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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scar%20%28disambiguation%29
A scar is a mark left behind after a wound has healed. Scar(s) may also refer to: Places Scar, Orkney, a village on the island of Sanday, Orkney, Scotland, site of the Scar boat burial Scar Ridge, a summit in the White Mountains of New Hampshire, US Science Scar (physics), a fingerprint of quantum chaos Meander ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load-link/store-conditional
In computer science, load-linked/store-conditional (LL/SC), sometimes known as load-reserved/store-conditional (LR/SC), are a pair of instructions used in multithreading to achieve synchronization. Load-link returns the current value of a memory location, while a subsequent store-conditional to the same memory location...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black%20liquor
In industrial chemistry, black liquor is the by-product from the kraft process when digesting pulpwood into paper pulp removing lignin, hemicelluloses and other extractives from the wood to free the cellulose fibers. The equivalent material in the sulfite process is usually called brown liquor, but the terms red liquo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HERA-B
The HERA-B detector was a particle physics experiment at the HERA accelerator at the German national laboratory DESY that collected data from 1993 to 2003. It measured 8 m × 20 m × 9 m and weighed 1000 tons. The HERA-B collaboration consisted of some 250 scientists from 32 institutes in 13 countries. Its primary aim w...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann%20Georg%20Christian%20Lehmann
Johann Georg Christian Lehmann (25 February 1792 – 12 February 1860) was a German botanist. Born at Haselau, near Uetersen, Holstein, Lehmann studied medicine in Copenhagen and Göttingen, obtained a doctorate in medicine in 1813 and a doctorate in philosophy from the University of Jena in 1814. He spent the rest of hi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Internet%20Pilot%20to%20Physics
TIPTOP (fully known as The Internet Pilot to Physics) was a web site operated in collaboration between Kenneth Bodin-Holmlund at Umeå University, Mikko Karttunen at McGill University and Guenther Nowotny at the Technical University of Vienna during 1994–1998, and it was originally derived from Physics Around the World ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insert
Insert may refer to: Insert (advertising) Insert (composites) Insert (effects processing) Insert (filmmaking) Insert key on a computer keyboard, used to switch between insert mode and overtype mode Insert (molecular biology) Insert (SQL) Fireplace insert Package insert Threaded insert Another name for a tipped tool, a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated%20reasoning
In computer science, in particular in knowledge representation and reasoning and metalogic, the area of automated reasoning is dedicated to understanding different aspects of reasoning. The study of automated reasoning helps produce computer programs that allow computers to reason completely, or nearly completely, auto...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imaginary%20time
Imaginary time is a mathematical representation of time which appears in some approaches to special relativity and quantum mechanics. It finds uses in connecting quantum mechanics with statistical mechanics and in certain cosmological theories. Mathematically, imaginary time is real time which has undergone a Wick rot...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter%20Trump
Walter Trump (born 1952 or 1953 ) is a German mathematician and retired high school teacher. He is known for his work in recreational mathematics. He has made contributions working on both the square packing problem and the magic tile problem. In 1979 he discovered the optimal known packing of 11 equal squares in a la...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/159%20%28number%29
159 (one hundred [and] fifty-nine) is a natural number following 158 and preceding 160. In mathematics 159 is: the sum of 3 consecutive prime numbers: 47 + 53 + 59. a Woodall number. equal to the sum of the squares of the digits of its own square in base 15. Only 5 numbers (greater than 1) have this property in base ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/195%20%28number%29
195 (one hundred [and] ninety-five) is the natural number following 194 and preceding 196. In mathematics 195 is: the sum of eleven consecutive primes: 3 + 5 + 7 + 11 + 13 + 17 + 19 + 23 + 29 + 31 + 37 the smallest number expressed as a sum of distinct squares in 16 different ways a centered tetrahedral number in...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-transfer%20catalyst
In chemistry, a phase-transfer catalyst or PTC is a catalyst that facilitates the transition of a reactant from one phase into another phase where reaction occurs. Phase-transfer catalysis is a special form of catalysis and can act through homogeneous catalysis or heterogeneous catalysis methods depending on the cataly...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weak%20ontology
In computer science, a weak ontology is an ontology that is not sufficiently rigorous to allow software to infer new facts without intervention by humans (the end users of the software system). By this standard – which evolved as artificial intelligence methods became more sophisticated, and computers were used to mod...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Lindley%20Murray
