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Twisted Tests: We tried the viral slow cooker breakfast recipe for ourselves to see if it would work
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It might seem like an obvious thing to say, but not every “hack” on the internet is a good idea. Even though the majority of tipsters have the best intentions, the world is not secretly full of undiscovered Martha Stewarts, waiting to emerge as fully fledged domestic gods and goddesses. The sad truth is that quite a lot of our cunning plans are actually pretty crap. Case in point, the slow cooker breakfast.
Last week, we told the story of a photo that captured the internet’s imagination. Posted to the Facebook group, “Slow Cooker Recipes & Tips,” the picture showed an entire cooked breakfast, carefully assembled in the bottom of a crock pot. Mugs of mushrooms, hash browns and beans were encased in a ring of sausages, bacon and more hash browns. According to the caption, any time-poor breakfaster could simply whack the whole mix on a low heat, leave overnight and wake up to a tasty morning meal. Though there were a few negative Nelly’s, almost everyone was enthusiastic about the plan. As was I.
In fact, so positive was I about the prospect of a one-pan, ostensibly mess-less breakfast, that I decided to put the hack to the test. Buoyed on by innocent optimism, I dusted off the Twisted cooker, set off to the shop and assembled the necessaries. Who cared if by the time my “fry” up was ready it would almost be hometime? I was in the mood for the world’s slowest bacon and some lengthy sausages.
Like the photographs captured from the first day of the Somme, mere words cannot do justice to the full horror of what followed.
As per the detailed instructions provided alongside the original recipe post, I took the precautionary step of lining my pot with baking paper, in the hope that this would prevent my brekky from sticking to the sides. I needn’t have worried. As it turns out, this measure was the equivalent of putting a fan in your bedroom because you’re worried about it being a bit stuffy, while the rest of your house is on fire.
I arranged the ingredients, carefully portioning mushrooms and beans, adding a little salt and diced garlic to each. Next, I lined the pot with a layer of hash browns, taking care to rest them against the rim for “added crispiness”, before folding cheap bacon into piggy cigarillos and stacking up a row of pork sausages. I set it on low and left it in a corner, like a tickly cough that you keep ignoring, until eventually it turns into emphysema. Only when I lifted the lid, six hours later, did I realise the abomination that had been created.
The first thing I noticed was the grease. I hadn’t added any oil, yet my breakfast was covered in it. Not covered like you might “cover” yourself with a cursory squirt of suncream to appease an anxious parent. Drowned in it. Choking on it. The pot looked like the Gulf of Mexico after the BP oil spill. It was the kind of grease that could kill entire species if it accidentally ended up in the ocean. This was not the start I had been hoping for.
Apart from making anyone who looked into the cauldron want to throw up, the grease had the unfortunate effect of soaking everything it came into contact with. Hash browns, sausages and bacon were all indiscriminately dip-dyed in a coat of fat. This had the unusual consequence of causing the bottom half of the breakfast to dissolve into a salty sludge, while the top remained disturbingly firm. The hash browns had almost entirely congealed, and where they had been submerged in oil, disintegrated to the point where they looked like someone had regurgitated all the other elements of the breakfast back into the bowl.
Things got even weirder with the bacon. Having spent several hours exposed at a low temperature, the tips of the rolls were almost entirely devoid of moisture, making them taste like the sole of a porky shoe. The bottoms, by contrast, had completely jellified, which made each mouthful taste like you were eating biltong and aspic at the same time. Every miniature bacon roll looked like one of the tubular worms that David Attenborough occasionally finds clinging to the side of an undersea volcano.
The situation did not improve with the sausages, which will go down in history as the scariest thing I’ve ever put in my mouth. They had the texture of a bag of flour, held together by an old bottle of PVA glue. As Tara, one of our chefs, mused after I’d offered her a horrible mouthful, “If my mum gave this to me, I’d murder her.” Never have I been more grateful to not be Tara’s mum.
However, despite the alien-like texture and flavour of the sausages, bacon and potatoes, there were a few positives to take from the debacle. Aside from the fact that you don’t need any teeth to eat most of the components, the beans and mushrooms were genuinely delicious - buttery and garlicky and safely removed from grease that had successfully ruined everything else. Unfortunately, prolonged exposure to the slow cooker meant that handling the mugs was like grabbing a Bunsen burner. In the end, we were forced to fashion a weird gauntlet out of paper, just to get them out.
If the slow cooked breakfast has taught me anything, it’s that every idea - no matter how brilliant it might seem on paper - should be subject to scrutiny. Humanity has been cooking for hundreds of thousands of years - the chances of us stumbling across something completely new and game-changing are, unfortunately, minimal. Maybe it’s time we all agreed that serious advances in cooking theory are best left to the experts. At least we’d avoid ruining the good name of breakfast for everyone. | <urn:uuid:4df59f5c-cd38-40d0-9686-91f56605fefb> | http://twistedfood.co.uk/we-tried-the-viral-slow-cooker-breakfast-recipe-for-ourselves-to-see-if-it-would-work/ | en | 0.97143 | 0.024663 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Half Blood Part XXV-Waiting
Fiction By Heather // 9/23/2010
"Ye say the air suddenly thickened and ye couldnae breathe?" Dulcan stared at him like he was crazy.
Varian looked away and drew a deep breath. They sat in an old tower. The windows had broken out long ago, and vines crept inside the stone room. But Dulcan insisted it was as solid as the day it had been built.
Some of the lairds weren't so sure. Benvahr and Sotar especially kept shifting their feet and looking at the floor, as if they expected it to crumble at any second.
"Aye, that's what I said. I dinnae know how else to explain it. I couldnae breathe, and it felt like Fleet and I were being sucked down into the maw of some sea-monster. I had nae strength. Fleet barely was able to snap free of it. I think it was a spell of some sort."
Raven scoffed. "A spell? Ye really think that Danilos, sorcerer thought he may be, could be so strong already? Ye're talkin' about a full-grown dragon, laddie! They arenae weaklings."
"Kamarils are always strong," Onna voice said.
Varian turned. She stood in the doorway, her arms crossed. Onna smiled at him.
"Fleet said you needed to talk to me. What happened? He's so shaken I could barely get a word from him."
Varian quickly described their narrow escape as Onna took a seat on the windowsill. The lairds stood around the map-table, all of them except Revan looking curious. When Varia had finished, Onna shook her head.
"That was foolhardy, Varian. But I probably should've known something like that was bound to happen. I should've warned you all. Kamaril sorcerers are not born weaklings, like the other sorcerers the legends tell us about. They invoke strong spirits to enter them, and though there are consequences for their evil deeds, for the most part they grow stronger the more they use their power. From what Varian encountered, I'd say Danilos is very strong already."
"What did he encounter, exactly?" Revan demanded.
"Some sort of draining spell, probably. I'm not too sure."
"How do ye know all this, Onna?" Mykale asked.
She looked him in the eye. "I am old and have traveled far. I've seen things that would make you grown men blanch. Besides, one of my best friends for a time was a repented Kamaril sorceress. She was one of the last of her kind, or so we thought. She taught me how to watch for Kamarils, and how to recognize them."
"Last of the Kamarils." Sotar snorted. "There had to have been one alive, at least, to teach Danilos. I wonder where he hid himself all the time."
Varian thought back, trying to remember if he'd ever seen a black-eyed, mysterious person living or visiting the Lowland court. Then he snapped his fingers. "I remember. He didnae learn it from a person. I'll bet he learned it from books."
"Books?" Everyone turned to him.
"Danilos has a daughter about my age. She use to—well—" Varian blushed. "She tried to impress me a lot. I havenae seen her for several years. She once told me that her father had a huge collection of old books. Some had pictures of dragons on the front. Some had runes on them, and weird symbols. I think she mentioned a crow's head."
Onna nodded. "A known Kamaril sign."
"Anyway, she said that Danilos kept them locked up in a large cupboard at his rooms in the castle. I dinnae know why we never looked at them. We planned to. But something always happened to keep us away."
"Well for ye," Dulcan said, "if what Onna tells us be true."
"Well, we've talked enough about Danilos' spells and sorcery," Revan said impatiently. "How far away did ye think they were, Varian?"
"Fleet thought they could be here by sundown."
"Then we'd best start preparin'," Mykale said. "Though I do wish I knew where Jokk and Archflame were."
They dispersed, each of the lairds hurrying away to rally his men. Onna caught Varian's arm as he walked past.
"You're worried about your uncle, aren't you?" she asked.
"Both of them. I wish they would be here. And I—I have this feeling, Onna. I feel like I'm going to face Danilos. To fight him. And I want Archflame's advice. Your's about the sorcerers will help, but I just want Archflame's advice."
Onna nodded. "Undestandable. To combat the supernatural, you must know the supernatural and know what will protect you spiritually. Archflame is quite wise in the ways of God—he may be able to help you there."
"If he comes back," Varian muttered.
"He'll come back," Onna said confidently.
Kearah sifted through a large wooden crate, gingerly handling the packets of dried herbs. How they had escaped being battered to dust in the jostling of the cart, she wasn't sure. She stacked them on the stone shelf running the length of the wall and looked around. Three other young women were engaged in the same task, setting up the infirmary in a sheltered, strong portion of the fortress.
Kearah ganced out the door and saw Varian amble past. He backed up and looked in, smiling at her. Her heart leaped and she inwardly scolded it. Ye havenae reason to do that. Stop bein' like a silly schoolgirl.
Her heart didn't obey. But she ignored it and spoke to Varian. "Hello. Are ye all right? Solvar said ye spotted the enemy."
Varian's eyes focused over her shoulder, then he nodded his head. "Come walk with me?"
Kearah placed bundles back inside the crate and hurried after him. She caught up to his side and they walked into the courtyard without speaking. Soldiers moved past them, each carrying a stack of javelins. Others tossed bundles of arrows to their comrades on the walls. Varian led her to a quiet set of steps to the walls. He sat down and looked up at her.
Kearah felt her heart twist. His eyes were dark and frightened. How had she missed that at first?
"Fleet and I flew over Danilos' army. I saw him and was going down to try o kill him. I thought maybe if I killed him then, the war wouldnae be so bad." Varian shrugged. "That probably wasnae guided by anything more than revenge. But when we went down, we kept going down. It felt like somethin' was suckin' us down through the air. Fleet barely managed to get away from it, and it made me loose my breath so that I was worthless."
Kearah sat down beside him and brushed loose strands of her braid away from her face. Her heart was pounding. "What was it?"
"Onna said it was some kind of drainin' spell that Danilos was usin', probably to protect his army."
"Oh my. He's that strong?"
Varian nodded and leaned his head on his arms. "I donnae, Kearah. He's so strong…"
"Donnae ye give up now," Kearah said. "The hope, Varian, remember."
"But what if God's will isnae for us to succeed?"
Kearah bit her lip and loked at the cobblestone floor. "I guess I'll be seein' my father," she said quietly. "I guess ye'll be seein' yer father and mother. That isnae so bad a way to look at it, is it?"
Varian gave her a half-smile. "Maybe nae."
"Besides, if God doesnae have victory in mind for us, then it's His will. We cannae fight it. And it's for the best. Sometimes I have a hard time believin' that. Sometimes I wish that we knew for certain what God had for us. But we donnae, so I try not to waste time by worryin' about it. I promised to follow Him—what kind of follower would I be if I didnae trust his Leadership?"
Varian smiled again. "Ye're right. Thank ye." He stood. "I donnae know when I'll see ye again. But be careful. It's almost sunset, and Danilos' army could be here soon."
"I will be. But ye promise to be careful yerself. I dinnae want the next time to see ye to be in my infirmary," Kearah said.
Varian gripped her hand. "I'll try to stay out of the infirmary for ye."
Kearah smiled, staring into his eyes. Varian stared back, and again that little spark zapped between them. Kearah gasped. Varian realized he was holding her hand, and he let go.
"I, uh—I have to go," he said quickly. "Have to help on the walls—I've been absent enough. I'll see ye soon, Kearah."
Kearah watched him mount the step and disappear among the chaos on the wall. She smiled and ran her thumb over the palm of her hand, the one that he'd held.
How had he managed to draw the first nightwatch? Varian lounged against the battlement and glared over the rider into the dark. With the aid of the moon, he could barely see the dark mass that was Danilos' army. They'd stopped on the other side of the river at twilight and pitched their camp. The lairds had all hoped that meant that they wouldn't try to attack in the dark. Varian thought it meant that Danilos had some scheme up his sleeve.
He scanned the dark landscape again and sighed. Nothing was moving. The camp across the river was still and silent. He found himself wishing for Kearah's presence to make the night pass by quickly. She was so easy to talk to. Even talking to Onna hadn't felt as good as sharing his douts earlier with Kearah—though he regretted it now and hoped he hadn't worried her.
The one evening they'd ridden together hung in his mind—her curly hair blown here and there by the wind, her eyes laughing as they swooped and turned. The sunset had fallen on her hair once, highlighting it with bold red colors. Her pensive quietness as she'd watched the sunset and remembered her father's words about the stars.
With a start, Varian realized that he'd mentally used a word for her that he'd never applied to any girl before; beautiful. He ran his hand through his hair, then remembered Solvar's words the day they'd visited the Lowland dragons.
How does Kearah 'like' me? he wondered. Does she think about me as often as I seem to think about her? Does she wish I was everywhere doing everything with her, like I think? Does she—does she like me as much as much as I like her? Does she like me like a brother? Or does she like me more? Like I—he exhaled. Love her.
This wasn't like the stories. He hadn't felt awkward or flushed or tongue-tied in her presence—well, except for that one time flying together. In fact, she was the most likely one to get him acting silly, or make him laugh and talk until he thought his jaws might fall apart. She was the easiest person to be around and to talk to.
Then there had been that spark. Twice now. Varian had no idea how to explain it. It seemed to be such a deep connection, a deep emotion, that he couldn't even wrap his mind around it, much less explain it in words. But he knew what it was. It was love. He loved Kearah. He loved her because she was funny and cheerful and loving. He loved her because she was the only person he could really open up to and share his soul with. Instantly, he realized that was why he was restless. He needed to be around her, to make sure she was all right, to protect her.
Unfortunately, he had a duty to remain on the walltop. Varia sighed.
I love her. Varian rolled the thought around for a moment, then tried it out loud. "I love her. I love you."
I love you. What a strange power those words have.
"I love you, Kearah."
"Good," Solvar's voice came from behind him. "It's about time ye realized ye did."
"What did ye two do to yerselves?" Kearah demanded, glaring at her brother and friend.
They looked at each other and grinned sheepishly. Varian sported a bruise covering his jaw, and Solvar had a black eye.
"Well, if the dragon's got yer tongues, I'll fill it in for ye," Kearah said, roling her eyes. "Let me guess—ye got in a fight."
"Never!" Varian said indignantly.
"Before a battle?" Solvar snorted.
Kearah planted her hands on her hips. "Well, what did happen then? Who sent ye in? And why in heaven's name did ye come to infirmary in the middle of the night with wounds ye cannae explain?"
"We can explain them well enough," Varian said. "Ye see, I was on the wall, keepin' watch, ye know. And Solvar came up and—" He cut off and blushed.
Kearah raised her eyebrows. "Aye?"
"I made a smart-alecky comment to him about sittin' up there daydreamin'," Solvar said hastily. "Then he tried to tackle me and we were wrestlin' around a bit. Only to expend pent-up energy, ye know."
"I've managed to survive to nineteen with several brothers, Solvar. Of course I know," Kearah said drily. She struggled to keep the corners of her mouth turned down. "And?"
"And, well, we didnae realize that the stair was right behind us—so we kind of toppled down it. Mykale found us tryin' to untangle ourselves with a bit of the masonry we knocked down, and he sent us in here," Solvar said.
Kearah couldn't hold it any longer. She dropped onto one of the pallets and burst into laughter. She drew her knees to her chest and buried her face in her skirt, shaking as she struggled to keep it under control. "Ye two—are the worst!" she gasped.
"The worst what?" Varian prodded.
She lunged up and pushed them out of the room. "Ye only need treatment for yer daft brains. Now get up there and no more trippin' down stairs."
"Aye aye, ma'am," Solvar said, making a face at her. They turned and started walking away, pretending to swagger.
She sobered, but before she could call a warning to them, they turned a corner and disappeared from view.
I really like this chapter.
Well done!
And very touching. I really enjoyed reading it!
I just have one editing suggestion to increase the impact on the reader, and that is to put the word beautiful on a separate line, like so:
He ran his hand through his hair..."
James | Thu, 09/23/2010
Thanks, James. Edit duly
Thanks, James.
Edit duly noted and will go in my 2nd draft. :0)
Heather | Thu, 09/23/2010
Michelle Tumes, "There Goes My Love"
Ditto to James.
And I keep liking Kearah more and more!
But this chapter does have me worried about what's to come. I loved the section about God's will. I can't tell you how many times I've been through that same thing in my head.
Kyleigh | Fri, 09/24/2010
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LeBron James
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Thursday, April 13, 2017
Barely Used Girl Names: Alba, Darlene & Tallulah [Part Seven]
Damaris Azul Gretchen Ida Darlene Saoirse Tallulah Alba Essence Winifred - barely used name in the US for female - little girl with flower
Congratulations on the little girl you're expecting in the near to distant future! I couldn't be happier for you! Not pregnant? No problem.
If you're looking for an unusual name for a book character, pet, or simulated video game character, I'm happy that you've also stumbled across this page.
Below are ten interesting names that have either had their heyday in your grandparents era, or have never quite taken off. Either way, these names deserve consideration if you're into the uncommon. Go on, browse a bit, then be sure to check out the other six parts of this series for even more ideas!
Damaris (161 births - #1,428) Damaris was a woman in the New Testament who was converted to Christianity by Saint Paul. It is a Greek name from the word δαμαλις (damalis) which possibly means "calf, heifer, girl". The meaning is a little unusual but the biblical association makes up for it. Damaris has been used for girls in the US since 1916. It also gained minimal usage for boys in 1969. The year with the most female births was 2006, which ranked it at #604 for the year. However, it dropped out of the Top 1000 in 2012. Will it regain some usage in the future? Middle Name Ideas: Damaris Magdalene, Damaris Lily, Damaris Elaine, Damaris Sophia, Damaris June, Damaris Ruth, Damaris Lucille
Azul (160 births - #1,430) Pronounced ah-zhool, Azul is the Spanish word for "blue". This name should gain some popularity for being a triple threat. It's a color, it contains the cool letter Z, and it has that Spanish flair. It's only been around since 1995 in the US. Interestingly, this name spiked in popularity for 4 years (2007-2010) before dropping off the chart again. Could you see it making a splash in the future? Middle Name Ideas: Azul Gabriella, Azul Rosalinda, Azul Carina, Azul Miranda, Azul Selena, Azul Olivia, Azul Victoria
Gretchen (160 births - #1,431) Gretchen is the German diminutive of Margareta, which of course is a form of Margaret, which comes from the Latin Margarita and the Greek margarites meaning "pearl." Gretchen has been in use in the US since 1882 and had the most births per year in 1971. It was almost always in the Top 1000 until it dropped off the chart in 2010. Has Gretchen's time run out, or could it ever be well-used again in the future? Middle Name Ideas: Gretchen Adelaide, Gretchen Elise, Gretchen Rosalie, Gretchen Amelia, Gretchen Charlotte, Gretchen Louise, Gretchen Matilda
Ida (159 births - #1,439) The name Ida comes from the Germanic element id, which refers to "work" or "labor". It was common in England after the Normans introduced it, but it greatly lost usage in the Middle Ages. It made a strong comeback in the 19th century after being used as the name of a heroine in a poem in 1847 by Alfred Lord Tennyson. Births-per-year peaked in 1918 for Ida in the US, but then usage declined until the name left the Top 1000 in 1987. Middle Name Ideas: Ida Genevieve, Ida Lorraine, Ida Delaney, Ida Julianne, Ida Charlotte, Ida Grace, Ida Madeline
Darlene (158 births - #1,443) Exactly as you might guess, Darlene comes from the English word darling, but the suffix -lene was substituted to make it more acceptable as a name. This name first appeared in the birth record in 1896 in the US for girls. It was even briefly applied to males from 1927-1976 and 7 births as recent as 1989. However, this name is better suited for females as evidenced by its peak in popularity in 1958 with over 8200 births for the year. Shortly thereafter, the name began a decline in usage that has yet to turn around. The name left the Top 1000 in 2003. Could you picture modern Darlenes? Middle Name Ideas: Darlene Marianne, Darlene Elizabeth, Darlene Claire, Darlene Olivia, Darlene Rebecca, Darlene Johanna, Darlene Margot
Saoirse (158 births - #1,450) Pronounced SEER-sha, this beautiful Irish Gaelic name means "Freedom". It has ranked as high as #18 in Ireland in recent years, and #88 in Northern Ireland. However, its pronunciation has been deemed too difficult for many Americans, that is, until the name finally gained usage in 1993. With such a large percentage of the population hailing from Irish ancestors, like myself, I'd love to see more pure Irish names being used. Saoirse has never been in the Top 1000, but she is definitely gaining usage year-over-year. The name's familiarity is growing thanks to actress Saoirse Ronan's fame. Middle Name Ideas: Saoirse Caroline, Saoirse Margaret, Saoirse Aoibheann, Saoirse Emily, Saoirse Lily, Saoirse Niamh, Saoirse Maeve
Alba (157 births - #1,452) Alba is actually two different names with different origins. One Alba comes from the male name Albus, an Ancient Roman name meaning "white" or "bright" in Latin. The Second Alba is Germanic and is derived from the element alf meaning "elf". Lastly, Alba is also a word meaning "sunrise" or "dawn" in Italian, Spanish and Catalan. These two different names and a word have been confused over time. Whichever Alba you prefer, it has been in use overall in the US since the 1880s. It briefly ranked in the Top 1000 at the beginning of the century through to 1923, but it has mostly been very rare ever since. Middle Name Ideas: Alba Carolina, Alba Gloriana, Alba Juliana, Alba Violet, Alba Magdalene, Alba Raquel, Alba Maren
Tallulah (157 births - #1,457) Tallulah is a Native American name that is typically said to mean "leaping waters" in the Choctaw language but some argue that it actually means "town" in the Creek language . Perhaps both of them are accurate. This name is pronounced tə-LOO-lə. There's also an Irish Talulla which is a different name with its own meaning. This name appeared on the US birth record back in 1917, but it was very seldom used over the years, including none at all between 1957 and 1978. By 1995 though, Tallulah picked up steam and is inching toward the Top 1000. Will she make it? Middle Name Ideas: Tallulah Belle, Tallulah Jane, Tallulah Noelle, Tallulah Scarlett, Tallulah Vivienne, Tallulah Nayeli, Tallulah Itzel
Essence (156 births - #1,460) This name is relative to the word essence, which is derived from the Latin esse meaning "to be". It also refers to an odor or scent, or it could mean a "fundamental quality". This word name is a guilty pleasure for me. I find it delightful as an unexpected middle name. It had not been used at all in the US, though, until 1973. It moved fast enough to earn a spot in the Top 1000 by 1991 and it continued climbing as high as #490 in 1995. It faded downward again after that, leaving the chart by 2009, but it is a name that I'd like to see used more often. Middle Name Ideas: Essence Aurora, Essence Briar, Essence Josephine, Essence Penelope, Essence Lavinia, Essence Juliet, Essence Kate
Winifred (156 births - #1,467) From the Welsh name Gwenfrewi, Winifred is derived from the elements gwen meaning "white, fair, blessed", and frewi meaning "reconciliation, peace". Winifred has been in use for American girls since the 1880s but it was also occasionally given to boys from the early 1900s through the 1970s. For girls, Winifred's biggest year was 1918 when 1,593 girls were named. It declined thereafter, leaving the Top 1000 in 1965. However, the last few years have shown an increase in usage of the name. Is it vintage enough to make a comeback though? Middle Name Ideas: Winifred Margaret, Winifred Louise, Winifred Adele, Winifred Alice, Winifred Grace, Winifred Sophia, Winifred Esme
What do you think of these ten, barely-used names for girls? Which do you think stand the best chance of revival? Which should stay uncommon? Share your thoughts in the comments or on social media! Thanks for reading!
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50 SKY SHADES - World aviation news
Shortest runway in the world ! (HD 1080p)
Shortest runway in the world! HD 1080p, landing and take off, saba airport (Yrausquin Airport)
Saba/Yrausquin airport : 17º38´44N 63º13´14W
The airport's risky reputation arises from the airport's physical position: it is flanked on one side by high hills; and on the runway's other side and both ends, cliffs drop into the sea. Additionally, the runway at the airport is extremely short (400m) this creates the possibility that an airplane could under/overshoot the runway during landing or takeoff and end up in the sea or dashed on the rocky cliffs.
Although the airport is officially marked as closed to traffic (X), regional airline propeller aircraft are able to land there under waivers from The Netherlands Antilles' Civil Aviation Authority. The most common aircraft to land there are the Twin Otter and BN-2 Islander
Irausquin Airport can be seen from some places in Saint Martin.
Jet aircraft are unable to land at the airport, because the runway is too short (approx. 1,300 ft or 396 m). However, smaller airplanes (DHC-6, BN-2 and helicopters) are common sights there. There is a small ramp and terminal on the southwest flank of the runway. The ramp also has a designated helipad. The terminal building houses offices for Winair, immigration and security, a fire department with one fire truck and a tower. The tower is an advisory service only and does not provide air traffic control. Aviation fuel is not available on the island of Saba.
The only airline currently serving Yrausquin Airport is locally owned Winair, which operates daily flights to Sint Maarten and Sint Eustatius aboard a de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter. The flight to Saint Maarten takes about twelve minutes.
Date: 19 Feb 2016 04:08 categories:
Tatjana Obrazcova
50skyshades rating: 5.0
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“No one knows what will happen tomorrow.” For the promising young pianist Fumiya Koido, this is not merely another one of those generic life quotes. Koido really does aim to live every moment doing his best. The Japanese musician was born and raised in Kamaishi, Iwate, and only played the piano for himself until experiencing the Tohoku earthquake in 2011. Now based in Italy so that he can pursue his musical career, Koido has won numerous competitions abroad alongside prestigious ones in his Japan homeland. The artist opened up to Metropolis about his passion, mission and journey.
Metropolis: When did you start playing the piano?
Fumiya Koido: My earliest memory of the piano is when I was three years old. There was a piano school near my home and I wanted to take lessons, but I was told that I was too young and must wait until elementary school. So I waited. As soon as I became an elementary student I went back to the piano school and started taking lessons.
M: Did you want to be a professional pianist when you started?
FK: Actually, no. I enjoyed playing the piano, but didn’t expect to be a professional pianist at the time. I remember when I was in middle school, I wanted to be a doctor because my body was weak. That’s why I decided to move to Morioka I just thought that if I go to the best high school in the prefecture, it would surely help me in the future. When I was about to enter high school, the Tohoku earthquake in 2011 happened and everything changed entirely. I didn’t even have a piano in my student dorm and I couldn’t even begin to think about piano in the middle of such a tragedy.
M: How and when did piano come back into your life?
FK: At the end of my first year in high school, a person I knew from a music production company in Tokyo reached out to me asking if I wanted to go to Vienna with them. Also, that same winter, the Japanese famous conductor Yutaka Sado came to Morioka for a charity concert. It was the first time in a while that I saw classical music live and it was truly amazing. I was deeply impressed. These experiences made me realize that I wanted to play the piano again, to give hope to people suffering from the earthquake. Piano has such a power. I hope that people experience the power in my piano performances as I do.
M: Your high school has a good reputation for academia and everyone studied there for further education. Do you think your time in this high school helped you in some ways?
FK: If I’m being honest, I don’t know. When I was just a typical high school student in Morioka, not really knowing what I wanted to do with my life, I think that Sado’s performance was able to totally blow my mind and jolt me into wanting to play piano again. I probably wouldn’t have felt that way if I had gone to a high school in Tokyo to exclusively study piano. I never thought about what I should have done or “what ifs” in my life before. No one knows what will happen tomorrow. I don’t look back. This is just how my life turned out.
M: You left the basketball team at the end of your first year, which was considered as a taboo thing to do in your school. Everyone else was studying intending to go to major universities in Tokyo. Did you have any concerns about being different?
FK: Not at all. Despite my piano success, no teacher allowed me to leave the basketball team until my parents came to the school and talked to them. They asked me to stay in the basketball team for three years and to keep attending classes, but I left the team for piano. I was sure piano was what I wanted to do. If you know what you want to do, why don’t you start now? I was never worried about doing something completely different apart from when I found out I didn’t have enough credits to graduate. I had to shovel snow for a week to cover my low attendance.
M: You won the 87th All Japan Music Competition in October 2018 and made a triumphant comeback to Kamaishi for your own recital following April. Could you tell us a bit about it?
FK: I was so excited to perform in my hometown. It all started with the tragedy. I started playing the piano so that I could perform in Tohoku to support those people, like how piano saved me when I was in high school. The audience gave me such a warm welcome and my friends and some of the teachers from my school came to see my performance, which gave me a feeling of community. I never felt this way anywhere else. This has been one of my goals as a pianist. It was such a special night.
M: Do you have any memorable moments from your performances?
FK: My graduation recital at Tsukiji’s Hamarikyu Asahi Hall. It was on March 11 by chance. I was weirdly calm all day. I heard a lot of news about it on that day. I couldn’t help thinking this must mean something. I was thinking about the people from home while performing and it all went well.
M: Do you have any other goals you would like to achieve in the future?
FK: The Russian pianist Alexander Scriabin is one of my favorites, but he’s not popular in Japan yet. I would like to play his songs a lot so that more people know how amazing he is. I played “Scriabin’s Sonata No.2” when I won a big competition as a high school student. Although musical symbols are very limited in classical scores, it felt like I could easily understand how Scriabin would expect me to play. Scriabin taught me how to approach other pianists’ work. He opened up more possibilities to be a pianist.
M: How do you understand or relate to music with no lyrics?
FK: I believe we all have feelings that no words can express, or feelings that fall somewhere between two different words and there’s no right word for it. Classical music can be a more valid method to show one’s feelings than modern pop songs in some cases. | <urn:uuid:afb8c753-56aa-4ba1-ad0c-3d0d0699985a> | https://metropolisjapan.com/fumiya-koido/ | en | 0.987438 | 0.023244 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
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Team Leadership Principles for Running Successful Projects
4 min read
Most projects are group activities that require different people to come together and coordinate activities for organizational improvement. Projects require a combination of talent from different team members, overcoming each others’ weaknesses and complementing strengths where necessary.
Photographer: Austin Distel | Source: Unsplash
The project manager lies at the center of this activity. They are responsible for ensuring that there is cooperation between different team members, direct project activities, and control resources. Project managers must also act as intermediaries and inspire the team to do their best.
In order to perform well, project managers need to have certain leadership principles that guide their action and interactions with team members. Some of the most important principles required of a project leader include the ones discussed below.
Setting Relatable Goals and Objectives
Project leaders must be capable of setting goals and forecasting project requirements in an easy and relatable manner. They should have a keen insight into the project members’ abilities for achieving these goals and explain the requirements in plain and easy terms.
The manager should break down the project into small, actionable parts and determine the time required for completing each task. Whether the project goal is to create a website, improve an existing program or construct something physical, the goals will not be achieved if the team members cannot see how their role fits into it.
Delegation with Authority
Many people find it difficult to relinquish authority or give their subordinates complete freedom to accomplish a required task based on the subordinate’s judgment. This can often create hurdles for successful completion of the project.
You cannot really hold someone responsible for the failure of a project activity if you did not give them complete authority to complete it as they will. If you ask a project member to complete a task in a very specific manner with no room for improvisation, and they fail, you have only yourself to blame.
Almost every project is unique and there is always room for making adjustments. When you delegate authority to a team member, give them the freedom to pursue the task according to their best judgment. This is particularly useful if you won’t be available for guidance when important decisions need to be made.
Hold Project Members Accountable
This relates to the delegation of authority and resource allocation. When passing on authority and resources to team members, the project manager must also let them know how they will be held accountable for their performance.
The team member’s activities must be monitored periodically and there should be a reporting mechanism that allows the project manager to review how they are doing. Good performance should be rewarded while bad or suboptimal performance should be punished.
One reason for the failure of projects is that managers become too lax in their disciplinary actions. They do not hold team members accountable out of fear of antagonizing people.
Fair and Equal Treatment
While it can be difficult to be purely objective at all time, a project leader must have a fair and consistent system of rewards and punishments. If employee A and B both perform well on the project, the manager must be equally appreciative instead of playing favorites and rewarding one team member more at the expense of another.
Fair treatment also applies to punishments. If one project member gets a harsh or critical feedback on failing a given task and the other is just given a slap on the wrist, then this could create a feeling of resentment in the employees that are being treated unfairly.
Building Mutual Trust
Project managers, especially those who are very capable, can often get too involved in specific project activities. This leads to micromanagement of the project. Generally, this occurs when the project leader is under pressure and there are deadlines that have to be met.
Photographer: JESHOOTS.COM | Source: Unsplash
Micromanagement can create a feeling of disrespect in the project members. They might feel that they are not trusted or considered less skilled. This can undermine the trust factor at the workplace and some employees can feel overly scrutinized for their actions.
Ironically, this tends to happen more for project leaders who are very good at certain technical activities themselves compared to managers that are not as technically proficient. The project manager must realize that their role is to lead the project and get work done through their team rather than picking up a wrench and getting hands down into the technical work themselves.
If a team member asks for guidance or training on something, then that is an exception. But in most cases, the project manager must act as an overseeing authority.
Avoid Prejudice and Support Diversity
Project leaders must view their team members with an open mind before passing judgment on their skill levels or competencies. Instead of making quick assumptions, the project leader must engage in a one-on-one conversation and get a practical demonstration of the member’s abilities.
Most people are gifted in one way or another and determining the potential of each team member lies at the heart of completing projects effectively.
Another quality necessary for project leaders is to support diversity at their workplace. Most projects require a diverse set of skills and competencies. If all of your team members are skilled in only one area then you will struggle in the project phase where a different set of skills is required, even when you do very well on the activity that everyone is good at.
Commitment to the Project Goal
Last but not least, the project leader must be committed to the project goals and passionate about the work. When the manager is actually interested in the project deliverables, they are more likely to put in the extra effort and make it a success.
Have something to add? Please subscribe to our course at Projectvanguards.com or get in touch with us! | <urn:uuid:99b344a6-0100-4905-9492-7b3ccfe08acd> | https://project-vanguards-pvg.storychief.io/team-leadership-principles-for-running-successful-projects | en | 0.953277 | 0.112067 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
The following was written by my dad and posted at his request.
As all who have been through planning a wake and funeral know there are many questions to be answered and decisions to be made. It struck me as we left the funeral home that my father could be described as a letter carrier from Brooklyn.
My dad was indeed from Brooklyn and proud of that fact. There were many reminders of Brooklyn in my parents’ home, including three pictures of the Brooklyn Bridge in their kitchen. How he loved that Bridge.
He was a letter carrier – for more than thirty years. He also worked as a part-time custodian at a school and as a helper on a New York Post delivery van. Yes, he worked three jobs at once for many years to provide for his family. That was what he did not who he was.
If you read Samantha’s blog you already know a little about him and how cherished he will always be.
My dad was not a talkative man. He lived a simple life. He lived a happy life. He seemed to know the secret that eludes so many of us. He found happiness in the little things, like having coffee with my mother each morning for more than 65 years. He found happiness working on his crossword puzzles. He found happiness watching Fox News. He found happiness surrounded by family and friends. He found happiness on long walks. He found happiness sitting on the backyard swing, Spanky asleep by his side.
My dad was a proud member of the Greatest Generation. He was a proud veteran of the United States Army and served in Europe during the Second World War. That you all know. What you may not know is that block parties were common during the war years and before leaving for Europe there was one on his block and he and two of his friends (I imagine after more than a couple of Rheingolds) climbed the makeshift stage and sang Apple Blossom Time. What you may not know is how much regard he had for the British people. He would marvel at their resilience and explain how the children were sent to the countryside and the population slept in the Underground. Just a couple of months ago he mentioned he fought at the Battle of the Bulge. I thought I heard, for the first time, a bit of pride in his voice as he said he was with Patton’s Third Army for the battle. I asked what he remembered about that experience and leaned in expecting to finally hear him talk about such an historic moment. He simply said, “It was cold”. How typical. He did add something else. He said he was lucky because as a radio operator he got to sleep in a truck and not in a foxhole. Take a moment to read about the battle and the weather. “It was cold”, will give you a chuckle. He recalled that as the war was winding down and the Americans were advancing through Germany the utter destruction he saw and, in particular, the thousands of dead horses along the way. The German army was out of fuel and had to rely on animals for transport. You may not know that he was present at the liberation of a concentration camp in Germany. He kept this story to himself for over sixty years and when he finally shared this story he broke down and could not continue.
My dad, like many thousands of young men from all over America, answered a call. They served honorably and faithfully. They faced evil. They triumphed and countless lives were saved because of the sacrifices they made.
My dad, like so many others, returned home after the war and simply lived their lives. They found happiness in countless ways. Some, simply over a cup of morning coffee with his wife. A letter carrier from Brooklyn? Not my dad.
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Gravitational Time Dilation
From The Flat Earth Wiki
Gravitational time dilation is a phenomenon in which the difference of elapsed time manifests between two events as measured by observers situated at varying distances from the Earth. Time is seen to dilate in accord with the Equivalence Principle, which predicts that all physical effects which would occur in an upwardly accelerating rocket ship should also happen in a gravitational field. Since the time dilation of clocks would occur at different elevations inside of an upwardly accelerating rocket, it must occur at different elevations in the Earth's gravitational field as well. Supposedly only a 'local' effect, the Equivalence Principle and its uniform nature[1] has been confirmed over various elevations.
From p.8 of Cosmological Physics (Archive) by John A. Peacock, PhD. (bio) we read the following:
“ Many of the important features of general relativity can be obtained via rather simple arguments that use the equivalence principle. The most famous of these is the thought experiment that leads to gravitational time dilation, illustrated in figure 1.1. Consider an accelerating frame. which is conventionally a rocket of height h, with a clock mounted on the roof that regularly disgorges photons towards the floor. If the rocket accelerates upwards at g, the floor acquires a speed v = gh / c in the time taken for a photon to travel from roof to floor. There will thus be a blueshift in the frequency of received photons, given by Δv / v = gh / c^2, and it is easy to see that the rate of reception of photons will increase by the same factor.
Now, since the rocket can be kept accelerating for as long as we like, and since photons cannot be stockpiled anywhere, the conclusion of an observer on the floor of the rocket is that in a real sense the clock on the roof is running fast. When the rocket stops accelerating, the clock on the roof will have gained a time Δt by comparison with an identical clock kept on the floor. Finally, the equivalence principle can be brought in to conclude that gravity must cause the same effect. Noting that ΔΦ = gh is the difference in potential between roof and floor, it is simple to generalize this to Δt / t = ΔΦ / c^2 ”
Gravitational time dilation.png
“ Figure 1.1. Imagine you are in a box in free space far from any source of gravitation. If the box is made to accelerate ‘upwards’ and has a clock that emits a photon every second mounted on its roof, it is easy to see that you will receive photons more rapidly once the box accelerates (imagine yourself running into the line of oncoming photons). Now, according to the equivalence principle, the situation is exactly equivalent to the second picture in which the box sits at rest on the surface of the Earth. Since there is nowhere for the excess photons to accumulate, the conclusion has to be that clocks above us in a gravitational field run fast. ”
Small Scale Experiments
Ultra-precise atomic clocks have confirmed that time dilates at different elevations on a personal scale.
NIST Pair of Aluminum Atomic Clocks Reveal Einstein's Relativity at a Personal Scale (Archive)
Mt. Lemmon
Atomic clocks were compared between locations at the bottom and the top of a mountain, confirming the dilation of time.
Project GREAT 2016a -- Hawking, Einstein, and Time Dilation on Mt Lemmon (Archive)
Mountain valley-360.jpg
Similar Experiments
A similar experiment showing time dilation on a mountain was conducted in 1977 by Briatore and Leschiutta to 11,500 feet on Plateau Rosa.
Ballistic Rocket
According to the mainstream narrative it is claimed that in 1976 the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration engaged in a joint project to test the Equivalence Principle by comparing time dilation at high altitudes and the surface of the earth. A ballistic (sub-orbital) rocket was sent to an altitude of 6,200 miles on an elliptical trajectory over the Atlantic Ocean before falling back down to earth. At a great height an atomic clock on board the rocket was compared to an atomic clock on the surface of the earth, confirming that time dilates in accordance with the uniform nature of the Equivalence Principle. (Archive)
Gravity Probe A
“ Gravity Probe A (GP-A) was a space-based experiment to test the equivalence principle, a feature of Einstein's theory of relativity. It was performed jointly by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The experiment sent a hydrogen maser, a highly accurate frequency standard, into space to measure with high precision the rate at which time passes in a weaker gravitational field.
The experiment was a test of a major fallout of Einstein's general relativity, the equivalence principle. The equivalence principle states that a reference frame in a uniform gravitational field is indistinguishable from a reference frame that is under uniform acceleration. Further, the equivalence principle predicts that phenomenon of different time flow rates, present in a uniformly accelerating reference frame, will also be present in a stationary reference frame that is in a uniform gravitational field.
The probe was launched on June 18, 1976 from the NASA-Wallops Flight Center in Wallops Island, Virginia. The probe was carried via a Scout rocket, and attained a height of 10,000 km (6,200 mi), while remaining in space for 1 hour and 55 minutes, as intended. It returned to Earth by splashing down into the Atlantic Ocean.
The objective of the Gravity Probe A experiment was to test the validity of the equivalence principle. The equivalence principle was a key component of Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity, and states that the laws of physics are the same regardless of whether you consider a uniformly accelerating reference frame or a reference frame that is acted upon by uniform gravitational field.
The equivalence principle can be understood by picturing a rocket ship in two scenarios. First, imagine a rocket ship that is at rest on the Earth's surface; objects in the rocket ship are being accelerated downward at 9.81 m/s². Now, imagine a rocket ship that has escaped Earth's gravitational field and is accelerating upwards at a constant 9.81 m/s² due to thrust from its rockets; objects in the rocket ship that are dropped will fall to the floor with an acceleration of 9.81 m/s². This example shows that a uniformly accelerating reference frame is indistinguishable from a gravitational reference frame.
The 100 kg Gravity Probe A spacecraft housed the atomic hydrogen maser system that ran throughout the mission. Maser is an acronym for microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation, and is similar to a laser, as it produces coherent electromagnetic waves in the microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum (as opposed to lasers which produce light in the visible or ultraviolet region). The probe was launched nearly vertically upward to cause a large change in the gravitational potential seen by the maser, reaching a height of 10,000 km (6,200 mi). At this height, relativity predicted a clock should run 4.5 parts in 10^10 faster than one on the Earth.
The experiment was thus able to test the equivalence principle. Gravity Probe A confirmed the prediction that deeper in the gravity well the time flows slower,[4] and the observed effects matched the predicted effects to an accuracy of about 70 parts per million. ”
Uniform Gravitational Field
Additional reference to the 'uniform gravitational field' of the Equivalence Principle can be seen on p.8 of How The Universe Works: Introduction To Modern Cosmology (Archive):
“ The Gravity Probe A experiment also confirmed another important General Relativity effect: the equivalence principle, which states that the object behaves the same regardless of whether it is uniformly accelerating or placed in a uniform gravitational field. ”
Elliptical Trajectory
Aeronautics and Space Report of the President - 1976 Activities (Archive) contains reference to the device's elliptical flight over the Atlantic Ocean:
June 18 - Gravity Probe A (Red Shift Experiment) - sub-orbital - Scout
“ Objective: To test Einstein’s "equivalence principle," which is the foundation of relativity theory.
Probe: 114-cm long. 96-cm diameter; extremely accurate hydrogen maser atomic clock: support equipment consists of S-band telemetry transponder, battery, and cooling system. Weight: 102kg
Remarks: Launched by NASA into an elliptical flight of one hour and 55 minutes over Atlantic Ocean. Maximum altitude 10,000 km. Data substantially confirmed equivalence aspect of the theory. ”
The experimental claims of mainstream science show that there is difficulty with finding violations of the Equivalence Principle. Experiments with very sensitive equipment show that the uniform nature of the EP is verified to various elevations. If it is claimed that there are variations in gravity, one should be able to directly reference the empirical experiments which show these variations, rather than merely claim or assert that they exist based on rumor or theory.
The few referenced experiments from science history which do claim slight variations of gravity are seen to be conducted in uncontrolled settings (See: Weight Variation by Latitude). Weight is also affected by factors outside of 'gravity'. It is also related to a buoyancy related to pressure, humidity, air viscosity, temperature, etc, which exist differently in different locations, and which may contribute in complex ways to the readings of the scale. Such experiments must necessarily be controlled by all other known factors which affects the scale, ideally conducted in a vacuum chamber. Experimental evidence otherwise shows precise and resounding agreement with the concept that our Earth is accelerating upwards. | <urn:uuid:ae305858-fd86-4cb5-a450-3a7100f4ee4d> | https://wiki.tfes.org/index.php?title=Gravitational_Time_Dilation&oldid=12356 | en | 0.940112 | 0.32424 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Henry IV, Part 1
William Shakespeare
Plot Overview
Summary Plot Overview
Note: 1 Henry IV has two main plots that intersect in a dramatic battle at the end of the play. The first plot concerns King Henry IV, his son, Prince Harry, and their strained relationship. The second concerns a rebellion that is being plotted against King Henry by a discontented family of noblemen in the North, the Percys, who are angry because of King Henry’s refusal to acknowledge his debt to them. The play’s scenes alternate between these two plot strands until they come together at the play’s end.
When the play opens, military news interrupts the aging King Henry’s plans to lead a crusade. The Welsh rebel Glyndwr has defeated King Henry’s army in the South, and the young Harry Percy (nicknamed Hotspur), who is supposedly loyal to King Henry, is refusing to send to the king the soldiers whom he has captured in the North. King Henry summons Hotspur back to the royal court so that he can explain his actions.
Meanwhile, King Henry’s son, Prince Harry, sits drinking in a bar with criminals and highwaymen. King Henry is very disappointed in his son; it is common knowledge that Harry, the heir to the throne, conducts himself in a manner unbefitting royalty. He spends most of his time in taverns on the seedy side of London, hanging around with vagrants and other shady characters. Harry’s closest friend among the crew of rascals is Falstaff, a sort of substitute father figure. Falstaff is a worldly and fat old man who steals and lies for a living. Falstaff is also an extraordinarily witty person who lives with great gusto. Harry claims that his spending time with these men is actually part of a scheme on his part to impress the public when he eventually changes his ways and adopts a more noble personality.
Falstaff’s friend Poins arrives at the inn and announces that he has plotted the robbery of a group of wealthy travelers. Although Harry initially refuses to participate, Poins explains to him in private that he is actually playing a practical joke on Falstaff. Poins’s plan is to hide before the robbery occurs, pretending to ditch Falstaff. After the robbery, Poins and Harry will rob Falstaff and then make fun of him when he tells the story of being robbed, which he will almost certainly fabricate.
Hotspur arrives at King Henry’s court and details the reasons that his family is frustrated with the king: the Percys were instrumental in helping Henry overthrow his predecessor, but Henry has failed to repay the favor. After King Henry leaves, Hotspur’s family members explain to Hotspur their plan to build an alliance to overthrow the king.
Harry and Poins, meanwhile, successfully carry out their plan to dupe Falstaff and have a great deal of fun at his expense. As they are all drinking back at the tavern, however, a messenger arrives for Harry. Harry’s father has received news of the civil war that is brewing and has sent for his son; Harry is to return to the royal court the next day.
Although the Percys have gathered a formidable group of allies around them—leaders of large rebel armies from Scotland and Wales as well as powerful English nobles and clergymen who have grievances against King Henry—the alliance has begun to falter. Several key figures announce that they will not join in the effort to overthrow the king, and the danger that these defectors might alert King Henry of the rebellion necessitates going to war at once.
Heeding his father’s request, Harry returns to the palace. King Henry expresses his deep sorrow and anger at his son’s behavior and implies that Hotspur’s valor might actually give him more right to the throne than Prince Harry’s royal birth. Harry decides that it is time to reform, and he vows that he will abandon his wild ways and vanquish Hotspur in battle in order to reclaim his good name. Drafting his tavern friends to fight in King Henry’s army, Harry accompanies his father to the battlefront.
The civil war is decided in a great battle at Shrewsbury. Harry boldly saves his father’s life in battle and finally wins back his father’s approval and affection. Harry also challenges and defeats Hotspur in single combat. King Henry’s forces win, and most of the leaders of the Percy family are put to death. Falstaff manages to survive the battle by avoiding any actual fighting.
Powerful rebel forces remain in Britain, however, so King Henry must send his sons and his forces to the far reaches of his kingdom to deal with them. When the play ends, the ultimate outcome of the war has not yet been determined; one battle has been won, but another remains to be fought (Shakespeare’s sequel to this play, 2 Henry IV, begins where 1 Henry IV leaves off). | <urn:uuid:11a5d02c-f181-4963-8093-c13cb6937ce4> | https://www.sparknotes.com/shakespeare/henry4pt1/summary/ | en | 0.975106 | 0.083995 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
How to Format a Hard Drive Without a Windows Installation CD
You can format a hard drive without a Windows CD.
If you have a new hard drive or a used one that you want to clear, you need to format the drive. The simplest way to format a drive is with a Windows CD, but if you don’t have one, you will have to do a little more work.
Step 1
Set up your BIOS. There is really only one way to format a hard drive, and it's through some kind of bootable device. If it isn’t the Windows CD, it can be an external drive or another CD. When the computer starts up, it will tell you to hit a function key to enter the BIOS; you must quickly hit whichever key is indicated. Once you are in the BIOS, search through the menus until you get to an option that reads something like "Boot Device Order." Select "CD-ROM," "Removable Device" or something similar, depending on what kind of bootable device you will use. Exit and save your changes.
Step 2
Make a bootable disk. You need to download the files from somewhere to make your bootable device. The Bootdisk website has a good selection of files; some are free and some are not. For a CD, you must have CD-burning software. You will need to run the software to copy the files you have downloaded and select “Make This CD Bootable.” In making the bootable device, make sure one of the utilities you download has a format tool.
Step 3
Restart your computer. Start the computer with the BIOS correctly set and the bootable disk in place. The computer will run from the boot disk or boot CD. If you are using standard DOS on your boot disk, you will just need to type “format C:” ("C" refers to your hard drive). If you are using another program, you will need to use its commands.
Save all data on your hard drive before formatting, because the formatting process will completely erase the contents of the hard disk. | <urn:uuid:47aefcad-f794-4a65-82af-4f493aad708f> | https://www.techwalla.com/articles/hard-drive-windows-installation-cd | en | 0.91913 | 0.027235 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
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Many have said a beat in your future success. | <urn:uuid:55134016-b3fe-4145-b23d-86d9935da321> | http://beatmakersoft.net/free-original-beat-maker/ | en | 0.959858 | 0.020192 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
ZOIPER setup for a SIP account
Basically I need to give a friend of mine who is traveling a VOIP account of a special kind, So to make his experience as simple as possible, I took screenshots of the setup process, but generalized them enough for anyone who wants to setup a SIP account on zoiper.
Step1 : Install zoiper from the google play store, here is a link Install Zoiper , any other SIP CLIENT will do, but this one is the one i made the instructions for.
HINT: From here on, Just look at the pictures, no need to read all this text unless you need to know more things
Step 2: Open zoiper, then go to the config panel, then to accounts.
Step 3: Click the “add account” to add an account to zoiper
Step 4: When asked if you already have a VOIP account, Answer with YES
Step 5: When asked if you want to configure manually, or select a provider, You would want to go with the manual configuration.
Step 6: Now you need to set the account type, zoiper supports both SIP (Session Initiation protocol) which is more or less both a good standard and the defector standard in VOIP, this is the one we want, the other is called IAX (Inter Asterisk Exchange) which is specific to Asterisk, an open source VOIP system
Step 7: Now, we need to give zoiper some settings to know where and how to connect, This data was given to you by your provider,
Account name: Any name you want, for example, the name of the provider, or how you use this account, you can call it my NY number, or TheTech, or any other name you want to use to identify this account
Host: The address of the server, this can be something like voip.example.com or example.com, any internet address whether FQDN or IP address should do.
Username: Self explanatory really
Password: Also self explanatory
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| <urn:uuid:4d5da679-10b7-4266-bff1-a834d5815736> | http://www.tech-g.com/2016/08/27/zoiper-setup-for-a-sip-account/ | en | 0.921439 | 0.022306 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Information of the cars over the van in the world
There are some motor vehicle is a wheeled in the car which is used for transportation. In the 20th century for the global use car came in the development of the economies which depend on them. The birth year of the modern car is 1886 in the inverted of the german is Karl Benz. you could check here Cars are widely speared in the early 20th century. Cars are very possible in 1908 of the T model. It is manufactured in an American car by the ford motor company. In the US cars are adopted rapidly. There are no longer terms are available in western Europe and other parts of the world. They have control of parking, driving, passenger comfort and in the variety of the lights. There are decades in the additional features and controls to be added to the vehicles. You can check here for the information through their website
you could check here
There is a use in the benefits and there cost. They have acquired the individual’s cost it includes some vehicles. There is a collision of traffic in the cause of the largest in the deaths worldwide of related injuries. There some benefits in personal demands they …
History of Volkswagen and T6.1
Volkswagen is a transporter, It is based on the Volkswagen group’s successfully move in the sixth generation and is consecutively named T series like T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6. Best selling truck in worldwide history 12 million quantity sold and varieties of vans, mini-busses, minivans, etc. T6.1 release February 2019. It is a commercial vehicle. T6.1 is a new front model and it’s wider than other models, most bigger air intake so it looks like a big space. Electric version also available in this T6.1 that’s why it called e-transporter and built by ABT partners for Volkswagen. The lights’ effects and vw transporter sportline for sale are set by LED daytime front end lights and taillights. It contains more storage place and an extra style appearance. This Volkswagen model only gets the name of the MIB3 infotainment structure. The touchscreen display size is 8.0-9.2 inches and looks like the mobile phone app. Inside the car safety kits available. Lets brief about Volkswagen transporter based on generation,
Volkswagen T1-Type 2:
vw transporter sportline for sale
It is a commercial vehicle launched by Germany in the year of 1950. The first model called Beetle, a microbus, modern fans, split-screen. A larger compression correlation became stable …
The background of elopement and the modern elopement
In the case of colloquial speaking, elopement is often referred with the performance of marriage that happens in a sudden and secretive fashion. Usually, involvement in a hurried escape that happens from the place of residence to the place of the beloved person which will be happening with the purpose of getting married. In the part of elopement, the couples getaway together and wants to get the approval of their parents. In the case, elopement has exactly differed from kidnapping. The Vittore Buzzi photographer is considered to be the world press photo that makes the shots over celebrities. There is no support of the bride or bridegroom in the part of elopement during the process of kidnapping the bride. In most literally, to get elope means that to get away and there will be no intention for the couple to get back to their place of origin or else their place of their parents.
Vittore Buzzi photographer
The backdrop of the elopement: The performance which is happening in the hast is mean for the term elopement colloquially and then the term elopement is happening with restricted public involvement period. Or else the elopement is happening without the public engagement period. To avoid religious …
You can’t go wrong with them!
The USA is no small country by any terms. The major area of the North American continent comes under the USA territory. Hence to experience the USA, you should decide to take a road trip all through its vast land instead of flights or trains. A road trip is the ideal way to enjoy the urban flavor of the big corporate cities in the USA, and enjoy the less-beaten path of those countrysides with their astonishing natural settings. Motel 6 , is one of the most famous motel chains in North America, where you can have sound sleep to re-energize yourself – more on that later.
Motel 6
Now, if you decided to go for that exciting road trip across the USA, you need to do your planning ahead. The most important thing to keep in mind is the expenses. A good road trip is enjoyable only when you don’t have to do calculations always in your mind, therefore do finish all your monetary calculation before you hit the pedal. If you don’t own a car in the USA, you will have to rent one. Don’t go for that fancy sedan or cute hatchback; you’re going to a very long road trip, … | <urn:uuid:f2bf7316-f7ab-497c-869a-6e97ede81255> | http://www.voxtreme.com/author/gertrud_lindenbaum/ | en | 0.939436 | 0.032977 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
One feature of the climate change debate I find particularly troubling is the extent to which CO2 has come to dominate the narrative. Certainly CO2 is a critical component of the climate change discussion, but there are other important areas of potential advancement that have been essentially ignored in the policy debates and discussions dominated by talk of CO2. One aim of this blog is to form an intersection between climate science and climate policy. My general goal has been to not recommend global policies but to evaluate the information out there and figure out what can actually be accomplished at a regional level. I am going to make an exception in this case as there are some topics upon which even the most dedicated denialists and the most excitable catastrophists should be able to agree; one such topic is that of black carbon. The topic of black carbon has been all but ignored to date in the climate change debate, but the release of a major multi-author paper in June 2013, combined with some very compelling observational data on its effects on Arctic ice and glaciers has brought topic out from under the covers.
Since this topic has received such little play in the past let’s start with a quick definition to help set the stage; this is from the US EPA:
In the IPCC reports, black carbon has historically been more of a footnote. It was recognized as an issue to be addressed but was mostly given short shrift. This was due to the nature of the IPCC process and its reliance on older peer-reviewed articles. The 2007 IPCC Working Group I estimate of black carbon forcing was 0.2 +/- 0.15 W m-2. This should change with the publication of Bond et. al 2013 (and I really mean et. has more high profile authors than you can shake a stick at) published in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres (abstract full report (big file)). As described in the paper:
This new estimate really changes the game with respect to its importance. A particularly troubling aspect of black carbon is its association with decreases in Arctic ice cover and enhancing the retreat of glaciers. Black carbon is produced all over the world but can deposit on ice and snow and microscopic quantities can have pretty significant effects. As described in a paper from Cryosphere: an addition of 8 ng g−1 of black carbon causes a decrease to 98.7% of the original albedo for first-year sea ice compared to a decrease to 99.7% for the albedo of multiyear sea ice, at a wavelength of 500 nm. Thus, instead of the ice reflecting solar rays the black carbon absorbs the radiation. In doing so, the black carbon melts the ice and once melted the ice loses its albedo and the underlying surface (be it soil or water) is able to further absorb radiation resulting in more ice loss. Whether you accept the anthropogenic nature of climate change or not, accelerating glacier retreat and enhanced loss of Arctic and Greenland ice should be a concern as they will contribute to enhancing the rise in ocean levels with ensuing risk to coastal communities and will reduced the availability of fresh water in regions dependent on glacier runoff for their water supplies.
As described above, black carbon seems to be a pretty bad actor in the field of climate change and is damaging to the cryosphere, but it also has another issue that should concern even those people uninterested in these two topics. A large body of scientific evidence links exposures to fine particles (i.e., ambient PM2.5 mass concentrations) to an array of adverse health effects, including premature mortality, increased hospital admissions and emergency department visits for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, and development of chronic respiratory disease ref. So even if you have no interest in climate change you should still want to address black carbon for its human health concerns.
The next question to ask is: where is this black carbon coming from? Well according to the EPA’s report on black carbon, most U.S. emissions come from mobile sources (52%), especially diesel engines and vehicles. In fact, 93% of all mobile source emissions came from diesels in 2005. The other major source domestically is open biomass burning (including wildfires), although residential heating and industry also contribute.
So the problem in North America is mostly associated with wildfires (over which we have little control) and diesel emissions, (over which we have a lot of control). The US has plans for emission controls for diesel engines but by climate change standards the funds being allocated to enhance the efforts are pretty minimal. Accelerating the cleanup of diesel emissions would have an effect on climate change while also improving human health outcomes. This seems like something we can all get behind. One way would be to direct serious research dollars into finding alternatives to diesel fuel for the movement of heavy trucks and trains. In British Columbia, we have a company called Westport Innovations Inc. that has developed a mechanism to convert diesel engines to use natural gas. Similar efforts should be jump-started to speed up the movement away from diesel as the primary fuel for heavy engines (conflict note: I have absolutely no Westport stock in my portfolio and have no financial interests in the company).
While North American and Northern European emissions of black carbon are due primarily to wildfires and transporting goods, sources in developing countries are substantially different than in the United States: mobile sources (19%) and open biomass burning (35%) represent a smaller portion of the global inventory, while emissions from residential heating and cooking (25%) and industry (19%) are larger. The area that really jumps out is the “domestic/residential” emissions or as reported by the EPA, cooking fires. Those of us lucky enough to live in North America are used to being able to use natural gas, electricity or propane to cook our meals but globally over 1.3 billion people are without access to electricity and 2.6 billion people are without clean cooking facilities. More than 95% of these people are either in sub-Saharan African or developing Asia and 84% are in rural areas (ref). These people are left to cook over open fires or in wood stoves using brush, animal dung and any wood they can get their hands on. From a human health perspective, the World Health Organization estimates that indoor smoke from solid fuels is among the top ten major risk factors globally, contributing to approximately 2 million deaths annually. Women and children are particularly at risk (ref). But human health is not the only concern, all that woody material has to come from somewhere and in sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia that means deforestation. I’ve written elsewhere how important intact forests are for ecological protection but they also have serious implications for helping to mitigate/decrease the rate of climate change. So not only are these families putting their lives at risk just to cook their meals, they are also contributing to deforestation and increased release of CO2. In these countries, enhancing access to electric power grids and alternative energy sources should be an aim that we can all agree upon.
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5 Responses to Black Carbon, a Climate Change Topic We Should all be able to Agree on
1. About 20+ years ago I was part of a small team investigating the feasibility of using Dimethyl Ether (DME) as a fuel. I was mostly focused on whether natural gas could be converted to DME, the product transported, and marketed. The initial work to use DME as a diesel replacement was carried out by Halder Topsoe, but there were follow up activities by others, for example:
I decided to reduce my focus on DME when LNG transport became more practical, and after I realized the world didn't have sufficient natural gas to make a difference. My conclusion is that cleaning up Diesel engines and having much more efficient vehicles (for example diesel hybrids with a top speed around 110 km/h) is a better quick solution.
2. Mark says:
Not arguing about carbon black, as you say it is an area of agreement across the board.
This gets me though: and will reduced the availability of fresh water in regions dependent on glacier runoff for their water supplies.
No it won't. The Khmer Vert bleating that it will isn't evidence.
The amount of water available to people, averaged, is the amount that falls from the sky minus evaporation — no more, no less. If the glaciers melt then for a while there will be more water. Then there will be the amount that falls as precipitation. Only if glaciers grow will the amount of water to people be reduced, because that is trapped precipitation.
What changes, slightly, is when snow fall is available as water. Glacier run-off might occur more steadily, including during the hot, dry months. Whereas snow that doesn't glaciate will tend to melt towards the beginning of summer (although if the area is traditionally glaciated, it clearly is capable of all-year snow).
Also glacier water is evens out to a certain extent precipitation from heavy years to light years. It's only a small effect though, since a steady glacier can't melt very fast or it wouldn't be steady.
In the West we would build a reservoir to control water flow if this was a problem. The Third World can do this too, as it happens.
The idea that glacier run-off is somehow magical water than didn't fall as precipitation, and therefore is in addition to rain/snow, is one of the marvels of “green” science. It's growing glaciers that are a threat to water supplies, not reducing ones.
3. Blair says:
Glaciers represent historical water (some people use the word fossilized water) that fell as precipitation in the past and when melted becomes available for use now. Just as fossil fuels simply represent solar energy converted into biological material and eventually converted by time and pressure into oil/gas or coal and ultimately available for use.
4. Mark says:
Sure, but if they were to stop melting, which is the point of action against climate change, their water becomes unavailable. So how does that help anyone at all?
Also, as usual, the Greens work on the basis that everyone is innumerate. The amount of water of a glacier not in the Antarctic or Greenland is not particularly significant.
Think of the amount of water in a glacier a kilometre long. That's the amount of water that passes through a decent river every day (since rivers flow at a lot more than a kilometre per day in speed, and have a width and depth comparable to a glacier).
I've stood at the base of several glacier in summer, and the water that came from them may be the official “source” of the downstream river but the flow is a vigorous stream at the glacier. It is a tiny proportion of that water in the river by the time it reaches people. Most of the water in a “glacier fed river” does not come from glaciers.
The “fossilised water” resource you site is a one or two day's worth of river water in say Peru.
The key is what falls from the sky either evaporates or goes down the river. All a glacier does is put a time lag into that process.
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What is the time commitment?
This depends on the amount of time that the EIR volunteer and teacher has available. On average, EIRs visit the class once per month to facilitate an activity, do a presentation or support STEM learning in some other way. EIRs should expect to commit 2-4 hours per month for in-class visits, prep and planning time. | <urn:uuid:37767123-6635-46e6-a7c4-3c2ed551251f> | https://eir.ca/ufaqs/what-is-the-time-commitment/ | en | 0.940008 | 0.107798 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
“My art is emotional landscapes of a melodic symphony through color therapy, a street romantic voodoo.”
A shopping cart, piloted by a middle-aged male transient wearing long, shaggy auburn-hair, rattles down Market Street. Hydraulic bus brakes squeal as sirens bleed through an unperturbed sea of multi-cultural urbanites, cloaked in jackets, sweatshirts, and a variety of pants. Automobile motors combined with elevated trains, buses, car stereos, and construction crews fill any gap of silence one might expect. Enter CHOR BOOGIE casually toting several plastic tubs filled with an eccentric collection of spray paints cloaked in white t-shirt and faded blue jeans. Insuppressive mettle, gained in a battle won from an adolescent interim, that functioned as a phantasma of deviance, becomes the impetus for a positive addiction, a co-dependency; composing complimentary and conflicting colors. Find Art Magazine recently had an opportunity to ask Chor Boogie about his personal narrative, the growth of his technique, and what drives his perspective.
Tell us about how you developed your name.
When I got into this art-form, urban-arts culture, everyone had a nickname. I was Jason Hailey at the time, and I gave birth to Chor Boogie because I like the feeling of writing it, it was easy for me to do quickly. And this is my chore; and I get boogie with it!
How has San Francisco contributed to the evolution of your art?
I have always worked with colors, but not as fluently as when I arrived in San Francisco and worked extensively with Apex and Vulcan. Even though they are more letter form based, and I tend to gravitate more toward imagery, they were important inspirations in my development. I remember painting Turk Street when I first arrived. I was short on time and started working on another section of the wall and I was doing it really quick. I remember Vulcan looking at me and saying, So you want that to represent  you? I said to myself, Awe shit, alright, I’ll come back and finish this correctly. Came back, completed the wall, and found this style in which I blend colors, form, and patterns to pop out specific images while incorporating realism. Say like a nose, eyes, or maybe a mouth screaming. That piece I entitled Purgatory. It was constructed near an affluent part of the city, but was a designated area for crack heads, drug addicts, and drug dealers. They were all watching us while we were beautifying this poverty stricken street. I’ve been through trials and tribulations in my life when it came to drugs; I had been clean for about six years at that point and I remember looking in and thinking: this is just purgatory.  These transients are just stuck in the middle.  No up. No down. Just stuck. So I called the piece Purgatory.  Ever since then, I’ve employed the concept as a prominent theme throughout my work.
How do you consider yourself to be advancing the medium of spray paint?
By adding detail and the upside down can technique. There are no additives, there are no preservatives, I don’t use any cheat tools, and still, I am pushing my audience to consider how I achieved my overall effect, you know, to think outside the box.
Tell me about discovering the inverted can technique, and how it impacted your work.
The inverted can technique is an old school technique that originated out of the late seventies, early eighties. Artists used to utilize it for fill-ins in their letter effects, background effects in general, I knew nothing about it at the time. This was when I was living in San Diego, working for a spot called Writers Block. This one artist named Vox came through from LA, and he had some crazy technique, and I was wondering how he got all these thin lines in his pieces. At first I thought he was using a stencil cap so I hit him up, and he said, no, but try this and he showed me, and told me I should do that with my characters so I started a piece and it changed my life forever. I adopted that technique shortly after.
What do you mean adopted?
I mean embraced it. I took it into my own. I believed in it, and really buckled down to try to take it to a different level. By me doing that, it basically helped me achieve things that are almost impossible with a spray can when it comes to imagery. It also opened up more opportunity in terms of realism and size. Currently I claim the smallest piece in the world done with spray can, which is two inch by two inch. I think I’m going to go smaller this year, which is one inch by one inch, and that is painting my miniature Boogie Birds, all in spray paint, inverted, on little canvasses.
How do you go about composition when you’re commissioned a mural?
I basically just paint. You know, like an orchestra. Â I envision something on the wall and paint it. My style has developed within itself. I have found foundations in all the artists I’ve encountered along the way because I listen. Their words have been subconsciously imbedded in my head. I still find meaning in what they were saying in terms of form, shapes, color, proportions in portraits, and life in general. Listening is an excellent tool to get ahead in life. Sometimes, it doesn’t matter how much you know you just gotta shut up and listen.
The Silver Queen
Who do you listen to and why?
Klimt, Michelangelo, from a historical standpoint, maybe Leonardo? Klimt because of his use of metallics…and Michelangelo because of his realism, and the scale that he worked on.
What type of message are you trying to communicate to your audience?
Originality. Originality is the key to survival. I’m a traditionalist. My art is emotional landscapes of a melodic symphony through color therapy, a street romantic voodoo. I want my audience to be free. I want my audience to have the freedom of speech, the freedom of feeling. I want to conger some feeling, any feeling within them. As long as they feel something, that’s it. Whether you had a feeling and it was pleasant or unpleasant, it really doesn’t matter, you had a feeling.
Why don’t you change your name back now that you’ve gained notoriety?
I know a lot of artists that change their name back ‘n forth, but I gave birth to Chor Boogie; and Chor Boogie will be the name I run with till the day I die.
Chor Boogie is living proof that Urban Art is still rapidly evolving. Find loves the fact that he pushes the constraints of his medium fearlessly breaking through glass ceilings that few will ever see the glare from. We believe it’s his prolific nature combined with his unique point of view that enables him to recreate himself with each piece he completes. We hope that this now third generation of urban artists graces his heels; because even though he encourages listening, he speaks as an urban sage, guiding audiences to once again consider just exactly what they are viewing.
Check out the new Chor Boogie documentary coming out in 2012. www.spraypaint-themovie.com
To view and purchase artwork from Chor Boogie:
Originally posted 2011-10-26 22:37:17. Republished by Blog Post Promoter | <urn:uuid:a7ecb775-6647-4497-856d-3f2537f83c53> | https://findartmagazine.com/2020/chor-boogie/ | en | 0.972015 | 0.021971 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
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Full vs. Broad Spectrum CBD Tinctures – What are Their Effects?
Full or Broad spectrum?
