CUI stringlengths 8 8 | DEF stringlengths 1 8.95k ⌀ | SAB stringclasses 33
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|---|---|---|
C5690853 | The study of a variety of data sets, such as TRANSCRIPTOME; PROTEOME; METABOLOME; or MICROBIOME, that are generated from the same biological source, like a cell type or organ, during normal versus diseased states, or other comparable instances. | MSH |
C0142661 | Highly conserved nuclear RNA-protein complexes that function in RNA processing in the nucleus, including pre-mRNA splicing and pre-mRNA 3'-end processing in the nucleoplasm, and pre-rRNA processing in the nucleolus (see RIBONUCLEOPROTEINS, SMALL NUCLEOLAR). | MSH |
C5690898 | Functional brain imaging techniques that utilize various RADIONUCLIDE TRACERS that bind to different targets in the SYNAPSES of DOPAMINERGIC NEURONS. | MSH |
C0140610 | A pyridine and diphosphonic acid derivative that acts as a CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and inhibits BONE RESORPTION. | MSH |
C0140649 | N-Glycosidases that remove adenines from RIBOSOMAL RNA, depurinating the conserved alpha-sarcin loop of 28S RIBOSOMAL RNA. They often consist of a toxic A subunit and a binding lectin B subunit. They may be considered as PROTEIN SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS. They are found in many PLANTS and have cytotoxic and antiviral activi... | MSH |
C5690897 | Research involving the synthesis of life and life-like phenomena and the application of such techniques toward the enhancement of our theoretical understanding of life and life-like phenomena, studied through the use of computer programs. | MSH |
C0141313 | A group of organic sulfur-containing nitrites, alkyl thionitrites. S-Nitrosothiols include compounds such as S-NITROSO-N-ACETYLPENICILLAMINE and S-NITROSOGLUTATHIONE. | MSH |
C5690896 | A form of qualitative research that uses a systematic procedure to analyze documentary evidence and answer specific research questions. | MSH |
C0141599 | The sixth planet in order from the sun. It is one of the five outer planets of the solar system. Its twelve natural satellites include Phoebe and Titan. | MSH |
C5690895 | The ability of a plant to adapt in a drought environment and tolerate a reduction in available water. | MSH |
C5690854 | A peri-operative bridge therapy procedure in patients with high risk THROMBOEMBOLIC events and the risk of bleeding. | MSH |
C5690886 | Small kinetoplastid mitochondrial RNA that plays a major role in RNA EDITING. These molecules form perfect hybrids with edited mRNA sequences and possess nucleotide sequences at their 5'-ends that are complementary to the sequences of the mRNA's immediately downstream of the pre-edited regions. | MSH |
C0142046 | The biologically active fragment of human growth hormone-releasing factor, consisting of GHRH(1-29)-amide. This N-terminal sequence is identical in several mammalian species, such as human, pig, and cattle. It is used to diagnose or treat patients with GROWTH HORMONE deficiency. | MSH |
C0142056 | A type of asbestos that occurs in nature as the dihydrate of magnesium silicate. It exists in two forms: antigorite, a plated variety, and chrysotile, a fibrous variety. The latter makes up 95% of all asbestos products. (From Merck Index, 11th ed, p.893) | MSH |
C5690872 | Clone of strain L that was derived in March, 1948. The parent L strain was derived from normal subcutaneous areolar and adipose tissue of a 100-day-old male C3H/An mouse. Clone 929 was the first cloned strain developed from the L strain. (from https://www.atcc.org/products/ccl-1 as of 09/02/2021) | MSH |
C0142251 | A sialic acid binding lectin that was originally identified as an adhesion molecule for inflammatory MACROPHAGES and activated MONOCYTES. This protein is the largest known siglec subtype and contains 16 immunoglobulin C2-set domains. It plays a role in cell to cell interactions and interactions with bacteria. | MSH |
C5690868 | Proteins modified post-translationally by GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASES or synthetically by organic chemical reactions. In the past, glycosylated proteins sometimes referred to GLYCATED PROTEINS (those modified by the spontaneous, non-enzymatic attachment of reducing sugars to amino groups during the MAILLARD REACTION.) | MSH |
C0142281 | Low-molecular-weight compounds produced by microorganisms that aid in the transport and sequestration of ferric iron. (The Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology, 1994) | MSH |
C5690858 | The two groups of indigenous aboriginal peoples of Australia. They include Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders. These are two distinct peoples with unique histories, languages, cultural practices and spiritual beliefs. | MSH |
