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They found 56 sites (20 per cent) are at risk including the iconic ruins of Tipasa in Algeria.
African Heritage Sites threatened by coastal flooding and erosion as sea-level rise accelerates
Important heritage sites on the African coast classed as having “outstanding and universal value” are threatened by flooding and erosion because of the climate emergency, a new study warns.
A global team of climate risk and heritage experts have provided the first comprehensive assessment of how exposed the sites are to rising sea levels.
The team have mapped 284 African coastal heritage sites. They then modelled the exposure of each at future global warming scenarios. Dr Nadia Khalaf, from the University of Exeter, led the identification and mapping of the African heritage sites using satellite imagery and published literature, and created a spatial database of sites.
The research team created the first continent-wide, digitised, geospatial database of 284 coastal African Heritage Sites, consisting of World Heritage Sites that are either already recognised, or currently under consideration by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Centre and the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance.
They found 56 sites (20 per cent) are at risk including the iconic ruins of Tipasa in Algeria and the North Sinai archaeological Sites Zone in Egypt. By 2050, the number of endangered sites is projected to more than triple.
At least 151 natural and 40 cultural sites will be exposed to rising sea levels from 2050. Countries which are projected to have all their coastal heritage sites exposed by the end of the century are Cameroon, Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Western Sahara, Libya, Mozambique, Mauritania, and Namibia. Under the worst-case scenario, this is also true for Côte d'Ivoire, Cabo Verde, Sudan and Tanzania.
Dr Khalaf said: “Africa is at significant threat from the adverse effects of climate change, but how this will impact natural and cultural heritage is unknown. These sites have enormous economic, social, and ecological value for the people of Africa. Our research highlights the importance of multidisciplinary research across heritage and climate science and illustrates how the two can work in tandem to assess risks and mitigate loss and damage to African heritage.”
Professor Joanne Clarke, from the University of East Anglia and co-author on the paper said: “Small island heritage sites are especially at risk. For example, Aldabra Atoll, the world's second-largest coral atoll, and Kunta Kinteh Island (The Gambia) could both see significant amounts of their extent exposed by 2100 under high emissions raising questions of their survivability under climate change.”
The results highlight the importance of climate change adaptation and mitigation responses to protect and reduce the exposure of these iconic heritage sites. Professor Roshanka Ranasinghe from IHE Delft Institute for Water Education and co-author on the paper explained:, “if climate change mitigation successfully reduces greenhouse gas emissions from a high-emissions pathway to a moderate emissions pathway, by 2050 the number of exposed sites can be reduced by 25 per cent. This would be a significant saving in terms of Loss and Damage from climate change”.
Access the full study: Vousdoukas et al. 2022. Nature Climate Change.
Date: 11 February 2022 | <urn:uuid:b4420941-8639-4c50-99a5-9bb7dae0dab0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://arabislamicstudies.exeter.ac.uk/newsandevents/news/articles/africanheritagesitesthrea.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00479.warc.gz | en | 0.913499 | 694 | 3.359375 | 3 |
(print public service announcement)
Counterfeit medicines are fake or "copycat" medicines. They may not be safe and effective, and could be dangerous to your health.
Don't Be a Victim
Buy medicines only from state-licensed pharmacies that are located in the United States. Find your state’s contact information from the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP) at www.nabp.info
Look for this seal on Internet pharmacy Web sites. Pharmacies that carry this seal are listed at www.vipps.info.
Learn more at Counterfeit Medicine.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Food and Drug Administration | <urn:uuid:6d7c44a8-c63a-41af-930e-44d6f7bcec29> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/ResourcesForYou/ucm079306.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00005-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.896614 | 141 | 2.28125 | 2 |
On Tuesday, voters in two Colorado counties will determine the fates of a pair Democratic state senators who helped push through a slate of gun control legislation last spring. Senate Majority Leader John Morse and Sen. Angela Giron were targeted for recall votes by gun rights activists after supporting legislation that capped magazine capacity at 15 rounds and mandated background checks for all private gun sales. But what started as a genuine grassroots effort born out of anger over the gun vote has grown into something much bigger—a national proxy war on not just gun control but also reproductive rights. (The two Republican challengers who would take office if the recall succeeds have both taken heat for their support of the so-called “personhood” movement, which classifies zygotes as people.)
The results: a flood of outside money. Opponents of the recall have poured more than $2 million into the race so far, almost all of it from out of state. Leading the way is Taxpayers for Responsible Democracy, a pop-up organization that brought in almost all of its money from three sources—California philanthropist Eli Broad ($250,000); the environmental outfit Conservation Colorado ($75,000); and New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg, who chairs a group called Mayors Against Illegal Guns and gave $350,000. (In the wake of last year’s school shooting in Newtown, Connecticut, Bloomberg pledged to spend $12 million in support of pro-gun control candidates.) Another outfit, We Can Do Better, Colorado, serves as a local front for the DC-based Democratic Legislative Campaign Committee, which has poured $300,000 into the race.
Support for the recall has come mostly from one source—the Virginia-based National Rifle Association. The National Rifle Association Committee to Restore Coloradans’ Rights, as the NRA’s recall group is called, had spent $362,000 as of September 3, with more expected over the last week. But in the last month, a new organization called Free Colorado made waves when it released this ad targeting Morse by falsely alleging that he had called gun ownership a “sickness.” (Morse, channeling RFK, had referred to gun violence as a sickness, which is probably a natural human reaction for someone who has lived through both Columbine and Aurora.)
Free Colorado is not required by the state to disclose how much it has spent on the recall or where that money came from.
There’s no way to know how this stacks up to previous recall efforts in Colorado because there haven’t been any. But by way of comparison, in 2010, when Morse was last up for reelection, he spent $112,770 in a race he only narrowly won. That same year, Giron spent just $71,136. Bloomberg, Broad, the NRA, and the DLCC have each contributed more than the combined sum. Abortion rights groups Planned Parenthood and NARAL are both running get-out-the-vote operations, as is Americans for Prosperity, the conservative dark-money outfit backed by the Koch brothers. (As the Sunlight Foundation explains, it’s difficult to find out how much money outside groups are spending on specific ad spots, because the Colorado Springs and Pueblo media markets are too small to fall under the Federal Communication Commission’s reporting requirements and such information is therefore not posted online.)
But Democrats have more than just money on their side this time. For one thing, while a majority of Coloradans dislike the gun control law, a roughly equal number oppose the recall. And the returns so far are promising: In Giron’s district, supporters have built up a 3-1 advantage in early voting. The idea that bucking the NRA meant an almost-certain political death has always been a myth. With all eyes on Colorado, people might just finally take notice. | <urn:uuid:4d2e4fcd-667f-4b11-98e3-47f2e0ecda4b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2013/09/colorado-senate-recall-gun-control-nra-bloomberg/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.965202 | 791 | 1.632813 | 2 |
A new device that can shape and steer beams of light at never before achieved speeds has been developed by a group of engineers. The new technology ensures the production of better optical devices such as holographs that can move rapidly in real time.
The acousto-optic array, which consists of 64 tiny piezo-electric elements, act as high frequency loudspeakers. The complex sound field generated deflects and sculpts any light passing through the new device. As the sound field changes, so does the shape of the light beam.
“This means that in the future laser beam-based devices will be able to be re-configured much faster than is currently possible. Previously, the fastest achieved is a few thousand refreshes per second,” said Bruce Drinkwater, Professor of Ultrasonics at the University of Bristol in Britain.
He added, “The reconfigurability can happen extremely fast, limited only by the speed of the sound waves. The key advantage of this method is that it potentially offers very high refresh rates, millions of refreshes per second is now possible. This means that in the future, laser beam-based devices will be able to be reconfigured much faster than is currently possible. Previously, the fastest achieved is a few thousand refreshes per second.”
The capabilities of laser beam shaping and steering are said to be crucial for many optical applications such as optical manipulation and aberration correction in microscopy.
Dr Mike MacDonald at the University of Dundee, explained, “The device can potentially be addressed much more quickly than existing holographic devices, such as spatial light modulators, and will also allow for much higher laser powers to be used. This opens up applications such as beam shaping in laser processing of materials, or even fast and high power control of light beams for free space optical communications using orbital angular momentum to increase signal bandwidth.”
The research was led by Drinkwater and MacDonald has appeared in the journal Optics Express. | <urn:uuid:8b5a4bfb-728f-47b1-81e9-0b7f62430cd2> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.microfinancemonitor.com/technology-ensures-ultra-fast-shaping-of-light-beams-production-of-better-optical-devices/25209 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720941.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00518-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956714 | 406 | 3.421875 | 3 |
Sri Lanka has shown remarkable persistence in low female labor force participation rates--at
36 percent from 2015 to 2017, compared with 75 percent for same-aged men--despite overall
economic growth and poverty reduction over the past decade. The trend stands in contrast to the
country's achievements in human capital development that favor women, such as high levels of
female education and low total fertility rates, as well as its status as an upper-middle-income
This study intends to better understand the puzzle of women's poor labor market outcomes in
Sri Lanka. Using nationally representative secondary survey data--as well as primary qualitative
and quantitative research--it tests three hypotheses that would explain gender gaps in labor
market outcomes: (1) household roles and responsibilities, which fall disproportionately on
women, and the associated sociophysical constraints on women's mobility; (2) a human capital
mismatch, whereby women are not acquiring the proper skills demanded by job markets; and
(3) gender discrimination in job search, hiring, and promotion processes. Further, the analysis
provides a comparison of women's experience of the labor market between the years leading up
to the end of Sri Lanka's civil war (2006+"09) and the years following the civil war (2010+"15).
The study recommends priority areas for addressing the multiple supply- and demand-side factors
to improve women's labor force participation rates and reduce other gender gaps in labor market
outcomes. It also offers specific recommendations for improving women's participation in the five
private sector industries covered by the primary research: commercial agriculture, garments,
tourism, information and communication technology, and tea estate work.
The findings are intended to influence policy makers, educators, and employment program
practitioners with a stake in helping Sri Lanka achieve its vision of inclusive and sustainable job
creation and economic growth. The study also aims to contribute to the work of research
institutions and civil society in identifying the most effective means of engaging more women--
and their untapped potential for labor, innovation, and productivity--in Sri Lanka's future. | <urn:uuid:970644d4-2133-4ab1-8b66-e7b7d1106c42> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.skylightbooks.com/book/9781464810671 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.924438 | 438 | 2.546875 | 3 |
ADNOX A/S, the R&D start-up in which Hans Jensen Lubricators A/S recently acquired the majority stake, has released details of their Advanced Diesel NOx reduction method, “ADNOX”. The ADNOX System is a SCR system using diesel oil as reductant offering more than 80% NOx reduction. The oil injected is converted to heat, leaving 50% more heat for recovery.
The advantages are:
• No need for storage tanks for the reductant.
• No extra overall costs of reductant.
• The waste heat can be recovered for production or electricity.
• Significant reduction of weight and space saving, leaving more cargo space.
Due to the harmful effects of NOx, the emission of NOx at sea is controlled by IMO requirements besides being regulated by local NOx taxes. To comply with IMO regulations a reduction of NOx of more than 75% is required for internal combustion engines running on oil in Emission Control Areas. Selective Catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx using urea as reductant is the standard system today for NOx reduction, especially on ships.
ADNOX A/S has developed a full IMO TIER III compliant SCR System, using only diesel oil as reductant. This means that no extra storage tanks are required, and no crystallization of the reductant is experienced. Further to this, diesel oil is non-corrosive, and the evaporation and mixing of the diesel oil with the exhaust only needs a short pipe length upstream the ADNOX Reactor.
The ADNOX SCR system uses approximately 7 % of the total oil consumption, an amount equivalent to 14 L/MWh. The oil injected is cracked on the multi functioning catalyst and takes part in the NOx reduction (NOx -> N2 and H2O) which produces heat, increasing the exhaust temperature at reactor outlet. The in-creased exhaust temperature means an exhaust-boiler, can be installed after the Reactor and high-quality steam can be produced and used for production of water or electricity. In the case of an exhaust-boiler present, an electricity amount in kW corresponding to 7% of the shaft power output can be produced. I.e. more than 80 % NOx reduction can be achieved, at no extra overall cost of reductant. Furthermore, the ADNOX SCR system weighs approximately 40% less than the standard SCR system of today.
On four-stroke diesel engines, the Reactor is installed after the TC-Turbine. On two-stroke diesel engines, the Reactor is installed between exhaust receiver and TC – Turbine inlet.
The ADNOX SCR system is patented and has achieved an “Approval in Principle” by DNV-GL, confirming no risk of explosion. The ADNOX SCR system is fit for both retrofit and newbuilding application.
The ADNOX SCR system is developed in Denmark and patent applied. The inventor, Ole Fanøe mentions that the development was done on requests from ship-operators for a NOx reduction system, offering the same NOx reduction degree as conventional systems, however with less operational problems. | <urn:uuid:4a4241fa-b065-4d4e-b8d5-bdace18067a0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.adnox.dk/the-modern-approach-to-nox-reduction/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00074.warc.gz | en | 0.946389 | 681 | 1.921875 | 2 |
N/APosted on - 04/02/2012
I wish to active my video out in my computer. My operating system is Ubuntu and I am quite new to it, exactly don’t know how to operate it. There is an error showed up and mentioned that error initializing the selected video out. Can anyone tell me how I can configure video out on my computer?
I will be really grateful for your help.
Error opening/initializing the selected video_out (-vo) device.
Getting Run Time Error while video output in Ubuntu
You can try ubuntu at your own risk. It does not assure you a dependability/ reliability. However many use ubuntu. This operating system has a number of softwares that come inbuilt with it and comes with the Operating System Ubuntu disk.
Many programs are not found on this disk and they have to be downloaded. UBUNTU is configured to connect automatically to its site to download packages/ plugins to be installed whenever a plugin is not found. This your Video =out plugin must be absent and needs to be downloaded. Try the UBUNTU site and download plugin for Video out.
This will work. | <urn:uuid:c7e705e5-91b7-4bed-82df-0c991b3191ab> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.techyv.com/questions/getting-run-time-error-while-video-output-ubuntu/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00305-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.933046 | 247 | 1.640625 | 2 |
Deuteronomy 21Expanded Bible (EXB)
A Person Found Murdered
21 Suppose ·someone is found murdered [L a corpse], lying in a field in the land the Lord your God is giving you as your ·own [possession], and no one knows who ·killed [L struck] the person. 2 Your elders and judges should go to where the ·body [L corpse] was found, and they should measure how far it is to the nearby cities. 3 The elders of the city nearest the body must take a ·young cow [heifer] that has never worked or ·worn [L pulled] a yoke, 4 and they must lead her down to a ·valley [wadi] that has never been plowed or planted, with a ·stream [wadi] flowing through it. There they must break the ·young cow’s [heifer’s] neck. 5 The priests, the sons of Levi, should come forward, because they have been chosen by the Lord your God to serve him and to give blessings in the Lord’s name. They are the ones who decide cases of ·quarreling [accusation] and attacks. 6 Then all the elders of the city nearest the ·murdered person [L corpse] should wash their hands over the ·young cow [heifer] whose neck was broken in the ·valley [wadi]. 7 They should declare: “·We did not kill this person [L Our hands did not spill this blood], and ·we [L our eyes] did not see it happen. 8 Lord, ·remove this sin from [make atonement for] your people Israel, whom you have ·saved [redeemed; ransomed]. Don’t ·blame your people, the Israelites, for the murder of this innocent person [L place the guilt of innocent blood in the midst of your people Israel].” And so the murder will be ·paid [atoned] for. 9 Then you will have ·removed [banished; purged] from yourselves the guilt of ·murdering an innocent person [innocent blood], because you will be doing what ·the Lord says is right [L is right/virtuous in the eyes of the Lord].
Captive Women as Wives
10 When you go to war against your enemies, the Lord will ·help you defeat them [L give them into your hands] so you will take them captive. 11 If you see a beautiful woman among the captives and ·are attracted to [desire; fall in love with] her, you may take her as your wife. 12 Bring her into your home, where she must shave her head and cut her nails 13 and change the clothes she was wearing when you captured her. After she has lived in your house and cried for her ·parents [L father and her mother] for a month, you may marry her. You will be her husband, and she will be your wife. 14 But if you are not pleased with her, you must let her go anywhere she wants. You must not sell her for money or make her a slave, because you have ·taken away her honor [humiliated; exploited her].
The Oldest Son
15 A man might have two wives, one he loves and one he ·doesn’t [L hates; dislikes]. Both wives might have sons by him. If the ·older son [firstborn] belongs to the wife he ·does not love [L hates; dislikes], 16 when that man wills his property to his sons he must not give the son of the wife he loves what belongs to the ·older [firstborn] son, the son of the wife he ·does not love [L hates; dislikes]. 17 He must agree to give the ·older son [firstborn] two shares of everything he owns, even though the ·older son [firstborn] is from the wife he does ·not love [L hates; dislikes]. That son was the first ·to prove his father could have children [L of his virility], so he has the rights that belong to the ·older son [firstborn].
Sons Who Refuse to Obey
18 If someone has a son who is stubborn, who ·turns [rebels] against his father and mother and doesn’t obey them or listen when they ·correct [discipline] him, 19 his ·parents [L mother and his father] must ·take [grab] him to the elders at the city gate [Ex. 21:15; Lev. 20:9]. 20 They will say to the elders, “Our son is stubborn and ·turns [rebels] against us. He will not obey us. He ·eats too much [is a glutton], and he is ·always drunk [a drunk].” 21 Then all the men in his town must ·throw stones at [stone] him until he dies. ·Get rid of [Banish; Purge] the evil among you, because then all the people of Israel will hear about this and be afraid.
22 If someone is guilty of a sin worthy of death, he must be put to death and his body ·displayed [hung] on a tree. 23 But don’t leave his body hanging on the tree overnight; be sure to bury him that same day, because anyone whose body is displayed on a tree is cursed by God [Matt. 27:57–58; Gal. 3:13]. You must not ruin the land the Lord your God is giving you as your ·own [L inheritance].
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Three easy steps to start your free trial subscription to Bible Gateway Plus. | <urn:uuid:b1c7cdb7-ac33-4668-9e17-2312f7661ac2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Deuteronomy+21&version=EXB | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00513-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968124 | 1,420 | 1.882813 | 2 |
In a recent study led by the University of Bristol, scientists have shown how to simultaneously harness multiple forms of regulation in living cells to strictly control gene expression and open new avenues for improved biotechnologies.
Engineered microbes are increasingly being used to enable the sustainable and clean production of chemicals, medicines and much more. To make this possible, bioengineers must control when specific sets of genes are turned on and off to allow for careful regulation of the biochemical processes involved.
Their findings are reported in the journal Nature Communications.
Veronica Greco, lead author and a Royal Society funded PhD student at Bristol’s School of Biological Sciences, said: “Although turning on or off a gene sounds simple, getting a living cell to do it on command is a real challenge. Every cell is slightly different, and the processes involved are not 100 percent reliable.”
To solve this issue, the team took inspiration from nature where key events are often controlled by multiple processes simultaneously.
Veronica Greco added: “If you look at a Venus flytrap you find that a trap will only close when multiple hairs are triggered together. This helps reduce the chance of a trap closing by accident. We wanted to do something similar when controlling the expression of a gene inside a cell, adding multiple-levels of regulation to ensure it only comes on precisely when we want it to.”
Professor Claire Grierson, co-author and Head of the School of Biological Sciences at Bristol, added: “What was wonderful about this project was how well it worked to harness two of the core processes present in every cell and underpinning all of life – transcription and translation.”
The team showed that by using this type of multi-level regulation, they could create some of the most high-performance switches for gene expression built to date.
Moreover, working in collaboration with Dr Amir Pandi and Prof Tobias Erb from Bristol’s Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, the team was able to go a step further. They demonstrated that even when used outside of living cells, these multi-level systems offered some of the most stringent control over gene expression yet seen.
Dr. Thomas Gorochowski, senior author and a Royal Society University Research Fellow at Bristol, said: “When we engineer microbes, we often try to simplify our systems as much as possible, thinking we’ll have better control over what is happening. But what we’ve shown is that embracing some of the inherent complexity of biology might be the key to fully unlocking its potential for the high-precision biotechnologies of tomorrow.”
Reference: “Harnessing the central dogma for stringent multi-level control of gene expression” by F. Veronica Greco, Amir Pandi, Tobias J. Erb, Claire S. Grierson and Thomas E. Gorochowski, 19 March 2021, Nature Communications.
The study was funded by the Royal Society, Max Planck Society, European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO), BBSRC and EPSRC with support from the Bristol BioDesign Institute (BBI). | <urn:uuid:d89ba793-103f-4e9f-ad34-6cc5d3a965ea> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://scitechdaily.com/bioengineers-learn-the-secrets-to-precisely-turning-on-and-off-genes-in-living-cells/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.931208 | 658 | 3.515625 | 4 |
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Cutting can be a little different as once a diet is over, anabolic steroid use or not you will not hold peaked conditioning but this doesnt mean you have to turn into a fat pigon steroids and then give it more rest. A diet is not just about losing weight or gaining muscle, it is about training for that and making sure that the other things in the diet line up with this. The key here is to not make the lifestyle seem like the lifestyle was the priority. A diet must have a good mix of things to improve your performance. If dieting is going to make you lose weight or increase some of your strength or speed you are going to have to make sure that the other ingredients in the diet are in place and have the right ratios in working the muscles. Sometimes it is nice to have a nice big plate of veggies in your fridge with your lunch in case you have a hard day or some chicken breast or rice in an omelet. But, the key here is that if you are going to make a diet good for you you must make sure that it is also something that your body needs in order to get results. So what do dieting for athletes look like? Let's take my own example to see what I mean. Let me talk a little bit about the basics before delving into the specifics. If you're looking at a weight lifting program that has nothing to do with strength training, you are likely to get into trouble pretty quick as most people can probably relate to this. If you are trying to get to a certain bodyweight or higher for an event that has a high focus on strength, then all of the things I described above and below must be in place (as shown by the weight lifting portion of the program) in order for the program to be good for you and your goals. This does not mean that there will be perfect ratios in training, just that your training must be as strong and focused as when you would train with a normal strength coach. First things I will cover is the strength components of the program. Bodybuilding Strength Training: Squat and Deadlift Power Clean and Clean and Jerk Bench Press Crow Bar Curls Reverse Hyper Pull Ups Dips I did not include anything in this list that I personally find useful but some people might be interested to know how it works, you can read about that for yourselves if you want to learn more. So the first thing we have to do is make sure that we have everything we need to get our body where we want it to be in order to be able to Related Article: | <urn:uuid:e4a74879-0ba6-48c9-ad38-75e435e2a0b2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.solersmobilecarwash.net/profile/hunleyseikely/profile | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.960053 | 1,448 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Born to Swing: Lil Hardin Armstrong’s Life in Jazz
by Mara Rockliff, Illustrated by Michele Wood
Publication Date: Jan 02, 2018
List Price: $17.95
Format: Hardcover, 32 pages
Target Age Group: Picture Book
Imprint: Calkins Creek
Publisher: Boyds Mills Press
Parent Company: Boyds Mills Press
Borrow from Library
Here is the story of “Hot Miss Lil” Hardin Armstrong, legendary jazz pianist, composer, and bandleader—and a female pioneer on the music stage.
Ever since she was a young girl, Lil Hardin played music with a beat. She jammed at home, at church, and even at her first job in a music store. At a time when women’s only place in jazz was at the microphone, Lil earned a spot playing piano in Chicago’s hottest band. She went on to achieve fame as a bandleader and composer, and “swung” with many of the greatest early jazz musicians, including her husband, Louis Armstrong.
Award-winning author Mara Rockliff and acclaimed illustrator Michele Wood brilliantly capture the rhythms and passions of this jazz pioneer and legend whose music and story deserve to be heard. This biography contains strong back matter which includes archival images, further information about Lil, a list of some of her songs and recordings, a timeline, an author’s note, and a bibliography. | <urn:uuid:2f4fcafc-b4ac-43e9-b787-a5950402aace> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://aalbc.com/books/bookinfo.php?isbn13=9781629795553 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00475.warc.gz | en | 0.937555 | 322 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Westchester Community College Professor of English Richard A. Courage (resident of Valhalla, New York) has been garnering national attention for a book he has co-authored. Later this month, he will receive the Jean Block Award for nonfiction at the annual dinner of the Hyde Park Historical Society in Chicago, Illinois. Previously, the Illinois State Historical Society announced that a Superior Achievement in Scholarly Publication award had been given to his book, The Muse in Bronzeville: African American Creative Expression in Chicago, 1932-1950.
Courage has been making a number of presentations to spread the word about his book and the topic it covers. He will next speak locally at the Warner Library at 121 Broadway in Tarrytown on February 28 at 7:00 p.m.
The Hyde Park event will be held on February 23 in the Quadrangle Club of the University of Chicago. The keynote speaker at that event will be Tim Samuelson, Chicago’s official cultural historian. The Block Award is given to nonfiction publications of historical significance which meet high academic standards. This award is only given when a publication meets the Society’s standards, and only four have been given since the award’s inception in 2003.
Courage co-authored The Muse in Bronzeville with his own teacher and mentor, the late Professor Robert Bone of Columbia University. Bone was a resident of Kendall on Hudson until his death in 2007.
This highly informative and accessible work offers the first comprehensive account of the creative awakening that occurred on Chicago’s South Side from the early 1930s to the Cold War. During these years, African American artists such as Richard Wright, Gwendolyn Brooks, Mahalia Jackson, Muddy Waters, Katherine Dunham, Charles White, and Gordon Parks produced works of literature, music, and visual art fully comparable in distinction and scope to the achievements of the Harlem Renaissance.
Since its publication, The Muse in Bronzeville has been well-received by scholarly and general readers alike. Besides the HPHS and ISHS awards, the book has been nominated for the Westchester Library Association’s Washington Irving Award for Nonfiction and several other prizes and is “Highly Recommended” by Choice: Current Reviews for Academic Libraries. Monthly Review calls it “A compelling book which will be a standard in its field for many years to come,” while International Review of African American Art praises it for revealing “the truth about the deeply rooted but largely forgotten history of the Chicago Renaissance…in page-turning prose.”
More information is available at richardacourage.com. | <urn:uuid:a2f3a845-3332-4d9a-a1c1-5192bbedc429> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.sunywcc.edu/news/professor-receives-honors-for-scholarly-work-discusses-book-locally-in-chicago/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00443-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947242 | 536 | 1.898438 | 2 |
Our sophisticated and intelligent traffic control system manages traffic according to complex algorithms and can adapt traffic signal timings to deal with unexpected conditions and minimise delays.
Here are just some of the reasons why you should choose SCATS for your town or city:
SCATS maximises road network use with real-time adaptive control. Its self-calibration system minimises manual intervention, which can reduce your traffic management operational costs. SCATS requires no ongoing traffic surveys and site visits to update traffic plans.
SCATS has proven itself in cities and towns across the globe, providing real and measurable reductions in road travel times and delays under various road network, traffic and driving conditions. Read more about Proven performance.
A global traffic solution
SCATS has been in use for over 40 years and is sold in 27 countries around the world.
SCATS features a wide range of configuration parameters. It is an 'Engineers toolbox' with the power to allow engineers to reconfigure the system to meet changing traffic needs.
SCATS is designed to be modular and can be integrated with a wide variety of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS).
Ongoing software improvements
We're regularly improving our software to meet the needs of our customers and the demands of increasing traffic, and the evolution of traffic systems.
Owned, developed and used by the New South Wales Government, Australia
When you choose SCATS you are choosing a system that is 100% owned, developed and used by the NSW Government of Australia for over 40 years. | <urn:uuid:917460ff-fb71-4b43-b9c1-27b09efa770c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.scats.com.au/why-choose-scats.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00286-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934224 | 308 | 1.757813 | 2 |
Updating the chance of another civil war. May 3rd 2019
The Mueller report failed to deliver solid evidence of collusion between president Trump and the Russians. Despite this the Democrats continue to investigate.
Caravans continue across the border and the nation is now starting to believe it is a problem. Yet no compromise appears to be anywhere on the horizon.
We still have hope, but the bridge to compromise gets further away every day.
The good news is, we are still not at 60%. That is the range where protests and violence become common.
Preparation at this point is a good idea:
Although a bug out plan is probably not necessary, it would make sense to start preparing for the worst. The nation is highly divided and attacks on politicians and between protestors is becoming more common. We have already had attempted murder of Republican congressional representatives and more is likely to come.
Having a few weeks of food and water is always a good idea in case of natural disaster. Right now it would be irresponsible not to prepare for civil unrest. The radical elements on both sides do not appear to be backing down and the attacks on politicians are becoming more frequent.
Another incident like the baseball practice shootings could tip the nation quickly towards more wide spread violence.
As of October 12th 2018 we have the chance of civil war at 51%
|October 12th update|
|Factor||Possible Points||Current Points|
|Division in the nation||5||5|
|Is there a path to fix this divide?||10||8|
|Does at least one side see a path to victory||5||5|
|Do the people of the nation believe it is likely?||5||3|
|How is the economy and standard of living?||10||2|
|Is there a clear geographic divide?||5||4|
|Is there already violence?||5||2|
|Have the violent parties lost respect for law and enforcement?||10||3|
|Is there main street support for either or both of the violent parties?||5||2|
|Are the politicians using threat of war for political purposes?||10||3|
|Is there a religious divide||10||1|
|Is there fighting over natural resources||5||1|
While we had hoped that the winding down of the Kavanaugh hearings would result in a lowering of the odds, recent comments from Hillary Clinton and Eric Holder have instead moved the needle closer to civil unrest or civil war.
It could be much worse. We believe the path the nation is on will more likely lead to civil war than not at this point. But there is time to change course.
We will be looking at the algorithm in further detail next week and are bringing in an additional analyst from the left to make sure we keep the bias out of this as much as possible.
We are always looking for people to participate in a rolling poll as well.
Just contact us via email at firstname.lastname@example.org
You will be emailed monthly to ask just a few short questions. Please include your political leaning and as much social support for your position as is possible or that you feel comfortable with. We must be able to verify that you either left, right or moderate and that you are politically engaged. | <urn:uuid:654b87e3-8b4f-4f9f-a8f1-34823f1801a4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://anothercw.com/home/current-chance-of-another-civil-war/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.945491 | 715 | 1.710938 | 2 |
Description of original award (Fiscal Year 2010, $300,000)
The Congressionally Recommended Awards Program, authorized by the Department of Justice Appropriations Act, 2010 (Pub. L. 111-117), helps improve the functioning of the criminal justice system, prevent or combat juvenile delinquency, and/or assist victims of crime (other than compensation). Funds should be used for the projects recommended by Congress, in the amounts specified in the joint explanatory statement incorporated by reference into Pub. L. 111-117, and generally consistent with one or more of the following statutory purposes: improving the functioning of the criminal justice system, preventing or combating juvenile delinquency, or assisting victims of crime (other than compensation). Each of these purposes is framed using language drawn, respectively, from the former Byrne discretionary statute, the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act, the Victims of Crime Act, and the Violence Against Women Act. This project is authorized and funded through a line item in the FY 2010 Congressional Budget and by the joint explanatory statement that is incorporated by reference into the FY2010 Department of Justice Appropriations Act.
The Tulsa Public Schools (TPS) and the TPS Campus Police Department will improve the capacity of the department to effectively plan, manage, and allocate resources as well as facilitating information sharing with other community agencies. The goals of the project are as follows: 1) to increase the effectiveness of the TPS Campus Police through the equipping of three new sworn officers and additional supplies and equipment for crowd control, investigation, radio communication, and school zone safety; and 2) to increase the effectiveness of the community policing efforts of the TPS Campus Police Department through the provision of more time for relationship building and the purchase of promotional give-away items for distribution at community events. TPS will equip the TPS Campus Police Department and its officers with essential service equipment, enhance Community Policing strategies, and aid in fostering existing relationships with other police agencies serving the Tulsa community. | <urn:uuid:54deee4e-ab25-452d-afd0-22d6f1221855> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bja.ojp.gov/funding/awards/2011-dd-bx-0005 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573029.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817153027-20220817183027-00278.warc.gz | en | 0.922335 | 406 | 1.664063 | 2 |
There′s dreadful news from the symphony hall-the composer is dead!
If you have ever heard an orchestra play, then you know that musicians are most certainly guilty of something. Where exactly were the violins on the night in question? Did anyone see the harp? Is the trumpet protesting a bit too boisterously?
In this perplexing murder mystery, everyone seems to have a motive, everyone has an alibi, and nearly everyone is a musical instrument. But the composer is still dead.
Perhaps you can solve the crime yourself. Join the Inspector as he interrogates all the unusual suspects. Then listen to the accompanying audio recording featuring Lemony Snicket and the music of Nathaniel Stookey performed by the San Francisco Symphony. Hear for yourself exactly what took place on that fateful, well-orchestrated evening.
About Lemony SnicketSee more books from this Author
In this characteristically unsettling invitation to Meet the Orchestra, the Composer leads off—dead or, as the author puts it, “decomposing” at his desk.Jan 15 2009 | Read Full Review of The Composer Is Dead (Book & CD)
not moving, or even breathing.” The single line of text on the next page reads: “This is called decomposing.” (The illustration shows a large, menacing fly.) The witty wordplay proceeds with the Inspector, a rosy-cheeked Hercule Poirot type in a bowler and pinstripe suit, interrogating each secti...Dec 22 2008 | Read Full Review of The Composer Is Dead (Book & CD)
Our charming host (a real personage played by Geoff Hoyle) apologizes his way through the various mishaps, presented in a unique self-parodying blend of stage acting and movie show right up to the dramatic zenith of the composer's demise.Jan 09 2011 | Read Full Review of The Composer Is Dead (Book & CD)
While Yves admitted that with everybody being dysfunctional, the play seemed pedagogically interesting for children to see the parts of the theater, Composer is Dead pushes Peter and the Wolf too far and he found the tone to make the play a parody.Dec 03 2010 | Read Full Review of The Composer Is Dead (Book & CD)
For the holidays, Berkeley Rep presents a deliciously silly world premiere: Lemony SnicketÕs The Composer is Dead stars Geoff Hoyle as an inspector investigating a crime in an orchestra of marionettes.Dec 04 2010 | Read Full Review of The Composer Is Dead (Book & CD)
Ultimately, after revealing a long list of also dead composers, the inspector finds his answers, and all who want "something a little more interesting" than justice are encouraged to go to the orchestra.Mar 03 2009 | Read Full Review of The Composer Is Dead (Book & CD)
Actor Mark Gollaher donned a detective's trench coat and fedora and interrogated the different sections of the Utah Symphony.Feb 27 2008 | Read Full Review of The Composer Is Dead (Book & CD)
Commissioned by the San Francisco Symphony and premiered in 2006, Composer details a droll whodunit in which the titular composer is swiftly decomposing, and the members of the orchestra are suspects.Feb 15 2009 | Read Full Review of The Composer Is Dead (Book & CD)
Under the name Lemony Snicket he has also written a sequence of books for children, known collectively as A Series of Unfortunate Events, which...Mar 12 2009 | Read Full Review of The Composer Is Dead (Book & CD)
work in medieval literature — an experience that, from what I can gather, is enough to destroy anyone's sense of humor — and she had difficulty containing her total delight at show's end.) If you happen to have any sharp, imaginative children lying around the house, or maybe a couple of precociou...Dec 22 2010 | Read Full Review of The Composer Is Dead (Book & CD)
A Berkeley Repertory Theater presentation of a play in one act by Lemony Snicket, based on his book, conceived by Snicket, Phantom Limb, Tony Taccone and Geoff Hoyle.Dec 06 2010 | Read Full Review of The Composer Is Dead (Book & CD)
An aggregated and normalized score based on 136 user ratings from iDreamBooks & iTunes | <urn:uuid:b6d61ab9-6d14-46ec-a663-7bee7bf7738c> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://idreambooks.com/The-Composer-Is-Dead-Book-CD--by-Lemony-Snicket/reviews/16740 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720475.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00354-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946136 | 914 | 1.578125 | 2 |
PE Field Trip to Terra Nova Adventure Playground
The grade 2 classes went on a wonderful PE Field Trip to Terra Nova Adventure Playground on Friday afternoon. The students were given the opportunity to explore and develop their Fundamental Movement Skills (FMS) including; running, jumping, balance and coordination. This has given the students a great introduction to their new PE unit plan on FMS! Thank you to Ms. Hackett for organizing the trip. | <urn:uuid:e462151c-62e5-469c-9162-bd6d9841773a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pythagorasacademy.ca/uncategorized/pe-field-trip-to-terra-nova-adventure-playground/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573623.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819035957-20220819065957-00676.warc.gz | en | 0.931956 | 89 | 1.851563 | 2 |
States are ill equipped to detect and report food stamp fraud in the digital age, including attempts to sell benefits for cash, alcohol and other services, a new report says.
Much of the fraud occurs through social media and e-commerce websites such as Craigslist, the investigation by the Government Accountability Office found.
The GAO reviewed state and federal efforts to address fraud committed by recipients of food stamps, officially called the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, which falls under the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The report noted:
The Office of Management and Budget has designated SNAP as a high-error program due to the estimated dollar amount in improper payments for fiscal year 2013.
In fiscal 2013, SNAP provided over $76 billion in benefits designed to help about 28 million Americans purchase food. On average, recipient households received about $275 a month in assistance.
>>> Commentary: Why Are Fewer People Using Food Stamps?
In the review, investigators discovered online postings of SNAP recipients offering the program’s Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) cards in exchange for other good and services. EBT cards operate like debit cards and require a pin number for access to benefits.
Examples of fraud identified in the report include:
- Nov. 29: “iPhone 5 black cracked screen works fine…purchase date of july 2013 so there is still Apple warranty…$350 or best offer…Trades for…Ebt card…”
- Dec. 2: “65 food stamps for $30 cash: Really need cash money for the other half of my phone bill…let you use my card and give the pin number…”
- Dec. 18: “Art for EBT: $10-$3,000”
- Dec. 19: “Catalytic converters for food stamps”
The misuse of food stamp benefits has been a “long-standing concern,” the GAO report says, while “technology has provided additional opportunities to commit and combat such activities.”
Rachel Sheffield, a policy analyst at The Heritage Foundation, said food stamp fraud actually is on the decline and the greater problem is the headlong increase in food stamp spending and recipients. She told The Daily Signal:
Food stamps overall is in major need of reform. It is one of the largest welfare programs and has grown rapidly over the last decade.
>>> Commentary: Big Bank? No Problem. You May Still Qualify for Food Stamps
GAO studied fraud in Texas, Florida, New Jersey and eight other states, selected based on the number of household recipients and other criteria.
Most of the selected states reported difficulty conducting fraud investigations because of limited staff and the growing number of recipients. Also, once state agencies identify fraud, they have difficulty prosecuting recipients and recovering overpayments.
“Some state officials suggested changing the financial incentives structure to help support the costs of investigating potential SNAP fraud,” the report said.
The report, published Aug. 21 and titled “Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program: Enhanced Detection Tools and Reporting Could Improve Efforts to Combat Recipient Fraud,” calls for the Agriculture Department’s Food and Nutrition Service to:
- Explore ways that federal financial incentives can better support cost-effective anti-fraud activities by states.
- Establish more guidance to help analyze transaction data to identify food stamp households that obtain replacement cards for potential misuse.
- Reassess the effectiveness of the current guidance and tools recommended to states for monitoring e-commerce and social media websites.
- Offer assistance and training to enhance the consistency of what states report about anti-fraud activities.
Most importantly, Sheffield said, food stamps should be reformed to promote self-sufficiency through work:
Able-bodied adults should be required to work, prepare for work, or look for work in exchange for receiving assistance. This would change food stamps from a one-way handout to a program based on reciprocal obligation.
>>> Commentary: Americans Support Stronger Work Requirements for Food Stamps | <urn:uuid:2a281008-a86a-4a3a-b7b6-6580b6decd0d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://dailysignal.com/2014/08/28/food-stamp-fraud-difficult-trace-digital-age/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00406-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943435 | 827 | 2.5 | 2 |
The London police believe that at the moment, hoverboards can do more harm than good.
The popularity of hoverboards have been on a rapid rise lately and it would have been a first choice of gift for a lot of people this Christmas until authorities in England started to seize them.
It has been revealed that hoverboards are quite dangerous as they can overheat rather quickly if left on charge for too long. There is no fuse in the gadget, which means that the users have to unplug it as soon as it is fully charged. This of course is not as simple as it sounds.
90% of the hoverboards were bought online by the retailers with the intention of reselling them. However, that won’t be possible anymore because of police’s reaction to the issue in the gadget. National Trading Standards has also advised customers against purchasing hoverboards as it stated that “Consumers should not let a new fashion or craze cloud their judgment.”
London police said that as of October, hoverboards were allowed to be used on private properties only, but now that a large group of people have access to them, they’re being used all over the city.
In USA, New York has banned hoverboards from the state, whereas California has allowed their use, but only on bike paths.
Image Courtesy: telegraph.co.uk | <urn:uuid:9d73167c-ae92-476a-bea0-00cbc7e28e98> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.techomag.com/hoverboards-being-seized-in-britain-due-to-overheating-issues/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.982997 | 281 | 2.109375 | 2 |
SOURCE: St. Michael's Hospital, news release, April 5, 2016
FRIDAY, April 15, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Gamblers Anonymous helps people with gambling problems, and it's even more effective when used along with other treatments, researchers report.
In a new review, investigators analyzed data from 17 studies published between 2002 and 2015 that examined problem gambling. The research included data on various aspects of problem gambling, and on treatments such as Gamblers Anonymous, a 12-step program based on peer support and shared desire to stop gambling.
"Gamblers Anonymous is one of the most cost-effective and easily accessible resources for individuals living with problem gambling issues," said study author Flora Matheson. She is a medical sociologist at the Center for Research on Inner City Health at St. Michael's Hospital in Toronto, Canada.
"However, despite the widespread use of Gamblers Anonymous, there has been little research exploring its effectiveness as a recovery approach, and those that have are largely inconsistent," she said in a hospital news release. "We looked at the available data to identify gaps in knowledge and offer some insight for future focuses of study."
Joining Gamblers Anonymous led to higher rates of gambling abstinence, fewer gambling symptoms and better quality of life, the researchers reported. This was especially true when it was combined with other treatments, such as stress management training and cognitive behavioral therapy.