Robert Lindley Murray (November 2, 1892 – January 17, 1970) was an American chemist and tennis player. Early life Robert Lindley Murray was born in San Francisco, California to Augustus Taber Murray and Nellie Howland Gifford. He graduated from Stanford University in 1913 with a degree in chemistry and received a che...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.%20Dieter%20Zeh
Heinz-Dieter Zeh (; 8 May 1932 – 15 April 2018), usually referred to as H. Dieter Zeh, was a professor (later professor emeritus) of the University of Heidelberg and theoretical physicist. Education and career Zeh was born in Braunschweig and studied physics at the Technical University of Braunschweig and nuclear phys...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellicott%27s%20Stone
Ellicott's Stone, also known as the Ellicott Stone, is a boundary marker in northern Mobile County, Alabama. It was placed on April 10, 1799, by a joint U.S.-Spanish survey party headed by Andrew Ellicott. It was designated by the American Society of Civil Engineers as a Historic Civil Engineering Landmark in 1968 and...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foster-Miller%20TALON
The Foster-Miller TALON is a remotely operated vehicle, and it is a small, tracked military robot designed for missions ranging from reconnaissance to combat. It is made by the American robotics company QinetiQ-NA, a subsidiary of QinetiQ. Overview Foster-Miller claims the TALON is one of the fastest robots in product...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Criswell
David R. Criswell (July 17, 1941 – September 10, 2019) was the Director of the Institute for Space Systems Operations at the University of Houston. ISSO is the operational agent for the Houston Partnership for Space Exploration. Criswell received a Bachelor of Science degree in 1963 (graduating cum laude) and a Maste...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theta%20%28disambiguation%29
Theta is the eighth Greek letter, written Θ (uppercase) or θ (lowercase). Theta may also refer to: Science and mathematics Θ (set theory), the least ordinal α such that there is no surjection from the reals onto α Theta (gastropod), a genus of sea snails Theta functions, special functions of several complex variab...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keiiti%20Aki
was a Japanese-American professor of Geophysics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and then at the University of Southern California (USC), seismologist, author and mentor. He and Paul G. Richards coauthored "Quantitative Seismology: theory and methods". Biography Aki was born in Yokohama, Japan. He...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sub%20Pop%20200
Sub Pop 200 is a compilation released in the early days of the Seattle grunge scene (December 1988). It features songs (many of them first releases and otherwise unattainable) from Tad, The Fluid, Nirvana, Steven "Jesse" Bernstein, Mudhoney, The Walkabouts, Terry Lee Hale, Soundgarden, Green River, Fastbacks, Blood Cir...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanotransduction
In cellular biology, mechanotransduction (mechano + transduction) is any of various mechanisms by which cells convert mechanical stimulus into electrochemical activity. This form of sensory transduction is responsible for a number of senses and physiological processes in the body, including proprioception, touch, balan...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joshua%20Silver
Joshua D. Silver is a British physicist whose discoveries have included a new way to change the curvature of lenses, with a significant application for the low-cost manufacture of corrective lenses and adjustable spectacles, especially in low-income countries. Silver began his academic career in the Department of Atom...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hirzebruch%E2%80%93Riemann%E2%80%93Roch%20theorem
In mathematics, the Hirzebruch–Riemann–Roch theorem, named after Friedrich Hirzebruch, Bernhard Riemann, and Gustav Roch, is Hirzebruch's 1954 result generalizing the classical Riemann–Roch theorem on Riemann surfaces to all complex algebraic varieties of higher dimensions. The result paved the way for the Grothendieck...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instantiation%20principle
The instantiation principle or principle of instantiation or principle of exemplification is the concept in metaphysics and logic (first put forward by David Malet Armstrong) that there can be no uninstantiated or unexemplified properties (or universals). In other words, it is impossible for a property to exist which i...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Solar-Terrestrial%20Physics%20Science%20Initiative
The International Solar-Terrestrial Physics Science Initiative (or ISTP for short) is an international research collaboration between NASA, the ESA, and ISAS. Its goal is to study physical phenomena related to the Sun, solar wind and its effects on Earth. See also List of heliophysics missions References External l...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20%28signal%20processing%29
In signal processing, the energy of a continuous-time signal x(t) is defined as the area under the squared magnitude of the considered signal i.e., mathematically Unit of will be (unit of signal)2. And the energy of a discrete-time signal x(n) is defined mathematically as Relationship to energy in physics Energ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model%20category
