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An ultrasound study of gestational and postural changes in the deep venous system of the leg in pregnancy
Macklon, Nicholas S., Greer, Ian A. and Bowman, Adrian W. (1997) An ultrasound study of gestational and postural changes in the deep venous system of the leg in pregnancy. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 104, (2), 191-197. (doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.1997.tb11043.x). (PMID:9070137).
Full text not available from this repository.
Objective: To investigate gestational and postural changes in diameter and blood flow in the proximal deep leg veins during pregnancy.
Design: A longitudinal, prospective observational study.
Setting: The ultrasound department of a teaching maternity hospital.
Population: Twenty-four healthy women with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies.
Methods: Real-time and duplex Doppler ultrasound assessments of the vessel diameter, flow velocity and respiratory flow fluctuation in the proximal deep leg veins of women serially measured from the first trimester of pregnancy to six weeks postnatally.
Main outcome measures: The effects of increasing gestation and the adoption of the left lateral position on the above parameters.
Results: An increase in vessel diameter and a fall in flow velocity with increasing gestation was observed. However, no change in venous flow variation was observed. Delivery had reverse effects. Flow velocity was slower in the left than the right legs, but on adoption of the left lateral position an increase in flow velocity and venous flow variation was observed in both legs during pregnancy.
Conclusions: These data are consistent with the observed increase in incidence and pattern of deep venous thrombosis in pregnancy and may aid interpretation of duplex Doppler ultrasound examinations for deep venous thrombosis in pregnancy. Postural changes should be part of this evaluation. The gravid uterus may not be the sole cause for postural changes in deep venous flow velocity.
|Digital Object Identifier (DOI):||doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.1997.tb11043.x|
|Subjects:||R Medicine > RG Gynecology and obstetrics
T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
|Divisions :||University Structure - Pre August 2011 > School of Medicine > Developmental Origins of Health and Disease
|Accepted Date and Publication Date:||
|Date Deposited:||20 May 2011 08:55|
|Last Modified:||31 Mar 2016 13:38|
|RDF:||RDF+N-Triples, RDF+N3, RDF+XML, Browse.|
Actions (login required) | <urn:uuid:f7d2165f-5b23-4734-a08a-67bade27065a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/185703/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00275-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.811423 | 585 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Did You Know?
Rainforest Alliance Certified™ cocoa
Seattle Chocolates began using Rainforest Alliance Certified™ cocoa in our core line in April 2014. Rainforest Alliance certification is a long term, robust, and sustainable approach to addressing unjust labor practices, preserving and protecting the environment, and bettering the economic situation of cocoa farmers and their families.
Currently, 10% of the world’s cocoa is Rainforest Alliance Certified™.
Today we have 19 everyday bar flavors and 14 seasonal bar flavors (33 total) that bear the Rainforest Alliance Certified™ cocoa seal, including our beloved and best-selling San Juan Sea Salt truffle bar! Look for the frog logo on the back of all of our bars.
No Palm Oil
Today palm oil production is the largest cause of deforestation in rainforest regions, endangering the orangutan population which has dwindled by 50% in recent years. Forest clearings to make way for palm oil farming are also a major factor contributing to global warming and the depletion of water resources.
Seattle Chocolates is concerned about the destructive impact of expanding oil palm plantations on the rainforests, particularly in Southeast Asia and especially on the islands of Borneo and Sumatra.
Seattle Chocolates uses only coconut oil (no palm kernel oil!)
All-Natural, Non-GMO & Kosher Ingredients
Almost 100% of ingredients we use are non-GMO and we are continuously moving towards non-GMO Project Verification. Seattle Chocolates uses only all-natural and Kosher certified ingredients in all of our products.
Seattle Chocolates is making the fight against hunger the centerpiece and beneficiary of this year’s holiday campaign #chocolategives to generate donations to local food banks at their busiest time of year. This holiday, every time a Seattle Chocolates Holiday bar or jcoco bar is purchased - in-store, online or at a local retailer - we will donate a serving of food to one of our four food bank partners.
Donations will be made through a network of local food banks including the Food Bank for New York City, Greater Boston Food Bank, SF-Marin Food Bank and Northwest Harvest. In addition, Seattle Chocolates will donate a serving for every social media mention of #chocolategives during the same period which will be shared equally between Food Bank for New York City, Greater Boston Food Bank, SF-Marin Food Bank and Northwest Harvest.
A small donation can make a big difference. For example, Northwest Harvest is able to provide a nutritious meal to a family of three for $.67; SF-Marin Food Bank can purchase fresh fruit and vegetables for 1/10 of what they might cost at retail and Food Bank for New York City can provide 5 meals to new Yorkers in need for $1.00.
Women's Business Enterprise Certified
Seattle Chocolates is a nationally certified Women’s Business Enterprise. Led by Jean Thompson, owner, CEO, and trailblazer in the world of chocolate.
Jean recognizes the role that chocolate plays in our everyday lives - more than an exquisite treat, it is also a way to connect, a gift, a salve. It’s one of life’s fabulous little pleasures.
Jean was awarded the King County 2012 Woman Small Business of the Year. | <urn:uuid:9643069c-e40e-4033-bbbf-c28ac963758f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.seattlechocolates.com/did-you-know | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00074-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.912138 | 686 | 2.1875 | 2 |
Hello, my name is***** and I have over 20 years of experience as a veterinarian. I am sorry to hear that your pup chewed on and likely ingested parts of daffodil bulbs 4 hours ago, vomited 3 hours ago and seems to not want to chew on her favorite bones.Daffodils (Jonquils, Narcissus) are considered toxic
for dogs. They contain the toxins Lycorine and other alkaloids.Signs of toxicity include vomiting, drooling, and diarrhea with a small ingestion. Large ingestions can cause seizures
, low blood pressure, tremors and cardiac arrhythmias. The bulbs are the most poisonous part.My hope is that she vomited some or all of the bulb pieces that she ingested. If so the symptoms that you have seen so far may be all the symptoms that you see.Since she is a very large dog, only chewed on a couple bulbs and seems well now you can take a watch and see approach.To combat further nausea and diarrhea it may help to give an acid reducer and feed a bland diet.To try and settle her stomach
today you can try either:1) Pepcid-ac (famotidine
) at a dose of one 10mg tablet per 20 to 40 pounds of body weight every 12 hours. OR2) Prilosec (omeprazole) at a dose of one 20mg tablet per 40 to 80 pounds of body weight every 24 hours. These will reduce stomach acid and should help settle her stomach. These can be used for several days as necessary as they are quite safe.In a couple hours offer her ice cubes to lick or a small amount of water.If she doesn't vomit then in a few hours feed a homemade diet of 1/3 boiled hamburger or white, skinless chicken
, all fats and juices drained and 2/3 white rice. Add 2 tablespoons of canned pumpkin, not pie filling, just pumpkin, to each meal for fiber if she has any diarrhea with mucous. Feed small meals several times a day.Once she's feeling better then start mixing in her regular food, adding a little more regular and less bland at each meal. It should take a week to get her converted back to regular food.If you cannot get her vomiting to stop she will need to see a veterinarian for injectable anti-nausea drugs, fluids, and if you notice tremors or seizures then she must be seen on an emergency basis.Please let me know if you have any further questions. | <urn:uuid:ee1a9dcd-0f52-4a6f-b990-563b8265caad> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.justanswer.com/dog-health/9mpbd-husband-saw-bernese-mountain-dog-chew-daffodil.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00521-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942404 | 520 | 1.953125 | 2 |
The attorneys for the two men serving life sentences for the 1988 crime say the letter and new DNA evidence proves their innocence.
Critics of Texas Gov. George. W. Bush and the death penalty say the case is further evidence of flaws in the state's justice system. Texas leads the nation in executions.
The four-page letter by Achim Josef Marino, who is serving a life sentence for aggravated robbery with a deadly weapon in a separate case, was stamped "received" by the governor's office on Feb. 24, 1998, but was never forwarded to law enforcement officials.
In the letter, Marino claims he was responsible for raping and murdering a 20-year-old Austin woman in 1988, and that two men now doing time for the crime were innocent.
"I did this awful crime and I was alone," he wrote.
One of the two men convicted for the murder, Christopher Ochoa, claimed that police threatened him with the death penalty unless he confessed to the murder and testified against Richard Danziger.
Danziger maintained at trial that Ochoa and police were lying about his guilt. Both men were convicted.
Recent DNA testing now suggests that neither Ochoa nor Danziger was involved in the murder, and attorneys and prosecutors are re-examining the evidence in the case.
Danziger, 30, is eligible for parole in November 2003, and is currently held in the Skyview Psychiatric facility in Rusk, Texas. Ochoa's file was not available through the Texas Department of Criminal Justice.
A spokesman for the governor says Bush never saw the letter of confession and that such mail is usually forwarded to the appropriate law enforcement agency.
However in this case, the spokesman said, the letter was not forwarded because Marino wrote that he'd already confessed in a letter to the Austin police chief several years earlier.
"How can you be confident that you have a system in place that's going to adequately investigate these kinds of claims if this one could fall through the cracks so egregiously?" asks defense attorney Barry Scheck of the Innocence Project, a project that promotes DNA testing to assist inmates who claim innocence.
Asked about the case on the campaign trail, Bush said "Mr. Marino's case was fully looked at by the Austin Police Department."
But the state's criminal justice system has come under fire before.
Texas has executed 232 people since 1982 and 33 people so far this year. Seven more executions are scheduled for 2000. One-hundred-forty-five people have been put to death since Bush became governor.
Due to the sheer number of executions, death penalty opponents have raised the possibility that innocent people may have been placed on Texas' death row.
The concerns about Texas reflect a new scrutiny of death penalty convictions in general.
Illinois decided in January to declare a death penalty moratorium after DNA evidence spared 13 people on that state's death row from execution. Columbia University researchers reported in June that a study of nearly 5,800 capital cases from 1973 to 1995 found serious errors in 68 percent.
Bush, however, has always insisted that everyone executed in Texas was guilty, and said that he reviews each death penalty case personally.
In June, he said of the 145 put to death during his tenure, "I believe they've had full access to the courts and full access to have a fair trial, not only in the state system, but in the federal system."
That month, Bush stopped the scheduled execution of Ricky McGinn for DNA tests to confirm his guilt in the 1993 rape of his 12-year stepdaughter, whom he was also convicted of murdering.
Rape is an aggravating charge that can lead to the death penalty in Texas. Subsequent tests found McGinn was responsible, and he was executed in September.
Also in June, Bush decided not to intervene to stop the execution of Gary Graham, who was convicted in a 1981 murder on the testimony of a lone eyewitness, represented by a lawyer whose competence was questionable. Appeals courts and the state parole board alsrejected Graham's claims of innocence.
In a report scheduled for release Monday, the Texas Defender Service cites 84 capital cases in which a prosecutor or police "deliberately presented false or misleading testimonyconcealed exculpatory evidence or used notoriously unreliable evidence from a jailhouse snitch."
The next man due to die in Texas is 27-year-old Jeffrey Dillingham, convicted in the 1992 murder-for-hire killing of a Fort Worth couple. His execution has been set for Nov. 1.
In a statement Tuesday, Bush's presidential campaign said that crime has dropped dramatically during the governor's time in office, with the state reporting its lowest overall crime rate in 25 years, its lowest violent crime rate since 1985 and its lowest murder rate since the 1950s. | <urn:uuid:6b1f4c43-a985-4725-ac03-24895fad34d7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.cbsnews.com/news/bush-office-sits-on-murder-plea/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00272-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.979319 | 988 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Chevrolet Corvette Fuel-Injected Competition Car
Despite the short-lived 1957 AMA racing ban, Zora Arkus-Duntov managed to endow the rapidly maturing Corvette with a growing selection of high-performance parts, and under his guidance, the revolutionary small-block V-8 made quantum leaps in power, reliability and sophistication. However, while the Corvette was indeed a serious racing contender by 1959, some racers demanded more.
Among them, Gary Laughlin, Jim Hall and Carroll Shelby joined forces with a plan to challenge Ferrari’s racing dominance. They proposed to replace the Corvette’s relatively heavy fiberglass body with lightweight alloy bodywork by Italy’s Scaglietti coachworks to unleash the potential of the proven Corvette chassis and its hot fuel-injected 283 V-8. While Chevrolet Division approved the project, upper GM management rejected it, and even Enzo Ferrari was reportedly not amused that one of his main coachbuilders was building a direct competitor. The bodies took over two years to complete, and just three Scaglietti-bodied Corvettes were ultimately produced.
This car was auctioned off by RM Auctions in August of 2011 at the Portola Hotel & Spa and Monterey Conference Center, Monterey, California.
290 bhp, 283 cu. in. V-8 engine with Rochester mechanical fuel-injection, four-speed manual transmission, independent front suspension with unequal-length A-arms and coil springs, live rear axle with semi-elliptic leaf springs, and heavy-duty, four-wheel hydraulic drum brakes. Wheelbase: 102"
Source: RM Auctions | <urn:uuid:4f3c3133-efec-46dc-9648-e11197f12835> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.motor1.com/news/88343/chevrolet-corvette-fuel-injected-competition-car/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719547.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00394-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950967 | 341 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Even well-maintained water heaters can lose efficiency over time. When your water heater malfunctions or breaks, you’ll need to decide whether you need a water heater replacement or repair? Will it be worth it to fix it? Or will you’ve to buy and install a new one?
Read on to learn what factors to consider when making your decision.
Age of the Water Heater
On average, the lifespan of a water heater is 10 years. If your water heater is a decade old, it’s better to replace it when it finally stops working. If your water heater is relatively new and has been working properly, you should try and repair it.
Some water heaters last longer than other water heaters. Many things impact the lifespan of a water heater, including maintenance, location, and how frequently it’s drained and flushed. A 10 year lifespan is a general guideline and not a hard rule. If your tank is corroded or rusty, it’s better to replace it, even if it hasn’t been 10 years yet.
Does the Water Heater Provide Enough Hot Water?
Depending on the daily hot water usage and the number of people in the house, a water heater that once provided enough hot water might not be able to work as effectively anymore.
Call your plumbing service representative to evaluate your water heater’s capacity and the expected volume of hot water you need currently. If your water heater can’t provide enough hot water, installing a new water heater is ideal.
Efficiency: High Water Bills
Many water heaters come with a sticker on the side that shows the estimated yearly operation cost. Check the R-value of the storage tank as it measures how well the water heater resists heat. If the R-value is high, it means your water heater tank is installed properly. If the R-value is less than 24, you might have to replace it.
You can also check the energy factor of your water heater. This number shows the heater’s efficiency; a higher number means it’s more efficient. However, it’s important to keep in mind that this doesn’t necessarily mean it’ll cost less annually.
Damage: The Cause of Water Heater Issues
The water heater’s capacity can also be affected by some damage. It’s better to hire a professional technician to help you assess the water heater and educate you about the repair and replacement costs. If there’s a leak in your water heater, chances are you might have to replace it. Other problems, such as your water heater working slowly or not at all, may require less expensive solutions.
Your1Plumber is a professional plumbing company in Maryland which provides plumbing services in Frederick, Germantown, Laurel and many other places. Our plumbers can help you decide whether you need water heater repair or replacement with a single inspection. You can call us anytime at our toll-free number 1(888)5407586. | <urn:uuid:bf647b2e-41e7-4d55-a7ca-bc6e75cf22d6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://your1plumber.com/heater-replacement/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.935583 | 625 | 1.78125 | 2 |
An Expert System for Predicting Distribution and Consumption of Irrigation Water in a Paddy Irrigation Scheme
Daud, Mohamed (1994) An Expert System for Predicting Distribution and Consumption of Irrigation Water in a Paddy Irrigation Scheme. PhD thesis, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia.
PADI_EX (Paddy Irrigation Expert), an expert system (ES) to predict the state of irrigation water distribution and consumption at an Irrigation Service Unit (ISU) level during off-season planting in a paddy irrigation scheme with double cropping was developed through a combination of interviews with field experts and formal field research. The purpose of the interviews was to identify and describe the problem domains and get the experts opinions on the problems that would be studied at field level in order to translate the experts knowledge into a more numerical form or specific rules that could then be incorporated into the ES. The raw data of the field studies were stored in databases and can be updated and referred to through the ES. The possible roles for PADI_EX areas advisor and peer system for better water management in a continuous and plot-to-plot paddy irrigation scheme.
Repository Staff Only: Edit item detail | <urn:uuid:952a8da0-702e-4ed7-94e1-57c1a71d3e43> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/9880/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00126-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917869 | 250 | 1.804688 | 2 |
Do you remember reading those wonderful books in the 70s by authors like Erich von Daniken and the like, all about aliens visiting Earth milienia ago? How I miss the simple optimism of those books. But now, somebody has actually discovered something strange in the great pyramid:
Remember a few years ago, scientists and engineers managed to get a small wheeled-vehicle up one of those two narrow shafts that lead from the King’s Chamber (tomb) to the exterior of the pyramid in the direction of certain stars? They came up against a tiny wall and although the little robotic vehicle could peer over it, nothing could be seen in the small chamber opposite. They ran out of funding.
Well, they have funding again and last month managed to break through the wall. They found what looks like a robotic vehicle from ancient Egypt! Imagine that! It is battery powered.
You can find out more about ancient pyramids and how they might have originate in my book Unknown Place, Unknown Universe. BOOK 3 in the series, Worlds Like Dust, will be published some time in the next two months. Watch the trailer for Unknown Place, Unknown Universe below. I hope you like it, and if you do, or have anything else to say about this post, please leave a comment. | <urn:uuid:d474906e-f1d8-4ac3-86ff-8293d3a5fce8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lazloferran.com/2015/02/02/electric-car-found-in-pyramid/?shared=email&msg=fail | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.948692 | 265 | 2.171875 | 2 |
The Sustainable Joes go off-grid in the city
Going off-grid is easier than it used to be as the equipment gets cheaper and better, but it is still a challenge. In London, Ontario, Steve Szucs and Dave Pope are are doing it in the city, in a rental apartment. It's a four-month experiment in sustainable living, trying to live off-grid, zero waste, as green as they can be, "to develop a sustainable now for nature and humanity".
I think a lot of people are curious [about sustainability] and have an inherent feeling that something needs to be done, but they just don't know how to do it, so we're just trying to make this more accessible to anybody.
It isn't easy. They have electricity courtesy of Goal Zero Canada, which supplied them with solar panels and a Yeti , a neat little battery/inverter package that gives them AC, DC and USB power. They have a solar shower (but the sun hasn't been very cooperative) and are trying to cook by the light of a giant fresnel lens from an old projection TV that they call their "death ray". This hasn't worked so well yet either; they are surviving on smoothies and raw food, and have lost a lot of weight already.
Watching the videos, it is clear that these guys are learning as they go, and having some fun doing it; I am glad they are in the city instead of trying to survive in the bush or out in the desert. It is sort of what Colin Beavan tried to do with his No Impact Project, but they actually have it a bit easier than Colin did, having a backyard for solar panels and a bit of room for a garden.
Steve tells the London Free Press about the challenges.
Are we experts in this? No. But, are we going to try and figure it out? Absolutely. Because otherwise, what kind of world are we going to leave future generations — one with no natural resources left.
Writing about his no impact project, Colin Beavan wrote that the exercise "wasn't just good for the environment, but it made them healthier, happier and richer in ways they never expected." It looks like the same might be happening to the Sustainable Joes. More at The Sustainable Joes new website and on Facebook. | <urn:uuid:2bc8ce92-e22c-45e4-8eb8-ab8ef87d0429> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.treehugger.com/green-home/sustainable-joes-go-grid-city.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00504-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.974954 | 479 | 2.359375 | 2 |
Besides backup, any IT division should have a disaster recovery plan. You will find a few tips below relating to the development of such a plan and to what issues one should pay special attention in the course of backup planning.
Event Type: Error Event Source: MSExchangeIS Mailbox Store Event Category: Logons Event ID: 1022 Date: 5/7/2009 Time: 11:49:49 PM User: N/A Computer: MYSERVER Description: Logon Failure on database "First Storage Group\Mailbox Store (SERVER)" - Windows 2000 account NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM; mailbox /o=First Organization/ou=first administrative group/cn=Recipients/cn=MYUSER. Error: -2147221231 For more information, click http://www.microsoft.com/contentredirect.asp. ===================================================== Event Type: Error Event Source: Backup Exec Event Category: None Event ID: 57860 Date: 5/5/2009 Time: 11:18:10 PM User: N/A Computer: MYSERVER Description: An error occurred while attempting to log in to the following server: "MYSERVER\SBSMONITORING". SQL error number: "0011". SQL error message: "[DBNETLIB][ConnectionOpen (Connect()).]SQL Server does not exist or access denied. ". For more information, click the following link: http://eventlookup.veritas.com/eventlookup/EventLookup.jhtml Data: 0000: 11 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........ 0008: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........
|Windows Server Backup - behind the scenes management algorithm||8||39|
|My Query is not giving correct result. Please help||5||30|
|Splitting the content of a column in SQL||11||21|
|SQL Server Question||5||28|
Join the community of 500,000 technology professionals and ask your questions.
Connect with top rated Experts
15 Experts available now in Live! | <urn:uuid:93296a62-375e-4bd3-adc6-524831ff6c5b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.experts-exchange.com/questions/24392822/System-account-problems-logging-in-for-various-services.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281151.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00109-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.718313 | 429 | 1.679688 | 2 |
A virtual personal network or VPN service is the tool that is typically used nowadays to safeguard the personal privacy of users when surfing the web. They can do this by developing a sort of encrypted tunnel where all the data that you send online can travel through. It will be impossible for individuals who intercept the information to check out and comprehend it because it’s encrypted. There are lots of VPN provider around, that makes it difficult to choose the very best one. When selecting the ideal service supplier for you, I have noted below some of the requirements that you should look for.
Besides, by doing this of enjoying bbc iPlayer outside UK is not perfect, as you can be spotted and tossed out of bbc iPlayer right in the middle of your favorite program. So, exists any other more trusted option for having bbc iPlayer outside UK? The bright side is, you get an option to having to transfer to UKA. That is using a VPN per la Cina.
What the most you can do with this service is that it allows you to go to all the websites which are blocked in Canada or abroad. You might bypass your firewall, and you have a complete liberty of submitting and downloading the contents from the web. You can watch your favorite online TELEVISION channels without any restriction. There are numerous people who are trying to find the finest Canadian best VPN for their numerous personal or organisation requirements. The only thing of caution here is to obtain familiar with the essentials concepts of Canadian VPN.
As time went on, the speed of end users broadband connections likewise grew. Giganews made sure to upgrade their networks so that they can continue to stay up to date with the expectation they set in the past. In the past several years, Giganews’ news feed has grown exponentially. What use to be just a couple of hundred thousand articles is up in the billions and billions.
Checking in to your email through a free VPN Services might be sufficient to trigger lots of economic damage. When your email address is jeopardized hackers will reset your PayPal, eBay, and Amazon passwords. From there they’ll order things through eBay or Amazon because credit cards are saved on those sites. Equally they’ll use your PayPal to purchase things or they’ll send your hard-earned money to a cash mule.
An outsourced solution will give you the very same feel and look, plus much more, of an extremely high-end PBX type service. It likewise makes the connection of remote users much simpler. In lots of hosted, or outsourced options, the requirement for VPN is removed, which can be challenging to maintain for voice. Small companies can run much like large enterprises with an easy, outsourced telecommunication service.
You can use a Virtual Private Network (VPN) to unblock Skype in China. With an individual VPN, you can also use the U.S. variation of Skype and not the Chinese version of Skype known as Tom-Skype. When you utilize a VPN service, the VPN conceals your genuine IP address and gives you a brand-new one. The VPN serves as a tunnel in between your computer system and the Web server and encrypts all data going through it. In doing so the VPN hides your Internet traffic from your ISP so you can now have private discussions. | <urn:uuid:b3bfba53-3086-4cde-b762-135709e78f15> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://locamagic.biz/setting-up-a-pptp-vpn-on-your-ipad-or-ipod-touch/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00278.warc.gz | en | 0.9488 | 678 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Brits abroad are making the most of the opportunity to eat, drink and be merry, according to new research by Churchill Travel Insurance.
The survey of UK holidaymakers found that the average spend on food per person came to £610 per person for a two-week trip, shelling out more than £43 each day on meals and snacks. All that eating takes time too, with Brits spending an average of almost four hours each day enjoying the local culinary delights, resulting in almost half of those surveyed (45 per cent) saying they ate more on holiday than they would do normally.
All-inclusive holidays to Egypt, Spain and other destinations are an increasingly popular option, and those choosing an all-inclusive deal were even more likely to indulge themselves, wanting to get as much for their money as possible. 52 per cent of travellers who opted for all-inclusive trips said they ate more on holiday than they normally would, while 25 per cent of all-inclusive travellers also said they tried to drink as much of the free alcohol on offer as possible while on holiday.
“It seems that British travellers are making the most of the cuisine on offer in other countries while they are abroad,” said Annette Fox, spokesperson at Churchill Travel Insurance. “However, remember to check that the food is safe to eat if you’re eating away from your hotel, and be safe and know your limits when drinking alcohol,” she added.
After returning from a holiday, 23 per cent of Brits said they would put themselves on a health regime in order to compensate for the excesses of their trip away. | <urn:uuid:b1ff0260-b46d-4d59-b646-82ede609369e> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.cheapholidays.com/blog/brits-indulging-holiday-food-drink/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718309.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00406-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.979145 | 334 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Since the advent of the President Muhammadu Buhari-led federal administration, there has been lingering controversy on how the principle of separation of power is practiced.
The executive arm of government, headed by president Buhari, has come under increasing focus for displaying what seems like overwhelming emasculation of the two other arms of government, namely the legislature and the judiciary.
Sadly, those heading these arms of government have yet to stand their ground and defend their place in the constitution so as to stop Nigeria from evolving into a totalitarian regime.
The lack luster attitude of the hierarchies of the legislature and judiciary reminds me of the allegory of an appeaser who feeds a crocodile hoping it will eat him last as told by one of Europe’s most respected politicians- Winston Churchill (1874-1965), who was a powerful premier of Great Britain in the immediate aftermath of the Second World War.
From “The politics Book” published by Jonathan Graham, we read the following essay on the allegory of the appeaser whom, as I earlier pointed out, feeds the crocodile with the fatal faith of enjoying the misfortune of been consumed last which in the overall calculation is projected towards finding a way out or what is called soft landing.
Winston Churchill wrote that an appeaser believes he is not powerful enough to defeat a tyrant. Therefore the appeaser makes concessions in order to avoid going to war. But his concessions make him weaker and in the same vein the concessions make the tyrant stronger. Much of continental Europe as observed by Mr Winston Churchill played the politics of appeasement with Adolphus Hitler of the then Germany and before they realised the futility of their collective gamble, the tyrant from Germany had overran much of Europe and undertook the Holocaust which saw over 6 million Jews killed.
You may wonder why I had to deploy the post -World War 1 experiences of continental Europe to equate to happenings in our contemporary political epoch.
These are my reasons: the executive arm of government headed by President Muhammadu Buhari took exceptions to the emergence of the leadership of both chambers of the National Assembly with very specific reference to the emergence of the firer two terms governor of Kwara State Mr Bukola Saraki as the President of the Senate- thus positioning him in a good stead to run for a possible Presidential slot in 2019.
Muhammadu Buhari an erstwhile military ruler, made it clear that he was not comfortable with the independence exercised by the national legislators in picking their principal leaders and he hinged his opposition to the extraneous fact that the political party with the majority members of the National Assembly -All Progressives Congress had a different list from those officials who were freely chosen by the legislators but instead of the legislators to vigorously maintain its independence the hierarchies of both the Federal House of Representatives and the Senate eventually capitulated half way and placated their political party by nominating into powerful offices candidates sponsored by the forces that control the All Progressive Congress and the leadership of the Senate thought it could use this capitulation to negotiate soft landing from the prosecution by the office of the Federal Attorney General of the Senate president for alleged falsification of assets declaration whilst he was a state governor in kwara many years ago. Most Nigerians are notorious for false assets declaration and since the Freedom of information Act may or may not be cited to gain access to such declarations of assets not a lot of these lying politicians have faced prosecution.
Bukola Saraki is thought to be persecuted by the political powers that be because he towered above the dictates of controlling forces within his party to become the Number three citizen of Nigeria as the Senate President.
The executive arm of government has continued to remain resolute to use the pretense of prosecuting the Senate President for alleged false declaration of assets to settle scores over the emergence of the current National Assembly leadership which some forces within the party in power at the center felt offended and insulted because their ordained foot soldiers in the National Assembly couldn’t emerge as the hierarchies of both chambers.
The consequences of the appeasement process initiated wrongly by the Senate leadership with the executive arm is that Nigerians have continued to witness the unleashing of centrifugal and centripetal forces of instability especially in the upper chamber of the National Assembly which have culminated in the multiple prosecutions for alleged forgeries of both the senate president and his deputy. Dr Ike Ekweremadu of the PDP who became Deputy Senate President thus upstaging the apples carte is ferociously attacked from the Presidency even as a charge of forgery of Senate Rules has been foisted around his neck in an attempt to unseat him for becoming the first ever Deputy head of the Legislature at the center from a seemingly minority party.
Ironically, the Federal House of Representatives headed by Speaker Yakubu Dogara is yet to witness any of these subterranean plots to undermine the authority of the house leaders as is the case with their counterparts in the senate of the Federal Republic.
The judiciary has also played this politics of appeasement with the executive arm of government to such an extent that even when President Buhari failed to comply with bail orders to release the detained leader of the indigenous people of Biafra Mr. Nnamdi Kanu and the erstwhile National Security Adviser Colonel Sambo Dasuki the Nigerian court system failed to take action to stem the tidal waves of the emasculation of the judicial powers of the federation which is truly theirs in line with the constitution.
For instance the court system in Nigeria would have proceeded on strike to press home their righteous indignation over the erosion of her constitutional powers as done by the president who is the head of the executive arm of government. Rather the courts have continued to hear not just those cases involving the two litigants whose human rights were violated and the powers of the courts overlooked, but the Nigerian Judiciary has continued to work as if nothing untoward had happened.
Sensing that the leadership of the Nigerian court system has fallen into the error of playing politics of appeasement in which the Appeaser is seen as someone who feeds the crocodile hoping that it would be the last to be eaten up, the President has since fired a salvo from far away Addis Ababa, Ethiopia during the last African Union meeting by categorically telling the World that the Judiciary is the main problem of Nigeria.
Smarting triumphantly from this attack on the credibility of the Nigerian Judiciary, it would seem that the judiciary is facing another barrage of attack from the Executive forces.
The Judiciary has raised alarm of deliberate starvation of fund to operate making the National Judicial Council incapable of meeting necessary financial obligations even when the constitution conferred financial independence on it.
The prize for unnecessary appeasement is that Judicial officers, including the Chief Justice of Nigeria, Justice Mahmoud Mohammed, Supreme Court Justices, justices of the Court of Appeal and all Federal and state High Court judges, are yet to get their January salaries, it was learnt recently.
February’s pay falls due last week but the over 600 judges seem not to have any hope of getting paid.
The development as rightly observed has affected workers in the Judiciary in the Supreme Court, Court of Appeal Federal High Court, National Industrial Court and the National Judicial Council.
Only workers in the state Judiciary in the 36 states have been lucky. Is this another sinister way of seeking to erode the judicial powers of the federation which by right belongs to the Court system?
Interestingly, the Judiciary is on First Line Charge, its allocation for January has not been released due to lack of funds.
It was gathered that the National Judicial Council (NJC) has made representations to the Executive to release the votes in the First Line Charge but the request was still being considered.
The 600 judges affected include Supreme Court(15), Court of Appeal(85), Federal High Court(88) and National Industrial Court(19).
Most of the judges are said to be grumbling because they cannot meet their basic needs. The law forbids them from engaging in any trade.
According to a source, “The CJN and over 600 judges are stranded because they have not been paid since January. The allocation due to NJC for the payment of salaries and allowances of Judicial officers is yet to be released.
“Most of the judges are unhappy but they cannot complain due to their Judicial Oath. The non-payment of salary has affected workers in the Supreme Court, Court of Appeal Federal High Court, National Industrial Court and the National Judicial Council.
Section 81(3) provides for Direct Line Charge for the Judiciary and remedy if there is any shortfall.
The constitution says: “The amount standing to the credit of the (a) Independent National Electoral Commission(INEC) (b) National Assembly, and ( c) Judiciary in the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Federation shall be paid directly to the said bodies respectively;
“in the case of the Judiciary, such amount shall be paid to the National Judicial Council for disbursement.
“If in respect of any financial year, it is found that (a) the amount appropriated by the Appropriation Act for any purpose is insufficient; or (b) a need has arisen for expenditure for a purpose for which no amount has been appropriated by the Act, a supplementary estimate showing the sums shall be laid before each House of the National Assembly and the heads of any such expenditure shall be included in a Supplementary Appropriation Bill.”
The time is ripe for all defenders of democracy to speak out and condemn these indiscriminate attacks on the two institutions of democracy as engineered by the Presidency.
Culled from thewillnigeria.com | <urn:uuid:c5a82dbc-ace5-4945-9010-52a425531fab> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://nigerianpilot.com/is-nigerias-judiciary-under-attack/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00287-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970782 | 1,968 | 2.171875 | 2 |
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A synchronous closing system for high voltage circuit breakers is disclosed
wherein the circuit breaker main contacts close within about 1 millisecond
of a current zero in the current through a closing resistor in a 60 hertz
system. Closing accuracy is obtained by delaying the release of a latch
which holds the closing system for a given delay following the appearance
of a closing signal, which delay enables hydraulic operating pressures to
come to full value before permitting the hydraulic operation of the
closing piston. The latch release instant is controlled from a signal
derived from a zero cross-monitor circuit, which monitors resistor current
and releases the latch at a time which allows contact closing at a
subsequent current zero. The closing mechanism may be slightly jogged
before full motion and during the delay time.
Gray; Keith I. (LaVerne, CA), Johnson; David S. (Downey, CA)
Primary Examiner: Moose, Jr.; Harry E.
Attorney, Agent or Firm:Ostrolenk, Faber, Gerb & Soffen
What is claimed is:
1. A synchronous closing circuit for a hydraulically operated circuit breaker; said circuit breaker having a pair of contacts connected in an electrical system; a piston
connected to said contacts for operating said contacts to a closed position; a pressure source for operating said piston; electrically operable valve means for connecting said pressure source to said piston; a latch mechanism connected to said piston
and being operable from a latched position holding said piston in a position in which said contacts are open to an unlatched position at which said piston can move to close said contacts; and synchronous circuit means operable to produce an output
signal having a given time relation to a point on the wave shape of one of the voltage or current of said electrical system so that said latch mechanism is unlatched at a time which ensures contact closure near to or at a subsequent predetermined point
on said wave shape zero current instant of said electrical system.
2. The circuit of claim 1 which further includes second circuit means for operating said electrically operable valve means and third circuit means for delaying the release of said latch mechanism for a given time delay after the operation of
said electrically operable valve means.
3. The circuit of claim 2 wherein said given time delay is about 50 milliseconds and wherein said electrical system has a frequency of 60 hertz.
4. The circuit of claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein said circuit breaker has a voltage rating of about 550,000 volts
5. The circuit of claim 1, 2 or 3 which further includes jogging means for producing limited motion of said piston during said time delay.
6. The circuit of claim 5 wherein said jogging means causes said piston to move less than about 1/4 inch.
7. The circuit of claim 1 or 2 wherein said contacts close consistently in an interval of about 2 milliseconds.
8. The method of closing a circuit breaker synchronously with a zero current instant in the current of the circuit containing said circuit breaker; said method comprising: connecting a resistor in parallel with the main contacts of said circuit
breaker; detecting the occurrence of zero resistor current crossings of said circuit; applying hydraulic pressure to an operating piston which closes said circuit breaker while said piston is latched against substantial motion; releasing said latch at
a time after hydraulic pressure has increased above a given value, and at a time which will cause the contacts of said circuit breaker to close at an instant near current zero.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein said contacts close constantly in an interval of about 2 milliseconds which includes a system current zero.
10. The method of closing a circuit breaker at any preferred point on a 60 HZ wave with respect to the zero crossing of one of the voltage or current of an electrical system containing said circuit breaker; said method comprising: applying
hydraulic pressure to an operating piston which closes said circuit breaker while said piston is latched against substantial motion; allowing hydraulic pressure to build above a certain value and stabilize; detecting a zero-crossing of the voltage or
current of said electrical system; releasing said latch at a time which will cause the contacts of said circuit breaker to close at a subsequent and preferred instant with respect to a subsequent system zero-crossing.
11. The method of claim 10 wherein said contacts close constantly in an interval of about 2 milliseconds which includes the preferred instant with respect to said system zero-crossing.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to circuit breaker closing systems, and more specifically relates to a novel synchronous closing system for extra-high voltage circuit breakers.
It is known that extra-high voltage circuit breakers, for example, those operating in lines of 550 kV or more should preferably be closed in synchronism with the closing resistor current zero. This will limit switching surge overvoltages on the
line due to trapped charges on the line and due to the main contact shunting by a closing resistor.
To obtain synchronism between the contact closing and the current zero, it is known to provide zero cross-detection systems which monitor the resistor current and which produce closing signals which are applied to hydraulic operating mechanisms
for the circuit breaker with a timing such that the hydraulic operating mechanism will close the circuit breaker contacts at an instant in a two millisecond "window" around a zero current.
It has been found that such systems do not give good repeatability. Variable closing instants have been found to be caused by changes in ambient temperature, inconsistency in the operation of the control valve, inconsistency in the movement of
the piston, and variations in the control voltage controlling the various elecrtrical relays and other components in the system. In particular, it was found that the rate of rise of pressure for operating the pneumatic piston varied considerably and
this caused variable and unpredictable changes in the closing instant which were, in some cases, unacceptably greater than the desired two millisecond window for closing around the zero current instant.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the present invention, the operating piston which operates the contacts can be latched against movement by the force of its hydraulic fluid until the latch is released. The piston is then held latched following the initiation
of an operating signal calling for circuit breaker closure for a given time delay to enable piston pressure to come up to a high enough value to cause a consistent operation of the piston after the latch is released. A 50 millisecond delay has been
found satisfactory for this purpose, although any desired delay could be used. After the delay period has elapsed, the latch is released by a conventional zero cross-section circuit to produce circuit breaker contact closing at or near a subsequent zero
By delaying the operation of the piston until operating pressure has built up, variation in closing time due to variable pressure on the piston is eliminated. Moreover, the delay ensures sufficient pressure to place the system immediately into a
dynamic friction mode of operation so that a very consistent travel curve for the contacts is obtained.
When carrying out the invention, it is also possible to cause the piston system to "jog" slightly during the 50 millisecond delay in order to overcome static friction effects within the piston system. However, the invention can be carried out in
the absence of this intermediate jog feature.
The invention as described provides highly consistent closing times to accomplish synchronous closing of circuit breaker contacts. However, its execution is not limited to synchronous closing and it may be used for the closing of circuit breaker
contacts at any preferred time on a 60 cycle wave with respect to the zero-crossing.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is block diagram of the novel system of the invention.
FIG. 2 shows timing curves and travel curves of the principal components of the closing system in a prior art type of circuit breaker.
FIG. 3 shows timing and travel curves similar to those of FIG. 2 when using the novel system and closing latch of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a latch mechanism assembly which can be applied to a conventional operating piston for a high voltage circuit breaker.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 4 taken across the section line 5--5 in FIG. 4.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Referring first to FIG. 2, there is illustrated therein the characteristics of a prior art closing system. The prior art closing system uses a a conventional hydraulic circuit breaker hydraulic operating system wherein a pneumatic piston is
mechanically connected to the movable contact structure of a circuit breaker and the circuit breaker contacts are closed by pressurizing the piston, thereby forcing it to move in its containing cylinder to close the contacts.
The cylinder is placed under pressure by the opening of a solenoid valve. This solenoid valve is, in turn, opened by the operation of a so-called x-relay contact which is a contact in the circuit breaker control mechanism.
In FIG. 2, the upper line shows the condition of the x-relay contact and it will be seen that the relay contact is closed at time t1 in order to energize a solenoid valve relay which pressurizes the operating piston. The second line in FIG. 2
shows the buildup in fluid pressure in the cylinder containing and operating a piston. It will be seen that after time t1, the piston pressure begins to build toward its desired operating value. As the pressure behind the piston increases, the piston
itself begins to move as shown in its travel curve which is the third line in FIG. 2 and the main contacts of the circuit breaker begin to travel and ultimately close under the influence of the piston at time t2.
The conventional mechanism described in FIG. 2 has been operated synchronously to cause the main contacts to close at a time t2 which is at or near closing resistor current zero in the system to avoid high closing surge voltage on the system.
Conventionally, synchronization is obtained by coupling a zero cross-detection circuit to the line and by causing the zero cross-detection circuit to operate the x-relay coil at some instant t1 which will produce the closing at time t2, with time t2 as
near as possible to a zero crossing instant. The time following the first zero crossing instant until a signal should be put out by the detector to initiate the closing operation, so that the contacts will close on a subsequent zero crossing instant,
can be easily calculated.
It has been found that in the prior art system of FIG. 2, the actual closing instant t2 is not consistent and falls in a window of about 5 milliseconds around a zero current instant in a 60 hertz system. This closing window is too large for
stable circuit conditions and it would be preferable that contact closing occurs in a window of about 2 milliseconds for good circuit stability.
One of the reasons for closing inconsistency in prior art devices is the irregular piston travel and irregular buildup of the air pressure to operate the closing piston. These variations are due, in part, to uncontrolled friction characteristics
within the piston closing mechanism as well as irregular valve operation.
In accordance with the present invention and as is described in FIGS. 1 and 3, a novel closing latch is connected to the operating piston and a novel delay circuit is provided to prevent the actuation of the closing latch and operating piston for
some given time delay after a desired signal in order to allow the piston pressure to reach a stable value which will ensure consistent piston operation when the piston is subsequently released by the latch by a zero cross-actuated release circuit.
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the novel closing system of the invention and shows a single phase of a multiphase high voltage circuit breaker having main contacts 10 connected between terminals 11 and 12. A closing resistor 10a in
series with closing contacts 10b is closed in advance of contacts 10 in a conventional manner. Obviously, the invention will be applied to each phase of a multiphase circuit breaker. Contact 10 is operated by a conventional closing piston 13. Piston
13 is contained in a hydraulic cylinder which can be filled with high pressure air or other fluid from an operating piston pressure source 14 through a solenoid valve 15 which can be opened when it is desired to operate closing piston 13. The solenoid
valve 15 is, in turn, operated by x-relay 16 which receives its operating signal ultimately from the close initiate 18.
In accordance with the invention, the closing piston 13 is latched by a piston latch 20 shown in FIG. 1, where the piston latch 20 prevents the closing piston 13 from closing contact 10 even though solenoid valve 15 is open and pressure from the
pressure source 14 is increasing behind the closing piston 13.
The piston latch 20 is controlled, in turn, by a latch trip coil 21 and the latch trip coil 21 is operated by 50 millisecond delay relay 22, close enable circuit 23 and mechanism time delay circuit 23a. More specifically, after close initiate 18
operates, x-relay contacts 16 close and 50 millisecond delay relay 22 begins to time. At the end of the 50 millisecond delay, relay 22 applies an enable signal to close enable circuit 23. When a zero cross-signal is also applied to close enable circuit
23, it fires to trigger mechanism time delay circuit 23a which times out for a given time. This given time is the delay needed after a zero cross to operate coil 21 in order that the contact 10 will close at a subsequent zero instant in the closing
By the time the circuit 23a times out and produces a signal to operate coil 21, the closing piston will have been well pressurized and ready to produce a consistent closing operation. That is, by latching the closing piston 13 and preventing its
operation for some given period of time such as 50 milliseconds or some other suitable delay, it is assured that the pressure behind closing piston 13 will reach a sufficiently high value that when the piston latch 20 is released, extremely consistent
closing times are obtained for the contacts 10. This consistent operation is demonstrated in FIG. 3.
