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In Rotorua, New Zealand an eclectic group of creative and rebellious senior citizens dance to blaring music and celebrate life while decorating their DIY coffins. They all belong to the town’s coffin club.
What is a coffin club?
A coffin club provides a friendly environment to openly talk about death, and be sociable while doing so.
The New Zealand-based club began in 2010, when former palliative-care nurse, Katie Williams thought of the idea to recognize people’s life journeys with a more personal farewell. Katie, who had no prior craftsmanship experience, approached a group of local handymen to help her with build a casket.
“The coffin club helps people feel useful, and it is very social. We have morning tea and lunch, and music blaring, and cuddles,” Katie told The Guardian.
The Coffin Club describes itself as the ‘makers of fine, affordable, underground furniture,’ and has inspired a number of communities across the world to continue the legacy.
Many funeral homes in the U.S. can help families to arrange for a personalized funeral service, which truly reflects their loved one’s individuality. A DIY casket could be a feature of an alternative funeral held to celebrate the life of someone who loved to spend time in their home workshop.
Is there a coffin club in the U.S.?
Although there is no official coffin club in the U.S. yet, there are a number of coffin companies that can assist you while you learn how to build a casket. One of which is Northwood’s Casket Company, who supply ‘Build Your Own Coffin Kits’ that come complete with pre-cut wooden parts, screws, glue and sandpaper.
Woodworkers who love making things around the house may also be inspired to make more ambitious final furniture. Casket Plans, for instance, provides step-by-step instructions on how to build a casket of your choice, according to your level of skill. Its Birchwood Casket Plan is a detailed 16-page guide with lots of pictures to assist competent woodworkers with everything from building the rounded lid with textured panels, to making the coffin handles.
With over 60 members attending the club in New Zealand, each coffin is more elaborate than the next. One coffin clubber has decorated their coffin with a montage of Elvis Presley, while others have chosen landscapes or newspaper cuttings to decorate theirs.
This coffin club attracted filmmaker Briar March to create a musical documentary about the friendly society and its members, some of whom are living with a terminal illness. In the film, every part is sung, danced, and performed by the coffin club members, who have been attracting fans and followers around the world.
Coffins clubs around the world
The trend has also inspired Australians in the Tasmanian town of Ulverstone, who gather together weekly in a community shed to build caskets. The members of the club supply their own coffin materials but get free access to the space, equipment and a coffin design mentor.
Founder of the Australian coffin club, Lynne Jarvis says: “A coffin club is bound to make a positive impact to individuals themselves, and their communities.”
The first coffin club has also recently launched in the UK and its founders say that its provided a safe space for death-positive conversations, as well as make new friendships.
“Within the first five minutes of the club starting, everyone starts bonding and getting along,” says co-founder Kate Dyer.
Discover more on how to choose a coffin or casket on our Help & Resources pages. | <urn:uuid:d29331c2-568d-44ab-b842-ee046464abda> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.funeralguide.com/blog/build-you-own-coffin | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570868.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808152744-20220808182744-00066.warc.gz | en | 0.947348 | 759 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Stanborough, T and Fegan, N and Powell, SM and Singh, T and Tamplin, M and Chandry, PS, Genomic and metabolic characterisation of spoilage-associated Pseudomonas species, International Journal of Food Microbiology, 268 pp. 61-72. ISSN 0168-1605 (2018) [Refereed Article]
© 2018 Elsevier B.V.
Pseudomonas are common spoilage agents of aerobically stored fresh foods. Their ability to cause spoilage is species- and may be strain-specific. To improve our understanding of the meat and milk spoilage agents Pseudomonas fragi and Pseudomonas lundensis, we sequenced the genomes of 12 P. fragi and seven P. lundensis isolates. These genomes provided a dataset for genomic analyses. Key volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced or metabolised by the isolates were determined during their growth on a beef paste and where possible, metabolic activity was associated with gene repertoire.
Genome analyses showed that the isolates included in this work may belong to more than two Pseudomonas species with possible spoilage potential. Pan-genome analyses demonstrated a high degree of diversity among the P. fragi and genetic flexibility and diversity may be traits of both species. Growth of the P. lundensis isolates was characterised by the production of large amounts of 1-undecene, 5-methyl-2-hexanone and methyl-2-butenoic acid. P. fragi isolates produced extensive amounts of methyl and ethyl acetate and the production of methyl esters predominated over ethyl esters. Some of the P. fragi produced extremely low levels of VOCs, highlighting the importance of strain-specific studies in food matrices. Furthermore, although usually not considered to be denitrifiers, all isolates generated molecular nitrogen, indicating that at least some steps of this pathway are intact.
|Item Type:||Refereed Article|
|Keywords:||Pseudomonas, spoilage, genomics, metabolic, meat spoilage, Pseudomonas fragi, Pseudomonas lundensis, VOCs, volatile organic compounds|
|Research Division:||Biological Sciences|
|Research Field:||Microbiology not elsewhere classified|
|Objective Group:||Public health (excl. specific population health)|
|Objective Field:||Food safety|
|UTAS Author:||Stanborough, T (Ms Tamsyn Stanborough)|
|UTAS Author:||Powell, SM (Dr Shane Powell)|
|UTAS Author:||Tamplin, M (Professor Mark Tamplin)|
|Web of Science® Times Cited:||32|
|Deposited By:||TIA - Research Institute|
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‘Baby talk’ has shorter sentences, simpler words and more repetition.
People often tell new parents to avoid 'baby talk' because it will slow down the child's language development. But evidence shows it does the opposite.
Modern women are expected to juggle work, homelife and motherhood, mostly by themselves.
Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock
The pressure on new mums can be overwhelming, but culturally they are expected to go it alone.
Childhood obesity can be tackled from birth – so why aren’t we doing anything about it?
To combat childhood obesity, we need to start from day one.
It’s not all sunshine and roses for some mums.
Negative breastfeeding experiences can make special drives to encourage it all too painful for some.
Breastfeeding norms vary around the world.
Is there anything wrong with breastfeeding children up to five or six?
Midwives commonly supervise feeds and interject when women do something “wrong”.
The most common complaint is conflicting advice, as well as staff who are "bossy, judgemental and inaccessible" and who undermine women's confidence.
Babies learn by example.
New research has questioned the nature of humans' impressive capacity to imitate.
Paul Hakimata Photography
Why we can't help feeling affection for babies, puppies, dolls, teddies and even miniature products.
A detail from Stanisław Wyspiański’s “Macierzynstwo” (1905).
What are we really talking about when we criticize women who breastfeed in public?
A lot was already going on at the halfway point.
Kensington Palace handout/PA
If you thought babies' babbling was just nonsense, it's time to think again.
Why are some new parents wiping vaginal fluid all over their baby’s mouth, eyes, and skin?
Babies show a preference for faces over other objects.
Just a few hours after birth, infants show a preference for human faces. Over the next few months, they learn from facial expressions.
Understand what’s going in their little heads.
Understand what's going on in your child's brain and it could help your parenting.
Pregnant women in three Australian cities are not told that lead exposure during pregnancy is linked to miscarriage and early delivery.
Parents in three Australian states are being given misleading advice about the dangers of lead to babies and small children – including failing to warn pregnant women about miscarriage risks.
Babyfoot via Michael Kempf/www.shutterstock.com
The world outside the womb is full of new sensations for a newborn. New research is explaining how they navigate it.
What the world is waiting for?
Since science made it possible to research manipulating the cells that are linked to reproduction, the naysayers have carried the day. But how solid are their objections really?
Can you say ‘elephant’?
Out research showed that motor skills in 7-month-old babies predicted the rate of language development in children that went on to develop autism spectrum disorder.
Most parents we interviewed described having “unrealistic” expectations about baby behaviour.
Becoming a parent is commonly imagined to be a joyful and “natural” life event. The reality is often very different. In the early weeks and months of life with a first baby, parents must master new skills…
If you’re born underweight, like this little baby on the left, it can make a world of difference to your lifelong health.
Tony Abbott is spending this week in North-East Arnhem Land, part of his long-held hope “to be not just the Prime Minister but the Prime Minister for Aboriginal Affairs”. We asked our experts: what stories…
The future’s bright.
Alzheimer’s disease is typically a disease of later life, and age is the biggest known risk factor for the condition. But babies with Down syndrome, who always develop brains like those with Alzheimer’s… | <urn:uuid:a17997b7-258e-40ae-aee4-4c1553aade76> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://theconversation.com/global/topics/babies-2292 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720153.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00323-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.930341 | 854 | 2.328125 | 2 |
SOUTH AFRICA - Over a three-month period around the turn of the year, ostriches at three farms in Western Cape province tested positive for the H5N2 low-pathogenic avian influenza virus.
The veterinary authority sent Follow-up Report No.4 dated 23 March to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), detailing three outbreaks of low-pathogenic avian influenza of the H5N2 sub-type.
They occurred between 13 November 2014 and 1 January 2015, one in Mossel Bay and two in Hessequa.
In total, 3,306 birds were affected, of which 894 tested positive for the virus.
You can visit the Avian Flu page by clicking here.
ThePoultrySite News Desk | <urn:uuid:95349007-1207-47aa-9fb2-c90da3c622e5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.thepoultrysite.com/poultrynews/34715/three-outbreaks-of-lowpath-avian-flu-in-south-african-ostriches/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283008.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00079-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926161 | 159 | 1.851563 | 2 |
Piano technique lesson. Covers how to play Hanon's Keyboard exercises to improve dexterity and sight reading. Filmed in 2001. Dan Lefler, Danman's Music School. To print the lesson notes for this video and 1000's more piano lessons go to Danmans.com (file: 1433)
Questions about Piano Lesson - Hanon Finger Exercise #11
Want more info about Piano Lesson - Hanon Finger Exercise #11?
Get free advice from education experts and Noodle community members. | <urn:uuid:2e8d4d4d-e5ac-4e63-a652-42f1f79e9ef8> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.noodle.com/learn/details/35607/piano-lesson-hanon-finger-exercise-11 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988722459.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183842-00344-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.813558 | 106 | 2.21875 | 2 |
Without knowing, many people have encountered work by R.W. van de Wint. The large vertical paintings in the dutch National Assembly are paintings by R.W. van de Wint.
RWVDW will become increasingly imortant for dutch art because he bought a piece of land in the year of his death , meaning to turn this into a outside museum in which he and his friend artist could develop their works in an outside situation. Much like Ian Hamilton Finlay intended to do in the same your 2006. he also died in the year he started his developments, but there is a difference too. The Dutch municipal government of Den Helder embrased the plans and is now building a nice compact museum beside the sculpture garden. The building is delayed because of the pandemic and the park/garden is not open yet, but this will be our first museum visit after the museums reopen. A great initiative and i can only recommend the park because personally i consider sculpture gardens among the most accessible and high valued cultural desitinations.
On the first initiative, Arlette Brouwes designed this “bidbook” for the Nolen project in 1986. The idea is now 35 years in development and soon, the project will have been completed. Meaning a start for a collection of which RWVDW must have dreamed a very longtime. | <urn:uuid:3089e166-cb07-47ec-9b6b-eeebff85e58d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ftn-blog.com/2021/10/02/reindert-wepko-van-de-wint-den-helder-1942-2006/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.965919 | 275 | 2.125 | 2 |
Tuesday, August 25, 2020
Applying esteem hope hypothesis, or the hypothesis of contemplated activity or arranged conduct, to a potential HIV avoidance program in Tanzania - Research Paper Example Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency (AIDS) together structure a malady that has pulverized many individuals internationally and has seen the profitable individuals tumble to it (Whiteside 2008). Starting at 2007/08, the HIV commonness rate in Tanzania had tumbled to 5.7% with ladies having 6.6% while men had 4.6%. This was a tumble from 7.0% with 7.7% in the 6,000 ladies who were tried and 4.3% in men, 4,900 of whom were tried. This data was gotten to from the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, 2009. Because of this mediation, the ladies dressed in Tanzania are foreseen to change in a few different ways. As a matter of first importance, the ladies are relied upon to turn out to be increasingly emphatic in the family units undoubtedly. This interprets ladies having the option to haggle for sex with their accomplices and as a result increment the utilization of condoms. Simultaneously, the high hazard classification is anticipated to be proficient on the advantages of utilizing condoms. They are relied upon to begin taking careful steps, just as, instructing their kindred ladies on the equivalent. The high hazard bunch for this situation for the most part envelops business sex laborers. The benefit of evaluating this conduct goal is to permit the tacticians upgrade inadequate messages and furthermore permit the plan of increasingly successful and forward-thinking form. As Fishbein (2000) has expressed, there is no compelling reason to figure new hypotheses of conduct change. The current ones are viable when applied well. In such manner, as he has expressed, focusing on a particular conduct for change will adequately achieve the required change. In the event that the ladies can be all around educated regarding the dangers that they face through unprotected sex, they would then be able to improve. This figure shows the interrelationship of various factors in the molding of conduct. This model, embraced by Fishbein (2000), demonstrated the way that conduct of ladies utilizing condoms will be
Saturday, August 22, 2020
The article is ââ¬Å"The Osama canister Laden I Know: An Oral History of al Qaedaââ¬â¢s Leaderâ⬠by Peter L. BergenAdvertising We will compose a custom article test on Osama Bin Ladenââ¬â¢s danger to the United States explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More This article is one of a kind as it gives a top to bottom picture of Osamaââ¬â¢s life and his contribution in military movement. It at that point proceeds onward to show the development of Osamaââ¬â¢s scorn towards the U.S. also, thusly the development of dangers towards the Americans. Research question of the article Does the article set up the rise of his danger to the United States and depict its counter measures? Theory of the article H1: The article expects to determine the historical backdrop of Osama Bin Laden H2: The article intends to depict the job in Islamic fronts on his danger of the United StatesAdvertising Looking for article on government? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The articles general substance of the writing audit The writing survey fills its need of expounding the beginning of Osama and the origination of his scorn of the U.S. This help the peruser comprehend the beginning of his dangers to the U.S. The articleââ¬â¢s writing survey clarifies that Osama Bin Ladenââ¬â¢s mother originated from Syria, and his dad originated from Yemen. Conceived in 1957, Osama Bin Laden was the seventh youngster in a group of fifty kin. Receptacle Ladenââ¬â¢s father had a poor foundation and later turned into a ground-breaking specialist who claimed one or the greatest development organizations in the realm. Container Ladenââ¬â¢s father was near the regal group of King Saud and later the Faisal ruler. After the post Saud-Faisal struggle, Ladenââ¬â¢s father helped King Faisal by paying the common servantsââ¬â¢ compensation a half year. The articleââ¬â¢s writing survey demonstrated that Osama Bin Laden had gigantic Islamic duty. His fatherââ¬â¢s strict connection with Hajj pioneers got Islamic researchers and pioneers to their home during Hajj. The pioneers and researchers impacted Osama Bin Laden in strict issues. A portion of the Islamic researchers were pioneers in different Muslim developments around the Middle East. Osama Bin Laden made fantastic contacts with the development chiefs in those social occasions. In his optional school life, he joined the Muslim fraternity the same number of other instructed Muslims at that point. Later in college, he attempted necessary Muslim examinations. The instructors in the article later became famous pioneers in Afghanistan. The audit additionally clarified that Osama Bin Laden initially went to Afghanistan during the principal long stretches of the soviet attack. He had first had involvement in displaced people and met a few chiefs through his hosts. This was an exploratory outing, which kept going a month. Afterward, he made a move trip back to Pakistan in the wake of campaigning pioneers to help the Mujahedeen. He collected a conquerable measure of cash for the Jihad. In this outing, he went with Pakistanis and Afghanis who worked in the Bin Laden. This pattern of gathering cash and voyaging went on until 1982. In 1982, he went to Afghanistan stacked with a lot of hardware for development to help the mujahedeen. Osama Bin loaded went through as long as eight months in a year in Afghanistan. This was enormous devotion from an individual from an alternate nation and an open to lifestyle.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Osama Bin Ladenââ¬â¢s danger to the United States explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The writing audit followed the start of Osamaââ¬â¢s military inclusion as beginning in 1984, when he built up a guesthouse called Baitulansar in Peshawar to be the main Arab mujahedeen station in Afghanistan. In 1988, Osama manufactured upward of six camps in Afg hanistan. He had his own front and ran his own under his own order. He selected senior Arab ex-military as his warriors and Syrian and Egyptian men with fantastic military experience. He went through eight months or increasingly a year in Afghanistan. The articleââ¬â¢s writing guaranteed that in 1988, Osama started archiving his guest development from the guesthouse to the camps creating a complex known as Al-Qaeda, which implies ââ¬Å"The Base.â⬠Al-Qaeda became open information. After the Afghan war, the al Qaeda contenders joined other worldwide clashes. This made al Qaeda a worldwide substance and profited development of different ages of al Qaeda. Substance of the writing audit The writing survey of the article depicted the nearness of American power in the Saudi Arabia during the Gulf war moved al Qaeda center to fighting the attack. The al Qaeda secured Saudi Arabia, as it was home of Islamââ¬â¢s most holy sanctums. They started extraordinary fear based oppressor acts against rulers in Saudi Arabia. A definitive objective of these activities expected to compellingly drive out the ace American authority in Saudi Arabia and supplant it with the Islamic system. The demonstrations of dread constrained the Saudi Arabia administration to expel Bin Laden and later renounce his citizenship. As indicated by the writing survey of the article, in 1991, Osama Bin Laden migrated to Sudan, which turned into his base for very nearly six years. Right now, Al Qaeda made numerous associations with fear based oppressor associations helped by their Sudanese has and territory of Iran. Al Qaeda sorted out dread assaults completed by sister associations. In spite of the fact that people guarantee that Osama Bin Laden and his Al-Qaeda outfit were answerable for the attacksââ¬â¢ on the world exchange community 1993, there is little proof. He assaulted American compassionate guards going to Somalia in Yemen and Aden. He likewise helped the Somali volunteer armies fend off United States powers in 1994. In 1995, he executed a genuine fear monger assault against American military in Riyadh, and the next year in Khobar. Following U.S. pressure, the Sudanese government asked Bin Laden to migrate which he did. He moved to Afghanistan and got to know administering Taliban. The writing survey of the article further shows that in Afghanistan, Osamaââ¬â¢s hostile to US talk heightened higher than ever. In 1996, he lauded the assaults in Riyadh on U.S. fighters. Around the same time, he gave Al Qaedaââ¬â¢s first jihad, statement of war, to America.Advertising Searching for article on government? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More In 1998, a few Muslim pioneers got the power together with Bin Laden to frame an alliance against Jews and crusaders. This element gave a Jihad against the U.S. The worldwide Islamic front picked Osama Bin Laden to turn into their pioneer. The front distributed its objectives and philosophies in a British based Arabic paper. It expressed its fundamental objective as a call to all Muslims to kill any Americans or their partners any place they might be (Bergen, 2006). The writing survey closes by demonstrating the pinnacle of Osama assaults. The Al-Qaeda assaults against the United States heightened in August 1998. This is the point at which they assaulted two United States international safe havens in the capitalsââ¬â¢ of Kenya and Tanzania slaughtering 12 Americans and 200 local people. The U.S. fought back by assaulting focuses in Afghanistan and Sudan. The Al Qaeda assaults proceeded and in October 2000, they bombarded an American rocket destroyer called the U.S.S. Cole at Aden in Yemen. The most pulverizing Al Qaeda assaults happened on September 11, 2001. Central matters of the article The primary concerns of the article are recognizing the dangers presented by Osama Bin Laden on the United States. The need is the danger presented by Osama Bin Laden with his al Qaeda outfit. The Al Qaeda keeps on proceeding onward after Osamaââ¬â¢s demise. This article endeavors to comprehend the importance and greatness of the danger ready. The article likewise looks at factors that upgrade and support the danger. The techniques utilized in gathering and investigating Data The creator clarifies the strategies for gathering information top to bottom. The creation of the article required a detailed proof base. The material obtained from various sources. It guaranteed legitimate and right supporting data to the examination did. The assortment of data interlinks for proficiency. Both quantitative and subjective research strategies aid the age of data. Subjective strategi es: These incorporate writing surveys of reports with data that influences assortment subjective edges. Quantitative strategies: These incorporates work area arranging of vital reports and information obtained for an assortment of perspectives dissected. These strategies limit superfluous material to be utilized on the creation of the primary concerns in the article. It draws out an extensive and top to bottom intrigue to the archive. The table beneath features the primary concerns for every goal. The procedure requires cautious thought of information accessible. No Objective 1 Carry out a complete and basic investigation of the current status of the danger of ready to the United States by Al Qaeda system and Osama Bin Laden. 2 Develop key ends on issues influencing the danger of ready to the United States by Al Qaeda system and Osama Bin Laden. These techniques could help me reproduce the investigation of the creation of the article. I trust I could effectively repeat the examinati on on the off chance that I follow the strategies to the later. Discoveries The discoveries support the authorââ¬â¢s theory. The discoveries show that the danger presented by Osama Bin Laden on the United States started from the prior long periods of the Gulf war. The American control of Saudi Arabia drove Osama to engender loathe against Americans. This drove him to get banished and keeping in mind that, on oust, he started his plots and assaults against Americans. He revitalized Muslims to assault Americans in his job as a pioneer of a universal Muslim front. He declared various jihads against the American country and their
Sunday, August 9, 2020
What Is Sociocultural Theory Theories Developmental Psychology Print Sociocultural Theory of Cognitive Development By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Reviewed by Reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW on July 01, 2019 facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our Wellness Board Amy Morin, LCSW Updated on November 26, 2019 More in Theories Developmental Psychology Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology Sociocultural theory is an emerging theory in psychology that looks at the important contributions that society makes to individual development. This theory stresses the interaction between developing people and the culture in which they live. Sociocultural theory also suggests that human learning is largely a social process. Illustration by Brianna Gilmartin, Verywell An Introduction to Sociocultural Theory Sociocultural theory grew from the work of seminal psychologist Lev Vygotsky, who believed that parents, caregivers, peers, and the culture at large were responsible for developing higher-order functions. According to Vygotsky, learning has its basis in interacting with other people. Once this has occurred, the information is then integrated on the individual level: Vygotsky was a contemporary of other great thinkers such as Freud, Skinner, and Piaget, but his early death at age 37 and the suppression of his work in Stalinist Russia left him in relative obscurity until fairly recently. As his work became more widely published, his ideas have grown increasingly influential in areas including child development, cognitive psychology, and education. Sociocultural theory focuses not only how adults and peers influence individual learning, but also on how cultural beliefs and attitudes impact how instruction and learning take place. According to Vygotsky, children are born with basic biological constraints on their minds. Each culture, however, provides what he referred to as tools of intellectual adaptation. These tools allow children to use their basic mental abilities in a way that is adaptive to the culture in which they live. For example, while one culture might emphasize memory strategies such as note-taking, other cultures might utilize tools like reminders or rote memorization. Piaget vs. Vygotsky: Key Differences So how does Vygotskys sociocultural theory differ from Piagets theory of cognitive development? First, Vygotsky placed a greater emphasis on how social factors influence development. While Piagets theory stressed how a childs interactions and explorations influenced development, Vygotsky stressed the essential role that social interactions play in cognitive development.??? Another important difference between the two theories was that while Piagets theory suggests that development is largely universal, Vygotsky suggested that cognitive development can differ between different cultures. The course of development in Western culture, for example, might be different than it is in Eastern culture. Piagets Four Stages of Cognitive Development The Zone of Proximal Development An important concept in sociocultural theory is known as the zone of proximal development.??? According to Vygotsky, the zone of proximal development is the distance between the actual development level as determined by independent problem solving and the level of potential development as determined through problem-solving under adult guidance or in collaboration with more capable peers. Essentially, it includes all of the knowledge and skills that a person cannot yet understand or perform on their own yet but is capable of learning with guidance. As children are allowed to stretch their skills and knowledge, often by observing someone who is slightly more advanced than they are, they are able to progressively extend this zone of proximal development. Exploring the Zone of Proximal Development Observations About Social Learning Theory In his text, Social and Personality Development, author David R. Shaffer explains that while Piaget believed that cognitive development was fairly universal, Vygotsky believed that each culture presents unique differences. Because cultures can vary so dramatically, Vygotskys sociocultural theory suggests that both the course and content of intellectual development are not as universal as Piaget believed. Practical Applications for Vygotskys Sociocultural Theory Sociocultural theory has gained popularity in recent years, particularly in educational settings. Some examples of how this theory can be put into practice in the real world: In the Classroom Understanding the levels of the zone of proximal development can be helpful for teachers.??? In classroom settings, teachers may first assess students to determine their current skill level. Once this has been ascertained, educators can then offer instruction that stretches the limits of each childs capabilities. At first, the student may need assistance from an adult or more knowledgeable peer, but eventually, their zone of proximal development will expand. Teachers can plan their instruction and lessons. For example, the teacher might organize the class into groups where less skilled children are paired with students who have a higher skill level. Hints, prompts, and direct instruction can be used to help kids improve their ability levels.Educators might also utilize the concept of scaffolding, where the teacher provides prompts to move the child progressively forward toward a goal. Socializing and Play Vygotskys theory also stressed the importance of play in learning.??? Teachers and parents can utilize this knowledge by providing children plenty of opportunities for play experiences. Vygotsky believed that through playing and imagining, children were able to further stretch their conceptual abilities and knowledge of the world. Types of play that can further learn include imaginary play, role-playing, games, and reenactments of real events. Such activities help foster the growth of abstract thought.
Saturday, May 23, 2020
Edgar Allan Poe uses symbolism and irony in unison throughout ââ¬Å"The Cask of Amontilladoâ⬠to demonstrate Montresorââ¬â¢s villainous intentions. As the narrator, Montresor explains that although a friend named Fortunato has insulted him and deserves to be avenged. However, he has hidden his goal from Fortunato, giving no ââ¬Å"cause to doubt [his] good will.â⬠Montresor, aware of Fortunatoââ¬â¢s influence, knows he must ââ¬Å"not only punish, but punish with impunity.â⬠Instead, he lures Fortunato to his grave with the promise of fine wine. The victimââ¬â¢s name, Fortunato, meaning ââ¬Å"fortunate,â⬠is ironic as he proves to be an unsuspecting and quite unfortunate character. Fortunatoââ¬â¢s apparel, a motley outfit and bells on his head, ironically portrays the fool Montresor ultimately makes of him in his wicked plan. Upon meeting at the carnival, symbolic of a joyous and lively event, Montresor finds himself gleaming with delight at Fortunatoââ¬â¢s intoxication, saying ââ¬Å"my dear Fortunato, you are luckily met.â⬠To this Fortunato assumed friendship and acceptance. Rather, Montresor is merely excited only because he can now accomplish his murderous revenge on his unsuspecting victim. Additionally, the word ââ¬Å"luckyâ⬠refers to the meaning of Fortunatoââ¬â¢s name, but also ironically to the manââ¬â¢s eventual horrific fate. When the two pushed further into the vaults, Fortunato had reoccurring cough attacks, one of which Montresor warns ââ¬Å"go back; your health is precious. You are respected, admired, beloved; you areShow MoreRelatedThe Theme of Revenge in ââ¬Å"The Cask of Amontilladoâ⬠Essay1629 Words à |à 7 PagesEdgar Allan Poeââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"The Cask of Amontilladoâ⬠is a frightening and entertaining short story about the severe consequences that result from persistent mockery and an unforgiving heart. Poeââ¬â¢s excellent use of Gothicism within the story sets the perfect tone for a dark and sinister plot of murder to unfold. ââ¬Å"The Cask of Amontilladoâ⬠simply overflows with various themes and other literary elements that result from Poeââ¬â¢s Gothic style of writing. Of these various themes, one that tends to dominant the storyRead MoreThe Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe836 Words à |à 3 Pages Symbolism is the use of objects to represent ideas or quali ties in the story. In the story many things are used as symbols such as the actual cask of amontillado, the trowel, the jester costume and the setting in which there is two in the story. Another literary technique used significantly in the story is irony. Irony is the expression of ones meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite. In the short story ââ¬Å"The Cask of Amontillado,â⬠Montresor a very troubled manRead MoreThe Casket Of Amontillado . Edgar Allan Poeââ¬â¢S ââ¬Å"The Cask1680 Words à |à 7 PagesThe Casket of Amontillado Edgar Allan Poeââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"The Cask of Amontilladoâ⬠is a short story illustrating how pride leads to the downfall of two men. At the storyââ¬â¢s heart is the tale of Montresor, the protagonist, getting revenge on a former friend, Fortunato. Poeââ¬â¢s characterization of Montresor shows a sinister, proud man, obsessed not only with his revenge but also not getting punished himself. ââ¬Å"It must be a perfect revenge, one in which Fortunato will know fully what is happening to him and in whichRead MoreHow The Cask of Amontillado Uses Symbolism and Irony1291 Words à |à 6 Pages Often, writers use symbolism to describe an object with more clarity to the reader. It provides additional layers of meaning to a text. Symbolism is not only important in literature but is also important in everyday life. For instance, symbolism is found in colors, objects, and on flowers. For example a rose can represent love and romance. Symbolism is used in literature, movies, and even on street signs. Such as the colors in the street light: red means stop, yellow means slow down, and the greenRead MoreRole of Realism in Edagar Allan Poeà ´s The Tell Tale Heart and The Cask of Amortillado1014 Words à |à 5 Pagesââ¬Å"The Cask of Amontilladoâ⬠written by Edgar Allan Poe are dark short stories relevant to murder, revenge, and mystery. Poe writes both stories in a Gothic style in order to deal with ideas of realism. One may ask were the murders and punishments justifiable in either short story? One may also ask did Poe accurately depict realism in each story? Realism, defined as a technique in literature that accurately represents everyday life, is questioned in Poeââ¬â¢s works: ââ¬Å"The Tell Tale Heartâ⬠and ââ¬Å"The Cask ofRead MoreExamples of Irony and Symbolism in The Cask of Amontillado1334 Words à |à 6 PagesWriters often use symbolism in the story to give a more vivid description rather than just saying, pictures are a perfect example. S ymbolism is the art of using any object, place, name or anything that represents something rather than its original meaning. A good example can be a roller coaster because it indicates that there will be ups in downs in life. Another example is the color Red this color can symbolize blood, passion or danger. Irony is another technique used in the story to give it a betterRead MoreGothic Literature : The Dark Side Of Romanticism1518 Words à |à 7 PagesGothic literature is the dark side of Romanticism. The theme of Gothic stories is either mysterious, horror, or even death. Nathaniel Hawthorne and Edgar Allan Poe are authors that demonstrate Gothic literature. Some of their work include, ââ¬Å"The Cask of Amontilladoâ⬠written by Edgar Allan Poe and ââ¬Å"The Birthmarkâ⬠by Nathaniel Hawthorne. The Cask of Amontillado tells how the narrator Montresor seeks revenge on his acquaintance, Fortunato. Montresor to desperate measures and did not catch. However, in ââ¬Å"TheRead MoreSymbolism and Irony in Cask of Amontillado866 Words à |à 3 Pages In ââ¬Å"The Cask of Amontilladoâ⬠, the author, Edgar Allen Poe, uses symbolism and irony to connect to the readers. Symbolism is an object or word that has two meanings. Poe uses this device when he writes, ââ¬Å"Fortunado is dressed as a foolâ⬠(20). It is symbolic representation of what Fortunado is. Irony is a twist in a situation that creates tension between the two conflicts. Poe uses irony throughout his story as a way of enticing readers. The narrator, Montresor, tells about how he got revenge 50Read MoreThe Fall Of The House Of Usher Edgar Allan Poe Analysis1184 Words à |à 5 PagesEdgar Allan Poe is a well known author and poet whose style is characterized with the usage of a wide range of literary elements that convey a dark mood. Due to Poeââ¬â¢s experiences of poverty and tragedies throughout his life, he became depressed, which affected his writing greatly. Along with his experiences, Poe incorporated many literary elements to enhance the mood of his stories like The Cask of Amontillado and The Fall of The House of Usher. Poe used foreshadowing in both the Fall of the HouseRead MoreThe Masque of the Red Death vs. the Cask of Amontillado1564 Words à |à 7 PagesLester Small LITR 220 24 February 2013 The Masque of the Red Death vs. The Cask of Amontillado ââ¬Å"The Masque of the Red Deathâ⬠and ââ¬Å"The Cask of Amontilladoâ⬠written by Edgar Allan Poe are somewhat different. The major themes of these stories differ significantly, as does the emphasis placed on each character which dealt more to The Cask of Amontilladoâ⬠than to ââ¬Å"The Masque of the Red Deathâ⬠Regardless of this, the stories are similar in many ways. For instance, both belong to the literacy of the
Tuesday, May 12, 2020
An environment is a system of living things. The Earth is our environment. The capacity of our environment to offer space, to reap nutrition and to fund energy are all limited. Food, water and other basic assets are strained by the escalating requests of our persistently developing population. We rely on these limited resources for our survival, yet we are quickly extending our population as though they were infinite. This reality is at the focal point of our environmental issues. Despite the fact that the number of inhabitants on earth has been escalating in a continuous manner since 1400, the most emotional increment has taken place in more recent decades. Overpopulation is a standout amongst the most concerning troubles in present times. It is an ââ¬Å"undesirable condition where the number of existing human population exceeds the carrying capacity of Earth.â⬠(1) There is a natural point of confinement to the population size that can be reasonably maintained by an environ ment. Overpopulation is the undesirable condition where the amount of the existing human population exceeds this natural limit and eventually devours our planet with the request for more nutrition from less land and water supplies. As the total population develops, enhancing expectations for everyday comforts and improving living standards without destroying the Earth is a global challenge. Our world population is growing at about eighty million people a year, which equates to an average of two-hundred andShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Technology On The Environment1368 Words à |à 6 Pages In this current scenario, people exist in technology era as well as they are living the development stage in industry, technology and all other aspects. Scientists continually exposed many accurate inventions which are very helpful to people in their day to day life and it makes their life easy and caused a big turn in everyoneââ¬â¢s life. 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Biologist have studied what makes organism alive for many years and have come to the conclusion the there are nine characteristics of life. Each characteristic has a property which applies to how and organism is alive. Life characteristics are as follows: order, metabolism, motility, responsiveness, reproduction, development, heredity, evolution, and adaptation. All of the characteristicsRead MoreEarth s Democracy By Vandana Shiva1448 Words à |à 6 Pagescontrol the government. The earth economy is a living economy. It is based on sustainable, diverse, pluralistic systems that protect nature and people, are chosen by people, for the benefit of the common good. Earth democracy is a living democracy. It promotes the responsible use and conservation of natural resources through communal ownership. The three basic concepts define earth democracy, they are: living economies, living democracies and living cultures. 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The country is safer than the city and crime rates are lower. In the country, there is an abundance of trees and vegetation. In the country, there are parksRead MoreEssay on Tom Wolfeââ¬â¢s: O Rotten Gotham1156 Words à |à 5 Pagesand inhumane. Humans were compared to rats using the overcrowding, the ways of life, and the filth as examples. From the adrenaline rushes and car horns to helicopter noises and constant overcrowding, New York City is a constant stress causing environment. Dr. Hall, another author presented in the article, saw this overcrowding in the city causing a lot of problems. He states that work takes place in massively congested areas such as small cubicles in offices. This, however, is not just a problem
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
string(130) " the primary colleges of instruction exceeded 19 % in 1993, but has neââ¬â¢er reached that degree later since that twelvemonth\." The subject I have chosen to research is gender instabilities in primary instruction. This consists of the deficiency of male primary school instructors and why primary instruction is predominately female instructors. The ground why I have chosen this subject is because I feel that there is a important difference in gender instructors in instruction chiefly primary instruction. We will write a custom essay sample on Gender Imbalances In Primary Education or any similar topic only for you Order Now I am trusting to detect the chief grounds for this state of affairs in the literature. The subjects that I will be covering will hopefully associate up to the solution to this statement on the chief motivations and principle for gender instabilities. My purposes are to implement the spread I hope to repair and mend in the literature for this undertaking and the following undertaking. I hope to research more theories ( methodological analysiss ) readings and interviews ( methods ) on the subjects I have chosen for the following undertaking. One subject will concentrate on the statistics on the past and current state of affairs of gender instabilities in primary instruction amongst instructors. This will be a justification and an illustration to the readers that a gender instability is present and really exists. A 2nd subject will cover the pupils attitude and behaviour in instruction in a primary and secondary scene and why malenesss plays an of import function in make up oneââ¬â¢s minding what calling they hope to prosecute. The 3rd subject will concentrate on the ethnicity in schools and why this is mostly momentous to the gender instability statement. Finally, the Forth and concluding subject will be on the function theoretical accounts both males and females live up to in instruction and why primary schools are feminised. The statement that exists here is that many more misss than male childs will be seeking a topographic point in learning preparation. This is a job for males as already the learning profession is extremely feminised. There are many inquiries attached to this subject and I feel that it is imperative to detect and find the grounds behind this form. The ground why I chose primary instruction instead than secondary or any other educational field is because the gender instability is non as extremely important as the primary sector. I sense that adult females are choosing for traditional and new callings whereas work forces are choosing off from primary school instruction. This is the nucleus ground why I am spliting this reappraisal into subjects as these are used as ushers and stepping rocks to happen this spread in the literature. Statisticss on gender instabilities in primary instruction. The concern of gender instability and distinctively the low proportion of male appliers is an international phenomenon in learning and in peculiar primary school instruction. Despite this being a immense instance in Ireland, it is tolerated in states such as the United States of America, Australia and France. The death of the male primary school instructor is apparent from the publication of the Irish National ( Primary ) Teachers Organisation. The statistics show that from 1970 the per centum of primary school instructors who are male were 32 % . Every ten old ages it is evaluated and it demonstrates a sudden lessening in per centum of male instructors. In the twelvemonth 2000 it dropped to 19 % and this twelvemonth it is an estimated diminution to 14 % . The anticipation from INTO is that there will be a diminution of a minimal 5 % male instructors every ten old ages until 2040 where there will be a mere 1 % of instructors in primary school considered male. This is an interesting t endency as the form is systematically worsening and shows no compunction or betterment to this job harmonizing to this publication. This tendency can merely be understood in the context of wider societal alterations and phenomena, including those impacting the socialization of male childs and the division of caring duties. Although male instructors are in a little minority, they are clearly non a deprived minority. Their over representation in promoted stations, while bit by bit cut downing over recent old ages, together with the much smaller proportion of male instructors on the lower points of the salary graduated table, gives rise to a gender spread in the wage. That creates the inquiry that is this gender instability in primary schools down to salary. Males prosecuting a different calling could be the cause of the low pay income. Salary is doubtless a consideration for all workers in taking a calling. Yet the get downing wage of a primary instructor with an honours grade is Ãâ 33,901, compared with Ãâ 27,483 for an applied scientist, Ãâ 30,124 for a medical houseman and Ãâ 32,029 for an designer. Most concern alumnuss start on a batch less than this when they leave college. The lone difference is those occupations mentioned would lift in salary with more experience whereas the primary schoo l instructor would offer no greater important rise in the sum of salary. So is this a instance of the deficiency of occupation chance? The figure of instructors in Irish schools has increased by over 4,500 in recent old ages. Job chances range from little one or two instructor schools to big 24 instructor schools, learning in mainstream categories, as resource instructors for kids with particular demands or as place school affair instructors. Ireland ââ¬Ës instruction system besides offers a pick of linguistic communication, ethos and location ââ¬â with 3,200 primary schools. This clearly demonstrates that there is a huge chance for males and females with a figure of different functions that the student/trainer can acquire involved in. The chances are present nevertheless ; the undistinguished wage rise or deficiency of great publicity may change a male pupil ââ¬Ës determination in prosecuting this calling. It is interesting to observe that the Numberss for primary school learning from 2003 was justification that a gender instability occurs. The highest proportion of male appliers on the Central Applications Office ( CAO ) was in 2002 with 16.6 % .Males as a per centum of the entire appliers to the primary colleges of instruction exceeded 19 % in 1993, but has neââ¬â¢er reached that degree later since that twelvemonth. You read "Gender Imbalances In Primary Education" in category "Essay examples" This proves that there a important diminution in male appliers for primary instruction and illustrates this gender instability. Masculinity and effects gender instabilities have on school kids A really of import facet of the gender instability in primary instruction is that of maleness. This is a cognitive theory that must be examined and understood in order to accomplish and detect the spread in the literature. Masculinity is something traditionally to be considered a feature of a male. This could be a quality characterized by physical and behavioural characteristics such as physical strength which is normally known by males. Masculinity is a cultural thought that many work forces support, but do non needfully embody. ( Williams 1995 ) . This cognitive theory would be present for pupils in make up oneââ¬â¢s minding their hereafter approximately around the age of 15-18 old ages. Every pupil has their ain purposes. They can include a desire to hold an excess making or a accomplishment for calling intents, addition cognition or better themselves in any field. One of the efficient ways to accomplish them can be separated categories. Some scientists support this theory as misss and male childs vary greatly both physiologically and psychologically whereas other bookmans claim that the advantages of single-sex categories are non so obvious. The chief factor which supports the benefits of single-sex categories is the differences between males and females. The most important among them are physiological. The encephalons of misss and male childs differ in an of import manner. These differences are genetically programmed and are present at birth. Furthermore, misss and male childs have different acquisition manners. The National Association for Single-Sex Public Schools has found that boys prosper a competitory environment whereas girls prefer a collaborative attack to acquisition. Besides research workers mention that single-sex environment has a positive influence on registration in non-traditional capable countries for male and female pupils. For case, misss are more likely to larn higher degree scientific discipline and maths while male childs are more likely to analyze higher degree linguistic communication and humanistic disciplines. As a consequence, separated schools offer alone educational chances for misss and for male childs. This doctrine on the difference between males and females in a physiological sense exists particularly during their secondary instruction. This draws to the argument that is the learning profession suited for males and their features? There are possible grounds why this proves to be the instance. Is it career counsel? There is grounds to demo that calling counsel instructors are more likely to urge instruction as a calling to their top female pupils instead than their top male pupils. Some male childs may besides experience that their equals or parents would non be supportive of them taking a calling as a primary instructor. Another ground that the male childs are non prosecuting this calling is because of the instruction barrier they face. Surely misss are acquiring higher points in the go forthing certification but the figures show that male childs are non using for instruction, so points are non the issue. The honours Irish demand does look to be a barrier as fewer male childs take Irish at honours Leaving Cert degree than misss. Here lies a quandary as there is besides a demand to keep and so better the criterion of Irish in our schools. Lowering the demand for a C3 in higher degree might assist work out one job but compound another. However, the feminisation of instruction is a world-wide tendency so we can barely claim that the honours Irish demand is act uponing the gender balance in states such as America, Australia or France. Gender Imbalances in the primary schoolroom ââ¬â Ethnographic History As explained earlier that in order to happen the links behind the gender instability, it is imperative to look at its historical context. This following portion will concentrate on the ethnicity of pupils in the schoolroom and why this could be a possible ground for the deficiency of male instructors in primary instruction today. It is good established particularly in assorted schools, male students receive more instructor attending than do females. Harmonizing to Brophy and Good, Boys have more interactions with the instructor than misss. As a consequence of this they by and large appear to be more cardinal, dominant, of import and salient in the instructors ââ¬Ë perceptional field. Stanworth ( 1981 ) states that instructors have a general and overall penchant for male students. Why is this state of affairs the instance and does it hold an impact on the calling the pupils they hope to follow? After an analysis on the engagement turns in a schoolroom, the duty for gender instabilities rests mostly on the instructor. By ââ¬Ëturns ââ¬Ë I mean the figure of times a pupil participates in the schoolroom or the pupils ââ¬Ë input for the continuance of the schoolroom. The instructor holds an of import duty to give every pupil a just portion of bends and go preferred to gender or biased towards one sex. The instructor may be seen to ensue from him/ her being socially and psychologically predisposed to beg parts to the lessons from the male pupils at the disbursal of affecting the female pupils. Again Stanworth suggests that male childs are more likely than misss to volunteer information to do heavier demands on the instructors ââ¬Ë clip. This indicates to me that male pupils are more comprehensive to work with and could take up more of the instructors ââ¬Ë valuable clip donated to the female pupils. The damages of instabilities in teacher attending does non needfully follow from the redress of male based attitudes in instructors. This is of class unless they do go sensitive to the interactive methods used by students in procuring attending and colloquial battle. Male pupils put themselves out at that place more than misss and demo more trouble towards the instructor but does non needfully intend that this is a negative attitude towards the instructor. This type of behaviour could find the maleness work forces demonstrate in a schoolroom environment. As discussed before, this type of cognitive theory could find what career work forces hope to take or follow. This is why I feel that male ââ¬Ës behaviour in a schoolroom determines what attitude they utilize in their determination doing accomplishments in the hereafter. In this subject, the literature chosen for this subject claim that there is a gender instability in bends at talk and therefore in the distribution of instructor attending. I would hold with this statement as the instructors part is critical in footings of how much attending is gained from the pupils and how much information was gathered and added to the cognition of the pupils. In decision, this survey is a utile part to this field of survey, in peculiar for its attending to forms of differential engagement among male childs and for the fresh thoughts in explicating gender instability that it presents. However, it may hold some defects and these indicate countries where farther contemplation and research is required. I hope to research more in-depth research and thoughts on this subject for undertaking two and this will hopefully assist me associate those spreads in the literature. Role Models in Teaching There are many grounds why there is an highly short per centum of males involved in primary school instruction. A immense duty for a primary school instructor is the fact that there involves a batch of caring for the pupil. The male might experience that in their caput that adult females are more responsible for this function, therefore they would look elsewhere for a occupation in the work force. The major ground given for work forces why they are so rare in the work force is hapless wage. In add-on work forces find it hard to acquire employment because of frights of maltreatment and a widely held perceptual experience that adult females are better at caring for immature kids. These perceptual experiences are besides common in the U.K. Skelton surveyed pupil instructors to determine their perceptual experiences of the different qualities brought by work forces and adult females to primary school instruction. Work force instructors held a position that adult females instructors have better communicating accomplishments and are by and large more lovingness. This is from a stereotyped point of position as there is non much grounds to back up this statement. Women pupils believe that work forces have important functions to play in furthering good attitudes to analyze among male childs and are needed for function theoretical accounts. The statistics show that the Numberss for male instructors in primary schools are worsening and a consequence of this could be the deficiency of proviso of function theoretical accounts for work forces. From the 1970 ââ¬Ës the Numberss of male instructors dropped from 32 % to 14 % this twelvemonth. Skelton and Carrington ( 2002 ) conducted a big graduated table survey of male and female pupils ââ¬Ë image of primary school instruction as a calling. All of the pupils felt that primary instruction was suited for both instructors and that it was as intellectually demanding as secondary instruction. Seventy two per centum of work forces and 76 % of adult females disagreed with the statement that adult females instructors are more caring than work forces. Carrington ââ¬Ës respondents are positively working against the stereotype that primary instruction is a female occupation and that what is required if we are to increase the figure of work forces in the profession is to work against the stereotype. The research suggests that what primary instruction is approximately is non supplying function theoretical accounts but exciting instruction. It is a possibility that the exhilaration of primary instruction will non thrill the males and therefore they would seek to another adventuresome occupation or calling. Now that it is established that there is a important spread in gender when it comes to primary school instruction, a chief concern could be the initial behaviour of males in the schoolroom. A critical point in this statement is the manner in which for boys the behavior protects from neglecting. In rejecting academic work, they are insulated from the consequence of failure or rejection. At the same clip the behaviors are consistent in keeping traditional masculine hegemony. The simple infliction of male function theoretical accounts would non and could non perforate those behaviors since the schooling policy takes no awareness of the significances and maps of those behaviors for their culprits. The nucleus ground why there is a deficiency of proviso of function theoretical accounts for males is due to the historical premises that primary school is frequently feminised. Historically the profession of primary school instruction has been a female dominated one. We can reason that the current policy enterprise concentrating merely on increasing Numberss of male recruits ignores both historical and modern-day world. In the instance of male accomplishment despite the deficiency of male function theoretical accounts in primary instruction, the media have seemed to hold made much of the deficit of male instructors. Is this down to their attitudes in the schoolroom or infact their ain job with the feminization of primary schooling? My rating to this inquiry is that primary schooling is seen as caring instead than academic from a male ââ¬Ës point of position and although work forces are encouraged at first to take this function, they are so regarded as suspect by current policy shapers because of the lovingness function. My feelings are that work forces and adult females are every bit capable of fiting in footings of lovingness and duty, nevertheless their maleness and attitudes towards deficiency of function theoretical accounts and instruction at the age of determination devising separates them. This is why I feel that primary instruction is predominated by females. Overall, my decision to this subject is that there is a mostly important difference in gender to primary school instruction and generates an instability that is historical and will go on to make so in the hereafter. Regardless if this is debatable or non the statistics continue to demo that primary school instruction is feminised and predominated by females. There are many households in the state where kids may non hold a strong male presence in their lives. The different positions, scope of involvements and outlooks that male instructors bring to a school can supply existent function theoretical accounts for all kids. Greater Numberss of work forces in learning agencies kids benefit. Teaching is a calling which offers the chance to model and act upon the following coevals and to assist every kid to make their possible. It is a calling which allows for the usage of all accomplishments and endowments ââ¬â in communicating, leading and direction ââ¬â in the class of the on the job twenty-four hours. I summarise that the research and thoughts of others have provided me with the model for my ain work in undertaking two. The fact that this reappraisal has been divided into subjects has helped me derive more cognition and better understanding on this subject and hopefully does the same with the reader. This reappraisal is regarded as a cardinal procedure and worthwhile research. I think the subjects that I have displayed throughout the paper on the statistics, male malenesss, ethnicity and the deficiency of proviso of function theoretical accounts for males have showed critical consciousness on this subject. These are what I feel are the most accurate grounds for the ground that primary school instruction is predominated by females. How to cite Gender Imbalances In Primary Education, Essay examples
