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1,600 | The Midlands Trial of Empirical Amiodarone versus Electrophysiology-guided Interventions and Implantable Cardioverter-defibrillators (MAVERIC): a multi-centre prospective randomised clinical trial on the secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death. | MAVERIC was a randomised clinical trial designed to test the possibility of prospectively identifying patients who would benefit most from the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) by electrophysiology (EP) study in the context of secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD) through comparing EP-guided int... |
1,601 | New-onset sustained ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation early after cardiac operations. | Malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmia early after cardiac surgery is an uncommon arrhythmic complication but has a negative impact on mortality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of new-onset sustained postoperative ventricular tachycardia-ventricular fibrillation and to identify risk factors for ... |
1,602 | Review of the predictive value of the Langendorff heart model (Screenit system) in assessing the proarrhythmic potential of drugs. | Prolongation of the QTc interval of the electrocardiogram (ECG) is used as a surrogate marker for a rare, but life threatening, ventricular arrhythmia known as torsades de pointes (TdP). However, the clear link between QTc prolongation and the arrhythmogenic risk has not been demonstrated unequivocally. In the present ... |
1,603 | Anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation. | Anticoagulation with warfarin is the most effective means of reducing stroke in AF. The generally recommended INR goal is 2-3. Aspirin provides a modest degree of stroke protection in AF but is inferior to warfarin. Assessment of stroke risk is critical in determining whether to prescribe warfarin therapy to a patient ... |
1,604 | Enalapril prevents perpetuation of atrial fibrillation by suppressing atrial fibrosis and over-expression of connexin43 in a canine model of atrial pacing-induced left ventricular dysfunction. | Effects of enalapril on a canine model of atrial pacing-induced atrial fibrillation (AF) with rapid ventricular responses were determined.</AbstractText>Four weeks of atrial rapid pacing was performed on twenty-four beagles pretreated with placebo (Group I, n = 14) or enalapril 1 mg/kg (Group II, n = 10). Atrial effect... |
1,605 | Brain function after resuscitation from cardiac arrest. | In industrial countries the incidence of cardiac arrest is still increasing. Almost 80% of cardiac arrest survivors remains in coma for varying lengths of time and full cerebral recovery is still a rare event. After successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation, cerebral recirculation disturbances and complex metabolic post... |
1,606 | Waveforms for defibrillation and cardioversion: recent experimental and clinical studies. | The advent of biphasic waveforms for external defibrillation has generated extensive experimental and clinical investigation. At the same time, it has led to the development and clinical use of biphasic waveforms of several different designs. Finally, other types of waveforms, primarily triphasic, have entered experime... |
1,607 | Combination of active compression decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the inspiratory impedance threshold device: state of the art. | Over the past decade, the combination of active compression decompression (ACD) cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and an impedance threshold device (ITD) has been shown to significantly increase vital organ perfusion pressures and survival rates in animals and humans. The purpose of this review article is to summariz... |
1,608 | Continuous, noninvasive, and localized microvascular tissue oximetry using visible light spectroscopy. | The authors evaluated the ability of visible light spectroscopy (VLS) oximetry to detect hypoxemia and ischemia in human and animal subjects. Unlike near-infrared spectroscopy or pulse oximetry (SpO2), VLS tissue oximetry uses shallow-penetrating visible light to measure microvascular hemoglobin oxygen saturation (StO2... |
1,609 | [Prediction of brain infarction in hypertensive patients]. | A 7-year prospective study of 379 hypertensive patients was conducted with primary comprehensive clinical and device examination of the patients in hospital followed by annual control in hospital or outpatient setting. Two groups were formed: with uncomplicated essential hypertension (EH)(n = 263, group 1); with EH com... |
1,610 | Phase IV trial evaluating the effectiveness and safety of dofetilide. | Dofetilide gained Food and Drug Administration approval for persistent atrial fibrillation/flutter (AFF) based on 2 randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging studies. Concerns of proarrhythmia have prompted the manufacturer to develop specific treatment guidelines.</AbstractText>To determine the effectiveness and sa... |
1,611 | Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the SCN5A gene in Han Chinese and their relation with Brugada syndrome. | Mutations in the cardiac sodium channel gene (SCN5A) may lead to a broad spectrum of familial arrhythmias, including long QT syndrome (LQTS), idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF), and isolated cardiac conduction diseases. Recent studies have shown that polymorphisms in the SCN5A gene also play an important role in... |
