source
stringlengths
31
207
text
stringlengths
12
1.5k
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trihalomethane
In chemistry, trihalomethanes (THMs) are chemical compounds in which three of the four hydrogen atoms of methane () are replaced by halogen atoms. Many trihalomethanes find uses in industry as solvents or refrigerants. THMs are also environmental pollutants, and many are considered carcinogenic. Trihalomethanes with ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit%20rank
In graph theory, a branch of mathematics, the circuit rank, cyclomatic number, cycle rank, or nullity of an undirected graph is the minimum number of edges that must be removed from the graph to break all its cycles, making it into a tree or forest. It is equal to the number of independent cycles in the graph (the siz...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSD%20%28disambiguation%29
A solid-state drive is a type of data storage device which uses semiconductor memory rather than magnetic media. SSD may also refer to: Science and technology Saturated-surface-dry, aggregate or porous solid condition Biology and medicine Schizophrenia spectrum disorders Signal-sensing domain, in molecular biolog...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Race%20and%20genetics
Researchers have investigated the relationship between race and genetics as part of efforts to understand how biology may or may not contribute to human racial categorization. Many constructions of race are associated with phenotypical traits and geographic ancestry, and scholars like Carl Linnaeus have proposed scien...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic%20lattice
Atomic lattice may refer to: In mineralogy, atomic lattice refers to the arrangement of atoms into a crystal structure. In order theory, a lattice is called an atomic lattice if the underlying partial order is atomic. In chemistry, atomic lattice refers to the arrangement of atoms in an atomic crystalline solid.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Herman%20%28journalist%29
George Edward Herman (January 14, 1920 – February 8, 2005) was a veteran CBS journalist. He was a correspondent for more than 40 years, 15 of them as the moderator of Face the Nation. Biography Herman was good friends and roommates with Walter Lippmann, graduated from Dartmouth College with a bachelor's degree in math...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometrical%20frustration
In condensed matter physics, the term geometrical frustration (or in short: frustration) refers to a phenomenon where atoms tend to stick to non-trivial positions or where, on a regular crystal lattice, conflicting inter-atomic forces (each one favoring rather simple, but different structures) lead to quite complex str...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie-No%C3%ABlle%20Lienemann
Marie-Noëlle Lienemann (born 12 July 1951, in Belfort) is a French politician who served as Member of the European Parliament for the North West of France. Until 2018, she was a member of the Socialist Party, part of the Party of European Socialists. Early life and education Lienemann studied chemistry at the École No...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montel%27s%20theorem
In complex analysis, an area of mathematics, Montel's theorem refers to one of two theorems about families of holomorphic functions. These are named after French mathematician Paul Montel, and give conditions under which a family of holomorphic functions is normal. Locally uniformly bounded families are normal The fi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavefront
In physics, the wavefront of a time-varying wave field is the set (locus) of all points having the same phase. The term is generally meaningful only for fields that, at each point, vary sinusoidally in time with a single temporal frequency (otherwise the phase is not well defined). Wavefronts usually move with time. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinisation
Carcinisation (American English: carcinization) is a form of convergent evolution in which non-crab crustaceans evolve a crab-like body plan. The term was introduced into evolutionary biology by L. A. Borradaile, who described it as "the many attempts of Nature to evolve a crab". Definition of carcinised morphology I...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrabutylammonium%20hydroxide
Tetrabutylammonium hydroxide is the chemical compound with the formula (C4H9)4NOH, abbreviated Bu4NOH with the acronym TBAOH or TBAH. This species is employed as a solution in water or alcohols. It is a common base in organic chemistry. Relative to more conventional inorganic bases, such as KOH and NaOH, Bu4NOH is more...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical%20ionization
Chemical ionization (CI) is a soft ionization technique used in mass spectrometry. This was first introduced by Burnaby Munson and Frank H. Field in 1966. This technique is a branch of gaseous ion-molecule chemistry. Reagent gas molecules (often methane or ammonia) are ionized by electron ionization to form reagent ion...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph%20Cicerone
Ralph John Cicerone (May 2, 1943 – November 5, 2016) was an American atmospheric scientist and administrator. From 1998 to 2005, he was the chancellor of the University of California, Irvine. From 2005 to 2016, he was the president of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS). He was a "renowned authority" on climate chan...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical%20Reviews
