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Windows_command

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cmd
If you run a command that uses a first token that isn't a command or the file path to an existing file with an extension, Cmd.exe uses the value of the PATHEXT environment variable to determine which extensions to look for and in what order. The default value for the PATHEXT variable is .COM;.EXE;.BAT;.CMD;.VBS;.VBE;.JS;.JSE;.WSF;.WSH;.MSC
Cmd.exe
.COM;.EXE;.BAT;.CMD;.VBS;.VBE;.JS;.JSE;.WSF;.WSH;.MSC
Note the syntax is the same as the PATH variable, with semicolons (;) separating each extension.
start searches for a specified executable file, and if found the executable will launch regardless of the current working directory. When searching for an executable file, if there's no match on any extension, start checks to see if the name matches a directory name. If it does, start opens Explorer.exe on that path.
Explorer.exe
Examples
To start the Myapp program at the command prompt and retain use of the current Command Prompt window, type:
start Myapp
To view the start command-line help topic in a separate maximized Command Prompt window, type:
start /max start /?
subst
Associates a path with a drive letter. If used without parameters, subst displays the names of the virtual drives in effect.
Syntax
subst [<drive1>: [<drive2>:]<path>]
subst <drive1>: /d
Parameters
Parameter
Description
<drive1>:
Specifies the virtual drive to which you want to assign a path.
[<drive2>:]<path>
Specifies the physical drive and path that you want to assign to a virtual drive.
/d
Deletes a substituted (virtual) drive.
/?
Displays help at the command prompt.
<drive1>:
[<drive2>:]<path>
Remarks
The following commands don't work and must not be used on drives specified in the subst command:
chkdsk command
diskcomp command
diskcopy command
format command
label command
recover command
The <drive1> parameter must be within the range that is specified by the lastdrive command. If not, subst displays the following error message: Invalid parameter - drive1:
<drive1>
Invalid parameter - drive1:
Examples
To create a virtual drive z for the path b:\user\betty\forms, type:
subst z: b:\user\betty\forms
Instead of typing the full path, you can reach this directory by typing the letter of the virtual drive followed by a colon as follows:
z:
sxstrace
Applies to: Windows Server 2022, Windows Server 2019, Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows Server 2012
Diagnoses side-by-side problems.
Syntax
sxstrace [{[trace -logfile:<filename> [-nostop]|[parse -logfile:<filename> -outfile:<parsedfile> [-filter:<appname>]}]
Parameters
Parameter
Description
trace
Enables tracing for side-by-side.
-logfile
Specifies the raw log file.
<filename>
Saves tracing log to <filename.
-nostop
Specifies that you shouldn't receive a prompt to stop tracing.
parse
Translates the raw trace file.