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Corporations, hospitals and communities have expanded fitness and wellness programs as a result of published data which indicates their fitness and health programs have provided cost-savings in medical expenses and employee absenteeism, as well as a healthier employee population. This corporate wellness expansion has lead to the need for corporate fitness professionals.
Three areas of major emphasis are available:
1. Corporate Fitness
A graduate in corporate fitness is prepared to function as an exercise leader and specialist, wellness instructor, fitness specialist or personal trainer in a hospital, private, corporate or nonprofit agency.
What can you do with a degree in Corporate Fitness?
Some career opportunities for those with a Corporate Fitness emphasis include:
- Personal trainer: These individuals prescribe exercise routines and guide apparently healthy individuals according to the client goals. They also may be involved with helping individuals achieve specific outcomes regarding weight maintenance and fitness performance. Generally this individual will obtain certification upon graduation through the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) as a Health Fitness Specialist.
- Strength and Conditioning Specialists: These individuals work with specific sport teams often at the high school and college level or professionals. The sport conditioning specialist designs specific programs instructs and council’s athletes in effective sport performance. Generally this individual will obtain certification as a Certified Strength and Conditioning Specialist (CSCS) through the National Strength and Conditioning Association (NSCA) upon graduation.
- Corporate Fitness Specialist: Often employers will offer programs specifically to employees to increase productivity and employee morale and reduce healthcare costs and absenteeism. This individual will work with clients of the company to reach these goals to design fitness programs to enhance employee health. Over half of all large companies have some form of fitness programs.
- Community Health and Fitness: There are more and more communities involved with health promotion through exercise and fitness than ever before. These include a wide array of offerings from home schools fitness programs for children to adult programs and include also working with senior citizens. This may involve fitness assessments; diet and weight control programs, and also research with local hospitals. This individual would likely seek certification as a personal trainer through the American Council on Exercise (ACE), ACSM, or NSCA.
- Fitness Center Manager/Owner Operator: The basis of the corporate fitness degree has several classes related to management, accounting, and general business principles with the addition of fitness assessment and exercise prescription. These classes well prepare an individual with entrepreneurial interests or management.
- Sales/Marketing: Sport and exercise equipment hire these individuals for marketing and sales positions at many different levels from retail, wholesale, and online businesses.
2. Exercise Science
Exercise science is considered a broad degree that allows UCM graduates several career opportunities. Students in this major may choose to work with healthy clients or to work with injured or special populations in a clinical environment.
View the four-year plan for exercise science.
View the 2016-2017 academic advising sheet for exercise science.
Also interested in the Sport Nutrition minor, view the 2016-2017 Exercise Science with Sport Nutrition minor advising sheet.
What can you do with a degree in Exercise Science?
Some career opportunities for those with an Exercise Science emphasis include:
Working with the apparently healthy:
- Personal trainer: Personal trainers prescribe exercise routines and guide healthy individuals according to client goals. They also may help clients achieve specific outcomes regarding weight maintenance and fitness performance.
- Strength and Conditioning Specialist: Strength and conditioning specialists work with sport teams at the high school and college or professional level. The sport conditioning specialist designs and instructs tailored programs and councils athletes in effective sport performance practices.
- Corporate Fitness Specialist: Today employers offer programs for employees to increase productivity, morale and to reduce healthcare costs and absenteeism. This individual will work with company employees to reach these goals through fitness programs and to enhance overall employee health.
- Community Health and Fitness: More communities are involved with health promotion through exercise and fitness than ever before. These include a variety offerings from home school fitness programs for children, as well as adult and senior citizens programs. The community health field may involve fitness assessments, diet and weight control programs and research with local hospitals.
Careers working with clinical populations:
- Special Populations: Working with special populations usually involves clinical certification such as ACSM Certified Clinical Exercise Specialist or one of many other disease specific certifications such as cancer, pulmonary, diabetes education, after graduation.
- Cardiac Rehabilitation: Working in various phases of Cardiac Rehabilitation: These individuals typically work with patients rehabilitating from coronary revascularization, heart attack, or other diseases related to heart disease such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In addition to physical activity this usually involves lifestyle counseling.
- Exercise stress testing: This individual conducts stress tests (EKG) in private cardiology practices and hospitals.
- Diabetes education/Weight management: This individual works with specific populations often referred to programs by physicians.
3. Physical Education, K-12
A graduate of the physical education, K-12 program, will instill values of healthy lifestyles into the lives of children. Through the physical education teacher education program, students gain practical skill-sets associated with coursework that provides real-life experiences.
Physical education graduates from UCM have a placement rate of more than a 90 percent in public and private schools.
Program scholarships are available.
- William and Dorothy Brewster Scholarship
- Shelby and Marjorie Brightwell Scholarship
- Jessie B. Jutten Physical Education Scholarship
- Dr. Robert Tompkins Memorial Scholarship
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A team of researchers have developed a method to generate embryo models from murine stem cells, in the hope of providing new insights into the process of embryonic development.
No matter who you are, we all start off as a single fertilised egg cell. Firstly, the egg must divide into many omnipotent daughter cells. This means that they can differentiate into any cell type, which is required to form a fully functioning human being. After around three days, the fertilised egg is known as a blastocyst – a rapidly dividing ball of cells.
A blastocyst gives rise to three stem cell lineages – trophoblast stem cells (TSCs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and extraembryonic endoderm (XEN) stem cells. Usually, the generation of embryo models in the lab needs all three lineages. However, this is incredibly time-consuming as it requires complex stem cell cultures and all lineages must be kept separate.
Genetically modified embryonic stem cells
Clearly, there is a need for a more efficient method of generating embryo models. In an attempt to achieve this, a team from the University of Bonn generated an embryo-like complex, known as an embryoid, from mouse ESCs alone.
ESCs are pluripotent, rather than omnipotent. This means that whilst they can develop into multiple cell types, there are some that they cannot differentiate into. However, the researchers wanted to discover if genetically manipulating ESCs would allow for the formation of an embryoid.
“In addition to the actual embryo, the membrane that surrounds it and parts of the placenta also emerge from the egg,” senior author Professor Dr Hubert Schorle said. “Embryonic stem cells, on the other hand, cannot form these tissue structures outside the embryo.”
Formation of embryo models
Firstly, the team used genetic modification to reprogram ESCs into TSCs and XEN cells. They diverted from current procedures and decided to co-culture the three ESC lines in a 3D agarose environment. They subsequently found that the cells were able to form sophisticated embryo-like structures. Amazingly, the cells were able to self-organise themselves into these structures, suggesting that crosstalk signalling occurs between the cells.
“[The structures] resembled a 5-day-old mouse embryo,” said co-author Arik Horne. “The disordered mixture of the three cell types had therefore evolved into a strictly ordered structure, much like the one that normally emerges from a fertilised egg.”
In addition, the team analysed the genetic activity of the cells within the embryoid to confirm their findings. The results proved that the cells expressed the same genes as the cells in a natural mouse embryo, suggesting the co-culture was allowing for proper development.
For the first time, embryoids have been generated from one sole starting cell population in a 3D co-culture. The method developed in this study eliminates the need for multiple expensive cell culture reagents. It is also much faster than previous techniques used to develop embryo models. Generating models using this new method will allow scientists to forge a much deeper understanding of embryonic development.
In the future, the team aims to create embryoids from monkey ESCs. They hope that these embryoids could be used for toxicity testing to see if drugs cause any side effects in the womb. If successful, this could greatly reduce current reliance on animal testing for such experiments.
Picture by doodlartdotcom on Pixabay
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Biomedical Model of Understanding of Illness and Health
This family in our field sight of 6 years. Also it is an example of that the society did not accept it of the child because of its functional condition. The boy till 6 years was in a kindergarten in special group. It was in a society, was socialised. And mother and the father had possibility to work. But when to the child 6 years in its school were executed refused to take, and the day centre for such children in Yelgava is not present. Parents wanted, that their child was in a society because in spite of the fact that he does not speak, and does not move, the permanent care is necessary to it, it is necessary to feed him, it needs to be in society. Such child under the law consider as not trainee, therefore in its school did not take. But as a result only at the age of 9 years of the child took in school. And it is in school in the afternoon, it receives leaving and is in a society. The boy is in group with children with an illness at special school. This example also shows, what not all experts (teachers, social workers and even doctors) could accept it as the person to whom the socialisation is necessary, many and said that it is "vegetable", it is necessary nothing for it and only felt sorry for parents. As a result persistence of parents has helped to achieve to break stereotypes. The boy regularly receives service of musical therapy, positively reacts horse theraphy. Conditions in a family stable and parents have dared at one child, in a family there was one more child. The social service supports this family, but also the family is a society part.
I consider that it is a good example as the biomedical model works in practice. The material income does not undertake in attention. The serious illness is yet the end and all depends as the person himself concerns illness, whether on the person depends there is it a society part, whether it needs it. After all often happens so that the person is healthy, but he does not want to be in society or on the contrary. Illness it not a barrier to it. "Health this full physical, spiritual and social condition of state of health and not only absence of illnesses and physical defects."
E-pasta adrese, uz kuru nosūtīt darba saiti:
Saite uz darbu:
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A strategy for making stretchable composite materials with regions of extreme hardness is reported in Nature Communications this week. These composites can be stretched up to 350% in length while the “stiff islands” are unaffected, and they may pave the way for flexible solar cells or wearable electronic devices.
Materials which have regions of varying hardness are desirable but often have weak points where two areas meet. Although nature can produce materials with smooth transitions between hard and soft regions, such as the connections between tendons and bones, it remains difficult to replicate this behaviour in the lab. Andre Studart and his colleagues use a layer-by-layer hierarchical approach to manufacture their material, which contains stiff regions up to 10,000 times harder than the soft, stretchable areas. They show that they are able to mount electronic components on the stiff islands, and their performance is undisturbed by stretching.
The authors suggest that these materials may also be used as artificial biomaterials, such as synthetic cartilage or stronger false teeth.
Engineering: Just add water to activate a disposable paper batteryScientific Reports
Planetary science: Origins of one of the oldest martian meteorites identifiedNature Communications
Physics: Beam vibrations used to measure ‘big G’Nature Physics
Biotechnology: Mice cloned from freeze-dried somatic cellsNature Communications
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As I mentioned yesterday, we have a very different blog post today. Instead of summarizing it, I’ll let you read it. And if you missed the giveaway yesterday, you can enter today.
An American/Medieval Fantasy Culture
By Morgan Huneke
I’m a genre mixer. Why stick to one genre when you can throw a few together? It makes it more interesting, less cliché. After all, Across the Stars is a magic-free fantasy with a sci-fi spaceship instead of a portal. It’s fun to mix. My worldbuilding tends to be that way as well, only with eras. I love history, but I love so many different parts of it that it’s hard to pick just one to write about. Fantasy provides a solution for me. Because why stick to one era when you don’t have to?
I don’t have anything at all against strictly medieval fantasy. I like so much of it. And I’m rather partial to knights and swordfights and the age of chivalry. Not to mention peasant life. Yes, I’ve always been more interested in the poor people than the rich people. But I love American history as well. I couldn’t help wanting to include some. And then Jaye L. Knight’s Facebook posts about gladiators made me want to toss a bit of Ancient Rome in for extra flavoring. Here’s what I came up with.
Calhortz has a somewhat typical fantasy/medieval government. In other words, they’re a monarchy and that monarch lives in a castle. The queen, Toarna, also tends to dress in regal robes instead of the typical attire of the people, which I’ll get to later. They also primarily fight with swords and the soldiers wear medieval armor. Toarna has ladies-in-waiting, often insists on a court musician, and in general behaves like a medieval (tyrant) queen.
I pretty much always knew that the true people of Calhortz were slaves, and therefore I turned to the stereotypical ante-bellum South. Now, as a history nerd and a southern girl, I am quite adamant that there is way more to that era than the stereotype, but this isn’t the place to get into that. Most of the strytes who live in Calhortz live on plantations which they run with human slaves. They feed them little, punish them hard, and work them to death, separating families on a whim, caring little for the slaves’ feelings. Though because I couldn’t say every plantation was like this, George had a decent master. I also took the stryte fashion from this era. Those Southern Belle dresses with the hoop skirt and the tiny waist like you see in Gone With the Wind? That’s typical female stryte attire. (Not a huge fan of Gone With the Wind, though, once was enough.)
The strytes also have a Roman thirst for bloody entertainment. So you’ve got the men in their frock coats and the women in their hoop skirts flocking to the arenas to watch slaves kill each other. Yikes.
There aren’t many seafarers from Calhortz, but Toarna does employ privateers. Their ships are about colonial period, and cannons are the smallest firearm anyone has been able to make. Since most seafarers come from the Yatachee Islands where fashion is quite behind the times, knee breeches are most common among the sailors, both merchant and pirate.
Era mixing is great fun. It’s not exactly easy to do, but it’s quite rewarding to write about your favorite time periods all at once.
About the Book
“M’lady, it has been fairly well confirmed that the Redona was hidden away by the merfolk at the conclusion of the Great War instead of destroyed as was commanded. My brother has confirmed to me Joseph’s belief that it was concealed at the Crossways.”
Toarna pressed her fingertips together in thought. “It must be recovered and destroyed as was at first intended.”
Emily, Allan, Jill, and Joey have been reunited with their long lost ancestors. But with that reunion comes the true beginning of their quest: free the rightful king of Calhortz so that he may be restored to his throne. The Redona, the only object that can free him from his long imprisonment, is rumored to be concealed in The Crossways, a mountain across the sea which cannot be entered.
A slave since birth, Adriel’s resentment and hatred towards the strytes only grows as his family is continually ripped from him. He longs for the freedom the Time Captives are prophesied to bring, but he doubts their existence, just as he doubts God’s love. Circumstances in Calhortz are so dire. How could they ever improve?
Who can enter The Crossways? Will the king ever be freed? Or will the slaves of Calhortz lose all hope of freedom before it is even offered to them?
The Crossways is the second book of the Time Captives trilogy, a tale of faith, family, fantasy, and a fight for truth and freedom.
Kindle ~ Paperback ~ Signed Copy
About the Author
Morgan Elizabeth Huneke is a homeschool graduate who lives in Georgia. She has enjoyed creating characters and writing stories since early childhood. Her other interests include reading, playing the piano and violin, and politics. She is the author of Across the Stars and The Experiment.
You can connect with Morgan on her website, blog, Facebook, Twitter, Google Plus, and Pinterest.
Join in the excitement of Time Captives and enter to win a special prize! The first prize winner will receive a signed copy of The Crossways. The second prize winner will receive an eCopy of The Crossways in the eBook format of his/her choice. Giveaway open to U.S. residents only.
a Rafflecopter giveaway
Monday, October 19
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By Michael Aneiro
Some muni-bond experts expect little post-storm market damage, but Moody’s sees a lingering pile of credit risks for local governments and institutions hit by Hurricane Sandy. From Moody’s:
Local governments face the credit negative risk of unbudgeted costs for flood control, cleanup, sheltering evacuees, emergency services and rebuilding damaged infrastructure. In extreme cases, strains on liquidity could occur if recovery costs exceed budget and federal reimbursements are delayed. Public transit systems may be particularly challenged, because they face large cleanup costs in addition to lost revenue during the period in which they are inoperable. Some enterprise credits such as hospitals, higher education institutions and housing projects are also affected.
Moody’s says US municipal issuers have an “extremely strong” track record of recovering from natural disasters without impairments to bondholders. “The immediate disruptions of these disasters tend to cause short-term liquidity problems but subsequent spending from insurance, federal aid, state support and private charitable donations is very simulative for local and regional economies,” Moody’s says.
Most affected local governments have contingency reserves for weather events, and will also be eligible for FEMA aid, with the federal government paying 75% or more of various emergency costs and up to 75% for hazard mitigation projects for disaster areas. States decide how to allocate the non-federal share of cleanup costs and can sometimes assist with delays in federal reimbursement. Moody’s points out that President Obama has already authorized emergency funding for Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Maryland, Delaware, Maryland, West Virginia, Virginia, and Washington, DC. Private non-profit organizations such as higher education institutions and healthcare facilities that provide services to the general public are also eligible for FEMA assistance.
Moody’s offers the following list of storm-related muni credit risks:
- Upfront cleanup costs exceed budgeted contingencies. Excess costs not offset by immediate revenues will force issuers to use reserves or cut other expenditures,reducing fund balances.
- A lag in aid from higher levels of government. Even for eligible issuers whose costs are mostly reimbursed, aid often comes months after costs are incurred. Moody’s says such instances shouldn’t impact long-term ratings for issuers with sufficient liquidity.
- Delays in insurance reimbursements. Elevated risk of mortgage delinquencies or foreclosures as homeowners seek to finance repairs while awaiting insurance funds for damaged properties securing state housing finance agency programs.
- Hospitals in affected areas are likely to report negative effects from the hurricane, including a significant decline in patient volume this week, closures of outpatient clinics and physicians’ offices, and inpatient admissions only handling emergency cases. There will also be expenses for overtime staffing of emergency workers and the immediate costs of cleanup, with insurance likely covering damage-related costs but not higher expenses.
- Vulnerability of several classes of debt. Classes of debt, including sales and special tax revenue bonds, and revenue bonds supported by the operations of healthcare, educational, housing and other enterprise entities may be more vulnerable owing to factors such as appropriation risk and the cyclical nature of revenue streams. Issuers of revenue bonds will be most immediately affected by increased expenditures.
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Dr. Jane Mary Fay Desforges of Melrose, a pioneering physician, associate editor of the New England Journal of Medicine, educator and researcher, died Sept. 7 at Lawrence Memorial Hospital. She was 91.
Born in Melrose, Dr. Desforges was a graduate of Melrose High School. She graduated from Wellesley College as a Durant Scholar, Phi Beta Kappa, and was cum laude Alpha Omega Alpha at Tufts University School of Medicine.
Dr. Desforges was a leader in hematology and widely regarded as an expert on blood disorders.
She spent most of her career at Tufts Medical Center , while also serving many years on the staff of the former Boston City Hospital, now Boston Medical Center.
Dr. Robert Schwartz, former chief of hematology/oncology at Tufts Medical Center and a colleague of Dr. Desforges said, “I can summarize it by saying that everyone loved Jane Desforges. She was an inspiration to women. She stood up for them and served as a role model. They were really inspired by her. She was a fighter. She didn’t put up with any nonsense.”
Dr. Desforges achieved numerous accomplishments including election to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Science in 1990.
She was the first woman to receive the American College of Physicians Distinguished Teacher Award and was appointed master of the American College of Physicians.
Tufts established the Jane F. Desforges Chair in Medicine in her honor.
Dr. Desforges was the associate editor of the New England Journal of Medicine and president of the American Society of Hematology.
Her students voted her recipient of the Outstanding Teacher award 13 times.
Dr. Desforges was a lifelong parishioner of St. Mary’s Church in Melrose and enjoyed hiking, skiing and gardening.
Wife of the late Gerard Joseph “Mike” Desforges, she is survived by a daughter, Jane A. “Janie” Desforges of Providence; a sister-in-law, Helen A. Desforges; and several nieces and nephews.
A funeral Mass will be celebrated at 10 a.m. at St. Mary’s Church, Melrose, on Saturday.
Burial will be in Wyoming Cemetery, Melrose.
Arrangements by Gately Funeral Home, Melrose.
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Andy Stanley concludes Chapter 16 of Enemies of the Heart as he observes that we conquer greed with generosity. When you give generously, that breaks the grip of greed on your life. And, Pastor Stanley exhorts, give generously, whether or not you think you have extra. Also, the author adds, you must give to the point that it forces you to make adjustments to your lifestyle.
Because, Andy stresses, greed isn’t a feeling. Rather, it’s a refusal to act. Thus, it’s possible to show compassion toward needy people and yet act as avariciously as Scrooge. Andy explains:
“Generous feeling and good intentions don’t compensate for a greedy heart; in fact, good intentions and greed can cohabit in your heart indefinitely. This is what makes this covert enemy such a threat to the heart. You may never feel it the way you do anger or guilt or even jealousy. But, it’s there. It’s dangerous. And it can lead to total loss.”
Most noteworthy, Andy encourages, don’t wait to start giving (a) until your fear of giving goes away or (b) God changes your heart. As a result, Pastor Stanley advises, “give until you get cheerful.”
In conclusion, Andy notes, it’s not a bad thing to possess money. However, problems result when you don’t know why you have money. Since we leave everything behind when we die, it’s quite clear that we’re managers, not owners. And when you live out this manager status, you experience a freedom owners never come to know. As Pastor Stanley explains, “You’ll be free from the fear of loss in this life — and more concerned with avoiding real loss in the life to come.”
Today’s question: What Bible verses help you remember that you’re the manager of Someone Else’s assets, not the owner? Please share.
Tomorrow’s blog: the latest Short Meditation, “Mechanic Bob vs. ‘Mr. Dirt’ “
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Horn and Bone Crafts of Kerala
Kerala is one of the most important centers of Horn and Bone Crafts in Southern India. Lovely artifacts including toys, miniature animals, paper weights, flower vases, small boxes, lamps, ashtrays etc are the manifestations of this artistry. Places like Kasaragod, Cochin, Trivandrum, Ernakulam and Trichur, in Kerala, are well reputed in this craftwork. Horn and bone crafts are bestowed with exquisite variety of designs and vibrant colours. Designs range from contemporary to traditional styles. Designs are delicately engraved with the aid of a chisel. One of the most common manifestations of this craftwork includes representation of mythological figures like Lord Ganesha, Shiva-Parvati, Vishnu Saraswathi, Goddess Lakshmi and Nataraja. Apart from carving out designs, etching them on the surfaces of horn crafts is also another common practice. Horn and bone crafts comprise of various designs including floral and geometrical patterns and other beautiful scenes. In Thiruvananthapuram, the artisans of Viswakarma Community are well known for this art.
Horn and Bone Crafts of Karnataka
Horn and bone crafts are also extensively practiced in Belgaum district of Karnataka. Ornamental and decorative items furnished by the artisans of this district are very popular in India. The most common product in this area is the traditional comb adorned with intricate designs. Apart from this, bone jewellery, hair pins, buttons, pen stands, trays etc are also crafted with cattle horns. When combined with metal works, these crafts exhibit brilliant appeal.
Horn and Bone Crafts of Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu has also gained acclamation in terms of Horn and Bone Crafts in Southern India. Chennai is one of the leading manufacturers of this craftwork. Antique crafts made out of horns are prepared by adept artisans. Jwellaries including necklaces, bangles etc. are much adored by youngsters. Craving for such jewelleries can also be witnessed among the foreigners from different parts of the world. Besides this, many home d‚cor items are also crafted. They are designed in a range of shapes and designs with vivid colours. These crafts have a fine finish and are greatly charming in their own unique way.
Horn and Bone Crafts of Andhra Pradesh
Vishakhapatnam, in Andhra Pradesh, nests some skilled craftsmen furnishing alluring horn and bone crafts. Walking sticks are a speciality of this area. Horns serve as a versatile raw material owing to its easy and widespread availability. Horns are softened by heating and oiling and are shaped in different ways embellished with delicate and elaborate designs. Bison horns serve as an excellent raw material because of their large sizes.
Crafting of Horn and Bone Crafts
Horn and Bone Crafts of Southern India are manifestations of a series of complicated and elaborate steps. Initially the horns and bones are soaked in water and are heated to make them soft to carve them in desirable shapes. Engravings are done on them with intricate designs and are coloured with vivid hues. Polishing with charcoal, coconut oil and limestone is the final step in their processing.
Combination of horn and bone crafts with other types of artistry like metal works and stone works always intensify their beauty. Gems like topaz, quartz and feroza are often embedded on them to enhance their appeal. The designs in these crafts also include a wide variety of patterns of both modern and traditional styles and inspirations from ancient arts can also be traced on them. Horn and bone crafts are the testaments of pure artistic mastery which attract people from all over the world.
|More Articles in Horn and Bone Craft (7)|
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Puffed up: Less pressure, bigger bosom
DRAWING BY DEBORAH DERR MCCLINTOCK
BY BILL SONES AND RICH SONES, PH.D.
Q. Maybe you slept through chemistry, but you remember Boyle's law, right? "Reduce the pressure on a gas and it will expand." For extra credit, apply this principle to inflatable bras in airplanes, dignitaries guzzling champagne underwater, and fliers eating beans. R. Russell
A. The Associated Press reported about a flight where a sudden depressurization in the cabin caused a bosomy stewardess's inflatable bra to begin expanding to, oh, about size 46, and climbing. Then a female passenger, seeing the stewardess's plight, handed her a hairpin that she used to stab herself repeatedly in the chest. A male passenger, mistaking the action for attempted hara-kiri, rushed forth and wrestled the stewardess to the floor.
It took a while to restore order on the plane.
As for the dignitaries, they had gathered to celebrate the completion of a tunnel under the Thames River by imbibing a little bubbly on location. No matter that the champagne seemed lifeless and flat: They drank their fillm anyway.
But upon their return aboveground to reduced atmospheric pressure, the drink began to release its gas– fast.
"The wine popped in their stomachs, distended their vests, and all but frothed from their ears," said the Journal of Chemical Education.
"One dignitary had to be rushed back into the depths to undergo champagne recompression."
Finally, when World War II pilots began complaining of severe bouts of intestinal gas, it became clear that a few beans eaten on the ground can feel like a lot more in the relative depressurized environment of high-altitude flight. Rx? A bean-lean diet for the grateful airmen.
Q. It has been reported that the wealthy don't play state lotteries unless the jackpot grows enormous, at which point probability theory says the game may become a good bet. How good? What's the theory here? J. Kluge
A. A fair bet is one where the "expected winnings" exceed the ticket price, says Williams College economist Victor Matheson. For example, a recent Powerball jackpot reached $260 million with odds of winning at roughly 1 in 120 million. So multiply the $260 million by 1/120 million and you get at least $2 expected winnings for the $1 ticket.
But, but, but... Powerball, Mega Millions, and most others pay out over 20 to 30 years, devaluing the winnings. For the recent Powerball drawing, for example, this reduces the jackpot from $260 million to just under $150 million. Now the expected value of a ticket is $150 million x 1/120 million +.25 (for lower tier prizes) = $1.50, which still exceeds the price of the ticket.
But there's more: Taxes take about 1/3 of winnings, reducing the above return to around $1, or right at the break-even point, and multiple winners force sharing of the pot, common with big jackpots and "lotto fever." In fact, none of the big lotteries like Mega Millions or Powerball has ever produced a fair bet, but some states have.
As for the wealthy playing, concludes Matheson, there have been cases where the expected return was high enough that an investment consortium tried to corner the jackpot by buying every combination. In 1992, an Australian group attempted to corner a $27 million Virginia Lotto jackpot and managed to buy 2.4 million of the 7.1 million possible combinations before time ran out. They didn't win.
Q. How much longer do we men have to wait to achieve longevity equality with women? N. Gingrich
A. No wait at all. As recently as 1920, men and women in the U.S. enjoyed virtually equal life expectancy at birth– around 55 years. Then over the last century, while men increased their life expectancy to around 73 years, women advanced to 79 years, opening a six-year gender gap.
Why the disparity? Lots of theories, but with changes of this sort, you would expect the causes to be cultural, not biological, says anthropologist Marvin Harris in Our Kind. "People today seem to think that being the biologically stronger sex, women naturally live longer," Harris says. But that ignores the hidden cost of machismo: Males smoke more cigarettes, eat more fatty meat, drink more, and take more hard drugs, drive faster, are exposed to more on-the-job industrial poisons, use more deadly weapons, and often acquire hard-driving, competitive personalities.
Tough guys, and tough for our docs to keep healthy.
Send Strange questions to brothers Bill and Rich at StrangeTrue@Compuserve.com.
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SUPPLIES & TOOLS:
- Wilton foodcrafting supplies: White Candy Melts candy Candy color sets: Primary (red used) and Garden (pink and green used) Non-stick cookie sheet Parchment paper 12" disposable decorating bags Parchment Triangles Pearlized sugar: ruby & emerald Sparkling sugar: white & pink
- Pretzel rods
1. Melt white Candy Melts candy according to package directions. Tint portions deep red, deep pink and green using candy colors from sets.
2. Dip 3/4 of the pretzel rods in either melted red, pink or white Candy Melts candy. Place on a parchment paper-covered cookie sheet. Allow to cool in refrigerator until set.
3. Use a cut decorating bag to pipe thick lines with melted white, pink, red or green Candy Melts candy over pretzels. Immediately sprinkle with matching sugar. Place on a parchment paper-covered cookie sheet. Allow to cool in refrigerator until set.
4. Use a cut parchment bag to pipe thin lines with melted white, pink, red or green Candy Melts candy. Allow to cool in refrigerator until set.
Project Tip: Parchment bags give you a fine point for detailed decorating. Instructions on how to fold a parchment bag are inside the Wilton Parchment Triangles package or online at wilton.com.
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Fish that exhibit parental care suitable for an unheated aquarium
Right now, I have two tanks set up, a 55 gal., and a 10 gal. I plan to move all the fish out of the 10 gal. and keep only my Cherry Red Shrimp in it. There's a good colony going there now, but I have a couple of Oryzias and a few white clouds in there as well. In the 55 gal., I have nothing but shrimp, both the Cherry Red and some Ghost Shrimp (and some snails). I plan to let them build up there population before moving any fish in. I'm planning to set up a 15 gal. long some time in the next few months.
The White Clouds and the Oryzias seem to get along peacefully enough, although the latter are definitely shyer. I may keep the Oryzias in the 15 gal. (so I can see them) and put the White Clouds in the 55 gal., but I'd like to get some fairly hardy fish that exhibit some kind of parental care, ideally bi-parental. (I've wanted to try this out myself, and my eleven year old daughter is also very interested--she was bugging me about it a lot in the fall.) Do you have any suggestions for such fish that would either cohabit peacefully with the White Clouds in the 55 gal.--I'd prefer this--or else be content in the 15 gal., and which would not need a heated tank? The water can be as cold as 58F or so in the morning these days.
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Small business owners are often blindsided by all the things they have to pay for when they start. The worst mistake you could make right now is to jump straight into the planning stage without sorting out your startup costs. There might be lots of things you have to cover before you can even start operating lawfully, so unless you have that money and enough capital to run your venture, you can’t start a business. You also don’t know how much money will actually stay in your pocket if you don’t know the initial overheads. Let’s take a look at some of the significant expenses you’ll have to face when starting a new small business.
If you are thinking of starting your business without speaking with a lawyer, know that this is not the best idea. There is no reason for you to start without knowing some of the legal consequences of your actions. You also have to have a clear understanding of the regulatory landscape in your industry.
This is why you’ll need to find a business lawyer and consider keeping them on a retainer. Retainer fees vary greatly, so you will need to inquire with a few lawyers to know how much you can expect to pay, but you should set aside at least $2500 per year on lawyer fees.
You can’t start a business from a physical location without getting commercial insurance. Likewise, people who run their businesses from home should also get commercial insurance. This will protect you if someone breaks in and steals and/or damages computer equipment, inventory, or tools. You can also get coverage against floods and other natural disasters.
Then, you have liability insurance that will protect you in case someone gets injured or if you make advertising mistakes. It would be best if you also looked at things like income insurance to cover you in case you can’t open your business for some reason. And, if you have employees, you have to look at workers’ compensation.
This is one of the costs that business owners most overlook when they start a business. It would help if you never started a business without thorough market research. This isn’t something the average person can do on their own. You should hire a professional to do this, and they can get costly.
How much you spend will largely depend on the nature of the industry and how extensive you want the research to be. At the low end of the spectrum, you could get market research done for around $500, but you could be spending up to $10,000 and more for something more precise in a complex industry. So, this is something you’ll have to be ready for.
If you haven’t accounted for these few expenses for your small business, you have to mark them down right now. Get as full of a view of your initial expenses as possible, and don’t be afraid to ask for assistance if you need more help with this part.
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Definition: formally designated as follicle center cell lymphoma with follicular growth it is a common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma; of B-cell origin, they may consist of primarily small-cleaved cells, large cells, or a mixture of the two types. Most follicular lymphomas have a t(14;18) gene translocation resulting in a rearranged and constitutively overexpressed gene called BCL-2 that acts as an antiapoptotic oncogene. These tumors are generally not curable but have a prolonged natural history. Characteristic immunophenotype of these cells is CD10 positivity, in addition to B-cell–associated antigens CD19 and CD20.
Search Stedman's Medical Dictionary
Examples: glitazone, GI cocktail, etc.
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Financial problems cause enough anxiety in a home as it is and the added pressure from creditors and debt collectors makes the situation extremely stressful. Harassing phone calls and threatening notices come all hours of the day and night and their persistence is unbearable. However, filing for bankruptcy offers a solution to this aggravating problem with harassing creditors and debt collectors. The automatic stay gives you protection from harassing phone calls by stopping creditors from calling you.