Thus, in FIG. 3, the x-relay 16 is operated at time t1. Note that the operation of relay 16 need not be synchronized with a voltage or current zero, and can be operated by close-initiate circuit 18a. Relay 16 then operates valve 15 to permit
high pressure fluid from fluid source 14 to flow into the cylinder confining closing piston 13 and permits the buildup of piston pressure to some peak value as shown in the second line in FIG. 3. Note that during this time, piston travel is not started,
except for a small "jog" to be later described.
Beginning at time t1 in FIG. 3, the 50 millisecond delay relay 22 also begins to time as shown in the third line in FIG. 3 and it produces an output pulse at time t2 which is 50 milliseconds later than time t1.
With the operation of the 50 millisecond delay relay 22, a first input is applied the close-enable circuit 23. A second input from the zero cross-detector 17 is applied at the first zero cross instant following t2 to begin the timing of delay
23a. Delay circuit 23a produces a signal at time t3 which is the time at which coil 21 should be energized to ensure that contact 10 will close on a subsequent zero voltage instant. Thus, the closing signal for latch trip coil 21 is applied at a time
t3, labeled the zero cross detector close signal in FIG. 3.
The operation of coil 21 and the release of the piston latch 20 then permits the closing piston 13, which is pre-pressurized, and causes the closing of the contact 10 at time t4, which is a zero voltage instant in the bus current wave form.
To make the closing times more consistent, the closing piston 13 may be initially jogged or caused to move a short distance, for example, 1/8 to 1/4 inch as compared to full piston travel of about 2 inches, to ensure that the entire mechanism is
free to operate when the piston latch 20 is ultimately released. To this end, any suitable jogging mechanism, schematically illustrated in FIG. 1 as the piston jog block 24, can be applied to the closing piston 13 and can be energized through the
solenoid valve 15. The slight piston jog travel is shown in the piston travel curve in FIG. 3 as a slight movement just prior the time t5. After the short initial motion of 1/8 to 1/4 inch, the piston sits in that position until it is fully released by
the piston latch 20 at time t3.
If non-synchronous operation is desired, the close enable circuit 23 and mechanism time delay 23a can be bypassed through the bypass closing relay contacts 25. In this event the latch trip coil 21 is energized immediately after time out of the
50 millisecond delay relay 22, releasing piston latch 20 and allowing closing piston 13 to close breaker contacts 10. Suitable operating means (not shown) will close bypass closing relay contacts 25 when bypass operation is desired.
One typical novel latch mechanism which could be used for latch 20 is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 in cross-sectional view. The piston mechanism of FIG. 4 is connected to the bottom of a conventional piston cylinder 30 which has a piston rod 31
extending from a piston trapped in the cylinder body and moves under the influence of high pressure air which is applied to the cylinder. The piston rod 31 in FIGS. 4 and 5 is shown in its latched position and in a position in which the contacts
operated by rod 31 are open.
The piston rod 31 has its bottom end connected to a suitable coupling 32 which receives a pivot pin 33. Pivot pin 33 receives one end of a crank 34 which carries a movable pivot 35. The opposite end of crank 34 is pivotally connected by pin 36
to link 37 which is pivotally connected by pin 38 to the fixed bracket 39. Pin 35 of link 34 receives one end of link 40 which is pivotally mounted on a fixed pivot 41. One end of member 40 is pinned to the pin 35 and its other end carries a pin 42
which carries a roller 43 which can be latched by the main latch member 44 rotatably mounted on the fixed pin 45. Latch 44 is biased by the spring 46 against stop assembly 47 having an adjustable stop screw 48. The stop screw 48 receives the main latch
44 which is latched by a secondary latch 50 mounted on fixed pivot 51 (FIG. 4) and biased by the biasing spring 52 against the stop assembly 53.
A trip coil 60 is then provided having a plunger 61 which is operable to rotate latch 50 to release roller 62 of main latch 44, thereby to permit latch 44 to rotate clockwise to release roller 43. Member 40 is then biased clockwise about pivot
41 against the spring assembly 70 by the main piston and, upon release of the latch 44, member 40 rotates clockwise about pivot 41 to release the toggle formed between links 34 and 40 and to enable the high speed movement of the piston rod 31 under the
force of the air pressure within the cylinder containing the piston. After closing, spring assembly 70 resets the latch mechanism.
While the latch mechanism of FIGS. 4 and 5 is a preferred latch structure and has given good operation, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the latch structure disclosed is only one of many latches which could be employed.
Moreover, the novel invention could be carried out with numerous other contact closing arrangements using the basic concept of the invention which is to delay the operation of the circuit breaker operating mechanism until the hydraulic system has been
brought to pressure in response to an initial operating signal.
Although the present invention has been described in connection with a preferred embodiment thereof, many variations and modifications will now become apparent to those skilled in the art. It is preferred, therefore, that the present invention
be limited not by the specific disclosure herein, but only by the appended claims. | <urn:uuid:70f48711-be48-4070-8612-2ad0fad2dde6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://patents.com/us-4306263.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280730.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00244-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935771 | 4,239 | 1.804688 | 2 |
Choose Health: Food, Fun, and Fitness (CHFFF) is an award-winning, research-based 6-lesson curriculum for 8-12-year-olds that uses experiential learning to teach healthy eating and active play. CHFFF targets evidence-based behaviors for preventing obesity and chronic disease: less sweetened drinks, fewer high-fat and high-sugar foods, more vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and active play.
Pick a better snack brings fruits and vegetables into the classroom for kindergarten through third grade students all over Virginia. Nutrition educators teach short interactive lessons where kids learn about kiwi, spinach, zucchini, peaches, and more! These lessons show kids the connection between healthy eating and having fun!
Teen Cuisine is a hands-on cooking program created by the Virginia Family Nutrition Program that teaches students in grades 8-12 important life skills that will stay with them as they grow into adults.
Literacy, Eating, Activity for Preschoolers (LEAP) is a curriculum for preschoolers developed by the University of Kentucky’s Cooperative Extension. LEAP offers 10 lessons on food and nutrition using a storybook-style approach. | <urn:uuid:141434ba-83a8-4474-bea7-e154f9133523> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://eatsmartmovemoreva.org/virtual-fnp-programs/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.938436 | 244 | 3.4375 | 3 |
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Modiano's works centre on topics such as memory, loss of identity and guilt. His tales are often built on an autobiographical foundation or on events that took place during the German occupation of France in World War Two.
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences honoured the author “for the art of memory with which he has evoked the most ungraspable human destinies and uncovered the life-world of the occupation”.
Modiano, born on July 30, 1945 in a Paris suburb, made his debut as a writer in 1968 with La Place de l'Etoile, a novel that attracted much attention.
He has published more than 40 works in French, some of which have been translated into English, including “Ring of Roads: A Novel,” “Villa Triste”, “A Trace of Malice” and “Honeymoon”.
His novel “Missing Person” won the French literary accolade Prix Goncourt in 1978. In 2012, he won the Austrian State Prize for European Literature.
Modiano becomes the 11th Nobel Literature prize-winner born in France.
On October 6, British-American John O’Keefe, and Norwegian scientists Mary-Britt Moser and Edvard I. Moser won the Nobel Prize in Physiology for discovering a positioning system in the human brain.
On October 7, Japanese scientists Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano and Shuji Nakamura won the Nobel Prize in Physics for the invention of blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs).
On October 8, American researchers Eric Betzig and William Moerner and Germany’s Stefan Hell were awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for overcoming the resolution limits of optical microscopy and bringing it down to the nanoscale.
The Nobel Peace Prize laureate will be announced on October 10. | <urn:uuid:8b08202a-3a29-44de-bdf7-cb67b7e4291d> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://tass.com/non-political/753494 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988717954.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183837-00508-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946876 | 628 | 1.625 | 2 |
Check out this map. The year 2012 has been extraordinary for wildfires in the United States.
Records maintained by the National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC) show that more than 9.1 million acres had burned as of November 30, 2012. That’s the third highest total in a record that dates back to 1960. Although the year’s total number of fires — 55,505 — was lowest on the NIFC record, the average fire size was the highest on the record.
The visualization above depicts fires that burned between January 1 and October 31, 2012, as detected by NASA satellite instruments. Yellow and orange indicates fires that were more intense and had a larger area of active burning. Most of these intense fires occurred in the western United States, where lightning and human activity often sparks blazes that firefighters cannot contain. Many of the lower intensity fires shown in red were prescribed fires, lit for either agricultural or ecosystem management purposes.
The EarthSky team has a blast bringing you daily updates on your cosmos and world. We love your photos and welcome your news tips. Earth, Space, Human World, Tonight. | <urn:uuid:32ab98fb-ab32-426f-a586-4f645a3e59eb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://earthsky.org/earth/2012-extraordinary-year-for-wildfires-in-us | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00177-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963335 | 229 | 3.578125 | 4 |
The St. Vrain Creek watershed (which includes Left Hand Creek) is critical to maintaining the health, biodiversity, character, and economy of communities within the region, including Lyons and Longmont. The creek is home to a diverse population of native fish, receives Colorado River transmountain water, hosts one of the country’s largest outdoor games, has its headwaters in Rocky Mountain National Park and the Indian Peaks Wilderness, and its confluence in a county that is the largest agricultural economic producing county in Colorado. Further, the watershed has a diverse array of stakeholders that use and derive value from the waters including agricultural users, domestic water providers, and recreational users.
Why do we need stream management?
With such a wide range of uses and an intense focus of study, the St. Vrain poses an excellent opportunity to balance river health with water users’ needs through completion of a stream management plan.
With few exceptions, St. Vrain and Left Hand creeks have historically been managed without a collective vision to maximize the river’s use while also balancing its health. The September 2013 flood brought about a reenergized and expansive era of collaboration along with hundreds of millions of dollars for stream restoration. The collaborative flood recovery created a greater level of trust and partnership amongst water users, and many now want to transition to discussions of water management activities that can maximize post-flood projects to further benefit environmental, recreational, agricultural and domestic uses. A stream management plan appears to many stakeholders as a means to facilitate this transition.
Colorado’s Water Plan’s (“CWP”) objective is to cover 80 percent of the locally prioritized lists of rivers with Stream Management Plans (“SMP”). CWP used the South Platte Basin Implementation Plan (“BIP”) to help inform this measurable objective. The South Platte BIP studied a reach of St. Vrain Creek for environmental and recreational opportunities and concluded streamflows may be present to achieve environmental and recreational outcomes. However, the BIP further concluded that significant additional flow information is necessary, that stream channel and fish passage modifications should be further analyzed, and voluntary operational flow agreements, such as those previously operated by the St. Vrain Corridor Committee, should be explored.
Why is the District leading this?
The St. Vrain and Left Hand Water Conservancy District was formed in 1971 to develop, manage and protect water resources in the Longmont area by providing cutting edge water education, acting as stewards for a very precious natural resource, helping people and governmental agencies find creative solutions to meet their water needs, fighting threats to local water supplies and protect existing water rights, and ensuring high quality water is available for future generations.
For over 45 years the District has led and partnered in many significant water related activities in the basin. A few examples are provided below:
Protection of North St. Vrain Creek:
The District fought alongside other water users on a proposal designating the North St. Vrain Creek as Wild and Scenic. Concerned about restrictions and effects on private property and water rights, the District participated in a decade long process that resulted in a 1996 compromise amending the legislation that created Rocky Mountain National Park to include a prohibition on “construction of any new dam, reservoir, or impoundment on any segment of North St. Vrain Creek or its tributaries within the boundaries of Rocky Mountain National Park or on the main stem of North St. Vrain Creek downstream to the point at which the creek crosses the elevation 6,550 feet” (approximately the upstream terminus of Button Rock Reservoir). This compromise ensured environmental protections for the creek while preserving options for further water use in the future.
Flow Enhancements along St. Vrain Creek:
In 2009, the District as a member of the St. Vrain Corridor Committee facilitated an effort to install gates within diversion structures to pass voluntary winter flows from Button Rock Reservoir to Longmont. This project was partially funded by a CWCB grant.
St. Vrain Creek Coalition
Following the September 2013 flood, the District advocated for a collaborative approach to flood recovery. Working closely with federal, state and local partners the District played a critical leadership role ensuring the coalition was structured effectively to maximize flood recovery funding. For example, the District facilitated local stakeholders in the process of creating coalition bylaws and governance structure.
Ditch Company Funding:
Following the September 2013 flood, the District worked with FEMA and CWCB to design a method for ditch companies to receive funding. The work with FEMA lead to “Issue Paper #4” that provided 75% funding for ditch company diversions (which had never been provided in the past) and the work with CWCB lead to unique emergency loan and grant programs.
Following flood recovery projects, BIP completion, and in response to requests for leadership, the St. Vrain and Left Hand Water Conservancy District convened stakeholder meetings over two months to obtain feedback on: 1.) interest in pursuing a Stream Management Plan, and 2.) if the District should take the lead on applying for the grant.
Through these face to face meetings, as well as one-on-one interviews conducted with the help of River Network, stakeholders agreed the District should have a leadership role and this grant could serve as an opportunity to transition our focus from flood recovery to water use strategies that benefit river health.
What is the goal of this stream management plan?
The overall goal of this SMP is to collaboratively identify projects and management strategies in both St. Vrain and Left Hand Creeks that transition stakeholders from flood recovery to stream health projects that improve environmental conditions in the river while also meeting water users’ current and future needs and are aligned with private property rights, public land and resource management plans, and the prior appropriation system.
How will the District engage people and collaborate?
The consultant team, with input from local experts, has developed a Stakeholder Engagement Plan , and Community Engagement Plan . Each plan outlines opportunities for engagement. If you want to be notified of these opportunities, request a personal meeting to discuss your ideas, or provide direct feedback, please email email@example.com
What is the geographic scope?
This project will encompass South St. Vrain Creek, Middle St. Vrain Creek, North St. Vrain Creek, and the main stem of St. Vrain Creek to the confluence of the South Platte River, also including the tributary of Left Hand Creek upstream and including its tributaries James Creek and Little James Creek.
How will it be funded?
The St. Vrain and Left Hand Water Conservancy District will lead the development of a SMP that will take place in two phases over approximately five years. Phase 1 is schedule for just over a year and budgeted for just under $300,000.
The funds are provided through:
- Colorado Water Conservation Board Grant ($150,000)
- South Platte Basin Roundtable, Water Supply Reserve Fund Grant ($50,000)
Exhibit A: Statement of Work
Exhibit B: Existing Studies
- St. Vrain and Left Hand Water Conservancy District ($50,000)
- City of Longmont ($17,750)
- Boulder County ($17,750)
- St. Vrain Anglers local chapter of Trout Unlimited ($5,000)
- JLB Engineering ($2,500)
- American Whitewater ($7,000 – In-Kind)
Who are the consultants?
The St. Vrain and Left hand Water Conservancy District hired Biohabitats as the prime consultant, who has teamed with many sub-consultants:
- Wright Water Engineers, Inc.
- Peak Facilitation Group
- DiNatale Water Consultants
- Open Water Foundation
- Lefthand Watershed Oversight Group
The proposal can be downloaded by clicking the link below.
SMP News and Events
What is a Stream Management Plan? What do Stream Management Plans have to do with Ag? November 5th Shupe Homestead 11931 N. 61st St. Longmont, CO 80503 9AM-1PM Free Admission FOOD IS PROVIDED RSVP HERE Registration deadline is Nov. 1 The Colorado Ag Water Alliance...
October 13 and 16, 2018 THE DETAILS: These are the first of many opportunities for the community to engage in the St. Vrain Left Hand Stream Management Plan process. Join us for either or both events to learn more about the plan, provide input on your vision and...
Stakeholder survey results and wordclouds were revealed at the September 21, 2018 St. Vrain and Left Hand Stream Management Plan Workshop. Questions and topics covered in the survey included: Water quality and flow Healthy forests and watersheds Flood Resilience...
Building trust and capacity is one of the most important outcomes of Phase 1 of this Stream Management Plan (SMP). On September 21 the St. Vrain and Left Hand Water Conservancy District hosted the first of two kickoff meetings. These organizations were in attendance.... | <urn:uuid:0cfb7b72-beaa-494b-87b9-60a714e281cf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://svlhwcd.org/stream-management-plan/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.932573 | 1,877 | 2.9375 | 3 |
What Are The Most Popular Cuisines In The World?
There are many different types of cuisine in the world, and each one has its own unique flavors and sensations. Chefs around the world, whether they are professionals adorned in their white chef coats and women’s or men’s chef aprons, or rookie chefs in their crisp white men’s or women’s chef shirts, like to specialize in specific types of cuisines so that they become experts in it. Some types of food are more popular than others, and today we are going to take a look at some of the most popular ones. From Italian to Thai, these dishes have something special that makes them irresistible to people all over the world!
Italian cuisine is one of the most popular in the world, thanks to dishes like pasta and pizza
Italian cuisine is a favorite for many people all over the world, thanks to its delicious flavors and simple ingredients. Pasta and pizza are two of the most popular Italian dishes, and they're loved for their simplicity and flavor. If you are looking for a hearty meal that will leave you feeling satisfied, then Italian cuisine is definitely for you!
These Italian dishes use many delicious sauces and fresh ingredients, which are all cooked to perfection. This results in a meal that is packed full of flavor and nutrients. The popularity of Italian cuisine is no surprise, as it offers something for everyone. They also use a lot of cheeses and meats, which makes their dishes even more flavorful.
The French have their own unique style of cooking that has gained immense popularity over the years
French cuisine is all about using the freshest ingredients and cooking them in a way that enhances their natural flavors. This is why French dishes are often so light and delicate. The focus on freshness also means that French cuisine is incredibly healthy, as all of the nutrients from the ingredients are retained. The popularity of French cuisine is due to its ability to satisfy both the body and the mind.
Italian and French cuisines reign supreme when it comes to popularity around the globe but other nationalities have their own delicious traditional foods that are worth trying too.
Indian food is known for its spices and flavors that are sure to tantalize your taste buds
If you love spicy food then you need to try the cuisine from India. Indian curries are packed with flavor and can be made as mild or as spicy as you like. The use of fresh spices and herbs makes Indian food some of the most fragrant and aromatic cuisines you will ever try.
Chines Food - Offers variety with great taste
Another popular cuisine that originates from Asia is Chinese food. From stir-fries to noodles, there is something for everyone to enjoy. The focus on fresh vegetables and lean meats makes Chinese dishes healthy and delicious options. The MSG that is often associated with Chinese food is actually not used as much as people think, so you can enjoy your meal without worrying about any adverse effects.
Mexican food is a favorite for many people, with dishes like tacos and enchiladas
Mexican cuisine is another very popular choice globally. It is known for its use of fresh ingredients and bold flavors. Mexican food often includes spices such as chili peppers, which gives it a unique taste that many people love. If you are looking for a delicious and healthy option, Mexican food is a great choice.
From tasty Tacos to Burritos and Enchiladas, Mexican cuisine has a lot to offer. The use of fresh vegetables and herbs in their dishes give it a unique flavor that is hard to resist. Additionally, the bold use of spices such as chili peppers gives it an extra zing that many people enjoy. If you are looking for something new to try, or just want a delicious and healthy option, Mexican food is a great choice.
Japanese cuisine is known for its healthy and delicious options, such as sushi and ramen
The Japanese certainly have a very unique way of making their food taste amazing, while still being healthy. Sushi is one of the most popular dishes in Japan, and it is made with fresh seafood and rice. The fish is usually raw, which gives it a unique flavor that many people love. Ramen is another popular Japanese dish that consists of noodles in a soup broth. It is often served with vegetables and meats, making it a very filling meal. If you are looking for something new to try, or just want a healthy option, Japanese cuisine is a great choice.
The Japanese believe that raw fish (Sushi and Sashimi) is the best way to eat seafood. The texture and flavor of the fish is said to be at its peak when it is raw. Sushi and sashimi are both popular dishes in Japan that are made with raw fish. Sushi is made with rice and often has vegetables or fruits, while sashimi is simply sliced raw fish. Both of these dishes are healthy options that are low in calories and fat.
Thai food is becoming more and more popular, with dishes like Pad Thai and Tom Yum Soup
Thai food, especially Thai street food, is a very popular type of cuisine all over the world. Thai food is known for its strong, spicy flavors and fragrant aromas. Pad Thai is a popular dish made with rice noodles, vegetables, and protein, while Tom Yum Soup is a soup made with lemongrass, chili peppers, and fish sauce.
Thai food is often considered to be healthy because it uses fresh ingredients and very little oil. It is also a relatively inexpensive type of cuisine to make at home. With its popularity on the rise, there are sure to be more and more Thai restaurants popping up all over the world. | <urn:uuid:15238ea4-753c-4c86-abab-84e7a91968f3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.articleted.com/article/507712/114568/What-Are-The-Most-Popular-Cuisines-In-The-World- | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.979865 | 1,169 | 1.984375 | 2 |
Turn Your Sound On And Try Not To Jump
Just when you think it's over...
On August 29th, Mount Tavurvur erupted off the coast of Papua New Guinea.
That same day, Queensland resident Linda McNamara happened to be filming the event from a boat.
In the incredible footage, you can see the volcano erupt — sending a massive shockwave out that visibly moves the clouds above it.
What happens next is both thrilling and a bit terrifying — but you need to have your sound on to believe it.
Wow'd by nature? Click the share button below! | <urn:uuid:90ae973d-4d95-41fd-9aa8-e3bd28081c50> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://aplus.com/a/volcano-erupts-papua-new-guinea | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719646.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00128-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.927171 | 121 | 1.921875 | 2 |
Duncan Williams, Trousered Apes
(New Rochelle: Arlington House, 1972), p. 81:
Contemporary ideas need to be weighed not against others of the same period but against those of the past, and it is here that the average, modern student is defenceless. His interests and leisure reading are confined to an alarming extent to contemporary writers and thinkers who, despite their apparent individualism, are all really working in the same direction. It is ironic that the current demand at universities is for more relevance (that is to say, contemporaneity) in the curriculum. If acceded to, this will result in a still larger degree of temporal provincialism and an even more profound ignorance of the history of ideas than now prevails. | <urn:uuid:45afb9a0-a19e-4110-9796-b252839d3f1b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://laudatortemporisacti.blogspot.com/2004/09/temporal-provincialism.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00667.warc.gz | en | 0.944648 | 153 | 1.90625 | 2 |
Definitions for actækt
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word act
a legal document codifying the result of deliberations of a committee or society or legislative body
act, deed, human action, human activity(noun)
something that people do or cause to happen
a subdivision of a play or opera or ballet
act, routine, number, turn, bit(noun)
a short theatrical performance that is part of a longer program
"he did his act three times every evening"; "she had a catchy little routine"; "it was one of the best numbers he ever did"
a manifestation of insincerity
"he put on quite an act for her benefit"
perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)
"think before you act"; "We must move quickly"; "The governor should act on the new energy bill"; "The nanny acted quickly by grabbing the toddler and covering him with a wet towel"
act, behave, do(verb)
behave in a certain manner; show a certain behavior; conduct or comport oneself
"You should act like an adult"; "Don't behave like a fool"; "What makes her do this way?"; "The dog acts ferocious, but he is really afraid of people"
act, play, represent(verb)
play a role or part
"Gielgud played Hamlet"; "She wants to act Lady Macbeth, but she is too young for the role"; "She played the servant to her husband's master"
discharge one's duties
"She acts as the chair"; "In what capacity are you acting?"
act, play, act as(verb)
pretend to have certain qualities or state of mind
"He acted the idiot"; "She plays deaf when the news are bad"
be suitable for theatrical performance
"This scene acts well"
have an effect or outcome; often the one desired or expected
"The voting process doesn't work as well as people thought"; "How does your idea work in practice?"; "This method doesn't work"; "The breaks of my new car act quickly"; "The medicine works only if you take it with a lot of water"
be engaged in an activity, often for no particular purpose other than pleasure
dissemble, pretend, act(verb)
behave unnaturally or affectedly
"She's just acting"
act, play, roleplay, playact(verb)
perform on a stage or theater
"She acts in this play"; "He acted in `Julius Caesar'"; "I played in `A Christmas Carol'"
Something done, a deed.
An act of good will.
A product of a legislative body, a statute.
The process of doing something.
He was caught in the act.
A formal or official record of something done.
A division of a theatrical performance.
The pivotal moment in the play was in the first scene of the second act.
A performer or performers in a show.
Which act did you prefer? The soloist or the band?
Any organized activity.
A display of behaviour.
To do something.
If you don't act soon, you will be in trouble.
To perform a theatrical role.
I started acting at the age of eleven in my local theatre.
To behave in a certain way.
He's acting strangely - I think there's something wrong with him.
To convey an appearance of being.
He acted unconcerned so the others wouldn't worry.
To have an effect (on).
To play (a role).
He's been acting Shakespearean leads since he was twelve.
He acted the angry parent, but was secretly amused.
To map via a homomorphism to a group of automorphisms (of).
This group acts on the circle, so it can't be left-orderable!
Origin: acte, from acta, plural of actum, from ago.
that which is done or doing; the exercise of power, or the effect, of which power exerted is the cause; a performance; a deed
the result of public deliberation; the decision or determination of a legislative body, council, court of justice, etc.; a decree, edit, law, judgment, resolve, award; as, an act of Parliament, or of Congress
a formal solemn writing, expressing that something has been done
a performance of part of a play; one of the principal divisions of a play or dramatic work in which a certain definite part of the action is completed
a thesis maintained in public, in some English universities, by a candidate for a degree, or to show the proficiency of a student
a state of reality or real existence as opposed to a possibility or possible existence
process of doing; action. In act, in the very doing; on the point of (doing)
to move to action; to actuate; to animate
to perform; to execute; to do
to perform, as an actor; to represent dramatically on the stage
to assume the office or character of; to play; to personate; as, to act the hero
to feign or counterfeit; to simulate
to exert power; to produce an effect; as, the stomach acts upon food
to perform actions; to fulfill functions; to put forth energy; to move, as opposed to remaining at rest; to carry into effect a determination of the will
to behave or conduct, as in morals, private duties, or public offices; to bear or deport one's self; as, we know not why he has acted so
to perform on the stage; to represent a character
Origin: [L. actus, p. p. of agere to drive, lead, do; but influenced by E. act, n.]
The ACT college readiness assessment is a standardized test for high school achievement and college admissions in the United States produced by ACT, Inc. It was first administered in November 1959 by Everett Franklin Lindquist as a competitor to the College Board's Scholastic Aptitude Test, now the SAT Reasoning Test. The ACT has historically consisted of four tests: English, Mathematics, Reading, and Science Reasoning. In February 2005, an optional Writing test was added to the ACT, mirroring changes to the SAT that took place later in March of the same year. In the Spring of 2015, the ACT will start to be offered as a computer-based test that will incorporate some optional Constructed Response Questions; the test content, composite score and multiple choice format will not be affected by these changes. The test will continue to be offered in the paper format for schools that are not ready to transition to computer testing. The ACT has seen an increase in the number of test takers recently; In 2011 the ACT surpassed the SAT as 1,666,017 students took the ACT and 1,664,479 students took the SAT. All four-year colleges and universities in the U.S. accept the ACT, but different institutions place different emphases on standardized tests such as the ACT, compared to other factors of evaluation such as class rank, GPA, and extracurricular activities. The main four tests are scored individually on a scale of 1–36, and a Composite score is provided which is the whole number average of the four scores.
Chambers 20th Century Dictionary
akt, v.i. to exert force or influence: to produce an effect: to behave one's self: to feign.—v.t. to perform: to imitate or play the part of.—n. something done or doing: an exploit: the very process of doing something: a law or decision of a prince or legislative body: an instrument in writing for verification: (theol.) something done once for all, in opposition to a work: a distinct section of a play: in universities, a public disputation or lecture maintained by a candidate for a degree.—n. Act′ing, action: act of performing an assumed or a dramatic part: feigning.—adj. performing some duty temporarily, or for another.—n. Act′or, one who acts: a stage-player:—fem. Act′ress.—Act of God, a result of natural forces, unexpected and not preventable by human foresight.—In act to, on the very point of doing something.—To act on, to act in accordance with; To act up to, to come up in practice to some expected standard: to fulfil. [L. agĕre, actum; Gr. agein, to put in motion; Sans. aj, to drive.]
The Roycroft Dictionary
1. Thought in motion. 2. An actor who says he gets three thousand a week.
British National Corpus
Spoken Corpus Frequency
Rank popularity for the word 'act' in Spoken Corpus Frequency: #408
Written Corpus Frequency
Rank popularity for the word 'act' in Written Corpus Frequency: #1275
Rank popularity for the word 'act' in Nouns Frequency: #123
Rank popularity for the word 'act' in Verbs Frequency: #167
cat, Cat, CAT
ATC, cat, Cat, CAT, tac, TAC, TCA
The numerical value of act in Chaldean Numerology is: 8
The numerical value of act in Pythagorean Numerology is: 6
Sample Sentences & Example Usage
Images & Illustrations of act
Translations for act
From our Multilingual Translation Dictionary
- эш, ғәмәлBashkir
- дзейнічаць, падзейнічаць, паступіць, паступацьBelarusian
- държа се, въздействам, играя, върша, правя, постъпвам, действам, деяние, действие, постъпка, постановление, документ, законBulgarian
- comportar, portar, actuar, acteCatalan, Valencian
- působit, skutek, dějství, čin, zákonCzech
- actio, deddfWelsh
- optræde, opføre, agere, handle, spille, virke, akt, handling, dådDanish
- benehmen, agieren, fungieren, tun, wirken, handeln, auswirken, spielen, machen, Spiel, Handlung, Akt, Tat, Rechtsgeschäft, Gesetz, Verordnung, AkteGerman
- υποδύομαι, πράττω, συμπεριφέρομαι, δρω, ενεργώ, επενεργώ, πράξη, διάβημα, ενέργειαGreek
- aktori, agi, agoEsperanto
- comportar, actuar, acto, ley, hecho, acciónSpanish
- tegu, vaatusEstonian
- näytellä, toimia, vaikuttaa, tehdä, tekeminen, näytös, laki, olemassaolo, teko, pöytäkirjaFinnish
- se comporter, jouer, faire, agir, acte, action, loi, éditFrench
- achd, gnìomh, earrannScottish Gaelic
- comportar, portar, actuar, actoGalician
- אקט, חק, פעולה, מעשה, מערכהHebrew
- գործողություն, արարք, ակտArmenian
- fare, agire, comportarsi, legge, messinscena, atto, scena, numeroItalian
- 演技, 行動, 行為, 法令, 幕Japanese
- kirin, tesîr kirin, lîstin, kar, hebûn, xebat, perde, bîrname, kiryar, qanûnKurdish
- иш аракет, аракет, иш, кыймылKyrgyz
- facio, gero, geror, ago, me geroLatin
- agéierenLuxembourgish, Letzeburgesch
- tēlot, cēliensLatvian
- tindak, lakon, pura, akta, babak, اکتاMalay
- werken, optreden, opvoeren, reageren, spelen, acteren, handelen, gedragen, toneelspelen, handeling, akte, wet, daadDutch
- zachowywać, grać, zachować się, akt, działanie, czynPolish
- agir, comportar-se, atuar, ato, ata, açãoPortuguese
- вести, влиять, действовать, играть, делать, поступать, деяние, акт, постановление, поступок, действие, дело, притворство, закон, документ, играRussian
- ක්රියාව, පනතSinhala, Sinhalese
- čin, skutok, dejstvoSlovak
- handla, spela, uppföra, agera, bete, handling, dåd, aktSwedish
- tenda, kitendoSwahili
- నటించు, ప్రవర్తించు, క్రియ, చేత, పని, అంకము, చర్య, చట్టంTelugu
- поводитись, грати, чинити, діяти, акт, дія, вчинокUkrainian
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Select another language: | <urn:uuid:a24901ad-95c5-4b5e-8f01-79c24b0cdc83> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.definitions.net/definition/act | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00144-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.825107 | 3,544 | 3.25 | 3 |
The Assembling of the Church: Priesthood of the Few or Priesthood of All?
Very interesting post on a blog I have come across that really has gotten my attention. Alan Knox is adjunct professor of Greek at Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary, so he isn't some crazed rube from the backwoods who doesn't know anything. Some of the questions he raises really tips some of the most sacred cows in the church, some sacred cows that need to be tipped and turned into hamburger.
Can we truly believe in a priesthood of all believers when we say that some men are more priestly than others? We all have equal access to God, just some men have more access? Is leadership in the church a position or a function? Mr. Knox suggest that what we have today is not much different than what we had before 1517...
I do not think it is possible to maintain the priesthood of all while requiring a priesthood of the few at the same time. Since the Reformation, it has been clear that the doctrine of the priesthood of the few has worked to maintain the clergy/laity divide with which the magisterial reformers disagreed. According to Scripture, all believers are priests.
Sound words. I encourage you to check out his blog. But be warned, the corpses of sacred cows litter the landscape. Don't trip! | <urn:uuid:4bf690ed-21a7-472b-950f-cda662e2e086> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://thesidos.blogspot.com/2008/11/priesthood-of-all-versus-reality.html?showComment=1227711960000 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719784.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00425-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.97648 | 278 | 1.828125 | 2 |
I wanted to recreate an old kitchen making the most of the architectural aspects and the textures of the different surfaces: stucco wall, clay tiled floor, hydraulic tiles for a wall, wood...
In addition to the wealth of textures in a composition, I think it is interesting to add architectural elements that break the homogeneity of the walls. These elements not only add accuracy, but also they expand the visual space and emphasize some areas. In addition, those elements can also be used to hide a small electrical installation.
After assembling three MDF boards, I did the floor by cutting 15 mm squares of thick paper covered with plastic putty (used to fill the cracks in the 1:1 walls). After after been glued the tiles I painted they with a sponge with earthy colors to get the look of the clay. Then I applied at least four layers of plastic varnish to protect . Them, I spread with a finger the plastic putty in the spaces between tiles, immediately cleaning with a wet cloth the excess.
To make the wall with hydraulic tiles, I used a photo editing program to make a composition with different tile designs. after printing they in high resolution, I protected the image with spray varnish. Them I glued the paper on a thick paper and cut out each tile. After gluing them separately to the wall, I applied several layers of plastic varnish to waterproof and them I spread with a finger the plastic putty in the spaces between tiles, immediately cleaning with a wet cloth the excess.
En la otra pared apliqué aguaplast dejando libre el hueco de la puerta.
I made from balsa wood a small rustic oak door with a lattice. On the other wall I applied plastic putty, except the space of the his door.
I made with foam board an arched structure reinforced inside. I covered it with plastic putty and when it was dried I glued it to the wall and covered again with putty on the boards.
I painted the two walls with a sponge by mixing various tones of red and yellow.
Cubrí las paredes estucadas y la piedra con alkil para proteger la superficie. Después espolvoreé talco y lo limpié de este modo se elimina el brillo del alkil
With plastic putty and foam board and made a stone slab and glued it in its place.
I covered the stucco walls and the slab with plastic varnish to protect the surface. Them, I sprinkled talcum powder and cleaned to eliminate the varnish shine.
I applied a coat of nail polish to the hydraulic tiles.
I placed the door of the cupboard on the wall, its frame, the baseboards and the wooden frieze.
With a glass tulip, two bells from a mobile, and a LED I made a lamp whose battery is hidden inside the arc.
The stove is painted in black with the stains of rusty looking for the apearance of cast iron. (Black and brown acrylic paint with a sponge, wax with bitumen of Judea, and a bit of golden eyes shades)
I made a shelf with popsicle sticks and a wood beautifier, a basket for firewood following a tutorial of Kris Compas, cloths, a tribet...and I added a few more accessories to liven up the scene, a stool with a basket of bread, a side table with a coffee set, a homemade preserves, a scale, a box of pastas, flowers ...
Un abrazo y gracias por estar ahí.
I hope this post will help you to know how to get different texture with simple, easy to find and inexpensive materials.
Hugs and thanks for being there. | <urn:uuid:28b154d4-fb15-4aa8-992c-f8d9f9b38bfb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://pequeneces-maragverdugo.blogspot.com/2014/06/una-cocina-antigua-old-kitchen.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00063-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.910368 | 791 | 1.859375 | 2 |
Building the Organization
Strategic Planning | Goal #1 | Goal #2 | Goal #3 | Goal #4
Strategic Goal #2
Formulate organizational systems, structures, policies, and procedures that emphasize collaboration, inclusion, shared responsibility, civility, and diversity.
- Assess organizational structures and recommend modifications that increase collaboration, communication, and effectiveness.
- Provide systematic professional development and leadership training for the college community to support strategic initiatives.
- Evaluate and modify governance systems in order to improve shared responsibility, inclusion, and cooperation.
- Deploy a model of continuous assessment to measure effectiveness and institutional climate.
- Devise a succession planning process providing a framework for recruiting and retaining faculty and staff who reflect the diversity of the community.
- Improve inter-office and intra-office procedures to streamline enrollment processes.
By 2019, RCC will implement a framework for continuous assessment using PACE to achieve a one-level improvement against baseline data in institutional climate, shared responsibility, and esprit d’corps. | <urn:uuid:c086cb1a-d16f-4f82-adee-9a563f473eba> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.sunyrockland.edu/about/strategic-planning/building-the-organization | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00227-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.890755 | 212 | 1.523438 | 2 |
According to the Globe Wellness Company, wellness is a problem of full physical, psychological, as well as social wellness. The promotion of health and wellness is a goal that needs to be pursued to improve overall lifestyle. Different activities and also scenarios that promote wellness can be encouraged, while various other situations need to be avoided. Health and wellness has a number of reasons, some of which belong to people’ way of living choices as well as others are caused by structural factors. By finding out more concerning these reasons, we can find out about the most effective ways to boost our wellness.
In 1948, the World Health and wellness Company adopted a constitution that acknowledges health as an essential human right. The constitution mentions that “every person is entitled to take pleasure in the highest attainable standard of health despite race, political sentence, or financial status.” Today, many country states have actually embraced this idea as part of their constitutions, making them legally responsible for safeguarding access to top notch health and wellness and also attending to the factors of health. By advertising health and wellness through education, advocacy, and research study, we can develop a much more equitable world. best back pain care
The health and wellness triangle is an additional means to gauge a person’s general well-being. This representation is known as a wellness triangular. It includes 3 sides: physical health and wellness, psychological health and wellness, and social wellness. Each aspect is measured by just how balanced it is. By determining your toughness and also weaknesses, you can work toward boosting them. The next section of the health triangle reviews the importance of maintaining a healthy and balanced equilibrium in each of these areas. If you have an unhealthy body, it is most likely that you will certainly suffer from psychological health issue also.
While some people have a hereditary tendency to specific health problems, many people are able to get rid of these barriers as well as accomplish ideal health. The first sort of health meaning involves a private being able to operate in a way that is typical for their age as well as sex. The second kind entails an individual having the ability to operate within normal restrictions while suffering from an illness or a handicap. Inevitably, health and wellness behaviors are an outcome of a person’s atmosphere, as well as consequently, their way of life choices.
One more sort of health and wellness includes social relationships. For example, psychological health is the ability to accept oneself and also accept and take care of feelings as well as actions. It makes it possible for a private to expand and also find out brand-new skills. Developing these skills helps an individual enhance confidence, awareness, and perception. Social health and wellness focuses on relationships with others and also how a person reacts to them. In short, wellness can be gauged in numerous means. You can assess your very own mental and also social health by finishing the wellness triangular evaluation worksheet. best
Mental health is carefully attached to physical wellness. Mental disease can hamper day-to-day activities, lead to clinical depression, as well as negatively influence your body’s composition and also feature. Therefore, it is necessary to watch psychological and also physical wellness as related aspects of life. This will certainly help you achieve a balance and also preserve excellent mental and also physical health. It is essential to address all aspects of your wellness and stay healthy in both realms. Yet remember that the connection between physical health as well as mental health and wellness is a two-way procedure.
The word health means a wide variety of things to various people. It can mean a selection of things, but the most standard interpretation is being free of condition. That would certainly make health and wellness promotion a goal to remove or decrease the incidence of conditions. In addition to illness, the term health and wellness refers to an individual’s capability to operate typically, such as the capability to deal with daily stress and anxieties. Normal exercise, healthy and balanced food, as well as various other factors all contribute to a person’s capability to flourish.
The meaning of “total wellness” leaves out individuals with persistent disease, including diabetes mellitus and also heart problem. However, there are six hundred and also seventeen million individuals over the age of 65 in the world. Changing the interpretation of disease produces further harshness between the real experience of living a lengthy and also healthy life as well as the requirement of health and wellness that society specifies as “total wellness”.
The World Health Organization specifies health as the full physical, psychological, as well as social health of a person. While the WHO interpretation is broad and also basic, it is still insufficient. People with diabetics issues have to take drug to control their condition, while people with neck and back pain need physiotherapy to handle their condition. Neither of these are interpretations of “total health”! They remain in truth suffering from persistent diseases, albeit one with a low number of signs and symptoms.
Along with the subjective facets of wellness, doctors need to additionally think about a person’s feelings, just how it impacts their life, and also how to eliminate it. The medical profession can proclaim an individual “healthy and balanced” if it meets certain requirements. It is necessary to acknowledge that the medical version of wellness is not universal, and it can lead to the discovery of brand-new diseases. As a result, the definition of health and wellness may not be applicable to people’s understandings of their physical or mood.
The health care landscape is an intricate web of companies that supply health services. This landscape includes pharmaceutical business, medical facilities, physicians, medical insurance companies, and also a host of other entities that may supply health care solutions. This system is so large that it has become conscripted by numerous, and also most of them thin down the quality of medical care. Additionally, intermediaries have taken control of the market, reducing the top quality of services. For this reason, the interpretation of “health care” is increasingly more comprehensive. best chiropractic Kelowna
Besides the physical health and wellness of a specific, social and also ecological elements affect an individual’s quality of life. As a matter of fact, health is the core of joy. Correct nutrition as well as exercise enhances an individual’s physical, mental, as well as social well-being. If one is not nourished properly, they are prone to condition, especially aging, as well as are likely to establish particular mental problems. For this reason, good nourishment is essential for a healthy and balanced way of life. | <urn:uuid:25906df0-1160-4388-9ffb-d9e6ed22f59e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.gatlinburg-real-estate-for-sale.com/2022/07/24/now-is-the-time-for-you-to-know-the-reality-about-wellness/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.973936 | 1,346 | 2.734375 | 3 |
B12 deficiency has been found to be common amongst those suffering from MS. Previously, B12 deficiency was not recognized in MS patients, and as such, treatment with B12 was not considered. However, recent tests have shown that the symptoms of MS patients treated with B12 injections did not have deterioration of their condition. This was a positive sign in a disease that almost always gets worse.
I hope that this was a bit helpful for you.
Peace and Blessings | <urn:uuid:0db15a44-a4dd-42fc-ba89-11e62d750dc2> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://forum.wehavelupus.com/showthread.php?8356-B-12&p=70682 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719566.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00262-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.988148 | 95 | 1.757813 | 2 |
A few years ago, a Jewish women’s theater group from Pittsburgh performed a short piece at the Jewish Orthodox Feminist Alliance’s fourth International Conference on Feminism and Orthodoxy in New York. Called “Dancing With the Torah,” it was about a girl who is banned from the men’s side of the synagogue on the holiday of Simchat Torah when she turns 12. Prior to her bat mitzvah, she rejects the role of passive onlooker, instead singing, dancing and basking in the holiday’s intoxicating glory.
The piece — which was performed by Kol Isha, a group devoted to issues of womanhood within the Jewish community –– could have been a metaphor for the life of one woman: Amy Gordon Guterson, co-founder and artistic director of Kol Isha (which, in Hebrew, translates as both “a woman’s voice” and “every woman”). Ten years ago this month, Guterson herself emerged from behind a barrier of sorts, when she made the decision to form an all-women’s Jewish ensemble. The goal was to attract Jewish women of all ages, backgrounds, sexual orientations and, most importantly, religious affiliations — the group agreed that certain performances had to be for all-female audiences, respecting stricter standards of those members who wouldn’t perform for men — and the subject matter always would address issues pertaining to women’s identity and Jewish unity.
“Women have a way to heal the world more so than men,” Guterson noted. “We don’t let division get in the way because we’re building something together.”
Seventeen years ago, Guterson graduated from Yeshiva University’s Stern College for Women with its first theater degree. Guterson, who was raised in a Modern Orthodox home, dreamed of embracing a career usually off-limits to observant girls. She didn’t want to be merely an observer, sitting in the audience and watching others create theater. She wanted to both direct and act, to be behind the scenes as well as on the other side of the curtain — the side deemed inappropriate for a young Orthodox woman.
