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math0201300 | i | in this paper we give a proof ( of a generalization to the context of _ o - minimal structures _ on the real field , or to _ analytic ( nash ) geometric categories _ ) of the following intersection formula : [ thm : int1 ] let @xmath0 be an m - dimensional real analytic manifold and @xmath1 a subanalytic @xmath2-fun... | we prove a generalization to the context of real geometry of an intersection formula for the vanishing cycle functor , which in the complex context is due to dubson , l , ginsburg and sabbah ( after a conjecture of deligne ) . it is also a generalization of similar results of kashiwara - schapira , where these authors ... | we prove a generalization to the context of real geometry of an intersection formula for the vanishing cycle functor , which in the complex context is due to dubson , l , ginsburg and sabbah ( after a conjecture of deligne ) . it is also a generalization of similar results of kashiwara - schapira , where these authors ... |
1503.01282 | i | optimal systolic inequalities were studied since the mid - twentieth century after c. loewner proved in an unpublished work the following result , _ cf . _ @xcite . every riemannian two - torus @xmath0 satisfies @xmath1 with equality if and only if @xmath0 is a flat hexagonal torus . recall that the _ systole _ of a n... | we prove optimal systolic inequalities on finsler mobius bands relating the systole and the height of the mobius band to its holmes - thompson volume . we also establish an optimal systolic inequality for finsler klein bottles of revolution , which we conjecture to hold true for arbitrary finsler metrics . | we prove optimal systolic inequalities on finsler mobius bands relating the systole and the height of the mobius band to its holmes - thompson volume . we also establish an optimal systolic inequality for finsler klein bottles of revolution , which we conjecture to hold true for arbitrary finsler metrics . extremal met... |
1009.3027 | c | the issue of planetary tidal evolution has a long and illustrious history , with many applications to our own solar system ( e.g. peale 1999 ) . the importance of tides was realised immediately upon the discovery of the first extrasolar planets ( e.g. rasio et al . 1996 ; marcy et al . 1997 ) because of the extremely s... | the model is valid to high order in eccentricity and parameterised by two constants of bulk dissipation one for dissipation in the planet and one for dissipation in the host star . the paucity of short period planets around evolved a stars is explained as the result of enhanced tidal inspiral resulting from the increa... | we provide an ` effective theory ' of tidal dissipation in extrasolar planet systems by empirically calibrating a model for the equilibrium tide . the model is valid to high order in eccentricity and parameterised by two constants of bulk dissipation one for dissipation in the planet and one for dissipation in the hos... |
0907.1374 | i | `` soft '' physics is manifest in various places in different guises . the interest in soft interactions at _ very high _ energies is stimulated , theoretically , by the fact that the observed hadronic cross sections are growing with energy and , experimentally , by the advent of the lhc . at the lhc energy we have ... | unitarity tames the power growth of the elastic proton - proton scattering amplitude with energy , and leads to the migration of the secondary particles produced in high - energy proton - proton collisions to larger transverse momenta . ippp/09/24 + dcpt/09/48 + + * soft physics at the lhc * + m.g . | we recall the main features of the regge approach used to understand soft interactions at lhc and higher energies . unitarity tames the power growth of the elastic proton - proton scattering amplitude with energy , and leads to the migration of the secondary particles produced in high - energy proton - proton collision... |
0907.1374 | c | we should discuss how the saturation of particle densities can be consistent with confinement . the growth of the transverse momenta @xmath6 tames the increase of the interaction radius with energy . one possibility is that the simultaneous action of confinement and the growth of @xmath6 will finally lead to the satura... | we recall the main features of the regge approach used to understand soft interactions at lhc and higher energies . finally , we make a list of the characteristic features of the multi - pomeron description of soft interactions that may be observed at the high energies accessible at the tevatron and the lhc . shuvae... | we recall the main features of the regge approach used to understand soft interactions at lhc and higher energies . unitarity tames the power growth of the elastic proton - proton scattering amplitude with energy , and leads to the migration of the secondary particles produced in high - energy proton - proton collision... |
1208.0181 | i | the role of spin - fluctuations in superconducting materials has been a subject of sustained interest for the last 50 years . in 1960s doniach @xcite and berk and schrieffer @xcite made the important observation that itinerant ferromagnetic spin - fluctuations tend to suppress superconductivity in elemental s - wave su... | the temperature dependence of the normal state dc magnetic susceptibility in this tiv alloy shows tlnt behavior . such temperature dependence of dc magnetic susceptibility , resistivity and heat capacity are indications of the presence of spin - fluctuations in the system . _ keywords _ : alloy superconductor , spin fl... | we report experimental studies of the temperature and magnetic field dependence of resistivity and dc magnetic susceptibility and the temperature dependence of zero field heat capacity in a tiv alloy . the temperature dependence of the normal state dc magnetic susceptibility in this tiv alloy shows tlnt behavior . the ... |
1208.0181 | r | the ti - v alloys form in @xmath20 phase for ti composition exceeding 20 at . the space group corresponding to @xmath20 phase is body centered cubic ( bcc ) im@xmath22 m with ti or v occupying 2a site randomly . figure 1 shows the xrd pattern of ti@xmath0v@xmath1 alloy along with the fitted curve obtained using rietvel... | the temperature dependence of resistivity follows a t behaviour in the range 20 - 50 k. on the other hand , a term lnt is needed in the expression containing the electronic and lattice heat capacities to explain the temperature dependence of heat capacity at temperatures where dependence of resistivity is observed . f... | we report experimental studies of the temperature and magnetic field dependence of resistivity and dc magnetic susceptibility and the temperature dependence of zero field heat capacity in a tiv alloy . the temperature dependence of the normal state dc magnetic susceptibility in this tiv alloy shows tlnt behavior . the ... |
1208.0181 | i | the temperature and magnetic field dependent dc magnetic susceptibility and electrical resistivity and the zero field heat capacity of ti@xmath0v@xmath1 have been analyzed in a quantitative manner . these results provide some experimental evidences of the presence of spin - fluctuations in this alloy system . the kadow... | we report experimental studies of the temperature and magnetic field dependence of resistivity and dc magnetic susceptibility and the temperature dependence of zero field heat capacity in a tiv alloy . we show from our analysis of resistivity and the susceptibility in normal and superconducting states that the spin flu... | we report experimental studies of the temperature and magnetic field dependence of resistivity and dc magnetic susceptibility and the temperature dependence of zero field heat capacity in a tiv alloy . the temperature dependence of the normal state dc magnetic susceptibility in this tiv alloy shows tlnt behavior . the ... |
0906.4885 | c | one of the most important questions concerning coronal lines in agn is the excitation mechanism that drives their emission . here we discuss whether photoionization or shock ionization can account for the locations and strengths of the coronal line emission in ngc 1068 . a summary is provided at the end of this sectio... | four coronal lines of widely different excitations were detected ; the intensity of each peaks near radio knot c , approximately 0.3 north of the infrared continuum peak , where the radio jet changes direction . a new and tighter limit is set on the column density of co. although clumpy models of the dust screen might... | we report moderate resolution 3 - 5 m spectroscopy of the nucleus of ngc 1068 obtained at 0.3 ( 20 pc ) resolution with the spectrograph slit aligned approximately along the ionization cones of the agn . the deconvolved fwhm of the nuclear continuum source in this direction is 0.3 . four coronal lines of widely dif... |
astro-ph9907378 | c | our hst _ wide field and planetary camera 2 _ and _ near infrared and multi object spectrograph _ observations of centaurus a ( ngc 5128 ) have provided several new insights about the active galactic nucleus . detection of unresolved emission in both visible light and near - ir suggests that two different emission mech... | we detect the active nucleus in the near ir ( k and h ) and , for the first time , in the optical ( i and v ) , deriving the spectral energy distribution of the nucleus from the radio to x - rays . the optical and part of the near - ir emission can be explained by the extrapolation of the x - ray power law reddened by... | we report new hst _ wfpc2 _ and _ nicmos _ observations of the center of the nearest radio galaxy centaurus a ( ngc 5128 ) and discuss their implications for our understanding of the active nucleus and jet . we detect the active nucleus in the near ir ( k and h ) and , for the first time , in the optical ( i and v ) ,... |
astro-ph0112299 | i | according to the unification paradigm for seyfert galaxies , seyfert 1s , which show broad optical emission lines , and 2s , which do not , are intrinsically the same objects , but the nuclei of the latter class are obscured by dust along our line of sight in dusty molecular tori @xcite . it is widely accepted that the... | the 3.3 m polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ( pah ) emission is used to estimate the magnitudes of compact nuclear starbursts ( on scales less than a few 100 pc ) and to resolve the controversy over their energetic importance in seyfert 2 nuclei . for three selected seyfert 2 nuclei that have been well studied in the uv ... | we report on 34 m slit spectroscopy of 13 seyfert 2 nuclei . the 3.3 m polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ( pah ) emission is used to estimate the magnitudes of compact nuclear starbursts ( on scales less than a few 100 pc ) and to resolve the controversy over their energetic importance in seyfert 2 nuclei . for three sel... |
astro-ph0112299 | c | the fraction of the observed nuclear 34 @xmath0 m fluxes in our slit spectra that originates in starbursts can be estimated from the rest - frame equivalent widths of the 3.3 @xmath0 m pah emission feature ( ew@xmath20 ) . the ew@xmath20 value decreases as the agn contribution increases ( @xmath17 1 ) . the equivalent ... | the magnitudes of the compact nuclear starbursts estimated from the 3.3 m pah emission ( with no extinction correction ) are in satisfactory quantitative agreement with those based on the uv after extinction correction . based directly on our 34 m slit spectra , the following two main conclusions are drawn : ( 1 ) exce... | we report on 34 m slit spectroscopy of 13 seyfert 2 nuclei . the 3.3 m polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ( pah ) emission is used to estimate the magnitudes of compact nuclear starbursts ( on scales less than a few 100 pc ) and to resolve the controversy over their energetic importance in seyfert 2 nuclei . for three sel... |