C5690857 | Individuals classified according US federal government used for US federal data on race and ethnicity. Race and ethnicity terms are self-identified social construct. MeSH may contain outdated and offensive population terms only to assist users who are interested in retrieving comprehensive search results for studies su... | MSH |
C0141947 | An extracellular selenoprotein that contains most of the SELENIUM in PLASMA. Selenoprotein P functions as an antioxidant and appears to transport selenium from the LIVER to peripheral tissues. | MSH |
C5690830 | Portal hypertension of the SPLENIC VEIN due to occlusion caused by pancreatic pathology such as PANCREATIC PSEUDOCYST and PANCRATIC CANCER. Sinistral portal hypertension is associated with GASTRIC VARICES and acute HEMATEMESIS. | MSH |
C0142957 | An electrogenic ion exchange protein that maintains a steady level of calcium by removing an amount of calcium equal to that which enters the cells. It is widely distributed in most excitable membranes, including the brain and heart. | MSH |
C0142973 | Fraction of soggy texture coal ash collected from top section of chimneys. | MSH |
C5690804 | Viral mechanisms of translational programming in which ribosomes reach the start codon bypassing or shunting over large segments of the 5' UTR of VIRAL RNA. Ribosome shunting allows host translational machinery to engage polycistronic transcripts similar to RIBOSOMAL FRAMESHIFTING, and use of INTERNAL RIBOSOME ENTRY SI... | MSH |
C0145055 | A gamma-emitting RADIONUCLIDE IMAGING agent used in the evaluation of regional cerebral blood flow and in non-invasive dynamic biodistribution studies and MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION IMAGING. It has also been used to label leukocytes in the investigation of INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES. | MSH |
C0145106 | Lipoglycopeptide antibiotic from Actinoplanes teichomyceticus active against gram-positive bacteria. It consists of five major components each with a different fatty acid moiety. | MSH |
C5690803 | An observation that high BODY MASS INDEX is sometimes associated with lower CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE mortality in certain population, e.g., ELDERLY. | MSH |
C5690802 | The natural inclination or preference of time of day in which an individual or an organism has the most activity, particularly as it relates to sleeping pattern and circadian sleep-wake preferences. | MSH |
C5690801 | Innate immunity systems which recognize presence of pathogens either through detection of damages associated with pathogen effector, e.g., pathogenic toxins and pore formation (effector triggered immunity) or though detection of molecular patterns common to many types of microbes (PATHOGEN-ASSOCIATED MOLECULAR PATTERN ... | MSH |
C5690800 | Reduction in OCEAN WATER overall pH. Ocean acidification is linked to CORAL BLEACHING and may disturb other marine BIODIVERSITY. | MSH |
C0145185 | An inactive peptide prodrug that is slowly converted in the body to lypressin. It is used to control bleeding of ESOPHAGEAL VARICES and for the treatment of HEPATORENAL SYNDROME. | MSH |
C5690805 | Electron microscopy techniques designed to reconstruct 3-D images at micrometer volume scales at nanometer (nm) level resolutions. Volume electron microscopy uses various techniques to render, segment and reconstruct 3-D images from stacked sequential 2-D images of incremental z-planes. | MSH |
C5690799 | Stressors and conditions which disturb PROTEOSTASIS. Dysfunctional responses to proteotoxic stress are associated with CELL DEATH; CELL SENESCENCE; CANCER and PROTEINOPATHY. | MSH |
C5690797 | Recording of brain electrical activities recorded by a small-size electrode in the brain. It measures electric potential in the extracellular medium around neurons generated by small electric currents of local origin. | MSH |
C5690796 | Contiguous amino acid sequences within a carbohydrate-active enzyme with discrete folds having carbohydrate binding activity. They are classified into 43 different families based on AMINO ACID SEQUENCE, binding specificity, and structure. | MSH |
C0145779 | A cell surface glycoprotein of endothelial cells that binds thrombin and serves as a cofactor in the activation of protein C and its regulation of blood coagulation. | MSH |
C5690794 | Bifunctional molecules that are designed to recruit E3 UBIQUITIN LIGASE to a specific target protein. Proteolysis targeting chimera consist of a target protein ligand connected via a linker to an E3 ligand. They promote association of E3 with specific target proteins tagged for degradation via the PROTEASOME. | MSH |
