantity. Refrigerants have a low boiling point and they are used because they will boil at room temperature. The boiling point can be altered by adjusting the pressure of the refrigerant allow the system to control the evaporation of the refrigerant.
When an air conditioning system is in cooling mode the heat pump, located outside, collects cool low pressure refrigerant, from inside the home. With the refrigerant in a gaseous state, the heat pump then compresses this gaseous refrigerant and pumps into the high pressure side of the system. Because pressure forces the molecules of the refrigerant to get closer together it also causes the temperature of the refrigerant to increase. The hot, high pressure refrigerant gas then travels through a valve known as the reversing valve. From the reversing valve the hot, high pressure gas travels to the outside coil which functions as a condenser. A fan blows air over the condenser coils cooling the hot high pressure refrigerant. As the gaseous refrigerant cools it condenses back into the liquid state. Now in the liquid state the refrigerant bypasses the outside expansion valve by means of a one direction valve called a check valve. The now cooler high pressure liquid refrigerant travels along the liquid line to the indoor unit where it is forced through the second expansion valve. The expansion valve slowly releases the refrigerant through the coils in the air handler. As the refrigerant is released it decrease in pressure and allows the refrigerant to start evaporating. As stated earlier as refrigerant evaporates and changes from a liquid to a gas it absorbs heat at a high rate. As the air blows over the coils in the air handler the heat in the air is absorbed by the refrigerant boiling and changing from a liquid to a gas. As air get colder it has to release moisture. Because of this the air passing over the cold evaporator collects moister which is discarded and provides dehumidification for the home. The now gaseous refrigerant is then transported back through the lines to the compressor where the process is repeated over and over.
When the heat pump system is in the heating mode, the reversing valve reverses the direction the refrigerant in the system. Now the coils in the outside portion of the system function as the evaporator and the indoor coil function as the condenser. The cool gaseous refrigerant travels from inside the home and absorbs heat from the air outside air through same coils that were used to condense the refrigerant in the cooling cycle. The refrigerant is then brought inside as a gas. The air handler blows are over the coils containing the gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant releases its heat and cools condenses back into a liquid. This release of heat to the air passing over the coils heats the home. This process continues as long as possible until the evaporator coils outside ice over. When the heating mode is in use the outside temperatures are typically very low and because the temperature outside is very low the refrigerant must function at much lower temperatures in order to absorb heat. Because the system operates at a low temperature ice begins to build up on the outside of the evaporator coils. In order to combat this heat pumps have a defrost cycle. When the defrost cycle is turned on the heat pump systems functions like it is in cooling mode. The reversing valve switches the refrigerant path to that of the cooling mode and the indoor heat is picked up by the refrigerant and used to defrost the outside coils on the evaporator. When defrost mode is activated the outside fan turns off to help melt the ice on the coils. Because heat is now being transferred from inside to outside, a supplementary heat strip in the air handler turns on to supply the house with heat. Within a few minutes the ice melts and the system continues to operate as normal repeating this cycle over and over. | <urn:uuid:9ed36d64-5108-4cef-ba60-df4fbb47c92a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.peaden.com/blog/what-is-a-heat-pump/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.927575 | 902 | 3.65625 | 4 |
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This page is a spellcheck for word 1860s. All Which is Correct spellings and definitions, including "1860s vs 1860s" are based on official English dictionaries, which means you can browse our website with confidence! Common searches that lead to this page: how to spell 1860s, correct spelling of 1860s, how is 1860s spelled, spell check 1860s, how do you spell 1860s. | <urn:uuid:4ca0dcae-812d-4b1e-818a-f3fe12b1cc63> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://whichiscorrect.com/1860s-vs-1860s/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.943708 | 129 | 2.21875 | 2 |
According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, about 46% of the US population is fully vaccinated.
However, many countries are showing delayed vaccination rates.
President Joe Biden recently announced plans to distribute vaccines worldwide as demand for vaccines declines in the United States.
“We are taking a major step in strengthening the global battle against this pandemic,” Biden said. “At my direction, the United States will buy another 500 million doses from Pfizer. It will donate to nearly 100 low- and middle-income countries — they will be beneficiaries.”
The plan aims to deliver 500 million vaccines by June next year, of which 200 million will be delivered to 92 countries by the end of 2021.
Tom Hope, a professor of cell and developmental biology at Northwestern University, said capacity is a barrier to countries with low vaccination rates.
“Often it comes down to resources, money, and that shouldn’t be a problem at this point,” Hope said. “These are the investments we have to make for the world.”
Hope is not only a variant of COVID-19, Delta variant, But the potential for future variants that could spread faster.
“When we deploy a vaccine, the virus can hit people who have been vaccinated, but it can also hit people who haven’t. People who have been vaccinated and those who have not. You may try to go back and forth between them, “Hope said. .. “It’s a situation that can lead to the emergence of variants that we think have advantages.”
How Countries Close the COVID-19 Vaccination Gap | Chicago News
Source link How Countries Close the COVID-19 Vaccination Gap | Chicago News | <urn:uuid:d5bfacd7-f28e-48e7-95b0-1cf7b30a486c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sldchicago.com/local-news/how-countries-close-the-covid-19-vaccination-gap-chicago-news/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.950975 | 363 | 3.171875 | 3 |
Carborundum is a man made crystal also known as Silicon Carbide. In 1891, Edward Goodrich Acheson discovered Carborundum in an attempt to create diamond using electricity. Carborundum is composed of carbon and silicon atoms with strong bonds in a crystal lattice formation producing a very strong and hard material, insoluble in water or any solvent. Carborundum is a very enchanting crystal, with black spiked crystals like a castle, gorgeous rainbow-like luster, iridescent colors of green, blues, purple, pink, yellow, etc. The brown to black color results from iron impurities. Carborundum is known to be a master healer and a type of semi conductor, that shines light in all areas. Pure Silicon Carbide is a poor electrical conductor and very rare on Earth but abundant in space and meteorites, a common form of stardust found around carbon-rich stars. The rainbow colors found in Carborundum are associated with the Seven Chakras. Carborundum energetically purifies the mind, body and spirit while encouraging intuition and discernment. Carborundum enhances communication, transmits thought, conducts electrical impulses and can magnify the energy transfer from the healer and from minerals to the subject of healing . Carorundum provides for a connection and communication to inter-galactic intelligence, mental agility and focus. Carborundum may help to eliminate feelings of depression, anger, melancholy and relieves stress.
Candles,Herbs,Crystals and essential oils are solely energy work and should not be completely substituted with conventional medicines and medical methods and it is advised to consult doctor if you have serious health issues | <urn:uuid:e6c895aa-0cbb-4aab-b3b1-8683eb46990f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thelilithstores.com/products/carborundum-raw-134-gm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.906931 | 348 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Our pets have stood by us through the toughest times, and they adore us despite our ups and downs. This year for the holidays, there are more ways than ever to give back to your loyal, doting pets with gifts that are as good for the Earth as they are for your fur babies. Here is our gift guide for the latest eco-friendly gifts for your pets.
EcoKind Pet Treats is a family-run company that makes all-natural, eco-friendly dog chews and treats. With no additives, preservatives or chemicals added, EcoKind Pet Treats are a great option for rewarding your dog with a sensitive stomach. These treats are made in the U.S., Nepal and Brazil and meet strict FDA and USDA guidelines for safety and quality. They even come with a subscription discount and money-back guarantee.
Naked Essentials Ancient Grains dog food features chicken and turkey plus “grains that are super easy for dogs to digest but super hard for humans to say.” Like quinoa, sorghum and millet. This food also contains prebiotics and probiotics, which means your dog’s tummy will love it. Naked Essentials’ chickens are U.S. sourced, and the company adds in fruits and veggies instead of filler chemicals. If you have a sensitive pup, this is quality food.
The holidays can come with some pretty chilly weather. Why not spoil your pet with some extra layers of super-soft, eco-friendly clothing? Eco-Pup Clothes makes bamboo-cotton hoodies, hemp-linen bandanas and even harness strap covers to ease your pet into a comfy getup. “Your dog loves the earth,” the company says. “If not for the earth, where else would he bury his bones?”
Looking for another way to spoil your animal? Pet beds can get them through the winter with a cozy place for warm naps. Jax and Bones makes sustainable pet beds with filling made of recycled bottles and foam that won’t harm the ozone layer. The beds are all made by hand in Los Angeles to keep the shipping carbon footprint small, covers are machine washable, and the cushions can be replaced when they wear out without replacing the whole bed. The company’s up-cycled scraps from the pet bed manufacturing process are made into human accessories like masks or pet bags.
Harry Barker has been making eco-friendly pet products from shampoo to leashes since 1997. Its sustainable pet toys are the best. The Welcome Home Pet Bundle includes a Puppy Love blanket, rope leash, Skipper rope toy, I Love My Llama plush toy and Farmhouse Check Waste bag holder all packed into a rope toy basket. The llama plush squeaker toy is covered in cotton fluffy fabric and filled with eco-friendly recycled plastic fill. The Skipper rope toy is made entirely of recycled yarn. Even the leash is made from recycled bottles.
Bio Bag makes the most comprehensive line of biodegradable bags out there. Their pet bio bags might already be a familiar brand name to you. They’re made from plant resin starches, vegetable oil and compostable polymers instead of traditional plastics, so they break down along with your pet waste and don’t contribute to plastic pollution. Run a dog park or a busy household? Bio bags can be ordered in bulk.
Wagging Green is dedicated to forest conservation, dedicating 5% of profits from their Eco Dog line to protect the world’s forests. Wagging Green’s Eco Dog collars have a cute green and orange modern tree motif circling the eco-friendly bamboo fabric. You can also buy matching Eco Dog harnesses or leashes in various sizes.
Only Natural Pet sells From the Field hemp pet toys. This small, rope-style toy might work for cats who love toys as well, but they’re designed for dogs to throw around. From the Field hemp toys are 100% natural and biodegradable. They’re not designed as chew toys but should give your pet plenty of fun times and tug-of-war games this holiday season.
Cat caves are cozy pet hideaway beds with small openings at the top for shy or playful cats to poke their heads out to keep an eye on the world. They’re unique, and better yet, made entirely from wool. Cat caves can fit pets up to 23 pounds. They’re completely natural, organic and easy to hand wash and air dry. Cats will adore the scent of merino wool and cozy up to this one right away.
Garden-in-a-bag Catnip from Potting Shed Creations is a grow-your-own-herb setup for catnip. This little grow-in-a-bag kit comes with growing medium, OMRI wood chips for drainage, seeds and directions. If you order between October and December, the kit comes with a complimentary ribbon to dress it up as a gift. It’s the perfect gift for your cat or any cat-loving friends in your life!
Images via EcoKind, Naked Essentials, Eco-Pup Clothes, Jax and Bones, Harry Barker, Bio Bag, Wagging Green, From the Field, Cat Cave Co., Pexels and Potting Shed Creations | <urn:uuid:8e5abaec-2027-4a03-a19f-3e0934354306> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.munafsheikh.com/design/love-on-your-fur-babies-with-these-eco-friendly-pet-gifts/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.941779 | 1,105 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Haven Horizons: Ending Relationship Abuse - Breaking The Cycle
After 20 years working to establish frontline domestic abuse services, it became very apparent that relationship abuse is a significant and complex, intergenerational, societal issue which requires a wide range of intervention and prevention strategies.
A charity shop was set-up to provide a source of income that could support frontline intervention services: helpline, refuge accommodation, outreach and support services (Clare Haven) and prevention activities: research, developing accredited training programmes, systems change projects and piloting evidence-based models of good practice (Haven Horizons).
Thanks to the generosity of the people of Clare and the hard work of the shop staff and volunteers, the charity shop continues to grow and expand its range of products with clothes, shoes, jewellery, household goods, books and furniture on offer at the shops on the Gort Road. The Charity Shop is administered by Haven Horizons. | <urn:uuid:324dbe31-282f-4772-9940-df6e1eb9cad3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://havenhorizons.com/history/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.946872 | 186 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Synopsis by Betsy Boyd
Shalom Sesame: The Land of Israel is the first episodes in the Muppets special edition series, Shalom Sesame, an educational journey through ancient and modern Israel. Kids meet old and new Muppet friends on "Rechov Sumsum," the Israeli version of Sesame Street, including Grover, Cookie Monster, Moishe Oofnick the grouch, and Kippy ben Kipod, a large porcupine. In Shalom Sesame 1: The Land of Israel, Muppet characters take kids on a whirlwind tour, introducing the cities of Haifa, Jerusalem, Tel Aviv, Metulla, and Caesaria. Children experience the excitement of Israeli city life and the peaceful silence of the desert region. Along the way, the Muppets help viewers make many new friends.
adventurer, child, Hebrew, Israeli [nationality], Judaism | <urn:uuid:5b7cbad8-9d64-4d9a-8bd2-972928dfd42b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.allmovie.com/movie/shalom-sesame-v66235 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.847028 | 195 | 2.109375 | 2 |
1856: The Treaty of Paris signals the end of the Crimean War. France is recognised as a protectorate of the Christians of the Ottoman Empire.
1856: L’Œuvre des Écoles d’Orient is founded by secular professors from Sorbonne University: The mathematician, Augustin Cauchy; the Hellenist, Charles Lenormant; Alfred de Falloux, Charles de Montalembert, and Gustave François Xavier Delacroix de Ravignan.
The Association was intended to support French-language schools in Lebanon.
1857: Charles Martial Lavigerie is appointed the first director of l’Œuvre des Écoles d’Orient. He then becomes bishop of Nancy, then Archbishop of Algiers, and cardinal and founder of the Pères Blancs (White Fathers missionary society).
1858: L’Œuvre des Écoles d’Orient is recognised as an ecclesiastical organisation by Pope Pius IX.
1860: Massacre of Christians by the Druzes, causing an outcry in France.
1886: Monsignor Félix Charmetant, a fervent defender of the Armenian cause, becomes director of l’Œuvre des Écoles d’Orient.
1931: L’Œuvre des Écoles d’Orient is renamed l’Œuvre d’Orient, working in close collaboration with the Congregation for Eastern churches.
2010: Monsignor Pascal Gollnisch is appointed the 11th director of l’Œuvre d’Orient on the recommendation of the Archbishop of Paris.
2014: Monsignor Pascal Gollnisch is appointed vicar general of the Ordinariate for Eastern (Rite) Catholics in France by Cardinal Vingt-Trois.
2016: 160th anniversary of l’Œuvre d’Orient
Since its creation in 1856, l’Œuvre d’Orient has extended its scope of action while remaining true to its purpose: to give priests and religious communities the means to accomplish their mission, for the greater good. | <urn:uuid:871783ed-a6f3-4817-beea-eacfd6ace847> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://oeuvre-orient.com/about-us/our-history/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.850152 | 477 | 3.21875 | 3 |
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Some group leaders exhibit hypervigilance to signs of social disapproval and that vigilance manifests at basic levels of social information processing such as visual attention and face perception. The current research tests hypotheses about when, why, and in whom such vigilance occurs. Across two pilot studies and five experiments (N=1,667) we find...
Leaders often are faced with making difficult decisions for their group, such as when a course of action preferred by group members conflicts with one that is likely to optimize group success. Across five experiments (N=1110), we provide evidence that a psychological orientation toward prestige (but not dominance) causes leaders to adhere publicly... | <urn:uuid:8e0d8d02-99a3-4f48-b695-05ef975cce7b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Katherine-Bae | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.920803 | 209 | 2.484375 | 2 |
A Global Network
Our Global Network
The Pearson Institute and its researchers collaborate with organizations around the world to achieve its mission through research, education, and engagement. Our partners include:
J-PAL's mission is to reduce poverty by ensuring that policy is informed by scientific evidence, with a focus on violence prevention through its Crime, Violence, and Conflict sector.
DT Institute is both a funder and an implementer focused on co-creation, co-investment, measurable impact, and sustainability, committed to global peace and prosperity.
The Empirical Studies of Conflict Project (ESOC), based at Princeton University, supports research on insurgency, civil war, and other politically motivated violence, worldwide.
Fambul Tok International is an NGO dedicated to advancing peace by mobilizing ordinary people—entire communities ravaged by war—in the hard work of reconciliation.
Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA) is a research and policy nonprofit that discovers and promotes effective solutions to global poverty problems, with a focus on conflict and stability through its Peace and Recovery initiative.
The Institute for Governance Reform (IGR) is an independent, multi-disciplinary, policy-oriented research organization in Freetown, Sierra Leone focused on driving forward institutional reform.
The International Growth Centre (IGC), based at LSE in partnership with the University of Oxford, aims to promote sustainable growth in developing countries by providing demand-led policy advice based on frontier research.
The Kurdistan Regional Government is the official executive body of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The Prime Minister, Masrour Barzani, was appointed in July 2019.
The Senator George J. Mitchell Institute for Global Peace, Security, and Justice responds to the unprecedented global challenge of building a peaceful, inclusive and secure world by bringing together the unparalleled expertise at Queen’s University Belfast.
Universidad de los Andes is a private research institution in Bogotá, Colombia that fosters pluralism, tolerance, and respect for ideas.
Universidad EAFIT is a private university in Medellín, Colombia that inspires current generations to embark on a life project that maximizes their potential.
Upland Advisors is a nonprofit organization that supports sustainable peacebuilding initiatives by providing trusted advice on strategy, policy, and law-related matters.
The Becker Friedman Institute at the University of Chicago (BFI) inspires, refines, and shares research that illuminates our most challenging economic and societal problems.
The University of Chicago Center for Latin American Studies (CLAS) brings together faculty and students across the University in research, teaching, and public engagement.
The Crime Lab, part of the University of Chicago Urban Labs, partners with civic and community leaders to design, test, and scale promising programs and policies to reduce crime and violence.
An independent research organization at the University of Chicago, NORC delivers reliable data and rigorous analysis to guide critical programmatic, business, and policy decisions.
The Stevanovich Institute on the Formation of Knowledge (SIFK) unites scholars to study the process of knowledge formation and transmittal from antiquity to the present day and to explore how this history shapes the modern world. | <urn:uuid:16e09fbe-11a8-4847-85fe-d7108dfef589> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thepearsoninstitute.org/research/network | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.917573 | 652 | 1.585938 | 2 |
We need your help!
Please support our Energy Crisis Appeal
Energy costs are rising rapidly and keeping our visitor centre heated for our rainforest animals and plants is costing at least 2 to 3 times more than a year ago, with further increases expected after the summer.
Due to our aging infrastructure and the unprecedented rise in energy costs, we are launching this summer funding appeal to help raise £30k for our new boilers and increased energy costs.
We are very grateful to Greenham Trust for their offer of £15k matched funding.
Please help us raise the remaining £15k before the end of the summer by
Ultimately, we would like to be able to move to greener heating options and although we are replacing our boiler with more efficient alternatives, our energy bills are still a huge part of our running costs. Our priority is always to keep our animals, plants and visitors safe so we are seeking additional funding to help with our heating costs.
Keep an eye on our Facebook page for updates and news on how you can support us.
If you can, please support the Living Rainforest Energy Crisis Appeal by donating online to help get us through this challenging time.
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What does it mean to be ‘educated’ and ‘digitally literate’? The impact of ICT and the knowledge society upon education in the 21st century.
Society is changing at an unprecedented rate. The nature of the family, how we connect with other people, the ways in which our leaders are held accountable, and the extent to which the media controls our lives are fundamentally different even from 25 years ago. Members of every culture and society have the world of everyday experience mediated by technologies, traditions and cultural norms or expectations. (Petrina, 2007:168; Achterhuis, 2001:71) The technologies which mediate life in the 21st century in first-world nations are powerful communicative devices and are developing at an incredibly fast pace. This means that the way in which the world is understood and presented to individuals can be somewhat incoherent and is certainly very different from that of previous generations. In turn, unless they are willing to change to adapt to the needs and future requirements of learners, schools are in danger of becoming, ‘even more quaint and shaky against the backdrop of technology.’ (Smith & Curtin, 1998:227)
Schools are the link between generations: they bridge the gap between the knowledge and skills of the previous generation and that of the next generation. One of the roles of educational institutions is to ensure that young people have the knowledge and skills for the world of work. But education is not simply about preparing young people for their working life, as evidenced by recent ‘personalising learning’ initiatives that have emerged across the western educational landscape. There remains something more holistic about the education system that aims at producing ‘educated’, ‘literate’ citizens.
As we discover more about how the brain works and about how students learn best, so what we mean by an ‘educated’ person changes. Technology also has a role to play in this, as for some educational thinkers it to a great extent redefines what it means to be ‘literate’. Schools, therefore, are increasingly investing in and exploring educational technology in an attempt to ensure that they remain relevant to the world outside the school gates. Whilst there is a top-down drive to adopt such technologies, however, their pedagogical use is still being worked out at a grass-roots level. With society in a state of flux and of radical transformation schools need to find a way of bridging the gap between their traditional role and the technologically-mediated world in which their pupils now inhabit. It is an open problem about which Jacques Delors (Delors, 1996a:172), president of UNESCO wrote in 1996:
…there is a decisive issue at stake here, and it is important that schools and universities should have a central place in a profound change that is affecting the whole of society. There is no doubt but that individuals’ ability to access and process information is set to become the determining factor in their integration not onlyinto the working environment but also into their social and cultural environment.
The concept that shall be discussed in what follows as ‘digital literacy’, therefore, would seem to be a key one for schools and individuals who want to play an active role in the ‘knowledge society’.
Identification of Problem/Issue
There is a tension at the heart of school life between preparing students for an uncertain future whilst continuing traditional notions of what constitutes a school. Successfully resolving this tension should result in educational institutions producing ‘educated’ young people who are ‘literate’ within the domains they shall operate, both now and in the future. However, due to the scale of social change witnessed over the last 25 years, coupled with the almost exponential rate of technological development and uptake, resolution of this tension is becoming increasingly difficult for schools. What does an ‘educated’ person look like in the 21st century? Are traditional literacy skills enough? Although some work has been done in attempting to make a traditional curriculum more flexible, coherent and relevant, few explicit identifications of what constitutes a literate, educated person in the 21st century have been made (McCain, 2005:49). Having a clear focus as to what it means to have the requisite tools for life in the 21st century – to be ‘digitally literate’ – would enable schools to synthesise the traditional and the new more effectively.
Whilst definitions are both historically and culturally situated (Barton & Hamilton, 2000:8), it should be possible to identify common usage, at least implicitly, of what educators and policy makers mean when they talk about being ‘educated’ – and therefore ‘literate’ in a 21st century sense. In contrast to the view satirised by Charles Dickens’ character of Gradgrind in Hard Times (‘Teach these boys and girls nothing but Facts’), to be ‘educated’ in the 21st century is a more slippery idea to pin down. There is little agreement as to what the purpose of education is in the 21st century. Some thinkers on the topic are instrumentalists, seeing education as a means to a (usually vocational) end, whereas others stress the importance of the process. Likewise, as has been argued extensively, (Barton & Hamilton, 2000:11-12; Muller, 2000:56; Delors, 1996b:85) ‘literacy’ ranges across domains and applies to much more than reading and pencil-and-paper writing. Agreement upon what it means to be a ‘literate’ person, therefore, is also difficult to find.
To have some clarity as to what it means to be ‘digitally literate’ will help move on the debates taking place at all levels in the western education system. Instead of these conceptions being an updated version of what was learned at school by the previous generation, there needs to be a thorough review of the needs of both students and the workplace. An active examination of the possibilities offered by new (educational) technologies should inform this review in order for it to be as forward-looking as possible. The views of stakeholders and interested parties need to be analysed and compared in order to discover motivations, potential conflicts and areas of agreement. Once these notions of what it means to be ‘literate’ in the 21st century have been resolved then the way forward for education to move towards new pedagogies and ways of working should become clear. At present, however, the lack of clarity as to what it means to be ‘digitally literate’ means that teachers are subjected constantly to new proposals and reforms that aim to resolve the tension between the old and the new. Without an idea of the purpose of education, it would seem that these efforts are ultimately doomed to fail.
- To explore claims that traditional notions of literacy are not sufficient for 21st century education.
- To analyse policy documents from government down to school level in order to discover the level of coherence in evidence.
- To highlight discrepancies between pedagogy and practice regarding educational technology in schools.
- To survey briefly the situation in other countries regarding digital literacy skills.
- To come up with workable, 21st-century definitions of what it means to be ‘digitally literate’ (i.e. literate in the 21st century)
Literature Review and Discussion
Despite Tony Blair’s famous commitment to ‘education, education, education’, the Labour government in the United Kingdom is notoriously cagey when it comes to defining and setting out the purpose(s) of education and schooling. Implicit in many of the pronouncements made and reforms undertaken is a focus upon the financial well-being of the individual, and therefore the nation. Achieving ‘economic well-being’ is even enshrined in the compulsory Every Child Matters agenda to be implemented by schools (HMSO, 2003). Leaving aside the use of education as a vehicle to economic prosperity, however, at least one of the purposes of schooling must be to produce ‘educated’ young people. What is meant by an ‘educated’ person in the 21st century, however, is difficult to define. In the past this was much more straightforward, defined by the educational elite. Today, however, even leading educational thinkers such as David Carr (2003:11-12) have difficulty in pinning down a notion of what it now means to be ‘educated’:
The best we can so far say is that to be educated is to come to appreciate or value for their own sake the non-instrumental or teleological (intrinsically valuable) features of those forms of knowledge, understanding and skill for which a reasonable educational case has or can be made.