But between performances on the Sabbath and the objectionable content, Guterson decided that it was “fairly impossible to have a career in theater as an observant girl.” There seemed to be a clear choice: religion or theater.
At first she chose theater, but she found that she missed a life infused with religion and spirituality. Leaving the New York theater world behind, Guterson got married and eventually settled in Pittsburgh’s Jewish neighborhood, Squirrel Hill, home to Jews of all religious affiliations — Reform, Conservative, Modern Orthodox and Lubavitch.
It was her husband’s idea to form a Jewish theater group for women after the couple’s second child was born. Guterson had a chance encounter with Barb Feige, an Actor’s Equity professional and stage manager in Pittsburgh, and the two women formed Kol Isha. In their first play, in 1996, titled “An Invisible Thread,” each member shared her personal life story through a series of vignettes, performed at Squirrel Hill’s Jewish Community Center. Guterson wrote the ensemble’s second play, “Journey Through Ruth” (also performed at the center), in which modern women on a tour of Israel meet the biblical figures of Ruth and Naomi, portrayed as powerful women with eternal struggles. Their next play was performed at Pittsburgh’s City Theatre in conjunction with City’s production of “The Chosen.” Called “The Choosing,” it’s about a woman “struggling to find her way inside her home, community and world.” “Hanukkah Lights” was next, performed at the Squirrel Hill center, where members found stories featuring female heroines. Next, “Spirits of Valor,” presented at the Jewish Community Center of Greater Pittsburgh, portrayed five female subjects in celebration of Jewish Women’s History Month: Bella Abzug, Barbara Meyerhoff, Molly Picon, Emma Lazarus and Gluckel of Hameln.
The group also has presented workshops combined with small performances. These productions have taken place at such venues as JOFA and Pittsburgh’s Congregation Beth Shalom, and they explore various themes, including “Finding Your Jewish Story” and “Stereotypes of Jewish Women in the Media.”
“People are scared of limitations,” Guterson explained, noting the irony. “I found that ‘limitations’ pushed me to grow creatively and open myself up to a new identity.”
Kol Isha is currently working on a play based on the members’ grandmothers’ stories, which the group plans to perform this coming winter. Guterson grew up inspired by a story that her grandmother used to relate about a young girl who saves her family during the Depression. While working on the current play, Guterson decided to develop her story into a short film, called “Becoming Rachel,” which premiered in April at the Pittsburgh Jewish Israeli Film Festival.
By weaving together stories from a diverse web of female voices, differences and similarities emerge, as well as a sense that theater and religion may complement each other well.
Sara Trappler Spielman is a freelance writer living in New York City. | <urn:uuid:d5b381fd-4154-4182-865d-104a6ba62c44> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://forward.com/culture/2609/a-theater-troupe-of-one-e2-80-99s-own/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00138-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.95966 | 1,145 | 1.9375 | 2 |
IOM supports Mexico in the economic recovery of migrant workers
The working population in Mexico has been strongly affected by the economic situation generated by COVID-19. The Mexican Social Security Institute reported that, by the end of May, 838.272 jobs had disappeared, 340.000 of them in just one month. Migrant workers have not been exempted, and the situation has been particularly hard on those working in commerce and domestic work, two sectors heavily affected by the physical distancing measures.
In light of this, the International Organization for Migration (IOM), in collaboration with the International Labor Organization (ILO) and the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), has proposed to develop a series of 3 online sessions (webinar) to address the issue of economic recovery after a labor migration emergency/crisis.
The first session, "Good practices in local management in crisis situations" was held on 12 June and was aimed at the public sector. On June 30, the second session was held, aimed at the private sector and called "The role of the private sector: policies for entrepreneurship, integration and reintegration". The third session will be held on 15 July and will address the importance of inter-institutional articulation in the response to a crisis.
"These sessions have sought to support institutions in making decisions and defining actions regarding mechanisms that meet the needs of migrants in the recovery from the crisis, in the short and long term," noted Laura , Coordinator of IOM's Regional Program on Migration: Mesoamerica- the Caribbean in Mexico.
The program conducts these efforts with support of the U.S. Department of State Bureau of Population, Refugees and Migration (PRM). You can contact Laura at email@example.com for more information. | <urn:uuid:59820db0-8d42-4ad7-ad25-0c7883e313c4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://programamesoamerica.iom.int/en/news/iom-supports-mexico-economic-recovery-migrant-workers | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.956639 | 361 | 1.789063 | 2 |
Paula Lydon (Paula Lydon) wrote:
Do you every train to move when you perceive uke's intention toward you (attack)in the subtlest forms?
Mr. Tisdale has already summed it up pretty well, only difference is that in the dojo where I train (=Aikikai) we go about it in a slightly less formal way than the Yoshinkan people.
paul watt (paw) wrote:
If one person knows the other person will launch a physical attack in a specified manner, they can begin their response as early as they like and then explain it away as "the attacker was begining to attack" or "the attacker had the intention to attack", couldn't they?
They won't be able to keep up appearances during jiyuwaza/randori though.
Besides, starting a certain technique even before an attack is initiated never works, unless uke is willing to play along. Where is the martial art in that?
(edit: Hm, I must learn to write faster | <urn:uuid:14df0757-3b26-42f1-9f68-c05ef271e660> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.aikiweb.com/forums/showpost.php?p=37795&postcount=5 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00382-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.976212 | 221 | 2 | 2 |
Følgende er et utdrag fra et intervju med Dr. Jamal Al-Din Ibrahim, en selvutnevnt professor i toksikologi ved California University, som ble vist på Al-Rahman/Al-Rawdha, den 2. desember 2010:
Så latterlig som det kan høres ut ordene til disse to personene, tar de seg selv svært alvorlig. De betrakter de vestlige som uvitende og mindreverdige, og de er fast bestemt å spre til alle mennesker deres Kuranisk vitenskapen.
Interviewer: As you know, the West wants to shift the woman away from her purity, her chastity, and the holiness that Islam bestows upon her, to Western life, to lesbianism, to “How come women can’t have multiple husbands?”, to “Why can’t a woman enjoy sexual liberty before she get married?”, to “Why can’t there be a focus on women, like in the West – so that women can be with women, without needing men, and men can be with men, without needing women?” These are very dangerous issues. Does science have anything to say about them?
Jamal Al-Din Ibrahim: Regarding the question of the woman, even American society admits that women in America have lesser rights. Let me give you a clear example: When a woman gets married, she adopts her husband’s surname, and gives up her maiden name. If she marries so-and-so, she becomes Mrs. So-And-So. She is attributed to him. Before the scientific revolution, and before there were machines, the woman would be a slave to her husband. She had no rights whatsoever. This was less than 250 years ago.
The situation developed when women were needed to help the men in modern life. Consequently, women progressed in many aspects, but not with regard to the need to give up their maiden names.
Secondly, women in America are exploited as merchandise. Women are viewed as merchandise. If a woman is pretty, she has a certain price and status in society. Even at university, the professor will give a beautiful girl better grades than a plain one. In ads, a girl with a nicer body will fetch a higher price.
When I was a student at university, in 1975-1977, they conducted a survey which showed that the female American student, who spends, an average, four years at university, has sexual intercourse with 200-300 guys during these four years.
When a woman has sex with more than one man, it causes her a medical problem, because it weakens her immune system.
Interviewer: How exactly?
Jamal Al-Din Ibrahim: When a woman has sex with more than one man… When she has sex with the first man, her body tries to determine the identity of the man’s sperm.
Interviewer: Before the show, you explained the process of identification to me.
Jamal Al-Din Ibrahim: Yes, there is a process of identification, and the sperm is registered in her body. It is like when a person enters somebody’s home, he is identified, and something like an identity card is prepared… This man now has a special place. This process is conducted by the immune system. It is like when a man works for a certain company, the company makes a great effort to get to know who the person is, and to place him in the right post. After a while, the woman’s body easily identifies that man’s sperm, which has become part of the woman. Along comes another man and has sex with her. Now the immune system must go over the entire process again.
Interviewer: The immune system undergoes much effort in the identification of the new guy.
Jamal Al-Din Ibrahim: It is even more difficult when there are two men at the same time. These girls do that. They have one, two, or three lovers, plus a boyfriend. He may not even be a close friend, but she still has sex with him. This wears out the immune system.
Interviewer: From having to conduct too many identification processes…
Jamal Al-Din Ibrahim: It is busy with identification all the time as a result of all these sexual encounters. When the woman reaches her thirties or forties, after 15 years of [sex], she begins to develop breast cancer and uterine cancer, which are very common in America.
Interviewer: What is the reason for this?
Jamal Al-Din Ibrahim: The sexual contacts cause the woman’s immune system to crash or to weaken.
Someone who eats pork can work hard, but cannot think. His thinking is impaired, because his stomach invests a great effort in breaking up such complex molecules.
It was discovered that pork eating weakens a person’s ability to think, as well as his ability to take pride in himself. It abolishes his zeal.
Interviewer: Is that a fact?
Jamal Al-Din Ibrahim: It’s true.
Interviewer: A pork eater has no patriotism?
Jamal Al-Din Ibrahim: This has been scientifically established. It lowers the body’s level of serotonin, which generates activity and increases one’s pride, and maybe even enhances one’s happiness. When this hormone is secreted in the body, the person becomes happy, but pork reduces the level of serotonin. A pork-eater can put his muscles to work, but not his brain.
Several doctors have achieved excellent results in treating impotence by having their patients grow their beards long.
Interviewer: Allah be praised!
Jamal Al-Din Ibrahim: Beard-growing encourages the production of testosterone. When people who suffer from impotence and cannot get an erection grow beards, the level of [testosterone] rises… They measured it in micrograms, and found that the testosterone level rises among men who grow beards.
Interviewer: Allah be praised!
Al-Rahma TV (Egypt) – Duration: 07:50 – December 2, 2010 | <urn:uuid:9ec884ca-a053-49b3-b26f-20ea62aeb84b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mergueze.info/endelig-en-muslimsk-professor-som-vil-raskt-motta-nobelprisen-i-medisin/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.953238 | 1,342 | 2.3125 | 2 |
Naval Air Warfare Center Trenton was the former site of United States Navy facility in the West Trenton section of Ewing Township, New Jersey, just outside the city of Trenton. Opened during the final year of the Korean War in 1953, the center encompassed 528 acres on Parkway Avenue in Ewing, directly adjacent to the Trenton–Mercer Airport.
It was used as a jet engine test facility for the US Navy until its closure per recommendations of the 1993 Base Closure and Realignment Commission (BRAC). Nearly 700 civilian positions were lost, most of which were relocated to other facilities in Maryland and Tennessee. The base's Marine operations were transferred to Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst.
The links below will take you multiple resources that speak to the history and mission of NAPC in greater detail:
The Ex-NAPC Group
A site for former employees of NAPC (also maybe referred to as NATTS/NAPTC/NAWCAD-TRN).
This Group is managed by former employees of the Naval Air Propulsion Center. If you were in any way connected with NAPC, either as a civilian, military or contractor, consider joining this group. To keep up- to-date on NAPC activities and events, this group is your primary means of communication. This is a closed list; only members can send or view messages.
Please note that the group moderator(s) cannot add or modify your email address. You have full control over joining, leaving or changing your account information.
The Southeastern Pennsylvania Cold War Historical Society has periodically received requests to archive photos of the people, programs and events from the Naval Air Propulsion Center (NAPC), Trenton, NJ.
Feel free to peruse our photo collection—and we’d love YOUR help in providing comments and identifiers for the photos. If you click on an image, a form appears for providing your name and comments. The information will be reviewed and posted for future viewing on our website.
This is a way for YOU to participate in historical preservation work with our organization! | <urn:uuid:0a1b6973-164e-402a-a4e2-11e231defc76> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://coldwarhistory.org/projects/naval-air-propulsion-center | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.955362 | 440 | 1.984375 | 2 |
Jack Pinchwife directs his wife, Margery Pinchwife, to finish her letter to Harry Horner as she had intended. The letter currently breaks off in mid-sentence: “You must make haste and help me away before tomorrow, or else I shall be for ever out of your reach, for I can no longer defer our—.” Pinchwife now demands that Margery complete the sentence, which she does, slyly: “For I can no longer defer our—wedding. Your slighted Alethea.” Margery claims that she has written the entire letter under orders from her sister-in-law, Alethea Pinchwife, who allegedly did not want to compose a love-letter to Horner in her own handwriting. Pinchwife, recalling Horner’s evident disappointment on hearing of Alethea’s engagement to Mr. Sparkish, finds this story credible.
Pinchwife resolves to speak with Alethea concerning her relations with Horner and whether her earlier wedding to Sparkish was valid. Margery exits, ostensibly to summon Alethea but really to confer with Lucy about “what lie I shall tell next.” Alone, Pinchwife reflects that by marrying Alethea to Horner he would safeguard his own marriage, since Horner would not wish to seduce a woman to whom he is related by marriage. Margery returns to say that Alethea is too ashamed to face Pinchwife and that Horner has proposed marriage to her. Pinchwife is pleased by this news. Margery then reports that Alethea wishes to go to Horner’s lodging to discuss the matter with him, but she wishes to wear a mask in order not to have to face Pinchwife.
Pinchwife agrees to the conditions, and Margery exits, only to return momentarily in a mask and some clothes of Alethea’s. With the candle put out per Alethea’s ostensible request, Margery manages to play both herself (as Pinchwife locks her, so he thinks, into her chamber) and Alethea (as she departs with Pinchwife for Horner’s lodging).
In Horner’s lodging. Horner and The Quack discuss Margery, whom Horner calls “a silly innocent.” Soon Pinchwife enters with the disguised Margery, whom Horner and The Quack immediately recognize. After some byplay in which Horner insults Pinchwife, Margery whispers to Horner that she must speak with him in private. Pinchwife then exits to fetch a parson who will marry Horner and Alethea.
The Boy announces the arrival of Sir Jasper Fidget, and Horner directs Margery to conceal herself in the next room. Sir Jasper enters to inform Horner that “my lady and the whole knot of the virtuous gang, as they call themselves, are resolved upon a frolic of coming to you tonight in a masquerade, and are all dressed already.” Horner affects to dislike the idea but soon agrees to it.
In the Piazza of Covent Garden, Sparkish reacts to the news that Alethea has written to Horner and intends to marry him, her marriage with Sparkish being invalid. Pinchwife suggests that Frank Harcourt, as “Ned” the parson, fooled Sparkish into entering a sham marriage; urging Sparkish to go to Horner’s lodging and see for himself, he exits. Sparkish is planning all the nasty things he will say to Alethea when Alethea herself enters the Piazza with Lucy in tow.
Alethea is incredulous as Sparkish accuses her of being unfaithful to him, making reference to a letter that Alethea was not even aware existed. The triumphant Lucy whispers, “D’y’ think the gentleman can be jealous now, madam?” When Sparkish declares his intention of “not marrying you,” Alethea says in an aside, “I can consent to’t, since I see this gentleman can be made jealous.” Sparkish then reveals that Alethea’s only attraction for him was her fortune and that otherwise “I never had any passion for you—till now, for now I hate you.” After further obnoxious remarks, he departs, leaving Alethea to exclaim, “How deceived I was in a man!”
Margery has made remarkable progress in trickery and is now almost out-Hornering Horner with her outlandish ruses. Lucy, of course, is the real mastermind, but it is significant for Margery’s characterization that the girl who began the play so innocent that she needed a definition of the word “jealousy” now wonders to herself “what lie I shall tell next.” This “silly innocent,” as Horner calls her, has evidently assimilated some of the guile of the town. Importantly, however, her motive in dissembling is always the straightforward one of desire, and in her case desire is naturally attended by affection. She is unlike Horner in that she is never mercenary or exploitative; she is equally unlike Lady Fidget in that her duplicity is never of that particularly odious sort known as hypocrisy.
In addition to Lucy, Margery’s own husband deserves some of the (dubious) credit for her new aptitude in deceit. In the episode of Pinchwife’s conveying Margery to Horner’s lodging, Wycherley supplies a brilliant dramatic symbol: having taught Margery how to write deceitful letters (how to “shift” in the town), the jealous husband now literally leads his wife to an assignation with her lover. The deceitfulness of the women in the play is a natural result of the neglect and cruelty of the men; as P. F. Vernon says, Margery’s progress in duplicity “demonstrates exactly how craft grows in response to tyranny,” and Pinchwife facilitates the connection precisely through the measures he takes to prevent it.
However deserved Pinchwife’s cuckolding may be, nevertheless Margery’s eagerness to fly to Horner must inspire ambivalent feelings in the alert reader. As David Cook and John Swannell observe, “We are willing to feel that Margery deserves an interlude with the rakish Horner, but there is a touch of pathos in her mistaking him for the prince of her girlish dreams.” Although Horner does show some insight and appreciation when he remarks to The Quack upon the “original[ity]” of Margery’s first letter to him, he certainly does not reciprocate her apparent readiness to form a strong emotional attachment; indeed, he resembles Pinchwife in this respect, that sexual bonds, rather than emotional ones, are all he seeks from women.
As Margery and Horner come together, Alethea and Sparkish fall apart. Lucy, the all-wise, gets to declare victory in Scene 3, having previously cast doubt on Alethea’s sense of Sparkish’s virtues. Lucy has indeed been largely right about Sparkish, of course, but she is actually wrong to attribute his anger to jealousy: it consists instead of rage over the injury to his vanity and indignation at Alethea’s supposedly betraying, and thereby humiliating, “a gentleman of wit and pleasure about the town.” Sparkish has now assumed the role he has so long feared, that of the foolish gentleman whom the poet caricatures in plays.
The readiness with which he accepts the notion of his fiancée’s guilt is startling—he does not even pause to inquire into the accusation against her. Logically, however, he has no reason not to believe the accusation (despite the fact that Pinchwife’s evidence is purely circumstantial), for the simple reason that he has never paid enough attention to Alethea to notice her integrity and her devotion to honor. He repudiates her savagely, belying his earlier claim that, “as we [wits] have no affections, so we have no malice”: on the contrary, though Sparkish is indeed devoid of affection, he is potent in malice when his precious ego is on the line. Hence his indignation: “But who would have thought a woman”—any woman; Alethea in her particularity is irrelevant here— “could have been false to me?” Everything, then, is about “me”; even as a spurned lover, Sparkish manages to be entirely self-centered. As Cook and Swannell point out, Sparkish is deeply invested in a libertine code of display and self-assertion that, taken to an extreme, precludes all meaningful human contact. | <urn:uuid:40fb2e99-d728-4d99-be86-e8e3fa6d5ba7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.gradesaver.com/the-country-wife/study-guide/summary-act-v-scenes-1-3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00036-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967198 | 1,889 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Trey Turner and Mark Damery, !%REO%!
Advances in production make aspheres more readily available and usable at shorter wavelengths, but the methodology is distinctly different from that of spherical optics. It is vital to understand the cost impact of various specifications — and to communicate top priorities. An experienced asphere manufacturer can propose minor changes to reduce cost significantly while still delivering target performance or better.
Aspheres give the designer a powerful tool that can help reduce the total number of components in a system by decreasing the optical aberrations contributed by each lens surface. For this reason, they are often found in applications that demand that the physical weight and size of the system be minimized, but that still require a high level of optical performance.
Definition of the aspheric surface variables: r = radial distance from the vertex; z = sag height. Courtesy of REO Inc.
However, although aspheres can make the designer's task easier, they are generally more difficult to fabricate than spherical surfaces and, hence, more costly. Understanding how single-point diamond-turned aspheric lenses for infrared and visible uses are fabricated and tested can help the purchaser properly specify aspheres and avoid creating requirements that drive up cost unnecessarily.
Specifying, fabricating aspheres
The shape of a spherical surface can be specified with a single number: the radius of curvature. In contrast, rotationally symmetric aspheric surfaces are most typically specified using a limited form of the general aspheric equation (Equation 1).
Equation 1. z = sag height; r = radial distance from the vertex; c = base curvature (1/base radius); K = conic constant (0 = sphere, —1 = parabola, ≤1 = hyperbola); A, B, C & D = aspheric coefficients.
This equation may appear in slightly different forms, depending upon the exact sign convention used, so the designer should perform a reality check with the lens manufacturer to ensure that there are no misunderstandings. It is better to have the customer specifically state whether the curve is convex or concave, rather than simply rely on the sign of the curvature term in the equation to indicate shape. The designer should also provide a table of sag heights as a function of radial distance for the curve. This is useful because sag height is the quantity that is most easily measured directly during component fabrication.
Manufacturing tolerances for spherical surfaces are usually stated as power and irregularity values. Power is the amount that the average base radius of curvature deviates from the desired value, and irregularity is how much the part departs from its ideal shape (for example, a perfect sphere). Similarly, aspheres are specified with a tolerance on the base radius (analogous to power), plus a tolerance for sag deviation (equivalent to irregularity). The radius tolerance usually is given as a percentage, with ±0.1 percent being a typical value. A given percentage tolerance on radius becomes progressively more difficult to achieve as the absolute value of the radius gets smaller. As with irregularity, sag deviation is usually stated in (peak to valley) fringes, with a value of 0.5 fringes being typical.
High-precision aspheric lenses for infrared and, in some cases, even visible applications are often fabricated using single-point diamond-turning technology. However, to minimize time, the process often starts with production of a spherical surface that most closely matches the desired asphere. This is accomplished using the same type of generating equipment used for traditional spherical optics fabrication.
Single-point diamond turning of aspheric components is performed one part at a time on a lathe.
To produce the aspheric profile, single-point diamond turning is performed on a lathe configured very much like that used for machining metal parts, albeit built to achieve much higher precision. The cutting tools themselves are gem-quality diamonds. The addition of multiaxis tool motion synchronized with spindle rotation also enables the production of nonrotationally symmetric surfaces such as toroids and off-axis parabolas.
The initial setup for diamond turning involves centering the part on the spindle and setting several process variables, such as tool angle, tool location, depth of cut, feed rate, position of the coolant, and even the ambient temperature and humidity in the room. This process is time-consuming and thus costly. However, once the equipment is properly configured, it is possible to produce many parts without having to make major adjustments. As a result, diamond turning is most cost-effective when used with medium- to high-production volumes.
The use of diamond turning also opens up the possibility of directly producing a diffraction grating profile on the surface of an optic. This can be a particularly powerful tool for the designer, enabling the correction of various wavefront errors as well as making it possible to achromatize an element using only a single material.
However, just as in the case of aspheric surfaces themselves, there is no universal standard on how diffractive surfaces are mathematically described. Thus, it is important to communicate all the relevant parameters of the grating to the manufacturer. These include the diffractive coefficients, the refractive index of the materials preceding and following the grating surface, the diffractive order, the profile direction and the number of zones required.
Fabrication cost factors
The single-point diamond-turning fabrication technology used to produce aspheres has certain distinct characteristics, advantages and limitations. Understanding these can help the buyer to obtain components that perform well, yet still minimize costs.
Single-point diamond turning can be used on a variety of materials and can produce features such as through holes, mounting flanges and even grating profiles.
Of these factors, one of the most important is the different cutting characteristics of various commonly used materials. For example, silicon is difficult to machine and wears cutting tools very rapidly. A tool might cut literally just a few silicon parts before it must be changed out or sharpened, which requires time and therefore incurs cost. CaF2 also wears tools rapidly and typically might yield a dozen or so parts before replacement. In contrast, ZnS and ZnSe are easier to machine, and it's not uncommon to produce two to three times as many parts of the same size with a single tool. Germanium is perhaps the material for the infrared that is softest and easiest to machine; processing hundreds of parts might be possible before tool replacement is required.
Diamond turning generally produces a rougher surface finish than traditional polishing techniques, so it is most commonly employed for infrared optics where a given roughness has less of a performance impact. However, roughness is still an important consideration and is usually specified for diamond-turned parts. But, oddly enough, the tool wear characteristics of materials do not correlate with the level of surface roughness that can be routinely achieved with them. Specifically, for diamond-turned CaF2 parts, a surface roughness in the 50-Å range is typically achieved, while ZnS and ZnSe can be routinely machined to the 40-Å level. Silicon wears tools rapidly but cuts cleanly, and a 15-Å surface roughness value is possible with this material. Germanium is again a standout here, and surface roughnesses as low as 10 Å can be achieved on it. Specifying surface roughness values significantly lower than those enumerated here is likely to drive up production costs substantially.
For all materials, aspect ratio (diameter:thickness ratio) is another important consideration. Components with a high aspect ratio are particularly difficult to produce and tend to have some edge roll-off (an area where the actual shape departs from the desired curve). Typically, the clear aperture (the diameter over which specified tolerances and performance must be maintained) for diamond-turned optics is 90 percent of the part diameter. Specifying a larger clear aperture than this on a component with a relatively high aspect ratio would drive production costs up. In other words, if the shape of the part must be held near to the edge, it's better to make the part thicker.
One advantage of diamond turning is that accommodating features such as through holes or mounting flanges while the part is being turned is fairly easy. However, the production of center holes in particular can drive up fabrication costs because it eliminates the curve vertex that is often used as the reference point for subsequent measurements of surface profile.
Because of their shapes, aspheric surfaces typically cannot be measured using exactly the same techniques employed with spherical surfaces. The simplest and least expensive method for gauging aspheric surface shape is with the use of a contact profilometer. These instruments operate by drawing a small stylus over the surface and measuring its up-and-down movement. Each individual measurement is performed along only a single line, so measurements at multiple different azimuthal angles may sometimes be required to build up a three-dimensional picture of part shape.
Laser interferometers, which are used almost universally for testing spherical optics to very high degrees of precision, also can be adapted for measuring aspheres, usually with the addition of correction optics (called null optics) that suitably modify the wavefront. This is typically accomplished with a computer-generated hologram (CGH) specifically designed to make the necessary wavefront corrections for the particular asphere under test.
The drawback of this approach is cost: A CGH might cost $10,000 or more and is useful for testing only one specific aspheric profile. However, interferometric measurements with a CGH provide a map of the entire surface, not just along a single line or lines, and can typically be performed more rapidly than surface profilometry (once initial interferometer setup is complete). Thus, interferometric testing may be a more economical alternative for high-volume production.
Interferometric testing is sometimes virtually a necessity with certain types of parts. For example, high-aspect-ratio parts will often exhibit some astigmatism after they are removed from the chuck. While this can be identified by using a sufficient number of line measurements with surface profilometry, it is far more readily characterized by interferometric testing with a CGH. Similarly, aspheric profiles that depart substantially from a sphere, or those that do not have rotational symmetry, are more easily measured with interferometry.
Optical profilometers enable accurate characterization of surface roughness but operate over only a small field of view.
As mentioned previously, surface roughness tends to be a more significant issue with aspheric surfaces and must be measured in any quality control/quality assurance protocol for aspheres. Larger values for surface roughness (100 Å and above) can be measured with a stylus profilometer, but accurately characterizing surfaces below this level is generally accomplished using an optical profilometer. These are microscope-based instruments that deliver extremely accurate measurements. However, they capture only a small field of view at one time, so it's generally not possible to measure the entire surface of an optic. Therefore, the purchaser should designate the microscope magnification at which measurements are to be performed as well as the number and location of the sampling points. For example, "measure at 10x at three points (center, middle and edge) on each part."
Optical profilometers have a limited depth of focus, which can make it difficult to properly visualize the entire field of view when looking at particularly steep parts, such as off-axis parabolas. In this case, special fixturing might be required to precision-tilt the part so that proper focus can be obtained across the entire field of view, and this incurs additional cost.
Meet the authors
Trey Turner is chief technology officer at REO; e-mail: treyt@reoinc. com. Mark Damery is REO's vice president and general manager of worldwide sales; e-mail: email@example.com. | <urn:uuid:7ac6eec9-2145-42a3-95bd-74a705201754> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.photonics.com/Article.aspx?AID=48974 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721278.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00149-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.931866 | 2,488 | 3.140625 | 3 |
28.12.2016 32 °C
Christmas in Arua is different to a picture perfect Christmas scene.
Leaves change colour and fall from some of the trees as though it were autumn, but it is dry season, so instead it is sunny and hot. The land is turning a dusty yellow colour as the plants suffer without rain.
Just before Christmas, I was listening to the local radio station, Arua 1 in the car as the presenters were warning parents to keep a look-out for their children. They were telling parents that many children get lost during the Christmas period as they are left on their own for hours or even days. They are at risk of being defiled, robbed or even killed. The Christmas period is known as a risky time for robberies, people stealing because they also want to enjoy their Christmas period by eating meat or buying new clothes. The Lifestitches manager, Charles, was woken up at 3am last week because his goats and pigs were stolen. He took his dogs and chased the thieves until he was able to recover the animals. Obviously, he came in late for work in the morning.
A crazy WhatsApp message featuring a naked beheaded woman lying on the ground warns people to be careful who they mix with over Christmas. The lady had supposedly been hanging out with her boyfriend who turned out to be a witchdoctor. Weird, and very different to the cute Christmas messages we are used to seeing on adverts and TV.
Frustratingly, people here also have an expectation of being given something at Christmas and ‘Give me my Christmas’ is a phrase I despair to hear. On Christmas Eve at 8am, a charcoal seller called Rose knocked very persistently and loudly at the gate wanting some money for her Christmas because ‘madam Emma is my customer’.
Being out here, we miss the beauty of the town Christmas lights, the diversity of foods, or the cosiness of having a hot chocolate in a café when it is dark and cold outside. It is lovely to be share the festive season with friends and family and enjoy special places like winter wonderland in Princes Street Gardens, Edinburgh.
But, we don’t miss the pressure and expectation of the season in the UK where it feels like a commercial frenzy. Christmas is synonymous with frenetic shoppers, hectic shops and the pressure to have a ‘magical Christmas’ where the food, the setting and occasion needs to be perfect. It is a highly stressful time and hard to find a sense of ‘peace on earth’.
There is an intensity to the heat, dust and chaos of Christmas here too, but I am sure it is much closer to what the real Christmas story would have been like in the Middle East.
Christmas in Arua is different because it is simple.
We appreciate this as it helps us to concentrate on the true meaning of Christmas. It also helps us teach our children that truth without all the consumerist distractions. We are thankful for the slower pace of this time to be able to have more time to spend with friends. The highlight of the season and the year for ex-pats in Arua is the Christmas carol singing on the compound of a Catholic radio station, Radio Pacis on Christmas Eve and then digging into 25 flavours of ice cream organised and made by Sherry, the American director.
Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace, good will toward all... | <urn:uuid:0a85cf6a-a7e8-4648-ba92-6e4088b55d8b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://africraigs.travellerspoint.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00202-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.976188 | 713 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Channel: Feiz Mohammad
© No part of this transcript may be copied or referenced or transmitted in any way whatsoever. Transcripts are auto-generated and thus will be be inaccurate. We are working on a system to allow volunteers to edit transcripts in a controlled system.
Is there a reason why the gene possess human beings? Is there a reason Yes, there are reasons lack of faith, you might disturb a gene accidentally and it can happen. Ah you might walk around the house is fully naked
and a GMO the soil and opposition
you might not enter the house or exit the house and people do it. You want to enter the house or exit the house or eight or enter the toilet or lay the toilet without any resemblance.
Now Bismillah now the builder nothing the general position. So you open the doors for him You can open the doors or close the doors. And as we said the way you close the doors for him is by guiding you sofas Decker
ma with attain the free calls that is
saying Bismillah always saying so panel Lord hamdulillah lo egg but not in circles. But in you know before you do things whenever you want to finish things whenever you want to eat before you consume it with your wife. And it's a very important time because you know, we always say Bismillah before you consummate because the shaitan could affect the child in the future by the will of Allah. So we're commanded and warned about this. That whenever you consummate before you come to the door and you say Bismillah
Absolutely you are allowed to do the job. Why did they not mention proof for it? Can you remind me of the proof I mentioned.
You are allowed where's the proof I mentioned in waspy | <urn:uuid:3110d2f0-4453-4bc7-9a35-2d9178eee3b7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://muslimcentral.com/feiz-mohammad-tafseer-al-falaq-10/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.931866 | 386 | 1.5 | 2 |
First Year Performance Paper - Section 2.2.1
2.2.1 Data acquisition software
The DAQ testing software consists of Java-based code interacting with software and firmware running on the DOMs. The Java software runs simultaneously on multiple host computers, which are tied together using Java's Remote Method Invocation. DOM configuration is done using an XML file that defines global run and individual DOM parameters. There are about 50 settable parameters per DOM. Examples of these parameters include the length of the run, high voltage setting, ATWD sampling rate, the number of samples to read out for each ATWD channel, the DOM trigger mode operation, the discriminator set point, flasher-board setting, etc. Standard settings for each DOM are stored in a master database. Each DOM has a unique electronic read-back identifier, which is mapped both to a string number and to a position, as well as to a simple-to-remember name.
Perl-based experiment control scripts run on a special designated computer called a string processor. The string processor communicates with the DOMs using a designated DOMhub computer that can configure each of the DOMs according to XML configuration files. Three data streams are open for each DOM for hit records, monitor records and time calibration records and the data collected for each DOM is written to three corresponding files. The GPS event time is added to each record.
The same software was also used for DAQ at the South Pole during the first year of operation discussed in this paper. After a South Pole run was completed, the data were filtered in a software. The In-Ice filter required 8 DOMs that launched within two microseconds. This reduced the data volume from about 30 GBytes to less than 4 GBytes per day. The reduced data were transmitted to the northern hemisphere for further processing. | <urn:uuid:037d2456-64aa-4c6b-8764-d72319af1b66> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://icecube.wisc.edu/reports/performance/2006/221 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00287-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.930333 | 371 | 2.4375 | 2 |
With all due respect to Larry Ellison: Lana‘i should be owned by the people of the island.
For 130 years, Lana‘i has been a plantation, in name or in form, or what the authors of the 1998 Lana‘i Community Plan have called “an island empire.”
Decades of plantation-style rule have inhibited the self-sufficiency of the island, first by limiting access of small farms to critical resources like water, and then establishing consecutive mono crop economies of ranching, pineapple, and tourism which extracted value from the island. The result: an island which is dependent on the outside for fuel, food, and cash.
Local ownership of Lana‘i provides an opportunity to revamp land use and resource development of the island. Former pineapple and ranching lands should be turned over for farm use. And the tremendous wind resources should be owned by Lana‘i, and sold to others, not the other way around.
Ellison can play an important role in the transaction, by using his cash investment to finance the transfer of lands, over several years, to a community land trust or cooperatively-owned corporation. That would provide ample time for the community to get organized. Those of us on islands neighboring Lana‘i should help as well, by investing in the purchase. But control and decision making should be held by Lana‘i.
My purpose here is to instigate a public conversation about the future of a more self-sufficient, independent Lana‘i. I look forward to hearing what you have to say. | <urn:uuid:8c5b6dfb-d708-4135-93f3-a4fde230a3d6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thehawaiiindependent.com/story/lanai-for-lanai | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.953905 | 325 | 2.15625 | 2 |
As the recent demand for optical interconnections is increased, much attention has been paid to silicon photonics because of the small device footprint and CMOS compatible process. An optical isolator is essential for protecting optical active devices from reflected light even in short-distance transmission systems.
However, the bottleneck of integrated optical isolator lies in difficulty in growing magneto-optical garnet crystals on commonly used optical waveguide platforms such as silicon.
Yuya Shoji and Tetsuya Mizumoto of Tokyo Institute of Technology, approached the problem using a direct bonding technique which realizes direct contact of different materials. The authors have demonstrated the first optical isolator on silicon waveguide platforms.
In this paper published in Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, they describe the direct bonding, design of the waveguide isolator, and recent progress on a silicon isolator with an optical isolation of 30 dB and a four port optical circulator. They also introduce approaches done by other research groups in the paper.
Compared to the state-of-the-art deposition approach, the bonding technique is advantageous because a single-crystalline magneto-optical garnet having a large magneto-optical effect can be used.
Cite This Page: | <urn:uuid:1d026c66-5688-40b0-b7ca-752c0133732a> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/01/140108170517.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719784.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00426-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.894367 | 253 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Our learning management system (LMS) of choice is Microsoft Teams, a simple and engaging online platform that allows teachers to work with students at home. Teams allows easy document sharing and editing, the ability to communicate through the chat function and provide feedback on student work.
The school is a ‘Microsoft Office’ school with staff and student email, Microsoft Teams, Forms, Meetings and a whole host of other Apps at our disposal. Your child can download the Outlook Email, Teams and Word App’s free to any device.
Our teaching staff are all fully trained on online ‘Teams’ teaching and are ready to provide an online education should the situation require. All students have had lessons to guide them in their use of Teams safely and effectively online.
There are handy guides in this section of the website, if you are having any difficulty please email email@example.com or call the school office.
Please ensure you and your child have read, and signed, the Acceptable User Agreement before attending any online lessons. | <urn:uuid:478e6138-c78d-49bc-88e9-8be37fbd5bba> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://holyfamilyhighschool.co.uk/online-learning | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.931879 | 219 | 2 | 2 |
As Kessler (2004) described, male adolescents with dual diagnosis
are those who are most likely to experience externalizing mental disorders.
In subgroup analyses these findings were confirmed for patients with psychiatric disorders only, substance use only, and dual diagnosis
Our study indicated clear, strong associations between using the services of social workers and the variables dual diagnosis
, mental disorder alone, substance use disorder alone, stigma of treatment use, welfare receipt, and coverage of mental health care.
of substance abuse in schizophrenia: prevalence and impact on outcomes.
This study has focused on the illness experiences of a small cohort of gay men living with a dual diagnosis
of HIV/AIDS and cancer and is therefore limited in its applicability.
Prevalence and implications of maladaptive behavior and dual diagnosis
in residential and other service programs.
Tsuang described a study in which he was once involved to illustrate the conundrum and the difficulty in getting a handle on substance abuse in dual diagnosis
The client also meets with the probation officer to begin initial orientation to the Dual Diagnosis
Offender Program goals and expectations.
As a result, fewer individuals with a dual diagnosis
of mental retardation and mental illness go unnoticed.
Individuals with a dual diagnosis
who have a history of drug abuse, alcoholism or eating disorders are cautioned against using certain medications if they can be avoided.
Portsmouth City Council (the ~Authority~) is seeking suitably qualified and experienced providers to tender for the provision of a substance misuse and mental health dual diagnosis
supported living service in and around the Portsmouth area.
Some other issues explored include dual diagnosis
, creating a treatment plan, legal and insurance issues, and damage control. | <urn:uuid:702a22bd-5ac7-4b70-9fe7-b0ab9b902cbc> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/dual+diagnosis | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00170-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926221 | 348 | 2.171875 | 2 |
The National Radio Astronomy Observatory has sites and telescopes around the United States and Chile.
Socorro, New Mexico is the home of our Very Large Array (VLA), where visitors are welcome and encouraged! The VLA includes a visitor center with a theater, science exhibits, a gift shop, and an outdoor self-guided walking tour that takes you right to the base of one of the telescopes!Learn about Visiting the VLA!
The ALMA telescope is located in northern Chile. The telescopes themselves are not open to the public, due to safety reasons at the location at 5000 meters above sea level. Visits to the Operations Support Facility are permitted on weekends and must be registered in advance.Learn about Visiting ALMA!
The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is committed to providing a safe and welcoming environment for our employees, visitors, and guests, and has adopted a Code of Conduct that includes prohibitions against discrimination and harassment of any kind, including sexual harassment.Learn more at https://go.nrao.edu/conduct/ | <urn:uuid:bf29b610-bbba-418a-83f6-273b009b2862> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://public.nrao.edu/visit/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573667.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819100644-20220819130644-00068.warc.gz | en | 0.930468 | 223 | 1.953125 | 2 |
Anti-incumbency has always been strong in this poorly governed and relatively slow-growing state.GDP growth under Akhilesh Yadav has been slower than under Mayawati (see table). A study by the ET Research Bureau some years ago suggested that if GDP growth slows down under a new government, then twothirds of such governments get voted out. This significant, though not infallible, indicator favours the BJP in UP .
Historically , winning elections had little to do with economic development and a lot to do with combining or breaking with sundry castes and votebanks to form a winning coalition -what Congress veteran Digvijaya Singh called `jod-tod\’ (joinbreak). They were also influenced to some extent by local issues such as scams, droughts, social conflicts, subsidies and giveaways. But in the last decade, several CMs have won repeatedly by stressing development that yielded rapid economic growth. Examples are Nitish Kumar in Bihar, Naveen Patnaik in Odisha, Manik Sarkar in Tripura, Shivraj Chouhan in Madhya Pradesh and Raman Singh in Chhattisgarh. These chief ministers also played games with votebanks and freebies, but their victories were based overwhelmingly on policies stoking fast growth.
Why does fast growth matter more now? Because `fast\’ today means more than twice the speed during the bad old days of the Hindu rate of growth, when even the fastest states barely crossed 5%. Economic reforms in 1991 helped accelerate growth, but the immediate beneficiaries were the advanced states, which were best placed to take advantage of the slashing of red tape.
Roads: Pothole Connectors
The poor states, contemptuously called Bimarou -Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Odisha and UP -did not accelerate much in the 1990s.Indeed, Bihar\’s chief minister Lalu Prasad Yadav opposed fast growth, which he thought benefited mainly the upper castes.
He won three elections in a row by ignoring development in favour of caste war, humiliating the upper castes while raising the dignity , status and extralegal clout of the backward castes and Muslims. When asked why Lalu neglected roads, he famously replied, “If I build a road, whose car will run on it, and whose buffalo will the car kill?“ Greater dignity won Lalu three elections. But then voters wanted other things. Nitish Kumar came to power in 2005 promising to end Lalu\’s `jungle raj\’ and restore livelihoods ruined by the goonda-filled slowgrowth era of Lalu. By jailing gangs ters, restoring confidence in economic activity and building roads as never before, Kumar accelerated GDP growth in Bihar to an average of 8% per year. Ignoring the droughthit first year of that term, average growth in the remaining four years was as high as 10.4%.
He won again in 2015, focusing this time on rural electrification. In this term, GDP growth averaged 10.9%, well above the all-India average. This time, he was also aided hugely by an alliance with Lalu and the Congress.
How does this compare with outcomes in the neighbouring state of Uttar Pradesh? In Mayawati\’s first term (2007-12), GDP growth averaged 6.87%. This was far slower than in Nitish\’s Bihar, but nevertheless an improvement on earlier trends. This owed something to record all-India growth as well as her taming of Samajwadi Party goons.
But she never paid the attention to economic development that Nitish did, never achieved the same growth rates, gained a reputation for high corruption, and so was defeated in the 2012 state election.
Akhilesh Yadav is credited with substantial development efforts in Uttar Pradesh in his term, especially in roads and electricity . Yet, the average GDP growth rate in his first four years in office was only 5.96%, below Mayawati\’s average and nowhere near Nitish\’s average.
We do not yet have data for his final year. But the state would have been hit adversely by demonetisation. He can try blaming the BJP for this. But a Times Now poll in the state suggested that 64% of voters thought demonetisation was a correct policy .
What Goes UP Comes Down
Some caution is required in interpreting these statistics. The Central Statistical Organisation (CSO) periodically changes its reference year for growth data taking into account recent changes in economic structure. For a long-time series, one has to go back to the old CSO series with the base year 2004-05. This yields data till 2014-15. A new series based on 2011-12 gives data from 2012-13 onwards.
This column uses the old series until 2014-15 and the new series for 2015-16. This patching may distort the calculations slightly. The new series also yields much less impressive figures for Bihar than the old series.With all these caveats, the statistical picture goes against Akhilesh Yadav. | <urn:uuid:f8b179a5-f818-41f0-b25b-d6f5c6fc1b2d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://swaminomics.org/boom-not-so-boom-cycle/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00467.warc.gz | en | 0.967653 | 1,065 | 2.234375 | 2 |
From selected OHW bulletin board postings by Rick B.
When we bought our 1700s New Hampshire farmhouse, the sellers disclosed thatthe house was "haunted." This seemed odd, but it didn't bother us. Weasked about the "ghost" and were told it is a female ghost that can beheard at times in the back bedroom. She mumbles, so it is not clear what shesays. People who have slept in this room claim to have felt the bed being kickedor shaken. Personally I think it's just gas from the furnace going up thechimney (which is near that room) or air from the forced hot air system. We werealso told that earlier owners reported actually seeing a woman walking in andaround the house.