1,612 | [Clinical experience of landiolol for the treatment of intraoperative rapid atrial fibrillation]. | A 79-year-old woman with three vessel disease and mitral as well as tricuspid regurgitation underwent operation twice. Preoperatively she had atrial fibrillation and heart failure. The first operation was coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and the second was mediastinal dissection for mediastinitis one month after... |
1,613 | The implantable cardioverter defibrillator: technology, indications, and impact on cardiovascular survival. | Since the introduction of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) for the management of patients with high risk of arrhythmic SCD, there has been increasing use of this device. Its basic promise to effectively terminate ventricular tachycardia (VT)-ventricular fibrillation (VF) has been repeatedly met. In seve... |
1,614 | Mutation in the KCNQ1 gene leading to the short QT-interval syndrome. | The electrocardiographic short QT-interval syndrome forms a distinct clinical entity presenting with a high rate of sudden death and exceptionally short QT intervals. The disorder has recently been linked to gain-of-function mutation in KCNH2. The present study demonstrates that this disorder is genetically heterogeneo... |
1,615 | Efficacy of internal cardioversion for chronic atrial fibrillation in patients with and without left ventricular dysfunction. | Internal cardioversion can restore sinus rhythm with energies below 6-10 J, often without anaesthesia/sedation. We investigated its safety and short-/medium-term efficacy in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) with left ventricular dysfunction (defined as ejection fraction < or = 40%). Among 34 patient... |
1,616 | Novel therapeutics for treatment of long-QT syndrome and torsade de pointes. | Long-QT syndrome is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous syndrome characterized by lengthening of the QT interval and increased dispersion of the ventricular repolarization on surface electrocardiogram and a propensity to malignant ventricular arrhythmias, torsade de pointes and ventricular fibrillation, which ma... |
1,617 | Intracoronary endothelin-1 infusion combined with systemic isoproterenol treatment: antagonistic arrhythmogenic effects. | Endothelin-1 secretion and sympathetic activation may play important role in cardiovascular pathophysiology. In vivo interactions between these systems are not defined. We aimed to study the electrophysiological and haemodynamic effects of simultaneous intracoronary endothelin-1 and intravenous isoproterenol infusions.... |
1,618 | Usefulness of body surface mapping to differentiate patients with Brugada syndrome from patients with asymptomatic Brugada syndrome. | We attempted to determine the usefulness of body surface mapping (BSM) for differentiating patients with Brugada syndrome (BS) from patients with asymptomatic Brugada syndrome (ABS). Electrocardiograms (ECG) and BSM were recorded in 7 patients with BS and 35 patients with ABS. Following the administration of Ic antiarr... |
1,619 | Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in children. | Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD) have been increasingly used in adult patients for the prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD). The usefulness and feasibility of ICD implantation in children have been less well established.</AbstractText>To analyse indications, results and safety of ICD therapy in childre... |
1,620 | Risk factors of atrial fibrillation in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with WPW syndrome may be a life-threatening arrhythmia.</AbstractText>To identify risk factors of AF and their prognostic significance in patients with WPW syndrome.</AbstractText>Clinical and electrophysiological parameters of 239 patients with WPW syndrome, who underwent successfu... |
1,621 | Challenges in improving prognosis and therapy: the Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination with Ramipril Global End point Trial programme. | Hypertension is one of the most important modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular pathology, such as atherosclerosis and cardiac left ventricular hypertrophy, including acute events such as stroke and myocardial infarction (MI). In particular, the risk of ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke is directly and continuousl... |
1,622 | Novel antithrombotic therapies for the prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. | Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common type of arrhythmia in adults, is a major risk factor for stroke. The prevalence of AF increases with age, occurring in 1% of persons <60 years of age and in almost 10% of those >80 years of age. Recent studies show that treatment strategies that combine control of ventric... |
1,623 | Epidemiology and management of new-onset atrial fibrillation. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common acute or chronic cardiac disorder that can result in significant morbidity and mortality. Its incidence in the United States is increasing. Projections suggest that more than 5.6 million Americans (50% of whom will be > or =80 years of age) will have AF by 2050. The American Coll... |
1,624 | [EBM of cerebral infarction: message from mega-studies]. | A meta-analysis by the Antithrombotic Trialists' Collaboration showed significant reduction of vascular events including stroke. MI, and vascular death by antiplatelet therapy in high risk patients with obstructive vascular disease. Low dose aspirin of 75 to 150 mg was most effective and its very low dose below 75 mg w... |
