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MOSCOW, June 26 (UPI) -- The Russian government cast such a wide net over civic organizations, the regulations govern most aspects of public life, Human Rights Watch said.
The rights organization said Wednesday prosecutors were targeting non-governmental organizations for the practice of everything from issuing reports to the United Nations to criticizing anti-homosexual legislation.
Europe and Central Asia Director Hugh Williamson said legislation regarding NGO activity in Russia is disturbing.
"The authorities have defined political activity so broadly as to ensure government control over just about any organized activity relating to public life," he said in a statement Wednesday from Moscow.
Russian President Vladimir Putin backed measures last year requiring NGOs like Human Rights Watch to register as foreign agents if they receive funding from abroad. If they fail to register, they face criminal prosecution.
Putin's administration has faced criticism for its crackdown on dissent. His inauguration last year was greeted with widespread protests.
"Russian groups were heavily scrutinized even before the 'foreign agents' law," Williamson said. "It's clear the law's real intent is to discredit and demonize groups critical of the government."
Putin defended the legislation as part of a transparency initiative. | <urn:uuid:879b59e3-22ed-4ff6-9eb2-931b1754cfc6> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.upi.com/Top_News/Special/2013/06/26/Russia-accused-of-demonizing-NGOs/UPI-66481372257882/?st_rec=49111372779380 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721008.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00116-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960012 | 238 | 1.71875 | 2 |
Here's a tutorial on how to create and use VDM stamps inside Mudbox
2011. VDM stands for Vector Displacement Maps, which can displace in
directions other than the face normal. This allows you to produce a lot
of stamp shapes you couldn't before. For more info on VDMs and
Non-Linear Displacement, see my Non
Linear Displacement In 3dsmax lesson.
This tutorial assumes you've used mudbox before and have some basic
understanding of using regular stamps.
1) Download this single face plane
obj file. We will sculpt our stamp using this mesh.
2) Open Mudbox 2011, and Import the obj file into your scene.
3) Subdivide the mesh a number of times so you have more mesh detail
4) Using the normal sculpting tools, make a shape, something that
has an undercut to it (See the Non
Linear Displacement In 3dsmax lesson for a definition of an
5) Now with your object selected, go to Maps -> Extract Texture
Maps -> New Operation -> Vector Displacement Map. Use the
Save the file to your "Stamps" directory. Notice how it
automatically places a "_vdm" at the end of your filename, so you know
this is a vdm map.
Hit "Extract", and it will create the vdm map.
6) Save your mudbox file, as you may want to go back to it later and make modifications.
7) If you want, check your vdm map with an image viewer, I like
checking it just to make sure the result isn't garbage. It should
look something like this. The different colors represent both
directional and magnitude information.
If your image instead looks black, it's possible your image viewer
can't see 32bit Floating Point Tiff images (ie, the image is probably
fine, it's the viewer that's the problem). Something like Photoshop CS4
or 5 will view the images properly. You can also view it in the Image
Browser from inside mudbox.
8) In the mudbox interface, go to the "Stamp" tab, click the
sideways arrow and say "Add Stamp".
9) Choose your vdm file. The stamp is added to the toolbar.
10) Now you can use the stamp with the sculpt tool like any other
stamp on a new piece of geometry, except this type of stamp will
preserve the undercuts.
This is great for bubbles, rock spires, and all sorts of other
details. Here's an image I made using a similar vdm stamp... | <urn:uuid:5e46d0e3-c38a-4cf9-9c7f-a1ccfce5dd11> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.neilblevins.com/cg_education/mudbox_vdm_stamps/mudbox_vdm_stamps.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00279-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.86094 | 565 | 2.671875 | 3 |
"Plone 3 Theming" was published in July 2009 by Veda Williams, a Plone developer for Groundwire. This book is full of all the information a developer would need to create a theme and apply it to a Plone site. Veda Williams does a great job of covering every area related to theming and mentioning additional products that developers may not already be aware of. This includes Chapter 2, which contains information helpful to all web developers, not just those using Plone. Throughout the book, Veda outlines best practices for theming, and I was happy to see that we at Six Feet Up use nearly all the same methods.
The book is for theming all versions of Plone 3. Plone 4 will be officially released this year, and fortunately, the theming process will be the same. The main difference in Plone 4 is that it uses a new default theme, but the old default is still available as Plone Classic.
If you struggle with viewlets and portlets, Chapter 7 contains information on how to override these templates, and Chapter 10 also provides a great walkthrough of overriding/changing viewlets in an actual theme. Following all the steps will help you to learn and remember how it's all done, and these chapters are then a great reference to come back to later. I really liked the comparison of viewlets and viewlet managers to an organization on page 133. Veda does a good job of helping the reader understand some of the more difficult aspects of theming. Something I would have like to have seen here was information about z3c.jbot. It has been a great time saver in my theming experience. read more
For those coming to Plone from a static website background, there is a bit of a learning curve to Plone. TAL is one of those things you have to learn to be able to manipulate Plone templates. Chapter 8 goes through all the TAL basics to get you started. Not only is it well outlined on how to use the different statements, there are also examples of where bits of TAL are used in Plone to help you understand how they work.
I recommend this book to Plone developers of any level. I think it's a good place to start for beginners, and a great reference for advanced developers, or developers that maybe don't know much about the theming process in Plone. | <urn:uuid:68d6b346-de81-4bc8-8466-aa683dec8bb5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.sixfeetup.com/blog/book-review-plone-3-theming | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00216-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963936 | 489 | 1.84375 | 2 |
One of the founders of the Magnavox Company was Edwin S. Pridham, who graduated from Stanford University in May 1909 with
an a.b. in physics. Prior to the founding of Magnavox in March 1911, Pridham worked with Cyril Elwell, a 1907 Stanford graduate,
on his wireless radio transmitter in Palo Alto. Other subjects covered in this history include the company's research in Napa,
California, the invention of the loudspeaker, anti-noise systems used by the military, and the company's facility in Oakland,
0.02 Linear feet (1 volume)
All requests to reproduce, publish, quote from, or otherwise use collection materials must be submitted in writing to the
Head of Special Collections and University Archives, Stanford University Libraries, Stanford, California 94304-6064. Consent
is given on behalf of Special Collections as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission
from the copyright owner. Such permission must be obtained from the copyright owner, heir(s) or assigns. See: http://library.stanford.edu/depts/spc/pubserv/permissions.html.
This collection is open for research. | <urn:uuid:5b7835ae-7b6a-44c4-ad98-8d5246e299d6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt309nf43w/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.899787 | 267 | 2.484375 | 2 |
From the Heart - How 100 Canadians Created an Unconventional Theatre Performance about Reconciliation
Over the summer of 2013, a group of over one hundred community members from 16 to 88 years old took part in an unconventional theatre production in Victoria BC. From the Heart: enter into the journey of reconciliation was performed in a beautiful 14,000 sq. ft. indoor labyrinth made from salvaged doors and windows, trees, and hundreds of metres of fabric, all lit by paper lantern lights. In the alcoves and chambers of the labyrinth, the audience encountered songs, scenes, and shadow theatre performances created by our ensemble of non-Indigenous Canadians to tell the transformative stories that have deepened our understanding about the lived experience of Indigenous peoples in Canada. We created the show to encourage dialogue about what it might mean for non-Indigenous people to take responsibility for learning more about our own history as a first step toward standing in solidarity with First Nations, Métis, and Inuit people.
This book tells the story of how the show was developed and what it was like in performance. For those with an interest in reconciliation, From the Heart offers a gripping example of how theatre can contribute to public dialogue in a creative and vital way. Community groups will be able to use the book as a model to create their own unique production of From the Heart based on the pilot project.
Visit the project website at
To order a copy of From the Heart, click here | <urn:uuid:917b5e50-7020-4d73-bd42-1b68066c019d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.willweigler.com/from-the-heart-book-page | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.945971 | 301 | 2.515625 | 3 |
We carry Local Raw Honey and Local Maple Syrup!
Raw honey that has not been pasteurized contains beneficial trace pollen from local Rhode Island Apiaries. Unlike national brands, local raw honey has never been heated, therefore not killing the trace pollen. As a result it may crystalize over time but that does not mean it has gone bad. Grocery stores do not carry the local, raw honey because of its inconsistancy in color, flavor and tendency to crystalize.
There is plain wildflower honey as well as flavor infused varieties available all year. Also: Try our many new maple syrup products that we carry from Chepachet Farms
*do not feed honey of any kind, raw or processed, to children under 2 years of age. | <urn:uuid:68afdc61-621a-4676-b775-5ed5ea6e33e6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://warwick.wbu.com/local-honey-maple-syrup | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571190.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810131127-20220810161127-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.927299 | 151 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Lead based paint was banned in America in 1978. For years though, it has remained on the walls of homes, apartments, and commercial buildings, particularly in low income areas. Lead is highly toxic to adults and children, and lead poisoning has been a hotly debated topic for decades. Paint companies, contractors, and landlords have been held responsible for disabling thousands of people.
Recent Providence Jury Verdict
In 1998, a two year old Pawtucket girl was exposed to lead in her family’s apartment. Even though she was only exposed to the toxic heavy metal for four months, her young brain was effected and left permanently injured. She will suffer from a reduced IQ for the rest of her life. In 2010, her mother filed a lawsuit against the landlord on her daughter’s behalf.
This July, the jury awarded the girl $125,000 for her injuries. After taking into account interest, the final verdict was over $350,000. The jury found that the landlord, who now lives in Florida, did not adequately address the lead paint issue in the property, which caused the girl’s injuries. Motley Rice represented the injured girl in this case. Our law firm refers the vast majority of our lead poisoning cases to Motley Rice, who do an excellent job at handling these types of cases. The landlord is considering an appeal.
Lead Paint Problems
For years, lead paint was known to cause injuries, but it was still used to coat walls in all kinds of residences. Growing concerns over lead poisoning resulted in the U.S. banning the sale of lead paint in 1978. However, since it was such a popular type of paint, it remained on the walls of millions of homes.
Lead paint “abatement” is expensive because of the skill needed to do it properly. In fact, the process of disposing lead paint can itself lead to poisoning. Small dust particles and chips of paint end up floating in the air or on the floor. Breathing these particles is very dangerous. Small children and toddlers, who have a tendency to put objects in their mouths, are at a high risk of directly ingesting the dangerous metal and becoming further exposed.
Lead Poisoning Injuries
Children often experience the most serious and devastating injuries from lead poisoning because their bodies are still developing. Lead interferes with the nervous system and can result in a malformed brain, which can lead to learning disorders and permanent intellectual disabilities. Adults can suffer injuries as well, ranging from minor flu like symptoms to kidney disease and epilepsy.
What You Can Recover
When awarding a child, juries will often take into account both past and future damages. Most importantly is recovery for medical bills, which can often be substantial due to the types of injuries sustained. Loss of future income is also considered by the jury. A child with a reduced IQ or other kinds of mental disabilities will be limited in the amount of income that they can earn in comparison to a person without such disabilities. Pain and suffering can also be awarded, as well as punitive damages, which are intended to punish the person responsible.
If you believe that you or a loved one have suffered a severe injury due to lead poisoning, you may be eligible to receive compensation. Our law firm works with lawyers that are experienced with these complicated lead poisoning lawsuits and they charge no fee unless you receive a settlement or award. For a free (no obligation) case evaluation, call our toll free number at 1-800-992-6878, or fill out a contact form on our website. | <urn:uuid:3806bcfe-cfae-4fb2-ba0b-e25c0c0f8e73> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.good-legal-advice.com/personal-injury-blog/lead-poisoning-in-rhode-island/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988725475.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183845-00510-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.97597 | 721 | 2.421875 | 2 |
Don’t sink your dollar into just any products labeled “natural” or “organic”. Even many health store brands aren’t as pure as you’d think!
By:Â Adria Vasil
Walk into a drugstore these days and you’d think every shampoo and body wash on shelves was plucked directly from the lushest patch of nature the world’s ever seen. Sure they’ve got a little ylang ylang or aloe extract somewhere in there, but otherwise, their ingredients read like an advanced chemistry student’s shopping list.
Truth is, the beauty industry is a bit of a wild west with no sheriff in sight. Anyone can call a product natural even if a tube of lipstick is 100% synthetic. That means lotions and potions packaged with pretty green leaves on the front and the word “nature” or “herbal” in their name can and, unfortunately, often do contribute to your daily chemical bath. The average woman slathers over 125 chemicals onto her scalp, body, face and lips each day (next time you’re getting ready in the morning scan ingredient lists and do your own count!). Wouldn’t be such a big deal if they were all cleared by health officials, but only 11% of the 10,500 chemical ingredients that go into making personal care products are actually tested for safety.
Here are some quick tips for picking out the greenest goods for your body.
- Put on your reading glasses: Start flipping products over and reading those tiny ingredient lists. Making sense of what’s on there shouldn’t feel like you’re trying to decode Sanskrit! Reach for beauty products with pronounceable ingredients (you can generally spot chemical names pretty easily though some natural ingredients might be written in Latin).
- Crack the certified organic code: Not all organic products are created equal. You’ll find the USDA organic seal on goods that are at least 95% certified organic (the purest of the pure). If a product is 70-94% organic it will say “made with organic ingredients.” And the rest? Well, keep in mind that plenty of beauty blends advertise two or three certified organic ingredients while the rest of their contents are totally synthetic.
- Look for the Natural Seal of approval: The Natural Products Association recently kicked off a new certification system for beauty products that are at least 95% natural. The seal doesn’t signal the ingredients are in any way organic (i.e. farmed without pesticides), but it does tell you that a lip balm, eye shadow or foot cream is largely plant- or mineral-based.
- Know your Score: Punch any product name into Environmental Working Group’s ranking of tens of thousands of personal care products and you’ll see just how it ranks on the group’s safety scale (www.cosmeticsdatabase.com). These guys cover everything from mascara to your man’s after shave and cross check the ingredients against toxicity databases. At the click of a mouse, you’ll get a good sense of which beauty concoctions are truly clean and green so you can start lathering up peacefully.
Bottom line, don’t sink your dollar into just any products labeled “natural” or “organic” (even many health store brands aren’t as pure as you’d think!).
©2009 Adria Vasil, author of Ecoholic: Your Guide to the Most Environmentally Friendly Information, Products & Services
About the Author:
Adrial Vasil, author of Ecoholic: Your Guide to the Most Environmentally Friendly Information, Products & Services, is a best-selling author and journalist for Canada’s NOW, where she has been writing the “Ecoholic” column for five years. She lives in Toronto.
For more information please visit www.ecoholicnation.com | <urn:uuid:8af08853-eab7-4a0e-80a1-8c21069c2814> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.notjustthekitchen.com/are-your-beauty-products-natural/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00341-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.910872 | 825 | 1.992188 | 2 |
When it comes on your very own non-public grooming, is there whatever extra pleasant than being crowned with a head of thick, shining hair? Do you divide your lifestyles into precise hair days and horrific ones? Does a horrific hair day depart you depressed and torpid while an excellent one propels you through glass ceilings. Guess what? You are not on my own!
According to Hoovers® polvere per capelli there are approximately sixty five,000 hair care salons in the United States with blended annual income of approximately $19 billion! A small portion of these sales are for hair cuts, however most of this cash is spent on… Hair shade.
If you’re pregnant, making plans to get pregnant or if you have a job in this sort of salons, please study the subsequent cautiously. Over 20 million Americans, by and large ladies, are uncovered to hair dyes every year. It has been estimated that as a minimum 35 to 40% of all ladies inside the United States and Europe use hair dyes. Solutions are applied either through a salon hairdresser or with the aid of individuals shopping over the counter products.
According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), worries exist relating the protection of these products. Why? Because some of the components in hair dye are considered to be carcinogenic and teratogenic (causing malformation in fetuses). Reports of hairdressers having improved threat of spontaneous abortion, congenital malformations, childhood cancer and developmental troubles exist. Older literature from the 1980’s report that men and women uncovered to hair dyes in their occupations may additionally experience extended chance of developing leukemia and cancers of the bladder, ovary, GI tract, and respiration systems. Nasca, stated within the Journal of the NCI, that there’s a better chance of breast most cancers in ladies that use hair dyes.
Pregnant girls at some stage in the world who generally use splendor products fear approximately the risk of publicity to themselves, and to their fetus, due to the probably carcinogenic chemicals contained in these merchandise. Many girls are hesitant to use dyes at some stage in being pregnant because of fears concerning chemical use and absorption with dangers to the fetus.
More regarding is the truth that many ladies are giving birth at later a long time and consequently the usage of hair dyes turns into increasingly famous. The combination of hormonal hair increase increase during pregnancy, and the improved want for coloring as a lady a long time, glaringly predicts an elevated use of those merchandise. | <urn:uuid:810e84cf-cf13-4da8-a9c6-eef7f0d5dde1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gongchuang360.com/color-me-safely-hair-dyes-in-pregnancy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573744.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819161440-20220819191440-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.951977 | 523 | 1.59375 | 2 |
1-D Motion -- free-fall
The animation below simulates an object in free-fall near the surface of the earth. Use the links below the animation to view a projectile released from rest and a projectile initially projected upward. Air resistance is neglected in the simulation. After viewing the animation, answer the following questions:
1. What is the acceleration of an object that is released from rest at the instant just after it is released?
2. What is the acceleration of an object at its peak if it is initially projected upward?
3. Consider an object that is released from rest at a certain height h above the ground and an another object that is initially projected upward from the ground and travels to the same height h. Compare their speeds as they hit the ground? | <urn:uuid:ef9f7bab-56bf-40de-9a2a-c57e137147c5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://acme.highpoint.edu/~atitus/physlets/1Dmotion/free-fall.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00487-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960398 | 157 | 4.21875 | 4 |
Some 34% of the 70% of the country’s population targeted for Covid vaccination will be inoculated with vaccines received at the Covax facility, gifts from different countries.
The government of Bangladesh has so far reached an agreement for 32 crore doses of Covid vaccine – including purchase, gifts from China, India and other countries and Covax facilities – which will reach the country in phases until April 2022.
“As we have no shortage of vaccines, we have started giving booster doses to more than 60 people, health workers, front-line people and Covid patients before the outbreak of the Omicron variety of Covid-19 “, said the principal secretary of the Ministry of Health, Lokman Hossain Miah, during the inaugural ceremony. booster doses.
The government has so far bought 21 crore of vaccine doses worth around Tk 19,000 crore and the country will get 11 crore of vaccine doses as part of the Covax facility, he adds. .
Lokman Hossain further said that 6 crore of vaccine doses would remain after fully inoculating 70% of the population as per the government’s target.
Health Minister Zahid Maleque said Bangladesh needs an additional 13 crores of Covid vaccine doses due to inoculation of 70% of the population by April next year. For this, 6.55 crore of vaccine doses will arrive in the country during this month and 9 crore of additional doses by April 2022.
“Bangladesh received 1.78 million doses of the Pfizer Covid-19 vaccine, donated by the US government via Covax. With this shipment, the American people donated 18.5 million doses of vaccine to Bangladesh,” may – read Sunday in a press release from the American Embassy.
France donated 1,197,600 doses of the AstraZeneca vaccine to Bangladesh on Sunday as part of Covax.
According to data from the Health Services Branch, Bangladesh has so far received 17 crore in vaccine doses – including Covax purchase, gifts and installation.
So far, over 6.82 crore doses of vaccine have been given as the first dose and over 4.56 crore doses have been given as the second dose, he adds.
Booster doses in 64 districts after next week
Runu Veronica Costa, head nurse at Kurmitola General Hospital and the first person vaccinated against Covid-19 in Bangladesh in January this year, has become the first person to receive a booster dose in the country.
At the inauguration of the booster program on Sunday, Health Minister Zahid Maleque said the certification of the booster dose of Covid-19 remained on hold while the Surokkha app was being updated.
“According to the Ministry of ICT, the application will be updated by December 28,” he adds.
About 60 people, including ministers, police and journalists, received booster doses at the auditorium of the Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons.
On that day, five ministers – Minister of Foreign Affairs Dr AK Abdul Momen, Minister of Law Anisul Huq, Minister of Health Zahid Maleque, Minister of Fisheries and Livestock SM Rezaul Karim and, the Minister of Posts and Telecommunications Mustafa Jabbar – received the booster doses.
After observing the health status of the booster dose recipients, the booster doses will be administered in 64 districts to frontline workers and the elderly, who received their second dose at least six months ago after the week. next.
There is no need to register further, and eligible people will receive text messages for the booster doses once the Surokkha app is updated.
Bangladesh on Sunday reported one death from Covid and 211 new cases in the past 24 hours.
With this, the death toll reached 28,048 and the number of cases rose to 1,581,083 in the country. | <urn:uuid:48318871-882e-4977-b76d-72931d290fea> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dhaka-bangladesh.com/half-of-the-target-population-will-be-vaccinated-with-covax-vaccines-gifts/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572870.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817062258-20220817092258-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.951416 | 798 | 1.875 | 2 |
Practice Relating to Rule 85. The Use of Incendiary Weapons against Combatants
Section A. The use of incendiary weapons in general
In 1973, during a debate in the Sixth Committee of the UN General Assembly, New Zealand stated that it “believed that there was a strong case for a total prohibition of the use of napalm and other incendiary weapons”.
In 1975, during discussions in the Ad Hoc Committee on Conventional Weapons established by the CDDH, the representative of New Zealand stated:
38. … As the New Zealand delegation had already said in the United Nations General Assembly and as was also stated in [a] working paper, a rule prohibiting the use of napalm and other incendiary weapons in all circumstances was much more likely to be complied with than a restriction on particular uses …
39. So far as concerned the principle of prohibiting or restricting the use of napalm and other incendiary weapons, he recalled that on a number of occasions since 1973 his Government had stated its position, which was that, while the paramount requirement was to protect civilians, such protection should not be restricted to civilians. If the use of incendiaries was prohibited only in particular circumstances or against particular targets, there would be substantial difficulties of implementation. There was a strong case for a total prohibition of such weapons. | <urn:uuid:35155fd3-bdef-4040-8326-7cf2250e86d6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/customary-ihl/ara/print/v2_cou_nz_rule85_sectiona | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.976143 | 270 | 2.421875 | 2 |
As a frequent flier, I have long wondered about the legality of charging baggage fees for those of us who are disabled and can't use the overhead bins. I have a bad shoulder, and flight attendants will not assist me. It seems to me that airlines should not charge a fee for bags for people who are disabled. Does the Americans With Disabilities Act apply?
Answer: The Air Carrier Access Act, a cousin to the Americans With Disabilities Act, applies. "[It] was passed really to address specifically these kinds of issues," Lex Frieden, a professor of biomedical informatics and a professor of rehabilitation at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, said in an interview. "It's modeled on the ADA and uses much of the same language." You can find a full copy at http://www.disabilitytravel.com/airlines/air_carrier_act.htm.
In a follow-up e-mail, Frieden, who has used a wheelchair since an accident in the '60s, wrote, "An air carrier must not require any kind of proof as a condition for the provision of transportation, except in some very limited circumstances."
"Airlines/airports are required to have a customer resolution officer (known as CRO) on duty at all times. Any person who has a conflict with airline personnel should ask to speak to a CRO immediately, and one should be made available shortly."
He recommends that travelers with disabilities carry the phone number for the aviation consumer disability hotline [(800) 778-4838 (voice) or (800) 455-9880 (TTY)] and a copy of Part 382 of the access act (www.airconsumer.ost.dot.gov/publications/disabled.htm). "These are tools that travelers with disabilities should use to ensure a safe and pleasant journey, without being distracted by conflicts with airline personnel over their right to have assistance that they need."
Alas, that's not the end of the discussion. "A lot of the things in these disabilities acts are ambiguous," says Marjorie Baldwin, an economics professor at the W.P. Carey School of Business at Arizona State University and an expert on the ADA. She notes that provisions of the carrier act say airlines should help but added that carriers "are not required to make modifications that would place an undue burden or fundamentally alter their program." She also notes that determining who has a disability can be contentious. Courts, she says, may end up as the referee.
Bonnie Lewkowicz, director of Access Northern California in Berkeley and author of the just launched "A Wheelchair Rider's Guide to the California Coast" (wheelingcalscoast.org), knows firsthand about the rigors of travel and how rules don't always protect a disabled traveler.
"I guess there's a point at which people have to take responsibility for their own needs," says Lewkowicz, who has used a wheelchair since an accident when she was a teenager. "I'm not being critical. If they know they can't put the suitcase above and they're not willing to ask someone [for help], they have to consider bringing a smaller suitcase and putting it under the seat."
Lewkowicz also suggests talking with the gate agent when checking in and seeking assistance from the agent or from another passenger. "Don't be afraid to ask for help," she says.
Must disabled travelers always take the Blanche DuBois approach? In its update to the rules, the Department of Transportation wrote, "The department does not believe that, under the ACAA, it is appropriate to tell passengers that they must learn to rely on the kindness of strangers."
Which would make anyone who knows the gap between what actually happens and the rules Blanche.
Sunday, October 24, 2010
Disabled traveler (and LA Times editor) questions whether it is fair that she is charged baggage fee
Los Angeles Times Travel editor:
Posted by BA Haller at 9:24 PM | <urn:uuid:a29e6edf-a8d1-4b15-b699-5e16d9e45c63> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://media-dis-n-dat.blogspot.com/2010/10/disabled-traveler-and-la-times-editor.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00391-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964392 | 822 | 1.828125 | 2 |
A variety of networking products aimed at small offices/home offices (SOHOs) have flooded the markets, with huge leaps having been made in wireless networking. The intent is to make it easier for SOHO users to set up networks and share data, and, for the most part, the vendors have achieved that goal.
Among these offerings is SMC’s 7004WFW Barricade Plus wireless broadband router. Aimed primarily at SOHO users, this 10/100 Mbps three-port router also acts as an 11-Mbps wireless access point, allowing clients with wireless adapters to share a broadband Internet connection. The 7004WFW is easy to set up and performs well, but some caveats make it a less-than-perfect product. On the whole, the 7004WFW is a good option, but you can find comparable products—even similar SMC offerings—that cost less.
Barricade Plus (Figure A) is packaged with the router unit, two antennae, power adapter, and setup CD. You must attach the antennae to the router by screwing them in place on the portside of the box. The manual included with the device is merely a quick start guide, but you can download a more detailed document in PDF format from the SMC Web site. You really won’t need either at first, however, because the setup CD entirely automates the initial setup process. It’s only when you get into advanced settings—filtering and security measures—that you might need to consult the manual.
|SMC Barricade Plus wireless broadband router|
SMC lists the following specifications and features for Barricade Plus:
- IEEE 802.11b compliant
- Wireless operation at 11, 5.5, 2, or 1 Mbps
- Range of up to 304.8m (1,000 ft.)
- Frequency: (US/Canada/Europe) 2.400-2.4835 GHz; Japan: 2.471-2.497 GHz
- Internet access: 10/100 Mbps WAN port connection to xDSL/cable modem
- Home networking: Three 10/100 Mbps Ethernet switch ports with MDI/MDI-X autonegotiation
- Configurable parental control by limiting access to Web sites with URL and keyword blocking
- Stateful packet inspection (SPI) advanced firewall protection
- Client privileges, intrusion detection, and NAT
- Built-in VPN tunneling
Installation and performance
SOHO users will appreciate Barricade Plus’s simple install process, which is accomplished via SMC’s EZ 3-Click Installation Wizard (Figure B). True to its name, it takes but three clicks to complete the process. The program automatically detects the settings required for the broadband connection and assigns IP addresses to the internal network.
|EZ 3-Click Installation Wizard|
You can have your wireless network up and running in a matter of minutes. SMC claims a range of 1,000 feet for the wireless signal, but you’ll find that walls greatly diminish this. Small offices will still have the freedom of networking from just about anywhere in the building, and home users will find they can obtain and maintain a connection without a problem—as long as they don’t live in a mansion. Our review of the SMC2664W wireless adapter offers information on range tests with the device. Results with different adapters will likely vary, but this should give you a good idea what you’ll be able to do with Barricade Plus and whatever wireless adapters you’re using. This article also includes details on wireless data transfer tests. As you’ll find from other tests of the device, the SMC7004WFW performs well, holding its own in comparisons with similar devices.
One benefit of using Barricade Plus is that you don’t have to pull any network cable to allow users to be able to communicate, share files, and access the Internet. It breaks down barriers that might otherwise prevent some users from being able to freely access network resources; you can take your laptops to the conference room for meetings without having to deal with an octopus of cables. The range of Barricade Plus is good enough to make it an effective tool for such purposes. Obstacles tend to degrade the signal, but you’ll still find that within the effective range you can maintain a reliable connection.
The feature that small businesses may appreciate most is that Barricade Plus can also serve as a VPN router. It represents a relatively inexpensive VPN solution, though many comparable products offer the same feature at a lower cost. The manual for setting up the VPN is not included with the package but is available for download at SMC’s Web site.
Setting up the VPN is fairly straightforward. Figure C shows the options for configuring the PPTP settings. You can create up to 20 PPTP VPN user accounts to manage remote access to the network.
You can also configure up to three IPSec tunnels. Figure D shows the interface for setting up an IPSec tunnel. Note the available encryption options for securing access.
|IPSec tunnel setup|
After the user accounts are set up and the IPs configured, all users can set up the VPN connections on their remote systems and log in with their usernames and passwords.
Via the browser interface, you can quickly and easily give telecommuters remote access to your network. Given what typical VPN routers cost, this makes Barricade Plus an attractive option. But unfortunately, it might not make for the most reliable choice.
One annoyance I encountered with Barricade Plus is that it would frequently lose the connection to the Internet. It operated flawlessly for about a month, and then I suddenly began to experience a rash of frequent disconnections. It was easy enough to restore the connection by accessing the router settings via the browser interface and releasing and renewing the configuration. Over time, though, I found myself having to do this more and more often. On one occasion, even after renewing the settings, the router was unable to reconnect. I had to completely disconnect it and turn it off to clear out the settings and then start over with the installation wizard.
Judging from other reports I’ve read scattered about the Internet, this is not an isolated experience. When I contacted SMC tech support about the issue, they sent me a beta firmware upgrade. But the upgrade failed to install correctly. The update utility could not detect the new file and, thus, could not install it.
When the SMC7004WFW works, it works well and offers many features useful to small businesses, including VPN support. It’s those times when it doesn’t work that make me reluctant to recommend it wholeheartedly. The frequent downtime would certainly blunt its usefulness as a VPN solution, especially if the disconnects occurred during nonworking hours when no one could troubleshoot the problem. In small businesses without dedicated IT staffs, this could be a real hassle.
The price tag and availability of the device are also factors that may give you pause. I couldn’t find many online vendors that currently offer the product, and the ones that do are selling it for over $200. That’s nearly double what many comparable products are currently going for. Even SMC’s own product line includes similar products that cost less. If you can find the SMC7004WFW for around $100, it would be a decent bargain, but there’s no sense paying over $100 for it when you can get better products for less.
The wireless broadband router market is getting pretty crowded these days, so the SMC7004WFW will have a tough time competing at its current price tag. And given the Internet connection issues, it may not be the best option for small businesses that need a reliable VPN. | <urn:uuid:fccf85f9-4260-4be3-bb2e-ff64fd4696d3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.techrepublic.com/article/smcs-wireless-broadband-router-offers-performance-tempered-with-caveats/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00566-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.931061 | 1,633 | 1.5625 | 2 |
Haitians count the dead, but help neighbours as hurricane Matthew kills over 264
AFP, Les Cayes, Haiti: More than 264 died and even more were hurt or left homeless in the chaos hurricane
Matthew left behind in Haiti.
But the disaster was far from the first to hit the western hemisphere’s poorest nation, and as Haitians counted their dead on Thursday they were also quick to help out their neighbours.
In the Sous-Roche district of Les Cayes, Haiti’s third city on its exposed southern coast, Dominique Osny was giving instructions to a friend helping him gather corrugated iron sheets ripped from a roof.
“I’ve been on my feet for two days without sleep. We need to help each other,” he told AFP amid the debris and destruction left when the storm passed through on Tuesday.
“Everyone is a victim here, houses have been washed away, we lost all the roofing. I lost everything, right up to my birth certificate,” he said, citing a vital document hard to replace in Haiti.
Sous-Roches Cayes was a quiet beachfront neighbourhood of the city before the storm, now drowned in mud and shattered trees.
The river level has begun to drop, but its waters are still mixed with the storm surge that inundated the beach during the hours-long battering by the Category Four storm.
“I thought I was going to die. I looked death in the face,” said 36-year-old Yolette Cazenor, standing in front of a house smashed in two by a fallen coconut palm.
Over 10 hours, hurricane-force wind blasts and heavy rain levelled all the crops in the community’s fields, promising lean months ahead even by Haiti’s impoverished standards.
“I had fields of maize and of chili peppers, and 100 mango trees and a nursery where people could come and buy pre-germinated shoots for their own plots. I lost everything,” said Junior Jetro Cherubin.
Cherubin is cheered by the solidarity his neighbours are showing in their misery, but wants the whole of Haiti to stand up as well and right some of the errors of recent history.
“It is time that we work together to re-forest this country and to train people so they know how to build sturdy homes. Otherwise, each natural disaster will be as bad as the last,” he said.
Haiti’s economic decrepitude is likely connected to its disastrous post-colonial legacy of foreign intervention and home-grown corruption.
The country has also had its fair share of natural disasters: Haiti sits on a hurricane path and in January 2010 was hit by a devastating earthquake that demolished much of the capital and left more than 250,000 dead.
Since then the nation has been struggling to overcome a cholera outbreak.
Some of its needs have been met by international aid — a religious mission Arise Haiti sent a truck to Les Cayes and an American woman was distributing food parcels as AFP visited.
But the large-scale international aid programs in place since the quake have been criticised for failing to build local capacity while spending millions on their own short-term programs.
And ordinary Haitians are sceptical of help from abroad.
“I’ve never believed in foreign aid. Please, don’t come back promising us billions again if nothing is to come of it,” said Gedeon Dorfeuille.
“And definitely don’t send in the army in again,” he declared, recalling how armed US soldiers arrived by helicopter after the earthquake “and then the aid agencies took 80 percent of the cash.”
Dorfeuille now believes that Haitians will have to care for themselves, and as the sun went down he was still working with his hammer, repairing roof after roof for his destitute neighbours.
Posted by Nazrul Islam
on October 7, 2016. Filed under State
You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0
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What is driving Putin's aggressive actions in Ukraine? Putin's behavior has prompted Madeline Albright to characterize the Russian leader as "delusional" and Germany's Angela Merkel to state that Putin is "living in another world." Our assessment of Putin's personality and political behavior suggests that he is not delusional, but rather an intelligent and decisive individual driven by a strong need for power and control. Many view Putin's actions as an attempt to restore the Soviet Union, but Putin knows the USSR cannot be reconstituted and has stated, "Those who want to bring it back have no brains." Yet, as the portrait of Peter the Great hanging in his office testifies, Putin views himself as a modern day czar, finding threats to his empire intolerable. Seeing himself and Russia as one and the same, Putin is a consummate narcissist whose every move is calculated to protect his image and goals, which are severely threatened by the current crisis.
In his autobiography, Putin describes himself as selfless and indifferent to power -- governed instead by patriotism and a desire to serve his country. But his actions say otherwise. Putin appears to believe that only he can lead the former superpower, creating a political machine to ensure the survival of his rule for decades. In 2008, when Putin "stepped down" as president, his successor, Dimitry Medvedev, increased the presidential term to six years. Medvedev then resigned after one term, paving the way for then-Prime Minister Putin to regain the presidency in 2012, with the possibility of retaining power until 2024. Moreover, Putin established his so-called vertical of power by abolishing the direct election of regional governors and making them Kremlin appointees. Rather than viewing Yanukovych as the deposed president of a sovereign nation, Putin appears to see him as a failed governor of the province of Ukraine.
Teased and bullied at school, in response to any insults or criticism, Putin immediately responded viciously to his tormentors. This was an early example of narcissistic dynamics -- an exaggerated defense overcompensating for his underlying insecurity. Putin was also incapable of handling criticism from teachers, openly expressing outrage at being reprimanded. As president, Putin continues to react intensely to criticism as any oligarch or journalist who criticizes or opposes him is likely to find themselves in prison or dead. From boyhood on, Putin has been intensely ambitious, setting his sights on becoming a KGB spy and staying doggedly focused on the path to achieve this. Putin explains that he was drawn to this career by the realization that "one spy could decide the fate of thousands of people" -- reflecting his narcissistic dreams of glory.
Arranged stunts and photos showcasing his machismo are indisputable evidence of Putin's extreme narcissism. These include riding horseback while bare-chested and fitting a tranquilized tiger with a GPS satellite transmitter. Each stunt is intended to convey the image of Putin as fearless, powerful and in control. It also is notable that these photo-shoots increased dramatically in 2008 when Putin became Prime Minister and was replaced by Medvedev. It appears this was a carefully calculated move to remind the Russian people and the world who was really in charge.
Putin's ruthless brutality was exhibited in his handling of the situation in Chechnya in 1999. The western Russian province had become ungovernable, with Chechen rebels attacking major Russian cities. When then-Prime Minister Putin was named acting president after President Yeltsin resigned, Russian forces had begun to bring the Chechen situation under control. However, instead of implementing an armistice, Putin engaged in total warfare with large-scale combat operations in Chechnya. In his autobiography, Putin indicates that the loss of the Chechen conflict would have meant the collapse of Russia -- an outlook that would underlay his brutal response to the uprising in Georgia.
Putin's tendency to see a challenge to his control in such apocalyptic terms can be traced back to his time serving as a KGB officer in Dresden, East Germany when he witnessed the breach of the Berlin wall. This signified the beginning of the end for the Soviet Union. Putin characterized this loss as "the greatest geopolitical tragedy of the 20th century" and understood it to be a consequence of Moscow's inaction, "a paralysis of power." It appears that, in his view, had there been decisive action, the USSR could still be alive today. It is this bitter memory that prompted swift action with Ukraine to forestall further erosion of his empire. He would not let Ukraine fall as the Soviet Union had.
Trained as a lawyer, Putin understands full well the commitments Russia made in the 1994 Budapest Memorandum -- to respect the territorial integrity of Ukraine in exchange for relinquishing their nuclear arsenal. This is why Putin carefully crafted a justification for occupation of Crimea as "absolutely legitimate" and a response to the "official request" for help from Yanukovych, whom he characterizes as the legitimate president. Clearly arranged by Putin, the referendum for Crimea to split from Ukraine and rejoin Russia appears to be another pseudo-legal justification for his aggressive land grab, as Putin has stated that he cannot "ignore calls for help" and will "act accordingly, in full compliance with international law." Almost immediately after the referendum passed, Putin announced the annexation of Crimea to Russia saying, "In people's hearts and minds, Crimea has always been an inseparable part of Russia." The massing of Russian troops and equipment on the eastern Ukrainian border indicates that Crimea may not be enough for Putin.
It appears Putin has two goals that are difficult to pursue simultaneously. On the one hand, Putin yearns to be viewed as a respected first-tier world leader, as evidenced by the extravagance of the Olympic games in Sochi. On the other hand, "Putin the Great" views any potential loss of influence in the Ukraine as an intolerable threat to Russian preeminence. Putin has continuously demonstrated his willingness to defend his power and influence at any cost. He believes the loss of Ukraine would be a death knell for his Russian empire, yet his aggressive destabilizing actions could oust him from the community of respected world leaders. | <urn:uuid:b3070a95-d1dc-4f34-aefd-50bbb1f1987f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.huffpost.com/entry/putin-the-great-strugglin_b_5072330 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00273.warc.gz | en | 0.978393 | 1,238 | 2.078125 | 2 |
It’s Finally Time for the West to Stand Up to Putin
For months, Russia had been meddling in the affairs of its neighbor Ukraine without having to pay a serious cost. Thursday’s downing of a passenger airplane in eastern Ukraine is a result of Western fecklessness in the face of Russian aggression. This tragedy—the murder of scores of European citizens on European soil—has internationalized the conflict in a way that should fundamentally alter the civilized world’s relationship with the regime in Moscow.
According to U.S. intelligence sources, a Russian-made missile destroyed Malaysia Airlines Flight 17, which crashed over territory controlled by Moscow-backed separatists on its way from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur. All 298 passengers and crew were killed. Early evidence is pointing to Russian-backed separatists as responsible for firing the missile. This week alone, they downed two Ukrainian military planes in the same general area, and a Russian news agency reported last month that the rebels had obtained surface-to-air missiles capable of striking aircraft flying at 72,000 feet. (MH17 was reportedly hit at 32,000 feet.)
Russian President Vladimir Putin blamed the Ukrainian government for the crash, an absurd statement even by his own standards. “This tragedy would not have happened if there had been peace on that land, or in any case if military operations in southeastern Ukraine had not been renewed,” Putin said, the geopolitical equivalent of blaming the rape victim for her misfortune. The reason why there is no “peace” in Ukraine is because of the Russian government’s barely disguised strategy of funding and equipping a violent insurgency that has now gone on for months and taken hundreds of lives. Thursday’s horrific tragedy was the consequence of Russian war-mongering; if you give guns, missiles, training, and logistical support to a band of drunken thugs, it shouldn’t come as a surprise that something like this might happen.
And so the world’s shock at the catastrophe is misplaced. For too long, Moscow’s flagrant violations of Ukrainian sovereignty and destabilization of the European security order have been met by a tepid Western response. In March, after Russia invaded and annexed the Crimean Peninsula—which Putin justified using the same rationale Adolf Hitler did of his subjugation of Czechoslovakia—world leaders loudly protested and slapped sanctions on a handful of Russian officials.
Having seized Crimea relatively pain-free (to the point where he felt comfortable boasting of sending Russian troops to take the peninsula, following weeks of denials that the suspicious “little green men” were under his command), Putin then began sending arms and intelligence officials to assist the violent separatists who had established a self-declared Donetsk People’s Republic. In the run-up to Ukraine’s presidential election on May 25, Western leaders threatened further sanctions if Russia did not stop interfering in Ukraine. The election came and went, Russian meddling never stopped, and the threatened sanctions didn’t materialize.
The following month, Russian tanks rolled across the Ukrainian border, which, on the Russian side, is heavily patrolled by Moscow’s intelligence services. Western leaders howled in protest and slapped sanctions on a handful of Ukrainian separatist leaders, but once again avoided doing anything that might “antagonize” Russia. This measure was worse than useless—the penalized rebels have no assets in Western banks, never mind plans to visit Paris or London—as it instilled a sense of complacency in Western capitals. The root of the problem is, and always has been, Moscow.
