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astro-ph0504168 | c | by performing the 2d - rhd simulations , we , for the first time , investigate the quasi - steady structure of the super - critical accretion flows around the black hole with particular attention being paid on the photon - trapping effects . we have obtained several new findings : \(1 ) the quasi - steady structure ... | the super - critical flow is composed of two parts : the disk region and the outflow regions above and below the disk . within the disk region the circular motion as well as the patchy density structure this implies that the black hole tends to grow up faster in the metal rich regions as in starburst galaxies or star -... | the quasi - steady structure of super - critical accretion flows around a black hole is studied based on the two - dimensional radiation - hydrodynamical ( 2d - rhd ) simulations . the super - critical flow is composed of two parts : the disk region and the outflow regions above and below the disk . within the disk reg... |
1702.07418 | r | vla observations from 1985 @xcite show a strong asymmetry in the shell at 21 cm , perhaps indicative of an external density gradient . the mean radius of the bright x - ray ring is about 2 pc , but with the east and west ears at about 2.2 pc @xcite . we neglect any possible gradient of ambient density in surrounding i... | snr g1.9 + 0.3 is the only known galactic snr with the increasing flux density and we present here the prediction that the flux density will start to decrease approximately 500 yr from now . we conclude that this is a general property of snrs in free expansion phase . | the radio evolution of , so far the youngest known , galactic supernova remnant ( snr ) g1.9 + 0.3 is investigated by using three - dimensional ( 3d ) hydrodynamic modelling and non - linear kinetic theory of cosmic ray ( cr ) acceleration in snrs . we include consistent numerical treatment of magnetic field amplificat... |
1702.07418 | c | the peculiar nature of radio evolution of the youngest known galactic snr g1.9 + 0.3 is modelled by using blasi non - linear kinetic theory of cr acceleration in snrs coupled with 3d hydrodynamics , simultaneously solved with the pluto code . we assume this snr originated from a type ia supernova ( sn ) explosion locat... | the radio evolution of , so far the youngest known , galactic supernova remnant ( snr ) g1.9 + 0.3 is investigated by using three - dimensional ( 3d ) hydrodynamic modelling and non - linear kinetic theory of cosmic ray ( cr ) acceleration in snrs . we include consistent numerical treatment of magnetic field amplificat... | the radio evolution of , so far the youngest known , galactic supernova remnant ( snr ) g1.9 + 0.3 is investigated by using three - dimensional ( 3d ) hydrodynamic modelling and non - linear kinetic theory of cosmic ray ( cr ) acceleration in snrs . we include consistent numerical treatment of magnetic field amplificat... |
1610.08779 | i | suppose we have a collection of units we want to rank by a certain feature of each unit : for example , we may wish to rank genes by the risk they cause of a particular condition ; we may wish to rank sportsmen by their success - rate at particular standardised trials ; we may wish to rank business opportunities by the... | this problem arises naturally in a number of contexts , such as business , where we may want to rank potential projects by profitability ; or science , where we may want to rank variables potentially associated with some trait by the strength of the association . there are a number of different approaches to this probl... | the ranking problem is to order a collection of units by some unobserved parameter , based on observations from the associated distribution . this problem arises naturally in a number of contexts , such as business , where we may want to rank potential projects by profitability ; or science , where we may want to rank ... |
0809.3805 | i | interest in the electromagnetic production of strangeness from few nucleon targets , such as the proton and the deuteron , dates back to the 1960 s @xcite , but it is comparatively recently that high quality data , suitable for quantitatively testing theoretical models , has become available @xcite . the strangeness de... | the reaction has been investigated over the center - of - momentum energy , , range from threshold up to 2.2 gev in a tree - level effective lagrangian model that incorporates most of the well - established baryon resonances with spins equal to or below . two different fits were obtained : one that incorporates su(3 ) ... | the reaction has been investigated over the center - of - momentum energy , , range from threshold up to 2.2 gev in a tree - level effective lagrangian model that incorporates most of the well - established baryon resonances with spins equal to or below . four less well - established nucleon resonances of higher mass a... |
1105.0593 | i | the discovery of neutrino mass has provided a wealth of information regarding the flavour structure of nature ( for reviews see @xcite ; for the latest global fit see @xcite ) . however , key questions regarding the neutrino sector remain unanswered and , in particular , the underlying mechanism responsible for neutr... | the recently proposed `` mini - seesaw mechanism '' combines naturally suppressed dirac and majorana masses to achieve light standard model neutrinos via a low - scale seesaw . a key feature of this approach is the presence of multiple light ( order gev ) sterile - neutrinos that mix with the standard model . in this w... | the recently proposed `` mini - seesaw mechanism '' combines naturally suppressed dirac and majorana masses to achieve light standard model neutrinos via a low - scale seesaw . a key feature of this approach is the presence of multiple light ( order gev ) sterile - neutrinos that mix with the standard model . in this w... |
astro-ph0209607 | c | an x - ray nucleus is detected in all the objects except for ngc 4550 and ngc 5866 . we test whether the detected x - ray sources are the high energy extension of the continuum source which powers the optical emission lines by examining the luminosity ratio @xmath6/@xmath15 . the h@xmath3 luminosities ( @xmath15 ) were... | the results of _ chandra _ snapshot observations of 11 liners ( low - ionization nuclear emission - line regions ) , three low - luminosity seyfert galaxies , and one -liner transition object are presented . our sample consists of all the objects with a flat or inverted spectrum compact radio core in the vla survey of ... | the results of _ chandra _ snapshot observations of 11 liners ( low - ionization nuclear emission - line regions ) , three low - luminosity seyfert galaxies , and one -liner transition object are presented . our sample consists of all the objects with a flat or inverted spectrum compact radio core in the vla survey of ... |
astro-ph0209607 | i | fourteen galaxies with a nuclear radio source having a flat or inverted spectrum have been observed with _ chandra _ with a typical exposure time of 2 ksec . an x - ray nucleus is detected in all but one object ( ngc 5866 ) . 11 galaxies have x - ray and h@xmath3 luminosities in good accord with the correlation known f... | we use the ratio(5 ghz)/ , where is the luminosity in the 210 kev band , as a measure of radio loudness . we investigate the values of for llagns , luminous seyfert galaxies , quasars and radio galaxies and confirm the suggestion that a large fraction of llagns are radio loud . | the results of _ chandra _ snapshot observations of 11 liners ( low - ionization nuclear emission - line regions ) , three low - luminosity seyfert galaxies , and one -liner transition object are presented . our sample consists of all the objects with a flat or inverted spectrum compact radio core in the vla survey of ... |
astro-ph0006018 | i | if the galactic dark halo were composed entirely of massive compact halo objects ( machos ) , the instantaneous probablity of microlensing ( the `` optical depth '' ) towards the large magellanic cloud ( lmc ) would have been @xmath15 ( pacznski 1986 ) . the most recent observational result for machos with masses up to... | the rotation curve is well fit by a truncated , finite - thickness exponential disk model with no dark halo , implying a total mass of 5.3 1.0 . our model does not include a nonvirialized component such as tidal debris . the instantaneous probability of microlensing from lmc stars in our model is , where is the di... | the rotation of the disk of the large magellanic cloud ( lmc ) is derived from the radial velocities of 422 carbon stars ( kunkel , irwin , & demers 1997 , a&as , 122 , 463 ) . new aspects of this analysis include the propagation of uncertainties in the lmc proper motion with a monte carlo , and a self - consistent mod... |
astro-ph0006018 | c | the rotation of the disk of the lmc has been derived from the radial velocities of 422 carbon stars ( kunkel , irwin , & demers 1997 ) . we have propogated the uncertainty in the lmc space motion to the lmc rotation curve with a monte carlo calculation . the associated disk velocity dispersions found in each rotating d... | the rotation of the disk of the large magellanic cloud ( lmc ) is derived from the radial velocities of 422 carbon stars ( kunkel , irwin , & demers 1997 , a&as , 122 , 463 ) . we have constructed a truncated and flared maximal disk model for the lmc which is kinematically based . | the rotation of the disk of the large magellanic cloud ( lmc ) is derived from the radial velocities of 422 carbon stars ( kunkel , irwin , & demers 1997 , a&as , 122 , 463 ) . new aspects of this analysis include the propagation of uncertainties in the lmc proper motion with a monte carlo , and a self - consistent mod... |
0909.0522 | i | the first metrics one typically encounters in the study of general relativity are the minkowski spacetime metric and the schwarzschild spacetime metric , the latter given by @xmath0 where @xmath1 is the time coordinate , @xmath2 are spatial coordinates , and @xmath3 is some positive number . this represents the exterio... | the schwarzschild spacetime metric of negative mass is well - known to contain a naked singularity . in a spacelike slice , we develop a theory of such `` zero area singularities '' in riemannian manifolds , generalizing far beyond the schwarzschild case ( for example , allowing the singularities to have nontrivial top... | the schwarzschild spacetime metric of negative mass is well - known to contain a naked singularity . in a spacelike slice , this singularity of the metric is characterized by the property that nearby surfaces have arbitrarily small area . we develop a theory of such `` zero area singularities '' in riemannian manifolds... |
0909.0522 | c | the essence of this paper was to associate a quantity `` mass '' to the class of zero area singularities . the primary application of the theory was to estimate the adm mass of an asymptotically flat manifold of nonnegative scalar curvature in terms of the masses of its singularities . in 1997 , the first author , j... | the main result of this paper is a lower bound on the adm mass of an asymptotically flat manifold of nonnegative scalar curvature in terms of the masses of its singularities , assuming a certain conjecture in conformal geometry . * authorship remarks * most of the definitions and results of this paper were the work of ... | the schwarzschild spacetime metric of negative mass is well - known to contain a naked singularity . in a spacelike slice , this singularity of the metric is characterized by the property that nearby surfaces have arbitrarily small area . we develop a theory of such `` zero area singularities '' in riemannian manifolds... |
1009.5997 | i | in the years since @xcite first proposed a two component structure to the milky way disk , a large body of observational work has provided supporting evidence for contrasting thin and thick disk attributes . structurally , the thin disk scale height is shorter than thick disk scale height ( for reviews see * ? ? ? * ; ... | the separation of the milky way disk into a thin and thick component is supported by differences in the spatial , kinematic and metallicity distributions of their stars . these differences have lead to the predominant view that the thick disk formed early via a cataclysmic event and constitutes fossil evidence of the h... | the separation of the milky way disk into a thin and thick component is supported by differences in the spatial , kinematic and metallicity distributions of their stars . these differences have lead to the predominant view that the thick disk formed early via a cataclysmic event and constitutes fossil evidence of the h... |