Saturday, May 2, 2020
Question: Discuss about thePublic Relations and Flight for Brand Value. Answer: Introduction Public relation is an expanding branch. It is essential to any business to gain more exposure in the market and gain credibility. Building a certain image, brand value, connections with the right kind of people and reputation in the market takes a considerable amount of time. This is where PR consultancies and companies play an important role. They help brands tie up with influencers and build a likable image in the market. While some small businesses might not be able to afford PR companies to manage their public relations, most large organizations and businesses indulge and invest heavily in outsourcing their public relations. While there are barely any down sides to having a PR company handle an organization's PR, businesses and employees must also realize there is only so much a PR company can do. In the present day, where technology has outgrown itself and every single human being has a smart phone camera, it is essential that one must put great though into their actions and behave responsibly. The case of flight 3411 is one example of a company facing extremely negative publicity due to the horrible actions of its employees. Errors on Part of Public Relations On the evening of 9th April, 2017 at around 5 p.m., passengers of flight 3411 were set to start their journey from O'Hare International Airport to Louisville. Little did they know about an incident that was going to occur shortly before they could even begin to fly. The flight 3411 had been overbooked. Although overbooking of flights happens all the time, what followed next was an experience no person would want to be a part of. As the flight was overbooked, passengers were offered to voluntarily give up their seats for which they would be compensated. The initial compensation that was offered was $400 and an overnight stay in a hotel. 4 passengers needed to travel to the destination the very next day. However, nobody was willing to give up their seats. Upon seeing this response united express decided to increase their compensation from $400 to $800. 3 out of 4 passengers complied and accepted the travel vouchers and the compensation. But there was still one spot left to be swapped. As no passenger in the flight was agreeing to give up their ticket, united Airways told the passengers that they would select a passenger randomly. The passengers were selected based on a combination of criteria spelled out in Uniteds contract of carriage, including frequent-flier status, fare type, check-in time and connecting flight implications, among others, according to United(Bacon, 2017). This however, did not work out very well. The selected passenger was Dr. David Dao. David is a 69 year old doctor who needed to be in his home town, the very next day as he was expecting to see some of his patients. The doctor revolted and told the crew that he would not swap his ticket as he had to be in his home town the very next day. Things heated up after his non compliance as the doctor refused to leave his seat. The officers however, handled the situation in an extremely disrespectful manner. The arguments between the passenger and the security officers soon turned into a scuffle. The fight led the doctor bleeding and unconscious. Security officers literally dragged the unconscious body of Dr. Dao through the aisle all while the passengers were recording videos on their smart phones. Publics increasingly use social media during crises and, consequently, crisis communication professionals need to understand how to strategically optimize these tools(Fisher, 2011). Upon seeing the situation take a violent turn, some of the passengers decided to board down from the flight. The security officers mishandled the situation gravely. This was aggravated by the PR team of United Airlines sending out different statements in the next 2 hours, leaving an even worse impression on the already dissed passengers. There are a number of things one can learn from the above scenario. Crisis management in relation to its effect on corporate reputation is what PR companies are needed for(Antonio, 2014). Learning Outcomes It is the job of a PR team to manage delicate situations smartly. Failure can result in serious harm to stakeholders, losses for an organization, or end its very existence(Coombs, 2007). However, in the above case scenario, things seemed as if they had gotten out of hand. Management of information and effective communication at times of crisis is of great importance(Ashcroft, 1997). Below are discussed a few points that can help in understanding what went wrong and how it could have been handled better. Communication by an organization during an organizational crisis is essential and often neglected(Sturges, 1994). PR experts in their reports have said that such a scenario was completely avoidable with a little bit of better management. This is what we call in crisis management creating your own crisis, said Eric Rose, a crisis management expert(Martin, 2017). Overbooking of flights is not a new phenomenon and happens all the time. There were a total of four passengers that had to travel from Chicago to Louisville urgently. Instead of randomly selecting passengers who had already paid for their tickets as well, the company should have increased their compensations even further from $800. Even after that, if no passenger would have been willing to swap, the company could have let the 4 passengers know about the situation. They would have lost four customers but maintained their global goodwill(CROWLEY, 2017). Within the next 24 hours after the occurrence of this incident, the CEO of United Airlines sent out 2 different statements. He only apologized for the fact that the airlines had to reallocate passengers while keeping mum on a due apology to Dr. Dao. All of this points towards the mismanagement of the situation by the PR team. Public relations experts say the CEO should have quickly offered an unreserved apology after a customer was filmed on Sunday being forcibly removed from his seat and dragged down an overbooked aircraft's aisle(Petroff, 2017). An extreme outrage from passengers and general public could be seen on social media after t after this incident. This led to bad publicity for the united airlines and with many such incidences happening in a short period of time before and after this incident, United Airlines is rapidly gaining bad publicity. What one can learn from this is that it is essential for PR teams to assess the complete situation before sending out statements as k nee jerk reactions. One must always be prepared for such situations. In addition, one must also know how to handle such situations tactfully. Soon after the incident occurred, the United Airlines reportedly supported the mishandling and misdeeds of their staff and tried to put the entire blame on Dr. David Dao. Such behavior is not only unacceptable but also affects the credibility of a company. While managing PR, it is essential to stick to facts and not try to put blame on the other party as in the case of flight 3411. After the passengers in the flight shared their recorded videos on social media platforms, the public soon got to know everything about the incident. By this time, it was too late for the airlines to take back their statements. This resulted in extreme negative publicity of the company worldwide. In addition to the above incident, there were many other instances reported by people where United Airlines was on the bearing end of allegations such as not allowing two girls who were wearing leggings to board the plane and another passenger who was bitten by a scorpion. In a world filled with a smart phone is e very corner, it is extremely difficult to hide ones wrong doings, or carelessness for long. The more a person is educated in public relations, the more she or he may value social media as a strategic communication tool(Wakefield, 2016). This results in effective realization of how social media can spread both negative and positive publicity like wildfire. Handling public relations is a tough job. One needs to be aware of the sentiments of the other party as well as the public in general. The statement issued by the CEO expressed no remorse for Dr. David Dao. The companys response including the chief executive saying the airline had to re-accommodate passengers hasnt gone down well(Smith, 2017). This hurt the sentiments of not just the doctor but a lot of other people as well. First, the United Airlines overbooked a flight and upon refusal from passengers, the crew and security officers misbehaved with a passenger. This not only shows how inefficient the airlines is in handling their day to day bookings, but also how horribly they treat passengers if they refuse to give up their seats. It is essential that companies understand and teach their employees to respect one and all and to handle complex situations smartly. After the airlines had already issued statements supporting the wrong doings of their staff and the general public came to know about what actually happened, the company reached a point from where it could not turn back. Therefore one must understand the implications of their actions. Conclusion Public Relations can sometimes be tricky to handle. However, one must ensure he or she is behaving respectfully and responsibly. The case example discussed above shows how imperative it is to understand the implications of ones actions. One can also comprehend how easy it is to avoid tricky situations that have the potential to turn volatile quickly. Instead of resorting to fore and violence, one must try to handle complicated situations by bringing all parties involved to a common ground. How one handles a companys public relations holds extreme importance. In the above case scenario, united airlines suffered extreme negative publicity due to their horrible treatment of their passengers in addition to their PR team being weak, impulsive and not effective enough. References Antonio, M. (2014). Crisis Management to Avoid Damage for Corporate Reputation: The Case of Retail Chain Crisis in the Baltic Countries. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences , 452-457. Ashcroft, L. (1997). Crisis management ? public relations. Journal of Managerial Psychology , 325-332. Bacon, J. (2017, april 11). United Airlines says controversial flight was not overbooked; CEO apologizes again. Retrieved october 3, 2017, from USA Today: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2017/04/11/united-ceo-employees-followed-procedures-flier-belligerent/100317166/ BANNISTER, K. (2017, april 18). Lessons in Crisis Management From the United Incident. Retrieved october 5, 2017, from brandwatch: https://www.brandwatch.com/blog/lessons-crisis-management-united-incident/ Coombs, T. (2007). Crisis Management and Communications. The SCIENCE Beneath the ART of PUBLIC RELATIONS , 89-103. CROWLEY, P. (2017, april 11). PR 101: United Airlines lessons in how not to manage a crisis. Retrieved october 4, 2017, from the hill: https://thehill.com/blogs/pundits-blog/transportation/328288-what-others-can-learn-from-uniteds-pr-disaster Fisher, B. (2011). Examining the Role of Social Media in Effective Crisis Management. Sage Journals , 74-94. Martin, H. (2017, april 10). United Airlines suffers more bad publicity after a passenger is dragged from an overbooked plane. Retrieved october 3, 2017, from Los Angeles Times: https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-united-airlines-bad-pr-20170410-story.html Petroff, A. (2017, april 11). United Airlines shows how to make a PR crisis a total disaster. Retrieved october 3, 2017, from money.cnn.com: https://money.cnn.com/2017/04/11/news/united-passenger-pr-disaster/index.html Smith, R. (2017, april 11). After United Airlines' response to a passenger being dragged from a flight here are six of the most memorable airline PR blunders. Retrieved october 4, 2017, from City AM Newsletter: https://www.cityam.com/262750/after-united-airlines-response-passenger-being-dragged Sturges, D. L. (1994). Communicating through Crisis. Management Communication Quarterly , 297-316. Wakefield, R. I. (2016). "Social Media and Strategic Communication: A Three-Year Study of Attitudes and Perceptions About Social Media Among College Students. Public Relations Journal , 310-356. | <urn:uuid:4828f760-d1ee-49a9-a042-e41785a62005> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://citesourcesapaformatgenerator.blogspot.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.955082 | 13,903 | 1.890625 | 2 |
New Initiation of Long-Acting Opioids in Long-Stay Nursing Home Residents
Department of Quantitative Health Sciences; Meyers Primary Care Institute; Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine
Chemicals and Drugs | Geriatrics | Health Services Administration
OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of new initiation of long-acting opioids since introduction of national efforts to increase prescriber and public awareness on safe use of transdermal fentanyl patches.
SETTING: U.S. nursing homes (NHs).
PARTICIPANTS: Medicare-enrolled long-stay NH residents (N = 22,253).
MEASUREMENTS: Minimum Data Set 3.0 was linked with Medicare enrollment, hospital claims, and prescription drug transaction data (January-December 2011) and used to determine the prevalence of new initiation of a long-acting opioid prescribed to residents in NHs.
RESULTS: Of NH residents prescribed a long-acting opioid within 30 days of NH admission (n = 12,278), 9.4% (95% confidence interval = 8.9-9.9%) lacked a prescription drug claim for a short-acting opioid in the previous 60 days. The most common initial prescriptions of long-acting opioids were fentanyl patch (51.9% of opioid-naive NH residents), morphine sulfate (28.1%), and oxycodone (17.2%).
CONCLUSION: New initiation of long-acting opioids-especially fentanyl patches, which have been the subject of safety communications-persists in NHs.
analgesics, long-acting opioid, nursing home
DOI of Published Version
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2016 Sep;64(9):1772-8. doi: 10.1111/jgs.14306. Epub 2016 Aug 3. Link to article on publisher's site
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
Pimentel CB, Gurwitz JH, Tjia J, Hume AL, Lapane KL. (2016). New Initiation of Long-Acting Opioids in Long-Stay Nursing Home Residents. UMass Chan Medical School Faculty Publications. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.14306. Retrieved from https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/faculty_pubs/1255 | <urn:uuid:e11ef0ca-bede-47ed-9463-03c46b626e2d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/faculty_pubs/1255/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.799728 | 555 | 1.679688 | 2 |
Natures Aid Cod Liver Oil provides Omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA which contribute to the normal function of the heart.
Cod Liver Oil is an excellent source of Vitamins A and D which contribute to the normal function of the immune system. Vitamin D also contributes to the maintenance of normal teeth, bones and muscle function, whilst Vitamin A contributes to the maintenance of normal skin and vision.
Natures Aid Cod Liver Oil has been molecularly distilled to remove pollutants such as heavy metals (including mercury), dioxins and PCB’s to ensure ultimate purity.
About Natures Aid
Natures Aid have been manufacturing and supplying quality nutritional supplements to the independent retailers for 30 years. Their Philosophy has always been to provide high quality, effective nutritional supplements to help preserve and maintain optimum health. | <urn:uuid:1960e519-6090-4f02-a691-9c05bea2e1da> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.bodykind.com/product/7766-natures-aid-cod-liver-oil-180-x-1000mg-softgels.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721027.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00549-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.900935 | 162 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Thursday, December 22, 2011
Major league owners are famously reluctant to release franchise-specific financial information. However, Forbes estimates that the value of the Red Sox has climbed from about $500 million in 2002 to $900 million in 2011 — an impressive 7% annual growth.
Companies seeking to revitalize seemingly stagnant businesses can take three lessons from the Red Sox success:
1. Question orthodoxy. Of course you can’t put people on top of the Green Monster. Or host a hockey game in Fenway. Or can you?
2. Systematically evaluate business model options. A business model describes how an organization creates, captures, and delivers value. Consider all of the different levers at your disposal to create growth.
3. Look to the peripheries. Cable broadcasting and fan clubs aren’t obvious places to look for growth. Growth often comes from carefully examining the edges of your current business.
Just because a business is mature doesn’t mean there isn’t room for growth. If the Red Sox can find growth in an almost 100-year-old stadium, surely corporations can find growth in products and services that seem to have leveled off.
A regular Achilles Heel Rizzoli, if you will.
These strange but apparently true injuries are captured for posterity on a set of cards called “Left Field Cards,“and this, the first set, aptly titled “Bizarre Injuries.” They are printed from Mancini’s own linocuts onto letterpress paper.
“It’s fun to have a quirky point of view,” says Mancini from her home in Brooklyn. The artist, who moved from Lyon, France, in 2006, says she fell in love with baseball when she moved to the U.S. Her art reflects it—in addition to the cards she’s done several paintings with baseball themes as well.
She decided to feature the players’ foibles after googling fun facts about baseball. She discovered, as did we when we did our own Internet search (after finding out about Mancini on Design Sponge), that collecting information about peculiar baseball player injuries is a popular pastime. Or making a list about other weird baseball player facts. Apparently it’s a niche.
“I found all these guys who had gotten hurt in very strange ways,” Mancini says, “and I compiled my 10 favorite injuries.”
Posted: December 22, 2011 at 12:44 AM | 43 comment(s)
Sunday, October 09, 2011
Last Chance: Behind the Scenes at the Final Eight…
As soon as the last day of the regular season concluded, I was convinced there was a book to be done that would focus strictly on that final day, arguably the most dramatic in regular season baseball history. I thought—think—that if you go back to the eight teams involved in those four deciding games, focusing on the four teams fighting for the playoffs but also including the other four teams and get players, managers, coaches, broadcasters to walk you through that day in detail, you have one hell of a story.
My agent, Esther Newberg, who is one of those Red Sox fans who is STILL mad at Bill Buckner, says the story might be good but no Red Sox fan will buy the book even if you get really good stuff from Theo Epstein, Terry Francona, Dustin Pedroia, David Ortiz et al.
I understand that feeling. In 2008 when my book on Tom Glavine and Mike Mussina came out, I got a really nice note during spring training from Gary Cohen, the Mets longtime play-by-play announcer who is a good friend. Gary wrote that he loved the book, in fact thought it was the best one I’d written.
I wrote back, thanked him and asked him if it might be possible to come on for an inning or two one night to talk about the book, the process of writing it, why I chose Glavine and Mussina—typical promo stuff.
Gary’s answer was to the point: “John, I loved the book and you know I’d love to help in any way. But after the way last season ended (Glavine getting shelled for seven runs in 1/3 of an inning with the season on the line on the last day) there’s not a Mets fan alive who wants to hear the name Tom Glavine again anytime soon.”
He was, of course, right.
So, Red Sox fans, is Esther right on this one too?
Posted: October 09, 2011 at 12:16 PM | 32 comment(s)
for his generous support.
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Last: Jose is El Absurd Pollo | <urn:uuid:8b77ff68-4baa-438e-90fd-354c028d7730> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.baseballthinkfactory.org/newsstand/beats/products/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00164-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.928319 | 1,538 | 1.5625 | 2 |
Carb Counting with Lenny
Parsing scholarly articles are very stimulating to my academic self! I enjoy reviewing scientific literature to make it understandable to myself as well as to my patients (and readers). My diabetes team also reviews articles in journal clubs and conferences for us to be kept up-to-date and learn new technology as well as latest therapeutic treatments and ideas. (If we do not keep up with all the information out there, our patients and families will often do so for us!)
Once again, Ann Bartlett, knowing that as a pediatric specialist I am most happy to play games, directed me to the iTunesÓ store to check out and download a cool application on my ipad. Always willing to experiment with my ipad, I downloaded "Carb Counting with LennyÓ", an application developed by the Medtronic Corporation and began playing with it. According to Medtronic, Lenny the Lion is an ambassador for children's diabetes education. He apparently was diagnosed with diabetes when he was a cub and is currently on an insulin pump (Medtronic Minimed Revel, no doubt). Lenny explains that it is very important to count carbs to maintain healthy glucose levels. Although this application is marketed for young children, I really got into "Lenny's Food Guide," which shows pictures of the different food groups with the amount of carbs.
Pictures of the food also are displayed to denote the size of the portions as well as the content. For example, a banana is not always just a banana. It is important to acknowledge that there are small, medium, and large bananas with different carb amounts accordingly! He breaks the food guide into starches, fruits/vegetables, dairy, meats, fats, etc., and pictures (relatively accurate) are portrayed. For example, animal crackers- eight crackers are displayed amounting to 15 grams of carbs, etc. You also can add a food item if it is pictured in your photo albums somewhere (unfortunately, I don't have any pictures of foods in my ipad, or else I would have tried). You can scroll through all the food groups and actually memorize the carb list.
The next step was to play all the Carb games, which I did! Very addictive, and timed! The pressure was on to play four games:
- "Carb or No Carb," where the player has to indicate if the food item displayed has carbs or not....very quickly or you get dinged.
- "Compare the Carbs," where you have decide which item has more carbs, such as a small apple (15 grams) versus a hamburger with a bun (30 grams). You have less than 10 seconds to figure it and points are tallied.
- "Guess the Carbs," where a food item with a serving size is demonstrated and you have 6 seconds to choose between three options with different carb amounts. (Note: after doing these games several times, the time to decide seems to get less and less.). Different food items are tossed at you and you have to respond very quickly.
- "Build a meal!" is where the payoff game is an actual picture of a refrigerator with food items that you can choose to hit your target carb count. You can drag up to four items from the refrigerator to the meal area and build your meal. If you highlight the food item it will show the serving size, but not the carbohydrate amount. You drag the items hoping to total the target carb amount. If you are close, you get a nice confirmatory sound and add points to your running total; if not, you get a ding. Like most people, I don't like to get dinged so I kept playing (with less and less allotted seconds to decide, or else you get timed out) until I was doing very well with my carb allowance. Of course, the meals were not particularly balanced. Oh well.
Apparently, there are "Lenny contests and cool prizes," but you have to leave the App and go to your browser to find out more information.
We all know our kids and teens are fascinated with these applications and are glued to smart phones, ipads, and computers! Why not have them practice with an educational carb counting program and actually acquire practical, useful information? | <urn:uuid:15fbe440-9856-4aa3-9fcf-fcb7f26f1f1c> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.healthcentral.com/diabetes/c/651280/133072/counting-lenny | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720972.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00251-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970331 | 877 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Dec 14, 2010 at 1:42 PM
Edited Dec 14, 2010 at 1:43 PM
We are using the BSON functionality of Json.NET 3.5 Release 8 in our project and we are very happy with the performance! However, there is a problem with the representation of binary data in the output of this library. According to the BSON specification
at http://bsonspec.org/#/specification there are two subtypes for binary data, 0x00 and 0x02, of which 0x00 is the recommended format.
The BSON specification has the following to say on the 0x02 format:
Old generic subtype - This used to be the default subtype, but was deprecated in favor of \x00. Drivers and tools should be sure to handle \x02 appropriately. The structure of the binary data (the byte* array in the binary non-terminal)
must be an int32 followed by a (byte*). The int32 is the number of bytes in the repetition.
Json.NET uses 0x02 but fails to add the required extra length field to the binary data. This results in errors when trying to read the BSON data with another library like the MongoDB Java driver.
Preferably, Json.NET should start using 0x00 as the binary format, which it is already implicitly doing by omitting the extra length field, and it should support reading the correct 0x02 format. This will probably pose problems with backward compatibility...
Benny van Reeven | <urn:uuid:dd864ae4-1ea8-4149-8e0a-e69e6f0614d5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://json.codeplex.com/discussions/238311 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00569-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.902482 | 320 | 1.546875 | 2 |
A man may as well expect to grow stronger by always
eating as wiser by always READING.
Be careful about READING health books. You may die of a misprint.
Biography is the most universally pleasant and profitable
of all READING.
Desultory READING is delightful, but to be beneficial, our READING must be carefully directed.
From the moment I picked up your book until I laid it down, I was convulsed with laughter. Some day I intend READING it.
How many a man has dated a new era in his life from the READING of a book.
Henry David Thoreau
I love to lose myself in other men’s minds. When I am
not walking, I am READING; I cannot sit and think. Books
think for me.
I took a speed READING course and read 'War and Peace' in twenty minutes. It involves Russia.
People say that life is the thing, but I prefer READING.
Logan Pearsall Smith
READING is to the mind what exercise is to the body.
READING made Don Quixote a gentleman. Believing what he read made him mad.
George Bernard Shaw
READING makes a full man, conference a ready man, and writing an exact man.
READING should be in proportion to thinking and thinking
in proportion to READING.
READING, after a certain age, diverts the mind too much from its creative pursuits. Any man who reads too much and uses his own brain too little falls into lazy habits of thinking.
The art of READING is to skip judiciously. | <urn:uuid:35f04985-b908-4a24-8f79-872d1822b995> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://quotes.astalaweb.net/Results.asp?search=reading | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00178-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.93471 | 344 | 1.773438 | 2 |
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
United States Senator from Minnesota
In office: January 3, 1959 - January 3, 1971
Preceded by: Edward John Thye
Succeeded by: Hubert Humphrey
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Minnesota's 4th district
In office: January 3, 1949 - January 3, 1959
Preceded by: Edward Devitt
Succeeded by: Joseph Karth
Born: Eugene Joseph McCarthy on March 29, 1916, Watkins, Minnesota
Died: December 10, 2005 (aged 89), Washington, D.C.
Political party: Democratic - Farmer - Labor
Spouse: Abigail McCarthy (1915 - 2001)
Alma mater: Saint John's University, University of Minnesota
Religion: Roman Catholicism
Eugene Joseph ''Gene'' McCarthy (March 29, 1916 - December 10, 2005) was an American politician, poet, and a long time Congressman from Minnesota. He served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1949 to 1959 and the U.S. Senate from 1959 to 1971.
In the 1968 presidential election, McCarthy was the first candidate to challenge incumbent Lyndon B. Johnson for the Democratic nomination for president of the United States, running on an anti-Vietnam War platform. The unexpected vote total he achieved in the New Hampshire primary and his strong polling in the upcoming Wisconsin primary contributed to Johnson's decision to withdraw from the race, and lured Robert F. Kennedy into the contest. Fellow Minnesotan U.S. Vice President Hubert Humphrey also entered the race after Johnson's withdrawal. McCarthy would unsuccessfully seek the presidency five times altogether. | <urn:uuid:d19759da-61e7-403a-99b1-47fd2d680c37> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.timepassagesnostalgia.com/&page=1&pm=0&searchkeywords=U+S+President+Pinback+Button+Vietnam&sin=l316 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00474.warc.gz | en | 0.936808 | 366 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Assistant Professor of Political Science at the College of Liberal Arts, Elizabeth Koebele received one of this year’s Nevada System of Higher Education (NSHE) Rising Researcher Awards. This annual award is given to a faculty member from each Nevada research institute in recognition of early career achievement and potential for future advancement and recognition in research.
Koebele has just been promoted and made tenured an associate professor with tenure. She was the winner of the National Science Foundation’s CAREER Award (2021), winner of the College of Liberal Arts’ Mousel-Feltner Prize (2020), received over $1 million in grants, and won a handful of others. notable awards and accomplishments since she began teaching at the University of Nevada, Reno in 2017.
“It’s really good to be recognized in a system-wide context and to represent the State of Nevada and to be connected to all the other people who are doing amazing things at NUR,” said Koebele.
Koebele is well known for her research on water sustainability policy in the Colorado River Basin.
In late 2020, Colorado River Basin policymakers began a five-year process to renegotiate various water management rules that are due to expire in 2026. These include rules on how water shortages are “shared between US states and with Mexico, as well as how major reservoirs are operated.
Lake Mead and Lake Powell have reached historic lows, and the Colorado River continues to experience water shortages. Koebele’s policy research remains relevant with an even greater need for improved sustainability in the future.
“Being able to study a process as it happens that is so relevant to Nevada is really important to me,” she said.
Over the next year, Koebel will begin developing a governance model for the Colorado River System. His team will draw on 20 years of historical data to create a model for understanding how different policies have worked, or not, to promote system-wide water sustainability.
“This process must ultimately help the problem we are trying to solve [water sustainability] and advise the next set of policies for the Colorado River Basin,” Koebele said.
Koebele is also one of the authors of the fifth National Climate Assessment (NCA5) for the United States. The assessment will address issues of climate impact and water resource resilience in the Southwest, which includes Nevada.
In addition to water policy, Koebele is a member of the Risk and Social Policy Task Force – an interdisciplinary group of public health, public policy, psychology, political science, and communications researchers from across the United States examining how individuals perceive the risks associated with COVID-19, as well as how they respond through their behaviors and adherence to policies such as mask-wearing or stay-at-home orders.
The group has just completed a second survey to understand attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine. They presented this data at a conference in Chicago this spring.
“We are working on different ways to communicate vaccine risks to hopefully help with future health campaigns,” Koebele said.
She is also excited to write a book chapter on policy theory, a subject she teaches in a graduate seminar. And she will represent the University Abroad in Austria this summer at the European Policy Research Consortium conference. | <urn:uuid:7cccdca7-5693-4d27-adee-119243f8afd8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://barrygoldwaterfordemocracy.org/university-of-nevada-reno-school-of-political-science-shortlisted-for-regents-rising-researcher-award/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.962631 | 694 | 1.867188 | 2 |
struction and maintenance, and at the same time having regard for the very important matter of betterments, especially in its broader sense of the general increase in taxable valuations likely to result from the acquisition and gradual improvement of parks and parkways.
A COMPREHENSIVE SYSTEM OF PARKS AND PARKWAYS FOR PORTLAND.
A comprehensive system of parks and parkways for Portland may be briefly outlined as follows:
West of the Willamette River and south of Riverview cemetery there would be a large forest reservation, from which an informal picturesque parkway would pass east of Riverview cemetery leaving the west bank of the river at Fulton. It would keep along the hillsides to a connection with the City Squares, would continue on the hillsides to City Park, would keep on the hillsides to Macleay Park and would proceed thence along the hillsides to another large forest reservation on the hills northwest of Mountain View Park Addition. Attached to or in widenings of this parkway there would be areas which could be developed as neighborhood parks and play grounds. This hillside parkway and the two forest reservations would preserve some of the characteristic hill landscape west of the city, and afford fine views of the snowy peaks.
East of the river, if railroad ownership of needed lands does not prevent, there would be a river bluff parkway from Sellwood, where it would be connected by a bridge with the parkway west of the river at Fulton, along the top of the bluffs to the south end of Grand avenue.
There would be another river bluff parkway east of the river from a point north of the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company's machine shops (if the company will sell the portion of the bluff they own) to a bluff park west of Portland University.
These two river bluff parkways would preserve beautiful views of the river.
There would be a great meadow reservation among the Columbia Sloughs east of the electric railway to Vancouver to preserve the beautiful bottom land scenery.
There would be Mount Tabor Park to preserve hill scenery east of the river.
A mainly formal boulevard would connect the upper river parkway with Mount Tabor Park. | <urn:uuid:9fda59c5-a0d7-4957-a646-d4ac2ac4cdc0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Olmsted_report_on_Portland,_Oregon_parks,_1903.djvu/23 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00447-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964183 | 444 | 1.679688 | 2 |
Pikachu is an electric mouse. Pikachu's have yellow fur and brown lightning marks in there back and there tail. They have pointy ears and red circles on their face that contains electricity that they absorbed. Their tails are shaped in a lightning bolt. Pikachu's attack by creating bolts of lightning or sparks out of their electrically charged cheeks. Pikachu is number 25 in the Pokedex. Pikachu evolves into a Raichu. In the second generation of pokemon it is discovered that Pikachu is in fact an evolved Pokemon, and that it evolves from a Pokemon called Pichu.
The character of Pikachu along with the other original 150 Pokemon were designed by Ken Sugimori for his friend Satoshi Tajiri the creator of the Pokemon franchise. Due to it portrayal in the Pokemon Anime series as the main pokemon of the main character (Ash Ketchum) Pikachu went on to become the franchise's mascot.
Seeing as Pikachu refers to a species more than an individual character it is very difficult the say how they have developed over time, although it can be noted how certain individual Pikachu have grown as characters, for example Ash Ketchum's Pikachu was Ash's first Pokemon and originally chose to ignore and disobey orders given by it's new trainer. But following events that involved an attack by a flock of Spearow and seeing how Ash was willing to put himself in harms way to keep Pikachu safe, it had a change of heart and in turn risked itself to save Ash and ever after the two had created a close and unbreakable friendship.
And though not technically character development there is an 'Evolution' the Pikachu as a species dose go through. Like many other Pokemon Pikachu can undergo a sudden metamorphosis as it grows or meets specific circumstances, changing into a creature that is faster and stronger. Like all Pokemon The first stage of Pikachu's evolutionary line, Pichu, is hatched from an egg. As Pichu grows and if it reaches a point were it is incredibly happy Pichu will then proceed to evolve into a Pikachu. For Pikachu to reach it final form of Raichu it must first come into contact with a Thunderstone. Whilst Raichu may be the final stage of the Evolutionary chain there is a drawback of reaching this stage as unlike Pikachu a Raichu cannot learn any new moves via leveling up.
Major Story Arcs
Again seeing as Pikachu is a species it is hard to express feats as a whole and so it is easier to tell the stories of certain key individual Pikachu. Pikachu are generally found under the ownership of the main characters of various incarnations of the Pokemon franchise.
Ash Ketchum's Pikachu
Ash Ketchum a 10 year old boy from Pallet Town first met his Pikachu on the first day of his journey to become a Pokemon Trainer. In the anime Ash had received Pikachu a gift from Professor Oak, while in the manga adaption 'The Electric Tale of Pikachu' Ash had found Pikachu under the floorboards of his house chewing on electric cables. Immediately Pikachu became disobedient refusing to follow the simplest of orders such as getting inside his PokeBall.
Regardless Ash left on his Pokemon journey, resorting to dragging Pikachu along on a rope leash in order to him follow. After events that lead to Ash and Pikachu being attacked by wild Spearow (and a Fearow in the manga) Pikachu was badly hurt. Fleeing for safety whilst carrying his injured Pikachu Ash came across a girl named Misty from whom Ash 'borrowed' her bike and raced to the Pokemon Medical Center. But eventually the flock of Spearow caught up causing Ash and Pikachu to fall off the bike. As pikachu lie helpless on the ground he looked up to see Ash using his body to shield it from the Spearow's attacks. Realizing that Ash truly cared about it, using the last of it's strength Pikachu leapt into the air and unleashed a massive lightningbolt, defeating the entire flock of Spearow and accidentally incinerating Misty's bike. As both Ash and Pikachu lie exosted on the ground Pikachu gives Ash a lick on the cheek, sealing their bond of eternal friendship. Shortly Pikachu fainted and frantic Ash continued to run towards the Pokemon Center.
When Ash finally reached the Pokemon Center he was immediately scolded by Nurse Joy for allowing his Pikachu to become so injured. As Pikachu recovered in the emergency ward Misty was confronting Ash about the condition of her bike, but she lightened up a little once she saw how badly Ash blamed himself for Pikachu's injuries. As this happened a young man and woman named Jessie and James along with their talking Meowth attacked the Pokemon Center. The trio were members of the criminal organisation Team Rocket and were under the orders of their boss, Giovanni, to steal all the Pokemon at the Center. In the battle that followed Misty told Ash to take his Pikachu to safety as she held Team Rocket off. Though Misty would soon be overpowered by Jessie and James, the Pokemon Center was ultimately saved by Ash's Pikachu who had received an electric 'recharge' from a group of Pikachu that worked in the Pokemon Center's back-up generator. Once Pikachu had fully recovered he continued with Ash on his journey and were joined by Misty and later a teenager named Brock. Team Rocket had decided to follow the group and attempt to capture Ash's Pikachu as they realize that it was truly a special Pokemon. Ash's Pikachu also had a bit of a rivalry with Lt. Surge's Raichu.
Sparky is the nickname of the Pikachu belonging to the Pokemon Trainer known as Ritchie. Sparky can be identified from other Pikachu as he has a tuft of spiky fur on his head. Like Ash and his Pikachu, Ritchie and Sparky originated in the Anime series but also appeared in the Electric Tale of Pikachu. It is unknown how Sparky and Ritchie met, all that is known is that the two share a strong bond as Ash and his Pikachu do. Sparky and Ritchie were first met when Ash was competing in the Kanto region Pokemon League tournament, where all of the trainers' Pokemon were stolen by Team Rocket. So Ash and Ritchie teamed up to retrieve them. When Ash and Ritchie faced off in the tournament Sparky won against Ash's Charizard by default, as Charizrd chose to ignore Ash and take a nap instead.
Pika is the nickname given to the Pikachu that belongs to Red from the Pokemon Adventures series. Red captured Pika in Pewter City where the electric Pokemon had been causing trouble,stealing and eating food from the market place. Pika went on to become one of Red's three main Pokemon along side Saur the Bulbasaur/Ivysaur/Venusaur and Poli the Poliwag/Poliwhirl/Poliwrath. Being extremely sassy of nature Pika help Red win the the Pokemon League finals against his long time rival Green Oak.
Some time later when Red had been trapped by the Elite Four, Pika was the only one of Pokemon to escape. Pika eventually met a young girl named Yellow, who helped Pika free Red. Pika is famous for being one of only a few Pikachu to know the move Surf as well as inventing the 'Megavolt.'
Later on Pika would become the mate of Yellow's own Pikachu 'Chuchu', and would have the offspring that became Gold's Pichu.
Yellow's Pikachu, Chuchu, she found injured in Viridian Forest. Yellow nursed Chuchu back to health and the two son became partners. Chuchu mainly appeared in the Johto chapter of Pokemon Adventures where she helped fight against the Red Gyarados, and fought along side the Pokemon of Red, Green, Blue, Gold, Silver and Crystal against the mysterious Mask of Ice and the Neo Team Rocket.
Chuchu is special among Pikachu as she has learnt the ability to use the move Fly, a technique usually learnt only by Flying-type Pokemon.
Later Chuchu would fall in love with Red's Pikachu, Pika, and the two would produce an egg that would become a Pichu that travels with the trainer named Gold.
Isamu Akai's Pikachu
Isamu Akai is the star character of the first Pokemon Manga 'Pocket Monsters'. Unlike most other Pokemon universes in this continuity the majority of Pokemon can talk, like Isamu's first Pokemon a loudmouthed and crude Clefairy. How ever that makes Isamu's Pikachu an oddity as it is one of very few Pokemon that cannot talk in this manga.
Pikachu is the cousin of Isamu's Clefairy, to whom Pikachu is the complete opposite. Where as Clefairy is rude and some what slow witted, Pikachu is shown to be very polite and intelligent, this often leads to the two acting as rivals. Seeing as how Pikachu is unablr to speak he tends to communicate via pantomime. This Pikachu also once evolved into a Raichu, but due to the fact that evolution works differently in this universe he eventually reverted back into a Pikachu.
Other Notable Pikachu
During the events of 'Pokemon the First Movie: Mewtwo Strikes Back' Ash's Pikachu, along with many other Pokemon were cloned by Mewtwo. The result was a stronger, far more violent and aggressive version of Pikachu. The clone could be distinguished from the original as it had slightly altered black ear markings. The Pikachu clone fought against Ash's Pikachu in Mewtwo's battle to the death, but no matter how much the clone attacked Ash's Pikachu would not fight back. By the end of the battle when Mewtwo realized the error of his ways he took the Pikachu clone, along with the other clones, to find their true place in the world.
At one point during his travels through Johto Ash was temporarily transformed into a Pikachu by a witch in training named Lily. This happened due to a mistake of instead of being able to read the minds of Pokemon, which is what Ash wanted, he was turned into a Pokemon instead. Although Brock did say that the spell did work in a way as Ash could know what was in a Pokemon's mind as he now was one. Despite being in the body of a Pikachu Ash retained the ability to speak and showed no ability in being able to use any of a Pikachu's electric attacks.
There is an elderly, blue-eyed Pikachu nicknamed Puka that is under the owner ship of an old surfer named Victor. Victor had found Puka washed but on the beach badly injured. As Victor nursed the Pikachu he noticed that Puka had an odd connection to the ocean, Puka was able to sense the tide which caused his eyes to glow. Ash, Misty, Brock and Pikachu met Victor and Puka at the Saefoam Islands during a surfing contest. Victor and Puka had been waiting twenty years for the return of a ginormous wave named 'Humunga-Dunga', which helped them win the contest.
Powers and Abilities
All Pikachu have the ability to generate electric discharges of varying intensity, from electricity sacks in their cheeks. When many Pikachu gather together their combined power can generate a lightning storm. If too much electricity builds up in their cheeks they can become sick with what is known as an 'Electric Cold'. Pikachu use their tales as a grounding rod.
Pikachu are generally extremely fast, being able to dodge and out run many foes. With moves like Quick attack and agility Pikachu can move fast enough to cause an after image affect. When their Speed a Electric abilities are combined Pikachu are able to achieve their signature move 'Volt Tackle'.
Some Pikachu have even demonstrated the ability to manipulate water, and with the aid of a surfboard use the move 'Surf'.
Some Pikachu also are able to use the move 'Fly' via the aid of balloons.
A Pikachu's powers are amplified greatly when they hold the item the Light Orb.
As an 'Electric type' Pokemon Pikachu are highly vulnerable to Pokemon and attacks of the 'Ground type'. Pikachu's electric abilities have no effect what-so-ever on Ground type Pokemon and attacks of the Ground element cause tremendous damage upon Pikachu.
- Height: 1'04'', 0.4m
- Weight: 13.2 lbs, 6kg
- Eyes: Black, sometimes Blue
- Hair: Yellow fur (with brown stripes)
- Unusual Features: Lightning bolt shaped tail, females have a heart shaped dip in the end of their tails.
- Citizenship: native to the Kanto Region
- Family: Pichu (pre-evolved form), Raichu (evolved form)
Pikachu is a highly popular Pokemon, not just in the Pokemon World. DC hero Static was shown at one point to collect its cards in the Pokemon Trading card game that exists in the Milestone (and presumably DC) verses | <urn:uuid:b81f1c55-1ffe-495e-8e19-cbd6c0fb4383> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://comicvine.gamespot.com/pikachu/4005-52213/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570741.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808001418-20220808031418-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.976271 | 2,659 | 2.34375 | 2 |
Location of sighting: Earths Orbit at ISS
This glowing UFO was caught on the live space station cam this week and shows it actually moving upward. This glowing object is fluctuating. Most UFOs recorded around the world (about 20%) are white glowing balls. This is a fantastic example of that. Great video by Streetcap1 of Youtube. | <urn:uuid:040c2014-1e13-43fe-9163-ef4dc81fbb18> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/2014/09/glowing-ufo-at-space-station-on-sept-15.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00284-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959498 | 69 | 1.695313 | 2 |
The tremendously devastating earthquake in Haiti has brought forth a wonderful outpouring of donations from all corners, to a lot of fine organizations dedicated to helping these folk through the weeks and months ahead. Sometimes though, it takes a little extra prod to dislodge those few more dollars that, while so small here, can make an enormous difference in the survivor’s well-being.