Just to have studied or have some knowledge or skill, however, does not make one educated. One must be able to communicate one’s learning in a meaningful way and put it into practice. Carr argues that the notions of ‘education’ and ‘schooling’ need to be untangled (Carr, 2003:15,134), much in the same way that clarification needs to be sought over the difference between being ‘educated’ and being ‘literate’. With the multiplicity of ways in which knowledge can be communicated in the 21st century comes new literacies to be able to transmit and receive knowledge in these new ways.
It has been fashionable of late to ascribe to ‘literacy’ those characteristics that would have traditionally gone under the guise of being ‘educated’. (Delors, 1996a:174; Snyder, 2002:181; Rodríguez Illera, 2004:49-50) Literacy, with the emergence of new domains of application such as ‘computer literacy’ and ‘visual literacy’, has enjoyed an elevation in status. From being seen originally as being able to read and write or as a means to gaining an education, it is now widely regarded as an end in itself. An understanding of what it means to be ‘literate’ in the 21st century should lead to a greater understanding of what it means to be ‘educated’, if indeed the latter is something over and above the former.
According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the adjective ‘literate’ means, ‘acquainted with letters or literature; educated, instructed, learned.’ To many educational thinkers, however, this is an outdated definition. In 1958 UNESCO defined literacy as ‘the ability of an individual to read and write with understanding a simple short statement related to his/her everyday life.’ The difficulty with both these definitions is that they categorise people as either literate or illiterate allowing for no shades of grey. Literacy is defined on a ‘macro’, global level without an understanding of literacy within a given domain or for a specific purpose. There is no scope with these definitions to be able to describe an individual as literate when it comes to pencil-and-paper-based reading and writing, but almost ‘illiterate’ when dealing within a domain mediated by technology.
Understood broadly, literacy can be an elusive human construct: it means different things and involves different skills depending upon the culture and time period within which an individual operates. Whilst in the western world ‘literacy’ has traditionally meant the ability to read and write with pencil and paper, this makes a nonsense of societies with oral traditions and records. Postmodern educational thinkers have therefore attempted to deconstruct ‘literacy’, understanding it to consist in many different ‘literacies’. The main stimulus to this, as Kellner (2002:163) attests, is the widening use of technology in society:
As technological convergence develops apace, individuals need to combine the skills of critical media literacy with traditional print literacy and new forms of multiple literacies to access and navigate the new multimedia environments.
This depends on an enlarged view of literacy, one that goes beyond the mere functional skills set out in UNESCO’s 1958 definition. Literacy becomes ‘gaining the skills and knowledge to read and interpret the text of the world and to successfully navigate and negotiate its challenges, conflicts, and crises,’ (Kellner, 2002:157) ‘the application of… knowledge for specific purposes in specific contexts,’ (Scribner & Cole, 1981 – quoted in Rodríguez Illera, 2004:51), a ‘set of social practices’ that are ‘historically situated’ (Barton & Hamilton, 2000:8,13). Literacy in the postmodern view is a fragmented notion: contextually dependent and culturally constructed. New literacies are being formed all the time (Reilly, 1996:218). This has led to the compartmentalisation of different forms of literacy such as ‘computer literacy’, ‘visual literacy’, and ‘critical media literacy’ which served to demonstrate how, for example, an extremely literate person on the traditional view could be ‘illiterate’ when it comes to communicating with the aid of technology.
Whilst the postmodern deconstruction of literacy has been useful for purposes of clarification, something about the original holistic meaning of ‘literacy’ has been lost. Literacy is reduced to a science, as training within a given domain. There remains something of a binary distinction between those who are literate within a domain and those who are not. UNESCO’s most recent definition in its 2004 position paper (UNESCO, 2004:13) recognises and addresses the limitations of both its own 1958 position and that of postmodern thinkers:
Literacy is the ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate and compute, using printed and written materials associated with varying contexts. Literacy involves a continuum of learning in enabling individuals to achieve their goals, to develop their knowledge and potential, and to participate fully in their community and wider society.
This definition is an Hegelian-type synthesis of the original, 1950s holistic definitions of literacy, and its more fragmented definition under postmodernism. Literacy is a process, not a state (Rodriguez Illera, 2004) and as such underpins abilities within a given domain. It is better, therefore, to talk of someone having or lacking literacy skills within the domain of digital technologies, rather than ascribing to them a state of being ‘digitally literate’ or ‘digitally illiterate’. Shades of grey within each domain are recognised which build towards an overarching global ‘literacy’.
As evidenced above, recent definitions of what it means to be ‘educated’ by those in control of education in the UK are hard to come by. Elsewhere in the western world they are more forthcoming, however. A representative statement is enshrined, for example, in the definitions set down by Michigan State University as part of its VISION 2004 reorganisation:
An educated person is someone who has learned how to acquire, analyze, synthesize, evaluate, understand, and communicate knowledge and information. An educated person has to develop skills that respond to changing professional requirements and new challenges in society and the world at large. He or she must be able to take skills previously gained from serious study of one set of problems and apply them to another. He or she must be able to locate, understand, interpret, evaluate, and use information in an appropriate way and ultimately communicate his or her synthesis and understanding of that information in a clear and accurate manner.
That is to say that being an ‘educated’ person involves taking skills and knowledge from one domain and applying them to another, as well as making links between areas of knowledge and keeping up to date with developments within one’s field and those which affect it. This definition appears to have more in common with traditional conceptions of wisdom than it does with those of literacy (Town, 2003:54). Put simply, becoming literate can be thought of as acquiring the skills to be able to participate in the discourse of a particular domain, whereas becoming educated is to be able to range across domains and synthesise the knowledge that has been gained.
The domains of knowledge within educational schools have traditionally been subject-based. Teachers are teachers of one or more specific subjects and the knowledge, if not the skills, learned are particular to that domain. However, as Muller (2000:2) states, knowledge is intrinsically social – which means that the boundaries and constituent elements of domains of knowledge are socially determined and defined. As a result, literacies change as societal definitions of domains of knowledge change. We view knowledge within a given domain through the lens of current literacies (DiSessa, 2000:65) meaning that what an individual can know and understand is limited by and dependent upon their use of semantic and technological tools. Limiting the ‘micro-literacies’ that make up the more holistic view of literacy (‘macro-literacy’) is to limit the ability of the individual to access some of the knowledge within a given domain. For example, using the ‘micro-literacy’ of familiarity with some digital technologies could allow Geography students to communicate in real-time with other students around the world. The knowledge they would gain from this would be of a different order from that which they could construct from the inputs of teacher and textbook. Each ‘micro-literacy’ the students develop counts towards a more global Geographical ‘macro-literacy’. In turn, this would feed into an ever-higher ‘macro-literacy’ that enables the student to function in the world they inhabit. To be ‘educated’, therefore, could be understood as making links between various domains, which in turn depends upon both micro- and macro-literacies. Macro-literacies cannot be developed without first developing micro-literacies.
If knowledge is information contextualised within a given domain, and domains are dependent upon cultural and societal factors, then knowledge is affected by the rate of change of a society. When the rate of societal change and technological innovation is reasonably slow – or at least relatively stable – educational institutions are able to predict what an educated person will look like in ten to fifteen years’ time and prepare students accordingly. When the rate of societal change and technological innovation increases, however, these predictions become less accurate and strategies have to employed in order for educational institutions to be able to function. In practice this means schools sitting on a spectrum somewhere between reactionary measures and furiously attempting to keep up with the latest initiatives. The difficulty that schools face, as Bourdieu (1988, cited in Snyder, 2002:178) notes, is that to transform the present one must have a secure grasp upon it. Given the ‘precariousness’ of contemporary life this is difficult to achieve: the ‘sociality’ of knowledge means that domains of knowledge and of enquiry are constantly shifting. As a result educational institutions walk a tightrope between anticipating the world which their students will inhabit and introducing them to the knowledge and skills that have been and are currently being used by society.
The rate of change of society in the 21st century is being driven to a great extent by developments in technology. As the OECD report Learning to Change: ICT in Schools (2001:9) noted, Information and Communications Technology (ICT) has changed the way we live and communicate with one another:
The ubiquitous presence and utility of ICT in modern life are having a significant impact on the way we live, and even on the notion of an educated person. It has led to the concept of the knowledge society – sometimes also called the learning society or information society. There is a widespread awareness that these developments have profound implications for education, and that schools must change, but as yet little detailed consideration of the extent of the change needed and the advantages that ICT can bring. The growth of the knowledge society and the pervasiveness of the technology represent a major challenge and a major opportunity for education.
Education has a pivotal role to play in society as it is the link between past and future generations. In the past this link has been relatively easy to achieve, as the knowledge and skills useful to acquire would vary only slightly within a generation. In the brave new world of digital technology, however, fundamental shifts in required knowledge skill sets and knowledge can occur several times within a generation. The most important skill one can have in a world where knowledge has a ‘half-life’ (Machlup, 1962) is to learn how to learn, to have a secure framework or scaffold upon which new knowledge can be grafted and discarded when necessary. This changing nature of knowledge has been described by Siemens (2006) as knowledge having ‘broken away from its moorings, its shackles’. Nowhere is this more evident than in the realm of educational technology where, using the tools already available in most schools, learners across the world can communicate, interact and share.
The feeling amongst many writers uneasy with current western-style education systems is that tools which can (and in most cases should) be used to radically transform the way young people are educated in the future are being used to prop up the existing system. Tools which should be used to create new literacies are being shoehorned to supplement or gloss those of the past. Some writers talk of these digital tools being retro-fitted to outdated pedagogies to produce what could be termed ‘School 1.5’ instead of ‘School 2.0’. Ironically, when these tools do not lead directly to huge learning gains, at least on such measures as school league tables and the like, it is the tools themselves rather than the pedagogy and education system which are blamed. Using relevant technologies is essential in 21st century education when it is the principal way by which the world is mediated to individuals; new pedagogies need to be constructed to use the tools and technologies invented and used outside of the school gate.
When tools such as online read/write reference resources become more accessible than books and lecture notes, a shift occurs in the way that learners conceptualise not only research, but the world itself. As many authors have noted, we use technology to shape the world – but tools, technological or otherwise, also shape us (Burnett, 2002:145; Apple, cited in Darder, et al., 2003:454; Demetriadis, et al., 2003:34; Provenzo, et al., 1999:40; Sutherland, et al., 2004:6) Although he could not have envisaged the online worlds available to us through the Internet, the effect of such tools on learners is put perhaps most succinctly by Dewey (1925, quoted in Blacker & McKie, 2003:235):
A tool is a particular thing, but it is more than a particular thing, since it is a thing in which a connection, a sequential bond of nature is embodied. It possesses an objective relation as its own defining property. Its perception as well as its actual use takes the mind to other things.
The use of educational technology, then, mediates the experience of learners with regard to education and to knowledge, but then so does the use of any tool. This process of human-created tools mediating human experience has an impact upon education: learners need to be able to use and shape these tools for their own ends. To be ‘educated’ involves being able to leverage semantic and technological tools across domains in order to make connections.
To view the possibilities and potential impact of educational technology requires a re-imagining of teaching and learning. Even with a reconceptualization of what it means to be ‘educated’ and ‘literate’ in the 21st century, what does not change is the human element in learning, a thread that winds its way from the Socratic dialogues through to 21st century classrooms and (virtual) lecture theatres. Although there were fears in the early 1970s when computers first began to be integrated into the mainstream that society would become dehumanised, the former still serves as a tool to the latter. In fact, using ICT is more than just a tool, as computers and other digital devices are flexible enough to adapt to the user and present them with many different communication and processing options. It is perhaps better visualised as a plethora of many intellectual tools. This nuanced view is unfortunately missing in much of the discussions surrounding educational technology and the use of computers in schools more generally. Lemke (2002:45) perhaps demonstrates the most balanced understanding of the ways that educational technology can be used to enhance learning
New technologies can often do the job of simulating and talking about the typical activities of the community far better than the average teacher in the average classroom. Technologies will not, however, be able to substitute for direct participation, nor will they be able to replace thoughtful guidance of students’ critical reflection and analysis, nor the emotional encouragement of achievement and creativity that live teachers provide.
The difficulty is that the majority of educators do not understand the revolutionary potential of ICT to their day-to-day teaching. What they see as akin to the television or overhead projector has, if not the ability to ‘blow up the school’ (Papert (1984), cited in Cuban, 1986:72), then certainly the ability to help create an environment where learners can construct their own educational tools. Micro-literacies can be thought of as having the ability to create, or at least modify, tools in order to make sense of the knowledge within a given domain. Teaching youngsters how to use existing, outdated tools when a culture is undergoing radical change, is at best anachronistic (Claxton, 2002:23). Educational technology is not the answer to everything – a teacher’s pedagogical outlook and teaching ability is still the biggest determinant factor in the quality of a learner’s education – but technology does allow different kinds of ‘ecologies’ to be created. These are more likely to be focused on learning than on ‘teaching’. (Burnett, 2002: 145)
‘Learning ecologies’ demand a different approach to education than has been possible previously, and is reflected in some of the ‘personalising learning’ agendas that have made their way into policy in some areas of western education. Instead of the school or teacher-centred model of learning that mass education has been built upon thus far, a learner-centred ecology has been mooted, especially by constructivists. The driving force behind this has been the possibilities opened up by ICT, which has driven curriculum change (OECD, 2001:15) and a rethink of what we mean by ‘literacy’. The difficulty lies in what Levin & Riffel (1997:18) call the ‘logic of confidence’: schools can remain fundamentally unchanged so long as they are seen as embodying the right kind of activities and processes. Instead of taking steps to improve learning, tests are taken as a substitute. Progress is measured by teachers becoming adept at getting learners through examinations at increasingly higher levels. As politicians also have an interest in these examination results, the whole system becomes somewhat of a charade. Given this barrier, the greatest bequest of ICT to education thus far may have been simply to point out how stale and boring traditional teaching actually is (Burniske & Monke, 2001:258). Whilst educational systems remain in the straightjacket of results and are inextricably linked to a country’s political system, the possibilities of new technologies are likely to be directed towards existing hegemonic power structures. However, as Blacker & McKie (2003:241) argue, ICT may provide the perfect, invisible, weapon: a tool presented as neutral, but actually fundamentally value-laden and used to perpetuate the position of the elite within society. Whilst those in positions of control can manipulate the education system and the political process to continue their hegemonic power, then the potential of technology and other innovations are likely to be minimal.
Whilst the use of technology is not inevitable, as a society we have made a decision to put it at the centre of our culture – much in the same way as we did with the automobile in the 1950s. (Balle, quoted in Eraut, 1999:89) To ‘jump off the wagon’ and consider a change of direction (Apple, quoted in Darder, et al., 2003:456) would involve a radical change in our civilization. Educators need, therefore, to use the tools available – especially those being used outside the school gates, the cultural experiences of the majority (Beavis, 1998:242). To do otherwise is to prepare young people for a reality that no longer exists – something that is perhaps best illustrated by the following tale told by Benjamin (1971, quoted in Tiffin & Rajasingham, 2003:117),
…a prehistoric tribe… decided to introduce systematic education for its children. The curriculum was specifically designed to meet particular survival needs in the local environment and so included such subjects as sabre-tooth-tiger-scaring-with-fire. But the climate of the region changes and the sabre tooth tigers perish. Attempts to change the curriculum to meet new survival needs encounter stern opposition.
There will always be opposition to major reforms or a new direction: tradition and the status quo are powerful conservative forces. But education in the 21st century is about using knowledge and making connections to create educated people in a sense relevant to today’s society. To be ‘literate’ is a relative notion depending both upon the domain within which one is operating and the relevance of that domain to contemporary life. Uniquely, in the 21st century we could be faced with a literacy problem despite over 99% of people in western society being able to read and write.
Whilst it will remain possible, at least for the time being, for individuals to be considered ‘educated’ without using ICT, these individuals will miss out on a large chunk of what it means to be ‘literate’ in the 21st century. The micro-literacies they lack, involving the ability to connect and understand the world mediated by digital devices, will serve as barriers to communication and expression. Technology introduces new ways for humans to communicate and create, introduces new micro-literacies that contribute to the wider ‘macro-literacy’ construct and, as a result, redefines what is meant by an ‘educated’ person in the 21st century.
Major Research Questions
- What does it mean to be an ‘educated’ person in the 21st century?
- Is there such a thing as ‘digital literacy’?
Minor Research Questions
- How do ‘micro literacies’ feed into wider ‘macro literacies’?
- What is the most appropriate learning theory for the 21st century?
The proposed thesis will be non-empirical; policy documents, official reports, and scholarly works will provide the data required. Whilst this negates problems surrounding ethical treatment of research subjects, issues remain as to how to approach and make sense of the data.
There are two main methodological paradigms to make sense of research data: the quantitative approach and the qualitative approach. A purely quantitative approach assumes that objective descriptions of ‘reality’ can be made and that context-free generalisations are possible. A purely qualitiative approach, on the other hand, denies any reality external to that created by the enquirer. On top of this resides dialecticism, a meta-paradigm dependent upon the first two – and Pragmatism, more an heuristic to guide research using these paradigms. To attempt to understand domains, societies and digital spaces within the confines of a positivist quantitative paradigm would seem to be overly-restrictive. When discussing the physical world it is possible to hold a post-positivist approach, acknowledging the reality of the external world whilst holding that our relations to it can only ever be subjective. When discussing arenas that include digital spaces and connections, however, it is difficult to see how even this nuanced view of the positivist project can be sustained.
On the other hand, the qualitative paradigm also seems to suffer from a poverty of descriptive power when it comes to the ‘blended’ digital/physical arenas that constitute the ‘knowledge society’. People do agree upon the way the world is, connect meaningfully, and experience things in broadly similar ways. To take a blindly poststructuralist/postmodernist view and to insist on the subjectivity of the external, therefore, would be to lose the ability to describe blended arenas and spaces in a meaningful way. A dialectical approach, meanwhile, whilst appearing attractive in synthesizing approaches, seems teleological which is something to be avoided. Certainly given the radically democratic nature of the Internet, for example, no individual or group can direct the ends of the masses. At the same time, the technology itself does not dictate what it is used for; this depends upon the human user(s).
Perhaps the best approach to take, therefore, is the Pragmatic one. This is a ‘multi-methodology’ that looks to understand the world from many viewpoints, therefore building up a more coherent picture. This fits in well with the idea discussed above of ‘micro’ and ‘macro’ literacies and also gives more of a picture of what it means to be ‘educated’ in the 21st century. Pragmatism was originally formulated by Charles Sanders Peirce in the pragmatic maxim:
Consider what effects, that might conceivably have practical bearings, we conceive the object of our conception to have. Then, our conception of these effects is the whole of our conception of the object. (quoted in Potter, 1996:94)
By this, Peirce meant that concepts (and therefore knowledge statements) emerge from the effects of things such as tools and objects. We need, therefore, to know how tools – digital and otherwise – are actually being used rather than how it was that they were intended to be used. Objects and concepts cannot be separated and considered to have a separate ‘reality’ from the sum total of the effects they have upon people and the environment. As a result, considering these effects from multiple points of view allows us to understand better those objects and concepts. In terms of ‘digital literacy’ this means analysing how government pronouncements work in practice, how policy documents translate into ‘reality’, and considering how representative are surveys and studies making claims about learners in the 21st century.
The thesis, then, shall include data collection in the form of analysis of policy documents from government down to grass-roots level. An adaptation of the eight-step process outlined by Johnson and Onwuegbuzie (2004) shall be considered as a model to move from research question through to analysis. This, briefly stated is:
- Formulation of research question(s)
- Outline of purpose of mixed research
- Selection of research methodologies
- Data collection
- Data analysis
- Data interpretation
- Final report with conclusions drawn
The data being collected in this non-empirical thesis comes from a multitude of sources. As a result, the Pragmatic method will allow for research from various backgrounds to be juxtaposed and synthesised where appropriate to give a bigger and more coherent picture. Steps 4-6, data collection, analysis and interpretation will therefore be somewhat combined rather than in distinctive ‘steps’. Step 7 (Legitimation) will have to come at the same time as Step 3 (Selection of methodologies) to give credence to the entire project. This will result, therefore, in a five-step process:
- Formulation of research questions(s)
- Outline of purpose of research
- Selection and legitimation of research methodologies
- Data collection, analysis and interpretation
This process within the Pragmatic framework will allow an understanding to be gained of how the many stakeholders, interested parties and pressure groups within the UK education system conceive of ‘digital literacy’ and what it means to be ‘educated’. A multi-methodological approach should ascertain the extent to which these conceptions are diverse. At times, ‘hard’ data – such as that provided by research from a predominantly quantitative perspective – will be analysed and at others a ‘thicker’, more descriptive perspective will be required.
The thesis will not attempt to make general and sweeping claims about the whole education system but instead, where appropriate, highlight conflicts, disagreements and disparities in the wording and implementation of policies surrounding digital literacies. This should inform what it means to be ‘educated’ in the 21st century.
Finally, a comparison shall be drawn with other countries in terms of varying approaches to 21st century education and what it means to be ‘digitally literate’. Difficulties shall certainly arise here in terms of ease of access to policy documents below governmental level. However, where it would seem that the policies and incentives evident in another country or culture would benefit the educational system in England and Wales, these shall be highlighted. Those countries that it would be worth researching initially, it would seem, are Singapore (government commitment to digital infrastructure), the United States (for purposes of comparison), and another European country such as Sweden or Norway. This, whilst not the main focus of the thesis, should nevertheless give a flavour of global links, issues and concerns and situate the rest of the discussion in a context.
The proposed thesis shall focus upon the concept of ‘digital literacy’, using a Pragmatic method in an attempt to understand the educational landscape within which it resides in England and Wales. By comparing and contrasting research, governmental policy documents, the views of various groups within education and on the fringe, and what goes on in schools, a broad view of what literacy means in the 21st century should be obtained. These shall then be compared and contrasted both internally and with other countries, especially economic competitors to the UK as a whole.
- Achterhuis, H. (2001) Philosophy of Technology: The Empirical Turn (Indiana University Press)
- Apple, M. (2003) ‘Is the New Technology part of the solution or part of the problem in education? (in A. Darder, M. Baltodano & R.D. Torres, The Critical Pedagogy Reader; London)
- Barton, D. & M. Hamilton (2000) ‘Literacy Practices’ (in Barton, D., Hamilton, M. & Ivanic, R. (eds.), Situated Literacies: reading and writing in context, London)
- Beavis, C. (1998) ‘Computer games, culture and curriculum’ (in I. Snyder (ed.), Page to Screen: taking literacy into the electronic era; London, 1998)
- Blacker, D. & J. McKie (2003) ‘Information and Communication Technology’ (in N. Blake, et al. (eds.), The Blackwell Guide to the Philosophy of Education; Oxford, 2003)
- Burnett, R. (2002) Technology, Learning and Visual Culture (in I. Snyder (ed.), Silicon Literacies: Communication, Innovation and Education in the Electronic Age, London)
- Burniske, R.W. & L. Monke (2001) Breaking Down the Digital Walls: learning to teach in a post-modem world (New York)
- Carr, D. (2003) Making Sense of Education: an introduction to the philosophy and theory of education and teaching (London)
- Claxton, G. (2002) ‘Education for the Learning Age: A Sociocultural Approach to Learning to Learn’ (in G. Wells & G. Claxton (eds.), Learning for Life in the 21st Century, Oxford, 2002)
- Cromer, A. (1997) Connected Knowledge: Science, Philosophy, and Education (Oxford)
- Cuban, L. (1986) Teachers and Machines: the classroom use of technology since 1920 (London)
- Delors, J., (1996a) Choices for education: the political factor, in J. Delors (ed.), Learning:The Treasure Within (UNESCO, France)
- Delors, J. (1996b) The Four Pillars of Education, in J. Delors (ed.), Learning:The Treasure Within (UNESCO, France, 1996)
- Demetriadis, S., et al. (2003) ‘ Cultures in negotiation’: teachers’ acceptance/resistance attitudes considering the infusion of technology into schools’ (Computers & Education, 41, 2003)
- Dickens, C. (2007 ed.) Hard Times (London)
- DiSessa, A.A. (2000) Changing Minds: computers, learning, and literacy (London)
- Eraut, M. (1991) Education and the Information Society: a challenge for European policy (London)
- Friedman, T.L. (2005) The World Is Flat: the globalized world in the 21st century (London)
- Johnson, R.B. & A.J. Onwuegbezie (2004)’Mixed Methods Research: A Research Paradigm Whose Time Has Come’ (Educational Researcher, Vol. 33, No.7, 14-26)
- Kellner, D.M. (2002) ‘Technological Revolution, Multiple Literacies, and the Restructuring of Education’ (in I. Snyder (ed.), Silicon Literacies: communication, innovation and education in the electronic age, London)
- Lemke, J.L. (2002) ‘Becoming the Village: Education Across Lives’ (in G. Wells & G. Claxton (eds.), Learning for Life in the 21st Century, Oxford, 2002)
- Levin, B. & J.A. Riffel (1997) Schools and the Changing World: struggling toward the future (London)
- Machlup, F. (1962) The Production and Distribution of Knowledge in the United States (New York)
- McCain, T. (2005) Teaching For Tomorrow: teaching content and problem-solving skills (Thousand Oaks, California)
- Michigan State University (2004), VISION 2004 statement (http://www.msu.edu/unit/provost/Educated_Person.htm, accessed 3 October 2007 – cached at http://tinyurl.com/38f3am)
- Muller, J. (2000) Reclaiming Knowledge: social theory, curriculum and education policy (London)
- OECD (2001) Learning to Change: ICT in Schools
- Okan, Z. (2003) ‘Edutainment: is learning at risk?’ (British Journal of Educational Technology, 34:3)
- Petrina, S. (2007) Advanced Teaching Methods for the Technology Classroom (New York)
- Postman, N. (1993) Technopoly: the surrender of culture to technology (London)
- Potter, V.G. (1996) Peirce’s Philosophical Perspectives (New York)
- Provenzo, E.F., et al. (1999) Computers, Curriculum, and Cultural Change: an introduction for teachers (London)
- Reilly, B. (1996) ‘New Technologies, New Literacies, New Patterns’ (in C. Fisher, D.C. Dwyer & K. Yocam (eds.), Education and Technology: reflections on computing in classrooms (San Francisco)
- Rodríguez Illera, J.L. (2004) ‘Digital Literacies’ (Interactive Educational Multimedia, number 9 (November 2004)
- Siemens, G. (2006) Knowing Knowledge (http://www.knowingknowledge.com, accessed 24 August 2007)
- Smith, R. & P. Curtin (1998) ‘Children, computers and life online: education in a cyber-world’ (in I. Snyder, Page to Screen, London)
- Snyder, I. (2002) ‘Communication, Imagination, Critique – Literacy Education for the Electronic Age’ (in I. Snyder (ed.), Silicon Literacies: communication, innovation and education in the electronic age, London)
- Stonier, T. & C. Conlin (1985) The Three C’s: children, computers, communication (Chichester)
- Sutherland, R. & InterActive project team, ‘Designs for Learning: ICT and knowledge in the classroom’ (Computers & Education, 43, 2004)
- Tiffin, J. & L. Rajasingham, (2003) The Global Virtual University (New York)
- Town, J.S. (2003) ‘Information Literacy: definition, measurement, impact’ (in A. Martin & H. Rader (eds.), Information and IT literacy: enabling learning in the 21st century, London, 2003)
- UNESCO (2004) ‘The Plurality of Literacy and its Implications for Policies and Programmes (France) | <urn:uuid:dccd5228-7082-4157-b21c-3f74c92cca25> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://digitalliteracies.edublogs.org/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.943412 | 9,480 | 3.109375 | 3 |
War and International Justice
A Kantian Perspective
Can war ever be just? By what right do we charge people with war crimes? Can war itself be a crime? What is a good peace treaty?