And thus far, the West has been reluctant to strike the cancer at its source. France is on schedule to deliver two Mistral amphibious assault ships to Russia, having signed a contract for the vessels after Moscow invaded and occupied another neighbor, Georgia, in 2008. This week, it was reported that Italy, which currently occupies the EU presidency, was attempting to water down a further round of sanctions. And on Sunday, German Chancellor Angela Merkel— considered one of the continent’s toughest leaders when it comes to dealing with Russia—could be seen chatting next to Putin at the World Cup in Rio de Janeiro.
Only on Wednesday did the United States and European Union announce more sanctions on Russia. But by then, it was too late. Putin had long ago decided to sow violence and discord in Ukraine, waging a proxy war against a country that had ousted a corrupt, Moscow-backed regime in favor of a Western-leaning government. Mainstream media accounts of a “civil war” fought among Ukrainians mask the reality: an old-fashioned war of aggression launched by a powerful country against a weaker one.
It is long past time that the United States and its NATO allies supply the Ukrainian military with the lethal aid it has long requested, so that it can at least defend itself and its airspace from Russia. NATO should deploy more troops to Poland and the Baltic states, which are understandably nervous about Russian designs on their territory and quietly doubt the Alliance’s Article 5 commitment stipulating that an attack on one is an attack on all. Sectoral sanctions that could cripple the Russian economy are also long overdue. And, if Russian involvement in this attack is conclusively demonstrated, Russia should be added to the State Department’s list of state sponsors of terrorism.
On Monday, Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs Derek Chollet addressed the German Marshall Fund in Washington, where he delivered a fairly rosy picture of U.S.-Russia relations. In spite of the many disagreeements, the Obama administration, he said, does not view Russia as “an adversary.” When I skeptically asked him what it would take for the United States government to revise its assessment, given everything from Edward Snowden to the situation in Ukraine, Chollet replied that he “did not want to get into speculating about where Russia can go, where the line is to cross about being an adversary or an enemy.” I hope we now have our answer. | <urn:uuid:5c42e43b-62e2-4909-bf22-ba5dbb5fe885> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/07/18/it-s-finally-time-for-the-west-to-stand-up-to-putin.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+thedailybeast%2Farticles+%28The+Daily+Beast+-+Latest+Articles%29 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00190-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959529 | 1,236 | 1.546875 | 2 |
Summing Up With Seals!
Reading to Learn Lesson
Once students have learned how to read fluently, they can begin to read in order to learn. This lesson will teach students how to use the strategy of summarization to better comprehend and remember important information from a text. This concept is something that students will use every time they read and is, therefore, a major step for third and fourth graders to master. In this lesson, students will work with expository paragraphs and whole texts; they will learn how to find the most significant phrases and facts, using these to summarize the text.
1. List of vocabulary words for review: carnivore, crustacean, submerge, environmentalist, activist, commercially
2. Computer, Elmo/Document Camera/projector, and projector screen for teacher
3. Sheet with paragraph on harp seals to model summarization:
Harp seals are found in waters of the Arctic and far north Atlantic Ocean. They are sociable animals that enjoy the company of other seals. A harp seal’s main diet consists of small fish and crustaceans. The seals have been known to dive 180 to 280 meters and can remain submerged for up to 15 minutes. Their lifespan averages 30 years. Females can birth one pup each year. Mothers recognize their pups by scent and reject every pup but their own. Harp seal mothers let their young nurse for about two weeks and then the pups are left to fend for themselves. Their mother’s milk, however, is rich in butterfat and they usually weigh 40 to 45 kilograms when weaned.
4. Whole text on Harp Seals from National Geographic website (print out 1 article per students)
5. 1 highlighter per student
6. Reading comprehension questions for assessment (1 per student)
7. Bookmark for each student with summarization requirements listed:
8. Sheet with the sentence, the carnivore chased after the small animal, hoping to catch its prey, written on it
9. 1 piece of paper per student
1. Begin the lesson with an introduction: “Today, we are going to begin discussing how to use reading in order to learn new information. The strategy we will be using is called summarization. This is an important step because now you can use what you’ve learned about reading to learn and remember new facts and ideas. With this summarization strategy, you will read longer paragraphs and learn how to pick out the most important information from the text to store in your memory.”
2. “Before we read our whole text, we are going to review some of the more difficult vocabulary words.” Put the list of vocabulary words on the Doc Cam. “The words we are going to review are: carnivore, crustacean, submerge, environmentalist, activist, and commercially. Now let’s begin by looking at carnivore. What is a carnivore?” Put the sheet with the sentence on the Doc Cam. “Listen to this sentence using the word and think about what it could mean: ‘The carnivore chased after the small animal, hoping to catch its prey.’ Think about what carnivore could mean and turn to discuss it with a partner.” Wait for students to discuss and then call on some students to share their answers. “Alright, there were some good ideas about what a carnivore is. A carnivore is an animal that feeds on meat. It does not feed on plants because that is a different type of animal. When you look back to the sentence, ‘The carnivore chased after the small animal, hoping to catch its prey,’ you can look at some of the surrounding words, like chased and small animal, and see that the definition fits the sentence. Why do you think a carnivore eats meat? What are some examples of carnivores?" Wait for the students to answer. "Good! Now let's try answer another sentence. I want you to read the sentence and fill in the blank: 'The T-Rex is a good example of a __________, as it likes to eat smaller animals.'" Call on a student to answer. " Good job! The T-Rex is a good example of a carnivore. Now let’s continue to discuss some of our other vocabulary words." Follow this example with the other words on the vocabulary list.
3. “When you read a passage and summarize its information, you will read each paragraph at a time and look for the most important facts. You should only use one sentence to summarize each paragraph, combining all of the information into one main statement.” Pass out bookmarks to the students. “This is a bookmark that has some rules for when you are summarizing the text. Look at your bookmark as I read what the rules are.” Read the rules out loud. “Later, you will be reading a text and will need to use these rules to help you summarize the most important information. You will be given a highlighter to highlight the important words and phrases. You will also use your pencil to cross out the unnecessary information, such as repeated words or small details, in the text. This will help you in summarizing the information.”
4. Put the paragraph on harp seals on the Doc Cam. (You will combine your modeling and simple practice with this activity.) “Before you begin to summarize on your own, I am going to show you an example using this paragraph on harp seals.” Read the paragraph aloud to the students. “Now let’s go through and highlight the important words and phrases in the paragraph. You will want to find the information is important to the overall topic of the paragraph, not small details or trivia information.” Call on students to help you highlight words, such as Arctic, sociable animals, fish/crustaceans, etc. “After you find these pieces of information, look at what you highlighted and find your topic sentence. Who can tell me what our topic sentence would be from this paragraph?” Call on students to share their ideas. “Good, the topic sentence would be that seals are sociable creatures that live in the north. Now I am going to lightly cross out the extra information that we didn’t use with a pencil. After I finish going through my paragraph, I would begin writing my brief, one-sentence summary of the text.” Be sure to tell the students that if they were using a longer paragraph, they would need to have a one-sentence summary per paragraph. “Now, I want you to write your one-sentence summary of the text on a piece of paper. Then, you will share your sentence with the class.” Give the students 5 minutes to write their summary and then call on some students to share their sentence with the class.
5. Pass out the harp seal article to the students. “Now it is your turn to read and summarize a text. You will be reading about harp seals. This article shares facts and information about these seals that live in the north. How do they travel around? Why do they look the way they do? Why is there conflict with the harp seal? You will have to read the article to find out. You will work to summarize this article like we just did with the other paragraph. Use the rules listed on your bookmark and find the important information in each sentence. You should also use your highlighter to highlight the important words and phrases, as well as your pencil to lightly cross out the useless information. When you are finished, write a summary of the passage using your article. You should have one sentence per paragraph with only the most important information included.” While the students are completing this activity individually, walk around the classroom to make sure that they are on task.
6. To assess the students’ abilities to summarize the passage, collect their summaries. Look to make sure that they follow the rules of their bookmark. They should:
1. Have a topic sentence for each paragraph
2. Include only the most important details
3. Delete unimportant or repeated details.
To assess the students’ comprehension of the text, pass out a short worksheet with the following “putting it together” questions:
1. How do the harp seals travel around?
2. Why do the seals look the way they do?
3. Why is there conflict with the harp seal?
Canadian Geographic. Animal Facts: Harp Seal.
Kilgore, Katie. Sum It Up!!
Lancaster, Allie. Summarization for the Nation!
National Geographic. Harp Seal. http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/harp-seal/
Pierce, Morgan. Flipping Over Summarization.
Click here to return to Awakenings index. | <urn:uuid:53041d0c-141d-4137-bb13-8eeccb41b77a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.auburn.edu/academic/education/reading_genie/awakenings/roebuckrl.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00434-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.929654 | 1,860 | 3.25 | 3 |
The general district court handles traffic violations, hears minor criminal
cases known as misdemeanors, and conducts preliminary hearings for more serious
criminal cases called felonies.
Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court
The juvenile and domestic relations district court hears all matters involving
juveniles such as criminal or traffic matters. Juvenile delinquency cases are
cases involving a minor under the age of 18 who has been accused of committing
an offense that would be considered criminal if committed by an adult. Other
juvenile offenses may be referred to as status offenses. Status offenses are
those acts that are unlawful only because they are committed by a minor.
In addition, this court handles other matters
involving the family such as custody, support and visitation. The court also
hears family abuse cases, cases where adults have been accused of child abuse or
neglect, and criminal cases where the defendant and alleged victim are family or | <urn:uuid:0ea16a1b-d6cc-4124-8dfc-f5923908a26e> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.norfolk.gov/Courts/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988722951.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183842-00211-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952508 | 190 | 1.921875 | 2 |
What are the insects? In particular the one top left (greenbottle?) and the larger ones with buff-coloured wing bases.
No interactions present.
As well as the Mesembrina, there is a hoverfly Episyrphus balteatus (bottom right of umbel) and a small and possible Neoascia hoverfly (top right of umbel).
My Flickr photos...
Lat/Lng: 56.272075, -3.461992
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Jewish Village of Shikhin Excavated in Galilee
From the Jerusalem Post:
Archeologists say they have found remains of the ancient Jewish village of Shikhin, located in the central Galilee, which could be instrumental in the study of Jewish life in the region and the origins of Christianity.
Dr. Mordechai Aviam of Kinneret College’s Institute for Galilean Archeology and co-director of the Shikhin expedition, said on Sunday the findings so far include evidence of an ancient synagogue and remnants of pottery production.
The expedition is a joint project led by Aviam, Samford University Religion Professor James Riley Strange and Kentucky Christian University Biblical Studies Professor David Fiensy.
Aviam said the project, which has included two years of excavations thus far, would help to answer crucial historical questions surrounding the identity of the Galileans.
“Who were the Galileans?” he asked. “Where they remnants from the First Temple period? Were they people who came from Judea? Were they people who converted [to Judaism]?” Aviam noted that the village is mentioned along with neighboring city Sepphoris (modern Tzipori) by first-century historian Flavius Josephus, and in the Talmud as a village home to many potters.
The story continues to describe the record number of oil lamp molds that have been discovered at the site.
HT: Joseph Lauer | <urn:uuid:aca633a8-e1b4-41b8-bd9e-570242d0da8c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://blog.bibleplaces.com/2013/08/jewish-village-of-shikhin-excavated-in.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00300-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956252 | 300 | 2.265625 | 2 |
ART 103 - 3D Digital Fabrication and Printing
1.00 Credits, 1.50 Contact Hours
.50 lecture periods 1 lab period
Introduction to 3D digital fabrication techniques. Includes fabrication software and equipment safety, and individualized projects.
Information: May be taken two times for a maximum of two credit hours. If this course is repeated, see a financial aid or Veteran’s Affairs advisor to determine funding eligibility as appropriate.
Course Learning Outcomes
- Demonstrate the use of digital fabrication software and safe operation of equipment.
- Create an individualized project using digital fabrication techniques.
- 3D Fabrication Software and Equipment Safety
- Scanner software
- 3D modeling software
- Laser cutter/engraver software
- Individualized Project Possibilities
- Non-representational form
- Functional object
Full Academic Year 2020/2021
Add to Portfolio (opens a new window) | <urn:uuid:b8df2f4a-bf8b-452b-a3bc-8b67957c38c4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://catalog.pima.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=5&coid=12039&print | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00675.warc.gz | en | 0.784555 | 211 | 1.78125 | 2 |
What should you watch out for when parameterizing the watchdog time when a ring redundancy is established with the Media Redundancy Protocol?
The media redundancy function ensures network and plant availability. Redundant transmission paths (ring topology) ensure that when one transmission path fails an alternative path is made available.
The Media Redundancy Protocol (MRP) is a component of the PROFINET standardization in compliance with IEC 61158. An overview of the PROFINET IO controllers and IO devices that support the Media Redundancy Protocol and for which the Media Redundancy Protocol can be enabled is available in Entry ID: 44383954.
If one transmission path fails, reconfiguration of the network, i.e. switchover to the redundant transmission path, can take up to 200ms. 200ms is the maximum reconfiguration time for 50 devices in the ring.
If the watchdog time of the PROFINET IO device is less than the switchover time, then it might happen that OB86 temporarily reports subrack failure/return.
Increase the watchdog time by
- Increasing the update time or
- Increasing the number of accepted update cycles with missing I/O data.
The watchdog time is the product of the parameters "Update time" and "Number of accepted update cycles with missing IO data". The watchdog time must be greater than 200ms to avoid module failure through redundancy switchover.
Follow the instructions below to increase the watchdog time.
- Open the hardware configuration of the SIMATIC S7-300 station that is functioning as PROFINET IO controller.
- Mark the PROFINET IO device in the hardware configuration. Double-click the PROFINET interface in the slot table of the PROFINET IO device to open the "Properties" dialog of the PROFINET interface.
- In the "Properties" dialog of the PROFINET interface, you switch to the "IO Cycle" tab.
- Set the values for the "Update time" and "Number of accepted update cycles with missing IO data" parameters so that the watchdog time is greater than 200ms.
A sample application of ring redundancy with the Media Redundancy Protocol (MRP) is available in Entry ID: 33696406. | <urn:uuid:5deaade5-3ea1-4a6c-b17e-e2bfabbb6c0a> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/document/46636225/what-should-you-watch-out-for-when-parameterizing-the-watchdog-time-when-a-ring-redundancy-is-established-with-the-media-redundancy-protocol?lc=en-WW | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719547.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00394-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.803959 | 474 | 1.882813 | 2 |
Improving Employee Morale - A complete guide to uplifting your employee spirits
What is Employee Morale?
Employee morale is the overall outlook, emotion, and satisfaction of employees towards their jobs and workplace environment. The way they perceive their workplace often decides their productivity. An employee with high morale is happy and enjoys his work. On the contrary, employees with low morale are dissatisfied and keep a negative outlook on their work. When its high, Productivity and performance rise. When it's low, individuals drag themselves to work and are unmotivated, which can lead to disagreements, poor performance, and income loss.
Here are a few strategies you can use to increase employee morale
Don't put too much work on your workers' plates. Job overload can lead to Discontent resulting in worse job quality and productivity. Make sure workers' Expectations aren't too high so they don't become burned out.
Honour their accomplishment
Your staff feel valued and that their efforts are contributing to the greater good. Take the time to thank your staff when they go above and beyond to finish an assignment.
Morale may be improved via effective communication and clear expectations. Informing employees on issues that influence the company shows them that you care about their requirements.
Managers who are out of touch with what is going on in the office are prone to overlooking staff morale. Managers can discover moral concerns by conducting frequent employee satisfaction surveys.
Another excellent way to enhance employee morale is by getting them tools that make them efficient, productive and valued
A well-timed gift has the potential to drastically improve your employees' day. A meaningful employee gift can be useful in helping improve team morale. Adding a boost of positive energy to your team can go a long way in improving morale across your team, which makes work more enjoyable for both you and your employees.
A Poll conducted that resulted in claiming that More than 80% of employees feel that corporate gifts have enhanced their overall connection with their employers.
Understanding the benefits of corporate contributions will help you establish an effective corporate giving plan that will help your company flourish.
Here are some unique gifts which you as an employer can gift to your employees
WIFI Router UPS:
There is no tolerance for any form of disruption in today's environment. Because the world now revolves around the Internet, being unable to access it while working or doing a critical task is both unpleasant and troublesome. Disruptions of this sort may result in unpleasant experiences at work and in the workplace. This highlights the significance of WIFI UPS in maintaining a stable working environment. UPS for WiFi routers can save up a lot of disruptions in the work of your employee. "Wifi Router UPS" are portable UPS which are not specific to wifi routers only. They can provide power backups to any electronic/electrical device with an adequately low power rating that matches its output.
Laptop Power Bank:
Power banks for laptops are one of the best things you can gift your employees to boost their morale. A laptop can serve as a great power backup for a laptop. External batteries that act as a backup for your Laptop are known as power banks for laptops or UPS for laptops. Laptop power banks offer the particular benefit of being very portable and cost-effective.
A car inverter:
A car inverter might be a terrific way to increase your employee's morale. One of the most significant advantages is that a vehicle inverter may provide power backup for your Laptop when the batteries are running low. When your gadget runs out of power, you can use a car inverter to charge it.
If you're unsure, trying to figure out the perfect present for your employees or if you are convinced with the products mentioned above, Energy Intelligence is an absolute stop for you to find all your solutions. Energy Intelligence has designed State-Of-Art products that can best fit corporate gifts. Products such as Car inverters, Router ups and power banks for laptops can be the perfect gift for your employees to save them from power outage anxiety.
Our goal is to facilitate this transition to electric mobility and energy storage in India.
Energy Intelligence is a band of technologists with over 40 years of experience in the IT business. We have extensive hardware, software, and firmware experience, ranging from amateur tinkering to developing and maintaining multi-million dollar organisations. Our the product line comprises the following:
- Laptop Car Charger/UPS for laptop
- Router Ups
- Ups for a Wifi Router
- Laptop Power Bank
- Wifi Ups
- Power Backup for Laptop
- Car Inverter
- Car Laptop Charger
- Ups for Led Tv
- Power Bank for Laptop
- Li-ion UPS | <urn:uuid:08be1ad9-f863-431a-a4fd-d9dd2774b165> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://energyintelligence.in/blogs/news/ee-morale | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00076.warc.gz | en | 0.954021 | 974 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Being a teacher means you help enrich children’s lives, not just through core educational skills like mathematics, reading, and science, but also responsibility, analytical skills, and building self-confidence.
Nothing makes a teacher prouder than seeing their students succeed, knowing they have helped give kids the skills they need for the future. You’ll find that many teachers relish in their teaching careers due to the rewarding aspects of the job.
Influencing the Future
As a teacher, you are giving children the skills they need to go out into the world and succeed. It really doesn’t matter at what stage in a child’s life this happens, so whether you are teaching five-year-olds letter sounds or high schoolers about photosynthesis, you are giving them what they need to go on and do bigger and better things and build upon those skills.
Help Build Self-Esteem
Teaching isn’t all about learning ABC’s and 123’s. It’s about building confidence in students to help them with the drive to succeed. Academically, this could be helping a child get through a lesson they find particularly difficult. Spending that little bit of extra time to get them through something they’re struggling with and seeing how excited they are when they start to make connections makes it all worth it.
This isn’t just when it comes to academic things too; it can be about making friends, finding the encouragement to present in front of the class or even with some guidance on what to do for the future and applying for university. You are your students’ biggest cheerleader in school, so let them know about it and give them the self-confidence they need to keep going.
You Get to Work in a Fun, Creative Setting
Long gone are the days where classrooms were drab and dull, and the only colour around was that on the textbooks. Now classrooms are fun, vibrant places of learning where creativity is encouraged. Teachers often get a bit of creative freedom when it comes to how they want to arrange their classroom. It should emulate a positive feeling and create a pleasant learning environment. You get to make it a welcoming place that your students (and you!) will want to spend their days in. How many other professions allow you to do that?
Every Day is Different and Exciting
Teaching means that every day is different, no mundane or repetitive work here! Sure, you will have to grade papers, have routine meetings, and do paperwork, but for the most part, no two days are the same. Every day you will work on different tasks with your students, and of course, they will never bore you either!
Each day is a chance to work with young minds and teach new things. One thing you will see every day, though, is the smiles on children’s faces as they work and play in the classroom you have set up for them.
You Make Learning Fun
Kids will come into your classroom excited to learn when you make lessons more fun and enjoyable, and there is really nothing better than seeing your students eager to learn. Reading about a topic is great, but putting it into action is even better, such as running an experiment or doing a particular kind of art project whilst incorporating new skills. Often, kids are excited to tell their parents about what they did that day when learning is fun!
Why not take your teaching skills overseas with Point to Point Education? We put talented teachers in positions around the world.
If you’re ready for more opportunities, such as teaching in the UK and beyond, then contact us to get started. We’ll talk you through the process and answer any questions before helping you make that career leap.
The NFER has recently published their annual report on the Teacher Labour Market in England (2021). The key findings show that The Covid-19 lockdown in March 2020 led to a…Read More | <urn:uuid:cfaaa918-d175-48e3-b016-75e4ba1ab4f9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.pointtopointeducation.co.uk/blog/5-most-rewarding-moments-every-teacher-experiences/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570793.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808092125-20220808122125-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.970498 | 811 | 3.375 | 3 |
I am going to win this competition.
Suck it, NEETs
This year, Mark Zuckerberg wants to be more like Tony Stark. In a Facebook post Sunday, the social network’s founder and chief executive said his personal challenge for 2016 is to build an assistant powered by artificial intelligence to help him at home and work. “You can think of it kind of like Jarvis in Iron Man,” Mr. Zuckerberg wrote, referring to the AI assistant used by Mr. Stark, the movie’s fictional main character played by actor Robert Downey Jr. Mr. Zuckerberg said he would code the AI assistant himself and start by exploring pre-existing technologies. He will train his virtual assistant to understand his voice so he can control various functions in his home. “I’ll teach it to let friends in by looking at their faces when they ring the doorbell,” Mr. Zuckerberg wrote. “I’ll teach it to let me know if anything is going on in Max’s room that I need to check on when I’m not with her. On the work side, it’ll help me visualize data in VR to help me build better services and lead my organizations more effectively.”
>Is he writing it or is he having some contest for other people to write it?
He's writing it. I do agree that it's laughable that he thinks he can just teach himself neural networks in a matter of days. We'll see.
His challenges are laughably easy though
>Open door when friends recognised at gate
Easy, project oxford their faces. Boom
>Turn lights and shit on/off at command
Wow what is IoT, again all done through project oxford
>Recognise when his little girl needs help
Admittedly this is a little more interesting, but I'm certain I could come up with something
Im considering just shelling out a few thousand for ads about how fucking easy this stupid shit is and beat him to the mark and get free press
> neural networks in a matter of days
I don't see why that's not possible. My AI class only spent about 2 lectures on neural networks before we had to implement it to classify plants.
Standard neural networks aren't difficult to learn. It's more about making them suitable for the training data you're trying to give them. I'd say convolutional networks are more likely to be used though.
True, i was thinking that and detection of large amounts of motion. Problem is there's little distinction between a scream when the kid is having fun and a scream when they're note.
But I guess for a baby this would be irrelevant? Pretty much any sound they make is just crying.
ßo®®¥, m∑åN† †o ßåY
No, I mean depriving kikes of power.
Suckerberg bans permanently people for having anti-immigrant thoughts about Europe, not mentioning banning for insulting mudlimes and kikes (and ignoring all insults to christians and others). This piece of shit deserves being cucked.
Easy hack to get into his home:
Print out a face of him and/or his friends, create a mask and now you have access.
This 'realizing that something is wrong with somebody' thing is pretty complicated and actually has some ongoing scientific research.
Some things may be easy to recognize, but others may be more complicated than he expects it to be.
I don't think it's impossible though. There are solutions to a lot of problems already after all, and what he will probably do is put them together in a working assistant.
There will be a lot of difficulties still in that.
It's a private business, they can do whatever they want.
Blame the retarded cunt consumers who use a shitty service that spies on them and tracks all their moves (and also ran by a racemixing kike).
hahaahhaahha, check out the leaked documents by snowden. Facebook is collaborating with NSA in exchange for tax relief
not mentioning the official US govt documents.
Actually all you have to do is shoot a little laser (no...not a painful one) into the eye and see if it reacts to it (there would be at least a little bit of movement). That's how you defeat the "printed face" thing. Of course then...you've just made an aiming mechanism that could be used in a turret of some sort (a precursor to bad times).
>I am going to win this competition.
>I do agree that it's laughable that he thinks he can just teach himself neural networks in a matter of days
Its really not that complicated if you already know calculus. I thought myself in like two weeks with nothing to help me but the internet. | <urn:uuid:decd1314-7ccc-4a05-8a5b-94b7870d8655> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://4archive.org/board/g/thread/52242497 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00191-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.957149 | 999 | 1.601563 | 2 |
I have a new state-of-the-art heroine and her name is Dr. Victoria Bateman. For her birthday she and her husband decided to commission a painting of her by the Artist Anthony Connolly. In the nude.
What do you think when I tell you Victoria is also an Economics Fellow at Gonville & Caius College, Cambridge?
In many ways it’s really such a simple thing – a naked body – but what she has done has sent blasts through so many mental walls. It’s a beautifully observed and performed satire on perceptions, maximally liberated and impeccably crafted introducing a huge pink elephant to hang languorously in the air….that society does not believe a nude can be an intelligent, academic woman, comfortable in her own skin.
Victoria says: ‘When I first came up with the idea I thought it would be a conventional portrait but the more I thought about it, I realised that doesn’t really represent the truth about me. The more I went through the artistic process, the more I began to think about women and their role and portrayal in society. At the age of 34 I am comfortable in my own body. Reaching a certain age and realising that life is not infinite, I wanted to capture a moment in time. Initially this snapshot was going to be conventional. But the more I thought about it, the more I could see the value in creating a work that was both ‘honest’ – that showed me comfortable in my own skin – and that, as in my academic work, was not afraid to break through the pre-existing barriers and to raise important questions.’
Unlike so many historic nudes there’s a different power of suggestion and behaviour in her portrait. In the past many poses have been of women caught unawares, captured in an unwitting moment, an onlooker peeking round a door. But here Victoria stares directly out giving the painting an extraordinary force. She chose a natural, relaxed pose, beyond the superficiality of a TV soap, which says more for female body confidence than any written word ever has.
‘My view is that we will never eradicate the overtly sexualised images of women – they will always be profitable to produce, as well I understand as an economist. instead I feel that the best way of providing an antidote is to also make sure that we show women as they truly are – it is a confident, relaxed, natural and of a named woman who is not being objectified with fake additions and photoshopping.’
‘Some people might say I’m not better than a page 3 girl but the message behind it is I am not just a body. ( And conversely – I’d say – that she is not just an academic – she has a body) ‘I wanted to show that each woman has a female figure that literally walks around with her every moment in her life – it’s not simply sexual.’
Victoria Bateman has weilded the power to defy industry moulds and underline herself as an individual. I love her because too many people let who they are become secondary to what everyone else wants them to be and it’s then that we build up walls for ourselves and others.
Bravo Victoria! Brave, courageous and brilliant.
Laters, Kate x | <urn:uuid:0d7ce670-e847-4a17-86d9-51a951d398e3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://maisonbentleystyle.com/tag/cambridge/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572870.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817062258-20220817092258-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.973045 | 690 | 1.523438 | 2 |
Ordinary citizens are increasingly using social media to protect themselves in Latin America.
Violent crime rates in Latin America are six times higher than in any other region and most residents have little trust in the state’s ability to fight crime. Several communities have taken to social media to boost security.
Violent crime has soared in the past decade with murder rates for Latin and Central America four times higher than the global average in 2011, at 29 per 100,000 people, according to a 2013 UN Development Programme (UNDP) report.
In parallel, internet access in Latin America has multiplied thirteenfold in the past decade, providing communities with new ways to report crimes in near anonymity, share information on violence hotspots, mobilize community policing and organize protests calling for greater security.
“The use of social media can allow for the scale, speed and specificity that most traditional approaches [to fighting crime] lack,” Robert Muggah, Director at the Igarapé Institute told IRIN news.
Today, ordinary people are banding together with smartphones and social media to protect themselves from crime.
The Argentinian social media group Basta de Inseguridad (Enough of Insecurity) has recruited nearly 100 supporters to periodically protest what they call poor policing throughout Argentina.
Meanwhile, in Mexico's Ciudad Juarez - one of the most violent cities in the world, according to a March 2013 study in the International Journal of Stability - neighbourhood groups have taken crime management into their own hands, or smartphones.
Communities rely on text messaging and mobile calls to alert one another about crimes.
In Monterrey, in southwestern Mexico, the Centro de Integracion Ciudadana (CIC) – a public-private partnership founded in 2004 - crowd-sources crime data from Twitter and Facebook. It has 47,488 Twitter followers and 10,118 Facebook “likes”.
CIC receives thousands of texts, tweets, Facebook posts, emails, calls and drop-ins reporting crimes every day, according to its records. The organization compiles social media reports for the authorities to review and investigate.
One concern, however, is that the internet not only has empowered citizens to exercise their rights, but also enabled and extended the reach of gangs, cartels and organized criminals,” the Igarapé Institute reported in a study on cyber crime, which found cyber-crime threats are highest in countries with the greatest number of online users, including Argentina, Brazil and Mexico.
In Mexico, at least four bloggers have been murdered in recent years after criminals traced their identities. Their bodies were placed in public areas with threats pinned to them, an effort to discourage further citizen reports.
Source: IRIN News
Photo: Dennis Jarvis / Flickr Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic (CC BY-SA 2.0)
The Brussels based United Nations Regional Information Centre for Western Europe - UNRIC provides information on UN activities to the countries of the region. It also provides liaison with institutions of the European Union in the field of information. Its outreach activities extend to all segments of society and joint campaigns, projects and events are organized with partners including the EU, governments, the media, NGOs, schools and local authorities.
United Nations Regional Information Centre for Western Europe (UNRIC Brussels)
Residence Palace, Rue de la Loi/Wetstraat 155, Block C2,7th and 8th floor, Brussels 1040, Belgium
Tel.: +32 2 788 8484 / Fax: 32 2 788 8485 | <urn:uuid:de76fef8-8992-42ec-82c0-4000b7772060> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.unric.org/en/latest-un-buzz/28811-hands-up-its-social-media | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00459-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.914636 | 731 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Looking for Garden Lawn Equipment Repair? Find it at Leisure.com
Lawn & Garden Equip & Supls Svs Repair
Lawn and garden equipment is necessary to maintain a manicured yard. Equipment such as sprinkler systems, gardening tools, lawn mowers, and cutting supplies are just a few examples of equipment a typical home or business owner needs. A well trimmed lawn and pruned garden reflect on the homeowner, so keeping up the yard is a desirable thing.
However, lawn and garden equipment and supplies tend to break down, wear out, and require parts replacement after awhile. Your hedge clippers will only stay sharp for so long, and the lawn mower you bought used when you first moved into your house is getting on in years. You could buy all new equipment and supplies, but that can get very costly. Your other option is to take your equipment to a professional to get fixed.
Lawn and garden equipment and supplies services and repair technicians can provide repair and maintenance for residential homeowners, commercial companies, and construction contractors. They can fix the equipment on site, or back at their shop. They may be able to fix anything from machinery and mowers to tools and pruning supplies. They may work for a nursery, for a home improvement center, or own their own business.
Some of these professionals sell products such as turf, organic garden supplies, lawn care chemicals, decor items, and sod. They may also offer tree removal services and landscaping. Consumers looking for product sales, rentals, and repair services can seek out a repair technician in online directories, through professional affiliations, and through recommendations at home improvement stores.
The spade was one of the very first tools invented back in 1100 BC. Craftsmen such as blacksmiths custom made lawn and garden tools. Sheers, too, were used to prune grape vines and trees.
To find a landscaping contractor to come out to your home or business and perform maintenance checks on your equipment and machinery you will need to get some recommendations from others. Construction for a nursery can be labor intensive, but hiring the right contractor to come to your house and do the work may be your best option. A landscaping contractor will provide his own tools and supplies. Lawn care can involve installing a sprinkler system of having a company mow your lawn as often as you want. Planting, pruning, and cutting are only some of the services a general landscaping contractor will perform. Planting large trees at commercial or residential sites will need trustworthy equipment and machinery to keep everyone safe. Some will work for commercial businesses to lay down sod or turf, while others will work for residential homes. If you need a contractor to do some repairs on your own machinery, you can call and get an estimate for how much they will charge. You may also find great rental prices on products that you will only be using to get one job done, such as planting a tree, spreading organic soil in your garden, or having decor placed in your yard. To find a lawn maintenance crew to come to your home you can ask neighbors if they have any favorites that they can recommend. Browsing the Internet is also a great way at finding rental equipment or construction crews to come out and do your landscaping needs. You can ask various contractors when they believe they can get the work done for you, how much they charge for certain services, and discuss how often you want somebody to come out for lawn maintenance. | <urn:uuid:df08df43-2e72-481d-a6bc-02df7f7be191> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.magicyellow.com/category/garden_and_lawn_equipment_and_supplies_service_repair/beaumont_tx.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280730.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00249-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96532 | 704 | 1.53125 | 2 |
There's a lot of talk in business circles about best practices. But what exactly makes a practice "best"? In particular, who are the arbiters and judges who set the standards of practice in our industry? And where are said practices to be found by individuals or organizations seeking to implement a CMS?
Calling something a best practice implies a standard of excellence that has been proven to work within an organization. It must be describable and measurable. It should be repeatable but also adaptable to varying conditions in other organizations.
Sharing best practice knowledge is one of the stated goals of a "community of practice," an increasingly used content industry buzz phrase. McKinsey & Co. defines a community of practice as "a group of professionals, informally bound to one another through exposure to a common class of problems, common pursuit of solutions, and thereby themselves embodying a store of knowledge." But even if a small community agrees on a particular best practice, where is the motivation for them to share their knowledge with one another and the wider industry?
A typical individual's reaction is "What's in it for me? If I publish my knowledge, when the next layoffs come, I'll be expendable if everyone knows my stuff." A typical enterprise reaction is "What's in it for us? If our methods get to our competitors, we'll be killed in the marketplace." And in these days of outsourcing concerns, a typical national reaction might be "What's in it for the country? Knowledge is intellectual capital and if we give it away, the work will go to the lowest-paid labor with this knowledge." It's a tragedy of the commons. Everyone wants something out of a community of practice, but few want to put anything valuable in.
Industry associations overcome some of these tendencies and are often a source for best practice advice. Members may be product vendors, hoping to show tools that embody a best practice, or enterprises that have overcome their inherently competitive nature to identify knowledge and share it with others.
AIIM, the Enterprise Content Management Association (www.aiim.org), annually recognizes a few winners with its Best Practice Award. APQC, the American Productivity and Quality Center (www.apqc.org) accepts submitted practices from its member organizations (which pay five-figure annual dues for the privilege). From these, a small number of practices are accepted as "benchmarking candidates." Documents describing an organization's practice are "sanitized" to remove organizations' identities, so judging isn't biased by reputation. Content Technology Works is an unusual industry initiative created to assess, document, and distribute hype-free case studies and best practices in content technology, making them available on a public site (www.gilbane.com). Initial case studies were nominated by CTW Partners (all vendors), although independent contributions are welcome.
Most of the large analyst and consulting firms purport to be describing best practices in the expensive reports they author. And most of the IT system houses—from the Big 5 through system integrators and even many a small content management boutique—will claim to offer clients best practice advice. And let's not forget the top lecturers and authors who make the circuit touting that their seminars and publications include best practices. Dollar for dollar, affordable books on content management, like Bob Boiko's Content Management Bible and Ann Rockley's Managing Enterprise Content, provide the best value in advice.
So now that I've outlined the good, bad, and affordable in CM best practice-purveyors, I want to discuss the latest entry into the fray: CM Professionals (www.cmprofessionals.org). This new membership organization, of which I am a founding member, plans to provide a community of practice that enables CM practitioners to share information, strategies, and yes, practices—hopefully some of the best. We have identified specific practice areas and will research and develop candidates for benchmarking. These include business issues like getting stakeholder support, making the business case, and assembling the project team. Of course, we will cover content issues including auditing content, aligning content strategy to business strategy, building categories, controlling vocabularies, information structure, and designing for reuse. And where would CM best practices be without the technical and navigational issues, which include search, personas and scenarios, use case testing, content conversion and migration, metadata tagging, roles-based workflow, requests for proposals, and vendor selection.
Sure, Fortune 1000 enterprises that belong to APQC are lucky to be able to take advantage of that organization's best practices. But if you are a freelancer or part of a small team implementing CM, consider joining the new CM Pros community of practice and participate in the process of deciding for our industry what constitutes a best practice. | <urn:uuid:9599e154-e870-4eb5-93a1-2f50146fc40a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.econtentmag.com/Articles/Column/I-Column-Like-I-CM/(Communities-of)-Practice-Make-Perfect-7626.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00018-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935704 | 973 | 1.679688 | 2 |
Ultraviolet blood irradiation (UVB) therapy is also known as biophotonic therapy, photo-oxidation therapy, or photoluminescence. A photo-oxidation (UVB therapy) treatment consists exposing a sample of the blood to an ultraviolet (UV ultraviolet A and C wavelengths) light briefly.
Ultraviolet light has been used as a disinfectant for many years; most contaminated objects can be cleansed rapidly of viruses and bacteria by exposure to this kind of light.
However, the most dramatic effect of ultraviolet irradiation is the stimulation of the immune system and various enzyme systems. Through a mechanism which probably involves increased production of lymphokines, the immune system is activated to “attack” either cancer cells or invading organisms.
Blood (100-200 ml depending on body weight) is withdrawn from the arm using an IV needle and tubing. The blood is then run through a device which exposes the blood to the controlled ultraviolet rays. Then, after the blood has been exposed to the light, it is returned to the vein and bloodstream in a closed loop system.
Ultraviolet blood irradiation therapy produces the following beneficial photochemical reactions:
- Inactivation of toxins
- Destruction and inhibition of growth of bacteria, fungi, and viruses in the bloodstream
- Increase in the oxygen-combining power of the blood and oxygen transportation to organs
- Activation of steroid hormones
- Activation of white blood cells
- Immuno-stimulation of cellular and humoral immunity
- Stimulation of fibrinolysis
- Decreased viscosity of blood
- Stimulation of corticosteroid production
- Decreased platelet aggregation
- Improved micro circulation and oxygenation of tissues.
- Anti-inflammatory effects
- Increased tolerance of the body towards radiation or chemotherapy
- Cardiovascular protection through increased metabolism of cholesterol,
uric acid, and glucose
- Resolution of vascular spasms
- Powerful anti-infection properties | <urn:uuid:ce230099-d888-45b3-87e4-b50657423830> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.cfnmedicine.com/ultraviolet-blood-radiation/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281069.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00269-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.913119 | 403 | 3.046875 | 3 |
Federal disaster policy should shift its focus toward mitigation in order to reduce future disaster costs, the National Association of Mutual Insurance Companies says. The industry group recommends that the federal government create incentives for states to adopt and enforce strong building codes.
“For decades, Congress has provided insufficient funding for disaster relief and then added funds in the middle of fiscal years,” Robert Detlefsen, vice president of public policy for NAMIC, told the Senate Homeland Security Subcommittee on Emergency Management. “Merely hoping the weather cooperates and relying on luck are not the ways to establish FEMA’s disaster relief budget.”
NAMIC and the BuildStrong Coalition are advocating for the Safe Building Code Incentive Act, which provides additional post-disaster grant money to states that adopt and enforce a model statewide building code.
"There is overwhelming scientific evidence to support the conclusion that statewide building codes save lives and greatly reduce property damage and the subsequent need for federal disaster aid," Detlefsen said. He noted that a study by the National Institute of Building Sciences found that for every $1 spent to make buildings stronger, the American taxpayer saves $4 in federal disaster assistance. | <urn:uuid:9445dc82-86ba-4f9d-b750-f61857c2bdf2> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.bdcnetwork.com/federal-disaster-policy-should-focus-mitigation-insurance-group-says | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718957.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00437-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.929472 | 243 | 2.125 | 2 |
To mark the University of Maryland School of Medicine’s 210th anniversary, the School held its annual gala in Baltimore on April 29th. A focused ultrasound patient and advocate, Kimberly Spletter, co-chaired the event.
The crowd of more than 1,000 attendees watched a brief video about Kimberly’s experience with Parkinson’s and how her focused ultrasound treatment at the University changed her life. She then helped emcee the event, which was themed Envisioning a Vibrant Tomorrow.
“The evening was beautiful. It was nice to be able to be with the people who helped me so much,” recalls Kimberly. “It’s so important to me to get the word out about focused ultrasound and about the clinical trial so it can help others.”
Kimberly’s Parkinson’s symptoms started at age 44, and soon the debilitating dyskinesia brought on by her medication made walking a challenge. In September 2015, Kimberly was among the first US patients treated at the University of Maryland using focused ultrasound. She describes the experience as “a miracle.”
Immediately following her procedure, Kimberly noted: “I’ve shuffled for so long. Now, for the first time in 3 years, I can take big steps and walk with a purpose. I’m learning to walk with a normal gait.” | <urn:uuid:b86552bc-3d8f-4da7-99f4-318a4ea53a4c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fusfoundation.org/posts/parkinson-s-patient-honored-at-university-of-maryland-gala/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.964784 | 295 | 1.789063 | 2 |
Most Americans think jarring economic problems will erupt if lawmakers fail to increase the government's borrowing limit. Yet they're torn over how or even whether to raise it, leaning toward Republican demands that any boost be accompanied by spending cuts.
According to an Associated Press-GfK poll, 53 percent say that if the debt limit is not extended and the United States defaults, the country will face a major economic crisis. An additional 27 percent say such a crisis would be somewhat likely, while just 17 percent largely dismiss the prospects of such damage.
When asked which political path to follow, 39 percent of poll respondents support the insistence by Speaker John Boehner, R-Ohio, and Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., that deep spending cuts be attached to any measure increasing the debt ceiling. That's more than the 30 percent who back Obama's demand that borrowing authority not entwined with a bitter fight over trimming the budget. But 21 percent oppose boosting the debt ceiling at all.
Democrats had a slight 41 to 36 percent advantage over Republicans as the party more trusted to handle the economy.
The poll involved landline and cellphone interviews with 1,004 randomly chosen adults and had a margin of error of plus or minus 4 percentage points. It was conducted from Jan. 10 to 14 by GfK Roper Public Affairs and Corporate Communications. | <urn:uuid:3df0e3d7-2256-4323-bbf1-df7b6e4dd4b5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.startribune.com/poll-most-see-damage-if-no-increase-in-debt-ceiling/187380271/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00492-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.932581 | 272 | 1.898438 | 2 |
PC gaming is usually defined by its ability to chase the most intense hardware capabilities, from multi-monitor super high-resolution gaming through to the most immersive of virtual reality experiences. So it may come as something of a surprise to see that a survey of Steam users – the premier PC gaming platform – reveals the average specs of most PC gamers to be so, well, average.