1603.06885 | i | redshift surveys and weak lensing maps are two powerful and independent tools for tracing the matter distribution in the universe . approaches to combining these two powerful tools are developing rapidly as dense redshift surveys access the intermediate redshift universe and as weak lensing maps become increasingly ext... | both fields are more than 94% complete to a galactic extinction corrected r = 20.2 . here we describe the redshift survey of the f1 field centered at r.a. = 00.3 and decl. = 12 ; like f2 , the f1 field covers deg . we compare the mass metallicity relation and the distributions of d as a function of stellar mass and red... | the shels ( smithsonian hectospec lensing survey ) is a complete redshift survey covering two well - separated fields ( f1 and f2 ) of the deep lens survey . both fields are more than 94% complete to a galactic extinction corrected r = 20.2 . here we describe the redshift survey of the f1 field centered at r.a. = 00.3 ... |
1603.06885 | c | the shels project covers two widely separated 4 square degree fields of the deep lens survey . these fields include 16,055 redshifts and they are both @xmath61 94% complete to an extinction corrected r@xmath0 = 20.2 . other surveys covering comparable areas to the same apparent magnitude limit are sparser and/or color ... | the seemingly surprising 31 - 38% difference in the overall galaxy counts in f1 and f2 is probably consistent with the expected cosmic variance given the subtleties of the relative systematics in the two surveys . we also review the deep lens survey cluster detections in the two fields : poorer photometric data for f1 ... | the shels ( smithsonian hectospec lensing survey ) is a complete redshift survey covering two well - separated fields ( f1 and f2 ) of the deep lens survey . both fields are more than 94% complete to a galactic extinction corrected r = 20.2 . here we describe the redshift survey of the f1 field centered at r.a. = 00.3 ... |
cond-mat0406221 | i | we have discussed the spin - dependent transport in a resonant tunneling structure with ferromagnetic multi - terminal under dc and ac fields by means of the nonequilibrium green function technique . the general formulation of the time - dependent spintronic transport in this structure in the presence of ac and dc fiel... | the spin - dependent transport of the electrons tunneling through a resonant tunneling structure with ferromagnetic multi - terminal under dc and ac fields is explored by means of the nonequilibrium green function technique . a general formulation for the time - dependent current and the time - averaged current is esta... | the spin - dependent transport of the electrons tunneling through a resonant tunneling structure with ferromagnetic multi - terminal under dc and ac fields is explored by means of the nonequilibrium green function technique . a general formulation for the time - dependent current and the time - averaged current is esta... |
cond-mat0312378 | i | recently , the coexistence of ferromagnetism and superconductivity has been observed in a number of materials , including , uge@xmath0,@xcite urhge,@xcite and zrzn@xmath0.@xcite the experiments so far have ascertained the presence of bulk superconductivity , and various thermodynamic and transport properties have been ... | the split superconducting transition of up - spin and down - spin electrons on the background of ferromagnetism is studied within the framework of a recent model that describes the coexistence of ferromagnetism and superconductivity induced by magnetic fluctuations . this conclusion is discussed in relation to experime... | the split superconducting transition of up - spin and down - spin electrons on the background of ferromagnetism is studied within the framework of a recent model that describes the coexistence of ferromagnetism and superconductivity induced by magnetic fluctuations . it is shown that one generically expects the two tra... |
cond-mat0312378 | c | let us further discuss several aspects of our theory and its implications . first , we consider in more detail our results regarding the magnetic susceptibility . in a normal conducting ferromagnetic phase , the transverse spin susceptibility is soft , displaying ferromagnetic magnons with a quadratic dispersion relati... | it is shown that one generically expects the two transitions to be close to one another . it is also shown that the magnetic goldstone modes acquire an interesting structure in the superconducting phase , which can be used as an experimental tool to probe the origin of the superconductivity . | the split superconducting transition of up - spin and down - spin electrons on the background of ferromagnetism is studied within the framework of a recent model that describes the coexistence of ferromagnetism and superconductivity induced by magnetic fluctuations . it is shown that one generically expects the two tra... |
1304.5902 | c | the comparison with the considered molecular - line and dust - continuum studies of galactic mc complexes demonstrates the applicability of a statistical approach to derive the clmf presented in paper i. the results on fitting the observational clmf through our model are summarized in table [ table_fit ] . they are obt... | the slope of the intermediate - mass clmf is shallow and nearly constant ( ) while the high - mass part is fitted by models that imply gravitationally unstable clumps and exhibit slopes in a broader range ( ) , centered at the value of the stellar initial mass function ( ) . | the statistical approach for derivation of the clump mass function ( clmf ) developed by donkov , veltchev & klessen is put to observational test through comparison with mass distributions of clumps from molecular emission and dust continuum maps of galactic cloud complexes , obtained by various authors . the results i... |
astro-ph9805284 | i | the pegasus dwarf irregular galaxy ( dig ) was first identified by a. wilson ( see holmberg 1958 ) and its status as a nearby dwarf was confirmed only with the detection of hi by fisher & tully ( 1975 ) . despite its small size , pegasus supports ongoing star formation as evidenced by the presence of luminous blue star... | the stellar population of the pegasus dwarf irregular galaxy is investigated in images taken in the f439w ( b ) , f555w ( v ) , and f814w ( i ) bands with the wide field planetary camera 2 ( wfpc2 ) on the _ hubble space telescope_. with wfpc2 the pegasus dwarf is highly resolved into individual stars to limiting magni... | the stellar population of the pegasus dwarf irregular galaxy is investigated in images taken in the f439w ( b ) , f555w ( v ) , and f814w ( i ) bands with the wide field planetary camera 2 ( wfpc2 ) on the _ hubble space telescope_. with wfpc2 the pegasus dwarf is highly resolved into individual stars to limiting magni... |
1512.08989 | i | optomechanical systems , which are based on the interaction between optical and mechanical degrees of freedom , are currently under intense research focus @xcite . much of the interest in these systems is due to their ability to access quantum mechanics at more macroscopic scales than ever before . for example , a majo... | the subject of optomechanics involves interactions between optical and mechanical degrees of freedom , and is currently of great interest as an enabler of fundamental investigations in quantum mechanics , as well as a platform for ultrasensitive measurement devices . subsequently , we will introduce optomechanical syst... | the subject of optomechanics involves interactions between optical and mechanical degrees of freedom , and is currently of great interest as an enabler of fundamental investigations in quantum mechanics , as well as a platform for ultrasensitive measurement devices . the majority of optomechanical configurations rely o... |
astro-ph9610082 | c | new tf and fp measurements for the cluster a2634 and coma give compatible results for the relative distance and peculiar velocity of the two clusters . contrary to the findings of l91a , the peculiar velocity of a2634 with respect to the cmb reference frame is unlikely to exceed a few @xmath49 @xmath2 , and extremely u... | the tully - fisher ( tf ) and fundamental plane ( fp ) relations are used to obtain two independent estimates of the relative distance between the clusters a2634 and coma . previously published studies of a2634 showed a large discrepancy between the distance estimates obtained with the tf and the d relations , questio... | the tully - fisher ( tf ) and fundamental plane ( fp ) relations are used to obtain two independent estimates of the relative distance between the clusters a2634 and coma . previously published studies of a2634 showed a large discrepancy between the distance estimates obtained with the tf and the d relations , questio... |
1304.4457 | c | we have emphasized that the uhf wave function can be written as a spin - contaminated _ pair _ wave function of the apsg form . the overlap of the alpha and beta corresponding orbitals of the uhf solution can be taken as a proxy for the strength of the correlation captured by breaking symmetry . as a function of distan... | the uhf wave function may be written as a spin - contaminated _ pair _ wave function of the apsg form , and the overlap of the alpha and beta corresponding orbitals of the uhf solution can be taken as a proxy for the strength of the correlation captured by breaking symmetry . we demonstrate this with calculations on on... | the uhf wave function may be written as a spin - contaminated _ pair _ wave function of the apsg form , and the overlap of the alpha and beta corresponding orbitals of the uhf solution can be taken as a proxy for the strength of the correlation captured by breaking symmetry . we demonstrate this with calculations on on... |
0912.1731 | i | lets consider that @xmath0 is a compact riemann surface . then we can define a green s function with respect to a metric and a divisor on @xmath0 . suppose that @xmath1 is a hyperbolic 3 - manifold with infinite volume and having compact riemann surfaces @xmath2 as its conformal boundaries at infinity . also choose a g... | the work is motivated by a result of manin in , which relates the arakelov green function on a compact riemann surface to configurations of geodesics in a 3-dimensional hyperbolic handlebody with schottky uniformization , having the riemann surface as conformal boundary at infinity . a natural question is to what exten... | the work is motivated by a result of manin in , which relates the arakelov green function on a compact riemann surface to configurations of geodesics in a 3-dimensional hyperbolic handlebody with schottky uniformization , having the riemann surface as conformal boundary at infinity . a natural question is to what exten... |
1011.4684 | i | the @xmath0-bigraded toda hierarchy , denoted by @xmath0-bth , is an integrable system ( see e.g. @xcite ) , and its lax operator is given by @xmath6 where @xmath7 , @xmath8 is a shift operator which can be expressed as an infinite matrix in the form , @xmath9 . in terms of an infinite size matrix , the lax operator @x... | the-bigraded toda hierarchy is an extension of the original toda lattice hierarchy . the pair of numbers represents the band structure of the lax matrix which has upper and lower diagonals , and the original one is referred to as the-bigraded toda hierarchy . because of this band structure , one can introduce commuting... | the-bigraded toda hierarchy is an extension of the original toda lattice hierarchy . the pair of numbers represents the band structure of the lax matrix which has upper and lower diagonals , and the original one is referred to as the-bigraded toda hierarchy . because of this band structure , one can introduce commuting... |