That’s why musicians (including some of the regulars from around here) who regularly meet up on various sites around the web decided early on to make up an online CD of works, the proceeds from which will virtually all go to buying basic food relief for the survivors. Using the innovatory music platform BandCamp, The CD was created and made available literally within days of the disaster; BandCamp also provides an easy and efficient way for folks to pay online, and to get that money back and out to Food for the Poor. Each $20 donated buys 100 pounds of rice and beans, basic staples every Haitian needs now. 96% of all the money goes directly for food purchases; the artists involved aren’t making a dime.
There are 19 musicians who have donated contemporary/experimental/improvisational tracks for the CD; not only from the U.S. but the other sides of both oceans as well. The minimum amount to purchase and download the tracks is a mere $5.00, but you’re more than welcome to make your payment any higher amount, too. So far in just the first two days of its release a couple hundred dollars have already been raised, but of course they’d like to keep it coming.
Those of you have have already given directly to this and other relief organizations, we salute you. But if perhaps someone’s been a little slow, maybe this might help motivate them to part with just a little cash. Whatever it takes, if it brings in even a few more dollars then good things can happen.
In the old movies, when someone needed help the scrappy kids always said “let’s put on a show”! Think of this as the 21-century version of the same idea, except with scrappy new-music composers and performers. | <urn:uuid:00a37c29-1782-441b-b788-0a511a2007a2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.sequenza21.com/2010/01/new-music-helping-haiti/comment-page-1/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00186-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960441 | 452 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Market share is a metric every business must take into consideration. Some firms will tout market share as the only means to judge success, while others ignore it completely, looking only at profit margin. Both approaches are a misuse of this valuable metric. There are a number of reasons to increase market share, but there are also reasons not to increase it.
This is the most obvious of reasons. Increased sales volume can be used to gain a cost advantage over competitors.
When you have a large portion of market share, you can begin to bargain with suppliers and channel members.
Industry not Growing
If the industry you are in is refusing to grow or in the midst of a recession, capturing competitor market share can increase sales.
When you are seen as the dominant force in your industry, you gain the advantage of word-of-mouth advertising and increased prestige among customers.
Why not Increase?
If your production capabilities are maxed out, a market share increase would involve extra expenditures within operations and production.
Loss of Profit
If market share is increased with a price decline or production cost, you may decrease your overall ROI.
If competitors find their market share slipping away, a price war could ensue causing profits to drop dramatically.
These represent just a few reasons. The market share discussion can become much more involved. One thing almost anyone can agree on is knowing your market share is important to successfully managing your business. With the increase in data intelligence knowing your market share is easier than ever. | <urn:uuid:4d8d817f-460d-4296-8ef3-70a15146321c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.randallreilly.com/2013/07/marketing-2/what-does-market-share-mean-to-you/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00122-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959873 | 307 | 1.820313 | 2 |
Water in a flooded basement is to be pumped into an empty right circular cylindrical container. If the height of the container is 250 cm, is the volume of the container sufficient for it to hold all the water?
(1)The area of the flooded portion of the basement is 20 square meters.
(2)The circumference of the container is 100 centimeters
To know whether the container will hold the water, we would have to have a clear idea of (1) how big is the container, and (2) how much water is on the basement floor. We already know the height of the cylindrical container, but nothing else about it. Statement #1
: this tells us the area of the basement, but here, first of all, we don't know one iota more about the cylinder, and also, we don't know how deep the water is. The volume would be (area)*(depth), and it very much makes a difference in how much water there is altogether if the water is 1/4 inch deep or 7 inches deep. This statement, by itself, is insufficient
. Statement #2
: this tells us the circumference of the cylinder, which means we could solve for the radius, which means we could find the area, which means we could calculate the volume of cylinder. Notice, I am not going to be gullible enough actually to perform those calculations. This is DS, and all I have to know is --- could I do the calculation. For this one, I definitely could calculate the volume of the cylinder, which is one piece we need, but here we know nothing about the quantity of water. This statement, by itself, is insufficient
: Statement #2 gives us the volume of the cylinder, which is half of what we need. Statement #1 give us the area of the flooded section of the basement, but without the depth of the water, we still don't know the volume of the water, so we still can't compare the two volumes. So close, but alas! Even combined, the statements are insufficient
Answer = E
Does all this make sense?
Magoosh Test Prep | <urn:uuid:92531f8c-9791-49cf-b819-1749f4251ba3> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://gmatclub.com/forum/water-in-a-flooded-basement-is-to-be-pumped-into-an-empty-142334.html?fl=similar | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719416.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00364-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949839 | 439 | 3.078125 | 3 |
Letter series type of questions usually consists of a series of small letters which follow a certain pattern. However, some letters are missing from the series. These missing letters are then given in a proper sequence as one of the alternatives. The candidate is requitred to choose this alternative as the answer.
_ c _ bd _ cdcda _ a _ db _ a
The series is acdb / dacb / cdab / acdb / da.
The third letter in each sequence becomes the first letter in the following sequence. | <urn:uuid:5f4edf31-e1ec-46b4-8996-cb8cff82c183> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.edugoog.com/details/c-bd-cdcda-a-db-a-letter-series.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281151.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00110-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.929289 | 110 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Hacked data stolen from CD Projekt is circulating online, the company says. The studio behind Cyberpunk 2077 and The Witcher 3 says it can not confirm the exact contents of the data being circulated, but believes it relates to its games, contractors, and both current and former employees. It also warned that the data may have been manipulated or tampered with.
The disclosure comes four months after the studio first announced that it had fallen victim to a ransomware attack. It initially said hackers had managed to access “certain data” from the company. CD Projekt posted the ransom note it received in which the hackers claimed to have access to source code from its games including Cyberpunk 2077, The Witcher 3, and Gwent. The note also said the hacked data included details relating to its HR, accounting, and other internal operations.
The company said it would not give in to the hackers’ demands, and days later the attackers claimed to have sold the data online. However the nature of the sale, in which the hackers claimed to have found a buyer outside of a hacking forum auction, raised questions about whether they were able to find a buyer at all. Writing in a blog post, Emsisoft threat analyst Brett Callow said he thought it was “likely” that the hackers were just claiming to have found a buyer to “save face” after having failed to monetize the hack.
CD Projekt has previously admitted that hackers were able to encrypt some of its employee data on its network. But the company said its investigation had found no evidence that the data had been transferred out of the company’s systems.
The hack followed the troubled launch of the studio’s latest blockbuster title, Cyberpunk 2077. Although it sold well and was initially well-received by critics, players quickly discovered that the game was riddled with bugs, and almost unplayable on older consoles. The situation was so bad that the game was pulled from the PlayStation Store. As of this writing, it is yet to return.
CD Projekt says it’s continuing to work with law enforcement and outside experts as it responds to the hack, and said it is “committed and prepared” to take action against anyone sharing the stolen data. | <urn:uuid:8412b276-e1d7-4d02-ab2b-0b09b2a4a3dc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/11/22529199/cyberpunk-hack-data-leaked-online-employee-game-data | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.983839 | 471 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Editor’s Note: Christopher O. Hernæs is Vice President of Strategy, Innovation and Analysis of SpareBank 1 Group, Norway’s second largest financialinstitution. He was previously a partner at Core Group, where he worked with strategy development and innovation for Technology, Media, Telecom and financial services.
Banking has gone from somewhere you go to something you do. If we are to believe that the sharing economy will shape our future, banking and all financial services will become something that merely exists in the background, similar to other basic utilities.
I have previously argued that financial services are in danger of becoming a commodity due to the disruption of traditional value networks and business models, as well as lack of trust from the millennial generation. The sharing economy is already reshaping the industry through P2P lending, social payments, crowdfunding and P2P insurance. But if we look at what is going on in other industries and the rest of society, the implications are far more extensive.
Jeremy Rifkin stirred up a great deal of debate with the release of his book The Zero Marginal Cost Society where he states that the capitalist era is passing. The catalyst for this is the widespread adoption of technology and the rise of the Internet of Things. According to Rifkin, automation and sharing services will replace traditional means of production, rendering the marginal cost of products and services close to zero.
There is already a wide range of companies acting as proof to this hypothesis.
Uber as a ridesharing service needs no further introduction, but the integrated payment solution where the customers scan their credit cards once gives an indication of the future of payments where the act of paying for a service is integrated with the service itself. According to McKinsey, 80 percent of customer interaction with their banks is through paying for goods and services. When this is integrated into the service, banks become invisible in everyday spending.
The same can be said for insurance, where Airbnb offers homeowners insurance and host-protection insurance as an integrated part of the service. Both Uber and Lyft have expanded their liability insurance for ridesharing, and companies like TaskRabbit include an insurance policy covering property damage to make trusting strangers easier. You may ask yourself, when was the last time you really wanted to purchase travel insurance? Chances are you wanted to travel, and insurance was a necessity. Just imagine the implications for the auto insurance industry in a possible future of ridesharing in self-driving cars with integrated liability coverage.
These services are possible due to a global digital distribution, which creates another challenge for incumbents in traditional industries on an infrastructure level.
For the financial sector, the blockchain technology represents such a technological paradigm shift where the ledger itself is public and distributed. This eliminates the need for costly elements such as clearing and settlement, making blockchain and micropayments the ideal platform. This enables more services to be leased on a granular basis like paying for Wi-Fi by the minute as well as removing more of the friction in the payment process.
But is the sharing economy a true form of social capitalism or a catalyst for wealth disparity where global ecosystems like Google, Facebook and service platforms like Uber and Airbnb create a form of digital feudalism?
According to Quartz, the secret to the Uber economy is wealth inequality. This is supported by research from the Brookings Institution, which states that the birthplace of the sharing-economy movement, San Francisco, had the largest increase in inequality of any U.S. city from 2007 to 2012. Another unresolved issue of the sharing economy is how the fixed cost associated with infrastructure will be financed in a long-term perspective. Even though technological platforms are relatively inexpensive to set up and deploy, history shows that production means low marginal costs of producing often have high initial capital costs.
Whatever the outcome, the younger generations show a tendency toward being empowered citizens valuing co-creation and sharing rather than becoming consumers. The financial sector has proven to evolve alongside both social and economic development throughout history, and it is therefore necessary to view banks and finance as an integral part of future services and society instead of a separate entity.
The world is changed. Much that once was is lost and the financial industry is facing an uncertain future.Featured Image: Katarzyna Mikolajczyk/Shutterstock | <urn:uuid:cef3989a-4485-49d9-aeae-5ea0faf7fd37> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://techcrunch.com/2015/01/03/the-sharing-economy-and-the-future-of-finance/?ncid=rss | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285289.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00147-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.957602 | 873 | 2.25 | 2 |
The future is here!
Yes, you heard us right. We are at the beginning of a new decade. The future is going to be like the present but more groundbreaking. Advertising is something that surrounds us from dawn to dust, surfing the web to watch television or flipping through pages of a newspaper. We are under the influence of the advertising and marketing industry.
Many small things have been made large by the right kind of advertising. – Mark Twain
Currently, the giant brands of the world are increasing the advertising budget because they know that the future is gold and game-changing. The central question is not whether advertising will change or not, but is how radically it will do so.
Being in the 21st century we all are live examples of how advertising imprints in our minds & daily lives. You want an illustration now? Then, this is it –
‘Washing Powder Nirma, Washing powder Nirma,
Doodh si safedi, Nirma se aayii…’ (Remember?)
Advertising is the art of conveying a message of a product or service to the masses. It generally persuades people about commercial products, services and even draws attention towards social issues. Advertising is one of the essential departments of any industry as it ensures the company’s competitiveness in the realm.
The advertising industry is about firms that advertise, agencies that curate the commercials, media that leads the ads, and a multitude of people like copy editors, visualizers, brand managers, researchers, creative heads and graphic designers who take it the last mile to the customer or receiver.
In layman’s language, how does the advertising industry work?
A company that needs to advertise hires an advertising agency. The company summarises the agency on the brand, its symbolism, the ideals and values behind it, the target segments and so on. The agencies convert the ideas and needs of the company, to create the visuals, text, layouts and themes to communicate with the user. After consent from the client, the ads are broadcast, as per the planning done by the agency.
Currently, the Indian advertising industry is on a roll! It’s all set to provide skilled and quality employment to thousands of individuals in upcoming years. | <urn:uuid:65f42bfd-5dd0-4d8a-911f-0a0568614574> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dgmc.org.in/scope-of-pursuing-career-in-advertising-and-branding/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00676.warc.gz | en | 0.946232 | 465 | 2.203125 | 2 |
WFU student connects volunteers with Hispanic community
By Cheryl Walker
To connect Wake Forest University students who speak Spanish with organizations in Winston-Salem that need them, Wake Forest senior Jessie Lee Smith started Aprender y Enseñar.
In English, it means "to learn and to teach."
The student-led service organization places Wake Forest students with local agencies that work with the Hispanic community. Using a Web site (http://www.wfu.edu/Student-organizations/aprender), the students are matched with agencies based on their interests, Spanish-speaking ability and schedule.
In addition to providing much-needed volunteers, the program also helps Wake Forest students practice Spanish and better understand Hispanic culture and issues.
The idea for the volunteer organization came out of a first-year seminar class, "Mexican Migration to the United States," taught by William Meyers, professor of history. As part of the class, students volunteered with numerous service organizations in Winston-Salem ranging from Family Services Head Start to the Community Care Clinic.
"During the course of the semester, we learned of the need to establish a coordinated volunteer effort at Wake Forest to help meet the needs of the Hispanic community of Winston-Salem," Smith said.
She worked with Meyers and the Hispanic International Action Association to establish Aprender y Enseñar. The first volunteers were recruited in 2003. Sixty-five to 75 students have volunteered with Aprender y Enseñar during the 2004-2005 academic year.
"Our agency strives to serve as the 'one-stop' volunteer agency where students of all majors, Spanish levels, and backgrounds can come and find a community organization that needs their help," said Smith, who gained grant support from Wake Forest's Leadership and Ethics Fund to start the project. It now operates under the umbrella of Wake Forest's Volunteer Service Corps.
"Aprender y Enseñar provides an opportunity for students to get involved in their outside community, build leadership skills, and practice their Spanish skills," she said. "The relationships that students are able to build with the Hispanic community and the community organizations are long lasting, and enhance each student's experience at our university."
The network now includes 15 – 20 partner volunteer organizations in Winston-Salem that are working with Aprender y Enseñar. Among them are the AIDs Care Service, the Second Harvest Food Bank and Forest Park Elementary.
"This is a perfect example of how students and teachers can interrelate and build something," Meyers said. "It's gotten us out into the community and has established all kinds of new relationships with people in the community."
Teresa Sanhueza, assistant professor of Spanish at Wake Forest, provides some of the training and also evaluates the Spanish language skills of volunteers who want to work with agencies that provide medical care.
She also uses the Aprendar y Enseñar network to place students in her Spanish classes with agencies in town for the service-learning part of her courses.
"The idea is to bring students to the community, but also to bring the Hispanic community to the university," Sanhueza said.
Agency representatives are supportive of the initiative.
"All agencies are in need of volunteers," said Daisy Rodriguez, agency coordinator for the Second Harvest Food Bank, where several Wake Forest students volunteer. "For the Hispanic community, now I see a network of volunteers they can count on. Touching each others' lives is also really important. Social capital is being built."
Rodriguez previously worked with the Hispanic International Action Association.
Aprender y Enseñar will continue after Smith, a native of Hendersonville, graduates in May. Anna Bowman, a Wake Forest sophomore from Mechanicsville, Va., and Jenna Bloxom, a Wake Forest junior from Houston, will take over leadership next year. | <urn:uuid:02650762-3201-44d6-b8d6-9557193c0034> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.wfu.edu/wfunews/2005/041305a.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00486-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950162 | 799 | 1.804688 | 2 |
It’s that lovely time of year when the weather is just right, the sun is shining, flowers are blooming and butterflies are fluttering just over head (and on your head) by the hundreds in the Desert Botanical Garden’s Marshall Pavilion.
Every day from March 2 through May 12, about 1,000 beautiful butterflies — giant swallowtails, great Southern whites, julias, painted ladies, malachites, queens and zebra swallowtails — will add to the beauty of the garden.
“Our spring exhibit is mostly about North American butterflies,” said Elaine McGinn, director of planning and exhibits at the garden. “At any given time, we have more than 1,000 butterflies with 10 to 15 species. They’re in a large greenhouse-type structure, which is nice. We can plant a lot of plants in there that we can’t put out in the garden because of the heat. You walk in and there’s sort of a lush feeling.”
Desert Botanical Garden hosts two seasonal butterfly exhibits. The fall exhibit primarily focuses on monarchs and their miles-long winter migration from the U.S. to Mexico.
Most days, volunteers will be walking around the pavilion to speak with visitors about the butterflies they are seeing.
On most Saturday mornings, although unscheduled, there will be a doctoral student available to answer questions about the butterflies.
“There are a lot of opportunities to learn more about butterflies, including on Saturday mornings when you can talk with that butterfly expert,” McGinn said. “She has a microscope to look at the butterfly wings up close. And she can tell you about butterfly behavior.”
Just outside the pavilion is a garden with flowers that attract butterflies. It’s an educational area that may inspire visitors to plant their own butterfly gardens.
One weekend during the spring display, the Desert Botanical Garden sets aside an area for families with kids to have breakfast with the butterflies. For $40 ($35 for garden members) and $35 for children ($30 for member kids), the garden serves breakfast, provides live music and gives those families access to the butterfly pavilion.
“It’s a family event geared toward children,” said Sara Zeck, special-events coordinator at the garden. “It’s whimsical and fun. We have a kid-themed breakfast with pancakes and eggs. We’ll have a build-your-own butterfly station that’s a play off of ants on a log with peanut butter and celery. We have face painters, a balloon twister and butterfly-themed crafts. It’s super cute and fun.”
The kids get their own wearable butterfly wings they can take home.
“That’s the biggest hit,” Zeck said. “Everyone wants their wings. We have a few different colors, so even the boys go wild.”
Breakfast with the Butterflies is 10 a.m. March 9-10.
Music will be provided by Poranguí, a world-beat percussionist who bills himself as a “sonic juggler.”
“He does a great job of making fun, danceable music for the kids,” Zeck said. “He even incorporates bug sounds into it. He’s fantastic.” | <urn:uuid:d752c90b-f493-482e-8582-cad9a6854239> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://archive.azcentral.com/thingstodo/events/articles/20130227butterfly-exhibit-desert-botanical-garden-phoenix.html?from=global | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00215-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944202 | 713 | 2.078125 | 2 |
As part of its commitment to continuing education, the Heard Museum Guild presents several short courses each year, in October, January and April. Open to the public, the aim of the courses is to enhance one’s respect for Native peoples and to develop an appreciation of their art and culture.
In conjunction with the October opening of the Kay WalkingStick: An American Artist exhibit, this month’s short course will cover the contributions of Native women in the arts on three successive Thursdays. More information and to reserve a seat: http://www.heardguild.org/american-indian-studies/
The class will meet on Oct. 6, 13 and 20.
Facilitator: Phyllis Manning (email@example.com)
Short Course Fee: $45 (for all) | <urn:uuid:ac337c2c-aa86-451f-bda2-28579050a0a6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://heard.org/event/short-course-native-women-arts-oct-6-13-20/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00560-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936244 | 172 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Accessible finance, vibrant private sector keys to continued growth
Ethiopia's modest attachment with the world economy has helped it to be one of the few countries less smacked by the world economic crisis. Even though it was not as affected by the crisis, Sukhwinder Singh, the International Monetary Fund Country representative, said that Ethiopia would be wise to discontinue its untied economic structure. He made these comments while he presented the 2009 Economic Outlook of the Sub-Saharan Countries.
The external environment for African countries was bad in the year 2009. This is primarily because the economic crisis significantly reduced commodity prices, global trade, capital flows and remittances, according to the economic outlook. This reduced economic growth of oil exporting and middle income Sub Saharan African countries by 7 percent.
However low income countries like Ethiopia experienced a reduction of 2.5 percent, Singh said.
Most countries made macroeconomic adjustments during the year that helped them to face the challenges. The severe foreign reserve shortage and high inflation, particularly in Ethiopia, made the challenges tough, however Ethiopia has implemented IMF's macroeconomic recommendations that reduced the impact of the crisis, he said. Read Full Report from Capital ...
This entry was posted on December 16th, 2009 at 00:44 by apache and is filed under Ethiopia. | <urn:uuid:013b7de7-9e40-458c-a66e-38c4f3917ce6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://nazret.com/blog/index.php/2009/12/16/imf_global_crisis_skips_ethiopia | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00166-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962731 | 264 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Acupuncture and pregnancy have been known to work well together because acupuncture can be used to relieve pain and reduce overall stress in a pregnant woman. This is one of the oldest forms of medical treatment that is still used in the world today, and its ability to withstand the test of time is a testament to the viability of the treatment.
There are many benefits that anyone can enjoy when using acupuncture treatment, but these benefits are magnified when they are felt by a pregnant woman.
Many women who are about to become mothers would benefit from learning about the relationship between acupuncture and pregnancy, and it would be nice if more women knew about this kind of treatment.
Most women probably think that something like acupuncture could end up harming the child because of the insertion of needles, but this is simply not something to be worried about.
A professional acupuncturist knows what parts of the body need to be stuck with needles during acupuncture, so there is no need to worry about damage to your child.
Acupuncture can help solidify a health delivery because it eases a mother’s tension and helps her relax more. This will also have a positive effect on the baby because children are known to come out healthier when their mothers are not stressed out too much during the pregnancy. It’s hard to find some calming sources of stress relief when you are pregnant but acupuncture is definitely one of the best sources of stress relief to look at.
How acupuncture and pregnancy relate with each other
There are a lot of huge problems that affect the mother while she is pregnant, and it can be very hard to deal with issues such as morning sickness and cramping on a regular basis. Acupuncture and pregnancy have a great relationship because acupuncture can actually reduce the amount of pain and suffering that comes from the side effects of pregnancy.
It is much easier to relax and create a better environment in your womb when your body is at ease and energy is allowed to freely move around your body.
The mood swings are sometimes the hardest part about pregnancy because the tension and stress usually becomes too much for any normal woman to handle. This means that stress relief and pain relief is going to be a huge key to making sure you can get through the pregnancy.
Acupuncture is able to fight against the discomforts associated with pregnancy because it eases stress and allows the woman to get rid of some of that tension building up in her body.
The third trimester is when it gets rough
The third trimester is when the positive relationship between acupuncture and pregnancy is most notable because that is when the pains, aches and cramps really start to set in on the mother. Acupuncture treatment is one of the best ways to fight all of these problems, so it would be a wise decision to at least consider using acupuncture for help. | <urn:uuid:c68a1461-eb75-441b-8184-66141b41fdab> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.altmedicinezone.com/acupuncture/acupuncture-and-pregnancy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572192.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815145459-20220815175459-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.97056 | 568 | 1.945313 | 2 |
Building on his critically acclaimed Gifford Lectures, N. T. Wright presents a richly nuanced case for a theology based on a renewed understanding of historical knowledge.
The question of 'natural theology' interlocks with the related questions of how we can conceive of God acting in the world, and of why, if God is God, the world is full of evil. Can specific events in history, like those reported in the Gospels, afford the necessary point from which to answer such questions?
Widely shared cultural and philosophical assumptions have conditioned our understanding of history in ways that make the idea of divine action in history problematic. But could better historical study itself win from ancient Jewish and Christian cosmology and eschatology a renewed way of understanding the relationship between God and the world?
N. T. Wright argues that this can indeed be done, and in this ground-breaking book he develops a distinctive approach to natural theology grounded in what he calls an 'epistemology of love'. This approach arises from his reflection on the significance of the ancient concept of the 'new creation' for our understanding the reality of the world, the reality of God and their relation to one another.
N. T. (Tom) Wright is Professor of New Testament and Early Christianity at the University of St Andrews. Prior to that he was Bishop of Durham (2003-10), Canon Theologian of Westminster (2000–3), Dean of Lichfield (1994–99) and Fellow, Tutor and Chaplain of Worcester College, Oxford (1986–93).
Professor Wright is the author of over eighty books, including The New Testament and the People of God, Jesus and the Victory of God, The Resurrection of the Son of God, Scripture and the Authority of God, Surprised by Hope, Virtue Reborn, How God Became King, Paul and the Faithfulness of God, Paul and His Recent Interpreters, The Day the Revolution Began, Paul: A biography and (with Michael F. Bird) The New Testament in its World. | <urn:uuid:99f58935-4b2a-48f5-bcbd-95f2923f44be> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://garrattpublishing.com.au/product/9780281081646/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.931819 | 415 | 2.34375 | 2 |
Earning legitimate money at home with the help of a computer and internet connection is now possible for a wide range of businesses and jobs. Today we have more numbers of successful online entrepreneurs then we had say 5 years back. Legitimate options for earning money at home have increased many fold in all these years due to a number of developments and reasons. Some of the reasons which have helped in earning legitimate money at home today.
This has been possible due to a number of factors, some of them are: –
1. Opportunities Vs Leap and bound Advances in Technology : People had always wished to earn money from home but some time back this was not possible to such an amount. This was because there was not enough technology to support this. Technology like networking, broadband, computers were limited and concentrated to few places across the globe. Earlier computer and internet was used by professionals only.
2. Legitimate opportunities online Vs Cheaper technology and wide distribution of computer networks : Today computers with latest technology are available across the globe which means more people are now interested in elearning money at home with the help of there computer and an internet connection. This rapid expansion of cheaper technology has helped a wider coverage.
3. High Speed Internet Connections makes browsing a funny business for everyone : Earlier internet connections were too slow, that it was not possible to browse page graphics and multimedia. Only pages that were convenient to browse were plain text pages. Nobody wanted to do interesting things online because it was boring with a 'wait and watch' speed. This kept most potential buyers and other participants out of internet market. Speed was also a bottleneck for people who wished to work online and make some legitimate money from internet. Now with high speed internet and broadband speed is no more a binding force and internet can now be used for buying, selling and earning legitimate money with productive online activities.
4. Increasing Confidence in Legitimacy of Online Transactions : Some time back nobody liked to pay online, because fraud were frequent and online payment processing and financial transactions were not so common. Those who did any online transactions used to do it with caution. Now with better encryption technology and fraud prevention techniques this doubt has been cleared. Today online financial transactions are common and is a normal online activity. This has created an online opportunity for the common man, now he can too participate in online financial activities. This has created a huge demand for home based businesses and today awareness legitimate money online from home is no more a hype. There are options to earn money based on your online activity, tasks based on money, earnings from all these activities is legitimate.
5. Online Universe of Societies and Communities : Today internet is filled with social networking sites where people help each other. Members even help each other in making money online, as they share common interests and problems. A good product or service is automatically spread like a wild fire making working at home on internet a legitimate and good learning job.
6. Wide Scope of Online Jobs and Business Opportunities : Today internet is an integral part of life for most people. People spend a lot of time online to read emails, listen to music, play games, watch videos, discuss problems, search for information, online shopping, plan journey, meet friends and relatives. This means internet is a world with the world and full of promises. Now virtually every aspect of life exists on internet, which means a whole new range of legitimate opportunity opportunities and options are available at the comfort of your home.
These are few points which unforgettable the hidden potential of internet and distinguish why earning legal money online at home is possible today . There are several options and opportunities for legitimate online business from home but unfortunately work at home online scams have also mushroomed. In order to earn legitimate money one has to find a legitimate opportunity opportunity without colliding with a online scam site or program. Earn from Net provides some guidance and resources to help people in earning legitimate money online at home and starting a legitimate online business . | <urn:uuid:157460e6-1001-4a76-859e-b7b5446a53ca> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://wpauto3.xyz.ms/archives/1522 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00674.warc.gz | en | 0.961188 | 802 | 2.21875 | 2 |
Laser treatment for skin tumours28th November 2006
A newly developed treatment for skin cancer is providing new hope to sufferers.
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), removes skin tumours without the need for an anaesthetic or even a hospital stay.
The treatment has recently been approved by NICE in the treatment of non-melanoma skin tumours, although experts say it is still very early days in terms of ongoing research.
The therapy uses a drug, in a cream form, which is only activated by a laser to produce a form of oxygen that destroys the cancerous tissue.
A narrow beam of light is shone onto the tumour, activating the drug and killing the malignant cells. Treatment takes only a few minutes and the patient should feel nothing more than a tingle and be able to go home immediately after treatment.
The PDT research centre at the National Medical Laser Centre in University College Hospital, London (UCH), is looking at other ways the therapy could be used, which has included people with mouth and neck cancers, as well as researching its effectiveness against prostate cancer.
The light-activated drug can be injected into the body several days before treatment but patients must avoid bright light to avoid the drug becoming accidentally activated.
Unlike chemotherapy, PDT appears to have few side effects, and any surrounding healthy tissue is unaffected.
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Title: Laser treatment for skin tumours
Author: Martine Hamilton
Article Id: 1329
Date Added: 28th Nov 2006 | <urn:uuid:b36e3d89-6abf-4aed-b9fc-048d1925294a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.healthcare-today.co.uk/news/laser-treatment-for-skin-tumours/1329/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00181-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950305 | 344 | 1.960938 | 2 |
Appearance colorless solid
|Molar mass 544.59 g/mol|
10-Deacetylbaccatins are a series of closely related natural organic compounds isolated from the Pacific yew tree (Taxus brevifolia) and related species. 10-Deacetylbaccatin III is a precursor to the anti-cancer drug docetaxel (Taxotere).
10-deacetylbaccatin III 10-O-acetyltransferase converts 10-deacetylbaccatin to baccatin III:acetyl-CoA + 10-deacetylbaccatin III ⇌ CoA + baccatin III | <urn:uuid:15550847-6e13-4f90-9e92-572d71a882cc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://alchetron.com/10-Deacetylbaccatin | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570921.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809094531-20220809124531-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.738613 | 150 | 1.804688 | 2 |
Yes, Flagyl is often prescribed to treat an UTI. However, you have to make sure that is what is causing the problem. It will not treat chronic cystitis or infections from organisms other than bacteria. Before treating yourself, you should probably be seen by someone who can make sure that you do indeed have a bacterial UTI. The use of antibiotics inappropriately can lead to serious problems, such as reactions to the medicine and the develop of resistant bacteria.
Actually, you are right and wrong. Flagyl is used to treat UTI's as well as amaebic infections such as Giardia. Maybe you should do your research before you start to tell people what something is before you really hurt that person. They could have a congenital issue and taking this medication could kill them as well.
Actually, Flagyl is not the preferred antibiotic to treat a UTI. Usually Trimox or Amoxycillin is prescribed. Flagyl is a very potent antibiotic and should only be prescribed in cases of advanced bacterial infections or in cases where the infection is not responding to lower dose antibiotics. I have 13 years of experience working in a GYN office.
I would like to clarify that my statement should have read "Usually Trimox (or more commonly called Amoxycillin) is prescribed". After re-reading that I realized that my wording might cause some confusion. If you are looking for other medications Bactrim is also very effective.
I was diagnosed with Bacterial Vaginosis and a UTI...was prescribed Flagyl AND Bactrim....will one treat both issues....or should I take them both? I don't want to take them both together if ONE can treat both issues. Confused! | <urn:uuid:d9038346-f24a-4505-9c6b-f1c874f2b855> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://ehealthforum.com/health/will-flagyl-treat-a-uti-t276505.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00551-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.974426 | 353 | 1.84375 | 2 |
This is the English version of a German press release on ak-zensur.de
28 May, 2009
Within 12 hours, 60 child pornography sites were removed from the internet
In the ongoing German dispute over the appropriate action against documented child abuse on the Internet(child pornography), the supporters of a mere blocking solution argued that it is often not or only with considerable effort possible to remove the illegsl content or to get hold of it’s originator.
Alvar Freude of the Working Group against Internet blocking and censorship (AK Zensur) put this argument to the test. He analyzed the various European blocking lists via automatic procedures and wrote to each provider on whose servers child pornography was located according to lists. He received an impressive response: Within 12 hours after sending the first e-mail 60 websites were already deleted.
Further results and insights:
* The first reactions respectively deletions followed after a few minutes and came among others from the USA, Holland, Denmark, Russia and Germany.
* Three of the the deleted websites were located on servers in Germany.
* A total of 348 providers in 46 different countries were contacted automatically and informed of 1943 allegedly illegal websites. A previous individual analysis of the web sites content has not been made. (It is completely illegal in Germany to look at child pornographic content.)
* 250 providers have responded to the request, but they mostly found legal content. Samples that were taken afterwards confirmed the legal content.
* Ten providers indicated that a total of 61 cases of illegal content had been removed. With a simple e-mail you can achieve a lot.
* The examination through the providers showed that the vast majority of websites, including some from Germany, appeared to have no child pornographic content, some do not contain any objectionable material at all – therefore the websites were blocked in error. In Finland several domestic websites were blocked, that contain a critical examination of the blocking issue.
* The providers have not been informed that some of their hosted websites were put on the blocking lists.
* When made aware of this fact, the providers are more than willing to cooperate and remove illegal content as soon as possible.
* A certain part of the illegal material was located on ‘hacked’ websites, ie sites that were exploited through security holes to spread external material. Here too the providers were very grateful for the supplied information.
The process to shut down websites with child pornographic content does not take longer than the transmission of a blocking list. This shows the absurdity of the reasoning behind simple blocking – there is no rational reason to just block criminal content and leave it on the Internet, still accessible for everyone who uses minimal effort to circumvent the block.
What was possible for a citizens’ initiative, such as the Working Group on Internet blocking and censorship, should be even easier for the German government and law enforcement agencies and their results should by far exceed the results of AK Zensur.
Delete, don’t block – the motto of AK Zensur – is possible!
Released by: Working Group against Internet blocking and censorship (AK Zensur)
Web: http://ak-zensur.de/ (in German)
+49 179 13 46 47 1
About the Working Group against Internet blocking and censorship (AK Zensur):
The Working Group on Internet blocking and censorship (AK Zensur) speaks out against the Federal Government’s planned Internet blocking and promotes an effective fight against child abuse instead of ineffective symbolic politics that only promotes ‘looking the other way’, does not help the victims and establishes an infrastructure that restricts basic public rights. AK Zensur coordinates the work of Internet blocking opponents, but is also appreciates the many activities that are happening decentralized in the on- and offline world.
The members of AK Zensur are amongst others: Chaos Computer Club (CCC), FoeBuD Association, Association of Information Technology and Society (FITUG), Forum of Computer Scientists for Peace and Social Responsibility Association (FIfF), Victims Of Abuse Against Internet Blocks (MOGIS), netzpolitik.org, the online platform ODEM.org, Trotz Allem e.V. and numerous individuals. | <urn:uuid:7d1c73f8-df3e-4e94-bcda-4e77cf9fedce> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://cyberlaw.org.uk/2009/05/29/germany-delete-don%E2%80%99t-block-it-works-unpolitikde/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719041.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00167-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947508 | 860 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Buchnummer des Verkäufers
Inhaltsangabe: There is no poetry without memory. Recovery and Transgression: Memory in American Poetry is devoted to the ways in which poetic texts shape, and are shaped by, personal, collective, and cultural memory. It looks at the manifold and often transgressive techniques through which the past is recovered and repurposed in poetry. T.S. Eliot s 'The Waste Land,' Susan Howe s THIS THAT, Lyn Hejinian s Writing Is an Aid to Memory, John Tranter s 'The Anaglyph,' Amiri Baraka s 'Somebody Blew Up America,' and Amy Clampitt s 'Nothing Stays Put' are only some of the texts discussed in this volume by a group of international poetry experts. They specifically focus on the effects of the cultural interaction, mixture, translation, and hybridization of memory of, in, and mediated by poetry. Poetic memory, as becomes strikingly clear, may be founded on the past, but has everything to do with the cultural present of poets and readers, and with their hopes and fears for the future.
Über den Autor: Kornelia Freitag is the Chair of American Studies at Ruhr-University Bochum. She is the author of Cultural Criticism in Women s Experimental Writing: The Poetry of Rosmarie Waldrop, Lyn Hejinian and Susan Howe (2006), and coedited Another Language: Poetic Experiments in Britain and North America (2008) and Modern American Poetry: Points of Access (2013). Her major areas of research are American poetry and cultural and literary theory. | <urn:uuid:880624b1-da70-46df-ad07-a1087f7bd880> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.zvab.com/Recovery-Transgression-Memory-American-Poetry-Kornelia/18235873692/bd | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282140.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00133-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917752 | 342 | 2.25 | 2 |
Victoria’s 79 councils rely heavily on the
revenue generated by property-based rates and charges to provide
services to local communities. In 2011–12, Victorian councils
generated operating revenue of $8.18 billion, with rates and
charges accounting for $4.09 billion, or 49 per cent, of the
While councils work within a common rating
framework comprising the Local Government Act 1989 (the
Act) and sector guidance documents when determining their rates,
these lack clarity and detail. This has contributed to
inconsistencies in the rating practices of the councils audited,
and the quality and soundness of council rating decisions.
The audit found there is limited assurance
that all councils systematically and rigorously consider the
information and evidence needed to adequately understand the impact
of their rating proposals on their communities. This includes
proper consideration of the principles of stability, equity,
efficiency and transparency in their rating decisions. Councils do
not consistently calculate, and transparently report, key rates and
charges data in a way that promotes scrutiny of decisions and
comparability between councils.
At the state government level the Department
of Planning and Community Development, through Local Government
Victoria, does not provide proactive support to councils on their
rating practices, or monitor and report on their performance in
this area, including their compliance with the Act.
Council reporting of rates and charges data needs to be improved
so that ratepayers and the general community can easily understand
and compare the information within their own and other
municipalities. It is also timely to review the Local Government
Cost Index to ensure there is a valid and accepted sector benchmark
for rates and charges. | <urn:uuid:67fce97a-a0e1-47f7-8691-99d1535c34b6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.audit.vic.gov.au/reports_and_publications/latest_reports/2012-13/20130220-lg-rating-practices.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00542-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945993 | 350 | 2.21875 | 2 |
VOERE has the most up-to-date engineering facility you
could wish for, right under the famous fortress at Kufstein, Austria, steeped in tradition, and their products reflect
this pedigree. VOERE was always one of the most innovative and modern companies in the world, in the field
of precision technology, and has remained so for over 60 years. The hunting and sports weapons developed and manufactured by VOERE enjoy international acclaim and a high reputation.
Many weapons are purchased because of personal recommendation or valuable insider information.This family-run medium sized company -now run by the 3rd generation - achieves its cutting edge potential
by using a combination of tradition and innovation. The three supporting pillars are:-
Product Innovation – be it the fastest shooting anti-terrorist weapon
(the AM180), available so far, the development of the first weapon with a laser guidance system (way back in 1972), the development
and manufacture of the first rifle with a case-less (combustible) cartridge, or the first take-down system, where the barrel
can be detached, using a quick change lock, VOERE has always been in the forefront of weapons technology.
Production techniques – the VOERE factory is equipped with state-of-the-art
machinery, capable of high-speed machining in up to 10 axes.
resources – 90% of VOERE staff are qualified specialists in their field and many at management level have remained
in the company since they were apprenticed as fitters, toolmakers, machinists and gunsmiths.VOERE not only excels in the field of gun making, it comes as no surprise that VOERE is also a leading manufacturer
in a second industrial area, the design and production of precision components used in high-tech electrical systems and in
engineering machine construction.
Global Rifle is exclusive UK importer for VOERE
further information see Voere's comprehensive website
TO HELP YOU CHOOSE YOUR VOERE .........
a range of rifles for hunters, target shooters and military. The 2155 and 2165 are
based on Mauser K98 actions. These are not just poor copies made out of cheap materials, as some of the
competitors use:- they are genuine Mauser K98 actions, totally re-furbished and fitted with new barrels and a choice of 6
different triggers. The stocks come in either good quality walnut, or synthetic, which is nylon, over-moulded
with rubber. Barrels can be standard, varmint weight or carbon-wrapped stainless. A wide range of calibres
is available.Their flagship model is the latest sniper rifle, the LBW-M,
the Military version of the modular LBW, and it is available with calibre interchanges from .223 to.300
Win Mag, all retaining the same optic. A dedicated .338 version is also available.. The 6.5x47 has proved
particularly popular with the UK market. The LBW-M has a fully folding stock that is ergonomically adjustable
every which way. It has a comfortable trigger grip and many features such as a Picatinny rail. The barrel
is very heavy fluted stainless with a trilateral muzzle break.Voere also make a beautiful hunting
version, the 20-03LBW, which has the same stock and barrel options
as the 2155 and 2165, modular, again, with the added benefit of using the same scope, whatever calibre you change to.
Calibres range from .222 to .375 H&H. Voere also make a specially featured version of the LBW, called the Luxus,
and will make other rifles with engraving and special quality wood and extra features to order. One of the available extras
you can choose is a de-cocking safety on the end of the bolt. This enables the user to cock and de-cock
with their thumb. Global Rifle has found that this useful feature can also be fitted to a Remington bolt.
Global Rifle hold a handy stock of .22 magazines for those who
are lucky enough to own one of the original Voeres in .22. Most are still going strong 20 years on….a
fitting tribute to the longevity of a Voere rifle. | <urn:uuid:3a4814ce-e542-4ef2-ad24-46e5ef09a708> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.snipersystems.co.uk/id38.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988717954.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183837-00508-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926878 | 888 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Former Vice President Al Gore gave a strong endorsement on Thursday for deciding presidential elections according to the national popular vote.
In a discussion during Current TV's coverage of the Republican National Convention, Gore and his co-panelists argued that the current Electoral College system had a corrosive effect on the power of votes and presidential leadership. For voters, casting ballots in a state that is predictably red or blue feels pointless in determining presidential elections. For leaders, visiting a state that is already in the bag for Republicans or Democrats seems unnecessary.
"I really do now think that it's time to change that," Gore said. "It's always tough to amend the Constitution and risky to do so, but there is a very interesting movement under way that takes it state by state, that may really have a chance of succeeding. I hope it does."
Gore and former New York Gov. Eliot Spitzer (D) proceeded to bring up a proposal, already passed in a number of state legislatures and under consideration in others, that would award the Electoral College votes of enacting states to the winner of the national popular vote. The plan, aptly called the National Popular Vote, leaves the Electoral College in tact and would only be put in place if states accounting for at least 270 Electoral College votes were to pass such legislation. Eight states and the District of Columbia have already approved the proposal, making up 132 electoral votes.
Before anyone writes off Gore's proposal as a case of sour grapes, however, the former vice president did say that he continued to support the Electoral College, even after it cost him the presidency in 2000, when he won the popular vote but lost the election after a highly contentious vote count gave Florida to former President George W. Bush.
"The logic is it knits the country together, prevents regional conflicts, and it goes back through our history to some legitimate concerns," Gore said. "But since, I've given a lot of thought to it and I've seen how these states are just written off and ignored. And people are effectively disenfranchised in the presidential race."
Correction: An earlier version of this story stated that Gore was supporting a system that would abandon the Electoral College and instead tie electoral college votes to congressional districts. In fact, he was endorsing the endorsing the National Popular Vote, explained above.
Also on HuffPost:
More:Al Gore Electoral College Gore Electoral College Al Gore Popular Vote Electoral System Electoral College
How will Donald Trump’s first 100 days impact YOU? Subscribe, choose the community that you most identify with or want to learn more about and we’ll send you the news that matters most once a week throughout Trump’s first 100 days in office. Learn more | <urn:uuid:74773a8b-d5f9-4818-b2d7-4036401ad545> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/31/al-gore-electoral-college_n_1846521.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00027-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971126 | 548 | 2.0625 | 2 |
A Thorough Guide for writing a Cause and Effect Essay
Transforming into a top-score essay writer is the dream of numerous students. For this purpose, they attempt truly and try their level best very far with the writing tips. They fight like there's no tomorrow in writing top-level essays. Sometimes they demand that an essay writing service write my essay to make the substance of the essay commendable. In contrast, a couple of students ceaselessly consider essay writing a dry subject.
It is fundamental to mention here that academic writing is the last lodging for them. It is a mandatory subject in all degree programs. In like way, all students require to get writing aptitudes. They in like way need to see the predefined rules to write an essay cautiously. There is no best in class science pulled in with picking those standards. Transforming into a top-echelon writer is authentically not an overnight work. Students need to show consistency and motivation concerning expanding the writing needs.
What is the Cause and Effect essay?
Students are continually drawn nearer to write different sorts of essays. Cause and effect essay is one of such academic writing. It has remarkable extraordinary significance in each and every academic establishment. Notwithstanding, some students, paying little warning to having tremendous information about such an essay writing, fight to score passing etchings. One of the fundamental purposes behind the occasion of this condition is that students don't put the ideal piece of information at the ideal spot. They need writing limits because they don't see college essay examples.
Before we research the methodology of writing a cause and effect essay, we should see its definition. It is a class of essay that demands an essay writer to address the causes just, or the effects just or both the causes and effects of a particular subject. It is besides proposed as reasons and results in an essay. Additionally, there is a horrendous condition for a writer's sentiments and feelings in this essay. Considering, it wires barbarous numbers as they say. On the off chance that these means don't help your essay, by then select an essay writer from a college essay writing service and make your essay awesome.
