Datasets:
license: cc-by-4.0
language:
- en
tags:
- biology
- proteins
- enzymes
- ec-number
- genomics
- protein-function-prediction
pretty_name: GRIMM (EC) — Genomic Representation Inference for Microbial Metabolism
task_categories:
- text-classification
size_categories:
- 100K<n<1M
configs:
- config_name: EC_v2_amino_acids
default: true
data_files:
- split: split1_train
path: EC_v2/amino_acids/split_1/train.tsv
- split: split1_validation
path: EC_v2/amino_acids/split_1/validation.tsv
- split: split1_test1
path: EC_v2/amino_acids/split_1/test1.tsv
- split: split1_test2
path: EC_v2/amino_acids/split_1/test2.tsv
- split: split2_train
path: EC_v2/amino_acids/split_2/train.tsv
- split: split2_validation
path: EC_v2/amino_acids/split_2/validation.tsv
- split: split2_test1
path: EC_v2/amino_acids/split_2/test1.tsv
- split: split2_test2
path: EC_v2/amino_acids/split_2/test2.tsv
- split: split3_train
path: EC_v2/amino_acids/split_3/train.tsv
- split: split3_validation
path: EC_v2/amino_acids/split_3/validation.tsv
- split: split3_test1
path: EC_v2/amino_acids/split_3/test1.tsv
- split: split3_test2
path: EC_v2/amino_acids/split_3/test2.tsv
- split: split4_train
path: EC_v2/amino_acids/split_4/train.tsv
- split: split4_validation
path: EC_v2/amino_acids/split_4/validation.tsv
- split: split4_test1
path: EC_v2/amino_acids/split_4/test1.tsv
- split: split4_test2
path: EC_v2/amino_acids/split_4/test2.tsv
- split: split5_train
path: EC_v2/amino_acids/split_5/train.tsv
- split: split5_validation
path: EC_v2/amino_acids/split_5/validation.tsv
- split: split5_test1
path: EC_v2/amino_acids/split_5/test1.tsv
- split: split5_test2
path: EC_v2/amino_acids/split_5/test2.tsv
- config_name: EC_v2_nucleotides
data_files:
- split: split1_train
path: EC_v2/nucleotides/split_1/train.tsv
- split: split1_validation
path: EC_v2/nucleotides/split_1/validation.tsv
- split: split1_test1
path: EC_v2/nucleotides/split_1/test1.tsv
- split: split1_test2
path: EC_v2/nucleotides/split_1/test2.tsv
- split: split2_train
path: EC_v2/nucleotides/split_2/train.tsv
- split: split2_validation
path: EC_v2/nucleotides/split_2/validation.tsv
- split: split2_test1
path: EC_v2/nucleotides/split_2/test1.tsv
- split: split2_test2
path: EC_v2/nucleotides/split_2/test2.tsv
- split: split3_train
path: EC_v2/nucleotides/split_3/train.tsv
- split: split3_validation
path: EC_v2/nucleotides/split_3/validation.tsv
- split: split3_test1
path: EC_v2/nucleotides/split_3/test1.tsv
- split: split3_test2
path: EC_v2/nucleotides/split_3/test2.tsv
- split: split4_train
path: EC_v2/nucleotides/split_4/train.tsv
- split: split4_validation
path: EC_v2/nucleotides/split_4/validation.tsv
- split: split4_test1
path: EC_v2/nucleotides/split_4/test1.tsv
- split: split4_test2
path: EC_v2/nucleotides/split_4/test2.tsv
- split: split5_train
path: EC_v2/nucleotides/split_5/train.tsv
- split: split5_validation
path: EC_v2/nucleotides/split_5/validation.tsv
- split: split5_test1
path: EC_v2/nucleotides/split_5/test1.tsv
- split: split5_test2
path: EC_v2/nucleotides/split_5/test2.tsv
- config_name: EC_v1_amino_acids
data_files:
- split: split1_train
path: EC_v1/amino_acids/split_1/train.csv
- split: split1_validation
path: EC_v1/amino_acids/split_1/validation.csv
- split: split1_test1
path: EC_v1/amino_acids/split_1/test1.csv
- split: split1_test2
path: EC_v1/amino_acids/split_1/test2.csv
- split: split2_train
path: EC_v1/amino_acids/split_2/train.csv
- split: split2_validation
path: EC_v1/amino_acids/split_2/validation.csv
- split: split2_test1
path: EC_v1/amino_acids/split_2/test1.csv
- split: split2_test2
path: EC_v1/amino_acids/split_2/test2.csv
- split: split3_train
path: EC_v1/amino_acids/split_3/train.csv
- split: split3_validation
path: EC_v1/amino_acids/split_3/validation.csv
- split: split3_test1
path: EC_v1/amino_acids/split_3/test1.csv
- split: split3_test2
path: EC_v1/amino_acids/split_3/test2.csv
- split: split4_train
path: EC_v1/amino_acids/split_4/train.csv
- split: split4_validation
path: EC_v1/amino_acids/split_4/validation.csv
- split: split4_test1
path: EC_v1/amino_acids/split_4/test1.csv
- split: split4_test2
path: EC_v1/amino_acids/split_4/test2.csv
- split: split5_train
path: EC_v1/amino_acids/split_5/train.csv
- split: split5_validation
path: EC_v1/amino_acids/split_5/validation.csv
- split: split5_test1
path: EC_v1/amino_acids/split_5/test1.csv
- split: split5_test2
path: EC_v1/amino_acids/split_5/test2.csv
- config_name: EC_v1_nucleotides
data_files:
- split: split1_train
path: EC_v1/nucleotides/split_1/train.csv
- split: split1_validation
path: EC_v1/nucleotides/split_1/validation.csv
- split: split1_test1