1011.4684 | c | [ sec : conclusion ] we proved the equivalence between @xmath0-bth and @xmath5-bth , derived the primary hirota equations of the @xmath0-bth , and found several explicit formulas about solutions for the bth using orthogonal polynomials in the matrix form . we also constructed some rational solutions of the bth which ar... | we also discuss the solution structure of the-bigraded toda equation in terms of the moment matrix defined via the wave operators associated with the lax operator , and construct some of the explicit solutions . in particular , we give the rational solutions which are expressed by the products of the schur polynomials ... | the-bigraded toda hierarchy is an extension of the original toda lattice hierarchy . the pair of numbers represents the band structure of the lax matrix which has upper and lower diagonals , and the original one is referred to as the-bigraded toda hierarchy . because of this band structure , one can introduce commuting... |
1512.00942 | i | ideal magnetohydrodynamics ( mhd ) , that reliable workhorse of plasma physics , has long been cast into noncanonical hamiltonian form @xcite . so has the theory from which it is usually derived , the two - fluid model @xcite . there are many advantages to a hamiltonian form : the discovery and classification of invari... | there are several plasma models intermediate in complexity between ideal magnetohydrodynamics ( mhd ) and two - fluid theory , with hall and extended mhd being two important examples . in this paper we investigate several aspects of these theories , with the ultimate goal of deriving the noncanonical poisson brackets u... | there are several plasma models intermediate in complexity between ideal magnetohydrodynamics ( mhd ) and two - fluid theory , with hall and extended mhd being two important examples . in this paper we investigate several aspects of these theories , with the ultimate goal of deriving the noncanonical poisson brackets u... |
1512.00942 | c | we have accomplished many things in the course of deriving the noncanonical brackets for hall and extended mhd . the need for canonical momenta to serve as the backbone of the brackets led to actions for both theories : first the tangent - space ones and , then the phase - space ones and . essential to the actions were... | we present fully lagrangian actions for each , as opposed to the fully eulerian , or mixed eulerian - lagrangian , actions that have appeared previously . as an important step in this process we exhibit each theory s two advected fluxes ( in analogy to ideal mhd s advected magnetic flux ) , discovering also that with t... | there are several plasma models intermediate in complexity between ideal magnetohydrodynamics ( mhd ) and two - fluid theory , with hall and extended mhd being two important examples . in this paper we investigate several aspects of these theories , with the ultimate goal of deriving the noncanonical poisson brackets u... |
cond-mat0211554 | i | in this work we studied the effects of fano interference and aharonov - bohm phase on the diagonal and off - diagonal transport coefficients in an ab ring with an embedded quantum dot in the kondo regime . the transport properties shows crossover behavior from a high - temperature regime with no kondo correlation to a ... | thermoelectric effects are studied in an aharonov - bohm ( ab ) interferometer with an embedded quantum dot in the kondo regime . the sign and magnitude of thermopower can be modulated by the ab flux and the direct tunneling amplitude . in addition , the thermopower is anomalously enhanced by the kondo correlation in t... | thermoelectric effects are studied in an aharonov - bohm ( ab ) interferometer with an embedded quantum dot in the kondo regime . the ab flux - dependent transmission probability has an asymmetrical shape arising from the fano interference between the direct tunneling path and the kondo - resonant tunneling path throug... |
0806.0695 | i | the atacama large millimeter array ( alma ) is one of the largest ground - based astronomy projects of the next decade , which will revolutionize several fields of astronomy . a large community of scientists is expected to use alma to tackle several outstanding questions in astrophysics . however , mm / submm astronomy... | these lecture notes provide an introduction to mm / submm extragalactic astronomy , focused on agn studies , with the final goal of preparing students to their future exploitation of the alma capabilities . i first provide an overview of the current results obtained through mm / submm observations of galaxies and agns ... | these lecture notes provide an introduction to mm / submm extragalactic astronomy , focused on agn studies , with the final goal of preparing students to their future exploitation of the alma capabilities . i first provide an overview of the current results obtained through mm / submm observations of galaxies and agns ... |
1012.3589 | i | when a high - energy physics experiment enters the phase of data collection and analysis , the daily tasks of its postgraduate students are often centred not around the particle physics theories one is trying to test but rather on statistical methods . these methods are the tools needed to compare data with theory and ... | these lectures concern two topics that are becoming increasingly important in the analysis of high energy physics ( hep ) data : bayesian statistics and multivariate methods . in the bayesian approach in particular we will look at a method that has gained popularity in hep in recent years : the boosted decision tree ( ... | these lectures concern two topics that are becoming increasingly important in the analysis of high energy physics ( hep ) data : bayesian statistics and multivariate methods . in the bayesian approach we extend the interpretation of probability to cover not only the frequency of repeatable outcomes but also to include ... |
astro-ph9612216 | c | we use the new eros microlensing survey data - set of 3 million two - color observations of about 500 cepheids in the lmc and smc to search for and derive the dependence of the optical pl relations on metallicity . we find that : + ( 1 ) the pl relations for both types of cepheids have the same zero - point offset ( b... | our main result concerns the determination of distances to galaxies which are inferred by using the lmc as a base and using two color photometry to establish the amount of reddening . we attribute the color and the zero - point offset to the difference in metallicity between the smc and lmc cepheids . when applied to r... | this is an investigation of the period - luminosity relation of classical cepheids in samples of different metallicity . it is based on 481 cepheids in the large and small magellanic clouds from the blue and red filter ccd observations ( most similar to & ) of the french eros microlensing project . the data - set is co... |
astro-ph9605082 | i | two of the most constraining observed properties of active galactic nuclei ( agn ) are their large luminosities over a broad range of energies ( @xmath1-ray through infrared ) and their rapid variability ( implying a small source size unless the emission is highly beamed ) . the inferred large energy densities have led... | if photons emitted at a primary " waveband are absorbed by nearby material and reprocessed " to produce emission at a secondary waveband , causality arguments require that variations in the secondary band follow those in the primary band . the tight interband correlation and limits on the ultraviolet and medium energ... | this paper combines data from the three preceding papers in order to analyze the multi - waveband variability and spectral energy distribution of the seyfert 1 galaxy ngc 4151 during the december 1993 monitoring campaign . the source , which was near its peak historical brightness , showed strong , correlated variabi... |
astro-ph9605082 | c | these results have important implications for models that attempt to explain the ultraviolet emission from agn . there are currently two broad classes of such models . the first hypothesizes that the bulk of the ultraviolet luminosity is produced internally by viscosity in the inner regions of an accretion disk surroun... | the source , which was near its peak historical brightness , showed strong , correlated variability at x - ray , ultraviolet , and optical wavelengths . the strongest variations were seen in medium energy (.5 kev ) x - rays , with a normalized variability amplitude ( nva ) of 24% . the nva decreased from 9% to 1% as t... | this paper combines data from the three preceding papers in order to analyze the multi - waveband variability and spectral energy distribution of the seyfert 1 galaxy ngc 4151 during the december 1993 monitoring campaign . the source , which was near its peak historical brightness , showed strong , correlated variabi... |
1404.2670 | i | many recent survey articles on the challenges of achieving exascale computing identify three issues to be overcome : exploiting massive parallelism , reducing energy usage and , in particular , coping with run - time failures @xcite . faults are an issue at peta / exa - scale due to the increasing number of components... | the approach is novel for two reasons , first it provides several levels in which one can exploit parallelism leading towards massively parallel implementations , and second , it provides algorithm - based fault tolerance so that solutions can still be recovered if failures occur during computation . we present a gener... | this paper continues to develop a fault tolerant extension of the sparse grid combination technique recently proposed in [ b. harding and m. hegland , _ anziam j. _ , 54 ( ctac2012 ) , pp . c394c411 ] . the approach is novel for two reasons , first it provides several levels in which one can exploit parallelism le... |
1404.2670 | c | a generalisation of the sparse grid combination technique has been presented . from this generalisation a fault tolerant combination technique has been proposed which significantly reduces recovery times at the expense of some upfront overhead and reduced solution accuracy . theoretical bounds on the expected error and... | this paper continues to develop a fault tolerant extension of the sparse grid combination technique recently proposed in [ b. harding and m. hegland , _ anziam j. _ , 54 ( ctac2012 ) , pp . c394c411 ] . numerical experiments on the scalar advection pde demonstrate that the algorithm is resilient to faults on a rea... | this paper continues to develop a fault tolerant extension of the sparse grid combination technique recently proposed in [ b. harding and m. hegland , _ anziam j. _ , 54 ( ctac2012 ) , pp . c394c411 ] . the approach is novel for two reasons , first it provides several levels in which one can exploit parallelism le... |
1512.05669 | i | the relationship between mathematics and physics at a basic level is of much interest to many . it was most clearly raised some time ago by wigner in a paper on `` the unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics in the natural sciences '' @xcite . this work resulted in much discussion about the relationship @xcite . ther... | this paper describes the effects of a complex scalar scaling field on quantum mechanics . the field origin is an extension of the gauge freedom for basis choice in gauge theories to the underlying scalar field . the extension is based on the idea that the value of a number at one space time point does not determine the... | this paper describes the effects of a complex scalar scaling field on quantum mechanics . the field origin is an extension of the gauge freedom for basis choice in gauge theories to the underlying scalar field . the extension is based on the idea that the value of a number at one space time point does not determine the... |
1512.05669 | c | the are many aspects of number scaling and the effects of scaling fields on quantum mechanics that should be discussed . one is the use of a complex number value structure as separate from the different scaled representation structures . this is done to make clear the distinction between number and number value . howev... | the lack of physical evidence for the presence of this field so far means that the coupling constant of this field to fermions is very small . it also means that the gradient of the field must be very small in a local region of cosmological space and time . outside this region there are no restrictions on the field gra... | this paper describes the effects of a complex scalar scaling field on quantum mechanics . the field origin is an extension of the gauge freedom for basis choice in gauge theories to the underlying scalar field . the extension is based on the idea that the value of a number at one space time point does not determine the... |
