conversations
dict
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Explain the purpose behind drug testing in professional sports." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Drug testing in professional sports is used to ensure the safety and fairness of athletes, to maintain the integrity of the sport, and to...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Describe a Renaissance painting in detail." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The painting is of a seated figure wearing a beautiful dress and holding a small dog in her lap. The background is composed of an idyllic landscape with a cas...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Summarize the article \"The Revolution of Metal 3D Printing\".\nInput:\nhttps://www.engineering.com/AdvancedManufacturing/ArticleID/20180/The-Revolution-of-Metal-3D-Printing.aspx" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Metal 3D printing is a...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Create an app that allows user to search for and book a taxi." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The app will allow users to search for and book a taxi in their area. It will use the user's geolocation data to show them a list of availa...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Determine whether the following statement is true or false: Community colleges offer more economical tuition than four-year universities." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "True. Community colleges generally offer lower tuition than fou...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Rewrite the following sentence so it is in the passive voice:\n\nJack has been writing a book for six months." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A book has been being written by Jack for six months." } ], "id": "alpaca_39605" }
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Convert 180 centimeters to inches." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "180 centimeters is equal to 70.86614173228346 inches." } ], "id": "alpaca_39606" }
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Identify whether the following statement is true or false. All mammals breathe through their nose." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The statement is true. All mammals breathe through their nose." } ], "id": "alpaca_39607" }
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Create a system for tracking electronic device usage." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The system will track the usage of electronic devices for each user. For each device type, it will record how much time the device is used in a day...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Compose an email requesting a customer to fill out a review about their experience with your product." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Dear [Name],\n\nWe hope you're enjoying your [product] that you purchased from us. We'd love to hea...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Generate a list of 5 topics that can be discussed in a technology-focused TED Talk." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "1. The Implications of Autonomous Vehicle Technology\n2. Augmented Reality: The Future of Education and Business\n3. ...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Come up with a list of 5 products that would make excellent gifts for a student." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "1. A quality laptop\n2. Noise cancelling headphones\n3. An ergonomic chair\n4. A wireless printer\n5. A wireless power b...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Construct an analogy comparing two entities.\nInput:\nA democracy and a computer." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A democracy is like a computer in that it requires input from its constituents in order to function properly and make d...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Generate a sentence about cats using vocabulary from the provided list.\nInput:\nfeline, purr, frisky" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The frisky feline let out a loud purr." } ], "id": "alpaca_39613" }
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "What is the most important point I should include in an essay about the global financial crisis?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The most important point to include in an essay about the global financial crisis is that the root of th...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Compare and contrast the debate between liberalism and traditionalism" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The debate between liberalism and traditionalism revolves around two different perspectives of the world. Liberals favor an expansi...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Given this design, suggest three improvements that can be made\nInput:\n![alt text](https://i.ibb.co/1rQ2TzT/design.jpg \"Design\")" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Three improvements that can be made to this design are:\n1. Incorpora...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Arrange the given items into a logical order\nInput:\npen, chair, table" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The logical order is: table, chair, pen." } ], "id": "alpaca_39617" }
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Find and explain five symptoms of diabetes" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Five common symptoms of diabetes are: \n1. Increased thirst and frequent urination: The increase in thirst is caused by a high level of glucose in the blood. ...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Add three interesting facts about Portugal" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Here are three interesting facts about Portugal: \n1. Portugal is the oldest nation state in Europe and the oldest country in the world that is not in the Asi...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Find four tips for using technology effectively" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Here are four tips for using technology effectively:\n1. Establish clear goals: Clearly define the purpose of each device or program you are using.\n2. S...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Given this text, identify the three main points.\nInput:\nThe sun is a star that lies at the center of the solar system. It has an estimated age of about 4.5 billion years and has been burning for about the same length of time." }, { "fro...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Explain the phenomenon of colors in the aurora" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The colors of the aurora are caused by collisions between electrically charged particles released from the sun and gases in Earth's atmosphere. These part...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "List five examples of wearable technology" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Five examples of wearable technology are:\n1. Smart watches\n2. Smart glasses\n3. Fitness trackers\n4. Smart rings\n5. Smart clothing" } ], "id": "alpa...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Write a direct speech sentence\nInput:\nMary said:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "\"Hello, I am Mary!\"" } ], "id": "alpaca_39624" }