In mathematics, particularly in homotopy theory, a model category is a category with distinguished classes of morphisms ('arrows') called 'weak equivalences', 'fibrations' and 'cofibrations' satisfying certain axioms relating them. These abstract from the category of topological spaces or of chain complexes (derived ca...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20child%20prodigies
In psychology research literature, the term child prodigy is defined as a person under the age of ten who produces meaningful output in some domain to the level of an adult expert professional. Mathematics and science Mathematics Blaise Pascal (1623–1662) was a French mathematician, physicist, and religious philosop...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20C.%20Whitmore
Frank Clifford Whitmore (October 1, 1887 – June 24, 1947), nicknamed "Rocky", was a prominent chemist who submitted significant evidence for the existence of carbocation mechanisms in organic chemistry. He was born in 1887 in the town of North Attleborough, Massachusetts. Academic career Whitmore earned both his bac...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMR
BMR may refer to: Organisations and businesses BMR Group, a Canadian chain of hardware stores Big Machine Records, an American independent record label specializing in country music artists British Music Rights, a subsidiary of UK Music Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics, an earlier name for Geoscien...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluent%20%28disambiguation%29
Fluent is an adjective related to fluency, the ability to communicate in a language quickly and accurately. Fluent or fluency may also refer to: Fluent (mathematics), in mathematics, a continuous function Fluent (artificial intelligence), in artificial intelligence, a condition that varies over time Fluent, Inc., a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Follett
Sir David Henry Follett (5 September 1907 – 11 May 1982) was an English curator who was Director of the Science Museum, London from 1960 to 1973. Follett was born in Kingston, Surrey, and attended Rutlish Grammar School (1919–26). He then studied physics in the Clarendon Laboratory at Oxford University as a student ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planck%20postulate
The Planck postulate (or Planck's postulate), one of the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics, is the postulate that the energy of oscillators in a black body is quantized, and is given by , where is an integer (1, 2, 3, ...), is Planck's constant, and (the Greek letter nu, not the Latin letter v) is the freq...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl%20Pollock
Carl Arthur Pollock, OC (1903 – August 16, 1978) was a Canadian businessman. Born in Kitchener, Ontario, graduated from the University of Toronto in electrical engineering. A scholarship from the Massey Foundation financed two years at Oxford University, England. At university he showed exceptional talent in track and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quickselect
In computer science, quickselect is a selection algorithm to find the kth smallest element in an unordered list, also known as the kth order statistic. Like the related quicksort sorting algorithm, it was developed by Tony Hoare, and thus is also known as Hoare's selection algorithm. Like quicksort, it is efficient in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central%20Avian%20Research%20Institute
The Central Avian Research Institute of India (CARI) is a research institute located at Izzatnagar near Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh state, India. It studies poultry science, including avian genetics, breeding, nutrition and feed technology, and avian physiology and reproduction, for the betterment of the Indian poultry in...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calorimeter%20%28particle%20physics%29
In experimental particle physics, a calorimeter is a type of detector that measures the energy of particles. Particles enter the calorimeter and initiate a particle shower in which their energy is deposited in the calorimeter, collected, and measured. The energy may be measured in its entirety, requiring total contai...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bingel%20reaction
The Bingel reaction in fullerene chemistry is a fullerene cyclopropanation reaction to a methanofullerene first discovered by C. Bingel in 1993 with the bromo derivative of diethyl malonate in the presence of a base such as sodium hydride or DBU. The preferred double bonds for this reaction on the fullerene surface ar...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toward%20a%20New%20Philosophy%20of%20Biology
Toward a New Philosophy of Biology: Observations of an Evolutionist (published by Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1988) is a book by Harvard evolutionary biologist Ernst Mayr. A collection of 28 essays, five previously unpublished, grouped into ten categories—Philosophy, Natural Selection, Adapt...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perspective
Perspective may refer to: Vision and mathematics Perspectivity, the formation of an image in a picture plane of a scene viewed from a fixed point, and its modeling in geometry Perspective (graphical), representing the effects of visual perspective in graphic arts Aerial perspective, the effect the atmosphere has o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20Galloway
Thomas Galloway FRS (26 February 17961 November 1851) was a 19th-century Scottish mathematician. Life He was born in Symington, South Lanarkshire, Scotland. In 1812 he entered the University of Edinburgh, where he distinguished himself in mathematics. In 1823 he was appointed one of the teachers of mathematics at the...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matplotlib