astro-ph0112299 | i | we performed 34 @xmath0 m spectroscopy of 13 seyfert 2 nuclei that were previously studied in the uv , optical , and near - infrared @xmath1-band . making use of the 3.3 @xmath0 m pah emission feature detected in our slit spectra , the following results were obtained . 1 . our pah - based , extinction - uncorrected ... | we report on 34 m slit spectroscopy of 13 seyfert 2 nuclei . this agreement indicates that the flux attenuation of compact nuclear starburst emission due to dust extinction is insignificant at 34 m , and thus allows us to use the observed 3.3 m pah luminosity to estimate the magnitudes of the compact nuclear starbursts... | we report on 34 m slit spectroscopy of 13 seyfert 2 nuclei . the 3.3 m polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ( pah ) emission is used to estimate the magnitudes of compact nuclear starbursts ( on scales less than a few 100 pc ) and to resolve the controversy over their energetic importance in seyfert 2 nuclei . for three sel... |
astro-ph0307235 | c | as a first step in the investigation of our results we compare them with some qualitative correlations between glitch variables studied by lyne et al . ( 2000 ) in a sample of 48 radio pulsar glitches . it is usually assumed that glitches are a manifestation of the angular momentum exchange between the bulk of a neutro... | no bursts were detected in any lightcurve , but our search was limited in sensitivity with respect to short ( t 60 ms ) bursts . observed glitch properties are compared to those of radio pulsar glitches ; current models are discussed in light of our results . starquake based models appear to be prefered on qualitative... | we report on a timing analysis of archival observations of the anomalous x ray pulsar 1rxs j170849.0400910 made with the rxte proportional counter array . we detect a new large glitch ( ) which occurred between 2001 march 27 and 2001 may 6 , with an associated large increase in the spin down rate ( 0.3 ) . the short ... |
0904.4725 | i | the fine structure constant today , @xmath9 , is usually thought of as a fundamental , unchanging , constant of nature , but recently both experimental and theoretical papers have challenged this assumption , ( e.g. , see the review by garcia - berro , isern , and kubyshin ( 2007 ) ) . motivated especially by the possi... | lines in a damped ly system at . / s over a single night , and drifts of nearly 2000 m / s over several nights . these offsets correspond to an absolute redshift of uncertainty of about ( ) , with daily drifts of around ( ) , and multiday drifts of nearly ( ) . the causes of the wavelength offsets are not known , but s... | we report on an attempt to accurately wavelength calibrate four nights of data taken with the keck hires spectrograph on qso phl957 , for the purpose of determining whether the fine structure constant was different in the past . using new software and techniques , we measured the redshifts of various ni ii , fe ii , si... |
0904.4725 | c | we tried and failed to give a definitive answer to the question of whether the fine structure constant was different at early times in high redshift ly alpha systems . in order to investigate this problem in detail we used data taken through the keck iodine cell and wrote our fitting software from scratch . using the i... | we report on an attempt to accurately wavelength calibrate four nights of data taken with the keck hires spectrograph on qso phl957 , for the purpose of determining whether the fine structure constant was different in the past . using new software and techniques , we measured the redshifts of various ni ii , fe ii , si... | we report on an attempt to accurately wavelength calibrate four nights of data taken with the keck hires spectrograph on qso phl957 , for the purpose of determining whether the fine structure constant was different in the past . using new software and techniques , we measured the redshifts of various ni ii , fe ii , si... |
1207.0616 | i | the orion a and b clouds are the archetypes of local giant molecular clouds ( gmcs ) where interstellar gas condenses and stars are formed ( e.g. , * ? ? ? * ; * ? ? ? * and references therein ) . the clouds have been studied in various wavebands including millimeter observations of the transition lines between co rota... | we present here such distributions for orion a and b , and correlate them with those of the velocity integrated co intensity ( ) at a pixel level . the -to - mass conversion factor , , is found to be for the high - longitude part of orion a ( ) , times higher than found for the rest of orion a and b. we interpret the a... | we report on the gamma - ray observations of giant molecular clouds orion a and b with the large area telescope ( lat ) on - board the _ fermi gamma - ray space telescope_. the gamma - ray emission in the energy band between mev and gev is predicted to trace the gas mass distribution in the clouds through nuclear int... |
1207.0616 | c | we have reported on the first 21 months observations of orion a and b with the _ fermi gamma - ray space telescope _ in the energy band between @xmath176 mev and @xmath0 gev . we have measured the mass column density distribution within the clouds at the angular scale of the instrument psf using the @xmath141 product... | we report on the gamma - ray observations of giant molecular clouds orion a and b with the large area telescope ( lat ) on - board the _ fermi gamma - ray space telescope_. the gamma - ray emission in the energy band between mev and gev is predicted to trace the gas mass distribution in the clouds through nuclear int... | we report on the gamma - ray observations of giant molecular clouds orion a and b with the large area telescope ( lat ) on - board the _ fermi gamma - ray space telescope_. the gamma - ray emission in the energy band between mev and gev is predicted to trace the gas mass distribution in the clouds through nuclear int... |
astro-ph9910319 | i | the gamma - ray burst ( grb ) of may 8 , 1997 was a watershed event in the study of these intriguing objects . there were two major advances resulting from afterglow observations of : ( 1 ) the first unambiguous evidence that some grbs are a cosmological population was obtained with the detection of red - shifted metal... | we report on the results of an extensive monitoring campaign of the radio afterglow of grb 970508 , lasting 450 days after the burst . the spectral and temporal radio behavior indicate that the fireball has undergone a transition to sub - relativistic expansion at days . this allows us to perform `` calorimetry '' of t... | we report on the results of an extensive monitoring campaign of the radio afterglow of grb 970508 , lasting 450 days after the burst . the spectral and temporal radio behavior indicate that the fireball has undergone a transition to sub - relativistic expansion at days . this allows us to perform `` calorimetry '' of t... |
astro-ph0203491 | c | the observations obtained for sn 1999ee constitute the most complete spectral and temporal coverage ever achieved for a sn ia . its branch - normal character makes it an ideal reference for comparative studies of sne ia . before maximum light sn 1999ee displayed a normal spectrum with a strong si ii @xmath06355 a... | sn 1999ee displayed a normal spectrum with a strong si ii absorption , thus showing that not all slow - declining sne are spectroscopically peculiar at these evolutionary phases . a comparative study of the infrared spectra of sn 1999ee and other type ia supernovae shows that there is a remarkable homogeneity among t... | we report optical and infrared spectroscopic observations of the type ia sn 1999ee and the type ib / c sn 1999ex , both of which were hosted by the galaxy ic 5179 . for sn 1999ee we obtained a continuous sequence with an unprecedented wavelength and temporal coverage beginning 9 days before maximum light and extend... |
0706.3424 | i | we have presented deimos spectra for objects detected by _ galex _ in the mis survey with imaged counterparts in sdss ; a total exposure time of 30 min per slitmask was used . galex has proven to be a sensitive instrument for wide field galaxy surveys . we have shown that the _ galex _ medim imaging survey followed up ... | fainter than the sloan digital sky survey ( sdss ) spectroscopic survey . 43 are starforming galaxies with , 3 have emission line ratios indicative of agn with , and 4 objects with are qsos , 3 of which are not previously cataloged . we compare our sample to a much larger sample of,000 matched galex / sdss galaxies wit... | we report results from a pilot program to obtain spectroscopy for objects detected in the _ galaxy evolution explorer _ ( _ galex _ ) medium imaging survey ( mis ) . our study examines the properties of galaxies detected by _ galex _ fainter than the sloan digital sky survey ( sdss ) spectroscopic survey . this is the ... |
quant-ph9805076 | r | figure [ fig : apparat ] provides a general overview of the apparatus , indicating the schematic arrangement of various components to be described below . the diode laser setup for forming the cs mot is not shown . we use a fabry - perot high - finesse microcavity ( `` physics cavity '' ) consisting of two spherical mi... | we ultimately hope to be able to implement some recently - proposed `` applications '' of the continuous observation of dissipative quantum dynamics , in fields such as quantum measurement , quantum chaos , and quantum feedback control . we obtain phase - contrast signals induced by individual atomic transits , corr... | we report the use of broadband heterodyne spectroscopy to perform continuous measurement of the interaction energy between one atom and a high - finesse optical cavity , during individual transit events ofs duration . we achieve a fractional sensitivity to variations in within a measurement bandwidth that covers 2.5 de... |
quant-ph9805076 | c | in summary , we have described the details of our recent experimental work to perform continuous measurement of the interaction energy @xmath241 between one atom and an optical cavity during individual transit events . we displayed heterodyne transit signals in two complementary formats , one of which highlights the la... | we report the use of broadband heterodyne spectroscopy to perform continuous measurement of the interaction energy between one atom and a high - finesse optical cavity , during individual transit events ofs duration . this article focuses on a detailed description of our recent experiments that record the complete time... | we report the use of broadband heterodyne spectroscopy to perform continuous measurement of the interaction energy between one atom and a high - finesse optical cavity , during individual transit events ofs duration . we achieve a fractional sensitivity to variations in within a measurement bandwidth that covers 2.5 de... |
astro-ph9904248 | i | the most important difference between mm and cm interferometry is the effect of the troposphere at mm wavelengths . the optical depth of the troposphere becomes significant below 1 cm , leading to increased system temperatures due to atmospheric emission , and increased demands on gain calibration due to variable opaci... | we review millimeter interferometric phase variations caused by variations in the precipitable water vapor content of the troposphere , and we discuss techniques proposed to correct for these variations . we present observations with the very large array at 22 ghz and 43 ghz designed to test these techniques . we consi... | we review millimeter interferometric phase variations caused by variations in the precipitable water vapor content of the troposphere , and we discuss techniques proposed to correct for these variations . we present observations with the very large array at 22 ghz and 43 ghz designed to test these techniques . we find ... |
0911.4115 | i | the scattering and absorption of cold and ultracold neutrons ( ucn ) at slightly rough surfaces resembles the roughness problem in light and x - ray optics [ 1 ] . surface roughness induces losses in neutron guide tubes and affects the behavior of a ucn gas in a trap . we investigate especially the relation between a r... | the results are used in a computer simulation of neutron storage in a recent neutron lifetime experiment that reported a large discrepancy of neutron lifetime with the current particle data value . our partial re - analysis suggests the possibility of systematic effects that were not included in this publication . + * ... | we review the diffuse scattering and the loss coefficient in ultracold neutron reflection from slightly rough surfaces , report a surprising reduction in loss coefficient due to roughness , and discuss the possibility of transition from quantum treatment to ray optics . the results are used in a computer simulation of ... |