1507.07385 | r | this section presents the experimental results of the two - dimensional measurement setup described in section [ sec : experimental_setup ] . the first subsection presents the far - field spatial cross - correlation function of the rss signals and estimate the spread of these spatial correlations . we then determine th... | we experimentally and theoretically show that rss measurements are cross - correlated over a minimum distance that approaches the diffraction limit , which equals half the mean wavelength of the radiation . our experiments show that measuring rss beyond a sampling density of one sample per half the mean wavelength does... | this paper experimentally and theoretically investigates the fundamental bounds on radio localization precision of far - field received signal strength ( rss ) measurements . rss measurements are proportional to power - flow measurements time - averaged over periods long compared to the coherence time of the radiation ... |
astro-ph0007103 | i | considering the fact that the majority of ( spiral ) galaxies is not completely isolated but located in an environment which enables repeated close encounters or even merging processes with small companions it seems to be meaningful to systematically investigate the properties of galaxies affected by such processes . t... | surface photometry of the optical and near infrared data of a sample of 110 highly - inclined / edge - on disk galaxies are presented . this sample consists of two subsamples of 61 non - interacting galaxies ( control sample ) and of 49 interacting galaxies / minor merging candidates . additionally , 41 of these galaxi... | this paper is the first part in our series on the influence of tidal interactions and minor mergers on the radial and vertical disk structure of spiral galaxies . we report on the sample selection , our observations , and data reduction . surface photometry of the optical and near infrared data of a sample of 110 highl... |
astro-ph0007103 | i | optical and near infrared photometric data of a sample of 110 highly - inclined / edge - on disk galaxies are presented . this sample consists of two subsamples of 61 non - interacting galaxies and 49 minor merging candidates . additionally , 41 of these galaxies were observed in the near infrared . the sample selec... | this paper is the first part in our series on the influence of tidal interactions and minor mergers on the radial and vertical disk structure of spiral galaxies . we report on the sample selection , our observations , and data reduction . we show that the distribution of morphological types of both subsamples is almost... | this paper is the first part in our series on the influence of tidal interactions and minor mergers on the radial and vertical disk structure of spiral galaxies . we report on the sample selection , our observations , and data reduction . surface photometry of the optical and near infrared data of a sample of 110 highl... |
0908.3447 | i | since the early stages of quantitative nonlinear sciences , numerous conceptual approaches have been introduced for studying the characteristic features of dynamical systems based on observational time series @xcite . popular methods that are increasingly used in a variety of applications ( see , for example , @xcite )... | this paper presents a new approach for analysing structural properties of time series from complex systems . starting from the concept of recurrences in phase space a critical comparison of these recurrence networks with similar existing techniques is presented , revealing strong conceptual benefits of the new approach... | this paper presents a new approach for analysing structural properties of time series from complex systems . starting from the concept of recurrences in phase space , the recurrence matrix of a time series is interpreted as the adjacency matrix of an associated complex network which links different points in time if th... |
astro-ph9806178 | c | we have studied the nature of the ionized gas that dominates the @xmath0 cma sight - line . there appears to be two distinct components ( named c and d ) with ionization fractions greater than 40% and 90% respectively . constraints have been derived for the depletion which are similar to those for the warm diffuse ga... | + special models of photoionization by the two euv - excess stars cma and cma would be needed for a detailed discussion of the ionizing mechanisms of the clouds ; their ionization ratios are nevertheless roughly compatible with collisional ionization at temperatures around 20000 k , substantially higher than the kinet... | this paper presents the study of the interstellar medium toward cma , a disk sight - line known for its low neutral gas density . this study uses high and medium resolution hst - ghrs spectra including lines from the following species : hi , di , ni , oi , sii , siii , siii , siiii , siiv , alii , aliii , feii , mgi ,... |
1302.6682 | i | a detailed picture of multiplicity is an essential element to understanding low - mass stars and brown dwarfs . binary systems present an opportunity to determine model - independent dynamical masses when both astrometry and radial velocity data are available . systems so characterized may then become part of the found... | this paper revisits a sample of ultracool dwarfs in the solar neighborhood previously observed with the hubble space telescope s nicmos nic1 instrument . this was found to deliver a dramatic improvement over earlier analysis methods , permitting a search for companions down to projected separations of au on nic1 snapsh... | this paper revisits a sample of ultracool dwarfs in the solar neighborhood previously observed with the hubble space telescope s nicmos nic1 instrument . we have applied a novel high angular resolution data analysis technique based on the extraction and fitting of kernel phases to archival data . this was found to deli... |
1302.6682 | m | this study focuses on two samples of ultracool dwarfs , observed with the hst / nicmos nic1 camera , and whose properties were reported by @xcite and @xcite . each target was observed in two filters : f110w and f170 m , which correspond loosely to the astronomical @xmath5 and @xmath6 bands . these differ in that the @x... | we have applied a novel high angular resolution data analysis technique based on the extraction and fitting of kernel phases to archival data . , we report a binary fraction of at least . the results reported here provide new insights into the population of nearby ultracool binaries , while also offering an incisive ca... | this paper revisits a sample of ultracool dwarfs in the solar neighborhood previously observed with the hubble space telescope s nicmos nic1 instrument . we have applied a novel high angular resolution data analysis technique based on the extraction and fitting of kernel phases to archival data . this was found to deli... |
1201.0578 | i | the claim that an isolated ( closed ) macroscopic system evolves to the thermal equilibrium state lies in the very basis of the statistical mechanics . the question about the precise meaning of this statement for classical and quantum systems arises for every student studying the university course of statistical mechan... | comments describing its motivations , background ideas and results are presented as well . this paper addressed to the problem of approach to the thermal equilibrium in an isolated macroscopic quantum system , which was studied on the example of the quantum chain of weakly interacting harmonic oscillators . in the init... | this preprint contains the english translation of the paper `` relaxation dynamics of a quantum chain of harmonic oscillators '' , which was published by the author in 1980 in the ukrainian physical journal . comments describing its motivations , background ideas and results are presented as well . this paper addressed... |
0709.3685 | i | the spin degree of freedom of a localized particle , e.g. , an electron or nucleus , is a popular carrier of quantum information . it serves as a qubit which can be manipulated in order to accomplish a computational task . the spin of electrons localized in quantum dots ( qds ) or by donor atoms has been the subject of... | _ pure_-spin dynamics is obtained by tracing out the orbital degrees of freedom , whereas _ pseudo_-spin dynamics retains ( as is conventional ) an implicit coordinate dependence . we show that magnetic field inhomogeneity and spin - orbit interaction result in a non - unitary evolution in _ pure_-spin model . rev . re... | this work is a sequel to our work the spin density matrix i : general theory and exact master equations ( eprint cond - mat/0708.0644 ) . here we compare _ pure_- and _ pseudo_-spin dynamics using as an example a system of two quantum dots , a pair of localized conduction - band electrons in an-doped gaas semiconducto... |
0904.1376 | c | many examples of the interference of resonances , discussed in this paper , are rather simple . they , nevertheless , allow us to demonstrate various features , inherent also in more general and complicated cases . that is why we are now able to formulate a number of sufficiently general conclusions . * interference of... | we collect data on the search for rare decay modes of well - known resonances that demonstrate a wide variety of possible different manifestations of interference . some special kinds of resonance interference , . the interference may give useful experimental procedures to search for new resonances with arbitrary quant... | though the phenomenon of quantum - mechanical interference has been known for many years , it still has many open questions . the present review discusses specifically how the interference of resonances may and does work . we collect data on the search for rare decay modes of well - known resonances that demonstrate a ... |
1205.3775 | i | linear wave propagation in homogeneous porous media saturated with a viscothermal fluid such as ambient air , has been the subject of extensive research . traditionally , for the case when the wavelength is large compared to the pore size , it has been described on the basis of the so - called two - scale asymptotic ho... | the paper starts with a construction analysis of the models ( and ) . in particular , a so - far overlooked decay length describing a high - frequency attenuation - without - distortion effect is identified in terms of brown s tortuosity , johnson s and allard s known characteristic viscous and thermal lengths , and tw... | time domain responses of porous media have been studied by some authors , but generally the possible descriptions are given in the frequency domain . the aim of this paper , limited to materials with rigid skeleton considered as equivalent fluids , is to compare in time domain different descriptions by johnson - allard... |
hep-th0506023 | c | in this paper we have examined and extended the utility of the weyl ansatz through the construction of an associated weyl card diagram . weyl coordinates are an excellent choice for clearly understanding geometric features and so drawing the card diagram is useful . the card diagram conveniently captures most of the in... | to capture important physical properties of a spacetime we construct a new diagram , the card diagram , which accurately draws generalized weyl spacetimes in arbitrary dimensions by encoding their global spacetime structure , singularities , horizons , and some aspects of causal structure including null infinity . fami... | to capture important physical properties of a spacetime we construct a new diagram , the card diagram , which accurately draws generalized weyl spacetimes in arbitrary dimensions by encoding their global spacetime structure , singularities , horizons , and some aspects of causal structure including null infinity . card... |