I'm very much a skeptic but I would love for this ghost story to be true. Wekeep finding more and more out about this mystery.
As we began moving our belongings into the house we met the people livingacross the street. Their teenage daughter asked if we knew the house washaunted. We said we did but wanted to hear what she knew about it. A few yearsago while she was babysitting a little girl in the house, they heard what shedescribed as a crying woman from within one of the chimneys. They were both soscared that she called the her mother from across the street to come over andstay with them. The mother also claimed she's heard voices in the house othertimes when she knew no one was home. But neither the daughter nor mother haveever seen the ghost. Other family members claim they've heard music from behindthe house in the woods: a harp or flute playing a wild rhythm. Yet when they'vecrossed the street to check it out, they haven't been able to find its source.
One local legend has it that the back bedroom where the voices are supposedlyheard used to be a birthing room/ nursery. Sometime in the 1800s a woman livingin the house died while giving birth in this room. She may be the one stillhaunting the house.
Another story I've heard is that I have heard is that the house wasattacked by Indians in the 1700s and the entire family was murdered. The youngdaughter was reportedly tortured before the Indians killed her. The house doeshave Indian shutters, but I've been unable to confirm any town records of Indianattacks on the house. an.
On a trip to the library, we found that in the 1970s someone discovered adateless headstone in the yard. There was no grave at the house, and the name onthe headstone -- "Moody Dodge" -- never appears anywhere in the townrecords. Then, during the house inspection we found a trap door, hidden underthe wall-to-wall carpeting and leading to a second basement. This eight by eightbasement is six feet deep, and lined with brick walls. I've heard many theoriesas to what this room was, ranging from a hiding place for escaping slaves on theUnderground Railroad to a root cellar . As of yet, I haven't been able toconfirm any of them.
I still don't believe there is really a ghost in the house but I would findit kind of neat if there really were. There is a superstition that as longas the ghost lives in the main living area it's a good ghost. Supposedly, it'sthe ones that reside mostly in the basement or attic that would try to causeharm.
The Old House Web | <urn:uuid:ed9ccfc6-8d51-4f80-9284-6ae75498037b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.oldhouseweb.com/architecture-and-design/material-defects.shtml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281353.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00072-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.982446 | 728 | 1.921875 | 2 |
2001-Tue Jan 17 08:08:03 EST 2017
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2016: We've scoured the Web to find the best and most compelling animal
stories, videos and photos. And it's all right here.
In March, we told you about how NYPD officers saved
the lives of several kittens who were cruelly abandoned in a suitcase in
Brooklyn. Now, there’s sweet news to report: one of the kittens has been
adopted by NYPD
Officer Nicole Piridis, who fell for
him the day she saved him and his littermates. When Pirdis initially brought
the kittens to the apartment of the woman who’d called 911, little Apollo kept
coming to her. “I picked him up, and he fell asleep,” Piridis said. “We locked
eyes ... I’m like, ‘I’m taking him. He’s mine.’” First though, Apollo and his
young siblings had to be treated by the ASPCA.
Sadly, two of the seven kittens found in the suitcase didn’t survive. Two
females, Oxsana and Albina, are still being
treated and aren’t yet ready for adoption. But three of the kittens, who are
now three months old, went to new homes over the weekend. Apollo went home with
Piridis; her close friend adopted Inessa and re-named her Persephone; and Ilyo was also adopted on
Sunday, reported NYPDNews.com. “This is an incredible outcome for these vulnerable kittens who
were callously discarded,” said the ASPCA’s Howard Lawrence. — Read it at the New
York Daily News
A bright yellow frog with orange feet was discovered in a tree in the
protected Floresta Nacional de Pau-Ros in
Brazil. Pedro Peloso, a herpetologist with the American
Museum of Natural History in New York, said he could hear the frog’s call
and pulled back tree branches while standing in his boat to find it. He named
the new 22-millimeter frog Dendropsophus mapinguari, after
a mythical rain forest beast called the mapinguari. He describes
the frog in South
American Journal of Herpetology. — Read it at National
Six months after he was found on a beach, a dolphin named Octavius has
become the first dolphin to be rescued, rehabilitated and returned to the wild
off the coast of Louisiana. The 6.5-foot, approximately 3-year-old dolphin was
likely washed onshore by high waters and rough seas from Hurricane Patricia in
October. He was named after a veterinarian who cared for him at the Audubon Nature Institute, where he
was treated and nursed back to health. He swam off into the wild last week, and
will continue to be closely monitored. — Read it at Inside
Edition via Yahoo
Last month, a violent hailstorm hit Wylie, Texas, leaving the McCaffrey family’s home unlivable. While they were examining the damage and clearing debris from their backyard, their scared
dog ran through an open fence gate and disappeared. They spotted him several times over the next few weeks but Pluto kept running off. The desperate family shared photos of him on social media and a rescue group put out traps. Finally, their lucky break came when Pluto was spotted playing with Walter, another
dog in the neighborhood. He stuck around long enough for his owners to get there. “Once he finally realized who I was, he leaped into my arms,” said Trevor McCaffrey. “He was ready to finally go home.” — Watch it at Dallas’
For the last 13 years, Vanessa has known exactly where to go to lay her eggs: the courtyard of the Village Elementary School in Michigan. Since her ducklings are too young to fly when she needs to leave the courtyard, the school has made special accommodations for the mama duck. Vanessa waits by the courtyard door for it to be unlocked, then leads her family through the school on a path created by the staff. “It’s so unusual, but everyone gets so invested in this duck because how cool is it that she comes back each and every year,” said Elizabeth Krause, a parent at the school who’s watched Vanessa and her ducklings for many years. — Watch it at Michigan’s
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Thank you for subscribing. | <urn:uuid:cf0b8123-a031-4d67-88de-3a01e90f2df6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.vetstreet.com/our-pet-experts/pet-scoop-nypd-cop-adopts-kitten-she-saved-spooked-dog-found-weeks-after-storm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00272-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954834 | 1,221 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Threats in Federal Tax Reform: Hold Higher Ed Harmless
You may have heard that the new federal tax reform bill affects higher education, but what does it mean for students and institutions? As of last Saturday, both the U.S. House and U.S. Senate had passed their own versions of a proposed tax bill reform. Each has troubling consequences for higher education and the UW.
Implications for Graduate Students
Graduate students are likely to be most affected by the tax bill, particularly if the final version contains the provisions found in the House bill. In the House bill, graduate students will see their graduate student tuition benefits, such as waivers, counted as taxable income. Universities grant tuition waivers in exchange for a student’s teaching and research at an institution on top of their educational pursuits. This is money that students never physically receive, as the tuition is simply waived by the university – however, under this bill, they would be taxed on it. Employer-provided tuition assistance would also be included as taxable income in the House bill.
Other higher education tax benefits to be reduced or cut:
- The American Opportunity Tax Credit: The House bill would eliminate the tax refund on education expenses towards a student’s first four years of college.
- The Lifetime Learning Credit: Included in the House bill is the elimination of this credit that can be claimed on qualified tuition and education expenses during post-secondary education.
- Tuition Deduction: The deduction of $4,000 from taxable income for qualified tuition and education expenses will be eliminated in the House bill.
- Student Loan Interest Deduction (SLID): Deductions from student loan interest repayments on one’s taxable income will be eliminated in the House bill.
More information on these tax credits and other implications can be found here. An outline of the items affecting education across the country between the House and Senate versions of the tax bill can be found in this NPR article.
Taxpayer Charitable Giving
Charitable donations are an important funding source for public universities, particularly as state support has dwindled across the country. Under both the House and Senate versions of the tax bill, standard deductions will increase. As donors may see this as less incentive to give, we anticipate a negative effect on nonprofits such as colleges and universities. Additionally, sports boosters who have benefited from a deduction from the purchase of athletic tickets will no longer receive this benefit. This is eliminated in both the House and Senate versions of the tax reform bill. These funding sources are critical as they alleviate much of the strain public higher education institutions face with limited budgets.
President Cauce Speaks Out
President Cauce outlined her concerns about the tax bills in a November blog post. As a research institution, the taxing of tuition waivers would significantly impact the STEM pipeline the university has work hard to establish, especially during our current tech boom. In the President’s most recent blog post, she highlights that the House bill, in particular, will be the most damaging to students and could stunt the innovation that the UW helps cultivate.
How can you help?
Leaders from both parties have chosen members (“conferees”) to meet (“in conference”) and reconcile a final bill. Provisions from each version of the bill could be included in the final tax act, and the House version, in particular, would have more dire implications for higher education. Now is the time to speak out and let the following Washington lawmakers know that members of the higher education community are paying attention.
For the next few days, we’re doing it on Twitter and Facebook for immediacy. Use the hashtag #ReworktheReform:
Tell these House members to fight within their chamber to hold higher education harmless:
Representative Dan Newhouse: @RepNewhouse
Representative Jaime Herrera Beutler: @herrerabeutler
Representative Cathy McMorris Rodgers: @cathymcmorris
Representative Dave Reichert: @davereichert
Hey @RepNewhouse @herrerabeutler @cathmcmorris @davereichert, the House bill is bad for university students in WA and across the country. Hold higher ed harmless. #ReworktheReform
@RepNewhouse @herrerabeutler @cathmcmorris @davereichert – the higher ed community is watching. Please work with your House members to fix the issues for students in your tax bill. #ReworktheReform
Remind Washington conferees to fight for higher education in the final bill:
Senator Patty Murray: @PattyMurray
Senator Maria Cantwell: @SenatorCantwell
@PattyMurray @SenatorCantwell – Tax bill is bad for higher education. Thank you for fighting in conference for college and university students in Washington and across the country. #ReworktheReform
@PattyMurray @SenatorCantwell – College and university students are counting on you! Help Congress hold higher ed harmless. #ReworktheReform | <urn:uuid:b19a8ca7-03e1-410e-b73c-3b9bac0954f7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://uwimpact.org/threats-federal-tax-reform-hold-higher-ed-harmless/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00467.warc.gz | en | 0.952254 | 1,059 | 2 | 2 |
Its unmatched beauty has been around for millennia, but the largest of Georgia’s Barrier Islands only became a national seashore on this day in 1972.
Cumberland Island is the southernmost of Georgia’s Sea Islands. This magical place is noted for having several unique ecological systems: beaches and dunes, inland maritime forests, and saltwater marshes. The 57-square-mile island is home to wild horses, sea turtle nests, and a variety of other wildlife. Native Americans visited the island for thousands of years before the Spanish built a fort and mission there in the 16th century.
In the 1760s, 13 Georgians received the first land grants on Cumberland. Those grants would be the foundations of the slave-based Sea Island cotton plantations of the 19th century.
The Carnegies of Pittsburgh bought land on Cumberland in the 1880s as a private hunting reserve, but in the 1960s, the Carnegies and other landowners worked with the federal government to convert Cumberland into public land. The result is one of Georgia’s great natural treasures, the Cumberland Island National Seashore, established by Congress on October 23, 1972, Today in Georgia History.
The father of Confederate General Robert E. Lee was originally buried on Cumberland Island. However, it was later re-interred at Virginia. The gravestone remains. | <urn:uuid:576249cd-71f3-4c66-b118-6cd3929ef627> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.todayingeorgiahistory.org/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719273.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00065-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950027 | 283 | 3.546875 | 4 |
On the subject of motor vehicle insurance policy, there are many different factors which will affect your premium. It is possible to decrease your premium by driving properly and responsibly. Other factors to consider when comparing costs include things like your car make and design, the value of your vehicle, And exactly how you use it. If you regularly travel lengthy distances, you usually tend to be involved in accidents. Ultimately, the best way to reduce your insurance policies high quality is to find a coverage that fits your needs.
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Each state sets its individual minimum car insurance coverage necessities, and these legislation are broken down into 3 different figures. In California, such as, you might be needed to carry a minimum of 15/30/5 in bodily injuries legal responsibility protection, and 30/fifty/5 in house injury legal responsibility. These quantities can vary extensively, so it is best to examine your point out’s prerequisites in advance of driving. When alternative insurance policy may be a choice, it isn’t really often a good idea.
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No matter whether you might have collision protection on your vehicle insurance coverage plan is dependent upon your instances. When you may not be needed by legislation to own this coverage, lenders will very likely require it if you intend on financing your vehicle. Lenders may additionally call for you to hold collision insurance plan When you have a mortgage, meaning you must order full protection vehicle insurance. This protection is often a necessity for many people who finance an auto, no matter if new or utilised.
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Underinsured and uninsured motorist coverage are optional in a few states, but in other states, you must have them both equally. Obtaining each coverages will give you further protection in the event you must pay professional medical costs or other fees. In the event the uninsured driver leaves you having a weakened motor vehicle, the uninsured motorist coverage can buy the repairs. Although this coverage isn’t really required, it might be a clever idea to carry at least the least volume of liability coverage.
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Do you think you’re a younger driver on the lookout for auto insurance policy affordable offers? Here are a few guidelines you’ll be able to comply with to save cash on vehicle insurance plan protection: Raising your deductibles, getting a no statements lower price, and getting a policy using a regional insurance company. The following tips can help you save a huge selection of dollars annually on your car insurance policy coverage. In addition they enable you to get the bottom costs doable. Continue reading to find out additional. You may be glad you probably did!
Youthful motorists can get monetary savings on auto insurance policy by driving more securely, lowering the volume of miles they generate, and permitting the insurance company observe their driving habits. You may as well lower your rates by searching close to for car insurance policies. Lots of insurers demand an increased rate for young motorists, so it is important to shop about. Thankfully, you will find no cost on-line quote comparison resources that make this effortless. On top of that, you are able to ask for a reduction For those who have multiple cars and have them insured by exactly the same organization.
When trying to find a plan, Be sure to Evaluate various rates and select the finest worth and good quality. You may also seek out an insurance coverage agent who will increase with you, permitting you for making changes as your driving background improvements. Be sure you compare procedures that provide very similar forms of protection, as deductibles and restrictions can make a giant difference. For anyone who is a young driver, you should also get more than enough coverage in order to avoid economical catastrophe.
Getting a no statements low cost on auto cover is a terrific way to spend less on your own premiums, and it could be worth asking your insurance provider how to apply it. Depending upon the insurance company, the discounted is usually worthy of between 30% after a 12 months to as much as sixty five% right after five years. Understand that Should you have an accident, you can drop two years of no claims reward. Additionally, various claims may also wipe out all your no claims reward. It is essential to notify your insurer instantly of any accidents you have, as failing to take action could imply that long run statements will likely be rejected.
Most insurers offer no claims discounted security for a cost of around PS25. It lets you make a particular number of statements a year with out stressing regarding your premiums heading up. It’s also achievable so as to add it to a whole new policy When you have a no statements reward. Also, you are able to transfer your no promises discounted to another insurance provider if you want. To keep the no claims price reduction, it is best to take into consideration switching companies yearly or two.
When searching for a affordable auto insurance plan quotation, raising your deductibles is a great way to get decrease rates. Some estimates say It can save you in between 15 and 30 % on your own premium by boosting your deductibles. These cost savings could vary greatly depending on your driving history, the type of auto you push, and your point out’s legislation. Elevating your deductibles could also reduced your yearly quality by as much as 40%.
When raising your deductible isn’t the right alternative for everyone, it will help you save thousands of pounds more than the long term. Whilst the quantity you choose to lift your deductible will rely on your economic scenario, authorities advocate conserving at the very least two months’ truly worth of residing expenses. On top of that, it’ll reduce your insurance expenses monthly. Additionally, you will save an important amount of cash in case you at any time generate a declare.
Obtaining a policy with a regional insurance provider could be beneficial for motorists using a weak credit record. It can save you revenue every month on the monthly insurance coverage Invoice, and you may make the most of reductions and exceptional customer service. Acquiring a plan that has a regional insurance company is available in all 50 states, and you may Review fees by condition to find the lowest charges. Nonetheless, it is crucial to note that it might take a handful of months to boost your credit rating rating, and many motorists having a poor credit rating record can wind up having to pay about $four hundred a calendar year.
Erie Insurance plan is yet another regional insurance provider that offers affordable car insurance coverage. This company is based in Pennsylvania, and has been in organization considering that 1925. Erie gives auto insurance policy, lifetime, and house insurance coverage. While Erie only presents coverage in particular states, it has in excess of thirteen,000 unbiased insurance brokers during the United States. You can choose an agent or simply a regional insurance company In keeping with your needs. However, it is usually recommended that you read all fine print prior to making a call.
For anyone who is a higher-risk driver, you’ll want to Look at vehicle insurance coverage prices and find The most cost effective plan for your needs. You should also take a look at just how much protection is offered in your area so you’re able to figure out if a lessen charge is achievable. It might be much more economical to acquire more protection For those who have decreased threat or if you settle for an increased deductible. Everything depends upon your requirements. The good thing is, there are plenty of solutions accessible to you.
Should you are searching for The most cost effective auto coverage estimate for prime-threat motorists, you happen to be in luck. You can certainly come across 1 with a couple of clicks on the web. The web can present you with various quotes for protection at a fraction of the price of regular automobile insurance. Not just that, but it may also make signing up for insurance policy a great deal simpler. All It’s important to do is complete an easy on the internet form, pay out your quality, and you simply’re accomplished! The insurance provider will then print you a card as proof within your insurance coverage coverage and you will have a coverage over the highway.
When you’ve got a bad credit history background, you’re thought of a significant-possibility driver by several insurance policies corporations. It’s because you usually tend to file an insurance assert than a driver with very good credit score. Your credit history rating is actually a Think about how insurance coverage corporations watch you, as well as a former DUI/DWI will raise your premium by as much as 65%. That is comparable to an extra $477 on the six-thirty day period coverage. A different variable that insurers think about is your driving heritage. A DUI/DWI can raise your quality by as much as $174, in addition to a speeding ticket can increase as many as about 45%.
When you have a DUI in your record, you can pick The most affordable car insurance plan service provider. Companies like State Farm, American Relatives, and Progressive have some excellent alternatives which provide decreased premiums for high-risk drivers. They also take into account your credit history rating when deciding your quality. Insurers contemplate these aspects when selecting how much you pay out on your plan. A inadequate credit history rating can cause insurance coverage costs to skyrocket, so It is really crucial to understand your credit history rating prior to making a decision.
There are a selection of components to look at When picking The most cost effective auto insurance plan for youthful drivers. Your age and marital position play a major role within your auto insurance policy charges. The type of motor vehicle you push may have an effect with your premium. For illustration, higher-overall performance autos are generally dearer to insure than low-performance autos. Thus, the initial step find The most affordable automobile insurance coverage for younger motorists is to find a automobile with quite a few basic safety options.
A great way to decreased the cost of vehicle insurance policies for young motorists will be to reduced the protection you require. Many insurers offer reductions for anyone who is a great pupil, or If you’re in driver instruction. Nonetheless, cutting down your protection could cause huge out-of-pocket expenses When you’ve got an accident. Therefore, you’ll want to weigh the risks of this selection meticulously, and usually err to the facet of discovering superior benefit.
Young people Have a very complicated time securing affordable vehicle insurance. Though the price of a coverage for the sixteen-12 months-previous driver is far better than that of the Grownup, it may be minimized by including a teenager to an present policy. This feature improves premiums by a median of $1,461 a year, but is commonly cheaper than getting a individual plan. Furthermore, should you be a younger driver, search for bargains and also other approaches to avoid wasting.
The price of vehicle insurance plan may differ commonly based upon your profile, which can indicate that you ought to store about for the cheapest insurance policy for small-chance drivers. Insurers consider numerous variables when determining on an insurance policy plan, which includes your driving file, demographics, and Total chance stage. Mentioned below would be the 5 most critical elements to take into consideration when evaluating insurance plan prices. Keep in mind that reduced insurance coverage prices Never imply that you’ve got to sacrifice high-quality.
For starters, look at your zip code. These in superior-criminal offense locations will face larger premiums. Furthermore, coverage providers consider traffic volume into account. Also, make sure you don’t have any accidents or claims on the document, as these will enhance your rates. Finally, Remember that you need to compare rates each six months to stop spending more than It’s important to. You should also take into consideration acquiring a multi-coverage price cut if you’ve got more than one plan with a specific insurance provider.
Though credit score scores are not lawfully used by insurers in certain states, they’re still important issues when comparing automobile insurance policies charges. In Hawaii, drivers with inadequate credit rating can pay 168% a lot more than equivalent clean drivers. In Massachusetts, higher-chance drivers pay back thirty% in excess of cleanse drivers. For new motorists, a DUI, dashing ticket, and negative credit score will maximize premiums greater than Other people. Make sure to receive a few rates prior to making a choice.
The zip code you live in is An important Think about the expense of insurance. If you live in an area with large criminal offense and incident costs, it is possible to hope to pay for far more for insurance plan prices. Also, variables like targeted visitors quantity and incident record can improve the price of insurance coverage. Most insurance policies corporations also check into a driver’s driving heritage to determine what fee they should demand for their plan. Ordinarily, drivers by using a weak driving historical past fork out much more for protection than those which has a clean up driving file.
Car or truck coverage has risen by $50 – $a hundred in the final 5 years, as health and fitness care costs happen to be raising. Drivers may also be needed to have uninsured and PIP coverage, which happen to be above-regular point out requirements. Numerous states only have to have liability insurance policy, but Ny necessitates motorists to hold both. These optional coverages increase the cost of insurance policy, and will often boost the complete premium. Lastly, drivers should really Look at their coverage boundaries, as some guidelines Have a very reduced minimal amount of coverage than Many others.
In Ny, the typical particular person spends two.eight per cent in their income on auto insurance plan, which can be a bit better compared to the countrywide average of 2.forty p.c. Persons in their 30s, 40s, and 50s can pay marginally a lot less than the normal. The 70+ age team can pay higher premiums than motorists with less driving knowledge. Those people who are married can pay a little better rates, but nonetheless decreased than solitary individuals.
In combination with decrease costs, motorists could also take defensive driving courses. These courses are 320 minutes in size, and consist of conversations of driver attitude and targeted visitors legislation. Additionally they teach defensive driving strategies that could dramatically lower the expense of insurance policies. They could also aid to further improve their driving file, so completing a system can lessen the cost of a car coverage estimate. On the other hand, when you are unsure about the precise coverage you need, you can Examine Along with the Coverage Information and facts Institute.
Whilst fuel prices differ by condition, the cost of a car insurance plan quotation in other states may be higher or reduce than your individual. Some elements may well account for this, which include the percentage of uninsured motorists, point out insurance policies legal guidelines, and the speed of theft. Also, the incidence of terrible weather conditions can improve the expense of insurance policies in different states. The next table exhibits common automobile insurance coverage rates in several states. These estimates are determined by a comparison of condition coverage prerequisites.
Missouri is The most cost effective point out for comprehensive-protection car insurance coverage, paying just $944 below Louisiana. Additionally, this condition has one of the lowest prices per capita, and is particularly ranked fifth concerning expense of living. In contrast, Texas drivers shell out quite possibly the most for his or her motor vehicle insurance plan, spending just as much as 33% of their once-a-year profits in total. This disparity could possibly be as a consequence of The point that the point out provides a substantial number of uninsured motorists and plenty of lawsuits.
The countrywide average for total coverage car insurance policy is $1,771 a 12 months. The condition with the most costly insurance policy top quality is Louisiana, that has a top quality of $two,839, a 19% raise from 2020. Conversely, Maine’s regular insurance policies top quality is barely $858. It’s because no-fault states have better coverage premiums. The price of a vehicle insurance policy in other states can vary considerably. There are several variables to take into consideration, which includes your state’s legal guidelines on insurance policy.
In case you are trying to find large-threat driver motor vehicle insurance coverage in the vicinity of me, you may be wanting to know how to get a minimal-Price tag plan. Large-chance drivers pay larger insurance policy rates than normal drivers. It’s because they have an inclination to acquire extra mishaps or violations on their own file. According to the condition, the Restrict can be 3 years or five years. Occasionally, you may get special discounts if you take a driver safety training course.
When the national averages for top-chance driver motor vehicle insurance coverage in close proximity to me are fairly consistent, you will discover that premiums range wildly from condition to point out. Some providers regulate their charges to unique states, so if you reside in a specific point out, chances are you’ll realize that a single insurance company provides you the best coverage for a low price. The cheapest superior-chance driver car or truck coverage in the vicinity of me comes from Condition Farm, which has an extended-standing status for giving fantastic services.
The easiest way to look for a high-chance driver car or truck insurance close to me is to enter your ZIP code and Look at prices. The cost of higher-risk motor vehicle coverage near me can differ from state to condition, but most significant insurers offer these coverage. A few of these companies concentrate on substantial-chance protection, such as National Normal. You may even be able to find a less expensive plan if you have superior grades plus a small-chance automobile.
There are various benefits of comparing automobile insurance plan providers. In the following paragraphs, We’re going to go over several of The most crucial options, such as scores, bargains, and customer service. Selecting the finest coverage is important for your safety and protection, so take the time to compare the various guidelines from distinct firms. By the time you finish reading through this post, you’ll need an notion of which insurer features the most beneficial coverage at the lowest Value. Here are a few tips to select the appropriate just one for yourself:
To find the best rate, it is best to Assess motor vehicle insurance policies quotations from unique corporations. Insurers use quite a few aspects to ascertain the cost of insurance policies. You have to recognize your particular person requires and Evaluate rates from various companies. For example, sports activities automobiles can Price extra to insure than standard cars and trucks. In addition, your locality and driving background can also have an affect on the fees that you are quoted. By utilizing a comparison Device, you can find the lowest charge on the same protection With all the exact same deductibles.
Insurance coverage premiums may vary considerably, so it’s significant to understand how Every single coverage operates. Among the aspects that impact premiums are driving record, age, and credit rating background. You can even Assess the benefits that each business presents, for example roadside guidance or accident forgiveness. Despite the fact that this might look like a frightening process, it can help to check quotes from distinct suppliers and pick the suitable a single. Shown under are some suggestions to get you started out.
In regards to evaluating automobile coverage organizations, it is advisable to start with the J.D. Power car or truck insurance provider ratings. These are depending on consumer gratification surveys that study 1000s of car insurance shoppers nationwide. The effects are compiled into numerical scores that stand for the companies’ typical purchaser gratification score. These rankings are printed every year, and the very best car insurance plan firms in Each individual group are awarded gold medals. But how Did you know if the companies you are considering are any excellent?
There are plenty of techniques To judge the economical strength of auto coverage organizations. For starters, you are able to check the AM Most effective insurance company score, which provides financial balance scores for auto insurance policy organizations. If the motor vehicle insurance company has an A, B, C, or File ranking, it is important to know how stable it is actually prior to choosing a plan. This is an important aspect of customer care, so you should definitely read through the critiques and skim the good print prior to making a choice.
Automobile insurance policy firms provide a range of savings. Many of those special discounts will not be obtainable for Absolutely everyone, so it is vital to check the corporation Web page to ensure you qualify to the reductions that implement for you. Some corporations offer numerous special discounts, and You may as well inquire your insurance coverage agent If they’re suitable for any unique discounted. Even so, the method is not hard and infrequently usually takes under an hour. Underneath are a few samples of achievable car or truck insurance coverage special discounts.
Legacy Bargains: An auto insurance provider could offer a reduction to new motorists who buy their coverage by their mom and dad’ corporation. This price cut is generally all over 10 percent. That is one method to thank your mother and father for your enterprise over the years, and it could help you save funds on your automobile insurance policies protection. Lots of businesses offer legacy discount rates to young motorists, and It is really worth examining to find out In case your insurance company provides one. You may as well explore procedures supplied by American Family, Farmers, or USAA.
Inside the coverage business, there are a few companies that consistently excel at customer care. Esurance, as an example, scored 4 out of 5 within the J.D. Electricity rankings for customer support, a higher mark for an organization whose mum or dad firm would not. The corporation scored bigger than its rivals in all other spots, such as coverage offerings and costs, along with the excellent of services supplied by its Get hold of Centre representatives and Internet site.(personalized assistance)
The key element of auto insurance policy for most people is its protection, but it is the customer care that matters most. Customers would like to Get hold of their insurers and receive prompt, courteous support. This means that they wish to get a reaction for their e-mails and cellphone phone calls rapidly, and they wish to speak with an agent who’ll listen to their fears and give methods. Whilst all automobile insurance plan organizations may perhaps offer you outstanding customer care, some do accomplish much better than Other individuals.(rideshare insurance coverage)(only a few clicks)(insurance coverage selections)
Numerous elements influence the rates of automobile insurance plan organizations. Driving historical past and age are two important elements. A driver with a poor driving history or possibly a poor credit score score can have increased rates. Also, the expense of residing in your neighborhood will have an impact on the premiums. Due to this, it is important to match the premiums of a number of insurance policies companies to locate the just one that can go well with your price range along with your driving behaviors. There are many tips on how to decrease your rates, for instance cutting protection or getting a defensive driving study course. It’s also possible to prefer to purchase an entire year of coverage up front.(Monthly bill online)(staff reductions)(at fault incident)(protected accident)
Besides the above-talked about variables, a number of other points can raise your premium. As an example, for those who’ve recently created a claim or logged a website traffic violation, your coverage company will reassess your premiums. Also, if you are taking a safe driving course, you could be qualified for a discount. Insurance plan organizations are consistently tweaking their models to ascertain the prices, and you would possibly observe a change as part of your premiums Even when you’ve hardly ever improved your driving historical past.(utilization dependent insurance plan)(rental automobiles)(car repairs)(Protected driver price cut)
An auto insurance policy Review is a great way to stay clear of disreputable insurance coverage providers. Such as, small rates from a selected insurance provider could be misleading Should the estimate excludes sure coverage or makes inaccurate assumptions regarding your driving profile. By hunting up insurance coverage companies’ scores plus the A.M. Most effective ranking, you will discover The most cost effective insurance policy companies in your neighborhood. Go through this article to Learn how auto insurance policies compares could help you save dollars. Then, get your prices from the prime businesses and see which one is the greatest in your case.(incident cost-free)
Your credit-primarily based insurance policies rating is often a useful indicator of the amount risk you might be prone to pose, but you shouldn’t Permit it dictate your premiums. The federal governing administration isn’t going to let insurers to make use of your credit rating historical past as the only basis for an increase in your prices. Even so, states like California, Massachusetts, Oregon, Utah, and Vermont have guidelines in place that restrict insurers from using credit rating heritage to find out insurance rates.(could save)(new car)(car declare)
However, such a insurance plan would not utilize to every point out, so shoppers don’t have any way to determine if a business is utilizing your rating to come to a decision the amount of to demand them. Some states, like California, Hawaii, Massachusetts, and Michigan, do ban credit rating-centered insurance policies. Many other states also have limits on the use of credit-based insurance scores. Eventually, you need to determine on your own whether or not your credit score-based mostly insurance score is appropriate for you.(bike insurance plan)(roadside support protection)(bundling car)(have a automobile insurance plan)(pet insurance policies)(actual funds value)(superior promises company)(yacht insurance policy)
Many factors affect the price of automobile insurance plan savings, including age. Age influences your level by over 30 p.c, and in some states, a young driver can pay Nearly 4 periods as much as a 30-yr-outdated. Inexperience is another major element, as young young adults usually tend to get into accidents. By knowledge what variables impact your rates, you can negotiate decreased prices yourself. Mentioned down below are a lot of the ways in which age influences your automobile coverage.
Generally speaking, the youthful you’re, the lower your premiums will likely be. But When you are a man, age does have an effect on the cost of automobile coverage. Though young male drivers shell out less than their older counterparts, premiums for motorists within their sixties and seventies skyrocket. Statistically, males are two and also a 50 percent moments as prone to be involved in a vehicle crash than Women of all ages, Therefore the gender hole decreases with age.(coverage selections)(homeowners insurance policies)
The truth that a person will pay a better high quality for auto insurance policies than a lady is just not solely shocking. Numerous Gentlemen make very poor decisions although driving, causing much more accidents and promises. Even so, There are some components that make Adult males more expensive to insure. Here are several of the highest explanations why. Continue reading to find out more about the most well-liked variables that have an effect on car insurance policy premiums by gender. And if you are still perplexed, take into account these tips for lowering your premiums.(vehicle insurance guidelines)(car insurance policy quotation)(car or truck insurance policy charge)
The Oregon Division of monetary Regulation has instructed car insurers to support consumers who Never specify their gender. Discrimination from non-binary persons could be grounds for unfair discrimination prices, and insurers must file rates for the people motorists starting up in January 2019. These fees could be better than Individuals for male and female drivers. As long as they are not excessive, Gals can get monetary savings. Also, don’t worry with regard to the “non-binary” charge for young drivers.(automobile insurance assert)(gap insurance plan)(auto policy) | <urn:uuid:a2d1a95a-8d46-4d73-909b-e3c46ade6a25> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://antibioticpl.com/car-insurance-in-cedar-grove-nj/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570765.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808031623-20220808061623-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.954275 | 7,271 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Although enzymes are crucial to the functioning of living cells, they are essentially a misunderstood part of biology. What exactly is an enzyme? The answer is simple: it’s an organic molecule that catalyzes chemical reactions without the help of a catalyst.
A catalyst is anything that helps an enzyme work properly. Examples include metals, salt solutions, and enzymes added to foods. It’s often used with an enzyme, as models such as magnesium and sulfur can serve as catalysts. A catalyst can be toxic if it isn’t removed or destroyed before the reaction is complete.
When it comes to most molecules (including enzymes), there are four categories:
I) Non-metals (e.g., oxygen, carbon dioxide).
II) Metals (e.g., iron, copper).
III) Aldehydes/ketones/esters (e.g., hydroxyl ions, acetate ions).
IV) Organics (e.g., sugars and chlorophyll).
Which category does your molecule fall into? An example of a non-metal would be a DNA polymerase, which is responsible for repairing damaged DNA strands in cell replication. An example of metal is hydrogen peroxide or CuSO 4 . Aldehydes and ketones are organic molecules or derivatives; acetate ion is an ester; the chlorophyll molecule is a sugar, etc.
These categories mean nothing to organic molecules because you don’t know what they do! So that leaves us with acids/ketones/esters now. You’re probably thinking, “Why go through all this trouble?” Because enzymes have been misunderstood for years. Here’s why:
The underlying chemistry enzymes have long been open to doubt by chemists because we have so little understanding about how biological systems work at the molecular level: we still don’t understand how chemical reactions occur between molecules on two surfaces, how many possible combinations exist under given conditions and which varieties are used by cells at any one time, and how shuttling between these possibilities occurs in real-time during metabolic processes such as protein synthesis .
– Wikipedia What I want people to understand from this article is that every molecule on Earth contains both chemicals that react with one another and atoms that form bonds with each other but not together: the only difference between them is their ability to react with each other under extreme conditions in our environment.
2. What kind of organic molecule is an enzyme?
Many organic molecules contain non-polar groups. These groups, in our brains, are chemical building blocks and the things that help us store information. They are made up of carbons, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms.
An enzyme is a molecule that catalyzes chemical reactions. It does this by “breaking” bonds between atoms in other molecules. There are enzymes in all kinds of organisms like plants and animals. An enzyme is used when you need to metabolize food into energy or produce substances like vitamins and hormones. As a result, an enzyme can make you sick because it can cause chemical reactions that damage your body — leading to sickness or death.
Most of the time, the word enzymes means something completely different than what is meant by it when we say “I need to get rid of some bad people” or “I need to do some work on my computer,” — but they certainly do have a purpose; they help us make things happen on a molecular level!
3. The role of enzymes in the body
The role of enzymes in the body
Enzymes are organic molecules used by the body to break down cellular and chemical compounds. The most critical roles in our bodies are breaking down food into nutrients and removing toxic waste, which is why we need enzymes to do these functions. Enzymes are chains of chemicals that are found in all living organisms, such as bacteria, plants, animals, and humans.
The primary role of an enzyme is to “break down” chemical compounds such as proteins into simpler molecules. This process is called catalysis or catalytic activity. Enzymes can be divided into three categories:
Endogenous enzymes convert endogenous compounds (foods) into compounds that the body needs
Exogenous enzymes act on exogenous or foreign compounds (toxins), which endogenous enzymes cannot break down
Another definition of an enzyme is a protein with a catalytic function. An example would be the digestive system’s enzyme lactase, which is responsible for breaking down lactose (milk sugar), so it doesn’t go through the intestines before being digested by the body’s intestine cells; lactase also plays a significant role in breaking down protein-based foodstuffs like dairy products and meat.
There are three types of endocrine secretions: parathyroid hormone, thyroid hormone, and estradiol. They regulate calcium ion concentration within cells by controlling calcium ion uptake into cell compartments via voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC).
4. The benefits of enzymes
A great way to get an enzyme called “enzyme” is to start with a compound known as a “lipid.” These are elastin, collagen, and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), all manufactured by our body. Lipids are “minerals” that aren’t used for their own sake but to make other compounds easier to manufacture. Lipids are also the structural carriers of chemicals used in biology to create more complex molecules such as enzymes. This is why you often see enzymes written with an exclamation point in their name.
5. The side effects of enzymes
Every day we eat, drink, sniff or breathe something that comes with a known or potential problem. It could be as simple as overeating something. Such is the case when it comes to enzymes.
This writing looks at enzymes’ role in our lives and their effect on us.
Evolutionary biologists do not know which molecules are indeed “natural” and which ones are artificial. For example, the use of enzymes has been linked to various diseases such as type II diabetes and cancer. Furthermore, no one knows who originally invented them or why they were used in food production (how many people are familiar with the term “living foods”?).
6. The different types of enzymes
Enzymes are responsible for the catalytic activity of metabolic pathways. There are three categories: intracellular (inside cells), extracellular (outside cells), and intracellular-extracellular (cellular interconnections). One enzyme is not enough to break down a complex chemical molecule. The most critical aspect of the enzyme system is that it must be present in all cells, unlike bacteria and viruses that can infect only certain types of cells.
Intracellular enzymes are found inside cells and act on chemical molecules like nucleic acids or proteins. Extracellular enzymes act on other chemicals within the body, like hormones or hormones. Intracellular-extracellular enzymes work outside the cell, but for similar reasons.
Enzymes are the catalysts of life. Enzyme complexes, for instance, catalyze the reaction with oxygen to produce and release energy. To do so, enzymes need water (H2O) as their sole liquid component to function correctly (they lack the lipids and proteins that would otherwise be necessary to maintain a functioning enzyme). Enzymes can also be found in living organisms due to the presence of enzymes in their cells.
Enzymes are made up of proteins called enzymes phosphoproteins. The most common form of an enzyme is adenylate cyclase, a type of phosphoprotein found in human cells that regulates the production and release of energy from ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
Adenylate cyclase is an enzyme that uses ATP as a source for its energy production; however, when ATP is unavailable, it will use its internal energy (in this case, adenosine triphosphate) to perform other activities such as transporting substances out of or into the cell or producing substances within the cell.
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), also known as adenosine diphosphate (ADP), is an organic molecule that carries an electrical charge. When ATP becomes depleted, it converts into ADP and then back into ATP again until it has sufficient amounts of both molecules available for activation.
Enzymes are catalysts that break chemical bonds in reaction with chemicals such as nucleotides (Adenosines) or amino acids. They aid in breaking down these chemical bonds and then re-forming them into new ones. This process is called hydrolysis – breaking apart one substance into another substance through chemical interaction; i.e.,
dissolving one substance into another substance by breaking away some portion of its molecular structure – usually through contact with water or another solvent, usually alcohols; i.e., hydrolysis involves breaking apart one substance.)
Why do we need enzymes? Human bodies have many enzymes, but only a limited number can be found inside each individual’s cells that are responsible for performing numerous functions within our bodies, including metabolism, detoxification, repair, regeneration, etc.
A few examples include: acetaldehyde dehydrogenase breaks down acetaldehyde, ultimately leading to acetaminophen’s breakdown. This requires two proteins: NADH-cytochrome c oxidase breaks down cytochrome c, eventually leading to nitric oxide. | <urn:uuid:d700321e-b2f4-419c-b7fa-3166fe95ad42> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://zhibogongshe.com/what-kind-of-organic-molecule-is-an-enzyme/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00078.warc.gz | en | 0.952745 | 1,972 | 3.703125 | 4 |
Transcript for Teens Trapped on Dead Tree After Frozen Pond Begins to Crack
And finally tonight, the story of two teenagers, an icy lake and the saving power of one ri righty tree. Here's what happens, with abc's cecilia vega. Reporter: All they had was a dying tree, and for more than four hours, that's what the two boys clung to, standed in the middle of an icy lake. It was pretty scary. Yeah, it was pretty scary. You could feel it like sinking in and cracking. Reporter:14-year-old christian van aller and 15-year-old alex orton told us what happened when they went out walking on that lake in the arizona mountains and the ice cracked. If the tree wasn't there, we probably would have fallen in. Reporter: Each lost a shoe in the frigid water, so they covered their bare feet with their hats and waited. By the time the rescuers arrived, night had fallen. It took a team of more than two dozen to pull the boys to safety. So what is the lesson in all of this? Don't do that again. Don't do that again. Reporter: Lesson learned -- the cold, hard way. Cecilia vega, abc news, los angeles.
This transcript has been automatically generated and may not be 100% accurate. | <urn:uuid:1ac53280-7484-449e-b24d-5ca84eb40243> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://abcnews.go.com/WNT/video/teens-trapped-dead-tree-frozen-pond-begins-crack-18127362?tab=9482930§ion=1206853&playlist=18127537 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719453.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00229-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971438 | 289 | 1.9375 | 2 |
Personal injury cases result from injuries to a person are caused by the negligent or intentional acts (or failures to act) of another. Also known as torts, they fall into two classes: negligence and intentional torts. Negligence cases include automobile accidents, slip and falls, products liability, and medical malpractice cases. Intentional Torts include cases arising out of intentional acts such as assault, battery, wrongful imprisonment, defamation and abuse of process. The injuries to the person can be physical and/or emotional. The injured person may incur two types of damages: “special damages” including medical bills, lost wages, travel expenses; and “general damages”, also known as pain and suffering, which includes the loss of enjoyment of life resulting from the physical injuries caused by the other person’s actions or failure to act.
A claim begins on the day a person is injured as a result of an act or omission by another. These are, of course, unfortunate incidents which can result in anything from minor bumps and bruises to life altering injuries and even death. Hopefully, the injuries are minor, require little or no treatment, resolve in a short period of time and leave no residual pain.
Injuries are not always minor. In those cases where treatment is needed, the most important thing for the injured person to do is to begin treatment immediately. There are serious medical and legal detriments caused by delaying treatment for an extended period of time. Your health should be the primary concern whether or not you are making a claim against another party. In some cases, delays in treatment or terminating treatment too early can make recovery time longer and lead to a less than full recovery.
Sometimes treatment begins at the scene of the accident with first aid or treatment by paramedics or ambulance staff. Sometimes treatment will begin later. It is not unusual for a person not to feel injured at the time of the accident and begin to feel pain later. We rely on the expertise of doctors and medical providers to make the best treatment decisions for each person and to determine what injuries were caused by the accident. We can discuss the treatment options with you and/or the health care providers, but medical decisions are, ultimately, made by the patient and the doctor(s). We can also recommend doctors who are familiar with treating injuries that arise during personal injury claims.
Investigations by the potentially responsible parties, their agents or insurance companies begin at various times after the injury. Remember, none of these people are on your side – it is their job to limit the amount of exposure to damages they may have to pay. In cases such as automobile accidents involving commercial vehicles or taxis and slip and falls on business properties, the investigation begins at the scene. In those cases, the potentially responsible party or its agents may take photographs, measurements or statements at the scene. Under these circumstances, it is important to be precise in any statements you make regarding what you saw, heard or felt. The need for accurate statements applies to witnesses as well as injured persons.
Understand that the other party, its insurers and their agents do not want to pay out more than they should – they are all in business to make a profit. They want to ensure that the potentially responsible party was at fault for causing the accident and that the claimed damages (i.e. medical bills, lost wages, property damage, and pain and suffering) are reasonable, necessary and related to the accident.