Mathematical Reviews is a journal published by the American Mathematical Society (AMS) that contains brief synopses, and in some cases evaluations, of many articles in mathematics, statistics, and theoretical computer science. The AMS also publishes an associated online bibliographic database called MathSciNet which co...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WGP
WGP may refer to: White gold plating: White gold (when plated onto another metal) Colloquially, rhodium plating of gold Wales Green Party, UK political party WGP Kickboxing, a Brazilian kickboxing promotion Workshop on Generic Programming, computer science conference Umbu Mehang Kunda Airport, Indonesia (IATA ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyphonic%20HMI
Polyphonic HMI is a music analysis company jointly founded in Barcelona, Spain by Mike McCready and an artificial intelligence firm called Grupo AIA. Its principal product is called "Hit Song Science" (HSS) which uses various statistical and signal processing techniques to help record companies predict whether a partic...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanie%20Wood
Melanie Matchett Wood (born 1981) is an American mathematician at Harvard University who was the first woman to qualify for the U.S. International Mathematical Olympiad Team. She completed her PhD in 2009 at Princeton University (under Manjul Bhargava) and is currently Professor of Mathematics at Harvard University, af...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poincar%C3%A9%20metric
In mathematics, the Poincaré metric, named after Henri Poincaré, is the metric tensor describing a two-dimensional surface of constant negative curvature. It is the natural metric commonly used in a variety of calculations in hyperbolic geometry or Riemann surfaces. There are three equivalent representations commonly ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarz%E2%80%93Ahlfors%E2%80%93Pick%20theorem
In mathematics, the Schwarz–Ahlfors–Pick theorem is an extension of the Schwarz lemma for hyperbolic geometry, such as the Poincaré half-plane model. The Schwarz–Pick lemma states that every holomorphic function from the unit disk U to itself, or from the upper half-plane H to itself, will not increase the Poincaré di...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No-communication%20theorem
In physics, the no-communication theorem or no-signaling principle is a no-go theorem from quantum information theory which states that, during measurement of an entangled quantum state, it is not possible for one observer, by making a measurement of a subsystem of the total state, to communicate information to another...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMS%20College%20Kottayam
The CMS College (CMS College Kottayam) is the first Western-style college in India. Overview The college now has 17 Undergraduate and 18 postgraduate departments. There are six research centres in the college. Research work leading to the degree of Doctor of Philosophy is conducted in the departments of Botany, Zoolo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyponastic%20response
In plant biology, the hyponastic response is a nastic movement characterized by an upward bending of leaves or other plant parts, resulting from accelerated growth of the lower side of the petiole in comparison to its upper part. This can be observed in many terrestrial plants and is linked to the plant hormone ethylen...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homodyne%20detection
In electrical engineering, homodyne detection is a method of extracting information encoded as modulation of the phase and/or frequency of an oscillating signal, by comparing that signal with a standard oscillation that would be identical to the signal if it carried null information. "Homodyne" signifies a single freq...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibor%20Rad%C3%B3
Tibor Radó (June 2, 1895 – December 29, 1965) was a Hungarian mathematician who moved to the United States after World War I. Biography Radó was born in Budapest and between 1913 and 1915 attended the Polytechnic Institute, studying civil engineering. In World War I, he became a First Lieutenant in the Hungarian Army...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MP4%20%28disambiguation%29
MP4 is MPEG-4 Part 14, a file format. MP4 may also refer to: Møller–Plesset perturbation theory of the fourth order in computational chemistry Mario Party 4, a 2002 video game for GameCube Metroid Prime 4, an upcoming video game for Nintendo Switch MP4 (band), a band made up of UK Members of Parliament Mammal Pa...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ji%C5%99%C3%AD%20Grygar
Jiří Grygar (; born March 17, 1936, in Heinersdorf, Germany, now Dziewiętlice, Poland) is a Czech astronomer, popularizer of science and Kalinga Prize (1996) laureate. Career After studying physics at the Masaryk University in Brno and astronomy at the Charles University in Prague he joined the Astronomical Institute...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flavin%20adenine%20dinucleotide
In biochemistry, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is a redox-active coenzyme associated with various proteins, which is involved with several enzymatic reactions in metabolism. A flavoprotein is a protein that contains a flavin group, which may be in the form of FAD or flavin mononucleotide (FMN). Many flavoproteins a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DDF