1608.02624 | i | the c@xmath0h radical ( ethynyl ) is an intermediate of significant importance in the chemistry of hydrocarbon combustion , particularly in acetylene - air mixtures.@xcite it is also related to the substituted ethynyl species which are the crucial intermediates in the hydrogen abstraction - acetylene addition ( haca ) ... | transient diode laser absorption spectroscopy has been used to measure three strong vibronic bands in the near infrared spectrum of the ch , ethynyl , radical not previously observed in the gas phase . . phys _ * 119 * , 12878 ( 2003 ) and _ mol . phys_. * 102 * , 2167 ( 2004 ) ) , the vibronic character of these level... | transient diode laser absorption spectroscopy has been used to measure three strong vibronic bands in the near infrared spectrum of the ch , ethynyl , radical not previously observed in the gas phase . the radical was produced by ultraviolet excimer laser photolysis of either acetylene or ( 1,1,1)-trifluoropropyne in a... |
1608.02624 | c | previously , there have been no reported gas phase measurements of c@xmath6h in the 6700 @xmath40 and 7100 @xmath58 regions studied here . however , the origins determined for all three bands identified and assigned are in good agreement with the calculated values from tarroni et al . @xcite compared to the earlier mat... | the upper states include a state at 6696 , a second state at 7088 , and a state at 7110 . by comparison with published calculations ( r. tarroni and s. carter , _ j. chem kinetic measurements of the time - evolution of the ground state populations following collisional relaxation and reactive loss of the radicals forme... | transient diode laser absorption spectroscopy has been used to measure three strong vibronic bands in the near infrared spectrum of the ch , ethynyl , radical not previously observed in the gas phase . the radical was produced by ultraviolet excimer laser photolysis of either acetylene or ( 1,1,1)-trifluoropropyne in a... |
cond-mat0308516 | r | as it was mentioned in introduction , adiabatic tunnel dissipative transfer appears to be very important in various physical and chemical processes @xcite-@xcite . it is of much interest to consider two - particle tunnel dissipative transfer of coupled charges . for example , a two - proton transfer can be characterize... | we show that the use of the proposed model is justified by a comparison with realistic potential energy surfaces of porphyrin and experimental dependence of the reaction rate on temperature . the proposed theory allows for the explanation of experimental data on quantum fluctuations in two - proton tunneling in porphyr... | two - particle tunneling in synchronous and asynchronous regimes is studied in the framework of dissipative quantum tunneling . we show that the use of the proposed model is justified by a comparison with realistic potential energy surfaces of porphyrin and experimental dependence of the reaction rate on temperature . ... |
astro-ph9802045 | i | the vast majority of the free electrons in the ism of the milky way reside in a thick ( @xmath9 900-pc scale height ) diffuse layer known as the reynolds layer or the warm ionized medium ( e.g. reynolds 1993 ) . this phase fills about 20% of the ism volume , with a local midplane density of about 0.1 @xmath10 . such a ... | the first reveals variations parallel to the major axis in emission line ratios in the halo gas at pc . the results highlight difficulties inherent in observations of edge - on galaxies caused by lack of knowledge of structure in the in - plane directions . the [ oiii ] emission probably arises from shocks , turbulent ... | two long - slit spectra of the diffuse ionized gas in ngc 891 are presented . the first reveals variations parallel to the major axis in emission line ratios in the halo gas at pc . it is found that filaments of h emission show lower values of [ nii]/h , [ sii]/h and [ oi]/h . although this result is expected if the fi... |
astro-ph9802045 | r | the h@xmath1 , [ n@xmath2ii ] , and [ s@xmath2ii ] lines were detected along the entire useable slit length , which corresponds to about 15 kpc at the assumed distance of ngc 891 . reliable parameters could be measured over a 13 kpc region . [ o@xmath2i ] is detected from about 3 kpc sw of the peak in continuum emissio... | it is found that filaments of h emission show lower values of [ nii]/h , [ sii]/h and [ oi]/h . although this result is expected if the filaments represent the walls of evacuated chimneys , it merely reflects a more general correlation of these ratios with h surface brightness along the slit , and may simply arise from... | two long - slit spectra of the diffuse ionized gas in ngc 891 are presented . the first reveals variations parallel to the major axis in emission line ratios in the halo gas at pc . it is found that filaments of h emission show lower values of [ nii]/h , [ sii]/h and [ oi]/h . although this result is expected if the fi... |
astro-ph9802045 | c | using a slit oriented parallel to , and offset 700 pc above , the major axis of ngc 891 , a spectrum of the dig has been taken which reveals a clear correlation of ratios of forbidden lines to h@xmath1 with the h@xmath1 surface brightness . the original motivation for this observation was to search for variations in li... | two long - slit spectra of the diffuse ionized gas in ngc 891 are presented . halo regions showing low line ratios are probably relatively close to ionizing sources in the disk below . values of [ oi]/h indicate that h is 8095% ionized ( assuming k ) , with the higher ionization fractions correlating with higher surfac... | two long - slit spectra of the diffuse ionized gas in ngc 891 are presented . the first reveals variations parallel to the major axis in emission line ratios in the halo gas at pc . it is found that filaments of h emission show lower values of [ nii]/h , [ sii]/h and [ oi]/h . although this result is expected if the fi... |
1411.0716 | i | high - precision parameter estimation is fundamental throughout science . quite generally , a number of probe particles are prepared , then subjected to an evolution which depends on the quantity of interest , and finally measured . from the measurement results an estimate is then extracted . when the particles are cla... | under ideal conditions , quantum metrology promises a precision gain over classical techniques scaling quadratically with the number of probe particles . at the same time , no - go results have shown that generic , uncorrelated noise limits the quantum advantage to a constant factor . in frequency estimation scenarios ... | under ideal conditions , quantum metrology promises a precision gain over classical techniques scaling quadratically with the number of probe particles . at the same time , no - go results have shown that generic , uncorrelated noise limits the quantum advantage to a constant factor . in frequency estimation scenarios ... |
0910.4618 | i | recent developments in technology have significantly reduced the cost of producing and distributing content in various forms such as images , sounds , videos , and text . once produced only by companies with a large capital , content can now be produced by end - users . in today s internet - based social communities , ... | user - generated content can be distributed at a low cost using peer - to - peer ( p2p ) networks , but the free - rider problem hinders the utilization of p2p networks . in order to achieve an efficient use of p2p networks , we investigate fundamental issues on incentives in content production and sharing using game t... | user - generated content can be distributed at a low cost using peer - to - peer ( p2p ) networks , but the free - rider problem hinders the utilization of p2p networks . in order to achieve an efficient use of p2p networks , we investigate fundamental issues on incentives in content production and sharing using game t... |
1505.01614 | i | polymer brushes are organic surface layers formed by polymer chains that are grafted at one end to a substrate @xcite . since the thickness of brush layers is typically in the nanometer range , they are interesting for the design of functional surfaces @xcite with applications in a wide variety of areas ranging from co... | first , they renormalize the excluded volume interaction parameter inside the brush . the properties of the brushes can be reproduced by self - consistent field theory if one replaces by an effective parameter , where the ratio of second virial coefficients depends on the range of monomer interactions , but not on the ... | using a combination of analytical theory , monte carlo simulations , and three dimensional self - consistent field calculations , we study the equilibrium properties and the switching behavior of adsorption - active polymer chains included in a homopolymer brush . the switching transition is driven by a conformational ... |
1505.01614 | c | to summarize , we have investigated in detail conformational properties and phase transition behavior of a type of stimuli - responsive polymer materials using particle - based monte carlo simulations and continuum - based 3-dimensional self - consistent field theory . this type of stimuli - responsive materials is des... | using a combination of analytical theory , monte carlo simulations , and three dimensional self - consistent field calculations , we study the equilibrium properties and the switching behavior of adsorption - active polymer chains included in a homopolymer brush . the switching transition is driven by a conformational ... | using a combination of analytical theory , monte carlo simulations , and three dimensional self - consistent field calculations , we study the equilibrium properties and the switching behavior of adsorption - active polymer chains included in a homopolymer brush . the switching transition is driven by a conformational ... |
1703.01097 | i | the nasa spacecraft _ kepler _ @xcite has provided photometric time - series of unprecedented quality for solar - type and red - giant stars , and asteroseismic analysis of these data have led to remarkable results as reviewed by . the asteroseismic analysis allows for a determination of the evolutionary stage of evolv... | the oscillation parameters show that these stars are helium - core - burning red giants . based on the global oscillation parameters , we present initial theoretical stellar modeling which indicate that we can constrain convective - core overshoot on the main sequence and in the helium - burning phase for thesem stars ... | using data from the nasa spacecraft _ kepler _ , we study solar - like oscillations in red - giant stars in the open cluster ngc6811 . we determine oscillation frequencies , frequency separations , period spacings of mixed modes and mode visibilities for eight cluster giants . the oscillation parameters show that these... |
0908.1391 | i | a massive object in orbital motion suffers from orbital decay due to a negative torque caused by gravitational interaction with its own gravitationally induced wake created in the background medium . this process , commonly referred to as dynamical friction ( df ) , occurs in not only collisionless environments ( e.g. ... | we model the perturber as a plummer potential with softening radius , and run various models with differing and by imposing cylindrical symmetry with respect to the line of perturber motion . for supersonic cases , we find that the detached shock distance and the nonlinear drag force depend solely on such that and for ... | using high - resolution , two - dimensional hydrodynamic simulations , we investigate nonlinear gravitational responses of gas to , and the resulting drag force on , a very massive perturber moving at velocity through a uniform gaseous medium of adiabatic sound speed . we model the perturber as a plummer potential with... |
0908.1391 | i | df of bodies orbiting in a gaseous medium is of great importance in various astronomical systems ranging from protoplanetary disks to galaxy clusters . in previous analytic studies of df , it has been assumed that the mass of a moving object is small enough for the induced density wake to have low amplitudes and be thu... | using high - resolution , two - dimensional hydrodynamic simulations , we investigate nonlinear gravitational responses of gas to , and the resulting drag force on , a very massive perturber moving at velocity through a uniform gaseous medium of adiabatic sound speed . a massive perturber quickly develops nonlinear flo... | using high - resolution , two - dimensional hydrodynamic simulations , we investigate nonlinear gravitational responses of gas to , and the resulting drag force on , a very massive perturber moving at velocity through a uniform gaseous medium of adiabatic sound speed . we model the perturber as a plummer potential with... |