When choosing a CBD tincture at Hemp CBD Oil Store, one must consider a wide variety of factors. For one thing, they have to decide the proper strength so that they get the right amount of hemp compounds per dose. They also have to decide on a flavor so that they can satisfy their taste buds while taking their daily dose of CBD. But, there’s one factor that’s rarely considered, although it’s arguably just as important as the rest.
There are three types of hemp extracts: broad spectrum, full spectrum and CBD isolate. A CBD tincture can contain any one of these three types of extracts, and which one you go with can largely determine your experience, and whether or not you’re able to accomplish what you want with your new hemp regimen.
Today, we’ll be talking about the two most popular of these three extracts: broad spectrum and full spectrum. While they’re very similar to each other, the differences are just important enough to be worth diving into.
What Does it Mean?
When we talk about full spectrum and broad spectrum, we’re talking about the ways in which the hemp compounds were extracted from the plant material. All CBD products start with the hemp plant. The hemp plant is carefully cultivated before going through an extraction process that usually involves some type of heat and pressure in order to end up with compounds that have been fully separated from the plant material.
Once these compounds have been successfully isolated and extracted from the hemp plant material, they can be chemically composed in a number of ways to produce different kinds of concentrates. Full spectrum extract and broad spectrum extract are two different types of concentrates, with chemical compositions that differ from each other.
Full Spectrum
Full spectrum extract is hemp extract that contains every chemical compound that naturally occurs in the hemp plant. The hemp plant naturally contains a very wide variety of compounds. These compounds include cannabinoids such as CBD, CBN and CBG, as well as terpenes. Terpenes are plant compounds that exist in essential oils, and they determine the flavor and aroma of a particular plant. Furthermore, terpenes seem to naturally contain unique properties such as antibiotic and anti-inflammatory properties. Terpenes that commonly exist in hemp include myrcene, limonene and linalool.
Because full spectrum hemp extract contains every compound in hemp, it contains THC. Now, we know that THC is the psychoactive chemical compound found in marijuana that gives it psychoactive effects, thus making it federally illegal. However, in the hemp plant, THC is only present in about 0.3 percent of the plant material, and this amount is not nearly high enough to be psychoactive. Therefore, full spectrum hemp extract cannot get you high.
In fact, THC is a cannabinoid that may be useful in a number of ways when consumed in low doses. Many studies have shown that THC, like CBD, may have unique properties that can be considered beneficial.
Broad Spectrum
Broad spectrum hemp extract, meanwhile, is a hemp extract that contains every plant compoundfound in hemp except for THC. So, it allows you to experience a wide range of cannabinoids and terpenes, only without THC.
The Entourage Effect
The entourage effect refers to the effect on the body when every hemp compound is consumed at once, as nature intended. This is what occurs when you consume full spectrum hemp extract. Basically, it’s believed that the entourage effect allows for each plant’s potential benefits to be multiplied, because each compound increases the efficacy of the rest. The entourage effect is considered ideal as it allows you to potentially get the most benefits out of taking a hemp product. This is why most people believe that full spectrum CBD is objectively superior.
Using a Broad Spectrum CBD Tincture
Using a Full Spectrum CBD Tincture
A full spectrum CBD tincture allows you to experience the entourage effect, and it means that you’ll be consuming THC as well as all of the other plant compounds. If you feel comfortable consuming trace amounts of THC, this is the way to go. Bear in mind that consuming THC that comes from the hemp plant cannot possibly deliver psychoactive effects, but in rare cases, it can cause the THC to show up on a drug test. However, this is very unusual.
Which is Better?
So, which option is right for you: a broad spectrum CBD tincture or a full spectrum CBD tincture? Well, it all depends on your preferences. Again, most experts feel that a full spectrum extract is superior because of the entourage effect. However, it’s understandable that some people want to completely avoid THC, so if that’s the case, go with broad spectrum.
Also, bear in mind that aside from the chemical composition of each concentrate, they don’t really differ from each other in any way. Broad spectrum and full spectrum tinctures are about the same in terms of price, so you won’t save any money by going with one over the other. Additionally, they taste and smell the same, so you won’t experience any differences between the two. And, finally, the potency level doesn’t differ due to the presence of THC or lack thereof.
Comes Down to Preference
At the end of the day, whether you choose a full spectrum CBD tincture or a broad spectrum CBD tincture is totally up to you. However, as you can see, one provides you with the full entourage effect, while one does not. Use this guide to decide which type of extract is right for you as you begin a new CBD tincture routine.
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The Endocannabinoid System – What Is It and Why Is It Important?
cbd oil
This amazing internal system interacts with the active compounds in the cannabis plant, such as THC, CBD and lesser known cannabinoids like CBN. Without the endocannabinoid system, cannabis wouldn’t get you high, nor would it have so many profound therapeutic benefits.
The Discovery Of The Endocannabinoid System
The discovery of the endocannabinoid system came as a development after the discovery of plant cannabinoids. Raphael Mechoulam first scientifically found THC in the 1960s. His findings caused a rush to find out how the molecule worked, and whether the body naturally produced anything similar.
It wasn’t until the 1990s that the same researcher found evidence of internal cannabinoids. Mechoulam found that the body had a system that THC interacted with, and that similar cannabinoids produced within the body interacted with the same system.
Cannabinoids Produced In The Body
There’s more to the ECS than its interaction with the cannabis plant. The body produces its own endocannabinoids (‘endo’ means within), and these too interact with the cannabinoid receptors in the body and brain. Endocannabinoids act as messengers to signal to the body to keep vital processes in balance.
The Endocannabinoid system is concerned with the overall homoeostasis of many physiological functions. It helps to regulate sleep, appetite, immune responses, mood, pain, pleasure, memory, motor control, cellular health and more, and aims to keep the whole biological system working coherently and holistically. That is why the endocannabinoid system is now an emerging focus of pharmacotherapy.
It’s quite amazing to think that the body has a system for regulating itself. The fact that this system also interacts with the cannabinoids found within the cannabis and hemp plant, explains why there are so many medical applications and health benefits associated with CBD oi l and other supplements.
Receptors, Enzymes and Molecules
Cell receptors receive signals and communicate to the inside of cells to elicit a certain response. They are activated by the right molecules.
The two primary cannabinoid receptors in the ECS are named CB1 and CB2. CB1 is abundant in the nervous system and brain, and has been linked to the moderation of pain and inflammation, regulation of the activity of neurons, modulation of seizures, and motor control and more. THC, one of the main cannabinoids in the cannabis plant, binds directly with the CB1 molecule, causing psychoactive as well as healing effects.
CB2 is not found so much in the brain and spinal cord, but is found in abundance in immune cells, the peripheral nervous system and peripheral organs like the spleen. It is keyed to CBD, and has anti-inflammatory and immune boosting effects on the body.
The main endocannabinoids (cannabinoids that are made naturally within the body) that have been identified and studied so far are anandamide and 2-AG.
Anandamide is also known as the ‘bliss molecule’. It regulates mood, pain, memory and more, and activates the CB1 receptor, the same receptor that is affected by THC.
2-AG is an agonist for both the CB1 and CB2 receptors, and binds fully with the CB2 receptor. It is thought to be the most abundant endocannabinoid in the body, and is responsible for the regulation of the immune system, pain and appetite.
Both of these endocannabinoids are produced on demand when needed by the body, and are then broken down by enzymes that function within the ECS, specifically FAAH for anandamide and MAGL for 2-AG. Incidentally, this is the reason why natural endocannabinoids do not ‘get you high’ in the same way as THC – the enzymes do not break down the THC instantly after use, and so it lingers for longer.
How Does CBD Interact With The Endocannabinoid System?
When the body does not produce enough natural cannabinoids or cannot regulate them properly, whether due to external factors like stress or bad diet, or chronic conditions and pathologies, the body and mind can become more susceptible to illness and imbalances. Homoeostasis is more difficult to achieve.
When this happens, medical cannabis and hemp extracts like CBD can be used as a supplement. They interact with and boost the functioning of the endocannabinoid system.
THC binds with the CB1 receptor directly. CBD works a little differently. It interacts with a number of receptors in the brain, but not directly with the CB1 – therefore it doesn’t get you high! It actually moderates the effect of THC by knocking it away from the CB1 receptor, and therefore has anti-psychotic functions.
CBD also prevents the enzyme FAAH from breaking down anandamine too quickly, and makes more available for cells to use. With more natural endocannabinoids available, CBD acts as a natural mood enhancer with many therapeutic benefits, such as in anxiety disorders.
This explains why cannabis and hemp-based medicines like CBD can have a positive impact on such a wide range of ailments. By bringing the endocannabinoid system back into optimal functioning, the body becomes more capable of achieving its state of natural homoeostasis. | <urn:uuid:c1d99819-2738-4ace-9e2e-d5c54f06e3bf> | https://hempcbdoilstore.com/tag/hemp-extract/ | en | 0.936854 | 0.028644 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
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Compare the best Tapping real estate agents on their fees, commission rates, sales stats and client reviews, anonymously.
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Effie Zahos, Money Magazine
10 Best Real Estate Agents in Tapping
The top 10 best real estate agents in Tapping, by volume of sales (in no particular order), are Demo Foufas RE/MAX Extreme, Cindy King, Brendan Walsh, Carole Saville, Vern Patience, David Brewer, Brett White, For Sale By Owner (WA), Mike Gjestland and Peter Parsons who combined sold 31 properties in Tapping. These agents made up 66% of the overall sales in Tapping since October 1st, 2019.
In total, Tapping as a suburb made up of 39 real estate agents, who combined sold 47 properties since October 1st, 2019.
Currently, there are 0 houses and 0 apartments listed for sale in Tapping. In the past 12 months, 98% of the properties that sold in Tapping were house at an average sale price of $442,767. Real estate agents in Tapping also sold 1 apartment at an average sale price of $339,000
Interestingly, 0% of the house sales in Tapping go to privateTreaty, while 0% of their apartment listings sell via auction.
The most outstanding result in terms of price was achieved by Demo Foufas from RE/MAX Extreme who sold 63 Nankeen Circle, Tapping a 4 bedroom, 2 bathroom house via privateTreaty for $681,000
The last recorded sale in Tapping was by, Simon Bird from Sherlock Homes Group who sold 20 Galileo Avenue, Tapping a 4 bedroom, 2 bathroom house via privateTreaty for $495,000 on 2020-03-31.
Top Agencies in Tapping
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Hey Agents compares all 39 active real estate agents in Tapping. And also compares agents who have sold comparable properties in your price point in nearby suburbs such as Ashby, Carramar and Banksia Grove.
How does Hey Agents work?
1. Get started by answering a few basic questions about your Tapping property and what you’re looking for in an agent.
2. Straight after completing the basic questionnaire, you’ll have access to browse and compare every agent that’s sold a property in and around Tapping within the past 12 months.
What information do I get?
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Feds Sued for $10 Million for Allegedly Losing JFK Assassination Film
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Published on: November 27, 2015
Just this week, the 52nd anniversary of the assassination of John Fitzgerald Kennedy went by quietly in America. Besides the famous Abraham Zapruder film that is often shown in many JFK assassination documentaries and was used throughout the film JFK, there is another film from Dealey Plaza in Dallas, Texas that was shot on November 22, 1963, which captured John F. Kennedy’s assassination from another angle. It was shot by a man named Orville Nix and his film has also been used in several documentaries. Now, one of his descendants, Gayle Nix Jackson, has filed suit in federal court, charging that the federal government has allegedly “lost” the original footage taken by her grandfather.
Mrs. Jackson is suing the United States and the National Archives and Records Administration for $10 million.
Nix’s film footage was taken from the left side of the presidential motorcade and captures the moment that JFK was struck with the fatal headshot, as well as a fairly clear view of the area where many have theorized that another shooter was stationed, the infamous grassy knoll.
Nix had purchased his camera about a week before Kennedy arrived in Dallas, according to Jackson in court documents.
Trending: We Will All Be Tested...Soon
Courthouse News reports:
Nix eventually sold the film to UPI in exchange for a copy of the film, $5,000 and a new fedora hat, as well as a handshake agreement that the film would be returned 25 years later, according to Jackson’s lawsuit.
Nix’s granddaughter says the federal government has been in possession of the film since 1978, when the U.S. House of Representatives Select Committee on Assassinations obtained it, before supposedly transferring it to the national archives after the conclusion of the Warren Commission.
Since 1998, Jackson has been unsuccessful in tracking down the original film.
“Through gross negligence, omission or concealment of information and record keeping, the defendants and its agencies have placed plaintiff’s property, a valuable and historical film of the JFK Assassination, in a state of limbo and to her detriment,” her lawsuit says.
Additionally, Jackson wrote on her website, “His camera was an auto-zoom camera with a handle grip that he emotionally squeezed while watching the horror of the thirty-fifth president’s death unfold before him. He wasn’t sure until he had the film developed a week later that he had assassination footage, but he believed until his death on January 17th, 1972 that shots came from the ‘stockade fence’ area now called the grassy knoll. The FBI kept his film for three days and his camera for over five months. When his film was returned he felt it looked ‘different’ and when his camera was finally returned, it came back in pieces. The FBI had taken it apart to ‘study’ it. He sold the copyright to UPI in 1963. It was subsequently returned to Gayle Nix Jackson and family in 1990.”
“It was at that time the family learned the camera original film was missing,” she wrote. “Who has it? Why is it missing? What does it show? His story is one of an ordinary American who finds his life changed by the secretive and often ruthless powers of the government, the media and society due to his place in history.”
Remember that this is the same government that lost JFK’s brain as well.
The Zapruder film was purchased by tax payers via the federal government for $16 million. Jackson claims that since her grandfather’s film was “was determined by the Warren Commission to be almost or nearly as important as the Zapruder film,” it should establish a basis for her $10 million suit.
Today, many, even a generation down the line believe that the same people who targeted JKF, also murdered his brother Robert and Martin Luther King, Jr., and that the Central Intelligence Agency has been involved in the coverup of the assassination of JFK all along, even taking part in it. A recent documentary even theorizes that George H. W. Bush was involved in the assassination.
But why? Why was JFK assassinated? Was it due to these two famous speeches, which you can read about here and here, and his willingness to go after the corruption he saw?
Below you can view a copy of what we have today from the Nix film, followed by the Zapruder film.
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How Two Small Words Can Make Someone’s Day and Change Their Life
The power of one.
POO — Power Of One
She loved working for the corporate world. She loved being where big things were happening. She loved wearing pretty outfits, even though they were always hidden under her uniform. She loved putting on makeup and looking pretty. Her mama always told her how beautiful she was, just like her namesake.
“One day,” her mama reassured her, “one day, someone will notice you.”
And she, believed in her heart of hearts, that one day it would happen.
She didn’t hate her job. It was honest work. And she loved having so much at her disposal. Sometimes the women would stuff hardly-worn outfits into the bins, when they came back from shopping during their lunch breaks. Once or twice she found gorgeous pairs of shoes. “Can’t wear last season shoes!” one woman laughed, as she told her friend in the stall next to her. Luckily she and the woman were the same size. As soon as the women had left, Marilyn stuffed her prize into her bag. And once, there was a woman, who forgot a brand new makeup kit with all the latest colors, right there on the edge of the sink, where Marilyn was cleaning. Looking at her watch, the woman remembered that she was late for a meeting and rushed off. Even though the woman was a regular and had even returned once or twice that same day, she never asked about her forgotten makeup kit. She never showed any sign that it was missing. A couple of days later, she had a new one.
11:45, just before lunch, was the busiest time of the day. She loved it when there was a queue. She loved smelling their perfumes and trying to guess, who wore what. She loved listening to their chatter and the latest office gossip. Sometimes, while each took her place in her own little booth, they would share the most intimate details of their relationships as if no one else was there. But she was always there. Based on the bits and pieces she gathered, she would make up stories about them: what jobs they held and the lives they led.
She always did her best to make things pleasant for them. Unlike the others on her team, she took pride in scrubbing the stalls clean: the toilet bowls, the doors, the handles, the locks, and especially the floor, where so many of the women dropped their bags. (When John from maintenance refused to replace the broken hooks on the doors, she went about it on her own.) She always made sure that the mirrors were sparkling and there were no stray hairs or cosmetic remnants in the sinks. As she scoured and hummed to herself, she often wondered, if at home they ignored flushing the toilet, even when they made #2.
And then one day something happened. In all the years that Marilyn had been there, it had never happened before. The woman in red must have been a visitor, because Marilyn had never seen her and she knew all her clients. She must have held a senior position in some company and had come for an important meeting. There was something different about her. As she was about to leave, she turned to Marilyn, smiled and said, “Thank you.”
Finally someone noticed her, just like her mama had promised.
(Inspired by a true event.)
I believe in Kindness. I believe in POO.
It’s time to Risk a RASK — Random Acts of Simple Kindness.
It’s Time 2 Lead.
It’s time to THRIVE!
Originally published at medium.com
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Indra Krutha Krishna Stotram
Indra Krutha Krishna Stotram
[Indra's prayer of Lord Krishna]
Composed by Lord Indra
Translated by P. R. Ramachander
[Here is a rare, remarkable and very musical prayer detailing the pranks of Lord Krishna as a boy in Brindavan. After reading this I am wondering why it did not become one of the very popular prayers addressed to Lord Krishna.]
Aksharam param brahma jothi roopam sanathanam,
Gunatheetham nirakaram swecha mayam anathkam, 1
Bhaktha dhyanaya sevayai nana roopa dharam varam,
Shukla raktha peetha shyamam yugankramanena cha, 2
Shukla theja swaropascha sathye sathya swaroopinam,
Threthayam kunkumakaram jwalantham brhama thejasa, 3
Dwapar peetha varnancha shobitham peetha vasasa,
Krishna varnam kalou krishnm paripoorna thamam prabhum, 4
Nava dhara dharothkrushta nava Sundara vigraham,
Nandaika vandanam vande yasoda nandanam prabhum. 5
I salute the son of Nanda and the darling of Yasoda,
Who never decays, who is the glittering form of Para Brahma,
Who is beyond properties, who does not have form,
Who takes the form as per his wish, who does not have end,
Who assumes various forms for his devotees to meditate and serve,
Who according to yugas is white, red, yellow and black,
Who takes the form of truth, white in colour in Tretha yuga,
Who is shining red and glittering like Brahma in Dwapara yuga,
Who shines in his yellow form dressed in yellow silk in Krutha yuga,
Who is the lord who is black and entire in the age of Kali,
And who assumes the new pretty form similar to the new cloud.
Gopika chethana haram radha pranadhikam param,
Vinodha murali shabdha, kurvantham kouthukena cha, 6
Roopenaa prathimenaiva rathna bhooshana bhooshitham,
Kandarpa koti soundaryam bhibratham santhameeswaram. 7
I salute that lord of peace, who is as pretty as billions of Gods of love,
Who steals the minds of Gopis, who is more dear than her soul to Radha,
Who just for fun plays the peculiar sounds of the flute,
Who has unmatchable form and who adorns himself with gem studded ornaments.
Kreedantham radhayta sardham, vrundaranye cha kuthra chith,
Kuthra chinnir janaranye radha vaksha sthala sthitham, 8
Jala kreedam prakurvantham, radhaya saha kuthrachith,
Radhika kabari bharam kurvantham kuthra chidwane, 9
Kuthra chithadika pade datha vandal malakthakam,
Radha charvitha thamboola, grahnadham kuthra chinmudha, 10
Pasyantham kuthra chidradhaam pasyanthim vakra chakshusha,
Datha vanthascha radhaai kruthwa malancha kuthra chid, 11
Kuthrachid radhaya sardham gachantham rasa mandalam,
Radha datham gale maalam druthavanthascha kuthrachith. 12
I salute that God who some times plays with Radha in the forest,
Who lies on the chest of Radha in the forest,
Who some times is busy playing love sports in water with Radha,
Who some times makes up the hair of Radha in the forest,
Who some times in the forest paints the feet of Radha,
Who some times chews the half chewed Thamboola given by Radha,
Who some times stares at Radha with side long glances,
Who some times makes a garland of flowers and gives to Radha,
Who some times goes with desire to the group dance with Radha,
And who some times wears the garland made by Radha herself.
Sardham gopalikabischa viharanthascha kuthrachid,
Radhaam graheethwa gachantham thaam vihaya cha kuthrachid, 13
Viprapathni dathamannam bhkthavanthascha kuthrachid,
Bhukthavantham thala phalam balakai saha kuthrachid. 14
Vasthram goapalikanancha harantham kuthra chid mudha,
Gavam ganam vyaharantham kuthrachid balakai saha, 15
Kaliya moordhni padabhjam datha vanthascha kuthrachid,
Vinodha murali shabdham kurvantham kuthra chid mudha, 16
Gayantham ramya sangeetham kuthrachid balakai saha,
Nandaikanandanam yasodanandanam prabhum. 17
I salute the son of Nanda and the darling of Yasoda,
Who some times used to wander listlessly with Gopis,
Who some times holds Radha and some times leaves her out and goes,
Who some times ate the food given by the wife of a Brahmin,
Who some times ate the fruit of Palmyra with the boys,
Who just for fun some times steals the apparel of Gopis,
Who along with children sings and follows the cows,
Who some times used to place his feet on the head of Kalia the serpent,
Who just for fun used to make pleasing sounds using his flute,
And who some times used to sing pleasing songs along with other kids,
Indra krutham stotram nithyam bhakthya cha ya padeth,
Iha prapya drudaam bhakthimanthe dasyam labheth druvam, 18
Janma mruthyu jara vyadhi sokebhyo muchyathe nara,
Nahi pasyathi swapnepi yama dhootham yamalayam. 19
If this prayer which is composed by Indra is read with devotion,
Then definitely one will get unflinching devotion and service of the lord,
And also would get rid of sorrow caused by birth, death, old age and diseases,
And also one will not even in our dream see messengers of death or the land of Yama. | <urn:uuid:5905064f-2bc8-4a01-b6e0-5970a8a4195b> | https://www.celextel.org/vishnu-stotras/indra-krutha-krishna-stotram/ | en | 0.872414 | 0.067091 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
#266 The “No-Discount’ Abandoned Cart Email Sequence with Chris Orzechowski
Episode #266
Email marketing gets results, plain and simple.
When you have direct access to your audience you can grow a business around any product in any economy.
I’ve been saying this for years. And whenever I meet someone as obsessed with email marketing as I am, I have to get them on the show.
Allow me to introduce you to Chris Orzechowski.
Chris is awesome.
He’s the founder of Orzy Media, an email marketing agency that helps e-commerce brands grow fast, and the author of Make It Rain: The Secret to Generating Massive Paydays From Your Email List
He came on the show to share his love of helping e-commerce brands master their marketing and reach new heights.
We talk about effective email marketing techniques for creative product brands…
• How one automated abandoned cart sequence can generate sales for years.
• How to make your emails stand out and get opened, WITHOUT selling yourself short with discounts.
• Email list segmentation and list building for beginners.
• And SO much more…
If you’ve been procrastinating on email marketing or struggling to boost your metrics, here are a few simple tips to help you out.If you’ve been procrastinating on email marketing or struggling to boost your metrics, here are a few simple tips to help you out.
#266 The “No-Discount' Abandoned Cart Email Sequence with Chris Orzechowski Shownotes
“I like to have at least a little little bit of a line in there and to say, Hey, you know if you had any questions or if you had any problems checking out because that's something you know, sometimes too, depending on, you might look at your checkout be like, this makes total sense. And other people might be going through it. And they're not used to because we're using the platform. Normally just buying an issue with a credit card or PayPal or whatever you're using. You never know.”
Tracy: Welcome to the Thrive by Design podcast episode 266. Oh my gosh, you are going to love today's episode but before I dive into that, let me introduce myself. Hey there, I'm Tracy Matthews. I'm the Chief Visionary Officer of Flourish and Thrive Academy and the host of the Thrive by Design podcast. And I'm excited to be here to be chatting with all your jewelry and creative product business owners about email marketing. In fact, today's episode is going to be super fun because I interviewed Chris Orzechowski about a killer of no discount abandoned cart sequence and you are going to love his strategy. Chris is awesome. I met him a couple years ago at a copy writing event.
And I got a reintroduction more recently from one of our students, Mary Geraldine, which was super fun. She has an amazing brand called Gardens of the sun. Go check her out. She's awesome. And email marketing has been a hot topic all year because it is actually working so well. It's working so well that we ended up releasing a bunch of business bundles and the first one that we released is called the Emails That Sell done for you bundle. So if you're interested in learning more about our business bundles, you can head on over to the show notes, which is http://flourishthriveacademy.com/266 And check out all the amazing business bundles that we have over there. But this has come up because we've been working really hard with the members in our community to keep their businesses afloat and pivot because of a lot of their traditional sources and in particular, doing art shows and events, and wholesale, a lot of that was canceled for a majority of the year.
And I know some of you in the summer months, have been doing your art shows and all those things. And you've been able to recoup some income in a very interesting way. And I just want to remind you that right around the corner is the holiday season and we want to get our email marketing game on point, develop a strategy where we're emailing people on a regular basis and getting our automated sequences set up. And that is what Chris is going to be talking about today. In fact, we work in depth with the students in our programs on how to set up automations in their business. Particular marketing automations amongst many other things, to help them drive more sales and traffic to their website, because we know, any time when you have direct access to your customers, you can grow a really successful business in any economy that does not rely on a lot of the things that we've been counting on, like in person shows and all those things.
And so I really want to empower you that if you've been stuck working really hard in your business, and it doesn't seem to matter, like how hard you're working, you're not getting the result that you want. Maybe you feel like you're spinning your wheels, maybe you're a little bit overwhelmed, because there's a lot of stuff to do. And you're starting to realize that all the things that you did to grow your business to get it to where it is right now is no longer working anymore, and you're frustrated because you can't see a clear path out of it and drive the ship on your own. And so I've been talking to a lot of people lately, and I know that for the majority of business owners, they will often hit these sort of business plateaus at a certain period of time because they are working in their, you know, with their own frame of reference, they have their own version of confirmation bias and how they're seeing things and they can't see their blind spots or the things that they can't see in business.
So unless they have, get some help from outside eyes, it's really hard to overcome some of these things that happen as you're a growing business. So if you're feeling like you would like to move a little bit faster this holiday season, you're ready to get some outside eyes on your business and you'd like constructive feedback on what's happening. And also maybe someone to kind of take a look at inside your business and point out some of the blind spots and gaps you have. Because trust me, you can't see them yourself. You don't even realize that you have them. But we all have them. In fact, let me tell you a little story. My blind spots were the thing that actually led to the demise of my first company in 2008, because I was ignoring crucial signs of things that were happening and I did not pivot fast enough. And so my goal is to help as many of you come out of this a weird a half year possible on top or doing the best that you possibly can.
So if you're interested in hearing more about that, I'd love to invite you to apply for a FREE Business Accelerator Audit. On those audits, we're going to do just what I said, we're going to take a look at your business, take a look at where you want to go, your big picture vision, we're going to take a look at some of the things that might be holding you back from reaching your goals as quickly as you like. And we're going to lay out a clear path forward, so you know exactly what you need to do using our Desire Brand Effect methodology. And if it makes sense, we're going to share with you how we can help you implement that in your business quickly. So head on over to https://www.flourishthriveacademy.com/strategy/
And see if you qualify for a FREE Business Accelerator Audit right there. You start to fill out a quick application and you'll know in just a few minutes, and it's easy peasy simple. Alright, so let's dive into today's episode. Chris is awesome. I was super pumped to talk to him and I'm very excited for him to share this Amazing information about the no discount, abandoned cart sequence, pretty cool stuff. And let me just do a quick introduction of him. Chris Orzechowski is the founder of Orzy Media, a boutique email marketing agency that helps ecommerce brands grow fast. He's also the author of the book, Make it Rain: The Secret of Generating Massive Paydays For Your Email List. So you're gonna love it. Let's dive into this episode with Chris.
Tracy: I am super excited to have Chris Orzechowski. on the show today. Thanks so much for being here, Chris.
Chris: Thank you for having me, Tracy.
Tracy: Well, we just found out in the pre interview because when I was introduced to you by one of our students, Mary Geraldine of garden of the sun, she introduced you to talk about this abandoned cart sequence and then I was like, I was looking at your website. Like I think I know that guy. And it turns out that we met at Kevin Rogers Copy Chief Live because I went to go check it out. My friend Laura Belgrade was singing. She was singing. No, she was dancing.
Chris: She might have been singing.
Tracy: So I was like, I know I'm so it's so fun that we've actually met in person before a couple years ago.
Chris: Yeah, yeah, that was a good event. It was fun.
Tracy: Yeah, super good. Well, thanks for being here. So you're an email copywriter and you specifically write for e-commerce brands in a lot of ways. So I want to hear a little bit more about your background and your journey into copywriting and kind of what you do and what your agency does.
Chris: Yeah, absolutely. So obviously, you know what, most people kind of found this after college and after working a different job, I used to be a school teacher. I taught special education, middle school before that was elementary school and it wasn't a bad gig, but it just wasn't really for me. And, you know, I always saw I saw these people using the internet to make money and I was like, how does that work? I gotta, I gotta like, learn that I got to figure that out. So they sent me down the rabbit hole. I discovered copywriting. I started doing that on the side next weekend and eventually built up enough clients before I could leave the teaching job and I worked with all kinds of clients.
You know, the last seven years and in the beginning, it was usually a mix of like, you know, some ecommerce brands, some, even some brick and mortar, a lot of digital publishers, people sell courses and masterminds and things like that. And I just remember, like, looking back at all the projects that I did after like, halfway through my career, and I look back and I said, Man, every time I work with one of these e-commerce companies, everything just seems to work. It just works really, really well. You know, like, I would do these, you know, I've done a number of multimillion dollar course launches with different people, Jeff Walker, John Assaraf, a lot of different, you know, bigger name, dudes, people in the industry, you know, and we always been on pins and needles, or at least I would be, you know, you'd write 300 pages worth of copy. And then for three weeks here, like blood pressures through the roof.
Yeah, like, are we gonna hit our numbers? Or is this thing gonna flop and it's like, you know, it was just a very, after a while, just became a very stressful way to live month after month. And then I do these ecom projects and be like, wow, we did that email sequence we made 100k like that was easy, like, So eventually, I got to that point, I was like, why don't I just hyper focus on these people, the ecom people and then when I started looking around the industry, I just started noticing, like, there were, there was a lot of room for improvement.
You know, there's obviously some brands to do it very well, but I just kept seeing with, I just kept seeing, like, every email like a big flashing picture discount, and then there were some brands and they were just doing the same sale every week. I'm like, it's been the eighth week in a row and 40% off sale, it's like your products just cost that much. It's not even a you know, like higher. So yeah, so I was like, there's got to be a better way to kind of do the calm email thing and a lot, a lot of my clients we can find a lot of successful me just writing a really great copy. And I was like maybe this will work for a lot different brands. And the more and more I tested out the more and more I just started work.
Tracy: So what are the range of types of companies that you've worked for before worked with in the e commerce space.
Chris: So I work with a lot of different brands. So a few meal, meal prep, meal delivery companies. Chef was one of my bigger clients. They're no longer in business, but they were a big startup and competing like Blue Apron and Hellofresh. I worked with Factor75 which is another meal delivery company, Filippo Loreti.
Tracy: The watch company.
Chris: Yeah. And I did there must have been back in 2016 I think it was we did a Kickstarter and did 5.2 million in 30 days. And so that was like, awesome. Yeah. You know, that was one of those I was like, holy crap, this is so cool.
Tracy: Can you repeat that? How much did you do in a few days?
Chris: It was like $5,170,000 depending on currency conversions at the time, you know, around give or take, you know, a couple hundred thousand or 100,000 or so. But you know, it was it was a decent sized Kick starter things are the 18th biggest of all time at that time, I think a few of you know, bumped us down the list but and then we did another one the year before where we, you know, kind of recycled the campaign updated, refreshed it and did like another 4.4. So, those are fun gigs. But you know, it was a great great company, great products and a hungry audience and it was just kind of like a perfect storm kind of thing but trying to think what other brand right now I have a supplement client we have a client that smells – spells sells. Whoa, hello,
Tracy: Smells, Spells and sells
Chris: I promise it's all it's all it all comes together. They sell a spray for if you you know smoke marijuana or cigarettes, whatever, you don't want it to smell like it they smell a spray that gets rid of it like that and lasts and then we have another client who sells called carnivore snacks and they're like dehydrated not dehydrated, but kind of like dehydrated and baked like rib eyes. So it's like imagine you took like, you know, a one pound rib eye and you put it into a little bag you fit in your pocket and you take it anywhere needed. So it's pretty cool. So pretty wide variety
Tracy: Not just for those that's not for the vegans but..
Chris: It's definitely not Yeah, definitely not not for them.
Tracy: So you've done you've written email copy for like a range of products from like high end jewelry, and watches to like meat in a bag? So, in your opinion, I mean, I know we talked a little bit about how you got into copywriting for e-commerce, but like, Is there really like a big difference between writing for the different types of products? And like, what are those differences?
Chris: Good question. Um, you know, the biggest differences that I find like, I think from a strategy perspective, there's not a ton of differences. I mean, maybe here and there maybe for selling like a mattress versus supplement you know, mattress where you purchase once a decade versus supplement which you got to purchase every 30 days, like there's going to be some nuance in strategy there. But the one like the frame, and the lens that I like to look through with all this is that all of your emails really shouldn't necessarily be about your products. It should be about outcomes, right? Because what I've seen with the brands that I've worked with and tell me if you've seen this as well.
Products change over time, right products evolve products, get discontinued products, get put on the shelf, you introduce new products you come up with an upgraded version, right? So if all of our emails are just about products, like, that's not really why people are buying things, right? Like, why are people buying jewelry, like they're buying jewelry, to optimize the way they look to improve their self confidence and all of those, you know, there's a number of factors.
Tracy: One of the things that we talked about is like jewelry is a desired purchase. It's not something that's needed. And a lot of people buy jewelry, because of the way it makes it feel. You mentioned confidence, but like people feel beautiful sometimes when they wear jewelry, or, you know, it reminds them of special moments in time or whatever. So it's pretty sentimental in general.
Chris: Exactly. So if your emails are about that, rather than the product, because people say, Oh, this is a 24 karat gold and yada yada yada and that's cool. Like, I mean, you need to know that stuff, obviously. Right? But really, that's not why people are buying it. That's not the emotional reason why people are buying it. So I think with all the brands that I've worked with, the one thing that we always try to do is sell an outcome that people want and then use the product as a vehicle To help them get to that outcome.
Tracy: So what were the outcomes you were selling with Natasha's watch brand?
Chris: So there were a few. So I guess I could demonstrate with an example, if you don't mind. So one of the emails we wrote for them was can your appearance affect your salary?
It was this email. And actually, we referenced a study from Neil Patel. And we kind of broke one of those sacred rules of email, like don't link to anything other than the main call to action. But we did, you said, Hey, check out this article written by Neil Patel. He spent, I think it's got like $100,000 in the style, and helped him make like an extra 600 k that year from I mean, you know, he had all the data points. It was a very well done article, but he said, Take a look at this article. And you know, ask yourself this, like, do you think if you worked on your parents, would it help you get a promotion? Would it help you feel better about yourself? Would it help you hold your chin up higher when he walked into the office every day? Right? And you know, there's a lot of ways to do that. One of those ways you could do it is by getting a nice watch. That you love that expresses who you are right and broadcasts the message you want to be sending to the world. So we could have said, Hey, here's a watch that isn't cool, buy it here's a discount, right? And that's what most people do. Yeah, but he took it one level deeper.
Tracy: Yeah, I love that. So that is that's such a great, you know, first of all, that's a brilliant subject line like, what was it again?
Chris: Can your appearance affect your salary,
Tracy: Brilliant, I think everyone here who's listening to this podcast should use that in one way, shape, or form if you're selling a luxury or jewelry or even create a product because I feel like it's something that they're using for themselves. That's massive. But I love that it's all focused on outcomes, and you can even tie data into it, which is super amazing. Well, you know, we've been measuring all that stuff as well. So one of the things about emails for e-commerce, in particular in the jewelry space, it's like a lot of times the emails are image heavy, I guess is the best way to put it? How do you kind of incorporate that balance of products and copy in order to make it work?
Chris: So, you know, I go back and forth on this a little bit, because images, obviously, like they're appealing to people, right? And, you know, depending on tests you run and data that you see from certain, you know, I'm not in the very, I'm in the camp of like, just text or just images, right. Like, I think there's kind of a middle ground here. But what I think is that people, the images support the copy, right, so like, the copy is really why people are going to open up the email. And if you're writing your emails in a dynamic way, and you're telling stories, that really becomes the prize, right? Like, if I just sent you an email, and there was just an image with no words in it, you'd be confused, right? So we obviously don't want to take that approach where it's just like, image flashing button buy now.
Like I've seen clients and I've been into people's Klaviyo accounts where that's what they're doing. They're just sending an image in a shop now button and there's no context. There's no story. It's like, why am I getting this and then the sales report Like that, you know, 34,000 person list or making 150 bucks when they send an email like that. So and that shouldn't happen, that should be thousand $2000, $5,000. And then email goes out, right? But I think what you do is you take people on a journey, right? Like there's so many things you can do with the text and with the copy, you can tell people the stories, but what you're working on in your company, new products, you're developing things that happened on the factory floor, right? things that are happening in your own life, like basically, you know, if you watch what Laura Belgrade does, like those kinds of stories, those work three come to I mean, that's, that's what I have clients right now.
And that's what we're doing. We're telling stories, we're focusing on the outcomes and the transformation, all those things like I think the pictures help, definitely. But I think, you know, it goes back to this one of the one of my favorites admin, from like the 1950s-1960s era, who's not as well known as like the David Ogilvy is and those kind of guys but his name is Howard Gossage, and he was out in San Fran and this little firehouse and had this little tiny agency and his quote that like just is like the pillar of my one of the big pillars of my belief. He said that people don't read ads, they read what interests them, sometimes it's an ad. So I believe that if your emails just look like ads all the time, and they're just the pictures and they're just discounts and they're just screaming you buy, buy, buy, buy.
People are gonna tune that out because it's not interesting. There's no reason and it's almost like what I'm like in my inbox like, God forbid I buy something from Brooks Brothers I get spammed seven times a day for the next like 10 weeks and it just does things on sale for 20% off this thing's on sale for 30% off this thing's like I don't need to open those emails anymore because I know what's in there there's nothing dynamic isn't exciting in there waiting for me I know it's an ad and if I'm not ready to buy I'm just not gonna open it so I think you just focus on making your ads not look like sorry your emails not look like ads you'll you know you really see some great results.
Tracy: That's awesome. Okay, yeah, cause we always talk about this balance and storytelling is huge for my industry. And in fact, we call it story selling sometimes because I feel like there's so many different ways that you can weave in stories. Have your customers of your brand have like your even your dream clients or whatever it is into something that's compelling that people want to read. And you could do that video and all the aspects of the content that you create can be reflected back into your emails, which I think is really powerful.
So what kind of like email sequences because we're super big on, I know that a lot of people listening to this podcast, probably don't have these in place. But we're really big on setting up automated sequences on the back end of a business, including like, I call it an opt in or a nurture sequence where they opt in to your list for some reason, post purchase sequence or win back campaign and then also abandoned cart sequences. So do you wanna talk a little bit about those and like, how you structure them?
Chris: Yeah, absolutely. cart abandonment. What I like to do with these is I like to have a little bit of storytelling within those because I've seen some from bigger brands, I think one was Bonobos, I saw recently and there was just it was just like a picture of the product and like forgetting this picture of the product button and like that was it like I guess The works are big enough brands have good products, right? But like, what we do with ours is we kind of tell a little story. So the one we did for one of my clients was like, you know, this is the client that sells the spray for if you smoke marijuana, and you don't want it to smell like you do, we kind of took the whole voice, we injected some brand voice in there. And we kind of took this whole thing like, you know, we're smoking weed all day, we're making cool products. And like, it's just got this kind of like funny, stoner vibe to it.
So we basically just said, like, Hey, we're just getting ready to run out and grab pizza and have, you know, have a little one session. But before we did that, I just noticed you left something in your cart. Did you pump too many times before passing? Like, you know, and we kind of like inject some jokes and some humor. We don't do that with every brand. And that's like, I work for every brand, obviously. But like we try to find what's unique about the brand's voice and inject a little bit of humor and fun into those emails because it makes people stop and makes people think and they say, wait a minute.
That's funny, or that's cool, or, oh my gosh, this brand is so different than anyone else and it's almost like they kind of want to stick around to see what else you're going to say. So in terms of things like nuts and bolts for cart abandonment, three emails, I like to not go with discounts, especially not for people who are already customers, you know, maybe, maybe maybe test out where you do a conditional split if it's someone you know.
Tracy: A lot of the people listening probably don't understand what that means.
Chris: Okay, yeah, I'll unpack that. So a conditional split is basically like you can choose criteria. So in this case, conditional split, you know, in your email software, you could say, hey, if someone is a customer already, send them down this path, they get this set of emails. And then if someone's not a customer, and they're just a prospect, or just a regular subscriber, no purchase records in your system, and they can get this other sequence and then the sequences can do different things. So there's a lot of different ways you could set it up. But you know, you could do something like if they didn't take their welcome discount, you could offer it in the cart abandonment sequence, right, because you've already committed to giving up that margin there.
But I think I always err more for all these sequences. I always say err more on the side of let's try to put off giving them a discount. And I think the reason why is like, you know, if you went into buy like a Louis Vuitton bag, or like a or a scarf or something, right, like and they're like, and by the way, if you order now, in the next five minutes where you give you 20% off, you're like, Oh, I kind of don't want that anymore, right? Like it takes away. It makes the brand feel cheap almost a little bit. You know, I think in the right circumstances, yeah. But like, for instance, Lulu lemon, like, I love their joggers. I'm a big fan of that brand. And like, they never put those things on sale. And I like to cherish them. Like every time I get a gift. I'm like, Oh, I'm buying something, you know, I don't need the discount because I like the product. It's a good product. It's a good brand. They're not, you know, roped me in with a discount. I don't need that. So I think too many people rush to discount, I think test that without the discount first. See what happens.
Tracy: Yeah, I love that. You know, one of the things I can't stand discounting, I made that mistake in my first business when I had a jewelry company. And I used to have these massive sample sales because I built a huge direct to consumer audience. Because most of my business was wholesale back then this is back in the 90s and early 2000s. And, and the thing that was interesting is that the direct to consumer is like when I finally got a website up, like most of them would never buy regular price because I train them to buy it from my sample sales. But if I did put some things on sale on the website, then they would buy it then. And so when you offer discounts, you train people to only buy from you on discount, and you want to be the like, haggling brand that people are buying from so train them to buy from your regular price, and then give them a reward if you happen to have a sale or an event, like once a year or something like that, but don't discount too often. So what do you include in those in that abandoned cart sequence?
Chris: So basically, the general structure is kind of like, you know, I like to set the context with all these behaviorally triggered automations because I don't think people are dumb like, I think they're smart. And I think they know that you probably got some crazy software that can track what they do. You know, and I think people can't like, you know, if you send them an email an hour after they put something in their cart if they know you're kind of like track a little bit better. So I always say like, hey, just checked in and got this notification. So you're leaving. So you left this in your cart? Or if it's browse abandoned. Hey, so are you checking this out, just want to check and see if you had any questions about it. Hope this is what you're looking for. If it is cool, might as well grab it right, we only have a limited amount of these in stock, or we make these by hand and they take a long time. So grab it now if there could always be a reason to act now.
Tracy: So you're creating urgency by saying that there's limited quantities, or we make them by hand or they take time, or we only have a few left or something like that. So that's the urgency not to discount.
Chris: Yeah, I throw that all under the umbrella of like the reason to act now. And there's a lot of creative ways. Beyond even what we just mentioned here really depends on your brand and the way you know, you make your products and market them but that's definitely an important part of it. I sometimes like to pull them the dynamic product image like hey, here's the items in your cart, obviously test it out, right? It kind of depends too on like your overall templates that you're using. Like if everything is super visual, we probably want that if everything's more text based.
You might not needed as much as something to test out I think, like with, you know, with with most things and marketing, it's testing will, will give you the answer but and then I always encourage people to reach out and ask questions and say “Hey, you know, especially like a jeweler or something like that, like, you know, anything you're buying that you're going to wear on your body. What I found even myself as a consumer, I always noticed, like, I wonder if this is going to fit or I hope this fits or hopes this looks the way I think it does, right? So you might want to talk to someone, and maybe there's a different product if you're trying to decide between the two and someone from their team from support could help you make that decision. So you can get the thing that you want.
Tracy: So would that be the second email to say like, Hey, I noticed that you haven't completed this yet. Do you have any questions about it or something like that?
Chris: I like to invite them to respond back in each email.
The reason why is because I just you know, I don't know like, I just don't think you can guarantee that people are going to read every single email. Right? There might be someone who they only get they get all three emails but maybe they only had time or only they only opened up email number two or So I like to have at least a little little bit of a line in there and just say, Hey, you know, if you had any questions, or if you had any problems checking out, because that's some, you know, sometimes too, depending on, you might look at your check out. I mean, this makes total sense.
I mean, this makes total sense. And other people might be going through it. And they're not used to because you're using a different platform that we're normally used to buying, or they had an issue with a credit card or PayPal or whatever you're using. You never know there's like a million different reasons why, and half of you never even guess like, they'll give you a real quick example. Not that it was a payment issue, but just in terms of a cart abandonment story. We were getting our bathroom upstairs redone in our house here and they were like jackhammering tiles one day and I was sitting at the dining room table, and we have this floating shelf back there and there were these wine glasses.
And you know, I'm just checking out buying something for my wife and all of a sudden, the jackhammer was shaking the walls. I didn't realize one of the glasses fell off the shelf shattered into a bazillion pieces as I was like mid checkout in my cart, and then I had to spend 25 minutes cleaning up all the glass I had to get the vacuum out. It was like this whole big process. I'd wash all the glasses by the bar over there. And meanwhile, like I was literally like entering my credit card number. So without a cart abandonment, like, like the person who wrote the cart abandonment sequence could have never imagined that sequence of events playing out. So that's why you gotta follow up. That's why you gotta reach out and see if they have questions. That's why you got to, you know, have these things in place because you never know what's going on in your customer's life.
Tracy: That is so true. There's been so many times when I've like been shopping Instagram or something like an ad pops up and like, I'm in the thing, and then my, on my phone, and I'm typing, I'm trying to type in my details, but I'm realizing that the autofill is not working. And I'm like, I got to go get my credit card. And it's like, late at night, and I'm like, forget it. I'll just open it up in the morning and then something glitches and the whole thing closes and you just never know why. Like usually it's because someone is busy and they've walked away or like they're late to pick their kids up from school or something like that. So, yeah, it's interesting.
Chris: A lot of people think, I don't know, like, I've talked to a lot of business owners and they're like, well, if they didn't buy it, I just didn't want it. I'm like, No, no, no They added to the cart like they definitely are at least a little bit interested, like, let's see, you know, sometimes even like adding a risk reversal, right? Like, hey, and by the way, you know, maybe email two or three in that sequence say hey, by the way, just in case you weren't sure about this, we have a 60 day money back discount where you could exchange it, or get a complete refund. Try it out, you know, we've got to get
Tracy: Money back guarantee
Chris: Yeah, sorry. Sorry. Yeah, that's um, it's a guarantee right? So like, you add that in and that will ratchet up response as well because it's kind of that risk reversal. So there's a lot of these like little copy leavers, some little like pieces, almost like lines of code, essentially, right? That's the way I view copy. It's like code that's going to go into your reader or your customers brains gonna change the way they think about interacting with your brand, right? So you can write these little lines of copy and just add one or two that align a little bit of risk reversal a little bit of a reason to act now. People are going to jump at those.
Tracy: Well the coolest thing too is I heard I was just doing some research. Some I just, well, this will air after the masterclass is over, but I was researching metrics like automated sequences and how much more effective they are. They're just regular email broadcasts and abandoned carts like they sometimes get like 30 to 40%. open rates as opposed to like a regular email broadcast. And your ability to actually recapture that sale, like sometimes will recover up to 30%, or even more of abandoned carts by just sending out a sequence. And so I think anyone who's not doing it is actually just leaving money on the table.
Chris: Try it out, you know, we've got to get It's free money. And you don't get it, you set it up one time, like, you know, some of these sequences we've written for clients, we wrote them three years ago, and they're still profiting off that, like if you know how long you plan on running your business for if it's 510 years, like you could write a sequence today, that's going to be paying you a decade from now. Like there's not many more forms of leverage like that in your life that you're going to find it's crazy.
Tracy: So we talked about kind of the checking in kind of like, Hey, I am not sure if you realize you left this. Then we talked about risk reversal. What's another idea for like the third Email now, abandoned cart
Chris: In the third email that's going to ratchet up the urgency, right? That's when I really focus on that reason to act now. And like, if you're not gonna use a discount, if you don't have low stock, or, you know, you could just use the old Hey, listener carts about to expire. And I think, you know, here's the thing, like, it's n
ot like, you're going to write that one or two sentences, and 100% of people are going to jump, right, but like, maybe you get 10% or 20% more people who are going to buy now that wouldn't have before, if you didn't include a lot of copyright. And what that does, so I think we have this like fear of loss, you know, FOMO, right. It's like, Oh, well, I kind of wanted that stuff.
And I took the time to shop. So it's a little bit of a zeigarnik effect, they want to finish what they started, right. It's a little bit of like, I almost have those things in my possession, right? And now I'm going to lose them even though they don't have them. They see them on the screen, like I don't want to lose all that stuff. Right. So I think I'm really just focusing on that. And one of the things we tried with one of my clients was we said listen Here's the thing like your carts about to expire. And what that means is that someone else is going to get your stuff like Brian from Tampa, and Brian's a huge fan of our brand. And he's gonna buy like all the stuff in your cart. And I know you don't want Brian from Tampa to get your stuff.
So like, we went, and it was kind of, yeah, it was kind of funny, you know, and like, not you. Like I said, not every brand has to be funny like that. But there's always a creative way that you can inject your voice into it, that we're working with a nonprofit right now they sell coffee, and they donate a large part of the proceeds to the nonprofit arm. But what we're doing is basically saying like, hey, not only are you about to get some awesome coffee, as soon as you complete your order, you're also going to be helping kids orphans in Honduras who really need the help, right? So like, that's not, you know, that's not a funny thing, right? That's not a funny piece of copy. But it's something that kind of tugs at your heartstrings and it gives you another reason to act now and another reason to buy instead of just not buying.
Tracy: So this is perfect for anyone who has a philanthropy aspect to their business. Like if you're donating a portion of proceeds to something or you're doing some sort of Have you regularly do some sort of incentive for charity? This is a great way to kind of weave that in. I love it.
Chris: I was gonna say it's always how you can kind of I call it demonstration and dimensionalization, right like you want to demonstrate how the products if you can future pace a little bit to like you're so close to getting this supplement like you're about to be so jacked as soon as you get this, like that's what you could do for like, you know, if you were a supplement brand, and the dimensionalization, is what we talked about with the nonprofit stuff, right? Like, here's how this purchase, here's how you take this action is going to affect your life and the life of other people like they're super powerful little, little copy nuggets that you could drop right in there.
Tracy: I love that. So let's talk a little bit about list segmentation. You briefly mentioned it earlier where you could test like different sub categories of buyers versus non buyers. So like, what's your philosophy around that and how would you write like for someone who's just getting started with this because I know a lot of people, they don't understand how powerful list segmentation can be and it can get complicated. If you like. So what's your philosophy around that?
Chris: Yeah, you're right. It definitely can if some people get super deep into the weeds, I think for most people, like there's a few key segments you want to look at, I think the most important segment you want to look at is your buyer segments. So the way I have my list and a lot of my clients list set up is we set up a few whenever we start working with them, and we say, Okay, here's the unconverted people are just the prospects or subscribers, we'll call them, non buyers or non buyers yet, and then we have the customers. And I heard this great line. It's I wish I was I wish I came up with it, but it's from Paul Moore. I don't know if you know, Paul, but he's a genius. He's a smart dude.
He's a smart dude. And he said, I'm not trying to run. Okay. Yeah. He said, I'm not trying to build an email list. I'm trying to build a buyer's list. And as soon as I heard that, I was like, Oh, my god that is like that. That's what we're trying to do. Right? We're, you know, yes, we're trying to grow a list. Absolutely. But we're trying to grow the list so we can grow a buyer's list because we can't help people with our products until they cross the chasm. You can't learn karate, if you're standing outside and looking into the glass on the sidewalk. Right, so we look at the buyers. And some of these things are for tracking more so than mailing, right, like we want to see the buyers number going up every week, obviously, we want to see the customers list, sorry, the subscribers list going up as well, because that means our organic list is growing.
I also like to look at what segment of them are engaged versus not engaged, right. So you have, you know, super active versus inactive, those are two easy ones. And the way you do this criteria is basically each list is going to be different. But you could say people who've opened or clicked an email in the last 30 days, those could be like your active prospects, and then that will give you some clues into your overall list health. You know, if you have 10% of your list, suddenly, only 10% of your list is you know, opening or clicking in the last 30 days. Like you might have some list hygiene issues, right? Like you really need to fix that. I like to look at VIPs. That's one segment because those are like your whales and we like to do those. It's going to differ client to client but I usually pick a spending threshold that they have to cross or a number of purchases specials.
So if someone's bought from you four times or they've spent $600. And they meet either of those criteria, they go into that VIP category not to get around 10% 9% 11% of the list to play with a criteria until I get to about that 10% number. Because those are the people where if you only have maybe you have a limited edition, you know, we only have 75 of these items in stock. Those are the people you want to go to you don't want to open up everyone. I'd like to open up to them first, because they're the people who are my biggest fans, who were the loyalists, were telling the friends about us, we're posting on social and tagging us, we're doing all of those things like those are the people you want to reward with those super special offers.
Tracy: I love that that's so good. So and then from a list building perspective, like what are your strategies for helping like advising your clients on building their list like from? I mean, we have, we have our strategies, like there's a bunch of different ways that you can get them on but the one thing that people always lean in is like some free shipping or discount option. And I like it. I'm like, so what are some of the other ideas besides that?
Chris: Yeah, I mean, so yeah, those are those are the obvious ones and like, I could see There's there's definitely pros and cons to that, like the pros are like, Oh, you're gonna get people who obviously want to buy if they're looking for a coupon but on the other hand, you're training people to buy with a discount. One of my clients and this was his idea, not mine, so all the credit goes to him. He sells leather bags, like they're really really nice leather bags. They're meant for men's leather bags, like backpacks and luggage and stuff. And what he does is he does a raffle he raffles off a gift card. So he's not giving a discount everyone, he's basically giving credit to one person.
I think it's every month or every two weeks, and his list is growing like a weed. I mean, every time we talk, it's another, you know, three, four or 5000 people bigger and it just works great. You know, obviously, like most things you got to test I'm not huge on offering a digital lead magnet like seven ways to think that works better if you're selling information. I mean, I guess it could work. You know, again, it depends on the product, but um, I've tend to find you know, something that's a little bit more tangible, that's a bit more geared towards people buying it. It's not discount or free shipping, a gift card, something like that. Maybe a free product it depends but again those are usually the things we look at these are the first few moves that we make.
Tracy: Yeah most of the people that I know who are building our list by building a VIP like they call their VIP insiders not in the way that you're talking about us with their top top people. That's mostly what people advise but like the draw is that they get exclusive access to like insider sales or like special events etc. We've had people test the lead magnet thing but it's usually more like a guide on things like how to clean jewelry or how to care for a product and how to style it. And that sometimes works but like you said, it really depends on the brands in your experience like with this guy who's doing the raffle is are people just signing up for that list for free stuff or do this people actually convert to buyers
Chris: They convert to buyers, you're gonna get some freebie seekers but I think the thing is gonna get freebie seekers no matter what you do, you know, like so We haven't really seen an issue so much with the raffle. And that's kind of what's been working best. And he's had that running for a few years now. He used to do the discount, and he opted for the raffle instead of that because it was working a lot better. So obviously, because that's another list of growth strategies people do, too. They'll do the big giveaways. And they'll do you know, get everyone to cross promote. And I'll do one of those big events where you know, when products from these four or five brands get a lot of freebie seekers through those things, but about the exclusive access and those kinds of things. I think if you have the right kind of brand, like are you familiar with the house?
Tracy: HAUS?
Chris: The upper teeth, upper teeth? So we just bought them for the first time and Wow, what a cool brand. I mean, I could talk about them all day. They're awesome. But one thing that I saw wasn't necessarily a lead magnet. But one thing that was cool about their membership that's like making me kind of want to test it out is they have they offer those, you know, pop up events and cool insider stuff. So that's one of those things. If you have a A brand that's like that, that's a, I don't know if I'd call it a lifestyle brand, but kind of right. Like, it's kind of more in that realm where it's not just about the beverage, it's about the lifestyle and like, I don't know, it's just it's just cool. I'm having a tough time putting into words but you know, if you have something that goes beyond the products into that spills into people's lives, if you're a cooking you know, if you sell cooking stuff, and you have classes or you have other pieces of content that will help people use the products like there's a lot of different ways where you could kind of use some of those tests some of those things out as lead magnets, like you're saying with the insider's club. I don't know if it's gonna work for every brand, but I think with certain brands. Absolutely.
Tracy: Yeah, I think for people with cult followings, or they really like the product, but they're not ready to buy. Now it works really well. But the best way to build an email list is actually from buyers. So it's about getting the right traffic and making sure that your website's converting getting those people on your list understanding how to segment those people are figuring out another way. I mean, I love the raffle idea, as long as you're Getting the right kinds of people on the list. I think it can do, too. Yeah. Chris, this was awesome. Thanks so much for being here. Thanks for having me. Yeah, this, this is a good one. Tell us a little bit about what you do like on the side, like where can people find you? I know you have some courses for email copy and stuff like that and an agency. So let's talk about that.
Chris: Yeah, so my main site right now is the https://theemailcopywriter.com/ I was very fortunate to grab that domain many many years ago. found that today. But, I published a lot of content there. I have a weekly series called email the week and basically I just take emails from really cool ecommerce brands. And I break them down and I show you like, Hey, here's all the things that are going on in this email to kind of break it down so that you can use it for your own business and it's a lot of work each week, but people really like it. And I have profiled a lot of big brands and just kind of showed you all the secret sauce that goes on, at least from what I can tell behind the rebound marketing strategy in the copy strategy and those kinds of things. And then I have to give away my book too.
If you want to try my list, make them coming out another book soon, but probably about three weeks away. And that one's about e commerce, email automation. But I also have an agency called Orzy Media. And basically, we just work with e commerce businesses and help them, you know, blow up their revenue with email. And you know, we do that a few different ways. We can build automation. Sometimes if people want full management, we can just manage their accounts, and they just kind of sit back and sip on some house and we just run all their email and enjoy ourselves. And then we also do you know, coaching can some people want to, you know, done with you or they want, they want to learn how to do it themselves, so they don't have to have an agency the rest of their lives, which I totally understand. So we do some of those training situations as well.
Tracy: That's amazing, Chris, thanks so much for being here. And we'll have links to everything in the show notes. And this has been awesome. I appreciate you.
Chris: Thank you, Tracy. Appreciate you, too.
Tracy: All right. Thank you so much for listening to the show today. As always, we're going to have all the links and everything that Chris spoke about so that you can find him over on the show. notes you can head on over to http://flourishthriveacademy.com/266 . To check out all that goodness, you can also check out our business bundles over there, and so much more if you're interested in seeing if you qualify for a Free Business Accelerator Audit. We'll also have that link right over there on the show notes as well. Thanks so much for listening to the show. This is Tracy Matthews, signing off.
Click here to download the show notes
Don’t Leave Money on the Table
If you don’t have an abandoned cart sequence, you’re basically leaving money on the table.
Chris raves about how important it is to set up automated emails for when someone leaves something in their cart without buying.
This doesn’t mean they don’t want your product. You never know what’s happening on their side of the screen.
In fact, abandoned cart sequences have some of the best open and conversion rates. It’s going directly to people who want to buy your stuff.
Don’t Make Your Emails Look Like Ads
Chris was inspired to take up copywriting because his inbox was filled with emails that all looked the same.
“When you send the same 40% off email eight weeks in a row, that’s just the price of your product now.”
People read things that are interesting to them, so make your emails interesting.
Don’t Talk About Your Products, Talk About Outcomes
This step is especially important to jewelry designers.
Your emails are an opportunity for your Dream Clients to connect with your brand. Tap into the why behind the purchase, and leave the boring details for your product page.
Chris and I covered so much ground in the full episode above. Give it a listen if you’re struggling to boost your email metrics.
xo, Tracy
Follow Chris on Instagram!
The Email Copywriter
Orzy Media
Apply for a FREE Business Accelerator Audit
Resource Bundles for Jewelry Designers & Creative Product Brands
Listen on Apple Podcasts!
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Franjo's Kitchen
Franjo’s Kitchen is a collaboration between Fran and Jo.
Fran’s background is in corporate retail as a lawyer and has a passion for food, juggling writing breakfast reviews, food columns and running pop up restaurants with her corporate career. Jo is an experienced naturopath, nutritionist and wellness consultant with an obvious zeal for her craft who was embarking on a journey of developing nutritious and health promoting food products. Once they got chatting, Franjo’s Kitchen seemed obvious, they could combine their experiences and skills and create something wonderful.
Fran and Jo are passionate about creating a healthy snack business for new mums and their families and excited about what the future holds.
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Perfect optics through light scattering
Innovative technologies are the key to tackling some of society’s key challenges – and many of these technologies have an optical system at their core. However, even the tiniest imperfections can lead to scattered light, which causes a reduction in contrast and a lower light yield. Today’s optical systems, therefore, rely on optimized design and comprehensive inspection of the complete surface of optical components. To achieve this, the Fraunhofer IOF is developing light scattering measurement techniques that can detect unwanted scattered light.
Scattered light measurement during diamond turning.
© Fraunhofer IOF
Roughness inspection during diamond turning with a light scattering sensor - developed by Fraunhofer IOF.
Scientists measure the surface of a mirror substrate in the laboratory using scattered light measurement techniques.
© Fraunhofer IOF
Light scattering based surface characterization of a substrate for EUV lithography.
To achieve the required level of imaging quality, the process starts with the design of the optics. Therefore, it is necessary to collect detailed specifications about possible imperfections, including the extent of imperfect points on the surface that is regarded as acceptable and the degree to which any necessary coatings and other factors may influence these values. This data can be provided by Fraunhofer IOF, which develops a wide range of light scattering measurement systems and sensors as well as the corresponding analytical methods and light scattering models. These tools can be used to apply a virtual coating, allowing to make light scattering predictions before production takes place. Besides, they pave the way for performing automated inspection and complete analysis of a surface.
Benefits of the light scattering measurement technique
Traditional methods for measuring surface imperfections are expensive and time-consuming. With its high sensitivity, fast and non-contact measurements, light scattering measurement systems offer a tried-and-tested alternative. What’s more, they are not susceptible to vibrations and, unlike traditional methods, making it easier to incorporate in production processes. This allows cost and production times to be optimized. That makes this method a good choice for meeting the ever more demanding requirements of industry and research for optical components. Fraunhofer IOF has already contributed its expertise to manufacturing and optimizing some satellite optics. | <urn:uuid:7f057762-ca61-4cc9-a276-8becce4a7129> | https://www.iof.fraunhofer.de/en/News/scattered-light-measuring.html | en | 0.916168 | 0.02712 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
You Must Encounter Supplement Examines A Minimum Of The Moment In Your Life time As well as Listed below’s Why
Supplement пълен отчет testimonials are actually typically a must-read for those that decide on to take supplements, particularly for those who may not have heard about all of them before. And also while a number of the supplement evaluates you’ll discover on the internet have been actually written by those that have not been satisfied with the perks that they acquired from taking the supplements, most of them are actually really free of the supplements. These are actually also valuable in calculating regardless if the supplements will be actually valuable for you.
The щракнете тук за информация concern is actually, some supplement assessments perform certainly not feature the supplements on their own. The supplements typically are going to be actually stated however will certainly be listed under the sub-heading of the supplement testimonial on its own. This might be very perplexing and also not be all that handy.
If you are actually an individual who is actually looking for support in choosing an everyday multivitamin pill for themselves or even their household, the web site that features a supplement review can be incredibly useful. Although it may be perplexing if you are actually merely beginning, these internet sites may be a terrific source.
The absolute most standard evaluation of a daily multivitamin is actually found on the site, the United States National Library of Medicine. This internet site has performed extensive investigation and also has managed to recognize the most efficient nutrients. These consist of a high portion of the antioxidant vitamins A, C, E, and various other nutrients including zinc, magnesium mineral, selenium, and also others.
Among Свързана уеб страница the absolute most essential aspects that this web site pays attention to is actually the image of the supplement creator. It includes an area of their personal, that is actually committed to using the sector’s finest. These include the firm that is actually committed to giving excellent quality products that work properly.
Their internet site possesses a segment for Credibility, and also it includes a segment that highlights the absolute most reliable business. Most of the companies that include on this web page have been tried as well as evaluated. Others are actually dealing with supplying a few of the very best supplements. For high quality, there is actually an extensive assessment of the Vitamin B Complicated. This testimonial checks out each of the substances in it, including the best efficient one that functions the greatest. While this could not be actually a supplement review for a solitary supplement, the review additionally demonstrates how much of each of the nutrients is needed to supply ideal health and wellness.
Some assessments that do not ensure any kind of form of supplements don’t automatically indicate that the customers really did not such as the supplements. A review of a body fat heat unit might simply be actually produced due to the fact that it aids in slimming down and afterwards discusses the product. Additionally, the reviews are an useful way for folks to learn about how one specific supplement works, without needing to go in to particulars.
Yet another supplement customer review feature will be actually an evaluation of a multi-vitamin. These supplements are actually considerably unique than the vitamins that are utilized for standard health and wellness, considering that they are especially made to work effectively for a variety of specific problems. These might include iron shortages, a thyroid ailment, obesity, aplastic anemia, or even whatever else people utilizing the item could be coping with.
It is actually an even more complete evaluation of the Vitamin B Complicated that concentrates on the entire supplement. The testimonial considers just how effectively the supplement is actually taken in due to the body system, exactly how reliable it is at protecting against health problems, and also the overall performance of the multivitamin pill. The evaluation additionally looks at how properly the supplement works to aid increase electricity levels.
A multivitamin customer review will work however will not be actually entirely extensive. The vitamin B complicated evaluation features a review of each of the different vitamins in it. It considers every one of the different benefits that the vitamins are recognized to offer.
For an individual who is searching for a multivitamin assessment, the web provides something for every person. As long as the website features more than a solitary evaluation, it could be a fantastic source.
When it relates to taking nutritional supplements, it is crucial to understand that there are actually supplement evaluates available that may assist you make an educated choice about the items that you are actually considering acquiring. If you are seeking the very best diet regimen supplements on the market place today, there are actually numerous factors that you need to consider.
It is very important to understand what sort of supplement you want just before you go out and also begin reading through supplement customer reviews. You are going to wish to find the ones that are actually written by individuals who possess firsthand adventure along with the product and that can offer you their opinions concerning the efficacy of the product. Another factor to consider would certainly be actually just how they are able to obtain the details.
A customer review that originates from a source that is actually certainly not directly connected with the business is improbable to become as objective as a review that arises from an individual who has a continuous relationship along with the business. The final factor you would intend to carry out is actually get something and then learn that the supplement does certainly not help you or even that the side effects are a lot of for you to deal with. This form of relevant information is actually why you must perform your research study just before you spend your funds.
You may locate several forms of testimonial in publications as well as various other internet resources. Most are created by others who want the subject of nutrition, but a few of all of them are actually created by experts who are in the supplement industry. Thus, the opinions are extra believable than those you find in posts on the subject that has actually arised from individuals that possess simply a passing rate of interest in the target.
In this particular sector, it is certainly not unusual for an individual’s occupation to be based upon encouraging supplements to their customers. There are people that agree to place their label to the viewpoints that they possess, especially if the products that they advise are heading to gain the customer. When you are actually utilizing supplements, you would like to make sure that the viewpoint of a a person, dietician, or even doctor who has had straight expertise along with the item is counted on through you.
The supplement evaluates that are actually composed by qualified people may be handy because they are going to not have any sort of viewpoints that might be viewed as swayed. They will typically be written along with impartiality in thoughts. They will also be actually created along with little or even no endorsement to the provider or even the item that the article writer is actually recommending.
The business that create supplements are actually also behind composing their personal supplement customer reviews. They will be actually written through folks who were not straight associated with the manufacturing process, however who have partnered with the business before. These evaluations are actually extra trusted than those written through individuals who are certainly not associated with the company.
Some companies like Herbalife and Onnit are going to really upload their evaluations in places including consumer reviews. These are actually written through employees that have dealt with the firm as well as that feel the demand to share their expertises. It could be hard to discern which product is actually a lot more legitimate, yet these sorts of evaluations can be worth a deeper look.
And while some of the supplement assesses you’ll discover on the internet have actually been actually created by those that haven’t been pleased with the advantages that they acquired coming from taking the supplements, several of all of them are actually quite free of the supplements. The concern is, some supplement customer reviews carry out certainly not include the supplements on their own. While this may certainly not be a supplement assessment for a singular supplement, the assessment additionally reveals exactly how a lot of each of the nutrients is required to supply optimal health.
It is actually important to recognize what kind of supplement you are intrigued in just before you go out and also begin reading supplement evaluations. The business that create supplements are additionally accountable for creating their personal supplement reviews.
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Light portraits as Sacred Portals
Artworks are portals, when we use this consciously, we can open up portals to soul esteem and confidence.
Lightworkers are called to the shadows with their wounding, to shine light upon the darkness.
What is in one is in the whole. By doing our own shadowwork, we see the shadows of the collective and are able to integrate it in ourselves. By doing this, we automatically, tansform the environment around us.
Just like the light, the shadows are infinite and we can drown in it. To support lightworkers on their journey, my soul is called to offer Light portraits that open portals to your higher self. So that you always have a cord towards your higher self, even when life becomes very challenging and you are diving deep into the shadows. Giving you extra support and confidence in your journey.
How does it work?
I have recorded a guided meditation where I guide you to the place before you were born. From there you enter the gate towards this life. On the journey towards the womb of your mother you will see symbols, colors, a flower, a gift of your ancestors and an animal that will support you in this life time. I will paint the visions you receive in this meditation together with a portrait of you.
These symbols and colors will open a portal that guide you on your life path and life mission. The flower symbolises your characteristics. The animal will help you go through difficult situations that are connected to your blueprint. As you will naturally receive more animals along your journey in different time periods that asks different kind of energies, this animal will always be in the background supporting you.
For example, in my vision I saw a red rose and a wolf. The red rose stands for it's incredible beauty and power in passion, but has also thorns that can hurt when you touch it at the wrong place. The wolf is guided well by it's instinct, is wild and can be very intelligent. The wolf helps me go through difficult situations that is challening my trust in certain situations, to become aware of my underlying instincts.
