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How to Create an Engine Extension
by Jon (Updated on 2015-10-28)
- How To: Installing Extensions
- Anatomy of an Extension
- How to Create an Extension (Haxe)
- How to Create an Extension (Flash)
- Native Extensions (iOS, Android)
- Publishing Extensions
Stencyl supports user-written extensions for its the engine. Using either Haxe or a combination of Haxe and native code, extensions can be written for all of our supported targets, including iOS, Android, Windows, Mac, Linux and Flash.
Even if you don't intend to write any code, extensions can define custom blocks that expose features of Haxe (and our engine) that we don't currently have in block form.
- Unless you are just adding custom blocks, you need to know how to code using Haxe.
- You need to know how to use the command line.
- For iOS extensions, you need to know Objective-C and some C++.
- For Android extensions, you need to know Java and some C++.
No additional software is required to build pure Haxe or Flash extensions. Native extensions require Haxe 3.1 to be installed.
How To: Installing Extensions
Before we dive into how to create an extension, it’s good to know where to get them and how to turn them on and off.
Where to Get Extensions
How to Install Extensions (Recommended)
After downloading an extension, do the following.
- Open any game.
- Go to Settings > Extensions.
- Click Install Extension... and pick the extension you downloaded.
The extension is now installed. You'll need to enable it in each game that needs to use it.
Note: While extensions are enabled on a per-game basis, they are installed globally, meaning that you only need to install them once.
How to Install Extensions (Alternate)
- Locate the Stencyl workspace folder (Debug > View > View Workspace Folder). We'll refer to this as [WORKSPACE].
- Unzip the Extension and copy it into [WORKSPACE]/engine-extensions/
How To: Enabling / Disabling an Extension
- Open a game.
- Go to Settings > Extensions.
- Click Enable/Disable for the extensions you wish to enable/disable.
- The extensions will now be enabled/disabled. Save your game.
Anatomy of an Extension
Assume that [WORKSPACE] refers to the path to your Stencyl workspace (find it using Debug > View > View Workspace Folder).
All extensions reside inside subfolders of [WORKSPACE]/engine-extensions/. For example, check out the test-flash extension as an example.
Each extension consists of the following parts:
|blocks.xml||Defines custom blocks. More powerful than the in-editor custom blocks.|
|icon.png||32x32 PNG icon|
|include.nmml||Used to specify properties for native extensions.|
|info.txt||Various metadata for the extension. All fields are required.|
|Source files and DLL’s||The meat of the extension|
How To: Creating a Haxe Extension
With a Haxe (cross-platform) extension, you are just adding new functionality to the engine (using just Haxe) or exposing Haxe / Stencyl-engine features in block form. For example, extensions have been written to add pathfinding, AI or date formatting.
Creating a New Extension
To create a new extension, it's easiest to copy an existing one. We've created the "test" extension for this purpose.
Under [WORKSPACE]/engine-extensions/, copy the “test” extension into a new folder. Give that folder a name.
Edit info.txt and fill in the details.
name=Test Extension description=A test extension author=Jon website=http://www.stencyl.com version=1.0 compatibility=all
Replace icon.png with your own 32 x 32 icon.
Modify Test.hx and implement whatever it is you want to implement. You can create additional source files and reference them. Note that in many cases, your public API calls will need to be static.
- Edit blocks.xml if you wish to add custom blocks for your extension. The spec for this file's format can be found here.
That’s it. Once your extension is ready, open a game, enable the extension, and test the game. If you’ve done everything correctly, the extension will work.
Testing an Extension
Once an extension is enabled for a game, you can test the game (and the extension) immediately each time you make an edit.
You do not need to close and reopen Stencyl or the game to get those edits recognized, UNLESS you have made changes to the block definitions (blocks.xml).
Debugging an Extension
If you encounter compile errors, use the Log Viewer to see what went wrong.
How To: Creating a Flash Extension
Creating a Flash extension is necessary if you wish to import a custom SWF or SWC. For example, a common use case is to import a sponsor’s API.
Read our article on Flash Extensions to learn how to create them.
How To: Creating Native Extensions (iOS / Android)
Native Extensions allow Haxe code to call Objective-C, C++ or Java code, thereby allowing hooks to native functionality and APIs.
Read our article on Native Extensions to learn how to create them.
Publishing an Extension
You've now finished up an extension and want to share it with the community. Here's what you need to do.
Step 1: Remove the Source (optional)
If you aren't going to open-source your extension, you should omit the project/ subfolder from your redistributed extension.
Step 2: ZIP it up
Now, ZIP up the folder containing your extension.
Step 3: Post it to our forums
Start a forum topic in our Extensions forum to get feedback.
Step 4: Tell us about it
Once your extension receives sufficient feedback, contact us about getting it added to our official repository.
Do you have to reload your game each time you edit an extension?
No. All extensions can be edited and tested without closing and reopening your game. The only exception is if you edit blocks.xml in order to change the Design Mode blocks associated with the extension.
My game refuses to run.
If you hit a compile-time error, check out the Log Viewer to see what it says. Chances are good that you either goofed in the Haxe portion of the extension or possibly the custom block portion.
My blocks look wrong or my game doesn't load.
If your custom blocks don't load, don't come out right or prevent your game from loading at all, again, open up the Log Viewer before you load up your game to see if any errors. You probably goofed up in the custom block portion.
Asking for Help
If you get stuck creating an extension, ask a question on the Extensions forum. Please refrain from asking here -- article comments are intended for pointing out errors in the article and suggesting improvements.Print Article Edit Article How to Edit an Article | <urn:uuid:4915ef64-ab0a-4bc0-961d-4a8c1bff85db> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.stencyl.com/help/view/how-to-create-engine-extension/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283008.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00085-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.839482 | 1,542 | 2.390625 | 2 |
Native to hot, dry regions of Uruguay, southern Brazil and northern Argentina, the sun-worshipping moss rose (Portulaca grandiflora) thrives in U.S. Department of Agriculture hardiness zones 5 through 11. This excellent choice for the most neglectful gardener is easy enough for a beginner to grow from seed. Unfussy annual moss rose germinates in 10 to 14 days and blooms all season.
Ain't No Sunshine
Traditionally, moss roses are afraid of the dark and refuse to show their pretty faces in the absence of bright sunlight. The blooms close at night and even take the day off if it’s cloudy. Smart horticulturists have burned the midnight oil while developing moss rose strains such as the “Sundial” series. Choose these lovelies for nonstop kaleidoscopic color -- they bloom merrily in defiance of dark, dreary days.
I Don't Want to Go
Pick a well-draining spot in full sun after all danger of frost has passed for your area. Because moss rose plants dislike being transplanted, scatter the seeds in their forever home. Don’t cover them as they’ll germinate best with light exposure.
An Unloved Flower
The American poet Ella Wheeler Wilcox may have had moss roses in mind when she penned, “A weed is but an unloved flower.” This plant is known to turn weedy in friendly, warm climates, where it tends to spread rapidly to areas where it isn’t welcome. Should your moss rose invade a neighbor’s boundaries, you may find yourself as unloved as your enthusiastic, self-seeding little plant.
- Liquidlibrary/liquidlibrary/Getty Images | <urn:uuid:45af14ec-691e-4459-bea4-71cc7d6bac1f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://homeguides.sfgate.com/many-days-moss-roses-germinate-96159.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00081-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.923547 | 370 | 2.25 | 2 |
by LaKrisha Mauldin
August 27, 2020
We walked into United Skates of America in Raleigh one Sunday morning, not knowing exactly what to expect. When my son came out as transgender, there did not seem to be a place for him in sports. Since his gender identity did not match the gender marker on his birth certificate, simply registering for a youth sport became impossible. But, roller derby was supposed to be different, more inclusive.
History of Roller Derby
Roller derby began as a thrilling depression era escape. Since its inception, roller derby has been a more inclusive sport than most.
Initially, both women and men would compete in alternating periods, combining their scores to determine the winner. The leagues were always co-ed and welcomed openly gay players and all ethnicities. While women and men did not compete against each other, they did play by the same rules. By contrast, most women’s sports today have modified rules from their male counterparts.
Roller derby enjoyed a heyday during the 1970’s when women’s bank track bouts were televised coast to coast. These bouts became more entertainment, focusing on showmanship and drama. After this zenith, roller derby practically stopped for a number of years. In the early 2000’s, women in Austin, Texas revived the sport focusing on athleticism while not forgetting the “Fishnets and Glitter” roller derby flare. Players pick derby names, usually a pun, to compete under, such as ‘Kill-Her-Bee.’ Roller derby was seen as a women’s empowerment movement. Many of the early founders of roller derby identified as members of the LGBT community. You could say roller derby was founded by and for queer women, but they would not have the sport to themselves for long. While roller derby resurfaced as a women’s empowerment movement, a men’s roller derby association quickly followed the all-women’s league. Not long after came a co-ed youth association. Since that time, roller derby has grown to be an international grassroots phenomenon.
Local Roller Derby
“Would roller derby be different than other sports for my child?” I asked myself as we made our way into our first practice. I tried to look calm, but I was worried. My son put on a brave face as the coaches introduced him to the team. Everyone said hello and went about putting on their gear. Then, one of the senior skaters walked up and said “Hi there. What are your pronouns?” I breathed a sigh of relief from the sidelines; I knew we were in the right place. My son found a safe space that day. That was three years ago now and roller derby has since become an important part of our lives.
Raleigh Junior Rollers is the league where my son found a home. RJR holds ‘inclusiveness’ as an important and key part of roller derby culture, and one of the team’s core values. I have seen my son thrive in this community. It is one of the few public safe spaces for my son and many youth like him. This league provides a home for a large range of queer kids, from trans and gender non-conforming to bisexual and lesbian. Even the RJR coaches identify as members of the LGBT community.
Coach Assassin8Her has played roller derby since she was 13 years old. At the time, she had just moved to NC from out of state, was being homeschooled and needed a way to make friends. Her parents looked for a community that would love and nurture young closeted Assassin, and they soon found roller derby. After a memory-packed five years with Raleigh Junior Rollers, Assasin8Her took on her next challenge: coaching young RJR skaters.
She would have to coach skaters ages 8-18, some not much younger than herself. Assassin was up to the challenge though, showing maturity beyond her years. The skaters have looked up to Assassin since she was their team captain, now they look up to her as head coach.
Not long after Assassin8Her began as the head coach, Coach Kitty Crowbar joined the coaching team for RJR. For Kitty, roller derby was initially a way to get into shape after pregnancy. As it turns out, being in an inclusive space is important for adults as well as children. While playing for Carolina Roller Derby, Kitty came to terms with her own sexuality as a queer woman. Knowing personally how important a safe space can be, Kitty became dedicated to providing that space for younger skaters through RJR. Both Assassin8Her and Kitty Crowbar can be seen playing roller derby locally for Carolina Roller Derby and coaching with Raleigh Junior Rollers.
Grass Roots Phenomenon
Both of these RJR coaches are themselves roller derby players. When I said roller derby is a community grassroots movement, that is exactly what I meant. Just putting on a bout takes over 25 volunteers like referees, NSOs (non-skating official), medics, and many more. All these volunteers make roller derby possible.
Through the years, roller derby has held inclusiveness as a key element to the sport. Every practice, every game, every tournament, my son was included. He had a place. In a world that often rejects or ridicules him, my son found a group of kids and adults who accept him. Not only did his team accept him, there is an entire grassroots sport where he is openly welcomed. Regardless of your gender identity or sexuality, roller derby has a place for you. Regardless of your body type, roller derby has a place for you. If you can’t roller skate, roller derby still has a place for you. Roller derby truly is a sport for everyone. | <urn:uuid:6d76e415-8a01-46a5-adc6-4c8ed2a3eb68> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.lgbtcenterofraleigh.com/about-the-center/blog/398-roller-derby-a-sport-for-everyone.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.983332 | 1,194 | 2.46875 | 2 |
In almost 20 years of research, it has been the home of some of the most daring ideas to aid exploration: space elevators, crops that could grow on Mars and a shield to protect our planet from global warming. But now Nasa's Institute for Advanced Concepts (Niac) has fallen victim to a very down-to-earth problem - a lack of money.
The US space agency is set to close its futuristic ideas factory as part of a cost-cutting exercise which it hopes will help pay for ambitious plans to explore the moon and Mars. Bobby Mitchell, who works at Niac's headquarters in Atlanta, told the Guardian: "From what I understand, Nasa are out of money. We haven't got an official notice yet but we have heard from Nasa that they are going to discontinue funding."
Former Nasa scientist Keith Cowing said the decision to close Niac was "just plain stupid". Writing on his Nasa Watch website, he directed comments to Nasa's administrator, Mike Griffin: "Advanced spacesuits ... will open the surface of the moon - and then Mars - to meaningful and productive human exploration. Where are you going to get all of the things you need to put on those Ares rockets so as to allow their crews to carry out their missions, Mike? Or do you 'just need a good map'? Explorers without the right tools die - or turn around - and head back home. Wrong answer, Mike."
Niac was set up in 1988 as a way to brainstorm revolutionary ideas that go beyond anything Nasa does today. It draws $4m (£2.04m) every year from the agency's $16bn budget and funds about a dozen projects every year for long-term ideas, things that could come to fruition within 10 to 40 years.
The institute is most interested in grand visions and big ideas that might inspire new technologies - and scientists have traditionally been told they should not feel encumbered by what is possible today. Ideas where the technology to make something work has not yet been developed or the science is not entirely understood are welcomed.
Despite this wide remit, Niac has kickstarted several ideas that have subsequently been picked up for further development by Nasa. Most recently, Nasa got interested in a Niac project called the New Worlds Imager, a space probe designed to take pictures of planets outside our solar system.
Taking such pictures is difficult because light coming from the planets is obscured by stars. To get around this, Webster Cash, of the University of Colorado at Boulder, planned a pair of spacecraft - a starshade (the astronomical equivalent of sunglasses) and a collector - that works as a giant pinhole camera. The starshade would be half a mile in diameter with a 10-metre hole at its centre and would sit more than 124,000 miles (200,000km) from the collector, blocking the stars' dazzling light.
Wendy Boss and Amy Grunden, microbiologists at North Carolina State University, worked on Niac-funded projects that looked at ways of growing food on other planets. Taking her inspiration from organisms that live in the most extreme environments on Earth, Prof Grunden genetically modified plants such as rye. In theory, astronauts on long missions could take the GM seeds with them, saving on the cost of taking food supplies into space.
Many of Niac's projects fall into the realm of science fiction. The institute is famously home to the space elevator, an idea first proposed by Arthur C Clarke in his 1978 novel Fountains of Paradise, to transport people and equipment cheaply into space.
In the Niac proposal, a cable would be attached from the ground to a satellite in geostationary orbit around the Earth. Vehicles could then climb the tether and escape gravity without the need for rockets. But no one has yet designed materials that would be strong enough for the elevator to work.
Roger Angel of the University of Arizona was recently funded to look into creating a 1,243-mile-wide shield to protect the Earth from the sun's rays and counteract global warming. "Such a space-based solution might become an urgent priority, worth trillions of dollars if abrupt climate failures appear otherwise inevitable," he wrote in the outline for this project. "We propose to identify near-term research and space missions needed to understand whether a shield could be completed within a few decades at an affordable cost."
Martin Barstow, head of physics and astronomy at Leicester University, said it was important to have a mechanism for scientists to think about radical ideas. "It's important that people have the freedom to be able to do this [but] I don't think you need a separate entity. You just need the mental framework, the capacity for people to have time made available." Nasa has been reorganising its activities since 2004, to pay for the technology it needs to meet its goal of getting humans back to the moon and then on to Mars.
The plans include developing the new Orion exploration vehicle, shaped like the Apollo space capsules last used in 1972 but three times bigger, to replace the space shuttle, and two new Ares I rockets that will blast the astronauts and equipment separately into space. Nasa has slashed more than $300m from the International Space Station's science budget and many robotic exploration missions have been either cancelled or put on indefinite hold.
Far-sighted or far out? Proposals and projects
A helicopter around 1cm wide, being developed at Stanford University to be used to fly into clouds or storms to monitor the weather
New Worlds Imager
Developed at the University of Colorado to take pictures of planets outside our solar system by blocking out light from the stars with a 'starshade'
GM plants for Mars
A project which would use the genes from organisms which live in extreme conditions on Earth to modify plants such as rye for growing off-world
Caves of Mars
A project which is looking for safe places to site bases on the red planet. The project is also looking at how to create inflatable modules for Mars explorers to live in
A proposal from MIT for sets of spherical robots which would be used to explore other planets
A Johns Hopkins proposal which would protect the Earth from asteroid impacts
HBar Technologies is proposing that a sail driven by antimatter could power deep-space exploration
Proposed by Roger Angel of the University of Arizona, this would use a cloud of 'flyers' in space to divert sunlight and lessen the effects of global warming
Bradley Edwards of Eureka Scientific Inc proposes using a super-strong cable tethered to Earth to take material into space
Developed by Professor Dava Newman, an aeronautics and astronautics engineer at MIT in Boston. The suit is designed to be more flexible and lighter than present space suits, to make it easier to explore the moon and Mars
A flying and crawling robot that flaps its wings to explore new terrain. Prototypes have already been developed at Nasa and American universities | <urn:uuid:74f91891-34f8-420b-ae5a-8c993527d07f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.theguardian.com/science/2007/mar/22/spaceexploration.homesandgardens | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00564-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955723 | 1,413 | 3.046875 | 3 |
Type: : flour mill macine
Use: : dust removing and grain grading
Certification: : ISO 9001:2001
Place of Origin: : Henan, China (Mainland)
Model Number: : TQLM type
Condition: : New
color: : white and bule
Unique patented technology, through ISO standard authentication
Function: Cleaning the raw grain
1. flour mill machinery
Plane rotary sieve of TQLM type :
It is mainly used for removing the light or big impurities from the materials. It is also used during the second or third cleaning process in flour mills.
2. Main specification and technique parameter list:
items: types: TQLM63 ; TQLM63 ; TQLM63 ; TQLM63
output(t/h): 3-5 ; 5-7 ; 7-9 ; 7-10
speed if air taking in(m3/h):990 ; 1090 ; 1190 ; 1290
unit weight(kg): 630 ; 700 ; 750 ; 850
length:1780 ; 2030 ; 2030 ; 2030
unit measure(mm): width: 930 ; 1100 ; 1300 ; 1550
height: 1200 ; 1200 ; 1200 ; 1336
Our company is hammering at the D&R and manufacture of grain machines and flour equipment all the time, with abundant experience and technology theory base about the design, manufacture, installation, debugging and technical training of flour equipment complete project.
We produced the first roller type flour mill machine and we are the first company to successfully study and manufacture roller of double-metal centrifugal composite flour mill machine. We take charge of draft national standard of flour mill machine and roller industry.
Our company also bears the production task of war industry weapon, initial research and manufacture of portable shoulder-fired rocket projectile emitters, which are used in Treasure Island campaign for first time and fashionable all over the world right now. Therefore, military director come to our company for visit and cooperation.
In1987, we began to cooperate with Shengluo (Italy) International Group indirectly. We gradually enlarge and deepen markets in the world.
Our company has built all-wave and multi-level combination to engage in improving grain machines, flour processing and food manufacture in China. | <urn:uuid:b66804d1-3c60-43ed-a408-342e68971888> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.equipmentimes.com/product/details/Wheat-flour-milling-machine-TQLM-type-Flat-Rotary-screen_2504.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00352-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.807874 | 473 | 1.734375 | 2 |
Galaxy growth examined like rings of a tree
Scientists have acquired more evidence for the "inside-out" theory of galaxy growth, showing that bursts of star formation in central regions were followed 1 to 2 billion years later by star birth in the outer fringes.
Watching a tree grow might be more frustrating than waiting for a pot to boil, but luckily for biologists, there are tree rings. Beginning at a tree trunk's dense core and moving out to the soft bark, the passage of time is marked by concentric rings, revealing chapters of the tree's history.
Galaxies outlive trees by billions of years, making their growth impossible to see. But like biologists, astronomers can read the rings in a galaxy's disk to unravel its past. Using data from NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) and Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX), scientists have acquired more evidence for the "inside-out" theory of galaxy growth, showing that bursts of star formation in central regions were followed 1 to 2 billion years later by star birth in the outer fringes.
"Initially, a rapid star-forming period formed the mass at the center of these galaxies, followed later by a star-forming phase in the outer regions. Eventually, the galaxies stop making stars and become quiescent," said Sara Petty of Virginia Tech in Blacksburg, Virginia. "This later star-forming phase could have been caused by minor mergers with gas-rich neighbors, which provide the fuel for new stars."
The discovery also may solve a mystery of elderly galaxies. The galaxies in the study, known as "red and dead" for their red color and lack of new star birth, have a surprising amount of ultraviolet light emanating from the outer regions. Often, ultraviolet light is generated by hot young stars, but these galaxies were considered too old to host such a young population.
The solution to the puzzle is likely hot old stars. Petty and colleagues used a new multiwavelength approach to show that the unexplained ultraviolet light appears to be coming from a late phase in the lives of older stars, when they blow off their outer layers and heat up.
GALEX and WISE turned out to be the ideal duo for the study. GALEX was sensitive to the ultraviolet light, whereas WISE sees the infrared light coming from older stars. GALEX is no longer operating, but WISE was recently reactivated to hunt asteroids, a project called NEOWISE. Both telescopes have large fields of view, allowing them to easily capture images of entire galaxies.
"The synergy between GALEX and WISE produces a very sensitive measurement of where the hot older stars reside in these red-and-dead galaxies," said Don Neill from the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena. "This allows us to map the progress of star formation within each galaxy." | <urn:uuid:7693c02b-7ebb-419c-8f8e-411e02d2715b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.astronomy.com/news/2013/11/galaxy-growth-examined-like-rings-of-a-tree | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00397-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954536 | 581 | 3.96875 | 4 |
Office life is collapsing and Gen Z overwhelmingly wants the freedom to work remotely. Their challenge? Learning how to become adults over Zoom.
Being in an office is an education in human nature. But about 85% of Gen Zers say they want to work remotely. Here's how they can still grow in their jobs.
Make your office more eco-friendly with these tips for reducing paper waste, moderating AC and heating use, bolstering recycling efforts, and more.
Returning to the office could mean a shift in generated waste after a year-long pause on in-person work
Shifts in the types of waste generated in office spaces, including printing paper and coffee cups, are expected as employees resume in-person work.
The World Economic Forum reports that the fashion industry produces 10% of the planet's carbon emissions. Increased shopping trends may contribute.
A market-analytics expert says it's too early to gauge how reopening offices might affect transportation and energy consumption
With the return of office life, companies must consider sustainable operations, especially regarding corporate transportation and energy consumption.
Mars CEO says the pandemic has 'upended' life for at the $35 billion company. Here's how it was ahead of the curve by prepping for a Gen Z workforce
"The impact on our ways of working across the business has been profound and will be long-lasting," Mars CEO Grant Reid told Business Insider.
In an ideal world, commutes would be short and lunch breaks long. Realistically, however, the average working day can differ wildly, depending on where you live. Here's what the average work day looks like around the world. | <urn:uuid:55bfab55-ddbb-4411-8218-7127f9083020> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.businessinsider.com/category/office-life | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.957302 | 337 | 1.90625 | 2 |
Nebraska Gets Almost $4 Million for Several Projects
April 11, 2003
The federal government has given almost $4 million to Nebraska to fund projects to grow the economy and provide health care for people with HIV/AIDS. The allocations include a $1.7 million grant from the Department of Health and Human Services to help the state provide care for low-income Nebraskans living with HIV/AIDS. The money will be used to provide medical care, support services and prescription drugs for people whose insurance has run out or whose savings have been depleted.Adapted from:
This article was provided by CDC National Prevention Information Network. It is a part of the publication CDC HIV/Hepatitis/STD/TB Prevention News Update. | <urn:uuid:8d2587b2-2d35-4fa6-a35f-0658b075b45e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.thebody.com/content/art29841.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00543-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936946 | 150 | 1.539063 | 2 |
INSIDE THE COURT OF HENRY VIII VENTURES BEYOND THE FACADE OF THE FAMOUS KING'S GLAMOROUS COURT
Available on DVD from PBS Distribution June 16th
Arlington, Va. – May 12, 2015 – PBS Distribution announced today it is releasing Inside the Court of Henry VIII on DVD. The program, directed by Peter Chinn, gives insight into the intrigue and politics that underlay the royal court, examining the backdrop to one of the most famous and tyrannical reigns in British history, as well as the ongoing legacy of King Henry VIII.
Inside the Court of Henry VIII will be available on DVD June 16, 2015. The run time of the DVD is approximately 60 minutes and its SRP is $24.99. The program will also be available for digital download.
Filmed on location at palaces and other places of historical significance—from Anne Boleyn's childhood home at Hever Castle to the great buildings of Hampton Court, Lambeth Palace and The Tower of London—the documentary provides five historians' expert commentary on the reality of life under King Henry VIII interspersed with sumptuous dramatic reconstructions of key events that shaped the period. Opening at the end of Henry's reign, with the irascible 400-pound king on his deathbed, the program tells the story of his life, beginning as a young, carefree prince, and explores his four-decade rule through some of the most turbulent periods in British history.
Expert commentary provided by: Dr. Tracy Borman, Chief Curator of Historic Royal Palaces; Dr. Robert Hutchinson, Author and Historian; Susan Ronald, Author and Historian; Chris Skidmore MP, Author and Historian; Professor Diarmaid MacCulloch, University of Oxford
About the Ideas Room
Set up by Jeremy Dear in 2014, The Ideas Room develops and produces content across the factual spectrum, from popular science and history to factual entertainment.
About PBS Distribution
PBS Distribution is the leading media distributor for the public television community, both domestically and internationally, extending the reach of these programs beyond broadcast while generating revenue for the public television system and our production partners.
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Inside the Court of Henry VIII
Street Date: June 16, 2015
Run Time: Approximately 60 Minutes
SRP: DVD $24.99
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News Editor May 25, 2015, 5:06 pm | <urn:uuid:3ed0f91c-d1ee-40a0-a204-5535219582ed> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.digitallyobsessed.com/r-displayreview.php?ID=7620 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572033.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814113403-20220814143403-00270.warc.gz | en | 0.89857 | 708 | 1.703125 | 2 |
I had been corrected by a guy privately and both of you are correct that
grasses do not exist in the carboniferous, and I knew that but used the term
loosely. I apologize. I should have corrected it then but I had many other
things and didn't. The earliest evidence of actual grasses of which I am
aware is in the Eocene. (William L. Crepet and Gwen D.Feldman, "The Earliest
Remains of Grasses in the Fossil Record," American Journal of Botany,
78(1991):7: 1010-1014, p. 1010)
I would definitely say that I did not intend the word to be interpreted as
an angiosperm. One can argue that the term sea grass, which kelp is
occasionally called is not indicative of an angiosperm and I didn't intend
the word to be taken in the technical context, but I should have anticipated
I would have to go back to look at it, but the spores and
>compression fossils of the Pittsburgh coal are quite well known. In fact if I
>am not mistaken Aureal Cross wrote one of the first big and good studies
>of coal using this seam. There would be herbaceous plants (several
>lycopods among others - that sometimes produce a lot of coal). However,
>I doubt if that is a good enough explanation. The Herrin Coal, which I
>work with, had a lot of arborescent lycopods (these are the ones that
>usually produce the trunks Bill is referring to) yet generally you do not
>find a lot of trunks in the coal.
I thought you were into invertebrates?
>In any case, I was cleaning up some files and had to repond to angiosperm
>grasses in the Carboniferous - let at least use the plants which we know
>were there. On second thought, we can't all be experts on all the areas
>and we shouldn't let that keep us from talking about them.
I sincerely wish that those more qualified in an area would jump in. If
those like you, will not engage with YECs on issues like coal, then somebody
less qualified, like me, will jump in. If nobody jumps in, the lurkers see
unanswered YEC claims that fit with all they have read and assume that there
is no answer. Do you think a floating mat hypothesis is the only way coal
can be explained?
Adam, Apes, and Anthropology: Finding the Soul of Fossil Man
Foundation, Fall and Flood | <urn:uuid:ecad46c3-702b-449a-8c93-43ead85542ef> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www2.asa3.org/archive/asa/199804/0381.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00325-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970943 | 558 | 2.28125 | 2 |
What is amazing is that Chrisman did not have a protected location for his camera. He simply mounted it to the side of a rusty metal box next to a shipping beacon, using tape and bricks to secure it. This is not the first time he has publicly installed cameras this way, resulting in stolen cameras.
He uses photosensitive paper which is much less sensitive than film and does not require chemical developing to bring out the image. He then scans the paper, destroying the image in the process due to the bright light of the scanner. As the scanning process slowly erases the image, the latter is saved in digital form.
Read the article at: thestar. | <urn:uuid:3a664e56-1405-4d20-a248-3087ea7bb71f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.photoxels.com/all-of-2011-through-a-pinhole-camera/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.959891 | 135 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Compulsory halal meat in UK schools
The reason given is that Reading ‘has a high proportion of Muslim students’. By the same reasoning, Bradford, Oldham, Leicester, Slough, and most of London should also be serving nothing but halal meat, and now the precedent has been set, it will not be too long before the demands are made.
But Cranmer finds a flaw in this multicultural manifestation. Of course the Christians may object, and without doubt their pleas will fall on deaf ears, but the Sikhs also have cause for complaint, and they have yet to raise their voice on this matter.
Unlike Hindus, some Sikhs eat meat, not least because one of their gurus is recorded as being a hunter. Yet within the Sikh faith are the ‘kurahit’, or prohibitions, one of which is to not eat meat ‘killed in the Muslim way’. The origins, as ever, have more to do with the politics of identity, but it is a sustained article of belief for Sikhs all over the world – they are simply not permitted to eat halal meat at all. In Reading, they have been doing so without their knowledge.
Consider for one moment if these schools had been serving reconstituted pork disguised as some other meat, without the knowledge of Muslim students or parents. There would be uproar, with a high-powered delegation of ‘senior Muslims’ to Downing Street demanding national repentance and a global apology, to which the Prime Minister would doubtless acquiesce.
In this instance, the sensitivities of other faith groups and the demands of the animal rights activists are subjugated to the demands of the Muslims. Cranmer is grateful to Mr Wrinkled Weasel for his insight into the dilemma of relativism:
At the core of relativism is the pyramid of rights. Various groups vie for these rights appealing for hegemony at the expense of others in a state of flux - an amoral soup - struggling for a place at the top of the pyramid.
Cranmer is in no doubt as to which group is nearing the apex…
Muslim-only swimming in public swimming pools
The bias of the BBC towards Islam
Muslims making BBC documentaries about Jesus
The (suspended?) plans for a veiled Muslim to bring the C4 Christmas message
Trafalgar Square given over to Eid celebrations
British justice delayed as courts adjourn for Eid
The rule of law ignored as police turn a blind eye to Muslim death threats and incitements to violence
The demand from Muslim leaders for a change in British foreign policy or face the consequences
Houses built to conform to Shari’a law
Plans for a Muslim-only day at Alton Towers
Concerns that the capital city is becoming Londonistan
The mingling of minarets with Oxford’s dreaming spires,
The observations of the Church of England that Islam seeks to dominate
The Head of the British Army stating that Islam undermines our way of life
Observations in Parliament that ‘Islamism’ threatens our very existence.
Cranmer prays that they eyes of England will be opened before it is too late. | <urn:uuid:03cf3e0f-eead-41bb-873a-8c69d092b9e0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://archbishop-cranmer.blogspot.com/2006/12/compulsory-halal-meat-in-uk-schools.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00394-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950416 | 658 | 1.867188 | 2 |
Be A Quitter: Tips For Giving Up Smoking
Learning how to quit smoking is a habit that many people want to do but they just can’t seem to. If you are one of the many people that wants to learn how to quit smoking for health reasons or any other, then go through this article and see what you can learn that can help pipe battery.
Take up exercise to help you quit smoking. Exercising is wonderful for both your body and mind. It can help you to focus on the positive things in life, and keep you from thinking about that cigarette that you so dearly want. It is also a wonderful way to meet healthy people. When you’re around healthy people, it might just make you want to stay healthy too.
Though aversion therapies have gotten a bad rap recently, they do sometimes work in helping you to stop smoking. They do not need to be extravagant methods and you don’t need to pay a therapist to employ aversion techniques. Try the simple things, such as permeating your favorite sweater with the smoke from that last cigarette you smoke. Then reach for it after not smoking for a day or two; you will be appalled at the offensive odor that you have been subjecting yourself and others to on a daily basis.
The first step of any program to stop smoking is making the commitment to see it through. A lot of smokers have a hard time quitting because they are not approaching the issue with the right mindset and do not have enough motivation. Remember why you want to quit, and remind yourself often.
Each time you reach a milestone in your journey to quit smoking, reward yourself. If you can go for a full week without smoking a single cigarette, reward yourself with a new shirt or a movie ticket. After one tobacco-free month, reserve a spot at a restaurant that you rarely get to enjoy. Continue on like this to gradually increase the rewards to the point you don’t think of smoking any more.
It is important to realize that although cold turkey may work for one person, it may not work for you. People think that they can quit smoking on their own and only end up going back because they tried too much, too fast. You may require an aid for quitting, such as a nicotine patch.
In order to quit smoking, find something else you can hold in your hand and put in your mouth. Many smokers find it hard to quit because they have an urge to have a cigarette in their hands and mouth. Rather than a cigarette, you can hold onto a straw.
It is okay to use a nicotine replacement during the beginning stage of your smoking cessation program. Nicotine is highly addictive, and the withdrawal symptoms can be extremely unpleasant. Nicotine gum or lozenges can prevent you from feeling short-tempered, moody and irritable and can be the difference between success and failure.
Write down why you’re quitting ahead of time and keep that list handy. When that craving hits you, refer to your list for motivation. Understanding ahead of time why quitting is important to you will help to keep you focused in those moments of weakness, and it might even help to get you back on track if you should slip up.
Be open about your intention to quit. Let your friends, family and coworkers know that you are going to do it and when your date is. Current smokers will likely be considerate enough to stop smoking around you at that time. You’ll also find out who is supportive and who is critical of your habit. Finding support and sources of encouragement might make a future quitting attempt successful, if this one is not the one.
When you are trying to quit smoking, use the method that works best for you. Some people have more success by quitting gradually, while others do better by quitting cold turkey. Try one method, and if it does not work for you, switch to the other method to see if it gives you better results.
Try to remember that the mind set is everything. You need to always stay positive as you regard your smoking cessation. Think of all the help and aid you are bringing to your body and how much healthier you are going to be because you have taken this vital step in your life.
Get in shape. You’ll be able to breathe better almost immediately after quitting, so exercising won’t be as difficult as it has been in the past. Regular exercise will also prevent weight gain. The endorphins can help take a bit of the edge off the withdrawal symptoms, although their effect cannot compare to that of nicotine.
Just as you’ve read from the tips in this article, you can learn how to get rid of the bad habit of smoking which can help your health and keep you healthy for many years in the future.
So make sure you truly apply all that you learned today to quit smoking. | <urn:uuid:d8671299-4933-4a14-9b1e-755cb3461536> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://singletracktreks.com/2021/04/03/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.968415 | 992 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Easy & effective method to change font iPhone 5S font. Process is also valid for iPhone 5C as well using BytaFont from Cydia.
Potential iPhone users are often interested in customizing preferences, apps and font changing options because Apple hardly provides any flexibility to them to pursue their inherent desires. If you are also willing to switch your investment to some sort of Android phones and smartphone, you should wait for a moment and read out this tutorial about changing fonts in iPhone which is easily available with Android phones. You will find here an easy and convenient way to change the customary and traditional fonts of iPhone for which demands are constantly on the rise.
This method will also work with the previous and older versions of iPhone so that you can easily achieve your goals like in Android smartphones. Due to lack of customization features, iPhone users have been largely seen to change their phones or opt for the best jailbreaking options available online.
Feeling embarrassed with iPhone Font
iOS users will have to use whatever is provided by the company and the running operating system without any kind of intrusion.
There are millions of iPhone users in this world that would like to have some minimal changes in the screen outlook and text presentation but Apple does not provide any facility of customizing the font shape, type and size at any cost. Of course, iPhone 5 users can never think of such customization because the company does not allow foreseeing or implementing any font customization techniques or apps on the running iOS. Notepad may be used to change the font size but very few apps are available to execute your plan.
Also Read – iOS 7.0.2 Bugs, Issues
Of course, you are here to learn something about font changing in iPhone and I am disappointing you with above mentioned bitter facts.
Changing Fonts in iPhone 5S
An easy method to change fonts in iPhone is discussed below which, I think is the only method to serve your intended purposes.
First of all, the user is required to jailbreak any model of iPhone after which this method will work. Jailbreaking any version of iPhone will make the warranty conditions void thus; you wouldn’t be able to receive any services or warranty benefits from the company. It is one of the major disadvantages of jailbreaking which you will have to live with.
After iPhone is jailbroken, install tweak BytaFont from Cydia store which will allow you to change fonts in easy manner.
Just run the downloaded app and choose your favorite font type from the available list and let the iPhone get rebooted after applying the font. You will find everything in your favorite font style once the device is rebooted and that’s it! | <urn:uuid:b27295f5-7f49-4941-9ef3-0458cec6eb6d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://technosamigos.com/change-iphone-5s-font/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00558-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.927417 | 540 | 1.617188 | 2 |
EU Reaches Deal on Bank-Failure Bill After Marathon Talks
European Union lawmakers struck a deal on legislation to create a single agency to handle failing euro-area banks after an all-night negotiating marathon ahead of a summit of EU leaders starting today in Brussels.
German Finance Minister Wolfgang Schaeuble was drawn into the talks around 5:30 a.m as the discussion pressed on and negotiators reached out to nations that had taken the hardest line against speeding up decision-making and funding for the proposed Single Resolution Mechanism. Lawmakers emerged around 7:15 a.m. with a deal, which now will need formal approval by the European Parliament and by national governments.
“It’s a very good agreement,” European Central Bank President Mario Draghi said today before a meeting of EU leaders in the Belgian capital. He hailed the compromise plan as “great progress for a better banking union. Two pillars are now in place.”
The SRM is part of an EU effort to prevent future financial crises by pooling responsibility for euro-area banks, a project known as banking union. In a first step, the ECB will fully assume supervision of the 18-nation currency bloc’s lenders in November.
Schaeuble welcomed the agreement, which he said addresses legal questions that had held up the negotiating process. “Our goal was a sensible decision-making mechanism with effective control of the resources and a minimization of risks to taxpayers,” he said in a statement. “This is now possible on a legally secure basis.”
The deal is a signature achievement for European heads of government meeting in Brussels today. The leaders have been working for nearly two years to repair the currency bloc’s financial architecture and guard against further crises sparked by contagion between banks and sovereign borrowers.
Today’s agreement retains key elements of a plan put forward last year by Michel Barnier, the EU’s financial services chief, including the creation of a central resolution board backed by a 55 billion-euro ($77 billion) fund financed by industry levies. The deal also allows the EU to meet a self-set deadline of concluding talks in time to conclude work on the law ahead of EU elections in May.
EU President Herman Van Rompuy said today’s deal on bank resolution is a “crucial step” to overcome the euro area’s financial crisis. Today’s agreement frees him to focus on Ukraine and energy policy during the two-day summit in Brussels.
Euro-area banks will fill the new agency’s companion fund over eight years under the agreement struck after 16 hours of talks. Funds will stay in national compartments during that transition period. After three years, about 70 percent of the fund will be available to all participating nations, and the remainder of the funds will be pooled over the remaining phase-in years.
Nations and the parliament agreed to streamline the process for making decisions when a bank is failing. Draghi said the improvements will make the SRM “swifter and more operational.”
Lawmakers also agreed that “a credit line shall be established” and should be accessible as it stands behind the bank-fee fund, said Elisa Ferreira, a Portuguese Socialist who has been steering the measure through the 28-nation EU Parliament.
Draghi said the compromise contains “a clear reference to enhanced borrowing capacity from the market by the fund. We’ll have to clearly see in detail what this means.”
Dutch Finance Minister Jeroen Dijsselbloem, who represented euro-area nations in the banking talks, shepherded the debate through the night, stepping out of negotiations periodically to phone his euro-area counterparts. At one point, talks were on hold for more than an hour to wait for a response from Schaeuble and other ministers, said Sven Giegold, a German lawmaker representing the assembly’s Green group in the talks.
“All parties involved did their utmost to deliver results on time,” the Dutchman said in a statement in his role as Eurogroup president.
Details will need to be studied, said Dijsselbloem, whose party lost more than 5 percentage points of popular support and gathered 10 percent of votes in the Netherlands’ elections yesterday. The Dutch Labor party lost political dominance in Amsterdam for the first time since World War II.
Today’s bank-resolution accord broke a deadlock that had shown few signs of budging since December, when the parliament and finance ministers proposed competing visions of the bank resolution law. ECB Executive Board member Yves Mersch said last week that not having the SRM “would be very close to suicide.”
Nations “really wanted a deal,” said Corien Wortmann-Kool, an EU parliament member from the Netherlands.
Today’s deal on the SRM sets out a blueprint for the overall system. Further talks will be needed in the months ahead on implementing measures to flesh out some aspects, including on the methods to be used for calculating banks’ individual contributions to the central fund.
“Europe gets it,” Christian Schulz, economist at Berenberg Bank in Frankfurt, wrote in a note to clients today that described the deal as a limited step forward. “The euro zone is bolstering its defenses against future crises.”
The faster timetable agreed in the talks should be handled carefully so that European resources aren’t on the hook to deal with “legacy assets” that ran into trouble under national supervision, said Michael Kemmer, general manager of the Association of German Banks.
Overall, the resolution deal “is a big step toward more financial stability in Europe,” Kemmer said in a statement. “The safety net of the banking union can now be spread simultaneously with the start of the single supervisory mechanism” at the ECB later this year.
The marathon talks were described by Sharon Bowles, chairwoman of the parliament’s Economic and Monetary Affairs Committee, as the longest ever on an EU financial-services law.