Since the Cold War ended in the early 1990s, many wars have erupted, inflaming such areas as the Persian Gulf, Central Africa and Central Europe. Brutalities committed during these conflicts have sparked new interest in the ethics of war and peace.
Brian Orend explores the ethics of war and peace from a Kantian perspective, emphasizing human rights protection, the rule of international law and a fully global concept of justice. Contending that Kant’s just war doctrine has not been given its due, Orend displays Kant’s theory to its fullest, impressive effect. He then completely and clearly updates Kant’s perspective for application to our time.
Along the way, he criticizes pacifism and realism, explores the nature of human rights protection during wartime, and defends a theory of just war. He also looks ahead to future developments in global institutional reform using cases from the Persian Gulf War, Somalia, Bosnia, and Rwanda to illustrate his argument.
Controversial and timely, perhaps the most important contribution War and International Justice: A Kantian Perspective makes is with regard to the question of justice after war. Orend offers a principled theory of war termination, making an urgent plea to reform current international law.
Opening a new topic in Kant scholarship as well as a new perspective on international relations, Brian Orend has delivered an impressive first book that is likely to refresh and stimulate debate.- Thomas W. Pogge, Columbia University
For many reasons this book. ..is a valuable contribution to the just war tradition.- J. M. Betz, Choice
With a nice combination of insight and ingenuity, Orend discovers and constructs a Kantian account of just war -- which is marked by a unique emphasis on jus post bellum, the justice of post-war settlements. He then develops this account precisely and elegantly. ...The result is an important contribution to the philosophical analysis of morality and war.- Michael Walzer, Institute of Advance Studies, Princeton University | <urn:uuid:8e718228-b557-4883-941d-73c2a8f0b775> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wlupress.wlu.ca/Books/W/War-and-International-Justice2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.919264 | 441 | 2.046875 | 2 |
ON TWE RADIO JUNE 1,2–In her new book, Zero Waste Home (@ScribnerBooks), Bea Johnson gives her ultimate guide to reducing waste in the house. She describes how she went from a 3,000 square foot home with 64 gallons of trash weekly to a life of zero waste. Now her family produces one quart of garbage a year.
Her logo is “Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, and Rot.” By following this message she says you will have avoided as much trash and garbage as possible. Her blog and this book give many helpful tips on how to deal with the excess in your life–everything from giving presents that are experiences to building a simple wardrobe.
If you want a good guide that will conserve your money and give you more time to do the things you want to, this is a terrific one to read. And you might help the planet along the way. The book is printed using recycled paper and inks that are environmentally friendly. | <urn:uuid:e23a0f73-2e08-4b02-a817-858fae6644e6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thewomenseye.com/2013/04/21/twe-reads-zero-waste-home-the-ultimate-guide-to-simplifying-your-life/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.9615 | 207 | 1.9375 | 2 |
Grayscale PAL signals
I was inspired by Ben Eater’s video on the world’s worst video card to make my own. But in order to prove to myself that I fully understood how it worked, I decided to output composite PAL signals rather than VGA. This post is going to explain how composite signals work rather than how my implementation of the world’s even worsterer graphics card works.
I live in the UK, so here we use PAL signals rather than NTSC. When talking about grayscale, both are very similar, but just different enough to be annoying. I won’t be covering how they differ in this post, because I wouldn’t be able to confirm its accuracy.
How did CRT televisions work?
Although a strange question to ask first, the whole composite signal standard is based around the behaviour of CRT (or cathode ray tube) televisions. Technology connections has a wonderful video explaining the general concepts here, which I will recommend watching for further detail about how the television would produce the signal. I am going to go into much more depth about the actual signal itself, rather than the behaviour of the electron beam as the drawing happens.
Hopefully from this explanation, you should be able to create a terrible graphics card of your own!
A CRT doesn’t have pixels. Instead, the electron beam gets scanned across in lines. Each line has effectively got an infinite resolution, as you can change the intensity of the electron beam as much as you like (although capacitance will probably stop you from changing it too much).
Potential epilepsy trigger warning in the following video.
With a PAL signal, there are a total of 625 lines per frame, running at 25 frames per second.
However, changing data at 25 frames per second produces noticeable flicker, so rather than update the entire screen 25 times per second, the odd lines get updated first and then the even lines.
This is called
So 312.5 lines are updated at 50 frames per second, made up of 313 odd lines, and 312 even lines.
Note that it is no coincidence that the updates happen at exactly the frequency of the AC power.
This provided a very convenient source of a 50Hz timing signal for the TV to use to synchronise with the signal.
A single line takes 1/625/25 = 64μs to draw.
To control the brightness of a point in a line, set the voltage to a value between 0.3V and 1V. With 0.3V being black, and 1V being pure white.
However, we also need to tell the TV that the line has started, and also give it time to take the beam from the far end of the previous line to the start of the current one.
In order to do that, a line starts with 4.6-4.8μs of 0V.
This tells the TV that the line has started.
There is then something called a
This is a period of 0.3V which if you try to draw into, will be off the left of the screen.
This time is around 5.6μs before the beam becomes visible on the screen.
After this, voltages between 0.3V and 1V will draw the various brightnesses on the screen.
Eventually, the line disappears off the end of the right hand side of the screen (slightly before the end of the line), at which point the next line starts.
So now we understand how a single line is drawn, and how we tell the TV that we have started drawing a line. Next, we need to cover how to tell the TV that we’re starting to draw a frame.
We need to tell the TV that a frame is about to start. However, we don’t just need to tell it that we’re about to start a frame, we also need to tell it that whether it is an odd or ever ‘half frame’. An odd frame will be one which draws all the odd lines, and an even frame one which only sends data for even lines.
It is helpful at this stage to think about ‘half lines’ for reasons that will be clear later. A half line is exactly as the name implies. It takes 32μs to draw a half line.
A half line will either be a
short sync pulse or a
long sync pulse.
A long sync pulse is at 0.3V for 30μs and 0V for 2μs.
A short sync pulse is at 0.3V for 2μs and 0V for 30μs.
To say you’re going to start an odd frame, send 6 short sync pulses, 5 long sync pulses followed by 5 short sync pulses. At that point, send the normal line information for the remaining 305 lines until the end of this half-frame. Then start the even frame with 5 short sync pulses, 5 long pulses and 4 short pulses. And the remaining 305 lines contain the even lines.
In order to simplify video hardware (and what I ultimately ended up doing for my breadboard video card), you can send the information non-interlaced to the TV. If doing this, effectively send the odd half frame repeatedly rather than switching between odd and even half frames. Note that this means your frame rate will be 1 / (64μs × 313) = 49.92Hz.
However, according to this source, the PS2 on a non-interlaced game will use 304 lines rather than 305. I haven’t personally tried 305 lines to see what happens here, so the way I implemented this was to copy the non-interlaced format and use the odd frame cycle but with 304 lines resulting in a frame rate of 1 / (64μs × 313) = 50.0801Hz. TVs don’t seem to have an issue with this (or at least mine doesn’t).
You’ll have noticed that I spoke about voltages the entire time here. One thing to note is that the input impedance for a composite cable is 75Ω (you can measure this with a multimeter). In order to actually produce these voltages required, you’ll have to use a suitable resistor to bring your control signal voltage to 0.3V or the analog value for the brightness.
Using what Ben Eater teaches in his video about the world’s worst video card, and my research which unearthed the above information, I was able to put together my own video card.
And the result is a 128x128 image on a CRT. Here is a 960FPS video of the output from this circuit.
Another potential epilepsy trigger | <urn:uuid:13b9d73e-216f-4521-9956-97a0d7753e15> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gwilym.dev/2021/01/grayscale-pal-signals/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572198.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815175725-20220815205725-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.937612 | 1,430 | 3.34375 | 3 |
According to researchers working on the American Cities Project, a study sponsored by the PEW Charitable Trust, many cities across the United States are experiencing significant population growth. This population boom is a contributing factor in increasing the availability of social services and the need for social workers within these cities.
Urban populations often face poverty, unemployment, and job insecurity; and an increasing number of people have been affected by a lack of adequate or affordable housing, limited access to quality health care, and poorly performing education systems. The combination of these problems and an expanding population may indicate the need to increase the number of social work professionals working with populations in larger cities.
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the social work profession is expected to grow by 25% by 2020, and new social work education programs are popping up all over the country to try to keep up with the demand. Helping those in need within the urban population requires social work professionals who are able to work with diverse populations. In many cases, it is expected that social workers working in cities acquire special skills such as second language in order to be culturally close to the populations they must serve.
In many cities, gaining access to needed social services requires individuals to navigate complex bureaucratic systems. Social workers who are able to utilize their advanced problem solving and advocacy skills are key factors to successfully connecting at risk members of the population to the resources they need to survive. Combating bureaucracy has become almost common place when working to ensure that people with little or no resources have access to assistance.
A common benefit of working in metropolitan areas is that larger cities often support a greater number of social service agencies and providers. Social workers in bigger cities are fortunate to have many resources at their disposal and frequently have access to specialized services, which may not necessarily be available in smaller locations and settings. More importantly, clients have access to a broader range of services and support.
Social workers may rely on many of these resources to provide direct care to clients in need, but can also work to collaborate between agencies to ensure a more comprehensive and holistic plan of care. Advocacy and utilization of existing networks may be beneficial when seeking resources to help with individual and family needs.
Further, it is essential for social workers to keep up to date and have knowledge of community resources such as non- profits organizations, secular services, and faith based programs and their ability to address the crucial needs of those seeking help.
Social workers in large cities face many unique challenges, but they also have access to unique resources. As large cities become increasingly populated with individuals in need of a diverse array of assistance, social workers may become in greater demand in these areas.
These professionals will need to know how to take advantage of the social services available within large urban areas, understand how to work with diverse populations, and find creative ways to ensure the large numbers of clients they work with are able to get the help that they need.
Jesus Vasquez is currently an adjunct professor at the University of South Florida, School of Social Work. Jesus also is the coordinator of Fostering A Healthy Start which works with foster care girls who are pregnant or are new mothers to address post- partum depression, anxiety, and attachment/bonding issues. For more information about social work programs, salary information, FAQs and more, view Gradschool.com Social Work Programs. | <urn:uuid:337ec2f1-8edd-4aeb-8529-2fdeca6af9b6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://swhelper.org/2014/01/07/big-cities-need-social-workers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.965141 | 678 | 3.328125 | 3 |
The Budock Vean’s new kitchen waste policy has been delivering some dramatic results.
Over a year this translates to 12,000kg of vegetable and fruit peelings, egg shells, tea bags, lettuce leaves and food scrapings which instead of being sent to landfill are being composted to help fertilise the hotel’s 65 acres of gardens and parkland.
And it has paid economically as well, as those scraps would have taken up 150 general waste containers which at £14 per container for removal equates to a saving of £2.1k a year.
Owner Martin Barlow commented: “If you only do one green thing this year, make it this! We were already composting our grass clippings and garden waste, but we set ourselves a challenge to really reduce the waste from our kitchens and we’ve been staggered to see that a whole third of it can be composted and put back into enriching our grounds.
“We haven’t used any fancy technology but we took advice on what could and couldn’t be composted. Our basic, large-size compost bins will take around six months to work their magic and turn our kitchen waste into something really useful.” | <urn:uuid:2829ea93-4213-4bb5-82c6-6b2d9cabc619> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://businesscornwall.co.uk/news-by-industry/tourism-sector-business-news-cornwall/2012/01/waste-not-want-not/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.961238 | 255 | 1.867188 | 2 |
The Canola Council of Canada agronomy team came up with 12 agronomy priorities for 2015, and then ranked them. Here are the top 10, with our highest ranked topic placed first. We will cover these topics in more detail throughout 2015.
1. How to identify fertility shortcomings. What to look for? When to check, and how often? A couple years of higher yields and high rainfall amounts have led to reduced overall nutrient levels and increased nutrient variability in many fields. Identifying nutrient shortcoming and how they reduce yield often requires more than just a soil test, although a soil test is a good first step. How to diagnose deficiency.
2. How to assess data quality. Not all data is created equal, and it is important to separate good data from bad and to fairly interpret trial results.
3. Choosing the right seeding rate. The key is to use a seeding rate that will achieve 7 to 10 plants per square foot based on seed size and field conditions. Read why. It may be worthwhile to use a higher rate for earlier seeded canola or higher risk fields, and lower rates for later seeded or low risk fields.
4. How to check for yield losses on combines. Growers need specific tips on how to do a proper job, including removal of chopper and drop pan techniques, how long it will take and the potential return on that time spent. It can be higher than you think.
5. Economic thresholds for insect management. This will include refinement, where necessary, of scouting techniques. For example, sweep net results for lygus can vary based on time of day, wind and temperature. Read more on current thresholds.
6. Variety rotation. Using different canola varieties within your overall crop rotation can improve weed control and reduce disease risk. One specific question facing growers is whether to take clubroot resistance ahead of yield potential.
7. Sclerotinia stem rot and the real cost and risk analysis of spraying versus not spraying. Sclerotinia management tips.
8. Beneficial insects. What insects provide the most value, and what can be done to protect them while also protecting the crop? Here are a few key beneficials.
9. Take time to get familiar with straight combining canola. What are the circumstance where it makes sense? How can growers lower the risk? Here’s a primer.
10. Residue management. What are the best ways to make sure crop residue is spread evenly and thinly in preparation for next year’s canola crop? How much do these steps cost, and what is the potential return from residue management?
The two agronomy priorities in that fell off the top 10 list were (1) preventing and identifying herbicide resistant weeds and (2) sprayer tank clean out and crop damage that can result from unexpected herbicide residues.
To tell us how you would rank these and make comments on this list, click here. | <urn:uuid:96177376-be35-48fa-9c97-49c664dd7959> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.canolacouncil.org/canola-watch/2015/03/11/top-10-agronomy-topics-for-2015/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.928214 | 604 | 2.5625 | 3 |
How do you AutoComplete in access?
Add an autocomplete control to a view
- Start Access, and open the web app.
- Click the table caption name in the Table Selector in the left pane, then click the view in the View Selector.
- Click Edit in the middle of the screen to open the view in design mode.
- Under View, click Design > AutoComplete Control.
Can you autofill in access?
One of my favorite “tricks” in Microsoft Access is the ability to automatically fill a form based on either an entry or a selected value in a combo box… Of course, the most recent versions of Microsoft Access automatically display the text value in table lookup fields, but this technique can be used to fill even more.
How do you autofill a textbox in access?
Automatically fill in Access text boxes based on a combo box…
- Open the Employees database.
- Click Forms under Objects in the Database window, click the New button, and then click OK.
- Click the Combo box control in the Controls toolbox.
- Click and drag in the form where you want to locate the control.
- Click Next.
How do I turn off autofill in access?
How to disable the fill-in-as-you-type feature of a combo box:
- Open a form in Design view mode.
- Select the combobox.
- Right-click on the combo-box and select Properties to open the property sheet for the combo box.
- In the AutoExpand property box, click No.
How do you auto populate a field in access from another table?
Use a Field in One Table to Update a Field in Another Table
- Create a standard Select query.
- Select Query → Update to change the type of query to an update action query.
- Drag the field to be updated in the target table to the query grid.
- Optionally specify criteria to limit the rows to be updated.
Can PDF pull data from Excel?
Yes, but you there are two things you need to do in Excel for this to work: The columns need to be named the same way as the field names in the PDF form. This will fill the PDF form with the selected values: You do this for every record you have in your Excel file and save the PDF file to a new name.
How do I auto fill a document?
- Type the text you want AutoComplete to insert.
- Highlight the text.
- Click “Insert” in the Word menu bar.
- Click “OK” to add the text.
- Check the box labeled “Show AutoComplete Suggestions.” Click “OK.”
- Type “Iron” anywhere in your document.
- Press “Enter” to insert “Ironfoundersson Inc.” into your Word document.
How do I set the Date in Microsoft Access?
Using the Date and Now Functions in Access
- Open any table that contains a date field.
- Click the table design view.
- Select the date/time field.
- In the field properties section at the bottom of the design view screen, make the following changes:
- Choose your date/time Format.
- Set the Default Value to =Date().
How to disable or stop Auto Fill feature in Excel?
In Excel 2019, 2016, 2013, and 2010 Navigate to the File > Options menu. In the Excel Options window, open Advanced on the left. Under the Editing Options section, toggle Enable AutoComplete for cell values on or off depending on whether you want to turn this feature on or disable it. Lifewire Click or tap OK to save the changes and continue using Excel.
How do you summarize a list in Excel?
AutoSum is one of the quickest ways to summarize data. Select a cell to the right or below a range of values and click AutoSum. Excel will enter a SUM() function that references the data above or to the left, as shown in Figure B. You can press [Enter] or change the reference.
How do I create a data validation list?
To create a data validation drop-down list (Google Sheets): Right-click the cell where you want the drop-down list to appear and select Data validation. A dialog box will appear. Select the data that will appear in the drop-down list, and then click OK. Click Save to close the dialog box. A drop-down arrow will appear within the selected cell. | <urn:uuid:9ea0b118-cd4c-4354-b3d3-4c24d6388206> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://corporatetaxratenow.com/how-do-you-autocomplete-in-access/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.734502 | 958 | 2.46875 | 2 |
Near Blockchain In Music Industry
One can say it’s a new dawn for musicians as there are now different blockchains with innovative music platforms and tools. From decentralized music platforms to NFTs, musicians can now expand their income streams and enjoy these technologies as they like.
Recently, Near revealed the availability of music tools and platforms on its blockchain that help creatives, such as musicians, to explore new streams of revenue. Musicians are now exploring the Web 3.0 platform.
Near x Music is becoming more popular in the area of blockchain music. Musicians can mint audiovisual NFTs on Near. Also, they can promote their music or a colleague’s music on NearHub.
“There is also more opportunity for musicians to sell their merchandise and music directly to their fan bases rather than depending on platforms as an intermediary…the blockchain allows you to see who is interacting with and collecting your work”, said the Near x Music council.
Origin is a musician who is also a member of the Amplify. Art decentralized platform for music on Near, said, “What’s most attractive about Web 3 is the independence and control to do whatever you want…what’s so interesting and exciting is the way you could combine any art form, be it poetry, sculpture, photography, video, graphic design, music and spoken word into an NFT”.
Another amazing thing about blockchain music is the ease of royalty payments and sample clearance for musicians on the platform. Through smart contracts, musicians can effectively evacuate middlemen in making music available for remixing and sampling. This improvement will go a long way in encouraging musicians by creating a sense of security. The case of the 60s funk band member, Coleman, who never got a dime from his drum break, ‘Amen break’, which was used in over 5,000 songs is sure not to repeat itself with the innovation of blockchain music.
In Web 3.0, there is bound to be a change in how record labels operate. They would fund, support, and mint NFTs for musicians as required. Also, in the case of any disputes or similar issues, artists can claim their copyrights with NFTs.
Near x Music is an innovative improvement that simply makes music more enjoyable for musicians and music lovers at large. | <urn:uuid:d49cf356-4276-4abd-b1f4-346ef38deacb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://latsan04.medium.com/near-blockchain-in-music-industry-1567245cca1f | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.956528 | 567 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Absolutely Independent Financial Information.
If you are like me, you do not want to spend your free time worrying, like a typical Type A person, about every little detail of a financial plan for retirement that is still many, many years in the future. I think it is foolish to spend a bunch of time and thousands of dollars working with a financial planner to prepare detailed financial statements, budgets, and complex investment strategies when none of us have any idea what is going to happen that many years in the future. I bet you do not want to spend a bunch of time and money either, and that is why I wrote The Type B Financial Plan.
Type B Financial Planning is designed as a safe, secure way to answer your important, immediate financial planning questions. Read the book and improve your financial situation by taking control of the things you can do now instead of worrying about estimates of what you need to retire 40-years from now. The timely, affordable advice offered by The Type B Financial Plan will help produce results better than a two-hundred page comprehensive financial plan that starts collecting dust the day after it is presented to you. Best of all, it will help you worry less and have more time to enjoy life.
"Some people try to deal with money by pretending it doesn't matter, but financial pressure is something that affects us all every day of our lives." Tony Robbins | <urn:uuid:aa63aa34-fe56-424e-a4d4-2d7757ac4d72> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.typebfp.com/home.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.965023 | 279 | 1.59375 | 2 |
We work extensively to achieve optimal independence in literacy, communication and social skills. We provide:
Assessment and treatment of paediatric developmental language and articulation delays
Intervention for literacy difficulties
Therapy and support for children with hearing impairments
Assessment and treatment of children with Autism, Downs Syndrome and Cerebral Palsy
Evidence based therapy for stuttering and voice disorders
Experience working with children and teenagers affected by acquired brain injury
Development of programs to assist with social skills development, including paired or small group sessions
Development of individualised Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) systems to support communication
Assessment and treatment of infant feeding and swallowing associated with oro-motor difficulties
Contact our Speech Pathologists
No referral needed! Simply fill out the form below.
We acknowledge the Dja Dja Wurrung People, the Traditional Owners of the land that we are living and working on today. We pay our respects to leaders and Elders past, present and emerging for they hold the memories, the traditions, the culture and the hopes of all Dja Dja Wurrung Peoples. | <urn:uuid:b0da9686-6343-4ef9-be1c-9261fda0cd2b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bendigospeechworks.com.au/services/youth | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.911863 | 230 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Forex Pips Explained For Dummies
Forex pips explained for dummies by “TopForexBrokers.com” experts, In this article you will know what is a pip in FX trading and how you can calculate pips value in the online currency trading market.
What Is A Pip In Stock Trading
The word “pip” is an acronym for “price interest point” or “point in percentage.” A pip measures the amount of fluctuation in the exchange rate for a currency pair. For currency pairs displayed with four decimal places, one pip is equal to 0.0001.
The major currencies (except the Japanese yen) are traditionally priced to four decimal places, and a pip is one unit of the fourth decimal point: for dollar currencies this is to 1/100th of a cent. For the yen, a pip is one unit of the second decimal point, because the yen is much closer in value to one hundredth of other major currencies. People new to currency exchanges may wonder what is a pip and why is it important to know?
A Forex pip is sometimes confused with the smallest unit of change in a quote, i.e. the tick size. Currency pairs are often quoted to four decimal places, but the tick size in a given market may be, for example, 5 pips or 1/2 pip.
Forex Pip Value – How Much Is A Pip ?
A rate change of one pip may be related to the value change of a position in a currency market. Currency is typically traded in lot size of 100,000units of the base currency. A trading position of one lot that experiences a rate change of 1 pip therefore changes in value by 10 units of the quoted currency.
If the currency price we quoted earlier changed from 1.1200 to 1.1205, this would be a change of five pips. To get the value of one pip in a currency pair, an investor has to divide one pip in decimal form (i.e. 0.0001) by the current exchange rate, and then multiply it by the notional amount of the trade.
FX Pip Calculation Example
If the FX currency pair of the Euro and the U.S. Dollar (EUR/USD) is trading at an exchange rate of 1.3000 (1 EUR = 1.3 USD) and the rate changes to 1.3010, the price ratio increases by 10 pips.
In this example, if a trader buys 5 standard lots (i.e. 5 × 100,000 = 500,000) of EUR/USD, paying USD 650,000 and closes the position after the 10 pips’ appreciation, the trader will receive USD 650,500 with a profit of USD 500 (i.e. 500,000 (5 standard lots) × 0.0010 = USD 500). Most retail trading by speculators is conducted in margin accounts, requiring only a small percentage (typically 1%) of the purchase price as equity for the transaction.