Notwithstanding the way that understanding the opportunity of this class of paper writing is as fundamental as ABC, yet some students fight to score top-grades. To cover this impediment, students need to present the substance alluringly and awesomely. The introduction segment is the foremost bit of writing a cause and effect essay. In this segment, an essay writer needs to put down an unbelievably confounding truth or number concerning the subject. This first sentence is known as the fundamental statement.
The mentioned guaranteed factors must falter and stand-out for a reader. This statement is usually called genuine catch statement. Next, portraying the topic unnecessarily is fundamental. Therefore, writing a pleasing and memorable at any rate short thesis statement is fundamental. It must be extreme enough to bring a brand name up in the reader's cerebrum with the objective that it looks flabbergasting to him.
It is outstanding here that a writer needs to tell the reader that whether he will write about causes, effects, or both related to the conveyed subject.
In this segment, a writer needs to write a few paragraphs. He needs to address a cause, its effect, present a particular model, and produce legitimate demand to show his point of view. Each cause should be mentioned in a substitute paragraph. There must be a smooth transition between different paragraphs. Making the paragraphs understandable is the most extreme commitment of a student.
A scribbler can mention the causes basically close to the effects legitimately associated with a particular cause. In contrast, he can other than write down all the causes immediately and then domain the effects as requirements be. The two methodologies can adopt.
In this segment, a writer needs to sum up the whole discussion that happened in the above zones. He should not present any new cause or effect in this bit of the essay. Obviously a student should not recommend or propose any idea. It is up to the reader what he takes after forward to a specific issue or subject. In the event that students are beginning not far in the past perplexed, they can get college essay writing services from professional experts for tremendous outcomes.
Students learning at more tremendous levels, especially in optional school and college are obviously going to write research papers. Such documents are ordinarily required and demanded by their instructors and teachers in various courses and activities. Each person who will interface with themselves in writing an effective research paper will follow a favorable position and fitting format by audit the expository college essay examples.
AVOID MISTAKES WHILE WRITING CAUSE AND EFFECT ESSAY
Write a convincing opening statement in essay writing | A Unique Guide
Descriptive essay writing | Unique Tips To write | <urn:uuid:3f07fca7-2dad-4d71-9eb9-726e3100f827> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://community.napfa.org/network/members/profile?UserKey=0445f615-d549-4863-9d4b-49f9698e4d24 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.947245 | 981 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Standing over six feet tall in his socks, Sardar Tarlochan Singh is a genial, witty, and spontaneous communicator endowed richly with the large-hearted Punjabi Sikh hospitality. These combined with his ready-for-any-situation attitude, and an open mind helped him win many battles – in the arena of making and breaking perceptions.
In his over six decades of association with the government, sports bodies, minority affairs, corporations, event and media management for VIPs, governments and international sporting events, Sardar Tarlochan Singh managed to build a positive public perception – his strategy was as simple as it is effective.
A lot can be achieved by a simple smile and a friendly attitude, said Sardar Tarlochan Singh, adding “I owe my entire success in life, entirely to my public relations instincts.” This one line just about sums up the secret of his success in over six decades of work – as a government employee (in public relations), heading tourism development corporation, minorities commission, and Member Rajya Sabha.
Delving into the past, 87-year-old Sardar Tarlochan Singh said if a helpful media played a big role in the success of the Delhi Asian games of 1982, it was the hostility of the media that damaged the Commonwealth Games of 2010. Its image was in tatters in India and abroad, proving that absence of an effective media strategy would be costly.
Performance-wise India won 100 medals in the Commonwealth, very creditable. “But mishandling of the media was its undoing and it suffered a major image problem,” he said.
This is so much true, and perhaps more so, in the political pitch, as Sardar Tarlochan Singh as a media strategist for President Zail Singh during his big fight with Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi proved. During the battle between the two VVIPs, the President never got bad press and he came across as the taller leader. President Zail Singh had differences with Mrs Indira Gandhi on Operation Blue Star, and with Rajiv Gandhi over the Postal Surveillance Bill, but never got a bad press.
“Even President Zail Singh himself had basic PR instincts,” Sardar Tarlochan Singh said and added that his boss would himself sweet talk editors, reporters and a cross-section of the people.
Sardar Tarlochan Singh was surprised when his name was among the Padma list, for his contribution to public affairs. “I absolutely had no idea, perhaps many people had recommended my name. I am thankful for the love and affection of countless people I encountered along in my life,” he said.
It sure is a heady feeling for Sardar Tarlochan Singh to walk into the same building as the Press Secretary to President Zail Singh and participate in the conduct of civil investiture ceremonies. Now to attend the same function to be awarded the honour by President Ramnath Kovind is really great. “I never had in my wildest dreams expected something like this, but sure am happy that my services have been recognised,” he told Tricityscoop in an exclusive chat.
Starting his career as a DPRO in Ferozepur, Chief PRO for Bhakra Nangal Dam, Punjab government, PRO for Zail Singh as Punjab Chief Minister, PRO for Delhi Asian Games, and later served as Press Secretary to President Zail Singh, headed Delhi Tourism Development Corporation and represented Haryana in the Rajya Sabha.
Sardar Tarlochan Singh is the man responsible for setting up the Delhi Haat, a happening place in South Delhi and developing Hauz Khas as a tourist centre.
He counts his dogged pursuit of Sajjan Singh that led to his eventual conviction for his role in Anti-Sikh riots of 1984 his biggest achievement in the Rajya Sabha. “It was my persistent efforts that we managed to force the government to act, and eventually he was convicted,” he said. “I am happy I was able to take up the case of Sikhs from Afghanistan,” he said.
Never a dull day, not a day to rest, all through his working days.
Now how does the 87-year-young Sardar Tarlochan Singh spend his time?
A devout Sikh, Sardar Tarlochan Singh is a sought-after speaker at Sikh congregations across the world. “There is no country left anywhere, where we do not have Gurudwaras, and I am frequently invited to address gatherings. I have gone on several lecture tours, till COVID-19 outbreak suspended these events,” he said.
He is also the Chairman of the Board of Governors of the prestigious Khalsa College affiliated to the Delhi University. He has written five books in Punjabi and is under pressure from his friends and well-wishers for an autobiographical take on Public Relations and Communications. | <urn:uuid:1bf398b8-32f7-4f80-84ff-4aedc6087ec8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tricityscoop.com/do-it-with-a-smile-for-all-round-success/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.981397 | 1,018 | 1.523438 | 2 |
This video will show you how to make a good walking stick. Having a 'third leg' can sometimes mean the difference between disaster and safety. To make the perfect walking stick, do the following: Find a nice straight stick, strong enough to support your weight. Cut it at a length you will be comfortable with. Consider wrapping a piece of leather around the top part, where you grab onto the stick. This creates a comfortable handle. Be creative with your stick by decorating it or writing your n...
A tutorial on character animation in Flash that teaches you how to create a walking stickman or stick figure. You'll also learn how to mulilate him and create blood effects.
In this tutorial, we learn how to choose and use a walking stick. Find a large and firm stick that you find, then make sure it's dried out. Next, you will shave down the wood so that it doesn't give you blisters on the inside of your hand. After this, you will use hot air to bend the stick so that it is straight instead of crooked. Cut the stick to the size you need depending on how tall you are. The top of the stick will be jointed and have a cover over it so it's comfortable to grab. You ca...
Stick Figures, a Jerk dance crew, show JusJerk their famous variation of the Stick Walk by mixing an older move known as the "Clown Walk" with "the Reject". Quickly going through a step by step instructional, study fast to steal the Stick Figures' unique family recipe.
This video shows you how to correctly animate a walking stick figure in Pivot. It covers principles of animation and tips more than specifics of the software.
A daily, brisk 30-minute walk boosts brain power, helps control weight, and improves your overall health. And if you commit to doing it with friends, you're more likely to stick with it.
In this tutorial, we learn how to turn men on with your walk. When you are walking, you need to walk with confidence, not like you have a stick up your butt. Guys want to see a girl walk past you and keep watching them even after they have passed. As you walk, think about how good you look and enjoy passing a guy that will think you look amazing! Walk slowly and make sure you put a little bit of bounce in your step. Don't worry about people watching you walking, then you will let go of your e...
Learn the shuffle stomp or shuffle stick, an advanced step used in the C-Walk style of Hip-Hop and urban dance.
Here is a basic technique in pool cue stick grip, stance and stroke. Reinforceable basics for beginners and advanced players. These are great tips to use before you walk into the billiard room. So, watch this video tutorial to see how to use proper pool cue stick grip, stance and stroke to get the shots in like they are supposed to be.
Making the magic memory stick is one of the vital first steps involved in hacking a PSP. This video will walk you through the on-computer part of the process, creating the magic memory stick itself. The steps are very easy to follow, and should have you playing all of the homebrew PSP game you can imagine lickity split! All you need are these files.
There are many different acting classes available in Los Angeles, so how do you know if you are taking the right type? Don't get stuck with a bad teacher, or learning the wrong method for your chosen field. This tutorial, hosted by actor Shaun Pilkington, will walk you through a few insider tips for choosing the right mentors. Follow along, practice your skill and make your Hollywood dreams come true.
In this tutorial, we learn how to set a spring loaded snare trap. First, find a sapling with a larger tree next to it, then bend the sapling down and wire on a stick to this. This stick will have a small nub on it that will hook onto a stick that you will prop up on the back of the tree. When the rabbit comes along, it will follow the trail and walk through the wire. The feet will go into the wire and it will tighten up, releasing the spring to ensure the rabbit stays trapped. This is a simpl...
Getting stuck at some places in the Medal of Honor mission, Friends From Afar? This tutorial walks you through the whole map and shows you what to avoid and strategies to use in order to beat the entire mission on Hard Difficulty.
Doodles are fun, but turn them into a flipbook and they spring to life on the page—your flower blooms, your rocketship blasts off, or, if your doodles are a little on the primitive side, sure: your stick figure walks.
Cardcrazy09 teaches you how to make a thank you card using Cricut. You will need the Walk in my garden cartridge for this. The card itself is a Martha Stewart piece of double sided cardboard. You will need different types of punches to create the white decorative part and the text card. That will be printed with black text. The flowers and the pot are created using Cricut. The pot is placed on top of the flowers and each of them are individually stuck onto the card. Also make sure to add a so...
If you can walk, then you can do this exercise. Many exercise moves force you to contort your body like a German pretzel, often resulting in tilting over in a ball of confusion before the lifting or the squating even begin.
In this how-to video, you will learn the basics of walking in crampons in the North Cascades. Put on your crampons if you expect ice. If the snow is soft, you can kick-step in. Make sure you have two points of contact. Use your ice axe in the snow and then step and kick. Lift and place the ice axe in front of you and step and kick in. Keep on doing this. Another technique you can do is step side ways along with the axe. It is the same process except stepping sideways instead. Make sure all th...
This is a Wiggle Walk C-walk dance tutorial. Be sure to click on Chapter 2 and Chapter 3 fo the entire tutorial. Follow along with this demonstration to learn the wiggle walk C-walk moves. This is advanced, not for beginners.
In this two part video Tab and his German Shepherd "Solea", show exactly what you need to do to stop your dog from pulling on his lead. Eventually, your dog will be walking on a loose leash where they'll feel safe, satisfied, and help keep your dog healthy. While there are many dogs that pull on walks, any dog can learn to walk calmly on a loose leash if we create a positive learning environment and teach them in the way that their minds understand. Find out how using positive reinforcement y...
Watch this how to video to learn Nordic pole walking in 6 easy steps. Learn the basic of adjusting your poles to proper walking techniques. Its a great low impact outdoor exercise.
As a doctor, sometimes it will be necessary to perform a neurological examination of your patient to rule out any neurological disorders. Your objective is to identify abnormalities in the nervous system, to differentiate peripheral from central nervous system lesions, and to establish internal consistency. This is a great video less that outlines the complete neurological exam procedure. It's great for medical students or doctors, and even nursing students can learn a thing or two.
Make a cane from a tree! Learn how to create a walking cane from a tree in this free woodworking video from a wood crafts expert.
Jazz walks are basically regular walking combined with a tiptoeing motion that makes the walk like a cat strut. Jazz walks are beautiful and sexy ways to transition from one part of your routine to another, and they're also great as coreography of their own.
We can't seem to divulge ourselves from our stick figures, which we perfected to an art in second grade. But if you're a true artist who's looking to become better at realistically rendering a human body, then you've come to the right place.
Have you ever secretly pined away for a career in interior design, even though you're currently stuck in law school because, well, your parents forced you and gave you no other option? Because law school can be a bit rigid in terms of what you learn (pretty much it's just facts and figures and learning sound logic), it's important to indulge your creative side ever once in a while.
Making a Flash animation character walk one step is pretty easy. Making them walk the same way over and over using a walk cycle is more challenging. This video will teach you how to animate a walk cycle in Flash CS4 or CS5, making use of the Bone Tool that was a big new addition to Flash CS4. The end result looks really good, and yours will too if you follow these instructions.
If you are in the wild and have nothing to do, just to play around with your knife , then you should surely watch this video. First, you have to find a knife. After that you must find a good branch or piece of wood that's the same size as a spear. After that you must take the branch or piece of wood and sharpen one of the ends. Then , you must put the sharpened end in the fire so it begins to turn black. After that cut it again and this time cut it so it will be sharp enough to cut. It can se...
This tutorial will teach you a basic move of the c walk: the shuffle and shuffle moves. The moves are: shuffle, shuffle kick, shuffle step, shuffle stomp, and the shuffle spin. C Walking or Crip walking / Clow walking is the smooth movement of one's feet to hip hop or rap. This is done to Biggie.
The top-down twin-stick shooter has become a fixture of low-budget gaming since Geometry Wars showed the world what the genre could be. LittleBigPlanet 2 contains all the tools to make one, as it does with most types of games, and this three-part video series will take you step-by-step through the creation process for an awesome zombie TDTSS (top-down twin-stick shooter).
This video will teach you how to C Walk. It covers basic and advanced C Walk dance moves including: The V V Step Back V Variation
Learn the wiggle walk, an advanced step used in the C-Walk style of Hip-Hop and urban dance.
Don't want to throw away that raggedy pair of old Levi's with small paint stains and random tears all over because it's stuck with you longer than your trusty 12-year-old jack russell terrier? We totally understand. Continue to use your favorite pair of blue jeans by watching this video.
Ever been stuck on the side of the road with no clue how to use those jumper cables in your trunk? Chris on WatchMojo will show you how to diagnose the problem, and the safe way to hook up those jumper cables, get the battery working again, and get you on your way. This step by step instructional video will walk you through each step on jumping your car. You will need a set of jumper cables and another working car to complete the jump.
Preparing for a hike is easy with these tips. Get advice on backpacking, hiking, and the great outdoors in this video tutorial. Take action: use appropriate footwear, bring a first-aid kit, water, and food, and use walking sticks in uneven terrain. John Flaherty, the instructor in this how-to video from Live Strong, has a great love for the outdoors. In 2003, John and his wife started Central Coast Outdoors in northern California. His company provides hiking, kayaking, and biking services for...
Learn how to make characters walk and move using the computer program Poser with expert 3D animation and rendering tips in this free software tutorial video series.
Become a runway model with tips on walking and turning on the catwalk; learn to walk the runway like a pro fashion model in this free video series with a professional model and modeling coach.
Animating character walk cycles is easy! This free online video lesson about animation will teach you everything you need to know, from work areas to keyframes and more and is taught by animation expert Cable Hardin.
This video will teach you the basic move of the C walk: the V. It will also teach you lots of cool variations and how to put them together. This is a step by step on how to move your feet properly to keep flow and look fresh dancing to hip hop and rap. This is a great street dance sometimes called Clown Walk or Crip Walking.
It's not as easy to walk in high heels as you think, girls! Shoetube.tv host Stephanie Simons shows you how to own the cat walk and turn heads. Learn how to walk in high heels like a supermodel by watching this video tutorial. | <urn:uuid:3b54c8e8-e9f7-4c16-b993-98a9c8777164> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wonderhowto.com/search/walking%20sticks/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00270.warc.gz | en | 0.941764 | 2,694 | 1.84375 | 2 |
This in-stream project restored coastal estuarine wetlands that support culturally and economically significant species including salmon and shellfish, and ESA-listed Hood Canal summer chum, Puget Sound steelhead, cutthroat and Puget Sound Chinook salmon. It involved the restoration of the floodplain and wetland connectivity, further improvement of sediment processes and spawning and rearing habitat within the lower five miles of Lower Big Beef Creek.
During late summer 2017 installation of 8 engineered log jams (ELJ’s) occurred in the stream channel in key locations between river mile 1 and 5 continuing the addition of large wood from prior years to further increase stream complexity. Since 2016 HCSEG has installed 38 ELJ’s to improve habitat in Big Beef Creek and its estuary.
Additionally, a variety of monitoring data, including insect surveys and bird observations, were collected during summer 2017 as part of the Intensively Monitored Watershed (IMW) program to study the effects of our restoration treatments. IMW monitoring will continue over the next several years to ascertain if improved habitat conditions lead to increased survival and abundance of salmonid species in this stream. | <urn:uuid:2ed4a466-a1c8-4eb7-8256-8f68cef25a21> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://regionalfisheriescoalition.org/?exhibition=lower-big-beef-creek-restoration-phase-3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.944693 | 234 | 2.4375 | 2 |
The First Battle Of Marne
( Originally Published 1918 )
FRANCE and civilization were saved by Joffre and Foch at the first battle of the Marne in August, 1914.
Autocracy was destroyed by Foch at the second battle of the Marne, 1918.
This in a nutshell embraces the dramatic opening and closing episodes of the World War on the soil of France. Bracketed between these two glorious victories were the agonies of martyred France, the deaths and life-long cripplings of millions of men, the up-rooting of arrogant militarism, the liberation of captive nations.
The first battle of the Marne was wholly a French operation. The British were close at hand, but had no share in the victory. Generals Gallieni and Manoury, acting under instructions from Marshal Joffre, were driven by automobile to the headquarters of the British commander, Sir John French, in the village of Melun. They explained in detail General Joffre's plan of attack upon the advancing German army. An urgent request was made that the British army halt its retreat, face about, and attack the two corps of von Kluck's army then confronting the British. Simultaneously with this attack General Manoury's forces were to fall upon the flank and the rear guard of von Kluck along the River Ourcq. This operation was planned for the next day, September 5th. Sir John French replied that he could not get his tired army in readiness for battle within forty-eight hours. This would delay the British attack in all probability until September 7th.
Joffre's plan of battle, however, would admit of no delay. The case was urgent; there was grave danger of a union between the great forces headed by the Crown Prince and those under von Kluck. He resolved to go ahead without the British, and ordered Manoury to strike as had been planned.
He fixed as an extreme limit for the movement of retreat,' which was still going on, the line of Bray-sur-Seine, Nogent-sur-Seine, Arcis-sur-Aube, Vitry-le-François, and the region to the north of Bar-le-Duc. This line might be reached if the troops were compelled to go back so far. They would attack before reaching it, as soon as there was a possibility of bringing about an offensive disposition, permitting the co-operation of the whole of the French forces.
On September 5 it appeared that this de-sired situation existed.
The First German army, carrying audacity to temerity, had continued its endeavor to envelop the French left, had crossed the Grand Morin, and reached the region of Chauffry, to the south of Rebais and of Esternay. It aimed then at cutting Joffre off from Paris, in order to begin the investment of the capital.
The Second army had its head on the line Champaubert, Etoges, Bergères, and Vertus.
The Third and Fourth armies reached to Châlons-sur-Marne and Bussy-le-Répos. The Fifth army was advancing on one side and the other from the Argonne as far as Triacourtles-Islettes and Tuivecourt. The Sixth and Seventh armies were attacking more to the east.
The French left army had been able to occupy the line Sezanne, Villers-St. Georges and Courehamps. This was precisely the disposition which the General-in-Chief had wished to see achieved. On the 4th he decided to take advantage of it, and ordered all the armies to hold themselves ready. He had taken from his right two new army corps, two divisions of infantry, and two divisions of cavalry, which were distributed between his left and his center.
On the evening of the 5th he addressed to all the commanders of armies a message ordering them to attack.
"The hour has come," he wrote, "to advance at all costs, and to die where you stand rather than give way."
If one examines the map, it will be seen that by his inflection toward Meaux and Coulommiers General von Kluck was exposing his right to the offensive action of the French left. This is the starting point of the victory of the Marne.
On the evening of September 5th the French left army had reached the front Penchard-Saint-Souflet-Ver. On the 6th and 7th it continued its attacks vigorously with the Ourcq as objective. On the evening of the 7th it was some kilometers from the Ourcq, on the front Chambry-Marcilly-Lisieux-Acy-en Multien. On the 8th, the Germans, who had in great haste reinforced their right by bringing their Second and Fourth army corps back to the north, obtained some successes by attacks of extreme violence. But in spite of this pressure the French held their ground. In a brilliant action they took three standards, and being reinforced prepared anew attack for the loth. At the moment that this attack was about to begin the enemy was already in re-treat toward the north. The attack became a pursuit, and on the 12th the French established themselves on the Aisne.
Why did the German forces which were con-fronting the French, and on the evening before attacking so furiously, retreat on the morning of the loth? Because in bringing back on the 6th several army corps from the south to the north to face the French left, the enemy had exposed his left to the attacks of the now rested British, who had immediately faced around toward the north, and to those of the French armies which were prolonging the English lines to the right. This is what the French command had sought to bring about. This is what happened on September 8th and allowed the development and rehabilitation which it was to effect.
On the 6th the British army set out from the line Rozcy-Langny and that evening reached the southward bank of the Grand Morin. On the 7th and 8th it continued its march, and on the 9th had debouched to the north of the Marne below Château-Thierry the town that was to become famous for the American stand in 1918—taking in flank the German forces which on that day were opposing, on the Ourcq, the French left army. Then it was that these forces began to retreat, while the British army, going in pursuit and capturing seven guns and many prisoners, reached the Aisne between Soissons and Longueval.
The rôle of the French army, which was operating to the right of the British army, was threefold. It had to support the British attacking on its left. It had on its right to support the center, which, from September 7th, had been subjected to a German attack of great violence. Finally, its mission was to throw back the three active army corps and the reserve corps which faced it.
On the 7th, it made a leap forward, and on the following days reached and crossed the Marne, seizing, after desperate fighting, guns, howitzers, mitrailleuses, and a million cartridges. On the 12th it established itself on the north edge of the Montagne-de-Reime in contact with the French center, which for its part had just forced the enemy to retreat in haste.
The French center consisted of a new army created on August 29th and of one of those which at the beginning of the campaign had been engaged in Belgian Luxemburg. The first had retreated, on August 29th to September 5th, from the Aisne to the north of the Marne and occupied the general, front Sezanne-Mailly.
The second, more to the east, had drawn back to the south of the line Humbauville-Château - Beauchamp - Bignicourt - Blesmes - Maurupt-le-Montoy.
The enemy, in view of his right being arrested and the defeat of his enveloping movement, made a desperate effort from the 7th to the 19th to pierce the French center to the west and to the east of Fere-Champenoise. On the 8th he succeeded in forcing back the right of the new French army, which retired as far as Gouragançon. On the 9th, at 6 o'clock in the morning, there was a further re-treat to the south of that village, while on the left the other army corps also had to go back to the line Allemant-Connantre.
Despite this retreat General Poch, commanding the army of the center, ordered a general offensive for the same day. With the Morocco division, whose behavior was heroic, he met a furious assault of the Germans on his left toward the marshes of Saint Gond. Then with the divisions which had just victoriously overcome the attacks of the enemy to the north of Sezanne, and with the whole of his left army corps, he made a flanking attack in the evening of the 9th upon the German forces, and notably the guard, which had thrown back his right army corps. The enemy, taken by surprise by this bold maneuver, did not resist, and beat a hasty retreat. This marked Foch as the most daring and brilliant strategist of the war.
On the 11th the French crossed the Marne between Tours-sur-Marne and Sarry, driving the Germans in front of them in disorder. On the 12th they were in contact with the enemy to the north of the Champ de Châlons. The reserve army of the center, acting on the right of the one just referred to, had been intrusted with the mission during the 7th, 8th, and 9th of disengaging its neighbor, and it was only on the 10th that being reinforced by an army corps from the east, it was able to make its action effectively felt. On the 11th the Germans retired. But, perceiving their danger, they fought desperately, with enormous expenditure of projectiles, behind strong intrenchments. On the 12th the result had none the less been attained, and two French center armies were solidly established on the ground gained.
To the right of these two armies were three others. They had orders to cover themselves to the north and to debouch toward the west on the flank of the enemy, which was operating to the west of the Argonne. But a wide interval in which the Germans were in force separated them from the French center. The attack took place, nevertheless, with very brilliant success for the French artillery, which destroyed eleven batteries of the Sixteenth German army corps.
On the 10th inst., the Eighth and Fifteenth German army corps counter-attacked, but were repulsed. On the 11th French progress continued with new successes, and on the 12th the French were able to face round toward the north in expectation of the near and inevitable retreat of the enemy, which, in fact, took place from the 13th.
The withdrawal of the mass of the German force involved also that of the left. From the 12th onward the forces of the enemy operating between Nancy and the Vosges retreated in a hurry before the two French armies of the East, which immediately occupied the positions that the enemy had evacuated. The offensive of the French right had thus prepared and consolidated in the most useful way the result secured by the left and center.
Such was this seven days' battle, in which more than two millions of men were engaged. Each army gained, ground step by step, opening the, road to its neighbor, supported at once by it, taking in flank the adversary which the day before it had attacked in front, the efforts of one articulating closely with those of the other, a perfect unity of intention and method animating the supreme command.
To give this victory all its meaning it is necessary to add that it was gained by troops which for two weeks had been retreating, and which, when the order for the offensives was given, were found to be as ardent as on the first day. It has also to be said that these troops had to meet the whole German army. Under their pressure the German retreat at certain times had the appearance of a rout.
In spite of the fatigue of the poilus, in spite of the power of the German heavy artillery, the French took colors, guns, mitrailleuses, shells, and thousands of prisoners. One German corps lost almost the whole of its artillery.
In that great battle the spectacular rush of General Gallieni's army defending Paris, was one of the dramatic surprises that decided the issue. In that stroke Gallieni sent his entire force forty miles to attack the right wing of the German army. In this gigantic maneuver every motor car in Paris was utilized, and the flying force of Gallieni became the "Army in Taxicabs," a name that will live as long as France exists.
General Clergerie, Chief of Staff of Gallieni, told the story for posterity. He said:
"From August 26, 1914, the German armies had been descending upon Paris by forced marches. On September 1st they were only three days' march from the advanced line of the intrenched camp, which the garrison were laboring desperately to put into condition for defense. It was necessary to cover with trenches a circuit of 110 miles, install siege guns, assure the coming of supplies for them over narrow-gauge railways, assemble the food and provisions of all kinds necessary for a city of 4,000,000 inhabitants.
"But on September 3rd, the intelligence. service, which was working perfectly, stated about the middle of the day, that the German columns, after heading straight for Paris, were swerving toward the south-east and seemed to wish to avoid the fortified camp.
"General Gallieni 'and I then had one of those long conferences which denoted grave events; they usually lasted from two to five minutes at most. The fact is that the military government of Paris did little talking—it acted. The conference reached this conclusion: `If they do not come to us, we will go to them with all the force we can muster.' Nothing remained but to make the necessary preparations. The first thing to do was not to give the alarm to the enemy. General Manoury's army immediately received orders to lie low and avoid any engagement that was not absolutely necessary." Then care was taken to reinforce it by every means. All was ready at the designated time.
In the night of September 3rd, knowing that the enemy would have to leave only a rear guard on one bank of the Ourcq, General Gallieni and General Clergerie decided to march against that rear guard, to drive it back with all the weight of the Manoury army, to cut the enemy's communications, and take full ad-vantage of his hazardous situation. Immediately the following order was addressed to General Manoury:
Because of the movement of the German armies, which seem to be slipping in before our front to the southeast, I intend to send your army to attack them in the flank, that is to say, in an easterly direction. I will indicate your line of march as soon as I learn that of the British army. But make your arrangements now so that your troops shall be ready to march this afternoon and to begin a general movement east of the intrenched camp tomorrow.
At ten in the morning a consultation was held by Generals Gallieni, Clergerie, and Manoury, and the details of the plan of operations were immediately decided. General Joffre gave permission to attack and announced that he would himself take the offensive on the 6th. On the 5th, at noon, the army' from Paris fired the first shot; the battle of the Oureq, a preface to the Marne, had begun.
General Clergerie then told what a precious purveyor of information he had found in General von der Marwitz, cavalry commander of the German first army, who made intemperate use of the wireless telegraph and did not even take the trouble to put into cipher his dispatches, of which the Eiffel Tower made a careful collection. "In the evening of September 9th," he said, "an officer of the intelligence . corps brought me a dispatch from this same Marwitz couched in something like these terms : `Tell me exactly where you are and what you are doing. Hurry up, because XXX.' The officer was greatly embarrassed to interpret those three X's. Adopting the language of the poilu, I said to him, `Translate it, "I am going to bolt."' True enough, next day we found on the site of the German batteries, which had been precipitately evacuated, stacks of munitions ; while by the roadside we came upon motors abandoned for the slightest breakdown, and near Betz almost the entire outfit of a field bakery, with a great store of flour and dough half-kneaded. Paris and France were saved.
"Von Kluck could not get over his astonishment. He has tried to explain it by saying he was unlucky, for out of a hundred Governors not one would have acted as Gallieni did, throwing his whole available force nearly forty miles from his stronghold. It was downright imprudence." | <urn:uuid:dcca576e-cb1c-40d9-a8cb-f70367102c53> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.oldandsold.com/articles26/world-war-one-7.shtml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721027.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00551-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.986229 | 3,634 | 3.296875 | 3 |
17 November 2020
Zooming in on Micros: Mental health, RDIs, Supps & more…
Last article, I spoke about the basic functions of micronutrients, common deficiencies and their role in physical health. If you’re just tuning in now, I’m going to redirect you to here, otherwise this isn’t going to make a whole lot of sense… To kick of this article, we are going to start with (an introduction to)…
Last article, I spoke about the basic functions of micronutrients, common deficiencies and their role in physical health. If you’re just tuning in now, I’m going to redirect you to here, otherwise this isn’t going to make a whole lot of sense…
To kick of this article, we are going to start with (an introduction to) the role played by micronutrients in mental health.
Micronutrients and psychological health
The first thing to recognise here is that physical and psychological health are not two separate entities, in reality, they’re two sides of the same coin. Your mental wellbeing is the conscious meta-physical manifestation of unconscious physical processes at the level of the brain, and these physical processes can and will be directly and indirectly effected by the state of the body.
Essential in the brain’s energetic processes — and hence your mental health — is once again, mitochondrial proficiency. They have to work damn hard for this glucose guzzling organ! The brain is so metabolically active, that it accounts for approximately 20-25% of your Basal metabolic rate.
With this knowledge, we’ve already arrived at a key point: that the brain it likely to be the place which displays any negative effects due to inadequate nutrients — such as in the form of mental fatigue.
What separates this centre of consciousness — and the remainder of the central nervous system — from the rest of the body, however, is neurotransmitters. The synthesis and reuptake of neurotransmitters partially relies on micronutrient cofactors and co-enzymes. Serotonin, GABA, dopamine, norepinephrine, essentially all the chemicals that make you feel mentally sound, stem, in part, from micronutrients such as magnesium, zinc and B-vitamins.
This is important point number two: you’ve gotta supply the goods to feel the goods.
For these reasons, it’s not hard to find research that strongly links poor diet to the onset of clinically diagnosed mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety disorders, ADHD and suicide (1-8). And, to that point, when poor diets are resolved to become more wholesome, and varied, there is often significant relief of symptoms, and in some cases, total relief (9). Of course, these outcomes can’t be attribute to micronutrients alone. Essential fats, amino acids and other bioactive components such as phytochemicals, play a massive role alongside micronutrients.
What has really interested me, and what actually prompted me to write this article, is the emerging research of micronutrient supplementation on aiding in the battle against psychiatric conditions, via both single micronutrient and broad-spectrum formulas. Considering these cases are more specific to micronutrients, and with the rise of depression and anxiety in Australia — 20% total & 30% of females ages 15-24 (10) — I thought it be worth a detailed account of these results. Not only that, it starts to lead in questions about the efficacy of RDI’s and supplementation.
Starting with the single nutrient interventions into mental health, we need to understand that it’s always going to be unknown whether a single micronutrient is required or whether groups of nutrients are better. But, given what’s know about human physiology and its need to balance between nutrients, a broad-spectrum approach (featuring synergists) would make more sense — though, some monotherapies have been very successful.
Zinc, for example has been shown to be effective in improving depression, especially in conjunction with an antidepressant (11). As for anxiety, one study comparing the mineral status of 38 chronically anxious participants (diagnosed with General Anxiety Disorder) and 16 participants without GAD, found that those who had anxiety had slightly higher levels of copper and lower zinc, and that symptoms were significantly relieved with zinc supplementation (12).
A quick add in on the potential physiology behind this study:
Remember that zinc and copper are antagonists, and, in true antagonistic fashion, they fight for absorption. Well actually, it’s more that zinc gets in coppers way. Whether the reverse relationship occurs is somewhat controversial. Copper, when utilised, is involved in the synthesis of the neurotransmitter’s adrenaline and noradrenaline which are known as your “fight or flight” hormones, occasionally inducing feelings of anxiety depending on emotional state. Zinc, on the other hand is partly responsible for the main calming neurotransmitter GABA. It’s been shown in rats that when there’s too much copper, GABA production is blocked but this hasn’t really been shown in humans (13, 14). It’s more likely that these participants just ate stuff all zinc, were commonly eating zinc inhibitors alongside zinc containing foods or had a genetically wired zinc prohibitors.
Extra factoid: People often take ZMA before sleep which makes some sense because zinc can lead to GABA and magnesium and B-6 are the precursors to the serotonin-melatonin pathway, however, neither the zinc nor magnesium used in typical ZMA products are well absorbed, so you’re better off creating your own version. More on this later.
Many other single nutrient studies have also shown some positive effects on depression such as Vitamin D (15)and folate (B-vitamin) (16)and magnesium (17), but I believe they’re a drop in the ocean of human physiology, so to speak, and the bottleneck may simply be moved onto the next metabolic stage.
The next question is, do a broad-spectrum of vitamins and mineral fair better in the optimisation of human physiology, and thus mental health?
Leading the charge in this regard is Julia Rucklidge and her team from the University of Canterbury.
In a 2013 systematic review, Julia and Bonnie J Kaplan reviewed broad-spectrum micronutrient formulas for the treatment of psychiatric symptoms (18). This included, mood, bipolar disorder, ADHD, Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), anxiety and stress, antisocial behaviours and substances abuse. To qualify for review, the formulas had to consist of at least four vitamins or minerals, and they didn’t discount formulas that included some amino acids or herbal additives. Forty-seven (of 738) studies met the inclusion criteria, of which 25 were double-blind randomized control trials (RCT’s) which is important to note because they are the gold standard research method. It was a real free for all in terms of psychiatric conditions and micronutrient formula but it’s the first of its kind and the results are quite amazing.
The one big downside that must be mentioned is that barely any studies reviewed diet before beginning the research. It could just be that everyone from these studies had mental illness borne partially out of poor diet quality and that subsection of the study’s population saw relief. I, however, find this to be doubtful given the large sample sizes, countries in the study and when the results are combined with the research I’ll present later. It’s also somewhat non-concerning because the formulas that got the best results in this review used products that extended well beyond the RDA recommendations. One product was called EMPowerplus and it contained 36-ingredients, 30 of which are vitamins and minerals.
Now a quick brief of the results…
All seven trials on using EMPowerplus for the treatment of bipolar (lasting between 6-24 months) showed improvement in symptoms and less need for medication. Just so you’re aware, these were 15-pill day protocols from a supplement that you can’t find at your local Chemist Warehouse.
One small drawback was that none of these studies were RCT’s which is understandable given the costly timeframes, but the volume of studies at the very least says something about the efficacy and sets a good platform for more rigorous testing. Since this review, another trial of 60 adults with major depressive disorder showed greater reductions when participants received a B-complex formula, compared with placebo (19)
The research regarding mood did include RCT’s and the results were mixed, however, they did include “healthy’ subjects, the timeframes were short, and the formulas were less complete. All factors which no doubt influenced results. Nevertheless, many did still show a significant benefit.
Five RCT’s for anxiety, four of which for double-blind placebo randomised controlled trials, used high dose B-vitamins and all five reported improvements. When using a larger variety of micronutrients (27-29 ingredients) at around the RDA, all but one showed significant benefit in reducing anxiety. All studies on substance abuse and anti-social behaviours even showed significant benefit, most of which were double-blind. Crazy, right?
All four studies on ADHD, ranging from 4-16 weeks showed significant improvement in symptoms and so to all three studies on ASD, ranging from 3 months to 2 years. EMPowerplus (or similar) featuring heavily in both. For ADHD there was only one double-blind placebo randomised controlled trial. However, since that trial, Julia has conducted multiple studies of just that kind (20, 21). Once again, these are powerful 15 pills per day treatments using EMPowerplus, above the RDA’s. In one of these follow up trials, the participants showed less hyperactivity, impulsivity and depression and after 1 year, the group that continued using micronutrients maintained or showed improvements, and the group that stopped or returned back to ADHD medication had a worsening of symptoms (20).
Within the review, there was even preliminary research of the reduction of PTSD using high dose B-vitamins following the Christchurch New Zealand earthquakes in 2010-2011, one of these studies where in participants that also had ADHD. Since then, these results have been replicated after devasting flooding in Alberta Canada, with the broad-spectrum approach showing the greatest improvements (22).
This research is a clear demonstration of how feeding the brain everything is needs (the constituents for effective energy and neurotransmitter production) can help manage psychological health for many sufferers of mental illness. It’s important to note, however, that the benefits aren’t universal and as previously stated, it may just be serving those who previously had poor diet rather than those with unfortunate genetic dispositions.
While emerging research is revealing this strong link between mitochondrial dysfunction in ADHD, bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety and ASD (23-27). I just can’t speak to the genetic side of things; however, it should be made clear that pre-programmed errors in metabolism can only be worsened by poor micronutrient status, and that high dose broad spectrum micronutrients, may still bring about some positive effects.
Many questions sprang to mind after reading this review as well as other work published by Julia Rucklidge. Most questions related to: why some people responded so well to the higher than RDI treatment?
One answer that kept popping up was that it could be poor digestive and absorptive capabilities. It’s always important to note that nutrient intake is not a perfect predictor of nutrient availability and, therefore, the old adage of “You are what you eat” would be better stated as “You are what you absorb.”
Furthermore, it has long been known that chronic psychological (or physical) stress will significantly impact the composition of the microbiota, leading to dysbiosis (28, 29). The microbiome, if you didn’t know, is an ecosystem (mostly bacteria) that reside in your GI tract and their main purpose is to digest food and extract the nutrients that we need — and, in some cases, make nutrients for us. A loss of diversity in gut bacteria (dysbiosis) will, therefore, alter what we can absorb from our food.
Overtime, dysbiosis will also injure the mucosal barrier and increase the permeability between our intestines and systemic systems (aka bloodstream and lymphatic system), by slowly chipping away at what used to be tight “gatekeeping” junctions between intestinal (epithelial) cells. From that point, macromolecules such as bacteria can translocate and cause systemic inflammation via an immune response (30)(or more like autoimmune).
In such unfortunate cases, it’s always hard to know what came first, pre-disposed GI problems or a self-induced condition through poor diet and lifestyle. Without intervention though, wherever it started from, this problem (just like anything got to do with stress) has a way of compounding itself.
It seems destined, that once gut problems arise, errors in energy metabolism will occur and that maybe “supersaturation” of essential vitamins and minerals may be the only way to get enough through the intestinal lining and increase endogenous stocks — hence the positive effects. Of course, dieting interventions won’t win this battle of their own back, lifestyle factors such as your ability to cope with stress also need to be corrected.
RDIs: Good Enough?
This brings me to the grand question, which I’ve been building to through both articles: Are the recommend daily intakes (RDI’s) for micronutrients up to scratch?
To answer this question, I’m going to summarise a brilliant review article by David Benton from the university of Swansea (31), however, if you’re interested in this topic, I suggest you glaze over it yourself*.
(*I’m not going to reference articles that are discussed within this review. You’ll need to check it out for yourself. )
It’s wonderfully written and packed full of interesting research on the effects of micronutrients on cognition in healthy adults and school kids (fluid vs crystallized intelligence) and mood, all of which showed positives signs and all most of which pre-dated Julia Rucklidge’s work. If you’re disappointed that I haven’t touched on cognition, read this article!
First, before we can get an idea of whether the RDI’s are adequate, we need to understand what the RDI’s were designed for.
For the scientists involved, creating the recommend daily values for each nutrient through population-based research was a painstaking process — to say the least. And, due to this draining and expensive style of research, the “need” that was met by researchers was for participants to be free from disease (within the study timeframe), anything fancier such as optimising cognition was out of the question.
This highlights that they wereneverput in place to optimise physiological function. Nutrients often showed a variety of physiological effects at different levels of intake, yet once the burden of disease was taken care of, the set value became somewhat arbitrary. Some nutrients even showed beneficial or therapeutic effects, but unfortunately, such dosages surpassed their definition of “requirements.”
The answer of “we don’t know” was also unacceptable because law required that recommended daily values be labelled in proportion to the food product, so in many cases, due to time pressure, the results were nothing more than a best guess…
David’s main argument is that because the brain is by far the most metabolically active organ, constantly requiring an influx of glucose and cofactors from micronutrients, it would show the first signs of deficiency. Those deficiencies would show up as things such as inattentiveness and mental lethargy to begin with which could then spiral more towards anxiety, depression and anger. However, when establishing the nutrient reference values, no psychological or behavioural parameters where studied, therefore RDI’s are invalid when taking psychological well-being into account.
Through biological assay (which tests the concentration of a substance in humans or other living organisms) Benton was able to show that levels of thiamine (B1) significantly above the average RDI, compared with placebo, improved feelings of happiness after 3 months in women who already had, by RDI’s definition, a suitable amount to avoid deficiency. In fact, multiple studies on thiamine, have shown this!
In another one of Benton’s studies, he gave healthy subjects ten times the RDI’s for nine vitamins, or a placebo, for one year. The females reported better mental health and feeling more agreeable and composed. The males reported being more agreeable and this was in subjects, who through biological assay, were judged to be adequately nourished prior to the study with the slight exception of B2 and B6.
To put it plainly, we set the RDI’s a while back in a pretty half-as*ed manner (relative to how we could study them now), with no consideration into mental wellbeing and now they’re our standard nutritional metric in monitoring nutrient intake.
The consensus amongst leading researchers is this field is that optimisation of physical and mental health lies somewhere just prior to the upper limit for many, if not all nutrients.
Physical health may have been mostly covered (although unlucky not to be optimised) by our current parameters but mental health is all but unknown. However, given the research I’ve presented so far, I’d say the RDI’s aren’t sufficient for enough of the population’s mental — especially given the grounds under which these recommendations where developed. And supplementation may boost many already healthy people need or even “nutritional medicine” for those facing psychological difficulty.
If you’ve made it this far, you’re probably very enthused about getting your hands on a broad-spectrum supplement, and hopefully eating a more varied and nutritious diet. But, you’re also almost certainly confused at what to go for. A single nutrient option like zinc? A “complete” multivitamin like centrum? A b-vitamin mix? Well, that’s what I’m here to help answer, and in fact, I’ve created a check list of sorts for you to use. But first, we simply have to return back to the topic of bioavailability to find out why you’re better off avoiding the common brands.
I’ve already touched on the fact that just through diet alone, anti-absorbers exist (an example from the previous article was oxalates and iron) but the realm of multivitamin/multimineral supplementation is twice as complex…
A solid definition of bioavailability is also hard to pin down. For prescription drugs, it’s typically considered to be the quantity of an administered substance that gets into circulation and is not metabolised before it can exert a biological effect. Too often people will consider absorption without putting a thought toward utilisation which is always the end goal. Bioequivalence is also another term worth noting because for some nutrients, for example folate, have multiple nutrient sources with different chemical structures, meaning equal amounts doesn’t mean equal absorption or biological effect. (It’s the heme iron vs non-heme iron issue. And, Vitamin A has the same problem… plant-based vitamin A (Beta carotene) is next to negligible compared to animal-based sources).
There are two inhibitor categories to absorption and utilisation. One is host factors such as the dysbiosis example I gave earlier, and the other is product factors such as the chemical ingredient source as well as bindings, coatings, surfactants and excipients that effect the completeness or rate of release.
1. Host factors
If a person is low on iron and you ingest a large amount of red meat or sardines, there body will be very effective at taking on board all they iron it can. Conversely, this homeostatic mechanism will work inversely if iron stocks are already high. You’ve got enough, why take much on more?