1,625 | Intravenous nicorandil can reduce the occurrence of ventricular fibrillation and QT dispersion in patients with successful coronary angioplasty in acute myocardial infarction. | Because nicorandil, a potassium channel opener, has a cardioprotective effect and attenuates reperfusion injury in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), intravenous nicorandil should reduce arrhythmic mortality and QT dispersion in patients with AMI.</AbstractText>The purpose of this study was to evaluate wh... |
1,626 | Cardiac resynchronization therapy: device-based medicine for heart failure. | Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) or biventricular pacing is a novel adjunctive therapy for patients with advanced heart failure (HF). Many patients with severe HF have a left bundle branch block or an intraventricular conduction delay, with up to 25% of patients with a QRS > 120 ms, resulting in significant l... |
1,627 | [Subpectoral implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation in a 20 kg-weighted child]. | An 11-year-old boy (weight 20 kg, height 124 cm), who was survived from ventricular fibrillation due to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, admitted to our institution for implantable cardioveter defibrillator (ICD) implantation. We implanted a transvenous single coil lead and a device (Medtronic model 6943, GEM II VR 7229 Cx... |
1,628 | Utility of implantable cardioverter defibrillator electrograms to estimate repolarization alternans preceding a tachyarrhythmic event. | Electrical alternans is a pattern of variation in the shape of the ECG waveform that appears on an every-other-beat basis. In humans, alternation in ventricular repolarization, namely, repolarization alternans, has been associated with increased vulnerability to ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation and sudd... |
1,629 | Parasympathetic cardiac nerve stimulation with implanted coronary sinus lead. | A patient with drug-refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation associated with rapid ventricular rate underwent biatrial pacemaker implantation. During elective replacement of the pacemaker, a significant voltage- and frequency-dependent decrease in ventricular rate was achieved by high-frequency electrical stimulation ... |
1,630 | Improvement of defibrillation efficacy with preshock synchronized pacing. | We previously demonstrated that wavefront synchronization by spatiotemporal excitable gap pacing (Sync P) is effective at facilitating spontaneous termination of ventricular fibrillation (VF). Therefore, we hypothesized that a spatiotemporally controlled defibrillation (STCD) strategy using defibrillation shocks preced... |
1,631 | Reversal of electrical remodeling after cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation. | In animals, atrial fibrillation results in reversible atrial electrical remodeling manifested as shortening of the atrial effective refractory period, slowing of intra-atrial conduction, and prolongation of sinus node recovery time. There is limited information on changes in these parameters after cardioversion in pati... |
1,632 | Inhibition of cardiac HERG currents by the DNA topoisomerase II inhibitor amsacrine: mode of action. | 1 The topoisomerase II inhibitor amsacrine is used in the treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia. Although most anticancer drugs are believed not to cause acquired long QT syndrome (LQTS), concerns have been raised by reports of QT interval prolongation, ventricular fibrillation and death associated with amsacrine tre... |
1,633 | Adding sodium and calcium ions to the contrast medium iodixanol reduced the risk of ventricular fibrillation during perfusion of the left coronary artery in pigs: effects of electrolytes, viscosity, and chemotoxicity of an isotonic perfusate. | The effects of electrolytes, viscosity, and chemotoxicity of a plasma-isotonic iodine contrast medium iodixanol were compared with regard to its propensity to cause ventricular fibrillation (VF).</AbstractText>The left coronary artery of pigs was perfused with five isotonic solutions: iodixanol 320 mg I/mL with 19 mmol... |
1,634 | Incidence and electrophysiological characteristics of spontaneous ventricular tachyarrhythmias in high risk coronary patients and prophylactic implantation of a defibrillator. | To assess the incidence and electrophysiological characteristics of spontaneous ventricular tachyarrhythmias after implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation for primary prevention.</AbstractText>Prospective observational study.</AbstractText>41 consecutive patients, who fulfilled MADIT (multicenter auto... |
1,635 | Incidence of atrial fibrillation and thromboembolism in a randomised trial of atrial versus dual chamber pacing in 177 patients with sick sinus syndrome. | To analyse the occurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and thromboembolism in a randomised comparison of rate adaptive single chamber atrial pacing (AAIR) and dual chamber pacing (DDDR) in patients with sick sinus syndrome and normal atrioventricular (AV) conduction, in which left atrial dilatation and decreased left ve... |
1,636 | Hydroquinidine therapy in Brugada syndrome. | We sought to assess hydroquinidine (HQ) efficacy in selected patients with Brugada syndrome (BrS).</AbstractText>Management of asymptomatic patients with BrS and inducible arrhythmias remains a key issue. Effectiveness of class Ia antiarrhythmic drugs, which inhibit the potassium transient outward current of the action... |