A Bankruptcy Lawyer Can Help Stop Creditors From Calling
You should first consult with a lawyer to decide if filing is the right path for you. If so, once you file a petition in bankruptcy seeking Chapter 7 or Chapter 13 relief, the court will order an automatic stay. This court order means that all creditors much stop contacting you pending the resolution of your case. Even before your case is filed, the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act protects you from unlawful creditor collection activities and certain extreme harassing phone calls. However, the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act is not a very good deterrent since the penalties for violation of the Act are not too severe. Once you file your case, creditors are not allowed to call you, period. If a creditor continues to call you after your case is filed, they are in violation of the automatic stay, which imposes stiff penalties. Fines and punitive damages may be imposed on the debt collector for violating the stay.
Once a creditor is made aware of the fact that your case has been filed, it must immediately stop any collection efforts. The court will mail all creditors a notice of the filing of your Chapter 7 or Chapter 13 petition, which could take a few weeks. When you get harassing phone calls, you no longer have to run and take cover and have to hide. Instead, you can pick up the phone, inform your creditor that you have filed for bankruptcy, give them the contact information for your bankruptcy lawyer, and demand that they immediately stop calling you. All you need to do is tell them you filed a Chapter 7 or Chapter 13 case and give them your case number so that they can verify your filing. Just telling the debt collectors you have filed will not stop the calls. Once they realize you have filed and have proof through a court notice or case number they can no longer harass you.
Help is Just a Phone Call Away
If you are faced with a difficult financial situation and have considered bankruptcy, call Bankruptcy Legal Center today to discuss your options with a bankruptcy lawyer. We will help stop the harassing phone calls from debt collectors and relieve you of the stress and anxiety surrounding financial problems.
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https://www.sandiego-bankruptcylaw.com/blog/2012/06/12/stop-creditors-from-calling/
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Click on the tale that you wish to read
This story is by Ovid.
This young lady, a love-marriage hating young huntress who are met with so often in the Mythological stories. She said to have been Apollo's first love. Daphne did not want any mortal or immortal lovers. Her father was the river-god Peneus. Peneus grew tired because she refused the hand of all young men who wooed her and often asked Daphne "Am I never to have a grandson?" She insisted on being like Diana. He would yield and she would be off deep in the woods, a huntress at work. But at last Apollo saw her, and everything ended for her. As she was hunting Apollo began to chase after her but seeing as she was a highly skilled runner it took some time, but as was expected Apollo caught up to her as she reached the bank of her father's river. Bark began to form around her enclosing her; leaves set forth. She had been changed into a tree, a laurel.
Apollo watched the transformation in grief and dismay. "O fairest of maidens, you are lost to me," he mourned. "But at least you shall be my tree. With your leaves my victors shall wreathe their brows. You shall have your part in all my triumphs. Apollo and his laurel shall be joined together wherever songs are sung and stories are told."
The exquisite shinning-leaved tree appeared to nod its waving head as if in happy consent.
This story is written by Ovid.
Arethusa, yet another huntress who loved the comfort of the deep woods. She detested love and marriage and vowed never to marry.
One day, as she was tired and hot from the chase, she came upon a crystal-clear river deeply shaded in silvery willows. She undressed and bathed in the river, which was a place that was perfect for bathing. For a while, she swam to and fro, until she began to feel something below her. She sprang up from the river and stood on the bank, as she heard a voice that said "Why such haste fairest maiden?" Without looking back she fled in terror. With all the speed that she could muster up, she kept running and running, but still she was pursued by one stranger, he told her he was the god of the river, Alpheus, and that he was following her only out of absolute love. But she wanted no part of him and yet he unsparingly followed. Arethusa called to her god, Artemis, she changed her into a spring of water, and split the earth so a tunnel was made under the sea from Greece to Sicily. Arethusa plunged down and emerged in Ortygia, where the place in which her spring bubbles up is holy ground, sacred to Artemis.
But it is said that she is still not free of Alpheus. The story is that the god changed back into a river, followed her through the tunnel and the now his water mingles with hers in the fountain. They say that often Greek flowers are seen coming up from the bottom, and that if a wooden cup is thrown into the Alpheus in Greece, it would reappear in Arethusa's well in Sicily.
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“New technologies such as radar, cameras, lasers and GPS may enable us to offer more safety and convenience features in the future. [The] key is identifying the kinds of warnings that drivers will find both more effective and easier to understand.” -Jeff Rupp, manager-active safety research and advanced engineering at
Finally!!! All the dynamic safety systems I‘ve seen for heavy trucks in recent months - radar-based blind spot detection, forward collision warning, and the crème de la crème, active braking technology - is now trickling down to smaller vehicles. Ford Motor Co. is the first manufacturer to step into the ring, with plans to start offering collision warning with brake support (CWBS) on certain Ford and Lincoln vehicles next year, but I am sure the other automakers - domestic and otherwise - will soon follow.
This is a really big deal in my estimation, for these are the kinds of technologies that can really make a dent not only in truck-car crash numbers but also in terms of reducing overall highway fatalities.
[Here‘s a video from Ford outlining how its new bevy of safety technologies work. As the old phrase says, “seeing is believing,” and that‘s never been more true with these new safety systems.]
Ford‘s CWBS system works much like ArvinMeritor‘s OnGuard package for commercial trucks (as well as a similar system being developed by Bendix for commercial vehicles, due for release next year.) Ford‘s system uses radar to detect moving vehicles directly ahead and when the danger of a collision is detected, the system warns the driver with an audible “beep” and a red warning light projected on the windshield above the instrument panel.
More importantly, the system also automatically pre-charges brakes and engages a brake-assist feature that helps drivers quickly reach maximum braking once the brakes are engaged, stresses Paul Mascarenas, Ford‘s vice president of engineering for global product development.
“The new CWBS technology puts us on the leading edge of active safety to help customers detect and avoid possible dangers,” he says. “Ford will be the first to offer this technology on mainstream models that many families can afford.”
CWBS is one of three new radar-based active safety and driver-aid technologies Mascarenas says Ford is launching across a range of vehicles in 2008 and 2009. The others are adaptive cruise control (or ACC, launched just this year) along with blind spot information systems (BLIS) with cross traffic alert, which debuts in 2009. All three features use radar to detect the relative position of other vehicles and warn the driver with a combination of visual and audio alerts.
He notes that CWBS builds on the basic function of adaptive cruise control (the same technological building block used in heavy trucks), which uses radar to detect moving vehicles immediately ahead and modify cruising speed if necessary.
“Adaptive cruise control really marked the beginning of pre-emptive driver-assistance systems,” says Jerry Engelman, Ford‘s ACC-supervisor for chassis electronics. “We were able to use the radar technology and experience to develop collision warning with brake support system.”
Why is all the safety system stuff Ford is introducing here so important to trucks? Consider this: according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), the majority of accidents involve driver inattention. In fact, the agency found that one extra second of warning could prevent up to 90% of rear-end collisions and wouldn‘t you know it, CWBS can offer three programmable alert settings giving light vehicle drivers approximately 1.5 seconds to 2.5 seconds worth of warning time.
“It depends on the user‘s preference, because one person‘s false alarm may be another person's near miss, and it's important that drivers are comfortable with the system,” says Tom Pilutti, technical expert, with Ford‘s Research and Advanced Engineering group. Some people have a slower reaction time, and the longer time setting may meet their needs better than the shorter setting. Our research shows that most drivers will prefer and feel more comfortable with the longer default setting.”
Then there‘s this set of statistics: according to the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, forward collision warning systems like CWBS could help prevent the kind of rear-end crashes that occurred 2.3 million times per year from 2002-2006 - or almost 40% of the total crashes reported to police each year in the U.S.
Of course, we‘re just at the starting line here. Most of these technologies don‘t start reaching production models until next year - and with the economic crisis we‘re in now, will consumers be ready to buy them, much less even consider purchasing new cars? One wishes these safety advances came to the market sooner, but as they are all based on complex technology that‘s got to work consistently day in and day out over the life of the vehicle, it can‘t happen overnight. Also, these technologies are aimed initially at Ford's car models -- so when they reach their light trucks is anybody's guess (let's hope sooner rather than later.)
Let‘s also hope Ford stays financially healthy long enough to bring these technologies to market, for they just may provide the distinct competitive advantage the long-suffering automaker has looked for these last ever-tougher years.
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<urn:uuid:f6b34d74-67a6-4113-bfa5-6ed65835d92f>
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http://fleetowner.com/blog/trickle-down-safety
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It may look like dribbly scribble on scrappy bits of notepad, but shorthand has long been a skill that journalists have come to rely on to report accurately.
Over on our sister blog, The Wire, they’re discussing whether journalists need shorthand anymore. This is in response to a post from Charlie Beckett from Polis suggesting that it’s a handy skill rather than an essential tool.
Comments have been coming in on both posts, and while I’d love to agree with the ‘ditch it’ camp (I can’t do shorthand), I have to concede that I think it is definitely vital to a journalist.
I can cite a very memorable example of when it would have been useful. So far, we’ve heard the strong argument of court reporting needing shorthand. Yes, it does, and to send a non-shorthand-trained journalist to court is a legal battle waiting to happen.
But my experiences of feeling at a loss without shorthand come in less-likely situations.
On one of my first ever stories, I was sent to interview a lovely old lady who would turn 100. A nice, simple local press story; one that I should have been able to tie up and spit out 500 words with no hassle.
I took my dictaphone and notepad to do the interview. The idea would be to chat to this lady as naturally as possible, making it seem like a casual discussion and not an interview. Of course, all interviews should be like this, but in this case it was especially important. If she saw me scribbling away furiously as she spoke I’m certain she would have gone shy on me.
By popping my dictaphone on the table I could not worry about notes.
“What’s that?” she asked. Gulp. I didn’t for a moment think that this bit of technology would make her so uneasy. But it did. She wasn’t happy doing the interview with the dictaphone, for reasons I do not know. Generational, perhaps, which meant I had to rely on notes. If I could pull out shorthand in this situation I would have been fine, noting down each phrase she came up with.
It was a great interview. She told me of how she drove an ambulance in London during the Second World War, dodging the onslaught of the Blitz as she went about her business. But, sadly, I don’t feel I caught the drama as well as I would have done with verbatim quotes. A big shame.
Another, more recent example, came from a task that involved transcribing a speech by Nicolas Sarkozy. There was no time to set up my dictaphone, or to get at a computer to get typing. Nope, good old pen and paper was all I had.
No matter how advanced the technology gets, it’ll still, every so often, come down to that. Learn shorthand.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://pressgazette.co.uk/shortchanged-without-shorthand/
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Scripture: Luke 2:22-40 (NRSV)
Christmas day! Presents unwrapped, Christmas dinner eaten. Grandpa snores silently on the easy-boy. Grandma fusses over the newest grandbaby. Aunts put puzzles together, while uncles watch reruns on TV. Nieces and nephews, brothers and sisters, cousins all, go bowling in the basement on the Wii. Awesome are the experiences and deeds we expect and take for granted at Christmastide. The coming together of generations, whether in our families of origin or in the church or with friends and others we love, is one of the priceless gifts of Christmas!
The divisions in our nation seem many these days, and not just between political parties. “What divides Americans most,” said a recent Time magazine article, “isn’t race, gender, geography or ideology. It is the year we were born.” The biggest gap between us is the generation gap. An extensive new Pew Research Center poll found that today we have the largest generation gap since 1972. The sheer numbers of people in the middle (Baby Boomers and Gen Xers) creates a demographic chasm between the Silent Generation (0ver 65) and the Millennials (18-30 year olds). The survey revealed that the youngest and oldest generations have strikingly different views on everything from how they feel about the Internet, the government, how they’ll vote, the economy, the church, interracial or same sex marriages and so on.
By contrast, the Christmas day passage (Luke 2:22-40) reminds us that the birth of Christ ushers in strong possibilities of uniting generations across time and space. Jesus’ parents bring him to the Temple to offer a sacrifice of two young turtledoves to fulfill the law of dedication. No doubt a few of Jesus’ extended family were with them for this auspicious occasion.
It isn’t long, however, until the infant attracts others, especially two older people, Simeon and Anna. Both are awed by this unexpected visitation. Simeon immediately proclaims Jesus to be his Savior and the Savior of the world, “For mine eyes have seen thy salvation, O God…a light for revelation to [all people].” Simeon can now die, happy. Then old Anna, a widowed prophet living in the Temple for years, “gave thanks to God and spoke of Jesus to everyone looking for the redemption of Jerusalem.” And Mary and Joseph awed by the whole thing, “marveled at the things which were spoken” about Jesus.
What greater Christmas gift could there be to one another? What more unexpected sign of the power of Christ’s birth in our lives than the coming together across time and space, across the generations, however wide the gap? Before this season is over, if you’re of the older generation, whether you agree with them or not, reach out and embrace that youngster nearby. Tell him or her that you believe in them, care for them, love them no matter what. If you’re a part of the younger generation, make sure in this season to give the gift of your hug or kind word, or volunteer to read or do some other loving deed to an older person you know or encounter.
To all of us, Millennials, Generation Xers, Baby Boomers or the Silent Generation alike, whatever our differences, whatever the gap between us, let us all unite to sing with one voice, and not just on this Christmas day, but every day, “Christ, the Savior is born, Christ, the Savior is born!”
Scripture: Luke 2:22-40 (NRSV)
When the time came for their purification according to the law of Moses, they brought him up to Jerusalem to present him to the Lord 23(as it is written in the law of the Lord, Every firstborn male shall be designated as holy to the Lord), 24and they offered a sacrifice according to what is stated in the law of the Lord, a pair of turtledoves or two young pigeons.
25Now there was a man in Jerusalem whose name was Simeon; this man was righteous and devout, looking forward to the consolation of Israel, and the Holy Spirit rested on him. 26It had been revealed to him by the Holy Spirit that he would not see death before he had seen the Lords Messiah. 27Guided by the Spirit, Simeon came into the temple; and when the parents brought in the child Jesus, to do for him what was customary under the law, 28Simeon took him in his arms and praised God, saying, 29Master, now you are dismissing your servant in peace, according to your word; 30for my eyes have seen your salvation, 31which you have prepared in the presence of all peoples, 32a light for revelation to the Gentiles and for glory to your people Israel. 33And the childs father and mother were amazed at what was being said about him. 34Then Simeon blessed them and said to his mother Mary, This child is destined for the falling and the rising of many in Israel, and to be a sign that will be opposed 35so that the inner thoughts of many will be revealedand a sword will pierce your own soul too. 36There was also a prophet, Anna the daughter of Phanuel, of the tribe of Asher. She was of a great age, having lived with her husband seven years after her marriage, 37then as a widow to the age of eighty-four. She never left the temple but worshiped there with fasting and prayer night and day. 38At that moment she came, and began to praise God and to speak about the child to all who were looking for the redemption of Jerusalem. 39When they had finished everything required by the law of the Lord, they returned to Galilee, to their own town of Nazareth. 40The child grew and became strong, filled with wisdom; and the favor of God was upon him.
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The following article is from issue 10 of Working Class Resistance, August 2005, published by Organise! and written by Jason Brannigan.
Direct Action Gets The Goods
From the black block havin’ a go, to the clown army tickling cops and putting flowers in their hair, from marches to smashing McDonalds, gluing locks to throwing bricks and even it seems going to rock concerts– all of these activities have had the term direct action applied to them incorrectly.
Direct action is being confused with actions that are probably best regarded as symbolic and more often than not ineffective. A lot of the confusion is down to media reports of anything they regard as outside the parameters of acceptable protest as direct action, but a significant amount of it is down to the desire on the part of many activists to do ‘direct action’. This leads to claims by those involved that actions, such as the recent Making Poverty History event on Derry’s walls, are ‘direct action’ – such events may sometimes be worthy and may raise awareness but direct action they certainly aren’t. Many activists regard summit protests, such as those held in Gleneagles against the G8 meeting, as direct action – but such protests, even if they are successful in shutting down a summit remain as symbolic as the summits they are protesting.
Direct action has also become a by-word for violence, to the extent that much of the anti-war and anti-globalisation movement talk specifically of NVDA – Non Violent Direct Action. That’s not to say people engaged in direct action shouldn’t defend themselves or that violence is never acceptable, simply that this view of direct action is partial and misrepresentative.
So what is direct action? Put simply it:
…refers to action undertaken directly between two individuals or groups, without the interference of a third party. Specifically to Anarcho-Syndicalists (and other libertarian communists) this means: The rejection of participation in parliamentary or statist politics and the adoption of tactics and strategies which place responsibility for action firmly in the hands of the workers themselves. (Anarcho-Syndicalist FAQ, http://anarchosyndicalism.net/faq/1d.htm#1d2)
Cliched though it may sound direct action really is about empowering ourselves and breaking the dependency on others to do things for us.
Rather than pleading, through official intermediaries, with our bosses or electing politicians to sort it:
Fundamental to direct action is the reality that we can only rely on ourselves to achieve our goals (SolFed, About Solidarity Federation).
Direct Action in Our Workplaces
Direct action can be applied in as many different areas as there are forms of direct action. Of course for libertarian communists the main areas of application are in our workplaces and communities. In their leaflet A Workers Guide to Direct Action the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) sets out what they mean by direct action in a workplace context:
Direct action is any form of guerrilla warfare that cripples the bosses ability to make a profit and makes him/her cave into the workers demands. The best known form of direct action is the strike, in which workers simply walk off their jobs and refuse to produce profits for the boss until they get what they want.
Strike action is at times more limited than this implies, particularly given the constraints of Trade Union bureaucracies, the impact and fear of anti-union legislation and a prevalent ideology of social partnership.
Wildcat strikes, “unofficial” strikes, where this stranglehold is removed have become increasingly used by workers in recent years and such action certainly returns some of the impact to the strike weapon.
In June up to 300 postal workers took immediate wildcat action due to the suspension of 30 of their fellow workers. The action took place at the Tomb Street sorting depot following workers refusal to accept un-agreed working practices, and the action taken ensured the dispute was resolved within two days. Compare that to the debilitating and drawn out process that accompanies the balloting process for official industrial action and there can be little doubt that a short sharp shock is often a better option.
However if a wildcat drags on large amounts of financial solidarity are needed to support the strikers, even in the case of official action the bosses ability to sit out a strike for longer than many of us could survive of strike pay (if our ‘leadership’, who are still after all drawing their fat salaries from our membership dues, deign to provide us with any) means that other methods of direct action may be more appropriate and effective.
In my own experience, several years ago as a result of mounting grievances, fellow railway workers decided to inform the company that they were unavailable to work an upcoming bank holiday. Management panicked – one manager was sent by car towards Bangor getting out along the way in order to board a train worked by one of the workers’ shop stewards. Faced with the prospect of having next to no trains running and with no time to do anything about it a meeting between workers representatives and management was set up immediately. The upshot of this was the addressing of many of the workers grievances and a small but significant improvement in working conditions. And no one lost out on overtime for working the bank holiday either, due to the swift resolution of the dispute. In this case it was enough to threaten wildcat action in order to get results.
There are other methods of direct action available in the workplace, Rudolf Rocker, a German Anarcho-Syndicalist wrote in his book Anarcho-Syndicalism in 1938:
By direct action the Anarcho-Syndicalists mean every method of immediate warfare by the workers against their economic and political oppressors. Among these the outstanding are the strike, in all its graduations from the simple wage struggle to the general strike; the boycott; sabotage in its countless forms; anti-militarist propaganda; and in particularly critical cases… armed resistance of the people for the protection of life and liberty1.
Direct action is about workers acting to defend or improve their conditions using work to rules, strikes and occupations rather than trusting the Labour Relations Agency or Industrial Tribunals to sort things out for them.
Direct Action Against the War
Before the war on Iraq millions of people marched in opposition on February 15th 2003, including around 15,000 in Belfast and 100,000 in Dublin, but they were ignored by politicians.
Direct action is harder for them to ignore, and while workers and anti-war activists were unable to carry out much in the way of it there were nevertheless some small but significant examples of direct action that give us a glimpse of the potential and strength of it as a method of resistance. In particular the action taken by grassroots activists and anarchists at Shannon airport forced three of the four commercial airlines that had been transporting Gulf bound US troops to pull out. Action ranged from breaches of the perimeter fence to physical attacks on US planes. This had an impact and provided a glimpse of what could be achieved but one of the problems was the lack of interaction with workers at Shannon. One of the forerunners of Organise!, the Anarcho-Syndicalist Federation did attempt to build bridges and a bulletin aimed at the workers was distributed during one of the protests, but this was isolated and unsustainable for such a small group with no local base.
More potential had been glimpsed on the 7th of January 2003 when two train drivers blacked a train carrying ammunition to Glen Douglas on Scotland’s west coast. The ammunition was believed to have been destined for the war on Iraq – in the end it had to be transported by road.
Direct Action in Our Communities
In communities in the south direct action has meant organising to defeat the water charge and fighting the bin tax. Socialist Party TD Joe O’Higgins may have got elected on the back of the anti-water charges campaign but it was not his election that defeated the Irish government.
Mass opposition and direct action defeated the charge and anti-water charges campaigners in the north should learn valuable lessons from this victory of working class people.
Civil disobedience and mass non-payment also toppled Thatcher and defeated the Poll Tax in Britain.
Direct Action in Spain
In 2003 striking CNT (the Spanish Anarcho-Syndicalist Union) members took on Ferrovial Servicos, a street cleaning and bin collecting company, due to breaching of agreements made following action taken the previous year. After 134 days of struggle, protest and mounting pressure on the company – which saw 6 workers going on hunger strike, the use of scab labour by the company, daily demonstrations, a noisy wake-up call every morning outside the City Council and a blockade every afternoon, picketing at the company gates, weekly protest marches to Seville and performances of the Full Monty by striking workers – the dispute ended in victory for the workers.
A Rejection of Powerlessness
Direct action is a rejection of the notion that working class people are powerless. Improvements to our lives are not handed down benevolently from above – they must be fought for. For libertarian communists direct action is more than an effective means of defence or even of going on the offensive and changing something for the better, it is, for the working class:
A continuous schooling for their powers of resistance, showing them every day that every least right has to be won by unceasing struggle against the system (Rudolf Rocker).
Direct action is an essential preparation for the free socialist society that we are striving to create. Through engaging in direct action, even when we make mistakes, we have the opportunity to learn from experience that there is no need to leave things to ‘experts’ or professional politicians. We should have learnt by now that that course offers us nothing but disempowerment, betrayal and broken promises and results in a pervading sense of powerlessness. And yet we are far from powerless. Direct action teaches us to control our own struggles, while building a culture of resistance that links with other workers in struggle. Solidarity and mutual aid find real expression and as our confidence grows so to does our ability to change the world.
Direct action, like they say, gets the goods.
1 Rockers example of armed resistance in ‘particularly critical cases’ was written in reference to the revolutionary struggle against Fascism that had been ongoing in Spain since 1936.
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Often used as a specification (measured in Ohms) for headphones and earphones, impedance describes how much resistance the headphone gives to the signal from the audio source. So any headphones with impedance between 20-40 Ohms is a reasonable choice for a casual music listener, and 64 Ohms and above for an audiophiliac, depending on the source.
Generally speaking, lower the headphones' electrical impedance, easier it is to get a higher volume and battery-drainage of your portable device will also be less. That being said, other factors can still limit loudness potential. Then again, it doesn't mean that higher impedance headphones are a letdown when it comes to volume. These will reach high volumes but will do so using high levels of power.
It is veryessential to match the power supply of the audio source with the impedance of your headphone. To avoid any kind of “blow outs”, low impedance headphones can’t be used with powerful amplifiers due to their low threshold limits. Higher impedance headphones displace all hissing sounds produced by high quality headphones. But the downside, is that higher impedance demands higher power, and thus not necessarily work very well with your iPod or Mp3 player, which is why a dedicated headphone amplifier is required to supply enough power to reach high enough listenable volume level.
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Composition roofs are known for being environmentally friendly and have very little impact on the environment. This is due to the roof shingles being made from recycled materials that are no longer being used. Composition roofs have many benefits; they are cost-effective, damage resistant and come in a variety of styles and colours. These are the 3 types of composition shingles that you can use on your roof.
A residential roofing company will refer to a shingle as 3-tab because the shingle is made up of three individual tabs. Each tab is 12 inches wide, and they are all layered on top of each other. 3-tab shingles are the most common type of shingle that is used by a residential roofing company. This type of composition shingle is relatively cheap compared to other shingles and are easy to replace if need be.
They also last for a long period of time and come in warranties of up to 20 to 30 years. 3-tab roofing shingles are asphalt-based products that work by shedding rainwater to the shingle that is layered below it. This means that rainwater flows off your roof easily. Although these shingles are the least expensive composition option, they are the least durable due to them being so light, therefore they may not be a good option if you live in an area that experiences a lot of extreme weather conditions.
Lamination shingles, also known as dimensional shingles, are a close second behind 3-tab shingles when it comes to popularity. Lamination shingles are slightly more durable than 3-tab shingles, as they are at least double the thickness. This type of composition roof shingles is built with a heavier base mat than 3 -tab shingles and have multiple layers of recycled materials.
This means that they last for longer periods of time and rarely need replacing. Laminate shingles typically come with a warranty of 30 to 50 years and are designed to withstand extreme weather conditions. They are slightly more expensive than other types of composition roof shingles, but for the price, you are guaranteed a lot for your money, as they are extremely durable and reliable.
Lastly, there are architectural shingles. It has been said that architectural shingles are the best form of composite roofing shingles that you can purchase. These shingles are usually bigger than 3-tab and laminated shingles, meaning they are even more durable and strong. Architectural shingles come with much better warranties, and never have to be replaced.
They also come with additional features that 3-tab and laminated shingles do not offer. These additional features include resistant coating, which acts as a protective layer on the shingles. This resistant coating will protect the shingles from moss, mould and algae growing on them. These can often cause damage to a roof and often discolour shingles, meaning you get a lot of benefits for your money with architectural shingles.
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Spring is prominent framework developed by Rod Johnson in 2003. It is modular, light weight, open source framework and inversion of control container for the Java platform. Spring is based on POJO model, loose coupling and is non-invasive.
Email (electronic mail) is an effective medium to reach out to masses. In application, a need may arise to use email as mean of communicating with customers. A notification mail has to be send when someone post comment or transaction has been successfully completed etc.
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Presents an illustrated Atlas with detailed maps that highlight scenic routes, national parks and places of interest, accompanied by full-colour photographs, climate charts and "main attractions" fact panels. This work contains top tourist regions, useful contact numbers and travel tips, as well as information on exciting events and festivals.
- Limba : Engleza
- Data Publicarii : 31 Jan 2007
- Format : Paperback
- Numar pagini : 69
- ISBN : 9781845374440
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Turning on grid lines in the Camera app makes it easier to take prettier photos on your iPhone.
Apple has put in a great deal of work to make photography one of the iPhone’s greatest attributes. Numerous features contribute towards this, some of which are not even found in the Camera app itself. One feature that falls in this category is the camera grid lines.
Camera grid lines aid you in following the “Rule of Thirds” of the photography world. Never heard of that before? Well, read on to find out what the rule of thirds is and how you can enable iPhone camera grid lines to implement it.
Using the Rule of Thirds to Take Better Photos
Simply put, the Rule of Thirds in photography states that you can create a stronger image by placing the subject of at the intersection of grid lines splitting the image into thirds. This means the focal point of your image shouldn’t be in the center, but should be either in the left third or the right third of the frame.
Doing this will give your photographs stronger balance and better, and your photos will tend to have a more professional look. You can apply the Rule of Thirds without the grid lines if you’re an experienced photographer, but the iPhone’s camera grid lines are a fantastic aid for beginners.
How to Get Camera Grid Lines on an iPhone
You won’t find an option to enable camera grid lines in the Camera app; you’ll have to go to the Settings app instead:
- Open Settings and go to Camera,
- Under Compositionturn on the toggle for Grid,
- Open the Camera app to confirm if you can see the grid lines on your screen.
You will see two horizontal and two vertical grid lines to make three columns and rows, thus making it easy to implement the Rule of Thirds. Moreover, the grid lines can be seen in every iPhone camera mode.
Boost Your Photography Game With Grid Lines
Grid lines are a perfect guide for photographers, helping them to balance everything in them frame and apply the Rule of Thirds. You can’t enable them in the Camera itself, but they’re worth a minor detour to the Settings app.
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Why we need this Guideline
Despite the high prevalence, eating disorders experienced by people with higher weight have been consistently under-recognised and under-treated, and there has been little to guide clinicians in the management of eating disorders in this population.
In response to this, the NEDC Steering Committee convened a Guideline Development Group (members outlined below) to produce the Management of eating disorders for people with higher weight: clinical practice guideline. The Guideline Development Group included academic and clinical expertise and lived experience.
In 2022, NEDC finalised Management of eating disorders for people with higher weight: clinical practice guideline. The Guideline will be launched by NEDC during a one-hour live stream at 12pm AEST on 19 August 2022. Register for the launch here.
The aim of this Guideline is to synthesise the current best practice approaches to management for people with an eating disorder who are at higher weight, based on the premise that every person with an eating disorder is deserving of equitable, safe, accessible, and evidence-based care regardless of their body size. It accords with the role and function of NEDC to bring together research evidence, clinical expertise and lived experience in national standards to improve systems of care for all Australians.
The Group followed the ‘Guidelines for Guidelines’ process outlined by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) and has undergone extensive review and consultation throughout 2021-22, involving reviews by key stakeholders with academic and/or clinical expertise and/or lived experience.
This Guideline is intended for all health professionals and does not present discipline-specific information. NEDC encourages all health professionals across varied disciplines and settings of practice to read and utilise the Guideline.
Lived experience perspectives
In the boxes below, you will find the perspectives of people with lived experience of eating disorders and high weight on why this Guideline is needed. For Jo and Zoe’s full stories, click here.
Jo Farmer – Lived experience advocate and Guideline Development Group member
“In hindsight, I’ve lived with disordered eating since I was a child. It emerged following some traumatic experiences, but my eating disorder wasn’t first identified until I was 19 years old and presented at my GP in the UK for treatment for another mental illness. At that time, the eating disorder services in my area only accepted people with a low body mass index (BMI). Since moving to Australia at age 21, it's been a long journey of trying to access appropriate treatment, with periods where I've been well and managing, and several periods when I've relapsed. Currently, at age 32, I’d say I’m mostly well, but I still have periods where I binge, and others where I restrict ‘to compensate’, and food and eating remains something I’m hyper-vigilant about.
But along the way, I have also experienced a lot of bad care. Health professionals who have made me feel ashamed for my weight and dismissed my concerns because I don’t look like the stereotypical eating disorder patient. They have frequently centred my weight and weight loss as the primary goal for my health – as though I wasn’t aware I was living at a higher weight! I’ve experienced a range of treatment from dismissive to outright discriminatory.
Far from helping me recover, this care makes me feel worse about myself, usually leading to a worsening of my mental health (and often weight gain). I hope this guideline demonstrates the pernicious effects of weight stigma, right down to the language we use to describe eating disorders as they present in higher weight as somehow different from the same condition at a low weight (e.g., ’atypical anorexia nervosa‘). Everyone is deserving of equitable care, regardless of what their body looks like."
Zoe Bower – Lived experience advocate
“I grew up chubby and as I entered adolescence and adulthood that became ‘overweight’ and then ‘obese’. I have a few physical health issues that caused me pain and discomfort and I was told that losing weight would help and I should eat smaller portions and try to exercise more.
The first time I got this advice I was 10 years old. At age 10, I was told by my doctor that no one would ever love me at my current weight and that following his advice would make me healthier and happier. I followed this advice but never lost weight, so I was repeatedly doubted by many different medical professionals, so they repeated their advice. I missed out on a lot of typical teenage experiences by being at the gym and avoiding situations where I’d have to eat with people.
My eating disorder wasn’t identified until I was admitted to an inpatient mental health unit at aged 20 but, at the time, I wasn’t in a place to treat it as depression and anxiety took priority. It took a few years before I was ready to get treatment for it, and I addressed it with my psychologist of the time. I was told advice that over the course of my life I have become very familiar with: eat less and exercise more. If I lost weight, then there’d be less fuelling the issues behind my disordered eating. Or at least that’s how it was explained to me."
NEDC Guideline Development Group
Click on image above to enlarge.
How can I access the Guideline?
The Guideline will be freely available to access through the NEDC website and as an open-access article in the Journal of Eating Disorders. The guideline will be launched by NEDC during a one-hour live stream at 12:00 AEST on 19 August 2022. Register for the launch here.
Click here for Frequently Asked Questions on the Guideline and the launch of the Guideline.
For enquiries about this Guideline, contact NEDC’s Research Lead, Dr Angelique Ralph.
