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Yvonne Adélaïde Moundélé-Ngollo (born 1944) is a Congolese politician who has served in the government of Congo-Brazzaville as Minister of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises since 2007. She was previously Director-General of Hydro-Congo from 1998 to 1999 and Minister of Trade from 2002 to 2007.
Political career
Moundélé-Ngollo was born in Brazzaville. She is a daughter of Édouard Mougany, who was a member of the National Assembly and an ally of President Fulbert Youlou. Her first husband was Ange Diawara, a military officer and early leader of the Congolese Labour Party (PCT) who was executed in 1973 for his role in the 1972 coup plot. She later married another politician, Benoît Moundélé-Ngollo, who served as a government minister, as Mayor of Brazzaville, and as Prefect of Brazzaville.
After holding high-level posts at Hydro-Congo, the national oil exploration and exploitation company (including the post of Director of the Department of Studies and Planning from 1986 to 1994), Moundélé-Ngollo was an Adviser to the Minister of Hydrocarbons from 1994 to 1998. She also attended the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women as a delegate from Congo-Brazzaville in September 1995. Moundélé-Ngollo was the Director-General of Hydro-Congo from December 1998 to December 1999. She later became a member of the National Executive Bureau of Club 2002, which supports President Denis Sassou Nguesso and is led by his nephew, Willy Sassou Nguesso.
After the May–June 2002 parliamentary election, Moundélé-Ngollo was appointed as Minister of Trade, Consumption, and Supplies on 18 August 2002, and she succeeded Pierre-Damien Boussoukou Boumba in that position on 21 August. In late 2002 and early 2003, she played a key role in peace initiatives regarding the Ninja rebellion, led by Pasteur Ntoumi; a peace agreement was signed on 17 March 2003, and she became a member of the Monitoring Committee of the Convention for Peace and National Reconstruction.
In the June–August 2007 parliamentary election, Moundélé-Ngollo was elected to the National Assembly as the Club 2002 candidate in the first constituency of Mindouli, located in the Pool Region. After placing second with 42.10% of the vote in the first round, she faced Congolese Movement for Democracy and Integral Development (MCDDI) candidate Jean-Claude Massoba in the second round and won the seat. After the election, she was moved from her position as Minister of Trade, Consumption, and Supplies to that of Minister of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, in charge of the Craft Industry, on 30 December 2007. Her alternate, Auguste Mpassi-Mouba, took up her seat in the National Assembly.
Mpassi-Mouba died on 16 October 2009, thereby leaving the seat for Mindouli 1 vacant. To resume her seat in the National Assembly, it would have been necessary for Moundélé-Ngollo to resign from the government, and she apparently did not want to do so; consequently, a by-election was called for July 2010 to replace Mpassi-Mouba. Constitutionally, the matter was considered somewhat unclear, as the by-election was being called to replace an alternate while the titular deputy was still alive. Moundélé-Ngollo stood again as a candidate in the by-election; because it was understood that she would remain in the government, her alternate was effectively the real candidate.
References
1944 births
Living people
People from Brazzaville
Members of the National Assembly (Republic of the Congo)
Government ministers of the Republic of the Congo
Club 2002 – Party for the Unity of the Republic politicians
Women government ministers of the Republic of the Congo
21st-century Republic of the Congo women politicians
21st-century Republic of the Congo politicians
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad%C3%A9la%C3%AFde%20Mound%C3%A9l%C3%A9-Ngollo
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The Marquis de Vaudreuil may refer to:
Philippe de Rigaud de Vaudreuil (1643–1702), governor of Montréal then of New France
Pierre de Rigaud de Vaudreuil (1698–1778), last governor-general of New France
Louis-Philippe de Rigaud, Marquis of Vaudreuil (1691 – 1763), French admiral
Louis-Philippe de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil (1724 – 1802), French admiral, son of the former
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marquis%20de%20Vaudreuil
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Hyanglung is a village development committee in Mugu District in the Karnali Zone of north-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 1318 people living in 239 individual households.
References
External links
UN map of the municipalities of Mugu District
Populated places in Mugu District
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyanglung
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Robert Alexander Cameron (February 22, 1828 – March 15, 1894) was an American soldier and newspaper publisher. He served as a Union general during the American Civil War. During the war he was made a brigadier general and after the war was appointed a brevet major general. After the war he was heavily involved in developing farms in the U.S. state of Colorado.
Early life and career
Cameron was born in Brooklyn, New York. He moved with his parents to Valparaiso, Indiana in the early 1842, where he attended the local public schools. Cameron graduated from Indiana Medical College in 1849, and also attended Rush Medical College in Chicago, however he soon gave up his medical studies.
In 1857, Cameron bought and began publishing the Valparaiso Republican, a local newspaper. He also served as a Republican delegate to their 1860 convention in Chicago, supporting the campaign of Abraham Lincoln for U.S. President.