1,637 | Sustained ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation in the cardiac catheterization laboratory among patients receiving primary percutaneous coronary intervention: incidence, predictors, and outcomes. | We sought to evaluate the incidence, predictors, and outcomes of ventricular tachycardia and/or ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) in the cardiac catheterization laboratory among patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).</AbstractText>Although VT/VF has been known to occur during primary PCI, ... |
1,638 | Concomitant anti-arrhythmic surgery, using irrigated cooled-tip radiofrequency ablation, to treat permanent atrial fibrillation in CABG patients: expansion of the indication? | The effectiveness of a concomitant anti-arrhythmic surgical procedure in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients with permanent atrial fibrillation (AF) was evaluated.</AbstractText>This prospective study included 36 CABG patients, who had a concomitant anti-arrhythmic procedure using irrigated cooled-tip radio... |
1,639 | Ischemic postconditioning: brief ischemia during reperfusion converts persistent ventricular fibrillation into regular rhythm. | Brief episodes of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion employed during reperfusion after a prolonged ischemic insult may attenuate the total ischemia-reperfusion injury. This phenomenon has been termed ischemic postconditioning. In the present study, we studied the possible effect of postconditioning on persistent reperfusi... |
1,640 | Role of carvedilol in atrial fibrillation: insights from clinical trials. | Atrial fibrillation affects approximately 2 million people in the United States and is a common comorbidity among patients with heart failure. Clinical studies indicate that the benefits of the beta-blocker carvedilol in patients with heart failure extend to patients with heart failure complicated by atrial fibrillatio... |
1,641 | Effect of biventricular pacing therapy in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy with severe congestive heart failure. | Biventricular pacing (BVP) therapy has recently emerged as an effective treatment for patients with moderate to severe congestive heart failure (CHF) and ventricular asynchrony all over the world. However, this therapy is not yet available in Japan. We evaluated the effects of BVP in patients with severe CHF due to dil... |
1,642 | [Catheter ablation of atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation]. | Within the past 20 years, refinements in electrophysiologic mapping techniques have provided a better understanding of the pathophysiology of atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation (AF), which resulted in the development of catheter ablation techniques for this arrhythmias. Nowadays, catheter ablation has become the fi... |
1,643 | Assessment of left atrial volume by contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography. | Left atrial (LA) volume is associated with cardiovascular morbidity, particularly atrial fibrillation. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA) visualizes the LA, but the validity of LA volume measurements using this technique has not been evaluated. We performed CE-MRA and cine magnetic resonance (MR)... |
1,644 | Effectiveness of sotalol treatment in symptomatic Brugada syndrome. | We describe a 53-year-old man with recurrent syncopal events and a malignant family history who was treated for 13 years with sotalol drug therapy with no further occurrence of Brugada syndrome symptoms. Genetic testing revealed that he carried a Brugada syndrome sodium channel SCN5A mutation (4189delT). This finding s... |
1,645 | Optimal dosing of dobutamine for treating post-resuscitation left ventricular dysfunction. | This study was designed to determine the optimal dose of dobutamine in the treatment of post-resuscitation left ventricular dysfunction.</AbstractText>Global left ventricular dysfunction following successful resuscitation from prolonged, ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest, negatively impacts long-term survival. Do... |
1,646 | Attenuated adult biphasic shocks compared with weight-based monophasic shocks in a swine model of prolonged pediatric ventricular fibrillation. | To compare the safety and efficacy of attenuated adult biphasic shocks with standard monophasic weight-based shocks in a piglet model of prolonged prehospital ventricular fibrillation (VF).</AbstractText>If attenuated adult shocks are safe and effective for prehospital pediatric VF, automated external defibrillators (A... |
1,647 | [Ablative strategy: a definite treatment for cardiac arrhythmias?]. | The development of radiofrequency catheter ablation has dramatically changed the therapeutic approach of cardiac arrhythmias. All atrial rhythm disturbances are now amenable to ablative strategy. Ablation has become the first-line therapy for atrial flutter. Atrial fibrillation, a major factor of morbidity and mortalit... |
1,648 | [Atrial fibrillation].<Pagination><StartPage>258</StartPage><EndPage>265</EndPage><MedlinePgn>258-60, 262-5</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>Atrial fibrillation is a common arrhythmia which consequences include disabling symptoms, haemodynamic impairment and frightening embolic complications. In 3/4 cas... | Atrial fibrillation is a common arrhythmia which consequences include disabling symptoms, haemodynamic impairment and frightening embolic complications. In 3/4 cases, they are represented by cerebrovascular accidents responsible of death or disabling sequella. Underlying heart disease is present in 70% of AF patients. ... |
1,649 | Implantable loop recorders: a novel method to judge patient perception of atrial fibrillation. Preliminary results from a pilot study. | At the present time, several techniques are used or are under investigation for atrial fibrillation (AF) therapy. Nowadays, no well-defined target for such therapies has been yet completely identified. Furthermore, AF is an arrhythmia with high rates of recurrences, both symptomatic and asymptotic. Thus the measure of ... |
