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400 | Cilnidipine, an N+L-type dihydropyridine Ca channel blocker, suppresses the occurrence of ischemia/reperfusion arrhythmia in a rabbit model of myocardial infarction. | Dihydropyridine Ca channel blockers are widely prescribed for the treatment of hypertension and coronary artery diseases, but it remains unknown whether these agents protect against arrhythmias. We investigated whether cilnidipine, an N+L-type Ca channel blocker, reduces the incidences of ventricular premature beats (V... |
401 | Electrocardiographic changes in patients with haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. | The purpose of the study was to assess the incidence, type and dynamics of electrocardiography (ECG) alterations in patients with haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) according to different stages of the disease. 79 patients hospitalized at the University Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Zagreb during the l... |
402 | Impact of sinus rhythm restoration and maintenance on left ventricular function and exercise tolerance in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation. | Although early improvement of haemodynamic parameters following successful cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (AF) has been well documented, the long-term benefits of sinus rhythm (SR) restoration are less obvious, mainly due to a high rate of AF relapses.</AbstractText>To determine the impact of SR restoration and m... |
403 | [Massive myocardial hypertrophy in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a risk factor for sudden death and high defibrillation threshold during cardioverter-defibrillator implantation]. | Two cases of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with massive hypertrophy and high defibrillation threshold (DFT) are described. A 14-year-old boy, whose single risk factor for sudden death was extreme hypertrophy with maximum interventricular septum (IVS) thickness of 43 mm, survived an episode of ventricular fibrillation. Du... |
404 | Implantable defibrillators configured for hybrid therapy of persistent and permanent atrial fibrillation: initial clinical experience with a novel lead system. | Hybrid therapy strategies have combined antiarrhythmic drugs (AAD) with pacemakers, atrio-ventricular defibrillators (AV ICD) or atrial ablation individually. The feasibility combining AAD with dual site RA pacing (DAP) in an AV ICD has not been examined.</AbstractText>We used an AV ICD with a novel lead configuration ... |
405 | Internal atrial and ventricular defibrillation during electrophysiology procedures. | Over the last twenty years internal defibrillation has evolved from an experimental technique into an important adjunctive procedure in the electrophysiology laboratory. Internal deflbrillation is used for treating persistent atrial fibrillation and refractory ventricular arrhythmias. Atrial defibrillation can be perfo... |
406 | New technologies of internal defibrillation. | This paper reviews recent research seeking to provide more efficient device oriented treatments for atrial and ventricular fibrillation to improve implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy. Investigators have proposed and tested many innovative technologies that may be included in future ICDs. Amongst the mo... |
407 | Internal defibrillation: where we have been and where we should be going? | Internal cardioversion has been developed as an alternative technique for patients who are resistant to external DC cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (AF) and was found to be associated with higher success rates. It used initially high energies (200-300 J) delivered between an intracardiac catheter and a backplate. ... |
408 | Ventricular tachycardia in a neonate with prenatally diagnosed cardiac tumors: a case with tuberous sclerosis. | We report a patient with prenatally diagnosed tuberous sclerosis. Fetal ultrasonography demonstrated multiple cardiac tumors and arrhythmia. After birth, because of frequent supraventricular extrasystoles, the infant was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. Findings on 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiogram (ECG... |
409 | Unusual and early hyperglycemia following amiodarone infusion in two infants. | Amiodarone is an effective antiarrhythmic agent that is widely used for tachyarrhythmias, especially ventricular tachycardia and supraventricular tachycardia. It has some mild short-term (e.g., skin rashes, gastrointestinal symptoms, and corneal microdeposits) and long-term side effects (thyroid dysfunction, visual dis... |
410 | Levosimendan improves postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction after beta-adrenergic blockade. | In earlier studies, we found that a nonselective beta-adrenergic blocking agent, propranolol, facilitated cardiac resuscitation, reduced postresuscitation myocardial ectopy, and improved postresuscitation survival. However, the potential adverse effects and specifically the negative inotropic actions of propranolol pro... |
411 | [Influence of sinus rhythm restoration and maintenance on left ventricle diameter and function in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation--one year follow-up]. | Aim of our study was to determine the dynamics of selected echocardiographic parameters after sinus rhythm (SR) restoration and maintenance in pts with persistent nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) during one year follow-up period.</AbstractText>Our study population comprised 104 pts (F/M 33/71; mean age 60.4 +/- 7.4... |