DDF may refer to: Biology and medicine Digestive Disorders Foundation, a British medical research charity (N,N-dimethyl-amino)-benzenediazonium-fluoroborate, a photoaffinity probe that competes with acetylcholine for receptor binding Sulfoxone, an anti-leprosy drug sold under “DDF” brand Technology Digital distri...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MCCC
MCCC may refer to: Education Mercer County Community College, New Jersey, United States Monroe County Community College, Michigan, United States Montgomery County Community College, Pennsylvania, United States Mount Carmel Catholic College, Varroville, New South Wales, Australia Biology and medicine Marie Curie ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/16S
16S or 16s may refer to: Ribosomal RNAs, in biology: prokaryotic 16S ribosomal RNA mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA Myrtle Creek Municipal Airport's FAA identifier Fujitsu Micro 16s, a 1983 Business personal computer Sulfur (16S), a chemical element See also S16 (disambiguation)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primosome
In molecular biology, a primosome is a protein complex responsible for creating RNA primers on single stranded DNA during DNA replication. The primosome consists of seven proteins: DnaG primase, DnaB helicase, DnaC helicase assistant, DnaT, PriA, Pri B, and PriC. At each replication fork, the primosome is utilized on...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random%20permutation
A random permutation is a random ordering of a set of objects, that is, a permutation-valued random variable. The use of random permutations is often fundamental to fields that use randomized algorithms such as coding theory, cryptography, and simulation. A good example of a random permutation is the shuffling of a d...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pappus%27s%20hexagon%20theorem
In mathematics, Pappus's hexagon theorem (attributed to Pappus of Alexandria) states that given one set of collinear points and another set of collinear points then the intersection points of line pairs and and and are collinear, lying on the Pappus line. These three points are the points of intersection of the...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biocomplexity%20Institute%20of%20Virginia%20Tech
The Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech (formerly the Virginia Bioinformatics Institute) is a research organization specializing in bioinformatics, computational biology, and systems biology. The institute has more than 250 personnel, including over 50 tenured and research faculty. Research at the institute involv...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erik%20Tengstr%C3%B6m
Erik Tengström (1913–1996), Swedish astronomer and geodesist. Tengström was born in Motala, Sweden, and was a descendant of the first archbishop of Åbo Jacob Tengström. He enrolled in Stockholm University in 1932, where he studied astronomy, physics and geology. After teaching at the Royal Institute of Technology in S...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural%20Science%20and%20Technical%20Academy%20Isny
The Natural Science and Technical Academy Isny (German: Naturwissenschaftlich-Technische Akademie Isny, NTA or NTA Isny) is a privately run, state-approved German university focusing in applied sciences, located in Isny im Allgäu. Since its founding in 1945, it has had a steadily expanding scope, including food chemis...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympia%20Academy
The Olympia Academy (German: Akademie Olympia) was a group of friends in Bern, Switzerland, who met – usually at Albert Einstein's apartment – to discuss philosophy and physics. Overview The group was founded in 1902 by Einstein, Conrad Habicht, and Maurice Solovine, and played a significant role in Einstein's intelle...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken%20Keeler
Ken Keeler is an American television producer and writer. He has written for numerous television series, most notably The Simpsons and Futurama. According to an interview with David X. Cohen, he proved a theorem that appears in the Futurama episode "The Prisoner of Benda". Education and early career Keeler studied app...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DeCODE%20genetics
deCODE genetics () is a biopharmaceutical company based in Reykjavík, Iceland. The company was founded in 1996 by Kári Stefánsson with the aim of using population genetics studies to identify variations in the human genome associated with common diseases, and to apply these discoveries "to develop novel methods to iden...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warwick%20Estevam%20Kerr
Warwick Estevam Kerr (9 September 1922 – 15 September 2018) was a Brazilian agricultural engineer, geneticist, entomologist, professor and scientific leader, notable for his discoveries in the genetics and sex determination of bees. The Africanized bee in the western hemisphere is directly descended from 26 Tanzanian q...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sal%20Restivo
Sal Restivo (born 1940) is a sociologist/anthropologist. Work Restivo is a leading contributor to science studies and in particular to the sociology of mathematics. His current work focuses on the sociology of mind and brain, and the sociology of god and religion. He has also done work in the sociology of social and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramsauer%E2%80%93Townsend%20effect