1,650 | Outcomes and in-hospital treatment of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients resuscitated from ventricular fibrillation by early defibrillation. | To describe and evaluate the in-hospital treatment of ventricular arrhythmias and underlying structural heart disease in patients who survive ventricular fibrillation (VF) out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in a region with a high survival rate after hospital discharge.</AbstractText>The study included all patients ... |
1,651 | Bundle branch block on alternate beats during atrial fibrillation. | This article reports a case of tachycardia-dependent right bundle branch block (RBBB) occurring during atrial fibrillation. In some sections of the recording, an alternans occurs between complexes with a complete RBBB pattern and complexes showing normal intraventricular conduction or incomplete RBBB. Alternans is freq... |
1,652 | Predictors of in-hospital ventricular fibrillation or torsades de pointes in patients with acute symptomatic bradycardia. | Severe bradyarrythmias remain as an important cause for hospital urgent admission and these patients can suffer potentially lethal complications (such as ventricular fibrillation [VF] and torsades de pointes [TdP]) between hospital admission and final therapy. Incidence and predictors of these tachyarrhythmias have not... |
1,653 | Idiopathic Brugada-type electrocardiographic pattern in an octogenarian. | The prognosis of idiopathic Brugada-type ECG pattern in asymptomatic people is unknown. We report a case of an 85-year-old man who had persistent Brugada-type ECG pattern without associated clinical symptoms. This illustrates that the persistent Brugada-type ECG can be present with normal longevity. |
1,654 | Brugada syndrome with atypical ECG: downsloping ST-segment elevation in inferior leads. | We present an unusual case of a young Thai immigrant, symptomatic, who had suffered prior episodes of syncope with strong family background: male, first-degree relatives, younger than 45 years old who had died suddenly. The rest ECG, with the patient asymptomatic at the time, showed persistent ST-segment elevation, in ... |
1,655 | Spectral and correlation analyses of the verapamil-induced conversion of ventricular fibrillation to tachycardia in isolated rat hearts. | Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is considered to be the most common precursor of ventricular fibrillation (VF). However, the mechanisms underlying the transition from VT to VF remain unclear. Here, we investigated whether and how perfusion of the heart with verapamil, a blocker of L-type calcium channels, changed the macr... |
1,656 | Shock coil failure secondary to external irradiation in a patient with implantable cardioverter defibrillator. | The use of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) in the management of malignant ventricular arrhythmia is well established. Radiation treatment is common in malignant neoplasms, but the direct effect of irradiation in ICD is largely not well understood. We describe a case where radiation treatment probably led t... |
1,657 | Hyperkalemia induced T wave oversensing leading to loss of biventricular pacing and inappropriate ICD shocks. | Inappropriate ICD shocks remain a common problem. Double counting of single ventricular events can occur with biventricular ICDs implanted before univentricular sensing was available. Often this is due to a tachyarrhythmia or loss of left ventricular capture. This report describes a patient who developed hyperkalemia d... |
1,658 | Inappropriate therapy from a defibrillator complicating transcoronary ablation of septal hypertrophy in a patient with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. | This case report describes a patient with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy who received therapy inappropriately from his implanted defibrillator, subsequent to transcoronary alcohol ablation for septal hypertrophy (TASH). Widening of the intracardiac electrogram postablation resulted in "double counting" of the ... |
1,659 | Ventricular fibrillation without overt cardiomyopathy as first presentation of organic cation transporter 2-deficiency in adolescence. | This case report describes ventricular fibrillation without overt cardiomyopathy as the presenting symptom of primary carnitine deficiency due to organic cation transporter 2 (OCTN2)-deficiency in a 15-year-old girl. Normally this disease presents early in life with hypoketotic hypoglycemia, muscle weakness, and/or car... |
1,660 | Insertable loop recorder use for detection of intermittent arrhythmias. | The advent of prolonged monitoring with the implanted loop recorders has revolutionized the quest for detection of elusive infrequent arrhythmias in patients with unexplained syncope. The capability of prolonged monitoring has permitted us to obtain symptom rhythm correlation in the majority of patients suspected to ha... |
1,661 | [Arrhythmic activity of the papillary muscle induced by high frequency stimulation: n1 rhythms,transition forms and hysteresis]. | Cardiac tissues are able to work within a wide range of frequencies to respond to the changing requirements an organism may have. However, during these frequency variations and under certain pathologic conditions arrhythmias such as blocks, tachycardia, fibrillation, etc, may arise some with fatal consequences. For thi... |