412 | Atrial fibrillation increases production of superoxide by the left atrium and left atrial appendage: role of the NADPH and xanthine oxidases. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with an increased risk of stroke due almost exclusively to emboli from left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombi. Recently, we reported that AF was associated with endocardial dysfunction, limited to the left atrium (LA) and LAA and manifest as reduced nitric oxide (NO*) production and ... |
413 | Emergency call processing and survival from out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation. | Our aim was to report the effect of the emergency call processing in the dispatching centre on survival from out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation (VF).</AbstractText>This retrospective cohort study was conducted in Helsinki Emergency Medical Services. All consecutive cases with out-of-hospital bystander witnessed V... |
414 | Left ventricular hypertrabeculation/noncompaction as a cardiac manifestation of Duchenne muscular dystrophy under non-invasive positive-pressure ventilation. | Though cardiac involvement is a frequent finding in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) at the wheel-chair-bound stage, left ventricular hypertrabeculation (LVHT) has not been reported. The patient is a 28-year-old male with the typical clinical features of end stage DMD. Since the age of 16 years he requir... |
415 | [Effect of atrial fibrillation on left ventricle function in the elderly]. | Atrial fibrillation (FA) coexists with heart failure, and its occurrence frequency increases with age. This arrhythmia can precede heart failure as well as can be a consequence of cardiac function deterioration.</AbstractText>The influence of atrial fibrillation on left ventricle (LV) function assessed by echocardiogra... |
416 | Treatment of arrhythmic storm in implantable defibrillator patients. | A common ICD therapy-related complication is arrhythmic storm (AS). The objective of our study was to define the impact of AS on patients' prognoses in order to compare the total mortality of AS patients with the rest of the group.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="MATERIAL/METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">We studied 13... |
417 | Atropine aborts bradycardic effect of endotracheally administered vasopressin. | Vasopressin is an alternative drug to adrenaline in intractable ventricular fibrillation. However, vasopressin can cause significant bradycardia, resulting in reduced cardiac output. We investigated whether pre-treatment with atropine abrogates vasopressin-induced bradycardia in a beating-heart canine model.</AbstractT... |
418 | Effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy on incidence of atrial fibrillation in patients with poor left ventricular systolic function. | Although the beneficial role of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in selected patients with heart failure is well proven, its effect on the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) is unclear. The present study compared the incidence of AF in 36 consecutive patients with chronic heart failure receiving CRT with its ... |
419 | Benefits, unresolved questions, and technical issues of cardiac resynchronization therapy for heart failure. | This review aims to provide a synthesis of the published evidence regarding the rationale and clinical benefits of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) with implantable atrial-synchronized biventricular pacing (BVP) devices in patients with moderate to advanced heart failure and intra- and interventricular conductio... |
420 | Effects of beta-blockers on implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy and survival in the patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (from the Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial-II). | This study examined the effects of beta blockers on (1) appropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy for ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF), (2) inappropriate ICD therapy for atrial fibrillation or supraventricular tachycardia, and (3) survival in 691 patients who received... |
421 | Soft tissue impact characterisation kit (STICK) for ex situ investigation of heart rhythm responses to acute mechanical stimulation. | Both mechanical induction and mechanical termination of arrhythmias have been reported in man. Examples include pre-cordial impacts by sports implements (baseballs, pucks) that can trigger arrhythmias, including ventricular fibrillation, or via the so-called pre-cordial thump, used as an emergency resuscitation measure... |
422 | Coronary artery bypass surgery in high-risk patients. | In high-risk coronary artery bypass patients; off-pump versus on-pump surgical strategies still remain a matter of debate, regarding which method results in a lower incidence of perioperative mortality and morbidity. We describe our experience in the treatment of high-risk coronary artery patients and compare patients ... |
423 | Cor triatriatum sinistrum: a rare congenital cardiac anomaly presenting in an adult with chronic atrial fibrillation. | Cor triatriatum is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly in which the left atrium is divided into proximal (dorsal or upper) and distal (ventral or lower) chambers by a fibromuscular septum. The upper chamber receives the pulmonary veins and the lower chamber contains the atrial appendage and the mitral valve. The 2 chambe... |