In the proces of making the painting, crystals, feathers or other objects will come to me that I add on the painting to amplify the energetic powergrid of the painting. If you have any special crystals or objects from your childhood that want's to be on the painting, I can add that too.
Why I am called to do this
From the moment I could hold a pencil, I was drawing people and faces. I have drawn over a thousands of faces in my life. When I was traveling the world, I was supporting myself drawing portraits on the streets. Painting portraits is one of my genius passions.
I know what it is like to walk through hell and how much energetic support means when going there doing shadow work. There is soo much work to do. So many layers we find within ourselves and so much collective shadows to transform. But it gets so much easier when we support each other and work together.
As soon as my own portal was finished, the universe gave me the opportunity to break through an old destructive cycle that have almost costed me my life in the past. It was very powerful to finally see through it and be able to act upon it. I got really excited about this concept and so I am here to serve and support you, with this beautiful soulful magical artpiece.
When you are called to receive a higher self portal we will do a video call so we get to know each other a bit. I will then send you the meditation and you can do that in your own holy space. After you've journalled about it, we do another video call and you will communicate your visions to me. Send me a photo of you that I will use as reference and if you have any crystals or objects from childhood, you can also send that to me.
I will paint the painting with oil paint on a canvas of 60 x 50 cm in a ceremonial way. It will be finished when it is finished, depending on the process and alignment of the universe. I send you a copy of the composition I will start with and a photo of the result before I ship it to you. You get one round of possible changes you would like to add, so we are both happy with the result.
You can order the painting in my shop.
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Art as a portal
In the past I've had magical experiences where paintings opened portals for my life. A print of a portrait of me, in Alice in Wonderland theme, was discovered by a friend of mine to be sold in a small shop in Australia. (oh universe, you can be so unexpected!) I saw this as a hint to go to Australia.
When I arrived at the town where the print was found, the first person I meet is a girl named Alice. She brought me to her Wonderland house with all cute doors and mushrooms and a beautiful garden. I stayed at her place for a while and had this great Alice in Wonderland experience. It was funny because I just made an Alice inspired dress out of an old tablecloth earlier. That this was happening, really opened my mind according to the power or Art and how it created portals.
I've also had experiences where I drew something that happened right afterwards. It freaked me out at first. The power of art is so much stronger then I ever imagined. Artworks are like portals to dimensions. When we make art with this level of consciousness, we can use it for our benefit.
These light-portraits that I make, will open up a portal for you. It will remind you of your light and beauty so that when you dive deep into your shadows, you can always come back to the light.
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The Story of... 'Africa' by Toto
13 October 2018, 21:45
Toto Africa
Toto's 1982 smash 'Africa' is without doubt one of the greatest songs of all time, let alone the 1980s.
It's almost impossible to not burst into song at the top of your lungs as soon as you hear that famous catchy intro.
And that chorus? "I bless the rains down in Africaaaaa". Incredible.
But did you know its fascinating backstory? What is the song actually about? Who wrote it? How was it made? Find out all you need to know about the iconic tune right here... | <urn:uuid:e98907b0-b01b-4936-9431-624dbe4f2a89> | https://www.smoothradio.com/features/toto-africa-meaning-lyrics-meme/ | en | 0.9658 | 0.807164 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
#gamergate funny mansplaining memes
Meme of the week: Is "Actually, it's about ethics in games journalism" the new "Not all men?"
It’s been a pretty shitty week. I don’t think I need to explain why. So here’s something to help take the edge off — a new meme featuring a phrase anyone who’s ever said anything critical of GamerGate has heard, again and again: “Actually, it’s about ethics in games journalism.”
This new meme, which started really taking off today on Twitter and Tumblr, seems to be becoming the new “not all men.” Which makes sense: “Not all men” is to mansplaining what “Actually … ” is to Gatersplaining.
Here are some of my favorites, taken from Twitter and from the new Tumblr blog titled, naturally, Actually … it’s about ethics in games journalism.
catethics jawsethics bladeethics ringethcis pulpficethics mithsethics nowactually
I made one myself out of an old #NotAllMen meme:
This blog, meanwhile, uses the phrase as a caption for New Yorker cartoons.
And then there’s this Tweet.
Thank you, anonymous meme-makers, and whoever came up with this in the first place! We needed this.
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Thorlaug Agustsdotti (@thorlaug)
Hell, I’ll throw in my version
5 years ago
The whole “conflict of interest” thing about people in the industry kind of undercuts one of their main aims. A lot of the Gaters want to go back to the days where the gaming press was simply enthusiast press (Yay! Gaming is awesome! Gamers are awesome! Let’s write about how amazing and great our hobby is!) rather than somewhat serious journalism with a critical eye – as we’ve seen with the concerted campaigns against anybody seen to criticise gaming culture. Firstly *that* runs directly counter to their claims about pushing for greater journalistic integrity, and secondly, when gaming press was enthusiast press it *was* common practice for the devs and writers to be pally, because without the weight of a “real” publication behind them a lot of the independent games journos had to rely on personal connections for access.
Yeah. The analogy I like to use is if I randomly shoved a stranger on the street all of a sudden, and 20 people around me called me an asshole for doing it, that doesn’t make those 20 people a “side” – it just means they’re people who don’t think others should be acting like assholes. But large slabs of GG are either convinced that all media coverage is brainwashed by the SJW conspiracy or that there’s a mass PR campaign going on to defeat them, when really the media coverage is covering the effects of GG and not paying much mind to their stated aims. Given that their stated aims are both vague and not reflective of the impact they’ve had, that sounds like a reasonable way to cover the whole shitstorm.
5 years ago
Oh fucking hell. I really shouldn’t have read the comments on that Scalzi post.
I wonder if this is going to become the next talking point for the Gators: “Actually, it’s about personal accountability”. Gamergate: Alternate Theory
I’m not even entertaining that premise from someone defending a movement largely consisting of anonymous trollmobs, no matter how lengthy, politely worded (Sea Lion!) and Gish Gallop-y the post.
5 years ago
Ugh, I’ve seen that one before. Individual responsibility in this case only applies to Zoe Quinn and anyone else that’s against GamerGate, apparently.
5 years ago
Mra version: “Actually, it’s about helping men!”
MGTOW version: “Actually, it’s about men choosing not to get married!”
RedPill version: “Actually, it’s about self-improvement!”
5 years ago
It is a truth universally accepted that a single man who plays games and harasses women for having opinions on his games must be in want of ethics in journalism.
5 years ago
Shaenon that comic was excellent
5 years ago
An, now it’s about individual developers and journalists… who all happen to be women, critics of GamerGate, or both.
And that still doesn’t explain the obsession with Anita Sarkeesian.
5 years ago
Yeah, I’m someone who constantly tries to find the little glimmer of good in someone/something, but I think I’m fucking done trying to do so for GG.
Time for scones and frufru coffee 😀
5 years ago
It all starts in a dark sleazy hotel, Zoe Quinn and Anita Sarkeesian cackle as they finish the last touches on their plan to ruin videogames for Men and start their Lesbian Feminist Dystopia.
To promote their work, Zoe purposely creates mean and nasty posts on Wizardchan so she can tell everyone she is being persecuted, and then everyone will want to play her game because reasons. Wizardchan is actually a front for the Feminist Cabal, who operate from their secret military base in Diego Garcia.
Now the game gains popularity as innocent citizens are duped into playing “Depression Quest”, a game which features jokes about rising male suicide rates, and a video clip in which Zoe Quinn and Anita Sarkeesian kick a male puppy back and forth.
This puppy was secretly trained by the Reptilian Illuminati to infiltrate the Feminazi Overlords, a rival group to the Feminist Cabal, who have a secret military base in Antarctica. The Feminazi Overlords are a radical feminist sect created by Adolf Hitler to bring back his Second Coming so he can rain doom upon all who dwell in this docile domain.
The puppy is captured by the CIA and is arrested for impersonating Bigfoot. The FBI try to kidnap the puppy and set fire to the CIA Headquarters. However, the puppy escapes and survives as a prostitute for 3 years in Mexico.
Then, the puppy is captured by the Feminist Cabal, where he learns of their true purpose to take over the world.
The Cabal is run by three regal sisters (Tammy, Tina and Tonsils), who are the daughters of their Tiefling mother, Rebecca, who is head of the Feminazi Overlords.
Rebecca is married to a man named Carl, who is secretly a double agent for the Virus Corporation.
The Virus Corporation is a secret organisation dedicated to spreading chaos, through utilizing distortions in the ley lines that surround the earth. Ley lines are alignments of significant places in the world; think of it as an energy grid. They are directly to blame for the Gulf War and Family Guy.
Carl has an ex-wife named Deborah; Deborah and Carl had a son together that they named Jacob.
Jacob was Zoe’s Boyfriend, but then discovers she secretly handed out Sex to five gaming journalists so that they would write good reviews of her game, thus furthering her plan of driving all Men to commit suicide.
The names of these men are: Layton, Beaumont, Edwin, Kaleb, and Erskine.
Layton lives in New South Wales, Australia. He was the leader of a Hare Krishna sect dedicated to overflowing the universe with bunnies; his Girlfriend is Tina, and this was his way of getting back at her.
Beaumont is a Gay Canadian Model who is a member of The Gay Agenda, and he was told he was sent on a mission to impregnate Zoe with the seed of the Antichrist, so that the Gays can conquer the world. This was a lie; his boss was a man named Elmo, who has ties with Al Qaeda and was directly responsible for the 9/11 World Trade Centre attacks. However Elmo had actually been pressured into this by a man calling himself Lyndon LaRouche, with the promise that he was ‘doing God’s work’, Lyndon in turn only did this because of The Bilderburger Group.
The Bilderburger Group helped cause the Holocaust by writing The Elders of Zion so that Nazis would go insane and kill Jews so that The Bilderburger Group could complain of persecution, thus giving them control of the world somehow. But actually the Nazis were Space Goblins and the Holocaust totally didn’t happen, but at the same time the holocaust did happen because Elf Goats Ate Hitler’s Brain back during the Irish Potato Famine.
Edwin is a farmer.
Kaleb holds the Sixth Key of Chaos forged in the heart of Eldetharr, as a way of appeasement towards the Dwarven God Vargtol, as soon shall be the way when all eight keys are realigned in the mystical land of New Zealand.
Erskine was a member of a grassroots movement who sensibly ran away when it became clear that this movement could not rid itself of attention-seeking assholes, con-men and profiteers feeding off the insecurities of a certain group of people who were encouraged to form an angry mob based on what in truth basically amounted to “the straw that broke the camel’s back”, their voices drowned out by a ‘vocal minority’ that also does not exist and if you say it exists one more time I will seriously murder you, but seriously, all those death threats were made by Zoe Quinn herself so she could claim she was being like totally persecuted and that is why she deserves to die. I totally don’t support death threats by the way, and I will fucking murder you if you say I do.
Jacob threatens to expose the Cabal, so Zoe shoots down his plane — MH370.
The MH370 crashes on Diego Garcia and The Feminist Cabal sends the surviving males to their breeding camps to be ‘milked’ and subsequently slaughtered, and forces the surviving women
One of the surviving Women of the Plane crash turns out to be a highly intelligent and skilled woman named Eris joins the team.
Meanwhile, Jacob joins up with the Male Survivors of the plane crash and plan a breakout. The most useful survivors are Mark, a male rape victim who was forced into the war, lost custody of his children and was falsely accused of assasinating the President, all due to the feminists; then there is Shaun, who has struggled to survive SEVEN WHOLE MONTHS without sex.
Eris offers the gift of a golden apple to the three sisters, saying it belongs to the most beautiful one.
The three sisters argue over who is the most beautiful and the cabal falls into chaos.
The Male plane-crash survivors take advantage of the chaos and stage a breakout. Jacob manages to hack a computer and, posting under a pseudonym, warns the world about Zoe Quinn’s ties to terrorist organisations, her sluttishness, and her manipulative schemes. But mostly her sluttishness.
Rebecca boards a plane to go to Diego Garcia, and Carl takes advantage of the situation and takes over the Feminazi Overlords, and thus they become a splinter group of The Virus Corporation. Carl has heard that a broken Merkaba is buried underneath the Diego Garcia island and thus the Virus Corporation heads there, not knowing that at that very moment the puppy has called his Reptilian masters to that very spot, and thus a great war shall begin between all these various groups!
The Feminist Cabal! The Reptilian Illuminati! The Gay Agenda! The Feminazi Overlords! The Virus Corporation! The FBI! THE CIA! the male plane crash survivors! bigfoot!
so, what happens next? I’ll tell you…
5 years ago
And that still doesn’t explain the obsession with Anita Sarkeesian.
She said words. About games as a medium. That weren’t effusively positive.
Just kidding.
It’s actually about ethics in games journalism. | <urn:uuid:e89111ea-9e49-4ad6-a5ea-7eedeca7b20c> | http://wehuntedthemammoth.com/2014/10/24/meme-of-the-week-is-actually-its-about-ethics-in-game-journalism-the-new-not-all-men/ | en | 0.952047 | 0.081241 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Sexual Assault:
Tim, a 15 year old, was dating a 14 year old for six months in 2009. The two did not see each other that often because both attended different schools. Both lived at home with their parents. The relationship broke down and the two broke up. Several months later, the girl complained to a guidance counsellor at school that Tim had abused her physically and sexually. The guidance counsellor contacted the Ottawa Police and they had the girl come in and provide a statement.
She informed the police that on numerous occasions in 2009, Tim forced her to perform oral sex on him and on two occasions had been forced to have sexual intercourse with him. If she did not comply, Tim would punch her in the stomach. No one was shown any bruises, she claimed.
Tim was charged with sexual assault.
Result – Tim was acquitted at trial because of many inconsistencies in the girl’s testimony. She could not recall how many occasions she had been forced to have oral sex, could not remember where the sexual intercourse had occurred, and contradicted herself many times over details such as whether or not Tim had ejaculated.
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Got tingles? ASMR videos are shown to stimulate sensory processing in the brain.
Reference: Smith, S. D., Fredborg, B. K., & Kornelsen, J. (2019). A functional magnetic resonance imaging investigation of the autonomous sensory meridian response. PeerJ, 7, e7122.
Do you love getting pampered but don’t want to pay for regular massages? Good news for you! There is a free online solution that promotes relaxation, known as ASMR. Recently, researchers discovered that ASMR activates brain regions related to emotion, movement, hearing, and attention.
Getting “triggered”
Most ASMR videos simulate calming social interactions and create soothing sounds. They are designed to evoke “tingles” – a pleasurable sensation that starts in the scalp and may descend to the neck and upper back. Viewers can get these tingles from watching somebody receive a shoulder rub, or from listening to close-up whispers. These videos are a rapidly-growing tactic for relaxation online. However, as many as half of all people are completely insensitive to ASMR (1).
The term ASMR, which stands for Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response, is not a scientific one. It was coined by the Internet community when these videos first started appearing in the late 2000s. Since then, this YouTube-based phenomenon has exploded in popularity, giving rise to hundreds of channels and thousands of videos.
(1) ASMR videos often involve touching different objects, whispering, and even pretending to touch the viewer.
But even among ASMR-sensitive individuals, some sounds or scenarios, known as “triggers”, can leave one person tingly, but another completely unfazed. Some ASMR videos are dedicated to helping viewers discover what gives them the “tingles.” For some, it’s hair brushing simulations. For others, it’s tapping or eating sounds.
Tingles in the brain
A team of psychologists, led by Stephen Smith from the University of Winnipeg in Canada, investigated what brain regions are engaged when people experience ASMR. They recruited 17 self-reported ASMR-sensitive people and 17 people of similar age and gender, but who did not get any tingles from ASMR videos (ASMR-insensitive people). The researchers scanned their brains, while showing them a variety of videos. Half the videos were meant to evoke ASMR, and the other half were simply recordings of people talking in a normal voice.
The psychologists in the study took care to include a variety of ASMR triggers. The videos contained a person doing things like whispering close to the camera, brushing someone else’s hair, or checking the viewer’s hair for lice. According to a prior study, these triggers range from medium to strong in their ability to produce tingles in ASMR-sensitive people (2).
(2) Watching somebody get a massage is a common ASMR trigger, as it creates an aesthetically pleasing image and relaxing sounds.
Neuroanatomy of ASMR
The researchers found that when ASMR-sensitive people were shown ASMR videos, some of their brain regions became more active than when they were shown non-ASMR videos. In particular, the more active brain regions tended to be the areas responsible for sensing information about the world with the body, such as the left superior temporal gyrus and the left cuneus. These brain regions may be involved in processing speech and the pitch of sounds (3, 4). Activation of these brain regions may mean that the tingly ASMR effects depend heavily on sound.
The researchers also compared the activity of the brains of ASMR-sensitive and ASMR-insensitive people in response to the ASMR-inducing videos. They discovered that people with ASMR sensitivity had more activity in their anterior cingulate gyrus. This brain region plays a role in emotional activity, possibly reflecting the pleasurable nature of ASMR tingles. The anterior cingulate gyrus is also part of the salience network – a system that regulates switching attention to internal mental activity (such as remembering a recent event) to paying attention to outside stimuli (such as an ASMR video). The activation of the anterior cingulate gyrus may mean that getting ASMR tingles requires paying close attention to the video.
When watching ASMR-inducing videos, people with ASMR also had more activity in their thalamus – a brain structure that helps integrate multiple senses. It is possible that experiencing ASMR requires combining the senses of hearing and touch, so that the sounds of the video result in the pleasant tingling sensation.
More than tingles?
In ASMR, a video simulation of a real-world scenario can elicit a very real sensory response. Feeling touched and attended to is only a YouTube click away, and now we know what brain regions may be responsible for creating this pleasant experience.
Learning about ASMR-related brain activation patterns may help get us closer to simulating much more complex experiences. Scuba diving? Doing stand-up comedy and not getting any stage fright? Perhaps one day we could experience these sensations from the comfort of our own homes!
1. Photo by alan caishan on Unsplash
2. Photo by Elen Yatsenko on Unsplash
Additional References:
1. Smith, S. D., Katherine Fredborg, B., & Kornelsen, J. (2017). An examination of the default mode network in individuals with autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR). Social Neuroscience, 12(4), 361-365.
2. Fredborg, B., Clark, J., & Smith, S. D. (2017). An examination of personality traits associated with Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR). Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 247.
3. Buchsbaum, B. R., Hickok, G., & Humphries, C. (2001). Role of left posterior superior temporal gyrus in phonological processing for speech perception and production. Cognitive Science, 25(5), 663-678
4. Platel, H., Price, C., Baron, J. C., Wise, R., Lambert, J., Frackowiak, R. S., … & Eustache, F. (1997). The structural components of music perception. A functional anatomical study. Brain: A Journal of Neurology, 120(2), 229-243.
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Is Application Under Review A Good Sign?
Is under review a good sign?
Sometimes managers are not available to make hiring decisions.
Under review simply means you are still being considered.
Sometimes managers are not available to make hiring decisions.
The good news is they haven’t said no..
Can application under review meaning rejected?
If your application makes it this far than it would most likely be labeled “under review” and the next step from here is either to receive an email regarding the interview, or a rejection email. Overall – being under review does not mean something positive or negative. It is a neutral sign.
Are being reviewed meaning?
We use “being reviewed” to show that it’s a current and ongoing action. “Is being reviewed” is the present continuous passive tense (AKA present progressive passive).
How long does it take to review a job application?
one to two weeksIt typically takes one to two weeks to hear back after applying for a job. An employer may respond faster if the job is a high priority, or if they’re a small and efficient organization. It can also occasionally take longer for an employer to respond to a job application or resume submission.
What does considering mean on application status?
Originally Answered: what does “considering” mean on job application status? Considering could be the status of all applications as soon as they are received by the employer up until a decision is made as to whether to progress your application.
What does it mean when it says pending internal Amazon review?
2 answers. It means that they will take 7-14 business days to get back to you about the decision of your background. Call and find out what day they received your background and start the countdown from there. You might as well wait for the whole 14 days because that’s how long they take.
Why is my TikTok video under review?
This will often happen after you’ve had some videos that have gotten some good organic impressions. … If you click on that and it says “This video is under review and can’t be shared right now,” then the algorithm TikTok has for blocking videos that are directly uploaded to TikTok has got you.
What does under review mean on application?
What does review mean?
To review means to look back over something for evaluation or memory. … The review of a book or movie often evaluates the work in question based on its strong and weak points, sometimes ending with a recommendation (or a dismissal). Before a big test, you might want to review (“brush up on”) your notes.
What does under review mean on Kroger application?
Means it is currently being reviewed or nice way of saying no. Answered October 17, 2018 – Kroger Cashier (Former Employee) – Canton, GA.
What is the difference between in review and under review?
2 Answers. One uses in review when the purpose is simply to recollect or remember events. One uses under review when the purpose is to critically scrutinize events- for example to find fault or establish innocence. In review is going through the past in a flash.
How long does it take for FBI application to be under review?
How long does it take Disney to review your application?
It doesn’t take long because they are ALWAYS looking for more employees. After the assessment, it may take about 3 or 4 days at the most for an email about an interview. 9 times out of 10, you’ll get hired on the spot if they think you are right for the job and start orientation about a week afterwards.
What does process completed mean on application status?
From my experience, it means you have completed your application in its entirety and are now awaiting a response from the company. Within the next 10 business days you should either get an email saying you have been chosen to proceed to the second part of the hiring process or an email saying you were not chosen.
What does hidden mean on job application status?
Hidden: A hidden status is effectively retired from use; it does not display as an option when advancing or rejecting candidates and cannot be used in searches or reports. | <urn:uuid:5577366e-f8c4-4094-98a9-c387308ffadc> | https://getofftheinternetandvote.com/qa/is-application-under-review-a-good-sign.html | en | 0.9596 | 0.190138 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
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TheNew SchoolLuisContrerasEnglishComposition IMr.Michael Masters26January 2018 Overthe last decade, homeschool has become the best alternative to public schools.
In some cases, religious issues, standardized test success, teacher to studentratio, and variety of alternative teaching options for both homeschool learningand teaching parents/students. Furthermore, in some states, homeschoolers arehaving trouble with the failing public-school system. Homeschool parents argue thatwhile the public school might be great for some children, it may harm otherchildren entering their first years of education who may be more advanced.Homeschoolinghas gained popularity not only in the in the United States but globally. andits popularity continues to grow among American families. According to the U.
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SDepartment of Education, in 2003 there were 1.1 million children in grades K-12being homeschooled. The three most popular reasons for homeschooling wereconcerns about the safety of the environment of public schools, desire forreligious teachings or moral instruction, and lastly dissatisfaction withacademic instruction or individual instructor preparedness within thepublic-school system (Homeschooling Alone: Why Corporate Reformers are Ignoringthe Real Revolution in Education, 2005). Many parents have transferred theirchildren from traditional schools to homeschooling their children because ofcertain religious beliefs and issues that some families see as not beinginstructed in the public-school system. As Michel Martin, host of “Tell MeMore” from NPR News, stated and according to the National Center for EducationStatistics, the number one reason that parents use for. homeschooling theirchildren is to provide religious and moral instruction. (Martin, 2013, p.10),Many parents opt for this method because most public schools do not participatein religious activities and parents want their children to also receivereligious education, aside from their everyday common studies.
Religion plays amajor role because of the beliefs and things they value and some parents believethat by allowing their children to attend in a public-school it will tamperwith their beliefs and decrease their values. According to the New JerseySchool Board Association, the Supreme Court ruling of Engle v. Vitale in 1962,which opined that U.S. Constitution prohibits schools from proselytizingreligion to children, made it difficult for school districts to determine whatexactly constitutes proselytizing children or school sponsorship of religiousactivities. There are various religious organizations encouraging parents tomake a sacrifice for their children and give homeschooling a chance. Although,there are many people choosing this method of education because of religiousreasons, many parents who are not religious are choosing to homeschool becauseof the opportunities it opens up for their children and them.
Homeschoolingis also appealing to parents and students because of the variety of options thatare available. One of these options being the curriculum, unlike publicschools, where the curriculums are based on the school calendar and studentshave no choice, homeschool students and their parents have the freedom tochoose what it is they want to instruct that day based on what the child wantsto learn. Ultimately, this is a better method for the student since they areable to expand their learning and not feel constrained by the same set ofstandards as a regular public-school attendee. As Mrs.
Gardner, a homeschoolingmother of one, who studied at La Trobe University and is a qualified teacherresponded to the question of, “What exactly does a typical dayinvolve?”. “Anything and everything, Mrs.Gardner says, “from doing chores to reading and drawing, designing games on thecomputer, playing with Legos, and completing puzzles, there’s also time for abounce on the trampoline, and PlayStation”. Thus, giving thechild different options to learn specific things that they may or may not havelearned in public school. Otheroptions for homeschoolers include the number of resources they have availableto them, such as education based software, online tutorials with videoassistance, web-based learning, and an ample variety of textbook.
Many of thesetools can be applied and used for high school or college level learning,depending on the ability of the child. Many of the products needed forhomeschooling can be accessed from multiple distributors or Umbrella schools(cover schools) which can serve as a legal protection for from education statelaws. Such schools can legitimize homeschooling and parents can buy or receive anythingthey want from curriculums, books, and computer-based training for theirchildren. With the growth of homeschooling being between 7 and 15% annually,the market for this type of schooling is growing at a steady rate and is worthabout $850 million in curriculum and resources. With ample options for learningand teaching available, it is easy to see why many parents prefer homeschoolinga method of education. With homeschooling, parents are able to focus on thesubjects of education that are the most beneficial to their children in helpingthem succeed on standardized tests and be accepted into good colleges oruniversities.Formany years now, reports have shown that homeschool students have averagedhigher scores on standardized tests than public school students.
In 2002 theaverage SAT score was 1020 for public school students and homeschoolers achievedan average score of 1092 (Beato, Greg). In 2003 there were 248 homeschooledstudents who achieved semifinalist status in the National Merit Scholarshipprogram with 109 winning awards (Beato, Greg). Other tests such as the ACT,homeschoolers averaged a 22.
6 where public school students only averaged a 20.9(Beato, Greg). However, like public schools, some homeschool students do betterthan others, but the average is just a little bit higher for homeschool basedlearning. Some of the success on these tests is due to the fact that parentshave the ability to focus more closely on subjects that will most likely appearon standardized tests whereas some public schools lack the time and have tospeed through subjects in order to allow time for other subjects, sacrificingstudents who may not completely understand. Other reasons for homeschoolingsuccess is the fact that the students are in a safe environment free of drugs,violence, and discrimination where kids can focus on nothing other than learningwhich in turn will promote higher academic success.
With parents spending muchof their time and energy into educating their child, the result is a qualityeducation compared to the public-school setting where teachers base learning onhow much was covered and not how much the students actually learned. Publicschool teachers are at a disadvantage and do not have the ability to have apersonal learning environment where it is one on one rather than one teacherfor thirty students.Whilemost people envision homeschooling as a child kept in the home and is secludedfrom the rest of the world, it has become just the opposite of that.
Homeschoolers enjoy most of the opportunities and are as much involved in theworld as public-school students (Teicher, Stacy). While most students arecrammed into overpopulated classrooms, homeschool students can enjoy individualattention. As more people start to realize the pros of homeschooling, they willsoon realize that there is a powerful alternative to public and privateschooling where education is not the best for public and private school’s costsare sometimes not affordable. Homeschooling will be the best option for parentswho want their children to experience a better education and succeed incollege, without taking out a second mortgage or get tied up in debt to pay forprivate school or waste valuable time in public school.
Withmore and more students graduating high school poorly educated and not by anymeans ready to compete for jobs in the real world, it is no surprise thathomeschooling seems like a good idea to most parents. While some thinkhomeschooling will be the premier method of education is heading into thefuture, some believe it is a jump back to the future which is a good thing(Lyman, Isabel). It goes back to the old times when kids were taught in theirhomes and would actually learn something during a day of school. Many peoplechoose to homeschool because they believe that public schools have lost themeaning of what a school should be for children and why they are put insociety.
With most schools just passing kids through school instead of takingthe time to actually teach them, they are taking away from their future andleaving them with no skills to bring to society to improve it. Additionally, withthe growing population of kids being homeschooled, it is no surprise that morepeople are starting to realize the benefits of homeschooling and seeing it as apositive alternative to public schools. Furthermore, as some states are havingproblems with regulations, and religious teachings homeschool parents andstudents can enjoy the freedom to practice as they please. Lastly,homeschooling is the best alternative to traditional public schooling ideabecause of religious issues, its proven success on standardized tests, curriculumflexibility, and the of the most important things being family time.
Time todevelop a generation of educated and skilled individuals. | <urn:uuid:fc535fee-76f0-4577-ae83-d21ad8e30d5f> | https://taxteaparty.com/the-education-aside-from-their-everyday-common-studies/ | en | 0.966159 | 0.175231 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Berkeley Lab
Confronting the unmet need of safe drinking water using a low-cost defluorination method
By Cheryl Tajon
Dr. Katya Cherukumilli is the CEO and Founder of the non-profit agency, Global Water Labs, and is a Postdoctoral Fellow at University of Washington. She delivered a scientifically compelling and aspirational presentation on developing low-cost technologies to provide safe drinking water across the globe. The audience was challenged with the connotation the term “fluoride” provokes. From her comprehensive view, “fluoride” exposes the fact that an excess of it (>1.5 mg F/L) leads to irreversibly crippling bone and enamel deformations. Over 200 million people are at risk of these irreversible conditions due to unsafe water. People of the Rift Valley and East India constitute >40% of the global population exposed to these harmful levels. Current defluorination methods are costly or harbor an infrastructure that has been difficult to initiate in low-income settings. Activated alumina, a conventional adsorbent of fluoride, is ca. 50 times more costly than an inexpensive alternative called bauxite ore. Dr. Cherukumilli’s work focuses on bauxite’s characterization and its application in a low-cost defluorination method to generate safe drinking water.
Bauxite can be mined in the USA, Guinea, Ghana, and India. Bauxite from different regions share a similar intrinsic affinity for fluoride adsorption at an optimal pH of 5.5 to 6.0. When conditions become too basic or acidic, fluoride removal becomes inefficient. X-ray fluorescence showed that bauxite contains 20% Al, along with Fe, Si, Ti, and Ca, while scanning electron microscopy revealed its heterogeneous structure. X-ray diffraction confirmed bauxite’s mineral phase of Gibbsite, Al(OH)3, where Fexchanges with OHduring the adsorption process. Interestingly, a component found in bauxite from India is calcite, CaCO3. With an equilibrium pH of 8.1, the performance of this grade of bauxite is hindered as an adsorbant. Dr. Cherukumilli sought ways to improve its implementation and coupled milder methods to achieve optimal fluoride adsorption. By heating the temperature to 100 – 200˚C instead of 300˚C, fluoride adsorption was facilitated when bauxite contained the calcite additive. Furthermore, thermogravimetric analysis/mass spectrometry (TGA/MS) showed that loss of mass upon heating originated from water, which increased bauxite’s surface area and consequently improved fluoride adsorption.
Dr. Cherukumilli’s work of transferring technology in three separate pilots brought her to Tanzania, Kenya, and India to build and test column filters containing bauxite. Her eye is toward independently scaling up to the real world, but also keeping in mind that harmful inorganic chemical contaminants beyond fluoride need consideration. Her talk was thought-provoking and highlights how one can use science to improve the quality of life across the globe. She brings a rigorous and scientific voice to global challenges that we all need to hear and confront with justified urgency. | <urn:uuid:a6002de1-4eb6-4d5b-94e9-220c9e273192> | https://uec.foundry.lbl.gov/aum/confronting-the-unmet-need-of-safe-drinking-water-using-a-low-cost-defluorination-method/ | en | 0.884021 | 0.026587 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
시간 제한 메모리 제한 제출 정답 맞은 사람 정답 비율
2 초 512 MB 7 4 4 57.143%
A string is called double free if no two adjacent letters are the same.
A string is called k-incremental if for all values of j in the range [1, k], there exists exactly one character with j occurrences, and the string’s length is 1+2+3+. . .+ (k−1)+k. For example, if k = 3, then a 3-incremental string should have one character appear once, another twice, another three times, in any order, for a total string length of 6.
A string is both k-incremental and double free if it meets both these criteria. Now consider examining all such strings of lowercase letters for a given k in alphabetical order. Consider the following examples.
k = 2: aba, aca, ada, . . . , aya, aza, bab, bcb, bdb, . . . , zxz, zyz
k = 3: ababac, ababad, . . . , ababay, ababaz, ababca, . . . , zyzyzx
What is the nth string in an alphabetized list of all k-incremental, double free strings?
Each input will consist of a single test case. Note that your program may be run multiple times on different inputs. There will be exactly one line of input. It will contain two integers, k and n (1 ≤ k ≤ 26, 1 ≤ n ≤ 1018), which is asking for the nth string in the alphabetically sorted list of all k-incremental, double free strings.
Output the n th k-incremental, double free string in the alphabetized list. If no such string exists, output −1.
예제 입력 1
2 650
예제 출력 1
예제 입력 2
2 651
예제 출력 2
예제 입력 3
5 12345678901234
예제 출력 3 | <urn:uuid:15498a12-8702-4f55-a8f9-857b7de5cad8> | https://www.acmicpc.net/problem/14511 | en | 0.65958 | 0.627791 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Bruntwood is a family-owned commercial property company with over 140 office buildings across Manchester, Leeds, Birmingham and Liverpool. Established in 1976 by the now Chairman, Michael Ogelsby, Bruntwood specialises in providing bespoke office space from a desk for a day through, to a whole building for 25 years. As well as this, they provide space for serviced offices, retail space, virtual offices and the ‘Red Rooms’ meeting rooms.
The business believes in sustainable cities that provide vibrant places for people to work and live. For Bruntwood to be sustainable, the cities that they operate in, also need to be sustainable. This includes retaining and remodelling existing buildings rather than simply knocking them down and building new ones. This ethos is a core part of the business model with a belief that it uses far less resources than that which are required for new build construction and respects the embedded carbon from a buildings original development.
Bruntwood have an unrivalled expertise in transforming unloved buildings into desirable business locations. Of the 6m sq ft of commercial office space that they own, over 75% was constructed between 1960 and 1979. Bruntwood both owns and manages its estate, giving it the ability to work closely with their utility suppliers and customers, to minimise all aspects of energy consumption, which has resulted in a 16% reduction in carbon emissions in 2014.
£13.4m invested in portfolio in 2014
75% of customers retained at break or expiry
10% of profits given to charity | <urn:uuid:474708cd-5f6c-403f-8abc-a6651f4ce261> | https://www.betterbuildingspartnership.co.uk/node/32 | en | 0.947571 | 0.07228 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Perspective from the Chaos
January 20, 2018
-Philippians 3:12
It’s been a few months since I’ve written anything, and I have a pathetic excuse as to why.
Sure, as little man grows and develops his day to day care is definitely becoming a little more involved and he requires more direct attention. Matt is gone more with his new job, and Jamison continues to constantly seek engagement with the world around her (read: really loves to have all the attention all the time). All good things, and all things that make me crash at the end of the day in happy exhaustion.
But if I’m being more truthful, the reason I keep waiting to write is because I feel like I’m not ready. I keep waiting until I reach the pinnacle, the point where I can look back as an expert with a clear resolution on everything that has been happening for, well, the past 29 years. Right now especially I'm so in the middle of everything that I know nothing. I want to be able to write from the end of the story, knowing the beginning, the middle and end, and seeing the clear story line of my life.
Every year at New Years Eve I live for setting goals for the New Year. I love it. I love taking dreams, breaking them down into attainable goals, and coming alive as I work my way closer to where I want to be. This year when my friend Danielle was texting as asking about my New Year’s Resolutions, the biggest overall goal I could think of was grace. I’m tired. I’m so beyond tired right now. I have a million questions, am more uncertain than ever, and I'm worn out. And I want to give myself grace this year.
That includes grace to admit that I don’t have to know everything, and that I am no where close to any sort of attained perfection.
It would be so great to be the person who has it all together, and has the answers, but why I do I want to appear that way? It serves my own pride and does nothing else.
Maybe I want the illusion of having wisdom and a tidy ending when what others need to hear more is someone else coming alongside and admitting, “I don’t know either.”
“Sometimes I fear we believe we must have it figured out before we share. We must have crossed through that middle space, now having clarity and beautiful perspective, before we can share about the depths through which we waded to get to that other side...
Where are the stories of those in the thick of it, the ones who haven’t reached the other side of the valley yet? Where are the stories that say, ‘I’m here in the middle and if you are too, let’s do this together, because I haven’t figured it out, but maybe we can together.’ Why doesn’t anyone share that part?”
-Krystle Bowen, Edge of Wild
In the words of Katniss Everdeene, I VOLUNTEER AS TRIBUTE.
This is where I am writing from. This is where I am sharing from. I have no degree in theology, no profound resolution, no grey hairs (yet) as a crown of wisdom. I am a (please say it’s still young?) 29 year old baby raising babies and trying to love God and be more like him every day in every way I can.
The secret’s out: I have no answers. I do have a lot more questions, but as my questions increase my faith does as well. With every unanswered question, the more blindly I walk forward, and with every next step more trust in God rather than myself is required.
When I hold little man in my arms and watch him scream in pain while I try everything I can think of to lessen his discomfort I question God. Why does he left bad things happen? Why does my perfect son suffer because of another one’s decisions? Why does this innocent baby have to deal with so much? Why do friends of mine struggle for years to have children when so many have been abandoned?
The sermon at our church last week talked about the Israelite nation fleeing Egypt, and their journey to the promised land. As a kid, it was funny reading and hearing stories about the Israelites. They were totally stupid, amiright? It was pretty easy to laugh and think to myself that I’d never be that oblivious.
As an adult, it’s increasingly painful and reassuring to read about the Israelite people as a whole in the Old Testament because I am more and more aware with every year how similar I am to them. Thousands of years later and unfortunately there is not much new under the sun. For instance, their repeated offense of pleading to God as if their perspective and not his was the full and accurate measure of the situation. They pleaded with God to bring them back to slavery just moments before God was about to annihilate the entire army.
Most days here are happy and full and beautiful. But there are some days like yesterday when little man was in so much pain. Tears were streaming down both our faces, and the only thing I could think of was to take comfort in the fact that my perspective is not God’s. For all I know I am sitting here crying when 30 seconds from now it will all make sense; the very things that cause me to question everything are just pieces in a bigger story line that does make sense.
I am certain some many will mock for blind faith or blindly believing in things I don’t understand, they are right in my limited knowledge base. I don’t understand God, I don’t know why he allows or dictates tragedies, and there’s a lot of the Old Testament that goes right over my head. On the other hand, when you look at the people God chose to use in the bible for his purposes, a lot of time those people were also pretty suspect to downright dodgy characters so I’m in good company.
In one of my favorite songs by Rend Collective, the lyrics read:
In the shadows
In the sorrows
In the desert
When the pain hits
You are constant
You're the song of my heart
You're the joy joy joy lighting my soul
The joy joy joy making me whole
Though I'm broken, I am running
Into Your arms of love
-Rend Collective, Joy
Those lyrics were the inspiration behind the name of this site. I do not want to sit here, paralyzed by the knowledge that I don’t know everything and won’t do everything perfectly. I want to live and write and do and try, knowing that I won’t do it perfectly and confident that God’s grace is sufficient and that his perspective is the only one that matters. I want to keep running, broken as I am, because even in the midst of this messy chaos his love fills my entire being with joy.
“We need to learn to err on the side of action, because we tend to default to negligence. So many won’t do anything unless they hear a voice from heaven telling them precisely what to do. Why not default to action until you hear a voice from heaven telling you to wait? For example: Why not assume you should adopt kids unless you hear a voice telling you not to? Wouldn’t that seem more biblical since God has told us that true religion is to care for the widows and orphans (James 1:27)?
One reason we don’t err on the side of action is the harsh criticism we receive when we fail. People are quick to point out action that ends badly. But we rarely recognize the sin of omission. We criticize the guy who fed too much sugar to starving children rather than criticizing the thousands who fed them nothing.
The servant who buried his master’s money rather than investing it like the other servants spared himself the embarrassment of a failed business venture. But his cowardice earned him the strongest rebuke: his master called him wicked, lazy and worthless (Matthew 25: 24-30). You don’t want to be the servant who does nothing out of fear of messing up. You may well make a mistake through misguided action, but you’re guaranteed to make a mistake by doing nothing.”
-Francis and Lisa Chan, You and Me Forever
So today I’m doing something. I’m writing. I’m sure it will be full of spelling and grammatical errors. I’m sure it will not be formatted correctly, or have theological holes, or only be read by my mom (who will blindly ignore all of that and still call me up to tell me I’m awesome. BLESS YOU MOM AND ALL MOTHERS OUT THERE).
I don't have any answers, or wisdom, or insight. I am fully in the middle of chaos. And that is ok.
It is ok because I know and trust a God who does hold all wisdom, answers, insight and grace in his hand. I love him and I know him even if I don’t understand him. I trust he has a plan that does have a beginning, a middle and an end. I trust that his resolution is the final resolution, that will bring clarity and sense and peace to everything that has happened.
In the meantime, I step forward, falling and failing with joy in my heart and certainty in what I do not always understand.
-Proverbs 3:5-6
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This is the awkward part. The intros. The part where you try to sum up your entire life's existance in one short paragraph and then realize pitifully that you can.
So here goes our short summation on our short time here on this earth.
We're Matt and Bryn. We're crazy about each other and love each other so much we got married twice (never divorced...long story, but having two anniversaries means double the excuse to celebrate so winning, amiright?).
Wherever we live and whatever we do, we want to be like Jesus. He's the ultimate goal, our forever love, and the end game of it all.
Chasing God has led us through some crazy adventures. We lived in a camper and became minimalists for a few years. We've adopted, fostered, and been surrogate parents. We've moved across the country, traveled the globe, renovated a 114 year old farmhouse, and helped refugees turn a house to a home. Through it all have been amazed by how higher and greater the Lord's ways and thoughts are from our own.
These are just some of our stories, because when you see God move you can't help but shout it out in every way you know how.
Most importantly, we love hearing from you and connecting with the living and breathing body of Christ around the world.
who we are
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Sony High-Resolution Audio
The Way The Artists Truly Intended
Buying your High-Resolution Audio files
Enjoy the exciting world of high-resolution music—now. Music services companies offer extensive libraries of High-Resolution Audio files for sale; search them to buy your favourite genres.
High-Resolution Audio products
What is High-Resolution Audio?
High-Resolution Audio refers to a collection of digital processes and formats that allow the encoding and playback of music using higher sampling rates than the standards used in CDs.
original analog recording sound waves
Original analog recording
CD sound waves
CD: 16bit/44.1kHz
hi res audio bar graph comparison
High-Resolution Audio at 24bit/96kHz
The graphs above start with the original analog sound waves, and illustrate the low sample rate of CDs compared to the greater frequency used to record High Resolution Audio. There is no single standard for High Resolution Audio, but the most commonly used specifications are 24bit/96kHz(3.2x more data transmitted than CD) and 24bit/192kHz(6.5x more data transmitted than CD).
Create the system that’s perfect for you
Enjoy high-resolution sound with a system from Sony that matches your listening preferences.
Mobile Options
Home and Office Options
How to enjoy High-Resolution Audio
Buy High-Resolution Audio files from a music service through your computer, Xperia smartphone, tablet or Android Walkman and transfer them to a home audio system or portable device. You can also connect via USB to a home or car audio system for enjoyment anywhere.
Six common High-Resolution Audio formats
DSD, DFF format explanation
Used in professional equipment for making Super Audio CDs.
DSD DSF format explanation
A PC-friendly format created for use in computers.
WAV format explanation
This format was developed for the Windows operating system.
AIFF format explanation
A file format specifically for Mac computers.
FLAC format explanation
"Lossless compression" preserves quality.
ALAC format explanation
A lossless compression technology used by Apple.
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OCZ Agility 3 240GB review
Is the Agility 3 SSD all that agile?
OCZ Agility 3 240GB
Nice package on paper, but the asynchronous NAND compromises the Agility 3's performance
• Latest SandForce controller
• 6Gbps SATA support
• Asynchronous NAND spoils performance
• Not cheap enough compared to Vertex 3
SandForce's hotly anticipated new SF-2200 controller? Check. 240GB of solid state memory? Yup. SATA 6Gbps support? Affirmative. Sequential read and write performance in the 500MB/s ball park? Oh, yes.
Just what separates this OCZ Agility 3 drive from its seemingly identical Vertex 3 sibling? Not a lot, as it happens. But there is one difference.
The Agility 3 makes do with asynchronous rather than synchronous NAND memory. But what, exactly, does this mean? Asynchronous NAND is cheaper and cheaper usually means slower.
In this case, the reasons are rather subtle and involve the way flash memory chips sync with other parts of the SSD chipset over a given clock cycle. But the crucial upshot is that the asynchronous NAND limits the Agility 3 to 50MB/s per channel, whereas the Vertex punches out 200MB/s.
DuraWrite maths rewrite
Now, that does seem like a yawning gap in performance. Given that both drives have eight memory channels, it also begs the question of how the Agility 3 can possibly deliver 500MB/s. Do the maths. It doesn't add up.
The answer, of course, is SandForce's DuraWrite technology which cleverly compresses data before it's stored in the NAND cells, effectively boosting bandwidth. Except, that is, when you're dealing with incompressible data. Like, zip files. And MP3 tracks. And video clips. Which, when you think about it, represents most of the really hefty files on most people's PCs.
It's worth bearing this in mind in the context of the small price difference between OCZ's pairing. Predictably, therefore, the Agility 3 scores highly in the standard ATTO sequential read and write benchmark, clocking up over 500MB/s in both metrics. Truly monumental numbers, we think you'll agree.
However, fire up the AS SSD test, and things aren't quite so peachy as AS SSD uses incompressible data. The result is sequential read and write performance around the 200MB/s mark. Not so monumental, then.
Mercifully, random access performance is less bandwidth limited allowing the Agility 3 to keep a little closer to the Vertex 3 in the AS SSD 4K read and write benchmarks. More importantly, barring the Vertex 3, the Agility 3 is mostly as quick as anything else on test in the 4K random tests, which bodes well for day-to-day desktop use.
As for real-world application performance, the Agility 3 is solid if not spectacular. It's in roughly the same ballpark as the non-SandForce competition in our file decompression race, but a little off the pace when installing games.
Of course, it's attractively priced for a 240GB drive with the latest SandForce controller technology. But then the OCZ Vertex 3 only costs an extra 10 per cent and tops the performance tables across the board. In the end, that £30 discount just isn't enough.
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Tag Archives: lawn mowing
Proper Lawn Mowing Techniques
Fenway Park and the Green Monster
Fenway Park lush turf
C’mon, most of us have said it-
“I wish I could make my lawn look like Fenway” you know, the pattern, the lush green carpet. Well, we’d like to offer up some tips on how you can achieve something similar.
Stripes are a visual effect caused by laying (or bending) grass leaf blades over as you mow in opposite directions. Reflecting sunlight gives the appearance of alternating light and dark green stripes. The grass blades that are bent in the direction you are mowing will appear as light green stripes and the blades bent toward you will appear to be a darker shade of green. Lawn stripes are not created by using special fertilizer techniques, cutting at different heights, painting different colors of green or using different grass species. This is best achieved if you have a roller attachment on your mower, if you don’t you still can make it happen, and if you want- you can actually buy a striping kit!
We’d like you to remember a few key facts: When we’re in a period of extreme heat and or drought you can actually kill your lawn with one single improper mowing. In general, you should never remove more than 33% of the blade of grass. This holds true all throughout the year, no matter the season. Grass does not need to be mowed shorter in the spring or fall. A target length depends upon the type of grass you have for optimal health. There is a direct relationship between mowing height and the depth of the root-the shorter you mow, the shorter the root. When it’s extremely hot and dry, it’s okay to mow at an even longer length to preserve any moisture. Properly watering your lawn and fertilizating are also key factors
To achieve the striped pattern in your lawn follow these basic steps:
To create the Straight Pattern:
1. Cut the perimeter of your lawn (2 passes are recommended to allow for consistent turning and clean visual patterns)
2. Mow your first ‘stripe’ while keeping in mind a ‘line of sight’ to keep stripe alignment straight.
3. Continue to align ‘stripes’ paralleled to the first.
To create the Checkerboard Pattern:
Helpful Hint: Plan your pattern so that both sets of stripes are positioned diagonally with your intended line of sight.
Pattern in lawn
Striped pattern in lawn
1. Cut the perimeter of your lawn (2 passes are recommended)
2. Mow your first ‘stripe’ just as in the ‘Straight Pattern’ keeping a ‘line of sight’.
3. Continue to align ‘stripes’ with the original.
4. Your second pass will criss cross over the first patterned design, helping to create the checkerboard effect.
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The VC Bar
Have fun and don’t forget to tip the barman 😉
2,319 thoughts on “The VC Bar
• There’s a LOT of wariness as this ‘identification’ seems to be based on very few spectroscopy lines. Yes, are there. No, can’t find any other match in the literature. This falls short of ‘confidence’, but has certainly ‘stirred the pot’…
IIRC, seeding those high clouds with hyper-tolerant extremophiles has been repeatedly, um, ‘floated’ by wannabe terraformers. To mis-quote recipe for stately homes’ grand lawns, Seed & roil, seed & roil for a million years…
• There is now an independent indication for phosphine from archival pioneer-13 data. The detection of phosphine is generally accepted. The origin is of course a matter of discussion.
1. Constraining Santorini / Thera eruption date.
One of the problems is that there’s not much *local* carbon-dating calibration material from around then.
Another is that there’s a sorta-plateau in the *global* carbon calibration curve for that era, creating ambiguity.
Also, eruption records in lonnng ice-cores, sediments etc etc records are ‘busy’, with multiple candidates…
There’s some massive timbers from eg Gordian (E.Turkey) spanning that era, but their tree-ring sequences were ‘floating’, as not sufficient match to eg Irish bog-oaks and US Bristle-cones.
I’ve belatedly found a big PNAS article which, as my link put it ‘Cuts The Gordian Knot’.
Looks like they’ve managed to disentangle the complex, oft-contrary effects of mega-eruptions on tree growth at different altitudes, latitudes and seasons.
Beyond ring narrowing and widening, there are distinct chemical changes *Within The Rings*, apparently related to volcanic effects.
If proven, would eliminate one date for Santorini / Thera, incidentally confirming that ‘outlier’ as an ‘orphan’ eruption, and looks likely to revise much of the Eastern Med’s dating. YMMV…
which led me to…
Note reference to corrections, which were too arcane for me to grok…
Still, as they politely say…
“Chemical analysis of the dated tree-ring sequence identifies a chemical change in their growth environment around 1560 BC which, while requiring further substantiation, may be evidence of the Thera eruption.”
2. There has just been a 30 km deep earthquake under Kilaueas southwest rift, mid way between its summit and the deep swarm. Maybe nothing important but if more happen I think this is the beginning. Maybe a plot could be made of all the quakes in 3d space under the big island like what was done at Holuhraun.
🙂 i better hurry up with my article draft before it turns into a report.
• Yes, only if more happen will it be significant, with more I mean several, not just 2 or 4, otherwise it would be within background levels.
• Chad yes You right
Nyiragongo in this video appears to be similar in viscosity to Hawaii and Galapagos hot basalts.
I cannot see any diffrence from Hawaii in viscosity, indeed looks very similar. The sillica content is FAR lower than Hawaii, but temperature is important too. It seems
NO good temperature measurements haves been done at Nyiragongo. But the lava fall does Not look ”more fluid” than normal Hawaii lava
• This lava is fluid and smooth: 35% sillica
Woud it be possible to blow glass with a blob from the lake? or is the sillica content too low for a nice strecthy glass? Many ocean entries in Hawaii forms so called glass bubble flakes ”Limou Pele”
Blowing glass from Nyiragongo lake is perhaps not possible?
Too little sillica and too much gunk? Nyiragongo haves so low sillica and little polymerisation that it never forms hawaiis long peles hairs.
3. It’s been so long….. How is Lurk doing? He is a little close to the hurricane going into Fla…. is Lurk still on the planet … did i miss any important annoucement ?? Stay safe, Lurk! Best!motsfo
• Wow!!! thats huge!
Most of Congo Africa interior.
But it coud be a sensitive satellite and the SO2 is of very low ammounts. Virunga magmas tends to be very alkaline and rich in CO2 but I have not expected the massive SO2 content
• Both volcanoes are some of the most prolific SO2 sources on Earth, they are probably connected to a lot of shallow magma in the rift because the SO2 is always high regardless of activity, unlike Hawaii or Iceland where it drops like a stone after an eruption. I think you are right though in that instrument being very sensitive, the 2011 eruption was much larger and caused no wide scale effects. I think if you looked at holuhraun with that instrument it would look like the apocalypse had begun, or at the simultaneous plumes from fissure 8, sierra negra and ambae in 2018.
Alkaline magma can have high SO2, at that temperature acid-base chemistry probably doesnt happen the way we are used to, or at all. Kilaueas lake is being kept at a higher pH than you would expect because its reacting with the rocks, so same thing just not as much. When it stabilises I hink it will quickly become much more acidic, down to pH of <1 like most acid lakes. That is assuming it survives long enough of course.
• Nyiragongo is a Nephelinite so indeed its an extremely alkaline volcanic rock and very insanely low in sillica. Its also rich in volcanic CO2, Nyiragongo is very CO2 saturated.
The sillicate Nephelinite seems to have a relationship with the non sillicate magma Carbonatite. Both of the plutonic versions of these are often found togther in rock outcrops.
Most of Lengai is built from Nephelinite with carbonatite being a later addition in activity. Both of these magmas are very high in CO2 gas
• Nyiragongo haves indeed a huge SO2 output GVP reports between 8000 and 6000 tons of SO2 everyday!
Thats on pair with Halema’uma’u in 2017 and perhaps even more so.
Nyiragongos 2019 emissions was often around 7000 tons of sulfur everyday.
Nyiragongo does not seem to produce the massive VOG clouds that hovered over Hawaii for 36 years.
Perhaps because atmospheric conditions are diffrent over Continetal Congo?
• Nyiragongo is tall and prominent and the top is also very windy and cold, the emissions blow away. Kilauea is much lower and has no prominence at all, so its emissions hug the ground. Mauna loa also creates a low pressure zone in the trade winds that sucks the vog in where it cant escape.
Also, are you two the same person or know each other in real life? You also really need to stop repeating the same comment so much, its on every page that I have gone back and looked at and copied almost word for word.
• CHAD yes Icey cold Sweden remains one of the worlds most happiest countries 2020 for third year in row!. Sweden is a very small uniform country, with an extremely high living standard and excellent gender equality. Social Democracy provides free Healthcare and Education. And persons haves trust in society and plenty of paid vacation and acceptable job wages.
Having free acess to healthcare and university is a HUMAN RIGHT and not something for just a few. And thats very central here in Scandinavia and northen Europe.
Scandinavia is absolutley amazing at equal opportunities for everyone.
Its a very Democratic country too Sweden
Its around 7 parties in the parlament to vote on. Freedom of speech is very very strong in Finland and Sweden. And democracy insututions are very sequre and stands very strong, compared to many other places in the world.
Sweden like all Scandinavian countries are also very very very safe to live in. It is one of the most peaceful countries I think.
The taxes are higher than US
But you gets plenty of left in the pocket.
The system is made .. so you get gets plenty left in the pocket after tax. And thats the thing
Thats why noneone complains about taxes here.
Scandinavia is also a very GREEN society
Almost all our electricity comes from hydropower ( river electricity ) and we recycles Absolutley everything we waste.
Sweden is a liberal capitalistic society mixed economy
built on good socalist ideas, and it works very well. The freedom of speech is specialy strong Here in North Europe, and been that for 250 years
• Not the same person, but I knows watcher, its a very close friend.
Watcher likes volcanoes and is a close Swedish friend.
I was realtively long ago since we meet. Quite close friend indeed
Both haves a love for africa
• Quite long ago I meet her, close friend but perhaps not the closest.
I haves many other friends too, My friend count here in Sweden have been decreasing over the years. Corona destroys alot of stuff.
• I lives in Stockholm, ..she in a smaller city south of me.
So whats my opinion on Sweden? well I finds it boring to be stuck here..
No active volcanoes, No spectacular landscapes, and we haves an ocean thats so sick and overfeed with agicultural runoff ( Baltic Sea ) that the entire sea here looks like a pond in a farmfield. BUT Sweden does have alot of nature.. alot of beautyful forests. Most European countries outside Scandinavia have destroyed their nature long ago.
• I advise against moving out of Sweden, it is easily one of the safest and best places on Earth to live in and is the envy of most of the Western world for its sustainable energy and high standard of living. I wanted at one point to live in Hawaii with the same reason in mind of living in a geologically stable (boring) area, and specifically to live in Puna exactly because I watched that short documentary on the eruption there in 1955, and thought I would one day see a volcano form in my back yard. This was way back in 2011, if only I knew…
Now you couldnt pay me to live there, visit yes but theres a lot of problems you dont see on the advertising, least of all the absurd cost of living and low minimum wage. Its a rich persons paradise and a prison for everyone else.
Children always want to be adults, but adults wish for the ignorant bliss of their childhood. There is supposed to be the wisdom of old age after that, but im not overly optimistic anyone under 30 today will get that far with the way the world is going… 🙁
• Here is the right field to comment lol
Yes Sweden is amazing…. all Scandinavian countries are
The best combination of capitalism and socialism in a democratic ways
But yes… its boring here… NO active volcanoes, and the Baltic Sea is in
a very very very dire condition.
I loves Hawaiis Big Island too!, the tropical small town life quiet and far away from anything, and that crystal clear ocean.
Living on the Big Island… is not easy there is hardly any jobs…
Im wanting Iceland now, the next best thing and its Scandinavian
• The Baltic Sea here is in such a terrible state here, thats its almost unbelivable! the entire sea is becomming a green plankton sludge.
The smell is so bad in summer that the coasts are being abdandomed.
For 100 s of kilometers the dense green sludge spreads out. Soon the ecosystem will collapse. Visibility in summer is around 20 centimeters, with as low as 5 centimeters inshore. Russia, Baltic States, Poland, Germany, Denmark and Sweden… pours down agicultural runoff in this ocean.
Yes Sweden is amazing… but boring, and our ocean is tragicaly sick
• A happy country indeed, but just as the western world,
we are perhaps not the healthiest, Arteryschorosis runs rampant here, heart disease kills almost everyone here. Im not safe either from becomming a victim of this, despite being only 25, many young already haves it. But swedish health have increased alot since 1990 s, and thats good, more physical activity and less sugar among the population.
Still we are getting older in Sweden and haves high rates of cardiovascular diseases.
• Yes of course I known JS, been friends since childhood, we lives at completely different locations now since a decade.
• Yes watcher is my friend and JEEZ if I wrote comment above here its because I thinked what she coud say…
wrote what I thinked… I apologize came from my mind…
we are not the same person.
• Last time I meet her was in 2015, wonderful person
“Watcher” lives in a small town outside Gothenburg, often rainy there.
She is one that help me to get adopted into Sweden as a smaller kid.
Exactly where she lives… I will kepp secret
• 2006 SO2 plume from Nyiramulagira, just as crazy looking! But a sensitive space instrument.
4. We have a bout of tremor on the big Island associated with some deep quakes.
2020-09-16 13:26:13 2.3 44.8
2020-09-16 13:21:23 2.8 40.7
2020-09-16 13:17:38 2.4 35.4
• The root of all conspiracy theories is the belief that some powerful people have something to hide and immoral interests to pursue. Unfortunately people use conspiracy theories to add some spice into their life by pretending to study and fight boogeymen, and boost their ego be pretending to be against powerful interests. Some use as vessel to expel prejudice, put their desired group in a victim position to emulate their heroes without doing any work.
It should be known that most governments of the world are full of immoral and greedy men whose morals are dependent on how much they get paid and their reelection. I believe that everyone should be on guard for shady actions done by governments and corporations.
The mere fact that several operations existed to align public interests into desired positions should alleviate any skepticism in government outreach and the numerous experiments on civilians show the immorality.
5. Albert / anyone here
How cold was the Mediterranean during the peak of the Pleistocene Ice Ages?
( Saale Glaciation) That was a very brutal glaciation, with the icewall going well into Ukraine. Mediterranean is told to have been 11 C colder than today during the winter. ( really freezing during winter? )
• It was never frozen, though the shallow parts were less saline than today due to increased freshwater inflow from the glacial lakes further north and probably got some sea ice, the ocean itself was about 4 C lower than now. There is apparently also evidence of periodic increases in volcanism associated with the act of rising sea levels, but I only read this in a book once so it may not be an accepted theory anymore.
Etna also began to turn from a tall glaciated silicic stratovolcano (Ellittico stage, about 45000-15000 years ago) into a basaltic volcano with massive supply at the beginning of the holocene, this is probably a coincidence but who knows.
• it woud be alot drier too
11 C cooler in winter the reading the data for Mediterranean.
Very little rainfall, as the icesheets sucked up atmospheric moisture.
And a colder Earth means less moisture in the atmosphere. Less evaporation. Much of Europe became a frozen tundra with permafrost going down to Romania during the height of the glacials. In the Glaciation Europe, trees was a rare sight in the cold and very dry climate.
Mediterranean was a ”cool steppe” back then, with cold and dry adapted animals like saiga antelope, camels, reindeer, musxox and mammoth present as far south as South Spain during the coldest parts of the Ice Age.
Wow Reindeer and wholly mammoths as far south as Gibraltar almost in this article
• The air temperature was
11 C cooler in winter for Mediterranean during the Ice Age. The most significant diffrences was that it was alot drier than today
• Don’t forget the sea-level fall. 100 metres ? 120 metres ?? Made the Med look a very different place. When did Black Sea become isolated ? Gibraltar Sill stayed open, though. The End-Messinian (Zanclean ?) mega-flood’s canyon seems to have found a new role. Still, the Med’s rivers must have cut down into their post-Messinian deltas with some enthusiasm.
Did the hydrology change much ? With climate bands being squeezed towards Equator, and more rain in North Africa etc, there were certainly many permanent and seasonal waterways where we now see only barren wadis. Did the Tibesti Massif make its own weather ?? What was the new balance between river / Atlantic inflows / outflows ??
• Nik Kelly
Africa and the whole world became alot drier during the Ice Age. Sahara expanded enormously during the dry glacials. ( sahara was largest during the ice ages )
Ice Ages is when deserts are largest, because of the cold dry atmosphere. The desert extended 100 s of kilometers north and south during the Ice age.
It was during the warm Interglacial peaks like Eemian and Holocene Optimum that Sahara became rainy and Green.
• Steppe and Desert and Savannah where the major biomes during the Glacial Peaks
Trees where a rare sight, the climate was simply too dry.
And the low carbon dioxide levels at 170 PPM made it difficult for forests to grow during the Ice Ages
• Did somebody not have the idea to irrigate the Sahara not long back? (May well have been the Nazis?)
I wonder how different Africa would look with a giant sea in the middle of it, and the mediterranean obviously a lot smaller. Having said that a lot of land from ancient civilisatios has been lost as the sea level has rose in the Med.
6. I’m hoping this link to Nature is okay but delete it if you wish.
Coronavirus reinfections: three questions scientists are asking
Sorting out whether ‘immunological memory’ affects symptoms during a second infection is crucial, particularly for vaccine development. If symptoms are generally reduced the second time, as in the Hong Kong man, that suggests the immune system is responding as it should.
But if symptoms are consistently worse during a second bout of COVID-19, as they were in the person in Nevada, the immune system might be making things worse, says immunologist Gabrielle Belz at the University of Queensland and the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research in Victoria, Australia. For example, some cases of severe COVID-19 are worsened by rogue immune responses that damage healthy tissue. People who have experienced this during a first infection might have immune cells that are primed to respond in a disproportionate way again the second time, says Belz.
Another possibility is that antibodies produced in response to SARS-CoV-2 help, rather than fight, the virus during a second infection. This phenomenon, called antibody-dependent enhancement, is rare — but researchers found worrying signs of it while trying to develop vaccines against related coronaviruses, responsible for severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome.
• Just published in Scientific American
What COVID-19 Reinfection Means for Vaccines
If SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, follows the precedent set by its coronavirus cousins, reinfection will soon become the rule, rather than the exception.
…The first question is how long any immunity, whether natural or vaccine-mediated, will last. The second and more difficult question is whether a strong immune response can, in some, facilitate future infections, and if reinfection does occur, whether it might increase, rather than decrease, the amount of virus in the body. The third and final question concerns the mechanisms by which coronaviruses reestablish infection in a person who has already been infected once before. One possibility is that they inactivate our memory cells—the equivalent of disconnecting the alarm. This is what the measles virus does upon first infection: target and kill memory B cells specifically. For now, whether this is the case for coronaviruses is unknown.
If SARS-CoV-2 doesn’t wipe out memory response upon reinfection, there is more or less a clear path forward for vaccine development. Over time, we may have to create new generations of vaccines because of antigenic drift, as we do with the flu. Aside from the fact that we may have to revaccinate people amid fading immunity, barring any other complications a vaccine will be able to protect us from reinfection. If SARS-CoV-2 it does tamper with our immune memory, however, we might be in trouble.
There remains much we don’t know about COVID-19 specifically and human coronaviruses at large. What is clear at this moment is that reinfection and the mechanisms that drive it are a key piece of this puzzle—one we can’t leave out, and one that will bedevil our efforts for months and years to come as we struggle to put this genie back in its bottle.
And, from India a new pre-print at The Lancet (so not yet peer reviewed).
Whole Genome Sequencing Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 Reinfections Among Healthcare Workers in India with Increased Severity in the Second Episode
While this study raises important questions, we are mindful that in the context of millions of infections, a few rare or uncommon presentations are not unexpected. With that caveat, we suggest that reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 is possible, that the second episode may be more clinically severe and that this is worthy of worldwide attention and surveillance for its implications on the danger to HCWs on the frontlines of the pandemic.
• And also the following two also peer reviewed and not from wacky sources. Delete if you think not suitable.
Questions concerning the proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2
…These unique features of SARS-CoV-2 raise several questions concerning the
proximal origin of the virus that require further discussion.
Might SARS‐CoV‐2 Have Arisen via Serial Passage through an Animal Host or Cell Culture?
And whether or not gain‐of‐function research is determined to have played a role in SARS‐CoV‐2’s emergence, the fact that it creates opportunities for pandemic viruses to leak out of labs calls for a re‐examination of the moratorium against this practice, because the emergence of this novel coronavirus has demonstrated that the international public health community is not prepared to handle the leak of a pandemic virus. Furthermore, none of the gain‐of‐function research conducted since 2014 has provided humanity with any tools at all to fight back against the ongoing pandemic caused by this novel coronavirus.
• Snag is immunity response to ‘caught in the wild’ Covid may differ very, very markedly from vaccination prompted…
This is why *good* clinical trials are done with ‘Due Care’, scrutinised with near-paranoia.
FWIW, I had my trivalent seasonal ‘flu jab two weeks back. Nothing for a couple of days, then my immune system ‘kicked off’ like a marching band. Hot & cold sweats, crazy dreams. Whatever, I got a new SciFi tale from the weirdest of those ‘Fevre Dreams’…
• For a more technical look at some of the analysis so far (peer reviewed)
Cell entry mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2
A key to curbing SARS-CoV-2 is to understand how it enters cells. SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV both use human ACE2 as entry receptor and human proteases as entry activators. Using biochemical and pseudovirus entry assays and SARS-CoV as a comparison, we have identified key cell entry mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 that potentially contribute to the immune evasion, cell infectivity, and wide spread of the virus. This study also clarifies conflicting reports from recent studies on cell entry of SARS-CoV-2. Finally, by highlighting the potency and the evasiveness of SARS-CoV-2, the study provides insight into intervention strategies that target its cell entry mechanisms.
7. I am of the view that America is about to destroy itself in a second civil war and that the repercussions present an existential threat to the entire planet. If there is anyone who cares to debate the topic, I am happy to elaborate my reasons. This is not an attack on any American political ideology, merely an observation from the outside.
In brief, both sides of the partisan politics in the USA have crossed the Rubicon and are committed to violence. Withdrawal by either side would be an unacceptable win for the other. The usual method the USA uses to paper over social divisions is to employ patriotism by waging war on an external party, America has lagged behind China and Russia in developing new weapons and is likely to lose or fail to win a war against either.
America has more guns than people and a second civil war is likely to cause deaths in the tens of millions. There are many issues of potential conflict, the main ones being economic. America has exported manufacturing and jobs to Asia to maintain competitiveness and profit and is unable to rebuild its domestic industries. The Covid virus has caused further loss of jobs and plans to reopen the economy are likely to make the death toll and economic consequences worse. Competition for jobs within the USA is likely to exacerbate already tense racial issues. There is a religious expectation of Apocalypse that is likely to be self-fulfilling. There are many more areas of potential conflict.
Every friend, enemy and economic competitor of the USA can clearly see the potential to exploit the existing social divisions and cause America to defeat itself by supporting one side or the other, or all sides as the case may be. No help is available for Americans to avoid the march of history. All we can do is watch in dismay.
• Yes bad stuff is on horizon
Soon Trump will annex canada
”trumpchluss ”
Just kidding lol
• I don’t think it will come to civil war, but the tensions have been there since the 2008 financial crisis (and in some cases, since the birth of this country).
I do worry about dictatorship if a certain person gets reelected however.
The news is making the violence look much worse than it is. This is also what they do with natural disasters.
• Before a thing, event, or set of circumstances can come into existence, it must first be possible. A precursor state must exist upon which another force can act to result in the outcome as a changed state. This law applies to the entire universe and everything in it.
From the current state of global affairs, it is possible to achieve a global civilization that can satisfy the reasonable needs and aspirations of a sustainable global population by 2050; without depleting, polluting or otherwise harming the environment, biological diversity and resources of the planet for future generations.
Nuclear war is not only possible; but inevitable. The most likely trigger is a perceived existential threat to the USA from a civil war or an enemy, or both. If significant harm to the planet and future generations is to be avoided, it would be wiser to employ high altitude EMP and biological weapons in each continent. A better civilization and a sustainable population is the best outcome we can extract from such a war.
• The current model of civilization is ecologically and economically unsustainable because of overpopulation and overconsumption by a rapidly growing middle class; resulting in waste and pollution, degraded and collapsing ecosystems, habitats and species, competition for and over exploitation of resources.
• Competition by humans for territory and resources has already resulted in 83% loss of animals. About 60% of all mammals on Earth are now livestock, mostly cattle and pigs, 36% are human and just 4% are wild animals. About 70% of birds are poultry for human consumption and 30% are wild birds. It is a massive human caused extinction event.
• A loss of about 50% of the world’s primary forests has been partly offset by industrial plantations and new forests caused by climate change in areas previously too cold to support them; but the new growth does not compensate for the massive loss of biodiversity.
• 7.8 billion people naturally wanting a good quality of life is the main driver for consumption; but competition for economic survival and prosperity is the main reason that consumption is ecologically destructive, unsustainable, wasteful, polluting and unequal in its benefits.