1,662 | Functional characterization of a trafficking-defective HCN4 mutation, D553N, associated with cardiac arrhythmia. | Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 4 gene HCN4 is a pacemaker channel that plays a key role in automaticity of sinus node in the heart, and an HCN4 mutation was reported in a patient with sinus node dysfunction. Expression of HCN4 in the heart is, however, not confined to the sinus node cells b... |
1,663 | Short-acting beta-adrenergic antagonist esmolol given at reperfusion improves survival after prolonged ventricular fibrillation. | High catecholamine concentrations are cytotoxic to cardiac myocytes. We hypothesized that myocardial interstitial catecholamine levels are greatly elevated immediately after long-duration ventricular fibrillation (VF), defibrillation, and reperfusion and that the short-acting beta-antagonist esmolol administered at rep... |
1,664 | Bretylium, an organic quaternary amine, inhibits the Na,K-ATPase by binding to the extracellular K-site. | The quaternary amine, bretylium, is a class III antiarrhythmic drug used to treat ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. The primary mode of action for bretylium is thought to be inhibition of voltage-gated K(+) channels. While the Na,K-ATPase has been the pharmacological target of cardiac glycosides for over a cent... |
1,665 | Heart rate regularisation in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation implanted with a VVI(R) pacemaker. | Irregularity of ventricular cycles is a cause of haemodynamic impairment and symptoms in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).</AbstractText>Aim of the study was to determine the optimal pacing rate to stabilise ventricular cycle length at rest in patients with chronic AF, bradycardiac symptoms and VVI pacing.</Abstr... |
1,666 | Superior vena cava syndrome and syncope in an implantable cardioverter defibrillator recipient. | We describe the case of a recipient of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator with multiple syncopal episodes due both to superior vena cava obstruction and electrical instability. These complications occurred in the presence of two transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillator leads. The patient has been manag... |
1,667 | Primary hyperparathyroidism and arrhythmic storm in a patient with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator for primary prevention of sudden death. | A case of a patient with an automatic cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and recurrent ventricular arrhythmic storms related to primary hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcaemia is reported: medical therapy was ineffective and only surgical resection of the parathyroid adenoma resolved this complex clinical condition. |
1,668 | ICD-implantation guidelines versus clinical practice: a prospective study of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors. | The aim of this study was prospectively to compare clinical practice of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) use with current guidelines in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survivors.</AbstractText>From January 2000 till March 2002, 70 consecutive patients (pts) discharged from 15 hospitals after OHCA, wit... |
1,669 | Mode of initiation and ablation of ventricular fibrillation storms in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. | We report on the initiation of ventricular fibrillation (VF) storm in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) and the results of targeted ablation to treat VF storm.</AbstractText>Monomorphic premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) have been shown to initiate VF in patients without structural heart disease.</Abst... |
1,670 | Predictors of new malignant ventricular arrhythmias after coronary surgery: a case-control study. | We sought to investigate the relationship between perioperative factors and the occurrence of ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF), as well as the impact of VT/VF on early and late mortality.</AbstractText>Both VT and VF are rare but serious complications after coronary artery bypass graft sur... |
1,671 | Predictors of stroke in patients paced for sick sinus syndrome. | This study was an analysis of factors associated with stroke in a population of patients paced for sinus node dysfunction in a large prospective clinical trial (Mode Selection Trial [MOST]).</AbstractText>The effects of dual-chamber versus single-chamber ventricular pacing on subsequent stroke in patients with sinus no... |
1,672 | [Therapeutic effects of left ventricular assist device on pump failure caused by acute myocardial infarction]. | To evaluate the therapeutic effects of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) on pump failure caused by acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in dogs.</AbstractText>The pump failure caused by AMI was established in 18 dogs, 9 of them were treated with a LVAD that could expel the autoblood from the left ventricle into the ... |
1,673 | Sinus node function in patients with Brugada-type ECG. | Some studies have shown that patients with Brugada syndrome (BS) have atrioventricular conduction disturbance, but their sinus node function has not been evaluated.</AbstractText>The patients group consisted of 59 male patients and 1 female patient with BS. Supraventricular and ventricular programmed electrical stimula... |
1,674 | Minimally-diluted blood cardioplegia supplemented with potassium and magnesium for combination of 'initial, continuous and intermittent bolus' administration. | The present study was designed to examine the hypothesis that minimally-diluted blood cardioplegia (BCP) supplemented with potassium and magnesium provides superior myocardial protection in comparison with the standard-diluted BCP for a combination of 'initial, continuous, and intermittent bolus' BCP administration.</A... |