The Ramsauer–Townsend effect, also sometimes called the Ramsauer effect or the Townsend effect, is a physical phenomenon involving the scattering of low-energy electrons by atoms of a noble gas. This effect is a result of quantum mechanics. The effect is named for Carl Ramsauer and John Sealy Townsend, who each indepen...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinji%20Imanishi
was a Japanese ecologist and anthropologist. He was the founder of Kyoto University's Primate Research Institute and, together with Junichiro Itani, is considered one of the founders of Japanese primatology. Early life and education Kinji Imanishi was born and raised in Kyoto, Japan. He majored in biology and was aw...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20S.%20Toll
John Sampson Toll (October 25, 1923 – July 15, 2011) was an American physicist and educational administrator. Education Toll received his bachelor's degree in physics from Yale University in 1944, after which he served in the U.S. Navy in World War II. He finished his Ph.D. in physics at Princeton in 1952. Career He...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20C.%20Garland
James C. Garland is a physicist, author and professor, and formerly the 20th president of Miami University in Oxford, Ohio. Garland was educated at Princeton University (BA) and Cornell Univ. (PhD), in the field of condensed matter physics, and was an N.S.F Postdoctoral Fellow at the :University of Cambridge. He has w...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolf%20V.%20Vishniac
Wolf Vladimir Vishniac (April 22, 1922 – December 10, 1973) was an American microbiologist. He was the son of photographer Roman Vishniac and the father of astronomer Ethan Vishniac. Educated at Brooklyn College and Stanford University, he was a professor of biology at the University of Rochester. He died on a research...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasthi%20Brata
Sasthibrata Chakravarti (1939–2015), known as Sasthi Brata, was a British-Indian Indo-Anglian writer of fiction. He is best known for his best selling novel Confessions of an Indian Woman Eater. Early life and education Sasthibrata was educated at Calcutta Boys' School, Kolkata and then at Presidency College, Kolkat...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education%20in%20South%20Korea
Education in South Korea is provided by both public schools and private schools. Both types of schools receive funding from the government, although the amount that the private schools receive is less than the amount of the state schools. South Korea is one of the top-performing OECD countries in reading, literacy, ma...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listed
Listed may refer to: Listed, Bornholm, a fishing village on the Danish island of Bornholm Listed (MMM program), a television show on MuchMoreMusic Endangered species in biology Listed building, in architecture, designation of a historically significant structure Listed company, see listing (finance), a public com...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximal%20compact%20subgroup
In mathematics, a maximal compact subgroup K of a topological group G is a subgroup K that is a compact space, in the subspace topology, and maximal amongst such subgroups. Maximal compact subgroups play an important role in the classification of Lie groups and especially semi-simple Lie groups. Maximal compact subgro...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conformable%20matrix
In mathematics, a matrix is conformable if its dimensions are suitable for defining some operation (e.g. addition, multiplication, etc.). Examples If two matrices have the same dimensions (number of rows and number of columns), they are conformable for addition. Multiplication of two matrices is defined if and only ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedestal
A pedestal (from French piédestal, Italian piedistallo 'foot of a stall') or plinth is a support at the bottom of a statue, vase, column, or certain altars. Smaller pedestals, especially if round in shape, may be called socles. In civil engineering, it is also called basement. The minimum height of the plinth is usual...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlen%20syndrome
Irlen syndrome, also referred to as scotopic sensitivity syndrome (SSS), visual stress, or Meares–Irlen syndrome, is a light-based visual processing disorder. Many mainstream professionals are skeptical of the concept; however, current neuroscience research has successfully documented differences in brain function amon...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverberatory%20furnace
A reverberatory furnace is a metallurgical or process furnace that isolates the material being processed from contact with the fuel, but not from contact with combustion gases. The term reverberation is used here in a generic sense of rebounding or reflecting, not in the acoustic sense of echoing. Operation Chemistr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artur%20Ekert
Artur Konrad Ekert (born 19 September 1961) is a British-Polish professor of quantum physics at the Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, professorial fellow in quantum physics and cryptography at Merton College, Oxford, Lee Kong Chian Centennial Professor at the National University of Singapore and the foundi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit%20in%20the%20last%20place
In computer science and numerical analysis, unit in the last place or unit of least precision (ulp) is the spacing between two consecutive floating-point numbers, i.e., the value the least significant digit (rightmost digit) represents if it is 1. It is used as a measure of accuracy in numeric calculations. Definition...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picotechnology