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Categorize this sentence as an opinion or fact.\nInput:\nThe Earth orbits around the sun once every 365 days." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Fact" } ], "id": "alpaca_39625" }
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Construct a humorous comment to an Instagram post.\nInput:\n\"I finally finished the project after a month of hard work!\"" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "\"Congrats! Now you get to enjoy the best part of any project: a few months br...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Translate this sentence into the French language: “He can neither read nor write" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Il ne sait ni lire ni écrire." } ], "id": "alpaca_39627" }
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Write a short argument that defends the following statement: Junk food should be banned from schools." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Junk food should be banned from schools because it does not promote healthy eating habits for stude...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Classify the following content as appropriate for children or adults.\nInput:\nA video game involving shooting aliens" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Adults" } ], "id": "alpaca_39629" }
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Transform the passage into a conversation between two characters.\nInput:\nJohn had a bad day at work and was feeling down." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "John: Man, I had such an awful day at work today. I feel so down.\nJane: Oh, ...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Suggest a course of action.\nInput:\nThe team is struggling to reach the deadline." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The team should focus on their most important tasks first and break them down into smaller, more manageable tasks. Sch...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Explain how the given activity can help reduce stress.\nInput:\nGoing for a jog in the morning" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Going for a jog in the morning can help reduce stress because it is a form of physical activity that boost...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Describe the steps necessary to construct a device.\nInput:\nRobot arm" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "To construct a robot arm, you will need to first think about what components you will need to build it and how they will fit toget...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Rewrite the passage from the perspective of a different character.\nInput:\nSophie was exhausted after a long day at school." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Tom saw how exhausted Sophie was after a long day at school. He couldn't hel...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Reverse engineer a solution for the given problem.\nInput:\nHow to minimize wait times in customer service?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "To minimize wait times in customer service, it is important to ensure adequate staffing level...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "With the given information, imagine a possible application.\nInput:\nVoice recognition technology" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A possible application of voice recognition technology is a smartphone application that allows the user...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Write a letter to persuade the reader to do something.\nInput:\nConduct a research project" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Dear Professor Kane,\n\nI am writing to persuade you to consider conducting a research project on the power of...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Search the internet and find the nearest Indian restaurant.\nInput:\nBerlin, Germany" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The nearest Indian restaurant to Berlin, Germany is Malabar, located at Wilhelmstr. 26, 10117 Berlin. It is 0.2 mile...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Name one law-enforcement agency that investigates cases of corporate fraud." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is one law-enforcement agency that investigates cases of corporate fraud." ...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Summarize the lyrics of Ed Sheeran's song 'Shape of You'?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The song 'Shape of You' by Ed Sheeran is a romantic pop song about finding a love that changes you and makes you a better version of yourself. ...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "How long did World War I last?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "World War I lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918, a total of 1,566 days." } ], "id": "alpaca_39641" }
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "How long is the Nile River?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The Nile River is approximately 6,853 kilometers (4,258 miles) long, making it the longest river in the world." } ], "id": "alpaca_39642" }
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Provide an explanation for the following term.\nInput:\nAlgorithm" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "An algorithm is a set of instructions that is used to complete a task, such as a calculation or a search. It is a step by step way of s...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Name 5 famous authors." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "William Shakespeare, J.K. Rowling, George Orwell, Stephen King, Ernest Hemingway." } ], "id": "alpaca_39644" }
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Modify the sentence to provide more information.\nInput:\nHe was excited to attend the event." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "He was filled with a sense of anticipation and joy as he prepared to attend the event." } ], "id": ...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Classify the sentiment expressed in the following comment.\nInput:\nI would not recommend this product to anyone." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The sentiment expressed in the comment is negative." } ], "id": "alpaca_39646" ...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "List three reasons why the topic is relevant.\nInput:\nAlternative Energy Sources" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "1. Alternative energy sources are more cost effective and environmentally friendly than traditional forms of energy.\n2...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Brainstorm three relevant topics for the article\nInput:\nImpact of Covid-19 on Education" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "1. Challenges faced by teachers and students due to Covid-19\n2. Changes in learning methods to accommodate a s...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Categorize these animals as predators/prey.\nInput:\nCheetah, Elephant, Rabbit" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Cheetah (predator), Elephant (prey), Rabbit (prey)" } ], "id": "alpaca_39649" }
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "How many U.S. states border the Pacific Ocean?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Four U.S. states border the Pacific Ocean: California, Oregon, Washington and Alaska." } ], "id": "alpaca_39650" }