1,675 | Nicorandil protects against lethal ischemic ventricular arrhythmias and up-regulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression and sulfonylurea receptor 2 mRNA in conscious rats with acute myocardial infarction. | Nicorandil is an adenosine triphosphate sensitive K (K-ATP) channel opener and a nitric oxide donor. K-ATP channels and nitric oxide are important factors in ischemic preconditioning, which in turn suppresses reperfusion arrhythmias. The present study sought to evaluate whether nicorandil suppresses ischemic-induced ve... |
1,676 | [Remodeling in cardiac failure of functional class I due to arterial hypertension associated with ischemic heart disease]. | Hemodynamics and ventricular remodeling were studied echocardiographically in 192 men with heart failure (NYHA functional class I), arterial hypertension (AH) of stage I-III and clinical picture of ischemic heart disease (IHD). The latter presented in the patients with stable angina pectoris of FC I-II (SAP), unstable ... |
1,677 | A rapid method to quantify left atrial contractile function: Doppler tissue imaging of the mitral annulus during atrial systole. | Assess the value of peak atrial systolic mitral annular velocity (Aann) measured by Doppler tissue echocardiography to quantify left atrial systolic function.</AbstractText>We studied a total of 61 adults; 10 subjects without history of heart disease and 51 patients with a history of atrial fibrillation or undergoing e... |
1,678 | Fatal complications after use of the Symmetry Aortic Connector in coronary artery bypass surgery. | During the last 2 years, 103 aortic saphenous vein graft anastomoses were performed in 68 patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass by using the Symmetry Bypass System Aortic Connector. Of these patients, 2 died during the early postoperative period. In the first patient, after an episode of ventricular fibri... |
1,679 | Does preoperative atrial fibrillation reduce survival after coronary artery bypass grafting? | Preoperative atrial fibrillation has been identified as a risk factor for reduced long-term survival after coronary artery bypass grafting. This study sought to determine whether atrial fibrillation is merely a marker for high-risk patients or an independent risk factor for time-related mortality.</AbstractText>From 19... |
1,680 | Early recurrence of arrhythmia in patients taking amiodarone or class 1C agents for treatment of atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter. | Amiodarone use for the prevention of recurrent atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter requires drug loading over a period of several days to weeks, whereas class 1C agents do not. Three hundred thirty-nine patients were evaluated during drug loading with amiodarone or class 1C agents, and it was found that recurrent arr... |
1,681 | Assessment of in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation using Utstein template in a university hospital. | The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) strategies and identify key predictors of post-CPR survival in a university hospital setting. Using a form recommended by the European Resuscitation Council, data regarding in-hospital CPR attempts from January 20... |
1,682 | Predictors of failure to cure atrial fibrillation with the mini-maze operation. | Maze-III is a complex surgical procedure designed to treat chronic atrial fibrillation. A reduction in the number of right and left atrial incisions could decrease the operative time. The aim of this study was to assess the results of a mini-maze operation and to define predictors of its failure.</AbstractText>Between ... |
1,683 | [Obstructive respiration disorders during sleep and disorders of cardiac rhythm]. | To investigate the impact of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) on circadian profile of cardiac arrhythmia in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and to determine clinical markers of OSA.</AbstractText>52 patients (31 males, 21 females, body mass index 30.5 +/- 5.8 kg/m2) with IHD admitted to hospital for ventricula... |
1,684 | [Incidence of heart rate disorders in rural population of Krasnoiarsk region]. | To evaluate occurrence of heterotopic cardiac arrhythmia in rural population of the Krasnoyarsk Territory.</AbstractText>1203 persons (474 males, 729 females) aged 16 and older from rural population of the Krasnoyarsk Territory (the response rate 76.1%) filled in the questionnaires, have undergone ECG examination in 12... |
1,685 | [Prevention of recurrent amiodarone-induced hyperthyroidism by iodine-131]. | Amioradone-induced hyperthyroidism is a common complication of amiodarone therapy. Although definitive interruption of amiodarone is recommended because of the risks of aggravation of the arrhythmias, some patients may require the reintroduction of amiodarone several months after normalisation of thyroid function. The ... |
1,686 | Dual chamber versus single chamber ventricular pacemakers for sick sinus syndrome and atrioventricular block. | Dual chamber pacing or single chamber atrial pacing ('physiologic' pacing) is believed to have an advantage over single chamber ventricular pacing in that it resembles cardiac physiology more closely by maintaining atrioventricular (AV) synchrony and dominance of the sinus node, which in turn may reduce cardiovascular ... |