Civil War service
When the American Civil War began, Cameron was a doctor in practice at Valparaiso and a member of the Indiana House of Representatives. He enlisted in the 9th Indiana, a three-month regiment, and was elected captain on April 23, 1861. With the 9th, Cameron saw service in the Western Virginia Campaigns. After those three months were up, Cameron re-enlisted for the duration of hostilities and was appointed lieutenant colonel of the 19th Indiana Infantry on July 29.
In September 1861, Cameron and the 19th Indiana fought in a skirmish at Chain Bridge, one of the bridges over the Potomac River leading into Washington, D.C. After the action Col. Solomon Meredith, Cameron's brigade commander, thought highly of his performance, stating that he "rode the lines giving orders and maintaining a calmness that was not even shattered when the concussion of a shell brought his horse to its knees." Despite this praise, Cameron was not able to get along with Meredith, and asked Indiana governor Oliver Morton to be removed from the 19th and assigned elsewhere. His request would be granted early in the following year.
On February 3, 1862, Cameron was transferred to the 34th Indiana, and Cameron and the 34th fought in Missouri at the action near New Madrid and the following Battle of Island Number Ten that February to April. He also participated in the capture of Memphis, Tennessee, on June 6. Cameron was then promoted to colonel and given command of the 34th, both on June 15.
With his regiment Cameron participated in the 1863 Vicksburg Campaign, where he was slightly wounded in his eyes during the Battle of Port Gibson on May 1. Cameron was promoted to brigadier general in the Union Army on August 11, 1863. After several stints of brigade command in late 1863 and 1864, he led a division of the XIII Corps during the 1864 Red River Campaign. During the Battle of Mansfield in Louisiana on April 8, Cameron's men attempted to reinforce the crumbling Union line around 5 p.m., but were forced back when it finally broke near 6 p.m.
Cameron finished the war in district command in the Department of the Gulf at Thibodaux, Louisiana. On March 13, 1865, he was appointed a brevet major general in the Union Army, and he resigned his commission soon after on June 22.<ref name="Robert Alexander Cameron
Postbellum
Following the war, Cameron headed to the Western United States and was active in establishing farm colonies in Colorado, and was also prominent in the politics and the economic development of the former territory. In 1870 Cameron was influential in founding of Greeley, and was elected president of Greeley’s board of trustees in 1871. He was lured away by William Jackson Palmer to become superintendent of a new colony, which later would grow into the city of Colorado Springs. Cameron also took part in an attempt to establish Fort Collins.
Cameron then moved to San Francisco, California, where he stayed there for few years before returning to Colorado to serve as a postal clerk in Denver. From 1885–87, he served as warden of Colorado State Penitentiary. In the spring of 1894 Cameron died on his farm near Cañon City, Colorado, and is buried there.
Legacy
Camerons Cone is located in Pike National Forest, about from Colorado Springs, Colorado, and was named for Robert Alexander Cameron. When originally dedicated, the summit was called Cameron's Cone. Cameron Pass, a gap in the Medicine Bow Mountains range, was also named in his honor in 1870.
See also
List of American Civil War generals (Union)
References
Bibliography
1828 births
1894 deaths
19th-century American newspaper publishers (people)
Members of the Indiana House of Representatives
Politicians from Brooklyn
People of Indiana in the American Civil War
Union Army generals
19th-century American journalists
American male journalists
19th-century American male writers
19th-century American politicians
Journalists from New York City
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Alexander%20Cameron
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The 1983 FA Charity Shield was the 61st FA Charity Shield, an annual football match played between the winners of the previous season's First Division and FA Cup competitions. The match was played on 20 August 1983 at Wembley Stadium and contested by Liverpool, who had won the 1982–83 First Division, and Manchester United, who had won the 1982–83 FA Cup. Manchester United won 2–0 with a brace from captain Bryan Robson. It was Liverpool's first competitive game under the management of Joe Fagan, who had been promoted from the coaching staff to replace the retiring Bob Paisley.
Match details
See also
1982–83 Football League
1982–83 FA Cup
1983
Charity Shield
Charity Shield 1983
Charity Shield 1983
Comm
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1983%20FA%20Charity%20Shield
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William Patton may refer to:
William Patton (preacher) (1798–1879), American preacher
William Weston Patton (1821–1899), his son, American abolitionist
William Hampton Patton (1853–1918), American entomologist
William Patton (architect), English-born, American architect of churches including Church of Our Saviour (Placerville, California)
Will Patton (born 1954), American actor
Billy Joe Patton (1922–2011), American amateur golfer
See also
William Patten (disambiguation)
William Paton (disambiguation)
William Patton Thornton (1817–1883), American physician and educator
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Patton
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Lasmigona costata, the flutedshell, is a species of freshwater mussel. It is an aquatic bivalve mollusk in the family Unionidae.
References
costata
Molluscs of North America
Fauna of the Great Lakes region (North America)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lasmigona%20costata
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Jima, Nepal is a village development committee in Mugu District in the Karnali Zone of north-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 1660 people living in 312 individual households.