CAP & KUDLER
3202 West Charleston Boulevard
Las Vegas, NV 89102
Phone: (702) 878-8778
Cap and Kudler was founded in 2004 by Allen A. Cap and Donald C. Kudler, two experienced Las Vegas attorneys who had worked for many years at the firm of Albert D. Massi in the areas of personal injury, general civil litigation and business transactions. Learn more. | <urn:uuid:206cd7ad-e2bd-44cb-8cae-b703b15e877f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.capandkudler.com/useful-information/the-life-of-a-personal-injury-case-part-1-before-a-lawsuit-is-filed.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00375-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964339 | 787 | 1.71875 | 2 |
Where can you bungee jump in the US?
6 Best Spots for Bungee Jumping in the US
- High Steel Bridge, Washington.
- Stratosphere SkyJump, Nevada.
- Royal Gorge Suspension Bridge, Colorado.
- Navajo Bridge, Marble Canyon, Arizona.
- Rio Grande Bridge, New Mexico.
- Redwood Trees, California.
Is bungee jumping legal in California?
Bungee jumping within California is a State licensed and regulated activity.
How much is it to bungee jump in California?
Single Jump Package $99
Perform 1 bungee jump with a full body harness. Choose either the Superman Front Dive or Backwards Plunge.
Can bungee jumping hurt you?
Bungee jumping may give you great thrills, but also may leave you with great injuries. … The combination of this extreme force and dangling from a cord can cause varying degrees of injuries your eyes, spine and neck that can even be severe enough to result in death.
How much does it cost to bungee jump at the Grand Canyon?
There is only one company in Arizona know for this “Grand Canyon Bungee Jump.” One of the most highly acclaimed bungee jumping companies in the United States, Bungee Expeditions, offers this once in a life time experience for just $250. This price accounts for the highest of safety standards.
What age do you have to be to bungee jump?
**Bungy** Minimum jump age 10 years old. Minimum jump weight 45kg (if you are over 35kg you may be able to do a tandem jump). Under 18’s require written parental consent.
Is there a weight limit for bungee jumping?
Rules vary for different bungees, but the general minimum weight for bungee jumping is 35/40kg. The maximum weight again differs between sites but is generally around 145/150kg.
Can a bungee cord break?
Even with normal use, bungee cords will eventually stretch permanently, fray, or break as exposure to sun, rain, wind, and extreme temperatures can accelerate a cord’s deterioration.
What are the odds of a bungee cord breaking?
Odds of dying while bungee jumping: About two in one million chances of death. (Source). The risk of sudden death during a marathon: 0.8 per 100,000 people. | <urn:uuid:56d2b0b3-3bc4-44d7-bced-40c21870d33f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lauriekutilportraits.com/winter-types/is-bungee-jumping-legal-in-the-us.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00269.warc.gz | en | 0.885611 | 497 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Fifty-one-year old Sarah Mupakati does not remember the last time she ate sadza, a cooked cornmeal. She opens her one-room tent which she shares with her five grown-up children - the corner that serves as her pantry is empty. It has been like that for the past month. The little she has been getting from barter trading is used up that same day. It is all too easy to understand her relief as she joins the queue to receive her first food rations from the World Food Program (WFP).
CERF provides $3 million for Zimbabwe cholera response
15 June 2011: More than $3 million was provided from the CERF in June to respond to a cholera outbreak that threatened the lives of more than four million people in Zimbabwe.
Cholera has infected nearly 100,000 people in the Southern African country since 2008, claiming more than 4,000 lives. Lack of investment in water service delivery during the past decade in Zimbabwe has limited safe water supplies country-wide, putting many of the population at high risk of infection from cholera and other water-borne diseases.
The $3 million provided by the CERF enabled the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) to provide chemicals to treat water for four million people, including more than half a million children under five. The CERF also allowed UNICEF to provide non-food items to prevent cholera (including water purification tablets, soap and water containers) for a further 40,000 people in particularly high-risk areas. | <urn:uuid:eb9721a1-e609-4202-8cb6-743c35815e92> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.unocha.org/cerf/category/country/africa/zimbabwe | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00304-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.974405 | 330 | 2.875 | 3 |
While at a conference in San Francisco last week, I was surprised to see a former Twin Cities trolley rolling down Market Street. The city is best known for its homegrown cable cars, but it also operates a fleet of historic streetcars that bear the colors of defunct trolley lines in cities across North America, including the Twin Cities. They run from the Castro neighborhood to Fisherman's Wharf, and while they no doubt appeal to tourists, they're clearly an element of the Muni public transportation system and its nonprofit partner, the Market Street Railway. This streetcar, No. 1071, is one of 11 built for the Twin City Rapid Transit system in the 1940s, and later shipped to Newark, N.J., when the buses replaced the last Twin Cities trolley in 1954. Muni bought those streetcars in 2010, and No. 1071 went into service as the only one painted in the original gold-and-green Twin City color scheme. | <urn:uuid:77d90b8a-98ca-44dc-9fd1-7754e77896ec> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.startribune.com/minneapolis-trolley-still-running-in-san-francisco/170994581/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719677.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00561-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970238 | 194 | 1.734375 | 2 |
Health Law and Employment Law Alert: Supreme Court Rules in King v. BurwellJune 25, 2015
Today, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled 6-3 in the King v. Burwell case to uphold federal subsidies in the states where the federal government is operating the insurance Marketplace under the Affordable Care Act. The majority ruled that the literal interpretation of the provision in question did not make sense in the larger context of the law. In his majority opinion upholding the subsidies, Chief Justice Roberts wrote:
“Congress passed the Affordable Care Act to improve health insurance markets, not to destroy them. If at all possible, we must interpret the Act in a way that is consistent with the former, and avoids the latter.”
A link to the Court’s opinion can be found at the following link: http://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/14pdf/14-114_qol1.pdf.
The Affordable Care Act provided states with a choice to either build their own healthcare marketplace exchange or use an exchange run by the federal government. In total, 34 states decided to use the federal exchanges. Had the highest court ruled against the Obama administration, about 6.4 million people in those 34 states, including Maine and New Hampshire, would have been at risk to lose their subsidies. The Bangor Daily News reported that:
“In Maine, nearly 90 percent of the 68,000 residents who enrolled in health insurance under the law received subsidies to help them afford their monthly premiums. Without the financial leg up, the average premium would have shot up nearly 400 percent, from $88 to $425 per month, according to an analysis by the Kaiser Family Foundation.”
With this decision, the subsidies provided to participants in federal insurance exchanges will continue. | <urn:uuid:0a47afbe-1ff7-499c-90c0-2e5caa4e6f50> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.preti.com/publications/health-law-and-employment-law-alert-supreme-court-rules-in-king-v-burwell/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988725470.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183845-00075-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951859 | 367 | 1.90625 | 2 |
We know all about toxic red flags, minor pink flags and positive green flags – but how can we learn to understand white flags in our relationships?
Whether you’re newly dating, at the beginning of a relationship or years into a romance, you’ll know that maintaining any kind of connection takes work and effort alongside undeniable chemistry, magnetic connection and all the other things our favourite rom-coms so proudly showcase.
What we don’t always see represented, however, are the small but important actions, changes and compromises that most couples make in the pursuit of a healthy, balanced relationship.
From putting the others’ needs before yours to making decisions about the future that benefit you both, romantic relationships require some sacrifices, big and small, over time – otherwise known as white flags.
“There’s a lot of discussion on green flags and red flags, and this seems to make the white flags go unnoticed. Maintaining romantic relationships requires lots of work, and sometimes, this means surrendering to some things in our life,” explains Elaine Parker, CEO and founder of dating app Safer Date.
What are white flags?
Much like its association with surrender on the battlefield, white flags in relationships are the concessions and compromises we make for our partners.
Whether it’s adopting a religion, moving countries or transitioning into veganism in support of a loved one, white flags mark the times that we make sacrifices to ultimately ensure the health of the relationship.
On a day-to-day basis, they can look like taking up a new hobby that our partner enjoys, or adapting your diet and lifestyle in line with theirs.
White flags can also be emotional, according to Parker.
In a relationship, particularly long-term, you discover everything there is to know about your partner – their positive traits, and even their slightly annoying habits. At the start of a relationship, preparing for a date means spraying your finest perfume or aftershave on every inch of your body and picking out your nicest clothing.
“However, after some time, you have to surrender to the relationship and let your guard down by being your true self. Of course, it can make you feel vulnerable, but it allows us to maintain the healthy relationship we need in our lives, and the vulnerability that we experience from surrendering can increase our satisfaction with one another,” she says.
Essentially, a white flag is something as simple as giving up your time to be supportive of your partner and experience what they enjoy doing.
Should we be wary of white flags?
However, white flags aren’t about giving up and changing for love. As Parker shares, it’s not to be mistaken as something that is negative – when you love someone, you will often do what it takes to be with that person.
“However, it’s important to be aware of surrendering in a healthy way,” she continues. “Surrendering yourself to be with someone shouldn’t involve shutting off your loved ones is unhealthy, and it’s crucial to be aware that scenarios like this can be dangerous.”
If you feel like your significant other is constantly asking you to compromise, and doesn’t appear prepared to do the same in return, it could be more of a red flag than a white one.
Finally, Parker shares that, in some cases, you may not always be willing to surrender yourself, and the relationship may come to an end.
“But for the right person, you will wave the white flag and surrender yourself, so you can keep the relationship going and allow one another to thrive.” | <urn:uuid:f039e17f-a4b8-4448-bae6-8379b07c4fdb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.stylist.co.uk/relationships/relationship-white-flags/673101?utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=share&utm_campaign=share-buttons | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.938766 | 763 | 1.960938 | 2 |
If you haven’t already, follow the instructions for rolling out your dough and lining a pie pan in our how to guide for making a pie crust,
Chill the crust, loosely covered with plastic wrap, for at least half an hour. This lets the dough relax and will help prevent it from shrinking in the oven.
1) Place a baking sheet on a lower oven rack and preheat the oven to 425 degrees F (220 C). Once the dough is chilled, it should be firm to the touch (shortening won’t firm up as well as butter, so transfer shortening crusts to the freezer for 5 to 10 minutes). Pierce the bottom and sides of the crust with a fork to prevent air pockets from forming.
2) Line the crust with a double thickness of aluminum foil, making sure the foil is all the way to the edges of the bottom of the pan.
3) Fill the foil with pie weights or dried beans. Make sure they’re distributed all across the bottom and partly up the sides of the foil-lined crust. The weights ensure that the crust holds its shape during baking and doesn’t slump in the pan or bubble up.
4) Put the pie plate on the preheated baking sheet and reduce the oven temp to 400. Bake until the edges of the crust are starting to turn golden and the bottom of the crust has lost its translucent “raw” look, 10 to 12 minutes (carefully pull up the edge of the foil to take a peek). Remove the baking sheet and pie pan from the oven. Lift up the edges of the foil and set the beans aside. Return the pie and baking sheet to the oven. Save the beans for the next time you bake a pie, or discard them; they’re no good to eat once they’ve been baked.
5) If you’ll be baking the crust once it’s filled–for a quiche, pumpkin pie, Key lime pie, or others–bake the crust until the bottom is just beginning to color, 6 to 8 minutes. If you’re making a cream pie or refrigerated pie, bake it until the entire crust is golden brown, about 15 minutes longer.
6) Remove the pie shell from the oven. To help prevent soggy pie or quiche crusts, brush the inside of the crust with egg wash (1 egg beaten with 1 tablespoon water) to create a seal. Return the crust to the oven until the egg wash is dry and shiny, about 3 minutes.
7) If you’re making a cream pie or icebox pie, let the crust cool completely before proceeding with your recipe. For pies that will go back in the oven, like lemon meringue pies or quiches, the crust can still be warm when you add the filling. | <urn:uuid:8a1f1c91-bce5-46ef-bb51-f673cd865066> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://dish.allrecipes.com/how-to-bake-a-pie-crust/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280221.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00229-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.868471 | 588 | 1.96875 | 2 |
Hammonton, New Jersey
|Hammonton, New Jersey|
|Town of Hammonton|
William L. Black House
|Nickname(s): "Blueberry Capital of the World"|
Map of Hammonton in Atlantic County
Census Bureau map of Hammonton, New Jersey
|Coordinates: Coordinates: |
|Incorporated||March 5, 1866|
|Named for||John Hammond Coffin|
|• Body||Town Council|
|• Mayor||Stephen DiDonato (term ends December 31, 2017)|
|• Clerk||April Boyer Maimone|
|• Total||41.419 sq mi (107.274 km2)|
|• Land||40.887 sq mi (105.897 km2)|
|• Water||0.532 sq mi (1.377 km2) 1.28%|
|Area rank||50th of 566 in state
7th of 23 in county
|Elevation||62 ft (19 m)|
|Population (2010 Census)|
|• Estimate (2015)||14,618|
|• Rank||169th of 566 in state
6th of 23 in county
|• Density||361.8/sq mi (139.7/km2)|
|• Density rank||464th of 566 in state
15th of 23 in county
|Time zone||Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)|
|• Summer (DST)||Eastern (EDT) (UTC-4)|
|GNIS feature ID||0885242|
Hammonton is a town in Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States, known as the "Blueberry Capital of the World." As of the 2010 United States Census, the town's population was 14,791, reflecting an increase of 2,187 (+17.4%) from the 12,604 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 396 (+3.2%) from the 12,208 counted in the 1990 Census.
Hammonton was settled in 1812 and was named for John Hammond Coffin, a son of one of the community's earliest settlers, William Coffin, with the "d" in what was originally "Hammondton" disappearing over time. It was incorporated as a town by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 5, 1866, from portions of Hamilton Township and Mullica Township. It is located directly between Philadelphia and the resort town of Atlantic City, along a former route of the Pennsylvania Railroad that is used by NJ Transit's Atlantic City Line.
- 1 Geography
- 2 Demographics
- 3 Government
- 4 Education
- 5 Media
- 6 Transportation
- 7 Community
- 8 Notable people
- 9 Sister cities
- 10 References
- 11 External links
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town had a total area of 41.419 square miles (107.274 km2), including 40.887 square miles (105.897 km2) of land and 0.532 square miles (1.377 km2) of water (1.28%).
The town borders Folsom borough, to the southwest, and both Hamilton and Mullica townships to the southeast in Atlantic County; Shamong Township and Washington Township in Burlington County to the northeast; and Waterford Township and Winslow Township in Camden County to the northwest. It is located in the Atlantic Coastal Plain, so is largely flat, though the highest point in Atlantic County is located along the Pennsylvania Railroad within the borders of Hammonton. The town is located almost exactly halfway between Philadelphia and Atlantic City.
Unincorporated communities, localities and place names located completely or partially within the town include Barnard, Bellhurst, Caldwell Crossing, Dacosta, Dutchtown, Great Swamp, Murphy, Rockford, Rockwood, Rosedale and West Mills.
The town is one of 56 South Jersey municipalities that are included within the New Jersey Pinelands National Reserve, a protected natural area of unique ecology covering 1,100,000 acres (450,000 ha), that has been classified as a United States Biosphere Reserve and established by Congress in 1978 as the nation's first National Reserve. All of the town is included in the state-designated Pinelands Area, which includes portions of Atlantic County, along with areas in Burlington, Camden, Cape May, Cumberland, Gloucester and Ocean counties.
Due to its location in the Pine Barrens, the soil is largely sandy, making it ideal for growing blueberries. Low, marshy areas, often within the Pine Barrens are also used for cranberry cultivation.
Hammonton lies in the northern reaches of the humid subtropical climate zone, and, similar to inland southern New Jersey, is characterized by brisk winters, hot summers, and plentiful precipitation spread evenly throughout the year. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Hammonton's climate is abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.
|Climate data for Hammonton, New Jersey (1981–2010 normals)|
|Average high °F (°C)||41.1
|Average low °F (°C)||23.0
|Average precipitation inches (mm)||3.07
|Average snowfall inches (cm)||6.0
|Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in)||10.4||9.9||9.7||12.6||10.9||11.7||9.8||9.0||8.3||10.0||9.1||10.9||122.1|
|Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in)||3.2||2.5||.8||.2||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||1.2||7.9|
|Population sources: 1870-2000
1870-1920 1870 1880-1890
1930-1990 2000 2010
The 2010 United States Census counted 14,791 people, 5,408 households, and 3,759 families residing in the town. The population density was 361.8 per square mile (139.7/km2). The town contained 5,715 housing units at an average density of 139.8 per square mile (54.0/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 81.67% (12,080) White, 3.00% (444) Black or African American, 0.28% (42) Native American, 1.37% (203) Asian, 0.01% (2) Pacific Islander, 10.81% (1,599) from other races, and 2.85% (421) from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 20.93% (3,096) of the population.
Out of a total of 5,408 households, 31.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.5% were married couples living together, 12.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.5% were non-families. 25.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.19.
In the town, 23.4% of the population were under the age of 18, 8.2% from 18 to 24, 26.4% from 25 to 44, 26.1% from 45 to 64, and 16.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39.6 years. For every 100 females the census counted 99.0 males, but for 100 females at least 18 years old, it was 95.2 males.
The Census Bureau's 2006-2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $59,085 (with a margin of error of +/- $3,242) and the median family income was $62,354 (+/- $3,893). Males had a median income of $47,110 (+/- $4,411) versus $36,615 (+/- $3,549) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $25,292 (+/- $1,528). About 8.4% of families and 10.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.1% of those under age 18 and 9.2% of those age 65 or over.
As of the 2000 United States Census there were 12,604 people, 4,619 households, and 3,270 families residing in the town. The population density was 305.5 people per square mile (117.9/km2). There were 4,843 housing units at an average density of 117.4 per square mile (45.3/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 87.85% White, 1.74% African American, 0.14% Native American, 1.14% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 7.83% from other races, and 1.27% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 14.88% of the population.
As of the 2000 Census, 45.9% of town residents were of Italian ancestry, the second-highest percentage of any municipality in the United States (behind Johnston, Rhode Island, at 46.7%), and highest in New Jersey, among all places with more than 1,000 residents identifying their ancestry. News reports have said Hammonton leads the nation in Italian-Americans per capita.
There were 4,619 households out of which 30.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.6% were married couples living together, 11.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.2% were non-families. 23.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.14.
In the town the population was spread out with 22.8% under the age of 18, 7.9% from 18 to 24, 29.2% from 25 to 44, 22.1% from 45 to 64, and 18.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 93.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.7 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $43,137, and the median income for a family was $52,205. Males had a median income of $36,219 versus $27,900 for females. The per capita income for the town was $19,889. About 5.7% of families and 9.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.0% of those under age 18 and 10.8% of those age 65 or over.
Hammonton is governed under the Town form of New Jersey municipal government. The government consists of a Mayor and a Town Council, with all positions elected at-large on a partisan basis as part of the November general election. The Mayor is elected to a four-year term. The Town Council consists of six members elected to serve two-year terms on a staggered basis, with three seats coming up for election each year.
As of 2016[update], the Mayor of Hammonton is Independent Steve DiDonato, whose term of office ends December 31, 2017. Members of the Hammonton Town Council are Deputy Mayor Tom Gribbin (I, 2017), Steve Furgione (R, 2016), Joseph Giralo (R, 2017), Mickey Pullia (R, 2017), Sam Rodio (I, 2016) and Michael Torrissi Jr. (I, 2016).
The mayor and the majority of council members are affiliated with Hammonton First, an independent political organization that was established in 2005 and swept that November's elections, winning the mayoral seat and all three council seats.
Federal, state and county representation
Hammonton is located in the 2nd Congressional District and is part of New Jersey's 8th state legislative district. Prior to the 2011 reapportionment following the 2010 Census, Hammonton had been in the 9th state legislative district.
New Jersey's Second Congressional District is represented by Frank LoBiondo (R, Ventnor City). New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Cory Booker (D, Newark, term ends 2021) and Bob Menendez (D, Paramus, 2019).
For the 2016–2017 session (Senate, General Assembly), the 8th Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Dawn Marie Addiego (R, Evesham Township) and in the General Assembly by Maria Rodriguez-Gregg (R, Evesham Township) and Joe Howarth (R, Evesham Township). The Governor of New Jersey is Chris Christie (R, Mendham Township). The Lieutenant Governor of New Jersey is Kim Guadagno (R, Monmouth Beach).
Atlantic County is governed by a directly elected executive and a nine-member Board of Chosen Freeholders, responsible for legislation. The executive serves a four-year term and the freeholders are elected to staggered three-year terms, of which four are elected from the county on an at-large basis and five of the freeholders represent equally populated districts. As of 2015[update], Atlantic County's Executive is Republican Dennis Levinson, whose term of office ends December 31, 2015. Members of the Board of Chosen Freeholders are Chairman Frank D. Formica, Freeholder District 2, including Atlantic City (part), Egg Harbor Township (part), Linwood, Longport, Margate, Northfield, Somers Point and Ventnor (R, 2015), Vice Chairman James A. Bertino, Freeholder District 5, including Buena Borough, Buena Vista Township, Corbin City, Egg Harbor City, Estell Manor, Folsom, Hamilton Township (part), Hammonton, Mullica Township and Weymouth (R, 2015), Colin G. Bell, Freeholder At-Large (R, 2015), John Carman, Freeholder District 3, including Egg Harbor Township (part) and Hamilton Township (part) (R, 2017), Ernest D. Coursey, Freeholder District 1, including Atlantic City (part), Egg Harbor Township (part) and Pleasantville (R, 2016), Richard Dase, Freeholder District 4, including Absecon, Brigantine, Galloway Township and Port Republic (D, 2016), Alexander C. Marino, Freeholder At-Large (R, 2017), Will Pauls, Freeholder At-Large (R, 2016) and John W. Risley, Freeholder At-Large (R, 2017). Constitutional officers are County Clerk Edward P. McGettigan (2016), Sheriff Frank X. Balles (R, 2017) and Surrogate James Curcio (2015).
As of March 23, 2011, there were a total of 8,556 registered voters in Hammonton, of which 1,851 (21.6% vs. 30.5% countywide) were registered as Democrats, 2,627 (30.7% vs. 25.2%) were registered as Republicans and 4,076 (47.6% vs. 44.3%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 2 voters registered to other parties. Among the town's 2010 Census population, 57.8% (vs. 58.8% in Atlantic County) were registered to vote, including 75.5% of those ages 18 and over (vs. 76.6% countywide).
In the 2012 presidential election, Republican Mitt Romney received 3,420 votes here (54.4% vs. 41.1% countywide), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 2,777 votes (44.1% vs. 57.9%) and other candidates with 57 votes (0.9% vs. 0.9%), among the 6,290 ballots cast by the town's 8,951 registered voters, for a turnout of 70.3% (vs. 65.8% in Atlantic County). In the 2008 presidential election, Republican John McCain received 3,509 votes here (54.0% vs. 41.6% countywide), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 2,894 votes (44.5% vs. 56.5%) and other candidates with 89 votes (1.4% vs. 1.1%), among the 6,502 ballots cast by the town's 9,090 registered voters, for a turnout of 71.5% (vs. 68.1% in Atlantic County). In the 2004 presidential election, Republican George W. Bush received 3,218 votes here (54.1% vs. 46.2% countywide), ahead of Democrat John Kerry with 2,600 votes (43.7% vs. 52.0%) and other candidates with 47 votes (0.8% vs. 0.8%), among the 5,947 ballots cast by the town's 7,913 registered voters, for a turnout of 75.2% (vs. 69.8% in the whole county).
In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 3,234 votes here (68.7% vs. 60.0% countywide), ahead of Democrat Barbara Buono with 1,229 votes (26.1% vs. 34.9%) and other candidates with 60 votes (1.3% vs. 1.3%), among the 4,709 ballots cast by the town's 9,033 registered voters, yielding a 52.1% turnout (vs. 41.5% in the county). In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 2,588 votes here (53.7% vs. 47.7% countywide), ahead of Democrat Jon Corzine with 1,773 votes (36.8% vs. 44.5%), Independent Chris Daggett with 204 votes (4.2% vs. 4.8%) and other candidates with 93 votes (1.9% vs. 1.2%), among the 4,822 ballots cast by the town's 8,724 registered voters, yielding a 55.3% turnout (vs. 44.9% in the county).
Students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade attend the Hammonton Public Schools. As of the 2011-12 school year, the district's four schools had an enrollment of 3,493 students and 239.6 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 14.58:1. Schools in the district (with 2011-12 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics) are Early Childhood Education Center (PreK-1st grade; 413 students), Warren E. Sooy Elementary School (2-5; 899), Hammonton Middle School (6-8; 817) and Hammonton High School (9-12; 1,364).
Students from Folsom Borough (grades 9-12) and Waterford Township in Camden County (7-12) attend the Hammonton schools as part of sending/receiving relationships with the Folsom Borough School District and the Waterford Township School District.
In the wake of the dissolution of the Lower Camden County Regional School District, the Hammonton board of education voted in 1999 to begin accepting an estimated 800 students from Waterford Township for grades 7-12 starting as of 2002, with the tuition paid by students from Waterford helping to lower overall costs to Hammonton taxpayers.
Hammonton is home of the Catholic schools St. Joseph Regional Elementary School (for PreK-8) and St. Joseph High School (for grades 9-12) which operate under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of Camden.
Roads and highways
As of 2010[update], the town had a total of 126.50 miles (203.58 km) of roadways, of which 77.04 miles (123.98 km) were maintained by the municipality, 30.61 miles (49.26 km) by Atlantic County and 14.65 miles (23.58 km) by the New Jersey Department of Transportation and 4.20 miles (6.76 km) by the South Jersey Transportation Authority.
The Hammonton station of NJ Transit provides passenger rail service between the Atlantic City Rail Terminal in Atlantic City and 30th Street Station in Philadelphia and intermediate points on the Atlantic City Line.
Hammonton is known as the "Blueberry Capital of the World."
Since the 1980s, the Red, White and Blueberry Festival has celebrated Hammonton's status as the nation's blueberry capital. The Hammonton Wine Festival, a fundraiser for the area Rotary Club, celebrates the area's winemakers.
Ronald Reagan visited Hammonton during his 1984 re-election campaign. Reagan's speech highlighted Hammonton's status as "Blueberry Capital of the World" and then extolled the virtues of New Jersey native Bruce Springsteen.
Hammonton has also been visited by Ulysses S. Grant and Theodore Roosevelt, who made whistle stops in the town, as well as by Richard Nixon and John F. Kennedy while President or during their presidential campaigns.
Every year Hammonton hosts the Red, White and Blueberry festival, Our Lady of Mount Carmel festival and the Hammonton wine festival. Mount Carmel's Italian Festival dates back to 1875 and is considered the oldest such continuously run festival in the United States. Other festivals include; Hammonton Fall Beer Festival, Teen Arts Festival, Hammonton Food Truck Festival, Hammonton Green Day Festival, and Crusin Main Street.
Hammonton's downtown district has been growing for the past 20 years. The downtown area includes Bellevue Avenue, Central Avenue, Vine street, Second Street, Third Street, Twelfth Street, Egg Harbor Road, Front Street, West End Avenue, Railroad Avenue and Washington Street. The downtown includes art galleries, restaurants, wine and sports bars, banks, clothing stores,offices, a theatre, a park, and a college satellite campus, attracting shoppers from South Jersey.
Every year the downtown has two major parades which are the Halloween and Christmas parades. It also hosts a smaller parade every year, the Memorial Day parade. the Downtown also host the annual Christmas Tree Lighting, which is a large celebration that includes, the lighting of a large tree on the corner of Bellevue and Central Avenue, Christmas carolers, a music show, carriage rides, a live nativity and the arrival of Santa. During these events the downtown stores are open late.
On the third Thursday of every month, the downtown host the "Third Thursday Events", with a different theme each month. Stores offer discounts, and people perform on the street.
The downtown was one of the finalist for the Great American Main Street Award in 2013. The award recognizes three communities each year for their successful revitalization efforts, based on documented economic impact, small-business development, historic preservation, volunteer involvement, public/private cooperation and success over time.
In 1949, Hammonton was the winner of the Little League World Series, after finishing third in the tournament in both 1947 and 1948. The Hammonton team was the first official team located outside of Pennsylvania.
In November 2014, in a study conducted by CreditDonkey.com, Hammonton was ranked second-happiest city in New Jersey. The ranking was based on restaurants, crime rate, commute, departure time, income, divorce rate, and housing.
Wineries and alcohol consumption
On June 7, 2013, the Eagle Theatre in Hammonton became the first theater in New Jersey to sell alcoholic beverages and allow spectators to drink wine during the show. Under an arrangement reached under the authority of the New Jersey Division of Alcoholic Beverage Control, Sharrott Winery will be able to sell patrons bottles of wine that can be consumed during shows at the theater.
Hammonton made a cameo appearance in the first two episodes of the HBO series Boardwalk Empire, with a scene towards the end of both episodes showing the town sign "Welcome to Hammonton, The Blueberry Capital of the World".
The Fox TV show American Idol aired its first episode of its 12th season in January 2013 with a performance by Sarah Restuccio, a seventeen-year-old girl from Hammonton. The judges enjoyed her rendition of "Mama's Song" by Carrie Underwood, but she impressed them when they asked her to sing something else and she rapped "Super Bass" by Nicki Minaj. The show featured a short clip about Sarah's life, which included showing her everyday life in Hammonton.
In October 2013 the MTV reality show True Life, featured the episode "True Life Presents: My Dad Is A Bro" about a girl in her twenties and her father in his fifties, who both party. The episode takes place throughout Hammonton.
In the summer of 2013, scenes from the independent film The Honour were filmed in Hammonton.
In May 2015, a commercial for the male clothing brand, Chubbies Shorts, was filmed on South Second Street in Hammonton.
People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Hammonton include:
- Tyler Bellamy (born 1988), soccer player.
- Jill Biden (born 1951), educator and the wife of Vice President Joe Biden.
- Ray Blanchard (born 1945), sexologist.
- Anthony Durante (1967-2003), professional wrestler.
- Ace Enders (born 1982), musician.
- Lindsey Giannini (born 1994), Miss New Jersey 2015.
- Marie Howland (1836-1921), feminist writer.
- Johnnie O. Jackson (born 1971), professional bodybuilder and powerlifter.
- Nelson Johnson (born 1948), former Atlantic County Superior Court Judge and author of Boardwalk Empire: The Birth, High Times, and Corruption of Atlantic City, a chapter of which about Enoch L. "Nucky" Johnson - "Atlantic City's Godfather" - became the basis for the series Boardwalk Empire.
- Margaret Mead (1901-1978), cultural anthropologist who did some of her first research in Hammonton.
- Victor Moore (1876-1962), actor.
- George Washington Nicholson (1832–1912), landscape painter who retired to Hammonton around 1902 and lived there until his death in 1912.
- Ron Previte, former member of the Philadelphia crime family.
- Gabriella Ricca (born 2002), gymnast won the 2014 USAIGC/IAIGC Gymnastics World Championships in the 12-year-old division's All-Around Champion and Bar Champion.
- Tom Ricca (born 1968), WWE Professional Wrestler, better known by the ring names Tony Ricca and The Pharaoh.
- Andrew Rider (1866-1898), founder of Rider University, who lived and was buried in Hammonton.
- Nicodemo Scarfo (born 1929), member of the American Mafia who was Boss of the Philadelphia crime family, he spent summers working in Hammonton as blueberry picker.
- Tony Siscone (born 1949), professional race car diver.
- N. Leonard Smith (born 1929), politician.
- Alma Joslyn Whiffen-Barksdale (1916-1981), mycologist who discovered cycloheximide.
- Gary Wolfe (born 1967), professional wrestler.
- The Early November (formed 1999), rock band.
- Urgo, Jacqueline L. "Blueberries get their due", The Philadelphia Inquirer, January 25, 2004. Accessed May 19, 2008. "In this Atlantic County farming community, where crops are king and ancestral connections to the land run deep, they didn't need the state to tell them the blueberry is special. After all, almost everyone in this town of 12,600 - already dubbed the 'Blueberry Capital of the World' - seems to have at least some connection to the berry."
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- Hammonton, N.J., Leads Nation In Per-Capita Italians: South Jersey Town Known As Blueberry Capital Of The World, NBC10, June 5, 2002. Source shows 54% of population is of Italian ancestry, but provides no primary source for data.
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- Schools, Towns of Hammonton. Accessed June 6, 2016. "Residents from Waterford attend grades 7 through 12. Residents of Folsom and Collings Lakes attend the Hammonton High School in grades 9 through 12 at a brand-new high school on a 118-acre campus."
- Puko, Timothy. "Sending Towns Feeling Pinched by Hammonton", The Press of Atlantic City, March 13, 2007. Accessed September 15, 2014. "The two school districts that send students to Hammonton are disputing tuition adjustments that would allow Hammonton School District to avoid a tax hike this year but cause large tax hikes in the sending districts. The school budgets for Hammonton and its sending districts Waterford and Folsom could hang in limbo well past next month's school board elections, and Waterford and Folsom could be left with budget fights and massive cuts, sending district superintendents said."
- Arnold, Stephanie L. "Hammonton Board Decides To Accept Waterford Students More Money For An Improved Curriculum Is Expected Once The 800 Junior And Senior High Pupils Arrive.", The Philadelphia Inquirer, March 25, 1999. Accessed September 15, 2014. "The school board has been mulling the issue since the Waterford Board of Education, in Camden County, decided in September that it wanted to send its 800 junior high and high school students to the Atlantic County school district. Last year, five of seven towns that make up the Lower Camden County Regional School District voted to dissolve it within three years, leaving each town responsible for educating its students."
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- DiUlio, Nick. "NJ's Most Italian TownIt started with a single Sicilian farmer in 1863. Now Hammonton has the highest percentage of Italians in the Garden State.", New Jersey Monthly, January 17, 2012. Accessed May 29, 2013. "But the standout event on the calendar is the annual Italian Festival sponsored by the Our Lady of Mount Carmel Society. What began in 1875 as a traditional Roman Catholic two-mile long procession of saints has evolved into the longest running Italian festival in the country, with a weeklong carnival and festivities erupting every July.... The town is home to three celebrated South Jersey vineyards: Plagido's Winery, DiMatteo Vineyards and Tomasello Winery, which was started by one of the town's oldest Italian families and has been making wine for almost 80 years."
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- Longest Line of Cakes, Guinness World Records. Accessed June 14, 2013. "The longest line of cakes measured 571.5 m (1,875 ft) and was achieved by Ricca's Italian Bakery (USA) in Hammonton, on 24 July 2011."
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- Post, Michelle Brunetti. "Wine sales planned at Hammonton's Eagle Theatre", The Press of Atlantic City, June 5, 2013, updated June 6, 2013. Accessed June 14, 2013. "Starting Friday night, audience members at The Eagle Theatre will be able to enjoy a glass of wine before and during shows. Sharrott Winery, located just over the border from Hammonton in Winslow Township, has gotten permission from the state Division of Alcoholic Beverage Control to sell half and full bottles of wine at the theater.... It is the first such agreement in New Jersey, said Eagle Theatre President Jim Donio."
- Nash, Margo. "The Devil You Think You Know", The New York Times, October 13, 2002. Accessed August 4, 2013. "Most of the film, made by Painted Zebra Productions, was shot at Wharton State Forest, Historic Batsto Village and Hammonton in the Pine Barrens. Its stars include Cliff Robertson, Robert Guillaume, Christopher Atkins, Lesley-Anne Down and Michelle Maryk."
- Anders, Charlie Jane. "One of Ben Edlund's Finest Hours: The Secret History of Supernatural's Deadly Turducken Slammers", io9, November 30, 2012. Accessed August 1, 2016. "'How to Win Friends and Influence Monsters' Something is eating campers in Hammonton, New Jersey – could it be the Jersey Devil?"
- Procida, Lee. "Hammonton welcomes Boardwalk Empire sign", The Press of Atlantic City, April 29, 2011. Accessed October 22, 2012. "In the first episode of "Boardwalk Empire," an ill-fated group of bootleggers passes by a wooden sign that reads 'Welcome to Hammonton, The Blueberry Capital of the World.'"
- "Season 12 Road to Hollywood: Sarah Restuccio", American Idol, backed up by the Internet Archive as of January 22, 2013. Accessed September 15, 2014. "Sarah Restuccio auditioned for American Idol in honor of a friend that had passed away. Discover more about this Hammonton, NJ resident."
- Jackson, Vincent. "Hammonton teen cut from 'American Idol'", The Press of Atlantic City, February 13, 2013. Accessed September 15, 2014.
- "True Life Presents: My Dad Is A Bro", MTV. Accessed December 9, 2013.
- Staff. "Indie Film, The Honour, Shot in Hammonton", Courier-Post, August 2, 2013. Accessed December 9, 2013. "Daria Berenato (left) of Hammonton and Christina Heath of Hamilton film a scene in their upcoming indie film called The Honour. The LGBT film was shot in Hammonton and other places around South Jersey."
- Post, Michelle Brunetti. "Film shoot transports Hammonton back to the 1980s", The Press of Atlantic City ,May 18, 2015. Accessed August 31, 2015. "The big dance number, which shut down Second Street between Bellevue Avenue and Vine Street, is part of a short film the Hammonton company is doing for California-based Chubbies Shorts."
- #2 Tyler Bellamy, Defender, Rochester Rhinos. Accessed August 4, 2013. "Hometown: Hammonton, NJ"
- LaBan, Craig. "Blueberries to tacos: South Jersey town's shift de cuisine", The Philadelphia Inquirer, September 28, 2012. Accessed October 22, 2012. "It's the birthplace of the vice president's wife, Jill Biden, not to mention the hometown of pro wrestler Gary 'The Pitbull' Wolfe."
- Ray Blanchard, Ph.D., Professor of Psychiatry, University of Toronto. Accessed June 25, 2012.
- Woodward, Buck. "THIS DAY IN HISTORY: JEFF HARDY WINS THE WORLD TITLE, UNDERTAKER & AUSTIN WIN TAG GOLD, THESZ VS. MASCARAS AND MORE", PWInsider.com, July 26, 2010. Accessed August 4, 2013. "1967 - Anthony Durante is born in Hammonton, New Jersey."
- Jackson, Vincent. "Making a new start; Hammonton's Ace Enders has a new disc, a new band and is looking to write a new chapter in his music career", The Press of Atlantic City, February 11, 2009. Accessed August 4, 2013. "Enders, of Hammonton, had beaten the odds. Not only was he making a living playing his music, he and his four-piece band had just released its second album, 'The Mother, The Mechanic, and the Path.'"
- Pistone, Stephen. "Meet Hammonton's own Lindsey Giannini, Miss New Jersey 2015", NJ.com, July 24, 2015. Accessed August 31, 2015.
- Trahair, R. C. S. Utopias and Utopians: An Historical Dictionary, p. 192. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. ISBN 0313294658. Accessed August 4, 2013.
- Johnnie Jackson, Flex. Accessed August 4, 2013. "Place of Birth: Hammonton, NJ"
- Kinney, Josh. "How 'Boardwalk Empire' Found Nelson Johnson", Atlantic City Weekly, January 16, 2012. Accessed December 9, 2013.
- Clark, Michael. "Author Nelson Johnson strikes gold with infamous Atlantic City characters", The Press of Atlantic City, August 14, 2010. Accessed June 14, 2013. "A native of Hammonton, Johnson got his first taste of politics when he was elected as a Democrat to Atlantic County's Board of Chosen Freeholders in 1975, where he served until 1980.
- Strauss, Robert. "Atlantic City's Godfather: A Q&A with Judge Nelson Johnson, whose book—Boardwalk Empire: The Birth, High Times, and Corruption of Atlantic City—was made into an HBO miniseries", New Jersey Monthly, August 16, 2010. Accessed December 9, 2013. "He still commutes from rural Hammonton—where he grew up—to his Atlantic City courtroom. We spoke with Johnson—no relation to Nucky—about his fascination with all things Atlantic City."
- Margaret Mead, American National Biography. Accessed December 26, 2013. "Before Margaret Mead reached her teens, she accompanied her mother on field trips to Hammonton, New Jersey, where Emily Mead was engaged in sociological research among Italian immigrants."
- Funke, Lewis B. "Victor Moore, or Forty Years a Timid Man; The comedian, even off-stage, is shy and has the air of one who is always baffled.", The New York Times, January 6, 1946. Accessed June 25, 2008.
- George Washington Nicholson, Art & Architecture of New Jersey. Accessed May 6, 2008.
- Anastasia, George. "Police: Hammonton Raids Broke Up A Betting Ring", The Philadelphia Inquirer, December 17, 1996. Accessed November 18, 2013. "Sources said yesterday the bookmaking ring was part of a broader gambling and loan-sharking operation controlled by reputed mob figure Ron Previte of Hammonton."
- McAleer, Pete. "Hammonton mob informant misses life left behind", copy of article from The Press of Atlantic City, June 14, 2004. Accessed November 18, 2013. "Ron Previte, who once ran Hammonton's underworld from the booth of a diner on the White Horse Pike, is not quite sure what to do with himself these days."
- Steckler, Jared. "Hammonton girl adjusts, wins gymnastics title", Courier-Post, July 28, 2014. Accessed March 28, 2016. "Just ask Gabriella Ricca.When the Hammonton native was looking for a way to smooth out her back handspring on the beam, she went online in search of a video to help her routine."
- Steckler, Jared. "Hammonton girl adjusts, wins gymnastics title", Courier-Post, July 28, 2014. Accessed September 15, 2014. "'Grace under pressure,' Tom assured her, speaking from personal experience as a former professional wrestler from the WWE and WWF Superstars of Wrestling, perhaps better known by his ring names Tony Ricca or The Pharaoh."
- Community Advisory Board, Rider University. Accessed April 7, 2015. "Rider University's founder and first president Andrew Rider and his wife Ida Rider resided in Hammonton and are buried there."
- Bender, William. "Phil Leonetti's tell-all book shows he's crazy like a fox", The Philadelphia Inquirer, December 12, 2012. Accessed March 28, 2016. "Scarfo went from a boy picking blueberries in Hammonton to a paranoid despot who Leonetti says wanted to slit his own wife's throat."
- Staff. "HAMMONTON'S SISCONE PURSUING SAFETY DRIVE", The Press of Atlantic City, July 11, 1989. Accessed July 8, 2013. "A popular school teacher, a successful businessman and an outstanding race driver, Tony Siscone may be one of Hammonton's more renowned citizens."
- N. Leonard Smith, Vote-USA.org. Accessed October 7, 2007.
- Alma Whiffen Barksdale Records, New York Botanical Garden. Accessed January 25, 2013. "Alma Whiffen Barksdale (1916-1981) was born in Hammonton, New Jersey, 25 October 1916."
- La Gorce, Tammy. "Finding Emo", The New York Times, August 14, 2005. Accessed October 22, 2007. "Richard Reines, who owns Drive-Thru Records, which is based in the San Fernando Valley in California, believes in the New Jersey scene; Drive-Thru's roster includes Hidden in Plain View from Stanhope and the Early November from Hammonton."
- Staff. "ITALIAN HERITAGE ON PARADE", The Press of Atlantic City, August 25, 2008. Accessed May 15, 2012. "Residents stepped out Saturday, formalizing their 'sister city' relationship between San Gregorio da Sassola, Italy, and Hammonton, which brands itself as the most Italian town in the United States."
- Hammonton Town website
- Hammonton Public Schools
- Hammonton Public Schools's 2014–15 School Report Card from the New Jersey Department of Education
- Data for the Hammonton Public Schools, National Center for Education Statistics
- Hammonton Lions Club
- Hammonton United Services Association
- Hammonton Area Ministerium
- MainStreet Hammonton
- St. Joseph Regional High School
- Hammonton First
- Hammonton Republican Club
- Hammonton Democratic Club
- The Hammonton Gazette - Hammonton's local newspaper. The print edition is published on Wednesdays. Website updated weekly with selected content from print edition.
- The Hammonton News - The print edition is published on Wednesdays. Website updated Wednesday mornings, with full stories from paper edition.
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|Folsom||Hamilton Township||Mullica Township| | <urn:uuid:e870a1fd-1bb2-4d82-94c8-27797f35aa4c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammonton,_New_Jersey | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00543-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.928872 | 12,337 | 1.742188 | 2 |
1 Answer | Add Yours
The circumstances that led to the release of Barabbas start in Luke 22. There, Jesus is arrested and questioned by the leaders of the Jewish community. They ask him if he claims to be the Son of God. When he answers “You say that I am,” they take that to show that he is claiming that he is.