Taking in the July results from Steam's monthly survey, it's full HD rather than 4K display resolutions which rule the roost, with 36.61 per cent using the 1920 x 1080 on a single monitor as standard. It's only with multi-monitor set ups do you start to even approach a 4K standard (30.50 per cent at 3840 x 1080), and that's split across multiple displays. There's a similar trend in terms of VRAM (34.02 per cent at 1024MB - sorry Titan X), 32.44 per cent on (actually rather sensible) 8GB RAM, and just two physical CPUs (47.44 per cent) clocked between 2.3GHz and 2.69 GHz (20.75 per cent) doing for most.
The nascent virtual reality category barely registers. While VR headsets have been both prohibitively expensive and difficult to find in stock, only 0.18 per cent of users have the premium HTC Vive, while Oculus Rift use (the relatively cheap PC VR option, worryingly) accounts for just 0.09 per cent of surveyed Steam users.
The only item that shows real bang-up-to-dateness, relatively, is the adoption of Windows 10 64-bit, with 44.93 per cent of surveyed Steam users making the jump. Interestingly, its 1.99 per cent rise in use over June's stats suggests that Microsoft's heavy-handed free upgrade tactics actually worked.
Now, it's worth noting that, while Steam has more than 125 million users, not all will necessarily chose to share their computer's specs with the company. Also, Steam doesn't offer the exact number of people it has surveyed. However, it's human nature for those with something to brag about (e.g, a souped-up PC) to sing from the hilltops about it, so I'd assume those with a fancy rig probably are still sharing their specs. In which case, those relatively low percentages for fancy gear are in even greater relief. [Steam] | <urn:uuid:e339db74-0234-4b40-86da-14170f25b885> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.gizmodo.co.uk/2016/08/these-are-the-average-gaming-pc-hardware-specs-and-vr-barely-registers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721174.97/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00283-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946298 | 491 | 1.765625 | 2 |
We often indulge in small luxuries for ourselves throughout our daily routines. Ordering the extravagant latte instead of the drip coffee. Swinging in for a quick touch up on those nails. Stopping for a cold one with the guys after work. And many of us would categorize a trip to the car wash, instead of washing it ourselves, among those luxuries. However, cleaning your vehicle at a professional car wash, especially in the wet Thurston County winter, is not only important for protecting your car’s finish, but also for protecting our environment.
Tumwater Auto Spa, located on Capitol Blvd in Tumwater, has been protecting vehicles and the environment since 2005, and is more committed than ever to educating the public on the benefits of a regular car wash service. Adjacent to, and partnered with, Tumwater Automotive, TAS is owned by Brett and Denise Hardcastle, but the Auto Spa is Denise’s baby.
A Priority on Environmentally Friendly Practices Since Day One
When TAS first opened, Denise took charge, naming the business and making a commitment from day one that they would be environmentally friendly, first and foremost.
“We knew that we would be environmentally friendly because we invested the money up front to do a reclaim system. 85% of the water used in washing a car is reclaimed water from our system. We only use 15% fresh water in any given wash,” explains Denise. That fresh water is used only in the final rinsing stages of the wash. A typical car wash at home uses about 150 gallons of water. That water, including any oil, gas, brake dust and soap, runs off into storm drains intended for rain water only and flowing directly into our local waterways. Live in an area without storm drains? This water is soaking directly into your groundwater supply. A wash at Tumwater Auto Spa uses 200 gallons, however only 20 -35 gallons of that water is wasted. The remainder is treated and used again. The water that is wasted is treated by TAS’s reclaim system and is then sent through the local sanitary sewer to be treated again.
Operating as a Green Certified Business as well as a member of the Puget Sound Car Wash Association allows TAS to work with local agencies to help educate the public about the environmental impact of an act as simple as washing your car. We all have wonderful memories of washing the car, and usually soaking ourselves in the process, on a hot day. But the impact to our increasingly fragile environment is now being taken more seriously. Many cities around the country have banned home car washes as well as charity car wash events that you see in parking lots and the Hardcastles feel that similar regulations may come to the South Sound sooner rather than later.
“We feel very confident,” says Denise, “that we are making a real difference because the water we put into the storm system is minimal and very clean.”
A Commitment To Community
Brett Hardcastle grew up in Tumwater and he and Denise have been Tumwater residents for years. They have deep roots in the community and carry them throughout their business. TAS’S employees stem almost entirely from Tumwater and Black Hills High Schools. These employees uniformly love working for the Hardcastles.
TAS manager, Mikel Pizzollo, has been working for Denise since he was in high school, working as a car wash attendant. Since that time, he has worked his way to manager and has become an essential member of the TAS team. “I love working for these great people. They really do care for their community and company. It’s really nice to work for someone that shows they really care for their employees every day.” And the relationship goes both ways. Through the mentoring that Pizzollo has received, he’s become quite an expert in the science behind the car wash system and has found ways to reduce the amount of water used per wash.
TAS is a member of both Tumwater and Thurston County Chambers of Commerce and works with local leaders to give back. They work consistently with local schools on fundraisers, giving a full 50% back as well as donating to school events such as auctions. In a service based business such as a Car Wash, your customer base is all local, and the Hardcastles strive to work with other Thurston County businesses to create relationships that help everyone thrive.
And, if you are a woman, come in on Tuesdays for Ladies Day. All Ladies get $2 off their wash and a free chocolate! A good way to end a lunch break!
TAS’s Tips to Care for your Vehicle
Washing your vehicle on a regular basis does more than make you look great when driving down the road. Rinsing away the road grime can significantly improve the life of your car’s finish. Especially in the winter, the dirt, salt and grease from the road sticks to your car and when you drive, the wind brushes it down the sides making minute scratches in the finish. The best way, aside from regular washing, to combat this wear is using the Rain-X protectant offered at TAS and nowhere else in Tumwater.
“Especially living in Washington, where we drive so much in the rain, the Rain-X clears your windshield in the pouring rain helping with visibility. But it also keeps your vehicle cleaner, longer,” offers Pizzollo. “The water and residue from the road doesn’t sit on the vehicle. It beads up and runs off.” It does cost a bit more, but with the lasting benefits it provides, TAS believes it’s the single best thing you can do for your vehicle’s finish.
Whether you just want a shiny car, are striving to do your part to help our environment ,or both, Tumwater Auto Spa is a business you can feel good about supporting. They will treat you like family and it’s what has kept them successful, and smiling, for the last 8 years.
6040 Capitol Blvd. SE
Tumwater, WA 98501 | <urn:uuid:0614f8ac-0f48-420f-ae61-e63004df1b7b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.thurstontalk.com/2012/12/12/tumwater-auto-spa-premier-vehicle-care-focused-on-the-environment-and-the-thurston-county-community/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282935.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00237-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96991 | 1,280 | 2.109375 | 2 |
The respiratory system consists of the trachea, bronchi, and lungs, and it is one of the most important systems in the body. When we inhale, air travels down the trachea and into the bronchi, which are located in the lungs. The oxygen in the air that we inhale is then delivered to other parts of the body via the circulatory system.
Problems in the respiratory system can result in trouble breathing and problems in other areas of the body. Proper treatment for respiratory problems is essential, since these problems can sometimes even be fatal. Respiratory nurses often play an instrumental role in this treatment.
Click on one of the links below for more information:
What is a Respiratory Nurse?
A respiratory nurse is a nursing professional that helps treat patients who are suffering from respiratory problems.
As a respiratory nurse, you will often care for patients that suffer from both acute and chronic respiratory illnesses. Some examples may include bronchitis, pneumonia, asthma, emphysema, and lung cancer.
You will also have the chance to work closely with patients of all types, including infants, children, and adults. However, you can also choose to pursue different respiratory nursing sub-specialties, including pediatric respiratory nursing and geriatric respiratory nursing.
What do Nurses Do?
Rehabilitation nurses work closely with patients who are suffering from respiratory illnesses as well as their loved ones. They may work to treat and prevent these illnesses, as well as care for patients in critical condition.
Patient assessment is often one of the responsibilities of a rehabilitation nurse. This typically involves physically examining patients, studying their medical histories, monitoring and recording vital signs, and discussing symptoms. As a rehabilitation nurse, you will also frequently need to measure your patients’ lung capacity and volume.
Treatment for respiratory illnesses can vary, depending on the specific illnesses. As a respiratory nurse, you may be responsible for developing and implementing treatment plans for your patients. This may include administering medications and helping patients with exercises and procedures to strengthen their lungs. Severe respiratory problems may also require breathing assistance devices, such as mechanical ventilators.
During the course of your patients’ treatments, you will also need to monitor their progress closely. In doing so, you and the rest of the respiratory team will be able to tell if a patient’s treatment plan is effective. If it’s not and a patient is not responding to treatment or therapy, changes may need to be made to his or her treatment plan.
Preventing respiratory problems from developing or worsening is another important aspect of a respiratory nurse’s job. For instance, these nurses will often help their patients reduce the risk of respiratory problems by making lifestyle changes, such as quitting smoking and establishing a regular exercise regimen.
Where do Respiratory Nurses Work?
Respiratory nurses can find employment in a number of different types of healthcare facilities. Some examples may include private practices, hospitals, clinics, assisted living facilities, home care agencies, and long-term care facilities.
How do I Become a Respiratory Nurse?
Becoming a respiratory nurse first involves becoming a registered nurse. To do this, you will need to first earn your diploma or degree in nursing. You should take several courses in respiratory health, if possible.
Below is the educational path for an Respiratory Nurse (lowest to highest level of education)
|Educational Track||School Programs||Average Education Length||Choosing Online or Campus|
|Earn a Bachelors Degree||View Programs||4 Years||Online or Campus|
|Earn a MSN Degree||View Programs||2 Additional Years||Online or Campus|
|Earn a PHD or DNP||View Programs||2-4 Additional Years||Online or Campus|
Once you pass the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN), you can then start working as a registered nurse. To start working as a respiratory nurse, however, you may need to start in an entry-level position and pursue additional education. | <urn:uuid:1b4e5422-8932-4c44-801a-4cb72f6f6f62> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://everynurse.org/becoming-a-respiratory-nurse/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00514-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947395 | 838 | 3.671875 | 4 |
Get Out of That List Quickly
If you’re like me, you don’t really mind the automatic numbering and bulleting MS Word does with lists.
You know, when Word realizes you’re creating a list and it helps you along with the same continued formatting.
But, after working with many different people, I have found that some folks just don’t seem to know how to get out of the list. That is, they aren’t sure how to put an end to the numbering that takes place every time they hit the Enter key.
There are many ways, but the way I like the best (and doesn’t require my hands to leave the keyboard) is to use the Backspace key.
Yep, that’s right. One quick stab at the Backspace key removes the number and another will remove the tab indent that occurred when the numbering started.
Once you’ve got the numbering stopped, you’re free to use the Enter key as usual.
No more numbers. Well, that is, no more numbers until Word catches you making another list! | <urn:uuid:9c864536-75eb-48b5-80b0-3456c1239c32> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.worldstart.com/get-out-of-that-list-quickly/print/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00564-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.924435 | 235 | 1.765625 | 2 |
A new study says federal guidelines on obesity should be revised so more women fit into the category of "obese."
U.S. guidelines determine who is obese based on
body-mass index, a measurement of whether a person's height and weight
are proportional. The researchers found that about half the women of
reproductive age considered obese under World Health Organization guidelines -- which use body-fat analysis instead -- were not obese under federal guidelines.
Under the international guidelines, about half of white women and more than two-thirds of Latino women are considered obese.
"It is especially important to accurately assess
obesity in reproductive-age women, as they are more likely to be obese
than similarly aged men," study author Dr. Mahbubur Rahman, an
assistant professor at the University of Texas Medical Branch's
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, said in a news release from
the school. "These women are at risk for cardiovascular disease,
diabetes and other obesity-related health conditions, and may forgo or
be overlooked for needed tests and treatments."
"BMI is not 'one size fits all.' Inaccurate
classification can decrease the impact of obesity prevention programs
that will result in many women not receiving the help they need," study
senior author Dr. Abbey Berenson, director of the university's Center
for Interdisciplinary Research in Women's Health, said in the news
The researchers predict that further studies will show similar results for men and other age groups.
The study appears online in the May issue of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
News release courtesy of USAtoday.com. | <urn:uuid:69bb3c84-a2d9-4241-ba21-0c340c254f59> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://fit-pro.com/article-1752-BMI-is-not-one-size-fits-all-for-Women-and-Obesity.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00048-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.933699 | 344 | 3 | 3 |
Re: Airport is win-win-win at Pickering, Opinion Aug. 6
Airport is win-win-win at Pickering, Opinion Aug. 6
Samer Bishay doesn’t see a problem with paving over “only several hundred acres” of class-one farmland for a Pickering airport. It’s a huge problem.
Last winter prices of cauliflower spiked as high as $8 a head, due primarily to continued drought in California. This summer a combination of drought, flooding and intense hail has destroyed whole crop yields in the Holland Marsh, an area that feeds approximately 75 per cent of Ontarians. These aren’t fluke weather events; climate change is already bringing more severe droughts, flooding and storm systems across our province and our world.
Meanwhile, farmland in the Greater Golden Horseshoe is disappearing at an incredible rate (180,000 acres lost between 2006-2011 alone) while at the same time the population is growing exponentially (4.5 million more people expected by 2041).
With climate change already destroying crops and driving up food prices and with an ever-expanding population, we need to protect every bit of our already diminished foodlands to safeguard against growing food insecurity and hunger.
“Only several hundred acres” of prime agricultural land is one of the most precious gifts we have.
Laura Springate, Whitby
Samer Bishay’s article did not reference the fact that there already exist other underutilized airports within the GTA catchment area, including John C. Munro Hamilton International Airport.
Hamilton International is a leading passenger and cargo base for southern Ontario, and is able to absorb significant increased passenger traffic. The infrastructure at Hamilton – runways, and connecting roads – is already in place.
The airport is an example of a successful public-private partnership between the City of Hamilton and Tradeport International Corp., operators of the airport. Given recent route additions by New Leaf, Air Canada and WestJet, we are confident that enhancing the airport’s service offering will aid in satisfying growing passenger demand.
By all means, let’s plan for the future, but also focus on underutilized resources already in place.
Ron Foxcroft, chairman, Tradeport International Corp., Hamilton
It’s understandable that most Canadians are unaware of our ebbing supply of prime food producing land. We are losing up to 350 acres of farmland per day in Ontario, which is equivalent to 17 football fields. Yet, we can walk into the average grocery store and it’s a horn of plenty, and the envy of most countries. If we can’t buy it cheaply here it we can just ship it in from somewhere else.
But the optics are misleading. Developers pay well for a land supply that’s already cleared, which provides lots of motivation to sell and rezone the land. However, there are a number of challenges with a food system that seeks the lowest price and an economy hooked on spiralling growth and development.
With farmland loss and soil depletion accelerating around the globe, we can only scan for other suppliers for so long. Ontario is already operating at a huge food deficit with agri-food exports of $14 billion but imports of 25 billion (Ministry of Agriculture 2015). That’s an awful lot of dependency on foreign produced food, and much of it is processed.
And what of the quality of that food? Locally grown produce is fresher and contains more nutrients than food that has travelled from abroad.
The Ontario government spends 43 cents of every tax dollar on health care, with diet-related illnesses being the lion’s share of that. So says Public Health. Obesity and diabetes are epidemic, and heart disease remains the number one cause of death. Clearly the calories we are consuming are not the right ones and consumers are starting to understand that.
Ontario has 56 per cent of Canada’s prime farmland and has lost almost 20 per cent of it to development in the last few decades.
All this to say that whatever prime farmland and watersheds we have left should be protected until such time as we are absolutely sure we don’t need it. With a growing population and growing demand for local healthy food options, our management of food-producing land must be more visionary with future generations in mind.
It is possible that we will need local food more than flights at some point. If we don’t start putting food and water first in rezoning decisions, our food future is in jeopardy.
Shirley Boxem, chair, North Dufferin Agriculture and Community Task Force, Mulmur
Samer Bishay uses the Greater Toronto Airports Authority 2008 Master Plan to frame his argument that Pearson is nearing its capacity of 54 million passengers. But Pearson can now handle 65 to 75 million, according to reports and the GTAA itself – and that’s even without the approved sixth runway, which the GTAA’s director of airport planning recently said may not be necessary for at least another two decades.
Moreover, as Mr. Bishay must know, an airport is limited not by the number of passengers it can process but the number of take-offs and landings it can safely handle. While Pearson’s passenger numbers are indeed climbing, take-offs and landings have increased by only 4 per cent since 2000.
So what’s behind Mr. Bishay’s call for a Pickering airport? Not his stated environmental concerns or Pearson’s overcrowding, but that Pearson is trying to “squeeze out smaller aircraft.” What he and his Pickering Airpark colleagues are really after is a nice new Buttonville for corporate jets and general aviation – built on Crown land.
He daren’t mention that Hamilton and Waterloo airports are desperate for business, or that Oshawa airport, a mere 20 km east of his proposed airpark, is currently rebuilding its main runway and preparing to be the new Buttonville.
A new airport is not needed. Pearson and existing airports can handle increased traffic into the foreseeable future. Mr. Bishay should give serious thought to that future on our fast-warming planet, to the millions of barrels of fossil jetfuels burnt daily, to the fact that no viable biofuels in commercial volumes are anywhere on the horizon.
Aviation’s future can’t and won’t be one of unfettered growth and business as usual. Time to wake up!
P.M. Valentine, Claremont
The writer refers to myths. Here’s another: that myths stop airports from being built. The federal government has owned the Pickering Lands for over 44 years. If there had ever been a business case for an airport, it would have been built. Fact.
There are are so many fallacies and holes in Mr. Bishay’s arguments, it’s hard to know which to focus on. I’ll stick with agriculture/agri-business, which is by the way, Ontario’s #2 economic driver. Mr. Bishay is a pilot: he certainly isn’t an agricultural economist. His suggestion that corn could or should be use to grow jet fuel is, to use a good old farming term, bull crap. A simple google search would reveal the absurdity of his proposition.
He’s also wrong about the crops on the Pickering Lands today; there isn’t that much corn, and not all of it goes for ethanol. Most crops are soy and wheat. These are all cash crops, grown not because they are the best or wisest or most productive use of the lands, but because the federal government has maintained a restrictive policy of one-year leases, effectively prohibiting the rebuilding of farm infrastructure (barns, tile drainage); purchase of new equipment (a combine costs about $500,000); or investment in orchards, livestock, or value-added business (cideries, sausage-making, artisanal cheeses).
Nor does it allow for secondary businesses that would naturally grow out of a vibrant farm economy — farm B&Bs, farm dealerships, food processing, restaurants. All of these would be possible with the lifting of the cold dead hand of Transport Canada, the threat of an airport removed, and the land protected as farmland within the Rouge National Urban Park. That is what Land Over Landings and our partners (David Crombie, Glenn De Baeremaeker, Environmental Defence, Food and Water First, and others) are working towards.
This land was expropriated almost half a century ago, taken from its owners for a common good that never materialized. It’s time to return the land to the real common good, to protect the best farmland in the world, and the clean watersheds that flow through it, for the benefit of the GTA and beyond.
If an airport needs to be built someday — and that is a huge if – it should not be on prime farmland.
Mary Delaney, Brougham, chair, Land Over Landings
The federal government’s expropriation of lands for an airport in 1972 was done under the mandate of a project for the public good. In over 44 years the need has never materialized.
Given that 5,200 acres of the Rouge National Urban Park are in Pickering, the greater public good would best be served by rolling the remaining 9000-plus acres into the park.
This would benefit more Canadians in more ways, sooner, for a longer time, and at far less cost than proponents of an airport/airpark could ever hope to achieve. It’s a no-brainer.
Joe Bezubiak, North Pickering
Mr. Bishay does his best to rekindle interest in an airport at Pickering but neglects to mention Pierre Trudeau’s white elephant near Montreal called Mirabel. If Pearson cannot handle the projected increase in air traffic, why not share the workload with an underused, existing international airport in the GTA such as the John C. Munro International Airport in Hamilton? No need to construct a costly airport and enhance the GTAA bureaucracy at taxpayer’s expense when a viable airport already exists.
Gord Marshall, Etobicoke
Cute article by Bishay, however, he doesn’t comprehend the difficulty with rejigging the entire airway/airspace structure when you put another airport in close proximity. His claim about the slower aircraft is untrue as 95 per cent of the aircraft using Pearson all do the same speed below 10,000 feet. While it is true that more traffic causes the arrival sectors to compensate by spacing the aircraft out, this is generally during the heaviest periods, 7 to 9 a.m., 12 to 2 p.m. and 5 to 8 p.m.
Kelowna and Abbotsford use RNP approaches due to the higher terrain surrounding these airports, which gives the certified aircraft and crew a higher degree of accuracy during the approach phase. Also their traffic volume is extremely low. Pearson already has RNP approaches and uses them effectively.
We have a “Pickering” airport 35 miles away that is 10 per cent the size of Pearson – it’s called Hamilton.
Lest everyone forget the “White Elephant” fiasco called Mirabel! Let’s just not go there again.
James Rae, Burlington | <urn:uuid:68c06908-fbbb-4e24-8cdc-2dc3b1bea962> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.thestar.com/opinion/letters_to_the_editors/2016/08/13/an-idea-that-shouldnt-get-off-the-ground.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00093-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945441 | 2,374 | 1.5 | 2 |
Date: January 2011
Creator: Partridge, Craig; Boese, Jerry & Bernath, Stephen
Description: This document provides a detailed report and recommendations of the 2010 Forest Carbon Work group to the Director of the Department of Ecology and the Commissioner of Public Lands. The recommendations relate to the critical role Washington’s forest lands will play in addressing the challenge of climate change; appropriate responses to pressure for conversion of working forest lands to non-forest uses; and the role of ecosystem service markets, including carbon offset markets, and other incentive systems in bringing about desired results. The 2010 Work group included some members of a similar 2008 Work group and built on the results of that 2008 effort. The report appendix contains purpose statements by each participating interest, explaining its rationale for participation. In light of the 2010 Work group emphasis, this document focused on three topics: Forest carbon considerations in avoiding forest land use conversion; incentives to reward forest landowners for providing ecosystem services, including carbon storage and improvement of forest health; and features of forest carbon offset protocols and registries that are appropriate for use by forest offset project developers in Washington State.
Contributing Partner: UNT Libraries | <urn:uuid:0503df85-04ac-46fb-87fb-9a7de9c76a6f> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://digital.library.unt.edu/explore/collections/ESDC/browse/?fq=untl_institution%3AUNT&fq=dc_type%3Atext | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719215.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00200-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.898076 | 234 | 2.65625 | 3 |
“There is little doubt that the growth of health insurance is a desirable development. And perhaps there is also a case for making it compulsory since many who could thus provide for themselves might otherwise become a public charge. But there are strong arguments against a single scheme for state insurance; there seems to be an overwhelming case against a free health service for all.” — F. A. Hayek.
Hayek wrote this on page 298 of his magnum opus, The Constitution of Liberty (1960). We could put this another way.
This isn’t about putting government in charge of your health insurance; it’s about putting you in charge of your health insurance. Under the reforms we seek, if you like your doctor, you can keep your doctor. If you like your health care plan, you can keep your health care plan.
These words may sound familiar. They are from President Obama’s 2009 speech calling on Congress to pass ObamaCare.
But if Hayek was willing to surrender the moral case against ObamaCare, what about the welfare state in general? Hayek favored this surrender.
In the Western world some provision for those threatened by the extremes of indigence or starvation due to circumstances beyond their control has long been accepted as a duty of the community. . . . The necessity of some such arrangement in an industrial society is unquestioned — be it only in the interest of those who require protection against acts of desperation on the part of the needy.
These are the opening words of chapter 19, “Social Security.” He spelled out the implications of this position on the next page.
Continue Reading at TeaPartyEconomist.com | <urn:uuid:71b96066-673e-40a0-8a53-0b3c86b8b0e8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://libertyalliance.com/f-a-hayek-obamacares-defender/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00054-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956594 | 343 | 1.945313 | 2 |
REGEX et PREG - assertions avant-arrière (lookahead & lookbehind assertions) : récupérer les chaînes qui ne contiennent pas un mot particulier. Par Albin - le 09/05/2010 à 16:28 Comment écrire une expression régulière qui n'accepte que les chaînes de caractères qui ne contiennent pas tel mot ou telle expression.
Une réponse avec les assertions avant-arrière (lookahead & lookbehind assertions) Commentaires : 5 C'est un problème récurrent sur les forums de développeurs : comment écrire une expression régulière qui n'accepte que les chaînes de caractères qui ne contiennent pas tel mot ou telle expression.
La réponse est dans les assertions, qui vont nous permettre de faire plein d'autres choses. 1. '/element(? Cette assertion "? Styleguide - Style guides for Google-originated open-source projects. Every major open-source project has its own style guide: a set of conventions (sometimes arbitrary) about how to write code for that project.
If your project requires that you create a new XML document format, our XML Document Format Style Guide may be helpful. Styleguide. Www.linux-france.org/article/these/cathedrale-bazar/cathedrale-bazar.html#toc11. The Internet map. The map of the Internet Like any other map, The Internet map is a scheme displaying objects’ relative position; but unlike real maps (e.g. the map of the Earth) or virtual maps (e.g. the map of Mordor), the objects shown on it are not aligned on a surface.
Mathematically speaking, The Internet map is a bi-dimensional presentation of links between websites on the Internet. Every site is a circle on the map, and its size is determined by website traffic, the larger the amount of traffic, the bigger the circle. Users’ switching between websites forms links, and the stronger the link, the closer the websites tend to arrange themselves to each other. Charges and springs To draw an analogy from classical physics, one may say that websites are electrically charged bodies, while links between them are springs. Also, an analogy can be drawn from quantum physics.
Project Euler. Expérience de Milgram. Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.
Tech news & articles. Things You Should Never Do, Part I. By Joel Spolsky Thursday, April 06, 2000 Netscape 6.0 is finally going into its first public beta.
There never was a version 5.0. The last major release, version 4.0, was released almost three years ago. Mozilla may make Flash click-to-play by default in future Firefox. Firefox developers are considering making Web plugins like Adobe Flash an opt-in feature.
Pluto Scarab — Hash Functions. SMAC - Publications. Anatomy of Facebook. Don't give away your product for free... …unless you plan to keep it free forever.
The Cost of Free Doughnuts, a story on NPR shows what happens when you make something paid that was once free. During WWII, the Red Cross, which used to give away free coffee and doughnuts started charging servicemen for doughnuts at the behest of the US Government. Veterans still remember this 70 years later! The reporter goes and finds some veterans and asks about the Red Cross and they go OFF about having to pay for doughnuts. (28) How to master your time - Leading a better life - Quora. The “Unhyped” New Areas in Internet and Mobile.
Editor’s note: Legendary investor Vinod Khosla is the founder of Khosla Ventures.
You can follow him on Twitter at @vkhosla.
Metcalfe's law. Two telephones can make only one connection, five can make 10 connections, and twelve can make 66 connections.
Network effects Limitations RFC 3501 - INTERNET MESSAGE ACCESS PROTOCOL - VERSION 4rev1 (RFC3501) Why programmers work at night. [This essay has been expanded into a book, you should read it, here] Image via Wikipedia A popular saying goes that Programmers are machines that turn caffeine into code.
And sure enough, ask a random programmer when they do their best work and there’s a high chance they will admit to a lot of late nights. Some earlier, some later. A popular trend is to get up at 4am and get some work done before the day’s craziness begins. | <urn:uuid:e1f65bb7-01b9-42cc-8dfd-6b8c01eae2d7> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.pearltrees.com/simonw/news-articles/id3491919 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718309.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00406-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.80327 | 1,018 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Drone take off and vertical landing, or VTOL, has several major advantages over other types. There is also a trade-off, the Latvian-made Fixar designed to cope.
The VTOL took off and landed like a helicopter, become even faster and more efficient fixed-wing flight while sailing. This means that they don’t need a runway or launch a slingshot like a fixed-wing drone. They also use less power than the quadcopter in flight forwards – plus they reach their destination faster.
Typically, they have four (or more) horizontally-oriented propeller/motor units to move vertically, along with a vertically-orientated rear prop/motor that pushes the plane forward while sailing. However, once the drone enters a fixed-wing mode, all four vertical buffers are turned off, becoming dead weight and creating an aerodynamic style.
One alternative is to use electrically angled propellers from horizontal to vertical orientation, even though this adds to the mechanical complexity, weight, and power usage. Instead, four Fixar mounts/motors are mounted onto a frame that swings forward and backward relative to the rest of the drone.
When taking off and landing, the skeleton sits horizontally parallel to the fuselage, enabling it to function as a quadcopter. However, it is time to fix the wings, the torque decreases in the front of buffer, and increases in the rear buffer. This causes the tilted frame to be passively forward and the attached propeller now sit vertically to the entire drone.
Consequently, only four (as opposed to five) propeller is needed, none of them is silent at all times, and no servos are required to tilt it. And because Fixar wings provide lift while moving, the motor does not need to work as hard as it is in the quadcopter when in the flight ahead.
We actually saw the same system before, in the Vogi Coriolis G drone, although it used more complex relationship settings.
Fixar’s representatives told us that their company drones had a maximum flight time is up to one hour, a top speed of 72 km/h (45 mph), a payload capacity of 2 kg (4.4 lb), and fully capable of autonomous aviation. The Price is about US $20,000.
And as an interesting addition note, the drone was recently approved by Canada Transport for further operations in the country. | <urn:uuid:d11638d8-0697-4b3a-9ed8-903ea815d980> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://printdriv.com/2020/07/24/drone-fixar-swinging-props-for-better-vtol-flight/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.961024 | 502 | 2.5 | 2 |
The FINANCIAL — As the number of measles cases linked to the California outbreak climbs to over 100, health officials are urging parents to properly immunize their children, citing unvaccinated individuals as a main contributor to the disease’s spread. Some have linked the outbreak to the anti-vaccination movement – a group whose members claim vaccinations are unsafe and ineffective, according to Pew Research Center.
A majority of Americans say children should be required to get vaccinated. Further analysis of the survey data reveals significant age differences in views about vaccines. In 2009, by contrast, opinions about vaccines were roughly the same across age groups. Also, some modest partisan divisions have emerged since 2009, when Pew Research last polled on the issue.
Overall, 68% of U.S. adults say childhood vaccinations should be required, while 30% say parents should be able to decide. Among all age groups, young adults are more likely to say vaccinating children should be a parental choice. Some 41% of 18- to 29-year-olds say parents should be able to decide whether or not their child gets vaccinated; only 20% of adults 65 or older echo this opinion.
Older Americans are strong supporters of requiring childhood vaccinations – 79% say they hold that view, compared with 59% of those under 30. One possible reason that older groups might be more supportive of mandatory vaccinations is that many among them remember when diseases like measles were common. Prior to the first licensed measles vaccine in 1963, hundreds of thousands of measles cases were reported annually in the U.S. In 1958 alone, there were more than 750,000 cases. A decade later, in 1968, that number fell to about 22,000, according to an analysis of data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, according to Pew Research Center.
Today, measles cases are extremely rare, but the CDC reported a spike in 2014, with more than 600 measles cases, the first such jump in more than a decade. The CDC attributed the increase to an outbreak among unvaccinated Ohio Amish communities and cases related to an outbreak in the Philippines.
Although some have linked the anti-vaccination movement to more-affluent, highly educated parents, Pew Research data show little difference in people’s views based on income or education.
About 30% of adults living in households earning $75,000 or more a year say parents should decide whether or not their child gets vaccinated. This holds true even among the highest of earners (those in households making $100,000 or more). These opinions are on par with people living in lower- and middle-income households.
Men and women share similar views on whether vaccines should be required or not and opinions on this issue vary little by race. At the same time, slightly more parents of minor children than those without children believe vaccinating children is a parental choice.
There are slight differences in views about vaccines along political lines. A majority of Democrats (76%), Republicans (65%) and independents (65%) say that vaccines should be required. But Republicans and independents are somewhat more inclined than are Democrats to say that parents should be able to decide. In 2009, there was no difference in views on vaccinations along party lines, according to Pew Research Center. | <urn:uuid:1de9720a-ecac-4afc-9e18-89ea0702f99c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://finchannel.com/young-adults-more-likely-to-say-vaccinating-kids-should-be-a-parental-choice/?noamp=mobile | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570741.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808001418-20220808031418-00079.warc.gz | en | 0.950983 | 660 | 2.984375 | 3 |
Accurate estimation of tissue resistivities in vivo is needed to construct reliable human body volume conductor models in solving forward and inverse bioelectric field problems. The necessary data for the estimation can be obtained by using ht four-electrode impedance measurement technique, usually employed in electrical impedance tomography. In this study, a priori geometrical information with statistical properties of regional resistivities and linearization error as well as instrumentation noise has been incorporated into a new resistivity estimation algorithm which is called a statistically constrained minimum mean squares error estimator (MiMSEE) to improve estimation accuracy. MiMSEE intakes geometrical information from the image which is obtained by using a high-resolution imaging modality. This study is an extension of earlier work by Eyuboglu et al and obtains simulated measurements from two numerical models containing five and six regions on a background region. Also, estimations are repeated by suing up to eight multiple current electrode pairs, in order to observe the effect of estimation performance while increasing the number of measurements up to 96. The results are compared with a conventional least squares error estimator (LSEE) which is used in one-pass algorithms. It is shown that the MiMSEE estimation error is up to 27 times smaller than the LSEE error which is realized for a small, high-contrast region, for example the aorta. In estimating the regional resistivities, the MiMSEE algorithm requires 25.8 (for the five-region resistivity distribution) and 22.2 (for the six-region resistivity distribution) times more computational time than the LSEE. This gap between the computational times of the two algorithms decreases are the number of regions increases. | <urn:uuid:0c4f7e5d-3142-4883-a046-edb97d5dbc40> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://avesis.metu.edu.tr/yayin/d5f2d4d3-13af-4367-b8fb-4f8970bf2609/use-of-a-priori-information-in-estimating-tissue-resistivities-a-simulation-study | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00667.warc.gz | en | 0.912404 | 344 | 1.875 | 2 |
Erie County Sheriff's Office to receive funding for body cams
A contentious public safety hearing of the Erie County Legislature Thursday morning ended up with all parties satisfied and a plan in place for sheriff's deputies to wear body cameras by the end of 2019.
The Legislature approved $600,000 in funding for a body camera system for the Sheriff’s Department patrols earlier this year, butthere were concerns the money would be used for something other than body cameras.
“The sheriff has been over to the Legislature multiple times to talk about body cameras and he’s over-communicated that they are not a priority,” said Legislative Chair April Baskin. “That is why we’re in the situation now with the Legislature issuing the money in the first place.”
The money had been with the Department of Information and Support Services. The Sheriff’s Office indicated it was wary of the DISS, but received assurances from the Legislature that DISS would have neither control nor access to any images or audio captured by the cameras.
With the issue resolved, the Legislature will transfer the money to Sheriff Timothy Howard’s department when the sheriff has a proposed body camera vendor.
“That assurance from this honorable body will get this process completed,” said Executive Assistant to the Sheriff Scott Zylka. “We’re at the threshold of initiating this.”
The Legislature goes into recess in August. The Sheriff’s Office is expected to have a proposal for a vendor in September, at which point the money will be transferred to the Sheriff’s Office. Zylka says nothing was ever stalled and they are still on their correct timeline.
“Right now there’s been no delays, so we’re right on time.” He said. “The entities came together.”
The body cameras are expected to be used by patrols by the end of this year. | <urn:uuid:f7b7c86d-c803-4cb3-a669-921de7e16b7e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wbfo.org/local/2019-07-18/erie-county-sheriffs-office-to-receive-funding-for-body-cams | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.957908 | 405 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Local and Regional News
New Study Shows Anti-Transgender Discrimination Hurts New York State's Economy
According to a new study published by the Williams Institute of UCLA, there are an estimated 58,000 transgender people living in New York, and half of them are still not protected under local anti-discrimination laws. This leaves New York tax payers with covering the cost of public assistance and housing for 23,800 transgender people, who face inordinate levels of homelessness and unemployment.
Former Boy Scouts biking across America stopping to visit Matthew Shepard Memorial Bench
David "Old Scout" McGrath and his son Joe are be biking 1,800 miles from Idaho Falls to the Boy Scouts of America's (BSA) headquarters in Irving, Texas to urge the Boy Scouts to support a non-discriminatory policy. They will be stopping tomorrow, May 10th, in Laramie, Wyoming to visit the Matthew Shepard Memorial Bench.
Minnesota House of Representatives to vote on Marriage Equality Today
The Minnesota House of Representatives will vote today of marriage equality. If they pass the bill, it could be voted on by the senate as early as Saturday and signed by the Governor on Monday.
Cemia Acoff, transgender murder victim, gets best reporting and representation from gay and trans blogs
Following the discovery of Cemia Acoff, a transgender woman found dead in a pond after being reported missing for little over a month, media is still ignoring both the AP stylebook, which has included guidelines on transgender reporting since 2001, and GLAAD who has demanded fair reporting on transgender issues. | <urn:uuid:330137aa-4b28-4dd2-b831-aa0773a3bd42> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.glaad.org/issues/Local-and-Regional-News?page=180&quicktabs_issues_content=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00340-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953448 | 320 | 1.671875 | 2 |
How Are Leaves Alike and Different?
Leaves may vary because of inheritance, or because of the environment in which they live. for example, the leaves of a particular species may be large if the environment in which the plant grows richly supplies the things needed by the plant.
Objectives: TLW collect and compare different types of leaves.
TLW discuss how leaves how leaves are alike and different.
1) Collect different kinds of leaves and obtain a ruler.
2) Place the leaves on your desk and compare them.
What can you say about the shapes of the leaves?
How do they differ in size?
3) Place the leaves in groups according to properties, such as color size, kind (maple, oak, etc.), number of points, and arrangement of veins.
How many groups did you get?
4) Why do you think leaves vary in size, shape, color, number of points, and other characteristics?
5)Summarize how your leaves vary.
1) Press Plants- Invite students to collect parts of plants, such as leaves and flowers. Caution:Stress collecting fallen plant parts only. Do not allow students to pick from living things. Also, make sure students do not collect any parts from poisonous plants such as poison ivy. Have students press the plant parts between newspapers. Place some nooks or something heavy on the newspapers. After several days, remove the weights and newspapers. Discuss how drying helps to preserve the plants.
2) Make splatter pictures of leaves - Have students collect different types of leaves and bring them to class. Tell students to place the leaves on colored paper. Then show students how the dip brushes in poster paint and splatter paint over the leaves to make a picturec outline. Have students compare the different types of leaves and what methods they had to use to make good splatter pictures. For example, ask how the thickness of the paint affected the quality of the picture. | <urn:uuid:8f532086-7e91-4666-9d78-2025df80863f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://teachers.net/lessons/posts/186.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282140.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00124-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.937935 | 404 | 3.734375 | 4 |
"Westminster Abbey" Sightseeing Tip by iandsmith
Sightseeing, London: 408 reviews and 424 photos
Favorite thing: It's one of the world's great icons. The queues are constant. They've come to see history mainly though I suspect many don't see it as that. Rather they've come to see what all the fuss is about. Names on memorials roll off the tongue; Newton, Darwin, Marlowe, Wilde, Handel, Kipling, Austen. Oh, and did I mention Chaucer, Shakespeare, Bronte (as in sisters). If they don't satisfy then there's a notable smattering of your royals including a few Henrys, Elizabeth I, Edward the I and the confessor and we shouldn't forget the much-pursued Mary, Queen of Scots, who seems to have spent some of her time imprisoned in every second castle in Great Britain.
In fact, though I find it hard to believe, in a recent documentary on the idiot box, it was clearly stated that over 3,300 persons are buried here. Now, clearly they were not all notable and many go back beyond when the church attained its current shape but it's still an impressive figure.
Fondest memory: Photography and filming is not allowed whilst in the Abbey so you can hazard a guess where these shots might have come from. The first is one of the stained glass windows in the Chapter House, a mixture of late 19th and mid 20th century glass, much having been destroyed during the war. Clayton and Bell re-glazed the Chapter House in 1882 and in 1951 panels which survived the war were incorporated into a scheme drawn up by Joan Howson. The window over the entrance, showing sovereigns of England, was undamaged. Panels depict scenes from the history of England and the Abbey, with individual figures and coats of arms of kings, abbots, churchmen and benefactors to the Abbey.
The second shot is the Pyx Chamber. This low vaulted room off the East Cloister is part of the Undercroft that was built about 1070 but was walled off from the rest of the room sometime in the 12th century. The chamber was probably made into a treasury in the 13th century and may have been used as a sacristy when Henry III was rebuilding the main Abbey. This would explain the presence of the altar, recently dedicated to St Dunstan. The medieval tiled floor has designs similar to those on the much finer floor in the Chapter House, and show mainly heraldic subjects. In the time of Edward I this Chamber and the crypt of the Chapter House were assigned to the “Royal Wardrobe”, a department of State. In 1303, when the King was away in Scotland, the Wardrobe treasury was burgled and money and plate stolen.
The chamber was best known as the home of the wooden boxes, called Pyxes, where a sample of the coinage of the realm was kept to await the “Trial of the Pyx”. This was a public demonstration to show that the coinage was pure and samples of coins were “tried” by being melted down and the silver content measured. The Trial itself was never held in the Chamber but in the Palace of Westminster. It still takes place today in Goldsmiths’ Hall in the City of London.
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Have you been to London?Share Your Travels | <urn:uuid:4a0895bb-0b8a-46b8-b3f1-94106846b20b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://members.virtualtourist.com/m/p/m/1567c8/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00039-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.979643 | 759 | 2.21875 | 2 |
Snatching the car battery biz from Asia
Ener1 aims to fuel the car of the future and bring jobs to the Midwest. But the jury is still out on whether or not it can compete against its larger, more established rivals.
INDIANAPOLIS (CNNMoney.com) -- Thousands of jobs are riding on Ener1's efforts to build the best car battery in the world.
The start-up firm is the only U.S. company able to mass produce batteries on American soil for an automobile industry poised to make a monumental shift from gasoline to electric power.
Many say whoever controls the battery industry will control the auto industry and the thousands of jobs that go with it.
Ener1's newly opened production facility near Indianapolis could employ 3,000 workers. Like other renewable energy companies popping up in the Midwest, people are hoping Ener1 can replace some of the fast-disappearing auto and other manufacturing jobs.
Its lithium-ion battery technology is praised for being one of the best available. But Ener1 must compete for big contracts against larger, mostly Asian firms with much more experience in this field.