424 | Mechanisms of disease: current understanding and future challenges in Brugada syndrome. | Brugada syndrome is a clinical entity characterized by ST-segment elevation in the right precordial leads (V1-V3) and an episode of ventricular fibrillation in the absence of structural heart disease. Data regarding genotype-phenotype relationships are limited, since SCN5A, the gene encoding the a subunit of the sodium... |
425 | [Assessment of energy-dependent Ca2+ transport in myocardial mitochondria in the ventricular fibrillation: potential diagnostic implication]. | The method of evaluation of ATP synthesis from ADP and Ca2+ transport in myocardial mitochondria has been developed. The addition of glutamate to the homogenisation media improved the parameters studied. It was shown that the Ca2+ transport test is highly informative and sensitive for the estimation of heart muscle ene... |
426 | Stentless bioprostheses in small aortic roots: impact of patient-prosthesis mismatch on survival and quality of life. | Although stentless bioprostheses offer hemodynamic advantages, prosthetic valves of smaller size may provide less reduction of left ventricular hypertrophy and, therefore, affect survival and quality of life.</AbstractText>A total of 303 patients (mean age 75 +/- 7 years) who underwent aortic valve replacement with the... |
427 | An experimental method for the percutaneous induction of a posterolateral infarct and functional ischemic mitral regurgitation. | Appropriate experimental models are needed to study the mechanisms underlying left ventricular (LV) remodeling and functional ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR). Herein is described an original percutaneous method for inducing a well-defined posterolateral infarct and significant IMR.</AbstractText>Under videofluorosc... |
428 | Effects of percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty on plasma B-type natriuretic peptide in rheumatic mitral stenosis with and without atrial fibrillation. | The study aim was to evaluate the effect of percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty (PBMV) on plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels in patients in sinus rhythm (SR) and with atrial fibrillation (AF).</AbstractText>Thirty patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis who underwent successful PBMV were included in t... |
429 | The dynamics of cardiac fibrillation. | Reentry occurs when the electrical wave propagating through the atria or ventricles breaks locally and forms a rotor (also called a scroll wave or functional reentry). If the waves propagating outward from a rotor develop additional wavebreaks (which may form new rotors), fibrillation results. Tissue heterogeneity, exa... |
430 | Interruptions of chest compressions during emergency medical systems resuscitation. | Survival after nontraumatic out-of-hospital (OOH) cardiac arrest in Tucson, Arizona, has been flat at 6% (121/2177) for the decade 1992 to 2001. We hypothesized that interruptions of chest compressions occur commonly and for substantial periods during treatment of OOH cardiac arrest and could be contributing to the lac... |
431 | KCNH2-K897T is a genetic modifier of latent congenital long-QT syndrome. | Clinical heterogeneity among patients with long-QT syndrome (LQTS) sharing the same disease-causing mutation is usually attributed to variable penetrance. One potential explanation for this phenomenon is the coexistence of modifier gene alleles, possibly common single nucleotide polymorphisms, altering arrhythmia susce... |
432 | Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertensive patients with lower versus higher risk: a LIFE substudy. | We hypothesized that losartan was superior to atenolol in reducing cardiovascular events in a lower-risk group (LRG) versus a higher-risk group (HRG) of patients in a Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction (LIFE) substudy, independently of blood pressure (BP) reduction. In a post hoc analysis, we designated 4282 ... |
433 | Atrial fibrillation impairs cardiac sympathetic response to baroreceptor unloading in congestive heart failure. | In this study, we investigated for a potential mechanism by which atrial fibrillation (AF) might convey a worse prognosis in congestive heart failure (CHF). Specifically, we aimed to determine whether AF impaired cardiac sympathetic response to baroreceptor unloading in comparison to sinus rhythm (SR) in CHF.</Abstract... |
434 | Increased left atrial volume index is an independent predictor of raised serum natriuretic peptide in patients with suspected heart failure but normal left ventricular ejection fraction: Implication for diagnosis of diastolic heart failure. | Left atrial volume index (LAVI) is increasingly recognised as a relatively load-independent marker of left ventricular (LV) filling pressures. We assessed the capacity of LAVI to predict LV diastolic dysfunction in comparison with N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) in patients with suspected heart fai... |
435 | Critical mass hypothesis revisited: role of dynamical wave stability in spontaneous termination of cardiac fibrillation. | The tendency of atrial or ventricular fibrillation to terminate spontaneously in finite-sized tissue is known as the critical mass hypothesis. Previous studies have shown that dynamical instabilities play an important role in creating new wave breaks that maintain cardiac fibrillation, but its role in self-termination,... |
436 | Clinical and electrophysiologic profile of Brugada syndrome in Iranian patients. | Clinical and electrophysiologic characteristics of 20 patients (15 males; mean age, 42 +/- 9 years) with Brugada syndrome were studied. Electrocardiographic abnormalities (spontaneous in 6 and provoked in 14) were recognized in 5 symptomatic and 15 asymptomatic patients. Mean PR (188 +/- 18 vs. 184 +/- 24 ms) and QT (3... |