For the ECB, the SRM is an “indispensable” companion for the euro-area bank supervisor, said Sabine Lautenschlaeger, vice chair of the central bank’s Supervisory Board.
“It has to be on the same level,” she said today in Dusseldorf, Germany. “You can’t supervise at a European level and then resolve at the national level. It is a big step forward.”
To contact the reporters on this story: Jim Brunsden in Brussels at email@example.com; Rebecca Christie in Brussels at firstname.lastname@example.org; Ian Wishart in Brussels at email@example.com | <urn:uuid:6d6f27a7-4324-43dd-b301-ad214e460e91> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/print/2014-03-20/eu-lawmakers-said-to-reach-provisional-deal-on-bank-bill.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00447-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947351 | 1,442 | 1.523438 | 2 |
In this earthquake instructional activity, students use seismographs to determine how far away the cities were from the epicenter of an earthquake. This instructional activity has 1 graphic organizer.
6th - 10th Science 23 Views 82 Downloads
Earthquakes Living Lab: Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes
Pairs use an online simulation to determine the epicenter and magnitude of an earthquake. Using real data about the earthquake's maximum S wave amplitudes, they then determine the magnitude. The resource provides a great career...
9th - 12th Science | <urn:uuid:12d75856-192c-4b09-b258-98145277fcdf> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.lessonplanet.com/teachers/epicenters | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00027-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.865805 | 112 | 3.984375 | 4 |
Does beer go bad if not refrigerated?
Beer is fine stored at room temperature, as long as the house is not super warm. If your house is too hot, the beer will slowly go bad. If beer is not being served right away, it is best to keep it in a cooler location. Draft beer should be refrigerated at all times.
Does beer get skunked if it goes from cold to warm?
It is a worldwide myth that somehow temperature cycling “skunks” beer. The truth is that temperature cycling has little to no effect on beer freshness. … However, it is not temperature cycling that destroys beer, but exposure to warm temperatures. Beer is best preserved when kept cold…
Can you drink beer if left out?
It would be safe to drink, in the sense of it would not cause any harm to you. Beer is very resistant to heat, it will preffer to be stored in a cold location, but will probably not go bad at room temperature for extended periods of time.
Is it OK to keep beer at room temperature?
While the impact from a beer cycling between chilled to ambient temperatures is low, it is the “hot” part of the cycle that will cause any damage to the flavour of the beer. A good rule of thumb is to never leave your beer anywhere that you would not leave your dog (and for the same reasons).
How long is beer good for not refrigerated?
The Average Shelf Life of Beer
When stored at room temperature, you can expect beer to last for six to nine months beyond the use-by date. Refrigeration increases this time period to up to two years.
How long can beer sit out open?
Once the beer is opened, it should be drunk within a day or two. After that time, in most cases it’ll be fine, but its taste will be far from what you’ve expected (it’ll be flat). That means that there’s no sense in storing beer after opening – after two days it’ll taste stale and you’ll probably discard it either way.
Is it OK to let cold beer get warm?
Insisting that beer can spoil if it goes from cold to warm to cold again is wrong. … Beer stored cold will last longer, especially if it is a hoppy brew, but there is no real harm done to the beer if you take it out of the fridge and let it warm to room temperature, then chill it down again.
What happens if you let cold beer get warm?
You must store it just so or it will turn. The most frequently stated version of the beer-temperature myth is that if a beer has been chilled, then allowed to become warm, and then gets cold again, etc., it will be ruined and undrinkable. … In reality, letting a cold beer get warm has nothing to do with skunking.
Does beer go bad if left in hot car?
Heat accelerates aging and oxidation. A few hours in a car shouldn’t hurt. A couple weeks or a month in a garage during the summer would probably hurt. If the beers were in clear or green bottles and were in the sun in the car a few hours could make the beer skunky.
Is skunked beer bad for you?
Can you get sick from drinking skunked beer? No. Or no more sick than you might get from drinking any beer, if you have too much. When it comes to health concerns, there’s nothing different about skunked beer compared to normal beer that has not been skunked.
Does beer go bad if left in sun?
Ultraviolet light has an effect on beer that’s similar to the one it has on your skin: harmful. You shouldn’t leave your beer sitting under the sun for too long. If you do, the UV rays react with a chemical compound from the hops. Hops are what gives each beer its distinct flavor. | <urn:uuid:ee69a6e6-c434-4372-99f4-9ebdcd4ca2cd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://magicsnewbiewines.com/snacks/can-beer-be-left-out-of-the-fridge.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.951997 | 833 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Products of the monasteries of the Camaldolese Order
Camaldoli, founded a thousand years ago, is a monastic community built in two different structures: a hermitage and a monastery. The Benedictine Congregation of the Camaldolese has been animated by generations of monks who have dedicated their lives to prayer, study and work. The Camaldolese cosmetic laboratory is very famous. The monks of Camaldoli, repositories of tradition, in recent decades have increasingly oriented the activity of the laboratory of the Ancient Pharmacy towards cosmetic and herbal products. More attention has been given to cosmeceuticals, which are cosmetics with some therapeutic properties. | <urn:uuid:8bb867b6-697b-4ce1-b789-ab53521859a5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.terraincielo.it/en/drink/white-wines/camaldolese | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.95186 | 137 | 1.757813 | 2 |
Website files through SSH
Using the control panel, FTP, or a Content Management System are all easy methods for working with your website's files. These methods require little to no technical knowledge. But if you're looking for a more technical way to work on your website's files, then SSH is for you.
SSH stands for SecureShell. SSH is a protocol that allows you to connect to your web server and execute commands on a command line as if you were actually sitting in front of your web server. You can execute the commands necessary for working with files (edit, rename, delete, etc.), and you can also execute other commands on the server that do things far beyond just working with files.
Before getting all excited at the prospect of working from your web server's command line make sure your web hosting company has support for SSH. Check the features list of their hosting packages on their website or call them and ask.
Once you find out that your web hosting company supports SSH and its available on your account, get the info required from them to access your web server using SSH - Host name/IP address, port number, user name & password.
Two types of SSH
Having SSH access doesn't necessarily mean you can do anything you want on the command line. There are limits based on type of hosting account.
If you're running a shared hosting account you will have limited SSH access. You will be able to work with your files, move around from directory to directory, execute a few basic commands, but that's about it.
If you're running a dedicated hosting account on a dedicated server you could get full SSH access (depending on the hosting company). You will be able to work with your files, move around from directory to directory, and much more. You will be able to do virtually anything on your web server through a command line as if you were sitting in front of it.
NOTE: Be careful when using SSH. You will after all, be executing commands on the computer that houses your website. If you make a wrong move your website can stop functioning correctly. If you're not sure of what you're doing in SSH, don't do it. Stick to what you know and what you feel confident in doing.
To use SSH you will need some SSH software. A popular program for SSH is Putty.
Another SSH program you can use is Absolute Telnet/SSH. Absolute Telnet/SSH has built-in SSH, SFTP, and Telnet capabilities.
Open your SSH program and input the required info to logon to your web server - Host name/IP address, port number, user name & password. Your web hosting company should provide you with the info if they support SSH.
Commands you can use on the command line in SSH
Connected and ready to go? Great! Now here are a few commands to get your started:
Prints the name of the directory you are currently in
Lists the contents of the directory you are currently in
Changes directory to the directory you specify with nameOfDir
Example: cd htmlPages (will change to the htmlPages directory)
Opens a file for editing specified by nameOfFile
Example: nano index.html (will open index.html for editing) | <urn:uuid:ab3208af-f2ae-474f-907a-2e1cbe6ceb2a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://landofcode.com/website-files/ssh.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00456-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935206 | 669 | 2.703125 | 3 |
Electric vehicle-intelligent energy management system for frequency regulation application using a distributed, prosumer-based grid control architecture
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The world faces the unprecedented challenge of the need change to a new energy era. The introduction of distributed renewable energy and storage together with transportation electrification and deployment of electric and hybrid vehicles, allows traditional consumers to not only consume, but also to produce, or store energy. The active participation of these so called "prosumers", and their interactions may have a significant impact on the operations of the emerging smart grid. However, how these capabilities should be integrated with the overall system operation is unclear. Intelligent energy management systems give users the insight they need to make informed decisions about energy consumption. Properly implemented, intelligent energy management systems can help cut energy use, spending, and emissions. This thesis aims to develop a consumer point of view, user-friendly, intelligent energy management system that enables vehicle drivers to plan their trips, manage their battery pack and under specific circumstances, inject electricity from their plug-in vehicles to power the grid, contributing to frequency regulation. | <urn:uuid:ad7b1cf4-8ebe-4c55-a8fc-25dfe15e2ae2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://smartech.gatech.edu/handle/1853/47708 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00421-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.900013 | 222 | 2.03125 | 2 |
People often say they are tired but when you have cancer the tiredness or fatigue is different and in many cases can be one of the most debilitating side effects and can last a long time.
Cancer related fatigue can affect you physically, emotionally and mentally and doesn’t go away with rest or sleep and varies from person to person.
Everyday life can be hard work and you might not have the energy to cook, clean, bathe, go shopping or even get out of bed. You might not even feel up to a chat. Things that you used to find second nature or easy are now a task and can be hard work.
To be honest I have found things quite difficult over the last couple of months and for those of you who know me well I continue going until I have to stop – or my body stops me doing what I need or want to do! SO this happened in September and I had to take 3 weeks off work – something which I hate doing. I dont want people to think I am having a jolly (Raya had not long been born) or skiving as I dont like to let people down and I dont want to give in to Cancer – but sometimes I have no choice! I am not physically ill – like I dont have the flu, I am not throwing up etc but I was physically shattered and not in a good place psycologically. My oncologist ‘reminded’ me of my situation and he said to me that he doesnt know many people in my situation who still work full time and do what I do!! He also reminded me that if he needed to he would write to my occupational health to say that I should not be working if things got to a stage where he needed to intervene!! So it is all about that cliche ‘work/life balance’. Since then I have had time to reflect and evaluate.
It is important for me to be able to control this side of my life – when I work, what I do and how I do it. This is my normality and it is something that I can control. I cant control what the Cancer is doing but I sure as hell wont let it take control of my life – until I have no option – which I dont plan on doing for a long time to come! However I am constantly tired and sometimes end up in bed at 7:30 pm. Sometimes I really struggle to get out of bed, get dressed, or even speak to anyone and sometimes I just want to hide away. I am not as social as I once was and I think some friends have left me alone because of this. I sometimes feel incredibly lonely but I do as much as I can, as often as I can which is why I sometimes crash and burn!! So live life to the full – decide what and who is important to you – because you never know.
I am now off to bed!! I’m a tough cookie – apart from the Cancer – I am fine!! Good night all. xxx | <urn:uuid:8756e64f-c5a2-49ec-854a-c4a20695536c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://memyselfandbreastcancer.com/2021/10/18/tiredness-fatigue/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00276.warc.gz | en | 0.983205 | 618 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Kasper Kristensen , Researcher05. May 2020
What motivated you to become a scientist?
I have always wanted a job where I could make a positive contribution to the world. In principle, there are many different jobs that allow for that, but having a flair for the mathematical and natural sciences, I found these disciplines to be a natural career path for me. As a scientist, I have the opportunity to contribute with important knowledge that essentially may help to guide the development of new technologies.
How did you end up doing what you do today?
I originally studied Physics and Nanotechnology at the Technical University of Denmark, but during my time as a student, I found out that I was also very interested in many other topics within the biological and pharmaceutical sciences. I therefore ended up with a very interdisciplinary education, bringing me to join Professor Thomas Andresen’s group to do a PhD within biophysics. Upon finishing my PhD, I have stayed in the same group for a number of years working on a range of different projects, all related to drug delivery.
What are you working on at the moment?
Within the RIBBDD network, I am working with liposomal drug delivery systems, that is, I am working with synthetic nanoscale lipid vesicles that may carry drugs to specific locations in the body, including the brain. I am in particular trying to understand the biological mechanisms that determine the fate of the lipid vesicles in the body, for example, to elucidate the functional role of proteins binding to the vesicles in the bloodstream.
What do you think the most exciting about being a scientist is?
There are so many nice aspects of being a scientist. For instance, I enjoy spending my workday interacting with many interesting people, and also to go into the laboratory to try out new and exciting ideas. But if I have to choose just one thing, it would be that I really love to have a job that is actually not only a job but also a great interest of mine.
What do you do when you are not working?
I spend most of my spare time with my wonderful wife and four-month old daughter, not forgetting my always-energetic dog. I also enjoy reading books, and when not in the combined baby and corona virus bubble, meeting with friends and family as well as travelling the world.
PhD defence: Sarah Christine Christensen
May 06, 2020
Sarah Christine Christensen will defend her PhD thesis...
PhD defence: Nikolay Kutuzov
Jan 07, 2020
Nikolay Kutuzov will defend his PhD thesis...
Søren Grubb wins the “Best Presentation Award”
Nov 28, 2019
Søren Grubb, Assistant Professor from Martin Lauritzen Lab, received the “Best Presentation Award”...
RIBBDD BIANNUAL MEETING, NOVEMBER 2019
Nov 21, 2019
November 19-20, 45 members from the RIBBDD network met at The Mærsk Tower in Copengahen...
PhD defence: Charlotte Goldeman Andersen
Jul 02, 2019
Charlotte Goldeman Andersen will defend her PhD theisis...
There are no upcoming events at this time. | <urn:uuid:dc8edeb9-bf3e-4de6-bd1a-8b2a6cb444a4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.ribbdd.dk/young-scientists-network/ysn-portraits/Kasper%20Kristensen/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.956948 | 694 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Cafes are established to entertain people with a cup of coffee and different other appetizers including pastries, sandwiches, salads etc. Café menu is one of the most important components because it is a way of communication between you and your customers. Without menu, you cannot imagine to entertain your customers therefore a well drafted menu is necessary for the success of your business. It is really easy to design café menu with the use of desktop publishing program. A well structured café menu will help you to show your full potential to customers. Your café menu should include attractive images to tempt customers so carefully select everything. Currently, all cafes have classic menu to facilitate their customers with standard fonts and images.
In order to get maximum benefits from your efforts, you have to decide everything in advance so sketch your all ideas on first step. Select ideal menu such as casual menu, small-town farm menu, artsy menu or a classy menu. Type of your café menu will be based on the nature of your project. You can classify your menu in different categories including appetizers, entrees, desserts and beverages. Write down everything on paper to have a perfect design for your café menu because right combination of images and text description is necessary.
Here is preview of this Cafe Menu Template created using Microsoft Word,
Tips to Design Café Menu
Café menu is important part of your café business so designing it on first preference. Open a desktop publishing program according to your convenience and create a new document.
Set page margins about 1 ½ inches to get perfect layout for your café menu. You can use fancy border to increase the charisma of your café menu.
It is necessary to include tempting images in the menu next to the text description of food items because this will help customer to make decision.
It is really easy to insert text in the café menu with the help of text box tool. You can easily adjust page margins if you want to include headings including name of café and logo on the top of the menu.
It is necessary to write name of your café with visible font on visible place followed by address, contact numbers and email address.
Include food elements on your menu and create a perfect heading for each section so that reader can easily search require food item. Keep all headings bold to highlight major menu of your café.
Font type and font size matter a lot so carefully choose both to make your menu user friendly. Size of your font will be based on the choices you have in your menu but 14 to 20-point font is considered ideal.
Type names of dishes with description of two to three words about dish to make it appealing. Focus on key ingredients of the dish to increase the temptation of your customers.
Take images of food items with your digital camera to make your menu more appealing. Place images of food items near the name of food item so that customers can easily take decision.
Write price of each food item along its description to make it convenient for your customers to take decision according to their budget.
Here is download link for this Advertising Flyer Template,
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It can be generated by a restaurant or food chain for its customers.
It can be made for an athlete and customized according to his […] | <urn:uuid:58d0f7a1-3920-432a-a00c-673dae2063e7> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.mywordtemplates.org/menus/template919.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719453.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00229-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.927953 | 1,381 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Schwann cells in peripheral nerves secrete a layer similar to the basal lamina called the lamina externa, boundary layer, or basement membrane. In this micrograph, the lamina externa surrounds the Schwann cells that wrap around both myelinated and unmyelinated axons in a mixed nerve from cat pericardium. Arrows indicate several examples of the outer limit of the basal lamina. Myelinated axons can be distinguished from unmyelinated ones by presence of repeated dark radial rings. Figure 26 from Chapter 1 (The Cell Surface) of 'The Cell, 2nd Ed.' by Don W. Fawcett M.D. A PDF copy of the accompanying chapter is available on the ASCB's BioEDUCATE website.
|Spatial Axis||Image Size||Pixel Size| | <urn:uuid:bafe35d1-aaf4-48c5-a8be-950bc319fe96> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://cellimagelibrary.org/images/10950 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00676.warc.gz | en | 0.812061 | 191 | 3.09375 | 3 |
By Dr. Bob McCauley
I take a few herbs each and every day, and one of them is Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) – better known as Indian Ginseng. I know of no other herb capable of giving you the kind of endurance energy that Ashwagandha delivers.
- Reduces Melancholy and Apprehension
- Heart Tonic
- Defends Against Cognitive Decline
- Regulates Blood Sugar
- Pain Relief
- Sleep Aid
- Helps neurological function
- Eye Health
- Lowers Cholesterol
- Combats Stress
- reduces joint inflammation
- Better sleep
- reduces abnormal cell growth
- Respiratory health
- combats loss of skin pigmentation
- Muscle and nerve pains
- Menstrual Problems
- liver problems
- Even Combats Hiccups
Ashwagandha is the most popular herb in India. It is often called “Indian Ginseng.” Pictured left is a 2000 yr old manuscript describing Ashwagandha and it’s incredible health benefits. Ashwagandha is thought to have been used in India for more than 5000 years.
It is primarily known for boosting the immune system by increasing white blood cell production. It has a positive effect on sexual health by increasing fertility and sperm count. It is used as an aphrodisiac.
Ashwagandha is also used as a diuretic, reduces melancholy and apprehension, is a heart tonic, defends against cognitive decline, regulates blood sugar, pain relief, sleep aid, anti-epileptic, eye health, lowers cholesterol, prevents abnormal cell growth, combats stress. Ashwagandha is used for joint inflammation, reduce doubt and worry, sleep aid, reduce abnormal cell growth, respiratory issues, loss of pigmentation in skin, muscle and nerve pains, menstrual problems, and liver problems. It has even been used to combat hiccups.
Ashwagandha is a plant. The root and berry are used to make what Indians call medicine or more actually medicinal herb.
Ashwagandha is also used as an “adaptogen” to help the body cope with daily stress, and as a general tonic.
Ashwagandha improves cognitive ability. It decreasing pain and swelling (inflammation), and preventing the effects of aging. It is also used for fertility problems in men and women and also to increase sexual desire.
Ashwagandha is often applied to the skin for treating wounds. It can be used on open wounds in the form of a poultice. It has anti-fungal and antibacterial properties which help to defend against infection.
We offer Chlorella/Ashwagandha Tablets, which make it easy to take Ashwagandha since it has a bitter taste. Also the protein the chlorella helps the body to absorb the nutrients found in Ashwagandha more easily.
Scholars at Banaras Hindu University, India, have conducted research that has shown that many of the elements of Ashwagandhaare antioxidants. The researchers looked at the effects these elements have on the brains of test animals and found that Ashwagandha led to larger amounts of three different natural antioxidants: superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. The scholars conclude, “These findings are consistent with the therapeutic use of W. somnifera as an health promoter. The antioxidant effect of active principles of W. somnifera may explain, at least in part, the reported anti-stress, cognition-facilitating, anti-inflammatory and anti-aging effects produced by them in experimental animals, and in clinical situations.” For years, Indians have prescribed Ashwagandha as a treatment for cerebral problems in the elderly, including memory loss.
The name Ashwagandha is from the Sanskrit language and is a combination of the word ashva, meaning horse, and gandha, meaning smell. The root has a strong aroma that is described as “horse-like.”
Here is my video on Ashwagandha. | <urn:uuid:2e1f633b-4cca-4e14-aad7-64d965662601> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.watershed.net/2014/05/05/world-champion-herb-is-almost-a-secret/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00675.warc.gz | en | 0.940192 | 888 | 2.234375 | 2 |
Tendons, soft yet strong connective tissues that attach muscles to bones, have an extremely important role to play in helping you stand, move, and accomplish your daily tasks. They must be strong enough to withstand significant tension, yet “elastic” enough to store and release forces—acting like springs to make walking and running more efficient.
Unfortunately, when tendons are overstretched or overloaded, they may become irritated, inflamed, or otherwise damaged. This is called tendinitis, and in severe cases it can be quite painful and restrictive. Fortunately, our team offers many advanced treatment options to help you get back on your way quickly.
Tendinitis of the Feet and Ankles
Tendinitis in the Achilles tendon is, by far, the most common and well-known injury of this type. Although the Achilles tendon is the body’s thickest and strongest, it also has the most difficult job to do. It bears your full weight with every step, and propels you whenever you walk, run, or jump.
However, the Achilles is far from the only tendon in the lower limbs that can be inflamed or damaged. Other examples include:
- Extensor tendinitis. Pain is felt on the top of the foot.
- Posterior tibial tendinitis. Pain is on the inner side of the foot and in the ankle. This condition is also associated with a flattening of the arch.
- Peroneal tendinitis. Pain near the outer and back side of the foot and ankle.
- Anterior tibial tendinitis. Pain near the front of the foot, especially when descending stairs or walking on a steep grade.
Symptoms of Tendinitis
The most common symptoms of tendinitis include:
- Pain. This may manifest itself as a sharp stabbing or burning sensation. Generally, it begins in a small area, but over time worsens in severity and spreads to a larger region of the foot or ankle.
- Swelling. The tendon may swell, and you may even begin to feel a soft, tender lump at the site of the injury. This may not be noticeable for at least a few weeks after pain begins.
- Stiffness. The inflamed tendon increases stiffness as it loses flexibility and your pain-free range of motion shrinks.
What Causes Tendinitis?
Most but not all cases of tendinitis are the product of overuse—many small, minor stresses that add up over time. The remainder result from a more sudden, severe acute trauma.
If you run or play intense sports regularly, or spend a lot of time on your feet at work or during hobbies, you may be more susceptible to developing foot or ankle tendinitis. Middle-aged “weekend warriors” who rapidly increase their exercise intensity in a short period are especially vulnerable.
Other risk factors may include:
- Age. Tendons naturally weaken and lose flexibility as you get older.
- Repetitive motions or activities, such as constantly crouching for gardening or plumbing work.
- Wearing inappropriate equipment or shoes for your exercise or activity.
- Structural inefficiencies with your feet or abnormalities in your walking gait. For example, flat feet can increase the force load on the Achilles tendon.
- Stresses from unrelated conditions, such as arthritis, thyroid disorders, infections, reactions to medications, etc.
Tendinitis Treatment Options
The sooner you seek treatment for tendinitis pain, the better. Tendons are highly complex, and failure to treat tendinitis properly can cause pain and swelling to linger for weeks or even months. Fortunately, our team provides a variety of care options, from traditional self-care to advanced technology:
- Rest. Avoid painful activities like running or sports while your tendon heals.
- Ice. This helps keep pain and swelling to a minimum, especially within the first few days after symptoms emerge.
- Physical therapy. Stretching and exercise is important to reduce pain, strengthen supporting muscles, improve range of motion, and promote healing.
- Footwear modifications. Depending on the nature and causes of your injury, this might simply be switching to a newer pair of shoes. However, others may require arch supports or custom orthotics.
- Activity modifications. Altering your activity schedule in certain ways can help you reduce stress on your tendons. Examples of this include cross training in more low-impact exercises, avoiding hard or steep terrain, and building up slowly to new activities.
- Regenerative medicine. Our office provides regenerative treatments such as amniotic tissue injections, platelet-rich plasma therapy, and extracorporeal pulse activation treatment (EPAT), also known as shockwave therapy. These non-invasive technologies have all shown significant success at accelerating tissue repair mechanisms so that you can relieve pain and recovery from injury much faster. | <urn:uuid:8188fe77-e572-4283-8207-1422b2381a79> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nespecialists.com/practice_areas/tendinitis.cfm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.923138 | 1,014 | 2.875 | 3 |
Every time I check my calendar, I have a mini freak-out at how fast this semester is going by! As we head into the final stretch, the “To Do” column on my bCourses seems to have doubled in length. “Midterm,” “essay” and “group project,” fill up my screen and dreams at night. Wanting to optimize how I could study and manage my time, I reflected on the different types of productivity apps that I’ve used and how effective (or ineffective) they were for my productivity.
From app/website blocking applications such as the Flora app that prevents you from checking other apps on your phone to the Pomodoro technique apps, timer apps either work for you or don’t. While some of us already have the self-control to put our phones down, others sometimes need a hand. Although I feel like I’ve tried them all, I have yet to find a timer app that I didn’t just bypass or delete so that I scroll through Twitter whenever I wanted. My addiction to retweeting memes might be something I need to work on and can’t rely on an app to fix.
Recently, I have opted out of paper planners and gone fully digital. It was a hard transition, but one I definitely recommend. With everything being online (the Canvas bCourses app, PDF readings for class, e-vites), planner apps have been handy and plugging in dates has kept me super organized! Due dates and deadlines rarely slip past me, now that I’ve synced everything and can get notifications right on my phone to remind me about a meeting I would’ve forgotten about otherwise. Thank you, Google Calendar!
Quizlet and other flashcard-type apps
The summer before I started college, a friend of mine told me that flashcards were the secret to success. I didn’t take them seriously and never set aside the time to make any. But last year, I started rewriting my notes and key ideas onto flashcards. I found that they were super helpful to retain information. This year, I took it a step further and used Quizlet. It cut down the time it took to make the cards and made studying super accessible for wherever I was.
Hydration reminder apps
Sometimes, I could go hours without remembering to have a drink of water. Getting in your required liters of water is key, especially when you’re cramming for an exam or knocking out a project on the day it’s due. Irrespective of whether you’re in study mode or not, hydration apps are a must! I personally use Plant Nanny since the plants I get to grow based on my water consumption are just too cute.
As someone who can admit they’re addicted to their phone, I’m glad some good has come out of it. Productivity apps can seem gimmicky or questionable, but I’ve definitely found some winners!
Contact Marissa Boling at [email protected]. | <urn:uuid:45f83f56-ded1-4124-9498-dbee398f5c6f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dailycal.org/2021/04/05/are-productivity-apps-worth-it/?presentation=mobile | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00670.warc.gz | en | 0.95725 | 649 | 1.78125 | 2 |
Oddly, Pine Siskin which are relatively abundant normally (although uncommon last year as others have noted) where I live in Ontario dont seem to really be here right now. I’ve yet to see one and only a few reports of any locally.
On the other hand Evening Grosbeak which are typically never seen locally, I’ve seen 7 of them in 5 years living back here, are everywhere. Based on the scale of reports there are thousands locally.
Here in Winnipeg we had the same weather change, but I have seen no pine siskins. The Song Sparrows, Tree Sparrows and Juncos are around, but most of them have left. We had a lot of Song Sparrows this summer.
Ah shoot, there were a few birds at my feeder recently that I thought looked like siskins but figured were probably house finches. Though, there haven’t actually been that many siskin reports on eBird around here, so maybe mine were just house finches
I would say that is the irruption in play - leaving their normal areas of concentration and heading south - further south and in larger numbers than ever before. Until this irruption I’ve not had a chance to study a colony of Pine Siskins up close and personal. But they hit my feeders, baths, and naturally occurring food sources in a frantic manner. You would think they hadn’t had a decent meal or fresh water in quite a while. Today is the tenth day since their arrival and they don’t appear to be quite as frantic as they were at first.
There is a really good Facebook Group for irruptions called “Finches, Irruptions, and Mast Crops”. There are people that monitor the seed producing trees in Canada and predict what may come south. We (NE Ohio) are seeing red-breasted nuthatches, pine siskins and some evening grosbeaks. They also predicted a rise in white-breasted nuthatches which may go unnoticed unless a large flock is seen.
Unfortunately, all of the local park systems have had severe budget cuts. They are not stocking their feeders. So, most of the reports are coming in from private feeders. Although, we are seeing the red-breasted nuthatches and pine siskins in the parks. The evening grosbeaks seem to be coming in from the west and east going around Lake Erie. They have not quite made it to NE Ohio near the lake. But, we are hopeful that they will make it to this area.
If you want to see some of these birds, there is a live feeder cam in Northern Ontario on the Cornell Lab of Ornithology. It is a lot of fun to watch. And, you can move backward in time to see what birds came earlier in the day.
If you see a flock of American goldfinches, scan them. The pine siskins often join goldfinch flocks.
You should familiarize yourself with what Purple Finches look like, too. You can compare the House Finch with the Purple Finch on the Cornell Lab of Ornithology website or the Audubon website:
Oh yeah, I’m all good with purples. I’ve just never had to bother sorting out siskins before. It does seem that all the ones in my area have been hofis though
Continuing the discussion from The 2020/2021 Pine Siskin irruption in the U.S:
They are arriving at our feeder on Sarasota Florida! I will try and get a photo. Thanks for this info!!
welcome to the forum Betsy :)
We live in Nebraska and occasionally get Pine Siskens during the late winter. We had a pair nest near by and had fledglings in our yard…last sighting June 24 2020. My husband reported this on eBird, and I noted this on iNaturalist. That sighting is close to the record for Douglas Co, NE…the last date of a sighting in Pine Siskins was June 25.
We have Red-Breasted Nuthatches this year…a pair. Some years we have them, then others we don’t.
Thanks for starting a project so I can add these 2 species to the lists. Maybe we will be lucky and get some of the others.
Whereas I’ve had almost nothing–not even my regular wrens and downy’s and such in my feeders. Just some white winged doves and house sparrows, not even as many of those as normal.
Bird patterns are so dang weird.
I don’t want to sound like an iNaturalist naysayer (I’m not), but this is the sort of project that eBird is far, far superior for in every way, since abundance and effort are recorded and far more birdwatchers use it. I put my plant and insect records here and my birdwatching on eBird (I do put good or interesting photos of birds here, as well) and I would encourage other iNat users to do so, as the data is far more useful there. I think that a broad citizen science app like iNat has its use, but the more specific ones certainly do as well.
Having used both platforms, I prefer to have my birding data shared in a collaborative (not competitive), democratic (not hierarchical) system. I also prefer transparency and accountability in the identification process, as well as flexible, user-driven terms on my contributions - especially photographs and audio recordings. Overall, I have more confidence in a platform that consults users about changes to its terms of service in advance, and rolls them back if the community supports that.
My experience of iNat is that the site is engaging users for a different purpose than eBird. So, the 2020/2021 NA Winter Bird Irruption project is very valuable if it is encouraging users like me to interact with nature.
Just my .02 worth, thank you for listening.
There was a bit on this on one of the recent episodes of Ray Brown’s Talkin’ Birds…#802, it aired on October 18, 2020 and discussed the irruption. You can listen online via the website. It’s a great show for anyone interested in birds!
I think Bohemian Waxwing should be added to this project. And maybe Blue Jay as well.
I just learned that White-breasted Nuthatches irrupt as well - perhaps they should be added too?
I’m in Indiana and have never seen so many pine siskins as I have this fall!
Both websites have value. They are tools.
I prefer eBird for my bird lists. If I used iNaturalist I would have to make a single observation for every single bird. Today at one spot I saw 25 robins and some other species. . Uh…no…I would not want to enter 25 robins here. And, what if I went down to the lakefront and saw thousands of red-breasted mergansers flying by later in the winter?
Both websites have value. They are tools.
There is an Ohio Dragonfly Survey that uses iNaturalist. I participated in it this past summer. iNaturalist works well for that. They require a photo for a valid entry. You can easily get help from the people in that survey if you are unsure of a species ID.
I belong to a group of birders here in NE Ohio. Some are competitive. Some are not. (I am not.) We all respect what the others are doing. We like finding species and entering them into eBird. It is a tool.
This topic was automatically closed 60 days after the last reply. New replies are no longer allowed. | <urn:uuid:8a7346ea-005b-49fc-b835-67de8bef07e0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://forum.inaturalist.org/t/the-2020-2021-pine-siskin-irruption-in-the-u-s/17590/32 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572033.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814113403-20220814143403-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.970765 | 1,709 | 2 | 2 |
As POSCO project has gone in limbo, acquired land remains unused, and affected people remain unemployed
People stare at the barren fields. They remember how green this stretch was, what a dense jungle there was, even if it is difficult for a visitor to imagine so. This land once supported its people, providing them enough opportunity to earn from their labour. Today, the stretch lies unused, a constant reminder of all that the people have lost.
This is the land the Odisha government acquired in three village panchayat areas of Jagatsinghpur district for South Korean giant POSCO to build a steel plant. It was to be the biggest foreign direct investment (FDI) in the country, but the proposal was aborted. In the process, people have lost their primary means of livelihood, forcing many to migrate for work.
Tirthankara Das of Gobindpur village says, “My three betel vine yards were dismantled and I was given a compensation of Rs 4.19 lakh in 2013. I invested some money in chit funds like Artha Tatwa and Rose Valley but I lost almost all my investment. The company people and the government had promised me unemployment allowance [till the plant comes up] and a job in the plant. Neither materialised. I am now a daily wage labourer but there is not sufficient work in the village or nearby areas. It’s difficult to feed my family and pay for my son and daughter’s education. I want to resume my betel cultivation. But the government is not allowing it.”
Prabir Das, of the same village, has the same story to share. Santosh Das, who had supported the plant proposal, did not have any cultivation of his own and used to earn his livelihood from daily labour in other people’s fields. “As the betel vineyards were dismantled, I lost my job. I was promised an unemployment allowance of Rs 2,250 per month, which never came.”
Sanjay and Litu, sons of Sukant Jena, who lost his land and betel vines, had to migrate to Tirupati where they work in a company to support their family. Sukant Jena attempted to revive betel vines in his land which the government has acquired. “The tehsildar lodged an FIR against me. They are not doing anything on the land, and yet do not allow us to cultivate.”
Youths like Kalia Das and Kuna Samal from Nuagaon panchayat also have migrated to Bangalore, Chennai and Hyderabad where they do unskilled or semi-skilled labour and send money home.
In Gobindpur, most families have faced similar hardships, as 350 families of this village lost a total of 1,200 betel vine patches in the state’s drive to acquire land. Betel, the leaf consumed as paan, is a lucrative horticulture business. In three months, 70,000 to 80,000 betel leafs are harvested in one field, each leaf selling at Rs 1.5-2. Every season, a farmer can invest Rs 40,000-50,000 and earn up to Rs 1,50,000. Over a year, the profit can be in the range of Rs 3,00,000-4,00,000. The equation served even those without land, as they had opportunity to earn enough from labour. No wonder people here prefer farming over industry.
The acquired land lies useless, (right) Pramila, widow of Narahari Sahoo
When the land was acquired, the compensation was in the range of Rs 2,00,000 to Rs 4,50,000 – roughly a year’s income. They spent it off in household expenses or invested some in chit funds, many of which ran away with the money. The landless got mere promises.
For six years now, most people are without a regular source of income. No fresh livelihood opportunities are coming up. As Bhramarbar Das, a youth leader from Gobindpur, puts it, “They destroyed our betel vines, they did not give us the monthly unemployment allowance or any job, the compensation money is all spent. How do we live?”
How their travails began
Pohang Steel Company, or POSCO, signed a memorandum of agreement (MoU) with the Odisha government in June 2005. The plan was to build a 12 million tonnes per annum (MTPA) integrated steel plant and a captive port in a large area falling under three village panchayats, Nuagaon, Dhinkia and Gadakujang, of Jagatsinghpur district. The estimated investment was $12 billion (about Rs 52,000 crore in those days). The initial estimate of land requirement was 4,004 acres, but it was later scaled down to 2,700 acres as the proposed plant size reduced to 8 mtpa. The land required included both forest and revenue land (owned by the government, though people used it for cultivation). By 2013 the state government had acquired 2,700 acres, dismantling betel vines and cashew jungles, even as it offered compensation and promised jobs in the steel plant when it would come up.
The project did not progress smoothly. Many people protested land acquisition, the state had to resort to use of force, leading to violence.
Also, a new law, Forest Rights Act of 2006, granted certain rights to forest-dwelling people, putting one more hurdle in the land acquisition process. Another hurdle was delay in getting environmental and other clearances. POSCO decided to call it a day. Thus lands were made barren for a project that is yet to bear fruits.
In September 2018 the state government announced it had decided to allot the same land to JSW Utkal Steel Ltd (JUSL). The new plan will have to negotiate the same hurdles.
Those who did not want to part with their land came together in 2005, under the banner of POSCO Pratirodh Sangram Samiti (PPSS). The state resorted to allegedly highhanded ways, slapping about 2,500 criminal cases against protesters, and putting 500 people behind bars. Many are out on bail, others keep making rounds of courts to get bail. Protester Tapan Mandal was killed in a bomb blast in 2008, while another blast in 2013 killed Tarun Mandal, Narahari Sahoo and Manas Jena, who too were against the project.
Narahari Sahoo’s son had to quit his studies and start working as a daily wager to support the family. Pramila, widow of Sahoo, says, “We are still waiting for some compensation. My daughter is 25 years old but cannot marry, as I do not have enough money.” Manas Jena’s widow Jharana depends on help from her parents. “I have no source of income. I cannot afford my son’s education. He is now living in his aunt’s home and studying there.”
Betel vines in bloom – elsewhere
What people want
The land that gave them the livelihood is lying vacant, and people want to make good use of it since no plant is coming up on it anytime soon. Salila Nayak, the sarpanch of Govindpur village says people had held a palli sabha, or village meeting, in February this year and passed a resolution demanding return of land to them, and withdrawal of police cases against protesters.
The six years since full land acquisition have not diluted their resolve. If anything, they are surer of what they want. Manorama Khatua, a PPSS leader from Dhinkia, says, “We will not allow any industry to come up here – no matter what. We want our land back.”
Prasant Barik of Nuagaon village adds, “We are very worried with the prospect of JSW starting a plant here. We have seen enough of blood and deaths. It’s unfortunate that the government does not realise its folly over last 10 years. People can give their lives, but will not allow establish a plant here.”
A Nuagaon villager, who does not wish to be named given the strong sentiments about this matter, prefers a practical solution. “If a new company comes up, it is better as we have given up our land and we need employment. But it is true that the villages were divided after the project was proposed. Earlier people lived in peace and amity with each other. I won’t mind if no industry comes here either. We do not want another bloody struggle in the area.”
(This article appears in the May 31, 2019 edition) | <urn:uuid:13a32dbb-0a65-475c-ad58-60bcd7d860bc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.governancenow.com/news/regular-story/life-without-land-land-without-life | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00671.warc.gz | en | 0.974788 | 1,845 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Narmada / DOMKHEDI
Last night in Badwani at the City Heart Hotel, Mahesh Patel came to see me. I was having vehicle problems. I hired a jeep in Indore, a great solid thing, but my driver does not like driving it on rough roads. He is a city driver. All roads which go anywhere I need to go are rough. Today we are going to Domkhedi, deep in the remote hills of the tribal belt. The road will be atrocious. And he wants to go home for Eid.
Badwani is in the Nimad plains, a town to be lapped by the reservoir behind the Sardar Sarovar 150 kilometres away. Mahesh Patel, in the Badwani scheme of things, is a local magnate. He is also an important figure in the Narmada struggle. Mahesh would find a jeep for me at midnight if he had to, and he does. He tells me how Narmada politics have been part of his life since he was a schoolboy. In 1979, when the Narmada Water Disputes Tribunal agreed that Gujarat could build so high a dam that Nimad farmers would be submerged, they protested. But the protest leaders went into politics and when they got power they forgot about Sardar Sarovar. This was a terrible betrayal.
Medha Patkar first came to Badwani in 1986. She pointed out that the Nimad farmers had rights under the Tribunal Award. Her idea of a people’s movement across classes and castes up and down the Valley was new to them. They were sceptical. But after a year or so, Mahesh Patel began to think this might succeed. Since then he has given his full support. Through the Andolan, he stands for a better society. ‘In this country, development projects help the few and penalize the many. Because of the Andolan there is a change of heart, here and in the whole country.’ Mahesh Patel re-inspires my optimism.
As we rattle westwards towards Domkhedi, I read the minutes of the 48th meeting of the Resettlement and Rehabilitation Sub-Group of the Narmada Control Authority. The NCA is responsible for seeing that the conditions of the Tribunal Award for the Sardar Sarovar are met. This is a ‘last ditch’ body from the Andolan perspective. Since the Supreme Court insisted that the conditions of the Tribunal Award remain sacrosanct, the best hope for delaying construction is that the NCA will find that conditions are breached. The conditions governing resettlement undoubtedly have.
Indian bureaucratise is a special language. It assembles a labyrinth of words, figures and initials in which to bury meaning. If I understand correctly, the 7,040 families affected by the Sardar Sarovar dam at 90 metres have virtually all been re-settled. They have either moved or been allocated agricultural land and house-plots. The Sub-Group was advised that the letters had gone out by Registered Post Acknowledgement Due (RPAD). This appears to mean that if you are living in Domkhedi and such a letter arrives, you have been re-settled.
This technique of tidying people away by registered mail recalls a report Medha Patkar showed me in Mumbai. The Maharashtra Government set up a Tribunal to hear the grievances of oustees. The judge did just that. He listened to their stories of unpaid compensation, unusable land, undrinkable water and so on. Did he do anything about them? No. He ‘heard’ them. Perhaps India’s prowess in tidying away humanity by paper is part of the colonial inheritance. International experts are masters at it too.
Eventually we reach the road’s end and the river’s edge. Here at Hafeshwar is a temple whose history goes back 5,000 years. The Shiva lingam is exceptionally holy because it emerged naturally from the earth. In the coming rains this beautiful age-old shrine and its surrounding grove will be submerged.
Thank goodness we do not have to walk. We take the ferry – given by Arundhati Roy – for the rest of our journey. We set off up river. Or rather up reservoir, for that is what it has become. At this season the river should be a trickle. But they have closed the Sardar Sarovar gates. So the water is as high as it was last year after the rains. It has, incidentally, submerged all the usual planting in the river-bed. But since these people have all been re-settled, no matter.