Factored into this is the load per mealof a nutrient. Studies on calcium and folate have shown that the larger the load, the more absorption and utilisation is impacted (32, 33). This may be part of the reason why the 15 pill per day protocols were so profound – doses were spread out across that day.
This is also why the “balanced meal” approach — meaning that you have a little bit of protein, fats and carbs per meal from wholesome sources — is such effective advice; it keeps nutrient load moderate and consistent, allowing for maximal saturation throughout the day. Water soluble vitamins and some minerals are the most sensitive to being excreted so spreading out a b-vitamin and/or mineral multi is important.
Then, just to re-mention it, there’s intestinal health impacting absorption, which is paradoxically solved, in part, by a healthy diet. Some people also get an unlucky genetic draw, making some nutrients undesirable to the body. Lastly, once you hit old age, the less absorptive capabilities you possess.
2. Product factors
One of the biggest product faux pasthat I see is the adage of multiple antagonists. It’s just plain silly. Instead you want to find a formula that looks to enhances synergisms between nutrients.
To be fair, however, creating a stacked multivitamin without having any antagonist issues is a puzzle that seems unsolvable. Some companies, though, are better than other because the ratios between these antagonists allow both to see the light of utilisation. I’ll mention these companies at the end.
Then most importantly: Do they have all the ingredients that you’d want? Do they have the nutrients that people are commonly deficient in?Or, if you’re looking for something more specialised like a bone mix or an iron mix, Do they have the cofactors?
Next, we have the chosen chemical ingredient.
Have you ever noted how, when shopping for a vitamin or mineral such as magnesium, there’s about 10 different forms to choose from? There’s magnesium… chloride, citrate, glycinate (or bisglycinate), malate, oxide, sulfate, taurate and threonate.
Well, guess what… Each one differs in bioavailability!
I’ve always found that, when looking to buy a supplement, looking online for which chemical form has the greatest absorptive capabilities is the easiest way to go.
Hint: it’s often then ones attached to an amino acid like glycinate or organic salts such as citrate, chelates and phosphates. Inorganic salts such as oxides, chlorides, and sulphates tend to limit uptake and cause GI distress.
Hint 2: You sometimes have to be careful of enantiomers. An example is R-Alpha-lipoid acid which is the one the body can utilise versus dl-alpha lipoic acid which is basically a useless fake. If you see an extra letter, and the common ones are D and L, at the start of a nutrient, once again, look up which ones actually work.
Excipients such as binders, disintegrating agents and lubricants are something I know little about, but I do know they are responsible for the rate of release and often are purposefully put there to create a slow release from. Alongside excipients, fillers, coatings and surfactants, often put their to maintain pill structure or dampen the bad taste have also been shown to change the bioavailability of many micronutrients (34). This is why capsulated multi’s are a good idea.
Don’t trust what you see…
Unfortunately, the same kind of rigorous testing doesn’t apply to multivitamin/multimineral supplements as it does for prescription drugs. Manufacturers determine both the types and levels of vitamins and minerals. Take a swing at which form of a nutrient a company is most likely to use? Factor in that most companies only care about their bottom line, and, because the greater public is unaware of product bioavailability differences, they don’t need to worry about much else. Companies like centrum, not only have very small amounts of micronutrient, but there’s no consideration into nutrient form and nutrient-nutrient interactions.
Not only this, overreporting of nutrients is also a common occurrence (34).
With bioavailability out of the way, I can now sum up the key points for micronutrient consumption, factoring in everything that’s been spoken about thus far.
- Always look to improve your diet first. This the healthiest and most cost effect strategy there is. Not only will this maximise your micronutrition from diet, but it will also keep calories to an acceptable level, and, it’s the only reliable place to get phytochemicals (supplementation cannot effectively cover this area yet). The aim should be to fill your diet with 80-90% wholesome foods — preferably 100% but we aren’t robots. To be wholesome, the diet must be varied and consistent across meals. Do this first, see how you feel and then consider supplementation, but I dare say most of you will still benefit from it anyhow. Supplementation should not be used as the lazy persons insurance for eating a poor diet, however, if you’re not going to change your tune with eating, go for it, I guess.
- If you’re overweight/obese, have mental health conditions or any other conditions that may imply mitochondrial dysfunction, once again, first look to diet (after seeking advice of course). However, I think these are cases where supplementation can be suitably added straight away. Micronutrients won’t work magic, but they will likely lead to some improvements, especially in conjunctions with a change in lifestyle factors. Plus the downside is minimal.
- Athletes should consider supplementation given the high metabolic demands of sport.
- When looking to fix something specific such as osteoporosis or anaemia, look for synergistic formulas i.e. calcium, magnesium, Vitamin D and phosphorus for osteoporosis and iron with vitamin C and some b-vitamins for anaemia. (Also do more exercise, especially resistance training for osteoporosis as a lifestyle change as well as eating in a calorie surplus for optimal growth if it’s due to being underweight).
- Buy formulas that are synergistic, in correct ratios and use bioavailable forms of each nutrient. The two brands that I know that account for this are Life Extensionand Thorne Research. I would recommend the Life Extension mix without copper or Thorne’s Advanced nutrients or Basic nutrients V. Thorne also has a multi that is specifically for athletes. They are expensive relative to what you’d but at your local chemist but that’s because they factor in what’s require for a decent multi. They are 8 pill per day servings, however, I would start with 5-6 and take 2 with each meal to spread out the doses. Make sure each meal contains some fat for enhanced absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.
- It seems that iron absorption is the most interfered with when paired with other nutrients. So, don’t buy multis that have iron in them, especially if that’s the deficiency you’re wanting to fix. Always take iron supplements on its own and with the necessary cofactors. The forms of iron you’re looking for are ferrous ascorbate, ferrous gluconate or ferrous bisglycinate.
- Due to age related malabsorption and a reduced endogenous antioxidant system, the elderly should take a broad spectrum multi.
- If you’re anxious or depressed and don’t want to spend much money, you can try some of the single nutrients option I spoke about such as zinc, magnesium or even B-vitamin mixes. Be sure to look up bioavailable forms of zinc and magnesium.
- If you’re an office worker or you spend a lot of time indoors, take vitamin D. This is a micronutrient that you’re not going to get from diet very effectively. I would recommend 1,000UI per day at minimum. Higher might be better and it is tolerated well.
- Supplement with a broad spectrum multi when in a moderate to large calorie deficit.
- If you’re taking a prescription medication look to the extras section under drug interactions for further guidance.
My final say.
A lot of the research I’ve presented is considered to be “a good start” rather than something concrete and I don’t want anyone to go away thinking I’ve illuminated a magic bullet. Each piece of research is promising but none of it is anything akin to a eureka!moment. Optimisation of mental or even physical health through micronutrient consumption is an extremely challenging thing to measure for any researcher given the genetic and environmental variances between humans resulting in numerous confounding variables.
Humans also struggle to objectively rate how they’re feeling retrospectively, and many trials ask to do just that, and a few are without placebos. There’s also the lack of regulation in what constitute and broad-spectrum formula, nor is there a consensus what should be the standard dosages if there was to be one.
Lastly, these studies don’t go through the same trials that a prescription painkiller, for example would, not even close. Why fund research for nutrients? Isn’t it something we know everything about? This may change in the future but for now, gold standard trialling is confined to small sample sizes and short trial durations until it proves itself to be worthy of more.
With that said, when it comes to health optimisation, what the research begins to state is that heading north of the RDI’s is likely the correct direction to travel, and, to reach that place will likely require supplementation of some sort, especially given our current food environment. Exactly how far beyond is uncertain, but there’s considerable space between the upper limit and the current RDI’s.
You may think it’s an overly expensive purchase but contrast that with all the unnecessary purchases you’ve made that are anything but an investment in your health and future. This one may not be tangible, but it is healthy one and it may just be a potentiator of healthier decisions to come — a variable that is likely underestimated.
At the very least, if there’s one thing you should do after reading this, it’s to top up your diet with plenty of fruit and veg of all different colours, make the majority of your remaining carbs whole grain, have some dairy, some leans meats, seafood and poultry, and then, and only then if you’re able to afford it, a decent multi. And the more you restrict your options, whether that be for ethical or experimental reasons the more straightforward this decision should come.
Blood tests and symptomology.
There’s a common issue when it comes to analysing symptoms of a nutrient deficiency and that is the commonality between symptoms. Fatigue can arise from a deficiency of magnesium, iron, B12, Vitamin D and more. Muscle weakness, headaches and dizziness all have long lists as well.
Some are more exclusive such as diarrhea and zinc deficiencies or magnesium and high blood pressure, but, once again, there could be many other reasons for these outcomes.
This is where blood tests can help and if you’ve got probable cause (i.e. a symptom), a thorough doctor and healthcare, you can get these for free. They’ll test for the most likely suspects such as Iron and vitamin D as well as any others that are common for that gender or after assessing diet. Blood tests should be a quarterly to half yearly habit in any case, you know, just to see if you’re going to live for the foreseeable future. When you do that, get whatever nutrients you can for free.
Testing for some micronutrients that people are uncommonly deficient in will likely cost you. It’s better in this case to come back to assessing symptoms, lifestyle and diet. For this, you’ll likely need help, and this is where it is handy to consult with a nutritionist or dietician. I think it’s handy to be in contact with one anyway because you may think your tired from work and stress, and that’s no doubt apart of the problem, however you may be totally unaware that you’ve got next to no magnesium or B12 in your diet.
This is more of public service announcement:
Many prescription drugs interact with nutrient absorption OR can aid in depleting current nutrient stocks!
There’re a few common ones that I have been able to get from this paper, and there’s more in there if you’re interest.
- Contraceptives – May decrease vitamin B-6 & B-12
- Nicotine (smokers) – May decrease vitamin B-3
This websitealso has a list for psychiatric drugs and the nutrients they deplete but I can’t really speak to the validity of this website.
It’s a good idea to supplement with what you may be missing.
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34. Yetley EA. Multivitamin and multimineral dietary supplements: definitions, characterization, bioavailability, and drug interactions. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2007;85(1):269S-76S. | <urn:uuid:ab9d7654-d3a0-42f3-9548-b11d3ea12d49> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.jpshealthandfitness.com.au/zooming-in-on-micros-mental-health-rdis-supps-more/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571190.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810131127-20220810161127-00065.warc.gz | en | 0.918232 | 9,022 | 2.46875 | 2 |
it contains a built-in miner, which uses your CPU to generate coins.
Mining is currently mainly done using certain high-end GPU's, which are way faster at this than CPU's.
So it uses CPU's or GPU's?
BitCoin.exe will only use your CPU, but more advanced mining programs like poclbm
, which is available with a graphic interface
, use the parallel processing power of GPU's to far outperform them. Because mining is essentially a competition, this is why it has become so difficult to earn bitcoins this way.
Without knowing its actual speed, I think it is safe to say that generating coins now using that will at least take a few years, sorry if you had your hopes up.AMD Athlon 64 x2 (2.11 ghz) [Dual Core]
Based on other people's numbers
it looks like your total generating capacity would be only 1-2 "MHash", which equates to earning one 50 BTC reward every 11 years
. These days the most powerful mining is done with leading edge AMD graphics cards where the owner of an AMD Radeon HD 6990
will get a 50 BTC reward about every 6 days if mining continuously. But competition is always reducing the rate people earn, like Ricochet explained.
PS: could you tell us where you got the information about 50 coins every 6 hours, or that it only requires 1.3GHz of your CPU?
Found it somewhere last night- not sure if I can locate again but if I do I will let ya know.
Thanks humphrey--we like to track down misinformation whenever we can. It sounds like those numbers were either very out of date or a misunderstanding.
you should know right off the bat that you don't need to know anything about mining to use bitcoins.
Mhmm- btw sent u 5 coins. Thnx for the reply.
. Tips always make my day
. By the way, I'm always curious to ask where people got their first bitcoins, since it used to be quite difficult but is getting easier and easier all the time. Was it from CoinPal, or a friend, or something else (if you don't mind my asking)?
Because this market is so competitive, you're unlikely to earn much from turning on that option for your CPU--most mining these days is done on high-end graphics cards and returns an income relatively close to the costs involved, such as electricity and time.
So you can use either the CPU or GPU to (GPU being better) to mine?
Yes, exactly--see above.
What BitCoin is: An agreement amongst a community of people to use 21 million secure mathematical tokens--"bitcoins"--as money, like the Iroquois used wampum. Unlike wampum, there will never be more bitcoins, they are impossible to counterfeit, they can be divided into as small of pieces as you want, and they can be transferred instantly across great distances via a digital connection such as the internet.
So there are only 21 million available bitcoins in this network?
That's correct. It's the limited amount that gives bitcoins their value--if there were an unlimited number there wouldn't be any competition to own them and it would be foolish to treat them as money. Wampum, for example, started being mass-produced by dutch settlers and was ruined as money.
What happens when they run out?
The initial 21 million are going to be very gradually distributed
, mostly over the next few decades, instead of running out. But you will always be able to get bitcoins by trading goods, services, or other money for them with other people, just like you would get any other kind of cash. Similarly, the total amount of gold in the world doesn't tend to change very much but instead the existing gold is just traded around and re-used. Unlike paper currencies, bitcoins don't wear out so this isn't a problem.
What if someone has a majority of these coins and never uses them?
Trying to buy up the majority of bitcoins would be like trying to buy up the majority of gold in the world--it would soon get very expensive, and all the remaining bitcoins would increase greatly in value. So in short--they would make everybody else rich. As far as technically, having less bitcoins isn't a problem because unlike normal banknotes they can be divided into as small of pieces as you need. The entire bitcoin economy could run on a single bitcoin if it needed to, because you could just transfer .0000001 btc at a time, for example. For the time being we only use amounts as small as .01, but we can change that as bitcoin becomes more valuable.
Because bitcoins are given their value by the community, they don't need to be accepted by anyone else or backed by any authority to succeed. They are like a local currency except much, much more effective and local to the whole world. As an example of how effective the community is at "backing" the bitcoin, at the beginning of this week someone sold 30,000 bitcoins on the largest exchange, consuming nearly all "buy" offers on the order book and dropping the price by nearly 1/3. But within a couple of days, the price on the exchange has fully rebounded and bitcoins are again trading at good volumes, with large "buy" offers slowly replacing the ones consumed by the trade. The ability of such a small economy (there are only 5 million out of the total 21 million bitcoins circulating so far, or about 3.75 million USD worth at current exchange rates) to absorb such a large sell-off without crashing shows that bitcoins are already working beautifully.
DAMN!! (aka amazing)
Yes, it is very impressive! And it's also a great sign for BitCoin's future.
This also explains what "miners" are doing--they are processing transactions for the BitCoin network, and securing it against attack.
So basically the people that are running the bitcoin exe are the "miners" which is just a term used to explain that they are allowing the bitcoin network to secure itself threw them?
Right--the underlying mathematics of how mining works is ingenious, but intricate! I would be happy to explain it if you're interested.
They do this through working on "blocks" but actually generating a block is quite rare,
So what does it mean to work on a block?
As transactions are processed and verified on the BitCoin network, they are put into blocks
and an SHA256 checksum is computed of the whole block. This is so that those transactions cannot be changed later. However, the p2p network of bitcoin clients won't accept just any
checksum, or hash
, for a block. Only hashes starting with a certain amount of zeroes are accepted (the number of zeroes depends on how fast blocks are appearing on the network), so if the first hash calculated doesn't work the block has to be changed slightly by adjusting a number called a nonce
, and the hash calculated again. This process gets repeated many, many times until the miner randomly finds a hash that starts with enough zeroes. Because this block will now be accepted by the network, we call this "finding a block". So the work a miner is doing is to first doublecheck all the transactions it has seen recently to make sure they are valid, then put them all in a block and try using different nonces many many times until they find a block with enough zeroes in its hash to be accepted by the network. The difficulty in finding a hash guarantees that no one can just make up their own blocks to try and change the official record of transactions. And, because each block also includes the hash of the previous block, these blocks together form an unbreakable series called the blockchain
. As long as a client connected to the BitCoin network uses the most computationally difficult blockchain, they will know they that the list of transactions in it is the "official" one and can be trusted.
Confused? It's a little complicated, but once you understand it this is the underlying reason that BitCoin doesn't have to trust anyone, and why it would be very expensive for a fraudster to try and "write two cheques on the same bank account" in a double-spend attack. Feel free to ask for more clarification. The BitCoin wiki
, which I keep linking to, is also a great source of detailed information.
how many coins do you get for generating a block?
The reward for generating a block (which is included as a transaction to themselves by the miner who finds the block, and accepted as valid by the rest of the network as long as they follow the rules) follows a set schedule and is currently 50 bitcoins. Miners also earn any transaction fees paid by transactions they process (you can pay a fee to to jump to the head of the line, which is important if the bitcoin network ever starts to fill up with more transactions than can be processed for free). The set schedule will reduce the reward over time to gradually approach that magical 21 million bitcoin total, and as the reward decreases it will be replaced by transaction fees to ensure people keep mining for ever without any new bitcoins having to be created. By this time, if it is successful, the bitcoin network will probably have so
many transactions on it that the fee will be very low but still create an incentive for miners to keep joining.
The more people start using bitcoin, the more bitcoins become worth (due to the limited number), and thus the more valuable block rewards become. More miners join in the competition to find blocks, the network adjusts the number of zeroes needed for a block to count, and bitcoin becomes more secure. So what this means is, the more people use bitcoin, the more secure it becomes. Isn't that ingenious?!! BitCoin is incredible.
and how long does it take to create a block using a great computer setup?
Well, if you have a $700 graphics card
you will find one, on average, every 5-6 days of continuous mining--though it's random when it actually occurs. If you have a $100 graphics card
you will find one every 24 days of continuous mining on average (For mining AMD cards tend to outperform NVIDIA cards due to their differences). Because of the randomness and the long waits, some people choose to join a mining pool
where they mine together with a large group of people and split the proceeds. Most mining pools charge a small fee for the server, so in the end the $100 graphics card tends to make a more consistent 2 BTC per day or so. Of course, as new miners are always entering, this will go down over time with the increased competition.
By the time you pay for the electricity, the graphics card, and the time spent on it, nobody's really making a whole ton of bitcoins this way. The best and simplest way to get bitcoins is simply to buy them, which is what most people do. For smaller amounts CoinPal
works well off a verified PayPal account. For larger amounts most people do a bank transfer to a BitCoin exchange like Mt. Gox
. In both cases there will be a slight fee for exchange because of either the expense involved or the risk of fraud (people will do crazy things for bitcoins because they're so secure and they're basically digital cash).
You can also sell something
or work for bitcoins
, just like any other kind of cash!
Does that make sense? I'm sure you have lots of questions so feel free to ask away.U have no idea
Also, you mentioned a key "direct access to their keys." what key exactly?
When you use the normal bitcoin client, this happens behind the scenes. What's going on is that a person's public address, like the one in my signature, is where coins are sent to
. But only the person who holds the private encryption key to that address can spend
them. These keys are normally stored in a file on your computer called your "bitcoin wallet" and then used by bitcoin.exe every time you send coins. If someone gets these keys they can steal your bitcoins, so be careful to protect them! You should also make a backup of them
in case your computer crashes. Right now making a secure backup is a little intricate, but it will probably be much easier in a future edition of the bitcoin client.
also also, if i lose the wallet- the coins are gone for ever?
If i take my address from one computer to another (by adding the address with bitcoins to the address i get bitcoins at on another machine?)
Yes, if the private keys in your wallet are lost and you don't have a backup, no one will ever be able to spend those bitcoins and they will be essentially lost. The simplest way to move bitcoins from one address to another is simply to send them like a normal transaction--then you will only need the new
private keys in the new
wallet file to spend them, no matter what happens to the old computer.
I hope that answers some of your questions | <urn:uuid:18cd009c-ff12-41ea-831a-0c12ecdf1430> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=5523.0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00465-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962345 | 2,708 | 1.867188 | 2 |
- 4–5 pound chicken or chicken parts such as backs, wings, necks
- 2 medium onions, washed and quartered (no need to peel if organic)
- 2 or 3 large carrots, washed and trimmed, cut into 2 or 3 large pieces
- 2 or 3 ribs celery including the leafy bits, washed, cut into 2 or 3 large pieces
- 1 clove garlic, peeled, slightly smashed
- 2 fresh bay leaves
- Handful good-sized parsley sprigs, about 6-8
- About 15 or so black peppercorns
- Wash the chicken. Remove the giblets if still intact. Put all of the ingredients in a large stockpot. Add in enough cold water to cover the ingredients by a few inches. Bring to a boil over medium heat, skimming off any foam that forms at the top.
- Reduce the heat to medium low and simmer gently, partially covered, for 3 or 4 hours until the broth has developed a deep yellow color and has reduced by about half.
- Salt to taste, if desired. (Cook’s Note: You can leave your broth unsalted until you use in your cooking. If you are adding to salty foods or reducing the broth, it may become too salty if you add the salt in advance.)
- Strain the broth through a colander or cheesecloth. Allow the broth to cool to room temperature and time permitting, cover and place in the refrigerator overnight. The fat will congeal on the top overnight. Spoon off the next morning and discard.
- Your broth will keep in the refrigerator for approximately 3 days or freeze for future use.
- Cuisine: Italian | <urn:uuid:6958c7d2-7d5a-4b54-9566-fab132146330> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ouritaliantable.com/how-to-make-stock/print/14120/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00474.warc.gz | en | 0.926027 | 358 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Dacetini, Formicidae, Hymenoptera, Insecta, Arthropoda, Animalia
Full Range: Panama, Costa Rica, Venezuela.
Costa Rican Range: Atlantic lowlands (La Selva Biological Station).
Mandible short and curving downward in profile; lateral head capsule with the antennal scrobe mostly or entirely smooth and shining; propodeal spines present(former Glamyromyrmex); leading edge of scape lacking erect hairs; disc of postpetiole in dorsal view not U-shaped or V-shaped, without a deeply concave anterior face; spongiform tissue present on ventral surface of postpetiole; color dark brown to black; face and vertex completely lacking erect setae; head in side view convex above and below, not flattened. Also see Bolton (2000:164).
Members of the genus are all predaceous, with a static pressure mode of attack (Bolton 1999).
This species inhabits the forest floor of lowland rainforest. It is known from few collections. The type specimens were collected on Barro Colorado Island in Panama, and two collections have been made at the La Selva Biological Station in Costa Rica. One of the La Selva collections was a worker in a Winkler sample of sifted litter from the forest floor, and the other was a presumed nest series (dealate queen and several workers) from a Berlese extraction of a litter/soil core. Brandao (1991) reports the species from Venezuela.
Glamyromyrmex wheeleri M. R. Smith 1944:254. Holotype worker and paratype worker: Panama, Barro Colorado Island, xii.1943, i.1944 no. 5114 (J. Zetek) [USNM, MCZ].
Later moved to Pyramica. See Bolton (2000) for complete synonymy.
Bolton, B. 1999. Ant genera of the tribe Dacetonini (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). J. Nat. Hist. 33:1639-1689.
Bolton, B. 2000. The ant tribe Dacetini, with a revision of the Strumigenys species of the Malagasy Region by Brian L. Fisher, and a revision of the Austral epopostrumiform genera by Steven O. Shattuck. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 65:1-1028.
Brandao, C. R. F. 1991. Adendos ao catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Rev. Bras. Entomol. 35:319-412.
Smith, M. R. 1944. A second species of Glamyromyrmex Wheeler. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 46:254-256.
John T. Longino, The Evergreen State College, Olympia WA 98505 USA.firstname.lastname@example.org
Go to Ants of Costa Rica Homepage | <urn:uuid:85e15c71-c7bf-4836-bd0c-50a70991b7b6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://academic.evergreen.edu/projects/ants/genera/pyramica/species/wheeleri/wheeleri.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00545-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.800424 | 652 | 2.453125 | 2 |
Starving N. Korea begs for food, but U.S. has concerns about resuming aid
Tuesday, February 22, 2011; 2:03 AM
TOKYO - North Korea recently took the unusual step of begging for food handouts from the foreign governments it usually threatens.
Plagued by floods, an outbreak of a livestock disease and a brutal winter, the government ordered its embassies and diplomatic offices around the world to seek help.
The request has put the United States and other Western countries in the uncomfortable position of having to decide whether to ignore the pleas of a starving country or pump food into a corrupt distribution system that often gives food to those who need it least.
The United States, which suspended its food aid to North Korea two years ago amid concerns about transparency, "has no plans for any contributions at this time," said Kurt Campbell, the State Department's top East Asia official.
Meanwhile, the U.N. World Food Program, responsible for much of the food aid in North Korea, said its current food supply could sustain operations in the communist country for only another month.
"We're certainly hopeful that new donations will be coming in the upcoming weeks," said Marcus Prior, the WFP's spokesman in Asia.
Next month, the WFP plans to complete an assessment of North Korea's food situation - a report that could influence how foreign governments respond. But few doubt that North Korea's 24 million people need food.
For two decades, since the collapse of a public distribution system that supplied food rations, Kim Jong Il's government has neglected to care for its people. In the early and mid-1990s, an estimated 1 million died in a famine.
North Korea has since developed a grass-roots network of private markets - a stand-in for government programs but also the target of occasional crackdowns from a leadership that views free-market activity as a threat.
Amid the food shortages, though, humanitarian experts describe another failure: the international aid effort. Outsiders have yet to devise a formula that reaches basic standards for monitoring or effectiveness. After 15 years and about $2 billion of aid efforts, one in four pregnant women is malnourished and one in three children is stunted.
The government places obstacles at every step of the distribution process - the top complaint from U.S. officials, who demand better transparency before aid resumes.
Sen. Richard G. Lugar (Ind.), the ranking Republican on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, released a statement this week calling it "essential" that U.S. assistance is "actually received by hungry North Korean children and their families, rather than reinforcing the North Korean military whose care is already a priority over the rest of the population." | <urn:uuid:fb4a1935-428e-4258-804a-f9af08c02fcf> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/02/19/AR2011021901953.html?wprss=rss_world/asia | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00375-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955473 | 556 | 2.1875 | 2 |
Named after a mythical bird in a famous poem, the new NFL team in Baltimore became the Ravens "evermore" team on Friday, March 29, 1996.
"In there stepped a stately Raven of the saintly days of yore;
Not the least obeisance made he; not a minute stopped or stayed he;
...Quoth the Raven, "Nevermore."
-- Edgar Allan Poe, 1845
The naming process for the expansion Baltimore NFL team began in mid-February, as soon as owner and president Art Modell received permission from the league office to move his franchise from Cleveland to Baltimore. One of his first actions was to approach the Indianapolis organization about their mascot "Colts," but Indy team officials refused to part with the name.
After extensive research, exhaustive panel discussions, focus groups, and fan polling, the name Ravens continued to surface at the top of all lists. In the end, it truly was the Baltimore football fans who named their new team.
But the process took almost two months.
Art's son, David, then-assistant to the president, met with NFL Properties officials to discuss naming possibilities. The initial list was whittled down from several hundred to a mere 17.
"The first promise we made was that we'd bring this [naming the team] back to the fans in some way," said David. "That was important to us."
A focus group was selected by a research firm to start the call to action. The group consisted of three divisions, each representing Maryland-area residents. The age ranges were 25-35 and 35-45. One group consisted of casual fans, while the two others were strong NFL fans.
Each focus group member was required to answer a questionnaire and to listen to some play-by-play tapes using the different nicknames. The main group was then divided into six smaller groups and asked to rank their top five picks.
Two names appeared on all six lists: the Ravens and the Colts. The Ravens was listed first three times, the Colts twice, and the Bulldogs once.
The Modells took the process a step further by partnering with The Baltimore Sun to get more voters and host one more poll.
The Sun's finalists poll began on March 28 and lasted approximately 24 hours. The names on the ballot were: Ravens, Americans, Marauders, Mustangs and Railers. Each name was subjected to a random telephone poll.
On March 29, team officials gathered with then-Mayor Kurt Schmoke and former Governor Parris Glendening at the Inner Harbor Amphitheater in Baltimore to make the announcement:
The name Ravens was over the top.
The Baltimore Sun announced a record-breaking 33,748 callers telephoned their votes to Sundial, a then-popular feature of the newspaper where readers would interact and express their opinions. The tally: Ravens 22,463, Americans 5,635, and Marauders 5,650.
"The name Ravens won the Sundial poll, and the name tested very well," said David. "It's a strong nickname that is not common to teams at any level, and it means something historically to this community."
At noon, on Wednesday, June 5, the team announced its colors: black, purple and metallic gold. Ravens QB Vinny Testaverde, DE Rob Burnett and WR Michael Jackson, who were in attendance at the March naming event, were the first players to model the Ravens' uniforms at the Inner Harbor Gallery Mall.
Relive the 2012 Super Bowl victory
The journey to Super Bowl XXXV
Learn about the latest players inducted into the Ring of Honor
A special tribute to Ray Lewis, including photos, videos and articles
A special tribute to Ed Reed, including photos, videos and articles
The franchise’s 1st overall pick is the lifelong Raven to go into Canton.
A special tribute to Art Modell, including photos, videos and articles | <urn:uuid:088a5fee-1292-4e44-b1e6-24b330a80b93> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.baltimoreravens.com/team/history/naming-baltimores-team.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00569-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973071 | 812 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Just wondering if there are many vegans or vegetarians out there in the Druid community. I've been a vegan for about 15 years, and a vegetarian a few years before that - more through personal inclination than purely ideological reasons. However it does seem in harmony with the Druidic reverence for all living things. So how about you? As a newcomer to Druidry I ask this purely out of interest rather than a mindset of what dietary lifestyle one should or shouldn't adopt.
Hey! This is kind of off topic but I need some help from an established blog.
Is it tough to set up your own blog? I'm not very techincal but I can figure things out
pretty quick. I'm thinking about making my own but I'm not sure where to begin.
Do you have any ideas or suggestions? Cheers
My web-site - dieting, Doretha,
Albion Druid "Celts did have dietary prohibitations from eating the meat of both the goose and the rabbit, perhaps because both these animals were considered sacred to the goddess."
I thought the romans introduced rabbits to Britain?
Not sure either about them solely being sacred to the Goddess, Which Goddesses are they sacred too?
There are references to the non-eating of poultry but I believe it's mainly to do with Gaul & at a guess I would imagine it would be local tabboos at specific times rather a complete cultural abstinance.
Hares have to stewed & re-cooked TBH otherwise even the most hardened carnivores like me struggle with the toughness of the meat. It's a lot of work & maybe the pragmatic Celts couldn't be bothered with the hard work
I enjoy every kind of food, including wild boar. It's most certainly THE food of the Gods IMHO.
Interesting topic this. I share Oak Kings views here, and yes I try
to eat a balanced diet keeping off red meat as much as I can and eat
veggies and salads. What is annoying is the tremendous waste our
western society creates. On the whole we eat far too much, are very often
overweight (I count myself in here) or at worst obese.
morality of killing and eating, well, its a part of our existence on
the material plane but it's the way we do it that speaks out. The
Native American peoples and other native peoples living close to the earth
have great reverence to the bison or deer they are about to hunt, kill
and eat, often involving much ritual and ceremony. Also nothing is
wasted, bones and hide have their uses. As a contrast to this is the
fast food beefburger that was bred in a factory farm or raised in
artificial tropical pastures created at the loss of vast tracts of
rainforest with no consideration at all for wildlife and driving many species to extinction. The loss of biodiversity due to these practices is
shameful in my opinion.
Our supermarket culture does not
help much in keeping waste down. Everything is double or triple
wrapped in non-biodegradble plastics and it is only recently that PET
plastics can be recycled. If we could only go back to returnable
bottles and recycled paper for paper bags, but that is said to be
Built-in obsolescence is another "capital sin" against the earth that creats even more waste and pollution. It is said that it keeps people in jobs (through consumerism) and we are just beginning to see the consequences of these attitudes. I remember that at one time you could take in a worn out car part for a factory reconditioned one, but gone are those days. Had to scrap awhole steering box beacuse of a non-replacable oil seal!
Sorry I've rambled on a bit, summing up I suppose the best Druidic approach to this is to eat a balanced diet (considering where the food came from - organic being the best choice) and to eat as low as you can on the food chain which is more efficient caloriewise.
Compost organic waste - this can be done in the smallest back yard and recycle as much as possible.
Actually it was hares that were mentioned. The source of this information comes from none other than good old Julius Caesar, who noted it in his journal that he kept on the Gallic Wars and his expedition to Britain:
'The mainland of Britain is inhabited by a people who claim to be indigenous to the island, but on the coast live the immigrant Belgae, who crossed over for war and pillage, but settled to cultivate the land. The population is very large; they have many houses rather like those in Gaul and large herds. They use bronze or gold coins or, as an alternative, iron rods of fixed weight. Tin is found inland and small quantities of iron near the coasts but they import their copper. Apart from the beech and fir, there are trees of every kind as in Gaul. They think it is wrong to eat hares or chickens or geese but they breed them as pets. As the cold is less severe, the climate is more temperate than in Gaul...Those living inland do not sow grain but live on milk and meat and wear clothes of animal hides. All Britons paint their skin with woad which makes them blue and more terrifying to confront in battle. They do not cut their hair but shave all the rest of the body except the head and upper lip.’
I was a vegetarian for a few years, due to how I felt about farming practices, but it wasnt right for me and it went right out the window when I got pregnant. I craved meat very strongly. I have vegetarian friends that are quite right wing, which I dont feel comfortable with either.
I personally have taken a stance, that if possible i shall eat free range, organic meat and put my money in the pocket of responsable farmers.
I think it is important to support and promote farming with a conscience as we will never get everyone to go Veggie.
I often hear people talking about not affording to eat free range. I am on a low income, I just choose to eat meat less often and make it better quality.
But that is just my opinion and I try to be quite low key about it.
The depth of a soul cannot be measured by what appears on the surface
So glad, pork is one of my favourite meats! I find it interesting that they didn't eat goose and rabbit - I wonder if the same applied to the Hare, which goes back a long way in the mythology of Wales in particular... I'm glad they didn't eat goose though as I rather like them - surprisingly intelligent birds.
Thanks for sharing!
While there is no historical basis for any association between Druids and vegetarianism, and at least one Druid ritual (the Tarb Feis) involves consuming beef, there is mention that the ancient Celts did have dietary prohibitations from eating the meat of both the goose and the rabbit, perhaps because both these animals were considered sacred to the goddess. We do know that the ancient Celts ate pork however, as pigs were considered a particular delicacy and were consumed at celebratory feasts, and several Celtic myths make reference to enchanted pigs which could be eaten but would magically reappear alive the next day so that they could be eaten again.
Well, as much as I hate waste, food from a bin is an absolut 'No,no' to me; never know how many hours its been in there, possibly in scourging sun, or how many rodents might be living in there. On the other hand, I am not ashamed to admit that in the past I have fished quite a few bargains out of skips at our local recycling site such as practically new carpets (off-cuts still big enough to fit in the back of our van or a small room) and book shelves. My biggest find though was an admittedly oldfashioned but very large wardrobe that I spotted on someone else's trailer and got to it even before it ended up in the skip. Unfortunately it is now against the law to remove items from skips and the people working there seem to keep an eye on them even though they only go to landfill - absolut crazy!!!
Greetings from a rather wet Wales,
Remember what you already know!
Thanks Oak King and Astrocelt for putting this topic into a much wider perspective than is normally available in the usual either/or arguments. You've also extended my knowledge of druidic philosophy, beliefs and wisdom (with its refreshing absence of dogma).
Yes, it all comes down to personal choice. I like my coffee of a morning, and will go on drinking it despite what all the coffee-wowsers say about it being bad for you. Thankfully that's my only addiction, apart from learning!
This practice - known here as 'skip-dipping' - attracted some media attention in Australia a couple of years back - your above posting reminded me of it. The practice is not limited to food and can include all sorts of potentially useful household items. The Australia Institute, a social and environmental issues think-tank, even published a web paper on the subject - I remember reading it at the time. If you're so inclined, here is a link to this empirical piece of research:
To answer your question: to me personally it seems all too much of an effort. I can think of far less hazardous ways of being frugal and saving money (eg. buying clothes from op shops). Probably the closest I've ever come to salvaging anything useful from a waste dump was to rescue an antique dictionary from the paper recycling box at the aged care home my (now departed) mother was in. It was in pretty poor shape but I recently had it rebound and have added it to my vast collection of books on words and language.
Hope your father-in-law is ok by the way, Oak King.
When recently I had to undertake another trip to a day hopital with my elderly father-in-law I spent some of the waiting time glancing through one of those weekend additions of one the British newspapers and came accross an article on 'freeganism', somthing else that swapped over from America where it seems to have a considerable following. What it means is that an increasing number of people does not shop for food in their supermarket but rumages through the waste bins outside the store to fish out still edible goods. Though greeted by rathter unpleasant smells on opening the lid, at the top of all that waste they tend to find remarkable amounts of foods with a use by/sell by date of that day and so in theory still fit for consumption. The people mentioned say they easily save £30 to £40 a week on their food bills and show no negative effects on their health. Having decent jobs with an appropriate income they all could afford to buy in-store but it is their conviction in the face of soo much food waste, day after day, that they should do something in trying to reduce it. Apparently, the Portsmouth supermarket in question recently started locking its bins so that these freegans had to find another one further afield.
What do you think about freeganism? Would you feed yourself from these free finds or even offer it to your family and friends?
Godd luck rumaging,
When, as a child, Gillian (my partner, btw) and her mother spend periods of time in Ceylon (sorry Sri Lanka) they used to stay with Buddhist friends who in fact ate meat, once a month! According to them certain amino-acids vital to the body can only be found in meat.
Closer to home I have come accross the opinion that the diet best for you is determined by your blood type; some apparently DO need meat while others can do very well without.
What I have noticed myself though is that, while many vegetarians do eat a healthy, wholesome and truly satisfying diet, some others seem to equate vegetarianism with eating 'bugger all'. Even here in our village I know a couple of them who look so thin, pale and downright sickly that one must fear for their wellbeing. Whether they simply not know or weren't being taught by their mothers how to cook a descent meal or whether they just can't be 'bovvered', I daren't say. (Perhaps their blood type says they should eat meat, at least occasionally?) Good vegatarian food is not a myth though - it DOES exist!!
Happy autumn days,
Interesting topic, the concept of vegetarianism has been associated within the revival of druidry for some time. I have always been fascinated where its roots lie historically in relation to this, but have found little evidence which may support the notion to the period concerned at present. One has to travel much further back to the early Medieval Period (also known as the Dark Ages), and to Ireland to find any connecting links.
These are associated with the Céli dé – ‘Clients of god' also known as the Culdee's. Overall this is a home grown religious and monastic movement which developed in the 6th century. One suspect the associations of Druids with the early evangelisation process is relative here. St Columba has been associated with its formation from Iona together with others. The Céli dé are a hermetic in nature both individually and as a group, within the documentation one can locate the absence of meat in there orders dietary requirements. Meat is only consumed once a year on the calendar; the remaining year vegetarian eating is observed. Indeed one might ask the question of whether this was undertaken through there ‘reverence of the land’, or for other reasons, such as becoming closer to their deity, could remain unanswered.
For myself within the 21st century I eat both, however it comes down to personal choice and what one is comfortable with eating, to replenish the fuel in which the body functions on.
A considered and well-founded response, Oak King. Food for thought, as it were. On reflection, after my previous posting, I felt I had probably used the term "all living things" too narrowly in that context. I then thought "how about all sentient beings" but realised that too could be problematic. One of the reasons I tend to stay away from vegan groups is the piety and judgement that prevails, particularly when asked why I'm vegan and I say "personal preference" (rather than animal rights or whatever). On the other hand I'll get non-vegos asking me "but what about carrots", etc. (They do have a point!) If we avoided everything that is imbued with spirit we would all be breatharians, and then probably derided for being oxygen thieves! My general view therefore is to eat, sleep, work and play in a way that works best for the indvidual's physiological and spiritual needs, but be environmentally sensitive about it (ie. choose organic wherever possible, reduce the ecological footprint, etc).
I too have an interest in Theosophy, so will follow up on the seven life weaves on the Earth that you mention.The learning continues!
Excellent thread this, very worthwile discussing as it tells us a great deal not just about a Druid's but anyone's view of the world. Sorry to say that I, for one, still do eat meat, though he balance of my (and my family's) diet has shifted more towards vegetarian food over the past few years. You mention reverence for all living things, but then, what counts as a 'living thing'? I can't speak for all druids, of course, but to me literally anything and everything is imbued with spirit and therefore living, including even the rocks and minerals! In this matter I follow the ancient wisdom teaching that in our time is relayed to us by Theosophy which speaks of the 7 life weaves on the Earth - 3 etheric ones, then the mineral kingdom, the plant kingdom, the animal and finally human kingdom. Should we condemn the plants for absorbing minerals for their growth or the animals for consuming plants or even other animals in order to survive? The cabbage we chop off and eat in the summer, at the hight of its growth, we took months to tenderly grow in the spring. We humans take it upon ourselves to decide when it is the time to sever the umbilical cord that connects any plant or any animal to its roots, i.e. to the land. That is the concept of sovereignty - the connection to the land - but with sovereignty comes responsibilty, not just for one's family, tribe and people but also for the supposedly 'lesser' beings. Sovereignty is service, service to the land and ALL its inhabitants!
Sorry for rambling on but what I mean to say is that, in my minds eye, everything on Earth has a role to fulfil, even if 'only' to become a source of nutrition. I have no problem with eating meat as such but what concerns me is how animals (and plants!) are treated prior to their consumption. And yes, from THAT point of view I feel we all should abstain from consuming industrially reared animals (and plants!) until the the day they are given the reverence they deserve, both whilst rooted in the land and landing on our dinner plates. This, of course, has practical implications (and more so, complications) and somehow we all end up having to make concessions somewhere along the line for a whole host of reasons that I won't even start to discuss her just now. Best we can do is to minimise our use of (any) non-organically grown food and work to the best of our abilities - on our own and/or as part of a charitable organisation - to achieve changes in how our food is produced!
Enjoy yor meals, | <urn:uuid:94be6497-6886-41ba-a82d-33dcee728b62> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.druidicdawn.org/node/1118 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00523-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.97454 | 3,694 | 1.695313 | 2 |
The Gretel and Gordon Bootes Medical Research and Education Foundation has donated $55,983 to fund five research projects proposed by researchers at John Curtin School of Medical Research.
Dianne Garner, Director of the Foundation, attended the School to announce and meet with the successful applicants and their collaborators on 20 July 2021.
The successful recipients and their projects are:
- Daniel Enosi Tuipulotu: “Killer peptides” – a silver bullet for the treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacteria
- Rebecca Buckland: Α-synuclein-induced immune activation: a potential cause for Parkinson’s disease?
- Navneet Singh: Targeting a cellular regulation pathway to treat latent HSV infection
- Anthony Newman: Engineering Cas9 gene editors to cure type-I Neurofibromatosis
- Pablo Acera Mateos: Dissecting the role of RNA modifications in onco-ribosomes to inform new anti-cancer therapies
L-R: Navneet Singh, Daniel Enosi Tuipulotu, Rebecca Buckland, Anthony Newman, Pablo Acera Mateos, Graham Mann
In the past few years, the Foundation has continued its support to researchers at the John Curtin School of Medical Research to assist with research.
The support is two-fold. On the one hand, the grant helps to make it possible for the researchers to put their ideas to the test.
“This grant will allow us to perform key experiments of our research,” said Pablo from the Eyras Group, who wrote his first scientific grant and succeeded.
“This is an immense aid in difficult and uncertain times when science is needed more than ever,” he remarked.
On the other hand, the grant program gives the emerging researchers an early taste of grant-writing—a critical communication skill for research scientists.
“As I understand it, PhD students aren’t generally expected to write grants for funding,” said Anthony, A PhD Student from the Burgio Group, “The Foundation grant was a great way for me to practice the art of grant-writing and gain some valuable career experience!”
“Communicating the research project in non-scientific, simple terms was a valuable experience for me,” echoed Navneet from Tscharke Group.
“Being the first successful grant, it is a boost to my career,” Navneet said. | <urn:uuid:43c4fb1a-7739-4b98-b84b-40e5c94ec654> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jcsmr.anu.edu.au/news-events/news/bootes-foundation-grant-boosts-research-careers | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.920115 | 510 | 1.640625 | 2 |
Browsing Masteruppsatser / Institutionen för ekonomi och samhälle, avdelningen för kulturgeografi (2013-) by Subject "accessibility strategies"
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Accessibility strategies beyond private, motorized automobility – informing sustainability? A study of carless families with young children in Gothenburg (2017-08-16)In the face of major sustainability challenges posed by social exclusion and ecologic degradation there is a pressing need to change mobility practices as well as the physical structures that condition mobility. The ... | <urn:uuid:acfa552b-e78f-467c-b1f9-b76b92c4eb2c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gupea.ub.gu.se/handle/2077/31776/browse?type=subject&value=accessibility+strategies | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.652224 | 131 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Alcoholic Beverages Policy
This policy is designed to implement the provisions of Section 5–62 of the Champaign Municipal Code, 1985, as amended, which allows alcoholic beverages in the Champaign Public Library‘s Main Library and Douglass Branch Library, effective February 10, 1999.