0910.0540 | r | we discovered 13 irac mid - infrared outflows . their coordinates and figure reference are list in table [ tab1 ] . the likely exciting sources for these outflows and their lada classes are given in table [ tab2 ] . note that iras 16293 - 2422 is classified as a class 0 source based on its bolometric temperature @xci... | , we detected 13 new outflows in the ophiuchi molecular cloud that have not been previously observed in optical or near - infrared . in addition , at the positions of previously observed hh objects or near - infrared emission , we detected 31 mid - infrared outflows , among which seven correspond to previously observed... | using the irac images from the _ spitzer c2d _ program , we have made a survey of mid - infrared outflows in the ophiuchi molecular cloud . extended objects that have prominent emission in irac channel 2 ( 4.5 ) compared to irac channel 1 ( 3.6 ) and stand out as green objects in the three - color images ( 3.6 in blue... |
astro-ph0703083 | i | cataclysmic variables ( cvs ) are short - period , semi - detached binary systems consisting of an accreting white dwarf ( wd ) star ( the primary ) and a low - mass main - sequence star ( the secondary ) as the roche lobe - filling mass donor @xcite . in non magnetic cv systems , the mass is accreted by means of an ac... | v794 aql was observed with the hubble space telescope / space telescope imaging spectrograph ( _ hst_/stis ) on august 28 , 2003 , and with the far ultraviolet spectroscopic explorer ( _ fuse _ ) on may 13 , 2004 . in both observations v794 inspection of the existing archival _ we present here a spectral analysis of th... | v794 aql was observed with the hubble space telescope / space telescope imaging spectrograph ( _ hst_/stis ) on august 28 , 2003 , and with the far ultraviolet spectroscopic explorer ( _ fuse _ ) on may 13 , 2004 . in both observations v794 aql was found in a relatively high state with the same flux level . the _ fuse ... |
astro-ph0703083 | r | we first tried a single white dwarf model , then an accretion disk alone , and then a combination of both for the _ fuse _ spectrum alone , then for the _ hst_/stis spectrum alone and then for the combined _ fuse _ + _ hst/_stis spectrum . . we note that if we do not deredden the observed spectra , they are basically i... | overall , we find that the model fits are in much better agreement with the dereddened spectra when e(b - v ) is large , as excess emission in the longer wavelengths render the slope of the observed spectra almost impossible to fit , unless e(b - v)=0.2 . for a the best fit is an accretion disk with a mass accretion... | v794 aql was observed with the hubble space telescope / space telescope imaging spectrograph ( _ hst_/stis ) on august 28 , 2003 , and with the far ultraviolet spectroscopic explorer ( _ fuse _ ) on may 13 , 2004 . in both observations v794 aql was found in a relatively high state with the same flux level . the _ fuse ... |
1204.1969 | r | @xmath122{fig6a.eps } & \begin{minipage}{10 cm } \vspace{-13.7 cm } \includegraphics[angle=0,scale=0.9]{fig6b.eps } \end{minipage } \end{array}$ ] for a first , qualitative interpretation ( sect . [ sec : photocenter ] ) of the gas kinematics , we derive the photocenter displacement of the... | we derive the density of the line - emitting gas (m ) . given that our measurements can be reproduced with a keplerian velocity field without outflowing velocity component and the non - detection of age - indicating spectroscopic diagnostics , our study provides new evidence for the pre - main - sequence nature of v921... | v921scorpii is a close binary system ( separation 0.025 ) showing the b[e]-phenomenon . the system is surrounded by an enigmatic bipolar nebula , which might have been shaped by episodic mass - loss events , possibly triggered by dynamical interactions between the companion and the circumprimary disk . in this paper , ... |
1204.1969 | c | in this paper , we have investigated the milliarcsecond - scale environment around the b[e ] star v921sco and constrained the spatial distribution and kinematics of ionized hydrogen gas in the system with a spectral resolution up to @xmath9 . we summarize our findings as follows : * our @xmath54- and @xmath42-band c... | v921scorpii is a close binary system ( separation 0.025 ) showing the b[e]-phenomenon . we combine , for the first time , infrared spectro - interferometry ( vlti / amber , ) and spectro - astrometry ( vlt / crires , ) , which allows us to study the au - scale distribution of circumstellar gas and dust with an unpreced... | v921scorpii is a close binary system ( separation 0.025 ) showing the b[e]-phenomenon . the system is surrounded by an enigmatic bipolar nebula , which might have been shaped by episodic mass - loss events , possibly triggered by dynamical interactions between the companion and the circumprimary disk . in this paper , ... |
math0609399 | i | consider a collection of vectors @xmath0 in @xmath1 and construct from these vectors a broken line in a natural way : a @xmath2-th edge of the broken line is represented by the vector @xmath3 . construct another broken line starting at the same point as the initial one by taking the same vectors in the order @xmath4 , ... | various problems of geometry , topology and dynamical systems on surfaces as well as some questions concerning one - dimensional dynamical systems lead to the study of closed surfaces endowed with a flat metric with several cone - type singularities . in an important particular case , when the flat metric has trivial h... | various problems of geometry , topology and dynamical systems on surfaces as well as some questions concerning one - dimensional dynamical systems lead to the study of closed surfaces endowed with a flat metric with several cone - type singularities . in an important particular case , when the flat metric has trivial h... |
1701.07158 | i | image restoration , including image denoising , deblurring , inpainting , computed tomography , etc . , is one of the most important areas in imaging science . it aims at recovering an image of high - quality from a given measurement which is degraded during the process of imaging , acquisition , and communication . an... | wavelet frame systems are known to be effective in capturing singularities from noisy and degraded images . in this paper finally , numerical results on image inpainting and deblurring show that the proposed model is compared favorably against several popular image restoration models . image restoration , ( tight ) ... | wavelet frame systems are known to be effective in capturing singularities from noisy and degraded images . in this paper , we introduce a new edge driven wavelet frame model for image restoration by approximating images as piecewise smooth functions . with an implicit representation of image singularities sets , the p... |
1701.07158 | c | in this paper , we proposed a new edge driven wavelet frame based image restoration model by approximating images as piecewise smooth functions . the proposed model inflicts different strength of regularization in smooth image regions and near image singularities such as edges , and actively regularize image singularit... | , we introduce a new edge driven wavelet frame model for image restoration by approximating images as piecewise smooth functions . with an implicit representation of image singularities sets , the proposed model inflicts different strength of regularization on smooth and singular image regions and edges . the proposed ... | wavelet frame systems are known to be effective in capturing singularities from noisy and degraded images . in this paper , we introduce a new edge driven wavelet frame model for image restoration by approximating images as piecewise smooth functions . with an implicit representation of image singularities sets , the p... |
1106.4293 | i | real - world data such as those obtained from neuroscience , chemometrics , data mining or sensor - rich environments are often extremely high - dimensional , severely underconstrained ( few data samples compared to the dimensionality of the data ) and interspersed with a large number of irrelevant or redundant feature... | we address the issue of variable selection in the regression model with very high ambient dimension , that is , when the number of variables is very large . the main focus is on the situation where the number of relevant variables , called intrinsic dimension , is much smaller than the ambient dimension . without assu... | we address the issue of variable selection in the regression model with very high ambient dimension , that is , when the number of variables is very large . the main focus is on the situation where the number of relevant variables , called intrinsic dimension , is much smaller than the ambient dimension . without assu... |
1011.4449 | r | on average , the theoretical spectra fit the data better for @xmath1 than for @xmath0 ( on average , the reduced @xmath78 is 1.3 times larger at @xmath0 than at @xmath1 , with a standard deviation of 0.3 ) . note that some of the differences between the data and the best - fit models are not due to the metallicity choi... | we estimate the ages and masses of the clusters from the best fit model spectra , and find that the ages derived from the semi - empirical and theoretical models agree within a factor of 1.2 on average . a comparison of the spectroscopic age estimates with values derived from _ field regions in the starburst lack p - c... | we analyze archival _ hst_/stis / fuv - mama imaging and spectroscopy of 13 compact star clusters within the circumnuclear starburst region of m83 , the closest such example . we compare the observed spectra with semi - empirical models , which are based on an empirical library of galactic o and b stars observed with _... |
1011.4449 | i | we estimated the ages , reddenings , and masses of 13 clusters within the circumnuclear starburst of m83 , the nearest such example , based on _ hst_/stis / fuv - mama imaging and spectroscopy , and _ hst_/wfc3/uvis photometry . we derived four ages for each cluster . the first two ages were obtained by fitting the uv ... | the clusters have a range of ages from about 3 to 20myr , and do not appear to have an age gradient along m83 s starburst . clusters with strong p - cygni profiles have masses of a fewm , seem to have formed stars more massive thanm , and are consistent with a kroupa imf fromm . | we analyze archival _ hst_/stis / fuv - mama imaging and spectroscopy of 13 compact star clusters within the circumnuclear starburst region of m83 , the closest such example . we compare the observed spectra with semi - empirical models , which are based on an empirical library of galactic o and b stars observed with _... |
0707.0036 | c | in this paper we have considered the conditions for the violation of the bell inequality in the chsh form@xcite for the entangled pairs of solid - state qubits , when instead of the rotation of optical polarizers ( detectors ) we have to rotate the states of two qubits before the measurement , which itself is always pe... | we analyze conditions for violation of the bell inequality in the clauser - horne - shimony - holt form , focusing on the josephson phase qubits . a special attention is paid to configurations of the qubit measurement directions in the pseudospin space lying within either horizontal or vertical planes ; these configura... | we analyze conditions for violation of the bell inequality in the clauser - horne - shimony - holt form , focusing on the josephson phase qubits . we start the analysis with maximum violation in the ideal case , and then take into account the effects of the local measurement errors and decoherence . a special attention... |
