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Routine screening of blood samples for viral RNA among organ and tissue donors who show no signs of sickness may reduce risk of disease transmission among transplant recipients, say researchers according to a new study. Testing for the presence of blood antibodies to diseases such as HIV or hepatitis C is the usual method of screening. However, this method is limited. Some donors may be infected with a virus but show a full immune response.
For the study 2,236 organ donors, 636 tissue donors, and 177 cornea donors were involved to determine whether nucleic acid testing (NAT) could identify HIV or hepatitis C RNA in donors who tested negative for viral antibodies.mResults showed five positives for hepatitis C (HCV) RNA among the organ donors and one positive for hepatitis C RNA among tissue donors. There were no positive results for HIV RNA among the donors who tested negative for the antibodies.
AdvertisementThus reported cases of [hepatitis C virus] transmission to recipients from a seronegative HCV-RNA positive donor suggest that routine NAT screening of organ and tissue donors might increase viral safety in the transplantation setting. | <urn:uuid:55cf2943-8fcd-424d-9fd8-a36f32b8cd1b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.medindia.net/news/view_news_main.asp?x=3055 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00301-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936257 | 224 | 3.28125 | 3 |
This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables.
Dr Michaels has prepared a worthwhile addition to the ophthalmic literature. In a unique format that divides his subject matter into three areas—basics, techniques, and evaluation, he presents a comprehensive look at the subject of refraction from both the practical and didactic points of view. The reader is permitted to pick and choose what interests him, since the discussions of individual topics are not usually interdependent.
Basics includes the nature of light, basic and lens optics, practical ophthalmic and physiological optics, as well as application of optical principles in the correction of ametropia. These are all discussed at a level appropriate to ophthalmologists, not mathematicians or physicists.
I found the section on technique especially well written and practical. It is my guess that Dr Michaels is an astute clinician and perceptive student of human behavior. The sections titled "Refraction, Common Sense, and Psychophysics" and "Introduction to Subjective Refraction"
Garcia GE. Visual Optics and Refraction: A Clinical Approach. Arch Ophthalmol. 1976;94(7):1240. doi:10.1001/archopht.1976.03910040144028 | <urn:uuid:09530d92-3b6a-4302-b92a-3ccd6f0a68be> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaophthalmology/article-abstract/631871 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281151.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00116-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.90974 | 274 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Cleaning firehouses rescue zone Riverland - periodic maintenance.
There are two types of fire stations. The different types of fire stations are determined on the basis of the frequency and the intensity of the use of the fire station:
- Type 1: Not frequent and frequency of use of the fire station. This post is only a volunteer corps and there is no or a very limited daily presence of the staff. The verbuilingsgraad of this item is so low.
- Type 2: Frequent and intensive use of the fire station. This post has both volunteers and professional staff. There is daily staff present in the mail. The pollution like to take this post is so average.
Depending on the type of the fire station is a separate cleaning / maintenance program.
Submission of applications.
Clean buses and trams for Line entity East Flanders.
It is a framework contract for 4 years.
Also, the candidate is required to the depots, which were added to the bezichtingsbewijs attached, to visit. Candidates must have the opportunity to visit the depots on the following dates: Wednesday, January 11, Wednesday, January 25 and Wednesday February 1st. The prospective tenderer must obtain an appointment with the appropriate contact (see Annex viewing card) and should add the signed certificate to his / her registration. | <urn:uuid:33d25161-88af-4567-9f05-a24d14a65894> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://oppex.com/cleaning/be/mechelen | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00279-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948626 | 277 | 1.78125 | 2 |
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The author is a Forbes contributor. The opinions expressed are those of the writer.
Washington has an investor crisis that needs attention. The financial literacy of Americans is at a dangerously low level, at a time when more people have become responsible for their own retirement savings and as the future of government subsistence programs have fallen into question.
A recent government study shows that most citizens don’t know much about how the economy works, they don’t know basic investment concepts such as the difference between stocks and bonds, and they lack rudimentary knowledge about risk, return, and investment planning.
The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 tasked the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to gauge the level of financial literacy that exists in America among individual investors. The SEC’s goal was to assess general financial knowledge and determine specific knowledge of investment fraud, fees, and risk. The research also evaluated this knowledge based on subgroups defined by age, gender, and race.
The SEC’s published report was sobering. Here is an excerpt from the conclusion:
“Quantitative studies conducted from 2006 to the present on the financial literacy of U.S. retail investors conclude overwhelmingly that American investors lack essential knowledge of the most rudimentary financial concepts: inflation, bond prices, interest rates, mortgages, and risk. Consequently, it is not surprising that investors do not understand advanced financial concepts such as differences between stocks and bonds, the role of the stock market, and the value of portfolio diversification.”
Low levels of investor literacy have serious implications for America. We live in an age dominated by defined-contribution retirement plans, where workers make their own investment choices. A lack of basic knowledge will seriously erode individual investment performance in the future and that threatens broad segments of the population who wish to retire comfortably.
Something must be done to increase basic investor awareness, and this effort must come from Washington − because it won’t come from Wall Street. An intense effort to prudently educate investors is essential to the general financial health of Americans and of America.
This help will not come from the for-profit investment industry because product sales are the main driver behind the advice investors receive. Even new ideas that were originally designed to reduce cost and increase return have degenerated into high cost speculative products designed to increase the amount of money the industry takes in.
The exchange-traded fund (ETF) market is a prime example of a good product that has been high-jacked by Wall Street. ETFs were originally created as low-cost index funds designed to generate the return of a market. They gave all investors access to a broad basket of securities and could be used to build affordable portfolios. While many ETFs still provide this benefit, the ETF landscape in general has been heavily polluted in recent years. Many new funds that have launched in the past 10 years are high-cost products that are designed for speculation and to be used as part of a trading strategy.
Wall Street will always figure out a way to turn a product that’s good for investors into a high-fee money machine that aids the industry. I wrote an article about this titled, Thrown Under a Bus With Model ETF Portfolios. Jason Zweig also investigated this issue in a recent Wall Street Journal article titled, When Cheap Funds Cost Too Much.
So, what’s the answer?
Ironically, the federal government’s own Thrift Savings Plan (TSP) doesn’t fall prey to the problems facing the rest of the investing nation. It provides government employees and active duty military an excellent low-fee program. There are no expensive actively-managed funds in TSP, and no fees are paid to advisers for speculating on markets. Most of the investments in the program are index funds, each of which is invested in order to replicate the risk and return characteristics of a particular market.
Washington has already figured out that low-fee index investing is in the best interest of its employees and the military. So, why not take it one step further to help solve the financial literacy in America by giving TSP to the rest of that nation? Require employers who offer a 401(k) or similar employee savings program, to use TSP − or at least use low-cost index funds modeled after it.
Some people will say that mandating employers to adopt the government’s TSP program is too much intrusion. Undoubtedly, the protest will come mainly from financial firms and advisers who have the most to lose. As a compromise, Congress could make the program optional, but give employers who adopt the principles safe harbor from employee lawsuits involving plan investment options.
The financial literacy of Americans is at a dangerously low level and this will create problems for our nation unless something is done. Washington should become more involved. Government already drives K-12 education and is deeply involved in higher education, and tools such as TSP are all ready in place to improve the system on a mass scale. It’s time for Washington to step up and act. | <urn:uuid:2282c864-51ad-42ec-b1fe-3b4dd697b051> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.forbes.com/sites/rickferri/2012/11/05/educating-a-nation-of-financial-illiterates/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00081-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958048 | 1,040 | 2.09375 | 2 |
First came the atrocity, then came the vanity. The atrocity is what Jerry Sandusky has been accused of doing at Penn State. The vanity is the outraged reaction of a zillion commentators over the past week, whose indignation is based on the assumption that if they had been in Joe Paterno’s shoes, or assistant coach Mike McQueary’s shoes, they would have behaved better. They would have taken action and stopped any sexual assaults.
Unfortunately, none of us can safely make that assumption. Over the course of history — during the Holocaust, the Rwandan genocide or the street beatings that happen in American neighborhoods — the same pattern has emerged. Many people do not intervene. Very often they see but they don’t see.This seems to me self-evident, but many of these commentators can't wrest themselves from their knowledgable future perspective to see their vanity for what it is. They see, but they don't see. They are incapable of putting themselves in someone else's shoes.
Our culture has become coarse and nothing about the depravity of men is now hidden from us.We now know what people are capable of and we are accustomed to having it paraded before us in all its squalor on a daily basis. But we're talking about a man here who is of another generation. Paterno is 84 years old. He's not only old, he's old school. When someone tells him they witnessed something going on "of a sexual nature," the rest of us have a pretty vivid image of what that might be since we have seen it dramatized for us over and over and over again.
But people of Paterno's generation have not. He probably goes home and watches "Gunsmoke" reruns, not "Law and Order: Special Victims Unit." That's what I do.
I'm loathe to quote "studies" on anything, and so it makes me feel better about the studies that Brooks quotes that it is he who is quoting them. But the next time you hear someone tell you all the heroics he would have performed had he been in Paterno's shoes, remind them of the "Bystander Effect":
Even in cases where people consciously register some offense, they still often don’t intervene. In research done at Penn State and published in 1999, students were asked if they would make a stink if someone made a sexist remark in their presence. Half said yes. When researchers arranged for that to happen, only 16 percent protested.I have had my differences with Brooks, but the piece is really good. Read the rest here.
In another experiment at a different school, 68 percent of students insisted they would refuse to answer if they were asked offensive questions during a job interview. But none actually objected when asked questions like, “Do you think it is appropriate for women to wear bras to work?”
So many people do nothing while witnessing ongoing crimes, psychologists have a name for it: the Bystander Effect. | <urn:uuid:6e0bd48e-7a92-444b-b2ec-c1fb3e6b78a0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://vereloqui.blogspot.com/2011/11/joe-paterno-and-bystander-effect.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00543-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.98333 | 625 | 1.960938 | 2 |
This book provides an introduction to socio-legal forms of mitigation in capital sentencing. It helps mitigation specialists, defense investigators, social scientists, and lawyers in developing socio-cultural themes of mitigation. It examines scientific formulations, concepts, and frameworks for structuring social history investigations and assessments of moral culpability. A fundamental aim of this handbook was to provide mitigation professionals not only with an understanding of the context of mitigation in criminal justice thinking, but also ways of contextualizing issues of blame and culpability. Cases are used to illustrate how to identify, evaluate and present mitigation evidence in assessing issues of culpability in the mitigation of punishment in death penalty cases. It also exposes mitigation professionals to recent developments in the social sciences with implications for assessing issues of practical rationality, diminished volition, unfortunate forms of socialization, criminal propensities, socio-cultural deprivation, and gang involvement.
These topics are linked with legal and philosophical conceptions of moral culpability that offer mitigation professionals new ways of thinking about both proximal and remote forms of mitigation. These socially oriented lenses, used in examining these concepts and legal issues, offer alternative ways of thinking about issues of capacity, choice and character in assessing diminished forms of moral culpability. The book concludes with recommendations for future research and other strategies for promoting the improvement of practice in the field of capital mitigation. Unlike other books on death penalty mitigation, this book examines issues of relevance to social scientists, as well as mental health professionals. In fact, it is one of the only books written on the subject that includes opportunities for the inclusion of expert testimony on socio-legal matters by social criminologists, sociologists, social psychologists, and social workers. | <urn:uuid:8a518fea-edb6-4305-8ce0-f94a50b8023d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.tanum.no/_death-penalty-mitigation-jose-b.-ashford-9780195329469 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00077-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926722 | 337 | 2 | 2 |
Studio Ghibli’s latest animated feature, When Marnie Was There, is released in cinemas across Australia on the 14th of May, 2015. See cinema websites for screening details.
Animator and director Hiromasa Yonebayashi came to prominence in 2010 when he directed Arrietty for Studio Ghibli, becoming (at 37) the youngest director of a Ghibli feature film. He’s worked with Ghibli for a lot longer though: Wikipedia lists him as an animator on Princess Mononoke in 1997 and a host of other titles since then.
When Marnie Was There, Yonebayashi’s second film as director, is rumoured to be the legendary studio’s last, given the retirement of Hayao Miyazaki from filmmaking and Ghibli’s current suspension of film production while they consider the future. And it’s not a bad swansong: the lush, painterly visuals and keenly observed details that make Ghibli productions so distinctive are present and correct, and the story (adapted from Joan G. Robinson’s 1967 YA novel of the same name) is engaging, though much more grounded in reality than some of the studio’s earlier flights of whimsy.
The film follows Anna, a twelve-year-old girl who lives with her foster parents in Sapporo. When it’s discovered that she suffers from asthma, she is sent on doctors’ orders to stay with the Oiwas, relatives of her foster mother’s, in a seaside town where the air is cleaner. Anna wanders around, exploring the town where she’s to spend the summer and discovers a grand old mansion on the other side of the marsh, which she wades across to have a closer look at. Trapped there by the rising tide, she’s rescued by Toichi, a local fisherman — and as she looks back over her shoulder at the empty marsh house, she sees lights shining in the windows.
Anna’s dreams — and soon her days — are filled with visions of the marsh house, and of a blonde girl who lives there, visible behind an upstairs window. One evening, rowing over to the marsh house in a boat, Anna meets her: she says her name is Marnie, and she lives in the house sometimes with her parents. The two girls rapidly cement an intense friendship, and Anna begins to spend every evening rowing over to see Marnie.
That’s all I’m going to say here about the plot; suffice it to say that the story isn’t as simple as it sounds, and that When Marnie Was There is more about Anna’s place in the world — her loneliness and her relationships — than anything else. She’s an older, more troubled protagonist than any I can remember from Ghibli’s earlier films, more moody, defiant teenager than happy-go-lucky child. The film treads a fine line on her character development, too, as it swings between confident curiosity, to rebellious resentment at being shuffled around by the adults around her, to awkward intensity as she grows more and more fascinated by Marnie and her world.
Although it looks every inch a Ghibli picture, particularly given the rural seaside setting, director Yonebayahi has his own signature, and this film (much more than Arrietty did) makes use of a bunch of techniques to evoke Anna’s turbulent internal state. Some of it reminded me of Satoshi Kon’s brilliant Perfect Blue — the ambiguity and transitions between dreaming and waking states, the shifts between first-person and third-person points of view. Some of the editing and sound work are reminiscent of horror or thriller cinema, while some of the scenes between Anna and Marnie as they develop their relationship feel like they veer into romantic territory, such is their intensity. (This latter point may be a quirk of the English dub that I saw, though — I’d be curious to know if audiences who see the Japanese version feel the same way.)
When Marnie Was There is an interesting picture, straying quite a bit from the whimsy and magic of the classical Ghibli canon into the twilit marshland of teenage rebellion and angst. Some of Anna’s story relies quite a lot on exposition, which rather telegraphs what’s going to happen later on, but it’s still compelling to watch and I suspect will resonate more with teenage audiences than with this writer, cynical as I am. | <urn:uuid:c3b052b0-2aad-460d-849f-3f91e8dec88e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.heroic-cinema.com/reviews/when-marnie-was-there-2015/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571190.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810131127-20220810161127-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.95144 | 962 | 1.5 | 2 |
Over-the-counter pain medications containing caffeine include BC Powder, Midol and Excedrin, according to Drugs.com. Caffeine is a central nervous system stimulant. It is combined with aspirin, acetaminophen or ibuprofen as a pain-relieving medication.Continue Reading
BC Powder is a combination of aspirin, caffeine and salicylamide systemic, reports Drugs.com. Its uses include relief of muscle aches, headaches, fever and pain. Users take the powder by dumping it on the tongue and swallowing; by swallowing and chasing it with water, soda or juice; or by mixing the powder in a liquid before ingesting it, indicates the manufacturer’s website.
Midol Complete contains caffeine to combat the fatigue many women experience with their periods, according to its website. Each caplet contains 60 milligrams of caffeine, so a two-caplet dose has approximately the same caffeine as a cup of coffee. The caffeine in Midol also serves as a diuretic to help reduce bloating. Women using the product should drink plenty of water to prevent dehydration, and should avoid other caffeine sources.
Excedrin Extra Strength is another medication with caffeine, reports the company website. Many prescription headache relievers also contain caffeine, making this an over-the-counter alternative for headache sufferers. This combination pain reliever includes acetaminophen, aspirin and caffeine. Users should follow the label directions and speak with their health care providers before taking this medication with prescriptions.Learn more about Medications & Vitamins | <urn:uuid:5dc59911-da64-4a55-bc95-6f36bc82282b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.reference.com/health/over-counter-pain-killers-contain-caffeine-4f761053ff0b4151 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00073-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.918275 | 314 | 1.703125 | 2 |
When foreign fighters rally to the cause of a rebel army locked in a local conflict, this is bound to draw in competing agendas and identities even among putative allies. And these cleavages may persist long after the fighting ends.
“Upon arrival,” according to one account, “foreign mujahedin settled in various locations and did not form a homogeneous entity.” Eventually, “local Muslims started to join the foreign mujahedin,” coalescing into a unit known as the Foreign Fighters’ Battalion. Still, “notwithstanding instances of participation in combat alongside each other, it appears that [the different] groups were anxious to maintain their distinct identities. There were religious and ideological differences between [locals and foreigners], which resulted in occasional violent clashes.”
Despite their differences, according to this account, locals continued to be attracted to the Foreign Fighters’ Battalion for its “stricter regimental discipline, greater degree of organization, superior equipment and combat morale, religious dedication, and the material benefits” bestowed by “many organizations and individuals from the Islamic world.”
If you are thinking this is Syria, think again. This is Bosnia, 1993: different country, different war, same story. It is now common knowledge that Western intelligence agencies actively facilitated the flow of foreign fighters—who were being funded and trained, mother of all ironies, by Saudi Arabia and Iran—into Bosnia and Herzegovina (henceforth simply “Bosnia”).
One of those fighters was Imad al-Husein, aka Abu Hamza al-Suri, a Syrian national. When war broke out in Bosnia, Abu Hamza was a medical student in what was then the Socialist Republic of Croatia, Yugoslavia. He enlisted in the ranks of the mujahedin on the other side of the border with the help of a U.S.-registered but Saudi-funded non-profit called the Benevolence International Foundation, which covertly channeled funds and equipment to foreign fighters in Bosnia. Abu Hamza joined the jihad for a spell in 1992-1993 and again in 1994-1995, with a stint in between organizing papers and logistics for the fighters coming in and out of Bosnia under the cover of Benevolence International.
For any of today’s foreign fighters hoping to start anew in Syria after the war, however, Abu Hamza’s case offers a cautionary tale about the limits of solidarity. | <urn:uuid:6f64b095-59b6-4cc3-a05c-caa12827d7b7> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.thenation.com/article/syria-bosnia-memoirs-mujahid-limbo/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988717783.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183837-00076-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961688 | 514 | 2.15625 | 2 |
FRP accessories and FRP grating is the brand new hot thing. Gratings and fixtures made of FRP have and endless choice of advantages which charge is the biggest and most important one but others will also be really compelling.
A few of the advantages of all kinds of fitting and gratings crafted from FRP are as follows. The foremost is they are very strong. A well-built FRP grating has larger power and can resist blows and crush power to a significantly better level than actually steel. The second is that unlike nearly almost any metal gratings and fittings, FRP is wholly immune to a myriad of commercial effluents and thus is great for professional purposes of most types. That weight is definitely an natural home of FRP and unlike metal it takes number expensive coatings that have to be used or reapplied at normal intervals or keep it from corroding. FRP is a fit it and forget it type of material.
It can also be a fraction of the weight of metal meaning it’s easier and cheaper to carry and mount and unlike material wants number large going equipment to have the grating or accessories in to place. For most use event scenarios two different people can very quickly manage, manoeuvre and match an FRP Grating only fine. The last is that FRP has very little resale price on the scrap market therefore you may be positive that there’s hardly any incentive for one to ever grab your gratings and accessories even if they’re in public areas. The final purpose of course is that FRP expenses actually a fraction of what steel does.
In the recent days, most of the people who perform in the subject of structure use fibreglass. This raw product is gaining value more compared to the old-fashioned components like aluminum, metal, metal or other metals. Though, steel frameworks are solid and tough, they’re heavy to move from destination for a another. When aluminium or steel get touching water, moisture or oil, they corrode easily. In such circumstances, it is way better to utilize the fibreglass services and products at the construction field. They are more durable than the traditional products. They’re cheap and corrosion free as well.
The entry methods produced by FRP provide greater hold to the feet. They are flexible and frictionless. Installing the grating structures just like the stairway treads, handrails and the grating is fairly easy. The expense of installment can also be low. One of many significant reasons to use FRP grating and handrails is they are light in weight however have large tensile strength. They can be purchased in numerous depth and color options. The makers customize FRP structures based on the requirements of the customers. The method of creating the products involves lacking of the resin with the matrix to help make the parts solid and durable.
There are many forms of grating structures available. One of them, sq moulded meshes, screen protections, little works, stair treads and the surprise chiefs are normal in these days. The square carved mesh gratings are strong and really have the reduced weight. The architects sue the sq mesh grating varieties at the drink industries, conveyor paths and the underwater sectors. These grating components offer resistant to chemicals. They’re suitable for all of the industries.
The architects place the air intakes, hazardous parts in industries and conveyors. The screen guard gratings reduce contact with the moving electrical equipment, pumps and several more. They’ve intensive deterioration resilient power and low conductivity. The tiny meshes would be the cost-effective grating items. The pedestrian pathways mostly utilize the little mesh grating for greater support and security. These structures also help in rising the vegetation under the walkways. They can be found in various colors and thickness. The step treads and the storm chiefs are very popular. | <urn:uuid:ab2cf298-e3a4-4f29-b44b-e57b4544670c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.comoqueporque.com/reasons-why-frp-is-better-than-steel/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573163.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818033705-20220818063705-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.954556 | 794 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Human Values Teaching Programs for Health Professionals: Self-Descriptive Reports From Twenty-Nine Schools
McElhinney, Thomas K.
Philadelphia: Institute on Human Values in Medicine, Society for Health and Human Values, 1976. 344 p.
Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.
McElhinney, Thomas K. (1981)
McElhinney, Thomas K. (1975)
Pellegrino, Edmund D.; McElhinney, Thomas K. (Institute of Human Value in Medicine; Society of Health and Human Values, 1974-04)The nineteen teaching programs described in the following pages share the common goal of emphasizing human values as an important area of education in the health professions. They have numerous other similarities, but ... | <urn:uuid:4b1af3ab-2cb2-400f-b304-f83353e7acf6> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://repository.library.georgetown.edu/handle/10822/772304 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720941.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00518-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.821848 | 163 | 1.960938 | 2 |
A comparison of two distributed large-volume measurement systems: the mobile spatial co-ordinate measuring system and the indoor global positioning system
Maisano, D. A., Jamshidi, J., Franceschini, F., Maropoulos, P. G., Mastrogiacomo, L., Mileham, A. R. and Owen, G. W., 2009. A comparison of two distributed large-volume measurement systems: the mobile spatial co-ordinate measuring system and the indoor global positioning system. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 223 (5), pp. 511-521.
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Advances in the area of industrial metrology have generated new technologies that are capable of measuring components with complex geometry and large dimensions. However, no standard or best-practice guides are available for the majority of such systems. Therefore, these new systems require appropriate testing and verification in order for the users to understand their full potential prior to their deployment in a real manufacturing environment. This is a crucial stage, especially when more than one system can be used for a specific measurement task. In this paper, two relatively new large-volume measurement systems, the mobile spatial co-ordinate measuring system (MScMS) and the indoor global positioning system (iGPS), are reviewed. These two systems utilize different technologies: the MScMS is based on ultrasound and radiofrequency signal transmission and the iGPS uses laser technology. Both systems have components with small dimensions that are distributed around the measuring area to form a network of sensors allowing rapid dimensional measurements to be performed in relation to large-size objects, with typical dimensions of several decametres. The portability, reconfigurability, and ease of installation make these systems attractive for many industries that manufacture large-scale products. In this paper, the major technical aspects of the two systems are briefly described and compared. Initial results of the tests performed to establish the repeatability and reproducibility of these systems are also presented.
|Creators||Maisano, D. A., Jamshidi, J., Franceschini, F., Maropoulos, P. G., Mastrogiacomo, L., Mileham, A. R. and Owen, G. W.|
|Uncontrolled Keywords||large-scale metrology,distance measurements,dimensional measurement,metrological performance,indoor gps,mobile measuring system|
|Departments||Faculty of Engineering & Design > Mechanical Engineering|
|Research Centres||Innovative Design & Manufacturing Research Centre (IdMRC)|
|Additional Information||Proceedings paper from the 4th International Conference on Digital Enterprise Technology. University of Bath, Bath, England, 19-21 September, 2007|
Actions (login required) | <urn:uuid:e42006f0-3cb4-479b-bb16-c5085bf023c7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://opus.bath.ac.uk/14426/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00280-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.865388 | 606 | 2.046875 | 2 |
The COVID-19 is one of the world’s most controversial pandemic in history partly due to the conditions surrounding its outbreak and many alleged cover-ups but the worst part of the pandemic is the necessitated lock down which ultimately forced businesses and individuals to stay indoor for months while numerous people lost their precious lives due to the pandemic.
However the breakthrough vaccines to combat the pandemic was a good news the entire globe has been waiting for in a really long time and for the first time, the world is a little at ease with some countries already opening up for economic growth considering the devastating effects the pandemic had on the economy of different countries.
Vaccines are being distributed across the American states and counties as well as other parts of the world and even Africa which mean its a matter of time before the entire world to normal as it formerly was.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced an update to its existing guidelines for navigating social distancing and gathering at events and concerts.
The health agency made it known that those who have been fully vaccinated against the coronavirus can gather indoors in small groups without wearing masks or necessarily distancing from one another.
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CDC made this known during a joint briefing by the White House COVID-19 response team on Monday.
As for those declared to have been “fully vaccinated”, this meant they it’s been two weeks since they’ve taken their second dose of the Pfizer or Moderna vaccines or at least two weeks since they’ve received their first dosage of either of the vaccines.
The CDC made this confident claims because of data that showed that those who’ve taken the vaccines have low chances of further spreading the virus.
They’re also at a much lower risk of getting seriously ill even if they eventually contract the virus or get sick from it.
The vaccine doses reached about 90.4 million people in the United States alone.
Even though being vaccinated doesn’t automatically mean your life can go back to what it used to be back in 2019 but there’s a good news and that’s the fact that more people will get vaccinated in the country and around the world which mean its just a matter of time before the world will enter into normalcy.
It was really hard considering how many events, concerts, anniversaries and even programs that were paused or halted or canceled altogether due to the pandemic but when more people get vaccinated, everyone will stand a better chance afterwards.
According to an updated guideline of the CDC concerning social distancing, people who have been full vaccinated can now have a small indoor gathering or even outdoor gathering without wearing a face mask or social distancing – but with others who have also been vaccinated fully. That removes the limits of gathering with people from more than two households.
Also you’re able to visit unvaccinated people from a single house in as much as no one in that household is at an increased risk of a serious illness if they ever contract the COVID-19 however, its a proper thing to abstain from those who have underlying health issues and elderly who are much at risk.
Fully vaccinated people who are exposed to someone with the virus don’t need to quarantine or get a test if they’re asymptomatic. However, if they develop symptoms of COVID-19, they should still do both.
One important takeaway from this is the fact that getting vaccinated doesn’t automatically build a shield around you from contracting the coronavirus from anyone. It’s in fact very possible to still contract the virus despite being vaccinated or even being reinfected if you’ve recovered from an early infection.
The vaccines are thought to protect against the variants, but they aren’t a guarantee. “Early data show the vaccines may work against some variants but could be less effective against others,” the CDC says.
Vaccinated or not, the rule is still the same
Despite being vaccinated, it’s still very important to continue wearing your face mask when going to public places as well as socially distancing yourself from others in public areas especially if you’re in the midst of unvaccinated people who are at an increased risk of severe illness or even death or those who live with those who are at such risk. As you can see, its a matter of common sense.
“There are some activities that fully vaccinated people can begin to resume now in the privacy of their own homes,” CDC director Rochelle Walensky said in a statement, as previously reported by The Wall Street Journal. “Everyone — even those who are vaccinated — should continue with all mitigation strategies when in public settings.”
Traveling even though vaccinated
The CDC says you should continue to avoid traveling, both domestically and internationally. Travel is still considered a high-risk activity and should be avoided whenever possible. In the event you need to travel, you must follow the CDC’s guidelines.
Visiting restaurants and bars
There are some states in the US that have lifted the restrictions placed on bars and restaurants and other public places like museums and other kinds of businesses deemed nonessential.
However, the CDC advised that you should try as much as possible to avoid going to bars and restaurants even if you’ve been vaccinated.
There was a report that the agency released that showed that areas that reopened either indoor or outdoor dinning saw an increase in the number of COVID-19 cases and deaths.
The usage of face mask is still very essential especially in public places either you’re with people that have been vaccinated or not because they could potentially transmit the disease to others who might also transmit to others and so on and so forth which will ultimately lead to more cases and even deaths.
The CDC recommends that you wear your mask at all times in a restaurant or bar, except when you are actively eating or drinking however doing that outdoor or in a public place with many people put you and others at risk which is why its safe to eat in your home.
However, it’s up to you to use your best judgment when deciding to dine at restaurants, based on your own personal risk factors and risk tolerance but also it’s a collective responsibility to ensure the safety of others by not being reckless and helping the health agencies in flattening the curves.
Going to events and parties
Each states/countries have their own guidelines concerning events and gatherings but the general rule according to the CDC is that everyone should avoid mid-size to large crowds of people whether they are vaccinated or not.
Any event that gathers multiple households together increases your chances of getting the virus, so the fewer people you gather with, the lower your risk. This is especially true in small spaces and environments with poor ventilation, like movie theaters, hair salons and some workplaces.
Fully vaccinated? What’s next
You’re considered fully vaccinated after two weeks of taking a full dose of either the Pfizer or Moderna vaccine or the Johnson & Johnson vaccine (basically the officially approved vaccines in the country).
You should continue to wear your face mask and socially distance yourself from others who aren’t from your household and also quarantine yourself if you’ve tested positive – because being vaccinated doesn’t mean you won’t contract the virus or even get reinfected.
These are the same guidelines that have been in place for nearly a year now, but as more people get vaccinated, they will start to loosen.
The information contained in this article is for educational and informational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute to professional health or medical advice. Always consult a physician or other qualified health provider regarding any questions you may have about a medical condition or health objectives.
It’s a new year and it’s the best time to get yourself the best gadgets and gizmos at an extremely lower price point. Explore our Bargains and Deals from top eStores and find out what’s best for you this new year! | <urn:uuid:c2338de7-f516-428c-9471-77a3cefe61ad> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.brumpost.com/news/sci-tech/cdc-releases-new-covid-19-guidelines-for-those-whove-taken-the-vaccine/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.969479 | 1,737 | 2.046875 | 2 |
If you’ve got a big block of free time, the best way to put that to use is to relax, have fun, decompress from a stressful day, or spend time with a loved one. But if you’ve just got a little chunk — say 5 or 10 minutes — there’s no time to do any of the fun stuff.
Put those little chunks of time to their most productive use.
Everyone works differently, so the best use of your free time really depends on you, your working style, and what’s on your to-do list. But it’s handy to have a list like this in order to quickly find a way to put that little spare time to work instantly, without any thought. Use the following list as a way to spark ideas for what you can do in a short amount of time.
- Reading file. Clip magazine articles or print out good articles or reports for reading later, and keep them in a folder marked “Reading File”. Take this wherever you go, and any time you have a little chunk of time, you can knock off items in your Reading File. Keep a reading file on your computer (or in your bookmarks), for quick reading while at your desk (or on the road if you’ve got a laptop).
- Clear out inbox. Got a meeting in 5 minutes? Use it to get your physical or email inbox to empty. If you’ve got a lot in your inbox, you’ll have to work quickly, and you may not get everything done, but reducing your pile can be a big help. And having an empty inbox is a wonderful feeling.
- Phone calls. Keep a list of phone calls you need to make, with phone numbers, and carry it everywhere. Whether you’re at your desk or on the road, you can knock a few calls off your list in a short amount of time.
- Make money. This is my favorite productive use of free time. I have a list of articles I need to write, and when I get some spare minutes, I’ll knock off half an article real quick. If you get 5-10 chunks of free time a day, you can make a decent side income. Figure out how you can free-lance your skills, and have work lined up that you can knock out quickly — break it up into little chunks, so those chunks can be done in short bursts.