In stress management training, people learn about coping methods, breathing techniques and muscle relaxation. And cognitive behavioral therapy is a form of psychological counseling where people learn to change negative thinking patterns and behaviors, the study authors explained.
Previous research has found that many problem gamblers also abuse drugs or alcohol, or have other mental health issues that stem from a traumatic experience, Matheson said.
"Gamblers Anonymous remains a viable and accessible option for people with problem gambling, but its effectiveness alone as a treatment option needs to be evaluated comprehensively to determine any gaps and improve care for these individuals," Matheson said.
Problem gambling affects between 3 percent and 6 percent of people, but the rate is much higher among those with low incomes, the study authors said.
The study was published April 5 in the Journal of Gambling Studies.
The National Council on Problem Gambling has more about gambling addiction. | <urn:uuid:43e1a01c-c553-4c4e-94e4-c4d325d2bce4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.clinicalresearch.com/healthday-news/2016/04/15/pair-gamblers-anonymous-with-other-treatments-for-best-results | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00558-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960695 | 470 | 2.609375 | 3 |
For the first time ever, Ferrero is hoping to employ “non-professionals” to taste-test their products, including the famous spread.
A dream come true for every child on the planet, and plenty of adults too, the role involves tasting ingredients, including various types of cocoa and hazelnuts, which are used in the famous spread.
The job ad was published by Openjobmetis on behalf of Soremartec Italia srl, the Ferrero research and development company.
The 60 new Nutella tasters – officially called ‘sensory judges’ – will need to work for two days a week at the company headquarters in Alba, Piedmont. Required experience? Absolutely none.
The role of sensory judge itself is not new, but the company has so far only ever entrusted the task to internal employees, reports La Reppublica.
Now Ferrero wants to test its products specifically on non-professionals, The announcement, in fact, makes it clear that no qualifications or experience is required for the aspiring judges. In fact, they’re looking for regular consumers, so they say it’s even better if candidates aren’t highly educated in nutrition or the science of taste.
The 60 chosen ones will start work on September 30th with a three-month course to hone their senses of taste and smell, as well as teaching the new judges the correct terminology needed to describe each taste and sensation. After that, 40 judges will then be 'skimmed off' to make up two tasting panels.
The contract is part time and, the ad states, “compatible with other jobs”.
The only requirements are that candidates have no allergies and are familiar with using a computer. | <urn:uuid:cc2957d3-6053-4cf2-bc39-61145a1270f8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thelocal.it/20180727/italy-is-looking-for-60-nutella-tasters/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570765.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808031623-20220808061623-00270.warc.gz | en | 0.959849 | 366 | 1.5625 | 2 |
The group have been based at Camp Ashraf in Diyala province since the 1980s and were once violently opposed to the current government of Iran, which garnered them the support of former Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein.
About 400 members of the community of 3,400 people have been transferred to the former Camp Liberty but say they are being mistreated and that US and UN promises have not been kept according to the BBC.
More from GlobalPost: Iraq executes scores of prisoners in first 40 days of 2012
Citing the UN, the BBC said an Iraqi Army raid in April on Camp Ashraf left 34 dead. The Mujahideen do not enjoy the favor of the current Shiite-dominated government, the broadcasting corporation.
Iraqi authorities have extended a deadline for the closure of Camp Ashraf until the end of this April.
"This process is a humiliating and degrading treatment," Bahzad Saffari, 50, among the first transplants, was quoted as saying by The Associated Press.
"We are very frustrated and have been going through this harassment for more than 24 hours now. The camp looks horrible — it is totally different from the photos that were provided to us."
More from GlobalPost: Camp Victory: US hands over military headquarters to Iraq
Also known by the Persian name Mujahedeen-e-Khalq, the group claim they renounced violence in 2001 but conducted bombings and assassinations in Iran in the 1980s.
Iraqi National Security Adviser Faleh al-Fayadh was quoted as telling reporters this morning that the People’s Mujahideen were one of the problems inherited from era of Saddam “and they hurt Iraq and represent a source of tension in Iraq's relations with neighboring countries.”
"We reject the presence of this unwanted organization on Iraqi soil since it infringes on Iraq's sovereignty,” he was quoted as saying by the AP. | <urn:uuid:28df999b-36f3-4168-99f6-a122e28d9f0b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.pri.org/stories/2012-02-19/peoples-mujahedeen-begin-process-expulsion-iraq | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00178-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.981483 | 393 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Durham, North Carolina – Durham leaders celebrated a milestone today: the completion of the city’s first affordable apartment complex in the city center.
Willard Street Apartments have become the new standard for affordable housing in the town of Bull, providing stable housing to over 100 residents – people who were once homeless, unemployed, or just never believed they could get by. allow a quality life.
There are 82 units within walking distance of public transit and jobs.
âI have security here. I can travel without having to worry about robbing Peter to pay Paul, âsaid resident Akeem Ledbetter.
Ledbetter applied when he learned apartments made up a mix of 30% and 60% of the area’s media revenue. Now, as a resident, he says he can focus more on running his own business.
âIt’s so many opportunities here and so much networking,â he said.
Another resident, William Taylor, said: âWith the current state of the economy, it’s just a struggle for a lot of people. “
Every square inch of the complex reflects the history of Durham.
Taylor was shown the views from his apartment, where he feels a spark of hope and inspiration for what is to come.
âIt’s a touching situation for us because it allows us to be more relaxed. It’s nice to live in an environment that allows you not only to be comfortable, but to be happy, âhe said.
This is exactly what dozens of city leaders gathered to celebrate.
“I think this represents the vision that we will have a racially diverse downtown economically,” said Steve Schewel, Mayor of Durham, who said affordable downtown housing could help fight gentrification .
The building’s plaza was dedicated in honor of the late Dr Phail Wynn, a leader in higher education at both Durham Tech and Duke University, who fought tirelessly to create more options housing like this.
âPhail understands that safe and affordable housing is a fundamental issue,â said Vincent Price, president of Duke University. “Everything from student success to health outcomes and its legacy is perpetuated.”
Residents are equally enthusiastic. One of them said, âThis is what you want. What you can call your own. When I put the key in my door for the first two weeks, I got goose bumps. “
The Downtown Housing Improvement Corporation and Self-Help are two organizations behind the development of the site with the City of Durham. Capitol Broadcasting, WRAL’s parent company, was also a partner in this project.
Several other projects are underway, including a complex for the elderly. | <urn:uuid:c9a49ac3-7c96-4097-bd92-a6eec45d0487> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wooldurham.com/new-affordable-housing-in-downtown-durham-tackles-gentrification-wral-com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573760.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819191655-20220819221655-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.962879 | 556 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Over the past few years, Denver fans have had to look hard to find things to really cheer about on the Broncos. The media has long stood by the abiding principle that if it bleeds, it leads, and that’s led to seemingly endless negative stories about this player and that one, people who make the news by creating negative incidents. One such problem of Denver’s was shipped to Miami in exchange for a couple of second-round picks, and has been little mourned by Broncos fans. Tim Tebow has been both praised and trashed for his desire to share his religion with others. Then there’s Quinton Carter.
If you’re a Broncos fan, you’ve already heard the basics: While still in college, Carter decided to use the platform of his considerable ‘Q’ - his name recognition - and started a non-profit organization called SOUL - which stands for Serving Others through Unity and Leadership. The 501(c)3 non-profit organization he founded, based in both Carter’s hometown of Las Vegas and in Norman, where he attended the University of Oklahoma, works with inner city youths from the ages of 11 to 14 to provide them with football camp training that gives the youths a chance to see the value of teamwork and sportsmanship. That’s laudable, but Carter takes it a long step further than most programs by adding classroom work and lectures about decision-making, nutrition and the value of education.
Many of the players who start football camps and programs come from difficult backgrounds themselves - single-parent homes, drug-riddled neighborhoods, gangs and violence. Those things were around Quinton, too. In many of those cases, sports was the one thing that kept some of those youths out of the barbarous cycle of the inner city. Carter was different. He was raised by parents who had a loving, stable marriage and who weren’t shy about keeping their children's noses to the grindstone. Their focus on proper behavior and education has been described as ‘relentless’, and their son had a natural aptitude for giving.
Quinton was born on July 20, 1988 in Las Vegas. As a child, he was the kid who always remembered every family member’s birthday. If one of his siblings (he’s the middle of three children) forgot to buy a present, Quinton wrote all three names on the gift so it was ‘from’ all of them. As the children grew older, they would bring home friends and teammates that were going through hard times, and the family would welcome them. Carter’s father, Clemon, and mother Sandra had grown up in poverty, but never really felt poor. As my great aunt Pearl used to say, there’s poor and then there’s ‘po’: the older Carters may have grown up poor, but they weren’t ‘po’ - they got by just fine. They lived in Las Vegas during boom years and did well for themselves. Since the Carter family had enough to go around, the friends of their children would always find a helping hand extended. Quinton didn’t need any more encouragement than that. He was already noticing that many of his friends and teammates didn’t have two parents at home, much less two who were sober, supportive, and hardworking role models.
He attended Cheyenne High School and played football under head coach Dave Snyder. He competed at quarterback as well as safety, learning the game from both sides. By his senior year, Rivals.com ranked him as the third-best athlete in Nevada. Quinton earned All-League honors in 2004, throwing for over 650 yards with eight touchdowns, adding over 400 yards on the ground. It didn’t stop there - he was also one of the state’s elite basketball players, and was named to the Las Vegas Sun’s All-Decade team. The hours of study that were required to earn him the right to play sports (particularly football) had substantial results - Carter graduated from Cheyenne High School a semester early, and enrolled at the University of Oklahoma in January 2006.
Given his natural bent towards helping others, Carter quickly contacted his athletic department’s outreach program. He liked the work, but felt that it didn’t quite go as far as he wanted to. It did give him a chance to meet former OU track star and current non-profit manager Cecil Rose who was finishing his Ph.D in non-profit management; Rose, too, had an influence on Quinton. As a sophomore, Carter launched a program called Gaining Ground, which worked with a branch of the United Way to provide housing for low-income families. It still wasn’t enough for Quinton. Carter and Cecil Rose developed a Father’s Day event for the fathers of disadvantaged families who were working hard at giving their children good homes as a way of thanking and congratulating them. They did some polite arm-twisting and got an Oklahoma Hills clothing store to donate custom-fitted suits for the fathers, and two local restaurants to donate lunch for the men.
"It's rare to have fathers in their children's lives nowadays," Carter said. "It's an appreciation thing. That'll be annual as well."
For some of the kids without fathers, Carter stepped in to mentor them himself. He had five such young men that he helped out in Oklahoma - taking them bowling or to swimming, or let them hang out with his teammates and himself. That, too, still wasn’t enough - which prompted Carter to found SOUL in 2008. He’s developed a laundry list of current and upcoming projects for his non-profit, including establishing a funded medical practice in Las Vegas that will offer physicals, mammograms and other basic medical services to low-income citizens. If leadership is a priority with the new version of the Denver Broncos, they scored on this draft pick.
"Not only is it a dream come true,” said Quinton, “but I'm in a position to help others. I'm going to take advantage of my position. There are young guys who have no dreams." Carter graduated with a double major of criminology and sociology, as well as a minor in non-profit management. Quinton was also the winner of the Wooden Citizenship Cup, which is given to one athlete for the highest display of character and for making a difference in the lives of others. No surprises there.
Did I mention that he also plays football? Carter took over at free safety to start his redshirt junior season with OU (he took the 2007 year off to deal with a hamstring issue, which hasn’t returned, and he also dealt with a knee surgery that hasn’t been a further issue either). Then, over the next two seasons, Carter provided 185 tackles and eight interceptions as the QB of the defense. In 2009 alone, he had 88 tackles with five passes defensed and four picks. In 2010 that rose to 97 tackles, six PD and four INT. While his measured straight-line speed is only adequate, his football IQ lets him take good angles to the ball, giving him excellent coverage results, even on deep routes. He’s not quite as talented at man coverage right now, but that may come with time - certainly, dedication won’t be an issue. At 6’1” and 208 lb, he’s also physically sturdy and very dependable. Carter made First Team All-American by AFCA, AP and Sports Illustrated, All-Big 12 first team by coaches and second team by AP in 2010 (yes, the AP named Carter a first teamer nationally but a second teamer within his own conference). His on-field leadership matched that off the field. When asked where he finds the time for all of it, he replied, “I don’t play video games.” Small wonder.
At the Combine, Carter turned in a somewhat mixed performance. He had a solid 10'1" (121 inches) broad jump. His 40 time was slower than anticipated by many, with an average of 4.59 seconds. Most NFL teams were expecting better, and that’s a big reason that he dropped to the fourth round. While I understand the concerns with his speed, it doesn’t show with pads on. The 40 doesn’t measure the ability to change directions at nearly full speed, which Carter excels at, and it doesn’t show the closing burst that Carter exhibits on film. He had a 4.06 short shuttle, a 7.05 three-cone drill and benched the 225 bar 23 times, more than double the 11 reps put up by fellow rookie safety Rahim Moore - whether at SS or FS, he’s a powerful safety who uses that strength when he tackles.
He’s built well, with a physique that NFLDraft.Rivals.com describes as ‘very shredded’ and ‘layered with muscle’. That shows in his tackling - Carter has a lot of pop when he hits. Some sites list him as a strong safety at the next level, while others believe that he’s best left at FS. He has the quickness to be a two-deep safety, plays zone very well and has shown considerable skill as a blitzer due to his timing and burst. He has the skill set to perform as a nickelback as well as playing SS, FS and special teams, and playing in the short area near the LOS lets his abilities in tackling and blitzing to come out. For those who are interested, Carter also boasts a 31.5-inch arm length, 9.25-inch hands and a 76.75-inch wingspan. He’s got soft hands and reads the quarterback’s eyes well.
His listed negatives usually revolve around playing and tackling too high - to be fair, that shows in his backpedal as well as in his hitting. When he missed, it’s often because he went for a ‘highlight film’ tackle rather than using good form. The same has been true of his coverage work - he will sometimes go for the INT when he could have a definite PD instead. You walk a fine line there - INTs are great and they can take the wind out of an offense, but stopping play after play can wear down an offense just as effectively. These are anything but uncommon mistakes, especially from a younger player, and can usually be corrected with proper coaching. Ron Milus, who has made a career out of teaching players the defensive secondary, will be coaching Quinton. Although a veteran of college coaching, Milus started his NFL coaching career with Denver when he coached their secondary back in 2000-2002, and has continued to coach defensive backs around the league - first with Arizona, then the NY Giants, the St. Louis Rams and most recently the Carolina Panthers, over 2009-10.
I’m always interested in how players handle themselves in big games. It’s not a flawless correlation, but it’s generally been my experience that while you don’t want to judge a player on a single game, the guys who make it in the NFL often have their top performances on a national stage. Carter started at FS in the 2009 Sun Bowl against Stanford and came up with an INT and eight tackles. His work during that Sun Bowl was top drawer and he came back to OU in 2010 to have a highly productive season.
Vince Lombardi used to talk about the power of love in the NFL locker room. I know that it’s not a common topic among fans, but Lombardi would regale listeners with examples of the kind of unusual mutual caring that separated his Championship and Super Bowl teams from those of other years. Character is a very real aspect of the pro game, and that may become even more important as the discipline required of defensive players to avoid penalties is ever on the increase.
As the Broncos' brain trust has been mentioning frequently, that discipline has to be balanced with a whole lot of mean in every phase of the game. Carter is a solid prospect when viewed from that perspective: he’s shown both. Prior to Combine he was often discussed as a late first-, possible early second-round pick. He didn’t run as fast as expected at Combine, and afterward he was usually ranked as a 2nd- or 3rd-round pick. When Denver got him at pick 11 of the fourth round (108th overall), they got a player who has the potential to be a steal for the cost. Early in 2010, he was considered by many draft observers to be the top safety in the country. His lack of timed speed cost him, but his performances on film, as well as the leadership role that he played at Oklahoma suggest to me that what you do when the ball is snapped can mean a lot more than when you’re running in shorts and a singlet.
You can also bet that SOUL will be opening a Denver office, and that Carter will be giving back to his new adopted community as much as he has up until now in Nevada and Oklahoma. He’s a rare combination of a man who is naturally giving, yet one who likes to give out hits, hammers and tackles. Welcome to the Mile High City, Quinton. I hope that your stay is long and profitable. | <urn:uuid:75ff1e8e-13a8-4ea6-9724-dacd610fbe1f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.itsalloverfatman.com/broncos/entry/broncography-quinton-carter | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280730.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00255-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.98685 | 2,788 | 1.554688 | 2 |
In the early afternoon of Feb. 3, 1814, the traveling carriage of Emperor Napoléon I clattered into the medieval city of Troyes, France, little more than 100 miles southeast of Paris. The French monarch’s entry was disheartening; there was no acclamation, not even a vivat of welcome. The streets were empty and silent, as residents had retreated into their homes. Facing shuttered and empty stores, the soldiers who followed Napoléon found themselves without food amid a population of fellow citizens that refused to assist them, hiding everything in anticipation of the victorious arrival of the Sixth Coalition—the allied armies of Russia, Austria, Prussia and the German states.
The emperor’s carriage stopped at 11 rue de la Temple, the home of merchant Duchâtel Berthelin. After passing through the heavy doors set in a massive stone arch, Napoléon stepped down into the cobblestone courtyard where Nicolas Piot de Courcelles, mayor of Troyes, waited to greet him. The men of the emperor’s Old Guard occupied the neighboring buildings and closed off the surrounding streets.
After a brief conversation with the mayor, Napoléon climbed a staircase and entered a salon—his headquarters—prepared in advance by his staff. There, he found a waiting pile of dispatches. He worked through the night, dictating orders he believed would deliver the victory he so desperately needed.
‘Despite the odds, Napoléon was confident he could defeat the allies and force them to a negotiated peace’
Driven back into France after a crushing defeat at Leipzig, Saxony, in October 1813, Napoléon was encumbered with political and military problems. He had hoped the Sixth Coalition armies would go into winter quarters, allowing him time to reorganize his government and raise new French forces. But in late December the allies streamed across the frontier into France, quickly overrunning the eastern part of the country. Towns and cities opened their gates to handfuls of allied cavalry and to the empty promise that liberation from Napoléon was at hand.
Prussian-born officer and strategist Carl von Clausewitz neatly assessed Napoléon’s situation. Setting aside the corps that would arrive later, the army of Austrian Field Marshal Karl Philipp, prince of Schwarzenberg, had 200,000 men at hand, that of Prussian Field Marshal Gebhard von Blücher, 65,000. At best Napoléon would have just 115,000 men to face the invaders.
The odds against the French emperor were no better on the other borders of his empire.
In the Netherlands, Jean-Baptiste-Jules Bernadotte—a former marshal of France and by then crown Prince Charles John of Sweden—led his 60,000-man Army of the North southward, gently pushing General Nicolas-Joseph Maison and his 16,000 troops back toward France’s northern border, but not across. Aspiring to the French throne, Bernadotte did not want too much French blood on his hands.
In Italy, Napoléon’s adopted son and viceroy, Eugène de Beauharnais, and his 50,000 men were barely holding their own against Austrian Field Marshal Heinrich von Bellegarde’s 75,000 troops. And on the Spanish border the armies of Marshals Nicolas-Jean de Dieu Soult and Louis-Gabriel Suchet—some 90,000 men in all—were steadily losing ground against an Anglo-Spanish army of 125,000 under British Field Marshal Sir Arthur Wellesley.
Despite the overwhelming odds, Napoléon was confident he could defeat the allies and force them to a negotiated peace. The key to victory was to destroy the main coalition force invading eastern France. As Paris was a major arsenal, and mobilization and communication center, his strategy was constrained by the need to defend the French capital. Napoléon would have to maneuver to cover Paris while simultaneously massing his small army in a central position from which he could defeat each allied adversary in turn.
The central position he selected was the area between the region’s two major river systems, with the Marne northeast of Paris, the Seine to the southeast and the Aube flowing east-west across France, uniting southeast of Paris. Securing the bridges across the Seine, the Marne and their tributaries would assure Napoléon quick passage for supplies, reinforcements and the removal of casualties and would free his army from encumbering bridging equipment. More important, it would give him the ability to rapidly move his forces from one area to another.
On Jan. 25, 1814, Napoléon left Paris and traveled secretly to Châlons-sur-Marne, 100 miles due east of the capital. The emperor selected Blücher’s 25,000-man Army of Silesia as his first target, as he knew Blücher was approaching Saint-Dizier, 40 miles southeast of Châlons, not aware the French were on his flank. At the same time 60,000 troops from Schwarzenberg’s Army of Bohemia were nearing Bar-sur-Aube, 70 miles to the south. Although converging, the allied forces were still 30 miles apart.
After slogging through a heavy rainstorm, Napoléon—ready to take the town—advanced on Saint-Dizier, arriving on January 27 with 34,000 men, but they were too late. Blücher had already moved through town toward Brienne-le-Château, 30 miles to the southwest, leaving only a small rear guard behind. Nevertheless, the French took Saint-Dizier, inflicting 1,500 casualties on the allied force.
Immediately turning in pursuit of Blücher, Napoléon caught up with him at Brienne on the afternoon of January 29. The battle raged into the night, as burning houses shadowed Napoléon’s young conscripts fighting their way to Blücher’s headquarters. The Prussian general and his chief of staff narrowly avoided capture by exiting a courtyard through one gate as the determined French soldiers broke in through another. At dawn Napoléon learned the elusive Blücher had withdrawn in good order beyond the village of La Rothière, just south of Brienne.
Napoléon received word that Blücher’s retreating columns had stumbled into Schwarzenberg’s advancing Army of Bohemia. Heavily outnumbered, the emperor could only fortify his position at La Rothière and wait for the allies to make a mistake.
He waited too long.
On February 1 the allies attacked through a raging snowstorm. Blücher led the assault with two corps of his army, plus two more from the Army of Bohemia, while another corps detached from the Army of Bohemia was ready to turn Napoléon’s left flank. With reserves the allies had 120,000 men engaging Napoléon’s 45,000.
Fortunately for the French, Blücher foolishly concentrated his attack on La Rothière, the strongest point in Napoléon’s line. For three hours the French resisted every attempt to dislodge them, but the sheer number of allied soldiers slowly turned the battle in the enemy’s favor. At nightfall Napoléon feigned a counterattack, then—covered by the blinding snow and darkness—his artillery expertly disengaged after inflicting some 6,000 casualties on his opponents. The French withdrew to the village of Lesmont, crossed the Aube and marched toward Troyes. The exhausted allies did not pursue.
Napoléon reached Troyes on February 3 to regroup and organize his army. Morale was low, his soldiers were exhausted and hungry, and the army and its general received a cold welcome from the citizens. Meanwhile, at La Rothière, the victorious allies were ecstatic with the outcome of the battle. Convinced Napoléon was no longer a threat, they decided to march directly on Paris, and in a measure to alleviate their supply problem, they chose to split their forces and march separately. Blücher and his 60,000 men would advance down the Marne, while Schwarzenberg’s 130,000 troops would advance down the Seine.
Learning of the separation of his adversaries, Napoléon first thought to pursue Schwarzenberg. But he soon learned that Blücher had entered the valley of the Marne, driving Marshal Jacques Macdonald’s 3,500-man French covering force before him.
“I am very annoyed by these moves,” Napoléon confided to brother Joseph in a February 6 letter, “for I wanted to attack Bar-sur-Seine and defeat [Schwarzenberg], whom I believe to have made some false dispositions. But I sacrifice everything to the need to cover Paris.”
Consequently, on February 6 the French army left Troyes, heading for the bridge at Nogent-sur-Seine, 30 miles to the northwest. To cover his move against Blücher, Napoléon ordered Marshal Édouard Mortier to advance east of Troyes and make a strong show of force against the Army of Bohemia, then force-march his men north to Nogent-sur-Seine. Deceived, the overcautious Schwarzenberg obligingly began to withdraw his army eastward, freeing Napoléon to move.
Three days later at Nogent-sur-Seine Napoléon learned that Blücher, in his haste to reach Paris, had carelessly allowed the Army of Silesia to disperse into four widely separated columns. Prussian Field Marshal Ludwig Yorck von Wartenburg was at Château-Thierry pursuing Macdonald; General Fabian Gottlieb von Osten-Sacken at Montmirail; and General Zakhar Dmitrievich Olsufiev at Champaubert. Blücher himself was at Vertus with the corps of Field Marshal Friedrich Kleist and Lt. Gen. Peter Kapzevich.
Napoléon would take full advantage of Blücher’s error. He left Marshal Claude Victor-Perrin with 14,000 men to hold a 30-mile stretch of Seine river crossings behind him. Centered on Nogent, Victor-Perrin was to guard against resurgence from Schwarzenberg. Napoléon marched north with the rest of his army.
“[I have] under my orders 30,000 men and about 120 guns,” he wrote to Joseph on February 9. “The forces of Yorck, Blücher and Sacken are estimated at 40,000 to 45,000 men. But [Macdonald] ought to occupy at least 5,000 men. I shall then be 30,000 against 40,000, a proportion which makes me hope success.…If this operation has a complete success, the campaign may be decided.”
On the morning of February 10 Napoléon and his 30,000 soldiers struck Blücher’s center, attacking the unsuspecting Olsufiev’s 5,000-man corps at the town of Baye, 30 miles northeast of Nogent. The French quickly drove Olsufiev out of Baye and north to the crossroads of Champaubert. By nightfall Napoléon had cut the Army of Silesia in half, capturing Olsufiev and more than 1,800 of his men and inflicting some 2,400 casualties with a loss of only 600 French soldiers.
Blücher soon learned the French had mauled the Army of Silesia, but he continued to believe Napoléon was incapable of a serious offensive. In fact, the Prussian commander thought the French emperor was at Sézanne, well south of Champaubert. Preparing for an advance on Sézanne, Blücher ordered Sacken and Yorck to fall back and rejoin him.
At Champaubert, Napoléon was already planning his next move. He ordered Marshal Auguste de Marmont to keep his 4,000 men near the crossroads, standing watch for Blücher’s advance. At dawn the next day the emperor led his tired, hungry soldiers down the sodden road west to Montmirail to intercept Sacken. A mile beyond town Napoléon’s cavalry ran headlong into Sacken’s surprised Cossacks.
Alerted to the presence of the French, Sacken deployed his 19,000 men and 40 guns along a mile-long position centered on the village of Haute-Épine—on the route to Paris—and prepared to overwhelm the 10,000 French soldiers he estimated were opposite him. Yorck and his 12,000 troops had moved south toward Montmirail from Château-Thierry and were just three miles north of Sacken’s position.
Facing a combined allied army of 31,000 with just 15,000 men, Napoléon formed his infantry on a line parallel to Sacken’s with his center supported by the village of Marchais-en-Brie. He stationed his cavalry in the fork between the routes to Château-Thierry and Paris, keeping a watchful eye on Yorck.
At 11 a.m. Sacken ordered his attack. The battle began with an allied assault on French-held Marchais, and the village changed hands repeatedly as the day progressed. Hearing the roar of cannon fire to the south, Yorck sent a message to Sacken, asking if he needed support, but Sacken declined, asserting that his soldiers could crush the French by themselves.
The battle raged without progress on either side. By 2 p.m. Mortier had arrived with a division of Napoléon’s Imperial Guard, permitting the emperor to launch the decisive attack. Napoléon ordered his cavalry to attack Sacken’s left flank, while commanding his infantry to feign a retreat on the enemy’s right flank. Sacken took the bait. He stripped troops from his center to reinforce his threatened left wing and strengthened his own right wing in order to turn the French left flank. Seeing this, Napoléon launched six battalions of his elite Old Guard under Marshal Michel Ney straight up the route to Paris through Sacken’s denuded center. While Ney and the Old Guard captured Haute-Épine, breaking the Russian center, Napoléon’s young conscripts, supported by two other Old Guard battalions, stormed Marchais a final time.
Sacken’s corps broke and fled, and it was only then Yorck stirred himself to move against the French right flank. It was too late. Napoléon turned and overwhelmed him. As night fell, the remnants of the two allied corps fled northward toward the bridge across the Marne at Château-Thierry. The battle was over, and that evening Napoléon wrote to Joseph, “These two days place Paris completely out of danger, for the Army of Silesia was the best that the allies had.”
On February 12 Napoléon left a small force at Montmirail to link with Marmont, while the emperor pursued Yorck and Sacken. If Macdonald had captured the bridge across the Marne at Chateau-Thierry, as ordered, Sacken and Yorck faced annihilation.
Throughout the day the French cavalry repeatedly outflanked, sabered and scattered the retreating allies. Unfortunately for Napoléon, when the armies came within sight of Château-Thierry that evening, the Prussians held the crossing, which allowed the allied troops to flee across the Marne and burn the bridge behind them. French engineers re-established the crossing, and on the afternoon of the 13th Mortier’s infantry and a major part of the French cavalry continued pursuit of the allies. That same day, however, Napoléon learned Blücher was advancing against Marmont at Champaubert, slowly driving him westward toward Montmirail at the emperor’s rear. Before dawn on the 14th Napoléon led a force to Montmirail, there he learned Blücher had attacked Marmont, three miles to the east near Vauchamps.
Blücher’s overwhelming desire to crush his French adversary led him into a trap: Marmont’s “retreating” troops suddenly turned and attacked, driving back the allied formation. Blücher, convinced Napoléon himself had arrived on the field, ordered a retreat but decided too late to withdraw. While French infantry attacked his front, French cavalry swarmed around his flanks. Napoléon’s cavalry broke the retreating Prussian squares, overrunning and scattering the allied soldiers. Blücher, Kleist and Kapzevich narrowly avoided capture. The French pursuit lasted until nightfall, and the next day Blücher withdrew to Châlons, where he was joined by the remnants of the Sacken and Yorck corps.
In a six-day campaign Napoléon and his 30,000 soldiers had marched more than 70 miles, won four battles—Champaubert, Montmirail, Château-Thierry and Vauchamps—and inflicted nearly 20,000 casualties on the 55,000-strong Army of Silesia. During that second week of February 1814 the French emperor had again demonstrated his astonishing ability to inspire his soldiers and exploit his enemies’ errors and weaknesses.
Despite his brilliance during those six days, Napoléon ultimately could not save his throne. The allies rebounded from their February drubbing and captured Paris on March 31. Napoléon abdicated on April 11, and the victors exiled him to the Mediterranean island of Elba. Three hundred days later he escaped, returned to France and raised yet another army. But in June 1815 the emperor’s old enemies Blücher and Wellington, at the head of the Seventh Coalition, finally and definitively beat Napoléon at the Battle of Waterloo. Exiled again, this time to the far more remote British-held South Atlantic island of Saint Helena, Napoléon Bonaparte died on May 5, 1821.
James W. Shosenberg writes from Oshawa, Canada. For further reading he suggests A Military History and Atlas of the Napoléonic Wars, by Brig. Gen. Vincent J. Esposito and Colonel John R. Elting, or, for those who read French, Napoléon en 1814, by Commandant Henry Lachouque. | <urn:uuid:d1ed5b69-23ad-4532-b37d-3be1887bc53d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.historynet.com/napoleons-six-days.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00428-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967452 | 3,970 | 3.015625 | 3 |
Electronic support measures (ESM) are on the tactical level military reconnaissance in the electromagnetic spectrum by detecting and evaluating electromagnetic emanations in order to localize their origin, detect and repel immediate threats, protect own troops, and obtain information relevant to the military situation. In addition to electronic countermeasures and protection, ESM are part of the electronic warfare (EW). This is combined with telecommunications and electronic reconnaissance (signals intelligence, SIGINT) to form the generic term Electronic Warfare (EW).
Since the battle of Tannenberg in August 1914 electromagnetic emissions have been detected by means of radio detection receivers, recorded, and typically presented to the EW-officer as a color-coded time-frequency diagram (spectrogram or waterfall diagram). In this way, he can clearly recognize the temporal change in the spectral composition of a signal and, with a great deal of experience, assign it to the appropriate radio standards, because the various multiplex and modulation types can be recognized as characteristic patterns.
Since the number of radio services has grown exponentially since 1914 and most frequency bands are almost constantly occupied, it has become necessary to automate the analysis of radio monitoring. With the help of a database, electromagnetic emissions are classified and, if possible, assigned to a known enemy weapon system (identification).
The published state of the art is that for the generation of the training data for the signal analysis system based on artificial intelligence, the numerically generated radio signals are disturbed only by "simple" noise from the random generator.
The goal of the project is to perform a preliminary study for the implementation of a C4ISR spectrum classification system based on machine learning algorithms. This "Signal Detection System" (SiDeS) will be able to detect, classify, and identify radio signals received at a specific local point on the radio spectrum over a wide range of frequencies to facilitate contextual analysis and decision making by the tactical commander. | <urn:uuid:f1bc7af3-92d4-4c87-b2e0-256c4d45110d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.forte-bmf.at/en/financed-proposals/detail/sides-signal-detection-system | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.93208 | 387 | 2.421875 | 2 |
6. Remember Grandma
Remember Grandma. If grandma is coming to the Mother’s Day celebration, make sure to have something thoughtful to give her as well. If she is no longer living, ask her mother questions about her—what she was like, what traits of hers have been passed down. Talk with her mom about your own grandmothers and the relationships you have/had with them or what you know about them if you’ve never met them. Let her know that you’re interested in and value the generations of women in your family so she’ll trust that you will value the women in her family, most importantly, her daughter. | <urn:uuid:86195929-05a0-4d77-b1b7-5542b028d845> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.askmen.com/top_10/dating/top-10-ways-to-impress-her-mom_6.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00387-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.97628 | 137 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Joint Seminar, Computer Science and Electrical, Computer and Systems Engineering
Finding the Right Type of Parallelism in an "Embarrassingly Parallel" Algorithm
University of Utah
Wednesday, June 20, 2007
Unlike many areas of computer science interactive ray tracing
algorithms have evolved several times to remain at the cutting edge
of computing performance. Early work on multiprocessor super
computers directed the field towards fine-grained task-parallelism.
Later as desktop performance increased and memory became the
predominant bottleneck, algorithms evolved to increase memory
coherence by operating more coarsely on packets of data in parallel.
Today these algorithms are undergoing another transition to utilize
wide data parallel programming models on GPUs. These processors rely
on extensive SIMD operational coherence. This talk will describe
interactive ray tracing's transition from massive task parallel super
computers to multi-core CPUs, and recently to high performance
commodity data parallel models like CUDA. This transition illustrates
how other workloads might be adapted to leverage increasing degrees
of parallelism in mainstream platforms.
Bio: Abe Stephens is a PhD student at the University of Utah's Scientific
Computing and Imaging Institute where he works with Steven Parker.
His research focuses on parallel techniques for temporally adaptive
rendering and large data visualization. He is a principle contributor
to the Manta Interactive Ray Tracer and has worked with Intel and
Silicon Graphics to improve interactive ray tracing techniques on
parallel systems. Abe has published several papers on interactive ray
tracing and has spoken at Siggraph and Eurographics courses on the
subject. He received a BS in Computer Science from Rensselaer
Polytechnic Institute in 2003.
Hosted by: Carlos A. Varela (x6912)
Last updated: June 8, 2007 | <urn:uuid:a98d6276-a82a-4007-a8a3-51c43bc74643> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.cs.rpi.edu/news/seminars/June20_2007.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718278.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00239-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.909331 | 384 | 2.25 | 2 |
In the Middle Ages, music held an honored place as one of the seven original "liberal arts." Like science, rhetoric, and theology, music was a field of study that was considered essential to the development of the well-rounded intellect. Music study at Wheaton falls within this grand tradition, providing students the opportunity to develop their academic abilities through the intensive study of its historical, theoretical, and social components. The music curriculum teaches students the skills that will allow them to ask the important and interesting questions that will lead to a lifetime of learning and exploration, no matter what their eventual career. Through a challenging and energizing exposure to the great composers, performers, and thinkers in the world of music, our students learn how to write, research, and communicate their ideas in compelling and thought-provoking ways.
Since music is interdisciplinary at its core, music study at Wheaton entails a multi-faceted approach. In applied lessons and ensembles, students improve their performance abilities through immediate exposure with music from a host of traditions - from steel pan music of Trinidad to arts songs by Schubert. In theory classes, student develop fluency in the language of music as they analyze masterworks by Bach, Coltrane, and the Beatles. In history and ethnomusicology courses, students discover the stylistic developments and social trends that knit together the musical lives of peoples from many different cultures. In composition classes, they discover their own creative voices by learning the skills that allow them to organize the ideas that spring from their musical imagination. In addition, Wheaton students are encouraged to link their love of music to studies beyond the music department's core curriculum, through the interdisciplinary First Year Seminar program, through Wheaton's unique Connections curriculum, and through study abroad programs, independent study with faculty mentors, and internships.
Faced with a society in which the the arts are becoming increasingly marginalized, Wheaton hopes to train future leaders who will use their intellectual and creative abilities to advocate passionately and articulately for the importance of music as a central component of the human experience. | <urn:uuid:16254b3d-a706-4028-85a4-d68e25328f12> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://wheatoncollege.edu/music/academic/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00549-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954367 | 425 | 2.890625 | 3 |
[Courses] [C] Current topic: variables in C.
val at nmt.edu
Mon Jun 10 23:39:30 EST 2002
On Sun, Jun 09, 2002 at 02:02:56AM -0400, Charlotte Oliver wrote:
> On Sat, Jun 08, 2002 at 11:36:14PM -0600, Val Henson wrote:
> > Oo, here's a good question:
> > "Why does C have this nasty int, char, long stuff? Why didn't they
> > just say 8_bit_type and 16_bit_type instead of all these complicated
> > rules about int being at least 2 bytes but less than or equal to long,
> > etc., etc., etc.?"
> > If anyone is interested, pipe up.
> Sure! Why didn't they just make them more simplistic, or does that
> have to do with features being added over time?
See, this is how I felt for a long time. I thought it would be much
simpler to say, chars are always 8 bits, integers are always 32 bits,
But we want to write platform independent code, right? While
architectures are no longer quite so gloriously varied as they were in
the days of 7-bit bytes and 21-bit words, they do still vary quite a
lot. As complicated and bizarre as the C type rules are, they make
writing platform independent code much easier. Instead of having to
explicitly say, "If I'm on this architecture, use this size variable,"
you are just saying, "Give me a variable big enough to hold an
integer," or an address, or character.
In the Linux kernel, this is mostly a good thing but occasionally very
inconvenient. It's good in that most of the source code is entirely
shared, without needing weird macros for variable declarations. For
example, if you need to store a kernel address, you know you just have
to declare the variable as:
unsigned long tmp_address;
And it will work both on machines with 32-bit addresses and 64-bit
addresses (x86 and Alpha, for example). But more often than in user
level code, the kernel code needs to know exactly how big a variable
is. If you see declarations like this:
Then you're probably seeing a part of the code that actually needs to
know the exact size of the variables. ("u8" is an
architecture-dependent macro - someone figures out what variable is 8
bits long on that architecture and then writes a header file that
defines "u8" to be "unsigned char" or whatever the proper variable
is.) The place where I usually see this is where some PCI card or
other device needs to write into the kernel's memory. The way these
cards work is you say, "Hey, card, here's an address you can write
to," and the card says, "Okay, I wrote the data you wanted in my
special hard-wired format." If that special hard-wired format is 16
bytes long, we'd better be sure we're allocating 16 bytes and then
reading back those 16 bytes in the right way.
I have seen people who hate the variable size rules so much that they
always use "u8" and friends, but that's a very bad habit to get into.
This could be a lot longer, but I think I'll quit here...
Please feel free to ask questions about the various posts on C types.
We tend to get a little abstruse. :)
More information about the Courses | <urn:uuid:8cd85f21-718b-41b2-992e-b98064c5792c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://mailman.linuxchix.org/pipermail/courses/2002-June/000529.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00191-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944783 | 771 | 2.46875 | 2 |
In the late 19th century the building began to move. The southern end subsided into the ground, but for some reason remained intact. As it continued to move, steel ties were added and a buttress built at the lower end. At last it stopped sinking. They changed its name to The Crooked House.
The Crooked House is at Ordnance Survey Grid Reference SO 897908.
(Photograph omitted)Reuse content | <urn:uuid:a26e8e1b-9b27-41f9-85cb-318fde331ddc> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.independent.co.uk/travel/travel-the-things-ive-seen-the-crooked-house-1425030.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00213-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975914 | 90 | 2.1875 | 2 |
6 July 2016: The death of 250 people in Sunday’s bomb attack in Baghdad brings yet more grief to a population already traumatized by atrocity and inhumanity, ICMP Director-General Kathryne Bomberger said today. She expressed solidarity with the survivors of this attack and their families.
Taking appropriate steps to identify the dead and the missing is a legal responsibility of governments around the world, including the Government of Iraq, Bomberger said. Since ICMP began working in Iraq in 2003, it has trained more than 550 Iraqi professionals in locating, securing, excavating and documenting mass graves and in DNA extraction. It has also worked with families of the missing to help them assert their right to the truth, to justice and to reparation.
“The key task today is to ensure that the chain of responsibility is operating in what are clearly very challenging circumstances,” Bomberger said. “This awful event highlights the fact that emergency services, forensic specialists and legal institutions must interact and support one another if identifications are to be made with maximum certainty and maximum speed.”
Bomberger said ICMP staff in Iraq are in touch with the Medical Legal Institute in Baghdad and that “ICMP stands ready to offer the Iraqi authorities more help if this is requested.” | <urn:uuid:bea2470e-e2fb-4040-a757-2189d4a0aecc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.icmp.int/news/icmp-ready-to-help-iraqi-authorities-identify-victims-of-baghdad-bombing/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.965214 | 264 | 2.140625 | 2 |
At two-forty-five PM on a smoggy August 23, 1954 afternoon, the prototype for the next century of transports took to the air in Burbank California, carrying with it Lockheed’s extravagant hopes for a production run of as many as one hundred aircraft.
Even its most ardent supporters could not have forecast that the C-130 would have the longest continuous production run of any military aircraft in history, with deliveries running from as high as 140 annually to as low as one per month. The Hercules is now eligible to join AARP, and still under its original type certificate, it remains production fifty years later. More than 2,262 aircraft have been delivered to 60 countries, and there is a firm backlog of 71 aircraft for the latest version, the C-130J.