Hafeshwar and its greenery disappear round a bend. The landscape now is lunar. The forest is deciduous, the trees leafless. Everything is brown; brown mud, brown dust, pale-brown water. The effect is of a landscape viewed through a pall of silt, and the dust invades remorselessly. I am told that I should see these hills in the rains, how green they are, what a paradise. Yes, I should. I am secretly appalled at the inhospitality of it all. If I received a letter by registered post telling me I had been given land and a house-plot elsewhere, I might even be grateful. We reach Domkhedi, but instead of the joy of arrival I feel a sense of desolation. However, it’s just me. The children are playing cricket and a young man is having a hair-cut.
Domkhedi is an iconic place in the Narmada struggle, the site of the annual satyagraha against the rising waters: ‘We will drown but we will not move.’ As the rains set in from mid-July, hundreds of people come here to face the submergence. A camp is set up and farmers from Nimad send sacks of food. In 1999 there was a real threat of drowning. This year, with the waters already at monsoon height, Domkhedi will surely go under long before the rains end. What will happen – to the people, to their livestock, to the satyagrahi?
Shobha, an Andolan activist, tells me what happened in 1999. ‘The waters rose slowly, receded and rose. Suddenly, on 10 August, they rose to chest height.’ Medha Patkar and a group of satyagrahis were standing, hour upon hour, inside a thatched house. ‘The next day, the water went down to knee height.’ But it rose again, several times. ‘They kept arresting them. On the 16th, 17th and 19th of August, the same thing happened. On 21st September the backwaters came. The satyagrahis stood in the water up to their necks for 30 hours. But the police came in a boat. They arrested Medha with 386 others and put them in jail for 16 days.’ That’s how they stopped it. The state doesn’t want people to drown.
In Domkhedi, 50 families are left of the original 200. The reasons why people stay, or go, or get to be re-settled, or don’t, are extremely tangled. The right to ‘land for land’ is at the heart of things. The tribals here live off the forest and farm along the river. They have elaborate systems of knowing who owns and grazes what. But many don’t have title. They are the loose ends of land registration. In the 1980s the Government decided to sort this out. They started to survey. But then, with the Sardar Sarovar coming up, they realized that the surveys would create more ‘project-affected people’, or PAPs. Better to avoid this: no title, no PAPs, no ‘land for land’, no cost to the state. The outcome is the presence of hundreds of families dotted about these hills whose right to lands to be submerged has never been acknowledged. They have no right to be re-settled, even by registered mail.
After dark we go off in the boat. At 10 pm I am climbing a steep path up a hillside, skidding in the dust. If it were wet it would be worse. These are the villages to which Medha Patkar came at the beginning of the struggle and she walked everywhere. Up and down these paths for miles and miles to mobilize people. It must have been both terrifying and tiring. Several times, crossing the swollen Narmada River by boat, she was swept away and nearly drowned. For the umpteenth time I am lost in amazement at what she has done.
At high-up Nimgavhan they are practising their drums. The festival of holi is coming and there will be a huge celebration. We walk across to the jeevanshala (a school run by the Andolan because no government school ever functioned here) where the children are sleeping on mats in the open air. This too will be drowned. A conversation begins by candlelight about education, marriages, daughters, festivals. But we come back to the haunting refrain of resettlement. Keshav Vasave is the Mahesh Patel around here.
‘Nimgavhan began to break up in 1994 when the Government seduced a few people to act as their agents. One hamlet of 45 families left. They were given money and land, some good, some bad. But the money soon ran out. Where could they graze their cattle or find forest products? Half these families have now sold their land and work on other people’s. Many are alcoholics. Some are reduced to fighting each other because they have been given the same piece of land and none has title.’ Keshav could have easily struck a bargain with the Government and got out. But he stays because of the mass injustice.
I ask about the registered letters. ‘Some of us have received notices three times. The Government sent notices to 54 families to accept land. We went there and it was rocky and uncultivable. The same piece of land was shown to five or six families. Then they sent out the notices again, for the same land. No official would come with us to view it. On the third occasion we sat and fasted until someone paid attention.
‘Finally, on 29 January the Deputy Collector signed a letter to say there was no suitable land for resettlement.’ This letter seems to have escaped the Rehabilitation and Resettlement Sub-Group’s notice: perhaps copies could be sent by RPAD. What annoys Keshav is that in all these years when they have been struggling, fasting and facing submergence no-one did anything to sort out these problems. So today they are just where they were in 1994. ‘With this kind of nonsense going on, it is better to stay and fight things out.’
In the darkness later I lie on a string cot and think of these hills, and of other hills, the hills of affidavits filed by the Andolan at the Supreme Court. They recount stories like those I have been hearing. Such and such families from villages x, y and z received land, or did not, or it was stony or owned by other people, or there are other families in villages a and b who are eligible, or ineligible. It goes on and on.
If this were a service-delivery programme the stories would be irrelevant. There would be experts in some hotel conference room with their computer-generated graphs. So many beneficiary families, so many installations, that area under cultivation, this volume of harvest, all measured in percentages of targets. X proportion of benefits were realized for y per cent of the target population.
The Indian Constitution stipulates equal rights for all citizens. So here it is not a question of proportions of target populations or proportions of rights. It is everyone. All those in the affidavits and here in Nimgavhan and Domkhedi. To say that the few must sacrifice for the many is inconsistent with a commitment to human rights.
You wonder: is this resettlement failure a question of ‘can’t’ or ‘won’t’? Is the task beyond the bureaucracy or are they indifferent or corrupt? Whichever it is, it takes an Andolan to show that the authorities cannot deliver and that the promises are hollow. Usually with these huge projects, once the paperwork is tidy and the letters despatched, open season is declared and the victims are rarely heard from again. But here are victims who refused to be victims, and we will certainly hear from them again.
Keshav Vesave: ‘We know submergence and how it takes place. We know that this time if the rains are good we will lose everything. So now they must give us land. And if they do not we will show the world whether there were people here and whether resettlement was done.’
Translators: Geeta, Ardwind and Praveen.
This first appeared in our award-winning magazine - to read more, subscribe from just £7 | <urn:uuid:8afa332e-f4ec-4009-ae71-8c5740485849> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://newint.org/features/2001/07/05/resettled/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00547-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972071 | 2,763 | 1.585938 | 2 |
A Brief Overview of the Planning Board and ZBA Application Process
Stage 1 – Preliminary Inquiry:
If a potential applicant has an idea for a project, the first step is usually to talk to the experts. Those experts may be lawyers, engineers, or town staff. If the project is not a simple one, an applicant can also schedule a technical review. This is an informal conversation with the heads of relevant departments where any and all designs and proposals can come forward. Staff can give frank advice, ask questions, and point out any problems that a potential project may have. While no applicant has to submit to a technical review, the more complicated the project, the more we recommend it. Applicants can come in and ask staff questions about a potential project or parcel at any time, but scheduling a meeting is usually a good idea.
Stage 2 – Application Process:
Once an application is submitted to the Planning Department, be it for a Special Permit, for Variance relief, Site Plan Review, Subdivision Application, or any Appeal, the staff reviews the application to make sure it is complete, and has 3 days before being stamped in at the Town Clerk’s Office. Once the application is stamped in, only then do the regulatory deadlines begin. From that date, the Boards have 65 days to open a hearing on most matters. As per state law (M.G.L. Ch. 40A Section 11), a Public Hearing requires notice in a local newspaper for 2 consecutive weeks prior to the hearing, and all abutters within 300’ are notified by mail, even if they are in another town. Public Meetings and Discussions do not require notification, but we sometimes ask applicants to send out notification to abutters as a courtesy.
During the time before the application comes up at the public meeting, staff reviews the application and may ask the applicant for further information, asks other staff or departments for comments (For example, does Conservation have any concerns about this proposal, or DPW?), and should a Board Member have any questions, staff will assist or forward the question to the applicant for more information or clarification. Staff will also forward any and all comments from the public to the Board members, the applicant, and other members of the public who have commented on the project; this occurs throughout the process.
Stage 3 – Going before the Board:
Once the public hearing has been opened, the Board has a set time to vote on an application (for example, the ZBA has 90 days to decide on a Special Permit application, or 100 days to decide on a Variance.). This time limit can be extended if the applicant agrees, and they almost always do. During the meetings the Boards will hear a presentation from the applicant or other experts, ask questions, take comments from the public, both written and oral, (sometimes not required, but the Boards will usually invite public comment anyway), and may close the hearing or continue until a later date. Occasionally matters are simple enough to vote on that first night, but most are not.
An important note to make is what powers the Boards have, and just as importantly, what powers the Boards do not have. If an application is in front of the ZBA and they need approval from the Planning Board for a small part of that (say a landscaping waiver for example), the ZBA cannot grant that waiver. Along those lines, if a project is allowed by-right, the Planning Board has limited jurisdiction in the power it has. The Board may be able to shape that project, but it may not be able to outright deny a by-right project. Conversely, a Board may not be able to grant a Special Permit (or what-have-you) no matter how great a project is due to the underlying bylaws.
The burden of proof differs for each application as well. A Variance has a high requirement set down by the Commonwealth, as you are requesting relief from the approved zoning for a specific reason. A Special Permit, on the other hand, is discretionary which gives the Boards more flexibility.
Stage 4 – After the Vote:
After a vote has been taken by the Board (which usually must be a quorum voting in favor), the decision, which gets written up by staff and signed by the Board members, must be stamped in at the Town Clerk’s Office, and the decision gets mailed out to the applicant and parties of interest. Abutters are also notified that a decision has been filed. There is then a 20 day appeal period for the majority of cases during which any party can file an appeal of the decision. If no appeal has been filed within those 20 days, the decision stands and may be recorded with the Middlesex Registry of Deeds. For most cases, the applicant then has 2 years to act on a decision. The applicant can request that the period they have to act be extended.
If these statutory deadlines are not met, the applicant can file for what is known as a Constructive Approval. Constructive approvals are rare as applicants understand that town staff and the Boards are working in good faith and work hard to meet every deadline. Applicants extending a deadline is a very common occurrence.
Keep in mind that every case is different and that while the description above is correct for most cases, there are exceptions to some procedures. For example, an affordable housing project filed under M.G.L. Ch. 40B has a similar but very distinct set of criteria and procedures.
If you have any questions about a process, feel free to contact the Planning Department at firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:1a2f5497-8043-42ec-9f80-4826d7a4ccf6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ashlandmass.com/567/MeetingHearing-Process | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00066.warc.gz | en | 0.954515 | 1,151 | 1.617188 | 2 |
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Asterisk cmd ResponseTimeout
SynopsisSet maximum timeout awaiting response
Set the maximum amount of time permitted after falling through a series of priorities for a channel in which the user may begin typing an extension. If the user does not type an extension in this amount of time, control will pass to the 't' extension if it exists, and if not, the call would be terminated.
If ResponseTimeout is not explicitly set in an extension, the default value of 15 seconds will be used.
New syntax for Asterisk version 1.2:In Asterisk 1.2, the ResponseTimeout application is implemented as a dialplan function:
TipsThe autofallthrough setting introduced in Asterisk 1.2 now defaults to 'yes' in Asterisk 1.4; if your dialplan relies on the ability to 'run off the end' of an extension and wait for a new extension without using WaitExten() to accomplish that, you will need set autofallthrough to 'no' in your extensions.conf file.
A user experience"autofallthrough=yes" causes the ResponseTimeout() to be ignored (as far as I can tell). After running out of extensions in a context, instead of waiting the amount of time specified in ResponseTimeout() and proceeding to t, the hangup extension (h) is reached. So: In order to obtain the behavior described above, make sure that autofallthrough is not set.
- TIMEOUT: Gets or sets timeouts on the channel.
- Background: Play a sound file while waiting for the user to dial an extension
- Playtones: Play a tone while waiting for the user to dial an extension
- DigitTimeout: Set allowable timeout between digits
- Asterisk t extension
- Asterisk i extension
- Asterisk Configuration
- The Dialplan: extensions.conf
Asterisk | Applications | Functions | Variables | Expressions | Asterisk FAQ
Please update this page with new information, just login and click on the "Edit" or "Discussion" tab. Get a free login here: Register Thanks! - Find us on Google+ | <urn:uuid:383546b6-e1c2-457c-b084-9ac7ed851fd5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.voip-info.org/wiki/view/Asterisk+cmd+ResponseTimeout | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00557-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.75223 | 459 | 1.617188 | 2 |
A split tunnel VPN gives users the chance to access public networks – such as the internet – while simultaneously connected to a local WAN (Wide Area Network) or LAN (Local Area Network). In other words, for those with split tunneling enabled, they can connect to company servers like database and mail through the VPN; […]
Jul 23, 2020 · What is a Split Tunneling Purevpn Torrent VPN?. A Split Tunneling Purevpn Torrent is a Split Tunneling Purevpn Torrent Virtual Private Network.The idea behind it 1 last update 2020/07/23 is to add an extra layer of Windscribe Wont Open security to whichever network you are trying to connect to, including both broadband and internet hotspots. May 14, 2018 · Web sites configured for selective tunneling will not be reachable when using Chrome, Firefox, or any other third-party web browser. In addition, many web sites deliver content using more than one FQDN, which may cause some web pages to load improperly. Additional Resources. DirectAccess Force Tunneling and Proxy Server Configuration Forced tunneling must be associated with a VNet that has a route-based VPN gateway. You need to set a "default site" among the cross-premises local sites connected to the virtual network. Also, the on-premises VPN device must be configured using 0.0.0.0/0 as traffic selectors. In reality, the electrons move from atom to atom by tunneling through the potential barrier between two atomic sites. In a typical case, with the atoms spaced five angstroms apart, there is a finite probability that the electron will penetrate the barrier and move to the adjacent atom. Prijevodi riječ TUNNELING s engleskog na hrvatski i primjeri upotrebe riječi "TUNNELING" u rečenici s njihovim prijevodima: Your tunneling days are over, sodomite.
Jun 15, 2020 · 1. VPN Forced Tunnel. This is the most common starting scenario for most enterprise customers. A forced VPN is used, which means 100% of traffic is directed into the corporate network regardless of the fact the endpoint resides within the corporate network or not.
Nov 08, 2016 · Tunneling is a protocol that allows for the secure movement of data from one network to another. Tunneling involves allowing private network communications to be sent across a public network, such as the Internet, through a process called encapsulation. Mar 26, 2020 · Microsoft this week advocated for the split tunneling networking approach to support remote workers, rather than send all traffic through a corporate virtual private network (VPN). Dec 13, 2019 · Risks of Split Tunneling. Split tunneling is not without its risks. Websites and ISPs can track your activity, which you may want to avoid for privacy reasons. If using a VPN or specific sites are banned in your country, split tunneling can be dangerous because it may open up ways for the government to track you more easily. Tunneled, tunneling vs. tunnelled, tunnelling In American English, tunnel is inflected with one l— tunneled and tunneling . This has been the case since the early 20th century, when many -el -ending verbs went through a similar transition in American English.
HideSSH is a tunneling provider Free Premium Tunneling Account : SSH, OpenVPN, and WireGuard. to fill up user demand to secure their internet with fast and stable speed. We support many servers from any country for stable connectivity Email: email@example.com
Tunnels and underground excavations - Tunnels and underground excavations - Tunneling techniques: Tunnels are generally grouped in four broad categories, depending on the material through which they pass: soft ground, consisting of soil and very weak rock; hard rock; soft rock, such as shale, chalk, and friable sandstone; and subaqueous. While these four broad types of ground condition require A Simple Definition of SSH. SSH is an acronym for Secure Shell is a network protocol that utilizes cryptography to perform data communications on a network device to make it more secure. GlobalSSH is the best premium tunneling account provider. We have several type of vpn like OpenVPN Client TCP and UDP, PPTP Client, Wireguard, Quantum Tunnel, Shadowsocks Cloak, SSH Tunnel OpenSSH and Dropbear, and Squid Proxy with Unlimited Bandwidth. Fowler–Nordheim tunneling is the wave-mechanical tunneling of electrons through a rounded triangular barrier created at the surface of an electron conductor by applying a very high electric field. Individual electrons can escape by Fowler-Nordheim tunneling from many materials in various different circumstances. Mar 15, 2017 · Webtunnel VPN is a Http tunneling app created by TunnelGuru. This app tunnels using the GET, POST, MIME and SSL method to either give the user free internet connection or protect the user online activities. Webtunnel requires no registration and has a simple interface with provision for proxy, Header and ports for easy configuration. Split tunneling is a great way to really make a difference in the overall use of your VPN. Split tunneling, when set up correctly, can help to reduce the overall backlog and clogging on your network and can also help to protect what needs to be protected and to send those inquiries that may not be so sensitive straight through to the internet. | <urn:uuid:179ceab1-ba8f-47ac-9d1b-3227be1321a6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fastvpnwtvp.web.app/bartucca27232doky/tunneling-sites-so.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00475.warc.gz | en | 0.911301 | 1,126 | 1.9375 | 2 |
4 Silent Relationship Killers
This new year make your marriage a priority.
Rosh Hashanah – a new year, a time for reflection and self-awareness. To make these days meaningful, we need to take time to think about our lives. We can use these moments approaching the High Holidays to better our relationships. Quality relationships help us savor life. Loneliness and lack of peace bring us down.
Here are 4 factors that silently harm relationships:
When you start ignoring your spouse because you just can’t care less, you know that there is work to be done. Couples should care about each other’s wants, needs, opinions and desires. When it makes no difference to you where your spouse is going or what they are experiencing, recognize that there is a blockage.
Part of love is showing concern and interest. Indifference brings aloofness and detachment. Relationships require feeling; to love is an action not simply an emotion.
In today's society of selfies, self-care and self-help it's so easy to become self-absorbed. We stop listening the way we used to. We stop looking at each other the way we used to. The relationship that should mean the most remains on the sidelines because we have grown apathetic.
Begin by listening more. Look at each other, not our phone. Work on actions that show that you care. Even little moments like giving your spouse their favorite chocolate, an encouraging word, and a warm smile make a difference. Use engaged body language and cultivate the patience to understand what your spouse is thinking. Ask about your spouse’s ideas and opinions, then care enough to hear their reply. Put yourself in your spouse’s shoes. What is he/she going through right now? Can you feel his disappointment as if it is your own? Can you feel her frustration?
Empathy gives birth to connection. Be curious, be considerate, and be thoughtful.
All living things require care. A plant will twist and bend towards the warmth of the sun. If neglected, it will simply die. How much more must we give warmth, nourish and feed our relationships if we want our bond to flourish.
A newlywed couple will go out, call or text each other throughout the day. The relationship is cherished. Time together is valued.
When we take our lives and relationships for granted thinking that we will always be here, we begin to overlook the goodness we have been granted. We stop appreciating moments together. We make time for everybody but the one whom we have pledged to take care of forever. Without realizing it, we cause our spouse to feel as if everyone else comes first.
Relationships need to be nurtured. Loving words and loving gestures warm your spouse’s soul. We hear about setting up ‘date night’ but how many take out the time to have a real conversation or do something enjoyable together? Take a walk-side by side, no devices allowed. Have a hot cappuccino together. Sit down, listen to a class and then talk about it. Even read this article and exchange ideas. Do something to signal that you are invested in your relationship.
When you are in the company of others be sure to give attention to your spouse. Don’t ignore him, don’t discount her. The more you put in the greater the joy, the greater the blessing.
Moodiness is a relationship killer. (I am not speaking about a chemical imbalance, trauma, or when medication is required). It is true that we are under stress and times of crises cause tensions to erupt. Certainly, it’s easy these days to be anxious. But it is in times of challenge that we discover who we are. What am I made of? How do I impact others?
We want to create calm within our homes when the world outside seems to be falling apart. Being temperamental, snapping at your spouse, brooding, all inflict harm instead of offering stability and peace. Somehow when we need to put on a smile for a boss or business meeting we manage. How hurtful it is to be greeted with a long face and one-word grunts as replies, only to hear laughter and long conversations when speaking with friends.
We place a mezuzah on our door and have the custom to stop and kiss the mezuzah. I suggest that we take that moment before entering our home, and think. Would I want to be greeted with the face I am presenting? How would I like my spouse to greet me? Leave your moodiness behind. Speak to your partner exactly as you would wish they would speak to you. Use your heart as your inner compass.
Small acts of scorn poison the atmosphere. Disdain for the way he drives, the way she tells a story, snowballs into disrespect. Qualities that you used to find quirky even endearing, are now annoyingly frustrating. Putdowns, rolling eyes, sarcastic barbs become the norm.
Reboot. Refresh. Reconnect. Don't allow yourself to fall into this dark pit. Change will take work in both heart and mind. First, seek out the good qualities that you know your spouse possesses. You saw them and you will see them again. Time may bring us to suffer disappointment and pain. Life is not what we thought it would be. There is grief, there is sadness. People sometimes crumble. But what lies beneath? Remember the kindness, the sense of humor, the passion for life, the great story teller who loved to share?
We all want to feel cherished and loved.
Stay away from sharp words. Notice when you act with disrespect. This means tone, thought and deed. No one wins when hearts are hurting and shame becomes the language of conversation.
Do small acts of kindness. Give words of affirmation. Hold the criticism. Work on seeing the good.
This new year, make your marriage your priority. Catch yourself from making these mistakes. Live better. Love better. | <urn:uuid:442106a7-7f5d-4c41-9aa3-36da7072a60e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://aish.com/4-silent-relationship-killers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00076.warc.gz | en | 0.949205 | 1,261 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Year of Production: 2006 – 2007
Duration: 8 minutes (excerpt 3:51)
Editing: Tony Allard
Camera: Tony Allard & Kristine Diekman
Sound Design: Tony Allard, Kristine Diekman
The simple fact of failing eyesight as a result of aging, throws two unnamed individuals into a necessary symbiotic relationship. Like a typical elderly couple with failing eyesight, the two individuals in this video inevitably come to rely on each others’ sense of sight to verify and navigate their shared but subjective realities. While attempting to arrive at an objective representation of what each is actually seeing, touching, and hearing, a fractured but ernest conversation takes place in which various mundane questions are repeatedly asked such as, “Where are my glasses?”, “Did you see it?”, “Are you sure you saw it? ”, “What did you see?”, “Can you read this for me?”. As the video tape roles on, the couples’ symbiotic relationship evolves, or devolves, as they attempt identify objects in their two shared but separate fields of vision.
To further complicate the scene, the cyclopean point of view of the video camera does not become attached to either of the individuals, but rather, continually goes in and out of focus, getting lost in the visual clutter that fills the frame. Gradually, it becomes apparent that the two are preoccupied with attempting to identify, and later on build, the “Platonic Solids”, diagrams of which randomly appear and disappear on screen. As the couple stumbles through this doomed naming/building process, they can aslo be heared making several attempts to read, with two pairs of eyes, and several pairs of eye glasses, a complicated piece of text from John Berger’s book, “Ways of Seeing”. As the video progresses, their shared world becomes more and more mixed up as they lead each other farther and farther away from an objective, verifiable reality. Nevertheless, their ernest and playful attempts to cajole their conversation back into a serious and logical point of view goes on.
As the video winds down the couple is no closer to answering each other’s questions nor to sharing a reality. The dominant motivating factor in a conversation, to reach narrative closure, is repeatedly dashed throughout the video. The video fades to black, leaving only the sound of someone whistling in the dark. | <urn:uuid:d31edaa4-d8a6-40b9-9ca0-31d34548fda6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fossilmedia.net/index.php/video/skepsis/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00276.warc.gz | en | 0.94344 | 532 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Not the most sensational-sounding, or super-exciting blog post, eh? Hear me out though.....
While teaching tiny house-building workshops on my own (Nov 2-4 we have another one coming up near Boston), and for the Tumbleweed Tiny House Company, in addition to Jay Shafer's list of the 14 tools needed to build his tiny houses, I also list several of the tools that I've personally found invaluable. This list ranges from archaic hand tools (for off-grid work), to a surform, coping saw, tarps (yes, they can be considered a tool), A nail gun and air tank (hugely time saving for larger jobs), and buckets....YES, BUCKETS.....
These little $5.00 jobbers (if you purchase them and can't find 'em free), have many uses, and have saved my butt many a time while in the midst of a building project for a video, a client, or myself. I always make sure I have many of them on hand, as you never know when they might make themselves useful.
TEN WAYS IN WHICH BUCKETS can be a HUGE HELP on the BUILDING SITE....
1. Storage- If you're caught in the middle of a downpour, buckets with lids make for a quick stash spot for your tools, nails, and materials.
2. Saw Horses- use two of them to bridge a piece of wood you're working on, and you'll save your knees from a little extra bending (if you were working on the ground).
3. Carrying Water- for mixing cement, putting out fires, rinsing/cleaning tools/materials.
4. Hauling Dry Goods- tools, nails, and whatever else- its especially helpful for large amounts of small tools.
5. Step Stool- a bucket will hold a heck of alot of weight when flipped upside-down, and get you 18" or so higher.
6. Collecting Water- while building off-grid and in need of water for mixing cement, a tarp rigged to collect rainwater can be channeled into a bucket for such needs.
7. MIX CEMENT IN THEM- a mixing vessel for small batches, and carrying vehicle, in one.
8. Trash Receptacle- pretty self explanatory, as a clean work site is a safe and efficient one.
9. A composting/sawdust toilet- if there are no facilities around the site you happen to be working on.
....And I'm sure there are more uses! If you have any, please add them here....
And check out details for our Nov 2-4 Tiny House-Building Workshop right outside Boston, MA
-Derek "Deek" Diedricksen | <urn:uuid:8c94d8f4-4bf8-44bb-892b-1de4ad6d3b23> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://relaxshacks.blogspot.com/2012/08/lost-love-for-bucket-other-tools-for.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719027.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00302-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944928 | 576 | 1.828125 | 2 |
Californias Anti-Coolie Tax
AN ACT TO PROTECT FREE WHITE LABOR AGAINST COMPETITION
WITH CHINESE COOLIE LABOR, AND TO DISCOURAGE THE IMMIGRATION OF THE CHINESE
INTO THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
April 26, 1862
The People of the State of California, represented in Senate and Assembly, do enact as follows:
SECTION 1. There is hereby levied on each person, male and female, of the Mongolian race, of the age of eighteen years and upwards, residing in this State, except such as shall, under laws now existing, or which may hereafter be enacted, take out licenses to work in the mines, or to prosecute some kind of business, a monthly capitation tax of two dollars and fifty cents, which tax shall be known as the Chinese Police Tax; provided, That all Mongolians exclusively engaged in the production and manufacture of the following articles shall be exempt from the provisions of this Act, viz: sugar, rice, coffee, tea. . . .
SECTION 4. The Collector shall collect the Chinese police tax, provided for in this Act, from all person refusing to pay such tax, and sell the same at public auction, by giving notice by proclamation one hour previous to such sale; and shall deliver the property, together with a bill of sale thereof, to the person agreeing to pay, and paying, the highest thereof, which delivery and bill of sale shall transfer to such person a good and sufficient title to the property. And after deducing the tax and necessary expenses incurred by reason of such refusal, seizure, and sale of property, the Collector shall return the surplus of the proceeds of the sale, if any, to the person whose property was sold; provided, That should any person, liable to pay the tax imposed in this Act, in any county in this State, escape into any other County, with the intention to evade the payment of such tax, then, and in that event, it shall be lawful for the Collector, when he shall collect Chinese police taxes, as provided for in this section, shall deliver to each of the persons paying such taxes a police tax receipt, with the blanks properly filled; provided, further, That any Mongolian, or Mongolians, may pay the above named tax to the County Treasurer, who is hereby authorized to receipt for the same in the same manner as the Collector. And any Mongolian, so paying said tax to the Treasurer of the County, if paid monthly, shall be entitled to a reduction of twenty percent of said tax. And if paid in advance for the year next ensuing, such Mongolian, or Mongolians, shall be entitled to a reduction of thirty-three and one third percent on said tax. But in all cases where the County Treasurer receipts for said tax yearly in advance, he shall do it by issuing for each month separately; and any Mongolian who shall exhibit a County Treasurer's receipt, as above provided, to the Collector for the month for which said receipt was given.
SECTION 5. Any person charged with the collection of Chinese police taxes, who shall give any receipt other than the one prescribed in this Act, or receive money for such taxes without giving the necessary receipt therefore, or who shall insert more than one name in any receipt, shall be guilty of a felony, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined in a sum not exceeding one thousand dollars, and be imprisoned in the State Prison for a period not exceeding one year.
SECTION 6. Any Tax Collector who shall sell, or cause to be sold, any police tax receipt, with the date of the sale left blank, or which shall not be dated and signed, and blanks filled with ink, by the Controller, Auditor, and Tax Collector, and any person who shall make any alteration, or cause the same to be made, in any police tax receipt, shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and, on conviction thereof, shall be fined in a sum not exceeding one thousand dollars, and imprisoned in the State prison for a period not exceeding 2 years; and the police tax receipt so sold, with blank date, or which shall not be signed and dated, and blanks filled with ink, as aforesaid, or which shall have been altered, shall be received in evidence in any Court of competent jurisdiction.
SECTION 7. Any person or company who shall hire persons liable to pay the Chinese police tax shall be held responsible for the payment of the tax due from each person so hired; and no employer shall be released from this liability on the ground that the employee in indebted to him (the employer), and the Collector may proceed against any such employer in the same manner as he might against the original party owing the taxes. The Collector shall have power to require any person or company believed to be indebted to, or to have any money, gold dust, or property of any kind, belonging to any person liable for police taxes, or in which such person is interested, in his or their possession, or under his or their control, to answer, under oath, as to such indebtedness, or the possession of such money, gold dust, or other property. In case a party is indebted, or has possession or control of any moneys, gold dust, or other property, as aforesaid, of such person liable for police taxes, he may collect from such party the amount of such taxes, and may require the delivery of such money, gold dust, or other property, as aforesaid; and in all cases the receipt of the Collector to said party shall be a complete bar to any demand made against said party, or his legal representatives, for the amounts of money, gold dust, or property, embraced therein.
SECTION 8. The Collector shall receive for his service, in collecting police taxes, twenty percent of all moneys which he shall collect from persons owing such taxes. All of the residue, after deducting the percentage of the Collector, forty percent shall be paid into the County Treasury, for the use of the State, forty percent into the general County Fund, for the use of the County, and the remaining twenty percent into the School Fund, for the benefit of schools within the County; provided, That in counties where the Tax Collector receives a specific salary, he shall not be required to pay the percentage allowed for collecting the police tax into the County Treasury, but shall be allowed to retain the same for his own use and benefit; provided, That where he shall collect the police tax by Deputy, the percentage shall go to the Deputy. . .
SECTION 10. It is hereby made the duty of the various officers charged with the execution of the provisions of this Act, to carry out said provisions by themselves of Deputies; and for the faithful performance of their said duties in the premises, they shall be liable on their official bonds, respectively. The Treasurer of the respective counties shall make their statements and settlements under this Act with the Controller of State, at the same time and in the same manner they make their settlements under the general Revenue Act.
SECTION 11. This Act shall be take effect and be in force from and after
the first day of May, next ensuing. | <urn:uuid:4cb615af-81bd-4aa5-b3bd-8c6ed0f2dca4> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.sanfranciscochinatown.com/history/1862anticoolietax.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719027.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00303-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953627 | 1,483 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Most musicians would trade their soul for a No. 1 record and go on to carry that success like a trophy. So it's a measure of the late Alex Chilton's craft and personality that he's less defined by "The Letter," the 1967 guitar-pop gem by his band the Box Tops that hit when he was 16, than by the commercial failures that came after.
Rather, he's best known as the co-founder of the Memphis band Big Star, whose classic three records released from 1972 to 1978 have grown into some of the most acclaimed of that era. Remembered for songs such as "September Gurls," "Holocaust" and "In the Street," the latter of which served as the theme song to "That '70s Show," Chilton is a stubborn, oft-infuriating charmer in Holly George Warren's "A Man Called Destruction: The Life and Music of Alex Chilton from Box Tops to Big Star to Backdoor Man."
Chilton's musical career lasted nearly 40 years, until his death in New Orleans in 2010. In that time he wrote visionary pop music in a flash with bandmates including Chris Bell, Andy Hummel and Jody Stephens before becoming so disillusioned by the business, his relationships and life — he attempted suicide on numerous occasions — that his ambivalence extended to music itself.
At his worst he tore through friends, band members and women with reckless ambivalence. So far gone was he during the mixing of "Sister Lovers," for example, that his producer, Jim Dickinson, barred him from the studio, according to Warren. "The first night of the first session I watched him shoot Demerol down his throat with a syringe," said Dickinson. "That set the tone."
At his best Chilton turned that trouble and confusion into poetry and followed his curiosity despite the expectations of those who wanted his post-Big Star work to build on those ideas.
One listen to the dissonant deconstruction "Like Flies on Sherbert" confirms his disinterest in doing that. In fact, a few decades after he memorably sang of those who "stood on the stairs laughing at your airs" in "Holocaust" and penned the mercurial love song "Stroke It Noel," he'd nearly forsaken music and was living alone in a tent in the Tennessee woods.
Warren's deep research examines the arc of Chilton's life, uncovers periods of intense focus in famed Memphis studios, including disturbing scenes of a lover's blood on the mixing board and others of Chilton's own blood in bathtubs during suicide attempts. The writer, a former editor at Rolling Stone who has also penned books on Woodstock, Gene Autry and hillbilly and honky-tonk music among others, documents failed tours and promotional campaigns, revealing the curious fate and dashed expectations of an almost-was band and its irascible lead singer.
In fact, die-hard Chilton fans face a choice. Read "A Man Called Destruction" to better understand the dramatic life of an often indifferent songwriter and his enduring work or ignore the ugly truth behind classic lyrics such as "the drummer said you were not very clean/ And I know what he means" and remain blissfully enveloped within the music alone.
Warren devotes most time to Chilton's work and life in the 1970s and 1980s, when he moved from teen pop star to wandering troubadour to drunken ass to visionary experimenter and rockabilly sideman to devoted astrologer. While trying to get straight in the 1980s, the artist earned a living for a time as a cabdriver, dishwasher and janitor.
Gradually he returned, eventually earning a decent living through the oldies circuit, the licensing of his music, as a solo artist and a member of a re-formed Big Star, adapting to his role model status for bands including R.E.M. and the Replacements.
His was a strange path, as evidenced by the cameos in "Destruction," which include the Manson family, photographer William Eggleston, the Doors, lower east side New York scenesters and protopunks, production genius Dickinson (best known as pianist on the Rolling Stones' "Wild Horses"), a coterie of first-generation rock critics (Lester Bangs included), and the Beach Boys' Brian and Carl Wilson.
The handsome Chilton's love life could be just as dramatic. It included a few devoted girlfriends, a failed first marriage and untold numbers of groupies, the volume of which, as outlined in Warren's research, suggests a man who struggled against lecherousness as well as addiction and whose gifts, coupled with an increasing disinterest with marquee fame, suffered as a result.
By the time he died of a heart attack in 2010, the music he created had been widely recognized. Such acclaim never seemed to satisfy him — nor did he require it to. It's a credit to Warren's unflinching tone that the Chilton of "Destruction" is a charismatic, oft-frustrating man unwilling to kowtow to anything or anyone, including his muse and his legacy. You'll never hear his music the same way again.
A Man Called Destruction
The Life and Music of Alex Chilton from Box Tops to Big Star to Backdoor Man
Holly George Warren
Viking: 384 pp., $27.95 | <urn:uuid:8b64d40d-5612-43cd-8de5-9adc57d0ba4d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.chicagotribune.com/la-ca-jc-holly-george-warren-20140420-story.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00121-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.980708 | 1,120 | 1.578125 | 2 |
CSV File Splitter is a lightweight Windows application which splits huge comma separated values files, allowing further data analysis in Excel with its 1,048,576 row limit.
Using CSV File Splitter you can split data files the following ways:
- Single Excel spreadsheet containing multiple sheets, each sheet containing one million rows
- Multiple separate Excel spreadsheets containing a single sheet, each file containing one million rows
- Smaller data files, each file containing one million rows
Unlike some other packages which split data files, CSV File Splitter doesn’t even require Excel to be installed.
CSV File Splitter is available to download from the Microsoft Store on a 30 day free trial. Or you can purchase a full licence for just £0.99. The trial licence grants full access to the software, and if after 30 days you don’t want to keep using the application, that’s fine.
If you’re not convinced about CSV File Splitter just yet, then please read on…
The latest version of CSV File Splitter contains new functionality called Sheet Mode. This mode allows users to split a large CSV file into a single spreadsheet file containing multiple sheets. Prior to this update, splitting a large file could only create multiple spreadsheet files containing a single sheet. The screenshot to the right gives an idea how a split file will look in Excel.
Rather than rigidly only allowing comma separated values files, there are customisation options in CSV File Splitter allowing you to specify the delimiter. So if you have a tab, space or semi-colon separated (plus any other character) values file, this file format can be processed too.
Easy To Use
Once a file has been selected in the application a preview display allows users to customise the column data types and even exclude selected columns altogether. One key benefit of specifying column data types is that Excel will preserve the data rather than auto formatting it. Very useful if you have numeric data with leading zeroes you don’t want Excel to remove.
The split files created have a maximum limit of 1,000,000 rows per file. This is intentionally lower than Excel’s row limit to afford users the flexibility to add additional rows in Excel as part of their data analysis.
CSV File Splitter has been developed with performance in mind. And we believe it is easier to use and faster than any competing product on the market.
Don’t just take our word for it, head over to the Microsoft Store and get yourself a copy.
Easy To Access
After installation a Windows file association is added. Allowing quick access to open and process .csv, .dat and .txt file types in CSV File Splitter. This takes a way the need to ever go searching for the application.
Not only that. If you find yourself needing to split or convert CSV files regularly, you can also pin the application to the Windows Task Bar.
If you use the free trial and think something is missing from the software, please let us know by contacting email@example.com.
We can’t promise to incorporate all good ideas into the software. But if we like your idea and use it we’ll give you a full licence, absolutely free. Get in touch for more details.
Just in case you missed the download link earlier…
CSV File Splitter is available to download from the Microsoft Store on a 30 day free trial. Or you can purchase a full licence for just £0.99 The trial licence grants full access to the software. And if after 30 days you don’t want to keep using the application, that’s fine. | <urn:uuid:7dd4b6a7-5a76-4c73-b39c-8b01ea172654> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://processstorm.com/csv-file-splitter/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.859764 | 779 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Be sure to enter the BIG Christmas CASH giveaway at the end of this post!!
Many families aren’t fans of the Elf on the Shelf tradition and I can totally understand and appreciate that. I wasn’t a fan either, at first (and honestly, I’m still not a die-hard fan). I wanted to add a fun, new, memorable tradition to our family’s Christmas festivities and I had been watching my sister come up with so many fun elf scenes over the years that I decided to buy an elf on clearance after Christmas one year and try to put a Christian twist on it (see Christian elf ideas & printables below).
But…. as I said, I’m still not a die-hard elf fan and while it’s been fun for a couple of years, I have decided to look for other Christ-centered traditions, and here are the best ones I’ve found! With so many other families looking for Christian Elf on the Shelf alternatives, I thought it might be helpful to compile a list of some of the best ones and share it with you!
Hopefully one of these will add lots of fun and excitement to your Christmas season – something that will allow you to make fun memories and traditions with your children, but also something that will help your whole family keep you focus on Jesus and the real reason for the season.
Get your kids ready for an adventure this Christmas – a journey to the manger. With The Shepherd on the Search, you and your kids will read through the colorful storybook about the shepherd’s journey to the manager as well as playing a daily game of hide-and-seek with your shepherd as he presents activities, Biblical truths, and scriptures to your kids. You can get creative and come up with your own daily adventures, or check out The Shepherd on the Search website for lots of fun ideas and printables.
Have Melk the Christmas Monkey visit your kids each day, teaching them about the character of God. He’ll help prepare your child’s heart for Christmas, directing their focus to God and the special gift of His son, Jesus. You can use a monkey you already have, or purchase a cute stuffed monkey if you don’t have one. Then the Melk the Monkey book (available in print or digital) will take you through each daily lesson and help you set up your monkey activity each day, which includes a lesson about God, craft or activity, scripture reading, and more.
Your kids will help the three wise men as they follow the star to baby Jesus. This is a great option for younger kids and parents who don’t have a ton of time to prepare daily activities. The Christmas Star from Afar comes with a hard-cover book, a 14-piece wooden nativity set, and a wooden star. Hide the star every night in a new place and have your child find it in the morning. Once they find the star, they move the three wise men to the star’s location until finally, on Christmas morning, the star will be found on top of the stable where baby Jesus is.
Unfortunately it seems as though The Christmas Angel is no longer available, but I wanted to include it here because it’s such a cute idea and maybe you can purchase it from Ebay or something. But even if you can’t get your own Christmas Angel, you could easily do a make-shift version on your own.
Each morning (this does not have to be done daily) The Christmas Angel will visit your home and have a message for your child encouraging them to serve and do something for someone else. The angel is here to teach kids that it’s a greater blessing to give than it is to receive. This Christmas tradition will teach your kids the joy of giving to others, just as God gave us the perfect gift when He gave us Jesus.
If you can’t find a Christmas Angel of your own, you can simply buy a plush angel doll (or use one you already have) and do a search online for a Christmas kindness calendar for ideas and inspiration for ways you can serve others during the holiday season.
Now if you have already been doing the elf with your kids or you just like the quirky-looking little guy, you can still use him in your Christmas traditions and still have them focus on Jesus. I had refused to jump on the elf bandwagon for years because I was worried it would just add more to my plate during the holiday season and that it would take away from our focus on Jesus. But after watching my sister and friends have so much fun with it, I decided we were going to give it a go, but I wanted to make it Christ-centered. So I came up with ten ideas and printables for our elf that would focus on the true meaning of Christmas (I only did ten because as a mom of many, I just don’t have time to move our elf every single day, and that’s okay!). You can even use these printable with any plush animal or figure.
What kind of Christmas traditions do you do with your kids?