• As of 2012, the United States alone was using 30% of the world’s resources. If everyone were to consume at that rate, we would need 3-5 planets to sustain this type of living. If we consumed at the rate of Qatar, we would need 8.7 planet Earths.
• There is nothing more essential to life than water. From Cape Town to Flint, Michigan; and from rural, sub-Saharan Africa to Australia’s Murray-Darling basin and Asia’s megacities, there is a global water crisis. People are struggling to access the quantity and quality of water they need for drinking, cooking, bathing, handwashing, and growing their food. Water scarcity was listed in 2019 by the World Economic Forum as one of the largest global risks in terms of potential impact over the next decade.
• Resources are quickly becoming depleted, with about ⅓ already gone. With new consumer markets rising in the developing countries which account for a much higher percent of the world’s population, this number can only rise.
• It is mathematically impossible for the global population and global middle class to keep increasing and consuming at its current exponential rate without collapse by 2050 and there is no indication that rate is declining.
• Even if the global population was to magically stop in its tracks at 7.8 billion, of whom over 50% have now commendably been lifted out of poverty, with many achieving middle class incomes and lifestyles, there is no way to undo the damage that has already been done and it will continue to worsen as more people expect better quality of life.
• Every military decision maker with any intelligence, friend or foe, knows the current global population and overconsumption by the global rich and middle class is unsustainable and is the cause of irresolvable problems.
• They know only the realistic and achievable way to achieve a sustainable global civilization is to significantly and quickly reduce the global population; particularly the number of middle class consumers competing for limited resources and creating the waste and climate altering pollution; more particularly the highest and most wasteful consumers.
• The only realistic and achievable way to achieve such a drastic reduction, within human control, is by using nuclear, biological and chemical weapons, disease and starvation.
• The consequences of nuclear war include the destruction of communication and power grids, water supplies, sanitation systems, fuel delivery and transport systems by EMP, resulting in mass starvation and disease; particularly in energy, transport and technology dependant cities; rendering the release of engineered diseases redundant in all but undeveloped regions and rural areas.
• Nuclear war is an unavoidable progression of the next major conflict because nuclear weapons are ubiquitous, the most effective means of defeating an enemy and must be used or lost in a major conflict; and because a major conflict is inevitable. The conflict has already begun with a retreat into nationalism and protectionism.
• Notwithstanding its potentially devastating ecological impact, nuclear war is also the most efficient use of available technology capable of achieving a sustainable population of ecologically responsible consumers.
• An extended period of nuclear winter caused by smoke and particles lifted into the stratosphere may delay or reverse the process of human caused climate change; and even a worst case nuclear winter is survivable by those adequately prepared.
• A nuclear war is unlikely to result in the loss of the human knowledge and technology that has been accumulated over the centuries. A robust, technologically advanced, ecologically sustainable, economically viable and socially just global civilization can be quickly rebuilt in the aftermath; but with better, globally enforceable laws and regulations.
• The major powers are actively preparing for such a war and strongly indicating by their actions it is likely to occur within a few years.
• The only realistic defence in a nuclear war is a successful first strike, or having no strategic value. It is only a matter of time and opportunity before a military decision maker, probably American, decides the time to strike first is now.
• Hm. I am more of an optimist. The problems we are facing are huge. But they are also solvable. The worst way to address them is by ignoring them. Some of the world try to do that, with predictable consequences. But reality always wins. The fires in the amazon, australia and california – and now russia – happened right when predicted. At some point even the most ardent deniers will find themselves overtaken by the facts. Our young people know better. And we are making progress. Even the US, with all its propaganda and denial, is actually doing quite well in reducing CO2 (obviously from a very high level, but still), and is leading in carbon-free technology. As for nuclear weapons, that seems so last century.. Even Trump, hardly the most restrained of people, has withheld from war. Every world leader has too much to lose. You would wish there were more Merkels in the world though. You are right with the biodiversity numbers. Our cattle is as big a problem as our own numbers.
• Unless we can make food, of all kinds, completely artificially, we cant solve the food problems. Our obsession with meat is a big problem but it is also one without an answer, our species is not a dedicated herbivore and all the plants we can eat struggle to grow anywhere without a huge cost to the environment too, cattle at the very least can eat wild vegetation. Still, given the evidence that at least pigs and probably most large mammals are smart enough to realise their situation we probably need to do something else. Making stuff out of algae is probably a good first step because its already partly done and that will maybe also help with CO2 emissions if we get a large scale.
Really worldwide agriculture needs a total overhaul just as large as what is currently being done with energy. We need an Elon Musk of agriculture to disrupt the fundamentals. Elon is not a philanthropist (well, maybe he is but I doubt it), throwing money randomly does nothing except send it into organised crime, Musk has a total and utter determination to fulfill his personal goals, and a lot of money to play with that he will use very deliberately. He wants to live on Mars, to do that you need a colony, and to do that you need cheap transport in space and also vehicles that dont need air. Making that happen just so happens to mean reusable rockets, power without fossil fuels, and vast advances in battery technology, which will make a huge difference in the future, and until Elon actually leaves for the red planet hes still here with the rest of us, might as well put his tech to good use. It is more complicated than that but we need this over all sectors.
• The current measures required to end to stop ecological devastation would lead to a huge centralization of power, and with the corrupt, greedy,xenophobic, narcissistic, and dishonest people in government, I wouldn’t be too dissatisfied with their response. The greatest atrocities in human history started with the excuses “We have to do this.” “There is no other way.” “It is our right” or “It is what we deserve”
Scientists should not retreat into despair concerning this issues, humanity has come along way and it is not a inevitable conclusion that we kill each other. Hatred and hopelessness doesn’t achieve anything. The world needs more scientific breakthroughs and less political bullS#I.
Man is fickle and I don’t think Allah will tolerate this anymore. [My religious side is dominant this month:)]
Dying from a higher power is much cooler than dying due to greed and selfishness. So we should go for that.
• Most of the funding for the “ignore climate change” politicians comes from the oil industry, at least in the United States. Also I think in Russia, but there the government controls the oil industry.
• I was going to actually say that in my other comment, except about the US puppet that I live in. Australia is great and you couldnt pay me to live anywhere else except New Zealand, but our obsession with fossil fuels is so absurd that the cost of ownership of an EV is actually higher than an ICE car in some areas, as well as the CO2 emissions per km, no that isnt a joke.
• With all due respect, 2012 data is pretty non-current, especially with the significant improvement in the Chinese and Indian economies in recent years.
I get that you had a bad experience with a crazy American girlfriend, but you seem intent on assigning blame for all evils on one country. Yes, we have a history of being militarily aggressive. That does not translate into “nuclear war is inevitable and will be instigated by US aggression”.
I agree with Albert that nukes are kind of 20th century. And there are many other conflicts potentially over water rights as the planet warms, that could be a risk to everyone.
• I don’t assign blame for all ills to one country; and an unfortunate relationship 20 years ago has not coloured my perspective at all. People are a similar sense of being “me”, with similar needs, want and potential the world over. There are simply too many of us to provide for sustainably. The significant improvements to Asian economies is equally to blame for our intractable population and ecological problems in creating more unsustainable middle class consumers. Australians are probably worse than Americans for consumption per capita; and Middle Eastern nations certainly are. I simply see America as the product of history; one that is likely to transform into a necessary evil for the sake of a future good.
• What do you mean by “transform into a necessary evil for the sake of a future good”? That sounds like communism, but it also sounds like America acting as world police (or mercenaries for hire).
What were your predictions for 2020 ten years ago? Were they wrong?
Most people cannot predict the future.
• Current water-rights conflicts:
1. China in Tibet, not only are they suppressing Tibetans, they are controlling the source of the Mekong river.
2. high altitude posturing with India and China is about river sources in the Himalayas. 2-3 billion people depend on that.
3. Ethiopia and its dams along the Nile
4. Turkey and its dams on the Euphrates.
5. various US states and Mexico, over the Colorado River.
I also worry a lot about what happens when the seas rise and half of Bangladesh, Florida, Louisiana, other low-lying places are uninhabitable, and millions of people need to relocate. Oh wait, that’s starting to happen already.
• The future good would be a sustainable global population (around 2 billion) that does not harm the environment or deplete the world’s resources for future generations. To get there in good time would require the death of over 5 billion people in a matter of a few decades. While that is an unwelcome prospect for those doomed to die, it would be a good outcome for the survivors in a future global civilization. There aren’t many means within human control to kill 5 billion people, particularly without reducing the habitable areas of the planet due to radioactive fallout. It can be achieved with high altitude EMP weapons to knock out global electricity grids and the critical urban infrastructure that depends on them, and engineered diseases, forcing competition for survival. There are strategists in each military who understand what is required. Such a war would be considered a necessary evil if a sustainable population is the goal. The USA is one of a few nations with the technology to achieve this. The current model of western civilization is failing, most obviously in the USA, which is doomed to civil war. A wider global war is inevitable. If so, it makes dark good sense to drastically reduce the population in pursuit of eventual sustainability. An ecologically sustainable and economically viable global civilization is likely to be socialist in nature because it has to employ and educate and protect all its citizens from harm. Social groups competing for survival in a Capitalist system may cut costs and regulations in pursuit of viability and profit; but will not cut the mustard as a global culture.
8. Volcanos don’t just force ‘volcanic winters’, they may craft ice-ages, too !!
Island-building in Southeast Asia created Earth’s northern ice sheets
fair-use quote from lonnnng article:
The Greenland ice sheet owes its existence to the growth of an arc of islands in Southeast Asia—stretching from Sumatra to New Guinea—over the last 15 million years, a new study claims.
According to an analysis by researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, UC Santa Barbara and a research institute in Toulouse, France, as the Australian continent pushed these volcanic islands out of the ocean, the rocks were exposed to rain mixed with carbon dioxide, which is acidic. Minerals within the rocks dissolved and washed with the carbon into the ocean, consuming enough carbon dioxide to cool the planet and allow for large ice sheets to form over North America and Northern Europe.
More information: Yuem Park el al., “Emergence of the Southeast Asian islands as a driver for Neogene cooling,” PNAS (2020).
{Nik-note: This link not yet live, nor its Arxiv found…}
FWIW, looking for that, I found some interesting open-access stuff on the Pleistocene & Neogene SE Asia / Indonesia Through-Flow. That’s the ‘tentacle’ of global thermohaline circulation which sorta sneaks through area’s maze of islands rather than take the lonnng scenic route East of Australia / New Zealand…
• Add it to the list of suspects. I note that again, Australia is at fault for careless driving .. Other suspects for the CO2 reduction are the Himalayas (monsoon rains and erosion), Central America (breaking the east-west flow and forcing sea currents north-south) and the evolution of grass (an extremely efficient vegetation, as shown by the density of animals that live off it as opposed to forests).
9. Australia needs to retake it’s test or it will end up like India & Africa i.e. involved in a crash.
It should take note of Antarctica’s expert parking and the Carribbean’s maneuvering in a tight space.
• There’s some concern, IIRC, that ice-cap thinning and isostatic rebound of Antarctica may spawn significant volcanism. Not too significant if up North on the lonnng Antarctic Peninsula, but multiple consequences if beneath the main ice-cap(s). Beyond the likely jökulhlaups, and possible triggering of massive glacial surges, ash-fall may change albedo across a wide area…
Speaking of eruptions, isn’t Australia’s Eastern Hot-Spot now beneath the Tasman Sea ? Not so much the Hot-Spot’s own motion, but Oz’ tectonic plate trucking Nor’East at 62~~70 mm /year…
• East Eustralia hotspot is I think under Bass Strait in theory, but I dont think it is actually conclusive that the hotspot has been active in the last 6 million years, the Newer Volcanics might be related to uplift of the area and decompression melting. The east coast of Australia is a ‘volcanic passive margin’ and there are volcanoes all along the coast that are of all ages from the Cretaceous up until under 1 million years, there are holocene volcanics at Undara/McBride field, and also at Newer Volcanic field which are at opposite ends of the line. I think a lot of hotspots are probably actually something to do with this effect, only a few really big ones like Hawaii seem to have deep mantle roots like all the diagrams show.
• Yeah. That cluster around Atherton is around the same period as the Newer Volcanics Province. Has to be a different magma source.
• That is a 3rd area then, Lake Eacham is about 9000-10,000 years old I found out and Lake Barrain is 14,000 years old, and theres a few other volcanoes there around that time, maybe there is actually a better chance of a new volcano here than in Newer Volcanics actually, its been longer since the last one and the repose is similar.
Atherton is sort of like Newer Volcanics in style though, small monogenetic volcanoes. Nulla, Sturgeon and Chudleigh are similar and possibly all one massive single field separated by erosional structures, much more voluminous with long intervals between eruptions of huge size, almost like a smaller version of the columbia river basalts. McBride is I think actually a proper volcano, a true polygenetic shield, but im writing a draft about that so no more spoilers 🙂
• As the last continent to leave Antarctica, Australia can take the credit for the expert parking, as well as prior ownership of the vehicle, whose tank of fuels every other nation seems keen to siphon when our back is turned.
Good video on the biology and enviroment of the Early Eocene High Arctic, Greenland and Ellesmere was even back then close to the North Pole as it is today. Greenland and Ellesmere Islands was subtropical back then, probaly very similar to everglades in Florida. Caimans and crocodiles swimming in the arctic ocean that reached + 24 C in seawater temps in summer estimates. Also quite extraodinary that sand tiger sharks swam in the Arctic ocean. 55 million years ago the PETM occured. From
the same time fossil palm nuts and seeds been found in Antartica and Greenland.
PETM Arctic was warm and Subtropical. The so called PETM is one of the most extreme greenhouse eras that Earth have ever seen. Massive flood basalts CO2 outgassing drove the CO2 content up to perhaps 2200 PPM around 55 million years ago.
It was an incredible diffrent world than today, extremely hot and humid. Equatorial seas May have reached
+ 37 C or more in seawater temps.
Very hot and humid with torrential rainfall in tropics and midlatitudes.
Earths Hydrological cycle going Into overdrive.
55 million years ago Greenland and South Pole had almost tropical climates?. Fossils of subtropical and even tropical leaves been found in ellesmere island that was in same polar latitude 55 million years ago. The Eocene world was almost completely covered in tropical forests. Sweden was a tropical swamp back then and coral reefs fringed South Greenland. This was a fabolous time for early primates and snakes and crocdillians who thrived in the global rainforests. Primates spread across greenland, europe, africa, asia and into north Africa.
This was when the modern rainforests evolved and appeared. The heat and humidity of the early Eocene epoch made it a excellent time for dense jungles and rainforests.
Today CO2 from human emissions are rising 10 times faster than PETM pretty scary.
• In Early Eocene equator had avarge shadow temps of around 38 to 40 C thats around 10 c warmer than today.
But Eocene equatorial tropical forests thrived in the heat. Equator was a rainy steamy hellhouse far too hot and humid for any modern human to live in. Equator was rainforests even during these extreme hyperthermals, loots of rain and giant reptiles like titanoboa and giant frogs.
• chad perhaps you haves an opinion? If modern hardwood megathermal broadleaf angiosperm tropical rainforest already covered almost the entire planet 57 million years ago.
When did modern tropical rainforest evolve? its already widespread in Colorado in 62 million years old desposits.
Did modern tropical rainforests exist during the very Latest Cretaceous?
Tropical Rainforest leave almost No fossil record because of fast decomposing. All rainforest fossils from Early Eocene are from oxygen poor lake and rivers where decomposition is very slow.
• Modern Tropical rainforests in Eocene from equator up to latitude 66 apparently During the PETM 56 to 48 million years ago. Messel Pit is a spectacular ”modern” rainforest site from Eocene
But did they exist during the Very Latest Cretaceous?
Any Maastrichtian age ( KT boundary hardwood rainforest? ) 66 million years ago.
Most of the age of the Mesozoic was dominated by conifers and tree ferns.
Very diffrent from Eocene and modern tropics. But I knows that angiosperms flowering plants appeared during the early cretaceous. But the origin of the modern tropical rainforest remains a mystery, because they does not fossilize, only fossilize during anoxic lake .. streams conditions.
• Perhaps Albert haves an opinion If Modern megathermal broadleaf angiosperm tropical rainforest… existed in Latest Cretaceous at equator?
• Wow then grass existed during the very Latest Cretaceous!
Likley grew in river forest eustaries.
But the world was warm humid and wet, covered in forests.
Grass Savannah had to wait until the Oligocene – Miocene when the cooling and drying Earth, meant the retreat of the rainforests 34 million years ago.
When modern megathermal hardwood tropical forests first evolved, I dont know
11. Its possible that primate evolution was accelerated by the warm humid Paleocene – Eocene steamhouse.
Just after the PETM primtive primate looking clades where present on all continents, that where covered in tropical rainforest. The early eocene primates where primitive and almost certainly nocturnal The earliest branch are called “Plesiadapiformes” “carpolestidae” and thrived from the equator to the high arctic. Already by the Middle Eocene primtive monkeys had appeared and spread in America, Europe and Africa. This ancient world, that where covered in trees, required foreward facing eyes to judge distance and grasping hands. The rise of fruits also likley selected evolutionary process towards colourvison.
By Middle Eocene 48 Ma “New World monkeys” had spread from africa to europe, north america and south america. With monkeys running around in europe and canada. The Late Eocene calimate cooling and drying was a disaster for the primates of high latitudes, in Europe, americas they where wiped out as the rainforests thinned into woodland and savannah. Thats the reason why USA does not have monkeys today in its forests.
• Looking at the braincase and teeth of this Plesiadapiform … there is only very little primate like features. But the hands are indeed extremely primate like. “Plesiadapiformes” are like a weird mix of primates, rodents and mustelids. But all modern mammal groups are descended from souch kind of small mammals in Paleocene or Latest Creatceous. Already by Late Paleocene there where pig sized hebivores and wolf sized predators.
• All major groups of modern mammals were already around in the late Cretaceous going by genetics, the same with a lot of modern bird groups, despite Neornithes being a rather minor component of the bird lineage until the Cenozoic. There was also a non-Neornithine bird from the mid Paleocene, Qinornis.
There were already macropredatory mammals in the Cretaceous too with Didelphodon and Deltatheridium which were known predators of small dinosaurs (the last one was honestly terrifying given how tiny it was), and stem mammals were also still mactopredatory in the Late triassic right up until the T/J extinction, actually one of the largest non-mammal carnivorous synapsids was found in the mid Triassic.
Earliest really large carnivorous mammal after the K/Pg extinction was Ankalagon, a bear sized mesonychid from only 3 million years post extinction and found in north america, T rex was replaced fast it would seem. Mesonychids are closely related to the modern order Cetartiodactyla – whales and even-toed ungulates, so it would seem even rather derived mammals today already existed well before then.
• Mesonychids where incredibley primitive 😂 enormous jaw muscles and equaly huge saggital crests.
But very small brains.
This mammal group did not surivive the Late Eocene cooling and rise of more efficent carnivorans. The typical Mesonychian had probaly only rudimentary cognetive abilities and was almost certainly solitary hunters, not enough brainpower for social groups. But these jaws and teeth woud be a impressive and scary killing tools. Strong bite forces.
• Some of these Mesonychians woud be a pretty terrible and impressive sight!
Looking like giant wolve hyenas with extremely strong bite forces… crushes a modern human skull.
Another family Entelodonts evolved the infamous Daeodon in late Oligocene.. a sight that must have been a sight from hell, crazy bite forces. Daeodon is souch an impressive animal it coud be used as work beasts in Mordor. A whole Orc army with Daeodons woud be a terryfying sight
• No other clade – group of mammals fascinates me more than Entelodonts
Specialy the Daeodon : ) Mordors beasts of burden and war beasts. Terminator pigs.
They are extinct for now, but perhaps something similar may evolve from boars in the future? if we destructive humans spare the large wild animal fauna for them to eat.
I wants re – evolved Daeodonts, just kidding… but exactly how these beasts lived is still being researched
• Entelodonts were basically terrestrial hippos and probably looked somewhat similar (meaning a rather less rugged and probably more ‘cute’ appearence), but with a more varied diet than hippos which are only rarely omnivorous. I think the group in general is believed to have been generally omnivorous with varying degrees of both carnivory and herbivory favoritism, which is not dissimilar to pigs though Daeodon was certainly at least better adapted as a predator than any pig.
Entelodonts are believed to be close to the ancestry of whales. It is weird to think that whales are as closely related to antelope and cows as we are to lemurs, but I guess that is how evolution works…
• Primitive primates coud have been present in Cretaceous going by genetics
( we have not found all fossils yet as few fossilize ). The very first primates where tiny, tarsier, bushbaby like creatures, like many mammals back then was nocturnal, and emerged at night to run over the paleocene jungle canopies. Solitary creatures that see only in black and white and white and eats only insects and nectar. Even earlier primates was probaly like shrews mice – squirrels but with grasping hands. The most primitive forms are present in Maastrichtian and Paleocene deposits. The early primates where nothing like monkeys today
There is beyond no doubt that the rise of angiosperm forests with nuts, fruits and their invertebrate pollinators is one driver of the evolution of the primates. Euprimates started to appear in Late Paleocene steamhouse and already by Early Eocene lemur like creatures had evolved. By Middle Eocene Simian monkeys with colourvison and large skulls and larger in size where present. When you finds fossil primates with nails rather than paws, its increasingly modern traits and defentivly close related to our own line. The global spread of angiosperm rainforests during the PETM clearly had a great effect on primate evolution, by middle Eocene the monkeys had already evolved. A world, that where covered in trees, required foreward facing eyes to judge distance and grasping hands. The rise of fruits also likley selected evolutionary process towards colourvison.
Do you know If there was primitive Simians even in the late cretaceous?
Apes evolved later in the Miocene
12. All things, including all life, are variations of the same original energy that resulted in this universe. Life is the ability of this universe to witness and experience its own existence. Without life, the universe cannot know of its own existence; and thus does not exist in any meaningful way. We, the self-conscious and intelligent variety of life, are collectively the self-awareness of 13.8 billion years of evolution from a pre-existing potential. It is our purpose to learn from and continue that journey.
I am confident life, including human life, can adapt to whatever the future has in store for us, regardless of the fact our ignorance has led humanity to author an existential ecological crisis. There are some great scientific discoveries arising from that crisis which should benefit future generations. Notwithstanding, the crisis is here and we can soon expect to face the threat of extinction; and that nature will continue to select the most appropriate forms of life for survival in whatever habitable niches are available.
• I’m sorry, while sorta agreeing with much of your second paragraph, I found the first hilarious, though not in a good way. Looks like up-dated version of koan that asks, ‘If tree falls in forest with no-one to hear, does it make a sound ?’ Yeah, right…
It’s a big, big universe. Much, much bigger than we can see. SETI may draw blank, but its horizon is woefully limited. Given the simple, inorganic chemical processes that make the building blocks for even ‘life as we know it’, the odds are overwhelming in favour of life out there. Sadly, we may never find anything beyond single-cell organisms…
Koans: I made myself *very* unpopular with our ‘General Studies’ lecturer when he ventured into Philosophy, asking, ‘What is the sound of one hand clapping ?’
I promptly ‘snap’ fingers Flamenco-style, draw students’ laughter and lecturer’s wrath…
• I have no argument with the probability life is plentiful in this universe; and perhaps others as well. Perhaps you can explain how the universe can witness, experience and know of its existence without life, plentiful or not? Is a self-aware (big, big) universe hilarious without you to find it funny? Be glad your General Studies lecturer was not a Zen master. Remember me when you encounter the sense of humour a self-aware bamboo stick can display.
• FWIW, he was smugly pleased when I failed my arts-weighted GCE ‘General Studies’ ‘mock’. He was stricken when I ‘aced’ the real thing, which was more balanced and, sadly, massacred his ‘Arts Streamers’. Seems most of us ‘Science Streamers’ grasped ‘Arty Stuff’ rather better than vice-versa…
{Disclosure: My wife {RIP}, a polymath, was much brighter than me. We did okay.}
• Sorry for your loss. You’ll wind up liking my upscaled koan. It adds value to the dust speck we call home and all its temporary inhabitants.
13. Seismic crisis of several thpusand earthquakes at Piton de la Fournaise, at this time continuous for over 18 hours, much longer than before previous eruptions in the last few years. Piton doesnt do really big eruptions but it looks like this one will be pretty decent, probably an ocean entry at least which will be a first for 13 years.
The eruptions since the start of 2019 have all been oriented east/west as opposed to mostly north/south before, and the March 2019 and April 2020 eruptions in the same part of the volcano saw high fountaining (100-200 meters), perhaps a different deep structure is active right now. It has actually occurred to me that the entire period of high activity since 2014 has not included a single eruption within its summit crater which is still a gaping pit from after 2007, so a big eruption now has nothing to do with gravity.
• Lava broke out in the caldera a few hours ago but stopped now:look at crater dolumeiu webcams new shiney pahoehoe first since 2007.
Piton de la Fournaise haves a very high magma supply compared to most other volcanoes, But Iceland and Hawaii haves a 10 times larger supply or more, as well as Galapagos that also haves a much larger supply than Reunion.
Knowing all pahoehoe around the main cone, Piton De La Fournasie probaly do something like ”shield building” sometimes with lava lakes and tubes. Looks like it was a small shallow summit chamber before 2007 collapse. But most historical eruptions been small fast fissure events. Small short lived lava flows is why Piton is rather steep. The winter eruption 2019 – 2020 was quite Impressive.
• Quite like Hawaii then, alternation between long lived shield building and high effusion short lived fissures, it was doing shield building in the 18th century. I dont see that changing any time soon though, not until theres a new large volume chamber somewhere.
• I think Carl has said before about 50 cm, but that seems too low or is an old number. I cant find the Grimsvotn data either 🙁
• I am not entirely sure of what the graph is actually showing, but it does appear to show the inflation, perhaps they removed isostatic rebound since it is “detrended”. It seems to refer to the Grimsfjall GPS.
• Yes, it looks like the isostatic rebound has been removed. Note that all three coordinates are almost back at the same values as when it last erupted in 2011.
14. Humans greenhouse gases are now rising 10 times faster than the Paleocene – Eocene thermal maximum event.. which is really really scary. By year 2200 cO2 coud be at many 1000 s ppm. Thats back to PETM in just two or three generations. cO2 is rising so fast that glaciers haves no time to react even.
BY year 10 000 AD Earth will be a superhot, superhumid steamhouse with tropical condtions right from pole to pole, just like it was 54 million years ago. The boreal forests will be wiped out and the deserts turned to green jungle. Earth will become one big rainy greenhouse, and chaos is the animal world.
Siberia and Greenland once again dotted with mangrove svamps and tapirs grazing. The midlatitudes turned tropical and temperate zone human agiculture will collapse. ( perhaps Sahara will be one huge svamp )
The entire world basicaly turns to jungle planet like Dagobath.
But the Icehseets specialy Antartica is enromous, its cooling and drying effect is still very strong today.
Even at 2200 PPM cO2 they will take thousands of years to melt
• The worlds deserts will dissapear… a warmer world is more evaporation from the oceans and more cloud formation and rainfall. Basicaly more humidity in the atmosphere.
PETM was probaly a completely green earth
• Hot yes, but I have strong doubts the world will turn green. This is a global warming but closer to a great dying event, which caused near global desertification. No Pangea today but I think the same result is on the horizon. I also suspect there will be incredibly few animals to colonise that world, all those future evolution speculations (trust me I have experience here 🙂 ) populate future earth with evolved rodents, but rodents as a whole are highly vulnerable to a lack of resources, probably even more than most other mammals. I suspect monitor lizards will actually be one of the few things of size to persist, being high metabolism ectotherms (a rare combimnation) that are superficially very similar to the early archosaurs that survived the P/T event, so basically im saying is future age of (not)dinosaurs :). I dont know what a good modern analogue to Lystrosaurus is, I dont think there is a very similar animal today (maybe pigs but thats still a stretch)
I also want to emphasise how equally apocalyptic the greenhouse earth will be to us as the above scenario, over half the earth will literally be so hot and humid that you would get pneumonia from breathing… Apes evolved in equatorial africa but still within the last glacial period since the mid Miocene, nothing like the PETM, mammals of large size cant live in such an environment. Europe will also be totally flooded if all the ice melts, as will some of the misissipi basin and (even more or) south east asia, up to the base of the himalayas, so basically 99% of the areas that are inhabited now are gone. as a bonus we might get a re-evolved Titanoboa if the amazon is still there (is that even a bonus?…)
I personally think this wont happen though, we will destroy ourselves before it gets that bad… 🙁
• Apes evolved indeed in the Miocene… europe had a plentiful ape fauna back then.
But Monkeys already existed in late Eocene or early Oligocene
• If the Deccan Traps and Chixlulub inferno did not happen…
Woud the dinosaurs still be dominant in cenozoic? woud they survive first PETM and the slow later the cooling and drying towards Plesitocene Ice ages? I knows that biology and evolution is extremely flexible and perhaps woud be the case.
Dr Polaris youtube channel is doing an amazing alternative evolution in Cenozoic with dinosaurs as masters
• The answer to those questions is absolutely certain, yes, and then yes, and yes again.
But I dont like simple so here is a wall of text to answer all questions in advance 🙂
Furst off, dinosaurs were not reptiles and reptile is no longer a valid term for any group of animals, it pretty much refers only to Squamata, lizards and snakes, or as a general term for scaly animals. Dinosaurs in life resembled mammals far more than lizards, and of course some of them would have greatly resembled birds and indeed birds are dinosaurs nestled within the maniraptora clade of theropods, the current definition of dinosaur is ‘any animal closer to passer domesticus (common sparrow) than to Crocodylus niloticus( nile crocodile).
As far as is known, apart from the largest sauropods that were simply so big they didnt need to be (but doesnt mean they werent), all dinosaurs and actually nearly all archosaurs were certainly endothermic and covered in fuzz. Yes, fuzz, not feathers, because until complex branched structures evolved, and that only happened in the maniraptora clade of theropods, the difference between feathers, fur and the ‘pycnofibres’ on pterosaurs is simply some weird apes being pedantic and trying to make them separate because they want a difference to exist.
It is hard to imagine because of our long standing tradition, but lizards are probably secondarily scaly, and there is just as much of a chance that the earliest amniotes, even before the sauropsids/synapsida split, were some sort of fuzzy as opposed to scaly, and fur is confirmed for some unknown Permian animal prior t othe great dying. Both would have been suitable for terrestrial existance in the Carboniferous, and the early and mid Permian was actually a glacial period like now. It is also worth noting that crocodiles are secondarily endothermic and still retain bird-like lungs and 4 chambered hearts of endothermic animals, the extinct sebecidae family of terrestrial crocodiles were endothermic and highly active animals, kind of like a cross of a komodo dragon and a tiger…
Basically the only reason we think of extinct animals being cold blooded and scaly is because early tetrapods looked like lizards, that is all…
• Yes dinosaurs and petrosaurs was very mammal like in some sense and many ways and where highly active and mobile animals.
Dinosaurs are indeed the birds and the feathered dinosaurs
( non avian feathered raptors ) was almost certainly fully warm blooded and had very good colourvison. These animals as Dakotaraptor was very much like giant ground hawks and eagles walking around. Good colour vison and intelligence and perhaps courting colourful feathers
• Late Maastrichtian was the very last days of the dinosaurs, and probaly had the highest evolved “non avian” dinosaurs, as well as modern looking birds evolved from dinosaurs where present, but most radiation among modern Avian dinosaurs happened in Eocene. Late Maastrichtian 66 ma was probaly home to modern tropical rainforests at equator. Hell Creek was a subtropical swamp with almost complete domination of angiosperms flowering trees. The classical cycad conifer jurassic forests was almost gone by Late Cretaceous. Angiosperm flowering plants made an explosion in diversity in earlier creatceous. Late Maastrichtian was home to alot of mammal and crocodillian as well as turtle and tortoise diversity.
The dinosaur genus Ceratopsia was very abundant at Maastrichtian stage of the cretaceous. Hadrosaurs did well too and had great diversity. The Theropods hanged on well too. The rise and domination of flowering plants and trees probaly had a enromous influense of the hebivores in the late cretaceous.
The game “Saurian” thats still under development hard work
will recreate the Hell Creek ecosystem in all details. The demo is avaible for play
• We humans probaly release as much cO2 as Siberian Traps did… or even much much more.
Yes the return of giant boas and pythons and oversized tortoises.
Permian and PETM was just as hot, but PETM was jungle planet, Permian was a desert caused by large landmass and lack of broadleaf plant evaporation.
Much of the worlds megafauna is already gone ( megafuna was most healthy at late pilocene )
Todays world is impoverished in large mammals, they have all died out.
Todays mammal fauna if humans never evolved.
Europe and America should be full of mammoths, lions, cave lions, cave bears, cave hyenas, giraffes, dire wolves, mastodonts, elephants, rhinos, leopards, bison. buffalo and many others.
Thats the natural mammal fauna of example germany during an interglacial.
• Most of those other Pleistocene animals probably wouldnt have evolved either if there was something stopping us from existing. It is easy to forget we evolved as a natural part of the environment just like everything else. Earliest members of the Homo genus in Europe was over a million years ago.
15. It’s all the fault of the Neanderthals apparently…
Hugo Zeberg & Svante Pääbo
Nature (2020)
A recent genetic association study1 identified a gene cluster on chromosome 3 as a risk locus for respiratory failure upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. A new study2 comprising 3,199 hospitalized COVID-19 patients and controls finds that this is the major genetic risk factor for severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalization (COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative). Here, we show that the risk is conferred by a genomic segment of ~50 kb that is inherited from Neanderthals and is carried by ~50% of people in South Asia and ~16% of people in Europe today.
16. Tyrannosaurus in Fort Peck Reservoir
Late Maastrichtian was the very last days of the dinosaurs.
17. I have one question that may be difficult to answer. How old is the rock making the actual central volcano of Grimsvotn? The old articles on this site seem to say it is pre-Holocene but that is pretty polar opposite to the idea of Grimsvotn being a very active volcano. I dont know much about it but the Saksunarvatn tephra eruptions sound like they were dead zone eruptions before the Pleistocene icecap was gone and would have otherwise been effusive, Grimsvotn is not really the sort of volcano to do ignimbrite eruptions and I think an eruption like that is probably impossible in a basaltic volcano without water, a total foundering of a basaltic magma chamber would make a flood basalt.
Was there a point in the Holocene that Grimsvotn was not glaciated? I suspect that is when the existing nunatak was formed, as a sort of lava shield maybe looking like Pu’u O’o but way bigger.
• The caldera cluster is a holocene product, the volcanic complex itself is probaly very Latest Pleistocene in age. Most of the central volcano was probaly formed well after Chibanian age. Grimsvötn emerged during a very cold part of earths history. When the first ”embryos” of Grimsvötn was layed down, Iceland was covered under kilometers of Ice, looking like a mini Antartica, huge massive ice dome covered all of Iceland.
Grimsvötn been very active in holocene and in pleistocene , But most of the historical magmatic materials turns to fine ash when it interacts with the icesheets. Grimsvötn is mostly made of pillow lavas and pheratomagmatic pyroclastic materials products of subglacial activity. The caldera walls are full of ash and hydroclastic materials.
If Iceland emerged in Tropical Atlantic, Grimsvötn woud be like a mix between Halema’uma’u and Fernandina
An elevated plateau of massive Aa lava flows with shields here and there, and a big deep caldera thats partialy filled by huge rootless lava lakes. That woud be Grimsvötn without a glacial history.
• Grimsvötn haves pooled quite alot of basalt magma at current 2020.. gas emissions are massive now, and IMO confirmed that the system is much more pressurized and inflated now than before 2011.
The Ice near the caldera wall have melted into warm silty lakes. An eruption can emerge at any moment now. I wants numbers of tons of SO2 a day that they measured in march.
Vatnajökull have existed in one form or another since 2 million years back. Its likley it was almost competely gone for a short time, during the very warm Eemian Interglacial When the Northen Hemisphere was more tilted towards the sun. Overall Pleistocene been a very cold period with low cO2 and Iceland been competely unlivable most of the last 2 million years. I will research more on how old Grimsvötn acually is
• IMO wrote that they never seen souch high SO2 levels for any sleeping volcano before, when they measured at Grimsvötn back in spring 2020.
The high Sulfur ammount is a sign that magma is just under the surface now. Is a vent about to open up in the glacial caldera wall? sounds almost like Halema’uma’u in 2007
Hopes Grimsvötn does something New and exciting next time it erupts : D
• As always, I want it to escape the glacier and have a subaerial eruption from the central volcano. I suspect it will take a pretty huge eruption for that though with all the water around, another 2011 at least. Maybe that is not so unlikely though, so who knows. Once actually out of the ice I think eruptions will only be effusive if at that location, similar to eruptions in other parts of Iceland where there arent glaciers like where Holuhraun is.
Also might want to keep the comments a bit shorter too I think we have both got a habit of overdoing it accidentally 🙂
• Grimsvötn have pooled a quite large batch now… so perhaps we may get an Surtsey Island like sequence in the caldera next time it erupts. I dont know the yearly magma supply to Grimsvötn, but its having a very increased influx since 2004 and 2011 s materials where very primtive mantle. The leading up to Holuhraun happened after 2011, so the 2011 magmas coud be from a plume sourge that feed both 2011 and 2014 as well as todays high magma influx under Grimsvötn. Grimsvötn is a large system, it goes from greip and down lakis south edge. Thats 150 kilometers long, grim is almost 60 km wide at north
and gets narrower as you go south. Absolutley of the largest volcanoes outside Hawaii.
The arera is extremely eroded by ice age glaciers
• Yearly supply is likely comparable to Kilauea, but a lot of that will be passive due to rifting. That being said I actually have doubts the main rift zone is through Grimsvotn, it looks more like it goes through Bardarbunga at current. In this case I would assume Grimsvotn to have a lower supply than above, but higher eruption ratio. I dont think its supply is 0.5+km3 a year like in Carls famous article though, at least not all the time, otherwise it would never stop erupting.
Alberts recent article on the 1783 eruptions was interesting though, if that eruption was not directly fed from Grimsvotn then Grims average over the past 300 years actually goes way down, something like 1/4 of what it would have been if 1783 is included.
18. There is a new report about the activity at Piton de la Fournaise, the swarm that began as the seismic crisis on 28th September is diminished but ongoing as is the deformation, but now a new magma pulse has begun at the summit while high CO2 at distant locations is still observed suggesting there is still magma rising from the mantle. Basically there is more magma coming in than there was a week ago despite the apparent decrease in activity, I think its still pretty evident a much larger eruption than most of the recent events is going to happen, the pressure is increasing and an intrusion has already begun so theres really only one outcome.
• Is it just me or has 2010-2020 been a particularly productive decade for basaltic volcanism? I know I put a comment like this somewhere else but its an interesting discussion. Just off the top of my head, Grimsvotn, Nabro, Nyamuragira in 2011 at 1.5, 0.3 and 0.4km3. Then theres Tolbachik in 2012-2013 at 0.5 km3. Bardarbunga in 2014-2015 at 1.5 km3. Kilauea, Sierra Negra, Ambae and Ambrym in 2018 at 1.1, 0.4, 0.2 and 0.25 km3.
In addition right now Kilauea, Grimsvotn, Piton de la Fournaise, Mauna Loa and Bardarbunga all look to be at various late stages to another near future major eruption and chances are Grimsvotn and Piton will go before this years end. Maybe im imagining this but that is a lot of lava, 6.3 km3 and that isnt including that Etna, Kilauea and Erta Ale all had long lived effusive eruptions in that time too…
• I dont think it is really unusual, maybe to have Bardardunga and Kilauea go caldera the same decade is a bit exceptional, but for the others it is business as usual, nothing extraordinary.
And most of the volcanoes mentioned can do much bigger, there was no one really showing off. The 12 km caldera of Ambrym collapsing, a Veidivotn eruption, a lava flood on the east flank of Sierra Negra, Mauna Loa throwing a Hapaimamu, or Dubbi (of the Nabro Range) doing a plinian eruption followed by fire fountains. Those would be events to truly be remembered for a lifetime.
• I am aware individually these are all quite average (well maybe above average but not exceptional) it is more that all of these are in the same decade. 2000-2010 I believe the biggest basaltic eruption was probably Piton de la Fournaise 2007, or maybe Hekla 2000 and both were maybe 0.25 km3. Nothing clost to 1 km3.
Of the examples you mention actually 1 of those exceptional eruptions has occurred in the lifetime of a lot of viewers on this site. Sierra Negra erupted in 1979-1980 and that eruption was apparently responsible for creating nearly all of the massive a’a field on its north flank. I was sceptical but all the sources including the original field observation back this up, and I finally found a picture that also confirms all of it. I guess this just shows we have a lot of big volcanism to think about sometimes and that it can come from anywhere. 🙂
• I was thinking of an even bigger eruption in the east flank of Sierra Negra that looks as if the volcano had erupted most of the contents in its shallow magma chamber in not more than a few days. But yes the 1979 eruption was a big one no doubt.
• The lava rivers at that moment where stunning, Bardarbunga had these ”standing waves” in the flow.. something only low viscosity very quickly moving channelized flows do. The thermal radiation must been intense at that phase
19. Well HVO fixed the tiltmeter and its still going up actually a lot more than I thought it would from the preceding signal. By a lot I mean 1 microradian, which is tiny and on its own insignificant but the tilt is being very persistent and a few quakes happened again, it is more that I thought it would stay flat for at least a week but it hasnt.
Maybe until something happens we can place bets or make a poll post, which volcano is next to erupt out of Kilauea, Piton de la Fournaise or Grimsvotn. I just chose those 3 because I know about them and what the potential is right now, im sure there are more that could be suggested for this. I guess its a win win for everyone though in the end 🙂
• Pay-walled…
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• After the Chicxlulub Impactor the entire planet was charred
Reentering ejecta created a Firestorm high in the skies, radiating heat towards the ground.. cooking the biosphere.
Terrible day KT was 🙂
20. It is coming, Hell is being fashioned, a terrible pain is being perfected. The men are laughing..From every corner of the world it will rise, and there will only be dread. I can see it. Wait. my friends and you will see what I see, and feel what I feel. The Earth’s vengeance, a divine wrath. It is coming, my friends. I am happy and you will be to.
Just wait and you’ll all see. (: I am so happy. I can’t wait.
• I would prefer to let civilization descend over darkness. We have massive problems but overall, our society (and especially treatment of each other) is better than it has ever been. Civilization pays off. Everyone finds it difficult to accept cultural or physical differences from what we are used to. That is human. But we are learning to recognize those others as people just like ourselves. We have come a long way from our days of small tribes in a hostile world.
And then a volcano goes off and couldn’t care less..
• Just kidding
Yes the first step towards that, is a much smaller global population. The ideal world community is just a few million, that lives in a highly ecological and technicaly green way.
The smallest Scandinavian countries are a good model. But global population is as large as it is now
• Colonizing Mars is a must,it coud be an ideal home… underground cities in a few
1000 years. With humans thrving on Mars, Earth coud be let in peace.
I wants Earth to be transformed into a huge national park, where the non human lifeforms can live in peace and evolve without us.
But first many other problems on Earth haves to be solved.
Yes I think the globalization is positive, sharing information and knowledge about the state of our planet and the natural beauty that still exist.
• That level of Martian colonisation is something measured in decades not millennia, at least if Elon Musk can have his way, plans of martian cities self supporting in 2050. Mars is actually more habitable than some places on earth that are regularly visited so I see this as pretty plausible, the danger is in getting there.
21. Would love an article on the African and Pacific superswells (particularly the african as it possibly formed less than 10mya). Fascinated by the processes in mantle circulation that caused these two areas.
They’re antipodal also which is probably significant – maybe they exist because Earth is an oblate spheroid rather than spherical? My personal opinion is that a particularly large impacter may have changed the dynamics of mantle flow some time in the past (and that this has happened on multiple occasions).
I’ve always wondered why we’ve never found real evidence of the impact said to have created the moon (although to be fair the evidence could have been long destroyed) – we recently found rocks in hudson bay that are older than the moon.
• IIRC, recent simulations suggest the nascent earth/moon system was reduced to a swirl of white-hot debris, ‘Something Greco-Roman Beginning With S’, um, Go, Go, Google…
Ha !! A SYNESTIA !!
Other than that, the Moon bears witness that there were many lesser but still mega-wallopers whizzing around, and young Earth must have collected several times more than the young Moon.
There’s the Vredford, Sudbury & Carswell ‘signatures’ of mere ~10km impactors. IIRC, there are other candidates, including a big ‘very probable’ in Australia. Also, wary conjecture that several enduring ‘plumes’ may be the spoor of ocean impacts, their primary sites long-since subducted by plate tectonics. Several deep anomalies, ‘atypical’ core/mantle ‘Blobs’, may relate…
Regarding the Hudson Bay rocks’ age, though I don’t doubt their vast antiquity, comparison with Lunar rocks is fraught due to sampling issues. IIRC, orbital geo-mapping now suggests that many Apollo samples, necessarily surface-collected, were *significantly* contaminated by mega-impact ejection debris…
22. -155.279495239258, 19.3993339538574
Depth: 2.07999992370605 km (1.3 mi)
Magnitude: 3.05999994
Date: 2020-10-11 14:54:57 local
2020-10-11 03:54:57 UTC
Age: 0.1 days
Distance From: 6 km SW of Volcano, Hawaii
Mgnitude 3+ quake on the south edge of Kilauea caldera at 2 km deep. Its not very big but I havent seen any near that size in this location since the eruption ended that I can recall, so interesting. There has been a few quakes there in the past few days actually,.
• It was a long period event with rhythmic pulses. The earthquake is in the typical location of shallow LP events but I don’t remember any this large before.
• The earthquake also took place just before tilt started to drop sharply at 18:00 Hawaii time (a DI event), I don’t think this is a coincidence, I remember at least one other time when shallow LP events preceded a sharp DI.
I wonder if this DI event will be odd in any way since it opened with an unusual earthquake.
• The depth is interesting too, probably right at the magma chamber. There isnt any sort of really obvious signal from this quake but with so much activity I think it must be getting close to erupting by now. Quakes began happening in the magmatic system in June, I think that point was when the drain from 2018 was finally recovered by the supply rate and since then it has been in a pre-eruptive state where the only thing stopping an eruption is that there isnt enough pressure to break the lid yet. Must be a pretty solid lid, 4 months of supply at Kilauea is about 70 million m3 of magma and its not showing signs of failure so we could be in for a real firework show when it finally fails, I want to see something like 1959 🙂
• This quake does not clearly show up at the seismographs. It is a very drawn-out affair. Magma or gas flow, but no rock cracking.
The magma supply rate at Kilaueau is reported at 0.09-0.11 km3/yr. Episodically it can reach up to 0.18, but this is balanced by episodes where it is near zero. There is no evidence for an average of 0.2 km3/yr.
• A well above 0,1 km3 supply is the reality for the many many km3 that have been produced from 1983 to 2018. The Leilani eruption is 1,2 km3 confirmed by USGS.
The Puu Oo eruption maybe close to 7 km3 or more, alot of lava dissapeared into the pacific ocean. These lava tubes that seems so slow.. acually flowed at high rates, miles long hidden rivers. Around 4 km3 remains on land If you count the thickness and extent on land, But alot vent into the ocean. Puu Oo erupted at input supply rates.
• These are the published rates. There was a supply peak in 2003-2007 when it briefly doubled, but after that it returned to normal values of 0.1km3/yr. Pu’u O’o produced 4.4 km3 overall (most recent numbers from USGS). Leilani depleted an existing magma chamber and was not fed by continuous magma supply.
• I think there are actually several such papers on the magma supply to Kilauea and they all seem to be slightly different. There have been points it was a lot higher back after collapses, decompression melting etc, which is applicable now I think, and there has certainly been a lot of magma input since 2018 just no-one knows how much for sure. Published rate for the hotspot is 0.21 km3/year and Mauna Loa is not fed with 0.1 km3/year so the rest must be going somewhere.
I cant find a source saying it stopped while the eruption was ongoing. I think assumption that it stopped is for simplicity of modelling not that HVO thinks that actually happened.
Jesper maybe 10% of the volume of Pu’u O’o is in the ocean as an unknown probably not even that, the total volume is probably at about 5 km3 max which is close to the published volume of about 4.5 km3. Kupaianaha stage was not exceptional in effusion rate either only slightly more than 61g, the highest average rates were during the high fountaining years when ~0.5 km3 of lava was erupted in 3 years (from GVP bulletins)
• I just realised you meant that the 2018 flows were fed at such a rate by draining the existing chamber not a big new intrusion of 1+km3 of magma, that is true probably could have worded it better. What I meant is that the trickle of magma that fed Pu’u O’o for all those years never stopped while the magma chamber drained it was just completely obscured by the high drain rate.
It was my hypothesis that the 6 m3/s difference in the rate of collapse vs rate of eruption presented on the video represents that inflow rate from the mantle, possibly enhanced from a slightly lower rate before by the decompression of the system as it drained.
• Puu Oo is a very underestimated eruption. The Icelandic FB volcanic groups are never impressed by Kilaūea.
Puu Oo had lava tubes, thats hidden lava rivers thats where perhaps 15 kilometers long.. and even much longer during the 2014 – 2015 Pahoa flow. The lava in a Puu Oo tube can flow much faster than you can run and can flow for many years. The 2007 summer event at Puu Oo was amazing.
When souch tube bursts lava flows many 100 meters in a few minutes.
Some sources say that around 70% of the large Kupaianaha tube system ended up in the pacific ocean. Really big ocean entries in 1980 s and 1990 s as well as late 2000 s
And 2016 – 2018 61G lava flow is impressive in its own right with the firehose and large benches
• I hopes Iceland does a shield building eruption soon… That woud be a tourist 🧲
Give me a shield ”Grimsdyngja”
• A typical Puu Oo flow can last for many years and form a complex network of 13 kilometers long lava tubes and many ocean entries and repeated bench collapses and buildups.
The lava flow rates in the tubes can be very fast and sometimes lava tubes bursts forming fast sheet flows as well as tubes on top of tubes.
The largest historical lava tube on Kilaūea is the Kazumura lava tube thats almost 70 kilometers long and was active for maaany years
• I have seen the lava of Pu’uO’o. It could not get into the ocean without being noticed. It is an almost perfectly observed eruption. To almost double the amount of lava without the local volcanologists noticing seems a bit unlikely, given the quality of those volcanologists!
• Including the fleets of tourist helicopters that fly over the site daily. We took one once and were able to see vents (windows) and flows on a slow day.
• I wanted to see it all decade but somehow felt it would end before I got to see it, and what do you know… 🙁
Certainly there will be many more eruptions at Kilauea in my lifetime probably even in the next year, but I have no idea how likely it is for another Pu’u O’o, a multiple decades long flank eruption. If the east rift is still the prefered location of eruption after 2018 then maybe it could happen pretty soon but otherwise it might be a very long time off, having to get lucky and be there for a 1 day eruption once a year is not quite as fun as playing with lava with a shovel…
Truly one of the things that is taken for granted until its gone, only then is it realised how special it was.
• I seen the Puu Oo flows 5 times!
Everytime it was amazing and taking a showel and messing with the pahoehoe.
Hawaii haves extremely low viscosity. When lava flows haves a smooth and shiney crust that almost mirror like, thats a sign its been truley molten and fluid with most of the crystals melted. Only the most fluid lavas do that. Hawaiian fast moving lava channels can be as shiney as aluminium in daylight.
23. chad on the very coolest smallest
Red Dwarfs the Sunspots there Thats way colder than our suns sunspots. Does it rain sillicate and iron?
Is there sillicate or Iron cloud condensation in a Red Dwarf sunspot?
• Probably if there is enough of those materials. I dont think it is known for sure if red dwarfs have starspots though, the convection cells are very small scaled to the star itself vs the sun. Brown dwarfs are often very magnetic though so maybe red dwarfs are too and sunspots are related to the suns magnetic field.
I have wondered at times what would happen to a star mass terrestrial planet. I think iron planets are limited only by the electron degeneracy force because iron doesnt undergo exothermic fusion, so an iron planet can be as massive as a star, but silicate planets are made of elements that can undergo fusion in extreme conditions. If you add mass to gas giants they become stars, but what happens if you clump terrestrial planets together to that same extent? Probably impossible in natural circumstances but a solid planet as massive as a star surely is a very monstrous object, maybe the sort of thing a type 2 civilisation would create.
• Souch a massive terestrial sillicate world .. will become a magma ocean for billions of years.
Lots of internal heating on souch a ”Mega Earth”
• You should read about diamond planets then, they initially have mantles of silicon carbide but water from more distant parts of the system would react with this under the conditions of the planets interior to generate a superficial silicate crust and carbon that turns into a diamond mantle. Because it is so rigid you get no plate tectonics and the increasingly dense atmosphere undergoes a Venus effect on steroids heating the surface of the planet to its boiling point and no that last part is not a typo, the greenhouse effect is several thousand kelvin… this also happens independent of the star.
Jansen/55 Cancri e is the closest such planet but they are presumed common in the universe.
• Your entire Mega Earth.. will be one big lava lake for quite a while … huge mass means huge radioactive heating
When it forms a crust it woud be super ultra – fast plate tectonics with microplates everywhere
• Yea Etna is always beautyful
And seems to have basalt thats always much more sticky than Hawaii and Iceland. Its never forming any smooth surfaces… Myself and Jesper been there many times, and you almost never finds any pahoehoe.. and No smooth glassy shiney flows
• Lava there isnt as hot usually, about 50-100 C cooler than Hawaii lava. You do get some fluid lavas though like the 1669 eruption which began with hawaiian-type fountains and lava at nearly 1200 C so very much like plume basalt, smooth fluid pahoehoe rather than the lava in that picture. One of the flows in the 1970s (1979 I think) and also 1981 was also very fluid and fast flowing, advancing at near walking speed in both cases.
I think Etna is probably the origin of the stereotypical volcano, beign that it is mostly basaltic effusive but also an actual mountain not a shield, not to mention its very long history surrounded by the base of our modern civilisation.
• The sillica content for Etna is acually lower than Kilaūea and Bardarbungas ( Etna is 47% )
So Etnas lavas must indeed be quite alot cooler than Iceland.
Cooler lava is more crystaline
• Lava temperature during slow effusive eruptions is about 1080 C, during high fountaining eruptions it is at least 1125 C so similar to Hawaii which is probably why you get massive lava flows during those eruptions that flow several km in a few hours. Eccentric eruptions like 2001 and 1669 are like summit paroxysmal eruptions on the flanks of the volcano so probably erupt at similar high temperature.
• Holuhraun was
1188 C extremely hot and gas rich. But supprisingly crystal rich ( still a very fluid eruption ) me and Jesper will try to visit the lava field in the comming years. The lava lake in Baugur splashed like a washing machine.
• It is actually something I have wondered what the highest possible eruption temperature is in Hawaii or Iceland. I know there is a confirmed value for the overlook lava lake at 1220 C, and one of the fountains in 1959 was nearly 1300 C, and a few east rift eruptions also got to about 1200 C. I dont know if any Icelandic eruption in recorded history has reached or exceeded 1200 C, but Holuhraun was hotter than fissure 8 at the same distance away from the source magma chamber so possibly the main magma chamber of Bardarbunga is hotter than that of Kilauea, it is possible then for hotter eruptions? I suspect that some of the lava in 1783 was over 1200 C, dredged up from the depths.
I think the true liquid point of tholeiitic basalt is at 1200 C, or about that.
• Kilaūea is a very very hot and active system, I doubt Bardarbunga is hotter. But its true that Halema’uma’u magma stoorage acts as a stoorage vat where magma cools and crystalize. It still erupts at over 1200 C.
Kilaūea is generaly way more active than Bardarbunga too.
• Chad yes Holuhraun was a very hot eruption over 1180 C. Im awe struck that it never made any smooth surfaces near the vent channel, but it haves to do with the large content of microlites in that magma. Bardarbunga 2014 was 1185 C and 49% sillica and had a very low viscosity. The gas content was stunning too ”sloshing lava foam” in Baugur.
The hottest holocene erupting magmas in Iceland was 1270 C from kistufell near Bardarbunga. The Iceland Plume head is little over 1500 C. Bardarbunga – Grimsvötn and Askja erupts the warmest lavas in Iceland.
Theistareykjarbunga shield seems also hot, knowing how fine and thin its pahoehoe ropes are
• It looks as though both places are very similar temperature then, maybe Hawaii being slightly hotter but probably within a margin of error. It is something to wonder what such a crazy hot lava flow would actually look like in full eruption, 1959 was inside a pit crater but a similar eruption 1 km south would make a flow. I guess if all that deep magma under Kilauea surfaces we might find out soon enough 🙂
• Would be a big surprise if anything unusual happens on Hawaii soon.. The swarm at Pahala didn´t start when the lava lake of Kilauea drained, this was just the moment where most people started noticing it. Ever since there are doomsday fantasies about this swarm, but actually this is going on for many years already, any theories on it are pure speculation.
I also expect an eruption withing the next 5-8 years, but this will be because of the usual magma supply rate, not because any kind of extra supply. Looking forward to that though, since I wasn´t able to visit the eruption back in the days.
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• It is actually more from the massive increase in the Pahala quakes since about this time last year, which does postdate the 2018 eruption.
24. I am gonna mention it again. Because I find it so interesting, the unrest at chiles-cerro negro encompasses 3 other different volcanoes and they are all undergoing seismic activity and deformation. The most significant part of the activity encompasses 2 different volcanoes! That has to mean something. Stressed faults? Shared magma source? Regional resurgence? The hell if I know!
• I will put it like this. 2 volcanoes that have had no eruptions in hundreds of thousands of years, that have no data or information on their dynamics due to a lack of urgency have are now starting to make noise during another neighboring volcanoes unrest…How is that not interesting?
• It still isnt erupting, nor does it look set to in the near future, we are used to watching basaltic volcanoes which often have major eruptions after less than a meter of pre-eruptive deformation, silicic volcanoes can go far beyond this and only do tiny eruptions or not even erupt at all.
Kilauea inflated by only 30 cm in 3 years to throw a 1.2 km3 lava flood while already erupting somewhere else in the mean time. By contrast Campi Flegri spent half a century rising tens of meters just to erupt a small cinder cone that was only active for a week. There really is quite a discrepency, and the latter also shows how long it can take to even result in anything at all. Many of the volcanoes in the Andes are actually deforming at similar rates to Chiles Cerro Negro, some even more, but there is no expectation for any of them to have major eruptions as most volcanoes there are entirely effusive.
Some part of the disinterest is probably from you making it out to be a conspiracy to hide the data too when there is no such case it is just not in english, it does have to be said.
• First, I never said there was a conspiracy to hide data, I said there is an egregious amount of inconsistency with reporting the data. Look at his report.
Have a look at the SGC’s reports.
Needless to say, that’s a huge difference that can only be explained with human error. Another thing is that this unrest is not static, it keeps changing and fluctuating. This volcano is stressing regional faults so even if it doesn’t erupt It could produce a major tectonic earthquake.A volcano doesn’t have to produce an eruption soon to be interesting,
What do we know about the magma chamber? Nothing.
What do we know about the Intrusion? Nothing.
What do we know about the relationship with the other volcanoes? NOTHING.
That’s the issue, These agencies are not bringing any of this information to the light. It is ridiculous and you can’t say it isn’t. I am not even talking about in the context of a major caldera forming eruption. This volcanoes have erupted explosively in the past producing a VEI 4 eruption. In fact one of the surrounding volcanoes is a caldera for heaven’s sake.
Potrerillos is rising at rate of 3 cm a year, undergoing seismic activity and hasn’t erupted in over 12,000 years. So logically an agency looking at this should realize that this volcano could be active and undergoing resurgence so they should setup instrumentation and get some information on what exactly is going on. How many instruments are at this volcano?
Most of the earthquakes that happen at this volcano don’t even get located! only 10%-25% of them do! I know how much magma is going in Corbetti and I know what is causing seismic activity at Tatun. Do i know everything about these volcanoes? No but I do know that scientists are working to find out more information despite no agencies tracking them. I can’t say the same for this volcano.
The question is why? Why isn’t there more information? You and I can’t say.
It could be a lack of resources, they can’t carry out detailed studies because of a lack of funding and since they can’t assure the safety of scientists traveling from abroad.
It could be incompetence, They are just too stupid or lazy to do anything and were promoted based on B.S
It could be malice, They might now something that we don’t.
The lack of data is ridiculous. for a volcano whose last swarm consisted of 150,000 earthquakes in a year.
The lack of data is ridiculous for a volcano that’s been restless for 7 years.
The lack of data is ridiculous for a volcano that is stressing regional faults and whose activity encompasses 3 other volcanoes.
I have acknowledged that my models and thoughts is the very worst case scenario and have brought up other explanations.
25. Theistareykjarbunga is one of Icelands very largest monogentic shields, its pahoehoe is 61 kilometers long, and 33 kilometers wide! And ( 700 m ) meters thick at the shields higher areras.
The slow eruption must have lasted many many 100 s of years non stop. Like a very much overgrown Kuapainaha. Theistareykjarbunga was a lava tube feed eruption from lava lakes that constantly overflowed. In the shields summit pits the lava lakes was likely active for many 100 of years feeding tubes. The pits on Theistareykjarbunga are very similar to ERZ collapse pits. Chad anyone here is it possible that this eruption lasted for a millennium? knowing the sheer size of the lava fields and the thickness of the pile?
Theistareykjarbunga pahoehoe covers all areras in Northen rift… north of Krafla and around it, east of husavik.
• If a Theistareykjarbunga happens today again… we wont run out of active Iceland lava in our lifetimes!
I want it to pop out in Westman Islands.. That woud bury the entire archipelago under lava!
• I dont know how big in volume the shield is, but if it is 50 km3 that is about 10x bigger than Pu’u O’o, so 300-400 years maybe. As you say though the tubes are quite big so probably the eruption was not nearly so long and a bit more intense, still at least decades and plausibly over 100 years. I dont know much about magma generation rates in this part of Iceland though I doubt something like this is possible now, probably only in the Vatnajokull area is an eruption of this scale possible today.
• Theistareykjarbunga probaly was like Kuapainaha in eruptive style. But on a larger scale. The two main lava lake pits in Theistareykjarbunga are 700 m wide each, loots of lava feeding buried lava tubes.
The shield is very thick, even 100 meter thick layers in collapses in Asbyrgi canyon far away from the summit.
The total thickness is close to 700 m or more close to the shield summit.
For many decades each the lava pours non stop into the Arctic ocean… the lava bences are covered by river sediment now at the coast.
I wants this to happen again in Iceland it woud be what lava tourism needs. Perhaps one below Askja or in Grimsvötns caldera
• I dont know much about Askja but it doesnt look currebtly active, deep recharge but no imminent activity this decade and most eruptions there are fissure eruptions not shields too.
Grimsvotn, as I have probably said at least 10 times now 🙂 is probably the best bet if you want to actually see it yourself. Next eruption will maybe escape the glacier and then with an open subaerial vent it just keeps going with frequent small eruptions after that. We wont know until after it next erupts and whether it keeps going after the initial blast. We might know that answer in a few weeks or in over a year.
It does matter a lot what actually stops the eruption, is it quenching of the vents or lack of pressure. Only the former has a chance of shield building.
• The volume coud be 100 km3
This was a very long lived eruption and perhaps the largest monogenetic shield in Iceland. I wants a new one, it woud be excellent for tourism.
Carl says its magma system may still be alive.. it lasted long and heated up things below
• My most silly dream is a Theistareykjarbunga that pops up in Grimsvötns caldera next year 🙂 omg … it must happen for me to be satisfyed.
Grimsvötn haves the open conduits and magma supply required for that. The So2 emissions from Grimsvötn is massive all the time now.
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The CW
The Flash and Black Lightning team up for Super Tuesdays
Posted at 12:11 PM, Oct 03, 2018
and last updated 2018-10-03 12:11:35-04
At 11, Barry Allen's life changed completely when his mother died in a freak accident and his innocent father was convicted of her murder. Orphaned Barry later becomes Detective Joe West. Now a crime-scene investigator, his dedication to learn the truth about his mother's death drives him to follow up on every new scientific advancement and urban legend. When his latest obsession - a particle accelerator heralded as a world-changing invention - causes an explosion, it creates a freak storm and Barry is struck by lightning. He awakes from a coma nine months later with the power of superspeed. When he learns that others who have gained powers use them for evil, he dedicates himself to protecting the innocent, while still trying to solve the older mystery.
The Flash returns with all new episodes every Tuesday at 8PM on The CW South Florida
CW and Greg Berlanti expand the footprint of their DC Comics universe with this exploration of the intersection between family life and being a superhero. As a younger man, Jefferson Pierce donned the suit of a vigilante and protected the streets of his city, but he believed he'd left those days in the past. He learns that life doesn't always work out as planned when his daughter, Jennifer -- a star student who is determined to achieve justice at any cost -- gets recruited by a street gang. In order to protect his family, Jefferson sees no choice but to once again become Black Lightning.
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AG treatment display panel monitor & panel pc
- Apr 11, 2019-
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Shiatsu for Stress and Anxiety, Exeter, Devon
Stress and anxiety can be debilitating, taking over or limiting daily life. It can be hard to find a solution; counselling, mindfulness, management techniques can work but sometimes a different approach is required.
When we talk about stress or anxiety we say we ‘feel stressed’ or ‘feel anxious.’ The physical body ‘feels’ our emotional and mental tensions, holding it as tension, blocks and weaknesses.
With Shiatsu you can approach stress and anxiety from the body first. How and where is the body holding the stress or anxiety? What Shiatsu touch allows the body to release the holding?
There doesn’t need to be any discussion before or during the treatment, although sometimes this is what the client would like. There’s no brain work, no analytical process. The client simply lies down and enjoys the relaxing treatment.
The physical touch can allow a sense of relief from held emotions and tensions. A chance to reset and feel ready to make positive steps forward.
Shiatsu is also a very safe and supportive form of therapy. In a held space a client can be however they want or need to be. Just feeling like there is a place where there is no need to wear a mask can help. A space where there are no expectations or demands. You don’t even need to be able to say how you feel for a Shiatsu to be a success.
Clients often express a feeling of physical and mental lightness after a Shiatsu treatment. Their worries and physical discomforts feel less.
Shiatsu is suitable for all, and has been shown to support people suffering withstress and anxiety, along with a number of other conditions.
To find out more head to the pages on this site or Facebook page or do contact me at
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Aquarius And Libra Friendship Compatibility: What To Know?
Astrologers usually say that Aquarius and Libra friendship is genuine and endearing.
Is it true that these two zodiac signs get along well with each other and are very good friends in real life?
This is an authentic friendship because both Aquarius and Libra are interested in supporting and encouraging each other’s well-being. Conflicts rarely happen between them as they allow the other to take the lead freely.
While Aquarius is known for having creative ideas and intellectual mind, Libra is unbeatable at organizing things. If being together, Libra is capable of making Aquarius excited because they can turn the latter’s unconventional thoughts in practice.
Discover more about this friendship here!
How Compatible are Aquarius and Libra?
aquarius and libra in a friendship
The companionship of Aquarius and Libra is all about the energy and intelligence. They admire beauty and enjoy finer things in life; however, these two will give you a frown if being criticized or restricted.
They can’t help themselves widening and attaining knowledge – Libra has a huge interest in observing and analyzing everything around them, whereas Aquarius is fascinated with new things and experience.
One thing for certain, they can learn a lot from each other when hanging out together.
Besides, these two are on the same level of enthusiasm and spirit. As expected, both come up with plenty of common goals due to the fact they spend most of the time with the other. Since Libra’s ideal in life is the freedom of thought, they can totally understand an Aquarius’s reason for their decision. Meanwhile, Aquarius also craves for freedom of invention and experimentation.
With the tendency of considering all facets of a circumstance, Libra enables to calm and give more precise advice to the frustrated Aquarius. On the other hand, Aquarius ensures to make their friend more firm and determined.
The truth of dating an Aquarius here!
Is There any Argument Between Aquarius and Libra?
Libra’s ruling planet is Venus.
Aquarius’s ruling planets are Saturn and Uranus.
According to astrology experts, the planetary combination of these two zodiac signs makes them well-matched buddies for each other, and this friendship has the potential to last for a long term. They could disagree or fight at certain times yet settle for the argument shortly after that.
Even from the first meetings, they have a great interaction and good conversations – it seems like there’s no reason for both to argue. Based on their characteristics and personality traits, they can compliment and make each other feel better during hardships.
Sharing the same intellectual level, they have no problem in communicating and understanding the other; most significantly, this partnership is built on the foundation of mutual trust.
They are fine as friends, not lovers.
Learn about how to spot an Aquarius in love with a click!
Both of Aquarius and Libra have great energy, so their teamwork is excellent and they can achieve the same things easily when working together. They always have awesome ideas to help each other stay focused.
The friendship between Aquarius and Libra is the best example of a good relationship involved two individuals of the opposite sex.
Why Aquarius and Libra are Good Friends?
Though they are good friends, it’s not that they have nothing to complain about their company. Libra gets frustrated with Aquarius’s stubbornness, while Aquarius will be annoyed when Libra acts needy.
Fortunately, the connection string of both zodiac signs is strong so they’re still find pleasure with this friendship. For example, one is a considerate listener (Aquarius) and one is an attractive talker (Libra).
No one is happier than Aquarius when Libra holds a party or event.
If one of them has questions, the other can simply answer all at ease because their understanding for each other is beyond the normal stage. No matter how stubborn an Aquarius is and the fact they never want to make changes, Libra chooses to accept their true self rather than leave them behind.
On the other side, Libra often brings their bossy attitude on the table, and this is what irritates the free-spirited Aquarius the most. These two can be best friends for a lifetime if they don’t take one another’s shortcomings too seriously. Harmoniously, they’re gifted with the capacity of giving strength to each other.
If they spend time together, they can help each other explore more talents hidden inside. When Libra makes lightheaded decisions, Aquarius will step in and take on all the matters for the better. The latter will willingly help the other to chase and fulfill their life goals.
The friendship bond of these two will never be broken as long as their trust for each other is strong enough.
Also have a glance at the relationship of Scorpio and Aquarius here!
In-depth Look at Aquarius and Libra
Both Aquarius and Libra are air signs.
They are intelligent and emotional individuals that love to hang out with new people and get involved in adventures as well as other exciting things. Well, it doesn’t mean their hobbies and interests are exactly the same.
Learn more about each of them in the following:
1. Aquarius friend
Aquarius is the sign of friendship which means people of this zodiac sign make a great companion and have a fun time befriending with anyone around them. With a big heart, they hate seeing injustice and can’t sit still seeing someone receiving unfair treatments.
People know about Aquarius because of their outside-the-box thinking nature; however, the truth is that they’re even unable to understand their whole creative ideas. They are indeed the humanitarian of the zodiac.
Of all signs, Aquarius is the best friend that will go through thick and thin.
Whatever happens to you, they will be the first one standing next to you and protective of you at all cost. You may think of them as a distant and emotion-detached individual in the first meeting; nonetheless, be closer to them and you’ll find Aquarius social, easygoing, and supportive buddy.