Therefore, they lead him off (in Luke 23) to the Roman governor, Pilate. Pilate sees no reason under Roman law to charge Jesus and sends him to Herod. Herod also declines to prosecute Jesus. However, the crowd of Jewish leaders and people is insistent. They feel that Jesus has committed blasphemy against their religion. Therefore, they want him dead. When Pilate says that he will release Jesus, they cry for Barabbas to be released instead. When the crowd repeatedly insists on this, Pilate gives in to them and releases Barabbas.
We’ve answered 319,189 questions. We can answer yours, too.Ask a question | <urn:uuid:c14192a0-1654-4376-9a21-c80238e32058> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-were-circumstances-that-led-release-barabbas-378670 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00030-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.979209 | 214 | 3.4375 | 3 |
Do you have stressful days? Learn how to de-stress by relaxing and practicing poses that enhance your body's immune system. Janette Wiseman, RYT/ACE, begins each class with a relaxation session. During this time, you will notice a calming of the nerves, muscles releasing, and a deepening in breath. Slowly the students enter into the physical practice phase of stretching, balancing and strengthening. Please bring a mat, blanket and wear comfortable clothes. | <urn:uuid:8405fde6-dc83-4592-aaa1-9349636f9285> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.active.com/marysville-wa/yoga-for-relaxation-2013 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00287-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.93462 | 93 | 1.546875 | 2 |
Make Taxes Visible
Here is an idea that should receive support from just about everyone: the taxpayer savings account (TSA). Instead of the current withholding system, amounts withheld from your paycheck would go into a segregated account that you own. Interest that accumulates would be yours to keep, instead of accruing to your employer or the government.
The balance not needed for taxes would grow tax-free for your retirement or could be withdrawn tax-free for your personal consumption. Income taxes you owe would only be paid when they are due - on April 15. Social Security and other federal payroll taxes could also be put in the account, and remitted quarterly to the government.
Excess Tax Payments Are Interest-Free Loans to the Government. Under the current system, employers deposit employees' taxes in an interest bearing account until they are required to forward it the Treasury - monthly or semiweekly. While money is held in these accounts for a short period of time, the balance is constantly replenished as employees work and incur additional tax liabilities. Thus, in the course of a year, employers can earn a significant amount of interest income on income tax withholding. Employers also hold payroll taxes in these accounts prior to transferring the money to the federal government.
The tax payments forwarded to the federal government by employers are put in interest-bearing accounts at commercial banks throughout the country until needed, earning hundreds of millions of dollars in interest income for the federal government each year. In 2003, banks processed $1.58 trillion in tax payments held in these accounts.
Tax Refunds: Heads the Government Wins; Tails, You Lose. Refunds to tax filers have more than doubled over the past 10 years, from $159 billion in 2000 to $333 billion in 2009. [See the figure.] Some taxpayers, particularly low-income workers who find it difficult to save, purposely over withhold in order to increase the size of their refund. Taxpayers also over withhold so they will not owe additional tax or penalty when they file their return.
While the government doesn't pay interest on excess tax payments, it does charge interest and penalties on the balance of taxes owed. If the amount of the deficiency is substantial, the taxpayer may be subject to "back-up" withholding in future years. This often means over-withholding to ensure that the government is paid. However, the average refund amount is relatively small. The average refund for 2006, for example, was $2,224 - including refundable tax credits paid to people with no income tax liability.
Many Tax Filers Pay to Receive a Refund. Many taxpayers pay for the privilege of getting back their excess tax payments. Tax filers who qualify for a refund often pay exorbitant implicit interest rates to receive refund anticipation loans (RALs) from such tax preparers as H&R Block. According to a 2008 Government Accountability Office Report:
- In 2005, 9.6 million taxpayers applied for RALs totaling $28.7 billion.
- The total interest and fees charged by sample of tax preparers visited by GAO investigators amounted to annual percentage rates ranging from 36 percent to more than 500 percent.
Taxpayers pay the fees and interest but receive a refund check just a few weeks or days before they would if they filed their returns electronically and had their refund check deposited electronically. Further, if the refund amount calculated is based on inaccurate information from the taxpayer, the individual is liable for the unpaid tax, with whatever penalties and interest the IRS adds.
Taxpayer Savings Accounts. The current withholding system distorts individual perception of tax liability. Your money is automatically whisked away from each paycheck, and most folks receive only their "take-home" pay. Then, when their final tax liability is computed, they rejoice when they receive their tax "refund," which is simply the excess of taxes they paid throughout the year. Of course, they can envision their tax liability from their return. But the psychological impact is distorted by the "refund" process.
Imagine a country where each taxpayer has a Taxpayer Savings Account. It could earn a modest return. The taxpayer could see that the TSA contains his/her money. If the taxpayer does qualify for a refund, it could be direct-deposited into the account. Because the refund has already been taxed (along with any additional funds in the account) the TSA functions like a Roth retirement account - the balance in the account and cumulative interest earned would never be taxed again!
What's Good for the Geese. Every April 15, when an individual's tax payment is due, he/she would likely have to transfer the bulk of the deposits made the previous year to the government instead. This would cause the taxpayer's attention to shift dramatically from what he gets back from the government (a refund) to what the government costs him.
The current system obfuscates how much government costs. Jean-Baptiste Colbert, the French minister of finance in the late 1700s, famously quipped: "The art of taxation consists in so plucking the goose as to obtain the largest amount of feathers with the least possible amount of hissing." And so it is.
The current tax withholding and quarterly tax payment system was enacted as a "temporary" war measure during World War II. Soon it became clear that withholding made paying taxes less painful. The pain of a single, large transfer of money was ameliorated by plucking on the installment plan. This procedure dulls the average taxpayer to the cost of government.
Think how much better it would be for democratic decision-making if taxpayers were made clearly aware of how much government costs them.
Michael Whalen is the policy chairman of the National Center for Policy Analysis and the president and chief executive of Heart of America Restaurants & Inns. | <urn:uuid:5eaea794-378e-4f2b-9fad-68b71018077c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ncpa.org/pub/ba733 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00029-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970143 | 1,186 | 2 | 2 |
As temperatures dip into the teens at night in the Portland area, homeless men, women, and children without shelter are at a much-increased risk of hypothermia, frost bite, even death.
It’s terrible. You’re freezing. One night I just about froze my feet off. Fortunately someone told me about a warming center that had just opened up. I got lucky. ~George
To combat the cold weather this week, we are doing everything we can to keep these people safe. We’ve added additional severe weather beds at our Burnside Shelter to bring our nightly shelter count to 174. We are already the largest year-round provider of overnight shelter for the city’s homeless population.
ALSO READ: FOX 12 OREGON – “ARCTIC BLAST PROMPTS SEVERE WEATHER SHELTERS TO OPEN”
We are also opening a warming center downtown that will be available Wednesday through Friday this week to anyone in need of refuge from the frigid cold weather. Homeless friends will be able to come in and stay warm while we engage in conversation with them, play movies, and offer snacks. All services are provided free of charge, supported entirely by friends like you.
Sleeping when it’s freezing outside hurts. It’s just so…cold. You don’t sleep. You get scared not knowing if you’re going to get stabbed or kicked or have your stuff stolen. ~Vinson
“During the winter months, shelter is essential to the survival of homeless people. The demand for emergency shelter beds in Portland continues to grow, but there are not enough beds for the people who need them,” says Executive Director Eric Bauer. “We continue to do everything possible with our limited space to meet this growing need.”
I was homeless last year. I would drink just because it helped me tolerate being freezing cold. You can’t sleep at all. One time the Mission ran out of blankets and couldn’t give me one. It’s terrible to not even have a blanket. ~Patrick
In addition to providing shelter and a warming center this week for people to get inside during the day, we also offer warm clothing and hot meals every single day of the year. We supply thousands of cold weather items to homeless people throughout the winter, and as temperatures plummet, so does our supply of blankets, socks, underwear, gloves, and jeans. Your generous donations of blankets, socks, gloves, jeans, jackets, and other warm apparel help our donation bins stocked for people who desperately need to stay warm.
The best place I found for warmth, clothing, food and information was right here at Portland Rescue Mission. I felt comfortable and safe. I could warm up and get out of the rain. ~Larry
You can help by donating new or gently used items to our Burnside Shelter (111 W. Burnside St) or to Shepherd’s Door (13207 NE Halsey St). Thank you for partnering with us during this extremely cold week – and all year round – to help give hope to our hurting, homeless friends on the streets of Portland. | <urn:uuid:947681a4-005f-4fde-adc7-3b01651c29c3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pdxcares.org/news/uncategorized/freezing-temperatures-threaten-portland-homeless/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.946344 | 658 | 1.5 | 2 |
In this article you will learn how to import existing subtitles in case you're using Limecraft to translate subtitles or to render subtitles.
To open the Subtitle Editor, click on the speech bubble in the toolbar to open up the below window.
Indicate the primary language of the existing subtitles and use the option "OPEN an existing SRT/STL subtitle file".
If there are Subtitle Presets defined for your production, choose the one that you want to use. This will define the styling and timing rules for your subtitles. You can read more about the configurations in this article about Subtitle Presets).
Once you click on 'Open SRT/STL', a dialog will pop up by which you can select an existing file that contains subtitles. | <urn:uuid:f05ca871-fb8c-44d6-8ac4-d52a1e60feda> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://support.limecraft.com/support/solutions/articles/48001141342-importing-an-existing-subtitle-template | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00675.warc.gz | en | 0.82527 | 156 | 1.578125 | 2 |
H&M is an international clothing company with over 1,800 stores that occupies 34 countries, including a newly opened store here in Florence. Its philosophy is to bring the “best fashion and quality at the best price”. They carry women, men, teens and children clothing. To make sure the quality that their merchandise is up to standards, they run about half a million quality and safety tests a year.
Every city I have traveled to, I have noticed that they have an H&M. I never knew that this store was so international until I came here. After I researched it, I learned that this store was started in 1947 in Sweden and has been growing every since. Its flagship store is in London. H&M actually stands for Hennes & Mauritz. H&M has about 169 in the United States alone, ten of which are all in Manhattan. They have made themselves well-known by providing inexpensive designer clothes by people such as, Karl Lagerfeld, Stella McCartney, Matthew Williamson, and Jimmy Choo. According to Forbes, H&M is worth $11 billion and is the 66th most recognized brand in the world.
H&M’s corporate responsibility is to offer its customers fashion and quality at the best price. Quality is making sure that their customers are satisfied with them as a company, not just meeting their expectations. It is their responsibility to exceed the expectations. There are over 73,000 employees that work for H&M and none of these workers are violating the child labor laws and all of them are being paid minimum wage and higher. They are strictly against sweatshops. In fact, they are involved in a “All For Children” campaign that a project between them and UNICEF which aims to protect children’s right’s in cotton producing areas in Tamil Nadu, India, | <urn:uuid:34587aaa-d6b9-4592-a01e-31cb0d3d7c78> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://tortora.wordpress.com/2009/11/17/hm-organizational-structure/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00317-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.983174 | 378 | 1.820313 | 2 |
Located in the territory of Heping Town, the southeast of Longsheng County, Guilin City, Guangxi, there is a large-scale terrace group, like chain like belt, winding from foot to the top of the mountain; small hill as winkle, big mountain as tower, of which, layer upon layer, scattered high and low. Their lines are compared to the flowing clouds and running water, unrestrained and smooth; their majestic scale is spectacular and magnificent, which earns a reputation of "The Crown of World's Terrace". It is Longji Terrace. Longji Terrace is 27 kilometers away from Longsheng County (about one hour drive) and 80 kilometers from Guilin City. The tourism area has a total of 66 square kilometers and its location altitude ranges from 300 meters to 1100 meters. The slope gradient concentrates on between 26—35 degree, among which the biggest one is 50 degree. Though the terrace is very common in the mountain area of Southern China, the scale of Longji Terrace as such is truly rare. Longji Terrace is started building in Yuan Dynasty and finished in the early age of Qing Dynasty which has been more than 650 years long up to the date. 'LongJi International Youth Hostel' was built in 2004, located in Ping'an village which has 700 up population having a same family name “Liao” and is of Zhuang nationality. Join us! Here you can always have an unexpected pleasure. Getting to the hostel: 100km from Guilin International Airport. No direct bus but hostel can arrange shuttle bus. Direct bus from Guiin railway station (book seat a day in advance). Tel: 15877000343 13877350504 Longji Youth Hostel is located on the middle of the Ping'an village.we are 15-20 minutes walk from the ticket examination office.After you pass the ticket examination gate go along the road and turn right at the first turning and then still walk along the road till you see the hostel in front of you.From the hostel walk to the magnificent scenery of terraces like"seven stars and moon" and "nine dragons or five horses"just cost 25 minutes.
- Geolocation longitude : 110.08703
- Geolocation latitude : 25.766788
- Address line : Ping'An Village (Long ji Terraces), Longsheng, 541701, China | <urn:uuid:8b715b11-3d34-4836-9f29-1287e5afd0e9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hihostels.com/hostels/longsheng-longji-international-yh/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570793.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808092125-20220808122125-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.93704 | 504 | 1.773438 | 2 |
Lunar landings? Made in Hollywood. Smoking causes cancer? No way. And as for climate change, better not ask.
Or rather, better not study - at least if the case of a Swiss-based journal is any guide.
Climate change academics say the decision by a publisher to retract their paper examining the links between conspiracy theorists and denial of global warming because of legal threats could have a “chilling effect” on research.
Frontiers in Psychology last month retracted the paper, Recursive fury: Conspiracist ideation in the blogosphere in response to research on conspiracist ideation “in light of a small number of complaints”, the journal said on its website.
A year-long investigation “did not identify any issues with the academic and ethical aspects of the study,” it said. However, the probe found “the legal context (to be) insufficiently clear”.
The paper, though, is being carried by the website of the University of Western Australia (UWA), where one of its authors, cognitive scientist Stephan Lewandowsky, was based.
“Sadly, it has turned into a routine for outsiders with no scientific standing to approach, bully, or intimidate journals, editors, and academics,” said Professor Lewandowsky, now at the UK’s University of Bristol.
One person commenting on the Frontiers’ website asked for the ‘‘full details of the investigation,’’ saying the paper had been ‘‘derogatory and insulting’’ by naming people as conspiracy theorists who were ‘‘merely pointing out errors in the previous paper’’.
According to Graham Readfearn of DeSmogblog.com, the legal threats were that the paper was defamatory.
The genesis of the rejected paper was a 4000-word paper in Psychological Science in 2012 by Professor Lewandowsky and co-authors that explored the links between an endorsement of free-market economics and a rejection of climate change science.
Support for free markets was also a predictor of rejection of mainstream science in other fields, such the link between smoking and cancer, the authors wrote.
It means that if a paper is published that the climate deniers don't like the look of, they can bombard the journal with complaints or threats
Endorsement of a range of conspiracy theories, such as a belief NASA faked the moon landing in a Hollywood studio or that the FBI had killed US civil rights campaigner Martin Luther King Jr., also predicted a climate change denial stance.
Professor Lewandowsky and co-authors then studied how internet bloggers reacted to their initial work, producing the Recursive Fury paper that Frontiers published in February 2013 and has now retracted.
“The extent and vehemence of contrarian activity provided a particularly informative testbed for an analysis of how conspiracist ideation contributes to the rejection of science among web denizens,” the authors wrote.
Responses took several paths: opponents objected to UWA alleging misconduct by Professor Lewandowsky; requests for freedom of information were submitted seeking emails and documents; findings were re-analysed to show the facts did not exist; and several theories began circulating “with arguably conspiracist content”, the researchers said.
Two typical conspiracist attributes emerged: an immutable belief that “something must be wrong” and that the authors were engaged in intentional malfeasance”, they wrote.
‘Bombard’ the journal
John Cook, a researcher at the University of Queensland and a co-author of the second paper, said the Frontiers’ decision to retract the work might have a “chilling effect” on research.
“It means that if a paper is published that the climate deniers don’t like the look of, they can bombard the journal with complaints or threats,” Mr Cook said.
“Knowing they have had success once might embolden them to try to retreat the strategy again.” (Mr Cook also helms the Skeptical Science website.)
Kim Heitman, a lawyer for the UWA, said the university had done its own risk analysis before publishing the paper online. “There’s no reason to take it down,” Mr Heitman said.
The university had also received complaints from some groups. “It’s quite relentless,” he said.
“There’s always a close interest in everything that Steve (Lewandowsky) does,” Mr Heitman said. “We are conscious that we are going to be targeted by people opposed to his works.”
The university, though, had also received plaudits from around the world for its decision to publish the paper.
"I couldn't list them," Mr Heitman said. "And I wouldn't list them, having regard to the fact that anyone who issues a 'thanks UWA' will probably get their own enquiry."
Elaine McKewon, one of the retracted paper's three independent reviewers, said Frontiers had been "spineless" in its response to complaints.
"They caved in at the first pushback from the climate change denial community," Ms McKewon said.
"To retract a paper is just the most extreme action that a journal can take, and it was thoroughly unwarranted in this decision," she said. "It was really quite breathtaking."
Ms McKewon, a research associate at the University of Technology Sydney's Centre for Independent Journalism, said she would "absolutely not" review for the journal in the future.
"You don't behave like this and expect people to want to publish in your journal," she said.
Ms McKewon also published an account of the paper's retraction on The Conversation website. | <urn:uuid:c7127f7c-25ed-4d63-ae80-75e97273d84a> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.canberratimes.com.au/environment/climate-change/conspiracist-climate-change-study-withdrawn-amid-legal-threats-20140401-35xao | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719136.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00467-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969159 | 1,218 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Suomispam is a reputation database for IP addresses deemed likely to send spam in the Finnish language.
Large global blacklists do not always have a good coverage of smaller countries and linguistic areas. That coupled with increasing levels of Finnish spam have created the need to improve collection and distribution of reputation data about the senders of Finnish spam.
Note that Suomispam by itself does not block email or operate a database of personal data. It only provides a list of IP addresses that we consider probable sources of Finnish spam. Operators of mail servers may or may not use that information to block the actual messages.
We consider spam to mean UBE, i.e. unsolicited bulk email. If the message was unsolicited and bulk email, it is spam. It is not relevant to this definition wether the sender is breaking an actual law in his/her country.
Note that if the recipient is a named person (even if in someone's employment), unsolicited spam is illegal in Finland most of the time.
We often notify the operator of the network about spam causing the listing, but that may skipped if we feel they likely do not care.
The plan is to start sending explicit notifications of Suomispam listings to registered abuse addresses in the future, but currently such explicit notifications may or may not be sent.
The type of sending host is estimated before a listing. If the sending host is deemed suspicious and/or spam focused, the listing may be immediate. If the sending host is a shared mail server with likely significant non-spam-related use, we give the operator some time to fix the problem.
If an operator is known to support spam or if they have previous listings, we reserve the right to list addresses immediately.
Neighboring IP addresses may be listed if they appear to be related to the primary listed IP address and likely sources of similar spam.
We treat IPv4 and IPv6 addresses the same.
A host is placed on the secondary gl.suomispam.net gray list if the host is a source of significant (compared to amounts of spam) non-spam email that would be unduly harmed by the main list. This would typically include outbound mail servers of major isp's if they refuse to terminate spamming customers. The purpose of the secondary list is to aid in spam scoring and should only be used in conjunction with other scoring criteria.
IP addresses will be delisted once we believe the spam problem has been dealt with. Usually a notification by the operator about clearing the problem is sufficient. Egregious cases of spam may require proof that the flow of spam has actually stopped. If the operator continues to provide support services (such as webhosting) for the spammer, delisting might be delayed as a safety precaution.
Old listings may be rechecked every now and then and delisted if they no longer seem to be likely sources of spam.
We believe that currently all listings have to do with spam that in addition to being UBE is also illegal in Finland. We reserve the right to list even legal spam senders if that were to become a major problem in the future. So far we have not found need for that since legal Finnish spam is practically nonexistent at the moment.
Especially using a bought address list is practically illegal. To our knowledge there are no Finnish email address lists available that would be legal to use for direct marketing as is.
Note: this is not legal advice and we urge you to consult your attorney for any legal advice. In the end the courts are the final test for ruling if something is illegal or not. With spam the process can take several years and therefore we do not bind ourselves to that but instead use our own judgment to provide reputation data of UBE instead of legal verdicts.
A typical Finnish spam violates one or more of these conditions:
SVTL forbids spam without prior permission or customer relationship to natural persons. Sending marketing to a company is permitted if the company has not forbidden it and if all other requirements are met.
The act requires that the sender always provide clear instructions on how to forbid further direct marketing. The messages have to contain the identity and contact information of the sending party. The messages also have to be clearly recognizable as direct marketing.
Note that 29 § explicitly allows operators to filter all direct marketing, even if sent legally.
If the sender of bulk email has a list of email addresses which contain any names at all (for example email@example.com), the address list forms a register of personal information.
Therefore the sender is legally bound to maintain a description of the register containing the register's owners/maintainers and/or representatives full identity and contact information, description about the purpose of the register, description of the registered persons and information, description of where records are given and if they are transported outside the EU or EEA, and description about how the register is protected.
The description of the register has to be made generally available and in most cases (especially with direct marketing) the description has to be sent to the Data Protection Ombudsman 30 days before starting collecting or using records. So if a company bought a list of email addresses and did not provide a proper description for the authorities 30 days prior, they are in violation.
All messages must contain information identifying the used register (Public registers and Internet is not the name of a valid personal data register) and notification about the register must be sent to people whose information is processed. The operator of the register is in charge of making sure all the data is valid and current. Processing old email addresses is therefore illegal and for example mails hitting spamtraps is a proof of violation.
Operating a register of personal information is a fairly complex task that requires a lot of legal knowledge. Most of the time people who operate or sell email address lists are blatantly in violation of this act. The maximum sentence for a personal register violation is 1 year in jail.
The main list of Suomispam is available for normal light use as a DNSBL. Just point whatever software you use to bl.suomispam.net.
The secondary list containing spam sources with significant non-spam use are listed in they gray list gl.suomispam.net. It should not be used for direct blocking of email, but it is aimed to be useful for scoring likely spam.
In addition to IP listings, we also provide a domain blocklist dbl.suomispam.net. It can be used to check for domains known to be related to spammers / used in spam.
At the moment the only way to contact Suomispam is to send email to firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:93a7ac7e-745f-4c4a-9511-cb71ab4a0eb6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://suomispam.net/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00395-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.932574 | 1,383 | 1.820313 | 2 |
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Women's Aid, the national domestic violence charity, has warned that domestic violence services are in a state of crisis across England today. The charity's Annual Survey reveals shocking gaps in funding and claims that if cuts to domestic violence services do not stop, an entire network of domestic violence providers in England is likely to collapse.
Earlier this year, 155 women and 103 children were turned away from the first refuge they approached. Half of the services asked were running without dedicated funding and, of those, 59% were using their reserves to fund services. A third of services who rely on Local Authority funding experienced budget cuts this year and nearly one in five of them did not know if they would be getting funds from the Local Authority in that financial year despite the fact that the survey was conducted three months into the financial year.
Polly Neate, Chief Executive of Women's Aid said: ‘Specialist gender-specific domestic violence services are reaching a breaking point. Over 1.2 million women were estimated to have experienced domestic violence last year, and two women a week are killed by perpetrators. We cannot afford to lose the services we have spent 40 years building up; we cannot afford to lose the experience of those who work in the sector, and we cannot afford to lose the ties these services have to their communities.
‘The government has an opportunity to significantly reduce the number of women and children hurt and killed by violent partners by ensuring adequate funding for the sector. However, this opportunity must be taken in the immediate future. If it is not, the safety net for women experiencing domestic violence in England will fall through, leaving even more women and children to be harmed and killed by people they should be able to trust.'
The Women's Aid Annual Survey 2013 is here.
"The unrivalled and authoritative source of judicially approved case reports, covering all areas... | <urn:uuid:262fef6a-6d5d-4dd6-a402-1460145597f2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.jordanpublishing.co.uk/practice-areas/family/news_and_comment/Domestic-Violence-services-in-crisis-041213-951 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00565-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.979449 | 387 | 1.851563 | 2 |
Our daughter is bilingual in English and Italian, and some people have asked “how we did it.” There really wasn’t much to it. While I was pregnant, I read the only book I could find on the subject (The Sun is Feminine Amazon UK | US), which happened to be written (in English) by a German linguist married to an Italian. She suggested following the “one parent, one language” rule: each parent should speak only one language (preferably his or her native one) with the child, right from birth, so that the child is able to identify each language with a specific person, and thereby learns to keep the languages separate.
So that’s what we did. For the first 15 months of her life, Ross was mostly in the US, from then on she was mostly in Italy, but, wherever we were, I addressed her only in English, Enrico only in Italian. Enrico and I communicated in English, as a matter of habit – I didn’t speak Italian when I first met him! But when we were with Italian speakers I spoke Italian, and Ross heard me doing it. So by age three she decided that, while she could understand English perfectly well, there was no need for her to go to the effort of speaking it, since it was obvious that everybody understood Italian. I would always speak English to her, and she’d always reply in Italian. Heads would turn on the street as people tried to understand what was going on.
The summer she turned four, we took her on a trip to other parts of Europe, visiting various friends. One couple were English and German, raising their own bilingual kids in Germany. Rossella realized that she had to speak English to be understood by these adults, but for some reason she remained convinced that all children spoke Italian. My friend’s son, the same age, was similarly convinced that all kids must speak German. They struggled for days to communicate, until Ross finally said to him, in great frustration: Ma tu devi parlare inglese! (“But you have to speak English!”)
We didn’t have a TV for the first couple of years we were in Milan; we got one around Ross’ third year so that she could hear more English, on videotape. We got a multistandard VCR so we could watch films imported from the US, and built up an impressive collection of Disney movies. (Fortunately, Enrico and I liked them, too.)
If Ross were growing up in the US, it would probably be difficult to get her to speak Italian. Many American schoolkids don’t value the ability to speak a foreign language, and of course no child wants to be observed doing something uncool or different. But, in Italy, she gets lots of positive reinforcement for being bilingual. When she was in elementary school, her friends’ parents used to say: “Go play with Rossella and learn some English!” And everyone tells her how lucky she is to speak it so well.
We know several other multilingual families, and it’s interesting to observe which language the kids will drop into, depending on environment or what they’re talking about. In one family we know, she’s a multilingual Italian (speaks Italian, English, French, and Spanish fluently), he’s German. Between them they communicate in English, the only language they have in common. He speaks only German to the kids, she only Italian. So they hired an English-speaking nanny, and the kids are trilingual. Another couple are Americans whose kids were born in Italy, attended Italian schools, and spoke English at home. The parents sometimes spoke French as their “secret” language when they wanted the kids not to understand something, which motivated the kids to learn French! (Ross has been taking French in school; many schools offer English and a choice of French or German.)
It’s no longer necessary to maintain linguistic purity for Ross’ sake, so our family language has become an idiosyncratic mix that still causes heads to turn. I was wondering recently why people stare at Ross and me in the subway when we speak English; English speakers are not rare in Milan. Then I realized that they’re probably staring because we’re not speaking pure English; we blend it freely with Italian, especially when talking about activities that take place in Italian, such as riding or school.
Being bilingual has disadvantages. I sometimes realize after the fact that I’ve said or written something that was far too literal a translation from one language or the other. An American friend, who’s been in Italy even longer than I, once said to me: “I’ll make a jump at the new house on my way back.” This sounded weird in a way that I couldn’t immediately put my finger on. Then I realized that she had translated literally the Italian “Faro’ un salto;” Italians use “make a jump” the way English speakers use “stop by.” That’s what she meant and what I, being fluent in both languages, heard. Anyone who wasn’t bilingual in English and Italian would have been thoroughly confused. | <urn:uuid:f1688b47-16bf-4e02-9b36-f55702a3a29d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.beginningwithi.com/2003/06/20/86/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00351-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.983578 | 1,115 | 1.757813 | 2 |
Irish’ is an ethnicity, not a race
Letter to the Editor | Tuesday, March 28, 2006
I find that recent letters decrying the athletic moniker “Fighting Irish” contain factual inaccuracies and suggest that people may have misplaced priorities.
First, I was not aware that the citizens of Ireland (and their descendants) were a distinctive race of humans. Yes, “Fighting Irish” may be perceived as an ethnic slur, but it is not racist. Second, what would these protesters prefer for an athletic nickname? How about the “Athletically Gifted Irish”? Perhaps in years when the teams were not performing well, we could call them the “Athletically Challenged Irish.”
If it’s any reference to Irish that gets them ired (hmmm… I wonder if there’s any connection between ire and Ireland; probably not, but it does make one wonder), then all that’s necessary is to change Irish to something else. How about the “Fighting Student Athletes from the University of Notre Dame”? There’s a catchy name.
In case my point isn’t getting through, consider other athletic nicknames: Fighting Saints, Fighting Quakers and Fighting Bishops. I don’t think anyone seriously considers these ethnic or religious slurs. In fact, there’s something catchy, almost poetic, about the oxymorons. Or do you really believe that “Great Danes” (University of Albany) is an ethnic slur that I should consider offensive to my paternal heritage? After all, Great Dane implies dog, and we all know what dog connotes when applied to a human. Speaking for my maternal side (German-Irish), I am not the least offended by “Fighting Irish.” Perhaps that’s because I recognize “Fighting Irish” for what it is – an athletic nickname that says nothing about people of Irish origin.
Dr. Richard JensenProfessor of BiologySaint Mary’s CollegeMarch 27 | <urn:uuid:3fb883b6-52c4-4e6a-979b-389c20735b53> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://ndsmcobserver.com/2006/03/irish-is-an-ethnicity-not-a-race/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283008.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00088-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952314 | 425 | 1.710938 | 2 |
While Art Deco is still alive and kicking when it comes to desktop publishing and design of various sorts, when combined with effective fonts, it can help create that really eye-catching design project.
Some of the things you should look for when choosing the perfect art deco fonts for your work are stated below.
1) Some of these are popular marquee fonts used on both television and movie posters. Shows like Hercule Poirot employ these fonts to frame opening and closing sequences.
2) Elegant themed fonts are available, labelled as art deco fonts, which are used on a wide variety of fashionable art media, from popular magazines such as Vogue to cosmetics catalogues to movie posters. High on style, with curved lines and attractive proportions.
3) Microsoft Office contains some of these art deco fonts, and these get updated and transmitted across editions.
4) If mystery, detection or crime are the effects that you’re really reaching out to, the best art deco fonts provide these options. Generally italicized and bolded, these fonts mix a professional look with a high-society feel. Ideal for book covers and the like.
5) Some of the marquee fonts available are a mixture of different looks and feels, and target mixed markets, covering publications, menus(such as hotel menus) and even posters for sports teams like the New York Giants!
With customizability and tweaking being an important addition to basic functions, these art deco fonts are bound to fulfil all your design needs. | <urn:uuid:88cfa380-cd2c-4840-88ce-6d9d50c7c13d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.template.net/design-templates/fonts/art-deco-fonts/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00092-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.924492 | 313 | 1.6875 | 2 |
About The Provo Tabernacle
Find the historic Provo Tabernacle. The beautiful Tabernacle was completed in 1898, 51 years after Mormons first settled in the Salt Lake Valley. In 2010, a four-alarm fire took out the whole interior of the building but the historic outer walls remained. The community rallied and by 2016 the Tabernacle was restored. In just 7 weeks, the reinvigorated building received over 800,000 visitors. 800,000 people would be like every citizen of Provo visiting 7 times!The Provo Tabernacle is featured on the A Provo Peak Scavenger Hunt.
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Frequently Asked Questions About The Provo Tabernacle
Below you’ll find the 4 most common questions that users have about the Provo Tabernacle.
Is the Provo Tabernacle kid-friendly?
Most people agree that the Provo Tabernacle is more for adults than kids. Don’t worry, though! There are plenty of other kid-friendly spots in Provo for you to explore like these: Provo Pioneer Village, A Provo Peak Scavenger Hunt, Salt Lake City Public Library, and Moab Museum.
Does the Provo Tabernacle allow dogs?
Unfortunately, the Provo Tabernacle does not allow pets. You’ll have to leave your furry friend at home. However, make sure to checkout these nearby dog friendly spots: Brigham Young Monument, and A Provo Peak Scavenger Hunt.
Is the Provo Tabernacle a good date night spot?
The Provo Tabernacle isn’t a good date night option in Provo, sadly. However, make sure to checkout these spots: .
Do you have to pay for the Provo Tabernacle?
It is not free to visit the Provo Tabernacle, so make sure you bring your wallet! | <urn:uuid:7ac9ebb0-f3ee-4d95-b1e0-a97581f69f37> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.letsroam.com/local/utah/provo/provo-tabernacle | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572192.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815145459-20220815175459-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.914727 | 416 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Interesting story from Rutgers University about an academic librarian who is pursuing a study of what happens to children in popular YouTube videos after their fifteen minutes/seconds of fame have ended.
Child-centric viral videos are turning young stars into internet sensations, but a Rutgers–Camden researcher warns against exploiting the children by cashing in on the fame.
“We just don’t know what kinds of affect this internet fame will have on these children in the future,” says Katie Elson Anderson, a librarian at the Paul Robeson Library on the Rutgers–Camden campus.
Anderson has examined the implications of the YouTube videos for her essay, “Configuring Childhood on the Web,” which is featured as a chapter in the book Portrayals of Children in Popular Culture: Fleeting Images (Lexington Books, 2012).
“Viral videos starring children have become a real phenomenon,” Anderson says. “David After Dentist,” the video in which a father taped his young son dealing with the effects of anesthesia, has been viewed more than 117 million times. “Charlie Bit My Finger,” in which a baby boy bites his big brother, has been seen more than 511 million times.
“I think the early videos — the ones with Charlie and David, for example — were organic,” Anderson says. “People didn’t really know that these videos could become viral. They just posted videos for family. Now, it seems that people are posting videos because they are seeing the fame that can result from it. There’s actually money to be made.” | <urn:uuid:f2fd7da3-04cc-4c28-8043-83b21ecd1949> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://lisnews.org/taxonomy/term/41?page=17 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00372-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969585 | 340 | 2.125 | 2 |
I had access to surfing data from surf-stats.com, a site that collects data for fantasy surfing. It contains average scores for 55 surfers in the 2014 World Surfing League under different conditions: wind, wave size, surf break, weather and more. Scores are continuous, varying from 0 to 20.
This is how the WSL scoring works in more detail:
Events are comprised of rounds and those rounds are made up of heats with anywhere from two to four surfers looking to lock in their two highest scoring waves, both out of a possible 10 points for a possible 20-point heat total. A panel of five judges scores each wave on a scale of one to ten. For every scoring ride, the highest and lowest scores (of the five judges) are discounted and the surfer receives the average of the remaining three scores. There is no limit on the number of waves that will be scored, but the two best scoring waves (each out of a possible 10) are added together to become a surfers heat total (out of a possible 20).
How to visualise the performance of each surfer? One way is to examine correlations between scores in a scatterplot.
The problem with the scatterplots above is obvious: it is messy and there is not a lot of useful information.
A good way to reduce the number of dimensions while still capturing important information in a dataset is to apply Principal Component Analysis (PCA). In R, the function used to create principal components from a data matrix is
# Principal Components Analysis surf.pca <- princomp(surf2, cor = TRUE, scale = TRUE, scores = TRUE) summary(surf.pca)
The number of components created is the same as the number of variables: 22. However the first two components capture 69% of the variance in the data.
Importance of components:
Standard deviation 3.5986606 1.48119937
Proportion of Variance 0.5886527 0.09972507
Cumulative Proportion 0.5886527 0.68837773
We can now plot each surfer on a scatterplot using Component 2 (x axis) and Component 1 (y axis) using
ggplot2. Note how the top surfers, the ones with the most final points at the end of the season like Gabriel Medina and Kelly Slater, are located on the bottom centre of the plot while the lower ranked surfers are spread over the top.
So, what should a surfer do in order to get to the top? For example, Jordy Smith finished in 6th place in 2014 with a total final score of 721.61. What should he focus in the coming season in oder to close the distance between him and Medina (assuming other surfers will have similar performance as past season)? The answer is the loadings of each component.
# analyse factor loadings factor.loading <- cbind(factor1=surf.pca$loadings[,1], factor2=surf.pca$loadings[,2]) print(factor.loading)
variable factor1 factor2
wave1_4ft -0.2374149 0.24349535
wave4_6ft -0.2081297 0.15736879
wave6_8ft -0.2071007 -0.28506647
wave8_10ftplus -0.2112475 -0.32208835
Offshore -0.2254676 -0.15282571
Light -0.1800410 0.01206050
Cross -0.2247514 0.14418875
Onshore -0.2253189 0.17502168
Sunny -0.1923999 -0.10751846
Overcast -0.2367012 0.07289387
Rainy -0.2127804 -0.02572388
Testing -0.2353646 0.02678095
Poor -0.2056338 0.24198318
Good -0.1915139 -0.21389770
Very.Good -0.2285273 -0.19721732
Excellent -0.2078707 -0.35093832
Left -0.2170075 0.06510453
Right -0.2300637 0.30083087
RLD 0.1270319 0.00356751
Point -0.2242095 0.16569986
Beach -0.2300637 0.30083087
Reef -0.2019777 -0.39836895
The immediate benefits are in the most negative variables of each factor, since Medina’s position in the plot is at the bottom and slightly to the left. Jordy Smith should then focus first on improving his score on small waves (1 to 4 ft). Secondly, he should improve his score in heats when the weather is overcast. Other variables that would make Jordy move downards in the plot are: heats during test conditions, right (wave direction) and beach breaks. In regards to component 2, Jordy should also work on improving his score in reef breaks. This would make him move towards the left of the plot.
The R code can be found on my GitHub page. | <urn:uuid:c7137e22-e0f0-4577-9b34-08fea308b82f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thedatagame.com.au/2015/08/31/principal-component-analysis-and-surfers-performance/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00474.warc.gz | en | 0.874273 | 1,131 | 2.46875 | 2 |
Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Legal, Acronyms, Idioms, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia.
1. physical material having form and weight under ordinary conditions; called also substance.
gray matter areas of the nervous system where the nerve fibers are unmyelinated (not enveloped by a myelin sheath); it contains the bodies of the nerve cells. Tissue composed of myelinated fibers is called white matter. The cerebral cortex is entirely composed of gray matter and the cerebellum also contains some deep-seated masses of it. The spinal cord has a central core of gray matter surrounded by white matter; in cross section, its gray matter is shaped approximately like the letter H. Called also substantia grisea and gray substance.
those regions of the brain and spinal cord that are made up primarily of the cell bodies and dendrites of nerve cells rather than myelinated axons.
1. Brownish-gray nerve tissue, especially of the brain and spinal cord, composed of nerve cell bodies and their dendrites and some supportive tissue.
2. Informal Brains; intellect.
the gray nervous tissue found in the cortex of the cerebrum and cerebellum and the core of the spinal cord. It is predominantly composed of neuron cell bodies and unmyelinated axons. The gray color is produced by cytoplasmic elements seen in all cell bodies and processes not covered by whitish myelin. Nuclei in the gray substance of the spinal cord function as centers for all spinal reflexes. Also called gray substance. Compare white matter. See also cerebellum, cerebral cortex, cerebrum, spinal cord, spinal nerves.
gray mat·ter(grā mat'ĕr) [TA]
gray areas of brain and spinal cord made up primarily of cell bodies and dendrites of nerve cells rather than myelinated axons. White matter or substance is the tissue composed primarily of myelinated, or medullated, fibers.
The bodies of the nerve cells are centered in the gray matter. In the brain the gray matter may be external to white matter, e.g. cerebellum, or central to it, e.g. cerebrum. The cerebral cortex is composed of gray matter and there are some deep-seated nuclei too. In the spinal cord there is a central core of gray matter surrounded by white matter. On a cross-section of the spinal cord the gray matter follows the general pattern of the letter H. | <urn:uuid:b4482992-7e25-4ea8-b24a-7fc8557b3307> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/gray+matter | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00015-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.931339 | 524 | 3.34375 | 3 |
Protect Your Land
Purchase of Development Rights
What is Purchase of Development Rights?
How is the value of non-farm development rights established?
How does the process work?
We currently partner with local municipalities and landowners who apply for farmland protection grant funding for the New York State Department of Agriculture. This is program is called the Purchase of Development Rights (PDR). If a farm is selected for protection with the NYS farmland protection program it will pay for up to 87.5% of the non-agricultural development rights value. The municipality may contribute funding towards the transaction costs. Other counties provide in-kind services, such as computerized mapping.
NYALT works with the sponsoring municipality and landowners and who have been selected for a NYS farmland protection grant (PDR) to help them with the conservation land planning, related documents, and materials necessary to meet state and federal guidelines for farmland conservation projects. As part of this process, NYALT agrees to uphold the conservation agreement (called a conservation easement) into the future.
Where does funding come from?
Donating a Conservation Easement
By donating a conservation easement, you become a community leader, establishing a gift that keeps giving to future generations. Conserving your land is one of the greatest legacy actions you can take. Good farm and forestland will become ever more important as we work to strengthen our local food supply and conserve our water and natural resources. You can make a real difference with the gift of an agricultural conservation easement. Donating a conservation easement can help families with estate planning and can provide state and federal income tax deductions and state property tax credits.
For more information, please complete the Landowner Information Form and return it to NYALT or contact Amy Olney, Farmland Conservation Program Coordinator at email@example.com or 518-860-6115.
What is involved in donating a conservation easement?
Meet With Staff
Review of Title Documents and Public Records
Draft the Conservation Easement
Prepare Final Documents
Prepare the Baseline
Complete the Project
Apply for State and Federal Income Tax Deductions
Project Time Frame
When you begin the project, NYALT will work with you to estimate what the costs are likely to be incurred to complete the project. Among these costs are: title continuations, survey expenses, baseline report preparation, recording fees and a stewardship contribution. The stewardship contribution is needed to pay for future monitoring and enforcement expenses and for insuring that NYALT continues to have the capacity to assist you and future owners and to uphold its long-‐term responsibility as the holder of the easement.
Note on Costs: If your project moves forward, we will work with you to identify grant funding or other sources of funds for donating a conservation easement.
If landowners donate a conservation easement in full or as a bargain sale and plan to utilize a federal tax deduction, they must get a certified appraisal documenting the value of the conservation easement, within the same tax year of, but no more than 60 days prior to the donation. There may also be estate tax benefits associated with the conservation easement as well.
The New York State Tax Credit gives landowners whose land is restricted by a donated or partially donated conservation easement an annual refund of 25% of the property taxes paid on that land, exclusive of structures and improvements, up to $5,000 per year. Your local municipality will not experience a reduction in tax revenue because the it is a New York State income tax credit. | <urn:uuid:c4daaaa5-cc78-4ed7-8d77-204e87ca18c1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nyalt.org/support-us/protect-your-land/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.915957 | 744 | 1.71875 | 2 |
Concerned Internet users want to make sure that the FCC and Congress hear them when it comes to keeping the Internet open and free.
Digital-rights advocacy group Free Press, other groups such as MoveOn.org, and mobile operator CREDO, which also has a social activist arm, have organized protests and phone and online campaigns to get the attention of regulators and elected officials in Washington, D.C.
In the latest move to draw attention to the issue, Free Press is organizing a public protest at 9 a.m. ET Thursday outside the Federal Communications Commission's headquarters in D.C., to coincide with the commission's open meeting where a new proposal to reinstate the FCC's Net neutrality rules will be considered. Hundreds of protesters are expected to show up to the rally and join the dozens of activists who have been taking turns since May 7 camping out in front of the FCC.
The protest will also continue online where the public is encouraged to contact congressional representatives and the FCC to support the adoption of strong Net neutrality rules.
It seems like the efforts thus far have had an effect as lawmakers, tech companies, and even fellow FCC commissioners have questioned FCC Chairman Tom Wheeler's proposal for reinstating Open Internet rules. On Monday, an FCC official confirmed that the chairman began circulating a revised proposal, which will be considered at Thursday's meeting.on the chairman's revised proposal.
But activists say more needs to be done to ensure the Internet is protected.
"Chairman Wheeler is feeling the grassroots pressure against his pay-for-prioritization proposal," Free Press CEO Craig Aaron said in the announcement for Thursday's protest. "He needs to abandon the flimsy and failed legal approach of his predecessors and reclassify Internet service providers as the common carriers they are. If preventing fast and slow lanes on the Internet is the goal, reclassification is the way forward."
What happened to Net neutrality?