Alcoholic Beverages Defined
For the purposes of this policy, the term “alcoholic beverages“ is defined as any intoxicating (or hard) liquors or beverages made by distillation or fermentation, or both, including, but not limited to, any spirituous or vinous beverages, alcoholic liquors, beer, hard ciders, or liqueurs.
Possession of Alcoholic Beverages
Except as permitted in this policy, no person shall sell, deliver, possess, or consume any alcoholic beverages on any property or in any facility under the jurisdiction of the Board of Trustees of the Champaign Public Library. Any person violating the provisions of this policy is subject to prosecution under the laws of the State of Illinois and the City of Champaign.
The sale, delivery, possession, or consumption (“use“) of alcoholic beverages is permitted upon the following conditions:
- Such use shall be permitted only within the Main Library or the Douglass Branch Library.
- Such use shall be limited to special events or occasions sponsored by the Champaign Public Library or the Champaign Public Library Foundation, and then only with the express permission of the Board of Trustees by resolution. Such resolution shall include the hours during which alcoholic beverages will be used, the class of alcoholic beverages (beer, wine, liquor, etc.) that will be used, and whether the alcoholic beverages may be sold (e.g., a cash bar) or served.
- The use of alcoholic beverages by minors is prohibited.
- “Host Liquor Liability Insurance“ or “Dram Shop Insurance,” whichever is appropriate, shall be secured prior to the event, and an acceptable certificate of insurance shall provide insurance coverage to the applicant, naming the Champaign Public Library and the City of Champaign as additional insureds. The minimum acceptable policy is $1,000,000 combined single limit liability.
- A temporary liquor license from the City of Champaign shall be secured prior to the event. The appropriate permit is a T-4 license, which is specifically designed to be issued for use in the facilities named in Section 5–62 of the Champaign Municipal Code, 1985, as amended.
However, the Board of Trustees or the Library Director may withdraw permission for good cause.
Administrative Rules and Regulations. The Library Director may establish administrative rules and regulations regarding the use of alcoholic beverages in library facilities.
Reviewed and approved by the Board of Trustees on August 21, 2014 | <urn:uuid:3b511c73-fea3-4c11-8d7a-dd186336b881> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://champaign.org/about_us/policies/alcoholic_beverages | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719155.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00333-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.924728 | 573 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Well, as most of you know by now, Big Bird is on lock-down. That’s right, Sesame Street’s new “Little Children, Big Challenges” educational kit provides parents resources to help children cope with the incarceration of a parent.
This is both bold and timely, given the close to 2.7 million children who currently have a parent in prison, and the disproportionate number of African Americans who contribute to those numbers.
Sounds like a positive program.
Well not so fast say some people who argue that this effort promotes the ‘normalcy of having a parent in jail’ and therefore could send the wrong message to the same disadvantaged populations it is trying to help.
In other words, focusing too much attention on this harsh reality may, according to some, actually encourage it.
So I guess the question is whether Big Bird is helping or hurting?
One thing is for sure, the problem is here – whether we choose to address it or not 2.7 million children are affected by either mommy or daddy not being present in their daily lives because of incarceration, and this is a challenge.
Such questions and tensions over whether an alleged remedy is part of the problem are far from new. Just think about the traditional debate regarding sex education for teens and whether it actually deters pregnancies or promotes sex.
And once politics and ideologies get involved, these debates often become less sincere.
That said, to my thinking, it basically boils down to this fundamental question: Is the cost of not doing anything greater than the potential pitfalls of doing something…?
You see, once you put it in those terms, the answer becomes clearer. We’ll have to wait and see how he handles the issue, but I’d much rather have Big Bird guiding parents on how to address the emotional needs of children than Big Ostrich sticking his head in the sand and acting like the problem doesn’t exist.
Yes these issues are complex, and an appropriate solution is needed but we certainly can’t do nothing and magically expect the problem to go away.
I’ll leave you with this from anthropologist and author Margaret Mead:
“The solution to adult problems tomorrow depends on large measure upon how our children grow up today.” | <urn:uuid:fa2b8bd9-3510-461f-af79-95b8e4dac77f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://blackamericaweb.com/2013/06/20/3-hots-a-tot/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00163-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954775 | 472 | 2.21875 | 2 |
Kellyanne Conway’s husband says Trump’s move to end birthright citizenship is ‘unconstitutional’October 31, 2018
“Our Constitution is a bipartisan document, designed to endure for ages. Its words have meaning that cannot be wished away.”
So concludes a Washington Post op-ed arguing that U.S. President Donald Trump doesn’t have the power to end birthright citizenship for unauthorized immigrants — even if he said he does.
The op-ed was written by two people: one of them Neal Katyal, the liberal former acting U.S. solicitor general during the Obama administration.
The other was George Conway III, a conservative lawyer with New York firm Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen and Katz.
He’s also husband to Kellyanne Conway, a counselor to the president.
Trump announced in a Tuesday interview for Axios on HBO his plan to end birthright citizenship for offspring of unauthorized immigrants and non-citizens.
Birthright citizenship is enshrined in the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which states, “all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside.”
Trump said people have told him that he can achieve this through an executive order.
U.S. President Donald J. Trump speaks to the media before meeting with senior military advisors in the Cabinet Room of the White House in Washington, DC, USA, 23 October 2018.
Whoever told him that is wrong, Conway and Katyal argued in the Post.
The authors explained that birthright citizenship emerged out of the “worst Supreme Court decision in U.S. history”: the 1857 Dred Scott v. Sandford decision, which said the children of slaves could not become U.S. citizens.
That decision is believed to have helped create conditions that led to the American Civil War.
Legislators drafted the 14th Amendment after the war was over, the authors explained.
Citizenship by birth was later affirmed in United States v. Wong Kim Ark, a Supreme Court decision from 1898.
That decision stated as follows:
“All children here born of resident aliens, with the exceptions or qualifications (as old as the rule itself) of children of foreign sovereigns or their ministers, or born on foreign public ships, or of enemies within and curing a hostile occupation of part of our territory, and with the single additional exception of children of members of Indian tribes owing direct allegiance to their several tribes.”
Conway and Katyal went on to say that even more conservative members of the Supreme Court bench would likely shoot down any attempt to do away with birthright citizenship in this way.
“The president promised to put justices on the Supreme Court in the mold of the late Antonin Scalia,” they wrote.
“But we have no doubt what Scalia — who preached adherence to the text of the Constitution and the laws of the United States in light of their original meaning — would think about this proposal.
“To say that he would have declared it dead on arrival would be an understatement.”
The authors weren’t alone in saying that Trump would have a difficult time ending birthright citizenship for unauthorized immigrants.
The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) said the president “cannot erase the Constitution with an executive order, and the 14th Amendment’s citizenship guarantee is clear.”
Meanwhile, U.S. House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi said Trump’s claim that he can end a constitutional guarantee “shows Republicans’ spiralling desperation to distract from their assault on Medicare, Medicaid and people with pre-existing conditions.”
Ultimately, Conway and Katyal argued that the 14th Amendment is about “bridging the Declaration of Independence’s promise that ‘all men are created equal’ with a constitutional commitment that all those born in the United States share in that equality.”
Source: Read Full Article | <urn:uuid:96b09240-279f-4026-8699-c3ac0ad48f1d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://newsontheflipside.com/politics/kellyanne-conways-husband-says-trumps-move-to-end-birthright-citizenship-is-unconstitutional/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00679.warc.gz | en | 0.965277 | 847 | 1.90625 | 2 |
Given country demands for support in the training of community health workers (CHWs) to accelerate progress towards reaching the Millennium Development Goals in sexual and reproductive health and maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health (SR/MNCAH), the United Nations Health Agencies conducted a synthesis of existing training resource packages for CHWs in different components of SR/MNCAH to identify gaps and opportunities and inform efforts to harmonize approaches to developing the capacity of CHWs.
A mapping of training resource packages for CHWs was undertaken with documents retrieved online and from key informants. Materials were classified by health themes and analysed using agreed parameters. Ways forward were informed by a subsequent expert consultation.
We identified 31 relevant packages. They covered different components of the SR/MNCAH continuum in varying breadth (integrated packages) and depth (focused packages), including family planning, antenatal and childbirth care (mainly postpartum haemorrhage), newborn care, and childhood care, and HIV. There is no or limited coverage of interventions related to safe abortion, adolescent health, and gender-based violence. There is no training package addressing the range of evidence-based interventions that can be delivered by CHWs as per World Health Organization guidance. Gaps include weakness in the assessment of competencies of trainees, in supportive supervision, and in impact assessment of packages. Many packages represent individual programme efforts rather than national programme materials, which could reflect weak integration into national health systems.
There is a wealth of training packages on SR/MNCAH for CHWs which reflects interest in strengthening the capacity of CHWs. This offers an opportunity for governments and partners to mount a synergistic response to address the gaps and ensure an evidence-based comprehensive package of interventions to be delivered by CHWs. Packages with defined competencies and methods for assessing competencies and supervision are considered best practices but remain a gap.
Citation: Tran NT, Portela A, de Bernis L, Beek K (2014) Developing Capacities of Community Health Workers in Sexual and Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child, and Adolescent Health: A Mapping and Review of Training Resources. PLoS ONE 9(4): e94948. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0094948
Editor: Eliana Jimenez-Soto, School of Population Health, The University of Queensland, Australia
Received: December 5, 2013; Accepted: March 20, 2014; Published: April 15, 2014
Copyright: © 2014 Tran et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Funding: This study was made possible thanks to the funding from the Canadian grant to the United Nations Health Agencies (H4+). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
In countries where Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 4, 5 and 6 are most lagging, there is a need to accelerate progress to improve the health of women and children and address the unmet needs for sexual and reproductive health, and maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health (SR/MNCAH) of the larger community . This requires investment in and strengthening of national health systems, especially in underserved and hard-to-reach areas , . The crisis in human resources for health is one of the most critical factors underlying the poor performance of health systems in resource-constrained settings , . This crisis hinders the equitably-distributed delivery of effective interventions for SR/MNCAH and other priority health issues–an estimated 4.3 million health workers are needed to fill the gap in 57 countries in Africa and Asia .
Community health workers (CHWs) have been described as lay people who live in the communities where they work and function as a critical link between these communities and the primary health care system . For decades, they have been recognized as playing an important role in connecting women, families, and communities to health services, and in contributing to improvements in the health of mothers, newborns and children –. CHWs can be providers of health promotion and preventive care and also increasingly of curative care, thanks to new rapid diagnostic tests, simplified treatment protocols, and mobile health technologies and support systems . As such, a CHW is defined by WHO as any health worker who performs functions related to health-care delivery; was trained in some way in the context of the intervention; but has received no formal professional or paraprofessional or tertiary education, should be members of the communities where they work, be selected by the communities, be answerable to the communities for their activities and should be supported by the health system . The broad application and divergence of this definition at country level as to who is a CHW and what tasks they undertake is noted. It is recognized that several countries have a formal cadre of health workers who do not fall into this of CHW, such as Health Extension Workers in Ethiopia, or “community health workers” in Papua New Guinea, as they receive longer and more comprehensive training and can perform higher-level tasks.
Government institutions, United Nations agencies, and global partners have been repositioning the role that CHWs can play in increasing access to essential quality health services –. However, CHWs are not the answer to weak health systems. Numerous CHW programmes have failed in the past because of unrealistic expectations, poor planning and underestimation of resources required to make these programmes work . Other CHW programmes have been designed to address very narrow and specific needs, often without taking into account the potential of CHWs in SR/MNCAH, and probably to meet the demands of specific projects and partner interests. Often the role of the CHWs is not well-defined and the supporting policies and strategies are not promoted. Due to these factors, CHW programmes have suffered from poor integration into the broader health system. In conjunction with the work of other health cadres, and when deployed within the context of an appropriately financed and organized primary health care system, CHWs can contribute to improving the coverage of essential SR/MNCAH interventions , .
Over the preceding decade, some countries, UN agencies and partners had embarked on designing and implementing training packages for CHWs for various SR/MNCAH topics, such as home- and community-based newborn and child care –. However recently, in response to the growing body of evidence on the potential role and effectiveness of CHWs, the World Health Organization (WHO) and partners have published global recommendations on task-shifting and evidence-based interventions that CHWs can undertake in the different areas of SR/MNCAH –.
Before embarking on the elaboration of additional CHW training curricula on SR/MNCAH as requested by countries, UN agencies and partners felt it was necessary to take stock of existing training tools. A few CHW training resource packages had been independently assessed within their respective projects, but there has not been a global mapping and review of existing training resources packages for CHWs on SR/MNCAH. This paper aims to identify, organize and provide a synthesis of existing training resource materials for CHWs in different components of SR/MNCAH and to determine gaps and opportunities and inform efforts to avoid duplication and harmonize approaches to training CHWs in SR/MNCAH.
Materials and Methods
From October to December 2012, training resource packages were sourced using two different approaches. In the first search strategy, primary key informants from United Nations agencies, NGOs, academic institutions and other partners were contacted by email. They were informed about the objective of the mapping and asked to share training resource materials for CHWs on SR/MNCAH and snowball this request to secondary key informants. Semi-structured interviews were conducted face-to-face or via teleconference with key informants when required to clarify information. An online search was also conducted through targeted (POPLINE, MEDLINE) and general (Google, GoogleScholar) search engines (see Figure 1).
Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
Training resource packages targeting CHWs and including both job aids and a training guide on topics related to SR/MNCAH, including HIV, adolescent SRH and gender-based violence, were retained. The following were not included in the analysis: job aid alone, policy guidance alone, programme manager guide alone, materials on community-based activities not related to CHW training. Relevant materials in English, French, and Spanish produced in or after 2000 were included.
Quality Review, Data Abstraction and Synthesis
The materials were classified according to the SR/MNCAH continuum of care as defined by WHO (see Figure 2). Information was extracted from the selected training packages as per the following areas: purpose, description, scope and training methodology of the tool; integration of the tool in countries and health systems; strengths and limitations. To assess the strengths and limitations of the tools, the following questions were applied: 1) Did the interventions of the training package match the home/community interventions recommended by WHO? ; and 2) Did the training package use: role- and context-specific contents, competency- and practice-based training, supportive supervision, continuing and refresher training, sound training and pedagogy including pre-training, training and post-training steps, inclusion of job aids, and integration of acquired skills into the overall CHW role? Two reviewers carried out the quality review, data abstraction and synthesis of materials and cross-checked their findings. When feasible, the results were verified with the authors or relevant authoring agencies.
The results of the mapping exercise were presented during a technical consultation on CHWs and SR/MNCAH organized by WHO and the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) on behalf of the UN H4+ (the United Nations health-related agencies in SR/MNCAH: UNAIDS, UNFPA, UNICEF, UN Women, WHO, and the World Bank). The meeting was held in Geneva in February 2013 and brought together 32 participants from nine countries, including technical experts and programme managers from UN agencies, academic institutions, and government and non-governmental organizations. The reflections, discussions and consensus from the consultation inform the discussion section of this article. The detailed mapping and meeting report are available from the WHO Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health – firstname.lastname@example.org.
We contacted 86 primary key informants and 33 secondary key informants, of which 79 (66%) answered. We identified 52 training resource packages of which 31 were considered relevant. Based on the health area, the materials were divided into integrated and focused packages. Integrated packages were defined as materials dealing with two of more health areas along the SR/MNCAH continuum, while focused packages mainly dealt with a single health area. Figure 3 shows the distribution of the training resource packages by breadth and depth of coverage of the SR/MNCAH continuum. Table 1 provides the list of training resource packages on SR/MNCAH for CHWs that were included in the mapping.c
By breadth (x axis) and depth (y axis) of coverage along the continuum of sexual and reproductive health and maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health continuum (n = number of packages). Acronyms: ASRH: adolescent sexual and reproductive health, FP: family planning, GBV: gender-based violence, MNCH: maternal, newborn and child health, NB: newborn, PPFP: postpartum family planning, PPH: postpartum haemorrhage, RTI: reproductive tract infection, SAC: safe abortion care, STI: sexually transmitted infection.
Coverage of the SR/MNCAH Continuum
Integrated training resource packages were identified; 11 in total. They were all produced by partners, seven of which were developed at country level –. They mostly address the continuum of care of maternal, newborn and child health, with some including other components, such as sexually transmitted or reproductive tract infections, and HIV. Interventions in maternal health included the following components: recognition of pregnancy danger signs and referral; promotion of use of skilled attendant during pregnancy, birth and after birth; and promotion of adequate nutrition, iron and folate supplements, tetanus toxoid immunization, deworming, malaria prevention and intermittent preventive treatment, and post-partum family planning. Interventions for newborn care included, among others, post natal care visits in the first week after birth and the promotion and support for key newborn care practices including postnatal check-ups, exclusive breastfeeding, recognition of danger signs and timely care-seeking, immunization, and infection prevention (e.g. hand-washing with soap, cord care). As for child health interventions, they often covered the following topics: identification and referral of children with signs of severe illness including fever, diarrhea, and malnutrition; promotion of immunization and proper nutrition for the child’s age. At the global level, the UN H4+ agencies do not have an integrated package, and have concentrated on producing focused packages.
Family planning. Some of the integrated packages covered the promotion of family planning for birth spacing and healthy timing of pregnancy. Partners designed five family planning training resource packages on very focused topics, such as injectable contraceptives , postpartum family planning , , CycleBeads , or linking family planning and environmental sustainability .
Maternal health care. Promotion of use of skilled care during pregnancy care, childbirth and after birth was the main intervention addressed in the integrated packages. Partners also produced two focused training packages addressing postpartum haemorrhage prevention , .
Newborn, infancy, childhood care. UN H4+ agencies developed six training packages on newborn, infant and childhood care –, while partners produced two , . This is the area in CHW training where WHO and UNICEF have invested the most; WHO and UNICEF are in the process of finalizing an additional training package for community health workers to counsel caregivers on healthy growth and development, focusing on playing and communicating with the child.
HIV. UNAIDS and collaborating institutions developed a training package on HIV prevention, treatment, care and support for community volunteers (and not specifically targeting CHWs) , while partners developed three –.
GBV. Partners produced one training package on the prevention of domestic violence through a process of change in the community, although it targets community activists rather than CHWs .
Other. Other areas were often included, particularly in country-based training packages, reflecting local public health priorities and important skills necessary for CHWs to perform their SR/MNCAH tasks, including interpersonal skills (across most curricula), record keeping (strong emphasis in many curricula), community mobilization (several curricula), integration of water sanitation and hygiene (WASH) with HIV in Kenya and Ethiopia , , treating minor ailments in the community in India (to increase acceptability of CHWs by the community), CHW self-care and wellbeing , first aid, waste disposal, food packages and others .
Summary. Both integrated and focused training packages often did not address all SR/MNCAH interventions recommended at community or home level in the UN H4+ packages of interventions (see Box 1) . The search did not yield training resource packages for CHWs focusing on the specific areas of promotion of safe abortion-related services, GBV-related interventions, and adolescent SRH, although the promotion of safe abortion-related services (to the full extent of the law) and GBV-related interventions are part of WHO guidance . As previously mentioned, the package dealing with GBV does not specifically target CHWs but community activists.
Among the parameters used to review the different training resource packages, assessment of competencies and training follow-up and supervision showed some noticeable gaps:
Assessment of competencies.
Competency is the successful demonstration of essential knowledge, skills, attitudes and professional behaviour on a specific task, action or function in the work setting . While a majority of curricula are described as competency-based, assessment of the CHW trainees’ competencies is only applied in half (n = 16) of the identified training packages. The packages that do not carry out competency-based assessment usually apply pre- and post-testing of knowledge, which does not necessarily reflect the trainee’s competency .
Training methodology, follow-up and supervision.
Most curricula indicate that they use adult learning principles in their training methodology. This is operationalized by using participatory, interactive and iterative methods. Many training courses concentrate on demonstration and practice with job aids, first in the classroom, then in households. Some materials cater to CHWs with no or very low literacy by using illustrated materials and focusing on practice with job aids and verification of memory . However, capacity development is a continuous process of strengthening knowledge and skills and requires follow-up and supportive supervision of trainees, among other conditions, well beyond the actual training session . This is not mentioned in more than a third (n = 12) of the training resource packages. Among the packages that mention its importance (n = 21), two thirds (n = 14) provide detailed recommendations on carrying out follow up and supportive supervision activities. Nevertheless, much of the supervision elements in these materials is focused more on the collection and analysis of data, and less on quality of care assurance, performance evaluation and feedback, and integration of existing community structures to oversee the activities of CHWs. A few packages have produced a more comprehensive CHW supervision manual , , .
Training course assessment.
Information on whether the training course was evaluated was difficult to obtain, as it was not mentioned in the training resource packages, and follow up with the authoring agencies was challenging given the relatively short mapping time period. Further follow up is required. Information on training course assessment was obtained for slightly more than half (n = 18) of the training packages and indicate a wide range of breadth and depth in assessment. Some packages are currently undergoing evaluation , while others did not have the resources to undertake an evaluation process , although adaptation and implementation took place in several countries (personal communication). A few were thoroughly evaluated, such as the ACCESS Program on postpartum family planning package , which shows impact 12 to 18 months afterwards with increased postpartum family planning contraceptive prevalence rate, as well as increased use of antenatal care and skilled attendant at birth, however documentation was not available (personal communication).
Selection criteria of CHWs.
The majority of training resource packages recommends the enrolment of trainees who have at least a basic degree of literacy equivalent to a 6th grade primary school level. Higher literacy was regarded as particularly important if CHWs are to undertake more complex tasks, such as the distribution of Misoprostol in the context of postpartum haemorrhage prevention , or home-based clinical interventions for the sick child . But as mentioned, several materials also cater to non-literate trainees, and usually provide illustrated materials, including reporting charts , and a strong focus on practice with job aids and verification of memory. Ideally, the trainee must come from the local community, and be “respected, creative, hardworking and responsible” , lead by example, and be willing to work for a period of at least five years. Preference is given to women in certain programmes.
Duration of the training course.
Duration can span from two to three hours for CycleBeads to a year in Ethiopia’s extension worker programme , or even two years in Papua New Guinea’s CHW programme . Note that the Ethiopia and Papua New Guinea curricula are intended for more advanced community-based service providers with service delivery skills equivalent to those of an auxiliary nurse. In general, the majority of training courses last between three to five days, for either focused or integrated packages. Some curricula are delivered in several phases and include month-long practice intervals between classroom sessions , .
Integration into national health system.
It was difficult to obtain information with regard to the integration of the training packages and of the trained CHWs into national health systems as the information is not readily available in the training resource packages and was challenging to obtain through follow up with authoring agencies. More than half of the packages identified (55%) were global or regional generic materials; 45% were national materials which may give some indication of lack of integration or reflect the limitations of the search. Only one package provided a separate accompanying resource to guide country level integration .
Cost of training.
The cost was either unknown for a majority of packages or when known, varied depending on the setting where the training course took place. In other words, they did not provide a standard estimated cost.
The research yielded a fair number of existing training resource materials that were useful to inform a qualitative analysis of the situation regarding training CHWs in SR/MNCAH. The identification of these materials faced several constraints, including a relatively short timeframe to follow up with key informants and the inclusion of only materials made publicly available, although organizations might have valuable training packages that are not in the public domain. The search also concentrated on the SRH aspect of adolescent health and did not search for other terminology, such as peer-to-peer educators, which may be particular to adolescent programmes. In spite of the limitations, the study manages to provide an illustration of existing training materials and an analysis of gaps and opportunities for the field:
Technical Gaps from Existing Tools
Overall there is a large number of training resource packages for CHWs on different components of SR/MNCAH. Many are overlapping but some also integrate other topics that are relevant to a particular context, such as linking family planning with environmental sustainability in the Philippines or WASH with HIV in Kenya and Ethiopia. The majority of these packages were developed by the UN H4+ and partners over the past decade, many before recommendations were issued on evidence-based interventions for CHWs. Based on the most recent WHO/UN H4+ guidance , several key interventions were found to be missing, for example, informing about the availability of pregnancy detection and safe abortion services, and education on the consequences of unsafe abortion; recognition of postpartum blues/depression and referral; promotion and support for birth registration; or promotion and support for child stimulation and play. These could be addressed in the revision of existing training packages or the crafting of new ones, according to country needs. Importantly, no integrated or focused training resource package addresses all the WHO/UN H4+ recommended core interventions to be delivered by CHWs. Attention needs to be given to regularly updating and aligning the technical contents of the packages with global guidance, especially in rapidly evolving areas, such as HIV . In addition, some of the topics covered by the training packages may not have a sufficient evidence base to be recommended for scale up and need to be considered only in the context of rigorous research/documented supervision (e.g. insertion of contraceptive implants by CHWs), or with targeted monitoring and evaluation (e.g. initiation and maintenance of injectable contraceptives by CHWs) .
No published training resource package for CHWs dedicated to adolescent SRH, safe abortion, and GBV were identified, although community-based interventions for the promotion of safe abortion-related services (to the full extent of the law) and elements of GBV activities are part of the WHO/UN H4+ recommendations. These topics are sensitive, and perhaps even more so where CHWs come from the same local communities as the persons concerned. This raises the question of whether CHWs can effectively include sensitive and potentially stigmatising topics, such as adolescent SRH and GBV, into their household visits. Due to the public health importance of these topics, another way to support CHWs in these areas of work would be to ensure that they mobilize the communities and raise their awareness, instead of dealing with these sensitive topics at the household level. However, in case a woman spontaneously discloses violence, CHWs should at least have the skills to listen carefully and empathetically, be non-judgmental and supportive, and help her access information about resources and services if these are available . Lessons learnt could be drawn from the HIV field where stigma and discrimination are also impediment to prevention, treatment, care and support interventions , . This calls for further implementation research.
Impact of Training
The relatively short time frame limited the follow up with key informants, authors or authoring agencies. Further effort would be required to determine the overall impact of training resource packages. In this regard, evaluation of training programmes for CHWs is an area with limited published research and many agencies did not have evaluation reports readily available. There is a need to define agreed indicators to help programmes monitor and evaluate their trainings in the medium to longer term, including impact evaluation. But this is an area that is not exclusive to CHW training as it relates to training health workers in general .
Health System and Programmatic Considerations
Beyond the clinical contents, other gaps that have emerged from the review of the training resource packages have to be addressed. These gaps are reflected in recently published literature on CHWs and include the lack of high standard guidelines for the supervision and quality assurance of CHW activities, the weak integration of CHWs into the community health system, and cross-sectoral integration of CHWs as part of the overall health system strengthening. These gaps reflect the critical importance of embedding CHW training initiatives into wider programmatic and health system strengthening considerations, including ensuring an enabling policy environment, establishing clear linkages to other levels of care and health professionals, and ensuring that they are equipped with appropriate supplies and materials, supported, remunerated, motivated, and supervised.
Important questions still need to be answered to inform programmes and policies. Some questions are specific to SR/MNCAH, such as the role of CHWs in maternal and perinatal death surveillance and response . Other questions are not specific to SR/MNCAH and include CHW programme cost, the use of mobile technologies in CHW interventions, most equitable and cost-effective ways to reach populations living in remote areas, or the optimal number and distribution of CHWs in different populations, including in hard-to-reach settings.
Taking into account the wealth of available training packages, identified gaps, programmatic and health system considerations, as well as the diverse needs of countries and programmes, three different but complementary deliverables could be considered for development at the global level to support countries and partners implement an effective and harmonized approach to training CHWs on SR/MNCAH. Any material would need to be adapted to the context.
1. Orientation material.
This material would support district health management teams and programme managers to consider key programmatic and health system considerations to not only implement the core training resource package and additional modules described above, but also effectively put in place and improve CHW programmes on SR/MNCAH as part of a health system strengthening approach. The contents of this orientation material would cover guiding principles in implementing CHW trainings and programmes (see Box 1).
2. Core training resource package.
This material would target facilitators and CHW trainees and would therefore be packaged into a facilitator’s guide and participant’s manual. It would be intended to streamline existing CHW work rather than adding burden. The contents would cover: i) a technical orientation on core SR/MNCAH interventions for CHWs (mainly community engagement, health promotion, information, counseling, education, support and identification of health conditions and referral), using as references recent WHO technical guidance; ii) core competencies that are not specific to the SR/MNCAH domain, but are critical for CHWs to effectively carry out their functions in general, and that include for instance: knowing your community, interpersonal communication, behavior change frameworks, privacy and confidentiality, organizing and planning, record keeping, referrals, team work, and others. Among the 33 training resource packages reviewed, several quality materials can be considered as a reference for developing this core training resource package.
3. Additional technical modules on specific SR/MNCAH areas.
Building on the basic foundation provided by the core training resource package, additional technical modules that require higher-level skill training could be included to broaden the range of SR/MNCAH interventions provided by CHWs, such as the provision of curative care, running rapid tests and managing the results, or the distribution of medicines and supplies. These additional technical modules should complement and not supplant the essential interventions and core competencies defined in the core package, and therefore, their scalability should be carefully informed by wider programmatic and feasibility considerations. They should be designed in such a way to allow seamless integration with the core training resource package, including in competencies, supervision and quality assurance systems.
We provide an illustrative and qualitative synthesis of the current landscape of SR/MNCAH training resource packages for CHWs to inform reflection on ways to establish a harmonized approach to strengthening capacity. Rigorous documentation and evaluation of CHW training programmes will provide further evidence to inform capacity strengthening efforts. The wealth of training resource packages indicate not only the growing momentum to reposition the role of CHWs in national health systems so that they can contribute to accelerated progress on the health MDGs, but also the large investment made by many partners. Recent advances in rapid diagnostic tests that can be performed at household level and mobile technology for health, combined with new political will and resources, offer a unique opportunity for scaling up CHW programmes that can have a positive impact on maternal, newborn and child mortality. This momentum also offers a window of opportunity for strategic partnership among key stakeholders to mount a synergistic response to address the identified gaps and ensure a harmonized, evidence-based and effective approach to developing the capacity of CHWs in SR/MNCAH. CHWs can be an integral part of strong health systems that equitably deliver key information and services to the whole community.
Disclaimer: Anayda Portela is a staff member of the World Health Organization. The author alone is responsible for the views expressed in this publication and they do not necessarily represent the decisions or policies of the World Health Organization.
Authors are grateful for the contributions from agencies and individuals for the identification of training resource packages, and for the thoughtful recommendations from participants during the expert meetings.
Conceived and designed the experiments: NTT AP, LdB. Performed the experiments: NTT KB. Analyzed the data: NTT KB AP LdB. Wrote the paper: NTT AP LdB KB.
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Even A Minor Blow To The Head May Result In A Concussion Indicates Brain Injury Lawyer Brooks Schuelke
Austin, TX (Law Firm Newswire) February 17, 2014 – Even a minor blow to the head may cause traumatic brain injury.
“How severe a concussion is typically relates to how hard a person was hit on the head. But lately, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment (NOCSAE) are finding out that even a very slight blow is all that is needed to begin the cascade of faulty brain signals being sent through the brain’s white matter,” indicates Brooks Schuelke, a noted Austin brain injury lawyer at Perlmutter & Schuelke, LLP.
The studies indicate that there are differences in the white matter of the brain in contact sport athletes versus non-contact sport athletes. The study group results raise the question as to what factors may account for the changes in memory and learning ability and whether those changes are short-term or long-term. “The study involves 80 college footballers and hockey players that had no history of concussions. Each athlete had a brain scan and took several memory and learning tests. Subsequently, group members received a high-tech helmet that recorded the acceleration rate of the head after an impact,” Schuelke explains. The data from the concussion-free players was compared to athletes who played in non-contact sports.
The whole group was broken out into subgroups that identified players scoring lower than what was expected on their tests. Roughly 20 percent of contact sport players and 11 percent of non-contact sport players showed a change in the nerve networks on the right side of their brains. In summary, the changes in white matter in athletes playing contact sports were higher in the poorly performing group, which indicated a likely link to how hard and how often a player had been hit in the head.
The fact that low level concussions may also cause serious brain issues later in life for younger players is something parents, schools and other educational institutions need to take into consideration when designing sports programs. The latest revelations that a concussion has the capacity to double an individual’s risk of developing epilepsy within five years is yet another reason to closely examine the risks of sports that typically involve head injuries.
”There are approximately 173,285 brain injuries every year, sustained as a result of playing sports. Most of the victims are boys who play football and girls who participate in cheerleading. Of the 173,285 head injuries, at least 70.5 percent of the patients are between the ages of 10 and 19-years-old. These figures are food for thought about the safety of our younger generation,” says Schuelke. “If your child is playing a contact sport and they have not been properly warned about the risks involved or have not been provided with the right type of protective equipment, and they get hurt, we need to discuss compensation for those injuries.”
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- Don’t Let GEICO Or Other Insurance Companies Take Advantage Of You After A Car Wreck
Here are today’s two lessons from a court decision yesterday: (1) Take your time before settling your case. (2) Talk to a lawyer before settling a case. I often warn victims of car wrecks or other accidents to be aware of insurance companies’ “swoop and settle” tactics. In these situations, the insurance company (GEICO seems [...]
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College basketball coach Billy Gillispie is no stranger to the news. He’s been the coach at Texas A&M, Kentucky, and Texas Tech, among others. But this story is a little odd. Having been fired from his last two jobs, Gillispie finds himself the coach of Ranger College, a Texas junior college. In his first year, [...]
- Brain Injuries: New Study Finds Even One Concussion Can Have Lasting Effects
Many of us that deal with these injuries routinely have suspected it, but a new study confirms that even one concussion can have lasting effects. The study was based on extensive data on the health of people in Sweden. The researchers found 104,000 people who experienced head injuries between 1973 and 1985. The researches then [...] | <urn:uuid:8a0842a4-fcb5-4f3c-b28e-db08a9fced81> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.lawfirmnewswire.com/2014/02/even-a-minor-blow-to-the-head-may-result-in-a-concussion-indicates-brain-injury-lawyer-brooks-schuelke/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282140.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00126-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96669 | 938 | 2.515625 | 3 |
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Asian shares fell on Friday as a budget deadlock in Washington showed no signs of ending, with investors growing nervous that the stalemate will trigger a damaging debt default.
As the stand-off approaches its fourth day, optimism that Republicans and Democrats would find an early solution to the crisis is giving way to fears over the potentially devastating impact of a default on the world economy.
Tokyo fell 0.96%, Hong Kong slipped 0.83%, Sydney lost 0.44% and Seoul gave up 0.65%. Shanghai was closed for a public holiday.
With both sides unwilling to give ground - Democrats refuse to cede to Republican demands that a budget deal be linked to cuts to President Barack Obama's healthcare bill - investors are increasingly worried about how long the crisis will drag on.
While there are concerns about the US economy, the major worry is that politicians will not agree on raising the country's borrowing limit, which is hit on October 17.
Failure to increase the debt limit will see Washington run out of cash and unable to pay its bills or service its debt obligations.
Obama on Thursday demanded an end to the row, which he described as a reckless "farce", as he looked to pressure Republicans to climb down.
His comments came after White House talks between Obama and congressional leaders made no progress.
International Monetary Fund chief Christine Lagarde warned that failure to raise the debt ceiling could wreak havoc on the global economy, while the treasury department said a default could be "catastrophic" and could cause a recession as bad as that created by the global financial crisis.
"Creeping worries about the US debt ceiling are starting to un-nerve investors," Mike Jones, a currency strategist at the Bank of New Zealand in Wellington, told Dow Jones Newswires.
Currency traders sold the dollar, sending it down to 97.13 yen from 97.27 yen in New York late Thursday, while the euro rose to $1.3625 from $1.3618. The euro bought 132.37 yen compared with 132.49 yen.
On Wall Street, the Dow slipped 0.90%, the S&P 500 also lost 0.90% and the Nasdaq gave up 1.07%.
Adding to selling pressure were figures showing growth in the US service sector, a key driver of the economy, slowed in September.
Oil prices fell, with New York's main contract, West Texas Intermediate for delivery in November down nine cents at $103.22 while Brent North Sea crude for November eased 20 cents to $108.80.
Gold cost $1,316.14 at 02:10am GMT compared with $1,305.52 on Thursday. | <urn:uuid:c56c1339-a6a2-4642-9690-d8d395ec1037> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.hindustantimes.com/business/asian-shares-slip-on-growing-fears-over-us-debt-limit/story-u40TrdsEoX7pFPRPGboMzO.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00318-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956272 | 548 | 1.5 | 2 |
THE ADVENTURES OF MILO AND OTIS
PHRASES USING VOCABULARY WORDS
"The Adventures of Milo and Otis" is particularly rich in sophisticated words. Therefore, playing with vocabulary can be made into a separate fun activity. The following phrases have been taken from the movie. The highlighted words are those that children might not know. Using these words in the context of the script of the movie will help your child to understand them. The lessons will be repeated each time he or she sees the movie. Repeat the phrase and ask your child what the phrase means. See how many he or she can get right and give a little reward for right answers. It is also helpful to use the word in a different context.
Except for the activity up in the hayloft the farm was pretty quiet that morning.
Check out TWM's Index of Guides to Talking and Playing for Growth. For all of the TeachWithMovies.com indexes, click here.
A lot of the other animals were awakened by all the scurrying overhead.
Some of them just accepted it. Some were pretty annoyed ...
But the mood was very different up in the hayloft.
The farm cat had just given birth to her first litter. She was determined to be a good mother and never yell at her kittens. But that approach would not last very long because Milo, one of her kittens, was trouble from the very beginning. As soon as he could walk he began wandering to the edge of the hayloft.
This is the dock and down there is the river. You must never, never go too close to the dock. ... Milo was swept away by the river.
Milo, do you think you can follow me back to the shore?
Months passed and the farm was humming with the sounds of summer.
Now Milo needed a brilliant idea. Aha! He thought of a place where Otis couldn't sniff him out. It worked. But Milo wondered whether it was really worth the trouble.
The following day the hen house was in an uproar. Milo and Otis went to see what all the commotion was about.
Scratched and pecked her way to the top rung of the hen house.
How long do we have to stick around this hen house?
This is the day I've become a watch dog.
Brought the usual string of gawkers ....
Your singing stinks. Will you quit it?
But this time someone got the best of Milo.
"Freeze!" Otis barked. "Touch that egg and you're dead meat. I mean it punk." Otis growled.
Milo wanted just one more look at that weird animal.
The noise attracted a group of local snoops looking to dig up some scandal.
Milo's attention was focused somewhere else.
They tried to make the mixed up chick go to her mother.
Otis came back to settle the score with that thing.
The river took Milo farther down stream.
But the box was drifting right towards the hungry animal.
Close call said Milo, sticking his head up.
And Otis came up with a much more sensible plan. He ran up on the river bank leading the bear away from Milo.
By the time the moon rose, the river had carried Milo deep into a forest.
Now and then he saw some eyes flashing among the trees. And he heard mysterious hoots and growls and cries in the night.
In the water Milo could see the reflection of the moon. It seemed to be trembling as much as he was.
In that chilly, misty night, sleep was not possible. He drifted on through the darkness hoping to find the morning waiting just around the bend.
Otis had not given up his chase. He was running along the bank in hot pursuit.
He then decided to skip the whole thing.
This web page published September 14, 2007. | <urn:uuid:5ddc2825-f6ed-4b47-9ad0-ae93f0181ea0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.teachwithmovies.org/talking-and-playing/adventures-of-milo-and-otis-vocab.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00283-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.974765 | 821 | 2.875 | 3 |
Content of the material
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Spaced Space Logo Font
Fancy a modern and futuristic font with unique lowercase? Spaced is a sans-serif typeface that will add extra pizzaz to your designs, without compromising on the readability. It comes with uppercase and lowercase letters that you can mix and match as per your requirement, tons of glyphs, special alternates, and ligatures.
Why Comic Sans is so hated?
Comic Sans isn’t Used as Intended Comic Sans was originally designed to be used in the talk bubbles of a program called Microsoft Bob. The font wasn’t completed in time to actually make it into the program, but it lived on to eventually ship with Windows 95; and that’s when the font really got ugly.
This is a font that comes with a design that’s truly out of this world. It will definitely make your text look as if it’s written in a weird alien language. Ichiji is a font that guaranteed to give your designs a unique look and feel.
Andreas Larsen drew up a list of priorities when he set out to design Monoid. He wanted it to be legible, compact (the more code you can fit on one screen, the better), and “pretty”. To achieve all this, he compared three other programming fonts – Fira Mono, Source Code Pro and Pragmata Pro – and took note of features he liked and those he didn’t in order to inform his design.
Like many programming fonts, Monoid has extra-large punctuation marks and operators, apertures are large to help make characters more distinguishable, and ascenders and descenders are kept short. Smart design decisions have been taken to make Monoid both compact and highly legible. It has programming ligatures, and there’s also a special feature called Monoisome which enables you to see Font Awesome icons in your code. Monoid is free and open source, so you can even tweak it to your tastes if you like.
05. Dank Mono
Phil Plückthun’s Dank Mono is billed as a font “designed for aesthetes with code and Retina displays in mind”. Like Fira Code, it has programming ligatures, and there’s also a cursive italic variant that’s useful for distinguishing different types of text within your code. Overall this font has been created for coders who have an eye for design, and the unusual lowercase ‘f’ is known for being particularly beloved among Dank fans.
Dank supports the Western, Eastern, Central and Southern European Latin character sets, and you can use it within CodePen. To get Dank, you’ll need to pay – a personal licence is £24 and a commercial one is £60. But if you’re a type connoisseur and you’re smitten with that jaunty ‘f’, it might well be worth treating yourself to some Dankness.
Which fonts should we avoid?
10 Overused Fonts & Typefaces To Avoid At All Costs
- Comic Sans. A common font that is not only overused, but also utterly childish.
- Times New Roman.
- Courier New.
- Kristen ITC.
New Introducing Filters for Stack Overflow
Filters aren’t just for selfies anymore. Introducing Filters for Stack Overflow – the best way to beautify the site where you spend 10 hours a day.Learn more about Filters | <urn:uuid:a14dd77b-254f-498e-8b6d-b7dcfefd9e73> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://midblog.net/trips/fonts-that-take-up-the-most-space/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.90986 | 806 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Unusually high temperatures have led the Greenland ice sheet to shed six billion tons of water each day over the weekend of July 15 to July 17.
Over several days, temperatures in northern Greenland hit 15˚C (60˚F), which is 10 degrees warmer than normal for this time of year, scientists told CNN.
The high temperatures have triggered a rapid melt event, with the ice sheet shedding rivers of meltwater into the ocean.
The Greenland ice sheet melts every summer, but scientists say melting has been on the rise.
Although the ice sheet – the second largest ice body in the world – gains mass over the winter from snow, its mass has begun to decline as warmer temperatures have meant that the amount of melting is outpacing the accumulation of snow each winter.
In 2019, the ice sheet lost 532 billion tons of ice in its earliest ever summer melting since satellites began measuring annual melting levels in 1979.
Almost all of the ice sheet’s surface melted, leading to a permanent global sea level rise of 1.5 millimeters, according to CNN.
Last August, instead of snow, rain fell on the peak of Greenland’s ice cap for the first time on record, with the water causing the ice to melt.
Temperature at the summit had almost never surpassed freezing, but it rose above freezing for the third time in less than a decade.
“That’s not a healthy sign for an ice sheet,” a glaciologist told Reuters at the time. “Water on ice is bad. It makes the ice sheet more prone to surface melt.”
Climate models project that local warming in Greenland will be 3°C (5°F) to 9°C (16°F) during this century, which would initiate the long-term melting of the ice sheet.
This would lead to a complete melting of the ice sheet over centuries that would result in a global sea level rise of about 7 meters (23 feet).
A rise of this level would inundate almost every major coastal city in the world, according to studies. | <urn:uuid:325bb3fe-e614-4882-8ddf-c2881d8c172e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.almostmag.co/greeland-ice-sheet-melting-2022-climate-change/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00679.warc.gz | en | 0.943054 | 428 | 4.125 | 4 |
Friday, October 28, 2011
An Interesting Little Report from a Regional Newspaper In the UK!
The following report appeared a few days ago.
Published on Saturday 22 October 2011 22:00
THE NHS in North Yorkshire has begun transferring medical records on to an electronic database to help boost life-saving treatment for hundreds of thousands of patients.
But health chiefs have maintained strict procedures will be in place to protect patients’ confidential records, which can be accessed by doctors anywhere in the country.
Angela Wood, NHS North Yorkshire and York’s assistant director of informatics, said: “Anything that can be done to save vital minutes in the treatment of patients can only be a good thing.
“When the new database starts to save lives, hopefully the concerns about the new procedures will diminish.
Only authorised staff with a chip-and-pin NHS smartcard who are involved in a patient’s treatment will be able to access the information stored on the database. Unlike the existing paper records, an audit trail is generated when a patient’s details are viewed on the computer database.