astro-ph0210292 | c | we have reviewed the astro - f all sky survey and its expected results . astro - f will carry out the first all sky survey at infrared wavelengths for 20 years and will probe down to sensitivities between 10 - 1000 times deeper than the iras mission to more than 5 times the angular resolution in 4 far - ir bands from 5... | astro - f will be the first survey of the entire sky at infrared wavelengths since the iras mission almost 20 years ago . astro - f will survey the entire sky in 4 far - infrared bands from 50 - 200microns and 2 mid - infrared bands at 9 and 20microns to sensitivities of 10 - 1000 times deeper than the iras satellite a... | we review the next generation japanese infrared space mission , astro - f . astro - f will be the first survey of the entire sky at infrared wavelengths since the iras mission almost 20 years ago . astro - f will survey the entire sky in 4 far - infrared bands from 50 - 200microns and 2 mid - infrared bands at 9 and 20... |
1508.01658 | i | in the context of ads / cft , entanglement entropy of the boundary quantum field theory can be calculated using the ryu - takayanagi @xcite prescription and its generalizations to higher curvature gravity theories . the derivation of this holographic entanglement entropy for two derivative einstein gravity was proposed... | we show that for a general four derivative theory of gravity , only the holographic entanglement entropy functionals obey the second law at linearized order in perturbations . for the five dimensional gauss - bonnet theory in the context of ads / cft , the bound arising from black branes coincides with there being no s... | we show that for a general four derivative theory of gravity , only the holographic entanglement entropy functionals obey the second law at linearized order in perturbations . we also derive bounds on the higher curvature couplings in several examples , demanding the validity of the second law for higher order perturba... |
cond-mat0605350 | i | in recent years , ultracold atomic systems have served as a controlled and tunable toolbox for studying many - body quantum phenomena . the continuous tunability of the interaction by feshbach resonances makes these systems ideal candidates to study the crossover from momentum space pairing in the bardeen schrieffer (... | we simulate the dilute attractive fermi - hubbard model in the unitarity regime using a diagrammatic determinant monte carlo algorithm with worm - type updates . we obtain the dependence of the critical temperature on the filling factor and , by extrapolating to , determine the universal critical temperature of the con... | we simulate the dilute attractive fermi - hubbard model in the unitarity regime using a diagrammatic determinant monte carlo algorithm with worm - type updates . we obtain the dependence of the critical temperature on the filling factor and , by extrapolating to , determine the universal critical temperature of the con... |
1407.7915 | i | in summary , we investigated the metastability , excitations , fluctuations , and swallowtail structures of the bec with a uniformly moving defect in a two - dimensional torus system . we first calculated the total energy and the total momentum as functions of the driving velocity of the moving defect . a negative effe... | we solve the gross - pitaevskii ( gp ) and bogoliubov equations to investigate the metastability of superfluidity in a bose - einstein condensate in the presence of a uniformly moving defect potential in a two - dimensional torus . we calculate the total energy and momentum as functions of the driving velocity of the m... | we solve the gross - pitaevskii ( gp ) and bogoliubov equations to investigate the metastability of superfluidity in a bose - einstein condensate in the presence of a uniformly moving defect potential in a two - dimensional torus . we calculate the total energy and momentum as functions of the driving velocity of the m... |
1703.03338 | i | the communication paradigm of cooperative relaying has recently received considerable attention due to its effectiveness in alleviating the effects of multipath fading , pathloss and shadowing , and its ability to deliver improved performance in cognitive radio systems and wireless sensor networks . relay - assisted ce... | we study a cooperative network with a buffer - aided multi - antenna source , multiple half - duplex ( hd ) buffer - aided relays and a single destination . such a setup could represent a cellular downlink scenario , in which the source can be a more powerful wireless device with a buffer and multiple antennas , while ... | we study a cooperative network with a buffer - aided multi - antenna source , multiple half - duplex ( hd ) buffer - aided relays and a single destination . such a setup could represent a cellular downlink scenario , in which the source can be a more powerful wireless device with a buffer and multiple antennas , while ... |
1702.05719 | i | consider a two - player and zero - sum game between alice and bob . the game is played once . a nash equilibrium assigns a strategy to alice and bob such that no player has any incentive to unilaterally change his strategy @xcite . it is proven that if the players can randomize on their pure strategies set according to... | more precisely , we consider the maximum payoff that the maximizer ( alice ) can secure with limited randomness . this problem finds an operational interpretation in the context of repeated games with non - ideal sources of randomness as shown by gossner and vieille , and neyman and okada . we begin by simplifying the ... | we study a two - player zero - sum game in which one of the players is restricted to mixed strategies with limited randomness . more precisely , we consider the maximum payoff that the maximizer ( alice ) can secure with limited randomness . this problem finds an operational interpretation in the context of repeated ga... |
0801.0845 | i | in this paper we have studied higher - dimensional gauge / gravity theories with compact extra dimension(s ) . in section [ sec : abelian ] we have investigated the pure abelian gauge theory with extra compact @xmath9-dimensions in the @xmath5 gauge , and found that the gauge - fixed action possesses the residual globa... | we study compactified pure gauge / gravitational theories with gauge - fixing terms and show that these theories possess quantum mechanical susy - like symmetries between unphysical degrees of freedom . these residual symmetries are global symmetries and generated by quantum mechanical supercharges . also , we establis... | we study compactified pure gauge / gravitational theories with gauge - fixing terms and show that these theories possess quantum mechanical susy - like symmetries between unphysical degrees of freedom . these residual symmetries are global symmetries and generated by quantum mechanical supercharges . also , we establis... |
1501.06030 | i | a fractional quantum hall ( qh ) system of filling fraction @xmath3 has edge channels that support fractional charges obeying fractional braiding statistics @xcite . at @xmath4 , the edge states are decomposed into a @xmath5 charge mode and a counterpropagating neutral mode @xcite . they originate from renormalizatio... | tunneling , dephasing occurs due to electron fractionalization into counterpropagating charge and neutral edge modes on the dot . in particular , when the charge mode moves much faster than the neutral mode , and at temperatures higher than the level spacing of the dot , electron fractionalization combined with the fra... | we study dephasing in electron transport through a large quantum dot ( a fabry - perot interferometer ) in the fractional quantum hall regime with filling factor . in the regime of sequential tunneling , dephasing occurs due to electron fractionalization into counterpropagating charge and neutral edge modes on the dot ... |
hep-lat0605012 | i | in two seminal papers svetitsky and yaffe have tentatively linked the finite - temperature phase transitions in ` hot ' gauge theories to the simpler order - disorder phase transitions of spin models @xcite . in the general case their conjecture may be stated as follows : the effective theory describing finite - temper... | we study effective lattice actions describing the polyakov loop dynamics originating from finite - temperature yang - mills theory . starting with a strong - coupling expansion we find excellent agreement of both approaches concerning the phase structure of the theories . the phase diagram exhibits both first and secon... | we study effective lattice actions describing the polyakov loop dynamics originating from finite - temperature yang - mills theory . starting with a strong - coupling expansion the effective action is obtained as a series of-invariant operators involving higher and higher powers of the polyakov loop , each with its own... |
1105.4291 | i | cyg x-1 is an archetypical and well studied persistent black - hole binary . its companion is the ob supergiant hde 226868 . cyg x-1 is both a radio and x - ray source , and the fluxes in these two bands are strongly correlated ( e.g. , @xcite , hereafter paper i ) . the likely cause of the correlation is the jet in th... | we study free - free absorption of radio emission by winds of massive stars . we derive formulae for the optical depth through the wind measured from a point of emission along a jet , taking into account compton and photoionization heating and compton , recombination , line and advection cooling . based on the findi... | we study free - free absorption of radio emission by winds of massive stars . we derive formulae for the optical depth through the wind measured from a point of emission along a jet , taking into account compton and photoionization heating and compton , recombination , line and advection cooling . we apply the devel... |
1105.4291 | c | we have studied free - free absorption in an optically - thin x - ray irradiated stellar wind . we have taken into account compton heating and cooling , photoionization heating , bremsstrahlung and line cooling , and advection . we have derived relatively simple formulae for the free - free optical depth , in section [... | we apply the developed formalism to radio monitoring data for cyg x-1 , which allows us to obtain strong constraints on the structure of its inner jet . with the data at 15 ghz , and taking into account an anisotropy of the stellar wind in cyg x-1 , we estimate the location of the peak of that emission along the jet at... | we study free - free absorption of radio emission by winds of massive stars . we derive formulae for the optical depth through the wind measured from a point of emission along a jet , taking into account compton and photoionization heating and compton , recombination , line and advection cooling . we apply the devel... |
nucl-th0101035 | i | the study of a new form of strongly interacting matter , the so - called quark - gluon plasma , is at the core of current and future experimental programs at relativistic heavy ion collider ( rhic ) at brookhaven national laboratory ( bnl ) @xcite and large hadron collider ( lhc ) at cern @xcite . although colliders ... | earlier this process was proposed for beam luminosity monitoring via simultaneous registration of forward and backward neutrons in zero degree calorimeters at relativistic heavy ion collider . good description of cern sps experimental data on au and pb dissociation gives confidence in predictive power of the model for ... | we study mutual dissociation of heavy nuclei in peripheral collisions at ultrarelativistic energies . earlier this process was proposed for beam luminosity monitoring via simultaneous registration of forward and backward neutrons in zero degree calorimeters at relativistic heavy ion collider . electromagnetic dissociat... |