It’s the most wonderful time of the year! Christmas – a time for gratitude, togetherness, and celebration. The Christmas Blessings Giveaway is in its 8th year, and we are excited to once again bless not one family, but two, with some cash for the holiday season! I’m teaming up with an amazing group of bloggers with the hope of making this Christmas the best yet for TWO families by giving away $500 in Paypal cash to each family. What would you do with that money?!
While we wish we could bless many more families, we were able to come up with a big prize for TWO families – $500 each (delivered via Paypal) – that we pray will make a big difference in their lives this Christmas season – whether it’s to fulfill their kids’ Christmas wishes, pay off some bills, or to help build some savings, our prayer is that it helps to lessen any financial burden and/or fills a specific need.
There are lots of entry options in the Rafflecopter form below – the more you enter, the better your chance of winning! I know it can seem tedious and time consuming to go through all the entries, but isn’t a chance at $500 worth it? I think it is! Plus, all of these amazing bloggers donated their own money toward the cash prizes, so this giveaway wouldn’t be possible without them. I hope you’ll take the time to check out each one. Who knows, maybe you will find some new blogs to follow.
The giveaway will run from Monday, November 15th through Wednesday, November 24th (ends at 11:59pm EST). Winner will be notified by email shortly after the giveaway ends and will have 48 hours to respond to claim the prize or another winner will be drawn. You must have a Paypal account to win. By entering this giveaway, you agree to be added to the email lists of the participating bloggers. Please be sure to read the Rafflecopter terms and conditions upon entering. | <urn:uuid:70a5fd85-d7c5-4e10-adde-4bda931ce453> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.myjoyfilledlife.com/the-best-christian-alternatives-to-elf-on-the-shelf/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.954817 | 1,491 | 1.523438 | 2 |
For thousands of years birth doulas have helped women during pregnancy and childbirth. Doulas have the important role of providing support and advice. Although birth doulas do not have the medical experience to provide for their clients physically, they can provide much-needed emotional support that can help make a woman's pregnancy and delivery much easier.
Other People Are Reading
According to Simply Hired, the average salary for a birth doula is £33,150. However, the site also states that the salary can vary considerably. The salary depends on numerous factors, such as location and experience.
Clients and Location
The number of clients that the doula chooses to take on affects salary. It's also necessary to remember that the location of the doula can affect overall income. According to Doula.com, the cost of a doula ranges throughout the United States. For example, doulas who live in San Francisco or Manhattan should expect to make more than individuals that work in less affluent cities.
Women pay birth doulas for a variety of services. Doulas may charge separate prices for prenatal, labour and postpartum support or choose to offer their services in a package deal. Doulas might also offer their clients personal visits, for which they would charge an hourly rate. Some doulas may also supplement their income by offering childbirth education courses or lactation consulting services.
Experience and Compensation
The experience of the doula plays a role in her compensation. Doulas with little to no experience may charge significantly less. In some cases, a doula in training may offer volunteer or free services in order to gain experience. According to Doula.com, a family's financial status can also affect a doula's pay. Some doulas are willing to work on a sliding scale fee for families that want a doula but are unable to afford the service.
Some may consider the birth doulas services as priceless. Birth doulas can also help with pregnancy-related anxiety, depression and panic disorder. They also have an effect on reducing or eliminating postpartum depression. In addition to providing numerous emotional benefits, the doula's presence can reduce a woman's need for a C-section, reduce the need for medical interventions such as forceps or vacuum during delivery and reduce the amount of time that a woman might spend in labour.
- 20 of the funniest online reviews ever
- 14 Biggest lies people tell in online dating sites
- Hilarious things Google thinks you're trying to search for | <urn:uuid:daa87b5a-bdf2-4c80-98c0-1d1490784541> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ehow.co.uk/about_7379072_average-salary-birth-doula.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281151.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00113-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958035 | 514 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Gifts of Yoga:
Accessing deep states of the mind through Prayatna and Shaitilya
(Effort and Relaxation)
A well known technique to relax the body is to squeeze certain parts of the body and then relax it. The differential or rebound effect helps in greatly relaxing the muscles in the body than just merely trying to relax the muscles without causing tension or effort first.
The yogis in the olden days knew that the mind is indeed restless and difficult to control. They knew that the easiest way to get a restless mind to settle down required working with the body. They found out that by twisting the body mindfully into different forms and then letting go, enabled sinking deeper into the body and accessing deeper reaches of the consciousness which otherwise is not very easy to reach.
In verse 6.35, of the Bhagavad Gita, Krishna tells Arjuna that the mind is indeed very difficult to control and it is by practice and dispassion that it can be brought under control
असम्शय महाबाहो मनः धुर्निग्रह अछलम्
अभ्यासेन थु कौन्तेय वैराग्येन च गृह्यते
Iain Grysak in Yoga Nidrasana (Yogic sleep pose) striking the perfect balance between effort and relaxation
In fact, the majority of the benefits of yoga are only obtained when one sinks deep into a pose and is able to maintain it with comfort for a while. This aspect of holding a pose comfortably is such a key aspect of asanas that Patanjali in fact devotes one of the three sutras on asanas, in the yoga sutras, to this topic. Patanjali describes an asana as a pose that one can hold steadily with comfort.
स्थिर सुखम् आसनम् (YS 2.46)
That is why, in some yoga traditions like the Iyengar yoga tradition, importance is given to holding a pose in a relaxed manner for a long time, sometimes for fifteen minutes to half an hour, or for even longer, in poses like Shirashasana (Head Stand) and Sarvangasa (Shoulder Stand).
One might ask, "What about vinyasa traditions like Ashtanga Yoga? Are they not useful in sinking deep within ?". The Vinyasa traditions are flow based. It is important to realize that the Ashtanga Vinyasa system was developed for young people in their teens, as a way to dissipate their restless energy and bring their minds to a some semblance of steadiness to prepare for scholarly learning (see section 3 titled "Misunderstanding tapas" in this article). T.Krishnamacharya, the father of modern day yoga, developed the sequence of asanas which we now call the Ashtanga Yoga to teach teenagers in the Mysore palace .
Krishnamacharya teaching students in the Mysore palace in the 1940's
In this tradition, a strong emphasis is laid on the use of the Ujjayi (victory) breath and the bandhas(body locks), along with Dhrishti (focus of gaze) to harness the prana and focus the mind by getting into a flow state (see this article for details). Naturally, with its initial target being teens, it is quite a physically demanding practice. To be able to quickly enter various difficult poses needs a strong flow of prana in the body which needs continuous Ujjayi breathing and the use of bandhas. Many a Ashtanga Vinyasa teacher has, therefore, hurried his or her students when they had spent too long in a pose lest it should induce lethargy and make the body less malleable to do the demanding sequence of asanas. Nevertheless, if they understand the bigger context of yoga and how one needs to take the time to settle into a pose to gain the maximum benefit, they might appreciate the student's intent.
So next time you do yoga, see if you can completely relax in a pose and let go of discomfort in all parts of the body. You will enter a very precious state and the body might give you some answers to questions you may have had. This insight that develops is one of the best gifts Yoga can give you. | <urn:uuid:8761f36d-cf9a-4d59-a447-afe445796702> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.yogasukshma.com/articles-and-lecture-presentations-by-ganesh/gifts-of-yoga/accessing-deep-stated-of-the-mind-through-prayatna-and-shaitilya | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571502.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811194507-20220811224507-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.948413 | 996 | 2.546875 | 3 |
With Asian soybean rust a greater threat every year since it blew into the U.S., growers are looking for ways to counter potential rust rampages. Mississippi farmer Tim Clements believes earlier maturing varieties are among the answers.
And if fungicide treatments are needed, studies by the Southern Soybean Research Program (SSRP) indicate that if rust is present in the R1 and R3 stage, a strobilurin fungicide should be sufficient if the risk is moderate. If the risk of rust is high, then a triazole fungicide must be used, or a combination of triazole and strobilurin.
Purdue University Plant Pathologist Greg Shaner says spray recommendations for when and what to spray are similar in the Midwest and southern production areas, even though spraying may be needed sooner down South.
“In the absence of any direct experience in the Midwest with rust early enough in the season to require fungicide application,we pretty much go along with the guidelines the folks in the South have developed,” says Shaner.
Meanwhile, Clements sees early maturing beans as a way to help offset early rust invasions. He grows soybeans, corn, wheat, sorghum and rice near Greenville, MS, in the Delta. Beans are planted either in 38-in. twin-rows with 7.5-in. splits or in straight 38-in. rows.
“Soybeans are now about 70% of our production,” says Clements, who farms with Ted Smith and Caroline Hicks. “We plant mid- to late Group IVs and very early Group Vs.
“We've seen rust get closer to us, but still haven't seen it until later in the fall. With the earlier maturing varieties, we see a big advantage in preventing rust from hitting our beans at the peak time,” he says.
Rust spread into portions of the Delta and other southern regions by late summer or early fall in 2007. It was part of the fungus invasion that found rust in 335 counties in the continental U.S. through Dec. 31, the highest number of counties reporting the disease since it was first discovered here in 2004.
Soybeans are most threatened if rust occurs during the R1 flowering to R6 full-seed stage. Andy Moore,a crop consultant and rep for UAP in Greenwood, MS, says planting Group IVs should help growers get past the danger stage.
“There's no reason why planting an earlier variety that reaches maturity quickly may help save growers from at least one fungicide application for rust,” Moore says.
That's a savings of about $10/acre for the fungicide, plus about $5/acre for the cost of aerial treatment application, he says.
FOR EARLY GROUP IVS planted April 10, plants normally reach the R6 stage about July 23 in the Delta area — before rust has been apparent in the region in recent years.
In 2007, USDA's Asian soybean rust monitoring site (www.sbrusa.net) showed that rust was first confirmed in the Delta area about Sept. 15. Moore says research at the MSU Stoneville research center indicates that the April 10-20 planting period should be ideal for Group IVs, which would reach full maturity between Aug. 15 and 20.
Clements completes most of his harvesting in August, but some does go into September. “With the earlier maturing varieties, we can get beans in sooner and see a quick stand. We also see pollination earlier and miss the worst heat (usually) in July and August. We have the harvest advantages, plus get our beans before the rust-damaging stage,” he says.
GETTING BEANS OUT of the field earlier is an advantage southern growers can have over the Midwest, says Purdue's Shaner. So knowing when and what fungicides to apply can be critical if rust goes on a rampage.
SSRP, headquartered in Princeton, KY, has funded fungicide standardized trials to control Asian soybean rust over the past two growing sessions. Its trial results confirm that the first application must be made at or before rust infection begins on the lower leaves.
Based on the weather, the second application should be 14-21 days later. The canopy must be penetrated to ensure good spray coverage. Again, based on SSRP's 2007 study, the first application should be made between the R1 and R3 stages and should be a strobilurin fungicide if the rust risk is only moderate. If the risk is high, then a triazole fungicide must be used, or a combination of triazole and strobilurin.
Strobilurins are more effective on other late-season diseases, such as frogeye leaf spot, brown spot and anthracnose, says SSRP. If the threat of rust still exists, the study recommends that the second application, made between stages R3 and R5, be a triazole or one of the tebuconazoles — or a combination of triazole and strobilurin.
Shaner says growers should check for labeling before using these fungicides, as some may not have a current Section 18 approval. He points out that most fungicide labels specify that applications be made prior to the R6 growth stage, according to recommendations from an Ohio State University fungicide guideline (see chart).
“The only real difference between the Midwest and the South, to the best of our knowledge, is that rust will start earlier in southern states because that is where the fungus overwinters,” says Shaner. “The rust needs to build up there to generate enough spores to provide inoculum for the Midwest.”
SSRP (and others in the South) recommend strobilurin if risk is moderate and there is no rust actually in a field, because this class of fungicide does well against some other foliar diseases that can be a problem. The SSRP report notes that if rust is present at low incidence, a triazole is recommended because this class of fungicide has better curative activity.
Shaner says one big uncertainty for Midwest soybeans is whether the disease would need to build up on beans in the South. “There's a lot of kudzu down there, and if the disease built up on that host during the spring, spores could move from kudzu into the Midwest not much later than they reach soybean fields in the South.
“This scenario would require a storm that moved from the Gulf into the Midwest. More likely, though, growers in the South would need to treat fields at an earlier stage of development than would Midwest growers.”
He points out another difference between the South and Midwest is other foliar diseases. “In general,foliar diseases are not a big issue up here,” he says. “We usually have brown spot, but this stays down on the lower leaves until soybeans are maturing, and we don't think it does much damage.” | <urn:uuid:20bfa4b9-dfa8-489e-981c-0f352cd2424c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.cornandsoybeandigest.com/rust-relief | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282935.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00246-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949375 | 1,463 | 2.34375 | 2 |
A reminder of his major concerns after he left office
This is the fourth and final piece in the series of articles which was designed to commemorate the 17th Anniversary of Mwalimu Nyerere’s death. In this final article, we will revisit Mwalimu Nyerere’s own assessment of the country’s political and governance situation, as it was some ten years after he had left office as President of the United Republic of Tanzania.
He made this assessment on two separate occasions. The first occasion was at the publication of his book titled “Our leadership and the Destiny of Tanzania” (African Publishing Group, Harare, Zimbabwe), 1995; and the second occasion was when he gave a lengthy address to the Dar ea Salaam Press Club in March 1995, in which he made a clear expression of his major concerns and disappointments regarding what he considered had gone awfully wrong in the country’s governance system (which he discretely called ‘Nyufa’ in Kiswahili, meaning ‘cracks’ in the governance system).
The relevant issues which he discussed are paraphrased in the paragraphs which follow. (a) In his book quoted above, namely “Our leadership and the Destiny of Tanzania”; Mwalimu Nyerere gave his well considered thoughts on the need and importance of abiding by the country’s Constitution which, in his opinion, had been violated by the leadership which was then in office.
In that book, he wrote as follows: “It is of vital importance for the peace of this country, and the possibilities of harmonious development, that all the provisions of the Union Constitution, as it stands at any one moment, should be respected and honoured by all Authorities in both parts of the Union.
It is therefore the prime responsibility of the President of the United Republic, and of the Union Government under his leadership, to defend the Union, and to ensure that the Constitution is honoured in all respects.
The President and his Government must endeavour to prevent any violation of the Constitution, and any other action which brings the Union into danger”. (b) And regarding his ‘Nyufa’ speech to the DaresSalaam Press Club; Mwalimu Nyerere used that opportunity to express his thoughts on what he considered had gone awfully wrong in the country’s governance system, and emphasized that what was really needed was a President who would be able to rectify the situation and save the country from all those evils which he identified therein.
It may be remembered that 1995 was election year, so he skillfully took that opportunity to express his great disappointments or actual dismay, at certain negative developments which had taken place after he left office, by skillfully claiming that he was only advising Tanzanians on the kind of President they should elect in October of that year. He said thus: “Mimi niko hapa kuzungumzia sifa za Rais tunayemtaka. Mimi nilikuwa wa kwanza. Hivi sasa tunaye wa pili.
Ninayemsemea ni Rais wa Tatu”. Mwalimu Nyerere on the ‘cracks’ in the governance system. In our previous article which was published last week under the heading ‘Mwalimu Nyerere the teacher’, we made reference to his oratorical skills, a rather rare endowment which enabled him to explain many complex matters in a way which made it very easy for his listeners to understand the relevant matters quite clearly. He certainly was a ‘good teacher’.
And this is further demonstrated in his said address to the Dar es Salaam Press Club. For example, he said the following at the commencement of his address: “Nchi changa ni sawa sawa na nyumba mpya”; and continued to elaborate as follows (my translation from Kiswahili): “Our country is like a newly built house, which looks good and satisfactory in every respect.
But that is before it has been shaken by some disaster, such as an earthquake, which will quickly reveal its structural weaknesses, if any, and will show exactly where they are located.
These could be some minor cracks in its roof, or in its ceiling board, or in one of its walls; But the could also be major crack in its foundation. Having thus identified the relevant cracks, the owner of the House will take such necessary steps as may be appropriate in order to rectify the situation.
And if the earthquake has caused serious cracks in its foundation, what might happen is that the entire house will collapse. . . Our country is currently in a similar situation. It has been shaken and badly damaged.
We had succeeded in putting up a strong house on very firm foundations, but it has been badly shaken, and the resulting cracks can be seen in several areas. What we need to do now is to make repairs to these identified cracks. I will therefore take this opportunity to mention five serious cracks which I have identified”.
The five major cracks. Mwalimu Nyerere then continued to identify the said five cracks, in a hard hitting speech which clearly demonstrated his utter disappointment which was caused the events which had taken place.
The said speech may be paraphrased as follows:- (i) His first ‘crack’ was in relation to the state of the Union between Tanganyika and Zanzibar. Mwalimu Nyerere strongly decried certain negative developments which had taken place, in which some people, specifically some of the leaders based in Zanzibar, had started questioning the usefulness of this Union, and even demanding Zanzibar’s withdrawal from the Union!
With regard to this matter, Mwalimu Nyerere said the following: “Wapo watu wamezungumzia Uzanzibari, na baadhi yao ni viongozi wetu. Nasikia wengine wanafikiria hata kujitenga.
Kujitenga maana yake ni kuvunja Muungano; yaani wanataka nchi yetu ivunjike tusiwe tena na nchi moja, badala yake turudi kuwa na nchi mbili zilizokuwapo awali. Huku kuzungumzia Uzanzibari si jambo la fahari.
Mtu mwenye akili hawezi kufikiri kuwa Uzanzibai ni fahari, huyo hana akili. Kwani hatima yake ni kuvunja (ii) The second ‘crack’ on his list was what he described as: “kupuuza na kutojali Katiba ya nchi’ , i.e. the ‘total disregard of the country’s Constitution by the top leadership’. Regarding this matter, he was only reiterating and re-emphasizing the vital importance of respecting the Constitution by the President of the country, a point which he had also made in his book which we quoted above. In this speech, he pointed out two distinct aspects of the evil of disregarding the Constitution.
One was the strange demand which was being made by some people, for an alternating Presidency between Tanganyika and Zanzibar; while the other was the deliberate non-observance of the Constitution by the country’s top Authorities.
Mwalimu Nyerere dismissed the first aspect with the following words: “Rais tunayemtaka ni yule ambaye ni Mtanzania. Huwezi kupata Rais Mtanzania ambaye hatoki ama Zanzibar, au Tanganyika. Lakini hatumchagui kwa sababu ya Uzanzibari wake, au Utanganyika wake.
Na ikitokea Rais anayetoka Zanzibar akauweka mbele Uzanzibari wake, au Rais anayetoka Bara akauweka mbele Utanganyika wake, tatajua kuwa huyu mtu hatufai. Hiyo ndiyo sifa mama kabisa. Kwa sababu Rais tunayemtaka ni Rais Mtanzania, bila kujali kama anatoka Tanganyika, au anatoka Zanzibar”. Regarding the second aspect, Mwalimu Nyerere said: “Rais wa nchi yetu ananchaguliwa kutokana na Katiba ya Tanzania.
Na akisha kuchaguliwa, anaapishwa: kama ni Mkristo, kwa kushika Biblia; na kama ni Muislamu, kwa kushika Kuruani. Anaapishwa kwa lengo la “ kuilinda na kuitetea Katiba ya Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania, iliyowekwa kwa mujibu wa sheria”. Hadi sasa hatujachagua Rais asiyemwamini Mungu, lakini endapo siku moja tutamchagua mtu wa aina hiyo, tutatafuta utaratibu wa kumuapisha.
Lazima ataapishwa kuilinda na kuitetea Katiba ya Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania, ili endapo atashindwa kuilinda, tutajua kuwa ni msaliti. Na tutakuwa na sababu ya kumshitaki kwa kosa la kukiuka masharti ya kiapo chake hicho.
Sasa nasema hivi, hapa katikati kumetokea kupuuza puuza kwa Katiba. Hatuwezi kuendelea kupuuza Katiba. Hatuwezi kuwa na Rais anayeona haya kuitetea Katiba yetu wakati amechaguliwa kwa mujibu wa Katiba hiyo, na ameapa kuilinda na kuitetea.
Tumeona kuwapo kwa ufa huo wa kutojali Katiba ya nchi. (iii) The third ‘crack’ on his list was what he described as “Kuendesha mambo bila kujali sheria za nchi”, i.e. governance which is not in accordance with the law.
With regard to this matter, Mwalimu Nyerere said the following: “Nchi zote duniani zinaongozwa na watu. Lakini haziongozwi kutokana na akili ya mtu huyo aliyepo madarakani. Zinaongozwa kwa mujibu wa sheria zilizopo.
Ni kweli kwmba nchi zinaongozwa na watu, lakini lazima watu hao waongozwe na sheria. Haiwezekani mtu huyo awe anapata ushauri kwa mke wake, halafu kesho yake anakuja na jambo fulani jipya kutokana na ushauri huo . . . Hivi sasa, tumeona kwamba utaratibu wa sheria za nchi haufuatwi. Wapo watu wanaojaribu kuendesha nchi bila kujali sheria za nchi. Tunataka kupata Rais atakayeongoza nchi yetu ambaye jambo hili linamkera. Rais anayetambua kuwa hawezi kuendesha nchi bila kufuata utaratibu wa sheria”.
(iv) The fourth ‘crack’ on Mwalimu Nyerere’s list, was “rushwa”, i.e. corruption. “Hivi sasa Tanzania inanuka kwa rushwa” said Mwalimu Nyerere, and continued thus: “Tunataka kiongozi wa ngazi ya Rais anayejua hivyo, ambaye atasema kuwa ‘rushwa kwangu ni mwiko’.
Lakini hatutaki aishie hapo. Maana haitoshi kwa yeye mwenyewe tu kuwa mwaminifu, kwani anaweza kweli akawa mwaminifu, lakini kukawa na mashinikizo kutoka kwa ndugu zake,au jamaa zake, na marafiki zake.
Kwa hiyo lazima Rais pia awe na uwezo wa kuwaambia hao ndugu zake na marafiki zake, tena kwa kali ambayo wataiheshimu, kwamba ‘Ikulu ni mahali patakatifu, mimi sikuchaguliwa na wananchi wa Tanzania kuja kupageuza mahali hapa kuwa ni pango la walanguzi’.
In order to underscore the point of his total opposition to corruption, he told a story of how he had detained one resident Greek citizen, who had boasted publicly that the ‘entire Government of Tanzania was in his pockets’, meaning that he had bribed the whole of Mwalimu Nyerere’s Government, and therefore he could do whatever he wanted, including breaking the law, without fear of being arrested.
I should add that this was one of those few occasions when Mwalimu Nyerere’s anger reached the absolute maximum boiling point. His instant response was: “mshenzi sana huyo. Serikali yote ya Tanzania iko mfukoni mwake? Ana mfuko mpana kiasi gani”?
Lakini nikajua kwamba huyo mshenzi anayesema hivyo bila shaka kuna watu anawahonga. Hawezi kusema hivyo bila kuwa anahonga watu ndani ya Serikali, ila ni vigumu kumkamata. Basi nikasema nitamfundisha. Nikamtia ndani.
Baada ya kufanya hivyo, nikapata maombi mengi ya ‘Mwalimu muachie’. Nikasema simuachii hata kidogo. Siwezi kumwachia, hana adabu. Anasema Serikali yangu yote iko mifukoni mwake? Simwachii hata kidogo”.
(v) the fifth ‘crack’ on Mwalimu Nyerere’s list was what he described as “Ukabila na Udini”; that is to say, the evils of using tribalism and religion as a qualification for leadership. The following is what Mwalimu Nyerere said regarding tribalism: “Zamani tulikuwa tukizungumzia makabila ya Tanzania katika sura ya utani tu, kama vile ‘wewe mnyamwezi ni mtani wangu’.
Lakini hivi sasa makabila yanazungumzwa kama sifa ya mtu kupata uongozi! Leo hii, watu waliofilisika kisera wanathubutu kusema eti ‘tunataka Rais wa kabila letu’. Haiwezekani kuwa na Rais ambaye hana kabila. Lazima atakuwa na kabila lake. Lakini hatutamchagua mtu kwa sababu ya kabila lake; na wala hatutamkataa mtu kwa sababu ya kabila lake. Kwa mfano, hatuwezi kusema kwamba ‘fulani anazo sifa za kuweza kuwa kiongozi wetu.
Lakini, ah bwana, ni Mkara! Hatutafanya hivyo, hatutamkataa mtu kwa sababu tu ya kabila lake. Tukifanya hivyo, tutakuwa tunatenda dhambi kubwa sana. Lakini Ukabila bado upo, kwa hiyo lazima tuendelee kuupiga vita”.
With regard to using religion as a qualification for leadership, Mwalimu said thus: “Kuna watu ambao wanatamani nchi hii iwe ya Kikristo. Hao ni wajinga. Kuna watu wengine wanatamani nchi hii iwe ni ya Kiislamu, hao pia ni wajinga. Natumia neno zuri ‘wajinga’; situmii neno baya la ‘wapumbavu’. Ndiyo sababu nasema hawa ni wajinga.
Tunachotaka ni kwamba Rais wetu akiwa ni Mkristo, ajue kwamba hatukumchagua kutokana na Ukristo wake. Na akiwa ni Muislamu, ajue kwamba hatukumchagua kwa sababu ya Uislamu wake. Tunataka hilo Rais wetu alijue, na alikubali, pamoja na kulisimamia kwa dhati kabisa, na bila woga.
Katika nchi changa kama yetu, ni rahisi sana kwa baadhi ya watu kukimbilia Ukabila na Udini. Tunataka Rais aliye imara kabisa katika kukataa mambo hayo”. That was, once again, ‘Mwalimu Nyerere the teacher’ in action.
Kigali Agreement Creates ‘Orderly Phasedown’ of HFCs
Underwater search for MH370 is suspended
Syrian rebel groups to attend peace talks in Astana
’Pushback’ policy: Refugees in Serbia fear deportation
Eight men who own as much wealth as three billion people
|READ MORE ARTICLES ABOUT "News"...| | <urn:uuid:70f2e40e-8afc-4c9d-a0ae-a2fd307d447e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://en.igihe.com/news/tanzania-commemorating-the-17th-anniversary-of.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00440-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.826355 | 4,060 | 1.890625 | 2 |
Fact Sheet 2011–3095
Fountain Creek is a high-gradient stream on the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains in Colorado. The headwaters of Fountain Creek drain Pikes Peak, a major destination for tourism. Fountain Creek is a drinking-water source for the City of Colorado Springs, Colorado, and is used for irrigation, recreation, and other purposes between Colorado Springs and the confluence with the Arkansas River at Pueblo, Colorado. In 2008, Fountain Creek was placed on the Colorado 303(d) list of impaired streams because of fecal contamination. Colorado uses a 30-day geometric mean standard of 126 Escherichia coli per 100 milliliters as its management goal for recreational waters. The objective of this study was to identify major sources of Escherichia coli in upper Fountain Creek during exceedances of the State recreational water standard. To meet this objective, a new approach was developed and tested that uses genetic marker analysis for microbial source tracking, along with other information, to evaluate potential contributions of fecal contamination from various sources.
First posted December 6, 2011
Part or all of this report is presented in Portable Document Format (PDF); the latest version of Adobe Reader or similar software is required to view it. Download the latest version of Adobe Reader, free of charge.
Stoeckel, Donald, 2011, Evaluation of fecal contamination by human and ruminant sources in upper Fountain Creek, Colorado, 2007-2008, by using multiple lines of evidence: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011–3095, 4 p. | <urn:uuid:0d689bba-1d65-4e83-bf6c-46f78c871f58> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3095/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00378-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.899494 | 318 | 3.484375 | 3 |
Consider the following statements:
I. Non-functioning of lachrymal gland is an important symptom of deficiency of Vitamin A.
II. Deficiency of Vitamin B1 can lead to indigestion and heart enlargement.
III. Vitamin C deficiency can lead to pain in the muscles.
IV. Deficiency of Vitamin D causes increased loss of Ca++ in urine.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Answer & Explanation | <urn:uuid:cac8918d-5486-4188-ade6-8c4bb37641fc> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.gkseries.com/upsc-previous-years-solved-questions-and-answers/biology/discussion-29 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00172-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.810876 | 95 | 2.90625 | 3 |
I'm new here, so I'm not quite sure, this is the right place to write, to ask.
I'm writing a program for arduino, and I've got into some trouble.
In the end, I want my program to show the status of a sensor, connected to the arduino. This status must be read from the sensor, stored at EEPROM (arduino storage) and then, when there is no connection to the sensor, the status must be read from EEPROM.
Actually, in the end there will be two arduinos communicating wireless. But my problem is, when there is connection between the sensor, and the arduino, the sensor sends out HIGH (4V) and LOW (0V). When there is no connection, the arduino must read from EEPROM, BUT it also wants to read from the sensor, and since this is not connected, the arduino receives 0, same as LOW :(
How can I program the arduino to distinguish between LOW (0V) and 0 (disconnected)?
I realle hope you can help, and sorry for bad language, I'm Danish :)
One last thing, if anybody answers, I'm no expert on this, so please write some code, you think would work, and then try explain it. I won't be able to write code from an answer... | <urn:uuid:b7762de0-2648-4596-abab-ec3e9e1d061f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://cboard.cprogramming.com/cplusplus-programming/132951-arduino-programming-printable-thread.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00489-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956128 | 283 | 2.453125 | 2 |
Minding the Messy Middle Conversation Circle:
Holding Safe Space to
Address Anti-Asian Hate
Online Live, Real Time Session
For racialized people with lived experience
With the rise of anti-asian hate, are you:
- Feeling unsure what to do with uncomfortable emotions like anxiety, fear, sadness, grief, or anger?
- Struggling with helplessness, frozen with a sense of lack of control?
- Frustrated and hard on yourself because you wish you could speak up more, as a bystander or target of racism?
- Grappling with your racial identity and the weight of Asian stereotypes?
You are not alone.
Recent times are a lot to process. If you are grappling with how to make sense of life as an Asian in this emerging reality, but:
- You don’t know where to begin…
- You don’t know how to do it without toxic positivity bypassing…
- You have been trying to process, but you’re spiralling into an exhausting valley of difficult emotions…
- You don’t know where you can process and share safely, because no one seems to want to talk right now…
Gather in real-time for this highly interactive, guided journey to compassionately and safely explore these challenging times.
We are making room to offer this supportive space for you, the Asian/Pacific Islander/South Asian community to reflect and be present in the messy middle together in solidarity, to create meaningful connections — to ground yourself, to connect with others, and consider our responses in our emerging world.
I have some questions…
If you’re feel drawn or curious to join us, but a little unsure about showing up and participating in an event like this, it’s normal to feel a little nervous. Or maybe you have a more practical question. We’re here to address your concerns.
What can I expect from these creative conversation circles?
You can expect a guided journey, connecting through:
- creative reflection/expressive exercises
- mindfulness/visualization exercises
- facilitated journalling
- curated conversation prompts
There will be ample time to reflect on your own, but also to connect with and glean from the group’s collective experience and wisdom. You will have opportunity to share with others in small groups, but it isn’t mandatory if you’re in more of a contemplative listening mood.
Do I have to share verbally? Will I be called on to speak?
There will be multiple ways that you will be invited to choose how you can engage your participation. This means you share at a level that you decide, when you feel ready or feel compelled to speak, with or without the camera on.
We do not support “peer pressure vulnerability”. Sharing is always optional and you reserve the right and have full permission to pass.
Come as you are, your full self. And if that means you’re in a more contemplative listening mood, that is totally okay.
If something comes up for you that you prefer not to share with the whole group or in your small group, but you would still like to have a 1:1 conversation about it, you can always reach out for a conversation in a private chat, or at the end of the session where there will be extra space to connect.
Do I have to have the camera on?
That being said, we invite you to consider keeping your camera on if you are feeling up for it, as studies have been shown that can have an effect on the sense of engagement, connection, and community in the virtual space, both on your end and on ours as we facilitate.
If it’s because you have pets, partners, or kids running around, know that we don’t view them as unwelcome distractions. Just keep your microphone on mute.
What if I don't identify as artistic or creative?
For Creative Expression Workshops, we will engage in creative reflective practices equipping you with tools you can walk away with for self awareness, self discovery, and empowerment.
These include options such as writing, drawing, speaking, meditating, visualizing… Multiple options and levels will always be provided, and you get to decide what is the most supportive way for you to engage.
No prior experience is necessary by any means.
We believe every human being is creative. So our teaching approach is grounded in giving you on a strong foundation cultivating the mindset needed to fully and freely engage in the creative process holistically, from knowledge and skill, to mind and heart.
- This means, you’ll be focusing on your experiences and meditating on the meaning, themes, and connections.
- It’s more about the journey of creativity and not about the end output.
- This means perfectionism is not allowed here, and we will create a safe space for practicing and processing and getting messy.
Does the cost of your workshops include supplies?
For in person workshops, all supplies are provided.
Which class do I start with? Is this the right one for me? Will this teach me "how to" write calligraphy?
EXPRESSIVE LETTERING WORKSHOPS are more about creative exploration and using lettering as a tool for mindfulness, such as a supplement for your journaling practices, gratitude, vision boards, etc.
In these spaces, we do not spend any time on the technical aspects of how to write calligraphy.
If you would like to learn the TECHNIQUE of calligraphy, you can find out about our technical how-to workshops here>>.
Who is facilitating this session? What are your credentials?
With 20 years of experience in leadership and spiritual development, adult education, and communications, Justine crafts talks and facilitates workshop experiences that are supportive, engaging, and encouraging.
Her passion and skill is to create transformative experiences that empower people with practical tools.
She takes her role of creating safe and welcome space for all seriously, rooted in her experiences of exclusion growing up, making her an advocate of creating belonging.
We also collaborate with GUEST FACILITATORS who are experts in their respective fields. You can read their bios on the event registration page.
What's your Refund Policy?
For in person workshops, refunds are not available due to the nature of venue rentals and limited seats, however you may defer your ticket to a future workshop, (you will receive a unique credit that you can use for anything in the online shop). Or, you may transfer your ticket to a friend. Email your transfer request to justine @ itjustflows.com or you may use the contact form on this site.
For ALL workshops, if the workshop is cancelled by It Just Flows for any reason, including not reaching the minimum number of participants required to run it, you will have a choice of deferring your ticket to a future workshop, or receiving a full refund.
Will there be a replay available?
- Reflective and Expressive Lettering workshops will not be recorded in order to provide full safety and confidentiality for participants to share freely in the live experience. The main magic of these sessions is the connections that form with live interaction in community. So we encourage you to sign up, block off the time, make a date with yourself, and add it to your calendar.
- We may or may not decide to record for our own internal reflective purposes of capturing the teaching segments. We will always check in with the group at the beginning. Either way, there will not be a replay available. None of the participant dialogue will ever be shared in any way publicly or privately. We take confidentiality very seriously.
I really want to come but can't make the date. How often do you run your workshops?
Do you teach in person classes or online only? Where are you geographically located?
We currently do not offer on-demand pre-recorded videos. Let us know if you are interested in this option, and we will consider it if there is enough demand.
We are based in beautiful Vancouver, BC, Canada, where we teach in person workshops but have been known to travel to do workshops in other cities. Obviously this is currently on pause until further notice due to COVID-19 restrictions. | <urn:uuid:2a141e10-dcaa-4e3d-9a45-c9be7808c4d6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://itjustflows.com/addressing-anti-asian-hate/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.94132 | 1,716 | 2.125 | 2 |
Ennepetal, Germany. Estimates indicate that, by the year 2030, there will be five billion people living in the world‘s cities, with the number of million-plus metropolises expected to increase from a current 300 to 600 in the coming years. The rapid expansion of our urban centers has triggered a boom of major projects. High-rises in particular are currently experiencing an incredible comeback. Investors and architects are once again turning their eyes skyward. Around the world, there are 600 buildings with a height of at least 200 meters either under construction or at the planning stage. The bigger and higher the building, the greater the desire for a strong, reliable partner worldwide – particularly where the emphasis is on quality, convenience and security. And where the project involves hundreds of storeys, the quantities of the fixtures required can rise to several thousands. Here, DORMA offers its customers planning reliability, flexibility and a local presence. And the company’s references include some of the world’s best known high-rise buildings.
Asia hits the heights
In China particularly, the cities are expanding rapidly, with skyscrapers literally shooting out of the ground like mushrooms. The Shanghai Tower is a true megaproject in a megacity. With a height of 632 meters, it is the tallest building in the country and the second highest in the world. At a vertiginous 556 meters is a public viewing platform, the highest of its kind in the world. The floors below are dedicated to various activities including offices, hotels, shopping arcades and the like. The façade of the Tower twists like a spiral with a 120 degree turn from bottom to top, imparting to the skyscraper its unmistakable appearance. DORMA’s contribution to this special project encompasses door closer systems and automatic doors.
A little further west in Asia – in Singapore – can be found the d’Leedon residential complex designed by world famous architect Zaha Hadid. DORMA products used here include integrated door closers, glass architectural hardware for the shower cubicles, and automatic doors. The seven towers of the complex, each with 36 floors, appear to have been randomly tossed onto the ground. The façades seem to be constantly on the move, expanding or tapering toward the top. The result is a wide variety of new and highly individual condominium constellations, with each layout different from the next.
Up, up and away in the land of the skyscraper
In the USA – arguably the home of the skyscraper – can be found further projects involving DORMA. One of the most prestigious was certainly the contract for the revolving doors adorning the entrance area of the new One World Trade Center in New York. The main users of the 541 meter high building will be financial institutions attracted by the generous office space. The upper cuboid of the building has been rotated at an angle of 45 degrees, aligning the top and bottom quarters. This ensures that the façade does not have too capricious an aspect, while also adding to its power and dynamism. In US measurements, the new tower at Ground Zero is 1,776 feet high. This too is symbolic, for it was in 1776 that the USA declared its independence.
The new Museum of Tomorrow in Rio de Janeiro extends upward in unique and spectacular fashion. Located directly on the beach, it also pushes out onto a pier that encroaches well into the sea. The complex forms part of a major urban development project aimed at transforming Rio’s waterfront promenade into a blooming cultural and residential landscape. With its 5,000 square meters of floor space, the museum will be showcasing exhibitions dealing with the future of our planet. And the entire building is itself very much future-aligned. Its high level of energy-efficiency means that an LEED gold award – a certificate documenting the sustainability credentials of buildings – is very much in the offing. And DORMA has made its own contribution to this positive eco-balance, with door closer systems, glass architectural hardware and glass horizontal sliding walls manufactured on a resource-efficient basis to ensure a suitably small carbon footprint.
Tall and sustainable in Germany
Just like the Museum of Tomorrow, the Vodafone Campus in Düsseldorf is a green building likely to qualify for an LEED certificate in gold. The new group headquarters of the telecommunications giant provides work for 5,000 employees on 86,000 square meters of floor space distributed over 19 storeys. Important research into the design of modern workplace environments has been utilized in the building’s design, with the external architecture and interior styling reflecting the company’s corporate culture characterized by a commitment to communication and teamwork. The office complex showcases a cross-section of the DORMA product portfolio, ranging from swing door operators and automatic sliding doors to horizontal sliding walls and lock hardware.
Hotel highs in Dubai
The Gulf region is experiencing a veritable skyscraper boom at the moment. The JW Marriott Marquis Hotel in Dubai is currently cited in the Guinness of World Records as the tallest hotel in the world, with a height of 355 meters. Originally, the hotel was designed not with two but with just one tower. Now, the 1,600 rooms and suites are distributed between two towers. DORMA greets the hotel guests even as they enter the hotel through its revolving doors, with door closer systems, automatic doors and movable walls from the company also having been installed in this project.
Europe also eyes the heavens
A further project with DORMA participation is the CMA CGM Tower in Marseille, designed by star architect Zaha Hadid. The lower third of the façade in particular exhibits a unique dynamic. For the vertical frame alone, 1,172 different geometries were needed, although these are concealed and virtually invisible between the layers of the two-skin façade. DORMA is represented in this apparently dancing tower in Marseille with a total of 600 integrated door closers.
Completed just in time for the 2012 Summer Olympics, The Shard in London features DORMA door closer systems, automatic doors and electromagnetic sliding doors. The tower, located close to London Bridge, measures 310 meters in height, dwarfing all of London’s other skyscrapers. It will provide working space and facilities for over 10,000 people. Bright and transparent with a distinct shape and unmistakable silhouette, The Shard looks like the tip of an iceberg. | <urn:uuid:2bed1acf-5092-4248-b990-b971344a34d6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.dorma.com/hk/en/news-events/press-releases/16.10.2013-the-comeback-of-the-skyscraper.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00391-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939731 | 1,334 | 1.890625 | 2 |
This technique is another nice way to tack up a hem. It can be applied to the cuffs, neck or hemline of a sweater. It involves two simple movements that are illustrated below.
Draw the threaded yarn through the right half of a stitch on the folded up hem from right to left. Make sure it passes underneath the working yarn on the way out.
Next insert the needle through a purl bump on the backside of the fabric you are tacking the hem to. Pass the needle from top to bottom. If you are sewing a straight seam, make sure that you are sewing through purl bumps that are along the same row. Otherwise your hem will be uneven. | <urn:uuid:03bba142-cb82-4496-90fd-44529657365b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://tutorials.knitpicks.com/herringbone-stitch/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00282-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.929935 | 139 | 1.976563 | 2 |
The White Elephant: The Trouble with Foreign Aid in Africa
When you are travelling off the beaten track there is no guarantee to only see the wonderful things of the world. In fact, sometimes you also have to face very sad situations like for example begging children. You shouldn't give them anything, because they supposed to go to school, but they learned that is simpler asking tourists for sweets or money instead of walking a long distance to school and study. Sometimes it breaks your heart, but that is also part of travelling, especially in Africa.
Recently I watched a German documentary (still unreleased) with the title 'Süßes Gift' (which means translated 'sweet poison'). And I read the book 'The Trouble with Africa' from Robert Calderisi. Both publications, the documentary and the book, describe the problems with foreign aid, food aid and the huge difficulties the continent of Africa still has to deal with. Like the 'forbidden gift' to the begging children, a lot of people are questioning the foreign aid and the food aid. Among others it has been argued, that as long as the people in Africa are used to getting free food aid, why should they use their own strength and help themselves? Well, maybe the connection between begging and ditching school in case of children is quite obvious, but is foreign aid really a 'sweet poison' and are all the Africans lethargic? The whole field of foreign aid is undeniable far more complicate. But as a matter of fact, foreign aid is a global business.