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It was late September when we first noticed the spike starting to grow. We know from years past, that we wouldn't see the blossoms until Christmastime. This year it was a bit late. In the beginning of January, South Florida saw some continuous, very cold temperatures. It was as low as 38 on several occasions and this very cold snap lasted for two weeks straight. I suppose I should have taken my orchid plants in the house, but I had read too many horror stories of frog and bug invasions, so out in the cold they stayed along with the goldfish in the pond.
It is remarkable to me that the flowers on this orchid have finally decided to open. I thought for sure they were goners.
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How Debt Costs You More Than Money
December 3, 2013
When your debt seems manageable, it is easy to simply slowly chip away it while not concerning yourself about it. After all, if you can make your minimum payments, plus a little extra on occasion, what does it matter? As long as you can “afford” your debt, paying it off doesn’t need to be a priority.
Unfortunately, this attitude could be costing you quite a bit, especially in the long run. The longer you are in debt, the more it costs you. You are much better off if you pay off your debt as quickly as you can. Otherwise, you run the risk of big costs in terms of money, opportunity, and even emotional well-being.
Debt Costs You Money
Whenever you pay interest, you are putting money directly in someone else’s bank account. That interest you pay doesn’t provide you with a benefit in terms of items to purchase, or experiences to enjoy. It’s money you pay for the “privilege” of borrowing and carrying a balance. This is money that you could use, putting it to work for you, rather than lining someone else’s pockets.
The longer you are in debt, the more it will cost you. If you pay only the minimum payment on a credit card, it can, even if you never charge another thing on it, take as long as 10 years to pay off, and result in you paying three or four times more than you originally borrowed. That’s a lot of money that is, essentially, being poured right down the drain when, instead, it could be building your financial future.
Just the interest savings alone is a good reason to work a little harder to pay down your debt as fast as you can.
Debt Costs You Opportunities
When you are paying money in interest, you don’t have as many opportunities to make money. This is because your resources are going elsewhere. You can’t take advantage of the opportunity to make a good investment, or go on a trip, or do any number of other things because your resources are obligated to pay the debt that you owe.
If you have high enough debt, and all you do is make minimum payments, you will soon find that your credit score can be impacted. This means that, if you are approved for a car loan or a mortgage, you won’t have the opportunity to get the best interest rates. On top of that, your poor credit report, lowered by your high credit utilization, might mean that you don’t have the same job opportunities, or access to the same lower insurance premiums that others enjoy.
These opportunity costs can add up, resulting in a great deal of money and financial security compromised over time.
Debt Costs You Your Sanity
Sometimes, it’s not just money. Being in debt can take a toll on many people. Indeed, if you have high debt (and no plan to pay it down) it can impact your own emotional state. This can result in you feeling out of control and unable to direct your own life. You might lose your sanity, you could say!
And of course stress about your debt – and unhappiness about your situation – can affect your relationships. Many marriages experience increased problems due to household debt. Fights, disappointments, and even divorce can result from high debt. On top of that, your relationships with other family members, your children, and your friends can be affected by your emotional discomfort related to debt.
You can feel better – and have a sense of control – when you put together a plan to pay down your debt. Find out what your rights are regarding debt, and put together a plan to pay off your obligations as quickly as possible. Your mood will improve, you’ll save more money, and you will position yourself to take advantage of new opportunities.
Has debt had any of these affects on you? Leave a comment and let us know about it!
This article was originally published October 5, 2012.
All posts by Miranda
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http://moneysmartlife.com/how-debt-costs-you-more-than-money/
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Brief SummaryRead full entry
Tortricoidea, comprised of the single family Tortricidae, are second in terms of species richness only to Gelechioidea among the major microlepidopteran lineages, with just over 9,100 described species (Brown 2005). Several groups within Tortricidae have been considered distinct families by one or more authors over the last century, including Olethreutinae, Chlidanotinae, Cochylini (Phaloniidae), Sparganothini, Ceracini, and others. However, it is now generally accepted that these groups represent subordinate taxa within the family (Horak 1999). Under current concepts, the family is divided into three subfamilies - Chlidanotinae, Tortricinae, and Olethreutinae - into which 22 currently recognized tribes are arranged (Horak 1999).Many tortricids are important pests of agricultural, forest, and ornamental plants. And some, such as the spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens)) and codling moth (Cydia pomonella (L.)), are among the most well studied insects on the planet because of their considerable economic impact. The common name ??tortricideae??? has been applied to the family owing to the larval habit of shelter-building by folding or rolling leaves of the food plant, but the larvae of tortricids employ a wide range of feeding strategies, including gall-inducing, stem- and root-boring, fruit-boring, seed-predating, and flower-feeding. Some of the more unusual feeding modes include leaf litter-feeding (e.g., Epitymbiini), feeding as inquilines in the galls of other insects (e.g., Cydia and Andrioplecta), and predators of coccids (e.g., Accra, Pammene, and Andrioplecta).
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While mask-wearing is not uncommon in SouthEast Asia, the COVID-19 pandemic has made it a reality around the world.However, wearing a mask is not always the most comfortable experience, particularly if you have to wear one for a long time. With mask-wearing in Europe and the UK likely to be commonplace for some time, uncomfortable face masks would make life unpleasant.
Hekas is revolutionizing the facemask experience, because protecting yourself and keeping others safe shouldn’tbe uncomfortable. In Hong Kong, where our masks are made, the climate is hot,humid, and subtropical, with temperatures that regularly reach 35°C (95°F). Ourmasks are designed to be comfortable, breathable, and stylish even in anultra-humid climate, making them feel almost luxurious in gentler Europeanweather!
We want to change the negative perception offace coverings and show that they can be comfortable and fashionable as well assafe.
Hekas face masks are some of the most breathable and effective face masks in the world. Our products show that masks don’t have to be uncomfortable or ugly, and all our mask designs are super breathable, extremely comfortable, and stylish. They can even be used while exercising or playing sports! A Hekas face mask promises to be the perfect fit for your lifestyle.
Our face masks offer ASTM Level 3, CE - TypeIIR, and KF94 certification, ensuring peace of mind and cutting-edge protection for American, European, and Asian markets. With 99.9% BFE/VFE/PFE efficacy and160mmHg fluid resistance, as well as ISO 13485 and 14644-1 Class 7 Clean Room certification, you can rest assured that our masks are certified to the highest degree.
Unfortunately, our masks are designed for one-time use, with an effectiveness of 24 hours wearing time. They should not be washed or reused.
Our masks were originally designed for use in Hong Kong, where the temperature can reach to 35 °C (95 °F), and the climate is warm, humid, and subtropical. As a result, our products offer maximum breathability, comfort, and have the ability to keep you cool underneath. Our masks are designed with a unique 3D fit to create space inside the mask, allowing more ventilation and helping faces stay dry. The masks also come with extremely comfortable ear loops to reduce discomfort during long periods of use.
All our masks are made with three layers of material for maximum filtration and breathability, including a smooth ESPP inner layer that’s gentle on the skin for added comfort.
We know that giving back to the community is a vital part of being a responsible business. As a provider of medical-grade masks, we feel it is our social responsibility to help the medical community as much as possible. As a result, we are donating 10% of our profits to help the NHS in the UK.
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ISIS Destroyed His Home. Now Khalil al-Dakhi Rescues Those They Enslaved.
The phone rings almost constantly for Khalil al-Dakhi these days — dozens of times each week, he says, from desperate families hoping he can help them escape ISIS.
Life has been like this for al-Dakhi since just after ISIS overran his village in northern Iraq last summer, massacring hundreds of Yazidi men throughout the region, taking as many as 3,000 women and children captive and casting many into slavery. Some are forced into marriages. Many are raped. Others are subjected to brutal deaths, such as stoning.
Before ISIS invaded, al-Dakhi was a lawyer. Today, he runs a secret network of contacts deep inside ISIS territory that helps families escape through a modern-day underground railroad.
Nearly 200,000 Yazidis were forced from their homes due to the fighting in Iraq and Syria, so on many days, al-Dakhi visits the sprawling refugee camps where many now live, spreading the word about his network, sharing his contact information and building a vast database of the Yazidi women who’ve escaped ISIS, and those who are still being held.
“I have to find out where they’re holding the Yazidi girls,” he says. “We know where most of them are being held. We’re even in contact with some of them. When they tell me their stories, I find it hard to believe. Sometimes I cry … From what I’ve been told, four out of five of them have been raped.”
In the video below — part of a series of Facebook-first mini-documentaries produced around our new investigation, Escaping ISIS — FRONTLINE followed al-Dakhi as he attempted his biggest rescue mission yet. A man named Faisal had come to him saying that 26 members of his family, including his mother, were being held by ISIS. One of al-Dakhi’s contacts found the family, but getting them to safety would require a two-day walk through one of the most dangerous places on Earth — the border of ISIS territory in northern Iraq.
So far, al-Dakhi’s network has rescued more than 100 people.
The work is dangerous. Three of his men have been killed during attempted rescues. But that hasn’t stopped him. As he explained to FRONTLINE:
“I can’t imagine not seeing my daughter two or three times a day, talk to her, hug her … Now there are hundreds of children like mine who’ve been taken.”
For al-Dakhi’s full story — and more first-hand accounts from women who have escaped the brutal reign of ISIS — watch Escaping ISIS starting tonight at 10 p.m. EST on PBS (check local listings) or in full here on the FRONTLINE website.
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http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/isis-destroyed-his-home-now-khalil-al-dakhi-rescues-those-they-enslaved/
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Words Made Flesh: Scripture Reflections for Year B
Words Made Flesh is an excellent resource for Bishops, Priests and Deacons who prepare homilies and for those who bring Communion to the Sick. But more importantly it nourishes the faith of all those who go to Mass, as well as for those who are homebound.
Fr. Thomas Rosica, distinguished scholar and teacher of the Bible, offers reflections for every Sunday of Year B using insights from the Holy Father and the Saints of the Catholic Church.
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A Wire Electrode inside Parallelepipedicaly-Shaped Ground Inhomogeneity: Comparison of Two Solutions
Keywords:Grounding, moment methods, resistance, nonhomogeneous media
AbstractThe results for the resistance of the wire electrode inside parallelepipedicaly-shaped domain surrounded with homogeneous ground obtained by one recently proposed procedure for modeling described structure are compared with recently published results realized applying one new hybrid boundary element method. The first approach is based on the approximating system wire-parallelepiped with one wire conductor off equivalent length and cross-section radius. The hybrid method is based on equivalent electrodes method and point matching method applied on matching values for potential of wire electrode and normal component of electric field on the boundary surface between conductive media. The quasi-stationary approach is applied.
How to Cite
The copyright for the paper in this journal is retained by the author(s) with the first publication right granted to the journal. The authors agree to the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) agreement under which the paper in the Journal is licensed.
By virtue of their appearance in this open access journal, papers are free to use with proper attribution in educational and other non-commercial settings with an acknowledgement of the initial publication in the journal.
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Spring 2013 - iCourse
April 7, 2013
Nothing Tastes as Good as Skinny Feels
Over thirty three percent of the United States is obese, so one would think being on the heavy side would be socially acceptable. Yet there seems to be some obsession over losing weight in society today. Some achieve weight loss through proper nutrition and exercise; others resort to eating disorders such as bulimia and anorexia. While being the most obese country in the world, America also has the highest mortality rate of eating disorders today (2005). Disorders such as these can involve an extremely low food intake which can be detrimental to a person's health. The main cause of this illness is brought upon by the concern of body weight and shape, but why be so concerned over one's physique? Risking one's life to simply be "skinny" may seem extreme, but that has not stopped people from contracting this disorder; society may be to blame for this increasing problem.
Beauty ideals in society have gone through drastic alterations throughout the decades. During the middle of the eighteenth century, a fleshy and full figure was actually considered a sign of health and prosperity (Perceptions). In the nineteenth century, having an abnormally small waist and large upper and lower body was considered beautiful. In order to obtain this look, women used corsets. This often resulted in shortness of breath and even rib distortion (Reshaping the Body); yet this method was socially acceptable because it achieved a beauty ideal at that time. In the 1920's, the idea of curviness being ideal had ended. During that time feminism had taken over and the "in" look for women was a boyish figure. "They were out to prove that they were every bit as good as...
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Dental Implants Wilmington DE
Dr. Emmi Answers FAQ’s About Permanent Replacement Teeth
What is a Dental Implant?
- A replacement for a lost tooth or teeth
- A substitute for a dental bridge or removable denture
Dental Implants are designed to replace the loss of a permanent tooth or teeth. There is nothing as good as a healthy natural tooth but a properly placed implant is a very acceptable way to replace the loss of natural teeth.
Why is a Tooth Replacement Needed?
- To maintain bone of jaw
- To hold teeth from shifting and cheeks from sinking in
- Aid in speech and eating
- Improve appearance
The loss of natural teeth starts a domino effect of more tooth loss. Once a tooth is lost the remaining teeth take more mechanical load or wear and break down quicker. The remaining teeth also rotate and tip and that can lead to decay, gum problems, and loss of teeth. The jaw bone has one main function and that is to support teeth. Once the teeth are lost the remaining jaw bone starts to resorb or shrink. As we age, mechanical chewing of food in the mouth decreases, which aids in decreased digestion and nutrition. Dentures are 10x less effective in chewing than natural teeth or implants.
How Do I Get A Tooth Implant? How Do I Qualify For Dental Implants?
We have a Smile Solution for your tooth loss. Contact us and ask our staff for a free implant consultation with Dr. Emmi. He will take all necessary radiographs (X-rays) and determine which type of implant your mouth will accept. Call today at Smile Solutions by Emmi Dental Phone Number 302-999-8113 for a FREE DENTAL IMPLANT CONSULTATION!
What Is A Dental Implant Made Of?
The implants we offer have three components that are combined for the final “tooth”. The first is the “fixture” and that is made of titanium and is placed into the jaw as the primary support. After healing, 3-6 months, an impression is taken of fixture and a zirconia (porcelain) abutment and crown is made by a dental laboratory.
Fixture + Abutment + Crown = “A Tooth”
The previous description is the basic procedure for a single tooth replacement. There are many variations depending on the number of teeth needed, location of missing teeth, and type of permanent replacement teeth needed. Dr. Emmi will explain and show you models of the type of implants you have available for your tooth loss situation during your free consult.
Do All Dental Implants Succeed? Why Do Some Implants Fail?
The biggest determinants of implant success are the health of the patient, the amount of bone available for an implant, and the experience of the dentist. We will check your health history for contraindications for implants. The two biggest challenges are Diabetes and smoking. The amount of bone will be evaluated based on a special X-ray machine we have at Smile Solutions called a CBCT. Our Cone Beam x-ray will give Dr. Emmi a 3 dimension view of the area for an implant. Dr. Emmi has studied and placed implants for 10 years, is a Diplomate, at their highest level, with the International College of Oral Implantologist, and has Fellowships from ICOI and The Misch Institute.
Do Dental Implants Hurt?
All this information about titanium placed in jaws et cetera may seem scary and painful but we will explain everything in detail and do our best to make it as comfortable as possible. Most patients experience mild discomfort only for simple implant placement. Please call or email us if you have any questions at all.
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Recently in 2016, a Jain temple was demolished in Lahore (link to news).
There were about 15 Hindu temples standing in Lahore city when partition took place in 1947. Krishna Temple has still got its structure in this legendary bazar. Besides Krishna Temple, Valmiki Temple is the only functional temple in Lahore. Mahadev Mandir, Doodh Wali Mata Mandir and Jain Temple are the other famous temples of the historic city.
Deep within the walled city of Multan, there is a Jain temple. Even before we entered the main room of the temple we could hear a humming sound of children reciting the Quran, memorising it. Inside the hall there were rows of mats with small tables in front of them where children had placed their copies of the Quran, rhythmically moving back and forth as they recited their lesson.
According to historians, Rawalpindi before partition was a very diverse town; home to people from many faiths, such as Sikhs, Hindus, Parsis, Muslims and Jains. Even today, one can see the mark left by these old communities in various parts of old Pindi. The Bhabhar Khana is one such place, surrounded on all sides by Bhabhra Bazaar. The word ‘bhabhar’ is associated with Jain traders and merchants who lived in this neighbourhood before partition. The Gazetteer of Rawalpindi from 1893-94 puts the Jain population of Rawalpindi at more than 5,000. It is said that most of the Bhabhars in Rawalpindi were well-to-do and used to live here, but migrated to India after partition.
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|Institute of Computer Science — Knowledge-Based Systems Research Group|
Heuristic-Based Laser Scan Matching for Outdoor 6D SLAM
Here we want to give another example for a closing loop experiment considering six degrees of freedom. Robot motion and localization on natural surfaces, e.g., driving with a mobile robot outdoor, must regard these degrees of freedom. Scan matching, combined with a heuristic for closed loop detection and a global relaxation method, results in a highly precise mapping system for outdoor environments. Download the paper here.
Andreas Nüchter, Kai Lingemann, Joachim Hertzberg, and Hartmut Surmann. Heuristic-Based Laser Scan Matching for Outdoor 6D SLAM, in KI 2005: Advances in Artificial Intelligence. 28th Annual German Conference on AI, Proceedings Springer LNAI vol. , Koblenz, Germany, September 2005, (accepted). [Get Paper (PDF)] [Get Paper (HTML)]
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http://kos.informatik.uni-osnabrueck.de/download/6Doutdoor/
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I always knew asynchronous programming is awesome. And having a language support for it really help its adoption by limiting the existence of incompatible event frameworks which would be a pain to use together.
However, the asynchronousness is very contaminating. This makes it difficult to make threads and asyncio coexist in a single application as a transition period while the thread model is replaced with the async one. And a smooth transition is of course needed because a series of smaller changes that are separately testable for correctness is a lot easier to develop that one large chunk of rewrite.
Unless I'm mistaken, there's no obvious way to have a function run a coroutine in a given event loop, no matter if the loop in running or not, no matter if it's running in the current context or not. There are at least 3 cases that I can see: 1) The loop isn't running -> run_until_complete is the solution. 2) The loop is running in another context -> we might use call_soon_threadsafe and wait for the result. 3) The loop is running in the current context but we're not in a coroutine -> there's currently not much we can do without some major code change.
What I'd like to propose is that run_until_complete handle all three cases. Including the third, which imply that the event loop could be run recursively.
I also found out that the loop argument to most standard asyncio classes has been deprecated. I think it's pretty crazy as it prevent objects from being instanciated in one thread and used in another. Which would again imply significant code change in one single go for applications trying to switch from threads to asyncio.
Did I miss an obvious way to make the migration from threads to asyncio easier? It becomes harder and harder to not believe that python is purposfully trying to make this kind of migration more painful.
Best regards, Celelibi
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2017 READING CHALLENGE RECOMMENDATIONS
The new year is a time to challenge yourself to reach new […]
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The Development of an Extraordinary Species
We human beings share 98 percent of our genes with chimpanzees. Yet humans are the dominant species on the planet -- having founded civilizations and religions, developed intricate and diverse forms of communication, learned science, built cities, and created breathtaking works of art -- while chimps remain animals concerned primarily with the basic necessities of survival. What is it about that two percent difference in DNA that has created such a divergence between evolutionary cousins? In this fascinating, provocative, passionate, funny, endlessly entertaining work, renowned Pulitzer Prize-winning author and scientist Jared Diamond explores how the extraordinary human animal, in a remarkably short time, developed the capacity to rule the world . . . and the means to irrevocably destroy it.
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|Nurse delivered lifestyle interventions in primary health care to treat chronic disease risk factors associated with obesity: a systematic review.|
|Jump to Full Text|
|PMID: 22973970 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE|
|Nurses in primary health care (PHC) provide an increasing proportion of chronic disease management and preventive lifestyle advice. The databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE and PsychINFO were searched and the articles were systematically reviewed for articles describing controlled adult lifestyle intervention studies delivered by a PHC nurse, in a PHC setting. Thirty-one articles describing 28 studies were analysed by comparison group which revealed: (i) no difference of effect when the same intervention was delivered by a PHC nurse compared to other health professionals in PHC (n = 2); (ii) the provision of counselling delivered by a PHC nurse was more effective than health screening (n = 10); (iii) counselling based on behaviour change theory was more effective than the same dose of non-behavioural counselling when at least three counselling sessions were delivered (n = 3). The evidence supports the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions delivered by nurses in PHC to affect positive changes on outcomes associated with the prevention of chronic disease including: weight, blood pressure, cholesterol, dietary and physical activity behaviours, patient satisfaction, readiness for change and quality of life. The strength of recommendations is limited by the small number of studies within each comparison group and the high risk of bias of the majority of studies.|
|G M Sargent; L E Forrest; R M Parker|
|Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review Date: 2012-09-13|
|Title: Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity Volume: 13 ISSN: 1467-789X ISO Abbreviation: Obes Rev Publication Date: 2012 Dec|
|Created Date: 2012-11-05 Completed Date: 2012-12-31 Revised Date: 2013-07-11|
Medline Journal Info:
|Nlm Unique ID: 100897395 Medline TA: Obes Rev Country: England|
|Languages: eng Pagination: 1148-71 Citation Subset: IM|
|© 2012 The Authors. obesity reviews © 2012 International Association for the Study of Obesity.|
|The Australian Primary Health Care Research Institute (APHCRI), The Australian National University (ANU), Australian Capital Territory, Canberra, Australia. Ginny.Sargent@gmail.com|
|APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex|
prevention & control
Obesity / prevention & control*
Outcome Assessment (Health Care)
Primary Health Care / methods*, standards
Risk Reduction Behavior*
Journal ID (nlm-ta): Obes Rev
Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Obes Rev
Journal ID (publisher-id): obr
Publisher: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford, UK
Obesity Reviews © 2012 International Association for the Study of Obesity
Received Day: 30 Month: 5 Year: 2012
Accepted Day: 30 Month: 7 Year: 2012
Print publication date: Month: 12 Year: 2012
Volume: 13 Issue: 12
First Page: 1148 Last Page: 1171
PubMed Id: 22973970
|Nurse delivered lifestyle interventions in primary health care to treat chronic disease risk factors associated with obesity: a systematic review|
|G M Sargent|
|L E Forrest|
|R M Parker|
|The Australian Primary Health Care Research Institute (APHCRI), The Australian National University (ANU), Australian Capital TerritoryCanberra, Australia
|Correspondence: Address for correspondence: Dr G Sargent, The Australian Primary Health Care Research Institute (APHCRI), Level 1, Ian Potter House, Cnr Marcus Clarke & Gordon Streets, The Australian National University (ANU), Canberra 0200, Australia. E-mail: Ginny.Sargent@gmail.com
Re-use of this article is permitted in accordance with the Terms and Conditions set out at http://wileyonlinelibrary.com/onlineopen#OnlineOpen_Terms
The international rise in obesity rates over the last three decades has been accompanied by an increase in preventable chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, stroke, arthritis and some cancers (1). Internationally, chronic diseases are managed in a variety of health care settings and their prevention is increasingly becoming a priority for primary health care (PHC) which is the first point of contact with the health system.
Nurses are an integral part of any multidisciplinary PHC team and have roles that continue to develop and expand in response to financial incentive, medical practitioner shortages and an imperative to decrease pressure on hospitals (2–5). Nurses in PHC are assuming an increasing proportion of the chronic disease management and preventive health advice (6). A systematic review of the literature of PHC nursing interventions provides strong international evidence to support the effectiveness of PHC nurses in a diverse range of roles including chronic disease management, illness prevention, health promotion and achievement of good patient compliance in treating chronic conditions, when assessed using quality of care measures (mortality, quality of care, compliance, knowledge, satisfaction), and use of resources (7).
Lifestyle change interventions focus on increasing healthy behaviours at the individual level and reducing chronic disease risk by controlling physiological variables known to be associated with chronic disease onset. Systematic reviews provide strong evidence that lifestyle interventions are effective in: preventing weight gain in adults who are obese (8), decreasing hypertension (8,9), positively affecting lipid levels (9), and reducing the onset of type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome (8).
Little is known to inform the components of PHC nursing interventions for the prevention and management of chronic diseases associated with obesity. This is the first systematic review to compile the evidence regarding lifestyle change intervention effect, when delivered by PHC nurses, without restricting outcomes to those of cardiovascular disease risk (10). The aims of this research were to: (i) review the evidence of intervention effectiveness to change lifestyle risk factors when delivered by PHC nurses in a PHC setting; and (ii) inform the direction of future research to evaluate PHC nursing interventions to reduce lifestyle risk factors associated with overweight, obesity and preventable chronic diseases in adults.
The key question informing this systematic review was: What does the published literature report on the effectiveness of interventions for adults which aim to affect change in lifestyle risk factors for chronic diseases that are associated with overweight and obesity, when these are delivered by a PHC nurse in a PHC setting?
Articles were eligible if they: described interventions with a lifestyle change component, were delivered to adults by a PHC nurse in a PHC setting, and reported quantitative outcomes on risk factors associated with obesity including: anthropometric, physiologic, behavioural or psychosocial. Randomized and non-randomized controlled trials (RCTs and non-RCTs) were included.
Papers were limited to primary sources, published in English. Articles were excluded if they: did not report outcomes for adults; involved treatment of severe mental health disorders; involved pharmaceutical treatment or if participants were using medications that were likely to affect primary outcomes (e.g. anti-hypertensive when blood pressure was a primary outcome); or involved surgical treatment. Studies reporting effect on smoking cessation or alcohol intake were excluded where this was the main focus of intervention, and included, if there were lifestyle change outcomes of interest, as interventions focused on smoking cessation have been reported elsewhere (13). Articles that did not clearly describe the involvement of either a PHC setting or PHC nurse delivery were excluded. No restrictions were placed on the primary outcome measure, the year of publication, length of intervention, follow-up period or format of the comparison group. To the best of our knowledge, all articles were peer reviewed.
Major health and medicine databases of published literature, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsychINFO and EMBASE, were searched in September 2010. The bibliographies of included articles were hand searched to locate articles not catalogued in these databases.
The database search strategy (Supporting Information Table S1) was constructed with the assistance of a specialist librarian, using medical subject headings (MeSH), and five groups of keywords. Articles retrieved by the search strategy had at least one term from each of the five groupings: (i) PHC setting (including general practice, family practice, primary care, medical staff, nursing staff, physician's office or community health); (ii) nurse delivery (including nurse practitioners, practice nurses, occupational health nurses and public health nurses, community nurses or health visitors); (iii) intervention evaluation studies (including treatment, therapy, intervention, management assessment or delivery); (iv) lifestyle change interventions (including dietary, physical activity, behaviour, health education or chronic disease management); and (v) evaluation of outcomes associated with obesity treatment (anthropometric or behavioural). A sixth group limited results by excluding articles outside the scope of the review. Word truncation and wildcards allowed for variations in spelling and word endings. Database limits for English full text were applied. Search terms were adjusted slightly for each database.
A reference management program (EndNote X1.0.1, Thomson™) was used to manage the included articles and remove book chapters and theses. The search function was used to exclude articles when the title contained the following keywords that were outside the scope of this review: dialysis, urinary, eating disorder, HIV, oncology, haemodialysis, ulcer, literature review or guideline.
Using an inclusion/exclusion criteria checklist, two reviewers (LF and GS) independently screened the title and abstracts of articles resulting in 87% reviewer concordance. Non-concordant articles were resolved by consensus or retained for full-text review if agreement was not reached. Full-text articles were reviewed (GS and LF) using an eligibility checklist. If clarification was necessary, the article was independently reviewed by a second reviewer (RP, LF or GS). Further library searches were conducted using the names of authors of included studies to identify subsequent or preliminary papers for those studies. The paper reporting the post-intervention outcome measures was regarded as the primary source.
Data from publication describing included studies were extracted systematically by one reviewer (GS) into a database described elsewhere (14,15). No further information was sought from the authors. Data describing interventions that were reported in more than one article were extracted together. A second reviewer (LF) verified outcome tables.
The following components of each intervention were recorded for comparative purposes: study design, intervention setting, setting recruitment, the involvement of PHC nurse/s in intervention delivery, personnel training as part of the intervention, behaviour change targets, target participants, participant recruitment, group treatment (comparison and intervention groups), number of contacts, treatment duration and outcomes.
The risk of bias was assessed for individual studies according to adequate control of: selection bias or allocation bias, detection bias, attrition bias and reporting bias (15,16). Each study was scored for methodological limitations and risks of bias during data extraction (Table 1 and Supporting Information Table S2). An overall indication of quality according to the methodological limitations and risk of bias is also indicated. Randomized and non-randomized trials were assessed using the same criteria and studies were not excluded on the basis of risk of bias.
Comparison groups were often recorded within group changes; however, the outcomes reported here are restricted to outcome measures that were significantly (P < 0.05) different from the comparison group. Outcomes reporting smoking cessation and change in alcohol consumption were not extracted.
Because of the heterogeneity of outcome measures, neither a meta-analysis nor evidence profile on outcomes was appropriate. Results are instead synthesized, presented and discussed according to comparison group. The methodological limitations and risk of bias are presented for each study in the outcome tables and are discussed descriptively.
The database search identified 3,491 papers. The review process identified 31 articles describing 28 studies that were eligible for inclusion (Fig. 1). These studies involved a total of 10,759 participants and took place in the United Kingdom (n = 9), United States (n = 13), Finland (n = 4), the Netherlands (n = 1) and New Zealand (n = 1).
Twenty-two of the studies were RCTs, and the remaining six were non-RCTs. Three studies reported strong methodological rigour with no serious limitations and a low risk of bias (17–20). The remainder was assessed to have serious limitations and at least moderate (n = 5) or high (n = 20) risk of bias (Table 1).
About 14 of the 28 studies described nurses delivering behavioural counselling in an appointment between 5 and 30 min using theoretically based behaviour change techniques such as stage matching, motivational interviewing to enhance readiness for change or goal setting. Most of these described providing training prior to intervention delivery.
One study with no serious limitations and a low risk of bias (17) and one study with serious limitations and a high risk of bias (21) directly compared delivery of the same intervention by different health professionals in a PHC setting (Table 2). The interventions involved either two (17) or nine (21) contacts with a health professional. Significant changes were seen within all six treatment groups for anthropometric outcome measures over the short term with no adverse effects reported. There was no evidence that delivery by a PHC nurse, following brief training, affected outcomes differently compared to delivery by a dietitian (17), a psychologist or a social worker (21) (each with prior experience in delivering weight reduction counselling).
There is good evidence (Table 3) from one high-quality study with a low risk of bias that behavioural counselling delivered by a nurse is significantly more effective than screening alone to increase physical activity levels and improve quality of life over a 1-year intervention, and that these may be maintained at a 2-year follow-up (18,19). This study did however observe more falls and injuries in the group of participants that undertook more physical activity and did not record significant anthropometric or physiological outcomes. One study with moderate risk of bias (22) indicated that 1 month of behavioural counselling may significantly affect positive changes in readiness and intent for physical activity when compared with screening alone. Two further studies, with a high risk of bias, offer supporting evidence that behavioural counselling is more effective than screening alone across a variety of outcomes (23,24).
Six studies with a moderate (n = 1) to high (n = 5) risk of bias investigated the effect of traditional counselling (without the use of theoretical behaviour change strategies) compared with screening alone (Table 4). Interventions involved between 1 (5 min) and 20 counselling sessions and follow-up measures were taken between 3 months and 17 years from baseline. All intervention arms that involved nurse counselling following screening demonstrated significantly higher post-intervention changes in anthropometric, physiological or behaviour change outcomes, compared to screening. Significant changes were reported for: weight reduction (25,26), systolic and diastolic blood pressure reduction (26,27), cholesterol profile improvements (n = 3) (26–29), favourable dietary intake by self-report (26,28,30) and quantitative biomarkers (n = 3) (28). Significant intervention effect was not maintained at 17-year follow-up (27).
Four studies with a high risk of bias reported testing PHC nurse delivery of the same dose of counselling comparing traditional counselling with counselling based on behaviour change theory (31–34). Three interventions were delivered in three to five contacts, each reported significantly greater intervention effect for participants who received behavioural counselling than traditional counselling (Table 5). No intervention effect was reported when 5 min of counselling tailored to the participants' stage of change was compared to usual care or provision of written material only (34).
Four studies with a low (20) and high (35–37) overall risk of bias compared a low dose of traditional counselling with a higher dose of behavioural counselling (Table 6). High-quality evidence with a low risk of bias supports the use of a high dose (13 contacts) of behavioural counselling to improve patient satisfaction (20). The studies with a high risk of bias indicate that higher doses of counselling based on theories of behaviour change may result in significantly higher changes than low doses of traditional counselling, and these are evidenced by changes in: anthropometry (32,35), blood pressure (33), cholesterol profile (35), physical activity (33,37), dietary intake (31,32,35), stage of readiness and intention for behaviour change (37).