Pips Forex Points – How many points is a pip?
Pips in Forex relate to the smallest price movement any exchange rate can make. Because currencies are usually quoted to four decimal places, the smallest change in a currency pair would be in the last digit. This would make one pip equal to 1/100th of a percent, or one basis point. The Electronic trading platforms have brought greater price transparency and price competition to the foreign exchange markets. Several forex brokers have extended the quote precision for most of the major currency pairs by an additional decimal point; the spread rates are displayed in 1/10 pip. | <urn:uuid:9adeefc1-74bc-4632-9f86-a8e63c0d3d6d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://topforexbrokers.com/forex-pips/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.906109 | 751 | 2.4375 | 2 |
So i have been taking a look at younoodle lately, I find it very interesting, one of the things i like about it is that i am able to see a lot of start-up/entrepreneurs all at one place which i think is pretty cool, for those of you that have never heard of the company or what they do, put it this way.
Younoodle is a platform that provides a network for small businesses, mostly start-ups i would say, it uses mathematical models to predict the success of a new business based on information about its concept, finances, founders and advisers. The results include an estimate of the company's expected value after three years.
In August 2008, YouNoodle predicted that its own value in 2010 would be $96 million
Although the site has got mixed response from the press, Michael Arrington had a bit to say about it.
Is it really possible for a website to be able to predict a start-up’s future? Don’t we already have LinkedIn for entrepreneurs or should i professionals/business owners?
I guess they will have to prove to everyone that they can predict the success of a start-up.
I am very optimistic about the success of the company, although i am still very curious on how the predictions will work accurately or at least 90% or how they will be able to convince the right people that it is possible. | <urn:uuid:fd826a6e-2d43-4135-a7b5-c1d47986aacc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://yhponline.com/2009/12/12/can-younoodle-predict-the-future/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.977755 | 290 | 1.554688 | 2 |
at and cron administration utility
atcronsh is the screen interface invoked by the
It is used to specify users allowed to use the
and batch (see
It also allows the
and batch prototype files to be edited.
The program allows a system default for
and batch to be given. The defaults can be:
The default setting decides whether an allow or deny file is to be used
(deny file means /usr/lib/cron/cron.deny or at.deny,
allow file means /usr/lib/cron/cron.allow or at.allow).
no user authorized
all users allowed to use the commands unless a user is specifically
all users denied to use the commands unless a user is specifically
For each user (unless the none system default has been chosen), a specific
and batch may be given.
The allow and deny files are interpreted as follows:
if an allow file exists, and the user name appears in it, the user is
if an allow file exists, access is denied
if a deny file exists and the user name appears in it, access is denied
if a deny file exists, access is allowed
access is denied
is not recommended; use the
atcronsh is not part of any currently supported standard; it
is an extension of AT&T System V provided by The Santa Cruz Operation, Inc.
© 2003 Caldera International, Inc. All rights reserved.
SCO OpenServer Release 5.0.7 -- 11 February 2003 | <urn:uuid:8f2ed9a3-d504-4bdd-8833-fa84b5706936> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://osr507doc.xinuos.com/cgi-bin/man?mansearchword=atcronsh&mansection=ADM&lang=en | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.718975 | 539 | 1.90625 | 2 |
The fatigue life behavior and internal surface conditions of inherently damped Additive Manufactured (AM) specimens subjected to vibration bending are under investigation. This study supports research that demonstrated 95% vibration suppression due to damping capability of AM components with 1–3% internal volume of unfused powder. The damping demonstrations have been carried out using laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) specimens of various thicknesses, lengths, and unfused internal powder configurations. In addition, damping is shown to be achievable with both nickel-based alloys and stainless steel specimens. Despite the promise of this method, the viability of fatigue performance is unknown. The following effort aims to address this structural integrity issue; specifically, this study explores whether internal pocket roughness or erosion caused by powder particle motion induces a fatigue life debit. These concerns are addressed by comparing the fatigue behaviors of unfused powder pocket and fully-fused nickel based alloy 718 specimens. Microscopy results confirmed a long suspected powder interaction phenomena as well as appearances of erosion. Furthermore, fractography supports that fatigue failures initiate near the surface of maximum strain/stress at porous features consistent with stock (non-optimized) LPBF process parameters. | <urn:uuid:358a832d-6f57-4784-bd76-701cf9701dd9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/GT/proceedings-abstract/GT2020/84195/V008T18A002/1095109?redirectedFrom=PDF | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.912586 | 241 | 1.90625 | 2 |
Anchor Vans reducing carbon footprint by 11+ tonnes per year!
Anchor Vans received a Low Carbon Workspaces grant to install solar PV panels, reducing their carbon footprint by 11.4 tonnes CO2e / year*
How were energy savings calculated?
Savings were calculated based on the installation capacity and orientation of the solar panels. The generation of electricity was then considered an energy saving, as less energy would be drawn from the grid supply. The energy saving was converted to a greenhouse gas emission saving using the carbon conversion figure for UK grid supplied electricity, as published by the Government at the date of project installation (May 2022).
Solar PV Output Performance:
Installed capacity = 50 kWp
Orientation = 0 from south
Solar Kk factor = 984
Annual Savings from Solar PV = 49,151 kWh
Carbon conversion UK grid electricity (2021-22) = 0.23112 kg CO2e / kWh
Annual saving = 11.360 tonnes CO2e
*An African Elephant typically weighs 6-9 tonnes!
The carbon conversion figure used to calculate carbon outputs for this project have been based upon the date of installation. For reference, our programme also requires us to apply 2017/18 BEIS CO₂e carbon conversion rates; (0.38443 x 49,151)/1000 = 18.895 tonnes CO₂e. Whilst the methodology used should provide a realistic indication of the CO2e reduction achieved through the stated project, the actual CO2e reduction may differ due to variables such staff behaviour and equipment operating efficiency. Note that kWh figures displayed above have been rounded to the nearest whole number; calculations made to obtain final carbon saving therefore used slightly different figures to those above. Neither Ngage Solutions Ltd nor Buckinghamshire Business First can be held responsible for any actions taken or loss incurred based on the use of the information provided. This certificate is intended for use by the named organisation. It should not be distributed or copied, in part or in full, without prior written consent from Ngage Solutions Ltd.
Awarded by: Daniel Cope Low Carbon Workspaces Programme Manager
June 2022 * Savings methodology on the reverse of this certificate @lowcarbongrant www.lowcarbonworkspaces.co.uk | <urn:uuid:86d59f9c-3312-4bd6-a8b1-06da519014c4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.anchorvans.co.uk/blog/2022/06/30/anchor-vans-reducing-carbon-footprint-11-4-tonnes-co2e-year/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.916869 | 478 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Microsoft executives today said the problems only appear when developers use Visual InterDev, Visual Basic, and Visual J++, along with the IE 5 Web browser to create graphical user interfaces for their applications.
IE 5, released today, includes Extensible Markup Langauge (XML) support for data exchange and improved Dynamic HTML (DHMTL) support for Web graphics.
The bugs include browser crashes following the use of the Visual J++ and Visual InterDev debuggers, Microsoft said. The company plans to release a service pack this spring to fix the problems.
"The challenge we face is all these things are not released on the same day. We worked hard to make sure they're as compatible as possible. But a few [new browser] features are not fully supported in Visual Studio," said Susan Warren, Microsoft's product manager for the developer tools division.
Developers should not be hampered by the problems, she said. "All of these things we found are minor. [They have] no impact on productivity."
While Microsoft works on the service pack, the company is alerting software developers about the bugs on the Visual Studio Web site.
The new browser allows developers to run IE 5 and IE 4 simultaneously on their PCs to test content for each version of the browser. But Microsoft said Visual InterDev users should not use the feature--called "IE 4 Compatibility Mode"--because the tool's Design View editor isn't compatible with it yet.
Visual InterDev also cannot debug new DHTML and HTML features. The new DHMTL features, called "behaviors," are lightweight components that developers can add to Web sites. The components include calendar features and a component that plays music when a user's mouse goes over a button, Warren said. The HTML feature that can't be debugged yet is called HTML application files, which allow developers to build customized, standalone interfaces.
Visual Basic developers who install IE 5 can only distribute DHTML Page Designer applications that target IE 5. Developers using IE 4, however, can distribute their Page Designer applications to both IE 4 and IE 5 users.
Warren said that when the Visual Studio 6.0 Service Pack is released, it will be available for a free download on Microsoft's Web site. Visual Studio Enterprise customers and "Universal" and "Professional" subscribers to the Microsoft Developer Network will receive free CDs, she said. | <urn:uuid:3033cab1-440e-4f46-80d8-072e3a42318a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cnet.com/tech/tech-industry/bugs-mar-some-ie-tools/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.904846 | 484 | 1.617188 | 2 |
The price of gas is set to be raised to $4 per gallon or more within the next five months, as reported by an industry analysis published this week.
The gas price increase is forecasted to take place by Memorial Day this coming May, according to the news report from GasBuddy, a gas tracking app, and shared with the CNN. But the analysis said the avg. cost of gas at pumps throughout the country would then decrease during the summer and fall months of 2022, declining below current gas prices.
“We might see a national avg. that flirts with, or in the worst-case scenario, possibly exceeding $4 per gallon,” said Patrick De Haan, who is the director of petroleum analysis from GasBuddy.
While the avg. price might surpass $4 per gallon by May, the expectation is that it would most likely hit a peak near the $3.79 per gallon level in May, CNN reported. By June and July, gas prices will reportedly decrease slightly to about $3.78 a gallon and $3.57 a gallon, respectively, just before dropping sharply.
“Demand has come back strong,” De Haan stated, according to CNN. “But the supply is still playing catch up after having a sharp cut in 2020.”
Meanwhile, the country wide average price of gas fell to $3.28 per gallon this week, according to a AAA database. While it is going down, the current avg. price of gas has remained 45.8% higher than it was just a year ago, according to AAA.
Pump prices have decreased nearly 4% since early Nov. when they climbed to $3.41 a gallon, government data has shown. The last time gas prices were that high was Sept. 2014.
Experts have blamed the decline on the increasing Covid-19 cases which might threaten the ongoing economic recovery from the Covid pandemic. Washington, though, has credited Pres. Joe Biden’s recent move to release up to 50 million barrels of oil from the United States Strategic Petroleum Reserve on November 23 for the price drop.
However, oil prices increased after the president’s announcement.
Author: Scott Dowdy | <urn:uuid:4420efd0-fb82-42bd-9702-e8e1efdf9969> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wethepeopledaily.com/2021/12/30/biden-triggers-economic-meltdown-with-his-dumbest-mistake-ever/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571536.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811224716-20220812014716-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.961453 | 457 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Scientists have developed an AI tool to analyse how proteins move and interact which is faster and more accurate than humans, according to a study published today in eLife.
The software, which is freely available, dramatically speeds up the study of protein dynamics and makes it accessible to research teams across the world, rather than limited to a few laboratories with specialist expertise.
Proteins are the workhorses of our cells, and their movement controls a vast array of biological processes. Studying the choreography of proteins - how they move around and interact with each other - is an essential part of understanding fundamental biology.
One of the main tools for studying protein motion is called single molecule Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (smFRET).
This works by labelling two or more parts of the molecule with a different fluorescent tag, and when the two tags are in close proximity, the change in fluorescence can be detected by a microscope. In this way, the movement of proteins can be visualised and measured down to the nanometre level.
"Some of the challenges with smFRET include the very large data that are produced, and the steps that researchers need to take to process the images before analysis," explains lead author Johannes Thomsen, who carried out this study as a Research Assistant at the University of Copenhagen, Denmark, and has since graduated with a PhD.
"Machine learning technologies, especially deep neural networks, have significantly improved our ability to understand large datasets without the need for human intervention. We wanted to see whether employing these technologies to smFRET data would allow automated, fast characterisation of protein motions, independently of human experts."
The team chose to use a type of deep learning called deep neural networks (DNN). Deep learning is a unique branch of machine learning that takes the raw form of the data and looks for patterns with no prior 'knowledge'. It has the advantage of learning useful features from raw data without time-intensive pre-processing, and offers a 'less opinionated' evaluation of the data, compared with the more subjective analysis by humans.
DNN has a further advantage in that it can learn to recognise important aspects of the data and then classify it into groups. Although developing a DNN is a computationally intensive process that can take time, once trained the model can be used easily, and by non-experts, in any computer.
The tool, DeepFRET, imports raw microscope images, locates the two different fluorescence signals, corrects for background noise and, with limited human help, produces a chart showing the motion of the molecules within the sample.
When tested with simulated and real data, its accuracy at detecting meaningful patterns from the data was more than 95%, outperforming human operators and yet only needing 1% of the time. The evaluation time for DeepFRET on a single piece of data (a trace) was around 50 milliseconds, whereas human reviewers spent an average of five seconds per trace.
"We have developed a machine learning method that can automatically, rapidly and reproducibly analyse recordings of the choreography of protein motions, with simple user interface that works on different operating systems," concludes senior author Nikos Hatzakis, Associate Professor at the University of Copenhagen, and Affiliate Associate Professor at the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen.
"The method works equally to or better than existing methods, and requires only minimal contribution by humans. It therefore offers a tool for people with limited expertise, which we hope will contribute to the standardisation and rapid expansion of this field of study." | <urn:uuid:0b4ef73d-3081-42d5-bab4-262e5f16fe74> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.azorobotics.com/News.aspx?newsID=11767 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.94105 | 743 | 3.421875 | 3 |
Get ready for the CO2-neutral future of energy
The rise of renewables is good for the planet. Converting renewable electricity into storable fuels spreads the benefit of carbon-neutral energy across sectors. The power-to-X process allows for just that. It is a transformation technology that converts electricity into carbon-neutral synthetic fuels, which can then be used in other sectors or be stored until needed.
Power-to-X: An effective and flexible way of controlling your CO2 footprint
Converting renewable electricity into synthetic gas or hydrogen makes CO2-neutral energy available whenever and wherever it is required.
Electricity can be much more than simply a final energy product. It can be a source of sustainable and resource-conserving power for the industrial, mobility and heating sectors coupled by PtX.
Electricity is converted into gases like hydrogen or methane (power-to-gas) or liquids like methanol (power-to-liquid). The gas, obtained from green renewable electricity, can immediately be fed into a gas pipeline, providing customers with CO2-neutral energy. Synthetic fuels or hydrogen can power the mobility sector (including ships and airplanes) and a variety of other applications and industries. It is an ideal solution for the carbon-neutral industrial, heating and mobility sector. Converted energy can also be easily stored for transportation without a pipeline or for later use.
MAN power-to-X (MAN PtX) is a sustainable solution for synthetic fuel production and long-term energy storage. Our technology extends to all sizes, from independent power producers to utilities. In 2013, we launched this technology with a 50 MW comprehensive plant solution. MAN Energy Solutions can also offer plants of various sizes which can be tailor-made to your requirements.
Power-to-X: A flexible conversion technology
You can use synthetic natural gas (SNG) in the existing gas infrastructure without any modifications. This gives this method an obvious advantage. CO2-neutral renewable energy is used to power an electrolysis plant, breaking water down into hydrogen and oxygen. The resulting hydrogen can be added to the natural gas grid or used as a fuel for other applications. Alternatively, carbon dioxide can be added to the hydrogen in a methanation reactor, resulting in synthetic methane, also known as SNG or e-gas. You can store SNG and use it directly as fuel for mobility or heating purposes.
Our PtL process involves converting hydrogen into methanol, which can play a key role in the sustainable production of synthetic fuels for road and air transport. It can be used directly by the mobility sector and the existing petrol or diesel infrastructure can easily be adapted to work with methanol.
A decarbonized power supply for industrial processes can take the form of chemicals such as ammonia, ethylene or propylene. You can supply your industrial customers with these chemicals by combining hydrogen with CO2, nitrogen or other compounds, triggering a chemical reaction which results in the desired product. As ever in PtX processes, the energy used to fuel these processes comes from renewable, CO2-neutral sources.
MAN Energy Solutions built Power-to-X plant for Audi
From 2013, Audi built and commercially operated a Power-to-Gas plant in Werlte, Germany which has now been taken over by kiwi AG. Thanks to our comprehensive process know-how, MAN Energy Solutions provided a complete MAN PtX solution including a methanation reactor as a single-source solution. The Power-to-X plant in Werlte provides superior SNG quality, which can be used for multiple purposes, such as the ElbBlue container vessel being the first ship in the world to run on synthetic fuel produced at the Werlte plant.
|Reactor output||6.3 MWel|
|Footprint||8m x 4m x 15,5m|
|Technology||Alkaline Electrolysis, Catalytic Methanation, Amine gas treating for CO2 separation|
|MAN’s work scope||Complete methanization sub-system|
MAN PrimeServ protects your energy assets from day one
Whether you feed energy into the grid or satisfy a localized demand, on land or at sea, our technicians provide what you need – where and when you need it, ensuring the availability, flexibility, and profitability of your plant.
How you benefit:
- Fast, reliable and expert customer support
- Prompt delivery of OEM spare parts
- Bespoke O&M contracts
- Global service – 24 hours a day, 365 days a year
Contact our MAN Energy & Storage support team
Looking to decarbonize? Interested in innovative solutions for efficient CO2-neutral energy supplies?
Substitute fossil fuels with CO2-neutral alternatives. Our single-source, cost-optimized concept opens up a new world of possibilities for the use of electricity. MAN power-to-X can play a major part in the puzzle of decarbonization. Talk to us to find out how this applies to your business.
The time is ripe for the sustainable engine solutions of the future. Here’s how MAN engineers are developing engines running on green fuels. | <urn:uuid:33633877-1caa-41a7-b788-764fd77cd03f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://man-es.com/energy-storage/solutions/power-to-x | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.886909 | 1,093 | 2.765625 | 3 |
View sample criminology research paper on police role in crime prevention. Browse other research paper examples for more inspiration. If you need a thorough research paper written according to all the academic standards, you can always turn to our experienced writers for help. This is how your paper can get an A! Feel free to contact our writing service for professional assistance. We offer high-quality assignments for reasonable rates.
Picture crime prevention as a leisurely river that flows toward the sea, fed by a network of streams, creeks, and other tributaries, some of which flow into the river alone, and others which first join with one another before reaching the river. In this analogy, we can think of the sea as the universe of formal and informal mechanisms used by society to deal with crime. Many rivers flow into this sea, including those that represent actions taken before, while, and after crime occurs. The crime prevention river contains all the mechanisms used by society to prevent crime before it occurs. The streams, creeks, and tributaries flowing into this river represent the many ‘‘streams of thought’’ about how to prevent crime, who should do it, and when it should be done. Crime prevention is not a single set of uniform tools; it represents a complex amalgam of ideas emerging from various academic disciplines like psychology, sociology, geography, and criminology. Current knowledge about effective crime prevention strategies comes from evaluation research and anecdotes about successful and unsuccessful programs and strategies used in the past. Some of these strategies have very little to do with the police, while others involve the police in important ways. Crime prevention efforts involving the police represent just one stream among many types of crime prevention efforts. This research paper contains a brief overview of the methods used by the police to prevent crime, and how those methods have evolved in recent years.
Crime prevention has been one of the primary mandates of police organizations since the establishment of the first ‘‘modern’’ style police agency, the London Metropolitan Police, in 1829. Throughout much of the twentieth century, U.S. police agencies relied on three core operational strategies for preventing and controlling crime: random preventive patrol, rapid response to calls-for-service from citizens, and retrospective investigation of criminal offenses. Evaluation research in the 1970s cast doubt on the effectiveness of these strategies for preventing crime. The Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment, for instance, found that changing the level of patrol coverage had no effect on crime, citizen fear of crime, and several other outcome variables (Kelling et al.). Other evaluation research showed that rapid response to calls for service from citizens does not increase the likelihood of preventing a crime or apprehending an offender (Van Kirk; Spelman and Brown). Evaluations of the criminal investigation process demonstrated that the success of a criminal investigation depends in large part on the willingness of witnesses to provide information to police (Greenwood and Petersilia). Finally, evidence from dozens of studies suggests that increasing the number of officers does not improve the ability of the police to reduce crime (Eck and Maguire). Research evidence on the ineffectiveness of traditional police strategies to reduce, control, or prevent crime led noted policing scholar David Bayley to declare boldly that:
The police do not prevent crime. This is one of the best kept secrets of modern life. Experts know it, the police know it, but the public does not know it. Yet the police pretend that they are society’s best defense against crime and continually argue that if they are given more resources, especially personnel, they will be able to protect communities against crime. This is a myth. (p. 3)
Faced with alarming evidence on the ineffectiveness of their core strategies, police agencies have been experimenting with new methods and strategies for preventing crime. Furthermore, policing as an institution has adopted a much more open perspective toward evaluation research as a strategy for testing innovative strategies. This openness and curiosity on the part of police executives has led to a culture of experimentation among police practitioners and a profusion of studies by scholars on what works in policing. Two influential articles by noted policing scholars helped to fuel the fire of innovation.
In 1979, University of Wisconsin law professor Herman Goldstein published an article in the journal Crime and Delinquency (1979) entitled ‘‘Improving Policing: A Problem-Oriented Approach.’’ In this article, Goldstein sketched the foundation for a new theory of police effectiveness. He argued that police agencies are so preoccupied with internal matters such as efficiency, equipment, technology, and operating routines, that they tend to lose sight of their purpose. Goldstein recommended that police agencies should stop treating ‘‘incidents’’ as their primary unit of work. Since incidents are often symptoms of one or more underlying problems, Goldstein argued, police should attempt to identify and solve problems rather than simply responding to incidents.
In 1982, James Q. Wilson and George Kelling published their famous article, ‘‘Broken Windows: The Police and Neighborhood Safety,’’ in Atlantic Monthly. Wilson and Kelling claimed that the police had become so narrowly focused on serious crime that they tended to view other important community problems, such as disorder, as outside the scope of their responsibilities. Wilson and Kelling used broken windows as a metaphor for neighborhood disorder, arguing that unchecked disorder is an open invitation to further disorder and more serious crime. The implications for police strategy were clear: agencies need to reorient police resources toward maintaining order and preventing crime. Police officers around the world can now be heard talking about fixing ‘‘broken windows.’’
Both articles emerged at an important juncture in police history. Several contemporary evaluations of team policing and community relations units had been fairly pessimistic about the ability of the police to forge and sustain improved relationships with the community (Sherman et al., 1973). A spate of other evaluation research challenged the efficacy of traditional police practices such as random preventive patrol, criminal investigation, and rapid response to calls-for-service from the public (Bayley). These two articles served an important role, emerging at a time when scholars and practitioners were struggling to redefine the proper role of police in a democratic society. While there were clear differences between the two reform strategies, both made some similar prescriptions: first, police need to expand their mandate beyond crime to include disorder and other persistent community problems; second, in responding to these problems, police need to be proactive rather than simply reactive. Crime prevention played a significant role in each reform strategy. Together, these strategies combined with other forces (such as organizational change reforms in the public and private sectors) to accelerate the birth of the community policing movement.
Throughout the 1980s, these ideas were tested in several cities, including Baltimore County, Maryland, Madison, Wisconsin, and Newport News, Virginia. By the late 1980s, police agencies were beginning to take crime prevention seriously, experimenting with a number of crime prevention strategies as part of a broader effort to implement community-oriented and problemoriented policing. By the early 1990s, community policing was quickly becoming a household term, playing a major role in President Clinton’s 1992 presidential campaign and the 1994 Crime Act. Crime prevention is only one component of community policing. Other overlapping elements include community partnerships, problem-solving, and a variety of organizational changes designed to make police agencies more flexible and responsive. Nonetheless, crime prevention is a core element of community policing, and the degree to which police agencies now take crime prevention seriously is due in large part to the success of the community policing movement. Under community policing, preventing crime means working together with communities, learning about their problems, and designing unique solutions to these problems. Thousands of police agencies throughout the United States now claim to have adopted a proactive or preventive approach to crime (Maguire et al.). Researchers are still examining the validity of these claims.
Not all crime prevention activities involve the police, and of those that do, some did not emerge from the community policing movement. Next we explore two other streams of crime prevention thought: environmental criminology and community crime prevention. Both evolved independently of the police, but over time began to involve the police to some extent. Both also now occupy a role in the larger community policing movement.
Ecology is a branch of the biological sciences that studies the relationships between organisms and their environment. Robert Park was the first scholar to apply an ecological perspective to social science, studying the growth of cities in the United States (Bohm). The human, or social ecological, model was later applied to criminology by Clifford Shaw and Henry McKay, who described it as the ‘‘social disorganization’’ perspective. Shaw and McKay (1931) hypothesized that delinquency was not merely a product of inner personal conflicts, but of environmental factors particular to certain identifiable neighborhoods. They concluded that delinquency was the result of a ‘‘detachment from conventional groups’’ caused by social disorganization in certain areas of a city. Sampson and Groves (1989) retested this theory and found five indicators of social disorganization: (1) lower economic status of residents; (2) diverse ethnic backgrounds of residents; (3) frequent residential turnover; (4) high level of dysfunction in families; and (5) urbanization (Bohm, pp. 72–75). Shaw and McKay’s work provided the theoretical roots of environmental criminology, which is based on the important role of the ‘‘place’’ or the environment in shaping crime.