Historically the idea of the foreign aid started after World War II. Institutions like the World Bank and the IMF were founded in 1944. The Marshall Plan (1947) was a major program to rebuild the war-battered European economies. In the 1960s the foreign aid flourished when most of the African Countries became independent. A basic idea was to give money to undeveloped countries that they supply raw material and manufacture light products like textiles and shoes. Right from the beginning the foreign aid was a business and the donor countries expected to benefit from the process as well: Foreign aid is given as a loan and, if the development is successful, the rich countries eventually find new ready markets for their products. Since the 1960s the foreign aid was increased steadily. In 2009 roughly $35 billion of international foreign aid from the ODA countries went to sub-Saharan Africa each year.
The debate about the impact and the success of the foreign aid is merely endless and still continuing. Inarguably the donor countries made a lot of mistakes. During the Cold War foreign aid was partly misused to influence or support African leaders. The idea of the often criticized 'tied aid' dominated the foreign aid from 1950s to 1980s and led to the fact that donor countries in some cases benefited much more from the aid than the development countries themselves. There are many examples of failed projects which were financed based on foreign aid. The documentary 'Sweet Gift' tells the story about a project of the Norway's development agency in the 1980s, who tried to teach Kenyan nomadic cattle herders how to fish and run a fish-freezing factory to sell the fish from Lake Turkana all over the world. The project failed miserably and the factory closed before they even started the production and was abandoned many years. Now a part of the people of the Turkana area is still dependent on food aid from the UN. Another example is the Mufindi pulp and paper factory in Tanzania, also in the 1980s (described in the book 'The trouble with Africa', Robert Calderisi), which is a good example for a 'White Elephant' project. A generous loan was given (about $200 million), but the investment was too large and the technology to advanced and it was never successful. And who paid the bill for the experiment? It was Tanzania by paying back the loan over 20 years.
The list of failed projects is long. On the other hand, the donor countries as well as the developing countries should have learned from the past and from the partly disastrous projects. There are many people denying that only the donor countries are part of the problem. Still the African continent has a huge problem with corruption, and there is no guarantee that the foreign aid money reaches the poor people of a country. Some studies claim that only 30% of the aid reaches the people in need, the other 70% percent are either wasted or lost in corruption. The Chad-Cameroon Oil Pipeline Project is a good example. The project of the 1070km pipeline was financed by a consortium of ExxonMobile, Petronas Malaysia and Chevron. The World Bank also joined the consortium and supported the project, but under the condition, that a large part of the oil revenue goes to a Future Generations Fund, health, education and other development projects. The pipeline was opened in 2003 and then operated by the consortium. However, the World Bank left the consortium 2008 because part of the revenue was used from the government of Chad to obtain arms. President Idriss Déby changed the terms of the initial agreement to give him a free hand in spending the money of the oil revenue.
Africa has more than doubled its population over the last 30 years, at the same time Africa has grown steadily poorer by loosing half its share of world markets and suffering a loss of income of about $70 million between 1970 and 1990. Considering these facts many studies come to the conclusion that foreign aid in Africa isn't working. P. T. Bauer, a developmental economist and best remembered for his opposition to state-controlled foreign aid, pointed out: "The argument that aid is indispensable for development runs into an inescapable dilemma. If the conditions for development other than capital are present, the capital required will either be generated locally or be available commercially from abroad to governments or to businesses. If the required conditions are not present, then aid will be ineffective and wasted." By implication it means, that Africa only can be developed properly by attracting private investments.
It is interesting to follow how nations like China and Malaysia are nowadays severely investing in Africa. China's cumulative foreign aid in Africa rocketed from under $100 million in the past to more than $39 billion end of 2009. Hopefully both countries learn from the past. Julius Nyerere, the charismatic first president of Tanzania, visited the World Bank 1998 and said: "We've had our faults, but you [the World Bank and the IMF] have been running Africa for the last 10-15 years, not literally, but essentially, as national budgets have shrunk, African debt has grown, and political options have narrowed. Whatever mistakes we made, we made together." Learning from these mistakes should hopefully avoid the problem with the "White Elephant" created by misguided foreign aid in the future, regardless whose fault it was. But to be honest, I'm not so sure about that. | <urn:uuid:43335b26-eef2-45e6-8515-f8f45a8e36bb> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://dietmartemps.com/travel-blog/perm/the-white-elephant-the-trouble-with-foreign-aid-in-africa_384/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719136.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00466-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972014 | 1,398 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Straight up fantastic
by TRACEY BARNES PRIESTLEY
I VIVIDLY RECALL THE DAY MY OLDEST daughter -- then a college freshman in the Bay Area -- came home for Christmas break. In the house for no more than 30 minutes, she took up her place at the kitchen counter and proudly announced, "I actually taught a child how to read."
The significance of her statement was not lost on me, as I consider reading to be one of those skills that leads to happiness and success on many levels. But as a parent, I was also thrilled that my daughter, at such a young age, was having the opportunity to experience the joy and satisfaction of working to improve the lives of others, all because she had the good fortune of becoming an AmeriCorps member.
Throughout the nation, 50,000 Americans age 17 and older are working to meet community needs through the AmeriCorps program. As mentors and positive role models for children of all ages, they provide services in many areas, such as education, the environment and public safety.
The good news for those of us living in Humboldt County is that we have more than 50 dedicated individuals, known as RCAA Straight Up AmeriCorps members, currently serving at sites in Arcata, Blue Lake, Eureka, Fortuna and Manila. Each mentors an average of 10 students every week (although I've learned that this estimate is actually low). That's approximately 500 kids on the receiving end of what I consider to be beneficial time and energy. It's the kind of work that can truly alter someone's life.
For their tireless efforts, full-time Straight Up AmeriCorps members receive a stipend, health insurance and educational grants that can be used towards college tuition. Part-time members receive similar benefits at a lower rate. But while the financial compensation is certainly appreciated, it must be the emotional satisfaction and learning opportunities that truly reward AmeriCorps members.
Jana Wilson has returned for a second year as a Straight Up AmeriCorps member. "Mentoring is a great experience. It's hands-on and we can have an amazing impact on a kid's life." Wilson, originally from the Seattle area, is one of 13 AmeriCorps members currently working at Eureka High School. She mentors through the Work Force Investment Act, a program designed to help youth overcome barriers to completing their education, such as homelessness, living in foster care, or physical disability. Wilson says, "It's difficult work but so much fun. We'll do academic tutoring but we might also work on social skills. Maybe I'll help a student with a resume or even attend a basketball game on the weekend -- anything that shows I care."
Marge Chrichton, Special Projects Counselor for Eureka High School, oversees the school's Straight Up AmeriCorps program. "Our members are from all over the country. We try to place them where their strengths and interests are. As a community partnership, we bring something to them and they certainly bring something to our students and staff."
The agency we can thank for this comprehensive range of services is Redwood Community Action Agency (RCAA), a locally based, private nonprofit organization that provides a wide range of services to low and moderate income residents of Humboldt County. They began a partnership with Straight Up AmeriCorps in 1995, focusing on the prevention of youth violence. The following year, the program concentrated on targeting disengaged youth, those at risk of dropping out of school. In 1997, Straight Up AmeriCorps further refined its goal -- to increase school success and involvement of at-risk youth through a myriad of activities including tutoring, mentoring, after-school and summer programs, community service projects and academic and life skills management.
To actually pull off all of this requires a well-orchestrated effort on the part of many individuals and groups throughout the entire county. Jessica Tolman, a member of AmeriCorps Vista (a related but different program), enthusiastically promotes Straight Up AmeriCorps: "We currently have 21 local RCAA Straight Up AmeriCorps community partnerships. Each program site is different, but the goal remains the same -- direct mentoring for at-risk youth."
How this is accomplished is varied and downright imaginative. Tolman gave some examples: "Straight Up AmeriCorps members might provide daily tutoring, attend classes with a student, provide youth in-service learning opportunities (wherein kids learn by doing for others) or take them to recreational, academic and cultural activities on the weekend. They really do whatever it takes to guide and support that particular youth."
The funding for all of this is an economic jigsaw puzzle. Tolman tried to explain the complexities to me. "It`s creative economics! RCAA Straight Up AmeriCorps is funded by all levels -- federal, state and local resources pooled together. The Corporation for National and Community Service is the source of federal financial contribution and provides funding for a variety of service opportunities. We also receive support from the Governor's Office on Service and Volunteerism. On the local level, each community partnership contributes funding. For example, a school provides money to secure Straight Up AmeriCorps members at their site." I'll admit I had trouble following the paths of all of these funding sources. "Creative economics" struck me as a real understatement.
But the fact that these bureaucracies can somehow work together seems to reflect exactly what RCAA Straight Up AmeriCorps is all about -- people at every level successfully coordinating their efforts to benefit so many Humboldt County kids. It doesn't get any better than that.
© Copyright 2003, North Coast Journal, Inc. | <urn:uuid:b2be2b8a-7b45-41ed-b566-83d2495645d9> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.northcoastjournal.com/041703/goodnews0417.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720000.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00023-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96523 | 1,189 | 1.789063 | 2 |
SHIRLEY, Maine — This small town in the Moosehead Lake region would have been called Somerset during its March 9, 1834, incorporation had it not been for a legislator who preferred the name Shirley.
This town, which will celebrate its 175th anniversary on Aug. 8, had its beginnings before 1834, according to local historian Everett Parker of Greenville. Shirley Township was originally a part of the “Million Acres” of the Bingham Kennebec Purchase, he said Friday. But the town officially was organized in 1834.
“Over the years, the land was subdivided and townships were carved out by hardy settlers,” Parker said. “Today, Shirley is one of 43 named townships created from the ‘Million Acres.’”
That rich history will be celebrated in style next month with events including a stamp cancellation and postcard available at the Shirley post office. The stamp, which features the three town buildings — the town hall, the fire station and the school, which was constructed the year the town was incorporated — was designed by John and Debi Lynne Baker.
Collectors can get the postmark for up to 30 days after the date of issue at the post office. To go along with the cancellation mark, 175th birthday postcards are available.
Debi Baker, an organizer of the celebration, said one of the highlights of the anniversary would be a birthday cake contest. “We are inviting all bakers of all ages to submit their favorite cakes for our birthday celebration,” Baker said this week. Judging will be in two categories: taste and a people’s choice award for the best-looking cake. First place in each category will receive $25 in cash. All participants will receive commemorative pins. There also is a children’s category with the same prizes.
Organizers promise the biggest parade this community has seen. Baker said groups already committed to the event include bagpipers, drummers and war veterans. Many local groups will have floats and there will be plenty of marching units and vehicles.
Another highlight will be a fireworks display at 9 p.m.
Baker said there also will be a craft show, concession stands, tours of public buildings, poetry readings, children’s games, book signings, a barbecue, and entertainment by Bobby and Gang with Linda Hamilton, Vintage Country, and Big Daddy and the Accelerators.
Old Home Sunday at the Shirley Community Church will be held on Aug. 9. A special service will be held at 10 a.m., and a dinner will be served at 11:30 a.m. at the Shirley Town Hall. The dinner will be $7 for adults, $3 for children 5-12, and children under 5 will be admitted free of charge. Proceeds from this event will benefit the Shirley Community Church operating fund. For information about Old Home Sunday, contact Everett Parker at 695-3163 or by e-mail at firstname.lastname@example.org.
For information about the cake contest and other anniversary events, call Baker at 695-2460. To register for the parade, call Colleen and Dave Taylor 695-0375. | <urn:uuid:f984ea08-bc73-4ed5-9b6f-ef09abee5878> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://bangordailynews.com/2009/07/24/news/shirley-to-celebrate-175th-anniversary-with-events-postmark/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285289.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00147-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958905 | 667 | 1.578125 | 2 |
- Open Access
Accuracy of RNA-Seq and its dependence on sequencing depth
BMC Bioinformatics volume 13, Article number: S5 (2012)
The cost of DNA sequencing has undergone a dramatical reduction in the past decade. As a result, sequencing technologies have been increasingly applied to genomic research. RNA-Seq is becoming a common technique for surveying gene expression based on DNA sequencing. As it is not clear how increased sequencing capacity has affected measurement accuracy of mRNA, we sought to investigate that relationship.
We empirically evaluate the accuracy of repeated gene expression measurements using RNA-Seq. We identify library preparation steps prior to DNA sequencing as the main source of error in this process. Studying three datasets, we show that the accuracy indeed improves with the sequencing depth. However, the rate of improvement as a function of sequence reads is generally slower than predicted by the binomial distribution. We therefore used the beta-binomial distribution to model the overdispersion. The overdispersion parameters we introduced depend explicitly on the number of reads so that the resulting statistical uncertainty is consistent with the empirical data that measurement accuracy increases with the sequencing depth. The overdispersion parameters were determined by maximizing the likelihood. We shown that our modified beta-binomial model had lower false discovery rate than the binomial or the pure beta-binomial models.
We proposed a novel form of overdispersion guaranteeing that the accuracy improves with sequencing depth. We demonstrated that the new form provides a better fit to the data.
To measure gene expression by RNA-Seq, RNA molecules are converted to DNA, sequenced, mapped to a gene database, and counted [1–3]. RNA-Seq then provides a digital readout of the gene expression levels. As the cost of next-generation sequencing drops rapidly, RNA-Seq may replace microarray methods in genome-wide surveys of gene expression. Compared to microarray technology, RNA-Seq has several advantages, including the ability to simultaneously detect mutations, discovering alternative transcript [4–6] and alternative splicing [7–10].
It is common to study the changes in gene expression under a perturbation. The perturbation can be, for example, the deletion of a gene, which is important in characterizing the function of a new gene, or it can be the stimulation of cells by a ligand, which is important in deciphering a pathway. Many experimental techniques, such as RNA interference , have been developed in recent years to make it easier to delete genes in mammalian cells. For an embryonic lethal gene in the mouse model, the Cre-lox system can be used to perform conditional gene knockout in a tissue-specific manner . These gene deletion techniques facilitate the study of gene functions for a large fraction of mammalian genes that remain to be characterized. Furthermore, two-sample comparisons apply when studying pathways through receptor stimulation. These methods have become increasingly popular for examining signal transduction pathways holistically. In such studies, the emphasis is on the function of genes or pathways and not on the genetic background in which the study is carried out. Therefore, one repeats the experiments in the same cell line or in mice with identical genetic backgrounds, and expects to find no genetic variation. In this situation, the difference in gene expression can be due to different methods of handling the biological samples (library preparation), as well as statistical fluctuations from the finite number of tags mapped to each gene. The uncertainty in the outcome of RNA-seq in repeated experiments of identical genetic background is yet to be characterized.
Such uncertainty affects the ability to affirm which genes are differentially expressed between a sample and a control. We focus on estimating the change in gene expression because the absolute amounts of RNA, by themselves, as measured by the RPKM (reads per kilobase of read length per million mapped reads) of the sequenced tag values , are not useful in most cases for biological interpretation. We hypothesize that experimental uncertainty is due primarily to the library preparation steps before sequencing, that it is intrinsic to the experimental protocol, and can therefore be characterized from repeated experiments. The expression difference is estimated based on the computation of a p- value, which can be calculated from repeated experiments using a t-test. However, since in RNA-Seq, the expression ratio derived from low sequence reads should have a larger error, it would be valuable to statistically estimate the error due to low counts . Binomial and beta-binomial [14, 15] distributions can be used to characterize small tag count fluctuations.
A fundamental question in RNA-Seq analysis is how the accuracy of measured gene expression change by RNA-Seq depend on the sequencing depth . Here the sequence depth means the total number of sequenced reads, which can be increased by using more lanes. A binomial distribution is often used to compare two RNA-Seq experiments. In this model, uncertainty approaches zero as where N is the tag counts for the gene. Indeed, the sequencing of the same DNA in different sequencing lanes produces errors consistent with the binomial distribution [13, 17]. However, comparisons of different samples have shown a dispersion larger than that given by the binomial distribution [18, 19]. A beta-binomial distribution appropriately describes the overdispersion. This type of distribution has been used for the analysis of differential gene expression levels in SAGE libraries , and to model peptide count data with both within- and between-sample variation in label-free tandem mass spectrometry-based proteomics . For the dispersion, the error is a sum of two parts: the first part goes to zero following , and the second part is a constant that is independent of N. The constant is ideal for describing the genetic variant. However, where genetic variations are not expected, it is inconsistent with the intuition that the accuracy of the measurement should improve with increasing depth of sequencing. In this paper, we provide empirical evidence that the error goes to zero as the tag count N increases, but at a slower rate than . We aim to characterize these overdispersions gene by gene, using a pair of replicate experiments. We compared the results in a dataset in which multiple replicates were also available. We used a form of overdispersion based on a beta-binomial distribution, but one in which the overdispersion parameter depends explicitly on the number of tags. The form we used was suggested during a study of the standard deviation as a function of the tag count. We demonstrated that the modified beta-binomial distribution improve performance.
Normalization by proportion
The use of a proportion is a convenient way to compare two samples. Let n i and m i be the number of tags mapped to gene i. The proportion is defined as . It is convenient to use proportion because differences in proportion give rise to p- values using established statistics such as binomial and beta-binomial distributions. A proportion is also a convenient component of a normalization procedure.
In order to detect differential expression in two samples, we must determine the ratio of the counts in the two samples that corresponds to the same expression. One method, adapted in calculating the RPKM, assumes that the total number of tags sequenced, and equivalently the total amount of RNA, is a constant. The problem with RPKM normalization is that the number is dominated by a few genes that receive the highest sequence reads. These genes may or may not remain constant under the two experimental conditions. One could also use housekeeping genes such as POLR2A (polymeras II) or GAPDH in a normalization procedure. The problem with relying on a housekeeping gene is that the normalization depends on the choice of genes. Since the number of housekeeping genes is small, this normalization procedure is subject to fluctuation due to relatively small tag counts on these genes. Bullard et al. have shown good results with an upper-quartile normalization method .
The most conservative normalization procedure assumes that the maximum number of genes remains unchanged in the two experimental conditions. This corresponds to the maximum in the histogram ratio of tag counts . The tag counts proportion p i is more convenient to use. The maximum in a histogram of p i corresponds to the neutral ratio p n , where the expression levels are assumed to be equal in the two samples. This maximum can be determined from fitting a Gaussian (or beta function) to the peak of the histogram (Figure 1). In this formulation, the RPKM normalization corresponds to choosing , where N and M are the total number of tags to genes in the experiment and control.
This peak of histogram normalization is expected to be the most reasonable procedure for the Chiang dataset , which consists of the wild type and knockout versions of the TDP-43 gene (see Data and Methods for details). For this dataset, we expect the perturbation to the global gene expressions to be smaller than when comparing two different types of cells. Indeed, our peak of histogram normalization procedure resulted in a median of base-2 logarithm of expression difference ratio between the wild type and knockout gene of 0.014, which is to be compared to 0.025 for the median under the RPKM normalization procedure. This showed that peak normalization was comparable to and perhaps slightly better than RPKM normalization.
Normalization is performed according to the assumption that most of the genes do not change expression in the two experimental conditions. Although this convenient assumption is probably true in most cases, it has no ironclad biological justification.
Binomial distribution fit the variance from the same library but not for different libraries
We empirically studied errors in RNA-Seq experiments by examining the variance from replicated measurements. We first examined the fluctuation in reads mapped to a gene from duplicate experiments based on the same biological sample. The p- values of the differences were computed according to a binomial distribution by comparing to a neutral ratio p n as determined by peak normalization. For the same sample and the same library preparation sequenced in different lanes of the Illumina sequencer, the histogram of the p- value is flat (Figure 2a). This indicates that the errors in different lanes containing sample from the same library are consistent with the binomial distribution. In contrast, the histogram of p- values according to the binomial distribution for two independent library preparations showed clear overabundance of small p-values (Figure 2b). This demonstrated that the binomial distribution does not adequately describe the data—the dispersion of the random fluctuation is stronger than that given by the binomial distribution. We use the term library preparation to refer to an independent extraction of RNA, conversion to DNA and PCR amplification of DNA. Since the experiment and the control must be in separate library preparations, it is important to capture this overdispersion. The overabundance of small p- values for different libraries was also true when we used Fisher’s exact test (data not shown). When we used the beta-binomial distribution to compute the p- value for the different libraries, the histogram was flat. This shows the overdispersion is accounted for by the beta-binomial distribution. A Q-Q plot against either a binomial or beta-binomial distribution (data not shown) also indicated that the beta-binomial distribution better fitted the data.
Errors decreased with sequencing depth
We first addressed the uncertainty in the RNA-Seq measurement and how uncertainty was related to the sequencing depth empirically from repeated measurements. Specifically, from replicates of the biological sample, we calculated the standard deviation of the proportion. If the proportion satisfied the binomial distribution, we expected , where n i and m i are tags mapped to gene i in two duplicate experiments of the sample (possibly from different libraries), and p n is the normalization proportion. Figure 3 shows a plot of , averaged over pairs of duplicate experiments (Table 1), as a function of the mean n i + m i for the three sets of experimental data. These figures show that the variance of the proportion continued to decrease at large n i + m i and there was no sign of saturation. However, the rates of decrease with the tag counts depended on the dataset and were slower than that given by the binomial distribution.
Modified beta-binomial distribution
We used a beta-binomial distribution to describe the overdispersion in the data, as shown in Figure 2b. However, in the beta-binomial distribution, the standard error approaches a constant as the mean tag counts become very large, whereas empirically, the standard error follows a decreasing trend at large tag counts (Figure 3). We therefore made the following assumption about the form of the θ parameter in the beta-binomial distribution (see Method for details). Let n i and m i be the number of tags mapped to gene i. We make θ i depend explicitly on the tag counts.
Under this assumption, for 0 <γ < 1, the asymptotic form of the variance of the proportion at large tag count N i = n i + m i according to the beta-binomial distribution is . Therefore the variance of the proportion of the modified beta-binomial distribution does approach zero at large N, but at a slower rate than in the binomial distribution.
Determining the parameters γ and D i
Although γ can be estimated from the slope and intercept, in the log scale of variance versus the mean tag count (Figure 3)., it required multiple experiments and had low accuracy due to data scattering. For a better estimation of the parameters γ and D i in Eq.(1)), we used maximum-likelihood estimation (MLE). In this approach, the likelihood was derived from the beta-binomial distribution of tag counts n i and m i for gene i, and summed over all the genes and over all the pairs of duplicate experiments. The overdispersion parameters θ i were given by Eq.(1) and the parameter γ and parameters D i for each gene were chosen to maximize the likelihood. The plots in (Figure 4). were obtained by performing a full optimization of likelihood Eq.(eq:likelihood) (see Data and Methods) with respect to D i for each γ, and plotting the optimized likelihood values against γ. Table 2 compares the γ from two estimates. The estimated γ depended on the data. We computed γ for three sets of data. The values ranged from 0.2 to 1.0 (Figure 4). These estimates were consistent with those from the standard error (Figure 3).
Comparison of beta-binomial and binomial distributions
Figure 5 shows a comparison of the false discovery rates (FDR) and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) for genes deemed to be differentially expressed by the binomial and beta-binomial distributions. For the Bullard dataset, the results were comparable for the two distributions. For the Caltech and Chiang datasets, the beta-binomial distribution was superior (for dataset details, see Data and Methods).
We took the top 300 genes deemed most significantly differentially expressed by a t-test, and by binomial and beta-binomial distributions, and overlaid them in a plot of the fold change versus the average tag counts (see Figure 6 and Figure 7). We note that the genes identified as significantly differentially expressed by the binomial distribution tended to have large tag counts; whereas many genes identified as significantly differentially expressed from the t-test had small tag counts. Some genes identified as significantly differentially expressed by the binomial distribution (marked by a triangle only) were not identified as significantly differentially expressed by the beta-binomial distribution, even though they had higher fold changes than other genes at similar tag counts. The large fluctuations of these genes are evident because they were also not called significantly differentially expressed by the t-test.
We have investigated the error of RNA-Seq gene expression from repeated measurements. We have shown that the sequence reads from the same biological sample sequenced in different lanes follows a binomial distribution and that the library preparation steps prior to sequencing introduced larger variations from repeated experiments of the same biological specimen. We showed that the accuracy from repeated measurement improved with the sequencing depth. However the improvement with the tag counts was generally slower than predicted by the binomial distribution. We used a beta-binomial distribution to fit the inter-library overdispersion and introduced a parameterization of the overdispersion parameter that is consistent with the intuition that measurement accuracy should increase with the sequencing depth. We optimized the overdispersion parameters using maximum-likelihood estimation. We demonstrated better performance in lower FDR using our modified beta-binomial model.
Using the proportion of counts to estimate the gene expression difference has advantages over the RPKM expression. It has been shown recently that, in contrary to a naive presumption, the number of tags mapped to different positions in the same gene are highly non-uniform . The Poisson rate at different positions can fluctuate by a few hundred fold. However, the pattern of the variable rates along the position of the gene is highly reproducible, even when comparing experiments performed on different tissues. And such rates depend on the nucleotide composition of the local sequences. The main contribution of the variable Poisson rate is that it can be attributed to the hexamer primer in converting RNA to DNA . These data suggest that uneven PCR amplification could be the cause of the overdispersion that was observed. In estimating gene expression differences using a proportion, the highly variable Poisson rates do not need to be estimated. Such rates only enter the process indirectly through the dispersion. Not having to estimate the highly variable Poisson rates is therefore advantageous.
When the value of γ in Eq.(1) is zero, our model reverses back to the beta-binomial distribution. Interestingly, the γ values estimated in the different datasets were not the same. This phenomenon is similar to the GC bias in sequencing data, which also depends on the experiments . Therefore γ may be influenced by the experimental protocol that is used. The Caltech and Chiang datasets had similar values of γ. In these two datasets, the D i values are similar for the same gene (data not shown). This is quite consistent with the previous finding that the variability of the Poisson rates is similar in different experiments. It would be interesting to study how D i may depend on the DNA sequences of the gene. Another parametrization of overdispersion is by position within a gene using Eq.(1). These possibilities will be explored in the future.
Peak of proportion histogram normalization
The normalization procedure using the peak of the histogram of proportion assumes that most genes remain unchanged in the two conditions being compared. In this normalization procedure, we fitted the highest peak in the histogram of proportion to a beta function. The maximum of the beta function determines the normalization proportion p n .
In RPKM normalization, we first count the total number of tags mapped to any gene in the RNA-Seq experiment. The number of tags mapped to a particular gene is divided by the total number of tags sequenced (the unit is millions of tags), and then divided by the number of nucleotides in the gene (the unit is thousands).
The three datasets we used are listed in Table 1.
The Chiang dataset consisted of five independent libraries of the deleted TDP-43 gene in the mouse. The data were derived from three independent clones of TDP-43 knockout embryonic stem (ES) cells and two independent clones of control ES cells. Raw reads were mapped to the University of California Santa Cruz mm9 genome library by efficient large-scale alignment of nucleotide databases. One gene deletion is an ideal case for testing normalization procedures with the assumption that most genes do not change.
The Caltech dataset consisted of two cells lines: GM12878 (normal blood) and H1hESC (embryonic stem cells), each with four libraries made independently from the same biological sample. The process involved raw Illumina reads on 2x75 datasets (RawData files on the download page, fasta format), which were run through Bowtie, version 0.9.8.1, with up to 2 mismatches. The resulting mappings were stored (RawData2 files, Bowtie format) for up to ten matches per read to the genome, spiked controls and UCSC knownGene splice junctions.
The Bullard dataset consisted of human brain reference RNA and human universal reference RNA as two library preparations. We used Bowtie, version 0.12.7, to align the reads to the genome (H. sapiens, NCBI 37.1 assembly). The Bowtie command we used to implement this mapping strategy was ./bowtie -a -v 2 -t -m 1 --best -strata h_sapiens_37_asm.
Maximum-likelihood estimation (MLE)
Let n ip and m ip be the tags mapped to the i-th gene and p-pair of experiment and control, respectively. The likelihood function according the beta-binomial distribution is
where α ip and β ip are two parameters of the beta-binomial distribution. This is equivalent to using instead the following parameters , and . It can be shown analytically that the proportion that maximizes the likelihood function is given by . We will further assume that θ ip is independent of of p; we use Eq.(1) to reparameterize θ i in terms of parameters D i and . The parameters were determined by maximizing the likelihood
Likelihood ratio test
According to the likelihood ratio test, follows a Χ2 distribution, where p i is the proportion for gene i and p n is the normalized proportion corresponding to no change in gene expression. This is the most convenient way to compute the p- value.
FDR and ROC
To determine the false discovery rate (FDR), we assumed that any gene deemed to be significantly differentially expressed at a given p-value were false when comparing two replicates sequenced from the same biological sample. We computed the FDR by dividing the number of falsely discovered genes at a given p- value with the number of significantly differentially expressed genes, comparing the sample to the control at the same p- value.
To determine the receiver operating characteristic (ROC), we first established a gold standard. Approximately one thousand genes in the Bullard dataset were previously assayed by RT-PCR in four independent experiments . Differentially expressed genes were determined by t-test by Bullard et al. . We used their results to draw an ROC curve when comparing the binomial and beta-binomial distributions for the Bullard dataset. For the Caltech and Chiang datasets, we assumed that the t-test provided a gold standard. In order to reduce errors for small tag counts, we required a gene to have more than 20 mapped tags. For the Caltech data, the Benjamini & Hochberg adjustment was applied to the p-value calculated by the t-test, using a cutoff of 0.05 . We could not use the FDR p- value adjustment on the Bullard dataset, as much fewer genes had differential expression levels detected from the wild/knockout samples. Therefore, we applied a cutoff of 0.05 to the p- value from the t-test and required a fold change larger than two.
Computing the fold change
We related the fold change in the gene expression level FC i to the optimized ratio p i and obtained, by definition, . This ratio has to be calibrated against the normalization of the entire experiment. We defined p n as no change. Therefore , where p n is the normalized ratio as determined over the entire dataset. Infinite values of FC i can be avoided by adding a pseudo-count to n i and m i so that 0 <p i < 1.
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This work was partially supported by the NIH/NCI grant 5K25CA123344. HL was supported by a training fellowship from the Keck Center for Quantitative Biomedical Sciences of the Gulf Coast Consortia, on the Computational Cancer Biology Training Program from the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT No. RP101489).
This article has been published as part of BMC Bioinformatics Volume 13 Supplement 13, 2012: Selected articles from The 8th Annual Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Symposium (BIOT-2011). The full contents of the supplement are available online at http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2105/13/S13/S1
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
SL and GC designed the studies. GC wrote perl and R program and performed data analysis and modeling. HL and YL assisted in data analysis and modeling. SL, GC, XH, JL, PM, YJ developed statistical model. SL and GC wrote the manuscript.
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Cite this article
Cai, G., Li, H., Lu, Y. et al. Accuracy of RNA-Seq and its dependence on sequencing depth. BMC Bioinformatics 13 (Suppl 13), S5 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-13-S13-S5
- False Discovery Rate
- Binomial Distribution
- Receiver Operating Characteristic
- Library Preparation
- Sequencing Depth | <urn:uuid:67f9d2cd-c5fa-4aa7-8ae8-c9ca8cfebaa1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2105-13-S13-S5 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00276.warc.gz | en | 0.891824 | 6,947 | 2.1875 | 2 |
In this episode, I talk with Dr Toby Mundel of the School of Sport and Exercise Science at Massey University in New Zealand. We talk about his recent work investigating the relationship between people’s hydration levels and their experience of pain.
Here is the link to the research study we talk about in this week’s show:
Here is the abstract for some context:
Chronic pain is a prevalent health issue with one in five people suffering from some form of chronic pain, with loss of productivity and medical costs of chronic pain considerable. However, the treatment of pain can be difficult, as pain perception is complex and can be affected by factors other than tissue damage. This study investigated the effect of hypohydration (mild, voluntary dehydration from ∼24 h of limiting fluid intake, mimicking someone drinking less than usual) on a person’s pain perception. Seventeen healthy males (age 27 ± 5 years) visited the laboratory on three occasions, once as a familiarization and then twice again while either euhydrated (urine specific gravity: 1.008 ± 0.005) or hypohydrated (urine specific gravity: 1.024 ± 0.003, and −1.4 ± 0.9% body mass). Each visit, they performed a cold pressor test, where their feet were placed in cold water (0–3°C) for a maximum of 4 min. Measures of hydration status, pain sensitivity, pain threshold, and catastrophization were taken. We found that hypohydration predicted increased pain sensitivity (β = 0.43), trait pain catastrophizing, and baseline pain sensitivity (β = 0.37 and 0.47, respectively). These results are consistent with previous research, and suggest that a person’s hydration status may be an important factor in their perception of acute pain.
I hope you find our conversation interesting and thought-provoking.
I’d love some feedback from you about the show. | <urn:uuid:c175b2ef-614b-439e-af54-6635522e456a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sarbjohal.com/blog/2020/11/02/2018-11-19-is-there-a-link-between-dehydration-and-our-experience-of-pain/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.942735 | 409 | 2.4375 | 2 |
'New Dawn' rose Description
Photo courtesy of Claus Elvers 1965
169 favorite votes.
Average rating: EXCELLENT-.
Light pink Large-Flowered Climber.
Registration name: New Dawn
Climber, Hybrid Wichurana, Large-Flowered Climber. Earth Kind ™.
Light pink. Moderate fragrance. up to 35 petals. Average diameter 4". Medium to large, full (26-40 petals), borne mostly solitary, cluster-flowered, in small clusters, cupped-to-flat bloom form. Blooms in flushes throughout the season.
Arching, climbing. Medium, glossy, dark green foliage.
Height of 10' to 20' (305 to 610 cm). Width of up to 8' (up to 245 cm).
USDA zone 5b through 9b. Can be used for cut flower, garden or pillar. Hardy. very vigorous. drought resistant. shade tolerant. Disease susceptibility: very disease resistant. Requires spring freeze protection (see glossary - Spring freeze protection) . Can be grown in the ground or in a container (container requires winter protection). Can be pruned to maintain a shorter habit. Prune after flowering is finished. Remove spent blooms only. This rose blooms on old wood.
Tip: this rose seems to flower best on old wood, so prune sparingly.
One of the Roses that "passed the test" in Longwood Garden's Ten-Year Rose Trials. | <urn:uuid:b40255a9-89bb-4307-baf9-9a533c3bcdf9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.helpmefind.com/gardening/pl.php?n=4460 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280730.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00244-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.819876 | 310 | 1.796875 | 2 |
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THE CONSUMER SOCIETY WOULD HAVE US BELIEVE that our personal performance is all bundled up with the new products we purchase. Buy the right car and we can be Michael Schumacher. Buy the right kitchen and our meals will rival those of Anton Mossiman. Buy the right perfume and we will be as attractive as either Penelope Cruz or Tom Cruise.
Buy the right painting-by-numbers kit and we can be Michelangelo. Ah, yes, you spotted the problem with that last proposition. Michelangelo could paint! But then, the others also have talents that cannot be bought.
I once visited David Bailey's studio. He was using an old-fashioned plate camera. Why? Because he thought it was getting too easy with modern cameras! But then, David Bailey knows how to take good pictures. I'm sure he could get a good shot with the most basic of kit, and it's getting even easier as the digital age takes shape.
So is there any point in spending a fortune on expensive hardware for underwater photography, or can you get good shots on a budget? I habitually use a rig that costs around£4000, and that's quite modest by some standards, but for this Diver Test we set ourselves the task of seeing what was available for the underwater photographer at less than£500. Is a camera at this price a waste of money, or can it do the job?
Thanks to the revolution in microchip technology, amateur photography has changed forever. No longer do we need expensive, precision-built instruments in chrome-plated brass to get a good photograph. Flimsy little aluminium and plastic boxes can do the job instead and the market for the less expensive cameras that use conventional film has shrunk accordingly.
However, to take full advantage of a digital camera, you need a little knowledge about computers and a modern PC or Mac of your own. There are those who want to stay with simple film-and-processing, so we include two cameras that retail for less than£500 in our line-up.
A frame of 35mm film still has the ability to record a lot more information than any CCD chip. However, you need a lot more skill and knowledge of photography to get the best out of it.
Digital cameras also allow you to see immediately the results of your labours and give you a chance to improve on them, there and then. The material costs are less than those associated with film and, with a big enough memory card in the camera, you'll almost never run out of pictures to take.
We are indebted to Rob Hancock of Cameras Underwater for lending his vast expertise in advising us on this subject, and to Sea & Sea of Paignton for letting us use its cathedral-like indoor training pool as a test tank for the cameras.
We set up with a test-card together with the dolphin drawn in mosaic tiles on the Sea & Sea pool wall, lighting the scene evenly with newly launched GreenForce HID video lights. In this way, Rob and I were able to take the same photograph under the same conditions with each camera.
Of course, such a level playing field does not lend itself to revealing all the features and possibilities available with each and every different camera we tried.
We concentrated on what was needed for a camera to be a successful tool under water. For example, all the cameras here have built-in flash, but because flashes are positioned close to the optical axis of the lens, they tend to light up detritus in the water and cause backscatter, so in every case we turned the built-in flashes off.
However, most of these cameras will also be used for surface photography by their owners, which is where they become more distinctly differentiated by the features available.
Although most of these cameras had an optical zoom lens of some kind, the limitations imposed by being under water require the photographer to get as near to the subject as possible, so reducing the intervening body of water.
It's best to use a camera at its widest-angle lens setting and move closer, which means that a zoom facility is surplus to requirements under water. Similarly, using the additional digital zoom on some cameras simply reduces image quality.
The quality of digital images is usually linked to the number of pixels with which the electronic camera's sensor array is equipped. This is usually referred to in terms of millions of pixels available, or megapixels.
However, it's not quite as straightforward as that. A camera that has more pixels can sometimes produce a lower-quality image than one with fewer. A camera can also use software to interpolate more pixels. It does this by second-guessing those pixels that might otherwise be missing.
Image-quality is also connected with the amount of information recorded. Bigger files using all the resolution available means space for fewer pictures on the recording medium.
This might simply be an in-built memory, or memory cards varying in capacity. Where possible we used a 512Mb (megabyte) memory card but they range from 16Mb to 1 gigabyte. The more pictures you intend to record on a given slice of memory, the poorer their quality will have to be.
Generally these less expensive digital cameras record in the 'jpeg' format. This system allows degrees of compression of the information but is very popular for use with home PCs, because file sizes are small.
A format that has no compression built in is the 'tiff' file. It's a digital file for the highest-quality images but takes up a lot more space in the memory of the recording medium, so you get fewer pictures per memory card.
'RAW' files are for direct use with a computer picture-retouching application such as Photoshop.
Most of these digital cameras also have a movie setting. This allows you to shoot a short video clip instead of a still. They all let you see what you're getting via an LCD monitor screen, up to the moment you take the shot.
Digital cameras are not instantaneous. They take a moment to grab the picture, and we call this 'shutter-lag'. That's because it takes a moment for the camera to switch from producing a picture on the LCD monitor screen to recording it in the memory of the camera.
Most of the latest wave of digital cameras have reduced this grab-time or shutter-lag to a minimum but it is still not as instant as clicking the shutter of a conventional camera or an expensive digital SLR. That's something to consider if you want to photograph fast-moving subjects such as fish!
Bright conditions allow the auto-focus mechanism of these cameras to work quickly, but take a digital camera into dark and murky conditions and you may have to wait while it hunts for best sharpness.
Without an auxiliary flashgun (something that will probably more than double the cost of getting photographs under water, and put the whole outfit beyond the price parameters of this review), most success is achieved in the first 15m of depth of clear sea water. Many modern digital cameras can, however, focus extremely closely without the need for ancillary lenses.
Whether you record your images electronically or chemically, light is still light. The rules of underwater photography apply equally to both. Once you are away from the surface, the natural daylight is filtered blue as it passes through the water, so you need a local light-source in the form of an auxiliary flashgun.
For cameras under£500 this is a big complication, so, as stated above, we suggest that you use these cameras in shallower water, where the daylight still has some colour in it.
Cheaper digital cameras allow access to functions via a system of buttons and a menu. You need to learn your way around these buttons and a few evenings at home with the instruction manual won't be wasted, especially as, once the camera is encased in its watertight housing, explanatory labels will normally be obscured.
More expensive digital cameras have dials that may be more readily understood, especially by people under water and breathing high levels of nitrogen. Digital cameras also have a battery-save mode and go to sleep after a period of inactivity. Some wake up quickly; others are slower. This can be important when trying to grab a passing shot under water.
The cameras reviewed here were all available at the time of our test in late April. However, the digital camera market is mercurial. The latest model can become obsolete in the blink of an eye.
If you decide to buy a camera, we recommend that you buy an underwater housing for it at the same time, as the combination may not be available at a later date. If you flood a camera, it is unlikely that a replacement will be available later for the same housing.
The prices we show are guide prices for camera and housing together (where applicable). These prices change rapidly, too.
Some people prefer to dip a cautious toe into the world of underwater photography, and the least expensive cameras are still those that use conventional film. We consider two inexpensive film cameras in our review but have not included models at the least serious end of the price spectrum, such as disposables.
Exposed film is usually processed and printed by a third party with scant knowledge of what it is like under water, so print-film users are often disappointed with the results. For this test we scanned the negatives directly into a computer file, thus missing out the middleman. The sharpness of the results from film surpassed that of the digital cameras.
All these cameras had quite simple lenses, even if some were zoom. They revealed a fair degree of 'pin-cushion' distortion, apart from the MX10 conventional film camera. Such distortion is not normally noticeable, unless photographing tiles on a swimming-pool wall.
Most of these cameras, film or digital, amphibious or in housings, floated when used under water. This was a bit of a nuisance, and you need to tether such a camera by its lanyard to avoid losing it. Those that were negatively buoyant proved easier to handle as a rule because one could put them down and still find them easily rather than groping above for them.