In January, the FCCdue to a legal technicality. Last month, Wheeler began circulating a proposal he had come up with to reinstate the rules. This proposal, the details of which have not been released publicly, created a public backlash as digital activists expressed concern that it didn't go far enough in protecting the Internet.
Specifically, instead of reclassifying broadband traffic as a public utility, which would give the FCC authority to regulate the Internet as a "common carrier," the FCC chairman decided to take a different legal tack that critics say not only necessitates weaker rules but will also fail in court.
The most controversial item that resulted from this approach is the notion that broadband providers could be allowed to create paid prioritization services. These services would allow broadband providers to charge Internet content companies, such a Google or Netflix, a fee for priority access on broadband networks to ensure that their traffic would arrive at its destination more quickly than traffic that has not been prioritized. This so-called "fast lane" raised the ire of activists concerned that smaller content companies would be priced out of the market and that it could raise prices for consumers.
Wheelerthat he had no intention of giving broadband providers free rein to develop such services. He said his approach would put limits on these commercial arrangements. But activists say that without reclassifying broadband traffic, there is no way under the current law to ban fast-lane services.
Without reclassification, Net neutrality supporters say that whatever rules the FCC adopts to protect the Internet will likely suffer the same fate as previous attempts to do the same thing, which were struck down in court. Giving broadband the "Title II" classification as it relates to the 1996 Telecommunications Act would ensure the FCC's authority to regulate the Internet as a utility or a so-called "common carrier." This is important since the FCC's previous two attempts to establish rules of the road for the Open Internet were struck down in federal appeals court.
"In 2009, the previous FCC chairman knew that whatever rules the FCC imposed wouldn't hold up in court if the agency didn't reclassify broadband as Title II," said Becky Bond, political director for CREDO. "But he eventually took the more politically palatable option of not reclassifying and the rules ended up being thrown out in court earlier this year. We don't want that to happen again."
Reclassification as the way forward
Bond said that legal experts are in agreement that reclassifying broadband as a utility would settle this legal question once and for all. But it would surely ignite a major battle with the telecom and cable industries, which have essentially kept their broadband infrastructures free of regulation for more than two decades. All of that would change if broadband is reclassified as a utility. It would then be regulated under the same types of rules that govern the telephone network. Telecom and cable companies say this would stifle innovation and dampen investment in broadband at a time when even more investment is needed.
Wheeler has not ruled out reclassifying broadband as an option. But it's clear that he isn't eager to take up this politically charged battle.and , he has emphasized that Title II reclassification is "still on the table." It appears he sees the threat of Title II reclassification as enough to keep broadband providers in line.
Sensing that the FCC was likely caving to the same pressures from deep-pocketed broadband companies, Net neutrality activists rallied support among the public. Organizations like CREDO started phone and online petitions. Nearly 310,000 people have signed CREDO's online petition. And since its efforts began, CREDO said, more than 1,000 phone calls have been made to the FCC, more than 3,300 calls have been made to US senators, and more than 1,400 to US representatives.
The campaign has worked to rally support within Congress and among business leaders. In a letter sent to the FCC on Friday, 11 US senators said the only way to make sure that the new rules, which will keep the Internet open and ban paid prioritization services, stand up to court challenges is to reclassify broadband as a Title II service. Under the current classification, the senators said, any rules that tried to do this would be overturned in court again.
Activists have also garnered the support of big technology companies. Last week, nearly 150 technology companies including, Google, Microsoft, Facebook, Amazon, Twitter, and Yahoo,.
Bond said she is confident that Wheeler is listening to these concerns. The FCC chairman's revised proposal, which will ask if paid prioritization services should even be permitted, is a start. The revised proposal will also look at whether broadband traffic should be reclassified as a telecommunications service, subjecting broadband to the same regulation as a public utility like the telephony network. The chairman will also allow an alternative proposal submitted by Mozilla to be considered alongside the FCC's own proposal. In its proposal
Bond admits that the concerns and issues surrounding Net neutrality are no different from what they were in 2010 when the previous FCC passed the rules that were eventually struck down. Back then, Net neutrality supporters expressed their disappointment in the strength of the rules.
But now, she said, the public is energized to stand up and make sure the new rules go further to protect the openness of the Internet. And now, she said, the FCC and Congress appear to be listening.
"We absolutely think this is a fight we can win," she said. "This time people are wiling to fight in a way they weren't willing to in 2010. People realize what is at stake now. And they don't want the Internet turning into Comcast." | <urn:uuid:bab2085d-7dc5-4f3f-b123-91d022ee8b54> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.cnet.com/news/grassroots-efforts-to-save-net-neutrality-may-be-working/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00465-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971463 | 1,550 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Don't worry, we speak : Español (Spanish), too!
In this column, I comment on the ways start-ups use the concept of AI, whether they abuse this concept and if the consequences are innocuous.
Start-ups deploy a wide range of ITs, and it is legitime that they name themselves AI-based companies, even if there isn’t really a cutting edge technology or conceptual innovation, or a massive scale or use of computational resources. However, there is evidence that some start-ups abuse AI-labeling as a marketing strategy to impress, without AI playing a role in their alleged success.
My point is that it is legitimate to use (and name) a technology AI as long as it uses technologies usually referred to as AI and as long as the use of such technologies is helpful to accomplish a business goal. The real dangers are that focusing too much on AI as a buzzword downplays the discussion on the more relevant issues arising from these technologies and also confuses the laypeople.
There are many AI definitions, and it is not my goal here to trace a taxonomy or comment on historical aspects. It is essential, nonetheless, to distinguish between AI and the more ambitious General Artificial Intelligence (AGI) program, whose outcomes have yet not fully manifested (some would even argue that they will never come out).
Hereafter I will talk about vanilla AI. My opinion is influenced by a recent (perhaps controversial) definition of AI by an EU commission proposal aiming to define a regulatory framework for AI technologies to protect citizens:
“Artificial intelligence system’ (AI system) means software that is developed with one or more of the techniques and approaches listed in Annex I and can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, generate outputs such as content, predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing the environments they interact with”
The techniques described in the Annex are (a) machine learning-based, (b) logic and knowledge systems-based (c) statistical and optimization-based.
I praise the pragmatism in the definitions instead of appealing to vague definitions or science fiction discourse. And there are reasons for it: although historically, the technologies in (b) have been important, today they are not the most popular, and the preeminence of AI today can be mainly attributed to machine learning technologies (a), in turn, heavily based and influenced by the most fundamental mathematical and statistical approaches in ( c).
Much of today’s discussion about whether a technology qualifies as AI-based has to do with the tension between (a) and ( c). A comic by SandSerif eloquently points to this tension, a usual source of conflict.
Some members of the public and academics working in the least trendy research areas constantly argue that machine learning is only a glorified version of statistics, a hype that somehow ‘gentrifies’ more traditional fields, but without a substantial difference with the more traditional theory and methods.
Similarly, it is criticized that even simple techniques—like a regression, finding the line that best fits a set of points to find relations among variables—are finally sold as AI, which would even be dishonest. But according to the EU proposal, doing a simple regression would still qualify as AI, as long as the final product of inference influences the environment it interacts with.
Criticisms against the hype in machine learning are certainly justified, but they sometimes become too extreme. Machine learning has been established as a scholarly discipline, and their constructions cannot be reduced to statistics because of the relevance it is given to the computational aspects. And arguably, it is finally the explosion in computational power in the past years that best explains the recent success of AI and its preeminence in society. This means that machine learning and statistics are not the same, neither in their foundations nor in their scope.
An apparent paradox arises once we group both into the same AI umbrella; characterizing two different things as the same doesn’t serve the distinction. But there is no problem altogether in saying that linear regression is AI if its outcome will help humans in cognitively demanding tasks. Besides, there is a rising advocacy for making AI methods as simple as possible in order to preserve interpretability.
Even a seemingly simple regression can indeed be a quite complex object if stated in the more modern setups. For example, a fundamental problem in statistical genetics is to determine the extent to which the expression of different variants of a gene may increase the risk for certain diseases. This question is typically stated in terms of regressions: one aims to find how individual variants influence disease risk. However, answering this question is non-straightforward as ‘false discoveries’ or spurious findings can readily appear because of the large number of regressions being inferred at the same time.
Finally, there is a more practical aspect: is it legitimate to call my startup AI-based if I am only using the same linear regression I would be doing ten years ago? Here, it is essential to understand the incentives: speaking about AI makes someone cool, and one immediately becomes an agent of the current technological revolution. A few years ago, AI pioneer Andrew Ng said with enthusiasm that “AI is the new electricity,” fueling an arms race for “being the first to use AI for.”
In fact, selling technologies as AI-based has been a useful marketing strategy. Reportedly, a few years startups that self-labeled as being in the AI field obtained between 15% and 50% more money in funding rounds compared to startups in any other field.
But we have also learned about the scope and limitations of these technologies: it was also revealed that nearly half of the startups who claimed to be using AI were not using it in any substantial part of their productive process. Besides, there have been rather scandalous cases. For example, it was pointed out that on prediction tasks in medicine (e.g. from electronic health records) the most sophisticated deep learning methods were not superior to much simpler methods, indicating that there might have not been such a need for computational sophistication.
This all suggests that it should not be easy today to appeal to the AI buzzword for fundraising purposes, although it possibly still is an effective means to impress friends, family, and laypeople. Maybe, because of the natural delay between developed and emerging economies in adopting such technologies, there might still be room among the latter (e.g., Latin America) for over-profiting from the hype, but this should not be the case for much longer.
The question of the legitimacy of the AI label also has to do with the problem that is aimed to be solved, with how the methods (simple or not) are instrumental in solving this question, and what are the means to achieve these goals. For example, if someone develops an AI-based technology that detects skin cancer based on images, then even more important than the neural network architecture is having privileged access to a sufficiently large training dataset.
After all, the value of an AI technology is not determined by the fact that it is based on a linear regression or a transformer. In the case of NotCo, one of the most successful startups in Latin America that claims to be AI-based, more important than Giuseppe (as they named their AI) is the existence of an entire food development platform so that all suggestions made by the AI can materialize quickly.
Citing a controversial case: there has been a recent concern in relation to Clearview AI, a facial recognition company, as it was disclosed that in order to achieve high accuracy levels, this company had to scrap billions of images on the web in a potentially illegal way. We can argue that the AI not only corresponds to the algorithms but also to the “fuel,” i.e., the images.
It is not casual that Rosalía speaks about AI in one of her recent songs. It shows the tremendous level of penetration of AI in culture. In this realm, the problems associated with language abuses finally manifest as misinformation. For example, there is a generalized belief that the impressive progress in Boston Dynamics’ robots can be attributed to their use of AI, but in reality, it is due to improvements in classical tools of control and mechanical engineering. This suggests that to avoid contributing to this misinformation, it is better to avoid using words solely because they are buzzwords.
Michael I Jordan, one of the pioneers in statistics and machine learning, wrote in 2019 an influential article, AI —the revolution hasn’t happened yet. His point is that the biggest problem in the abuse of the concept is that it distracts us from more important aspects: speaking of AI places the debate around exuberant sci-fi fantasy and inhibits the discussion on the real problems arising from these technologies (for him, AI is simply a new type of human-centered engineering): reliability, privacy, robustness, fairness, etc. Three years later, there don’t seem to be significant changes in this direction. | <urn:uuid:938f4582-e677-4adb-b605-8dfcef8090f4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://contxto.com/en/opinion/abusan-las-startups-del-concepto-de-inteligencia-artificial/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.96105 | 1,851 | 2.625 | 3 |
- How do you know if your car is still under warranty?
- How long is a car under warranty?
- How long is the factory warranty?
- How long is the manufacturer’s warranty?
- What does a 1 year warranty mean?
- What is full warranty?
- What is a example of full warranty?
- Is there a difference between guarantee and warranty?
- What does a full warranty promise?
- How many times can I claim warranty?
- How long is a repair guaranteed for?
- What is an example of warranty?
- What are examples of condition?
- Does warranty mean free?
How do you know if your car is still under warranty?
If you cannot find the VIN number, the only real way to check your vehicle’s factory warranty is to call or visit your local dealership. They will need the VIN number to look up the information but can tell you for sure what is and is not covered if anything at all.
How long is a car under warranty?
Your vehicle’s warranty will be stated in years or miles. A basic warranty that covers the general components in the vehicle will last anywhere from 3 to 5 years or between 36,000 and 60,000 miles, whichever comes first. Your powertrain, however, has a stronger warranty.
How long is the factory warranty?
Warranties generally have two primary limitations: a specific number of years and a limited number of miles. A factory warranty may be limited to three years or 36,000 miles, meaning it will expire when the car is either three years old or hits the 36,000-mile mark on the odometer.
How long is the manufacturer’s warranty?
The Manufacturer’s Promise In general, a basic warranty will last about three years or 36,000 miles. It’s important to note, that depending on the car manufacturer the warranty will vary.
What does a 1 year warranty mean?
A 1-year warranty is a warranty in which the seller or manufacturer guarantees remedies for product defects for one year from the date of sale. During that time, the seller shall repair or replace the product if such defects present.
What is full warranty?
Full warranty is warranty that provides complete coverage for repairs and replacement of any defect in a consumer product. Full warranty also covers labor and materials for repairs.
What is a example of full warranty?
A full warranty is a type of guarantee that is usually given on a consumer product, such as a washing machine, car, piano, or computer. In general, it guarantees that the product will perform in a certain way.
Is there a difference between guarantee and warranty?
The guarantee is a sort of commitment made by the manufacturer to the purchaser of goods, whereas Warranty is an assurance given to the buyer by the manufacturer of the goods. The guarantee covers product, service, persons and consumer satisfaction while warranty covers products only. The guarantee is free of cost.
What does a full warranty promise?
A full warranty promises the consumer that the manufacturer or seller will repair the item for free during the warranty period. If the company can’t fix the problem in a reasonable number of attempts and in a reasonable amount of time, it has to give the consumer a refund or replace the item.
How many times can I claim warranty?
Unfortunately, under a warranty claim process, you are only entitled to replacements. You can get as many replacements as required within the warranty period. Many times, various issues may arise during the warranty claim process.
How long is a repair guaranteed for?
A guarantee is a promise to make good problems that arise with goods and services in a set time limit, usually 12 months. Guarantees generally promise free repairs or replacements for defective products and services, and they are usually issued at the point of sale, free of charge.
What is an example of warranty?
For example, when you buy a new car from a car dealer, the warranty states that the car works. If the car doesn’t work, the warranty gives the owner the right to have the dealer fix the car under certain conditions (length of time, cause of damage, etc.). These conditions are typically spelled out in the warranty.
What are examples of condition?
The definition of condition is the state something or someone is in or can also refer to a specific illness. An example of condition is a brand new sofa with no defects. An example of a condition is a harsh work environment. An example of a condition is a cold or the flu.
Does warranty mean free?
If the item is covered by warranty, the manufacturer will repair or replace it free of charge. If it isn’t covered by warranty, you may be able to have it repaired for a fee. | <urn:uuid:bd8f7f1c-1cd9-4a94-9cdb-5bc2cc894740> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://searchanswer.net/archives/6628 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00474.warc.gz | en | 0.947747 | 993 | 1.859375 | 2 |
Fairfield County Connecticut
County Government in Connecticut was abolished in 1960. The eight counties continue solely as geographical subdivisions of the state.
Fairfield County was organized at a Court of Election held at Hartford, May 10, 1666, at which time John Winthrop was Governor of the colony.
At the date of organization the county embraced but five towns—Fairfield, Stratford, Norwalk, Stamford and Greenwich. As the population increased other towns were formed.
By about 1820, Fairfield had a population of more than 40,000 and contained 1 Forge, 1 Slitting and Rolling Mill, 5 Cotton Factories, 9 Woolen Factories, 29 Fullin Mills and Clothiers' works, 40 Carding Machines, 80 Grain Mills and 170 Mercantile Stores. There were 74 Religious Societies, 28 School Societies, and 23 Social Libraries. | <urn:uuid:620adecf-7223-4944-88b9-dee5069f4c28> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.livingplaces.com/CT/Fairfield_County.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281069.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00265-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96183 | 179 | 3.21875 | 3 |
SILVER SPRING, Md., March 22, 2011 /PRNewswire/ -- SimQuest LLC, a leading developer of technology-assisted education and training, has developed the first platform for open-incision surgical simulation, which will enable surgeons to practice open surgical techniques with no risk to patients. The platform will allow surgeons to practice their skills in an environment that allows for errors and provide objective feedback on performance.
This is an important step forward in surgical training because open surgery still accounts for the overwhelming majority of all operations performed in the United States despite advances in laparoscopic/minimally invasive surgery (MIS). Further, the current generation of simulators falls far short of providing adequate open surgical training. Simulation of open-incision surgery is significantly more difficult than simulating (MIS) because the surgical field and breadth of possible actions for open surgery is considerably more diverse than for MIS.
SimQuest developed three important elements of the open-incision surgical simulation platform with funding from the National Institute of Standards and Technology Advanced Technology Program (NIST ATP) including simulation that allows for physically precise real-time behavior of tissue; the Open Surgery Haptic Device, a seven degree-of-freedom (7DOF) haptics interface; and a tool chain similar to those used in computer games, which enables surgical simulation training case scenarios and other content to be created by teachers and trainers.
The NIST program enabled SimQuest to produce unique technology that will enable real-time immersive virtual reality simulation of open surgical procedures to become a cost-effective reality for both training and surgical rehearsal. These technologies will have a dramatic impact upon future generations of healthcare practitioners by increasing patient safety; reducing reliance on live tissue training (human and animal); and enhancing the efficiency, effectiveness, and objectivity of training.
"SimQuest's open surgical simulation platform will provide realistic force and torque feedback to students' hands as they manipulate the surgical tools and materials, and will supply physically correct responses to both right and wrong actions," said Dwight Meglan, PhD, SimQuest's Chief Technology Officer. "This will enable students to learn from their mistakes and gain the practice they need to perform well prior to working on real patients, thus minimizing the risk of errors."
"Given the challenges facing surgical training today, which include reduced numbers of training hours, less hands-on practice, and the demand for objective proof of proficiency and low risk of errors," stated SimQuest CEO Howard Champion, MD, "the NIST investment has created a capability and potential product that is both timely and of great societal value." This R&D initiative continues with funding from NIH and the Department of Defense.
SimQuest, founded in 2001 by surgeon and surgical educator Howard Champion, MD, is a technology-assisted education and training company that creates tools for healthcare professionals to develop and perfect their skills without risk to patients and to maximize their decision making capabilities for patient care. The company's goal is to provide advanced medical simulators and training programs that embody the state-of-the-art in simulation and adult learning techniques. To this end, SimQuest's medical professionals and simulation experts—who have pioneered many of the top-selling simulators worldwide—are developing new technology, integrating existing programs, and teaming with strategic partners (including NIH, NSF, and the US Army) to revolutionize how healthcare is taught. For more information, please visit SimQuest at www.simquest.com.
|SOURCE SimQuest LLC|
Copyright©2010 PR Newswire.
All rights reserved | <urn:uuid:2ca7aa35-a7be-40e6-af3d-a97630d26ef5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bio-medicine.org/medicine-technology-1/SimQuest-Develops-Worlds-First-Platform-for-Open-Surgical-Simulation-15681-1/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00446-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.933538 | 723 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Thursday’s Supreme Court decision on the future of President Barack Obama’s health care reform law will undoubtedly define the court under Chief Justice John Roberts. But it also has the potential to define the careers of several of the legal minds who helped the case get there.
When Congress started debating health care reform in 2009, the individual mandate — the requirement for nearly all Americans to buy health insurance — wasn’t one of the biggest issues opponents raised. But that changed when a handful of conservative legal scholars started writing articles, including an op-ed in The Wall Street Journal in September 2009, that suggested the mandate could be the bill’s real legal weak spot.
Story Continued Below
Now, the law is on the verge of being gutted — or even wiped off the books — because of the mandate.
So who is responsible for what could be the Supreme Court case of the decade?
David Rivkin and Lee Casey
Rivkin and Casey, constitutional lawyers at the law firm Baker Hostetler, were the first to go public with their skepticism about the constitutionality of the mandate. Their September 2009 op-ed in The Wall Street Journal served as the snowball that quickly rolled down the hill.
After reviewing the health law, “we concluded pretty quickly that this kind of mandate was beyond the constitutional power of the federal government,” Rivkin said in an interview.
In fact, Rivkin and Casey felt the same way the last time a health mandate came up. They raised similar questions when a mandate was proposed in the early 1990s.
When it became clear that the 2010 health law was going to pass with a mandate, several states hired Rivkin and Casey to represent them in a lawsuit against the federal government. That lawsuit — which now includes 26 plaintiff states and the National Federation of Independent Business — was filed the day Obama signed the bill into law.
Rivkin represented some states in the district court and won — Judge Roger Vinson ruled that the mandate was unconstitutional and that the entire law should fall.
He said he’s confident the Supreme Court will rule against the mandate, too, arguing that the Obama administration has never defined a “limiting principle.”
“Every single judge and justice has asked the government, ‘If you can do this mandate, what is it that you cannot do?’” Rivkin said.
“It’s all very fine to say the federal government is denied general police powers,” Rivkin said. “But it’s pure verbiage, it’s meaningless unless there is this limiting principle. … The government has been unable to come up with any meaningful limiting principle.”
McCollum was the Florida attorney general who hired Rivkin and Casey and filed the states’ lawsuit against the health law.
McCollum credits the Rivkin-Casey op-ed with sparking his interest in the issue. He assigned lawyers in the Florida attorney general’s office to do their own research and concluded that he wanted to challenge the mandate and the law’s expansion of Medicaid.
By early 2010, McCollum, who was working with then-South Carolina Attorney General Henry McMaster, asked his fellow attorneys general if they wanted to join.
“I had quite a bit of interest,” McCollum told POLITICO in an interview, adding that one Democratic attorney general “came very close” to joining but decided at the last minute not to.
“The politics of this is so great that I’m quite sure the Democrats who were sympathetic were worried they would face a primary,” he said.
McCollum said he always thought the constitutional issue would wind up in the country’s highest court, but even he was surprised by just how intensely partisan the suit became. | <urn:uuid:bafbd1d1-3970-4372-905f-3ed86011e229> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.politico.com/story/2012/06/the-men-behind-the-health-care-case-077922 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00453-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.976796 | 796 | 1.789063 | 2 |
Tuesday, January 24, 2012
Chemical Physics Seminar
Dynamics of Liquids and Interfaces Studied with Ultrafast 2D IR Vibrational Echo Spectroscopy
Michael D. Fayer, David Mulvane Ehrsam and Edward Curtis Franklin Professor of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Stanford University
Catalysts are important throughout chemistry. Heterogeneous catalysts, in which a surface is functionalized with the catalyst, are particularly useful. A heterogeneous catalyst makes it a different phase than the reactants in solution, simplifying separation and preventing leaching of the catalyst into the reaction mixture. Until now, it has not been possible to study the structural and environmental dynamics of heterogeneous catalysts, and in general the dynamics of molecules at surfaces and interfaces. Here ultrafast 2D IR vibrational echo experiments on a submonolayer of a heterogeneous catalyst are presented. To introduce the 2D IR vibrational echo technique, first two other problems are discussed. Vibrational echo chemical exchange spectroscopy is used to directly measure the dissociation and formation of organic solute-solvent complexes in solution. Then experiments that determine the hydrogen bond dynamics of water are discussed. The water experiments use spectral diffusion as the observable. Then the 2D IR vibrational echo experiments that measure spectral diffusion of phenanthroline Rhenium tricarbonyl chloride ((phen)Re(CO)3Cl) bound with a linker to an SiO2 surface are presented. The very small number of molecules in a submonolayer presents a severe experimental challenge. The heterogeneous photocatalyst (phen)Re(CO)3Cl reduces CO2 to CO. (phen)Re(CO)3Cl bound to the SiO2 solvent in air (dry, no solvent) shows structural dynamics on the 150 ps time scale. Thus, even in the absence of solvent, there are significant rapid molecular motions of the catalytic monolayer. When the identical surface sample is immerse in chloroform (wet), the dynamics speed up to 50 ps. These values are compared to (phen)Re(CO)3Cl as a homogeneous catalyst dissolved in chloroform where the dynamics occur on the 5 ps time scale. To extract the structural spectral diffusion dynamics, they must be separated from vibrational excitation transport induced spectral diffusion. The nature of the excitation transport problem is described. These studies are the first 2D IR vibrational echo experiments of any surface or interfacial molecular system. They open a new approach for understanding the nature of and processes involving surface bound and interfacial molecular systems. | <urn:uuid:aa7effc8-7528-4d6f-b2ab-759137498bfc> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.caltech.edu/content/chemical-physics-seminar-9 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00383-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.874446 | 536 | 1.648438 | 2 |
A final quote from Will Willimon’s book about preaching to confront racism.
The soundness of his treatment is demonstrated in the applicability of what he is writing about to the breadth of human sin, while never diminishing the specific and important subject that is the focus of his book.
He is not simply using a human tragedy to make a larger point.
He is not allowing larger truths to subsume the human tragedy.
Rather he is showing that each and every facet of life is seriously and legitimately addressed by the saving purpose of God in Christ.
We preachers ought not allow ourselves to be muted by those who ask for simple solutions and specific strategies from the pulpit. In a sense that’s the responsibility of the baptised in their daily vocations in the world, not the job of the preacher in the liturgy. As William Sloane Coffin frequently told us, Israel’s prophets preached, “Let justice roll down like waters, and righteousness like an ever flowing stream” (Amos 5:24) but they didn’t work out the specifics of the plumbing system.
Will Willimon, Who Lynched Willie Earle?, Abingdon, 2017, pg 115. | <urn:uuid:971e8bfa-f417-4c69-baf6-8cbdca814a1a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://garyware.me/2020/06/30/proclaiming-the-life-giving-stream-not-teaching-the-specifics-of-the-plumbing-system-via-will-willimon/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.948469 | 251 | 2.046875 | 2 |
Malware doesn't wait around for antivirus suites and IPSes to update their signatures — in fact, it's the newest...
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malware that often poses the greatest threat. That's where ngrep can help.
In this video, Peter Giannoulis of the AcademyPro.com uses several ngrep examples to show how to find new malware that antivirus or IPS might not pick up on with this free tool.
Want more demos of free security tools? Visit our screencast page.
About the presenter:
Peter Giannoulis, GSEC, GCIH, GCIA, GCFA, GCFW, GREM, CISSP, is an information security consultant in Toronto, Ontario. He currently maintains The Academy Pro, which provides streaming video for enterprises and consumers on how to configure and troubleshoot many of today's top security products. He also serves as a technical director for GIAC. | <urn:uuid:aaee98a9-0c9d-42d7-8d84-db4ea80e0dd4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/tip/ngrep-Learn-how-to-find-new-malware-with-ngrep-examples | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00567-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.92402 | 215 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Hello fellow readers, It’s the fall garden wrap up time, and I tended to some over the weekend. It feels good to be ahead of my usual scramble when the first snowflakes fly. Some fall garden wrap- up tasks, such as cleaning up perennials, may seem obvious. But others, like fall fertilizing, can be confusing. Here are a few simple tips.
Cutback some perennials and keep others for winter interest.
Cutting back dry or yellowing perennial foliage is a fall to-do. However, I enjoy keeping some standing dry for winter interest, such as ornamental grasses and certain perennials with seed heads that look lovely dry. This year though, I cut back the overly zealous coneflower (echinacea) and black-eyed Susan (rudbeckia). I placed the seed heads in areas where ambitious volunteers are welcome and feathered friends can have first dibs.
I cut back the bulk of the butterfly bush branches to prevent self-seeding, keeping some of the starbursts of new growth to enjoy through fall. Come Spring, I’ll finish the rejuvenation pruning by cutting them down to about six inches. Butterfly bush can be invasive, though I find volunteers primarily find their way in gravelly and rocky soil and not typically in garden beds. There are new seedless or non-invasive varieties such as Buddleia x ‘Miss Molly’ ‘Miss Violet’ ‘Miss Ruby,’ and ‘Miss Pearl.’
Fall Fertilizing with Leaf Mold or Organic Supplements
Regarding fall fertilizing, I always coached folks not to fertilize when installing or transplanting as it can add further stress. Plants put energy into absorbing the added nutrients rather than overcoming the strain of being moved. But after they settle in, fertilizing will help encourage healthy root development.
I’m a fan of top-dressing garden beds with leaf mold in the fall. Leaf mold is composted leaves packed with minerals that fertilize the soil and help retain moisture and suppress weeds.
For those that use wood mulch, fertilizing garden beds and areas around shrubs and trees in the fall is wise as decomposing wood depletes the soil’s nitrogen. I suggest North County Organic’s Pro-Start 2-3-3 or other organic products that are similar. FYI– the three numbers represent fertilizer formulas. The first is the percentage of nitrogen, which promotes foliage growth. The second is phosphorus, which nurtures root development. The third number is potassium, also known as potash, to stimulate cell function to absorb nutrients.
In the Spring, I routinely spread an all-purpose fertilizer such as Pro-Gro 5-3-4, also by North Country, atop my leaf mold mulch, which you can also apply on top of wood mulch.
About Deep Root Fertilization
“What about root fertilizing,” asked John of Stone Church, PA? My associate arborist, Dave Dubee of Greenwood Tree & Lawn, suggests deep root fertilization in the Fall (or Spring) every twelve or eighteen months to help trees struggling from depleted soil or transplant shock. He injects an organic blend of nutrients and mycorrhizal fungi into the ground around the root zone using a long feeding needle.
The Critical Root Zone (CRZ) is the root area under the canopy drip line, the tree branches’ width. Although roots often grow two or three times wider than the CRZ. Getting the fertilizer directly to the roots, rather than applying it on the surface, prevents absorption by competing roots of other plants such as grass. The pressure used to inject the nutrients also helps to aerate the soil, improving compacted soils to allow oxygen and water to reach the roots.
It’s true that if we left fallen leaves in the garden and around our trees and shrubs, they would do the job of fertilizing as they decompose throughout the winter. So, why not leave some in your gardens to provide nourishment as nature intended—trusting Mother Nature is the best protocol of all.
Click through to a previous column about Leaf Mold – Better than Mulch.
Link to North Country Organics | <urn:uuid:10e74da8-d3a5-473a-bed3-abb03da8a153> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://askmarystone.com/fall-garden-wrap-up/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571536.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811224716-20220812014716-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.927032 | 883 | 1.726563 | 2 |
RFM12B - Part 1 - Hardware Overview
HopeRF RFM12B - wireless transceiver
To see how RFM12B wireless compares to other similar wireless options (e.g Xbee, XRF etc..) check out this well compiled comparison overview by Stuart Poulton: http://blog.homelabs.org.uk/wireless-connectivity/.
Made by Hope RF, re-branded by RFsolutions in the UK. Sometimes called 'Alpha RF'
Low cost RF transceiver (from Rapid, Farnell, or RS in the UK)
Up to 300m range
Up to 115Kbps bit rate
Up to 30 nodes per network*
Up to 250 different network groups
3 ISM band frequencies: 433MHz (worldwide), 868MHz (Europe), 915MHz (USA & Australia only) . Note: The module's operating frequency is set in software. For best performance, the frequency chosen should match the module's design frequency.
*node ID's can be 0-31 with 1-30 used for normal operation.
ID 31 is special, as it can communicate with nodes on any network. ID 0 is reserved for OOK operation.
2.2-3.8V supply voltage
Low power – 0.3µA standby current
Identifying the frequency of your module
Includes additional capacitor = 433 MHz
Missing capactior = 868 MHz
433 1/4 wave = 164.7mm
433 1/2 wave = 329.4mm
433 full wave = 692.7mm
868 1/4 wave = 82.2mm
868 1/2 wave = 164.3mm
868 full wave = 345.5mm
915 1/4 wave = 77.9mm
915 1/2 wave = 155.9mm
915 full wave = 327.8mm
Arduino Uno Connections
Credit to Michael Margolis from Arduino Cookbook for Arduino connection diagram.
Alternative connection diagram (only for when Atmega328 is running at 3.3V):
Update: The Arduino Leonardo (ATmega32U4) requires different connections. See this blog post for details.
Code example: https://github.com/openenergymonitor/RFM12B_Simple
RFM12 Arduino library from JeeLabs: https://github.com/jcw/jeelib - credit to JCW for this great work
See this post by JCW describing the Nodes, Addresses and operation of the JeeLib RFM12 Arduino Library: http://jeelabs.org/2011/01/14/nodes-addresses-and-interference/
JeeLib library reference: http://jeelabs.net/pub/docs/jeelib/RF12_8cpp.html
Lots of information on RFM12B and the RFM12 Arduino driver library on jeelabs.org.
Here are the values of the capacitors on the RFM12B as measured: | <urn:uuid:e76e1d57-3159-4298-a21d-29652887ee08> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://openenergymonitor.org/emon/buildingblocks/rfm12b-wireless | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00383-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.807996 | 636 | 2.3125 | 2 |
In computer science, specifically software engineering and hardware engineering, formal methods are a particular kind of mathematically based techniques for the specification, development and verification of software and hardware systems. The use of formal methods for software and hardware design is motivated by the expectation that, as in other engineering disciplines, performing appropriate mathematical analysis can contribute to the reliability and robustness of a design.
Formal methods are best described as the application of a fairly broad variety of theoretical computer science fundamentals, in particular logic calculi, formal languages, automata theory, and program semantics, but also type systems and algebraic data types to problems in software and hardware specification and verification.
Formal methods can be used at a number of levels:
Level 0: Formal specification may be undertaken and then a program developed from this informally. This has been dubbed formal methods lite. This may be the most cost-effective option in many cases.
Level 1: Formal development and formal verification may be used to produce a program in a more formal manner. For example, proofs of properties or refinement from the specification to a program may be undertaken. This may be most appropriate in high-integrity systems involving safety or security.
Level 2: Theorem provers may be used to undertake fully formal machine-checked proofs. This can be very expensive and is only practically worthwhile if the cost of mistakes is extremely high (e.g., in critical parts of microprocessor design).
Further information on this is expanded below.
As with programming language semantics, styles of formal methods may be roughly classified as follows:
- Denotational semantics, in which the meaning of a system is expressed in the mathematical theory of domains. Proponents of such methods rely on the well-understood nature of domains to give meaning to the system; critics point out that not every system may be intuitively or naturally viewed as a function.
- Operational semantics, in which the meaning of a system is expressed as a sequence of actions of a (presumably) simpler computational model. Proponents of such methods point to the simplicity of their models as a means to expressive clarity; critics counter that the problem of semantics has just been delayed (who defines the semantics of the simpler model?).
- Axiomatic semantics, in which the meaning of the system is expressed in terms of preconditions and postconditions which are true before and after the system performs a task, respectively. Proponents note the connection to classical logic; critics note that such semantics never really describe what a system does (merely what is true before and afterwards).
Lightweight formal methods
Some practitioners believe that the formal methods community has overemphasized full formalization of a specification or design. They contend that the expressiveness of the languages involved, as well as the complexity of the systems being modelled, make full formalization a difficult and expensive task. As an alternative, various lightweight formal methods, which emphasize partial specification and focused application, have been proposed. Examples of this lightweight approach to formal methods include the Alloy object modelling notation, Denney's synthesis of some aspects of the Z notation with use case driven development, and the CSK VDM Tools.
Formal methods can be applied at various points through the development process.
Formal methods may be used to give a description of the system to be developed, at whatever level(s) of detail desired. This formal description can be used to guide further development activities (see following sections); additionally, it can be used to verify that the requirements for the system being developed have been completely and accurately specified.
The need for formal specification systems has been noted for years. In the ALGOL 58 report, John Backus presented a formal notation for describing programming language syntax, later named Backus normal form then renamed Backus–Naur form (BNF). Backus also wrote that a formal description of the meaning of syntactically valid ALGOL programs wasn't completed in time for inclusion in the report. "Therefor the formal treatment of the semantics of legal programs will be included in a subsequent paper." It never appeared.
Once a formal specification has been produced, the specification may be used as a guide while the concrete system is developed during the design process (i.e., realized typically in software, but also potentially in hardware). For example:
- If the formal specification is in an operational semantics, the observed behavior of the concrete system can be compared with the behavior of the specification (which itself should be executable or simulateable). Additionally, the operational commands of the specification may be amenable to direct translation into executable code.
- If the formal specification is in an axiomatic semantics, the preconditions and postconditions of the specification may become assertions in the executable code.
Once a formal specification has been developed, the specification may be used as the basis for proving properties of the specification (and hopefully by inference the developed system).
Sometimes, the motivation for proving the correctness of a system is not the obvious need for re-assurance of the correctness of the system, but a desire to understand the system better. Consequently, some proofs of correctness are produced in the style of mathematical proof: handwritten (or typeset) using natural language, using a level of informality common to such proofs. A "good" proof is one which is readable and understandable by other human readers.
Critics of such approaches point out that the ambiguity inherent in natural language allows errors to be undetected in such proofs; often, subtle errors can be present in the low-level details typically overlooked by such proofs. Additionally, the work involved in producing such a good proof requires a high level of mathematical sophistication and expertise.
In contrast, there is increasing interest in producing proofs of correctness of such systems by automated means. Automated techniques fall into three general categories:
- Automated theorem proving, in which a system attempts to produce a formal proof from scratch, given a description of the system, a set of logical axioms, and a set of inference rules.
- Model checking, in which a system verifies certain properties by means of an exhaustive search of all possible states that a system could enter during its execution.
- Abstract interpretation, in which a system verifies an over-approximation of a behavioural property of the program, using a fixpoint computation over a (possibly complete) lattice representing it.
Some automated theorem provers require guidance as to which properties are "interesting" enough to pursue, while others work without human intervention. Model checkers can quickly get bogged down in checking millions of uninteresting states if not given a sufficiently abstract model.
Proponents of such systems argue that the results have greater mathematical certainty than human-produced proofs, since all the tedious details have been algorithmically verified. The training required to use such systems is also less than that required to produce good mathematical proofs by hand, making the techniques accessible to a wider variety of practitioners.
Critics note that some of those systems are like oracles: they make a pronouncement of truth, yet give no explanation of that truth. There is also the problem of "verifying the verifier"; if the program which aids in the verification is itself unproven, there may be reason to doubt the soundness of the produced results. Some modern model checking tools produce a "proof log" detailing each step in their proof, making it possible to perform, given suitable tools, independent verification.
The main feature of the abstract interpretation approach is that it provides a sound analysis, i.e. no false negatives are returned. Moreover, it is efficiently scalable, by tuning the abstract domain representing the property to be analyzed, and by applying widening operators to get fast convergence.
Formal methods are applied in different areas of hardware and software, including routers, Ethernet switches, routing protocols, and security applications. There are several examples in which they have been used to verify the functionality of the hardware and software used in DCs[clarification needed]. IBM used ACL2, a theorem prover, in AMD x86 processor development process. Intel uses such methods to verify its hardware and firmware (permanent software programmed into a read-only memory). Dansk Datamatik Center used formal methods in the 1980s to develop a compiler system for the Ada programming language that went on to become a long-lived commercial product.
There are several other projects of NASA in which formal methods are applied, such as Next Generation Air Transportation System, Unmanned Aircraft System integration in National Airspace System, and Airborne Coordinated Conflict Resolution and Detection (ACCoRD). B-Method with AtelierB, is used to develop safety automatisms for the various subways installed throughout the world by Alstom and Siemens, and also for Common Criteria certification and the development of system models by ATMEL and STMicroelectronics.
Formal verification has been frequently used in hardware by most of the well-known hardware vendors, such as IBM, Intel, and AMD. There are many areas of hardware, where Intel have used FMs to verify the working of the products, such as parameterized verification of cache coherent protocol, Intel Core i7 processor execution engine validation (using theorem proving, BDD’s, and symbolic evaluation), optimization for Intel IA-64 architecture using HOL light theorem prover, and verification of high performance dual-port gigabit Ethernet controller with a support for PCI express protocol and Intel advance management technology using Cadence. Similarly, IBM has used formal methods in the verification of power gates, registers, and functional verification of the IBM Power7 microprocessor.
Formal methods and notations
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There are a variety of formal methods and notations available.
- Specification languages
- Abstract State Machines (ASMs)
- A Computational Logic for Applicative Common Lisp (ACL2)
- ANSI/ISO C Specification Language (ACSL)
- Autonomic System Specification Language (ASSL)
- Common Algebraic Specification Language (CASL)
- Java Modeling Language (JML)
- Knowledge Based Software Assistant (KBSA)
- Process calculi
- Actor model
- Perfect Developer
- Petri nets
- Predicative programming
- Rebeca Modeling Language
- SPARK Ada
- Spec sharp (Spec#)
- Specification and Description Language
- Z notation
- Model checkers
- PAT is a powerful free model checker, simulator and refinement checker for concurrent systems and CSP extensions (e.g. shared variables, arrays, fairness).
- MALPAS Software Static Analysis Toolset is an industrial strength model checker used for formal proof of safety-critical systems
- Abstract interpretation
- Automated theorem proving
- Design by contract
- Formal methods people
- Formal specification
- Formal verification
- Formal system
- Model checking
- Software engineering
- Specification language
- R. W. Butler (2001-08-06). "What is Formal Methods?". Retrieved 2006-11-16.
- C. Michael Holloway. "Why Engineers Should Consider Formal Methods" (PDF). 16th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (27–30 October 1997). Retrieved 2006-11-16.
- Monin, pp.3-4
- Daniel Jackson and Jeannette Wing, "Lightweight Formal Methods", IEEE Computer, April 1996
- Vinu George and Rayford Vaughn, "Application of Lightweight Formal Methods in Requirement Engineering", Crosstalk: The Journal of Defense Software Engineering, January 2003
- Daniel Jackson, "Alloy: A Lightweight Object Modelling Notation", ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology (TOSEM), Volume 11, Issue 2 (April 2002), pp. 256-290
- Richard Denney, Succeeding with Use Cases: Working Smart to Deliver Quality, Addison-Wesley Professional Publishing, 2005, ISBN 0-321-31643-6.
- Sten Agerholm and Peter G. Larsen, "A Lightweight Approach to Formal Methods", In Proceedings of the International Workshop on Current Trends in Applied Formal Methods, Boppard, Germany, Springer-Verlag, October 1998
- Backus, J.W. (1959). "The Syntax and Semantics of the Proposed International Algebraic Language of Zürich ACM-GAMM Conference". Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Processing. UNESCO.
- Knuth, Donald E. (1964), Backus Normal Form vs Backus Naur Form. Communications of the ACM, 7(12):735–736.
- A.Cortesi and M.Zanioli, Widening and Narrowing Operators for Abstract Interpretation. Computer Languages, Systems and Structures. Volume 37(1), pp. 24–42, Elsevier, ISSN 1477-8424 (2011).
- Bjørner, Dines; Gram, Christian; Oest, Ole N.; Rystrøm, Leif (2011). "Dansk Datamatik Center". In Impagliazzo, John; Lundin, Per; Wangler, Benkt. History of Nordic Computing 3: IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology. Springer. pp. 350–359.
- Bjørner, Dines; Havelund, Klaus. "40 Years of Formal Methods: Some Obstacles and Some Possibilities?". FM 2014: Formal Methods: 19th International Symposium, Singapore, May 12–16, 2014. Proceedings. Springer. pp. 42–61.
- Gheorghe, A. V., & Ancel, E. (2008, November). Unmanned aerial systems integration to National Airspace System. In Infrastructure Systems and Services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future (INFRA), 2008 First International Conference on (pp. 1-5). IEEE.
- Airborne Coordinated Conflict Resolution and Detection, http://shemesh.larc.nasa.gov/people/cam/ACCoRD/
- website : http://www.atelierb.eu/en/
- C. T. Chou, P. K. Mannava, S. Park, “A simple method for parameterized verification of cache coherence protocols”, Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design, pp. 382–398, 2004.
- Formal Verification in Intel® Core™ i7 Processor Execution Engine Validation, http://cps-vo.org/node/1371, accessed at Sep. 13, 2013.
- J. Grundy, “Verified optimizations for the Intel IA-64 architecture”, In Theorem Proving in Higher Order Logics, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004, pp. 215–232.
- E. Seligman, I. Yarom, “Best known methods for using Cadence Conformal LEC”, at Intel.