437 | Combined minimally invasive pulmonary vein isolation, left atrial appendage excision and cardiac resynchronization therapy for heart failure: case report. | A 76-year-old male with ischemic cardiomyopathy presented with heart failure symptoms in the absence of angina. Several hospitalizations were required due to heart failure exacerbation and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Electrocardiography and tissue synchronization imaging confirmed ventricular dyssynchrony, requirin... |
438 | De novo KCNQ1 mutation responsible for atrial fibrillation and short QT syndrome in utero. | We describe a genetic basis for atrial fibrillation and short QT syndrome in utero. Heterologous expression of the mutant channel was used to define the physiological consequences of the mutation.</AbstractText>A baby girl was born at 38 weeks after induction of delivery that was prompted by bradycardia and irregular r... |
439 | [Dynamic ECG changes as a result of Brugada syndrome, an overlooked diagnosis?]. | Brugada syndrome is a primary electrical disease involving a wide spectrum of phenotypes. The hallmark of Brugada syndrome is the ST elevation in leads V1 to V3. We present three cases of Brugada syndrome. The first patient was diagnosed via routine ECG and a programmed electric stimulation. The second patient was mist... |
440 | Extreme hyperkalemia. | Hyperkalemia is a potentially fatal condition and is defined by a serum potassium level (K+) of greater than 5.5 mmol/L. The associated prevalence of cardiac arrhythmia increases directly with the degree of hyperkalemia. The danger in the majority of hyperkalemia cases is cardiac dysrhythmia, and often ventricular fibr... |
441 | The relationship between P wave dispersion and diastolic dysfunction. | We investigated the relationship between P wave dispersion, which is easily measured on the surface electrocardiogram and may be used in evaluating the risk of atrial fibrillation, and left ventricular diastolic function. There were 133 patients: 73 with diastolic dysfunction and 60 without. P wave dispersions were cal... |
442 | Arrhythmias after orthotopic heart transplantation. | Arrhythmias frequently occur after orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT).</AbstractText>The most common are ventricular premature complexes, atrial premature complexes, sinus or junctional bradycardia, atrial fibrillation, and atrial flutter, all of which have varying clinical significance depending on associated or c... |
443 | Ablation of ventricular fibrillation and tachycardia. | Catheter ablation therapy for ventricular tachycardia has evolved over the past 20 years to become the first-line therapy. This development has been facilitated by technology that has allowed better anatomic and electrophysiologic correlations. A better understanding of radiofrequency (RF) ablation has led to safer and... |
444 | Controversies in pacing: indications and programming. | This article reviews controversies in cardiac pacing in four areas: methods to prevent unnecessary right ventricular pacing and optimal ventricular pacing sites in the bradycardia population, pacing for prevention of atrial fibrillation (AF), a novel pacing technique for the treatment of heart failure, and pacing for t... |
445 | Cardiac resynchronization therapy. | Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) addresses abnormal left ventricular (LV) activation that produces detrimental effects on cardiac systolic and diastolic function. CRT improves symptoms and ventricular performance, promotes reverse remodeling, and decreases mortality and hospitalization in patients with congestiv... |
446 | Randomized double-blind trial of sotalol versus lignocaine in out-of-hospital refractory cardiac arrest due to ventricular tachyarrhythmia. | We aimed to compare the efficacy of sotalol versus lignocaine for the treatment of patients with out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation refractory to > or = 4 defibrillatory shocks.</AbstractText>The outcome of patients in ventricular fibrillation refractory to > or = 4 defibrillatory shocks is poor. In a previ... |
447 | Atypical proarrhythmia with dofetilide: monomorphic VT and exercise-induced torsade de pointes. | Proarrhythmia with dofetilide has most typically taken the form of torsade de pointes (TdP) and generally occurs early with therapy, such that in-hospital initiation of dofetilide with 3 days of continuous electrocardiogram monitoring is recommended. This article reports two unusual variants of ventricular proarrhythmi... |
448 | Arrhythmic storm responsive to quinidine in a patient with Brugada syndrome and vasovagal syncope. | A 37-year-old man with Brugada syndrome (BrS) and arrhythmic storm is described. One month after implantation of a cardioverter-defibrillator he presented with recurrent appropriate shocks for spontaneous ventricular fibrillation (VF). Because of this arrhythmic storm, quinidine therapy was initiated with total suppres... |
449 | Bachmann's bundle: does it play a role in atrial fibrillation? | Cardiac anatomists have known the presence of a group of specialized fibers connecting the right and left atrium for years. However, only recently have clinical cardiologists come to recognize the potential importance of this specialized conduction system. Anatomical and microscopic studies have shown that the Bachmann... |