C0145822 | An enzyme that removes THYMINE and URACIL bases mispaired with GUANINE through hydrolysis of their N-glycosidic bond. These mispaired nucleotides generally occur through the hydrolytic DEAMINATION of 5-METHYLCYTOSINE to thymine. | MSH |
C5690793 | Medium sized, inhibitory GABAergic neurons in the CORPUS STRIATUM with highly developed dendritic trees. They are divided into neurons expressing DOPAMINE D1 RECEPTORS which project preferentially to the SUBSTANTIA NIGRA PARS RETICULATA and neurons expressing DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS which project preferentially to the la... | MSH |
C0145946 | A member of the family of TISSUE INHIBITOR OF METALLOPROTEINASES. It is a 21-kDa nonglycosylated protein found in tissue fluid and is secreted as a complex with progelatinase A by human fibroblast and uncomplexed from alveolar macrophages. An overexpression of TIMP-2 has been shown to inhibit invasive and metastatic ac... | MSH |
C0145947 | A member of the family of TISSUE INHIBITOR OF METALLOPROTEINASES. It is a N-glycosylated protein, molecular weight 28 kD, produced by a vast range of cell types and found in a variety of tissues and body fluids. It has been shown to suppress metastasis and inhibit tumor invasion in vitro. | MSH |
C5690798 | Ability of the INNATE IMMUNITY system to form IMMUNOLOGIC MEMORY and provide enhanced defense against subsequent secondary infections. In trained immunity, long-term adaptation of innate immune cells occurs through EPIGENETIC PROCESSES and metabolic CELLULAR REPROGRAMMING to form long term immunologic memory. | MSH |
C5690808 | Commerce of non-domesticated WILD ANIMALS or plants. Wildlife trade, particularly illegal trades, threaten ECOSYSTEMS and drives up SPECIES EXTINCTION. It also increases chance of emerging ZOONOSES. | MSH |
C5690812 | A technique of mRNA sequence analysis that is used to determine which mRNAs are being actively translated. This technique relies on sequencing of RIBOSOME protected mRNA fragments (so-called ribosomal footprints) allowing the indication of the exact positions of ribosomes on transcripts. | MSH |
C5690813 | Combinations of monoclonal antibodies used therapeutically to modulate the IMMUNE SYSTEM. | MSH |
C5690826 | A component of CRISPR-Cas SYSTEMS. Cas endodeoxyribonucleases assemble with a guide RNA complex, a hybrid of CRISPR RNA (crRNA) and transactivating crRNA (tracrRNA) molecules, to form an active complex that cleaves DNA. crRNA and tracrRNA can be synthetically fused into a single RNA molecule, namely single guide RNA. S... | MSH |
C0143087 | A class of RAS GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE FACTORS that are genetically related to the Son of Sevenless gene from DROSOPHILA. Sevenless refers to genetic mutations in DROSOPHILA that cause loss of the R7 photoreceptor which is required to see UV light. | MSH |
C0143146 | An abundant pulmonary surfactant-associated protein that binds to a variety of lung pathogens, resulting in their opsinization. It also stimulates MACROPHAGES to undergo PHAGOCYTOSIS of microorganisms. Surfactant protein A contains a N-terminal collagen-like domain and a C-terminal lectin domain that are characteristic... | MSH |
C0143252 | An enzyme that catalyzes the acyltransferase of SPHINGOSINE to N-acylsphingosine using acyl-COENZYME A as donor and COENZYME A as acceptor. The enzyme is mainly localized in the MITOCHONDRIA. | MSH |
C0143466 | A member of the ternary complex family of ets-related transcription factors that is regulated by MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES such as EXTRACELLULAR SIGNAL-REGULATED MAP KINASES; and P38 MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES. | MSH |
C5690825 | O'odham-speaking Native American people generally associated with Southwestern Arizona. | MSH |
C0143630 | A hematopoietic growth factor and the ligand of the cell surface c-kit protein (PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-KIT). It is expressed during embryogenesis and is a growth factor for a number of cell types including the MAST CELLS and the MELANOCYTES in addition to the HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS. | MSH |
C0143993 | An opioid analgesic that is used as an adjunct in anesthesia, in balanced anesthesia, and as a primary anesthetic agent. | MSH |
C5690824 | Southern Athabaskan-speaking Native American people generally associated with the Southwestern states. Navajo Nation is the largest Native American territory in the United States. | MSH |
C5690823 | Repair of THORACIC AORTIC ANEURYSM with an endovascular stent graft. | MSH |
C0144255 | A vesicular transport protein expressed predominately in NEURONS. Synaptotagmin helps regulate EXOCYTOSIS of SYNAPTIC VESICLES and appears to serve as a calcium sensor to trigger NEUROTRANSMITTER release. It also acts as a nerve cell receptor for certain BOTULINUM TOXINS. | MSH |