Matplotlib is a plotting library for the Python programming language and its numerical mathematics extension NumPy. It provides an object-oriented API for embedding plots into applications using general-purpose GUI toolkits like Tkinter, wxPython, Qt, or GTK. There is also a procedural "pylab" interface based on a stat...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese%20fire-bellied%20newt
The Japanese fire-bellied newt or Japanese fire-bellied salamander (Cynops pyrrhogaster) is a species of newt endemic to Japan. The skin on its upper body is dark and its lower regions bright red, although coloration varies with age, genetics, and region. Adults are long. To deter predators, Japanese fire-bellied newt...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Institute%20of%20Water%20and%20Atmospheric%20Research
The National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research or NIWA (), is a Crown Research Institute of New Zealand. Established in 1992, NIWA conducts research across a broad range of disciplines in the environmental sciences. It also maintains nationally and, in some cases, internationally important environmental monit...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CH3
CH3 may refer to: Channel 3 (band) Channel 3 (Thai television network) Methenium (methyl cation) Methyl group (in chemistry) Methyl radical (in chemistry) Church Hymnal, third edition (Hymnbooks of the Church of Scotland)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper%20set
In mathematics, an upper set (also called an upward closed set, an upset, or an isotone set in X) of a partially ordered set is a subset with the following property: if s is in S and if x in X is larger than s (that is, if ), then x is in S. In other words, this means that any x element of X that is to some element ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniell%20integral
In mathematics, the Daniell integral is a type of integration that generalizes the concept of more elementary versions such as the Riemann integral to which students are typically first introduced. One of the main difficulties with the traditional formulation of the Lebesgue integral is that it requires the initial dev...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leland%20Olds
Leland Olds (December 31, 1890 – August 5, 1960) was an American economist interested in labor, development of public electric power, and ecology. Education Olds was a son of George Olds, president of Amherst College. He studied mathematics at Amherst where he was influenced by the social work movement and the Social...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9minaire%20Nicolas%20Bourbaki
The Séminaire Nicolas Bourbaki (Bourbaki Seminar) is a series of seminars (in fact public lectures with printed notes distributed) that has been held in Paris since 1948. It is one of the major institutions of contemporary mathematics, and a barometer of mathematical achievement, fashion, and reputation. It is named a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandigital%20number
In mathematics, a pandigital number is an integer that in a given base has among its significant digits each digit used in the base at least once. For example, 1234567890 (one billion two hundred thirty four million five hundred sixty seven thousand eight hundred ninety) is a pandigital number in base 10. The first few...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20William%20Hogarth
Thomas William Hogarth (Kelso, 6 April 1901 – 26 January 1999) was a Scottish, later Australian, veterinarian, writer on dogs, dog judge, dog breeder, genetics enthusiast and veterinary surgeon. He was an author of several books published in the 1930s about the Bull Terrier and breeding of Bull Terriers. Hogarth was b...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doubly%20stochastic%20matrix
In mathematics, especially in probability and combinatorics, a doubly stochastic matrix (also called bistochastic matrix) is a square matrix of nonnegative real numbers, each of whose rows and columns sums to 1, i.e., Thus, a doubly stochastic matrix is both left stochastic and right stochastic. Indeed, any matrix ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurosh%20problem
In mathematics, the Kurosh problem is one general problem, and several more special questions, in ring theory. The general problem is known to have a negative solution, since one of the special cases has been shown to have counterexamples. These matters were brought up by Aleksandr Gennadievich Kurosh as analogues of t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20E.%20Rowe
David E. Rowe (born August 11, 1950) is an American mathematician and historian. He studied mathematics and the history of science at the University of Oklahoma, and took a second doctorate in history at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. He served as book review editor, managing editor, and editor...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclia
Encyclia is also a Greek term for the Codex Encyclius Encyclia is a genus of orchids. The genus name comes from Greek enkykleomai ("to encircle"), referring to the lateral lobes of the lip which encircle the column. It is abbreviated as E. in the horticultural trade. Biology The epiphytic genus Encyclia occurs in Fl...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20L.%20Heilbron