Don’t expect an Aquarius to follow the crowd!
They think fast but also forget things fast; moreover, they are overly confident and don’t seem to learn from their previous faults. Therefore, it’s possible for Aquarius to repeat the same mistake twice without realizing it.
In general, they are a very supportive friend that will always have their friends’ back even if their dreams may be hard to reach. Let me remind you that these natives are the most unconventional, so there’s no way that they refusing innovative ideas.
Let’s find out if you’re a good match with Aquarius natives!
2. Libra friend
How about Libra as a friend?
This zodiac sign indicates justice and equality. Those born under Libra sign can see both sides of a story. Everybody makes mistakes, but they won’t blame for their friend’s deceitfulness; instead, a Libra will put themselves into the friend’s shoes and figure out thoroughly which caused changes in their strange behavior.
If you’re close enough to a Libra, you can tell that they are attentive, supportive and generous.
They love hanging out with friends and always plan for some fun times. Keep in mind to be punctual when you have any appointment with this person – Libra really hates people who come late or don’t even show up.
What I love most about Libra as a friend is that they put your need on top of the list when you two are together. They want to make the other happy as well as avoid any kind of conflict. However, because of their urge to make people around them happy and comfortable, it’s sometimes difficult for this person to express their emotional needs.
Don’t expect a Libran to have a deep connection with you as they hate the feeling of being tied down.
No matter how tough their life is, Libra natives always have room for a friend. They’re never the judgmental or critical type of friend. If you haven’t had a Libra buddy in your circle, look for one as they can be your best friend for a lifetime.
Generally speaking, if the Aquarius and Libra friendship can remain strong and sincere for a long time, it’s all thanks to their intelligent and harmonious nature. Both can learn a lot from one another and also complement each other well.
No zodiac pairing has the teamwork as incredible as these two signs.
Aquarius and Libra are absolutely compatible as friends and make exceptional friends in life.
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The Rambling Writer Explores More Greek Islands, Part 26: Naxos Museum
Join Thor and me as we tour the ancient treasures on display in the Archaeological Museum of Naxos.
Fertile Naxos in the Cyclades Islands has been continuously occupied since at least 4000 B.C., and the Naxos Town (also called Hora or Chora) museum offers a lovely selection of artifacts from the Neolithic period through Roman occupation. It’s housed in a Venetian building grafted onto earlier Frankish fortifications, including two stone towers. Built around 1700 A.D. for a Jesuit School, it claims Greek novelist Nikos Kazantzakis (author of the wonderful novel Zorba the Greek) as a student. Apparently he was rather rebellious against the rules….
The Rambling Writer Explores More Greek Islands, Part 26: Naxos Museum — 4 Comments
1. I have a dream of a Monty Python skit where a bunch of hopped-up warriors are running into one of those labyrinthine towns (which always have a bunch of shops lining the streets) and start wandering around lost until they drop their weapons and start buying gyros and cheap watches.
2. The museum is fascinating, but what really grabs me is that six thousand years of continuous occupation. How I’d love to see those winding paths and evidence of that age! | <urn:uuid:62feb0ad-1b68-48f7-ac99-d306a406df32> | https://bookviewcafe.com/blog/2019/06/15/the-rambling-writer-explores-more-greek-islands-part-26-naxos-museum/ | en | 0.915712 | 0.057067 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Category: Politics
The Violent Left. Marquise Damarius Asomani Arrested For Shooting At Trump Supporters. National Media Silent
Well, by now everyone has heard about the shooting in Kenosha, Wisconsin. That story involves 17 year old Kyle Rittenhouse who was helping guard a local business from looters and later wound up having to use deadly force to defend his life after being violently attacked by armed Biden voters. That video here.
On the other hand, I’m sure you haven’t heard about the arrest of Marquise Damarius Asomani. Marquise (who is black) was arrested after allegedly firing shots at a pro Trump flash mob who were waving American flags and holding Trump signs on the side of the road in South Carolina. Witnesses say that the car Marquise was in drove past them several times yelling derogatory and racist comments before ultimately firing several shots on the final drive by. He was later arrested and hit with multiple charges including six counts of assault and battery of a high and aggravated nature. A bond was set at $75,000.
What’s curious is that like these stories mass media has completely ignored this attack while reporting non stop on the arrest of Kyle Rittenhouse despite the stark difference between the two. That difference is that in Kyle’s case he only fired in defense of his life. In the Marquise case his life was not in danger, so you can only assume that he fired his gun based on a political hatred. So why is the media so obsessed with one over the other? Because as I said in a previous podcast, the left never disavows their own. If they decide you are guilty of whatever social justice offence they make up, that like the McCloskeys, you are not only not allowed to defend yourself, but you are to lay down and be killed. This will be your future in Biden’s radical left America.
Interracial Attack In Philadelphia Church. National Media Silent
Another day another interracial attack gets ignored by the talking heads in mass media. Not that every time an assault happens it needs to be national news, but when that standard is set when the roles are reversed then they need to be held to those standards. On top of that, this standard should hold true especially when the attack is in a Church.
This disturbing interracial attack occurred at the Cathedral Basilica of Saints Peter & Paul during the 11 a.m. mass. As a woman was leaving the altar after giving a reading she was violently attacked by another woman. The entire incident was caught on film as the service was being streamed on Facebook live. Fortunately the woman who was attacked in this unprovoked interracial assault was not injured, but the attacker did get away. Anyone who knows her identity is asked to contact the Philadelphia police.
Again, like these stories, this interracial attack has been ignored by the talking heads in mass media. Why? By ignoring these stories and ignoring facts all the while exploiting stories about a smirking kid in a MAGA hat or numerous other fake hate crimes, mass media is setting a distorted and dishonest representation of what America is. In reality, by purposely distorting the stats of hate crimes, they are doing more to fuel division and racism then they are trying to end it. It is deception and purposeful divisiveness, and it is malicious. This agenda needs to be challenged.
Culture Shift Indie Media Morning News Brief / Podcast 8/11/20
Today’s podcast has to do with the “hate crime attack” on Vauhxx Booker
Listen Here
Related Links
Vauhxx Booker’s Story Of His “Attempted Lynching”
Sean Purdy’s Attorney Lays Out The Details Of The “Attempted Lynching” Of Vauhxx Booker
An Account Of Fake Hate Crimes
Culture Shift Indie Media Morning News Brief / Podcast 8/7/20
Morning news podcast and follows up on Tuesday’s podcast. This one gets into the totalitarian left’s monopoly in society, how it’s used to promote an anti-American agenda, and how they hold on to that monopoly by cutting off those who fight against them in this culture war. In short, we need our own networks to counter them
Listen Here
Related Links
Previous Podcast
The Violent Left
Censorship & Financial Terrorism
NY AG Files Lawsuit To Dissolve The NRA
Chik-fil-A, The SPLC & The Salvation Army
Chik-fil-A CEO Shines Rappers Shoes To Repent For Racism
Judge Gives Win To True The Vote In IRS Scandal
Culture Shift Indie Media Morning News Brief / Podcast 8/4/2020
Culture-Shift Indie Media Morning News Brief 8/4/2020
Short morning news brief discussing a society of mob rule vs. Constitutional rule. Topics include the death of Jessica Whitaker as well as the violent mob who threatened the McCloskeys and the radical left’s outrage over them defending themselves.
Listen Here
Related Links
GoFundMe for Jessica’s son
Missouri Attorney General Defends The McCloskeys
Biden’s “We Need To Believe Truth Over Facts” Explained
Joe Biden: “We need to believe truth over facts.” While it might have been just another of his gaffe’s, there is actually a lot of meaning behind it.
1. This makes sense when you realize that their truth is their narrative. It’s not a truth based on facts.
2. Always question the narrative because there is always an agenda behind it.
3. Mass media will run a narrative (their truth, otherwise known as a psyop) and set the narrative. This is a constantly running theme in the Mockingbird Media. They jump on a story before facts are set in stone and push a narrative into the head of the public. They`ll use it to force corporations, politicians or whoever to do their bidding and push their agenda through before the dust even settles. It is the use of emotion over reality in issues which in most cases the narrative isn`t even legit. You can search our site using “national media silent“, “local media” and “fake hate crime” for some examples.
4. Once you realize this and don’t let yourself become emotionally manipulated you’ll recognize it every time it plays out. That is how you knock down their house of cards. An old podcast with some examples can be listened to here
Another Death In Jenny Durkan’s Lawless Seattle
As you know, the city of Seattle has been a hot spot for the radical left’s Marxist revolution occurring nationwide. As with all radical left revolutions, they do not come without death. The former country of CHAZ / CHOP which was established after police were told to stand down and rioters were allowed to take over a 6 block radius of Durkan’s city had several murders take place in it’s short lived history. Ironically, those that were killed in the BLM sanctuary country were black. The investigation still surrounds the last case where a 14 year old and a 16 year old were shot in their vehicle execution style by CHOP’s own revolutionary guard. Instead of protests taking place in CHOP denouncing the shooting of two black teens by the police, they were calling it a victory against fascism. These murders as well as numerous stories of rapes, assaults, thefts and more was described by Mayor Durkan as a “Summer Of Love”.
The latest death that has occurred in her city of lawlessness is that of a 24 year old non binary named Summer Taylor. Taylor was walking on the highway blocking traffic at 1:40 in the morning with a bigger group of people when a car sped by them hitting Taylor and another victim. Taylor succumbed to her injuries while the second victim remains in critical condition. This was immediately being called a racist attack modeled after Charlottesville, but as it turned out the driver was a black man and the investigation is ongoing. I’m curious as to how they are going to frame two white women being hit by a black man to fit their narrative about white racism.
Mayor Durkan as well as the state governor were repeatedly offered federal assistance by President Trump to help bring back law and order but both told him to mind his own business. Now, just like every other democrat run city where the revolution is taking place, the blood is on their hands. What’s even funnier is that Mayor Durkan is now in a political battle with the same radical left she is protecting.
Officer Karen & Mass Media’s Double Standards
To start with, yes I know mass media exposes their double standards daily, but that just makes for easy content for us, and as you know we love to point those double standards out.
This post is in relation to the story about the Georgia police woman who claimed that a McDonald’s employee withheld her order. The officer, obviously upset with the anti police harassment and attacks across the country recorded a tearful video after not only being made to wait for over 10 minutes for her breakfast meal but then being delivered only a coffee when it finally came.
The reactions to a woman visibly upset and crying over perceived harassment and discrimination were not what you’d expect however from the “party of women”. In fact the video was met with laughter with many making fun of her, calling her Officer Karen etc. When it came to mass media, a lot of outlets actually rejected her story and this is where the double standard comes in. Had this been a woman of color who made this video claiming she was discriminated against because she was black it wouldn’t even be questioned by mass media. They would be up in arms demanding people be fired and it would be the racism story of the day on every channel. As always their agenda is exposed. | <urn:uuid:cdeb09c3-2a67-4052-b90b-bd259d4d7271> | https://culture-shift.org/category/politics-blog/page/2/ | en | 0.966083 | 0.049146 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Merope’s House at the Lake
A Home for Eco Nomands, Rainbow Family, Post-modern Hippies, Artistic Explorers and other Free Spirits.
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House at the Lake is a Dynamic Community home for travellers and wanderers.We provide all the space for inwards exploration and creative expression, close to nature. In this co-creative safe place, human contact (with the self and others) can become again what it is supposed to be: a real human connection guided by the heart, instead of only communication guided by the head. | <urn:uuid:f46c9802-fc27-44c7-923c-67a7c4d21dda> | https://merope-ngo.org/meropes-house-at-the-lake/ | en | 0.907642 | 0.158786 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
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The subject matter or thesis sentence is the ending point. As soon as the beginning place and ending point are decided, it will be much simpler to connect these points with the narrative of the opening paragraph. A very good thesis assertion, for example, if you are crafting about puppies getting pretty fantastic buddies, you could put:A pet is an example of a pretty superior pal for the reason that of X, Y, and Z. Here, X, Y, and Z would be the subject areas described in your human body paragraphs.
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In the format of just one these kinds of instance, X would be the subject matter of the next paragraph, Y would be the subject of the 3rd paragraph, and Z would be the subject matter of the fourth paragraph, followed by a conclusion, in which you would summarize the thesis statement. Example Edit. Identifying a context can support form the topic or thesis. Here, the author decided to compose about dogs.
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Then, the writer selected pals as the context, puppies remaining good examples of pals. This shaped the topic and narrowed the focus to puppies as good friends .
The way it operates
This would make producing the remainder of the essay a great deal less difficult because it will allow the writer to focus on elements of pet dogs that make them good close friends. Each overall body paragraph commences with a subject matter sentence.
If the thesis includes many details or assertions, every single overall body paragraph need to assistance or justify them, resumecoach traditional creative resume ideally in the get the assertions originally stated in the thesis. Therefore, the subject matter sentence for the 1st system paragraph will refer to the first position in the thesis sentence and the subject matter sentence for the next entire body paragraph will refer to the second position in the thesis sentence. Frequently, if the thesis sentence contains a few related points, there should really be 3 physique paragraphs, nevertheless you need to foundation the quantity of paragraphs on the variety of supporting factors wanted. If the main subject of the essay is the format of university essays, the thesis sentence may browse:A college essay has an introductory paragraph, quite a few human body paragraphs, and a concluding paragraph. The subject sentence for the 1st entire body paragraph could go through:The 1st paragraph of an essay is the introductory paragraph. Sequentially, the subject matter sentence for the 2nd system paragraph could possibly browse:The introductory paragraph is adopted by various overall body paragraphs.
And the topic sentence for the third system paragraph could study:The university essay’s last paragraph is its concluding paragraph. Every human body paragraph takes advantage of particular particulars, such as anecdotes, comparisons and contrasts, definitions, illustrations, qualified opinions, explanations, info, and data to guidance and develop the claim that its subject matter sentence would make. Tips Edit. When composing an essay for a course assignment, make absolutely sure to stick to your trainer or professor’s recommendations. Most teachers will reward creative imagination and considerate organization around dogmatic adherence to a approved composition.
Many will not. If you are not certain how your teacher will answer to a certain construction, question. Organizing your essay all around the thesis sentence should get started with arranging the supporting factors to justify the assertion set forth in the thesis sentence. Not all thesis sentences will, or should, lay out each and every of the points you will include in your essay.
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Established with the goal of providing a reliable and efficient sales, marketing and distribution channel for software publishers, computer accessories and developers to the New Zealand market, Total Interactive has cultivated strong relationships with the New Zealand retailers, and as a result it has gained an excellent industry reputation. Total Interactive has committed itself to the highest level of customer service and brand growth in the market place. Total Interactive’s head office is in Auckland and includes a warehousing and distribution facility. | <urn:uuid:f7e98713-4d45-4cab-aeb4-d7cfea90b5cd> | https://totalinteractive.co.nz/ | en | 0.955892 | 0.03107 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
A Mind is a Terrible Thing to Waste
For the last few months, I've been pushing myself to be more active. Since moving last Fall, it's been harder to get out and do the fun activities I love because trails aren't as close and riding along the valley canals is boring. I've had different people try to push me to try different things, like CrossFit (or some kind of functional mobility exercise), but it wasn't the same to me. I love to engage my mind in everything and if the activity isn't stimulating for whatever reason, the motivation to keep doing it doesn't follow. How did I get around this?
I started going to the rock climbing gym. When I first moved to Arizona, I was active every day and was at the rock gym (Climbmax is my personal favorite in the East Valley) twice a week. I missed being active and I didn't realize how much better it really made me feel.
For those you that have never done it, rock climbing is both a physical and mental exercise. I enjoyed spending my time doing it, not because it was exercise and I'm a gym rat, but because it doesn't feel like exercise - I'm just having fun. It just so happens that I'm also getting some much needed exercise in while I'm at it. It's a mental exercise because the routes are pre-planned and the goal is to learn techniques that allow you to follow the route. Outside climbing is supposed to be easier because you just use whatever holds are available, but the rock gym lets me work on the skills and mentally think through how to accomplish something.
That mental exercise is something we go through every day we begin planning projects and thinking about all the tasks that need to happen in order to see it through to completion. I don't look at a rock wall and think about it like a development project, but the exercise certainly helps my brain make those connections.
What do you do to keep your mind sharp and stay productive? | <urn:uuid:41e60d20-0a10-45ae-b3f1-0508c5b4354a> | https://www.solminion.com/blog/a-mind-is-a-terrible-thing-to-waste | en | 0.981846 | 0.408239 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Recipe: Yummy Moujadara - brown lentils and rice with fried onions
Delicious, fresh and tasty.
Moujadara - brown lentils and rice with fried onions. We would like to show you a description here but the site won't allow us. Continue cooking the rest of the onions until dark brown and black in places. Here is the step by step for Mujadara: Lentils and Rice with Crispy Onions.
Moujadara - brown lentils and rice with fried onions Mujadara is a classic Arabic recipe featuring cooked lentils and rice, caramelized onions, herbs and yogurt. It's a delicious vegetarian main dish! This version calls for brown rice instead of white (if you want to use white, see recipe notes). You cook browning heat Moujadara - brown lentils and rice with fried onions employing 13 modus operandi so 7 moreover. Here is how you take care of.
receipt of Moujadara - brown lentils and rice with fried onions
1. Prepare of With the same glass.
2. Prepare 1 glass of brown lentils.
3. Prepare 1 glass of basmati rice.
4. It's 2 of small onions finely chopped.
5. It's 1 teaspoon of cumin.
6. You need of Olive oil.
7. Prepare of Salt.
8. It's of Water.
9. It's of For the topping.
10. You need 2 of large sliced onions.
11. Prepare of Flour.
12. Prepare of Salt.
13. You need Pinch of cumin.
Add the rice and cook, stirring often (but gently so you don't break the rice!) until some rice grains start to brown. Add the water, green lentils, and salt to the large pot. Mujaddara, the rice and beans of the Middle East, is a hearty one-dish vegetarian rice and lentil pilaf containing large brown or green lentils and crispy fried onion strings. Melt the butter with the oil in a medium skillet over medium heat.
Moujadara - brown lentils and rice with fried onions receipt
1. After washing the lentils very well, put them in a pot, cover with water and boil them for 15 minutes..
2. While cooking the lentils, start frying the finely chopped onion in olive oil.
3. After 15 minutes when the lentils are 80% cooked strain them then put them in the pot again, the rice, the salt, the cumin, and the fried onions. Mix once or twice to combine all the ingredients then cover with water, put the lid on and cook on a low to medium heat for around 15 minutes (until the water evaporates).
4. In the meantime, put olive oil in a frying pan with the onion slices and sprinkle some flour mixed with cumin and a bit of salt and fry until golden brown. Then put the onions on a plate and use some kitchen roll to soak up the oil and make the onions crispy.
5. Check the rice and lentils, if they’ve absorbed all the water it means they’re cooked (make sure you don’t burn them though). Remove the lid and leave for 5 minutes before serving.
6. Serve with crispy onions on top and enjoy your meal ❤️.
7. Could be served with yogurt on the side..
Add the onions, sugar, and some salt and pepper. Stir rice and enough water to cover into the saucepan with the lentils. Mix half the onions into the lentil mixture. Par-cook the lentils: Cover the lentils in a couple inches of water in a stock. Serve lentils with onions on top. | <urn:uuid:b5972456-b8d8-470f-9c7f-4299137235bf> | https://xnxx58.info/1580-recipe-yummy-moujadara-brown-lentils-and-rice-with-fried-onions.html | en | 0.890469 | 0.234392 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Home · Foundations of Periodontics · Periodontitis as a Risk Factor for Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes · Sleep-Disordered breathing a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes - How disturbed sleep May be a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes a hypothesis?
Periodontitis as a Risk Factor for Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes
A. introduction periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes
1. Adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with periodontal disease include miscarriage, premature birth, low birth weight, pre-eclampsia.
a. Premature births with low birth weight at birth babies is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and long-term development of the nervous system disorders and health problems in children.
B. Pre-eclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy characterized by a sharp increase in blood pressure, large amounts of the protein albumin in the urine and swelling of the arms, legs and face. Preeclampsia occurs in the third trimester (last trimester) of pregnancy.
2. Adverse outcomes of pregnancy were associated with risk factors such as Smoking, alcohol consumption, poor diet, urogenital infections, and stress. Prematurity, low birth weight deliveries represent about 10% of annual births in industrialized countries. Of these genera, 25% to happen without known risk factors.
Recent studies have shown that periodontal disease may be a risk factor during pregnancy.
3. The American Academy of Periodontology issued a statement, in 2004, recommending that "women who are pregnant or planning a pregnancy to pass periodontal examinations. Appropriate preventive or curative services, if specified, must be provided. Preventive care of oral cavity services should be provided as early in pregnancy as possible. However, women should be encouraged to achieve a high level of oral hygiene before conception and throughout pregnancy" [42].
4. The other group, which approved the content of the American Academy of Periodontology statement regarding periodontal management of the pregnant patient, the American College of obstetricians and gynecologists, USA March of dimes, and the American National nurses Association [42].
B. summary of research
1. The results of several studies suggest an Association between periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes (box 18-3).
a. Offenbacher et al. [43] found that women with low body weight at birth were more clinical attachment loss than women with normal body weight at birth of children.
B. Offenbacher et al. [43] found that periodontits contributed more preterm low birthweight cases than Smoking or alcohol use during pregnancy.
2. Further research is needed to establish the pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of active periodontal disease and subgingival periodontal pathogens associated with gestosis development.
3. Additional research is needed to assess the efficiency and profitability of different types of periodontal intervention on adverse pregnancy outcomes. Three studies with early intervention provide evidence that the periodontal treatment can reduce the likelihood of premature low body weight at birth babies [44-46]. One study has shown that periodontal treatment did not significantly alter the rates of premature birth or birth of a baby with low birth weight [47].
4. Currently, the U.S. National Institute of dental and craniofacial research (NIDCR) has made significant investments in research on this topic with $20 million research project, which includes two independent international multi-center clinical trials involving approximately 2600 pregnant women.
C. Possible Biological Explanation. As Periodontits associated with adverse pregnancy Outcomes? Animal studies suggest that reservoir gram-negative organisms, such as those contained in periodontitis may have a negative impact on pregnancy outcome (Fig. Sheet 18-5). D. implications for dental hygiene. Of dental hygienists should inform patients about the Association between adverse pregnancy outcomes and periodontal infection and the start of the service, for oral hygiene for pregnant women and those who are considering pregnancy. Understanding the mechanism of periodontal associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes can lead to interventions aimed at improving growth of the fetus.
Bacteriuria with Group-B streptococcus is it a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes ..
Thanks ->
Aggressive periodontitis prevalence Antibiotics treat pericoronitis Atrophic glossitis symptoms Comprehensive periodontal assessment Herpetic gingivostomatitis acyclovir Leukocyte migration
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Wednesday, February 06, 2008
Ebay Listings!
Here is a link for one of my listings. You can view the others from that one.
This is the item name if that doesn't work:
Handmade Flannel Rag Baby Quilt, Pink & Purple, Soft
Anonymous said...
I've toyed with the idea of starting an E-Bay business, but I don't think I can devote the time to it I'd need to. I'm also not sure if I'd make enough to justify the time with what I planned to do.
Best of luck with your auctions!
Coach Dueck said...
So what would you want to sell? I have also been thinking of selling dog clothes and toys, cause those would sell good. But I don't have the time or money to invest in it right now to make it worthwhile! Maybe one day!
Anonymous said...
I was thinking of buying and selling comic books. If you buy a random assortment of books (a lot), they go fairly cheap. If you buy a consecutive run (eg. #1-25) it's worth a lot more because the buyer is getting the entire story in one shot. I was going to buy lots to assemble runs (topping up from comic shops or my own collection if necessary).
Maybe someday. I don't know if it'd be worth it (in the time vs profit sense)
Stacey said...
Nice quilts Lindsey! I would love to get a sewing machine. I have so many projects I would like to finish!
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Institute 1-4 Glenavon
Danske Bank Premiership
The Ryan McBride Brandywell Stadium, Saturday 14th December 2019
Match Report by Calum Jones
Glenavon secured back-to-back Danske Bank Premiership wins for only the second time this season with a convincing 4-1 victory away to Institute on Saturday.
Andy Hall opened the scoring in the second minute of the match when he bundled the ball over the line.
Institute’s Jack Bradley turned the ball into his own net before Andrew Doyle scored a header late in the half to give Glenavon a commanding three-goal advantage at the break.
Josh Daniels scored a superb fourth for the Lurgan Blues on 87 minutes, while Jamie Dunne grabbed a consolation for Institute in stoppage time when he converted from a rebound after fellow substitute Cormac Burke’s shot had struck the crossbar.
Glenavon made a dream start at the Brandywell by taking the lead in the second minute. Conor McCloskey clipped a ball down the left touchline for Daniels and he squared it towards Hall. It appeared as though Stute defender Colm McLaughlin was going to clear, but he failed to do so and Hall bundled the ball over the line to open the scoring.
McCloskey was involved again 10 minutes later when he cut in from the left and drilled a low shot on target, but Stute keeper Rory Browne was equal to the effort, keeping it out with his right leg.
Hall had an opportunity to grab his and Glenavon’s second when good build-up play led to Marshall teeing up the winger, but he couldn’t keep his half-volley down.
The visitors’ second goal eventually arrived in the 35th minute. Hall whipped a free-kick in from the right and Singleton rose to challenge for the ball, but it was Stute player Bradley who got the final touch, diverting past his own goalkeeper to double Glenavon’s advantage.
Five minutes later, Singleton curled a corner in from the right and Doyle got the better of Graham Crown to get his head to the ball and nod it into the net via the inside of the post to make it 3-0.
Institute made a much better start to the second half and they very nearly pulled a goal back through Gareth Brown. Burke played a ball into the Glenavon penalty area and Dunne produced an excellent piece of skill to lay the ball off for Brown first time. Brown did well to round Jonny Tuffey, but Daniel Larmour was alert to get across and block the goal-bound shot, preserving Glenavon’s 3-0 advantage.
At the other end, Glenavon twice came close to putting the game to bed. First Caolan Marron dribbled into the penalty area from the right wing and hit a well-struck shot towards the near post which forced Browne into a smart save. Then Singleton played a one-two with McCloskey before hitting a rasping shot with his left foot which struck the crossbar and went over.
Glenavon’s fourth goal would eventually come courtesy of Daniels and it was easily the pick of the bunch. Substitute Jordan Jenkins fed the ball into the feet of Daniels and the winger cut inside before curling a superb shot beyond the dive of Browne and into the top corner with his right foot from just outside the ‘D’.
Institute grabbed a consolation in injury time. Burke’s thunderous left-foot shot beat Tuffey and cannoned off the crossbar. Dunne was on hand to pick up the rebound and he had the simple task of tapping in, making the final score Institute 1-4 Glenavon.
The Lurgan Blues are on the road again next weekend as they travel to Warden Street to take on Ballymena United on Friday night (20th December). Kick-off is at 7.45pm. Gary Hamilton’s side go into that game in eighth place in the league table, level on points with seventh-placed Ballymena but with a game in hand over David Jeffrey’s men, so it is a fixture that is hugely important for both teams.
Institute: 31. Rory Browne (GK), 2. Ryan Morrow, 3. Colm McLaughlin, 16. Gareth Brown, 24. Aidan McCauley (C), 27. Evan Tweed, 28. Shaun Leppard, 29. Graham Crown, 30. Shane McNamee, 33. Aaron McGurk, 34. Jack Bradley
Subs: 7. Jamie Dunne (for 34. Jack Bradley, 46’), 32. Cormac Burke (for 33. Aaron McGurk, 46’), 14. Jake Morrow (for 30. Shane McNamee, 58’); not used: 9. Stephen Curry, 12. Mark Scoltock, 17. Jamie McIntyre, 21. Paul Wells (GK)
Goals: 7. Jamie Dunne (90+2’)
Yellow Cards: 32. Cormac Burke (55’), 2. Ryan Morrow (76’)
Glenavon: 1. Jonny Tuffey (GK) (C), 2. Daniel Larmour, 4. Caolan Marron, 6. Andrew Doyle, 7. Josh Daniels, 8. Rhys Marshall, 11. Andy Hall, 20. Conor McCloskey, 24. Stephen Murray, 27. James Singleton, 28. Robert Garrett
Subs: 30. Jordan Jenkins (for 24. Stephen Murray, 60’), 23. Kyle Beggs (for 6. Andrew Doyle, 75’), 13. Oisin Barr (for 8. Rhys Marshall, 81’); not used: 3. Paddy Burns, 25. Ross Hunter, 45. Eoin Wearen, 80. Gary Hamilton
Goals: 11. Andy Hall (2’), 34. Jack Bradley (35’, OG), 6. Andrew Doyle (40’), 7. Josh Daniels (87’)
Yellow Cards: None
Referee: Jamie Robinson | <urn:uuid:a98a875e-d21c-4923-b6ba-5ed5d3301728> | http://www.glenavonfc.com/2019/12/15/convincing-win-for-glenavon-at-the-brandywell/ | en | 0.922089 | 0.037928 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Why Are Bugs Attracted to Light at Night?
By Andrea Boldt
David De Lossy/Photodisc/Getty Images
Phototaxis may sound like a disease, but it is a very natural instinct in many types of bugs and insects. You experience its effects when you turn on your front porch light, only to be inundated with a swarm of moths. These moths and other bugs aren't out to get you, they are naturally attracted to light because it mimics daylight, helps them with navigation and alerts them to the presence of food.
Many bugs, particularly moths, are nocturnal. Before artificial lights, these bugs evolved to use the stars and moon for navigation in the dark. The light of the moon helps the bugs navigate and fly straight. Artificial lights appear brighter and essentially confuse bugs' navigation systems—driving them straight into the light. Moths, for example, perceive light more brightly in one eye than the other, causing one wing to beat faster—resulting in a confused, circular flight pattern.
Additional Theories
Bugs that are not nocturnal may be attracted to light because it confuses their natural tendency to go dormant in the nighttime. The presence of artificial light fools them into thinking it's still daytime. Light can also fool bugs' procreation instincts. "Penn State News" points out a theory that candle flames mimic the wavelengths of female moth pheromones, drawing in male moths who are looking for love.
Light Colors
Bugs are not automatically attracted to all forms of light. The National Library of Singapore points out that light made up of short wavelengths—particularly blue and violet—is most attractive to insects. Yellow and red lights, however, are less likely to attract bugs. One explanation for this is that flowers naturally reflect ultraviolet light, which makes the blue and violet lights more attractive to bugs who feast on blooms.
Not Universal
Not all bugs and insects are attracted to light at night. Certain types are negatively phototactic and scurry away in the light. Think of how cockroaches flee when you turn on the overhead light. Butterflies are another type of insect that is repelled by artificial light, but has a keen attraction to sunlight.
Photo Credits
• David De Lossy/Photodisc/Getty Images
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Why I cannot see any values for a control element to set for e.g. a “switch” in my visualisation?
Ilija Zivadinovic
24.08.2016 13:18
a) Check if you have added the missing group address to your “visualisation structure”
b) Check if the group address has the right data type
c) Check if the project itself is selected for the ControlTouch (ControlTouch configuration page -> “Devices” -> Drop-down box “Project in device”)
Tags: IP, KNX, TP, Visualization
Average rating: 0 (0 Votes)
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5 Things That Wreck a Resume
Your Resume Doesn’t Show Your True Skills and Qualifications…
…But Don’t Overstuff It
Some tech pros sit down to write a resume and jam everything possible into it, including their knowledge of programming languages nobody cares about and platforms nobody uses anymore. While detail is good, it helps to concentrate on those things relevant to the prospective job.
It Doesn’t Demonstrate What You Can Offer
Any HR staffer or recruiter reading your resume is thinking one thing: What can this person do for the company? In order to answer that question, your resume should delineate your impact in your previous roles. How did your actions affect the success of your various projects, or even your previous employers’ bottom lines?
It Lacks a Compelling Cover Letter
Many candidates will spend hours and hours refining their resume, but comparatively little time on the accompanying cover letter. This is a mistake: Your focus should be on both your resume and cover letter, if only because the latter offers an opportunity to explore key elements of your experience and qualifications in greater depth. A recruiter or HR staffer can sniff out instantly if the cover letter is boilerplate; make sure to tailor it to the position for which you’re applying.
It Features Too Many Gaps
People tend to notice huge gaps in your work and education experience; be prepared to explain them (if you reach the interview stage).
Even if you’ve managed to dodge all of the above, there’s still the possibility that something’s lurking in your text that could weaken your chances of landing that job interview. For best results, always have someone read over your resume before you submit it to an employer.
Image: Carlos Caetano/Shutterstock.com
One Response to “5 Things That Wreck a Resume”
1. Really? This is the best you could do? Total garbage. I hope your resume doesn’t read like this article: Full of common sense information and poor punctuation with no value to the reader.
Is your resume one sentence? “I wrote words and punctuation with a keyboard and clicked send 6 times a day…”
What companies did you interview for your article source? Are you going off of any data here or are you just spewing garbage while sitting at Starbucks? (add unnecesary ellipses here) | <urn:uuid:35b8370f-a934-426c-aaae-5b27ad670b19> | https://insights.dice.com/2015/03/26/5-things-that-wreck-a-resume/ | en | 0.923995 | 0.179231 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
The Happiness Radar… Reprogram Your Life Through Better Questions
The Happiness Radar
(This article is taken from chapter 8 of the book The Magic Question-
Here is the perfect metaphor for the phenomenon of how your brain find answers when you ask the right questions… The Happiness Radar.
Imagine your brain as a control tower on a battleship in the middle of the ocean. Instead of one radar system, you have dozens. You have the happiness radar, the misery radar, the problem radar, the failure radar, the beauty radar, the peace radar, the self-critical radar, the ‘I hate the president radar’, the ‘the world is going to end radar’, etc.
You can choose which radar you want to turn on and which ones you want to turn off.
The happiness radar is simple to activate. Just write the following words on an index card and read it a few times a day:
“What is another reason to be happy now?”
While this sentence seems simple, it is linguistically elegant because it pre-supposed that there was already another reason to be happy. (Now your brain is finding two things, not just one.) And, it has an embedded command to be happy right now; now… not in the future. You could create a slight variation of this sentence like this…
“How many things can I find to be happy about now?”
“How many reasons can I discover to be incredibly happy?”
“Scan the world for reasons to be happy.”
“Show me the many reasons that it’s okay to be joyous right now.”
Asking the question is part one. Finding the answers it part two. You must allocate 60 seconds a day to answer this question 5-12 times a day, every day. This mental process must become a habit. You will be re-wiring your brain and creating new, stronger, neural pathways each time to answer these questions.
Do this every day for 21 days… you will be happier.
It’s like a Thermostat inside your Brain.
brainthermostatWhatever your life looks like today is due to your thermostat being set there.
So what we have to do is change the thermostat. You have to actually program a new thermostat at a different vibrational frequency, so that currently you are hot! Oh my God, I’m so hot! I have to take some action to get cool! You’re going to be so uncomfortable in the current situation, you’ll take action. If you’re too comfortable, you get lazy.
Author John Assaraf used this metaphor of a thermostat, which is very interesting.
He says, “For example, any liquid-cooled car engine has a small device called the thermostat that sits between the engine and the radiator. The thermostat in most cars is about two inches (five cm) in diameter. Its job is to block the flow of coolant to the radiator until the engine has warmed up. When the engine is cold, no coolant flows through the engine. Once the engine reaches its set temperature (generally about 200 degrees F, 95 degrees C), the thermostat opens. By letting the engine warm up as quickly as possible, the thermostat reduces engine wear, deposits, and emissions. It’s really amazing and, if you could see how does its work, it’s like magic!”
Now, I don’t want to force you to be uncomfortable, but I’m suggesting that if you take small steps to change your comfort level, so that you’re not fully comfortable, it’ll motivate you to make some changes…because you’ve got to take a few more actions.
I didn’t have to get up and go the gym this morning, I could have slept another 30, 40 minutes, but it’s important to me to be fit. In fact, I’m uncomfortable when I look fat.
I know a woman who is beautiful and thin, and she perceives herself as fat when the whole world sees her as thin.
Literally, two pounds makes her really uncomfortable, eight pounds makes her sick. Eight pounds is like no, no, no, not eating that! Nope!
She is motivated out of her own uncomfortable-ness. She gets highly uncomfortable about four pounds of weight.
I see people who weigh 400 pounds. In their case, four pounds is irrelevant. They can’t be comfortable at that weight. But, this woman’s four pounds makes her so uncomfortable, she takes massive action.
So the question is: how do you change it? You change it through habitual thinking processes. You change it through changing your internal dialogue. You change it through habits. You change it through increasing your ability to confront reality.
The magic question has been the single-most effective technique for changing the direction of my thoughts and attracting prosperity that I’ve ever discovered. If you look in the mirror and don’t like what you see… change your questions first and quiet any negative voices which contain judgment. Tell them to shut up, and turn all your internal voices into question generators.
As discussed in the book The Magic Question, here are a few questions you can write on a brightly colored index card and set your “mind in the direction” of solving them:
What can I eat today that is nutritious?
How much fun will it be to exercise today?
How hot will I look when I get firm and ripped?
One of the best few questions for feeling more confidence
and boosting one’s self esteem is as follow:
What’s attractive about me today?
Which part of my life is really working well?
What is really special and unique about me?
How beautiful is my spirit?
How much value to I bring to the life of others.
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Media Dictatorship in Greece
The videos of Greece you won’t see
The news won’t mention much other than how Athens burned last night. The news never mentions how millions took to the streets yesterday all over Greece to demand elections, to ask for a referendum, to quit the Euro, to revert back to the drachma. The news never shows what really happens, but chooses to show what it has been told to show.
Well, these are the videos you won’t see on your TV set. Please let everyone know that Greeks aren’t dumb, they see who the measures are for and know that the people implementing them are no longer Συνέχεια
A Day Spent at the Square – Indignant Protesters in Salonica
iReport —
The article that appeared today in the following Greek blog
written by an eye witness who spent the day with protesters around the White Tower, Salonica’s pride, is touching. It is touching because readers will never be able to see the real picture if they read a reporter’s story or listen to a correspondent doing their job. This is journalism at its pristine form, with no alterior motives other than the desire to convey real emotions.
What do protesters who sit at the foot of a 500 year-old symbol of slavery and freedom think about? The article proceeds to say the following: Συνέχεια | <urn:uuid:66b49ae1-8d07-4f7a-bb8f-47d8ccf44e2d> | https://mysatelite.wordpress.com/tag/protesters/ | en | 0.943535 | 0.024511 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
The Quinnipiac Chronicle
So who would you want to spend Valentine’s Day with?
February 8, 2001
Jill's Picks . Joey Tribiani - Hey, how you doin'? It's not necessarily Matt LeBlanc that does it for me, but instead his alter ego on "Friends." Perhaps we can snuggle in his brand new superchair while watching Stevie TV. 4....
Forget love, all you need are friends!
Ela Felcyn
February 8, 2001
I've somehow managed to commit a major offense - I've managed to remain single on Valentine's Day. Quick, someone call the cops, because this is no misdemeanor. It's time to lock me up and throw away the key. Why would someone...
Danny, Julie, and Puck of ‘Real World’ share V-day moments
Jill Bouffard
February 8, 2001
Recently, Danny Roberts, Julie Stoffer and Puck of MTV's "Real World" came to Quinnipiac for question and interview session with students. After the event I caught up with the three stars and asked them about their Valentine's... | <urn:uuid:b022e662-04ea-466a-bedb-771d50790ac3> | https://quchronicle.com/category/news/page/239/ | en | 0.950574 | 0.229842 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
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Biomechanical modeling as a practical tool for predicting injury risk related to repetitive muscle lengthening during learning and training of human complex motor skills
Previous studies have shown that muscle repetitive stress injuries (RSIs) are often related to sport trainings among young participants. As such, understanding the mechanism of RSIs is essential for injury prevention. One potential means would be to identify muscles in risk by applying biomechanical modeling. By capturing 3D movements of four typical youth sports and building the biomechanical models, the current study has identified several risk factors related to the development of RSIs. The causal factors for RSIs are the muscle over-lengthening, the impact-like (speedy increase) eccentric tension in muscles, imbalance between agonists and antagonists, muscle loading frequency and muscle strength. In general, a large range of motion of joints would lead to over-lengthening of certain small muscles; Limb’s acceleration during power generation could cause imbalance between agonists and antagonists; a quick deceleration of limbs during follow-throughs would induce an impact-like eccentric tension to muscles; and even at low speed, frequent muscle over-lengthening would cause a micro-trauma accumulation which could result in RSIs in long term. Based on the results, the following measures can be applied to reduce the risk of RSIs during learning/training in youth participants: (1) stretching training of muscles at risk in order to increase lengthening ability; (2) dynamic warming-up for minimizing possible imbalance between agonists and antagonists; (3) limiting practice times of the frequency and duration of movements requiring strength and/or large range of motion to reducing micro-trauma accumulation; and (4) allowing enough repair time for recovery from micro-traumas induced by training (individual training time). Collectively, the results show that biomechanical modeling is a practical tool for predicting injury risk and provides an effective way to establish an optimization strategy to counteract the factors leading to muscle repetitive stress injuries during motor skill learning and training.
Risk of muscle injury linked to human complex motor skills’ acquisition
The main focuses of human movement and performance research have been to improve and accelerate skill acquisition (education and training), maintain motor function (daily living and activities), and at the same time reduce occurrence of injury among those participating in the activities (health and wellness) (Ballreich and Baumann 1996; Shan et al. 2004a; Visentin et al. 2008; Winter 1990). The desirability of acquiring motor skills efficiently and effectively while simultaneously avoiding injury would seem self-evident. Consequently, researchers, professional educators, medical practitioners and participants are becoming more occupied with such matters, especially in the motor learning and training of complex skills among young participants (American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Sports Medicine and Fitness 2000; Axe et al. 2001; Zaremski and Krabak 2012).
Complex human motor skills, such as throwing techniques, various kicks in dancing and sports, are of learned human behaviors. The motor control of these skills is so complicated that it requires a harmonized effort of the whole-body, multi-joint coordination—an entire kinetic chain control (Shan et al. 2015; Shan and Westerhoff 2005; Visentin et al. 2015). Such behaviors require intricate motor control, perception and adaptation in a temporal endeavor (Shan et al. 2012); and the motor learning needs years’ repetitive training or practice, starting at a young age. One possible negative outcome of such long-time repetitive training/practice is overuse syndrome (OS) (Burkhart et al. 2003; Reid et al. 1987; Sohl and Bowling 1990). Muscle injury caused by repetitive muscle lengthening during learning and training is one type of OS.
Muscle injuries from physical activity fall into two main categories—impact injuries where the physiological limits of the individual are surpassed (Peterson and Renström 1987) and repetitive stress injuries (RSIs) where the accumulation of micro-injury from physical overuse surpass the individual’s physiological tolerance (Dawson et al. 1990; Visentin and Shan 2004). While the mechanism of impact injuries is well studied, RSIs represent a different line of inquiry (Shan et al. 2004b). RSIs are typical of many physical activities, such as sports, dancing and playing musical instruments (Visentin and Shan 2004). Since RSIs can be linked to learned motor behaviors, their etiology must be examined with a view to quantifying factors associated with the development of injury in order to have the potential to influence these behaviors.
Repetitive stress injuries and school sports
A closer look at current North American school sport reveals an alarming statistic, over 70 % of participants drop out of youth sport programs along the way to high school and the 4th cause of youth dropouts in sport is an increased injury incidence due to inordinate demands on young bodies (Woods 2011). Muscle strains (pulled muscles)—one type of RSIs—are among the most common injuries in sports—as many as 30 % of the injuries seen in sports medicine are muscle strain injuries (Garrrett 2002). These strains usually occur during sprinting, kicking, stretching, overhead throwing and rapid stop/deceleration (Garrrett 2002; Oyama 2012; Shan 2005; Zaremski and Krabak 2012). The situation in school physical education could be even worse in Asia/China, yet there is no statistical evidence.
Effective human motor skill learning/training benefits nearly every one of us, as it can help develop interests in more physical activities and lead to more active and healthy lifestyles (Chen and Ennis 2004; Lee et al. 1995; Paffenbarger Jr et al. 1993). The high drop rate in school sports would become one of the health and wellness concerns for future generations. In order to promote physical activities among young adults, measures for minimizing injury risks related to RSIs during sports participation should be taken. One potential method for the prevention, however, would be an identification the risk induced by various physical conditions/postures. Such identifications would help coaches and practitioners develop proper training programs to reduce the risk of RSIs during training/practice, while keeping participants enthusiastic towards sports.
Principles of risk identification
Sports motor skills are diverse. For achieving delimiting results, two aspects should be considered: typical skills in most popular sports and the existing literature related to muscular injury in the sports.
Typical skills in popular school sports
In North American, the top ten sport participation among school boys and girls (age 6–18 years) are listed in Table 1 (Woods 2011). The sports listed cover both simple and complex motor skills. Usually, a complex one involves elements of multi-joints coordination and rapid acceleration and/or deceleration of body segments, such as powerful kicking, rapid over-head throwing and stretching (Fleisig et al. 1999; Shan and Westerhoff 2005). For improving the effectiveness of those skills, one needs long-time repetitive training and, therefore, is highly related to RSIs (Garrrett 2002; Oyama 2012; Shan 2005; Zaremski and Krabak 2012).
Table 1 Most frequent physical activities in North American schools (data from Woods 2011)
Among boys’ top ten sports, maximal instep kick would be a typical skill (Fig. 1a), because this skill is often applied in football and soccer (the 2nd and the 3rd of boys’ sports). Additionally, girls’ participation rate of soccer is high too (40 %, the 7th). The complexity of the skill can be abstracted as the formation of a tension arc, and its fast release using a whip-like movement of the kick-leg (Shan et al. 2005; Shan and Westerhoff 2005). During the formation of a tension arc, certain muscles should be lengthened for generating an explosively powerful kick. The repetitive use of the skill during learning and training could induce leg muscles strain (Garrrett 2002)—a suitable case for studying risk of leg muscle injury.
Fig. 1
Complex motor skills selected from popular school sports for the study: a maximal instep kick, b baseball pitching, c fan kick, and d axe kick
A typical complex skill of upper-limbs would be baseball pitch (the 6th, also the 8th for girls) (Fleisig et al. 1999; Zaremski and Krabak 2012) (Fig. 1b). Although the most injured body area caused by baseball pitch is glenohumeral region (connective tissues surrounding the shoulder joint, a non-typical muscle injury) (Anderson and Alford 2010; Braun et al. 2009; Wilk et al. 2009), the Latissimus dorsi tears have been observed (Schickendantz et al. 2009). It is known that pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi are two main muscles involved in baseball pitching, quantification of muscle lengthening of these two muscles could reveal the injury mechanism related to the uniqueness of the skill.
The number one among girls’ top ten physical activities is dancing. Various stretching and kicking exercises outline dancing common practice. The fan kick, involving both stretching and kicking, is such a skill. The skill is wildly practiced and performed in various types of dance, such as ballet, modern and jazz dance. In a fan kick, the working leg makes a sweeping arc in front of the body and opens up to create a “fan” shape (Fig. 1c). Basically, the skill begins with a weight transfer to the supporting leg to help create a posture for initiating a circle movement of the working leg; the working leg is then to lift across the body to a peak height straight in front of the body and continues to swing out to the side of the body and downward until the weight is transferred onto the working leg. It is known that the rates of injuries in professional dancers are over 80 % (EMC 2003; Rovere et al. 1983), with 64–75 % of these injuries affecting the muscles and soft tissue (Arendt and Kerschbaumer 2003; EMC 2003). A quantitative characterization of muscle lengthening of the fan kick could help identify factors linked to the high injury rates.
The literature related to muscular injury and the aims of the current study
Previous studies have shown that the best time for preventing muscle strain injuries is at the beginning of learning and training, when good skill mechanics and good training habits can be developed (Andrews and Fleisig 1998; Arendt and Kerschbaumer 2003). A development of effective prevention program requires an understanding of the nature and cause of muscle strains. Usually, a muscle strain happens when a powerful muscle contraction is executed, combined with muscle over-lengthening (Garrrett 2002). Therefore, investigations focusing on body kinematics (range of motion (ROM), acceleration and/or deceleration) and their related muscles’ lengthening conditions in various complex motor learning and training situations would hold a great potential in developing injury prevention strategies in practice. Unfortunately, most previous studies are only related to injury-site examinations, statistical and/or epidemiological studies, and the observation of the behaviors associated with the injury—post injury study (Byhring and Bo 2002; McFarland and Wasik 1998; Quirk 1983; Register-Mihalik et al. 2011). They could not reveal the process of muscle injuries caused by overuse under real performance conditions and causal factors remain uncharted.
Further, empirical evidence has shown that movement variations and strength imbalance between agonists and antagonists play an important role in the etiology of these injuries (Bejjani 1987). Such evidence can also be characterized using ROM of joints and the change of muscles’ lengths (Visentin and Shan 2003). An examination of the relationship between these two type factors can be obtained by using 3D motion capture and biomechanical modeling. Therefore, the first aim of this study was to reveal the ROM characteristics and the dynamic muscles lengthening of the selected complex motor skills.
The causal factors revealed by animal experiments showed that a repetitive motion with 20 % more muscle lengthening than its rest length (i.e. 120 % of its rest length) would most likely cause muscle injuries (Faulkner et al. 1993; Fritz and Stauber 1988; McCully and Faulkner 1985; Stauber et al. 1988). But there is little study to characterize the dynamic change of muscle lengths during the performance of complex motor skills. Since young participants are at their early stage of training (relatively under-trained), repetitive muscle over-lengthening during learning and training could be dangerous and counter-productive. Therefore the second aim of this study was to identify muscles at risk (lengthening >120 % of its resting length) for the selected complex motor skills. This would help to establish preventive measures, which could be applied in learning and training programs.
The previous dance literature indicate that 64–80 % of dance injuries are in the lower extremities (Arendt and Kerschbaumer 2003; Milan 1994) and muscle strains and tears represent most of the injuries (Allen et al. 2012; Bejjani 1987; Murphy et al. 2003). From kinematic point of view (stretching), the relative leg-positions of the fan kick in dancing (Fig. 1c) and the axe kick in martial arts (Fig. 1d) are extremely alike. However, the leg muscle injury of martial artists is less than 10 %, much lower than that of dancers (Birrer and Halbrook 1988; Pieter and Zemper 1997; Wilkerson 1997). An effective way for initiating injury prevention strategy is to compare similar human activities with a significant difference in injury rate. Such a comparison could supply hints for injury prevention. As such, the third aim of this study was to compare kinematics between fan kick and axe kick in order to provide insight into risk assessment and muscle injury prevention in youth motor skill learning and training.
Results and discussions
Maximal instep soccer kicking
One of the aims of the study was to reveal the ROM characteristics and the dynamic lengthening of leg muscles during soccer kicking via 3D motion capture and biomechanical modeling. The aim was to explore to what degree the biomechanical modeling could identify muscles at risk and if the identification could be used to develop prevention strategies for motor learning and training in youth sports.
The results show that 3D motion capture and biomechanical modeling can be used to reveal distinguishable joints ROMs and the related muscles lengthening characteristics. The findings of the current study confirmed the existence of tension-arc phenomenon existed in skilled soccer players (Shan et al. 2005; Shan and Westerhoff 2005), i.e. the formation and the fast release of a tension arc during maximal instep kick (Fig. 2). Due to the formation of the tension arc, the kick-side hip experienced over-extension; as such, some leg muscles were over-lengthened. Since the kick-side hip over-extension and the whip-like movement of the kick leg mainly consisted of flexion/extension and adduction/abduction of hip and knee (Shan et al. 2005; Shan and Westerhoff 2005), the ROMs of the two joints and seven muscles responsible for the hip and knee movement were selected for the quantification. The selected muscles were hip flexor/knee extensor (rectus femoris and vastus laterialis of quadriceps), hip extensor (biceps femoris), hip adductors (gracilis and adductor magnus), hip abductor (gluteus medius), and a two-joint muscle contributing to hip extension and knee flexion (Semitendinosus). The results are shown in Table 2.
Fig. 2
Biomechanical modeling of maximal instep kick in soccer
Table 2 Range of motion (ROM) of hip and knee as well as lengthening characteristics of selected muscles on the kick-side
The 3D kinematic data reveals that the formation of the tension arc dramatically increases the ROM for hip and knee flexion/extension. The large ROMs cause some muscles’ lengthening over the critical value (i.e. 120 % of its rest length). The identified muscles in risk are adductor magnus, gracilis and semimenbranosus (Table 2). Repetitively practice of the formation of the tension arc would induce a risk of RSIs for young players. Among the three muscles, the Adductor Magnus is especially prone to injury, with its length value of 174.6 %. Since the formation of the tension arc is a key factor for increasing the kick power (Shan et al. 2005; Shan and Westerhoff 2005), its training is inevitable in practice. It has been hypothesized that, for beginners, flexibility training before the kick practice can help reduce the risk of RSIs.
Medical documentation has shown that one of the most common leg RSIs in soccer is muscle or tendon strain, which occur over time due to stress on the muscles (including soft tissues) without sufficient time for self-healing and/or an imbalance between agonists and antagonists (Garrrett 2002). The results of this study (i.e. the large ROMs of both the hip and the knee) would suggest that the strain and the imbalance between agonists and antagonists could happen during repetitive over-lengthening of muscle fibers in an improper training program. Therefore, for injury prevention during soccer learning and training, coaches and trainers should pay special attention to the following aspects: (1) stretching training of muscles at risk, (2) dynamic muscle warm-up before practice, (3) limiting practice times of repetitive kicking training, and (4) individual training time. The first aspect would increase muscle lengthening ability. Well trained muscles could reach 180 % of its rest length without injury (Wilkerson 1997). The second one would ascertain that muscle tightness can be minimized; as such the coordination efficiency between agonists and antagonists will be improved. The third one would slow down the rate of micro-trauma accumulation—a key cause of RSIs (Visentin and Shan 2004). The last one will allow individual to have enough repair cycles during periods of relative inactivity in order to allow a self-healing of the micro-trauma accumulated (Visentin and Shan 2004). Unlike impact injuries where there is virtually no time between loading and injury, repair cycles play an import role in prevention of RSIs. Coaches and trainers should be aware that the development of RSIs depends on a net of two biological processes—microtrauma accumulation and repair cycles (Visentin and Shan 2004) and if the microtrauma accumulation is faster than the repair cycles, muscle soreness will occur, resulting additionally in imbalance between agonists and antagonists (Bejjani 1987; Schickendantz et al. 2009). The best prevention would be to keep a dynamic balancing between microtrauma accumulation and repair cycles. In doing so, individual training time is required in practice, as individual muscle soreness requires different recovery time.
Baseball pitching
The aim of the baseball pitching study was to investigate the possible injury mechanism of latissimus dorsi via biomechanical modeling. Previous studies indicated that seven critical events divided pitching into six phases (Fleisig et al. 1999; Nissen et al. 2007). The seven events are initial position, balance point, foot contact, maximum shoulder external rotation, ball release, maximum shoulder internal rotation, and fielding position. The six phases include wind-up, stride, arm cocking, arm acceleration, arm deceleration, and follow-through. The whole motion requires proper coordination of muscle activities in the trunk. It is known that the main trunk muscle in the forward movement of the arm is the pectoralis major and, towards the end of pitching, the arm has to be slowed down and thus, the back muscles (e.g. latissimus dorsi) become important (Nissen et al. 2007; Park et al. 2002).
The current study has successfully unveiled the relationship between the dynamic lengthening characteristics of the two major trunk muscles and the seven events as well as the six phases (Fig. 3). The relationship has supplied direct evidences for studying the injury mechanism of latissimus dorsi.
Fig. 3
Dynamic lengthening characteristics of pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi during pitching
The results has revealed that, of the six phases, the arm-cocking, arm acceleration, and arm deceleration are the phases when the fastest muscles lengthening, as such high magnitudes of forces and moments are experienced (Fig. 3). The modeling results confirm that an over-lengthening of pectoralis major happens during the arm-cocking, reaching in average 129.3 % of its rest length (129.3 ± 6.2 %). After arm-cocking, the muscle experiences a rapid concentric shortening during the arm-acceleration phase, a perfect example of SSC (stretch–shortening cycle) for increasing muscle power (Komi 2000). These results suggest that the pre-lengthening of pectoralis major would powerfully rotate the pitching arm inwards, horizontally across the body, and outwards in front of the body. Therefore, the energy transfer from the pitcher to the ball relies heavily on the pectoralis major. Even though the maximal lengthening of pectoris major is over the critical value of RSIs (>120 % of its rest length), it is hard to find any injury report in literature. The main reason could be the muscle contraction pattern—concentric—as well as strengthen of the muscle, i.e. one of the strongest human muscles.
Further, the results have showed that, during the three quick-action phases (i.e. arm-cocking, arm acceleration and arm deceleration), pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi coordinate as an agonist and an antagonist (Fig. 3). First, the pre-lengthening of pectoralis major during arm-cocking is supported by the concentric shortening of latissimus dorsi; then, the two muscles exchange their role during the arm-acceleration phase, namely, the explosive, concentric contraction of pectoralis major (<100 ms) is accompanied by a rapid lengthening of latissimus dorsi. Empirical evidence has shown that an imbalance between agonists and antagonists plays an important role in the etiology of muscle injuries (Bejjani 1987). Hence, improving the coordination efficiency between these two major muscles should be emphasized during training. Coaches and trainers should be aware that muscle tightness and soreness would influence muscles coordination, as such, could result in an imbalance between agonists and antagonists (Bejjani 1987; Schickendantz et al. 2009). A study done by Carvalho et al. (2012) shows that, comparing passive and active stretching, 5-min dynamic stretching is the most efficient way to improve performance by enhancing muscle motor units excitability as well as to gain the greatest central activations of motor neuron for improving coordination between agonists and antagonists. Therefore, muscle tightness can be minimized by having dynamic muscle warm-up exercise and individual muscle soreness requires different recovery time, i.e. individual training time.
The purpose of arm deceleration is to slow down the throwing arm comfortably, safely to dissipate the excess kinetic energy that has not been transferred to the ball. As such, the remaining kinetic energy would be a dominant cause for an injury (Pappas et al. 1985; Park et al. 2002). The results of current study have indicated that the quick deceleration (6216°/s ± 218°/s) occurs during an interval of less than 100 ms following the ball release and produces impact-like (speedy increase), eccentric tension on the latisssimus dorsi (Fig. 3). Even at low intensity, the repetitive impact-like loading has been proved to contribute arm-muscle RSIs among musicians (Shan and Visentin 2003); therefore, this type of loading should be dangerous for pitchers, too. Additional to the impact-like, eccentric loading, the muscle also undergoes its over-lengthening in this phase (130.5 ± 7.1 % of its rest length), 10 % over the critical value of RSIs (Faulkner et al. 1993; Fritz and Stauber 1988; McCully and Faulkner 1985; Stauber et al. 1988). All the conditions—impact-like, high-intensity and eccentric over-lengthening—could work together to amplify the injury risk. Such a load is further intensified among professional players as their deceleration approached up to 7000°/s (Braun et al. 2009; Feltner and Dapena 1986; Pappas et al. 1985), comparing to 6216°/s in current study. Collectively, the results suggest that, after ball release, the pectoralis major loses its mechanical advantage; thus, of the two main muscles, the latissimus dorsi is more active than the pectoralis major during the deceleration phase; and the deceleration is mainly achieved by the impact-like, powerful eccentric over-lengthening of the latissimus dorsi, resulting in a highly dangerous loading pattern. In short, the over-lengthened and forceful impact-like eccentric muscle loading should be the cause of latissimus dorsi injury. The injury mechanism would imply that involving stretching/flexibility practice and eccentric loading exercise into regular training programs plays an important role in the prevention of such an injury. Stretching/flexibility practice would increase muscle lengthening ability and eccentric loading exercise could strengthen muscles against a forceful impact-like eccentric loading.
Fan kick and axe kick
The last aim of this study was to draw possible prevention strategies from the comparison of kinematically similar motor skills with significantly different injury rates. Dancing and martial arts were chosen. Previous studies have indicated that, 64–80 % of injuries among dancers are in the lower extremities (Allen et al. 2012; Arendt and Kerschbaumer 2003; Hincapié et al. 2008; Milan 1994) and muscle strains and tears represent most of the injuries (Allen et al. 2012; Bejjani 1987). One casual factor could be a frequent practice of over-extended dance postures such as fan kick that put repetitively enormous strain on certain muscles. Similar postures, e.g. axe kick, can be found in martial arts. Using 3D motion capture and biomechanical modeling, the current study quantitatively compared the ROM and the muscle dynamic lengthening characteristics of the both kicking skills.
The modeling results (Fig. 4) have showed that the relative leg-positions of the fan kick and the axe kick are quite similar. The former is performed by lifting the working leg across the body to a peak height straight in front of the body and then swinging the extended leg out to the side of the body and downward, while the later skill is conducted by lifting the kick-foot heel with extended leg to its peak height and then bringing the lifted leg straight down with a powerful motion. Since the extremely change in both skills is found in the kick leg, the analyses, comparisons and discussions in this study are purposely selected to focused on the kick-leg hip, knee and major muscles related to the control of these two joints.
Fig. 4
Kinematic similarity between fan kick in dance and axe kick in martial arts
The 3D analyses (Table 3) has divulged that the ROM of hip flexion/extension of the kick-leg during an axe kick is significantly larger than that of the fan kick (p < 0.05), reaching an average of 162.2° (162.6° ± 8.4°), whereas the fan kick is 146.3° (146.3° ± 6.6°). However, due to a lateral swing of the kick leg during the fan kick, the ROM of hip abduction/adduction shows a reverse trend, i.e. the value of axe kick (87.8° ± 5.6°) is significantly smaller (p < 0.01) than that of fan kick (51.6° ± 6.1°). There is no difference for hip rotation. Comparison between knees’ ROMs indicates that fan kick experiences significantly larger flexion/extension than that of axe kick for the kick leg (p < 0.01). The values reach 108.7° (108.9° ± 6.3°) for the fan kick, while it is only 65.3° (65.3° ± 4.7°) for the axe kick. There are no significant differences of knee abduction/adduction and rotation between both skills.
Table 3 Comparisons of the hip and knee ROMs of the kick leg and the lengthening and lengthening speed of selected kick-leg muscles in both skills (fan kick vs. axe kick)
Looking at muscle lengthening, the modeling results show that these two skills are particularly alike (Fig. 5). The muscle length analysis has confirmed an asymmetric working pattern in which the kick and support leg muscles lengthening undergo, i.e. the kick leg more, the support leg less. As such, the over lengthened muscles are only found on the kick side. For the axe kick, the following four muscles have been proved to be over the critical value of RSIs (>120 % of its rest length): biceps femoris, adductor magnus, gracilis and semimembranosus. The average lengthening for these muscles are: biceps femoris = 132.0 ± 4.7 %, adductor magnus = 171.3 ± 4.9 %, gracilis = 133.8 ± 3.6 %, and semimembranosus = 133.8 ± 4.3 % (Table 3). For the fan kick, in addition to the above mentioned four muscles, the lengthening of right rectus femoris also exceeds the critical value. The over-lengthened muscles during the fan kick have the following values: biceps femoris = 127.3 ± 5.2 %, adductor magnus = 197.7 ± 5.3 %, gracilis = 134.7 ± 4.8 %, rectus femoris = 127.9 ± 4.0 %, and semimembranosus = 129.2 ± 4.4 %. Generally speaking, doing fan kick one experiences more muscle stress than performing axe kick, because two of the over-lengthened muscles (adductor and rectus femoris) during the fan kick are significantly larger than their counterparts during the axe kick (p < 0.00 and p < 0.05 respectively).
Fig. 5
Typical lengthening of selected muscles during fan kick (left) and axe kick (right)
A previous study has shown that kick power, as such the loading to muscles, are highly related to muscle lengthening speed and muscle contraction time (Shan et al. 2005). Comparing the fan kick to the axe kick, the latter is significant faster that the former (Table 3; Fig. 5). The muscles’ lengthening speeds of the axe kick are from 50 % to over two times higher than those of the fan kick, while the performance time of the axe kick is about half of that of the fan kick. Collectively, these results suggest that the intensity of muscle loading would be considerably higher during the axe kick than that during the fan kick.
With a larger ROM in hip flexion/extension and a higher muscle loading intensity, the martial arts practitioners would have higher risks of RSIs than dancers; or at least, have an equivalent risk level. However, the reality contradicts the theoretical hypothesis. Why could the higher risk group have a lower injury rate? A close look at the influencing factors as well as learning and training practice of both skills may provide some explanations.
Previous studies (Hincapié et al. 2008; Shan 2005; Twitchett et al. 2009) suggest that the following training-related factors could be related to the RSIs: ROMs of joints, muscle loading pattern (concentric or eccentric), degree of muscle’s lengthening, loading intensity, loading frequency, duration of practice, recovery time, nutrition and loading adaptation through training. Among these factors, frequency, duration, strength (loading intensity) training, recovery time, nutrition and loading adaptation could reverse the injury rate for martial artists. Empirical data show that dancers often repeat more over-lengthening exercise, such as fan kick, than martial artists exercise the axe kick in a training session. In addition, it is also believed that dancers spend more time on skill training, and less time on strength training than martial art practitioners. The ground for generally avoiding fitness training in dance practice could be the tradition and a reluctance to follow principles associated with sport. As a result, dancers often demonstrate low levels of strength even though it is necessary to meet the required workload. Additionally, it is common that dancers perceive strength training leads to aesthetically undesirable hypertrophy. Given that training does not provide the opportunity to expend enough energy to maintain these aesthetic demands, this aesthetic demand may be met by diet restriction, which may lead to subsequent increased injury risk. Because there are no statistical studies available to compare the schedule details of learning and/or training programs between dancing and martial arts, further studies are needed to confirm the conclusion. If this aspect is confirmed by future studies, “rescheduling” current practice plans in the dance learning and/or training will be required to reduce RSIs. The reschedule should include greater recovery time, more strength training, individualized length of practice session and proper diet. Such measures would lead to a “fit for purpose” body (Twitchett et al. 2009), which can help increase the training efficiency, improve performance and reduce RSIs.
Limitation and future direction
Inevitably, there are limitations in this study. Motor skills in sports vary in a large range. Therefore, the muscles in risk may be different depend on specific sports. Further studies using biomechanical modeling are needed to investigate more motor skills in order to establish a data bank, showing a possible relationship between muscles in risk and sports participated as well as the mechanism of the possible injuries. Such information would help coaches/practitioners improve their training program for minimizing the RSIs in motor skill learning and training.
The current study explore the potential use of biomechanical modeling in the prevention of muscle injuries related to repetitive movement during complex motor skill learning and training in youth sports. The study aimed to (1) reveal the ROM characteristics and the dynamic muscles lengthening of selected motor skills, (2) identify muscles at risk (lengthening >120 % of its resting length), and (3) compare kinematics of similar skills with different injury rates in order to provide insight into risk assessment and muscle injury prevention. The results of the 4 selected motor-skill studies have shown that the quantification of ROM, muscles lengthening, and the skills comparison help us reveal factors leading to RSIs. Specifically, the results have unveiled that repetitive over-lengthening and impact-like eccentric loading on muscles are the primary casual-factors of RSIs. Muscle stiffness during learning, practice frequency, duration and strength of loading as well as recovery time could jointly contribute to the development of RSIs (i.e. micro-trauma accumulation). Based on the results, measures for reducing the risk of such injuries related to complex skills’ learning and training in youth sport could be: (1) identifying muscles at risk among popular youth physical activities through biomechanical modeling; (2) targeted stretching training of muscles at risk in order to increase lengthening ability; (3) dynamic muscle warming-up before practice for minimizing possible imbalance between agonists and antagonists; (4) limiting practice times of the frequency and duration of intense movements during training with the aim of reducing micro-trauma accumulation; (5) involving more targeted eccentric-loading training on muscles at risk to raise muscles’ capacity against impact-like eccentric loading and (6) allowing enough repair time for recovery from micro-traumas induced by repetitive training (individual training time). Collectively, the results show that biomechanical modeling is a practical tool for predicting injury risk and provides an effective way to establish an optimization strategy to counteract the factors leading to muscle repetitive stress injuries during motor skill learning and training.
In order to understand the development of muscle overuse injuries, a quantitative determination of kinematic and muscle lengthening characteristics of standard performances of the selected skills is required. Therefore, well-trained subjects were recruited for unveiling the standard characteristics of the skills in order to assess the muscles at risk during the learning and training of sports skills among youths.
For soccer kicking Investigation, there were 22 advanced players. The subject group consisted of equal number of male and female from college varsity soccer teams, aging from 19 to 26 years with soccer training varying from 11 to 15 years. For baseball pitching exploration, 9 male players of versatile elite-level with 10–16 years of training were recruited. They were between 20 and 25 years old. And for the comparison study, 7 dancers (1 male, 6 females) and 13 Tae Kwon Do athletes (9 males and 4 females) participated in the research project. All the subjects of the comparison study were highly-trained with experience range from 13 to 32 years and age from 23 to 40 years. No subject was experiencing muscle injuries during the time of the study.
The Human Subjects Research Committee of the host university scrutinized and approved the protocols as meeting the criteria of ethical conduct for research involving humans. All subjects were informed of the testing procedures. They signed an approved consent form and voluntarily participated in the data collection.
3D motion capture and biomechanical modeling
A nine-camera, 3D motion-capture system (VICON MX40, Oxford Metrics Ltd., Oxford, England) was used to track 42 reflective markers (9 mm in diameter) on a subject’s body at a rate of 200 frames/s. Markers were placed on subjects as follows: on the head (4), sternal end of the clavicle, xiphoid process of the sternum, C7 and T10 vertebrae, left and right scapula, anterior superior iliac and posterior superior iliac, left and right acromion, lateral side of each upper arm, lateral epicondyles, lateral side of forearms, styloid processes of radii and ulnae, distal ends of 3rd metacarpal bones, left and right lateral sides of thighs and shanks, lateral tibial condyles, lateral malleoli, calcanei, tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal and big toes. Figure 6a shows a 3D computer reconstruction of the capture set-up. The use of nine cameras and small markers permitted considerable freedom of movement for the subjects, ensuring subjects’ movements within the capture volume remained as close to their normal “style” as possible. Calibration residuals were determined in accordance with VICON’s guidelines and yielded positional data accurate within 1 mm. The use of 3D motion capture supplied information, such as distances, velocities, and accelerations of the 42 markers.