450 | Temporal relationship of implantable cardioverter defibrillator discharges and environmental physical activity. | Studies by our group have shown an inverse relationship between sudden death and cardiac rhythm disturbances and environmental levels of geomagnetic activity (GMA). The aim of this study was to use the precise data provided by automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) regarding the onset of ventricular f... |
451 | Clinical and quality of life comparison of accelerometer, piezoelectric crystal, and blended sensors in DDDR-paced patients with sinus node dysfunction in the mode selection trial (MOST). | Permanent pacemakers are capable of increasing heart rate in response to physical activity by a variety of sensors including accelerometers, piezoelectric crystals, or blended sensors. The impact of these different physiologic sensors on cardiovascular events and quality of life is not known.</AbstractText>Of 2,010 pat... |
452 | [The progress of electrical treatment of arrhythmia]. | Described here is the progress of the electrical treatment for arrhythmia during the past half a century. The mechanism, their expression and the principles of electrical treatment for bradycardia, tachycardia and fatal arrhythmia--ventricular fibrillation (VF) are introduced respectively. The current situation and fut... |
453 | Incidence and clinical relevance of slow ventricular tachycardia in implantable cardioverter-defibrillator recipients: an international multicenter prospective study. | This study aims to assess the incidence and clinical relevance of slow ventricular tachycardia (VT) and the effectiveness and/or deleterious effects of antitachycardia pacing in slow VT in implantable cardioverter-defibrillator recipients.</AbstractText>This multicenter prospective randomized study included 374 patient... |
454 | Recurrent ST-segment elevations in a patient without significant coronary disease. | We report a case of recurrent ST-segment elevations totaling 7 times over 3 hours during subtotal gastrectomy and the early postoperative period in a patient with no history of coronary artery disease. Possible contributing factors include cold stimulus, epidural anesthesia, and inadequate depth of anesthesia. The firs... |
455 | Computer simulations of successful defibrillation in decoupled and non-uniform cardiac tissue. | The aim of the present study is to investigate the origin and effect of virtual electrode polarization in uniform, decoupled and non-uniform cardiac tissue during field stimulation.</AbstractText>A discrete bidomain model with active membrane behaviour was used to simulate normal cardiac tissue as well as cardiac tissu... |
456 | Effects of antiarrhythmic drug therapy on atrioventricular nodal function during atrial fibrillation in humans. | To assess the effects of metoprolol and amiodarone on atrial and ventricular activity during atrial fibrillation (AF) in post-surgical patients, and to develop and use a mathematical model of the atrioventricular (AV) node during AF that incorporates parameters describing the properties of the AV node to evaluate the p... |
457 | Mechanisms for the maintenance of ventricular fibrillation: the nonuniform dispersion of refractoriness, restitution properties, or anatomic heterogeneities? | The relative importance of nonuniform dispersion of refractoriness, steep restitution slopes, and anatomic heterogeneities in causing conduction block during ventricular fibrillation (VF) remains unknown.</AbstractText>In six open-chest pigs, ventricular refractoriness and restitution curves were estimated from activat... |
458 | Enhanced coagulation activation by in vitro lipopolysaccharide challenge in patients with ventricular fibrillation complicating acute myocardial infarction. | Indicators of coagulation and inflammation are elevated in patients with coronary heart disease. A role of coagulation activation in ventricular fibrillation during acute myocardial infarction has not been described.</AbstractText>Whole blood samples of 21 patients with a history of acute myocardial infarction complica... |
459 | Comparison of induced and spontaneous atrial tachyarrhythmias in patients with a history of spontaneous atrial tachyarrhythmias. | This retrospective study investigated whether induced episodes could be used to predict the morphology of future spontaneous atrial episodes.</AbstractText>Eighty-two patients (64 +/- 12 years; 77% male; CAD in 60%; left ventricular ejection fraction 45 +/- 16%) with a history of atrial tachycardia or atrial fibrillati... |
460 | Multicenter, prospective, randomized safety and efficacy study of a new atrial-based managed ventricular pacing mode (MVP) in dual chamber ICDs. | Ventricular desynchronization caused by right ventricular pacing may impair ventricular function and increase risk of heart failure (CHF), atrial fibrillation (AF), and death. Conventional DDD/R mode often results in high cumulative percentage ventricular pacing (Cum%VP). We hypothesized that a new managed ventricular ... |
461 | Dose response curves for microwave ablation in the cardioplegia-arrested porcine heart. | Microwave ablation has been used clinically for the surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation, particularly during valve procedures. However, dose- response curves have not been established for this surgical environment. The purpose of this study was to examine dosimetry curves for the Flex 4 and Flex 10 microwave devi... |
462 | Phase singularities and filaments: simplifying complexity in computational models of ventricular fibrillation. | In the whole heart, millions of cardiac cells are involved in ventricular fibrillation (VF). Experimental studies indicate that VF is sustained by re-entrant activity, and that each re-entrant wave rotates around a filament of phase singularity. Filaments act as organising centres, and offer a way to simplify and quant... |