- File. No one likes to do this. If you’re on top of your game, you’re filing stuff immediately, so it doesn’t pile up. But if you’ve just come off a really busy spurt, you may have a bunch of documents or files laying around. Or maybe you have a big stack of stuff to file. Cut into that stack with every little bit of spare time you get, and soon you’ll be in filing Nirvana.
- Network. Only have 2 minutes? Shoot off a quick email to a colleague. Even just a “touching bases” or follow-up email can do wonders for your working relationship. Or shoot off a quick question, and put it on your follow-up list for later.
- Clear out feeds. If my email inbox is empty, and I have some spare time, I like to go to my Google Reader and clear out my feed inbox.
- Goal time. Take 10 minutes to think about your goals, personal and professional. If you don’t have a list of goals, start on one. If you’ve got a list of goals, review them. Write down a list of action steps you can take over the next couple of weeks to make these goals a reality. What action step can you do today? The more you focus on these goals, and review them, the more likely they will come true.
- Update finances. Many people fall behind with their finances, either in paying bills (they don’t have time), or entering transactions in their financial software, or clearing their checkbook, or reviewing their budget. Take a few minutes to update these things. It just takes 10-15 minutes every now and then.
- Brainstorm ideas. Another favorite of mine if I just have 5 minutes — I’ll break out my pocket notebook, and start a brainstorming list for a project or article. Whatever you’ve got coming up in your work or personal life, it can benefit from a brainstorm. And that doesn’t take long.
- Clear off desk. Similar to the filing tip above, but this applies to whatever junk you’ve got cluttering up your desk. Or on the floor around your desk. Trash stuff, file stuff, put it in its place. A clear desk makes for a more productive you. And it’s oddly satisfying.
- Exercise. Never have time to exercise? 10 minutes is enough to get off some pushups and crunches. Do that 2-3 times a day, and you’ve got a fit new you.
- Take a walk. This is another form of exercise that doesn’t take long, and you can do it anywhere — but even more important, it’s a good way to stretch your legs from sitting at your desk too long, and it gets your creative juices flowing. If you’re ever stuck for ideas, taking a walk is a good way to get unstuck.
- Follow up. Keep a follow-up list for everything you’re waiting on. Return calls, emails, memos — anything that someone owes you, put on the list. When you’ve got a spare 10 minutes, do some follow-up calls or emails.
- Meditate. You don’t need a yoga mat to do this. Just do it at your desk. Focus on your breathing. A quick 5-10 minutes of meditation (or even a nap) can be tremendously refreshing.
- Research. This is a daunting task for me. So I do it in little spurts. If I’ve only got a few minutes, I’ll do some quick research and take some notes. Do this a few times, and I’m done!
- Outline. Similar to brainstorming, but more formal. I like to do an outline of a complicated article, report or project, and it helps speed things along when I get to the actual writing. And it only takes a few minutes.
- Get prepped. Outlining is one way to prep for longer work, but there’s a lot of other ways you can prep for the next task on your list. You may not have time to actually start on the task right now, but when you come back from your meeting or lunch, you’ll be all prepped and ready to go.
- Be early. Got some spare time before a meeting? Show up for the meeting early. Sure, you might feel like a chump sitting there alone, but actually people respect those who show up early. It’s better than being late (unless you’re trying to play a power trip or something, but that’s not appreciated in many circles).
- Log. If you keep a log of anything, a few spare minutes is the perfect time to update the log. Actually, the perfect time to update the log is right after you do the activity (exercise, eat, crank a widget), but if you didn’t have time to do it before, your 5-minute break is as good a time as any.
Got some productive spare-time tips of your own? Share them in the comments.
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In 1779, a composer, writer, teacher, and dreamer named Christian Neefe arrived in Bonn, Germany, to work for the Electoral Court. Neefe (pronounced nay-fuh) was the definition of what Germans call a Schwärmer, a person swarming with rapturous enthusiasms. In particular, he was inflamed with visions of endless human potentials that the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment promised to unleash.
Like many progressives of the time, Neefe believed that humanity was finally coming of age. So he had picked the right place to get a job. Bonn was one of the most cultured and enlightened cities in Germany; the court supported a splendid musical and theatrical establishment. Before long in his new post, Neefe found himself mentoring a genius. Meanwhile, in his spare time, he signed on with a plan to, as it were, rule the world.
One of Neefe’s first students was a sullen, grubby, taciturn 10-year-old keyboard player named Ludwig van Beethoven. He was the son of an alcoholic singer who had more or less beat music into him. The kid seemed more like a charity case than a budding musician, but Neefe soon discovered that his talent could put him in the league of the musical phenomenon of the age, a child of freakish gifts named Mozart. | <urn:uuid:f95d10d6-3666-44b8-9ea2-19cbacbed327> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://disinfo.com/2008/12/beethoven-the-illuminati/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00032-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.976063 | 284 | 2.984375 | 3 |
Peter Mandelson, the EU trade commissioner, told the Saudi Minister of State that any Danish boycott would be a boycott of the European Union.
Peter Power, a EU spokesman, said on Monday: "He made it clear that if the Saudi government had encouraged the boycott, Commissioner Mandelson would regret having to take the issue to the WTO."
A Danish newspaper's publication of caricatures of Prophet Muhammad has led to tension between Denmark and some Muslim countries.
The Saudi minister told Mandelson the government had not encouraged the boycott.
Denmark told Riyadh it did not support the incitement of racial hatred, but could not condemn the free expression of the press.
The European Union executive agreed.
Johannes Laitenberger, EU Commission spokesman, said: "The exercise of these freedoms must be respected.
"It is the public debate on the pros and on the cons of the views expressed that is the right form of reaction in a democratic and pluralistic society, and pressure not to exercise these freedoms is unacceptable."
The Danish Foreign Ministry has warned Danes in the Middle East to take care.
Saudi Arabia recalled its ambassador to Denmark last week, and Libya has closed its embassy in the Danish capital.
Islamic tradition bars any depiction of the prophet, even respectful ones, out of concern that such images could lead to idolatry.
The EU Commission said on Monday that armed men demonstrated outside an EU technical facility in Gaza City to protest against the caricatures.
Various Gulf countries have
cleared the shelves of Arla goods
It said no one was injured and denied reports that the office had been occupied.
Consumers in many predominantly Muslim countries were boycotting Danish goods.
Denmark-based Arla Foods said the consumer boycott of its products in the Middle East was almost total.
Arla Foods' products have been removed from shop shelves in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates, Europe's largest dairy group said.
The Middle East is Arla Foods' main market outside Europe.
It has $430 million in annual sales in the Middle East and about 1000 employees in the region. | <urn:uuid:059eccf3-8925-4a6a-b246-75d6431fed59> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.aljazeera.com/archive/2006/01/2008491338731817.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00219-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964859 | 439 | 1.929688 | 2 |
Bulk-buying of food might not be such a boon to the budget after all. Research by the Norton School's Victoria Ligon and Anita Bhappu found that consumers shop too infrequently and overbuy when they do, contributing to waste.
Norton School researchers investigating how consumers make decisions about food consumption and shopping have found that they actually waste food because they bulk-buy too often. Read more »
Disrupt to survive.
That was one of the shared underlying themes at the 2015 Global Retailing Conference at University of Arizona’s Terry J. Lundgren School of Retailing on April 24-25 in Tucson.
Disrupt to survive. Read more »
The UA's 19th annual Global Retailing Conference focused on retail being "everywhere at once." Pictured, UA students modeled clothing by entertainer Thalia Sodi (third from right) in a fashion show during the Global Retailing Conference
Advances in technology have had a major impact on the way consumers shop. Read more »
Associate Professor Sabrina V. Helm's article Service inside: The impact of ingredient service branding on quality perceptions and behavioral intentions, co-authored with Berrin Özergin and published in Industrial Marketing Management, is now available online.
27 RCSC students have been hard at work in a very unique retailing entrepreneurship project. Last spring, the students grouped together into nine teams of three students each. When the fall semester started, each team began work on developing a business plan for opening a retail venture specifically for downtown Tucson.
This academic year, 27 RCSC students have been hard at work in a very unique retailing entrepreneurship project. Read more »
The Terry J. Lundgren Center for Retailing at the University of Arizona today announced the 2015 presenters at its 19th Annual Global Retailing Conference, April 23-24 at the Westin La Paloma Resort in Tucson.
The Terry J. Read more »
Natalie Sanchez, a journalism senior with a minor in fashion, worked this past summer with Macy's Merchandising Group in New York City as a private brands marketing intern.
Natalie Sanchez, a journalism senior with a minor in fashion, worked this past summer with Macy's Merchandising Group in New York City as a private brands marketing intern.&nbs Read more »
Three students at the University of Arizona's Norton School of Family and Consumer Sciences have been named 2015 Scholars of the Fashion Scholarship Fund.
Talented students from 24 National Retail Federation (NRF) member schools have been nominated to represent the next generation of retail leaders. The nominees below received a travel scholarship to attend Retail’s BIG Show, Student Program and the inaugural NRF Foundation Gala in New York City.
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Original plan posted at Inquire Within. Modified below, including reflection and follow-up.
Learning takes place through inquiry.
Learning is most meaningful when the learners have choice in how they learn, as well as opportunities to wonder, explore and construct meaning for themselves.
This is why we chose to structure our new staff orientation in the form of an inquiry…
As part of a broader introduction to the PYP, our new teachers explored concept based learning, one of the essential elements of the PYP. They developed their understanding of the conceptual approach by using the PYP key concepts as a lens through which to generate questions about our school.
The next step was an inquiry, via which they had the opportunity to actively find out about their new school, rather than passively sit and listen to us ‘tell them stuff‘…
Each school has a unique culture, beliefs and approaches.
Suggested lines of inquiry:
- Cultural beliefs and values of our school
- Our learning principles
- The learning environment
- Roles and responsibilities within our school
- Our written curriculum
Participants worked in groups to select questions from those generated in the concept exercise and/or formulate new questions, based on what they felt they needed to know, before setting off to find answers that would help them learn about the school.
The following resources were at their disposal:
- The school environment
- The learning resource centre
- Members of the school community who were present to support, demonstrate, facilitate, encourage and respond to questions
- Access to curriculum documents
In truth, we had no idea how this would work out or to what degree it would be successful. But isn’t that how the best inquiries unfold?
It was gratifying to see the new teachers engaging informally with the principal, the head of primary, campus coordinators and other members of the staff who volunteered to participate.
At the end of two days of orientation (one an introduction to the PYP, the other an informal inquiry into our school) we asked each of our newest members of staff to sum up how they are now feeling in one word. They said they felt:
inspired, excited, reassured, welcome, safe, supported, motivated, energised, informed… and one said that the PYP at our school is ‘real’. (an interesting observation, which might provoke thinking…)
It sounds as if our approach was successful and we achieved our objectives:
- Understand what our school believes and values about learning.
- Begin to build relationships and feel part of our dynamic learning culture.
- Acquire the information required to start the year safely and successfully.
- An overview of the PYP in our particular context.
It was exciting for us to see how much our new teachers, with their broad range of educational and life experience, will bring to our school. We look forward to learning with them!
Read Anne knocks recent post, about her school’s plan for ‘onboarding’ new staff (perhaps we’ll borrow that term next year). What’s your school’s approach? | <urn:uuid:647c5c36-71ae-4c85-b342-76042c256d0e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://whatedsaid.wordpress.com/2015/01/21/orientation-for-new-teachers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283008.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00084-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965441 | 641 | 3.09375 | 3 |
Imagine that brand new cooker, fridge or blender you purchased last year and immediately the manufacturer’s warranty expires it gets spoilt or dies on you, that’s a terrible experience and it could cost you quite a hefty amount however if you have home insurance it will save you a whole lot.
What is a home warranty?
A home warranty is an annual service contract that covers the repair or replacement of important appliances and systems components that break down over time, for many standard home warranty plans, this may include coverage of all the parts and components of your home’s electrical, plumbing, heating and air conditioning systems as well as many other home appliances. You can also customize your plan and add the basic items in your home, you can add coverage for items such as a well pump, a stand-alone freezer or even a pool or spa.
What’s the difference between home warranty and insurance?
Home warranties are designed to protect your home’s appliances and systems from breakdowns caused by normal wear and tear. Homeowners insurance pays for damages and loss caused by unexpected events such as fire and weather damage, but it won’t help if your washing machine breaks down. Home insurance will help homeowners to pay for structural damage and loss of personal property from emergencies like theft or fire, while a home warranty covers repairs and replacements of a home’s systems and appliances when they fail from old age.
How does a home warranty work?
The homeowner calls the home warranty company if a home system or appliance breaks or stops working. The home warranty company calls a provider with which it has a business arrangement, the home warranty company will pay to replace and install the appliance if it can’t be repaired and the homeowner pays a small trade service fee for the visit.
Some plans provide for specific types of coverage, but most operate in a similar manner.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Home Warranty.
The main benefit of a home warranty is convenience, especially if you own a home that is not very new. When you first move into your new home, you most likely won’t have a preferred a plumber, technician, and appliance repair specialist. If anything needs repair, you’ll simply call the home warranty company and they will dispatch a contractor of their choice with experience completing similar types of repairs. Another benefit is that a home warranty could save you money. If you end up needing a lot of repairs that exceed how much you pay for the home warranty, you’ll definitely save money.
However everything has a disadvantage for example you’ll have to pay for the home warranty even on years when you don’t need any home repairs. If you end up only needing a very small repair, you may have been better off just paying for the repair out of pocket. It can be difficult to foresee what kind of home repairs you’ll end up needing.
10th Floor, TRV Centre, 3rd Parklands Avenue,Parklands, Nairobi, Kenya.
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Wander upstairs at this year's Tokyo Motor Show, and the cars suddenly get a lot smaller. Sure, there are a lot of little kei-car boxes on display all over the show floor, but this is a different type of Japan-only unobtainium. It's even easy to smuggle one home – just slip it into your pocket.
This is Tomica, the Japanese version of Hot Wheels or Matchbox. Founded in 1970, this year they celebrate their 45th anniversary.
The initial run of Tomica 1/64th scale cars was all-Japanese: a Datsun Bluebird SSS, a Datsun Fairlady Z432, two Toyota Crowns, a Toyota Corona, and a Toyota 2000GT. Today, Tomica still offers classic Japanese machinery from the 1970s with their Limited Vintage line.
The name of the toy comes from its parent company, Tomy. Tomica is literally Tomy Mini Car, all run together and pronounced phonetically.
The cars were an instant success. Previously, Japanese kids only had access to imported Matchbox cars, but now they could own miniature versions of the cars their parents drove. Today, the Tomica line has grown to hundreds of models.
There were also plenty of uniquely Japanese dream cars along the way, like this highly detailed Nissan Skyline hero car from the popular Japanese cop show Seibu Keisatsu. Airing in the early 1980s, the show was half The A-Team and half Hawaii 5-0.
Here's a unique intersection of Japanese-Canadian arcane history. This is a model of a Walter Wolf Countach, one of the few cars built as prototypes for the Austrian-Canadian businessman. Look closely and you'll see little maple-leaf flags covering the pop-up headlights.
From plain rolling cars, Tomica has expanded into all sorts of car-related stuff. Being Japan, you know what that means: dorifto! These little remote-controlled drift machines were very popular with the crowd.
Along with classic and current models, Tomica also makes futuristic and commemorative pieces. This Toyota S-FR sports car concept only just debuted at the show, but you can already get a tiny version of it.
While Tomica's more expensive and realistic models are intended to appeal to the adult collector, they're still very much a kid-oriented brand. At their Toyko Motor Show booth, huge pillars were festooned with drawings of the dream-cars of Japanese youngsters.
“Hey guys – did we leave the minivan parked over there?” One of Tomica's new directions is jumping on the Star Wars bandwagon with realistic figurine and starship models.
But because they're a toy-car company, you can bet we're going to get wacky little models like these too. The R2-D2 three-wheeler is simply genius.
You can find Tomica cars at most toy stores in Japan, but they also have dedicated stores. This one was filled with playsets, including a full range branded with Disney's Cars movie.
More wacky figurine cars. Rilakkuma is an anime character whose name means “Relax Bear.” He's cute, and makes no sense whatsoever. That's Japan for you.
This huge swath of Premium Line cars would have found favour with any VW fans on holiday. You occasionally see classic VWs around Tokyo, and most of them are left-hand-drive.
This is the standard lineup of Tomica cars. Pretty much every one of them has an opening door or hood or other function for a kid to play with. The longer versions feature bullet trains or transporter trucks and buses. | <urn:uuid:1c70ae01-ffd8-46f5-a9c2-c9282309bf43> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.autotrader.ca/editorial/20151118/tomica-toy-cars/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.962239 | 763 | 1.617188 | 2 |
According to N. Tokarski, the Kamsarakan family built the fortress and a part of the wall in the 7th century. The other parts of the citadel, referring back to the 10th century, belong to the Pahlavouni Dukes. In the times of the Bagratouni Kings the Citadel of Amberd was one of the most important strategic spots of the Armenian highland. In the 70s of the 11th century the citadel surrendered to Seljuks and was later used as a garrison.In 1196 Zakare Amirspasalar delivered the Citadel of Amberd from the Seljuks with the help of a joint Armenian-Georgian army.The citadel then became the property of Zakare. In the beginning of the 13th century the citadel became the administrative center of the Vachoutian family, the agents of the Zakarian Dukes.
In 1236 the Mongols occupied and ruined the citadel. Vachoutians rebuilt it at the end of the 13th century. Amberd lost its significance of a strategic citadel in the period following the invasions of the Turks and the Tatars, and was completely ruined by Tamerlane at the end of the 14th century.
The remains of the citadel walls and the castle, the church, the royal bathhouse, and some other buildings have survived. The citadel had the shape of an irregular triangle. In the beginning of the 13th century, the Vachoutians built another entrance in the castle area and fortified the walls and built another wall near the Ariashan entrance to help stop the progress of the enemy.
Vahram Pahlavouni built the Amberd Church in 1026. It has reached our days as a ruin. Nowadays that beautiful piece of Armenian architecture is being rehabilitated along with a part of the castle. It still attracts tourists. | <urn:uuid:d820556f-c000-496e-8e55-ca9b3cb58f0d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.tourismarmenia.net/armenia-tourism/attractions-sights/places/amberd.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00035-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950928 | 391 | 2.890625 | 3 |
- President Obama
Tell President Obama: Reject the Keystone XL Pipeline
Congress approved a two-month payroll tax and unemployment extension bill that forces a decision on the Keystone XL Pipeline in 60 days, and President Obama signed it,
That means Republicans have gotten their wish -- President Obama has two months to decide on Keystone XL. And we have less than 60 days to make sure he does not approve it.
Tell President Obama: Reject the Keystone XL Pipeline.
President Obama promised us a thorough, transparent review of a new route after delaying the pipeline in November. And the hasty, accelerated timeline pushed by Republicans clearly won't allow this. As the State Department has said, 60 days isn't enough time to thoroughly evaluate the impacts and dangers of this project.
Republicans think they are trying to force a politically painful decision for the President. But instead, Republicans have served up our best opportunity to stop Keystone XL for good this time. Because the reality is, there's nothing politically painful about saying "NO" to a project that makes no sense.
This pipeline is a dangerous giveaway to a foreign oil company, that will pollute our land and water, will not produce a meaningful number of jobs, will not reduce our reliance on foreign oil one drop.
It was projects like this that President Obama inspired us to oppose when he said "Let's be the generation that finally frees America from the Tyranny of oil." He certainly did not say "let's be the generation that brings essentially game over to a liveable climate."
By delaying this pipeline, he was pushing this decision until after the election. Now he must face it.
This is the moment -- a 60 day window -- to inspire President Obama to be the President he told us he would be and make sure he does not approve this dirty pipeline.
Tell President Obama: Yes you can, stop the Keystone XL Pipeline!
The clock is ticking. With enough pressure, we will be closer than ever to defeating Keystone XL.
- President Obama
The Republicans' forced 60 day decision on the Keystone XL Pipeline is a giveaway to a foreign oil company that shows a stunning disregard for the American people. The comprehensive, open evaluation you promised is now impossible. Please reject the dirty, dangerous, and economically-damaging Keystone XL Pipeline once and for all.
CREDO Action started this petition with a single signature, and now has 6,404 supporters. Start a petition today to change something you care about. | <urn:uuid:777c9fc7-102a-4e14-9aa7-737a37311054> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.change.org/p/tell-president-obama-reject-the-keystone-xl-pipeline | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279489.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00013-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954526 | 503 | 1.820313 | 2 |
Cost of living in Zlín, Czech Republic compared to Al Qurayyat, Saudi Arabia
WARNING! This comparison is based on only a few data points. At this point it is only a guess. It is based on less than 10 prices entered by less than 5 different people.
These prices were last updated on October 11, 2016. Exchange rate: 0.14847 SAR / CZK
Do you live in Al Qurayyat? We need your help!
What do you think about this comparison?
Cost of living in Zlín (Czech Republic) is about the same as in Al Qurayyat (Saudi Arabia)
For example, to keep the same standard of living that would require ﷼ 3,125 in Al Qurayyat you would need to make just about ﷼ 3,054 (20,569 Kč) in Zlín.
Recent Prices Added
- Public transport in London costs £250 (3 minutes ago)
- 1 us gal of whole fat milk in Salt Lake City, Utah costs $0.79 (43 minutes ago)
- Public transport in Oakland, California costs $120 (about 1 hour ago)
- One-way ticket in public transport in New Orleans, Louisiana costs $1.25 (about 2 hours ago) | <urn:uuid:7dbfe780-10e5-477f-af79-05d584078ba4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.expatistan.com/cost-of-living/comparison/al-qurayyat/zlin | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00216-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.922772 | 274 | 1.585938 | 2 |
How do you capture your brilliant ideas or dictate memos when you're on the go? One way is to leave yourself a voicemail message. Even better: Use a voicemail service that automatically transcribes your messages into text, so you don't have to type them up later.
I've done this with some success using Vonage's Visual Voicemail service. I use Vonage for my office phone. And on occasion, I'll call and dictate memos, ideas for articles, and other thoughts as they come to me. The Visual Voicemail feature captures those messages, e-mails them to me as .wav files, and transcribes them, too (for an extra 25 cents per message).
The Vonage transcription is often highly accurate. To see for yourself, read the transcription below and compare it to the voicemail message I left for myself, calling from a cell phone.
"this is a message from my cellphone. i wanted to see how well the vonage service would transcribe my messsage and see if it came out accurately or is it garbled everything and so we'll see what happens. thank you.bye bye."
Actual voicemail message: | <urn:uuid:1c0629fd-a788-4279-8e7d-e5d2b0a6d677> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://traveler2.typepad.com/blog/2008/03/capturing-ideas.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00188-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.921636 | 242 | 1.546875 | 2 |
Global emissions of methane, a greenhouse gas multiple times more potent than CO2, rose by 9% in the decade through 2017, putting Earth on a track to warm by more than 3 degrees Celsius by the end of the century, according to an international study scheduled to be released Wednesday.
Atmospheric levels of the gas—emitted by digesting cows, leaky gas pipelines, and natural sources such as wetlands—have increased 2 1/2 times from pre-industrial levels, researcher Marielle Saunois said in a press briefing in Paris. Human activity accounts for about 60% of methane emissions, led by growing herds of livestock and emissions linked to oil and gas production.
Methane’s warming potential over a century is 28 times that of an equivalent mass of CO2, the researchers said. The current path of methane emissions lies between the two warmest scenarios used in projections by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, implying large cuts are needed to meet Paris Agreement targets. Warming by 3 degrees would be double the rate scientists have identified as needed to constrain the worst impacts of climate change.
“We’re on track for a scenario that is rather hot, and above 3 to 4 degrees,” Ms. Saunois said in her presentation of the study. “Emissions are rising, particularly in tropical zones.”
After stabilizing in the late 1990s and early 2000s, methane emissions have been rising since 2007, accelerating since 2014, according to the study. Average annual emissions of methane rose to an estimated 596 million tons in the period through 2017, from 546 million tons in the 2000–2006 period.
23% OF WARMING
The study, the work of more than 90 researchers as part of the Global Carbon Project, was published in the journal Earth Systems Science Data. A related paper on methane sources published in Environmental Research Letters found agriculture and fossil fuels were the main drivers behind increased emissions.
Methane—chemical formula CH4—is responsible for about 23% of all warming produced by greenhouse gases so far, the researchers said. Its lifetime in the atmosphere of around 9 years makes the gas a good target for climate change mitigation. Stabilizing or reducing emissions would have an impact on global warming within a few decades, they said.
Tropical regions were the source of 64% of global methane emissions, while northern high latitudes contributed 4%. The study didn’t find a significant effect from melting permafrost, though Ms. Saunois said “if the permafrost melts strongly, the emissions will increase.”
Agriculture and waste represented 56% of anthropogenic methane emissions, mainly linked to growing numbers of ruminant livestock that burp it up as they digest, the study found.
Contributions from Asia and Africa increased as livestock herds expanded there, Ms. Saunois said. Europe was the only region to lower methane emissions over the period, helped by a drop in dairy cattle numbers and changes in how farms store and treat manure.
Production and use of fossil fuels accounted on average for 35% of emissions linked to human activity. Oil and gas accounted for almost two-thirds of the fossil emissions, notably leaks during drilling of wells and from cast-iron natural gas distribution grids in older cities. Coal mining made up most of the remainder, mainly due to methane pumped from mine-ventilation shafts. — Bloomberg | <urn:uuid:04d16f88-962e-4ed0-a771-f5e67c662ce3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bworldonline.com/world/2020/07/15/305366/cow-burps-leaky-pipelines-put-earth-on-high-end-warming-track/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.945662 | 705 | 3.984375 | 4 |
The latest Comscore figures reveal people are using the web less and less. Total Internet audience is stable in the US with 222 million unique monthly visitors. But from February 2013 to February 2014, the average time spent on the web per visitor went down by a scary 17 percent from 35 hours per month (2108 minutes) to 29 hours per month (1741 minutes).
News Websites are Shrinking. Quickly.
News websites are especially suffering from this dramatic shift. Yahoo News, the number one news website in US with 73 monthly million unique visitors, dropped by 25 percent to 54 million unique visitors over the last year. Even worse, the average time a user spends on the site went down 14 percent. Usually when the base decreases, the average number of minutes remains relatively constant because the site retains its core users. In this case, both users and time decreased dramatically, signaling a sea change in user behavior. In another example, NYTimes.com saw a decrease in users by only 6 percent but the total number of minutes spent on the site fell by 41 percent. What Yahoo! And The New York Times are experiencing is a global trend, as illustrated in the graph below. The web news industry isn’t just losing users, but time spent on their sites at an impressive speed. | <urn:uuid:35b639a8-0a81-4860-abe0-486f89634137> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.zmetro.com/?p=5818 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00383-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.928663 | 263 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Table of Contents
Becoming a doctor is a passion driven profession, and it shouldn't be sought after to gain riches and fame. That should be reserved for other careers.
When wanting to study medicine in South Africa, you have to aware that you will be exposed to many acute illnesses which include tuberculosis, hepatitis B, HIV, as well as injuries from trauma caused by violence and motor vehicle accidents. Medicine needs to be a calling and you need to be a hard and smart, not necessarily clever (as the medical schools want you to be), worker.
The South African undergraduate medical degree
The undergraduate medical degree in South Africa is abbreviated as M.B.,Ch.B., which stands for the latin Medicinae Baccalaureus, Baccalaureus Chirurgiae (translated as Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery). This is the exact same qualification as the American M.D. (Medical Doctor) and the British M.B.,B.S.
Studying straight after school
Unlike the American system, where students need to complete a pre-med course or part of one, South African learners can be accepted into medical schools across the country when they have completed high school. There are those learners who take a year off to complete post-matric studies by taking part in subjects that they need in order to be accepted into medicine which are; Mathematics, Physical Sciences and Life Sciences (previously known as biology); or they can enter a Bachelor of Science programme if they are not accepted into medical school immediately after school.
The criteria for acceptance into a medical school includes doing exceptionally well in the mentioned subjects, and also passing the National Benchmark Tests (NBTs) on a proficient level.
Nowadays, the Faculty of Health Sciences at the universities with medical schools have a B.Med.Sc. (Bachelor of Medical Sciences) course. This is chosen by prospective medical students, who haven't been accepted into medical school, as the subjects in this programme are similar to those in the first year of medicine. These students then use the marks from their first semester to apply to the medical school for the following year.
How long do you have to study
All the undergraduate medical degrees in South Africa are 6 year programme, except for the University of the Free State which has a 5 year medical degree programme. Many of the medical schools also have what's called an Extended Degree Programme, where students have 2 years to complete the first year of study. This is usually reserved for students from historically disadvantaged backgrounds who just need extra time in order to catch up with the work.
How good of a degree is the South African M.B.,Ch.B.
South African medical schools are known for providing excellent theoretical and practical training to their medical students who end up with excellent skill-sets. These medical schools are at the fore-front of clinical research and technological advancements, and these students are exposed to all these aspects.
South African doctors are sought after all over the world, and this degree in internationally recognized on the same level as the American, British and Australian medical degrees. | <urn:uuid:b81588d3-5a42-465c-8fe4-3f2edebaa6f2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.steadyhealth.com/articles/completing-an-undergraduate-medical-degree-in-south-africa | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00168-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968226 | 635 | 2.34375 | 2 |
Choruses For Male Voice/ Orchestra
Shipping time: In stock | Expected delivery 1-2 days | Free UK Delivery
Drawing on the romantic spirit in music, Schubert's moving setting is of a poem by Goethe which compares a rushing waterfall to the soul of man, while Strauss's gorgeous Mittagsruhe depicts the peace of a summer noontide. Narrative vocal traditions are heard in Sibelius's nationalist Vapautettu kuningatar, Bruckner's heroic Helgoland, and Grieg's Landkjenning, which tells of the 10th century Norwegian king Oleg Tryggvason. Das Liebesmahl der Apostel anticipates the religious ecstasies of Wagner's Parsifal, while Debussy's early cantata Invocation resonates with Gallic sparkle.
Write your own review
You must log in to be able to write a review | <urn:uuid:4784a0e1-e3ca-46c8-890e-f826ddc5ef3c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://naxosdirect.co.uk/items/choruses-for-male-voice-orchestra-mikael-stenbaeck-daniel-hellstrom-lund-student-singers-malmo-opera-orchestra-alberto-hold-garrido-naxos-8.572871-158838 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00315-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.830146 | 190 | 1.867188 | 2 |
A mission to serve the common good has characterized Maine cultural life since the earliest years of the nineteenth century. Collaborative institutions and initiatives within the arts and cultural community have developed and evolved in service of that goal. From professional organizations such as the Maine Charitable Mechanics, Union of Maine Visual Artists, and Maine Archives and Museums; to exhibition initiatives such as the Maine biennials, the Maine Art Museum Trail, and the “Projects” of the Maine Curators’ Forum; to collections-based projects such as Maine Memory Network and the Langlais Art Trail, this article demonstrates how the state’s museums, historical societies, and other arts and cultural organizations work collaboratively and independently at the same time, to their own mutual benefit as well as that of the people of Maine.
Routhier, Jessica S. . "The Common Good: Collaboration among Cultural Institutions in Maine." Maine Policy Review 24.1 (2015) : 105 -110, http://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mpr/vol24/iss1/31. | <urn:uuid:4352477d-2943-4488-8f6c-30397774c17e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mpr/vol24/iss1/31/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00090-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.92436 | 224 | 2.484375 | 2 |
“Maybe it’s our behavior,
That we bend the facts to fit our self-image,
perpetuating a view of ourselves,
that is often more positive than accurate..”
You see, when it come to career, I’ve always interested about “attitude” & behavior, just trying to understand my career more. And, this is another honest reality-based post, taken from various resource. I’ve noticed that various people doing those “self-deception” about their career. In fact, those “self-deception” can be used to make ourselves feel better, but sometimes it can cause problems.
Accompanied by denial, rationalization is used to justify things we do that we know are wrong. To sum it up, it is the way we allow ourselves to avoid facts. But, I think, rationalized are made so ourselves can feel better about a choice or decision at work, even deep down, we knew it was questionable.
The Better-Than-Average Effect
Have you ever involved on “Performance Appraisal” process at your company? If you ever done it, then you’ll notice that most people usually think they’re better or more than average, or having more than satisfied performace, etc. Let’s be honest, how many times have you thought to yourself, “I’m better than my co-workers.”?