"Things will be difficult," said Brian Sponheimer, an analyst at Gabelli & Co., the research arm of GAMCO Investors. "There's a lot of optimism about their chemistry, but they haven't been tapped for a major program yet."
The race to develop a suitable electric car battery is exciting and Ener1 is certainly fighting hard to win.
Its employees have a desire to usher in a game-changing technology for not only the auto industry but the entire energy sector.
"This should be the dream of all battery engineers, to replace oil," said Naoki Ota, the firm's chief science officer.
The company's spotless Indianapolis production facility is buzzing with activity. Workers in white suits scurry about, trying to hide proprietary technology from our camera.
The company has applied for a $480 million government loan to expand its facility and hopefully allow it to land a big contract. If that happens, Ener1 says it will go on a hiring spree.
"We're talking about a serious growth in people," Ulrik Grape, head of the company's car battery division.
The company could then start making batteries on a large scale. Still, its lack of experience in manufacturing remains a problem.
Many of its competitors, including Japan's Panasonic and NEC, South Korea's LG, and a joint venture between U.S.-based Johnson Controls (JCI, Fortune 500) and the French company Saft, have been making batteries in high volumes for decades.
If Ford or General Motors are going to buy batteries for an electric car, they need confidence the company they're buying from can deliver.
"They need to illustrate their competitiveness," said Sponheimer. "They need to find someone that trusts them."
The company is working on it. They've been supplying the Norwegian firm Think Automotive with batteries for over a year, and recently announced a preliminary deal with upmarket California carmaker Fisker.
These are good starts, analysts say, but the company still needs to prove itself on a larger scale. The lack of experience may be one reason why GM decided to go with LG when choosing a battery supplier for its much-hyped Volt.
Manufacturing know-how aside, analysts are generally upbeat on the firm.
That Ener1 actually has a production facility in the United States gives it an immediate advantage, said Michael Lew, an analyst with Think Equity. Car batteries are heavy and expensive to ship, and it can take up to two years to build a new facility in the United States.
Lewis also noted that while Ener1 competitors may have experience making other types of batteries, the lithium ion field for cars is still a new game for everyone.
"They have as good a chance as anyone else," said Lew, but he also noted the company's ability to perfect large-scale manufacturing as its major challenge.
On the technology side, Ener1 is thought to have some of the best ideas going.
The chemicals it uses in coating the lithium strips that make up the battery are said to be top-notch. Unlike some of its competitors, the chemicals allow the company to produce different types of batteries for different types of vehicles. That's a competitive advantage, said Banc of America Securities-Merrill Lynch alternative energy analyst Steven Milunovich, who has a buy rating on the stock.
And the design of the battery itself, which allows several cells to be stacked on one another reducing the chance it will catch on fire, is also praised.
The company's technical prowess is how Charles Gassenheimer, the company's chief executive, responds to questions about whether it can compete in this global battery race.
"We are the first people to provide this breakthrough in terms of the flat, stacked design and work with revolutionary new chemistries," Gassenheimer recently told Fortune, CNNMoney's sister publication. "We may have as much as a two year advantage over our competition."
Another good sign for the firm: After doing much research into the company's business plan, the government is still considering giving it the $480 million loan.
"If they get the money, the government thinks it has a fighting chance," said Milunovich.
Ener1 may be the only U.S. company making batteries in America now, but they probably won't be for long. The privately held A123 Systems, which already makes batteries in Asia, may have a plant stateside in the next few years.
And smaller firms like Maxwell (MXWL), Valence (VLNC) or the scores of other entrepreneurs aspiring to make a cheap, light, fast-charging, long-lasting car batteries will likely enter the fray with Ener1. | <urn:uuid:b5c13cb0-fc9f-4b59-bd71-6b4d442ac117> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://money.cnn.com/2009/06/15/news/companies/ener1/index.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00557-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962317 | 1,206 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Mickey Rooney, Hollywood legend, dead at 93
Rooney began acting at 17 months old, first appearing in film in 1926
Mickey Rooney, the pint-size, precocious actor and all-around talent whose more than 80-year career spanned silent comedies, Shakespeare, Judy Garland musicals, Andy Hardy stardom, television and the Broadway theatre, died Sunday at age 93.
Los Angeles Police Commander Andrew Smith said that Rooney was with his family when he died at his North Hollywood home.
Smith said police took a death report but indicated that there was nothing suspicious and it was not a police case. He said he had no additional details on the circumstances of his passing.
'Don't retire — inspire'
Rooney started his career in his parents' vaudeville act while still a toddler, and broke into movies before age 10. He was still racking up film and TV credits more than 80 years later — a tenure likely unmatched in the history of show business.
I've been coming back like a rubber ball for years.- Actor Mickey Rooney
"I always say, `Don't retire — inspire,"' he told The Associated Press in March 2008. "There's a lot to be done."
Among his roles in recent years was a part as a guard in the smash 2006 comedy A Night at the Museum.
Rooney won two special Academy Awards for his film achievements, and reigned from 1939 to 1942 as the No. 1 moneymaking star in movies, his run only broken when he joined the army. At his peak, he was the incarnation of the show biz lifer, a shameless ham and hoofer whom one could imagine singing, dancing and wisecracking in his crib, his blond hair, big grin and constant motion a draw for millions. He later won an Emmy and was nominated for a Tony.
"Mickey Rooney, to me, is the closest thing to a genius I ever worked with," Clarence Brown, who directed his Oscar-nominated performance in The Human Comedy, once said.
Married 8 times, had 11 children
Rooney's personal life matched his film roles for colour. His first wife was the glamorous — and taller — Ava Gardner, and he married seven more times, fathering seven sons and four daughters.
Through divorces, money problems and career droughts, he kept returning with customary vigour.
"I've been coming back like a rubber ball for years," he commented in 1979, the year he returned with a character role in The Black Stallion, drawing an Oscar nomination as supporting actor, one of four nominations he earned over the years.
That same year he starred with Ann Miller in a revue called Sugar Babies, a hokey mixture of vaudeville and burlesque. It opened in New York in October 1979, and immediately became Broadway's hottest ticket. Rooney received a Tony nomination (as did Miller) and earned millions during his years with the show.
To the end, he was a non-stop talker continually proposing enterprises, some accomplished, some just talk:
- A chain of barbecue stands.
- Training schools for talented youngsters.
- A Broadway show he wrote about himself and Judy Garland.
Big break came with A Family Affair
Rooney was among the last survivors of Hollywood's studio era, which his career predated. Rooney signed a contract with MGM in 1934 and landed his first big role as Clark Gable as a boy in Manhattan Melodrama. A loanout to Warner Bros. brought him praise as an exuberant Puck in Max Reinhardt's 1935 production of A Midsummer Night's Dream, which also featured James Cagney and a young Olivia de Havilland.
Rooney was soon earning $300 US a week with featured roles in such films as Riff Raff, Little Lord Fauntleroy, Captains Courageous, The Devil Is a Sissy, and most notably, as a brat humbled by Spencer Tracy's Father Flanagan in Boys Town.
The big break came with the wildly popular Andy Hardy series, beginning with A Family Affair.
"I knew A Family Affair was a B picture, but that didn't stop me from putting my all in it," Rooney wrote. "A funny thing happened to this little programmer: released in April 1937, it ended up grossing more than half a million dollars nationwide."
The critics grimaced at the depiction of a kindly small-town judge (Lionel Barrymore) with his character-building homilies to his obstreperous son. But MGM saw the film as a good template for a series and studio head Louis B. Mayer saw the series as a template for a model American home. With Barrymore replaced by Lewis Stone in subsequent films and Rooney's part built up, Andy Hardy became a national hero and the 15 Hardy movies became a gold mine.
But Rooney became a cautionary tale for early fame. He earned a reputation for drunken escapades and quickie romances and was unlucky in both money and love. In 1942 he married for the first time, to Gardner, the statuesque MGM beauty. He was 21, she was 19.
"I'm 5 feet 3, but I was 6 feet 4 when I married Ava," he said in later years. The marriage ended in a year, and Rooney joined the army in 1943, spending most of his World War II service entertaining troops.
Rooney returned to Hollywood and disillusionment. His savings had been stolen by a manager and his career was in a nose dive. He made two films at MGM, then his contract was dropped.
"I began to realize how few friends everyone has," he wrote in his second autobiography. "All those Hollywood friends I had in 1938, 1939, 1940 and 1941, when I was the toast of the world, weren't friends at all."
His movie career never regained its prewar eminence.
But his later career proved his resilience: The Oscar nomination for Black Stallion. The Sugar Babies hit that captivated New York, London, Las Vegas and major U.S. cities. Voicing animated features like The Fox and the Hound, The Care Bears Movie and Little Nemo. An Emmy for his portrayal of a disturbed man in the 1981 TV movie Bill. Teaming with his eighth wife, Jan, off-Broadway in 2004 for a musical look back at his career called, fittingly, Let's Put On a Show.
Over the years, Rooney also made hundreds of appearances on TV talk and game shows, dramas and variety programs. He starred in three series: The Mickey Rooney Show (1954), Mickey (1964) and One of the Boys (1982). All lasted one season.
Started acting with parents
In 1983, the Motion Picture Academy presented Rooney with an honorary Oscar for his "60 years of versatility in a variety of memorable film performances." That matched the 1938 special award he shared with Deanna Durbin for "bringing to the screen the spirit and personification of youth."
A lifelong storyteller, Rooney wrote two memoirs: i.e., an Autobiography published in 1965; Life Is Too Short, 1991. He also produced a novel about a child movie star, The Search for Sonny Skies, in 1994.
In the autobiographies, Rooney gave two versions of his debut in show business. First he told of being 1½ and climbing into the orchestra pit of the burlesque theatre where his parents were appearing. He sat on a kettle drum and pretended to be playing his whistle, vastly amusing the audience. The theatre owner kept him in the show.
The second autobiography told a different story: He was hiding under the scenery when he sneezed. Dragged out by an actor, the toddler was ordered to play his harmonica. He did, and the crowd loved it.
Whatever the introduction, Joe Yule Jr., born in 1920, was the star of his parents' act by the age of two, singing Sweet Rosie O'Grady in a tiny tuxedo. His father was a baggy-pants comic, Joe Yule, his mother a dancer, Nell Carter. Yule was a boozing Scotsman with a wandering eye, and the couple soon parted.
While his mother danced in the chorus, young Joe was wowing audiences with his heartfelt rendition of Pal o' My Cradle Days. During a tour to California, the boy made his film debut as a midget in a 1926 Fox short, Not to Be Trusted.
Young Joe Yule played another midget in a Warner Bros. feature, Orchids and Ermine, starring Colleen Moore. Then he tried out for the lead in a series of Mickey McGuire comedies, meant to rival Hal Roach's Our Gang.
"I was ready to be Mickey McGuire," Rooney wrote in his memoirs, "except for one thing: his hair was black, mine was blonde."
His mother dyed his hair black the night before the audition, and her son won the role. He also acquired a new name: Mickey McGuire. He starred in 21 of the silent comedies, 42 with sound.
The boy was also playing kid parts in features, and his name seemed inappropriate. His mother suggested Rooney, after the vaudeville dancer, Pat Rooney.
Spoke out against elder abuse
After splitting with Gardner, Rooney married Betty Jane Rase, Miss Birmingham of 1944, whom he had met during military training in Alabama. They had two sons and divorced after four years. Their son Timothy died in September 2006 at age 59 after a battle with a muscle disease called dermatomyositis.
His third and fourth marriages were to actress Martha Vickers (one son) and model Elaine Mahnken.
But above all, when a man feels helpless, it's terrible.- Actor Mickey Rooney
The fifth Mrs. Rooney, model Barbara Thomason, gave birth to four children. While the couple were estranged in 1966, she was found shot to death in her Brentwood home; beside her was the body of her alleged lover, a Yugoslavian actor. It was an apparent murder and suicide.
A year later, Rooney began a three-month marriage to Margaret Lane. She was followed by a secretary, Caroline Hockett — another divorce after five years and one daughter.
In 1978, Rooney, 57, married for the eighth — and apparently last — time. His bride was singer Janice Darlene Chamberlain, 39. Their marriage lasted longer than the first seven combined.
After a lifetime of carrying on, he became a devoted Christian and member of the Church of Religious Science. He settled in suburban Thousand Oaks, about 64 kilometres west of Los Angeles. In 2011, Rooney was in the news again when he testified before Congress about abuse of the elderly, alleging that he was left powerless by a family member who took and misused his money.
"I felt trapped, scared, used and frustrated," Rooney told a special Senate committee considering legislation to curb abuses of senior citizens. "But above all, when a man feels helpless, it's terrible." | <urn:uuid:e72e12d4-79f7-418a-9e65-a5793dd0f04b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/mickey-rooney-hollywood-legend-dead-at-93-1.2600540 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.984644 | 2,318 | 1.570313 | 2 |
To me, the coolest thing about these no-sew blankets is that anyone can learn to make them! As long as you can use scissors and tie a knot, you’re ready to start! Making this style of blanket is something of a tradition in my family. Whenever someone new joins us for a holiday, more than likely, they will receive a fleece blanket. They can be machine washed and dried, which makes them great for everyday use!
In high school, I was required to complete a service project for National Honors Society. I collected donations from friends, family, and even teachers and used it to purchase the materials to create 28 fleece blankets that I then donated to Project Linus!
In the following video, I will demonstrate how to create one (or more!) of these fantastic blankets for yourself or a loved one. In order to keep the size manageable, I will be making a cat bed, but your blankets will be much larger!
Before you get started, you will need:
- 2 pieces of fleece (2 yards each for an adult-sized blanket, 1 1/2 for a child, 1 for an infant)
- Fabric Scissors
- A piece of paper or cardboard to guide your cutting (4 inches for a full sized blanket)
- Space to fully spread out the fleece and move around it.
Note: if the edges of your fleece are slightly rough feeling, this is selvage that should be trimmed off in the process of lining up your fleece.
Once you have the method down, the no-sew fleece method can also be used to create pillow, scarves and anything else you can imagine! | <urn:uuid:f21b1bfe-af59-40b6-a24d-23cd629f3f6d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mostlyharmlessdesigns.net/tag/fleece/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00474.warc.gz | en | 0.942397 | 347 | 1.609375 | 2 |
The FM software is also known as as the computer-aided service administration software or just CAFM. This method has considerable features and you can find applications organized to meet the requirements of the company. Whatever the software’s purpose is, it’s one supreme objective and that’s to simplify the preservation procedures. To do this, an FM software application may monitor the work purchases, monitor the tools and addresses the preservation concerns.
The integration of the features management software is really a long and expensive concept for a particular organization. The company officers must have a effectively skilled team to use the software. It must certanly be ensured that this system is installed with the proper information otherwise it could be useless. Organizations get a lot of time to find the correct software , one that’s helpful and could be of gain to their current preservation scheme. If the FM software is successfully incorporated into an establishment’s operation, the application can minimize work and more extend the life of their equipments and devices.
To basically choose the correct FM software , the people must pay attention to the IT volume of the organization to deal with the said program. The managers should also contemplate that the staff is capable of running the program efficiently. Along with that, the business must also invest in education their staff as they’ve to learn the program. The appropriate FM software is the main element to a company’s services administration success, thus your decision should really be dealt in a plausible manner. It is preferred that the organization should provide together a group of specialists from within to choose what FM software is fitted to them.
The people might also take into consideration that the FM software must certanly be accessible and may be modified. That software may access knowledge from throughout the business and compiles information for rapid accomplishment. The FM software can also be useful with mobile phones, therefore there’s a continuous flow of the info if you are in your working environment or outside.
Several suppliers began living establishing little and very basic applications designed to support the needs of a certain client or employer. Applications were developed to over come difficulties frequently confronted by Features Managers. In one single specific case the challenge was maintaining an exact record of Portable Machine Test results. And therefore, the beginning of one of many pioneers of CAFM methods began.
Programs grew at an worrying charge as the advantages of managing a center through software was clear to see. New adventures, characteristics and reports were quickly introduced to meet the needs of a rapidly rising customer base. Mobile technology was presented to streamline actions and communication between administrators and area technicians, giving data on the road and one of the first paperless processes.
The facilities administration software will help methods and streamline the customer and supplier connection, since the business enterprise spouse can also entry the history of these operations and status online. This let to save lots of time and disappointment from your workers and your partner’s while you may more enhance the company’position of your business as one of many major corporation.
Plenty of the customers search for a company detail by detail solution. The target of the facility administration software is to find out the business’s significance of managing the bodily facilities and property methods. If an establishment decides to integrate the CAFM connect , all the companies will handle a specific process which will determine their wants and requirements from beginning to end. | <urn:uuid:9ec22012-7897-4e0a-8bb2-353939ce672b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.lucanashville.com/improving-the-adventures-of-facilities-management-with-use-of-cafm__trashed/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570741.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808001418-20220808031418-00068.warc.gz | en | 0.959655 | 688 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Have you heard about garcinia cambogia for weight loss? You might be wondering how safe and effective garcinia cambogia is. Garcinia cambogia can have some side effects, but the benefits outweigh these risks. Let’s find the truth. Garcinia gummi-gutta is the fruit of a tropical species of Garcinia. It grows wild in Southeast Asia and South Asia, and it’s also known as the brindle berry, or Malabar tamarind. It is a green or pale yellow color and looks similar to a pumpkin.
The tropical fruit Garcinia gummi-gutta is a plant native to Southeast and South Asia. Its name means brindle berry, Malabar tamarind. It looks similar to a pumpkin and comes in a range of colors from green to pale yellow. It is not readily available in the United States, but it is found in Southeast Asia and is a great weight loss supplement.
Some people have reported modest or rapid weight loss after taking a garcinia cambogia supplement. Garcinia cambogia supplements reduce fat production in the liver and promote the oxidation. It also reduces cholesterol levels and affects serotonin levels in the brain. The supplement contains hydroxycitric acid, which is believed to be responsible for its weight loss benefits. Although the exact effects of the fruit are unknown, research suggests that it may help reduce appetite and prevent the body storing fat.
The fruit contains high levels of hydroxycitric acids (HCA), a derivative of citric acids that inhibits the production fat. Some studies have shown that garcinia Cambogia can increase serotonin levels in brains and curb appetite. This fruit is effective at suppressing appetite and supporting the weight loss journey. So, if you are thinking of trying garcinia cambogia for weight loss, read on!
While garcinia cambogia has a reputation for helping people lose weight, the latest studies show that it can cause liver problems. After taking it for a prolonged period of time, some patients develop hepatitis. There have been cases of severe liver failure in patients who took garcinia-cambogia. Multi-ingredient products should be used with caution by military personnel. This ingredient is not recommended for people with a weakened immune system, or those with a history of liver diseases.
The hydroxycitric Acid (HCA) found in garcinia Cambogia is a substance found within the fruit of a tropical tree that is native to India and South-East Asia. It is a calorie burning substance found in the skin. Animal trials have shown it to promote weight reduction. Although the exact mechanism isn’t fully understood, it is thought to improve appetite control and fat burning.
While this ingredient is widely used for weight loss, its effect on human health is unclear. Although there are no human studies to prove its effectiveness in weight loss, animal research has shown it can reduce body fat by suppressing fat synthesis. It has also been shown that it can improve athletic performance. While more research is needed in order to prove its efficacy, some researchers believe that the fruit can aid with weight loss.
Gambogia is known to be a powerful fat-burner and has been shown to lower blood glucose levels. Celebrities have endorsed this fruit as being good for diabetics. The results of studies on rats suggest that garcinia cambogia can reduce glucose absorption and reduce blood sugar spikes after meals. These studies are not reliable because rats don’t have as much metabolic capability as humans.
The HCA in garcinia cambogia supplement has been shown to boost the body’s fat-burning capacity, but research on human effects is still incomplete. Although garcinia has been proven to aid weight loss in animal studies however, the results are inconsistent. It is difficult to know if it will help you lose weight, but it is worth trying if your goal is to improve your health.
There are a number of possible side effects associated with garcinia cambogia for weight loss. One of these side effects is mania. In 2009, the FDA issued a warning to consumers about the product. The supplement’s manufacturer has been linked to liver damage, seizures, and rhabdomyolysis. Other potential side effects include mania or cardiac disorders.
The primary ingredient of the fruit, hydroxycitric Acid (HCA), inhibits enzyme ATP citrate lyase. This causes altered synthesis, cholesterol, and triglycerides. Garcinol, which is present in significant quantities in the rind of the fruit, has multifunctional bioactivities. It has been shown to decrease the number of human pancreatic cancer cells. Its role in the pathogenesis and treatment of acute pancreatitis was also investigated.
Garcinia cambogia safety has not been proven safe for pregnant or nursing women. A standard dose of the fruit is not known to be effective in weight loss. In studies that have shown benefits, participants took 300 milligrams of HCA daily for two weeks, followed by 1,500 milligrams per day for 11 days. In other words, the optimal dosage is different for every person.
Garcinia cambogia has been linked to a few other side effects for overweight people. Garcinia cambogia was found to reduce triglyceride levels in overweight women who ate it for 60 days. Triglycerides are a type of blood fat that is associated with cardiovascular disease, so it is important to lower triglycerides in the blood. Other types of fat have not yet been studied and further studies are needed to determine if the side effects are worth the potential dangers.
A review of the research regarding garcinia Cambogia and weight loss shows that it is safe. However, there are some caveats. The safety of garcinia cambogia for weight loss may depend on the diet of the individual taking it. HCA’s effectiveness may be reduced by high-fiber diets. Despite this, HCA has been widely used for many decades. Some people have lost significant amounts of weight using it.
Garcinia cambogia extract is a compound found in the rind. It contains the active ingredient hydroxycitric Acid (HCA). This ingredient is a supplement and not a drug. Diet pills containing garcinia sulfurate are not subject to FDA regulation. The effectiveness of garcinia cambogia is left to the manufacturers. Many people swear by its weight loss properties.
Garcinia cambogia has been extensively researched for its safety in weight-loss. There have been numerous studies that examined its effectiveness in reducing body fatty acids. One study examined the effectiveness of garcinia cambogia for weight loss when compared to placebo-treated patients. This study used double-blind, placebo-controlled trials to assess the efficacy and safety of garcinia cambogia as a weight loss supplement.
Garcinia cambogia has been linked to adverse side effects in women who have never had liver disease. She had taken 2,800mg of pure garcinia-cambogia extract daily for a month. After her condition improved, she resumed taking the supplement. She eventually suffered liver damage. This is the first report of liver toxicity linked to garcinia cambogia.
Garcinia cambogia is known to inhibit the extramitochondrial enzyme Adenosine triphosphate citrate (pro-3S). It may be a key ingredient in de novo lipogenesis inhibition. This is good news for those who are overweight as it could lead to weight loss. Unfortunately, there are not many studies on this extract.
Participants ranged in age between 20 and 65. They were evaluated at 0, 4, and 12 weeks of the study. The average age of the study participants was 44 years. No subject had to withdraw from the study due to treatment-related adverse events. Those who lost weight but did not lose significant body fat were still considered to have lost it. These findings suggest that Garcinia Cambogia is an effective weight-loss supplement.
Columbia University’s Obesity Research Center conducted a recent study to assess the effects of Garcinia Cambogia on weight reduction in 135 overweight subjects. Half of the study group received garcinia cambogia, while the other half received a placebo. Both groups ate high-fiber diets and returned for evaluation every two weeks. The 12-week trial revealed no significant differences between the groups.
Combined with exercise and diet, garcinia cambogia alone did not cause any meaningful weight loss. A single RCT on obese women showed that garcinia cambogia plus diet and exercise could help obese women lose up to 6 pounds more than the control group. Further, the study also showed that the supplement was more effective than the placebo in suppressing appetite and increasing HDL (good) cholesterol. But the research has shown that the weight loss benefits are small and temporary, and that it is best to combine the two in order to achieve maximum results.
Garcinia Cambogia Weight Loss Program Review
Garcinia Cambogia weight loss programs have been in the news lately due to the many trials and research. Columbia University Obesity Research Center ran a 12-week study that included 135 overweight participants. Half were given a placebo, the other half a garcinia cambogia supplement, and they both followed a high-fiber diet. Researchers found no significant differences in weight loss between the two group after the 12-week trial.
BioPls Slim Pro weight loss formula
Without mentioning the benefits, a BioPls Slim Pro Garcinia-cambogia weight loss program review is incomplete. The weight loss formula has multiple effects, from boosting metabolism and hormone levels to preventing fat cell growth and improving overall health. Its ability enhance libido, sexual performance, and regulate the circadian rhythm to boost metabolism are just a few of its many benefits.
The formula includes hydro citrus extract and green-tea leaf phytochemicals. These promote fat oxidation, and trigger the body’s natural detox. It also contains caffeine which is essential for stimulating metabolism. BioPls Slim Pro contains various supplements, minerals, as well as enhancements that can boost metabolism and encourage weight loss. It improves sound assimilation and strengthens your immune system.
BioPls Slim Pro’s ingredients are carefully selected from hundreds of natural ingredients. They work on the metabolism and have no side effects, which guarantees their safety and effectiveness. BioPls Slim Pro claims they don’t contain any artificial additives. It is also safe to use because the product has been thoroughly tested.
The company offers a 60 day money-back guarantee so that you can try the products and determine if they work. But, results won’t happen overnight. It takes between four and eight weeks for you to notice any real effects. If you don’t see results in the first few days, you can discontinue using the product.
It’s the holiday season again. This is a time when people indulge in heavy eating. Then, they make a New Year’s resolution and start a diet. Many popular diets such as South Beach, Jenny Craig and Slim-Fast are effective, but there’s a new product that promises to help you lose weight in a month. Garcinia cambogia, the miracle ingredient, is being called the fastest way to lose weight. However, there are many questions that must be answered.
First, what are the results of the studies? Studies on the supplement’s effects on weight loss are mixed. One meta-analysis, published in the Journal of Obesity, analyzed data from 12 randomized clinical trials. Researchers found that garcinia cambogia taken in a dosage of 1,000 to 2,800 milligrams per day for two to 12 weeks could help people lose around two pounds. While the results of the trials are not conclusive, it’s worth reading some of the reviews.
Garcinia cambogia is safe to consume, but it is best that you consult a doctor before using it. There are many side effects and studies have shown that garcinia cambogia can interact with other medications. If you’re taking any type medication, it’s important that you consult your doctor. Garcinia cambogia can be purchased online. But, be cautious. There are many fake websites out there so be careful!
HCA is one of the main components in Garcinia cambogia. HCA inhibits the enzyme ATP-citrate lyase, which is necessary for de novo lipogenesis in human cells. The HCA in Garcinia cambogia is claimed to reduce body weight and fat mass. A recent study looked at the effects HCA had on obesity in humans. The study involved subjects with different levels of obesity to evaluate the effectiveness of HCA treatment.
While a lot of research has shown that the substance inhibits one key enzyme in the human body, it is not known if it is a natural ingredient in Garcinia Cambogia. However, rats have shown that the substance significantly slows down their weight gain and increases their metabolism rate. Additionally, it is unlikely that the effects of HCA are a result of a garcinia cambogia weight loss program, but a supplement can help your weight loss efforts.
HCA can also help you lose weight. It can also increase your energy levels. Higher energy levels can not directly impact weight loss, but they can motivate you to exercise and burn calories. These effects can be beneficial when they are part of a diet-based program for weight loss. The best results can be achieved by using the supplement in conjunction with a calorie reduction diet. A Garcinia cambogia weight-loss program should include HCA and an exercise program.
A new study in the Nutrition Journal suggests that a popular weight-loss supplement can actually increase your cholesterol levels. Garcinia cambogia is a tropical fruit, and it may improve your cholesterol levels and triglycerides. It may also raise your HDL cholesterol levels. However it is not recommended to people taking high cholesterol medications. This weight-loss supplement is also considered unsafe by the FDA. In 2017, the agency issued a warning to consumers about the safety of garcinia cambogia products. It can also cause liver and kidney damage.
One study looked at the effects of garcinia upon hunger suppression. The diet included 89 women who were mildly obese. At each visit, participants ingested 400 mg of garcinia cambogia or placebo capsules, 30-60 minutes before meals. All participants were assessed for body composition, weight, and food intake. Garcinia weight loss programs failed to result in significant weight loss or fat reduction.
A study conducted in 2010 showed that the ingredient sibutramine could interact with prescription medications, including opioid pain medication and antidepressants. It was also associated to higher blood pressure and heart rates. This can lead to serious cardiovascular problems. The FDA banned sibutramine in 2010 from the market. Supplements can interact with medications and cause side effects. Those taking a sibutramine-containing supplement may need to be monitored closely by a physician.
garcinia cambogia weight loss program
Many advertisements for garcinia cambogia include references to clinical studies and mention of Dr. Oz, but is there any scientific evidence for its weight loss benefits? The Malabar tamarind, the rind of this fruit, has been used for centuries as a traditional remedy and digestive aid. HCA, which is the active ingredient in Garcinia Cambogia, is not safe.
Although research is still incomplete, some studies have shown significant weight loss with Garcinia Cambogia. A meta-analysis of 12 random clinical trials was published in the Journal of Obesity. Researchers found that garcinia Cambogia can be used in low doses to lose two pounds over a two-to-12-week period.
Some studies have shown that garcinia Cambogia may help you lose weight and fat. The main ingredient is hydroxycitric acid, which interferes with the citrate lyase enzyme, which aids in the metabolism of fatty acids. This compound has been extensively studied and no evidence of its effectiveness has been found.
Garcinia cambogia weight loss programs review the evidence to assess its safety and effectiveness. It is grown in Malaysia and used in soups and other foods since centuries. It is a well-respected natural food with a strong reputation. However, it is now available in a bottle. It has many benefits for weight loss. In fact, it can help you lose weight faster than you thought.
Garcinia cambogia – Hydroxycitric acid
Hydroxycitric acid (HCA) is a natural substance found in certain South Asian plants. It works by inhibiting adenosine triphosphatase-citrate lyase, a key enzyme involved in appetite suppression. HCA also inhibits the activity intestinal alphaglucosidase, and pancreatic alpha aminolase, which slows down carbohydrate metabolism.
HCA, the main ingredient of garcinia, has been studied by researchers and found to have significant health benefits. HCA can also suppress appetite and increase brain serotonin levels. HCA is believed to aid in weight loss, although the mechanism behind this effect is not clear. However, more studies are needed to fully understand the effects of this supplement. Continue reading to learn more!
The safety of this supplement has been questioned, mainly because there are no studies on its safety and effects on pregnant or lactating women. There is no recommended dosage for adults. The FDA issued a warning about this weight loss supplement in 2017. Some people may experience liver damage and even manic episodes. This can be dangerous for their health. Therefore, it’s important to follow the directions carefully.
HCA can also be used to lose weight. It inhibits the extramitochondrial enzyme pro-3S-lyase (adenosine triphosphate citrate). This enzyme may play a vital role in inhibiting de novo lipogenesis. Studies involving overweight people have shown that Garcinia cambogia can help reduce body weight and reduce fat mass.
- Readers reviews
- Rated 4.2 stars
4.2 / 5 (Reviewers)
- Your review | <urn:uuid:112dc98d-b948-4b16-89b7-12d2f00898bc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.kohlbach.org/garcinia-cambogia-metaxlim/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00679.warc.gz | en | 0.952033 | 3,889 | 1.875 | 2 |
When people are in pain, they tend to turn to medical doctors. And that is an important first step. But if the medical doctors can’t find a cause for the pain – or even if they can – it is helpful to know that there are non-medical interventions for pain management. Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction offers tools for pain management. And wonderful medical doctors such as John Sarno and Howard Schubiner along with counselors such as Alan Gordon of the Pain Psychology Center have paved the way for a deeper understanding of what they refer to as Mind-Body Issues / Pyscho-Physiological Issues / Neural-Plastic Issues. I have trained with Howard Schubiner and Alan Gordon, and can help you “unlearn” your pain, as we explore the neuroscience behind chronic pain and explore some of the feelings that might be amplifying it.
RECOMMENDED RESOURCES FOR PAIN MANAGEMENT:
Unlearn Your Pain – Howard Schubiner
Think Away Your Pain | <urn:uuid:baebdcb0-3721-4948-affc-9a4b9f4133ac> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jaclynlong.com/pain/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.931179 | 209 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Part of advanced collaboration is to continuously read, learn and write with other diverse connections (friends.) Here is a taste of some of what we are learning this month:
MOAI In the NY Times:
"Friends can exert a measurable and ongoing influence on your health behaviors in a way that a diet never can,” Mr. Buettner said. In Okinawa, Japan, a place where the average life expectancy for women is around 90, the oldest in the world, people form a kind of social network called a moai — a group of five friends who offer social, logistic, emotional and even financial support for a lifetime."
From Blue Zone Tribes interactive checklist (go try it!)
Research shows that friends can have a long-term impact on our health. In fact, if your best friends are obese, you’re about twice as likely to be overweight. The following exercise is for you only. You don’t need to turn this in. You don’t need to share it. It’s just an honest assessment for your own reflection. Use this checklist help you optimize your life for maximum health and happiness. Seriously. Try it!
Bevy to your groups
Go work with a company that is building community from the ground up. They really do help companies manage and scale their user groups and event communities, all over the world. If you run community events - go use them!
It's all about the conversations
This is a Slack blog post, and there are lots of great books on improving conversation. But another one is always welcome and Erika Hall nails this one.
Or talk to a bot
Jane.ai claims to solve your companies intelligence in an ai platform. Of course, this isn't possible, but you have to give huge kudos to companies trying to improve work in any fashion.
With all the online chatter, it is about time someone found a way to turn it into beautiful art - which you can too now. Check out Luster.
French Collevtive Intelligence
Use Google translate and check out the vision of a French team making sense of collective sense. Check out Voxcracy.
As this field gets more and more attention, it is causing many to look at the role of network science or organizational network analysis. David Green has been a leader in the field for a while and summarizes it nicely on LinkedIn.
Sometimes all this data and feedback can be overwhelming
Take some notes to stop taking things personally. Great thoughts by Marc Chernoff.
Wall Street Journal Networking
Networking for Actual Human Beings... The research is clear: People don’t mix at mixers, and don’t feel good about trying. But there are better ways to make meaningful connections... keep reading on the WSJ.
Other teams organization
It ALWAYS helps to read great write-ups on how others are managing their teams around the world. Check out this step by step guide that you can follow too.
Finally - 'designing' work!
From MIT: For years, management thinkers assumed that there were inevitable trade-offs between efficiency and flexibility — and that the right organizational design for each was different. But it’s possible to design an organization’s work in ways that simultaneously offer agility and efficiency — if you know how.
Learn from examplary communities:
From 'exploring how to contribute to a more prosperous, just and sustainable civilization, through their daily work' to a series of experiences designed to activate creativity to hatch a better world. Check them out. Thanks Svenja Ruger (one of the best community leaders and facilitators in Europe)
What? From Quartz: When we think about metaphor, we might think about how we typically learn about metaphor in school: as a poetic device or a rhetorical flourish. But, metaphors are not simply confined to the world of poetry—they are all around us. We describe time as money (“spending time”), arguments as war (“you attacked my argument,” “I defended my argument”), love as a journey (“their relationship hit a dead end”), and emotional states as directions (“he was feeling down,” “cheer up”). By some estimates, we use metaphors every 25 words, but because metaphors are so embedded in our language, they often go unnoticed.
Why not end with a great infographic from Network Wise on networking (long scrolling ahead, but worth it!) And most of Adam Connors work is excellent, so go check him out. | <urn:uuid:85722a1a-221c-4645-a3fc-f2c35f321d0d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://advanced.collaboration.ai/blog/future-of-work-from-around-the-web | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00278.warc.gz | en | 0.94744 | 961 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Translated by: MOS Buddhism Team – Accelerator
According to a related report on January 28th local time, the EU Council would release the latest travel regulations within the EU in the next few days, stating that since February 1st, anyone with a CCP virus vaccination certificate or recovery certificate or negative test result could travel freely within 27 EU countries without quarantine and additional Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT). It was learned that although the CCP virus infection rate remained very high throughout Europe, every government couldn’t wait to reopen. In this regard, EU health officials said EU countries should immediately lift the various pandemic restrictions, which would complicate traveling. In addition, the U.K. recently announced the complete lifting of restrictions and reopening of bars and restaurants. Meanwhile, the local government also lifted legal requirements for citizens to wear masks and the quarantine requirements pertinent to travelers’ entry. The Danish government also released a statement to lift all the pandemic preventive measures before February 1st. Moreover, they would no longer classify the CCP virus as a critical disease after January 31st.
Proofread/Edited by: Saturn
Posted by: Wenfei | <urn:uuid:37c220bf-65ec-45a1-8da5-c71ecf35bc74> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gnews.org/post/p1946050 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.964875 | 255 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Halloween Safety Tips for Families
Precautions You Should Take to Keep Your Children Safe
Thursday, October 20, 2011
CINCINNATI -- Monsters, goblins and super-heroes will soon be descending on homes everywhere and while Halloween is a time for fun and treats, certain dangers abound.
The key to keeping kids safe this year, and every year, is close parental supervision and a few trick-or-treat precautions.
Doctors at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and experts in the Drug and Poison Information Center offer these tips to make this year's holiday a safe one.
- Avoid potential burn injuries: Look for flame-resistant materials for costumes and be particularly aware of open flames in Jack O’ Lanterns
- Choose costumes that do not have sharp objects attached to masks or itself
- Beware of costumes made with flimsy materials and outfits with big baggy sleeves or billowing skirts.
- Make sure masks allow for full vision
- If your child wears a hat or scarf, make sure it fits securely and provides adequate ventilation
- Apply non-toxic face paint or cosmetics as an alternative to masks
- Make sure children wear properly fitting shoes
- Plan costumes of highly visible colors
- Adhere reflective tape or stickers to costumes or treat bags or have the child wear a reflective bracelet
- Attach each child’s name, address and phone number to their clothes in case they become separated from adults
The most important thing to remember is to make children visible to automobile drivers. A child is four times more likely to be hit and killed by a car on Halloween than any other time.
- Give kids flashlights to carry
- Accompany children under age 10
- Allow children to travel only in familiar areas
- Remind children to follow rules of crossing streets – look both ways and cross only at intersections and crosswalks
- For people who are giving out treats, healthy food alternatives for trick-or-treaters include packages of low-fat crackers with cheese, single-serve boxes of cereal, packaged fruit rolls, mini boxes of raisins and single-serve packets of low-fat popcorn
- Non-food treats may include plastic rings, pencils, stickers, erasers and coins
- Battery powered jack o’lantern candles are preferable to a real flame. If adults who are passing out treats do use candles, place the pumpkin well away from where trick-or-treaters will be walking or standing.
- Feed kids a good meal before trick-or-treating so they don’t get cranky or hungry half-way through
- Do not allow children to eat any treats until they’ve been sorted and checked by an adult at home
- Throw candy away if it appears to have been unwrapped and re-wrapped, or appears suspicious in any way
- Do not allow young children to have any items that are small enough to present a choking hazard or that have small parts or components that could separate during use
Halloween can sometimes be a frightening holiday for children. To help ease the fright of "monsters" and unfamiliar sights, child psychologists at Cincinnati Children's say parents should help their children interpret Halloween as a make-believe situation. Show children that someone is just wearing a mask by asking that person to remove it. Parents should also have small children try on their costumes before Halloween. This exercise will give them time to get used to how they look.
About Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center ranks third in the nation among all Honor Roll hospitals in U.S. News and World Report's 2011 Best Children's Hospitals ranking. It is ranked #1 for gastroenterology and in the top 10 for all pediatric specialties - a distinction shared by only two other pediatric hospitals in the United States. Cincinnati Children's is one of the top two recipients of pediatric research grants from the National Institutes of Health. It is internationally recognized for improving child health and transforming delivery of care through fully integrated, globally recognized research, education and innovation. Additional information can be found at www.cincinnatichildrens.org | <urn:uuid:f91708cd-a31d-4a9f-94c4-f26c106b8877> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/news/release/2011/cincinnati-childrens-halloween-tips-08-20-2011 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00160-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.92542 | 863 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Triton Clapton Coil
The Clapton coil is designed to produce better vapor and
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This sub-ohm replacement coil designed to fit:
Specifications of the Triton Clapton Coil:
- 0.5 ohm
- Recommended use at 40W to 45W | <urn:uuid:72fd4c24-09a2-486f-b54d-ace18e7c736f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.jvapes.com/triton-clapton-coil | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00189-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.862147 | 97 | 1.5625 | 2 |
Canada’s Baby Boomers are looking to downsize their homes in the next five years; this move should boost the supply of single-family homes and prove important for current condo owners. This trend could also have a major impact on the housing market and home financing. Research has shown that 10% of Baby Boomers 50 years and older plan on selling their existing home and buy or rent a smaller home. Research has also shown that 85% of baby boomers own a detached home, 6% live in a semi-detached, 3% live in a condo and 2% live in a row or townhouse. The primary reason for downsizing for baby boomers includes wanting to reduce maintenance work, cost of living and the desire to travel more.
Baby Boomers have built up a significant amount of equity. Many Baby Boomers have got into the housing market years ago, which means their homes have gone up in value. This is good news for condo owners who are planning on selling their units in the near future, especially those that offer upscale comforts and lifestyle communities that Baby Boomers demand. 50% of Baby Boomers say that they may considers downsizing to a condo or apartment.
StatsCan has said that the main contributor to baby boomers downsizing is that there has been an increase in the market value of real estate, which as resulted in price increases. The single most important asset for Canadians is their principal residence. StatsCan has communicated that net worth typically increases with age, partly because many older people live in mortgage-free homes. Research has shown that the median net worth of Baby Boomers age 65 and over is roughly $443,600 which has been a significant increase compared to previous years.
The generation ahead of the Baby Boomers, people now in there seventies or older has already done much of its home downsizing. They’ve moved into condos or smaller bungalows. And the generation following the Baby Boomers has purchased homes when prices were much higher. Baby Boomers may be planning on tapping into their equity, perhaps move into smaller homes, but the home financing industry is confident they will remain in the housing market and many will require home financing for years to come.
Baby Boomers are using their lines of credit and other means of financing to renovate their homes, purchase vacation homes, help their children buy to homes, purchase investment properties such as downtown condos for rentals or invest in the stock market. There has recently been some reducing of housing demands, which can have an impact on construction and housing prices. The housing market is not just dependent on demographics. Income is generated by strong economic growth. There has been an increased demand for vacation properties, adult-lifestyle communities and high-end condominiums as Baby Boomers move into the downtown areas from the suburbs. The good thing is this allows people to get into the housing market because monthly payments are lower over the longer amortization period. But the total interest costs are higher over the long term. The total interest costs over the life of a 35-year mortgage are 50% more expensive than over a 25-year period.