Four studies tested the effect of a low dose of counselling (one or two contacts) compared with a higher dose (≥3, Table 7) of traditional counselling (38–40) or behavioural counselling (41). Self-reported dietary intake was significantly improved when three additional brief (3–5 min) counselling sessions were delivered (38). Adherence to recommendations and self-reported physical activity were significantly higher when up to 20 additional contacts were delivered (41).
A prescription for physical activity was delivered by a nurse in one study with a low risk of bias (18) (group 1). However, the treatment effect may not be attributable to this prescription component, hence this group was excluded from further analysis.
One intervention, with a moderate risk of bias, reported that the immediate provision of cholesterol readings using point-of-care equipment did not result in significantly different cholesterol readings at 3-month follow-up (42) (Table 8). Another supports the provision of a written prompt regarding high-fibre dietary choices and reduced fat options to improve fruit and vegetable intake and reduce weight (43) (group 3). The provision of high potassium, low sodium table salt to encourage reduction of sodium chloride intake resulted in adverse side effects and was not recommended (43) (group 2). A RCT with a high risk of bias supported dietary counselling by nurses, providing some evidence that training nurses in the use of a dietary risk assessment tool resulted in significant effects on dietary intake and weight change of participants over 3 months, with changes in dietary intake maintained over 12 months (44). Another study with a high risk of bias reported that nurse delivery of a written prompt did encourage participants to seek health-related information from their general practitioner (45).
This is the first systematic review to synthesize the international evidence regarding the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical lifestyle interventions for adults with the aim of reducing risk factors for preventable chronic diseases associated with obesity that were delivered by PHC nurses in a PHC setting. This synthesis contributes to the existing knowledge regarding the effectiveness of: nursing interventions in PHC to achieve changes in lifestyle risk factors for cardiovascular disease (10,46–49); lifestyle interventions to prevent cardiovascular disease (9,50,51) and manage obesity (8,52,53); lifestyle interventions in PHC (54,55); and prevention and health promotion in nursing (56).
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) concludes that changes in physiological measures such as glucose metabolism, lipid levels, blood pressure, as well as weight loss provide indirect evidence of intervention effect on long-term health outcomes (57), and these diverse measures are reflected in the interventions included in this review. The significant outcomes indicate that healthy lifestyle interventions delivered by PHC nurses can be effective over a variety of anthropometric, physiological and behavioural risk factors for chronic diseases associated with obesity.
The effectiveness of lifestyle interventions delivered by nurses, given appropriate training, is comparable to delivery by other PHC professionals with no adverse effects (17,21). This is consistent with existing literature regarding the effectiveness of nurses in PHC when compared to a PHC physician (7,9,58–62).
The USPSTF was unable to locate evidence regarding the effectiveness of screening for obesity alone (63,64). However, the provision of coronary risk information, with or without counselling, has proven effective in increasing intent to commence therapy (65). In any prospective controlled trial, the process of data collection and screening for eligibility is likely to act as an intervention in itself; hence, it is very difficult to assess the effect of an intervention compared with no intervention. Screening for risk is an essential antecedent to intervention in PHC (55), hence an essential component of lifestyle intervention to prevent chronic diseases associated with obesity. However, evidence in this review, although of mixed quality, consistently supports the provision of some dose of counselling (1–20 contacts) by nurses compared to screening alone.
The USPSTF recommends that clinicians offer high intensity counselling (≥2 contacts per month for 3 months, or a total of 6 h) and behavioural interventions to achieve weight loss in obese adults (57) and reduce cardiovascular risk factors in adults (50), or medium intensity counselling (between 31 min and 6 h) to affect significant changes in dietary and physical activity behaviours (50,55). The results of this systematic review support this, as results indicate that delivery of counselling in three or more contacts may result in significantly higher change in self-reported behaviour change for dietary and physical activity behaviours. However, there was insufficient evidence to support the use of a higher dose of intervention when assessed using anthropometric or physiological outcomes such as weight, blood pressure, cholesterol profile or fitness. There was little evidence to support low intensity counselling; however, take-home written prompts may be a useful adjunct to nurse counselling interventions in PHC.
Counselling for lifestyle change in PHC has traditionally taken the form of advice regarding recommendations to meet guidelines. More recently, behavioural counselling in lifestyle interventions has been based on psychological theoretical frameworks such as the theory of planned behaviour (66), concepts such as the transtheoretical model of health behaviour change (67), and the use of strategies such as motivational interviewing (68) and goal setting (69). Results of this review indicate that behavioural counselling strategies delivered by nurses in PHC have an effect on increasing participants' readiness for change and establishing intent for behaviour change. Those interventions that conducted a sub-analysis on participant stage of change reported that the greatest benefit was gained in the subgroup of participants that moved from an early stage of change (pre-contemplation of contemplation) to a later stage (action or maintenance). This review lends further support to the building literature describing the outcomes of counselling in PHC (50,54,70–72).
Many articles did not sufficiently report the methods of randomization, allocation concealment, blinding of outcome assessment, or describe conducting a power calculation to determine target sample size. This may indicate that either of these were not performed, or that they were not reported adequately. Only three of the included articles were considered to have no serious methodological limitations and a low risk of bias. It is necessary to acknowledge the difficulties involved in running RCTs with a low risk of bias in free-living populations, especially those that aim to test the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical preventive healthcare interventions such as dietary, physical activity or other lifestyle change (73).
Small numbers of participants and high attrition rates may have limited the ability of some studies to reach significance for some outcomes and result in over-reporting of outcomes in the absence of intention to treat analyses. The included studies mainly recruited participants with high motivation to participate and few studies indicated that they used process measures to monitor the realization of intervention delivery. Short intervention duration, lack of long-term follow-up and low variety of outcome measures limited the ability of some interventions to evaluate intervention effect.
The heterogeneity of the included studies limited the opportunity for quantitative synthesis of outcome effect. The strength of recommendations is limited by the small number of studies within each comparison group analyses and the high risk of bias of the majority of studies. Authors were not contacted for extra information; hence missing information may reflect reporting bias, not necessarily limitations in the implementation rigour.
The evidence supports the effectiveness of lifestyle intervention delivered by nurses in PHC to affect positive changes on a variety of outcomes associated with the prevention of chronic disease associated with obesity including weight, blood pressure, cholesterol, dietary and physical activity behaviours, patient satisfaction and quality of life. Outcomes were significantly higher if nurses provided at least one counselling session following initial screening for health risk.
This systematic review synthesizes the best available evidence in the context of informing future lifestyle interventions delivered by nurses in PHC. Further research is needed that: (i) has a low risk of bias; (ii) uses a variety of outcome measures that reflect known risk factors for chronic disease including anthropometric, physiological, behavioural and psychosocial intervention effects; (iii) explores training requirements for effective nurse delivery of lifestyle interventions; (iv) explores the efficacy of counselling using theoretical frameworks for behaviour change; and (v) examines the effect of dose.
The research reported in this paper is a project of the Australian Primary Health Care Research Institute, which is supported by a grant from the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing under the Primary Health Care Research, Evaluation and Development Strategy. The information and opinions contained in it do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing.
There are no conflicts of interest for any of the three authors.
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Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article:
Table S1. MEDLINE (OVID) search strategy conducted 13-9-10, highlighting the six groupings of search terms.Click here for additional data file (obr0013-1148-SD1.doc)
Table S2. Risk of bias of included articles (Supporting Information for Table S1). Each category scored as Adequate (A), Inadequate (I), Not done (N) or Unclear (U).Click here for additional data file (obr0013-1148-SD2.doc)
[Figure ID: fig01]
Flow of papers through selection process using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses format (11).
Summary of methodological limitations and risk of bias (full information is available as Supporting Information online)
|First author and year||Validated measures adequacy||Randomization||Risk of selection or allocation bias||Blinding adequacy||Risk of performance and detection bias||Risk of attrition bias||Evidence of outcome measure reporting bias||Overall rating|
|Balch 1976 (21)||Unclear||Adequate||×||Not done||×||××||Nil||××|
|Baron 1990 (28)||Adequate||Adequate||××||Inadequate||×||✓||Yes||×|
|Gemson 1990 (38)||Unclear||Adequate||×||Unclear||×||×||Yes||××|
|Beresford 1992 (30)||Adequate||Adequate||××||Not done||×||×||Yes||××|
|Karvetti 1992 (26)||Adequate||Adequate||××||Not done||×||××||Nil||××|
|Robertson 1992 (42)||Adequate||Adequate||×||Adequate||✓||×||Nil||×|
|Neil 1995 (17)||Adequate||Adequate||✓||Adequate||✓||✓||Yes||✓|
|Sander 1996 (45)||Unclear||Adequate||××||Inadequate||×||××||Nil||××|
|Bakx 1997 (27)||Adequate||Adequate||××||Not done||×||××||Nil||××|
|Roderick 1997 (35)||Adequate||Adequate||××||Unclear||×||Yes||××|
|Anderson 1999 (39)||Adequate||Adequate||××||Not done||×||××||Nil||××|
|Naylor 1999 (34)||Adequate||Adequate||××||Not done||××||Nil||××|
|Sims 1999 (36)||Adequate||Not done||Non-RCT ××||Adequate||✓||×||Nil||××|
|Steptoe 1999 (33)||Unclear||Adequate||✓||Not done||×||×||Yes||××|
|Gold 2000 (24)||Adequate||Not done||Non-RCT ××||Not done||×||××||Nil||××|
|Dubbert 2002 (41)||Adequate||Adequate||×||Adequate||✓||✓||Nil||×|
|Ammerman 2003 (44)||Adequate||Adequate||×||Not done||×||×||Yes||××|
|Aittasalo 2004 (23)||Adequate||Adequate||××||Not done||×||×||Nil||××|
|Little 2004 (22)||Adequate||Adequate||✓||Inadequate||×||✓||Yes||×|
|Little 2004 (43)||Adequate||Adequate||✓||Not done||×||✓||Nil||×|
|Purath 2004 & 2005 (37,75)||Adequate||Adequate||×||Not done||×||×||Yes||××|
|Kinnunen 2007 (32)||Adequate||Not done||Non-RCT ×||Not done||×||✓||Nil||××|
|Kinnunen 2007 (31)||Adequate||Not done||Non-RCT ××||Not done||×||×||Nil||××|
|Speck 2007 (29)t||Adequate||Not done||Non-RCT ×||Not done||×||×||Yes||××|
|Lawton 2009 & Rose 2007 (18,19)||Adequate||Adequate||✓||Adequate||✓||✓||Yes||✓|
|McTigue 2009 (25)||Adequate||Not done||Non-RCT ××||Not done||×||×||Yes||××|
|Whittemore 2009 (20)||Adequate||Adequate||✓||Adequate||✓||✓||Nil||✓|
|Faucher 2010 (40)||Unclear||Adequate||×||Inadequate||×||××||Nil||××|
✓ No serious limitations and low risk of bias; × Serious limitations and some risk of bias; ×× Very serious limitations and high risk of bias.
RCT, randomized controlled trial.
Delivery by PHC nurses compared with other health professionals in PHC: intervention description, participant characteristics and outcomes of studies that compared effects. Results presented according to risk of bias, with lowest risk of bias first
PHC nurse delivered behavioural counselling for lifestyle change compared with screening: intervention description, participant characteristics and outcomes of studies that compared effects. Results presented according to risk of bias, with lowest risk of bias first
PHC nurse counselling (non-behavioural) for lifestyle change compared with screening: intervention description, participant characteristics and outcomes of studies that compared effects. Results presented according to risk of bias, with lowest risk of bias first
Same dose of PHC nurse delivered lifestyle counselling based on behaviour change theories, compared to traditional counselling: intervention description, participant characteristics and outcomes of studies that compared effects. Results presented according to risk of bias, with lowest risk of bias first, then reversed chronologically
PHC nurse delivering a low dose of non-behavioural counselling compared with higher dose of behavioural counselling: intervention description, participant characteristics and outcomes of studies that compared effects. Results presented according to risk of bias, with lowest risk of bias first, then reversed chronologically
Low dose of counselling compared to high dose: intervention description, participant characteristics and outcomes of studies that compared effects. Results presented according to risk of bias, with lowest risk of bias first
PHC nurse's use of prompts or diagnostic tools: intervention description, participant characteristics and outcomes of studies that compared effects. Results presented according to risk of bias, with lowest risk of bias first
Keywords: Chronic disease prevention, lifestyle intervention, nursing, primary health care.
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U.S. working on plan to designate who cares for sick
WASHINGTON (AP) A super-flu could kill up to 1.9 million Americans, according to a draft of the government's plan to fight a worldwide epidemic.
Officials are rewriting that plan to designate not just who cares for the sick but who will keep the country running amid the chaos, said an influenza specialist who is advising the government on those decisions.
"How do you provide food, water ... basic security for the population?" asked Michael Osterholm of the University of Minnesota, a government adviser who has a copy of the draft plan and described it for the Associated Press.
"This is a much more comprehensive view than has previously been detailed," he said in an interview Saturday.
The Bush administration has spent the last year updating its plan for how to fight the next flu pandemic. While it is impossible to say when one will strike, the fear is that the bird flu in Asia could trigger one if it mutates to start spreading easily among people.
A recent draft of the plan, first reported Saturday by The New York Times, models what might happen based on the last century's three pandemics.
In a best-case scenario, about 200,000 people might die.
But if the next pandemic resembles the birdlike 1918 Spanish flu, as many as 1.9 million could die, Osterholm said. Millions more would be ill, overwhelming hospitals.
"You plan for the worst-case scenario," he said. "If it's less than that, thank God."
The government has on hand enough of the anti-flu drug Tamiflu to treat 4.3 million people. Manufacturing of $100 million worth of a bird flu vaccine just began.
The draft makes clear that tens of millions more doses of each would be needed. That is far more than the world has the capacity to manufacture quickly.
To finish that draft plan, federal health officials for several weeks have been role-playing what would happen if a super-flu struck now — not next year, after more medicines and vaccines have been stockpiled.
The strategy, Osterholm said, is, "Don't emphasize what you can buy, emphasize what you can get your hands on. If it happens tonight, how do you deal with order?"
For example, health workers would need to wear special masks, known as N-95 masks, to prevent infection while treating patients. Two U.S. companies produce 90% of the world's supply and "we'll run out overnight," Osterholm said.
Also being considered is the possibility that Tamiflu will not be powerful enough to treat someone already sick, but could protect against illness if given beforehand. So who would get the 4.3 million doses?
Health and Human Services Secretary Mike Leavitt recently met with Cabinet secretaries to get other federal agencies to determine their role in stemming rioting at vaccine clinics; when to close schools; how to keep gasoline, electricity, food and water supplies running; and how to manage the economic fallout.
State health officers also are being asked for input, Osterholm said.
"The HHS plan is going to be the foundation of a larger government-wide plan," said Leavitt's spokeswoman, Christina Pearson. "Beyond health care, there are issues with banks and schools, and that states and other place have to have their own plans."
Copyright 2005 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
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Gainsborough is the next area to be updated with more cost-effective streetlighting.
In light of ongoing funding cuts, Lincs County Council is looking to save £1.7 million from its annual £5m streetlighting budget.
This will be achieved through the following measures, which will be introduced countywide, 17,000 of the county’s 68,000 lights will be swapped for low-energy LED ones which can be dimmed, ‘part-night’ lighting is being introduced in certain, mostly residential, areas, where lights will turn on at dusk and remain on until midnight. Lights will then be switched off until 6am. This will affect 38,000 street lights, and up to 3,000 street lights, away from built up areas, have been identified for possible switch off, subject to further assessments
The changes are taking place in phases between April 2016 and March 2017, with Gainsborough the next location to be updated.
Executive Member for Highways and Transport, Councillor Richard Davies, said: “The council’s budget has been cut by more than £100m over the last few years, and we need to save a further £41m this year.
“We simply can’t afford to do everything we’ve done in the past.
“Streetlights are expensive, and, frankly, many of them do not need to be on during the small hours of the morning – all they are doing is burning taxpayers’ money.
“The evidence shows that, by turning these lights off at times when there is less traffic, we can save money without affecting the majority of road users. And by saving money in this way, we can protect other vital areas, like the pothole budget.
“Of course, public safety remains an overriding concern, so at every location, we’ll give careful consideration to the effects of any reduction in lighting. In some places, changes won’t be appropriate, so we’ll keep things as they are.”
For more details on the streetlight transformation project, visit www.lincolnshire.gov.uk/streetlighting.
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Advocating for the rights of deaf prisoners
Several Gallaudet University students are working to improve the American justice system for the deaf by interning with Helping Educate to Advance the Rights of the Deaf (HEARD), a D.C.-based nonprofit organization.
HEARD recently was featured in two episodes of Al Jazeera America series "America Tonight." "Deaf In Prison" focused on the plight of deaf and hard of hearing inmates in prisons throughout the United States, and HEARD kicked off a #DeafinPrison social media campaign during which it promoted the Al Jazeera episodes on YouTube.
Corinna Hill is one of the Gallaudet students who helped HEARD with its outreach efforts. "I grew up thinking that the prison system was fair, and now I realize it has flaws," said Corinna, a Boonsboro, Md., native and Honors student who majored in history. "Innocent deaf Americans are sitting in prison."
HEARD is a volunteer-run organization founded by American University law student Talila Lewis. After a semester-long externship with the D.C. Public Defense Service, Lewis set a mission: to improve communication accessibility for deaf prisoners and fight for those who have been wrongfully convicted.
"Only five prisons in the U.S. have videophones - Virginia, Vermont, Kentucky, Wisconsin, and Maine," Lewis said.
There also are numerous cases of allegedly innocent deaf Americans who have been imprisoned for years, unable to tell their story and without access to interpreters or even a TTY.
HEARD's goal is to travel across the nation educating people about these injustices and promoting equality and freedom for those who have been silenced. Telling people about these situations is just the first step. This is where Corinna's skills came into the picture. Corinna worked on the ground to involve people in sharing HEARD's message. As HEARD's community engagement coordinator, she gathered data from D.C.'s deaf residents. From this data, she developed an informational video encouraging the deaf community to get involved in advocating for the HEARD agenda.
The three-year-old organization also has the nation's only database of deaf prisoners. As a result, other organizations and universities look to HEARD for information and guidance.
Corinna worked with a group of 10 Cornell University students who came to D.C. for a weeklong immersion session learning about HEARD's daily operations.
One of Corinna's biggest accomplishments was presenting testimony to the Maryland House of Delegates in February, urging them to launch the Deaf Culture Digital Library (DCDL). The library system would allow members of the legal and judicial system to access essential information about the needs and accessibility provisions required to prevent communication barriers with members of the deaf and hard of hearing community.
"The DCDL will become an online state resource for the public and legal system to use to learn how to work with the deaf community," Corinna said.
Lewis said she was impressed with Corinna's initiative on projects.
"My goal with the internships I offer is to help both deaf and hearing interns take action in deaf rights in a bicultural environment without communication barriers," Lewis said.
While Corinna acquired many valuable skills, she said it was the new awareness she developed through her internship that was invaluable.
"I benefited from this internship because of my interest in criminal justice, and I got to develop more communication skills," Corinna said.
Although Corinna finished her internship in May, she is still volunteering with the organization.
Corinna Hill graduated in May 2014 with University Honors. Her Honors Capstone thesis was on "The Social Integration of Civil War Veterans with Hearing Loss: The Roles of Government and Media."
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LEARN2SOAR NEWS: June 2013
Junior Assembly Songs Remix & New Assembly Material
Songs 4 Assemblies KS2 was originally written and recorded back in 2004. Since then a lot of things have changed and some of the assembly themes clearly needed altering, particularly the assembly about Lance Armstrong being a good role model!!! We have therefore edited and rewritten some of the assembly scripts and while we were remastering the CD, we also took the opportunity to either remix or re-record every song on the album. We’ve also added PowerPoint words and redesigned the CD ROM section. All in all, this CD has been given a serious polish and we’re sure you’ll love the results!
If you purchased the previous version of this product (purchased before June 2013) and would like to upgrade, then download customers can do so for free, just email us at email@example.com with the details of your previous order. If you purchased the CD version, then upgrade by purchasing the £6 ‘EXTRA CD’ option from the drop down on the ‘Songs 4 Assemblies KS2’ page.
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- Nobody Really Knows What They’re Doing. I remember when I was a new superintendent and I attended the “Sullivan Superintendents Monthly Meeting.” This was a meeting held at the Sullivan Country Club hosted by the Sullivan superintendent and the monthly attendance included 30 to 50 area superintendents. There were two rules for this meeting: first was that whatever was said in the meeting could not be repeated outside the meeting, and you had to be a superintendent to attend. One of the reasons for the great turnout was the delicious fish sandwich the country club prepared for the lunch. As a new superintendent, I sat back and listened to the questions and comments from the veteran superintendents and learned how to handle many superintendent job responsibilities. I also learned that some problems did not have standard answers and we all learned from each other. We talked, we laughed, we commiserated, and we celebrated. Most of all, I discovered that I was not the only one who did not have all the answers, and learned to listen and learn. Later in my tenure I discovered the Bloomington-Normal area and Lake County instituted similar meetings for local superintendents. The Lake County group even called it the Sullivan meeting.
- Building Relationships Is Essential. This is one lesson I valued more and more as I became more experienced in my role as a superintendent. Relationships with board members, community members, education staff, students and others help leaders know the community better and learn what the community wants its education leaders to do. One recommendation I have told many new superintendents is that you do not own the school district like a business person owns a company. As a superintendent you are the CEO and the board consists of seven elected board members. These board members are the representatives of the community. You need to listen to their desires for the educational system.
- You Cannot Control People. This lesson took me awhile to learn. I thought just because I said something, everybody would do it. I really learned this as a principal when I would make suggestions to teachers and find that they only demonstrated the skill, if they demonstrated it at all, when I was observing their class. Adults need to believe in the change to incorporate the change into their daily routines. It is an art to get employees to do what you want them to do and persuade them to believe themselves it is best for their own performance.
- Leadership and People Management are Different Skills. I like this author’s description of leadership vs. management: “Leadership is the action of leading a group of people or an organization, while management is the process or responsibility of running an organization.” In my opinion, leadership is more important than management. How much time do you spend on leadership functions vs. the amount of time you spend on management functions? When I am working with building level administrators I talk about this all the time. Leadership is working with people; management is doing the routine functions such as supervision, student discipline, student attendance, scheduling and the like. For superintendents, budget and school finance, transportation are management functions. Leadership is working with and developing skills in employees.
- Leadership Is About Letting Go. Superintendents need to get the correct people on the right seats on the bus. This is much harder than it sounds in the education arena. Superintendents have all kinds of roads to navigate in regard to moving people around. Teachers have tenure, administrators have contracts, support personnel are protected by unions, community norms and values dictate rate and type of change that will be supported, and relatives of employees often block change. Leaders need to look at the most important positions that can effectuate change in others. Getting the right people in central office leadership positions, developing building leaders to lead with conviction, and working with the school board to support the changes that need to be made, are vital for success. After getting the correct people in these positions, developing these leaders and then letting them lead and do their job is the most important function for the superintendent.
Embedded Principal Development Works Better
Most of us would probably agree that “one and done” type of professional development for either teachers or administrators does not work well. The next obvious question to ask is why do districts continue to provide this type of training for teachers or administrators. It would be much better if the initial training was followed up with specific one-to-one coaching that would actually change practice.
Every Illinois administrator must take one ISBE-approved Administrators’ Academy credit each school year. IASA has encouraged districts to tie this professional development to district goals and invite presenters to train all the administrators in the district at the same time. This type of training offers several advantages over each administrator choosing their own training. They include 1) matching the training to district goals; 2) all administrators receiving the same training; 3) the district central office staff making the decision on the training topic; and 4) less expensive than sending all administrators to separate trainings at a per person cost and also paying for travel and possible lodging expenses.
In addition to the above-mentioned advantages, it would be best practice if the initial training were followed up with additional individual or group actual practice incorporating the training into the administrator’s daily work. IASA offers this exact form of training. Many districts have contracted with IASA to provide teacher evaluator training. The latest edition of teacher evaluator training is titled “Advanced Danielson Teacher Evaluation Training” and includes instruction on 1) proper documentation of classroom observations; 2) concentrating on specific domains and components based on a research-based protocol; 3) conducting a reflective conference with the teacher to improve the teacher’s performance; 4) coaching practices that result in changed teacher practices; and 5) having difficult conversations with teachers who fail to improve.
Several districts have contracted with IASA to offer follow up training/practice for their teacher evaluators. During this training/practice, I actually accompany the teacher evaluators as they collect evidence and have reflective conversations with the teachers. This is “real” professional development for the teacher evaluators as they get to practice their work with an expert evaluator providing input, guidance and coaching.
If your district is interested in providing either the Advanced Danielson training or the specific coaching of individual teacher evaluators, please contact IASA at 217-753-2213 or
for more information.
I Don’t Have the Time to Observe Teaching?
One of the six elements of the Voltz Protocol for effective teacher evaluation is “Observe More.” When discussing this concept with practicing administrators I often receive silent feedback. Practicing administrators are probably reflecting on their current workload and trying to determine how they can free up time to do more observing.
I sometimes follow up with a rhetorical question such as, “What do you do in your position as a school administrator that is more important than improving teaching and learning?” This is certainly rhetorical because there are various duties that parents, school boards and other educators would say are very important for school administrators, such as student, staff and school safety obligations. In these difficult times, post Columbine and Sandy Hook, the public views school safety as extremely important. For sure, in the days following the Sandy Hook tragedy nobody was worrying about teacher observations; everybody was thinking about how to make the schools safer.
There are many duties of school-based administrators, but
improving teaching and learning is at the top of the list. Administrators need to examine just how they are spending time while at school. I would recommend that each school-based administrator keep a personal diary of just what they are doing on a daily basis. This diary should then be reviewed and analyzed to determine which tasks are vital to the administrator’s leadership role and which could be dropped or performed by others, such as the school secretary, support staff and others.
As a building principal myself, I developed a teacher observation/evaluation system in which I observed every lesson of a teacher’s entire unit, including the day the teacher handed back the graded assessment. As a result of this process I discovered that the day the teacher handed back the graded assessment might have been the most important day of multiple observation visits. How many teacher evaluators schedule an observation visit for that day? It is a great day to see the following:
- How students actually performed on the teacher-prepared assessment;
- What the teacher did with the actual results – did the teacher address the need for some students to have remediation and continued instruction? Did the teacher address those students who scored very high to see if they knew the material before the unit?
- How the students reacted to their student attainment scores; and
- Discuss with the teacher in a reflective conversation about what the teacher learned from the graded assessments.
Many ask how I was able to observe a full unit of instruction. The answer is really simple – I scheduled the observations in my calendar and, barring an emergency, I always observed when scheduled. The teachers learned to trust that I would attend every class, they welcomed the daily feedback, and they trusted my input because I was putting the time and effort into working with them to improve their teaching.
In some schools, student discipline becomes an administrative chore. You notice I used the word “chore” and not the word “responsibility.” I think it is important that classroom discipline is a responsibility of the teacher, not the building-level administrator. My experience has taught me that only some teachers send disruptive students to the office. These teachers usually lack in traits related to 2a. creating an environment of respect and rapport with students, 2b. establishing a culture of learning, 2c. managing classroom procedures, 2d. managing student behavior and, most importantly, 3c. engaging students in learning. Administrators should hold teachers accountable for these components within the Danielson framework when teachers send students to the office.
In the end, the real issue is not that building-level administrators do not have the time to observe teaching, it is that they do not CHOOSE to spend their time observing teaching. What gets measured gets done; this counts for teacher evaluation also.
Levy time is fast approaching.
Important points of emphasis for the tax levy process include the following:
- “Each school district is required to certify annually and return to the respective county clerk(s), on or before the last Tuesday in December, its certificate of tax levy.” Thus, you will need the school board to formally approve the levy at a December school board meeting prior to the last Tuesday.
- You also need to have the Board approve an estimate of the aggregate levy at least 20 days prior to the adoption of the final levy.
- “Any district proposing to increase its aggregate levy more than 105% of its prior year’s extension, exclusive of election costs, must publish a notice, as prescribed by law, in a newspaper of general local circulation.” You will need to follow this procedure correctly. This notice must be published no more than 14 days nor fewer than seven days prior to the date of the public hearing.
Tip of the Week
As your school administrators start to get into the swing of conducting teacher evaluations, you may want to review a sample of the actual evaluations being written. When I was new to a school district, I would randomly read evaluations to get a feel for the way administrators were handling or writing evaluations.
My personal philosophy on non-tenured teachers was to recommend non-renewal for any first year teacher (in this school district) who had areas needing improvement. Experience taught me that we should only keep those teachers we thought would be “excellent” teachers. The year to make this decision is the first year, before that particular teacher has established connections with other teachers, the community and parents.
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MRS. ZORAIDA B. TRAVIS
Among the valuable agricultural properties in Orange County is the Esperanza Ranch at Yorba, owned by Mrs. Zoraida B. Travis, the widow of J. Coleman Travis and a member of an aristocratic Spanish family whose name is inseparably associated with the early history of California. Mrs. Travis’ great-grandfather, Don Antonio Yorba, was the founder of the family in California. A Catalonian, he was born in the Pueblo de San Saturnino, and as a young man served as a corporal in the Spanish Army. He was with the expedition that landed at San Diego Mission in 1769, and after serving his time settled at San Gabriel Mission. Of an adventurous nature, he explored nearly all of Southern California lying south of Yerba Buena and was particularly pleased with the section which is now included within the boundaries of Orange and Riverside counties. In 1801 he received from the king of Spain a grant of one hundred eighty thousand acres, embracing land from the present site of Riverside to the Pacific Ocean. This ranch was legally known as El Canon de San Antonio de Santa Ana de los Yorba, which remained in possession of Antonio Yorba until his death, when the title to the property passed to his son, Bernardo Yorba, whose mother, Senora Josefa (Grijalva) Yorba, was much loved by reason of her many acts of kindness and charity. She was selected as one of the leading characters in the Mission Play, written by John S. McGroarty, the well known historian.
Bernardo Yorba, the grandfather of Mrs. Travis, improved the ranch and thereon built a ninety-room adobe house, which was the scene of many brilliant social functions. The walls of this two-story structure were twenty-six inches thick and were finished in white plaster. It had a large ball room with a polished floor where fandangos were greatly enjoyed by the young people. Rancho Yorba became one of the richest as well as one of the most celebrated Spanish grants in Southern California. On this large estate Bernardo Yorba continued to make his home until his death at the age of fifty-eight years, engaging extensively in the breeding of cattle.
His son, Prudencio Yorba, the father of Mrs. Travis, was born in 1832, at the old homestead, and after obtaining an education at San Pedro returned home to take up the pursuits of farming and stockraising. He married Dolores Ontiveros, who was born on the Coyote Ranch in La Habra Valley, August 4, 1833, a daughter of Juan P. and Martina (Ozuna) Ontiveros, the former a native of what is now Orange County, while the latter was born in San Diego, both representatives of old and prominent Spanish families of California. Juan P. Ontiveros followed farming in Orange County for many years prior to his removal to Santa Maria, Santa Barbara County, where he continued to engage in the same line of work during the remainder of his life. The death of Prudencio Yorba occurred July 3, 1885, and that of his wife on November 24, 1894. They were the parents of eleven children: Mrs. Felipa Dominguez, the widow of Pablo Dominguez; Mrs. Adelina Carrillo, who passed away in March, 1933; David J., born August 22, 1855, and died March 7, 1925; Mrs. Angelia Kraemer, the wife of Samuel Kraemer, of Placentia, California, represented on another page of this work; Prudencio S., whose sketch also appears elsewhere in this work; Zoraida, widow of J. Coleman Travis; Ernesto, a rancher at Yorba; Mrs. Dolores Ruiz, of Santa Maria, California, and three died in childhood.
The ninth child of the family, Zoraida Yorba, was born on her father’s ranch at Yorba, March 22, 1869, and attended St. Catherine’s Convent at San Bernardino. At her home she was married October 20, 1898 to J. Coleman Travis, who was born at Gainesville, near Mobile, Alabama, August 8, 1853. He was a son of Amos and Eliza (Coleman) Travis, natives of Georgia and Alabama respectively and both members of prominent southern families. The Travis family came to California via the Isthmus of Panama and arrived in Los Angeles on Washington’s Birthday, 1869, going at once to the home of a daughter, Mrs. A. S. Van de Graaffe, a widow with two children. In that city Amos Travis was engaged in orange culture on Eighth Street, between San Pedro and Alameda streets until 1871, when he removed with his family to Santa Ana, and a short distance north of the present site of Orange developed a ranch along the Santa Ana River.