- C. Eisner, A. Nahir, K. Yorav, “Functional verification of power gated designs by compositional reasoning”, Computer Aided Verification Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 433–445.
- P. C. Attie, H. Chockler, “Automatic verification of fault-tolerant register emulations”, Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science, vol. 149, no. 1, pp. 49–60.
- K. D. Schubert, W. Roesner, J. M. Ludden, J. Jackson, J. Buchert, V. Paruthi, B. Brock, “Functional verification of the IBM POWER7 microprocessor and POWER7 multiprocessor systems”, IBM Journal of Research and Development, vol. 55, no 3.
- Jean François Monin and Michael G. Hinchey, Understanding formal methods, Springer, 2003, ISBN 1-85233-247-6.
- Jonathan P. Bowen and Michael G. Hinchey, Formal Methods. In Allen B. Tucker, Jr. (ed.), Computer Science Handbook, 2nd edition, Section XI, Software Engineering, Chapter 106, pages 106-1 – 106-25, Chapman & Hall / CRC Press, Association for Computing Machinery, 2004.
- Michael G. Hinchey, Jonathan P. Bowen, and Emil Vassev, Formal Methods. In Philip A. Laplante (ed.), Encyclopedia of Software Engineering, Taylor & Francis, 2010, pages 308–320. | <urn:uuid:cfd1e53e-cd30-423f-adc4-8d734216ec9f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal_methods | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00338-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.87493 | 3,471 | 3.4375 | 3 |
|Hamas vs. Israel: The Needless War
Deservedly, body and rocket count of the invasion of Gaza has received much media coverage. The carnage, however, becomes more intolerable once we delve into Israeli’s miscalculations about its relation with Hamas, its upcoming elections and the end and the beginning of a presidential cycle in the United States.
The military plans and political decision to invade Gaza were formulated much earlier than the end of the ceasefire between Israel and Hamas. Cunningly, Israel has repeatedly claimed that it had “no choice” but to wage war on Gaza on December 27 because Hamas had broken a ceasefire, was firing rockets at Israeli civilians, and as Foreign Minister Tzipi Livni put it, Israel had “tried everything in order to avoid this military operation.”
But this claim, however, contradicts with the fact that Israel’s military and political leadership took many aggressive steps during the ceasefire that escalated a crisis with Hamas, and possibly even provoked Hamas to create a pretext for the assault. This wasn’t a war of “no choice,” but rather a very avoidable war in which Israeli actions played the major role in instigating.
Israel’s history is replete with examples of its deliberate use of violence and other provocative measures to trigger reactions in order to create a pretext for military action, and to portray its opponents as the aggressors and Israel as the victim. According to historian Zeev Maoz in his recent book, Defending the Holy Land, Israel most notably used this policy of “strategic escalation” in 1955-1956, when it launched deadly raids on Egyptian army positions to provoke Egypt’s President Nasser into violent reprisals preceding its ill-fated invasion of Egypt; in 1981-1982, when it launched violent raids on Lebanon in order to provoke Palestinian escalation preceding the Israeli invasion of Lebanon; and between 2001-2004, when Prime Minister Ariel Sharon repeatedly ordered assassinations of high-level Palestinian militants during declared ceasefires, provoking violent attacks that enabled Israel’s virtual reoccupation of the West Bank.
According to a detailed report by Barak Raviv in the Israeli newspaper Haaretz, the countdown to a war began, when Israel’s Defense Minister Ehud Barak started planning the current attack on Gaza with his chiefs of staff at least six months ago — even as Israel was negotiating the Egyptian brokered ceasefire with Hamas that went into effect on June 19. During the subsequent ceasefire, the report contends, the Israeli security establishment carefully gathered intelligence to map out Hamas’ security infrastructure, engaged in operational deception, and spread disinformation to mislead the public about its intentions.
Indeed, there was a genuine lull in rocket and mortar fire between June 19 and November 4, due to Hamas compliance and only sporadically violated by a small number of launchings carried out by rival Fatah and Islamic Jihad militants, largely in defiance of Hamas. According to the conservative Israeli-based Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center’s analysis of rocket and missile attacks in 2008, there were only three rockets fired at Israel in July, September, and October combined. Israeli civilians living near Gaza experienced an almost unprecedented degree of security during this period, with no Israeli casualties.
Yet despite the major lull, Israel continually raided the West Bank, arresting and frequently killing “wanted” Palestinians from June to October, which had the inevitable effect of ratcheting up pressure on Hamas to respond. Moreover, while the central expectation of Hamas going into the ceasefire was that Israel would lift the siege on Gaza, Israel only took the barest steps to ease the siege, which kept the people at a bare survival level. This policy was a clear affront to Hamas and had the inescapable effect of undermining both Hamas and popular Palestinian support for the ceasefire.
But Israel’s most provocative action, acknowledged by many now as the critical turning point that undermined the ceasefire, took place on November 4, when Israeli forces auspiciously violated the truce by crossing into the Gaza Strip to destroy what the army said was a tunnel dug by Hamas, killing six Hamas militants. Sara Roy, writing in the London Review of Books, contends this attack was “no doubt designed finally to undermine the truce between Israel and Hamas established last June.”
The Israeli breach into Gaza was immediately followed by a further provocation by Israel on November 5, when the Israeli government hermetically sealed off all ways into and out of Gaza. As a result, the UN reports that the amount of imports entering Gaza has been “severely reduced to an average of 16 truckloads per day — down from 123 truckloads per day in October and 475 trucks per day in May 2007 — before the Hamas takeover.” These limited shipments provide only a fraction of the supplies needed to sustain 1.5 million starving Palestinians.
In response, Hamas predictably claimed that Israel had violated the truce and allowed Islamic Jihad to launch a round of rocket attacks on Israel. Only after lethal Israeli reprisals killed over 10 Hamas militants in the following days did Hamas finally respond with volleys of mortars and rockets of their own. In two short weeks, Israel killed over 15 Palestinian militants, while about 120 rockets and mortars were fired at Israel, and although there were no Israeli casualties the calm had been shattered.
It was at this time that Israeli officials launched what appears to have been a coordinated media blitz to cultivate public reception for an impending conflict, stressing the theme of the “inevitability” of a coming war with Hamas in Gaza. On November 12, senior Army officials announced that war with Hamas was likely in the two months after the six-month ceasefire, baldly stating it would occur even if Hamas wasn’t interested in confrontation. A few days later, Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert publicly ordered his military commanders to draw up plans for a war in Gaza, which were already well developed at the time. On November 19, according to Raviv’s report in Haaretz, the Gaza war plan was brought before Barak for final approval.
While the rhetoric of an “inevitable” war with Hamas may have only been Israeli bluster to compel Hamas into line, its actions on the ground in the critical month leading up to the official expiration of the ceasefire on December 19 only heightened the cycle of violence, leaving a distinct impression Israel had cast the die for war.
Finally, Hamas then walked right into the “inevitable war” that Israel had been preparing since the ceasefire had gone into effect in June. With many Palestinians believing the ceasefire to be meaningless, Hamas announced it wouldn’t renew the ceasefire after it expired on December 19. Hamas then stood back for two days while Islamic Jihad and Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades militants fired volleys of mortars and rockets into Israel, in the context of mutually escalating attacks. Yet even then, with Israeli threats of war mounting, Hamas imposed a 24-hour ceasefire on all missile attacks on December 21, announcing it would consider renewing the lapsed truce with Israel in the Gaza Strip if Israel would halt its raids in both Gaza and the West Bank, and keep Gaza border crossings open for supplies of aid and fuel. Israel immediately rejected its offer.
But when the Israeli Army killed three Hamas militants laying explosives near the security fence between Israel and Gaza on the evening of December 23, the Hamas military wing lashed out by launching a barrage of over 80 missiles into Israel the following day, claiming it was Israel, and not Hamas, that was responsible for the escalation.
According to Raviv, Prime Minister Olmert, and Defense Minister Barak had already met on December 18 to approve the impending war plan, but put the mission off waiting for a better pretext. By launching more than 170 rockets and mortars at Israeli civilians in the days following December 23, killing one Israeli civilian, Hamas had provided reason enough for Israel to unleash its long-planned attack on Gaza on December 27.
If Israel’s goal were simply to end rocket attacks on its civilians, it would have solidified and extended the ceasefire, which was working well, until November. Even after November, it could have addressed Hamas’ longstanding ceasefire proposals for a complete end to rocket fire on Israel, in exchange for Israel lifting its crippling 18-month siege on Gaza.
Instead, the actual targets of its assault on Gaza after December 27, which included police stations, mosques, universities, and Hamas government institutions, clearly reveal that Israel’s primary goals go far beyond providing immediate security for its citizens. Israeli spokespersons repeatedly claim that Israel’s assault isn’t about seeking to effect regime change with Hamas, but rather about creating a “new security reality” in Gaza. But that “new reality” requires Israel to use massive violence to degrade the political and military capacity of Hamas, to a point where it agrees to a ceasefire with conditions more congenial to Israel. Short of a complete reoccupation of Gaza, no amount of violence will erase Hamas from the scene.
The timing and the impetus to create a ‘new reality’ are the products of several factors unrelated to the urgency for Israel to provide security to its citizens.
First, many senior Israeli political and military leaders strongly opposed the June 19 ceasefire with Hamas and looked for opportunities to reestablish Israel’s fabled “deterrent capability” of instilling fear into its enemies. These leaders felt Israel’s deterrent capability was badly damaged as a result of their withdrawal from Gaza in 2005, and especially after the widely criticized failures in the 2006 Israeli war with Hezbollah. For this powerful group a ceasefire was at best a tactical pause before the inevitable renewal of conflict when conditions were more favorable. Immediately following Israel’s aerial assault, a New York Times article noted that Israel had been eager “to remind its foes that it has teeth” and to erase the ghost of Lebanon that has haunted it over the past two years.
A second factor was pressure surrounding the impending Israeli elections set to take place in early February. The ruling coalition, led by Barak and Livni, have been repeatedly criticized by the Likud leader Benjamin Netanyahu, the former prime minister, who is leading in the polls, for not being tough enough on Hamas and rocket-fire from Gaza. This gave the ruling coalition a strong incentive to demonstrate to the Israeli people their security credentials in order to bolster their chances against the more hawkish Likud.
Third, Hamas repeatedly said it wouldn’t recognize Mahmoud Abbas as president of the Palestinian Authority after his term runs out on January 9. The looming political standoff on the Palestinian side threatens to boost Hamas and undermine Abbas, who had promoted closer security coordination with Israel and was congenial to Israeli demands for concessions on future peace proposals. One possible outcome of this assault is that Abbas will remain in power for a while longer since Hamas will be unable to mobilize its supporters in order to force him to resign.
And finally, Israel was pressed to take action now due to its sense of the American political timeline. The Bush administration rarely exerted a constraint on Israel and would certainly stand by in its waning days, while Barack Obama would not likely want to begin his presidency with a major confrontation with Israel. The Washington Post quoted a Bush administration official saying that Israel struck in Gaza “because they want it to be over before the next administration comes in. They can’t predict how the next administration will handle it. And this is not the way they want to start with the new administration.” Israeli supporters have already tied up the hands of the president-elect by securing supportive resolutions from both chambers of the US Congress. Rami Khoury stated in a recent Daily Star piece that while ” Obama has stayed away from the war, but they brought the war to him – shoving it down his throat as his first pre-incumbency lesson in how American presidents must behave with respect to Israel’s desires if they wish to remain in power.”
At the same time, critics of Hams will argue that Hamas continued to callously sacrifice its fellow Palestinian citizens, as well as Israeli civilians, on the altar of maintaining its pyrrhic resistance credentials and its myopic preoccupation with revenge, and fell into many self-made traps of its own. There had been growing international pressure on Israel to ease its siege and a major increase in creative and nonviolent strategies drawing attention to the plight of Palestinians such as the arrival of humanitarian relief convoys off of Gaza’s coast in the past months, but now Gaza lies in ruins.
But as the vastly more powerful actor holding nearly all the cards in this conflict, the war in Gaza was ultimately Israel’s choice. And for all this bloodshed and violence, Israel must be held accountable. The bloody history of the Israel/ Palestine conflict did not begin with Hamas’s Qassams. It began in 1948 with the dispossession and subsequent exodus of millions of Palestinians. No amount of Israeli force will quell Palestinians’ determination to end their misery by ending Israel’s occupation and to this goal, the world must commit itself.
With the American political establishment firmly and blindly behind Israel’s attack, and Obama’s foreign policy team heavily weighted with pro-Israel insiders like Dennis Ross and Hillary Clinton, any efforts to hold Israel accountable in the United States will depend upon American citizens mobilizing a major grassroots effort behind a new foreign policy that will not tolerate any violations of international law, including those by Israel, and will immediately work towards ending Israel’s siege of Gaza and ending Israel’s occupation.
Aref Assaf, Ph.D., President, American Arab Forum
Spread the love | <urn:uuid:ae851d4d-c324-44e8-b3ff-012a8f816bc4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://aafusa.org/hamas-vs-israel-the-needless-war/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.970169 | 2,834 | 2.078125 | 2 |
It has been said that every day, at every age, we do one of two things. We either build health or produce disease in ourselves. A host of genetic, biological, social, psychological, and environmental stressors affect mind and body daily. We know, for example, that socioeconomic status, race, and ethnicity have an effect on our health and wellness across a lifetime. Poverty, homelessness, and disability, too, take a toll on wellness and longevity, as do behavioral issues such as anxiety, stress, and depression.
A growing body of research suggests that late-life disability, illness, and premature mortality are the result of how an individual’s body adjusts to those stresses and the cumulative effect of a lifetime of adjusting to those stressors. And, in the face of the most significant economic crisis since the Great Depression, a new stressor has been added: financial strain. In fact, according to assistant professor Sarah L. Szanton, PhD, RN, and professor and Associate Dean for Research Jerilyn K. Allen, ScD, RN, FAAN, worries about finances may outstrip socioeconomic status, ethnicity, or disability as a predictor of premature death among older women.
Reporting in the Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, Szanton and Allen found that, without regard to race, age, education, absolute income, insurance status, and illness, older women expressing greater levels of financial stress are 60 percent more likely to die within five years than their less-financially stressed counterparts. Their longitudinal analysis of 728 women between 70 and 79 years of age also found the impact of financial stress on the likelihood of death within five years among older African-American women to be 2.5 times higher than among similarly economically stressed older Caucasian women.
Moreover, the perception of financial strain, particularly among African-American women, may be a better predictor of mortality than actual income because, in contrast to the latter, the former focuses directly on financial adequacy. The authors caution, however, that other factors-neighborhood effects, historical health disadvantages in African Americans, etc.-may explain or contribute to the racial differences in mortality among the older women in the study. Nonetheless, the findings lead Szanton to conclude that, “Money worries can be a significant social determinant of ill health and even death in later life. If we can help address the sources of the financial strain for older adults, such as the monthly costs of multiple medications and health care, we may be able to help reduce the toll economics takes on life and health, particularly among African-American women.” | <urn:uuid:1466ac49-f18b-4559-8226-596a23ef0322> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://magazine.nursing.jhu.edu/2009/04/money-worries-take-a-toll-on-older-womens-health/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.951621 | 528 | 2.59375 | 3 |
All of us love flowers. If you want to learn drawing flowers, you are in right place. Today I complied easy flower drawings step by step for you. I hope you enjoy. Let’s start!
How to draw flowers?
This one is so fascinating
Step by step rose painting
This drawing really meaningful
Soo easy one you can draw this so easily.
How to draw a sunflower
How to draw a flower bush step by step.
Step by step sunflower drawing
Step by step lotus drawing
Simple flower drawing
How to draw very simple rose?
Thank you for reading. I hope this was helpful for your improve art. Please share & like on Pinterest us. Goodbye!
If you are an artist and looking for artist job opportunities have a look to Jooble. | <urn:uuid:6bc97617-0b8a-48a7-93e6-d1f98466f738> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://harunmudak.com/50-draw-flowers-for-beginners-step-by-step/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.947465 | 168 | 2.125 | 2 |
This week the following notice was distributed by email to members of the Aotearoa New Zealand Association of Social Workers:
The Abortion Legislation Bill has passed its first reading and has been referred to the Abortion Legislation Committee with submissions closing 19 September. It is recognised that members have a wide range of views about this legislation which would have to be reflected in an ANZASW submission. For this reason, members are encouraged to make their own submission.
This statement has angered many members who are challenging the association to get off the fence and take a strong stand for reproductive freedom and social justice. Many social work bodies around the world have clearly named reproductive justice a human rights issue in which social workers take a firm stance for freedom and dignity. The inclusion of the suggestion that submissions must reflect the views of all members is highly ambiguous and it is unusual in submission making. This approach also seems likely to produce a weak and rather pointless submission.
Why has our association taken such a weak and prevaricating stance on this issue? The current legislation is 42 years old. The 1977 Contraception, Sterilisation and Abortion Act is so out of date that the youngest people who voted in the election before the abortion vote in NZ (1975 election, 1977 vote) would be 61 today. As one person on Twitter said: “Barring medical marvels, no one currently of child-bearing age has had an opportunity to vote on this issue.” ( Beddoe 2018 ). The current system poses far too many barriers and is stigmatising ( see Stanfield, 2018).
Let’s look elsewhere:
The International Federation of Social Workers promotes the right to participate in health decisions as a human right: ‘Social workers should promote the full involvement and participation of people using their services in ways that enable them to be empowered in all aspects of decisions and actions affecting their lives’ (IFSW, 2004: 4.1 Human Rights and Human Dignity section, item 2). Reproductive choice is fundamental to this participation: ‘Full reproductive freedom, including access to family planning services such as abortion, is necessary for women to retain total control of their own bodies’ (Gezinski, 2011, p.838).
The National Association of Social Workers (US) where abortion is under attack from the religious right has an explicit mandate for social work support for reproductive rights including, demanding:
abortion services that are confidential, available at a reasonable cost, and covered in public and private health insurance plans on a par with other kinds of health services;
legislation to facilitate a woman’s access to contraceptives and emergency contraception [and] ensures privately and publicly funded health insurance coverage includes access to all forms of reproductive health technologies, contraceptives, vaccinations, and medication
Furthermore, US social workers who do not provide clients with comprehensive resources pertaining to the legal reproductive health options available to them “are in direct contravention of the NASW Code of Ethics unless they, a) disclose the limited scope of their services and b) assist clients in obtaining comprehensive services elsewhere”. (NASW, 2017, p.117).
The Queensland branch of the Australian Association of Social Workers wrote in a submission on law reform in that state:
AASW believes that creating unnecessary bureaucratisation of the process for seeking a termination of pregnancy would undermine the overall human rights principles of any laws regarding termination of pregnancy. Considering termination of pregnancy as a health matter with a focus on the emotional, social, psychological and physical wellbeing of the woman is crucial.
The Abortion Legislation Bill currently before the house will require objecting doctors to refer women to providers who do not object – and we expect the same principle to be true for social workers who work with clients who might wish to have an abortion.
Various polls have New Zealanders agreement in support of decriminalisation at between 64% – 70%. Recent research highlighted an important indication of public support for abortion in New Zealand (Huang, Osborne, & Sibley, 2019). The study examines data on attitudes to abortion taken from the 2016-17 New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study which is a longitudinal panel survey of nearly 20,000 thousand people aged over 18. Huang et al., report that a majority of those surveyed either strongly agree or agree that abortion should be legal regardless of the reason, and even more strongly support safe access if the woman’s life is endangered. Related results from New Zealand Election study surveys that show that in 2008 45% percent of those surveyed disagreed with a statement that abortion was always wrong, but by 2017 this figure had risen to almost 64%. percent. Only 17% percent thought that abortion was always wrong.
ANZASW has always previously been in support of abortion as a health matter. In 1977 the association submission stated that abortion “Is a health issue”. Furthermore, they reiterated that the decision to have an abortion “should be that of the woman alone” however they noted that “in the event of this not being acceptable at the present time, then the most humane method, in our view is a system which involves the woman and her G.P.” Clearly the ANZASW was committed then to a future where abortion would truly be the decision of the pregnant person, and theirs alone.
It is important to note that the 1977 submission to government is not without its flaws. It did place a heavy emphasis on the need for counselling for anyone considering an abortion, including that the pregnant person has to know what her “alternatives” are. The framing of this suggests that having an abortion in and of itself would pose a mental health risk, something we now know to be false (van Ditzhuijzen, ten Have, de Graaf, van Nijnatten, & Vollebergh, 2017). We would expect that a current submission from ANZASW would support the availability of counselling for those who need it (either before or after) without relying on the myth of abortion causing poor mental health.
A press release was issued at the time of the release of the 2018 Law Commission report, but this was barely noted in social media. The focus is interesting, suggesting an ongoing role for social workers in abortion services, rather than a clear women’s rights approach:
The Association is pleased that the restrictive, decades-old laws that regulate abortion look set to be updated. We are encouraged by the fact that all the options for reform proposed in the report call for the practice to be decriminalised and treated instead as a matter of health, in keeping with the Prime Minister and the Minister of Justice’s past statements on the issue. Social workers are committed to walking with women / wahine through their decision-making process when considering a termination of their pregnancy. Members of our profession work with the affected person to help them make an informed, clear-minded and independent decision, free from judgment and in an environment where they are not subject to external coercion. (ANZASW, 2018ba)
The official ANZASW submission to the Law Commission was developed by a rather unusual process (ANZASW, 2018b). A request was sent to District Health Board Social Work Leaders Council requesting that a self-developed questionnaire be circulated to social workers working in the field of abortion and pregnancy counselling, thus accessing a very limited range of inputs. Responses were received from six members all of whom were registered social workers employed by District Health Boards. Effectively this submission did not make a clear stand on abortion rights, rather it is largely focused on the current services provided by social workers.
Why the conservative shift? We are very concerned that perhaps the board is frightened of a minority of fundamentalist Christians? What’s next, if social work starts pandering to the religious right extremist views about women’s rights and roles, gender (s) and sexuality?
We also want to challenge the idea of each and every submission can reflect the wide views of members. As a peak body for social workers the association needs to show leadership. There were probably pro child smacking social workers but the association took the high moral ground on removal of the defence of smacking children in the Crimes Act. The association opposed the TPPA and that was unlikely to have reflected the views of National party voting members. And there are social workers who are more or less mens’ rights zealots who think women are equally responsible for family violence. Do we have to pander to them? There are climate change deniers, homophobes, transphobes and…… well the list goes on. Is the board saying that unless all members agree we can’t have clear submissions on anything? This would be patently absurd.
We stand for social justice and human rights. Sexuality, gender identity, reproductive freedoms are core in human rights. Supporting law reform doesn’t makes anyone else have an abortion, marry a same sex partner and so forth. The simple answer to those who would deny pregnant people their right to bodily autonomy. ‘You don’t believe in abortion – don’t have one’. And butt out of other people’s private lives.
Readers who want to make a submission can do so here: https://www.parliament.nz/en/pb/sc/make-a-submission/document/52SCAL_SCF_BILL_89814/abortion-legislation-bill
Aotearoa New Zealand Association of Social Workers (7 November, 2018a). ANZASW statement on Abortion Law Reform. Press release. Christchurch, NZ: Author
Aotearoa New Zealand Association of Social Workers (2018b). Submission to the Law Commission on Abortion Law. Christchurch, NZ: Author
Beddoe, L. (2018) Reproductive rights are a social work issue. [blogpost] Reimagining Social Work. https://www.reimaginingsocialwork.nz/2018/05/reproductive-rights-are-a-social-work-issue/
Stanfield, D. (2018). Abortion law reform in Aotearoa New Zealand: in search of human rights, autonomy and empathy. [blogpost] Reimagining Social Work. https://www.reimaginingsocialwork.nz/2018/11/abortion-law-reform-in-aotearoa-new-zealand-in-search-of-human-rights-autonomy-and-empathy/
Gezinski, L. B. (2012). The Global Gag Rule: Impacts of conservative ideology on women’s health. International Social Work, 55(6) 837-849.
Huang, Y., Osborne, D., & Sibley, C. (2019). Sociodemographic factors associated with attitudes towards abortion in New Zealand. New Zealand Medical Journal, 132 (1497) 9-20.
National Association of Social Workers. (2017). Social work speaks: National Association of Social Workers policy statements 2015–2017 (10th ed.). Washington, DC: NASW Press.
van Ditzhuijzen, J., ten Have, M., de Graaf, R., van Nijnatten, C. H., & Vollebergh, W. A. (2017). Correlates of common mental disorders among Dutch women who have had an abortion: A longitudinal cohort study. Perspectives on Sexual And Reproductive Health, 49(2), 123-131.
http://alranz.org/ (many resources to help social workers write a submission)
https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/114817864/abortion-bill-heads-to-parliament-whats-changing-and-when ( a short summary of main points)
https://womensrefuge.org.nz/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Reproductive-Coercion-Report.pdf (Research on reproductive control as an element of coercive control in abusive relationships) | <urn:uuid:df8feed6-ca3e-408c-b4cc-1a4b583467f0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://reimaginingsocialwork.nz/2019/08/17/time-for-social-work-to-make-a-clear-stand-for-abortion-law-reform/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00676.warc.gz | en | 0.941417 | 2,604 | 1.5 | 2 |
I have developed a bit of a reputation in my Children’s Literature classes. It is a reputation for crying. For the most part, my students are tolerant of this habit of mine, though they do occasionally burst out laughing when they see me starting to film up. Occasionally they drop by my office or leave notes on their exam papers reassuring me that they too were moved to tears by the books on the course.
My other literature classes do not seem to produce the same effect. While many of the poems and novels deal with death and suffering, they do so in a way that provokes anger or nausea rather than tears. Children’s novels, on the other hand, seem to specialize in a kind of lyrical sentiment that I am powerless to resist.
I am able to control my tears when I am talking about the books – but when I open them up to read key quotations, there are certain passages that never leave me dry-eyed. Here are some of them.
1. When I read this one aloud I can usually keep the tears from actually spilling over, but it always chokes me up:
He was a little boy, and she was grown up. She huddled by the fire not daring to move, helpless and guilty, a big woman.
"Hullo, Wendy," he said, not noticing any difference, for he was thinking chiefly of himself; and in the dim light her white dress might have been the nightgown in which he had seen her first.
"Hullo, Peter," she replied faintly, squeezing herself as small as possible. Something inside her was crying, "Woman, woman, let go of me."
2. Nostalgia for lost childhood is always good for a tear or two, even in the context of a happy ending like this one:
Afterwards, Aunt Gwen tried to describe to her husband that second parting between them. ‘He ran up to her, and they hugged each other as if they had known each other for years and years, instead of only having met for the first time this morning. There was something else, too, Alan, although I know you’ll say it sounds even more absurd … Of course, Mrs Bartholomew’s such a shrunken little old woman, she’s hardly bigger than Tom, anyway: but, you know, he put his arms right round her and he hugged her goodbye as if she were a little girl.’
3. Okay, those two were just a warm-up. Now I’m pulling out the big guns.
Next day, as the Ferris wheel was being taken apart and the race horses were being loaded into vans and the entertainers were packing up their belongings and driving away in their trailers, Charlotte died. The Fair Grounds were soon deserted. The sheds and buildings were empty and forlorn. The field was littered with bottles and trash. Nobody, of the hundreds of people that had visited the Fair, knew that a grey spider had played the most important part of all. No one was with her when she died.
(I have to say, reading these aloud in class is bad, but writing them out is much worse.)
4. Now here’s the one that really wrecks me, every time:
"Oh, Anne, I know I’ve been kind of strict and harsh with you maybe – but you mustn’t think I didn’t love you as well as Matthew did, for all that. I want to tell you now when I can. It’s never been easy for me to say things out of my heart, but at times like this it’s easier. I love you as dear as if you were my own flesh and blood and you’ve been my joy and comfort ever since you came to Green Gables.
At this point, I usually fling the book and down and dismiss the class for a break to give me time to collect myself before we move on to our next topic (Mrs. Rachel Lynde – friend or foe?). What I cannot do at all is read the following quotation from the previous chapter:
"Well now, I’d rather have you than a dozen boys, Anne," said Matthew patting her hand. "Just mind you that – rather than a dozen boys. Well now, I guess it wasn’t a boy that took the Avery scholarship, was it? It was a girl – my girl – my girl that I’m proud of."
Okay, seriously - am I the only one crying here? | <urn:uuid:2e9d528e-bb3f-4c3e-bb3c-1cbb7595af83> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://bubandpie.blogspot.com/2007/06/warning-tear-jerker-zone.html?showComment=1183167540000 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720845.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00086-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.987336 | 947 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Mercury(II) removal from aqueous solutions and wastewaters using a novel cation exchanger derived from coconut coir pith and its recovery.J Hazard Mater. 2008 Sep 15; 157(2-3):620-7.JH
A new adsorbent (PGCP-COOH) having carboxylate functional group at the chain end was synthesized by grafting poly(hydroxyethylmethacrylate) onto coconut coir pith, CP (a coir industry-based lignocellulosic residue), using potassium peroxydisulphate as an initiator and in the presence of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide as a cross-linking agent. The adsorbent was characterized with the help of infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and potentiometric titrations. The ability of PGCP-COOH to remove Hg(II) from aqueous solutions was assessed using batch adsorption technique under kinetic and equilibrium conditions. Adsorbent exhibits very high adsorption potential for Hg(II) and more than 99.0% removal was achieved in the pH range 5.5-8.0. Adsorption process was found to follow first-order-reversible kinetics. An increase of ionic strength of the medium caused a decrease in metal removal, indicating the occurrence of outer-sphere surface complex mechanism. The equilibrium data were fitted well by the Freundlich isotherm model (R(2)=0.99; chi(2)=1.81). The removal efficiency was tested using chlor-alkali industry wastewater. Adsorption isotherm experiments were also conducted for comparison using a commercial carboxylate-functionalized ion exchanger, Ceralite IRC-50. Regeneration experiments were tried for four cycles and results indicate a capacity loss of <9.0%. | <urn:uuid:b2526502-a61c-4e68-8c9e-00b1eb514488> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/18313209/Mercury_II__removal_from_aqueous_solutions_and_wastewaters_using_a_novel_cation_exchanger_derived_from_coconut_coir_pith_and_its_recovery_ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00278.warc.gz | en | 0.931942 | 407 | 1.875 | 2 |
Third phase (2015-2019) of the World Programme for Human Rights Education
The Human Rights Council, in its resolution 24/15 (8 October 2013), decided to focus the World Programme’s third phase (2015-2019) on strengthening the implementation of the first two phases and promoting human rights training for media professionals and journalists. This resolution was adopted following the OHCHR consultation on the focus of the third phase, as presented in the High Commissioner’s report A/HRC/24/24. OHCHR, in consultation with States, intergovernmental organizations, national human rights institutions and civil society, elaborated a plan of action for the third phase (2015-2019) of the World Programme (document A/HRC/27/28).
For further information, please contact:
World Programme for Human Rights Education
Palais des Nations
CH - 1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland | <urn:uuid:d48439b5-0176-421e-936d-e05140e899b0> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/Education/Training/WPHRE/ThirdPhase/Pages/ThirdPhaseIndex.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719453.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00230-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.858628 | 183 | 1.984375 | 2 |
Our current read-aloud book is the chapter book Millions by Frank Cottrell Boyce. Two English elementary school brothers stumble onto a stack of cash, just before the pound will become obsolete, in favor of the Euro. They have sixteen days left, and at their current rate of spending, it will still take the boys 655 days to get rid of their secret stash of money. They try everything –Â hire a taxi to take them home from school, buying used toys from their friends at school, and they’re paying ten pound notes for extra portions of desert in the school cafeteria.
There are other subplots as well — the boys recently lost their mother, and they have for months relied upon their story, “we just lost our mom” to open doors and candy shops for them. Now, they no longer need to rely on other’s sympathy to get what they want… because they have cash. Here’s an excerpt from my favorite part of the book — and the part that got the most laughter out of the boys, so far.
On the way home, we stopped at the shop and Anthony bought a bottle of Sunny Delight the size of an oxygen tank. He saw me looking at it and said to the man, “Make it a double.”
The boys play “cash Jenga” with the door closed to the bedroom (they can’t let their dad find out about the cash), and it inspired my kids to figure out if they could do the same thing — with a deck of cards.
The book is kid-cute, yet carries such a big message about supply and demand, love and greed and being content with what is — it leaves adults smiling and thinking about the passages long after you’ve put away the book for the night. This is the second time I’ve read this book — the first time, the green sweatshirt lover was in my belly, and the baby wasn’t even here yet. As soon as we finished the book, we treated ourselves to the movie, “Millions.”
We were seriously disappointed. As the boys said, “they left so much out!” Then, they did the math of how long it took us to read the book, so just imagine how long the movie would have to be.
The book was much better than the movie, but there was one scene in the movie that became crystal clear to me on the screen, rather than the printed page. You’ll have to get the book, and watch the movie to see what I mean… then email me to see if we agree.
A friend once told me I should learn to play golf, so that I would have something to do with my boys when they’re all grown up. I have yet to learn. Still, I’m hoping that we can have a grown-up book club someday between us, because to date, most of our greatest memories come from the time we spend sharing books together. | <urn:uuid:b29c07e3-154d-4cd8-a2a0-7357843f6a83> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://susiej.com/sunny-d-as-big-as-an-oxygen-tank/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.97581 | 631 | 1.945313 | 2 |
Surge Protectors Recalled Due to Fire Hazard
We use them to give us more access to electricity, and to protect our precious electronics and gizmos…but that surge protector you’re using could be a fire hazard.
Schneider Electric is recalling their APC 7 and 8 Series SurgeArrest product because they can apparently overheat in certain conditions, leading them to melt, and possibly start smoking…which can lead to a fire.
The scary part? They were all manufactured and sold more than 10 years ago, and yet they are only being recalled now despite numerous reports of contact burns, smoke inhalation, and property damage.
The items were sold nationwide from January 1993 to December 2002 at Best Buy, Circuit City, CompUSA, and other stores for between $13 and $50.
The recalled model numbers are:
7 Series model numbers
8 Series model numbers
You’ll find the model number on the bar code on the bottom of the protector.
The first two NUMBERS of the serial number reflect the year of manufacture, with the recall including: 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 00, 01 or 02.
If you have one of these products in your home, you should immediately unplug it and stop using it. You can contact the company for a free replacement surge protector by phone at (888) 437-4007 from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday through Friday, or online at http://recall.apc.com/en. | <urn:uuid:34ee50e5-39ae-45f6-8d5b-c80fcdd1ba67> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://943thepoint.com/surge-protectors-recalled-due-to-fire-hazard/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00511-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.894408 | 321 | 1.648438 | 2 |
At a Glance
Follow the evolution of American music along the Mississippi.
River of Song
This site is a companion to a Smithsonian series produced in collaboration with public broadcasting stations in 1999. The series, River of Song, traced the history and character of contemporary American music along the Misssissippi River, from the head of the river in Minnesota to its mouth in Louisiana. The site offers 300-word biographies of each of the approximately 40 artists and music groups featured in the four-part series. Artists featured include Minnesota folk singer John Koerner, the Ojibwe powwow drummers of the Chippewa Nation, Illinois bluegrass group the Bob Lewis Family, and Louisiana blues musician Eddie Bo. Each profile includes 34 photographs and links to the musicians' own or related websites and artists are also indexed by genre and name.
The Music Along the River section provides more general information about the history and character of music in the four regions along the Mississippi River. There is a roughly 750-word narrative description of the music in each region. Each regional section includes links to approximately 10 articles from past Smithsonian Folklife Festival and Cultural Studies programs and five to seven other links to informational articles about that region.
A Teacher's Guide designed to accompany a videotape or CD of the music provides over 30 different activities for elementary and middle school students, including songs and specific exercises in rhythm, scales, notes, drumbeat patterns, and chords. Though the site is frustratingly devoid of audio clips of the music presented in the series, some of the related links do provide audio samples. This site is particularly ideal for music teachers, but could also be used in history classes to discuss American culture and the development of distinctively American kinds of music. | <urn:uuid:c6eb1d1a-d51d-423c-b203-f5d366281697> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://teachinghistory.org/history-content/website-reviews/23071 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570921.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809094531-20220809124531-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.939349 | 361 | 3.015625 | 3 |
Without an FDA approved drug in the last decade, investigators have found ways to improve diagnostics for patients suffering from Alzheimer disease.
The largest generation the nation has ever seen is 60-70 years old now, which means the United States is getting older—faster than it has ever gotten older before.
What the Baby Boomer generation is headed towards in the final decades of their lives is the greatest risk they will have of developing Alzheimer disease, dementia, or any number of cognition-affecting conditions.
And yet, there are few options to help them—at least none that are new. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved an Alzheimer disease therapy since 2003, and investigators are not close to presenting any novel drug right now.
But the key to developing new drugs for the disorder may actually be improved measures in actually diagnosing it at its earliest stages. Since 2010, advances in Alzheimer disease research have focused on pinpointing its characteristics out of a lineup of similar dementia symptoms, giving clinicians a shot to better treat the disease in this upcoming generation of senior citizens.
The key player in such advancements has been a powerful screening tool. Aaron Ritter, MD, director of clinical trials at the Cleveland Clinic’s Lou Ruvo Center, explained in an interview with MD Magazine® that in 2012, improvements were made to amyloid PET scans which has since allowed doctors to detect amyloid plaques in the brain.
It’s completely changed the timeline of disease identification, giving physician an earnest chance to track and combat the disease.
“So, it used to be that Alzheimer’s was purely a post mortem diagnosis, supported by clinical features, but now we can actually visualize amyloid plaque in the brain,” Ritter explained. “It really kind of took hold in probably the last 8 years with the licensing of amyloid.”
Alzheimer disease is an extremely challenging disease to diagnose, largely because it progresses very slowly, and the ability to measure brain activity is challenging. Traditionally, the best diagnostic testing for Alzheimer disease occurs in an autopsy once the patient has died.
When the decade began, most of the clinical trials involved testing medications that clear amyloid in the brain actually worked. But by applying the new amyloid PET scan to this patient population, researchers found only 70% to 80% of the patients in clinical trials that have Alzheimer disease actually have amyloid in their brain.
This could completely alter the process of identifying potential therapies.
There has also been breakthroughs in understanding the role of Alzheimer’s greatest symptom: dementia. Clinicians have uncovered in the last 10 years that it is not as great a tell as they previously thought—about 30% of patients with dementia have a different disease process.
Though the dearth of new drugs in the last 2 decades has made treating the disease in current patients particularly challenging, this decade has seen an increase in ongoing clinical trials which leave the field hopeful for eventual successes.
One of the tools helping investigators make progress is the Alzheimer's disease drug development pipeline, an annual comprehensive summary of all pharmacologic Alzheimer trials currently in development in the US.
As of December 2019, there are 132 agents currently in 156 clinical trials—28 of which are in 42 phase 3 trials; 74 in 83 phase 2 trials; and 30 in 31 phase 1 trials.
Currently in the Alzheimer disease pipeline are 19 agents in trials targeting cognitive enhancement, 14 treating neuropsychiatric and behavioral symptoms, and 96 agents in disease modification trials—of which 38 are focusing on amyloid, as either the primary target or as one of several effects.
Of the amyloid-targeting agents, 18 are small molecules, and 20 are monoclonal antibodies or biological therapies. Also in development are 7 small molecules and 10 biologics that have tau as either the primary target or as a combination target.
Ritter said the pipeline has grown steadily every year, while research funding has actually grown exponentially toward 2020.
Recent data from early stage clinical trials show that a disease-modifying therapy is on the precipice. Even Ritter predicts a drug will available sometime in the 2020s.
“The next decade will hopefully lead to finally these were called disease modifying effects medicines that slower stop the progression of the disease,” he said. “But if we hadn't made the advances in diagnosis, we would still be putting a lot of people in clinical trials who actually don't have Alzheimer's because the diagnosis was not sophisticated enough.”
Arjun Masurkar, MD, PhD, a neurologist and assistant professor in the departments of neurology and neuroscience & psychology at NYU Langone Health, told MD Mag the field has a model to follow in that set by oncologists: “the more trials that are done, the more research articles that are published, it really moves the needle forward towards a cure.”
“We really need to exponentially advance the number of trials that we have, as well as the participation of people out there in the general public, as well as a diverse population, so that we can really move forward with discovering therapy,” Masurkar said.
The greatest difference—and potentially the biggest issue—is average patient’s age. Christine Liu, MD, assistant professor of Medicine at Boston University focusing on geriatrics, explained to MD Mag that, despite some advancements in diagnostics and potential medications, the medical community is ill-prepared to handle the aging population.
“I think we're at the point where we can't handle it already, and we have been for a while, and it is just going to get worse,” Liu said. “What I often see in my own clinical practice is we get folks who were cared for by someone without geriatric background or training, and then they come and see us and we start peeling away things. We start talking about what’s their quality of life, and people are just so grateful.”
A goal-based approach could yield positive results in treating geriatric patients, particularly if some of the endpoint goals include quality-of-life improvements.
Still, some of the factors preventing better geriatric care are money and manpower. She said there are only 4000-5000 geriatricians in the field. Primary care, family practice, and internal medicine physicians are not as valued within their system as they may be in another specialty’s.
Liu added it is difficult for something as large as the US healthcare system to be able to adapt to the changing trends and demographics.
Indeed, the numbers point that growing problem. According to a Massachusetts Institute of Technology review, 16% of the US population is at least 65-years old, with the number expected to increase to 21% by 2035. At that time, senior citizens will outnumber children and adolescents combined.
Without advancements coming next in medicine, it will be difficult to handle that rate of patients. What helps somewhat is knowing the bar is still low for therapies.
“We don't have any good evidence of what will be 100% effective,” Liu said. “The way I think about dementia is we don't have a cure for it—we don't even really have any good treatments for it.” | <urn:uuid:55c616d4-1e20-402b-9cc8-2e49db9c8fd1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hcplive.com/view/diagnostic-advancements-alzheimer-disease-treatments | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.965777 | 1,510 | 3.109375 | 3 |
- Protect your passwords– Lock your phone with a solid password and unique finger impression or Touch ID. Utilize a portable password director like 1Password or LastPass to keep your passwords solid and novel over the majority of your devices and accounts.
- Turn off lock screen notifications– From text messages to online social media notifications, there’s a ton of individual data that can fly up on your phone’s lock screen for the world to see. Impairing lock-screen application notifications is a direct and advance way for concealing individual subtle elements from prying eyes. To turn off application notifications on iOS:
– Go to Settings > Notifications.
– Select an app and turn off the “Show on Lock Screen” setting. Or turn off previews for all apps by selecting “Show Previews” and tapping “When Unlocked” or “Never.”
– Go to Settings > Lock screen and security > Notifications.
– Toggle “Hide content” to on.
Set text previews so you only see the name of the person texting you or disable previews all together.
– Go to Settings > Notifications > Messages.
– Under Alerts, toggle “Show on Lock Screen” to off. Or, if you never want text previews to pop up, tap “Show Previews” under Options and select “Never.”
– Go to Messaging > Settings > Preview Messages.
– Then either turn off the previews or disable notifications.
- Lock your apps– App lockers give an additional level of security for your apps and work simply like the lock you set on your phone. On the off chance that another person utilizes your phone or if your gadget is stolen, the information in your apps remains locked behind a password.
- Hide your pictures– Protect yourself from a situation where somebody with your phone swipes past a personal photograph. Utilize a photograph vault app to store photographs that are for your eyes just behind a password and keep personal pictures private. You can likewise set up different special albums if you wish to share it with others.
- Use private profiles and private number– In case you’re dating or purchasing and offering things on the web, don’t give out your private phone number to somebody you just met. A burner phone app makes new phone numbers at whatever point you require them and personal details from the public world. You can send and get texts, calls and photographs from your main phone or gadget and keep your own phone number private. Make sure your social media profiles are in the private mode and only your friends/followers can view what you post online. This will eliminate the threat of identity theft and other threats that can arrive from exploitation of your information online.
- Keep your browsing secret– If you utilize free WiFi hotspots out in the open spaces, utilize a VPN to hide your own data from an unsecured open system. Ensure it’s a legitimate VPN service that you pay for and trust to keep up your security. | <urn:uuid:20cdd04d-13ad-412c-a658-992c541d367d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://connect2effect.com/lisbon/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571536.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811224716-20220812014716-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.862461 | 641 | 1.570313 | 2 |
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