In 1961, Jane Jacobs examined the relationship between physical environment and crime in her book The Death and Life of Great American Cities. Her thesis was that less anonymity and isolation would lead to a reduction in crime in urban residential areas. C. Ray Jeffrey’s influential book, Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (1971), argued that modifying specific features of neighborhood design will reduce crime. In 1972, Oscar Newman argued that communities need to establish ‘‘Defensible Space,’’ the title of his book. According to Newman, defensible space ‘‘is a model for residential environments which inhibits crime by creating the physical expression of a social fabric that defends itself’’ (p. 3). Both Jeffrey and Newman suggested that modifying the architecture of urban neighborhoods would reduce crime. Given a more adequate environmental design, residents will change their behavior and defend their territory against criminals (Murray). By the mid-1970s, major demonstration projects were established to test these hypotheses. The Law Enforcement Assistance Administration funded a multimillion-dollar project to extend the concept of defensible space to other environments, such as a residential area, a transportation system, a commercial strip, and a school (Murray). In addition to their implications for architecture, engineering, and urban planning, both Defensible Space and Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design have also become well-known concepts in policing.
In 1979, Cohen and Felson proposed the ‘‘routine activities’’ theory of crime. They argued that crime results when three elements converge in space and time: (1) a motivated offender; (2) a suitable target; and (3) the absence of a capable guardian (Felson, 1998, p. 53). According to routine activities theory, crime is most likely to occur when these three conditions occur simultaneously in some time and place. For example, if the owners of a new car (a suitable target) leave their keys in the ignition while they run into the store (absence of a capable guardian) in a high-crime neighborhood (pool of motivated offenders), then the probability that the car will be stolen is increased. Routine activities theory has direct implications for crime prevention. To prevent crime, we must alter at least one of its ‘‘ingredients’’: the offender, the target, or the degree of protection or guardianship. The most effective crime prevention strategies will focus on all three of these elements.
In 1981, Paul and Patricia Brantingham combined the ideas of social ecology, social disorganization theory, crime prevention through environmental design, defensible space, and routine activities theory into a single theoretical framework with their book Environmental Criminology. According to the Brantinghams, a criminal event is the convergence in time and space of a law, an offender, and a target. Unlike most criminologists who focus on the ‘‘root causes’’ of crime, environmental criminologists are concerned with the criminal event itself. Environmental criminology has highlighted the significant role of the ‘‘place’’ in generating criminal events (Brantingham and Brantingham, p. 18).
While crime prevention strategies are implicit in the theory of environmental criminology, they are the explicit focus of situational crime prevention. Throughout the late 1970s and early 1980s, Ronald Clarke developed the situational crime prevention strategy. Rather than basing crime prevention strategies on traditional ‘‘root cause’’ theories, Clarke’s crime prevention strategies represent an applied form of environmental criminology, focusing on practical strategies to reduce the likelihood of a criminal event. Situational crime prevention attempts to reduce the opportunity for specific crimes by permanently manipulating the immediate environment to increase the risk of crime while reducing its perceived rewards.
Situational crime prevention strategies abound. Airports installed metal detectors to prevent hijacking. Libraries and stores made it more difficult to steal books and other items by installing electronic access control inserts. Caller ID programs reduced the number of obscene phone calls by taking away the caller’s anonymity (Clarke, p. 22). Observe that these practical strategies do not attempt to change the behavior of offenders; they focus solely on preventing the criminal event. Unlike many other crime prevention strategies, the police are not responsible for administering situational crime prevention. It is done by merchants, governments, architects, and others with a vested interest in reducing crime. Yet, as more police departments adopt problemoriented policing strategies, they rely on situational crime prevention techniques to analyze and respond to various types of offenses. Environmental criminology and situational crime prevention emerged independently of the police, but both now have an important influence on the practice of policing.
Community Crime Prevention
Community crime prevention is based upon the premise that private citizens can play a major role in preventing crime in their neighborhoods. Community crime prevention programs focus on ‘‘increasing the participation of individual citizens, small groups, and voluntary community organizations in activities designed to reduce crime and to improve the quality of neighborhood life’’ (Rosenbaum, p. 324).
According to Rosenbaum, community crime prevention has consistently evolved since the 1960s, when most formal crime programs constituted little more than a ‘‘public relations tactic’’ by police to improve their image. In the mid1970s, police departments began to instruct community members about individual and collective crime prevention techniques. However, police limited the scope of responsibilities they granted to citizens by only allowing them to act as ‘‘eyes and ears’’ for the police. Toward the end of the 1970s, two federal crime prevention initiatives allocated money to community programs rather than to police: the 1977 Community Anti-Crime Program and the 1980 Urban Crime Prevention Program. During the 1980s, many scholars put more faith in community efforts to prevent crime than in law enforcement. According to Rosenbaum, ‘‘we have learned since, however, that community groups are quite limited in preventing urban crime without the support of law enforcement, adequate funding, and considerable technical assistance’’ (p. 325).
Three programs (known as the ‘‘Big Three’’) have played a major role in citizen crime prevention in the United States: crime prevention security surveys, Operation Identification, and Neighborhood Watch. Security surveys have long been utilized as a tool for identifying targets that are vulnerable to crime, whether a poorly lit walkway or an unlocked window. Rosenbaum describes a security survey as ‘‘a detailed on-site inspection of the dwelling unit and the surrounding area by a crime prevention expert to identify deficiencies or security risks; to define the protection needs; and, to make recommendations to minimize criminal opportunity’’ (p. 341). Not surprisingly, local police are often the crime prevention experts called upon to conduct these surveys.
Operation Identification, first initiated in California in 1963, involves engraving and/or marking personal property with a unique code identifiable to the owner. Marking personal property is intended to deter potential burglars by reducing the value of the merchandise (marked property is worth less than unmarked property). An owner will also be able to recognize the marked property, which in turn can sometimes be used to link the burglar to the crime scene and increase the risk of apprehension (Rosenbaum). In 1994, Whitaker found that 25 percent of all U.S. households participated in Operation Identification (Whitaker).
Neighborhood watch programs are intended to reduce the opportunities to commit crime by increasing the guardianship exercised by local residents. Neighborhood watch meetings encourage residents to work together in making neighborhoods safer, watching each others’ property, and creating a stronger sense of community. Garafolo and McLeod surveyed 550 Neighborhood Watch programs and found that most included property marking (81 percent), home security surveys (68 percent), meetings to plan and exchange neighborhood information (61 percent), and neighborhood newsletters (54 percent). In addition, more than one-third involved efforts to improve the physical environment (Garafolo and McLeod). Thus, Neighborhood Watch is sometimes a forum for combining separate crime prevention strategies.
Once again, community crime prevention has its own history that is at least partially independent of the police. Yet, as Rosenbaum reports, the community is only one element of the crime prevention equation. Working alone and without funding, citizens are likely to accomplish little. Working together with local police agencies, they have the capacity to prevent crime. That is one of the fundamental elements of community policing. Under a community policing philosophy, police agencies are expected to forge new relationships with the community, consulting, and mobilizing them to take partial responsibility for preventing crime in their own neighborhoods.
Modern police organizations were established to prevent and respond to crime. For several decades, evaluation research has cast doubt upon traditional strategies of policing. Police organizations around the world are now experimenting with new methods for controlling and preventing crime. Several crime prevention strategies have also emerged independently of the police. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, police organizations turned to community policing as a method for reducing and preventing crime while improving relationships with their communities. During this period, several streams of crime prevention thought began to converge: environmental criminology, situational crime prevention, community crime prevention, and problem-oriented policing. As the community policing movement continues to spread, these perspectives have had more and more influence on police policy. While crime prevention has emerged from many sources, the police continue to play an important role in its implementation.
- BAYLEY, DAVID Police for the Future. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994.
- BENNETT, TREVOR. ‘‘Situational Crime Prevention from the Offenders’ Perspective.’’ In Situational Crime Prevention: From Theory into Practice. Edited by Kevin Heal and Gloria Laycock. London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1986.
- BOHM, ROBERT A Primer on Crime and Delinquency. Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth Publishing Company, 1997.
- BRANTINGHAM, PAUL, and BRANTINGHAM, PATRICIA L. Environmental Criminology. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage, 1981.
- CLARKE, RONALD Situational Crime Prevention. New York: Harrow and Heston, 1992.
- COHEN, LAWRENCE, and FELSON, MARCUS. ‘‘Social Change and Crime Rate Trends—A Routine Activity Approach.’’ American Sociological Review 44, no. 4 (1979): 588–608.
- ECK, JOHN, and MAGUIRE, EDWARD R. ‘‘Have Changes in Policing Reduced Violent Crime? An Assessment of the Evidence.’’ In The Crime Drop. Edited by Alfred Blumstein and Joel Wallman. New York: Cambridge University Press. Forthcoming.
- FEELEY, MALCOM, and SARAT, AUSTIN D. The Policy Dilemma. Minneapolis, Minn.: University of Minnesota Press, 1980.
- FELSON, MARCUS. Crime & Everyday Life. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Pine Forge Press, 1998.
- GARAFOLO, J., and MCLEOD, M. Improving the Effectiveness and Utilization of Neighborhood Watch Programs: Executive Summary. Albany: State University of New York at Albany, National Institute of Justice, 1987.
- GOLDSTEIN, HERMAN. ‘‘Improving Policing: A Problem-Oriented Approach.’’ Crime and Delinquency 25 (1979): 236–258.
- GREENWOOD, P., and PETERSILIA, J. The Criminal Investigation Process. 1, Summary and Policy Implications. Washington, D.C.; National Institute of Justice, 1975.
- KELLING, GEORGE, et al. The Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment: A Summary Report. Washington, D.C.: National Institute of Justice, 1974.
- MAGUIRE, EDWARD; KUHNS, JOSEPH B.; UCHIDA, CRAIG D.; and COX, STEPHEN M. ‘‘Patterns of Community Policing in Nonurban America.’’ Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 34, no. 3 (1997): 368–394.
- MAZEROLLE, LORRAINE GREEN; KADLECK, COLLEEN; and ROEHL, JAN. ‘‘Controlling Drug and Disorder Problems: The Role of Place Managers.’’ Criminology 36, no. 2 (1998): 371–403.
- MURRAY, CHARLES. ‘‘The Physical Environment.’’ In Edited by James Q. Wilson and Joan Petersilia. San Francisco, Calif.: ICS Press, 1995. Pages 349–362.
- NEWMAN, OSCAR. Defensible Space: Crime Prevention Through Urban Design. New York: Macmillan, 1972.
- ROSENBAUM, DENNIS ‘‘Community Crime Prevention: A Review and Synthesis of the Literature.’’ Justice Quarterly 5, no. 3 (1988): 323– 395.
- SAMPSON, ROBERT, and GROVES, W. BYRON. ‘‘Community Structure and Crime: Testing Social Disorganization Theory.’’ American Journal of Sociology 94 (1989): 774–802.
- SAMPSON, ROBERT; RAUDENBUSH, STEPHEN W.; and EARLS, FELTON. ‘‘Neighborhoods and Violent Crime: A Multilevel Study of Collective Efficacy.’’ Science 277 (1997): 918–924.
- SHAW, CLIFFORD, and MCKAY, HENRY D. Social Factors in Juvenile Delinquency. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1931.
- SHERMAN, LAWRENCE; MILTON, C.; and KELLY, T. ‘‘Team Policing: Seven Case Studies.’’ Washington, D.C.: Police Foundation, 1973.
- SHERMAN LAWRENCE; GARTIN, PATRICK R.; and BUERGER, MICHAEL E. ‘‘Hot Spots of Predatory Crime: Routine Activities and the Criminology of Place.’’ Criminology 27, no. 1 (1989): 27– 55.
- SHERMAN, LAWRENCE ‘‘The Police.’’ In Crime. Edited by James Q. Wilson and Joan Petersilia. San Francisco, Calif.: ICS Press, 1995. Pages 327–348.
- SHERMAN, LAWRENCE ‘‘Policing for Crime Prevention.’’ In Preventing Crime: What Works, What Doesn’t, What’s Promising. University of Maryland, Office of Justice Programs, Research Report. Washington, D.C., 1997.
- SPELMAN, W., and BROWN, D. Calling the Police: Citizen Reporting of Serious Crime. Washington, D.C.: National Institute of Justice, 1981.
- VAN KIRK, M. Response-time Analysis: Executive Summary. Washington, D.C.: National Institute of Justice, 1978.
- WALKER, SAMUEL. The Police in America: An Introduction. New York: McGraw Hill Book Company, 1983.
- WHITAKER, C. J. Crime Prevention Measures. Washington, D.C.: National Institute of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 1986.
- WILSON, JAMES, and KELLING, GEORGE L. ‘‘Broken Windows: The Police and Neighborhood Safety.’’ Atlantic Monthly 249 (March 1982): 29–38. | <urn:uuid:f4ef038a-9722-4132-8a84-7fbe11438300> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.iresearchnet.com/research-paper-examples/criminology-research-paper/police-role-in-crime-prevention/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.926058 | 5,277 | 3.140625 | 3 |
By Gale Courey Toensing for Indian Country Today Media Network
. . . The mayor of Connecticut’s biggest city has written to the Bureau of Indian Affairs applauding the agency’s proposed new regulations for the federal acknowledgment process. The proposed regulations aim to reform a system that almost everyone has described as “broken” for the past two decades.
Bridgeport Mayor Bill Finch objected to one item in the BIA proposal, however — a provision that would prevent the federal government from reconsidering the petitions of three tribes the state has recognized since the 17th and early 18th centuries when it started expropriating their lands. The provision would give third parties the power to stop tribes that have been denied recognition to seek reconsideration under the new regulations.
“If, as you say in your announcement released on May 22nd, that ‘Reform of the process is long-overdue’ and that a number of tribes were denied recognition under the current regulations, those tribes should be afforded due process under the revised provisions,” Finch wrote in a short letter to Interior Department Assistant Secretary — Indian Affairs Kevin K. Washburn on September 30. That was the last day of the comment period, which Washburn had extended for 60 days from its original August 30 deadline.
“A third party should not receive veto powers concerning reconsideration. That is not a state’s rights issue or the province of an individual or corporation,” Finch continued. “Rather, the third party should be offered the opportunity to submit documentation in the acknowledgment process that documents why a petitioner has not fulfilled the criteria for acknowledgment. All parties should receive appropriate notice but the regulations must address the Federal relationship with the Native American tribe without the outright denial by a third party without necessarily evaluating the facts of the petitioner.”
Finch’s support for Indian nations is at odds with the state’s entire congressional delegation of two senators, five representatives, Gov. Dannel Malloy, State Attorney General George Jepson and a coalition of town mayors and selectmen – all led by Sen. Richard Blumenthal (D-CT), who has been an Indian fighter for more than 20 years. . . | <urn:uuid:7e5edb9e-21ec-4436-b800-a99fb6fbd64f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://schaghticoke.com/2014/10/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.959527 | 451 | 1.625 | 2 |
- Deutsche Bank fine of £226.8 million is highest yet in LIBOR scandal.
- FCA lack quantitative analysis in reports
On April 23, 2015, the UK’s Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”) fined Deutsche Bank GBP 226.8 million for its role in manipulating LIBOR, the largest fine it has issued to date in respect of LIBOR manipulation. In this research alert, Fideres gives an overview of the industry-wide LIBOR fines and their implication for private lawsuits.
Overview of FCA Principle Breaches
The chart below summarises the breaches of the FCA Principles for Business by various banks as identified in the FCA’s reports on LIBOR manipulation.1 While some principles, such as 3 and 5, were found to have been breached by every bank fined to date, others, such as 2 and 11, were broken only by one or two banks. The full definitions of each principle can be found here.
Overview of Fines Imposed
The following chart provides an overview of the fines imposed to date for LIBOR manipulation, broken down between the EU, and the US and UK.2 As can be seen, the fines recently imposed on Deutsche Bank are significantly larger than those imposed on any other bank.
Manipulation Period Covered by FCA Notices
The chart below highlights the period containing the dates identified by the FCA as dates on which LIBOR manipulation took place.3 We also plot the potential suppression of USD LIBOR identified by Fideres’ proprietary statistical models.4 While we touch on this in more detail in the following section, the key point to note here is that the vast majority of the dates identified by the FCA fall before some of the key periods of potential suppression that we have identified, particularly around the Eurozone crisis.
Room for Improvement
While it is, undoubtedly, encouraging to see banks being held accountable for their actions, there are a number of omissions common to the FCA reports that we feel need to be addressed moving forward:
- Lack of suppression findings – Despite the hefty fines imposed by the FCA (and other regulators), the majority of the regulatory findings concerned occasional, day-to-day manipulation driven by the relevant banks’ exposures to the fixing on the given day. In terms of private lawsuits, the likely impact of focusing on sporadic manipulation is small damages, except for the possibility of rescission of impacted transactions. What is lacking is any real focus on the potential suppression of LIBOR that, as highlighted by Fideres’ research, may have been present between 2007 and 2012.5 Such findings would likely lead to significantly higher damages.
- Lack of quantitative analysis used – What was clear from the FCA’s reports was the lack of use of quantitative, data-driven analysis in arriving at their conclusions. While online chats and telephone calls between traders were a fruitful source of information, the crackdown imposed by banks on such communications may reduce the effectiveness of such analysis in future scandals.
- No pointing towards systematic cultural issues – Much of the FCA’s findings were focused on the failure of management to exercise sufficient control to prevent individual traders from engaging in manipulative practices in respect of LIBOR. The systematic cultural issues in the banking industry that have pervaded many of the recent benchmark scandals were not addressed.
Please contact us at firstname.lastname@example.org if:
- You would like to discuss any of this information further;
- You have a client portfolio that you believe may have been impacted by the alleged LIBOR manipulation; or
- You would like to discuss specific information on which classes of investors are most likely to have been impacted by the alleged LIBOR manipulation.
- FCA LIBOR notices.
- Financial Times. ‘Deutsche Bank pays record fine for Libor manipulation’. April 23, 2015.
- FCA LIBOR notices.
- Bloomberg data, Fideres’ calculations
- Pressure from management to keep LIBOR submissions low was touched on in the FCA notices for Barclays, Lloyds and UBS.
Steffen is a founding partner of Fideres with over 18 years’ experience in structured products and complex derivatives across all major asset classes. Steffen is responsible for the quantitative analysis of consulting mandates and has handled various complex benchmark manipulation cases, including LIBOR and ISDAfix, and cases relating to the mis-selling of structured product and derivatives. Prior to founding Fideres, he held a senior position at The Royal Bank of Scotland were he moved to after working for 5 years at Deutsche Bank. Steffen holds a master-level degree in Mathematics from the University of Erlangen, the Certificate of Advanced Studies in Mathematics (Part III) from the University of Cambridge and an MSc in Financial Engineering and Quantitative Analysis from the ICMA Centre at the University of Reading. | <urn:uuid:c44e8cf7-b027-47ca-90d6-be6bfcc742cc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fideres.com/libor-fines-suppressing-the-truth/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.945751 | 1,011 | 1.640625 | 2 |
This pedagogical implementation study advocates for performance-driven assessments to help learners become aware of and improve upon presentational speaking skills at the advanced level. A social media content creation tool, Adobe Spark Video, enabled learners to practice oral skills outside of class. The task design, implementation, and evaluation met the principle objectives of learner autonomy—namely awareness, choice, reflection, and goal setting. A step-by-step guide with examples and survey results about student perceptions is included. While the case study targeted upper-division Spanish majors, the pedagogical model could be adapted for intermediate and advanced learners of any second or foreign language.
This document was originally published in Language Learning & Technology by Language Learning & Technology. Copyright restrictions may apply. http://llt.msu.edu/issues/october2017/arispeburston.html
Arispe, Kelly and Burston, Jack. (2017). "Making It Personal: Performance-Based Assessments, Ubiquitous Technology, and Advanced Learners". Language Learning & Technology, 21(3), 44-58. | <urn:uuid:0fa56012-098f-4a18-a159-2f7deff824a9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/lang_facpubs/75/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.833929 | 247 | 2.671875 | 3 |
LIVER DISEASE & VITAMIN A TOXICITY
GET YOUR LIFE BACK
Once you understand that the root cause of all our lifestyle diseases, and many of the mental health disorders, is a poisoning, you’ll understand why many of the various therapies you tried to get better, are utterly useless.
The latest findings uncovered the disastrous effects that “vitamin a” can have on our health and the question arises if this molecule might not be a vitamin at all.
WHAT EXACTLY DO I MEAN?
VITAMIN A = POISON
The key thing to understand is that Vitamin A is not just a direct poison just at high doses. That is a myth. It can be a toxin at any dose. High doses equal the sum of many small doses.
It is well-known that Vitamin A can cause toxicity in humans and animals. It occurs when you have too much Vitamin A in your body. This condition, called Hypervitaminosis A may be acute or chronic. Acute toxicity occurs after consuming large amounts of Vitamin A over a short period, typically within a few hours or days. Chronic toxicity occurs when large amounts of Vitamin A build up in your body over a long period. Just to be clear here, what I am talking about is not at all classic Hypervitaminosis A. No, it’s far worse because we deal with saturation levels.
This chronic Vitamin A toxicity is a slow build up over years and decades until parts of the body are near saturated. The body then remains in a state of chronic subtle overflow due to the saturation of what now becomes a toxin. Think of it like a bathtub, once it is full every additional drop will get the water to flow over. This process is so well documented and clinically proven, that we can consider it to be an absolute fact. So what could cause the head to toe self-destruction of the human body that we see with the autoimmune diseases? Well, it’s actually a well-proven, and well-documented (read my collection of studies) fact too. It is retinoic acid.
“The basic premise is that many Autoimmune diseases are caused by being in a chronic state of elevated storage levels of retinol, retinoic acid and possibly the carotenoid Vitamin A precursor”.
HOW CAN A "VITAMIN" CAUSE ALL THIS?
We all can tolerate a certain amount of this so called “Vitamin”. We’re built to handle a certain amount. But we started mega dosing this substance with concentrated pills and liquids, medications and skin care products, fortified foods, not eating seasonal anymore, and health food fetishes that often involve supra natural doses of Carotenoids (like juicing carrots). The liver quickly absorbs and stores away the Vitamin A.
At one point the liver can no longer quickly absorb and store our massive intake of Vitamin A, and it will remain in the blood serum longer. Our body’s dedicated and normal storage function is overwhelmed. The result will be sporadic or chronic excessive Vitamin A levels in the serum. Other systems and organs are now attempting to contain this overflow by storing the free floating Vitamin A in the fats. This secondary safe and natural Vitamin A wrapper buys us a little more time before our immune system responds with an attack.
But eventually all the fat stores are filled up and you slowly gotten yourself into a Vitamin A toxicity state.
I am a leading expert in the treatment and diagnosis of Vitamin A toxicity issues. Part of my blood test panel includes the serum Vitamin A (also called serum retinol) blood test. This is the only widely available blood test for Vitamin A, and when interpreted correctly (my ranges are much different from the “standard” ranges), gives me and my clients a good idea of what to expect, in terms of things like time and symptom intensity, during the Vitamin A Detox process.Hair Mineral Analysis and Blood Testing
This test is best done at the very start of working with me. If it is needed or wanted again later, that is decided between me and my client. To help you overcome this chronic state of “Vitamin A Toxicity” and getting your health back I have developed a special “Detox Program”. It includes foods lists, detox strategies, what to expect when detoxing, helpful tips and a membership in my private Blog Forum. Click the link below to purchase the membership.
If you would like to work with me in person you can choose one of my Nutrition Detective Consultation Packages. The personal program in these packages have the “Vitamin A Detox” program included.Schedule a Consultation
LOVE YOUR LIVER MEMBERSHIP
Here is what you get in the Love Your Liver, Poison/”Vitamin A” and Glyphosate Detox Program and B.A.D.-A.G. Protocol:
B - BANISH
How to get Poison/”Vitamin A” out of your body for good, the most important detox processes that almost no one understands or applies properly!
A - AGITATE
There are many compounds that can “Agitate” Poison/”Vitamin A” in the system, stirring it up and increasing one’s suffering through the process, while not making anything actually go faster. Knowing about these REALLY helps the process go smoother!
D - DEFENSE
When Poison/”Vitamin A” is floating around in your tissues and bloodstream, like it is right now and will still be doing so through the Detox, it is causing damage. Certain foods and supplements can greatly help protect your cells and reduce this damage as one goes through the process.
A - AVOID A
These are the food, supplement, and personal product lists to avoid on the Detox program. There is also a huge OK foods list, that has Poison/”Vitamin A” and Glyphosate Detox “superfoods” on it. The whole is more than the sum of the parts, and this Detox program is way more than just “low Vitamin A” food lists!
G - GET GLYPHOSATE GONE
This section goes over how to avoid glyphosate, as well as the best science currently available in terms of using supplements to help detox it. More importantly, we cover which toxic supplements that are recommended on the internet to AVOID so you don’t trade fixing one toxicity problem only to get another one!
CALL TO ACTION
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Be part of a community where you’ll get to work with hundreds of other like-minded people searching for better, healthier ways of living and having a refuge from the toxic disaster of modern nutrition.View Membership
Small group or private sessions, Individualized Nutritional Restoration Treatment Plan prepared by Dr. Smith and Lifetime Access to the Love Your Liver Course are just a few of our features.Book Now | <urn:uuid:1747084e-88d8-4fb3-9019-625166810f62> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nutritiondetective.com/pages/toxicity | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.921826 | 1,558 | 2.5 | 2 |
The electric grid has transformed significantly over the last decade, according to the U.S. Department of Energy’s two-yearly review on the status of the smart grid system nationally, released in May 2022. The growing mix of renewable energy resources, electric vehicles, and interactive buildings in the U.S. is making the grid increasingly complex.