463 | Entrainment of the natural pacemakers of the heart precedes atrial fibrillation. | A new measure of heart rate variability is proposed to investigate the interaction of the sino-atrial (SA) and atrio-ventricular (AV) pacemakers. Using electrocardiogram (ECG) fiduciary markers corresponding to the depolarization time of the SA and AV pacemakers, the variability of SA and AV depolarization rate is join... |
464 | Antiarrhythmic effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. | The present study was designed to determine the antiarrhythmic effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), an active component of propolis, which exhibits antioxidant properties, in rats subjected to myocardial ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury.</AbstractText>Rats were subjected to 30 min coronary arter... |
465 | Prevalence and clinical significance of left atrial remodeling in competitive athletes. | In the present study we assessed the distribution and clinical significance of left atrial (LA) size in the context of athlete's heart and the differential diagnosis from structural heart disease, as well as the proclivity to supraventricular arrhythmias.</AbstractText>The prevalence, clinical significance, and long-te... |
466 | The dubious value of echocardiographic and plasma ANP measurements in predicting outcome of cardioversion in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia with important therapeutic and prognostic implications. An attempt to restore sinus rhythm is considered in most patients with AF. The aim of this study was to assess the value of echocardiographic examination and plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) evaluation in pred... |
467 | Somatosensory and brainstem auditory evoked potentials in cardiac arrest patients treated with hypothermia. | To evaluate the prognostic value of short-latency median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials and brainstem auditory evoked potentials in outcome prediction for comatose cardiac arrest patients treated with hypothermia.</AbstractText>Prospective, randomized, controlled trial of mild hypothermia after out-of-hospital c... |
468 | Effect of transthoracic shocks on left ventricular function. | Although defibrillating shocks are thought to depress ventricular function transiently, the independent effects of high strength shocks (without the metabolic sequelae of pre-shock fibrillation) have not been assessed systematically in humans. Therefore, we delivered three consecutive synchronized monophasic transthora... |
469 | Survival of a neurologically intact patient with subarachnoid hemorrhage and cardiopulmonary arrest. | Subarachnold hemorrhage (SAH) is a relatively common cause of cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA). Long-term survival with SAH and CPA is rare, and the vast majority of those who survive have moderate to severe neurologic disability. To our knowledge, there are no prior reports of patients with SAH who experience CPA and surv... |
470 | B-type natriuretic peptide as a biomarker beyond heart failure: speculations and opportunities. | Cardiac secretion of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) Increases with the progression of heart failure (HF), and plasma measurement of BNP has emerged recently as a useful, cost-effective biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of HF. The diagnostic utility of BNP is complemented by its therapeutic use in decompensate... |
471 | Cytotoxic actions of palytoxin on aortic smooth muscle cells in culture. | Palytoxin (PTX), isolated from a zoanthid of the genus Palythoa, is the most potent marine toxin known. Intoxication by PTX leads to vasoconstriction, hemorrhage, ataxia, muscle weakness, ventricular fibrillation, pulmonary hypertension, ischemia and death. In this study, clonal A7r5 rat aortic smooth muscle cells were... |
472 | Machine and operator performance analysis of automated external defibrillator utilization. | The availability of an automated external defibrillator (AED) can improve the outcome of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). On June 1, 2000, Taipei City became the first city in Taiwan to equip emergency medical services personnel with AEDs. This study was conducted to assess the performance of the AE... |
473 | Elimination of spiral chaos by pulse entrainment in the Aliev-Panfilov model. | Pulse entrainment between two excitatory media is studied in the Aliev-Panfilov model. We show that a spiral chaos in the continuous excitatory medium can be eliminated by a grid network using the pulse entrainment. This mechanism may be applied to the cardiac system, where the ventricular fibrillation is interpreted a... |
474 | Dynamics of conduction blocks in a model of paced cardiac tissue. | We study numerically the dynamics of conduction blocks using a detailed electrophysiological model. We find that this dynamics depends critically on the size of the paced region. Small pacing regions lead to stationary conduction blocks while larger pacing regions can lead to conduction blocks that travel periodically ... |
475 | Selected controversies in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. | Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is performed frequently by paramedics, emergency department personnel, and inpatient physicians. Unfortunately, after more than 40 years of practice and study, there are still many controversies and unresolved treatment issues. This article focuses on four current controversies in CP... |