Patients have been given the chance to opt out of the new system, and a mail-shot was sent to residents across North Yorkshire to make them aware of the choices they had. Figures show just 0.9 per cent of the county’s patients have opted out, although Mrs Wood stressed every effort was being made to raise awareness of the new procedures.
The full article is here:
There are two interesting elements of this report.
The first relates to the remarkably low opt-out rate among the general population despite a media campaign - including letterboxing every home - explaining what was planned and its implications.
We have had a poll on the issue here:
and a discussion of the issue here:
A range of links are found there.
The second is the obviously routine use of smartcard based security to manage and audit access to the sensitive health databases.
As I pointed out a few days ago - until we have a system of this type strength and robustness fully implemented across the health system before the claims regarding a provider access audit trail will be true.
Of course just how individual user ID’s will be managed through issues like separation, divorce etc. are also matter of considerable uncertainty. The ConOps does not seem to have a use case on how that is actually handled in terms of access revocation etc.etc.
Amazing how a little regional article from the North of England can have relevance in the Antipodes!
Posted by Dr David More MB PhD FACHI at Friday, October 28, 2011 | <urn:uuid:53c0e1ce-f6b7-401c-8e8f-e299bc958c87> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://aushealthit.blogspot.com/2011/10/interesting-little-report-from-regional.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00342-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939473 | 541 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Report – Don’t Mention the C Word!
This session explored the way in which class and socio-economic background is (and has always been) an important driver of diversity on and off screen. This panel discussed personal and professional experiences of why inclusion is imperative at all levels.
- Ask young people what they need? They won’t ask you – so be prepared to have a conversation in order to push past the barriers.
- Class is not visible – don’t assume anything about anyone!
- Encourage young people to develop innate skills without obsessing about demonstrable qualifications.
This session saw four speakers who were united in their passion for eradicating inequality across various media industries. By changing the way our young people are taught to think about how they can access opportunities, the panel discussed that although certain pathways to opening doors are becoming more accessible – the barrier can sometimes be met at the door itself.
Becky Bainbridge observed the way teenagers and young people interact with their peer groups, but also with the types of media that often portray working class families. Her work at Reclaim aims to provide leadership skills to individuals who all have big dreams and aspirations, but sometimes lack the practical steps in order to achieve them. Her belief first and foremost was “if you can’t see it, you can’t be it”.
The panel discussed together the fact that it’s no secret that nepotism can run deeply through our institutions, and although many young people are finding their way into certain industries, the question echoed by all speakers was whether they are welcomed with open arms when they get there?
It’s the practical things, Natasha Carthew argued, that are sometimes the most important questions to be asked – and much of the time they are overlooked. Have you got enough money for the bus fare? Can you take time off work to attend an interview? These sorts of financial barriers typically mean exclusion from the get-go. With factors that limit participation, it’s no wonder that many industries have a circle of influence that doesn’t reach beyond the usual faces. Bringing authentic voices to the table is of course, one side of the issue, but how best to keep them there is another matter entirely.
Shajan Miah spoke about key decisions he had to make when starting his career. Breaking into a tough industry like journalism, juggling a job on the side and studying too – Shajan observed that there were several pros and cons to consider. Things like work experience and working for free being one of them. He recognised the structural issues of the past that are still embedded within certain institutions, (for example there has never been a Black Sports Editor at the BBC) and he also suggested that this is and will be a problem for the future if things don’t change.
Greg Boardman reflected on growing up in Blackpool and being the first person in his family to go on to higher education and university. With a media CV including titles such as ‘Rastamouse’ and ‘Apple Tree House’, Greg said his experience of telling diverse stories hinged on working with diverse teams of people. Injecting an element of the theoretical into the conversation, Greg quoted Bordieu’s notion of habitus – talking the audience through the ideas of perception of the world around us and how things work best when creatives and producers support and nurture children’s desires.
The narrative of the underachieving working class kid has gone on too long, Becky said. They want to do big things but half of the problem is they don’t know how to get there. Often in their families or social circles it would be brave to work in these roles and it’s not normal for them to want to be a doctor, writer, sportsperson etc. when they grow up. She said typically “it’s the adults who knock the aspirations out of them”. So how then do we as an industry find a solution? Well, for starters, let’s change how we recruit – the panel suggested. If prospective employers look at skills and not make a judgement call based solely on making the grade, we can all encourage young people to develop innate skills without obsessing about demonstrable qualifications.
It’s not perfect, but it’s definitely a start in forging the path to representing all people as authentically as possible.
Director of Programmes
Three Stones Media
Strawberry Blond TV | <urn:uuid:ed368a5a-6be5-4fc7-8ecc-3009c0961058> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thechildrensmediaconference.com/blog/2019/07/05/report-dont-mention-the-c-word/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.951534 | 1,032 | 2.265625 | 2 |
Can Business Save the World? The CSR Benefits
If you’ve been following my current series of posts about Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), you know I’m ready to share some of the benefits of engaging in CSR. These findings are from a survey of 142 business people representing a diverse range of industries: manufacturing, consumer packaged goods, extractive minerals, financial services, media, telecommunications and others. All were managers who attended Harvard Business School’s CSR executive education program sometime during the past four years. A surprising 60 percent said they were “dissatisfied with their firms’ CSR activities and wanted to improve them.”
The research team divided the responses into three categories, based on how each respondent’s company CSR programs were organized:
- Philanthropy = 48 percent of respondents
- Operational Improvements = 39 percent
- Business-model Transformation = 13 percent
Those who fell into the purely philanthropic category rated the benefits as follows:
- Improves company’s social standing (84 percent)
- Supports company’s philanthropic priorities (77 percent)
- Increases employee motivation (67 percent)
- Increases revenue (13 percent), with 41 percent citing increased costs
Among the managers whose companies’ focused CSR on making operational improvements, the benefits were identified as:
- Improves company’s social standing (94 percent)
- Improves company’s environmental impact (62 percent)
- Protects resources on which company depends (58 percent)
- Increases revenue (32 percent), with 35 percent citing increased costs and 32 percent citing increased costs
And among the 13 percent of respondents representing the “radical fringe” defined by “Business-Model Transformation” CSR programs, the following benefits were reported:
- Creates an important solution to a social/environmental program (89 percent)
- Promises long-term gains (82 percent)
- Addresses senior management’s social/environmental mission (82 percent)
- Increases revenue (31 percent)
- Reduces costs (35 percent), with 36 percent citing increased costs
While we started our foundation and volunteerism activities for altruistic reasons, there are benefits any firm can receive through philanthropy:
- Position and branding in the market place. Think of a friend who’s a “taker” versus one that’s a “giver”… which one do you hold in higher esteem?
- Recruiting. Most people, and especially millennials, want a multi-dimensional life and that includes where and how they work.
- Engagement. Volunteering outside of work gives us time to get to know one another in a non-work setting and build understanding and camaraderie.
- Perspective. I remember having a tough day at work, which was followed by going to volunteer at our local Ronald McDonald House. Within minutes, I was reminded that my “problem” was really a nuisance.
- Strengthens our industry. With our STEM scholarship, Intertech is helping build tomorrow’s technical talent pool. For more on our STEM scholarship and the 2015 recipient, see my final post in this series. | <urn:uuid:f1e93fff-bbe3-4d9d-94cb-0d6158d93fe4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tomsalonek.com/can-business-save-the-world-the-csr-benefits/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.946114 | 673 | 1.71875 | 2 |
FRISCO, Texas — South Korean goalie Kye Hoon Park took up ice hockey on the advice of an elementary school teacher.
His teacher used to be an ice hockey manager. And Park used to get in fights all the time.
"So my teacher was like, if you’re going to get in fights, then just play hockey," a smiling Park said through an interpreter during a recent visit by him and two teammates to a development camp for prospects of the NHL’s Dallas Stars.
Hockey’s roots aren’t deep in South Korea, which has never qualified for the Olympics but will get an automatic bid as host in Pyeongchang in 2018. That leaves three years to try to get as competitive as possible under coach Jim Paek, a native of Seoul, South Korea, and two-time Stanley Cup winner with Pittsburgh in the early 1990s.
Stars general manager Jim Nill struggled to find an analogy that illustrates the task ahead of his friend and former colleague in the Detroit organization.
"Remember the Dream Team?" Nill asked in reference to the first group of NBA players to win Olympic gold -- easily -- in 1992. "Playing against ... It would be a small, small country that's never played the sport much."
There will be plenty of opponents looking like the Dream Team to the South Koreans.
"They've got to play against Canada, Swedens, Russians, Czechs, Finlands," Nill said. "There's seven or eight world powers and then there's another group that's not quite there, but they're not bad teams, either. Korea is just getting their feet wet. It's a daunting task. You've got to start somewhere."
And that's why Paek asked Nill to let Park, defenceman Won Jun Kim and forward Jin Hui Ahn join a group of Dallas players still trying to reach the NHL. All three are under 25, and have a reasonable amount of experience with the national team.
And they're not trying to pretend they come from a hockey hotbed.
"Absolutely not," Ahn said through an interpreter when asked where the sport ranked in South Korea. "It's not there."
That doesn't mean South Korea isn't a skating country. It routinely turns out gold medal winners in Olympic speedskating -- and speed is one thing Koreans can bring to the hockey rink. It was on display with Kim and Ahn, who skated and manoeuvred well with their European counterparts.
Size is the biggest problem. The 5-foot-11 Kim, for example, looked tiny alongside skaters more than half a foot taller.
"We are smaller than like these guys, so we play more like we skate," said Kim, who spoke to reporters in English. "I think the guys in Asia, they play like skating. It's quite different. Here players are huge and strong."
There is a nine-team Asia League that starts a new season late next month, with the playoffs ending in April. That will be the extent of the professional experience for most of the players for South Korea.
Paek, who was not in Dallas with his young players and couldn't be reached for comment, is believed to be the first native of South Korea to play in the NHL, but he grew up in Canada. He used to help run hockey clinics in his home country.
"I don't want to make any promises," Paek said in a news release announcing South Korea's automatic hockey bid for the Olympics. "But as long as we focus on the process every day to get better, I think we'll be very competitive. And hopefully we'll represent the country well."
Nill was impressed with the skills shown by the visitors and doesn't doubt that Paek's hope will be realized.
"It will be great for the fans and everybody else," Nill said. "It's going to depend on what level they're at. They don't want to go there and get embarrassed, either. They've got pride. We're going to find out over the next two, three years."
In the meantime, they've got one thing down. Ahn was asked to say Stanley Cup in his native language.
"Uh ... Stanley Cup," he said with a smile, drawing hearty laughs.
Now, if they can just get things to translate on Olympic ice. | <urn:uuid:b62bb1b7-3cbc-492e-82fd-ae8e63b22cd9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.sportsnet.ca/hockey/nhl/how-south-korea-is-building-olympic-hockey-team/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00204-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.981785 | 903 | 1.570313 | 2 |
CSExtra – Monday, May 21, 2012
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From the Coalition for Space Exploration – Voting is now open for the “Why Explore Space?” video contest. You have until May 27th to vote on your favorite video. Remember to share your favorites with your friends and colleagues and share the message that space exploration matters. http://spacecoalition.com/benefits-of-space/why-explore-space
Monday’s CSExtra offers the latest reporting and commentary on space-related activities, plus a roundup from the weekend. SpaceX prepares for a second attempt to launch the Falcon9/Dragon spacecraft on the first U. S. commercial re-supply mission early Tuesday. The widely followed mission flying under NASA’s Commercial Orbital Transportation Systems program was a half-second from lift off early Saturday when a first stage engine over pressurized. A rare annular eclipse delights amateur astronomers and professionals alike on Sunday, especially those on the Pacific rim and northwest United States. Evidence of life surfaces in some extreme environments. In Huntsville, Ala., the U. S. Space and Rocket Center plans repairs to a damaged Saturn V moon rocket. Pieces of the moon collected by the Apollo 11 astronauts make their way back to their lawful owner.
1. From Spaceflightnow.com, May 21: SpaceX looks to early Tuesday for a second attempt to launch the company’s Falcon 9 rocket/Dragon freighter on the first U. S. commercial re-supply mission to the International Space Station. Saturday’s attempt to lift off from the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Fla., was aborted at the last moment by a high pressure reading in one of nine first stage rocket engines. Engineers replaced a faulty check valve identified by SpaceX as the root cause. An engineering analysis continues. For updates: http://www.spaceflightnow.com/falcon9/003/status.html
A. From The Los Angeles Times, May 19: Saturday’s SpaceX launch attempt aborted. SpaceX is headquartered in the Hawthorne area of Los Angeles. http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-spacex-rocket-launch-20120520,0,2767470.story
B. From Space.com, May 19: SpaceX is experienced at detecting, dealing with countdown drama. http://www.space.com/15768-spacex-private-rockets-launch-day-glitches.html
C. From Spaceflightnow.com, May 18: The website goes one-on-one with SpaceX founder, CEO Elon Musk. Musk says he’ll be most anxious during the rendezvous phases of the mission. http://www.spaceflightnow.com/falcon9/003/120518musk/
D. From National Public Radio: SpaceX mission symbolizes the start of a new age in space. http://www.npr.org/blogs/13.7/2012/05/18/153029960/let-the-real-space-age-begin
E. From Russia Today, May 19: SpaceX mission is part of a U. S. strategy to replace NASA’s space shuttle with commercial transportation for supplies and eventually astronauts. http://www.rt.com/news/spacex-falcon-launch-failed-660/
F. From Collectspace.com, May 18: Dragon carries a modest cargo that includes a cache of mementos, lapel pins, mission patches and a commemorative medallion. http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-051812b.html
2. From MSNBC’s Cosmic Log, May 20: Sunday’s annular eclipse thrills viewers from the Far East to the Northwestern United States. Many gathered at outdoor events. Others monitored by Internet. In the United States, it was the first opportunity to witness a solar eclipse with the signature “ring of fire” feature in 18 years. http://cosmiclog.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2012/05/20/11776075-solar-eclipse-goes-social-and-global?lite
3. From Aviation Week & Space Technology, May 21: In a critique of the International Space Station, experts give the orbiting science lab high marks for the global partnership it forged. But the alliance has had difficulty identifying a common future goal in space. In the U. S., efforts to draw scientific interest in the space station beyond NASA are having even more difficulty. http://www.aviationweek.com/Article.aspx?id=/article-xml/AW_05_21_2012_p22-458840.xml
4. From Wired.com, May 19: Scientists focused on the Earth’s upper atmosphere discover the “Edge of Space” could serve as a a haven for microbial life. The group Citizens in Space led a study that suggests microbes can travel from one continent to another through the Earth’s upper atmosphere.
A. From the Washington Post, May 17: In a testament to the tenacity of life, scientists find minimal metabolism bacteria hanging on 100 feet below the sea floor in the Pacific Ocean. These simple life forms may be hundreds to hundreds of thousands of years old. http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/ancient-life-millions-of-years-old-and-barely-alive-found-beneath-ocean-floor/2012/05/17/gIQA3zIRWU_story.html
5. From CNN, May 20: Scientists focused on the environment look to the future with uncertainty. A recent National Research Council report warns the many NASA and NOAA spacecraft that study the Earth are aging and the funds to develop replacements are not flowing. In Idaho, that means potential difficulties for researcher Rick Allen, who depends on Landsat satellite data to help manage water resources. http://www.cnn.com/2012/05/20/us/us-satellite-crunch/index.html
6. From The Huntsville Times: The U. S. Space and Rocket Center seeks bids for the repair of damage to one of three historic Saturn V rockets. The Apollo moon rocket was damaged by bullets during a May 3 incident. The big launcher is owned by the Smithsonian Institution and on loan to the public display venue. http://blog.al.com/breaking/2012/05/bids_to_be_accepted_for_repair.html
7. From the Las Vegas Review Journal, May 20: Four tiny pieces of moon rock collected by the Apollo 11 astronauts make their way from the estate of a late casino owner to the their rightful owners. President Nixon presented the moon fragments to Nicaragua’s ambassador in the early 1970s. http://www.lvrj.com/news/loony-or-not-moon-rock-sale-didn-t-fly-152194285.html
Brought to you by the Coalition for Space Exploration, CSExtra is a daily compilation of space industry news selected from hundreds of online media resources. The Coalition is not the author or reporter of any of the stories appearing in CSExtra and does not control and is not responsible for the content of any of these stories. The content available through CSExtra contains links to other websites and domains which are wholly independent of the Coalition, and the Coalition makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy, completeness or authenticity of the information contained in any such site or domain and does not pre-screen or approve any content. The Coalition does not endorse or receive any type of compensation from the included media outlets and is not responsible or liable in any way for any content of CSExtra or for any loss, damage or injury incurred as a result of any content appearing in CSExtra. For information on the Coalition, visit www.spacecoalition.com or contact us via e-mail at [email protected]. | <urn:uuid:b22fb002-e465-4bad-bfc3-acd5e3d9e0b2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.spacefoundation.org/media/global-space-news/csextra-%E2%80%93-monday-may-21-2012 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00006-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.89396 | 1,719 | 2.078125 | 2 |
What does Consultancy involve?
Quite a few industries use the term consultant (eg beauty consultant, travel consultant, consultant in a hospital) but to many people, they are mainly concerned with business and management. A consultant is generally an expert in a particular field who offers specialist business advice to companies with some form of business problem that can't be handled in-house. The recession in certain industries, such as manufacturing, has meant some companies are less inclined to pay money to outside organisations, and rely on internal experts.
At present the biggest users of consultants are the financial, public (central and local government) and communications sectors.
Why should I apply for a career in Consultancy?
- Excellent financial rewards
- Job variation
- Client facing roles
- The prospect of helping smaller companies progress
- Vault Career Guide to Consulting - Basically a must-read for anyone who wants to get into consultancy
- Complete Case Interview Preparation - This book is one of my personal favourites in term of getting prepared for interviews
Training and Applicants
Entry below degree level is unusual. As jobs can be so competitive, you will often be expected to have postgraduate qualifications - either to become increasingly specialist or to gain a management qualification, such as an MBA. Consultancy staff will need to have excellent communication and IT skills.
What opportunities are available within the sector?
Opportunities exist with one of the few really large consultancy firms, who turn over millions of pounds in profit, or with any one of a number of smaller companies. Self-employment is also a possibility for experienced consultants. A large number of consultancy firms run graduate training programmes. Information on these can be found here.
Visit the relevant forum
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As with many industries, competition might come from foreign firms. Some of them will be able to provide the same expertise, but at much lower prices. In response, a few of the large (and expensive) UK firms may be forced to cut staff or try to give organisations buying-in consultants more value for money. Smaller firms, who tend to charge less than the large ones, may get a bigger share of the work. This has already started to happen.
When did you begin training?
How did you find the traning?
Did/do you enjoy the job?
Have you gained anything from this job and if so, what? | <urn:uuid:75ee5af1-8192-4746-8686-8e6d7cbcf9df> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.thestudentroom.co.uk/wiki/Consultancy | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00095-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94305 | 597 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Essay and General Literature Index
- Coverage Dates: 1985 -
- Update Frequency: Daily
- Audience: Research, student
Essay and General Literature Index cites thousands of essays, chapters, and articles contained in many anthologies and collections. Emphasis is placed on the humanities and social sciences with subject coverage ranging from literary works, art history, drama, and film.
- Journals in this Database: EBSCO Title Lists
- Database Provider: EBSCO Publishing, Inc.
- Database Tutorial: EBSCO Tutorials
Express Link (bookmark): http://www.galileo.usg.edu/express?link=zweg | <urn:uuid:9b3e45fe-b826-4225-b62d-6134969fcbc1> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.galileo.usg.edu/library/databases/zweg/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00508-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.75196 | 138 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Dropbox is a free service that lets you bring your photos, docs, and videos anywhere and share them easily on web. it is become the universal cloud storage solution for many application. here is a 6 useful Dropbox Text Editors for iPhone and iPad. All apps reviewed are universal and designed to be used both on the iPad and your smaller iOS device.
PlainText – Dropbox Text editing
PlainText is a simple text editor for iPhone, iPad and iPod Touch with an uncomplicated, paper-like user interface that let you create and organize your documents in folders and sync everything with your Dropbox account. – PlainText
Features of Plaintext
- All your Documents organized in folders
- Paper like user interface to keep the focus on your text.
- Sync all your files and folders with your Dropbox account means your documents are always up to date.
Elements For Dropbox
Elements is a beautiful designed, versatile text editor and Dropbox powered writing environment for iOS devices. With Elements, User can view, edit and share plain text and Markdown documents on your iPad, iPhone or iPod touch and easily accessible from any devices such as iPhone, iPad, Mac or PC, Because all your data safely stored in a folder on your personal Dropbox account. – Download
Features of Elements For Dropbox
- Create, view and edit text files on your iOS devices
- Create, view, edit and preview Markdown files.
- MultiMarkdown support
- Cloud based storage of your data. (To your Dropbox account)
- Both automatic and manual syncing
- Easy to Print your Elements Files
- Offline support
- Multi touch gestures for quick navigation between files and folders.
- Full text search
- Support for Word, line, and character count
- A Scratchpad to flesh out ideas or store random bits of information
- Email files as an attachment
- Provide support for TextExpander touch
- support for Launch Center Pro
Nebulous Notes is a powerful yet simple Plain text editor for note-takers, writers, and coders that also store all your text files to Dropbox account for backup. – Download
Features of Nebulous Notes
- Open and edit all plain-text files (.txt, .md, .c, etc.) with Nebulous Notes
- Preview files in HTML, MarkDown, Rich Text-RTF
- Supports saving and opening in all file encodings
- VoiceOver hints
- Print all your documents and text files using AirPrint
- TextExpander support
- Save in Evernote
- Easy to Open files from ANY Dropbox folder
- Customizable themes
- Macro system also has basic text-substitutions for convenient HTML tags
- easy to Search Dropbox or Search for text with a document
- Full-screen support
- multi-line tabbing and un-tabbing
- One-click access to Scratch Pad and MarkDown preview
Droptext is a text editor for iPhone and iPod Touch that let you open, edit, and save plain text files and syncs all your text files with your Dropbox account. From Droptext you can quickly edit any text file from any folder in any of your Dropbox accounts. – Download
Notesy for Dropbox
Notesy is a note taking apps for iOS devices. With Notesy, user can easily sync all you notes seamlessly over-the-air, to and from your Dropbox as plain text files. Download
Features of Notesy for Dropbox
- Full offline support – Notesy will sync it all up for you later.
- No in-app advertising or purchases, and no monthly fees.
- Easily collaborate on notes with people you share your Dropbox with.
- Use it with Notational Velocity, Automator, AppleScript, Keyboard Maestro and more.
Nocs for Dropbox
Yet another simple text editor for iPhone with Dropbox integration that let you work with your documents on any iPad, iPhone or iPod touch. – Download
Features of Nocs
- Dual Access – On Device & In the Cloud
- flexible sharing
- access any Dropbox folder
- Local file system
- work securely and offline
- Easy to move/copy files from/to Dropbox
- auto backup to iCloud (5 GB free)
- Clean “table of contents”-style listing, yet detail info is only a tap away
- Markdown files shown formatted & styled
- Support for various type documents and Files such as iWork: Numbers, Pages, Keynote, Microsoft Office: Excel, Word, PowerPoint, PDF, RTF, pictures: PNG, JPEG, movies: MOV, etc..
- Unicode: international characters ready
- Capable file manager
- nested folders: as structured as you want
- Inbox support: open files from other apps
- iTunes file sharing via USB or Wi-Fi
- Smart handling of file name extensions | <urn:uuid:804391a0-2053-43a4-bc1e-5b9123538c40> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://blog.dreamcss.com/iphone/dropbox-text-editors-for-iphone-and-ipad/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00008-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.838648 | 1,010 | 1.585938 | 2 |
|Name: _________________________||Period: ___________________|
This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Act 4, Scenes 5, 6, and 7.
Multiple Choice Questions
1. How does Pa speak about Manure?
(b) With high regards.
(d) With awe.
2. What is Rosamund concerned about?
(a) Wenceslas' safety.
(b) What will happen in the parade.
(c) The king and Buggerless's relationship.
(d) Her son's well being.
3. Where was Ma forced to go?
(a) Back to her home.
(b) To look for Pa.
(c) Into the hills.
(d) To Russia.
4. What does Pa do while his men are fighting the bear?
(a) He helps to fight off the bear.
(b) He cowers in the corner.
(c) He prays.
(d) He runs away.
5. What does say that Pa and Ma owe to Manure?
(a) A kingdom of his own.
(b) Debt of gratitude.
(c) Handsome reward.
(d) A place of honor in the kingdom.
Short Answer Questions
1. What does Pa say there is no way he will do?
2. What does Pa do after he is crowned?
3. How does Pa react to the letter?
4. What does Pa insist even though he ran away?
5. Where does Ma start her search for the kingdom's treasure?
This section contains 252 words
(approx. 1 page at 300 words per page) | <urn:uuid:e12580d1-9f80-4ef5-a75d-1e3488677bb5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bookrags.com/lessonplan/uburoi/quiz8f.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00153-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.933158 | 363 | 2.8125 | 3 |
One in every three group room nights (34 percent) is booked outside of U.S. events' contracted room blocks, according to a study conducted by Tourism Economics for the American Society of Association Executives, the Center for Exhibition Industry Research, Destination Management Association International's Destination & Travel Foundation, Meeting Professionals International, and the Professional Convention Management Association's Education Foundation.
The study looked at 170 events with a total of more than 880,000 attendees, with data provided by registration and housing companies, association management companies, destination marketing organizations, and individual meeting and exhibition organizers. The events ranged from 60 to more than 55,000 attendees, across various market segments, event locations and destinations, and took place from 2012 to 2015.
"Despite general agreement that many attendees book outside the room block, the meetings industry traditionally relies on the historical room block pick-up as one of the most important metrics to value an event," said Christine "Shimo" Shimasaki, managing director of empowerMINT.com at DMAI. "This study proves that the method captures only a partial story, and is the first of its kind to quantify just how many more overnight visitors the meetings industry is continuing to drive to destinations across the United States."
The study also showed that although one-third of rooms being booked outside the block is the average, that finding varies when the size of the event and type of meeting are considered. "Across the sample of events studied, the variation of the share of rooms outside the block was quite large, so it's critical to avoid applying the 'every third room' assumption across all events," said Christopher Pike, director of impact studies at Tourism Economics. "Factors including event size, facility gross square footage, market segment and length of an event all influence the share of rooms booked outside the block."
To help planners quantify housing demand more accurately, the study has introduced a new metric, called "event room demand," that measures demand for rooms both inside and outside the event's room block. "Taking event room demand into account produces significant benefits to all parties," the study's sponsors said in a press release. "An event avoids running the risk of being undervalued due to a high proportion of attendees and exhibitors booking rooms outside of the block. As a result, the meeting planner also minimizes difficulties in securing adequate exhibit and meeting space for future years or underestimating its room block requirements in destinations that have limited hotel supply. Likewise, DMOs avoid underreporting overnight attendance and, by extension, economic impact of an event, and hotels are well prepared to meet actual room demand. In addition, stakeholders such as media and local politicians unfamiliar with industry trends will be less likely to underestimate the value of events."
Concluded Shimasaki, "Going forward we encourage DMOs to partner with their planners to extend the work of this study and conduct individual event analyses, because with more data we will be able to understand some further insights into what continues to influence attendees and exhibitors to stay outside the contract room block. This study is the first step for the meetings industry to assess the number of rooms actually used with greater accuracy and provide key data to inform and encourage additional change and progress." To read the full study, click here | <urn:uuid:9cdc0ae2-87cb-449f-b001-39ad5619d9d8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.meetings-conventions.com/News/Industry-Associations/Industry-Study--One-Third-of-Group-Rooms-Are-Booked-Outside-the-Block/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00145-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955055 | 659 | 1.734375 | 2 |
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Material Writers are required on a big range. They work according to the idea supplied by the client. If so, you can be a superb web content writer. So, to be a wonderful content author constantly focus on developing strong headings with a quick key words examining to select this. For coming to be a prosperous academic writer, you have to continue to keep your composing easy. In countries such as India, there are numerous freelance writers that write high quality write-ups.
No matter of what web content you're composing, constantly assume regarding the following action. Creating material in the concise manner will allow you to clarify the topic of the material clearly. One of the outright most efficient strategies to boost your composing skills is by practicing composing and reviewing various writers. | <urn:uuid:81b61290-073d-40fb-a291-a370f95898d5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://projecthelponline.com/mba/fifo.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.967731 | 4,591 | 1.960938 | 2 |
The Broken King.pdf
Michael Thomas’s extraordinary new book, The Broken King, traces the lives of the men in his family against the backdrop of the last century-and-a-half in American history. From Reconstruction to the Jim Crow South and Civil Rights movement, Thomas explores fathers and sons, lovers and beloved, trauma and recovery, race and deracination, success and failure, soccer and the Red Sox in a beautifully unique memoir.
The title is borrowed from T.S. Eliot’s line in Little Gidding”: If you came at night like a broken king,” and the work ponders the process of being broken. Reminiscent of James Baldwin’s The Fire Next Time, Thomas delivers a series of powerful vignettes reaching back to his grandfather who, though trained as a pharmacist, never found work as one; his father, the president of his class at Boston University, an artist and philosopher who was an unsuccessful businessman and a failed parent; to his brother’s lawlessness; and his own sons’ relatively privileged, safe lives in Brooklyn today. Every page rings with the effects of America’s struggle with race, class, wealth, education, land, and tradition, while offering an intimate look at the creative mind under stressa brave, meticulous articulation of madness in its guises through generations.
Michael Thomas received his BA from Hunter College and his MFA from Warren Wilson College. He is the author of the national best seller, Man Gone Down, winner of the International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award and a New York Times Top Ten Novel of the Year. Thomas's writing has appeared in A Public Space, The New York Times, and in Ben George’s anthology The Book of Dads. He lives in Brooklyn with his family. | <urn:uuid:6a0c434a-24d7-46b2-9d17-9242a08d4b37> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.at123.org/pdf/24289 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281162.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00528-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960738 | 372 | 1.695313 | 2 |
If people do not know about your business, so they can't be your customers. Social media raises your visibility among potential customers, it is possible to reach a broader audience using lots of time and energy. And it's totally free to make a business profile on all major social networks, so you don't have anything to lose. If you operate a small local store or a large national company, it doesn't matter. Social media is a fundamental part of your business marketing strategy.
Social Platform enables you to connect with your customers, help to increase awareness about your brand and boost your leads and sales. With over three billion people around the globe using social media each month, interactions and users on major platforms just keep growing.
Social media provides a whole lot of potential for businesses as customers habitually log into it daily and get in contact with companies. Although, in addition, it presents huge challenges for businesses, since it's a constantly changing place that's extremely noisy and crowded. | <urn:uuid:6e68c08d-6e65-4387-8f2a-31e351a034f8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://logicads.in/social-media-marketing.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00670.warc.gz | en | 0.956128 | 197 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Our goal is providing exciting and entertaining videos about Lafayette, its culture and traditions, and special events that make our city such a unique place to live. Available exclusively from LUS Fiber, you’ll find unique local programming that is both interesting and entertaining.
The premiere video features Judge Kaliste Saloom, Jr. recalling stories of past presidents and prominent faculty of Southwestern Louisiana Institute, currently known as the University of Louisiana at Lafayette. Judge Saloom offers precious first-hand insight into the history behind the university’s beginning and the names behind some of the most well-known buildings on campus. This video is the first of many interviews between Judge Saloom and Terry Huval, Director of LUS Fiber.
Other videos include an overview of the 2014 Eat Lafayette Campaign, the 2015 LSUAgCenter's On Cuisine du Jardin contest ,and multiple overviews of different Project Front Yard events.
The videos are featured on LUS Fiber’s Video On Demand system and will be available at no cost to all Digital Video customers! To access the videos, customers can click on the “On Demand” button on their remote controls, then scroll over to the Fiber 365: All About Lafayette category.
Don't miss out- call 99-Fiber to sign up for Video services.
WITH STATE-OF-THE-ART TECHNOLOGY VIDEO, INTERNET AND PHONE PRODUCTS, ONLY LUS FIBER HAS A 100% OPTICAL FIBER NETWORK ALL THE WAY TO YOUR HOME. NEED ASSISTANCE WITH YOUR PRODUCT, SERVICE OR ORDER? PLEASE CALL 99-FIBER (993-4237). | <urn:uuid:4d877ca4-c2af-4970-b46e-a50acd42cf54> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://lusfiber.com/index.php/video-main/fiber365 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00044-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.869703 | 338 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Austin in Travis County, Texas — The American South (West South Central)
Three river fords enabled the pioneers to cross the Colorado to grind their corn at Anderson mill and to socialize with families living in nearby settlements such as Round Mountain and Nameless. Maps of the 1890s show a church and school at Hudson Bend.
Of the 24 original surveys made on the 4,000-acre tract called Hudson Bend, four were acquired by the Hudson family. Many descendants still live in the area.
After completion of Mansfield Dam in the 1940s, the waters of Lake Travis flooded about half of the acreage. The cemetery was relocated at Teck. Ranches amid the cedar and live oaks and farms along the river bottom were replaced by subdivisions and recreational areas. A new Hudson Bend community grew up along the lake shores with a number of active civic organizations.
Erected 1978 by Texas Historical Commission. (Marker Number 6471.)
Location. Click for map. Marker is in pullout near 4516 Hudson Bend Rd, east side of the road. Marker is in this post office area: Austin TX 78734, United States of America.
Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within 10 miles of this marker, measured as the crow flies. Andersonís Mill (approx. 3.6 miles away); Lohmans Crossing (approx. 3.6 miles away); John M. King Log House (approx. 5.8 miles away); Cypress School (approx. 6.8 miles away); Roberts-Teague Cemetery (approx. 7.7 miles away); Site of Community of Nameless (approx. 8.2 miles away); Jolly Cemetery (approx. 9.2 miles away); Pond Springs Cemetery (approx. 9.3 miles away).
Also see . . . Austin-American Statesman Hudson Bend historical marker restored. (Submitted on December 27, 2015, by Mark Hilton of Montgomery, Alabama.)
Categories. • Settlements & Settlers •
Credits. This page originally submitted on , by Keith Peterson of Cedar Park, Texas. This page has been viewed 936 times since then and 23 times this year. Last updated on , by Richard Denney of Austin, Texas. Photos: 1. submitted on , by Richard Denney of Austin, Texas. 2, 3, 4. submitted on , by Keith Peterson of Cedar Park, Texas. 5. submitted on , by Richard Denney of Austin, Texas. • Bernard Fisher was the editor who published this page. This page was last revised on September 19, 2016. | <urn:uuid:e821b83e-6f71-4352-9ee4-3c288806548e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.hmdb.org/Marker.asp?Marker=97906 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00487-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944672 | 539 | 2.578125 | 3 |
By R. Upadhyay
Like Deobandi Ulema, Ahmad Riza Barelvi (1856-1921) a prominent Islamic cleric of brilliance who was born in Barelli of present Uttar Pradesh launched another institutionalised Islamic revival movement of Sunni Islam in 1880 which is more formally known as the Ahl-e Sunnat wa Jama’at. It is popularly known as Barelvi movement.
A general perception is prevailing among some section of intellectuals that the Barelvi sect of Sunni Islam belongs to a tolerant and moderate version of Islamic faith because it follows the unreformed Sufi tradition of tomb worship and other rituals which are strongly opposed by the radical Deobandis.
However, a close observation of Barelvi movement suggests that it is not so. Both the Barelvi & Deoband movements started in the second half of nineteenth century after the end of Muslim rule in 1857. They have always taken extreme positions so as not allow each other the religio-political and social space in the Muslim society. The recent murder of Punjab Governor Salman Taseer in Pakistan by a guard belonging to the Barelvi sect and over 500 Islamic scholars belonging to the same sect supporting his crime and urging the Muslims across the country to boycott his funeral has proved that like Deobandis, Barelvis are equally intolerant. Although, both the Deobandi and Barelvi scholars condemned the slain governor of Punjab for terming the blasphemy law as black law, the latter took a more hardened stand on this issue.
The myth of tolerance among the Barelvis was exposed long ago when Ahmad Reza Barelvi, the founder of this sect and his supporters did not participate in non-co-operation movement against the British on the plea that it was led by a Hindu leader Mahatma Gandhi. Pronouncing a fatwa he not only denounced the Deobandis as Kafirs and condemned them for accepting the leadership of a Hindu leader during freedom movement but also criticised those Muslims who joined hands with Kafirs (non-believers) even if it was for attaining Islamic objectives. His fatwa warned the Muslims neither to attend to the ailing non-Muslims nor to participate in their funerals. Difference of opinion between Deobandi and Barelvi was so bitter that during a fatwa-war over the shrine-associated rituals in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, “Ahmad Riza went to the extent of writing a fatwa accusing leading figures at Deoband – including Rashid Ahmed Gangohi, Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi and Ashraf Ali Thanvi – of being leaders of heresy and kafir”. His aversion with Deobandis is reflected in Fatwa-i-Rizvia, which “declares Deobandis as Kafirs and he who doubts that they are Kafirs are also Kafir” (The World of Fatawas by Arun Shourie, 1995, Page 646). “He objected to collaboration with Hindus in preference to ‘People of the Book’.” (Pakistan: Punjab Governor assassinated by “non-violent” Islamic group by Kal El on January 7, 2011).
During the period of Khilafat Movement, Mahatma Gandhi was advised to meet Ahmed Riza but when the latter was told that Gandhi wished to meet and speak to him- he said, “What would he speak about? Religion or worldly affairs? If it is worldly affairs, what can I partake in, for I have abstained from the world and have no interest in it?” (Al Mizaan, p. 335/ Islamic Encyclopedia). His fatwa also declared that the books and belief of Deobandis are worse than those of Hindus. As a foremost campaigner of Sufism, Ahmad Reza was also responsible for bringing the Indian Muslims into conflict with the Hindus by providing the theoretical basis for asserting a separate national identity in support of two-nation theory. It was the joint effort of the Barelvis and the Muslim Leaguers who spearheaded a movement for creation of a separate state of Pakistan for the Muslims.
A fact not to be missed is that except Deobandis, all the other Islamic sects in Indian sub-continent like Barelvis, Shias, Ismilis and Ahmadias joined the Muslim League and strongly supported Pakistan movement. It is also alleged that the Deobandis opposed the partition as they wanted to Islamise entire India. Another myth against Barelvis was created by Deobandis propagating that the followers of Ahmad Reza were only the backward section of Muslim community. But a review of the history of Pakistan movement suggests that majority of the All India Muslim League leaders from Bihar, Bengal, Uttar Pradesh and the erstwhile undivided Bombay state who were from elite section of the community belonged to the Barelvi Sect. After partition they migrated to Karachi, the then capital of Pakistan and Barelvis still constitute the single ethnic majority in this city. It is a fact that the Barelvi sect became popular among the rural peasantry and urban proletariat but it was equally found visible among a sizeable section of the petty-bourgeoisie. Barelvis may have antipathy against the radical Deobandis but it does not mean that it is a sect of liberal Muslims. It equally represents religious orthodoxy and share most of the perspectives of terrorism and want to establish Islamic political order as articulated by them.
As far as Islamic orthodoxy was concerned all the sects of Sunni Islam are birds of the same feather. The Islamic priestly class who either accompanied the Islamist conquerors or migrated to India for their career always believed in the pristine purity of Islam. However, being loyal to the Muslim power, they never dared to interfere even in the latter’s un-Islamic deeds. Thus, so long India was under Islamic rule the Ulema hardly had any internal difference. The problem arose only after the collapse of Muslim rule when the religious debate started among them for saving the Muslim identity in a non-Muslim government and bringing the community in action for restoration of Islamic rule which gradually led to various movements of Sunni Islam like Deobandi, Barelvi, Ahle Hadith, Nadwa, Tabliqh Jamaat and Jamaat-e-Islami. All these Islamic revival movements launched in India in the second half of nineteenth century following the end of Muslim rule had a common programme to radicalise the native Muslims of the sub-continent with the common objective for Islamisation of India.
The history of Islamic revival movement is rooted to the defeat of Muslim power in the battle of Plassey in1757 AD. The Islamic clerics saw this defeat as a danger signal not for Islam but for their respectable career under Islamic government. By the middle of nineteenth century the central authority of Islamic power in Delhi became weak and a sizeable section of Ulema took advantage of the Sepoy Revolt of 1857 and tried to turn it into Jihad which was crushed by the British. Another section of Ulema particularly the parental family of Ahmad Riza Khan and their clan remained aloof from this Jihad. Since then internal rivalry cropped up within the Islamic priestly class. In fact Ahmad Riza Khan was not sent to the Madrasa founded by Deobandi Ulema. Thus, the Deobandi –Barelvi divide was rooted more in their personal rivalry than in doctrinal schism which is secondary. The British exploited the situation and remained soft towards the followers of Ahmad Riza Khan.
Theoretically Islam regards Muslims as one nation, regardless of their origin, colour, tongue or homeland but Deobandi-Barelvi rivalry is also known to be rooted to their ethnic rivalry. Apart from their different ethnic roots, they also belonged to different Sufi orders particularly Naqshbandi and Qadiria and propagated Islam among the native people according to their own traditions. Even though, they immigrated to India from Arab, Gulf countries and Central Asia under the patronage of Muslim rulers and mostly settled around Delhi and adjoining regions of present Uttar Pradesh, those of Arabian lineage were proud of their origin from the land of Islam and therefore tried to impose their superiority over the non-Arabs. Maintaining a safe distance from the non-Arab Ulema they did not like to have any intellectual or social affinity with the latter. They quoted Hadith mentioning the superiority of Arabs. The Ulema of Arabian lineage who were the former leading students of madrasa founded by Shah waliullah also of Arab origin and a Sufi Islamist reformer of Naqshbandi order founded a Madrasa at Deoband in 1866 and launched Islamic revival movement. On the other hand Ahmad Reza, with his elite Pathan ancestry which migrated from Kabul during Muslim rule and settled in Bareli, he got his Islamic teachings from his grand father and father who were followers of Qadiria order of Sufism – was a devout believer of the traditional tomb worship of Sufi saints. He was a disciple of Qadiri Sufi Pir Shah Al-e-Rasul and founded Madrasa Manzar al-Islam in 1904 in Bareli. Since he did not accept the superiority of any Arab- rooted Muslim except Prophet Mohammad and his first four Caliphs, he was subject to intense intellectual rivalry and ego clashes with Deobandi Ulema.
Despite the fact that both the movements had their origin from the western part of Uttar Pradesh, Barelvis have an unrelenting aversion to the Deobandis and Deobandi-aligned movements such as the Nadwat al-Ulema, the Tablighi Jamaat and Jamaat-e-Islami. Other opponents of Barelvis are Ahle Hadith in India and Wahhabis in Saudi Arabia.
Beside the socio-political issues, both the groups also differed over some religious rituals and interpretation of Islamic scriptures. Opposed to the reformist Deobandis who believe in Islamic Puritanism and consider the tomb worship as a form of idolatry and other belief connected with the cult of Sufi saints as superstition, Ahmad Riza defended the traditional shrine worship of Sufi saints and many practices and also believed in their intercession with the Divine Grace through their unbroken chain ultimately reaching to Prophet Mohammad who intercedes on their behalf with Allah. Emphasizing the primacy of Islamic law over adherence to Sufi practices, the doctrine of Ahmad Riza considered the Prophet Muhammad as a super human being and a part of the divine light of Allah. It also suggested that the Prophet was provided by Allah the knowledge of the unseen and the deeds of each and every Muslim as well as of all the creation of Allah. His personal devotion to the Prophet was viewed by Deobandis as un-Islamic. To be more specific the Barelvi doctrine is though based on Quran, Sunnah (Tradition of Prophet) and monotheism its unique devotion to the Prophet is the main issue of difference with other Muslims. Some of the features relating to the Prophet and Sufi saints opposed by other sects of Sunni Islam are as under:
- The prophet Muhammad is made out of noor (light), and can be present at all places and at all times with the will of Allah, despite his physical death.
- Muslim saints (the Sufi aulias or, in Farsi pīrs ) are able to intercede to Allah on behalf of the living
- The praise of Muhammad in poetry, especially during Milad.
- The recitation of Urdu and Arabic poems in praise of the Prophet.
- The celebration of the death and birth anniversaries of various Sufi saints.
The Deobandi critics of Ahmad Reza often accused the latter as an agent for his non-participation against the non-cooperation movement against the British. Despite such accusation and criticism of his doctrine as superstition, the networks of Barelvi Ulema still hold a commanding influence among the larger majority of South Asian Muslims. In the absence of any official data on sectarian identity of Muslims in Indian sub-continent it may not be possible to give the actual strength of the respective sects but according to a rough estimate Sunnis who constitute between 75 to 80 percent are broadly divided into four sub-sects namely Deobandi, Barelvi, Ahle Hadith and Jamaat-e Islami. Of them Barelvis are estimated to constitute between 80 to 85 % against 15 to 20 % Deobandis, 4% Ahle Hadith and Jamaat-e-Islami.