1,687 | Incidence of arrhythmic events in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for primary and secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death. | Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD) are increasingly used for prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD). Although mortality risk reduction is about the same in primary and secondary prevention trials (~30%), we hypothesised that the incidence and the nature of ventricular arrhythmias is different in high risk ... |
1,688 | New sialyl-Lewis-X analogues antagonize leukocyte-induced ischemia-reperfusion arrhythmia--a mapping study. | Arrhythmia during ischemia and reperfusion is still an intriguing problem in cardiovascular medicine. Leukocytes infiltrating the ischemic region play an important pathophysiological role. The effects of soluble sialyl-Lewis-X analogues Hoe934553 and Hoe943644, which may inhibit leukocyte-endothelial interaction, were ... |
1,689 | American Heart Association scientific sessions. | The Annual Scientific Sessions of the American Heart Association is the leading scientific conference in the cardiovascular field, both for basic and clinical research in cardiology and related disclipines. This report covers the outcome of major clinical trials that were presented in the 'late-breaking' clinical trial... |
1,690 | Safety aspects for public access defibrillation using automated external defibrillators near high-voltage power lines. | Automated external defibrillators (AEDs) must combine easy operability and high-quality diagnosis even under unfavorable conditions. This study determined the influence of electromagnetic interference caused by high-voltage power lines with 16.7-Hz alternating current on the quality of AEDs' rhythm analysis.</AbstractT... |
1,691 | The use of undiluted amiodarone in the management of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. | The Resuscitation 2000 Guidelines recommends amiodarone as the antiarrhythmic drug of choice in treatment of resistant ventricular fibrillation (VF) or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT). Amiodarone has been associated with side-effects and difficulty of administration, due to recommended dilution, rendering it sub... |
1,692 | Losartan but not enalaprilat acutely reduces reperfusion ventricular tachyarrhythmias in hypertrophied rat hearts after low-flow ischaemia. | Based on clinical and experimental studies, angiotensin II receptor blockers and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors have been proposed to exert acute anti-arrhythmic effects in heart failure patients. Therefore, the goal of this study was to assess acute anti-arrhythmic effects of losartan and enalaprilat in hype... |
1,693 | [Cerebral embolism associated with Becker muscular dystrophy-related dilated cardiomyopathy]. | A 65-year-old man with previous history of congestive heart failure and genetically proven Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) was suddenly suffered from aphasia and right hemiplegia. Physical examination showed severe motor aphasia, right hemiplegia, and signs of left heart failure. An echocardiogram before the onset of a... |
1,694 | Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: successful emergency treatment with intravenous propranolol. | Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a rare arrhythmogenic disorder, which may cause sudden death and whose relationships with mutations in cardiac ryanodine receptor gene have been recently established. The present article reports a catecholaminergic polymorphic VT case of a 9-year-old girl, w... |
1,695 | Gap junction alterations in human cardiac disease. | Gap junctions, assembled from connexins, form the cell-to-cell pathways for propagation of the precisely orchestrated patterns of current flow that govern the regular rhythm of the healthy heart. As in most tissues and organs, multiple connexin types are expressed in the heart; connexin43, connexin40 and connexin45 are... |
1,696 | Acute ischemia-induced gap junctional uncoupling and arrhythmogenesis. | Sudden cardiac death forms a major cause of mortality. Myocardial ischemia-induced ventricular fibrillation (VF) is frequently the underlying mechanism. Ventricular arrhythmias arise in two distinct phases during the first hour of ischemia. The first, the 1A phase, has been extensively studied, and few studies relate t... |
1,697 | Electrical storm as initial presentation of arrhytmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in an elderly woman. | Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) is an unusual cause of electrical storm in the elderly. We report the case of a 76-year-old woman with no previous known disease who developed recurrent ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. Postmortem examination revealed histological features of arrhythmogenic rig... |
1,698 | Short QT syndrome: pharmacological treatment. | The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of various antiarrhythmic drugs at prolonging the QT interval into the normal range and preventing ventricular arrhythmias in patients with short QT syndrome.</AbstractText>Short QT syndrome is a recently described genetic disease characterized by short QT interval... |
1,699 | Calcium chloride before i.v. diltiazem in the management of atrial fibrillation. | Diltiazem is commonly used to treat atrial fibrillation or flutter (AFF) with rapid ventricular response (RVR). Although it is very effective for rate control, up to an 18% prevalence of reported diltiazem-induced hypotension [defined by systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 90 mm Hg], and a mean of 9.7% hypotension have ... |
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