A camera that has floated away and is on the surface is usually gone for good. The ocean is a very big place. We wonder how many of these cameras will end up as flotsam and jetsam along with all those flip-flops and discarded plastic bottles. | <urn:uuid:ea8d6ebe-1b26-4899-8fc4-755f1b07ce44> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.divernet.com/photography/p298760-cheap%20shots.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00316-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959965 | 2,147 | 1.5625 | 2 |
It can be very expensive to get your car fixed. Not only is there a cost for parts, but there is also a cost for labor. Wouldn’t it be nice to do the car repairs yourself and save your hard-earned money. The information in this article will help you to become an expert mechanic in no time.
Make sure that your mechanic is A.S.E certified before you let them work on your car. This shows that a mechanic has passed a special test for competence and also shows he or she has at least two years experience as a mechanic. That way, you can have the best mechanics working on your car.
Tag the important pages in your vehicle manual. This will help you speak intelligently to a technician about your car when it is time to take it in. After reading the manual, you might just find that you have an easy fix on your hands.
Every time your car is repaired, regardless of how minor the problem was, make sure you keep a record. Whenever another issue crops up, it is most helpful for your technician to take a look at this document. If you do not have documentation, you may have duplicate services performed.
Do not leave any items in your vehicle if you are taking it to be repaired. The mechanic may find that these things get in the way and they may get misplaced to where they cannot be located later. You should also remove all the items from your trunk.
Car repairs and maintenance are an inevitable part of life. Still, you do not have to turn to a mechanic for all repairs. You can save yourself some serious cash if you do the repairs yourself. You can use the below tips for help, so try them out.
Auto Repair Long Beach
Foreign and Domestic Auto Service Shop
Call Today: 562-920-1871 – Fix Your Car Today
AAA Auto Approved with ASE Mechanics | <urn:uuid:352dc5c1-1df1-46f3-a3f7-61dd175fe5b7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://macsrad.com/2014/01/fix-your-car-on-a-shoestring-with-these-tips/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.957415 | 393 | 1.757813 | 2 |
A growing number of people in the escalating violence in Syria appear to be targeted because of their religion and "gross violations of human rights are occurring regularly," a UN monitor says - writes John Zarocostas.
The 16-month-old conflict between insurgents and forces defending President Bashar al-Assad's government is also becoming "increasingly militarized," said Paulo Pinheiro, chair of the Independent Commission of Inquiry on Syria, in a report presented to the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva. An estimated 15,000 people have been killed in the conflict.
"Where previously victims were targeted on the basis of their being pro- or anti-government, the Commission of Inquiry has recorded a growing number of incidents where victims appear to have been targeted because of their religious affiliation," said the report.
Several branches of Islam are involved in the conflict. The minority Alawite sect, a branch of Shia Islam, comprises only 12 percent of the country's population but is strongly represented in the armed forces and forms the power base for al-Assad's government.
A soldier with the Free Syrian Army (FSA), an armed opposition group supported by Sunni Muslims, told the commission that "Alawite soldiers are normally killed immediately upon capture, while soldiers from other sects are offered the chance to join the FSA, and if they refuse they are released to their relatives." About 75 percent of the population is Sunni.
The commission report also noted that "an armed group has occupied a Greek-Catholic church in Al Qusayr, Homs, attacking clergy and turning the building into a base for its operations."
Pinheiro, who visited the Syrian capital of Damascus from 23-25 June 2012, warned that as a result of the flow of new weapons and ammunitions both to government and to anti-government armed groups, "the situation risks becoming aggravated in the coming months."
In a bid to stop the violence, the U.N.'s special envoy on Syria, Kofi Annan, has invited the foreign ministers of the U.S., Russia, China, the U.K., France, Turkey, Iraq, Qatar, Kuwait, and UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon to a meeting on 30 June in Geneva. The meeting will examine a stalled peace plan put forward by Annan.
On 25 June, the Rev Dr Olav Fykse Tveit, general secretary of the Geneva-based World Council of Churches, wrote to Ban, requesting that the UN give "a stronger and clearer mandate" to Annan's initiative. "It is only through an inclusive multi-lateral negotiated peace process that the worst can be avoided in Syria," Tveit said.
[With acknowledgements to ENInews. ENInews, formerly Ecumenical News International, is jointly sponsored by the World Council of Churches, the Lutheran World Federation, the World Communion of Reformed Churches, and the Conference of European Churches.] | <urn:uuid:673d1006-c8cb-49c7-bda0-d332586a470b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ekklesia.co.uk/node/16787 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280791.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00364-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965253 | 598 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Kali & Panantukan
Kali (More Than Just a Martial Art)
Kali is primarily a weapons-based art that originated in the Philippines. The word itself—like Escrima and Arnis—is an umbrella term for all Filipino Martial Arts (FMA). A fast-paced and effective art, Kali is lot of fun. It even offers many restorative health benefits for both body and mind. Once you begin training, you’ll realize that Kali isn’t just a martial art—it’s a way of life!
During class you will practice with a variety of weapons, including rattan sticks, blunted training swords and daggers, long staffs, scarves, improvised weapons and more. You will learn various blocks, counter-strikes, disarms and a do lot of footwork—Kali is known for its footwork. It’s also known for its sophisticated reflex and flow drills, which are taught in a logical progression, allowing you to complete hundreds of repetitions quickly until you can respond to specific attacks instinctively.
Panantukan (Like Western Boxing and Then Some)
Panantukan (or Filipino Boxing) Sometimes called “dirty boxing” by combat athletes, Panantukan students learn to strike any part of the body from a variety of angles, using unexpected and ingenious defensive moves along the way. It’s an art unlike any other and a great workout too!
As a striking art, Panantukan has been strongly influenced by Western boxing. During class you will develop all the offensive and defensive skills of a good boxer along with greater punching power, athleticism and hand speed. Building on this foundation, you will learn to strike with elbows, forearms, headbutts, knees and low kicks, flowing from one shot to the next with devastating economy. Although we train safely, you will quickly recognize the self-defence applications of this art.
You will also work off-balancing techniques, joint destructions, body manipulations and a lot of footwork—Kali is known for its footwork. Unlike most Western boxers, Panantukan students work in both leads, which not only creates more striking and off-balancing opportunities from different angles, it’s more practical— in self-defence situations you may not have a choice. And long term, it’s more beneficial physiologically.
Mark Tucker is an instructor under Guro Rick Faye who is a Senior Full Instructor under Guro Dan Inosanto. Mark is also a PFS Cetified Executive Instructor / Full Instructor under Sifu Paul Vunak.
Get Started Today
Take that first step and start your journey in the amazing world of Martial Arts | <urn:uuid:cd19523b-cdca-419c-80d5-77a29d2475d6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://strikethrowgrapple.com/kali---panantukan | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573029.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817153027-20220817183027-00278.warc.gz | en | 0.929928 | 575 | 1.585938 | 2 |
28 January 2021, 15:00-16:30
UN Photo/Loey Felipe
Humanitarian considerations and references to existing rules of international law are not immune to the inherently political dynamics prevailing within the United Nations Security Council (UNSC). Compared to other thematic issues such as the rule of law, human rights in the era of counterterrorism or individual criminal accountability, not enough attention has been paid to the influence of such dynamics and the consistency – or lack thereof – of the UNSC’s practice in relation to international humanitarian law and jus ad bellum.
This online IHL Talk aims at shining light on substantial and/or procedural challenges to the effective and principled promotion of the above-mentioned legal frameworks at the UNSC, including from a State’s perspective. It will also be the occasion to officially launch, and discuss the findings of our Briefing No. 17 Room for Manoeuvre? Promoting International Humanitarian Law and Accountability While at the United Nations Security Council: A Reflection on the Role of Elected Members.
Please use the Zoom chat function to ask your questions, the moderator will make a selection of questions at the end of the presentations. There will be no possibility to interact by webcam and microphone in order to avoid connection issues.
The IHL Talks are a series of events, hosted by the Geneva Academy, on international humanitarian law and current humanitarian topics. Every two months, academic experts, practitioners, policymakers and journalists discuss burning humanitarian issues and their regulation under international law.
In this IHL Talk, experts discuss substantial and/or procedural challenges to the effective and principled promotion of international law – including IHL – at the UN Security Council.
Tijana Kukanjac is enrolled in our LLM in International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights. She tells about her background, the programme and what it will bring to her career.
In addition to the ongoing non-international armed conflict (NIAC) that opposes Ethiopia to the Tigray People’s Liberation Front, our RULAC online portal just classified a parallel NIAC between Ethiopia and the Oromo Liberation Army.
After having followed this online short course, participants will know who the protected persons and goods are and what rules of IHL can be used for their protection in an international armed conflict. An overview of the rules applicable in non-international armed conflicts will also be given.
This online short course focuses on the specific issues that arise in times of armed conflict regarding the respect, protection and fulfilment of human rights. It addresses key issues like the applicability of human rights in times of armed conflict; the possibilities of restricting human rights under systems of limitations and derogations; and the extraterritorial application of human rights law.
This project aims at staying abreast of the various military technology trends; promoting legal and policy debate on new military technologies; and furthering the understanding of the convergent effects of different technological trends shaping the digital battlefield of the future.
This project will explore humanitarian consequences and protection needs caused by the digitalization of armed conflicts and the extent to which these needs are addressed by international law, especially international humanitarian law. | <urn:uuid:32e8bf60-489c-43a6-81f8-60f670258810> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.adh-geneve.ch/event/past-events/detail/259-sisyphean-task-promoting-international-law-while-at-the-united-nations-security-council | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573667.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819100644-20220819130644-00066.warc.gz | en | 0.905985 | 671 | 1.96875 | 2 |
China's Mao-Deng development model
The Chinese combination of Maoism focused on social development followed by a very slow and gradual liberalization under Deng Xiaoping turns out to be an extremely efficient development model. Unfortunately, for mainly ideological reasons, Mao's and Deng's policies are generally considered to be in conflict with each other. Only a comparative approach with other developing countries based on consistent long-term statistics provided by international organizations can allow us to understand the positive interaction between these two approaches to development.
The discussion about China's recent development under the Communist Party of China (CPC) is often reduced to the question whether Maoism was the right approach or whether Mao's policies were a disaster and Deng Xiaoping put China on the right track. This discussion is extremely polarized, to say the least. Among the Western academic world and media, there is virtually only one opinion: whoever does not consider Mao a bloody dictator and a disaster for China is unable to think freely and has been brainwashed by communist propaganda. Actually, a comparative study of long-term statistics shows a completely different picture: The combination of Maoism with Deng's reforms has allowed China to develop faster than any other country in the world. This is true not only for economic development, but also for social development like the reduction of mortality and the spreading of literacy.
The needs and aspirations of the people should always be put in the center of any discussion of development. Photo Otto Kölbl, Siping (Jilin province, China), 2012.
This might sound quite surprising, especially if we consider the obvious differences in development level between mainland China and Japan, Hong Kong, South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore etc. However, a look at the long-term development of these countries and regions shows that the differences are not due to the speed of development, but to the time in the past when they started their development process.
The two charts below shows clearly that almost all countries in Asia and Chinese regions under foreign control like Hong Kong and Taiwan have started developing between roughly 1850 and 1900. On the other hand, nation-wide statistics show absolutely no development in mainland China. These charts are based on per capita GDP compensated for purchase power parity, which is considered to be the best indicator of the standard of living and the level of development. Actually, statistics before 1950 are often disputed and the chart below integrates data from various sources, some of which contradict each other. However, experts agree on the general picture; for example on the fact that in China in the first half of the 20th century, major cities experienced some development, but most of the countryside even saw a deterioration of living conditions.
GDP data for China, the USA, Japan, Taiwan, South Korea, Hong Kong and India. Sources: IMF, World Bank, ICP 2011, Maddison Project, various others.
The first question which we should ask ourselves is therefore why mainland China is almost the only Asian region which saw no development before the coming to power of the CPC in 1949. The Opium Wars have certainly played a role in this; the disastrous consequences on the Chinese society of this shameful episode of European colonial history are often misrepresented by Western authors. On the other hand, all regions in Asia have had their fair share of colonial aggression, in many cases an even more destructive colonization than what took place in China. The conclusion of my research is that the highly cultivated Chinese elite, partly under Western ideological influence, had lost any sense of responsibility. They had become so totally self-serving and corrupt since roughly 1800 that they were totally unable to lead China through a development process worth its name. This also explains why opium trade became a terrible social disaster in China, whereas the elites of other countries have been able to defend themselves and the whole society against this terrible poison to which they were equally exposed.
Poppies and terraced rice-fields, by Mrs. Archibald Little, Sichuan province (China), before 1899. As this picture and many more show, only part of the opium which devastated China's society before 1949 was imported by British trading companies; most of it was home-grown. Find Mrs. Archibald Little's amazing book "Intimate China" for free on www.archive.org and www.gutenberg.org.
The charts above and below also show that among all Asian countries and regions which have experienced a period of fast economic growth, not even one has been able to do so starting from a poor agrarian economy, which all of them had until at least 1850. All of them have gone through a period of slow growth of several decades, sometimes lasting around 50 years, sometimes lasting one century or more ("phase I" in the chart above). Only after this first phase dedicated to the buildup of infrastructure, education, healthcare and some industrialization, they could enjoy a period of fast growth ("phase II"). This is true both for countries which are now more advanced than mainland China and for those which have started moderate or fast growth after China. The following chart shows the growth curves of several other Asian countries and of the (former) USSR, i.e. all its successor states taken together after 1990.
For more information please refer to the first chart which is interactive.
Mao's contribution to the development model
China is the only country in the world which has achieved fast development after only 27 years of slow growth under Mao Zedong (1949-1976). The second fundamental question is therefore: what makes development under Mao Zedong so efficient that he has been able to build up the basis for fast economic growth twice as fast as any other country in the world? The achievement of the CPC becomes all the more impressive when we realize that it turned the least well performing country of the region ("China, the sick man of Asia") into the best performing one.
The skyline of Dalian (Liaoning province, China). Photo Otto Kölbl, 2012.
Historical research and statistics reveal that this was made possible by Mao's policy of mobilizing the huge workforce of the countryside through collectivization and mass mobilization campaigns. In an extremely poor country like China at that time, this was probably the only way to achieve in such a short time the improvement of infrastructure, and education and healthcare to the level which is necessary for fast economic growth. Statistics provided by international organizations like the World Bank and Western academics show that Mao's social policies have saved hundreds of millions of lives, whereas the late Qing dynasty (until 1911) and the Nationalist party (1912-1949) did nothing to improve the living conditions of the huge majority of the population. The following chart gives us a good overview of both social progress and Mao's most disastrous error, namely the Great Leap Forward (1958-1962), in comparison with other East Asian countries:
Life expectancy for China, the USA, France, Russia, India, Japan, Taiwan. Sources: World Bank, UN Population Division, The Human Life-Table Database, US Census, various others.
Life expectancy in China before World War 2 is a hotly disputed topic; there are many conflicting estimates. Figures for Japan and its colony Taiwan as well as for India, Russia and Western countries are much more precise. From 1950 on, reliable estimates are available for most countries. For China from 1953 to 1963, I use the data provided by an expert from the World Bank because official statistics are inadequate. However, the global picture is quite clear: from a social situation far worse than in almost any other country, life expectancy in China has made huge progress under Mao Zedong; actually, the improvement during his 27 years in power is unique in the whole world. The following chart allows comparisons with countries in Southeast Asia:
For more information please refer to the first chart about life expectancy which is interactive.
Not only among the East Asian countries which enjoy now a high standard of living, but also among South American and even African countries, it is very difficult to find some where the situation was as bad as in China just before the CPC came to power in 1949.
For more information please refer to the first chart about life expectancy which is interactive.
With regards to infant mortality, we get a similar picture as with life expectancy. Solid data is available about social progress under Mao Zedong, but the academics who pretend to inform us about this important period in Chinese history have decided to ignore it. Actually, they don't ignore it entirely, they just pick the pieces which fit into their discourse. For example, with regards to life expectancy, they take only the Great Leap Forward and calculate the deaths. Disasters must be remembered, this is absolutely necessary to prevent something similar from happening again. But will these academics tell us that even in the worst year of this disaster, life expectancy did not go below values which were perfectly normal until ten years before, under the late Qing dynasty or the Nationalist Party? Or that within less than 20 years after the CCP came to power, life expectancy had doubled from probably around 30 years or less to more than 60 years? Has anybody even tried to calculate the number of lives saved, as compared to a hypothetical continued rule by the Nationalist Party which has never cared about social progress in the countryside?
Surgery with acupuncture in the Shandong Provincial People's Hospital (Jinan), China. Photo William A. Joseph, 1972.
Of course, this does not mean that China under Mao Zedong was a paradise for farmers. In order to push development further than what could be achieved through improvement of agriculture, Mao extracted as much capital as he possibly could from the population to finance industrialization. Even though living conditions improved a lot during this era, the huge majority of the people were still extremely poor when the reforms set in at the end of the 1970s.
We should also consider that development cannot be reduced to its socio-economic aspects alone. Progress in the field of social and economic rights was achieved using often brutal repression against the former privileged elite, political opponents within and outside the Communist Party and many, many innocent people. As a whole, there was extremely little individual freedom under Mao Zedong. The Chinese state during that era was a perfect example of a totalitarian state. Not only public life, but even many aspects of private life were controlled directly by the state or by the local communities according to official guidelines. The whole society was organized into communes, brigades and work teams; even for travelling outside of your commune, you needed a travel permit.
A work team in Shashiyu, Hebei province, working on terracing the fields. Even today, if you ask farmers when the agricultural infrastructure they use was built, you often get the answer: "In the 1970s". Photo William A. Joseph, 1972.
Beyond these institutionalized forms of control, Mao relied on the mobilization of local communities to enforce his policies. The community-managed land distribution in the early years and the Red Guards during the Cultural Revolution in the ten last years of Maoism are examples of these less organized forms of violence. If we consider that all this happened without much oversight by the authorities, it becomes obvious that this violence was also directed against many innocent victims.
During the Cultural Revolution, the Red Guards attacked not only corrupt government officials and members of the traditional elite who wanted to get their privileges back. Many people who worked hard to develop China, but had the "wrong" class background or refused to give up their religious beliefs, were the targets of brutal forms of humiliation and violence. Photos 1 and 2: photographer unknown, provided by Thomas H. Hahn. Photo 3: photographer unknown.
This must be seen in the context of a country which before 1949 could reasonably be compared with present-day countries like Afghanistan and Somalia. China (1916-1928), Afghanistan (1989-1998) and Somalia (1991-2012) have all gone through a phase of failed state, where institutions broke down completely and warlords competed for power. Between 1850 and 1949, China had known only 46 years of peace between 1870 and 1916, shortly interrupted by the Boxer Rebellion 1899-1901 and the overthrow of the monarchy in 1911. The nine years between 1928 and 1937 were also relatively peaceful in major parts of the country. Otherwise, almost half of that century was made of a succession of wars, civil wars, insurrections and warlordism. Before 1949, the Chinese society, especially in the countryside, was totally wrecked by lawlessness and widespread opium addiction, in particular among the ruling elite, and structured more by local tyrants and organized crime than by a functional administration.
Under the Qing dynasty and under the Nationalist Party, opium smoking was much more widespread among the high society than among the population in general. Photo Lai Afong, ca. 1880.
Within the last one and a half centuries, only very few countries in the world have gone through such a long period of endless disasters. It is quite reasonable to assume that each single Chinese has tried to find a solution. Some of them have come pretty close to restoring order, only to see the country relapse into chaos again after a few years or decades of relative stability, but no development. The CPC must definitely be credited with not only restoring order, but also initiating the fastest socio-economic development process the world has ever seen. Just look at the total failures of Western recipes applied to failed states like Somalia, Afghanistan, Iraq and Libya, and you will better appreciate what this party has achieved.
We can certainly learn a lot by analyzing Mao's era, but such research must be based on comprehensive data about all the different aspects of human life. Reliable statistics produced or verified by international organizations or independent academics is easily available, but Western academics working on Mao Zedong seem to agree on ignoring the available data on social progress. If they mention some of it, they tend to consider that one sentence is enough, and they hardly ever provide comparative figures about the development of other countries. Nobody seems to care about the fact that these statistics tell us about human beings who were saved or who died, often under terrible circumstances. Instead, only the deaths resulting from policy errors or repression are counted and the final conclusion is always the same: Mao was one of the worst dictators of the last century.
In China, there is much more diversity in the discussion about Mao Zedong, but it is generally only based on official Chinese statistics. This means that the debate turns into a question of trust into the National Bureau of Statistics of China, which makes any kind of agreement between pro-Mao and anti-Mao extremely unlikely. Both in China and the West, academics must learn to overcome ideological preconceptions. This means among other things that they should invest as much time and effort into looking for data which goes against their personal preferences as for data which confirms them.
"Helping mum to learn how to read and write". The Mao era saw huge progress in education. Schools were set up not only for children; adult schooling was also considered a priority. On the other hand, the picture for higher education is mixed at best. Photos: China Posters (left), William A. Joseph, 1972 (right).
The importance of this question goes well beyond a simple academic debate. Among other things, it is an important factor in inter-generational communication in China. In many families, heated debates take place between on one side the grand-parents who still remember life under Mao Zedong and sometimes even before, and many of them tend to praise his achievements. On the other side, many of the middle and younger generations tend to consider Mao's management of economic development a disaster for China; they will reply to the older generations that they have been brainwashed by Mao's propaganda and are unable to have a clear judgment about this topic. In my discussions with Chinese people of all ages, I have always made the experience that using data from a great variety sources, e.g. from Chinese and also international sources, can often bring people with different opinions to agree at least on some issues. The research method proposed here can therefore contribute to a better mutual understanding not only between China and the West, but also within the Chinese society and families.
Reforms and opening up under Deng Xiaoping and his successors
The way in which Deng Xiaoping and his successors have built on Mao's legacy to achieve fast economic growth and huge improvement of living conditions is also unequaled in the world: no other country has been able to achieve fast growth starting from such a low level of development.
The Flying Eagle Boat Company, here during the inauguration of a new production site, was founded in the 1980s. It quickly became one of the world's leading producers of competition rowing boats. Photo Otto Kölbl, Zhejiang province (China), 2003.
Other countries like the Soviet Union have also used collectivization and planned economy for the initial phase of development, but the transition to fast growth did not always go well. The second chart above shows in an impressive way how the countries of the former USSR saw their economies break down completely when liberal reforms were introduced in the 1990s.
If we consider that a good infrastructure, education, healthcare and some industrialization are the necessary basis for fast economic growth, it is quite obvious that the Soviet Union met the conditions for a huge economic boom long before 1990. Whereas in China, Maoism was replaced by Deng's reforms after 27 years, the Soviet bloc remained stuck in planned economy for more than 70 years. The fast growth potential which was built up never became reality; this discredited in Communist Party in the eyes of the population. When the Soviet bloc started reforms in 1990, China had already shown the path with more than one decade of fast economic growth. Unfortunately, both the leaders of the former Soviet Union and their Western advisors were too arrogant to even consider the possibility of learning from China.
So, which were the lessons Soviet leaders could have learned from China? It seems that Deng's recipe did not simply consist in "economic liberalization", as it is often explained, but in an extremely slow liberalization, drawn out over predictably 50+ years. Still now, more than 35 years after the beginning of the reforms, additional sectors of the economy are progressively liberalized.
Other aspects of the Chinese system are much more difficult to grasp. Most Western authors like to depict the Chinese Communist Party as controlling every small detail of life and business; reality is of course much more complex. Some key sectors of the Chinese economy like (legal) banking, energy, telecommunications etc. are totally controlled by the state. On the other hand, when talking with entrepreneurs, especially with owners of small family businesses, I am often surprised to see how little the state interfered with their business activities. As compared to other countries, administrative paperwork is reduced to the minimum; rules and regulations are quite vague and often applied in a creative way. Only when the Party considers that there is a serious problem, it intervenes; the vague regulations do not really restrict its ability to do so.
Unlike Western consumer electronics retailers, the Zhongguancun consumer electronics market in Beijing is made of a myriad of small family enterprises. Photo Otto Kölbl, Beijing (China), 2012.
Obviously, this system facilitates the creation of new companies; on the other hand, it offers few safeguards against abuses, for example by business partners. What might sound like a disaster for economic development is actually one of the secrets of China's development: this relatively insecure business environment favors the emergence of small family businesses which operate within closed local business communities. Because business partners know each other, transaction costs are extremely low. The absence of complex paperwork allows even farmers with little formal education to set up businesses. The formal complexity of the "rule of law" would drive them out of business and allow huge national or multinational companies to take over the market, as they do it in Western countries.
The Moslem Hui minority, recognizable here with the mosque in the foreground and their yellow and green houses, is a good example of a tightly knit community which has done very well in business. Photo Otto Kölbl, Taktsang Lhamo/Langmusi (Gansu province, China), 2012.
These are only two among many factors which have made the success of the reforms starting in 1978, but are poorly understood by both Western and Chinese scholars who tend to focus on prestigious high-tech companies and international exchanges.
To sum it up, the Chinese Mao-Deng model of development provides many innovative solutions for poor countries. The development and implementation of these solutions by the Communist Party have allowed China to develop faster than any other country in the world, both from the economic and the social point of view. On the other hand, the development models of many other Asian countries and regions cannot be applied to present-day poor countries, because they were driven by militarism (Japan), because they were determined to a large extent by foreign rule and support (South Korea and Taiwan) or because they relied on the parasitic exploitation of neighboring production bases (Hong Kong and Singapore).
It is about time for an analysis of the Chinese development model based on reliable data, in comparison with the development of other countries and regions in Asia and across the world. This is the only way to evaluate the performance of various development models. International organizations and various Western specialists in socio-economic development provide a huge wealth of data for all the countries in the world. This data has been collected or calculated using the same methodology for each country and is therefore free of ideological bias.
The same is seldom true when we consider how Western China experts use this data. Virtually all of them keep repeating that the Mao era with its policies of isolation and collectivization were a total disaster and that Deng Xiaoping could have done much better if he had opened up China more to foreign influence and liberalized the economy faster. Sinologists and Western media have always loved to describe the Chinese communist regime as totally absurd in its functioning, irrational and inhumane. How can such a description be upheld when we look at the data provided here which is widely considered as being reliable? How is it that China under Chiang Kaishek was unable to provide any improvement in living conditions to the Chinese people when the most advanced Western powers competed in providing development aid? After 1949, how could an absurd, irrational and inhumane regime achieve not only economic development, but also social progress faster than any other country in the world? It is disappointing that Western China experts do not look at the data used here, even though it is easily available; one reason might be that it is difficult for them to accept that China did much better without their "help" than with their help.
Missionaries took not only many pictures of pre-Mao China like this one of an operation in Changde (Hunan province, China), ca. 1900-1919; they have also contributed to improving healthcare and education. It might seem a paradox that the huge majority of the Chinese had to wait for Mao to come to power and expel all the missionaries in order to be able to benefit from social progress. Source: International Mission Photography Archive on Wikimedia Commons.
It is much more difficult to understand why Chinese researchers have never realized that data provided by international organizations and highly regarded Western experts allows us to understand the Chinese model of development much better than the exclusive use of Chinese official statistics. Few of them have ever travelled to other developing countries to see for themselves what the result of other development models looks like on the ground. The lack of such a comparative approach to development is certainly one of the reasons why the Chinese development process is so poorly understood outside of China. This leaves unchallenged those who carefully pick the data which seems to support their criticism of past and present Chinese policies.
Conducting rigorous research about the Chinese Mao-Deng model of development using a comparative approach will not only improve mutual understanding between China and the rest of the world; it will also provide precious data for countries which are still looking for an adequate model to improve the living conditions of their people. Conversely, such an approach can also provide new ideas for developing areas of China which have not yet been able to benefit from the economic boom of the coastal areas.
Swiss mountain tourism and Latin American adventure tourism can certainly contribute to the development of China's western regions. Photo Otto Kölbl, Zermatt (Switzerland) 2014; Coroico (Bolivia) 2011. | <urn:uuid:1bf63dc4-61f9-4f66-a470-cae9fb7a2dc5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.rainbowbuilders.org/china-development/socio-economic-development | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00312-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967576 | 4,984 | 3.0625 | 3 |
THIS IS THE SYNOPTIC ANSWER ABOUT THE CREATION OF THE
" They are not the external material things which with their move, with the approaching, removal, union and their segregation achieve a balanced total (of things) and the maintenance of physical laws. On the contrary, the completed
The material world in its entirety
of time is complete, direct and simultaneous (with the all possible ways) and exists relatively
as a finite space and constant quantity of energy, for all what they can
happen indirectly with the structural elements, which are
exist so as fluctuations of this constant quantity. Thus,
the (complete) Universe permanently acts upon (nuclear
force) in the structural elements with which this begins
and recreated indirectly, relatively, like external and incomplete…
The physical laws, which regulate the existence and the structure of material elements, are not messages that come their
outside, from far and insubstantial way. These laws begin by the common " contact " that the all structural elements have with one and the
same " empty " space, with one and common complete reality, with the same " communal " quantity of energy, finally by the common (invisible)
their substance, with which the structural elements are such as fluctuations.
The total quantity of energy (hf) is the
same for the all things and the all structural elements
takes shape with the same fluctuations of energy in one and
same dynamic space. The nature is founded in the opposition
of matter and free space. This visible opposition is the
invisible opposition in the change of energy and in the
total energy, that is always the same quantity. If,
therefore, is inexplicable, provocative and divisive this
theoretical segregation between matter and dynamic
space, then is same inexplicable and divisive the energy is
altered, but its total quantity is conserved constant! The
free space is not expanded neither shrink. The free space is
a communal and balanced quantity of energy with
fluctuations, that are create phenomena of centralization and
decentralization in the isotropic and transference of energy
with waves. Relatively, the total energy is the free space
and compensates with the fastest way (almost c) the reductions of
itself, that are constitute the material world. But the flow
with waves to compensated the lacks, again creates new lacks
very fast and so maintains the material elements.
(Equanimity and rhythm into change and standing waves). The
law of conservation of energy (in total) synchronously is a
law for the same quantity of energy that absents, that is to
say, for the
conservation of material world! The energy is decreased and
lastingly flows in order to compensates its losses, not only
with a limit in quantity, but with a limit of a minimum unit
of time tmin. The change and transference
of the energy can not is more fast than a minimal time
interval (Law of the Conservation of Power)".
>>> The educated people will awaits a concise answer
Was it most logical, most intelligent, most reliable for an
astrophysicist to reverses the highest frequency fmax
in the Universe (of the electromagnetic spectrum), does make a minimal
and then he searches what do existed in this minimal time interval? We
will do insist in the search what existed in the first seconds of famous
theory about a
♫ OR we will seek what's going on to fluctuations of a stable quantity
of energy (of the free space) nearby in the
finish of electromagnetic spectrum?
The question is: Does exist a minimum time tmin
in which the Universe began onetime?
Or does exist a frequency fmax in which the energy of
space is balanced as standing waves and if is disturbed, then
the known electromagnetic phenomena are generated with which the energy returns back in balance? Under what preconditions tiny quantities of energy
are created and maintained in
stagnant situations and seem as particles?
Only with the close relation between structure of matter and wave change
at the balanced energy
(of the full Universe), a
multitude phenomena interpreted, without conflict to the experience and paranoid vocabulary.
THE SECRET OF NATURE
► Around us, exchanges of energy and interactions happen with matter in frequencies above 1020
Hz, in microscopic dimensions and at the speed of light
(approximately). Up to now,
we didn't include this reality in our thinking, we simplifying this phenomenon in the concept of a "free" space and we perceived flippant its presence from
electromagnetic phenomena and gravity. An invisible reality participates permanently in material developments with quantities of wave energy,
that are exchanged and altered between 1020 - 1042 Hz
and this reality had ignored in science. This reality participates permanently and simultaneously for entire material world, from one point
up to the utmost other…In physics, these quantities of energy (h·f)
that are exchanged and altered in extreme soon time intervals (t=1/f) have called "particles".
Do you speak still, about the total creation of
the Universe, also about the fantasy of a Big Bang?
Does mass increase infinitely at the maximum speed of light c or reversely extreme variations of free space begin
at the maximum speed c and then electromagnetic waves are caused which under preconditions (in decreased rates) particles and their mass are
generated? We should
to search how does the waviness at less rates and speed cause the known electromagnetic phenomena and particles and under what
preconditions energy h·f is accumulated in decreased rates and the constant structure of matter is created. | <urn:uuid:ca58a2ad-c645-47bd-bf4d-7e5042cc364b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cosmonomy.eu/eng/cosmonomy/cosmonomy-p3.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573667.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819100644-20220819130644-00078.warc.gz | en | 0.921681 | 1,271 | 2.40625 | 2 |
Write a 1,400- to 1,750-word paper that answers the following questions: • Have you learned something new about your own racial, ethnic, or cultural history? • Trends in immigration will continue to shape the demographics of the United States. What will the U.S. population look like in the year 2050? Why do you think so? • What challenges does the United States face due to the diversity of its people? •What are the benefits of such a diverse society?
There are many benefits to having a diverse society. Some of these benefits are being able to experience so many different people and coulters in one area. Being able to living together with many different views and beliefs can open our eyes to many options. In the United States you can see many different parts of the world in its population in a small area. Look at New York City, with all the different areas such as Little Italy and Chinatown. Areas so tightly packed with people from the original regions that these sections can look almost identical to the original region. Having so much diversity in the United States it gives us a chance to open our eyes and experience things that we would never have had a chance too.
• How can we foster a climate of acceptance and cultural pluralism in the United States? • In what ways does the media perpetuate stereotyping and prejudice? Provide examples to support your assertion. • In what ways does the media help foster appreciation for diversity? Provide examples to support your assertion. • How might individuals and the United States work together to reduce prejudice and increase appreciation for diversity? There are many things in our world that need to change to ensure that mankind does not destroy ourselves. If we can take the time to look at each other as individuals • How might you change your own behaviors to be more inclusive and pluralistic?
Courtney from Study Moose
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"Schindler, and not Brugger, is the real Aristotelian here."
E. Christian Brugger devotes a considerable portion of his essay “ANT-OAR: A Morally Acceptable Means for Deriving Pluripotent Stem Cells. A Reply to Criticisms”2 to responding to David Schindler’s critique of the OAR proposal in the pages of Communio.3 Brugger singles out for particular rebuttal Schindler’s claim that supporters of OAR have not yet given us sufficient assurance that the procedure would not produce human embryos. As Brugger reads him, Schindler is demanding more evidence on this score than he can reasonably ask for. His interrogation of OAR, lacking any sound scientific or philosophical foundation, rests instead on an irrational, ultimately dualistic unwillingness to let the physical evidence garnered in laboratory experiments decide whether OAR produces embryos or not:
It is absurd to claim that an entity is a human organism when it expresses itself neither materially nor temporally in ways characteristic of human organisms. As I said, this is dualist; it denies discernibly human material characteristics to something human; the entity looks, expresses itself, and behaves like a pluripotent stem cell; it does not express itself in a way characteristic of a human organism, nor does it have any peculiarly human organismic behavioral characteristics; but it just might be informed by a human soul. This is like claiming that a human soul might be trapped inside a stone. If we can distinguish between any cell and a zygote, we should be able to distinguish between an ANT-OAR cell and a zygote.4
Brugger boils Schindler’s position down to this: there are serious grounds for thinking that OAR produces embryos even if the OAR product “looks, expresses itself, and behaves like a pluripotent stem cell.” Unfortunately, Brugger is setting up a straw man here, for Schindler’s actual contention is precisely that the OAR product does not and cannot look and act like a pluripotent stem cell in at least one decisive respect: its coming into being. For if we compare OAR with SCNT, Schindler insists, we find that OAR uses exactly the same event—exactly the same fusion of an enucleated egg and a somatic cell nucleus—that SCNT uses to clone a human embryo. What Schindler is really asserting, then, is that, even if the OAR product looks and acts more or less like a pluripotent stem cell in other respects, its coming into being looks and acts sufficiently like the coming into being of a human embryo to raise serious questions about OAR. Far from asserting that physical tokens in general are irrelevant to distinguishing embryos from stem cells, Schindler is simply insisting that there is one physical token that trumps all the others in the particular case of OAR: has the new entity come into being in a sufficiently human species-specific way? In the following essay, I would like to restate and defend Schindler’s reasons for thinking that OAR supporters have not yet ruled out a Yes answer.
. . . . . . . . . .
To read this article in its entirety, please download the free PDF or buy this issue.
1. I would like to thank Dr. W. Malcolm Byrnes for invaluable criticisms of an earlier draft of this essay. Of course the claims I express here, as well as the mistakes I might make, are mine, and not Dr. Byrnes’s.
2. E. Christian Brugger, “ANT-OAR: A Morally Acceptable Means for Deriving Pluripotent Stem Cells. A Reply to Criticisms,” Communio 32, no. 4 (Winter, 2005): 753–769.
3. In particular, Brugger is replying to David L. Schindler, “A Response to the Joint Statement, ‘Production of Pluripotent Stem Cells by Oocyte Assisted Reprogramming,’” Communio 32, no. 2 (Summer, 2005): 369–380.
4. Brugger, “ANT-OAR: A Morally Acceptable Means,” 766–767. Emphasis original. | <urn:uuid:a53bcc5e-ba57-406e-b386-4bb9fd551568> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.communio-icr.com/articles/view/reasonable-doubts | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00204-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.902388 | 905 | 1.804688 | 2 |
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Intro to Earth Science & Mapping PRACTICE TEST
Name the four branches of Earth Science.
Astronomy, Meteorology, Geology, Oceanography
The item that is changed between groups in an experiment is known as the ……………………
What is being measured as a result in the experiment is known as the ………………………………………
What is the base metric unit for length?
Which is larger: kiloliter or milliliter?
Kiloliter 1 kiloliter = 1000 liters 1 liter = 1000 milliliters 1 kiloliter = 1,000,000 milliliters
What type of lines are used to measure distance north or south of the equator?
Longitude lines measure distance east or west of the __________________________
What is the latitude of the North Pole?
90 o N
What is the purpose of a LEGEND on a map?
To help you interpret all the symbols used on that map.
In order to travel from the equator to the South Pole, you would need to travel from ______ o _______ to ______ o _______
0 o to 90 o S
How are contour lines drawn to show a steep slope?
A contour line connects all points of __________________________
Elevation is given as feet above ____________________
Sea level is defined as the ____________________
Average between the high tide line and the low tide line.
How are depressions shown on a topographic map?
What is the difference in elevation between two contour lines called?
Identify the Independent Variable: Bounty paper towels can absorb more water than any other brand.
Type of paper towels
When you buy a water bottle out of the machine at Green Hope, you get a bottle that holds 560 _____ of water
How many grams are in one kilogram?
1 kilogram = 1000 grams
If our highway speed limit signs were to switch to metric, the speed limit sign in front of GHHS would be given in ____________ per hour.
Mapping the SF Bay Overview SF Bay: Know the waterways and bridges.
Cartography – science of mapmaking Equator circles Earth halfway between the north and south poles ◦ Separates Earth into 2 equal halves (hemispheres)
Lines of Latitude and Longitude. Latitude Latitude: A line on a map or globe that runs east and west and measures distance north or south of the equator.
Mapping Our World Section 2.1. New Vocabulary Cartography: the science of mapmaking 00 180 latitude Prime meridian equator International Date Line.
EXPLORING THE EARTH. Earth’s Major Spheres The hydrosphere includes all liquid water on Earth—both saltwater and fresh water. The atmosphere consists.
A topographic map is a map that shows the shape (topography) of the land.
Scientific Method Earth Science Branches DensityMaps.
Maps Projections of The Earth. Cardinal Directions North, South, East, and West are all Cardinal Directions.
Chapter 3. Finding Locations on Earth: Latitude A reference grid that is made up of additional circles is used to locate places on Earth‘s surface.
Geomorphology Mr. Skirbst Earth Science Topic 27.
MAPPING OUR WORLD. MAPPING Cartography- Cartography- science of map makingscience of map making.
Jeopardy Topographic Maps Longitude / Latitude Time Q $100 Q $200 Q $300 Q $400 Q $500 Q $100 Q $200 Q $300 Q $400 Q $500 Final Jeopardy More Topography.
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The Earth Earth Sciences Tools Earth’s Features. Earth Sciences Geology – Earth’s land, including the surface of the Earth, the inside of the Earth, how.
CATALYST On a sticky: 1.Draw a compass and all its parts.
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General Map Review. 1.Maps that show lots of detail are ______ scale. 2.Do contour lines ever cross? 3.Tell me about the V concept. 4.Does this place.
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Earth Science Chapter 2. $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $100 Earth’s.
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Fear of flying is a common affliction, even for regular flyers. For some, it’s due to an upsetting experience – memories of a turbulent flight in childhood, say – or simply something that you feel has been with you as long as you can remember.
There are seldom quick fixes for any kind of phobia, but on World Mental Health Day on 10 October, Luane Lavery, brand communication manager for kulula.com and British Airways suggests a few ways to deal with aerophobia:
Know the limits of logic: it’s worth acknowledging that commercial air travel is very safe. Statistically it’s far safer than, for example, travelling on the roads. So accepting that fear feels real even though it’s not rational can be a first step toward overcoming it;
Find a goal: before you board your flight, focus on something that you’re looking forward to experiencing when you land. Perhaps it’s seeing loved ones or having a meal at a favourite restaurant. It’s a way to focus on surviving the flight and enjoying what’s beyond it;
Speak up: the flight attendants are there for your safety and comfort, so don’t feel self-conscious about telling them you’re nervous;
Know what ignites your fear: recognize what triggers anxiety, whether it’s noise of the aircraft engines starting to rev, or the aircraft doors closing;
Treat yourself: a new book, a playlist of favourite songs, or a TV series to binge-watch on your device. It will help entertain and distract you from the flight;
Trust the technology: modern airliners are so overdesigned that the very worst turbulence won’t damage them. As long as you follow the safety procedures and keep yourself strapped in when the seatbelt light is on you’ll be safe and sound.