Illusions of Control
It’s like that we convince ourselves that the randomness of life doesn’t apply to us. Others may be unable to manage their own workload, but somehow we think we can. Many workers think that if they do their job well and stay ‘under-the-radar’ at work, then they should be able to keep their job as long as they want it, a controllable job security. Do you think your hard-working efforts on-the-job ensure a job is yours for as long as you want it? | <urn:uuid:6f64e464-a590-4b91-ab37-efe80c691d26> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.armetra.com/category/job-career/page/2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00455-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.97468 | 431 | 2.078125 | 2 |
One in eight people in England are taking antidepressants after the lockdowns fuelled a 7% increase in demand for medication in one year, NHS statistics show. The Telegraph has the story.
Charities said the official figures were an “alarming” sign of an escalating crisis, with the numbers taking the pills rising by more than half a million in one year.
The statistics show a record 8.3 million people being prescribed the drugs, of whom two thirds are female.
It comes after the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) said in November that people suffering mild depression should be offered a choice of exercise or therapy instead of being put on pills.
The body recommended group classes in areas such as meditation or behavioural therapy, or opting for individual counselling sessions.
Last year Prof Sir Stephen Powis, National Medical Director for the NHS in England, said doctors were too often offering “a pill for every ill’’, warning that over-prescribing was costing the NHS “millions”.
The new statistics released by the NHS Business Services Authority show that since 2015/6, the total number of people on antidepressants has risen by 22%…
In the year 2020/21 8.32 million were prescribed antidepressants – up 540,000 in one year, the statistics show. Among them were 71,000 children and young people aged 17 and under – where prescribing rose by 9% in a year.
Of those, almost 12,000 were aged between 10 and 14, while 780 were below the age of 10.
Last year a survey by mental health charity Mind found that two thirds of adults said their mental health had worsened since the first national lockdown.
One quarter of those polled said they had experienced mental distress for the first time during the pandemic. | <urn:uuid:287f7d46-0039-4804-8898-8191ede95a8c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://davidicke.com/2022/07/09/8-3-million-people-in-england-on-antidepressants-after-lockdowns-up-7-in-one-year/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.976586 | 369 | 2.046875 | 2 |
The advent of podcasting
They say history tends to repeat itself, but I disagree. Things don’t simply come back. Instead, they grow out of a historical soil enriched by lessons of years prior.
In the 1920s, when radio first became accessible to the general public, it had a significant cultural impact. People made time to huddle around their crystal radios in order to hear broadcasts of music, news and entertainment.
Today, these subjects have shifted to different media. Portable memory and streaming services moved music to the cell phone. The demand for visual immersion made computers and television the primary sources of news and entertainment.
Here comes the podcast, feeling no shame in being your background. While radio looks to cater to the masses with its music and advertisements, podcasts cater to the 21st century.
Equally important to providing a better answer to “what,” is catering to “when” and “where” something is heard. Users can subscribe to a podcast and automatically have it accessible on multiple devices.
Despite the accessibility, it’s the content itself that has raised popularity of the medium.
While one of the main attractions of the podcast comes from the diversity of content available, they all strive for the same thing — to be interesting.
Last summer, while helping my mom clear out our garden, I got addicted to Dan Carlin’s Hardcore History, a podcast in which the host thoroughly examines watershed moments in history. His magnum opus “Blueprint for Armageddon” is a 24-hour audio megalith, split into six episodes, that explores the First Word War.
I dove in with the intention of having something to shift my focus while I tugged on weeds and swept away dirt.
At the end of my day, I cleaned a section of my backyard, went shopping, finished a home workout and became an expert on the political, social and economic climate in Europe from 1914 to 1918.
Ironically, I’d taken a class on the very subject, but my teacher wasn’t very interesting. Podcasts thrive due to their personalities.
Joe Rogan hosts a range of intellectuals, mixed martial arts fighters and comedians in order to gain perspective on cultural events.
Bill Simmons surveys the sports world through interviews with friends, athletes and media members.
Existing in the background of whatever you’re doing, they sneak into real, thought-provoking conversation.
I have a theory. I feel we’ve collectively gotten tired of the manufactured presentation of personality. Placed in suits and dresses with makeup, flashing lights and TV cameras, personalities on the screen seem so far removed from the average humans we regularly encounter.
Podcasts refreshingly offer uninterrupted conversation, restoring humanity within media. Freed from the cage of time limits and marketing agendas, personalities are relaxed and thus more open.
The audio format also gives space to the listener to formulate their own thoughts, instead of having an audio-visual overload.
Importantly, it also counters fears of political correctness present in our culture. It’s an opportunity to fully explain oneself and caters to more controversial and complex opinions.
Therefore, in a media field occupied by manufactured presentations, we’ve gravitated back to one of the most natural human occurrences — conversation. | <urn:uuid:fa644f70-0eae-4c76-a8d1-e327dc38ee00> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thecord.ca/the-advent-of-podcasting/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.93957 | 682 | 1.976563 | 2 |
There are advantages and disadvantages in buying used cars. It all depends on the person's ability to negotiate, his knowledge on buying a particular make or model of automobile and the sources from which you can buy your vehicle. Preference, convenience and needs of the auto buyer are also very important.
Key Advantages of Used Cars:
Many people buy used vehicle only for the reason that they cannot afford to buy a new car. Like any new which loses value as soon as depreciation goes out, you can get a low mile run of used vehicle to a very less amount compared to its new counterpart auto. Also, you can get the dream car where buyer with all the necessary for a very low price provided the purchaser has to be patient and have the vehicle of your choice from a variety of sources characteristics and possible to buy a used auto even up to half the purchase price of a new.
Wide range of models, brands and colors are available for the purchaser to buy a used one. Good quality automobile are available when purchasing an off leased as they are well maintained, operated by one person and are available with an impeccable look with all integrated functions Moreover, today is possible to transfer the factory warranty of the car by the previous owner, if your have a warranty.
Used Cars: Major Disadvantages:
The interest rate for purchase is very important. In the case of buying used cars the interest rates are slightly higher than new cars because it involves more risk for the lender making loans on used cars. There are zero percent loans and financing readily available more for new cars then used cars.
There is no guarantee or assurance offered to the purchaser when buying a used vehicle if the car is in good condition or with the right mileage. Moreover, there is no guarantee that the automobile is maintained properly and is free from any kind of accidents. There may be problems in your vehicle's engine or transmission may be out of sight of the buyer. Sometimes the purchaser may end up spending more money to maintain the possibility that you would spend on a new automobile. In such cases, the purchaser loses his peace with innumerable problems caused.
When you buy a used car, the buyer should be very knowledgeable about itself. It should fit in the course of history, maintenance records, terms and conditions of the vehicle, paperwork etc. If not, the buyer may end up with a big problem that can last forever.
Hosmer Toyota Iowa City Used Car Dealers provides you a wide range of Toyota Used Cars in Mason City. They also provide you a Car Repair Service & Toyota Original Parts. For more information please visit hosmertoyota.com. | <urn:uuid:bb0f687e-86db-4fea-9d1f-57d6e4a81112> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://amp.sooperarticles.com/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-buying-used-cars-1287686 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00068.warc.gz | en | 0.956223 | 534 | 1.71875 | 2 |
Music and weed – they are an amazing match! It’s no secret that many musicians, both now and back in the day, use marijuana. The legendary ‘Summer of Love’ wouldn’t have existed without it! Marijuana was synonymous with jazz music, and plays an underlying part in many of the great pieces from the golden age of jazz. But drug use and musicians go back way further than that, so let’s see what we can find out.
Musicians and Weed
Although they didn’t have access to a weed pen – an essential and affordable device if you want to enjoy your cannabis safely and easily – the great classical composers of old were not immune to using drugs, even way back then. In fact, the availability of drugs even we would consider dangerous now was widespread in centuries gone by.
The great Wolfgang Mozart, for example, was a heavy drinker and may have smoked more than tobacco. Hector Berlioz, an innovator in music in no small way, was into opium, a popular drug of the time, as was Chopin, regarded by many as one of the finest of all tunesmiths.
Latter day composers such as Terry Riley, a master of minimalist music in the mid-20th century, used marijuana and LSD to help boost creativity. Robert Schumann took ‘mind altering drugs’ and is known to have quinine.
Move into the realms of rock music and the 1960’s and we see the beginnings of the marijuana revolution in music. The Beatles and the Rolling Stones – two of the biggest bands both then and now – each had their run-ins with the law and were not afraid to admit to taking drugs including cannabis. Lennon’s famous ‘A Day in the Life’ – the epic that closes the drug-fuelled ‘Sgt Pepper’s’ album – includes the line ‘found my way upstairs and had a smoke’ – a direct reference to smoking weed on the bus!
So what is it about marijuana that helps musicians get their vibe? What is the link between marijuana and creativity not just in music, but in the arts in general.
Why Marijuana Helps Creativity
We’ve mentioned just some famous musicians who use weed above but in truth we could go on and list many, many more from the 1960’s right through to the present day. Now that marijuana is being legalised in many states of the USA – and has been decriminalised in many more – it is no surprise that musicians are more open about their use of cannabis, and how it helps the creative process.
For many people, the best explanation is that cannabis ‘opens the mind’. It seems to open doors that lead to greater creativity and experimentation, an ability to see beyond our normal limits and create music or write words that come more easily. Cannabis is used by many musicians as an inspiration as well as to relax and enjoy the moment. That the two go together is no surprise when we consider that science has decreed music as a sort of drug of its own, something that stimulates certain hormone production in the body, giving us a feeling that is beyond that we consider normal.
Music and weed, a perfect combination? In the right amounts most certainly, but overdoing it can lead to a messy composition! It cannot be coincidence that so many musicians across so many genres – from jazz to hip-hop, rock to country and more – all feature famous stars who are not averse to a bit of the old weed! It’s been there, helping us get creative, for a long time now and it doesn’t look like it’s going anywhere fast! | <urn:uuid:f3879aa7-825a-41d9-8f3b-9eeb53d15cde> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://unwinnable.com/2021/06/06/music-and-weed-an-amazing-match/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571502.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811194507-20220811224507-00067.warc.gz | en | 0.974453 | 770 | 1.640625 | 2 |
The World Health Organization (WHO) called for “drastic action” Wednesday to address the unprecedented Ebola outbreak in West Africa, and announced it would convene a meeting of the health ministers of 11 countries in early July to develop a response plan to prevent the disease from crossing more borders.
“This is no longer a country-specific outbreak but a sub-regional crisis that requires firm action by governments and partners. WHO is gravely concerned [about] the ongoing cross-border transmission into neighboring countries as well as the potential for further international spread,” Dr. Luis Sambo, WHO regional director for Africa, said in a statement. “There is an urgent need to intensify response efforts, to promote cross-border collaboration and information sharing of suspected cases and contacts in line with WHO guidelines, and to mobilize all sectors of the community to ensure unhindered access to affected areas. This is the only way that the outbreak will be effectively addressed.”
As of Tuesday, the WHO had recorded 635 cases of hemorrhagic fever, the primary sign of Ebola. In Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia, 399 have died from the virus, making the outbreak the largest ever “in terms of the number of cases and deaths as well as geographical spread,” the WHO said. | <urn:uuid:78a11ab5-4252-4049-bee7-59c8070292f3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.infowars.com/world-health-organization-unprecedented-ebola-outbreak-requires-drastic-action/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00569-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960274 | 265 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Physical Exercise Four Hours after Learning Improves Long-Term Memory
Adam Rifkin stashed this in Memory!
A new study in the journal Current Biology shows that physical exercise after learning improves memory and memory traces, but only if the exercise is done in a specific time window and not immediately after learning.
The scientists found that those who exercised four hours after their learning session retained the information better two days later than those who exercised either immediately or not at all.
The MR images also showed that exercise after a time delay was associated with more precise representations in the hippocampus, an area important to learning and memory, when an individual answered a question correctly.
“Our results suggest that appropriately timed physical exercise can improve long-term memory and highlight the potential of exercise as an intervention in educational and clinical settings,” the scientists said.
It’s not yet clear exactly how or why delayed exercise has this effect on memory.
However, earlier studies of lab animals suggest that naturally occurring chemical compounds in the body known as catecholamines, including dopamine and norepinephrine, can improve memory consolidation.
One way to boost catecholamines is through physical exercise.
Top Reddit comment:
Delayed exercise is better than immediate exercise which is the same as no exercise. Do your memorising, then take a break, then exercise. No information on how long a break is best, only 0 hours and 4 hours were tested. Maybe. | <urn:uuid:be3a3fdc-4322-4f39-b328-01ac631c8498> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://pandawhale.com/post/72360/physical-exercise-four-hours-after-learning-improves-long-term-memory | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00557-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958841 | 297 | 3.046875 | 3 |
Disruptive forces are among us irrespective of which sector one chooses to focus on, and the impact of technology, such as robotics, is just barely scratching the surface. This gives ETF investors the opportunity to jump in on disruptive-focused funds that delve into technology that is transformative.
According to Shahin Farshchi of Lux Capital who opined on the industry in a Tech Crunch article, the area of robotics has yet to heat up in terms of oversaturation.
Trends in robotics that elicit excitement:
“The opportunity to unlock human superpowers:
- Increase productivity to enhance creativity leading to new products and businesses.
- Automating dangerous tasks and eliminating undesirable, dangerous jobs in mining, manufacturing, and shipping/logistics.
- Making the most deadly mode of transport: driving, 100% safe.”
Time spent on robotics and whether the industry is underheated:
- “Three-quarters of the new opportunities I look at involve some sort of automation.
- The market for robot startups attempting direct human labor replacement, floor-sweeping, and dumb-waiter robots, and robotic lawnmowers and vacuums is OVER heated (too many startups).
- The market for robot startups that assist human workers, increase human productivity, and automate undesirable human tasks is UNDER heated (not enough startups).”
To take advantage of this transformative movement, investors can look at the ARK Innovation Fund (NYSEArca: ARKK). ARKK’s focus is primarily on domestic and foreign equity securities of companies that coincide with the ETF’s investment theme of disruptive innovation–a technology or strategy that disrupts the status quo and develops its own niche market.
ARKK invests in both developed and emerging markets with the intent to use American Depositary Receipts (ADRs)–securities offered in the U.S., but are offered as a specified number of shares in a foreign corporation.
- Exposure to Innovation: Aims for thematic multi-cap exposure to innovation across sectors.ARK believes the securities held in ARKK present the best risk-reward opportunities from ARK’sinnovation-based themes.
- Growth Potential: Aims to capture long-term alpha+ with low correlation of relative returns totraditional growth strategies and negative correlation to value strategies.
- Diversification: Offers a tool for diversification due to little overlap with traditional indices.It can be a complement to traditional value/growth strategies.
- Research: Combines top-down and bottom-up research in its portfolio management to identify innovative companies and convergence across markets.
- Cost Effectiveness: Provides a lower cost alternative to mutual funds with true active management in an Exchange Traded Fund (ETF) that invests in rapidly moving themes.
For more market trends, visit ETF Trends. | <urn:uuid:7913e57c-b23d-4024-9583-6096d6a3d12b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.etftrends.com/innovative-etfs-channel/the-impact-of-robotics-is-just-scratching-the-surface/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572581.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816211628-20220817001628-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.913271 | 586 | 1.671875 | 2 |
SickKiwi asks: "A client, a local polytechnic, has recently asked me to come up with plans for a mobile IT bus to bring technology to rural areas. I would love to find out what other people in the field have come up with in the way of workstation layout, OS choices and Internet connectivity. There doesn't appear to be a huge amount of material available but as the technology gets smaller, mobile classrooms become more and more practical." What vehicles would work best for this kind of application? A converted bus? A mobile home? An 18-wheeler with a heavily customized trailer? What kind of hardware would you put in it? | <urn:uuid:da354879-31fa-4440-96e3-4186346fe2c0> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://ask.slashdot.org/story/02/01/17/1744222/mobile-it-education | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718426.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00137-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973092 | 135 | 1.742188 | 2 |
What individuals amongst them could change everything in the worlds we've created and how? What would the impact be of them doing this? What if they decided not to change anything? Is the status quo maintainable (and should it be)? Is the world you've created crying out for change and needs the right character to do it? Even if your "right" character is willing to carry out the changes needed, how do they reach that decision and what obstacles are in their way? Do they ever doubt themselves and their "mission"?
There are some cracking stories to be written answering those questions. Of course, for the last couple, I was thinking of The Lord of the Rings, but while I know I won't ever write anything on that scale (few of us could!), we can still answer those questions for our own stories and bring more drama and tension into them, which should hopefully keep our readers wanting more from us!
Image Credit: All images in the slideshow are from free to use website, Pixabay. | <urn:uuid:89ca9e5e-b4fc-4ec0-993a-a10ad0362e66> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://allisonsymes-thisworldandothers.weebly.com/blog---creating-worlds/changing-the-world | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571198.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810161541-20220810191541-00269.warc.gz | en | 0.975272 | 206 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Privacy Argumentation (PriArg) is a framework that protects users’ privacy in online social networks through argumentation. Each user in a social network (e.g., Facebook) is represented by an agent, which is a computer program that can perceive, reason and act on behalf of its user. Agents have to be fully aware of their users’ privacy constraints and social network knowledge to act on behalf of them. Therefore, each agent is equipped with an ontology. When an agent wants to share a post in an online social network, it starts a discussion with other relevant agents (e.g., a tagged agent in a picture) to decide whether the post can be shared or not. Discussion is conducted with a well known structured argumentation approach; assumption-based argumentation. With this approach, agents are able to express their claims through arguments, understand the reason behind an argument and persuade other agents that their claim is true. We believe argumentation has a big potential for protecting privacy in online social networks with its capability to handle inconsistent knowledge.
We provide four example scenarios to show the capability of PriArg. When a user wants to share a post in an online social network, her agent starts an argumentation session with other relevant agents. Each agent provides arguments to express its claims. These arguments are constructed using rules, assumptions and facts. Therefore in each scenario, agents provide SWRL rules, assumptions and facts from their ontology to express themselves.
We provided social network users Example 1 through an online survey and a personal interview. Then, we asked them whether the post can be shared or not when according to the information in the scenario. At last, we compared their decision with PriArg results. In the first part of the experiment, we collected the demographic information of participants. In the second part of the experiment, we provided Scenario 1 and asked participants whether the post can be shared or not.
Demographic questions for Personal Interview and Online Survey
We provided participants new information in each step. Participants answered the questions by considering all of the information that are provided them so far.
You can download PriArg by clicking here. Follow the instructions below to try the current version in your computer. Current version is available only for Ubuntu OS. However, you can also try PriArg online by clicking here.
- Install a server (e.g., tomcat) in your computer.
- Install Sicstus prolog in your computer by following this link.
- Download abagraph by following this link. Abagraph looks for prolog files under data folder. If there is no data folder under abagraph folder, create one. Make sure that the data folder is writable by your server user. PriArg will put newly created files in this folder.
- Sicstus uses abagraph.pl file to calculate the result of an argumentation. abagraph.pl is located under the code folder of abagraph. Give permission to access every file under the code folder.
- Abagraph uses graphviz to create a graphical representation of the argumentation. You can download graphviz from here.
- Download priargdemo.war file. Open config.properties file under the WEB-INF folder. config.properties includes paths to the sicstus, the data file and the abagraph.pl. Update these paths according to the installations in your computer.
- Put priarg.war under webapps folder under your server.
- Check your localhost. Type the scenario name that you want to run in the text field and click the discuss button. The four scenarios that are explained in the example scenarios section can be tested in PriArg.
- Agents provide each other arguments during the argumentation. An argument is supported by rules. However, revealing privacy rules may also violate the privacy of an agent. PriArg uses an abstraction mechanism to prevent such violations. Each agent specifies an abstraction level, which is set to 0 by default. Before an agent provides its privacy rule to another agent, it will first take each predicate in the rule. Then it will find the parent entity of these predicates in its ontology. At last, it will change the original predicate with the parent predicate. Thus, agents provide reasons without giving specific details.
- In PriArg, agents may have four type of profiles. Profile of an agent specifies where the information that the agent uses comes from ( i.e., from its own ontology or from the ontology of other agents). By default, each agent in PriArg has profile 4. So that, an agents first searches for information in its own ontology. In case it cannot find the necessary information, it asks other agents in the social network for the information.
- An Argumentation Approach for Resolving Privacy Disputes in Online Social Networks (to appear)
Kökciyan Nadin, Yaglikci Nefise, Yolum Pınar. In: ACM Transactions on Internet Technology (TOIT)
- Argumentation for Resolving Privacy Disputes in Online Social Networks (Extended Abstract) [URL] [PDF]
Kökciyan Nadin, Yaglikci Nefise, Yolum Pınar. International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS), pp. 1361-1362, 2016
- Argumentation for Protecting Users’ Privacy in Online Social Networks (Master thesis)
Yaglikci, N.G. (2016). Bogazici University, İstanbul, Turkey. | <urn:uuid:1de8f248-d5d2-41fc-b33f-0883da2b9799> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://mas.cmpe.boun.edu.tr/ontology-based-privacy-management-for-social-software/priarg/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280791.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00363-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.874232 | 1,137 | 2.421875 | 2 |
The Douglas VC-54C Skymaster is the first aircraft purpose-built to fly the President of the United States.
This VC-54C was used by Presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman.
Carrying the staff transport “VC” designation, the aircraft was officially named The Flying White House. However, the aircraft became better known by its unofficial nickname, "Sacred Cow", a reference to the high security surrounding the aircraft and its special status.
In 1943, President Franklin D. Roosevelt became the first US president to fly in an airplane while in office. The VC-54C aircraft included a sleeping area, radio telephone, and retractable elevator to lift Roosevelt in his wheelchair.
The Sacred Cow carried President Roosevelt to the Yalta Conference in February 1945. Illustrating the high stakes associated with presidential airlift, the Sacred Cow’s serial number was changed for the flight as a special security measure. The trip to Yalta was Roosevelt’s only flight aboard the aircraft before his untimely death in April 1945.
Roosevelt’s successor, Harry S. Truman, used the aircraft extensively during the first 27 months of his administration. On July 26, 1947, President Truman signed the National Security Act of 1947 on board the Sacred Cow. This act established the US Air Force as an independent service, making the Sacred Cow the “birthplace” of the US Air Force.
After the Sacred Cow left presidential service, the USAF continued using it for other transport duties until the airplane was finally retired in October 1961. The Sacred Cow flew more than 1,500,000 miles, equivalent to 70 times around the world before it was transported to the National Museum of the US Air Force in 1983. After ten years and more than 34,000 hours of work, the aircraft was placed on permanent display appearing as it did during President Roosevelt’s trip to Yalta. | <urn:uuid:4e959c79-1253-48bd-9e8a-23ac84f31d15> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.daytonlocal.com/blog/history/douglas-vc-54c-sacred-cow.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00078.warc.gz | en | 0.969874 | 397 | 2.984375 | 3 |
As a youngster of about 6, your webmaster’s father arranged to have him taken up for his first airplane ride at Curtiss-Wright Field north of Chicago, Illinois (it was also a Naval Reserve Training Station). That first airplane adventure hooked yours truly on becoming a pilot which I did, some 8 years later only a few miles from that old Curtiss Airport. At that time, WWII was in full swing (1944) and the old Curtiss Airport was now a hyper-busy all-Navy Flight Training Station (NAS).
But, back in 1935, that first airplane ride was on the civilian side of Curtiss Airport, and in a Stinson Reliant owned by American Airlines and sometimes used to give the public their first flying experience. This is a photo of that plane (an airplane built by the same family featured below):
And now, let’s explore an example of the vital role often played in early American aviation pioneering by the family of some of those intrepid pilots . . . both male and female. This Stinson Family Video is only 11:50 long. Suggest you watch this in full-expanded size on your screen: | <urn:uuid:49e9beb0-6f44-4e51-b758-eaaa198e8aec> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://firstaerosquadron.com/2022/03/22/the-american-familys-vital-role-among-aviation-pioneers/comment-page-1/?amp=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.974227 | 242 | 2.890625 | 3 |
Geodesic EEG Mobile - GEM 100 - system Digital Electroencephalograph The GEM 100 is a high-performance clinical EEG system developed as part of a unique collaboration between Electrical Geodesics, Inc. and ATES MEDICA Device srl. The GEM 100 permits the use of EGI's HCGSN 32 - channel electrode system with the GEM 100 amplifier and Neurotravel software from ATES MEDICA DEVICE. The GEM 100 system is based on powerful USB and Bluetooth® technology for the acquisition of EEG traces in both ambulatory and stationary modes. When used as an ambulatory recorder, the GEM 100 is powered via an internal Li-Ion battery, rechargeable via the USB port. It records data on Compact Flash cards in EDF+ format, allowing recordings to be read on a variety of compatible systems. The unit features a control panel with a backlit LCD display for viewing and controlling the operation mode. Options - Laser printer, inkjet color printer. - On-line thermal printer. - Archive disk on CDROM, DVD etc. - Network software for EEG recordings and report management. - Software for Brain Mapping. - Digital VideoEEG. - Neurotravel GROUP review and archive station.
- Number of channels: : 32-channel | <urn:uuid:962c7c35-0ecb-4cae-abff-d34ca00278ac> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://healthmanagement.org/products/view/32-channel-electroencephalograph-gem-100-ates-medica-device-1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721008.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00116-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.81404 | 262 | 1.515625 | 2 |
SALT LAKE CITY — The Utah Wildlife Board has approved changes in fishing regulations for the new year.
All of the changes the board approved will be available in the 2014 Utah Fishing Guidebook, available free at www.wildlife.utah.gov/guidebooks by early December.
Among the changes:
Anglers can have more fish in your possession. Starting Jan. 1, the possession limit will be twice the daily limit at most fishing waters in Utah.
The possession limit will not change at Strawberry or Flaming Gorge reservoirs, however. Anglers who have a limit of fish at home cannot fish these waters until they’ve eaten at least one of the fish.
Anglers won’t be required to eat fish caught at Utah's 10 catch-and-kill waters. Currently, Utah has a regulation that does not allow fish to be “wasted.” “You must eat the fish you keep,” Cushing says.
Starting Jan. 1, the “wasting” rule will be eliminated at catch-and-kill waters. Also, there will no longer be a wasting rule for common carp, no matter where in the state the carp are caught. | <urn:uuid:c0d7c359-69a2-4169-a9ff-1a2f1864a5eb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.deseretnews.com/article/865590155/Utah-Wildlife-Board-approves-fishing-changes-for-2014.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00200-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.931861 | 250 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Tax Credit for Hiring Veterans
"When I became Chairman, I pledged to take a comprehensive approach to reducing veterans' unemployment. I firmly believe that approach must include incentives for small businesses to invest in hiring veterans," stated Miller. "This unique approach not only employs veterans, but also incentivizes small businesses to purchase capital equipment creating even more jobs for all Americans. I am confident that with the partner legislation I have introduced today, we can bring veteran unemployment below 5% in the next two years."The tax credit provides small businesses, including veteran-owned businesses, the option to grow their companies, while also hiring a jobless veteran. Several protections within the legislation ensure that veterans will be hired for the right reasons and prevent abuse.
"We all agree that the tax code must be simplified. Thousands of regulations hinder small businesses, the engine of our economy, from prospering," said Miller.
"Coupled with broader efforts to keep taxes and regulations on small businesses to a minimum, this credit will incentivize job creators and provide our veterans with meaningful employment."
A legislative hearing on the VOW Act will be held on July 15, 2011, at 10 a.m.
Background: The Veteran Opportunity to Work Act of 2011
There are an alarming number of unemployed veterans in the United States ¨C nearly 1 million today. As Iraq and Afghanistan veterans come home, and as Vietnam, Cold War, and Persian Gulf War veterans can't find or lose their jobs, the economy is losing some of its best and brightest leaders and workers.
The House Committee on Veterans' Affairs is committed to helping the men and women who have served our nation and protected our Liberty compete in today's austere economic climate through comprehensive legislation that provides a 360 solution to veteran unemployment. Introducing the Veteran Opportunity to Work Act of 2011 (H.R. 2433).
Veterans Out of Work
- Vietnam Era Veterans: 250,000
- Cold War Era Veterans: 278,000
- Persian Gulf War Era Veterans: 167,000
- Iraq and Afghanistan Era Veterans: 232,000
The Veteran Opportunity to Work Act of 2011
The Transition Assistance Program (TAP)
TAP provides service members who are about to be discharged with job seeking skills such as resume writing to help their transition to the civilian world. But are these programs working? The VOW Act enhances TAP to ensure it is effective, measures success, and requires an ongoing review of the program to strengthen it for the 21st century. In addition, the VOW Act will make attendance at TAP classes mandatory for all service members.
Education & Training
Through the Post-9/11 GI Bill more veterans are getting a secondary education more than ever before. 48% of veterans using education benefits are enrolled in 4-year colleges and universities, 33% are enrolled in two-year colleges, 8% are enrolled in graduate school, and 11% are enrolled in an on-the-job training program or apprenticeship. We have laid the foundation to have the most robust, qualified veteran workforce since World War II.
The VOW Act will also enable 100,000 unemployed veterans of past wars to receive up to 1-year of Montgomery GI Bill benefits. This opportunity will allow veterans to acquire the skills to find employment in today's global market.
To give state governors maximum flexibility in the funds they receive to help veterans find jobs, the VOW Act will give governors the option of using up to 25% of the funding for direct training services for veterans.
National Guard & Reserve
The VOW Act honors the service of our National Guard and Reserve ¨C 14% of whom are currently unemployed. When they left their job to serve their nation, their employer, by law, must reemploy them upon return. Unfortunately, this is not always the case. The VOW Act strengthens the protections provided by the Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act (USERRA).
Licensing & Certification
Despite America's military having some of the best-trained professionals, the inability to be credentialed or licensed in their field prevents these men and women from obtaining meaningful and gainful employment that makes use of their military training. These professions include, but are not limited to, combat medics, truck drivers, and aircraft technicians.
The VOW Act will work with the Department of Labor and the states to identify roadblocks to obtaining employment.
Read the bill (H.R. 2433) at http://veterans.house.gov/sites/republicans.veterans.house.gov/files/documents/HR%202433.pdf.
Sound Off...What do you think? Join the discussion... | <urn:uuid:8dca4bcb-0554-40e3-bb1a-3a66ff487586> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.military.com/veteran-jobs/career-advice/military-transition/tax-credit-for-hiring-veterans-.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281353.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00070-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947093 | 959 | 1.664063 | 2 |
University researchers have found a 13p pill could alleviate all the key symptoms of a hangover - including nausea, headaches and anxiety.
Researchers from the University of Helsinki say the amino acid L-cysteine can also alleviate stress after testing the effects on male volunteers with a hangover.
Some of the participants were given L-cysteine, while the other were given a placebo, reports The Mirror.
The results revealed that the men who took L-cysteine experienced fewer hangover symptoms than those who took the placebo.
In their study, published in Alcohol and Alcoholism, the researchers, led by Peter Eriksson, said: “L-cysteine would reduce the need of drinking the next day with no or less hangover symptoms: nausea, headache, stress and anxiety.
“Altogether, these effects of L-cysteine are unique and seem to have a future in preventing or alleviating these harmful symptoms as well as reducing the risk of alcohol addiction.”
The findings comes shortly after a doctor revealed which drinks give you the worst hangovers.
Dr Simran Deo from the UK-based online doctor Zava recommends avoiding dark spirits, including rum.
Speaking to Mirror Online, she explained: “Choose clear spirits (e.g vodka or gin) over dark spirits (e.g rum) and red wine.” | <urn:uuid:7c0cc154-1b97-451b-a181-a93f2d4b8261> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.examinerlive.co.uk/news/uk-world-news/researchers-say-13p-pill-could-18807071 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571502.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811194507-20220811224507-00074.warc.gz | en | 0.948332 | 285 | 1.875 | 2 |
Ways to distinguish European style and American style cabinets
We customers may easily confuse that the difference between European style and American style. Today, this article will talk about the features of them. In fact, the definition of European style is in large range. It includes not only the traditional European style, but also the Nordic, simple style and small fresh pastoral style.
Traditional European style is complex and attaches importance to carver. It emphasizes the magnificent decoration, strong colors and exquisite shapes to achieve the elegant decoration effect.
Nordic style emphasizes simple decoration, full of modern lines of urban style and nature with a perfect combination of structure and comfort functions, generally with white and light wood color.
2. Nordic style cabinet
The simple European style, as the name suggests, is simplified European style. Replacing the complicated carving with simple lines, we adopt more fresh and lively colors, which not only retain the classical European elegance, but also adapt to the leisure and comfort of modern life.
3. Simple European style cabinet
European pastoral style emphasizes the change of line flow. The color is mainly light colors such as white and ivory white. Based on romanticism, it is pure and soft. It shows the natural and elegant flavor of pastoral through decoration. It is close to the natural and simple life.