Nor would anyone have believed that an aircraft designed to be a work horse “trash-hauler” would assume such an endless variety of missions. It has dropped bombs, supplies and paratroops; jammed electronic transmissions, fought fires, tracked icebergs, flown in hurricanes, carried live whales and camels, carried Muslims to Mecca, brought Ethiopian Jews to Israel, and landed on an aircraft carrier. Four C-130s were used to form the Flying Horseman aerobatic team. The Herk has flown to most countries and every continent in the world, including both the Arctic and the Antarctic, and for the last fifty years usually been the first plane at the latest trouble spot. Its military uses include those of gunship, tanker, bomber, drone mother-ship, psychological warfare, special operations, electronic intelligence, command and control and many more. To many people however, the most gratifying role of the C-130 has been that of compassionate relief, for it has provided aid to disaster areas wherever they occur in the world.
The Air Force’s experience with cargo aircraft early in the Korean War made it evident that a more capable transport was required. The Fairchild C-119 proved to be only marginally more effective (and much less reliable) than the Douglas C-47s and Curtiss C-46s from World War II. Thus it was that on February 2, 1951, the Air Force put forth a General Operational Requirement (see sidebar one) that called for a massive leap forward in cargo aircraft capability. Lockheed, Boeing, Douglas and Fairchild were invited to compete for the contract.
All of the specifications for range, load and operating conditions were formidable, but the most daunting was the ability to fly with a full load with one engine out. In the past, twin-engine aircraft, especially those operating out of short fields in forward areas, often could not survive the loss of an engine on a heavy-weight takeoff.
Willis Hawkins, then head of preliminary design for Lockheed, put together a team of veteran Lockheed engineers that included Eugene Frost, Art Flock and Dick Pulver, all of whom had worked together on previous projects. Notably absent from the team was Lockheed’s most well-known engineer, Clarence “Kelly” Johnson, who was deeply involved in the F-104 project, and who perhaps regarded a cargo carrying transport as too pedestrian for his interests.
By June, 1951, Hawkins’ team brought the completed proposal for the new Model 82 aircraft to Hall Hibbard, Lockheed’s chief of engineering. (The entire proposal was less than three-quarters of an inch thick, an amazing contrast to today’s multi-volume, multiple thousand page submissions.) Hibbard asked “Has Kelly seen this?” and when Hawkins said no, asked that Johnson come in.
Kelly went through the drawings, glanced at the model Hawkins had provided, and said “Hibbard, if you send that in, you’ll destroy Lockheed.” Johnson’s reaction to the C-130 was based in part on aesthetics. Lockheed had always been noted for beautiful aircraft, from the early Vega through the P-38 and Constellation, and the Hercules, as it became known later, was not exactly beautiful. Fortunately Hawkins persisted and Hibbard backed him. They knew that despite its plain looks, the C-130 was a radically advanced transport, using four Allison T56 turboprop engines and featuring a completely pressurized cargo compartment. Form had followed function to the letter, and the heart of the aircraft was the huge 4,500 cubic foot cargo area that duplicated the volume of the standard American railroad box car. The use of a high wing and the rugged dual-tandem wheel landing gear system, mounted in stub-like fairings outside the fuselage, improved its short, rough field capabilities. (See sidebar four)
Lockheed easily won the competition and a contract was let for the construction of the first two prototypes, which were built in Burbank. When the Air Force issued a letter contract for an initial batch of seven production C-130A aircraft, a decision was made to move the program to Marietta, Georgia, where Lockheed had been manufacturing Boeing B-47s under license. The production of B-47s was coming to a close and the C-130 program was perfectly timed to pick up the slack.
It was the second of the two Burbank-built C-130 prototypes (53-3397) that made the first flight. Stan Beltz and Roy Wimmer were the pilots with Jack Real as flight test engineer and Dick Stanton as flight engineer. Kelly Johnson, all his reservations about the new transport, flew in a Lockheed P2V Neptune chase plane. After a satisfying sixty-one minute flight, they landed the YC-130 at Edwards Air Force Base for further tests.
These confirmed that the new aircraft exceeded all of the Air Force requirements, cruising faster, climbing higher, and landing shorter by anything from twenty to forty percent. The C-130 had a maximum payload of 40,000 pounds, thanks in part to the weight control measures at Lockheed which had kept airframe weight down to 113,000 pounds, five thousand less than estimated. Shortly after the successful first flight, the Air Force increased its order to seventy-five C-130As.
Production went smoothly at the Georgia plant, despite a mishap to the first production aircraft (53-3129), which suffered a major in-flight fire in its number two engine nacelle on its second flight. The aircraft was landed without any one being injured. The left wing was replaced, and aircraft was subsequently modified to become an AC-130A with a distinguished career in South Vietnam. It is now at the Eglin Armament Center Museum.
The most significant engineering change in the early C-130 aircraft derived from the unsatisfactory operation of the Curtiss-Wright turbo-electric propeller. At one point, fifty C-130s had been completed, but could not be delivered because no decision had been made about the propeller to be used. Finally, the hydraulically operated Aeroproducts propeller was selected, and it mated perfectly with the Allison engine. Hamilton Standard propellers were also used after 1978.
The Hercules entered the Tactical Air Command (TAC) fleet on December 9, 1956, with the delivery of 55-0023 to the 463rd Troop Carrier Wing at Ardmore Base, Oklahoma. TAC crews were delighted, for the aircraft was far more nimble than the C-119s it replaced, and they especially enjoyed the unaccustomed luxury of having surplus power on takeoff.
Deliveries to TAC continued on a regular basis, and two C-130 units, the 314th and 463rd Troop Carrier Wings (TCW) formed an important part of the Composite Air Strike Force. This was a TAC innovation that anticipated that modern Air Expeditionary Force by combining complementary aircraft into a self-sufficient attack force.
Wherever the C-130 went it brought new standards of performance to carrying troops or cargo, along with vastly improved comfort and reliability. As trouble spots erupted around the world, C-130s were called on to fly troops, weapons and ammunition to the scene. One of the earliest and potentially most dangerous of these occurred when the July, 1958 revolution in Iraq caused the President of Lebanon, Camille Chamoun, to ask that American troops be provided to stabilize the region. An eleven day airlift saw more than eight million pounds of equipment moved into Lebanon. Hundreds of similar incidents followed and the ability of the C-130 to move troops and equipment directly to the scene became an essential part of American military and political planning.
The first combat loss of the C-130 occurred on September 2, 1958, when Soviet pilots flying MiG-17s shot down a United States Air Force C-130A-II signals intelligence platform over Soviet Armenia. All seventeen crew-members were killed. The action was deliberate, and the Hercules might have been enticed into a prohibited area by false radio signals. At the National Vigilance Park at Fort George C. Meade, Maryland, the Aerial Reconnaissance Memorial honors the 152 aircrew members who were lost over hostile territory. A C-130 restored to resemble the aircraft shot down over Armenia is the center piece of the Memorial.
More losses were to occur when the C-130 became the backbone of the airlift system during the Vietnam War. About fifty C-130s were lost in combat in Vietnam between 1965 and 1972, and virtually none of these were due to accidents.
The two other Air Force air-lifters, the de Havilland C-7 and the Fairchild C-123 were very useful in the Vietnam War, but neither could match the capacity or the versatility of the Hercules. The C-130s not only maintained a tightly run logistics network throughout Southeast Asia, they also fought the war at close quarters, bringing troops and equipment directly to front-line action within range of enemy guns. The C-130s radar permitted it to operate in a much wider range of weather, and this capability led logically to it being employed later as a gun ship.
Dr. Alan Gropman, now the Distinguished Professor of National Security Policy, as the Industrial College of the Armed Forces, National Defense University, tells the story of value of the C-130’s radar on his first mission of his second Vietnam tour. Then a captain and a flight examiner navigator, Gropman said, “During the Tet Offensive, our aircraft was diverted to Dong Ha, a small Marine base a few kilometers south of the Demilitarized Zone. There a badly wounded Marine enlisted man needed to be air evacuated to a major hospital. When we were about 50 miles east of the base, we were told the field’s navigation and landing systems were destroyed and the weather was below landing minimums. We agreed to attempt an Airborne Radar Approach (wherein the navigator directs the pilot using a Ground Controlled Approach type landing employing the airborne radar) to get to the injured man. At fifty feet altitude, about one quarter of a mile from the edge of the runway, the co-pilot saw the strobe lights and we landed, picked up the young man, and took him to Saigon, where we were met by ambulance, our passenger still alive.” On his two tours in the C-130, Gropman completed a dozen such approaches using the Herky’s radar to bring vital supplies- usually fuel and ammunition-to beleaguered bases, including dropping ammunition to the 101st Airborne Division as it chased the North Vietnamese in the Au Shau valley.
The C-130’s most well-known Vietnam exploit was frustrating the efforts of North Vietnamese General Vo Nguyen Giap to do to the Americans what he had done to the French at Dien Bien Phu. Giap wanted to score a significant victory by capturing a large numbers of American prisoners. He used two regular North Vietnamese Army divisions to surround six thousand Marines defending Khe Sanh. During the seventy day siege that raged between January 20 and March 31, ninety-two percent of all supplies were brought in by C-130s. Other elements of American airpower, including close air support by B-52, helped the Marines resist, but it was the C-130s that kept them supplied and operating.
Whenever weather and enemy activity permitted, the C-130s landed at Khe Sanh out of a steep approach, off loading as swiftly as possible. The LAPES (Low Altitude Parachute Extraction System) was used when it was too dangerous to stop and off-load. When the weather was too bad for landing or LAPES, air-drops were made using ground controlled radar to guide the 130s to the drop zones. In every instance, the transports were vulnerable to the intense enemy fire.
The Hercules performed similar services elsewhere in Vietnam, most notably during the April-June, 1972 battle for An Loc. There the Hercules assumed an additional role, that of the deadly-effective AC-130 Spectre gunship.
Following in the footsteps of the AC-47 gunships, the first AC-130 Spectre began operations from Nha Trang on September 24, 1967. It was so successful that twenty-eight additional aircraft were modified over time. The effect of the Spectre’s firepower is dazzling. The 20mm gun can put one bullet in every square inch of a ground the size of a football field in a single minute. The most lethal of the original Spectres were the last eleven AC-130Es, which had the already heavy armament package enhanced with a 105mm howitzer. A total of six gunships were lost to enemy action in Vietnam.
The C-130 was also pressed into service as a bomber. Its most successful contribution was in Operation Commando Vault, where it was made hundreds of sorties in which it dropped large bombs to clear an area of the jungle for use by helicopters. The 10,000 pound M-121 bomb was dropped via parachute extraction, and was able to clear a 200-foot diameter area. The 15,000 BLU-82 increased the diameter to 260 feet, and was also used against troop and vehicle targets. During the Tet Offensive, C-130s bombed enemy troops with an improvised explosive device–25,000 pounds of contaminated kerosene tied to white phosphorous hand grenades. The Hercules can now handle the Massive Ordnance Air Burst (MOAB), more colloquially known as the Mother of All Bombs.
The most poignant exploit of the C-130 in Vietnam may be found in sidebar two, where a brave South Vietnamese Air Force pilot made a truly Herculean takeoff with 452 people on board.
Variations on a Theme
Speed, maneuverability, ruggedness and reliability make a good portfolio of attributes for any sort of aerial weapon system, and since the Hercules possessed these in quantity, it was chosen to do many tasks. The continual improvement of the aircraft over the years, particularly the increase in performance resulting from the use of new and more powerful engines, made it attractive for a wide range of roles. There have been at least seventy variants of the Hercules, and the future will probably see even more, given that versions of the C-130 will undoubtedly serve out the rest of the twenty-first century, and perhaps part of the twenty-second as well.
Some of the variants were built in small numbers for tasks that differed only slightly from the routine, while others were built in fair numbers for highly specialized tasks that were far removed from the concept of carrying troops and cargo from Point A to Point B. In many instances, a mission given to a C-130A was sustained, enlarged, and conferred upon successor aircraft like the C-130E. In contrast, after having fulfilled the new duties of a specific mission, aircraft were often converted back to standard C-130 transport status.
Gathering signals intelligence (SIGINT) was one of the first additional missions, and ten C-130A-11-LM aircraft were modified for use by the 7407th Combat Support Wing. This tradition has been expanded on by today’s EC-130 counterparts. The now retired EC-130 ABCCC (Airborne Command and Control Center) was an effective supplement to the larger AWACS. The EC-130 Commando Solo is used in psychological warfare, carrying such powerful and directed radio and television broadcasting equipment that it literally becomes the one voice that can be seen and heard in the areas in which it is used. During Operation Iraqi Freedom the Commando Solo aircraft were so effective that 15,000 Iraqi troops obeyed a radio call for surrender after two weeks of bombing. Another role for the Hercules included the DC-130 mother aircraft which was used for many years to carry, launch and control remotely piloted vehicles such as the Ryan Firebee drone, anticipating the modern world of UAVs and UCAVs.
The Hercules offered the Marine Corps a chance to obtain a suitable tanker and the first of these, originally designated GV-1s but subsequently re-designated KC-130F, entered service in 1960. One of the most remarkable capabilities of the Hercules was the in-flight refueling of helicopters. This not only facilitated helicopters for their conventional missions, it imparted a totally new potential for helicopter tactics. The C-130 was especially value for the search and rescue role, with HC-130H aircraft acting both as command and control and as tanker. The Air Force uses the HC-130P version currently for CSAR (Combat Search and Rescue.)
Some Hercules were modified to become MC-130E Combat Talon I aircraft used for special operations. They have in-flight refueling receptacles, infra-red detection equipment and some used to carry the Fulton rescue gear. The follow-on MC-130H are new-build aircraft with additional equipment. The MC-130P Combat Shadow is dedicated to long distant, clandestine, low-level missions into denied areas to provide air refueling to Special Operation Forces helicopters.
In addition to broad missions as outlined above, many Hercules were used for unique roles that sometimes required only a few aircraft. These included weather reconnaissance (WC-130E/H/J), ski equipped versions (LC-130D/F/H) for use in both Arctic and Antarctic, TACAMO (Take Charge And Move Out), which linked the National Command Authority to submarines on patrol (EC-130G), satellite recovery (NC-130H) and perhaps the most dramatic of all, the YMC-130H. Under a project called Credible Sport, this specially equipped C-130 was intended to participate in the ill fated 1980 attempt to rescue hostages held by Iran. The YMC-130H was intended to make extremely short-field landings and take-offs using booster rockets and retro-rockets. One example of the three YMC-130Hs may be seen at the Robins Air Force Base Museum.
While the Iranian hostage rescue was not successful, C-130s were used by a foreign air force in one of the most sensational rescues of all time-the raid on Entebbe. (see sidebar three)
The first among the many foreign users of the C-130 was the Royal Australian Air Force, which obtained ten C-130As beginning in 1957. The RAAF has since accepted twelve C-130Es and twelve C-130Hs. The E-models have since been replaced by the advanced C-130J.
The C-130 performance is so excellent, and it is so rugged and reliable that foreign air forces have been able to meet their air cargo needs with relatively few aircraft. The United Kingdom purchased the most aircraft, sixty-six, while Saudia Arabia is second, with fifty.
It was the Israel Defense Force/Air Force, however, which exploited the versatility of the C-130 to the greatest extent. It received the first twelve in the heat of the Yom Kippur War in 1973 where it was pressed into service getting ammunition directly to front line units, supplying Ariel Sharon’s brigade after it crossed the Suez Canal into Egypt. The Israeli Hercules performed as flying six-by-six trucks , following the tanks into battle, “S” turning to maintain position and landing on any designated spot to deliver ammunition and fuel directly to the armor. The IDF/AF later acquired a further ten C-130Hs and two KC-130Hs.
The IDF/AF uses the Hercules much in the manner of the USAF, primarily for transport but with many options for special operations missions and refueling. Prior to the bombing of the Iraqi atomic site at Osirak, the route was plotted by low-altitude reconnaissance flights made by McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantoms. Israeli C-130s would refuel the F-4s so close to the ground that the Phantom’s engines put up obscuring clouds of dust.
The effect of the wide spread foreign use of the Hercules has been profound, and one example of its influence is the similarity in appearance of such aircraft as the Antonov An-12 and the Transall C.160. While not in any sense copies of the C-130, they acknowledged the basic logic of the Hercules’ design by adopting is high wing, upswept fuselage for rear-loading, and stub landing gear configuration.
The Future of the C-130
Early in its history, the Lockheed Aircraft Corporation used a motto “It Takes a Lockheed to Beat a Lockheed.” Today, Lockheed Martin can readily say that “It Takes a C-130 to Beat a C-130” and is actively promoting the sale of the very advanced C-130J to air forces around the world.
The C-130J program currently has 179 aircraft on ordered of which 108 have been delivered. The latest version offers a considerably improved performance, thanks to the 6,000 shp Rolls-Royce-Allison AE2100D engines and the all composite six bladed Dowty Aerospace propeller system. With a maximum cruising speed of 355 knots, and enhanced systems that do not require the services of either a navigator or a flight engineer, the C-130J has established 54 world’s records in the process of validating its performance.
The Hercules has been around so long that we tend to take it for granted. To put things in perspective one has to realize how remarkable everyone would have considered it if Eddie Rickenbacker’s 1918 SPAD had fought in Vietnam in 1968, or if Bud Anderson’s 1941 Mustang had flown in the 1991 Gulf War. Yet we see the C-130 operating effectively fifty years after its first flight, and think it’s perfectly routine. The same observations will probably be made in 2104, when, almost certainly, the later models of the C-130 will still be going strong.
The aircraft must be able to:
- carry ninety-two infantrymen or sixty-four paratroopers on a mission with a combat radius of 1,100 nautical miles, or, alternatively, a thirty-thousand pound cargo over 960 miles.
- operate from short unprepared airstrips of clay, sand or humus soil.
- slow down to 125 knots for paradrops and even slower for assault landings.
- have both a rear ramp operable in flight for heavy-equipment and side doors for paratroop drops.
- handle bulky and heavy equipment including bulldozers, artillery pieces and trucks and
- fly with one engine out.
On April 29, 1975, when the fall of Saigon was imminent. Tan Son Nhut Air Base was taking heavy fire, and its ramps and taxiways were littered with the burning carcasses of what had been the South Vietnamese Air Force. A VNAF officer, Tim Nguyen, saw a single Lockheed C-130A taxing out with people still streaming to climb on board the cargo ramp. He joined them, forcing his way on board.
At the end of the runway, the cargo door finally closed. The pilot, Major Phuong, pushed the power forward and the overweight Hercules slowly ran down the 9,000 foot runway, finally staggering off the ground at the end of the 1,000 foot overrun. The C-130 stayed in ground effect until it gained enough speed to begin a shallow climb.
The airplane was at least 20,200 pounds overweight, as it carried no fewer than 452 people, including thirty-three crowded into the flight deck. After a meandering flight of three and one-half hours, Phuong landed at U Tapao Royal Thai Air Base. When Nguyen got out, he looked at the C-130 and vowed that he would someday work for the company that built the airplane that saved his life. Today he does just that, at Lockheed Martin in Marietta, Georgia, where he is a specialist in defensive systems. The aircraft that carried him and 451 others to safety may now be found as the gate guardian at Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas.
On June 27, 1976, four terrorists forced an Air France Airbus 300 to divert from its scheduled Athens to Paris route and land at Entebbe, Uganda, the home of dictator Idi Amin. Joined there by more terrorists, the hijackers demanded that Israel free fifty-three convicted terrorists in exchange for the 105 Jewish and Israeli hostages that they held. They released the French air crew and non-Jewish passengers.
Israel had always refused to negotiate with terrorists, but agreed to enter negotiations to gain time to prepare a military counter-stroke. That counterstroke involved flying for seven hours in three C-130s, landing on a potentially hostile airport, drive to the air line terminal and kill all the terrorists while protecting the hostages.
The lead C-130 carried two jeeps and an exact copy of Amin’s black Mercedes. The other two C-130s carried the rest of the 200 crack troops assigned to rescue the hostages and destroy the MiGs parked on the airport so that they could not pursue and attack the C-130s on their homeward flight.
The C-130s landed at Entebbe at 23:01, local time, freeing the hostages in a swift attack that killed eight kidnappers. The force commander, Yoni Netanyahu, was killed by friendly fire, as were two hostages. Fifty-eight minutes after landing, the C-130s took off for a successful flight home.
Willis Hawkins wrote me that “We had a small group of four to six engineers to conceive new airplanes, and I was its head. | <urn:uuid:9cf6e710-84f7-4b8f-a6e7-39a4e0eb5445> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wingsoverkansas.com/boyne/a418/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00678.warc.gz | en | 0.969334 | 5,465 | 2.984375 | 3 |
There's a strange disconnect between Theresa May's presentation of her manifesto and the actual content. Brexit, she said on stage in Yorkshire, is "the central challenge we face". And yet the Brexit section of the manifesto is really rather short and lacking in detail.
On first sight, that's totally in line with her general attitude to the issue. She has long said that she can't give away details of her approach or else she'd lose leverage. But keeping details out of the manifesto has consequences in terms of negotiating Brexit. Namely, it stops her weakening the Lords.
This was supposed to be one of the primary reasons she was holding an election. When she emerged from Downing Street on the day of the announcement, she insisted she was doing it to stop domestic saboteurs from obstructing Brexit and explicitly mentioned the House of Lords as an example.
This manifesto provided an opportunity to do that. Under the Salisbury Convention, the Lords cannot reject a government bill which has been "foreshadowed" in the governing party's manifesto. If May really thought peers were trying to stop Brexit, putting details of her plan in the manifesto would have been a good way to block them from doing so.
Even if she didn't think so (she probably doesn't) it would prevent them slowing everything down. The Lords like to take their time with things and really dig into the details. That's not ideal with a huge project operating to a two-year timetable.
The fact May has not gone into considerable detail is therefore telling. She has chosen not to muzzle the Lords. The closest she comes is when she explicitly and without caveats says Britain will leave the single market and customs union. There is no more talk of a half-in-half-out arrangement with regards to either.
This could be said to "foreshadow" any number of bills or difficult parliamentary battles, for instance on a hard border in Ireland or the reintroduction of country-of-origin requirements, both of which follow from our decision to leave the customs union. But because it is so vague, Lords will find it pretty easy to get involved.
It is the same all over the manifesto. There is a page or two on trade, for instance, but with very little concrete detail. This again allows the Lords to interfere. They could, for instance, vote against a bill which would allow the importing of chlorine-washed chicken, which would prove a stumbling block in trade negotiations with the US. A more detailed manifesto would have prevented that. May seems to prefer the advantage of keeping her cards close to her chest than the advantage of binding the Lords.
There had been concerns that May might try to make the Lords completely impotent over the great repeal bill by barring them from addressing statutory instruments – clever little bits of law which allow ministers to change legislation without a full debate. The manifesto contains no provisions for comprehensive reform, although it does darkly allude to plans which would ensure the Lords "continues to fulfil its constitutional role as a revising and scrutinising chamber which respects the primacy of the House of Commons". Still, this appears to refer to size rather than powers.
The election was a chance to take on all her parliamentary critics – the ones in the Commons via a stomping majority and the ones in the Lords by the clever use of Salisbury and reform of their ability to scrutinise statutory instruments. She's on course for the first, but not the second.
Elsewhere, there is evidence that May is preparing the ground for some pretty major concessions in Brexit talks. The document says repeatedly that she wishes to "deliver a smooth and orderly departure from the European Union". That seems to rule out – or at least play down the chances of – a no-deal outcome.
She pledges to "secure the entitlements" of EU nationals in the UK and UK nationals in the EU. This is quite revealing in its wording. Europe wants to secure all manner of guarantees for its citizens in the UK, including things like health care and the right to be joined by family. That makes the issue much more complex than British ministers had realised and creates some politically unpalatable outcomes, like giving EU citizens greater rights than UK ones or granting the European Court of Justice jurisdiction over the terms of the arrangement. May could have restricted the wording to just 'residency status' here, but instead has gone for 'entitlements'. That doesn't exactly confirm that the UK government intends to preserve all their rights, but it suggests that that's the way they're going.
On the budget, which is expected to be a major bust-up at the start of negotiations, the wording of the manifesto is also revealing.
"We will determine a fair settlement of the UK's rights and obligations as a departing member state in accordance with the law and in the spirit of the UK's continued partnership with the EU."
That sounds quite a bit like capitulation, albeit presumably on a tolerable payment timetable.
So the overall direction of travel looks this afternoon a lot less like no-deal than it did yesterday. But it's hard to be too confident in any assessment. Partly, that's because the manifesto is lacking in any real detail. And secondly it's because many bits of it contradict themselves, or are so ambiguous as to lack meaning.
It says, for instance, that Brexit must be "smooth and orderly" but also that "no deal is better than a bad deal". It says we are leaving the customs union but that "as frictionless a border as possible" should be maintained in Ireland. None of these ideas really fit together.
Even more tellingly, it says that "workers' rights conferred on British citizens from our membership of the EU will remain" after Brexit and that "protections given to consumers and the environment by EU law will continue to be available in UK law". But then it says:
"Once EU law has been converted into domestic law, parliament will be able to pass legislation to amend, repeal or improve any piece of EU law it chooses."
Presumably that includes the workers' rights, environmental standards and consumer protections the Conservatives are supposedly guaranteeing. Again, it just doesn't fit together. May is trying to placate everyone at the same time – the right-wing Brexit head-bangers and former Labour voters. Who'll eventually win is anyone's guess.
But overall, this is a pretty tolerable manifesto for critics of Brexit, given the circumstances. There are no black-and-white pledges which would make a no-deal outcome more likely, as there were in those early aggressive days at the Tory conference. There are no firm details aimed squarely at weakening the Lords, or outright attempts to muzzle the second chamber. And there are areas where the government seems to be preparing to give ground in negotiation.
But that old question remains, as it always does with May: does she have any idea what she's doing? Maybe she isn't being strategic, but simply inept. Maybe she has no sense of how important the wording is, or what she could have done to control the Lords, or even why the things she says seem to contradict one another. There is nothing in this document to confirm this issue one way or another. It seems we'll have to wait until negotiations start to find out whether the vagueness of her Brexit policy is tactical or merely ignorant.
Ian Dunt is the editor of Politics.co.uk. His book – Brexit: What The Hell Happens Now? – is available now from Canbury Press.
The opinions in politics.co.uk's Comment and Analysis section are those of the author and are no reflection of the views of the website or its owners. | <urn:uuid:d2ef1037-a658-476e-aee9-affe09034200> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://politicsuk.designs.brafton.com/blogs/2017/05/18/tory-manifesto-may-lays-ground-for-brexit-compromise/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.974473 | 1,570 | 1.65625 | 2 |
200 Years. 200 Stories. Story
30: “AMA Founded at the Academy of Natural Sciences
The Academy of Natural Sciences was located at Broad and Samson streets in Philadelphia when the American Medical Association was founded. Ewell Sale Stewart Library & Archives Coll. 49.
AMA Founded at the Academy of Natural Sciences
In the spring of 1847, hundreds of delegates from twenty-eight states gathered at the Academy of Natural Sciences to found the American Medical Association (AMA). Dr. Nathan S. Davis, whose 1845 resolution to the New York Medical Association called for a national medical convention, led the group. Attendees not only founded the largest association of medical doctors and students in the country, but also they accomplished many other victories for modern medicine—all at the Academy! Delegates adopted the first code of medical ethics and established the first nationwide standards for preliminary medical education and the MD degree. They established further measures to fulfill the association's aspirations to advance science, create standards for medical education, develop a program of medical ethics, and improve public health.
History is still in the making at the Academy. Mark your calendars for Bicentennial Weekend, March 24–25, 2012, and be the first to see our major exhibit, The Academy at 200: The Nature of Discovery. This spectacular exhibit celebrates the Academy's groundbreaking discoveries of the past and present and provides a glimpse into our future as of one of the world's greatest natural history museums. | <urn:uuid:76a4584e-bff5-4b04-9559-6d3bc01e7b68> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ansp.org/explore/online-exhibits/stories/ama-founded-at-the-academy-of-natural-sciences/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00193-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944594 | 294 | 2.625 | 3 |
Dental disease is one of the most common diseases in cats and dogs in and around Richmond. Not only is dental disease painful for your pet, but the increased bacteria in their mouth can be associated with other conditions such as kidney disease, heart disease, and liver disease. As many as eight in ten pets have dental disease!
How do I know if my pet has dental disease?
Watch out for:
- smelly breath
- drooling or dropping food from their mouth
- a loss of appetite
- weight loss
What does dentistry involve at Swan Street Vet?
Cats and dogs in Richmond and surrounds can rest easy knowing that we have their dental health as a top priority! We have invested in a state of the art dental X-ray machine so that we can see exactly what’s going on in your pet’s mouth.
We can’t ask your pet to “open wide” – so dogs and cats with dental disease need a general anaesthetic to allow us to assess their teeth and clean thoroughly under the gum line. Severely diseased teeth are potentially very painful so we usually remove them to prevent future problems.
To book your pet in for a dental checkup, call Swan Street Vet today: (03)9111 0000 | <urn:uuid:4de9571d-dd16-4c9b-96ee-f8a483314fe9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://swanstreetvet.com.au/services/dentistry/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.957907 | 268 | 2.625 | 3 |
It can feel like 24 hours isn’t enough time in the day, and all the productivity hacks in the world won’t change that. Here are four proven strategies to help you make the most of your limited time.
- Batch your emails and meetings. It’s hard to get into flow when you know you’re going to be interrupted every hour. By knocking out all your emails or meetings at once, you’ll clear out some undisturbed time to work on deep-focus tasks.
- Do your best to learn some keyboard shortcuts that can reduce how much you rely on your computer’s mouse and trackpad. This may seem like a small thing, but over time, it makes a huge difference.
- Nudge your way to better behaviour: Leverage your environment to change your self-destructive habits. If you’re losing time because you’re distracted by your phone throughout the day, leave it in another room. If emails are derailing your workflow, pause notifications.
- Read your work out loud. No matter what your job is, chances are you write at least one email per day. Listening to the words you put down on paper will speed up and clarify your writing process.
This tip is adapted from “What Super Productive People Do Differently,” by Amantha Imber | <urn:uuid:5b20df26-7331-48fa-9845-ec863e10cd9e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://datapulses.com/2021/05/22/what-super-productive-people-do-differently/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.932227 | 284 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Boston National Historical Park gets new British 18-Pounder Cannon
The Boston National Historical Park is an association of sites that showcase Boston‘s role in the American Revolution. It was designated a national park on October 1, 1974. Seven of the eight sites are connected by the Freedom Trail, a walking tour of downtown Boston.
Several of the sites within the park are neither owned nor operated by the National Park Service, and operate through cooperative agreements established upon the park’s creation. The park service also operates visitor centers in downtown Boston and at the Charlestown Navy Yard, as well as the Bunker Hill Museum, not far from the Bunker Hill Monument. All eight properties are National Historic Landmarks.
Charlestown Navy Yard
The Charlestown Navy Yard is located on the southern edge of Charlestown on the banks of the Charles River. Used during the American Revolutionary War as a shipyard, it continued to serve as a base of the United States Navy until 1975, when the Navy turned the property over to the National Park Service. The Yard is home to the USS Constitution (the oldest floating commissioned naval vessel in the world), and the USS Cassin Young, a destroyer from the Second World War that is now operated as a museum ship.
Steen Cannons to furnish reproduction British 18-pounder cannon barrel to the Charlestown Navy Yard. | <urn:uuid:87079c71-0a23-402e-bcd5-388338f2b45e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.steencannons.com/single-post/2010/11/01/boston-national-historical-park-gets-new-british-18-pounder-cannon | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.948202 | 279 | 2.921875 | 3 |
A shorter, less technical version of this book, "Become Smarter," is available. The present ebook describes techniques for improvement of mental abilities (cognitive enhancement). Some of the things it can help you to achieve include the following:
- Depending on circumstances, use different lifestyles that improve one or another mental function.
- Experience euphoria without drugs and come up with new ideas, when needed.
- Slow down and prevent yourself from making rash, impulsive decisions, when necessary.
- Sharpen your wit, become more talkative, and entertain people.
- When necessary, lower your mood and increase emotional tension, which can reduce procrastination.
- Increase your score on intelligence (IQ) or general aptitude tests.
- Concentrate on reading and writing for many hours daily.
- Increase your grade point average if you are a student or improve your job productivity if you are a knowledge worker.
The proposed methods are brief cooling or heating of the body (water therapy) and three "smart diets," each suitable for a different type of task. The text also describes a "depressant diet," which is not a smart diet but can improve self-control and sleep. Readers don't need to use the strict diets on a permanent basis and the book recommends the conventional food pyramid most of the time. The text also discusses several useful social skills and studying/writing techniques as well as the role of luck in personal achievement.
Most authors in this field will tell you that you should read more books, solve mental puzzles, buy their nutritional supplements, sleep well, and exercise in order to get smarter. In contrast, this book is proposing moderately cold hydrotherapy and a smart diet (which involves avoiding all dietary supplements). To give another example, most books on anger management say that you should try to change your thinking in order to overcome anger, while this book suggests hot hydrotherapy and the exclusion of certain foods from your diet. The main focus of discussion in this text is on changing the biological workings of the brain, not on pop psychology. In particular, the book describes various combinations of diets and hydrotherapy that have the following effects: sedative/sleep-promoting, stimulant/wakefulness-promoting, attention-enhancing, antianxiety, antidepressant, mood-stabilizing (mood-lowering), neuroleptic, and euphoriant. In addition, the book presents existing scientific evidence of pain-reducing, fever-reducing, anti-fatigue, immunostimulatory, antinausea, antihypertensive, and anti-inflammatory effects of hydrotherapy. The text also discusses the possible side effects of the diets and hydrotherapy.
Despite its technical content, the book is written in an accessible language and has an informative summary for each chapter and a list of key points at the end of each section. Most of the claims in the bulleted list above are supported with a theory and the author's personal experience (a healthy subject). About a half of these claims is directly supported by previously published scientific studies, including the claim about intelligence tests.
Bonus: A sustainable weight loss regimen. Unfortunately, most weight loss diets adversely affect capacity for work and/or mental health. To give some examples, a vegetarian low-fat diet causes attention deficit and lowers capacity for work; a low-carb diet lowers capacity for work and promotes procrastination; a grain-free diet such as the Paleo diet increases irritability, impulsivity, and problems with anger; a balanced low-calorie diet lowers capacity for work and promotes procrastination. The proposed method involves a balanced diet, a program of physical exercise that does not require will power or time, and brief weekly fasting without water. | <urn:uuid:808fb8a6-9e66-49cd-a5b2-fd5e7693653d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.smashwords.com/books/view/491864 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.914817 | 769 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Solar Reflection Screens - Solaro
Maybe you’ve heard of our aluminium know-how – it’s the secret to effective shading whether you’re in Holland or Mexico. The aluminium strips provide the required level of solar reflection, but let hot air rise between them for added cooling. Some of the screens even combine a high level of diffusion to stimulate growth and better regulate plant temperature.
There are Solar Reflection screens for most applications: inside, outside, open roof – with either sliding and suspended systems or rolling systems. Where the climate is particularly hot, a combination of screens often provides best control.
Warranty: 5 years under all types of greenhouse covering, see our limited warranty for all terms, conditions and exclusions in writing
Climate Screens Solaro has a highly reflective quality and an open structure ideal for ventilation. But unlike natural cloud cover, it can be put to use whenever it’s needed. This makes it ideal for shading in hot climates or simply to manage more sensitive plants
Reasons to choose Solaro:
- The ultimate shading thanks to its open structure for maximum ventilation.
- Effective cooling for greenhouses with roof ventilation
- Exterior grade versions available allowing other screens to be used inside for greater climate versatility
- Without gapping for ventilation, the shading – and crop – are more even
- Can be used at night to reduce radiation losses that otherwise cause condensation on plants.
- Available in 30% to 80% shade. | <urn:uuid:dbbf91cd-153a-48a1-82d4-e650de8ff6bc> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://gothicarchgreenhouses.com/svensson-solar-reflection.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00458-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.85935 | 306 | 2.046875 | 2 |
163. Memorandum by the Deputy Director for Intelligence (Cline)0
Washington, January 14, 1963.
- Sino-Soviet Relations
- Attached is a CIA memorandum1 dealing with the status and implications of the Sino-Soviet dispute. The paper points out that the ideological conflict between the two Communist parties and the divergence of the national policies of the two governments are already so fundamental that, for most practical purposes, a “split” has already occurred. From the viewpoint of most of the rest of the world, the USSR and China are now two separate powers whose interests conflict on almost every major issue.
- A formal and definitive break between Moscow and Peiping would obviously have many important advantages for the West. However, the emergence of a separate Asian Communist Bloc under the leadership of China could have grave implications for U.S. security interests in the Far East because of Peipings militant and intense anti-Western line.
Ray S. Cline | <urn:uuid:95ee5602-da57-4173-ac14-41334d1cecd2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1961-63v22/d163 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00575-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94241 | 200 | 2.21875 | 2 |
Replacing Porter Cable bearings
Here's how I replaced the bearings on a Porter Cable 890 router. There's also a video on youtube, but I've added a few tricks for people who don't have an impact wrench nor press.
1. Remove top housing (two phillips screws)
2. Remove brushes (two Torx screws)
3. Remove two screws (Torx/slotted)
4. Remove top brush/electronics assembly (I had to pry with a knife)
You now have the case and the armature. To remove the armature, you must remove the collet nut, but unfortunately, there's no way to hold the armature. The easy solution is to use an impact wrench, which I didn't have. Here's how I got around this problem:
5. Take a 2 x 4 that is slightly shorter than twice the depth of your hole saw (see next 2 steps)
6 Drill a 1 3/4 inch hole in the center of the end-grain (not the face or the edge)
7. Extend the hole saw pilot drill to the other side
8. From the opposite side, drill another 1 3/4 inch hole until it meets the first hole.
9. You should now have a 2 x 4 with a hole in the center from one end-grain to the other.
10. Split the 2 x 4 in half lengthwise.
11. Trim each piece so it fits between the armature and the case snugly. the snugger (is that a word?) the better. Might use a mallet, but remember, you're going to have to remove them later.
12. When you put the case in a vise, it will deform just enough to press against the two wood blocks and lock the armature. Obviously, you don't want to overdo this or you will deform or crack the case.
13. Remove the collet nut.
14. Press out the armature. If you don't have a press, use whatever trick you have such as a vise, clamps, or drill press.
15. Press out the bearing (its a 42 x 20 x 12 sealed 6004RS - mine was made in China - yuck). If it doesn't come out easily, heat the case and it will almost fall out (the case is aluminum which has a higher coefficient of expansion than steel).
16 Reassembly is the reverse - I'd suggest heating the case - makes installation of the bearing easy.
Hope this helps. | <urn:uuid:7b40f8bc-bc4c-4f23-a6fd-6fb580681a88> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.routerforums.com/general-routing/27462-replacing-porter-cable-bearings.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00572-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940811 | 528 | 1.890625 | 2 |
Álafoss Lopi, Bulky Lopi and Létt-Lopi:
Handwash only in lukewarm water (30°C / 86°F). Soak the garment in the suds for about 5 minutes, then rinse thoroughly in lukewarm water. Do not rub or wring but gently squeeze the liquid through the garment. If necessary, spin for about 1-3 minute to remove excess moisture. Dry flat, smooth the garment out and pull gently into shape.
Garments knitted from Plötulopi are washed in the same way as garments knitted from Álafoss Lopi, Bulky Lopi or Létt-Lopi, except when washed for the first time do not pre-soak the garment in the suds. Wash the garment by squeezing the suds through the knitwear then rinse thoroughly in lukewarm water.
It is often enough to air a wollen garment thoroughly, rather than washing it.
100% Icelandic Wool Yarn - Quality Wool from Iceland
Shop Icelandic Wool!! | <urn:uuid:e5c4309f-cdee-48a3-80b8-fd5ea47eeaf7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.shopicelandic.com/pages/wool-care-instructions | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00279-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.852479 | 228 | 1.835938 | 2 |
NAVTTC under TVET Reform Support Program (Co-funded by Government of Germany, Netherland and European Union) has taken
various initiatives for Socio-Economic Development through Skills Development. Amongst many, one of the its success story is given below:
Sewing a Bright Future
Muhammad Nawaz alias Aashee is a transgender and she lives in Green Town, Lahore. Born in Gujrat, she moved to Lahore 20
years ago with her guru (mentor). It had been an escape from a life of constant degradation and rejection. At home, her family
did not want to be associated with a transgender. At the boys’ school where she did her Matriculation, her classfellows subjected
her to constant ridicule and abuse, and even the teachers would hold her responsible for the conflicts and advise her to “mend her ways.”
Stitch by Stitch-1“Only a transgender can know the ordeal they have to go through throughout their lives,” she says.
The option of making ends meet through singing and dancing at festive occasions, which she used to do in her younger days, is no longer
open to her at the age of 41. Instead, she relies on alms money, assistance from well-earning members of her community, and charity
distributed at the shrines of Sufi saints to eke out a living in her rented house, which she shares with two others of her community.
“I have always despised a life of dependency,” she laments. “I tried my best to break these shackles but couldn’t succeed.”
That is, until she met Master Taj, a transgender well-known for her tailoring skills, who told her about a training course in industrial
garments stitching (IGS). Aashee jumped at the opportunity; and today, she “is one of the most committed students in the class,” reports
Munir Rajput, the Admission and Placement Officer at the Vocational Training Institute (VTI) in Green Town, which is managed by the Punjab
Vocational Training Council.
The training course is being offered with the backing of the Fund for Innovative Training, an initiative of the Technical and Vocational
Education and Training Reform Support Programme. This is a multi-lateral initiative co-funded by the European Union, the Embassy of the
Kingdom of the Netherlands, and the Federal Republic of Germany and is being implemented in Pakistan by the GIZ.
Stitch by Stitch-2
Under this programme, the VTI is offering IGS courses to a batch of deserving women and members of the marginalized transgenders’ community.
They are being trained free of cost, provided free uniforms, and given a stipend of Rs. 2,000 every month. In total, 24 transgenders and
36 female trainees have been enrolled in the course. There were only four dropouts – all from the former group who could not continue due
to personal reasons. “It took us two months to convince transgenders to apply for the course,” Munir relates. “Many of them make good
money from activities which are not approved of by society and would scoff at what we had to offer.” He says that the older and
not-so-good-looking ones were the first to apply. Eventually, even some of the younger and prettier ones realized that their patrons would
not look after their financial needs forever, and they came round.