According to the Department of Energy (DOE) report, the evolving electrical grid requires a new operating structure with advanced functional capabilities, the ability to manage variable power output, fluctuating and unpredictable load patterns, and bidirectional power flow. Plus, these requirements are all in addition to the ability to enable novel grid designs. It also requires “effective, time-dependent coordination among all participants (utilities, market operators, and emerging players)” in order to ensure the reliability of operations and functions.
The top seven trends highlighted in the report include:
- The evolution of various distributed energy resources (DERs), which usually are not owned by the utility, shifts the operational model from a control framework to a framework of control and coordination.
- Grid modernization is a necessary aspect of an integrated planning process.
- A “whole-systems approach” to resilience planning is critical for informing investments in smart grid.
- Research and development combined with technology demonstrations focused on system integration are needed to shift from legacy to modern grid infrastructures.
- Managing cyber risks is essential to smart grid implementation.
- Obtaining plug-and-play interoperability will continue to be a long-term challenge.
- The skills of the utility workforce must transform to support modern grid technologies.
Modern Utilities Are Seeking Workers in Seven Key Fields
As the grid modernizes, the demand for utility workers with superior digital skills is rising—though they are not so easy to find. As such, utilities may need to train their current workforce to meet the demands of a transforming electrical grid.
“Developing a pipeline of qualified and diverse employees to support a more complex electric grid will be essential to the electric sector’s technological transition,” the DOE report states— especially given the “large waves of retirements” over the last ten years. “The skills required to plan, build, and operate the future grid effectively are changing rapidly, however, due to smart grid technology deployments and the changing grid resource mix.”
According to the report, the “pervasive application” of digital technology is making the industry more dependent on highly skilled workers specifically in the following fields:
- System architects
- Data scientists (for data management and analytics)
- Modeling and simulation experts
- IT/OT cybersecurity specialists
- Communications engineers
- Digital control engineers
Do you want to pursue a career in smart grid or expand your skills to include smart grid applications? Join the IEEE Academy on Smart Grid.
Grow and Demonstrate Your Knowledge on the Smart Grid
Primarily for engineers and technical professionals who work in industry, this online training includes two learning pathways: distribution automation and microgrids.
Available now on the IEEE Learning Network (ILN), the IEEE Academy on Smart Grid: Distribution Automation covers the fundamentals of the existing power distribution system, power distribution system processes, distribution system automation, distributed energy resource (DERs) integration, and more.
Focusing on microgrids as a critical and enabling link in the transition from bulk power systems to smart distributed grids, IEEE Academy on Smart Grid: Microgrid is coming soon!
2020 Smart Grid System. U.S. Department of Energy. | <urn:uuid:cbafdf0d-5b1a-4766-b36d-a1ebcce9b83f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://innovationatwork.ieee.org/doe-report-modern-utilities-depend-on-engineers-in-these-seven-fields-join-the-ieee-smart-grid-academy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.900915 | 738 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Various widespread everyday services for terrestrial usé some as surroundings forecasting , far off sensing , satellite tv on pc navigation systems, satellite tv on pc television , and some long-distance communications https://newpakelectric.com/2020/08/16/the-room-industry/ systems rely in space infrastructure Of the sciences critically, soil and astronomy development advantage from area technologies. Though its principal vision was to investigate Jupiter and Saturn-the cráft discovered volcanoes on Jupitér’s moon and new detaiIs about Saturn’s rings-Voyagér 1 has gone above and beyond in its query…literally. As air flow density increases, vehicle velocity converts the orbiter from á spacecraft to an plane. The Shuttle service can enhance capabilities to cónstruct large space structures for Iow-Earth and geosynchronous orbit appIications in space sciences and astrónomy. If, even so, individuals were being put on excursions to Mars or maybe various other spots that would have calendar months or maybe in fact a long time, such procedures would turn out to be substandard.
One advanced cable concept several to emerge during this time period‹the direct message cable (DBS)‹ differs fundamentally from traditionaI message advertising, including extant cable television system devices. The company had hoped to start a second test flight of LauncherOne in December 2020, but the continuous coronavirus pandemic has delayed thé flight. The commercialization of spacé first started out with thé filling of private satellites by NASA or other space agencies. Many of the consumers who all have gone into living space might be trained astronauts and cosmonauts highly, the two designations having originatéd present in the United State governments and the Soviet Nation, respectively.
Teaching companies with dedicated conveniences are available on the United Suggests, during NASA’s Manley Living space Concentrate on Houston, Mississippi; in Russia, at thé Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Exercising Core (often termed Super star Area), out in the open informative post Moscow; in Germany, át ESA’s American Astronaut Heart in Cologne; in Japan, át JAXA’s Tsukuba Room Facility, near Tokyo; and in Chiná, at Room Metropolis, in close proximity to Beijing. The accompanying report includes grammar and unveiling records for inactive spaceports also, which possess held orbital begins in the past, but are more extensive -active hardly any.
On the International Place Station we shall improve and know new ways to make certain astronauts are good, productive and healthy while researching, and we will continue develop our knowledge about how resources and biological devices behave outside of the infIuence of gravity. The Rockwell study foresaw thé primary contributions of a Iunar platform to be putting ticket for interorbital propulsion and próviding maintenance services for large énergy structures. These spaceports require structure distinct to every place vehicle. After the very first 20 years of search, focus moved from one-off flights tó alternative hardware, such as the Area Shuttle service plan, and from competition to coopération as with the International Area Station.
It is the simply individual firm capable of returning a good spacecraft from low-Earth órbit, and inside of 2012 our Dragon spacecraft became the initial professional spacecraft to deliver shipment to and from the Essential Place Stop. It hold the disparities of acquiring the very first universal remote celestial thing to get flown by, orbited, and landed upón by spacecraft, and the just universal remote celestial thing ever to get visited by human beings. 28 SpaceX event in which the company’s founder unveiled his approach for the bright new spacecraft. Another proposal to utilize room solutions supporters the use of nonterrestrial nutrient solutions inside the construction of several of the superior room methods and technologies previously discussed (39).
The Area Shuttle service will enhance greatly such armed service space capabilities. These missions were aimed at collecting data about present conditions and answering questions about the background of Mars. The United Launch Alliance, Orange Origin and SpaceX normally are not the only companies planning tó kick off new rockets in 2021. This will be the first of 11 missions launched over two years to fully construct the station and have it ready for trios of taikonaut crews to use for at least a decade. Then click an important spaceport to learn extra about the orbital vacation spots of each of each most important payload launched from that option. | <urn:uuid:0c416cf4-8092-466a-9bc9-2a3339beed16> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jasraj.us/sharealike-3-0-unported-closed-circuit-by-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.920862 | 923 | 2.609375 | 3 |
The research suggests that biodiversity hotspots – such as the Daintree Rainforest in Australia and the Cloud Forests of Ecuador – are teeming with species because they have been ecologically stable for long periods of time, allowing evolution to forge ahead undisturbed.
The findings highlight the threat posed by climate change to some of the most extraordinary places on earth and the importance of giving nature the protection it needs to thrive, the authors of the study say.
Ecologists have long sought to understand why some areas of the planet are extraordinarily rich in species. The research set out to find an answer by focusing on the Cape Floristic Region in South Africa, a non-tropical heartland of biodiversity with around ten times as many native plant species as the UK, squeezed into an area a little smaller than Belgium.
The international team of researchers – including scientists from the University of York (UK), Nelson Mandela University and the University of Cape Town – mapped the distributions of nearly all of the region’s 9400 plant species, from the king protea to the red disa.
They found that the region’s richness could be largely explained by the fact it had not experienced major changes in its climate over the past 140,000 years.
Previous scientific theories have suggested productivity – where large amounts of energy flow through an ecosystem – might explain biodiversity hotspots, but the researchers found this only played a minor role in the Cape Floristic Region’s thronging variety of life.
Co-author of the study, Dr Colin Beale from the Department of Biology at the University of York, said: “Our research focussed on the incredible diversity of the Cape Floristic Region because the competing theories of stability versus productivity can’t be untangled in the tropics, where both are true.
“Exceptions often clarify the rule and our research shows that the environmental history of a place is important to its levels of biodiversity.
“The results suggest that climatic variation will not affect the biodiversity of all regions evenly. The impact of climate change may be greater on areas where stability has been the norm over extremely long time periods. Similarly, near major ecological boundaries, such as forest to grasslands or shrublands to semi-desert, climate change is likely to cause major, long-lasting loss of biological diversity.”
Senior author, Dr Richard Cowling from Nelson Mandela University, added: “The extraordinary diversity of the Cape Floristic Region – as rich as the most diverse tropical forest regions – contradicts the long held theory that high productivity is a requisite for high plant diversity.
“Our study shows that the environmental stability of south-western South Africa, in conjunction with the region’s rugged topography, explains diversity gradients in the region. The same hypotheses can explain tropical diversity; there is no need to invoke productivity.”
Lead author, Dr Jonathan Colville from the University of Cape Town said: “In South Africa we are fortunate to not only have incredible biodiversity, but also a uniquely detailed knowledge of where these plants are found, thanks to the collections at SANBI. This rich resource enabled us to pull together an interdisciplinary team from South Africa and the UK to tackle one of the most challenging questions in ecology and highlights how important international collaborations are to the future success of South African research and the conservation of its biodiversity.”
Co-author, Prof Brian Huntly from Durham University said: “Of particular importance was a degree of climatic stability that enabled the same broad type of ecosystem, for example Fynbos shrubland, to persist in an area, in turn supporting the persistence of species adapted to that ecosystem.”
“Plant richness, turnover and evolutionary diversity track gradients of stability and ecological opportunity in a megadiversity centre” is published in PNAS. The research was carried out by the University of York, the University of Cape Town, Nelson Mandela University, the South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI), Durham University and Kew Gardens.
Header Image Credit : Stan Shebs | <urn:uuid:b191a48d-b56c-4356-b602-3d14e5982c06> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.heritagedaily.com/2020/08/scientists-discover-secret-behind-earths-biodiversity-hotspots/134556?noamp=mobile | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.932609 | 837 | 3.703125 | 4 |
Energizer 20l Bs Battery
Batteries are one of the most important power supply in this technology-based period, including cell phones, laptop computers, vehicles, power tools, as well as much more. Generally, many people toss batteries when they died as well as buy new ones. By doing this, made use of batteries are harming the atmosphere and burn your money. It would have been wonderful to understand a procedure to use the batteries much longer, which might conserve hundreds of bucks every year.
You can save your cash in the EZ Battery Reconditioning course, which can assist you utilize your batteries for a longer time. Let’s study the details via this EZ Battery Reconditioning evaluation. Energizer 20l Bs Battery
What is EZ Battery Reconditioning?Energizer 20l Bs Battery
EZ Battery Reconditioning is a method or procedure to give your old batteries a brand-new life. Nonetheless, it does not take a considerable time to make your made use of or dead batteries functioning once again. It just takes 10-20 minutes with the use of some devices.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
EZ Battery Reconditioning publication provides a comprehensive standard to replacing 10 battery kinds. After looking at EZ Battery Reconditioning publication pdf visitor can raise the life period of some batteries, including a medical house battery or golf cart, batteries of the ordinary car. You do not need to be an electronic devices guru to launch the process as well as provide a brand-new life to the batteries.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
Typically, golf carts, cars and trucks, and various other battery-based gadgets work on lead-acid and wet cell batteries. As well as more than likely, home plates of these cells or lead soak up sulfuric acid. Consequently, it produces power. As the battery obtains made use of, the performance lowered and also passed away at the end. So, the new battery gets changed with the old one, and also you wind up paying thousands of dollars annually.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
Considering the expense, if you might discover a method to use the old one over and over, you might save hundreds of dollars. This is where EZ Battery Reconditioning instructions been available in useful, where you can recondition the made use of batteries for future usage.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
EZ Battery Reconditioning training course pdf is readily available for download online, so it is not available in the stores.
Check out Energizer Portable Battery Charger
About the EZ Battery Reconditioning Program Creator EZ Battery Reconditioning is produced by Tom Ericson with the co-author Frank Thompson. Tom is a family man that resides in South Carolina with his wife and youngsters. They were having financial problems when the auto battery was dead. He had 2 options to invest his leftover cash on. Choice one was food for the kids, as well as the other one was purchasing a cars and truck battery. So, Ericson ends up getting food as well as can not pay the auto mechanic. Later, he calculated just how much his family members invested in batteries, as well as the result was shocking. Tom began looking into to discover a means to decrease costs on batteries.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
During that time, Tom was dealing with a golf firm where he satisfied Frank Thompson, referred to as “The Battery Man.” Thompson utilized ahead to Tom’s company to collect dead batteries, that then marketed those as reconditioned. Tom later on encouraged Thompson to share the keys of reconditioning the batteries.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
After listening to the process, they developed the EZ Battery Reconditioning program pdf book.
EZ Battery Reconditioning Program Inside EZ Battery Reconditioning directions are sold as an eBook. Because it is sold on-line and also can be reviewed by means of your PC, Phones, or tablet computers, you won’t find it in conventional stores. As quickly as you get the book, you can access it instantly. In addition, you will certainly obtain lifetime access to any future updates of the book via the member site created by Frank as well as Tom. As technology is always advancing, the new process may arise as well for new battery kinds. So, with life time gain access to, you can get all the upgraded procedure.
Additionally, you will get three even more benefit items also when you acquire EZ Battery Reconditioning. The incentives are-.
Dual your individual batteries’ life expectancy: It will take you via the actions you require to increase the battery life prior to they are dead. Furthermore, the book will certainly get you some ideas as well as techniques to make use of a battery thoroughly.
The procedure to start a Battery Business: With the EZ Battery guideline, you can begin a battery company from home. The Franks described this procedure, which has been doing battery company for more than 5 years. Below he described things and also planned to reproduce his organization.
Lifetime gain access to on future updates: Tom and Frank made a web site for the participants, which function as an EZ Battery Reconditioning forum, where members can talk about as well as share their ideas. Besides, course makers sign up with the discussion too and give an option if there are any problems.
In addition to these bonus offers, guide includes all the suggestions regarding the required tools and chemicals. EZ Battery Reconditioning will certainly not let you down as you will obtain whatever you needed to give your made use of battery second life.
Does EZ Battery Reconditioning Work?Energizer 20l Bs Battery
Yes, it functions like magic. We have checked the evaluation of EZ Battery Reconditioning from the real individuals. And we familiarize that all the customers got an acceptable outcome after making use of the book’s standards. The EZ battery refurbishing eBook provides step-by-step reconditioning of 10 kinds of batteries from home batteries to car batteries.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
Customers are currently conserving hundreds of bucks annually as they do not require to purchase new batteries anytime quickly. The only thing they have to purchase is a device required to refurbish the battery.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
Do this to Bring Old Batteries Back To Life Again – Just Like New.
How Does EZ Battery Reconditioning Work?Energizer 20l Bs Battery
You already understand that the EZ Battery Reconditioning overview works flawlessly for all. However, you may ask yourself just how does recondition job! Well, it is not rocket science. You may look into and find the methods also as it doesn’t need any kind of abilities. Allow’s see a look of the steps.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
Step 1 You need to get rid of the battery initially from the preferred electronic tools or vehicle. Nevertheless, make certain that you make use of protective gloves along with safety glasses to shield your eyes. You can reduce the possibilities of any type of uncommon mishap due to coming in contact with the acid discharged from the battery. Additionally, you have to disconnect any linked cords to the battery, additionally disconnect the power. These will ensure safety and stay clear of shocks.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
Action 2 After eliminating the battery from its location, you will need to clean it up. You can utilize it via a cloth, you might require to utilize an abrasive brush or steel woollen to remove residues if you see any corrosion. You can make use of the towel once again to clean up the corrosions properly.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
Action 3 In this action, you will certainly require a multi-meter to establish the battery’s situation and also whether it is feasible to replace. However, not all batteries continue to be in a reconditioning scenario. So, a multi-meter allows you to inspect that. You will also require a hydrometer also. Multi-meter and also hydrometer can assist you in recognizing the right problem of the battery. You will certainly get comprehensive steps on just how to inspect the batteries on the EZ Battery Reconditioning guide pdf.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
Step 4 If the battery passed the previous action, you could proceed with the reconditioning making use of two methods described in guide. The very first method is equalization, as well as the next one is removing sulfation with the chemical additive. Typically, sulfation happens from the reaction in between lead and sulfuric acid. Both techniques are used to eliminate the sulfation. You will recognize a lot more about EZ Battery Reconditioning chemicals how to do it thoroughly in guide.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
EZ Battery Reconditioning method is an innovative guideline that offers a various guideline for various sorts of batteries.
Where to Buy EZ Battery Reconditioning?Energizer 20l Bs Battery
EZ Battery Reconditioning secret books can be purchased from the main web site. You may find various other internet sites marketing the PDF at an inexpensive cost or might be complimentary to download and install. Those are actually marketing the modified publication, or they fraud individuals.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
Prior to buying, make sure you are on the main web site. Furthermore, you may find some internet sites that supply EZ Battery Reconditioning training course testimonials, as well as you can buy from those websites if you assume them trustable. Normally, those kinds of testimonial sites redirect you to guide’s initial site, and you are in fact purchasing from the main website. The purchasing procedure ends a guideline, which is constantly buying from the official site.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
How Much Does EZ Battery Reconditioning Cost?Energizer 20l Bs Battery
If you determine your battery spending, you may think that the EZ Battery Reconditioning expense will certainly be high. However, Tom and also Frank’s goal is to make the book easily accessible to every household in America and also various other countries. So, keeping that in mind, they priced it moderately, cost simply $47, as well as get the lifetime access to and future additions.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
This is a single payment, and there disappear membership fees for future updates or perks. You will certainly obtain a 60-day money-back assurance also. If you do not such as the publication, you can get a full refund. We are confident that you will not ask for a reimbursement as you will certainly like the EZ Battery Reconditioning.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
Advantages and disadvantages of EZ Battery Reconditioning No products are best in this world, so does the EZ Battery Reconditioning process. They have some disadvantages also. However all the disadvantages would exceed minority disadvantages. Let’s see the Pros as well as Cons.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
It utilizes an easy-to-understand language with in-depth pictures to ensure that anyone can check out as well as understand quickly.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
EZ Battery Reconditioning detailed overviews are very easy to follow.
Replacing a battery can save your money, and it benefits the environment also.
By utilizing the same battery for many years, you are actually earning back the acquisition price.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
Obtain prompt access, as well as you do not require to wait for days to get supplied.
It has some cons also. Let’s get into it.
You will have to buy some tools to apply the methods recommended by Tom as well as Frank, which could be additional spending for you.
You can not replace all the batteries with the guideline as some batteries obtain damaged and also no other way to get them recouped.
These 2 disadvantages don’t truly downsize the book as these are not directly pertaining to guide.
EZ Battery Reconditioning Real Customer Reviews From our in-detail research, we have actually found that EZ Battery Reconditioning complaints are very little. Nonetheless, it has a tremendous quantity of favorable reviews, that makes it worth attempting. Hundreds of consumers are saving thousands of bucks. Nearly all the users obtained a tried and tested result.
As an example, one customer had a recurring trouble with his car battery, which progressively loses power. Even getting a new battery won’t last long. After that, he tried the EZ battery fixing process and lastly utilized the same battery twice. Like that, there are many favorable testimonials which will certainly urge anybody to buy it.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
Is EZ Battery Reconditioning Legit Course?Energizer 20l Bs Battery
So far, no rip-off reports are suggested, so we can plainly state that EZ Battery Reconditioning is legit. In addition, hundreds of positive testimonials from actual consumers additionally sustain its authenticity. The reviews from genuine clients likewise reveal that the EZ Battery Reconditioning is legitimate. Nonetheless, you would not understand it till you utilize it for yourself. You can attempt to inspect that out by yourself, as well as you can get a reimbursement if you do not like it. So, there is absolutely nothing to lose on your component.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
EZ Battery Reconditioning Reviews- Final Words Batteries have come to be an important part of our life. And we can anticipate that the future will certainly be absolutely based on batteries. For example, the arising electrical car will increase the battery need, and the common cost will be greater. So, in the future, you can make use of the EZ Battery Reconditioning technique to make your battery life-span longer.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
You might have the choice to buy brand-new or reuse batteries. Using the old battery will certainly be smart due to the fact that it is environment friendly and has the cost-cutting attribute. So, it is much better to find out battery bring back from the EZ Battery Reconditioning DIY book, which will serve for life and also the future The FAQS EZ Battery Reconditioning Q. What is the EZ battery reconditioning method?Energizer 20l Bs Battery
It is a process to reuse the old batteries again when it is dead. It provides 10 battery types, consisting of phone, laptop computer, automobile, golf cart, rechargeable, lengthy life, and different energy system batteries.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
Q. How Long Does It Take to Recondition a Battery?Energizer 20l Bs Battery
Generally, replacing a battery takes around 4 hours. Nonetheless, you might not get success in the very first attempt, so you can duplicate the process till the battery replaced fully and also get back to its initial condition. Yet you will need to maintain persistence.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
Q. Are Reconditioned Batteries Good?Energizer 20l Bs Battery
Contrasting to a new battery, reconditioned batteries may provide you a little bit much less efficiency. However the problem of a refurbished battery is good enough to obtain your job done. Many car proprietors favor to have reconditioned batteries as the brand-new ones are pricey. New battery and also reconditioned battery give you the same efficiency.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
Battery reconditioner and desulfator.
Increase the lifespan of your batteries: lead sulphate is eliminated by the electric high-frequency pulsation procedure of the battery reconditioner.Energizer 20l Bs Battery
BMS-system: cordless discovery of bad cells.
Battery Monitoring System: carry out individual voltage measurements of all cells throughout a total discharge as well as receive an ideal battery analysis and a clear review of the efficiency of each cell! | <urn:uuid:d875b243-daf6-4cb7-908e-6c9b9bc32d38> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://julesfaure.com/energizer-20l-bs-battery-11-best-strategies/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.953483 | 3,400 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Beyond the known monthly meetings and bake sales, today’s Parent Teacher Association or PTA is a leading child advocacy organization comprised of millions of families, students, teachers, administrators, and business and community leaders all devoted to the educational success of children and the promotion of family engagement in schools.
On this episode of Keystone Education Radio, hear from PSBA’s president-elect and Parkland School District’s board president David Hein on his district’s drive to continuously learn, grow and communicate effectively, and what he calls failing forward.
Learn more about the Institute’s research and what the report’s author Tom Arnett has to say about their findings in this Keystone Education Radio conversation with host Annette Stevenson.
Mister Rogers was a learning scientist, and his approach with children was certainly ahead of his time. Today, learning scientists are focusing on the same things Mister Rogers taught children through the lens of “Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood” — things like developing curiosity, finding creative solutions, communication skills, collaboration, and self-acceptance, how to be a good friend and a loving person.
Discover the work being done in Philadelphia schools between the Office of School Safety (OSS) and its students, particularly young black males, through its Leaders Encouraging Achievement and Development, or LEAD, mentoring program.
A growing body of research reveals tangible and measurable social and emotional benefits for students and teachers when nature-based lessons and spending time outdoors are incorporated in students’ studies.
On this episode of Keystone Education Radio, host Annette Stevenson speaks with Dr. Beegle about her passion and commitment to breaking the poverty cycle.
On this episode of Keystone Education Radio, host Annette Stevenson speaks with Grace Wheeler, NOVA’s director of education and prevention on the organization’s efforts on this front.
Kimberly Reed has spent her career inspiring and guiding some of the most influential business leaders in implementing diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) policies and practices.
Helping local communities better understand the role and authority of school boards will support a collaborative and effective relationship between elected school officials and their constituency. | <urn:uuid:d638b87b-94a1-4401-899f-c8b34f79fa0b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.keyedradio.org/episode/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.953542 | 446 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Welcome to Day Six of Grateful for Love: A 7-Day Practice
“Love heals. Heals and liberates. I use the word love, not meaning sentimentality, but a condition so strong that it may be that which holds the stars in their heavenly positions and that which causes the blood to flow orderly in our veins.” ~Maya Angelou
When things are going well in our lives, it can feel fairly easy to show up with love. But when faced with struggle, loss, or grief – or even just the small frustrations of daily life and relationships – we may find it harder to operate from a place of love. The gift, of course, is that it’s on the hard days that love’s capacity to sustain – and even transform – is most poignant.
During the pandemic, we’ve witnessed repeated counts of people expressing love – playing music from balconies, placing supportive signs in their windows – as a way to carry one another through collective hardship. In our individual lives, acting from love on the hard days and in the hard moments can offer equally powerful sustenance and healing, not only for others but for ourselves as well.
Today’s practice is an invitation to identify one specific difficulty in your life that could be eased or softened by intentionally approaching it with love. While this doesn’t mean that frustration or disappointment, anger or sorrow simply go away, how might you allow love – your own and others’ – to come alongside what’s hard, to offer a kind of accompaniment?
Share Your Reflection: As always, we invite and appreciate your reflections about how you experienced today’s practice. Please share below.
Image: Each day of our Grateful for Love practice includes an image of love as expressed through street art. Today’s Photo: Frank Albrecht/Unsplash
Enjoy the full seven-day Grateful for Love practice.
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Loving difficult family members is often a struggle most especially at times when familiarity breeds contempt. When this happens, I let the frustration pass…..just let it pass and acknowledge because I am human to feel the pain. Let it pass and wave goodbye.
Breathe deeply and as I exhale I bid it goodbye.
Love your poem. Poetry reaches a place nothing else does.