John Lewis Heilbron (born 17 March 1934, San Francisco) is an American historian of science best known for his work in the history of physics and the history of astronomy. He is Professor of History and Vice-Chancellor Emeritus (Vice-Chancellor 1990–1994) at the University of California, Berkeley, senior research fell...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational%20Chemistry%20List
The Computational Chemistry List (CCL) was established on January 11, 1991, as an independent electronic forum for chemistry researchers and educators from around the world. According to the forum's web site, it is estimated that more than 3000 members in more than 50 countries are reading CCL messages regularly, and t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma%20matrices
In mathematical physics, the gamma matrices, also called the Dirac matrices, are a set of conventional matrices with specific anticommutation relations that ensure they generate a matrix representation of the Clifford algebra It is also possible to define higher-dimensional gamma matrices. When interpreted as the ma...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klein%20geometry
In mathematics, a Klein geometry is a type of geometry motivated by Felix Klein in his influential Erlangen program. More specifically, it is a homogeneous space X together with a transitive action on X by a Lie group G, which acts as the symmetry group of the geometry. For background and motivation see the article on...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aziz%20Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1r%C4%B1m
Aziz Yıldırım (born 2 November 1952) was the 36th chairman of the Turkish multi-sport club Fenerbahçe SK. He lost the election held on 3 June 2018 to Ali Koç which made him the 37th president of the Turkish club. He served the club as the president from 1998 to 2018. He has a degree in civil engineering. Club's honour...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serre%27s%20modularity%20conjecture
In mathematics, Serre's modularity conjecture, introduced by , states that an odd, irreducible, two-dimensional Galois representation over a finite field arises from a modular form. A stronger version of this conjecture specifies the weight and level of the modular form. The conjecture in the level 1 case was proved by...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncation%20%28disambiguation%29
Truncation is the term used for limiting the number of digits right of the decimal point by discarding the least significant ones. Truncation may also refer to: Mathematics Truncation (statistics) refers to measurements which have been cut off at some value Truncation (numerical analysis) refers to truncating an in...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin%20Widom
Benjamin Widom (born 13 October 1927) is the Goldwin Smith Professor of Chemistry at Cornell University. His research interests include physical chemistry and statistical mechanics. In 1998, Widom was awarded the Boltzmann Medal "for his illuminating studies of the statistical mechanics of fluids and fluid mixtures an...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest-fire%20model
In applied mathematics, a forest-fire model is any of a number of dynamical systems displaying self-organized criticality. Note, however, that according to Pruessner et al. (2002, 2004) the forest-fire model does not behave critically on very large, i.e. physically relevant scales. Early versions go back to Henley (198...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olami%E2%80%93Feder%E2%80%93Christensen%20model
In physics, in the area of dynamical systems, the Olami–Feder–Christensen model is an earthquake model conjectured to be an example of self-organized criticality where local exchange dynamics are not conservative. Despite the original claims of the authors and subsequent claims of other authors such as Lise, whether or...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Reddy
George Reddy (15 January 1947 – 14 April 1972) was an Indian student leader and social activist. He was a Gold medallist (PhD) in nuclear physics at Osmania University, Hyderabad. His untimely death led to the formation of the Progressive Democratic Students Union (PDSU), a student body on the campus of the university...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew%20Granville
Andrew James Granville (born 7 September 1962) is a British mathematician, working in the field of number theory. He has been a faculty member at the Université de Montréal since 2002. Before moving to Montreal he was a mathematics professor at the University of Georgia (UGA) from 1991 until 2002. He was a section spe...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freya%20Mathews
Freya Mathews is an Australian environmental philosopher whose main work has been in the areas of ecological metaphysics and panpsychism. Her current special interests are in ecological civilization; indigenous (Australian and Chinese) perspectives on "sustainability" and how these perspectives may be adapted to the c...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational%20finance
Computational finance is a branch of applied computer science that deals with problems of practical interest in finance. Some slightly different definitions are the study of data and algorithms currently used in finance and the mathematics of computer programs that realize financial models or systems. Computational fi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational%20Intelligence%20%28journal%29
Computational Intelligence is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on artificial intelligence. It was established in 1985 and is published by Wiley-Blackwell. Since 2009, the editors-in-chief have been Ali Ghorbani and Evangelos Milios. External links Artificial intelligence publications Computer s...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xie%20Shengwu