Stitch by Stitch-3
“We launched the IGS course as this profession is in high demand and there are a large number of textile units in the vicinity of the VTI,”
explains Munir, adding that a few factories had already expressed their interest in hiring transgenders once they graduated. Ayesha Ejaz, a
young girl in her early 20s, is a beneficiary whose father is a helper in a hospital. She stitches clothes at home but once she graduates
she hopes to earn good money. “I have learnt this trade on brand new imported machines which aren’t available at private training centers,”
she says. “I was told by a female employee of a stitching unit that having prior knowledge of operating these machines increases one’s
chances of employment.”
Chandni Jameel, a mother of two, is hopeful that her employability will increase manifold due to the skills she has attained. Her husband
is a security guard who earns a paltry Rs. 9,000 and she wants to help supplement their income. “Multi-tasking is the key to finding a good
job,” Chandni observes. “Industrial employers want prospective employees to be well-versed in the complete production cycle. I feel confident
as I have learnt all the major trades in this field during our training.” Munir seconds Chandni’s statement.
Stitch by Stitch-4
“We have formulated our labs according to industry standards,” he elaborates. “The teachers are experienced and have close
contacts with the major industries.” This led the staff to take orders from several established stitching units such as Nishat, Tex Pak, and
Comfort Knitwear among others, and have the students develop samples for them. The technique was a tremendous success. “Our trainees got job
offers from these firms,” Munir reveals. “They will join them soon after the completion of their trainings.”
Jasmine, a transgender, also stands a good chance of finding a job via this VTI-industry alliance. It would come as a great relief to her.
She has a small piece of land inherited from her parents but it is under the constant threat of being snatched away by her estranged
siblings. “I don’t have the words to thank all those at the VTI and all those who have supported this programme,” Jasime says. “They cared
for me and other neglected ones like me.” According to Munir, it’s not only the transgender community that will benefit from these employment
opportunities, but the industry also. He feels that the transgenders’ inability to switch jobs actually makes them more dependable employees.
Furthermore, “they have a high IQ,” he says; and adds, “They have no family obligations to fulfill, so their focus will primarily be on their
work.” It is a persuasive argument – and one that will be given a much-needed chance to be realized through this scheme. | <urn:uuid:cc1b9ee2-825a-4d2a-bee8-0bf4ba42618b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.navttc.org/SuccessStories.aspx?cat=0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280791.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00365-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972475 | 1,412 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Waking up this Christmas morning, I have one task—a monthly donation as part of my monthly anti-Adobe commitment. With the emergence of the Creative Cloud, it’s more important than ever for artists to support alternatives to subscription-based software. So for this month, my software of choice is Tupi.
Open source is free, right?
The biggest misconception about open source software is that it’s free. Yes, it’s free to download and to use. The code is accessible to tweak and adjust for savvier users. Even though the software is free, it takes a lot of effort and time for development. Donations help developers stay on track with there vision and hire help or acquire resources.
Tupi is vector animation software that was resurrected from a earlier program that was abandoned called Ktoon. The program takes traditional animation and digitizes the experience. The setup and interface is similar to Toon Boom Studio. You work with an X-Sheet and have layers. Tupi also has tween making capabilities. All of these features are impressive but early in development.
Early this year the lead developer, Gustavo, tried to get funding for the development of Tupi. The donations were intended to secure a full-time developer for one year. Even though the fundraising effort landed short of it’s goal, it did recieve 118 backers, including big talents like Nina Paley. I tried to do my part for the Kickstarter by helping Gustavo write his script for the video. There are tons of ways that you can pitch in for support.
For donating, you don’t need a Kickstarter, just go to Tupi’s donation page. You can support by Gustavo and the project by buying a t-shirt or other swag. Wear the Tupi logo with pride and become a walking billboard for innovative software. You can also give money through Paypal. Donating is just about spending money. If you’re strapped for cash but want to show support, consider joining the project—animators and developers are welcome. Go here if you want to sign up at a beta tester. Also, if you have old laptops that you’re looking to get rid of, Gustavo and his team is always looking for an extra computer.
Knack for innovation
Even though Gustavo didn’t meet his goal for the Kickstarter, it hasn’t stopped him from moving forward with Tupi. He’s forward-thinking and really understands what artists want. Here are some of the new and wonderful features in Tupi.
Import editable Gimp, Krita, and Inkscape files. This is a brand new feature. For artists who are familiar with Adobe’s smart object layers, it’s similar. Now with Tupi you can create a new Gimp, Krita or Inkscape file inside Tupi. Doing this will launch the appropriate program. When you save the file, you can go back to Tupi and update the file instance. This will update the edited file, linking the two. It’s really pretty amazing. It makes working between programs much easier ! Tupi has beaten everyone else in the open-source community for creating a seamless sharing of assets between programs.
Greater stability and usability. Since the Kickstarter this summer, Gustavo has been working hard to make the program usable for artists. He’s worked on object ordering, outstanding brush tool adjustments and oodles of bug fixes.
Create scrolling backgrounds. Part of the tweening includes looping background, motion tweens and rotation tweens.
Gustavo has been working on expanding options for all types of tweening.
Work on the same file simultaneously. Gustavo has been working on a way for artists to be working in the same file at the same time—kind of like Google Docs. This is great leap forward for artistic collaboration.
Tupi on Mac!
This needed it’s own headline for me. I’m so excited to try my new Yiynova drawing tablet on my Mac with Tupi. Tupi is currently on Linux and Android. Being on the Mac is really going to increase the user base and potential supporters.
Reaching new heights
Think of giving to Tupi this holiday season.Tupi is a wonderful program. Though still in its infancy, Tupi has accomplished a lot in a very short period of time. If you’re looking for 2D animation software that you is built with the artist in mind, then look no further. If you’re looking for a polished piece of software for professional animations, then Tupi isn’t for you. Tupi’s a prime opportunity for developers and artists to join together and show large software companies like Adobe that we can make our own tools. | <urn:uuid:ddcef00c-f3f2-42a0-ad0d-4ab7e32eb5c5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://segtsy.com/adobe-offsetting-december-2013/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570765.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808031623-20220808061623-00270.warc.gz | en | 0.944595 | 1,015 | 1.546875 | 2 |
UPS Buying Guideprasaadmin
Planning to buy a new UPS or upgrade the existing one? Whatever be the reason, it is very important to first understand which is the right UPS and battery for your Business
The critical systems that sustain your business operations can’t go down.
PRASA supports you in improving your uptime with a full range of innovative Liebert uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) and future-proof, integrated UPS systems, that will cover the backup power needs of your IT infrastructure, from small computer rooms at the network edge to enterprise and hyperscale data centers. Discover the best uninterruptible supplies to protect your application.
Essential UPS Elements to Understand and How to Choose One that’s Best for your Business
In this age of Digital Transformation, when you’re increasingly relying on IT systems and data to keep your business running at peak efficiency, it’s more important than ever to ensure those systems can function even in the face of power disruptions.
That’s what uninterruptible power supplies (UPSs) are all about: supplying clean backup power to IT and other critical systems. In the face of a power disruption, a quality UPS can mean the difference between businesses as usual and lost data and hours of lost productivity.
UPSs can provide anywhere from a few minutes of backup power – enough to safely shut down workstations and servers or allow backup generators to kick in. Understanding how to choose a UPS that’s the best fit for your organization requires having a firm handle on how much power your IT and other critical systems draw and your tolerance for downtime for each application.
In this UPS buying guide, we’ll walk you through the UPS essentials and the buying criteria you need to consider to make an informed decision for your organization.
An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) provides clean, safe backup power for the attached electronic equipment. UPSs have internal batteries that are constantly being charged when not in use, so they’re ready to supply backup power in the event of a utility power outage or disruption. Additionally, UPSs can detect and compensate for anomalies such as power sags and surges, which are temporary power fluctuations that can damage attached computers and other electronics.
Different UPS models are designed to protect devices, including computers and peripherals, servers, and networking equipment, as well as data centers.
The best UPS battery backup solution for your organization depends on your specific requirements in terms of the loads you need to protect and tolerance for the risk of downtime.
Cost of downtime
While the cost of downtime varies widely by industry, 86% of respondents to a 2019 Statista survey put the cost at $301,000 per hour or more, and more than a third (34%) said downtime cost them $1 million per hour or more.
From that perspective, a relatively modest investment in a UPS is like an insurance policy against far more costly downtime and data loss.
Types of power disruptions UPSs protect against
UPSs protect against downtime caused by various kinds of power disruptions, including:
- Power surges: Surges are short bursts of power that can result from a number of external and internal sources:
- External: Utility maintenance work, lightning strikes, and power line disruptions, such as from snowstorms, downed tree limbs and transformer problems
- Internal: Routine on/off cycling of motors in machinery, air conditioning and refrigeration units and more, as well as faulty wiring
- Brownouts: which are reductions in the flow of utility power during high-demand periods
- Unplanned power outages can result from issues including:
- Natural Disasters: hurricanes, snowstorms, high-speed winds, and other weather conditions
- Utility and construction work
- Motor Vehicle Accidents
- Planned power outages:
- Utility maintenance and system upgrades
- Planned outages are now occurring in areas such as California, to protect against wildfires caused by sparks coming from utility equipment.
Buying the right UPS: Key considerations
Assessing which UPS battery backup is best for your business requires going through a series of questions regarding what equipment you need to protect, the ramifications of downtime with that equipment, whether a generator is available as a backup power source, and more.
- Determine the size of the load that needs UPS protection, and, hence, the capacity of the UPS
Step one is assessing which IT or electronic devices warrant UPS battery backup protection and the power required by each device so that you can calculate the required UPS capacity. The power consumption of IT servers, computers and workstations, and networking equipment are obvious places to start. Still, you might also want to include other devices that are critical to the day-to-day operation of the business, e.g., point of sale equipment and security systems, among others. Assess what applications each component supports and how the loss of that application will affect your organization.
For each device to be connected to the UPS, determine the power consumption (watts) of that device. Power consumption can typically be obtained from the equipment nameplate or manufacturer documentation.
The required UPS capacity is the sum of the power consumption of the devices to be connected to the UPS.
- Assess the required UPS runtime for critical devices and applications
Step 2 is to determine the desired UPS runtime for continued operation in case of a power failure.
If you have a generator for extended backup power, the required runtime of the UPS may only be a few minutes (~5 minutes) to safely start-up and transition to the generator.
On the other hand, your primary goal may be to have enough runtime (~5 to 10 minutes) to safely shutdown servers and workstations to avoid any data loss or corruption.
Or, for some applications, such as networks and Internet access (very critical these days), you may want to have 1 to 2 hours of runtime to be able to ride through most outages.
Keep in mind that, in general, the more equipment you connect to a single UPS, the shorter its overall runtime will be. An alternative may be to use separate UPS’ for certain applications.
- Determine the number of outlets required
Add up the number of devices that you need the UPS to support, and make sure the UPS has enough outlets to meet your immediate needs, and also leave some room for growth.
Alternatively, you can use a power distribution unit (PDU) to provide additional outlets, but be careful not to overload the UPS.
Some UPS models also include outlets that only support surge protection. These outlets do not provide battery backup. Make sure you understand the features of the UPS you are buying and that it has enough battery backup outlets to meet your needs.
- Consider UPS installation requirements
UPSs come in a variety of sizes and form-factors. Tower models are standalone units that sit on the floor, or a desk or shelf, and often backup desktop computers, servers, and routers in an office environment.
Rack-mount UPS models are typically designed to fit in a standard 19-inch IT rack along with other IT equipment. Rack-mount UPSs vary in size, and their height is measured by how many vertical slots it occupies in the rack. Each space is known as a “U” and measures 1.75 inches.
UPSs designed to use lithium-ion batteries tend to be smaller and lighter than similar models that use traditional lead-acid batteries, enabling you to fit more backup power capacity in the same space – or the same capacity in a smaller space.
UPS Advanced Features
UPSs can differ considerably in the exact set of features they support. The following are additional common features found in modern UPSs that you may want to consider.
Remote Monitoring and Management
UPSs with built-in network ports or support for network management cards (NMCs) can be monitored and managed remotely. This is especially important for UPSs installed in branch offices or edge locations with limited or no IT staff on site. In this case, a centralized IT or facilities group can monitor the status of all UPSs and be notified of issues such as batteries that need replacement. NMCs may also support environmental sensors, enabling the remote monitoring of conditions such as temperature and humidity.
Remote UPS Outlet Control
Some UPS models include outlets or outlet groups that can be managed remotely, including the ability to monitor energy usage, and cycle power or turn off these outlets or outlet groups. This can enable someone in a remote operation center to reboot a hung server or network switch, for example.
LCD Control Panel
From a local perspective, an LCD screen on the UPS can display useful information such as battery health and power conditions, and facilitate local management and control of the UPS.
User Replaceable Batteries
No battery lasts forever, and UPS batteries are no exception. But given that the main purpose of a UPS is to ensure uptime, UPS battery replacement must be a quick and easy process. Consider models that feature a removable panel that makes it easy for the user to replace the batteries, rather than having to call in a service technician.
Lithium-ion batteries are becoming more common in UPSs and for a good reason. They can easily last twice as long as traditional lead-acid batteries yet weigh far less and take up less space. They also support faster charging and more charge/discharge cycles. In many cases, the lower total cost of ownership (TCO) of a UPS with lithium-ion batteries will make them well worth the additional up-front cost.
Some UPS models support external battery packs that can provide extended runtime beyond what a UPS’s internal battery offers, enabling users to get potentially hours of battery backup time for critical loads.
ECO-mode for Energy Savings
UPS Eco-mode seeks to save energy by bypassing the voltage regulation and/or energy conversion processes of the UPS if it determines that the utility input power is of good quality, to save energy.
We hope this UPS buying guide has helped you understand how to choose a UPS that will serve you well for the long-term.
To learn more about choosing the best UPS battery backup solution for your organization, Please click here AC Power and UPS | <urn:uuid:58819993-0bba-4d87-ad11-9244c7c543d4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://prasa-pl.com/blog/ups-buying-guide/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.942447 | 2,170 | 1.601563 | 2 |
February 13, 2009
Revolt on Goose Island: Warnings about WARN
by Melville House
In the latest installment of her ongoing Melville House “Live Book” project, Kari Lydersen takes another look at the WARN Act — the Federal law that supposed to protect workers like those at the Republic Windows & Doors factory, and that was so central to their case ….
Chicago, January 13, 2009 — Chicago attorney Jorge Sanchez has represented workers in a number of WARN Act cases, so he knows what he’s talking about when he says the Republic Windows workers are lucky they did not have to go into litigation to get the money due them under the federal law, which mandates companies above a certain size give 60 days notice or 60 days severance pay when closing or making mass lay-offs.
It is a complicated and highly technical law with exceptions that can be gray areas, and like most anything winding its way through the courts it can take many months or even years for workers to see a payout if they do win their case. Currently Sanchez, who works for renowned labor lawyer Tom Geoghegan, is representing workers who lost their jobs after Chicago’s Lincoln Park Hospital closed with little advance notice. (As the Chicago Tribune reported in this story.)
He has also represented workers with WARN Act claims at a manufacturer of railroad components, a steel mill, a meatpacking plant and a trucking company (owned by the controversial billionaire whose holdings include the Ambassador Bridge between Detroit and Windsor, Canada –- read more here.)
Sanchez notes that in WARN cases – as with Republic Windows — the company often ends up in bankruptcy. This essentially invalidates WARN Act claims, since even if the workers prove they are due funds, they are at the end of a line of creditors also owed money. Workers’ wages are unsecured, meaning there are no physical assets backing up the money owed them and they will only be paid after banks and other secured creditors get their due.
The WARN Act includes exceptions for unforeseeable business occurrences. This could be cut and dry in the case of something like a tornado or fire that destroys a business. But it is usually much more of a gray area, trying to define when the effects of an economic crisis or failing industry become a “foreseeable” occurrence.
Sanchez litigated a case which more clearly defined the definition of “foreseeable.” A Chicago meatpacking plant was shut down by the U.S. Department of Agriculture for health violations, and did not comply with the WARN Act. The company argued the shutdown was unforeseeable, but Sanchez successfully proved that the government’s ongoing series of complaints and enforcement actions gave the employer plenty of time to foresee the ultimate outcome -– or clean up their act to avoid it. (The case was called Pena vs. American Meat Packing).
However even though the about 100 workers essentially won that case, the meatpacking plant’s owners didn’t have the money to pay them and so the workers ended up shortchanged anyway. Such frustrating outcomes are often the case in WARN Act claims, which by nature originate when a company is in dire financial straits.
Another exception to the law allows the employer to avoid giving notice if it would hurt his business, with lenders or customers fleeing a sinking ship. (This would apply mainly in the case of mass lay-offs, when the business doesn’t actually plan to close). If an employer claims this exception, the workers’ attorney often must prove that the business was already doomed or that customers would have been lost regardless of the WARN notice.
Meanwhile Sanchez noted the WARN Act also offers employers a “Get out of Jail Free” card in the form of a claim they can make that they tried in good faith to comply with the act, and somehow were prevented from doing so. This can be raised very late in the litigation process, after the workers have spent much time and resources on the case. “It’s very subjective, it depends a lot on the judge, so if you get a judge who is unsympathetic to workers there’s a lot of room for them to undo your whole case,” Sanchez said. WARN cases can be heard by a judge or jury; Sanchez always presses for a jury trial assuming regular citizens who are likely also afraid for their jobs will be more understanding than a judge.
When a WARN Act case does go to litigation, much often depends on proving when the company officials knew a closure or mass lay-offs were likely. This can involve an extensive discovery process seeking documents, witnesses and emails.
“Usually there are rumors,” said Sanchez. “That’s one nice thing about human nature! Usually more than a handful of people know if the plant is going to close, and some of them are going to talk about it.”
WARN stands for Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification. Sanchez notes that the original intent was to facilitate retraining of workers, ideally by government agencies who would be alerted by the company of the lay-offs to come. But Sanchez has rarely if ever seen retraining programs triggered by the law.
Meanwhile more and more manufacturing jobs are being done by temporary workers hired through temp agencies. Even if the same workers are on the job for years, they are still considered temporary employees and are not covered by the WARN Act. And the WARN Act does not allow for punitive damages against a violating employer, only compensatory damages. So an employer has little to lose in violating the act –- at worst, they will have to pay 60 days severance pay (and legal costs). For large corporations, this risk is tiny compared to the many cost-benefit calculations they make every day.
All these weaknesses aside, Sanchez still lauds the importance of the act in protecting workers. But he points out that it is only a small salve in the context of collapsing industries and disappearing jobs. The WARN Act was passed in the wake of massive closures of steel mills and factories in the 1980s. Often these plants were closed after mergers and acquisitions, with the new owners liquidating companies which may have still been viable but whose physical assets were worth more than their business value. Now factories are closing or making layoffs right and left not to turn a quick profit but because they are simply economically failing.
“People think of the WARN Act mainly aimed at manufacturing jobs,” said Sanchez. As manufacturing companies close, even if they comply with the act, “People get 60 days pay, usually minus holidays and weekends, and then they’re still out of a job. The problem with those manufacturing jobs being lost is once they’re gone, they don’t come back.”
- Click here for all posts in the series | <urn:uuid:64b88621-adad-4de4-abf8-94739de9b294> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.mhpbooks.com/revolt-on-goose-island-warnings-about-warn/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719041.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00167-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.976494 | 1,406 | 1.882813 | 2 |
Well thank you Josh. Completely false you say.
Not sure why you need a custom build of openvpngui. V 1.03 has a
registry setting in HKLM\SOFTWARE\OPENVPN-GUI which enables changing
passphrase from the gui (allow_password) See
But there's a problem. If you enable and enter a pass phrase (must be
at least 8 digits) then, as expected, you get a dialogue box asking for
the phrase when you connect from the gui. But then, after disconnecting
from the gui, you try to connect by starting ovpn as a service
the process fails. This is because the act of enabling a pass phrase
has actually changed your key file (its header now includes the word
ENCRYTPEDDEK) and starting as a service does not throw up a passphrase
dialogue box. If then, from the gui, you try and change the passphrase,
it will not allow you to enter a blank phrase. In effect you cannot
remove the encryption from your keyfile. Thus you cannot revert to
running ovpn as a service.
The message is. Keep a copy of your working key file if you experiment
with this. You can then simply copy it back to the config directory to
restore the situation to NOT requiring a passphrase, and you can
therefore revert to using ovpn as a service should you so wish.
Interesting, it definitely does work for me, and I'm using
openvpngui build. Pretty much, as soon an you try to
connect a simple
dialog box pops up asking for the passphrase. I use this
on a daily
Does this mean I can
1) start the server side as a service?
2) use openvpn-gui to connect the
client to the server and be prompted
for a password when I try to connect
to the server?
3) the "password" is to access the
certificate on the client, not
a challenge from the server?
Yes, yes, and yes.
1) starting the server side as a service doesn't involve the openvpngui
(which is for the client functionality). I should qualify this statement by
saying that starting as a service happens before anyone logs in, so the
_servers_ key file, if encrypted with a passphrase, may give you problems
since noone interactive is present to provide the passphrase. Personally I
run my server on unix, but if I were to run it on NT I would probably make
the key file readable only to Local System and deny everyone else. And not
2) yes, my openvpngui at least, prompts for the private key passphrase.
Again I do this multiple times per day. I'm pretty sure the stock build
behaves this way. (I did a custom build so I could enable the feature to
change the passphrase from the gui, which is not turned on in the stock
build.) I could send you my openvpn-gui-1.0.3.exe if you think it might
help diagnose your problem.
3) Yes, the password is on the private key (not the cert, but the private
key associated with the cert). It's used to decrypt the private key locally
and is not transmitted in any form, encrypted, hashed or otherwise, to the
This is completely false. If you have an encrypted private key file
you can easily decrypt it by using the following openssl command:
`openssl rsa -in encrypted.key -out unencrypted.key`. Likewise, you
can encrypt an unencrypted key with `openssl rsa -in unencrypted.key
-des3 -out encrypted.key`. Obviously to read an encrypted key you must
provide the passphrase and to encrypt you must choose a passphrase for
the output file.
The problem is that when I use openvpn or openvpngui, I don't
necessarily know the details of the openssl commands. The point I was
making is that if a user simply uses the openvpngui to create a
passphrase for his keys it provides no way to remove it. And note also
I said that "in effect you cannot
remove the encryption from your keyfile." I am sure, and I will check,
that using openssl can do this. But remember that users of openvpngui
are Windows users by definition. They have done no explicit install of
openssl, and do not necessarily have much knowledge of using it. It
would be nice therefore, to tell them to preserve their key before
letting openvpngui encrypt it.
Or maybe you think that only Linux users deserve ovpn....
My point stands. If you use openvpngui to set a passphrase on your key
you cannot use openvpngui to remove it.
So take care, | <urn:uuid:8c3d4ff4-b3f0-4b9f-9eae-086f521a6e98> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://openvpn.net/archive/openvpn-users/2007-06/msg00262.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00002-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.906027 | 1,047 | 1.554688 | 2 |
The Shakespeare Conference: SHK 21.0358 Wednesday, 1 September 2010
Date: Wednesday, September 1, 2010
Subject: Titus Redux
The following appeared in the Los Angeles Times:
Shakespeare's 'Titus Andronicus' returns to battle
By Mike Boehm
Los Angeles Times
August 29, 2010
But in this staging at Kirk Douglas Theatre, the Roman warrior is recast as an
American general who has warred with the Taliban.
What could be more quintessentially convivial than a Greenwich Village bartender
chatting with a regular customer? That's how John Farmanesh-Bocca and Jack
Stehlin came to know each other.
Now, at a remove of 15 years and 3,000 miles, they've reunited to put on a play
that is one of the least convivial dramas ever written: "Titus Andronicus."
With Farmanesh-Bocca as adaptor and director, Stehlin plays the titular Roman
warrior as a traumatized American general back from fighting not the Goths but
the Taliban. William Shakespeare's double-barreled revenge tragedy comes already
stocked with rape, limb-shearings, head-loppings and an unspeakable climactic
culinary triumph. By bringing it all back home, this joint production of
Farmanesh-Bocca's Not Man Apart - Physical Theatre Ensemble and Stehlin's Circus
Theatricals may strike audiences at the Kirk Douglas Theatre as even more
harrowing than the Bard's original.
It's titled "Titus Redux" to signify the extreme liberties taken with the text
and its waking-nightmare staging. Although the bulk of the lines are straight
from Shakespeare, Farmanesh-Bocca, who also plays Titus' nemesis, Aaron, has
invented flashback scenes that return the general to the heat of combat.
[ . . . ]
In the most radical change from Shakespeare's original, in which Tamora begins
as Titus' prisoner of war and quickly becomes the empress of Rome, Farmanesh-
Bocca envisions the two characters as an American husband and wife. "Titus
Redux" becomes the story of a marriage that goes horribly wrong and an attempt
to grapple with what a decade of war in Afghanistan and Iraq is doing not only
to military families but also to America as a whole.
Farmanesh-Bocca, brimming with friendly energy even after a full day's
rehearsal, said he began with the idea that "a country that gets divided, that
has mistrust, begins to devour itself." And in today's fragmented America, it
bothered him that most citizens live as if the nation were not at war. "We've
been asked to disassociate from it and go about our lives and purchase things,
and forget about blood being spilled," said the director, whose older brother is
a military doctor who has served in Iraq. To remedy that, "I'm taking
[audiences] on a journey of madness with Titus. This is essentially a
The show springs from a chance reconnection between Farmanesh-Bocca and Stehlin
at a Westside health club.
[ . . . ]
Stehlin agrees with Farmanesh-Bocca that the show's telescoping of Shakespearean
ancient Rome into troubled 2010 America aims for something bigger than
topicality or political commentary. "I like the abstract connection to the
modern dilemma we're all in. If artists are good for anything, it's to explore
the question of what war is good for."
S H A K S P E R: The Global Shakespeare Discussion List
The S H A K S P E R Web Site <http://www.shaksper.net>
DISCLAIMER: Although SHAKSPER is a moderated discussion list, the opinions
expressed on it are the sole property of the poster, and the editor assumes no
responsibility for them. | <urn:uuid:7a919f26-86b4-4ee4-a337-78e5a55a5f3b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://shaksper.net/archive/2010/291-september/27701-titus-redux | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00303-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.920736 | 856 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Have you ever wondered why certain diets work for some people and others who struggle to lose weight on the same diet? If you are the type of person who tries every diet to either lose weight, maintain your weight, or for other health reasons, then you probably are familiar with the fat protein efficient diet.
The fat protein efficient diet is not ideal for everyone especially if you struggle with a low-carb type diet. This guide will discuss the in’s and out’s of this diet, including the steps to take to follow this diet.
What Is Fat Protein Efficient?
This diet is a metabolic typing diet, that is based on an individual’s metabolism to determine what type and how much food a person should eat for a healthy lifestyle. The concept of the diet is that the macronutrient needs vary from person to person based on their metabolism.
A person that is fat protein efficient is able to digest fats and proteins easier than most people. The type of food that you eat is based on your body’s metabolic type. A person on a fat protein efficient diet should follow eating plans designed for a keto or Atkins diet. Why? Because a person who is fat protein efficient relies on fat and protein for energy.
There are 3 different metabolic types, carbo, protein, and mixed.
Carbo Types- This type should stick with complex carbs with small portions of lean protein and fat.
Protein Types- This type should eat small amounts of complex carbs and more high-protein and fats.
Mixed Types- This metabolic type should eat equal portions of protein, fats, and complex carbs.
The similarity with all 3 types is to limit the number of refined carbs and added sugars that are consumed.
How Does it Work?
The way the fat protein efficient diet works is by eating the foods that are designed for your metabolic type. Keep in mind that if you have underlying health conditions, such as diabetes, you should consult with your doctor before attempting the diet on your own. With this diet, there isn’t a food plan to follow, but a type of food or diet that should be followed based on your metabolic type.
Determine what your individual metabolic type is
To determine what your metabolic type is you need to consider the following factors:
- What types of foods you favor
- The type of appetite that you have
- How certain foods make you feel
Here are a few signs to help you determine your metabolic type:
Fat-protein efficient metabolism– you crave savory foods over sweet foods, you have a large appetite and you are hungry every couple of hours. When you eat carbs you feel irritable, tired, and/or anxious, because you burn through them very quickly.
Carbohydrate efficient metabolism– You struggle with your weight and you learn towards sugary foods. You depend on caffeine and you don’t eat a lot of food because your body burns through food slowly.
Mixed metabolism– You process fats, carbs, and proteins equally and too much of any of the food will make you tired. You crave both savory and sweet foods and you are an average eater.
Follow the appropriate eating ratio for your type
Once you have determined your metabolic type, you need to understand what portion ratio works best for you. Here is the ideal ratio based on your metabolic type:
Fat protein efficient- 60% fats, 30% protein, and 10% carbs
Carbohydrate efficient- 10% fats, 20% protein, and 70% carbs
Mixed metabolism- 30% fat, 30% protein, 40% carbs
Understand how to adjust foods based on body changes
As you get older, your metabolism will change. Therefore you should adjust the portion ratios based on these changes.
Determine how many calories you should intake
Most experts agree that even on a fat protein efficient diet, you need to look at the number of calories that you consume daily. There are apps that will help you determine the number of calories that you should intake based on your height, weight, gender, age, and how active you are.
When you are fat protein efficient, you want to limit the carbs and refined sugars that your body consumes, but at the same time, you should make sure that you lead an active lifestyle. | <urn:uuid:dca3326c-5c39-4d1a-9388-b90efc619296> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fatproteinefficientdiet.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00065.warc.gz | en | 0.946629 | 889 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Medicine measure for one teaspoonful, England, 1877-1920
W Proctor and Son, chemists, introduced this type of medicine measure (in the foreground on the right) equivalent to one teaspoonful in 1877. Household cutlery varied widely in shape and size so it was better to use a device like this to measure medicine. The four measures (all invented by Proctor and Son) could have been found in medicine chests of the day. It is shown here with similar medicine measures (A608448, A626204, A626208, A626210).
Related Themes and Topics
There are 823 related objects. View all related objects
Glossary: medicine chest
Small chests fitted for bottles and intended to hold medical supplies; of a type made in the 18th and early 19th centuries.
Glossary: medicine measure | <urn:uuid:b72f1245-7733-40c9-87cc-c9626bcf83c0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/broughttolife/objects/display?id=4950 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00272-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.93885 | 178 | 3.234375 | 3 |
Emotional, behavioral, and developmental problems and disorders are common in children and adolescents, and at some point most families face difficulties such as physical illnesses that can prove especially troubling for children and adolescents. The University of Michigan C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital offers a wide range of Behavioral and Mental Health services to address the needs of children, adolescents, young adults and their families. Michigan Medicine comprises professionals from many areas, such as child and adolescent psychiatry, developmental behavioral pediatrics, adolescent medicine, pediatric psychology, nursing, child life and social work. We work together to determine the best treatment options for your child.
Behavioral and mental health services for children and adolescents are available through several programs at the University of Michigan C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital. Depending upon the specific issue, evaluation and treatment care can be delivered by one or more specialists. The information below provides guidance in identifying the most appropriate health care provider for your child, teen, or young adult.
Department of Psychiatry
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Section
Our staff consist of child psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and nurses who work together to provide comprehensive evaluation and ongoing medical and psychosocial treatment of psychiatric illnesses, as well as behavioral and emotional difficulties, with psychotherapy and/or psychiatric medications. These issues include, but are not limited to, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder; pervasive developmental disorders; mood, anxiety, and psychotic disorders; parent-child relational issues; and substance-related mood or behavioral disorders.
Treatment may occur in a variet of outpatient settings, including subspecialty clinics, such as:
- Multidisciplinary Autism Clinic (including neuropsychology, speech and language, ADOS/ADI, and a clinical evaluation)
- ADHD Clinic (including neuropsychology and a clinical evaluation)
- Treatment-Resistant Depression Clinic
- Pediatric Anxiety and Tic Disorders Clinic
- Parent-Child Relational Clinic
- Parent Behavior Management Clinic
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Clinic
- Interpersonal Therapy Clinic
- University of Michigan Addiction Treatment Services
- Child and Adolescent Inpatient Psychiatric Unit
- Inpatient-Based Consultation and Liaison Services
For more information on Pediatric Psychiatry, visit http://www.psych.med.umich.edu/care/child/
Department of Pediatrics & Communicable Diseases
Division of Child Behavioral Health
The Division of Child Behavioral Health is dedicated to the development and implementation of evidence-based treatment through our research, training, and use of the best available practices to care for children, adolescents and their families.
This program provides behavioral and mental health services delivered by the following specialists:
- Adolescent Medicine – Adolescent medicine specialists focus on the health care of patients from pre-teens to young adults. Comprehensive multidisciplinary treatment for patients with eating disorders is an area of special expertise as is the evaluation and management of adolescent school difficulties and ADHD. Our Adolescent Medicine specialists also provide evaluation and treatment for problems of growth and development, care for depression, anxiety disorders, and other emotional difficulties, issues related to chronic illness, and evaluation and management of substance abuse. These specialists are also skilled in managing the reproductive health concerns of adolescents including, menstrual problems, issues related to sexuality, screening for sexually transmitted infections, and birth control.
- Comprehensive Multidisciplinary Eating Disorders Program – Treatment for children, adolescents, and young adults with eating disorders is offered by a multidisciplinary team in our nationally recognized program. Comprehensive services for patients 8-30 years old are offered, in a range of treatment settings to meet individual patient needs. In addition to treatment for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, we offer treatment for patients with selective eating, food avoidance, and other non-traditional disorders of eating.
- Developmental -Behavioral Pediatrics – Developmental-behavioral pediatricians evaluate children and adolescents with concerns that may involve both medical and behavioral features such as developmental problems, school problems, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bedwetting, constipation, sleep problems and parent-child challenges.
- Pediatric Psychology – Pediatric psychologists have specialized training to provide behavioral assessment, treatment and prevention to children and adolescents with acute and chronic health conditions. Our psychologists are members of pediatric subspecialty clinics and teams, including sleep, weight management, constipation, solid organ transplant, diabetes, cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease, and disorders of sex development.
Pediatric psychologists also provide service to children, adolescents and their families needing help with:
- Improving adherence to medical regimens, including medications, nutrition, exercise and other treatments
- Coping and adjustment to medical diagnosis, including difficulty with pill swallowing, procedural anxiety, and school avoidance/re-entry
- Learning and maintaining behaviors that lead to improved health outcomes, such as stress management
- Biofeedback and relaxation therapy for pain conditions and anxiety disorders related to medical conditions
- Behavioral treatment for childhood feeding problems, including picky eating
- Self-management skills and preparation for the transition from pediatric to adult-centered medical care.
- Evaluation and treatment of depression, anxiety or behavioral disorders in children and adolescents with acute and chronic medical conditions
- Developmental assessment of young children
For more information on Child Behavioral Health, visit: http://www.med.umich.edu/pediatrics/division/behav/ | <urn:uuid:0a21b6e1-bceb-4982-b4bc-0d7971e5531d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.uofmhealth.org/conditions-treatments/ped-child-behavioral-health | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00386-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.914873 | 1,103 | 2.421875 | 2 |
after Wanda Coleman
JuneSoon we die in March, April, May
JuneMother may I? Yes you may.
JuneMother, your back is turned. Ah, there’s your face.
JuneWe march. Everyone is a world to someone.
JuneIf another person uses “knee on the neck” as
a metaphor I will scream.
JuneI teach myself how to run. Run. Walk. Run.
JuneI pay quarterly taxes to the government of
the United States of America.
JuneTwo friends miscarry. L’s father succumbs to
pancreatic cancer. J’s mom is killed in a car
JuneI turn off the news because I can turn the
JuneI name the world. I name the time and its
JuneA neighbor loses his wife and daughter in
one week. I remember standing across from
the daughter. I can see her face. Years from
now, on an astonished
Juneday, her son will confuse memory for
JuneThe first snow.
JuneA world becomes a repetition, a cry.
JuneThis is your July freedom. This is your
JuneMy mouth is lion wide. I reread
JuneJordan: “My name is my own my own my
own.” Lucille Clifton: “and the land is in
ruins, / no magic, no anything.” Gwendolyn
Brooks: “We are lost, must / Wizard a track
through our own screaming weed.”
JuneWe jazz. We
JuneI bite my fist.
JuneI cast my pathetic, triumphant ballot.
JuneShucking corn, I find a worm.
JuneI look over my shoulder when I run. Walk.
JuneI pay quarterly taxes to the government
of the United States of—If another
person says “a few bad apples” I’ll—
Aaaaaaaaahhhhhhh—my mouth is roaring
with a human head.
JuneClifton: “the question for you is / what have
you ever traveled toward / more than your
JuneI sing insufficiently.
JuneA word becomes incantation.
JuneOne of many graces.
June I haven’t ever cried. | <urn:uuid:30c4a53b-83b6-4e00-95c8-c95c3709d60f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thenation.com/article/culture/another-name-for-america-is-time/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.93947 | 564 | 1.804688 | 2 |
"I studied geography at GCSE, A Level and through to BA Geography at Plymouth
Business Development Manager, Certitude
At university I ended up focusing on the social aspects of geography, especially socio-economics and urban demographics which have helped in my current job. I’ve always loved travelling and after a year working abroad I settled in London and started this position in January 2014.
What does your role entail?
Certitude is a charity that supports people with mental health problems and learning disabilities across London. I work closely with caregivers and our frontline staff to write concise, effective proposals for new contracts and funding opportunities to further our work as a social care charity. These applications form the bulk of my work and to ensure the quality of these I regularly meet the people we support to explore how they experience our care, finding out what they like or don’t like about our services so we can improve. I also volunteer with my charity, taking our service users cycling twice a month and organising social events. Helping people is really important to me and it’s really satisfying when work that I’ve done has a positive impact on the lives of others.
How does geography help you in your everyday work?
Geography teaches you so many skills that are relevant in the professional workplace. Analytical research, report writing, understanding connections – geography provides a great opportunity to learn these. For me, understanding and creating connections between varying pieces of information is really important. For example, how does the care the person receives in a care home in East London relate to a football course for young people with learning disabilities in central London? I have to be able to create links and discuss them effectively as this is a core attribute of geography.
Advice to someone thinking of taking geography further
The great thing about geography is its diversity. The skills you gain from a geography degree are transferrable to just about any role you can imagine. Regardless of whether you enjoy humanities, ‘hard’ sciences or more theoretical subjects, geography will have something for you.
Other geographers working in this sector include:
Advanced Skills Teacher
Chief Executive, Lake District National Park
Fundraising Officer, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
Her Majesty’s Prison Service
Livelihoods Project Officer, Save the Children
New Business Officer, Macmillan Cancer Support
UN Strategy Branch, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
Women’s Outreach Worker, Together Women Project | <urn:uuid:718ff60f-f337-42fd-8416-692231f1f344> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.rgs.org/OurWork/Schools/Careers+and+Further+Study/Careers+with+geography/Society.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719027.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00303-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948815 | 507 | 1.515625 | 2 |
The rumors around Washington, DC say that President Barack Obama could overturn George W. Bush's 2001 federal funding ban on embryonic stem cell research using lines that were derived after August 9 of that year as soon as next week. linkurl:Rick Weiss,;http://www.americanprogress.org/experts/WeissRick.html senior fellow at liberal think tank the Center for American Progress, wrote in an email to __The Scientist__ that, while he has no inside information, there is "a lot of buzz in the advocacy community" regarding a lifting of the ban. Weiss continued that the specifics of Obama's imminent announcement are unclear, but that "scientists are going to be happy." linkurl:__Scientific American__;http://www.sciam.com/blog/60-second-science/post.cfm?id=do-parents-of-embryonic-stem-cell-l-2009-01-28 quoted Harold Varmus, a key science adviser to Obama speaking at a meeting of the New York Stem Cell Foundation this week, saying that there is "reason to believe that there will be some executive order in the near future to reverse the Bush doctrine." Obama...
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Receive full access to more than 35 years of archives, as well as TS Digest, digital editions of The Scientist, feature stories, and much more! | <urn:uuid:4c813a36-0b58-4d45-805a-b6f82811f7bf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.the-scientist.com/the-nutshell/bushs-stem-cell-ban-to-end-44422 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.955254 | 293 | 1.703125 | 2 |
By Deborah Miller, Synthesis Talent Acquisition Specialist
The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) is undeniably changing the way careers are initiated, fostered and sculpted, specifically the way we as workforce specialists should be viewing applicants hoping to join our technological teams and the thought disruption required in hiring in technology.
Wikipedia defines the Fourth Industrial Revolution as “the ongoing automation of traditional manufacturing and industrial practices, using modern smart technology, in addition to large-scale machine-to-machine communication and the internet of things, which are integrated for increased automation, improved communication and self-monitoring, and the production of smart machines that can analyse and diagnose issues without the need for human intervention”.
Prior to the onset of the 4IR, the youth were encouraged to follow a relatively linear academic trajectory where formal tertiary education was encouraged, sometimes somewhat forcibly, by a prior generation. This generation believed that only on the successful completion of a formal qualification would one be considered for the profession of choice. A formal degree equated to long-term prosperity and the two were not mutually exclusive.
Are we witnessing an outdated paradigm being disrupted and challenged, mostly due to available online academic platforms?
Much like the ever diminishing “on-prem” server, the world has begun opposing the ideology that a qualification equates to competence. In stark contrast rather, modernisation dictates that organisations appoint personnel who present with the requisite skills, irrespective of the degrees (or lack thereof) under an applicants’ proverbial belt. Synthesis Software Technologies perpetually disrupts the status quo, not only in the technology we embrace, align with, and implement, but additionally when selecting new members for our team. The results of which translate to our most pioneering and forward-thinking members who present without the once non-negotiable certifications.
Naturally, we respectfully acknowledge, encourage and celebrate academic accolades. We remain open-minded in our true entrepreneurial spirit, in which we see potential employees, holistically, and the passion that has driven them to spend countless hours upskilling in your own capacity. We at Synthesis adhere wholeheartedly to a ‘ladder-less’, non-hierarchical view where a completed degree is certainly testament to determination and tenacity but is by no means, the only measure of competency and or/ persistence. We place great emphasis on reviewing past performance in the form of websites built, applications developed, and certifications obtained via online academic portals such as Pluralsight, Udemy and AWS, to name a few.