The term picotechnology is a portmanteau of picometre and technology, intended to parallel the term nanotechnology. It is a hypothetical future level of technological manipulation of matter, on the scale of trillionths of a metre or picoscale (10−12). This is three orders of magnitude smaller than a nanometre (and thus...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femtotechnology
Femtotechnology is a hypothetical term used in reference to structuring of matter on the scale of a femtometer, which is 10−15 m. This is a smaller scale in comparison with nanotechnology and picotechnology which refer to 10−9 m and 10−12 m respectively. Theory Work in the femtometer range involves manipulation of exc...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finitely%20generated
In mathematics, finitely generated may refer to: Finitely generated object Finitely generated group Finitely generated monoid Finitely generated abelian group Finitely generated module Finitely generated ideal Finitely generated algebra Finitely generated space de:Endlich erzeugt
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mellin%20inversion%20theorem
In mathematics, the Mellin inversion formula (named after Hjalmar Mellin) tells us conditions under which the inverse Mellin transform, or equivalently the inverse two-sided Laplace transform, are defined and recover the transformed function. Method If is analytic in the strip , and if it tends to zero uniformly as...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardy%27s%20theorem
In mathematics, Hardy's theorem is a result in complex analysis describing the behavior of holomorphic functions. Let be a holomorphic function on the open ball centered at zero and radius in the complex plane, and assume that is not a constant function. If one defines for then this function is strictly inc...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20enzymes
Enzymes are listed here by their classification in the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology's Enzyme Commission (EC) numbering system: :Category:Oxidoreductases (EC 1) (Oxidoreductase) Dehydrogenase Luciferase DMSO reductase :Category:EC 1.1 (act on the CH-OH group of donors) :Category:EC 1.1.1 (...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donna%20Cheatham
Donna Cheatham is a high school basketball coach. She has the most wins of any coach in Indiana girls’ high school basketball history. She graduated from Georgetown College in 1967 where she was a three-sport athlete, participating in basketball, volleyball and softball. After graduating with a biology degree, Cheatha...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black%20Pearl%20%28disambiguation%29
Black Pearl or Black Pearls may refer to: Biology Tahitian Pearls, "Black Pearls" an organic gem formed from the black lip oyster Films Black Pearls (film), a 1919 German silent film The Black Pearl, a 1928 American silent film starring Thomas A. Curran Black Pearl (1934 film), a Polish romantic crime drama Th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadamard%20three-circle%20theorem
In complex analysis, a branch of mathematics, the Hadamard three-circle theorem is a result about the behavior of holomorphic functions. Let be a holomorphic function on the annulus Let be the maximum of on the circle Then, is a convex function of the logarithm Moreover, if is not of the form for some constan...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projection-slice%20theorem
In mathematics, the projection-slice theorem, central slice theorem or Fourier slice theorem in two dimensions states that the results of the following two calculations are equal: Take a two-dimensional function f(r), project (e.g. using the Radon transform) it onto a (one-dimensional) line, and do a Fourier transform...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abel%20transform
In mathematics, the Abel transform, named for Niels Henrik Abel, is an integral transform often used in the analysis of spherically symmetric or axially symmetric functions. The Abel transform of a function f(r) is given by Assuming that f(r) drops to zero more quickly than 1/r, the inverse Abel transform is given ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal%20momentum
In solid-state physics crystal momentum or quasimomentum is a momentum-like vector associated with electrons in a crystal lattice. It is defined by the associated wave vectors of this lattice, according to (where is the reduced Planck's constant). Frequently, crystal momentum is conserved like mechanical momentum, m...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-sided%20Laplace%20transform
In mathematics, the two-sided Laplace transform or bilateral Laplace transform is an integral transform equivalent to probability's moment generating function. Two-sided Laplace transforms are closely related to the Fourier transform, the Mellin transform, the Z-transform and the ordinary or one-sided Laplace transfor...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local%20boundedness
In mathematics, a function is locally bounded if it is bounded around every point. A family of functions is locally bounded if for any point in their domain all the functions are bounded around that point and by the same number. Locally bounded function A real-valued or complex-valued function defined on some topolo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20mathematics