cond-mat9805023 | i | classical brownian motion is described by the langevin equation @xmath1 where @xmath2 is the position of the particle , @xmath3 is the friction coefficient , and @xmath4 is a stochastic force . this equation is meaningful only in a statistical sense . the time evolution of a phase space distribution @xmath5 is obtained... | . using wigner picture of the dynamics we distinguish between two different mechanisms for destruction of coherence : scattering perturbative mechanism and smearing non - perturbative mechanism . is also pointed out . it is interesting that the dephasing rate can be either larger or smaller than the dissipation rate , ... | we analyze quantal brownian motion in dimensions using the unified model for diffusion localization and dissipation , and feynman - vernon formalism . at high temperatures the propagator possess a markovian property and we can write down an equivalent master equation . unlike the case of the zwanzig - caldeira - legget... |
0807.4147 | i | phenomenological approaches to quantum gravity have recently started to develop in parallel with the more traditional attempts to construct such a theory from first principles . in particular , increasing attention has focused on the consideration that maybe lorentz invariance is not a fundamental law , but an effectiv... | in particular , at every moment of the collapse , there is a critical frequency above which no horizon is experienced . we show that , as a consequence , the late - time radiation suffers strong modifications , both quantitative and qualitative , compared to the standard hawking picture . concretely , we show that the ... | we analyze the hawking radiation process due to collapsing configurations in the presence of superluminal modifications of the dispersion relation . with such superluminal dispersion relations , the horizon effectively becomes a frequency - dependent concept . in particular , at every moment of the collapse , there is ... |
math-ph9904013 | i | we consider , for arbitrary but fixed @xmath5 @xmath6 the reaction diffusion problem @xmath7 for @xmath8 @xmath9 with initial conditions @xmath10 @xmath11 satisfying @xmath12 the choice of the initial time @xmath13 and a class of initial conditions @xmath14 @xmath15 will be described later on , but for the purpose of ... | we analyze the long time behavior of initial value problems that model a process where particles of type and diffuse in some substratum and react according to the case has been studied before ; it presents nontrivial behavior on the reactive scale only . in this paper we discuss in detail the cases and prove that they ... | we analyze the long time behavior of initial value problems that model a process where particles of type and diffuse in some substratum and react according to the case has been studied before ; it presents nontrivial behavior on the reactive scale only . in this paper we discuss in detail the cases and prove that they ... |
astro-ph0509127 | i | molecular cloud complexes ( or `` giant molecular clouds '' , gmcs ) are some of the most studied objects in the interstellar medium ( ism ) of the galaxy . yet , their formation mechanism and the origin of their physical conditions remain uncertain ( see , e.g. , * ? ? ? * ; * ? ? ? in particular , gmcs are known to h... | the inflows into the sheets produce line profiles with a central line of width and broad wings of width . being the result of the inflows rather than of turbulence , these linewidths do not imply excessively short lifetimes for the sheets . at later times , the destabilization mechanism appears to be the nonlinear thin... | we analyze the scenario of molecular cloud formation by large - scale supersonic compressions in the diffuse warm neutral medium ( wnm ) . during the early stages of this process , a shocked layer forms , and within it , a thin cold layer . an analytical model and high - resolution 1d simulations predict the thermodyna... |
astro-ph0509127 | i | in this paper we have studied the process of cloud formation by large - scale stream collisions in the wnm , presenting a simple analytical study of the initial stages , and numerical simulations of the whole process . the analytical model and high - resolution 1d simulations show that thin sheets of cold neutral mediu... | we analyze the scenario of molecular cloud formation by large - scale supersonic compressions in the diffuse warm neutral medium ( wnm ) . during the early stages of this process , a shocked layer forms , and within it , a thin cold layer . an analytical model and high - resolution 1d simulations predict the thermodyna... | we analyze the scenario of molecular cloud formation by large - scale supersonic compressions in the diffuse warm neutral medium ( wnm ) . during the early stages of this process , a shocked layer forms , and within it , a thin cold layer . an analytical model and high - resolution 1d simulations predict the thermodyna... |
hep-th0208070 | i | supersymmetric field theories have many remarkable properties . in many cases , special quantities like the superpotential are holomorphic functions of the fields . the holomorphy makes it possible to obtain exact information about the theory . in many different types of theories , one can compute the exact spectrum of... | we analyze the spectrum of the supersymmetric landau - ginzburg theory in two dimensions with superpotential . we find the full bps spectrum of this theory by exploiting the direct connection between the uv and ir limits of the theory . the computation utilizes results from the picard - lefschetz theory of singularitie... | we analyze the spectrum of the supersymmetric landau - ginzburg theory in two dimensions with superpotential . we find the full bps spectrum of this theory by exploiting the direct connection between the uv and ir limits of the theory . the computation utilizes results from the picard - lefschetz theory of singularitie... |
cond-mat0303488 | i | azobenzene and its derivatives have been attracted much attention over the past few decades because of a number of fascinating features of these compounds . they were initially used in preparation of paints , because of rich spectrum of colors that can be obtained depending on the chemical structure of azochromophores ... | the technique is used to identify 3d orientational configurations of _ trans _ the films of both azopolymers are biaxial . we present the numerical results for absorption coefficients that are found to be in good agreement with the experimental data . the model is also used to interpret the effect of changing the mech... | we apply experimental technique based on the combination of methods dealing with principal refractive indices and absorption coefficients to study the photoinduced 3d orientational order in the films of liquid crystalline ( lc ) azopolymers . the technique is used to identify 3d orientational configurations of _ trans ... |
cond-mat0303488 | c | in sec . [ sec : num - res ] we have introduced the parameter @xmath257 that can be written as the ratio of the characteristic time of _ trans_-_cis _ isomerization , @xmath270 , to the time characterizing decay of the _ cis _ state in the presence of irradiation , @xmath271 . we have also shown that depending on th... | we apply experimental technique based on the combination of methods dealing with principal refractive indices and absorption coefficients to study the photoinduced 3d orientational order in the films of liquid crystalline ( lc ) azopolymers . we study two types of lc azopolymers which form structures with preferred in ... | we apply experimental technique based on the combination of methods dealing with principal refractive indices and absorption coefficients to study the photoinduced 3d orientational order in the films of liquid crystalline ( lc ) azopolymers . the technique is used to identify 3d orientational configurations of _ trans ... |
1310.6309 | i | galaxies in the local universe can be classified in two broad types , according to their structure or properties related to their star formation history . elliptical and s0 galaxies tend to be redder , to be bulge - dominated and show little star formation , being called early - type galaxies . spirals are bluer , show... | once within that radius the fractions of each population change fast , decreasing even faster within . ( iv ) our results do not indicate a significant dependence on cluster mass , except for the disc fraction in the core of clusters . ( v ) the relations between galaxy properties also point to no dependence on cluster... | we are able to extend the investigation of the color - morphology - density - radius relations , for bright and faint galaxies , to and to very low density regions , probing the transition region between cluster and field galaxies , and finding a smooth variation between these two populations . we investigate the envir... |
1310.6309 | i | in this work we investigate the impact of environment on the abundance of galaxy populations and on the relations of their physical properties ( such as color , stellar mass , size and spectral classification ) . our sample consists of 6,415 cluster members split in two luminosity and redshift ranges , being 5,106 brig... | we are able to extend the investigation of the color - morphology - density - radius relations , for bright and faint galaxies , to and to very low density regions , probing the transition region between cluster and field galaxies , and finding a smooth variation between these two populations . ( ii ) regarding the dis... | we are able to extend the investigation of the color - morphology - density - radius relations , for bright and faint galaxies , to and to very low density regions , probing the transition region between cluster and field galaxies , and finding a smooth variation between these two populations . we investigate the envir... |
astro-ph0110278 | i | giant molecular clouds ( gmcs ) are the sites of most star formation in the milky way , and the evolution of the galaxy and its stellar population are controlled in large part by the physics of gmcs . despite several decades of observations , the clouds physical nature , longevity , and modes of formation and destructi... | we argue that massive stars are the dominant sources of energy for the turbulent motions within giant molecular clouds , and that the primary agent of feedback is the expansion of hii regions within the cloud volume . this conclusion is suggested by the low efficiency of star formation and corroborated by dynamical mod... | we argue that massive stars are the dominant sources of energy for the turbulent motions within giant molecular clouds , and that the primary agent of feedback is the expansion of hii regions within the cloud volume . this conclusion is suggested by the low efficiency of star formation and corroborated by dynamical mod... |
astro-ph0110278 | c | the main results of this paper are as follows . 1 . hii regions are the most plentiful sources of energy for the turbulence within giant molecular clouds ; they are more significant than the combined effects of protostellar winds , main - sequence and evolved - star winds , and supernovae . this result was indicat... | hii regions also photoevaporate their clouds : we derive cloud destruction times somewhat shorter than those estimated by williams and mckee . the upper mass limit for molecular clouds in the milky way may derive from the fact that larger clouds would destroy themselves in less than one crossing time . | we argue that massive stars are the dominant sources of energy for the turbulent motions within giant molecular clouds , and that the primary agent of feedback is the expansion of hii regions within the cloud volume . this conclusion is suggested by the low efficiency of star formation and corroborated by dynamical mod... |
1303.6469 | i | given a controlled dynamical system described by a differential ( continuous - time ) or difference ( discrete - time ) equation , its maximum controlled invariant ( mci ) set is the set of all initial states that can be kept within a given constraint set ad infinitum using admissible control inputs . this set goes by... | we characterize the maximum controlled invariant ( mci ) set for discrete- as well as continuous - time nonlinear dynamical systems as the solution of an infinite - dimensional linear programming problem . for systems with polynomial dynamics and compact semialgebraic state and control constraints , we describe a hiera... | we characterize the maximum controlled invariant ( mci ) set for discrete- as well as continuous - time nonlinear dynamical systems as the solution of an infinite - dimensional linear programming problem . for systems with polynomial dynamics and compact semialgebraic state and control constraints , we describe a hiera... |