Previously, it was common practice to promote and remunerate an individual based on the years they had spent steadily climbing a static corporate ladder. This same archaic paradigm doesn’t fairly accommodate for the intellectually gifted aspirant technologist who has dedicated months reverse engineering the most complex of code outside of the confines of a lecture hall. As active participants in the 4IR, and as technological enablers, Synthesis has adopted a significant shift in paradigm to successfully align with the innovation that technology presents, which means that jobs should be awarded to those most likely to create impactful and intelligent solutions, despite their individual circumstances which may or may not have afforded them the opportunity to formally graduate with distinction.
While my aim is not to trivialise or downplay the importance of a formal qualification, nor to imply that there aren’t undisputedly numerous professions which necessitate the completion of same, (I, for one, would feel somewhat uneased at the thought of consulting with a self-taught surgeon), I am excited by the recent years which have witnessed a surge of brilliant self-taught engineers, and the like, who have fully utilised the wealth of accessible information at their code constructing fingertips. These candidates who have upskilled and mastered their craft on their own accord, should be viewed with the same esteem when compared to their counterparts who present with a similar skillset and a supplementary degree resulting in a more level playing field, metaphorically speaking.
At Synthesis, we continue to encourage all those intrigued by tech to persist on their self-guided journey into the realm of innovation. We recognise you, we salute you and we hope to welcome you through our front door, where we are united by our own individual diversity and love for everything ‘bleeding edge’ – technical expertise is welcome in our ‘ladder-less’ community, and coffee is always on the house, irrespective of the pieces of paper you may or may not possess. | <urn:uuid:10af3b63-e375-4d4f-ba62-ca2c211eebe8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.synthesis.co.za/tech-without-tertiary-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572192.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815145459-20220815175459-00067.warc.gz | en | 0.950119 | 916 | 1.5 | 2 |
Cited Taxa3 taxa cited in:
Verrill, A.E. 1885. Third catalogue of mollusca, recently added to the fauna of the New England Coast and the adjacent parts of the Atlantic, consisting mostly of deep-sea species, with notes on others previously recorded. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Sciences, 6:395-452.
Click on a species name to view details, or select up to five species to plot on the map. | <urn:uuid:dec8ce36-c647-4424-ba6f-b29a8a1453e7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://invertebrates.si.edu/ANTIZ/taxon_view.cfm?mode=bibliography&citation=1522 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00216-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.910804 | 100 | 1.796875 | 2 |
The Chinese version of the phrase “to call black white” is “to call a horse a deer” and it has political connotations. It comes from the legend of an emperor who tested the loyalty of his ministers by pointing to his horse and calling it a deer. If the minister corrected his master, he was obviously unreliable and had to be disposed of.
The world overnight welcomed the latest agreement to cease fire in Syria. Well, if this is a ceasefire deal, a horse is a deer. Even by the topsy-turvy diplomatic and military standards set by the war in the Syria, this “ceasefire” is Alice through the looking glass.
The ceasefire terms last night were agreed by a range of international powers that did not include any Syrians. That in itself might give us pause for thought. Then the one thing that none of those involved, in welcoming the deal they had struck, made clear was that it doesn’t apply to any of them. All the foreign actors currently participating in the war can carry on bombing away at will.
This is because, under the terms of a United Nations resolution passed by the security council last month which governs all these conversations, terrorist groups are excluded from any ceasefire. There is no obligation to stop fighting the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, the local al-Qaeda faction Jabhat al-Nusra, or other UN-designated terrorist groups.
On the face of it, this is reasonable enough - like most UN resolutions. We all want to get rid of these terrorists. But since all foreign intervention in Syria has been carried out under the pretext of fighting terrorism, all the international actors can therefore carry on bombing as before.
The United States says it is bombing Isil - with a few bombs reserved for a particular subset of al-Qaeda operating in non-Isil parts of Syria it regards as a threat to the West. Russia says it is bombing both Isil, al-Qaeda and other terrorists: but even if we take that at face value, it is an unfortunate fact that the al-Qaeda brigades it is targeting are in exactly the same parts of Syria as the non-terrorist “rebels” whose forces are being hammered by the regime.
Neither Russia nor the United States - or the other participants, including Britain - have given any indication they will halt air raids. Have you heard the Defence Secretary, Michael Fallon, announce a suspension of that air campaign the House of Commons voted for in December? I thought not.
On the ground, Iran, the other major international player, also says it is “targeting terrorists”. It has Revolutionary Guard troops and a number of local and imported militias fighting for the Assad regime under its command in Syria. They are also fighting in areas where there happen to be Jabhat al-Nusra militants, as well as rebels, so there is no onus on them to cease fire either.
The regime, obviously, has all along said it is fighting terrorists and, as above, where it has major fronts against the “moderate rebels”, there are also Jabhat al-Nusra factions, sometimes fighting alongside them.
Isil and Jabhat al-Nusra are also specifically excluded from the terms of the ceasefire. It’s not that we want them to carry on fighting, but even the most hawkish negotiator would acknowledge the right of an enemy to carry on fighting if he has been excluded from the opportunity to make peace. (Not that they want to be included).
There are some groups, allied to Jabhat al-Nusra, whose status under this deal remains disputed, like the Islamist faction Ahrar al-Sham. So that leaves just one faction that everyone agrees is going to be obliged actually to cease fire under the terms of this deal: the “moderate rebels”. This means - and this is where it becomes truly surreal - that on the ground the only factions that have not been accused of carrying out mass war crimes on civilian populations in this conflict are the only factions that are now obliged to lay down their weapons.
At a practical level, this means that all the fronts fighting the regime and its allies in Syria will be taken over by Isil, al-Qaeda and their associated sub-groups. This is not, presumably, a desired outcome of western policy for the Middle East.
It is, however, a natural outcome of a particular aspect of American foreign policy. John Kerry, backed by President Obama, has pursued in the Middle East a pragmatic approach, that of “working with people who we can work with”. Mr Obama believes that you cannot force monsters to behave well; rather, you negotiate with people who are prepared to negotiate with you, and ignore everyone else in the hope that they will ultimately start to observe the international norms you are setting for them. It was this definition of moral leadership for which Mr Obama won his Nobel Peace Prize.
This was seen most clearly in the Iran deal. Mr Kerry was happy to work with the government led by Hassan Rouhani, the president, and teams of nuclear specialist negotiators. They are reasonable people and, what’s more, many had been educated in the West, and spoke America’s language, literally and metaphorically. The US, however, does not deal with other elements of the Iranian regime, such as the Revolutionary Guard, several of whose leaders the US has designated as terrorists and who are the people arming their followers with “Death to America” flags. This meant, for example, that the Iran deal could not be extended to issues like Syria, which is a diplomatic brief handled by the Revolutionary Guard.
The ceasefire deal is the end result of this. Its terms apply to the people Mr Kerry can “work with” - the internationally recognised opposition, and armed factions loyal to it. But the people America cannot work with - and America itself - can just carry on killing.
And carry on killing they will. This is not a ceasefire, it’s a deer. | <urn:uuid:e3556380-b143-44e5-9823-3dbb0356b42e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/syria/12153919/A-ceasefire-war-criminals-dont-have-to-observe.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00199-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975222 | 1,235 | 1.742188 | 2 |
The number of patients a hospital treats for a condition or procedure and the severity of a patient's illness when they check into a hospital are two factors that can affect a hospital's quality rating.
Some evidence suggests that the quality of care for patients with certain conditions or procedures is related to the number of patients treated at that hospital for those conditions or procedures, especially if the procedure is risky or extremely difficult.
Severity of illness
The severity of a patient's illness is also a key factor in measuring the quality of care at a hospital. A standard measure to compare patients' severity of illness between hospitals is called the Case Mix Index (CMI). Hospitals with a high CMI treat a greater number of severely ill patients, which impacts overall clinical outcomes. | <urn:uuid:4e85988d-84b1-43cd-b9bb-b66ead1ad778> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://stanfordhealthcarequality.com/about-quality.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.937613 | 158 | 2.609375 | 3 |
✔️Prefer a larger cannula: A plait of the diameter of the cannula increases the proceed rate of most fluids by a substitute of 16.
✔️In protect of Whole blood, red cells, plasma and cryoprecipitate
>Use a renovated, sterile blood administration set containing each integral 170–200 micron filter
>Change the rest at least 12-hourly during courage component infusion
>In a highly warm climate, change the set other thing frequently and usually after every four units of progeny, if given within a 12-hour period
✔In case of Platelet concentrates
>Use a novel blood administration set or platelet transfusion set, primed with saline.
>There is ~t any evidence that warming blood is beneficial to the lenient when infusion is slow.
>At infusion rates greater than 100 ml/jot down, cold blood may be a contributing constitutive element in cardiac arrest. However, keeping the persevering warm is probably more important than warming the infused fiery fellow.
>Warmed blood is most commonly required in:
Large book rapid transfusions:
-Adults: greater than 50 ml/kg/twenty-fourth part of a day -Children: greater than 15 ml/kg/hour
Exchange transfusion in infants
Patients through clinically significant cold agglutinins.
>Blood SHOULD ONLY BE WARMED in a hot spark warmer. Blood warmers should have a conspicuous thermometer and an audible warning fright and should be properly maintained.
>Blood should at no time be warmed in a bowl of fiery water as this could lead to haemolysis of the red cells which could be life-threatening.
✔️Severe reactions most commonly present during the first 15 minutes of a transfusion. All patients and, in particular, unconscious patients should be monitored during this bound and for the first 15 minutes of every one subsequent unit.
✔️The transferrence of each unit of the royal lineage or blood component should be completed in the reach four hours of the pack being punctured. If a unit is not completed in the inside of four hours, discontinue its use and settle of the remainder through the clinical superfluous system.
Reading these testimonials is commonly a great way of evaluating grant that the product fits your needs. | <urn:uuid:c70f0cea-c3c9-47b5-93ec-f8bbdbdf2315> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.findallpills.com/2015/12/the-right-way-of-administering-blood-products-%EF%92%A7%EF%92%A7%EF%92%A7%EF%92%A7%EF%92%A7-2.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00506-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.889576 | 482 | 2.234375 | 2 |
Technique developed by researchers could have applications in visual displays, solar cells and photodetectors
Two University of California, Riverside assistant professors of physics are among a team of researchers that have developed a new way of seeing electrons cool off in an extremely short time period.
The development could have applications in numerous places where heat management is important, including visual displays, next-generation solar cells and photodetectors for optical communications.
In visual displays, such as those used in cell phones and computer monitors, and photodetectors, which have a wide variety of applications including solar energy harvesting and fiber optic telecommunications, much of the energy of the electrons is wasted by heating the material. Controlling the flow of heat in the electrons, rather than wasting this energy by heating the material, could potentially increase the efficiency of such devices by converting excess energy into useful power.
The research is outlined in a paper, "Tuning ultrafast electron thermalization pathways in a van der Waals heterostructure," published online Monday (Jan. 18) in the journal Nature Physics. Nathan Gabor and Joshua C.H. Lui, assistant professors of physics at UC Riverside, are among the co-authors.
In electronic materials, such as those used in semiconductors, electrons can be rapidly heated by pulses of light. The time it takes for electrons to cool each other off is extremely short, typically less than 1 trillionth of a second.
To understand this behavior, researchers use highly specialized tools that utilize ultra-fast laser techniques. In the two-dimensional material graphene cooling excited electrons occurs even faster, taking only 30 quadrillionths of a second. Previous studies struggled to capture this remarkably fast behavior.
To solve that, the researchers used a completely different approach. They combined single layers of graphene with thin layers of insulating boron nitride to form a sandwich structure, known as a van der Waals heterostructure, which gives electrons two paths to choose from when cooling begins. Either the electrons stay in graphene and cool by bouncing off one another, or they get sucked out of graphene and move through the surrounding layer.
By tuning standard experimental knobs, such as voltage and optical pulse energy, the researchers found they can precisely control where the electrons travel and how long they take to cool off. The work provides new ways of seeing electrons cool off at extremely short time scales, and demonstrates novel devices for nanoscale optoelectronics.
This structure is one of the first in a new class of devices that are synthesized by mechanically stacking atomically thin membranes. By carefully choosing the materials that make up the device, the researchers developed a new type of optoelectronic photodetector that is only 10 nanometers thick. Such devices address the technological drive for ultra-dense, low-power, and ultra-efficient devices for integrated circuits.
The research follows advances made in 2011 Science article, in which the research team discovered the fundamental importance of hot electrons in the optoelectronic response of devices based on graphene.
Other co-authors of the Nature Physics paper are: Qiong Ma, Trond I. Andersen, Nityan L. Nair, Andrea F. Young, Wenjing Fang, Jing Kong, Nuh Gedik and Pablo Jarillo-Herrero, all of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Mathieu Massicotte and Frank H. L. Koppens, both of The Institute of Photonic Sciences in Spain; and Kenji Watanabe and Takashi Taniguchi, both of the National Institute for Materials Science in Japan.
Sean Nealon | EurekAlert!
Light-driven atomic rotations excite magnetic waves
24.10.2016 | Max-Planck-Institut für Struktur und Dynamik der Materie
Move over, lasers: Scientists can now create holograms from neutrons, too
21.10.2016 | National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
Terahertz excitation of selected crystal vibrations leads to an effective magnetic field that drives coherent spin motion
Controlling functional properties by light is one of the grand goals in modern condensed matter physics and materials science. A new study now demonstrates how...
Researchers from the Institute for Quantum Computing (IQC) at the University of Waterloo led the development of a new extensible wiring technique capable of controlling superconducting quantum bits, representing a significant step towards to the realization of a scalable quantum computer.
"The quantum socket is a wiring method that uses three-dimensional wires based on spring-loaded pins to address individual qubits," said Jeremy Béjanin, a PhD...
In a paper in Scientific Reports, a research team at Worcester Polytechnic Institute describes a novel light-activated phenomenon that could become the basis for applications as diverse as microscopic robotic grippers and more efficient solar cells.
A research team at Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) has developed a revolutionary, light-activated semiconductor nanocomposite material that can be used...
By forcefully embedding two silicon atoms in a diamond matrix, Sandia researchers have demonstrated for the first time on a single chip all the components needed to create a quantum bridge to link quantum computers together.
"People have already built small quantum computers," says Sandia researcher Ryan Camacho. "Maybe the first useful one won't be a single giant quantum computer...
COMPAMED has become the leading international marketplace for suppliers of medical manufacturing. The trade fair, which takes place every November and is co-located to MEDICA in Dusseldorf, has been steadily growing over the past years and shows that medical technology remains a rapidly growing market.
In 2016, the joint pavilion by the IVAM Microtechnology Network, the Product Market “High-tech for Medical Devices”, will be located in Hall 8a again and will...
14.10.2016 | Event News
14.10.2016 | Event News
12.10.2016 | Event News
24.10.2016 | Earth Sciences
24.10.2016 | Life Sciences
24.10.2016 | Physics and Astronomy | <urn:uuid:1e76e97b-1dd4-4325-bddd-36e083969d33> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.innovations-report.com/html/reports/physics-astronomy/watching-electrons-cool-in-30-quadrillionths-of-a-second.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720000.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00025-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.901931 | 1,267 | 3.640625 | 4 |
Although primary pulmonary neoplasms are rare findings in dogs and cats, the reported incidence may be increasing.1-6 This potential rise may reflect multiple factors, including increased exposure to environmental carcinogens, the availability of more sensitive diagnostic tools, a greater number of necropsies being performed, and improved animal healthcare services resulting in the increased longevity of companion animals.1,2,4,7
Through the growing appreciation for the human-animal bond, many pet owners now support the practice of preventive or early-detection medicine in companion animals for several disease processes, including cancer. The benefit of annual senior pet examinations, which include survey thoracic radiographs, may allow for the early diagnosis of lung cancer in asymptomatic animals. Although the prognosis is generally better for patients with small, well-differentiated, peripherally located lung tumors,2,3,8 additional prognostic factors should be considered for predicting survival outcomes in dogs and cats with pulmonary neoplasms.
Illustration by Bonnie Hofkin
Pneumonectomy remains the cornerstone of therapy for primary lung tumors, but novel adjunctive therapies (e.g. combination chemotherapy) are being developed and evaluated for improving local disease control. In addition to advances in detecting and treating primary lung tumor growth, new systemic therapies have been investigated for prolonging the disease-free interval, as well as palliating secondary bony metastasis.9-11
The goal of this article is to describe the common histologic variants, clinical signs, biologic behavior, and newest options for early diagnosis and effective treatment of primary lung tumors in dogs and cats.
PREDILECTION AND INCIDENCE
Primary lung tumors represent about 1% of newly diagnosed tumors in dogs and cats, although the overall incidence is much lower in cats (Table 1).4,6,7,12-14 Some studies suggest that these tumors may be more common. In a life span study in a closed beagle colony, the incidence of primary lung tumors correlated with increasing age.15 For all beagles, an overall incidence of primary lung tumor formation was 8.8%; the incidence reached as high as 25% in geriatric dogs at necropsy.15 The factors that may have contributed to the high incidence of primary lung tumors in this beagle colony were not identified but may have included genetic, dietary, and unique environmental factors specific to the closed colony.
Table 1: Comparison of Lung Cancer in People, Dogs, and Cats
Primary lung tumors occur most commonly in larger, older animals, with a mean age of 10 or 11 and 12 years in dogs and cats, respectively.2,4,5,8,12-14,16 Although no definitive breed or sex predilection has been identified, boxers represented 37% of all lung tumor patients in one study,12 and in a feline investigation, older females were more often affected than males.10,14
Similar to people in which chemical carcinogenesis plays a prominent role in the genesis of primary lung tumors, a causal link is suspected to exist between smoking households and primary lung tumors in dogs, especially in mesocephalic and brachycephalic breeds.17 Moreover, dogs living in urban environments more commonly have lung tumors than do dogs in rural settings.4 This apparent environmental effect could reflect the greater pollutants within an urban environment or may simply be due to the greater population density of animals receiving routine veterinary care.
In dogs, the right caudal lung lobe is the most common anatomical location of primary pulmonary neoplasia.5,6,8,10,13,16,18 This observed anatomical preference is thought to be a result of greater lung tissue mass, thereby increasing the likelihood for spontaneous mutations within the right caudal lung fields.12 In cats, the caudal lobes are also more commonly affected, but they tend to have an equal occurrence in the right and left lung fields.14 | <urn:uuid:97989f11-d766-48e1-9e90-401b62dc5800> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://veterinarymedicine.dvm360.com/update-diagnosing-and-treating-primary-lung-tumors | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00007-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940267 | 799 | 2.78125 | 3 |
Technology is amazing. Each year, we get so many new things that could change our lives in a heartbeat. Now, prepare for the future of long-distance relationships and for a device that might prove to be a game-changer.
Kissenger: The Future of Long-Distance Relationships
If you are in a long-distance relationship, there are some things you need to know. Technology and AI have improved a lot in the past couple of decades, and not being able to see your significant other is a lot more bearable today. We all have smartphones, and calling them is just a click away. Furthermore, you can also talk to them using video call services, and it can make things a lot easier.
However, what if we told you that you could take it a step further? Emma Yann Zhang designed a first-ever device that can transmit realistic kiss sensations in real-time. The only thing you need is a smartphone.
Emma explained that her device can help people overcome problems that are common for long-distance relationships, like the lack of intimacy. The Kissenger, as she named it, can help couples have effective communication with deep emotions and intimacy.
The device offers a sensor that can react and send a sensation anywhere in the world. It is an excellent way to upgrade the video chat even further since you will be able to “feel” your partner kiss you back.
Needless to say, the app is not reserved for lovers only, and you can join the community and find family members and friends if they have an account. You can send a kiss to anyone who owns a device, and they will be able to send one back to you. It is worth mentioning that the sensor can only send kisses, and it records the pressure so the other party can feel the force on their lips. This means that it can’t be used for weird things and that it doesn’t support the tongue.
What This Robotic Kissing Device Offers
So how does it work? What do you get from the Kissenger device? The idea behind the device is simple. All you need to have is a mobile phone. Currently, the device supports only iOS, and you can download the app from the Apple store.
The prototype that Emma Yann Zhang designed uses a headphone jack, and all you need to do is plug it in for the device to start working. There is also a slot that will allow you to place your phone so that you can use it more easily. Now, the main problem here is that newer versions of the iPhone don’t have a headphone jack. This means that there should be some improvements in the future.
Once you start talking to your loved one, you can kiss a silicone pad. It will record the sensitivity and pressure and send it to the person you’re kissing. They can put their lips on the silicone pad on their own Kissenger and feel your kiss.
This is obviously a two-way device, which means that both you and your friend/partner/family member need to own a device. The idea behind it is cute, but the question remains whether it can compare to a real kiss.
Amazing and Creepy at the Same Time
The idea behind the prototype is amazing. It might sound like a dream come true for long-distance lovers. There is no doubt that it is a great technological improvement and innovation, and it’s hard not to be amazed by the idea behind it.
However, it is a bit creepy thinking that you will be kissing an oblong silicone pad. We don’t doubt the noble and honest idea behind it, but it’s raising so many questions. Since this is a prototype, we can expect the future versions to be even more advanced.
Emma Yann Zhang already has a couple of ideas up her sleeve. The first one is to add more sensors and a larger pad so the sensation is more accurate. Adding someone’s scent is another thing she’s considering, but that’s not all. Her main idea is to build a full-size kissing robot that would act as an intermediary between two lovers. For some, this might seem like a step too far.
Imagine kissing a robot that smells like your significant other and that seems to be enjoying the situation a bit too much. It sounds a bit creepy, doesn’t it?
Will This Quench Your Thirst for a Real Kiss?
The final question is whether this will help at all? Will it quench your thirst for a real kiss? Will you feel like your partner is by your side and not thousands of miles away? The answer is — who knows. Technology has improved so much in the past fifty years, and what seemed impossible not so long ago is perfectly normal now. Just imagine how freaked out someone from the fifties would be if they saw us walking around with our smartphones, playing video games, watching TV, and so on.
See the medical benefits of kissing.
Maybe someone will like the idea so much that it will evolve past the prototype phase into something incredible. With enough resources, it might become everything we’re hoping it to be and so much more. People always claim that robots are the future, but no one has dreamed that we might experience robotic love. | <urn:uuid:aff8e707-d444-4a69-98e4-408861380233> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wowweetechshop.com/long-distance-relationships-worry-no-more-here-comes-the-robotic-kiss-transmitter/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573667.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819100644-20220819130644-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.965606 | 1,098 | 1.65625 | 2 |
ZeroPi is a development board designed for motor (including stepper) and servo intensive applications such as 3D printer controllers, CNC machine control and robotics. The board itself uses an Atmel SAMD21J18, 32-bit ARM Cortex M0+ as the main processor, compatible with the SAMD21G18 processor in the Arduino Zero board but with more I/Os. The board also plugs into a Raspberry Pi and has M4 holes compatible with the Makeblock aluminum mechanical parts to support open-source hardware and robotic projects.
Key features of the ZeroPi:
• Operating voltage: 3.3 V
• General purpose I/O pins: 35
• UART: 2
• Analog input pins: 4, 12-bit ADC channels
• Analog output pins: 1, 10-bit DAC (A0)
• External interrupts (any pin except pin 4)
• DC current per I/O pin: 7 mA
• Flash: 256 KB
• SRAM: 32 KB
• Clock speed: 48 MHz
• Board dimensions 73 x 61 mm
ZeroPi can be programmed from the Arduino IDE and example codes are provided for specific functions such as encoder readout and temperature monitoring.
By connecting ZeroPi to Raspberry Pi’s RPI connector you will add more functionality such as control from a tablet, wireless control, Bluetooth and much more. A web interface can be installed to control the motors and servos directly. It can also interface with Java Script.
Marlin and Repetier firmware have been ported to the ZeroPi for I3 and the delta open-source 3D printer. This allows ZeroPi to directly control the printer without any additional expansion boards. It’s four times faster, cheaper and only half the size of the Mega2560. ZeroPi is fully open-source with board schematics, user manual, Marlin and Repetier firmware on GitHub.
It’s Currently up for funding on Kickstarter where you can preorder a ZeroPi for $24.
- on Microcontrollers
ZeroPi for motion control
October 15, 2015 | 00:23
ZeroPi is a development board designed for motor (including stepper) and servo intensive applications such as 3D printer controllers, CNC machine control and robotics. The board itself... | <urn:uuid:719539da-6b77-42f2-bb62-4b3a3e3f32d0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.elektormagazine.com/news/zeropi-for-motion-control | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283008.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00089-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.870836 | 481 | 2.3125 | 2 |
The remedy for unprofitable spiritual stargazing lies in a Christian theology of history, an understanding of the order of events in the divine programme. First, Jesus returned to heaven (Ascension). Secondly, the Holy Spirit came (Pentecost). Thirdly, the church goes out to witness (Mission). Fourthly, Jesus will come back (Parousia). Whenever we forget one of these events, or put them in the wrong sequence, confusion reigns. We need especially to remember that between the ascension and the Parousia, the disappearance and the reappearance of Jesus, there stretches a period of unknown length which is to be filled with the church’s world-wide, Spirit-empowered witness to him. We need to hear the implied message of the angels: ‘You have seen him go. You will see him come. But between that going and coming there must be another. The Spirit must come, and you must go—into the world for Christ.’
–John R W Stott, The Message of Acts:To the ends of the earth (Downers Grove, Il.: InterVarsity Academic, 1990), p.23
The Ascension of Christ.
This extraordinary miniature (from the Rabbula Gospels: Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, cod. plut. 1.56 fol. 13v) may date as early as the late 5thC, & is among the earliest representations of the subject. https://t.co/80lSerAsyd pic.twitter.com/3mw8oQsVfq
— flissina 🦌 (@flissina) May 20, 2020 | <urn:uuid:2323c88e-20aa-47c7-9cd1-4df8e4d6b1ed> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://kendallharmon.net/?p=93027 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.899258 | 351 | 2.453125 | 2 |
So I'm now thinking seriously about making this watch and I found it was quite a hard task because I didn't have the sufficient equipment or tools. I had very primitive and I managed to get some tools together, I bought a second hand lathe, which demonstrated the foolhardiness of buying second hand lathes, they're only sold because they're worn out. Mine was worn out and there was nothing I could do but learn how to use it and get the best I could out of it. And so I started on this watch. I made a couple of drawings of it, I got into a bit of a tangle now and again and realised that designing watches on paper and then making them wasn't the way I was going to go through life. I had to make the watch without any drawings, and then when it was finished, make the drawings to use perhaps on some later occasion. And I found that this influenced the whole of my watch-making career. I cannot make a drawing and then make a watch from the drawing, which is what most people do. My way suits me better, and of course, since there are no drawings, I can change my mind as often as I like in midway and change the design. One thinks of ways of improving. While one's working, one thinks of ways of improving the details of watches. And I worked for nearly two years on this watch, one way or another. First I had to spend many, many hours late at night practicing engine turning in order to make the dials and so forth. All that took a lot of time, everything needed practice, everything needed making, even special files had to be ground to shape and formed to do some of the work. And it took as I say two years, and at the end of that time, it was done and- it wasn't finished, but the movement was done and ready for final status, which meant the dial and the hands and the case, and the case was a problem, because I had no experience of case making. I had no materials for case making, no tools for case making, case making tools, and so I struck a deal with a watchmaker in Clerkenwell. I've got to think of his name. Oliver, I struck a deal with Oliver, who had a Dickensian workshop in Clerkenwell and was a brilliant case maker, not because he had any special talents at making cases, but because he'd been whipped as a boy into doing it perfectly all the time, and being in Clerkenwell, he was incapable of doing anything else, but perfect. And so, I wanted him to make the case. I noted on his bench several watch movements just lying in open boxes, obviously all taken in to have cases made and I was a bit reluctant to leave my watch there. I took out the delicate parts and I took the watch to him and he put it in a box on his bench and I went back some five or six weeks later, it was still in the box on the bench and it hadn't been moved, and I realised he wasn't going to make this case. He had every willing intention of doing it, but it wouldn't be possible for him to do it, he couldn't. You know he was too old and he couldn't get himself motivated and why anyway should he do anything for a young whippersnapper like me, you know. I mean he was a proper chap and top of his profession, why should he help me, and that was the Clerkenwell attitude. And so I struck a deal with him and I said if you show me in your workshop how to make a case, I will pay you as if you had made the case for me. And he agreed, and I think the sum was £40. That was in 1968, so it wasn't a bad sum of money really for Oliver to take, and he showed me how to make the case. He didn't do anything, he was most careful not to touch anything to do with the case or the tools or anything. He would just point me to do that and you want to do this, and eventually I got the case made. It wasn't terribly difficult to do, but I learnt the techniques, and that was the important thing I got from Oliver. So there was my case finished, and I took it to the assay office and they said they couldn't assay it because it had the wrong proportion of silver and gold, and I was devastated, you know my beautiful case, they wouldn't hallmark it. But the assay master was a very congenial chap and he said look, if I were you, I would remake a new front bezel for it in silver and then bring it back and have it assayed, and then you can take off the silver bezel and put the gold on. So I did that and it worked out well and I got my case hallmarked and I picked the case up from the hall - from the goldsmith's assay hall about six o clock in the evening and I was so thrilled I ran every step of the way to London Bridge Station to get the train home again, and I think that's a distance of about four miles. I ran it all the way there.
George Daniels, CBE, DSc, FBHI, FSA (19 August 1926 - 21 October 2011) was an English watchmaker most famous for creating the co-axial escapement. Daniels was one of the few modern watchmakers who could create a complete watch by hand, including the case and dial. He was a former Master of the Clockmakers' Company of London and had been awarded their Gold Medal, a rare honour, as well as the Gold Medal of the British Horological Institute, the Gold Medal of the City of London and the Kullberg Medal of the Stockholm Watchmakers’ Guild.
Title: How I made my first ever watch
Roger Smith was born in 1970 in Bolton, Lancashire. He began training as a watchmaker at the age of 16 at the Manchester School of Horology and in 1989 won the British Horological Institute Bronze Medal. His first hand made watch, made between 1991 and 1998, was inspired by George Daniels' book "Watchmaking" and was created while Smith was working as a self-employed watch repairer and maker. His second was made after he had shown Dr Daniels the first, and in 1998 Daniels invited him to work with him on the creation of the 'Millennium Watches', a series of hand made wrist watches using the Daniels co-axial escapement produced by Omega. Roger Smith now lives and works on the Isle of Man, and is considered the finest watchmaker of his generation.
Clerkenwell, 1968, The Goldsmiths' Company
5 minutes, 58 seconds
Date story recorded:
Date story went live:
24 January 2008 | <urn:uuid:e61f6735-bb65-4056-97ef-b69464070058> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.webofstories.com/play/george.daniels/28;jsessionid=E0F74B5C7AF7AD2FBB6210C475361061 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720941.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00519-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.992583 | 1,409 | 1.601563 | 2 |
The CDC Recommends a New COVID-19 Vaccine Series
The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released a statement on July 20 recommending the addition of the Novavax COVID-19 vaccine series to the current armamentarium of immunizations against SARS-CoV-2 among individuals ages 18 and older. The Novavax currently has Emergency Use Authorization from the US Food and Drug Administration. The vaccine was funded by the US Department of Defense and uses spike proteins and an immune-system stimulator to create an immune response to the novel coronavirus in recipients. A clinical trial of more than 29,000 subjects revealed the Novavax vaccine is both safe and effective. It is a two-dose vaccine with injections spaced 3 to 4 weeks apart. Click here to read more. | <urn:uuid:f35c48a6-9d77-4d75-b227-d551c36031d0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com/cdc-recommends-new-covid-19-vaccine-series/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573163.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818033705-20220818063705-00066.warc.gz | en | 0.940984 | 163 | 2.40625 | 2 |
The U.S Census Bureau has announced on Tuesday that the median household income on the country has increased by 5.2% in 2015, and official poverty rate decreased 1.2% points.
Median household income in the United States in 2015 was $56,516, an increase of 5.2% from the 2014 median income of $53,718. This is the first annual increase in median household income since 2007, the year before the financial recession.
According to the Bureau, the official poverty rate in 2015 was 13.5 percent, with 43.1 million people in poverty, 3.5 million fewer than in 2014.
The percentage of citizens in the U.S without health insurance coverage was 9.1% in 2015, down from 10.4% in 2014. The number of people without health insurance declined to 29 million from 33 million over the period.
Changes in income inequality between 2014 and 2015 were not statistically significant as measured by the shares of aggregate household income by quintiles. In other words, the slight improvement in household income is not affecting the state of income inequality. | <urn:uuid:a63e0527-4366-4b1c-9e4e-86d0b37190a2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.financialbuzz.com/median-household-income-increased-in-2015-553747 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00042-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.977354 | 224 | 2.75 | 3 |
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Outro0:26 with Kenneth Love
Well, that's it for Flask Basics! You're now a Flask developer! Build cool things and post them in the Forum so we can all see and learn together.
Well, we're at the end of our Flask course.
Hopefully, you've seen how to make Flask an awesome new tool in your Python
It's a great way to test out an idea for a web app and
still get to write your beloved Python.
If you're wanting to go a step further and
actually put this online, Flask deploys really well to services like Heroku.
I'll link to their docs in the teacher's notes.
If you do build something neat, as always, post it in the forums and
let me know about it.
I'd love to see where you take this character builder.
You need to sign up for Treehouse in order to download course files.Sign up | <urn:uuid:2bbfdc79-a716-4e29-920e-bc888258883c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://teamtreehouse.com/library/flask-basics/character-builder/outro | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281353.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00064-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.920592 | 220 | 1.5 | 2 |
Moldovan court bans chemical castration of pedophiles
|Publisher||Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty|
|Publication Date||5 July 2013|
|Cite as||Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, Moldovan court bans chemical castration of pedophiles, 5 July 2013, available at: http://www.refworld.org/docid/51e79b8b25.html [accessed 20 January 2017]|
|Disclaimer||This is not a UNHCR publication. UNHCR is not responsible for, nor does it necessarily endorse, its content. Any views expressed are solely those of the author or publisher and do not necessarily reflect those of UNHCR, the United Nations or its Member States.|
July 05, 2013
The law's supporters cited fears that Moldova was increasingly becoming a destination for sex tourism, including with underage victims.
CHISINAU – Moldova's constitutional court has banned the use of chemical castration to punish convicted pedophiles.
The court ruled that the procedure amounted to medical intervention against a person's will and therefore was a violation of basic human rights.
Deputies from Moldova's Liberal Party pushed the law through parliament last year.
It provided for chemical castration for Moldovans and foreigners convicted of sexual abuse of children under 15.
The proponents argued that Moldova had become a destination for international sex tourists.
Chemical castration does not involve surgery but consists of a man being injected with drugs aimed at blunting his sex drive for a period of time.
Since the law was passed, five people have been sentenced to chemical castration but the procedures were postponed in each of those cases pending a ruling on the constitutionality of the law.
Based on reporting by Reuters and RFE/RL's Moldovan Service | <urn:uuid:0b8e452a-335b-47ef-aa23-710e506a16c5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.refworld.org/country,,,COUNTRYNEWS,MDA,,51e79b8b25,0.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00318-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944089 | 366 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Monuments Sight Seeing Attractions Egypt Abusir Necropolis
Monuments Sight Seeing Attractions Egypt Abusir Necropolis Since 1989, in the area now known as Abusir South, which is just a little to the north-west of Saqqara, the Czech Institute of Egyptology have been investigating the private tombs of officials and priests of the Old Kingdom. Some of these tombs had been visited by Lepsius in the mid-1800s, but have since fallen into a poor state of preservation.
The Czech team are concentrating on gaining a deeper understanding of the development of the necropolis by studying not only the royal monuments but also Old Kingdom (Dynasty III-VI) and Saite-Persian (Dynasties XXVI-XXX) cemeteries.
Tomb of Udjahorresnet
The Czech Institute began work in 1980 at South-West Abusir, investigating tombs in an area which Lepsius had designated as the site of another pyramid (Lepsius XXVII).
A line of large Saite-Persian shaft tombs runs from here, south-east towards the Saqqara Serapeum and after investigation the team found the ‘Lepsius pyramid’ was actually a complex tomb of an important official during the Persian era.
The owner’s name is Udjahorresnet, a priest at Sais during the reigns of Cambyses and Darius I and whose statue with an autobiographical text is well known from the Vatican Museum.
His tomb shaft, which had been filed with sand, was cleared, but robbers had already struck and little was found in the burial chamber except two damaged limestone and basalt sarcophagi.
Tomb of Kaaper
Among the most important monuments to be investigated is the tomb of Kaaper, which was excavated and documented in 1989.
Kaaper was a ‘Scribe of the Royal Armies’ (probably on the Eastern Frontier) during early Dynasty V.
Kaaper’s tomb has a large rectangular superstructure encased in limestone, with a façade once decorated with portrayals of the deceased.
The rectangular offering chapel contains the remains of a false door with a red granite altar sunk into the floor before it and a serdab behind it.
An L-shaped interior chamber in the south-west corner of the tomb also contains a false door.
Many reliefs from Kaaper’s mastaba have been identified in museums around the world.
Tomb of Fetekhy
In 1991 the Czech team located the Old Kingdom tomb of Fetekhy which had been previously documented by Lepsius and subsequently lost.
Fetekhy’s tomb once contained beautiful painted decoration which included unusual detailed market scenes which were reproduced by Lepsius.
Tomb of Qar
Fetekhy’s tomb is surrounded by an Old Kingdom cemetery in which many other important tombs were found.
In 1995 the Czech team excavated the family tomb of Qar, a previously unknown judge and vizier of Dynasty VI, who was involved in the administration of the pyramid cults of Pepy I, Meryre and Neferkare.
The tomb complex has been excavated and found to contain two tomb chapels, one decorated with reliefs of the deceased and a massive red granite false door which has now been restored.
A sloping passage in the south-eastern corner of an open court gives access to a single burial chamber where a huge limestone sarcophagus was found.
Epigraphic and restoration work in the mastaba of Qar is still continuing.
The mastaba is not open to visitors.
Several smaller chapels were found to the north of Qar’s tomb, belonging to his sons Qar and Senedjemib. These chapels had curiously been destroyed by smashing and scattering the decorated blocks – thought to be a deliberate act.
Tomb of Iufaa
Work began in 1995 on the second shaft tomb, a little to the south-east of Udjahorresnet’s monument.
The owner, Iufaa was a previously unknown official of the Persian Period, who held the titles of ‘Lector Priest and Controller of Palaces’.
A mudbrick enclosure wall was revealed which once would have contained stelae in niches, but only fragments of one limestone stela was found.
Further investigation of the shafts in subsequent seasons has revealed rich rewards – the first intact burial to be discovered since Howard Carter excavated the tomb of Tutankhamun.
Unfortunately the tomb shaft had been badly damaged by a series of earthquakes in 1992 and 1996 and further excavation required the construction of a large concrete coffer to protect the vaulted roof of the burial chamber.
The massive shaft is 28m deep and it was at the bottom of the shaft that Iufaa’s burial chamber was discovered, complete with a huge white limestone sealed sarcophagus.
Around the sarcophagus the Czech team, directed by Miroslav Verner, found a complete set of burial equipment, including canopic jars, furniture, vessels, inscribed magical bricks and a full set of 408 blue faience shabti figures of the finest quality.
In February 1998 the limestone sarcophagus lid was raised with due ceremony and media coverage, to reveal a second anthropoid sarcophagus of finely carved dark green schist, hidden by a peculiar layer of mudbricks.
The anthropoid sarcophagus had a lid carved in the image of Iufaa as Osiris, wearing a false beard and wig or head covering, and with vertical rows of incised hieroglyphic inscriptions down its length.
This in turn was uncovered and when opened was found to contain a badly decayed wooden coffin covered with a layer of painted stucco.
Iufaa’s mummy, inside the inner coffin, was covered by a bead net shroud, but the mummy was also too badly damaged by time and humidity to be saved.
The remains of the decomposed mummy in its linen wrappings with portions of gilding still seen on the face, were transferred to Giza to be studied, and found to be the body of a male at around 30 years of age at death (from the preliminary examinations).
It is intended that the body of Iufaa will eventually be returned to his tomb and once more laid to rest.
Since 1998 the Czech team have continued work in the tomb of Iufaa, unearthing further structures around the area of the main shaft, where a complex of chambers probably connected to the mortuary cult of the deceased have been found.
A sloping corridor leads from the chambers to the tomb shaft and two wooden coffins were found here, one containing the body of an elderly man and the other belonging to a lady named Imakh-kher-(t)-resent, who were probably relatives of Iufaa.
Burial equipment has also been found here, including canopic jars and a set of 405 shabti figures. Consolidation inside the burial chamber itself has also continued with restoration of the extensive inscribed reliefs on the chamber’s walls.
The tomb is not currently open to visitors, but is scheduled by the SCA to be open in the future.
Tomb of Padihot
Near the eastern side of the tomb of Iufaa, another shaft was uncovered by the Czech Institute in their 2000-2001 season. A small decorated burial chamber revealed the name of its owner, Padihot whose only title was ‘Royal Acquaintance’.
In the corridor which links the shaft to the burial chamber an Arabic inscription in Kufic script was found scratched on the wall.
The tomb was robbed and found to contain only a few shabtis scattered in the burial chamber.
Tomb of Inty
To the south of Qar’s tomb the Czech team have excavated (during 2000-2001) the tomb of Inty, a Dynasty VI official and ‘most favoured son’ of the Vizier Qar.
His titles include ‘Judge, Keeper of Nekhen, Supervisor of Prophets of the Pyramid of Teti, Tenant of the Pyramid of Teti, Judge of the Six Great Courts and Secretary of the Judgement of the Six Great Courts’.
Excavations have so far revealed a superstructure constructed from mudbrick and encased in limestone slabs.
It’s decorated entrance in the northern wall leads to a small open court, a tomb chapel, a vaulted serdab and a large open court.
The façade, small court and chapel have been reconstructed and covered with a reinforced concrete roof.
In the 2002 season the burial shafts were investigated and recorded and the largest of these has been excavated.
Pottery, alabaster bowls and copper tools and vessels have been found in the burial chamber where a large limestone sarcophagus lies to the east of a false door. Several imported jars were also found in the tomb.
Inti’s tomb contains many fine reliefs, but the most important discovery from the tomb is a seated limestone statue of an official, Nefer, found in the entrance to the chapel.