1502.03082 | i | condensed matter systems are an endless resource of emergent physical phenomena and associated quasiparticles . majorana fermions , which are particles that are their own antiparticles and which have been first proposed as particles in the context of high energy physics , emerge beautifully as zero energy excitations i... | , one can reveal the electronic susceptibility of the-wave superconductor . we analyze two superconducting systems : the prototypical kitaev chain , and a topological semiconducting wire . for both systems , we show that the photonic measurements , via the electronic susceptibility , allows us to determine the topologi... | we study one - dimensional-wave superconductors capacitively coupled to a microwave stripline cavity . by probing the light exiting from the cavity , one can reveal the electronic susceptibility of the-wave superconductor . we analyze two superconducting systems : the prototypical kitaev chain , and a topological semic... |
cond-mat9806367 | i | models of strongly correlated electrons in two dimensions have been much studied in recent years as part of a search for a minimal model of the high - t@xmath6 superconducting cuprates , and other fascinating new antiferromagnetic systems@xcite . the @xmath0 model , defined by the hamiltonian @xmath7 has become a gener... | the dispersion curve for one hole excitations is calculated and found to be qualitatively similar to that obtained by other methods , but the bandwidth for small is some 20% larger than given previously . we also obtain the binding energy and dispersion relation for two hole bound states . we also make a similar study ... | we study one and two hole properties of the model at half - filling on the square lattice using series expansion methods at . the dispersion curve for one hole excitations is calculated and found to be qualitatively similar to that obtained by other methods , but the bandwidth for small is some 20% larger than given pr... |
0706.2515 | i | the study of the intersections of stable and unstable manifolds of maps and flows has a strong influence on dynamical systems . in particular , the existence of a transverse intersection is associated with the onset of chaos , and gave rise to the famous horseshoe construction of smale . the poincar - melnikov method ... | we study perturbations of diffeomorphisms that have a saddle connection between a pair of normally hyperbolic invariant manifolds . this function is defined to be a section of the normal bundle of the saddle connection . we show how our definition reproduces the classical methods of poincar and melnikov and speciali... | we study perturbations of diffeomorphisms that have a saddle connection between a pair of normally hyperbolic invariant manifolds . we develop a first - order deformation calculus for invariant manifolds and show that a generalized melnikov function or _ melnikov displacement _ can be written in a canonical way . this ... |
quant-ph0611234 | i | the theory of games provides a general structure within which both cooperation and competition among independent entities may be modeled , and provides powerful tools for analyzing these models . applications of this theory have fundamental importance in many areas of science . this paper considers games in which the p... | we study properties of _ quantum strategies _ , which are complete specifications of a given party s actions in any multiple - round interaction involving the exchange of quantum information with one or more other parties . this new representation associates with each strategy a positive semidefinite operator acting on... | we study properties of _ quantum strategies _ , which are complete specifications of a given party s actions in any multiple - round interaction involving the exchange of quantum information with one or more other parties . in particular , we focus on a representation of quantum strategies that generalizes the choi - j... |
1309.3065 | i | the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon , @xmath4 , ( muon @xmath0 ) has been measured very precisely @xcite . it is compared with the standard model ( sm ) prediction , and the latest result is @xmath5 where ref . @xcite is referred to for contributions of the hadronic vacuum polarization , and the hadronic light -... | we study susy models in which bino contributions solve the muon anomaly . , there are upper bounds on masses of sleptons and bino . it is within the reach of lhc and ilc . if the stau is heavier than the smuon , the bound can be as large as . | we study susy models in which bino contributions solve the muon anomaly . the contributions are enhanced by large left - right mixing of the smuons . however , it is constrained by the vacuum stability condition of the slepton higgs potential . therefore , there are upper bounds on masses of sleptons and bino . when t... |
1207.2725 | i | the aim of this paper is to study the asymptotic behaviour of the solutions to a sequence of gradient flows ( in a suitable metric setting ) , when the governing energies and metric - dissipation potentials give raise in the limit to a rate - independent evolution or , more generally , to an evolution driven by a dissi... | we study the asymptotic behaviour of families of gradient flows in a general metric setting , when the metric - dissipation potentials degenerate in the limit to a dissipation with linear growth . we present a general variational definition of bv solutions to metric evolutions , showing the different characterizatio... | we study the asymptotic behaviour of families of gradient flows in a general metric setting , when the metric - dissipation potentials degenerate in the limit to a dissipation with linear growth . we present a general variational definition of bv solutions to metric evolutions , showing the different characterizatio... |
cond-mat0404126 | i | in the last few years graph theoretic approach has been of great value to characterize complex systems found in social , informational and biological areas . here , a complex system is represented as a graph or network whose vertices and edges stand for its constituents and interactions . a simplest model for such is t... | we study the bond percolation problem in random graphs of weighted vertices , where each vertex has a prescribed weight and an edge can connect vertices and with rate . we apply this approach to the static model having so that the resulting graph is scale - free with the degree exponent . the number of loops as well as... | we study the bond percolation problem in random graphs of weighted vertices , where each vertex has a prescribed weight and an edge can connect vertices and with rate . the problem is solved by the limit of the-state potts model with inhomogeneous interactions for all pairs of spins . we apply this approach to the stat... |
1301.1092 | i | topological insulators are a new class of materials that attract much interest recently.@xcite they are band insulating in the bulk but conducting along the surface due to the gapless surface state . in three - dimensional strong topological insulators , the surface state involves an odd number of massless dirac cones ... | the electron density in each band varies with the electric field linearly when the electric field is strong . due to the spin - momentum locking , a transverse spin polarization , with the magnitude proportional to the momentum scattering time , the induced spin polarization depends on the electric field linearly when ... | we study the charge and spin transport under high electric field ( up to several kv / cm ) on the surface of topological insulator bise , where the electron - surface optical phonon scattering dominates except at very low temperature . due to the spin mixing of conduction and valence bands , the electric field not only... |
1301.1092 | r | the analytical study in the previous section only applies to the small electric field . in order to take into account the large electric field , as well as all the scatterings explicitly , we carry out the numerical calculation based on the ksbes . in the calculation , we first apply the electric field along the @xmath... | not only accelerates electrons in each band , but also leads to inter - band precession . in the presence of the electric field , electrons can transfer from the valence band to the conduction one via the inter - band precession and inter - band electron - phonon scattering . | we study the charge and spin transport under high electric field ( up to several kv / cm ) on the surface of topological insulator bise , where the electron - surface optical phonon scattering dominates except at very low temperature . due to the spin mixing of conduction and valence bands , the electric field not only... |
1301.1092 | c | in conclusion , we have studied the charge and spin transport under the influence of high electric field ( up to several kv / cm ) on the surface of topological insulator bi@xmath0se@xmath1 , by means of the ksbes . we assume that the fermi level , adjustable by doping,@xcite is located in the bulk gap . therefore the ... | we study the charge and spin transport under high electric field ( up to several kv / cm ) on the surface of topological insulator bise , where the electron - surface optical phonon scattering dominates except at very low temperature . due to the spin mixing of conduction and valence bands , the electric field is induc... | we study the charge and spin transport under high electric field ( up to several kv / cm ) on the surface of topological insulator bise , where the electron - surface optical phonon scattering dominates except at very low temperature . due to the spin mixing of conduction and valence bands , the electric field not only... |
0908.0068 | c | we studied the soliton excitations in the classical f - af model with the easy - axis anisotropy . the f - af model has two parameters : the frustration parameter @xmath401 and the anisotropy @xmath60 . we found that in a weakly anisotropic limit ( @xmath402 ) the behavior of the soliton solutions for small frustration... | the dependence of the soliton energy on small anisotropy parameter is established using scaling estimates and numerical minimization of the energy functional . it is shown that solitons survive in the spiral phase though with some restrictions on their size . the influence of the finite - size effects on the soliton st... | we study the classical anisotropic ferromagnetic spin chain with frustration . the behavior of soliton and kink solutions in the vicinity of the ground state phase transition from the ferromagnetic to the spiral phase is studied . the dependence of the soliton energy on small anisotropy parameter is established using s... |
1409.2609 | i | nature is not perfect and various types of disorder are ubiquitous . disorder often causes large changes in the properties of condensed matter systems as predicted on the basis of naive idealized models that assume perfect regularity . electron properties in two - dimensional @xcite and three - dimensional disordered m... | this behavior persists also in the presence of a monovalent salt bath and results in significant violation of the contact - value theorem , reflecting the _ anti - fragility _ effects of the disorder that drive the system towards a more ` ordered ' state . in the presence of an interfacial dielectric discontinuity , de... | we study the distribution of multivalent counterions next to a dielectric slab , bearing a quenched , random distribution of charges on one of its solution interfaces , with a given mean and variance , both in the absence and in the presence of a bathing monovalent salt solution . we use the previously derived approach... |
1409.2609 | c | we have investigated the distribution of multivalent counterions close to a dielectric slab bearing a quenched , random distribution of monopolar surface charges on one of its solution interfaces with set mean value and variance , both in the absence and in the presence of an asymmetric coulomb fluid , comprised of a m... | we study the distribution of multivalent counterions next to a dielectric slab , bearing a quenched , random distribution of charges on one of its solution interfaces , with a given mean and variance , both in the absence and in the presence of a bathing monovalent salt solution . we use the previously derived approach... | we study the distribution of multivalent counterions next to a dielectric slab , bearing a quenched , random distribution of charges on one of its solution interfaces , with a given mean and variance , both in the absence and in the presence of a bathing monovalent salt solution . we use the previously derived approach... |