For a number of years J. Coleman Travis was superintendent of the Santa Ana Valley Irrigation Company and in that capacity he was an important factor in the upbuilding of the plant and the construction of its canals and ditches. He was also the owner of a ranch of sixty acres on Tustin Street, near Orange, where he planted an orange grove, experiencing discouraging days when the fruit was ruined by insect pests, which experts were later able to exterminate. Subsequently Mr. Travis sold the greater portion of that place and purchased the Esperanza Ranch of about two hundred forty acres, a part of the estate of Prudencio Yorba, and then owned by David J. Yorba, who erected the residence. Mrs. Travis’ father named the ranch Esperanza for a daughter who had died just before his removal from the old home to this property. However, prior to coming here Mr. Travis located at Santa Monica, where he resided until 1917, when he began the development of the Esperanza Ranch, which he operated until his death on June 19, 1919, at the age of sixty-five years, and was laid to rest in Fairhaven Cemetery at Orange. Besides his widow he is survived by four children: J. Coleman, Jr., Kate, Zoraida and Amos Travis.
For recreation Mr. Travis turned to outdoor sports and took keen enjoyment in hunting and fishing. He belonged to the Orange County Fox Hunting Club and excelled as a rider and marksman. Everything that touched the upbuilding and progress of Orange County was to him a matter of deep and vital concern. He was deputy assessor of this district when it was still Los Angeles County and he took a prominent part in the county division and the organization of Orange County in 1889. He gave liberally of his time and means to all projects for the improvement of the county and the betterment of its people and was respected and honored for his generosity, his public spirit, his fidelity to the ties of home and friendship, and his high standards of life. Cultured and refined, Mrs. Travis has the tact and charm of manner which make her a leader in the social life of her community and dispenses old-time California hospitality at her home on the Esperanza Ranch.
Transcribed by V. Gerald Iaquinta.
Source: California of the South Vol. IV, by John Steven McGroarty, Pages 289-292, Clarke Publ., Chicago, Los Angeles, Indianapolis. 1933.
© 2012 V. Gerald Iaquinta.
Census Records | Vital Records | Family Trees & Communities | Immigration Records | Military Records Directories & Member Lists | Family & Local Histories | Newspapers & Periodicals | Court, Land & Probate | Finding Aids
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A Reevaluation of the Role of the Unfolded Protein Response in Islet Dysfunction: Maladaptation or a Failure to Adapt?
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress caused by perturbations in ER homeostasis activates an adaptive response termed the unfolded protein response (UPR) whose function is to resolve ER stress. If unsuccessful, the UPR initiates a proapoptotic program to eliminate the malfunctioning cells from the organism. It is the activation of this proapoptotic UPR in pancreatic beta-cells that has been implicated in the onset of type 2 diabetes and thus, in this context, is considered a maladaptive response. However, there is growing evidence that beta-cell death in type 2 diabetes may not be caused by a maladaptive UPR but by the inhibition of the adaptive UPR. In this review, we discuss the evidence for a role of the UPR in beta-cell dysfunction and death in the development of type 2 diabetes and ask the following question: Is beta-cell dysfunction the result of a maladaptive UPR or a failure of the UPR to adequately adapt? The answer to this question is critically important in defining potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes. In addition, we discuss the potential role of the adaptive UPR in staving off type 2 diabetes by enhancing beta-cell mass and function in response to insulin resistance.
|ISBN||1939-327X (Electronic) 0012-1797 (Linking)|
|Authors||Herbert, T. P.; Laybutt, D. R.;|
|Responsible Garvan Author|
|URL link to publisher's version||http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27222391|
|OpenAccess link to author's accepted manuscript version||https://publications.gimr.garvan.org.au/open-access/13617|
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Attacks individual right to keep and bear arms
Dec 18, 2012
Barack Obama’s former head of the Office of Information and
Regulatory Affairs, Cass Sunstein, a long time advocate of eviscerating
the Second Amendment, has penned a piece that essentially labels
anyone who defends long standing gun rights in the US as “crazy”.
In the editorial titled Gun Debate Must Avoid Crazy Second Amendment Claims,
Sunstein argues that the individual right to bear arms, supported and
reaffirmed consistently by courts across the nation, constitutes “wild
and unsupportable claims about the meaning of the Constitution.”
“Sure, it could fairly be read to support an individual right to
have guns.” writes Sunstein of the Second, “But in light of the
preamble, with its reference to a well-regulated militia, it could also
be read not to confer an individual right, but to protect federalism,
by ensuring that the new national government wouldn’t interfere with
citizen militias at the state level.”
He then goes on to claim that for decades it was never recognized
that the Second Amendment protected the individual’s right to keep and
bear arms, and that it was only with the Supreme Court decision in 2008 that individual rights were established.
“We should respect the fact that the individual right to have guns
has been established, but a lot of gun-control legislation, imaginable
or proposed, would be perfectly consistent with the court’s rulings.”
“It is past time to stop using the Second Amendment itself as a
loaded weapon, threatening elected representatives who ought to be
doing their jobs.” Sunstein concludes.
This constitutes an old argument that is used by big government gun
grabbers and those politically motivated to erode individual rights.
The Supreme Court decision in 2008 UPHELD the individual right to keep
and bear arms, as many other court decisions and Justice Department
memoranda has before. It did not ESTABLISH that right, as Sunstein
In 2004, the Justice Department noted, “A ‘right of the people’ is
ordinarily and most naturally a right of individuals, not of a State
and not merely of those serving the State as militiamen. The phrase
‘keep arms’ at the time of the Founding usually indicated the private
ownership and retention of arms by individuals as individuals, not the
stockpiling of arms by a government or its soldiers, and the phrase
certainly had that meaning when used in connection with a ‘right of the
“Moreover, the Second Amendment appears in the Bill of Rights amid
amendments securing numerous individual rights, a placement that makes
it likely that the right of the people to keep and bear arms likewise
belongs to individuals,” the DOJ’s report continued.
Sunstein’s argument against individual gun rights hinges on the
notion that the Founders used the word “people” to mean “states”, a
clearly ridiculous suggestion especially given that the Constitution
and Bill of Rights were penned by the most meticulous wordsmiths in
Thomas Jefferson himself wrote in several drafts of the Virginia constitution, provisions that “no freeman shall be debarred the use of arms.”
In addition, state-level precursors to the Second Amendment made it clear that keeping arms was each person’s individual right “for the defence of themselves and the state.”
More at prisonplanet.com
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The main advantage of non-pneumatic tires (NPT) is that they cannot go flat, and so far, they have been used much less common, unlike the air filled tires. You can find them on different smaller vehicles like golf carts or lawn mowers, as well as on heavy machines that are operating on construction sites or at building demolition, where the chance to get a flat tire is very likely to happen. Unlike the regular, pneumatic tires, this type of tires have higher rolling resistance and less suspension, as well as the heat ostentation that happens whilst they are driven, so these are some of the problems why they have not been used for `regular vehicles` yet. But they are one step closer to become a full scale production reality. And the non pneumatic tires have a lot of environmental benefits when compared to the regular conventional tires. Recent studies confirm that the non pneumatic tires are energy efficient for manufacturing and are being easy to recycle.
The non pneumatic tweel tires have been put to a couple of different test. The test included: durability, hardness, slalom, stability and of course speed. These tires have been used on an electric car which was able to hit 81 miles per hour without damaging the tires. They were able to match the performance of a regular conventional tire in all of the other tests. But further results about the non pneumatic tires are still not being revealed.
But Michelin is working on developing a new tire that will combine wheel and an integrated tire called “Tweed” (the name is a combination of the words `tire` and `wheel`) that will also work without air and it will be used for everyday vehicles. According to the company, Tweel will be great for carrying load, shock absorbing by combining many features of conventional tires.
The primal model was meant strictly for the Humvee vehicles, but very soon they started to implement them for regular trucks like Dodge Ram and others. What is your opinion? Feel free to comment.
Check out the video and see what it looks like. You can read more info about this Non-Pneumatic Tires Here!
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Monitoring Urban Streams: Strategies and Protocols
MetadataShow full item record
This fact sheet introduces monitoring strategies and protocols for urban stream management. The fact sheet presents an approach to crafting the most appropriate monitoring program across a variety of settings. Things to consider when developing a monitoring approach: 1. Monitoring strategy. 2. Management questions. 3. Levels of monitoring. 4. Parameters to measure. Examples are given.
- The Water Center
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Police say on the evening of Friday, May 19 and early morning of Saturday, May 20, members of the Niagara Regional Police Service conducted R.I.D.E. checkpoints within the cities of Niagara Falls and St. Catharines.
These R.I.D.E. checkpoints coincide with the National Impaired Driving Enforcement Day, which is part of the week-long “Canada Road Safety Week”. Across Canada police forces are encouraged to bring extra attention to this serious problem and participate in coordinated enforcement.
Between these two locations, officers stopped approximately 450 vehicles throughout the night. Of those drivers stopped, 5 of them were required to provide breath samples for suspected alcohol consumption. Two drivers were arrested after they provided samples of their breath that registered a “Fail” on an approved screening device. Both of these drivers received an immediate 90 day driver’s licence suspension and had their vehicles seized for 7 days.
In addition to the two impaired driving arrests, police issued one driver with a 3 day licence suspension. There were also 10 tickets that were issued throughout the night for various Highway Traffic Act offences.
The Niagara Regional Police Service remain committed to reducing Impaired Driving Offences through education and the apprehension of offenders through enforcement programs like R.I.D.E. Impaired driving is still the leading criminal offence causing deaths in Canada.
This initiative has been made possible, in part, as a result of grant funding from the Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services as part of the Reduce Impaired Driving Everywhere (R.I.D.E) program.
To receive similar content, “Like” us on Facebook @ https://www.facebook.com/niagarabuzz.ca
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I’ve been re-thinking Spoon Theory and how it applies to me recently. I wrote about spoons before, but I have come to the conclusion that Spoon Theory doesn’t really reflect what I experience. The way I understand it, you start the day with a set number of spoons, and when you have used them all up, you hit a wall. That’s it. Nothing more doing. I am also astonished that people seem to be able to quantify how many spoons they will need for particular activities. I don’t know how they do it!
I still think it’s an excellent metaphor and a good, comprehensible explanation of what people experience, but I think that what goes on with me is something different. You see, I don’t hit a wall. I don’t crash. I don’t shut down, or meltdown. I keep going. Probably not as efficiently as I should, but nevertheless, I keep going. I know that people also speak of borrowing spoons, to take up a spoon credit, so to speak, to keep going in a particular situation, but this debt has to be paid, and the crash is all the harder afterwards. That doesn’t happen to me either. Also, a period of rest does not necessarily replenish my supply of spoons. For me it is more like I keep going on and on and on, on a lower level, but without crashing completely.
When I was a child, I had a rechargeable torch. You could uncap the end and plug it in to recharge. It shone brightly for a little while, then the light would dim as the charge was used up. But the dim light would actually last for a long time, before it eventually went out altogether.
That’s what’s happening to me: I keep going for a long time, but only dimly.
I came across the phrase “running on fumes” recently. When you drive your car and the fuel indicator is on “empty” but the car is still going, you say it is running on fumes. (We once went for 30 kilometers on an empty tank!) All the liquid fuel is gone, only the petrol-saturated air is left to burn.
That phrase describes exactly what is happening to me. I don’t really have any energy left, but I burn the fumes and keep going regardless. It’s more of an effort, more of a struggle, and a lot of the time I’m teetering on the edge of a breakdown, but I don’t actually fall over.
This metaphor can be extended even further. What I feel quite often when I wake up in the morning is not that my energy has been renewed, but only that I have marginally more that I did in the evening. Possibly just enough to get through the day.
Imagine that you are driving your car and you are indeed running on fumes. Finally a petrol station comes in sight. Unfortunately the petrol there is very expensive. So what you do is that you don’t fill the tank up, but you take just a few litres to keep the car going for a bit, until you hopefully reach a cheaper petrol station. You travel on, with a bit more in the tank, but not much. Alas, soon these few litres are used up, and it’s back to fumes. Another petrol station! Oh no, it is yet another expensive one. So you take only a few litres, because you can’t afford more. And so the process is repeated.
That is how I feel over long stretches of my life. (Not always, there are some better times, but yeah, a lot.) I drive on, using the fumes or just enough energy to keep me going. I soldier on, and on, and on, always keeping my head above water, but only just.
Of course, as long as you keep going, nobody notices that there is anything wrong with you. After all, you manage, don’t you? If I had a breakdown, nobody would deny that I probably need to take some extended sick leave and try to get back on track. But with me, it never comes to that. People might notice that I’m not happy, or more irritable, or stressed out, but I always keep some sort of “it’s okay, really” façade up. I suppress the tears, ignore the stomach pains, ram the smiley mask tighter onto my face and keep going.
So what is this? Autistic burnout? Or simply middle age? I’ve been reading about the phenomenon of autistic burnout a lot, but again the characteristics mostly don’t seem to apply to me, chiefly because I am never actually completely burnt out. But one phrase used in the context of autistic burnout really hit the nail on the head for me. Someone (this was on Twitter, and I can’t remember who it was) cited an inability to connect with or pursue interests. And that is something I definitely experience, and it’s getting me down even further. I spend all my energy just living my life (and barely that – I haven’t vacuumed the floor for about 4 weeks), there is nothing left for proper interests. Sure, I read books, I watch “The Sky at Night” or whatever on television, but as for a real, all-encompassing, all-consuming, all-enveloping autistic interest – I haven’t had one for about 2 years. The last one just faded away and hasn’t been replaced with anything. I tried to rekindle this or that, but it didn’t work. I just can’t work up the energy, emotional investment and attention that it needs. There have always been in-between times, but they have never lasted that long. And I miss it. I need these interests to make me happy. They actually give me energy, they make me feel more alive. They enable me to survive the dreary day-to-day. But now the dreary day-to-day is all I am left with. So I’m caught in a vicious circle. I haven’t got the energy to sustain an intense interest, which, if I had it, would actually supply me with more energy. I can only hope that somewhere around the corner is something so huge, so amazing, so overwhelming that it will just sweep me away to a better place. But until then, to borrow a line from an old song, “life gets tasteless, don’t it?” Yes, tasteless. Colourless. Meh.
I just wonder, what will the effect be in the long term? Surely this way of life isn’t sustainable in the long run. But I have in fact sustained it for a long time – certainly a couple of years or so. So what I’m really afraid of is not that it might some day come to a real crisis. I’m afraid that it will go on like this, month after month, year after year, just about managing, never being happy, but never slipping into actual clinical depression either. Just an endless slog through the grey zone of life. Running on fumes. Forever.
Image: Sun shining onto a footpath through trees. It has no relevance to the post, I just chose something nice.
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Snoring can be caused by a number of things, from the vibrating movement of the uvula to poor muschle tone in the throat and tongue. Bulky throat tissue from being overweight can even contribute to snoring. The uvula is the small mass of tissue that hangs down from the middle of the soft palate. When a person sleeps, the uvula and the soft palate relax and vibrating movements occur, causing the snoring sound. Approximately, 40 percent of men snore and only 30 percent of women snore. Additionally, overweight individuals often have problems with snoring more than those in healthy ranges.
Symptoms and signs
Many times, snoring occurs in the presence of other signs and symptoms. These are indicators that there could be an underlying health condition that should be treated. Some symptoms and signs to look for include:
- Frequent sore throats
- Nasal drainage and congestion
- Itchy, watery eyes and sneezing
- Frequent fatigue and drowsiness
- Nose Bleeds
- Mouth breathing
Causes and concerns
There are many causes of snoring and most are easily treated. One main cause of snoring is obstructive sleep apnea, which is a serious medical condition. What happens during the course of the night is the person will experience anywhere from 30 to 300 breathing pauses lasting approximately 10 seconds. The pauses are caused by the airway collapse and narrowing. The reduction in blood oxygen increases blood pressure and can strain the heart. If sleep apnea continues without treatment, it puts you at a higher risk for developing several health problems including heart disease, stroke and diabetes. While not all cases of snoring are attributed to sleep apnea, it’s important to rule this cause out.
Other causes of snoring include:
- Sinus infection
- Deviated septum
- Thick throat tissue
- Too much soft tissue in the neck
- Tonsils and adenoids (primarily children)
Solutions and options
There are many treatment options available for people who snore. If the person is overweight, then weight loss may cure the problem. Additionally, other lifestyle changes such as avoiding alcohol at night, sedatives or allergy treatment may produce successful results. Surgical options are available when other treatment options have failed. For example, tissue removal and implants are two surgical options.
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the most common treatment and is used by thousands of people who suffer from sleep apnea. A CPAP device involves a mask that is worn over the nose and mouth that is connected to a machine that delivers a positive amount of pressure. This is done to keep the airway open. If you or someone you love has sleep apnea, call our office for an appointment with one of our caring ear, nose and throat specialists.
Some homecare tips for those who snore:
- Try to sleep on your side not your back.
- Elevate your head with a few extra pillows.
- Get into a regular sleep routine (go to bed and rise at the same time).
- Eat healthy food, exercise, quit smoking and limit your alcohol consumption.
- Avoid using sleeping aids or sedatives.
Snoring does not have to be an issue in your life. There are plenty of solutions and options to help you stop snoring. If you are experiencing any of the symptoms and signs associated with snoring, consider an evaluation with one of our competent ear, nose and throat specialists.
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Amend the bill, as and if amended, by striking all after the enacting words and inserting:
/ SECTION 1. Section 56-5-2770(D) of the 1976 Code is amended to read:
"(D)(1) A school bus must be equipped with red and amber visual signals meeting the requirements of State Department of Education Regulations and Specifications Pertaining to School Buses, which must be actuated by the driver whenever the bus is stopped or preparing to stop on the highway for the purpose of receiving or discharging school children. A driver must not actuate the special visual signals when the bus is in designated school bus loading or off-loading areas if the bus is off the roadway entirely.
(2) A school bus may be equipped with a digital video recording device mounted on the school bus with a clear view of vehicles passing the bus on either side and showing the date and time the recording was made and an electronic symbol showing the activation of amber lights, flashing red lights, stop arms, and brakes. Digital video recording devices mounted on school buses must be procured in compliance with Chapter 11, Title 35 or a procurement code adopted by the political subdivision procuring the digital video recording device in compliance with Section 11-35-50."
SECTION 2. Chapter 5, Title 56 of the 1976 Code is amended by adding:
"Section 56-5-2773. (A) A uniform traffic citation alleging the violation of Section 56-5-2770 may be issued based in whole or in part upon images obtained from a digital video recording device mounted on a school bus. A copy of the citation must be given directly to the alleged offender by the law enforcement officer issuing the citation.
(B) Digital images obtained from a digital video recording device mounted on a school bus pursuant to Section 56-5-2770(D) may be used as evidence at any hearing related to a violation of Section 56-5-2770 to corroborate testimony by the school bus driver or any other person who witnessed the offense."
SECTION 3. Section 56-7-35(C) of the 1976 Code is amended to read:
"(C) The provisions of this section do not apply to:
(1) toll collection; or
(2) issuance of a uniform traffic citation alleging the violation of Section 56-5-2770."
SECTION 4. Section 56-7-15 of the 1976 Code is amended by adding:
"(C) The issuance of a uniform traffic ticket alleging the violation of Section 56-5-2770 is not subject to the provisions of this section."
SECTION 5. This act takes effect upon approval of the Governor. /
Renumber sections to conform.
Amend title to conform.
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Using hacked US military blueprints, China has publicly unveiled their controversial stealth jet that is a near carbon copy version of the American F-22 version. The unveiling took place in the southern city of Zhuhai, in Guangdong province, where the J-20 stealth fighter passed by onlookers in awe.
Despite Beijing’s insistence the designing of the jet was entirely of their own, the aircraft schematics are believed to have been obtained by Chinese hackers earlier this year. There has been little information attained about the overall capabilities of these Chinese jets, other than they are strikingly similar in appearance to their possible U.S. counterparts.
“I think we learned very little. We learned it is very loud. But we can’t tell what type of engine it has, or very much about the mobility,” said Greg Waldron, Asia Managing Editor of FlightGlobal. “Most importantly, we didn’t learn much about its radar cross-section.”
In terms of the weaponry and firepower of these jets, analysts are also questioning the Chinese’s tactics. “It’s a change of tactics for the Chinese to publicly show off weapons that aren’t in full squadron service yet,” said Sam Roggeveen, a senior fellow at the Sydney-based Lowy Institute. “It demonstrates a lot of confidence in the capability, and also a lot of pride.”
“This shows they now have confidence to put it out in public,” said a Western industry official who monitored the display put on by the Chinese. Video of the airs how can be watched below:
Sign up to get breaking news alerts from Dennis Michael Lynch.
Kim Jong Un’s Wife Has Vanished
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Do You Have Celiac Disease and Have Questions Or Need Help?
Join Celiac.com's forum / message board and get your questions answered! Our forum has nearly 1 MILLION POSTS, and over 62,000 MEMBERS just waiting to help you with any questions about celiac disease and the gluten-free diet. We'll see you there!
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About Danna Korn
Danna Korn is the author of “Living Gluten- Free for Dummies,” “Gluten-Free Cooking for Dummies,” “Wheat-Free, Worry-Free: The Art of Happy, Healthy, Gluten-Free Living,” and “Kids with Celiac Disease: A Family Guide to Raising Happy, Healthy Gluten-Free Children.” She is respected as one of the leading authorities on the gluten-free diet and the medical conditions that benefit from it.View all articles by Danna Korn
About Danna Korn
Danna Korn is the author of Kids with Celiac Disease: A Family Guide to Raising Happy, Healthy Gluten-Free Children, published by Woodbine House; and Wheat-Free, Worry-Free: The Art of Happy, Healthy Gluten-free Living, published by Hay House. She has written dozens of articles on gluten-free living that have been published in national magazines and newspapers, and appears frequently on national and local broadcast media in an effort to raise awareness of celiac disease. Danna has been researching celiac disease since her son, Tyler, was diagnosed with the condition in 1991. That same year, she founded R.O.C.K. (Raising Our Celiac Kids), a support group for families of children on a gluten-free diet. Today, Danna leads more than 65 chapters of R.O.C.K. throughout the nation. She speaks frequently around the country to health care professionals, celiacs, parents of celiacs, parents of autistic kids involved in a gluten-free/casein-free dietary intervention program, and others on a gluten-free diet.
Danna lives in Encinitas, CA with her children, Tyler and Kelsie.
Celiac.com welcomes your comments below (registration is NOT required).
Gluten-Free for 12 Years: A 14-year-old Boy's Perspective
This article originally appeared in the Winter 2004 edition of
Celiac.... [READ MORE]
Venturing Out of the House: Restaurant Realities by Danna Korn
This article appeared in the Winter 2005 edition of Celiac.... [READ MORE]
Finding Fun Gluten-free Treats for Kids by Danna Korn
I'm a big
believer in fun, especially when it comes to eating.... [READ MORE]
Deal With It; Don't Dwell On It: Learning to Live - and Love - The Gluten-free Diet - A Family's Story by Danna Korn
story began when our first child, a perfect baby boy, began
to get sick.... [READ MORE]
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Classroom Connect And The Franklin Institute Form Partnership To Bring Wonders Of Science And Technology To K-12 Classrooms Nationwide
BRISBANE, CA – Classroom Connect, Inc. and The Franklin Institute
today announced that they have formed a content partnership that will enhance
Classroom Connect’s suite of online classroom learning resources with content
from The Franklin Institute Online’s science and technology collections.
As part of the agreement, Classroom Connect and The Franklin Institute will
co-develop student-focused learning resources that highlight TFI Online’s science
and technology collections and broaden their access to K-12 schools nationwide.
These learning resources will be made available to educators and their students
through Classroom Connect’s suite of subscription-based classroom learning resources
at http://www.classroom.com. In addition, Classroom Connect will link from its
searchable, multimedia Library to various resources from TFI Online’s digital
collections of photographs, audio and video files, as well as Web sites.
Examples of the classroom learning resources being developed by Classroom Connect
and The Franklin Institute Online include:
- Spotlight on Technology: Achieving Flight
- Spotlight on Technology: Photography
- Connected Lesson: Benjamin Franklin and the Scientific Method
"The Franklin Institute’s focus on historically important science and technology
information complements Classroom Connect’s mission to provide educators with
the highest quality educational content available, " said Judith Hamilton,
president and CEO of Classroom Connect. "We are proud to have this partnership
with TFI Online and know our customers will benefit from this and other partnerships
we have with leading museums and institutions nationwide."
"Both The Franklin Institute and Classroom Connect have been among the
first to explore ways to bring online resources into the K-12 classroom. This
was an important consideration in deciding to work together," said Karen
Elinich, director of educational technology programs for The Franklin Institute
Online. "We’re excited to have Classroom Connect as our online curriculum
partner to help continue TFI Online’s mission to promote public understanding
of science, as well as science education and achievement."
The Franklin Institute is the latest to join Classroom Connect’s partner list
of world-renowned museums and libraries. Other existing relationships include
those with the American Museum of Natural History and the Library of Congress.
About The Franklin Institute Online
The Franklin Institute Online is an initiative of The Franklin Institute Science
Museum, founded in 1824 in Philadelphia. Today, The Franklin Institute is recognized
for its innovative online science education programs and for developing museum-school
partnerships that have become national models for innovative teacher development
and hands-on science in the classroom. The Institute also promotes and perpetuates
the legacy of Benjamin Franklin through major awards honoring achievement in
science and in business leadership.
About Classroom Connect, Inc.
Classroom Connect, Inc., a business unit within Harcourt, Inc., is a leading
provider of professional learning and classroom learning resources that foster
successful use of the Internet in K-12 education. Headquartered in Brisbane,
CA, with offices in El Segundo, CA, Minneapolis, MN and Abilene, TX, Classroom
Connect has more than 170 employees. Its primary product brands include: Connected
University® (online professional development); Classroom Today (online classroom
curriculum); The Quest Channel (online adventure learning expeditions); Connected
Conferences (live, nationwide events); Connected Workshops (on-site seminars);
and Classroom Connect Newsletter (monthly Internet education journal). Its partners
include some of the nation’s most respected organizations, including the American
Museum of Natural History, the Library of Congress and NASA. For more information
about Classroom Connect, visit the company’s Web site at www.classroom.com.
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The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge has captivated the American imagination for decades. Long before it was made a National Wildlife Refuge it was being explored by early leaders of The Wilderness Society, Olaus and Mardie Murie. Now renowned for being one of the last pristine expanses in the world, the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge is a place of quiet beauty, home to polar bears, musk oxen, arctic foxes, thousands of birds, and the famous Porcupine caribou herd.
These caribou, and the rest of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, take center stage in photographs from famous photographer Sebastião Salgado, who recently shared some of the pictures with the New York Times Sunday Magazine.
Salgado’s images hearken back to another early leader of The Wilderness Society, Ansel Adams, whose classic black and white photographs of Yosemite, the Grand Tetons, and other spectacular areas have become synonymous with celebrating our wild places.
With constant threats to the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, these images are a reminder of the special nature of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, and how it should be kept that way for generations to come.
Happy 50th Birthday Arctic Refuge!
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Proven strategies, practice, and review to ace the SAT Subject Test U.S. History.
Getting into a top college has never been more difficult. Students need to distinguish themselves from the crowd, and scoring well on a SAT Subject Test gives students a competitive edge. Kaplan SAT Subject Test: U.S. History is the most up-to-date guide on the market with complete coverage of both the content review and strategies students need for success on test day.
Kaplan SAT Subject Test: U.S. History features:
A full-length diagnostic test Full-length practice tests Focused chapter summaries, highlights, and quizzes Detailed answer explanations Proven score-raising strategies End-of-chapter quizzes
Kaplan is serious about raising students’ scores—we guarantee students will get a higher score, or get their money back.
See more books from this Author
Published January 8, 2013
by Kaplan Publishing.
History, Education & Reference, Young Adult, Science & Math, Professional & Technical.
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MDG 2 - Universal primary education in Zambia
The Government of Zambia has established access and quality of education, especially for girls, as a national priority, even in hard economic times.
The Government of Zambia has established access and quality of education, especially for girls, as a national priority, even in hard economic times. Efforts have ranged from far-reaching policy reform to expanded access to education.
Zambia is addressing poor access to education through MDG 2. In 2002, the Ministry of Education enacted the Free Basic Education policy, which has subsequently led Zambia to dedicate substantially more domestic resources to education. From 2006 to 2010, funding to the education sector steadily increased from 2.9% to 3.5% of GDP. Zambia improved school infrastructure, including water, and sanitation. Teacher training programs have increased the teacher supply to match the expansion of school enrollment. The number of teachers increased from 50,123 (27,559 males and 22,564 females) in 2002 to 77,362 (39,733 males and 37,629 females) in 2009.
Student enrolment has increased from 2.5 million students in 2005 to 3.3 million in 2009. Furthermore, the participation of girls increased from 1.4 million in 2005 to 1.65 million in 2009. The Gender Parity Index (GPI) improved from 0.95% to 0.99%.
Over one third of the girls who became pregnant returned to school between 2002 and 2009. Over 200,000 students in basic schools were reached with improved water and sanitation.
The policy offers diverse approaches to bring children to education. Women are particularly supported by the policy through bursaries or scholarships and by encouraging them to return to school after pregnancy. Radio campaigns are encouraging girls and children from low socio-economic status to go into schools.
The policy also created opportunities for communities to initiate and manage local schools for their children; the number of community schools grew from less than 200 in 1996 to over 3,000 in 2009. Monica Hangwinto is one happy 11-year-old because, since last year, she can attend school here in Shimballa village, just a 20-minute walk from home. Before the school was built in 2009, she could not get an education. The nearest classroom was a two hour walk away. Monica could not easily trek that far, and her parents were afraid something might happen to her on her way, as has been the case with other playmates who were harassed, assaulted, or killed in traffic accidents.
At the school in Shimbala, headmistress Margaret Mudenda is quietly satisfied. Today, like nearly every day, four new children have joined the school, and there are more and more of them. Her efforts have paid off: the community’s requests have been answered and the local kids can now finally learn. The community contributed more than 25% of the costs of the school through hard manual labor and also gave the land for the school and for the teachers’ plots.
Mrs. Mudenda is passionate about equal opportunities and enthused to see that more than half of the 185 pupils are girls. New children, including orphans, enroll every day, justifying her efforts. Nevertheless, challenges remain. The school is not fully finished: there is no glass yet in the windows, and it still lacks some furniture. The teachers’ houses are not quite ready, and they need more books. Even with double shifts, there are not enough teachers.
The Ministry of Education in 2002 enacted the free basic education policy (Grades 1-7).
In 2007, the Ministry implemented the Every Child to School policy, which concentrated on infrastructure development and led to the building of 4,627 new classrooms. This initiative builds on the 1996 national education policy.
In 2008, the Education for All - Fast Track Initiative (EFA FTI) endorsed Zambia’s national education strategy. FTI was an important factor in the prioritisation of education in national policies, supporting the Zambian Government with a US$60 million allocation to the sector budget. Partnerships with non-governmental organizations and local communities have also been key.
Even at a time of economic difficulty, The Government of Zambia has maintained its focus on improving access, and investing in education. The focus now is moving to driving up quality standards.
More info: www.moe.gov.zm
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Your contribution is needed to create a free tool which can help to build a better society and better quality of life for all of us using innovative solutions with a positive impact.
The Ethics Canvas framework provides a tool that can be part of the solution to the problems that ethics in research and innovation faces. It allows researchers and innovators to reflect on the ethical impacts of their work.
This is as a free open source material which was designed as an intuitive tool that helps innovators to:
- Brainstorm about the ethical implications of a project and represent them in a canvas.
- Analyse the ethical concerns of a project considering all stakeholders and find suitable solutions that reflect on shared values.
- Learn from similar use cases and share your experiences
The Ethics Canvas is an easy to use collaborative tool that assists in the identification of ethical impacts of research and innovation projects and incentivises actions towards tackling these impacts.
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You might recall that just last week, divers spotted what looked like a plastic bag and candy wrappers at the bottom of the Mariana Trench, i.e. the very deepest part of the ocean.
At the same time, it was revealed the far-flung Cocos (Keeling) Islands – 2,000 kilometers (1,200 miles) off the Australian coast and only inhabited by a tiny handful of people – have become an accidental garbage patch overrun with plastic waste.
Needless to say, our plastic addiction is reaching crisis point. There are an estimated 100 million tonnes (110 tons) of it in the oceans today and it is thought that by 2050 plastic will outweigh fish.
Fortunately, there may be a solution. A team of international researchers writing in the Journal of Hazardous Materials have found microscopic marine microbes nibbling away at plastic waste, (very slowly) breaking it down.