The importance of this is that not only was it the first statue of an official to be found in this area, but it is one of the earlier attestations that the tomb’s mortuary cult was shared by another individual. The statue of Nefer has been transferred to the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. The tomb is not open to visitors. | <urn:uuid:a39ccf51-5bc6-4ef4-88b3-7634664250e2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nilecruised.com/monuments-sight-seeing-attractions-egypt-abusir-necropolis/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.972937 | 1,997 | 2.359375 | 2 |
ANCHORAGE (AP) -- An Anchorage company has caught the attention of the Army, the North Slope Borough Search and Rescue and major mail-order companies with a laser signaling device.
Greatland Laser is supplying laser lighting systems for emergency signaling to the military and the Barrow-based agency, according to Jim and Kim O'Meara, the company owners.
The company's patented laser signaling devices, which Jim O'Meara developed five years ago, also are being sold at 40 dealers nationwide and through mail-order companies Cabellas, Red Envelope and Galls, a police and firefighting outfitter.
A special forces unit of the Army is placing an order for 850 Rescue Laser Lights, a machined aluminum light that attaches to the butt end of a small flashlight.
North Slope Borough Search and Rescue purchased 180 Laser Flares, a larger, more powerful version of the Laser Light.
The O'Mearas said the flares will be used with personal locator beacons, emergency transmitters that send distress signals via satellite.
The emergency transmitters have been used since 1992 in the region and have been credited with saving several lives. Jim O'Meara says his product will further help out with locating a lost or hurt villager.
''Every village in Alaska needs these,'' said Jim O'Meara. ''If you save three hours of helicopter time, you've paid for these.''
North Slope villagers can check out an emergency transmitter and the laser lights for free, much like a library book.
The Rescue Laser Flare and the Rescue Laser Light are signaling devices that can be seen more than 10 miles away. They also can be used to light up reflective materials on lifejackets, street signs, reflective clothing, buoys, channel markers, trail markers, and reflectors on bikes, cars or snowmachines.
The secret to the signaling devices is in their lenses. Instead of a single dot found on a laser pen pointer, the lenses stretch the dot into a line, which grows in length the farther it is away from the signaling device.
The company, located at Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport, employs five people.
In addition to the laser lights, the company also is developing laser runway lighting that is being tested by the Federal Aviation Administration.
© 2017. All Rights Reserved. | Contact Us | <urn:uuid:bddee500-540f-4a8c-9beb-6b20fa0d1a9f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://peninsulaclarion.com/stories/121002/ala_121002ala0040001.shtml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285289.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00151-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940594 | 489 | 1.609375 | 2 |
For the development of dynamic systems, the steady-state response at the output of the system to harmonic excitation at the input often must be known.
For the development of dynamic systems in electrical engineering, control engineering, and even mechatronics, the steady-state response at the output of the system to harmonic excitation (sinusoidal oscillation) at the input often must be known. This is called the frequency response of the system. It is represented with a Bode plot. For this, the amplitude response and the phase response are determined from the transfer function of the system and plotted as a graph with the gain and the phase as a function of frequency. Logarithmic scales are used. The amplitude response is given in decibels, so it is possible to construct complex Bode plots by superposition of simple subplots.
If there are several partial transfer functions, the actual multiplication of their amplitude responses is simplified to an addition through the decibel scale. The phase responses can be additively superposed even without the logarithmic scale. Further advantages of the logarithmic representation are the larger frequency range of the plot and the identical relative precision over the entire curve.
Simulation of the Frequency Response with LTspice
The frequency response of an electrical circuit can be simulated with LTspice. With this powerful simulation software for analog circuits, signals in the time domain can also be transformed to the frequency domain. In addition, small signal analyses and Monte Carlo simulations can be performed. Thanks to its compatibility with SPICE, LTspice can handle numerous electronic components.
To obtain the frequency response of a circuit, or its Bode plot, using LTspice, it helps to start with a simple circuit example. Figure 1 shows a second-order low-pass filter. The input and output nodes were given labels to facilitate the later display of the simulation in the simulation window.
Figure 1: Example of a circuit for a second-order low-pass filter.
The circuit will be stimulated with a sine wave. This requires an AC sweep, which can be found under the AC Analysis tab in the menu Simulate > Edit Simulation Cmd. The simulation parameters are also entered here. The x-axis in a Bode plot should have a logarithmic scale. Under Type of Sweep, the value Decade should be selected. The remaining parameter information should be added as required.
In addition, for the AC analysis, the input voltage with which the circuit should be stimulated should be defined. In the voltage source parameters under menu item Small Signal AC Analysis, the desired amplitude is specified (1 V here). Now the actual simulation can be run (Simulate > Run). After the simulation successfully completes, an empty probe editor automatically opens. After the desired node in the circuit (output) has been selected, the amplitude and the phase are displayed as a function of frequency.
The frequency response of a system is yielded from the ratio of the output signal to the input signal; the display still must be adapted slightly. For this, the function must be given as the ratio V(output)/V(input) in the Expression Editor. Now the frequency response of the circuit will correctly show with the amplitude response and the phase response.
Figure 2 shows the frequency response of a second-order low-pass filter as a function of frequency. The amplitude gain is given in decibels on the y-axis on the left, and the phase shift is given in degrees on the y-axis on the right.
Figure 2: Frequency response as a function of frequency f for a second-order low-pass filter.
To read the exact values from the plot, it is possible to add cursors that you can move along the graph. It is necessary to click on the waveform node title at the top of the graph. If you double-click, you will get two cursors that will give the absolute value at each cursor position and the difference between the two cursor positions in a separate window.
The frequency response of a circuit can be simulated relatively easily with LTspice. The standard Bode plot displayed in LTspice is given as a function of frequency f. A modified method, which is not discussed here, must be used if the plot should be displayed with the angular frequency ω.
About the Author
Thomas Brand began his career at Analog Devices in Munich in 2015 as part of his master’s thesis. After graduating, he was part of a trainee program at Analog Devices. In 2017, he became a field applications engineer. Thomas supports large industrial customers in Central Europe and also specializes in the field of Industrial Ethernet. He studied electrical engineering at the University of Cooperative Education in Mosbach before completing his postgraduate studies in international sales with a master’s degree at the University of Applied Sciences in Constance. He can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:c470dbf7-175e-4b36-8c21-cdce278d03a1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ednasia.com/how-to-generate-a-bode-plot-with-ltspice/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.914574 | 1,010 | 4 | 4 |
You may know a little about Google Fiber, the insanely fast internet that arrived in Kansas City not too long ago, but the unfortunate news is that Google isn’t really planning on rolling its Fiber service out to a majority of the US. However, FCC Chairman Julius Genachoski is calling for gigabit internet in all 50 states by 2015.
Genachowski is calling it the “Gigabit City Challenge,” and he wants all 50 states to have at least one city with gigabit internet availability by the time 2015 rolls around. He’s relying upon ISPs and state governments to help make it all a reality. Of course, other areas in the US have already implemented the faster internet protocol, mostly thanks to private funding, but Genachowski wants ISPs to step up.
Overall, the FCC said that there are currently 42 communities in 14 states with access to fiber-based internet, so we’re already seeing some progress, but Genachowksi notes that as long as “we build it, innovation will come.” He also says that the US ultimately needs this in order to “drive economic growth” and compete globally.
Of course, this is only a goal of the FCC’s and not necessarily a mandate, so they’re really only encouraging ISPs and state governments to step up, rather than force them to introduce gigabit internet, so we’re going to have to see a lot of cooperation between certain parties if we want to see high-speed, fiber internet in all 50 states anytime soon.
Image via Flickr | <urn:uuid:fc73c478-21a5-46dc-a863-0a7dd24ef74a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.slashgear.com/fcc-chairman-proposes-gigabit-internet-in-all-50-states-by-2015-18265904/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00336-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953667 | 328 | 2.359375 | 2 |
A cardiac monitor can now be custom-built to fit the hearts of patients suffering life-threatening disorders thanks to 3D printing.
An international team of biomedical engineers and materials scientists have created an elastic membrane made of a soft, flexible, silicon material that can be precisely shaped to match each patient’s epicardium – the outer layer of the wall of the heart.
The researchers use an MRI or CT scan to create a model of the patient’s heart using a 3D printer, before printing tiny sensors onto the membrane that can precisely measure temperature, mechanical strain and pH, among other markers.
Those sensors can assist physicians with determining the health of the heart and even to predict an impending heart attack before a patient exhibits any physical signs, as well as allowing them to deliver treatment in the form of an electric pulse for cases of arrhythmia – an irregular heartbeat.
Current technology is two-dimensional and cannot cover the full surface of the epicardium or maintain reliable contact for continual use without sutures or adhesives.
"Each heart is a different shape, and current devices are one-size-fits-all and don't at all conform to the geometry of a patient's heart," said Professor Igor Efimov of Washington University in St Louis, who is corresponding author of a paper published online in Nature Communications yesterday.
"With this application, we image the patient's heart through MRI or CT scan then computationally extract the image to build a 3D model that we can print on a 3D printer. We then mould the shape of the membrane that will constitute the base of the device deployed on the surface of the heart."
Ultimately, the membrane could be used to treat diseases of the ventricles in the lower chambers of the heart or could be inserted inside the heart to treat a variety of disorders, including atrial fibrillation, which affects three to five million patients in the USA.
"Currently, medical devices to treat heart rhythm diseases are essentially based on two electrodes inserted through the veins and deployed inside the chambers," Efimov said.
"Contact with the tissue is only at one or two points, and it is at a very low resolution. What we want to create is an approach that will allow you to have numerous points of contact and to correct the problem with high-definition diagnostics and high-definition therapy."
Co-leading the team with Efimov is Professor John Rogers from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, who developed the transfer printing technique and developed the sensors using semiconductor materials including silicon, gallium arsenide and gallium nitride, along with metals, metal oxides and polymers.
Efimov says the membrane developed is similar to the contact lens embedded with sensors designed to monitor glucose levels in diabetics, announced by Google in January, though much more sophisticated.
"Because this is implantable, it will allow physicians to monitor vital functions in different organs and intervene when necessary to provide therapy," he said. "In the case of heart rhythm disorders, it could be used to stimulate cardiac muscle or the brain, or in renal disorders, it would monitor ionic concentrations of calcium, potassium and sodium."
Efimov says the membrane could even hold a sensor to measure troponin, a protein expressed in heart cells and a hallmark of a heart attack, and he hopes that ultimately, such devices will be combined with ventricular assist devices – mechanical devices used to assist weakened ventricles in failing hearts.
"This is just the beginning," he said. "Previous devices have shown huge promise and have saved millions of lives. Now we can take the next step and tackle some arrhythmia issues that we don't know how to treat." | <urn:uuid:a2dfb5ed-8680-4ee7-aa87-7106cc85effa> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://eandt.theiet.org/content/articles/2014/02/3d-printing-enables-custom-built-heart-monitors/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718426.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00138-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.929612 | 767 | 3.25 | 3 |
Digitized by Cardinalis Etext Press, C.E.K. Posted to Wiretap in July 1993, as wartheo.txt.
Footnotes and index are not included, but their markings have been retained with page # references: [#] for volume I, and [[#]] for those in volume II.
This text is in the PUBLIC DOMAIN.
A HISTORY OF THE WARFARE OF SCIENCE WITH THEOLOGY IN CHRISTENDOM
BY ANDREW DICKSON WHITE LL.D. (YALE), L.H.D. (COLUMBIA), PH.DR. (JENA) LATE PRESIDENT AND PROFESSOR OF HISTORY AT CORNELL UNIVERSITY
TWO VOLUMES COMBINED
NEW YORK D. APPLETON AND COMPANY 1898
COPYRIGHT, 1896 BY D. APPLETON AND COMPANY.
Thoughts that great hearts once broke for, we Breathe cheaply in the common air.--LOWELL
Dicipulus est prioris posterior dies.--PUBLIUS SYRUS
Truth is the daughter of Time.--BACON
The Truth shall make you free.--ST. JOHN, viii, 32.
MY book is ready for the printer, and as I begin this preface my eye lights upon the crowd of Russian peasants at work on the Neva under my windows. With pick and shovel they are letting the rays of the April sun into the great ice barrier which binds together the modern quays and the old granite fortress where lie the bones of the Romanoff Czars.
This barrier is already weakened; it is widely decayed, in many places thin, and everywhere treacherous; but it is, as a whole, so broad, so crystallized about old boulders, so imbedded in shallows, so wedged into crannies on either shore, that it is a great danger. The waters from thousands of swollen streamlets above are pressing behind it; wreckage and refuse are piling up against it; every one knows that it must yield. But there is danger that it may resist the pressure too long and break suddenly, wrenching even the granite quays from their foundations, bringing desolation to a vast population, and leaving, after the subsidence of the flood, a widespread residue of slime, a fertile breeding-bed for the germs of disease.
But the patient _mujiks_ are doing the right thing. The barrier, exposed more and more to the warmth of spring by the scores of channels they are making, will break away gradually, and the river will flow on beneficent and beautiful.
My work in this book is like that of the Russian _mujik_ on the Neva. I simply try to aid in letting the light of historical truth into that decaying mass of outworn thought which attaches the modern world to mediaeval conceptions of Christianity, and which still lingers among us--a most serious barrier to religion and morals, and a menace to the whole normal evolution of society.
For behind this barrier also the flood is rapidly rising --the flood of increased knowledge and new thought; and this barrier also, though honeycombed and in many places thin, creates a danger--danger of a sudden breaking away, distressing and calamitous, sweeping before it not only out worn creeds and noxious dogmas, but cherished principles and ideals, and even wrenching out most precious religious and moral foundations of the whole social and political fabric.
My hope is to aid--even if it be but a little--in the gradual and healthful dissolving away of this mass of unreason, that the stream of "religion pure and undefiled" may flow on broad and clear, a blessing to humanity.
And now a few words regarding the evolution of this book.
It is something over a quarter of a century since I labored with Ezra Cornell in founding the university which bears his honored name.
Our purpose was to establish in the State of New York an institution for advanced instruction and research, in which science, pure and applied, should have an equal place with literature; in which the study of literature, ancient and modern, should be emancipated as much as possible from pedantry; and which should be free from various useless trammels and vicious methods which at that period hampered many, if not most, of the American universities and colleges.
We had especially determined that the institution should be under the control of no political party and of no single religious sect, and with Mr. Cornell's approval I embodied stringent provisions to this effect in the charter.
It had certainly never entered into the mind of either of us that in all this we were doing anything irreligious or unchristian. Mr. Cornell was reared a member of the Society of Friends; he had from his fortune liberally aided every form of Christian effort which he found going on about him, and among the permanent trustees of the public library which he had already founded, he had named all the clergymen of the town--Catholic and Protestant. As for myself, I had been bred a churchman, had recently been elected a trustee of one church college, and a professor in another; those nearest and dearest to me were devoutly religious; and, if I may be allowed to speak of a matter so personal to my self, my most cherished friendships were among deeply religious men and women, and my greatest sources of enjoyment were ecclesiastical architecture, religious music, and the more devout forms of poetry. So, far from wishing to injure Christianity, we both hoped to promote it; but we did not confound religion with sectarianism, and we saw in the sectarian character of American colleges and universities as a whole, a reason for the poverty of the advanced instruction then given in so many of them.
It required no great acuteness to see that a system of control which, in selecting a Professor of Mathematics or Language or Rhetoric or Physics or Chemistry, asked first and above all to what sect or even to what wing or branch of a sect he belonged, could hardly do much to advance the moral, religious, or intellectual development of mankind.
The reasons for the new foundation seemed to us, then, so cogent that we expected the co-operation of all good citizens, and anticipated no opposition from any source.
As I look back across the intervening years, I know not whether to be more astonished or amused at our simplicity.
Opposition began at once. In the State Legislature it confronted us at every turn, and it was soon in full blaze throughout the State--from the good Protestant bishop who proclaimed that all professors should be in holy orders, since to the Church alone was given the command, "Go, teach all nations," to the zealous priest who published a charge that Goldwin Smith--a profoundly Christian scholar --had come to Cornell in order to inculcate the "infidelity of the _Westminster Review_"; and from the eminent divine who went from city to city, denouncing the "atheistic and pantheistic tendencies" of the proposed education, to the perfervid minister who informed a denominational synod that Agassiz, the last great opponent of Darwin, and a devout theist, was "preaching Darwinism and atheism" in the new institution.
As the struggle deepened, as hostile resolutions were introduced into various ecclesiastical bodies, as honored clergymen solemnly warned their flocks first against the "atheism," then against the "infidelity," and finally against the "indifferentism" of the university, as devoted pastors endeavoured to dissuade young men from matriculation, I took the defensive, and, in answer to various attacks from pulpits and religious newspapers, attempted to allay the fears of the public. "Sweet reasonableness" was fully tried. There was established and endowed in the university perhaps the most effective Christian pulpit, and one of the most vigorous branches of the Christian Association, then in the United States; but all this did nothing to ward off the attack. The clause in the charter of the university forbidding it to give predominance to the doctrines of any sect, and above all the fact that much prominence was given to instruction in various branches of science, seemed to prevent all compromise, and it soon became clear that to stand on the defensive only made matters worse. Then it was that there was borne in upon me a sense of the real difficulty-- the antagonism between the theological and scientific view of the universe and of education in relation to it; therefore it was that, having been invited to deliver a lecture in the great hall of the Cooper Institute at New York, I took as my subject _The Battlefields of Science_, maintaining this thesis which follows:
_In all modern history, interference with science in the supposed interest of religion, no matter how conscientious such interference may have been, has resulted in the direst evils both to religion and science, and invariably; and, on the other hand, all untrammeled scientific investigation, no matter how dangerous to religion some of its stages may have seemed for the time to be, has invariably resulted in the highest good both of religion and science._
The lecture was next day published in the _New York Tribune_ at the request of Horace Greeley, its editor, who was also one of the Cornell University trustees. As a result of this widespread publication and of sundry attacks which it elicited, I was asked to maintain my thesis before various university associations and literary clubs; and I shall always remember with gratitude that among those who stood by me and presented me on the lecture platform with words of approval and cheer was my revered instructor, the Rev. Dr. Theodore Dwight Woolsey, at that time President of Yale College.
My lecture grew--first into a couple of magazine articles, and then into a little book called _The Warfare of Science_, for which, when republished in England, Prof. John Tyndall wrote a preface.
Sundry translations of this little book were published, but the most curious thing in its history is the fact that a very friendly introduction to the Swedish translation was written by a Lutheran bishop.
Meanwhile Prof. John W. Draper published his book on _The Conflict between Science and Religion_, a work of great ability, which, as I then thought, ended the matter, so far as my giving it further attention was concerned.
But two things led me to keep on developing my own work in this field: First, I had become deeply interested in it, and could not refrain from directing my observation and study to it; secondly, much as I admired Draper's treatment of the questions involved, his point of view and mode of looking at history were different from mine.
He regarded the struggle as one between Science and Religion. I believed then, and am convinced now, that it was a struggle between Science and Dogmatic Theology.
More and more I saw that it was the conflict between two epochs in the evolution of human thought--the theological and the scientific.
So I kept on, and from time to time published _New Chapters in the Warfare of Science_ as magazine articles in _The Popular Science Monthly_. This was done under many difficulties. For twenty years, as President of Cornell University and Professor of History in that institution, I was immersed in the work of its early development. Besides this, I could not hold myself entirely aloof from public affairs, and was three times sent by the Government of the United States to do public duty abroad: first as a commissioner to Santo Domingo, in 1870; afterward as minister to Germany, in 1879; finally, as minister to Russia, in 1892; and was also called upon by the State of New York to do considerable labor in connection with international exhibitions at Philadelphia and at Paris. I was also obliged from time to time to throw off by travel the effects of overwork.
The variety of residence and occupation arising from these causes may perhaps explain some peculiarities in this book which might otherwise puzzle my reader.
While these journeyings have enabled me to collect materials over a very wide range--in the New World, from Quebec to Santo Domingo and from Boston to Mexico, San Francisco, and Seattle, and in the Old World from Trondhjem to Cairo and from St. Petersburg to Palermo-- they have often obliged me to write under circumstances not very favorable: sometimes on an Atlantic steamer, sometimes on a Nile boat, and not only in my own library at Cornell, but in those of Berlin, Helsingfors, Munich, Florence, and the British Museum. This fact will explain to the benevolent reader not only the citation of different editions of the same authority in different chapters, but some iterations which in the steady quiet of my own library would not have been made.
It has been my constant endeavour to write for the general reader, avoiding scholastic and technical terms as much as possible and stating the truth simply as it presents itself to me.
That errors of omission and commission will be found here and there is probable--nay, certain; but the substance of the book will, I believe, be found fully true. I am encouraged in this belief by the fact that, of the three bitter attacks which this work in its earlier form has already encountered, one was purely declamatory, objurgatory, and hortatory, and the others based upon ignorance of facts easily pointed out.
And here I must express my thanks to those who have aided me. First and above all to my former student and dear friend, Prof. George Lincoln Burr, of Cornell University, to whose contributions, suggestions, criticisms, and cautions I am most deeply indebted; also to my friends U. G. Weatherly, formerly Travelling Fellow of Cornell, and now Assistant Professor in the University of Indiana,--Prof. and Mrs. Earl Barnes and Prof. William H. Hudson, of Stanford University,--and Prof. E. P. Evans, formerly of the University of Michigan, but now of Munich, for extensive aid in researches upon the lines I have indicated to them, but which I could never have prosecuted without their co-operation. In libraries at home and abroad they have all worked for me most effectively, and I am deeply grateful to them.
This book is presented as a sort of _Festschrift_--a tribute to Cornell University as it enters the second quarter-century of its existence, and probably my last tribute.
The ideas for which so bitter a struggle was made at its foundation have triumphed. Its faculty, numbering over one hundred and, fifty; its students, numbering but little short of two thousand; its noble buildings and equipment; the munificent gifts, now amounting to millions of dollars, which it has received from public-spirited men and women; the evidences of public confidence on all sides; and, above all, the adoption of its cardinal principles and main features by various institutions of learning in other States, show this abundantly. But there has been a triumph far greater and wider. Everywhere among the leading modern nations the same general tendency is seen. During the quarter-century just past the control of public instruction, not only in America but in the leading nations of Europe, has passed more and more from the clergy to the laity. Not only are the presidents of the larger universities in the United States, with but one or two exceptions, laymen, but the same thing is seen in the old European strongholds of metaphysical theology. At my first visit to Oxford and Cambridge, forty years ago, they were entirely under ecclesiastical control. Now, all this is changed. An eminent member of the present British Government has recently said, "A candidate for high university position is handicapped by holy orders." I refer to this with not the slightest feeling of hostility toward the clergy, for I have none; among them are many of my dearest friends; no one honours their proper work more than I; but the above fact is simply noted as proving the continuance of that evolution which I have endeavoured to describe in this series of monographs--an evolution, indeed, in which the warfare of Theology against Science has been one of the most active and powerful agents. My belief is that in the field left to them--their proper field--the clergy will more and more, as they cease to struggle against scientific methods and conclusions, do work even nobler and more beautiful than anything they have heretofore done. And this is saying much. My conviction is that Science, though it has evidently conquered Dogmatic Theology based on biblical texts and ancient modes of thought, will go hand in hand with Religion; and that, although theological control will continue to diminish, Religion, as seen in the recognition of "a Power in the universe, not ourselves, which makes for righteousness," and in the love of God and of our neighbor, will steadily grow stronger and stronger, not only in the American institutions of learning but in the world at large. Thus may the declaration of Micah as to the requirements of Jehovah, the definition by St. James of "pure religion and undefiled," and, above all, the precepts and ideals of the blessed Founder of Christianity himself, be brought to bear more and more effectively on mankind.
I close this preface some days after its first lines were written. The sun of spring has done its work on the Neva; the great river flows tranquilly on, a blessing and a joy; the _mujiks_ are forgotten. A. D. W. LEGATION OF THE UNITED STATES, ST. PETERSBURG, April 14,1894.
P. S.--Owing to a wish to give more thorough revision to some parts of my work, it has been withheld from the press until the present date. A. D. W. CORNELL UNIVERSITY, ITHACA, N. Y., August 15, 1895.
To the Memory of EZRA CORNELL I DEDICATE THIS BOOK.
CONTENTS OF THE FIRST VOLUME.
CHAPTER I. FROM CREATION TO EVOLUTION.
I. The Visible Universe.
Ancient and medieval views regarding the manner of creation Regarding the matter of creation Regarding the time of creation Regarding the date of creation Regarding the Creator Regarding light and darkness Rise of the conception of an evolution: among the Chaldeans, The Hebrews, the Greeks, the Romans Its survival through the Middle Ages, despite the disfavour of the Church Its development in modern times.--The nebular hypothesis and its struggle with theology The idea of evolution at last victorious Our sacred books themselves an illustration of its truth The true reconciliation of Science and Theology
II. Theological Teachings regarding the Animals and Man.
Ancient and medieval representations of the creation of man Literal acceptance of the book of Genesis by the Christian fathers By the Reformers By modern theologians, Catholic and Protestant Theological reasoning as to the divisions of the animal kingdom The Physiologus, the Bestiaries, the Exempila Beginnings of sceptical observation Development of a scientific method in the study of Nature Breaking down of the theological theory of creation
III. Theological and Scientific Theories of an Evolution in Animated Nature.
Ideas of evolution among the ancients In the early Church In the medieval Church Development of these ideas from the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries The work of De Maillet Of Linneus Of Buffon Contributions to the theory of evolution at the close of the eighteenth century The work of Treviranus and Lamarck Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire and Cuvier Development of the theory up to the middle of the nineteenth century The contributions of Darwin and Wallace The opposition of Agassiz
IV. The Final Effort of Theology.
Attacks on Darwin and his theories in England In America Formation of sacro-scientific organizations to combat the theory of evolution The attack in France In Germany Conversion of Lyell to the theory of evolution The attack on Darwin's Descent of Man Difference between this and the former attack Hostility to Darwinism in America Change in the tone of the controversy.--Attempts at compromise Dying-out of opposition to evolution Last outbursts of theological hostility Final victory of evolution
CHAPTER II. GEOGRAPHY
I. The Form of the Earth.
Primitive conception of the earth as flat In Chaldea and Egypt In Persia Among the Hebrews Evolution, among the Greeks, of the idea of its sphericity Opposition of the early Church Evolution of a sacred theory, drawn from the Bible Its completion by Cosmas Indicopleustes Its influence on Christian thought Survival of the idea of the earth's sphericity--its acceptance by Isidore and Bede Its struggle and final victory
II. The Delineation of the Earth.
Belief of every ancient people that its own central place was the centre of the earth Hebrew conviction that the earth's centre was at Jerusalem Acceptance of this view by Christianity Influence of other Hebrew conceptions--Gog and Magog, the "four winds," the waters "on an heap"
III. The Inhabitants of the Earth.
The idea of antipodes Its opposition by the Christian Church--Gregory Nazianzen, Lactantius, Basil, Ambrose, Augustine, Procopius of Gaza, Cosmas, Isidore Virgil of Salzburg's assertion of it in the eighth century Its revival by William of Conches and Albert the Great in the thirteenth Surrender of it by Nicolas d'Oresme Fate of Peter of Abano and Cecco d' Ascoli Timidity of Pierre d'Ailly and Tostatus Theological hindrance of Columbus Pope Alexander VI's demarcation line Cautious conservatism.of Gregory Reysch Magellan and the victory of science
IV. The Size of the Earth.
Scientific attempts at measuring the earth The sacred solution of the problem Fortunate influence of the blunder upon Columbus
V. The Character of the Earth's Surface.
Servetus and the charge of denying the fertility of Judea Contrast between the theological and the religious spirit in their effects on science
CHAPTER III. ASTRONOMY.
I. The Old Sacred Theory of the Universe.
The early Church's conviction of the uselessness of astronomy The growth of a sacred theory--Origen, the Gnostics, Philastrius, Cosmas, Isidore The geocentric, or Ptolemaic, theory its origin, and its acceptance by the Christian world Development of the new sacred system of astronomy--the pseudo-Dionysius, Peter Lombard. Thomas Aquinas Its popularization by Dante Its details Its persistence to modern times
II. The Heliocentric Theory.
Its rise among the Greeks--Pythagoras, Philolaus, Aristarchus Its suppression by the charge of blasphemy Its loss from sight for six hundred Years, then for a thousand Its revival by Nicholas de Cusa and Nicholas Copernicus Its toleration as a hypothesis Its prohibition as soon as Galileo teaches it as a truth Consequent timidity of scholars--Acosta, Apian Protestantism not less zealous in opposition than Catholicism--Luther Melanchthon, Calvin, Turretin This opposition especially persistent in England--Hutchinson, Pike, Horne, Horsley, Forbes, Owen, Wesley Resulting interferences with freedom of teaching Giordano Bruno's boldness and his fate The truth demonstrated by the telescope of Galileo
III. The War upon Galileo.
Concentration of the war on this new champion The first attack Fresh attacks--Elci, Busaeus, Caccini, Lorini, Bellarmin Use of epithets Attempts to entrap Galileo His summons before the Inquisition at Rome The injunction to silence, and the condemnation of the theory of the earth's motion, The work of Copernicus placed on the Index Galileo's seclusion Renewed attacks upon Galileo--Inchofer, Fromundus
IV. Victory of the Church over Galileo
Publication of his Dialogo, Hostility of Pope Urban VIII Galileo's second trial by the Inquisition His abjuration Later persecution of him Measures to complete the destruction of the Copernican theory Persecution of Galileo's memory Protestant hostility to the new astronomy and its champions
V. Results of the Victory over Galileo.
Rejoicings of churchmen over the victory The silencing of Descartes Persecution of Campanella and of Kepler Persistence and victory of science Dilemma of the theologians Vain attempts to postpone the surrender
VI. The Retreat of the Church after its Victory over Galileo.
The easy path for the Protestant theologians The difficulties of the older Church.--The papal infallibility fully committed against the Copernican theory Attempts at evasion--first plea: that Galileo was condemned not for affirming the earth's motion, but for supporting it from Scripture Its easy refutation Second plea: that he was condemned not for heresy, but for contumacy Folly of this assertion Third plea: that it was all a quarrel between Aristotelian professors and those favouring the experimental method Fourth plea: that the condemnation of Galileo was "provisory" Fifth plea: that he was no more a victim of Catholics than of Protestants Efforts to blacken Galileo's character Efforts to suppress the documents of his trial Their fruitlessness Sixth plea: that the popes as popes had never condemned his theory Its confutation from their own mouths Abandonment of the contention by honest Catholics Two efforts at compromise--Newman, De Bonald Effect of all this on thinking men The fault not in Catholicism more than in Protestantism--not in religion, but in theology
CHAPTER IV. FROM "SIGNS AND WONDERS" TO LAW IN THE HEAVENS.
I. The Theological View.
Early beliefs as to comets, meteors, and eclipses Their inheritance by Jews and Christians The belief regarding comets especially harmful as a source of superstitious terror Its transmission through the Middle Ages Its culmination under Pope Calixtus III Beginnings of scepticism--Coperuicus, Paracelsus, Scaliger Firmness of theologians, Catholicand Protestant, in its support
II. Theological Efforts to crush the Scientific View.
The effort through the universities.--The effort through the pulpits Heerbrand at Tubingen and Dieterich at Marburg Maestlin at Heidelberg Buttner, Vossius, Torreblanca, Fromundus Father Augustin de Angelis at Rome Reinzer at Linz Celichius at Magdeburg Conrad Dieterich's sermon at Ulm Erni and others in Switzerland Comet doggerel Echoes from New England--Danforth, Morton, Increase Mather
III. The Invasion of Scepticism.
Rationalism of Cotton Mather, and its cause Blaise de Vigenere Erastus Bekker, Lubienitzky, Pierre Petit Bayle Fontenelle The scientific movement beneath all this
IV. Theological Efforts at Compromise.--The Final Victory of Science.
The admission that some comets are supralunar Difference between scientific and theological reasoning Development of the reasoning of Tycho and Kepler--Cassini, Hevel, Doerfel, Bernouilli, Newton Completion of the victory by Halley and Clairaut Survivals of the superstition--Joseph de Maistre, Forster Arago'sstatistics The theories of Whiston and Burnet, and their influence in Germany The superstition ended in America by the lectures of Winthrop Helpful influence of John Wesley Effects of the victory
CHAPTER V. FROM GENESIS TO GEOLOGY.
I. Growth of Theological Explanations
Germs of geological truth among the Greeks and Romans Attitude of the Church toward science Geological theories of the early theologians Attitude of the schoolmen Contributions of the Arabian schools Theories of the earlier Protestants Influence of the revival of learning
II. Efforts to Suppress the Scientific View.
Revival of scientific methods Buffon and the Sorbonne Beringer's treatise on fossils Protestant opposition to the new geology---the works of Burnet, Whiston, Wesley, Clark, Watson, Arnold, Cockburn, and others
III. The First Great Effort of Compromise, based on the Flood of Noah.
The theory that fossils were produced by the Deluge Its acceptance by both Catholics and Protestants--Luther, Calmet Burnet, Whiston, Woodward, Mazurier, Torrubia, Increase Mather Scheuchzer Voltaire's theory of fossils Vain efforts of enlightened churchmen in behalf of the scientific view Steady progress of science--the work of Cuvier and Brongniart Granvile Penn's opposition The defection of Buckland and Lyell to the scientific side Surrender of the theologians Remnants of the old belief Death-blow given to the traditional theory of the Deluge by the discovery of the Chaldean accounts Results of the theological opposition to science
IV. Final Efforts at Compromise--The Victory of Scienee complete.
Efforts of Carl von Raumer, Wagner, and others The new testimony of the caves and beds of drift as to the antiquity of man Gosse's effort to save the literal interpretation of Genesis Efforts of Continental theologians Gladstone's attempt at a compromise Its demolition by Huxley By Canon Driver Dean Stanley on the reconciliation of Science and Scripture
CHAPTER VI. THE ANTIQUITY OF MAN, EGYPTOLOGY, AND ASSYRIOLOGY.
I. The Sacred Chronology.
Two fields in which Science has gained a definite victory over Theology Opinious of the Church fathers on the antiquity of man The chronology of Isidore Of Bede Of the medieval Jewish scholars The views of the Reformers on the antiquity of man Of the Roman Church Of Archbishop Usher Influence of Egyptology on the belief in man's antiquity La Peyrere's theory of the Pre-Adamites Opposition in England to the new chronology
II. The New Chronology.
Influence of the new science of Egyptology on biblical chronology Manetho's history of Egypt and the new chronology derived from it Evidence of the antiquity of man furnished by the monuments of Egypt By her art By her science By other elements of civilization By the remains found in the bed of the Nile Evidence furnished by the study of Assyriology
CHAPTER VII. THE ANTIQUITY OF MAN AND PREHISTORIC ARCHAEOLOGY.
I. The Thunder-stones.
Early beliefs regarding "thunder-stones" Theories of Mercati and Tollius regarding them Their identification with the implements of prehistoric man Remains of man found in caverns Unfavourable influence on scientific activity of the political conditions of the early part of the nineteenth century Change effected by the French Revolution of to Rallying of the reactionary clerical influence against science
II. The Flint Weapons and Implements.
Boucher de Perthes's contributions to the knowledge of prehistoric man His conclusions confirmed by Lyell and others Cave explorations of Lartet and Christy Evidence of man's existence furnished by rude carvings Cave explorations in the British Islands Evidence of man's existence in the Drift period In the early Quaternary and in the Tertiary periods
CHAPTER VIII. THE "FALL OF MAN" AND ANTHROPOLOGY.
The two antagonistic views regarding the life of man on the earth The theory of "the Fall" among ancient peoples Inheritance of this view by the Christian Church Appearance among the Greeks and Romans of the theory of a rise of man Its disappearance during the Middle Ages Its development since the seventeenth century The first blow at the doctrine of "the Fall" comes from geology Influence of anthropology on the belief in this doctrine The finding of human skulls in Quaternary deposits Their significance Results obtained from the comparative study of the remains of human handiwork Discovery of human remains in shell-heaps on the shores of the Baltic Sea In peat-beds The lake-dwellers Indications of the upward direction of man's development Mr. Southall's attack on the theory of man's antiquity An answer to it Discovery of prehistoric human remains in Egypt Hamard's attack on the new scientific conclusions The survival of prehistoric implements in religious rites Strength of the argument against the theory of "the Fall of Man"
CHAPTER IX. THE "FALL OF MAN" AND ETHNOLOGY.
The beginnings of the science of Comparative Ethnology Its testimony to the upward tendency of man from low beginning Theological efforts to break its force--De Maistre and De Bonald Whately's attempt The attempt of the Duke of Argyll Evidence of man's upward tendency derived from Comparative Philology From Comparative Literature and Folklore From Comparative Ethnography From Biology
CHAPTER X. THE "FALL OF MAN" AND HISTORY.
Proof of progress given by the history of art Proofs from general history Development of civilization even under unfavourable circumstances to, Advancement even through catastrophes and the decay of civilizations Progress not confined to man's material condition Theological struggle against the new scientific view Persecution of prof. Winchell Of Dr. Woodrow Other interferences with freedom of teaching The great harm thus done to religion Rise of a better spirit The service rendered to religion by Anthropology
CHAPTER XI. FROM "THE PRINCE OF THE POWER OF THE AIR" TO METEOROLOGY.
I. Growth of a Theological Theory.
The beliefs of classical antiquity regarding storms, thunder, and lightning Development of a sacred science of meteorology by the fathers of the Church Theories of Cosmas Indicopleustes Of Isidore of Seville Of Bede Of Rabanus Maurus Rational views of Honorius of Autun Orthodox theories of John of San Geminiano Attempt of Albert the Great to reconcile the speculations of Aristotle with the theological views The monkish encyclopedists Theories regarding the rainbow and the causes of storms Meteorological phenomena attributed to the Almighty
II. Diabolical Agency in Storms.
Meteorological phenomena attributed to the devil--"the prince of the power of the air" Propagation of this belief by the medieval theologians Its transmission to both Catholics and Protestants--Eck, Luther The great work of Delrio Guacci's Compendium The employment of prayer against "the powers of the air" Of exoreisms Of fetiches and processions Of consecrated church bells
III. The Agency of Witches.
The fearful results of the witch superstition Its growth out of the doctrine of evil agency in atmospheric phenomena Archbishop Agobard's futile attempt to dispel it Its sanction by the popes Its support by confessions extracted by torture Part taken in the persecution by Dominicans and Jesuits Opponents of the witch theory--Pomponatius, Paracelsus, Agrippa of Nettesheim Jean Bodin's defence of the superstition Fate of Cornelius Loos Of Dietrich Flade Efforts of Spee to stem the persecution His posthumous influence Upholders of the orthodox view--Bishop Binsfeld, Remigius Vain protests of Wier Persecution of Bekker for opposing the popular belief Effect of the Reformation in deepening the superstition The persecution in Great Britain and America Development of a scientific view of the heavens Final efforts to revive the old belief
IV. Franklin's Lightning-Rod.
Franklin's experiments witlh the kite Their effect on the old belief Efforts at compromise between the scientific and theological theories Successful use of the lightning-rod Religious scruples against it in America In England In Austria In Italy Victory of the scientific theory This victory exemplified in the case of the church of the monastery of Lerins In the case of Dr. Moorhouse In the case of the Missouri droughts
CHAPTER XII. FROM MAGIC TO CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS.
I. The Supremacy of Magic.
Primitive tendency to belief in magic The Greek conception of natura laws Influence of Plato and Aristotle on the growth of science Effect of the establishment of Christianity on the development of the physical sciences The revival of thought in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries Albert the Great Vincent of Beauvais Thomas Aquinas Roger Bacon's beginning of the experimental method brought to nought The belief that science is futile gives place to the belief that it is dangerous The two kinds of magic Rarity of persecution for magic before the Christian era The Christian theory of devils Constantine's laws against magic Increasing terror of magic and witchcraft Papal enactments against them Persistence of the belief in magic Its effect on the development of science Roger Bacon Opposition of secular rulers to science John Baptist Porta The opposition to scientific societies in italy In England The effort to turn all thought from science to religion The development of mystic theology Its harmful influence on science Mixture of theological with scientific speculation This shown in the case of Melanchthon In that of Francis Bacon Theological theory of gases Growth of a scientific theory Basil Valentine and his contributions to chemistry Triumph of the scientific theory
II. The Triumph of Chemistry and Physics.
New epoch in chemistry begun by Boyle Attitude of the mob toward science Effect on science of the reaction following the French Revolution: Development of chemistry since the middle of the nineteenth century Development of physics Modern opposition to science in Catholic countries Attack on scientific education in France In England In Prussia Revolt against the subordination of education to science Effect of the International Exhibition of ii at London Of the endowment of State colleges in America by the Morrill Act of 1862 The results to religion
CHAPTER XIII. FROM MIRACLES TO MEDICINE.