Although, all the groups prefer to paint a picture of religious homogeneity of Muslims, their internal feud is so deep that it often results in violent fights. In fact most of the terror attacks in Pakistan are on Barevis by the Deobandi terrorists like Taliban and others. Even the Shia-Sunni conflict is primarily a Deobandi-Shia conflict which is also supported by Ahle Hadith. Both Deobandi and Barelvi follow Hanafi school of Sunni Jurisprudence they radically differ in its interpretation. “Barelvis represent oral orthodoxy cushioned by devotional practices; Deobandis represent literate orthodoxy with a strict adherence to the classical texts of Islam” (The State of Sectarianism in Pakistan- Crisis Group Asia Report No. 95, 18 April 2005).
Ahmad Riza in his last will to his followers said, “I do not know how long I shall live among you. You are the naive sheep of Mustafa and the wolves have encompassed you from all sides. They want to lead you astray and create schism and dissent among you. They wish to carry you to the hell-fire. So keep away from them, especially the Deobandi’s” (Al-Bastawi in his al-Bareilawi, p. 105).
(The author can be reached at e-mail [email protected]) | <urn:uuid:c49d15e0-f7e1-464f-8436-b0ae8492d458> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.eurasiareview.com/28012011-barelvis-and-deobandhis-%E2%80%9Cbirds-of-the-same-feather%E2%80%9D/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280730.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00254-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964245 | 2,899 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Reference Education Colleges and Universities North America United States South Carolina Lander University
Lander University has been providing educational and cultural opportunities since its founding in 1872 as Williamston Female College in Williamston, SC. The college moved to Greenwood, SC in 1904 and was renamed Lander in honor of its founder, Samuel Lander. Lander is now a four-year, coeducational, state-assisted university offering majors and minors in more than 40 areas of study. Among the degrees offered by Lander are the bachelor of arts, the bachelor of music education, the bachelor of science, the master of arts in teaching and the master of elementary education. An M.B.A. program is offered on the Lander campus by Clemson University. Lander University is accredited by the Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools to award bachelor's and master's level degrees. Additionally, its baccalaureate program in Nursing is approved by the State Board of Nursing for South Carolina and is accredited by the National League for Nursing Accrediting Commission (NLNAC). The School of Education is fully accredited by the NCATE.
Related categories 1
Last update:October 15, 2016 at 23:32:39 UTC | <urn:uuid:a02c6fab-c3f2-459d-a45a-209bfa937695> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.dmoz.org/Reference/Education/Colleges_and_Universities/North_America/United_States/South_Carolina/Lander_University/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00568-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950962 | 250 | 1.671875 | 2 |
EDTA Lubricant for Root Canal
Canogel contains 17% EDTA with 10% carbamide peroxide in water-soluble gel base for use in chemical and mechanical cleansing of root canal preparation. It lubricates the root canal and chelates the calcium salts to facilitate endodontic instrument penetrations. Due its effervescent action with sodium hypochlorite solution, cleaning of root canal becomes very easy. The use of sodium hypochlorite with the gel promotes internal bleaching of the tooth. This process is enhanced by the release of oxygen from carbamide peroxide.
- For chemical & mechanical preparation of root canals.
- Cleansing and enlarging of calcified root canals.
17% EDTA, 10% carbamide peroxide, purified water, thickening agent and excipients.
Method of Use:
- Either apply this gel at the canal opening with a pellet, or coat the instrument to be used with the gel for lubrication.
- Fill and ream canal by the conventional method and irrigate with 3% sodium hypochlorite solution to remove the debris from the canal.
- Rinse the canal with water to remove the EDTA Gel.
- Dry the canal with absorbent paper points before filling.
- Avoid prolonged or repeated contact with skin (allergic contact dermatitis), and eye.
- Avoid prolonged inhalation.
- Do not take internally as contact with the skin may cause irritation and burns of hypersensitivity. If the gel comes in contact with skin, thoroughly wipe off with cotton and alcohol immediately and wash well with soap and water. If skin rash, sensitization or other allergic reaction occurs, discontinue use and seek medical attention.
- If the product comes in contact with the eyes, rinse thoroughly with fresh water and consult a physician.
- The product should not be used with patients who have a history of severe allergic reaction to any of the components.
Avoid injecting solution beyond apex of canal.
Storage & Shelf Life:
Store in a cool and dry environment. Always close the cap immediately after use. Close the container carefully after use. Keep away from moisture. Shelf life is not affected after opening if stored in a cool dry place. If not to be used for a longer duration, keep it in a refrigerator. Allow material to reach room temperature prior to use.
3 years under proper storage.
Pack: 1x 5g Syringe, 10 x Application Tips.
To be disposed off based on the prevailing rules of the country in which it is used
|Warranty / Guarantee||100% Original Guarantee|
|Shipping Time||2-3 Working Days|
|Payment Mode||Bank Transfer, Credit Card, Debit Card, Net Banking, COD|
- Stock: Out Of Stock
- Reward Points: 3
- Model: Canogel | <urn:uuid:27f3e49a-ea54-4672-a3b5-31709b772e2c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dentaltrademart.com/ICPA/canogel.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00467.warc.gz | en | 0.852401 | 641 | 2.078125 | 2 |
US President Donald Trump is extending the voluntary national shutdown for a month as sickness and death from the coronavirus pandemic rise across the country.
The initial 15-day period of social distancing urged by the federal government expires on Monday (Tuesday NZ time) and Trump had expressed interest in relaxing the national guidelines at least in parts of the country less afflicted by the pandemic.
But instead he decided to extend them through to April 30, a tacit acknowledgment he’d been too optimistic. Many states and local governments have stiffer controls in place on mobility and gatherings.
Trump’s impulse to restore normalcy met a sober reality check Sunday from Dr Anthony Fauci, the government’s top infectious disease expert, who said the US could experience more than 100,000 deaths and millions of infections from the pandemic.
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Trump’s decision to extend the guidelines reflected a recognition that the struggle will take place over the longer haul.
The federal guidelines recommend against large group gatherings and urge older people and anyone with existing health problems to stay home.
People are urged to work at home when possible and avoid restaurants, bars, non-essential travel and shopping trips.
The extension would leave the federal recommendations in place beyond Easter on April 12, by which time Trump had hoped the country and its economy could start to rev up again.
The US had more than 137,000 Covid-19 cases reported by late Sunday afternoon, with more than 2400 deaths.
Fauci, speaking on CNN’s State of the Union on Sunday, offered his prognosis on the US’s Covid-19 situation.
“I would say between 100,000 and 200,000 cases,” he said, correcting himself to say he meant deaths. “We’re going to have millions of cases.”
But, he added, “I don’t want to be held to that” because the pandemic is “such a moving target”.
Dr Deborah Birx, head of the White House coronavirus task force, said parts of the country with few cases so far must prepare for what’s to come. “No state, no metro area, will be spared,” she said on NBC’s Meet the Press.
On Saturday, Trump was discussing tightening restrictions, suggesting then backing away from an “enforceable” quarantine of hard-hit New York, Connecticut and New Jersey.
Instead, the White House task force recommended a travel advisory for residents of those states to limit non-essential travel to slow the spread of the virus to other parts of the US.
Meanwhile, governors in other hot spots across the country have been raising the alarm that the spread of the virus is threatening their healthcare systems.
“We remain on a trajectory, really, to overwhelm our capacity to deliver health care,” Louisiana Governor John Bel Edwards said on ABC’s This Week.
“By the end of the first week in April, we think the first real issue is going to be ventilators. And we think it’s about the fourth or fifth of April before, down in the New Orleans area, we’re unable to put people on ventilators who need them. And then several days later, we will be out of beds.”
He said officials have orders out for more than 12,000 ventilators through the national stockpile and private vendors, but so far have only been able to get 192. | <urn:uuid:f7630e7f-60fb-421b-89ef-e68cd102f8aa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://patriotgunnews.com/2020/03/30/coronavirus-donald-trump-adds-30-days-to-us-distancing-guidelines-as-virus-spreads/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00074.warc.gz | en | 0.943658 | 799 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Good morning 🌞
Waterproofing is very important since it will eliminate leaks and leaks, to avoid the deterioration of the construction this will help to extend the useful life of the property.
It is not worth covering damp spots with paint if they re-form after a while due to seepage of water. So it is more advisable to review the origin of the problem that is causing it for repair.
How to waterproof?
With our Projected Asphalt Membrane ✨MAP®✨. And what is? ✨MAP®✨ is a waterproofing membrane that is applied projected and is formulated based on recycled rubber particles ♻️ agglomerated with additives for waterproofing roofs or facades. Its application creates a waterproof sheet on flat roofs, slopes, roofs and terraces. Later, it can be protected with hydraulic pavements, terraces, ceramic or others, interposing a geotextile separating sheet or leaving it visible.
Also, with a 10-year guarantee 🛡️ | <urn:uuid:b6933f2c-f978-49eb-a53d-25da9bd0aa40> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.vipeq.eu/obras/impermeabilizacion-de-cubierta-con-map-vipeq-en-bulgaria/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00670.warc.gz | en | 0.914307 | 212 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Sudoku Puzzles Made Simple
Individuals have actually consistently been amazed with puzzles. Figuring out codes, resolving hints as well as discovering responses are some of our favorite leisure activities. If you enjoy crosswords, jigsaws or taking on a Rubik's Cube, you ought to try Sudoku.
Sudoku is the puzzle that's taken the world by storm. It's a reasonably straightforward yet extremely addictive mathematical puzzle that will certainly check your persistence and flex your brain. Nowadays, Sudoku can be played on the Net, and also puzzles are quickly found in magazines, papers and also textbooks.
A Sudoku puzzle is based on a series of grids. There is typically one big 9x9 grid that holds nine smaller sized 3x3 grids. The major purpose of Sudoku is to put the numbers 1 to 9 right into each of the grid systems. While it is a mathematical puzzle, there are no formulas entailed. Absolutely nothing is added, subtracted, multiplied or separated.
Sound simple? Below are the basic guidelines:
There are 3 regulations that should be purely followed. As well as they are:
1. Every number from 1 with 9 will certainly appear only as soon as in each row.
2. Each of the numbers from 1 to 9 will certainly show up just when in each column.
3. Each number from 1 with 9 needs to show up when in each tiny 3 x 3 grid.
These guidelines should be aftered specifically making certain that each 3 x 3 grid has the numbers from 1 to 9 proving in the collection just when. Being real to the guidelines boosts the trouble in finishing the puzzle, and the difficulty in addressing it.
Sudoku game puzzles are available in various degrees of complexity. The total of the numbers offered in the very first degree of the 9 x 9 matrix could differ. You could thing that the game would certainly be much easier to play if there were even more numbers provided at the very first level. This is not necessarily real as it is the assignment of the numbers, as opposed to the quantity, that influences the degree of trouble.
If you would certainly such as to play Sudoku, comply with these actions to assist you complete the puzzle:
1. This is not always a guessing video game. A Sudoku puzzle can be addressed fairly practically. Look very carefully at the puzzle, assume about it, and search for clues. The majority of Sudoku players start by looking for the numbers that often show up in the first puzzle. You many you could have lots of Fours in the first puzzle. Look in the 3 x 3 box to see if the number 4 is also there. Currently, search for various other locations where the number 4 can be located. Begin looking up and also down the rows and also columns for 4s, as these will assist you find other 4s. Bear in mind, the number 4 must appear merely once in each of the rows, columns and in the 3 x 3 box. If there is already a 4 in columns 1 and 3, then a 4 could not be put in either of those columns. Thus, the missing out on 4 would rationally be changed in column 2. If you have the ability to effectively get rid of all the possibilities in the box, you will certainly have a much better chance of resolving the puzzle correctly.
2. When you have completed assessing all the 3 x 3 boxes, you require to complete the numbers 1 to 9 in the rows and columns that hold a lot of the numbers. If only 2 numbers are missing out on from a row or column, you can use the elimination method to determine where to position the last 2 numbers. Examine the rows as well as the columns to find out which numbers are missing out on. When you have removed the probabilities in each row or column, you will be able to fill up the line you are playing.
3. Use Action 1 and also Action 2 to assist you play Sudoku in its most basic form. Harder puzzles require innovative gamers who know the best ways to look for the probabilities of the puzzle. Experienced gamers will solve and also win the puzzle with all the provided various options in every square. There may be times when there is no way to eliminate a probability. If this takes place, the player will certainly should presume, and also will need to remember where the picked number was played, in situation it was the wrong choice.
Sudoku is really less complicated to play than the rules imply. Start with a couple of easy puzzles, as well as slowly work your way as much as even more challenging video games. It is certainly a game of wits, and may occasionally really feel like it will certainly endless. Be person, follow the regulations, maintain practicing and you'll find out the methods to assist you play Sudoku efficiently. For more information browse through our website.
Sudoku Puzzles Made Simple | <urn:uuid:e9d69f00-79c6-4f92-938e-b00646d378e9> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://joshlothspeich.exteen.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719027.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00303-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968019 | 1,000 | 2.265625 | 2 |
The English Department offers its students the opportunity to study and work with texts that have shaped, and been shaped by, the English language. We offer a diverse spectrum of classes ranging from antiquity to the twenty-first century and covering a wide variety of topics in literature, media, composition, and language studies. Our courses encompass and explore multiple cultural traditions, allowing our graduates to cultivate skills in critical thinking, creative expression, close reading, persuasive writing, and effective speaking.
These skills, developed through the study of literature, writing, linguistics, critical theory, and visual media, prepare our graduates to pursue a variety of careers in law, business, government, professional writing, publishing, and education. Students wishing to further develop their skills should consider our Graduate Programs.
The department provides small, student-centered classes, innovative educational methods, and close faculty-student interaction. Our faculty members have earned numerous awards for excellence in teaching, research, and writing; they are nationally and internationally recognized in creative and critical fields. Our students have amassed an enviable record of placement in graduate programs and professional positions.
We invite you to explore our site and welcome your questions or comments.
Kelly Magee, Chair
Katherine Anderson, Associate Chair
Learning Community Pledge
The English department fosters a learning community characterized by mutual respect and entirely free of harassment. Harassment is any improper and unwelcome conduct that might reasonably be expected or be perceived to cause offense or humiliation to another person. Harassment may take the form of words, gestures or actions which tend to alarm, abuse, demean, intimidate, belittle, humiliate or embarrass another or which create intimidating, hostile or offensive learning and classroom environments. If a student experiences harassment, whether sexual in nature or any other form, s/he should report the event as soon as possible to a faculty member, the department chair, and/or the Office of Civil Rights and Title IX Compliance. | <urn:uuid:b351020a-0781-4e8c-aee9-c6a648f34f2a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://chss.wwu.edu/english-department/our-mission | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.933982 | 396 | 1.632813 | 2 |
The leaders of many global companies remain unprepared for the effects of dwindling natural resources, according to new research from the Carbon Trust.
The study involved 475 senior executives in Brazil, China, Korea, UK and USA. It shows that many are not prepared to look at the issue of resource shortages now and believe they will not need to make significant changes in their business operations to combat resource scarcity until 2018.
Most consumer-facing companies predict that they will only need to take action within the next ten to 15 years at the earliest, meaning they may not have plans in place until 2025.
This pattern of inaction was found to be widespread, with 43% of the companies surveyed stating that they do not monitor the risks to their business of environmentally-related shocks such as energy price rises and environmental disasters. Over a half (52%) have not set targets for managing the reduction of carbon, water or waste.
Tom Delay, Chief Executive, Carbon Trust, says, 'The research shows that many organizations are 'asleep at the wheel' when it comes to addressing sustainability and resource scarcity, doing nothing to address a problem they indicate could hit their operations by 2018.'
'Currently, many organizations seem to accept that they will have to make significant changes to their business because of resource scarcity, and that these changes could impact their profits. But many are sleepwalking into a resource crunch,' he added.
The study also reveals a wide chasm between business-to-business and consumer-facing organizations' approaches to sustainability and when they expect to feel the impact of resource constraint.
While consumer-facing companies estimate that on average this will be in ten years time, those in 'B2B' organizations predict they will need to take action in four years. Given this split on the urgency to take action, notes the study, it is perhaps unsurprising that 54% of consumer-facing organizations surveyed do not have a sustainability program, compared to just 19% of 'B2B' companies.
A third (33%) of consumer-facing companies admit that they have no plans to introduce a sustainability program at all. As noted in the report, 'Across all organizations surveyed, it appears that sustainability is a long way off from being embedded within the boardroom. The sustainability buck stops with the board in only 4% of organizations surveyed. '
A quarter of the suvey respondents stated that no one is responsible or accountable for sustainability within their company.
The survey was conducted by telephone with 475 C-level executives from a variety of functions within a wide-ranging number of industries. Interviews were conducted during October 2012.
See also GLOBE-Net article:'An Interview with Linda Fisher Chief Sustainability Officer, DuPont' for an indepth discussion of the importance of having a designated senior officer responsible for monitoring long term sustainability issues that could affect a company's future survival. | <urn:uuid:862d47bc-7b57-4663-a130-95838d7bd120> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.environmental-expert.com/news/are-businesses-prepared-for-a-resource-constrained-world-338475 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00353-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971763 | 583 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Thanksgiving Choral Reading Booklet
Pilgrim Pilgrim What Do You See?
Get your little people ready for Thanksgiving with this cute little poem.This poem blends rhyme and history, touches on the common core social studies standards, and the choral reading allows opportunities for fluency development. Just a perfect activity to celebrate Thanksgiving! This free choral reading booklet is available from Lakeshorelearning.com. Just download and print from the link below. | <urn:uuid:4c32b393-5025-424a-ad8e-2a005e687926> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://readyteacher.com/thanksgiving-choral-reading-booklet/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00328-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.855966 | 93 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Archives:Tracking the History of Radar
The objective of this volume is to track the current state of research and stimulate further work in the history of radar -- a subject that the editors and contributors believe has received far less attention than it deserves. The essays in this volume either describe the development of radar in a particular period or in a particular country, present the military and political contexts of that development, investigate the science-technology relationship on varying institutional and cultural conditions, or raise some historiographic questions by making use of a particular approach to radar history. Together with the essays on primary and secondary sources of radar history, this volume attempts to give a fair representation of the current state of scholarship and to suggest some avenues for further study.
Most of the essays are based on papers given at a workshop held at the Deutsches Museum in Munich in December 1992, organized by the editors. The workshop was made possible by a generous grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, which enabled some forty leading historians and radar professionals from the United States, Great Britain, and Germany to assemble. This may have been the first time that radar experts interested in history and historians interested in the development of radar came together for discussion. This kind of interchange is extremely important if writing in the history of radar is to progress.
The workshop originated through the efforts of the IEEE Center for the History of Electrical Engineering in 1989 to cooperate with the Smithsonian Institution, the MIT Museum, the Science Museum of London, and the Deutsches Museum Miinchen to organize an international exhibit on the history of radar. Representatives of these organizations determined that further historical research was desirable before planning an exhibit. The Deutsches Museum took the next step of organizing this workshop, with some assistance from the IEEE Center.
Citation and Link
IEEE-Rutgers Center for the History of Electrical Engineering, Tracking the History of Radar, eds. Oskar Blumtritt, Hartmut Petzold and William Aspray (Piscataway, NJ: Institute of Electrical Engineers, 1994) | <urn:uuid:56ef41d1-069e-4c53-8e7f-6a5a68ee6f67> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://ethw.org/Archives:Tracking_the_History_of_Radar | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00430-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.928984 | 426 | 2.546875 | 3 |
I remember when I first came across the mysterious double-colon (::), also known as the Scope Resolution Operator. I was experimenting with a php library I hadn’t written, but was asked to extend, and at the time I had no idea what classes were, how they worked, or how they helped.
To try and figure out what the double-colon did I remember I peppered Google search with questions like, “What is the :: ?” or “what does the :: symbol mean?” Those searches proved useless. At the time php5 was still very new and most PHP coders were writing procedural code rather than object-oriented code.
Now that I use object-oriented design every day I thought I would explain what the double colon :: means, just in case there are any new PHP programmers, like I was, and are confused by the mysterious double colon.
When and how to use the double-colon:
You use the double-colon to access static methods from a class. To get the color of the bear, from the example class I wrote about here, you would write the following.
I will break the above line of code into its three parts.
1. Bear – First you write the name of the class you are referring to. In this case Bear.
2. :: – Then you use the double-colon because the method is declared as static.
3. getColor(); – Then you write the name of the function you are calling that exists within that class.
And that’s the basic use of the double-colon to call a method from within a class.
The double-colon is simply a way of referencing the class object and accessing the static methods (functions) and constants within that class. If you are new to this I just said a lot. I explain these things briefly here. | <urn:uuid:2b9f684c-a2c4-451c-8825-1e8ba0bf5ed2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://machiine.com/2011/the-scope-resolution-operator-explained/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.956032 | 398 | 3.046875 | 3 |
from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.
- noun The quality of being
from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
- noun (of a solution) the extent to which a solution has a lower osmotic pressure than some other
- noun (of muscular tissue) the state of being hypotonic
Sorry, no etymologies found.
Sorry, no example sentences found. | <urn:uuid:b59da6b6-5f2e-47d7-af2f-8f31eb8bc126> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wordnik.com/words/hypotonicity | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.77867 | 112 | 1.992188 | 2 |
This document, from the probate file of Benjamin Butler in Vernon County, Missouri, contains a request from the widow to have another person appointed administrator of her husband's estate. Fortunately this document clearly indicates Nancy Jane is the widow of Benjamin Butler.
What's a little unusual is that "her mark" is referred to as "her cross." Personally I don't think there is any real significance to the use of the phrase and it probably was simply the personal preference of the writer of the document.
But it's always interesting to note when a word or a phrase is not the one a person would expect.
|Request by Nancy Jane Butler for G. L. Kirk to be appointed administrator, Benjamin Butler Estate, Vernon County Missouri, Probate Case files; copy from the Missouri State Archives.| | <urn:uuid:010342ae-704e-44e0-8533-7add4c2241d7> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://rootdig.blogspot.com/2013/11/her-cross.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721141.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00415-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946804 | 162 | 1.703125 | 2 |
How to resample a signal by a fraction
85 views (last 30 days)
I have the time-domain received signal v(t) and I want to re-sample it at as v(t/(1+a)), where a is not an integer and it is in the order of ~10^-3. How can I do that in MATLAB, since the resample function requires that both P and Q be integer?
More Answers (2)
David Barry on 17 May 2013
I suggest you reciprocate your a variable and round it to the nearest integer. You then just need to make sure you get the arguments the correct way in the resample function.
y = resample(x,p,q) resamples the sequence in vector x at p/q times the original sampling rate
Malcolm Lidierth on 19 May 2013
Is this any help?
% SincResample returns the data convolved with a set of time-shifted windowed sinc functions, one for each of the samples [1..size(x,1)] in the input signal. | <urn:uuid:07ab0a04-509a-406b-9696-dffd0a9f76e4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://it.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/76201-how-to-resample-a-signal-by-a-fraction | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.907838 | 239 | 2.21875 | 2 |
When Your Comfort Matters
The HE-FT01 Fan Coil Thermostat is elegantly designed and ‘Impossibly Smart’ providing wireless over-the-Internet control of your home’s fan coil heating/cooling system. It maintains constant room temperatures by using internal air temperature sensor and controls 2-pipe or 4-pipe air conditioning/heating systems such as: split/multi-split systems, chillers and fan coil unit systems, central air conditioning systems, multi-zone VRF/VRV, etc.
HELTUN Z-Wave thermostat integrates seamlessly into your interior design and is available in 30 combinations.
When an electronic device carries out its function, a certain amount of heat is generated. As a result, the ambient temperature is usually reported incorrectly, with merely a 1.5-2.0 degrees Celsius precision. HELTUN engineers added two additional internal sensors that consider excess heat generated from the device itself, whilst a special compensating software calculates the ambient temperature with an incredible 0.2-0.3 degrees Celsius precision.
Inputs & Outputs
The HELTUN Fan Coil Thermostat has 5 relay outputs each with max 5A load and two independent inputs for relay channels which allow it to control systems with different power sources for Fan Speed and heating/cooling control. It is possible or to use outputs as dry contacts. E.g. to Input 1 with the required power source is for relay channels 1, 2 and 3, which can be loaded up to a max 15A and used for fan speed control. Input 2 with the required power source is for relay channels 4 and 5, which can be loaded up to a max 10A and used for heating/cooling control
HELTUN touch buttons are so sensitive that they react even before you physically touch them, processing the action at a 1-2mm distance. The buttons are: “SPEED” button to control the fan speed (cooling, heating or ventilation power). "Mode" button to quickly change the operating mode of the thermostat. Hold the Mode button to open settings menu that allows to modify up to 20 various parameters. "Time" button that allows you to quickly adjust the temperature for different time of day. “Climate” button – for selecting climate mode: Heating and Cooling, Heating only, Cooling only, Ventilation only. "+" and "-" buttons for adjusting the temperature.
HELTUN thermostat’s large LCD screen shows all the necessary information simultaneously and does not require any additional commands to access it. There is an instant access to information from all sensors: ambient room temperature, air humidity, data from the external sensor (e.g. floor, decking or roof temperature), current temperature settings, Thermostat’s operational mode, date and time. Automatic screen brightness control seamlessly adjusts to the ambient light conditions, making it easy to read even in the dark.
COM and ECO modes constantly maintain the set temperature. The user can easily change the temperature set for each mode. To do this, simply press the "Mode" button to select the desired mode, and use the "+" and "-" buttons to set the required temperature. TIME mode allows to set a different temperature for Morning, Day, Evening and Night period for each 7 days of the week.
In Heating & Cooling mode the thermostat will constantly maintain the desired temperature. If the ambient room temperature will be higher than the Set Temperature the device will go to the Cooling state. In case the room temperature drops the thermostat will go to the Heating state. In Heating only mode the thermostat will go to Heating state if the ambient room temperature will be lower than the Set Temperature and will go to IDLE state if the room temperature is higher than that required. In Cooling only mode the thermostat will go to Cooling state if the ambient room temperature will be higher than the Set Temperature and will go to IDLE state if the room temperature is lower than required. In Ventilation mode the thermostat will only ventilate.
Reduce your power bill by up to 50% and help look after the environment by activating the TIME mode.Adjust home temperature according to your habits by reducing it while you are away from home and increasing in the evenings and early mornings.On average, people spend about 12-14 hours a day at home. The rest of the time the house is empty and only needs minimum heating. Consider 7/8 hours of sleeping time in the hours spent at home, keeping in mind that the optimal sleeping temperature is considered to be 18 degrees Celsius.The thermostat can be set individually for morning, day, evening, night. For example, it can be assigned for Monday morning start at 7.00, then day temperature starting at 9.00 (when absent for work etc.), then evening starting at 18:00 (half an hour before occupants return). The night regime then begins at 23.30 (bedtime).You can have separate temperature settings for all 4 periods. But this is not all; as temperature can be programmed for each day of the week, weekends can be handled differently.
Fan Speed (heating, cooling or ventilation power) can be controlled manually or in Auto mode. There are 4 speed levels – Off, Low, Medium, High. In Auto mode the thermostat logic will automatically select the speed level regarding the difference of the desired temperature and ambient room temperature.
Hysteresis defines when the thermostat should switch the heating on or off when temperature changes. For example, if the desired temperature is 25 degrees Celsius and hysteresis value is set to 0.5 degrees, it will switch the heating on when ambient temperature drops to 24.5 degrees Celsius. The higher your hysteresis value is set, the more energy you can save but at the same time the variations in your room temperature will be higher. The factory default is 0.5 degrees.
Safe & Save
In case of a power cut or disconnection from the main power source, internal memory is not erased – once you switch the device back on, all your saved settings will be fully functional. To prevent children from meddling with your thermostat settings, you can activate the special child-safe mode.
HELTUN devices can be easily installed into any standard wall socket (rectangular or round type). | <urn:uuid:97add437-23b6-46e2-b1c3-d3e49ea41ff0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.vesternet.com/en-us/products/heltun-fan-coil-thermostat?_pos=8&_fid=d62d851bf&_ss=c&variant=31960624398451 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.865047 | 1,353 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Want more rage? We've got 11 charts that show how the superrich spoil it for the rest of us.
In the past 20 years, the US economy has grown nearly 60 percent. This huge increase in productivity is partly due to automation, the internet, and other improvements in efficiency. But it's also the result of Americans working harder—often without a big boost to their bottom lines. Oh, and meanwhile, corporate profits are up 20 percent. (Also read our essay on the great speedup and harrowing first-person tales of overwork.)
You have nothing to lose but your gains
Productivity has surged, but income and wages have stagnated for most Americans. If the median household income had kept pace with the economy since 1970, it would now be nearly $92,000, not $50,000.
Growth is back...
...But jobs aren't
Sorry, not hiring
The sectors that have contributed the most to the country's overall economic growth have lagged when it comes to creating jobs.
The wage freeze
Increase in real value of the minimum wage since 1990: 21%
Increase in cost of living since 1990: 67%
One year's earnings at the minimum wage: $15,080
Income required for a single worker to have real economic security: $30,000
Working 9 to 7
For Americans as a whole, the length of a typical workweek hasn't changed much in years. But for many middle-class workers, job obligations are creeping into free time and family time. For low-income workers, hours have declined due to a shrinking job market, causing underemployment.
Union workers: $47,684
Non-union workers: $37,284
Dude, Where's My Job?
More and more, US multinationals are laying off workers at home and hiring overseas.
Proud to be an American
The US is part of a very small club of nations that don't require...
22% are expected to respond to work email when they're not at work.
50% check work email on the weekends.
46% check work email on sick days.
34% check work email while on vacation. | <urn:uuid:5a99ff58-f573-4c29-9df3-d3b2792e7f22> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2011/06/speedup-americans-working-harder-charts | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280483.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00293-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.9577 | 455 | 1.992188 | 2 |
For Computer Organization and Architecture and Computer Systems courses in CS and EE and ECE departments.
Developed out of an introductory course at Carnegie Mellon University, this text explains the important and enduring concepts underlying all computer systems, and shows the concrete ways that these ideas affect the correctness, performance, and utility of application programs. The text's concrete and hands-on approach will help students understand what is going on “under the hood” of a computer system.
"synopsis" may belong to another edition of this title.
"I strongly believe that a programmer's perspective really helps in teaching the students the inner structure of computers." -- Kostas Daniilidis, University o f Pennsylvania "The book approaches the material in a way unlike any other, but similar to how I'd like to move our course." -- John Greiner, Rice University "This is an outstanding project and has a good chance of revolutionizing pedagogy in the field." -- Michael Scott, University of RochesterAbout the Author:
Randal E. Bryant received the Bachelor's degree from the University of Michigan in 1973 and then attended graduate school at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, receiving the Ph.D. degree in computer science in 1981. He spent three years as an Assistant Professor at the California Institute of Technology and has been on the faculty at Carnegie Mellon since 1984. He is currently the President's Professor of Computer Science and head of the Department of Computer Science. He also holds a courtesy appointment with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering.
He has taught courses in computer systems at both the undergraduate and graduate level for over 20 years. Over many years of teaching computer architecture courses, he began shifting the focus from how computers are designed to one of how programmers can write more efficient and reliable programs if they understand the system better. Together with Prof. O'Hallaron, he developed the course "Introduction to Computer Systems" at Carnegie Mellon that is the basis for this book. He has also taught courses in algorithms and programming.
Prof. Bryant's research concerns the design of software tools to help hardware designers verify the correctness of their systems. These include several types of simulators, as well as formal verification tools that prove the correctness of a design using mathematical methods. He has published over 100 technical papers. His research results are used by major computer manufacturers including Intel, Motorola, IBM, and Fujitsu. He has won several major awards for his research. These include two inventor recognition awards and a technical achievement award from the Semiconductor Research Corporation, the Kanellakis Theory and Practice Award from the Association for Computer Machinery (ACM), and the W. R. G. Baker Award and a Golden Jubilee Medal from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). He is a Fellow of both the ACM and the IEEE.
David R. O'Hallaron received the Ph.D. degree in computer science from the University of Virginia in 1986. After a stint at General Electric, he joined the Carnegie Mellon faculty in 1989 as a Systems Scientist. He is currently an Associate Professor in the Departments of Computer Science and Electrical and Computer Engineering.
He has taught computer systems courses at the undergraduate and graduate levels, on such topics as computer architecture, introductory computer systems, parallel processor design, and Internet services. Together with Prof. Bryant, he developed the course "Introduction to Computer Systems" that is the basis for this book.
Prof. O'Hallaron and his students perform research in the area of computer -systems. In particular, they develop software systems to help scientists and engineers simulate nature on computers. The best known example of their work is the Quake project, a group of computer scientists, civil engineers, and seismologists who have developed the ability to predict the motion of the ground during strong earthquakes, including major quakes in Southern California, Kobe, Japan, Mexico, and New Zealand. Along with the other members of the Quake Project, he received the Allen Newell Medal for Research Excellence from the CMU School of Computer Science. A benchmark he developed for the Quake project, 183.equake, was selected by SPEC for inclusion in the influential SPEC CPU and OMP (Open MP) benchmark suites.
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Book Description Prentice Hall, 2002. Book Condition: New. Brand New, Unread Copy in Perfect Condition. A+ Customer Service!. Bookseller Inventory # ABE_book_new_013034074X
Book Description Prentice Hall, 2002. Hardcover. Book Condition: New. book. Bookseller Inventory # 013034074X
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Book Description Prentice Hall, 2002. Hardcover. Book Condition: New. Bookseller Inventory # P11013034074X | <urn:uuid:bf853a12-a68f-4635-870e-98a2e9a65157> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.abebooks.co.uk/9780130340740/Computer-Systems-Programmers-Perspective-Bryant-013034074X/plp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719041.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00168-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.937306 | 1,028 | 3.25 | 3 |
IPDC Fund: Turning promise into possibilities.
The Intellectual Property Development and Commercialization (IPDC) Fund makes it possible for Ontario’s cancer research innovators to realize the commercial possibilities of their inventions by supporting early stage development projects.
A common bottleneck to the commercialization of innovative technologies is the scarcity of funding to support early stage applied research and development. Moreover, the funding gap between traditional public granting agencies and private investors continues to widen.
FACIT’s IPDC fund is designed to address/bridge these funding gaps and support cancer-related, early stage commercialization activities. These include: proof-of-concept (POC), validation, standard operating procedures, market analyses, IP protection and acquisition, expert guidance and management.
The IPDC fund also encourages collaborative working relationships among institutions, investigators, commercial partners and investors. This aligns with FACIT’s objective of cultivating maximum participation of Ontario organizations in the development, commercialization and utilization of inventions arising from FACIT activities (an “Ontario First” Policy).
IPDC Fund Attributes
An investment up to a maximum of $1,500,000 is available for each project, disbursed quarterly over three years, contingent upon satisfactory annual reviews by FACIT (please note, these are not grants). In exchange, FACIT receives considerations constituting various mechanisms (e.g. royalty on revenue, equity and/or convertible debenture) depending on the type of project and applicant. All applications will be reviewed by FACIT as well as appropriate external reviewers selected from academic and business communities.
Select IPDC Funded Projects
CellaxTM is a drug-polymer conjugate nanoparticle that when injected, selectively accumulates in tumours resulting in increased therapeutic benefits and reduced side effects.
This novel, best-in-class orally bioavailable proteosome inhibitor is being developed for the treatment of multiple myeloma and other cancers.
A unique analytical instrument for high throughput and highly multiplexed analyses of biomarkers for research, clinical trials and personalized medicine.
Novel bio-therapeutics for the treatment of cancer: Turnstone Biologics extends the boundaries of the emerging field of cancer immunotherapy. | <urn:uuid:0c570bad-e6e2-4036-a5d7-7ca6a2fd8397> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://facit.ca/ipdc-fund | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00186-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.914726 | 457 | 1.546875 | 2 |
WACO, TX – Second-year mechanical engineering graduate student, Sarah Stair, recently was notified of her selection to receive an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship to continue development of non-destructive testing techniques for carbon fiber composite materials.
The NSF-GRF program awards fellowships to outstanding graduate students in specific science, technology, engineering, and mathematics disciplines, and who are pursuing research-based graduate degrees.
The fellowship is just one of the numerous honors the Arlington, Texas, native has received. Last fall she earned both a scholarship award and second place for her poster presentation at the Society of Plastics Engineers (SPE) Automotive Composites Conference Exhibition in Novi, Michigan. Stair also was a top-four finalist for best paper/presentation at last year's American Society for Composites technical conference. More recently, her poster presentation took third place at the SPE's annual technical conference just this spring.
Additionally, she has received an NSF travel award to attend the Society of Mechanical Engineers International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Expo in San Diego, and this summer will serve an internship at Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque.
Stair, who works in Dr. David Jack's Materials Characterization Lab in the Baylor Research and Innovation Collaborative, says it was during her undergraduate studies that a now-retired Baylor professor first inspired her to focus on these versatile materials.
"It was an internship with Dr. (Walter) Bradley. I had him for materials class and he let me know about an internship he had that summer. I ended up working with the scanning electron microscope for about half the summer and I just fell in love with materials and material science."
Stair comes by her knack for engineering honestly — her father is a mechanical engineer for a major aerospace firm; he also attended Baylor. She is modest about the accolades that have come her way.
"I definitely think that a big portion of the awards and the recognition has been because of the topic," she says. But Dr. Jack has a different take.
"Sarah is one of hardest working students I've ever been associated with," he says. "Not only is she good in the lab, but she's good on the theoretical side of things. I know that wherever she goes, she will rise to the top of any group."
Stair plans to return to Baylor this fall to pursue her PhD.
ABOUT BAYLOR UNIVERSITY
Baylor University is a private Christian university and a nationally ranked research institution, characterized as having “high research activity” by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. The university provides a vibrant campus community for approximately 15,000 students by blending interdisciplinary research with an international reputation for educational excellence and a faculty commitment to teaching and scholarship. Chartered in 1845 by the Republic of Texas through the efforts of Baptist pioneers, Baylor is the oldest continually operating university in Texas. Located in Waco, Baylor welcomes students from all 50 states and more than 80 countries to study a broad range of degrees among its 11 nationally recognized academic divisions. Baylor sponsors 19 varsity athletic teams and is a founding member of the Big 12 Conference. | <urn:uuid:91045e85-a65d-436a-961c-4896d8dfb2f7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.baylor.edu/bric/?id=89962&story=142842 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281424.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00327-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969142 | 648 | 1.875 | 2 |
A laser diode falls under the category of optoelectronics which is a branch of electronics that deals with light-emitting and light-detecting devices. A laser diode is a special LED or IRED with a relatively large and flat P-N junction.
How a Laser Diode Works
Laser diodes are light-emitting diodes with two “mirrors” on the surface of the diode to create a laser cavity.
The p-n junction of the diode functions as the resonant cavity of the laser. Forward bias injects charges into the junction, causing spontaneous emission of photons.
When the diode is forward-biased, charges are injected into the active area of the junction, while electrons and holes recombine in the junction, creating spontaneous emission of photons.
When this process crosses a threshold level, current passing through the diode causes it to lase – in turn creating a “laser”.
A laser includes a photodiode to sense the intensity of light emerging through the polished rear end of the laser diode. External electronics are necessary to control the intensity of the laser, using feedback from the photodiode.
Laser Diode Operating Specifications
Lasing wavelength, λp: The wavelength of light emitted by the laser diode. For a single-mode device, this is the wavelength of the single spectral line of the laser output. For a multimode device, this is the wavelength of the spectral line with the greatest intensity.
Threshold current, Ith: The boundary between spontaneous emission and the stimulated emission shown on the optical power output versus forward current curve. Once past the threshold point, stimulated emission is achieved and the optical output increases significantly for small increases in forward current.
Operating current, Iop: The amount of forward current through the laser diode necessary to produce the specified typical optical output at a specified operating temperature.
Operating voltage, Vop: The forward voltage across the laser diode when the device produces its specified typical optical output at a specified operating temperature.
Optical power output, PO: Maximum allowable instantaneous optical power output in either continuous or pulse operation.
Operating temperature range: Range of case temperatures within which the device may be safely operated.
Monitor current, Im: The current through the photodiode, at a specified reverse-bias voltage, when the laser diode is producing its typical optical power output.
Reverse voltage, VR: Maximum allowable voltage when reverse bias is applied to the laser diode or photodiode. For laser diodes with an internal monitor photodiode, the reverse voltage is specified for the laser diode as VL(LD) and for the photodiode as VR(PD).
Photodiode dark current, ID(PD): The current through the reverse-biased internal monitor photodiode when the laser is not emitting.
Laser Diode Materials and Their Corresponding Radiation Wavelengths
Laser Diode Reliability
Excellent laser reliability has been usually associated with InP-based materials mainly because of their relatively high insensitivity to rapid degradation processes due to nonradiative recombination-enhanced defect motion effects, such as dislocation climb and/or glide, which, on the other hand, can occur more easily in GaAs-based materials. However, recent advances in laser wafer growth and processing have resulted in the dramatically improved reliability of GaAs-based compounds.
Before a laser product can be put on the market, it has to be demonstrated that operation of the laser will meet the agreed specifications under certain conditions for a specified period of time without failure. Using automatic test equipment for lasers reliability testing is critical to the performance of the laser. is expressed as the probability the laser has this ability, and failure is defined at the time when it loses this ability. | <urn:uuid:15a1021d-f78d-46a3-9cb2-67b70c19740a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.electrontest.com/what-is-a-laser-diode/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00269.warc.gz | en | 0.88565 | 796 | 3.984375 | 4 |
With an estimated value of $ 45.5 million, New Jersey’s livestock and poultry sector is a significant contributor to the state’s agricultural economy. The competitive pricing of the U.S. commodity market structure combined with New Jersey’s higher than average feed and production costs can be disadvantages for our state’s livestock industry. New Jersey’s livestock industry is currently approaching a new marketing era with fewer commercial size operations and a trend toward alternative livestock and production methods. Direct or value-added marketing will be a driving factor for the livestock industry in New Jersey. The Department has worked to ensure that the existing structure of the industry is maintained and has facilitated growth in the emerging market structure.
The Department continues to work to protect livestock and poultry from disease.
A healthy industry is also largely dependent upon well cared for animals. The New Jersey Department of Agriculture administers numerous disease control programs to ensure the health of livestock and poultry throughout the state. As a part of the Garden State Dairy Alliance, the Department offers voluntary animal health programs such as, “New Jersey Cattle Health Assurance Program” and the “New Jersey Sheep and Goat Health Assurance Program.” These programs improve the management of livestock operations as well as assuring a safer food product for the consuming public.
Through education and inspections, the Department is active in avian influenza surveillance and eradication, periodically testing the live poultry markets, livestock auctions, and backyard flocks while helping owners to limit the risk of avian influenza in the markets.
The successful Jersey Fresh brand has been extended to the livestock industry with the promotion of the Jersey Bred brand in 2005. As a result of the Federal-State Marketing Improvement Program grant to study the economics of raising and marketing goats a new goat purchasing program will be established to support this significant new industry.
In 2007 the Department will continue working to ensure animal health, enhance industry marketing, and encourage production while examining new and non-traditional New Jersey livestock products and markets for those products.
6.0 LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY STRATEGIES
6.1 Ensure Animal Health
56) STRATEGY – Through the continued implementation of best management practices for bio-security, the department will continue working to protect the health of the livestock and poultry industry from the immediate threat of devastating and economically damaging diseases.
6.2 Enhance Marketing Efforts
57) STRATEGY- Work to strengthen the branding of meat products under the Jersey Bred program.
6.3 Encourage Production of Goat Products
58) STRATEGY - Work to match the farm management practices of new and beginning farmers to include the feed out of goats on a seasonal basis to maximize inputs and reduce costs associated with feeding these ruminant animals. This will also aid in maintaining the open space benefits of rougher grasslands.
59) STRATEGY - To assist in the expansion of New Jersey’s goat production a goat purchasing program will be established through the New Jersey Junior Breeder’s program.
6.4 Encourage Production of Grass-Fed Animals
60) STRATEGY – The marketing and distribution of fresh and frozen grass-fed and organic grass-fed livestock products throughout the state will be supported.
61) STRATEGY– Expand the number of farmers markets that currently offer fresh meat products.
6.5 Work with Markets
62) STRATEGY – Continue the progress being made with the state’s livestock markets to upgrade their facilities and adapt their operations to better meet the particular needs of both traditional and ethnic markets. Initiate a dialogue with the auction markets to conduct graded sales.
63) STRATEGY – Support the marketing of locally produced poultry meat and eggs. Review the regulations that affect this industry to ensure that they address current industry models of production and distribution.
6.6 Promote an Annual Market for Sheep, Goats
64) STRATEGY – Continue to develop and promote livestock sales at several locations throughout the State and enhance support for the sale of market lambs and 4-H animals. | <urn:uuid:cf556d5b-07c3-4bd2-86e9-92d27b1e009d> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.nj.gov/agriculture/conventions/2007/livestock.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720026.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00457-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.910395 | 836 | 2.203125 | 2 |
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