cond-mat0102270 | i | reaction rates controlled by collisions between diffusing particles depend on the distribution of distances between particles as well as on the density of particles . in particular , as noyes stated in 1961 _ any rigorous treatment of chemical kinetics in solution must consider concentration gradients that are establi... | we study the dynamics of diffusing particles in one space dimension with annihilation on collision and nucleation ( creation of particles ) with constant probability per unit time and length . the nucleation rate is proportional to the square of the steady - state density . for unpaired nucleation , and for paired nucl... | we study the dynamics of diffusing particles in one space dimension with annihilation on collision and nucleation ( creation of particles ) with constant probability per unit time and length . the cases of nucleation of single particles and nucleation in pairs are considered . a new method of analysis permits exact cal... |
astro-ph0501131 | i | binary stars play a fundamental role in the evolution of globular clusters for at least two important reasons . first , the evolution of stars in binaries , whether in a cluster or in the galactic field , can be very different from the evolution of the same stars in isolation . in a dense environment like a globular cl... | the _ maximum _ binary fraction today in the core of a typical dense cluster like 47 tuc , assuming an initial binary fraction of 100% , is only about 510% . binaries : close binaries : general methods :-body simulations globular clusters : general globular cluster : individual ( ngc 104 , 47 tucanae ) stellar dy... | we study the evolution of binary stars in globular clusters using a new monte carlo approach combining a population synthesis code ( startrack ) , and a simple treatment of dynamical interactions in the dense cluster core using a new tool for computing 3-body and 4-body interactions ( fewbody ) . we find that the combi... |
0901.0699 | i | we study a directed polymer model introduced by huse and henley ( in dimension @xmath0 ) @xcite with the purpose of investigating impurity - induced domain - wall roughening in the 2d - ising model . the first mathematical study of directed polymers in random environment was made by imbrie and spencer @xcite , and was ... | we study the free energy of the directed polymer in random environment model in dimension and . for dimension one + 2000 _ mathematics subject classification : 82d60 , 60k37 , 82b44 _ + + _ keywords : free energy , directed polymer , strong disorder , localization , fractional moment estimates , quenched disorder , c... | we study the free energy of the directed polymer in random environment model in dimension and . for dimension one , we improve the statement of comets and vargas in concerning very strong disorder by giving sharp estimates on the free energy at high temperature . in dimension two , we prove that very strong disorder ho... |
0804.0803 | i | the spectrum of an unobscured , radio - quiet ( rq ) agn in the energy band is best characterized by a single power - law continuum of the form @xmath8 , where @xmath2 , hereafter the photon index in the energy band , typically lies in the range @xmath71.52.5 . a corona of hot electrons is assumed to produce the hard-... | we study the hard- spectral properties of ten highly luminous radio - quiet ( rq ) active galactic nuclei ( agns ) at , including new observations of four of these sources . we find a significant correlation between the normalized accretion rate ( ) and the hard- photon index ( ) for 35 moderate high luminosity rq ... | we study the hard- spectral properties of ten highly luminous radio - quiet ( rq ) active galactic nuclei ( agns ) at , including new observations of four of these sources . we find a significant correlation between the normalized accretion rate ( ) and the hard- photon index ( ) for 35 moderate high luminosity rq ... |
0804.0803 | c | we present spectroscopy for five highly luminous rq agns at @xmath0 , with accurate fwhm(h@xmath9 ) measurements that allow determinations of their @xmath4 and @xmath1 values . analysis of the spectra provided measurements of the hard- photon index in the rest - frame 2kev band and @xmath5 . we have combined these... | we show that a measurement of and can provide an estimate of and black - hole ( bh ) mass ( ) with a mean uncertainty of a factor of 3 on the predicted values of these properties . we detect a significant compton - reflection continuum in two of our highly luminous sources , and in the stacked spectrum of seven other... | we study the hard- spectral properties of ten highly luminous radio - quiet ( rq ) active galactic nuclei ( agns ) at , including new observations of four of these sources . we find a significant correlation between the normalized accretion rate ( ) and the hard- photon index ( ) for 35 moderate high luminosity rq ... |
0809.2314 | i | under confinement in disordered mesoporous materials , the characteristic time scale for relaxation of a fluid can become extremely long . as a result , and although not always appreciated , equilibrium is often not attained and , accordingly , _ bona fide _ thermodynamic transitions such as the liquid - gas transition... | we study the influence of the relative size of the reservoir on the adsorption isotherms of a fluid in disordered or inhomogeneous mesoporous solids . we consider both an atomistic model of a fluid in a simple , yet structured pore , whose adsorption isotherms are computed by molecular simulation , and a coarse - grain... | we study the influence of the relative size of the reservoir on the adsorption isotherms of a fluid in disordered or inhomogeneous mesoporous solids . we consider both an atomistic model of a fluid in a simple , yet structured pore , whose adsorption isotherms are computed by molecular simulation , and a coarse - grain... |
astro-ph9908099 | i | galaxy interactions are likely to play a key role in determining the morphology and the structural properties of galaxies and in driving evolution at all epochs and in widely - varying environments . the importance of environmental conditions on the properties of populations of galaxies has been recognized for a long t... | we study the internal response of a galaxy to an unbound encounter and present a survey of orbital parameters covering typical encounters in different galactic environments . overall , we conclude that relatively weak encounters by low - mass interloping galaxies can cause observable distortions in the primaries any di... | we study the internal response of a galaxy to an unbound encounter and present a survey of orbital parameters covering typical encounters in different galactic environments . overall , we conclude that relatively weak encounters by low - mass interloping galaxies can cause observable distortions in the primaries . the ... |
1507.00082 | i | let @xmath2 be a convex closed smooth hyper - surface . we consider the following spherical radon transform @xmath3 of a function @xmath4 defined in @xmath5 @xmath6 here , @xmath7 is the sphere centered at @xmath8 of radius @xmath9 , and @xmath10 is its surface measure . this transform appears in several imaging modali... | we study the limited data problem of the spherical radon transform in two and three dimensional spaces with general acquisition surfaces . in such situations , we explicitly analyze a family of such inversion formulas , depending on a smoothing function that vanishes to order on the boundary of the acquisition surfaces... | we study the limited data problem of the spherical radon transform in two and three dimensional spaces with general acquisition surfaces . in such situations , it is known that the application of filtered - backprojection reconstruction formulas might generate added artifacts and degrade the quality of reconstructions ... |
1212.6689 | i | quasars are routinely used as background sources to study the gaseous phases of intervening objects via absorption - line diagnostics . these absorption lines have their origins both in _ intervening _ objects ( i.e. , foreground galaxies , inter - galactic medium ( igm ) , quasar host galaxies ) and in sources that ar... | we study the origin of absorption features on the blue side of the broad emission line of the large - separation lensed quasar sdss j1029 + 2623 at.197 . the quasar images , produced by a foreground cluster of galaxies , have a maximum separation angle of 22.5 . the large angular separation suggests that the sight - l... | we study the origin of absorption features on the blue side of the broad emission line of the large - separation lensed quasar sdss j1029 + 2623 at.197 . the quasar images , produced by a foreground cluster of galaxies , have a maximum separation angle of 22.5 . the large angular separation suggests that the sight - l... |
1212.6689 | c | in this section , we discuss the origin ( i.e. , intrinsic or intervening ) of the associated absorption lines ( [ sec4.1 ] ) , possible geometries toward images a and b ( [ sec4.2 ] ) , and models of single / multiple sight - line(s ) ( [ sec4.3 ] ) , respectively . while bals have high probability of being physic... | based on medium- and high - resolution spectroscopy of the two brightest images conducted at the subaru telescope , we find that each image has different intrinsic levels of absorptions , which can be attributed either to variability of absorption features over the time delay between the lensed images , 744 days , or ... | we study the origin of absorption features on the blue side of the broad emission line of the large - separation lensed quasar sdss j1029 + 2623 at.197 . the quasar images , produced by a foreground cluster of galaxies , have a maximum separation angle of 22.5 . the large angular separation suggests that the sight - l... |
1203.4233 | i | many x - ray sources ( xrss ) are inside globular clusters ( gcs ; e.g. heinke 2011 ) , but only five of them unambiguosly host a black hole ( bh ; maccarone et al . 2007 , hereafter m07 ; brassington et al . 2010 ; shih et al . 2010 ; maccarone et al . 2011 ; irwin et al . 2010 , hereafter i10 ; see king 2011 for an a... | we study the possibility that the very broad ( 1500 km s ) and luminous ( ) [ oiii ] line emission observed in the globular cluster rz 2109 might be explained with the photoionization of nova ejecta by the bright ( ) x - ray source hosted in the same globular cluster . we find that such scenario is plausible and expla... | we study the possibility that the very broad ( 1500 km s ) and luminous ( ) [ oiii ] line emission observed in the globular cluster rz 2109 might be explained with the photoionization of nova ejecta by the bright ( ) x - ray source hosted in the same globular cluster . we find that such scenario is plausible and expla... |
math0110081 | i | in this paper we continue the study of the q - analogue of the knizhnik zamolodchikov bernard ( qkzb ) equations on elliptic curves and their solutions initiated in @xcite . in @xcite , hypergeometric solutions of qkzb equations were introduced . in @xcite , the monodromy of hypergeometric solutions was calculated... | we study the properties of one - dimensional hypergeometric integral solutions of the-difference ( `` quantum '' ) analogue of the knizhnik zamolodchikov bernard equations on tori . we show that they also obey a difference kzb heat equation in the modular parameter , give formulae for modular transformations , and pr... | we study the properties of one - dimensional hypergeometric integral solutions of the-difference ( `` quantum '' ) analogue of the knizhnik zamolodchikov bernard equations on tori . we show that they also obey a difference kzb heat equation in the modular parameter , give formulae for modular transformations , and pr... |