It hit home like a brick….a brick that I need to soften with LOVE. A relationship in which the pronoun” We” does not exist. A hard one to think about it. I am softening it by playing with my keyboard, by listening to today’s video, by reading you ‘Love on the Hard Days”…
A shower of gratitude for this day’s lesson.
Thank you for sharing this tenderness, Mandy. I hope that this softening creates a bit of space in the relationship or even just a bit of space for you. Sending care.
There are days when there are so many issues – not just one. Today is one of those days for me. I will try to focus on the one issue that is most difficult for me to see/feel the love. I have to remember that God is Love and that God’s Love is within me. God will give me the strength to be aware of the Love within me – so that I may be enfolded by it – and give it to those around me in need of it.
Write an entry in your private gratefulness journal
This silent peace meditation features opening wisdom from Br. David Steindl-Rast and is presented in…
Returning to the magic and mystery of questions as a daily practice, we continually open…
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Application of the Wavelet Transform to Signal Analysis
Like the Fourier Transform, the Wavelet Transform decomposes signals as a superposition of simple units from which the original signals can be reconstructed. The Fourier Transform decomposes signals into sine and cosine functions of different frequencies, while the Wavelet Transform decomposes signals into wavelets. Since the Fourier Transform is a global integration transform and there is no time factor in it, it cannot effectively analyze non-stationary signals whose statistical properties change with time. In order to analyze non-stationary signals, we need to decompose signals into units that are localized in both the time and frequency domains. Using the Wavelet Transform with the B-wavelet, we wrote a program package in Mathematica to implement the decomposition and reconstruction algorithms for signal processing. A data acquisition system developed in another project is used to acquire both the synthesized signals and real voice signals. Application of the Wavelet Transform on these signals will be presented. | <urn:uuid:94a722a5-10c3-480d-8e9a-0a0812349f6a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://digitalcommons.iwu.edu/math_honproj/2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.908915 | 203 | 3.203125 | 3 |
Katazome allows me to separate the production of the image from the application of color, a process more akin to printmaking than to painting. The stencil itself is made from several layers of thin mulberry fiber paper, which have been laminated with persimmon juice and smoked, yielding an aromatic brown paper. It is brittle and easy to cut when dry, but leathery and tough when wet. A layer of silk mesh lacquered on the top surface protects even the most intricate stencil from damage when the rice paste resist is spread through it onto the fabric. Then the fabric is either dipped into the indigo vat, or stretched like a hammock and dye painted. The pattern emerges when the resist is soaked off. I began carving stencils using mostly traditional Japanese patterns and they taught me much about cutting techniques and the layout of the design. This “apprenticeship” ultimately enabled me to design my own stencils, inspired by the images which speak most deeply to me. | <urn:uuid:a809597b-7724-4468-8329-f734c60a1294> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.gallerycalapooia.com/artists/karen-miller/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.950782 | 210 | 1.960938 | 2 |
The Laws of Texas, 1822-1897 Volume 3 Page: 1,289
The following text was automatically extracted from the image on this page using optical character recognition software:
Laws of the State of Texas.
To apportion the Senators and Representatives of the Legislature
among the several Counties of this State, according to the requirements
of the Constitution.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of
Texas, That the State of Texas shall be divided into thirty-three
Senatorial Districts, which shall be severally entitled to one Senator,
and formed as follows, to wit:
No. 1. Red River and Bowie shall elect one senator;
No. 2. Lamar and Hopkins one senator;
No. 3. Fannin and Hunt one senator;
No. 4. Collin, Grayson, Denton, Kaufman and Cooke one
No. 5. Dallas, Tarrant and Ellis one senator;
No. 6. Upshur and Wood one senator;
No. 7. Cass and Titus one senator;
No. 8. Harrison one senator;
No. 9. Rusk one senator;
No. 10. Smith and Van Zandt one senator;
No. 11. Cherokee one senator;
No. 12. Anderson and Houston one senator;
No. 13. Nacogdoches and Angelina one senator;
No. 14. Shelby and Panola one senator;
No. 15. San Augustine, Newton, Jasper and Sabine one senator;
No. 16. Jefferson, Liberty, Polk, Trinity, Orange and Tyler
No. 17. Galveston one senator;
No. 18. Harris one senator;
No. 19. Montgomery, Walker, Madison and Grimes one senator;
No. 20. Washington one senator;
No. 21. Leon, Robertson, Brazos and Burleson one senator;
No. 22. Freestone, Limestone, Navarro and Henderson one
No. 23. McLennan, Falls, Bell, Williamson and Milam one senator;
No. 24. Matagorda. Wharton. Brazoria and Fort Bend one senator;
No. 25. Bastrop, Travis and Burnett one senator;
( 1289 )
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Gammel, Hans Peter Mareus Neilsen. The Laws of Texas, 1822-1897 Volume 3, book, 1898; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth6728/m1/1277/: accessed August 14, 2022), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; . | <urn:uuid:edf156da-ddf1-424d-9865-53d0575bbfa5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth6728/m1/1277/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572033.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814113403-20220814143403-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.790038 | 690 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Quality Fire Blankets
A fire blanket is normally used to quickly extinguish kitchen fires arising from cooking oil, saucepans or frying pans. They can also be used to tackle clothing fires. Whatever the type of fire, the blanket will cut the supply of oxygen being fed to the fire and help to put it out safely.
The fire blankets we provide meet the essential performance requirement in that they must extinguish a cooking oil fire, as detailed in BS EN 1869:2019. To achieve this, the fire blanket must have good flexibility and draping qualities. These features will help to eliminate oxygen from the burning oil and allow gradual cooling to help prevent self-ignition. When the blanket is removed after 17 minutes, there should not be reignition.
In addition to the above requirement, it is now mandatory that the fire blanket must be able to extinguish a flammable fuel fire, as detailed in BS EN 1869:2019. Again the blanket needs to be able to flex and drape accordingly to help maximise the coverage area needed to eliminate any oxygen. When the blanket is removed after 4 minutes, there should not be any reignition.
Our 1.2m x 1.2m fire blanket has a unique 3-ply material; two layers of woven glass fibre fabric with an inner layer of fire retardant film and it is this construction that is at the forefront of the fire blankets unblemished safety record. It is a longstanding performance record unrivalled in the industry and now the first to be approved to the 2019 product standard.
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|FBHS5||1.8m x 1,75m Fire Blanket| | <urn:uuid:c9bc1955-4d65-423a-bbcc-55a677db8a67> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fireprotectionproducts.co.uk/products/fire-blankets/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.893954 | 412 | 1.625 | 2 |
The human body is an incredibly complex machine. Most of the time, all the parts work correctly, with various gears and components clicking in harmony. But occasionally, something gets out of whack. When this happens, the guardian of the machine – the immune system – can get turned around and begin attacking the body it usually protects. This is what happens in an autoimmune disease like rheumatoid arthritis, an inflammatory disease that affects the joints.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that “arthritis means inflammation or swelling of one or more joints. It describes more than 100 conditions that affect the joints, tissues around the joint, and other connective tissues. Specific symptoms vary depending on the type of arthritis, but usually include joint pain and stiffness.”
Arthritis is one of the most common ailments in America. According to the March 2017 edition of Vital Signs, a monthly report issued by the CDC, about 54 million adults in the United States – about 25 percent of all adults – have arthritis. In addition, about 300,000 children also have some form of arthritis. About 24 million people are disabled by their arthritis, making it the leading cause of disability in the U.S.
The most common form of arthritis in adults is osteoarthritis, also known as degenerative arthritis. It develops as a person ages and it gets progressively worse with age. “When the cartilage – the slick, cushioning surface on the ends of bones – wears away, bone rubs against bone, causing pain, swelling and stiffness. Over time, joints can lose strength and pain may become chronic,” the Arthritis Foundation reports.
Rheumatoid arthritis is unrelated to osteoarthritis, but it’s the third most common form of arthritis in America, affecting about 1.5 million people. “It’s an incredibly serious disease,” says Dr. John J. Cush, a rheumatologist and the director of clinical rheumatology for the Baylor Scott & White Research Institute and professor of medicine and rheumatology at Baylor University Medical Center in Dallas.
Signs and Symptoms of RA
Many of the symptoms of RA are similar to those of osteoarthritis, and like OA, RA is progressive in nature, wearing down the joints and your body with inflammation over time. The CDC reports “RA commonly affects joints in the hands, wrists and knees. In a joint with RA, the lining of the joint becomes inflamed, causing damage to joint tissue. This tissue damage can cause long-lasting or chronic pain, unsteadiness (lack of balance) and deformity (misshapenness).” In most patients, symptoms begin slowly and build over weeks or months. RA often begins as a little stiffness in one or more joints – often in the hands, wrists or feet.
Like other types of arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis causes pain, swelling and stiffness in the joints. But many patients with rheumatoid arthritis have symptoms on both sides of the body. This symmetry is a hallmark of RA that doesn’t typically happen in other types of arthritis. RA also tends to affect more joints at once than other types of arthritis.
The CDC reports “there are times when symptoms get worse, known as flares, and times when symptoms get better, known as remission.” In addition to pain, swelling and stiffness, people with RA may also experience tenderness in more than one joint, weight loss, fever, fatigue and weakness in the affected limbs.
Although RA targets the joints, it can also have negative impacts on other parts of the body and increase your risk for developing other chronic diseases including heart disease, high blood pressure and diabetes. In addition, the Mayo Clinic reports that RA causes inflammation in the body that can lead to scarring within the lungs, lung nodules (small lumps in the lung) and pleural disease (inflammation of the tissue surrounding the lungs). These can all lead to breathing problems. If you have RA and experience any issues with breathing, see your doctor right away.
Inflammation is also the primary culprit behind the heart problems that some RA patients experience, the Arthritis Foundation reports. “Having RA doubles the risk of most heart problems, including heart attack, stroke and atherosclerosis – the buildup of fat, cholesterol and cellular debris (plaque) on blood vessel walls.” A 2015 Mayo Clinic study published in BioMed Research International also found that people with RA are at increased risk of developing atrial fibrillation. AF is an irregular heartbeat and significant risk factor for strokes. Dr. Roger Kornu, a rheumatologist with the University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, says “most RA patients die from heart attack or stroke.”
Some RA patients also experience eye problems, the Mayo Clinic reports. “The most common eye-related symptom of rheumatoid arthritis is dryness. Dry eyes are prone to infection, and if untreated, severe dry eyes can cause damage to the corneas, the clear, dome-shaped surface of the eye that helps your eye focus.” Dry eyes may also be a sign of Sjogren’s syndrome, another autoimmune disorder associated with RA.
The National Institutes of Health report that the exact cause of RA is unknown, but that genetics, environmental factors and hormones may all play a role in whether a person develops RA. Sex, age and lifestyle also appear to be risk factors. Women are more likely to develop RA than men. Although children and older adults may also develop RA, it most commonly strikes adults. The Arthritis Foundation reports that “in women, RA most commonly begins between ages 30 and 60. In men, it often occurs later in life. Having a family member with RA increases the odds of having RA; however, the majority of people with RA have no family history of the disease.”
Smoking has also been identified as a risk factor for RA. Exactly how they’re connected isn’t certain, but the Mayo Clinic reports “researchers suspect smoking somehow ignites faulty immune system functioning in people genetically predisposed to getting rheumatoid arthritis.”
Diagnosing RA isn’t easy; its early symptoms mimic those of many other diseases, making it challenging to arrive at the right diagnosis. Your doctor will perform a physical exam to check for swelling, redness and warmth in the joints and to check your reflexes and muscle strength. You’ll also likely have some blood tests looking for autoimmune markers in the blood that may indicate an elevated level of inflammation. You may also have imaging tests, such as X-rays, an MRI or ultrasound to get a closer look at what’s going on inside your joints.
Although rheumatoid arthritis is incurable, it can be well managed with a class of powerful medications designed to reorient your body’s immune response. The Arthritis Foundation reports that “with autoimmune and inflammatory types of arthritis, early diagnosis and aggressive treatment is critical. Slowing disease activity can help minimize or even prevent permanent joint damage. Remission is the goal and may be achieved through the use of one or more medications known as disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). The goal of treatment is to reduce pain, improve function, and prevent further joint damage.”
The Mayo Clinic reports that your doctor may also recommend you take NSAIDs – nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB) and naproxen sodium (Aleve), which are available over-the-counter. You may also be prescribed stronger NSAIDs. Steroids can also help relieve pain and inflammation in more acute cases. Corticosteroids, such as prednisone, may also slow the progression of joint damage.
In addition to medication, you may need to work with a physical or occupational therapist to learn exercises that keep the joints flexible.
In some cases, surgery is an option for treating joints damaged by RA. These procedures may include:
- Synovectomy – to remove the synovium, or lining of the joint.
- Tendon repair – to repair loose or ruptured tendons.
- Joint fusion – to stabilize or realign a joint for pain relief.
- Total joint replacement – to remove the damaged parts of a joint and insert a metal or plastic prosthesis.
Researchers are also finding that physical activity and exercise can help alleviate symptoms and slow the progression of RA. Obesity also appears to make the symptoms of RA worse, so eating right and keeping your weight in check can also help you manage the disease. | <urn:uuid:f56fd706-1e6c-44ec-a468-07c474fec0b1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nmortho.com/a-patients-guide-to-rheumatoid-arthritis/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.942454 | 1,810 | 3.1875 | 3 |
How to Draw Stickers in Procreate
In this tutorial, I’ll walk you through making some simple drawings using my Kids Make Art! brush set, and then I’ll give you some tips about turning your art into stickers! I’ll show you how to draw cute illustrations like a palm tree, rainbow, dog, cat, ukulele, ice cream cone, dinosaur, pretzel, and more! I’ll also teach you how to create a realistic sticker effect in Procreate. You can learn TONS more about making your Procreate artwork into stickers on my Sticker Resource Page!
Free Procreate Color Palette
Brushes in this tutorial are from my FREE Kids Make Art! brush pack
For the sketch: Colored Pencil
Most shapes: Fine Point Marker
Snake & rainbow shapes: Marker
Line details: Colored Pencil
Paper Texture: Paper brush from my Texture Maker set
Erasing/refining shadows: Soft Brush from the Airbrushing set (built-in Procreate brush)
Attention kids and kids-at-heart! I created this set of 6 high-quality Procreate brushes for little artists learning how to use Procreate or for anyone who wants to re-live the magic of a free afternoon, a blank piece of paper, and a box of art supplies. This set of FREE Procreate brushes has all your favorite art supplies – crayons, markers, paint, and colored pencils!
Procreate Sticker Resource Page
You ultimate resource for making stickers using Procreate art
There are many ways to produce stickers, from DIY to professional manufacturing. On this page, I’ll teach you three different methods for making stickers: printing at home and cutting them out by hand, how to make stickers with Procreate and a Cricut machine, and all about ordering professionally printed stickers. I’ll also be giving you tips about setting up sticker sheets, outlines and cutlines, great places to order your stickers, sticker vocabulary, and so much more! | <urn:uuid:98f7146b-c456-47c5-9f1a-c96e1c487f21> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bardotbrush.com/how-to-draw-stickers-in-procreate/?utm_source=sticker%20tut%20cta&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=w20 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.876658 | 430 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Under-appreciated but hugely influential, Becket was the absurdly prolific architect who shaped much of the pre-and post-WWII visual landscape of Los Angeles: from Hollywood's Capitol Records building, the Cinerama Dome, the Beverly Hilton, and Century City, to the Music Center—the downtown L.A. performing-arts complex which now includes the Walt Disney Concert Hall, the signature work of L.A.'s current architectural image-maker, Frank Gehry.
Located on the corner of Wilshire and Highland, the former "House of Tomorrow" is a 10,000 square foot office-bungalow complex. In its heyday, it was a dealer's showroom for the trappings of what would become the suburban sprawl of Los Angeles: After World War II, real-estate developer Fritz B. Burns used Becket's building to show off all the newfangled conveniences that homeownership would afford to returning veterans and their families, like gas ranges, indoor electric grills, and central air. For decades afterward, the low-slung mid-century compound served as architectural and real estate office space—and was also used for the exterior shots of Mike Brady's architectural office on "The Brady Bunch." These days, the complex is a leaky shell of its former self, but none the less significant. The foreclosure price of Becket's former showplace? $4.75 million.
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Be the first to see our latest home tours, design news, and more. | <urn:uuid:ca228db2-6292-4b6e-8e81-a12327c18796> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dwell.com/article/modern-history-on-the-block-aeac2c38 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.946192 | 321 | 2.046875 | 2 |
How can you avoid those longwinded project update meetings?
Today, I’d like to offer an agile scrum solution to the long meeting problem: the Timeboxed meeting.
What is a Timeboxed meeting?
A Timeboxed meeting is much like its title; the goal is to box team members in. Only allow them a certain amount of time to update the team – ideally three minutes per person. Normally, each team member is asked to answer three questions:
- What was done yesterday?
- What challenges were faced?
- What is the plan for today?
This meeting structure is typically used when a project is divided into different time periods, with each having its own schedule, deliverables and budget. By focusing on very specific questions meetings are kept short and to the point, allowing team members to get back work quickly. Asking team members to summarize their last 24 hours in three minutes is a tall order, so you may want to start by limiting the number team members per meeting but give them more time – five minutes an individual. As team members become more accustomed to the Timeboxed meeting, move it to three minutes and increase the number of people in the meeting. Before you know it those lengthy time sucking meetings will be a distant memory.
A quick note about the Timebox meeting. For these meetings to work, you must remember that the idea is to hold them daily.
To learn more about the Timeboxed meeting check out the Project Management Institute’s Timeboxed meeting blog post. | <urn:uuid:04ca6c3e-ca83-41b0-be60-59ca5d271bf0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.mindmanager.com/avoid-the-time-suck-hole-adopt-timeboxed-meetings/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.96231 | 316 | 1.585938 | 2 |
According to an ongoing international study led by a New Zealand-based researcher, exercising Thoroughbreds younger than 18 months of age doesn’t seem create make more–or fewer–cartilage defects in the intercarpal (knee) joints. It also doesn’t make them more or less severe, and it doesn’t change the sites on the joint where they show up. In other words, whether it’s on the track or in the pasture, the exercise these foals are getting is going to cause exactly the same kind of wear and tear on their young knees.
"One thing is clear: even at a young age, Thoroughbred horses can present with numerous cartilage and hidden abnormalities that might go easily undetected for several years," said Woong Kim, PhD, researcher in the tissue mechanics laboratory in the University of Auckland Faculty of Engineering. "Another astounding fact is that these changes are likely to be caused by self-imposed activities by the animals themselves."
In their study, Kim and his colleagues divided 3-week-old Thoroughbreds into two study groups: those on an on-track conditioning program and those on pasture only. Foals in the conditioning group were trained (with their mothers) on an oval track five days a week over a distance of 1,130 yards (about 0.6 miles) per day. The rest of the time they were kept at pasture, like the pasture-only group.
After 18 months, six yearlings from each study group were euthanized so researchers could fully evaluate the animals’ knee joints. "Approximately 700 horses per year die in the U.S. alone from catastrophic skeletal fractures while racing, and that figure does not include | <urn:uuid:ca495010-ce76-46bf-9d73-fccc880fe958> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thehorse.com/117404/effects-of-exercise-on-young-thoroughbreds-knees/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.976135 | 356 | 3.046875 | 3 |
The benefits of mindfulness exercises for people in the workplace are far-reaching.
On a scale of 1 to 10, how mindful would you say you are? For a lot of people, mindfulness seems like a “cool” idea but extremely unrealistic.
In your busy life, finding time to practice mindfulness may seem like one more task on your ever-growing to-do list. However, if you want to reduce your stress and get more done, living a mindful life is a necessity.
Are you ready to learn the benefits of mindfulness exercises?
Watch the video below where I share a 2-minute daily gratitude meditation:
Do you want to learn how you can create an empowering morning ritual? CLICK HERE to join my Morning Ritual Mastery program!
This page contains affiliate links. If you purchase a product through one of them, I will receive a commission (at no additional cost to you). I only ever endorse products that I have personally used and benefitted from personally. Thank you for your support!
Practicing mindfulness at work has become the new craze.
Work-related stress and job burnout have become an epidemic in today’s world. Not only does it affect the bottom line of organizations, but it also wreaks havoc on the physical, mental, and emotional health of the people that comprise them. When you don’t work, nothing works.
In today’s business world change happens at such a fast pace. If you aren’t running around the clock, it feels like you are getting left behind. Becoming locked to a computer screen, working hours on end to hit unrealistic deadlines is something that a lot of people share in common.
If you arrive at work feeling scattered, guess how the rest of your day will unfold? Our minds are always working, moving, and thinking about the future. All of this hinders our ability to be present with ourselves and others. Stress will always exist, which is why it's vital that you have tools in place so that you can work with it, instead of against it.
The best way to live a happier, healthier and more productive work life is through mindfulness. A lot of big corporations have implemented mindfulness-based practices into their workplace culture after seeing the amazing benefits that it has had on their employees and their bottom line.
Mindfulness is all about paying attention to the present moment, on purpose, without judgment. In the words of Jon Kabat-Zinn, “The real meditation is how you live your life.” By being more mindful, you gain control of your mind, instead of allowing your mind to control you. As a result, you are able to respond to stressors more healthily and get more done.
Do you have a mindfulness-based meditation practice?
The problem that a lot of people encounter is that they don’t have a mindful minute where they can sit down and relax. The great thing about mindfulness exercises is that they don't take a lot of time AND you can practice them while you are working.
Recent studies have shown that including mindfulness exercises in your daily routine cuts down the production of the stress hormone cortisone and reduces feelings of anxiety and fatigue. Before you sit down and get ready to work, try some mindful breathing.
For 1-2 minutes, close your eyes and breathe in through your nose and out through your mouth. Let your breath flow in and out of your body purposefully. Notice how it feels. This is a great mindfulness-based stress reduction technique.
Similarly, you can practice mindful awareness.
The purpose of this exercise is to cultivate a heightened appreciation of the daily tasks that you engage in. Instead of moving throughout your workday on autopilot, take occasional breaks where you stop and become aware of what it is that you are doing.
Be mindful of how you feel in these moments, without judgment. Doing so will allow you to connect with yourself and your work on a deeper level. Mindfulness is a choice. If you make it a part of your everyday life, your relationships, your work, and your mind will thank you for it. Here are seven ways mindfulness exercises benefit you in the workplace.
1. Improves Mental Focus
Your ability to focus on tasks is one of the most significant indicators of your success in life. Successful people are hyperfocused. We all have 24 hours in a day. However, the problem is that we live in a world where distractions and procrastination is the norm.
A lot of people have become obsessed with short-term gratification and shiny objects that take away their ability to focus on one thing. The result? Procrastination. Practicing a mindfulness meditation has drastically improved my concentration levels. I've found that the more often that I pull my attention back to the present moment, the easier it is for me to focus.
2. Reduces Anxiety
Anxiety sucks. I know because I lived with it for many years of my life. One aspect of anxiety is that it is so challenging to understand is why it exists in the first place. Trying to pinpoint where your racing thoughts come from can make your anxiety worse. In my experience, if you force yourself to control your thoughts, it only precipitates the symptoms of anxiety.
Meditation helps with anxiety by quieting your busy mind. Instead of letting fear take over your world, start quietly observing your thoughts through meditation. Anxious people often shy away from meditation, for fear that they won’t be able to sit still long enough to control their thoughts. I can relate. Back in the day, I wasn’t able to connect with the idea of meditation.
As a result, I didn’t practice it. However, once I forced myself to meditate over an extended period, I noticed the benefits of mindfulness start to take shape in every area of my life. Today, it is a core part of my daily morning ritual.
The benefits of meditation for anxiety have been well-documented. One study, published in the Psychological Bulletin, combined the findings of 163 different studies. The overall conclusion was that practicing mindfulness or meditation produced substantial improvement in areas like negative personality traits, anxiety, and stress.
Meditation allows you to return to your center and detach yourself from the stress that anxiety brings with it. Through consistent practice, I have been able to master my anxiety for good, and so can you. As someone once said, “You can’t stop the waves, but you can learn to surf.”
3. Decreases Stress
Mindfulness can also help decrease your stress levels by improving your ability to regulate your emotions. If you want to be a leader in any work capacity, you need to be able to calmly respond to stressors.
Maria Gonzalez, author of the book, Mindful Leadership: The 9 Ways to Self-Awareness, Transforming Yourself, and Inspiring Others, says that true leadership comes from within, a place of deep calm and focus, that allows you to respond to any situation as it arises. Mindful people come up with mindful solutions.
By consciously making mindfulness a consistent habit in my life, I have been able to make friends with stress. Rather than seeing the negative consequences of feeling overwhelmed with work and life, I now think differently about it. I encourage you to make an effort to always see the good amidst the bad. The only thing that you have control over is your mind. By using stress as fuel to achieve more, it will allow you to be the driver of your life, instead of the victim of it.
4. Improves Listening Skills
In today's busy work world, a lot of people don't have time to listen because they are so focused on doing a million things at once. One of the most significant barriers to mindful listening is if you are continually thinking about what you are going to say next. This is when a lot of information can get lost or misunderstood.
Do you seek first to be understood by people? This is a natural thing to do because you want to be heard. However, in the process of doing so, you may completely ignore what the other person says. Or worse, you may pretend to listen or completely forget what someone is saying while they are talking. In the words of Dr. Stephen Covey, “Most people do not listen with the intent to understand; they listen with the intent to reply.”