Greek mathematics refers to mathematics texts and ideas stemming from the Archaic through the Hellenistic and Roman periods, mostly from the late 7th century BC to the 6th century AD, around the shores of the Mediterranean. Greek mathematicians lived in cities spread over the entire region, from Anatolia to Italy and N...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logarithmically%20convex%20function
In mathematics, a function f is logarithmically convex or superconvex if , the composition of the logarithm with f, is itself a convex function. Definition Let be a convex subset of a real vector space, and let be a function taking non-negative values. Then is: Logarithmically convex if is convex, and Strictly ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donato%20Acciaioli
Donato Acciaioli (15 March 142828 August 1478) was an Italian scholar and statesman. He was known for his learning, especially in Greek and mathematics, and for his services to his native state, the Republic of Florence. Biography He was born in Florence, Italy. He was educated under the patronage or guidance of Jacop...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chebyshev%20distance
In mathematics, Chebyshev distance (or Tchebychev distance), maximum metric, or L∞ metric is a metric defined on a vector space where the distance between two vectors is the greatest of their differences along any coordinate dimension. It is named after Pafnuty Chebyshev. It is also known as chessboard distance, since...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbo-mer
In organic chemistry, a carbo-mer (often carbo-mer or carbomer) is an expanded molecule obtained by insertion of C2 units into a given molecule. Carbo-mers differ from their templates in size but not in symmetry when each C–C single bond is replaced by an alkyne bond C-C≡C-C, each C=C double bond is replaced by an alle...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler%27s%20three-body%20problem
In physics and astronomy, Euler's three-body problem is to solve for the motion of a particle that is acted upon by the gravitational field of two other point masses that are fixed in space. This problem is exactly solvable, and yields an approximate solution for particles moving in the gravitational fields of prolate ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nascent%20hydrogen
Nascent hydrogen is an outdated concept in organic chemistry that was once invoked to explain dissolving-metal reactions, such as the Clemmensen reduction and the Bouveault–Blanc reduction. Since organic compounds do not react with H2, a special state of hydrogen was postulated. It is now understood that dissolving-met...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard%E2%80%93Smithsonian%20Center%20for%20Astrophysics
The Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian (CfA), previously known as the Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, is an astrophysics research institute jointly operated by the Harvard College Observatory and Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. Founded in 1973 and headquartered in Cambridge, Massachuset...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech%20Jastrz%C4%99bowski
Wojciech Jastrzębowski (; 19 April 1799 – 30 December 1882) was a Polish scientist, naturalist and inventor, professor of botany, physics, zoology and horticulture at Instytut Rolniczo-Leśny in Marymont in Warsaw, and insurgent of the November Uprising. He was one of the fathers of ergonomics. Biography Jastrzębowski ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline%20of%20electrical%20engineering
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to electrical engineering. Electrical engineering – field of engineering that generally deals with the study and application of electricity, electronics and electromagnetism. The field first became an identifiable occupation in the late nineteenth c...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physics%20World
Physics World is the membership magazine of the Institute of Physics, one of the largest physical societies in the world. It is an international monthly magazine covering all areas of physics, pure and applied, and is aimed at physicists in research, industry, physics outreach, and education worldwide. Overview The ma...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Heliophysical%20Year
The International Heliophysical Year is a UN-sponsored scientifically driven international program of scientific collaboration to understand external drivers of planetary environments and universal processes in solar-terrestrial-planetary-heliospheric physics. The IHY will focus on advancements in all aspects of the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne%20Simon
Anne Simon is an American biology professor, scientist, and a science advisor on the American television series The X-Files, both the original series for all nine seasons and the 2016 miniseries. The first episode of the original series that she provided science consultation on was the first-season finale "The Erlenmey...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MSMS
MSMS may refer to: Master of Science in Medical Sciences Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) Michigan State Medical Society Miami Springs Middle School Mississippi School for Mathematics and Science Master of Science in Management Studies Making Science Make Sense, an outreach program from Bayer Corporation MSMs,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darcy%20%28unit%29