1011.4846 | r | in the following we first discuss the correlations between the local galaxy densities @xmath109 and @xmath123 . we then investigate the colour - magnitude relation in bins of stellar mass and bins of local density , and show the behaviour of rest - frame colour @xmath6 and blue fraction of galaxies as a function of bot... | we compare the average rest - frame colour and fraction of blue galaxies in different local densities and at different stellar masses . we find a strong correlation between colour and stellar mass at all redshifts up to . we do not find a strong correlation between colour and local density , however , there may be evid... | we study the relationship between galaxy colour , stellar mass , and local galaxy density in a deep near - infrared imaging survey up to a redshift of using the goods nicmos survey ( gns ) . the gns is a deep near - infrared hubble space telescope survey imaging a total of 45 arcmin of the goods fields , reaching a ste... |
1011.4846 | i | in this study we investigate the influence of stellar mass and local density on galaxy rest - frame colour and the fraction of blue galaxies at redshifts between @xmath206 based on observational data from a deep hst @xmath25-band survey of unprecedented depth , the goods nicmos survey ( gns ) , reaching a stellar mass ... | we study the relationship between galaxy colour , stellar mass , and local galaxy density in a deep near - infrared imaging survey up to a redshift of using the goods nicmos survey ( gns ) . the gns is a deep near - infrared hubble space telescope survey imaging a total of 45 arcmin of the goods fields , reaching a ste... | we study the relationship between galaxy colour , stellar mass , and local galaxy density in a deep near - infrared imaging survey up to a redshift of using the goods nicmos survey ( gns ) . the gns is a deep near - infrared hubble space telescope survey imaging a total of 45 arcmin of the goods fields , reaching a ste... |
astro-ph0402617 | i | deep x - ray images of a patch of the sky show numerous x - ray sources , which mainly consist of a mixture of absorbed and unabsorbed active galactic nuclei ( agns ) . it is now recognized that these agns make up the bulk of what has been called the `` x - ray background '' . while normal galaxies , whose x - ray emis... | , 23 are within the wfpc2 fields . ten spectroscopic redshifts are available from the deep extragalactic evolutionary probe ( deep ) and canada - france redshift survey ( cfrs ) projects . is seen , suggestive of agn activity . the optical counterparts for the majority of the x - ray sources are bulge - dominated . | we summarize the multiwavelength properties of x - ray sources detected in the 80 ks xmm - newton observation of the groth - westphal strip , a contiguous strip of 28 hst wide - field planetary camera 2 ( wfpc2 ) images . among the x - ray sources detected in the xmm - newton field of view , 23 are within the wfpc2 fie... |
astro-ph0402617 | r | the 23 sources detected in our 80 ks xmm - newton observation of the gws are representative of the x - ray sources that contribute most to the `` cosmic x - ray background '' and many of them represent the regime which marks the peak of accretion onto smbhs in centers of galaxies . a dominant population in this field c... | we summarize the multiwavelength properties of x - ray sources detected in the 80 ks xmm - newton observation of the groth - westphal strip , a contiguous strip of 28 hst wide - field planetary camera 2 ( wfpc2 ) images . among the x - ray sources detected in the xmm - newton field of view nineteen sources have been de... | we summarize the multiwavelength properties of x - ray sources detected in the 80 ks xmm - newton observation of the groth - westphal strip , a contiguous strip of 28 hst wide - field planetary camera 2 ( wfpc2 ) images . among the x - ray sources detected in the xmm - newton field of view , 23 are within the wfpc2 fie... |
0912.1345 | c | we have used a monte - carlo radiative transfer code to model the spatial and frequency distribution of the @xmath0emission due to star formation in ( proto-)galaxies at the centre of dm halos with masses of @xmath12 to @xmath162 for a range of assumptions for the spatial distribution and the dynamical state of neutral... | we investigate the spatial and spectral distribution ofemission due to star - formation at the centre of dlas , and its dependence on the spatial and velocity structure of the gas . our model simultaneously reproduces the observed properties of dlas and the faintemitters , including the velocity width and column densit... | we use detailedradiative transfer calculations to further test the claim of rauch et al . ( 2008 ) that they have detected spatially extended faintemission from the elusive host population of dampedabsorption systems ( dlas ) in their recent ultra - deep spectroscopic survey . we investigate the spatial and spectral di... |
0706.0519 | i | in the local universe , most galactic nuclei harbor a supermassive black hole ( e.g. , * ? ? ? * ) . the mass of the black hole correlates with global properties of the host , such as the velocity dispersion and luminosity of the spheroidal ( or bulge ) component , indicating a connection between nuclear activity and g... | we use high resolution images obtained with the advanced camera for surveys on board the hubble space telescope to determine morphology , nuclear luminosity and structural parameters of the spheroidal component for a sample of 20 seyfert galaxies at . the offsets correspond to ( ) and ( ) , respectively for the m-l and... | we use high resolution images obtained with the advanced camera for surveys on board the hubble space telescope to determine morphology , nuclear luminosity and structural parameters of the spheroidal component for a sample of 20 seyfert galaxies at . we combine these measurements with spectroscopic information from th... |
0706.0519 | r | this section presents the main results of this paper . first in [ ssec : fp ] we discuss the fundamental plane of the host galaxies in comparison with that of normal quiescent galaxies , for the subsample of objects that have both @xmath3 and structural parameters . in [ ssec : ml ] we present the m@xmath1-l@xmath2... | we combine these measurements with spectroscopic information from the keck telescope ( paper i ) to determine the black hole mass - spheroid luminosity relation ( m-l ) , the fundamental plane ( fp ) of the host galaxies and the black hole mass - spheroid velocity dispersion relation ( m- ) . | we use high resolution images obtained with the advanced camera for surveys on board the hubble space telescope to determine morphology , nuclear luminosity and structural parameters of the spheroidal component for a sample of 20 seyfert galaxies at . we combine these measurements with spectroscopic information from th... |
0706.0519 | i | this paper is devoted to the study of the cosmic evolution of black holes and their host galaxies . to this aim we have performed a detailed analysis of a sample of 22 seyfert 1 galaxies at @xmath14 . the choice of this particular redshift and moderate luminosity agns allows us to derive precision measurements of the h... | a detailed analysis of known systematic errors and selection effects shows that they can not account for the observed offset . we conclude that the data are inconsistent with pure luminosity evolution and the existence of universal and tight scaling relations . in order to obey the three local scaling relations by ass... | we use high resolution images obtained with the advanced camera for surveys on board the hubble space telescope to determine morphology , nuclear luminosity and structural parameters of the spheroidal component for a sample of 20 seyfert galaxies at . we combine these measurements with spectroscopic information from th... |
astro-ph9708252 | i | a key part of measuring the hubble constant , @xmath9 is to look out far enough so that the bulk velocities of galaxies are trivial compared to the hubble flow itself . due to the virgo cluster infall pattern , observation of the unbiased hubble flow can only be contemplated at distances in excess of @xmath10 km s@xmat... | ( 1997 ) . the bcg globular cluster luminosity functions give distances essentially identical to the sbf results . using the velocities and sbf distances of the concordance of the present results with other recent determinations , and a review of theoretical treatments on perturbations in the near - field hubble flow ,... | we used _ hst _ to obtain surface brightness fluctuation ( sbf ) observations of four nearby brightest cluster galaxies ( bcg ) to calibrate the bcg hubble diagram of lauer & postman ( 1992 ) . this bcg hubble diagram contains 114 galaxies covering the full celestial sphere and is volume limited to 15,000 km s providin... |
astro-ph9708252 | c | we have used _ hst _ to obtain sbf distances to four bcg beyond 4,000 km s@xmath4 to calibrate the lauer & postman ( 1992 ) bcg hubble diagram , producing an estimate of the global value of @xmath6 valid on @xmath311,000 km s@xmath4 scales . this method gives @xmath180 and is based on the full lauer & postman ( 1994 ) ... | we used _ hst _ to obtain surface brightness fluctuation ( sbf ) observations of four nearby brightest cluster galaxies ( bcg ) to calibrate the bcg hubble diagram of lauer & postman ( 1992 ) . 1997 ) as extended to the wfpc2 f814w filter by ajhar et al . | we used _ hst _ to obtain surface brightness fluctuation ( sbf ) observations of four nearby brightest cluster galaxies ( bcg ) to calibrate the bcg hubble diagram of lauer & postman ( 1992 ) . this bcg hubble diagram contains 114 galaxies covering the full celestial sphere and is volume limited to 15,000 km s providin... |
1009.3927 | m | our approach is based on a variant of the impulse approximation for studying gravitational perturbations on systems . in some respects , our formalism has similarities to that of @xcite , who considered tidal interactions between stars as a means for forming close binaries . @xcite calculated the response of gas sphere... | such encounters are responsible for the formation of long tails and bridges of stars during galaxy collisions . for high - speed encounters , the traditional impulse approximation , however , does not distinguish between prograde and retrograde encounters , and therefore completely misses the resonant response . here ,... | when a spinning system experiences a transient gravitational encounter with an external perturber , a _ quasi - resonance _ occurs if the spin frequency of the victim matches the peak orbital frequency of the perturber . such encounters are responsible for the formation of long tails and bridges of stars during galaxy ... |
1508.02993 | i | a _ compression body _ is a compact , orientable , irreducible @xmath3-manifold @xmath4 with a distinguished ` exterior ' boundary component @xmath5 , such that the inclusion @xmath6 is a @xmath7-surjective . fixing a closed , orientable surface @xmath8 , an _ @xmath0-compression body _ is a pair @xmath9 where @xmath4 ... | when is a closed , orientable surface with genus , we show that the automorphism group of the compression body graph is the mapping class group . here , vertices are compression bodies with exterior boundary , and edges connect pairs of compression bodies where one contains the other . = 1 | when is a closed , orientable surface with genus , we show that the automorphism group of the compression body graph is the mapping class group . here , vertices are compression bodies with exterior boundary , and edges connect pairs of compression bodies where one contains the other . = 1 |
1703.07940 | i | most commonly used reinforcement learning ( rl ) algorithms store an estimate of what s known as the value function ( vf ) . the vf corresponds to a particular policy , and is a mapping from each state - action pair to a real value which reflects the amount of reward the agent will obtain starting from that state - act... | when using reinforcement learning ( rl ) algorithms to evaluate a policy it is common , given a large state space , to introduce some form of approximation architecture for the value function ( vf ) . the exact form of this architecture can have a significant effect on the accuracy of the vf estimate , however , and de... | when using reinforcement learning ( rl ) algorithms to evaluate a policy it is common , given a large state space , to introduce some form of approximation architecture for the value function ( vf ) . the exact form of this architecture can have a significant effect on the accuracy of the vf estimate , however , and de... |