The American style embodies a more natural feeling, it does not have too much decoration, no gold and silver inlaid, not too much gorgeous and beautiful decoration. It mainly emphasizes comfort, style, practical and multi-functional. It is modest but luxurious. American-style cabinets are a lot of in deliberately old style with dark brown or dark yellow as the main color, which simplifies a lot of modeling lines and shows arbitrary.
5. American style cabinet | <urn:uuid:58f0818c-4006-47b9-bfcd-2586f62cb523> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.oppeinhome.com/?s=ways-distinguish-european-style-american-style-cabinets | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.919149 | 358 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Friday, December 16, 2016
Hollywood legend Garrett Brown, inventor of the cinema-changing Steadicam, will appear in person for a Free Talk to coincide with the upcoming screening series Going Steadi: 40 Years of Steadicam (12/16–1/3). Brown’s Oscar-winning Steadicam® stabilizer has been employed on nearly 100 movies beginning with 1976’s Rocky. He also entered the Sports Broadcasting Hall of Fame in 2009 as the inventor of the Skycam®, Mobycam, and Divecam, which is used to film athletes worldwide. Based in Philadelphia, Brown travels the world, taking part in workshops and lectures at film schools and festivals. Brown’s “Moving Camera” talk delves into the aesthetics, kinetics, and psychological wallop of great movie traveling shots, and how they are achieved. | <urn:uuid:1f5188da-92c9-436c-b196-9d0b0aced078> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.filmlinc.org/films/garrett-brown-the-moving-camera/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573760.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819191655-20220819221655-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.928567 | 177 | 1.789063 | 2 |
Seattle, Washington (PressExposure) August 07, 2007 -- Explore family fun with our Color-It-Up Game! No other coloring book offers more choices. It has 18 colors and 30 additional colors. A child and a grown-up can paint together. Kids can even color pictures from their album. Color-It-Up Game comes with a gallery of pictures which your kid can color right away on the desktop.
It is interactive and brush and crayon free. What can be more entertaining than having a kid's coloring book in which you color pictures including your own photos? With Color-It-Up Game, a click of a mouse is all it takes. Try it. Let the fun begin with pictures from the family album.
Designed to color pictures and images you outline, the printable coloring book also has a powerful tool that can be used for decorating a child's room. You don't even have to be artistically minded to color pictures you create with Color-It-Up Game. Another welcome feature is that it also assists in the development of the child's creativity. | <urn:uuid:3a2a2af9-390b-4eac-b5d4-562cf9725c1b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://pressexposure.com/Explore_Family_Fun_With_Our_Color-It-Up_Game!-4350.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00323-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949782 | 224 | 1.75 | 2 |
Why Lesson Planet?
In this nutrition worksheet, students solve 10 various problems related to reading the nutritional panel on the side of a box of Froot Loops. They determine how many cups are needed to achieve a certain amount of calories. Then, students determine approximately how many servings are in one box and how much each box costs. They also determine if any daily required nutrients can be found in a box of Froot Loops. | <urn:uuid:6e14c6d5-9df3-472e-80a7-5ded51949df2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.lessonplanet.com/teachers/froot-loops-to-the-max-nutrition-worksheet | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00462-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.93935 | 89 | 3.3125 | 3 |
U of Ill. economists analyze weedy invaders-to-energy concept
Could weeds, particularly problematic invasive ones, become a reliable cellulosic ethanol feedstock? It isn’t likely in the near-term due to a fundamental dilemma, suggest a group of University of Illinois researchers. “Biorefineries require a consistent and abundant source of biomass to operate profitably. Landowners and conservationists, on the other hand, primarily seek to eradicate invaders permanently,” they wrote in a recent FarmDocDaily post, “Turning Weeds Into Ethanol – Why Not?”
Most of the discussion to date in the literature is about the concern that certain nonnative bioenergy feedstocks could become invasive, but others have suggested biofuel producers be rewarded for helping eradicate current invasive species.
University of Illinois ag economists Lauren Quinn, Elise Scott and Bryan Endres examined the issue in a paper published last month that looked at the economic constraints.
Focusing on cellulosic ethanol conversion technologies, one constraint would be specificity regarding cell wall composition for those biorefineries in development planning to use corn stover. “Invaders - whose chemical composition is likely untested - would not necessarily be acceptable at cellulosic biorefineries. For those cellulosic biorefineries capable of converting an array of different feedstocks, the distance weedy or invasive biomass would have to travel to the appropriate biorefinery would, in most cases, be prohibitively expensive.” The volume of materials required, plus the cost of labor and processing would also likely be prohibitive.
There may also be ecological constraints, they suggest, with the potential for landscape disturbance to create further problems. Restoration costs might negate any potential profits, they add. “One study has estimated that control of giant reed in California riparian areas and subsequent restoration can total $25,000 per acre (0.4 ha). The estimated sale price of giant reed biomass for conversion into ethanol at $800 per acre simply would not justify the cost of its removal without further incentives.”
Typical state and federal noxious weed regulations would also need to be adapted, since many prohibit the sale of materials on the noxious weed lists, restricting their transport as well.
Biomass combustion may be the better use, but presents its own challenges, with the uncertain future of how regulators will ultimately view the greenhouse gas reduction benefits.
“Perhaps as the biomass-to-ethanol industry matures over the next half century, technical innovation may reduce the currently insurmountable logistical and economic concerns associated with utilizing existing invasive feedstocks for viable sources of liquid fuel,” the Illinois researchers conclude. “In the meantime, however, this concept of invaders-to-energy currently tossed about in policy discussion warrants careful scrutiny grounded in economic, ecological, and legal aspects of the bioenergy supply chain.” | <urn:uuid:f5fc8cd3-e05d-4567-8a53-6470f56f3b23> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://biomassmagazine.com/articles/9772/u-of-ill-economists-analyze-weedy-invaders-to-energy-concept | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00220-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.9281 | 597 | 2.328125 | 2 |
The Empty Body
Thought I'd write this to show the difference between the spiritual discipline in Aikido used by some as different to the IP methods used by some.
It's easily summed up by saying the view of body is that it's empty. So not only empty mind but empty body too.
So no muscles or sinews or anything of the sort is even given any attention to whatsoever. The only thing you deal with is energy ways and energy motion and the principles thereof. Space ways and space motion and the principles thereof.
Let's take unbendable arm. It's nothing to do with anything physical at all actually apart from the 'shell' of the arm, the empty form. It's nothing to do with it being straight either. It's solely to do with the principles of energy flow.
Being an empty vessel means when another connects or grabs etc. their energy just enters your empty vessel thus it joins yours and goes where yours is going. That's the simplicity.
So the starting point is emptyness. | <urn:uuid:245a4feb-3b42-4fa1-ae98-c6e1880c43a2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.aikiweb.com/forums/showpost.php?p=324047&postcount=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00207-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938236 | 212 | 1.546875 | 2 |
GUERNEVILLE (CBS SF) -- A KPIX 5 investigation into an abandoned mercury mine near Guerneville has revealed that the state plans to issue a serious health warning that certain fish in the Russian River are not safe to eat.
Toxic dirt has been washing into a local creek which feeds into the Russian River. But the public may not know this because there are no warning signs posted, and there won't be signs for months.
Why isn't the public being warned about this health danger?
After a surge of recent storms, the Russian River has taken center stage as rising waters flooded the town of Guerneville. Rescue crews took KPIX along, as the river was about to crest.
The waters have since receded, but there is a different danger in the water and it has been there for some time.
The Mount Jackson mine is just upstream. One of the largest mercury mines in California, it closed in the early 1970s after operating for more than a century.
The mine operators are long gone, but large piles of rock and dirt remain. They border a creek which flows into the Russian River.
A KPIX investigation last fall into the Mt. Jackson mine prompted the Regional Water Quality Control Board in Santa Rosa to conduct mercury tests in the area for the first time.
Claudia Villacorta, in charge of Groundwater Protection at the Board, told KPIX 5 that "the levels that we found were about 4 times the levels that would be considered a hazardous waste."
And the Water Board found signs that some of the toxic dirt was washing directly into the creek.
Now KPIX has learned that the State Water Quality Control Board tested fish in sections of the Russian River for potential mercury contamination.
Those fish were sampled two years ago. KPIX 5 has obtained the draft results of the tests of those fish -- results which were just released to the Water Board.
The draft results state that the fish "at all five locations from Ukiah to Monte Rio are accumulating mercury within their tissue, and that a fish consumption guideline for the Russian River will likely be developed."
The state says the testing process will likely lead to a mercury advisory by the end of the summer, but that advisory will come two years after the fish were sampled.
Don McEnhill, with the environmental group Russian River Keeper, wants to know, what's the hold up?
"What we would love to see in a perfect world is the public being alerted right away", he said.
But the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment says it is "not slated to complete this advisory until fiscal year 2017-2018."
Their reason? They say the state is still developing warnings for other waterways in the state.
And until those warnings are finally posted, environmentalists say they will be doing their own warnings, by word of mouth.
McEnhill says "women who are pregnant and small children should not eat bass in the Russian River. They are fun to fish for, fun to catch, but don't eat them."
for more features. | <urn:uuid:98cc703b-bf84-48b3-b1ab-e55e3d69ea75> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cbsnews.com/sanfrancisco/news/abandoned-mercury-mine-tainting-russian-river-fish/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00269.warc.gz | en | 0.973458 | 625 | 2.328125 | 2 |
At Tuesday’s official unveiling of Faraday Future’s FF 91 first production prototype, the company was anxious to talk about everything except price. Those interested in purchasing the 1,050 horsepower electric car were told that a reservation deposit of $5,000 would secure their order for an “Alliance Edition”. However, how much will a FF 91 ultimately cost? And, how will it get built?
Faraday has remained relatively silent on disclosing a price range for the vehicle. Asking representatives at the unveiling event about price for the FF 91 was generally met with a smile. It wasn’t until we threw a few Tesla P100DL references into our conversation with the rep. that we began receiving some feedback. After all, the company was determined to best Tesla in any way, shape, or form. Including pricing.
A fully loaded Tesla Model X with Ludicrous tips the price scale at nearly $170,000. Faraday Future’s FF 91 is said to start at $150,000 and can go upwards to a staggering $200,000. The company is rumored to be also working on a second smaller and less expensive model code named Project 81. Taking a page from the Tesla Motors playbook, Faraday is starting life with a premium priced vehicle designed to generate cash while appealing to investors, followed by a lower priced car aimed at a broader market segment.
With financial troubles looming in the distance, Faraday Future faces an uphill climb as it aims to quiet skeptics and continues to place hope on bringing the company’s first production car to market. Whether it will connect with consumers that are not interested in buying a Tesla, but willing to drop over $150,000 on an untried, untested new car with little supporting infrastructure, remains to be seen. But we think the writing may already be on the wall. | <urn:uuid:07e8848f-ac09-4807-888b-bc12b23390de> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.teslarati.com/faraday-future-ff-91-cost-150k-200k/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00032-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958103 | 381 | 1.53125 | 2 |
© 2009 – Routledge
178 pages | 19 B/W Illus.
This book seeks to explain the divergent political pathways of twenty six post-communist states, following the breakdown and eventual collapse of communism in 1989-1991.
Considering the trajectories of individual states between 1990 – 2007, this book challenges two central bodies of theory relating to democratization and regime change. Through a sustained analysis of global and post-communist developments within this time period, the author shows that claims of an increasing asymmetry between the ‘electoral’ and ‘liberal’ elements of modern democracy have been greatly exaggerated. The author goes on to contend that in accounting for the geographical dispersion of post-communist regime forms, deeper structural factors should be considered as crucial. The book is divided into the following parts:
This book will be of interest to students and scholars of post-communist studies, democratization studies, comparative politics and regime change.
Introduction: The Puzzle of the Post-communist Tripartition 1. The Gap Between Electoral and Liberal Democracy Revisited. Some Conceptual and Empirical Clarifications 2. The Post-communist Tripartition Described 3. An Actor-centred Analysis of Post-communist Political Pathways 4. A Structural Analysis of Post-Communist Pathways 5. Contrasting Structures, Actors - And Diffusion. Conclusion. | <urn:uuid:fcbbfd82-ef43-42c0-9cf2-5e09ef702967> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.routledge.com/Post-communist-Regime-Change-A-Comparative-Study/Moller/p/book/9780415483391 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719843.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00292-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.888495 | 288 | 1.851563 | 2 |
Mitochondria are increasingly recognized as lynchpins in the evolution of cardiac injury during ischemia and reperfusion. This review addresses the emerging concept that modulation of mitochondrial respiration during and immediately following an episode of ischemia can attenuate the extent of myocardial injury. The blockade of electron transport and the partial uncoupling of respiration are two mechanisms whereby manipulation of mitochondrial metabolism during ischemia decreases cardiac injury. Although protection by inhibition of electron transport or uncoupling of respiration initially appears to be counterintuitive, the continuation of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in the pathological milieu of ischemia generates reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial calcium overload, and the release of cytochrome c. The initial target of these deleterious mitochondrial-driven processes is the mitochondria themselves. Consequences to the cardiomyocyte, in turn, include oxidative damage, the onset of mitochondrial permeability transition, and activation of apoptotic cascades, all favoring cardiomyocyte death. Ischemia-induced mitochondrial damage carried forward into reperfusion further amplifies these mechanisms of mitochondrial-driven myocyte injury. Interruption of mitochondrial respiration during early reperfusion by pharmacologic blockade of electron transport or even recurrent hypoxia or brief ischemia paradoxically decreases cardiac injury. It increasingly appears that the cardioprotective paradigms of ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning utilize modulation of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as a key effector mechanism. The initially counterintuitive approach to inhibit mitochondrial respiration provides a new cardioprotective paradigm to decrease cellular injury during both ischemia and reperfusion.
- cytochrome c
- complex I
- cytochrome oxidase
mitochondria are both targets and sources of injury during cardiac ischemia and reperfusion. This review addresses the emerging concept that modulation of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism during ischemia or early reperfusion protects mitochondrial function and decreases myocardial cell death. Mitochondria contribute to their own damage during ischemia, since blockade of electron transport immediately before ischemia dramatically attenuates damage to mitochondrial electron transport, with preserved oxidative phosphorylation, retention of cytochrome c, and decreased release of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) leads to a partial uncoupling of mitochondrial respiration, resulting in decreased mitochondrial injury following subsequent sustained ischemia. A substantial portion of damage to mitochondrial electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation surprisingly occurs during ischemia, rather than during reperfusion. Ischemic mitochondrial damage appears to be a major mechanism of cardiac injury, since reperfusion of myocardium that contain mitochondria with preserved oxidative function in fact markedly decreases myocardial injury. During reperfusion, ischemically damaged mitochondria further augment oxidative damage, calcium-driven myocyte injury, and the activation of apoptotic programs. Transient blockade of mitochondria during early reperfusion, by ischemia, hypoxia, or pharmacological inhibition paradoxically decreases myocardial injury, presumably by blunting the deleterious consequences of respiration in mitochondria that suffered ischemic damage. Thus the restriction of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism by therapeutic intervention via the activation of signaling cascades is a key mechanism of cardiac protection during ischemia and reperfusion. This conceptual approach should continue to promote the continued development of mitochondrial-based treatments to limit cardiac injury during ischemia and during reperfusion.
MITOCHONDRIA AS TARGETS OF DAMAGE DURING ISCHEMIA
Mitochondria sustain progressive damage during myocardial ischemia (45, 47, 69, 79, 90, 113, 120, 126, 140), including to the electron transport chain (10, 45, 47, 83, 90, 113, 120, 143). Ten to twenty minutes of ischemia decreases complex I activity (47, 120). Damage to the phosphorylation apparatus, including complex V (120) and the adenine nucleotide transporter (10, 45), also occurs relatively early in ischemia. As ischemic periods are lengthened to 30 and 45 min, oxidative phosphorylation through complex III (83) and cytochrome oxidase decreases (87, 90, 113, 140). Damage to the phosphorylation apparatus does not explain the decrease in state 3 respiration observed as ischemia progresses since dinitrophenol-uncoupled respiration is decreased, localizing the functionally significant site of damage to the electron transport chain (ETC) (83, 84, 87, 89, 90). Thus, while a complex I defect occurs early, as ischemia continues, damage progresses to involve complexes III and IV.
Cardiac mitochondria exist in two functionally distinct populations, subsarcolemmal mitochondria (SSM) that reside beneath the plasma membrane and interfibrillar mitochondria (IFM) located between the myofibrils (87, 107). SSM have a decreased capacity for calcium accumulation compared with IFM (108). Calcium loading in SSM led to the release of cytochrome c, whereas a similar extent of calcium loading in IFM did not result in cytochrome c release, even when the capacity of IFM to retain calcium was exceeded (108). Thus SSM are more susceptible to calcium overload-mediated cytochrome c release and mitochondrial damage compared with IFM (108). Progression of ischemic damage is more rapid in SSM than in IFM (45, 69, 90, 126, 140).
Complex I activity decreases during ischemia due to a decrease in the NADH dehydrogenase component (104, 120), likely due to the loss of the flavin mononucleotide coenzyme (120). Damage to the NADH dehydrogenase component of complex I can increase electron leak and the production of ROS (139). Complex I activity is also modulated by posttranslational modifications, including S-nitrosylation (22) and phosphorylation (31). Ischemia damages complex III by functional inactivation of the iron-sulfur protein (ISP) subunit (83). The 22 kDa ISP contains a 2 Fe-2 S redox-active iron-sulfur cluster. Ischemic damage to the iron-sulfur protein decreases the intensity of the electron paramagnetic resonance signal of the iron-sulfur cluster without the loss of the ISP peptide, suggesting that ischemia disrupts the cluster without degradation of the ISP subunit (83). Cytochrome oxidase, composed of 13 peptide subunits, requires the integrity of catalytic subunits (13) and of regulatory and structural subunits (8), as well as an intact inner mitochondrial membrane environment enriched in the phospholipid cardiolipin for optimal activity (119, 144). Ischemia does not lead to the functional inactivation of a subunit peptide (90). Decreased respiration through cytochrome oxidase occurs due to a selective decrease in cardiolipin content (89).
MITOCHONDRIA AS SOURCES OF CARDIAC INJURY DURING ISCHEMIA
Because of the limitation of oxygen that is present during ischemia, the initial focus on oxidative damage to myocardium historically involved reperfusion. A detectable burst of ROS is generated early in reperfusion (4, 16, 71, 96, 97, 112). Early research led to the belief that during cardiac ischemia, oxygen content would rapidly decrease to complete anoxia, with all oxygen consumed by cytochrome oxidase. However, during the initial progression of myocardial ischemia, oxygen remains available (68). During simulated ischemia in cardiomyocytes, under conditions of oxygen depletion, the ROS generation actually increases (15, 142). In the setting of low-flow ischemia, ROS production occurs continuously (97). Even during stop flow ischemia in the isolated perfused heart, tissue oxygen remains detectable by sensitive electron paramagnetic resonance measurement at least during the initial 10 min of ischemia (68). The production of ROS monitored online increases during global ischemia, which is consistent with the presence of oxygen during the evolution of ischemic injury (71, 77, 116, 129).
Mitochondria are a primary source for ROS production during ischemia (15, 39, 142). Superoxide production during simulated ischemia in cardiac myocytes is decreased by blockade of electron transfer into complex III (15, 142). In contrast, antimycin A blockade distal within complex III or inhibition of cytochrome oxidase increased ROS generation (15). These observations are in line with complex III as the dominant site for extra mitochondrial release of ROS (30, 59). Complex III is emerging as the major site for the production of ROS that are detected within the cardiomyocyte during ischemia.
Ischemia leads to release of cytochrome c from mitochondria. Cytochrome c content decreases in SSM at 30 min of ischemia, concomitant with cardiolipin loss (89, 90). Cardiolipin interacts with cytochrome c via nonionic (121, 122, 128) and electrostatic (106) mechanisms that localize cytochrome c at the inner membrane (106). Cardiolipin depletion delocalizes cytochrome c from the inner membrane (106, 125), the first step in cytochrome c release from mitochondria (106). A subsequent increase in permeability of the mitochondrial outer membrane then allows the loss of delocalized cytochrome c (106). Outer membrane permeability increases due to disruption of the outer membrane lipid bilayer, as a result of the activation of cytosolic and perhaps mitochondrial phospholipases (50), or the insertion of proapoptotic peptides into the mitochondrial outer membrane (73).
Cytochrome c release into cytosol occurs during ischemia in isolated rat and rabbit hearts (18, 20, 21, 89, 90). Release of cytochrome c during ischemia activates downstream caspase 3 leading to an increase in the number of cardiomyocytes displaying apoptotic markers (21) that becomes increasingly evident during reperfusion (21, 25, 53, 63). In the isolated perfused rabbit heart, the decrease in mitochondrial cytochrome c content occurs during ischemia, without additional decreases during reperfusion (81). Thus injury to mitochondria during ischemia is sufficient to release cytochrome c for activation of apoptotic pathways.
BLOCKADE OF ELECTRON TRANSPORT PROTECTS MITOCHONDRIA AND DECREASES ROS PRODUCTION DURING ISCHEMIA
Mitochondria generate cytotoxic ROS during ischemia (15, 71, 142). Cardiolipin, required for cytochrome oxidase activity (119, 144), is enriched in oxidatively sensitive linoleic acyl-groups (65). We propose that during ischemia, oxidative damage produced by the ETC, most likely complex III, leads to the decrease in cardiolipin content, in turn leading to the loss of cytochrome c and decreased rates of oxidation through cytochrome oxidase. In this event, the blockade of electron flow during ischemia should interrupt this pathogenic sequence.
To address this proposed scheme during in situ ischemia in the intact heart, the ETC was inhibited with rotenone, an irreversible inhibitor of complex I. The contents of cardiolipin, cytochrome c, and the rate of oxidation through cytochrome oxidase were measured after 45 min of global ischemia in the isolated rabbit heart (80). In untreated controls, ischemia decreased the contents of cardiolipin and cytochrome c, and decreased respiration through cytochrome oxidase as described above. In the presence of rotenone-mediated blockade of electron transport, cardiolipin content was preserved in SSM even after 45 min of ischemia (80) (Fig. 1). Rotenone treatment favored the retention of cytochrome c by SSM (80) (Fig. 1). ADP-stimulated respiration through cytochrome oxidase in SSM was higher in rotenone-treated hearts (Fig. 1). Thus, blockade of the proximal ETC with rotenone, a high-affinity and irreversible inhibitor of complex I, markedly attenuated ischemic damage to cardiolipin, cytochrome c, and cytochrome oxidase, even following a relatively prolonged period of 45 min. On the basis of the critical role of cardiolipin in retaining cytochrome c within the mitochondria, it is not surprising that preservation of cardiolipin content during ischemia by rotenone treatment led to preserved cytochrome c content. Thus ischemic damage to mitochondria is mediated by the mitochondria themselves (80). Limitation of electron flow during ischemia is a new concept to limit mitochondrial damage during ischemia. Although the irreversible inhibitor rotenone was useful to test experimentally this concept, a reversible inhibitor of electron transport was required to carry the concept forward into reperfusion. In this way, the relationship between preservation of the ETC during ischemia and the reduction of myocardial injury after ischemia and reperfusion could be tested.
Amobarbital (Amytal) is a short-acting barbiturate that inhibits complex I at the rotenone site (40, 67). Amobarbital inhibits respiration with glutamate at 1–3 mM concentrations, whereas succinate respiration is not impaired (61). At ∼5 mM, amobarbital also inhibits succinate respiration and complex V (24). Inhibition of respiration through complex I by amobarbital is rapidly reversible (127). Amobarbital treatment of the isolated rat heart immediately before ischemia protects oxidative phosphorylation and preserves cytochrome c content in SSM and IFM during ischemia (26). This protection is concentration dependent with 2–2.5 mM providing the optimal range (26). These concentrations are consistent with those previously found to selectively inhibit complex I (61).
Amobarbital treatment also preserves oxidative phosphorylation through cytochrome oxidase, previously observed with rotenone treatment. Respiration with glutamate, a complex I substrate, is also preserved (26) (Fig. 2). Thus, amobarbital must have washed out of the mitochondria during the isolation process, confirming the rapidly reversible nature of inhibition. Amobarbital avidly binds to albumin (24), and the use of isolation buffers containing bovine serum albumin during mitochondrial isolation (46, 107) favors the redistribution of amobarbital out of the mitochondria. In contrast, when rotenone was administered to the heart, glutamate respiration in isolated mitochondria was blocked (80). These findings indicate that amobarbital treatment immediately before ischemia leads to a reversible inhibition of respiration, in line with previous findings in isolated mitochondria (127) and in the isolated heart (4, 110).
Amobarbital treatment protects against ischemia-induced decreases in glutamate respiration (Fig. 2). Reversible blockade of respiration at complex I protected against ischemic damage (120, 143) to complex I (26). Preservation of respiration with duroquinol and tetramethylpentadecane-ascorbate as substrates indicates that amobarbital treatment also protects against damage to the distal ETC. Amobarbital treatment markedly attenuated cytochrome c loss during ischemia (26). Thus blockade of electron transport at complex I immediately before ischemia using two chemically dissimilar compounds protects against ischemic damage to the ETC.
Studies at the level of the intact heart provide additional support for the specificity of amobarbital treatment and provide insights into mechanisms of protection (2, 3). Isolated buffer-perfused guinea pig hearts were treated with either 2.5 mM amobarbital or vehicle for 1 min immediately before 30 min of ischemia, followed by 60 min of reperfusion. Mitochondrial NADH, FAD, calcium, and intracellular ROS were measured by fluorescence spectrophotometry with a fiber optic probe placed at the left ventricular free wall. Tissue autofluorescence was used to measure NADH and FAD (5–7, 115, 116, 118, 129). Mitochondrial Ca2+ concentration was measured in indo 1-AM-loaded hearts after quenching cytosolic Ca2+ with MnCl2 (116, 117, 129). ROS, primarily superoxide, was monitored in dihydroethidium (DHE) loaded hearts (23, 71, 116, 129, 146) by measuring the fluorescence of a DHE intermediate that results primarily from the reaction with superoxide (λex, 540 nm; λem, 590 nm) (146). NADH increased in both groups during early ischemia; during late ischemia, NADH declined in the vehicle group but remained elevated in the amobarbital group, consistent with in situ inhibition of complex I (Fig. 3). During late ischemia, DHE fluorescence was higher in the vehicle group than in the amobarbital group, supporting a decrease in the previously observed ROS generation during ischemia in this model (71) by blockade of electron transport with amobarbital (2, 3). Mitochondrial Ca2+ loading during ischemia was attenuated in the amobarbital-treated hearts compared with vehicle controls. Thus blockade of electron transport during ischemia preserves respiratory function in isolated mitochondria (26) accompanied by decreased production of ROS and reduced Ca2+ accumulation as evident in the intact heart (2, 3). Protection of mitochondria by blockade of electron transport at the rotenone site of complex I localizes the site of ROS production distal to complex I, most likely at complex III.
Blockade of electron transport is protective during ischemia, when mitochondria are sources of likely oxidative damage in this setting. Protection by blockade of electron transport during pathological processes is in stark contrast to the blockade of electron transport during aerobic metabolism. Inhibition of respiration at complex I under aerobic conditions leads to cellular injury (91) and appears to be an effector of mitochondrial-derived oxidative injury following the release of cytochrome c in settings of apoptosis or ischemia (29, 75). Thus, in pathological settings, such as ischemia or early reperfusion, modulation of mitochondrial metabolism can be beneficial, when the result of mitochondrial respiration is cellular injury. Reperfusion in the setting of preserved mitochondrial function can now be achieved. Protection of mitochondrial respiration during ischemia by reversible blockade of electron transport allows assessment of the contribution from ischemic mitochondrial damage to myocardial injury during reperfusion.
IMPROVED MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTION DURING ISCHEMIA PRESERVES MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTION AND DECREASES CARDIAC INJURY ON REPERFUSION
The ability to protect mitochondrial respiration during ischemia allows a critical test of the contribution of ischemic mitochondrial damage to myocardial injury observed after reperfusion. Isolated, buffer-perfused rat hearts treated with either 2.5 mM amobarbital or vehicle for 1 min immediately before ischemia underwent 25 min of ischemia, followed by 30 min of reperfusion. Amobarbital treatment preserved the rate and coupling of oxidative phosphorylation in both SSM and IFM following reperfusion compared with vehicle-treated controls (28). Thus, protection of the ETC by reversible blockade of electron transport during ischemia was carried forward into reperfusion. Reversible blockade of electron transport during ischemia protected complex I itself, as shown by preserved rates of glutamate respiration (Fig. 4). The distal ETC was also protected, with preserved respiration through complex III and cytochrome oxidase (complex IV) as well as improved retention of cytochrome c by mitochondria (28) (Fig. 4). In addition, amobarbital-mediated blockade of respiration during ischemia preserved the integrity of the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes assessed after reperfusion, consistent with the retention of cytochrome c (28). In isolated guinea pig hearts, reperfusion after amobarbital treatment was associated with less mitochondrial ROS and Ca2+ loading and higher NADH than the vehicle controls (2, 3) (Fig. 3). Thus protection of cardiac mitochondria during ischemia is carried forward into the early reperfusion period and supports the hypothesis that mitochondrial damage occurs predominantly during ischemia.
Support for the concept that mitochondrial function can be protected during global ischemia as well as on reperfusion was shown using fluorescence spectrophotometry in isolated hearts by lower levels of ROS and mitochondrial [Ca2+] and improved redox state after IPC (5, 71, 115), pharmacological preconditioning (6, 7, 115, 117, 118, 129), and hypothermia (116). In all of these studies, contractile function was improved and infarct size reduced on reperfusion.
The role of ischemic mitochondrial damage in myocardial injury was then addressed. Reperfusion of myocardium with reduced ischemic damage to the ETC led to improved contractile recovery, decreased marker enzyme release, and decreased infarct size following reperfusion in the isolated perfused rat heart (28) (Fig. 4). Treatment of isolated guinea pig hearts with amobarbital just before 30 min of ischemia resulted in a 87 ± 5% higher left ventricular developed pressure at 60 min of reperfusion and a 33 ± 7% smaller infarct size compared with the vehicle control group (2). Thus reperfusion of the heart in the setting of preserved mitochondrial function improved contractile recovery and decreased infarct size. The reduction of ischemic damage to cardiac mitochondria preserves mitochondrial function during reperfusion and decreases myocardial injury.
The preservation of mitochondrial function during ischemia and reperfusion by blockade of electron transport attenuates cardiac injury during reperfusion by at least two potential mechanisms. First, the capacity of cardiac mitochondria to release H2O2 during reperfusion is substantially attenuated when oxidative phosphorylation is preserved by amobarbital treatment (27) (Fig. 4). Protection of the ETC chain during ischemia by amobarbital markedly decreased net H2O2 production with both complex I and complex II substrates in isolated SSM and IFM compared with those from vehicle-treated control hearts (27). The decrease in H2O2 production with succinate as substrate in the presence of rotenone to block reverse electron flow indicates that protection of mitochondria decreases ROS production most likely from complex III. Thus preservation of respiratory function decreases mitochondrial production and release of ROS during reperfusion.
Second, blockade of electron transport during ischemia enhanced the retention of cytochrome c by cardiac mitochondria following reperfusion. Amobarbital treatment decreased state 4 respiratory rates after ischemia and reperfusion, an indicator of decreased damage to the mitochondrial inner membrane (28), protection that favors the retention of cytochrome c (89, 106). Normally the outer mitochondrial membrane is impermeable to cytochrome c (18, 145). Delocalized cytochrome c is released from mitochondria when outer-membrane permeability increases (106, 145). Blockade of electron transport during ischemia preserved outer-membrane integrity measured after reperfusion (28), unlike the increased outer-membrane permeability present in mitochondria from vehicle-treated hearts. Preserved outer-membrane integrity also favors the retention of cytochrome c by mitochondria. The mechanism leading to preserved outer-membrane integrity achieved by the reversible blockade of electron transport during ischemia is the subject of ongoing work.
The cardiac protection observed when the heart is reperfused in the setting of preserved mitochondrial function provides strong support for the working hypothesis that ischemic damage to mitochondria is a key mechanism of myocardial injury during reperfusion. Blockade of electron transport during ischemia has provided a mechanistic link regarding the key role of mitochondrial damage during ischemia in the genesis of cardiac injury during reperfusion.