Experiment: some nervous fliers find that distracting themselves by writing with their non-dominant hand, or squeezing a stress-ball, or holding worry-beads.
Chat to a pro: a professional can help you find ways to deal with your fear. See the South African Depression and Anxiety Group at www.sadag.org | <urn:uuid:098d12b6-661f-4e99-9487-8b3735308a40> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://insidetravel.news/dont-be-grounded-by-fear-of-flying/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.933792 | 461 | 2.140625 | 2 |
In October of 2012, the City of Cumberland announced its participation in the State of Maryland’s, Governor’s Office of Crime Control and Prevention, Safe Streets initiative.
The Maryland State Safe Streets initiative is a crime-reduction model which promotes collaboration and information sharing across multiple agencies responsible for the welfare of our communities. The State initiative is designed to create a format where all public agencies can work together to reduce crime and improve the quality of our neighborhoods.
The Safe Streets process includes the aggressive tracking of the disproportionate amount of crime committed by repeat offenders, by utilizing a multi-agency collaboration with federal, state, and local law enforcement agencies, public safety agencies and community partners. The Safe Streets objective is to reduce crime and criminal activity within the city and surrounding areas - since we know that criminality has no boundaries.
The Safe Streets Newsletter provides the citizens of Cumberland with a resource to observe the Police Department’s efforts to reduce crime. | <urn:uuid:e954683a-f9f7-4956-9c20-1a0109c69c5a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://ci.cumberland.md.us/287/Safe-Streets-Initiative | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00421-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.931443 | 194 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Indianapolis Animal Care and Control is getting ready to hire its 11th leader in the past 12 years.
The new administrator's job, by many accounts, won't be easy.
Two committees that have reviewed shelter operations stress that significant changes need to be made, not only for the well-being of sheltered animals but to bring some stability to the agency's leadership.
Among their concerns: too few staff members to provide optimum care, an employee-hiring process that takes too long, animals getting too little interaction time with people, a full-time veterinarian position unfilled for months and a lack of proper places to isolate sick animals.
The shelter has shown improvement in recent years, as gauged by a steadily decreasing percentage of its animals that have been euthanized, from about half only a few years ago to about three in 10 now.
Still, the turnover in leadership alone hints at lingering issues.
Department of Public Safety Director Troy Riggs appointed the two committees to take a closer look. One set out to determine criteria for hiring a new leader, the other to look at shelter policies. The committees comprise City-County Council members, current and former shelter employees and people in the community involved with animal care.
Despite the improvement in animal adoptions, committee members and animal advocates remain concerned about care.
"It is universally understood — Republicans, Democrats, professionals, veterinarians, animal-welfare people — that the facility is completely and has been completely inadequate and inappropriate for the use that it was designed for," said City-County Council Member Zach Adamson, a chairman of the leadership review committee.
Problems at hand
Animal Care and Control, which falls under the Department of Public Safety like the Indianapolis Metropolitan Police Department and the Indianapolis Fire Department, is responsible for taking in stray and unwanted animals in Marion County. Unlike rescue groups, which can cap the number of animals they take, the shelter cannot. Lost animals can be claimed at the shelter, and people also can come and adopt animals. But when space has run out, the shelter has turned to euthanizing.
Members of the leadership committee outlined their concerns in a report of recommendations submitted to the Department of Public Safety.
"Indianapolis," the committee's report said, "is known not to pay its leader adequately, that the shelter and agency are ill-equipped, antiquated, inadequately budgeted, and that the leader does not appear to receive support from the administration. Each of these issues must be adequately addressed or the leadership position will continue to be a revolving door for which the animals and the community of Indianapolis will suffer."
The report from the leadership committee and a draft report from the shelter committee recommend a host of changes:
• The administrator's title should be changed to "chief," and the pay for the position should be bumped from $75,000 to $90,000.
• The number of kennel workers should be more than doubled, from 12 to 25, based on guidelines set by the Association of Shelter Veterinarians to allow 15 minutes to be spent with each animal and cleaning its cage daily. Darcie Kurtz, a former kennel manager for the agency who sits on one of the review committees, estimated that time spent with each animal was closer to five minutes during her experience at the shelter. Kurtz left in 2012.
• A veterinarian on one of the committees said the shelter needs to have appropriate isolation rooms for sick animals. Former office space is now used to quarantine animals, interim director Spencer Moore said.
• Some shelter supplies are missing. Others are broken. Some pooper scoopers have been "rigged and repaired rather than repurchased," the draft report says.
• The shelter doesn't use consistent food, which is not best practice for animals' diets. Food now is donated.
"It's not a clean, comfortable, safe and healthy environment," said Kurtz, who now works at FACE, a low-cost spay and neuter clinic.
Department of Public Safety officials say they welcome the committees' input but question some of the issues raised.
"I can't even think of a time that they have needed something — microchips, medicine, antibiotics — that they didn't have the funding to it," DPS Deputy Director Valerie Washington said.
She and DPS spokesman Al Larsen said DPS holds weekly management meetings that include the head of Animal Care and Control. The hiring process for shelter employees has been eased, as well.
The shelter's "live-save" rate, a measure of how many animals are adopted versus euthanized, has improved dramatically in recent years. The rate was about 49 percent in 2011, DPS said, and so far this year is about 73 percent.
"I think there's just been just kind of a lot of dart throwing," she Washington said of the critical assessment of shelter operations.
"There's always just we need more, and I guess I would say we need more specific information on what that is and we would be more than willing to come to the table and walk through the needs and come up with a plan."
Washington said she thinks Animal Care and Control will need to see a change in the future, but "we're just not exactly sure what it looks like." A "solid needs assessment" needs to be done, she said.
Mayor Greg Ballard's proposed 2015 budget calls for about a $185,000 cut to Animal Care and Control's $4.36 million annual budget.
A new chief of the agency is expected to be hired soon.
The committee looking at the kennel policies won't conclude their meetings until early September. Washington also will be attending one of the committee's meetings.
DPS, Washington said, "will definitely include those recommendations and hand those off to the new administrator."
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Credit | 60.Limitation - YouTube
Bottom. Sometimes a man comes up against what seems at the time to be insurmountable limitations. When this happens, it is important that the man recognize the situation and not try to go beyond what is possible. By staying within the limits set on his forward movement, he is able to consolidate his resources, sharpen his skills, and adequately plan his next move. Then, when the time is ripe, he will be in a position to take whatever further steps are indicated at that time. Careful planning is necessary for the accomplishment of great enterprises.
2. When a man prepares for action, there comes a time when preparation is complete, obstacles are out of the way, and action is most appropriate. Before that time, he is not really ready. After that time, he has missed the opportunity. If worrying and fretting cause him to delay when the time is ripe, the result will be failure.
3. The man who seeks only the pleasures of frivolous entertainment has no sense of limitations. He is looking for as much of those things as he can find to fill as many hours in the day as he has. Such a path is hardly the way to a fulfilling life, and invariably leads to a sense of emptiness and futility. And just as invariably, he will seek to blame others or circumstances for his fruitlessness. Only when he comes to realize that the vacuity of his life is his own doing, that the path he pursues cannot possibly provide a sense of fulfillment, will he be able to focus himself and his life upon a more productive path.
4. If a man's life is limited by artificial values that do not naturally suit him, he will get nowhere because all his energies are directed at maintaining the form while ignoring the substance. Limitations that lead to success exist for a purpose: they contribute directly to the achievement of the man's goals and purposes, and in fact are necessary to accomplish the goals successfully. Other kinds of limitations that only help make life more complicated and add nothing of themselves detract from the goal and siphon off energy needed to achieve it.
5. A man who seeks to establish limitations on others cannot exempt himself. In fact, he will be much more successful if he presents himself as a model for limited behavior. "Do as I say, not as I do" has little influence on others and instead earns their contempt, not their respect. But if the man adopts the limitations himself and can show how successfully they work, his words and example will exert tremendous influence. With such an approach, success will come to all who adopt the limitations.
Top. All normal men aspire to some degree of personal liberty. For a youth, a reasonable level of liberty is seen as an entitlement as he approaches adulthood. If limitations are imposed that go too far in suppressing what is seen as a reasonable degree of personal liberty, the normal, healthy person will surely rebel. If he who imposes the limitations thinks that he, as an authority figure, has the right to impose any limitations he chooses, no matter how severe, then his actions can only lead to disaster, because they violate human nature and force a reaction in their object.
There is one exception to this rule, however. There are occasions when the strictest limitations are needed in order to heal the body or the mind. If a person has lost control over his own behavior, if he is unable to do what he must or unable to resist what he must not, then it is necessary for him to submit himself to whatever limitations are required in order to rescue him from misfortune. These may indeed by unpleasant and even unbearable; but the difficulties that have engulfed him demand no less
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Whales have always been central to the legends of the Cook Islands, as it is believed that our ancient voyager ancestors came to these islands-guided by Whales. Today, Whales continue to be revered by the Cook Island people, and are protected throughout the world’s largest marine park, the Marae Moana (sacred place of beauty) established within Cook Island waters.
This marine park currently consists of a massive 1 million square kilometers of Pacific Ocean, with plans currently underway to double its’ size.
The Cook Islands, and in particular Rarotonga, feature on the travel itinerary for the world’s last critically endangered Humpback Whale migratory population. There are regrettably less than 60,000 Humpback Whales left in the Southern Hemisphere. This number is comprised of nine migratory populations, and one non-migratory population in the Arabian Sea. The ‘Cook Islands’ Oceania migratory population comprises of a mere 3,000 – 3,500 individuals.
These Whales herald all the way from Antarctica, and travel through the South Pacific Region – arriving in Cook Island waters from July through to October each year.
One of the reasons that our migratory population is so small, is because of illegal Soviet Whaling that was carriedout between 1947 and 1973. (26 years). In the Southern Hemisphere alone, almost 100,000 whales were secretly killed by the U.S.S.R., and not reported to the IWC (Yalokov et al, 1998; Clapham and Baker, 2002). Of this total, some 46,000 were Humpback Whales. During this same period, Soviet catches of Humpback Whales were carried out by 4 floating factory fleets. Although the total catch during this period was 48,702 Humpbacks, only 2,710 of these catches were actually reported to the IWC In the past, Whales (as a species) have satisfied mankind’s hunger for red meat, illuminated the streets of Europe and warmed the homes of countless families.
Today we are now learning that they have always made far greater contributions than we could have possibly imagined – inparticular they have contributed to the health of our oceans, and moreover they contribute to the very survival of all living things (see further).
In modern times, it is becoming evident that Whales (of all types), also have the ability to emancipate the spirit of mankind – by bringing us back to a placeof extreme emotional happiness. This is abundantly clear by the reaction of people who have been fortunate enough to view these magical creatures in their natural environment. These experiences have been referred to as ‘Life Changing’, ‘Spiritual awakenings’, ‘Humbling’, ‘Emotionally charged’ (in a positive way), ‘Joyful’, ‘Calming’, ‘Inspirational’ and always ….‘Unforgettable’.
The level of Tourism to Rarotonga has increased exponentially over the last 5 years, and so too has there been an awakening as to not only the value of our Whales as a massive draw-card for tourists; but also, the realization that both humans and Whales are at risk during the Whale Season. This is due to the fact that best practice protocols are currently not backed up by legislation.
Although a set of rules and regulations wasintroduced by the world- famous cetacean scientist, Nan Hauser, who has lived on Rarotonga for the last 19 years and studied our visiting Humpback Whales: attempts to formalise legislation to enforce compliance, and moreover to establish best practice protocols, has made extremely slow progress. Nan Hauser is also the founder and CEO of the Cook Islands Whale Research Centre.
“Both Whales and Humans continue to be unnecessarily at risk” says Nan, “…and without these best practice protocols being adopted by all vessels operating within close proximity to the Whales, these beautiful and majestic creatures continue to be at risk (and have already sustained) injuries from fast travelling boats coming in too close: in particular, to the mothers and their newly born calves.
Tourists too will also continue to be at risk, with the potential of a tragic accident occurring – being an unfortunate reality” she adds.
The best practice protocols that Nan is referring to in particular, are as follows:
- No vessel (other than a scientificresearch vessel) to come within 300m of a mother and calf.
- Drones (flying camera devices) may notfly lower than 300m above, or closer horizontally, to a mother and calf.
- No Vessel (other than a scientific research vessel) to come within 100m of ‘other’ whales.
- Drones may not fly lower than 100m above, or closer horizontally, to other Whale individuals.
- The speed of all vessels within 10 kms of Rarotonga’s shores / reef, to be limited during the Whale Season. (such speed asyet to be agreed by to by the commercial operators as well as the Whale Research Centre) As the Humpback Whales are circa 1000 times larger than the average adult human being, keeping distances like this, and providing these Whales with a humane and ethical ‘comfort zone’ during their breeding season – should not inhibit our Tourist’s ability to still have excellent viewing opportunities’ says Nan.
To be able to support the seemingly outrageous claims that Whales contribute to the health of our oceans, as well as to the very survival of all living things: to follow is some interesting information to assist in our understanding these magnificent ceatures. Such information has been derived from snippets of a recent interview with Nan Hauser, shortly after the spectacular ‘Whale of an Event 2016’ fundraiser, initiated and sponsored by the Crown Beach Resort on behalf of the Cook Islands Whale Research Center, in October, 2016.
How is it possible that Whales can affect the health of the Oceans?
One of the most exciting scientific findings of the past half century, has been the discovery of widespread trophic cascades. A trophic cascade is an ecological process which starts at the top of the food chain, and tumbles all the way down to the bottom
We all know that Whales eat fish and krill, and some people – certain politicians in Japan for an example – have argued that killing Whales would be good for human beings, as it would boost the food available for us to eat. However, as Whales declined, so did the numbers of fish and krill. It seems counter-intuitive: surely their numbers would rise as their major predators disappeared? But now it turns out that Whales not only eat these creatures, but they also keep them alive.
In fact, they help sustain the entire living system of the oceans. Whales feed at depth, in waters that are often pitch dark. Then they return to the surface: to the photic zone, where there’s enough light for photosynthesis to take place. There, they release what biologists call fecal plumes: vast outpourings of poo: ‘poonamis…’. These plumes are rich in iron and nitrogen, nutrients which are often very scarce in the surface waters. All these nutrients fertilize the plant plankton that lives in the only place where plants can survive…. the photic zone.
Fertilizing the surface waters is not the only thing that Whales do. By plunging up and down through the water column, they also keep kicking plankton back up into the photic zone, giving it more time to reproduce, before it sinks into the abyss….
Even today, though Whale populations have been greatly reduced, the vertical mixing of water caused by movements of these mammals up and down through the column of the ocean is, astonishingly, roughly the same as the amount of mixing caused by the world’s wind, waves and tides. More plant plankton, means more animal plankton, on which larger creatures then feed. In other words, more Whales means more fish and krill.
But the story doesn’t end here, because plant plankton not only feeds the animals of the sea; it also absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere…. When, eventually, it sinks to the ocean floor, it takes this carbon out of circulation, down to a place where it remains for many thousands of years. The more Whales there are, the more plankton there is. The more plankton there is, the more carbon is drawn out of the air.
When Whales were at their historic populations, before their numbers were reduced, it seems that Whales might have been responsible for removing tens of millions of tons of carbon from the atmosphere every year. Whales change climate. The return of the great Whales, if they were to be allowed to recover, could be seen as a benign form of geo-engineering. It could undo some of the damage we have done, both to the living systems of the sea, and to the atmosphere.
Q: Do Whales give birth to twins? If so, how prevalent is this?
Yes, a Humpback Whale mother can have twin calves, but it is a very rare event, occurring about 0.39 percent of all pregnancies.
Q: Do you have an estimate of what percentage of Whale calves make it back to Antarctic? As this may assist us all in being able to estimate just how long it will take for the Cook Islands Oceania migratory population to recover their numbers.
Regrettably, there is currently not a chance in the world anyone knows this.
Q: How are Whales able to produce sounds / song without expelling air like humans do?
They reverberate air. Baleen Whales do not have a phonic lip structure. Instead they have a larynx that plays a role in sound production, but it lacks vocal cords.We’re not sure exactly how they produce these sounds. The process, however, cannot be completely analogous to humans,because Whales do not have to exhale in order to produce sound. It is likely that they recycle air around the body for this purpose. Cranial sinuses may also be used to create the sounds.
Q: We know that male Whales have the ability to ‘sing’. Do female Whales make sounds? If not – are we to presume that they do not communicate with other individuals of their species through sound but perhaps via telepathy / other dimensions?
Actually female Whales do vocalise to other members of their species. They don’t ‘sing’ actual songs like the males do, but they can be quite vocal with other Whales, and especially their calves.
Q: All humans can appreciate their environment on a 3-dimensional level, and it is believed that gifted humans can appreciate their surroundings via up to 5 dimensions. How many dimensions do we currently believe Whales have command of?
All we know is that they are far beyond our ability to use the dimensions that we are limited to, however, we still have no idea how many dimensions they have command over.
Q: Based on our knowledge of a Whales muscle structure, and knowing that in the average lifetime of a Southern Hemisphere Humpback Whale they are capable of travelling to the moon and back, three time!!: would it be reasonable to deduce that their physical muscle mass is insufficient to be able to swim the distances they do – without employing energy / force from alternative power sources in the ocean? i.e. currents, gravity or perhaps the pull of the moon.
We don’t know this for sure, but it seems that the things that you mentioned must be an energy source.
Q: What is the average lifespan of Humpback Whales?
Circa 80 years.
Q: Why do we think Whales Breach? Do they do this all the time, or only during mating season?
All the time. They breach for many reasons! Competition, play, removing parasites, socializing, courting or warning others in their group of danger
Q: We know this is rather a naughty question, but us locals on the Island are acutely aware of the fact that these Whales come here to breed and give birth. Our fishermen also often see evidence of copious quantities of Whale sperm floating on top of the water after sexual activity….so our menfolk are curious as to the average size / weight of a Humpback’s testes…?
(Giggling….) Not too sure about Humpback Whales, but with Right Whales they weigh 1 ton, and with Blue Whales we are talking about 5 tons…
Q: Do whales see in colour? Humans have evolved over time to be able to see colour…is this the case with Whales? and do their young only see in black and white – like human babies do during the first few months?
They do have similar cone and rod cells in their eyes like humans do, and what I can say for sure is that dolphins most certainly see in colour….as colour is just a vibration. Dolphins show a preference to bright colours. To date there seems no evidence to support that this is also the case with Whales.
Q: How many lungs do Whales have? As they can stay underwater for such long periods. Do they process oxygen like humans do?
To assist with long dives, whales have developed special lungs that help them inhale additional oxygen, and transfer it to enlarged blood vessels, where it can be used by the body.
Q: How many stomachs do Whales have? And if only 1 – do they derive nutrition from their food like humans do?
From the book ‘Whales ‘by E.J. Slijper; it is said that the stomach of a Cetacean (whales and dolphins) consists of 3 main compartments. Whales have a similar stomach make up to that of cattle, deer or sheep. Some Beaked Whales that I have necropsied (dissected) have had between 11 and 13 stomachs.
The migratory Humpback Whales that grace the tropical-blue South Pacific Ocean that embraces the Cook Islands, are far too valuable to our Tourism Industry not to be protected by legislation. The potential loss of these Whales due to ignorance and / or commercial greed, would surely be a travesty for us all. | <urn:uuid:bbd2b8ab-ef9e-426c-bd09-99910db2ebb6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.crownbeach.com/2016/12/11/5082/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571536.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811224716-20220812014716-00278.warc.gz | en | 0.958873 | 3,010 | 3.546875 | 4 |
Jan 29, 2013 Glass Bottle Crusher used cone crusher,crushers in uae,cone Glass Bottle Crusher. A glass crusher provides for pulverization of glass to a yield size of 2 or less. Recycling operations may range from simple manually fed More detailed
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Nov 02, 2011 Cost to make said Frit Maker...a whopping 23. I wish I could say it was more complicated...but the general principle is to create a piston in which to put the glass, and a plunger type devise to crush it, while keeping the glass from flying all over. You will need to sift the frit to separate out the dust and very fine glass particles, but ...
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Apr 22, 2020 Create a pattern with the glass rounds, and crush the remaining bottles to fill out the design. You can mix green brown, blue and clear glass for a multicolored countertop. While glass-crushing machines can be purchased, a less expensive option is a glass-crusher mortar and pestle, which you can find at stained glass supply stores.
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GL Sand bottle crusher provides an on premises solution for glass waste that is economically and environmentally sustainable. Glass can be recycled with no loss of quality or purity. Cullet or domestic glass is the most common type of glass used for bottles of wine, beer, soda, juice and glass
The GP-1000 Glass Pulverizer was developed as an economical solution for low to medium volume glass bottle recyclers. Internal trommel screen separates glass into two usable sizes -18 and -38 pulverized glass. This glass pulverizer is ideal for recycling centers, municipalities, bottlers or any other user requiring -18 pulverized glass and -38 pulverized glass. Processes
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The first thing that you should do to make a Universal Can Crusher is poke a hole in the drain. You do this do the string can come to the top of the can crusher so you can begin to promote recycling. Note- Make sure that you do not poke the hole right in the middle of
A high volume glass crusher designed for long life and trouble free operation. This model is capable of handling full or empty bottles. Conveyor Fed design with side flanges on belt and cover rails to contain material. This feature has been proven to greatly extend the life of the belt, eliminating some costly routine maintenance found on other ...
Making Glass From Sand eHow what kind of sand to use for making glass Grinding Mill China. roll grinding fluting machine wanted sand making roll crusher 2 Mill Machinesand making roll crusher 2 from XSM used for mining. | <urn:uuid:813c4a46-4261-4e45-9b52-358670aa7f28> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blairczyta.pl/news/2225807_18508.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.904687 | 1,889 | 1.960938 | 2 |
Sentences are given in the passive voice. You have to change them into the active voice.
1. This portrait was painted by my grandmother.
2. The injured boy was taken to the hospital.
3. She has been sacked.
4. I have been invited to their party.
5. She has been promoted.
6. The dog was beaten by its master.
7. He was run over by a speeding car.
8. The flowers have been plucked by the children.
9. My pen has been stolen.
10. The house is being built by the masons.
11. Short stories are written by her.
12. The thief has been arrested by the police.
13. Shoes are mended by cobblers.
14. Furniture is made by carpenters.
15. The mouse was being chased by the cat.
1. My grandmother painted this portrait.
2. They took the injured boy to the hospital.
3. They have sacked her.
4. They have invited me to their party.
5. They have promoted her.
6. The master beat the dog.
7. A speeding car ran over him.
8. The children have plucked the flowers.
9. Somebody has stolen my pen.
10. Masons are building the house.
11. She writes short stories.
12. The police have arrested the thief.
13. Cobblers mend shoes.
14. Carpenters make furniture.
15. The cat was chasing the mouse. | <urn:uuid:33454685-9a94-4e60-972b-96e88c786bc0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.englishgrammar.org/change-active-voice-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00192-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.988351 | 326 | 2.875 | 3 |
Fast Forward For Violin is a book of 21 separate easy pieces designed for violin.
A complete new edition of the Scott Joplin rags, with introduction by Max Morath.
This extremely comprehensive blues solo collection features 260 pages and over 50 fingerpicking Guitar solos in notation and tablature in country blues, Delta blues, ragtime blues, Texas blues and bottleneck styles.
Katherine And Hugh Colledge's Fast Forward for Cello. Cello part only.
Fast Forward is a third book of twenty-one pieces for beginner cellists with piano accompaniment, composed by Katherine and Hugh Colledge.
The third book of this ever popular series, containing 21 pieces which help build skills using new finger patterns and varied bowing techniques. Ideal for beginner Viola players with Piano Accompaniment. | <urn:uuid:dc15ba97-4e3d-4cf7-add2-3c1e86ff5390> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.musicroom.com/song/46837/weeping-willow/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00402-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.86324 | 166 | 1.578125 | 2 |
In this class, we will walk you through the procedures using specialized toolsets to design from start to finish. We will learn how to use standard content in AutoCAD Architecture software and AutoCAD MEP software. Then we’ll learn how to use Bill of Materials from AutoCAD Mechanical software, along with wiring diagrams and reporting from AutoCAD Electrical software, to simplify and accelerate your design process. We will show you how to transition between different toolsets to achieve optimal design.
- Learn how to insert standard content like doors and windows using AutoCAD Architecture
- Learn how to generate bills of materials using AutoCAD Mechanical
- Learn how to create wire diagrams and generate reports using AutoCAD Electrical
- Learn how to lay the plumbing work within your design using AutoCAD MEP | <urn:uuid:66f1f5fb-55de-4474-926f-99f60d72ef57> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.autodesk.com/autodesk-university/class/Wielding-Power-One-AutoCAD-Toolsets-Utilize-Toolsets-Content-and-Standards-2018 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571502.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811194507-20220811224507-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.800115 | 169 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Important reforms to strata law will help better manage issues in strata in areas like overcrowding, pets, parking, and smoke drift, tailored to strata living today. This is part of an information series explaining the amendments in greater detail.
Current laws make it very difficult for owners to make even minor renovations to their lot. Even inserting a picture hook requires the approval of the owners corporation.
Changes will establish a common sense approach to owner renovations to help improve day-to-day living in strata.
The following three-tiered approval process for owner-renovations will apply:
Fair Trading will develop further information to help lot owners and owners corporations understand and apply these new requirements.
The reforms will provide more options for owners corporations to control unauthorised parking on common property. As part of the changes, owners corporations will be able to enter into an agreement with the local council to manage unauthorised parking on the common property.
Current options already available to owners corporations to address unauthorised parking include by-law enforcement, signage and barriers and calling the police if an individual is thought to be trespassing.
Online booking services have become an increasingly popular way to let accommodation for short-term stays. Sometimes this can result in overuse of common property, like lifts, and in excess noise and other disruption detrimental to long term residents and owner occupiers. Most schemes already have by-laws about noise and the behaviour of residents.
Owners corporations are able to enforce these by-laws, and seek an order in the Tribunal. The reforms will make it easier for owners corporations to enforce by-laws and increase penalties available to the Tribunal to better deter poor behaviour. Fair Trading has further information available on its website for landlords and renters.
Overcrowding can impact on the amenity of residents living in a strata scheme and pose significant health and safety risks. Common problems that arise can include noise problems, excessive water use, and insufficient parking in the complex. It can also place a strain on facilities and common property, and create fire hazards.
The reforms allow owners corporations to make a by-law limiting the number of people who can reside in a lot (but schemes must still allow no fewer than two adults per bedroom), so that strata schemes are able to better manage overcrowding.
Schemes wanting to impose such a limit will be able to introduce a by-law by passing a special resolution.
If any owner or tenant breaches the by-law after the notice has been issued, the owners corporation will be able to apply to the Tribunal, and impose penalties of up to $5,500 for the first offence and $11,000 for each and every subsequent offence detected within 12 months of the imposition of the earlier penalty. Larger families will not be discriminated against because the by-law will not apply to children and an overcrowding by-law cannot be inconsistent with the planning approval for the building.
During consultation on the reforms it was highlighted that, in some cases, people can be forced to choose between their pet and living in a strata building. Reforms will amend model by-laws to make it easier for owners corporations to allow for the keeping of pets as opposed to automatically prohibiting pet ownership in a scheme.
The strata reforms will remove any reference to a ban in the model by-laws. As part of the requirement for schemes to review their by-laws within 12 months of 30 November 2016, schemes will also be actively encouraged to consider whether their existing ban should be lifted. Model by-laws are suggested by-laws that an owners corporation can choose to adopt (or not), or use to amend their current enforceable by-laws if they wish. The model by-laws are not the by-laws of a scheme unless they are formally adopted.
Model by-laws do not remove a scheme’s ability to make its own rules about pets. Schemes could place reasonable conditions on keeping pets (eg. its access to common property). If Option B of the model by-laws was adopted, the written request to keep a pet could not be unreasonably refused. For example, schemes could not unreasonably refuse the keeping of a small pet, such as a cat, particularly if it is kept indoors. Each case would be considered on its merits.
A by-law cannot ban an owner from keeping guide dogs and other assistance animals. The by-law can require the owner to provide legal proof that the animal is an assistance animal. The reforms expand the category of assistance animals to include dogs or other animals that provide other assistance such as for those with a psychiatric disability. However, if an animal is causing a nuisance or hazard, NCAT can make an order that it can't stay in the lot.
Current strata law prevents residents from causing a nuisance or hazard that can interfere with another person enjoying their lot or common property. Individuals already have the power to take a resident who smokes to the Tribunal if their actions are thought to create a nuisance or hazard.
These powers will remain in the new Act and be strengthened by specifically noting that smoking can be considered to be a nuisance or hazard.
The reforms include a model by-law that would allow banning a resident from allowing smoke to drift into another person's lot or into the common property, from their own lot.
The by-law amendments will allow owners corporations to enforce the ban by issuing a notice to comply and ultimately seek an order in the Tribunal. The owners corporation would be able to take action against offenders rather than leaving this to individual owners.
Model by-laws do not remove a scheme’s ability to make its own rules about smoking. Model by-laws are suggested by-laws that an owners corporation can choose to adopt (or not), or use to amend their current enforceable by-laws if they wish. The model by-laws are not the by-laws of a scheme unless they are formally adopted.
Under current strata law, residents who breach a by-law face a maximum fine of $550 for each offence. The new Act doubles the maximum penalty to $1,100 for each offence.
If the Tribunal believes a person has broken a by-law within 12 months of the Tribunal issuing a fine for breaching the same by-law, the Tribunal will have the power to issue a fine of up to $2,200 for each offence.
Currently, before the Tribunal can impose monetary penalties for breaching a by-law, the owners corporation must serve a 'notice to comply' on the owner or occupier, requiring them to comply with the by-law. This will continue to be required for a first breach. However, if a second breach of the same by-law occurs within 12 months after the Tribunal has imposed a penalty, the owners corporation will be able to automatically apply to the Tribunal for a penalty without issuing a 'notice to comply'. The owners corporation will be able to breach offenders rather than leaving this to individual owners.
Fines will be payable to the owners corporation, unless the Tribunal instructs otherwise. This will help to renumerate the owners corporation for the offence (eg. compensating for any needed repairs to common property). | <urn:uuid:8d5cb66f-a1f4-48d0-a910-38a15b48f13b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.fairtrading.nsw.gov.au/ftw/About_us/Have_your_say/Review_strata_community_scheme_laws/By-law_reforms.page | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00001-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948674 | 1,471 | 1.710938 | 2 |
Vitamin E is essential for the reproduction of all birds, but especially for those that live in captivity, such as canaries, pigeons and other cage birds. The lack of it is due in many cases to the total or partial sterility of the males and the low posture of the females.
Selenium is a nutrient necessary to keep birds healthy, it is important for reproduction, the production of DNA and to protect the body against infection and damage caused by free radicals.
In the mating season, a higher dose of SERISEROL is necessary, the use of which can double the births, reduces the number of clear eggs and ensures greater vigor in the offspring. SERISEROL can be used to stimulate heat in both males and females. . Its use is recommended during the periods prior to and throughout the breeding season, when the bird is subjected to intense muscular activity or during periods of greater musculoskeletal growth.
INDICATIONS AND USE:
Complementary food that improves fertility and increases sexual appetite in the heat of season. Stimulates the laying of
eggs. Helps prevent muscle wasting, spasms, and muscle stiffness.
DOSAGE AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE:
SERISEROL is used in drinking water and pasta. It is advisable to start 15 days before the matches.
liens and continue the treatment until, at least, the laying is finished. In 1/4 of a liter of water mix 10 drops
of SERISEROL and is made available to the birds in drinking troughs, for two days a week. For older
quantities, mix the contents of the cap of the 150 ml (8 ml) container in 4 liters of water. The water thus prepared should not be stored for more than 24 hours. 4 to 6 drops for 100 g of pasta. For larger quantities, a 150 ml bottle cap for 4 kg of pasta.
Sucrose and Propylene Glycol.
Additives (composition per 100ml): Vitamins, provitamins and chemically defined substances with analogous effect: (3a700) Vitamin E, 2 g; Trace Element Compounds: (3b801) Sodium selenite, 50 mg Preservative; Excipient, c.s | <urn:uuid:476f31df-b844-4a39-a036-fb357287370d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dovital.nl/en/latac-seriserol-150-ml/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.905186 | 467 | 2.609375 | 3 |
We look at the help available for carers, from free health checks to holidays and state benefits
Britain has an estimated six million carers — the unpaid relatives and friends who look after an ill, frail or disabled person. Yet Carers UK, the charity, says that the majority of these people do not realise that they are carers and that they may be entitled to help from the State and other sources.
Here is Times Money’s guide to the financial and other support that is available, and where to go for further information.
The principal state benefit for carers is the carer’s allowance of £53.10 a week. This is not a means-tested benefit, but it | <urn:uuid:91e4935f-75b8-4380-a99c-043ae3041a75> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/money/consumeraffairs/article2206530.ece | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00555-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955598 | 145 | 1.9375 | 2 |
BERKELEY, Calif., May 14 (UPI) -- A fleet of floating robots equipped with smartphones floated down a California river to test a new kind of water monitoring technology, researchers said.
Engineers at the University of California, Berkeley, said the test on the Sacramento River using smartphones with global positioning system capabilities could transform the way government agencies monitor one of the state's most precious resources.
The Floating Sensor Network project is intended to test a network of mobile sensors that can be deployed rapidly to provide real-time, high-resolution data in hard-to-map waterways, UC Berkeley reported.
Such data is vital for the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta, with its complex network of channels that directs drinking water to two-thirds of California's population and provides irrigation water for 3 million acres of agriculture, researchers said.
One hundred robots carrying GPS-enabled smartphones were used in the test, they said.
"The mobile probes we are using could potentially expand coverage in the Delta -- on demand -- to hundreds of miles of natural and manmade channels that are currently under-monitored, and help agencies responsible for managing the state's limited water supply," researcher Alexandre Bayen said.
Such a flexible system could be critical in the event of an emergency, including a levee breach or oil spill, the researchers said.
The sensors could be thrown into action from a dock, shore, boats or even helicopters, they said. | <urn:uuid:39629385-a060-4906-a83f-4a0cd8e7a6c6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.upi.com/Science_News/Technology/2012/05/14/Smartphones-help-track-water-flows/UPI-13511337032356/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00006-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.924982 | 293 | 3.1875 | 3 |
In Central Russia will become warmer before the end of may. This leading specialist of the center weather “Phobos” Eugene Tiscover said “National news service”.
According to him, during this week in Central Russia will be abnormally cold at night the temperature will drop to 0…+5 degrees, tomorrow afternoon will not exceed 10 degrees, in the following days will be +8…+13 degrees, the output reaches +15 degrees. In addition, it will be very cloudy, short rain will be almost every day.
“the Typical autumn, the cold period,” said Tiscover, calling such temperature values are characteristic of APR.
He also noted that in may in Central Russia the long periods of cold weather occur every 15 years. The cause of the current, he called a giant cyclonic vortex to the North Atlantic origin, and predicted that a return to normal temperature +20 degrees during the day, will happen by the end of the month.
Last week, as reported by “the Rambler”, the scientific Director of the hydrometeorological center of Russia Roman Vilfand also said that this week is not expected rapid warming in the European part of Russia. | <urn:uuid:e64b3e51-6e77-4ef2-9eec-f22147c09611> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.kxan36news.com/the-warming-in-russia | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.943168 | 251 | 2.4375 | 2 |
Thread: The hunting of George Zimmerman
Results 1 to 6 of 6
#1 The hunting of George Zimmerman
08-15-2013, 02:18 AM
- Join Date
- Jun 2008
From South African Paper, Politics Web.
14 August 2013
James Myburgh on what the Trayvon Martin case says about the US media and judicial systems
Last month's not guilty verdict in the trial of George Zimmerman on second degree murder and manslaughter charges for the killing of the black 17-year-old Trayvon Martin, in Sanford, Florida, on February 26 last year, has provoked a flurry of discussion in the US mainstream media on the issues of racial profiling and Stand Your Ground laws (which remove the duty to retreat in self-defence cases.) President Barack Obama even weighed in again on the case stating that Martin "could have been me 35 years ago" while calling for the problem of racial profiling of black Americans in the US to be recognised and addressed and Stand Your Ground Laws re-examined.
Somewhat awkwardly, however, neither were ultimately key issues in the case. Zimmerman's defence rested on a pure self-defence claim (he was not in a position to retreat when he shot Martin), while the prosecution, much as they would have liked to, could produce no evidence of racial profiling or bias on Zimmerman's part.
The question this raises is why the US political and media elites are so determined to link the Zimmerman acquittal to these racially-infused issues, though they turned out to be effectively irrelevant to the case? One possible answer is, perhaps, that it is a way of avoiding through misdirection having to face up to certain hard questions the trial raised about their own conduct.
Following the verdict Zimmerman's two lawyers - Don West and Mark O'Mara - held a press conference. West commented that the verdict prevented the tragedy of Trayvon Martin's death from becoming a travesty of justice. O'Mara was asked by a reporter whether his client had ever cried or shown emotion. He noted in reply that Zimmerman had been turned into the "most hated man in America" (as some had called him) for having defended his own life. He had also been a great believer in a justice system that he had always wanted to be part of, either as a cop or a prosecutor. O'Mara continued:
"Two systems went against George Zimmerman that he can't understand: You guys, the media. He was like a patient in an operating table where mad-scientists were committing experiments on him and he had no anaesthesia. He didn't know why he was turned into this monster but quite honestly, you guys had a lot to do with it. You just did because you took a story that was fed to you, and you ran with it, and you ran right over him. And that was horrid to him.
Then he comes into a system that he trusts. Let's not forget, six voluntary statements, voluntary surrender, and he believes in the system that he really wanted to be part of... right? And then he gets prosecutors that charge him with a crime they could never ever prove. They didn't lose evidence along the way... right? So, I don't think anyone would argue with me in this room that they had evidence of second degree murder. This, in your heart kind of stuff [prosecutors asked the jury to ‘look into their hearts' rather than at the evidence when deciding the verdict during closing arguments], is not what we're supposed to do and not what they are supposed to do. So those two systems failed him."
This challenge, though reported on, has provoked very little serious introspection by the mainstream media in the US. This is a pity, for if O'Mara is right about how those two systems failed Zimmerman, they will sooner or later fail others - with possibly more deadly results.
This article then will trace the evolution of the controversy over the shooting death of Trayvon Martin and the way information was presented (or "fed") to the press, and measure it against what we now know. It will then go on to discuss what this case says about the "two systems" that sought to have George Zimmerman arrested, tried and sent to jail for life....
Long article. Worth the read.
08-15-2013, 02:38 AM
- Join Date
- Jun 2008
...It later turned out that George Zimmerman was neither white nor racially-minded. Indeed, he was something of a poster-child for post-racial America. His mother was Peruvian and of mixed racial ancestry (including black African ancestry). His father was a white American. He was fluent in both Spanish and English. He grew up in a completely multi-racial family environment, had black foster-siblings as a child, took a black girl to the prom, had close black friends and mentored two black children from the ghetto along with his wife. The FBI interviews of over 30 of his colleagues and acquaintances could find no evidence of anti-black prejudice or stereotyping.
He had been arrested in 2005 after, according to his version, he went to the aid of a friend in the bar who was being accosted by someone in civilian dress. It turned out that person was an undercover drug and alcohol agent and he was promptly arrested. The charges were later reduced to nothing after he agreed to undergo a pre-trial diversion programme. He had helped initiate, and went on to be duly appointed as co-ordinator for, the neighbourhood watch programme at the Retreat at Twin Lakes. This was after a spate of burglaries, and one home invasion, mostly by young black males. His ex-fiancée - with whom he had had an acrimonious relationship that ended in both taking out restraining orders against the other - told the FBI that Zimmerman "was not the type of person to place himself in a physical confrontation." In the trial he was described as "meek" by the Sanford Police's neighbour watch organiser, Wendy Dorival, and "physically soft" by his gym instructor Adam Pollock.
The picture of Trayvon Martin, presented by the Martin team, in March 2012, has subsequently been proven to be highly misleading; in one respect literally so. The photograph of Martin in a Hollister shirt was of when he was, according to one article, twelve years old. The first tranche of images released by Martin's family, all of a much younger Trayvon, appear to have tainted a number of witnesses' testimony. Martin was not a "little boy" on February 26 2012. He was over 6 foot and weighed over 158lbs.
For many boys making the transition from adolescence to successful adulthood can be a treacherous game of snakes and ladders. It is now apparent that, whatever his earlier promise, Trayvon Martin was on a rapid downward slide at the time his path intersected with that of Zimmerman's. According to a sympathetic profile in Esquire he had failed the FCAT, the Florida standardised test that he needed in order to graduate and progress on to college. He had also "missed fifty-three days of school between August and February." He regularly smoked marijuana, had an interest in street fighting and, it seems, was involved in petty criminality as well. This was reflected in his three suspensions from school in the four months leading up to February 26.
The first of these occurred on October 20 2011 after Trayvon Martin was observed by the principal Francisco Garnica on the school's CCTV camera system in "an unauthorised area (3122 hallway) hiding and being suspicious". As Martin exited the hallway door he was seen writing on it. "Upon reading the graffiti it read W.T.F (what the fuck)." The following day Garnica found Martin, who was known to him, and looked for the marker in the bag. "There he discovered numerous women's jewelry and a large screwdriver (burglary tool)." Miami Dade School Resource Officer Darryl Dunn was called. "When asked did the items belong to his mother, family members or girlfriend Martin replied it's not mine. A friend gave it to me. Martin declined to give his friends name." Martin was "suspended, warned and dismissed for the graffiti." The various items of jewelry and the burglary tool were impounded. However, they were listed as "found" not "stolen" property as, it appears, the Miami-Dade School Police Department were under pressure to keep crime statistics down. As a result the case was buried within the school disciplinary system and not subjected to criminal investigation (or linked to any recent burglaries in the area).
The second suspension appears to have been for fighting. In a text message exchange extracted from his cellphone, dated November 7 2011, he was asked by a correspondent "You Didn't Go to School?" He replied:
Naw I'm suspended
Wat Yhuu Did?