cond-mat9807401 | i | study of the critical behaviour of the ising model has several attractions . on the one hand , the ising - like models are simple enough , which is of a special advantage in the statistical physics . on the other hand , in spite of their simplicity , such models show rich and interesting behaviour at the critical point... | within the massive field theoretical renormalization group approach the expressions for the- and- functions of the anisotropic-vector model are obtained for general space dimension in three - loop approximation . * key words : * critical phenomena , diluted spin systems , ising model , renormalization group . * pacs... | within the massive field theoretical renormalization group approach the expressions for the- and- functions of the anisotropic-vector model are obtained for general space dimension in three - loop approximation . resumming corresponding asymptotic series , critical exponents for the case of the weakly diluted quenched ... |
cond-mat9807401 | r | now we are going to apply the mathematical framework which was discussed in previous sections in order to obtain numerical characteristics of the critical behaviour of the weakly - diluted ising model in general dimensions . it was noted in the section 1 that the critical behaviour of the quenched weakly - diluted isin... | resumming corresponding asymptotic series , critical exponents for the case of the weakly diluted quenched ising model ( , ) , as well as estimates for the marginal order parameter component number of the weakly diluted quenched-vector model are calculated as functions of in the region . conclusions concerning the effe... | within the massive field theoretical renormalization group approach the expressions for the- and- functions of the anisotropic-vector model are obtained for general space dimension in three - loop approximation . resumming corresponding asymptotic series , critical exponents for the case of the weakly diluted quenched ... |
0912.4990 | i | cosmic rays ( crs ) up to @xmath5ev are most likely accelerated in galactic supernova remnant ( snr ) shocks via the diffusive shock acceleration ( dsa ) mechanism @xcite . this mechanism is believed to be highly non - linear , due to the expected coupling between the evolution of the thermal plasma , the crs , and the... | . this amplification may be due to plasma instabilities driven by shock - accelerated particles , or cosmic rays ( crs ) , as they propagate ahead of the shocks . one candidate process is the cosmic ray current - driven ( crcd ) instability ( bell 2004 ) , caused by the electric current of we find that additional ampl... | x - ray observations of synchrotron rims in supernova remnant ( snr ) shocks show evidence of efficient electron acceleration and strong magnetic field amplification ( a factor of between the upstream and downstream medium ) . this amplification may be due to plasma instabilities driven by shock - accelerated particles... |
0912.4990 | i | in this work we proposed a new plasma instability , the perpendicular current - driven instability ( pcdi ) , as a candidate to amplify magnetic fields due to crs diffusing in front of snr shocks . the pcdi consists of purely growing , compressional waves produced by the cr current , @xmath24 , perpendicular to the ini... | x - ray observations of synchrotron rims in supernova remnant ( snr ) shocks show evidence of efficient electron acceleration and strong magnetic field amplification ( a factor of between the upstream and downstream medium ) we find that , in regions close to the shock , pcdi grows on scales smaller than the scales of ... | x - ray observations of synchrotron rims in supernova remnant ( snr ) shocks show evidence of efficient electron acceleration and strong magnetic field amplification ( a factor of between the upstream and downstream medium ) . this amplification may be due to plasma instabilities driven by shock - accelerated particles... |
1006.0972 | r | in this section we discuss two important experimental issues . first , the scintillation factor in xenon @xmath1 is extremely important in interpreting results and yet is not well known . second , the channeling effect in dama / libra , again not well known , may change the location of the regions in wimp parameter sp... | * abstract * we consider the compatibility of dama / libra , cogent , xenon10 and xenon100 results for spin - independent ( si ) dark matter weakly interacting massive particles ( wimps ) , particularly at low masses ( gev ) , assuming a standard dark matter halo . xenon100 results are found to be insensitive to th... | * abstract * we consider the compatibility of dama / libra , cogent , xenon10 and xenon100 results for spin - independent ( si ) dark matter weakly interacting massive particles ( wimps ) , particularly at low masses ( gev ) , assuming a standard dark matter halo . the xenon bounds depend on the scintillation effic... |
1006.0972 | r | in figure [ fig : dama ] , we show the wimp masses and si cross - sections compatible with the dama modulation signal both with and without channeling included ; contours are shown for regions compatible at the 7@xmath2 , 5@xmath2 , 3@xmath2 , and 90% level ( in order from larger to smaller regions ) . for the channel... | we find the strongest bounds are from xenon10 , rather than xenon100 , due to the lower energy threshold . for reasonable choices of and for the case of si elastic scattering , xenon10 is incompatible with the dama / libra 3 region and severely constrains the 7 - 12 gev wimp mass region of interest published by the c... | * abstract * we consider the compatibility of dama / libra , cogent , xenon10 and xenon100 results for spin - independent ( si ) dark matter weakly interacting massive particles ( wimps ) , particularly at low masses ( gev ) , assuming a standard dark matter halo . the xenon bounds depend on the scintillation effic... |
1207.0660 | i | _ no - regret strategies _ are simple adaptive learning rules that recently received a lot of attention in the literature . in a repeated game , a player has a _ regret _ for an action if , loosely speaking , she could have obtained a greater average payoff had she played that action more often in the past . in the cou... | 1.2 potential based no - regret dynamics are shown to be related to fictitious play . roughly , these are-best reply dynamics where is the maximal regret , which vanishes with time . this allows for alternative and sometimes much shorter proofs of known results on convergence of no - regret dynamics to the set of nash ... | 1.2 potential based no - regret dynamics are shown to be related to fictitious play . roughly , these are-best reply dynamics where is the maximal regret , which vanishes with time . this allows for alternative and sometimes much shorter proofs of known results on convergence of no - regret dynamics to the set of nash ... |
cond-mat0501519 | i | the thermoelectric power , @xmath5 , of intermetallic compounds with cerium and ytterbium ions exhibits some characteristic features which allow the classification of these compounds . into several distinct groups.@xcite in the case of cerium ions , the thermopower of the compounds belonging to the first group ( type (... | 2ex the thermoelectric properties of intermetallic compounds with ce or yb ions are explained by the single - impurity anderson model which takes into account the crystal - field splitting of the 4_f _ ground - state multiplet , and assumes a strong coulomb repulsion which restricts the number of _ f _ electrons or ... | 2ex the thermoelectric properties of intermetallic compounds with ce or yb ions are explained by the single - impurity anderson model which takes into account the crystal - field splitting of the 4_f _ ground - state multiplet , and assumes a strong coulomb repulsion which restricts the number of _ f _ electrons or ... |
cond-mat0501519 | c | we have applied the single - impurity anderson model to the investigation of the temperature and pressure dependence of the thermopower of ce and yb intermetallics , and found that the crossovers between various fixed points explain the seemingly complicated temperature dependence of @xmath5 . the basic assumption of o... | , we obtain the phase diagram which agrees with the experimental data on cerusi , cecusi , cepdsi , and similar compounds . the evolution of the thermopower and the electrical resistance as a function of temperature , pressure or doping is explained in terms of the crossovers between various fixed points of the model a... | 2ex the thermoelectric properties of intermetallic compounds with ce or yb ions are explained by the single - impurity anderson model which takes into account the crystal - field splitting of the 4_f _ ground - state multiplet , and assumes a strong coulomb repulsion which restricts the number of _ f _ electrons or ... |
astro-ph0506291 | r | table 3 summarizes the mips photometric results for the twa . several stars in the association are known optical variables and we give the epoch of the start of the observations in the second column of the table . the 24 @xmath9 m , 70 @xmath9 m , and 160 @xmath9 m flux densities are given in units of milli - jansk... | high signal - to - noise 24 m photometry is presented for all of these stars , including 20 stars that were not detected by _ twa 7 also exhibits a strong 70 m excess that is a factor of 40 brighter than the stellar photosphere at this wavelength . at 70 m , an excess of similar magnitude is detected for twa 13 , ... | _ spitzer space telescope _ infrared measurements are presented for 24 members of the tw hydrae association ( twa ) . high signal - to - noise 24 m photometry is presented for all of these stars , including 20 stars that were not detected by _ iras_. among these 20 stars , only a single object , twa 7 , shows excess... |
astro-ph0506291 | c | the main result of the _ spitzer_-mips observations of the twa is to show that most stars in the association exhibit no evidence for circumstellar dust and that the 24 @xmath9 m data place severe limits on the presence of warm ( @xmath65 k ) dust within these systems . although the twa includes four remarkable ir - e... | for the 18 stars that failed to show measurable ir excesses , the sensitivity of the current 70 m observations does not rule out substantial cool excesses at levels 1040 above their stellar continua . the major new result of this study is the dramatic bimodal distribution found for the association in the form of exces... | _ spitzer space telescope _ infrared measurements are presented for 24 members of the tw hydrae association ( twa ) . high signal - to - noise 24 m photometry is presented for all of these stars , including 20 stars that were not detected by _ iras_. among these 20 stars , only a single object , twa 7 , shows excess... |
1409.1189 | c | we have analysed spectra of the low metallicity starforming galaxy _ phl 293b _ corresponding to four epochs obtained in four different combinations of telescopes and spectrographs , the sdss , vlt - uves , vlt-_x - shooter _ and wht - isis . we find moderate narrow absorption components in the balmer series blueshifte... | the lack of variability rules out transient phenomena like luminous blue variables or sn iin as the origin of the blue shifted absorptions of hi and feii . the evidence points to either a young and dense expanding supershell or a stationary cooling wind , in both cases driven by the young cluster wind . | _ x - shooter _ and isis wht spectra of the starforming galaxy _ phl 293b _ also known as _ a2228 - 00 _ and _ sdss j223036.79 - 000636.9 _ are presented in this paper . we find broad ( fwhm = 1000km / s ) and very broad ( fwzi = 4000km / s ) components in the balmer lines , narrow absorption components in the balm... |
gr-qc9603027 | i | three decades after the first exploratory steps were made @xcite canonical quantum gravity continues as a vigorous program of fundamental research . new life has been breathed into this field about a decade ago by ashtekar s discovery @xcite of a representation of general relativity in terms of new variables , which re... | this class consists of all the `` topological solutions '' which are associated with the bianchi type ix reduction of the chern - simons functional in ashtekar variables . we show how the saddle - points of the reduced chern - simons functional generate a complete basis of such integration contours and the associated s... | a class of exact solutions of the wheeler - dewitt equation for diagonal bianchi type ix cosmologies with cosmological constant is derived in the metric representation . this class consists of all the `` topological solutions '' which are associated with the bianchi type ix reduction of the chern - simons functional in... |