Fig. 6
a 3D motion capture set-up (nine high-speed cameras), and b subject reconstruction (biomechanical model)
From motion capture, one can obtain marker/anatomical positions which allow the modeling of the skeletal structure. From changes in position over time, simple positional data can be translated into skeletal movement using the fundamental precepts of physics. This process is known as biomechanical modeling. A 15-segment, full-body biomechanical model was built by using the 3D capture data. The 15 segments were head, 2 segments trunk, upper arms, lower arms, hands, thighs, shanks and feet. The model allows the calculation of joints’ flexion/extension, abduction/adduction and rotation. The three component can characterize the kinematics of a skill, such as the maximum and minimum of a joint angle and its ROM (i.e. ROM = maximum − minimum). Additionally, muscles can be attached to the skeletal frame using anatomical knowledge regarding attachment points (Fig. 6b). Thus, dynamic muscle lengthening or shortening can be determined in connection with skeletal movement. So do the muscular work patterns (eccentric, concentric, isometric). In such biomechanical modeling, inertial characteristics of the body were estimated using anthropometric “norms” found through statistical studies (Shan and Bohn 2003).
Data collection and analysis
Subjects were allowed to perform a sufficient number of warm-ups in order to become accustomed to the test environment. The readiness of the warm-up was based on subject’s own feeling. After warm-up, subjects executed three times of his/her selected skill. Each subject decided on his/her own pace between warm up and tests, so that the optimal individual control state would be reached.
Raw 3D data was processed using a five-point (1-3-4-3-1 function) smoothing filter and then, the filtered data was input into the 15-segment model for biomechanical calculation. Descriptive statistics (averages and standard deviation) was performed using Microsoft Excel (2010) to reveal the selected skills’ characteristics; and independent t test was applied to determine possible significant differences (fan kick vs. axe kick) of muscles’ lengthening in order to assessing the injury risk. The level of significance was set at 0.05 for the t tests.
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Authors’ contributions
BW and GS designed all experiments, performed and analyzed all experiments, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, prepared figures and/or tables, funding. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Authors’ information
Bingjun Wan obtained his Ph.D. in coaching science from Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China. He is now an Associate Professor in the School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China. Dr. Wan’s research projects are related to training efficiency and injury prevention during motor learning among school-aged students. His research projects are supported by the General Administration of Sport of China. Currently, Dr. Wan is a CSC (China Scholarship Council) exchange scholar at the University of Lethbridge/Canada and doing collaborative research with Prof. Dr. Shan.
Gongbing Shan obtained his Ph.D. in biomechanics from the University of Münster, Germany. After his Ph.D., he was an NIH (National Institute of Health/USA) Post-Doctoral Fellow in the University of Vermont/USA. He is now a Professor (Biomechanics) in the Department of Kinesiology, University of Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada. Dr. Shan is the founder of a state-of-the-art Biomechanics Lab at the university. The lab is equipped with a high-speed 3D motion capture system, wireless EMG, force platforms and bicycle pedal force sensors along with other equipments personally developed by Dr. Shan. Since its establishment in 2000, the lab has been hosting a wide range of high-impact, interdisciplinary research projects. The projects are supported by Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), Covenant Health Research Center (CHRC) and Southern Alberta Intellectual Property Network (SAIPN).
This work was supported by General Administration of Sport of China (Grant #: 2014B065) and National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). We would like to thank the subjects of the study who donated their time and expertise, and our students Brandie Wilde, Peter Westerhoff, Evan Durnin, Kristina Zemp and Brent Trew for providing support in subject testing and data processing.
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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Correspondence to Gongbing Shan.
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Wan, B., Shan, G. Biomechanical modeling as a practical tool for predicting injury risk related to repetitive muscle lengthening during learning and training of human complex motor skills. SpringerPlus 5, 441 (2016).
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• 3D motion capture
• ROM
• Over-lengthening
• Impact-like eccentric muscle tension | <urn:uuid:36f52eca-472e-42a6-bacf-aff8daea9038> | https://springerplus.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40064-016-2067-y | en | 0.901939 | 0.024177 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
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There's a studio in town making epic CGI movies starring legendary characters like Snow White, Sleeping Beauty, Thor and Hercules, adapting authors such as Jules Verne (20,000 Leagues Under the Sea) and Edgar Rice Burroughs (Tarzan). “We're the shitty Disney!” exclaims the Asylum's chief operating officer, Paul Bales, answering my riddle.
In the 20-plus years it's been around, the Asylum has released more than 300 straight-to-video and TV movies, most of which have sidestepped pop culture celebrity. The ones that have earned the studio its much-deserved notoriety, however, are world-famous. With their genre-bending, hyperbolic, improbable plots worn on their sleeves, tongue twisters like Mega Shark Versus Giant Octopus, Mega Python vs. Gatoroid, Mega Shark Vs. Crocosaurus and, of course, the Sharknado series have become events upon their television premieres.
Then there are the “mockbusters,” those movies drafting off the marketing and success of big studio blockbusters. It's how Snow White and Sleeping Beauty, Thor and Hercules, Verne and Burroughs — all up for grabs in the public domain — receive their Asylum makeover to coincide with big studio releases.
In mirroring the Hollywood studios, the Asylum has become a sort of anti-Disney. It's making fun-filled movies for adults, not necessarily the whole family.
“We will take the studio's high concept, take the amount of money we think we can make back, and make that high concept with that amount of money,” explains David Rimawi, 54, whose business card cheekily reads “Quality Control Manager.” As Machiavellian as that plan sounds, the process that ensues once the numbers are crunched is no different from moviemaking since the birth of cinema: Dust off an existing property and retool it for a specific audience. Whether you're Disney or a director with a strong vision, a personal style emerges, making the final product immediately identifiable.
There's no mistaking an Asylum movie. “The auteur is the Asylum,” says Bales, 54, whose business card reads “Corporate Tool.” “We've gotten to a point where we've made our movies director-proof. If we have a terrible director, it doesn't matter. Don't get me wrong, it's a better film if it's a great director, but it's a formula that works and we are consistent about protecting that.”
That formula — like most successful formulas — is at times mind-bendingly simple. “Every shot — even the boring dialogue stuff — pretend it's going to be in the trailer. Don't just have a boring master, close-up, close-up. It doesn't cost anything to move the camera,” says David Latt, 52, alias “The Jackal,” alias “I'm With Stupid,” according to his business card.
Latt and longtime friend Rimawi founded the Asylum back in 1997 as a distribution company. Recalls Rimawi, “When we started the company, we were acquiring indie comedies and dramas from the festivals. [Video rental chain] Hollywood Video said, 'Why don't you get some horror movies for Halloween?' When they sent us royalty reports, it was 10 times the amount we normally got!”
It's clear to see what led the Asylum to become the genre-generating giant it is today. What might be a little murkier is its carrying of the torch in an exploitation legacy that includes such names as Roger Corman, Samuel Arkoff, Larry Cohen and Lloyd Kaufman. The guys rattle off these influences as though programmers for Midnight Screenings. What might surprise you is the name Spielberg. Rimawi admits, “We love the spectacle, the popcorn entertainment of a Spielberg movie. Beautifully told story, very emotional.” Latt concedes, “[Spielberg] probably influences us more than we're aware.”
“However, his movies are made for a theater. We're fighting the fast-forward button and commercials,” Bales interjects.
But who needs Spielberg when there's more than one way to shoot a shark? “You might have an Oscar-winning script. Great, now take the first two acts and throw them away. The genre film starts at act three, when the monster is chasing them,” Latt says. “You get more character development from someone trying to run from a zombie and who can't swim because of childhood trauma. The issues are going to come up in the stress and the tension of the moment rather than, let's talk for 10 pages of background you're not going to care about until 60 pages later.”
It may not be Disney or Spielberg, but with the stress and tension whipped up by a tornado full of sharks, there's plenty of spectacle in an Asylum movie to go with the popcorn at your next viewing party. | <urn:uuid:dddf1993-c29f-4a83-b350-5ced67446fda> | https://www.laweekly.com/meet-the-twisted-trio-behind-sharknado-and-mega-shark-vs-crocosaurus/ | en | 0.946212 | 0.054465 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
can rabbits be carnivores?
Diet and Hydration
Do Rabbits Eat Meat (or Just Plants)?
Take a walk through the country and you’ll find rabbits grazing on grass. Speak to a farmer, and you’ll learn that rabbits eat their fresh greens. It would appear that bunnies have a taste for greenery. As such survival-driven animals, perhaps they may need to think outside the box on occasion.
Rabbits cannot digest meat, so it will make them sick. A rabbit’s digestive tract is designed to process vast amounts of fiber and limited protein. Rabbits get fiber from hay, and protein from pellets.
Even wild rabbits are vegan. Some hares scavenge as a survival mechanism, but rabbits are a different species to hares. Some female rabbits eat their young, but this is very rare. This guide explains how to meet your rabbit’s dietary requirements.
What Do Wild Rabbits Eat?
Rabbits in the wild are dedicated herbivores. They survive on a steady diet of anything green. The most common delicacy of a wild rabbit is grass, though.
When you’re walking and find a rabbit warren, it will be in a dense, green area. This is not an accident. Rabbits need to eat a substantial amount of grass to survive. This means that they’ll build a home close to their food source.
Wild rabbits will also tuck into flowers or fresh fruit and vegetables if available. This can be a source of constant consternation for farmers and landowners. Bunnies are not intending to be destructive. They’re just trying to stay alive.
During the winter, wild rabbits adapt their diet slightly. They prefer their greenery fresh, and many plants die in the cold. As a result, rabbits gnaw on twigs and tree branches. They even climb trees to gain access to appealing food.
What Do Pet Rabbits Eat?
If you bring a rabbit into your family, their diet is similar. You’ll need to replace grass, though. It is impossible for domesticated rabbits to eat as much as they would in the wild. As a result, a pet rabbit’s diet is divided into three parts:
• Pellets. These contain essential vitamins and minerals. This makes them critical for young bunnies. Many adults can be weaned off pellets, though.
• Fresh Hay. This is a pivotal part of a rabbit’s diet. Adults can live on hay alone, as long as it’s fresh and
• Fresh Fruit and Vegetables. These should be offered sparingly, as a treat. Never exceed a tablespoon of fresh veg per 2 lbs. of body weight.
Feeding a Rabbit Pellets
Rabbit pellets have a lot of plus points. They provide a bunny with appropriate levels of protein and calcium. This helps a baby bunny grow their bones. Rabbits can eat unlimited pellets until they’re around six months old.
What rabbit pellets do not contain is fiber. This is the most crucial element of all for a bunny. With fiber, a rabbit will struggle to maintain a healthy colon.
Are rabbits cannibals?
Hay provides fiber, which is why this must be provided alongside pellets. Pellets must never be a rabbit’s only source of nutrition. They form a smaller portion of an adult rabbit’s diet. A quarter of a cup per 6 lbs. of body weight is enough.
Another issue with pellets is that they must be fresh. Rabbit pellets go moldy if not stored appropriately, or left open too long. Mold can kill bunnies.
If you are going to feed your rabbit pellets, buy small quantities. You’d have to replenish your supply frequently, but smaller bags are less likely to go off.
Feeding a Rabbit Fresh Hay
Unlike pellets, a rabbit can never have enough fresh hay. This is the primary replacement for grass in their diet. A pet rabbit will happily graze on hay all day.
Purchase the highest quality hay that you can, and change it daily. Moldy hay is just as dangerous as moldy pellets. You should also stick with timothy hay, oat hay or meadow hay.
Alfalfa hay is found in pellets, so avoiding adding too much of this to your bunny’s cage. If they overeat alfalfa hay, they’ll suffer from excessive calcium intake. This can cause a litany of health problems.
If it’s the right kind, there is no such thing as too much hay for a rabbit. Your bunny will not gain weight, no matter how much of it they consume.
Feeding a Rabbit Fresh Fruit and Vegetables
Rabbits also enjoy fresh fruit and veg, but it should not be fed to excess. Too many vegetables can upset a rabbit’s stomach.
You may also be surprised at which vegetables are suitable for rabbits. Carrots, for example, are full of sugar. This can lead to obesity in bunnies. Many forms of lettuce also contain a calcium-rich fluid called lactucarium. The best vegetables to offer your rabbit include:
When feeding a new vegetable to rabbits, start small. You’ll need to check that your bunny can eat the vegetable without a reaction.
Once you have settled upon suitable fresh vegetables, stick to appropriate portion sizes. Stick with the previously suggested tablespoon per 2 lbs. of weight. Less is more where fresh vegetables and rabbits are concerned.
Can Rabbits be Carnivorous?
As you may have noticed, all of a domestic rabbit’s favorite foods have something in common. They are vegetarian options. This is because pet rabbits are strict herbivores.
Domesticated rabbits are not capable of digesting meat. Rabbits need substantial amounts of fiber. They also need controlled levels of protein. Too much protein damages a rabbit’s kidneys.
Meat, as we know, is high in protein and offers virtually no fiber at all. Also, most meat sources are high in fat. Bunnies cannot process this. They’ll gain weight.
If a rabbit has a nibble of meat, they’ll generally be OK. They may not even swallow it. They’ll enjoy the gnawing required to work through the texture, but reject the taste.
A substantial amount of meat will cause severe problems for a bunny, though. Even if they’re also getting fiber from hay, any meat will sit heavy in a rabbit’s stomach. This will cause a digestive blockage, which can be life-threatening.
My Rabbits Begs for Meat from My Dinner Plate
Rabbits cannot always be trusted to know what is good for them. Despite being governed by survival instincts, bunnies make some very questionable decisions sometimes.
Your rabbit may well ask for meat, for example. This is not because they like the taste. They will never have experienced it before. They will be curious, though. Your dinner smells interesting, and they want to try some for themselves.
It can be hard to resist a begging bunny, but you must. If your rabbit develops a taste for meat, it can cause significant problems.
My Rabbit Ate Meat When I Wasn’t Watching
You’ll also have to oversee a free-roaming bunny. Rabbits are opportunistic eaters. Turn your back, and they may steal meat from the kitchen table.
If your rabbit does eat meat, watch them for a day or two. A small amount should be fine. They may have a mild stomachache, and possibly a runny stool. This will pass through. It’s sizeable quantities that cause issues.
If your rabbit shows any significant behavior changes two days after eating the meat, seek help. Otherwise, be more vigilant in the future. Bunnies can be mischievous, and develop bad habits.
Are There Carnivorous Rabbits in the Wild?
We have established that a domesticated rabbit cannot eat meat. How about in the wild, though? Animals that live untamed sometimes have to act outside the norm to stay alive.
This doesn’t apply to rabbits, but it does to specific breeds of hare. Rabbits and hares are different animals that belong to the same mammalian family. This means that they entirely separate species.
Snowshoe Hares are an example of a carnivorous lagomorph. They still eat plants if possible. As their name suggests though, Snowshoe Hares live in cold climates. If there is no greenery, they’ll eat animals to survive if necessary.
The journal Northwestern Naturalist discusses this. Snowshoe Hares have long been observed feeding on animal carcasses during the winter. These are typically the corpses of small animals, such as birds.
Snowshoe Hares not fussy, though. They’ll eat the body of a lynx, their primary predator, if they encounter one. If desperate enough, they’ll even eat a fellow hare.
It appears that this breed of hare has evolved to cope with eating meat. The protein provided keeps them alive during a harsh winter. They do not hunt active prey, though. Snowshoe Hares are strictly scavengers.
This is because their teeth are not strong enough to strip the meat from the bone. They leave this to other wild predators. A hare will then feast on any remains left behind.
Are Rabbits Cannibals?
Snowshoe Hares will eat one of their own if they’re driven to it. They won’t hunt and kill a fellow lagomorph, but food is food.
As a domesticated rabbit does not eat meat, they certainly won’t eat their own kind. Rabbits fight for territory and dominance, and that may involve biting. This isn’t a precursor to lunch, though. It’s just typical animal behavior.
Are there carnivorous rabbits?
The one exception to this rule is that some rabbits eat their young. There are several explanations for this.
• If a rabbit eats her first litter, she may be confused. She thinks the babies are part of the afterbirth, which she would naturally eat. This should only happen once.
• If a baby bunny is stillborn, their mother may eat it. This is her way of ‘correcting the error,’ and removing evidence.
• If a rabbit has a nutrient deficiency, they may eat their young to correct it. This is rare, though.
• The rabbit is suddenly frightened. She will eat her young before bolting, aiming to remove any trace of her presence.
Rabbits do sometimes eat their young. It’s rare, though. These animals are driven by survival instinct. They’re aware that there is safety in numbers, so they achieve little by eating their babies.
If your pet does eat her young, think carefully before attempting a second breeding. She will have done so for a reason. Learning why will prevent a repeat of the
Do Rabbits Eat Their Babies if You Touch Them?
This is a myth, and a harmful one at that. It has entered legend that, once human hands touch a baby rabbit, their mother rejects it. Some have extended the fallacy to include cannibalism. This is not true.
As discussed, some mothers do eat their young. This has nothing to do with them being touched, though. We have already explained the driving forces behind this behavior.
If you spot a baby bunny in the wild, you should avoid handling them. This is purely because they’ll be terrified, though. If you do pick them up, find their nest and return them. Their mother will return to feed her young later.
If you’re wondering why rabbits leave their babies alone, it’s to protect them. A rabbit knows that her own scent will be very strong. As a result, she leads potential predators away from her nest while foraging.
Yes, a bunny will know if human hands have touched her young, It doesn’t mean that she’ll eat them, though. 90% of the time, it will have no impact on how she reacts.
Herbivore and carnivore are rarely binary terms where wild animals are concerned. Having said that, it’s atypical for a rabbit’s diet to be anything but plant-based.
That isn’t just a personal preference. It’s essential for their survival. Rabbit bodies and digestive tracts need unlimited fiber, and small amounts of anything else. Any meat will upset this balance.
If your own bunny develops a taste for meat, get them out of the habit. They may enjoy it, but it will harm them. Rabbits eat a plant-based diet. Sometimes, it is that simple. | <urn:uuid:829c7a8b-096c-4d37-9c50-4e522fb7eb17> | https://www.rabbitcaretips.com/do-rabbits-eat-meat/ | en | 0.954759 | 0.600081 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
“Deep Web” sounds kind of cool, but exactly what is it?
The Deep Web aka Invisible Web is simply locations in the Internet where search engines can’t index. Therefore they are ‘dark’ to any search engine you use.
Why are they dark?
Well, Google, Bing, and other engines use spider bots to crawl the web and index content. If the content can’t be crawled, there has to be some reason for that –
1. Can not be reached – The content is behind some kind of bot unfriendly interface, security block, has corrupted code, uses Flash or some other reason the bot can’t traverse to the content. This also includes commercial databases that require login.
2. Content is unreadable to the bot – ie. a picture, a movie, a pdf file with no metadata, or other non-html content. Bots can only read html, nothing more.
How much is in the Deep Web?
There are several studies on how much of the Internet can’t be indexed. Many of the studies are over 5 years old. At this point, the best guess which is conservative is that 90% of the Internet is Deep Web. | <urn:uuid:fa01e68a-ab84-402b-92bc-cd323a9a8192> | http://6e.gjsxbp.cn/la2xn10f7h.xml | en | 0.910477 | 0.242381 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Thursday, December 31, 2009
Karachi Carnage and the Colossal Arson
December 30, 2009
By Saeed Qureshi
What happened in Karachi, on tenth of Muharram, the Shiites’ most somber day, followed by unprecedented carnage? The upheaval is so tragic as to make one speechless. It’s difficult to describe the barbaric enormity of this tragedy that has seemingly surpassed all such previous spates of terrorist incidents. It is quite obvious that the perpetrators had already done their nasty and spine chilling home work meticulously to bomb the traditional holy procession followed by an already chosen target for arson. The famous hub of business activities Bolton market was simultaneously torched by understandably well planned and trained saboteurs who did their dirty work with diabolic urgency. This is the fifth day that all the available firefighting equipment has failed to put out the smoldering fire, emitting choking whiffs of smoke. 100 billion rupees gone down the drain, countless rendered jobless and the cosmopolitan city plunged under a pal of gloom and grimness.
The religious frenzy and sectarian hate is assuming frightening dimensions as to render the human life as insignificant as an insect. Humans are known to turn barbarians but that stigma was exclusive to the past societies. But logically if we attribute the massacre of a few score Shia faithful to the sectarian madness, who could be blamed for choking the jugular vein of business, known as Bolton Market. Karachi ablaze and with that the hopes and aspirations of the residents are fast fading away about the sanctity and security of their life, limb and properties guaranteed under the constitution. But did ever any government or its functionaries held this sacred document in esteem?
Customarily, there have been bland and inane vows by the law enforcement bosses to hunt the culprits and send them to hell. As a matter of fact the hateful culprits must be cheerfully having a good time for their monstrous feat. It is the worthless people of Pakistan who are living in an inferno and constantly exposed to a thousand dangers. The ubiquitous and past master in hurling out phony, counterfeit and deceptive statements, Rehman Malik was as usual in Karachi with his dreary sermons for the people to be patient and peaceful. Mr. Malik possesses the inimitable knack of amazing composure after each and every tragedy that swallows precious lives. And during making such farcical statements there is always a slight smile hanging on his face that not even the best expert in physiognomy can decipher.
That begs the serious question about the incumbent government’s ability and even intention to provide a modicum of governance for social peace and enforcement of law. The exacerbating situation bears no visible indications of being arrested or contained. The law and order has gone to dogs, the country is in the throes of a civil war and the society is infested with all brands of clandestine terrorists and saboteurs. The law enforcement network is broken, over worked and utterly incapable of dealing with even small emergencies, what to speak of a cataclysm of Bolton market. The question is as to why, in the first instance, the authorities, knowing well the fragility of law and order, allowed the religious procession to be taken out. The formation of investigation committees and commissions is the easiest job. Has ever a criminal nabbed, charged and sentenced?
The people are starving, the prices are sky rocketing, the gas is being switched off; the commodities are scarcer and getting out of the purchasing ability of the citizens. The sanctity of life has become a laughable cliche. Living in the president’s or prime minister’s house presents a detestable contrast with the life of a common man who comes out of the house with a mind torn by the phobias of lurking suicide bombers to strike him in a nook, on a bus stand and in a shopping center.
Democracy sans safety and accountability is a base coin with no worth. The leaders and the rulers better give security, clean, efficient, and people friendly governance to the citizens and take away the charade of democracy that survives on the blood of the citizens.
There is a widespread and growing disenchantment about the viability of the country. If at all anyone can be dubbed as anti Pakistan or unpatriotic, it is not the public but the powerful and the privileged classes. If the harassed people and paralyzed intelligentsia raise questions as to how the country was being run and whether this down-slide rapid drift would ever be checked or that country’s survival was at stake, they are not to blame. The cronyism, the stalking of Pakistan sacred land by foreign gun totting brigands, the foreign intelligence outfits’ insidious plot to destabilize Pakistan may be roses to the rulers but not to the traumatized people of Pakistan. From where would the sublime ideal of national solidarity glow if the callous extinguishers are outbidding to blow it off.
Let us all candidly admit, Pakistan is in a mess, a mammoth mess. The leadership consists of money grabbers, the rank liars, the pledge brokers, the political dwarfs, the spineless foreign agents and fifth columnists. The people are dumbfounded, losing their sense of proportion in the face of a dancing Dracula of death everywhere. If the prayers can matter, let there be peace in Iraq and in Afghanistan or at least Shia procession must have been spared by their divinities from the nightmare of December 27. Then what’s the way-out: honestly I don’t know. I am dizzy and losing my sanity.
Are You Afraid of Death?
December 28, 2009
Are You Afraid of Death?
By Saeed Qureshi
Are you afraid of death? Whether you are or not, death will come any way. One usually starts thinking about death towards the fag end of one’s life. The concept of death is scary and dreadful because it’s the irreversible transformation from existence to extinction. Death is described to be “the termination of the biological functions that define a living organism. It refers both to a particular event and to the condition those results thereby”.
The fear or paranoid of dying is common to all human beings. The animals too have the fear of death but perhaps it is explained more in their defense against the danger to their survival. In a fight between the beasts when one is killed, the other leaves the fighting ostensibly perceiving that the enemy has passed to another stage where it cannot fight back. We have seen lions, killing their preys and waiting for their death and by pressing the jugular vein of the victims. It means that besides humans that conceive death by virtue of their intelligence and consciousness, the animal too instinctively know the difference between the state of life and death.
I have seen certain individuals in life who had no fear or phobia of death. Rather they were happy and exuded satisfaction that they were passing away with no remorse or regrets that could have weighed heavily on their minds. Even the deeply religious people were content at the time or before death because they unflinchingly believed that in the hereafter or so called next world, they would ever live in the paradise: an everlasting abode of complete happiness, pleasure and leisure.
The short and limited life span in this world has always posed an intriguing question and perplexing enigma to the human beings. It is an existence that ends with decline and death. Every religion has wrestled with this paramount question and has tried to answer it with its own kind of explanation. The three Abrahamic religions talk of a paradise that can be only achieved if certain conditions are fulfilled. These conditions differ between these three main religions. The Jews, of late, are moving away from the dogma of paradise after death and maintain that such a paradise would be created by the man himself on the planet earth. The Christians identify the path to paradise in the belief of Jesus Christ as the son of God. The pre-requisite for Muslims’ to earn the blissful paradise is to follow the path of God revealed and illustrated in the holy Quran and marginally in the previous scriptures. But for all these religions the picture of paradise is similar: a place of perfect joy, limitless entertainment and endless both spiritual and worldly pleasures.
As German author Gerhard herm stated in his book “The Celts-The People Who Came from Out of the Darkness: “Religion is among other things a way of reconciling people to the fact that some day they must die, whether by the promise of a better life beyond the grave, rebirth, or both”. All the religions invariably believe that the human soul is immortal and that after death “it journeys to an afterlife or that it transmigrates to another creature”.
In comparison to heaven or the paradise, the hell is a dreadful place with all kinds of torments and pains that one can think of in this world. That abhorrent place is for those who are sinners in religious terms. A sinner is that who defies, violates or breaks the canon teachings sent to the humans through the God’s emissaries called prophets. For non Abrahamic religions, it is only the soul that survives and gets into the cycles of rebirths and finally joins the soul of God. For Buddhists it dissipates after purification of sins.
Islam presents a graphic and well laid out sketch from man’s final wisp of breath to the first step into the paradise. It’s a long journey. For Christians the concept of limbo, purgatory or a temporary sojourn for the souls of dead is mentioned but they also believe that the dead lie in the grave both with flesh and soul. Muslims believe that while man’s body is in the grave, his soul waits in the limbo (Barzakh) to return, on the Resurrection day, to rejoin the body for judgment. For Muslim believers the Day of Judgment is very rigorous followed by crossing over a hair thin bridge to reach paradise or fall into the hell down below. So the elements of fear and enticements are central to the explanations of respective religions about the life after death.
The fear of death stems from the inevitable yet harrowing compulsion that despite one’s will and wish, no one can escape this unavoidable end. It is perturbing to leave one’s joys, wealth, kith, families and the phenomenon of life full of sound and fury for an unknown destination from where no one has ever returned. The myth of separation of soul from body leaves no possibility, how infinitesimal it might be, for a man to relive again. The body and his physical shell decays and cannot be revived. As for returning from the next world back to the previous one, there is no evidence that such a world, as man perceives, exists. To return from the unknown world, it is first necessary that the soul and body must unite together. A dead man or his remains have no consciousness to recall the soul and be resurrected again. Therefore, this realization of permanent departure from a world of so much fun is at the root of man’s horrific view about death.
The second reason that causes man to be terror stricken about death is the horrifying stages through which one has to pass through after his demise from this world. If there were no such graphic depiction of gruesome events and horrendous phases a person has to go through after dying, he would not worry a bit, what he presently shudders to think of? If one knows that no torment is going to follow after his death and he would dissipate like other things, he would not be afraid to die as he is with these horrific eventualities.
For instance in Islamic belief, after he is laid in the grave, a faithful will face two fearsome angels who would question him about certain elements of his faith. They would bludgeon him repeatedly if answers are not right. It is not known how long they would thrash him and finally leave him in that mauled situation. A pragmatic and scientific mind would not believe how in a small dark grave that kind of interrogation can take place. If there is going to be a “Dooms Day” for final award of hell and heaven, then why this preliminary questioning was necessary.
Then it is the torment of sinners’ soul in the purgatory, to continue till the Day of Judgment. And finally comes the mayhem of the “Judgment Day” with description of unbearably hot environment and God dispensing justice to the resurrected people according to the nature of their good or bad deeds. But this scary episode doesn’t end here. He has to cross over a bridge thinner and sharper than a razor’s edge. This is an ordeal that is most daunting as still there is a chance of misstep and one can plunge into the deep stinking ditches of hell with leaping fires. And in hell he will be roasted and would be fed on boiling water and cyst and constantly flogged. There is a long list of spine chilling punishments. For Muslims and Jews and to some extent for the Christians, life after death is not a smooth sailing. It is replete with sufferings, distress, agonies, torture and trial of most brutal nature. As for non Abrahamic religions, it is not the body but the soul that undergoes unmitigating torment till salvation.
In nature everything is bound by an abiding and fixed cycle of birth and death. Everything that exists whether living (humans, animal’s birds etc) or non living (stones, trees, soil etc) is subject to an inescapable and inexorable principle of creation and extinction. Human race too is captive of that immutable law. But because human are intelligent they possess investigative and curious impulse to find out what happens after the man dies. Hence all explanations! Nevertheless, the one that is conclusive or bears logical evidence is yet to come. But in a nutshell, like a fallen tree that remains on the bank of river for hundred of years without any movement or a rock silhouetting for millenniums till it wears down, man too is born and withers away. The dead body is immune from any feelings or vagaries of nature. The concept of grave primarily devolves on those humans who are buried. It doesn’t apply to those who are blown into pieces in war, buried in desert, drowned in the sea, draped by rock or swallowed by a volcano.
In the universe, things undergo a constant process of transformation from one form to another. The soil turns into rocks after billions of years and vice versa. All existence from an atom to space is in a state of flux. There is the simultaneous process of births, extinction and rebirths taking place. The death of one thing is the birth of another like a flower blossoms when the bud wilts. Humans think self- delusively that they would be treated differently after death. But the nature cannot apply its principles selectively. Once man is gone, he is gone forever. The human progeny, however, continues in different human constitutions. Rebirth after death with punitive or gratifying connotations is, therefore, all speculation, irrelevant and figment of mind.
The Second Death Anniversary of Benazir Bhutto (BB)
The Second Death Anniversary of Benazir Bhutto (BB)
The following article was written on the first death anniversary of Benazir Bhutto, the illustrious late chairperson of the ruling party, PPP. The questions raised in the article are as relevant on her second death anniversary as these were on her first anniversary. Time flies but the PPP rank and file from top to bottom have shown no concern to unmask her murderers that her spouse the incumbent president of Pakistan Asif Ali Zardari has publically acknowledged of knowing them. It’s overdue for the PPP and especially president Zardari to bring the heinous criminals to justice. The studied indifference and eerie silence on the part of PPP leaders is simply mind boggling. Why the PPP is disinterested in probing Benazir’s murder and shuns even talking about the case? Is there more than meets the eye?
Who Killed Benazir Bhutto?
By Saeed Qureshi
December 27 is the second death anniversary of Benazir Bhutto, the Chairperson of the Pakistan People’s Party and the wife of Asif Ali Zardari the President of Pakistan. Two years ago, she was killed in mysterious circumstances after her address at the Rawalpindi Public rally. It is still to be concluded whether she was killed by snipers or by the mammoth blast that killed scores of others. Besides filing of an FIR after much of hassle and arresting some youngsters, there is no other progress in sight to unearth the plot, the plotters and the identity of the assassins of a remarkable political icon.
Referring the case to the United Nations for investigation has further delayed the probe and perhaps placed the emergent matter indefinitely on the back burner. The ruling PPP has seldom issued any updates on the development or progress with regard to the probe that in fact should have been conducted with a sense of utmost urgency and due speed. It appears no one is truly serious in the party echelons, about assassination of BB for unexplained reasons.
To mark her second death anniversary, however, certainly a high sounding program has been announced by the prime minister and party cadres. P resident has made fiery speech at Garhi Khuda Bakhsh, the burial place of Bhutto family. In that speech, he talked of anti Bhutto forces that were out to destabilize PPP government, but not once mentioned about her murder case. There would be rallies, public and party meetings to recall her services and sacrifices and pay tribute to her. She is no doubt a political martyr and this aspect of her political struggle would be highlighted during the anniversary period. As is customary, some prisoners might also be released to add compassion to this sad event.
But this sublime show of love and solidarity with BB cannot distract the people of Pakistan generally and the PPP rank and file especially from the nagging question as to who killed her. This distressing question would keep lurking in the minds as to why this high profile murder case is being evidently turned into a blind and closed case. If there was a government other than the PPP at helm in Pakistan, then one could have expected such willful sidetracking of this heinous crime that has deprived the PPP of its celebrated leader of international eminence and fame. This utter disregard and patent indifference towards Benazir Bhutto’s assassination by her own party in power is as baffling as it is questionable.
At the media level many intriguing and valid question marks are being pointed out that provide positive and worthwhile clues to the suspects who could have masterminded the physical removal of BB from the political scene. Last year in a special investigative report presented on Geo by Hamid Mir, the reputed journalist and well known anchor person gave abundant indicators towards the killers and their abettors of the assassination of Benazir Bhutto. If at all the incumbent government of PPP and especially the widower president Asif Ali Zardari and Interior Minister Rehman Malik are still curious about finding the culprits of Benazir’s murder then they can pick up the threads from this report.
To suppress, discourage or shelve the inquiry for indenifte period will not end the matter and in due course of time it would raise more questions. The biggest question would be why PPP didn’t show the required zeal and concern to find the murderers of a person who was not only a great political figure, daughter of the party’s founder but also the Chairperson of the PPP party, that is now in power because of her epic struggle and consequential martyrdom.
President Zardari is on record of publically confessing that he was privy to the identities of Benazir’s assassins. Then what prevents him from bringing these criminals to justice? Horrifically the party in power whose chairperson was mercilessly slain has not gotten a simple FIR registered with the police so far. Such a high profile murder and so callous of an indifference exhibited by her own party to even start a probe is simply stunning.
Who will implement Supreme Court’s Decisions?
December 21, 2009
Who will implement Supreme Court’s Decisions?
By Saeed Qureshi
It’s auspicious that the Pakistan’s army is not meddling in the contentious poltical affairs. The army might be keeping a vigil from a distance but so far all is quiet on their front. The Supreme Court’s appointed benches have started reviewing the NRO cases that were swept under the carpet of amnesty. The party in power is ambivalent on the Supreme Court’s judgment on NRO. The PPP government is blowing hot and cold at the same time thus emitting mixed signals of both compliance and non compliance of the court’s ruling. Initially they announced acceptance of the court’s decisions what these might be. But the implicit fallout on the ministers accused of misuse of power and bribe, has provoked stiff and defiant reaction from the government.The government’s stance is that the accused ministers will not resign their posts. Their only recourse is left to get themselves bailed out from the relevant courts as law minister Babar Awan has done well in time.
But the situation is not that much placid: it is simmering with dormant turbulence that can explode in the time to come. Such a chaos can burst out in case of a clash between the court’s orders and the executive's refusal or foot dragging on following those orders. It is foregone that the Supreme Court’s landmark decision would rock the government and the things are not going to be peaceful or amicable. The government stalwarts are already throwing hints of hostile action or interference by the forces which were outlined by the government’s defense lawyer Kamal Azfar as ISI and the army. This disclosure must have created strong ripples in the army which has so far demonstrated allegiance to the incumbent government. The preemptive apprehensions and warning shots by the government look premature and childish.
The case of the defense minister Ahmed Mukhtar is indicative of the government’s resolve to fight back if there was a situation of protecting the common cause and monolithic interests of the ruling cabal. The defiance bordering on unusual bravado displayed by the moderate prime minister in the brief encounter with the journalists the other day betokens the mood of the government. The prime minister was in an aggressive posture and categorically ruled out the arrest of the NRO affected ministers including the interior minister Rehman Malik. Rehman Malik showed prudence by pledging to respect the court’s proceeding and directions whatsoever.
The PPP inner cabinet met the other day and ended on a defiant note by hurling accusations at the forces that were out to derail the democratic process. They refused to accept that with the powers of 58-2/B resting with the president, the country is still far away from a real brand of parliamentary democracy. The PPP”s claim that it brought the democracy back to Pakistan rings hollow because when the civil society was up in arms against dictator Musharraf , PPP was busy in closed rooms to strike a bargain under the NRO. PPP government later remained as hostile to the restoration of the senior judges as was Musharraf. The stormy agitation of the lawyers and political workers sans PPP cadres and media forced president Zardari, at the last moment, to restore the sacked judges. So PPP does not a valid claim of fighting for the revival of democracy and restoration of the removed judges. It did manipulate its victory in the elections that were won on the slogan of changing the status quo, revive 1973 constitution and make policies for good of the people and the country. However, it didn’t make good its promises made to the people of Pakistan and to its own poltical allies. Instead it unleashed such governance which was worse even than that of Pervez Mushrraf. The PPP”s performance and credentials pose a big question mark.
If PPP delays, defies or sidetracks Supreme Court’s orders per say for arrest of some top notches in the government, there is going to be a real problematic situation. If such a standoff takes place and government sacks the bureaucrats obeying the court’s orders as was done in case of defense minister, then who is going to ensure the respectability and compliance of the court’s fiat? Will it be done by street protests by the lawyers, the civil society or by the armed forces? It is possible that the court in that situation asks the army to pressurize the government behind the curtains for enforcement of the court’s orders with regard to the detention, arrest, or jailing cabinet ministers or similar stalwarts. That would be a simple application of pressure and not take-over. As a matter of fact, the Supreme Court can only issue orders. It doesn’t have physical force to get those orders complied with. That can be viewed as a kind of intrusion by the army as variously pointed out by the PPP ministers and party leaders.
The Sindh card is a very clumsy and counterproductive bid to demonstrate PPP’ prowesses to counter attack the political adversaries. But if late Zulfikar Ali Bhutto could not cash on the Sindh card that he had also threatened to use against his incarceration and army, how can Mr. Zardari or PPP burdened with innumerable controversies and rock bottom unpopularity can use it to their advantage. This would be injurious to the national unity and may even backfire against its promoters. At least MQM would never be part of it because it being an ethnic entity can also become one of its targets.
Health care Reforms and Senator Joe Lieberman
Health care Reforms and Senator Joe Lieberman
By Saeed Qureshi
Senator Joe Lieberman the independent Democrat from Connecticut, has arrogated to himself the exclusive mission of thwarting the health care on which the prestige of the Democratic government depends. At the same time health care reforms are the need of the hour. The main spanner thrown into the whole scheme of things is Lieberman whose role ever since has been dubious and shady. He is safeguarding and protecting the business interests and huge profits of the super duper pharmaceutical mega companies and enterprises. He is known to be a kind of front man for the insurance companies that deal with the health care.
It would be in order if he is checked from pursuing his seditious role in scuttling the advancement of the express interests of the American people. The health care bill is stuck up at a stage where it is neither here nor there. It is relegated to an impasse. The rebellious detractors within Democrats and those on the other side of the isle are determined to stall its passage before the Christmas and advent of the New Year. The Obama administration has been thrown into a state of limbo and looks to be seemingly caught unaware.
If the reforms are watered down to suite the ambitions and intentions of antagonists within the party in power and those who are committed to torpedo it, then these will lose the very pristine purpose for which these have been devised. If the democrats’ proposed health care reform package loses its main thirst and luster of lowering the cost on treatment and medicines, make the health insurance companies to become competitive with the public owned health care providers such a Medicaid and extend the coverage to other several million Americans; then it would be better to defer it till the administration clears the way for its smooth passage with the original version.
The Republicans don’t view the bill from the standpoint of its being beneficial for the people but as a handy tool to browbeat and embarrass the Obama administration. This brinkmanship is rooted in the historical rivalry between the two poltical antagonists and there have been very few instances when they joined hand willingly to move forward on national issues. One such instance was the initiation of the Iraq war and fight against terrorism after 9/11 incident. There was no reason for any one or courage on both sides of the divide to go against that prodigiously wrong decision. The national sentiments had reached such a high pitch that it stultified even the most pragmatic minds and stunned their tongues not to question that decision.
Invariably, all the bills and amendments that had gone through the House and the Senate were always subjected mostly to partisan divisions and discord. The health care bill is patently in the larger interest of the people particularly those who are poor and come under the category of have-nots in America. If the heath care facilities are extended to another 40 million so far deprived citizens, what harm will come to either party. But as we all know the lobbies and pressure groups and business cartels are very strong actors that operate behind the scenes and enormously influence the decision making that favors their business interests. Senators and Congressmen are human beings too and they are prone to falling prey to various temptations to tacitly or openly support such interests that even may be at variance with the people’s welfare. This is the dilemma at the very core of the health care debate now going nowhere.
As to how Obama administration would be able to cope with this road block in order to clear the way for the passage of the health care bill would be too risky a guess to make. But if the bill is defeated and placed on back burners then the slogan for change of the Obama administration would look hollow, much to the vicarious joy of the Republicans. If it is modified to accommodate the critics’ conditions, the people would be disappointed.
So Obama administration is gripped by a tangle that cannot be unraveled or resolved to the satisfaction of all the parties. One vote of Joe Lieberman can make the whole difference but he is hanging it on democrats’ heads like a “Sword of Damocles” and a bargaining chip in an overly audacious manner. He doesn’t seem to care how history will judge him: a leader more driven by his opportunism and clan interests than those of the people of the United States.
A Constructive Tsunami
December 16, 2009
A Constructive Tsunami
By Saeed Qureshi
The Pakistan Supreme Court’s December 16 verdict on NRO (National Reconciliation Ordinance) is a watershed Tsunami. Yet it is not destructive, as natural tsunamis are. It comes as a signpost of huge hope and relief. It leads the nation towards a destiny which must be glorious and which was the very essence of Pakistan’s creation. The NRO is not basically against President Asif Zardari and his ilk; it is against an opportunist dictator who was ready to go to any extent of disfiguring Pakistan’s constitution and trampling any legal or moral principle to stay in power. The cases against incumbent president and other several thousand individuals pardoned in the NRO were already there. It’s the former president who has to face the music and it would be a redeeming outcome of the historic decision if he is also summoned by the court. He is the principle culprit. It is perhaps the first ever bold and sincere development that would consolidate the foundations of civil society and rule of law in Pakistan.
Accepting the verdict, the presidential spokesman has pointed out towards the presidential privilege that makes the president immune from the Supreme Court’s decision. The question is: how long. What is the guarantee that another petition would not be filed for the resignation of the president for involvement in crimes despite his temporary reprieve? Who can say with certainty that the civil society and the people and the politicians won’t launch a movement for the ouster of a highly controversial and morally lax citizen of Pakistan notwithstanding his protected status? Above all would president himself feel comfortable to stay at the helm despite a total nose dive of his prestige?
Has the president of Pakistan a liking for the ostriches? If not then why is he behaving like an ostrich? There is a turbulent storm ferociously racing against him but he is either complacent or overly confident or exceedingly confused not to look unruffled. He is quiet and feigns to be unconcerned in his presidential citadel. He has shown no intention for the repeal of 17th amendment that can at least give him some semblance of the saving grace in case he is elbowed out by the oppression of events or by those forces that his platonic lawyer has identified before the supreme court of Pakistan. The president better read the writing on the poltical wall of Pakistan.
Paradoxically, president Zardari is simultaneously the strongest and the weakest president. He has inherited the powers of a military dictator which makes the system of government more presidential and much less parliamentary. He cannot impose emergency and he cannot sack the government. He has already lost the precious time in restoring the powers to the prime minister. The prime minister himself is made of wax and most of his ministers can be rated as public enemies. Some of them joined hands with smugglers and hoarders to make huge profits on sugar. Others voraciously gobble the money in various ways. They are doing this against their own people whom they are under oath to serve honestly and sincerely.
Notwithstanding the argument that the constitutional provides the president a shelter not to be sent to jail or removed till the time he hold the reins of the presidency. But what about the prodigious calumny that would be the talk of every household in Pakistan? He cannot shut every one’s mouth. People and the unrelenting media will not spare him by unkind remarks and callous innuendos. He will become a laughing stock, even though he belongs to that species of humans who don’t mind reproach or even the most intolerable vilification.
God save the king is an idiom that is well known in civilized societies. Our society is neither liberal nor ideally civilized. But in president Zardari’s case let god save him from being more dishonorable and the country from him. He must concede and read the history to find out the inexorable fact that that if a towering politician like Zulfikar Ali Bhutto can be sent to gallows obviously for no crime, where does a weak and shaky person like him stand. He must admit he neither has a political background nor did he come to power by dint of a political movement launched by his party in his favor. His late spouse and party chairperson came to Pakistan on the strength of a quid pro quo, at a time when Musharraf was locked in a tussle with judiciary. Benazir died and he jumped into the bandwagon. He outsmarted Musharraf and dodged his political peers with fake promises to be elected unanimously.
Politics is indeed a game of deception and outmaneuvering but even such ignominious tricks have their limits and style. The political deceptions must not be allowed to degenerate into swindling or fraud. Presidency could be the highest trophy for a person who never played any political game. He was always a player on the back foot and that too invisible. Regrettably he lost the prestige that was bestowed upon him by virtue of the dignity and exalted status of presidential office. Instead he projected himself as a small time businessman still caught up in his hang up of seamy monetary pursuits. One can write volumes about the incompetence, inefficiency and gubernatorial corruption nepotism, bad governance, callous disregard of the public woes of the PPP coalition government.
Now the president can salvage his fast eroding credibility and honor if he can take quick paced epic decisions that he is under obligation to take. He has opted so far to renege on those vital issues that can transform the sham democracy, into a veritable democratic dispensation. If he further dithers he is definitely marooned and perhaps would lose even the grace period that is available to him. The die is cast against the beneficiaries of NRO and he is one them.
This government by all indications will go. Fresh elections are called for .There should be no military take over again. All corrupt people must be brought to justice and prosecuted. Since, except judiciary the government and the parliament are keeping mum over country’s countless problems, it is also essential that those whose loans were written off also must be held accountable and forced to pay the loans back to the people of Pakistan. Judiciary is the beacon of hope for the suppressed nation, as well as to save the federation.
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Friday, December 11, 2009
President Zardari’s Letter to New York Times
December 10, 2009
President Zardari’s Letter to New York Times
By Saeed Qureshi
I have seen president Asif Zardari’s letter published in New York Times with dateline of December 9 instant. Ostensibly the letter is addressed to the American public opinion. It’s a desperate and futile attempt to expect that one letter from a controversial president of a subservient and surrogate country would make any tangible difference in molding, even marginally, the public opinion and perceptions about the nature and tenor of Pak-America relationship. Let it be clear to all that American public has no big role to play in policy making. The policy making in America is just like other countries, in that a group on top slots of administrative machinery crafts and implements the policies. The only difference is that American leadership is patriotic to the core while their surrogates lack this national spirit and cardinal ethos.
The very title of the article connotes the existence of certain kind of fences that have to be mended. Now which are those fences have not been explicitly specified. A lot of emphasis has been expended on the phraseology and diction of the letter but one feels that its tone is apologetic and written in a beseeching manner. The controversial or contentious issues between two sovereign states have been washed in the pages of the newspaper. It displays a defeatist attitude as if all available options have been exhausted and the only avenue left was to write an op-ed to air the grievances. If there is ice between the United States and Pakistan, the warmth of an appeal type op-ed is not going to melt that away. It means that the diplomatic skill and finesse of Pakistan’s diplomatic mission in Washington DC is stuck up in grooves.
The letter is predictably written by Pakistan’s eloquent ambassador based in Washington DC. It could well be an attempt by the ambassador, who is also caught in the vortex of the NRO, to demonstrate dissention and cast way the impression of being an American protégé. The letter summarized the past history of Pak-Us relations - pinpointing the American misplaced penchant for supporting the dictators. Besides highlighting Pakistan’s gubernatorial performance in Swat and Waziristan against terrorism and fanaticism; it points out that “in both countries there is deep suspicion toward the other”
And ludicrously, Pakistan arrogates to herself the prerogative of telling mighty Americans how they can mend their fences with Pakistan - a helpless, emaciated country with a begging bowl and expectations of charity from the charity givers. Does United States need to heed Pakistani president’s advice or directives to shrink herself from a giant’s height and come down to the lowly position of a dwarf to accept what Pakistan has to say by way of counseling? Where our diplomacy is heading to?
The main import of the strenuously written letter is to convey to the Untied States that she should tell India to behave and not do things that are injurious to the American sponsored fight against terrorism. Economic aid for social sectors is another issue that has been raised in the letter. With candid hypocrisy the president’s claim has been boldly posted in these words,” Over the last weeks I have moved forcefully to re-establish the traditional powers of the presidency as defined in the parliamentary model on which our Constitution is based. Our Constitution was distorted and perverted by military dictators who usurped the legal powers of Parliament. In accordance with the manifesto of the Pakistan People’s Party, I am working toward strengthening the separation of powers of the presidency from those of the prime minister”
Even a goof in Pakistan can vouch that this is a blatant lie. Do the Americans live in a marooned island that they don’t know that the president Zardari’s efforts, since assuming the presidency, have been focused on stalling and thwarting every move and break any pledge that he made to turn Pakistan into a parliamentary democracy? The president’s assertion, that “I voluntarily handed back the chairmanship of the National Command Authority that exercises control over Pakistan’s nuclear arsenal” is patently false because he did so under pressure from the Pakistan army.
Freakishly, in the morning hours, the letter’ text could be read wholly. In the evening it was made obligatory to first register with the New York Times which necessitated disclosure of private information such as country of residence, the income etc. It’s a riddle as to why all these years this article alone was subjected to certain implausible conditions that someone may not meet for merely reading president’s Zardari’s article. Was there some move to first collect the information of the readers and then chase those who might turn out to be suspicious?
If the contents of the letter are for the entire world to read, support and sympathize with Pakistan’s point of view, then why this burden on the freedom and conscience of a reader is dropped? Someone has to explain this mysterious restriction upon the readership of the New York Times: a highly respected and unquestionably known as an independent liberal daily. Finally the letter talks of the endgame which looks like the biblical endgame of the annihilation of the anti Christ forces in the world: a sort of the Armageddon. My question is who drafted this myopic letter if the endgame is not fully understood.
The letter concludes with these pathetic lines, “And then after 9/11, the United States closed its eyes to the abuses of the dictatorship of President Pervez Musharraf, providing support to the regime while doing little to help with social needs or encourage the restoration of democracy. For Pakistanis, it is a bitter memory”.
Verily United States closed its eyes to the abuses of dictator Musharraf but who is still keeping his dictatorship intact under the garb of a sham and shady democracy? The pity is United States is still viewing all this farce with closed eyes.
The Hour of Reckoning has arrived
December 10, 2009
The Hour of Reckoning has arrived
By Saeed Qureshi
So the chips are down. The hour of reckoning has arrived. Pakistan’s supreme judiciary under its intrepid chief justice is hearing the status of National Reconciliation Ordinance that gave a blanket amnesty to a few thousand criminals and crooks of all brands. This event is perceptibly landmark and would form part, as indelible precedent, of not only Pakistan’s but international judicial annals for all time to come.
With a dormant parliament, the creepy lot of politicians and filth filled cabinet; people wistfully look up to media and judiciary for salvation and rescue out of a morass and a quagmire that is deepening as the precious time passes. The NRO is a classic example of the dirty machinations of the deceptive elite classes that survive like zombies by sucking the blood of their defenseless victims. An iota of shame or self respect would have been enough to drive the pardoned ruffians either to commit suicide or at least to resign till the judgment is out.
Starting from the president down to an ordinary bureaucrat, none, whatsoever, has come forward to express their remorse if not confession of crimes or to proffer a solemn or pretentious pledge to return the plundered money. One is disturbingly stunned to watch a bunch of cabinet ministers ruefully rejecting the charges of bribes that were splashed on the electronic media against them, with evidence. As if the NRO case before the apex court was a mere triviality, these cabinet stalwarts with long lashing tongues, make false promises and swear fake and phony oaths to project themselves innocents. Giving a break to the arch money lover president Zardari, his law minster is reported to pocket half a million dollars from some Pakistani traders of Dubai with a promise that their names would be erased from the NRO list.
The ‘sun god’ (mythical deity of light and heat), the inimitable minister of Water and Power; Raja Pervez Ashraf has discovered a novel way of saving energy in Pakistan that would also give him a safe cover to mint money. He has awarded to his brother in law, an incredibly mammoth yet useless contract to import luminous energy saver bulbs at a staggering cost of Rs. 6 billion. With six billion rupees, ($ 75 million) one can set up a new power plant: hydel or coal based. It’s a trail of tears that trickles down after learning the daredevil, hair raising; money grabbing adventures of the ruthless ruling cabal when the country is falling apart. Reportedly the actual price of all these bulbs is half of what is being paid by the government.
While country is breaking under the burden of religious military and mortified governance, these birds of prey know that in case of legal retribution for their black deeds, they would finally fly away to safer shores for luxuriant and joyful life. These bandit families or rogue individuals must be sternly barred from leaving the country. And those who swallowed billions in loans taken from the banks must also be forced to disgorge the money used on their glamorous and aristocratic lives while the countless ordinary folks die of hunger in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
With a tenacious and defiant countenance, president Zardari seems to emit the message that he was not cowed down by the judicial deliberations. As a president he is safe from the court’s verdict and that sooths him although the charges of corruption that are up to his scalp, unless cleared, would keep hanging around his neck till eternity, He is not in the habit of straight and fair statecraft. He budged only at the last moment when the judicial community was about to knock at federal capital’s gates in tandem with disgruntled politicians. He possesses the unrivalled yet unenviable tenacity to duck and defer the promise of transferring powers to the prime minister. He keeps on heading, simultaneously, the party and the state. He is not even bothered to issue rejoinders or rebuttals from the presidential palace. O God! did he deserve to be the president of Pakistan?
While NRO is taken up by the superior judiciary, it would be in order and rather desirable if the author and promulgator of this abominable, draconian order must also be arraigned before the justice system to spell out the rationale of issuing it. More than the beneficiaries of this ordnance, patently meant to buoy up a sinking president, the former resident is more responsible for playing with the constitutional dignity. Through NRO he has legalized the en-masse corruption not for national reconciliation but for his own survival.
It’s therefore, an elusive, rare and once in century’s moment to clean the “Augean Stables” of corruption. Upon this, depends the legal and constitutional propriety that is raison d’être to evolve a deterring bulwark against corruption and illegalities in Pakistan. Let the decision of the pinnacle court establish a phenomenal precedent and lay down a lasting cornerstone for a corruption free Pakistan. Such a magnificent breakthrough would indeed usher Pakistan into an era of constitutionalism, rule of law, stability, prosperity and equal justice to all.
Pakistan is not responsible for the West’s Woes
December 1, 2009
Pakistan is not responsible for the West’s Woes
By Saeed Qureshi
Pakistan is not responsible for the compounding woes of the powerful, affluent west. If NATO is bogged down in Afghanistan, it’s not because of Pakistan. They entered Afghanistan on their own volition and now staying there not at Pakistan’s behest. West’s military adventure in Afghanistan was a grievous blunder and its continuation is sheer madness.
Instead Pakistan has done a lot better against the miscreants on its own territory. It has scored dazzling and spectacular victories against those elements that were fighting against both Pakistan and the NATO. Thanks to the remarkable valor and exemplary professionalism of the Pakistani armed forces, the northern valleys, that used to be safe havens for the radical religious militants, are now trouble free.
It was colossal undertaking for the Pakistan army which they have fulfilled with flying colors. Such attempts to dislodge the religious extremist were mounted in the past but without any tangible outcome. The previous half hearted military maneuvers emboldened the religious outfits and they virtually established a mini religious state in the remote valleys guarded by mountains.
In the same fashion and style, Pakistan army has accepted the express gauntlet of wiping out the same militants from the thus-far inaccessible and insurmountable terrains of South Waziristan. The tribal areas have a distinction for being untamable in the known history of these areas. It’s for the first time that these rough regions have been mostly cleared of the tribal fighters along with the dogged religious warriors.
Presently, Pakistan army is engaged in the mopping up operations in the cleared areas and soon the writ of the state of Pakistan will be established there. It’s a stunning historic achievement that was perceived to be unattainable before the launching of the military operations.
In the wake of these laudable achievements that should have earned the appreciation and the pleasure of the West and United State now busy for about a decade in search of their arch enemy Osama Bin Laden with elephantine military paraphernalia. They have miserably failed. But it is blood boiling to see the British Prime minister Gordon Brown, demanding of Pakistan to hunt Osama and presumably had him over to America or Britain. These western countries, first of all, should hang their heads in shame for their complete failure in Afghanistan. Secondly they should exercise some semblance of modesty and restraint in asking Pakistan for doing something which they couldn’t do themselves. Also, they should treat Pakistan with respect and stop treating it as a bounty killer. It’s easy to pass on the muck on to Pakistan for their own miserable failures in subduing or defeating Taliban and Al-Qaida. Pakistan unfortunately is caught in the web of the regional conflict as a guinea pig.
America’s decision to send additional troops in Afghanistan would predictably backfire. The NATO is already fighting a lost war. Karzai and his rag tag army do not have the potential or the prowess to withstand the ferocious forays of the militants. Even with a million troops the tide cannot be turned in favor of the occupation army. The West cannot throw an nuclear bomb on Afghanistan as was done on two cities of Japan, during the Second World War, because the loss would be collateral. The atomic disaster cannot be contained to Afghanistan only. Moreover, it would be a sheer lunacy to destroy the other countries because of the presence of bands of hostile miscreants.
The efforts and strategy of the main stakeholder America should be directed towards getting out of Afghanistan as soon as possible. This wild goose chase type of war is entailing heavy monetary and human losses for America and her allies for the goals that have lost their utility and of late look counterproductive. Although such a withdrawal is overdue, yet still there is a reasonable margin of time for NATO to get out of Afghanistan.
America and the self conceited West can win back Afghanistan and the friendship of its people if instead of war, an urgent and gigantic rehabilitation and reconstruction plan is launched there. America has turned the tables in her favor to a great extent in Iraq by taking up rehabilitation work. And look, the insurgency has almost died down there. In the wake of reconstruction efforts by America and the West, Iraq can look forward to new way of life, with attendant benefits of democracy and the model of new modern society. The same experiment can be replicated in Afghanistan. Mind it there is no other way: not at least the bloodshed or war mongering.
Indian and Pakistani Leadership - a Contrast
November 26, 2009
Indian and Pakistani Leadership - a Contrast
By Saeed Qureshi
Look at the momentous ovation and pageant welcome given in honor of the Indian minister Manmohan Singh on his official visit to the United States. It was for the first time even for President Barack Obama to capture the rare chance of learning the art of throwing a lavish state banquet to a foreign dignatory. I am from Pakistan but I am proud that there is a leader from the Sub-continent who has been accorded such an enormous reverence and magnificent hospitality.
Prime Minister Singh is an embodiment of humility and perhaps timidity but strong on virtues and principles. He is tiny and fragile in physique but a giant in character and conduct. His thumping welcome is not to Manmohan the individual, but to the towering prime minister of a country that has demonstrated itself as a shining model and praiseworthy example of a truly democratic dispensation in the third world.
Since her birth, India is steadfastly embarked upon the democratic course thanks to the vision of its forefathers as well as the sagacity, patriotism dedication and self denial of its subsequent leadership. India presents the spectacle of a green oasis in the wilderness of third world countries that are plagued by self serving authoritarian outfits: military, monarchical or sham democracies. In India not for one day was the martial law imposed, save the emergency clamped by late Indira Gandhi for which she had to pay a heavy price in losing the elections in 1977.
It all boils down to a leadership committed to uphold the banner of national dignity and glory. India has been rapidly marching towards a well chosen goal of joining the rank of developed countries. Indian economic advancement has been remarkable and rather spell-binding. For a country of over a billion teeming population, India is not only self sufficient in food and feeding all of them but amazingly exporting agricultural produce to other countries including the neighboring Pakistan. India is vying with the technologically developed countries in innovations and breath- taking research in all fields of knowledge. Its computer technology is fast approaching a level where it would be able to compete with China, Japan and other advanced countries.
The glittering hallmark of Indian democratic federation is its unity and national cohesion despite countless castes, denominations, races and regions. This is the boon of democracy that keeps open the venues for freedom of expression and the decision making in accordance with the feelings and aspirations of the people. Indian leadership considers itself not as a master but the servant of its people. No doubt, the United States and the entire West bristles with abiding democratic culture yet India with the largest democracy, by virtue of its population, has a definite edge and lead over all democracies. The other democracies are well entrenched because they have been on a democratic course for centuries. Yet India deserves laurels for being so new and so well established a democracy.
Pakistan, my country, a counterpart of India in attaining freedom from the British colonial rule in 1947, remained under the military yoke for almost half of its emergence as a state. The political anarchy engulfing Pakistan since beginning is the dirty work of Pakistani politicians that not only lack vision and foresight but a genuine inclination to sow and nurture the democratic culture. A nascent country had fallen prey to the loathsome machinations of the civil and military bureaucracy at the very start of a national journey. If it was God’s will to impose a degenerate governor general Ghulam Muhammad on an Islamic state then why do we pray day in and day out for the salvation of Pakistan and its people. God never did that because he does not soil his hands in human poltical affairs.
The poltical thugs, instead of nation and institution building, frittered away their energies on power grabbing and mutual browbeating. Horribly, the foul feudal system is still intact in Pakistan while it was buried in India immediately after the independence. The sanctity of the constitution and its true applicability is still a subject of controversy in Pakistan. The constitution was put in place in India in January 1950.
Pakistan’s constitutional voyage and the functioning of democracy have been on a bandwagon running on bumpy and rough terrain. Even the duly elected leaders fell to the temptation of acting as powerful autocrats. The short spells of democratic dispensations degenerated into feuds between the parties in power and those in opposition. A healthy tradition of promoting democratic values by dissent was seldom practiced. That poltical bellicosity or anarchy would consequently pave way for the military to step in, with the contending politicians supporting or opposing the army rule.
The separation of East Pakistan, a horrific catastrophe or national tragedy was brought about by a combine of unwise politicians and the adventurous army generals. And woefully, no lessons were learnt after the truncation of Pakistan. Democracy, national unity and development remain a far cry to this day.
I shudder to compare Asif Zardari with either the president of India or the prime minister. In Indian parliamentary democracy, the president is a figurehead; in Pakistan, while the president is like a dictator, the prime minister is a lame duck protégé of the president. President Zardari is armed with powers of Saddam Hussain of Iraq, Marshall Tito of Yugoslavia or North Korea’s Kim Jong Ill and to a lesser degree of Hosni Mubarak of Egypt. And still he has the temerity to claim that he has taken revenge of Benazir Bhutto’s murder by democratizing Pakistan. If this is democracy what could be authoritarianism.
In Indian democracy the powers vest with the prime minster, in Pakistan these are with the president. So the comparison should be between the president of Pakistan and the prime minister of India. But in all fairness it should be a contrast and not a comparison. While the president of Pakistan is notorious for insatiate lust of money and repository of heaps of ill-gotten wealth stashed abroad, Manmohan has no such nefarious laurels. Zardari represents no one. He jumped into the bandwagon of power because of the murder of his wife. Manmohan spent his life time in serving his people with matchless selflessness.
Pakistan is steeped into an aggravating mire of lawlessness and a malignant socio- economic and civic mess. It’s a favorite target for the brazen exploitation of national wealth by a shameless coalition of hardened robbers in the garb of leaders. Even a mediocre leadership would have been a solace to the repeatedly bludgeoned and swindled people of Pakistan. But here is a kind of coterie that abhors decency and fair-play. There is an encompassing sway of all problems, one can think of, bedeviling the lives of the citizens of Pakistan. A rudderless ship being steered and carried away by the Caribbean pirates is what Pakistan looks like today. On the other side of the isle, the opposition is too atrophied. There is no leader with courage or conviction or clean slate that can inspire people with an alternative yet viable way-out of this lingering and deepening quagmire.
Accountability is an anathema to the ruling and the elitist classes. It is either covered under the dirty rug of such abominable laws as NRO or manipulated in favor of the already overly privileged and powerful sections of society. Religious zealots, the corporate thugs and the dehumanizing institions of feudalism, tribalism, and local lords mock the state sovereignty by posing as a state within the state. And on top of this entire abyss, Pakistan is treated to be a mercenary country, a hireling to accomplish the dirty jobs for a price.
Leaders like Musharraf are on record of claiming money for picking up its own citizens to be tried and sentenced abroad. Pakistan has nuclear bomb but merely bombs cannot fill the empty bellies of the people dying of hunger and starvation and impoverishment and sub human conditions. Religion ought to be protected but poor and debilitated nations cannot even protect their faith: example Muslims of Spain.
I shall not proceed further to portray this contrast lest I run the risk of being dubbed as an outcast and a renegade because such decrees are thrown by hypocritical clowns, at dissident patriots at the drop of the hat. But I strongly feel that there is no harm in saying truth and exposing the parasites and the robber barons, the exploiters and all those who mutilated Pakistan and are still doing it. Pakistan is in a trauma and needs urgent resuscitation. Who will do this emergency treatment can be anybody’s guess.
Crowning of a Crony President
November 22, 2009
Crowning of a Crony President
By Saeed Qureshi
Despite his umpteen follies, and in the face of a bogus election façade, Hamid Karzai has against assumed the presidency in Kabul. The degeneracy of a poltical system is manifest in the exigent way this most mind boggling anti- democratic feat was surmounted with the explicit blessing of America. If this is the color of the democracy America wants the occupied lands to paint with, then better we bury the pious platitudes of turning the world into an abode of legitimate governance. “That was the lesser evil and the only viable way-out”, argue the proponents of such a horrifying joke with the franchise of the people.
Nevertheless, it is vile and would remain a moral baggage for the overseas torch bearers of democratic orders and representative dispensations. Hamid Karzai is an outright stooge and a declared puppet of America. He is an incompetent, sluggish person imposed for the second term on a fractious and bleeding country that desperately needs veritable healers. Instead of messiahs this god forsaken country has a senseless crony who has no moral and poltical credentials to stay for another term as president.
At his swearing-in-ceremony, the birds of the same flock were visible with their backlog of unlovely deeds. Here was, Attired in Sindhi costumes, Pakistan’s president Asif Ali Zardari exuding the stubborn notoriety that he shares with his counterpart in Kabul? And no less a luminary than the American secretary of state was also present to bless and authenticate the American approval of a ceremony that was a blatant insult to humanity and civilized world at large. There is another Pol Pot or Chiang Kai-Shek or a Suharto to preside over a god damned country, fast turning into a graveyard. So much for the, sovereignty and democratic genre of a state trampled under the jackboots of the powerful west!
Since the Second World War, United States has been involved in internecine wars in various parts of the world; the latest being fought in Iraq and Afghanistan. The history of the last six decades, after the Second World War, bears out the sordid fact that United States always propped up pliant dictators or phony democratic dispensations against the popular leaders, for docile cronyism. In Pakistan too, it was first General Ziaul Haq, followed by General Mushrraf and now the alter ego of Musharraf in the grab of Asif Zardari. Let us leave the other American camp followers of the past or the present.
For obvious reasons it is utterly impossible for Karzai to survive even for a day after the exit of American or NATO forces. Keeping in view the nature of the fighting, it’s forgone that sooner than later the occupation armies will have to quit Afghanistan. With their departure Karzai will have to also say goodbye to his motherland. But if it was not Karzai to serve the west, it could have been someone else to play the same mercenary role. Karzai is just a symbol of cronyism that survives as long its promoters remain on the stage. The people like Karzai may not be blamed for their despicable surrogate role. Such individuals are the product of circumstances and vanish after they have played their part as promoters of foreign agendas.
The foreign occupation of Afghan starting with the Soviet forces in 1979 has cost this country of unique landscape and rugged beauty, roughly 2 million human casualties: the material destruction apart. It would take decades before the Afghan society comes out of a lingering trauma, the agonizing paranoid and the disastrous reflections of a war imposed by the mighty powers in pursuit of their blighted agendas aimed at coveting the resource rich lands.
With a pacifist Obama at the helm in America, there are strong indications to hope that United States, with the apron string of NATO, would get rid of this futile war in the near future. America and the west should stop worrying as to how Afghanistan would look like after they beat a retreat. If the main objective is to annihilate Taliban and al-Qaida, then let this task be handled by the Afghan themselves. Pakistan’s example is instructive where Taliban and Al-Qaida are on the run.
In the similar fashion, America can provide military and economic aid to the anti militants forces in Afghanistan by keeping herself aloof. That would be the pragmatic strategy with bright chances to bear fruit. The powerful west must seize this cardinal lesson that those times are over when occupation armies would stay on a conquered land for ages. America can befriend Afghanistan, if it wants to, even without the display if its military muscle and without embarking on military adventures that have lost their luster and utility in a world transforming into the so called global village. In the modern times, the reckless and unprovoked military adventures for occupation , in fact, tarnish the image of the occupiers.
Clock is ticking for President Zardari
November 6, 2009
Clock is ticking for President Zardari
By Saeed Qureshi
“The higher you go the steeper you fall” goes the adage. It is so appropriately relevant to President Asif Ali Zardari who, not long ago, took the reins of Pakistan’s presidency. His Achilles Heel is his propensity for lying. He lied so many times and reneged on his solemn commitments so daringly that now his sincere promises may be taken as the outcries of the proverbial shepherd who cried wolf when it was not there. When it actually came no one came to his rescue because the villagers thought that it was yet another of his gimmicks.
Zardari is abundantly cunning, overly indiscreet or ambivalent, that he takes the whole nation including the politicians as midgets who could be leisurely bluffed time and again. He has lost the bus that could have secured his journey to a destination for a few years ‘vacationing. But perhaps while he is a crafty manipulator and a rank liar, he is not essentially a politician. He is a shrewd businessman man but he missed the cardinal point that politics is not all business. I like his broad grin and audacious face. Beyond that he leaves a phony portrait.
After all these years of incarceration, exiles, tribulations and vituperation of his person, even a devil should, with such prestigious position as the president of country, turn as pious as a Jesus reborn. Instead he chose to be a trickster reincarnate. Now what stopped him from shedding such extra baggage as the 17th amendment or the 58-2-B abomination? And mercifully he so categorically took it upon himself to revive the parliamentary democracy in Pakistan after a decade’s military rule by surrendering his powers to the prime minister within 24 hours of taking over as the president. He could have laundered his past sins and redeemed his wrong doings in more than one ways. He could have been content with the position of the party chairman or that of the head of the state. Had he done this well in time, he could have created an honorable niche for himself, notwithstanding how much wealth he stashed in foreign banks or concealed somewhere else.
But with the decision to take the NRO to the parliament first and then withdraw it in a humiliating hast for fear of not having enough parliamentary support, makes his government look as an outfit of clowns springing one dreary trick after another. Now the re-examination of NRO by the courts, whose outcome is as unpredictable as exploring the unknown, is staring in Zardari’s and other pardoned cohorts’ face. In the meantime, he has alienated his poltical allies and has been keeping the coalition partners in waiting for the undertakings he pledged to fulfill. ANP is waiting for the NWFP to be renamed as Pakhtunkhawa; the PMLN is sitting with its fingers crossed to see the charter of democracy to be shored up, while some of the hardcore fans of Bhutto clan want the murderers of Benazir Bhutto to be caught and prosecuted.