476 | Myosin heavy chain composition and the economy of contraction in healthy and diseased human myocardium. | Changes in myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform expression and protein composition occur during cardiac disease and it has been suggested that even a minor shift in MHC composition may exert a considerable effect on myocardial energetics and performance. Here an overview is provided of the cellular basis of the energy util... |
477 | Assessment of potential cardiotoxic side effects of mitoxantrone in patients with multiple sclerosis. | Previous studies showed that mitoxantrone can reduce disability progression in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). There is, however, concern that it may cause irreversible cardiomyopathy with reduced left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) and congestive heart failure. The aim of this prospective study was to ... |
478 | Echocardiographic ejection fraction in patients with acute heart failure: correlations with hemodynamic, clinical, and neurohormonal measures and short-term outcome. | Although echocardiographic ejection fraction (EF) is frequently used for the estimation of left ventricular contractility in patients with acute heart failure, its exact role and correlations with clinical, hemodynamic, and neurohormonal variables of cardiac contractility is not known.</AbstractText>Patients (343) with... |
479 | Brady-tachy syndrome: rapid atrial pacing efficacy in preventing atrial fibrillation recurrence assessed by reliable electrograms: the prefib pilot study. | Recent studies have tested different atrial pacing rates, modes, and sites for preventing atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence. Present generation pacemakers offer reliable electrograms (EGMs) storage for optimizing the arrhythmia diagnosis. Based on these EGMs, the study objective was to assess the rate of AF recurrenc... |
480 | Rate stabilization by right ventricular apex or His bundle pacing in patients with atrial fibrillation. | In patients with atrial fibrillation right ventricular pacing can block antegrade conduction at pacing intervals longer than the shortest spontaneous R-R interval, causing the stabilization of ventricular rhythm. In this study the effects of pacing at two sites were compared in order to evaluate the role of conduction ... |
481 | Surgical management of Ebstein's anomaly in the adult. | Ebstein's anomaly is a rare cardiac malformation that affects the tricuspid valve, right ventricle, and right atrioventricular junction. These anatomical and functional abnormalities cause important tricuspid regurgitation that results in right atrial and right ventricular dilatation and atrial and ventricular arrhythm... |
482 | Mechanism of sudden cardiac death in pigs with viable chronically dysfunctional myocardium and ischemic cardiomyopathy. | Pigs with viable chronically dysfunctional myocardium and ischemic cardiomyopathy are at high risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). We sought to identify the arrhythmic mechanism of SCD, the relation to changes in left ventricular (LV) function, and inducibility of malignant arrhythmias before SCD. Juvenile pigs (n = 72)... |
483 | Randomized comparison of anterolateral versus anteroposterior electrode position for biphasic external cardioversion of atrial fibrillation. | In biphasic external cardioversion (CV) of atrial fibrillation (AF), the influence of different electrode positions on efficacy and incidence of early recurrent atrial fibrillation is not known. This study compared anteroposterior (AP) vs anterolateral (AL) electrode positioning.</AbstractText>Consecutive patients refe... |
484 | Effects of [5-(2-methoxy-5-fluorophenyl)furan-2-ylcarbonyl]guanidine (KR-32560), a novel sodium/hydrogen exchanger-1 inhibitor, on myocardial infarct size and ventricular arrhythmias in a rat model of ischemia/reperfusion heart injury. | The cardioprotective effects of the novel sodium/hydrogen exchanger-1 (NHE-1) inhibitor KR-32560 {[5-(2-methoxy-5-fluorophenyl)furan-2-ylcarbonyl]guanidine} were studied in an anesthetized rat model of 30-min ischemia / 2.5-h reperfusion heart injury. KR-32560 (0.01 - 1 microM) dose-dependently inhibited NHE-1-mediated... |
485 | Induction of mild hypothermia with infusion of cold (4 degrees C) fluid during ongoing experimental CPR. | Therapeutic hypothermia after resuscitation has been shown to improve the outcome regarding neurological state and to reduce mortality. The earlier hypothermia therapy is induced probably the better. We studied the induction of hypothermia with a large volume of intravenous ice-cold fluid after cardiac arrest during on... |
486 | Factors influencing mortality in atrial fibrillation. Post hoc analysis of an observational study in outpatients. | Whether patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) have an increased mortality compared with the general population is controversially assessed.</AbstractText>The mortality of 409 outpatients with AF (36% female, mean age 62 years, 39% paroxysmal AF, 27% lone AF), who were included in a prospective observational study, was... |
487 | Use of amiodarone in emergency. | Amiodarone is one of the most common anti-arrhythmic drugs used in the Emergency Department. Recent guidelines on cardiac arrest with shockable rhythm [refractory ventricular fibrillation (VF)/pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT)] recommend amiodarone as anti-arrhythmic of first choice. Amiodarone is also first choic... |