MODULATION OF MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTION DURING REPERFUSION PROTECTS AGAINST CONSEQUENCES OF ISCHEMIA-INDUCED MITOCHONDRIAL DAMAGE
Ischemia and reperfusion result in mitochondrial dysfunction with decreases in oxidative capacity, loss of cytochrome c, and the generation of ROS. During ischemia of the isolated perfused rabbit heart, SSM sustain a decrease in cardiolipin, cytochrome c, and oxidation through cytochrome oxidase (89). Reperfusion did not lead to additional damage in the distal electron transport chain in this model (81). Oxidation through cytochrome oxidase and the content of cytochrome c did not decrease further during reperfusion. Ischemic injury led to persistent defects in oxidative phosphorylation during the early reperfusion period (81, 88). The decrease in cardiolipin content accompanied by persistent decrements in the content of cytochrome c and oxidation through cytochrome oxidase is a potential mechanism of additional myocyte injury during reperfusion. Relative blockade at cytochrome oxidase can increase ROS production from the electron transport chain (4, 30, 114). Mechanisms of mitochondrial-derived myocyte damage include ROS production (4, 14, 15, 137, 138), onset of mitochondrial permeability transition (21, 145), and the activation of programmed cell death pathways that become more evident during reperfusion (25, 53). Ischemic damage to the distal electron transport chain emerges as a potential link between ischemia and the mitochondrial-driven myocyte injury that occurs during reperfusion.
Pioneering studies by Ganote and colleagues (51, 52) showed that inhibition of mitochondrial respiration can decrease contraction band formation and attenuate enzyme release during reoxygenation, suggesting that resumption of mitochondrial metabolism during reoxygenation can initially lead to deleterious consequences. Reperfusion-induced declines in cardiac function and the accumulation of oxidatively damaged lipids are diminished when mitochondrial respiration was reversibly inhibited during early reperfusion using amobarbital (4), underlining the physiologic significance of mitochondrial ROS production during reperfusion to cardiac injury during reperfusion. In contrast, inhibition of cytochrome oxidase did not confer protection (4). The observed decrease in ROS production and improved myocardial protection when amobarbital was given during reperfusion strongly suggest that the site of ROS production is distal to the site of amobarbital block and proximal to cytochrome oxidase, namely complex III.
Mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) appears to contribute to myocardial injury during ischemia (21) and especially during reperfusion (36). A component of MPT observed in situ in the heart likely occurs secondary to transient, reversible opening of the transition pore (145). Increased calcium availability during reperfusion enhances mitochondrial calcium loading (11, 55, 57). Enhanced mitochondrial oxidative damage and calcium loading predispose to the onset of MPT during reperfusion (36, 145). On the basis of their greater sensitivity to calcium-mediated damage (108), MPT during reperfusion may largely involve SSM. MPT appears to be reversible during reperfusion, with closure of the permeability transition pore enhanced by pyruvate oxidation during early reperfusion (35, 37, 58, 145). Inhibitors of MPT decrease myocardial damage during ischemia and reperfusion (36, 43, 54). Protection of mitochondrial function during ischemia by reversible inhibition of electron transport (26) led to decreased ROS production and mitochondrial calcium loading during reperfusion (2), which would be expected to decrease the probability of opening of permeability transition pore during reperfusion.
Pharmacological inhibition of mitochondrial respiration during early reperfusion by amobarbital decreases mitochondrial-driven myocardial injury during reperfusion (4). Restriction of oxidative metabolism during early reperfusion using hypoxic reperfusate also attenuates mitochondrial and cardiac damage (111, 124). Transient blockade of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism by the repetitive, brief reinstitution of intermittent stop flow ischemia, postconditioning, decreases cardiac injury (9, 147). Postconditioning decreases the generation of ROS from mitochondria (62, 124, 130). Mitochondrial calcium overload and the probability of MPT are also attenuated (9, 17, 62, 130). Thus a variety of approaches can be used to modulate the aberrant oxidative metabolism of ischemically damaged mitochondria to interrupt the link between ischemic damage to mitochondria and mitochondrial-driven cardiac injury during reperfusion.
IPC MODULATES MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTION BEFORE INDEX ISCHEMIA
Myocardial protection mediated by IPC is evoked by transient episodes of brief, nonlethal ischemia interspersed with periods of reperfusion (102). IPC decreases mitochondrial damage from a subsequent prolonged index ischemia (95, 131). The myocardial and mitochondrial protection from IPC involves the coordinated interplay of trigger and effector mechanisms. IPC activates endogenous agonists that bind to cell surface receptors, in turn activating intracellular kinase cascades, especially PKCε (70) and PKG (34, 60). These signal transduction networks converge on mitochondria and modulate respiration (34, 136). Modulation of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism before a prolonged ischemic insult is a likely mechanism of cardioprotection.
Isolation of cardiac mitochondria following the IPC stimulus, before the index ischemia, decreased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in one study (38), but not another (72). As a consequence of the observation of the robust mitochondrial and myocardial protection observed after blocking electron transport during ischemia, we suggested that the IPC stimulus would decrease complex I activity and attenuate state 3 respiration through complex I as a potential mechanism of cardioprotection. IPC did not decrease state 3 respiration nor complex I activity in SSM or IFM (132). IPC increased state 4 respiration and decreased the respiratory control rate (RCR) in IFM, indicating decreased coupling of respiration, in line with the primary observations of other investigators as discussed below. Thus, protection of IPC does not occur via the relative blockade of electron transport at complex I at the onset of the sustained index ischemia. The potential of complex I to sustain post-translational modification via phosphorylation (123), nitrosylation (19, 22), or glutathionylation (32), with the potential to modulate complex I activity and respiration with complex I substrates was not observed, even when mitochondria were isolated in the presence of phosphatase inhibitors to preserve phosphorylation status (132). Thus, the cardioprotection achieved with pharmacological blockade of electron transport does not overlap with the mechanisms of IPC. The attenuation of electron transport during ischemia represents an alternative approach to cardioprotection when the triggers or effectors of IPC are impaired.
A high mitochondrial membrane potential favors ROS generation. Uncoupling of mitochondrial respiration decreases membrane potential and consequent electron leak, thereby reducing ROS production from the ETC (99). Thus, mild uncoupling of mitochondrial respiration may lead to cardiac protection. Opening of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channel (34, 44) either by IPC or by pharmacological treatment decreases cardiac ischemia and reperfusion injury (56). The mitochondrial KATP channel is located in the inner membrane, and opening of mitochondrial KATP channels may lead to mild uncoupling (34, 74, 103). However, experimental results remain inconsistent regarding the uncoupling effect of mitochondrial KATP channel opening (105). IPC does, however, decrease ROS during simulated ischemia in cardiac myocytes (141) and during the index global ischemia in the isolated heart (71), most likely as a consequence of the uncoupling of respiration. IPC leads to the uncoupling of respiration observed in isolated mitochondria (103). Interestingly, overexpression of uncoupling protein 2, located in the mitochondrial inner membrane, protects cardiac myocytes against ischemia and reperfusion injury by reducing ROS generation and decreasing mitochondrial Ca2+ overload (135). Dinitrophenol, a chemical uncoupler of respiration protects isolated heart against ischemia and reperfusion injury when given immediately before ischemia (66, 98). Uncoupling of respiration allows the dissipation of membrane potential and circumvents the accumulation of reducing equivalents at cytochrome b of complex III (41, 42) and perhaps the iron-sulfur centers of complex I (76). The presence of reducing equivalents at these redox centers favors “electron leak” to form ROS from complex III (41, 42) and complex I (76), respectively. Preventing accumulation of reducing equivalents at complexes I and III may be especially important to decrease cytotoxic ROS production during the period of ischemia when low amounts of residual oxygen (68) are still present.
POSSIBLE CARDIOPROTECTION BY MILD PROTON LEAK
Most protons reenter the mitochondrial matrix through complex V generating ATP in the process. A small proton leak directly through the inner mitochondrial membrane bypasses complex V and has the effect to partially uncouple respiration from phosphorylation. This additional proton leak partially dissipates the inner membrane potential and stimulates respiration (electron flow) at a given ATP synthetic rate. The results of a recent study have suggested that a mild proton leak occurs in mitochondria during IPC (103). This was assessed indirectly by a faster respiratory rate for a given membrane potential. Interestingly, this could be blocked by the uncoupling protein inhibitor guanosine diphosphate, suggesting that a small proton leak in IPC is mediated by an uncoupling protein (103). The pharmacological preconditioning that occurs with KATP (44) or KCa channel openers (129) may indicate that matrix K+ influx is the key to initiating cardioprotection against ischemia. It is possible that opening of the mitochondrial KATP or KCa channel also may allow matrix H+ influx in exchange for matrix K+ efflux to induce a mild uncoupling effect, but the activity of the K+/H+ antiporter may be insignificant to induce sufficient H+ leak (103). Because the other critical component of IPC and pharmacological preconditioning appears to be the generation of “signaling” ROS, it is difficult to reconcile how mild uncoupling might also increase ROS generation unless the proton gradient and/or the membrane gradient remain fully maintained. However, Heinen et al. (64) demonstrated recently that the putative KCa channel opener NS1619 not only increased state 2 and 4 respiration but also enhanced ROS release while maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential in guinea pig isolated cardiac mitochondria. This release occurred only at low concentrations of NS1619 and the effect was blocked by paxilline, an inhibitor of these channels. They postulated that NS1619 promoted a small H+ “leak” by matrix entry of H+ for K+ efflux via nonsaturated K+/H+ exchange to maintain the transmembrane H+ gradient.
INCREASED INJURY IN THE AGED HEART DURING ISCHEMIA AND REPERFUSION: REVERSAL BY RESTORATION OF MITOCHONDRIAL OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION BEFORE ISCHEMIA
The aged heart sustains increased damage during ischemia and reperfusion (11, 12, 48, 82, 92). Isolated, buffer-perfused hearts from 24-mo-old Fischer 344 rats sustain greater myocardial injury after ischemia and reperfusion than hearts from 6-mo-old adult controls (82, 93, 94, 134). Unfortunately, IPC provides minimal cardioprotection in the aged rat (1, 133, 134) and human hearts (78). Thus, a potentially useful approach to protect aged myocardium is ineffective, and highlights the importance of considering other approaches to modulate mitochondrial oxidative metabolism to protect the aged heart.
In the aged heart, ischemic damage to mitochondria is superimposed upon aging-induced defects in mitochondrial oxidative metabolism (83, 84, 86, 100). We evaluated whether an intervention with the potential to improve mitochondrial function in the aged heart before ischemia could decrease myocardial injury during subsequent ischemia and reperfusion. Aging decreases oxidative function only in IFM, whereas SSM are unaffected (46). Treatment with acetylcarnitine was reported (109) to restore aging-induced decreases in cytochrome oxidase activity in the heart. We applied acetylcarnitine treatment to test whether aging-induced decreases in mitochondrial respiration could be improved.
Treatment of aged rats with acetylcarnitine increased the maximal rate of oxidative phosphorylation in IFM to rates observed in the adult heart (85). Respiration in acetylcarnitine-treated aged hearts remained well coupled (85). Adult and aged hearts next underwent 25 min of ischemia, followed by 30 min of reperfusion. In the aged heart, acetylcarnitine improved functional recovery, which was similar to the recovery of treated or untreated adult hearts (85). Acetylcarnitine markedly reduced the release of lactate dehydrogenase in the aged heart, indicating less myocyte necrosis. When the aged heart sustained ischemia and reperfusion following restoration of mitochondrial function, there was less myocardial damage and improved contractile recovery. In contrast, acetylcarnitine treatment had no effect upon the extent of myocardial damage or contractile recovery in the adult heart. These observations provide strong support for the contribution of aging-related defects in mitochondrial metabolism to the enhanced cardiac damage observed following ischemia and reperfusion.
Acetylcarnitine could improve aging defects in electron transport by two mechanisms. First, acetylcarnitine was proposed to increase the content of cardiolipin (109), required for optimal activity of cytochrome oxidase (119, 144). However, aging did not decrease the content of cardiolipin in the aged Fischer 344 rat heart (101). Second, treatment with acetylcarnitine increases transcription of mitochondrial DNA in the aged heart leading to increased mitochondrial protein synthesis and an increased content of mitochondrial-encoded electron transport subunits (49). Regardless of the mechanism, the option to modulate mitochondrial oxidative metabolism by treating age-related, rather than ischemia-induced, damage in a preemptive fashion represents a novel cardioprotective strategy for the aged heart.
Our working model for increased injury in the aged heart is that addition of ischemia-induced defects upon preexisting aging defects would enhance mitochondrial-derived myocyte injury in the aged heart (86). Consistent with previous observations in the adult heart, mitochondrial damage occurred mainly during ischemia, rather than during reperfusion, in the aged heart (86). The contribution of the ETC to damage during ischemia in the aged heart was tested by using rotenone to block electron flow. Rotenone treatment of aged hearts immediately before the onset of ischemia attenuated ischemic damage to IFM (86). Thus, as in the adult heart, the ETC contributes to mitochondrial damage during ischemia in the aged heart. Amobarbital treatment immediately before ischemia (26) protects oxidative phosphorylation in the aged heart following reperfusion (C. Tanaka-Esposito, Q. Chen, and E. J. Lesnefsky, unpublished observations). Thus reversible blockade of electron transport can attenuate the ischemic component of mitochondrial damage in the aged as well as in the adult rat heart.
These studies demonstrate the potential to independently modulate both the age-related and ischemia-induced components of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism that contribute to injury to the aged heart by directly targeting the mitochondrion. Relief of aging-related defects in oxidative metabolism can decrease ischemic myocardial injury in the aged heart (85). In addition, blockade of electron transport attenuates the ischemic mitochondrial damage in the adult and senescent hearts. Future work will uncover the potential interactive benefit of these complimentary approaches to reduce synergistically injury to the aged heart during ischemia and reperfusion.
In summary, the blockade of electron transport or the partial uncoupling of respiration lessens cardiac injury during ischemia and during early reperfusion. Although the concept that disrupting effective oxidative metabolism to protect the heart initially appears counterintuitive, both of these interventions decrease the accumulation of reducing equivalents at key centers in the electron transport chain, namely complex I and complex III, under conditions that favor ROS generation. The protection achieved is mediated via the decreased production and release of ROS from mitochondria, less mitochondrial calcium overload, and the improved retention of cytochrome c by mitochondria. Future work is required to clarify whether decreased calcium overload and cytochrome c release occur as consequences of decreased oxidative injury. It increasingly appears that the cardioprotective paradigms of IPC and postconditioning at least in part modulate mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as effector mechanisms. The initially paradoxical approach to limit mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in pathological settings in fact provides a new cardioprotective paradigm. The restriction of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism by therapeutic intervention or via the activation of signaling cascades is a key mechanism of cardiac protection during ischemia and reperfusion. This conceptual approach should continue to foster the evolution of mitochondrial-based treatments to limit cardiac injury during ischemia as well as during reperfusion.
This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants 2PO1AG-15885 and 1KO1HL-73246, by American Heart Association Grants 0425307B and 0355608Z, and by the Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs.
The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
- Copyright © 2007 the American Physiological Society | <urn:uuid:2cc9c816-3328-485e-9c63-ea21d11f0871> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://ajpcell.physiology.org/content/292/1/C137 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00054-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.892709 | 8,988 | 2.296875 | 2 |
TEPCO announced that it had captured a Murasoi fish from inside of the harbor at the crippled Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. Analysis detected 254,000 becquerels per kilogram of radioactive cesium in the fish, 2,540 times the legal dose. The internal dose if eaten would be 4mSv per kilogram.
The Murasoi fish is somewhat similar to the rockfish, which have also been found to be severely contaminated in the waters around Fukushima Daiichi.
According to TEPCO, the fish was captured near the port on the east side where high levels of contamination have been detected. There are no current restrictions which prevent fish from coming and going freely in and out of the port, but TEPCO will make plans to install nets in the harbor mouth and outside the harbor in response to the latest findings.
Source: JiJi Press | <urn:uuid:fd959495-8783-442f-a536-b1c2a5ad2e17> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://enformable.com/2013/01/record-contamination-detected-in-fish-caught-inside-of-fukushima-daiichi-harbor/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00307-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949937 | 182 | 2.90625 | 3 |
Key Words in Multicultural Interventions: A Dictionary
Jeffery Scott Mio
Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999 - Education - 306 pages
An essential resource for those interested in multicultural issues, this dictionary presents common terms used in multicultural counseling and research. The terms are not only denotatively defined, but connotations are also included, as well as historical information and important writings about the terms. The dictionary is thus not only a straightforward compendium of definitions, but also a resource for further investigation.
This is intended to be a resource for those interested in the area of multiculturalism. Important publications investigating and/or explicating these terms are also discussed and referenced. Moreover, authors define these terms with a point of view; many terms are defined in a manner that connects them with perspectives commonly expressed by scholars and practitioners in the field. Thus, connotations are included as well as denotations of the terms. | <urn:uuid:b7c3e303-0faa-41c5-80d9-c62092f5162e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://books.google.com/books?id=UQnUTLMeds0C&hl=en | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281069.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00267-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.941571 | 185 | 2.71875 | 3 |
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An automated guided vehicle or automatic guided vehicle (AGV) is a mobile robot that follows markers or wires on the floor and/or uses vision, magnets or lasers for navigation. They are most often used in industrial applications to move materials around a manufacturing facility or warehouse.
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Scope and Importance:
Automated guided vehicles (AGVs) increase efficiency and reduce costs by helping to automate a manufacturing facility or warehouse. The first AGV was invented by Barrett Electronics in 1953. The AGV can tow objects behind them in trailers to which they can autonomously attach. The trailers can be used to move raw materials or finished product. The AGV can also store objects on a bed. The objects can be placed on a set of motorized rollers and then pushed off by reversing them. AGVs are employed in nearly every industry, including, pulp, paper, metals, newspaper, and general manufacturing. Transporting materials such as food, linen or medicine in hospitals is also done. AGCs are available in a variety of models and can be used to move products on an assembly line, transport goods throughout a plant or warehouse and deliver loads. The first AGV was brought to market in the 1950s by Barrett Electronics of Northbrook, Illinois and at the time it was simply a tow truck that followed a wire in the floor instead of a rail. In 1976, Egemin Automation started working on the development of an automatic driverless control system for use in several industrial and commercial applications. Over the years the technology has become more sophisticated and today automated vehicles are mainly Laser navigated e.g. LGV. Today, the AGV plays an important role in the design of new factories and warehouses for safely moving goods to their rightful destination.
The automated guide vehicles (AGVs) are considered as the backbone of the modern material handling industry. Over the last few years, the global automated guided vehicle market has seen a tremendous growth and served companies with its technological advancements, automation and integrating the entire value chain of the modern material handling industry. Increasing urbanization, burgeoning population and the increasing burden on manufacturers to meet the anticipated demand has catalyzed the growth of the automated guide vehicle market. In addition to that, an increasing investment in automation across various industries has fueled the growth of the automated guide vehicle market. The AGV market is expected to reach $2,240.15 million by 2020 growing at a CAGR of 9.8% between 2014 and 2020.
This page will be updated regularly.
This page was last updated on 15th Sep, 2015
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Western Civilization is dying. This death began thousands of years ago when individualism, or the idea that individual choices and desires are more important than reality, became socially acceptable. Since that time, individualism has morphed into equality through collectivized individualism.
Equality states that people must be accepted regardless of the quality of their contribution. People like equality because it is essentially pacifism, or a removal of the internal conflict needed to maintain hierarchy. But with equality, quality is destroyed and society unravels, resulting in manic consumerism.
To fix this problem, the following steps are necessary:
- Unite natural leaders on a goal.
- Reverse Leftist policies, laws, regulations and institutions.
- Replace dying ideas and institutions with new versions of their original forms.
- Disenfranchise the voters, exile the bad people and repatriate the non-indigenous.
This is a more extreme viewpoint than you will find on any other conservative site, simply because it is common sense taken to its logical conclusion. As a result, it is never popular, and people conspire against it because they fear what would happen in a functional society.
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Trio Sudoku is one of the easiest Sudoku type. In Even Odd Sudoku, puzzle is divided into two parts with each part can be solved individually. This division makes Even Odd Sudoku very easy Sudoku variation. However in Trio Sudoku it is divided into 3 parts with each part solvable independently. So if one wants to teach Sudoku variations to kids then Even Odd Sudoku and Trio Sudoku should be the first few types which one should be teaching to kids.
This Trio Sudoku, I am posting as 71st Sudoku in Fun With Sudoku Series.
Trio Sudoku(Fun With Sudoku #71) Solution
Rules of Trio SudokuClassic Sudoku Rules apply. Additionally cells with circles must contain the digits 1, 2 and 3. Cells with squares must contain the 4, 5 and 6. Blank cells must contain the digits 7, 8 and 9.
|Trio Sudoku (Fun With Sudoku #71)| | <urn:uuid:7b2c83a6-15ea-4309-a2a5-b7ca947d5663> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.funwithpuzzles.com/2015/07/trio-sudoku.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00566-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.914134 | 201 | 3.359375 | 3 |
In the May 29 edition of Business in Vancouver, I examine the potential symbiotic relationship between Exel Logistics and ContainerWorld, the largest liquor "pre-distribution" warehouse under contract to the B.C. Liquor Distribution Branch. Read it here. The government's privatization of LDB's warehousing and distribution will phase out the "pre-distribution" program, meaning ContainerWorld may be in trouble.
Or is it?
ContainerWorld hired a lobbyist to oppose any changes to the distribution model. But now it is bidding for the contract. Founder Dennis Chrismas (below) and lobbyist Mike Bailey even went to meet liquor minister Rich Coleman on March 2!
ContainerWorld also has an intriguing business relationship with an arm of the Deutsche Post DHL empire, Giorgio Gori of Italy. Gori is a sister company of Exel. In the Oct. 6, 2009 "Project Last Spike" internal memo, Exel's vice-president Scott Lyons considers what to do about ContainerWorld, which is also connected to the B.C. Liberal Party that is rushing to privatize LDB logistics before the May 14, 2013 election. Exel wants to merge the B.C. LDB warehousing and distribution with Connect Logistics, the monopoly it owns and enjoys in Alberta.
Among the many questions to ponder about this controversial government sell-off: Are ContainerWorld and Exel foes? Or might they really be friends? Read more below, from "Project Last Spike."
Barriers to this Project
- This initiative will mean the services of private bonded warehouses will not be required. As a result, this group will oppose this initiative and they will likely lobby industry and government against any changes. Private bonded warehouses will argue that jobs will be lost, and the government is driving them out of business. They will also contend that costs will be higher because of the BCGEU's higher wages and benefits, and if there are any savings the government will keep them for itself. Lastly, they will make a case for improved service by expanding their participation in the industry
Options to Overcome Barriers
There are three options to overcome the opposition of private bonded warehouses.
- Convince the government to award the contract to Exel without an RFP. This avoids the risk of losing an RFP. It may also enable the government to realize savings more quickly as time is not lost in the RFP process. It will require a high degree of industry support. Vocal complaints from unions or industry participants could generate public scrutiny and force the process to RFP. This option may require the purchase of ContainerWorld to be successful.
- Win a competitive bid process. This option does not require the purchase of ContainerWorld, and follows standard government procedures. It does carry the risk the Exel might not win the bid. This risk can be mitigated if Exel can influence the writing of the RFP. Exel would push to include criteria such as previous industry experience, appropriate resources, and a solution incorporating the BCGEU. A likely response from the private bonded warehouses may try and limit the scope of the RFP to not include their activities. Failing this, the private bonded warehouses will use their influence to have the RFP written in their favour.
- Purchase ContainerWorld. It is by far the largest of the approximately 7 private bonded warehouses. Once ContainerWorld is onside the opposition of the remaining private bonded warehouses would be much less. This would enhance the odds that the government does not go to tender or Exel wins a tender. Dennis Christmas (sic) the principal owner of ContainerWorld is a key player in the current BC industry. Treating him fairly and getting him onside will assist bringing the BC government and the industry along. An added benefit of this approach is that ContainerWorld has a brand new 495,000 sq. ft. site that is expandable to 600,000 sq ft. This should meet the needs of this initiative, though Exel requires further analysis to confirm this site is sufficient. Dennis Christmas could be retained as a consultant and public relations specialist. The downside to this option is sharing the economic benefits with ContainerWorld.
Though it may be possible to amortize the purchase price across a number of years and build the cost in to the operating model. Another consideration is the complex internal approvals required to purchase ContainerWorld. Further details on this option include:
0 ContainerWorld's revenues are estimated at $40M. Exel estimates that $20M is generated from freight forwarding activity, and $20M from distribution activities for BC Wineries and BC Small Brewers. A high level estimated purchase price ContainerWorld's business is $24M assuming a 7.5% margin and paying eight times earnings. This is a dimensional number which needs to be confirmed but supports the premise that an acquisition approach is overall economically viable.
0 The union representing ContainerWorld's employees is the Teamsters. Exel will be represented by the BCGEU. Upon purchasing ContainerWorld, and consolidating operations the BCGEU would take over the Teamsters members. This is not a certainty, but the BCGEU membership is almost two times the size of the Teamsters membership, and the BCGEU collective agreement is more lucrative.
0 Deutsche Post DHL holds a 100% stake in Giorgio Gori. Giorgio Gori does not have an ownership stake in ContainerWorld, but has a long standing relationship where it is understood that at some point they would purchase ContainerWorld. Exel could use this avenue to negotiate a reasonable deal with Dennis Christmas.
Compare that to the $85,704 donated to the Liberals by Gordon Campbell and Christy Clark's friend and (until March 30) Exel lobbyist Patrick Kinsella, and $57,500.50 donated by his right-hand man, Exel lobbyist Mark Jiles. Exel vice-president Scott Lyons donated $433.08 to the NDP before the 2009 election and $3,500 in 2011 to the Liberals, according to his disclosure.
|ContainerWorld's Richmond warehouse on Port Metro Vancouver's Fraserport logistics campus.| | <urn:uuid:301d134d-fb50-4cc6-a527-e8c831621d35> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://2010goldrush.blogspot.com/2012/05/liquorleaks-reveals-exels.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.947147 | 1,249 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Filed under: Capitalism, Democrat Corruption, Domestic Policy, Economy, Immigration, Law, Liberalism, Politics, Regulation | Tags: Hiring Decisions, STEM jobs, White House Decisions
When a business wants to hire someone, they would prefer someone who has done the same job previously and successfully. Someone who wants to step up to your company. They would be charming, have an excellent resume, excellent academic record with good grades in an applicable field, and a stunning list of notable accomplishments. Good luck with that.
There is a cost to a bad hiring decision. According to a study by the Society for Human Resources Management, it could cost up to five times a bad hire’s annual salary. The higher the person’s position and the longer they remain in that position, the more it will cost to replace him or her. Recruiters say that if you make a mistake in hiring and recognize the mistake within six months, the cost of replacing that employee is still going to cost two and one-half times the person’s salary.
For every two students that U.S. colleges graduate with STEM degrees (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math) only one is hired into a STEM job. Half of all graduates are not hired into STEM positions. Thirty-two percent say it is because IT jobs are unavailable, 53 percent say they found better job opportunities outside of IT occupations. These responses suggest that the supply is larger than the demand for them in industry. The annual inflow of guestworkers amounts to one-third to one-half the number of all new IT job holders, in spite of stagnant or declining wages.
The immigration debate is complicated and polarizing, but the implications of the data for enacting high-skill guestworker policy are clear: Immigration policies that facilitate large flows of guestworkers will supply labor at wages that are too low to induce significant increases in supply from the domestic workforce.
Only about of a third of the IT workforce has an IT-related degree. 36 percent of IT workers do not hold a college degree at all. Only 24 percent of IT workers have a four-year computer science or math degree. But then, Bill Gates was famously a college dropout. I searched for “hiring tests for high tech jobs,” and the variety of tests — aptitude, skill, social, drugs, personality — and some companies have devised their own tests of intelligence and thinking to weed out the unsuitable.
Meantime, the government is stepping in to promote “fairness.” The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission has said it will crack down on employers who use the criminal histories of job applicants to discriminate against them illegally. The EEOC’s new guidance requires companies to establish procedures to show they are not using criminal records to discriminate by race or national origin. There’s some leeway for criminal convictions that are “job-related for the position in question and consistent with business necessity.”
President Obama on Friday formally announced a deal with some of the nation’s largest companies to institute new hiring practices that do not “disadvantage” those who have been jobless for several months or longer.
Companies such as AT&T, Apple, Wal-Mart, Ford and others have agreed to the president’s initiative which will also extend to the federal government and its interview process.
They just need that chance, somebody who will look past that stretch of unemployment, put in context of the fact that we went through the worst financial and economic crisis in our lifetime which created a group of folks who were unemployed longer than normal,” Mr. Obama. “All they need is a fair shot … giving up on the unemployed will create a drag on our economy we cannot tolerate.
The agreement means that companies will not favor one prospective employee over another based solely on the length of time each has been unemployed. On Tuesday Mr. Obama used executive power to hike the minimum wage from $7.25 to $10.10 for all federal contractors.
President Obama’s closest adviser and liaison with corporate America is Valerie Jarrett, although she has no knowledge or experience to help her understand the concerns of those with whom she is dealing. Financial sector insiders and corporate executives reportedly stopped having meetings with the White House because any such meetings were pointless. They found that Ms. Jarrett was interested only in pushing the administration’s agenda, rather than engaging in any kind of dialogue about how to foster better economic growth. But the White House does not want input, nor do they want to work with business. They want obedience.
If you want to know why the recession has dragged on so long, why the economy has not come roaring back, the answers are all to be found here. Everything is best fixed by a government policy emanating from the White House. They know better, and don’t have to listen to the people. | <urn:uuid:55e356a3-2375-42eb-9570-e4f53e6b73d2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://americanelephant.wordpress.com/tag/hiring-decisions/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00019-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966999 | 1,007 | 2.140625 | 2 |
White arrived in New York City in 1962 "from a desolate suburb of Chicago". He was a needy young writer, "a self-hating gay man" who had followed a young actor to the Big Apple instead of going to university. His first apartment was in Greenwich Village, across the street from Bob Dylan. (He wasn't a fan: Dylan's singing "sounded whiny".) White portrays himself as restless and driven, "obsessed with being famous". In the era before Aids, he was an "apostle of promiscuity", surviving on a diet of steaks, amphetamines, booze, cigarettes (three packets a day) and "industrial quantities of sex". This is a gossipy and often caustic memoir, though always insightful and entertaining. During his two decades in the city, he met everyone who was anyone: John Ashbery, William Burroughs (a "pulseless, saurian persona"), Robert Mapplethorpe and Susan Sontag ("a terrible snob"). Truman Capote tells him: "You'll probably write some good books. But remember, it's a horrible life." A wonderfully colourful portrait of beatnik New York. | <urn:uuid:fb309289-373a-4d8a-9c90-eda13ad33bc1> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.theguardian.com/books/2011/jan/29/city-boy-edmund-white-review | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00006-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96879 | 246 | 1.5625 | 2 |
“If you're not making mistakes, you're not taking risks, and that means you're not going anywhere. The key is to make mistakes faster than the competition, so you have more changes to learn and win.” – John Holt
What is competition? How do people define what they compete for and why? As a consumer, how do you select which brand to buy versus another? What conditions are necessary for brands to have a competitive advantage?
In terms of biology, ecology and sociology, competition is a “contest between organisms, animals, individuals, groups, etc., for territory, a niche, or a location for resources and goods, mates, prestige, recognition, awards, social status, or for leadership.” In other words, this is how the human world defines the worth of anything.
If you observe human behavior, the scarcer something is, the more people want to compete for it. It is natural for people to compete to earn something valuable and rare. But the question is not what it is we are competing for, but why? What makes one product more precious than another?
What Are The Types of Competitive Advantage?
In any industry, there are four ways to have a competitive advantage.
- Cost leadership strategy - Products or services offered compete for lowest price
- Differentiation strategy - To be the first of its kind
- Innovation strategy - To be better than the first, second, third … and be the best so no one else can match up
- Operational effectiveness strategy - You perform business activities efficiently and make it fun to work with your company so that others want to keep doing business with you
The first one is most common for retails and marketplaces like Walmart that offers the lowest price. For the second strategy of uniqueness is Amazon. It was launched in 1995 as the first business online retail market. It established its brand well and has developed a huge loyal following.
Best example for the third type is Google that emerged on top beating out its predecessors like AltaVista, Lycos and even Yahoo as the primary Search Engine. Another great example is Apple for creating products like Ipod, Ipad, and Iphones. The fourth one should be a strategy done by all companies to make it enjoyable for other businesses to collaborate with you.
What Conditions Makes the Second Strategy Advantageous?
Being the first means you have no competition and can be the market leader because there is no one else. The first tend to be well recognized in history for being the first. They can secure the best locations, employees to hire and vendors to partner up with all for being the first.