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Identify the biggest city in this list.\nInput:\nNew York City, Tokyo, Los Angeles" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Tokyo is the biggest city in the list, with a population of over 13 million." } ], "id": "alpaca_39651" }
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "In the sentence, change the adverb from an adverb of Manner to an adverb of Degree.\nInput:\nShe spoke quietly." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "She spoke softly." } ], "id": "alpaca_39652" }
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Search for information about a marketplace." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A marketplace is an online platform where buyers can purchase goods and services from sellers. Popular marketplaces include Amazon, eBay, Etsy, and Walmart."...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Match the corresponding country to its capital city.\nInput:\nAustralia - Canberra, India - New Delhi, Canada - Toronto" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Australia - Canberra, India - New Delhi, Canada - Toronto." } ], "id": "a...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Name one positive and one negative effect of global warming." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "One positive effect of global warming is that some areas may become warmer and more hospitable for human life. One negative effect of global...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Match the behavior to its corresponding animal.\nInput:\nA monkey swinging from branch to branch - Monkey, A snake shedding its skin - Snake" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A monkey swinging from branch to branch - Monkey, A snake sh...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Explain where an electric current originates." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "An electric current is caused by the flow of electric charge, typically originating from a power source such as a battery. When electrons flow through a co...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Evaluate how good ice cream is for a healthy diet." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Ice cream can be part of a healthy diet, as long as it is consumed in moderation. Ice cream is a good source of protein and calcium, and can also prov...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Identify famous quotes from given author.\nInput:\nAuthor: Albert Einstein" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Some of Albert Einstein's most famous quotes include:\n-\"Imagination is more important than knowledge.\"\n-\"In the middle of...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Summarize the basic approach of given novel.\nInput:\nNovel: Heart of Darkness" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Heart of Darkness is a novel by Joseph Conrad that follows protagonist Charles Marlow's journey into the Congo. Along the ...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Create a story about given animals and object.\nInput:\nAnimals: Elephant, Mouse\nObject: Acorn" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Once upon a time, there lived a little mouse and a wise old elephant. The mouse was scurrying around in t...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Assess the influence of given technology advancements on society.\nInput:\nTechnology: Autonomous vehicles" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Autonomous vehicles have the potential to revolutionize the way we travel, offering increased ...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Describe the most common features an optical microscope has." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The most common features of an optical microscope include a light source, an objective lens, a condenser lens, an eyepiece, a stage, a coars...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Identify the properties of given material.\nInput:\nMaterial: Carbon fiber" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Carbon fiber is a strong, lightweight material made from carbon atoms linked together in small fibers. It is one of the most p...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Specify the ideal temperature for a given animal species.\nInput:\nAnimal Species: Bald Eagles" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Bald Eagles prefer temperatures around -30° Celsius, but can survive temperatures as low as -50° Celsius i...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Can you recommend a chocolate cake recipe for two?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Yes, here is a simple recipe for a two-person chocolate cake. You will need 1/2 cup all-purpose flour, 1/2 cup cocoa powder, 1/2 cup sugar, 1/2 cup bu...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "How do you delete user account in given software?\nInput:\nSoftware: Adobe Photoshop" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "To delete a user account in Adobe Photoshop, go to the Edit menu, select Manage Accounts, and choose Delete User Acc...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Generate a nuanced sentence about the importance of knowledge and activism." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Knowledge is a powerful tool for social justice and, when combined with activism, can be an effective way to challenge inequa...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Explain how the internet provides access to information." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The internet is a powerful source of information and provides quick, easy access to vast amounts of data that would otherwise take hours or days...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Write a sentence about the effect of technology on learning." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Technology has transformed the way we learn, making the learning process more efficient, interactive and flexible." } ], "id": "alpa...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Create a TV show where the main character is a bee." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A new TV show called \"B Click\" follows the life of a bee, named Burt, and his colony as they face the unique challenges of the hive. From not fitti...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Generate a horror story where the protagonist is a teenager." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The dusk was drawing near and the teenager could feel in her bones that something sinister was in the air. She had decided to take a walk th...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Generate a script for a commercial that promotes an animal adoption center." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Scene 1: We open on a young couple entering an animal adoption center, full of excited children and barking dogs. \n\nVoice-o...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Generate a mystery story with a detective as the main character" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Detective John McRay was on the hunt for a missing person. He had been looking for weeks with no avail, and it was slowly beginning to ta...