hep-ph0304223 | i | recently much interest is given for high - density qcd , especially for quark cooper - pair condensation phenomena at high - density quark matter ( called as color superconductivity ( csc ) ) , in connection with , e.g. , physics of heavy ion collisions and neutron stars @xcite . its mechanism is similar to the bcs the... | a coexistent phase of spin polarization and color superconductivity in high - density qcd is investigated using a self - consistent mean - field method at zero temperature . the axial - vector self - energy stemming from the fock exchange term of the one - gluon - exchange interaction has a central role to cause spin p... | a coexistent phase of spin polarization and color superconductivity in high - density qcd is investigated using a self - consistent mean - field method at zero temperature . the axial - vector self - energy stemming from the fock exchange term of the one - gluon - exchange interaction has a central role to cause spin p... |
1604.00873 | i | directed graphs ( digraphs ) are widely used to describe interactions in technological , biological , and social complex systems @xcite . a digraph is composed of vertices and arcs ( directed edges ) which link between vertices . for instance , the gene regulation system of a biological cell can be modeled as a digraph... | a directed graph ( digraph ) is formed by vertices and arcs ( directed edges ) from one vertex to another . the directed feedback vertex set problem aims at constructing a fvs of minimum cardinality . this is a fundamental cycle - constrained hard combinatorial optimization problem with wide practical applications . in... | a directed graph ( digraph ) is formed by vertices and arcs ( directed edges ) from one vertex to another . a feedback vertex set ( fvs ) is a set of vertices that contains at least one vertex of every directed cycle in this digraph . the directed feedback vertex set problem aims at constructing a fvs of minimum cardin... |
1307.0005 | i | new abelian gauge symmetries are arguably the simplest extensions of the standard model ( sm ) ( for a recent review , see @xcite ) . if sm fermions are charged under a new abelian @xmath7 , its couplings are strongly constrained by direct searches and especially by fcnc processes . the simplest and widely studied poss... | these are fermions charged under both and the sm , while all sm fermions are neutral under . we prove that only one operator contribute to the couplings between charged matter and on - shell gluons . we then make a complete phenomenological analysis of the scenario where the lightest fermion charged under is the dark m... | a general analysis is performed on the dimension - six operators mixing an almost hidden to the standard model ( sm ) , when the communicates with the sm via heavy mediators . these are fermions charged under both and the sm , while all sm fermions are neutral under . we classify the operators as a function of the gaug... |
nlin0602033 | c | besides its biological motivation , the model presented in this work exhibits interesting generic properties concerning pattern formation that are for the first time discussed within the scope of a specific model system . the homogeneous ion channel density distribution on the biomembrane may become unstable with respe... | it is shown that the homogeneous distribution of ion channels may become unstable to either a stationary or an oscillatory instability . the nonlinear behavior immediately above threshold of an oscillatory bifurcation occuring at finite wave number is analyzed in terms of amplitude equations . due to the conservation l... | a model of mobile , charged ion channels embedded in a biomembrane is investigated . the ion channels fluctuate between an opened and a closed state according to a simple two state reaction scheme whereas the total number of ion channels is a conserved quantity . local transport mechanisms suggest that the ion channel... |
astro-ph9803086 | i | one of the most promising source of gravitational waves is the coalescence of inspiralling compact binaries . the recent development of interferometric gravitational waves detectors ( _ e.g . geo600 , ligo , tama _ and _ virgo _ ) gives an important motivation for studying this problem . such a study requires a relativ... | a multi - domain spectral method for computing very high precision 3-d stellar models is presented . the relative numerical error reveals to be of the order of . it may be applied to a wider class of astrophysical problems such as the study of relativistic rotating stars too . | a multi - domain spectral method for computing very high precision 3-d stellar models is presented . the boundary of each domain is chosen in order to coincide with a physical discontinuity ( e.g. the star s surface ) . in addition , a regularization procedure is introduced to deal with the infinite derivatives on the ... |
0805.3577 | i | the @xmath14 reaction is one of the critical links in the @xmath15 and @xmath16 branches of the @xmath17chain of solar hydrogen burning [ 13 ] . the total capture rate determined by processes of this chain is sensitive to the cross section @xmath18 ( or the astrophysical @xmath0-factor @xmath3 ) for the @xmath19 reacti... | a new analysis of the precise experimental astrophysical-factors for the direct capture reaction [ b.s . the woods new estimates are obtained for theindirectly measured values of the asymptotic normalization constants ( the nuclear vertex constants ) for and as well as the astrophysical-factors at e 90 kev , including... | a new analysis of the precise experimental astrophysical-factors for the direct capture reaction [ b.s . nara singh et al . , phys.rev.lett . * 93 * ( 2004 ) 262503 ; d. bemmerer et al . , phys.rev.lett . * 97 * ( 2006 ) 122502 ; f.confortola et al . , phys.rev . * c 75 * ( 2007 ) 065803 and t.a.d.brown et al . , phys.... |
0805.3577 | c | the analysis of the experimental astrophysical @xmath0-factors , @xmath110 , for the @xmath19 reaction , which were precisely measured at energies @xmath11=92.9 - 1235 kev [ 610 ] , has been performed within the modified two - body potential approach proposed recently in ref.@xcite . the scrupulous quantitative analysi... | nara singh et al . , phys.rev.lett . , phys.rev.lett . , phys.rev . , phys.rev . * c 76 * ( 2007 ) 055801 ] populating to the ground and first excited states of is carried out based on the modified two - body potential approach in which the direct astrophysical-factor , , is expressed in terms of the asymptotic normali... | a new analysis of the precise experimental astrophysical-factors for the direct capture reaction [ b.s . nara singh et al . , phys.rev.lett . * 93 * ( 2004 ) 262503 ; d. bemmerer et al . , phys.rev.lett . * 97 * ( 2006 ) 122502 ; f.confortola et al . , phys.rev . * c 75 * ( 2007 ) 065803 and t.a.d.brown et al . , phys.... |
0911.2373 | i | the diffeomorphism invariance of einstein s theory of gravity is in an intimate relation with the fact that there is a significant redundancy in the representation of the true physical degrees of freedom . it can therefore be a great challenge to carry out a faithful investigation of dynamical processes even in case of... | the analytic setup is chosen such that our numerical method is capable to follow the time evolution even after the appearance of trapped surfaces , more importantly , until the true physical singularities are reached . using this framework , the gravitational collapse of various gravity - matter systems are investigate... | a new numerical framework , based on the use of a simple first order strongly hyperbolic evolution equations , is introduced and tested in case of-dimensional spherically symmetric gravitating systems . the analytic setup is chosen such that our numerical method is capable to follow the time evolution even after the ap... |
1101.0604 | c | we have proposed a novel scheme to probe the edge vortex excitations of chiral majorana fermion edge states realized in superconducting systems utilizing a flux qubit . to analyze the coupling we mapped the hamiltonian of the majorana edge states on the transverse - field ising model , so that the coupling between the ... | we show how a superconducting flux qubit attached to such a system couples to the two chiral edge modes via the disorder field of the ising model . due to this coupling , measuring the back - action of the edge states on the qubit allows to probe the properties of majorana edge modes . | a pair of counter - propagating majorana edge modes appears in chiral _ p_-wave superconductors and in other superconducting systems belonging to the same universality class . these modes can be described by an ising conformal field theory . we show how a superconducting flux qubit attached to such a system couples to ... |
0709.3625 | i | in the presence of a perpendicular magnetic field , the quasi - free charge carriers of a two - dimensional electron system ( 2des ) condense in equidistant and numerously degenerated landau levels @xcite . variations of the electrostatic potential locally shift the degeneracy and , therefore , cause the formation of l... | magnetotunneling spectroscopy is employed to investigate the small energy gaps which separate subsequent landau bands . the control on the fermi level permits to trace the anticrossings for varying magnetic fields . the band structure calculation predicts a magnetic shift of the band gaps on the scale of the cyclotron ... | a quantum hall system which is divided into two laterally coupled subsystems by means of a tunneling barrier exhibits a complex landau level dispersion . magnetotunneling spectroscopy is employed to investigate the small energy gaps which separate subsequent landau bands . the control on the fermi level permits to trac... |
0709.3625 | i | we have presented a gaas / algaas heterostructure which contains two laterally adjacent , field - induced quantum hall systems which are separated by a thin , epitaxially grown barrier . the structure includes a gate electrode in order to allow a detailed analysis of the landau band structure at the line junction for d... | a quantum hall system which is divided into two laterally coupled subsystems by means of a tunneling barrier exhibits a complex landau level dispersion . this effect is confirmed experimentally by a displacement of the conductance peaks on the axis of the filling factor . , conductance fluctuations occur at small magne... | a quantum hall system which is divided into two laterally coupled subsystems by means of a tunneling barrier exhibits a complex landau level dispersion . magnetotunneling spectroscopy is employed to investigate the small energy gaps which separate subsequent landau bands . the control on the fermi level permits to trac... |
1411.3054 | r | we numerically solve the continuum and bound state currents of an @xmath0 junction at finite magnetic fields , using the shell conduction approximation with the shell at a radius @xmath208 . temperature is set to @xmath209 in all calculations . from this point on , only @xmath31 subbands with @xmath58 are assumed to be... | a similar phase shift is observed in the continuum current of the junction . these have revealed , for example , fraunhofer oscillations of the critical current with respect to an externally applied out - of - plane magnetic field . for junction widths comparable to the-section coherence length , i.e. the narrow juncti... | a semiconductor nanowire based superconductor - normal - superconductor ( ) junction is modeled theoretically . a magnetic field is applied along the nanowire axis , parallel to the current . the bogoliubov - de gennes equations for andreev bound states are solved while considering the electronic subbands due to radial... |
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