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Description
/d
Stops attempts to resolve the IP addresses of intermediate routers to their names. This can speed up the return of results.
/h <maximumhops>
Specifies the maximum number of hops in the path to search for the target (destination). The default is 30 hops.
/j <hostlist>
Specifies that echo Request messages use the Loose Source Route option in the IP header with the set of intermediate destinations specified in <hostlist>. With loose source routing, successive intermediate destinations can be separated by one or multiple routers. The maximum number of addresses or names in the list is 9. The <hostlist> is a series of IP addresses (in dotted decimal notation) separated by spaces. Use this parameter only when tracing IPv4 addresses.
/w <timeout>
Specifies the amount of time in milliseconds to wait for the ICMP time Exceeded or echo Reply message corresponding to a given echo Request message to be received. If not received within the time-out, an asterisk (*) is displayed. The default time-out is 4000 (4 seconds).
/R
Specifies that the IPv6 Routing extension header be used to send an echo Request message to the local host, using the destination as an intermediate destination and testing the reverse route.
/S <srcaddr>
Specifies the source address to use in the echo Request messages. Use this parameter only when tracing IPv6 addresses.
/4
Specifies that tracert.exe can use only IPv4 for this trace.
/6
Specifies that tracert.exe can use only IPv6 for this trace.
<targetname>
Specifies the destination, identified either by IP address or host name.
/?
Displays help at the command prompt.
<maximumhops>
<hostlist>
<hostlist>
<hostlist>
<timeout>
*
<srcaddr>
<targetname>
Examples
To trace the path to the host named corp7.microsoft.com, type:
tracert corp7.microsoft.com
To trace the path to the host named corp7.microsoft.com and prevent the resolution of each IP address to its name, type:
tracert /d corp7.microsoft.com
To trace the path to the host named corp7.microsoft.com and use the loose source route 10.12.0.1/10.29.3.1/10.1.44.1, type:
tracert /j 10.12.0.1 10.29.3.1 10.1.44.1 corp7.microsoft.com
tree
Displays the directory structure of a path or of the disk in a drive graphically. The structure displayed by this command depends upon the parameters that you specify at the command prompt. If you don't specify a drive or path, this command displays the tree structure beginning with the current directory of the current drive.
Syntax
tree [<drive>:][<path>] [/f] [/a]
Parameters
Parameter
Description
<drive>:
Specifies the drive that contains the disk for which you want to display the directory structure.
<path>
Specifies the directory for which you want to display the directory structure.
/f
Displays the names of the files in each directory.
/a
Specifies to use text characters instead of graphic characters to show the lines that link subdirectories.
/?
Displays help at the command prompt.
<drive>:
<path>
Examples
To display the names of all the subdirectories on the disk in your current drive, type:
tree \