488 | Neuroprotective and cardioprotective actions of an association of pyruvate, vitamin E and fatty acids. | Oxidative stress may involve overproduction of hydrogen peroxide which can generate highly cytotoxic hydroxyl radicals in the presence of ferrous ions. This work demonstrates that TCAT (Tricomponent Antioxidant Therapy), an association of pyruvate, vitamin E and fatty acids, provides neuronal and cardiac protection in ... |
489 | Effects of KB-R9032, a new Na+/H+ exchange inhibitor, on canine coronary occlusion/reperfusion-induced ventricular arrhythmias. | We investigated the effects of KB-R9032 (N-(4-isopropyl-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[1,4]oxazine-6-carbonyl) guanidine methanesulfonate), a new Na(+)/H(+) exchange inhibitor, on a coronary artery occlusion/reperfusion-induced arrhythmia model in pentobarbital anesthetized dogs. KB-R9032 reduced the number of... |
490 | Pretreatment with an adenosine A1 receptor agonist and lidocaine: a possible alternative to myocardial ischemic preconditioning. | The heart possesses an extraordinary ability to remember short episodes of sublethal ischemia and reperfusion (angina), which protects the myocardium and coronary vasculature from a subsequent lethal insult, a phenomenon known as ischemic preconditioning. A therapeutic goal for more than 2 decades has been to develop a... |
491 | Right axillary incision: a cosmetically superior approach to repair a wide range of congenital cardiac defects. | We sought to evaluate the safety of a right axillary incision, a cosmetically superior approach than anterolateral thoracotomy, to repair various congenital heart defects.</AbstractText>All the patients who were approached with this incision between March 2001 and October 2004 were included in the study. There were 80 ... |
492 | Supraventricular tachycardia in children. | Several different mechanisms are responsible for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia in children. Different forms of tachycardia occur at different age. Atrio-ventricular reentry tachycardia results from the presence of congenital atrio-ventricular bypass tracts and is frequently encountered at all ages. Infants ma... |
493 | Clinical characteristics and treatment of short QT syndrome.<Pagination><StartPage>611</StartPage><EndPage>617</EndPage><MedlinePgn>611-7</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>Short QT syndrome is a new inherited disorder associated with familial atrial fibrillation and/or sudden death or syncope. To date, t... | Short QT syndrome is a new inherited disorder associated with familial atrial fibrillation and/or sudden death or syncope. To date, three different mutations in genes encoding cardiac ion channels (KCNH2, KCNQ1 and KCNJ2) have been identified as causing short QT syndrome. All mutations lead to a gain in function of the... |
494 | [Sudden cardiac death: state of the art]. | Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is an integral term for several heart diseases among which SCD caused by ischemic heart disease (IHD) designated as sudden coronary death (SCD) ranks first. SCD associated with alcoholic cardiomyopathy ranks second. Risk factors and pathologic manifestations of SCD correspond to those of IHD,... |
495 | Intrathoracic pressure regulator during continuous-chest-compression advanced cardiac resuscitation improves vital organ perfusion pressures in a porcine model of cardiac arrest. | A novel device, the intrathoracic pressure regulator (ITPR), combines an inspiratory impedance threshold device (ITD) with a vacuum source for the generation of controlled -10 mm Hg vacuum in the trachea during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) while allowing positive pressure ventilation. Compared with standard (STD... |
496 | The signal-averaged P-wave duration is longer in hypertensive patients with history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation as compared to those without. | Onset of atrial fibrillation in hypertensive patients is usually associated with a high occurrence of cardiovascular complications. Therefore, it is important to assess non-invasively the risk of developing paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) in hypertensive patients during sinus rhythm. This study was undertaken to d... |
497 | Rate versus rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation: what the trials really say. | Despite new insights into the pathophysiological triggers of atrial fibrillation (AF) and the development of novel ablative techniques and antiarrhythmic drugs, the management of this chronic rhythm disturbance remains problematic. At present, there are two fundamental interventional choices: restoration and maintenanc... |
498 | Do discharge codes underestimate hospitalisation due to heart failure? Validation study of hospital discharge coding for heart failure. | Discharge codes are frequently used to describe hospital activity related to heart failure (HF).</AbstractText>To determine whether discharge codes for HF underestimated or overestimated hospital activity related to HF.</AbstractText>Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), who commonly have HF, were identified and thei... |
499 | Microvolt T-wave alternans: a review of techniques, interpretation, utility, clinical studies, and future perspectives. | Microvolt T-wave alternans (TWA) testing involves measuring variation in the morphology of the T-wave on an every other beat basis. The magnitude of the variation observed is typically on the order of a few microvolts. Thus in order to detect microvolt TWA, specialized recording and signal processing methods must be em... |
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