In today’s society there are some younger Baby Boomers, in their late forties that are moving into bigger houses while their cash flow is still strong, they are also taking out equity to upgrade the property. Baby Boomers have always enjoyed displays of status and a home is most people’s biggest status symbol. As homeowners pay down their mortgages, they have more money available to them in the operating line. This is meant to help homeowners customize their new or existing home in order to accommodate them as they age, with features such as framing for future elevator shafts and more accessible bathrooms and kitchens.
For many Canadians, their homes are their largest investment and they’ll need them to finance their retirement. They can do this by downsizing to a less expensive home, or by remaining in the home and taking out reverse mortgages. Reverse mortgages are available in Canada to those Canadians age 62 or older. Reverse mortgages provide holders with a lump sum payment of up to 40% of the appraised value of the home up to a maximum of $500,000, based on age and life expectancy. For those who use them for living expenses, the payouts are tax-free.
Thank you for reading!
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The name people recommend in Real Estate...
CENTURY 21 MILLER REAL ESTATE LTD.*
467 Speers Road
Ontario, L6K 3S4
Direct Line: 905.339.5270 E-Mail: hans.taal@century21.
*Brokerage, Independently Owned and Operated | <urn:uuid:50f91b9f-f5c8-42a2-bff3-3acb85e33f72> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.century21.ca/hans.taal/Blog/Why_Has_There_Been_an_Increase_in_the_Number_of_Baby_Boomers_Downsizing | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00468-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96888 | 985 | 1.734375 | 2 |
Intravenous injections are those administered directly into a peripheral or central vein of the circulatory system. Potential adult intravenous (IV) injection sites include those areas where veins lie close to the skin and are large enough to withstand the pressure and volume infusion of an intravenous injection. Usually visible and even palpable to a trained healthcare worker, these peripheral intravenous injection sites are primarily located in the upper extremities or arms. IV sites can be located in the legs, but IV injection sites in the lower extremities are difficult to reach and more painful to use. Central intravenous injection sites are often difficult to reach with a standard IV cannula or a hypodermic needle and usually require placement of an indwelling central catheter — such as a PICC line or subclavian line — before an IV medication can be administered.
As noted above, the most common intravenous injection sites are in the upper extremities and involve those of the back of the hands, the front and back of the lower arm and the antecubital fossa, or elbow. Veins in the legs are difficult to locate given the musculature of the lower extremities. Further, complications to IV administrations in the legs can result in more serious side effects, such as blood clots and venous insufficiency secondary to valve damage. Femoral veins are not recommended as a standard intravenous injection site due to the blood vessel's deep location and proximity to the femoral artery and femoral nerve. Veins in the feet are usually small and painful to utilize for IV injection sites.
The administration of an intravenous injection is an entirely different procedure than the administration of an intramuscular (IM) injection. These injections are administered deep into the body of a muscle, such as the deltoid or the gluteus. After the syringe is inserted, the plunger is pulled back to determine if a vein has been punctured before the medication is injected to ensure that the medication is administered intramuscularly and not intravenously. Intravenous administration causes a much faster drug action time than does intramuscular administration. While some medications can be administered both IV or IM, some are restricted to one route or dangerous side effects can occur.
Finally, potential intravenous injection sites depend upon whether the purpose of the injection is for a medicinal purpose or is related to recreational drug use or addiction. Individuals seeking intravenous injection sites for recreational drug use often use sites that would never be considered in a medical situation. Areas more often used for recreational IV injections might include the upper arm and the legs, for example. | <urn:uuid:75307d95-404f-4910-b79b-4ef51fe11906> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thehealthboard.com/what-are-the-different-intravenous-injection-sites.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.934171 | 535 | 3.109375 | 3 |
inside immigration information about marriage green cards and work visas in America
. . . back to home page
Back in 1998 our client legally entered the USA with his B2 tourist visa. In 2001 he asked us to help his lawful permanent resident father filed an I-130 Petition for him, placing him on the Category F2B waiting list, as an unmarried adult. The waiting list for relatives from some countries to get their green cards through a family member is so long that many times the petitioner dies before the process is completed.
Unfortunately this happened when our client’s father died, rendering the I-130 Petition he filed for his son automatically “revoked.” Our client was very sad about his father’s death, as well as his loss of the opportunity for a green card.
Over the years, our client stayed in touch with us to see if there was anything we could do. He kept living in the USA hoping and praying that the immigration laws would change. Finally, a new law was approved, allowing us to apply for his green card, even though in his case the I-130 Petition was not approved before his father died.
We applied for a green card for our client in June 2012 and requested that the I-130 petition that his father filed back in 2001 be reinstated pursuant to the new law – INA Section 204 (l). After a green card interview, his green card was approved in record time in August 2012!
What is the New Law?
In 2010, a new law was passed in America allowing a wider range of relatives to get Permanent Resident Status (a green card) even though their petitioning relative had passed away. In the past, only husbands or wives could get their green card when their spouse was deceased. INA Section 204(l) expanded the eligibility for green cards to the Principal Beneficiaries and Derivative Beneficiaries in both employment-based and family-based preferences, as well as T non-immigrants, U non-immigrants and I-730 asylum derivatives. Another name for the new law is Public Law Number 111-83.
This article focuses on the Principal Beneficiaries and Derivative Beneficiaries in family-based preferences.
What is a Petitioning Relative?
A Petitioning Relative is the person who filed the I-130 Petition for Alien Relative. It might have been a parent, spouse, brother or sister.
What is a Principal Beneficiary and a Derivative Beneficiary?
If a parent files an I-130 Petition for a married son, the married son is the Principal Beneficiary. The married son’s wife is the Derivative Beneficiaries.
What is a Qualifying Relative?
The person who died may “qualify” one of their relatives for a green card. The Qualifying Relative who died needs to have been (a) the Petitioner (the one who filed the I-130 Petition) or (b) the Principal Beneficiary.
For example if a father filed an I-130 Petition for his married son and his wife, the father is the Petitioner and the son is the Principal Beneficiary, while the son’s wife is a Derivative Beneficiary. But if the married son died the new law allows the married son to be the Qualifying Relative so that his wife can get a green card.
What is a Family-Based Preference?
When certain relatives file an I-130 Petition, their relatives are put on a “Visa Bulletin” waiting list. Due to numerical limitations, they are divided into five “Family-Based Preference” categories:
Category F-1 is the single adult child of a U.S. Citizen
Category F-2A is the spouse and minor unmarried child of a Green Card Holder
Category F-2B is the unmarried adult child of a Green Card Holder
Category F-3 is the married child of a U.S. Citizen
Category F-4 is the brother or sister of a U.S. Citizen
What Are the Requirements for a Surviving Relative to get a Green Card?
If the surviving relative falls into one of the Family-Based Preference Categories above either as the Principal Beneficiary or a Derivative Beneficiary, here are the other requirements:
• The Principal Beneficiary and/or the Derivative Beneficiary had to have an I-130 Petition filed for them (it can be approved or still pending);
• The Principal Beneficiary and/or the Derivative Beneficiary had to live in the USA at the time of the death of the Qualifying Relative;
• The Principal Beneficiary and/or the Derivative Beneficiary must continue to reside in the USA;
• The Dept. of Homeland Security must decide that approval of a green card would not be “contrary to the public interest” (same rules about criminal convictions apply)
• There must be a substitute sponsor for the I-864 Affidavit of Support (only certain relatives qualify to be the substitute I-864 Affidavit of Support sponsor).
Is Reinstatement of an I-130 Petition Under INA Section 204(l) the Same as “Humanitarian Reinstatement of an I-130 Petition?” Can Both be Filed at the Same Time?
Reinstatement under INA Section 204(l) and Humanitarian Reinstatement are two different applications. One main different is that Reinstatement under INA Section 204(l) is provided for “by law” if the eligibility requirements (such as proof of residence in the USA, etc.) are proven, and the decision can be appealed.
Humanitarian Reinstatement is “discretionary” (up to the Immigration Officer) and cannot be appealed. The law allows both to be filed at the same time.
She will ask to see a copy of the I-130 approval notice and ask for the date of death of the petitioner in order to discuss the case. | <urn:uuid:1d0bb929-d9d2-4b80-ad66-101351a6573f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://immigrationworkvisa.wordpress.com/2012/10/30/green-card-for-surviving-relatives/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00482-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966783 | 1,253 | 1.546875 | 2 |
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PC3000-flash DATA RECOVERY
PC-3000 Flash is a hardware and software system dedicated to recovering data from all devices that use NAND solid-state memory chips (USB Flash Drives, SD, MS, xD, MMC, CF, VoiceRecorder, iPhone, etc.) etc) In case the device is damaged, the memory chip cannot be accessed. By removing the memory chip and reading directly through the connector.”
PC3000-Flash Data Recovery Toolkit Includes:
• PC Flash Reader – 1pcs
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• BGA-152 adapter – 1 pcs.
• Circuit Board adapter – 1 pcs.
• Cable – 1 pcs.
• USB 2.0 Defender Cable – 1 pcs.
• PC-3000 Flash software – included in 1 DVD
• User manual – 1 pcs.
- Additional information
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Port to connect Flash-Reader to computer: USB 2.0
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PC-3000 Flash Software | <urn:uuid:6d5bb264-90bc-48ed-bf2b-1a6898b7079f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://tstvn.com/en/pc3000-flash-data-recovery/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.683055 | 577 | 1.617188 | 2 |
click to enlarge
Works of embedded Civil War artists at the Frick
Joseph Becker's "Distributing Thanksgiving Favors to the Soldiers of the Army of the Potomac During the Siege of Petersburg, November 24, 1864."
Image courtesy of the Becker Collection.
Uploaded: Dec 26, 2013 |
Post / Read Comments (1) | <urn:uuid:b557aeed-1323-4c2c-9379-40f6956290ba> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.pghcitypaper.com/pittsburgh/ImageArchives?features=Stories§ion=1332451&oid=1718227 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00439-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.869548 | 73 | 1.554688 | 2 |
This article was originally published on Salon on November 3, 2010.
The Democrats weren’t the only big loser in yesterday’s election. Science got clobbered, too.
Fueled by disdain for government interference with business and tanker loads of cash from the energy industry and its allies, the Republican party has been moving steadily into the denial camp on global climate change, or at least deep skepticism. And it’s practically an article of faith among the tea-party activist crowd. A recent survey from the Pew Research Center for the People & the Press showed a yawning gap between Democrats and Republicans over the issue, with just 38 percent of Republicans believing that the earth is getting warmer — a belief that drops to 23 percent among tea party Republicans.
By every account, the Republican takeover of the House is likely to derail any possibility of serious action on climate change during at least the next two years, longer if President Obama is defeated for reelection in 2012.
And Republicans in the House have vowed to go to war against the Obama administration’s environmental policies, including its (too tepid) approach to climate change. Republicans have proclaimed their intention to use their new investigatory powers — the majority party controls congressional investigations — to go after climate scientists.
The Republican attack on science is nothing new. The Bush administration made an art form of it, not just on climate but by supporting such anti-science initiatives as creationism; at one point during his presidency George W. Bush said he thought intelligent design should be taught in class as the other side of the issue, implying two roughly equal sides to an issue where essentially all the scientific evidence supports evolution and virtually none supports creationism.
The war on science has extended into the classrooms of America. Biologists are constantly warding off creationists’ efforts to put “intelligent design” (the standard code word for creationism) into the curriculum. Climate science will likely face even more hostility, especially given the moneyed interests fighting to curb the truth. The U.S. Chamber of Commerce, which spent so freely to elect the Republican House, has ginned up a “teaching guide” in collaboration with a textbook publisher that should know better to persuade kids that we can’t afford to save the planet.
There’s at least one major industry in this country that absolutely relies on workers who don’t deny reality, and who need to have learned well in math and science. It’s the technology industry, the leaders of which are constantly wailing about the lousy quality of American schools.
Most of the tech leaders were silent on creationism, shamefully so. At least a few, including Google’s Eric Schmidt, have offered their opinions that global climate change is a serious issue that we have to deal with sooner than later. Schmidt made that point rather forcefully last week during a Churchill Club conversation with film director and environmental activist James Cameron.
The tech industry as a whole has been loath to take on causes that don’t have a direct impact on its own immediate bottom line. But what better cause could there be than to defend science, the bedrock of everything that makes this industry work.
No group of leaders, speaking out loudly in defense of science and against propaganda, could have a greater impact on this critically important issue. Time is running out for them, and for all of us. | <urn:uuid:3d7971f9-bd2d-4e81-a877-48268f092485> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://mediactive.com/2010/11/11/science-takes-a-hit-on-election-day/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00433-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964589 | 698 | 1.890625 | 2 |
Steady job growth in May once again benefited American women over men.
Unemployment for adult women, those 20 and older, fell for the third time in four months to 6.5 percent. That’s the lowest since January 2009, when it was the same rate. While unemployment rose for adult white women, at 5.8 percent it was still among the lowest for any group.
Adult men haven’t fared quite as well. The rate for men 20 and older rose for the second straight month, to 7.2 percent. In March, it was 6.9 percent.
And May was even worse for adult black men: their unemployment rate spiked to 13.5 percent, up from 12.6 in April.
Teenagers continued to have a difficult time in the job market last month. Unemployment for that group increased to 24.5 percent.
The latest figures reinforced the old adage that it pays to have a college degree. Unemployment for college graduates ticked down to 3.8 percent.
Here are some details from the government’s report:
|Unemployment rates for:|
|(Numbers in percentages)||May 2013||April 2013||May 2012|
|20-24 years old:||13.2||13.1||13.0|
|25-54 years old:||6.4||6.4||7.1|
|55 and over:||5.3||5.5||6.5|
|Veterans of Iraq/Afghanistan*:||12.7||7.5||7.3|
|No high school diploma:||11.1||11.6||13.0|
|High school graduate:||7.4||7.4||8.2|
|Duration of Unemployment|
|Average length (weeks):||36.9||36.5||39.6|
|Jobless 6 months or more (pct.):||37.3||37.4||42.4|
|* not seasonally adjusted|
|Source: Labor Department| | <urn:uuid:34351074-1969-4ee1-9173-a180364c997b> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://kimt.com/2013/06/07/may-another-solid-month-for-women-in-us-job-market/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720941.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00518-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.854348 | 438 | 2.046875 | 2 |
In the name of protecting us from hackers, computer viruses and cyber-terrorists, the House of Representatives has passed a bill that would make it easier for sites like Facebook and Twitter and Internet service providers like Comcast and Time-Warner to share users’ private messages and files with government agencies.
The House on April 25 passed the Cyber Intelligence Sharing and Protection Act, or CISPA. The act aims to make it easier for the government and online businesses to exchange information about computer and network security risks so they can more effectively respond to hackers, digital espionage and computer viruses. Yet to achieve this end, it allows private companies to share with any government agency all information they deem relevant to a so-called “cyber threat,” defined broadly and vaguely as “a vulnerability” of a computer system or network ‚Äî and protects these companies from liability for handing over user information even if doing so explicitly violates their own stated privacy policies. That means a company like Google could legally give the government a user‚Äôs search history, e-mails, files stored on cloud service, even videos uploaded to the company‚Äôs YouTube site, if that material is shared for cyber security purposes.
The bill does specify that the government must reject any inappropriate personal information it receives from a business. But if this happens, the user whose privacy is violated is never directly notified — only the company is. Moreover, under the terms of the bill, once a user’s private data are in the government’s hands, there is no way for that person to know who is using it or if in fact it is being used properly because the information the government obtains from the private sector would not be subject to transparency laws like the Freedom of Information Act.
Also worth noting is the fact that CISPA sets no limits to how long the government may retain the personal information it is given. So, theoretically, the CIA or FBI could keep a user’s private data forever.
While advocates insist this sort of sweeping government surveillance is needed to keep us safe online, critics correctly point out that CISPA would essentially negate all existing state and federal privacy laws, including laws originally created to prevent invasive wiretaps. The ACLU calls the bill “a privacy disaster.” Tim Berners-Lee, the man credited with inventing the World Wide Web, said the cyber security act “is threatening the rights of people in America, and effectively rights everywhere, because what happens in America tends to affect people all over the world.”
Fortunately, the bill appears to have run into a wall of opposition. President Obama has threatened to veto the legislation unless it is amended to require companies to take reasonable steps to remove irrelevant personal information when sending data to the government. After the House vote, a coalition of 34 civil liberties groups and high-tech companies vowed to redouble its fight against CISPA’s attack on online privacy.
No doubt because of this resistance, the Senate will reportedly shelve CISPA and work on its own alternative cyber security legislation instead. Still, there is a possibility that the bill ultimately drafted by the Senate will incorporate some of CISPA’s objectionable provisions. And whatever the Senate comes up with would have to be reconciled with CISPA in conference committee.
Internet security threats are a growing concern in the computer-mediated world we live in. But CISPA as written would undermine our Fourth Amendment protections against unreasonable government search and seizure. The Senate is right to scrap it and start over. Any new bill offered in its place should define with precision what constitutes a “cyber threat,” should only permit companies to report “threat data” to civilian agencies ‚Äî as proposed in an amendment to CISPA authored by Rep. Jan Schakowsky (D-Ill.) ‚Äî and should require companies to remove identifying personal information from any data they pass along. But just as important, any new bill ought to preserve the individual‚Äôs right to sue for damages when businesses give authorities their personal online information without just cause.
Whatever form the legislation ultimately takes, it should not sacrifice our privacy on the altar of cyber security.
Macek is an associate professor of speech communication at North Central College in Naperville, Ill. and a founding member of Chicago Media Action. | <urn:uuid:eb2739dc-3b6e-47a6-8619-0f0e8160f8c6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://smdp.com/lets-not-sacrifice-our-privacy-on-the-altar-of-cyber-security/122281 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00140-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936164 | 918 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Patrick Buchanan's recent syndicated column titled "New Deal for U.S. Manufacturers" stokes the fires of misunderstanding and panic. Mr. Buchanan, my longtime friend, is right about a lot of things, but he's wrong about trade.
First, he laments, "Europeans, Japanese, Canadians and Chinese sell us so much more than they buy from us, because they have rigged the rules of world trade." But so what? I buy more from my grocer than he buys from me. It wouldn't make a difference if I lived 2 feet south of the U.S.-Canadian border and my grocer lived 2 feet north of it.
Like many, Buchanan worries about our foreign trade deficit, pointing out that it's reaching an annual rate of $816 billion, and that means "dependency on foreigners." Actually, the foreign dependency is a two-way street. I'll explain it, starting with the alleged trade deficit I run with my grocer.
When I purchase $100 worth of groceries, my goods account (groceries) rises by $100, but my capital account (money) falls by $100. That means there's really a balance in my trade account. By the same token, my grocer's goods account (groceries) falls by $100 but his capital account (money) rises by $100, also a balance in his trade account.
Mr. Buchanan writes, "Imports surged to $188 billion for the month [of July], as our dependency on foreigners for the vital necessities of our national life ever deepens." That means we imported $188 billion worth of goods. Do foreigners keep all those dollars they earned under a mattress? They are not that stupid. They use those dollars to import capital goods such as U.S. stocks, bonds and U.S. Treasury notes.
They might use some of it to build factories in the U.S. such as Honda, Novartis and Samsung. The dollar amount of those purchases is going to equalize the value of what we import. We sport a huge surplus in our capital account with foreigners. As such, they are dependent on us for a safe and profitable place to invest their earnings. That dependency contributes to our economic growth.
Then there's Buchanan's worry about U.S. manufacturing job loss. U.S. farming has a similar history. Farm employment peaked between 1840 and 1870. In 1900, 40 percent of American workers were employed in farming; today, it's less than two percent. Technological advances made that possible. U.S. manufacturing employment reached its peak in 1950 and has been in decline ever since.
This has more to do with technological innovation than outsourcing. It's a worldwide phenomenon. Since 2000, China has lost 4.5 million manufacturing jobs compared to the loss of 3.1 million in the U.S. Nine of the top 10 manufacturing countries, who produce 75 percent of the world's manufacturing output (the U.S., Japan, Germany, China, Britain, France, Italy, Korea, Canada, and Mexico), have lost manufacturing jobs, Italy being the exception. Because of technological progress, manufacturing output has risen while manufacturing employment has fallen.
I'm one of those whom Pat calls "robotic free-traders." That might be another label for those of us who support peaceable, voluntary exchange, and I plead guilty. Buchanan, like so many others, points to the government subsidies and tariff protections given to businesses in other countries, a practice from which we can't plead complete innocence. Protectionists call for "free trade but fair trade." They call for a "level playing field."
In effect, they're saying that if other governments rip off their citizens with business subsidies and import duties, forcing them to pay higher prices, our government should retaliate by using the same tools to rip off its citizens.
The next time I see Pat, I might ask him what he would do if we both were at sea in a rowboat and I shot a hole in my end of the boat. Would he retaliate by shooting a hole in his end? | <urn:uuid:3c28e67e-2435-469e-93df-31ff9491c58b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://townhall.com/columnists/walterewilliams/2006/10/18/foreign_trade_angst | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00433-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968682 | 840 | 2.0625 | 2 |
LAWRENCE – Houston A. Baker Jr., a scholar known for his critiques of African-American literature and theory, will present a public lecture at the University of Kansas.
“Why Are Black Public Intellectuals Afraid of the Ocean?: Slave Ships, Diaspora Literacy, and Cultural Erasures in the Age of Obama” will be the topic of discussion for Baker, a distinguished university professor at Vanderbilt University.
The lecture will be from 5 p.m. to 7 p.m. Wednesday, March 27, in the Big 12 Room of the Kansas Union. A book signing will follow. The event is hosted by the Department of English as the 2013 installment of its American Lecture series.
Baker’s literary and cultural criticism focuses on African-American arts and politics. His latest book, “Betrayal: How Black Intellectuals Have Abandoned the Ideals of the Civil Rights Era,” was honored with an American Book Award in 2009. Other titles include “I Don’t Hate the South: Reflections on Faulkner, Family, and the South” (2007) and “Turning South Again: Re-Thinking Modernism/Re-Reading Booker T” (2001).
“Houston Baker is one of the most prolific scholars of our time with his books, trenchant critiques and intellectual engagement in the field of literary studies,” said Byron Caminero-Santangelo, associate professor of English. “He has been at the center of paradigm shifts in the ways we teach and write about music and literature, African-American and ethnic literature, and Southern studies. His reach is broad and his expertise wide-ranging. His latest book is sure to invite lively debate.”
Baker is past president of the Modern Language Association. He has been recognized for his scholarly activities as a Guggenheim Fellow and National Endowment for the Humanities Fellow. In addition to his scholarly books, he has written several groundbreaking articles and essays. He is also a creative writer who has published his poems in a volume called “Passing Over.”
The Department of English is part of KU’s College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, which encourages learning without boundaries in its more than 50 departments, programs and centers. Through innovative research and teaching, the College emphasizes interdisciplinary education, global awareness and experiential learning. It is the broadest and most diverse academic unit at KU. | <urn:uuid:cdb54e65-a4db-44fa-928e-daaf9e12d547> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://news.ku.edu/2013/03/22/renowned-african-american-literary-cultural-scholar-lecture-ku | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00059-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956945 | 512 | 1.507813 | 2 |
The Elephant in the Room: Practical Advice When the Diagnosis is Cancer
Author: Bob Riter
Publisher: iUniverse, Inc. 2011
Information: $14.95 US
The morning I was scheduled to receive my first round of chemo, one of the oncology nurses handed me a hefty folder of information, the words Chemotherapy: What to Expect printed in royal blue ink across the front.
Like a straight-A student reviewing notes before the big test, I was immediately drawn to the section describing possible side effects. Minutes passed. The nurse must have noticed a sudden deer-in-the-headlights expression on my face because she patted my arm and said in a soothing voice, "Of course, every patient's different..."
I continued to scan the list of chemo side effects and felt my anxiety building exponentially with each new bullet on the page. But then the logical part of my brain kicked in for a moment. I suddenly had questions: lots and lots of questions spinning silently in my head.
How could drugs make you so sick that you could experience both constipation and diarrhea? (Aren't those opposites? That makes no sense!)
Patients could run a fever, I read. You might feel chills and experience numbness in your extremities. (Was this an either/or situation? Or did you feel both at the same time?)
Chemotherapy could bring on feelings of fatigue, I read. Or leave a patient in a state of sleepless hyperactivity. (What the hell?) I might get nauseous and be repulsed by my favorite foods. I might have strange cravings and gain weight. (Whaaaaat?)
Maybe it was the panic talking, but I looked up at the nurse and cracked my very first Bad Cancer Joke. (It would not be the last...)
"Didn't they forget to mention some of the side effects of chemotherapy?" I asked sarcastically. "What about locusts, boils and death of the firstborn? And when exactly does my ass fall off?"
Funny, the nurse wasn't laughing. But then again, neither was I. (Isn't it interesting how sometimes humor is the coping strategy of choice, especially in those moments when the harsh reality of a situation is just too much to bear?)
All these years later, and reading Bob Riter's wonderful book triggers that vivid CancerLand moment before I headed down the hall for the first time to my designated turquoise barcalounger in the Chemo Suite. Why? Maybe because it reminds me how important it is that patients in a health crisis receive information that is clear and helpful, sensitively written and practical in nature.
Using those criteria, my chemotherapy packet circa 1999 failed miserably. But Bob Riter's book, The Elephant in the Room, earns the highest possible marks; yes, I would give it an A+. Honestly, I wish I had his book when I was being treated. How fantastic to have this much valuable information on the cancer patient experience all together in one place!
Diagnosed with breast cancer in 1996, Bob Riter's personal knowledge of the cancer patient experience informs his writing in the best possible way. In fact, The Elephant in the Room is a collection of cancer columns that Riter originally published in the Ithaca Journal (NY). (I became a fan when some of Riter's columns started being reprinted on the Oncolink website during the past year).
The book is well organized, divided into sections (just diagnosed, during treatment, after treatment) that match the linear flow of the cancer patient experience and allow for easy access to the reader's topic of interest. Additionally, each chapter is brief — no more than a page and a half each — that also matches reader needs since many cancer patients report that their attention span changes during treatment. In my mind, Bob Riter earns "extra credit" for being so sensitive to the chemobrain of his readers.
My copy of The Elephant in the Room is now dog-eared from front to back, the turned down page corners marking places where there was a CancerLand idea that was new to me. Or passages that made me smile ear-to-ear. For example, what do patients do with all of the get well cards and notes they receive from well-wishers? In the chapter titled Thoughts and Prayer Tree, the author describes a tree in Gary and Mary Ellen Stewart's living room in Ithaca, New York:
It's covered with cards, letters and drawings. At first a visitor isn't quite sure what it is. It looks somewhat like a Christmas tree, but it's the wrong time of year. A closer look reveals that everything attached to the tree is offering some form of encouragement. "We're thinking of you." "I'm with you." "I love you." Gary had the idea of creating this thoughts and prayer tree to support Mary Ellen who's nearing the end of chemotherapy. Anyone who has been through chemo-or any cancer treatment-can tell you it's a grueling experience that depletes one's spirits and energy...As I was leaving their home, Mary Ellen gazed up at the tree and said, "I never get tired of looking at it."
Such a great idea! And one I won't soon forget. I could say the same thing about The Look People Give You, a Bob Riter column that describes a gripe shared by countless cancer patients on the planet. Here's a brief excerpt:
I was walking through the chemo suite yesterday and a person called me over and said, "I wish you would write a column to tell people not to give me that look."
"What look?" I asked.
"The pity puss." (At first I thought she said "platypus" which I faintly recalled as being a weird looking animal. I wondered why on earth people were making platypus faces at her)...
"Pity puss. Once I got diagnosed with cancer, people started looking at me as though I was a completely different person."
I knew the look she was referring to. When I was diagnosed, people would look at me with solemn expressions and tilted heads as if they were looking deep into my soul. That look was always unsettling, especially when I was trying to eat lunch.
Reading this column, I laughed out loud in an empty house. Note to Bob: I have always called it the "Howwww Arrrrrrrrre Youuuuuuu" look, but whatever you call it, there should be a law making it illegal for healthy people to punish cancer survivors with it, don't you think?
The Elephant in the Room addresses a wide range of social and emotional issues related to being a cancer patient in ways that will validate patients' feelings and educate the friends and caregivers who support them at the same time. All proceeds from the sale of the book go to the Cancer Resource Center of the Finger Lakes where Bob Riter is the Executive Director. | <urn:uuid:00cbc43e-3145-4ef2-9653-e4ea2f701631> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.oncolink.org/oncolink-library/reviews/coping-with-cancer/empowerment/the-elephant-in-the-room-practical-advice-when-the-diagnosis-is-cancer | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00547-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971061 | 1,443 | 1.546875 | 2 |
Tateyama Snow Wall is one of the most famous Japanese tourist spots in the world. It is a part of Tateyama Kurobe Alpine Route located in Tateyama, Toyama Prefecture. At the Murodo Highland, there is a huge snow wall walk appears from the end of Spring to the beginning of Summer. The height of the wall sometimes reaches to 20m tall. This snow wall is about 500m long. It has a breathtaking view of snow.
Tateyama is the heavy snowfall region in the world. This highland is 2450m high from the sea level. So, even in summer, the weather is very cold and snow stays long time.
Note: You must have nice walking shoes and warm outfit for cold weather. | <urn:uuid:1c8a2871-d74f-4998-be32-be6a61d9bc2d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.mustlovejapan.com/zhtw/subject/tateyama_snow_wall/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00166-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955767 | 158 | 2.078125 | 2 |
How to Buy a Stand-Up Paddleboard
Here’s what to know when shopping for a SUP
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A paddleboard’s shape determines how it will perform and the conditions it will excel in. Designs have been tailored for everything from fishing to navigating whitewater, so before you buy a board, consider what you want to do on it. For speed and efficiency when paddling, the pointed nose and flat underside of displacement hulls are best. For maneuverability and stability, the low-profile curves and wide, upturned nose of planing hulls are a good choice. Retailers as well as board manufacturers often specialize in a single type of paddling. Look for a shop or brand that knows about your chosen discipline.
There’s no single correct way to build a board, but there are usually trade-offs. Focus your search on the features you want, then consider the benefits and drawbacks of the board as a whole. Materials like carbon fiber will decrease weight but increase cost, while wood veneer will make a board stronger but also heavier. Inflatable SUPs come in a variety of shapes and lengths, are durable, and are excellent for the storage challenged. Rigid models are responsive when gliding or surfing and, with a few exceptions, tend to paddle more efficiently than their air-filled counterparts. But many rigid models are more expensive, and they’re impossible to cram into the back of a sedan.
More than anything else, a board’s length affects its maneuverability, whether it’s an 18-foot race board or an eight-foot whitewater SUP. For smaller paddlers, an unnecessarily long board can be difficult to turn. And a board that’s too short won’t track straight. Many models come in a variety of sizes. Surf and whitewater SUPs usually fall into the eight-to-ten-foot range, allowing for quick maneuvering. Touring and all-around models often measure ten to twelve feet, which offers solid buoyancy and the ability to carry some gear. Race boards and long-distance tourers are between 12 and 14 feet, which keeps them narrow, for better glide on the water, without sacrificing buoyancy.
Width determines a board’s overall stability. In general, wider boards are stabler. That’s why beginner models often run between 30 and 36 inches across. (Professional race boards can be as narrow as 23 inches.) Depending on the hull shape, width can also impact glide and efficiency. Typically, wider boards have more drag. Think about the conditions you’ll be paddling in. If you plan to be on the ocean, a wider board is better at handling swell and chop. For glassy lake paddling, a fast and narrow board excels.
Measured in liters, volume indicates a board’s buoyancy and how much weight it can carry. A touring board can have a volume of up to 300 liters, allowing a paddler to load enough gear onto it for multi-day trips. Surf SUPs have the least volume (often less than 100 liters), making them smaller and more maneuverable. There’s no secret formula for how many liters a board should be. Factors to consider are your own body weight and the kind of paddling you’ll be doing. More volume means a heavier board, and that might be a burden to transport and difficult to move on the water.
Generally, more expensive boards are lighter, but they also tend to be less durable. That’s not always the case, of course. Look for boards that are built with quality materials, whatever they happen to weigh. Race boards are often made with carbon fiber—the lightest material available—and can weigh as little as 20 pounds. Heavier wood veneer and fiberglass, plastic, and inflatable PVC are more durable but may tip the scales at 30 pounds or more.
Most boards come equipped with one or more fins. Fin shape and layout will play into a board’s tracking and maneuverability: three- and four-fin combinations, which help a board track even when it isn’t lying flat on the surface, tend to be better for surfing, while longer and wider single fins are more efficient for touring and racing. Something to watch out for: the fin slots used on certain boards are the manufacturer’s own propriety design, which could lock you into buying their fins if you lose one.
SUPs are almost always topped with a deck pad, usually a flat piece of closed-cell foam or cork. The deck pad is important because it’s your interface with the board. A good one should match the board’s intended activity. Surf SUPs have an elevated tail block to brace your foot against when making quick turns. Touring boards have pads that cover much of the deck, easing movement fore and aft. If possible, try out a few varieties to see how different patterns and foam densities affect your comfort.
Paddleboards can range from $500 for a basic inflatable to $19,000 for a one-of-a-kind, hand-built work of art. The vast majority of both inflatable and rigid boards cost between $800 and $2,000. | <urn:uuid:0508a9a3-d360-4c8b-a182-d60c0ccd9eaa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.outsideonline.com/outdoor-gear/water-sports-gear/how-buy-stand-paddleboard/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00474.warc.gz | en | 0.946599 | 1,152 | 1.570313 | 2 |
As you’re setting the cranberry sauce on your Thanksgiving table, consider the category of cranberry-based products. One company comes to mind as the undisputed category leader: Ocean Spray.
Ocean Spray was a deliberate act of category design. In 1930, three cranberry growers found the key to expanding the fruit's success was to build out their category ecosystem. They went on a mission to unite as many cranberry growers as they could into a single cranberry-growing family. After forming a cooperative, Marcus Urann, John Makepeace and Elizabeth Lee then went on to create innovative products ranging from cranberry sauce to cranberry juice and dried cranberries. The co-op now includes over 700 growers from North and South America. Ninety years after creating the category, Ocean Spray accounts for about 80 percent of global raw cranberry purchases.
In the book Play Bigger, co-authored by CDA Partner Kevin Maney, the concept of a category ecosystem is introduced. Winning categories have ecosystems that support the growth of the category. In the 1920s, when Clarence Birdseye invented the category of frozen food, he had to build out an ecosystem to make it work, including train cars with freezers and freezers for grocery stores. Good category designers marshal all the forces they need to make a category come alive.
When we work with clients, we often find that if we’re stuck understanding what the category looks like, we introduce several tools. The category blueprint, even if just sketched on a whiteboard, often helps. We also look at a persona study so that we know who the category is directed at, and a category ecosystem so we know who else will play in that space. These tools can help break through barriers and inform the team about the category dynamics.
As we celebrate Thanksgiving, we should also celebrate these incredible category designers. 400 million pounds of cranberries are consumed by Americans each year. Twenty percent of that is during the week of Thanksgiving. That’s 80 million pounds!
Happy Thanksgiving from the partners of Category Design Advisors. We’re thankful for all of you who are spreading the category design discipline. | <urn:uuid:3c2af4f3-740a-42b9-988e-baead7fda41d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.categorydesignadvisors.com/blog/thanksgiving-category-design-award-ocean-spray | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00479.warc.gz | en | 0.953312 | 442 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Summer was not always the lazy, vacation-filled season that we now see it as. When we think of summer today, we think of long hot days of laying by the pool with the kids while they splash away their summer break. The family road trips to expensive amusement parks or vacations to the beach are standard. Sending the kids off to summer camp for the week gets them out of mom’s hair for a while. Those are all modern ideas. Have you ever stopped to think that our iconic ideas of summer only exist because of the school calendar? It wasn’t always that way.
As a homeschooler, I march to the beat of my own drum. One of the major perks is that I get to decide my own schedule. Like most other things in my life, I don’t stick with the norm. I choose to do school year round with significant breaks in the spring and fall. It’s a little weird, especially when most other homeschool families I know generally stick with the public school calendar. So, it got me thinking. Am I really that weird or just behind the times?
Today, kids are out of school by the end of May and back at it by the middle of August. Around here, that means that they are in school during planting time as well as the majority of harvest time! I’m knee deep in canning tomatoes well into September. The school year certainly doesn’t coincide with my homestead life. I always thought that the summer break got started because of the agrarian lifestyles of our country’s founders, but that’s just not the case.
Here’s what happened. A little homeschool lesson for the kiddos! (Hint…it has a lot more to do with the whims of politicians than it does with planting and harvesting.)
Public education got its start in the early 1800’s. At that time, there was not a standard calendar. School days were set differently in various parts of the country and even changed from town to town. As you would expect, the urban school year differed greatly from the rural one. In the cities, kids attended school year round with days off here and there. In some cities, school was in session as many as 240 days a year! That schedule basically included the weekends and a few holidays.
Kids in the country had a completely different experience. Their parents wanted them home for planting during the spring, as well as harvesting during the fall. The majority of their school days fell in the cold winter months and the hot summer months when their time was not in such high demand on the farm.
As more and more people moved into the cities, summer temperatures got hotter there. The stone, brick, and later concrete felt like an oven and heated up the cities more and more. Frequently, rich families began to pull their kids out of school during the hottest months in order to feel relief from the cooler country or seaside breezes. More and more students were missing and some classrooms sat vacant.
Legislators stepped in to solve the problem. They rationalized that it was actually more healthy for kids to take the summers off. They needed leisure time to relax their brains! By 1900, urban kids were free for as much as 60 days in the summer. Not wanting to be behind the times, school districts in the country adopted the new summer schedule.
The rest is history, so they say. Today we have a booming billion-dollar vacation industry that capitalizes on the summer schedule set by politicians more 100 years ago. But I would submit that our kids are not better for it. We’re teaching them that they deserve an entire season free of work. That’s not the reality of life. Not to mention that by the time school starts again, a significant amount of time has to be devoted to review because students have forgotten most of what they learned at the end of the previous year.
It turns out that I’m in pretty good company with rural homestead families of the past. Summer break is actually a modern phenomenon. Schooling year round really works for my family. A little bit every day, combined with homestead activities and chores keeps learning fresh for us and teaches my kids that learning never stops. I’ve come to realize that living an off grid agrarian lifestyle has naturally caused my family to live in many ways just as farmers and homesteaders did centuries ago. | <urn:uuid:d755903e-e65d-4486-81e1-e61714530fed> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://anamericanhomestead.com/lazy-days-of-summer-think-again/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281162.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00533-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.980346 | 916 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Freedom—the power or right to act, speak, or think as one wants without hindrance or restraint. As a gay black man, the idea of freedom is somewhat like a far-off dream, seemingly unattainable. Maybe it’s the proliferation of black bodies being detained and subjugated or the monolithic view of black gay men in media; either way, the concept of freedom from my point of view can oftentimes be difficult to grasp.
When I wrote the screenplay for my first film “Orange Bright”, I had this in mind. “Orange Bright” is the short-film adaption of my 2011 novella “my ID.” Both pieces of work show a coming of age story of Triven, a young black boy struck with the obsession of flight. That is, his one and only desire is to spread his wings and sour through the air—be free and exist in a world where his actions, thoughts, and language are not constricted by societal and cultural limitations.
Since it’s completion, “Orange Bright” has won four film festival awards, I’ve won a screenwriting award and I’ve even gone on a screening tour across the country this year dubbed “What’s Your Obsession” and co-sponsored by Race Forward. Yet, I must admit, the highlight of this journey has been the discussion the film has continued: LGBTQ people of color are not monolithic. I, as a gay black man am not monolithic. None of us are; that is what freedom is to me, having the space to be who I am beyond what society and culture prescribes.
During the Q&As at my screenings, I continued to equate this idea of freedom in reality to flight for Triven. In my film, Triven is a character that flies (literally) as a means to be free. Flying, in his mind, is freedom; it is his obsession. Of course, he is fictional—he can do that. But if we are speaking metaphorically, people can do the same thing.
In that case, it is all about the language. If freedom is indeed the power or right for an individual to act, speak, think or live without hindrance and flying could be equated to freedom, there are people who have epitomized this idea. When I think about it, I think about LGBTQ people of color who—despite systemic and cultural racism and prejudice designed to erase their experiences, lives and aspirations—continued to live freely and unapologetically.
The statistics are wrenching. Black, Latino, Native American and Asian LGBT people face a higher risk of poverty because of discrimination, unemployment, lack of legal protection and health care. And yet, despite these factors, there are still people who have in the past, and present, pushed the narrative that LGBTQ people of color do matter, that we are not monolithic in fiction or reality, and that #TransIsBeautiful.
Here are 8 examples of LGBTQ people of color who are and have been flying in their own ways and helping others do the same.
She’s the first transgendered person to grace the cover of Time Magazine, the first trans woman of color to produce and star in her own television show, VH1’s TRANSForm Me, and the first to be nominated for an Emmy Award since composer Angela Morley in 1990. Laverne Cox pushed the visibility and awareness of trans people of color into mainstream streets when she starred in Orange Is The New Black as Sophia Burset.
She’s flying—whenever she’s speaking, in that cogent and ardent way only Ms. Cox can do; whenever she’s playing Sophia Burset as a multidimensional character and not a caricature of what a transwoman is often depicted. You can see it by the way she walks, level of confidence and grace and her commitment to the cause.
And now, with her social media movement #TransIsBeautiful, she’s helping so many trans people of color and allies better understand and appreciate the experiences of trans men and women. When she accepted the Maybelline New York “Make It Happen Award,” at the Fashion Media Awards this year, she explained “All the things that make me uniquely and beautifully trans—my big hands, my big feet, my wide shoulders, my deep voice—all of these things are beautiful. I’m not beautiful despite these things, I’m beautiful because of them.”
What was special about The Color Purple is that it allowed a black woman in the 1930s to be the main character, a complex human being that eventually achieves liberation and freedom. Alice Walker, who coined the term “womanism” to mean “Black feminism” shed light on sexism, racism and misogyny specifically within the black community. The idea that Ms. Celie, through literacy, could achieve her version of flight resonated with countless people in this country and world.
The Color Purple wasn’t Walker’s first book; it was her 10th book and she’s written countless others since. A National Book Award recipient and winner of the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, she’s consistently focused on the life and experiences of people of color—many times, without proper recognition and congratulation.
Walker has also been a longtime political activist—from the civil rights movement to standing up against the Gaza War. And when it came to her sexuality, she says “I’m not a lesbian. I’m not bisexual and I’m not straight. I’m curious. If you’re really alive, how can you be in one place your whole time? I, for me, that doesn’t work.”