C5690820 | Reduced mineralization disorder of the DENTAL ENAMEL during development resulting in qualitative defects, e.g., discolored or chalky (soft) enamel. | MSH |
C0144507 | A notch receptor that interacts with a variety of ligands and regulates SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS for multiple cellular processes. It is widely expressed during EMBRYOGENESIS and is essential for EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. | MSH |
C0144555 | A general transcription factor that plays a major role in the activation of eukaryotic genes transcribed by RNA POLYMERASES. It binds specifically to the TATA BOX promoter element, which lies close to the position of transcription initiation in RNA transcribed by RNA POLYMERASE II. Although considered a principal compo... | MSH |
C5690819 | Defects in normal AMELOGENESIS caused by any local, systemic, environmental, or genetic factors. Enamel defects resulting from demineralization of normally developed DENTAL ENAMEL is referred to as TOOTH DEMINERALIZATION. | MSH |
C5690817 | A non-surgical and non-pharmacological exercise treatment designed to manage OLFACTORY DISORDERS. | MSH |
C0144576 | A cyclodecane isolated from the bark of the Pacific yew tree, TAXUS BREVIFOLIA. It stabilizes MICROTUBULES in their polymerized form leading to cell death. | MSH |
C5690815 | Isoelectric focusing in capillary gels instead of slab gels. Capillary gel electrophoresis generally allows higher resolution, higher detection sensitivity and easier integration with other separation and detection techniques. | MSH |
C5690814 | A family of pore-forming effector proteins that cause membrane permeabilization and PYROPTOSIS.. Gasdermin-induced pyroptosis plays a prominent role in many HEREDITARY DISEASES and autoinflammatory disorders as well as in CANCER. | MSH |
C5690899 | The use of a dose of electricity that causes the pores that are formed in CELL MEMBRANES during ELECTROPORATION to remain open long enough to trigger CELL DEATH. It is sometimes used in conjunction with ELECTROCHEMOTHERAPY. | MSH |
C5690900 | Policies, regulations and programs implemented to encourage SMOKING PREVENTION and reduce TOBACCO USE DISORDER by various measures, e.g., TOBACCO INDUSTRY regulation, SMOKE-FREE POLICY and SMOKE CESSATION programs . | MSH |
C0140591 | Oxazole derivative that acts as an agonist for ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is used in the treatment of HYPERTENSION. | MSH |
C5690901 | The state of supporting a body to simulate partial or applied load. | MSH |
C0133873 | A neuropeptide toxin from the venom of the funnel web spider, Agelenopsis aperta. It inhibits CALCIUM CHANNELS, P-TYPE by altering the voltage-dependent gating so that very large depolarizations are needed for channel opening. It also inhibits CALCIUM CHANNELS, Q-TYPE. | MSH |
C0133930 | A viral oncoprotein originally isolated from a murine T CELL LYMPHOMA infected with the acutely transforming retrovirus AKT8. v-akt protein is the viral homologue of PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-AKT. | MSH |
C0134088 | A sub-family of sequence-related ORGANIC ANION TRANSPORTERS. | MSH |
C0134649 | An organic mercurial used as a sulfhydryl reagent. | MSH |
C0134835 | Cell adhesion molecule and CD antigen that mediates the adhesion of neutrophils and monocytes to activated platelets and endothelial cells. | MSH |
C0135572 | A paired box transcription factor that is essential for ORGANOGENESIS of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM and KIDNEY. | MSH |
C0135575 | Paxillin is a signal transducing adaptor protein that localizes to FOCAL ADHESIONS via its four LIM domains. It undergoes PHOSPHORYLATION in response to integrin-mediated CELL ADHESION, and interacts with a variety of proteins including VINCULIN; FOCAL ADHESION KINASE; PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN PP60(C-SRC); and PROTO-ONCO... | MSH |
C0135615 | A CALCIUM-dependent endopeptidase that has specificity for cleavage at ARGININE that is near paired basic residues. It cleaves a variety of prohormones including PRO-OPIOMELANOCORTIN; PRORENIN; proenkephalins; prodynorphin; prosomatostatin; and PROINSULIN. | MSH |
C0133860 | FATTY ACIDS which have the first unsaturated bond in the sixth position from the omega carbon. A typical American diet tends to contain substantially more omega-6 than OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS. | MSH |
C0135981 | An antineoplastic agent derived from BLEOMYCIN. | MSH |
