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The dataset generation failed because of a cast error
Error code:   DatasetGenerationCastError
Exception:    DatasetGenerationCastError
Message:      An error occurred while generating the dataset

All the data files must have the same columns, but at some point there are 5 new columns ({'value', 'count', 'percent', 'dimension', 'split'}) and 2 missing columns ({'model_group', 'model_index'}).

This happened while the csv dataset builder was generating data using

hf://datasets/Hongyu513/LegalScope/data/metadata/source_composition.csv (at revision 9d08be761182a17968d38d04f2cca250c7edd398), [/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/59809674192876-config-parquet-and-info-Hongyu513-LegalScope-5b7a2f82/hub/datasets--Hongyu513--LegalScope/snapshots/9d08be761182a17968d38d04f2cca250c7edd398/data/metadata/model_groups.csv (origin=hf://datasets/Hongyu513/LegalScope@9d08be761182a17968d38d04f2cca250c7edd398/data/metadata/model_groups.csv), /tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/59809674192876-config-parquet-and-info-Hongyu513-LegalScope-5b7a2f82/hub/datasets--Hongyu513--LegalScope/snapshots/9d08be761182a17968d38d04f2cca250c7edd398/data/metadata/source_composition.csv (origin=hf://datasets/Hongyu513/LegalScope@9d08be761182a17968d38d04f2cca250c7edd398/data/metadata/source_composition.csv)]

Please either edit the data files to have matching columns, or separate them into different configurations (see docs at https://hf.co/docs/hub/datasets-manual-configuration#multiple-configurations)
Traceback:    Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1837, in _prepare_split_single
                  writer.write_table(table)
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/arrow_writer.py", line 765, in write_table
                  self._write_table(pa_table, writer_batch_size=writer_batch_size)
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/arrow_writer.py", line 773, in _write_table
                  pa_table = table_cast(pa_table, self._schema)
                             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2369, in table_cast
                  return cast_table_to_schema(table, schema)
                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2297, in cast_table_to_schema
                  raise CastError(
              datasets.table.CastError: Couldn't cast
              split: string
              dimension: string
              value: string
              count: int64
              percent: double
              -- schema metadata --
              pandas: '{"index_columns": [{"kind": "range", "name": null, "start": 0, "' + 820
              to
              {'model_index': Value('int64'), 'model_group': Value('string')}
              because column names don't match
              
              During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
              
              Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1348, in compute_config_parquet_and_info_response
                  parquet_operations = convert_to_parquet(builder)
                                       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 980, in convert_to_parquet
                  builder.download_and_prepare(
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 890, in download_and_prepare
                  self._download_and_prepare(
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 951, in _download_and_prepare
                  self._prepare_split(split_generator, **prepare_split_kwargs)
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1683, in _prepare_split
                  for job_id, done, content in self._prepare_split_single(
                                               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1839, in _prepare_split_single
                  raise DatasetGenerationCastError.from_cast_error(
              datasets.exceptions.DatasetGenerationCastError: An error occurred while generating the dataset
              
              All the data files must have the same columns, but at some point there are 5 new columns ({'value', 'count', 'percent', 'dimension', 'split'}) and 2 missing columns ({'model_group', 'model_index'}).
              
              This happened while the csv dataset builder was generating data using
              
              hf://datasets/Hongyu513/LegalScope/data/metadata/source_composition.csv (at revision 9d08be761182a17968d38d04f2cca250c7edd398), [/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/59809674192876-config-parquet-and-info-Hongyu513-LegalScope-5b7a2f82/hub/datasets--Hongyu513--LegalScope/snapshots/9d08be761182a17968d38d04f2cca250c7edd398/data/metadata/model_groups.csv (origin=hf://datasets/Hongyu513/LegalScope@9d08be761182a17968d38d04f2cca250c7edd398/data/metadata/model_groups.csv), /tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/59809674192876-config-parquet-and-info-Hongyu513-LegalScope-5b7a2f82/hub/datasets--Hongyu513--LegalScope/snapshots/9d08be761182a17968d38d04f2cca250c7edd398/data/metadata/source_composition.csv (origin=hf://datasets/Hongyu513/LegalScope@9d08be761182a17968d38d04f2cca250c7edd398/data/metadata/source_composition.csv)]
              