A self-described Chicagoan, immigrant, queer, undocumented Mexican, organizer, media maker, and writer, Tania Unzueta has shown all undocumented people of color—particularly those who are queer—that there is hope. Unzueta was born in Mexico City and currently resides in Chicago with her partner. Her sheer tenacity to organize against deportation was apparent when she coordinated and participated in the first two civil disobediences by undocumented activists in Arizona and Washington, DC in 2010.
Since then, she’s been a nationally recognized leader in the undocumented and immigration rights movement and continues to organize on behalf of those who have either been silenced or negatively impacted by mass incarceration or deportation. Her work at NotOneMoreDeportation.com continues to push the mission that “not one more family [shall be] destroyed, not one more person left behind, not one more indifferent reaction to suffering, not one more deportation.” #Not1More
Jannicet Gutierrez interrupted President Obama at a White House LGBT pride event because the immigrant LGBTQ community needs to be heard, she says. While President Obama spoke “of ‘trans women of color being targeted,’ his administration holds LGBTQ and trans immigrants in detention,” she wrote for Washington Blade in response to being removed from the event. “I spoke out because our issues and struggles can no longer be ignored. Immigrant trans women are 12 times more likely to face discrimination because of our gender identity.”
The awareness is important and allows America to see the truth in the way not only immigrants are affected by deportation practices, but to understand the way transgender immigrants are affected as well—particularly through sexual abuse in ICE custody. A founding member of FAMILIA TQLM, Gutierrez is inserting LGBTQ immigrants into the immigration debate. And even though she was called a “heckler” and nearly silenced at the event, she still managed to grab our attention towards undocumented trans women and their stories. familiatqlm.org
Best remembered as the organizer of the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, Bayard Rustin was an American leader, political activist and a gay rights supporter. Although he publicly identified as homosexual, it wasn’t until the 1980s that he became engaged in gay rights activism—well after his work as a leader in the civil rights movement. He was an organizing genius, but his ties to the communist party and sexual orientation often caused a rift between him and other civil rights leaders. He tried to keep the movement as priority—never hid his love for men but didn’t broadcast it either. In 1953, he was arrested on “lewd conduct” and “vagrancy” charges, allegedly for homosexual activity.
His 1986 speech “The New Niggers Are Gays”, although extremely controversial, argued that “blacks are no longer the litmus paper or the barometer of social change” and that “the question of social change should be framed with the most vulnerable group in mind: gay people.” In 2013, President Obama posthumously awarded Ruston the Presidential Media of Freedom.
Although his sexuality has often been either ignored or downplayed, Hughes has become a black gay icon thanks in part to media representations like 1989’s Looking for Langston and Spike Lee’s 1996 film about the March on Washington, Get on the Bus which includes a scene where a gay man punches a homophobic character, saying: “This is for James Baldwin and Langston Hughes.”
Touted as the leader of the Harlem Renaissance, Hughes became known for his innovative poetry and prose and his insightful and colorful depictions of black life in America from the 20s to the 60s. Laughing to Keep From Crying (1934), Harlem (What Happens To A Dream Deferred), Simple Speaks His Mind (1950) and countless other works were indicative of the times. Hughes humanized blacks in America, full of love, struggle, laughter music and pride.
Although much of his personal life was left private, Alvin Ailey was understood to be a gay man. A choreographer and activist, Ailey is credited with popularizing modern dance and pushing African American participation in 20th century concert dance. His signature works like Revelations, Cry and The River (which was commissioned by the American Ballet Theater) were directly influenced by the blues, spirituals and gospel. Ailey created up to 79 works for his dancers and focused particularly on providing opportunity to people of color who had been overlooked because of their race. In addition, he made the Alvin Ailey Dance Theater a multiracial company—contrary to top companies like American Ballet Theater and the New York City Ballet during the 1960s and 70s.
With Misty Copeland performing as the first African American woman principal dancer at ABT, it’s important to remember the work of Ailey and the organization he has built to help dancers of color succeed and enter a traditionally white industry. His company now includes Ailey II, The Ailey School, The Ailey Extension where anyone can take classes, community programming, and college-level education.
Very few stars have been in the gay activism space as long as George Takei. An actor, directer, author, and activist, Takei is most-widely known for his role as Hikaru Sulu from Star Trek. Although, nowadays, folks know of Takei because of his omnipresent social media presence. Today, he has more than 10 million likes on Facebook–thanks to his original humorous commentary, particularly when it comes to topics that impact social justice for the LGBTQ community.
From denouncing Arizona’s antigay bill to humorously taking on a Tennessee bill that would prohibit the word “gay” in class. Instead, Takei suggested using his own name as a replacement for “gay.” As in “I’m Takei and proud” or “I support Takei rights.” It’s a stretch but you have to give him props for effort.
Takei has owned his personal story all along. From his sexuality to his childhood growing up in two internment camps, he’s been flying gracefully and hilariously ever since. | <urn:uuid:b493516b-e5bc-4ab1-acab-86a096287858> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.colorlines.com/articles/8-reasons-why-i-believe-lgbtq-people-color-can-fly | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.967504 | 2,565 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Personal Effects by visual artist Alan Counihan was based on the institutional archives and the belongings of dead or discharged patients from Grangegorman (St. Brendan’s) Psychiatric Hospital, Dublin. This research process took form as a site-specific installation in the old hospital with further Dublin installations in Culture Box, Temple Bar and in Axis, Ballymun.
The retired Director of Nursing at St. Brendan’s Psychiatric Hospital and the retired Chaplain, Fr. Piaras O’Dúill, alongside Brian Donnelly of the National Archives were invaluable collaborators in the project’s research phase. Ronan Doyle, Communications Officer with the Grangegorman Development Authority, was active in securing a site-specific location for the first installation of the work. Mark O’Brien and Niamh Ní Chonchubhair of Axis, Ballymun, provided the recording studio and sound engineer at no cost while actors Pat McGrath, Nicola Moore, Aideen McBride, Hannah Walsh and Réaltín Byrne gave freely of their time for the soundtrack recordings. The team at Axis, Ballymun also provided the theatre and financial support for the final installation of 2014. Alé Mercado designed the project website on a pro bono basis.
This installation is a work of activism rooted in Irish social history and of institutional care for the inconvenient, the vulnerable, and those deemed mentally ill, especially during the course of the twentieth century.
In recent years, most of the old asylums and mental hospitals have closed or are in the process of closure. Care for those who seek it, or are deemed to need it, will now be provided on a model of community-based care. However, meaningful transformation of psychiatric services must be accompanied by a transformation of social and political attitudes to mental illness and difference. This work seeks to assist such transformation.
From 2012 to 2014, with permission from the Health Service Executive and guidance from the National Archives, a research process was conducted based on hospital records, correspondence and personal belongings which were retrieved in 2010 by concerned volunteers from the old hospital’s attics. A broader research process based on historical documentation and interviews was also carried out over this time on the history of institutional care for those diagnosed with mental illness in Ireland.
The personal belongings of dead or discharged patients which were never reclaimed from Grangegorman dated back over a century. On admission, a patient’s belongings were taken away and only returned if the person was deemed to have returned to a condition of normality from which they were perceived to have strayed. Some contained an entire life history with birth certificates, travel visas, letters, photographs of family and loved ones, cutlery, cards, mirrors, combs, false teeth, prayer books and diaries.
Given that my practice over the last 25 years has mostly comprised the creation of small studio-based works born of personal urgencies or large-scale public works fashioned from stone and metal in response to the histories of wild landscapes, public spaces or the needs of communities (www.alancounihan.net), a new means of expression had to be developed in order to reveal the human histories that lay within the archival records of the institution, the personal correspondence and the belongings of dead patients.
Combining the media of both sculpture and theatre, the installation eventually devised was presented in darkness. From the ceiling of a blacked-out room a large number of up-ended handbags and suitcases were hung, the contents of each gut-strung below, so as to seem as if falling to the floor. The only light source within the space came from low voltage LEDs set within each up-ended bag, illuminating the suspended contents below. A looped soundtrack allowed the recorded voices of actors to inhabit the darkness as they read from correspondence found within the handbags and suitcases, from case notes and hospital management records.
In another darkened room, a series of images was projected from behind sets of hospital ward screens. The images were of photographs and memorabilia found within the handbags. The facial features of all those portrayed were removed not only to protect identities but to express the process of their erasure within the institutional system.
On an adjacent wall within the darkened space were hung some of the hundreds of rosary beads found among the belongings. On another wall, a series of images taken within the old hospital were displayed in subdued light.
In 2014, outputs from the research process begun in 2012 took form as a site-specific installation within the old hospital complex at Grangegorman, Dublin as part of Phizzfest. Two further installations were realised at Culture Box, Temple Bar, Dublin, and at Axis Arts and Community Centre in Ballymun, Dublin. A radio documentary based on the research process is presently in production for RTE Radio’s Documentary on One series to be broadcast in early summer 2015. A documentary publication based on the project’s research process and the associated installations is currently in development for Lilliput Press.
The images from Personal Effects that accompany this case study are described below:
Image No. 1
Personal Effects: a history of possession
Installation detail. The Long Stores, Grangegorman Hospital, Dublin. 2014.
Personal Effects had its first site-specific exhibition in the Long Stores behind the Clocktower of the main building of old Grangegorman Psychiatric Hospital in May 2014. In the context of bringing back to life some of the personal histories discovered within the old asylum this was a most appropriate location, close to the annex from which the belongings were retrieved in 2010.
The Long Stores was once the central depot for all clothing and foodstuffs for the hospital. In disuse for many years, it still bears evidence of its purpose: labels marking shelves that held underclothing, dressing gowns and all the paraphernalia of daily institutional life on the walls. This evidence, along with the sense of neglect in the damp spaces of the building, served to heighten the site-specific context of the work.
Image No. 2
Personal Effects 1.
Lamda C Print on Dibond. 90cm x 60cm. 2013.
An image of one of the handbags belonging to a deceased patient in Grangegorman which formed part of the Personal Effects installation. The installation was created in response not only to the possessions discovered within the hospital complex but also to their possessors who were in turn possessed by the institution for the duration of their care. It is a goal of the overall process to allow an imagination of life – both within and without the institutions – as “others” might have experienced it.
Image No. 3
The Bound Man.
Lamda C Print on Dibond. 90cm x 60cm. 2013.
This digitally altered image was taken within an abandoned ward of the old hospital during the research and development phase of the project.
Image No. 4
The Lost Children.
Digitally manipulated image included as a projection onto hospital ward screens as part of the Personal Effects installations. The original image was found within an abandoned handbag in the attics of the institution.
Within the darkened rooms where the installations took place a looped series of images was projected onto the ward screens. Most of the images were of old family photographs, press cuttings, hospital documents and prayer cards.
Personal Effects: a history of possession, installation detail.
The Long Stores, Grangegorman Hospital, Dublin. 2014.
From the ceiling of a darkened room a large number of upended handbags and suitcases are hanging, the contents of each container suspended as though falling to the floor. The recorded voices of actors read from correspondence found within the containers, from case notes and from hospital management records.
Image No. 6
Personal Effects: a history of possession, installation detail.
The Theatre, Axis Ballymun, Dublin. 2014.
The installation at Axis Ballymun was perhaps the most effective of all allowing as it did for more controlled use of lighting and sound. In the background can be seen a curtain wall of suspended rosary beads of which at least one pair was found in every single handbag. The hospital ward screens with their projected images are to the right and the cage that holds the suspended handbags to the left.
The most effective evaluation of the project has been the remarkable contributions to the Visitors’ Book at the various installations. These were very moving and reflect the cathartic effect of the work in eliciting the personal or familial histories of the audience.
A subjective evaluation of this process acknowledges the success of the work and of the broad audience reached through national press and radio. It also acknowledges a most rewarding process in artistic terms. Engagement with the troubled privacies of other lives was certainly difficult but the greatest challenge of all lay in sourcing financial support for the project which proved a constant and exhausting frustration. Three grant proposals were unsuccessful and it was only some days before the launch of the first installation in Grangegorman that material costs were secured from the Health Service Executive.
The Personal Effects project is ongoing and other historic asylum and hospital contexts are now being explored. However, despite the enthusiastic assistance of those providing services and a national audience eager to engage with this work, there can be no further progress until financial support for the process is secured. Is the work valued? Time will tell.
More objective evaluations can be gleaned from the project’s reviews and opinion pieces available on the project’s website.
Comments from the Visitors’ Book at the 2014 exhibitions:
‘How did we get it so wrong! Thank God we have a greater understanding of mental health issues to-day or have we? Deeply emotional experience. Very moving, poignant, painful but a part of our past that I needed to be reminded of.’
‘This was so moving and authentic – it should travel – more people need to see/experience this.‘
‘These poor unfortunate people were treated less than human and were forgotten by all. God help all who suffer and have no voice.‘
Documentation and Dissemination
The outcomes of the project are currently being documented through a dedicated website and a project Facebook page. The project will be further documented through a radio documentary for national broadcast and a publication.
Personal Effects: A short film, narrated by the artist, on the project and process in development.
PERSONAL EFFECTS: a history of possession: This short video was projected onto hospital ward screens within a darkened space as part of the installations. It is here accompanied by a sample of the installation soundtrack. The images were drawn from the belongings of dead patients.
The project was extensively reviewed in the national press including the Irish Independent, Sunday Business Post, the Irish Daily Mail (by Dermot Bolger) and Journal.ie. The artist, with writer Dermot Bolger, discussed the project on RTE’s Today with Sean O’Rourke programme which can be accessed here (Grangegorman segment).
Research phase: 2012-2014
Grangegorman: Phizzfest, May 4-14 2014
Culture Box, Temple Bar: June 5-15 2014
Axis, Ballymun: August 5-15 2014
The Health Service Executive provided financial support for fabrication, transport, print and material costs of the site-specific installation at Grangegorman.
A Fund:it campaign supported the transport and material costs for the Culture Box installation.
Material and transport costs for the installation at Axis, Ballymun was provided by Axis, Ballymun.
A Tyrone Guthrie Bursary Award from Kilkenny County Council assisted the development of the installations.
All research and associated travel costs were met by the artist.
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Lucas Etter, 14, solved a Rubik’s Cube in under five seconds — 4.90 to be exact — Saturday at the River Hill Fall 2015 competition in Clarksville, Maryland.
The World Cube Association told TIME it is still in the process of verifying the record, but confirmed that the “speedcuber” Etter achieved a faster time than the current world record holder Collin Burns, who solved one in 5.25 seconds.
According to Five Thirty Eight, “In these competitions, the colorful cubes are randomly scrambled according to a computer program, and a solver has 15 seconds to inspect a cube before racing to spin it back to its organized state.”
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- Dropbox Tossed Out the Workplace Rulebook. Here’s How That’s Working | <urn:uuid:340e98e8-41e5-4611-bd82-51657846a3f0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://time.com/4124695/rubiks-cube-world-record/?xid=homepage | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571502.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811194507-20220811224507-00076.warc.gz | en | 0.868043 | 263 | 1.625 | 2 |
When you read a Shakespeare play you’ll probably notice that it’s divided into acts and scenes – and always has a five act structure. The number of scenes in each act vary but there are always be five acts, no exceptions.
Why is that? Is there something about Shakespeare’s plays that made it necessary for him to divide them up in that way, into acts and scenes? The answer is no, not at all – there is nothing about them that calls for any division al all. And yet all Elizabethan and Jacobean plays, and in fact, most plays all the way up to and including the 20th century are structured in five acts.
The truth, certainly as far as Elizabethan and Jacobean plays are concerned, is that the playwrights did not write them in five acts – that division was done later by the various editors who worked on their plays. One can see the logic of the division, however.
As long ago as 350 BC Aristotle famously wrote that a play must have a beginning, a middle, and an end, which is the beginning of structure. In his work on dramatic theory – ‘Poetics’ – Aristotle examined scores of plays and set out his explanation of makes a play work for an audience. According to Aristotle a drama is action – it is all about the events of an individual’s life. It’s not about a character: it’s about the events that derive from character and the events that result from character. It’s not an imitation of character, then, but of life, which, according to Aristotle, consists of action.
According to Aristotle the beginning of a play consists of the presentation of a character, someone the audience can identify with. That is a beginning – an opening, a first act. The character makes a decision and performs an action, which moves the play on. That action has consequences, and so it goes on, until that initial action results in a climax, followed by a reversal and then a resolution. All that will make the audience hold its breath and then release it at the end in a kind of catharsis.
From that one can see a structure, which we still have in drama today – regardless of the number of acts used in print. Aristotle certainly did not divide the action into five sections. It was the Roman critic, Horace, three hundred years after Aristotle, who advocated that, and by the beginning of the first century in Rome it had become conventional. All Seneca’s plays were structured in five separate acts with musical interludes between them.
Shakespeare’s texts do not only have five acts and several scenes but each scene indicates the location of the action in that scene. Shakespeare did not do that, nor did he divide the plays into acts and scenes. All that was done for the first time by the playwright Nicholas Rowe (1674-1718), in his six volume edition of Shakespeare’s plays he edited in 1709.
The German critic, Guystav Freytach (1816-1895), attempted to rationalise the five act structure. In his model the first act is the exposition, introducing the characters and the setting and ending with the play’s significant piece of action. The second act takes that action and complicates it: that’s the complication. In the third act there is a climax, where the fortunes of the character or characters are reversed – either good to bad or bad to worse: that’s the climax. In the fourth act the results of the reversal are played out, putting the final outcome in doubt. This is the resolution. The fifth act winds it all up by presenting the consequences of the resolution and tying up loose ends. That is the denuement.
Shakespeare’s plays do not exactly fit any pattern described by such analysis. They conform generally to the Aristotelian model but depart from that in the most wonderfully creative ways while still working for the audience. They also sometimes resemble Freytach’s scheme but do not fit neatly into it.
As a rule the division of Shakespeare’s plays into a five act structure is a meaningless nonsense. The plays are fluid and continuous and any divisions Shakespeare makes depend entirely on his own dramatic purpose. Editors divide Antony and Cleopatra into acts and scenes, for example, but the text does not lend itself to that. It moves very quickly to locations around the ancient world, mainly to-ing and fro-ing between Rome and Alexandria in short pieces of action. If Shakespeare came back he would laugh if he were to open a copy of one of his plays and see the division into acts, particularly if Antony and Cleopatra was that play. | <urn:uuid:b8d49558-40da-480c-9b9f-7a93c425bbda> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nosweatshakespeare.com/plays/five-act-structure/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.976204 | 980 | 3.765625 | 4 |
Randolph Hampton of University of California, San Diego, introduced the audience to his lab’s work on quality control pathways, which serve to regulate cellular protein levels by proteasome degradation. As an example, Hampton described regulated degradation of HMG-CoA reductase (HMGR), an enzyme in the cholesterol pathway. His lab discovered a natural case of the cell’s use of quality control to set its levels. In this case, in vivo levels of the pathway molecule farnesylpyrophosphate (FPP) determine degradation rates of HMGR. This process itself is modulated by chemical chaperones that stabilize HMGR and decrease access of the requisite E3 ligase, as well as by an FPP derivative that alters the folding state of HMGR to increase access by E3, Hampton said. This work shows that small molecules can affect a protein’s entry into a quality control pathway (see also Shearer et al., 2004).
The underlying mechanism might lead to a therapeutic strategy if drugs could be found that accelerate the recognition of misfolded disease protein by the cells’ quality control, Hampton said. Others in the audience noted that therapies that increase protein turnover generally, such as pathways stimulated by caloric restriction, might prove as useful as protein-specific interventions. That’s in part because the relative contribution of accumulation of specific misfolded proteins and proteasome dysfunction to pathogenesis remains unclear. Moreover, degenerative diseases of aging may well bring with them a broader rise in the level of proteins that need disposal, of which those that researchers know merely represent the tip of the iceberg.
Paul Muchowski tied chaperones into the growing recognition that large protein aggregates may be a lesser culprit in neurodegenerative diseases than early assemblies, however elusive they may be in vivo. He started out by noting that today’s version of the amyloid hypothesis—protein misfolding leads to amyloids, and somewhere along the process the cell dies—applies to many neurodegenerative diseases. Muchowski, who is at the University of Washington, Seattle, asked where in this process chaperones have their greatest effect. He chose to study aggregation of glutamine-expanded (polyQ) huntingtin, which in Huntington disease forms amyloid-like inclusions in the cytoplasm and the nucleus of affected neurons in the striatum and cortex.
Attention began shifting away from inclusions when it turned out that chaperones can prevent neurodegeneration in Drosophila, and also slow neuropathology and motor symptoms in a mouse model of spinocerebellar ataxia, all while leaving inclusions abundantly in place (Kazemi-Esfarjani and Benzer, 2000; Cummings et al., 2001). “This surprised everyone,” Muchowski recalled. It was perplexing, too: If chaperones prevent aggregation, but aggregation visibly occurs in these chaperone-treated models, then how did the chaperones pull off their beneficial effect?
Muchowski hypothesized that mutant huntingtin forms spherical or annular oligomers, and that chaperones prevent their accumulation. The researchers developed a system of controlled expression of the first exon of mutant huntingtin, and added chaperones at various time points in the aggregation process in a five-hour experiment. Spotting the mixture on a grid, they used atomic force microscopy to image and quantify what sorts of species had formed, according to how Brian Caughey and Peter Lansbury had described them for Aβ and a-synuclein. Muchowski’s team saw spherical assemblies form at concentrations well below the threshold for fiber formation; little rings formed at slightly higher concentrations, and fibers appeared above the threshold concentration. When the scientists added the chaperones Hsp40/70 right after turning on mutant ht expression, the oligomers never appeared but instead more fibers formed. Adding the chaperones even an hour into the process had no effect, indicating that chaperones act early in the aggregation process. The data appeared online last month (Wacker et al., 2004).
It’s not clear exactly what the chaperones do, but Muchowski speculates that by simply stabilizing the huntingtin monomer, they cover up certain binding sites needed for the oligomer pathway. One other thing: Muchowski suspects that oligomer formation may represent an offshoot from huntingtin’s major fiber-forming pathway. “It’s not clear at all that oligomers lead to fibers,” he said. This jibes with the observation that reducing oligomer formation actually leads to more fibers, not fewer, and with the finding that chaperones prevent toxicity but not fiber formation in the animal.
The larger question of whether large aggregates are toxic or a protective response by the cell received intense discussion, fueled by Steven Finkbeiner’s recent demonstration that inclusions helped cultured cells loaded with mutant huntingtin survive (see ARF related news story). “The aggregates are a red herring,” said Coleman. “They are there and we can see them. This has been the history with AD ever since Alois Alzheimer described the plaques and tangles. It may turn out that they are not the problem but earlier changes are, and that may be true with other aggregates. They are markers of something else that already happened.”
Therapeutic entry points from this research would appear obvious: Find ways to increase chaperone expression! Indeed, a compound that induces chaperones slows ALS in an SOD mouse model (Kieran et al., 2004), as did a genetic approach in a model of Parkinson’s (Auluck et al., 2002). The hitch, Muchowski said, is that chaperones do more than stabilize aberrant protein monomers. Much like the proteasome, they are prominent players in varied cellular processes. In particular, their role in signal transduction can create a kind of tug of war between neurodegeneration and proliferation. In some cancers, chaperones are overly active, and chaperone inhibition is indeed used in cancer treatment. Therefore, HSP activators would have to be specific and carefully targeted.
One of the many other functions of chaperones that are drawing intense interest in neurodegeneration research is their role in autophagy. By this process the cell degrades waste proteins inside its lysosomes, and it functions in parallel with the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Two complementary talks offered context and new data. First, Ana Maria Cuervo, of Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York, explained that chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is the most selective of the three known forms of autophagy. The other two major classes of lysosomal protein degradation are macroautophagy, which is inducible and chews up entire organelles, and its constitutively active cousin microautophagy. Both degrade cytosolic components sequestered inside vesicles that are created either de novo in the cytosol (macroautophagy) or pinched off from the lysosome membrane (microautophagy). By contrast, CMA destroys specific cytosolic proteins that translocate across the lysosomal membrane via the lamp2a receptor on the lysosome. Once proteins are inside the lysosome, they are gone within five minutes, but only proteins that carry the “kferq” recognition motif make it there. APP, huntingtin, and α-synuclein all have the kferq motif, and the cytosolic chaperone Hsp70 mediates their recognition and binding to lamp2a, Cuervo said.
Hypothetical model for the role of altered CMA in familial forms of Parkinson's disease Normal α-synuclein is eliminated from the cytosol through CMA after being recognized by a cytosolic chaperone. Mutant forms of α-synuclein are targeted to the lysosomal membrane and bind to the receptor but do not translocate. The high affinity of the mutant protein for the lysosomal receptor results in blockage of the translocation complex for other CMA substrates, that are likely to also accumulate in the cytosol of the affected cells.
Cuervo first outlined a series of experiments suggesting that CMA participates in the removal of damaged proteins. It responds to starvation, toxins, and oxidative stress in a variety of different cell types. Lysosomes isolated from cultured cells put under mild oxidative stress, or from mice injected with the toxin paraquat, both contained increased numbers of oxidized cytosolic proteins. Oxidized proteins translocate better into lysosomes, perhaps because they partially unfold, and CMA responds to paraquat stress by boosting the lysosomes’ capacity to import oxidized proteins.
With aging, CMA activity decreases while levels of oxidized cytosolic proteins increase. Cuervo suggested that the former contributes to the latter, and that CMA is where aging cells became particularly vulnerable to oxidative and toxic stress. To begin testing this assumption, the researchers interfered with lamp2a expression in fibroblasts. This led to oxidized proteins’ being stuck outside lysosomes and impaired the cells’ ability to survive conditions of oxidative and toxic stress.
Cuervo’s lab then set out on a foray into neurodegeneration by studying α-synuclein’s behavior on lysosomes (see ARF related news story). In a nutshell, the scientists show that both of the two α-synuclein mutations known to cause Parkinson disease bind more tightly than wild-type α-synuclein to the lysosomal lamp2a receptor, but they never enter the vesicles inside. In this way, mutant α-synuclein sticks around, and lysosomal receptors remain loaded so that other substrates cannot enter for their degradation, either. “As a consequence of CMA blockage, damaged proteins accumulate in the cytosol, and the cell loses its ability to respond to stress,” Cuervo said.
Cuervo’s work offers opportunities for collaboration with other labs working on neurodegeneration, particularly by way of cross-breeding her new line of mice. Cuervo and colleagues made a strain of mice, still young, in whom they can induce overexpression of lamp2a at will. They plan to activate lamp2a when the mice age and ask whether putting more receptors into lysosomes can prevent the age-related decrease in CMA, or even reverse the age-related accumulation of damaged proteins. Other future work will be directed at studying differences between oligomeric forms of α-synuclein and their effect on the lysosomal membrane (see Yang et al., 1008). Cuervo also plans to investigate the major AD risk factor ApoE, whose isoforms are known to differ in their lysosomal degradation (see Mahley section of ARF related news story, Yi et al., 2002).
Cuervo emphasized that researchers should not focus on one cellular degradation system exclusively. In her experience, experiments manipulating CMA lead to changes in other degradation systems, as well, as these systems crosstalk. For example, chronically blocking CMA in cultured cells leads, paradoxically, to an increase in overall degradation. That’s because macroautophagy kicks in to compensate, and proteasomal degradation also responded by changing the subunit composition of the proteasome. “Proteasomal degradation clearly crosstalks with lysosomal degradation, and this is why there is so much confusion in the proteasome field. This crosstalk is very important. We need to consider all these pathways and learn how they interact,” Cuervo said.
Ralph Nixon began his talk by seconding Cuervo’s appeal that scientists studying a given cellular protein degradation system always keep an eye on the others. He then focused on broader changes in autophagy in AD. In this disease, the lysosomal system becomes mobilized early on as a protective response, but it fails to pull all the way through to protein degradation and instead gets backed up somewhere in the process. This leads to pathologies that deserve more study, Nixon said. Bob Terry described accumulating lysosomes in AD (Suzuki and Terry, 1967), but this observation has been forgotten. “Now we realize how prominent this is,” Nixon said.
Autophagy begins with the formation of membrane sacs called autophagosomes, which then fuse with late endosomes or lysosomes for degradation of their contents. In normal brain this process is barely detectable, but most neurons in AD show evidence of it and do so with a massive pathology, Nixon said. Using antibodies that detect induction of autophagy, Nixon’s group saw an upregulation of the process in dendrites of hippocampus and cortex of PS/APP-transgenic mice that begins at nine weeks, before the mice deposit amyloid. By nine months, when amyloid deposition is in full swing, the autophagy antibody labels the dystrophic neurites known to course through and around plaques. In fact, autophagic vacuoles (AVs) become the predominant organelle in dystrophic neurites.
What stimulates this? Experimentally, sublethal Aβ levels and oxidative stress both induce autophagy in cultured neurons, Nixon said. What’s more, he believes that the presenilin protein may have a normal function in autophagy. Nixon’s collaborator Anne Cataldo, now at McLean Hospital in Belmont, found that FAD presenilin mutations cause a more severe disturbance of lysosome function than is seen in sporadic AD, and APP/PS double-transgenic mice have more pronounced lysosomal pathology than do mice transgenic for APP alone, (Cataldo et al., 2004). Fibroblasts from people with PS1 mutations showed a proliferation of AVs and kept accumulating them, unable to complete protein degradation, Nixon said. Blastocysts from PS1/2 double-knockouts failed to induce autophagy, leading Nixon to suggest that presenilin is required for autophagy. This suggests a presenilin function that is independent of APP cleavage but would be required for the clearance of amyloid through the lysosomal pathway, not to mention the many other proteins and organelles turned over by autophagy. It is unclear which presenilin substrate is required for autophagy to work properly. Since in FAD, autophagosomes accumulate and, in PS-null blastocysts, grow to “monster” proportions, Nixon said, it is likely to be one that comes into play later, perhaps during lysosome fusion.
Nixon also noted evidence that the components required for Aβ production are enriched in isolated AVs (Yu et al., 2004), suggesting that these autophagic organelles might continuously produce intraneuronal Aβ as they accumulate. “Peripherally, we have evidence that autophagy is a route for Aβ production,” Nixon said. Tau pathology also stimulates autophagocytosis, but Nixon questioned whether this process is an early manifestation of AD. Rather, tau dysfunction may tie autophagy and axonal transport into a broader picture.
What, then, is the earliest insult that promotes Aβ generation and, in turn, autophagy? No consensus pathway exists, but Nixon pointed to dysfunction in neuronal endocytosis as his favorite suspect. In this scenario, early endosomes do not mature and instead enlarge (Cataldo et al., 2004). Signaling endosomes do not travel to the nucleus to transmit protective growth factor signals, tying axonal transport into the picture (see also ARF related conference story).
Picking up the baton where Nixon had left off, Cynthia McMurray, in a rapid-fire presentation on Huntington disease (HD), concurred that defects in endocytosis are the earliest sign of trouble her experiments are picking up. To set the stage, McMurray, who is at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, first recapped that while some molecular processes of HD overlap with those in other neurodegenerative diseases, HD's genetics are unusual. The defect is not a missense mutation or deletion, but an expansion of CAG triplet repeats, and the length of the expansion determines age of onset. Curiously, the length of the expansion grows from generation to generation, such that the disease can begin at age 50 in a grandfather, 26 in his daughter, and six months in her child, reflecting a lengthening of the repeats from 92 in the first generation to over 200 in the third.
A thumbtack version of McMurray’s view of Huntington’s goes like this: Toxicity arises from an oxidation cycle that couples htt protein and DNA. Mutant huntingtin first causes defects in endosome and axonal trafficking. This impairs mitochondria, which then secrete toxic radicals. The radicals modify DNA, and subsequent attempts to repair the damage create DNA breaks, which lead to somatic expansion of the CAG repeat. In this cycle, the trafficking defect sets off toxicity, and the oxidative/DNA damage cycle continues throughout life. Inclusions form as a consequence of the critical toxic events, McMurray contends.
McMurray’s experiments use mice and cultured striatal neurons expressing full-length mutant human huntingtin (mhtt). “All my work uses the endogenous whole protein. I don’t think expressing just an exon or two gives you the right answer,” McMurray said. Early on in her studies, the cultured neurons retracted their axons within two days of expressing mhtt because traffic along microtubules faltered. A closer look revealed that the first step in this defective process lay in little flask-shaped indentations of the cell membrane called caveolae that were not being properly endocytosed and trafficked anymore. Found in most tissues, caveolae constitute a system of endocytic transport vesicles that operates alongside the better-known clathrin-coated pits. They remain enigmatic but are of particular intrigue in neurodegenerative disease because their constituent proteins, the caveolins, also serve as scaffolding hubs that recruit signaling molecules to the caveolae. This is important for the function of signaling endosomes and has been implicated in Parkinson disease (Hashimoto et al., 2003).
McMurray found that caveolin protein interacts strongly with the mutant htt, but not with normal htt. This weakens caveolin’s required interaction with cholesterol. Caveolae from the mutant htt-expressing neurons were unable to efflux cholesterol from the neurons, and cholesterol piled up inside them. This observation held in vivo, as the scientists correlated large intraneuronal increases in cholesterol with the appearance of a clasping motor phenotype in HD mice. In culture, turning mutant htt expression on induced a cholesterol increase, and silencing the gene restored proper trafficking of caveolae and brought cholesterol levels down, McMurray said. She suspects that this cholesterol accumulation compromises the nuclear membrane in such a way that huntingtin—otherwise too large a protein to enter the nucleus under normal conditions—can now enter. Even so, McMurray attributes all the changes leading up to this nuclear translocation to htt in the cytoplasm and contended that nuclear htt has little to do with the primary pathophysiology of HD (see also ARF related news story). “I really think nuclear aggregation is a late event,” McMurray said.
Caveolar membranes are of the lipid raft type, and McMurray’s team is now studying how their lipid content changes. This finding has echoes in other neurodegenerative diseases where altered cholesterol homeostasis is a problem. For example, Niemann-Pick syndrome is primarily a disease of cholesterol storage in lysosomes, and ApoE, which receives cholesterol from caveolae, is a risk factor in AD.
The early endocytic problems then grow into broader trafficking defects along microtubules. Mitochondria in htt-mutant mice stop moving even before neurological symptoms develop, probably because mutant htt sequesters wild-type htt along with motor proteins and other trafficking components. This work, recently published (Trushina et al., 2004), confirms in mammals earlier work done in invertebrates (see ARF related news story).
A second line of investigation traces what happens to the cell after damaged mitochondria begin spewing out hydroxyl radicals. McMurray said she believed that the obvious consequence—protein and lipid oxidation—wreaks less havoc than what goes on at the DNA. There, hydroxyl radicals launch a process that leads to a cycle of lengthening of the repeat size and aggravated htt toxicity in a given person as (s)he ages, McMurray contends.
The growth of the htt expansion can be shown in HD mice and in humans. To test the idea that hydroxyl radicals instigate it, McMurray and colleagues isolated embryonic cells from their HD mice and treated them with hydrogen peroxide. This prompted the existing triplet repeats to lengthen with time. Further studies detailed a process by which the DNA repair enzyme 8-oxoG-DNA glycosylase (OGG1) cuts out oxidized bases from the DNA, creating a strand break. In their experiments, this strand lifted off the DNA duplex and formed a stable loop with itself, leaving behind a single-stranded gap that DNA polymerases subsequently filled in. Also left behind was a longer expansion in the aberrant loop. It gets transcribed to yield a more toxic htt protein, and it provides more spaces for oxidation and further elongation with age. This process was more active in brain than in liver, McMurray noted. To test this model, the scientists bred mice lacking the OGG1 enzyme with mice expressing mutant htt, and the crosses indeed do not show repeat expansion with age. Preliminary data suggest that the crosses develop a milder form of disease, as well, McMurray said.—Gabrielle Strobel.
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- Trushina E, Dyer RB, Badger JD, Ure D, Eide L, Tran DD, Vrieze BT, Legendre-Guillemin V, McPherson PS, Mandavilli BS, Van Houten B, Zeitlin S, McNiven M, Aebersold R, Hayden M, Parisi JE, Seeberg E, Dragatsis I, Doyle K, Bender A, Chacko C, McMurray CT. Mutant huntingtin impairs axonal trafficking in mammalian neurons in vivo and in vitro. Mol Cell Biol. 2004 Sep;24(18):8195-209. PubMed. | <urn:uuid:897e07bc-ffbb-4631-b477-9a8637b2b5d4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.alzforum.org/news/conference-coverage/conformation-rules-part-3-news-common-threads-debate-san-diego-protein | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00308-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.906884 | 5,940 | 2.640625 | 3 |
August 1, 2002｜China
Special Adviser, International Planning & Co-ordination Corporate Planning Unit, Nissho Iwai Corporation
Against the background of five years having passed since Hong Kong was handed back to China and with the southern and eastern delta regions of China enjoying prosperity, there have been a remarkable number of media reports taking up the issue of the “Hong Kong bashing phenomenon”. Some claim that Hong Kong will lose its advantage and will soon be overtaken by Shanghai.
In fact, there are already fifty thousand Hong Kong companies in Guangdong and foreign companies that set up in southern China do not always base themselves in Hong Kong as a first step.
In addition, Hong Kong is no longer the only place with transportation infrastructure and infrastructure in mainland China has gradually come to be used. The first international container shipping lane was opened last June, between Guangzhou and the west coast of the U.S., served by five container ships of the 2,500 TEU class, thereby making it possible to connect China and the U.S. in 12 hours; it is said that transportation costs on this route will be much cheaper than the route via Hong Kong. It seems that the position of Hong Kong, home to the world’s largest international cargo center with cutting-edge equipment (airport) and the world’s busiest container facility in terms of freight handled (port), has come under threat.
In addition, according to a survey about the scale of their future business in Hong Kong conducted by NNA Ltd. among Japanese companies in Hong Kong (96 valid responses) between the beginning of May and the beginning of June, 72.9% of companies were very uncertain about business in Hong Kong or were retrenching, with 42.7% saying they were unsure about their future plans, 30.2% responding that they planned to scale down their operations and 20.8% answering that they planned to expand. Comparing this with mainland China, which is enjoying an influx of foreign capital, Hong Kong seems to be the loser, while China is the winner.
In terms of the business environment, the differences between Hong Kong and the mainland China are evident.
These are things that China will be unable to achieve easily even though it has joined the WTO.
It is reported that the number of Japanese companies which have established their Asian headquarters or branch offices in Hong Kong with the aim of enjoying this friendly business environment has increased by 40% from 482 in 1999 to 693 at the end of 2001 (Hong Kong Trade Development Council). In addition, many foreign enterprises are transferring their Asian operational headquarters from Singapore to Hong Kong.
There was a boom in Hong Kong investment in China between January to June this year, with 4,841 individual cases of investment reported (an increase of 32.8% on the same period of last year). The amount of cargo handled at Chek Lap Kok airport in June increased significantly, rising 25.4% on the same month of the previous year, while the amount of cargo loaded, which indicates exports, increased 33.9%. One hundred and fifty years after Hong Kong opened its doors as a trade port, the “south gate” to mainland China is still going strong.
From what I have seen of Hong Kong, which has changed and been developed as a city of international finance and business, I believe that the formation and development of the Northeast Asian economic subregion would accelerate if a gateway with the same function were to emerge in northern China. However, no sign of this has yet been seen. | <urn:uuid:e84c1c47-d6f2-4a6e-82a6-0aeaa08b1e8e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.erina.or.jp/en/columns-opinion/4751/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.973946 | 734 | 2.015625 | 2 |
After handling many cases involving tragedies in the tourism and theme park industry, this most recent incident raises questions about industry safety and lack of regulation.
On Thursday, March 24, 2022, a 14-year-old boy fell 430-feet from the Icon Park Drop Tower in Orlando, Florida. The boy suffered serious injuries and was transported to the hospital where he passed away from those injuries.
An investigation is being performed by the Orange County Sheriff’s Office. They are trying to determine what caused the fall.
The Icon Park Drop Tower is a popular tourist attraction that opened in December of 2021. It is a round tower that can hold up to 30 riders at a time. The attraction is said to set a record for the tallest drop tower attraction in the world. The ride takes the occupants up to 430-feet and spins, providing views of the Orlando area. On clear days, you can see the coast. You can see Disney’s Magic Kingdom and the Contemporary Resort. After a spin for the view, the ride then drops 430-feet. It races at a rate of about 75 miles per hour.
Witnesses to this incident saw what looked like a piece of material fall from the ride. Then, when they saw what was on the ground, they realized it was a person. That person was the 14-year-old victim who ultimately succumbed to his injuries.
Tourist attractions are a huge industry in Central Florida. Unfortunately, there is not a lot of regulation. Carnivals, tourist attractions, and especially the famous theme parks generally do their own investigations and their own self-regulating. Very little regulation is done by the state. Any regulation that is done is performed by archaic means by understaffed state agencies through the Florida Department of Agriculture.
Over the thousands of tourist industry cases we have handled, it is evident that the state needs more regulation. It appears the industry, and the government, put the economic interests created from tourism above the safety of the very patrons who provide the financial benefit. This needs to change.
It’s unfortunate that things did not change sooner as it may have prevented this boy’s death. There are several videos online of the Icon Park Tower Drop. However, it’s noted in some that while there is a shoulder harness, there may be no seat belt. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=hP5hLZlEUB0. This could be one of the problems that lead to the death of this young man. More information is becoming available as the investigations continue. But, it is easy to see how a person could slip out if the securing restraints were not sufficient. And, this is not the first time Icon Park has had similar safety problems. Twice in 2020 we posted about other injuries and deaths at this tourist attraction area. https://orlando.legalexaminer.com/legal/worker-falls-to-his-death-from-icon-parks-starflyer-attraction/
Incidents of severe injuries and deaths at traveling carnivals, tourist attractions, fun parks, and the most famous theme parks in the world show that it is time for the state of Florida and even Congress enact legislation and impose significant regulations to improve the safety of these attractions for the children and families drawn to them. These companies make a significant profit, at the price of safety to members of the unsuspecting public who are just looking for a thrill, shot of adrenaline, or good time. We have handled many, many cases like this and each time it is due to a lack of oversight, lack of training, recklessness and just plain negligence. It needs to end so no more families need to suffer. If you cannot run these operations safely, you must stop running them all together. Either don’t offer them at all, or let someone responsible run them. Given the profit margins in this industry, the safety problems are unfortunately going to continue unless there is a change.
Our thoughts and prayers go out this family whose 14 year old son was taken from them. And, as well, to the many other victims of tourist attraction and theme park tragedies. Things need to change in this industry or these failures will continue to occur.
Michael J. Damaso, II
Wooten, Kimbrough, Damaso & Dennis, P.A.