I. THE EARLY AND SACRED THEORIES OF DISEASE.
Naturalness of the idea of supernatural intervention in causing and curing disease Prevalence of this idea in ancient civilizations Beginnings of a scientific theory of medicine The twofold influence of Christianity on the healing art
II. GROWTH OF LEGENDS OF HEALING.--THE LIFE OF XAVIER AS A TYPICAL EXAMPLE.
Growth of legends of miracles about the lives of great benefactors of humanity Sketch of Xavier's career Absence of miraculous accounts in his writings and those of his contemporaries Direct evidence that Xavier wrought no miracles Growth of legends of miracles as shown in the early biographies of him As shown in the canonization proceedings Naturalness of these legends
III. THE MEDIAEVAL MIRACLES OF HEALING CHECK MEDICAL SCIENCE.
Character of the testimony regarding miracles Connection of mediaeval with pagan miracles Their basis of fact Various kinds of miraculous cures Atmosphere of supernaturalism thrown about all cures Influence of this atmosphere on medical science
IV. THE ATTRIBUTION OF DISEASE TO SATANIC INFLUENCE.-- "PASTORAL MEDICINE" CHECKS SCIENTIFIC EFFORT.
Theological theory as to the cause of disease Influence of self-interest on "pastoral medicine" Development of fetichism at Cologne and elsewhere Other developments of fetich cure
V. THEOLOGICAL OPPOSITION TO ANATOMICAL STUDIES.
Medieval belief in the unlawfulness of meddling with the bodies of the dead Dissection objected to on the ground that "the Church abhors the shedding of blood" The decree of Boniface VIII and its results
VI. NEW BEGINNINGS OF MEDICAL SCIENCE.
Galen Scanty development of medical science in the Church Among Jews and Mohammedans Promotion of medical science by various Christian laymen of the Middle Ages By rare men of science By various ecclesiastics
VII. THEOLOGICAL DISCOURAGEMENT OF MEDICINE.
Opposition to seeking cure from disease by natural means Requirement of ecclesiastical advice before undertaking medical treatment Charge of magic and Mohammedanism against men of science Effect of ecclesiastical opposition to medicine The doctrine of signatures The doctrine of exorcism Theological opposition to surgery Development of miracle and fetich cures Fashion in pious cures Medicinal properties of sacred places Theological argument in favour of miraculous cures Prejudice against Jewish physicians
VIII. FETICH CURES UNDER PROTESTANTISM.--THE ROYAL TOUCH.
Luther's theory of disease The royal touch Cures wrought by Charles II By James II By William III By Queen Anne By Louis XIV Universal acceptance of these miracles
IX. THE SCIENTIFIC STRUGGLE FOR ANATOMY.
Occasional encouragement of medical science in the Middle Ages New impulse given by the revival of learning and the age of discovery Paracelsus and Mundinus Vesalius, the founder of the modem science of anatomy.--His career and fate
X. THEOLOGICAL OPPOSITION TO INOCULATION, VACCINATION, AND THE USE OF ANAESTHETICS.
Theological opposition to inoculation in Europe In America Theological opposition to vaccination Recent hostility to vaccination in England In Canada, during the smallpox epidemic Theological opposition to the use of cocaine To the use of quinine Theological opposition to the Use of anesthetics
XI. FINAL BREAKING AWAY OF THE THEOLOGICAL THEORY IN MEDICINE.
Changes incorporated in the American Book of Common Prayer Effect on the theological view of the growing knowledge of the relation between imagination and medicine Effect of the discoveries in hypnotism In bacteriology Relation between ascertained truth and the "ages of faith"
CHAPTER XIV. FROM FETICH TO HYGIENE.
I. THE THEOLOGICAL VIEW OF EPIDEMICS AND SANITATION.
The recurrence of great pestilences Their early ascription to the wrath or malice of unseen powers Their real cause want of hygienic precaution Theological apotheosis of filth Sanction given to the sacred theory of pestilence by Pope Gregory the Great Modes of propitiating the higher powers Modes of thwarting the powers of evil Persecution of the Jews as Satan's emissaries Persecution of witches as Satan's emissaries Case of the Untori at Milan New developments of fetichism.--The blood of St. Januarius at Naples Appearance of better methods in Italy.--In Spain
II. GRADUAL DECAY OF THEOLOGICAL VIEWS REGARDING SANITATION.
Comparative freedom of England from persecutions for plague-bringing, in spite of her wretched sanitary condition Aid sought mainly through church services Effects of the great fire in London The jail fever The work of John Howard Plagues in the American colonies In France.--The great plague at Marseilles Persistence of the old methods in Austria In Scotland
III. THE TRIUMPH OF SANITARY SCIENCE.
Difficulty of reconciling the theological theory of pestilences with accumulating facts Curious approaches to a right theory The law governing the relation of theology to disease Recent victories of hygiene in all countries In England.---Chadwick and his fellows In France
IV. THE RELATION OF SANITARY SCIENCE TO RELIGION.
The process of sanitary science not at the cost of religion Illustration from the policy of Napoleon III in France Effect of proper sanitation on epidemics in the United States Change in the attitude of the Church toward the cause and cure of pestilence
CHAPTER XV. FROM "DEMONIACAL POSSESSION" TO INSANITY.
I. THEOLOGICAL IDEAS OF LUNACY AND ITS TREATMENT.
The struggle for the scientific treatment of the insane The primitive ascription of insanity to evil spirits Better Greek and Roman theories--madness a disease The Christian Church accepts the demoniacal theory of insanity Yet for a time uses mild methods for the insane Growth of the practice of punishing the indwelling demon Two sources whence better things might have been hoped.--The reasons of their futility The growth of exorcism Use of whipping and torture The part of art and literature in making vivid to the common mind the idea of diabolic activity The effects of religious processions as a cure for mental disease Exorcism of animals possessed of demons Belief in the transformation of human beings into animals The doctrine of demoniacal possession in the Reformed Church
II. BEGINNINGS OF A HEALTHFUL SCEPTICISM.
Rivalry between Catholics and Protestants in the casting out of devils Increased belief in witchcraft during the period following the Reformation Increase of insanity during the witch persecutions Attitude of physicians toward witchcraft Religious hallucinations of the insane Theories as to the modes of diabolic entrance into the possessed Influence of monastic life on the development of insanity Protests against the theological view of insanity--Wier, Montaigue Bekker Last struggles of the old superstition
III. THE FINAL STRUGGLE AND VICTORY OF SCIENCE.--PINEL AND TUKE.
Influence of French philosophy on the belief in demoniacal possession Reactionary influence of John Wesley Progress of scientific ideas in Prussia In Austria In America In South Germany General indifference toward the sufferings of madmen The beginnings of a more humane treatment Jean Baptiste Pinel Improvement in the treatment of the insane in England.--William Tuke The place of Pinel and Tuke in history
CHAPTER XVI. FROM DIABOLISM TO HYSTERIA.
I. THE EPIDEMICS OF "POSSESSION."
Survival of the belief in diabolic activity as the cause of such epidemics Epidemics of hysteria in classical times In the Middle Ages The dancing mania Inability of science during the fifteenth century to cope with such diseases Cases of possession brought within the scope of medical research during the sixteenth century Dying-out of this form of mental disease in northern Europe In Italy Epidemics of hysteria in the convents The case of Martha Brossier Revival in France of belief in diabolic influence The Ursulines of Loudun and Urbain Grandier Possession among the Huguenots In New England.--The Salem witch persecution At Paris.--Alleged miracles at the grave of Archdeacon Paris In Germany.--Case of Maria Renata Sanger More recent outbreaks
II. BEGINNINGS OF HELPFUL SCEPTICISM.
Outbreaks of hysteria in factories and hospitals In places of religious excitement The case at Morzine Similar cases among Protestants and in Africa
III. THEOLOGICAL "RESTATEMENTS."--FINAL TRIUMPH OF THE SCIENTIFIC VIEW AND METHODS.
Successful dealings of medical science with mental diseases Attempts to give a scientific turn to the theory of diabolic agency in disease Last great demonstration of the old belief in England Final triumph of science in the latter half of the present century Last echoes of the old belief
CHAPTER XVII. FROM BABEL TO COMPARATIVE PHILOLOGY.
I. THE SACRED THEORY IN ITS FIRST FORM.
Difference of the history of Comparative Philology from that of other sciences as regards the attitude of theologians Curiosity of early man regarding the origin, the primitive form, and the diversity of language The Hebrew answer to these questions The legend of the Tower of Babel The real reason for the building of towers by the Chaldeans and the causes of their ruin Other legends of a confusion of tongues Influence upon Christendom of the Hebrew legends Lucretius's theory of the origin of language The teachings of the Church fathers on this subject The controversy as to the divine origin of the Hebrew vowel points Attitude of the reformers toward this question Of Catholic scholars.--Marini Capellus and his adversaries The treatise of Danzius
II. THE SACRED THEORY OF LANGUAGE IN ITS SECOND FORM.
Theological theory that Hebrew was the primitive tongue, divinely revealed This theory supported by all Christian scholars until the beginning of the eighteenth century Diasent of Prideaux and Cotton Mather Apparent strength of the sacred theory of language
III. BREAKING DOWN OF THE THEOLOGICAL VIEW.
Reason for the Church's ready acceptance of the conclusions of comparative philology Beginnings of a scientific theory of language Hottinger Leibnitz The collections of Catharine the Great, of Hervas, and of Adelung Chaotic period in philology between Leibnitz and the beginning of the study of Sanskrit Illustration from the successive editions of the Encyclopaedia Britannica
IV. TRIUMPH OF THE NEW SCIENCE.
Effect of the discovery of Sanskrit on the old theory Attempts to discredit the new learning General acceptance of the new theory Destruction of the belief that all created things were first named by Adam Of the belief in the divine origin of letters Attempts in England to support the old theory of language Progress of philological science in France In Germany In Great Britain Recent absurd attempts to prove Hebrew the primitive tongue
Gradual disappearance of the old theories regarding the origin of speech and writing Full acceptance of the new theories by all Christian scholars The result to religion, and to the Bible
CHAPTER XVIII. FROM THE DEAD SEA LEGENDS TO COMPARATIVE MYTHOLOGY,
I. THE GROWTH OF EXPLANATORY TRANSFORMATION MYTHS.
Growth of myths to account for remarkable appearances in Nature--mountains. rocks, curiously marked stones, fossils, products of volcanicaction Myths of the transformation of living beings into natural objects Development of the science of Comparative Mythology
II. MEDIAEVAL GROWTH OF THE DEAD SEA LEGENDS.
Description of the Dead Sea Impression made by its peculiar features on the early dwellers in Palestine Reasons for selecting the Dead Sea myths for study Naturalness of the growth of legend regarding the salt region of Usdum Universal belief in these legends Concurrent testimony of early and mediaeval writers, Jewish and Christian, respecting the existence of Lot's wife as a "pillar of salt," and of the other wonders of the Dead Sea Discrepancies in the various accounts and theological explanations of them Theological arguments respecting the statue of Lot's wife Growth of the legend in the sixteenth century
III. POST-REFORMATION CULMINATION OF THE DEAD SEA LEGENDS.--BEGINNINGS OF A HEALTHFUL SCEPTICISM.
Popularization of the older legends at the Reformation Growth of new myths among scholars Signs of scepticism among travellers near the end of the sixteenth century Effort of Quaresmio to check this tendency Of Eugene Roger Of Wedelius Influence of these teachings Renewed scepticism--the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries Efforts of Briemle and Masius in support of the old myths Their influence The travels of Mariti and of Volney Influence of scientific thought on the Dead Sea legends during the eighteenth century Reactionary efforts of Chateaubriand Investigations of the naturalist Seetzen Of Dr. Robinson The expedition of Lieutenant Lynch The investigations of De Saulcy Of the Duc de Luynes.--Lartet's report Summary of the investigations of the nineteenth century.--Ritter's verdict
IV. THEOLOGICAL EFFORTS AT COMPROMISE.-- TRIUMPH OF THE SCIENTIFIC VIEW.
Attempts to reconcile scientific facts with the Dead Sea legends Van de Velde's investigations of the Dead Sea region Canon Tristram's Mgr. Mislin's protests against the growing rationalism The work of Schaff and Osborn Acceptance of the scientific view by leaders in the Church Dr. Geikie's ascription of the myths to the Arabs Mgr. Haussmann de Wandelburg and.his rejection of the scientific view Service of theologians to religion in accepting the conclusions of silence in this field
CHAPTER XIX. FROM LEVITICUS TO POLITICAL ECONOMY
I. ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OF HOSTILITY TO LOANS AT INTEREST.
Universal belief in the sin of loaning money at interest The taking of interest among the Greeks and Romans Opposition of leaders of thought, especially Aristotle Condemnation of the practice by the Old and New Testaments By the Church fathers In ecclesiastical and secular legislation Exception sometimes made in behalf of the Jews Hostility of the pulpit Of the canon law Evil results of the prohibition of loans at interest Efforts to induce the Church to change her position Theological evasions of the rule Attitude of the Reformers toward the taking of interest Struggle in England for recognition of the right to accept interest Invention of a distinction between usury and interest
II. RETREAT OF THE CHURCH, PROTESTANT AND CATHOLIC.
Sir Robert Filmer's attack on the old doctrine Retreat of the Protestant Church in Holland In Germany and America Difficulties in the way of compromise in the Catholic Church Failure of such attempts in France Theoretical condemnation of usury in Italy Disregard of all restrictions in practice Attempts of Escobar and Liguori to reconcile the taking of interest with the teachings of the Church Montesquieu's attack on the old theory Encyclical of Benedict XIV permitting the taking of interest Similar decision of the Inquisition at Rome Final retreat of the Catholic Church Curious dealings of theology with public economy in other fields
CHAPTER XX. FROM THE DIVINE ORACLES TO THE HIGHER CRITICISM.
I. THE OLDER INTERPRETATION.
Character of the great sacred books of the world General laws governing the development and influence of sacred literature.--The law of its origin Legends concerning the Septuagint The law of wills and causes The law of inerrancy Hostility to the revision of King James's translation of the Bible The law of unity Working of these laws seen in the great rabbinical schools The law of allegorical interpretation Philo Judaeus Justin Martyr and Clement of Alexandria Occult significance of numbers Origen Hilary of Poitiers and Jerome Augustine Gregory the Great Vain attempts to check the flood of allegorical interpretations Bede.--Savonarola Methods of modern criticism for the first time employed by Lorenzo Valla Erasmus Influence of the Reformation on the belief in the infallibility of the sacred books.--Luther and Melanchthon Development of scholasticism in the Reformed Church Catholic belief in the inspiration of the Vulgate Opposition in Russia to the revision of the Slavonic Scriptures Sir Isaac Newton as a commentator Scriptural interpretation at the beginning of the eighteenth century
II. BEGINNINGS OF SCIENTIFIC INTERPRETATION.
Theological beliefs regarding the Pentateuch The book of Genesis Doubt thrown on the sacred theory by Aben Ezra By Carlstadt and Maes Influence of the discovery that the Isidorian Decretals were forgeries That the writings ascribed to Dionysius the Areopagite were serious Hobbes and La Peyrere Spinoza Progress of biblical criticism in France.--Richard Simon LeClerc Bishop Lowth Astruc Eichhorn's application of the "higher criticism" to biblical research Isenbiehl Herder Alexander Geddes Opposition to the higher criticism in Germany Hupfeld Vatke and Reuss Kuenen Wellhausen
III. THE CONTINUED GROWTH OF SCIENTIFIC INTERPRETATION.
Progress of the higher criticism in Germany and Holland Opposition to it in England At the University of Oxford Pusey Bentley Wolf Niebuhr and Arnold Milman Thirlwall and Grote The publication of Essays and Reviews, and the storm raised by book
IV. THE CLOSING STRUGGLE.
Colenso's work on the Pentateuch The persecution of him Bishop Wilberforce's part in it Dean Stanley's Bishop Thirlwall's Results of Colenso's work Sanday's Bampton Lectures Keble College and Lux Mundi Progress of biblical criticism among the dissenters In France.--Renan In the Roman Catholic Church The encyclical letter of Pope Leo XIII In America.--Theodore Parker Apparent strength of the old theory of inspiration Real strength of the new movement
V. VICTORY OF THE SCIENTIFIC AND LITERARY METHODS.
Confirmation of the conclusions of the higher criticism by Assyriology and Egyptology Light thrown upon Hebrew religion by the translation of the sacred books of the East The influence of Persian thought.--The work of the Rev. Dr. Mills The influence of Indian thought.--Light thrown by the study of Brahmanism and Buddhism The work of Fathers Huc and Gabet Discovery that Buddha himself had been canonized as a Christian saint Similarity between the ideas and legends of Buddhism and those of Christianity The application of the higher criticism to the New Testament The English "Revised Version" of Studies on the formation of the canon of Scripture Recognition of the laws governing its development Change in the spirit of the controversy over the higher criticism
VI. RECONSTRUCTIVE FORCE OF SCIENTIFIC CRITICISM.
Development of a scientific atmosphere during the last three centuries Action of modern science in reconstruction of religious truth Change wrought by it in the conception of a sacred literature Of the Divine Power.--Of man.---Of the world at large Of our Bible | <urn:uuid:5baf1218-3f64-4b11-acf2-8ad5004505fc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://defendgaia.org/bobk/whitewtc.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571190.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810131127-20220810161127-00067.warc.gz | en | 0.912956 | 11,824 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Neil Armstrong: First Man on the Moon Dead
The First Man on the Moon has passed away. Neil Armstrong has died at the age of 82. As the leader of the Apollo 11 crew, Armstrong was the man to set foot on the moon. On July 20, 1969 he spoke the now legendary words, “That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.”He died just a few weeks after undergoing heart surgery. He had the procedure to address a blocked coronary artery.
According to NASA’s official government website, Armstrong was a “reluctant American hero who always believed he was just doing his job.” In addition to being an astronaut, he was a navy fighter pilot who flew 78 combat missions during the Korean War.
Armstrong’s family released a statement after the news of his death, making a simple request for those wanting to honor the astronaut’s legendary life.
Honor his example of service, accomplishment and modesty, and the next time you walk outside on a clear night and see the moon smiling down at you, think of Neil Armstrong and give him a wink.
Watch Video of the Apollo 11 Landing on the Moon’s Surface
Subscribe to B98.5 on | <urn:uuid:6eff87cb-ccb4-4b3d-a65e-9d8962cfd8fc> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://b985.fm/neil-armstrong-first-man-on-the-moon-dead/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00301-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973486 | 260 | 2.734375 | 3 |
The innovative Portland filmmaker Will Vinton, best known for his iconic work with stop-motion animation, died on Thursday, October 5, at the age of 70, following a 12-year battle with multiple myeloma. Vinton was the first Oregonian to win an Oscar, and his company, Will Vinton Studios, served as a laboratory, training ground, and creativity magnet for a generation of Portland artists. His legacy survives today in the form of Laika Studios, which has taken stop-motion work to new technological and commercial heights, though not without some controversy along the way. I never had a chance to meet Vinton more than in passing, but if the testimonials and condolences that have emerged over the last few days are anything to go by, his was a genuinely generous soul. His bald head, bushy handlebar mustache, and twinkling eyes denoted a spirit that was independent, mischievous, and bold, even while working in the potentially stifling world of corporate advertising.
The individual personalities of each of the California Raisins, the in-your-face anarchy of The Noid, and the wistful moments of confused awe experienced by the drunk museum-goer in “Closed Mondays” all seem to stem from an aspect of Vinton himself. Even after his creations became nationwide obsessions, and when his company’s landmark headquarters in Northwest Portland buzzed with activity, there was always the feeling that the work that emerged sprang, at its core, from one especially fertile brain. Needless to say, that’s not the impression one gets, for better or for worse, from the vast majority of the animation on movie screens today. (Television may be another matter.)
Vinton was born in McMinnville, but after obtaining an architecture degree from the University of California at Berkeley, he moved back to Portland and convinced classmate Bob Gardiner to join him. The two began experimenting with Claymation techniques in Vinton’s basement. Of course, this was years before Britain’s Aardman Animations produced the “Wallace and Gromit” shorts, and the most famous examples of Claymation at the time were children’s TV shows like “Gumby” and “Davey and Goliath.”
Vinton and Gardiner had more highbrow aspirations, and wanted to make a short film about a man visiting an art museum. They had difficulty achieving smooth motion, but came to an ingenious solution: their protagonist, they decided, was drunk. (Inebriation could also explain the way the museum’s works come to life for this soused, inadvertent patron in a series of trippy metamorphoses.)
“Closed Mondays,” was, famously, rejected from the inaugural Northwest Filmmakers Festival. (Vinton would make his debut at the fest the following year with the documentary “Gone for a Better Deal.”) It did screen in a Los Angeles theater, which made it eligible for Academy Award consideration. The rest is animation history: the first Claymation movie ever nominated for an Oscar ended up winning, and Vinton’s name was established in the biz. (Gardiner’s career in animation did not flourish as Vinton’s did, and he died in 2005 at the age of 54.)
The bread-and-butter of Will Vinton Studios’ work over the next couple of decades was TV commercial gigs. The California Raisin Advisory Board earned its place in pop-culture history by commissioning an ad wherein a quartet of raisins sang the Motown classic “I Heard It Through the Grapevine.” Premiering in 1986, the first California Raisins commercial was dubbed the 15th best TV spot of all time in a 1997 Entertainment Weekly ranking. The characters’ popularity spurred a half-hour Claymation mockumentary “Meet the Raisins” (and a sequel!), a Saturday-morning cel-animated cartoon series, four record albums, a slew of merchandise, and even a video game (which, sadly, was never officially released).
At the same time, Vinton’s artistic ambitions remained undimmed. Perhaps his crowning achievement was the feature-length 1985 film “The Adventures of Mark Twain,” which put Claymation versions of the author and three of his fictional creations on a steampunk-style airship trying to chase down Halley’s Comet. The idea sounds ludicrous on its face, but it provides an excuse for a series of charming vignettes based on Twain’s work. Visually, “Twain” can’t compare in slickness to something like “Kubo and the Two Strings,” but remember: everything in this movie is made of hand-molded clay. As a work of artisanal animation, it’s on a par with the single-handed moviemaking of fellow Portlander Bill Plympton (“The Tune”). As a work of imagination, it’s unique.
In the wake of Raisin-mania, and flush with the attendant cash, Will Vinton Studios pursued a plethora of projects. Vinton has admitted that the company’s fiscal discipline left something to be desired in these years. The pursuit of artistic freedom took a company that employed at its peak several hundred people and had reported revenues of $28 million per year to the brink of disaster. There were more commercial projects, including the design of a character called “The Noid” who served as a foil for the Domino’s Pizza delivery chain. This abrasive figure, clad in a skin-tight red jumpsuit, served as a manifestation of all the hazards that could befall a pizza en route to its delivery to a customer. The Noid, it turned out, annoyed many commercial viewers, and in one bizarre incident, a mentally ill Georgian named Kenneth Noid took such offense that he held two Domino’s employees hostage at gunpoint for a $100,000 ransom. (The incident was resolved peacefully).
Vinton Studios’ last high-visibility project was the Eddie Murphy-produced half-hour TV series “The PJs,” which ran for three seasons on Fox, and then the WB, from 1999-2001. The show was part of the trend toward more adult-themed TV animation, which began with “The Simpsons,” continued with “King of the Hill,” and has exploded into “South Park,” “Bob’s Burgers,” “Bojack Horseman,” and dozens, if not hundreds of others today.
Set in an urban public housing project modeled after Chicago’s Cabrini Green, “The PJs” centered on the complex’s inept but ultimately well-meaning superintendent, voiced (most of the time, at least) by Murphy. With its ghetto backdrop and Murphy’s involvement, criticism that the show trafficked in racial stereotypes was probably inevitable, but reviews consistently praised its look, which was obtained through a process Vinton dubbed “foamation.” (Essentially, the characters were crafted from latex foam rather than clay, allowing for more stability in their shapes and movements.)
“The PJs” won three Emmy awards, but high ratings proved elusive and high production costs proved persistent, which led to eventual cancellation. The combination of top-notch workmanship and underwhelming financial returns was an overly familiar one for the company by this point. The year before the show debuted, Nike co-founder Phil Knight had purchased a stake in Will Vinton Studios, and reportedly began instituting fiscal discipline while suggesting that Vinton hire his son Travis as an animator.
By 2003, Knight had complete control of the company, and Vinton was out. It was a rocky end to what had been a hive of creativity, and a rocky beginning to what would eventually become Laika Entertainment, an animation powerhouse that achieved instant credibility with the 2009 release of “Coraline.” For the last decade, Laika’s output had been generally well-reviewed, but had nonetheless struggled at times to find box-office footing in an animation marketplace still dominated by the Disney-Pixar monolith. Some things never change.
In retrospect, and without dissing the fine work that Laika has produced, one wonders if the ouster of Vinton by Knight fifteen years ago was one of the first fault lines to crack the pedestal that Portland had been putting itself on during the 1990s. Sure, it was still a few years before “Portlandia,” skyrocketing rents, and police brutality (among other things) would solidify the notion that the city had jumped the shark. But there was something about Vinton that recalled the loose, unpretentious style of mayor Bud Clark, and it wasn’t just his predilection for distinctive facial hair. He was an artisan, not a technocrat; a visionary, not a bean-counter; a maker, not a buyer.
More specifically, he made Portland into a city with more independent animators per capita than any other in America. (I actually don’t know if that’s true, but it seems like it could be.) Joan Gratz, Joanna Priestley, and Chel White are among the countless filmmakers in the Portland community and beyond who were directly employed and/or inspired by Vinton. And it’s anyone’s guess how many viewers of Vinton’s visions were nudged toward trying their own hand at some form of imaginative creation or another. Vinton’s work was alchemy—transmuting the base material of clay into living art, and the tagline of a prospective forthcoming documentary on his life, “Welcome to My Daydream,” gets it right: “Life is what you make it.”
(The Hollywood Theatre in Northeast Portland has hastily organized a Will Vinton tribute screening on Sunday, October 15, featuring both “Closed Mondays” and “The Adventures of Mark Twain.” Details can be found here.) | <urn:uuid:c6be7258-08fd-481d-a187-2a1a30660985> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.orartswatch.org/will-vinton-1947-2018-an-appreciation/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.971935 | 2,144 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Boeing Co. is stopping deliveries of the 787 until the plane's electrical system is fixed.
Boeing says production is not stopping. The plane is assembled in Everett, Wash., and North Charleston, S.C. out of pieces built all over the world.
The Federal Aviation Administration has grounded the 787s currently in use until Boeing can prove the batteries are safe.
The FAA's emergency airworthiness directive issued late Wednesday said the 787's battery system would need to be modified, "or other actions" taken, under a method approved by the FAA. However, the agency has not said what those actions should be.
Boeing said deliveries are stopped until an FAA-approved fix has been carried out. The FAA has said it is working on a fix but it has not said how long it will take.
Boeing's move is not surprising. Many experts had suspected that airlines would not accept new 787s from the company until the FAA directive was carried out.
Boeing hasn't delivered a 787 since one went to Air India in early January, before a battery fire raised concerns about the plane's safety. Boeing has said no other deliveries were planned during that time.
A lithium ion battery caught fire on a parked Japan Airlines 787 on Jan. 7. That fire prompted federal investigations, including a potentially broad FAA look at the plane's electrical design and manufacturing.
This week the battery on an All Nippon Airways 787 overheated in flight, prompting an emergency landing. That caused the Japanese airlines to voluntarily ground their planes, followed by the FAA order later the same day.
Boeing shares fell 22 cents to close at $75.04 before the delivery announcement was made. They dropped another 14 cents in after-market trading. | <urn:uuid:20e70f55-bb2a-427c-b55b-8a06588c70da> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.yahoo.com/news/boeing-halts-787-deliveries-until-223940614.html?ref=gs | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00573-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971093 | 368 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Boosting the Web: Fiber Optic Cables and the Speed of Light
Anyone who survived high school physics class will probably recall silly posters on the wall postulating the Speed of Light, “c”, as a speed limit—as SiliconANGLE’s Mark Hopkins says, “299,792,458 metres per second. IT’S THE LAW.” Information is channeled across fiber optic cables using light, which means that for any single bit of information we’re bottlenecked by that speed limit, however, no current cable reaches the actual full speed of light in a vacuum because fiber optic cables are not empty…
So, when Denton Gentry over at the Geekhold blog Coding Relic suggests that we “increase the speed of light” he doesn’t mean that we attempt to change the apparently immutable laws of physics—he wants us to change the fiber optic medium so that it doesn’t impede light traffic as much.
100 Gigabit Ethernet is nearly done, with products already available on the market. Research into technologies for Terabit links is ramping up now, including one at UCSB which triggered this musing. Dan Blumenthal, a UCSB professor involved in the effort, said that new materials for the fiber optics might be considered: “We won’t start out with that, but it’ll move in that direction,”(quoting from Light Reading).
Fiber with a 10% lower refractive index would increase the speed of light in the medium by 10%. It would decrease the round trip time across the Pacific from ~100 msec to ~90 msec. One of my favorite Star Trek lines is from Déjà Q, a casual suggestion to “Change the gravitational constant of the universe.” This is a case where we can make the web faster by changing the speed of light, though we need only do so within fiber optic cables and not the entire universe.
Right now, talking to Japan from the US will be a little bit slower than talking to California from Arizona—distance is a factor—but as materials science gets better and better we should be able to produce cables that will allow light to travel faster across the Pacific. Even an 10-percent increase will produce a dramatic effect on the amount of bandwidth that can be pressed through those cables.
It’s either we work on making our communication faster, little by little, with the technology we have.
Or we develop an ansible and call the whole thing off. (With all due credit to Orson Scott Card and Ursula K. Le Guin.) I am guessing we’ll go the conventional route, although the science fiction nerds in all of us will continue to drool at the idea of instant communication.
A message from John Furrier, co-founder of SiliconANGLE:
Show your support for our mission by joining our Cube Club and Cube Event Community of experts. Join the community that includes Amazon Web Services and Amazon.com CEO Andy Jassy, Dell Technologies founder and CEO Michael Dell, Intel CEO Pat Gelsinger and many more luminaries and experts.
We really want to hear from you, and we’re looking forward to seeing you at the event and in theCUBE Club. | <urn:uuid:8cbb6eed-4604-40ff-89a6-a0f8bff75188> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://siliconangle.com/2010/10/28/boosting-the-web-fiber-optic-cables-and-the-speed-of-light/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.93068 | 679 | 3.125 | 3 |
In this House Works, Moms Everyday blogger, Alison Bickel, has some ideas on how to spruce up your kid's lunch if you're packing it at home.
Alison suggests using different containers, getting away from the ziplock baggies. Also, she says use foods the kids will eat, even leftovers are good. You can freeze a yogurt container; it will act as an ice pack so you don't have to put another ice pack in the lunch. The yogurt will be thawed by lunchtime, too.
And to keep hot food hot in a thermos, first put in some boiling water. Then pour the boiling water out, and put the hot food in. The hot food should then stay hot until lunch.
To see Alison Bickel's blog, This Homemade Life, click here. | <urn:uuid:50cede5a-0b81-4ede-aea5-d8b5c3a86988> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.momseveryday.com/home/more/misc/House-Works-School-Lunches-218895871.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00408-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935791 | 173 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Free solar panels in York.
12:01am 8th August 2011
Thousands of council homes set to receive free solar power
Up to 3,000 council households in York could be amongst the first in the UK to benefit from a large scheme to bring solar panels to homes in the city.
City of York Council is to access funding made available through the governments the Feed in Tariff (FiT), through a partner agency EM Power, to enable solar panels to be installed on council owned properties to help significantly reduce tenants' fuel bills.
The Feed in Tariff (FiT government funding) was introduced nationally on April 1 2010 and will pay for the scheme and provide the council with a valuable long-term income stream, helping to facilitate new environmental projects within local communities.
Initial surveys have already been carried out to determine which properties could be eligible for the solar panels and includes houses that have a correct angled roof and face in the right position.
Approximately 3,000 council households in York have been identified as eligible and as a result will receive a letter this week inviting them to attend a number of events to explain how the solar panels work and how they could benefit from this scheme.
Cllr Tracey Simpson-Laing, cabinet member for Health, Housing and Adult Social Services, at City of York Council, said:
"This is a fantastic opportunity for tenants and one which I fully support. I would encourage tenants who live in homes which are suitable to participate as there's no cost to them or the council.
"Tenants will have a choice as to whether or not they would like to have the solar panels installed and the installation will only take a couple days on each property with minimal disturbance, so they don't have to leave their homes whilst the panels are being fitted.
"Ultimately though this is about helping tenants to save money by cutting down on their electricity bills, and solar power generates about 40% of all energy used so this could really lead to some dramatic savings."
Yorkshire based Community Energy Solutions (CES) has been appointed to project mange the scheme and Empower Community (EC) will install the panels.
The solar panels convert sunlight into zero carbon electricity, which can be used directly in the property, with any surplus being exported back to the National Grid.
A number of Solar Panel Programme Open Days will be taking place across the city to advise tenants of what they need to do next.
A company called MITIE will also be in contacting tenants shortly to arrange for a survey of the property between now and the end of January 2012.
If anyone has any questions about solar panels and how they work they can call the Yorkshire Energy Partnership who work in partnership with City of York Council to deliver expert energy efficiency advice on 01904 554406.
Tenants are advised to attend the Solar Panel Programme Open Days on:
DATE TIME VENUE
Sat 6th Aug 10am - 12noon Tang Hall Community Centre
Tues 9th Aug 5.30pm - 7.30pm The Guildhall
Weds 10th Aug 5.30pm - 7.30pm Sanderson Court Community House
Thur 11th Aug 5.30pm - 7.30pm Bell Farm Social Hall
Sat 13th Aug 10am - 12noon Burton Stone Community Centre
Tues 16th Aug 5.30pm - 7.30pm Foxwood Community Centre
Wed 17th Aug 5.30pm - 7.30pm Burton Stone Community Centre
Thur 18th Aug 5.30pm - 7.30pm Tang Hall Library
Sat 20th Aug 10am - 12noon Acomb Explore
Although approximately 3,000 homes have been primarily identified as eligible, its likely 30 per cent of those will not be suitable when a more in-depth survey is carried out by MITIE
The aim is for the solar systems to be installed between September and March 2012.
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Sign up now for our email updates. | <urn:uuid:c6309c86-5b0b-492a-860e-dcd6eff6554d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.minsterfm.com/news/local/482846/free-solar-panels-in-york/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00005-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953294 | 821 | 1.960938 | 2 |
What is Destination: Home?
The original publication “Destination: Home–a Ten-Year Journey to End Homelessness in Evansville and Vanderburgh County” was the result of a two-year collaborative effort involving over 200 individuals. The report looked to a future in which homelessness no longer has a place on our list of acceptable evils.
On any given night, it was identified that nearly 400 individuals are housed in our emergency shelters and transitional housing programs. Over a third of them are under the age of 18.
The original ten-year plan established the parameters for ending homelessness in our community by addressing both the root causes and the effects of homelessness.
Like many other communities across the nation, we have sought to identify core issues and develop strategies to address them.
If we are to develop effective means of addressing homelessness, we must first assess the factors that lead to homelessness in our community through the development of a comprehensive data-gathering and evaluation system.
We must then address the identified issues head-on and develop strategies that effectively close the front door to homelessness. We can do this by clearly identifying the individuals most at-risk for homelessness and developing services that address the gaps between personal income and expenses that result in the loss of housing.
For those who are already homeless, our task is to open the back door and establish them in permanent housing. This can be accomplished by changing our perspective on the delivery of services. Stable housing itself is often key to the success of the services that will equip people to build a secure future. Rather than allocate services only to those who are classified homeless, the creation of supportive housing units will allow individuals and families to continue to receive the services they need while they have the security of living in their own apartment or house.
To accomplish this goal, we must build the infrastructure of our community in ways that recognize the key role of secure and affordable housing and the necessity of incomes that match the cost of living in Vanderburgh County, and facilitate access to existing services that both prevent and address homelessness.
The success of this plan also depends upon increasing public awareness of the solutions to homelessness and the ways we can all work together to build a community where each of us finds secure and affordable housing.
As the result of a two-year collaborative effort involving over 200 individuals, Destination: Home establishes the parameters for ending homelessness in our community by addressing both the root causes and the effects of homelessness.
Evansville and Vanderburgh County joined over 325 communities in planning to end homelessness not just continuing to manage the issues through crisis and emergency approaches. Destination :Home was released to the community in December 2004 and implementation began in 2005.
In 2011, the Commission on Homelessness decided to review the plan given it was eight years old and we were coming out of a recession. A request for proposal was issued and the Corporation for Supportive Housing (CSH) was awarded the contract to help the community review and refine the plan using a charrette model. In May of 2012, over 100 local residents participated with 38 local and national experts and 6 CHS staff to create 116 recommendations. Many of the recommendations supported the existing strategies with an added focus on community awareness, facilitation infrastructure and advocacy.
The United States Federal Interagency Council on Homelessness released a corresponding plan to prevent and end homelessness called Opening Doors on June 22, 2010.
The Plan is focused on four key goals:
- Finish the job of ending chronic homelessness in five years
- Prevent and end homelessness among Veterans in five years
- Prevent and end homelessness for families, youth and children in ten years
- Set a path to ending all types of homelessness
Many of our local strategies align with the federal goals and objectives. | <urn:uuid:b904055d-4b8d-4c29-bf7c-f6241491bdce> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://evansvillehomeless.org/about/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.956626 | 756 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Raising livestock and growing crops – a course that delivers a great mix
Traditionally, a wide range of crops and livestock were reared on every farm to spread the risk of any one crop or product failing. In addition, each part of the system also supported the others, for example manure from livestock was used to maintain soil fertility, and feed crops could be grown as part of an arable rotation, breaking pest/disease cycles naturally – leading to a particularly sustainable form of farming. This course gives learners a solid understanding of the principles and practices of mixed livestock and crop production. It is suitable for those wishing to change to an agricultural career (especially if interested in mixed farming), those already working in the industry, and also leisure learners with a keen interest in farming. You will learn about dairy, beef, sheep, pigs, arable, grassland and root crop farming, as well as exploring related topics like farm planning, animal welfare, grazing systems and weed/pest control. This course can provide a route into a farming career or a foundation for further training.
Your first set of course materials will be sent to you when you enrol. You can start as soon as you want and progress through the course at your own pace, studying when and where you choose.
This flexibility makes it easy to fit learning around work and family commitments.
The extensive course materials have been developed by farming experts and are clear and straightforward, so your studying is easy and enjoyable. As you complete each lesson, your tutor will promptly return your marked assignment with constructive feedback and guidance. (You can also contact your tutor or the support team for help at any point during your studies.)
The course includes all the required study materials.
There is no formal examination. On successful completion you will be awarded an HCC Certificate. You have 2 years to complete the course.
We are proud of our friendly, caring ethos and aim to do all we can to help you succeed.
Our tutors are all experienced, highly qualified and passionate about sharing their love of their subject. You can phone or email your tutor throughout the course – to ask questions, for advice, encouragement or to draw on their wealth of knowledge.
You can also contact the support team who are here to help you Monday to Friday, 9am to 5pm.
Lesson 1 Introduction – Principles of farming
Lesson 2 – Principles of livestock management
PART ONE: ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, BREEDING AND WELFARE
PART TWO: HEALTH AND FEEDING
Lesson 3 – Principles of cropping
Lesson 4 – Grassland and forage crops
Lesson 5 – Arable crops
Lesson 6 – Management of cattle
Lesson 7 – Management of dairy cattle
Lesson 8 – Management of sheep
Lesson 9 – Management of beef
Lesson 10 – Management of pigs
If needed you have 2 years to complete the course. Many students are able to complete this course in approximately 6-12 months*.
*Timescales are approximate and depend upon application and motivation.
There are no exams. On successful completion of this course you will receive an HCC Certificate*, graded to show the standard you have reached. The HCC’s reputation means this can be highly regarded on a CV and, combined with your portfolio of coursework, is evidence of your achievements (whether you are applying for a job or a more advanced study course).
* The HCC Certificate will be issued once you have successfully completed your course and finished your course payments.
You do not need previous farming knowledge or experience to enrol on this course | <urn:uuid:83bc1cd4-804b-4c17-8008-7915373a6ac4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hccollege.co.uk/index.php/course/mixed-farming | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.946696 | 743 | 3.546875 | 4 |
Forest Officials Plan Burn Near Salt Springs Reservoir
Calaveras County, CA — Calaveras Ranger District officials say an underburn set to ignite this week may be visible from Highway 4 and nearby communities.
The Stanislaus National Forest’s prescribed Moore-Bellfour Underburn, which may involve 300 to 800 acres, is described as a project area located along Forest Road 7N09/Cabbage Patch Road, south of Salt Springs Reservoir.
Officials say fire managers are working closely with local air districts and the California Air Resources Board to mitigate the effects of smoke on the public. The underburn may begin as early as Thursday and will continue in blocks through fall as long as conditions such as weather, fuel moisture, and air quality allow.
As the project as a planned burn, residents and visitors are asked not to report it as a wildfire.
Forest officials explain that prescribed low-intensity fires, such as this one, enhance wildlife habitat, protect and maintain water quality and soil productivity, improve forest ecosystem health, and reduce the threat of uncontrolled conflagrations. They point out that the Sierra Nevada is a fire-dependent ecosystem, where fire is a critical part of the natural forest process and helps to maintain resilient forests. The public benefits of the burns described as an effective, cost-efficient method of reducing the buildup of flammable forest fuels, reducing the threat of large and damaging wildland fires, and improving firefighting capabilities. | <urn:uuid:27872afc-29fb-4e1b-a9b8-2dcada50b00b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mymotherlode.com/news/local/848268/forest-officials-plan-burn-near-salt-springs-reservoir.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.941466 | 296 | 2.28125 | 2 |
If you are new to orchids, you may be wondering about orchids and their blooms. Specifically, you may wonder how often orchids bloom, when they bloom, and what an orchid might need in order to bloom and rebloom.
In general, most healthy orchids bloom just once a year, but this will vary according to species. Also, depending on the orchid species, an orchid will stay in bloom anywhere from a week to several months.
Orchids are unlike many other plants. When their flowers are in bloom, they stay blooming for weeks at a time. However, when those flowers fall off, new orchid growers may be wondering what to do with an orchid after it has lost its flowers. What happens next? Will your orchid bloom again and when?
In this article, I’ll go over how often orchids bloom in more detail, including when an orchid’s blooming season occurs. I’ll also answer top questions about how often orchids bloom indoors and how to to increase your orchid’s chances of reblooming. Keep reading to learn more.
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Table of Contents
How Often Do Orchids Bloom Indoors?
This may come as a surprise to you, but indoor orchids bloom at the same frequency as outdoor orchids. With proper care, you can expect a healthy orchid will bloom once a year. Happy, healthy orchids may bloom twice a year on their own, but this is not common and you should not expect this.
Blooming frequency will also vary according to species. Phalaenospsis orchids, one of the most popular orchids sold today, usually bloom just once a year, whether they are indoors or outdoors. Cymbidium orchids also bloom just once a year. Vanda orchids, on the other hand, may bloom 2-3 times per year.
Of note, younger orchid plants tend to produce less flowers than an older, more established orchid. The flowers blooming on a younger orchid will also be smaller. This is because younger orchid plants tend to be smaller as a whole. As you may imagine, older orchid plants are also generally larger in size.
When Do Orchids Bloom?
Blooming season for most orchids typically occurs in the late winter and early spring months. Here in the United States, this would be late January to early April.
However, this is not a hard and fast rule. While most orchids will naturally bloom during late winter or early spring, they can also be forced to bloom “out of season.”
How Do Orchids Bloom “Out Of Season”?
First, let’s define what it means to bloom “out of season.” An orchid’s natural blooming cycle normally occurs in the late winter or early spring. This is when you would expect orchid flowers to appear if an orchid were growing out in its native habitat in the wild.
An orchid that blooms “out of season” is one that flowers any other time of the year outside of the natural blooming period.
For example, you can often find Phalaenopsis orchids for sale in stores year-round. These orchids are always sold with flowers in bloom no matter what time of year it is. These are orchids that are blooming “out of season.”