              Please either edit the data files to have matching columns, or separate them into different configurations (see docs at https://hf.co/docs/hub/datasets-manual-configuration#multiple-configurations)

Need help to make the dataset viewer work? Make sure to review how to configure the dataset viewer, and open a discussion for direct support.

model_index
int64
model_group
string
1
Grok 4.20
2
DeepSeek R1
3
Qwen3 Max
4
Deep Cogito 671B
5
GPT-5.4 Mini
6
Qwen3 Max Thinking
7
GLM-5
8
Qwen3 235B A22B
9
DeepSeek V3.2
10
Kimi K2 Thinking
11
Grok 4 Fast
12
Grok 4.1 Fast
13
Command A
14
LLaMA 3.1 8B Instruct
15
GPT-5.4 Normal
16
GPT-5.4 Deep Thinking
17
Gemini 2.5 Flash
18
Command R+
19
Gemini 3 Flash Preview
20
Gemini 3 Flash Preview Thinking Low
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LegalScope

LegalScope is a public metadata preview for a benchmark studying whether strong public legal-exam performance transfers to real-case legal analysis.

The benchmark pairs scalable public legal-exam tasks with lawyer-reviewed, de-identified Chinese civil-judgment analysis. This Hugging Face dataset page is kept intentionally small and public-safe: it mirrors the public metadata from the GitHub repository and does not publish the full benchmark workbook, full prompts, reference answers, model outputs, human review sheets, paper draft, or non-de-identified legal source materials.

GitHub repository: https://github.com/EternWang/LegalScope

Benchmark Snapshot

Component Count
Public legal-exam questions 868
Real-case issue-stance prompts 76
Total dataset items 944
De-identified Chinese civil judgments 15
Legal issues extracted from judgments 38
Model groups evaluated 20
Public-exam model responses 17,360
Real-case model responses 1,520
Total dataset model responses 18,880
Human-validation responses 1,800

Files

data/metadata/dataset_summary.json
data/metadata/model_groups.csv
data/metadata/source_composition.csv

dataset_summary.json contains the public release boundary, benchmark module counts, aggregate response counts, and transfer-summary metrics.

model_groups.csv lists the 20 evaluated model groups.

source_composition.csv summarizes public-exam jurisdiction/domain composition and real-case legal-domain composition.

Evaluation Design

LegalScope has two tracks:

  • Public legal exams: open-ended public legal-exam questions scored with a reference-aware 0-4 answer-match protocol.
  • Chinese real cases: issue-stance prompts derived from de-identified Chinese civil judgments, scored across citation relevance, constraint extraction, and argument validity.

Human validation covers 80 public-exam items and 10 real-case prompts across the same 20 model groups, for 1,800 human-validation responses.

Intended Use

This public preview is intended for:

  • understanding the benchmark design and release boundary;
  • inspecting public-safe metadata and source composition;
  • citing the public LegalScope artifact;
  • coordinating access to the private benchmark materials where appropriate.

It is not intended for legal advice, legal decision support, training legal decision systems, or reconstructing withheld private data.

Public Release Boundary

This dataset repository does not include:

  • the full benchmark workbook;
  • complete prompt matrices;
  • reference answers;
  • model-output matrices;
  • human review sheets or adjudication notes;
  • paper draft, review PDF, or LaTeX source;
  • non-de-identified judgments or private source documents.

The public files are sufficient to document scope, counts, metadata, and release boundaries, but they are not sufficient to reconstruct the full benchmark.

Citation

If you use this public preview, cite the GitHub repository and the released paper once a stable paper citation is available.

@misc{wang2026legalscope,
  title        = {LegalScope: Measuring Exam-to-Case Transfer in LLM Legal Reasoning},
  author       = {Wang, Hongyu},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://github.com/EternWang/LegalScope}},
  note         = {Public metadata preview}
}

Disclaimer

LegalScope is a research benchmark for model evaluation. It is not legal advice, a legal research product, or a substitute for jurisdiction-specific legal review.

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