President Zardari, after his advent into the presidential mansion, so conveniently forgot all crucial issues as if these never existed and the uproar of the poltical counterparts was a cry in the wilderness or a kind of poltical blackmailing that he was trying to thwart. His cronies in the government have no shame in pleading his elephantine deviousness and deception that has remained his only dubious hallmark ever since he assumed the powerful presidency as a windfall prize or by default.
He could have demonstrated as to how he differed from his military predecessor president general Pervez Mushrraf. He could have atoned for his murky and tainted past. But with a genetic propensity to go on the wrong side of history, he has marred his future which can be as bleak and uncertain as one may conjecture. The latest deals of land in his and his son’s name eloquently reveal the mindset of a person who was more prone and seized of using his powerful position to buy the precious land for pennies. This looks more diabolic when weighed against the studied indifference he apportioned to the most critical and pressing issues of the country.
Mr. Zardari seems to have played his game. It is difficult to guess if the latest spate of his meetings with his estranged partners in government would help restore his deviant image and he would be able to again feel robust and confident as he has been in the first few months after becoming the president. But this is the opportune time for the apprehensive allies to demand their pound of flesh. But in the wake of the NRO to be reexamined and adjudicated by the judiciary, there should be only a lukewarm spirit of kinship and camaraderie between the PPP and the coalition parties that abounded in the early honey moon period.
If president Zardari manages to regain the support and sympathy of his allies, it would be accomplished at a huge and heavy cost. This time the stakes would be much higher from the coalition partners. In a scenario of dwindling fortunes, it is debatable and doubtful if Zardari despite his powerful presidency would be able to translate all his promises into reality.
Momentarily, the best way out for him is to relieve himself of the onerous burden of draconian 58/ 2-B, move speedily to revive the 1973 constitution and take one of the hats off his head: either remain the party chairman or else the president of Pakistan. If he does so he might still get some credit. But still the Sword of NRO and its judicial outcome would keep hanging over his head. If he is charged he loses the presidency. If he goes to jail, he loses the party’s lordship as well.
Tuesday, October 27, 2009
The Proxy War by Pakistan
October 26,2009
By Saeed Qureshi
Pakistan has been fighting America’s proxy war in Afghanistan and lately in Pakistan for almost 30 years. This war started with the deployment of Soviet army in Afghanistan in December 1979. Although the Soviet Union withdrew its army from Afghanistan 8 years later, America has been involved in Afghanistan even after that. Subsequent military engagements of American forces with Taliban and al-Qaida including the route of Taliban by the NATO and North Alliance militants continue to this day. Pakistan has been with America all along in these conflicts. The only difference between now and the past is that Pakistan is presently fighting this proxy war in its own territory against Taliban and Al-Qaida.
The humiliating exit of the Soviet army from Afghanistan, also led America to wind up its military operations and terminate its presence there , leaving that blood-soaked country to the mutual fighting of the tribal chiefs, each vying for the throne of Kabul. But the unkindest cut was inflicted upon Pakistan- its sacrifices and historic support was repaid by imposing Pressler Amendment. In consequence of Pressler Amendment President George H. W. Bush after determining in October 1989 that Pakistan had developed a nuclear weapon, cut off aid and many commercial relations with Pakistan.
Who knows, if Pakistan army is able to clear its territory of Taliban and al-Qaida insurgents; another “Pressler Amendment” may be hurled on Pakistan once again. The Kerry-Lugar Bill and the undertones of American military aid is pregnant with some semblance of mild Pressler condionalities. Only time will bear out if the United States’ claims for long term strategic relationship with Pakistan stand the test of time.
As to why Pakistan is the only country fond of or submitting to waging proxy wars for other countries is a mind boggling question. Why this ignoble practice was never thought to be called off? Why Pakistan gets entangled in internecine, interminable, bloodletting wars of others and its leadership willingly accepts the role of a pawn or mercenary without any threat to its own integrity? In the case of actual threat from across the border, United States in the past, balked with stubborn indifference. One of the cardinal reasons for Pakistan’ backwardness and regression is this country’s readiness to be a part of conflicts that hardly concern it. Pakistan has been promoting foreign agendas at the cost of its own self-esteem and sovereignty. It has been in the habit of turning into an ally of United States not on honorable terms but with a defeatist and submissive mindset.
Unlike Bush, the Obama administration is relatively, benign towards Pakistan. But in equal measure or disproportionately, Zardari government is overly pliant towards America in comparison to his predecessor Pervez Musharraf. He is ready to deliver on American terms any task assigned to his government. Hence the full fledged onslaught in South Waziristan that president Musharraf has been stalling during his tenure. Zardari’s no holds barred mercenary role for America is a compulsion that he has to fulfill anyway. There is a noose around his neck of copious crimes, covered under NRO. If he dithers or shows his disinclination in playing the role he is told to play, the noose will be tightened around his neck. Moreover, empowered with unprecedented elephantine powers, a yester years’ gaol bird is not willing to relinquish his fiat being supported by the foreign stake-holders. Unless s situation akin to falling of heaven happens, president Zardari would go to any extent to keep Americans in good humor. The victory in Swat and the ongoing military offensive in South Waziristan, if successful, would lend exceptional confidence and clout to president Zardari for retaining the egregious presidential powers as long as he can.
Pakistan is definitely in a civil war situation. What Al-Qaida and the religious fanatics did for USA in 90s, is being reenacted by the Pakistan army now. The Frankenstein of Taliban and al-Qaida is not going to be vanquished or at least defeated so soon. The region comprising Afghanistan and Pakistan and the tribal belt in between would keep burning in the war flames that cannot be doused for a long time to come. So the Pakistan army is in for a long drawn counter-insurgency operations that might exhaust it in due course a la the American forces that fought a similar war in Iraq. But supposedly even if it succeeds in annihilating the insurgents, the disastrous socio-economic fallout cannot be contained so soon.
Although Americans are sounding to stay in Afghanistan for a long time the possibility of indefinite presence of NATO in Afghanistan is remote. Even if Pakistan army overpowers the insurgents in Tribal regions, the war cannot come to end in a similar fashion in Afghanistan. Predictably when the tide starts turning against the Taliban and other militants in Pakistani territory, these elements would move to Afghanistan, a much vast land to carry on their anti NATO insurgency as long as they want. Pakistani forces cannot cross over to Afghanistan to help NATO to browbeat the insurgents there.
There is yet another possibility that once the anti Americans insurgents and militants are subdued by Pakistan, NATO and US would lift their anchors and leave the area as they did after the defeat and retreat of the Soviet Union army from Afghanistan. Or America may entirely concentrate on Afghanistan and may even lose interest in continuing her military and economic aid to Pakistan. Americans are known for abandoning their commitments half way after the needful is done or the mercenary countries finish their hireling’s job.
On the domestic turf, President Zardari and Nawaz Sharif have met presumably to bring about a thaw in their chilly and fractious relationship. It’s difficult to conjecture whether they would be able to forge a fresh durable alliance. But understandably, Nawaz Sharif like a bitten man would not like to be bitten for the second time. Perceiving that NRO was going to be debated in the parliament, the Kerry Lugar bill turning out to be an irksome irritant, the South Waziristan war going to be a long haul and the growing disenchantment of the people with the incumbent government, Nawaz Sharif will keep on aggressively pressing for the implementation of the several accords that he reached with Zardari.
President Zardari might agree to the PMLN’S demands for the trial of former president Musharraf and might even dispense with some of the controversial injunctions in the constitution. But he would further erode his credibility if he again reneges on his commitments. The glaring fact is that it would be pretty difficult for the PPP coalition government to keep their solo flight in power without PMLN which is the second largest party in Pakistan. The NRO issue is certainly very tricky and even if it is approved by the Assembly and the Senate, it would still leave the government in a clumsy situation. Any government surviving under the questionable cover up of amnesty granted by an individual for keeping himself in the power saddle, cannot claim to be firm on moral grounds. Moreover, the Supreme Court still retains the prerogative to overturn or reject or reinterpret the parliamentarians’ approval or disapproval of the NRO. This murky climate might force midterm general elections.
MQM’s New Political Initiatives
September 20, 2009
MQM’s New Political Initiatives
By Saeed Qureshi
Happily, Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM) is spreading its political tentacles beyond its power base of Urban Sindh. It is making its entry into Punjab, a stronghold of Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) and also the bastion of the quisling Punjabi feudals and big landlords. There are already signs of panic and commotion not only among the hereditary and traditional political circles but also in the landed gentry that perceives in MQM a political force, committed to remove the vestiges of family based politics.
There are reverberations in the hegemonic political dynasties of the well entrenched aristocratic classes that have been surviving on a virtual tutelage over the landless tillers and impoverished urban slum dogs. The lecherous sway of the blood sucking dominant sections of Punjab seem to be threatened by MQM”s overtures of broadening its political base in other parts of Pakistan which were practically sort of no go areas for this party composed of mostly middle and lower middle yet conscientious and educated work force.
It is stunning to watch MQM”s announcement to contest the elections for the Gilgit Baltistan legislative assembly, scheduled for November 15. It has thrown 19 candidates into the election arena. In between Karachi and Gilgit, lies the entire territory of Pakistan. It means that for proliferating its political ambitions or mandate, MQM has covered the entire country. The gaps and the gray areas yet to be covered in between, must be on the express and eventual agenda of MQM.
The MQM’s thrust into the rest of Pakistan and its endeavors at breaking its regional barriers augurs an auspicious development for Pakistan’s politics which thus far remained hostage to the closely guarded legacy of the nexus between the feudalism, civil and military bureaucracy and big wigs of mercantile empire. The MQM cadres are resolute and are unflinchingly rallied behind their leader Altaf Hussain. They have demonstrated a monolithic unity and exemplary cohesion all these years. They are immune from the fear of making sacrifices for the ideals that they steadfastly stand for.
In the preceding years, the image of the MQM largely has been to be an ethnic party. The doubts were cast over its loyalty to Pakistan and its alleged linkage with India. Some of the speeches of the firebrand Altaf Hussain also fueled such apprehensions that he was out to truncate Pakistan and that plans were afoot for the Urban Sindh to rejoin the Indian federation. The Jinnahpur conspiracy was entirely attributed to MQM. The time has proven that all such allegations and rumours were part of a disinformation campaign The statements or the speeches of Altaf Hussain were merely a spontaneous outburst in retaliation to the maltreatment to the MQM members at some juncture in the past.
The MQM’s remarkable demonstration of nation building work in Karachi stands in good stead for it. It has with absolute honesty and attention reoriented and expanded the much needed roads and highway network in Karachi. It has laid down the sewage system, ensured sustained supply of water and have performed similar civic milestones to ease the lives of the citizens. It was always in the lead in rushing for helping the afflicted people from natural calamities such as 2005 earthquakes or man-made chaos such as in Swat.
Now when MQM wants to be a part of national political ethos, all such incriminations should be set aside. In fact the stagnant or degenerate Poltical culture prevailing in Pakistan needs vibrant political forces as the MQM, to join the mainstream political spectrum. This would be a welcome turning point in many ways. The MQM would be able to come out of the much trumped up cocoon of parochialism, ethnicity, and regionalism, linguistic or provincial entity. MQM should be more patriotic because the migrants suffered immensely in all manners at the time of partition of the Indian sub-continent The Mohajars or the migrants could have lived in India like other Muslims but these valorous people imbued with the undying spirit to live in the newly created Islamic independent state of Pakistan, crossed a sea of blood to reach this new land. So despite their being originally from a different part of undivided India, they have thoroughly justified their right and privilege to be the real Pakistanis.
It’s not the sacrosanct right of the already settled people to exclusively call themselves the real or patriotic citizens of Pakistan. Although Pakistan geographically happens to be carved on their lands, yet the country belongs to all: whether migrants or the natives. Ironically, as the history bears out, the feudals and land barons in the West Pakistan were not vociferously committed to the creation of Pakistan. But even if they supported the independence movement their only aim was self aggrandizement and to enjoy and secure the ownership of the vast tracts of lands bestowed upon them by the British colonial masters for serving their imperialistic interests in the Indian subcontinent. They were and still are the local tyrants over the powerless and the impoverished population.
So MQM would be a befitting and uncompromising bulwark against the privileged landed gentry, besides other vested interests that have been parasitic and odious agents of status quo. The grand and coveted dream of Pakistan to be a state with the shining hallmarks such as social justice, equality egalitarianism, accountability and clean and effective governance can be realized if political parties such as MQM join hands with other poltical forces at national level and steer Pakistan out of the quagmire this country is steeped in. The unholy alliance between exploitative and unduly privileged classes in Pakistani society can be effectively dented and debilitated provided the forces from the middle class and grass root sections, emerge on the national horizon, capture power and initiate a war to cleanse the society of the self perpetuating, blood sucking sections thriving on the miseries and agonies of the vast majority of the people of Pakistan. The clear demarcation between ‘haves’ and “haves not” has yet to be erased.
That can be done with clean governance and with rule of law and with a spirit of self denial. The spiritual, the economic exploitation of the disempowered masses and political monopolies have to end to carve out a glorious, honorable and prosperous Pakistan to emerge. Perhaps the hour for political parties with grass root orientation and mass appeal has come to deliver Pakistan from the chronic and unremitting multi-dimentional morass and perfidy it has been pushed into by a corrupt and degenerate system and by a pedigree of insidious politicians and parasitic privileged classes.
The task of MQM is going to be certainly daunting and apparently a long haul. To defeat and outflank the centuries old monstrosities and to eject the powerful feudals and their collaborators out of the power corridors is easy said than done. But as the proverb goes, “a thosuand miles long journey starts with the first small step.” It’s the people of Pakistan and downtrodden teeming masses who would definitely respond to the calls aimed at changing their miserable lot. The road to this pinnacle destination seems to be striven with fallen heroes and sacrifices by the torch bearers of change and revolution. But revolution will come and come it must: this is a lesson of history.
Army Rule not to be Ruled out
Upright Opinion
October 13, 2009
Army Rule not to be Ruled out
By Saeed Qureshi
The top brass of the Pakistan army is getting apprehensive of the policies of the ongoing PPP coalition government. The crucial decisions taken and directed from the presidency on matters of national import, without involvement of the parliament or on occasions the coalition partners and even the prime minister gives a farcical and sham image to the PPP led democratic governance. President Zardari is either purposely sidetracking the established democratic norms or is oblivious of the fundamental imperatives of parliamentary form of government. He has opted to remain physically cut off from the people as well as from his own PPP cadres within the party and in the government. He seems to have an irresistible penchant for foreign junkets that makes him look like an ambassador at large than the head of the state of Pakistan.
“Absolute power corrupts absolutely” is a dictum that is so relevant to the sitting government with a flamboyant president, wearing two feathers in his hat of power: chairman of the PPP and the head of the state with unprecedented powers. The windfall presidency that was bestowed upon him by a benign nature and also by the fast emerging combine of favorable developments makes Zardari as one of the highly enviable yet luckiest man on the planet earth.
But old habits die hard. He is a staunch believer in the philosophy that democracy is not an honorable system of government. He perceives parliamentarianism as a mob rule. That perception comes closer to fascism. It is presumably under this impression that he has arrogated to himself the exclusive distinction of being a past master in double speak, back-tracking from his solemn commitments and jugglery of unceasing tricks. Humans can be miserably devious and meanly dodging but a president of Pakistan who was catapulted from the status of a most maligned person to the highest office in the country is second to none in deception and chicanery.
The army is undergoing a spell of brain storming after the passage of the controversial Kerry Lugar Bill that tacitly berates the Pakistan army and fetters it in several vexatious conditions. In the Kerry-Lugar Bill, the Pakistan army looks like a guinea pig, while the sitting government goes scot free with a clean certificate. So the apprehensions are that there might have been deliberate attempts at some stage by some political or bureaucratic elements or even the Pakistan embassy in Washington DC, to add such stipulations that would keep the army under the thumb of the Pakistan government and America. The clause restraining the army not to interfere in judicial domain is patently, to forestall army’s replay of the pressure or persuasion exerted last year, on government to reinstate the sacked judges So if the political government once again deposes judges who supposedly might reactivate NRO landmine, the government should have the powers to sack them and replace them with her favorites.
The latest attack on army headquarters by a group of dare devil gun totting infiltrators must have jolted the military bureaucracy to ponder as to how such an improbable event could happen. The army must be scurrying to put its act together by scanning and sprucing up its organization. But it was not an ordinary incident that should not warrant any serious attention. In this process the army might like to renew its assertion vis-a-vis a dysfunctional political outfit to avert such ignominious pitfalls and appalling flaws for the future.
The impression might be gaining currency in the army’s hierarchy that while it was fighting an epic war against the militants in various hot spots of Pakistan, the political government was on the move to clip its wings via Kerry Lugar Bill. The Army feels that it deserves a pat on the back and due appreciation by the government trying to liberate Pakistan from the ruthless conservatism of the Taliban that was more inhuman that being Islamic. Ostensibly Pakistan’s army’s war in the tribal regions and northern valleys was more a dire need of America than Pakistan. So Pakistan army should be given a free hand and a strong impetus to carry on its anti- insurgency mission than projecting it as interventionist in the domestic affairs.
The widespread public unrest and woes due to appalling civic and social problems and poor governance cannot be ignored by the army that had surged as a savior in the turbulent times for Pakistan. The PPP government’s foot dragging even on registering an FIR of Benazir’s murder, the unfulfilled pledges for prevalence of parliamentary democracy, the wanton statements issued by the president cutting across the national interests, the squander of public funds, and a casual and regal way of governing the country might create a justification for the army, howsoever, untenable to renter power corridors. If the cleavage of mistrust keeps widening due to government’s back stabbing of the army as is done in Kerry Lugar Bill, it would again be the army having the last laugh. That would be a benighted day for Pakistan if fifth martial law comes to Pakistan due to politicians’ black deeds. But who can stop the inevitable?
For USA, it hardly matters if the country is run by a discredited political cabal or by the army. They want to see the job accomplished. They want desired results in the troubled areas infested by Al-Qaida and Taliban. Burma has been under a military rule for ages and no one minds that seriously. If again, military takes over power in Pakistan; America wouldn’t blink the eyes if the task of chasing Al-Qaida and Taliban to their ultimate annihilation continues unhindered. If it happens, then this time, the martial law won’t be as a benign as was that of Pervez Mushrraf. It would spell doom for the politicians and for sleazy rulers in shape of the nemesis that any army is perfectly capable of delivering. Countless heads would roll.
The Battle in GHQ
Upright Opinion
October 11, 2009
The Pakistani electronic media is heaping accolades and all possible laurels on Pakistan army for flushing out the terrorists that barged, on October 9, into the General Headquarters of the Pakistan army located at the very heart of the Rawalpindi city. The media is going out of the way to project as if the victory or in simple terms the overpowering of the attackers was to save Islam and Pakistan. The media is trumpeting the battle in GHQ as an exceptional heroic deed that was unsurpassed in terms of the valor and marvelous planning of the army “Jawans (young soldiers). The media projection gave an impression as if a new war has started between India and Pakistan that ended with a stunning and humiliating defeat to the enemy.
This hyperbolic description of a local clash by the media is as amusing and shocking as to be seen in third rate thrill movies showing quick fix feats by an all powerful hero. The passion-generating national war time lyrics were played incessantly with loud calls of Salam to Pak army along with the expression of abiding gratitude of Pakistani nation to these invincible warriors for thwarting the nefarious attempts of the enemies to harm Islam and Pakistan. Such was the ludicrous cacophony and hype of the electronic media with Geo leading this overly bizarre publicity blitz.
There were less than a dozen individuals who stormed the well- fortified garrison of Pakistan army and held hostage more than three dozen both uniformed and civilian persons. In the bloody clash 6 precious lives from the army with a brigadier and a Lt.Colonel were lost. Now admittedly, this was a daring and brazen surprise attack by the infiltrators on the heavily cordoned Headquarters of Pakistan army. On the very face such a desperate foray looked impossible. But it did happen.
Why don’t we look at the whole sordid event from a different angle? Was it a lapse on the part of Pakistan army and its intelligence network that a few individuals picked up the courage to wear the military uniforms, come closer to one of the gates and force their way into the interior of the garrison? Secondly, it took more than 18 hours for the elite troops and police to overcome the dogged terrorists. Backed by a conducive environment for easy movement, maneuverability and logistic support, it should not have taken for the highly trained troops to storm and dislodge the holed-up terrorists. This long and inordinate delay can be interpreted as extreme caution to judge the situation, fatigue the attackers and to save the lives of the held-up hostages. Still it was very long time to launch an assault which finally came and in the wake three innocent hostages died too.
That the Headquarters of the army can be so vulnerable as to come under a well coordinated terrorist attack is a yawning question that stares right in the face of all the high ups and top command of the Pakistan army. Was it a jay walk by the miscreants and armed brigands that they came so close to the entry gate and started strafing the check post inmates after brief altercation?
\Why the media was straining and bending over backward to make it out like Waterloo? The sacrifices of the six army jawans was the result of the ambush by the assailants and there was, understandably, no duel that took place. It is indeed a sober moment for introspection and reflection to explore how and why, in the first instance; the terrorists were able to break into into the boundary wall or through the gate of this huge complex of buildings?
Even a police contingent could have finally prevailed over this small group of terrorists within the same amount of time that the strong and rigorously trained army Jawans took. The terrorists were able to jolt the entire country and catch, the valiant and staunch Pakistan army, unawares with their shock emitting onslaught. And that was exactly their insidious motive.
The army should mount a speedy enquiry to find out the possibility of the inside collaborators of this most heinous and vicious attack on GHQ. This flabegausing happening gives a clear and loud message that the enemies of Pakistan were well organized and have long arms, resources and tactical information to hold even the headquarters of the Pakistan army, be it for a day.
The debate that it was a reaction to the army’s operations in the tribal regions of Pakistan, is hardly relevant to justify the laxity and army’s intelligence wings’ utter failure to anticipate and preempt such deadly and stunning acts of terrorism. There is no need for the media to unnecessary highlight and blow the counter operation of the army out of proportions, which in any case the army had to undertake. The army’s killing of the terrorists was foregone and the therefore, it was a normal counter offensive by the army to dislodge the infiltrators.
But still the stand-off and the consequent but prolonged operation should be looked at more in the nature of a lapse rather than a monumental feat of gallantry in the name of Islam. The bare fact is that it was neither an attack by the terrorists for Islam nor was a counter-operation by the army to save Islam. So to mention paradise and prophet receiving the Ghazis (martyred for Islam) in paradise seems irrelevant to the battle in GHQ.
It’s time to ponder what has gone wrong with the Pakistan army, to plug the loop holes in its citadel and to take a new look at its overall turn-out and flawed intelligence paraphernalia.
Monday, October 5, 2009
The Fuss over Kerry-Lugar Bill
The Fuss over Kerry-Lugar Bill
By Saeed Qureshi
Why there is so much fuss over Kerry-Lugar Bill? In media and elsewhere, the dark and damning ramifications of this bill are being weighed against the sovereignty and national honor of Pakistan. Ironically, if the bill had not been approved, there would have been a horrendous outcry and this would have been interpreted as a failure of an unpopular government. So the people are never happy: one way or the other. There was a long wait with prying eyes for this bill to see the light of day and when finally it has been processed, an adverse backlash is unleashed against it.
There is nothing wrong with Kerry Lugar. Rather it is a timely help and a blessing in disguise. It’s an aid package that is essentially different from all such previous aid baskets. It is drastically toned down in its language and contents. The periodic certification by the Secretary of State about the satisfactory performance of Pakistan is not a big deal. If America is giving so much of money to Pakistan, doesn’t she have a right to ask how this money was being spent and was it expended on the stipulated targets?
Suppose what could have been Pakistan’s plight, if it was under attack by the radical religious outfits and there was no one around to help? Without enough financial resources the whole of Pakistan would have come under the murderous sway of Taliban. Like Swat or Afghanistan under Taliban, in the Islamic state of Pakistan too, the hands of the thieves would be chopped off and the women folk s to be whipped in public. The schools of the girls would be closed, the modern information and music gadgets smashed, the shop owners beheaded and the traders of such businesses hanged in squares or deprived of one of their body limbs.
This is not an imaginary fearsome scenario or a mere macabre fantasy. It would have been a sordid fact of life as we have seen, in not too distant past, such gory situations, prevailing in Afghanistan and a part of Pakistan. The unrelenting armed clashes between the frenzied religious militants and the Pakistan army would be a foregone outcome. The army has its limits of fighting. It would be worn down by interminable skirmishes with the hit and run shooters, spread all over Pakistan.
Jamat-e-Islami and other religio-political parties that oppose cooperation between United States cooperation are deceitful and backdoor friends of America. When, at the behest of the West, they were mobilizing the whole Islamic world to fight, against the Soviet occupation in Afghanistan, they had no such hiccups for Islam and integrity of Pakistan. Now when they are out of that mercenary and henchman’s game, they see a smelling rat in Pakistan’s collaboration with the United States.
Pakistan all along, has never been, in an unenviable position. Thanks to the lack of visionary, courage and patriotic leadership, Pakistan never rose above the flak of being a corny of the United States. Unfortunately, the impression of subservience and toadyism that remained tagged with Pakistan in relation to America has seldom been erased. The mutual relations between the two countries have generally remained clouded by suspicion and love-hate syndrome.
But viewing the current mode and tenure of relationship between America and Pakistan, it is safer to infer that, of late, United States seems to be treating Pakistan as a trusted ally and the misconceptions of the past appear to be evaporating. This is not to say that the future relations would also remain cast in the same mold. With the stunning victory that Pakistan has scored against the Taliban in northern valleys, the level of American trust with regard to Pakistan has risen.
The situation in Afghanistan is getting worse with the time passage. The casualties of the NATO forces and those of American troops are on the rise. If Pakistan can rein in or check the Taliban and Al-Qaida’s insurgency in the tribal belt bordering on Afghanistan then Pakistan would further conclusively establish its credibility as an effective counter-poise against the radical militants. If areas such as North and South Waziristan are cleared of Taliban and other similar fanatics then America would be left with no tenable reason to blame Pakistan for duplicity or charade against Taliban and their protégé Al-Qaida. That was an accusation against former president Mushrraf for running with the hare and hunting with the hound.
There is an amazing development for a possible thaw between Pakistan and belligerent Taliban. Maulana Fazalur Rehman the chief of JUI, a religio-political political party has made an offer to make peace between Taliban and Pakistan. If that happens and if a process of pacification between Taliban and Pakistan is set in motion, Pakistan as well as United States would be utterly redeemed and spared from a calamity.
Those elements in Pakistan who plead antagonizing America forget the case of Libya. Libya under revolutionary Qaddafi had to pay a very heavy price for posing herself as a bulwark against the western imperialism. It was declared as a pariah state and remained cut off with the rest of the world for pretty two decades. Iraq is another example. Pakistan could have become another example of devastation and pillage by ruthless imperialist onslaught. The fundamental stark reality to comprehend is that the current times are in favor the technologically advanced and economically prosperous nations. Going against them is like going against the strong current in a stormy ocean.
The appeasement strategy of Zardari towards the friendly and hostile nations alike is rewarding both in the long and short terms. If we cannot act as the new-born revolutionaries nor have we the means to stand our ground, then the most prudent policy is to draw maximum benefit out of an intractable situation as the one Pakistan is currently faced with. Pakistan’s pressing problems are all internal. Poverty, illiteracy, lawlessness, unemployment, the upsurge of religious militancy, health, water, a downgraded social and civic life, the ineffectual governance, the institutional breakdown, the mediocrity of the politicians and lack of or slow economic development are the major issues that have to be addressed post haste.
If we want to prove ourselves as honorable and independent people then we have to first put our own house in order. The world is moving towards universal understanding. The ideological differences and divisions are the legacies of the past. Pakistan has to be peaceful and embark upon a rapid economic development revolutionary course. Only then can Pakistan unfetter itself from the bonds of external aid and concomitant condionalities attached to foreign largesse. | <urn:uuid:50227773-d8a4-47e6-aed1-6dfb445cb7db> | http://saeedqureshi42.blogspot.com/2009/ | en | 0.962644 | 0.055899 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Solar conversion pt.1
So to recap, when I got the van it had no coach electrics. The split charge solenoid had been replaced with a simple relay by the previous owner and this had died. The battery was completly flat.
I needed a system that could power a C60i fridge and deal with the split charging (thanks to others for this one). I decided to go for an all in one unit (Ctek D250SA). This went where the converter/mains charger once was. I ripped out the converter as all the mains voltage had come out of the van (due to multiple reasons).
Working out what I needed power wise without any experience was tricky. I found places saying 1w solar for 1L capacity (this might work on a sunny day in a nice climate but is way low for general use). Ran into people using the C60 with 100w solar that thought it was self sufficient. I figured double the 1w – 1L would work out but was still low.
For the solar panel I got an ebay ‘140w’ semi flexible panel and bonded it onto the roof with the recommended adhesives. The CTEK gave the advantage that the system even kept the starter battery topped up and the all in one solution gave proper charging and MPPT all in one.
This did not include monitoring of any kind and who needs it as long as your system always provides enough power! The problem of course when it doesn’t.
I had volt meters on both batteries (as part of USB charging) but doesn’t give you any indication of what the panels are doing and when you are heading into negative production.
I managed 3 days in a Spanish desert in high heat with no problems, but my panels were facing south and I could keep the tent vents open most of the day to keep the ambient temps down.
3 or 4 days in a festival in portugal and the fridge was cutting out. Lots of sun but parking meant I had to be parked East-West, there was lots of dust from a road meaning we had to keep the tent vents shut and dust got on the panels.
Where to go next was a problem. The shape of the panel was too long to get a second on the roof, so in the end I had a complete system change.
Early solar instal with cheap ebay panel in the background while I tried to salvage the roof hatch that had rusted through hinges.
A little review of the Winnebago Eurovan
A lot is said of the Winnebago eurovan and I want to address a few bits of it. There are a lot of things that I think Winnebago did well and lots which is not so good.
The gas (LPG) tank
The roof
-Much hated there is lots wrong but there are also some really good points.
-Canvas tent
Probably as much the age of the van as anything else but I really like having a canvas as opposed to a nylon tent. It’s the same with real tents, canvas is great because it breaths but awful because its heavy (if your hiking). Works better to me than a modern tent.
Windows in the canvas tent
I don’t know why no-one else seems to get this right. Big windows that open to reveal a mosquito net beneath. Van lights attract bugs, this seems like a no-brainier. Unfortunately if you look at lots of modern pop-top tents they dont have this instead having a useless see-through layer under the window (I suppose they allow light not wind but getting air in is also useful).
The 3 big windows are also surprisingly not common.
The roof vent also seems like a nice idea but poorly implemented. I looked to swap for another modern vent but they are all 100m high. The original one is more a sunroof type vent, no extra height and this is really important to me.
Yes, the actual plastic roof is poorly done. I remain unconvinced whether elevating only the van and not the cab is the best idea. Mine is craceds as many are. They don’t latch down nicely.
Insulation (or lack therof)
It seems there are some real differences between how the brits and the yanks build campervans. In the UK, insulating a van is something that is done first, everything has insulation. Aircon and heating? Much less common. Yanks seem to be the other way around. I was always planning on having a heater and it is seriously useful. My van actually has broken cab heating, so the rear heater is actually useful for warming the van up generally too!
The aircon has been a nightmare but at times really useful.
Build quality (or lack thereof)
The van is put together with metal self-tapping screws. No threaded inserts etc. If something is bolted through a surface then the bolt on the other side is not captive. If it goes through the floorpan, it takes two people to remove a bolt, one either side. No bolts have Mylar inserts when they should.
Lots of bolts have self tapping into plastic (heating vents etc) which just fails.
This really does follow the build section. The wiring additions are poorly done with no proper colour coding (black, green or purple are the colours). Tracing wiring is very diffult and mine isn’t wired as per the winnebago diagram (similar but clearly varied over the years slightly.
Off grid capability
The LPG tank is awesome. Can still travel on the Eurostar. Filling with gas is super cheap and lasts ages (even in winter). No issues with different bottles in other countries. If really going to need to top up abroad bring LPG adapters. Building an off-grid setup today, solar and compressor fridges are where most of us go but this wasn’t an option back then.
The tank is kind of dangerous today. Very easy to over fill even if you follow the (misleading) eurovan manual. Apparently there were warnings on the tank at one point. New tanks stop filling automatically, these old ones do not. I am not sure its possible to actually fill it up the way intended in a petrol station (involves opening an overflow valve). I watch the meter now (which I had to replace).
Easy to remove, sliding rock& roll bed! Hits a lot of points for flexibility, even if its not the best implemented in the world. I didn’t realise until I had the van that the bed just rolls forward and out on wheels! Not done it yet but makes putting a motorbike in the back a possibilitu
much hated and really not complete. The rear wardrobe has dual sliding doors and a door always seems to be in your way. Wardrobe good for hanging a few small bits only. See build threads
Middle lower cupboard is deep but awkward
middle bathroom cupboard has no shelves.
Front cupboard doesnt open if the bed is down. | <urn:uuid:09a8e27e-a0bb-4abe-95ad-5fe73b94be7c> | http://www.dazedproductions.co.uk/Vanity/page/2/ | en | 0.965439 | 0.020612 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Florida Balloon Mortgage
That’s. not good. Florida won’t just be the first great defense LSU has played; they’ll be the first top 100 Power 5 defense.
Bank Rate.Com Loan Calculator This loan calculator – also known as an amortization schedule calculator – lets you estimate your monthly loan repayments. It also determines out how much of your repayments will go towards the principal and how much will go towards interest. simply input your loan amount, interest rate, loan term and repayment start date then click "Calculate".How To Calculate Interest On Notes Payable The bookkeeper for Abduli Company asks you to prepare the following accrued adjusting entries at December 31. 1. Interest on notes payable of $500 is accrued. 2. Services performed but not recorded a.
Balloon loans are usually short-term and only a small portion of the principal will be paid by the end of the term. They look something like this, a $400,000 loan is to be amortized over 30 years but due in 5 years. The borrower will make payments like they are on a 30-year amortized payment plan, b
The properties at 130 NE 10th St. and 127 NE Ninth St. were sold by Equipment Leasing of Florida. The group, operating as Miami Fourth, also took out a $7 million balloon mortgage tied to the site,
A mortgage with a balloon payment due at the end: Finally, some 40-year mortgages are amortized over 40 years but are actually due in 30.
Looking At Florida Title Insurance Endorsements Title Insurance in Florida is issued using standard policies and endorsements, which vary depending on the insured property. Please see the chart below for a list of endorsements, along with a brief explanation.. Florida balloon mortgage endorsement: This endorsement insures that FNMA balloon.
balloon mortgage note Free PDF Template. egalforms.name | By definition, a balloon mortgage is a short-term mortgage is wherein the borrower requires making payments for a specific period of time on a regular basis, and then repaying the remaining balance within a specific time-duration.
Balloon Mortgage mortgage note (fixed rate) this is a balloon mortgage note and the final payment or the balance due upon maturity is $23,000 together with accrued interest, if any, and all advancements made by the mortgagee under the terms of the mortgage rented property addendum.
Yale Mortgage qualifies a unit buyer for a five-year balloon mortgage, which is then granted by the condo project’s owner or construction lender. The allure for a project lender is cutting the balance.
Consumer advocacy groups are leery about current balloon payment auto loans, comparing them to the balloon mortgages that triggered many foreclosures. then California in July, Florida in August and.
PenFed provides members with a full suite of home mortgage loans and. Loan matures in 10 years; you may apply to refinance the balloon payment. | <urn:uuid:64200efb-3b8b-4720-8904-7a4b9e9dfbd3> | http://www.latinohope.com/florida-balloon-mortgage/ | en | 0.950254 | 0.026051 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Buckminsterfullerine (also called "bucky balls") is a recently discovered stable moleculemade of pure carbon.The other stable carbon molecules are graphite, a two-dimensional planar structure that is used as a lubricant; and diamond, a three-dimensional lattice. Bucky balls are very interesting for a couple of reasons: they make a great lubricant, being essentially a molecular sized ball bearing; and they enclose a space and thus can be used as a container for atomic-scale objects.
Go Back | <urn:uuid:ba9258c1-77d3-4ad6-baa0-566cae62b30c> | http://www1.udel.edu/fth/java/MoleculeViewer/bucky.html | en | 0.930726 | 0.570059 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Difference between introvert and extrovert personality types pdf
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difference between introvert and extrovert personality types pdf
Difference Between Introvert and Extrovert (with Comparison Chart) - Key Differences
The traits of extraversion or extroversion [1] and introversion are a central dimension in some human personality theories. The terms introversion and extraversion were popularized by Carl Jung , [2] although both the popular understanding and psychological usage differ from his original intent. Extraversion tends to be manifested in outgoing, talkative, energetic behavior, whereas introversion is manifested in more reserved and solitary behavior. Extraversion and introversion are typically viewed as a single continuum , so to be high in one necessitates being low in the other. Carl Jung and the developers of the Myers—Briggs Type Indicator provide a different perspective and suggest that everyone has both an extraversion side and an introverted side, with one being more dominant than the other. Virtually all comprehensive models of personality include these concepts in various forms. Extraversion also spelled as extroversion [1] is the state of primarily obtaining gratification from outside oneself.
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11 Signs You're an Ambivert
Are You an Introvert? Here’s How to Tell
Based on characteristics, there are two types of personality, i. When a person is reserved and does not open up easily, he or she is said to be an introvert. On the contrary, when a person is social, talkative and makes friends quickly, then his personality type is extrovert. The article excerpt presents you all the differences between introvert and extrovert in detail. Basis for Comparison Introvert Extrovert Meaning An introvert is a person who remains isolated, or enjoys the company of few closed ones.
The first and foremost difference between introvert and extrovert is that when a and makes friends easily, then his personality type is extrovert.
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The Attitudes: Introversion and Extraversion
An introvert is often thought of as a quiet, reserved, and thoughtful individual. Introverts are the opposite of extroverts. Extroverts are often described as the life of a party. They seek out interaction and conversations. Psychologist Carl Jung was the first person to describe these two personality extremes back in the s.
There are multiple kinds of personalities we encounter in our day-to-day lives — strong, charismatic, open-minded, shy etc. Using the theory, you can delve deeper into your own mind and comprehend your thoughts and feelings. According to Jung there are two mutually exclusive attitudes — extraversion and introversion. The introvert is more comfortable with the inner world of thoughts and feelings, so they will see the world in terms of how it affects them. While the extrovert feels more at home with the world of objects and other people, and is more concerned with their impact upon the world. Introverts are more comfortable living alone and being by themselves.
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Tag Archives: heart healthy recipe
Recipe: Beans and Greens
As I research heart health, two foods keep coming up as good for your heart: leafy greens and beans (red and yellow, black and white, they’re delicious in our sight). So in honor of heart health, here’s a quick, easy, tasty recipe for Beans and Greens.
Beans and GreensIngredients:
1/2 TBS olive oil
1 small onion, chopped (approx. 1/2 cup)
1/2 cup water
2 tsp beef bullion paste (or 1 packet powdered)
4 cloves garlic, minced
8 cups kale, chopped into 1-2″ pieces (approx 6-8 oz)
1 cup broccoli slaw
1 can beans, drained and rinsed (approx 2 cups)
Parmesan cheese, grated
salt to taste
1. Heat oil in 6 quart stock pot over medium heat. Saute onions for 2 minutes.
2. Dissolve beef bullion in water, add to pot, and stir. Add garlic and kale, stir, cover and cook 5 minutes.
3. Add broccoli slaw and beans, stir. Cover and cook 5 minutes.
4. Salt to taste. Top with Parmesan cheese and serve. | <urn:uuid:cc89adbd-0da1-464b-bd6d-e4cffb74e784> | https://sexsoupandtwofistedeating.com/tag/heart-healthy-recipe/ | en | 0.830565 | 0.038276 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
World War Hulk #5
The Hulk has exacted revenge on the Illuminati. A contingent of Mighty and New Avengers has been captured as well as the Fantastic Four. Hulk and his Warbound watch the Illuminati fight against each other using obedience disks. Reed Richards (Mr. Fantastic) is just about to clobber Tony Stark (Iron Man) with a spiked ax. Meanwhile, the Sentry has decided to physically confront the Hulk outside of the gladiatorial arena that was once Madison Square Garden.
Story 'Let the Worlds within and the Worlds without Tremble in their Orbits'
World War Hulk #5
Summary: Spider-Man Appears
Editor: Mark Paniccia
Writer: Greg Pak
Pencils: John Romita, Jr.
Inker: Klaus Janson
Rick Jones vehemently protests what the Hulk has done to the Illuminati. Reed Richards struggles with his moral conscience, ax in hand. The Hulk recounts what the Illuminati did to his adopted planet of Sakaar. He still holds them responsible for the deaths of his subjects, wife, and unborn child. Reed strikes the ground near Tony. The Hulk gives them mercy because he feels that their guilt should serve as ultimate punishment. Instead, the Hulk will raze New York City to the ground. Tony defiantly states that it is the Hulk's last chance for surrender. Without warning, Hulk's stone ship violently explodes. The Sentry has arrived.
The Sentry slams the Hulk across town using his full power of a "million exploding suns." The Hulk angrily replies to Stark and Richards that whatever happens next will be their responsibility. The Sentry and Hulk violently exchange blows. The Sentry is enjoying using his full power without fear of harming anyone. Everyone stares in shock at the unfolding battle. The Brood saves Tony from flaming debris. Elloe wonders why the Brood helps their enemies. Tony and Reed attempt to bring the satellites back online. The Hulk and Sentry are evenly matched. Their combined power is enough to revert themselves back to their human forms. Bruce Banner and Robert Reynolds continue to fight on.
Bruce proves stronger and knocks the Sentry out. He moves to shake hands with Rick Jones but Miek screams in protest. He stabs Rick with a spear. Miek wants the Hulk to come back and finish the job. He was the one who allowed the Red King's agents to sabotage the Hulk's shuttle on Sakaar. Miek saw the Hulk's inner nature to be composed solely of murderous revenge. Bruce transforms back into the Hulk but attacks Miek. Despite protestations by the Warbound, the Hulk beats Miek relentlessly. The Brood wonders how Miek could turn against his brother hivelings and proceeds to beat the villainous insectoid as well.
The Hulk turns towards the assembled crowd in intense anger. He is emitting pure amounts of gamma energy. He hates everyone for what has transpired. Before the Hulk can renew his assault, Tony manages to bring the satellites online. Beams of red energy pour from the satellites onto the angered form of the Hulk. The Hulk sees an image of his wife, Caiera, before he reverts back to Bruce Banner.
S.H.I.E.L.D. agents encase Banner in an armored pod to prevent his transformations. The battered members of the Illuminati look on. The inert Rick Jones is carried away on a stretcher, obviously in critical condition. Banner's capsule is placed three miles below the sands of the Mojave Desert. A red visage engulfs Banner's body. Back on Sakaar, a green figure emerges out of the war torn earth. It is the son of Hulk, Skaar...
General Comments
World War Hulk finally comes to a close. What were my overall impressions of the mini-series? The event started out strong and came out running. Greg Pak always did a nice job of reiterating character motives and moving the action along consistently. World War Hulk was refreshingly simple, compared to the gigantic size of last summer's Civil War event. Readers got to know several characters extremely well. Hulk's Warbound became major players and General Thunderbolt Ross was seemingly resurrected from comic book doldrums. Finally, this issue depicted the full power of the Sentry, something that Marvel writers have been reluctant to do.
John Romita Jr.'s art was kinetic and detailed. Romita Jr.'s strengths, action and facial expressions, were on display throughout the entire series. Issue #5 was no different. Pak let Romita Jr. take over and let his pencils dictate the fight between the Sentry and Hulk. Klaus Janson complimented Romita Jr.'s pencils with some excellent inking while Christina Strain added some brilliant yellows to the fight.
All of the elements were in place to an exciting conclusion. In fact, many of the attributes I just mentioned were on full display. Yet, World War Hulk never truly achieved the "green sorbet" status that editor-in-chief Joe Quesada promised readers before issue #1 hit the stands.
Pak runs into immediate problems with last issue's cliffhanger. The Hulk immediately decrees that Reed should not kill Tony. This is after four issues where Pak made it a painstaking focus to emphasize the Hulk's anger and new motives. However ludicrous it may seem, the Hulk does not kill. But readers were led to believe that this situation was different. In one page, Pak manages to completely confuse the reader and make the Hulk a wimp for not carrying out his original intention. Nevertheless, this issue is a minor complaint as Marvel can not kill off either Reed Richards or Tony Stark (then again they did kill Captain America...).
Romita Jr. renders an incredible fight scene between the Sentry and Hulk. You probably won't see a better duel between two powerful figures for quite some time. The issue loses points for making the fight anti-climactic. At the end, Miek comes out the true villain of the piece. One wonders why it was necessary for the Sentry to make things even worse beforehand. These two guys were supposedly best friends and I never got that sense. They clumsily decided to just beat on each other until the script dictated for Miek to intervene. And by this point, seeing another destructive fight has the effect of exhausting the reader.
And now for the Miek development...I did not like it. On a simple level, Miek's revelation makes new readers scratch their heads in confusion. Up until this point, there were really no motivating circumstances which would compel Miek to break with the Hulk. The main title never offered up compelling reasons nor did any of the supporting series or tie-ins. Miek's turn can be surprising, that is not what is at issue. What became problematic in making Miek the scapegoat was absolutely no time was spent on the character to develop said motivations.
Finally, we get to the revelation that Skaar survived Sakaar's destruction. This development certainly causes excitement for Hulk fans. However, the name flat out sucks and seems very "90ish." The signs are there that the comic book industry is reverting to destructive trends which made the 1990s a tough time to be a fan of superheroes. We'll know what is in store for us if the first issue of Skaar gets a gold foil "zombified" Michael Turner variant cover.
Overall Rating
My final verdict on the event known as World War Hulk: wasted opportunity and an exercise in exhaustion. Pak and Romita Jr. made a fine team and were ably assisted by Janson and Strain. We got many exciting "fanboy" moments interspersed with some interesting developments regarding the breakdown between the Bruce Banner / Hulk persona. Pak and company just ran out of gas by the end of their tale.
A black costumed Spider-Man appears in a few panels. No speaking parts for our favorite webhead... | <urn:uuid:0085ea51-b078-45cc-a282-050d8b978b84> | https://spiderfan.org/review/comics/world_war_hulk/005.html | en | 0.96129 | 0.026382 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Find the Best Krav Maga Instructor Course pt 2
Find the Best Krav Maga Instructor Course pt 2
Continuing part 2 of our article on finding a good Krav Maga Instructor course, Coach Paul Grey looks at how you can find a good Krav Maga Instructor Course and avoid common pitfalls.
Avoid any Krav Maga Instructor Courses of less than 10 days
'It is an inescapable fact that course duration remains an accurate and consistant indicator of course quality and inevitably the standard of Instructors graduating the course'
If you are looking at becoming a Krav Maga Instructor the right start is essential, and short courses have poor credibility with good reason...
In part 1 we looked at how to find a credible Krav Maga Instructor course, namely to look at where the Krav Maga came from [HERE]. The second quality variable when choosing your instructor course is the duration of the course.
Even with the best will in the world, it is simply not feasible to achieve the same standards in a 37 hour course as 200+ hour course. Course duration is a clear & reliable indicator of the expected final standard for Instructors.
If you are looking for a credible Krav Maga Instructor Course, course duration is an accurate and consistant indicator of course quality. If it takes the IDF 140 hours to train an experienced trained soldier to become a Krav Maga instructor, how can less experienced, less credible people do it in 5 days or 7 days?
Whilst Krav Maga is indeed a simple and direct method of training, becoming an efficient practitioner is a vastly different proposition to becoming a skilled, professional Krav Maga Instructor.
901416 700851349948790 1401222140 oWhilst there are transferable skills from coaching thai boxing/MMA etc, coaching Krav Maga is a separate and distinct skills set. The Krav Maga coach has a wider range of issues to address than a conventional Martial Arts Instructor.
In addition to the normal variables such as such as stand up and ground fighting, the Krav Maga coach has to take into account multiple weapons, multiple attackers, working within high risk environments, specialist law enforcement or military tasks, protection of a 3rd party, use of improvised weapons, adrenalised training scenarios and so on.
Some organisations will try and obscure the issue by claiming they only teach 'highly experienced martial artists', however the reality is that most organisation require the same thing - 3 years training or previous experience.
Another common tactic is to claim that Krav Maga is simple and direct system of training and does not really need that long to learn. This ignores the fact that even the Israeli Defence Force, recognised masters at training Instructors quickly, take over 140 hours to train an Instructor who is already a skilled Kravist from basic training - and that's with an entire army to cherry pick from.
It also overlooks the fact that every single credible Krav Maga organsation takes 21-24 days to train and certify an instructor.
The most significant take away fact is this:
Short Instructor courses need significantly lower standards than full courses for candidates to be able to pass them.
In simple terms, short course instructors wont be of a comparable standard.
In summary, if you have taken the time to read this:
1. Do your homework, find out about the organisation providing the course.
2. Look for longer duration courses 16 days or more
3. Dont be misled about the difference between basic training and ongoing training - when can you start teaching
If you want more articles like this...
How to choose a Krav Maga Instructor Course
| <urn:uuid:44fc95c7-22fa-450e-884a-7c2542a04584> | https://www.britishkravmaga.com/coaches-blog/entry/find-the-best-krav-maga-instructor-course-pt-2.html | en | 0.912795 | 0.066134 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
In His Prime
This painting was a result of a trek I was on in moose country years ago. I came across a small clearing in some willows where the moose had bedded down. The matted nest of grass made me stop and wonder about the moose that had just been there and what it might of looked like.
~Des McCaffrey | <urn:uuid:ac2abd06-aa5f-4ffe-9ae3-535f95ce1b04> | https://www.desmccaffrey.com/products/in-his-prime-3 | en | 0.992308 | 0.064235 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Egypt’s Minister of Petroleum, Tarek El Molla, and Jordan’s Energy and Mineral Resources Minister, Ibrahim Saif, met in Cairo to discuss the mechanism of implementing energy and natural gas cooperation protocols between the two Arab nations, according to Egypt’s State Information Service.
The two sides also talked about the newest developments of the mega projects that are currently being carried out by the Egyptian companies in various fields and focused on the energy field, that can potentially boost the mineral wealth of both countries and expand their bilateral cooperation.
The Jordanian Minister praised the outcomes of the meeting and got acquainted with the latest major natural gas discoveries in Egypt and the strategies taken by the government to utilize them. | <urn:uuid:754643f8-e2ea-4004-8a08-1c2e06c9b337> | https://www.ega.org.eg/egypt-jordan-discussed-energy-projects/ | en | 0.935372 | 0.116383 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Etape RIDER PRO blue - Children’s ski helmet with a visor
The Etape RIDER PRO features a visor and the modern in-mould technology. The removable visor has a category 2 filter with a mirror effect. WITH 12 vents. IN MOLD - modern technology in helmet production. The top shell is applied to the polystyrene shell using a special technology at high temperatures. This results in a lower weight and a luxurious look. QFS (Quick Fit System) - fastening system allowing for smooth adjustment of the circumference, resulting in a perfect, comfortable fit. The control wheel is anatomically shaped. SOFT EAR PADS - all Etape models have soft ear pads smoothly connected to the shell. ZEROFOG - a significant decrease in fogging. Unobstructed, sharp vision guaranteed.
more information
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What is SEO and what does an SEO agency do?
Search engine optimization – this word has been haunting the Internet for several years. No website operator can avoid it and this solely for the reason that search engines have become indispensable in the modern Internet. But what does an Online Marketing Agentur actually do?
What is a search engine?
In principle, everyone knows what a search engine is, right? Everybody thinks of at least one search engine and we use it almost every day. But the question is not easy to answer. At least not from the point of view of a website operator. The search engine is also the source of success. If someone enters a search word (keyword) in a search engine, a machine is set in motion that searches for its equal.
Huge computing power is provided to provide the user with the right result. If the search engine finds several 1000 results, it is difficult to sort these results. The goal of every webmaster should be to appear as high as possible in the result list. This principle applies not only to each web page, but to each search term and each individual search, which is transacted in the Internet.
A lot of work and knowledge is necessary to reach the goal of getting as high as possible in the results. Google alone has over 200 ranking factors (factors that influence search results) that are responsible for where your site appears. Rarely is this the first page of the results. SEO is the term that becomes interesting at this point. SEO includes all measures that lead to the search results for your own website being better. Also Google Adwords are important for SEO but here it is better to turn to an adwords agentur.
What is an SEO agency?
An SEO agentur deals with all the measures necessary to positively influence the search results. An SEO agency usually offers comprehensive SEO consulting. This SEO consultation includes a comprehensive consultation about which measures are necessary to appear with a certain keyword accordingly on higher places.
The SEO agency usually also offers a service itself, which improves the own website as fast as possible in the search results. Moreover you can use SEO für Kleinunternehmen.
What are the benefits of improved search results?
People who use search engines to find their own website usually correspond to their own target group. The prerequisite is that one refines one’s optimizations in such a way that the users are directed to one’s own page by special search terms. The more users are present on the site, the higher the success of the site at the end. Especially with search engines, the exact target group is usually found (people don’t search for certain terms for free). The SEO Agency is also responsible for link building, i.e. the creation of links.
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Astrophysics > Astrophysics of Galaxies
Title: Revealing the host galaxy of a quasar 2175 Å$ $ dust absorber at z = 2.12
Abstract: We report the first detection of the host galaxy of a strong 2175 \AA$ $ dust absorber at z = 2.12 towards the background quasar SDSS J121143.42+083349.7 using HST/WFC3 IR F140W direct imaging and G141 grism spectroscopy. The spectroscopically confirmed host galaxy is located at a small impact parameter of ~ 5.5 kpc (~ 0.65$''$). The F140W image reveals a disk-like morphology with an effective radius of 2.24 $\pm$ 0.08 kpc. The extracted 1D spectrum is dominated by a continuum with weak emission lines ([O\III] and [O\II]). The [O\III]-based unobscured star formation rate (SFR) is 9.4 $\pm$ 2.6 M$_{\odot}$yr$^{-1}$ assuming an [O\III]/H$\alpha$ ratio of 1. The moderate 4000 \AA$ $ break (Dn(4000) index $\sim$ 1.3) and Balmer absorption lines indicate that the host galaxy contains an evolved stellar population with an estimated stellar mass M$_*$ of (3 - 7) $\times$ 10$^{10}$ M$_{\odot}$. The SFR and M$_*$ of the host galaxy are comparable to, though slightly lower than, those of typical emission-selected galaxies at $z$ $\sim$ 2. As inferred from our absorption analysis in Ma et al. (2015, 2017, 2018), the host galaxy is confirmed to be a chemically-enriched, evolved, massive, and star-forming disk-like galaxy that is likely in the transition from a blue star-forming galaxy to a red quiescent galaxy.
Comments: 7 pages, 4 figures; accepted for publication in ApJL
Subjects: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/aabc51
Cite as: arXiv:1804.02410 [astro-ph.GA]
(or arXiv:1804.02410v1 [astro-ph.GA] for this version)
Submission history
From: Jingzhe Ma [view email]
[v1] Fri, 6 Apr 2018 18:09:53 GMT (1699kb,D)
Link back to: arXiv, form interface, contact. | <urn:uuid:0dbd9669-6cfe-4dba-aa0e-cad5b9c9be4e> | http://export.arxiv.org/abs/1804.02410 | en | 0.766196 | 0.020848 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Hispanics live longer than most Americans, but will the US obesity epidemic change things?
Hispanics born in the US have worse health outcomes than Hispanics in the US who were born in countries from which they emigrated.
By Michelle L. Frisco Published on Oct 16, 2020.
Juan Duran-Gutierrez kisses his newborn daughter Andrea for the first time in his home after bringing her home from the hospital on Aug. 5. Elizabeth Flores/Star Tribune via Getty Images
Anti-immigrant sentiments have fueled recent national and state-level health policy efforts. In 2019, Donald Trump signed a presidential proclamation that would deny visas to immigrants who could not provide proof of insurance. He argued that they would financially burden the health care system. More recently, Missouri’s August election ballot proposed Medicaid expansion, and opponents warned that it would overwhelm Missouri hospitals with undocumented immigrants, even though they are ineligible for Medicaid benefits.
We study immigrant health and population health. Our work suggests that viewing immigrants as a drain on the U.S. health care system is largely unfounded. For decades, research has shown that immigrants tend to be healthier than U.S.-born whites. Immigrants outlive U.S.-born whites, and, among Hispanics, both immigrants and the U.S.-born have longer life expectancies than whites.
To us, the juxtaposition of expected trends in life expectancy between Hispanic immigrants and U.S.-born Hispanics suggests that immigrants are not a drain on the U.S. health care system. Instead, the U.S. is a country with many issues that undermine the health of Hispanics and society more generally.
Two landscaping workers.
Landscape workers from Guatemala at a job in San Rafael, California. Justin Sullivan/Getty Images
A perplexing paradox
Hispanic immigrants to the U.S. live three to four years longer than U.S.-born whites, and U.S.-born Hispanics live two years longer than U.S.-born whites. Hispanics’ life expectancy advantage is a long-standing phenomenon that has perplexed researchers. Education and income are strong predictors of life expectancy, and on average Hispanics lag behind whites on both indicators of socioeconomic status. This has led researchers to label Hispanics’ life expectancy advantage as an “epidemiological paradox.”
What is behind it? One primary driver is Hispanics’ historically low smoking rates. Smoking has long been the leading cause of preventable U.S. deaths. Whites smoke more than Hispanics, and when Hispanics do smoke, they smoke less frequently and persistently than whites.
Immigrants’ life circumstances also contribute to their longevity. Moving to a new country requires the physical ability to work. This is especially important for Hispanic immigrants, as they tend to have jobs that require taxing physical labor.
Signs for fast food restaurants along a Los Angeles street.
Signs for fast-food restaurants line the streets in the Figueroa Corridor of Los Angeles. South LA has the highest concentration of fast-food restaurants in the city. David McNew/Getty Images
Could obesity and smoking change this?
In recent decades, obesity has emerged as a serious health problem. It now joins smoking as one of the two leading causes of preventable U.S. deaths. Among the U.S. population as a whole, the increasing prevalence of obesity has not led to an expected life expectancy decline because it has been offset by substantial declines in smoking.
Researchers have been concerned that smoking and obesity trends may not offset each other among Hispanics – especially those who are U.S.-born. This possibility has fueled speculation that Hispanics’ paradoxical life expectancy advantage might erode as new generations age.
We wanted to know if this speculation is warranted. We calculated how much smoking and obesity changed among Hispanics and whites born in the six different decades between 1920 and 1989. We then estimated how much life expectancy could change as a result of estimated smoking and obesity trends.
We found that the proportion of smokers among U.S.-born whites, U.S.-born Hispanics and Hispanic immigrants declined across decades. Yet smoking declined fastest among Hispanic immigrants. During this same period, the obesity prevalence increased for all groups, but U.S.-born Hispanics had the steepest rise.
What do these trends mean for the future of the epidemiological paradox? Our study results suggest that Hispanic immigrants will likely retain their life expectancy advantage over whites. In contrast, U.S.-born Hispanics will likely lose their life expectancy advantage, because their declines in smoking do not offset their increasing obesity prevalence.
In addition, obesity has a stronger influence on U.S.-born Hispanics’ risk of death relative to whites. This could possibly be because Hispanics are less likely than whites to manage diabetes and other obesity-related health problems. Hispanics also use health care services less frequently than whites, despite stereotypes to the contrary.
Putting it all together
Should we be alarmed about the erosion of the epidemiological paradox? After all, Hispanic immigrants are expected to retain their life expectancy advantage, and U.S.-born Hispanics face declines in life expectancy, but not to the point of living shorter lives than whites.
As researchers, our answer to this question is a resounding “yes.” Federal agendas for building a healthier nation call for eliminating racial and ethnic disparities in health. Plans to achieve this goal aim to improve health among groups with worse outcomes.
Therefore, the converging life expectancies of U.S.-born Hispanics and whites that result from declines among Hispanics are not an outcome to celebrate.
Hispanic immigrants’ persistent life expectancy advantage should also be a wake-up call for all Americans. Life expectancy is a leading indicator of a nation’s health. Immigrants may be stereotyped as drains on the health care system, but the reality is that their health behaviors and longevity set a standard which we believe U.S.-born Americans should strive to attain.
Signs point in the opposite direction. Average U.S. life expectancy has actually declined, a phenomenon due in large part to deaths from drugs, excessive alcohol use and suicide. This decline occurred even before the COVID-19 pandemic, which is hitting the U.S. especially hard and much worse than other high income nations.
To us, projected declines in life expectancy among U.S.-born Hispanics due to obesity; increasing U.S. deaths from drugs, alcohol and suicide; and the toll of the COVID-19 pandemic suggest that immigrants are not threatening the U.S. health care system. Instead, the U.S. faces a wide array of population health problems that jeopardize how long Americans will live.
Michelle L. Frisco has received funding from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.
Jennifer Van Hook has received funding from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Health and Human Development, the National Science Foundation, and the Russell Sage Foundation. She is a nonresident fellow at the Migration Policy Institute and on the faculty at the Pennsylvania State University.
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Holmes Puzzle: Members in Each Group
Difficulty Level
In order to solve a case, Holmes was forced to work in disguise of a travelling man and found himself living with a group of nomads. One day, while he spent time with them, he was able to note the following few things:
1. 10% of the group comprised of young girls
2. 22% were young boys
3. 14% were old men
4. 10% of the total group members were old women
5. Out of the remaining 22 nomads, 50% were men.
Can you tell the total number of members in the group and the number of males?
View Answer Comments(1)
Answer: There were a total of fifty nomads in the group out of which 29 were male.
Assume that the total number of nomads in the group is x
According to the question, 10% of x=young girls
10% of x= old women
22% of x= young boys
14% of x= old men
Therefore, 0.1x+0.1x+0.22x+0.14x=x-22
x = 50
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Studio Paola Viganò
Architecture | Urbanism | Landscape
Progetto Urbano Flaminio
Programma Integrato di Intervento
client:Cassa depositi e Prestiti investimenti sgr
program:masterplan / housing development / public space /infrastructure
date:2015 - in progress
team:Studio PV
d'Appolonia Spa: engineering
Uberto degli Uberti, Alessio Tamiazzo, Kasumi Yoshida
Inside a neighbourhood which become in the last decades more and more exclusive, where at least wastelands and under-used spaces come after architectonic emergences; where metropolitain attractors alternate with social housing sectors in which is still representing an idea of civil magnificence; where a remnant of production areas and military enclosures intersect with dense and lived common ownership, the project site is an important occasion to reflect on the city, her spatial structure, her life cycles and her mobile boundary of values which varies over time.
The area, situated in the center of the trident defined between the end of the XIX and the beginning of the XX century (Town plan and north expansion of Rome in 1883, Viviani-Pianciani; 1909 plan, Sanjust-Nathan) and leant on the central axis est-west between the Parioli hill, the Tiber River and the Monte Mario reserve, in the west the area allow to redraw the different interpretations of the urban structure and to precise the foundametal elements.
Perpendicularly to this axis est-west (the Guido Reni promenade), the new part of the city finds continuities, rithms and articulation of open spaces. Starting from this, with the linear square of MAXXI, the project find connections of equipments, services, green spaces and closed neighbourhoods. The pedestrian perpendicular structure allows the transition between private and public spaces, the coexisting of open functions to a large public, more quiet residential zones, and the vegetative percolation inside a space today very impermeable. | <urn:uuid:79172f88-0fd6-49ad-9ce0-06429cfb05d4> | http://www.studiopaolavigano.eu/atS16/roma.php | en | 0.883119 | 0.026999 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
As musicians, our most valuable sense is hearing, and while almost every human listens to the world in many ways, musicians understand sound better than anyone. This does not only affect how good musicians are at listening to music, it helps learning new languages and distinguishing certain sounds from one another, as an expert chef does with food.
Being so important in life, we should try to have a better understanding of what is sound and how is it possible. A world without sound would be very empty and it certainly gives a hard time to people who lose their hearing, but the interesting part is that sound is not just something you hear, it’s something you feel.
Science Says
Sound is produced by vibrations.
What is Sound Really?
One must ask the question “what is sound?” not just to understand how it comes to be and how we are able to perceive it, but to arrive at a conclusion where we might find a clearer understanding of the connection between a person and sound.
What are we listening to? after seeing the cientific explanation one might drop any cartoonish ideas of sound and say “I’m listening to soundwaves” and in a way it is true, but believing that you are listening to something and believing you are listening to something make a sound are two different things when it comes to how you as a human being perceive the world, and it has a bigger impact on musicians, whose talent is to manipulate sound.
Philosophy and science have always had a close relationship, and it is even with Aristotle that sound was being analized to see how it worked.
When speaking about voice in his treatise De Anima (On the Soul), Aristotle wrote that sound is a “certain movement of air” (De Anima II.8 420b12) but, even though he claimed that sound and motion are tightly connected, he did not seem to identify them (Pasnau 2000: 32). The natural scientists of the seventeenth century refined the intuition that sound is a movement of air into the wave theory of sounds, which appeared to be an obvious competitor for the quality or sensation (proximal) view. Galileo registered that.
Greeks philosophers were also scientists and Aristotle’s work had lots of explanations about how the world worked, including sound. However it wasn’t until modernity that sound was really discovered as waves that traveled through space.
Galileo wrote:
sounds are made and heard by us when…the air…is ruffled…and moves certain cartilages of a tympanum in our ear.…high tones are produced by frequent waves and low tones by sparse ones.
Stanford Encyclopedia of Phylosophy
Descartes joined in and in his Passions of the Soul considered that what we actually hear are not the objects themselves, but some “movements coming from them” (1649: XXIII). Indeed, around 1636, Mersenne measured the speed of propagation of sound waves.
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
It’s a beautiful thing to think of musicians as the ones who study sound and learn how to mold it into melodies and rythms, it makes it sound as if it were magic, and in a sense, for many people it is like magic. It’s also important to remember that as people who can control sound, as years go by, we learn to use new instruments and tools to go even beyond, with computers, apps, new softwares and synths, we discover new possibilities with sound, not only through music, but sound in movies, animations and video games. As a musician, what is sound to you?
Read More
There is much that can be said about a person that is so passionate about playing as he is about talking about music, John Cage manages to bring so much to the table from experimental music, great prowess as a pianist and a unique knowledge that practicaly makes him one of the most interesting philosphers of our time.
In this article we will be focusing on some of Cage’s most important topics so that by the end we have a better understanding of his point of view and music in general.
John Cage was born in Los Angeles in 1912, he studied at Pamona College, and later at UCLA with famous composer Arthur Schoenberg. After his time as a student he came to the conclusin that the music he wanted to make was very different from the music of his time, or any music by that matter, he said “I certainly had no feeling for harmony, and Schoenberg responded with ‘You’ll come to a wall you won’t be able to get through.’ only to make Cage determined to say, ‘I’ll beat my head against that wall.’”
Experimental Music
Cage said:
One does not make just any experiment but does what must be done. By this I mean one does not seek by his actions to arrive at money but does what must be done; by this I mean one does not seek by his actions to arrive at fame (success) but does what must be done; one does not seek by his actions to provide pleasure to the senses (beauty) but does what must be done; one does not seek by his actions to arrive at the establishing of a school (truth) but does what must be done
John Cage, “Writing’s through John Cage’s Music, Poetry + Art”.
In a way, a musician arrives to a complete musical work because it is some sort of second nature, or as if it’s every musician’s personal duty. This is an important thing to have in mind when thinking about experimental music and how the approach can be a success or utter failure.
In the 1930s Cage began experimenting with new ways to play and compose.
and so-called musical sounds. The present methods of writing music,
principally those which employ harmony and its reference to particular
steps in the field of sound, will be inadequate for the composer, who will
be faced with the entire field of sound. New methods will be discovered,
bearing a definite relation to Schoenberg’s twelve-tone system and present
methods of writing percussion music and any other methods which
are free from the concept of a fundamental tone.
Cage’s view on the world had a part in the making of post modern music, while understanding that post modernism is a continuation of sorts of the modern era, thus, we are looking at music that follows some patterns of modern music with some other elements. Cage understood this, and many of his works in the 1950s were already considered post modern by critics.
Philosophy of John Cage
During the late 1940s, Cage began studying asian culture and ideas through zen and indian philosophy in his words:
This last phrase says a lot about Cage’s state of mind during his compositions. With these influences and the avant garde context that he was in, including his admiration for Marcel Duchamp and other dadaist propositions, it became clear that his mind as a musician was going towards a new idea of music, one that relied on something more simple, just sounds and silence, while understanding that silence doesn’t exist and that sounds are more present than we think, it doesn’t have to be a perfect melody in order to feel the peace of meditation through the sounds of silence.
Some consider that he is one of the greatest musicians in the world, others believe he wasn’t really a genius but the truth is that his ideas rang a bell inside many people’s heads and to this day, his compositions receive high praise around the world
John Cage
John Cage’s famous 4’33
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Geographic information systems are used in
Topological relationships between geometric entities traditionally include adjacency what adjoins whatcontainment what encloses whatand proximity how close something is to something else. The term "cartographic modeling" was probably coined by Dana Tomlin in his PhD dissertation and later in his book which has the term in the title.
For scanned maps, blemishes on the source map may need to be removed from the resulting raster. Various map and satellite information sources can combine in modes that simulate the interactions of complex natural systems.
What is GIS?
It is a thematic on a 3D map that is applied to a specific building or a part of a building. Spatial analysis with geographical information system GIS [ edit ] Further information: Landslide hazard zonation is the process of ranking different parts of an area according to the degrees of actual or potential hazard from landslides.
This approach is being increasingly used to provide more precise location information. Any variable that can be located spatially, and increasingly also temporally, can be referenced using a GIS. To evaluate the irrigation performance, integrated use of satellite remote sensing and GIS assisted by ground information has been found to be efficient technique in spatial and time domain for identification of major crops and their conditions, and determination of their areal extent and yield.
These developments will, in turn, result in a much wider use of the technology[ original research. Operations and maintenance staff can deploy enterprise and mobile workforce. For example, the GIS could be used to identify all wells point geometry that are within 1-mile 1.
Errors such as undershoots and overshoots must also be removed.
Geographic information system
Soil map is widely used by the farmers in developed countries to retain soil nutrients and earn maximum yield. Here satellites use different sensor packages to passively measure the reflectance from parts of the electromagnetic spectrum or radio waves that were sent out from an active sensor such as radar.
GIS is used to find a suitable site for the dam. Through a function known as visualization, a GIS can be used to produce images - not just maps, but drawings, animations, and other cartographic products. More sensors will follow, generating ever greater amounts of data.