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Generate a marketing plan for a new clothing line for kids." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Our marketing plan for the new clothing line for kids is designed to reach both parents and children. Our main target audience will be parent...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Create a joke with the punchline \"That's why they call it a holdup\"." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A man walks into a bank and shouts \"Everyone put your hands up!\" The teller looks at him and says \"Sir, this is a bank, not a f...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Generate a list of ideas for creating an effective advertisement about a new mobile service for children." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "1. Focus on the educational aspects of the service and the potential to learn new skills.\n2. H...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Generate a list of three alternatives to reduce emissions from factories." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "1. Invest in green technology and energy sources like solar or wind power to operate the factories.\n2. Partner with other comp...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Reshape the list of words into an alphabetically ordered list\nInput:\ngovernment, month, ocean, paper" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "month, ocean, paper, government." } ], "id": "alpaca_39679" }
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Identify the audience for this news article\nInput:\nExperts say the COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to disrupt global supply chains and economies." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The audience for this news article is the general...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Outline the three main points in the opinion piece\nInput:\nOutsourcing jobs to cheaper overseas labor is often seen as bad but, in certain circumstances, it may be beneficial to nations and workers alike." }, { "from": "gpt", "valu...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Sort the list of states by their population\nInput:\nTexas, California, Massachusetts, New York" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "California, Texas, New York, Massachusetts." } ], "id": "alpaca_39682" }
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "How would you correct the following sentence to make it grammatically correct?\nInput:\nI bought books today that I'd like to read" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "I bought books today that I would like to read." } ], "id": "a...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Name three countries that have case spikes of COVID-19" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "India, the United States, and Brazil." } ], "id": "alpaca_39684" }
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Describe an example of how remote working can be improved" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Organizations can improve remote working by investing in resources such as updated technology, better communication tools, and new collaboratio...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Name the three main components of natural language processing" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The three main components of natural language processing are natural language understanding, natural language generation, and natural langu...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Transform the list of ingredients into an easy to read recipe\nInput:\nrice, tomato, onion, garlic" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Heat olive oil in a pot over medium heat and add garlic, onion, and tomato. Cook for 3 minutes until i...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Given an individual with a certain job and a certain city, determine the average salary of the job in the city.\nInput:\nComputer programmer, Tokyo" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "According to Salary.com, the average salary of a comp...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Find a sentence in the given section that supports the statement.\nInput:\nHowever, the fact that it is possible to reuse and reconfigure existing Machine Learning systems means that organizations do not have to start from scratch each time they need t...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Find an open-ended question that explores the impact of machine learning on the healthcare industry." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "How can machine learning be used to improve the effectiveness of healthcare treatments?" } ], ...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Given a word and a sentence, identify if the word exists in the sentence.\nInput:\nWord: mountain\nSentence: Snow capped mountain peaks are visible in the background" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Yes, the word 'mountain' exists in ...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Given a list of words, find out the last word.\nInput:\napple, banana, orange, strawberry" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The last word is strawberry." } ], "id": "alpaca_39692" }
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Determine if given two numbers, the first one is greater than the second.\nInput:\n75, 67" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Yes, 75 is greater than 67." } ], "id": "alpaca_39693" }
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "List the top 5 cities with the highest population in the United States." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The top 5 cities in the United States with the highest population are New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago, Houston, and Phoenix."...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Create a headline for a news story about school closures due to the COVID-19 pandemic." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Schools Close as Pandemic Continues to Ravage Education System." } ], "id": "alpaca_39695" }
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "What is the greatest asset of a company?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The greatest asset of a company is its people. Good employees are essential for the success of any business and are the key to a company's growth and profitabil...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Generate a script for a scene in a movie showing a character struggling with depression." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The scene opens in the bedroom of a young woman. She is curled up in bed, her face filled with sadness. She star...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Explain the impact of automation on the global economy." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Automation has had a significant impact on the global economy by eliminating human labor and creating new opportunities for businesses. Automatio...
{ "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "Identify the parties involved in the Panama Papers scandal." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The parties involved in the Panama Papers scandal were Mossack Fonseca, a Panamanian law firm that sold offshore shell companies; several wor...