For the study, the team collected polyethylene and polystyrene waste from two beaches in Chania, Greece. Polyethylene is the most commonly used, found in everything from shampoo bottles to bulletproof vests, while polystyrene is a harder sort that is used in food packaging and electronics.
The trash had already undergone certain natural chemical changes, encouraged by UV radiation and ocean water movement among other things, to turn it more brittle – a process that needs to happen to make it “edible”, at least as far as the tiny plastic-munching microbes are concerned.
The researchers then dunked the plastic into a tank of saltwater populated with various microbes. Some were species that naturally occur in the sea. Others had been genetically engineered to create stronger biofilms. Five months later, they came back to check the results.
They found that the microbes had changed the chemical composition of the plastic trash, causing it to break down and lose weight. The polythene’s weight was up to 7 percent lower than it had been at the start and the polystyrene did even better, dropping as much as 11 percent of its original weight. The most impressive results came from “acclimated” microbes, i.e. those that had previously been exposed to polyethylene and polystyrene. (As previous research has shown, bacteria is actually evolving to eat our plastic garbage.)
It is certainly not the first time scientists have narrowed in on the power of microbes to speed up the biodegradation process, nor is it likely to fix our plastic crisis in the near future. It's not yet on a scale large enough. But maybe one day it could help offer a solution.
"Engineering the functional potential of natural microbial assemblages that colonize plastic surfaces is a key issue in plastic waste management and in mitigation of plastic debris in the marine environment," the study authors write.
"Closing the gap between the hypothetic and realistic employment of microbial networks for plastic degradation could contribute to the development of mitigation measures and sustainable policies."
In the meantime, it might be a good idea to try to decrease our reliance on plastic – and remember the three "r"s: reduce, reuse, recycle.
|
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|
Witnesses to Hunger at the White House
Last week, Barbie Izquierdo and I were invited to the White House to join a group of national anti-hunger advocates, researchers, public health specialists and foundations to talk about how the new film “A Place at the Table” could help to energize a national movement to end hunger in the United States.
Our colleagues such as FRAC, Feeding America, Bread for the World, Share Our Strength, MomsRising, and foundations such as Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, PEW Charitable Trusts, and the Arthur M. Blank Family Foundation, and several administrators from the White House Office of Public Engagement worked for five hours straight. We identified and strategized on how to harness the positive driving forces towards protecting America’s food security investments, and how to minimize the negative restraining forces. It was a dynamic discussion. Some advocates called for the White House to be more involved and to advocate for the poor when both the Senate and the House passed versions of the Farm Bill that would cut the SNAP program. Others, including hunger champion Congressman Jim McGovern, stood up and called for some serious action, serious strategy: a national plan to end hunger. Some of you might remember I left this same message on the White House wall after the White House visit to Philadelphia. Click here to vote on that idea.
This was a new space for a new kind of conversation—one that could bring the advocates together using social media and all the social change expertise of Participant Media—the social action arm of a Place at the Table. Check them out on Facebook. Or, get this into your own hands, by texting "Food" to 77177.
Two of the most exciting aspects of the positive driving forces that the groups came up with was not simply that there are strong collaborations between the partners and organizations, but that
1) the facts/scientific evidence show how important federal nutrition assistance programs are to alleviating poverty and improving health, and
2) the willingness of people who have experienced poverty to tell their stories.
Wow!—sounds like the Center for Hunger-Free Communities tagline: solutions based on science and the human experience.
As you can imagine and trust, Barbie Izquierdo spoke eloquently about why she participated in the film, and why and how she became an advocate with Witnesses to Hunger. I insert her brief film here. She said she wasn’t sure at first whether or not she should speak out about her situation. But then she realized that no one was going to do it like she could:
“I thought that Senators and Congressmen could speak for us. But if they don’t learn from experience, then they can’t really project what we need to be said.”
By participating in Witnesses to Hunger, and by allowing herself to be in the film about hunger in America, she said she wanted to make a difference so that
“No one else will have to go though what I went through. They won’t have to go through the pain and the humiliation of not being able to provide food for my kids.”
Yes, those who went to the screening of A Place at the Table the night before were very inspired by the film—but several people seemed even more inspired by Barbie herself. During the reception before the film screening, one of the early investors in the film was so happy to meet Barbie in person. He said to Barbie, “In your voice, I can hear Franklin Delano Roosevelt. I hear John F. Kennedy.”
So true! Barbie is a great American. A leader. Her very presence inspires and ignites.
Monifa Bandele from Mom’sRising gave an impassioned speech about what we can do to end hunger, and re-iterated how important it was to involve those who know hunger first hand. She asserted: “Barbie is the most powerful person in this room!”
Barbie was quite amazed at the accolades; speechless in the end. She’ll blog about it here, soon.
For me, being at the White House brought me back to those moments of us sitting on the sofa with Barbie in her house. So intimate; so painful. The first photograph that Barbie showed us was a photo of her neighbor’s kitchen. She wanted people to see how hard it is to be a single mom, how things can get to be so bad you are afraid to ask for help, to speak out about the pain and worry. As Barbie explained,
“Being in this situation you can see how kids can go hungry”
I vowed in those moments that I was obligated to figure out how to make sure her story, her presence, her photographs could make it to the White House. Of course at the time, I had no idea, and no way of figuring out how to do so.
The genius of Barbie’s voice, her creativity and courage are what got her there. And she brought along with her the wisdom and grit of all the women of Witnesses to Hunger. In their voices I don’t just hear FDR and JFK, I hear Moses (Harriet Tubman), Sojourner Truth, Susan B. Anthony, Eleanor Roosevelt, Shirley Chisholm, Dolores Huerta, and Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor.
This is the first indication that the Witnesses and women like them will have a place at the table. So much more to come, and they are already changing the world.
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New class of antibiotics holds promise for drug-resistant TB therapyOctober 17th, 2008 - 4:44 pm ICT by ANI
Washington, Oct 17 (ANI): A new class of antibiotics holds promise in treating drug-resistant tuberculosis and other diseases caused by bacteria, according to researchers at Rutgers University
The researchers said that they discovered three naturally-occurring antibiotic compounds that can be used to create new medications, which can be administered to unleash “a kind of chemical warfare against other bacteria.”
The breakthrough holds special promise for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB), a disease that is carried by one in three people in the world and which is proving increasingly resistant to today’’s antibiotics, scientists said.
The new antibiotic class not also promises treatment that could be significantly shorter than existing antibiotic regimens, which can last as long as a half-year.
“The Holy Grail in TB therapy is to reduce the course of therapy from six months to two weeks to make treatment of TB like treatment of other bacterial infections,” said Richard Ebright, a Howard Hughes Institute investigator at Rutgers University.
“With a six-month course of therapy for a disease that is largely centered in the third world, the logistical problems of administering therapy over space and time make eradication a nonstarter. But, if there were a two-week course of therapy, the logistics would be manageable, and the disease could be eradicated,” he added.
The discovery comes at a time when a quarter of all deaths worldwide are the result of bacterial infectious diseases, and yet more and more disease-causing bacteria are growing resistant to currently available antibiotics.
“For six decades, antibiotics have been our bulwark against bacterial infectious diseases. Now, this bulwark is collapsing. There is an urgent need for new antibiotic compounds and practical new targets,” said Richard Ebright, a Howard Hughes Institute investigator at Rutgers University.
The study is published in the October 17th issue of the journal Cell, a Cell Press publication. (ANI)
Tags: antibiotic regimens, bacterial infections, bulwark, chemical warfare, disease causing bacteria, diseases caused by bacteria, drug resistant tb, drug resistant tuberculosis, ebright, half year, holy grail, howard hughes, howard hughes institute, infectious diseases, logistical problems, rutgers university, tb therapy, treatment of tb, treatment of tuberculosis, tuberculosis tb
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Distribution of the Mezenc Marmots
Today Sunday 22 January 2017, the Sun rises on Mezenc Mount at 09:15 and sets at 18:34.
Call for CollaborationWe need your marmot observations!
The siteThe Mezenc Massif is the third highest summit of the Central Massif. It is a collection of old inactive volcanoes reaching 1754 m asl. This massif lies on the watershed between the Atlantic basin or Loire basin (which appears rather as a plateau) and the Mediterranean basin or Rhone basin (more hilly).
In spite of an historical absence of Alpine marmots in the Mezenc massif (France), this species has been released in the mountain and subalpine levels of the massif during the 1980's in relation with the ecological conditions of the Massif. The most part of the landscape is open, moors and meadows alterning with forests. Short and cool summers follow long and snowy winters.
Another interest was to diversify the wild fauna, in order to support the development of rare predators such as the golden eagle.
The Mezenc region is poorly populated, the density of the human population varying from 4 to 10 inhabitants per sq; km instead of a mean 120 i/sqkm in France. And for that reason it was a good place for an introduction attempt.
Since 37 years, these animals are well established and now 140 family groups are known, distributed on 33 communes (districts).
In 2016, more of 2 marmots have been registered in the surroundings of the Mezenc Massif.
The Regular MonitoringSince 1988, more of 200 sq. km are monitored each year from April to September. The monitoring process includes five countings per year for each family group and the census of new marmot settlements. An active network of residents contributes also to the search for new settlements.
The analysis of the monitoring results will allow to define if this new installation trends towards declining or towards an invasive process. On the long term, the monitoring will bring data for the study of a possible allopatric speciation as defined by Zecchini (2002).
Citation : Distribution of the Mezenc Marmots - © 2017, Le Berre M., Metral J. (ONCFS), Putz O. (LPO) & Ramousse R.
Last modification: 2012-02-29 14:49:24
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As we’ve already seen, newspaper reports are not always the most reliable source for information when gathering clues about family history. So, what do we do when we’re not sure about a particular detail we’ve uncovered? Look for more resources that can help confirm or deny that record. And where do we end up looking for these additional proofs? More newspapers.
There is something that smacks of circular reasoning in that process. But what else can be done? We are researching people who, if still in their European homeland, would have been considered no more than mere commoners. Even in the so-called class-free home of the brave, the average joe has little to recount his life’s conquests other than the hometown newspaper and a few government documents—if you can get your hands on them.
Just to be certain we’ve allocated the right family members to the right parents in the case of his, hers and theirs in the Timothy Kelly family, let’s take a look at one more obituary.
You may have noticed that, between the time of Timothy’s passing and that of his widow, another member of the family was lost. The namesake of his father, the junior Timothy’s death came seven years afterward, and preceded his stepmother’s death by four years.
If the editorial prowess of The Fort Wayne Sentinel may be trusted just this once—on Monday, January 4, 1909—then it can help confirm which child belongs to which parent.
Assuming its accuracy, here’s what the obituary shows us:
- Timothy junior was son of Timothy Kelly and his first wife, Ellen
- Mary Kelly, the second wife, was indeed Timothy’s stepmother
- The remaining children of Timothy senior and his first wife, Ellen, were now Richard, Andrew and Deborah (Mrs. Frank Pence)
- Margaret was their step-sister, thus daughter of Mary and another husband
- Margaret was listed as “Miss” rather than as “Mrs.” as had been the title in 1901 and 1913
- The family’s address is now showing as 320 Brandriff Street
While the first four points serve to assure me that I might just have the accurate picture now, the last two points are not necessarily of much concern.
First, though this obituary moves us from the late 1800s into the twentieth century, it may still be influenced by the tradition of addressing older women as “Mrs.” regardless of their marital status. Thus, Margaret might have been married to a Sweeney—or born to a Sweeney. At this point, as I’ve not been able to find any marriage record, I can’t really say.
Then, despite the household’s address having a number—though not a name—change, I know that many cities underwent address changes in the early 1900s, as local governments sought to systematize their numbering systems for various efficiency reasons. While I’ve yet to locate any resource for indicating whether the old 20 Brandriff Street became the new 320 Brandriff Street, it is certainly possible that that could have been so.
With the preponderance of other details finally aligning in a believable pattern, I can now say it seems fairly safe to assume that, despite the address change, we are talking about the right Kelly family here, and that Margaret was the step-child of the elder Timothy Kelly and daughter of Mary and another, unidentified father.
Whether that man was named Sweeney—or whether the mystery Sweeney was actually a husband—is a struggle I’ve yet to resolve.
However, after all those years, at least I can say I’ve finally found a few hints.
Timothy J. Kelly died Sunday evening at 9:30 o'clock at the home of his stepmother, Mrs. Mary Kelly, at 320 Brandriff street. He was forty years old and death ensued from a complication of diseases. The deceased was a brother of Police Captain Richard Kelly.Mr. Kelly had always been a resident of Fort Wayne, and when old enough to work engaged in the boilermakers' trade, which he has ever since followed. He was admired and respected by a large circle of friends. Besides Capt. Kelly, another brother survives, Andrew Kelly. Mrs. Pence was a sister of the deceased and Miss Margaret Sweeney a step-sister. All the family live in this city.
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RevOps (Revenue Operations) is a B2B (business-to-business) solution that helps organizations increase their revenue by aligning sales, post-sales, and marketing. It uses automation for better decision-making in business and ensures its better growth.
In this blog, you’ll learn how RevOps can help different teams within your organization
Let’s get started:
Role of RevOps in Different Teams of an Organization
The main role of the RevOps is to maintain a smooth transition of information within all your departments. However, it doesn’t necessarily have to be a RevOps team.
If you are wondering how to implement RevOps without the hassle of hiring a team, then you can invest in an efficient and feature-rich RevOps tool.
Moving on, from sales and marketing to customer service, RevOps is useful for various organizational teams.
RevOps helps marketing experts recognize any loopholes within an organization, such as inconsistent records or duplicate contacts. These things help maintain good revenue flow in an organization.
One of the best things about RevOps is that it simplifies the breakdown of company silos and integrates the revenue success of all departments. Put simply, it creates a collaborative mindset towards a particular goal and keeps the organization free from conflicts.
When a visitor turns into a customer, it’s important to provide them with efficient customer support, guidance, and onboarding. As RevOps uses CRM systems regularly, they can keep a record of all the communication between the customers and the organization. This is especially useful for the operations team as it helps them understand customer issues and resolve them accordingly.
When a customer is treated right, it encourages them to maintain a long-term connection with the brand. Besides, it also helps increase brand trust and ensures long-term success.
Finance and Sales Department
For those who don’t know, forecasting is where sales or finance team members use past data as inputs to estimate future business trends. If the forecasting is accurate, it helps the business to develop data-driven strategies.
As RevOps focuses on maintaining accurate information across an organization it encourages more valid forecasting. It can help the finance and sales departments forecast the organization as a whole and not any particular department.
RevOps ensures better transparency and data-driven teamwork in an organization. That’s because the main objective of RevOps is to bring all the departments in an organization together. Once that happens, all teams can think of more robust strategies for a business to succeed in the industry.
Additionally, it ensures that each team has visibility of other teams. This means it maintains alignment in an organization and ensures everyone is accountable for the business objective.
RevOps also encourages your company to take a cohesive approach to business planning. In addition, it prevents the teams from wasting time and enables faster development of products and easier maintainace of deployments.
RevOps can help with sales funnel optimization through its collaborative approach. The combined efforts of the teams result in a shorter sales cycle and improved customer retention.
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The Fukushima Post Nuclear Disaster Analysis
I do wish I had photos of the Fukushima plant, both before and after, though I won’t be going too soon. No pun intended, but there won’t be much fall out from the Fukushima crisis, and it’s no coincidence of little tangible fallout both literally and metaphorically. The worlds’ media is saying that there will be earth-shifting consequences, as already seen with Germany their re-thinking their nuclear energy policies. Fukushima has apparently put nuclear power back decades in the UK and the US, and undoubtedly here, too. However, the ramifications in Japan are not going to be as large and paradigm shifting as they should be. Undoubtedly there will be few if any new nuclear power plants to be built in the next twenty plus years in Japan, but still the full ramifications of the Fukushima disaster are not going to experienced and felt. Why? Culture.
It is innate in all humans to avoid being seen as the culprit of any disaster. Whether it is the loss of data in an office, or when cars bump into each other at busy intersections, we humans tend to blame others for our mistakes. In contrast, Japanese Prime Ministers don’t have a good reputation for political grit. The BBC uses the term ‘revolving door‘ to describe the Japanese national political culture (see Japan’s Political Revolving Door and What led Shinzo Abe to Resign?). That is to say, at the slightest hint of smoke, at the slightest sign of problems, at the first chink in the armour, the opposition and the PM’s own party demands the leader steps down to ‘take responsibility’, which seems a contradiction. However, it might appear that it’s not so much a revolving door system, but a take-a-number-and-wait-your-turn system of Prime Ministership. Prior to the previous national election in 2009, the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), which had ruled Japan for 54 years until the first election which voted them out, over saw many political disasters. In the electoral term until 2009, there were four Prime Ministers, one elected, Junichro Koizumi, and the unelected Shinzo Abe, Yasuo Fukuda, and then Taro Aso respectively, with the first retiring, and the middle two extricating themselves for a variety of scandals that were not their fault. The biggest scandal that rocked the public’s confidence in the LDP was the pension system, where many people made sometimes large voluntary premium payments, of which many were not recorded and pocketed by pension-office bureaucrats. Though, the whole pension problem came to light when it was realised that hundreds of thousands of pension records were lost in the computerisation of the pension system. Probably, many were computerised but not matched to the proper owner, but many uncomputerised files (pieces of paper) were destroyed, perhaps mistakenly with computerised counterparts. So far, nobody has been found responsible for the wrongful destruction of so many records, nor was anybody held to account for the decision not to store them for the long term. Furthermore, there hasn’t been a search for, enquiry, nor attempt to prosecute anyone for the pension bungling. The usual fall-guy for such a scandal is the Prime Minister, and the PM of the day was the first one in 54 years not to step down: Taro Aso, who lost the 2009 election, and handed political leadership to a non-LDP lead cabinet, the first since democratisation after world war two. So this shows that there is not a culture of looking for the fundamental root and cause of a problem in Japan. This has been shown in non-political situations, too.
MacFarlane and Saitoh wrote an academic article for an academic journal. The sort of journal that undergrad’s are supposed to read. In their article they focused on the cultural perception of ethics in research in Japanese universities. Since world war II, research subjects (now known as ‘participants’) have internationally recognised rights in human research stemming from the Declaration of Helsinki, in addition to the normal human rights treaty. The problem with the Helsinki declaration is that it is based on Euro-Catholic-Aristotelian principles, and is expected to be applicable in African, Muslim, and Buddhist-Confucianist countries et al. So it was of great interest to see what and if there are any incompatibilities. As it turns out there are. The European Helsinki declaration favours human rights, but the Japanese favour financial integrity.
What background is there to this? During the pre-war Japanese military expansion, the infamous Unit 731 conducted horrible experiments on prisoners, testing chemical and biological weapons. After the war, it was claimed that the scientists were permitted by the Americans to go free in return for their data. These scientists got jobs teaching and researching in some of the top Japanese universities, eventually getting promoted to the most senior positions. Consequently, whenever the subject of human rights in research is broached, it was always briefly, in fear of causing particular members of faculty to lose face. Consequently, in the mid 1950’s, early 1960’s, and early 1970’s when there were other abhorrent medical projects done in Japanese psychiatric wards (on the people with the least protection), which resulted in deaths, the researchers conducting the experiments were convicted for their crimes under local laws, but the root of the matter was never investigated. Interestingly, hospitals including doctors, nurses, ward staff, assistants, research supervisors, and hospital attendants were implicated nor berated for allowing these experiments to proceed; the research cultures where these researchers worked were never investigated.
So, today with the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plants, owned by Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCo), it is almost without a doubt that those who are truly responsible for the root cause and origin of the problems that occurred will never be held to account. I would expect that the current Prime Minister Naoto Kan will be crucified by the media and the opposition parties for his apparent bungling of the nuclear situation, and there will surely be a new unelected Japanese Prime Minister before summer has ended. In fact, if there was anything like a British or Australian Royal Commissions in a moderately open and transparent society it would certainly find that there may have been improper dealings between previous TEPCo executives and LDP politicians & nuclear regulators. An in-depth enquiry may find that there may have been fundamental failures to ensure adequate protection and updates of these reactors. This is not without precedent. According to the BBC, former TEPCo executives had apparently falsified safety records. In 1999 the Tsuruga nuclear plant of Japan Atomic Power leaked radioactive water and lied about the quantity. People were hospitalised at the Tokaimura incident, and that BBC page lists previous known incidents that occurred in the 1990’s.
During the magnitude 9 Tohoku Earthquake the reactors immediately stopped, as they were meant to, critically cutting off power for their own cooling. This meant that the primary backup was a diesel generator that would provide electricity to maintain the cooling system of the nuclear reactors. The secondary backup were batteries, and the plant was apparently without a tertiary backup system. Critically, it is not clear why there was not a tertiary backup system installed. One guest expert on the BBC commented that earthquake-tsunami proof water vats that could have gravity fed water into the reactors to provide backup cooling. It should not be a surprise that the primary backup for the Fukushima plants would not survive a seawater tsunami, and that the secondary backup batteries would eventually run out. A problem that seems not to have been foreseen is that after a tsunami, roads into the plant might become temporarily impassable, making repairs to the diesel generators impossible to achieve before the batteries ran out. Without a doubt, the engineers and architects who designed Fukushima in the 1960’s did a brilliant job. The Fukushima disaster could have been as bad as the poorly designed Chernobyl plant. It is unfortunate that modern safety management of Fukushima remained in the paradigm of the 1960’s. This begs the question, how many other nuclear plants in Japan are susceptible to fundamental breakdowns? How many other plants are in dire need of updating. How many articles in legislation needs updating. I am not opposed to nuclear power, but only if it is properly managed, if there is adequate oversight, and there is continual and incremental improvements to all aspects of the plants, construction, maintenance, regulatory oversight, updating, and in management paradigms.
The real culprits, those who let lax standards and the non-compulsory updating of safety systems, will not be held to account. The Prime Minister will sure be replaced by the end of summer, and TEPCO will lose its executive directors (second time in five years). However, probably none of the other nuclear power plants will be updated. Regulators will give the appearance of action, but it will be just for show; nobody wants to lose face.
If you visit Tokyo, don’t drink the tap water.
- (Also see the website references embedded in text)
- MacFarlane, B., and Saitoh, Y. (2008) Research ethics in Japanese higher education: Faculty attitudes and cultural mediation. Journal of Academic Ethics, 6, p181-195.
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The customer demand to buy homes has doubled in the last year. The most common reasons to buy a new home include, to improve their current home, an increase in the number of family members, to start a new life as a couple or simply as an investment.
Are you looking for a new built home and don’t know what the expenses and taxes you will have to pay?
From PrimeHouse we will explain which are the main costs and taxes you will have to bear in mind when purchasing a new build dwelling.
Expenses and taxes associated to buying a new home
- Notary expenses
- Administrative Management costs
- Survey costs
- Registration fees in the Public Property Registry
- AJD – Taxes on Document Duties
- Municipal capital gains taxes
VAT (Value Added Tax)
The purchase of a new build means that the buyer is forced to pay the VAT (including garages, provided that the number of garage spaces assigned to each owner does not exceed two units). It will be 10% in new builds and 4% in the case of council / protected housing (council estate or public promotions).
How to calculate the tax value?
It is a simple procedure.
VAT= Tax rate x Price
Suppose the price of the home is 300,000€.
Then the VAT we must pay is:
300.000€ x 0,10= 30.000 € (VAT)
The notary expenses tend to vary according to the price of the property, the scope of the title deed, whether the property has any garages or annexes, the amount of contract holders and the number of copies required etc. These are determined by the Royal decree 1426/89. In case of requiring a mortgage, the expense will be greater, since two contracts will be needed, one to realise the purchasing and another for the mortgage. The approximate cost of this is around 0.2 or 0.3% of the value of the purchase.
The buyer has the right to choose the notary within the municipality where the property acquired is located. This professional will charge a fixed fee determined by the government in 1999, so all the notaries in Spain charge the same for identical services.
Administrative Management costs
The administrative company (Gestoría) ensures the correct functioning of the necessary administrative procedures to carry out the loans with mortgage guarantee. They are responsible for delivering the bank papers to the notary, from the notary to the property registry and, once registered, return them to the bank.
The managers are free professionals, therefore, they do not have specific rates. The approximate cost is between 400 and 600 euros.
3.1 Administrative / mangement costs due to mortgage subrogation
The expenses due to subrogation do not depend on the value of the mortgage, it only depends on the rates charged by the Gestoria, usually its between 200 or 400 euros.
3.2 Administrative / management expenses in the case of Mortgage novation
The fee that an agency charges to process a modification in the mortgage conditions due to a novation does not depend on the value of the mortgage, since the process is always the same. Therefore, the cost depends on the rates of the agency, since the services are regulated by the law of demand and supply of the market. However, the price is usually around 200 euros.
The new Mortgage law which will be implemented in the near future, determines that the subrogation and novation in the mortgage loans will be free. This will grant the buyer more freedom and will favour competition between the different banking entities.
Survey / Appraisal costs
In new builds, the appraisal of the home is already included. Those who are going to get a mortgage do not need another appraisal of the home, since the mortgage is constituted before, and therefore, it was then that the bank may have needed an appraisal and performed it.
Example: If a new build home is purchased, and said dwelling has a mortgage (which the promoter signed with the entity at the time) and the buyer wants to subrogate said mortgage, he / she will NOT need to appraise the dwelling.
Registration fees in the Public Property Registry
For the home to fully belong to the buyer it must be registered in the Public Property Registry, and that means we must incur in yet another expense. The cost is legally fixed and will depend on where the property is located and the cost of the purchase. The cost is approximately 0.15 or 0.2% of the value of the purchase.
Taxes on Document Duties
To formalise in a public document the sale deeds of new construction homes, it is subject to the Tax on Patrimonial Transfers and Documented Legal Acts, in the form of Documented Legal Acts.
The Tax on Documented Legal Acts (AJD) relates to notarial documents. This tax is paid whenever a notarial document is signed with an economic amount and can be registered in the Registry, similar to the buy/sell of new homes and mortgages. The management of this tax is under the umbrella of the autonomous communities and must be settled through the 600 self-assessment model form.
In the first copies of notarial deeds and purchasing deeds the tax rate will be obtained by applying 1.5% rate (in Andalusia) on the taxable base of the value of the home (Law 3/2012)
The new Mortgage Law establishes that the bank will be responsible for the tax of legal acts documented in the constitution, subrogation or novation of the mortgages.
Municipal capital gains taxes
When the seller is a real estate developer, the law forces him to pay the municipal capital gain and the expenses of the declaration of new works and horizontal division. You must also pay the cancellation of the mortgage that exists on the house as long as you do not subrogate to it.
If you have any queries or doubts, at PrimeHouse we will be happy to help you with any questions that may arise. Download our brochure and know the expenses that you are going to have when owning a house in Málaga and the Costa del Sol.
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How to pronounce Karin Smirnoff in Swedish
Also find a similar words the begin with the same characters, end with the same characters, anagrams, reverse anagrams, word scrambles and words with similar letters. Synonyms of Mall will be presented below each meaning if they are available. Find out what rhymes with Mall What does mall mean? A large, often enclosed shopping complex containing various stores, businesses, and restaurants usually accessible by co 2021-04-09 · Mall definition: A mall is a very large enclosed shopping area.
- Asbestsanering onderhoud
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mall (sense 2) derives from The Mall, a tree-bordered walk in St James's Park, London, formerly the site of a pall-mall alley. mall (sense 1) dates from the 1960s. Word of the day Another way to say Mall? Synonyms for Mall (other words and phrases for Mall). Log in. Synonyms for Mall.
Stencil: translate Swedish - English - Interglot
See more. Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979 Meaning of shopping mall. What does shopping mall mean? Here are all the possible meanings and translations of the word shopping mall.
Serietabell excel mall - stilen i mallar allmänt varierar
Here are 6 possible meanings.
Mall meaning is also available in other languages as … Translation for 'mall' in the free Swedish-English dictionary and many other English translations. bab.la arrow_drop_down bab.la - Online dictionaries, vocabulary, conjugation, grammar Toggle navigation share History.
They will wear/do anything for the “gram.”.
rav4 electric price
kan g märkas
vad innebar nürnberglagarna
Grafisk profil, logotyp och mallar – Medarbetarportalen
2. an urban street lined with shops and closed off to motor vehicles. 3. a large area with shade trees used as a public walk or promenade. View synonyms. 2 A sheltered walk or promenade. esplanade, front, seafront, parade, walk, boulevard, avenue, walkway, mall.
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Diy, household repairs, or reconstruction is the action of doing add ons or refurbishments to someone’s house. Do-it-yourself could include projects that update an existing residence interior, outer and other remodeling around the property or home. It can be done use a fresh look towards the residence or you might incorporate fixing any damage. In today’s world, do-it-yourself is known as a vital component of home ownership. This informative article wrinkles some of the assignments which demand comprehensive setup and setting up.
There are 2 families of home improvement projects. 1 will involve producing design variations to the existing residence and the other requires helping the living space or interiors of the home. Have sizeable benefits within the second-hand importance of a building, however the changes built have to are eligible of the present homeowner to ensure the modifications to get approved by the guru in charge of small remodels.
The price of home improvement projects mainly depends on the shape or range from the venture as well as complexness involved in carrying out the work. In particular, an easy restore which include exchanging shattered goblet around the glass windows might be concluded for any minimal worth of Usd200. On the other hand, significant makeovers like setting up a new top or floor surfaces, fitting new windows and doors, contributing a new kitchen and bathroom, and so on. want more time, knowledge and specific tools.
An important part of any do it yourself job would be the budget. Most home improvements take more time durations to execute than standard dwelling restorations. Quite often, there exists a really need to get will allow and the necessary licenses before implementing most home improvements. It can be an immediate affect on the overall cost and time frame of a venture. Therefore, you should make a extensive afford the work well in advance so that you can steer clear of unexpected unannounced alterations and expenditures when the time comes. Setting up very well for big small remodels will even allow you to plan for further expenditures throughout the job.
Home owners currently have a myriad of selections in terms of redecorating plans. In truth, people should preferably select one of a kind and unique solutions to strengthen their living area. For example, a simple way to boost the protection in just the home is to install new doorway hair. Setting up instant sensors can provide householders with much better security next to thieves and burglars. A lot of these safety systems might be set up on each outer opportunities and inside of the property office buildings.
People also have the option to remodel or renovate their kitchens and bathrooms. Even though this is not deemed among the list of do-it-yourself initiatives, property owners should think about renovating their bathing rooms to achieve a modern day experience. Remodeling includes the replacing worn out-out fittings and features and replacing ancient bathing room walls floor tiles with brand new ones. Also, people should preferably develop a preferable bathroom natural environment the actual addition of unique decorative components for instance lighting effects and furnishings. An additional redecorating choice to think about will be to renovate cabinets. This task necessitates removing dated cabinets and replacing all of them with brand new ones that will raise the performance from the kitchen area.
Home owners may also take into consideration other simple yet powerful diy thoughts by redesigning prevalent regions at home including bath rooms and kitchen display cases. Moreover, homeowners should preferably substitute previous electrical wiring with a lot more durable wire. Now and again, replacing damaged plumbing contractor and taps may also help in lessening the expenses related to vehicle repairs. Additionally, homeowners ought to install smoking alarm systems at home to guard themselves customers from hearth threats.
Home renovation represents a billion dollars sector world-wide. People is now able to accomplish renovation initiatives independently, as technological innovation innovations. Nonetheless, ahead of venture diy activities, householders really should be advised by specialists and trained contractors. The fact is, it is a great idea to acquire referrals from trusted friends and family members before beginning any remodel challenge.
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Generally speaking, once you take out a mortgage, your maximum term is usually fixed. If you take out a 15-year mortgage, for example, your bank gave you an interest rate based on the assumption that it would get its money back in a set period of time. There is a way to extend your mortgage's amortization by refinancing it into a longer loan.
Some mortgages carry prepayment penalties. If your mortgage has a prepayment penalty, you will have to pay the lender an additional fee if you pay it off before the originally agreed-upon date. Since the best way to extend the amortization of most mortgages is to refinance them into a longer loan, extending the amortization of a loan that has a prepayment penalty will make the penalty due, since the new loan will pay off the original loan. If you do want to do this, talk with your lender. It is theoretically possible that the lender will allow you to refinance and therefore extend your loan without making you pay the prepayment penalty since you are remaining a customer.
The Cost of Refinancing
Refinancing can be expensive. As a part of your refinance loan, you will probably have to pay loan origination fees, closing fees, title fees, and other costs. While these are not formally considered penalties, they nevertheless add up. If you choose to avoid paying these fees by choosing a loan with no closing costs, you will end up with a higher interest rate.