67 Important GIS Applications and Uses
A spatial database to record their observations. There are several forms of interpolation, each which treats the data differently, depending on the properties of the data set. For example, cities, fire hydrants, contours, roads, railways and administrative boundaries are often represented as vectors.
Before the digital data can be analyzed, they may have to undergo other manipulations—projection and coordinate conversions, for example—that integrate them into a GIS. GIS based land acquisition management system will provide complete information about the land.
You can acquire satellite imagery and inspect the extent of the wildfire.
What is GIS?
It is not necessary to be a skilled cartographer to create maps. Getting Started with Geographic Information Systems (5th Edition) (Pearson Prentice Hall Series in Geographic Information Science) Apr 12, by Keith C. Clarke. Hardcover. $ $ 17 03 to rent Prime. $ $ 00 to buy Prime.
FREE Shipping on eligible orders. Only 4 left in stock -. GIS Today The Latest and Greatest Uses of GIS Today. Share Flipboard Email Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Guide. Geographic Information About Morocco.
Using Geographic Information to Make Business Decisions. The Country of Egypt - Geographic Information. Google Earth and Archaeology. The file geodatabase is a collection of geographic datasets of various types, with the most basic types being vector, raster, and tabular data. There are three types of geodatabases: file, personal, and ArcSDE.
A geographic information system (GIS) is a computer system for capturing, storing, checking, and displaying data related to positions on Earth’s surface. By relating seemingly unrelated data, GIS can help individuals and organizations better understand spatial patterns and relationships.
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a computerized system used to design, capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present geographically referenced information or data.
GIS combines cartography, statistical analysis, and databases to manipulate spatial areas for a given application.
Geographic information systems are used in
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joint owners of house
Ask a Lawyerwhat's this?
Country: United States of America
State: Maine
I started to build a house with my boyfriend of 5 years, but then we split. My name is still on everything and he refuses to do anything until the building is finished...what can I do?
If two or more owners cannot agree on what to do with a piece of property they may petition the court and the court will order a sale or refinancing etc. so that the one or more may get out of the property obligation and/or the other(s) may keep it etc.--it is often done-- (This is true in some cases even for equitable owners that have paid various amounts etc., but for various reasons, may not be on title.)
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Water Heater Installations in Frederick, MD
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Why choose us for your water heater installation?
Michael & Son has been in business for over four decades, and installs hundreds of water heaters in homes across the east coast every year. That experience is just one reason why we've earned a reputation in Frederick as one of the most dependable plumbing and home service companies around.
What's the cost of installing a water heater in Frederick?
The majority of water heater installations in Frederick tend to fall within this price range:
• Low $1,800
• Our Average $2,500
• High $6,500
How Michael & Son determines your estimate
• We assess your home's hot water needs. Some homes need more hot water than others. The number of people living in the home and the number of appliances that require hot water determine tank size (a major cost component.)
• We discuss system efficiency with the homeowner. Some homeowners want more efficiency out of their system for extra utility savings per month. Tankless systems tend to be more efficient than tank water heaters, but cost a little more up front.
• We consider parts and labor warranties. Extended parts and labor warranties protect homeowners from paying out of pocket for repairs later on down the road. Adding extended warranties also adds to the price estimate.
Your water heater installation in five easy steps
1. Schedule your estimate
Call (240) 608-4020 or visit our online scheduling page to get the ball rolling on your water heater installation. Both options will connect you with our customer service division, who will then assign an expert plumber to your project.
2. Meet your expert plumber
We want you to feel comfortable with the person we're sending to your home before they arrive. That's why we email our customers the name of your plumber along with a photo, a brief bio and any relevant trade licenses. We'll also give you a quick courtesy call the day before to remind you of your appointment.
3. Find the right water heater for your home
To find an ideal water heater match for your Frederick home, the first step is to learn more about your family's hot water usage. From there your plumber can gauge what size tank you'll need, or whether you could benefit from a newer tankless water heater.
4. Get your system installed
After you and your plumber have agreed on a water heater, the next step is to agree to the estimate and schedule out a time for the installation team to arrive (usually 3-5 days after your initial consultation). The vast majority of our installations take just a day to complete, and we always protect your Frederick home by wearing shoe covers and placing down drop cloths.
5. Let us know how we did
Whether the job was a huge success or there was something we could've done better, we want to know about it. That's why we ask our plumbers to request feedback from you at the end of every job. If you had any issue at all, just let us know and we'll do everything we can to correct our mistake.
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Monday 13 January 2020 by Lucas Wilde
“Come on then, f*ckers!” roars drunken Prince Harry to entire family
drunk prince harry at the palace
Prince Harry has finally snapped and is offering a fist-fight to anyone and everyone in the royal family.
The House of Windsor had expected to sit down to an afternoon of semi-civilised discussion at Sandringham following the Prince’s shock decision to step down as a senior royal and go it alone with his wife and child.
However, such plans were immediately dashed when the embattled prince rocked up with a half-empty bottle of famous grouse.
“Wheresh Uncle Andrew, that…that fucking…NONCE,” slurred Harry, spinning around and accidentally twatting an aide in the face.
“Sershly, you all want a peesh of THISH?! You can… you can come and TRYYYY!”
Prince Harry then mounted the dining table in front of his horrified family, singing Land of Hope and Glory while removing his jacket before doing some shadow-boxing that could be generously described as “messy”.
A palace spokesperson said, “Oh God…it’s his 18th birthday party all over again.
“I get that he’s upset but there are very, very clear rules about offering a fistfight with the Queen, even if she is your nan, and most of those rules boil down to “don’t”.
“He is quite feisty… Prince Philip suggested that Prince Harry might like to “get down from the table, you daft cunt”, to which Harry replied “AAAaaaand what if I don’t, you…you ZOMBIE? Whayagonnado, have me killed and make it look like a car crash?
“Then Philip leapt onto the table and decked his grandson. He does find the energy when someone has a go.”
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DJ Disciple
DJ Disciple (David Banks) is an American DJ and house music producer from Brooklyn, New York. In 1994, his track, "On the Dancefloor", peaked at #67 in the UK Singles Chart. In 2002, he hit number one on the US Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart with "Caught Up." Vocals on the track were performed by Mia Cox. The track was featured in the S… Leia mais | <urn:uuid:0ceca304-95de-4b6b-a909-f29415742bf9> | https://pt.jango.com/music/DJ+Disciple | en | 0.968379 | 0.120546 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Extending patients’ care anytime, anywhere
To provide a more convenient alternative to our existing patients during the outbreak of the COVID-19, Sportsperformance Physiotherapy has launched an online consultation channel. Consultation with our physiotherapists via video call can now be done from the comfort of your home or office, without the hassle to travel.
What is online physiotherapy?
Online physiotherapy works like a virtual practice. Patients are connected to their designated physiotherapists via video. The physiotherapists will assess the patients via their clinical record, movement patterns and ask them to perform some special movement to determine the patients’ current condition. Some form of suitable exercises for the patients will be given.
1. Service Coverage: As each case is unique, our physiotherapists will assess individual case before deciding whether telemedicine consultation is suitable for you.
2. Duration: 40 minutes (same as our standard service)
3. Fee: standard rate applied
4. Payment: Payme or FPS. Direct billing is not applicable.
5. Software required: Skype or Zoom will be used for the consultation. Once everything is confirmed, our customer service team will walk you through the steps to ensure the consultation will be done smoothly.
How do online consultations work?
01 contact.png
1. Enquiry
Visit our contact page or contact us at +852 25216380 to indicate your interest to have an online consultation.
(only applicable to our existing patients)
02 assess.png
2. Assessment
Our designated physiotherapists review the cases individually and decide whether your condition is suitable for a video consultation. Our physiotherapist may contact you to discuss further.
03 payment.png
3. Payment
Once our physiotherapists consider you to be suitable for the online consultation, our CS team will be in touch to schedule the consultation, as well as inform you about the payment arrangement and the necessary steps to get connected online. Once the payment is confirmed, booking will then be secured.
04 consultation.png
4. Consultation
The video consultation will be conducted as scheduled.
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Teaching Large Evening Classes
Tomorrow's Teaching and Learning
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How can faculty effectively teach, control, or even simply keep awake the students in such classes, many of whom start their days very early in the morning with family responsibilities?
The posting below looks at four effective strategies in teaching large, often one night per week, evening courses. It is by Oscar Wambuguh, assistant professor of environmental health in the Department of Nursing and Health Sciences at California State University, East Bay. His e-mail address is The article is from the January-February, 2008, Volume 94, Number 1 issue of Academe Online [] the bulletin of the American Association of University Professors. 1012 Fourteenth Street, NW, Suite #500; Washington, DC 20005. Copyright ©2008 American Association of University Professors. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.
Rick Reis
UP NEXT: Designing Courses
Tomorrow's Teaching and Learning
Teaching Large Evening Classes
They've been working all day, they're tired, and there are scores of them-how do you reach them all?
By Oscar Wambuguh
High enrollments, conflicting student work schedules, and the sheer convenience of once-a-week classes are pushing many colleges to schedule evening courses. Held from 6 to 9 pm or 7 to 10 pm, these classes at my institution are typically packed, sometimes with more than 150 students in a large lecture theater. How can faculty effectively teach, control, or even simply keep awake the students in such classes, many of whom start their days very early in the morning with family responsibilities?
Evening classes bring special teaching challenges. Evening students tend to interact socially more than day students, necessitating frequent instructor interventions to maintain calm and order, and many come to class overwhelmed, hungry, and tired. In addition, there are the usual challenges: poor lighting conditions in many large lecture theaters; lack of, or poor-quality, audiovisual equipment; and distractions caused by student electronic devices such as cell phones, iPods, or laptops. Under such conditions, even the most ardent instructor can become frustrated.
In my large evening classes, I always have a mix of students, ranging from the highly motivated to the couldn't-care-less types. I teach environmental health classes focusing on attention-catching topics such as global warming and climate change; air pollution; epidemiological issues like SARS and Asian bird flu; toxicology, especially of heavy metals in our water and food; biodiversity loss; and food concerns. Over the years, to enhance student engagement and maintain interest, I have incorporated strategies such as combining audiovisuals (PowerPoint presentations, short video clips, and transparencies) and class discussions and activities. Doing so is challenging in large classes set in "lecture-only" theaters. However, I have found four strategies that maintain student engagement and interest throughout what might otherwise be a long evening.
PowerPoint Presentations
I start my lectures with a two- to three-minute video clip about current course-related issues. Then I lecture using PowerPoint slides for about an hour and a quarter. Although PowerPoint isn't exactly a brand-new technology, it works well for my classes. Many students are relatively fresh at the beginning of class and likely to remain attentive through the whole lecture. I use illustrations and pictures interspersed with text slides as much as possible. I time myself carefully and always stop after seventy-five minutes, after which students take a ten-minute break to recharge for the next session.
Intergroup Questions
Before the first class meeting of a semester, I organize students in groups of eight to ten and post group numbers and the names of group members on a Blackboard site, where students can access them. I end up with fifteen to sixteen groups for a class of 150 students. During the first meeting, as I call students' names, I ask them to move into their groups for a "get-to-know each- other" session and information exchange. To maintain regularity, I ask group members to stay with their groups at the same location in the lecture theater in future meeting sessions. The groups are responsible for generating five short-answer questions (typed, with answers) for each class meeting. Within their groups, students take turns developing questions each week and circulating them among other group members for feedback through Blackboard before class. Once we begin intergroup question time, two groups are chosen to answer two questions asked by each of the other groups.
Here's how it works. When the first session begins, groups 1 and 2 are ready to begin answering questions. The first question comes from group 3, which asks group 1 one of its five short-answer questions. Members take turns each week reading the questions aloud as everyone in the class listens. One member from group 1 (members take turns) responds briefly (taking no more than two minutes total) to the question asked. If I judge that a concept is not clear, I add to the answer given. Then group 3 asks group 2 its next question, after which group 4 asks groups 1 and 2 questions. The process continues for between forty five and sixty minutes until all groups have been reached. Satisfactory answers are given two points each, recorded next to the question asked. Throughout, I maintain order and monitor timing. At the end, I collect all the groups' short-answer questions for grading and record the points earned by the two chosen groups. At the next meeting session, groups 3 and 4 will be the chosen groups, and so on until the last group is reached.
This system works well in a number of ways. It encourages students to read course material ahead of time; helps the instructor cover course content and explain concepts and material that are not clear during the question-and answer session; keeps students motivated and energized by requiring individual responsibility, attention, and group commitment (no one wants to be blamed for letting the group down); encourages active participation among students, allowing them to develop and polish their oral communication skills; gives students a sense of owning the questions and the learning; and creates excitement and a sense of achievement, especially if group members answer their questions correctly.
Article Time
Another part of our evening class deals with current articles in the field. Each group will have had a week to choose and summarize an article from the media (newspapers, newsmagazines, science magazines, journals, or the Internet) dealing with a topic covered by the course. Summaries, which are usually about half-a-page long, must be typed and must include the names of all the students in the group. Group members take turns choosing and summarizing the weekly article on behalf of their group.
During article time, the member of each group who chose and summarized the article stands up and tells the class the title of the article and the reasons why he or she chose it and then reads aloud the typed summary. The groups report in order of their group number, taking about two to three minutes each for a total of forty-five to sixty minutes. Everyone, including the instructor, listens, and the class is free to comment briefly after each article has been read. At the end of the session, the instructor collects the fifteen summaries for grading. This happens each week. Reviewing each article and its summary is quick, taking an average of about ten minutes (a total of just two-and a- half hours a week for the ten instruction weeks of the quarter).
I have found this process beneficial in many ways. It encourages literacy about current events in the field among everyone present, including the instructor; improves student reading and analytical and comprehension skills by requiring students to summarize two-to-three page articles in about half a page; improves students' confidence in their oral and written communication skills while also enhancing those skills; helps keep students engaged and motivated at a late hour of the evening as topics spin from one area to the next; and allows students to appreciate the practicality, complexity, and interdisciplinarity of some of the material covered by the course.
Short Quiz
While it is debatable whether college-level students should be required to physically attend every meeting session, I have made it hard for students to miss class unless something unavoidable happens (like an illness, a baby sitter not showing up, a transportation problem, or a family emergency). In such cases, students must call my voice mail or send me an e-mail and present a note at the next class meeting explaining the reasons for their absence.
What motivates students to be sure to come to my class? During the last ten to fifteen minutes of each evening session, we have an optional extra-credit quiz worth ten to fifteen points. If a student misses class but leaves me a voice or e-mail message and gives me a written note, I prorate his or her points based on a simple ratio of the total points earned for all prior quizzes divided by the total expected, multiplied by the total points for the quiz missed. The quiz, which is multiple choice, is given on a projection screen (eliminating unnecessary copying). Students complete it silently on fifteen- question Scantron forms- machine-readable forms designed for multiple-choice tests-without using class notes or text. I advance the questions on the projection screen as students answer them. I use a $20 sensor that works with PowerPoint and Word, which allows me to advance the questions remotely from anywhere in the room.
All the points students accumulate over the weeks are put into a "point savings account" that students can see on Blackboard. The "fatter" the account gets, the more motivated students become to keep it high. The account can swell to an average of about eighty-five points for most students. But they understand that no matter how many points they "save," their total is prorated so that it does not offset more than 10 percent of the overall course points, usually eight hundred. For example, if a student has accumulated twenty five points before the first midterm, he or she can miss up to twenty-five questions on the exam, which usually has a total of a hundred questions. If by the second midterm, the student has a total point savings of fifty-five, those points can offset the total points missed on the two midterms. Similarly, if by the final, the student has accumulated an overall total savings of eighty-five points, he or she can offset the total points missed on all three exams (subject to the 10 percent cutoff).
The quiz is very popular and has obvious benefits. It allows students to monitor their understanding of the lecture session's material right away; it gives the instructor feedback about the quality of instruction and student understanding; it motivates (or forces) students to stay for the entire class, as the quiz is administered at the very end; it encourages students to pay attention to the material presented (because of the pressure of immediate assessment); it allows the instructor to monitor daily attendance; and it saves the instructor's time, because some of the quiz questions can be rephrased and used on midterms and the final.
In addition, the quizzes encourage students to stay on top of the course material, because they have to review an evening's material ahead of time so that they can fill the "holes" as we discuss the same material in class. This, many students believe, provides an extra edge as they are not encountering this material for the first time before the quiz. Perhaps most important, the points students earn on quizzes give them a sense of hope that they can miss some questions on the midterms or final without penalty. The quizzes also allow them to remain optimistic about the course even after a devastating performance on the first midterm exam. Students quickly forget the optional nature of the quizzes and soon start taking them as a matter of priority and survival (some students who have missed an entire session have shown up the last fifteen minutes of class so as not to miss this quiz!).
During quizzes, the instructor has to remain vigilant, moving around the room to discourage students who whisper to each other, exchange Scantron forms, or check their notes. The instructor must also be sure to collect and secure all Scantron forms before taking time to chat with students after class.
Over the years, I have had positive evaluations about the quizzes. Many students are pleased that they get immediate feedback about their comprehension of course material, allowing them to take advantage of the period in which they can drop the course without penalty. Do the quizzes contribute to grade inflation? Hardly, given the 10 percent cutoff for the number of quiz points counted toward the final course grade and the fact that the questions are not "giveaways"; they are real exam questions, requiring advance preparation, sustained attention, and understanding.
The quizzes do not help all students. I find that some routinely miss class despite the cost to their grades, while some perform consistently on the quizzes. Most students actually look forward to taking the quizzes. On the rare occasions that my schedule doesn't allow me to prepare a quiz by the end of a class meeting, I can see disappointment on most students' faces. They consider they have been "robbed" of the opportunity to accumulate point savings and improve their grades.
Today, with an increasing number of nontraditional students returning to school, we are challenged to develop creative and innovative ways to make our classes work for them and to make our course material relevant to their daily lives. Evening classes, which afford these students flexibility and convenience, are one way to meet their needs, and I hope my experience with evening classes will help others find ways to make them work for this diverse and dedicated group of students. | <urn:uuid:fb1be4d8-968a-4dd6-93e2-be7f0ffa8ada> | https://tomprof.stanford.edu/posting/870 | en | 0.950735 | 0.025244 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Technical Technical — Cassandra Wednesday 27th May 2020
Cassandra Monitoring: A Best Practice Guide
By Anup Shirolkar
Introduction to Cassandra Monitoring
Apache Cassandra is a NoSQL database designed to provide scalability, reliability, and availability with linear performance scaling. Cassandra database is designed as a distributed system, and aims to handle big data efficiently. Refer to what-is-apache-cassandra and cassandra-architecture for more information. Note that knowledge of Cassandra architecture and basic terminology is a prerequisite to understanding Cassandra monitoring.
Cassandra monitoring is an essential area of database operations to ensure the good health of a cluster and optimal performance. Alerting is another crucial area for production systems, and it is complementary to monitoring. Good alerting in Cassandra can be achieved by utilization of the monitoring infrastructure and relevant toolset. Alerting and monitoring help create a robust environment for any Cassandra deployment.
This blog post aims to touch all important aspects of Cassandra monitoring. We hope it provides the reader with crucial information about monitoring tools, components, and metrics.
Monitoring Terminologies
JVM Based Monitoring
Cassandra is developed in Java and is a JVM based system. Each Cassandra node runs a single Cassandra process. JVM based systems are enabled with JMX (Java Management Extensions) for monitoring and management. Cassandra exposes various metrics using MBeans which can be accessed through JMX. Cassandra monitoring tools are configured to scrape the metrics through JMX and then filter, aggregate, and render the metrics in the desired format. There are a few performance limitations in the JMX monitoring method, which are referred to later.
The metrics management in Cassandra is performed using Dropwizard library. The metrics are collected per node in Cassandra. However, those can be aggregated by the monitoring system.
Cassandra Monitoring
There are a large number of metrics exposed by Cassandra to cover all possible areas including performance, resources, communication, node, and cluster state etc. The metrics are defined with distinct types, and those can be categorized as well for operational ease.
Metrics Types
Cassandra metrics are defined with specific data types. These types are designed to accommodate metrics representations to represent the metrics like latency, counts, and others correctly.
The metrics types are not intuitive and you might need some time to get familiar.
• Gauge: A single value representing a metric at a specific point in time, e.g. value of memory allocated or a number of active tasks.
• Counter: Counters are the same as a gauge but are used for value comparisons. Generally, a counter is only incremented, and it is reset when the functionality gets disrupted like a node restart. An example is cache_hit count.
• Histogram: Histogram is a count of data elements from a data stream grouped in fixed intervals. A histogram gives a statistical distribution of values. The data elements are provided over min, max, mean, median, 75th, 90th, 95th, 98th, 99th, 99.9th percentile value intervals.
• Timer: Timer keeps the rate of execution and histogram of duration for a metric.
• Latency: This is a special type to measure latency. It includes Timer and the latency is in microseconds. There is also a TotalLatency with each latency metric. The total latency is the count of latency since the beginning. The beginning means the start of a node.
• Meter: Meter is a unit to measure throughput. It also includes a weighted moving average for first, fifth, and fifteenth minute.
Metrics Categories
The metrics are categorised based on Cassandra domains, e.g. table, keyspace, storage, communication, JVM etc. Not all metrics should be monitored all the time, but those should be available in case required, i.e. during troubleshooting or application performance testing.
The metrics are further subdivided in terms of broader areas like resources, network, internals, crucial data elements etc. Metrics can be represented as per topology levels like cluster level, node level, table level etc. to organize all the information.
The categorization becomes clear as we go through specific metrics and correlate those with specific Cassandra areas.
Metrics Format
The Cassandra dropwizard metrics are specified in format below:
Dropwizard Metric Name: org.apache.cassandra.metrics.<Metric scope>.<Metric type>.<MetricName>
Mbean: org.apache.cassandra.metrics:type=<Metric type> scope=<Metric scope> name=<MetricName>
Metric Type: This is the category of metrics e.g. table, keyspace, threadpool. Do not confuse this with the data type of metrics.
Metric scope: This is the metric sub type for more granularity wherever required. The scope is hence optional. E.g. the table name or keyspace name.
Metric name: The final metric name like LiveSSTableCount.
Essential Metrics
Cassandra Metrics
Node Status
The status of nodes must be monitored and alerted immediately if a node is down. Cassandra cluster’s availability directly depends on the uptime of all the nodes in the cluster. Although the anti-entropy mechanism in Cassandra helps protect data from inconsistency, there is no replacement for lost performance during a node downtime. A down node puts pressure on other nodes in the data center to handle requests and store hints. Hence, downtime for a node should be minimum.
Cassandra operational activity requires node restart or downtime but those can be scheduled at least busy times for the cluster. This alert helps keep track of any service disruption and the need to run repair a node. A node should be repaired if it is out of the cluster for more than the hinted handoff window which is three hours by default.
Client Request Metrics
The client requests metrics provide information about client communication in forms of read and write requests per second between the client and a coordinator node. Other than normal read and write requests, there are special types of read and write operations CAS, View, and RangeSlice which have their own set of metrics. These metrics help to track the request count, latency, failures, and a few other statistics. The basic statistic to monitor is the number of requests per seconds, i.e. throughput and request latency.
Requests Per Second
The number of requests should be aggregated per data center and per node. There could be some nodes receiving more requests as compared to other nodes. This behaviour creates extra pressure for the nodes receiving more requests. The specific requests like CAS and RangeSlice should be tracked separately for clarity. These operations are resource-intensive and have a unique effect on the nodes. The ratio of read requests to write requests is crucial to understand the type of workload. There are specific configurations to optimize a read-heavy or a write-heavy workload.
Each cluster can handle a certain amount of client requests per second efficiently. If the number of requests exceeds the cluster capacity, it can result in undesirable results like dropped messages, inconsistency, increased latency etc. The CAS and RangeSlice request can cause increased latency.
Uneven load on a few nodes can be handled with optimal load balancing at the driver side. The read and write latency or throughput issues caused by constant overloading should be addressed by adding more nodes to the data center and revisiting the data model if required.
Alerting: Set alerts on the number of requests threshold served per node and data center.
Client Request Latency
Latency tracked by these metrics is the read and write latency experienced by client applications. There are various percentiles of latency, as mentioned in latency metric type. These metric types should be tracked separately as well as overall values so that there is a clear view of system performance metrics. Production systems generally have latency SLAs. The SLA on a specific or overall latency should be tracked and alerted upon the client latency.
There are various factors which affect latency including, the amount of load served by a node or cluster, system resources and tuning, GC settings and behaviour, type of requests. Troubleshooting latency issues mainly depends on the accurate investigation of the root cause. Correlating latency metrics with other metrics helps to track down root causes. Using a graph solution like Grafana for visualization is the most efficient way to sight and track issues.
Alerting: Set alerts for latency SLA thresholds if any or expected latency range.
Request Timeout and Failure
These metrics are the number of client requests timed out or failed. Failed requests are a clear indication of errors, and those should be addressed immediately. The common causes for request failure are unavailability of data, failure to get a response from the required number of replicas, data inconsistency, and network error. Troubleshooting for error is performed using the error messages and other metrics correlation.
Alerting: Set alerts for more than a few failure requests on production systems.
Compaction Statistics
This group of metrics include the amount of data compacted, the number of active/completed compactions, and other relevant details. Compactions consume node resources and could consume the disk space quickly. Monitoring compactions provides a good insight into the compaction strategy used as each strategy has a unique operational footprint. Specific Cassandra operations like repairs, high volume data writes, add/remove/replace nodes etc. increase the compaction activity. It is important to monitor the compactions while performing such operations.
A common troubleshooting method for high compaction activities and high resource consumption is to throttle the compaction rate. In some scenarios, compactions can be temporarily stopped, but it requires a lot of caution and must be re-enabled at some point to keep the SSTable count low, and read latency optimal.
Alerting: Alerting is not essential for these metrics. However, alerts can be set if there are a higher number of pending compactions sustained for longer than expected time interval.
Garbage Collector Metrics
The Garbage Collector (GC) is yet another crucial area for monitoring. The efficiency of Cassandra throughput and performance depends on the effective use of JVM resources and streamlined GC. The GC behaviour mainly depends on these factors—the garbage collector used, the workload served by Cassandra nodes, GC parameter settings, the heap size for JVM etc. A common issue with garbage collection is long GC pause or the time taken to perform garbage collection.
The GC works well with the default settings by Cassandra, but those can be tuned if required to suit a specific workload and the number of resources. GC parameter tuning is a non-trivial task and requires knowledge of GC internals. However, sometimes the GC can be resolved by fixing the data model, changing the workload, or JVM resources. It is essential to correlate bad GC behaviour with the exact root cause before performing a remedy. Also, any change in parameters impacting GC should be monitored carefully to ensure improvements.
Alerting: Set alert on GC pauses for more than acceptable thresholds on production systems.
Memory Metrics
The memory metrics provide JVM heap, non-heap, and total memory used by Cassandra. The JVM heap storage is used heavily for a variety of purposes by Cassandra. The non-heap memory is also used a lot by later versions of Cassandra. Monitoring the heap and overall memory gives insight into memory usage. It can be used to correlate with any issues and determine memory requirements.
Please note, Cassandra cannot scale with an indefinite amount of memory. This boils down to the fact that JVM and GC cannot perform optimally for large heap size. The most common range of heap size for Cassandra is 8GB-32GB where the smaller size is configured with CMS GC and the larger size with G1GC.
Alerting: Set alerts to test specific memory thresholds and tuning.
Threadpool Metrics
Cassandra works with numerous thread pools internally. This design is aimed to achieve asynchronous tasks, and it also helps to handle back pressure. Monitoring for the thread pools makes it easy to understand the internal system behaviour. It also helps to understand specific pools under pressure with active, pending, and blocked tasks.
The solution for constantly saturated pools generally is to provide more processing capacity to the node or the cluster. Other core issues like poor data model and query pattern also impact on the thread pools.
Alerting: Set alerts for more than a few blocked tasks on the production system. This helps take preventive action to help avoid performance impact.
Table Metrics
Table metrics are useful in tracking each table independently. These can be used to monitor a specific set of tables which are performance-critical or host a large volume of data. There are various metrics for each table but some of the most important are discussed here:
Partition Size
The partition size is a crucial factor in ensuring optimal performance. Cassandra uses partitions of data as a unit of data storage, retrieval, and replication. Hence, if the partition size is larger it impacts overall performance. The ideal range of partition size is less than 10MB with an upper limit of 100MB. These values are derived from operational experience from the Cassandra community.
The data model and table definition control the partition size. The partition key for a table determines the data to create partitions. A partition key should be designed to accumulate data only up to acceptable size limits. Unfortunately, it is not easy to replace current partitions for a table. But, if the data model is in the design phase, it is crucial to test all the table definitions for potential large partitions sizes. In the existing tables, if large partitions are a major issue, they can be addressed by complete data rewrite. This operation could be long-running, but it can solve many performance issues, and if configured correctly, it can be performed without minimal or no downtime for the table.
Alerting: Configure alerts on large partitions for tables with unbounded partitions. An unbounded partition is where the partition grows in size with new data insertion and does not have an upper bound.
Tombstone Scanned
Tombstones are the deletion markers in Cassandra. Tombstones are produced by data deletion, and it could be performed using various means like delete queries, TTL expiry, null inserts etc. The immutable design of SSTables and compaction operations makes tombstone eviction difficult in some scenarios. Tombstone presence directly impacts read performance; its effect increases with the number of tombstones scanned per operation. This metric provides a histogram of tombstones read for a table’s queries in recent time.
The troubleshooting for tombstone eviction can be performed using various options like revisiting the compaction strategy, major compaction, nodetool garbagecollect etc. Note that all the mentioned remedies for tombstone eviction could operate on a large set of SSTables and are non-trivial operations. The operations must be well tested before executing on production.
Alerting: Set alerts for tombstones-scanned per read metrics for performance-sensitive tables.
SSTable Per Read
These metrics are related to the immutable design of SSTables and read operation. The SSTables are created per table, and the data is arranged sequentially in the order it is written. This results in multiple SSTable reads to complete a single read operation. The number of SSTables read contributes to the time consumed to complete the read operation. Hence, the number of SSTables per read should be minimized.
A good number of SSTables per read is a relative value and depends on the data volume and compaction strategy. However, as a general rule, those should be less than 10. The compaction strategy used for a table plays a crucial role in this metric. A table should be configured with optimum compaction strategy as per the table usage. Repair operation plays a role in keeping the SSTables consistent and hence also indirectly impacts this metric. All the data in Cassandra should ideally be repaired once per gc_grace_seconds cycle.
Alerting: Set alerts for all the read performance-sensitive and high data volume tables for SSTables per read.
Additional Metrics
It is difficult to cover all the metrics present in Cassandra in this blog post, and it is also difficult to predict the most useful ones in general. I have tried to cover the most used metrics individually. But there are still some crucial metrics which are useful for getting insight in specific Cassandra areas. Let’s look at those briefly:
Dropped Messages
Cassandra handles many forms of messages corresponding to various functions. These messages can get dropped mostly due to load or communication error etc. The dropping of messages causes data inconsistency between nodes, and if those are frequent, it can cause performance issues. It is necessary to identify the cause of dropped messages. If those occur frequently or if those are in large numbers, the system resources and data model should be revisited. Alerts should be set for an unexpected occurrence or number of dropped messages.
Caches For Tables
Cassandra uses quite some cache, and those are configurable. The cache metrics are useful to track effective use of a particular cache. A good example is the use of row cache for frequently accessed rows in a table. If caching hot data in row cache improves the cache hits, it is a successful use of the row cache.
Data Streaming
Streaming is used while booting up new nodes, repair operations, and during some other cluster operations. Streaming operations can move many data across a cluster and hence consume network bandwidth. The streaming metrics are useful for monitoring node activities and repairs when planned. The streaming rate can be controlled if required to spare the bandwidth for operations.
Hinted Handoff
Hints are a part of the anti-entropy mechanism, and those try to protect nodes from data loss when those are offline. Hints are stored and transferred, so metrics related to these attributes and delivery success, failure, delays, and timeouts are exposed.
The hints metrics are useful to monitor all hints activities. A lot of hints stored and used indicate nodes being offline where hint delays, failures indicate a network or other communication issues.
CQL and Batch
CQL metrics include the number of statements executed of each type. The batch metrics include the number of batch statements executed. These metrics help to monitor the application activity and query semantics used. Use of logged and unlogged batches has its caveats in Cassandra, and they can cause performance penalty if not used correctly.
System Metrics
These metrics are not exported by Cassandra but those are obtained from the OS. These metrics are equally important as the Cassandra metrics to obtain system insights.
Disk Usage
The disk usage is subject to monitoring as Cassandra is optimized to write a lot of data in quick time. The real risk for disk fillup is from compactions. The default compaction strategy used for Cassandra is SizeTieredCompactionStrategy STCS. This strategy merges many SSTables and outputs a single SSTable. The resulting SSTable can have a size equal to the combined size of all the SSTables merged in it. Also, until a compaction operation ends, both old and new SSTables exist on disk.
The disk space guidelines for a cluster with most tables using STCS is to utilise the disk space up to 50% and to leave the rest as a room for compactions. Generally, disk space is cheaper in cost as compared to other resources and there is no harm to keep vacant space on nodes. However, if there is limited disk space available, disk monitoring becomes even more crucial as free disk left for compactions can be reduced further than general guidelines.
Remedy for high disk usage includes snapshot deletion as those can consume a considerable amount of space. Another method is to stop specific compaction operation; this frees space consumed by the new SSTables. The time until the compaction starts again can be utilizd to add more space.
Alerting: Set alerts for various stages of disk usage. The alerts can be categorized for severity based on the amount of free disk space on a node.
CPU Usage
CPU capacity in a Cassandra cluster contributes as the main processing capacity. The number of requests served by a node and the amount of data stored are the factors directly proportional to the CPU utilization. CPU utilization should be monitored to ensure the nodes are not overloaded.
A Cassandra cluster or a single data center should have all the nodes of similar size. Those should have an equal number of CPU cores, and the CPU utilization should also be equivalent. A single node or a few nodes with high CPU is an indication of uneven load or request processing across the nodes. It is observed that Cassandra is not CPU bound in most cases. However, a cluster or data center with high CPU utilization at most times should be considered for node size upgrade.
Alerting: Set alerts for specific levels of CPU utilization on nodes or just for a single threshold. The levels can be defined as per expected CPU load, e.g. 80%, 90%, >95% etc.
Monitoring tools
There are various tools available to set up Cassandra monitoring. I am describing here a few popular open-source tools used widely across the Cassandra community.
Prometheus is a metrics tool used for handling time-series based monitoring. It has alerting capability as well, which works on the time-series metrics. Prometheus can be configured to collect Cassandra metrics from nodes as well as the system metrics of the nodes. Prometheus uses exporters which are installed on the nodes and export data to Prometheus.
Prometheus runs with a time-series database to store metrics. The metrics are stored in the database and can be queried using promQL, a query language for Prometheus. Prometheus also runs a web UI which can be used to visualise the actual metrics, graphs, alert rules etc.
Alertmanager is the extension used for configuring alerts. Alertmanager has various integrations available for alerting including email, slack, hipchat, pagerduty etc. Prometheus has evolved over time, and it integrates well with the dropwizard metrics library.
Prometheus - time-series based cassandra monitoring
Grafana is a visualisation tool which can be used to visualize any time-series metrics. Grafana has various panels to showcase the data. The most commonly used panel is a graph. A graph is used to plot incoming data against a time-series in two dimensions.
Grafana integrates with various data sources. These sources are queried in real-time by Grafana to obtain metrics. Each Grafana panel has one or more queries configured to query a data source; the result of the query is rendered on the panel. Grafana uses Prometheus as a well-integrated data source.
Grafana - Time series metrics visualization
Cassandra Exporter
Cassandra exporter is Instaclustr’s open-source solution for collecting Cassandra metrics efficiently. It is designed to integrate with Cassandra JVM and collect and publish metrics. Hence, Cassandra exporter is a replacement for the JMX metrics.
JMX metrics in Cassandra have performance limitations and hence can cause some issues if used on systems with a large number of nodes. The Cassandra exporter has been well tested for optimal performance monitoring. The metrics produced by Cassandra exporter are also time-series and can be readily consumed by Prometheus. Please refer to the github page for information regarding configuration and usage.
Cassandra monitoring is essential to get insight into the database internals. Monitoring is a must for production systems to ensure optimal performance, alerting, troubleshooting, and debugging. There are a large number of Cassandra metrics out of which important and relevant metrics can provide a good picture of the system.
Finally, Instaclustr has the Cassandra monitoring expertise and capability with various options.
• Cassandra exporter is an excellent open source tool for optimal monitoring performance on large Cassandra clusters.
• Instaclustr Cassandra managed service uses a comprehensive monitoring-alerting service with 24×7 support and it is a good option to outsource all Cassandra operations and it comes with a free trial.
Instaclustr Cassandra Consulting services can help you with any monitoring or other Cassandra operations. | <urn:uuid:b921785f-57b2-4eef-befd-21d9ac4d57a3> | https://www.instaclustr.com/cassandra-monitoring-best-practice-guide/ | en | 0.896765 | 0.100154 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Unit 23: Epidemics, Viruses, and Pandemics
Basic actitivies (computer-graded)
Reading: Viruses, Epidemics, and Pandemics
Smaller than bacteria, viruses are microscopic organisms that need another living thing, a host, to live and multiply.
Multiple Choice
Pick the correct answer from a list.
Listening Comprehension
Listen to the word and type it in.
Spelling and Recognition
Type in the correct answer for each definition.
Advanced activities (teacher-graded)
Writing Activity
Pick a question and write about it.
Speaking Activity
Do the speaking activity. | <urn:uuid:7fcaa17d-e478-4c9f-86e9-c1861f8b2f19> | https://www.medicalenglish.com/module/core/unit/23 | en | 0.866169 | 0.994843 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |
Spring Summer 2020
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Queenie Brown Magazine
for Today's Real Person BEING Extraordinary.
What a year it's been - and it is only April.
Who would have believed, in our lifetime, the world would come to a stand still - a complete shut down of schools, businesses, recreational centers, cultural institutions, borders - even public parks - which is hard to understand until one considers the grime on monkey bars, slides, benches and swings - Yuck!"
We knew things were serious when: we had to line up six feet from the person in front of us to enter a store with only 6 customers inside! We knew things were very serious when major league sports cancelled their season then night/ day time hosts began broadcasting their shows from their homes... remember when "talk" about the virus began, and James Corden pointed to his studio desk, announcing, they'd stay "right here" keeping us entertained? Well, he now features various artists performing from their homes after being forced into hiatus due to "The Virus" in early March! We knew things were bad when cavalier leaders who promised "We have it totally under control" in January or who told us to, "have fun...go on spring break" as late as March - yeah, you know who I mean - backtracked, saying this virus is very serious; we need to stay home.
Ha! As@#%$s.
We knew things were really bad when the Chief Public Health Officer of Canada, CDC in the U.S. and various authorities across Europe either recommended wearing masks or made mask wearing mandatory, if only in specific areas (like Austria where basic mask wearing in supermarkets and other food and drug stores became compulsory). This was done as we learnt more about asymptomatic carriers spreading the virus to healthy people.
In reality, there is a group who saw all this coming. This "experience" is what our WWII Generation was talking about when they stuffed cash - a shocking amount of cash - under their mattresses, "just in case;" or saw value in coins... my grandmother gave me a dime when I was a child, and even then I wondered, "What the heck could I do with this?" She knew. She saved change all the time, always having change to offer for one purchase or another. How about that older person who warned about that possible "End of the World as We know It?" We thought s/he was an old, annoying, doom-sayer, didn't we? Guess s/he was not so "crazy," after all. These people had simply experienced Life Disasters before we did.
My questions is, are we saying, "Respect" to those people, now? You know, now that we have gained insight into their experiences: being locked in our homes; witnessing empty streets; worried about our income, worried about getting paid, worried about life; wondering what horror will come next or, my personal favourite, wondering "when this will all be over!"
Now that we have witnessed thousands of needless deaths, striking anyone at any time - without discretion - has this changed us ? Caused us to take pause and, maybe decide to take this precious time to BUILD, GROW, EXPAND, IMPROVE... or are we using this time... by wasting it?
Now that we have internalized that the worst IS possible, with blessings to those who suffered great loss, should we take this time to commit to our best? Even if our best means getting that long awaited rest.
As corny or new age or "hippy dippy (I like that expression)" as this sounds, committing this crucial time to our best selves is the opportunity in this horrid situation - the seed in the hard shell, as it were. This issue of queeniebrownmagazine.com is dedicated to that effort. We will examine how to clear our minds of all the JUNK that has been distracting us. We will assess what we want and how to Strive for IT, as opposed to merely dream about it. We will discuss what might be holding us back then include a solution to push through blocks onward to motivation then action. Of course, looking good along the way - just for ourselves - will be a bonus we cannot resist.
So, let's, get to it.
Oh My GOSH! We are in Love with Christopher!
Christopher John Rogers, that is.
Coming from perfomance backgrounds, we love all things with a taste for drama - unless it is destructive. Marc Jacob's SS NYFW video with his West Side Story meets cabaret show took our breaths away - and then there was Christopher's show ! Can you say, DRAMA??? Not as well as Chris can. Tell us we are wrong.
From bold delicious
colours, to fab hair few
would dare, to gender
blending done the only
way possible.
There was flounce,
florescence, tiers,
mixed patters,
sequences, iridescence,
peek a boo tummies, sleek
tailoring, oversize jackets,
ruffles, bows, animal print
and so much more! Deep breath in...
and out... Sherri Hill was lovely, and Damowang pretty frickin' cool. With that said...
Christoper John Rogers, we love you! Please come speak with us. Or better yet, Let's just gibber gabber over a cocktail and treats.
Paranoid, right?
So, if we never hear the term Coronavirus, again, it would be far too soon for most of us. I mean, do we NEED another person gabbing on about coronavirus this and coronavirus that, Covid 19, specifically?
But, why are we so touchy - excuse the pun. Are we tired of the discussion because we have been inundated with it for over twelve weeks or are we tired of the discussion because it - excuse the expression - scares the shite out of us and we just want to STOP thinking about possibly dying, sooner rather than later?
If you were to ask me (and I know you haven't but I am going to share, anyway) this is an important conversation to have, We should continue having this conversations until we ALL comprehend the seriousness of these viruses!
Look, I don't want to talk about pandemics any more than the next person. I prefer to avoid all thoughts of lying in bed, lungs filled with - what? dead cells? fluid? congesting me to the point of being unable to breathe. The thought of dying this way is terribly, desperately, horrifying. But, the rational behind having this discussion (about a grave illness thus a hideous way to die) is to avoid having the experience of either! If we have to discuss it to FIGHT AGAINST IT, and avoid causing other pandemics,
Let's Do It!
Maybe, it's from being raised by a germ fearing Jamaican mother (let's get a whoot whoot for all mothers who freaked out when their kids got dirty or wanted to touch nasty things then bring their nasty thing touching hands home), I hate germs. I hate the thought of germs, I hate other people's germs - I am evolved enough to appreciate my own germs; they help my body protect itself and survive and all the scientific-y things bacteria that live on our persons (that thought took me a while to digest after that science class with... what was that grade seven teacher's name???) do. But, the thought of germs gives me the willies. Have you SEEN them under a microscope?
My mother drummed into our heads (mine and my three siblings' heads) to wash our hands: "After you use the bathroom, blow your nose, come from outside - especially if you go to other people's houses and touched their things - and (lawd God) GOD please! don't put your bare bottom on their toilets!" When I was a child, you KNOW she held me up, hovering over the seat, if I had to use a public washroom... when I became too heavy she taught me to squat... these days I strategically line toilet paper atop the seat - yes! that's what takes me so long when I am in there!).
I don't mind a welcoming hug, but, even with dear friends and family I'd prefer an air kiss - three times is fine - to you kissing me on the lips. In fact, I would prefer an air kiss hug to shaking your hand! Not because I don't know where your hand has been, but because I don't know how well you washed your hand after having it there! You could be scratching all sorts of places (we all have to do it), that is fine, as long as you washed that hand well - VERY WELL - after.
Truth is, I followed what my mother taught me - how could I not, with the insistent pounding message? But, I thought her messaging was a tad extreme... I mean, really? if I don't wash my underpants by hand before putting them in the washing machine they are still dirty? Or, If I don't have a shower for ONE NIGHT, a rat will drag me away (never to be seen or heard from again)?
Still, I complied.
It was in my 20's, I shockingly discovered, not every person was taught the same cleanliness etiquette, our mother insisted upon. For instance, did you know some people DO NOT wash their hands after going to the bathroom? Or they'd quickly swish fingers beneath a running tap for three seconds then dash from the bathroom. I have personally witnessed this. Some people cough in their hands, pick their noses, yes, even scratch their private parts then have the nerve to be offended if you refuse to shake their hand!
Let's talk about being in public while sick. Do you know some people will enter a building, where they know colleagues and friends work, SICK! and not isolate themselves? It is understandable some individuals cannot afford to stay home in spite of how poorly they feel. But, precautions can be taken: gloves can be worn, as well as masks; things touched could be wiped; coughs and sneezes can go into elbows/ upon sleeves; COLLEAGUES CAN BE WARNED SO THEY CAN TAKE PRECAUTIONS!
But, God forbid someone look stupid.
Instead, friends are infected (forcing them to take germs home to their loved ones - especially that elderly person who is particularly susceptible).
My all time favourites, are those who hop on a plane for that vital business meeting or that long awaited vacation, feeling unwell but taking NO precautions in keeping their germs to themselves! Again, why look stupid... I wonder, do they think, "Screw other people. I have important things to do." Or, do they think other people want to catch their illness.
Maybe they don't think about other people, at all.
Frankly, I believe we are far too mobile. Folks are running from this side of the globe to the other because we are desperate to have a fabulous EXPERIENCE or must make money for the corporation. Why is it so important to be jet setters, these days? How much profit is enough? Who are we trying to be? I believe this back and forth traveling (particularly for unnecessary reasons) is from where these pandemics stem. It occurs to me, we humans cannot adapt well to germs from other geographies. We have a difficult enough time managing our own local viruses. Remember how the British decimated the First Nations population with a simple cough (or was it a touch)? Notice the price drop of stock markets across the world because someone traveled from Wuhan China in 2019? What about that Italian merchant ship that fled attackers in Crimea only to rush home with the Bubonic Plague? We should not be jetting back and forth spreading our local germs.
OR travel depots must sternly amp travel precautions avoiding such disasters.
Frankly, all the jet setting and non hand-washing and exposing colleagues to germs was a beef I had when working in the nine to five world. I believed then (as I believe now) in social isolation (must I specify when feeling sick?). Yes, I know we are contagious often before symptom begin! Why are we squeezing against each other like eels in a barrel to share an experience? Why is a boss's bottom line more important than the employee's health? Why must we (who are vigilant with our precautions) suffer because of those who are careless, inconsiderate and or nasty? I like a good conversation like the next person, but, seeing people every 21 days is just fine, with me. If we must be more social, that's what telephones are for! Six feet are close enough after the air kisses: moi, moi, moi - step back. If, every flu season, we practice what Covid 19 has forced us to practice, I believe the annual influenza epidemics around the world would result far less in the 3-5 million cases of severe illnesses and 250,000 to 500,000 deaths (as estimated by WHO).
Sure, we should attend social gatherings: parties, concerts, restaurants, local theaters, but, allow people their "bacteria border" (that's a whole other article), and
Where did this "soldier on" when you are sick mindset come from?
Highlighting people who cannot afford to stay home is less the issue than highlighting the organization that penalizes workers who do (stay home when ill). Sure, there are individuals who take advantage of systems that support "staying home while sick", but, let's be honest, we all know who those individuals are. They should be penalized for their bad behaviour, not the rest of us. Unions must stop protecting such behaviour in order to safeguard the rest of us - literally. There should be zero tolerance for the assholes (excuse my language, that slipped) ruining it for conscientious people while organizations, institutions, corporations, bosses in general, take responsibility for changing the "coming to work sick" attitude. Entering a public environment, ill, is irresponsible as opposed to admirable. If you are sick, stay at home, wipe what you touch, call in for help if you need groceries - and Lawd God! stop
sending sick children to places healthy children attend! You KNOW you do it.
Finally. ALL governments must work in cooperation under obligation to the people they (are supposed to) serve. I say, are supposed to serve because we all know many officials are self serving bastar - opps! almost did it, again - we know many government officials are out for themselves instead of the general public. Governments should be working in cooperation so if a virus hits, that origin region can be shut down and placed under quarantine. Immediately. No one should be allowed in or out for that area until the quarantine period is over. Emergency medical professionals should be dumped in the area - before the rest of the world suffers. Governments must STOP posturing, faking, lying and actually PROTECT its people - finally. Considering our technologies and abilities, it should take far less than THREE MONTHS (about what it took with COVID 19) to shut everything down, if necessary (which could be avoided if the origin location is closed, right away). Of course, in the COVID 19 circumstances THEY had to allow time to dump their stocks for a good price and get their loved ones to a place of safety before the rest of us sheep began baaing. I sound cynical, it's true. Don't just listen to me, read this article written in The Atlantic by Ed Yong March 20/20.
But, what do I know? This could just me be being paranoid. Right?
You might recall our QueenieBrownmagazine.com, Christmas 2017 Edition, wherein we introduced you to Patricia Kumbakisaka as a Special Mention.
This international child: born in Romania, raised in Greece then Canada; speaker of five languages with a goal of becoming a diplomat with the United Nations was so impressive, we felt it necessary to share her with you - in spite of her (then) tender (28) years (she recently turned 31. Happy birthday, Patricia).
Right on time and as expected, Patricia continues to shine. You can read more about her here: https://www.100abcwomen.ca/patricia-kumbakisaka-on/ where Patricia is named, one of Canada’s 100Accomplished Black Women of the year to be awarded this fall. We continue to be impressed by this young woman, and are proud to know her. Go, Patricia!
Patricia Kumbakisaka, a quintessential example of how today's young person can grow into tomorrow's Real Person BEING Extraordinary.
Take Your NOW Moment;
Stressed, bored, restless, overwhelmed, lonely, depressed...
just a few words used to describe our current Stay at Home situation.
If you are feeling any thing other than hopeful, restful, joyful, contentment even just patient then this message is for you.
First of all, understand, you are not alone. This message might sound trite or like a lie established to appease The People, but, few truer words were ever spoken. Think about this for a moment: at no other time in our history - except maybe in our Small Tribe days - has the world been "one" in an experience. This is the first time that every human, regardless of age, gender, orientation, ethnicity, social status, pigmentation, creed or religion is/ has or will be touched by a single occurrence. Allow that to sink in... even the Bubonic Plague, in it's rage, killing approximately 50 million people, remained within the European borders touching into Northern Africa and Spain (in the mid 1300s).
Maybe, this situation has you so frazzled the uniqueness of this reality is irrelevant amidst the torment of your thoughts. Maybe, you don't care that every person is in your shoes, somehow, battling along beside you. Maybe your thoughts are so powerful they are overwhelming you, isolating you, literally driving you crazy.
If you feel helpless, hopeless, like you are losing yourself (second of all), call, text someone, foster a pet - SKYPE! We humans are social creatures who NEED face to face communication to employ "connection." If you have no friends or family who can help, know, there are organizations with staffed phone lines; religious leaders regardless of your classification; or local political members who can direct you to help. Go to a hospital - Yes. The world is odd right now - hospitals are still here to help - everyone in dire need.
Maybe, you are not in dire need, but, long to regroup (and you don't want to call your friend or family member - again - at this hour). Take a moment for YOU. This is about gaining clarity. Take a moment for yourself to regroup. Take Your Now Moment.
What does that mean/ how do you do that?
Decide you are going to take ten minutes to check in with yourself. Wait until the kids fall asleep, take a bath - or shower! Heck, lock yourself in a closet if you have to. Close your eyes, and just for a moment look inside your body. Do a body scan - an internal glance of what may be going on - what you are feeling in a section of your body: your limbs, joints, organs, air passages; from the bottom of your feet to the top of your head. All you are thinking about during this scan is the part of your body you are looking at from inside your body. How does it feel? If it is "fine," move on to the next body part. If you feel an ache or discomfort, massage it with the warmth you feel on a perfect sunny day. Allow that warmth to absorb into the area while slowly breathing in (at the count of four) then out (for the count of four), until you feel that area ease, soothe, relax. Move onward until you reach the top of your head where you take a final look. Once you realize everything is fine - that stress, that tension, that unease, has settled/ is gone - understand you are more than just fine; you are good. Realize that YOU are actually quite good. Know that right in that moment... and the next ...and the next... you are actually doing well. You are Good. Open your eyes.
Adding music or sounds - even listening to the birds out your window or children laughing - can aid in your check in. Play a song, put on the radio, hum, sing! Whatever works for you, do. This is called, Taking Your NOW Moment.
Avoid the
worry of
tomorrow by
returning to you,
Your Now Moment.
If you are a
planner, feeling
like your hands
are tied in this
unforeseen future
what you will
do for today -
maybe even next
week. What have
you always wanted to
do if you had the time?
You have time now, do it.
It would be unfortunate coming out of this time with regret over - anything. Equally important, plan for your "return to normal." It will arrive sooner than you think.
Will you return to doing things as you always did them or are there things you can do better, more efficiently, more in support of an enjoyable life? Make a list of what and how things may change or a list of why things are good, and can remain the same. This is another way of "checking in" with yourself. It is necessary to check in because, sometimes, things get busy, and it is hard to juggle all the thoughts in your head and emotions that go along with those thought. Sometimes, we humans over react, under react or freeze due to all the information we are trying to process. Taking Your Now Moment - checking in - is a perfect practice that can allow your mind and body the opportunity to learn how to regulate - learn how to cope during stressful times.
Why is it important to learn coping techniques during difficult times?
You want to avoid being that adult who throws temper tantrums because their feelings are over whelming. More importantly, you want to avoid the effects of stress chemicals that - as we all know - creates disease.
End blind reactions, stress and/or temper tantrums. Give your mind and body a break by teaching it to cope. Yes, learning to breathe, self soothe, relax, ask yourself sincere questions is the best way of doing that. Dis - ease in the body is manageable. Taking Your Now Moment can help you do that.
Take Your NOW Moment; say, "Bye bye, Tough Times!"
Sacred Acoustics currently offers meditative recordings at a discounted price - or FREE - as a Covid relief. Check them out, here.
Featuring, Andrea Blum.
So, you think standing in a line to shop for groceries is bad; avoiding other shoppers, in said grocery store, difficult; then there is the (almost?) empty store shelves and the restrictions placed on the favourite item(s) you want to purchase - annoyingly inconvenient, No?
If you think these experiences are challenging, picture communist Romania 1980, where you did not line up to purchase items on your grocery list, you lined up to put basic necessities on your table. We speak not just of "necessities" you fancy for a dinner recipe or breakfast menu the next morning, but, real basic food items like a loaf of bread and milk (if you were lucky). As for meat. What meat? It would be no surprise witnessing a person boiling their shoes to make soup!
Can't imagine it? Andrea Blum can.
It is unnecessary that she try to conjure images of this unfathomable (to most North Americans) time because
she lived it.
Today, you would never know
the frightful struggles Andrea survived.
Ranked as the top 1% in Toronto, top 5% as well as "Top Tier Real Estate agent" in Canada; rewarded top awards five years in a row, Andrea's tireless work ethic is challenged by few. Her cool, respectful, honest, approach makes her a real estate agent clients can trust.
As if her unwavering work ethic, sincerity, analytic ability is not enough, this Fine Arts grad channels her talents through the FREE staging element of her business. Many may hear "staging" and think, "Phooey, Money Grab!" But, remember, Staging is free with Andrea, and her designer's taste is stellar. Accept it.
Do more than take our word for it, find Andrea here: http://www.andreablumteam.com
0r here: https://www.instagram.com
or here: https://www.facebook.com/andreablumteam/
See for yourself.
Covid - off the Cuff!
Venturing out on our day to day (more like week to week) life, we took the opportunity to speak with folks working on the front line to get a real glimpse into their lives. We asked four questions (you only have so much time during a casual conversation): How are you doing? What is it like, for you and your colleagues, doing this job? How is your family (what do they think of you working on the front line)? and, Are you (guys - family/ folks you live with) scared? Here are their answers.
"I am so tired. We are all exhausted.
We have a lot of people calling in(to the hospital
information line) who are self isolating with lots
of questions. Mainly, I think people just need someone to talk
to - to reassure them, you know? We try to talk to them but only
have so much time, so, might direct them to Teleheath or a help
line that can give them more time. At work, Covid is all we
talk about. I, personally, try to get away outside for a fifteen
minute walk just to get “it” out of my head. But, we barely
can get a moment because we are extremely short staffed.
Sure it is scary but we don’t really have time to be scared on
the job - we have to keep moving... My life is Covid 19 all
day long because I deal with it at work then get home and
my husband is following it closely on the news. I am lucky,
though, because my husband cooks me dinner. When I get
home, I just crash on the couch because I can’t move - I am
so tired - then I get up the next day and do it all over, again.
We all just really want it to be over. I wish this was over.”
I have never been so busy! People have to get where they
need to go. They need my service, and I talk about whatever
they want. Most people just want to know there is someone
who will make them laugh, that’s what I try to do - make them
laugh - distract them. I can’t be scared; I have a job to do. I have
to make a living - I have a family to feed! So, I don’t have
time to be afraid. I take precautions: constantly washing
my hands. When I get home, I take off my work clothes and
wash them while I have a shower. My wife and children
are fine. They know I am careful and would not put them
at risk. But, what am I going to do, be scared? I have to do
my job.
Uber Driver
I never really thought of myself as a front line worker
- essential worker, yes, we (colleagues and she) talk
about it all the time, people need their mail. It's not very
different (doing her job during Covid 19) except for what
is on the news. Those hospital workers are the
ones on the front line and grocery store cashiers. Me?
I am just doing my job
My family is good. They are taking care of themselves.
I live alone. No I am not scared. We just focus
on getting people their mail. We take precautions
social distancing and such, but, mail has to be
processed and delivered.
Yeah, I don't mind this. It is more orderly.
A steady flow of people all day long,
all week long. Not like a mad dash of folks
grabbing booze for the weekend or anything.
I like this. It feels safer.
I am used to it.
LCBO Employee
Interesting fact, after thanking each person we spoke with for their service, including grocery store cashiers, business exec - guess who coordinates those stranded cruise line guests or emergency protective gear cargo pick ups - they said, "You are welcome. It is nice to hear. But, folks have to eat/get home/ receive their mail/ be protected/ get well. I am just doing my job." Wow. Impressive.
At home looking for something to
whip up?
How about a tasty Pineapple Drink?
We jacked this Creamy Pineapple Shake
image from
because it looked so DANG good. Their recipe here:
But our tasty treat is:
1/2 a pineapple with a touch of Cantaloupe,
1 cup of ice (optional)
blended with
1 cup of Mango Sherbet (or ice cream if you must - choose your own flavour),
topped with a dab of whipped cream!
So simple for a quick tasty treat.
Oh so good... by the way, we also added a splash (well, two splashes) of
Wray and Nephew Jamaican White Rum.
That's why there is no picture of our Pineapple Slusher. We finished it before the photographer arrived!
Drink responsibly.
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I was talking to a friend and when I told her I was watching TWD, she asked me about the show. I told her the premise of the show is that people die and turn into zombies. She immediately wrote "premise?". I thought I might have used the wrong word and it made me feel embarrassed. So I quickly checked for it's meaning on Google.
Here's what showed up
2. Base an argument, theory, or undertaking on.
I still feel like I used the word correctly. Can someone please tell me if I was wrong?
• 1
The premise of the book is [blah blah] - estimated 17,100 hits in Google Books. – FumbleFingers Sep 17 '18 at 14:13
• 3
Not at all. I just searched for book because I couldn't decide whether to choose movie or film. But The premise of the film is [blah blah] gets 4,670 hits. No disrespect, but this kind of question really belongs on our sister site English Language Learners – FumbleFingers Sep 17 '18 at 15:04
• 5
Your friend simply might not have known what "premise" means. Although it's a common word, someone who's not very interested in writing (books, film, etc) might reasonably be unfamiliar with it. – user91988 Sep 17 '18 at 18:15
• 1
Is your friend a native English speaker? I think it's very likely that she simply didn't know the word. – Ivo Beckers Sep 18 '18 at 9:37
• 1
@only_pro That's possible, especially since I noticed while researching an answer that many online dictionary definitions of "premise" don't actually include the sense used here (dramatic premise), and focus on logical premises or premises in the sense of land and buildings. If she didn't recognise this use of the word and looked it up in online dictionaries, she'd have been understandably confused. – user56reinstatemonica8 Sep 18 '18 at 9:59
Your use of the word premise is entirely correct:
• The research project is based on the premise stated earlier.
• We should start from the premise that circumstances might change.
• The conclusions you have drawn are based on a false premise.
• We should work on the premise that this plan will be successful.
• Could you explain the basic premise of your argument? Your reasoning is based on a misguided premise.
As you can see from the examples, the use of "premise" is not limited to books, stories, movies, etc., however in filmmaking
The premise of a film or screenplay is the initial state of affairs that drives the plot.
• For example: A lonely boy is befriended by an alien;
• A small town is terrorized by a shark;
• A small boy sees dead people.
In my opinion, the filmmaking definition of premise boils down to the same thing
An assertion or proposition which forms the basis for a work or theory.
• ‘the fundamental premise of the report’
Your sentence is grammatically sound. I have absolutely no doubts about that, and I reaffirm my answer.
I haven't watched TWD, so I honestly don't know if the premise that "people die and turn into zombies" is, in fact, the premise of TWD, as the ensuing debate in the comments alleges it isn't.
| improve this answer | |
• 7
@Anonymous These quoted definitions do also illustrate why the usage of the word feels a bit "off" - not wrong exactly, but probably not quite what you intend. "People die and turn into zombies" is the premise of the zombie genre - the fundamental idea from which everything else follows. If you say it's the premise of this show - the fundamental idea from which this specific plot follows - it sounds like a biting criticism (pun intended). You are implying that TWD and every other work of zombie fiction all share the same premise, implying the genre is formulaic and lacking creativity. – user56reinstatemonica8 Sep 17 '18 at 19:47
• 3
@user568458 The premise can have different levels of detail. A very general premise is indeed common to much of the genre. You can have a more detailed premise that distinguishes this show. – Barmar Sep 17 '18 at 23:51
• Grammatical soundness is not the same as correct usage. "Colorless green ideas sleep furiously" is a grammatically sound sentence, but is semantically nonsensical. – Dancrumb Sep 18 '18 at 20:37
A "premise", per the definition, is foundational to the plot. There's several problems with proposing that your suggestion is the actual premise to TWD.
It does a poor job of describing -this- story
Your suggestion can be re-written, accurately, as "the premise is that the story is set in this genre". I.e., your suggestion equally describes Zombieland, Shaun of the Dead, 28 days later, TWD, and literally every other story within the larger Zombie-setting. As such, it's not very meaningful to describe the premise in this way.
This story doesn't require your premise to work.
Foundational elements of stories often vary independently of the setting. Romeo and Juliet could be told equally well in Verona, Italy, concerning nobleman and ladies as it can in the Bronx, concerning street gangs as it can with Garden-Gnomes. The premise of Romeo and Juliet persists throughout those versions of the classic tale.
Similarly, TWD's premise has very little to do with "zombies", if anything at all.
It's my opinion that TWD's premise is "Man struggles to adapt to post-apocalyptic environment".
| improve this answer | |
• I gave you a down vote for two reasons--first this isn't an answer to the language question, the OP did use the word correctly even if you disagree that it is the actual premise of the show, it is at least a reasonable premise. And also because your definition of premise isn't consistent, since you say it can't be too broad, and then you conclude that the premise is very broad indeed. – user3067860 Sep 18 '18 at 16:40
• First, OP made a statement, and it confused his conversational partner. OP has come here and asked us if it is a mistake on OP's part in regards to the use of "premise" or not. And the fact of the matter is, it is a mistake on OP's part in regards to the use of "premise". The distinction between HOW OP misused the word "premise"(picked the wrong word or misidentified which thing was indeed the premise) is simply not salient here. – godskook Sep 18 '18 at 17:29
• Second, any description can result in an infinite number of plots. My suggested premise, however, will identify reasonably similar plots, similar to my example of Romeo and Juliet and the various adaptions thereof. Whereas OP's pick identifies very -different- plots. World War Z doesn't share premise or plot with TWD, but it would according to OP. – godskook Sep 18 '18 at 17:35
• Zombieland, Shaun of the Dead, and 28 days later are also all stories about people struggling to adapt to a post-apocalyptic environment... The only variation there is that SotD eventually becomes post post apocalyptic. You would also be covering the whole Fallout series, anything described as "last man on Earth", etc., etc. – user3067860 Sep 18 '18 at 17:44
It's valid usage, but it implies you think the show is generic
A premise is what forms the basis of a theory or a plot
The premise is the core idea of a work of fiction - the essence from which everything else follows.
It's a strong word. You can say that the premise of The Walking Dead is that people die and come back as zombies, and it would not be incorrect usage of the word - but it implies criticism if you say the premise is something so thin and generic that it is true of any work of zombie fiction.
"The premise is that people die and come back as zombies" is something a critic might say in a scathing review accusing The Walking Dead of being just another formulaic zombie show.
This is almost certainly why your friend questioned your use of the word. It was probably clear from context that you believe there is more to the show than some people dying then coming back as zombies.
Some real usage examples
Let's compare that to some typical usage of the word in this context:
The premise is that a dangerous criminal has threatened carnage at the Miss United States Pageant
The film's premise is that the three women spend a lot of time spying on others, but they are unable to see problems closer to home
You see how the film critics quoted have not simply described a detail of the situation of the film. They are saying something about the fundamental idea of the work, while communicating something deeper about what the experience of the story is like: tension and drama, a moral twist, an ironic contrast.
A premise can be very short, but if someone describes a premise in a way that sounds generic or bland, that will reflect their view of the work itself:
There is no dramatic tension to this film - the entire premise is already summarised in the title [Miracles From Heaven]
Some examples of what is missing
I've not seen the show, but I imagine a better premise might be:
• the struggle to survive when the dead return as zombies.
This communicates an idea of what drives the plot (characters motivated by survival, constant daily struggles) and what the experience of the show is like (tension, intensity, threat, some level of realism and grit), as well as the mechanics of the situation (the zombies part).
But maybe I've misread the publicity and the premise is actually:
• a grave digger has to dramatically change his business when the dead return as zombies, with hilarious consequences
• a couple's relationship is shaken when the dead return as zombies, and an old flame makes an unexpected return
• an underperforming sports team have a chance to change their fortune when the dead return as zombies
The premises of these shows are very different, but "the dead return as zombies" is true of all of them.
| improve this answer | |
• 1
I don't feel that criticism is necessarily implied by an overly vague description of a premise. – Colm Sep 18 '18 at 13:41
• I never said that vagueness implies criticism: I said that a thin and generic premise implies the speaker sees little of interest in the work. A detailed but dull premise would imply a dull work: "Three generations of a Vermont family watch eight different types of paint dry" is specific, but it doesn't sound like the summariser has found much interest or engagement. "A family's tensions and secrets spill over during home redecoration" is more vague, but implies the summariser found some drama and engagement. – user56reinstatemonica8 Sep 18 '18 at 15:31
That is more a premise than the premise. The premise of the the show, as swbarnes2 said, is that "the world has been overrun by zombies, collapsing civilization". That people die and turn into zombies is part of that, but not the central issue. For instance, on the show iZombie, it's true that "people die and become zombies" (for some definition of "die" and "zombies"), but it's a much different show. The Walking Dead isn't a show about dying and turning into a zombie, any more than it's a show about people who keep pet tigers. It's a show about living in a world where you constantly have to decide what you're willing to do to survive. It's about these three questions: "How many walkers have you killed? How many humans have you killed? Why?"
| improve this answer | |
Premise is technically correct usage, but it glosses over a lot.
It might be truer to say that "One of the conceits of the show 'The Walking Dead' is that people turn into zombies when they die"
Conceit in this case used similarly to Concept. It's part of the underlying rules of the show, and it drives some elements of the plot. But the show isn't just about people dying and turning into zombies.
| improve this answer | |
It may be that she prefers the spelling "Premiss" in this context. After all, "Premise" may refer a single unit of accommodation or commercial activity, though it is true that "Premises" works just as well in this context. I believe this ambiguity and/or dichotomy has been discussed on StackExchange in another context.
| improve this answer | |
• Welcome to ELU. This seems a plausible answer but could you add any references to back it up? I’ve just looked up premiss and Collins simply says it’s a variant of premise. There are probably better references that detail the difference, though. – Pam Sep 23 '18 at 19:28
• There is a brief discussion regarding the difference between Premise and Premiss in another thread on Stack. I'm sorry I don't know how to do a cross-reference. There is a better citation there. – user1787771 Sep 27 '18 at 15:00
• you can just paste a link. Put the highlighted words in square brackets and the link in normal brackets right next to it and it'll come up as a hyper link. – Pam Sep 27 '18 at 16:25
• OK I'll try that now. How's this? ...Seems to work – user1787771 Sep 27 '18 at 17:17
I would say, no, you aren't using the word quite right. The premise of the show is that the world has been overrun by zombies, collapsing civilization. That more are being created through natural death, instead of by zombie bite is a detail of world building, but not the premise of the show.
If there was another show, set 100 years later, where civilization was restored, and the show was about the people who monitor the population, to swiftly deal with people who unexpectedly die and come back as zombies...there, the premise would be that people who die come back as zombies.
| improve this answer | |
• 8
This is a differing opinion on what the premise is. OP still used the word correctly. – user91988 Sep 17 '18 at 18:16
• 3
But a "premise" is not a small worldbuilding detail, which is how the OP was using it. It's the fundamental thing that drives the plot. The shows are about people dealing with the collapse of civilization, not people who are extra careful about dealing with corpses. – swbarnes2 Sep 17 '18 at 18:32
• 1
Some comments on this answer have been deleted. Remember to stay respectful and kind. Best to avoid sarcasm, jokes, subtle (or not-so-subtle) putdowns or unfriendly language, bigotry, or harassment. If a situation makes it hard to act kindly, stop posting. Instead, flag harmful behavior to alert moderators. More information: Expected Behavior, Code of Conduct. – MetaEd Sep 17 '18 at 21:17
• You are mixing up premise, plot, and story... bridgetostory.com/classes/lessons/lesson/47/premise-vs.-plot – user3067860 Sep 18 '18 at 17:14
This is a common and well understood use of the noun "premise" If it conforms to the original use of the word, I do not know. If it doesn't it would be an example of the expansion of the living, growing wonderful language of Shakespeare.
| improve this answer | |
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| <urn:uuid:8163398c-d780-4e66-a301-1e8ce8d98e3f> | https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/464654/is-it-correct-to-say-that-the-premise-of-the-show-the-walking-dead-is-that-peo | en | 0.949861 | 0.660487 | mlfoundations/dclm-baseline-1.0-parquet |