236 South Lucerne Circle at Delaney
Orlando, Florida 32801
A civil trial attorney with the firm Wooten, Kimbrough, Damaso & Dennis, P.A., Mr. Damaso concentrates on cases involving personal injury and wrongful deaths and solely represents individual victims and consumers. He takes his clients' cases personally and is committed to their best possible outcome. His strong sense of community has led to his support of numerous charities in the Orlando area. | <urn:uuid:27f7b8b4-af14-48ea-9c45-6dbbde13775a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://orlando.legalexaminer.com/legal/fall-from-drop-tower-icon-park-orlando-raises-questions-of-industry-safety/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572581.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816211628-20220817001628-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.961642 | 1,012 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Photo First Games, Alphabet AntsItem#: YYAZ-CDP842001 | Model#: KE-842001
Currently Out Of Stock!
Key Education Photo First Games Product Details
Ideal for young learners. Full-color photographs and illustrations help build visual discrimination skills. Laminated for durability and cleanliness. Two-piece puzzles combine uppercase and lowercase letters to create an object that begins with that letter sound. Games/Manipulatives Type: Games; Age Recommendation: Ages 4 and Up.
What It Is And Why You Need It
- Early learner games help build visual discrimination skills with full-color photographs and illustrations.
- Ideal for young learners.
- Full-color photographs and illustrations help build visual discrimination skills.
- Laminated for durability and cleanliness.
Manufactured by: Carson Dellosa
Warranty provided by: Carson Dellosa
UPC No: 044222209278
Mfg Part No: KE-842001
( Length:0, Width:0, Depth:0)
Shipping Weight: 0.3400 pound(s)
Click here for full warranty and support information
- Carson Dellosa logos are registered trademarks of Carson Dellosa. All others trademarks and copyrights mentioned herein are the property of their respective owners. | <urn:uuid:c791b880-5b49-4cf9-a49b-98b788c58c57> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.tigerdirect.com/applications/searchtools/item-details.asp?EdpNo=1809083&Tab=11&NoMapp= | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280483.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00295-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.808068 | 272 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Major Severe Weather Outbreak Expected Saturday & Saturday Night Across Southern Plains
All the ingredients are coming together for a significant outbreak of severe weather Saturday and Saturday night across the Southern Plains. Locations expected to see the worse are from eastern Nebraska, into central Kansas and Oklahoma. From Lincoln, NE down to Wichita Kansas, including Oklahoma City, OK and down into Wichita Falls, TX. For all those living in or around the pink and red areas in the image above this is a LIFE THREATENING scenario with a significant tornado outbreak Saturday afternoon and Saturday night.
If you live in and around this area PLANNING STARTS NOW!!! Know where you will go if a tornado warning is issued for your town. Find the lowest most interior location location. If you live in a modular home, trailer, apartment complex find another place to be tomorrow afternoon. Call friends or family and see if you can wait out this storm with them if they have a house and a basement.
GET A ALL HAZARDS WEATHER RADIO AND A FULLY CHARGED CELL PHONE… This could be your primary source for weather information if you were to lose power. Most who live in these areas have a radio but if you don’t go get one. If you live in a severe weather prone area, a weather radio is just as important as a smoke detector in your home. It can and does save lives.
For the cell phone my followers and readers have an opportunity to get a severe weather app designed to send push notifications to your iPhone. If you are in the National weather Service warning polygon it will notify you directly to your phone for Severe Thunderstorms warnings and watches, Tornado Warnings and Watches as well as Flood Warning and Watches.
KNOW THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A WATCH AND A WARNING!!! This can and will save your life. SEVERE WEATHER WATCH (Severe Thunderstorm or Tornado) will be issued hours in advance of any developing severe storms. It means severe weather is possible to form and you need to monitor the weather closely for the potential development later in the day.
SEVERE WEATHER WARNING (Thunderstorm or Tornado) means severe weather IS OCCURING NOW OR IT’S JUST MINUTES AWAY FROM OCCURING and you need to SEEK SHELTER NOW!!!
A significant severe weather outbreak is expected across parts of the Southern Plains on Saturday evening into Saturday night. The worst of the severe weather is expected to be across parts of Oklahoma and Kansas where a tornado outbreak is expected. In North Texas…severe storms will be possible very late Saturday night into Sunday. Isolated tornadoes…damaging winds and large hail will be possible. In addition…locally heavy rainfall can be expected. The highest rain chances for North Texas will be during the day Sunday.
Overall the forecast hasn’t change much since last night for the Dallas-Fort Worth area Saturday night. The main threat of severe storms and potential tornadoes remains well to the northwest of Texas Motor Speedway.
There is a threat of an isolated to possibly scattered storms around Texas Motor Speedway for the Sprint Cup Samsung Mobile 500. Any storm that could or possible form has the potential to be severe with gusty winds and large hail. Although the risk is there the likelihood for anything to form or occur before or during the race is low and I feel we should get the race started and finished Saturday night. Just keep in mind one storm or shower could cause a delay I feel confident we can get this in.
Purchase MyWARN by May 31st for a one time cost of $9.99. Purchases of MyWARN on or after June 1 will fall under an $11.99 annual subscription fee pricing structure.
When you initialize the app on your phone, be sure to enter the promotional code NASCARWX to be entered in a drawing for a $10 iTunes gift card. Ten lucky winners will be drawn from the NASCAR WXMAN purchasers on June 1, 2012. Don’t forget to enter your email as well. MyWARN will never email you without your permission (unless you win!) nor divulge your email addresses to any other agencies.
Click the App Store logo below or to the right to view the app in the App Store.
This entry was posted by Brian Neudorff on April 13, 2012 at 1:56 PM, and is filed under 2012 NASCAR Season, NASCAR Weather, Race Forecast, Race Tracks, Race Weather, Race Weekend, Races, Samsung Mobile 500, Severe Weather, Sprint Cup Series, Texas Motor Speedway, Weather News. Follow any responses to this post through RSS 2.0.You can leave a response or trackback from your own site. | <urn:uuid:487d22f0-5d86-4eb0-8f91-2f15339fb823> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://wx-man.com/NASCAR/major-severe-weather-outbreak-expected-saturday-saturday-night-across-southern-plains/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00125-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.933508 | 970 | 1.828125 | 2 |
WASHINGTON: A 29-year-old intelligence contractor who claims to have worked at the National Security Agency and the CIA allowed himself to be revealed Sunday as the source of disclosures about the US government's secret surveillance programs, risking prosecution by the US government.
The leaks have reopened the post-September 11 debate about privacy concerns versus heightened measure to protect against terrorist attacks, and led the NSA to ask the Justice Department to conduct a criminal investigation into the leaks.
The Guardian, the first paper to disclose the documents, said it was publishing the identity of Edward Snowden, a former technical assistant for the CIA and current employee of defence contractor Booz Allen Hamilton, at his own request.
"My sole motive is to inform the public as to that which is done in their name and that which is done against them," Snowden told the newspaper.
Stories in The Guardian and The Washington Post published over the last week revealed two surveillance programs, and both published interviews with Snowden on Sunday.
One of them is a phone records monitoring program in which the NSA gathers hundreds of millions of US phone records each day, creating a database through which it can learn whether terror suspects have been in contact with people in the US. The Obama administration says the NSA program does not listen to actual conversations.
Separately, an Internet scouring program, code-named PRISM, allows the NSA and FBI to tap directly into nine US Internet companies to gather all Internet usage — audio, video, photographs, emails and searches. The effort is designed to detect suspicious behaviour that begins overseas.
Snowden said claims the programs are secure are not true.
"Any analyst at any time can target anyone. Any selector. Anywhere. Where those communications will be picked up depends on the range of those sensor networks and the authority that that analyst is empowered with," Snowden said, in accompanying video on the Guardian's website.
"Not all analysts have the power to target anything. But I, sitting at my desk, had the authority to wiretap anyone, from you or your accountant to a federal judge to even the president if I had a personal email."
He told the Post that he would "ask for asylum from any countries that believe in free speech and oppose the victimisation of global privacy" in an interview from Hong Kong, where he is staying.
"I'm not going to hide," Snowden told the Post. "Allowing the US government to intimidate its people with threats of retaliation for revealing wrongdoing is contrary to the public interest."
The Post declined to elaborate on its reporting about Snowden.
The spokesman for the Director of National Intelligence, Shawn Turner, said intelligence officials are "currently reviewing the damage that has been done by these recent disclosures", adding that "any person who has a security clearance knows that he or she has an obligation to protect classified information and abide by the law."
He referred further comment to the Justice Department.
"The Department of Justice is in the initial stages of an investigation into the unauthorised disclosure of classified information by an individual with authorised access," said Nanda Chitre, Justice Department spokeswoman. "Consistent with longstanding department policy and procedure and in order to protect the integrity of the investigation, we must decline further comment."
In a statement, Booz Allen confirmed that Snowden "has been an employee of our firm for less than three months, assigned to a team in Hawaii."
The statement said if the news reports of what he has leaked prove accurate, "this action represents a grave violation of the code of conduct", and the company promised to work closely with authorities on the investigation.
Director of National Intelligence James Clapper has decried the revelation of the intelligence-gathering programs as reckless and said it has done "huge, grave damage". In recent days, he took the rare step of declassifying some details about them to respond to media reports about counterterrorism techniques employed by the government.
Snowden told The Guardian that he lacked a high school diploma and enlisted in the US Army until he was discharged because of an injury, and later worked as a security guard with the NSA.
He later went to work for the CIA as an information technology employee and by 2007 was stationed in Geneva, Switzerland, where he had access to classified documents.
During that time, he considered going public about the nation's secretive programs but told the newspaper he decided against it, because he did not want to put anyone in danger and he hoped Obama's election would curtail some of the clandestine programs.
He said he was disappointed that Obama did not rein in the surveillance programs.
"Much of what I saw in Geneva really disillusioned me about how my government functions and what its impact is in the world," he told The Guardian. "I realised that I was part of something that was doing far more harm than good."
Snowden left the CIA in 2009 to join a private contractor, and spent last four years at the NSA, as a contractor with consulting giant Booz Allen Hamilton and, before that, Dell.
The Guardian reported that Snowden was working in an NSA office in Hawaii when he copied the last of the documents he planned to disclose and told supervisors that he needed to be away for a few weeks to receive treatment for epilepsy.
Guardian reporter Glenn Greenwald, who filed the initial news reports on the programs, declined comment Sunday when contacted in a Hong Kong hotel lobby by The Associated Press.
"I'm not going to talk to you, and I don't have any information to give you," he said.
A sign advertising Century 21 realtor Kerri Jo Heim sits on the grass outside the blue-and-white house where Snowden and his girlfriend lived in a quiet neighborhood in Waipahu, West Oahu.
Heim says the couple moved out on May 1, leaving nothing behind. She said last Wednesday police came by asking where they went, but she didn't know.
Snowden left for Hong Kong on May 20 and has remained there since, according to the newspaper.
Snowden is quoted as saying he chose that city because "they have a spirited commitment to free speech and the right of political dissent", and because he believed it was among the spots on the globe that could and would resist the dictates of the US government.
"I feel satisfied that this was all worth it. I have no regrets," Snowden told The Guardian, which said he asked to be identified after several days of interviews.
Iceland's International Modern Media Institute, a free press group, said it had yet to hear from Snowden directly. But in a statement the institute said it would do what it could to help the former intelligence worker find asylum and was already working to set up a meeting with Iceland's newly appointed interior minister.
Snowden could face decades in a US jail for revealing classified information if he is successfully extradited from Hong Kong, said Mark Zaid, a national security lawyer who represents whistleblowers. Hong Kong had an extradition treaty with the United States that took force in 1998, according to the US State Department website.
"If it's a straight leak of classified information, the government could subject him to a 10 or 20 year penalty for each count," with each document leaked considered a separate charge, Zaid said.
Hong Kong, though part of China, is partly autonomous and has a Western-style legal system that is a legacy from the territory's past as a British colony. A US-Hong Kong extradition treaty has worked smoothly in the past. Hong Kong extradited three Al Qaeda suspects to the US in 2003, for example.
But the treaty comes with important exceptions. Key provisions allow a request to be rejected if it is deemed to be politically motivated or that the suspect would not receive a fair trial. Beijing may also block an extradition of Chinese nationals from Hong Kong for national security reasons.
Snowden told the newspaper he believes the government could try to charge him with treason under the Espionage Act, but Zaid said that would require the government to prove he had intent to betray the United States, whereas he publicly made it clear he did this to spur debate.
The government could also make an argument that the NSA leaks have aided the enemy — as military prosecutors have claimed against Army Pvt. Bradley Manning, who faces life in prison under military law if convicted for releasing a trove of classified documents through WikiLeaks.
"They could say the revelation of the (NSA) programs could instruct people to change tactics," Zaid said. But even under the lesser charges of simply revealing classified information, "you are talking potentially decades in jail, loss of his employment and his security clearance".
Officials said the revelations were dangerous and irresponsible. House intelligence committee member Peter King, R-NY, called for Snowden to be "extradited from Hong Kong immediately...and prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law", in an interview with The Associated Press Sunday.
"I believe the leaker has done extreme damage to the US and to our intelligence operations," King said, by alerting Al Qaeda to US surveillance, and by spooking US service providers who now might fight sharing data in future with the US government, now that the system has been made public.
King added that intelligence and law enforcement professionals he'd spoken to since the news broke were also concerned that Snowden might be taken into custody by Chinese intelligence agents and questioned about CIA and NSA spies and policies.
"To be a whistleblower, there would have to be a pattern of him filing complaints through appropriate channels to his supervisors," said Ambassador John Negroponte, the first director of national intelligence, in an interview with the AP Sunday. "For me, it's just an outright case of betrayal of confidences and a violation of his nondisclosure agreement."
President Barack Obama, Clapper and others have said the programs are authorised by Congress and subject to strict supervision of a secret court.
"It's important to recognise that you can't have 100 per cent security and also then have 100 per cent privacy and zero inconvenience," Obama said. "We're going to have to make some choices as a society." | <urn:uuid:0759f55b-0985-4b97-979f-dbbe696267e4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.dawn.com/news/1017272/surveillance-whistleblower-says-us-retaliation-threats-contrary-to-public-interest | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00555-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.977157 | 2,048 | 1.523438 | 2 |
Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, Vol. 4, by Edward Gibbon, , at sacred-texts.com
The distinction of ranks and persons is the firmest basis of a mixed and limited government. In France, the remains of liberty are kept alive by the spirit, the honors, and even the prejudices, of fifty thousand nobles. 99 Two hundred families !_0054 supply, in lineal descent, the second branch of English legislature, which maintains, between the king and commons, the balance of the constitution. A gradation of patricians and plebeians, of strangers and subjects, has supported the aristocracy of Genoa, Venice, and ancient Rome. The perfect equality of men is the point in which the extremes of democracy and despotism are confounded; since the majesty of the prince or people would be offended, if any heads were exalted above the level of their fellow-slaves or fellow-citizens. In the decline of the Roman empire, the proud distinctions of the republic were gradually abolished, and the reason or instinct of Justinian completed the simple form of an absolute monarchy. The emperor could not eradicate the popular reverence which always waits on the possession of hereditary wealth, or the memory of famous ancestors. He delighted to honor, with titles and emoluments, his generals, magistrates, and senators; and his precarious indulgence communicated some rays of their glory to the persons of their wives and children. But in the eye of the law, all Roman citizens were equal, and all subjects of the empire were citizens of Rome. That inestimable character was degraded to an obsolete and empty name. The voice of a Roman could no longer enact his laws, or create the annual ministers of his power: his constitutional rights might have checked the arbitrary will of a master: and the bold adventurer from Germany or Arabia was admitted, with equal favor, to the civil and military command, which the citizen alone had been once entitled to assume over the conquests of his fathers. The first Caesars had scrupulously guarded the distinction of ingenuous and servile birth, which was decided by the condition of the mother; and the candor of the laws was satisfied, if her freedom could be ascertained, during a single moment, between the conception and the delivery. The slaves, who were liberated by a generous master, immediately entered into the middle class of libertines or freedmen; but they could never be enfranchised from the duties of obedience and gratitude; whatever were the fruits of their industry, their patron and his family inherited the third part; or even the whole of their fortune, if they died without children and without a testament. Justinian respected the rights of patrons; but his indulgence removed the badge of disgrace from the two inferior orders of freedmen; whoever ceased to be a slave, obtained, without reserve or delay, the station of a citizen; and at length the dignity of an ingenuous birth, which nature had refused, was created, or supposed, by the omnipotence of the emperor. Whatever restraints of age, or forms, or numbers, had been formerly introduced to check the abuse of manumissions, and the too rapid increase of vile and indigent Romans, he finally abolished; and the spirit of his laws promoted the extinction of domestic servitude. Yet the eastern provinces were filled, in the time of Justinian, with multitudes of slaves, either born or purchased for the use of their masters; and the price, from ten to seventy pieces of gold, was determined by their age, their strength, and their education. 100 But the hardships of this dependent state were continually diminished by the influence of government and religion: and the pride of a subject was no longer elated by his absolute dominion over the life and happiness of his bondsman. 101
The law of nature instructs most animals to cherish and educate their infant progeny. The law of reason inculcates to the human species the returns of filial piety. But the exclusive, absolute, and perpetual dominion of the father over his children, is peculiar to the Roman jurisprudence, 102 and seems to be coeval with the foundation of the city. 103 The paternal power was instituted or confirmed by Romulus himself; and, after the practice of three centuries, it was inscribed on the fourth table of the Decemvirs. In the forum, the senate, or the camp, the adult son of a Roman citizen enjoyed the public and private rights of a person: in his father's house he was a mere thing; !!_0055 confounded by the laws with the movables, the cattle, and the slaves, whom the capricious master might alienate or destroy, without being responsible to any earthly tribunal. The hand which bestowed the daily sustenance might resume the voluntary gift, and whatever was acquired by the labor or fortune of the son was immediately lost in the property of the father. His stolen goods (his oxen or his children) might be recovered by the same action of theft; 104 and if either had been guilty of a trespass, it was in his own option to compensate the damage, or resign to the injured party the obnoxious animal. At the call of indigence or avarice, the master of a family could dispose of his children or his slaves. But the condition of the slave was far more advantageous, since he regained, by the first manumission, his alienated freedom: the son was again restored to his unnatural father; he might be condemned to servitude a second and a third time, and it was not till after the third sale and deliverance, 105 that he was enfranchised from the domestic power which had been so repeatedly abused. According to his discretion, a father might chastise the real or imaginary faults of his children, by stripes, by imprisonment, by exile, by sending them to the country to work in chains among the meanest of his servants. The majesty of a parent was armed with the power of life and death; 106 and the examples of such bloody executions, which were sometimes praised and never punished, may be traced in the annals of Rome beyond the times of Pompey and Augustus. Neither age, nor rank, nor the consular office, nor the honors of a triumph, could exempt the most illustrious citizen from the bonds of filial subjection: 107 his own descendants were included in the family of their common ancestor; and the claims of adoption were not less sacred or less rigorous than those of nature. Without fear, though not without danger of abuse, the Roman legislators had reposed an unbounded confidence in the sentiments of paternal love; and the oppression was tempered by the assurance that each generation must succeed in its turn to the awful dignity of parent and master.
The first limitation of paternal power is ascribed to the justice and humanity of Numa; and the maid who, with his father's consent, had espoused a freeman, was protected from the disgrace of becoming the wife of a slave. In the first ages, when the city was pressed, and often famished, by her Latin and Tuscan neighbors, the sale of children might be a frequent practice; but as a Roman could not legally purchase the liberty of his fellow-citizen, the market must gradually fail, and the trade would be destroyed by the conquests of the republic. An imperfect right of property was at length communicated to sons; and the threefold distinction of profectitious, adventitious, and professional was ascertained by the jurisprudence of the Code and Pandects. 108 Of all that proceeded from the father, he imparted only the use, and reserved the absolute dominion; yet if his goods were sold, the filial portion was excepted, by a favorable interpretation, from the demands of the creditors. In whatever accrued by marriage, gift, or collateral succession, the property was secured to the son; but the father, unless he had been specially excluded, enjoyed the usufruct during his life. As a just and prudent reward of military virtue, the spoils of the enemy were acquired, possessed, and bequeathed by the soldier alone; and the fair analogy was extended to the emoluments of any liberal profession, the salary of public service, and the sacred liberality of the emperor or empress. The life of a citizen was less exposed than his fortune to the abuse of paternal power. Yet his life might be adverse to the interest or passions of an unworthy father: the same crimes that flowed from the corruption, were more sensibly felt by the humanity, of the Augustan age; and the cruel Erixo, who whipped his son till he expired, was saved by the emperor from the just fury of the multitude. 109 The Roman father, from the license of servile dominion, was reduced to the gravity and moderation of a judge. The presence and opinion of Augustus confirmed the sentence of exile pronounced against an intentional parricide by the domestic tribunal of Arius. Adrian transported to an island the jealous parent, who, like a robber, had seized the opportunity of hunting, to assassinate a youth, the incestuous lover of his step-mother. 110 A private jurisdiction is repugnant to the spirit of monarchy; the parent was again reduced from a judge to an accuser; and the magistrates were enjoined by Severus Alexander to hear his complaints and execute his sentence. He could no longer take the life of a son without incurring the guilt and punishment of murder; and the pains of parricide, from which he had been excepted by the Pompeian law, were finally inflicted by the justice of Constantine. 111 The same protection was due to every period of existence; and reason must applaud the humanity of Paulus, for imputing the crime of murder to the father who strangles, or starves, or abandons his new-born infant; or exposes him in a public place to find the mercy which he himself had denied. But the exposition of children was the prevailing and stubborn vice of antiquity: it was sometimes prescribed, often permitted, almost always practised with impunity, by the nations who never entertained the Roman ideas of paternal power; and the dramatic poets, who appeal to the human heart, represent with indifference a popular custom which was palliated by the motives of economy and compassion. 112 If the father could subdue his own feelings, he might escape, though not the censure, at least the chastisement, of the laws; and the Roman empire was stained with the blood of infants, till such murders were included, by Valentinian and his colleagues, in the letter and spirit of the Cornelian law. The lessons of jurisprudence 113 and Christianity had been insufficient to eradicate this inhuman practice, till their gentle influence was fortified by the terrors of capital punishment. 114
Experience has proved, that savages are the tyrants of the female sex, and that the condition of women is usually softened by the refinements of social life. In the hope of a robust progeny, Lycurgus had delayed the season of marriage: it was fixed by Numa at the tender age of twelve years, that the Roman husband might educate to his will a pure and obedient virgin. 115 According to the custom of antiquity, he bought his bride of her parents, and she fulfilled the coemption by purchasing, with three pieces of copper, a just introduction to his house and household deities. A sacrifice of fruits was offered by the pontiffs in the presence of ten witnesses; the contracting parties were seated on the same sheep-skin; they tasted a salt cake of far or rice; and this confarreation, 116 which denoted the ancient food of Italy, served as an emblem of their mystic union of mind and body. But this union on the side of the woman was rigorous and unequal; and she renounced the name and worship of her father's house, to embrace a new servitude, decorated only by the title of adoption, a fiction of the law, neither rational nor elegant, bestowed on the mother of a family 117 (her proper appellation) the strange characters of sister to her own children, and of daughter to her husband or master, who was invested with the plenitude of paternal power. By his judgment or caprice her behavior was approved, or censured, or chastised; he exercised the jurisdiction of life and death; and it was allowed, that in the cases of adultery or drunkenness, 118 the sentence might be properly inflicted. She acquired and inherited for the sole profit of her lord; and so clearly was woman defined, not as a person, but as a thing, that, if the original title were deficient, she might be claimed, like other movables, by the use and possession of an entire year. The inclination of the Roman husband discharged or withheld the conjugal debt, so scrupulously exacted by the Athenian and Jewish laws: 119 but as polygamy was unknown, he could never admit to his bed a fairer or a more favored partner.
After the Punic triumphs, the matrons of Rome aspired to the common benefits of a free and opulent republic: their wishes were gratified by the indulgence of fathers and lovers, and their ambition was unsuccessfully resisted by the gravity of Cato the Censor. 120 They declined the solemnities of the old nuptiais; defeated the annual prescription by an absence of three days; and, without losing their name or independence, subscribed the liberal and definite terms of a marriage contract. Of their private fortunes, they communicated the use, and secured the property: the estates of a wife could neither be alienated nor mortgaged by a prodigal husband; their mutual gifts were prohibited by the jealousy of the laws; and the misconduct of either party might afford, under another name, a future subject for an action of theft. To this loose and voluntary compact, religious and civil rights were no longer essential; and, between persons of a similar rank, the apparent community of life was allowed as sufficient evidence of their nuptials. The dignity of marriage was restored by the Christians, who derived all spiritual grace from the prayers of the faithful and the benediction of the priest or bishop. The origin, validity, and duties of the holy institution were regulated by the tradition of the synagogue, the precepts of the gospel, and the canons of general or provincial synods; 121 and the conscience of the Christians was awed by the decrees and censures of their ecclesiastical rulers. Yet the magistrates of Justinian were not subject to the authority of the church: the emperor consulted the unbelieving civilians of antiquity, and the choice of matrimonial laws in the Code and Pandects, is directed by the earthly motives of justice, policy, and the natural freedom of both sexes. 122
Besides the agreement of the parties, the essence of every rational contract, the Roman marriage required the previous approbation of the parents. A father might be forced by some recent laws to supply the wants of a mature daughter; but even his insanity was not gradually allowed to supersede the necessity of his consent. The causes of the dissolution of matrimony have varied among the Romans; 123 but the most solemn sacrament, the confarreation itself, might always be done away by rites of a contrary tendency. In the first ages, the father of a family might sell his children, and his wife was reckoned in the number of his children: the domestic judge might pronounce the death of the offender, or his mercy might expel her from his bed and house; but the slavery of the wretched female was hopeless and perpetual, unless he asserted for his own convenience the manly prerogative of divorce. *_0056 The warmest applause has been lavished on the virtue of the Romans, who abstained from the exercise of this tempting privilege above five hundred years: 124 but the same fact evinces the unequal terms of a connection in which the slave was unable to renounce her tyrant, and the tyrant was unwilling to relinquish his slave. When the Roman matrons became the equal and voluntary companions of their lords, a new jurisprudence was introduced, that marriage, like other partnerships, might be dissolved by the abdication of one of the associates. In three centuries of prosperity and corruption, this principle was enlarged to frequent practice and pernicious abuse. Passion, interest, or caprice, suggested daily motives for the dissolution of marriage; a word, a sign, a message, a letter, the mandate of a freedman, declared the separation; the most tender of human connections was degraded to a transient society of profit or pleasure. According to the various conditions of life, both sexes alternately felt the disgrace and injury: an inconstant spouse transferred her wealth to a new family, abandoning a numerous, perhaps a spurious, progeny to the paternal authority and care of her late husband; a beautiful virgin might be dismissed to the world, old, indigent, and friendless; but the reluctance of the Romans, when they were pressed to marriage by Augustus, sufficiently marks, that the prevailing institutions were least favorable to the males. A specious theory is confuted by this free and perfect experiment, which demonstrates, that the liberty of divorce does not contribute to happiness and virtue. The facility of separation would destroy all mutual confidence, and inflame every trifling dispute: the minute difference between a husband and a stranger, which might so easily be removed, might still more easily be forgotten; and the matron, who in five years can submit to the embraces of eight husbands, must cease to reverence the chastity of her own person. 125
Insufficient remedies followed with distant and tardy steps the rapid progress of the evil. The ancient worship of the Romans afforded a peculiar goddess to hear and reconcile the complaints of a married life; but her epithet of Viriplaca, 126 the appeaser of husbands, too clearly indicates on which side submission and repentance were always expected. Every act of a citizen was subject to the judgment of the censors; the first who used the privilege of divorce assigned, at their command, the motives of his conduct; 127 and a senator was expelled for dismissing his virgin spouse without the knowledge or advice of his friends. Whenever an action was instituted for the recovery of a marriage portion, the proetor, as the guardian of equity, examined the cause and the characters, and gently inclined the scale in favor of the guiltless and injured party. Augustus, who united the powers of both magistrates, adopted their different modes of repressing or chastising the license of divorce. 128 The presence of seven Roman witnesses was required for the validity of this solemn and deliberate act: if any adequate provocation had been given by the husband, instead of the delay of two years, he was compelled to refund immediately, or in the space of six months; but if he could arraign the manners of his wife, her guilt or levity was expiated by the loss of the sixth or eighth part of her marriage portion. The Christian princes were the first who specified the just causes of a private divorce; their institutions, from Constantine to Justinian, appear to fluctuate between the custom of the empire and the wishes of the church, 129 and the author of the Novels too frequently reforms the jurisprudence of the Code and Pandects. In the most rigorous laws, a wife was condemned to support a gamester, a drunkard, or a libertine, unless he were guilty of homicide, poison, or sacrilege, in which cases the marriage, as it should seem, might have been dissolved by the hand of the executioner. But the sacred right of the husband was invariably maintained, to deliver his name and family from the disgrace of adultery: the list of mortal sins, either male or female, was curtailed and enlarged by successive regulations, and the obstacles of incurable impotence, long absence, and monastic profession, were allowed to rescind the matrimonial obligation. Whoever transgressed the permission of the law, was subject to various and heavy penalties. The woman was stripped of her wealth and ornaments, without excepting the bodkin of her hair: if the man introduced a new bride into his bed, her fortune might be lawfully seized by the vengeance of his exiled wife. Forfeiture was sometimes commuted to a fine; the fine was sometimes aggravated by transportation to an island, or imprisonment in a monastery; the injured party was released from the bonds of marriage; but the offender, during life, or a term of years, was disabled from the repetition of nuptials. The successor of Justinian yielded to the prayers of his unhappy subjects, and restored the liberty of divorce by mutual consent: the civilians were unanimous, 130 the theologians were divided, 131 and the ambiguous word, which contains the precept of Christ, is flexible to any interpretation that the wisdom of a legislator can demand.
The freedom of love and marriage was restrained among the Romans by natural and civil impediments. An instinct, almost innate and universal, appears to prohibit the incestuous commerce 132 of parents and children in the infinite series of ascending and descending generations. Concerning the oblique and collateral branches, nature is indifferent, reason mute, and custom various and arbitrary. In Egypt, the marriage of brothers and sisters was admitted without scruple or exception: a Spartan might espouse the daughter of his father, an Athenian, that of his mother; and the nuptials of an uncle with his niece were applauded at Athens as a happy union of the dearest relations. The profane lawgivers of Rome were never tempted by interest or superstition to multiply the forbidden degrees: but they inflexibly condemned the marriage of sisters and brothers, hesitated whether first cousins should be touched by the same interdict; revered the parental character of aunts and uncles, *_0057 and treated affinity and adoption as a just imitation of the ties of blood. According to the proud maxims of the republic, a legal marriage could only be contracted by free citizens; an honorable, at least an ingenuous birth, was required for the spouse of a senator: but the blood of kings could never mingle in legitimate nuptials with the blood of a Roman; and the name of Stranger degraded Cleopatra and Berenice, 133 to live the concubines of Mark Antony and Titus. 134 This appellation, indeed, so injurious to the majesty, cannot without indulgence be applied to the manners, of these Oriental queens. A concubine, in the strict sense of the civilians, was a woman of servile or plebeian extraction, the sole and faithful companion of a Roman citizen, who continued in a state of celibacy. Her modest station, below the honors of a wife, above the infamy of a prostitute, was acknowledged and approved by the laws: from the age of Augustus to the tenth century, the use of this secondary marriage prevailed both in the West and East; and the humble virtues of a concubine were often preferred to the pomp and insolence of a noble matron. In this connection, the two Antonines, the best of princes and of men, enjoyed the comforts of domestic love: the example was imitated by many citizens impatient of celibacy, but regardful of their families. If at any time they desired to legitimate their natural children, the conversion was instantly performed by the celebration of their nuptials with a partner whose faithfulness and fidelity they had already tried. **_0057 By this epithet of natural, the offspring of the concubine were distinguished from the spurious brood of adultery, prostitution, and incest, to whom Justinian reluctantly grants the necessary aliments of life; and these natural children alone were capable of succeeding to a sixth part of the inheritance of their reputed father. According to the rigor of law, bastards were entitled only to the name and condition of their mother, from whom they might derive the character of a slave, a stranger, or a citizen. The outcasts of every family were adopted without reproach as the children of the state. 135 !_0057
99 See the Annales Politiques de l'Abbe de St. Pierre, tom. i. p. 25 who dates in the year 1735. The most ancient families claim the immemorial possession of arms and fiefs. Since the Crusades, some, the most truly respectable, have been created by the king, for merit and services. The recent and vulgar crowd is derived from the multitude of venal offices without trust or dignity, which continually ennoble the wealthy plebeians.
!_0054 Since the time of Gibbon, the House of Peers has been more than doubled: it is above 400, exclusive of the spiritual peers - a wise policy to increase the patrician order in proportion to the general increase of the nation. - M.
100 If the option of a slave was bequeathed to several legatees, they drew lots, and the losers were entitled to their share of his value; ten pieces of gold for a common servant or maid under ten years: if above that age, twenty; if they knew a trade, thirty; notaries or writers, fifty; midwives or physicians, sixty; eunuchs under ten years, thirty pieces; above, fifty; if tradesmen, seventy, (Cod. l. vi. tit. xliii. leg. 3.) These legal prices are generally below those of the market.
101 For the state of slaves and freedmen, see Institutes, l. i. tit. iii. - viii. l. ii. tit. ix. l. iii. tit. viii. ix. Pandects or Digest, l. i. tit. v. vi. l. xxxviii. tit. i. - iv., and the whole of the xlth book. Code, l. vi. tit. iv. v. l. vii. tit. i. - xxiii. Be it henceforward understood that, with the original text of the Institutes and Pandects, the correspondent articles in the Antiquities and Elements of Heineccius are implicitly quoted; and with the xxvii. first books of the Pandects, the learned and rational Commentaries of Gerard Noodt, (Opera, tom. ii. p. 1 - 590, the end. Lugd. Bat. 1724.)
102 See the patria potestas in the Institutes, (l. i. tit. ix.,) the Pandects, (l. i. tit. vi. vii.,) and the Code, (l. viii. tit. xlvii. xlviii. xlix.) Jus potestatis quod in liberos habemus proprium est civium Romanorum. Nulli enim alii sunt homines, qui talem in liberos habeant potestatem qualem nos habemus.
Note: The newly-discovered Institutes of Gaius name one nation in which the same power was vested in the parent. Nec me praeterit Galatarum gentem credere, in potestate parentum liberos esse. Gaii Instit. edit. 1824, p. 257. - M.
103 Dionysius Hal. l. ii. p. 94, 95. Gravina (Opp. p. 286) produces the words of the xii. tables. Papinian (in Collatione Legum Roman et Mosaicarum, tit. iv. p. 204) styles this patria potestas, lex regia: Ulpian (ad Sabin. l. xxvi. in Pandect. l. i. tit. vi. leg. 8) says, jus potestatis moribus receptum; and furiosus filium in potestate habebit How sacred - or rather, how absurd!
Note: All this is in strict accordance with the Roman character. - W.
!!_0055 This parental power was strictly confined to the Roman citizen. The foreigner, or he who had only jus Latii, did not possess it. If a Roman citizen unknowingly married a Latin or a foreign wife, he did not possess this power over his son, because the son, following the legal condition of the mother, was not a Roman citizen. A man, however, alleging sufficient cause for his ignorance, might raise both mother and child to the rights of citizenship. Gaius. p. 30. - M.
104 Pandect. l. xlvii. tit. ii. leg. 14, No. 13, leg. 38, No. 1. Such was the decision of Ulpian and Paul.
105 The trina mancipatio is most clearly defined by Ulpian, (Fragment. x. p. 591, 592, edit. Schulting;) and best illustrated in the Antiquities of Heineccius.
Note: The son of a family sold by his father did not become in every respect a slave, he was statu liber; that is to say, on paying the price for which he was sold, he became entirely free. See Hugo, Hist. Section 61 - W.
106 By Justinian, the old law, the jus necis of the Roman father (Institut. l. iv. tit. ix. No. 7) is reported and reprobated. Some legal vestiges are left in the Pandects (l. xliii. tit. xxix. leg. 3, No. 4) and the Collatio Legum Romanarum et Mosaicarum, (tit. ii. No. 3, p. 189.)
107 Except on public occasions, and in the actual exercise of his office. In publicis locis atque muneribus, atque actionibus patrum, jura cum filiorum qui in magistratu sunt potestatibus collata interquiescere paullulum et connivere, &c., (Aul. Gellius, Noctes Atticae, ii. 2.) The Lessons of the philosopher Taurus were justified by the old and memorable example of Fabius; and we may contemplate the same story in the style of Livy (xxiv. 44) and the homely idiom of Claudius Quadri garius the annalist.
108 See the gradual enlargement and security of the filial peculium in the Institutes, (l. ii. tit. ix.,) the Pandects, (l. xv. tit. i. l. xli. tit. i.,) and the Code, (l. iv. tit. xxvi. xxvii.)
109 The examples of Erixo and Arius are related by Seneca, (de Clementia, i. 14, 15,) the former with horror, the latter with applause.
110 Quod latronis magis quam patris jure eum interfecit, nam patria potestas in pietate debet non in atrocitate consistere, (Marcian. Institut. l. xix. in Pandect. l. xlviii. tit. ix. leg.5.)
111 The Pompeian and Cornelian laws de sicariis and parricidis are repeated, or rather abridged, with the last supplements of Alexander Severus, Constantine, and Valentinian, in the Pandects (l. xlviii. tit. viii ix,) and Code, (l. ix. tit. xvi. xvii.) See likewise the Theodosian Code, (l. ix. tit. xiv. xv.,) with Godefroy's Commentary, (tom. iii. p. 84 - 113) who pours a flood of ancient and modern learning over these penal laws.
112 When the Chremes of Terence reproaches his wife for not obeying his orders and exposing their infant, he speaks like a father and a master, and silences the scruples of a foolish woman. See Apuleius, (Metamorph. l. x. p. 337, edit. Delphin.)
113 The opinion of the lawyers, and the discretion of the magistrates, had introduced, in the time of Tacitus, some legal restraints, which might support his contrast of the boni mores of the Germans to the bonae leges alibi - that is to say, at Rome, (de Moribus Germanorum, c. 19.) Tertullian (ad Nationes, l. i. c. 15) refutes his own charges, and those of his brethren, against the heathen jurisprudence.
114 The wise and humane sentence of the civilian Paul (l. ii. Sententiarum in Pandect, 1. xxv. tit. iii. leg. 4) is represented as a mere moral precept by Gerard Noodt, (Opp. tom. i. in Julius Paulus, p. 567 - 558, and Amica Responsio, p. 591 - 606,) who maintains the opinion of Justus Lipsius, (Opp. tom. ii. p. 409, ad Belgas. cent. i. epist. 85,) and as a positive binding law by Bynkershoek, (de Jure occidendi Liberos, Opp. tom. i. p. 318 - 340. Curae Secundae, p. 391 - 427.) In a learned out angry controversy, the two friends deviated into the opposite extremes.
115 Dionys. Hal. l. ii. p. 92, 93. Plutarch, in Numa, p. 140-141.
116 Among the winter frunenta, the triticum, or bearded wheat; the siligo, or the unbearded; the far, adorea, oryza, whose description perfectly tallies with the rice of Spain and Italy. I adopt this identity on the credit of M. Paucton in his useful and laborious Metrologie, (p. 517 - 529.)
117 Aulus Gellius (Noctes Atticae, xviii. 6) gives a ridiculous definition of Aelius Melissus, Matrona, quae semel materfamilias quae saepius peperit, as porcetra and scropha in the sow kind. He then adds the genuine meaning, quae in matrimonium vel in manum convenerat.
118 It was enough to have tasted wine, or to have stolen the key of the cellar, (Plin. Hist. Nat. xiv. 14.)
119 Solon requires three payments per month. By the Misna, a daily debt was imposed on an idle, vigorous, young husband; twice a week on a citizen; once on a peasant; once in thirty days on a camel-driver; once in six months on a seaman. But the student or doctor was free from tribute; and no wife, if she received a weekly sustenance, could sue for a divorce; for one week a vow of abstinence was allowed. Polygamy divided, without multiplying, the duties of the husband, (Selden, Uxor Ebraica, l. iii. c 6, in his works, vol ii. p. 717 - 720.)
120 On the Oppian law we may hear the mitigating speech of Vaerius Flaccus, and the severe censorial oration of the elder Cato, (Liv. xxxiv. l - 8.) But we shall rather hear the polished historian of the eighth, than the rough orators of the sixth, century of Rome. The principles, and even the style, of Cato are more accurately preserved by Aulus Gellius, (x. 23.)
121 For the system of Jewish and Catholic matrimony, see Selden, Uxor Ebraica, Opp. vol. ii. p. 529 - 860,) Bingham, (Christian Antiquities, l. xxii.,) and Chardon, (Hist. des Sacremens, tom. vi.)
122 The civil laws of marriage are exposed in the Institutes, (l. i. tit. x.,) the Pandects, (l. xxiii. xxiv. xxv.,) and the Code, (l. v.;) but as the title de ritu nuptiarum is yet imperfect, we are obliged to explore the fragments of Ulpian (tit. ix. p. 590, 591,) and the Collatio Legum Mosaicarum, (tit. xvi. p. 790, 791,) with the notes of Pithaeus and Schulting. They find in the Commentary of Servius (on the 1st Georgia and the 4th Aeneid) two curious passages.
123 According to Plutarch, (p. 57,) Romulus allowed only three grounds of a divorce - drunkenness, adultery, and false keys. Otherwise, the husband who abused his supremacy forfeited half his goods to the wife, and half to the goddess Ceres, and offered a sacrifice (with the remainder?) to the terrestrial deities. This strange law was either imaginary or transient.
*_0056 Montesquieu relates and explains this fact in a different marnes Esprit des Loix, l. xvi. c. 16. - G.
124 In the year of Rome 523, Spurius Carvilius Ruga repudiated a fair, a good, but a barren, wife, (Dionysius Hal. l. ii. p. 93. Plutarch, in Numa, p. 141; Valerius Maximus, l. ii. c. 1; Aulus Gellius, iv. 3.) He was questioned by the censors, and hated by the people; but his divorce stood unimpeached in law.
125 - Sic fiunt octo mariti Quinque per autumnos. Juvenal, Satir. vi. 20.
A rapid succession, which may yet be credible, as well as the non consulum numero, sed maritorum annos suos computant, of Seneca, (de Beneficiis, iii. 16.) Jerom saw at Rome a triumphant husband bury his twenty-first wife, who had interred twenty-two of his less sturdy predecessors, (Opp. tom. i. p. 90, ad Gerontiam.) But the ten husbands in a month of the poet Martial, is an extravagant hyperbole, (l. 71. epigram 7.)
126 Sacellum Viriplacae, (Valerius Maximus, l. ii. c. 1,) in the Palatine region, appears in the time of Theodosius, in the description of Rome by Publius Victor.