Higher Interest Expenses
Extending your loan's amortization has a double impact on your interest expense. The first is that longer loans usually have higher interest rates than shorter term loans. The second issue is that by extending your amortization, you extend the time that you spend owing money, which means that you end up paying more interest. For example, going from a $400,000 15-year loan to the same loan with a 30-year life, even if you keep the interest rate the same at 3.4 percent, will make your total interest cost go from $111,186.94 to $238,612.98 over the life of the loan.
Some adjustable rate mortgage loans have a payment option feature. These loans let you choose between a number of different types of payments, including payments that will extend the life of your loan, and even, in some cases, interest-only or negative amortization payments. Some of these payment structures effectively increase your loan's amortization forever. As long as your loan allows this, you won't pay a penalty to do it, but you will end up paying more in interest over the life of your loan.
- Creatas/Creatas/Getty Images
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A giant panda gave birth to twin cubs over the weekend at the China Conservation and Research Centre.
Becoming the first of their kind to be born this year, the giant panda gave birth to twin cubs on Sunday afternoon. It has been determined that one of the cubs is a female, according to the Associated Press, weighing less than 3 ounces. The weight and sex of the second has not yet been determined because the mother, Haizi, was unwilling to release the cub from her embrace.
The pandas were born at the Wolong National Nature Reserve, a protected area located in Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province. With almost 500 acres of land, the conservation center is the home to over 4,000 different species and at least 150 giant pandas.
Giant pandas are a largely endangered species due to poaching and development. A peaceful species, the pandas subsist almost entirely on bamboo and can eat anywhere from 20 to 30 pounds of it a day. The rarest member of the bear family, a newborn baby panda is approximately the same size as a stick of butter or smart phone. However, pandas can grow up to weigh more than 330 pounds and grow up to four feet in height.
A survey conducted in 2004 concluded that there were about 1,600 great pandas still in the wild. At least 40 reserves exist in Southwestern China that are dedicated to preserving the natural habitat of pandas, including protection from illegal logging and poaching.
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Issue No. 09 - September (2011 vol. 17)
DOI Bookmark: http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/TVCG.2010.232
Jaroslaw (Jarek) Rossignac , Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta
An Expanded Boolean Expression (EBE) does not contain any XOR or EQUAL operators. The occurrence of each variable is a different literal. We provide a linear time algorithm that converts an EBE of n literals into a logically equivalent Ordered Boolean List (OBL) and show how to use the OBL to evaluate the EBE in n steps and O(log log n) space, if the values of the literals are each read once in the order prescribed by the OBL. (An evaluation workspace of 5 bits suffices for all EBEs of up to six billion literals.) The primary application is the SIMD architecture, where the same EBE is evaluated in parallel for different input vectors when rendering solid models on the GPU directly from their Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG) representation. We compare OBL to the Reduced Ordered Binary Decision Diagram (ROBDD) and suggest possible applications of OBL to logic verification and to circuit design.
CSG, Boolean expression evaluation cost, OBDD.
Jaroslaw (Jarek) Rossignac, "Ordered Boolean List (OBL): Reducing the Footprint for Evaluating Boolean Expressions", IEEE Transactions on Visualization & Computer Graphics, vol. 17, no. , pp. 1337-1351, September 2011, doi:10.1109/TVCG.2010.232
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An alarming new health trend has medical professionals scurrying around issuing dire warnings of impending doom and death. As a recent piece in the Wall Street Journal relays, consumers are taking their health into their own hands by foregoing expensive, redundant doctor’s visits in favor of mail order lab tests. Blood lipids, A1C, vitamin D, C-reactive protein – you can get just about any lab value tested online, no insurance required. Lipids run between $30 and $50, A1c between $25 and $40. Even people with (overpriced) insurance and high deductibles are skipping the doctor. This is part of an overall larger worldwide trend toward going it alone. The home blood glucose monitoring industry, for example, grew from $3.8 billion worldwide in 2000 to $8.8 billion in 2008 .
What should we make of it?
Now, I like the sentiment – after all, this blog’s readership is comprised of hundreds of thousands of readers who set out to take control of their own health, and I’m quite fond of you guys – but I’m wary of the execution. People taking their health into their hands, realizing that the system isn’t set up with their best interest in mind? Good. I like it. We need it. People are realizing that you can’t look to physicians as deities with all the answers or to insurance companies as pure-hearted benefactors. If you do, you’ll end up disappointed and penniless.
But what happens from there, once the test results come in?
The average person that gets online lab results showing “elevated” cholesterol might do a couple things. They’ll try to modify their lifestyle and get more “heart healthy,” which usually entails eating whole grains , switching to low-fat dairy, jogging every day , and eating rabbit food. This isn’t very sustainable, it’s boring, and unless they follow the entire Ornish-esque plan (which includes exercise, stress relief therapy, meditation, cessation of smoking, and other proven interventions that I wholeheartedly support), it probably won’t do much to improve the health of their hearts. Or they might take the easy way out and wrangle for a Lipitor prescription, either by paying the co-pay to visit the doctor, who will, of course, have to order another lipid test before prescribing anything, or by ordering some statins from a sketchy online site and hoping that they actually receive what they ordered.
They might also venture into the world of complementary and alternative medicine, or CAM, in lieu of, or in addition to, conventional medicine. In fact, that’s another growing health trend that fills me with mixed feelings. On one hand, people’s hearts are in the right place: wresting control of their own health. But CAM is a tricky subject. Much of it is hogwash and pure malarky, like homeopathy and colon cleansing , which are rightfully dismissed by anyone with a sound head on his or her shoulders. If people try to take control of their health by submitting to ridiculous, unproven, illogical practices like those, is that a good thing? No; they mean well, and their intent reflects a positive mindset and a growing trend, but the resultant treatment might be useless at best and dangerous at worst.
Then there’s stuff like vitamin supplementation , massage , bodywork, joint mobility work , nutrition, and meditation – all proven to be beneficial to both mind and body (as if the two were different) and all firmly in the “alternative” camp. If folks opt for that type of “CAM,” they’re doing it right. And the latest trends seem to indicate that they are doing it right. The increase in people using complementary and alternative medicine (38.3% of adults in 2007, up from 36% in 2002) may not seem like much, but the types of CAM treatments they’re favoring have changed. In 2007, the most popular CAM treatment was use of “natural products,” which includes vitamins, herbs, and other supplements, followed by deep breathing, meditation, chiropractic, massage, yoga, diet, progressive relaxation , guided imagery , and, finally, at a measly 1.8% of CAM users, homeopathy. I can get behind most of those. In 2002 , the most popular natural product among adults was echinacea , followed by ginseng and gingko biloba; in 2007, fish oil had jumped to the top of list with over 38% of adults, followed by glucosamine, echinacea, and flaxseed . CoQ10 also made its way into the top 10 in 2007, nudging out “soy supplements.” Nice. So it’s not just enchanted snake oil being used by greasy, non-vaccinating hippies. Much of this stuff is proven. I also like the diseases/afflictions that people target with CAM . Back in 2002, a lot of people used it for “head and chest colds.” Pretty dubious, right? As of 2007, the top five diseases/conditions for which CAM was used were, in order, back pain, neck pain, joint pain, arthritis , and anxiety – all conditions for which things like diet, supplements, massage, yoga, and meditation are viable therapies. It seems that even as CAM use increases, the use of frivolous, misguided CAM therapies like homeopathy are decreasing in favor of beneficial therapies that jibe with conventional medicine (that is, they work!). This is, then, a bittersweet trend, with the idiocy tainting the legit therapies.
What About the Tests?
I’m kind of biased against numbers on a piece of paper that supposedly represent your current state of health. I don’t doubt that they reflect something going on internally, but I wonder how important it is to keep careful, steady track of the numbers and react wildly to their fluctuation. An obsession with lab values is kinda like when people weigh themselves once, twice, even thrice a day. They start focusing on numbers and numbers alone only to ignore subjective, real values, like “How am I feeling?” or “How do I look in the mirror? ” And don’t even get me started on those increasingly popular but expensive DNA tests. As of now there’s almost nothing valuable to be gleaned from them. Numbers are ultimately an abstraction, and if you pay too much attention to the numbers game, you’ll start forgetting why you’re here. What’s important? Weight lost or inches lost? Numbers on the scale, or strength gained, joint health improved, and energy levels regained?
These are just numbers, albeit numbers that represent something tangible. And some of them are definitely useful. Testing your vitamin D levels is a good move, especially if you’re starting out and plan to supplement. You get tested, figure out where you’re at, start a supplement regimen, and retest in a few months to get your bearings. Diabetics should probably monitor their A1Cs, and a pre-Primal blood lipid test followed up three months later is a good way to keep skeptical loved ones off your back, but monthly tests? What’s the point? Are you gonna start eating whole grains if your LDL goes up a bit? What if it’s just your body curing itself of fatty liver? What if the number was just an aberration, a fluke ?
In the end, you have to ask yourself if the numbers are going to change your behavior. I’m entirely unconvinced that I need to test my cholesterol, because whatever values come back are not going to change the way I eat, work out, sleep , or live. I’m still going to eat lots of animal fat , lift heavy things, sprint once in awhile, get plenty of sleep, and try not to take life too seriously. As long as those things are going well, as long as I feel good, wake up without an alarm clock full of energy, hold my own on the Ultimate field and in the bedroom, I’m good. Those are my health markers. If they’re in order, I’m doing things right.
So – take advantage of these tests, if you truly think they’re relevant to your situation. And if you want to engage in the Primal pastime of self-experimentation with a bit of statistical, objective rigor, go right ahead and monitor your numbers. Just don’t become wedded to the numbers and forget the bigger picture. I mean, let’s face it: when it comes to lifestyle interventions, dietary changes, activity habits, and all the rest, you know exactly what to do. It’s always pretty much the same. You know you should get more sleep, play more often, spend quality time with friends and loved ones, stimulate your mind on a regular basis, avoid industrial foods and grains , and the results of some test are not going to change those basic truths.
Overall, though? Things are getting better. The movement is growing. The trend toward taking charge of one’s own health is ultimately a good thing. All those people who are sick of wasting money on tests and visits are that much more likely to happen upon the importance of laying a strong foundation for health through nutrition, exercise, and lifestyle. They may wind their way through veganism , raw foodism, Mediterranean diets , and whatever else, but even a single step away from the Standard American Industrial Diet – in any direction – is a positive move.
What do you think, readers? Stats are cool and worldwide trends are nice, but I also find value in anecdote ; are the people around you beginning to take responsibility for their own health? If so, how are they going about it? Are they doing it wrong? Making things worse? Let me know in the comments!
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"Who Shall Not Vote"
Source, Acts of the 32rd General Assembly of New Jersey, Chapter II, Section
1; 1807. Courtesy, Special Collections/
University Archives, Rutgers University Libraries
This New Jersey Act of 1807 specified who shall
not vote by defining who could vote "free, white male citizens
of this state, of the age of twenty-one years, worth fifty pounds
proclamation money..." By this act, women and blacks were
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|File Search||Catalog||Content Search|
Supported file formats include Ogg Vorbis, MP3, WAV, AIFF, and AU.
For more information, see http://audacity.sourceforge.net/.
Audacity: A Free, Cross-Platform Digital Audio Editor WWW: http://audacity.sourceforge.net/ "Audacity" is a registered trademark of Dominic Mazzoni. Version 1.3.5 (beta) Contents of this README: 1. Licensing 2. Changes in version 1.3.5 3. Known Issues 4. Source Code, Libraries and Additional Copyright Information 5. Compilation Instructions 6. Previous Changes going back to version 1. more»
audacity (1.3.4-1.1) unstable; urgency=high * This update fixes a security issue (CVE-2007-6061). * Please either delete ~/.audacity-data/audacity.cfg or change the value of TempDir in audacity.cfg to <PATHTOYOURHOME>/.audacity1.3-<YOURUSERNAME> to prevent other local users from performing a symlink attack resulting in potential data loss of your local files. -- Nico Golde < more»
audacity(1) audacity(1) NAME audacity - Graphical cross-platform audio editor SYNOPSIS audacity -help audacity -version audacity [-blocksize nnn] -test audacity [-blocksize nnn] [ AUDIO-FILE ] ... DESCRIPTION Audacity is a graphical audio editor. This man page does not describe all of the features more»
audacity (1.3.5-2+lenny1) testing-security; urgency=high * Non-maintainer upload by the Security more»
Audacity: A Free, Cross-Platform Digital Audio Editor Original sources from: http://sourceforge.n more»
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Growing a Healthy, Sustainable Food System for All
Longtime good food pioneer Oran Hesterman knows that we can’t fix the broken system simply by changing what’s on our own plates: the answer lies beyond the kitchen. In Fair Food he shares an inspiring and practical vision for changing not only what we eat, but how food is grown, packaged, delivered, marketed, and sold. He introduces people and organizations across the country who are already doing this work in a number of creative ways, and provides a wealth of practical information for readers who want to get more involved.
Title: Fair Food
Author: Oran B. Hesterman
Research Methods for Business 2014 US$ 45.07 450 pages
Nine Minutes on Monday: The Quick and Easy Way to Go From Manager to Leader 2012 US$ 21.32 240 pages
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Effective Security Policy Messaging Important
End users tuning you out? Here's a three-step process for taking human factors into account in your security program (and even using them to your advantage).
Let us begin with the premise that security policies exist to protect an entity's assets as it pursues the normal conduct of business.
To ensure that those policies are effective, security professionals must first understand the social elements, including cultural and generational variances, that affect employee behavior and perceptions about security.
With the implementation of a three-step process of discussion, creation and messaging, security policy can be successfully crafted—with consideration given to geographical, cultural and generational factors—while assuring resonance and understanding throughout the organization.
A Cisco white paper, Data Leakage Worldwide: The Effectiveness of Security Policies, illustrates the apparent disparity between the perceptions of end users and IT professionals surrounding the existence, relevance, updating and communication of security policies.
Just as businesses strive to understand their marketplace, they should also conduct internal market research to identify the key characteristics of their employee demographics.
To protect your employees, it is necessary to answer a number of rudimentary questions:
- What are the business's goals?
- Who is responsible and accountable for the business's success?
- Which individuals or business units are most affected by a certain policy?
- Who and what functions are you trying to protect?
- What social differences exist?
So let's look at some of these demographic challenges that an enterprise may face. In the geographic domain, a policy written for one audience may fail elsewhere if not fine-tuned for relevance.
After all, cultural differences affect methods and styles of communication.
"Once employees understand that they have a responsibility to protect the enterprise, the chasm between the security professional and the rest of the staff not only shrinks, it disappears.”
For example, a message crafted for a highly technical audience in Asia may not have much success with a less technical group of employees in the U.S. who are used to a different communication style, and indeed one risks putting them to sleep or having them intellectually check out.
Generationally, how do we deal with individuals who are entering the workforce having collaborated and communicated openly using social media and other collaborative tools?
Truly, this is an unprecedented challenge. The key to success is in the early transfer of responsibility to those engaged in making the business successful.
Take steps to assist those who believe that "there are no secrets” and help them comprehend why their personal livelihood depends on protecting the corporate intellectual property and infrastructure.
Clearly communicate that, in fact, there are secrets.
Once employees understand that they have a responsibility to protect the enterprise, the chasm between the security professional and the rest of the staff not only shrinks, it disappears.
Far too often, security policies arrive as a reactive action as opposed to a proactive management of risk. Through this process, the enterprise will acknowledge security as forethought, not an afterthought.
Unfortunately, many policies are created without any discussion or consideration of business needs. When challenged, an IT department expects automatic adherence.
Managers frequently expect subordinates to comply with a policy even if they don't understand why adherence is expected; it is simply because I said so compliance.
To have security policies arrive as an overlay to an existing procedure is like placing a patch over a hole on a sweater. The patch may be effective, but if applied incorrectly, it can leave a noticeable flaw.
An upfront investment and a mandatory engagement by those crafting security policy need to occur at the point of strategic discussion within the business unit.
This strategic interaction exponentially raises the odds of having a security policy that makes sense and factors in the data from demographic and functional research.
A policy created in this way is a tool that each member of the business unit can use in a manner consistent with the agreed-upon security protocol.
This early alignment in the creation and implementation of policies is thus analogous to security being one of the integral threads woven into the fiber of the aforementioned patch, thus making it stronger and less likely to develop new holes.
This way, policy isn't based on disconnected silos of knowledge, and your employees aren't being placed in the position of having to choose between business success and policy adherence.
So how do you go about engaging your employees and communicating your policies? Think globally, but act locally.
You may have a global workforce message, but you must tailor that message for comprehension and relevance at a local level based on cultural, linguistic and other social factors.
Now let's discuss existing policies that were created in the overlay fashion. First, review these policies with the affected business units to assure they don't handicap or stifle business direction.
Recommend that a review of adherence be completed prior to the discussion, as it may provide some measurable clues to a policy's effectiveness.
Then recraft these policies to align with the reality of actual business objectives and goals.
Ultimately, the key is to ensure that your colleagues understand both the "why” of the policy and their share of ownership in the policy's existence.
The empowerment of the ownership of any security policy by those most affected will increase adherence and address the risk that the policy is designed to mitigate.
The exercise of the what of the policy follows with understanding, if not enthusiasm.
Ideally, security professionals will use this three-step process of discussion, creation and messaging.
Each step reflects a consideration of geographical, cultural and generational diversity, but also positions the arrival of policy in a manner designed to assure resonance and understanding, as well as applicability.
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Bennie is right on Target, as usual.
This battle was a part of McClellan's, ill fated, "Peninsular Campaign" and the Battle of Malvern Hill, Va., was on July 1,1862.
AfriGeneas Military Research Forum Archive is maintained by Administrator
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0 wallclock secs ( 0.12 usr + 0.00 sys = 0.12 CPU)
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Ken Taniguchi, Ph.D., Postdoctoral Fellow (Gumucio Laboratory), Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School
The earliest stages of human development are difficult to study for obvious (and important) ethical reasons. Therefore, much of what we know about early human development is inferred from the study of animal development. This is a microscopic image of a mouse embryo that is about 3 days old. The zona pellucida (royal blue) is the strong outer covering that originally formed around the developing egg; the sperm penetrated this covering to fertilize the egg. The zona pellucida will disappear as the embryo begins to implant in the uterus. The embryo itself is represented by the mass of bright red nuclei; at this point, all of these cells are pluripotent (i.e., able to form any cell of the body). The dark red nuclei will be extra-embryonic tissues (trophoblast) that serve to attach the embryo to the uterine wall and contribute to the formation of the placenta. Proper formation of all of these cells is critical for successful implantation and continuation of pregnancy.
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The first year of an infant’s life is full of new opportunities and exiting developments. Along with learning to crawl, play and mimic your sounds, your baby will also develop an interest in new foods -- often attempting to try food from your plate when you’re not looking. Although you might be tempted to give your baby a few bites here and there, be cautious. Certain foods, such as egg whites, can cause serious problems in infants.
Infant Feeding Guidelines
For the first four to six months of an infant’s life, breastmilk and iron-fortified infant formula should be the only food provided. During these first few months, your baby’s digestive system continues to develop and cannot yet handle solid foods such as eggs. Around age four to six months, begin introducing pureed fruits or semi-liquid rice cereal in addition to breastmilk or formula. As your child gets more comfortable with pureed fruits, introduce pureed vegetables, meats and beans around age six to eight months. Around eight to 10 months of age, add egg yolks to your baby’s diet. After hard-boiling an egg, remove the shell and egg white and use a fork to break the yolk into small pieces.
Infants and Egg Allergies
Since egg allergies can create dangerous symptoms in kids, many pediatricians do not recommend serving egg whites until the baby is older than one year. Since the egg white contains allergenic components, yolks generally tend to be safer. Your pediatrician will recommend a good time to introduce egg whites. After introducing both the yolks and the whites, monitor your child for signs of an allergic reaction. Symptoms of a food allergy include flushing, an itchy rash or hives, swelling, irritability, diarrhea, vomiting and wheezing. Contact your pediatrician if signs of an egg allergy appear -- or seek emergency medical treatment if your baby has swelling near the mouth or throat or difficulty breathing, or is excessively vomiting.
Allergies vs. Sensitivities
The “Parents” Magazine website explains that it’s not uncommon for kids to have a negative reaction to eggs the first time they try them. In many cases, this negative reaction is just a food sensitivity, rather than an allergy. Symptoms of food sensitivities might include gas, constipation or vomiting. If you suspect a food sensitivity, avoid eggs for a few weeks before slowly introducing them back into your baby’s diet.
Make sure the egg whites or yolks are completely cooked before giving them to your baby. Raw or undercooked eggs might contain salmonella, a type of bacteria that can cause food poisoning. Also avoid feeding your child any foods that contain raw eggs, such as homemade ice cream, mousse or raw cookie dough or cake batter.
- eggs image by AGphotographer from Fotolia.com
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For 26 years, LeVar Burton taught us that we can go anywhere and be anything, just by picking up a book. And now by logging onto the Web.
With the help of a new Kickstarter campaign, the actor and reading enthusiast intends to bring Reading Rainbow's library of interactive books and video field trips to kids everywhere.
Burton resurrected the classic brand two years ago, with the launch of the tablet-based RRKidz. But far fewer families have access to mobile devices than a home or library PC. So Burton and his team decided to expand to the Web.
And, so far, the reaction has been rather positive. In less than one day, the Reading Rainbow Kickstarter campaign rocketed past its $1 million goal, and made Burton cry.
"We all dreamed and believed we could hit $1 million in the 35 days of the campaign," Reading Rainbow CEO Mark Wolfe said in a Kickstarter update. "But never, ever did we imagine you would get us there in 11 hours."
Interested participants can pledge anything from $5 or $10 (get a special thanks on the website, behind-the-scenes updates, a thank you tweet from Reading Rainbow, and exclusive digital wallpapers) to $200 (get a signed book package) to $10,000 (earn the ultimate Star Trek "Geordi's Visor" package, which includes a private dinner with Burton and some nerdy swag).
As a thank you for meeting the campaign goal, the team promised more rewards coming soon.
As of press time, more than 39,550 backers have raised almost $1.9 million. There's still plenty of time for you to contribute: the campaign ends on July 2 at 3 p.m. ET.
Burton took to Reddit today to get the word out about the project, and answer fan questions about Roots, Captain Planet, Star Trek: The Next Generation, and, of course, Reading Rainbow.
"I am overwhelmed. Yesterday was an amazing day and quite emotional," he wrote in response to a user query. "To have reached our goal in roughly 11 hours was beyond our wildest imaginings. The fact that so many people have become a part of this, and are donating $1, $5, $10that is, I believe, a response to the need for people to feel like they can make a difference."
According to Burton, a large part of the Kickstarter funds will be dedicated to designing a product specifically for classrooms, and making it available for free to cash-strapped schools.
In fact, for every million dollars raised, the team will be able to give Reading Rainbow software away for free to another 1,500 classrooms.
Burton also promised universal access, allowing kids to start a book on a classroom PC, continue it on their parents' smartphone on the drive home, and finish reading on the family tablet.
"We want to create a seamless experience for our users," he said. "And this Kickstarter campaign is definitely giving us the opportunity to do exactly that."
Reading Rainbow ended its 26-year run on PBS in 2009, but has remained a special memory to so many people who grew up with the program in the 1980s and '90s.
Despite its success over the years, as well as the resurgence of the RRKidz mobile applications, some folks remain skeptical about the brand's relevance in modern society, Burton said.
"Yesterday proved beyond the shadow of a doubt the relevancy of Reading Rainbow's mission," he wrote on Reddit. "AND the importance of reading in this culture."
But books have always been especially important to Burton, who particularly cherishes the science fiction genrethe same stories that helped him earn his geek cred during a seven-year stint at TV's Lieutenant Commander Geordi La Forge.
Still, it was the show that helped so many foster a love for reading that means the most to Burton.
"Reading Rainbow has always been much more than a job, for me," he said on Reddit. "And as long as I'm alive, and I hope, even after I'm gone, Reading Rainbow will continue to be a part of our culture. I'm really hoping to build something that lasts."
For more, see PCMag's review of the Reading Rainbow iPad app. Also watch PCMag Live in the video below, which discusses the Kickstarter campaign's success.
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Mississippi State holds the Carnegie Foundation’s Community Engagement Classification, with the university connecting nearly 5,000 students, faculty and staff volunteers to 60 neighborhood partners and performing more than 14,700 community-service hours each year.
Design Intelligence ranks MSU’s School of Architecture as the nation’s 25th best from a list of approximately 120 architectural programs accredited by the National Architectural Accrediting Board.
When telling the world about Mississippi State, the experience isn’t complete without including traditions such as the university’s “Bully” mascot, an English Bulldog that represents the tough, tenacious play of student-athletes wearing the Maroon and White.
A National Center of Excellence for the Federal Aviation Administration, Mississippi State is leading a research team of 20 research universities and more than 100 government and industry partners that are writing the rulebook for unmanned aircraft.
Mississippi State University is a community that nurtures and supports students to achieve career and life success. MSU President Mark E. Keenum, a university alumnus, reminds students regularly that “a Mississippi State education will prepare you to go anywhere and do anything.”
Points of Pride
Mississippi State is the national lead university for the FAA’s Center of Excellence for Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) and is home to the FAA’s official UAS Safety Research Facility.
For more than two decades, Mississippi State has been ranked in the top 5 percent for agricultural sciences research by the National Science Foundation (NSF).
As one of only six universities in the U.S. to house a presidential library, Mississippi State is home to the Ulysses S. Grant Presidential Library.
One in three of today’s on-air broadcast meteorologists is a graduate of Mississippi State’s nationally recognized meteorology program.
Mississippi State ranks No. 6 in the world for the impact of its entrepreneurship research by the Journal of Small Business.
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Confessional Lutheran theology, hagiography, philosophy, music, culture, sports, education,
and whatever else is on the fevered mind of Orycteropus Afer
+ Augustine of Hippo, Doctor of the Church +
28 August AD 430
Saint Augustine was one of the greatest of the Latin church fathers and was among the most significant influences in the formation of Western Christianity, including Lutheranism. He was born to Monica
and Patricius, a Christian mother and a pagan father, in AD 354 in Tagaste, Numidia (now Souk Ahras in Algeria).
Augustine's early life was distinguished by exceptional advancement as a teacher of rhetoric. He described his life before his conversion to Christianity in his book Confessions
. He was drawn into the moral laxity of the day, plagued by lust, and fathered an illegitimate son. He also joined himself to the Manichaeian religion
Although he wandered (and sometimes wallowed) through a sinful, unchristian life for many years, Monica continued faithfully praying for Augustine's conversion. During his times of spiritual unrest, he moved first to Rome and later to Milan in order to find and hold teaching positions.
Monica's prayers were answered as her son responded to God's Word and the work of the Holy Spirit through the the preaching of Ambrose
, Bishop of Milan. Certainly Monica must have rejoiced to see her son baptized by Ambrose during the Easter Vigil of 387. However, her earthly joy was short-lived; she died at Ostia Antica, just outside Rome, as she was beginning a journey back to Africa with her sons Augustine and Navigius.
During the Pelagian Controversies
of the Fifth Century, Augustine fought the notion of salvation by works and emphasized the unilateral grace of God in the salvation of mankind. The great theologian served as Bishop of Hippo
in North Africa from AD 395 until his death in 430. Augustine was a man of immense intellect and deep love, a fierce defender of the orthodox faith, and a prolific writer. In addition to his Confessions
, Augustine's book City of God
(De Civitate Dei
) had great impact upon the Church throughout the Middle Ages and Renaissance.
His monastic rule was used and emulated in much of the Western Church. The Order of Saint Augustine
adhered closely to his teachings. Through the Order, Augustine's theology had a profound impact upon the thinking of the young German monk, Martin Luther
. Luther espoused and refined Augustine's understanding of divine grace and of original sin
, becoming part of the theology that forged the Reformation.
The barbarian invasions of the 5th Century form the backdrop for his death. Saint Augustine died during the Vandal
siege of Hippo. He urged resistance, at least in part because the Vandals held to the Arian heresy
. He is listed with Saint Ambrose as two of the Western (or Latin) fathers among the eight great Doctors of the undivided Church
and Gregory the Great
are the West's other representatives; Athanasius
, John Chrysostom
, Basil the Great
, and Gregory of Nazianzus
represent Eastern (Greek) Christendom.
The picture above represents Augustine's baptism at the hands of Ambrose. The text behind his head is the opening of the medieval hymn, Te Deum Laudamus
. Some legends tell that Augustine and Ambrose jointly improvised it at this moment.LectionPsalm 87 or 84:7-12Hebrews 12:22-24,28-29John 14:6-15Collect
Lord God, the Light of minds who know You, the Life of souls who love You, and the Strength of hearts who serve You, help us to follow the example of Your servant Augustine of Hippo, knowing You that we may truly love You, and loving You that we may fully serve You, whom to serve is perfect freedom; through Jesus Christ our Lord, who lives and reigns with You and the Holy Spirit, one God, now and forever.Hymn: Holy God, We Praise Your Name
Holy God, we praise your name;
Lord of all, we bow before you.
All on earth your scepter claim,
All in heaven above adore you.
Infinite your vast domain,
Everlasting is your reign.
Hark! The glad celestial hymn
Angel choirs above are raising;
Cherubim and seraphim,
In unceasing chorus praising,
Fill the heavens with sweet accord:
"Holy, holy, holy Lord!"
Lo, the apostolic train
Join your sacred name to hallow;
Prophets swell the glad refrain,
And the white robed martyrs follow;
And from morn to set of sun
Through the Church the song goes on.
You are King of Glory, Christ;
Son of God, yet born of Mary.
For us sinners sacrificed,
As to death a Tributary,
First to break the bars of death,
You have opened heaven to faith.
Holy Father, holy Son,
Holy Spirit, three we name you,
Though in essence only one;
Undivided God we claim you
And, adoring, bend the knee
While we own the mystery.Canticle: Te Deum Laudamus
Technorati Tags: Saint Augustine
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| Augustine of Hippo
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Today's audio is from the HCSB. Switch to the HCSB to read along with the audio.
52 The Lord said to Moses, 53 “Divide the land of Canaan among these tribes, according to the number of people in each one, 54 so the larger tribes have more land than the smaller ones. 55-56 I will show you[a] what land to give each tribe, and they will receive as much land as they need, according to the number of people in it.”
57 The tribe of Levi included the clans of the Gershonites, Kohathites, Merarites, 58 as well as the clans of Libni, Hebron, Mahli, Mushi, and Korah. Kohath the Levite was the father of Amram, 59 the husband of Levi’s daughter Jochebed, who was born in Egypt. Amram and Jochebed’s three children were Aaron, Moses, and Miriam. 60 Aaron was the father of Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar. 61 But Nadab and Abihu had died when they offered fire that was unacceptable to the Lord.[b]
62 In the tribe of Levi there were 23,000 men and boys at least a month old. They were not listed with the other tribes, because they would not receive any land in Canaan.
63 Moses and Eleazar counted the Israelites while they were camped in the hills of Moab across the Jordan River from Jericho. 64 None of the people that Moses and Aaron had counted in the Sinai Desert were still alive, 65 except Caleb son of Jephunneh and Joshua son of Nun. The Lord had said that everyone else would die there in the desert.[c]
27 Zelophehad[d] was from the Manasseh tribe, and he had five daughters, whose names were Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milcah, and Tirzah.
2 One day his daughters went to the sacred tent, where they met with Moses, Eleazar, and some other leaders of Israel, as well as a large crowd of Israelites. The young women said:
3 You know that our father died in the desert. But it was for something he did wrong, not for joining with Korah in rebelling against the Lord.
Our father left no sons 4 to carry on his family name. But why should his name die out for that reason? Give us some land like the rest of his relatives in our clan, so our father’s name can live on.
5 Moses asked the Lord what should be done, 6 and the Lord answered:
7 Zelophehad’s daughters are right. They should each be given part of the land their father would have received.
8 Tell the Israelites that when a man dies without a son, his daughter will inherit his land. 9 If he has no daughter, his brothers will inherit the land. 10 But if he has no brothers, his father’s brothers will inherit the land. 11 And if his father has no brothers, the land must be given to his nearest relative in the clan. This is my law, and the Israelites must obey it.
12 The Lord said to Moses, “One day you will go up into the Abarim Mountains, and from there you will see the land I am giving the Israelites. 13 After you have seen it, you will die,[e] just like your brother Aaron, 14 because both of you disobeyed me at Meribah near the town of Kadesh in the Zin Desert. When the Israelites insulted me there, you didn’t believe in my holy power.”[f]
15 Moses replied, 16 “You are the Lord God, and you know what is in everyone’s heart. So I ask you to appoint a leader for Israel. 17 Your people need someone to lead them into battle, or else they will be like sheep wandering around without a shepherd.”