The darcy (or darcy unit) and millidarcy (md or mD) are units of permeability, named after Henry Darcy. They are not SI units, but they are widely used in petroleum engineering and geology. The unit has also been used in biophysics and biomechanics, where the flow of fluids such as blood through capillary beds and cere...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MULTI-S01
In cryptography, MULTI-S01 (pronounced multi-ess-zero-one), is an encryption algorithm based on a pseudorandom number generator (PRNG). MULTI-S01 is an encryption scheme preserving both confidentiality and data integrity. The scheme defines a pair of algorithms; the encryption, the corresponding decryption with verific...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MUGI
In cryptography, MUGI is a pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) designed for use as a stream cipher. It was among the cryptographic techniques recommended for Japanese government use by CRYPTREC in 2003, however, has been dropped to "candidate" by CRYPTREC revision in 2013. MUGI takes a 128-bit secret key and a 128-b...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variational
Variational may refer to: Calculus of variations, a field of mathematical analysis that deals with maximizing or minimizing functionals Variational method (quantum mechanics), a way of finding approximations to the lowest energy eigenstate or ground state in quantum physics Variational Bayesian methods, a family of te...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalar%20projection
In mathematics, the scalar projection of a vector on (or onto) a vector also known as the scalar resolute of in the direction of is given by: where the operator denotes a dot product, is the unit vector in the direction of is the length of and is the angle between and . The term scalar component refers som...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris%20Nikolsky
Boris Petrovich Nikolsky (; – 4 January 1990), , was a Soviet chemist who played a crucial role in the former Soviet program of nuclear weapons. Besides his work on the plutonium chemistry, Nikolsky did a pioneering work in ion exchanges applications in radiochemistry and physical chemistry, and was a professor of ch...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georg%20Hamel
Georg Karl Wilhelm Hamel (12 September 1877 – 4 October 1954) was a German mathematician with interests in mechanics, the foundations of mathematics and function theory. Biography Hamel was born in Düren, Rhenish Prussia. He studied at Aachen, Berlin, Göttingen, and Karlsruhe. His doctoral adviser was David Hilbert. H...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20A.%20Evans
David A. Evans (January 11, 1941 – April 29, 2022) was an American chemist who was the Abbott and James Lawrence professor of chemistry at Harvard University. He was a prominent figure in the field of organic chemistry and his research focused on synthetic chemistry and total synthesis, particularly of large biologica...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPT
GPT may refer to: Computing Generative pre-trained transformer, a type of artificial intelligence language model ChatGPT, a chatbot developed by OpenAI, based on generative pre-trained transformer technology GUID Partition Table, a disk partitioning standard Biology Alanine transaminase or glutamate pyruvate tran...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick%20W.%20True
Frederick William True (July 8, 1858 – June 25, 1914) was an American biologist, the first head curator of biology (1897–1911) at the United States National Museum, now part of the Smithsonian Institution. Biography He was born in Middletown, Connecticut in 1858. He received a B.S. from the University of New York in 1...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witt%20algebra
In mathematics, the complex Witt algebra, named after Ernst Witt, is the Lie algebra of meromorphic vector fields defined on the Riemann sphere that are holomorphic except at two fixed points. It is also the complexification of the Lie algebra of polynomial vector fields on a circle, and the Lie algebra of derivation...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farkhonda%20Hassan
Farkhonda Hassan () (1930 - 30 October 2020) was a professor of Geology at the American University in Cairo and was chair of the Commission on Human Development and Local Administration of the Shura Council. Education Hassan had a BSc in Chemistry and Geology from Cairo University, an MSc in Solid State Science from t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BS%208110
BS 8110 is a withdrawn British Standard for the design and construction of reinforced and prestressed concrete structures. It is based on limit state design principles. Although used for most civil engineering and building structures, bridges and water-retaining structures are covered by separate standards (BS 5400 and...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biotheology
Biotheology is the synthetic application of understanding of biology to the understanding of God, synthesizing modern biology and traditional religious doctrines. Scripturally, Biotheology is motivated by, amongst other things, Saint Paul's exposition of the Church as the Body of Christ, likening its form and function...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan%20Sarfati
Jonathan David Sarfati (born 1 October 1964) is a young Earth creationist who writes articles for Creation Ministries International (CMI), a non-profit Christian apologetics ministry. Sarfati has a PhD in chemistry, and was New Zealand national chess champion in 1987 and 1988. Background Born in Ararat, Victoria, Sarf...