127 Valerius Maximus, l. ii. c. 9. With some propriety he judges divorce more criminal than celibacy: illo namque conjugalia sacre spreta tantum, hoc etiam injuriose tractata.
128 See the laws of Augustus and his successors, in Heineccius, ad Legem Papiam-Poppaeam, c. 19, in Opp. tom. vi. P. i. p. 323 - 333.
129 Aliae sunt leges Caesarum, aliae Christi; aliud Papinianus, aliud Paulus nocter praecipit, (Jerom. tom. i. p. 198. Selden, Uxor Ebraica l. iii. c. 31 p. 847 - 853.)
130 The Institutes are silent; but we may consult the Codes of Theodosius (l. iii. tit. xvi., with Godefroy's Commentary, tom. i. p. 310 - 315) and Justinian, (l. v. tit. xvii.,) the Pandects (l. xxiv. tit. ii.) and the Novels, (xxii. cxvii. cxxvii. cxxxiv. cxl.) Justinian fluctuated to the last between civil and ecclesiastical law.
131 In pure Greek, it is not a common word; nor can the proper meaning, fornication, be strictly applied to matrimonial sin. In a figurative sense, how far, and to what offences, may it be extended? Did Christ speak the Rabbinical or Syriac tongue? Of what original word is the translation? How variously is that Greek word translated in the versions ancient and modern! There are two (Mark, x. 11, Luke, xvi. 18) to one (Matthew, xix. 9) that such ground of divorce was not excepted by Jesus. Some critics have presumed to think, by an evasive answer, he avoided the giving offence either to the school of Sammai or to that of Hillel, (Selden, Uxor Ebraica, l. iii. c. 18 - 22, 28, 31.)
Note: But these had nothing to do with the question of a divorce made by judicial authority. - Hugo.
132 The principles of the Roman jurisprudence are exposed by Justinian, (Institut. t. i. tit. x.;) and the laws and manners of the different nations of antiquity concerning forbidden degrees, &c., are copiously explained by Dr. Taylor in his Elements of Civil Law, (p. 108, 314 - 339,) a work of amusing, though various reading; but which cannot be praised for philosophical precision.
*_0057 According to the earlier law, (Gaii Instit. p. 27,) a man might marry his niece on the brother's, not on the sister's, side. The emperor Claudius set the example of the former. In the Institutes, this distinction was abolished and both declared illegal. - M.
133 When her father Agrippa died, (A.D. 44,) Berenice was sixteen years of age, (Joseph. tom. i. Antiquit. Judaic. l. xix. c. 9, p. 952, edit. Havercamp.) She was therefore above fifty years old when Titus (A.D. 79) invitus invitam invisit. This date would not have adorned the tragedy or pastoral of the tender Racine.
134 The Aegyptia conjux of Virgil (Aeneid, viii. 688) seems to be numbered among the monsters who warred with Mark Antony against Augustus, the senate, and the gods of Italy.
**_0057 The Edict of Constantine first conferred this right; for Augustus had prohibited the taking as a concubine a woman who might be taken as a wife; and if marriage took place afterwards, this marriage made no change in the rights of the children born before it; recourse was then had to adoption, properly called arrogation. - G.
135 The humble but legal rights of concubines and natural children are stated in the Institutes, (l. i. tit. x.,) the Pandects, (l. i. tit. vii.,) the Code, (l. v. tit. xxv.,) and the Novels, (lxxiv. lxxxix.) The researches of Heineccius and Giannone, (ad Legem Juliam et Papiam-Poppaeam, c. iv. p. 164 - 175. Opere Posthume, p. 108 - 158) illustrate this interesting and domestic subject.
!_0057 See, however, the two fragments of laws in the newly discovered extracts from the Theodosian Code, published by M. A. Peyron, at Turin. By the first law of Constantine, the legitimate offspring could alone inherit; where there were no near legitimate relatives, the inheritance went to the fiscus. The son of a certain Licinianus, who had inherited his father's property under the supposition that he was legitimate, and had been promoted to a place of dignity, was to be degraded, his property confiscated, himself punished with stripes and imprisonment. By the second, all persons, even of the highest rank, senators, perfectissimi, decemvirs, were to be declared infamous, and out of the protection of the Roman law, if born ex ancilla, vel ancillae filia, vel liberta, vel libertae filia, sive Romana facta, seu Latina, vel scaenicae filia, vel ex tabernaria, vel ex tabernariae filia, vel humili vel abjecta, vel lenonis, aut arenarii filia, vel quae mercimoniis publicis praefuit. Whatever a fond father had conferred on such children was revoked, and either restored to the legitimate children, or confiscated to the state; the mothers, who were guily of thus poisoning the minds of the fathers, were to be put to the torture (tormentis subici jubemus.) The unfortunate son of Licinianus, it appears from this second law, having fled, had been taken, and was ordered to be kept in chains to work in the Gynaeceum at Carthage. Cod. Theodor ab. A. Person, 87 - 90. - M. | <urn:uuid:649477f1-d1fd-4161-8885-0adb142a3fff> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://sacred-texts.com/cla/gibbon/04/daf04026.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719041.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00169-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962294 | 9,459 | 3.046875 | 3 |
A dilemma for the Great Barrier Reef’s ecosystem
SINCE scientists first raised the alarm 50 years ago about crown-of-thorns starfish chomping their way through the Great Barrier Reef, there have been three big outbreaks. A fourth, perhaps the most serious, is now under way. The Australian Institute of Marine Science rates the “massive explosion” of this lethal starfish strain as second only to cyclones as a cause of the reef’s decline. Several interventions, including fencing coral zones and using navy divers to remove starfish by hand, have in the past proved ineffectual. But scientists at James Cook University in Townsville, a city facing the reef, may finally have found a way to fight back.
Divers have started to inject starfish with a solution made of salts from cattle-bile. A single shot of the substance, discovered by chance during research into starfish diseases, triggers a lethal reaction. So far it has only been used in areas prized by divers and tourists for coral. It has killed more than 300,000 starfish in its first year of use.
Unfortunately, that is only a fraction of the tens of millions of crown-of-thorns starfish thought to inhabit the entire reef. The species has few predators, reproduces profusely and can devastate a reef in months. But it is also native to reefs throughout the Pacific and Indian oceans, raising questions about the impact on ecosystems of slaughtering them wholesale. Normally, their numbers are quite low. Strong evidence links population explosions to floods that wash high levels of nutrients from farms onto the reef.
Australia’s latest plan for the Great Barrier Reef, which it hopes will convince the World Heritage Committee not to classify it as endangered, sets targets to cut nitrogen loads in half by 2018 and by four-fifths seven years later. Some sugar-cane farmers along the reef have started cutting back on fertilisers and pesticides; more must follow if the plan is to work. The intensity of cyclones is predicted to rise, John Gunn, the head of the Australian Institute of Marine Science, points out. He argues that enlightened human intervention is essential if the Great Barrier Reef is to be saved from the combined threat of storms, nutrients and the plague of starfish.
This article appeared in the Asia section of the print edition under the headline "Coral-killers"
From the April 11th 2015 edition
Discover stories from this section and more in the list of contentsExplore the edition
But the countries are not in an arms race—yet
Yoon Suk-yeol, a former top prosecutor, would like his powers back
The prime minister has vowed to hold a referendum on the topic within three years | <urn:uuid:c2f0d5a3-5f3d-4303-b5dd-e52876d7d5aa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.economist.com/asia/2015/04/11/coral-killers | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.948763 | 565 | 3.484375 | 3 |
Functional Morphology of Reproductive Organs
Previously you have learnt about the essential features of sexual reproduction. In, this we shall learn about .the organs of reproduction: The organs that produce germ cells are known as gonads. The gonads that produce the sperm are called testis and that which form the eggs is known as the ovary.
Gonads are the primary sex organs found in ail the animals. In some primitive animals the gamete-producing tissues are diffuse, consisting of numerous scatted loci for the proliferation of sex cells. In all the more advanced animals the gonads are localised, and in the bilaterally symmetrical animals they arise as paired structures. Sometimes one of the gonads degenerates secondarily. The birds provide a familiar example with paired testis in the male and a single left ovary in most females. | <urn:uuid:caae6147-5a9f-4ed6-9736-182c26e9baba> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.expertsmind.com/questions/functional-morphology-of-reproductive-organs-30128212.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00391-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939966 | 174 | 3.71875 | 4 |
Apportionment Act of 1911
|Long title||An Act For the apportionment of Representatives in Congress among the several States under the Thirteenth Census.|
|Nicknames||Apportionment Act of 1911,
Public Law 62-5
|Enacted by||the 62nd United States Congress|
|Effective||March 4, 1913|
|Statutes at Large||37 Stat. 13|
|Acts amended||Apportionment Act of 1901|
|U.S.C. sections amended||2 USC §2a|
|Reapportionment Act of 1929|
|United States Supreme Court cases|
|Wood v. Broom (1932)
Connor v. Johnson (1966)
United States Dept. of Commerce v. Montana (1992)
The Apportionment Act of 1911 (Pub.L. 62–5, 37 Stat. 13) was an apportionment bill passed by the United States Congress on August 8, 1911. The law set the number of members of the United States House of Representatives at 435, effective with the 63rd Congress on March 4, 1913. This number included a provision for the addition of one seat each for Arizona and New Mexico when they became states.
The requirement for allocating United States Representatives is found in Article One, Section 2, Clause 3 of the United States Constitution. Following each ten-year census, Congress is required to create a law that establishes the process of apportionment for the next ten years. After the first census, Congress began to pass legislation to dictate the method of allotting U.S. Representatives to the states based on population (see Apportionment Act of 1792). The Jefferson method of apportionment had been in use after the first census of 1790 through the 1830 census, and required fractional remainders to be discarded when calculating each state's total number of U.S. Representatives. Daniel Webster proposed the Webster method, which was adopted for the 1840 census and allocated one representative to states with a fractional remainder greater than 0.5. Prior to the Apportionment Act of 1911, the Hamilton/Vinton (largest remainder) method had been used for this purpose since 1850. In addition to setting the number of U.S. Representatives at 435, the Apportionment Act of 1911 returned to the Webster method of apportionment of U.S. Representatives. Adopted in 1868, Section Two of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution had already removed the three-fifths method of counting slaves, and instead required "counting the whole number of all persons in each State."
|“||Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
Section 1. That after the third day of March, nineteen hundred and thirteen, the House of Representatives shall be composed of four hundred and thirty-three Members, to be apportioned among the several States as follows:
Section 2. That if the Territories of Arizona and New Mexico shall become States in the Union before the apportionment of Representatives under the next decennial census they shall have one Representative each, and if one of such Territories shall so become a State, such State shall have one Representative, which Representative or Representatives shall be in addition to the number four hundred and thirty-three, as provided in section one of this Act, and all laws and parts of laws in conflict with this section are to that extent hereby repealed.
Section 3. That in each State entitled under this apportionment to more than one Representative, the Representatives to the Sixty-third and each subsequent Congress shall be elected by districts composed of a contiguous and compact territory, and containing as nearly as practicable an equal number of inhabitants. The said districts shall be equal to the number of Representatives to which such State may be entitled in Congress, no district electing more than one Representative.
Section 4. That in case of an increase in the number of Representatives in any State under this apportionment such additional Representative or Representatives shall be elected by the State at large and the other Representatives by the districts now prescribed by law until such State shall be redistricted in the manner provided by the laws thereof and in accordance with the rules enumerated in section three of this Act; and if there be no change in the number of Representatives from a State, the Representatives thereof shall be elected from the districts now prescribed by law until such State shall be redistricted as herein prescribed.
Section 5. That candidates for Representative or Representatives to be elected at large in any State shall be nominated in the same manner as candidates for governor, unless otherwise provided by the laws of such State.
For the first and only time, Congress failed to pass an apportionment act after the 1920 census. This left the allocations of the Act of 1911 in place until the 1930 census. The Reapportionment Act of 1929 established a method for reallocating seats among the states, given population shifts and the maximum of 435 representatives. The Apportionment Act of 1941 made the apportionment process self-executing after each decennial census. This lifted Congress's responsibility to pass an apportionment act for each census, and ensured that the events surrounding the 1920 census would not happen again. The number of U.S. Representatives increased temporarily to 437 when Alaska and Hawaii were admitted as states during the 86th Congress (seating one member from each of those states without changing the apportionment of the other seats). After the 1960 census and the 1962 election, that number went back to 435.
- 3 Annals of Cong. 539 (1792)
- Act of Jan. 14, 1802, 2 Stat. 128
- Act of Dec. 21, 1811, 2 Stat. 669
- Act of Mar. 7, 1822, 3 Stat. 651
- Act of May 22, 1832, 4 Stat. 516
- Act of 1842, 5 Stat. 491
- Act of May 23, 1850, 9 Stat. 432-433
- Act of 1862, 12 Stat. 572
- Act of 1872, 17 Stat. 28
- Act of 1882, 22 Stat. 5
- Act of 1891
- Act of 1901, 31 Stat. 733
- Act of June 18, 1929, 46 Stat. 21
- Act of Nov. 15, 1941, 55 Stat. 761-762
- 72 Stat. 345
- 73 Stat. 8
- Member FAQ, "What is the size of the House of Representatives and how is it determined?" - Office of the Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives | <urn:uuid:f1b91454-3de4-406d-a59e-062f662819ed> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law_62-5 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721558.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00046-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.941388 | 1,371 | 3.640625 | 4 |
The word noun can be traced back to the Latin word nomen which literally means name. A noun is any word that can be used as the subject of a sentence, can be referred to with a pronoun, and indicates an entity, quality, state, action, or idea. Latin nouns function similarly to English nouns, however, as Latin is an inflected language, Latin nouns change to indicate their use in a sentence.
Latin nouns belong to any one of five declensions, each with its own set of case endings. Proper translation of a noun starts with knowing to which declension the noun belongs and then an identification of the noun’s ending to discover its use in a sentence. A Latin dictionary is invaluable not only as a lexicon of word meanings, but as a tool to learn word/declension pairings. Consider the following Latin dictionary entry:
Femina –ae, f. a female, woman
Noun entries in a Latin dictionary are listed alphabetically by their nominative singular case. The –ae entry is the genitive singular ending to the noun (as in feminae) and tells us that femina belongs to the first declension. The f indicates that femina is a feminine noun. Of course, the remainder tells us that the word can be translated as either female or woman.
In this particular example, it is obvious that femina is a feminine noun. Although most first declension nouns are feminine, not all are. This is a fact that becomes important when an adjective modifies the noun. Consider the following example:
Nauta –ae, m. a sailor, mariner
Notice that the genitive case is given as –ae but the noun is masculine. Given a general sense of Roman gender roles, it is easy to understand why a word for sailor would be a masculine. This is one of those situations where assuming that a word with the form nautae in the genitive must be a feminine noun can lead to confusion. Now consider this example:
Civitas –atis, f. citizenship, state, commonwealth
The –atis ending in the genitive reveals that civitas is a third declension noun. However, third declension nouns are commonly masculine, feminine, or neuter. There is no way of knowing without memorizing the gender of each third declension noun. Unlike the first declension where nouns are usually feminine with relatively few exceptions, the genitive of the third declension gives no indication of the word’s gender. It is wise to get into the practice of memorizing a noun’s gender when it is learned so that looking up a word every time it is encountered can be avoided.
Unlike English, the gender of a noun is important because adjectives that modify nouns must agree in case and number but not necessarily in form. For example, to modify the word for sailor with the word evil, the following form is used:
Nauta malus (the evil sailor)
Latin gender can be tricky for students because unlike English, gender matters. English does occasionally use gender pronouns when referring to inanimate objects such as she when referring to a boat, as in, “That boat? She is in great shape." However, Latin is unforgiving to the student who does not know the gender of every noun. | <urn:uuid:93fbb166-945d-434e-8a22-7a2db716233f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.brighthubeducation.com/learning-translating-latin/16754-how-to-look-up-nouns-in-a-latin-dictionary/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285289.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00148-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946095 | 689 | 4.25 | 4 |
Schools in Imperial
Imperial is the largest and fastest growing city owing to its central location in the Imperial Valley Area in the state of California. Its proximity to the desert makes it a popular tourist destination and its large variety of bird species makes it a favorite place of bird watchers and animal enthusiasts. As it is a bustling city center, Schools in Imperial are some of the highest standard institutes in the Imperial Valley area. The city is filled with a number of quality establishments for higher education. These colleges and universities offer some of the best Degree Programs in Imperial. | <urn:uuid:55f7a338-6c6e-4b5b-b223-72bb96c1391e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.higheredu.com/states/california/imperial | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.951819 | 114 | 2 | 2 |
Author Affiliations: Sections of Dermatology (Drs Kamińska and Petronic-Rosic) and Hematology/Oncology (Dr Larson), Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
Background Diffuse alopecia areata or canities subita is a rare variant of alopecia in which hair loss is associated with regrowth of white hairs and possible lightening of the skin. Preferential loss of pigmented hair in this disorder may be related to the melanin pigment system and/or melanocytes. Acquired generalized anhidrosis can be associated with autoimmune disease, cancer, graft-vs-host disease, or medications or can be idiopathic. Extensive anhidrosis may cause hyperpyrexia on exposure to heat, and protection from overheating is essential.
Observations A 38-year-old man with idiopathic autoimmune aplastic anemia developed permanent diffuse skin and hair whitening and generalized anhidrosis after a successful allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Results of a histopathologic examination, which has previously not been reported in this disease, demonstrated a complete lack of epidermal and follicular melanocytes and a dense perifollicular and periadnexal lymphocytic infiltrate.
Conclusions The hair- and skin-lightening phenomena in diffuse alopecia areata may be the result of an overstimulated immune system that targets epidermal and follicular melanocytes. Destruction results in irreversible pigmentary loss of the skin. In a patient with multiple risk factors for anhidrosis, a specific cause may be difficult to determine.
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease characterized by patchy hair loss. Diffuse alopecia areata or canities subita is a rare variant in which hair loss is associated with regrowth of white hairs and possible lightening of the skin. The pathophysiology of alopecia areata is not completely understood; however, preferential loss of pigmented hair in this disorder has led some experts to hypothesize that the autoimmune target in alopecia areata may be related to the melanin pigment system and/or melanocytes. Acquired generalized anhidrosis can be associated with autoimmune disease, cancer, graft vs host disease (GVHD), or medications or can be idiopathic. Regardless of the cause, extensive anhidrosis may cause hyperpyrexia on exposure to heat, and protection from overheating is essential. We herein report a case of alopecia areata with diffuse skin and hair whitening and generalized anhidrosis.
A 38-year-old man with a history of hypothyroidism and idiopathic autoimmune aplastic anemia that became refractory to multiple immunomodulatory medications (antithymocyte globulin, cyclosporine, methylprednisolone sodium succinate, and mycophenolate mofetil hydrochloride) and required frequent blood transfusions underwent an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant 18 months before presenting for evaluation of diffuse hair whitening and generalized anhidrosis. Eighteen months earlier, he had received chemotherapy with fludarabine phosphate, alemtuzumab, and melphalan hydrochloride as preparation for a matched unrelated-donor stem cell transplant. During and immediately after chemotherapy he had his normal brown hair; 2 weeks later, he experienced hair loss all over his body consistent with anagen effluvium, followed by regrowth of brown hair. Six months later, a bout of patchy loss of pigmented hair occurred on the face, scalp, and body within 24 hours. This shedding was followed by a decreased density and uneven regrowth of completely white hair. Eighteen months after the transplant, the white hairs persisted (Figure 1); he had complete anhidrosis and excessively dry skin. He denied decreased tear or saliva production. His therapeutic course had been previously complicated by mild chronic GVHD with an erythematous and pruritic rash, eosinophilia, and loose stools.
Figure 1. Diffuse alopecia sequence of events. A, Photograph of the patient immediately after completing chemotherapy for preparation of stem cell transplant; 2 weeks later the patient experienced anagen effluvium, followed by regrowth of brown hair. B, Active shedding of brown hair 6 months after chemotherapy that occurred within 24 hours, followed by regrowth of all white hair (the patient shaved to minimize hair loss). C, Eighteen months after chemotherapy, white hairs persisted and patchy hair loss (insets) continued.
On physical examination, depigmented hairs were found on the entire body surface with irregular thinning of the scalp and facial hairs, including eyelashes. Exclamation point hairs were visible on the scalp. Wiry hairs were observed on the extremities and trunk. The skin appeared mildly erythematous, xerotic, and devoid of pigment. Results of a punch biopsy on the right arm showed vacuolization of the basal layer and satellite cell necrosis in the epidermis, which was consistent with a diagnosis of GVHD. Eccrine glands with thick basement membranes and hair follicles surrounded by lymphocytes were also noted (Figure 2A). Immunohistochemical staining with melan A and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor demonstrated a specimen completely devoid of melanocytes (Figure 2B).
Figure 2. Results of a punch biopsy from the right arm. A, Hematoxylin-eosin–dense lymphocytic infiltrates surround a hair follicle and eccrine glands (original magnification ×100). B, Immunohistochemical microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) staining reveals internal control of mast cells highlighted with brown (original magnification ×200); no melanocytes were noted with MITF and melan-A stain (not shown).
The patient was treated for cutaneous GVHD with topical triamcinolone acetonide ointment, 0.1%, twice a day as needed; he was informed that the white hairs and depigmented skin were likely permanent. In addition, he was advised that he must prevent himself from overheating because of the anhidrosis and that he must wear sun protection regularly.
Diffuse alopecia areata followed by white, depigmented hair regrowth has been reported as early as 83 CE during the Babylonian Talmud era.1 Other names for this disease include Marie Antoinette syndrome, named after the queen whose hair reputedly turned white the night before her guillotine execution during the French revolution; canities subita ; and sudden or rapid whitening of the hair. Several case reports of sudden hair whitening from as early as 30 minutes to several weeks after a stressful event or nonautoimmune disease have been described.2- 6 The pathophysiology is not completely understood, but a 2-step mechanism has been proposed.1 First, the pilar unit is transformed from one that produces pigmented hair to one that produces nonpigmented hair; the pigmented telogen hairs are rapidly shed, and the new anagen hairs are depigmented. Next, the sudden whitening may be attributed to the retention of preexisting white hairs and abrupt selective shedding of the pigmented hairs. Synchronous lengthening of the white hairs during regrowth provides the final appearance. Therefore, unlike classic alopecia areata, diffuse alopecia areata may not be associated with the typical circular patches of alopecia areata or progression to alopecia totalis or alopecia universalis. However, a rapid loss of pigmented hairs and a general thinning of the scalp and body hairs followed by regrowth of white hairs are observed.
Alopecia areata might be a disease of differentiating cortical keratinocytes, the failure of pigmentation in the regrowing white hair may be a postinflammatory reaction, and the pigmentary mechanisms in the hair bulb might contribute to the pathogenesis.7 Cases of alopecia areata can demonstrate abnormal melanoblasts and melanogenesis,8 and pigmented hairs are preferentially targeted, whereas depigmented hairs are preserved within evolving patches.9 Depigmented hairs may persist.10 These findings and others suggest that the autoimmune target in alopecia areata may be related to the melanin pigment system and/or the melanocytes.11,12 Observations in mouse models indicate that the induction of T-cell–mediated immunity against hair follicle melanocytes causes alopecia areata and may be accompanied by vitiligolike coat color change.13 In addition, decreased numbers of follicular melanocytes are documented in patients with alopecia areata.12 The skin-lightening phenomenon may also be a result of the proposed defect or destruction of the melanin pigment system and melanocytes; therefore, diffuse alopecia areata may overlap with or encompass vitiligo in its disease course.
Generalized vitiligo and leukotrichia have been described in patients with GVHD and those undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant or donor lymphocyte infusion.14- 16 Alopecia areata in the ophiasis pattern was observed in a single patient with vitiligo and GVHD.16 In contrast to the present case, these reports describe a gradual progression of vitiligo with patches of normal pigmentation visible on examination. Consistent with previous reports of diffuse alopecia, our patient's hair turned white overnight (no progression to leukoderma), with no evidence of normal pigmentation. Total leukoderma has also been described as a rare complication of GVHD and hematopoietic stem cell transplant15; however, associated hair loss was not observed. Our patient had an acute (24-hour) patchy hair loss of pigmented hairs all over his body. Unlike diffuse alopecia areata, vitiligo causes destruction of melanocytes resulting in depigmented patches of skin and leukotrichia, but it is not associated with hair loss. Melanocyte destruction caused by autoimmune reactions triggered by chronic GVHD may have contributed to a diffuse alopecia areata–like phenotype in this patient. A similar pathophysiologic process has been suggested for vitiligo in patients with chronic GVHD and a history of hematopoietic stem cell transplant.16
Chemotherapy has also been associated with alopecia areata or skin and hair depigmentation. Recurring alopecia areata in a patient receiving paclitaxel and carboplatin was presumed to be related to the autoimmune changes instigated by rather than a direct effect of the chemotherapy.17 Inhibitors of c- kit tyrosine kinase are known to cause hair and skin depigmentation that is usually reversible on cessation of the therapy.18- 21 In the present case, irreversible skin and hair whitening began after 6 months and occurred within 24 hours; the patient had a history of autoimmune disease and did not have exposure to paclitaxel, carboplatin, or c- kit tyrosine kinase inhibitors. In addition, histopathologic findings demonstrated a complete lack of epidermal and follicular melanocytes, further supporting the theory that melanocytes may be the autoimmune target in alopecia areata.
Acquired generalized anhidrosis has been associated with subclinical Sjögren syndrome, GVHD, or medications or may be idiopathic.22- 24 In chronic GVHD, complete sweat gland destruction with fibrosis may be observed and, less frequently, squamous metaplasia and dilation of the sweat glands.23 Drugs that induce hypohidrosis (deficient sweating) include antimuscarinic anticholinergic agents, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, and tricyclic antidepressants.24 Although a lymphocytic infiltrate surrounding the eccrine glands could be consistent with an autoimmune anhidrosis, a definitive cause of the anhidrosis could not be confirmed in this patient. Patients with anhidrosis should avoid factors that produce thermal stress; if a primary cause is determined, it should be treated.
Finally, adnexal involvement in chronic GVHD, including different types of scarring and nonscarring alopecia and impairment of sweating, is a constant finding in up to 80% of patients with chronic GVHD.25 Therefore, in a patient with a known genetic predisposition, chronic GVHD may act as a triggering factor for the appearance of autoantibodies and autoimmune diseases. Diffuse alopecia areata is an uncommon type of alopecia areata that dermatologists should be able to recognize and diagnose. Although the pathophysiology of alopecia areata and its variants has not been completely elucidated, autoimmune targets such as follicular melanocytes likely play a role. Further studies are necessary to confirm these findings.
Correspondence: Vesna Petronic-Rosic, MD, MSc, Sections of Dermatology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, 5841 S Maryland Ave, Mail Code 5067, Chicago, IL 60637 (email@example.com).
Accepted for Publication: January 21, 2012.
Author Contributions: All authors had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Study concept and design: Petronic-Rosic. Acquisition of data: Larson and Petronic-Rosic. Analysis and interpretation of data: Kamińska, Larson, and Petronic-Rosic. Drafting of the manuscript: Kamińska. Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Kamińska, Larson, and Petronic-Rosic. Administrative, technical, and material support: Larson. Study supervision: Kamińska, Larson, and Petronic-Rosic.
Financial Disclosure: None reported.
Kamińska ECN, Larson RA, Petronic-Rosic V. Amelanocytic Anhidrotic Alopecia Areata-like Phenotype After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant. Arch Dermatol. 2012;148(8):931-934. doi:10.1001/archdermatol.2012.335 | <urn:uuid:d0ddadc2-73d0-46fa-9470-6a11f27aadb9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/1352001 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00454-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.918602 | 3,035 | 2.125 | 2 |
*Includes pictures *Includes quotes by people interned and administration officials in charge of the internment *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading *Includes a table of contents “I don't want any of them here. They are a dangerous element. There is no way to determine their loyalty... It makes no difference whether he is an American citizen, he is still a Japanese. Am...
Paperback: 58 pages
Publisher: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform (April 15, 2016)
Product Dimensions: 6 x 0.1 x 9 inches
Amazon Rank: 160551
Format: PDF ePub Text djvu book
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I finished reading Executive Order 9066: The History of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's Controversial Decision to Intern Japanese American Citizens During World War II. The book is well written, short but concise. I highly rate the book; but, my ...
zenship does not necessarily determine loyalty... But we must worry about the Japanese all the time until he is wiped off the map.” – General John L. DeWitt, head of the Western Command All Americans are familiar with the “day that will live in infamy.” At 9:30 a.m. on Sunday, December 7, 1941, Pearl Harbor, the advanced base of the United States Navy’s Pacific Fleet, was ablaze. It had been smashed by aircraft launched by the carriers of the Imperial Japanese Navy. All eight battleships had been sunk or badly damaged, 350 aircraft had been knocked out, and over 2,000 Americans lay dead. Indelible images of the USS Arizona exploding and the USS Oklahoma capsizing and floating upside down have been ingrained in the American conscience ever since. In less than an hour and a half the Japanese had almost wiped out America’s entire naval presence in the Pacific. Even before Congress declared war on Japan the day after Pearl Harbor, the implications for people of Japanese ancestry living in the United States had begun. On December 7th, several hundred Issei, or first-generation Japanese immigrants, were arrested in Hawaii and on the mainland, having been earlier identified by the FBI as potentially disloyal to the United States. In the months that followed, the scope of suspicion would expand to include all of the 125,000 Japanese living on the mainland, and, though a smaller percentage, many in Hawaii as well. By the time the war ended, the period of internment of Japanese immigrants and citizens, lasting from 1941-1945, was considered one of the most unfortunate episodes of American history. Many government officials in the immediate aftermath of the war era continued to defend internment, citing the possibility of attack and the need to protect Americans at all costs. There were many Americans, however, whose rights as citizens went unprotected, and political arguments aside, no American can fail to acknowledge the costs of internment to Nikkei families, physically, financially, socially and psychologically. Executive Order 9066: The History of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Controversial Decision to Intern Japanese American Citizens During World War II examines one of the darkest chapters in American history. Along with pictures of important people, places, and events, you will learn about the decision to intern Japanese Americans like never before. | <urn:uuid:591d6790-77db-4131-b0e2-62666561264c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://unblistered.duckdns.org/page/executive-order-9066-the-history-of-president-franklin-d-roosevelt-s-controversial-decision-to-intern-japanese-american-citizens-during-world-war-ii | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570741.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808001418-20220808031418-00065.warc.gz | en | 0.920753 | 917 | 1.679688 | 2 |
The CMD169P4 (5 – 7 GHz), CMD170P4 (7.5 – 9 GHz) and CMD171P4 (9.5 – 11 GHz) each have an output 1 dB compression point of greater than +28 dBm, with gain levels from 20 to 30 dB. All three designs require only positive bias, thereby eliminating the need for costly and complicated sequencing circuitry. They also offer an on-chip detector for applications where power leveling is required. The amplifiers are housed in Pb-free RoHs compliant 4x4 QFN plastic packages and are 50-ohm matched on the input and output ports. DC blocks are not required.
To download the full datasheets from the Custom MMIC Amplifiers Design Library .
Visit Custom MMIC at www.custommmic.com | <urn:uuid:6a4f4127-74a5-4535-a3d0-6235fabd23cb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.edn-europe.com/news/gaas-mmic-power-amplifiers-cover-5-11ghz-range | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00512-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.864637 | 170 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Digital restoration and typesetter forensicsFri Dec 13 15:39:40 EST 2013
Dave Brailsford, Steve Bagley and I [Brian W. Kernighan] have been working for some months on reconstructing a never-published paper from 1980 that gives an account of what we hope is some really interesting reverse-engineering and some insight into early work on digital typesetting.
The original paper, by Joe Condon, Brian Kernighan and Ken Thompson, was entitled "Experience with the Mergenthaler Linotron 202 Phototypesetter, or, How We Spent Our Summer Vacation." It was suppressed by Bell Labs at the time, probably on valid grounds that it might be revealing someone else's proprietary information. But that was then, and the paper is now freely available.
original paper scanned from a printed version
reconstructed paper in PDF
Our paper describing the reconstruction was published in the proceedings of DocEng 2013, in Florence, Italy, in September 2013:
Revisiting a Summer Vacation: Digital Restoration and Typesetter Forensics
David Brailsford has a couple of interesting videos that talk more about the background and the work itself: | <urn:uuid:ff7e4094-0bf2-45d6-a502-1eae295c5d71> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://doc.cat-v.org/unix/typesetting/digital-restoration-and-typesetter-forensics/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.906741 | 297 | 1.796875 | 2 |
posted by sammy at 4:55 PM
You belong to an exceptional generation of postwar writers, who defined American literature for almost half a century: Bellow, Styron, Updike, Doctorow, DeLillo. What made this golden age happen and what made it great? Did you feel, in your active years, that these writers were competition or did you feel kinship — or both? And why were there so few female writers with equal success in that same period? Finally: What is your opinion of the state of contemporary American fiction now?
I agree that it’s been a good time for the novel in America, but I can’t say I know what accounts for it. Maybe it is the absence of certain things that somewhat accounts for it. The American novelist’s indifference to, if not contempt for, “critical” theory. Aesthetic freedom unhampered by all the high-and-mighty isms and their humorlessness. (Can you think of an ideology capable of corrective self-satire, let alone one that wouldn’t want to sink its teeth into an imagination on the loose?) Writing that is uncontaminated by political propaganda — or even political responsibility. The absence of any “school” of writing. In a place so vast, no single geographic center from which the writing originates. Anything but a homogeneous population, no basic national unity, no single national character, social calm utterly unknown, even the general obtuseness about literature, the inability of many citizens to read any of it with even minimal comprehension, confers a certain freedom. And surely the fact that writers really don’t mean a goddamn thing to nine-tenths of the population doesn’t hurt. It’s inebriating.
Very little truthfulness anywhere, antagonism everywhere, so much calculated to disgust, the gigantic hypocrisies, no holding fierce passions at bay, the ordinary viciousness you can see just by pressing the remote, explosive weapons in the hands of creeps, the gloomy tabulation of unspeakable violent events, the unceasing despoliation of the biosphere for profit, surveillance overkill that will come back to haunt us, great concentrations of wealth financing the most undemocratic malevolents around, science illiterates still fighting the Scopes trial 89 years on, economic inequities the size of the Ritz, indebtedness on everyone’s tail, families not knowing how bad things can get, money being squeezed out of every last thing — that frenzy — and (by no means new) government hardly by the people through representative democracy but rather by the great financial interests, the old American plutocracy worse than ever.
You have 300 million people on a continent 3,000 miles wide doing the best they can with their inexhaustible troubles. We are witnessing a new and benign admixture of races on a scale unknown since the malignancy of slavery. I could go on and on. It’s hard not to feel close to existence here. This is not some quiet little corner of the world.
posted by sammy at 4:55 PM | <urn:uuid:e12d680c-d7c4-45e7-8b4f-172e7cfe9bb9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://blog.familylosangeles.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00350-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942508 | 651 | 1.523438 | 2 |
Third Essay Assignment
The Triangle Fire and Reform
There are two parts to the third assignment. For part A, please write a four page essay on the topic given below. Cite at least three of the readings in your essay. For Part B, pleas write a two page report on one of the figures listed below.
“If it is said that there are some persons in our time who have become rapidly and in a great degree rich, it is true; it if is said that large aggregations of wealth in the control of individuals is a social danger, it is not true. . . “.(William Graham Sumner)
“Wall Street owns the country. It is no longer a government of the people, by the people, and for the people, but a government of Wall Street, by Wall Street, and for Wall Street. The great common people of this country are slaves, and monopoly is the master. The West and South are bound and prostrate before the manufacturing East. Money rules, and our Vice-President is a London banker. Our laws are the output of a system which clothes rascals in robes and honesty in rags. The [political] parties lie to us and the political speakers mislead us. We were told two years ago to go to work and raise a big crop, that was all we needed. We went to work and plowed and planted; the rains fell, the sun shone, nature smiled, and we raised the big crop that they told us to; and what came of it? Eight-cent corn, ten-cent oats, two-cent beef and no price at all for butter and eggs-that’s what came of it. The politicians said we suffered from overproduction. Overproduction, when 10,000 little children, so statistics tell us, starve to death every year in the United States, and over 100,000 shopgirls in New York are forced to sell their virtue for the bread.”(Mary Ellen Lease, qtd. In Zinn)
“The price which society pays for the law of competition, like the price it pays for cheap comforts and luxuries, is great; but the advantages of this law are also greater still than its cost — for it is to this law that we owe our wonderful material development, which brings improved conditions in its train. But, whether the law be benign or not, we must say of it: It is here; we cannot evade it; no substitutes for it have been found; and while the law may be sometimes hard for the individual, it is best for the race, because it ensures the survival of the fittest in every department.”(Andrew Carnegie)
“Do you ever stop to think that nearly everything else you wear is the product of some poor girl’s hard work, who at least should be entitled to equal consideration with the birds?”(Rose Schneiderman)
There was a clear conflict between the thinking represented by Sumner and Carnegie and that represented by many of the working people and farmers of time. It was a battle of sorts between more traditional conservative defender of limited government and laissez faire capitalism against progressive reformers, working class organizations, and farmers’ organizations over the direction American society would go. I want you to discuss this conflict, trying to be fair to all sides, and take critical stand on the issue. Of course you own thoughts are important and most welcome, but be sure to ground your discussion in the texts and support your thinking as fully as possible. The essay, that is, is an argument and not a report.
Pick one of the figures below and write a two page report on that figure.
Clara Lemlich, Rose Schneiderma, Pauline Newman, Frances Perkins, Alfred E. Smith, Senator Robert Wagner, Ida Tarbell, Henry Demarest Lloyd, Ignatius Donnolly, Mary Ellen Lease, Tom Watson, Eugene Debs, Robert LaFollette, Albert and Lucy Parson, Upton Sinclair, Emma Goldman, Jacob Rills, Henry George, Helen Keller | <urn:uuid:da95f862-81d0-44e0-b4cd-0adc287e7110> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.idealessaywriters.com/do-you-ever-stop-to-think-that-nearly-everything-else-you-wear-is-the-product-of-some-poor-girls-hard-work-who-at-least-should-be-entitled-to-equal-consideration-with-the-birds/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00033-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960077 | 839 | 2.4375 | 2 |
We may receive a commission when you use our affiliate links. However, this does not affect our recommendations.
My son Oliver has been fascinated by my carpentry projects for years, but he has always resisted the idea of building something of his own. I decided to take advantage of his love of Halloween to come up with a basic idea that he could make almost entirely himself: a pumpkin.
Part of Oliver’s reluctance was a strong dislike of loud noises. Preparing him with good ear protection and being careful with the tools I chose helped to overcome his previous problems. I also made him do only things he felt comfortable doing – there is a time and place to push new skills, but right now the focus was only on the beginning. I chose the circular saw because it is a great tool for beginners; it’s not particularly intimidating and the chances of injury are (relatively) low. It is also a tool that it can grow with and that we can use in subsequent projects, like a snowman during the winter holidays.
I tried to give it as much control as possible during the project. He chose the piece of wood, drew the pumpkin and painted the face himself. Even on the steps where I helped him, I made sure he was involved in some compactness. Follow below as he makes his first project.
Here are some supplies and tools that we find essential in our daily shop work. We may receive a commission from sales reported by our links; however, we have carefully selected these products for their usefulness and quality. | <urn:uuid:91427a82-460e-4d40-8dcf-375705390f48> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://homedecoronlinetips.com/woodworking-with-kids-make-a-pumpkin/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.990876 | 318 | 1.851563 | 2 |
SIP Telephone in Singapore
Grow Your Business Exponentially with SIP Telephone in Singapore
Cater to your fast-growing business communication needs with SIP telephony in Singapore. Get high voice quality and clarity without investing in trunk cards. A single day activation guaranteed!
What is SIP Telephony?
SIP or Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is a communications protocol that comes effective in managing multimedia communication sessions like during a video or voice call. Thus, while VOIP is essentially meant only for voice messages, SIP also helps business transmit and receive video messages, thus providing a rich communication experience. Similar to VOIP services, SIP telephony also helps you in cutting down the costs while delivering a richer end-to-end experience.
Since SIP telephony happens over an active internet connection, all you need is a SIP client on your device and a SIP address. There are no other costs involves. What’s more? SIP services in Singapore also help you in having free intra-company calls across multiple office sites, thus proving to be cost-effective.
SIP solutions are scalable. Thus, they are a right fit for every business, irrespective of its size. Starting from a base of 10 channels, you can gradually scale up the channels in blocks of 5 channels and grow up to 1,000 channels on a single SIP trunk in accordance with your business needs.
Unlike traditional telephony system, you will not lose your existing numbers on switching to a different services provider. Thus, keep your business’ telephonic identity intact, no matter what!
Eliminates overlapping networks and their costs
Say goodbye to the hassles of operating and maintaining both telephone and data voice networks. One IP-based network is enough to handle multiple digital streaming, thus, eliminating the issues related to adding physical infrastructure for additional employees.
Operate without geographic constraints
SIP trunking allows you to operate without any geographical constraints related to telephone numbers. Businesses can choose to use local telephone area codes within each city, all that is required is an active internet connection.
Known for its reliability and survivability, SIP telephony helps businesses handle the unexpected service interruptions by re-routing the incoming calls to the cell phones, branch offices, and voice mail boxes.
Key Features of SIPTEL SIP Telephony System
SME or a large enterprise? Do you need a robust yet economic communication solution? Do you have overseas clients and are looking for a reliable telephone system which is safe and secure at the same time? Well, SIPTEL has got you covered!
Our advanced technology makes sure that you experience a 99.99% uptime along with flexibility and responsiveness.
Unlike various other VoIP services providers which provide no guarantee on class of service, SIPTEL makes sure that the SIP voice is delivered through a class A connection in real time, thus assuring of the best voice quality and security.
Switching to SIP voice and worries that you would need to change all your telephone numbers? Well, no! SIP supports number portability, thus allowing you to retain your existing numbers, making sure that your business processes are not disrupted anytime.
Do you want to add more phone extensions, or cut the existing ones? Whatever you need, SIPTEL takes care of all your needs. What’s more? You don’t have to invest extra on hardware, thus proving to be convenient and cost-effective in all aspects.
Never miss a call even when you are away from your desk. With SIP calling, you can choose to reroute the calls from your phone to your mobile phone or to another extension. Thus, you no longer need to worry about losing a deal just because you were away. | <urn:uuid:fddbf2c6-67ab-4ca7-848d-7050693c86c6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.siptel.io/sip-telephone-in-singapore.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.93901 | 819 | 1.53125 | 2 |
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