18 The Lord answered, “Joshua son of Nun can do the job. Place your hands on him to show that he is the one to take your place. 19 Then go with him and have him stand in front of Eleazar the priest and the Israelites. Appoint Joshua as their new leader 20 and tell them they must now obey him, just as they obey you. 21 But Joshua must depend on Eleazar to find out from me[g] what I want him to do as he leads Israel into battle.”
22 Moses followed the Lord’s instructions and took Joshua to Eleazar and the people, 23 then he placed his hands on Joshua and appointed him Israel’s leader.
28 The Lord told Moses 2 to say to the people of Israel:
Offer sacrifices to me at the appointed times of worship, so that I will smell the smoke and be pleased.
3 Each day offer two rams a year old as sacrifices to please me.[h] The animals must have nothing wrong with them; 4 one will be sacrificed in the morning, and the other in the evening. 5 Along with each of them, two pounds of your finest flour mixed with a quart of olive oil must be offered as a grain sacrifice. 6 This sacrifice to please me was first offered on Mount Sinai. 7 Finally, along with each of these two sacrifices, a quart of wine must be poured on the altar as a drink offering. 8 The second ram will be sacrificed that evening, along with the other offerings, just like the one sacrificed that morning. The smell of the smoke from these sacrifices will please me.
The Lord said:
9-10 On the Sabbath, in addition to the regular daily sacrifices,[i] you must sacrifice two rams a year old to please me.[j] These rams must have nothing wrong with them, and they will be sacrificed with a drink offering and four pounds of your finest flour mixed with olive oil.
The Lord said:
11 On the first day of each month, bring to the altar two bulls, one full-grown ram, and seven rams a year old that have nothing wrong with them. Then offer these as sacrifices to please me.[k] 12 Six pounds of your finest flour mixed with olive oil must be offered with each bull as a grain sacrifice. Four pounds of flour mixed with oil must be offered with the ram, 13 and two pounds of flour mixed with oil must be offered with each of the young rams. The smell of the smoke from these sacrifices will please me.
14-15 Offer two quarts of wine as a drink offering with each bull, one and a half quarts with the ram, and one quart with each of the young rams.
Finally, you must offer a goat[l] as a sacrifice for sin.
These sacrifices are to be offered on the first day of each month, in addition to the regular daily sacrifices.[m]
3 For fifteen years[a] Emperor Tiberius had ruled that part of the world. Pontius Pilate was governor of Judea, and Herod[b] was the ruler of Galilee. Herod’s brother, Philip, was the ruler in the countries of Iturea and Trachonitis, and Lysanias was the ruler of Abilene. 2 Annas and Caiaphas were the Jewish high priests.[c]
At that time God spoke to Zechariah’s son John, who was living in the desert. 3 So John went along the Jordan Valley, telling the people, “Turn back to God and be baptized! Then your sins will be forgiven.” 4 Isaiah the prophet wrote about John when he said,
“In the desert
someone is shouting,
‘Get the road ready
for the Lord!
Make a straight path
5 Fill up every valley
and level every mountain
Straighten the crooked paths
and smooth out
the rough roads.
6 Then everyone will see
the saving power of God.’”
7 Crowds of people came out to be baptized, but John said to them, “You bunch of snakes! Who warned you to run from the coming judgment? 8 Do something to show that you really have given up your sins. Don’t start saying that you belong to Abraham’s family. God can turn these stones into children for Abraham.[d] 9 An ax is ready to cut the trees down at their roots. Any tree that doesn’t produce good fruit will be cut down and thrown into a fire.”
10 The crowds asked John, “What should we do?”
11 John told them, “If you have two coats, give one to someone who doesn’t have any. If you have food, share it with someone else.”
12 When tax collectors[e] came to be baptized, they asked John, “Teacher, what should we do?”
13 John told them, “Don’t make people pay more than they owe.”
14 Some soldiers asked him, “And what about us? What do we have to do?”
John told them, “Don’t force people to pay money to make you leave them alone. Be satisfied with your pay.”
15 Everyone became excited and wondered, “Could John be the Messiah?”
16 John said, “I am just baptizing with water. But someone more powerful is going to come, and I am not good enough even to untie his sandals.[f] He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and with fire. 17 His threshing fork[g] is in his hand, and he is ready to separate the wheat from the husks. He will store the wheat in his barn and burn the husks with a fire that never goes out.”
18 In many different ways John preached the good news to the people. 19 But to Herod the ruler, he said, “It was wrong for you to take Herodias, your brother’s wife.” John also said that Herod had done many other bad things. 20 Finally, Herod put John in jail, and this was the worst thing he had done.
21 While everyone else was being baptized, Jesus himself was baptized. Then as he prayed, the sky opened up, 22 and the Holy Spirit came down upon him in the form of a dove. A voice from heaven said, “You are my own dear Son, and I am pleased with you.”
61 Please listen, God,
and answer my prayer!
2 I feel hopeless,
and I cry out to you
from a faraway land.
Lead me to the mighty rock[a]
high above me.
3 You are a strong tower,
where I am safe
from my enemies.
4 Let me live with you forever
and find protection
under your wings, my God.
5 You heard my promises,
and you have blessed me,
just as you bless everyone
who worships you.
6 Let the king have a long
and healthy life.
7 May he always rule
with you, God, at his side;
may your love and loyalty
watch over him.
8 I will sing your praises
and will always
keep my promises.
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It’s that time of the year again! Are you a resolution maker? Do you know what you want to accomplish in the year ahead?
Our goals can only be reached through a vehicle of a plan, in which we must fervently believe, and upon which we must vigorously act. There is no other route to success.
~ Pablo Picasso
Are you planning to eat better? Cook healthier? Lose/maintain your weight? Improve your fitness? Take better care of yourself?
Losing weight and getting in shape are two of the most popular resolutions made each year. Unfortunately, most resolution-makers give up before ever really getting started.
Did you know that 75% of us abandon our latest healthy eating, weight loss, fitness and/or diet goals within the first month? Sad but true!
Don’t let this be you! By applying the following tips to achieve your New Year’s healthy weight loss fitness goals, you will set yourself up for a successful new year!
- Have a Plan
To make progress in achieving your goals you will also need a PLAN—a realistic, step-by-step approach—including the resources, tools and support required to make it happen.
If you want a little help getting started with a LIVABLE PLAN, my 28-Day Smart Start Weight Loss Challenge, filled with the very best ideas, strategies and tips to help you lose weight in a way that is simple, sensible, sustainable and feel's "just right" for you, is here to help!
You'll receive daily emails that will guide you to start off smart and stay on course building your confidence every step of the way. You'll also get the emails assembled into a comprehensive eBook you can refer to again and again, whenever you need a boost of motivation and practical guidance.
It's like having your own private coach checking in every day to help you start slow and stay strong all month long! Click here to learn more
- Make Meal Planning and Prepping a Habit
Unhealthy eating habits are the number one reason that resolutions fail.
Meal planning & prepping is invaluable when it comes to staying on track.Having healthy foods cooked-up and and ready to go will make it so much easier to make healthy choices.
There's nothing worse than getting home after a long day and having nothing healthy to eat.This is usually when you end up diving into a bag of chips or cookies while waiting for pizza delivery!
Walking though the door to the smell of a slow cooker meal or opening up the refrigerator and finding a pre-cooked healthy meal will not only save you tons of stress, but lots of extra calories too.
Here is a great collection of meal planning tools to help:
- Best tips and tricks for meal planning success
- Here are 101 Meal Prep Tips from Successful Weight Watchers
- My Month of Weight Watchers Friendly Meal Plans eBook complete with 4 weeks of dinners and grocery lists!
- My WW friend Alisha's 12 Week eCookbook and Meal Planner and Table for Two Meal Planner and eCookbook
- Create or Join a Support Group
Did you know that one of the greatest factors in your personal health is the health and lifestyle habits of those around you? Support is critical.
So it's really important to surround yourself with people that have similar goals who can keep you motivated and on track.It doesn't even have to be an "official group." It can be as simple as getting a few of your friends or co-workers to join you on your fitness journey.
Aside from the motivation factor, having people that understand the process (and the struggles that come with it) can be extremely helpful to getting through the rough patches.
A few support options to consider include:
- Private in-person coaching
- Online coaching in groups or alone
- Commercial weight loss programs that offer support
- Social media support and motivation
- Internet weight loss/fitness communities, such as Carol Tuttle's 4-Week Weight Loss Cure with it's active Private Facebook Group.
- Non-profit community organizations
- Friends and family
- Workout Buddies
This post contains affiliate links to products I like. When you buy something through one of my Amazon links or other (affiliate links), I receive a small commission that helps support this site. Thank you for your purchase!
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The Top 10 Most Popular Recipes (PDF) on Simple Nourished Living + Weekly Support Emails with Tips & Easy Healthy Recipes Not Found Anywhere Else!
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Guest: Edna O’Brien
A new novel offers a meditation on evil and the quest for redemption. The main character in The Little Red Chairs crosses paths with a mysterious stranger who is revealed to be a notorious war criminal and mass murderer. She then sets out on a journey that leads her to a community of refugees and that brings both profound hardship and, ultimately, the prospect of redemption. Moving from Ireland to London and then to The Hague, The Little Red Chairs is EDNA O’BRIEN‘s first novel in ten years — a vivid and unflinching exploration of humanity’s capacity for evil and artifice as well as the bravest kind of love. Guest host Mary Cummings-Jordan speaks with O’Brien about the ways in which the new novel is a departure from her past work, and why she emphasizes the roles of girls and women in her writing.
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Posts Tagged ‘occupation’
Charles Villiers Stanford was a composer, conductor, and teacher of music. He spent his childhood in Dublin enjoying many opportunities to hear concerts and performances with his parents, both amateur musicians. He attended Cambridge University before studying under composers in Leipzig and Germany. Stanford composed music of his own and taught at the Royal College of Music in London.
The Right Honorable Gerald FitzGibbon was a lawyer and judge, who shared both his name and profession with his father and his son. A graduate of the University of Dublin, he served in several prominent legal positions, including Law Adviser to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, Solicitor General of Ireland, Lord Justice of the Irish Court of Appeal.
Turlough O’Carolan, who went by Carolan, was a harpist and composer in Ireland. He was born around 1670 in County Meath and moved to Ballyfornan with his family when his father was hired by the MacDermott family. Mrs. MacDermott provided for Carolan’s education, including lessons in music and poetry. Despite a bout of smallpox that left him blind around age 18, Carolan became an itinerant musician. Soon, he began composing, creating a musical legacy. You can hear some of his melodies here.
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The library at Adama University was opened in 1993 and can seat 450 students. The library has a collection of 25,500 book, periodical, and other materials. The library was established with funding from the World Bank. The Adama University Library provides information services to 10,000 users at the campuses. The library only allows students and faculty into the library. Also the library is open to staff, other institutions, and people coming to the library to research.
The library is divided into 4 departments. These departments help to keep the library functioning.
Technical Services Department- This can be seen as the acquisition, cataloging, and preservation section of the library. This can be further divided into two units; the Library and information Technology unit and the Technical Processing Unit.
Technical processing unit which performs Acquisition, Binding, Cataloging & Classification of library materials.
Library and Information Technology unit- Coordinates the use of technology at the library. This includes performing the ICT pool coordination, Digital Library Development, Library Automation and ejournal provision. Some technologies that are used at the library are computers, e-books, e-journals, the OPAC, and e-Granary. Also they deal with printing, multimedia resources; audio and software.
Reference- direction to materials, advice, how to use reference materials
Administrative Department- This department deals with the budget, policies, and official records.
Libraries of the Adama Science and Technology University
There are six libraries in the Adama Science and Technology University
1. The Agriculture Library: This library is located in Assela campus. The library has around 11,000 books, periodicals and thesis. Moreover, it also offers information resources like E-books and E-journals.
The branch library has three sections: Circulation and Reserve, Reference and Information, and Facility and Computing Resources sections. Computing Resource Section also provides photocopying, Internet and multimedia services to the community of the university.
2. The Business and Pedagogy Library: This library is located in the Adama campus. It has around 15,500 books and periodicals. The Business and Pedagogy library also offers information resources like E-journal, E-books and Google books.
3. The Health and Hospital Library: The Health and Hospital Library is located in the Assela campus. The library has around 9,000books and periodicals. It has a seating capacity of 500. Its collection is mainly for the students and faculty members. The library also has its own circulation and reserve, reference and information, and facility and computing resources sections.
4.Humanity and Law Library: This library is located in the Adama (Main) campus. It is a new library, which was opened in October 2011. Its information resources include E-books, E- journals, Google Books and different printed collection from relevant sources.
5. Information Technology Library: This is also a new library of the Adama University, which was founded in 2005 in the Adama Main Campus. It has around 6,000 books and periodicals. Its collection is mainly for students and faculty members of the School of Engineering and Information Technologies.
6. Natural Science Library: The Natural Science Library was opened in 2008. It has around 26,000 books and periodicals and its collection is mainly for the School of Humanities and laws students and faculty staff.
The library also provides services for all users having admission service to the library. The library’s main information resources include E-books, E-journals, MITopen courseware and eGranary
Organizational Structure Of Adama University Library
Nordstrom, G. (1995). Libraries in Ethiopia: a review of recent
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Looking for ways to add color to your class? Tap into a host of great illustrations for documents, classroom decorations, and special events in the Clip Art section at abcteach.
One of the most valuable aspects of abcteach Clip Art is its ease and versatility. Want posters? You’ve got ‘em. Banners? That, too. How about props for enhancing learning centers, math/science units, or lessons on cultural diversity? They’re all here, and they’re organized under a variety of headings to help you quickly find what you need.
Here are a few pointers as you peruse our collection:
• Adjust images to a variety of sizes, large or small (for use in documents or as stand alone signs, game boards, or bookmarks)
• Images come in color or black/white versions, ready for immediate use or the artistic vision of your students
• Laminate to use in multiple subjects, for years to come
Also, did you know that Photo Clip Art is now available? Pictures can say a thousand words, so be sure to check out this growing gallery for new ideas or to supplement your planned lessons and theme units.
As you can see, the possibilities are endless – have fun exploring!
~the abcteach team
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- By Kevin Punsky
Mayo Researchers Find Cancer Biopsies Do Not Promote Cancer Spread
JACKSONVILLE, Fla. — A study of more than 2,000 patients by researchers at Mayo Clinic’s campus in Jacksonville, Florida, has dispelled the myth that cancer biopsies cause cancer to spread. In the Jan. 9 online issue of Gut, they show that patients who received a biopsy had a better outcome and longer survival than patients who did not have a biopsy.
The researchers studied pancreatic cancer, but the findings likely apply to other cancers because diagnostic technique used in this study — fine needle aspiration — is commonly used across tumor types, says the study’s senior investigator and gastroenterologist Michael Wallace, M.D., M.P.H., professor of medicine.
Fine needle aspiration is a minimally invasive technique that uses a thin and hollow needle to extract a few cells from a tumor mass. A long-held belief by a number of patients and even some physicians has been that a biopsy can cause some cancer cells to spread.
While there have been a few case reports that suggest this can happen — but very rarely — there is no need for patients to be concerned about biopsies, says Dr. Wallace.
“This study shows that physicians and patients should feel reassured that a biopsy is very safe,” he says. “We do millions of biopsies of cancer a year in the U.S., but one or two case studies have led to this common myth that biopsies spread cancer.”
Biopsies offer “very valuable information that allow us to tailor treatment. In some cases, we can offer chemotherapy and radiation before surgery for a better outcome, and in other cases, we can avoid surgery and other therapy altogether,” Dr. Wallace says.
Surgery for pancreatic cancer is “a very big operation,” and “most people should want to make sure they have cancer before they undergo surgery,” he says. One study has shown that 9 percent of patients who underwent surgery because of suspected pancreatic cancer actually had benign disease.
Dr. Wallace and his team have conducted two separate studies to examine the risk of biopsy.
In a 2013 study published in Endoscopy, the researchers examined outcomes in 256 pancreatic cancer patients treated at Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, Florida. They found no difference in cancer recurrence between 208 patients who had ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) and the 48 patients who did not have a biopsy.
In the current study, they examined 11 years (1998–2009) of Medicare data on patients with non-metastatic pancreatic cancer who underwent surgery. The researchers examined overall survival and pancreatic cancer-specific survival in 498 patients who had EUS-FNA and 1,536 patients who did not have a biopsy.
During a mean follow-up time of 21 months, 285 patients (57 percent) in the EUS-FNA group and 1,167 patients (76 percent) in the non-EUS-FNA group died. Pancreatic cancer was identified as the cause of death for 251 patients (50 percent) in the EUS-FNA group and 980 patients (64 percent) in the non-EUS-FNA group.
Median overall survival in the EUS-FNA group was 22 months compared to 15 months in the non-EUS-FNA group.
“Biopsies are incredibly valuable. They allow us to practice individualized medicine — treatment that is tailored for each person and designed to offer the best outcome possible,” Dr. Wallace says.
Co-authors include researchers from Mayo Clinic’s campus in Rochester, Minnesota.
About Mayo Clinic
Mayo Clinic is a nonprofit organization committed to medical research and education, and providing expert, whole-person care to everyone who needs healing. For more information, visit mayoclinic.com or newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org.
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Researchers at Yale School of Medicine have discovered that exposure during pregnancy to Bisphenol A (BPA), a common component of plastics, causes permanent abnormalities in the uterus of offspring, including alteration in their DNA. The findings were reported in the March issue of Journal of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB J.).
Led by Hugh S. Taylor, M.D., professor in the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences at Yale, the study is the first to show that BPA exposure permanently affects sensitivity to estrogen.
Taylor and his team used two groups of mice, one exposed to BPA as a fetus during pregnancy and another exposed to a placebo. They examined gene expression and the amount of DNA modification in the uterus. They found that the mice exposed to BPA as a fetus had an exaggerated response to estrogens as adults, long after the exposure to BPA. The genes were permanently programmed to respond excessively to estrogen.
"The DNA in the uterus was modified by loss of methyl groups so that it responded abnormally in adulthood," said Taylor. "The gene expression was permanently epigenetically altered and the uterus became hyper-responsive to estrogens."
Taylor said that exposure to BPA as a fetus is carried throughout adulthood. "What our mothers were exposed to in pregnancy may influence the rest of our lives. We need to better identify the effect of environmental contaminants on not just crude measures such as birth defects, but also their effect in causing more subtle developmental errors."
|Contact: Karen N. Peart|
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17 Cool Facts About Flavorings
Taste and flavor are not the same thing — but the two are often confused.
Flavor is how we percieve food and other substances based on a combination of senses, including taste, smell, and touch.
To learn more about natural and artificial flavors we attended a course at the Brooklyn Brainery taught by Jonathan Soma.
From the difference between real and imitation vanilla to chemicals that make up popular spices, here are some of the highlights.
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September 15, 2021
BLACK LIVES MATTER: POLICE ABUSES AND ETHNIC VIOLENCE EXIST IN EUROPE TOO
Insight by Sara Manisera, FADA Collective
The death of George Floyd in Minneapolis by a white police officer triggered a long series of protests that also reached major European cities. The people who took to the streets, united under the slogan 'Black Lives Matter', demonstrated to show solidarity with the Afro-American population of the United States, victims of systematic police violence. These demonstrations, however, also raised questions about the situation in Europe, where the problem of police racism is very often ignored by the media and institutions.
Cases of young boys of African or Arab backgrounds being killed by the police in recent years are also increasing in the European Union. As the report 'Being Black in the EU' highlights, almost a third of black Europeans experienced racist harassment in the five years prior to the report's publication in 2018. Michael O'Flaherty, director of the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (EUAFA), which compiled the report, said that "racial discrimination and harassment is widespread in the EU and racial profiling by the police is a common practice".
But what is meant by ethnic profiling?
"Any discriminatory behaviour or practice carried out by police and public security authorities or other public actors against individuals and justified on the grounds of their race, religion, national origin, rather than their individual behaviour or the fact that they fit the description of a 'suspect'". (European Commission, letter of 7 July 2006).
"The use or influence of racial, ethnic and religious stereotypes by police forces in their activities and with respect to decisions concerning the apprehension, arrest, search, identification and control of people's documents, the entry of personal data into databases, the collection of intelligence information and with respect to other investigative techniques" (J. Goldston, Executive Director of the Open Society Justice Initiative in Ethnic profiling and counter-Terrorism: Trends, Dangers and Alternatives, June 2006).
The practice of racial profiling is increasingly at the centre of numerous national and international debates. In each country it is taking on different relevance. In January 2021, young people from some minority groups living in Brussels clashed with the police after the death of a 23-year-old black boy in custody. Both the French and Spanish governments are facing lawsuits over discriminatory police checks. In France, for example, Human Rights Watch together with five other French and international organisations launched a class action against the French government to push it to adopt structural reforms to end the long-standing scourge of ethnic profiling by the police in France. Meanwhile, on 24 November 2020, the National Assembly passed a controversial 'global security' law that sparked widespread demonstrations. Debate in the Senate began on 3 March 2021 and, if passed, will make it a crime to share images and videos identifying police officers. At the same time, the law will allow police to use drones and mass surveillance mechanisms, such as facial recognition systems, which could amplify police racism and expose ethnic minorities, who are more at risk of being identified, as Amnesty International denounces.
Racial profiling by police officers in France is a widespread and well-documented problem. National and international organisations, French human rights institutions and the United Nations have called on France to take steps to prevent and punish ethnic or racial discrimination by police officers. One of the most notorious cases is that of Adama Traoré who was killed while in French police custody in 2016. After the police informed the family that he had died of cardiac arrest and tried to hastily repatriate his body to Mali, the Traoré family managed to obtain permission for a second autopsy, which found that he had died of asphyxiation. After four years of investigation, those responsible have still not been convicted.
The protests following the death of George Floyd last year caused a wave of demonstrations and indignation in France as well. His case is not the only one. According to the NGO 'La Police Assassine' ('The police kill'), almost 100 people were killed by the French police between 2005 and 2015. Plataforma Gueto, a social movement on blacks in Portugal stated that 8 blacks between 14 and 30 years old were killed by the police between 2002 and 2013.
And in Italy?
Episodes of "ethnic profiling" also exist in Italy but, as Kwanza Musi Dos Santos, 28, diversity management consultant, activist and co-founder of the association Questa è Roma explains, "we do not have the tools to measure it and to say that this is a systemic problem. Through social media and the complaints of some associations, we understand that it exists but we don't know the extent because we don't measure it and because there are no funds for research".
Dos Santos also explains the differences in ethnic profiling between Italy, France and the US. "Unlike the US and France, where black equals criminal, in Italy black is associated with foreigner. Clearly it is still racism but it takes different forms. In Italy, if they see a black person, they ask you where you are from or to show your residence permit. The truth is that the history of black people in Italy has been erased and therefore all black people are still considered foreigners. We need to invest in the training of the police to solve the problem and to avoid that these forms of racism and ignorance take on French or American dimensions".
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Eggs are an incredibly versatile food. And fortunately, they’re healthy and lower in calories than most people think! There are calories in large ( oz) of Whole Egg, frie without added fat.
You’d need to walk minutes to burn calories. Find nutritional information like calories, carbs, fat, protein and fiber for eggs. Eggs : Whole Egg, hard-boiled stars.
Egg nutrition facts support including them in your diet.
Learn the best way to prepare them for a healthy diet. There are calories in medium Egg (Whole). Get full nutrition facts and other common serving sizes of Egg (Whole) including oz and small.
There are calories in large Boiled Egg. Get full nutrition facts and other common serving sizes of Boiled Egg including slice and oz. There are calories in large Egg.
Get full nutrition facts and other common serving sizes of Egg including oz and small. For less than 1calories, one hard-boiled egg delivers at least percent of your recommended daily intake of quality protein and vitamins A . Official UK egg industry figures for calories in an egg and other nutritional information.
The nutrition facts on a carton of Egg Beaters list no fat, no cholesterol, and less than half the calories of a large egg.
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By: Tiziano Cossignani (Author)
208 pages, 3350 colour photos
African Landshells figures large parts of the African land snail fauna (as well as some of the African freshwater mollusks) with a focus on larger shelled species. African Landshells is not intended to be a scientific revision, but to help land-shell collectors with the identification of their species. A special focus is on the fauna of Madagascar, Morocco, Cape Verde and São Tomé.
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EXCELLENT SERVICE FROM NHBS. I will continue to choose them wherever possible for future purchases. Good service deserves to be rewarded.
Search and browse over 110,000 wildlife and science products
Multi-currency. Secure worldwide shipping
Wildlife, science and conservation since 1985
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The Agriculture Division of the Department of Home, Central Tibetan Administration organized a special training programme for the Agriculture Extension Officers at the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) – Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR), Bangalore on “Advances in Horticultural Production Technologies” from 15th to 17th July 2022.
The 3 day training program was attended by 16 participants with 9 agriculture extension officers (AEOs) from respective Tibetan agricultural settlements based in India, 1 from Nepal, 3 participants from the Organic research training center (ORTC), Bylakuppe along with 3 staff from the Department of Home.
The three day training programme has been very enriching and the Agriculture Extension Officers (AEO’s) participated actively and interacted extensively with the experts.
This will be followed by a two days training on Information Communication Technology (ICT) PADMA App and Farmer producer organization (FPO)/Farmer Producer Company (FPC) from 19th to 20th July at ORTC, Bylakuppe.
This training is funded by the USAID through the Tibet Fund under the TSRR program.
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Our government seems determined to ensure that fracking for shale gas will happen in this country, despite years of resistance and much evidence of the dangers this action would hold for the environment and for our nation.
This week the government published two proposed new laws regarding the environmental regulation of fracking, “which indicates commencement of such operations is likely to be imminent,” said Sandra Gore, and Gareth Howard from Cliffe Dekker Hofmeyr Attorneys.
The draft regulations will be published in the government gazette for public comment for 30 days, after which they will be reconsidered and resubmitted to the Cabinet for final approval.
Intention to frack
On 13 August he Minister of Mineral Affairs had published a notice of her intention to declare the exploration for and/or production of onshore unconventional oil or gas resources, including hydraulic fracturing a “controlled activity” under the National Water Act 36 of 1998 (NWA) – called the ‘Declaration.’
This means the Department of Water Affairs (DWA) may proclaim fracking as an activity which specifically requires a water use licence (“WUL”) before it can lawfully commence. “The intention of the Declaration is clearly to allow for greater control and oversight of fracking operations by the DWA,” said Gore and Howard.
“Then on Tuesday 15 October 2013 the Minister of Mineral Resources, Susan Shabangu, gave notice of her intention to promulgate the Technical Regulations for Petroleum Exploration and Exploitation under the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act 28 of 2002, known as “Draft Technical Regulations”.
Fracking to start soon
The Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) Director-General, Thibedi Ramontja, has stated that the final regulations would be published soon after the comment period has expired, although no definite time frame was given. He said the actual physical exploration of shale gas in the Karoo could start soon after the final regulations were published.”
Says Jonathan Deal, chairman of the Treasure the Karoo Action Group (TKAG) who has received Goldman Environmental Award for this tireless work: “this Draft Technical Regulations document consists of 40 pages. We have prepared a 300 page document on the regulations that should be in place if our country considers going ahead with fracking. In the real world science and research informs government policy and not the other way round.”
“Unlike with the e-toll issue, government is NOT going to push this through without listening to the people,” Jonathan emphasises minutes before joining the anti-fracking protest, in progress right now in Cape Town.
The protest is harnessing public disapproval of fracking to demonstrate against the energy planning environment in SA. They will deliver memorandums to DOE, DWA, DMR and Shell (starting with DWA, DMR and DOE at parliament and then marching to Shell). The intention is to voice their disapproval of:
- The Integrated Resource Plan (IRP)
- The continued support for unsustainable energy options, including fracking and coal
- Electricity tariff structure prices
- Government’s failure to finalise the Independent System and Market Operator (ISMO) Bill
“Government’s failure to deliver sound plans in these 4 critical areas is seriously undermining the environmental, economic and social fabric of our society.
We want to call on government to:
- formulate pro-poor tariff structures
- revise the IRP in an open and transparent fashion, which affirms that electricity generation and access must be treated as a public good and
- finalise and implement ISMO,” said TKAG.
The Treasure Karoo Action Group has stated that a court battle over the implementation of the Draft Regulations is inevitable.
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Fed launches plan to revive consumer lending
Bernanke and Geithner affirmed Tuesday the importance of getting credit flowing, even if it involves taxpayer money.
The Federal Reserve and Treasury’s move Tuesday to pour billions of dollars into lending markets is an attempt to address the fundamental cause of the current economic crisis.
Though concerns about the financial system have centered recently on traditional banks, the financial breakdown began when the market for securitized loans collapsed. The subprime mortgage crisis revealed that the default risk for these loans – where loan money is bundled together then sold off in pieces – was higher than forecast. When investor funding evaporated, those who depended on those loans – from small businesses to car buyers – were left stranded.
The government hopes to stimulate as much as $1 trillion in new lending. The move comes as US stock markets sank this week to new 12-year lows on concerns that the global recession is deepening, and that these credit problems – central to the downturn – remain unresolved.
“It’s a way to jump-start securitized lending, which has been problematic,” says Brian Bethune, an economist at IHS Global Insight in Lexington, Mass. It won’t end the credit crisis by itself, but “it’s going to help.”
The Federal Reserve initially announced the program, called the Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility (TALF), late last year as a $200 billion initiative. Since then, as the Fed has been working to get the program launched, the incoming Obama administration decided to make it a core element in its overall “financial stability plan.”
Even as that plan focuses on how to mend traditional banks, it also calls for Treasury funds to be used to help enlarge the scope of the Fed’s program, to spur as much as $1 trillion in new lending.
With all these efforts, speed is vital to success.
One sign of the pervasive worry about the economy: The Standard & Poor’s 500 stock index hovered around the 700 mark in afternoon trading Tuesday, a day after the Dow Jones Industrial Average sank to a 12-year low below 7000.
“The banking system continues to deteriorate as the economy deteriorates,” says Mr. Bethune. “It’s now going to take more policy action … to extract us from this recession than what they were saying even three months ago.”
So no policy at this point is a one-step fix for credit markets. But the Fed and Treasury see this one as very important.
The TALF aims to catalyze the frozen market for so-called asset-backed securities, investments in which the buyers earn a stream of income from a pool of underlying loans. The program will loan money to investors, who provide good collateral, to finance the investors’ purchase of high-quality (AAA-rated) credit securities.
“These markets have historically been a critical component of lending in our financial system, but they have been virtually shuttered since the worsening of the financial crisis in October,” the Fed and Treasury said in joint statement Tuesday.
The funds will begin flowing by the middle of this month, the statement said.
In separate hearings before Congress today, both Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke and Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner affirmed the importance of measures to get credit flowing, even if it means deploying some taxpayer money. The TALF would use Treasury funds as seed money to multiply the scale of the Fed program. Mr. Geithner also said more taxpayer money may be needed to strengthen weak banks so that they can keep lending.
Mr. Bernanke said that if federal deficits go up as a result, “I’m afraid they are unavoidable.”
The more that the market for securitized lending revives, the more loans traditional banks can make. That’s because they and other finance companies will be able to resell their loans in securities and not have to keep them in their own portfolios. Banks can only hold so many loans on their own books, especially at a time when they are struggling to maintain adequate underlying capital reserves as a proportion of loans.
The Fed-Treasury program starts with facilitating demand for the highest quality securities, but the hope is that that will have a gradual ripple effect on mid-quality lending as well.
“If there’s liquidity in the top-level market there’s the hope that there will be trickle-down, but there’s no guarantee,” says Rajeev Dhawan, director of the economic forecasting center at Georgia State University in Atlanta.
Few people expect that securitized lending will rebound to anything like the levels seen before the recession, due the breakdown in investor confidence that followed the collapse of subprime mortgage loans.
The economic downturn has also caused a wave of deleveraging, moreover, as tighter credit conditions force hedge funds and others in the financial industry to make fewer investments with borrowed money.
That in turn affects the supply of credit outside the financial sector, for households and businesses.
Still, finance experts generally say the concept of securitized credit is a sound one. What’s needed to revive it in a sustainable way is to rebuild trust in the system – such as through more reliable credit ratings and greater transparency and clarity in the investments themselves.
In the meantime, the TALF is the Fed’s way of trying to keep credit flowing. In mortgages, the government sponsored entities Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac have been playing this role, by guaranteeing securitized home loans.
“Trying to jump-start that market [for securities] will jump-start the consumer market for borrowers who are credit worthy,” says Mr. Dhawan.
The result should be more loans for small businesses and college students, and maybe even some help for the auto industry, where sales volumes have plunged to historic lows as a percentage of US population.
Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke put the issue bluntly in recent testimony to Congress. He said economic recovery depends on fixing the financial system, not just on low interest rates or government stimulus.
“It’s not just the banks,” he said. “If we’re going to get the credit system going again, we need to address the nonbank credit sources.”
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