However, this second strategy only lasts if the market is static, there is no one else and nothing changes. Obvious disadvantage to this strategy is that everything changes and new ones will always come up. The solution to the second strategy’s weakness is to follow the third strategy.
What Conditions Makes the Third Strategy Advantageous?
A company must always be an innovator unless they want others to eventually catch up to them. And that is exactly what Google did. Google built a search engine that is not only the simplest website interface in the world, but also the most cutting-edge technology to index websites that ever existed. Google stayed true to its simple interface and added more awesome gadgets like Gmail, Google Plus, Hangouts, Google Docs, etc. over the years.
In other words, the third strategy’s main advantage is to be able to learn from the mistakes made by its predecessors and avoid them. The second strategy’s strength is also its weakness because there are no proven customers and it is hard to get it right the first time. While the third’s main benefit is to go with the flow and follows change.
Third strategy’s other advantages are to avoid bad investments, sunk cost, risky mistakes, bad processes and use of less efficient technologies made by the second strategy. The third’s inner core is “timing is everything”. The right time to emerge is when the processes are established, there is a known market, and contains lesser risks. It is a balancing act of knowing when to keep learning and when to deliver new innovations.
What does improving mean to you? If the first one stops changing and improving, it will only be for a short while before a new one begins. Instead of waiting for a new one to unexpectedly show up, why not create changes and improvements yourself so in a way you will always be the first and best of all? | <urn:uuid:73b7e81f-4184-40e1-8f17-c6bc45ca1e64> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://goldlilys-media.com/blog/what-your-competitive-advantage | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00475.warc.gz | en | 0.957647 | 931 | 2.4375 | 2 |
This is a short introduction to the main history and idea behind the famous company, ADT.
ADT Inc., formerly named The ADT Corporation, is one of the largest American companies that provide small and residential based businesses with reliable and trustworthy electronic security, fire protection that is mostly successful in preventing fires, and other, similar alarm monitoring services to the companies of over a stunning 35 countries. Rather than have the standard way of being founded, the American District Telegraph was an affiliation of 57 telegraph companies on 1874.
The basic idea for ADT came from the president of Gold and Stock Telegraph Company, after his house was burgled. He had the idea of forming the first telegraph-based alert system. This idea was revolutionary for alarm systems at the time, and covered quite a large part of their hometown, with over 50 subscribers to their quite interconnected alarm system.
While they were incorporated into the Western Union in 1901, they kept their different businesses separate from each other. They would make their famed expansion into alarm systems sometime between 1910 and 1930 but were kept separated from AT&T’s alarm system business. By 1964, ADT was one of the largest alarm systems business in the country and was the sole provider in many big cities. Currently, they have been purchased by Tyco, utilizing the method of a reverse takeover.
Products and Services:-
ADT! offers the following to customers-
- Home Security
- Monitoring Services
- Home Automation
- Security Cameras
- Fire, Home & safety
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Create your job for free, get quotes from tradespeople and check out their profile to see their reviews. Our rating system means you can see for yourself just how good a tradesperson is. So there is no need to wait anymore. | <urn:uuid:1bd98845-b1c2-459d-9fba-f9373b55c8a7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.contactinfodirectory.com/how-to-contact-adt/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571198.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810161541-20220810191541-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.979493 | 374 | 1.773438 | 2 |
China and Japan are trading angry words after Chinese Vice Prime Minister Wu Yi abruptly canceled a meeting Monday with Japan's prime minister, Junichiro Koizumi, in Tokyo.
Chinese foreign ministry spokesman Kong Quan indicated China had decided to cancel Vice Prime Minister Wu Yi's meeting with the Japanese leader over remarks Mr. Koizumi has made about visiting a controversial war shrine.
At a regular briefing in Beijing, Mr. Kong said China is extremely dissatisfied over the Japanese leader's plans to pay yet another visit to the shrine to Japan's war dead, where a number of convicted Japanese war criminals who committed atrocities in China are among those honored.
"During Wu Yi's visit to Japan, the Japanese leader repeatedly made remarks about (visiting) the shrine, which is not conducive to strengthening Sino-Japanese relations," he said. "We are not happy with that."
Some Japanese officials called China's action Monday undiplomatic. Japan's foreign minister, Nobutaka Machimura, expressed dismay that Chinese officials offered no apology for Vice Prime Minster's Wu's cancellation.
"If she had urgent matters to take care of, we would of course understand. But just one word of apology would have been needed," he said.
The Japanese foreign minister compared China's behavior toward Mr. Koizumi to recent protests in which Chinese demonstrators attacked Japanese facilities in several cities across China.
The protests last month centered on Chinese accusations that Japanese history books glossed over the atrocities committed by Japan during its occupation of China in the first half of the 20th century.
Chinese officials on Monday had been quoted as saying Ms. Wu had to return to China due to an urgent matter. On Tuesday, they said only that she had been previously scheduled to travel to Mongolia. | <urn:uuid:e0843cc8-0355-4ceb-92fa-7079a78a939f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-2005-05-24-voa9/302338.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00205-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.974739 | 359 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Nonprofit cleans up East Providence shoreline
By FRANK CARINI/ecoRI News staff
PROVIDENCE — On a recent early-Friday afternoon, the industrialized waters of upper Narragansett Bay between Providence and East Providence were abuzz with sailboats and motorboats. Recreational sailors and fishermen were enjoying a picture-perfect spring day.
Three other boats, belonging to the East Providence harbormaster, the Coastal Resources Management Council (CRMC) and Clean Bays, were carrying an fleet of dignitaries — Sen. Sheldon Whitehouse, D-R.I., Department of Environmental Management Director Janet Coit, Attorney General Peter Kilmartin, East Providence City Council member Thomas Rose Jr. and CRMC Director Grover Fugate — who proudly took notice of the nearby water play.
“Just ten years ago I never imagined there would be this much activity in the upper bay,” Whitehouse said. “It’s wonderful to see.”
But there’s plenty of work that still needs to be done to rehabilitate the area. Besides suffering from oxygen-starved water, especially in the summer, and decades-old contaminated sediment, the upper bay/Seekonk River area that separates Providence from East Providence is cluttered with relics of the region’s marine past.
It’s a problem Whitehouse and Kent Dresser, executive director of Newport-based Clean Bays, have been discussing for a few years: thousands of wood pilings, some sticking up to 6 feet out of the water and others more dangerously lurking just below the surface; frames of abandoned barges leftover from Route 195 bridge construction; and about a dozen sunken shipwrecks. Some of this debris is more than a century old.
This debris is the product of development and the subsequent abandonment of properties, and storms. For example, a steamboat, in decent condition, sunk during the hurricane of 1938 is among the bones in this underwater graveyard.
“There’s a massive amount of debris out there,” Dresser said. “This project was a number of years in the making. It’s hard to fund, but there are economic and environmental factors for removing this debris.”
He also noted that the work is challenging on many fronts, from dealing with tides, currents and wind, to finding the right people and equipment, to actually securing the financing needed to complete the project.
Whitehouse said all this environmental pollution is a hazard to sailors, canoeists and kayakers, and is hindering the area’s revitalization.
“These legacy pilings are dangerous and ruin the beauty of this gorgeous marine environment,” he said. “They need to be cleared out. They’re no use to anybody, and they’re slowing the value of the area.”
Clean Bays spent the first two weeks of June removing pilings off Bold Point Park. To assist with the pilot phase of this underfunded project, Dresser had a 30-foot boat called the Aqualogger trucked in from Maine.
Owned by the Deadhead Lumber Co., the Aqualogger is used to salvage timber lost in lakes and rivers during Maine’s centuries of logging. These sunken logs — called deadheads — are often well preserved and valuable. The company turns this reclaimed wood into hardwood flooring.
To deal with the upper bay’s many wood pilings, the Aqualogger required a minor adjustment: a chain saw mounted on the bow capable of being lowered to and raised from a depth of up to 80 feet, to cut timbers at their base without upsetting contaminated sediments — a condition of the CRMC permit that authorized the work.
Most of these removed pilings — about 90 percent of which are oak, according to Dresser — will be dried in the sun and turned into flooring by Deadhead Lumber.
Clean Bay plans to target the former dry-dock and sunken vessels near Bold Point and industrial abandonment debris on Green Jacket Shoals. River debris in this area spans some 14 miles, from Bullock’s Point to Pawtucket, and the plan is to clean the area over five years — if funding can be secured.
Removing and collecting all of the debris will cost far more than has been raised. To begin the project, Clean Bays received a $50,000 grant from 11th Hour Racing, a Newport-based organization financed by the Schmidt Family Foundation.
Marine debris removal is listed as a priority in the Providence Harbor Special Area Management Plan, adopted by the CRMC in 1983. According to the document, in the 1980s, about 27,000 cubic yards of shoreline debris littered the upper bay and Seekonk River. The Army Corps of Engineers estimated at the time that a one-time harbor cleanup would cost $7 million. | <urn:uuid:09887a2a-fdb5-4243-b05a-0af439ff0b04> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ecori.org/narragansett-bay/2014/6/16/cutting-down-marine-relics-to-open-up-bay.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00436-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950131 | 1,017 | 1.851563 | 2 |
CBSE on Monday released New pattern scheme for class 10 and class 12 board exams for the session 2021-22. The new scheme has been released to satisfy the challenges faced by the board in 2020-21 thanks to the covid-19 situation within the country. during a notice to all or any affiliated schools, CBSE said that the scheme has been released insight into the country’s pandemic situation. The board had to cancel both class 10 and class 12 exams of 2021 because of the pandemic.
The board has introduced the subsequent scheme for the assessment of learning outcomes for class 10 and class 12 for educational sessions 2021-22.
Special scheme for 2021-22
For the Year 2021-22, the educational session is going to be divided into two terms with approximately 50% syllabus in each term. The syllabus will be bifurcated by subject experts and examination will be conducted at the tip of the term on the premise of the bifurcated syllabus.
The syllabus for the conduct of class 10 and class 12 board exams also will be rationalized. The rationalization is going to be almost like last school term and can be notified in July.
Also, efforts are going to be made to form e Internal Assessment/ Practical/ Project work more credible and valid as per the rules and Moderation Policy to be announced by the Board to make sure fair distribution of marks.
For Class 9 and class 10 students, internal assessments will continue throughout the year regardless of term-end exams. Also, in Classes 11-12, internal assessment (throughout the year-irrespective of Term I and II) would come with the end of topic or unit tests/ exploratory activities/practicals/ projects.
Schools will create and retain profiles of scholars for all assessments undertaken over the year. Schools will upload marks of Internal Assessment on the CBSE IT platform. Guidelines for internal assessment are going to be provided by CBSE.
The board will conduct the Term I examination within the month of November-December 2021. The questions paper will comprise Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) including case-based MCQs and MCQs on the assertion-reasoning type. The duration of the test is going to be 90 minutes. The Term-II or the year-end examination is going to be held around March-April 2022 at the examination center fixed by the board. The paper is going to be of two hours duration and have questions of various formats.
If things aren’t conducive for the traditional descriptive examination, a 90-minute MCQ-based examination will also be conducted at the tip of term two. The marks scored by the candidate within the Term-II examination would contribute to the ultimate overall score.
As per the official notification of the board, “In case things of the pandemic forces complete closure of schools during November-December 2021, but Term II exams are held at schools or centers. The term I MCQ-based examination would be done by students online/offline from home – during this case, the weightage of this exam for the ultimate score would be reduced, and therefore the weightage of Term II exams is going to be increased for declaration of the ultimate result’.
It further added that ‘In case things of the pandemic force complete closure of schools during March-April 2022, but Term I exams are held at schools or centers. Results would be supported the performance of scholars on Term I MCQ-based examination and internal assessments. The weightage of marks of Term I examination conducted by the Board is going to be increased to supply year-end results of candidates’.
The board further said that just in case things of the pandemic forces complete closure of schools and Board conducted Term I and II exams are taken by the candidates from range in the session 2021-22. The result would be based on Internal Assessment/Practical/Project work and Theory marks of Term-I and Term-II exams. | <urn:uuid:46afef3e-afd1-436d-9f12-9199a34bd3af> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gsislg.in/cbses-new-scheme-pattern-for-boards-2021-22/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570921.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809094531-20220809124531-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.965492 | 817 | 1.578125 | 2 |
The New National Education Policy made us wait for the last 34 years. It was in 1986 that the present curriculum came into existence. In Indian politics, the subject of education has mostly remained at the back foot because it wasn’t vote fetching. Why should one think about the children who aren’t even eligible to vote might be the understanding for the politicians sitting in our Parliament. BJP had this change for policy in their manifesto since 2014.
Last, in 2015, there were certain recommendations made, but no heap was worth the education as already legislators has done enough by introducing Art 21-A as a fundamental right. Yes, it did show an increase in the literacy rate from 60% to 74% now. In a country where going to school is a privilege, then who thinks about what educational form it is in. Thankfully ISRO ex-chief K Kasturirangan led an expert panel and prepared the long due new education policy.
This educational policy is perfect in it’ entirety keeping the ongoing requirement of our country in one hand and balancing with the practice of the world. The focus is holistic, as it gives equal weightage to academic, vocational training and then extra-curriculars. The idea is to focus on developing skill in the area of interest of the children so that sooner when they leave school, they are prepared for the world out there.
Let us learn what kind of segregation and changes the policy has brought: -
Changes to the pattern in School Education
Foremost the curriculum that existed in 10+2 form is to be replaced with 5+3+3+4 pattern. That is corresponding to ages 3-8, 8-11, 11-14, and 14-18 years respectively. This will bring the hitherto uncovered age group of 3-6 years under school curriculum, which has been recognized globally as the crucial stage for development of mental faculties of a child.
Option for teaching in mother till standard 6th specifically and can be extended to Class 8th.
Teach coding from 6th standard. It was practised in China for long and now you can see the level of development they have reached.
360-degree Holistic Progress Card of Child covering the practical – academic and what not.
Changes to the pattern in Higher Secondary Education
For example: There will be no division as before into Science, Commerce and Humanities stream. All the options will be available to the higher secondary students. They can create their own combination for subjects and take up for the term.
Language - Sanskrit to be offered at all levels of school and higher education as an option for students, including in the three-language formula. Other classical languages and literatures of India shall be available as options.
Academic Bank of Credits shall be created wherein a student can take a sabbatical for a year or so and return to join where he/she left.
Internship programme shall be promoted from 6th standard onwards.
Under-graduate or post graduate programmes shall be made flexible with multiple exit and entry options.
- Undergraduate Programme – 3 or 4 year
- Post Graduate Programme – 1 or 2 year
- Integrated 5-year Bachelor’s/ Master
- Discontinued Mphil
Multidisciplinary Education and Research Universities (MERUs) at par with IITs, IIMs to be set up as models of best multidisciplinary education of global standards in the country.
The National Research Foundation will be created as an apex body for fostering a strong research culture and building research capacity across higher education.
Higher Education Commission of India (HECI) will be set up as a single overarching umbrella body for entire higher education, excluding medical and legal education. HECI to have four independent verticals - National Higher Education Regulatory Council (NHERC) for regulation, General Education Council (GEC ) for standard-setting, Higher Education Grants Council (HEGC) for funding, and National Accreditation Council( NAC) for accreditation. Public and private higher education institutions will be governed by the same set of norms for regulation, accreditation, and academic standards.
Changes for Teachers
A new and comprehensive National Curriculum Framework for Teacher Education, NCFTE 2021, will be formulated by the NCTE in consultation with NCERT. By 2030, the minimum degree qualification for teaching will be a 4-year integrated B.Ed. degree
Finally, the outcome-focused out of NEP is, firstly universalization of education. Then at least every student shall come out of school with definite practical skills. The Board exams shall be held to test the core and application skills of the knowledge attained. There will lie no difference between private and government education.
It is surprising to see that the HRD Ministry has also changed its name to the Ministry of Education. A little alarming and quite a warm step considering the year 2020. The government has proposed to increase it’s GDP investment in education from 1.6% to 6% at least. They have also focused on Gross Enrolment Ratio, increasing it to 50% by 2035. These are numbers and only attainable when there is a dynamic change in the approach. The government schools should equally be in parlance to private schools as the Kejriwal Government did in Delhi. The government schools in Delhi are functioning well with fully equipped technology. Certainly, the perfect example as needed.
When the constituent Assembly took the subject of free and compulsory education for debate, one of the member B. Das was sceptical about putting education under the directive policy due to its legal enforceability. And later yes, the point became the matter of debate not once but several times. The point of writing this is that even our constitutional fathers weren’t particular about education then why would something change in the present context. | <urn:uuid:bfb5b5f7-a2f1-49c9-88a6-a712a865149e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.finology.in/Legal-news/national-education-policy-2020 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570741.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808001418-20220808031418-00078.warc.gz | en | 0.957018 | 1,215 | 2.765625 | 3 |
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Crushers cement industry crushers cement industry Catalogue of crushers for cement industry hazemag meco apslyl series secondary impact crusher m third crushing path is ideally suited to reduce the north american aggregate and cement industries, catalogue crusher for cement industry. [email protected] Get a Quote Chat Online.Read More | <urn:uuid:8d81261e-32a7-462f-a770-e013b8fb5024> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mobilite33.fr/crushing-equipment/13833/crusher.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.826586 | 148 | 1.929688 | 2 |
A creative video with a catchy tune from Marbles The Brain Store got 1.4 million views last year.
Every grade schooler in the United States has to learn the capitals of every state, and Marbles The Brain Store tapped into that rite of passage and created a catchy and engaging video to assist with the memorization. In the process, the video helped turn the CD with the tune on it into a top seller on MarblesTheBrainStore.com.
The song, “Tour the States,” appears on a CD called BrainBeads, and the video supporting it debuted in 2012, garnering 167,000 views. In 2013, it got 1.4 million—thanks in part to Parade magazine including it in its holiday gift guide—and it has more than 1.2 million to date this year, said Angie Seaman, e-commerce manager at Marbles The Brain Store, in a presentation at the Internet Retailer 2014 Conference & Exhibition yesterday. The video features an artist using a black marker to draw the outline of the United States and the individual states on a big white piece of paper, filling in the capitals in time with the lyrics of the song.
After the video caught momentum, BrainBeads became the best-selling product on the e-commerce site, and it is consistently in the top 10 to this day. Seaman said teachers and parents use it to help kids learn their geography.
The chain retailer—it has 28 stores spread across the country—of educational toys has created 350 videos since it started its video initiative in 2009, and has 10,000 subscribers to its YouTube channel, Seaman said. Consumers watched its videos more than 2.1 million times last year, and Seaman said that products that have video convert 25% better than products that do not. | <urn:uuid:0ad5338e-fc35-4932-a0ac-04e07c921905> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.internetretailer.com/mobile/2014/06/11/how-video-helped-make-product-top-seller?list_type=cat&cat=video-rich-media&index=4 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00315-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955921 | 372 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Two reports released today show that Santa Claus was busy leaving smartphones and tablets under the Christmas tree this holiday.
Flurry, a research firm that tracks mobile apps, said that a record number of smartphones and tablets were activated on Christmas Day, with their new owners immediately downloading new apps. On a typical day, an average of about 4 million devices are activated, but on Christmas, that number jumped to 17.4 million. Last Christmas, 6.8 million devices were turned on on Christmas day.
The new owners downloaded 328 million apps on Christmas, compared with about 155 million a day in the weeks leading up to Christmas.
Tablets were the big winner on Christmas. Though it’s usually the other way around, on Christmas, slightly more tablets than smartphones — 51 percent versus 49 percent — were turned on. Not too surprisingly, the most popular were the iPad, the iPad mini and the Kindle HD Fire 7″ tablets.
Similarly, another report by the Pew Internet & American Life Project finds that the number of ebook readers are growing while readers of old-fashioned print books are declining. Its survey estimates that, over the past year, the percentage of ebook readers ages 16 and up climbed from 16 percent to 23 percent. The percentage of print book readers, meanwhile, dropped from 72 percent to 67 percent.
The Pew report also said that, of November 2012, about a quarter of all Americans ages 16 and older own tablet computers such as iPads or Kindle Fires, up from 10 percent who owned tablets around the same time last year. In late 2012, 19 percent now own ebook reading devices such as Kindles and Nooks, compared with 10 percent last year. | <urn:uuid:4d966392-4494-4c59-8495-c601922f2afe> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://blog.sfgate.com/techchron/2012/12/27/a-very-merry-christmas-for-apps-smartphones-and-tablets/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719286.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00497-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962581 | 338 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Correlation of audiometric data with changes in cochlear hair cell stereocilia resulting from impulse noise trauma.
Acta Oto-Laryngol 1982 Jan; 93(5-6):329-340
The relationship between ultrastructural changes in cochlear hair cells and hearing loss was studied in chinchillas. Four animals were exposed to impulse noise at a rate of 1 impulse per minute for 50 minutes at a peak intensity of 155 decibels. Hearing was measured before exposure, immediately after exposure, and 30 days later using the evoked response technique. Animals then were killed, and cochleas were sectioned and examined by transmission electron microscopy. The type and extent of ultrastructural damage to the sensory cells was compared with the permanent threshold shift determined by audiometric testing. Inner and outer hair cells showed a variety of alterations in sensory cell ultrastructure after exposure to impulse noise trauma, but most of the changes had no consistent pattern and were not related to hearing threshold changes. The only changes consistently correlated with hearing loss were in the outer hair cell stereocilia, and the degree of damage was related to the amount of threshold elevation. Outer hair cell stereocilia consistently were altered when the threshold was elevated 15 to 30 decibels. The stereocilia were no longer erect, and their membranes were loose and wrinkled. Stereocilia were missing in some cases and were fused in other cases with disintegration of the stereocilia rootlets. The authors conclude that impulse noise trauma may case a permanent threshold shift in hearing by altering the outer hair cell stereocilia membrane permeability, surface charge, and actin conformation.
NIOSH-Publication; NIOSH-Grant; Noise; Noise-levels; Noise-induced-hearing-loss; Hearing-tests; Hearing-impairment; Noise-waves; Acoustic-trauma;
Author Keywords: acoustic trauma; cochlear pathology; hair cell; stereocilia
Callier Ctr/communic Disorders Callier Center 1966 Inwood Road Dallas, Tex 75235
University of Texas Dallas, Richardson, Texas | <urn:uuid:af861e89-10f2-4665-9d21-9a179bc9281d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/nioshtic-2/00125572.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00384-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.929394 | 438 | 2.203125 | 2 |
|Description||A condition in which Scientologists say a person is free of the influence of unwanted emotions and memories of trauma|
|Early proponents||L. Ron Hubbard|
|Key texts||Hubbard's Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health (1950)|
Clear in Dianetics and Scientology is one of two levels a practitioner can achieve on the way to personal salvation. A state of Clear is reached when a person becomes free of the influence of engrams, unwanted emotions or painful traumas not readily available to the conscious mind. Scientologists believe that human beings accumulate anxieties, psychosomatic illnesses, and aberration due to receiving engrams throughout their lives and that by applying dianetics every single person can reach Clear.
A Clear is defined by the Church of Scientology as person who no longer has a "reactive mind", and is therefore free from the reactive mind's negative effects. A Clear is said to be "at cause over" (in control of) their "mental energy" (their thoughts), and able to think clearly even when faced with the very situation that in earlier times caused them difficulty. The next level of spiritual development is that of an Operating Thetan. A person who has not reached a state of Clear is called a "pre-clear."
Dianetics states that a person's awareness is influenced by the stimulus-response of the reactive mind. Achieving the state of Clear means a person has overcome the reactive mind and is in complete control of their analytical mind. According to Hubbard: "A Clear is a being who no longer has his own reactive mind, and therefore suffers none of the ill effects the reactive mind can cause. The Clear has no engrams which, when restimulated, throw out the correctness of his computations by entering hidden and false data." Sociologist Roy Wallis noted, “Being Clear meant being able to do all those things which one could currently not do, and to which one aspired so desperately.” It is estimated that the cost of reaching the Clear state in Scientology is $128,000.
The state of Clear
In Dianetics, L. Ron Hubbard, founder of Scientology, states that becoming Clear strengthens a person's native individuality and creativity and a Clear is free with his emotions. In The State Of Clear a Clear is defined as "a being who no longer has his own reactive mind, and therefore suffers none of the ill effects the reactive mind can cause". Hubbard states that merely knowing what the cognition is does not have the effect of realizing it for oneself:
Now, we've known for a long time that a thetan made up his own bank (reactive mind), but telling him so didn't get him over it. And we've just found out again that telling him so didn't get him over it, too. Even when he's almost Clear. We say, "Hey, you're mocking it up," and he'd say, "Hey, am I mocking it up ? Yeah, I am mocking it up." And he'll go Clear — pshew! — and he goes off that bottom step that isn't there, you know? And he's got to go back on and finish it up the way he should. It's got to be his cognition.
Hubbard described Clears as having "an awareness which can create energy at will, and can handle and control, erase or re-create an analytical or reactive mind". Hubbard claimed that Clears have complete memories and know why events in their lives have happened, which leaves them free to pursue their goals without hindrances (the "reactive mind") emanating from past experiences. Religious scholar Pat Cook compared being "clear" to Nirvana in Zen Buddhism, a state of being that is much desired and respected in Scientology.
The Clear state is said to be achieved through the Scientology practice of auditing. A person undergoing auditing is called a "pre-clear" or "pc" in Scientology terminology. The Church of Scientology claims that if all individuals in the world were “clear” the world would be “free of drugs, war, pollution, crime, mental illness and other ills.”
Steps after Clear
After attaining the state of Clear, a person may go on to study the Operating Thetan levels, which are described in Scientology materials as states where the ability to operate outside the body via "exteriorization" becomes commonplace. Beyond that comes "Cleared Theta Clear," which Hubbard describes this way:
"A thetan who is completely rehabilitated and can do everything a thetan should do, such as move [matter, energy, space, and time (MEST)] and control others from a distance, or create his own universe; a person who is able to create his own universe or, living in the MEST universe is able to create illusions perceivable by others at will, to handle MEST universe objects without mechanical means and to have and feel no need of bodies or even the MEST universe to keep himself and his friends interested in existence".
There are several conflicting accounts of who first attained the state of Clear, and under what circumstances. In August 1950, amidst the success of Dianetics, Hubbard held a demonstration in Los Angeles' Shrine Auditorium where he presented a young woman called Sonya Bianca (a pseudonym) to a large audience including many reporters and photographers as "the world's first Clear." However, despite Hubbard's claim that she had "full and perfect recall of every moment of her life", Bianca proved unable to answer questions from the audience testing her memory and analytical abilities, including the question of the color of Hubbard's tie. Hubbard explained Bianca's failure to display her promised powers of recall to the audience by saying that he had used the word "now" in calling her to the stage, and thus inadvertently froze her in "present time," which blocked her abilities.
Later, in the late 1950s, Hubbard would claim that several people had reached the state of Clear by the time he presented Bianca as the world's first; these others, Hubbard said, he had successfully cleared in the late 1940s while working incognito in Hollywood posing as a swami.
In 1966, Hubbard declared South African Scientologist John McMaster to be the first true Clear. McMaster had joined Scientology around 1962, having experienced relief of chronic stomach pain after his first auditing session. He became a leading public spokesman for Scientology and later a member of the Sea Org. He left in November 1969, expressing continuing belief in the Scientology Tech, but disapproval of the way Scientology was managed.
- Goldstein, Laurie. "Defectors Say Church of Scientology Hides Abuse", The New York Times, March 6, 2010.
- Bromley, David G. "Making Sense of Scientology", in James R. Lewis. Scientology. Oxford University Press, 2009, p. 92.
- What is Scientology web site
- Urban, Hugh B. (2011). The Church of Scientology: A History of a New Religion. Princeton University Press. Retrieved 2015-12-17.
- How Much Does Scientology Cost?
- The State Of Clear: Catechism of Scientology official web site
- Saint Hill Special Briefing Course lecture # 434, 26 July 1966
- Cook, Pat (1971). "Scientology and Dianetics". The Journal of Education. 153 (4): 58–61. JSTOR 42773008.
- Newport, John P. (1998). The New Age Movement and the Biblical Worldview: Conflict and Dialogue. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. ISBN 9780802844309.
- Hubbard, Scientology 8-8008, pg 114 (1st ed), pg. 151 (1990 ed.)
- Miller, Russell (1987). Bare-Faced Messiah: The True Story of L. Ron Hubbard. ISBN 0-8050-0654-0.
- Atack, Jon (1990). A Piece of Blue Sky: Scientology, Dianetics and L. Ron Hubbard Exposed. ISBN 0-8184-0499-X.
- Hubbard, L. Ron (October 1958). The Story of Dianetics and Scientology, Lecture 18 (Speech).
by 1947, I had achieved clearing.
- Levy, Alan (1968-11-15). "Scientology". Life.
- Michener, Wendy (1966-08-22). "Is This the Happiest Man in the World?". Maclean's.
- L. Ron Hubbard, Dianetics: The Modern Science Of Mental Health, 1950
- L. Ron Hubbard, The Classification Chart and Auditing, Saint Hill Special Briefing Course lecture 434, 26 July 1966
- L. Ron Hubbard, Dianetic Clear, HCO Bulletin 24 SeptemberRC 78 Issue III, Revised 18 Dec 88
- Scientology FAQs: The state of Clear
- EssentialDianetics.org: understanding the mind "The Clear"
- New Era Dianetics: “The state of Clear” | <urn:uuid:bfcb0110-001b-4e24-b607-8e46440c9528> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clear_(Scientology) | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00551-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943612 | 1,855 | 2.71875 | 3 |
Details of Consequence examines a trait that is taken for granted and rarely investigated in fin-de-siecle French music: ornamental extravagance. Considering why such composers as Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel, Gabriel Faure, Igor Stravinsky, and Erik Satie, turned their attention to the seemingly innocuous and allegedly superficial phenomenon of ornament at pivotal moments of their careers, this book shows that the range of decorative languages and unusual ways in which ornament is manifest in their works doesn't only suggest a willingness to decorate or render music beautiful. Rather, in keeping with the sorts of changes that decorative expression was undergoing in the work of Eugene Grasset, Pierre Bonnard, Henri Matisse, and other painters, composers also invested their creative energies in re-imagining ornament, relying on a variety of decorative techniques to emphasize what was new and unprecedented in their treatment of form, meter, rhythm, melody, and texture. Furthermore, abundant displays of ornament in their music served to privilege associations that had been previously condemned in Western philosophy such as femininity, sensuality, exoticism, mystery, and fantasy.
Alongside specific visual examples, author Gurminder Kaur Bhogal offers analyses of piano pieces, orchestral music, chamber works, and compositions written for the Ballets Russes to highlight the disorienting effect of musical experiments with ornament. Acknowledging the willingness of listeners to borrow vocabulary from the visual arts when describing decorative music, Bhogal probes the formation of art-music metaphors, and studies the cognitive impetus behind tendencies to posit stylistic parallels. She further illustrates that the rising expressive status of ornament in music and art had broad social and cultural implications as evidenced by its widespread involvement in debates on French identity, style, aesthetics, and progress. Drawing on a range of recent scholarship in the humanities at large, including studies in feminist theory, nationalism, and orientalism, Details of Consequence is an intensely interdisciplinary look at an important facet of fin-de-siecle French music. | <urn:uuid:dae27e10-5431-4d5b-b02b-83a21a217695> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.tanum.no/_details-of-consequence-gurminder-kaur-bhogal-9780199795055 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280221.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00234-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942694 | 412 | 2.15625 | 2 |
These games teach valuable skills and have a high fun and educational rating.
Your child will explore the concept of cause-and-effect by planting bulbs and letting it rain to see the plants bloom.
Your child learns how to make compost and what it is used for by watching Curious George make it to feed his plant.
Your child will develop cognitive skills and spatial reasoning by filling in animal pictures with block of varying sizes.
Your child learns about the different habitats that animals belong in by traveling along a map to help them find their home. | <urn:uuid:306f6a8e-35bc-4446-ba3e-46d75121ea81> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.zoodles.com/free-online-kids-games/curious-george_life-science | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721008.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00117-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952687 | 110 | 3.5625 | 4 |
To the red headed comedian, (no need to mention your name as all you seem to want is recognition), the late night talk show host, the Liberal Media and Most of Hollywood, You Do Not Represent the Majority of Americans. In spite of your loud voices and constant hypocritical rhetoric against anyone that thinks different from you and your intolerance for opposing views most Americans can respect each other and accept our differences. We are a free nation with the ability to speak, act and pray as we want. We are also a nation of responsibility and consequences. If one chooses to act a certain way than they also need to accept reactions of others. Morally we should not hurt, degrade or dishonor anyone. We have laws against libel, slander and public discourse. Those in the public eye, whether politicians, athletes, celebrities etc. seem to be more susceptible to ridicule and critiques as long as a line is not crossed (sorry Jim Carrey, there is indeed a moral line) most move on without issue. There is no question that the Media and Hollywood have pushed the Moral/Ethical Line down to the gutter for the sole purpose of fame, fortune and power. The laws protect you in spite of your disgusting shift towards foulmouthed, sexual, in your face, anti-family values. The majority of Americans, regardless of political and social views, have to battle each and every day the garbage you put out. Parents worry that their children will listen to a song, see a TV show or watch a movie that shows the opposite of what they are trying to teach them at home. With social media it is almost impossible to shield all the garbage 24-7. Those that are not parents are just as disgusted as they see society portrayed in a way that goes against what most believe in. You are free to do what you want but as you continue to push the line at some point you won’t be able to push anymore and you will hit a wall and fall. There will be no one to blame but yourself as everyone is responsible for their own actions.