The question is, how do orchid growers manage to always have orchids in bloom, year-round? Well, orchid growers can force orchids into bloom by manipulating the temperature in the orchid’s growing area.
First, by dropping temperatures at night and creating a 20-degree difference between night and day temps, the orchid is triggered into developing an orchid flower spike.
Then, once the flower spike has grown and set, growers raise the temperature in the orchid’s growing area. This tricks the orchid into thinking spring has come. The orchid’s flower buds start to open and it begins to bloom. This is why you are able to find orchids in bloom all year-round.
Will My Orchid Continue To Bloom Out Of Season?
In most cases, yes, your orchid will continue to bloom “out of season.” When you purchase a blooming orchid outside of the usual blooming season, that orchid tends to adapt to this new “schedule” and stays with it.
For example, I have bought orchids in bloom during the summer or fall. These orchids have rebloomed around the same time each year (summer or fall) and not during the typical blooming season.
This is actually a great tip if you need an orchid to be in bloom during a particular time of year, like for an annual celebration such as Lunar New Year. You can simply purchase orchids in bloom during that time. Chances are, it will rebloom on this “off-season” schedule each year.
However, be aware that there is also a chance that the orchid will adjust and revert back to it’s natural blooming cycle. In many cases, you won’t be able to predict what your orchid will do based on just one blooming season. You’ll just need to wait and see what your orchid does the following year.
How Long Do Orchid Flowers Last?
This is a tricky question and the answer really varies depending on the orchid species. How long orchid flowers last varies depending on the orchid species and the general health of the orchid. You can find a list with blooming periods of the most popular orchid species here.
Phalaenopsis orchids, for example, will bloom for months at a time. I’ve had Phalaenopsis blooms remain on the plant for up to 3 months (12 weeks!) before they started to wilt and fall off.
Obviously, orchid blooms left on the plant will last longer than cut orchid flowers. However, there are things you can do to cut orchid flowers to help them last longer, such as keeping them out of direct sunlight. You can also use a tall vase to support the thin, long orchid stems.
Read more about how to make cut orchids last longer here.
How Do You Care For An Orchid After The Flowers Fall Off?
Once those orchid flowers fall off, you may be wondering if, and when, your orchid will bloom again.
To answer that, yes, with the right care, your orchid WILL bloom again. Follow this guide for orchid care after flowering to learn how to care for your orchid once it has lost its blooms.
People totally new to orchids may mistakenly think the orchid is dead after the flowers fall off. They may even throw it away. Don’t do this! The orchid is not dead yet. Rather, it is simply entering into the next stage of life.
This stage is one of growth, where the focus is on developing more roots and leaves. After this growth phase, the orchid then transitions into a dormant phase during the cooler fall and winter months.
To learn more, read about the phases of orchid growth and dormancy here, so you know what to expect.
Tips For Getting Your Orchid To Bloom Again
There are several key components necessary in order to get your orchid to bloom again. These include good lighting, adequate moisture (watering and humidity), a temperature difference between night and day, and proper fertilization.
The exception to this is when you repot your orchid. Even if you provide your orchid with all these things, repotting your orchid will decrease the chances it will bloom again the next year. In many cases, this is normal and unavoidable.
This is because repotting, and all that it involves, can be highly stressful for a plant. Oftentimes, you are pruning off the dead roots, changing the potting media and the orchid pot. An orchid needs time to recover after such a massive transition.
So, instead of blooming, your orchid may take some time to focus on root and leaf growth and building up its reserves. It may skip blooming the following year, and this is to be expected.
With continued proper care, your orchid will likely bloom again after it has had some time to rest, recover and rebuild its energy reserves.
If you are trying to rebloom your orchid, here are a few things you can do to increase your orchid’s chances of flower production.
In particular, you’ll want to pay close attention to lighting, fertilization, temperature and moisture levels in the months leading up to the blooming season.
First, make sure your orchid has lots of light. This is probably the most important factor in getting orchids to rebloom, in my opinion.
In general, an average of 12 to 14 hours of bright, indirect light each day is ideal.
Light provides energy to the plant. The orchid harvests and collects energy through its leaves. It will then convert that energy into usable sugar and nutrients.
The more hours of high quality light exposure, the more the orchid is able to collect and store energy for activities such as root and leaf growth and bloom production.
If you aren’t sure how to tell what kind of light your home has or how much light your orchid needs, then please read this Everyday Orchids guide to orchids and light to learn more.
One of the problems that orchid growers run into is inadequate lighting.
This may be due to the home not having a lot of natural light, or due to the changing of the seasons.
The winter months leading up to the spring blooming season are typically the darker months, where there are less hours of light in the day. Even when there is natural daylight, it may be not be very bright, due to overcast conditions, rain or general weather conditions.
If you notice that your home doesn’t get good natural lighting to begin with, this may be a problem, especially when you factor in the shorter days and less hours of light.
To address this issue, invest in artificial lighting for your orchids. There is a wide variety of lighting options available in hardware stores and online.
I recommend choosing a full-spectrum LED light for your orchids. Use a timer to avoid having the light on 24 hours a day. Your orchid still needs day and night cues to trigger bud formation. Artificial lights should be on no more than 12-15 hours per day, depending on the season.
You can read more about how to set up artificial lighting for orchids here, along with recommendations for different types of lights.
The right kind of fertilizer is also key to getting your orchid to rebloom. In the fall and winter months, fertilize your orchid with a bloom booster orchid fertilizer.
Bloom booster orchid fertilizer is different than regular orchid fertilizer, in that it has higher phosphorus levels. Phosphorus is essential for bloom production. Having more of it in the fertilizer gives orchids that jump start that they need for flower development.
I recommend using something like SunBulb’s 11-35-15 Bloom Booster fertilizer for orchids. If you prefer to feed your orchids with a mist spray, then The Grow Co’s fertilizer mist spray for orchids is another good choice.
Feed your orchids using a bloom booster fertilizer starting a few months before the blooming season for best results. This is usually done during the fall as part of your fall orchid care checklist.
Remember how orchid growers are able to force orchids into bloom by manipulating temperature levels? Well, differences in day and night temperatures are essential for triggering orchid bloom production.
Generally, temperatures start to cool down during the fall months. This drop in temperatures signals a changing of the seasons to orchids.
A 20-degree Fahrenheit temperature difference between night and daytime highs is needed to trigger flower production in orchids.
In other words, if you are having a hard time getting your orchids to rebloom each year, check the temperature highs and lows in your orchid’s growing area. Make sure that your orchid has a 20-degree drop in temperature at night from the daytime highs. You can accomplish this by opening a window in the room in the evenings.
I use a simple hygrometer in my orchid’s growing area to keep track of the temperature throughout the day. I love this one by ThermoPro. It lets me see at a glance what the current temperature is, along with the 24-hour temperature highs and lows and humidity levels in my orchid’s growing area.
Watering And Humidity
Lastly, make sure you are providing your orchid with regular watering and keeping humidity levels within the orchid’s preferred range. This is not only important for flower production but also helps maintain the overall health of the orchid.
If the orchid is too dry due to low humidity or infrequent watering, it will not produce flowers. The orchid will ration the moisture and water it does have and give it to the leaves and roots, rather than the flowers. As a result, the flower buds may start to shrivel and fall off early without ever fully opening.
To prevent this from happening, check your orchid’s potting media regularly. Water your orchid when the potting media is nearly dry.
Also, keep the humidity levels around your orchid within its preferred range. Each orchid species will have a preferred humidity level, so you’ll want to first research your orchid species and find out its exact care needs.
For example, Phalaenopsis orchids generally like humidity levels around 50% but can tolerate slightly higher or lower levels. In contrast, Miltoniopsis orchids require high humidity levels, between 50-70%, in order to stay healthy. Low humidity levels can result in pleated leaves, lack of bloom production and dried, shriveled roots.
Fortunately, proper watering and keeping the humidity levels within the right range will help your orchid bloom again the following year.
The majority of orchids bloom just once a year, with a few species blooming two or more times a year. However, even though most orchids bloom just once a year, their flowers can last a long time.
Follow these simple tips and tricks outlined here, on Everyday Orchids, to help your orchid stay healthy and rebloom year after year.
With the right care, your orchid will continue to grow and you’ll be rewarded with a gorgeous display of flowers each blooming season.
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about Kurzweil Network
about | Kurzweil Network • accelerating intelligence
Launched in 2000, Kurzweil Network explores the radical growth of pervasive technologies — both biological and machine — that are radically changing our world.
Based on forecasts and insights originally articulated by futurist, inventor Ray Kurzweil in his landmark writings, we explore key breakthroughs in science + technology. The theme accelerating intelligence is a core concept from Kurzweil’s research, it means “always increasing our knowledge, so we can better plan for the future.”
We cover new ideas and daily progress in science + technology: biotech, nanotech + materials science, electronics, computation, artificial intelligence, robotics, neuroscience, web, electronics, pattern recognition, virtual reality, human brain reverse engineering, and brain and body augmentation.
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Many Western scientists try to prove or disprove the power and effectiveness of Chinese medical modalities. There’s a lot of doubt and skepticism specifically around Acupuncture. Many people who have heard of it would never try it due to skepticism. Results from various acupuncture studies done by Western scientists are inconsistent. Therefore, the medical establishment remains doubtful.
It is impossible to test the effectiveness of acupuncture using the Western scientific method. The scientific method seeks to isolate a cause by eliminating any subjective influence that may steer a phenomenon from its objective nature. In the study of disease, this translates into isolating an organism and seeing how a potential cure-agent affects it. Once the organism is destroyed – the “cure” is found – no matter which side effects the “cure” may cause to the human body.
The philosophy and core understanding of Classical acupuncture does not agree with this approach. At the heart of Chinese medicine, there’s an understanding that nothing in nature is isolated. All things are part of a dynamic. Life is about relationships. Our body is designed to interact with the environment. It has an innate ability to take in what we need, and to fight what is harmful to us.
Our body is an essential part of the dynamic with a disease agent. Therefore, isolating a microbe in a lab, where there is no interaction with a living body, is useless.
In addition, each individual is different. You are unique.
Your parents, time of birth, physical and emotional strength and weaknesses impact the person you are. This uniqueness also determines how you react to your environment. No two people react to a pathogen in the same way.
An elaborate web of almost 70 meridians is constantly passing information and communication between organs throughout our bodies. This information is unconscious. It is the type of information that tells the body to send killer cells to an invasion site in order to kill possible bacteria. It’s the information that starts producing acids in the stomach upon the sight of food. In Chinese Medicine, this information is called Qi. When the system is out of balance, and the information does not flow properly, pathogens can invade from the outside or generate from the inside.
Every individual has a unique system of information. Each person is a variable in the equation for their own healing. Acupuncture cannot be tested using the Western scientific method because an essential piece of information is missing – YOU.
Despite having a similar Western diagnosis, people receive a unique treatment that is specifically designed for them. No two people have the same amount of blood, energy, fluids, outlook on life, or diet – all of which affect the outcome of the healing process. | <urn:uuid:c1e87e77-65d4-4fe3-919e-74fd8549ad4e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.internalalchemy.org/single-post/2014/05/11/classical-acupuncture-and-the-scientific-method | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571198.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810161541-20220810191541-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.939866 | 548 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Disrupted nighttime breathing makes getting fluid into the lungs more likely, researchers explain
MONDAY, March 3, 2014 (HealthDay News) -- People with sleep apnea may be at greater risk for developing pneumonia, according to a new study. And the more severe the sleep apnea, the greater the risk, the research suggests.
"This study showed that sleep apnea is an independent risk factor for incident pneumonia," wrote Dr. Vincent Yi-Fong Su and Dr. Kun-Ta Chou of the department of chest medicine at Taipei Veterans General Hospital in Taiwan. "Our results also demonstrated an exposure-response relation in that patients with more severe sleep apnea may have a higher risk of pneumonia than patients with sleep apnea of milder severity."
The sleep disorder causes the upper airway to become blocked, cutting off oxygen during sleep. The researchers said this increases the risk for aspiration, or inhaling contents or fluid from the throat into the lungs. This can put people at greater risk for pneumonia.
The 11-year study, published March 3 in CMAJ, involved 34,100 patients. Close to 7,000 of these participants had sleep apnea, and about 27,000 did not.
The researchers found that more than 9 percent of the sleep apnea group developed pneumonia, compared to less than 8 percent of those without the sleep disorder. The risk was higher among patients using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, considered the gold standard for treating sleep apnea.
However, those who developed pneumonia were older and had other health problems, such as heart disease, diabetes and dementia.
While the study showed an association between sleep apnea and pneumonia risk, it did not prove a cause-and-effect link.
The U.S. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute provides more information on sleep apnea (http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/sleepapnea/ ).
SOURCE: CMAJ, news release, March 3, 2014. | <urn:uuid:eb11ee8c-60c2-40e3-9f95-a0883c86cf23> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://medtropolis.com/your-health/?/news/NRCN685280/La-apnea-del-sue%C3%B1o-podr%C3%ADa-aumentar-el-riesgo-de-neumon%C3%ADa/sp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00403-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950821 | 422 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Did your resource mention a passage of Scripture, but you can't remember what the verse says? Never fear! Tap the linked verse and a pop-up window will appear, giving you quick and easy access to the verse in context.
Available for: iPad, iPhone, Android and Windows running app version 7.10 and above, or Mac app version 6.10 and above.
While the workings of the Trinity challenge our understanding, Bible-believing Christians cannot let themselves downplay the Trinity or ignore it. We find the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit each present throughout the pages of Scripture—and each equally deserving of our love and reverence.
This book dedicates equal space to examining the qualities and roles of each member of the Trinity, as we find them in the Bible, to help us grow in our knowledge and understanding. These leading pastors and preachers will make us more familiar with each person of the Trinity and will show us how to rightly respond to each one. The more we know how to relate to the Trinity, the more we can enrich our love for our triune God. ISBN: 9781596389823 | <urn:uuid:b57356e4-5679-4a54-8105-d4379e1eacac> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.olivetree.com/store/product.php?productid=76860&related_source_page=product_php&source=product_php_recommended_34369 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.921747 | 231 | 1.554688 | 2 |
[Cython] What *is* a fused type?
robertwb at math.washington.edu
Sat Apr 30 06:09:13 CEST 2011
On Fri, Apr 29, 2011 at 4:59 PM, Greg Ewing <greg.ewing at canterbury.ac.nz> wrote:
> I seem to have missed the beginning of the discussion about this
> fused type business. Is there a document somewhere describing
> what a "fused type" is and what it's meant to be used for?
In short, it's a very basic type parameterization.
More information about the cython-devel | <urn:uuid:5d708efa-7b9c-4aeb-9e09-077b0803b2e1> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://mail.python.org/pipermail/cython-devel/2011-April/000625.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00499-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.851743 | 139 | 1.617188 | 2 |
April 3, 2014
The Daily Meal has asked an intriguing question: Name the ten most important people in the history of food.
I’ve been struggling with my answers for the past couple of days, and keep changing my mind. The first person I thought of was Christopher Columbus, who completely changed the way the world eats. Before his voyage there were no horses, pigs or cows on the American continet. He also took a whole slew of plants to Europe from whence they traveled to Africa and Asia. Without Columbus there’d be no tomatoes in Italy, chiles in Thailand, peanuts in Africa or potatoes in Ireland. And that’s just for starters.
But before Columbus there was Alexander the Great, whose tutor Aristotle encouraged him to take botanists on his journeys of conquest. In the third century, BCE, he changed Greek society by bringing them citrus, peaches, pistachios and peacocks.
In between, of course, there was Marco Polo. He may not have brought noodles back from Asia, but he returned with many other foodstuffs.
Then there are the cookbook writers. Careme, Escoffier. The English Robert Mays, who wrote a much-read English cookbook in 1588. The author of the extremely influential Le Cuisiner Francois, which disseminated the principles of French cooking in 1651 and was widely translated into other languages. (It was in print, in English, for more than 200 years.) And of course the great Chinese scholar of the Ch’ing Dynasty, Yuan Mei.
What if we concentrate only on America? Even so, it’s hard to narrow down the list, which would probably have to start with Thomas Jefferson, who was responsible for bringing us so much of what we eat today. He even tried planting olive trees in Virginia. “The olive," he wrote, "is a tree least known in America, and yet the most worthy of being known. Of all the gifts of heaven to man, it is next to the most precious, if it be not the most precious. Perhaps it may claim a preference even to bread; because there is such an infinitude of vegetables which it renders a proper and comfortable nourishment.” (Jefferson may have been the Michael Pollan of his time; he was a great believer in eating vegetables.)
I’m imagining that the Daily Meal list will concentrate most heavily on contemporary influencers. Even so, I worry that the great Angelo Pelligrini, who pretty much invented Slow Food 60 years before its time, will be overlooked. And what about Fanny Farmer, who made cooking “scientific”? Or Chuck Williams, who brought us most of the tools we now consider necessary, thus reinventing the way we cook?
Thinking about this has been a lot of fun. Who’s on your list?
Categorised in: Uncategorized | <urn:uuid:bef0b590-05bc-4d98-bf74-cff560d1ea79> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://ruthreichl.com/2014/04/the-most-important-people-in-food-history.html/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00302-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96855 | 603 | 2.28125 | 2 |
It's not always so easy to tell a bird's gender, as not all species lend themselves to easy gender determination. In those cases, the best thing to do is take your bird to an avian veterinarian to determine the gender.
One easy way for the vet to determine a bird's gender is to analyze the bird's DNA using a PCR-based test. This test identifies a bird's gender based on its chromosome pair (ZW in females and ZZ in males). This test is non-invasive, requiring nothing more than a drop of blood or some plucked feathers, and can be performed for any age bird [source: Therion International].
Here's a list of some species that have obvious enough gender differences to easily tell the male from the female without resorting to medical testing:
- Canaries Although these birds are famous as singers, the male canary is the major crooner, and often spontaneously bursts out in song. The female is more reserved and usually only warbles now and then.
- Cockatiels Female cockatiels are generally sweet and reserved, while the males do most of the chirping. They're also the ones who can more easily be taught to talk (although there's no guarantee...) [source: ASPCA Kids]. Another way to know if your cockatiel is male or female is by its color. While most kinds of cockatiels are monomorphic (having no distinguishing coloring between male and female), there are exceptions. For example, the check patches on the male grey cockatiel are brighter orange than on the female [source: Bird Channel].
- Parakeets and budgies The color of the cere, which is the bump just above the nose, differs between the genders. The adult male has a blue cere, while the adult female has a pinkish-brown cere. Note: this is only true for adult parakeets. Young parakeets have a blue cere regardless of their gender [source: Azula].
- Zebra finches The males are generally more colorful than the females, and are more prone to silly antics [source: ASPCA Kids]. | <urn:uuid:91fde23d-6eb2-4820-8e1f-d44f525e333a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://animals.howstuffworks.com/pets/how-to-know-if-bird-is-male-or-female.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00380-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944819 | 437 | 3.5625 | 4 |
In the normal course of events, an $8 billion penalty and a guilty plea would represent a landmark event in the history of corporate crime enforcement. The newly announced resolution of charges against Purdue Pharma is, however, a disappointment and a missed opportunity to mete out appropriate punishment to one of the most egregious rogue companies this country has ever seen.
Let’s start with the monetary penalty. The $8 billion amount ranks 11th among all the fines and settlements collected in Violation Tracker. It is surpassed by penalties paid by companies such as BP, Volkswagen, Bank of America and JPMorgan Chase.
As bad as the environmental and financial conduct of those corporations may have been, it is likely that Purdue Pharma has caused much greater harm. It bears a significant amount of responsibility for the hundreds of thousands of people who have died from overdoses after becoming addicted to opioids the company recklessly promoted.
There is also the issue of the economic costs to society. The Society of Actuaries has estimated those costs to be as high as $214 billion a year. Looked at in comparison to the human and economic costs, the $8 billion penalty seems woefully inadequate—all the more so because it is unclear how much of that amount the bankrupt company will actually pay.
It is good that the Justice Department extracted a guilty plea from Purdue rather than its frequent practice of allowing large companies to sign deferred prosecution or non-prosecution agreements. Yet this is a case which called out for individual as well as corporate criminal charges. DOJ got the Sackler Family, which controls Purdue, to pay out $225 million—yet that is a pittance in relation to the billions the family has taken from the company.
One unusual feature of the case resolution is the provision that will require Purdue to emerge from bankruptcy as a benefit company supposedly dedicated to serving the public rather than maximizing profits. It remains to be seen how that would work, but it is already troubling that the creation of the trust would allow Purdue to reduce its criminal penalty substantially.
The good news is that the DOJ settlement is not the end of the story. The statement that the Sackler family has not been released from potential federal criminal liability is not expected to mean much, especially under a Trump Administration.
The possibility of more aggressive action can be found at the state level. Numerous state attorneys general have sharply criticized the deal and have vowed to pursue their own cases. “I am not done with Purdue and the Sacklers,” warned Massachusetts AG Maura Healey.
Let’s hope that state prosecutors do their job, because their federal counterparts have failed to adequately crack down on the worst corporate violators and the individuals behind them. | <urn:uuid:dd192810-07c8-4446-ac31-f568ee7d6495> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dirtdiggersdigest.org/archives/6698 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.975996 | 543 | 1.710938 | 2 |
The notion of “doing well by doing good” was once among the best kept business secrets of forward-looking CEOs.
Now it is a common call to action and repeated refrain in the boardrooms of multinationals looking to remain competitive in global and emerging markets. For evidence, look no further than the fact that there are now 800 certified B-Corporations, a designation for companies that commit to meeting rigorous standards of social and environmental performance, in 27 countries around the world.
The motivation for these businesses comes not only from the goodness of their hearts but the future of their bottom line – and that’s okay. Philanthropy, governments, and business all have unique reasons for working toward sustainable and equitable outcomes in every region of the world, but the only way we’ll meet them is by creating new ways to work together.
Nowhere in the world are the potential rewards greater for both business and development than in Africa. Of the world’s 10 fast growing economies, seven are in Africa. According to McKinsey, consumer-facing industries are expected to grow by $400bn by 2020, and by 2040, Africa will be home to 40 percent of the world’s population, thanks to a burgeoning youth bulge that is outpacing India and China.
Businesses entering Africa are poised to benefit enormously from the continent’s growth. But those who do so without also addressing social inequities and environmental degradation are actively working against their long-term goals. Effective CEOs recognise the inherent opportunity in providing consumers with needed products and services, while also contributing to the inputs that create healthy, more productive workforces, and strengthening value chains in ways that address social inequities, improve livelihoods, and ensure the supply of agricultural commodities and natural resources remains safe and steady.
Philanthropy that does not value and engage the private sector, and its immense expertise, resources, and financing potential, is not fully maximising impacts for the vulnerable people it aims to serve. Between us, philanthropy and governments do not have enough capital to solve all the world’s staggering social and environmental needs. Trillions of dollars are locked up in private capital.
One way to unleash some of that capital is through impact investing; an approach intended to generate social and environmental impact, which is gaining momentum in Africa. Just as impact investors are seeking a double-bottom line return, sustainable businesses are working to create shared value and prosperity for shareholders, employees and consumers alike. Take Unilever, which recently entered the water business in Kenya with a home purifier that works without electricity or gas. Not only will this improve the quality of water Kenyans have access to in their homes, it will also allow Unilever to capitalise on the growing number of consumers entering the bottled water market.
Public-private partnerships have the ability to bring impact to even greater scale. The nonprofit Switchboard has partnered with Vodafone and MTN to create a free calling network for doctors in Liberia and Ghana. Healthcare workers can contact one another free of charge, enabling greater sharing of medical knowledge and alerts to public health emergencies. As doctors make free calls, they also use additional paid services, generating revenues for the partner mobile operators.
Philanthropy can play two important roles in support of sustainable business practices. The first is de-risking these kinds of investments. In Ethiopia, The Rockefeller Foundation, along with Swiss Re, provided early capital which helped Oxfam and several national and community-based partners bring in private insurance providers to protect farmers. Enabled by a large government safety net, these groups were able to scale and reach cash-poor farmers with risk management packages, including insurance and credit, and are helping smallholders protect themselves from the impacts of climate change and drought. The pilot has since grown into Oxfam’s Rural Resilience Initiative.
Philanthropy can also serve to connect actors across sectors and geographies. For example, The Rockefeller Foundation’s Digital Jobs Africa initiative, a nearly $100m investment with the goal of improving 1 million lives by connecting disadvantage youth to digital job opportunities, is working to bring together governments and businesses to create a market for job creation and skills training that will last long after our initial commitment has ended.
Governments also play a role in creating the enabling policies that draw in investment, building the stability required for innovation to occur, and ensuring that infrastructure allows for distribution chains to function effectively.
Each sector stands to gain something different from the prosperity of Africa and its people. But only by working together, learning from each other, and charting a shared path forward will we get there. | <urn:uuid:96ea281f-ea4a-472e-9530-25421399bc99> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/skollworldforum/2013/09/22/creating-shared-value-through-partnerships/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.949903 | 947 | 1.992188 | 2 |
The ELPAT living organ donor Psychosocial Assessment Tool (EPAT): from ‘what’ to ‘how’ of psychosocial screening – a pilot study
Transplant International , Volume 31 - Issue 1 p. 56- 70
Thorough psychosocial screening of donor candidates is required in order to minimize potential negative consequences and to strive for optimal safety within living donation programmes. We aimed to develop an evidence-based tool to standardize the psychosocial screening process. Key concepts of psychosocial screening were used to structure our tool: motivation and decision-making, personal resources, psychopathology, social resources, ethical and legal factors and information and risk processing. We (i) discussed how each item per concept could be measured, (ii) reviewed and rated available validated tools, (iii) where necessary developed new items, (iv) assessed content validity and (v) pilot-tested the new items. The resulting ELPAT living organ donor Psychosocial Assessment Tool (EPAT) consists of a selection of validated questionnaires (28 items in total), a semi-structured interview (43 questions) and a Red Flag Checklist. We outline optimal procedures and conditions for implementing this tool. The EPAT and user manual are available from the authors. Use of this tool will standardize the psychosocial screening procedure ensuring that no psychosocial issues are overlooked and ensure that comparable selection criteria are used and facilitate generation of comparable psychosocial data on living donor candidates.
|, , , , ,|
|Organisation||Erasmus MC: University Medical Center Rotterdam|
Massey, E.K, Timmerman, L, Ismail, S.Y, Duerinckx, N, Lopes, A. (Alice), Maple, H. (Hannah), … Dobbels, F. (2018). The ELPAT living organ donor Psychosocial Assessment Tool (EPAT): from ‘what’ to ‘how’ of psychosocial screening – a pilot study. Transplant International, 31(1), 56–70. doi:10.1111/tri.13041 | <urn:uuid:e23b0cb3-fd26-4120-9c38-689088240070> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://repub.eur.nl/pub/111316 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.774964 | 498 | 1.71875 | 2 |
|Name: _________________________||Period: ___________________|
This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.
Multiple Choice Questions
1. What does Marie eat regularly?
(a) Buttered bread and tea.
(b) Rice and broth.
(c) Beef and noodles.
(d) Water and noodles.
2. As Marie Curie reflected back on her life what did she indicate was necessary in order to build a better world?
(b) Social progress.
(c) Improving the individual.
(d) Self-guided principles.
3. Where do the Sklodovskass now live?
(a) A homeless shelter.
(b) A tranquil courtyard.
(c) A train station.
(d) A small house on campus.
4. What is Manya's personal ambition?
(a) To study in Paris.
(b) To help her sister realize her dreams.
(c) To become a patriot.
(d) To help the poor.
5. What caused Pierre's career to suffer?
(a) His location in Paris.
(b) His attraction to Marie.
(c) His need to always be in control.
(d) His idealism.
Short Answer Questions
1. What does Marie discover?
2. How does Marie look back on these years with her exhaustion and chronic worry about money?
3. Who did Monsieur Sklodovska follow in regards to his career?
4. How does Manya combat her discouragement?
5. How many years younger is Manya than her classmates?
Short Essay Questions
1. What method does Marie devise and what does she prepare the first of in regard to radium?
2. What is the history for Monsieur and Madame Sklodovska and how is their life currently?
3. Who is Casimir Dluski and what is this character suspected of doing?
4. What has happened to Marie's health and what caused these effects?
5. What realization do Marie and Pierre come to about their own needs and where do they think they can get it?
6. Why does Manya find her first experience as a governess to be an eye-opening one?
7. What is Mrs. William Brown Meloney surprised to find out about Marie's lab and what does she do about it?
8. Whose research has Pierre been watching and what did that research yield?
9. What killed Marie?
10. What happens when Marie is told that Pierre has been killed?
This section contains 657 words
(approx. 3 pages at 300 words per page) | <urn:uuid:c07335d1-3b37-4d07-8719-5f779e1af811> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.bookrags.com/lessonplan/madamecurie/test3.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720153.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00324-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943032 | 582 | 2.984375 | 3 |
More than half a million public sector workers in the United States are set to have their student debt erased under a revamped debt forgiveness program. But for people hoping to take advantage of the federal initiative, getting those loans forgiven takes persistence, said one person who has successfully used the program to get rid of tens of thousands of dollars in student debt.
“I spent hours on the phone with the federal loan service company I was using,” said Karen Tongson, professor of English, gender and sexuality studies at the University of Southern California. , who told CBS News she once owed $73,000 in school loans. . Even after making payments for 16 years, she was still liable for $47,000 due to interest on the debt, she added.
Last year, however, the US Department of Education erased Tongson’s remaining balance under the Public Service Loan Forgiveness Program, or PSLF, launched in 2007 under then-President George W. Bush.
Initially, the effort looked like a textbook case of bad public policy undermining a potentially important goal. Although the program promised to wipe out student debt for government employees after a decade of payments, 99% of those who applied were told they weren’t eligible, according to a 2019 report. report of the Office of Government Accountability. Many Americans, say the program has never worked for them.
But after revamping the PSLF last year, the Biden administration said the effort will help more than 550,000 teachers, members of the military, first responders and government workers get out of student debt.
“First of all, don’t be intimidated by this and don’t be afraid to ask questions,” Tongson said as he encouraged eligible borrowers to apply for relief under the PSLF. It’s about being “very persistent in calling and insisting on talking with someone,” she added.
To qualify for loan forgiveness under the PSLF, an applicant must be employed full-time in a federal, state, local, or tribal government agency or nonprofit organization. The applicant must have direct federal loans that are repaid under an income-based repayment plan.
“The key is to make sure you speak to your employer’s human resources department so you know how to get your verifiable employment forms for loan forgiveness as soon as possible,” Tongson said. | <urn:uuid:fc6bc393-0feb-462b-9f17-9fe74e41ff4c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://datovecentrum.info/public-service-loan-forgiveness-program-can-help-tackle-student-debt-borrower-says/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.965404 | 490 | 1.859375 | 2 |
- The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals are increasingly being viewed as an opportunity to usher in a new and refined age of affirmative action through responsible investing.
- A broader level mapping of investor’s existing ESG considerations employing SDGs as a practical framework would help in mainstreaming the former’s granular acceptance and also anchor responsible corporate behaviour.
- SDGs though being more thematic than corporate centric, can help in aligning sector and company specific ESG factors with broader societal and environmental goals.
While the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), adopted as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, require no highbrow introduction, their successful fruition unarguably demands a systematic assessment of strategies appropriated by investors and corporates alike.
SDGs did not enter the global lexicon until 2015, nevertheless, in past decades, investors are known to have directed their focus and concerted efforts towards ‘Socially Responsible Investments’, essentially designed on an early premise of ‘social screening’ that had enabled them to weed-out companies with detrimental business models and/or obvious exacting impact on the environment and the connected communities. Further, post the embodiment of ESG (environmental, social, and governance) issues under the UN Principles of Responsible Investment in 2006, investors better aligned their interests and strategies with the broader objectives of society, and set the tone for mainstreaming of ESG investing. Not surprisingly, today, the global initiative has over 1,600 signatories representing over USD 70 trillion in assets under management, a remarkable growth on a global scale.
Yet, despite this exhilarating market response, often corporate participation and actions are found to fall short on both commitment and output, which is invariably linked to their inability to integrate sustainable business practices into their corporate strategy. Both investors and the corporates are argued to face roadblocks in thought and direction to further their capital utilization for impactful societal and environmental changes. So, while ESG investing did pave the way for accelerated market transformations and for the better, a tangible gap has been consistently noted between the potential investment opportunities and their realization.
Providentially, in 2015 the global investment scenario underwent a pragmatic shift with the advent of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals by the United Nations. Their inherent granularity rendered the requisite flexibility and universality that could enable investors and the private sector players to understand and address the pressing sustainability challenges pertaining to their business models while meeting their fiduciary duties.
Notwithstanding their global acceptance and undeniable relevance, many stakeholders are still seeking answers to the questions on what is the investment case of SDGs? If and how they can impact the investment strategies, corporate responses, policy action, and more importantly, how the existing frameworks of ESG investing can be scaled to meet the new global targets of sustainable development? Let’s delve!
SDGs Business Case and ESG Facilitation
SDGs outline the pivotal areas of impact and offer a practical framework to complement and support the ESG considerations, which are part of investors’ existing fundamental research methodology. In other words, SDGs help in mainstreaming the granular acceptance of ESG based investment decisions while anchoring their wider reach in corporate circles. Let’s look at the overarching linkages between the investment case for SDGs and ESG driven investment decisions, and how they can lead to tangible consequences for both the investors and the corporates.
- Universal Acceptance and Scalability
SDGs were formulated to bring a global consensus on pressing and pervasive social and environmental challenges, which thereby rendered them universality in application and scalability in context, to gauge the impact of ESG investment strategies.
Henceforth, investors have shown overwhelming endorsement of investible SDGs by augmenting the purview of their responsible investment portfolio and seeking intersections with the goals and their corresponding targets. Through mapping of SDGs to their existing ESG considerations, directing capital flow toward positive and measurable impact, and driving accountable and responsible business behavior from investee companies, investors are endeavoring to give a broader context to their current business engagements. For instance, the Dutch pension funds managers PGGM and APG Asset Management have tenaciously formulated taxonomies identifying the demonstrated areas that can be considered as Sustainable Development Investments (SDIs) and can help to create a market standard for such investments across 13 of the 17 UN SDGs. Thus, setting out investment routes to their achievement. Further, 18 Dutch financial institutions with signatories such as ABN-AMRO, Achmea Investment Management, Aegon PGGM, Rabobank, Robeco and more, have launched a SDG Investing Initiative (SDI) to facilitate action in four broad areas – accelerating SDG thematic investments through systematic deployment of blended finance instruments; mainstreaming SDG centric investments amongst Dutch retail investors; supporting integration and uptake of sustainability standards and indicators; and identifying and addressing regulatory barriers and incentives to SDG investment. Meanwhile, the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA), a government agency has formed a partnership of 18 institutional investors, pension funds, and investment companies, called the Swedish Investors for Sustainable Development (SISD) to explore investment opportunities, associated hurdles, and serve as a global learning platform related to SDGs.
Nevertheless, it’s only the large pension funds that have been able to realign their investment strategies to the SDGs, and they too along with the smaller players struggle to abridge the wide gap in capacity and expertise in mainstreaming the direct impact of their investment decisions. This reluctance and inability can be attributed to the lack of clarity on financial consequences and the measurability of progress in the face of limited information on a concrete investment criterion linked to the SDGs. However, a well-managed and well-understood ESG engagement at the corporate-side can help investors align their investment decisions toward broader SDG-aims and channel their finances to areas with SDG relevance, instead of grappling with the enigma to mirror their business commitments and fiduciary duties in a sacrosanct manner.
- Macro and Micro Relevance
SDGs are unavoidable universal considerations that stand to impact all countries and sectors, at least at macro financial level. Investors with highly diversified and long-term portfolio have high risk exposure to the widespread risks, as articulated under each development goal, which are essentially concentrated in corporates and other business entities. Therefore, investors play an indelible role in indirectly rooting for formation of sustainable businesses, markets, and economies.
It is in this respect, the ESG considerations can proffer a new strategic lense to view and assess the business decisions under SDG-led scenario. At macro level, linking of SDGs to existing ESG considerations will serve as a common communication medium to shape and articulate business decision-making process and investment strategies. The UN SDGs and their underlying targets can be a reference point to address the uncertainty in time and extent of risk internalization and opportunity realization, a persistent dilemma faced by investors across the globe. Further, they have the potential to strengthen the existing ESG frameworks while enabling a reflection of financially material regulatory, operational, and ethical risks into investees’ business accounts, of course in a foreseeable future.
At micro level, the UN PRI signatories believe that their investments in corporates and other business entities hold long term profitability potential only when the latter is driven to contribute in development of equitable and sustainable financial systems and societies. There is increasing stipulation from stakeholders across markets, asset holders, and managers to assume a broader long-term interest and approach into account while evaluating any and all business decisions. And, while SDGs are more thematic than corporate centric in nature, they do help align sector and company specific ESG considerations with broader societal and environmental goals. An SDG and ESG amalgamated business approach will move companies to direct their attention toward financial and non-financial factors such as corporate governance, direct and indirect environmental footprint, human rights issues and more, that can help them maintain a social license to operate, and also facilitate a transition toward a rather active stance on adoption of new business models through disruptive or realignment strategies. Essentially, it will be an opportunity for businesses to localize their efforts to meet their own financial objectives while enabling the achievement of SDGs.
- Data Capture and Connect
A successful achievement of SDGs necessitates a systemic response anchoring transformative changes in knowledge, skill, and institutional arrangements catering to all sections of the society. And, this is essentially a highly data intensive process, both at the macro (global) and micro (company/sector) level. Often lack of data and insufficient transparency on ESG performance of investee companies is cited as a key barrier to progressive and impactful investment decisions. Since companies provide deficient information on their ESG performance to the investors, the latter is constrained to ask targeted questions that are designed to highlight inherent risks and opportunities within the investee’s business, which can potentially help them achieve sustainable business performance. This is often referred to as the Catch-22 of Sustainable Investing. Further, many of SDGs such as SDG2: Zero Hunger; SDG3: Good Health & Well-being have an inherent qualitative character, which is often difficult to capture and connect with a company’s performance vis-à-vis the positive or negative effects it has on achieving SDGs targets. These two challenges in isolation can undermine the effectiveness of respective strategies to assess and report; however, a connection of ESG to SDGs is expected to – first, facilitate companies in gathering and sharing the presumably copious amount of data (once their ESG considerations are in sync with SDGs’ targets) with investors especially on those goals which are deemed as the right fit with their businesses; and second, herald a trend of public reporting on their initiatives and progress around the selected SDGs on standardized indices, thereby addressing the concerns around quantifying the otherwise qualitative targets.
Prima facie the mentioned causality might seem a farfetched idea, nevertheless, a broader level mapping of ESG considerations to individual SDGs and their respective targets will be a good starting point. So, let’s discuss how these ESG considerations within the investable universe can be attributed to individual SDGs.
The Direct Connect
ESG based investment decisions are directed toward long-term value creation for the business and the society. Consequently, it draws a direct connection with the SDGs’ concept of creating ‘shared value’ that represents a constructive intersection of market potential, societal demands, and policy action for a sustainable and inclusive approach to economic growth and well-being.
At the corporate side, ESG considerations can be broadly mapped to SDGs, as illustrated in the graph below, which is a general representation that can be relevant to most sectors and sub-sectors. While companies find it comparatively easy to identify and align Environmental and Social considerations (as they invariably assume a directly mapped context to SDGs); association via their Governance function is rather indirect, and many a times found to be linked to their existing environmental and social functions. Nevertheless, ranging from tangible to intangible associations, all of the 17 goals can be attributed to individual elements of ESG considerations.
A general representation of ESG considerations broadly mapped to the 17 SDGs
Cynics do argue against the goals as being too complex and interconnected for an all-inclusive reflection into the existing ESG frameworks and considerations. Regardless, the transformative potential of SDGs to galvanize investors’ attitude toward an integrated path to sustainable development cannot be emphasized more. The co-existence and synchronization of ESG considerations with the SDGs can expedite corporate contribution within the broader space of the Global Goals, and that privilege is almost in investors’ hands. To conclude, the United Nations’ 17 SDGs are an opportunity to usher in a new and refined age of affirmative action through responsible investing, an opportunity certainly not to be missed.
For more information, please contact – firstname.lastname@example.org | <urn:uuid:6e2190f8-ea38-45ce-87b0-aa9f24125ea0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sustainometric.com/2019/02/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573744.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819161440-20220819191440-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.938384 | 2,459 | 2.375 | 2 |
“I’m a Luddite”, magazine editor James Tuckerman proclaimed as Master of Ceremonies for Microsoft’s Asia Pacific Bizspark Summit this week.
James was referring to an article in Australian Anthill in the 1990s where he predicted businesses would never use the Internet for research.
Being a Luddite isn’t a bad thing, James contends. In his view being skeptical about technology enables business owners to better evaluate technology as Luddites “think like a layman, don’t know the limits and think commercially”.
None of this is true though – being a skeptic is not the same as being a Luddite.
The original Luddites in the English Midlands weren’t anti-technology, they were opposed to the technology that would put them out of work.
At the beginning of the 19th Century, mill workers were a highly skilled and extremely well paid trade but the new automated loom technology meant those skills were no longer needed.
To protect their livelihoods, the loom workers started smashing the new machines and burning down factories. Eventually they were viciously suppressed by the British government with some being executed while others were transported to Australia.
What drove the Luddites was the loss of their income and who is to say we would have behaved any differently if we were faced with being unemployed and destitute in the harsh conditions of 19th Century England.
However we shouldn’t equate being skeptical about technology with being protecting one’s turf.
Today’s Luddites are those businesses who don’t want to move with the times – those who have grown fat on easy credit or lazily clipping the tickets on state sanctioned monopolies.
Some of those Luddites are going broke as consumers stop buying electrical goods or cars, while others lobby their friends in government to protect their privileged and profitable positions.
In the early 1800s the Luddites eventually lost, we can only hope that when history repeats itself two hundred years later today’s Luddites haven’t damaged the economy too much.
James Tuckerman isn’t a Luddite and that’s why he’s part of the future. I just wish he wouldn’t call himself one. | <urn:uuid:8a4c8869-d699-4319-bfdb-bf5c59100ffd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://paulwallbank.com/2012/07/13/on-being-a-luddite/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00422-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.976598 | 482 | 2.09375 | 2 |
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