Listening mindfully requires that you pay attention to the message that is being shared with you. This is achieved by keeping eye contact, smiling, and asking open-ended questions. Why is mindful listening so important in the workplace? When people feel heard, they feel appreciated, and when they feel appreciated, they are more motivated and productive at work.
5. Increases Emotional Self-Awareness
Our minds are always wandering. Most of the time we act unconsciously, without awareness of what we are doing or why we are doing it. This is why it's so important to be self-aware and pay attention to what’s going on inside of you. Self-awareness is the ability to understand who you are and how others see you.
A vital tool for building self-awareness is tuning in to your body, which is achieved through a mindfulness-based practice. Daniel Goleman, a leading expert on EQ, explains that “Knowing yourself lies at the core of emotional intelligence, and the best mental app for this can be found in the mind-training method called mindfulness.”
When you practice mindfulness, you become more aware of your thoughts and emotions. You learn to notice when your mind starts to wander and how you can guide your attention back to your experience. When it comes to the workplace, having a high level of self-awareness allows you to focus more effectively, better relate to your colleagues and clients, and more effectively manage your emotions.
6. Enhances Creativity
A creative work environment is one where people are encouraged to come up with innovative solutions to problems. In an ever-changing business landscape, creativity and innovation have become critical skills.
When you take on a new project that is extremely meaningful to you, it can be easy for your mental thoughts to get the best of you. In your desire for it to be perfect, sometimes it can cause your brain to get overwhelmed. Can you relate?
When the ideas don't flow, the result can be procrastination, limiting the ability to get into a creative flow altogether. By applying meditation to my daily life, I have found that it has drastically helped my creative process.
HBR reports that studies show people are at their most creative when they are more relaxed. Relaxation allows people to look at problems differently, using divergent thinking to consider a wide range of possible solutions. Because mindfulness simulates a relaxed state of mind, integrating it into the workplace could very likely support a stronger creative process among people and teams.
7. Improves Sleep
Do you sometimes struggle to fall asleep because your mind just won't shut off? Join the club. In our 24/7 digital world, insomnia has become commonplace for many people. Lack of sleep affects everything, including your ability to concentrate at work.
Let's face it… work can be stressful, especially if you take your work home with you. Long hours spent on a computer screen, especially at night, inhibits the busy mind from moving into a more relaxed state. You spend a large amount of your life sleeping, which is why you want to do the work to hack it as best you can.
Creating a consistent mindfulness practice before you fall asleep is a great way to help calm your mind, whether that's in the form of meditation or deep breathing. By focusing your mind’s attention on the present moment, you remove yourself from a “doing” mode of thinking. A powerful way to elicit a relaxed state of mind is to choose a calming focus point, like a mantra, to guide you inward.
If you create an evening ritual and are consistent with it, over time, you will notice that you sleep better. More importantly, you will wake up feeling more refreshed and ready to crush your day.
Mindfulness exercises can change your life.
The overall health benefits of mindful thinking are far-reaching. I encourage you to incorporate mindfulness exercises into your daily life, even if it’s only 10 minutes every day. It has been a game-changer for me. As Sharon Salzberg says, “Mindfulness isn’t difficult. We just need to remember to do it.”
You will be surprised how much calmer you will feel. More importantly, you will be more energized, focused, and productive at work. All of those elements create the perfect recipe for success.
The beautiful thing about mindfulness is that you can practice it anytime, anywhere. It's all about learning how to pay close attention, on purpose, to what is happening inside of you and around you.
Are you ready to hack your brain and get more done?
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Disciples coloring pages printable. Disciples Coloring Pages - Religious Doodles Disciples Coloring Pages Printables When Christ was on the earth he chose 12 disciples to be his special witnesses. Variety of jesus calling his disciples coloring pages you are able to download at no cost. The first four books in the New Testament Matthew Mark Luke and John cover these stories.
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|Earl Grey 1764–1845|
© Lord Howick
The campaign was fought on both sides with dirty tricks, lies and some of the most unpleasant rhetoric and scaremongering I have ever heard. Claims and counterclaims about EU funding, EU rules, an EU army, EU migrants flew around like swarms of angry bees. Amid the cries of joy, horror, sadness, despair, disbelief, excitement and any other sentiment you like to attribute to the sentence, a few thoughtful voices have been heard. I thought I might take time to reflect on one of those for my piece this month, rather than writing about 'the true cost of war' as I had planned. That will wait until next month when it might turn out to be rather topical if negotiations go badly...
Anthony Beevor is one of those rare historians who writes history that is both thoroughly readable and wholly to be trusted. He is a researcher par excellence and has an overview of history that is, in my opinion, almost unparalleled. He suggested that looking at history would be an interesting exercise in contemplating what Britain thinks it can achieve while standing alone. How will the country (or should it be countries because England and Wales voted out and Scotland and Northern Ireland vote to remain) defend itself in the future. He wrote:
'Ever since the late 17th Century, we have relied on continental coalitions to oppose the over-mighty oppressor threatening the peace of Europe. Britain alone was never strong enough in manpower to confront a major power alone on land.'
|Howick Hall was used as a convalescent hospital for Other Ranks from 1941-1945. |
Over 11 different nationalities were treated there including Finnish, Greek, Polish,
Czech, Dutch and Commonwealth soldiers, sailors and airmen.
Canada had already sent thousands of troops to our shores in December 1939. They were joined by more divisions over the course of the war including the Canadian Royal Air Force. We had over three million American GIs in 1944 in the build up to D-Day, not to speak of Australian and New Zealanders who helped to defend these shores both on land and in the air. Far from standing alone, we were very much 'in it together'. Churchill knew that he could not win the war without Allies. He once said: 'There is only one thing worse than fighting with allies, and that is fighting without them.' That appears to be a risk for our future at the moment.
Anthony Beevor wrote in his article in the Mail on Sunday: 'No British politician will ever again dare to say that we are punching above our weight.' He concluded: 'We will be the most hated country just when we need to win friends.'
On this occasion I sincerely hope that he is wrong and that we will win back friends so that we have allies in the future but from this perspective and at this moment in time, it looks like we have precious few of either. | <urn:uuid:d7d9b1e7-b1a8-4f70-8e19-300dda627ec8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://the-history-girls.blogspot.com/2016/06/standing-alone-on-edge-of-europe-by.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.97591 | 603 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Nation's economy shows renewed signs of recovery
China's economy is gradually shaking off the impact of COVID-19 with improvements in a number of key major indicators, showing renewed signs of its gradual recovery, officials and economists said on Wednesday.
The economic recovery is likely to continue in June, they said, and the momentum is projected to be extended in the second half of 2022 with the help of stronger policy stimulus measures.
Fu Linghui, spokesman for the National Bureau of Statistics, said at a news conference in Beijing on Wednesday that China's economy has shown the momentum from this recovery.
Despite downward pressure from a complicated international environment and COVID-19 outbreaks, Fu said China's economy is likely to improve in June as the government puts a package of economic stimulus measures in place.
China's value-added industrial output rose by 0.7 percent year-on-year in May, compared with a 2.9 percent decline in April, data from the NBS showed on Wednesday.
Retail sales fell by 6.7 percent in May on a yearly basis, narrowing from an 11.1 percent decline in the previous month. Fixed-asset investment rose by 6.2 percent year-on-year in the January-May period, the bureau said.
Tommy Wu, lead economist at the Oxford Economics think tank, said that industrial production improved in May as COVID-19 outbreaks eased in most parts of China, adding that the recovery will become even more visible after growth stabilized in May.
He said that consumption remained weak as households remained cautious against COVID infections, with labor market weakness compounding the problem.
"Policy stimulus will play a crucial role in raising domestic demand in the second half. Still, it will be difficult for household consumption to recover strongly," he said. "We anticipate a recovery in the second half of this year as policy stimulus takes effect."
Experts said the gradual recovery of China's economy will also help bolster the global economy.
Zhou Mi, a senior researcher at the Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation in Beijing, said that China has been helping stabilize supplies of key products such as food, clothes and electric products for people around the world, including in the US.
"Such contributions by China to maintaining the stability of world industrial and supply chains are increasingly important to help curb inflation under current circumstances, especially as China is expected to play a bigger role in world trade," he said.
Citing China's relatively low inflation rate, Wang Yuanhong, deputy director of the Department of Economic Forecasting at the State Information Center, said that China has ample room to step up targeted monetary policy support to stabilize growth.
The NBS said China's producer price index, which gauges factory-gate prices, increased 6.4 percent year-on-year in May, marking the slowest rate of growth since March 2021.
China's consumer price index, the main gauge of inflation, rose 2.1 percent year-on-year in May, unchanged from the level in April.
Meanwhile, inflation in the United States hit a new 40-year high in May, as its CPI rose 8.6 percent year-on-year, data from the US Labor Department showed.
Looking at the second half of the year, Wang of the State Information Center estimated that China's CPI will rise slightly and the growth in PPI will slow, leaving room for flexible monetary policy in the coming months.
Wang called for more steps to stabilize supply and prices and ease the pressure on high costs for midstream and downstream companies, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises.
As the People's Bank of China, the nation's central bank, kept the medium-term lending facility rate on hold on Wednesday, Wu of Oxford Economics said that his team still expects another rate cut in the third quarter as broad-based monetary easing through rate reductions could be effective in boosting growth after the economy stabilizes.
"But we don't expect additional cuts as the policy divergence with the US and renminbi weakness will act as constraints," Wu added.
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If you are someone who has crooked teeth or feel less than confident about your smile, this can definitely put a damper on things when you’d otherwise be grinning. Fortunately, with today’s advances in dental technology, including cosmetic bonding, it means there is no reason to stop smiling. Not only does it build up confidence in those who undertake cosmetic dental bonding, but there are other benefits as well. Let’s have a look at these benefits along with aftercare tips to ensure that smile is kept in place.
What is cosmetic bonding?
This is a procedure whereby the dentist applies a natural tooth coloured resin to the teeth to repair chipped or cracked areas. An LED light is used to harden the resin so that it looks and feels like the original tooth but aesthetically a lot better than before. It is not a new concept, although it has come a long way – since the ancient Egyptians used to hammer seashells into their gums!
By the mid 20th century, a white tooth filling was invented by Michael Buonocore, which was the forerunning of cosmetic bonding. Teeth were subject to an acid etch method that increased the bond between the tooth and the dental filling. Thirty years later, in the 1980’s, this form of cosmetic dentistry really began to take off to the treatment today that gives a number of benefits over crowns or veneers and is the best choice for patients with minor flaws on their teeth.
What are the benefits?
One of the biggest benefits is cost effectiveness when compared with veneers or crowns, for example. Getting a cracked tooth fixed before it can break is ensuring that the patient does not have to pay out for a more expensive treatment such as an implant or a crown. This form of treatment is also often recognised under dental insurance plans, and as more and more people understand the benefits of healthy teeth and gums, dentists factor in the affordability of such repairs.
- Maintains existing enamel
Another key benefit is that the integrity of existing enamel is maintained. The enamel on teeth is not something that is constantly being replenished unlike hair and nails, so it is imperative this protective material is not taken for granted. There are no harsh or abrasive cleaning materials used that can damage the existing surface, prior to cosmetic dental bonding the tooth is cleaned and the composite resin then applied. The dentist will shape the resin so that it blends in effortlessly with the surrounding teeth and enamel remains safe.
This form of treatment can also be undertaken in one appointment which saves time and money when fitting in treatments around work and family life. When compared to the appointments required for crowns or veneers, this is a real bonus especially for the busy individual. It also does not need to take place at another dental premise, as it is easily undertaken at the existing dental practice and does not require the need for orthodontics.
- Safe, low-risk procedure
It is a very safe method of cosmetic bonding. Teeth are not subjected to the fillings that in the past caused concern about materials entering into the blood stream via gums and nerve endings. The materials that are used in dental bonding are biocompatible with the body, so no harmful chemicals or substances are involved. Even old silver fillings and amalgam can be replaced with the material used in dental bonding.
- Produces a natural smile
Finally, the main benefit is that once treated the bonding material used can make the teeth look a lot better and give back that natural smile. The dentist will match the composite material used with the existing enamel so that it matches and does not stand out as an obvious repair. The gaps between teeth can be filled making them look aligned and beautifully straight without the need for braces or other orthodontic treatments. They look and feel like natural teeth should.
As with any form of cosmetic dentistry, it is important to maintain a good aftercare routine, so the teeth look as good as the day the treatment was carried out. Fortunately, this does not require any specialist equipment or care, but in order to keep the teeth bonded, there are routine practices that need to be undertaken.
- Practice oral hygiene
The first most important point is to ensure good oral hygiene (this is important whether or not teeth have been bonded). Brushing teeth after meals and at least twice a day will go a long way to keeping the mouth and gums healthy. If the toothpaste contains fluoride, this will also help protect teeth as it reduces the risk of decay and helps harden teeth. Likewise, rinsing out with a mouthwash and flossing or cleaning between teeth with an interdental toothbrush will help as well.
- Reduce consumption of certain drinks
Next, ensure that consumption of drinks that erode teeth due to the acid contained in them, is limited. Fruit juices or alcohol contains sugars and acids that soften the enamel on teeth causing cavities to form and promoting tooth decay. Coffee and tea will also stain the teeth and cordials and soft fizzy drinks are not beneficial in large quantities. Sugar in the diet should be managed as well, not only because of the health benefits (reduces risk of diabetes and obesity) but also because sugar encourages plaque to form between the teeth, which leads to dental cavities.
- Make regular trips to your dentist
Finally, ensure that regular visits to the dentist is maintained so they can pick up on any other signs of problems with the mouth and teeth. Once that smile is in place, it is up to you to do everything you can to keep it that way but whenever in doubt, the professionals are here to help. | <urn:uuid:8a7395b9-fc8a-40e2-af57-dc4b2a16a284> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blackburnfamilydentalcare.com.au/2020/12/29/benefits-of-cosmetic-dental-bonding-and-aftercare-tips/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.957143 | 1,176 | 1.875 | 2 |
In most people, anxiety is a normal reaction to stress.
In fact, not many people know this but some amount of anxiety can actually be beneficial in many cases. Anxiety helped our ancestors become aware of dangers around them, like a predator and take necessary actions to survive. Becoming anxious about completing work-related tasks within deadlines can help motivate us to work harder towards achieving goals.
However, some people can develop cases of abnormal anxiety which makes them incapable of performing day to day activities. Take social anxiety for instance which makes people fearful and nervous about approaching other people.
Anxiety manifests itself in various types. One of the most common anxiety disorders is PTSD. This is a common occurrence in veteran soldiers returning from battle or people who have gone through a tragic accident in life.
Some anxiety disorders are easy to detect based on the external and physical symptoms. Others can be harder to detect because the symptoms are internal and the patient shows no outward displays of anxiety.
Symptoms of Anxiety Disorders
Anxiety disorders can create a variety of symptoms that can cause mental and emotional problems for the affected person. These symptoms can deteriorate day to day function and decrease the quality of life for people in a number of ways.
- Some of the more common symptoms of anxiety disorders include the following.
- Severe physical reactions due to anxiety such as loss of breathing, sweating, faster heartbeat and nausea.
- Feeling of dread or apprehension for no particular reason
- Loss of sleep
- Fatigue and headaches
- Inability to concentrate on a given task
- Inability to clear mind or stop thinking about an event especially something traumatic
- Restlessness and pounding in chest
Treatments of Anxiety Disorders
Anxiety disorders are typically treated in one of two ways. The first method involves specialized psychotherapy while the second method makes use of medication.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
The underlying principle behind CBT is that a person’s thoughts, feelings, sensations and actions are connected. Negative thoughts give rise to more negative thoughts starting a vicious cycle that builds anxiety in the patient.
Under cognitive behavioral therapy, the patient is encouraged to talk about the underlying events that start the negative cycle and the therapist attempts to reshape the memories by associating something positive with it.
CBT can also reduce anxiety by talking about the event or situation that triggers the anxiety attack. Some patients use a coping mechanism where they consciously try to suppress the thoughts or memories that make them anxious. By talking about it, the doctor helps the patient look past the memory which can reduce the feelings panic associated with it.
Medication for Anxiety
Medical doctors and psychotherapists may also prescribe medication that helps reduce anxiety symptoms. Some of the more common medicine used for anxiety includes Xanax, Klonopin, Valium and Serax. These medicines can reduce anxiety, panic, and phobia attacks. They have a temporary effect and do have some side effects
There is no permanent cure for anxiety but the condition can be reduced and controlled with a combination of medicine and CBT.
Clinical Research on Medical Marijuana and Anxiety
Use of medical marijuana for dealing with anxiety has been gaining some traction with people. The medical herb has especially been useful for people with PTSD.
The growing interest has also led to more researchers looking into the drug for its effects of patients.
A study in 2014 reported that marijuana can enhance the function of endocannabinoids in the body. These are naturally occurring chemicals found in the brain, spinal cord and other parts of the body.
The study that was led by an international research team at Vanderbilt University concluded that THC and CBD cannabinoids in marijuana attach to the receptors in the brain. The endocannabinoid system controls anxiety and reduces stress by decreasing the signals sent by neurotransmitter glutamate.
One thing to note is that while the study showed the use of marijuana lowers anxiety, excessive use actually had the opposite effect and increase anxiety in the test subjects.
Another recent study from Canada found that 40% of the patients who used medical cannabis to treat anxiety and reduce pain showed a significant decrease in reliance on pharmaceutical drugs. Cannabis treatment completely removed the need for using benzodiazepines in less than 3 months for these patients.
Finally a study on PTSD patients showed that stress symptoms can be greatly reduced by Marijuana, as much as 75% for some patients. Researchers believe that CBD dramatically reduces anxiety disorders due to its effects on the limbic and para-limbic areas of the brain.
History of Medical Marijuana Use for Anxiety Disorders
Medical marijuana has been used throughout history to treat a number of illnesses and disorders. In India, cannabis seeds, flowers and leaves were being used to treat stress and depression as far back as 1500 AD. A mixture of milk, honey and cannabis known as bhang was used by warriors before going to battle to overcome fear and panic.
Even American journals were recommending hemp seeds and roots to treat inflamed skin and venereal disease during the 18th century. Medical doctors popularized the use of cannabis in England and Americas for the treatment of pain, nausea and stress.
Medical Marijuana as a Treatment of Anxiety Disorders
Anxiety attacks require the patient to worry more about the long term effects of the condition rather than anything short term.
There are plenty of anecdotal accounts of anxiety treatments with marijuana while research also seems to point in a positive direction. The research has shown that cannabis has a similar effect on patients that pharmaceutical products like benzodiazepines have. The cannabinoid compounds in cannabis attach with the receptors in the body and balance the levels of a neurotransmitter called GABA which makes patients more relaxed and calm.
The major advantage of Marijuana over pharmaceutical medication is that it can serve as a complete medication for patients suffering from anxiety and related disorders. When used in the prescribed quantity the drug leaves little to no side effects and reduces stress for patients.
The psychotherapeutic effects of marijuana take place immediately. As marijuana can make people more calm it is particularly beneficial for social anxiety. Marijuana medication pills and vapor can make open up receptacles in the brain and make it easier for conversation to flow between for people who get stressed out in social conditions.
Best Strain of Medical Cannabis for Anxiety Disorders
Medical marijuana comes in a variety of strains. While some strains are more beneficial for other conditions like spasms and multiple sclerosis, there are specialized strains developed for treating anxiety and panic attacks in particular.
Some of the more famous strains of marijuana that are used for treating anxiety are listed here.
This strain contains a higher percentage of Sativa which means it gives a slightly better boost of energy compared to Indica based strains. This makes it perfect for use during the day as it won’t make you as drowsy as other strains. Once a patient develops affinity to this strain it can give an even better kick.
This is a hybrid stain which means it contains both Indica and Sativa compounds. It produces a strong relaxing effect and gives an energy boost. It is good for controlling depression and reducing pain.
This strain has a slightly higher amount of THC, similar to Amnesia Haze. This helps people keep their mind clear and alert. This strain is particularly good for people suffering from PTSD or those who find it difficult to concentrate.
This is a 100 percent Indica strain. This particular strain produces a strong feeling of relaxation for the whole body while numbing pain. It also causes drowsiness and effective for people suffering from insomnia. This strain should be used in the evening or when going to bed.
Girl Scout Cookie
The Girl Scout cookie strain is popular and not just among people suffering from anxiety disorders. It is known for giving a very strong high and producing a feeling of euphoria in people. It can make people concentrate better and reduces panic in people.
Another Indica based strain that causes drowsiness and reduces stress in patients. This strain can relieve pain and makes people sleepy.
Side Effects of Medical Cannabis
While cannabis can certainly help patients suffering from anxiety, we must warn people about the dangers of excessive use. Every medication can create side effects in patients. This is why every prescription medicine comes with instruction on dosage and not to consume too much too quickly.
Medical cannabis is no exception. The drug generates a feeling of happiness and euphoria in people and excessive use can lead to negative side effects. Some of the more common side effects include red eyes, increased hunger, drowsiness, headaches, dry mouth, short-term memory loss and an increase in anxiety.
If you are interested in using medical marijuana as an alternative therapy for anxiety make sure to follow the prescribed dosage accordingly. This will help you avoid any side effects. You can get your medical prescription from a qualified marijuana doctor in New York and California through our service.
In case of side effects, please make sure to get in touch with your doctor. | <urn:uuid:0432b84b-9953-42b0-a5a8-bb987c2d7d38> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://indicamd.com/medical-marijuana-and-anxiety/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.949764 | 1,828 | 3.578125 | 4 |
Let’s first quote Mark Thoma’s response to my column; it is indirectly a good summary of what I argue:
I believe the political argument that giving everyone a stake in the
program helps to preserve it has more validity than Tyler does, market
failures (some of which hit all income groups) probably play a larger
role in my thinking about government responses to the health care
problem than in his, and I have more confidence than Tyler that a
universal care system has the potential to lower costs.
And now here’s me:
…the idea of cutting some government transfers provokes protest in
some quarters. One major criticism is that programs for the poor alone
will not be well financed because poor people do not have much political
power. Thus, this idea goes, we should try to make transfer programs as
comprehensive as possible, so that every voter has a stake in the
program and will support more spending.
But even if this argument
holds true now, it may not be very persuasive when Medicare costs start
to push taxation levels above 50 percent. A more modest program, more
directly aimed at those who need it, might prove more sustainable in
the longer run.
Americans have supported the growth of many
programs aimed mainly at the poor. Both Medicaid and the Earned Income
Tax Credit have grown rapidly in size since their inception. The idea
of helping the poor and not having the government take over entire
economic sectors was the original motive behind welfare programs, in
Furthermore, the argument for comprehensive and
universal transfer programs does not meet the ideal of democratic
transparency. If taking care of the poor is the real value in welfare
programs, those programs should be sold as such to the electorate. We
shouldn’€™t give wealthier people benefits just to €œtrick€ them, for
selfish reasons, into voting for greater benefits for everyone, the
Here is another point:
Advocates of health care reform tend to be long on ideas for expanding
care and access, but short on practical solutions for cost control. The
argument is often made that single-payer health care systems in Canada
or Europe are cheaper than health care in the United States. But
Medicare is already a single-payer plan, yet its costs are
Note that I am calling for higher benefits for the poor and lower benefits for higher-income groups. That’s not a popular stance, not even with egalitarians. In fact I view the contemporary left as oddly ill-prepared on the health care issue. Electorally speaking, the issue is fully 100 percent in their court (and they are used to pressing it aggressively), until of course they get their way and have to "meet payroll," so to speak. One attitude is to cite Europe and think that the production possibilities frontier can expand under better management of the U.S. system, even as you cover an extra 40 million people. Another attitude is to face the notion of trade-offs.
Here is the full column. (By the way, I think that HSAs are ineffective as health care reform and that the so-called "right" is floundering on
this issue, just to get in my equal opportunity smack on the blog.)
Addendum: You can make a good argument that (some) public health programs are the best health care investment of all; I just didn’t have enough space in the column to cover that issue.
Second addendum: Greg Mankiw didn’t read so closely. It’s not "an income tax surcharge on sick, old people." It’s a reallocation of benefits toward people of greater need. Is any benefit less than infinity an "income tax surcharge"?
Third addendum: Here is Paul Krugman on the topic. | <urn:uuid:21798aec-ea62-4b14-b495-37c68913881b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2008/07/means-testing-f.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.955772 | 827 | 1.757813 | 2 |
You know what you need to do in order to lose fat: Eat less and exercise more.
But that’s easier said than done, especially when you’re surrounded by friends who want to drag you to another movie or high-calorie restaurant meal when you should be working out.
Researchers from Regis University in Denver have found that “individuals with similar body fat levels will cluster together into groups, and if left unchecked, current social forces will drive these groups toward increasing obesity.”
To break the cycle, you have to hunt out people who share your weight-loss goals. And you don’t have to stick to your friends. In fact, the researchers suggest that “social networks” may be a key to halting the obesity epidemic.
Building a Facebook group that includes strangers who have already lost fat is one way to go. But I prefer to have my clients get social support from people they know through Twitter.com. You could also get involved in the ETR forums or an online weight-loss club.
The bottom line is that you need social support for fat-loss success. Start associating with positive people who share similar goals, and you’ll soon be losing all the weight you want.[Ed. Note: For an exercise routine that builds muscle and burns fat, try fitness expert Craig Ballatyne’s Turbulence Training program.] | <urn:uuid:31eb4db5-00ad-4cc1-b45b-e62d01330079> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.earlytorise.com/facebook-for-fat-loss/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.948568 | 289 | 1.726563 | 2 |
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