As I recently hit the ½ century mark I thought it was a good time to share some basic reminders that have been beneficial to me to get through this thing called life. We can only control ourselves and how we act and react. Life is what we make of it regardless of those around us.
50 years of life lessons… here are some of my favorites:
- Don’t sweat the small stuff (Life is full of challenges, focus on what is truly important)
- Smile and say Thank You (you might just brighten someone’s day)
- Be humble and laugh at yourself when you can (We all make mistakes and do silly things)
- Remember that each of us are important and can make a positive impact on others
- Find time to pray and be thankful for the opportunity of Life that GOD has given us
- Never stop learning and trying to better yourself
- Enjoy the blessings along the way (time goes by fast with no guarantees)
- It is OK to ask for help when you need it, in turn help others when you can
- Today’s technology can make a 50-year-old feel really stupid but we “middle-agers” can still offer a lot to the next generation
- Never forget to tell those that are important to you that “They are important to you” | <urn:uuid:ee282ff5-e535-435c-9bb7-b73ba9679b7c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ericgrunor.blog/2017/06/page/2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571869.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813021048-20220813051048-00066.warc.gz | en | 0.968403 | 696 | 1.703125 | 2 |
While sitting in my hotel on vacation I noticed a hotrod in the hotel parking lot. When the owner got into this supreme machine he gunned the engine a few times and it made my heart skip a few beats. I love cars and I know this blog is dedicated to hotel and travel news, but I’m sure there are some traveling lovers who also love cars, engines and everything automobile related, so this article is dedicated to the camshaft.
A camshaft is a very vital component of a vehicle engine. Controlling the opening and closing processes of the valves; it influences the emissions, fuel economy, and engine performance substantially. In other words, camshafts regulate the air and fuel flow into and out of the engine to make a strong impact on the overall performance. So, a camshaft plays a very critical role in keeping the engine optimally functional.
Components of a Camshaft
As the name suggests, the cams and the shaft are the main components of a camshaft. Cams refer to egg-shaped lobes. With the help of the lobes or cams, the camshafts push against the exhaust and intake valves to open as they rotate. The shafts spin once with every four-stroke cycle of the engine. The valves are brought back to the closed position by the springs on the valve.
Fixed camshafts make a negative impact on engine efficiency
A fixed camshaft is an ideal choice only at one engine speed. As the engine speed changes, the performance deteriorates considerably. That is to say, the engine turns incompetent to perform to its full potential when there is a change in the engine speed. To overcome this limitation, the vehicle manufacturers have developed techniques to vary the cam profile as the speed of the engine changes.
Different camshaft configurations
You can find many different arrangements of camshafts on engines. The most common configurations are:
Single Overhead Cam
Single overhead cam refers to an engine with one cam per head. For all vehicles with an inline 4-cylinder or 6-cylinder engine, you can find only one cam. There are two cams for all V-6 or V-8 engines. What does it mean? Single overhead cam refers to one cam per head.
Double Overhead Cam
This type of engine comes with two cams per head. So V engines and inline engines have 4 and 2 cams respectively. Double overhead cams are highly suitable on vehicle engines with four or more valves per cylinder.
What makes pushrod engines different? The camshafts on pushrod engines are located inside the engine instead of being housed in the head. A short chain or gears drive the camshafts in pushrod engines.
Types of Camshafts
You can find two types of camshafts nowadays, namely:
Featuring a flat bottom on the lifters; flat tappets are widely used in racing engines. Compared to roller cams, these camshafts are less expensive.
Equipped with fatter lobes; roller cams are the popular choice for all modern vehicles. You can find a rolling cylinder at the end of these camshafts. Though roller cams are more expensive, you can expect reduced friction and higher reliability.
You can also find a sensor on the camshafts of all modern vehicles. Monitoring the shaft rotation; the sensor takes note of the valve opening and closure timings. This information is transferred to the Engine Control Unit (ECU) of the vehicle. These details are highly beneficial to fine-tune the injector pulse and spark timing. | <urn:uuid:3699e357-8689-41de-88f4-7b4cb7ed3a3a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://bebcassio.com/category/blogging/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571198.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810161541-20220810191541-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.937775 | 771 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Dr. Ashley Hazel is a postdoctoral researcher in anthropology at Stanford University. In 2008, while a Ph.D. student at the University of Michigan, she received a Dissertation Fieldwork Grant to aid research on ‘Sexually Transmitted Disease, Ecology, and Reproduction among the Tjimba/Himba: A Pastoral Community in Transition,’ supervised by Dr. Bobbi Stiers Low. Following her fieldwork research seeking to measure the prevalence of two common STDs—gonorrhea and herpes—and identify significant ecological and behavioral risk factors for disease in her host community, she received Wenner-Gren’s Engaged Anthropology Grant to return to her field site and share her findings.
My PhD research sought to measure the prevalence and risk factors of two common sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)—herpes simplex virus type 2 (herpes) and Neisseria gonorrhea (gonorrhea)—among the highly remote pastoralists of Kaokoland, in northwestern Namibia. This community has long been considered high-risk for two reasons: First, it is generally acceptable for men and women to have multiple and concurrent sexual partners and, meanwhile, condoms are generally disliked and distrusted. Second, Kaokoland is a highly remote and resource-poor area of Namibia where access to healthcare and health education is unreliable at best. To learn about the degree and sources of burden of STDs in Kaokoland, I had to collect highly sensitive data and make requests from the study participants that were completely unheard of. Among other things, I asked people to collect a swab of genital fluid (to test for gonorrhea), to let me prick their finger for a small blood sample (to test for herpes), and to tell me the names of all their current sexual partners. These are very strange, possibly frightening, requests, and yet, 445 people trusted me when I said I was asking for these samples and personal details because the information gleaned from them could have a positive impact on reproductive health for their community. It was the generous and trusting spirits of these participants that motivated my application to the Engaged Anthropology Grant Program. I felt a debt to their contribution that could not be paid solely through dissemination in academic journals and conferences.
Therefore, I proposed to return to Namibia with the primary aim of communicating my research findings to community members in Kaokoland, local healthcare workers, and policy-makers at the Ministry of Health and Social Services (MoHSS). I had an additional, indirectly related, aim to engage in conversations with advanced secondary and early tertiary Namibian students to promote more Namibians to conduct social science research in their country. My trip to Namibia was full and productive; I feel that I accomplished most aspects of my aims, though not always in the way I expected to.
Sharing my research findings
Although I have been to Namibia two other times since completing my fieldwork in 2009, this dissemination trip was to be my first return to the villages where I collected data. After arriving in Namibia, I traveled up to Kaokoland and began a series of trips to some of the main villages where we collected data in 2009. As it is the dry season in Kaokoland (during a drought year, no less) people are more dispersed and villages that are small to begin with clear out completely. We therefore focused on the larger villages where we could gather groups of at least ten people.
To my great delight and relief, we (my translator, John, and me) were welcomed back warmly to each village and we gathered large groups for our meetings. I began the meetings be reminding people about the purpose of my research and the kinds of data I was collecting. Although I always recognized several people at our gatherings, there were many people whom I had not met and might not have heard of our work. For each meeting, I summarized the key points of my findings and, with each finding, I explained why I thought it was important information for healthcare workers to know about. For example, I explained that the majority of high bacteria-load gonorrhea cases in the study sample came from people staying in villages in the Ehama region during the winter months for the plethora of weddings and ceremonies taking place there during the winter months. I told them that I thought this is information that could be useful for the resource-strapped local clinics to target their outreach efforts at times and places where risk is highest.
Our meetings usually began to take on a discussion format when I brought up the issue of asymptomatic infections. I was alarmed at the number of gonorrhea cases in my sample that were asymptomatic (i.e. the participant’s sample was positive, but the participant reported no symptoms of infection within the past six months). Given the remoteness of Kaokoland, STDs are managed syndromically, so if an infected person does not recognize his or her symptoms, they will not receive treatment. Although there could be biological explanations for this phenomenon—the majority of gonorrhea strains circulating through Kaokoland do not produce symptoms or these asymptomatic cases reveal partial immunity to common strains—there are likely also social factors. I offered the various village groups my best explanation for why infected people in Kaokoland do not recognize their symptom: there are heavy tradeoffs to visiting a clinic in the form of great time and money expenditure. If people often decide their symptoms do not warrant medical treatment, they will experience symptoms longer and those sensations—burning, itching, back/abdomen pain—will begin to feel normal, making it hard to identify true signs of infection. In general, people agreed that this explanation made sense, but in every village, people offered other explanations or stories for the disconnect among infection, symptoms, and treatment. In some cases, people acknowledged that when they experience gonorrhea-like symptoms they choose to wait several days to see if it will go away. (Such a strategy might be OK for some fevers or diarrhea, but with gonorrhea, the disappearance of symptoms is not coincident with the disappearance of infection.) In one village, people told me that if their symptoms do not include observable discharge (which is common, especially for women), the nurse will not give them medication. These discussions were very enlightening for me because they gave me a much truer and more complex picture of the healthcare challenges in Kaokoland. These discussions helped shape what I thought would be my talking points when I had my meetings at the MoHSS, the week after leaving Kaokoland.
I met with several people at the Ministry of Health. My most valuable discussions were with Dr. Ismael Katjitae, an internal medicine specialist who works closely with AIDS treatment guidelines and who has long been enthusiastic about health research in Namibia. We spoke at length about my findings and the challenges of syndromic management programs, particularly with regard to the social pressures that influence treatment-seeking behavior. Dr. Katjitae also introduced me to a few colleagues of his that are interested in reproductive healthcare and STD research. These introductions have developed into ongoing conversations where we exchange information about the challenges of providing rural healthcare and how to design health research for highly remote settings. Dr. Vaiya Zaetije has done outreach work in several rural areas of Namibia, including Kaokoland, and provided many new insights into the health problems of remotely living Namibians. He is also interested in expanding his outreach efforts to include research into common, but often undiagnosed, conditions in undertreated, rural communities; thus, we have begun discussion possible future collaborations that could merge my fieldwork expertise with his clinical outreach capabilities.
Promoting advanced education in Namibia
My second aim for my dissemination trip was to speak about careers in social science with TUCSIN students, who are advanced secondary students preparing to apply for university-level training. My work with TUCSIN on this trip was very fruitful, though I did not do the specific thing I proposed. At the time of my visit, Dr. Beatrice Sandelowsky, the TUCSIN founder who was to facilitate my lecture series at the four TUCSIN campuses, was engaged in negotiations to build a new campus in, Tsumkwe, in eastern Namibia. Tsumkwe is a small, remote town in the traditional home range of the Ju/’hoansi San people (aka, The Bushmen). It is one of the poorest areas of Namibia and the dropout rate for students, by the time they reach grade 12, is nearly 100%. Dr. Sandelowsky and TUCSIN see a great need for new educational resources in Tsumkwe, but are not sure where to start. Dr. Sandelowsky asked me to serve as a consultant on a trip to Tsumkwe wherein we would meet with local principals, teachers, tribal authorities, and other interested community members to determine the greatest educational needs for the community. We had several individual meetings with school staff and community workers and we also organized a large stakeholders meeting that brought together people with a range of background and perspectives. Our final assessment was that vocational training, adult education, and literacy training are in great need and will contribute to a system that supports advancement to secondary education and improves outcomes for individuals that do not complete high school. Meanwhile, Dr. Sandelowsky and I also discussed implementing a research-mentoring component to TUCSIN’s education work in Tsumkwe. We are now planning a program where we will work with former TUCSIN students (from the other campuses who have completed high school) and other Namibian undergraduate students to teach research skills (research design, field methods, analyses for social research) and culture and heritage preservation at the Tsumkwe campus. | <urn:uuid:07727bcf-cd12-49bc-9295-85ee9ee0745f> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://blog.wennergren.org/2013/12/engaged-anthropology-grant-ashley-hazel/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719027.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00301-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969449 | 2,020 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Newton, the place we are all proud to call home!
Newton was founded in 1850 and incorporated as a city in 1857. In the late 19th century, Newton’s growth was fueled by the development of coal mines in the region.
The first significant mine in the area was the Couch mine of the Jasper County Coal and Railway Company, opened in the 1870s. It was, for a while, the largest mine in the county, producing 70 tons per day.
William Snooks opened a mine near Newton in 1886. In the early 20th century, large scale mining in the Newton area had declined, but there were still several mines in the area that were worked intermittently.
Its most distinctive landmark, the Jasper County Courthouse, was built in 1911. Photo is of the Maytag Dairy Farms courtesy of Christiane Tas. | <urn:uuid:fc44fc13-b3e1-4658-9608-e38a9d18a22b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://wesellnewton.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00226-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.98413 | 175 | 2.890625 | 3 |
Almost a decade ago, the State Legislature signed the Hudson River Park Act, a bill that set out to transform Manhattan’s moribund, formerly industrial western edge into a vibrant riverfront parkland; it would not only promote health and boost land values, but would pay for its own upkeep with rents from three isolated, on-site development nodes at Pier 40, Pier 57, and Chelsea Piers.
While the miles of bike paths and green space have filled in just fine, the other half of the bargain has not come so simply, as community resistance to large-scale development has clashed with easy, if obtrusive, solutions. Despite years of searching and numerous companies willing to build, the park lacks a developer for both Pier 40 and Pier 57, an inaction that, if continued, could threaten the self-sustainability model.
The Hudson River Park Trust board, controlled by the governor, mayor and Manhattan borough president, last week opted to neither select nor reject the Related Companies’ bid to put a massive $625 million entertainment complex on Pier 40, further thrusting the pier’s future into limbo. The move came a week after a multimillion-dollar bid to create an Italian-themed marketplace on Pier 57 collapsed after almost three years, leaving the Chelsea Piers sports and entertainment complex, 13 years after its creation, as the one and only selected developer on the three sites.
Issues on the piers tend to drag on. The trust first received development proposals for Pier 40 more than a year ago, and in 2002, the trust first tried to find a developer for the pier, ultimately turning down feasible plans disliked by the community in order to “wait for a more favorable economic climate.”
At best, the inaction suggests growing pains for the self-sustainability concept, where kinks in the public-private model are gradually worked out. At worst, the imbroglio is a sign of worse times to come, where the trust could be forced to either invite a development reviled by the community or substantially cut back on park services.
City and state officials say the latter scenario is unlikely, though they concede that a fair bit of give will likely be needed on the part of local residents, whatever the end result.
“The community has to understand that without this being a successful operation that will draw down a great deal of income for the park as a whole, the community will suffer because there won’t be adequate money to put into the park,” said Adrian Benepe, commissioner of the city’s Department of Parks and Recreation and a trust board member.
The status quo is also not an option: Pier 40 generates more than $5 million annually in parking revenues in its current state, though the clock is ticking on its continued ability to do so. Chunks of the decaying cement roof have already rained down on parked cars, and officials say that areas of the pier could be closed off to parking due to the dire conditions. Tens of millions of dollars in upgrades are needed structurally as well as cosmetically—an infrastructure investment that is expected to come from whatever entity eventually takes the helm at the pier.
FOR NOW, THE precise paths of movement on both Pier 40 and Pier 57 are not clear. The trust intends to issue another request for proposals for Pier 57, according to Diana Taylor, chairwoman of the trust board; perhaps Chelsea Piers will bid to expand its operations there, as it did three years ago before ultimately losing out to the Witkoff Group. Community Board 4, where Pier 57 is located, tends to be more forgiving of large-scale development than are residents of the West Village, but it is unclear what proposals will come along, and there was some community resistance to Chelsea Piers’ bid.
As for Pier 40, elected officials and many in the community had high hopes for a proposal by a neighborhood resident group, called the Pier 40 Partnership, which would bring in a nonprofit owner and mildly alter current uses of the pier. At the trust board meeting last week, Ms. Taylor, the chairwoman, opted to defer on any decision on the Related plan, which formally responded to a request for proposals, instead indicating that the trust would like to see some mixing and matching. | <urn:uuid:82d5323e-ff8f-4703-bdf0-e8e417526147> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://observer.com/2008/02/tears-for-piers-west-side-development-stalls/?show=all | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279224.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00479-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963412 | 873 | 1.789063 | 2 |
The Potentially Dangerous Side Effects of Steroids
You've been going to the gym everyday and working your butt off. You drink protein shakes, eat loads of chicken, and see some muscle gain. Your happy. Then you notice the new guy at gym is getting big real fast. He only started 3 months ago and he's putting on size like there's no tomorrow. What the???
Obviously he's on roids and your starting to wonder whether you should chuck in the towel or jump on the train. It's tempting. Why work so hard when you're only going to see mediocre results compared to the other guy.
Steroids obviously work, but are they worth it? And are they guaranteed?
The Technical Mumbo Jumbo:
Hundreds of distinct steroids have been identified in plant, animals, and fungi. The steroids associated with muscle growth are called anabolic steroids.
Anabolic steroids are a class of natural and synthetic steroid hormones that promote cell growth and division of tissue and bone. They not only effect muscle tissue but various other organs as well. Testosterone is the most potent natural anabolic steroid.
Testosterone is primarily secreted in the testicals of males and the ovaries of females. It is the principal male sex hormone. On average, the adult male body produces about twenty times the amount of testosterone of an adult female's body.
Testosterone naturally increases in males at puberty and causes these effects:
– Increased libido and erection frequency
– Pubic hair extends to thighs and up toward umbilicus
– Facial hair (sideburns, beard, mustache)
– Chest hair, periareolar hair, perianal hair
– Increased tendency for violence or aggressive
– Subcutaneous fat in face decreases
– Increased muscle strength and mass
– Deepening of voice
– Growth of the adam's apple
– Growth of spermatogenic tissue in testes, male fertility
– Growth of jaw, brow, chin, nose, and remodeling of facial bone contours
– Shoulders widen and rib cage expands
The side effects of using anabolic steroids vary depending on the type of drug, dosage, duration of use and individual sensitivity and response.
To be straight with you, there are more stories and myths about steroid effects than you can poke a stick at. But some of the more common and documented effects include severe acne, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, impotence, and mood swings.
So if you think you can handle that, then you're all set… Well, not really.
Besides the shrunken testicals, people who take large doses (like what's needed for muscle gain) can lose control of their emotions and become irritable and really aggressive. Little things can make them hysterically angry. This is what is called “roid rage”.
A case study published in the Australian Medical Journal (165:222-26) reviewed the evidence concerning the effects of anabolic steroids on the mind.
The case centered on a 29-year-old bodybuilder who beat his wife to death using a weapon described as a claw hammer. While he committed this horrific act, his four children were in another part of the house. He then shot himself in the head. Before this incident, his home life had been described as ‘‘happy.’’
This man had used steroids off and on for years, and seven weeks before the murder, he had used a steroid stack consisting of Winstrol-V and sustanon, both injectable steroids. A later urine test showed that he also used Valium, a muscle relaxant and anti-anxiety drug.
This doesn't mean if you take steroids you are going to lose it and become an angry incredible hulk. But it definitely rings warning bells.
More Bad News – The problems don't stop when you stop taking roids either. People who use steroids can develop a dependence on them. That means they will go through withdrawal when they stop using. They can feel sick to their stomach, have headaches, sweat a lot, feel dizzy and be depressed.
Also, They are illegal – (In case you were wondering):
Steroids are legal for use by veterinarians and doctors but it is illegal to sell or buy them on the street. When steroids are sold on the street or in a gym, they are often mixed with other things which only increases your risks.
Steroids are also banned from amateur sports like the Olympics and most professional sports. Several Olympic athletes have lost their medals after they were tested and found to have used steroids to bulk up.
Are they Guaranteed:
Steroids are going to increase your muscle mass – Hands Down.
That doesn't necessarily mean your chest and biceps are going to pop out of your shirt first. There are some cases where users experienced very little gain on their chest and massive gain on their shoulders and traps. Who else wants to become the next hunchback? Not me. | <urn:uuid:2dc80a9d-cf16-4705-9a62-1fa17a5f6873> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://docpatientblog.com/the-potentially-dangerous-side-effects-of-steroids/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572192.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815145459-20220815175459-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.965737 | 1,033 | 1.796875 | 2 |
If you have any kind of background that might prohibit you from eligibility in a job, it may be tempting to lie on your job application, but fight the urge and always be honest - recent SHRM research found that over two-thirds of employers now conduct background checks on prospective employees, which means that if you do lie, you'll almost definitely be caught.
A better approach is to use your background as an opportunity to discuss what you’ve learned from your experience and show your prospective employer what steps you’ve initiated to improve yourself. And while you still have a chance of getting the job if you explain your situation, you eliminate any chance you have if they find out that you lied. Taking a digital interview gives you a great opportunity to explain yourself and show your current and future initiative.
Last of all, don’t exclude yourself from the candidate pool before an employer even has a chance to watch your digital interview or see your resume. According to a hiring discrimination study conducted at Princeton, nearly three-fifths of organizations allow job candidates a chance to explain their background check before a hiring decision is made. Remember: even if you don’t think you’ll get the job, it never hurts to apply. Not applying means you definitely will not get the job.
If you have a background and you are seeking employment, there are many resources to help you get back into the workforce. The number one thing to remember is to always be honest – it is the only option for lasting employment. | <urn:uuid:2469d76c-3319-46ab-838e-559559bb4d6f> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.hirevue.com/blog/build-blog/how-honest-do-you-really-need-to-be-in-an-interview/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720475.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00353-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948431 | 309 | 1.960938 | 2 |
Installing Microsoft Windows fonts on Linux Mint
This is a novice guide to installing commonly used Microsoft Windows fonts like Arial and Calibri.
Note that the installed fonts will only be accessible under the user account that was used for this method, so this method is best-suited for personal systems with one or very few users. For a method that enables system-wide access, follow this tutorial.
You must have access to your Microsoft fonts from Linux Mint. Any true type font (ttf) should work. If you are dual-booting Windows, and Linux Mint detects your Windows partition, you can access the fonts from Menu --> Computer, double-click your Windows partition and browse to /Windows/Fonts.
- Navigate to the folder where your Windows fonts are installed.
- Select all the fonts by click-dragging or selecting each font while holding down the Ctrl button.
Right-click your selection and click "Open With Font Viewer".
- Note: a window will be opened for each font that was included in your selection, so if you selected a lot of fonts your screen may be flooded with windows.
- In each window that opened, click "Install Font".
Now all your fonts are available from applications, as long as you are logged into the same user account that was used during the process.
This method is entirely done via the graphical interface, and does not requiring typing commands.
Tags: font, microsoft, windows
Created: 5 years ago.
Last edited: 5 years ago.
Reviewed: 5 years ago.
Read 0 times.
|5 years ago||
thanks for the tutorial..,
i'll try :)
|5 years ago||
Would you also recommend the Font Manager from the Software Manager
Although designed with the GNOME desktop environment in mind, it should work well with most major desktop environments such as Xfce, Enlightenment, and even KDE.
Font Manager currently allows the user to:
Preview installed fonts
Compare installed fonts
Easily install or remove fonts
Easily activate and de-activate installed fonts
Specify different directories to search for fonts
Group fonts into "Collections", and easily activate or de-activate groups of fonts
Export "Collections" to an archive for easy backup, sharing, etc.
Provides quick access to all GNOME font utilities.
Other tutorials from waterchan
No other tutorials. | <urn:uuid:f8931c28-7ce5-42b2-8b10-231e129e1336> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://community.linuxmint.com/tutorial/view/673 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00436-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.856718 | 499 | 1.75 | 2 |
This week, Wall Street superpower Goldman Sachs announced second quarter net profits of $3.44 billion, far exceeding expectations. Earnings per share also rose, to $4.93 from $4.58 a year ago. This is a promising sign that the battered financial industry is on the mend, but it should be noted that Goldman didn’t do it alone. In fact, at least some of these profits were made possible by guarantees, low-cost loans and other assistance from the federal government.
Goldman did pay off its $10 billion in TARP loans last month, along with a one-time preferred dividend of about $426 million. The firm was able to do this by raising $8.9 billion in equity, debt and asset sales.
But the financial giant continues to benefit from several government programs aimed at loosening up credit markets.
First, $13 billion of the government’s bailout of AIG went straight to Goldman, a 100% payoff of bets the firm had placed with the insurer. While industry insiders say that this was done to ensure that legally-binding contracts were upheld, others, including former New York AG Eliot Spitzer, argue that this was simply “a way to hide an enormous second round of cash to the same group that had received TARP money already.” This $13 billion was delivered despite Goldman’s continued insistence that it did not need government funding.
Goldman also benefited from artificially inexpensive debt thanks to the FDIC’s Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program (TLGP). This program put a federal guarantee behind bonds issued by Goldman and other banks, including Bank of America and JP Morgan Chase, making them far more attractive to investors. For example, when Goldman sold $5 billion of 3.5 year bonds in November, it was able to attract buyers while offering a yield only 200 basis points higher than ultra-safe Treasuries with similar maturities. Altogether, Goldman issued $28 billion in debt using this program between November and April.
Mark Zandi, chief economist at Moody’s Economy.com, called this bond-guarantee program an infinite subsidy whose value could not be calculated.
Finally, it should be noted that Goldman Sachs and other major financial players are benefiting from a Federal Reserve program that allows them to borrow funds overnight for close to zero percent. Designed to catalyze economic activity and keep interest rates low for businesses and consumers, the program has also boosted bank profits by widening the spread between the cost of their incoming and outgoing capital.
Altogether, this government support essentially enabled Goldman to return to its traditional model of business: accepting risk in order to magnify profits. Specifically, Goldman boosted its “value-at-risk” — the estimated value of its trading activities on a given day under a worst-case scenario — to $245 million this past quarter from $182 million in the same quarter last year.
Shrewd business decisions by Goldman traders (along with a reduced field of competitors) were undoubtedly responsible for a good share of the profits being crowed about by the firm this week. Notably, the firm cashed in on profit margins for commodity and foreign exchange trading that, according to the Financial Times, now stand “between two and eight times higher than before the height of the financial crisis.”
Indeed, the profits announced this week by Goldman Sachs are an encouraging sign that the financial markets are starting to return to normal. But they are by no means evidence of a full-fledged economic recovery. In fact, without the support of the aforementioned government programs, Goldman’s profits would have been incalculably lower. | <urn:uuid:0a238785-6eb2-4c30-8412-f0135121f822> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.epi.org/publication/behind_goldman_sachs_second_quarter_profit/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00292-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970162 | 749 | 1.679688 | 2 |
3 Tips to Ace the College Search Process
As an Admissions professional, I have seen firsthand the many ways students and families begin their college search process. Some start early. Some start late. Some students even start the process through osmosis by being dragged along throughout their older siblings’ search. Regardless of where you fall in this mix, remember there is no wrong way to go about it.
With that said, I also know that the college search process can carry with it some feelings of anxiety for students. The pressure of needing to make the ideal choice among a sea of options can feel daunting. Add on top of that your current reality of selecting a college during a global pandemic, and it may seem like an impossible task.
Trust me when I say it’s normal to feel this way. And while COVID-19 certainly presents some challenges, nothing is impossible. Why? Because I trust that Admissions teams like ours are eagerly exploring new, creative and innovative ways to connect with prospective students to ensure they don’t feel left in the dark and that the burden of the college search process isn’t the student’s alone to bear. We’re in this together and we’re here to help you every step of the way.
It’s with this in mind that I offer you some advice as you begin the early stages of finding that right college for you:
Firstly, know yourself!
The only way to find the right college for you, is to look inward. What do you want to get out of your college experience? What kind of academic programs are best for you? Where do you feel you will be able to thrive academically, socially, and ultimately, professionally? All of these questions are great starting points to help you begin to narrow down colleges to add to your list.
Next, be organized!
Once you have a list of colleges that are good fits for you, create a document that allows you to have each college’s information readily available. This document should include: academic programs of interest, career development and internship opportunities, location, extracurriculars, cost breakdowns, application deadlines, and other specifics that you feel are your driving factors for choosing a college.
Finally, meet with representatives!
Be sure to attend any virtual visit opportunities that schools offer, whether that be an online information session, or a 1-on-1 video interview with the representative for your school. Making those connections with college admissions officers is a great way to demonstrate your interest and gives you the opportunity to ask them the important questions you need to know about the college.
Of course, as campuses start to re-open to visitors I also encourage you to visit in-person when it is deemed safe to do so as well. After all, one of the best way to picture yourself at a particular college is to actually be on that college’s campus. Until then though, lean on colleges various digital platforms to learn more about life on campus, especially those channels that showcase the perspectives of current students themselves. These authentic viewpoints will go a long way in helping you learn more about your college of interest. | <urn:uuid:efa0ad53-cc33-4ed5-ab0f-ea91b4484398> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://insights.emmanuel.edu/topics/college-search/3-tips-to-ace-the-college-search-process | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.952486 | 649 | 1.742188 | 2 |
A remarkable example of customized homebuilding, TNAH reflects a year-long collaborative partnership between Owens Corning and Las Vegas-based custom homebuilder Element Design Build.
Tag: Moisture Control
Whether it’s location, orientation, climate zone, design, size or occupant, every home requires a different formula.
Game changing. Cutting-Edge. Stunning. Three words you’ll hear frequently when describing The 2016 New American Home®.
Perfectly planned and installed dry concrete basements are tricky. Get it wrong, and that below-grade space could cost thousands in repair and maintenance down the road. In worst case scenarios, it could even end up making a home "unsellable". Find out how to do the job right the first time, or look at remediation if you need to.
Visitors experiencing the 2016 edition of The New American Home® in Las Vegas won’t just see and hear how Owens Corning is helping builders turn building science into building genius™ –they will be able to feel it!
From a building science perspective, three things define a home's comfort level: moisture, temperature and noise. Taking care of these three issues in a home, new or old, will go a long way toward making it the livable, comfortable place that it should be.
No builder can guarantee complete moisture protection in the basement, but there are ways to approach moisture control to deliver long-term results. | <urn:uuid:cebc0f2f-66bb-48e2-80c0-da74e6c8fb50> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hi-bex.com/tag/moisture-control/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00679.warc.gz | en | 0.879376 | 298 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Housing for sheep
Housing needs for sheep vary by climate, season(s) of lambing, and management preferences of the shepherd. If lambing will occur during periods
of inclement weather, more elaborate housing is usually required.
If lambing will occur on pasture during periods of mild weather,
simple shelters may be all that is needed.
Lambing percentages are usually higher when shed lambing is practiced.
Housed sheep have lower nutritional requirements, whereas sheep kept
outside have fewer respiratory problems.
In addition, most operations need facilities where they can store feed, bedding,
and equipment. Hay stored in a barn or shed will maintain its
quality better than hay that is stored outside, even if the
hay is covered. Equipment will last longer if it is housed under
Barns (and similar structures) are often built for the comfort and convenience of the shepherd. During cold or inclement weather, it is easier and more enjoyable to care for sheep that are housed. However, housing costs can add significantly to the investment costs of a sheep enterprise.
There are many different types of housing that can be used for
sheep. Traditional barns, pole buildings, and metal buildings
are usually the most expensive, but they provide the best protection
for the shepherd, sheep, feed, and equipment.
A lower-cost alternative to traditional housing is a greenhouse-type
structure called a "hoop house." A hoop house has an
arched metal frame that is covered with a heavy fabric. Fabrics
last for approximately 15 years.
Sheep facilities do not need to be built new. Old dairy, swine,
and poultry barns can be converted to housing for sheep. Many facilities
can be remodeled to accommodate sheep raising. Many universities and provincial governments have building plans for sheep facilities.
Facilities should be located on elevated, well-drained sites.
When designing a three-sided shelter, the open side should face
south away from the prevailing wind. The barn should be easily
accessible for deliveries and manure handling. The site should
allow for installation of water and electricity.
When confined to a building, a bred ewe requires 12 to 16 square
feet of living space. Lambing pens should be 16 to 25 square feet in
size. In group housing, a ewe with her lambs needs 16 to 20
square feet. Feeder lambs need 8 to 10 square feet.