In another exchange two weeks later (November 21 2011) he commented that he was "Tired nd sore": His correspondent replied:
Me too, but wat happen tah yuhh??
Cause man dat nigga snitched on me
Bae y yuu always fightinqq man, yu got suspended?
Naw we thumped afta skool in a ducked off spot
Oh well Damee
I lost da 1st [round] :( but won da 2nd nd 3rd
Ohh So It Wass 3 Rounds? Damee well at least yu won lol but yuu needa stop fightinqq bae Forreal
Naw im not done wit fool...he gone have 2 see me a again
Nooe bae Stop, yuu aint qonn bee satisfied till yuh qet suspended again huh?
Naw but he aint breed [bleed] nuff 4 me, only his nose... but afta dat im done.
In a text message sent the follow day he commented on his loss in the first round: "Yea cause he got mo hits cause in da 1st round he had me on da ground nd i couldn't do ntn." That evening he told a correspondent via text message that his mother had just told him she was kicking him out the house:
My mom just told me i gotta move wit my dad
So what does that mean?
She just kicked me out :(
I promise u my mom just told me i gotta move
What did you do now?
Da police caught me outta skool
Lol really dude?
So you just turning into a lil hoodlum
No not at all
U a hoodlum
Naw I'm a gangsta
Lies.com...lol u soft
Boy don't get one planted in your chest
Lol im scared
You should be
This decision was given effect the following month and he moved in with his father on December 22 2011. In mid-February 2012 Trayvon Martin was again suspended (until the 29th), after being bust at school with a marijuana pipe and a baggie with marijuana residue in it. On Tuesday February 21 2012 he was sent by bus to Orlando to stay with Brandy Green and her son Chad in the Retreat at Twin Lakes. He took marijuana with him, which he smuggled on his person.
Thus, although the Martin family's initial testimony about Trayvon's good character had done much to generate public sympathy for their cause, a huge amount of evidence subsequently emerged painting a very different picture. Significantly, the prosecution fought to exclude from trial any reference to Trayvon Martin's school records, his suspensions, marijuana use, involvement in fights, among other things, as this would all "prejudice the jury" against him.
When Martin's family members testified at trial prosecutors were careful not to speak positively about Trayvon as this would have allowed the defence to unleash a flood of evidence in rebuttal. The prosecution also argued against the presentation to the jury of the post-mortem toxicology report which showed that Martin had some traces of THC and its metabolite in his blood after the shooting. (Although the judge ruled in favour of the defence, and permitted the introduction of this evidence, they eventually chose not to present it.)...
08-15-2013, 09:26 AM
These changes in the US probably contribute to some new statistics cited on O'Reilly last night, showing only 22% of Americans satisfied with how things are going in the US. Kirsten Powell stated that the economy was to blame. O'Reilly contended that more than the economy was causing the discontent, but cited the direction of the country.
I believe thinking people see attempts to ramrod Zimmerman, the "workplace violence" at Ft Hood plus so many examples of the craziness in our country and are indeed discontented.
I'm hoping that a large enough percentage of the population get totally fed up with all the PC bullshit to finally take a stand. Maybe something as stupid as Oprah whining about not being able to view on her time table the $38k purse wakes people up to the current insanity.
" To the world you are just one more person, but to a rescued pet, you are the world."
"A Nation of Sheep Breeds a Government of Wolves!"
08-15-2013, 11:07 AM
This ranks up there with the treatment of Joe the Plumber. After his incident with Obama, the MSM spent countless hours vetting him out because he dared to challenge their potential messiah instead of vetting Obama out. In this case, all the attention is turned to Zimmerman's alleged racism and not one iota was paid to Martin's passed behavior. In fact, they went out of their way to portray him as a sweet, innocent little tween boy instead of the gangsta wannabe that he really was.The Obama Administration: Deny. Deflect. Blame.
08-15-2013, 11:47 AM
- Join Date
- Mar 2010
Lawrence O'Donnell has yet to apologize for lying about the 911 audio, claiming that Zimmerman called Martin a neger, and all the other lies he told.
Who is holding these "journalists" accountable for the fact that they lied about Zimmerman, manipulated information and public opinion, pandered to race baiters, and then refused to accept the verdict?
08-15-2013, 03:44 PM
- Join Date
- Jun 2008
Don't look now but Benjamin Crump is at it again:
From the Orlando Sentinel
...More than 100 people gathered at the Greater Union First Baptist Church in DeLand on Tuesday to voice their support for a petition. That petition is one that's demanding the state attorney's office charge the former officer who killed Marlon Brown, and they want those charges brought by the end of September.
Attorney Benjamin Crump joined the packed church, demanding criminal charges against James Harris, who has since been fired from the Deland Police Department.
"There's a videotape, so we will get to see that video tape eventually," Crump said. "We think the video tape will tell us what happened that night."
The dash cam video from Harris' patrol car, along with radio transmissions and all evidence gathered by the Florida Department of Law Enforcement in their two month investigation, has been handed over to the state attorney's office for review....
Here's the original article:
...Marlon Brown was killed in the incident, which occurred on May 8 after law enforcement officers tried to pull him over for not wearing a seat belt. Investigators say Brown wouldn't stop and a chase ensued with DeLand police joining. Brown jumped out of his car and ran away, troopers said.
As Harris arrived on scene, he drove more than 100 feet off the road through a backyard fence and ran over and killed Brown, troopers said. Four other passengers in Brown's vehicle were not injured.
"Although the investigation into the death of Marlon Brown hasn’t been concluded, I am aware of certain facts surrounding the case," Ridgeway said in a prepared statement. "Based on the totality of the circumstances and facts that I continually learned through the process of the investigation, I have now reached a threshold of knowledge where I feel compelled to take immediate action."
It's not known why Brown fled police, but troopers said he was driving with a suspended license.
Florida Highway Patrol is still investigating the traffic accident....
Edited to add: In the comments section of the article:
• 3 months ago
Local 6 is not coming completely clean once again...Marlon Brown had an extensive arrest record and was in violation of his parole when he ran.
|« Previous Thread | Next Thread »| | <urn:uuid:f61156fc-afcf-473f-a0c2-d6bb1e1ddd20> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.conservativeunderground.com/forum505/showthread.php?57644-The-hunting-of-George-Zimmerman&p=572842&viewfull=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280730.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00254-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.981871 | 3,429 | 1.507813 | 2 |
PHOENIX, Arizona, September 20. ONE million kids have learned how to swim through USA Swimming’s Make a Splash program since it started in 2008.
The organization announced that the one millionth member signed up for a learn-to-swim program, of which there are more than 400 across the country. According to the USA Swimming Foundation and the Centers for Disease Control, more than 3,000 people die from drowning each year, and that African-American children are three times as likely to drown than white children.
Watch today’s episode of Streamlined News! | <urn:uuid:fac9c78c-313a-4247-a96a-58cb4e1bd98e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.swimmingworldmagazine.com/news/streamlined-news-20/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00451-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973735 | 123 | 2.625 | 3 |
But nor could the readers at Breitbart do much better. Most commonly they defined conservatism by offering up some version of classical liberalism: individual liberty, constrained federal government, free enterprise.
I left a comment of my own:
Conservatism is not really about not wanting to take risks. It is wanting to conserve the things that are undermined by a liberal ideology. Liberalism begins with the idea that there is nothing of meaning or value existing as part of reality outside the individual. Therefore, what matters is the individual self-defining or self-determining his own meaning and value (the meaning is in the act of choosing, the "agency", rather than in what is actually chosen). Morality in this view is accepting the right of others to do the same thing (hence the moral focus on tolerance, non-discrimination, etc.) For liberals, things that are predetermined, and can't be self-determined, limit human freedom and should be made not to matter. This includes what liberals call "gender" (the social expression of our biological sex) and race/ethny.
Conservatives seek to connect man to the things of meaning and value that transcend him (the goodness of which exist objectively independent of his will). These include aspects of character and virtue; manhood and womanhood; family (including the fulfilment of offices such as fatherhood/motherhood/husband/wife); nature (man's connection to); nation (love of and loyalty toward); a moral code; a church tradition; art and culture that inspires men toward the higher things; and a continuity between generations past, present and future.
I thought afterwards that there was another angle to all this. If you don't believe that there is anything there, only what you put there, then this explains the longstanding liberal tendency to begin with the blank slate individual.
In other words, liberals like to assume as a model that we begin with nothing and then we make of ourselves something according to our own free will and choices. It is a model which works at two levels. At the individual level it is the model of the self-made man. It is assumed that we make something of ourselves at a public level through our careers, or perhaps through sporting or artistic achievements.
This helps to explain why liberals are so morally focused on the idea of equal opportunity in terms of careers, sports and the arts, even at the extreme level of wanting women to be able to advance in the career of a combat soldier. A conservative would be more focused on the transgressive nature of such a step, of its disruption to a healthy relationship between the masculine and feminine, of it not being a fulfilment of womanhood. But these things are simply not "there" for a liberal mind, they are false social constructs without value; what the liberal mind perceives is the chance for a woman to make herself according to her choices, it is this freedom that brings meaning.
(Remember, too, that if you think of people as essentially "choice makers" then the fact of being a woman is hardly relevant - the category itself won't seem that significant in human life, except as a potential factor in having an unequal chance to be self-made. A liberal won't think in terms of "man" and "woman" the way that conservatives do.)
It should be said that this focus on being self-made does potentially give a kind of dynamism to liberal individuals. They won't be content until they have made it professionally in some respect. Conservatives get a sense of meaning from other things, and this can potentially make us less socially ambitious and therefore leave us in a weaker position to influence society. It's something within the conservative mind we might have to acknowledge and overcome.
Even certain aspects of popular culture, such as tattoos, might be linked to liberal assumptions about the human person. If there is nothing meaningful given to us, but only what we ourselves make of ourselves, then perhaps the human body in its natural state isn't meaningful, but is merely a blank canvas, upon which we then make meaning, perhaps by drawing or writing things that express something about our lives or aspirations or personalities. Hence tattoos. It's different, though, if you think that our bodies already, in their given state, have a depth of meaning and express something deeply significant about who we are - if this is your starting point then tattoos can potentially be visually distracting - the surface meaning of the tattoo can distract from the more profound meaning of the body in its natural state.
The idea of things being a blank slate and being given meaning when the human will acts upon them also works at the level of society and the environment. It's noticeable, for instance, that political leaders are judged in a liberal society not for being good stewards or custodians of a certain valued tradition, but for having made changes - preferably changes along liberal lines ("reforms") but if not that, then any kind of changes. Perhaps part of the explanation for this is that liberals see the idea of people acting upon society and the environment as a good in itself - as being a meaning-making virtue.
Again, this does give liberal societies a certain kind of dynamism, even if it sometimes produces ugliness and excess. It makes for motion. The overall logic of liberal societies is ultimately a self-destructive one, but we should acknowledge and seek to match in our own way the dynamic aspect. | <urn:uuid:2c33be23-f93a-464c-8094-0df573309a9f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://ozconservative.blogspot.com/2016/01/trump-blank-slate-tattoos-and-more.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00190-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967729 | 1,101 | 1.726563 | 2 |
At a time when the Federal Reserve finds itself more deeply involved in banking oversight, a new report laments the lack of direct regulatory experience among its top officials.
The Conference of State Bank Supervisors study zeros in on the members of the Fed’s seven-member board of governors in Washington.
The paper’s authors observe these policymakers, both now and for some time, have been drawn primarily the ranks of academic economists. A few have had finance backgrounds, while fewer have had direct experience in the regulation of the financial industry. This contrasts with the Fed’s early decades, when most of the board members were drawn from the ranks of banking, finance and government. The transition over time is tracked in a colorful Excel chart (one could quibble with some of the classifications, given many board members had experience in more than one category): | <urn:uuid:2524f30a-03d2-49c0-b755-3a6d2d9eb5e8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://blogs.wsj.com/economics/2013/10/28/fed-governors-increasingly-have-academic-backgrounds/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00449-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971982 | 175 | 1.59375 | 2 |
The World Health Organization (WHO) said the confirmed third human death in China from the bird flu shows the danger of the undetected small-scale H5N1 virus epidemic. Chinese authorities are currently investigating the path of transmission that resulted in the death.
The Chinese Ministry of Health announced on December 29, that a 41 year-old female factory worker who had been infected by the H5N1 virus died in about two weeks, on December 21. Even so, there is as yet no confirmed bird flu outbreak in the woman's residential region. However, such a situation has happened in China before. One official from the Ministry's press office said, “We do not yet know the source of the woman's infection and the investigation is still ongoing.”
As of now, there have been seven confirmed bird flu infections in humans in China within the last two months, with three of them fatal. Thirty-one locations around the country have seen the bird flu outbreak, but not all of them experienced infections in humans.
Related Article: WHO Says China Still Not Sharing Bird Flu Samples | <urn:uuid:496f898a-5a55-4d18-8012-64e13e01849a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.theepochtimes.com/n3/1729886-china-confirms-another-human-bird-flu-death-who-warns-again/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00443-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972691 | 222 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Blastocystis infection in patients presenting with abdominal symptoms at Mbagathi District Hospital and Mama Lucy District Hospital
Background: Blastocystis spp. is the most common enteric parasite that has a global distribution with higher prevalence in developing countries. Kenya being one of the developing countries, there is need to have current epidemiological data regarding the parasite. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence and prevalence of Blastocystis infection in patients presenting with abdominal symptoms at the selected facilities.
Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study design was used to investigate the presence and association between Blastocystis spp. infection and profile of patients presenting with abdominal symptoms at Mbagathi and Mama Lucy Kibaki Hospitals in Nairobi. Stool samples from 249 patients were collected and analyzed at National Public Health Laboratory Services (NPHLS) for presence of Blastocystis infection by wet mount direct microscopy, iodine staining and formal ether sample concentration technique.
Results: prevalence of Blastocystis infection was 12%, with a higher significance in males (53%) than females (47%) (X2 = 4.26, p=0.039, 95% C.I). There was no statistical significance (X2 = 3.36, p= 0.5, 95% C.I) in the distribution of Blastocystis infection by age group. The prevalence of Blastocystis infection was higher in patients of low-income level. No association between eatery and the infection was found (r=-0.194, n=38 and p=0.242, 95% C.I).
Conclusion: The study revealed the presence of Blastocystis infection in the study population and a significant association between gender, symptoms and the infection. Further studies; molecular assays should be employed in generating epidemiological data on the subtypes and clinical significance of this infection. | <urn:uuid:72444927-be84-407a-a96a-3089f78d88e3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ajol.info/index.php/eamj/article/view/192095 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.930814 | 394 | 2.390625 | 2 |
(CNN) -- Change was being effected in the nation's black communities long before the word took center stage in the last presidential election.
Calvin Mackie, shown here speaking to students, says leadership comes from within.
Across the country, countless people have worked tirelessly in their neighborhoods, churches, schools and communities to improve the lives of those around them.
The election of President Obama not only galvanized many to get involved, but it also further invigorated those already in the trenches.
By transforming his activism as a community organizer into a career as a superstar politician and ultimately commander-in-chief, Obama energized grassroots workers and imbued them with a sense of validation.
"After the election, I was completely jazzed and charged," said LaDonna Redmond, who is working to open Graffiti and Grub, a community-owned grocery store with affordable sustainable food on the west side of Chicago. "Even in this economic downturn I was like 'We are opening our grocery store, I don't need a bank [to provide funding].' "
Leadership is a vital concept in the African-American community and has shaped its history.
Redmond, like many leaders, was influenced by her passion to right what she viewed as a wrong.
The seed for her nonprofit Institute for Community Resource Development sprouted more than a decade ago after she came up empty in her quest to find healthy, unprocessed foods in her community to feed her allergic son.
The safest way to supply her toddler with food, she decided, was to grow her own. iReport: Tell us about your urban farm
Since then, her nonprofit organization has converted vacant lots into urban farmland, distributed food at farmer's markets and co-founded the Chicago Food Systems Collaboration, which examines food access in the city.
Redmond said Michelle Obama's planting of an urban garden at the White House helped solidify for her that she was on the right track.
"I was thinking my little lots were not that big of a deal and not only is it a big deal, but Mrs. Obama dug a backyard garden for the whole world to see," Redmond said.
"It's not that I thought that my issue was little, but I didn't think that what I was talking about would resonate so many years later with so many people."
Taking a leadership role is a personal responsibility, said Richard Lewis, one of the architects of the Colorado Black Chamber of Commerce Foundation's Chamber Connect program, which began two years ago "to identify, harvest and grow future leadership."
Lewis said he believes leadership comes about when desire meets hard work and a determination to succeed.
"People are waiting to be anointed," Lewis said. "They are waiting for somebody to empower them when really, if you see a problem and feel impassioned and believe you can contribute an answer, then you need to step up."
Colorado boasts a small African-American community and Lewis wanted to see black businesspeople in Denver plugged in so they could not only help each other, but also give back.
Lewis said he is aware of the pressure in the black community, often directed at political leaders and elected officials, to become an almost messianic leader who will "deliver" and solve all of the community's problems.
It is too large a mantle to try and thrust upon the shoulders of any one person, he said.
"I agree that our political leaders have a responsibility," Lewis said. "They are elected officials sent to work the process on our behalf, but not in our absence. We need to support them and be involved."
Princella Smith is one who is answering the charge for political advocacy.
An emerging young voice in the Republican Party, the 25-year-old Arkansas native is director of communications for Louisiana Rep. Anh "Joseph" Cao and previously served as a national spokesperson for Newt Gingrich's American Solutions For Winning the Future organization.
Smith said she feels no pressure to stand as a spokesperson for women or African-Americans in her party, especially given that she believes black Republicans are painted with a broad brush.
"We are not all the same," said Smith, who added that she is nevertheless thankful that so many have looked to her as a result of her work. "Just like there are different types of Democrats, there are different types of Republicans."
Leaders are made, not born, Smith said, and she views her role as one who was asked to participate and took the opportunity to become involved in something in which she believes.
While she may sit across the political table from him, Smith said President Obama showed strong leadership in getting elected.
"He did a very good job of reaching nontraditional political audiences, people who had never ever voted before," Smith said. "I think that is something that anybody can be proud of in this country."
Walter Earl Fluker, Ph.D, executive director of The Leadership Center at Morehouse College in Atlanta, Georgia, has borne witness to that pride.
Fluker recently traveled to South Africa with a group of Morehouse students who have been studying ethical leadership within the context of developing democracies with a special emphasis on HIV/AIDS and poverty.
The author of "Ethical Leadership: The Quest for Character, Civility and Community," Fluker said he believes the president has set a "sterling example of what's possible" for the youth.
"I think that his election and his popularity right now has really given community based leadership a very positive lift," he said. "Many of the young people with whom I work are very interested in how they can go back and work as agents of change and transformation at grassroots levels."
Morehouse alumnus Calvin Mackie, Ph.D. can relate.
After entering the historically black college as a remedial reading student with a thick Louisiana accent, Mackie is today a successful businessman, author and lecturer.
He also chairs the Louisiana Council on the Social Status of Black Men and Boys, a statewide commission formed to aid the development of policy to better the lives of black males and families.
Leadership, Mackie said, is a way of being and he points to a quote by former President John Quincy Adams, "If your actions inspire others to dream more, learn more, do more and become more, you are a leader" as a guiding principal.
It is a mind-set that is not always easy to achieve, Mackie said.
"First and foremost, you have to believe that about yourself," Mackie said. "You have to dream, you have to be a scholar, you have to be a doer, and you have to want to become more."
Mackie spreads that message of becoming a light and said he, too, has had to learn.
After becoming frustrated with the pace of recovery in his beloved New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina, Mackie said he had decided to relocate.
A chance meeting with an airport worker whose son was a fan had a profound effect on him, he said. The woman asked him why, with all he had achieved, was he still living in New Orleans and Mackie left mulling her question.
"I went back and I found her at the airport," Mackie recalled. "I told her 'You asked me a question and I didn't answer.' I said 'I'm here because of your son, because he needs to know that people like me exist, he can touch me and know that I am not something special and he can do whatever he wants to do in life.' "
He then returned home and took down the for sale sign. | <urn:uuid:fd08affb-9cc6-4504-8ab1-d8a969ba629c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://edition.cnn.com/2009/LIVING/06/02/bia.emerging.black.leaders/index.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00517-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.985944 | 1,569 | 2.234375 | 2 |
Last month another high-ranking member of Buenos Aires city government left their post because of differences with Jorge Telerman, the mayor.
Por Hugo Passarello Luna
Marcelo Vensentini was the minister of environment until 19th April. Vensentini left his post because of Telerman’s recent alliance with Elisa Carrió, ARI’s presidential candidate in opposition to Kirchner’s government. Vensentini, a Kirchnerist, left the government three weeks after the alliance was agreed. The day after Vensentini’s departure, Telerman named Javier Maria Garcia Elorrio (director of the ‘Tres de Febrero’ park) to take charge of the ministry’s projects. Just as quickly, he then replaced Garcia Elorrio for Juan Manuel Velasco, a close collaborator of Carrió. With peculiar formality, the short-lived management of Garcia Elorrio, exactly one day, was acknowledged by Telerman’s speaker. At least protocol has continuity.
This is not the first case of a minister leaving the current city’s government. On 11th April the minister of public space, Lia Maria, renounced to her position for the same reason. Nobody has been named yet to take the place of Lia Maria. The city has had a headless ministry for the past two weeks. Journalist Ernesto Tenembaum described this as a ‘bleeding’ of Telerman’s government.
Tenembaum’s description could not be more accurate. Two months before the elections, the city’s government is slowly disappearing, being diluted in the electoral race. This is not new in Argentine politics but it has become increasingly common nationwide, having few executive members that remain in their position long enough to make a difference.
This lack of continuity heavily affects Argentina’s image to the world and to the day-to-day life of Argentine citizens. For example, the fire at the Cromañon nightclub in December 2004 demonstrates this instability. Aníbal Ibarra, then Buenos Aires city mayor, became one of the central targets of the victims’ family and was eventually impeached. The months leading up to and after the trial almost stopped the government’s machinery. No significant decisions were made during that period. In March last year Ibarra was removed from office and Telerman, previously deputy mayor, took over.
When Telerman got into office high ranking staff changed dramatically. The first two ministers (health and public work) left the office in June 2006. In November of the same year, the minister of economy was dismissed by Telerman.
This constant turnover of staff in key roles, more than providing ‘fresh air’ to the administration, represents a series of obstacles harmful to society. All ideas, visions and projects are put aside. Some are shelved and others are left half done. Some projects are completed, though taking more time and resources than needed. This is the case of the ‘Parque de la Memoria’, a park on the costal fringe of the Río de la Plata, in memory of the victims of the 1976-83 dictatorship. The project started in 1999 and is still far from done. Last year, the commission in charge of this project claimed that the sudden removal of Ibarra had slowed down the progress. In mid April of this year, a similar justification was given for the sluggish advancement, but this time it was the election and the uncertainty brought by it. We can see the same result in other areas of the city: recycling plans, flooding issues, traffic problems and so on.
Of course elections also have a positive result, besides being a celebration of democracy. They quickly develop ‘visible’ projects such as street pavement, monument and plazas improvement, and changes for waste management in some areas of the city. However, such hastiness has its downfalls. Calle Manuel Ugarte between Av. Del Libertador and 3 de Febrero was recently paved. Parked cars were left on the street because neighbours were not warned. As a result, the asphalt was only laid on the middle of the road. Not an ideal job, admittedly, but it’s time for elections, not for perfection.
Most newly elected governments spend a great deal of time and effort criticising their predecessors and starting from scratch. Hopefully the next administration will use its energy to start new projects, tweak the ones not working and continue the ones going well. Even a questionable administration might have done something good. As Bartolomé Mitre said: “We have to take the country as God and men made it.” | <urn:uuid:d3a5ace7-8783-45ef-af1e-8079841e51e0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.argentinaelections.com/2007/05/continuity-and-argentine-politics/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.963486 | 980 | 1.5 | 2 |
Do you remember Rubik’s cube, that frustrating “toy” of the 1980s? The idea was to move the sides around, then restore them to their originalcolors in as few moves as possible. For most people, of course, that restoration proved impossible, and the cube moldered in a closet until being thrown out.
But it’s inspired a pair of graduate students from Northeastern University in Boston. They programmed a supercomputer to discover just how few moves could be used to return the cube to its pristine state. They presented their solution at the International Symposium on Symbolic and Algebraic Computation in Waterloo, Ontario.
The previous best has been 27 moves, but after 63 hours of number crunching, the supercomputer arrived at a solution that, quite literally, went one better – that it can be solved in no more than 26 moves.
Students Daniel Kunkle and Gene Cooperman approached the idea with some creative thinking, which was necessary as the 43 billion billion possible positions of the cube was too massive even for the computer. So they used a two-stage solution.
First they programmed the supercomputer to reach one of 15,000 half-solved solutions, which could then be closed in a few moves. Their results indicated that the puzzle could be solved in a maximum of 29 moves,but in most cases 26 moves or less.
From there they decided to focus on the small number of configurations that would require more than 26 moves to reach a solution. Since there were so few of these, it was possible to use the supercomputer to figure out the answer. Perhaps surprisingly, the computer could solve them all in fewer than 26 moves.
So what’s the point of all this? It brings mankind closer to the so-called “God’s number,” the minimum number of moves necessary to solve any Rubik’s cube. The name comes from the fact that God would only need the minimum number of moves, which theorists feel is in the low 20s.
How Many Moves to Solve Rubik’s Cube? | <urn:uuid:8d82ba74-485f-4b7b-88fe-f3bc714429f3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/how-many-moves-to-solve-rubiks-cube/?dtc_action=downvote_comment&comment_id=113778&_wpnonce=c1ed93d952 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00038-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971055 | 437 | 4.0625 | 4 |
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Alternatively, most web browsers allow some control of most cookies through the browser settings. To find out more about cookies, including how to see what cookies have been set, visit www.aboutcookies.org or www.allaboutcookies.org.
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To opt out of being tracked by Google Analytics across all websites, visit http://tools.google.com/dlpage/gaoptout. | <urn:uuid:b60b13d8-4bfa-4314-a79b-370edaccf64d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.excel.london/cookies | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00278.warc.gz | en | 0.849911 | 518 | 2.109375 | 2 |
The U.S. Education System Is Not Failing
By Steve Berlin, Senior Communications Manager of the National Association of State Boards of Education (NASBE)
The American education system — inasmuch as it's actually a system — is not failing. For readers stunned by a phrase not often seen in print these days, I repeat: The U.S. education system is not failing. I know that's not a popular position these days, but it is the right one. There are indeed problems that need addressing, but there is significant cognitive dissonance in how the public views K-12 education.
So, why do I say our schools as a whole are succeeding? Well, why not start with what is meant by "failing?" The term is a relic that defines education policy and growth as all-or-nothing propositions. It can be easily traced to 1983's A Nation at Risk, which made "failing schools" a part of the American vernacular. But it was truly burned into headlines and our collective consciousness with the 2001 iteration of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, better known as No Child Left Behind — a law that uses all stick and no carrot as inducements for improvement, usually with the "failing" schools and districts that were struggling in the first place.
Worse, NCLB pointed to 2014 as the deadline for 100 percent proficiency. If schools, districts and states can't meet that deadline, well, they have failed. Doesn't matter that people are working hard to draft new policies and legislation, and devising new and improved means of integrating technology into curricula, or that greater instructional rigor than ever before is being demanded of our teachers. It's all-or-nothing.
We constantly hear that our schools, nationally, are failing, but in this year's PDK/Gallup Poll of the Public's Attitudes Toward the Public Schools, only 7 percent of respondents agree. More telling, however, is that only 4 percent of that same group think their own local schools are failing and a combined 48 percent think their local schools rate grades of 'A' or 'B.' So the system is failing, but their schools are OK. Hmm.
There are, however, metrics that are often used to illustrate how awful American schools are. PISA scores are quite popular in that regard. For instance, students in Finland, South Korea, Singapore, and in one city in China do better on these exams than their U.S. counterparts. After all, what better way to show how bad our schools are, and how inept our students, than comparing them to actual top-down education systems in ethnically homogenous countries (and city) with populations a fraction of the United States'? Which is, again, not to say we should neither see nor expect improvements in student performance. We should, and I think we do. So who's to blame for our perceived failure?
Teachers and teachers' unions are popular punching bags for our assumed mediocrity. Why not? It's easy to blame public servants — who spend almost as much time with students during the school year as their parents and whose salaries are paid for with tax monies — for the lack of students' progress.
Again, it's true that not every teacher is great, or even good. But most are good at what they do and work hard to improve all the time. I never really understood how hard that job was until I bombed while trying to convince high school juniors that American history is important and that they should be ready to write original papers if they planned to go to college.
Those who are quick to blame teachers and their supposedly inflated salaries use the familiar refrain that more money does not make for better results. Perhaps, but if they think there are so few high-quality instructors, what makes them think cutting their pay and making them public scapegoats will make the profession that much more attractive to the next generation?
More interesting, for the third straight year the PDK poll reports that 71 percent of Americans believe that public school teachers are worthy of their trust and confidence. Hmm. Must be all the other kids' teachers who stink.
It is rarely mentioned that teachers and unions are just one piece of the educational puzzle. We seldom hear at large that safe and healthy school environments are critical to student success; that safe and healthy students are important to this formula; that sound parenting is a must; that technology alone will not solve any problems.
The discussion here is larger than that. If you read EdWeek, it follows that you care about education. To you I ask, "Who's controlling the tone of the debate about public education?"
I will never say that we in the broader education community — from state board members to educators to custodians — should not aspire to greater academic success for our students. Indeed, we must. But I will not say that we are failing. And we should not let anyone who says so get away unchallenged, either.
Views expressed in this post are strictly those of the author and do not reflect the endorsement of the Learning First Alliance or any of its members. | <urn:uuid:c3cf2741-e25f-4ba8-a73e-606b51a73a07> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/transforming_learning/2012/11/the_us_education_system_is_not_failing.html?cmp=ENL-CM-MOSTPOP | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00472-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.97584 | 1,049 | 2.125 | 2 |
While the list of potential rosacea triggers in various individuals may be endless, a survey of 1,066 rosacea patients found that the most common factors included the following:
|Certain skin-care products||41%|
What may cause a reaction in one patient may not in another. Patients are encouraged to keep a diary of daily activities or events and relate them to any flare-ups they may experience. A free rosacea diary booklet is available here. | <urn:uuid:09d0580f-4283-4b4b-b1e8-2a4bbaf68bd7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.rosacea.org/patients/rosacea-triggers/rosacea-triggers-survey | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.70997 | 276 | 1.84375 | 2 |
The Increase Discipleship Handbook is a 10-Chapter, 70-page study that examines some of the most important topics encompassing what it looks like to be a disciple of Jesus.
In this study you'll take a closer look at a range of topics including:
- A High View of God
- Being Made in God's Image
- Knowing The Heart of God
- The Problem with Sin
- The Gospel of God's Grace
- New Identity of The Increase
- New Life of a Believer
- The Great Commandment
- Being Refined Through Trials
- Making Disciples
In addition to the written content, each chapter contains various exercises that we hope you will take the time to engage with.
Intended to help you become more familiar with your Bible and looking up verses, each chapter contains at least one 'Pause' moment that will encourage you to find a verse and fill in the blanks.
Throughout each chapter, you will find 'Reflection Questions' that will aid in helping you truly digest the content as you go. If you are going through this book alone, we hope you will take time to sincerely reflect and write down your answers to each question. This is also a powerful resource to go through with others and we hope these questions will draw out fruitful discussion.
At the end of each chapter, you'll find a 'Deeper Dive' section that will present a variety of verses on the most prominent topic (or topics) of each chapter. This will help you see each topic from multiple angles and to glean even more insight from God’s Word on them. | <urn:uuid:6fcd1062-c1df-4f24-806c-6e2bcf84076a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theincrease.com/products/digital-discipleship-handbook | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00068.warc.gz | en | 0.932465 | 329 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Why don't we see electric cars everywhere?
12.02.13 - Electric and other alternative cars only make up a mere 2,6% of sales in Switzerland.
According to various polls, Swiss consumers are interested -- but hardly ever to the point of actually buying an electric vehicle. Michaël Themans, director of the EPFL Transportation Center, and Pascal Feillard, head of prospective marketing for PSA Peugeot Citroën, tried to figure out why during a "Science! on tourne" meeting (in French) on February 27th, 12:15, Klee cafeteria at the Rolex Learning Center.
EPFL's central Library prepared a useful bibliography on the topic.
Video of the meeting | <urn:uuid:683dc83c-5926-4efd-8957-4485f3684704> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://actu.epfl.ch/news/why-don-t-we-see-electric-cars-everywhere/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00429-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.922862 | 151 | 2.015625 | 2 |
In the 1980s Medellin, Colombia was considered one of the most dangerous cities in Latin America. Pablo Escobar ran his drug cartel from this location and made millions of dollars yearly from drug trade and other illegal activities. Even though the cartel was responsible for thousands of deaths, Pablo Escobar remains a popular figure among the country’s poorest citizens.
Medellin is also home to Jhon Jairo Velásquez Vásquez. This man was Pablo Escobar’s personal friend and trusted assassin. He boasts of having killed over 250 people on his own and more than 50,000 as part of the organization. He describes himself as a professional murderer who is also an expert in terrorism, kidnapping, and other crimes. Velasquez admits that killing is easy for him to the point that if Pablo Escobar had ever asked him to murder his own father, he would have done it.
Velasquez was released from prison after spending 22 years paying for his crimes. While there, he wrote two books. His first book describes his adventures as Pablo Escobar’s hit man and the second book explores his experiences behind bars.
Velasquez, now a political activist, admits that he doesn’t have security guards because the police won’t allow it. But he is quick to declare that he is not afraid of being killed because he is in God’s hands, plus he has powerful friends looking out for him.
One of the events that triggered the brutal war between the drug cartel and the police was their complete rejection of Article 35 in the Constitution that allowed Colombian drug traffickers to be extradited to the United States. Pablo Escobar stated that he preferred to have a grave in Colombia than a prison cell in the US. And so the organization began killing and kidnapping high-ranking political figures, journalists, magistrates, and police in order to put pressure on lawmakers so that Colombians would no longer be extradited.
“When you’re an assassin, your soul dies. That’s why we don’t cry.” Velasquez explains as he candidly talks about the lives he took willingly. He shows no remorse or regret. His shooting arm is entirely tattooed with skulls. He calls it the arm of death— of the Devil. His left arm has tattoos of Jesus. He says this arm represents life.
The big question is, why is this killer being treated as a superstar? | <urn:uuid:44d2bf25-5ae1-4c6f-8de6-b59561f4e985> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.alldocumentaries.net/documentary/escobars-hitman/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.979593 | 506 | 1.828125 | 2 |
Infectious Agents Review
In this activity, you will match the infectious agent with its description.
You'll be introduced to respiratory terms.
Identify these skeletal system terms by their definition!
You'll review and learn biology HSA terms.
Intro to Respiratory Terminology 68C
Figure out the bones of the Axial Skeleton
Spin to Win Endocrine System
A quiz about the symptoms and effects of syphilis
Respiratory Bingo: Terms related to breathing, lungs, oxygen and much more! | <urn:uuid:0cbbbdc3-4b57-4ef7-8cb3-0df53f97cfd9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dev.wisc-online.com/arcade/games/natural-science/life-science?gameTypes=MATCHING_SQUIDHUNT_SPINWIN_BINGO | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00667.warc.gz | en | 0.801026 | 155 | 3.0625 | 3 |
Reprinted with permission from Pantheon Books, a Knopf Doubleday Imprint, a division of Random House, Inc.
William Henry Cosby occupies a permanent place in the American Pantheon.
Still, in the Pantheon of stereotypes, culprits are more colorful.
To a degree, whether they catch on or not and assume their place in the Pantheon of core fast-food products is almost irrelevant.
In the Pantheon of martial artists, high on the list are Bruce Lee, Jackie Chan, and Chuck Norris.
Their religion is animistic, and their Pantheon includes eighty-four gods.
One of these was the Pantheon, a temple which was afterward a Christian church.
This ground-plan (Fig. 62) shows that the Pantheon is circular with a porch.
The Pantheon is the finest example of a domed hall which we have left.
His patron is Shamash, the sun-god, and in popular tradition he becomes a member of the Pantheon of the nether world.
c.1300, from Pantheon, name of a temple for all the gods built in Rome c.25 B.C.E. by Agrippa (since 609 C.E. made into the Christian church of Santa Maria Rotonda), from Greek Pantheion (hieron) "(shrine) of all the gods," from pantheion, neuter of pantheios, from pan- "all" (see pan-) + theios "of or for the gods," from theos "god" (see Thea). Sense of any group of exalted persons is first found 1590s. | <urn:uuid:592249e9-d891-4595-83de-7794b0bf64eb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.dictionary.com/browse/pantheon | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281424.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00332-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940023 | 344 | 2.140625 | 2 |
By Darrell Todd Maurina
When a missionary to the Islamic world told Pastor Rob Hollis of First Baptist Church of Texico that he’d be available to speak, the church jumped at the chance to offer a presentation on Islam to the community.
On Sunday, David Witt of the Voice of the Martyrs organization, a ministry that a number of church members have supported for years, will lead seminars at 9 and 10:15 a.m. at the church.
“Because we don’t know enough about the Muslim religion and the movement and the focus of Islam, and he is a keynote speaker in the United States in this area and has contributed to a lot of enlightenment among Christian people, I did contact him,” Hollis said. “Christians all over the world are being persecuted by Muslims.”
While attacks on Christians by Muslims in nations such as Sudan and Indonesia have received the most media attention, Hollis said the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks caused many in his church to believe Islamic terrorism wasn’t limited to foreign Christians but also could be a threat to America.
“I think it heightened the awareness of all Christians — I hope it did,” Hollis said. “If it didn’t, then this would be part of the reason for bringing David in. For those who don’t understand really the backing, the focus, and the intent of 9-11, of course it will shed some light on that.”
Glenn Keim, an elder at the church, said that attack was what caused him to start studying Islam.
“It’s very interesting when this 9-11 happened, the primary motivating factor for these men who flew the planes into the Twin Towers was they would have 70 virgins at their disposal and their pleasure eternally,” Keim said. “It struck me as very odd that their God would entice them to commit acts of violence and murder, warfare, with a promise of immoral reward. The disparity of that between what we are promised as Christians, being in the presence of God himself, it couldn’t be more different.”
Keim said several members of First Baptist Church have served in a predominantly Islamic nation as missionaries, and one of his relatives has served in an Islamic nation.
“It is perceived by many Christians who don’t understand what Islam is about that it is a religion of peace,” Hollis said. “Quite the contrary. (My relative) found that to be not only verbally communicated to him but physically. He watched the degradation of humanity at the hands of the Muslims because of a difference in religious preference — physical beatings of Christians and anyone who would reject the Muslim faith.”
Hollis said even when physical persecution isn’t present, economic discrimination against non-Muslims exists.
“You are treated as a second-class citizen or worse,” Hollis said.
“We have a really very tolerant society, and when (our members) learn about the religious persecution that takes place, sometimes it’s one thing to hear about it on the news or read about it in the paper, but it’s entirely different if you experience it yourself or have someone you know personally relate it to you,” Keim said. “I think we in America, in most instances, see life through rose-colored glasses and don’t understand the harshness and the realities of what the cultures of Islamic countries can impose on other individuals they do not recognize.”
Keim said the number one challenge for American Christians in reaching the Muslim world is ignorance.
“We just don’t know, and we need to become educated,” Keim said.
“There’s still a persecuted church out there that are our brothers and sisters in Christ because we are true followers of Jesus Christ,” Hollis said. “For us to say that this does not affect me is an oxymoron because it does affect my family.”
Hollis said his church has been supporting Iraqi Christians through the Voice of the Martyrs ministry and wants to do what it can to present the gospel to Muslims.
“We don’t hate, we don’t want to cause strife, we don’t want to go to blows, and we don’t want to sit and just have rhetoric for no purpose, but there is a truth, and unless that truth is received by faith in the person of Jesus Christ there is ultimate condemnation,” Hollis said.
• • •
Who: David Witt — Voice of the Martyrs
Time: 9 a.m. and 10:15 a.m.
Place: First Baptist Church of Texico | <urn:uuid:dadc0799-c044-4d29-853b-d36524eded71> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.cnjonline.com/2004/02/26/questioning-islam/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721555.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00179-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971784 | 1,004 | 1.515625 | 2 |
To study the efficacy of standard hepatitis B (HB) vaccination in methadone-maintained former intravenous drug users.
HB vaccine was administercd to subjects at 0,1 and 6 months.
Two university-affiliated methadone maintenance clinics.
Forty-three HB-unexposed former heroin addicts in methadone maintenance treatment for heroin addiction.
HB surface antibody (anti-HBs) response to the vaccine was assessed at 0,1,6 and >= 12 months ; anti-HIV-1 status was also assessed.
Thirty-seven patients (86%) completed the 6-month vaccination series.
Of the 30 anti-HIV-1 scronegative patients who then completed the entire 12-month protocol, 21 (70%) seroconverted (anti-HBs ratio>2.1) and 19 (63%) were protected (anti-HBs ratio>10).
One was HB-protected at 12 months but later lost immunity.
Ten anti-hepatitis C antibody-positive patients completed the 12-month study and six were protected ; thus, there was no significant relationship between hepatitis C status and HB vaccine respouse.
Standard HB vaccination is both feasible and effective.
Mots-clés Pascal : Toxicomanie, Héroïne, Prévention, Hépatite virale B, Virose, Infection, Vaccination, Homme, Appareil digestif pathologie, Foie pathologie
Mots-clés Pascal anglais : Drug addiction, Heroin, Prevention, Viral hepatitis B, Viral disease, Infection, Vaccination, Human, Digestive diseases, Hepatic disease
Notice produite par :
Inist-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique
Cote : 99-0308334
Code Inist : 002B30A03B. Création : 16/11/1999. | <urn:uuid:8f4f2209-b29a-4b1b-aa41-e2afaf622f3c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bdsp.ehesp.fr/Base/190275/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00430-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.802441 | 409 | 1.695313 | 2 |
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