path: EC_v1/nucleotides/split_1/test1.csv
- split: split1_test2
path: EC_v1/nucleotides/split_1/test2.csv
- split: split2_train
path: EC_v1/nucleotides/split_2/train.csv
- split: split2_validation
path: EC_v1/nucleotides/split_2/validation.csv
- split: split2_test1
path: EC_v1/nucleotides/split_2/test1.csv
- split: split2_test2
path: EC_v1/nucleotides/split_2/test2.csv
- split: split3_train
path: EC_v1/nucleotides/split_3/train.csv
- split: split3_validation
path: EC_v1/nucleotides/split_3/validation.csv
- split: split3_test1
path: EC_v1/nucleotides/split_3/test1.csv
- split: split3_test2
path: EC_v1/nucleotides/split_3/test2.csv
- split: split4_train
path: EC_v1/nucleotides/split_4/train.csv
- split: split4_validation
path: EC_v1/nucleotides/split_4/validation.csv
- split: split4_test1
path: EC_v1/nucleotides/split_4/test1.csv
- split: split4_test2
path: EC_v1/nucleotides/split_4/test2.csv
- split: split5_train
path: EC_v1/nucleotides/split_5/train.csv
- split: split5_validation
path: EC_v1/nucleotides/split_5/validation.csv
- split: split5_test1
path: EC_v1/nucleotides/split_5/test1.csv
- split: split5_test2
path: EC_v1/nucleotides/split_5/test2.csv
GRIMM-EC
GRIMM is a benchmark for predicting enzyme function (EC number) from biological sequence. Sequences are reviewed (SwissProt) prokaryotic proteins with EC annotations; partitions are stratified per label by UniRef50 cluster so that homologous sequences do not leak between train and evaluation splits.
Two modalities are provided: amino acids (per-protein SwissProt sequences) and nucleotides (per-CDS sequences from ENA).
⭐ Which version to use
EC_v2/ should be used for all new work, as it corrects important bugs in v1 data generation pipeline. EC_v1/ is maintained for reproducibility of existing citing work and should only be used to reproduce already-published v1 results
Structure
EC_v2/ amino_acids/ split_1 … split_5 / {train, validation, test1, test2}.tsv
nucleotides/ split_1 … split_5 / {train, validation, test1, test2}.tsv
EC_v1/ amino_acids/ split_1 … split_5 / {train, validation, test1, test2}.csv
nucleotides/ split_1 … split_5 / {train, validation, test1, test2}.csv
All files are tab-separated. v2 uses the .tsv extension; v1 retains the original
.csv extension (tab-separated despite the name) for release stability — load v1 with
pd.read_csv(path, sep="\t").
Columns — amino acids: Entry, EC number, EMBL, RefSeq, UniRef50, UniRef90, UniRef100, Sequence;
nucleotides: Entry (EMBL CDS id), EC number, Sequence.
The 5 folds are not a standard k-fold: each is an independent train/valid/test partition that preserves UniRef50 clusters. Train and evaluate the 5 folds as independent models (individually or as an ensemble), not as rotating CV folds.
Splits
- train / validation / test1 — closed-set: evaluation sequences whose labels also appear in training, but held out by UniRef50 cluster.
- test2 — open-set: sequences from labels absent from training (out-of-distribution).
Labels
EC numbers (4th level). Proteins with multiple EC annotations are kept as a single
compound label string (e.g. 1.1.99.1;1.2.1.8), distinct from its component
labels — they are not expanded into separate rows.
Sizes (GRIMM-EC v2, average per fold)
| Modality | train | validation | test1 | test2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| amino acids | ~178,053 | ~28,719 | ~29,689 | ~959 |
| nucleotides | ~251,745 | ~42,557 | ~45,185 | ~1,755 |
237,421 proteins · 6,393 EC labels (1,321 compound) · 65,996 UniRef50 clusters. Sequences from UniProt release 2025_02.
Verified for v2 (all 5 folds, both modalities): 0 (sequence, EC) overlap between
train and any evaluation split; 0 accession overlap between splits; test2 labels
absent from train. Identical sequences carrying different EC labels may appear in
different splits — this is intended cross-label difficulty under per-label
stratification, not leakage.
Known limitations of GRIMM-EC v1 (fixed in v2)
EC_v1/ is retained for reproducibility of already-published results. Its test2
has been corrected to be fully disjoint from train/validation/test1;
train/validation/test1 are unchanged from the original release. Remaining
v1 limitations (all fixed in v2):
- AA sequences are UniRef50 representatives, not per-protein SwissProt sequences (the nucleotide modality used real per-CDS sequences and is unaffected).
- ~5.8% of AA
test1rows (and ~4.1% ofvalidation) share an exact sequence withtrain, because 1–2 cluster labels were split by sequence rather than by cluster (nucleotides: ~0.4%).
See the GRIMM repo git history for full details.
Citation
Preprint: https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.16504