Less space is required if sheep are raised on slatted floors
or if they have access to an exercise area or pasture. Shearing
before housing will allow stocking rates in the barn to be increased
by up to 20%.
Recommended housing space (square feet) for sheep and lambs
|Ewe with lambs
|Source: Midwest Plan Service, Sheep Housing and
Equipment Handbook, 1982
Barns should not be heated or closed up. Good ventilation is an
absolute must. Respiratory problems (e.g. pneumonia and bronchitis)
often result from poor ventilation. If ammonia can be smelled
in the barn, ventilation is likely inadequate.
be accomplished by either natural or mechanical means, but usually
naturally-ventilated cold housing is preferable for sheep. It
is better to over-ventilate than under-ventilate. The only requirement
is that sheep have a dry, draft-free area for lambing.
Bedding provides warmth, insulation, and comfort to housed animals.
Various materials can be used for bedding for sheep, depending
upon their cost and availability: straw, hay, dried corn stalks,
corn cobs, peanut hulls, cottonseed hulls, oat hulls, sawdust,
wood shavings, wood chips, pine shavings, sand, paper products,
peat, hemp, and leaves. Each type of bedding has advantages
Straw is the traditional bedding for livestock. It comes from
the stems of small grains: oats, wheat, rye or barley. Since
straw has many uses other than livestock bedding sometimes it
costs more than alfalfa hay. As a result, hay is often a cheaper
alternative than straw.
Sawdust is not good bedding for wooled
sheep because it gets in their fleeces, but works fine for hair
sheep. Wood chips or peanut shells are less absorbent than other
materials, but can be used as bedding.
Shredded paper (or newsprint) is more absorbent than straw,
but is more difficult to handle and may look offensive when
spread on fields. Sand has been used by dairy farms to reduce
mastitis and improve cow comfort. No matter what material is
used for bedding, it needs to be clean and dry.
Livestock bedding alternatives
Not having to clean the barn and spread manure on the fields is another major benefit to keeping
Shelter and Shade
There is disagreement as to whether sheep require shelter while
they are on summer pasture. Sheep will usually choose shelter
if it is available to them. Protection from heat is probably more
important than protection from rain, though hair sheep are more
likely to seek shelter from rain than wooled sheep and less likely
to seek shade during the heat of the day.
In many cases, trees or a windbreak is all the shelter that sheep
need. In open fields without sufficient tree coverage, simple
run-in sheds or shade structures can be constructed or purchased.
Port-a-huts, calf hutches, polydomes, and carports are useful
for small flocks.
Sheep can adapt to a complete confinement system of production.
a producer to raise sheep or increase flock
size in situations where land is a limiting factor due to availability
or cost. Confinement can vary from open, dry (dirt) lots to buildings
with expanded metal floors and automated manure handling systems. Confinement
requires intensive, year-round management. Because it tends to
have a higher cost of production, higher levels of performance
are usually required.
There are numerous advantages to raising sheep and/or lambs in
total confinement. Predator problems can be eliminated by keeping
sheep in confinement. Internal parasite problems can be practically
eliminated, as infective worm larvae is consumed primarily by grazing animals.
It is usually easier to control foot rot and foot scald in
confinement. Confinement lends itself well to automated feeding
systems. It is common to fatten (feed) lambs in confinement. Less
space is needed if expanded metal or mesh flooring is used. The use of rubber mats will improve comfort and insulation.
In fragile environments, confinement can prevent overgrazing or
other environmental impacts caused by poor grazing management. Zero grazing is common in many third world environments.
Security is superior when animals are kept in small areas that can be more easily monitored.
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In 1997, President Clinton launched One America, an ambitious initiative to begin dialogues toward bridging the racial divide. Several town hall meetings on racial issues convened across the nation. The initiative also produced the "One America Dialogue Guide," outlining how citizens can hold forums on race in their homes or communities. According to the guide, such dialogues should explore who we are, where we are, where we want to go and what we - groups and individuals - can do to effect change.
The same year that Clinton launched his One America initiative, New York Times reporter Lena Williams wrote an article entitled "The Little Things." The article provoked a strong reaction from readers and later won the New York Association of Black Journalists award for feature writing. Now, Williams has expanded the article into a book, "It's the Little Things: The Everyday Interactions that Get Under the Skin of Blacks and Whites."
In Houston, Chicago, Birmingham, Ala., Washington, D.C., and Betterton, Md., she facilitated focus groups of blacks, whites, and members of other ethnic groups. The participants discussed what divides us as a nation - the small behaviors and shades of difference that create big walls between blacks and whites at home, school, and work. The participants held little back. And in true journalistic fashion, Williams captured countless slights, stereotypes, and idiosyncrasies.
Some are familiar; other offenses will be news to many readers. Among the little things that black focus-group participants cited were white women who shake their long hair near other people; white sales clerks who serve black patrons last or suspect them of being shoplifters; taxi drivers who won't pick up black fares; white co-workers who fail to acknowledge black colleagues outside the workplace; whites who think all blacks are on welfare and live in squalor; workplaces that offer few mentors for blacks; strangers who presume to call them by the first name or an abbreviated name; and whites who can't get over the O.J. Simpson verdict.
The black focus-group participants also bemoaned larger issues, such as white flight, racial profiling, the fate of affirmative action, and negative media images of blacks.
Williams explores myths on both sides of the racial divide. Her focus-group participants disputed several misconceptions: White men can't jump. Black men have more machismo. Whites lack rhythm. Blacks are inarticulate. Black hair feels rough. White hair stinks. Blacks who use hair relaxers want to be white. Suntanned whites want to be black. Such myths persist, says Williams, because although blacks and whites work together, they rarely mix outside the workplace and seldom enter each others' homes.
The author aptly analyzes the historical contexts - slavery, Jim Crow laws, the Tuskeegee syphilis study - that shaped racial perceptions.
Understandably, African-American perspectives dominate the book. That's probably intentional. Williams, an African-American, explains, "Blacks have been forced to be observant of white society - their ways and habits - and see life, including our own, through the whites' racial prism."
To her credit, Williams also engages Latinos and Asian-Americans in the discussion. Further, she examines the complex social and identity issues confronting bi-racial children, and black children who grow up in majority white environments.
Williams also shares personal experiences. She admits her reluctance to date white men. Blacks who date outside their race risk being ostracized, she says. She differentiates between white parties, essentially early evening talk-fests, and black parties, which include late-night dancing. Williams also defends her decision not to live in Harlem. Her Upper West Side apartment is walking distance from her office.
Sassy and informative, "It's the Little Things" lets blacks and whites walk a mile in each others' shoes. The book's revelations won't erase the color line but might help sensitize blacks and whites about how their actions are viewed by others.
Carole Boston Weatherford is the author of 'The African-American Struggle for Legal Equality in American History' (Enslow).
(c) Copyright 2000. The Christian Science Publishing Society | <urn:uuid:3f7bad80-d043-45c6-bb10-7f3569ce9046> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.csmonitor.com/2000/1012/p21s2.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00019-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.941265 | 852 | 2.75 | 3 |
|Image Courtesy: odishanewsinsight.com|
Padma Shri Haldar Nag is a STD 3 dropout but does show it off as a fancy, young-entrepreneurial tag. For him, dropping out was the only option similar to what thousands of poverty-stricken children face in rural India. Although he did not receive a formal education, he did not let that stand between him and his dreams.
Today, he is a renowned poet who has been the PhD research material of at least five academicians. At the age of 66, the famous poet from western Odisha received Padma Shri this year by the President of India.
He writes in Kosli language and has extraordinary talent. One may have an idea of his capacity by the fact that he can recollect every one of his poems he has penned including 20 epics. As a gesture of gratitude, Sambalpur University is currently making a compilation of all his compositions into Haldhar Granthabali-2, which will become a part of the university syllabus.
His achievement cannot be scaled through his creation alone. He brought back the enthusiasm of youngsters towards Kosli poetry. Currently, he attends over three to four programs everyday where he recites his poems to the gathering. So sharp is his memory and so grans is his love for words that he fondly remembers everything that he has ever written. Isn’t that truly astonishing?
A talented and generous human being, Haldar is always humble and practices simplicity which also reflects in the way he dresses. He is almost always seen in a vest, dhoti and no footwear whatsoever.
He comes from a lower income group family in Bargarh, Odisha. He was forced to drop out of school after STD 3 when his father passed away in 1950. He was only 10-year-old then and life was tough. He had to make ends meet by washing dishes in a local sweet shop for two years. Then for the next 16 years, he worked as a cook in a nearby high school. He got this job at recommendation of the village head. Later, when more schools came up in the region, he managed to open a stationery-cum-eatery for the school goers by borrowing Rs 1,000 – his initial capital.
His first poem ‘Dhodo Bargachh’ (The Old Banyan Tree) was composed during this time in 1990. It got published in a local magazine. Subsequently, he wrote four more poems that were accepted by the same magazine. This gave him enough encouragement to write more.
Soon after, he started visiting nearby villages to recite his own poems. He received motivating response from the villagers and since then he never looked back. He devoted his life to poetry. In Odisha he is known as the Lok Kabi Ratna. All his poems are based on subjects from the rural surroundings, including nature and society. His poems also revolve around religion, mythology, social challenges and reforms. According to him, poetry must have genuine association and a message for the general population.
It is heartening to see people like Haldar are getting their due recognition now. They are deeply attached to their roots, reflect simplicity and are the most beautiful wordsmiths.
This article was first published in KenFolios - Only interesting stories. | <urn:uuid:c86f47a6-fc43-48f4-b319-44c6afa90f84> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.natureram.com/2016/04/this-padma-shri-recipient-left-school.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283008.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00087-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.989276 | 693 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Christian groups are upset over a question in an online quiz for an Ohio State University psychology class.
The question indicates having a higher IQ would make a person more likely to be an atheist.
OSU Psychology Department chair Richard Petty says the online quiz refers to a study discussed in the textbook which shows certain groups tend to score higher on IQ tests. The textbook suggests the implication is not that religious or political beliefs correlate to intelligence but rather to one's ability to score well on tests. Petty says Worth Publishers is removing the question from its website.
Petty says the question will be a factor in whether the school uses the textbook in the future. | <urn:uuid:b54fe4b0-9e9d-4923-83f4-529dc0d0caef> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://wcbe.org/post/osu-psych-quiz-question-upsets-christians | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00500-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950104 | 130 | 1.804688 | 2 |
When did they change the hour in California?
California voters passed Proposition 12 in 1949, approving DST in the state. California voters passed Proposition 7 on November 6, 2018 by a 60% vote. It gives the legislative power to: a) change DST measure by a two-thirds vote, thus repealing the 1949 Prop.
Why did they change the date of Daylight Savings Time?
The nominal reason for daylight saving time has long been to save energy. The time change was first instituted in the U.S. during World War I, and then reinstituted again during WW II, as a part of the war effort.
When did they change the date for daylight savings?
The Federal law was amended in 1986 to begin Daylight Saving Time on the first Sunday in April. Under legislation enacted in 1986, Daylight Saving Time in the U.S. began at 2:00 a.m. on the first Sunday of April and ended at 2:00 a.m. on the last Sunday of October.
What dates are the clocks changed each year?
Today, most Americans spring forward (turn clocks ahead and lose an hour) on the second Sunday in March (at 2:00 A.M.) and fall back (turn clocks back and gain an hour) on the first Sunday in November (at 2:00 A.M.).
Did California pass the daylight savings bill?
The measure passed, by a vote of about 60% Yes to 40% No. The proposition permits the California State Legislature to change the times and dates of daylight saving time period by a two-thirds vote, all while in compliance with federal law.
What would happen if we get rid of daylight Savings time?
Reduced risk of heart issues While the research hasn’t indicated why this may be, those who experienced an increased risk were mostly people who were already predisposed to experiencing heart issues. Still, if ending the time change could lower the risk, it’s possible that more lives could be saved.
Are we getting rid of Daylight Savings time?
On Sunday 4 April 2021, Daylight Savings will come to an end for Australians in New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Tasmania and the ACT. Western Australia, Queensland and the Northern Territory do not observe Daylight Savings in Australia.
Does California have daylight savings time in 2020?
Despite ongoing efforts in the U.S. Senate to enact permanent daylight saving time and several false starts in California to do the same, our clocks will still spring forward by an hour Sunday, as the adage goes.
Which states are getting rid of daylight Savings time?
Hawaii and Arizona are the only two states in the U.S. that do not observe daylight savings time. However, several overseas territories do not observe daylight savings time. Those territories include American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands.
When does California’s time change go into effect?
It has yet to get its first hearing, but importantly, it specifies that California’s final time change will come after the effective date set by Congress. WHAT ARE THE ODDS OF PASSING A FEDERAL LAW FOR CALIFORNIA?
What was the error code for daylight savings time in California?
(Error Code: 102630) SACRAMENTO, Calif. — If Californians got everything they ever voted for, Northern and Southern California would’ve become separate states more than a century ago, there’d be a bullet train connecting the two, and you wouldn’t have to adjust your watch twice a year to catch it. But that’s fantasy land.
How to count days for California State Courts?
You may use it to calculate court days (Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays are excluded) for California state courts. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.
Can a state opt out of daylight savings time?
Federal law does not allow a year-round DST, but states can opt of DST and remain on standard time all year. | <urn:uuid:275e8c72-195c-4d03-a831-4866e0b334a5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wildpartyofficial.com/when-did-they-change-the-hour-in-california/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572021.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814083156-20220814113156-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.935732 | 850 | 3.265625 | 3 |
posted on Oct, 7 2009 @ 12:06 AM
Something else to think about might be "seeing it from the UFO's point of view".
Say on one of the I'm sure several galaxy/space scans/explorations we do, we run across a planet with a civilization similar somewhat to ours.
What do we do?
Do we make contact immediately or do we scan the planet and try to get a feel of what types of peoples they are beforehand? Do you think we would make
contact if we seen they were a violent people with wars etc similar to us?
What would we do if either by accident or their intervention we lost a craft unmanned/manned?
I wonder if we would disclose that we found something like that.
I think thats an interesting perspective. | <urn:uuid:12ead05f-a644-4e86-a648-97eecdd735b8> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.abovetopsecret.com/forum/thread507689/pg2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719041.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00169-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970218 | 163 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Of the many challenges that parenting presents, money spent over the course of the childrearing years is often at the top of the list. From the dollars for diapers and wipes that seem to pile up during the early years to educational expenses, leisure time activities and other costs that relate to an older child, the U.S. Department of Agriculture -- in its 2011 report titled, "Expenditures on Children by Families" -- notes that parents will spend an estimated $169,080 to $389,670 from birth through age 17.
Not all parents will spend the same amount on their children over the course of a lifetime. Whether you are looking at the annual costs, estimated money that a parent will spend on a child until age 17 or breaking it down into categories of expenses, lower income families will spend less. For example, the USDA notes that the yearly childrearing cost for parents who make below $59,410 is between $8,760 and $9,970. Families who earn between $59,410 and $102,870 spend between $12,420 and $14,320, and those in the highest income bracket spend anywhere from $20,420 to $24,510.
According to the USDA's 2011 report on how families spend money on child-related expenses, the number one cost is housing. Parents from all income levels report that housing is the top expenditure when it comes to total yearly child-related expenses. Parents in the lowest and highest income groups say that 32 percent of their child-related expenses fall into the housing category, while the figures are almost equal -- at 30 percent -- for middle income parents. Housing, as the USDA defines it, includes the money spent on actual shelter such as mortgage or rent, along with property taxes, repairs, general maintenance, utility bills and furnishings.
Your child's education is a primary factor in his growth and development. If your child goes to public school, the primary part of his grade school through high school education is free. That said, preschool, private school and child care-related expenses can take up a good chunk of your income. The USDA notes that child care and education costs come in second to housing in terms of overall expenditures, making up 18 percent of all child-related expenses from birth through age 17.
When looking at how parents spend money on their children, the USDA notes that there are certain trends or fluctuations in expenses over the course of the child's life. Instead of spending equal amounts on a yearly basis, specific situations may necessitate spending either more or less money. For example, expenditures on children tend to go up as the child ages. Additionally, geographic factors also influence how much a parent will spend. According to the USDA's 2011 figures, parents in the urban Northeast spend the highest amounts on their children in comparison to families in the rest of the country.
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|This article is a stub. You can help the GeGeGe no Kitarō Wiki by expanding it.|
Mizuchi (蛟 or みずち, means Water Spirit/God or Water Serpent) is a water dragon and is both the guardian and the creator of the Mount Penglai.
As an Asian dragon, Mizuchi has a Gekirin (逆鱗, lit. Reverse Scale) or Sakasa-Uroko (逆さ鱗, lit. Reverse Scale) on its forehead, and is extremely sensitive to anyone who tries to touch or steal it, making it out of control until the scale will be recovered.
However, Mizuchi is calm by nature and keeps manifesting the Mount Penglai as long as its Gekirin is safe.
When Nezumi-Otoko saw the Gekirin of Mizuchi, he thought it is a valuable treasure and took off from the ground. However, where Nezumi-Otoko was standing was actually the head of the dragon; Mizuchi awoke and enraged to the intruder and the Mount Penglai disappeared. On a small island nearby, Xú Fú explained the secret of the island and the connection to the dragon, and Kitarō on Ittan-Momen went to recover the scale and calm Mizuchi. With Kani-Bōzu's aid, Kitarō finally managed to persuade Nezumi-Otoko and recover the scale on Mizuchi, bringing back a peace.
Powers and Abilities
Manifesting Mount Penglai:
- Shigeru Mizuki noted Mizuchi can cast rains and winds, and is the inspiration source of Kōryū. Shigeru Mizuki also painted the similar-nature Shusse-Bora (出世螺) which is an aged Triton's trumpet turning into a dragon. | <urn:uuid:b99be0ed-b8a7-4673-95ec-e1c589d79214> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gegegenokitaro.fandom.com/wiki/Mizuchi | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.928629 | 415 | 2.15625 | 2 |
“Free Syria” by Wafa Ali Mustafa.
When Mahmoud Ismail and his family left Damascus circa 2012, they didn’t know when or where exactly the journey might end. First to Lebanon, then through Turkey, they arrived in Greece some four years later.
Then 12, Mahmoud holds up his best-selling image.
Around this same time, a flight attendant based in Frankfurt named Kayra Martinez was becoming aware of the Mediterranean refugee crisis. Originally from Colorado, she had travelled and lived in various countries outside of the U.S. for years. After watching German TV from her Frankfurt flat, observing the often-horrendous conditions in which refugees and asylum seekers found themselves, she made a point to get educated on the crisis. Once realizing that there were literally hundreds of thousands of people in her own backyard, Kayra decided to see for herself.
A trip to the nearby train station brought her face to face with throngs of desperate people. Though primarily from Afghanistan and Syria, looking into the eyes of the older women amongst the crowd, Kayra later said that she felt that any one of them could have been her mother. Any one of those young men could have been her brother. Watching them crowd into makeshift camps around the station and along the roadside, compelled her to offer what she could.
When Kayra wasn’t flying for work, she began collecting food and clothing donations from her Frankfurt community, and opened her flat to refugee mothers, giving them an opportunity to bathe their babies. Still, she felt a heartrending pull to do more.
“The truth about Syria? It is an uprising, it is a revolution–it is not a civil war. The people in Deraa and Damascus started this not because they were pushed or manipulated or mobilized by foreign powers or paid by the enemies of the state. We were under severe suppression and oppression for years and our revolution was brewing. When it happened in Tunisia and Egypt, it triggered the situation in Syria and speeded up the processes…Today, Syria is a mix of Somalia, Zimbabwe and Rwanda. This is going to last like this for years and I see no light at the end of the tunnel.”
Kayra began to volunteer in the Nea Kavala refugee camp in northern Greece, where she witnessed a seemingly endless sea of traumatized children. On a whim, she brought paper and crayons into the camp, improvised an “art studio,” and ushered children in. She noted how the children were almost immediately calmed, transfixed by the fleeting chance to return to the innocence of childhood. She was astounded by their creations—resplendent outpourings of emotion, harrowing scenes, and unfamiliar vistas.
Since that first day of coloring in the camp, thousands more children clamored to do the same. Kayra quickly devised a way to bring artists’ materials—canvases, brushes, acrylics purchased locally in Greek shops—to the refugees, facilitating artmaking workshops, or simply providing the space and implements.
Enter Mahmoud Ismail. He and his family had been transported to the Nea Kavala refugee camp in northern Greece where they met Kayra.
One of Mahmoud’s first works of art, painted in 2016 in Nea Kavala, features a lone red raft on an indigo sea set against a Van Gogh-esque starry night sky. Reproduced as a post card, Mahmoud’s depiction of the dark Aegean crossing was sold to raise funds for families in the camp.
During a March 2021 WhatsApp video call with Mahmoud, now living in Germany, he said he really doesn’t know why the war started in Syria 10 years ago; he only knows that he and his family needed to get to Greece. “We came in a small boat in the middle of the night. I drew this picture to show that we were alone in the sea.” The proceeds from his painting of that event, the small raft’s dark-of-night arrival on Greek shores, was ultimately responsible for housing 28 refugee families in Athens.
Fast-forward to the nonprofit that Kayra Martinez formalized in 2017, Love Without Borders for Refugees in Need. The result of those workshops and freeform painting sessions has, thus far, been 110 worldwide art exhibitions in which she sells the refugees’ works of art and returns 100% of the sales to the artists. The funds have provided support to refugees living in camps and elsewhere in Greece, have secured apartments in Athens for some of the families exiting the Nea Kavala camp, and helped to resettle families in several countries in northern Europe.
When Kayra met Mahmoud in the camp in 2016, his natural gift as an artist quickly came to light. A 12-year-old, he was also articulate in English, possessing an effervescent personality and affable “can do” spirit. For the next year and a half, Mahmoud—with his mother’s permission—became Kayra’s right hand, translating Arabic to English, and often aiding in important decision-making when governmental and nongovernmental organizations floundered.
Even at such a tender age, Mahmoud stood out as a leader, and during that first year, was instrumental in identifying 38 of the most vulnerable families in the camp, assisting Kayra with endless paperwork necessary for family transfers out of the camp. During this period, Greece suffered immeasurable wildfire damage, creating a crisis for animals as well as people. In response, Love Without Borders extended its care to that of homeless animals for which Mahmoud eagerly took part in organizing. Says Mahmoud, thinking back on those days with Kayra, “I tried to help her as much as I could, for as many as possible.”
Mahmoud Ismail at 17 in Germany.
While Mahmoud did for others alongside Kayra in the camp, he continued to draw and paint with the other children. He mused, “Art is [an outlet] to draw and paint my feelings and to [imagine] without thoughts of problems. I think if somebody has a lot of problems in life, he could bring that to the canvas and [give it] color. Kayra taught me to keep things simple.”
For Mahmoud, making art was a way to simplify, to process trauma, envision another life, and make a bit of money. As resilient as he’s proven to be, and wiser before his time, the hours spent coloring and painting were rare moments to reclaim being a child.
Adept at languages, Mahmoud now adds German to his rerpetoire. He reports that “it was good to come to Germany. I am starting a good life here with education and everything else. I don’t draw now, but I play football and do sports.” He attends a German vocational school, virtually until pandemic’s remission, and says that his plans afterwards include “joining a business for selling cars.”
When asked if he thinks of Syria, or if he’s in contact with anyone there, he responds, “Yes, I have contact with Syria, and I think about the people there, but there’s no going back.”
Ten years on, Mahmoud still doesn’t know why there’s war in his homeland, adding, “I was small in Syria; and now I am 17 years old, and live in Germany.” | <urn:uuid:c4b9383a-aec8-4285-aa38-13c34e2e58ad> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://themarkaz.org/the-truth-about-syria-mahmouds-story/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.976893 | 1,560 | 2.234375 | 2 |
In September 2001, the NASA constitution was adopted, giving birth to a more structured community of practice with clearly laid out objectives and purposes. The constitution defines the ethics of the association, right of members, financial practices and the functions and powers of each role within the executive committee. The NASA bank account and letterhead papers was set up.
Up to 2009, the tenure of the executive committee is one term. From 2010 the electoral committee decided to move the tenure of the executive committee to a two-year term for better continuity and stability. The following members of the community led the executive committee historically: Dr Chris Obi (2008), Dr Mofe Ogusi (2009), Mr Toyin Adejoro (2010-2011), Dr Sumbo Ndi (2012-2015), Mr Wole Odusanya (2016-2017), Mr Mike Amanze (2018-2019) and
In 2010, NASA designed its official logo and seal, its first website – www.nigerianinsa.org. The association was incorporated formally and the new name Nigerian Association in South Australia NASA) was registered. The association’s ABN registration completed, and the website was redesigned and re-registered in 2013 as www.nigerianassociationsa.org.au
According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) census, an estimated 80 Nigerians lived in SA in 2001. These estimated statistics rose to 150 in 2006, then to 600 in 2016. An increase with migrants arriving from Nigeria into Adelaide has seen a significant growth of the Nigerian community.
To date, there are nearly a thousand residents of SA whose country of birth is Nigeria (extrapolating from the average increase every four years). The majority of these people live in Adelaide.
NASA is a member of the Multicultural Communities Council of South Australia (MCCSA) | <urn:uuid:fb8ccb24-143a-40f9-89d2-174d6d830cb4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nigerianassociationsa.org.au/our-history/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.943658 | 377 | 1.84375 | 2 |
What does it mean for a small business when you suspend an employee without pay?
In theory, it sounds pretty simple. An employee violates policy and the employee is disciplined. Not too complicated, right?
Not so fast.
An unpaid suspension can be viewed as a temporary removal of the employee. The key factor is determining whether the employee is exempt or non-exempt.
Exempt employees are paid on a salaried basis, regardless of hours worked. Non-exempt employees typically are paid by the hour and can be entitled to overtime pay.
There are several other distinctions between exempt employees and non-exempt employees but we'll turn our discussion to unpaid suspensions.
When an employee is exempt, unpaid suspensions are generally trickier than they can be for non-exempt employees. Generally, an employer is within his rights to suspend an employee without pay, depending on the reason for the suspension. But employers may not make improper deductions from the salary of an exempt employee.
For exempt employees, an unpaid suspension must be imposed in good faith for serious workplace violations. The FLSA lists these as drug or alcohol use, prohibited sexual harassment or other violations of federal or state rules. A suspension for quality or quantity of work is improper and may pose problems for the employer.
Employers may suspend exempt employees in full day increments only. Prior to suspending an exempt employee, however, the employer must have a written policy in place, allowing the disciplinary suspension. | <urn:uuid:137f56c2-5a18-4de2-bce0-2c9598328202> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://blogs.findlaw.com/free_enterprise/2012/04/suspension-without-pay-may-get-you-in-trouble.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280221.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00236-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946727 | 294 | 1.835938 | 2 |
The Fairy Play Sabratha – a living illustration of the Olympic Spirit & Values
The project “The Fairy Play Sabratha” is proudly introduced by the Libyan Olympic Committee with the aim to foster the educational and cultural aspects of sport related to human values and development. The visual results of the project (photography & film) open up a wide range of promotion possibilities on a global level, including innovative educational strategies.
Project Title: “The Fairy Play Sabratha – a living illustration of the Olympic Spirit & Values”
The purpose of the project is to use visual art (photography and film) as a voice for reflecting Spirit and Values of Sport Culture. Keeping it in mind that those values represent the basis for freedom and the development of human beings in all societies, the project is based on a sustainable and innovative educational approach.
Thanks to the international acknowledgment and success achieved by “the children’s play” (www.thechildrensplay.com) & “the human rights project” (www.thehumanrightsplay.com) the idea of this project came to life, this time focusing on Storytelling the Olympic Spirit & Values. The project is a visual interpretation of the power of sport in line with the IOC mandate of Olympic Education and Culture.
The project was realised in cooperation with the Libyan Olympic Academy, over 50 athletes and about 200 children from two national schools and local scout movements in Sabratha, Libya in June/July 2012.
The result is a highly complex staged photographic work in a large-scale format: a visual message about Respect, Excellence, Friendship, Courage, Determination, Inspiration and Equality within sporting culture (about 25 Olympic disciplines can be discovered on the picture…)
03. Actuality and History
Values of fair play, free spirit and respect are visualised in this colourful staging and the short movie. Universal ethical values were at the heart of the Arab Spring that recently shook the political powers in the region and the young people of Libya, including athletes, stood solid and strong for these values, seeking freedom, unity and justice. The endorsement of this project in Libya witnesses this free spirit for all. The Olympic Truce and Peace through sport are among the values echoed and announced within this project.
The project aims to support the building of a peaceful Libya by educating youths about the Olympic Spirit without discrimination: a new life full of prosperity that requires mutual understanding with a spirit of friendship, solidarity and fair play.
Cultural heritage is promoted by setting the project amid the impressive scenes of the historic theatre of Sabratha, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most spectacular and unspoiled Roman ruins in the Mediterranean with its ancient sporting facilities that still stand intact: swimming pools, running tracks and arenas. They encompass this strong link between old and new. These archaeological sites have the chance to “live” again in the same spirit of their original purpose: as a ground for the local games of our ancestors.
The Fairy Play Sabratha was purposefully staged in the historic theatre rather than in the sporting facilities to emphasise the project as a “play” and to open up possibilities of symbolic interpretations.
The project aims to fuel follow-up works, including new productions in other relevant locations in the Mediterranean that combine artistic and cultural dimensions in co-operation with local communities and youth organisations.
The result of this process is a unique staged photography and a short film – a living illustrations of Spirit & Values of Sport Culture settled in the African Continent and surrounded by ancestral civilisation.
- The project is an exciting expedition into a visual interpretation of Olympic Values: respect, excellence and friendship.
- The project is settled on a culture and education level: utilizing cultural sites and educating participating schools and young athletes about Olympic Values and preservation of cultural heritage.
- The project implementation in Libya includes a consideration of the Olympic Truce and Peace & Sport
- Women in Sports are promoted through female participation.
- The project reflects on the Paralympics and its values: courage, determination, inspiration and equality.
- The project focuses on all cultures despite age, colour, sex, education and religion.
05. Expected outcome
- Olympic values education for young people is achieved on the field by presenting and accomplishing the project in cooperation with local communities and a team of artists. Schools and sport associations will have lectures and Olympic Education on the ground (an estimated 200 participants). Having them to act as players for the artwork will insure a deep impact; this new teaching approach will guarantee a lasting legacy.
- Display and diffusion of the visual results (photography and film) will trigger and promote public debate about the meaning of Olympic values and spirit, including on the human level. Moreover, the creative outputs of the project can be used for educational purposes as an artistic and intercultural exchange on the topic of Olympic Spirit & Values.
- In a medium to long-term strategic development, the project can easily be spread and readapted in new locations with this model of partnership involving local NOC’s.
06. Project Key Phases
May 2012: Preparation and funding for a last minute production in Libya (in cooperation with LOC, LOA)
June 2012: Production of the first implantation of the project in Libya
July/August 2012: First display of the “The Fairy Play Sabratha” at the Africa Village and/or Libyan House during the London Olympic Games 2012.
Before 2016: Mid-term follow-up of the Project, new productions on other relevant locations that combine artistic and cultural dimensions in co-operation with local communities and youth supporting organisations.
- Distribution of flyers, postcards, posters of the project at the Africa Village and/or Libyan House at the London Olympic Games 2012.
- On a mid- to long term level: publication of a picture book about the Values and Spirit os Sport Culture, puzzles, exhibitions, displays, creative educational tools, workshops, …
08. Realization The Fairy Play Sabratha
Project Director: Marwan Maghur, Secretary General, Libyan Olympic Committee
Artistic Director: Lukas Maximilian Hüller, photographer
Film: Hannes Seebacher, artist
Project manager: Amelia von Kageneck, International Lawyer
Coordination stage & athletes Libya: Haffed Gritly, Director Libyan Olympic Academy
Project coordination Libya: Hussain Jerbi assisted by Jalal Eljadi
Set management Libya: Teresa Lehner
Participants: national schools and local scouts Sabratha & athletes Olympic Academy Libya
Supporters: children of Sabratha, city of Sabratha, archeological site of Sabratha
Sponsors Production Libya: Oasis Motors – BMW Libya & CANON Austria
Partners: Libyan Olympic Committee and Libyan Olympic Academy
Project producer: Osama Omar Muttawa Sweli | <urn:uuid:9306c0ff-3030-4f69-abe7-eccb3b6bef7f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.childofplay.com/fairy-play-sabratha-living-illustration-olympic-spirit-values/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.894243 | 1,436 | 2.453125 | 2 |
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