Xie Shengwu (; born November 22, 1943) is a Chinese physicist who served as President of Shanghai Jiao Tong University from 1997 to 2006. Xie was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province. From 1960 to 1966, he studied in the department of engineering physics at SJTU, majoring in nuclear reactors. From 1966 to 1970, he was...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bumblebee%20%28disambiguation%29
A bumblebee is a flying insect of the genus Bombus. Bumblebee or bumble bee may also refer to: Biology Bumblebee orchid (Ophrys bombyliflora) Bumblebee shrimp (Caridina trifasciata) Striped bumblebee shrimp (Gnathophyllum americanum) Bumblebee bat or Kitti's hog-nosed bat Bumblebee hummingbird Bumblebee poison ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics%20of%20Sudoku
Mathematics can be used to study Sudoku puzzles to answer questions such as "How many filled Sudoku grids are there?", "What is the minimal number of clues in a valid puzzle?" and "In what ways can Sudoku grids be symmetric?" through the use of combinatorics and group theory. The analysis of Sudoku is generally divide...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topological%20K-theory
In mathematics, topological -theory is a branch of algebraic topology. It was founded to study vector bundles on topological spaces, by means of ideas now recognised as (general) K-theory that were introduced by Alexander Grothendieck. The early work on topological -theory is due to Michael Atiyah and Friedrich Hirzebr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ergodic%20sequence
In mathematics, an ergodic sequence is a certain type of integer sequence, having certain equidistribution properties. Definition Let be an infinite, strictly increasing sequence of positive integers. Then, given an integer q, this sequence is said to be ergodic mod q if, for all integers , one has where and card ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary%20Lee%20Woods
Mary Lee Berners-Lee (née Woods; 12 March 1924 – 29 November 2017) was an English mathematician and computer scientist who worked in a team that developed programs in the Department of Computer Science, University of Manchester Mark 1, Ferranti Mark 1 and Mark 1 Star computers. She was the mother of Sir Tim Berners-Lee...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tautological%20bundle
In mathematics, the tautological bundle is a vector bundle occurring over a Grassmannian in a natural tautological way: for a Grassmannian of -dimensional subspaces of , given a point in the Grassmannian corresponding to a -dimensional vector subspace , the fiber over is the subspace itself. In the case of projective...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foldamer
In chemistry, a foldamer is a discrete chain molecule (oligomer) that folds into a conformationally ordered state in solution. They are artificial molecules that mimic the ability of proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides to fold into well-defined conformations, such as α-helices and β-sheets. The structure of a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milnor%20conjecture
In mathematics, the Milnor conjecture was a proposal by of a description of the Milnor K-theory (mod 2) of a general field F with characteristic different from 2, by means of the Galois (or equivalently étale) cohomology of F with coefficients in Z/2Z. It was proved by . Statement Let F be a field of characteristic d...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milnor%20K-theory
In mathematics, Milnor K-theory is an algebraic invariant (denoted for a field ) defined by as an attempt to study higher algebraic K-theory in the special case of fields. It was hoped this would help illuminate the structure for algebraic and give some insight about its relationships with other parts of mathematics...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana%20%28programming%20language%29
In contexts of solar physics and data analysis, Ana is a computer language that is designed for array processing and image data analysis. The name is an acronym for "A Non Acronym". Ana began as a fork of an early version of IDL, but has diverged significantly since then. It is particularly notable for being the only ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piedmont%20Hills%20High%20School
Piedmont Hills High School is a comprehensive public four-year high school located in the Berryessa neighborhood of San Jose, California, US. It is part of the East Side Union High School District and in 2019 was ranked in the highest categories on the California School Dashboard, earning the top rating of "blue" for M...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed%20Martin%20Solar%20and%20Astrophysics%20Laboratory
The Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Laboratory (LMSAL) is part of the Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center (ATC) that is known primarily for its scientific work in the field of solar physics, astronomy and space weather. The LMSAL team is part of Lockheed Martin Space Systems and has close affiliations wi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collurania-Teramo%20Observatory
The Collurania Observatory, also Teramo Observatory, (, is an astronomical observatory located in Teramo, in Abruzzo region of central Italy. It was founded by Vincenzo Cerulli in 1890, who was later honoured by having it bear his name. The observatory is owned and operated by the National Institute for Astrophysics (I...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical%20Observatory%20of%20Capodimonte
The Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte () is the Neapolitan department of Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (National Institute for Astrophysics, INAF), the most important Italian institution promoting, developing and conducting scientific research in the fields of astronomy, astrophysics, and space science. The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majorana%20equation
In physics, the Majorana equation is a relativistic wave equation. It is named after the Italian physicist Ettore Majorana, who proposed it in 1937 as a means of describing fermions that are their own antiparticle. Particles corresponding to this equation are termed Majorana particles, although that term now has a more...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modra%20Observatory
The Astronomical Observatory of Modra (), also known as Modra Observatory or the Astronomical and Geophysical observatory in Modra, is an astronomical observatory located in Modra, Slovakia. It is owned and operated by the Comenius University in Bratislava. The scientific research at the observatory is led by the Depar...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental%20Biology%20%28journal%29
Developmental Biology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal. It was established in 1959 and is the official journal of the Society for Developmental Biology. It publishes research on the mechanisms of development, differentiation, and growth in animals and plants at the molecular, cellular, and genetic levels. The jour...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin%20connection
In differential geometry and mathematical physics, a spin connection is a connection on a spinor bundle. It is induced, in a canonical manner, from the affine connection. It can also be regarded as the gauge field generated by local Lorentz transformations. In some canonical formulations of general relativity, a spin...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error%20threshold%20%28evolution%29
In evolutionary biology and population genetics, the error threshold (or critical mutation rate) is a limit on the number of base pairs a self-replicating molecule may have before mutation will destroy the information in subsequent generations of the molecule. The error threshold is crucial to understanding "Eigen's p...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force%20field%20%28physics%29
In physics, a force field is a vector field corresponding with a non-contact force acting on a particle at various positions in space. Specifically, a force field is a vector field , where is the force that a particle would feel if it were at the point . Examples Gravity is the force of attraction between two objects...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force%20field%20%28chemistry%29
In the context of chemistry and molecular modelling, a force field is a computational method that is used to estimate the forces between atoms within molecules and also between molecules. More precisely, the force field refers to the functional form and parameter sets used to calculate the potential energy of a system ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuropsychopharmacology
Neuropsychopharmacology, an interdisciplinary science related to psychopharmacology (study of effects of drugs on the mind) and fundamental neuroscience, is the study of the neural mechanisms that drugs act upon to influence behavior. It entails research of mechanisms of neuropathology, pharmacodynamics (drug action), ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QNN
QNN may refer to: Quantum neural network, computational neural network models which are based on the principles of quantum mechanics Quds News Network, the leading news agency in the state of Palestine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethylene%20%28data%20page%29
This page provides supplementary chemical data on ethylene. Structure and properties Thermodynamic properties Vapor pressure of liquid Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 44th ed. Spectral data Material Safety Data Sheet The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precaut...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max%20Planck%20Institute%20for%20Nuclear%20Physics
The Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik ("MPI for Nuclear Physics" or MPIK for short) is a research institute in Heidelberg, Germany. The institute is one of the 80 institutes of the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (Max Planck Society), an independent, non-profit research organization. The Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Phys...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Myers%20%28physicist%29
Robert C. Myers is a Canadian theoretical physicist who specializes in black holes, string theory and quantum entanglement. Career Myers is Director of the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics. where he holds the BMO Financial Group Isaac Newton Chair in Theoretical Physics. He served as Perimeter Institute's F...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florentino%20P%C3%A9rez
Florentino Pérez Rodríguez (; born 8 March 1947) is a Spanish businessman, civil engineer, former politician, and the current president of football club Real Madrid, as well as Chairman and CEO of Grupo ACS, a civil engineering company. Early career Pérez attended the Polytechnic University of Madrid. Pérez joined the...