C0136120 | A lipid droplet protein that is expressed primarily by ADIPOCYTES of WHITE ADIPOSE TISSUE and BROWN ADIPOSE TISSUE. It co-localizes with MACROPHAGES and FOAM CELLS of artherosclerotic lesions and stabilizes LIPID DROPLETS by inhibiting HORMONE SENSITIVE LIPASE. It may also protect TRIGLYCERIDES against hydrolysis withi... | MSH |
C0136123 | An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is used in patients with hypertension and heart failure. | MSH |
C0136976 | A plant photo regulatory protein that exists in two forms that are reversibly interconvertible by LIGHT. In response to light it moves to the CELL NUCLEUS and regulates transcription of target genes. Phytochrome B plays an important role in shade avoidance and mediates plant de-etiolation in red light. | MSH |
C0136979 | Light energy harvesting structures attached to the THYLAKOID MEMBRANES of CYANOBACTERIA and RED ALGAE. These multiprotein complexes contain pigments (PHYCOBILIPROTEINS) that transfer light energy to chlorophyll a. | MSH |
C0136993 | Poly-glutathione peptides composed of (Glu-Cys)n-Gly where n is two to seven. They are biosynthesized by glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase and are found in many PLANTS; YEASTS; and algae. They sequester HEAVY METALS. | MSH |
C0137209 | A multi-functional catenin that is highly homologous to BETA CATENIN. Gamma catenin binds CADHERINS and helps link their cytoplasmic tails to ACTIN in the CYTOSKELETON via ALPHA CATENIN. It is also found in DESMOSOMES where it mediates the link between DESMOSOMAL CADHERINS and DESMOPLAKIN. | MSH |
C5691439 | Immunity acquired through combination of natural infection and vaccination to a pathogen. | MSH |
C5691430 | Application of electric pulses to cells in doses that cause only temporary permeabilization of CELL MEMBRANES. | MSH |
C0136073 | An enzyme that catalyzes the isomerization of proline residues within proteins. EC 5.2.1.8. | MSH |
C0133195 | A broad category of nuclear proteins that are components of or participate in the formation of the NUCLEAR MATRIX. | MSH |
C0132800 | Sodium chloride-dependent neurotransmitter symporters located primarily on the PLASMA MEMBRANE of noradrenergic neurons. They remove NOREPINEPHRINE from the EXTRACELLULAR SPACE by high affinity reuptake into PRESYNAPTIC TERMINALS. The norepinephrine transporter regulates signal amplitude and duration at noradrenergic s... | MSH |
C0132555 | An NADPH-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-ARGININE and OXYGEN to produce CITRULLINE and NITRIC OXIDE. | MSH |
C0127082 | A member of the metalloproteinase family of enzymes that is principally responsible for cleaving FIBRILLAR COLLAGEN. It can degrade interstitial collagens, types I, II and III. | MSH |
C0127164 | A sequence-specific DNA-binding protein that plays an essential role as a global regulator of yeast cell cycle control. It contains a 56 amino acid MADS-box domain within the N-terminal of the protein and is one of the four founder proteins that structurally define the superfamily of MADS DOMAIN PROTEINS. | MSH |
C0127306 | An E3 UBIQUITIN LIGASE that interacts with and inhibits TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN P53. Its ability to ubiquitinate p53 is regulated by TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN P14ARF. | MSH |
C0127527 | A semisynthetic anthracycline with the amino sugar on the D ring. It displays broad-spectrum antineoplastic activity against a variety of tumors. | MSH |
C0127615 | An anti-inflammatory agent, structurally related to the SALICYLATES, which is active in INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. It is considered to be the active moiety of SULPHASALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed) | MSH |
C0127863 | Aminopeptidases that remove METHIONINE from the amino-terminus of a peptide chain, such as the initiator METHIONINE found on nascent peptide chains. | MSH |
C0128400 | A regulatory factor X transcription factor that is required for the expression of MHC CLASS II GENES. It also binds to inverted repeats of HEPATITIS B VIRUS DNA and is required for viral gene expression. RFX1 functions as a monomer or heterodimer with other RFX transcription factors. | MSH |
C0128479 | A developmentally regulated, HEPARIN-binding secreted growth factor homologous to pleiotrophin (PTN). It regulates cell proliferation through its interaction with ANAPLASTIC LYMPHOMA KINASE (ALK) and is involved in the formation of NEOINTIMA following arterial injury. | MSH |
C0128513 | A positive inotropic cardiotonic agent with vasodilator properties. It inhibits cAMP phosphodiesterase type 3 activity in myocardium and vascular smooth muscle. Milrinone is a derivative of amrinone and has 20-30 times the inotropic potency of amrinone. | MSH |
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