0803.1423 | i | there are many aspects of qcd that are still lacking a satisfying understanding from first principles . one is the behavior in the regge limit , where the theory is expected to be better formulated in terms of new effective fields , the reggeized particles @xcite . one of the central building blocks of this reggeon fie... | such a correlator is the closest analog to photon - photon scattering within qcd , and there is a well - defined procedure to perform the analogous computation at strong coupling via the ads / cft correspondence . the main result of this paper is , on the gauge theory side , the proof of regge factorization and the exp... | we compute , in super yang - mills theory , the four point correlation function of-currents in the regge limit in the leading logarithmic approximation at weak coupling . such a correlator is the closest analog to photon - photon scattering within qcd , and there is a well - defined procedure to perform the analogous c... |
hep-ph0201197 | i | when a @xmath4 meson decays into light mesons , we can explore different kinematic regions depending on the momenta carried by the light mesons . when a light meson is emitted from a heavy quark with momentum of order @xmath6 , this decay can be successfully described by the heavy quark effective theory ( hqet ) @xcite... | we consider a collinear effective theory of highly energetic quarks with energy , interacting with collinear and soft gluons by integrating out collinear degrees of freedom to subleading order . we construct the effective lagrangian to first order in , and discuss its features including additional symmetries such as co... | we consider a collinear effective theory of highly energetic quarks with energy , interacting with collinear and soft gluons by integrating out collinear degrees of freedom to subleading order . the collinear effective theory offers a systematic expansion in power series of a small parameter , where is the transverse m... |
math0506621 | i | in this paper we study optimal investment problems for a financial market model with memory . this market model @xmath2 consists of @xmath1 risky and one riskless assets . the price of the riskless asset is denoted by @xmath3 and that of the @xmath4th risky asset by @xmath5 . we put @xmath6 , where @xmath7 denotes the ... | we consider a financial market model driven by an-valued gaussian process with stationary increments which is different from brownian motion . this driving noise process consists of independent components , and each component has memory described by two parameters . for this market model , we explicitly solve optimal i... | we consider a financial market model driven by an-valued gaussian process with stationary increments which is different from brownian motion . this driving noise process consists of independent components , and each component has memory described by two parameters . for this market model , we explicitly solve optimal i... |
1301.4729 | r | in this section , we establish two types of duality for multi - hop b - mac af relay network respectively under single network linear constraint and per - hop linear constraint . the type i duality can be established using the following _ network equivalence _ result . [ network equivalence][thm : network - equiva... | we establish two dualities and the corresponding _ dual transformations _ between such a network and its dual , respectively under single network linear constraint and per - hop linear constraint . the result is a generalization of the previous dualities under different special cases and is proved using new techniques ... | we consider a generalized multi - hop mimo amplify - and - forward ( af ) relay network with multiple sources / destinations and arbitrarily number of relays . we establish two dualities and the corresponding _ dual transformations _ between such a network and its dual , respectively under single network linear constra... |
1301.4729 | c | we show that the achievable regions of a multi - hop mimo b - mac af relay network and its dual are the same under _ single network linear constraint _ or _ per - hop linear constraint_. two dual transformations are provided to calculate the dual input covariance and relay precoding matrices . these results include the... | the input covariance matrices are shown to satisfy a _ polite water - filling structure _ at a stationary point of the inner loop problem . compared to the existing algorithms , the proposed optimization framework with duality - based primal algorithms can be used to solve more general problems with lower computation c... | we consider a generalized multi - hop mimo amplify - and - forward ( af ) relay network with multiple sources / destinations and arbitrarily number of relays . we establish two dualities and the corresponding _ dual transformations _ between such a network and its dual , respectively under single network linear constra... |
1603.00092 | i | index coding ( introduced by birk and kol @xcite in 1998 ) , a sender broadcasts messages through a noiseless shared channel to multiple receivers , each knowing some messages a priori , which are known as side information . side information occurs frequently in many communication networks , e.g. , in a web browsers c... | we consider a graphical approach to index coding . while cycles have been shown to provide coding gain , only disjoint cycles and cliques ( a specific type of overlapping cycles ) have been exploited in existing literature . in this paper , we define a more general form of overlapping cycles , called the interlinked - ... | we consider a graphical approach to index coding . while cycles have been shown to provide coding gain , only disjoint cycles and cliques ( a specific type of overlapping cycles ) have been exploited in existing literature . in this paper , we define a more general form of overlapping cycles , called the interlinked - ... |
1611.07378 | i | let us consider a regression model in the continuous time with the levy noise @xmath0 where @xmath1 is an unknown @xmath2 function , @xmath3 is some unobserved noise and @xmath4 is the noise intensity . the problem is to estimate the function @xmath5 on the observations @xmath6 when @xmath7 . in this paper we consider ... | we consider a nonparametric robust estimation problem in the continuous time for the functions observed on the fixed time interval with a noise defined by the levy processes with jumps . a sharp non - asymptotic oracle inequalities for the robust risks is obtained and the robust efficiency is shown . we apply this proc... | we consider a nonparametric robust estimation problem in the continuous time for the functions observed on the fixed time interval with a noise defined by the levy processes with jumps . an adaptive model selection procedure is proposed . a sharp non - asymptotic oracle inequalities for the robust risks is obtained and... |
0901.4775 | i | the relativistic jet model we have considered in this paper is particularly simple : it is cylindrical , it assumes force - free conditions , and it assumes rigid rotation . within the limitations of these reasonable approximations , we have attempted to be as close to numerically simulated jets as possible . we includ... | on the other hand , equilibria in which reaches a maximum value at an intermediate radius and then declines to a smaller value at are unstable . , the mode amplitude grows weakly with increasing distance from the base of the jet , much slower than one might expect from a naive application of the kruskal - shafranov sta... | we consider a two - parameter family of cylindrical force - free equilibria , modeled to match numerical simulations of relativistic force - free jets . we study the linear stability of these equilibria , assuming a rigid impenetrable wall at the outer cylindrical radius . we find that equilibria in which the lorentz f... |
0704.3086 | i | gradient fields belong to a class of models that arise in equilibrium statistical mechanics , for example , as approximations of critical systems and as effective interface models . although their definition is rather simple and , in fact , quite a lot is known ( see the reviews by funaki @xcite , velenik @xcite or she... | we consider gradient fields whose law takes the gibbs boltzmann form , where the sum runs over nearest neighbors . we assume that the potential admits the representation,\ ] ] where is a positive measure with compact support in . hence , the potential is symmetric , but nonconvex in general . while for strictly convex... | we consider gradient fields whose law takes the gibbs boltzmann form , where the sum runs over nearest neighbors . we assume that the potential admits the representation,\ ] ] where is a positive measure with compact support in . hence , the potential is symmetric , but nonconvex in general . while for strictly convex... |
1211.0682 | i | sensor array imaging in a scattering medium is limited because coherent signals recorded at the source - receiver array and coming from a reflector to be imaged are dominated by incoherent signals coming from multiple scattering by the medium . for instance , in a randomly perturbed waveguide , it is known that the fie... | we consider reflector imaging in a weakly random waveguide . we address the situation in which the source is farther from the reflector to be imaged than the energy equipartition distance , but the receiver array is closer to the reflector to be imaged than the energy equipartition distance . as a consequence , this pa... | we consider reflector imaging in a weakly random waveguide . we address the situation in which the source is farther from the reflector to be imaged than the energy equipartition distance , but the receiver array is closer to the reflector to be imaged than the energy equipartition distance . as a consequence , the ref... |
astro-ph0001187 | i | cassiopeia a is the youngest of the known galactic supernova remnants ( snrs ) whose birth probably dates back to 1680 ( ashworth @xcite ) . it is one of the most prominent and well studied radio sources on the sky ( e.g. bell et al . @xcite ; tuffs @xcite ; braun et al . @xcite ; anderson et al . @xcite hereafter ar... | we consider the effect of energy dependent propagation of relativistic electrons in a spatially inhomogeneous medium in order to interpret the broad - band nonthermal radiation of the young shell - type supernova remnant ( snr ) cassiopeia a. a two - zone model is proposed that distinguishes between compact , bright st... | we consider the effect of energy dependent propagation of relativistic electrons in a spatially inhomogeneous medium in order to interpret the broad - band nonthermal radiation of the young shell - type supernova remnant ( snr ) cassiopeia a. a two - zone model is proposed that distinguishes between compact , bright st... |
1003.0051 | i | let @xmath1 be a finite compact metric graph . that is , @xmath1 has finitely many edges and each edge is equipped with coordinates ( denoted @xmath2 ) that identify this edge with a bounded interval of the real line . we choose some subset of vertices of @xmath1 , to be called _ external vertices _ , and attach one or... | we consider the resonances of a quantum graph that consists of a compact part with one or more infinite leads attached to it . we discuss the leading term of the asymptotics of the number of resonances of in a disc of a large radius . we call a _ weyl graph _ if the coefficient in front of this leading term coincides w... | we consider the resonances of a quantum graph that consists of a compact part with one or more infinite leads attached to it . we discuss the leading term of the asymptotics of the number of resonances of in a disc of a large radius . we call a _ weyl graph _ if the coefficient in front of this leading term coincides w... |
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