References
External links
UN map of the municipalities of Mugu District
Populated places in Mugu District
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jima%2C%20Nepal
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The Trade Union Act 1871 (34 & 35 Vict c 31) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which legalised trade unions for the first time in the United Kingdom. This was one of the founding pieces of legislation in UK labour law, though it has today been superseded by the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992.
Background
The Conservative Prime Minister, the Earl of Derby, set up a Royal Commission on Trade Unions in 1867. One worker representative was on the commission, Frederic Harrison, who prepared union witnesses. Robert Applegarth from the Amalgamated Society of Carpenters and Joiners was a union observer of the proceedings.
The majority report of the Commission was hostile to the idea of decriminalising trade unions. Frederic Harrison, Thomas Hughes and the Earl of Lichfield produced their own minority report, recommending the following changes in the law:
Combinations of workers should not be liable for conspiracy unless it would be criminal if committed by a single person.
The restraint of trade doctrine in common law should not apply to trade associations.
All existing legislation applying to unions specifically should be repealed.
All unions should receive full legal protection of their funds.
When William Ewart Gladstone's new government came to power, the Trade Union Congress campaigned for the minority report, made under the leadership of Sir William Erle, to be adopted. It was successful.
In its passage through Parliament, Mr Bruce introduced the First Reading of the Bill, quoting the Minority Report.
Provisions of the Act
Section 2 provided that the purposes of trade unions should not, although possibly deemed to be in restraint of trade, be deemed unlawful to make any member liable for criminal prosecution.
Section 3 said the restraint of trade doctrine should not make any trade union agreements or trusts void or voidable.
Section 4 stated that any trade union agreements were not directly enforceable or subject to claims for damages for breach. This was designed to ensure that courts did not interfere in union affairs.
Section 6 provided a system of voluntary registration, which carried some small advantages.
It also allowed union members to access the financial records of the union (now ss 28-30, Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992)
Amendments and repeal
However the Criminal Law Amendment Act 1871 was passed at the same time, which made picketing illegal. This was not repealed until the Conspiracy and Protection of Property Act 1875.
The Act was fully repealed by the Trade Union and Labour Relations Act 1974.
Notes
External links
Full text of Trade Union Act 1871 on worldlii.org
Second Reading of the Trade Union Bill in the Commons
1871 in labor relations
United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1871
June 1871 events
United Kingdom labour law
Trade union legislation
History of labour law
British trade unions history
Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby
William Ewart Gladstone
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trade%20Union%20Act%201871
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Charles-René-Louis, vicomte de Bernard de Marigny (1 February 1740, in Sées – 25 July 1816, in Brest) was a French vice admiral, grand-cross of the ordre de Saint-Louis and commander of the Brest fleet.
Biography
Born the fourth boy of an eight-child, old-but-poor family from Normandy, Marigny was destined to an ecclesiastic career; he was soon sent to Sées seminary. However, his temperament inclined him more to adventure; and at age 14 he escaped the seminary to find refuge with his older brother, Augustin Etienne Gaspard Bernard de Marigny, who was a Garde-Marine in Rochefort.
Marigny broke relations with his father and studied to enter the gardes de la marine as well. He was admitted in 1754 and was appointed to the frigate Valeur the next year, for a 14-month campaign. He suffered from acute sea sickness, but he eventually managed to overcome this problem.
Promoted to ensign in 1757, Marigny was appointed to the corvette Zéphir, and later to the 74-gun Actif, taking part in a campaign to India.
After 40 months, Marigny returned to France on Zodiaque, and served successively on Glorieux, Minotaure, Union, the frigate Légère and the fluyt Garonne. He cruised off Hispaniola, off Africa, Portugal, and India. In 1767, he was promoted to lieutenant and sent in a survey mission on the coasts of India. After an eight-month journey, he returned to France with a mémoire for the Ministry of the Navy.
In 1770, Marigny was given command of the scow Dorade, ferrying ammunition from Bayonne to Rochefort. After Dorade was decommissioned, Marigny was appointed to the harbor of Brest.
In 1775, Marigny was awarded the Order of Saint Louis and given command of the corvette Serin, and of the station of Windward Islands.
Poisoned by sleeping on his freshly repainted ship, Marigny fell ill for one year and had to resign his command. Once cured, he was given command of the corvette Étourdie, cruising in the English Channel for six months.
In late 1777, Marigny was appointed to the frigate Belle Poule and tasked with escorting Simeon Deane, brother of Silas Deane, back to the United States, who had been sent by Benjamin Franklin with
news of the preliminaries and imminent signing of the Franco-American treaties.
On 7 January 1778, Belle Poulle was intercepted by HMS Hector and HMS Courageux at 45° 46 N 8° W. The ships maneuvered as to take Belle Poule in a crossfire and demanded that Marigny put a boat to sea, which he refused. A British ship then sent a boat and asked "Who are you, where do you come from, where are you sailing?", to which Marigny replied:
After some negotiation, the British officer stated that he had confused Belle Poule for a ship of the revolted colonies masquerading as a French ship.
As freemason, Charles de Bernard de Marigny served as "worshipful master" of his lodge, l'Heureuse rencontre, in Brest
Citations
References
Joseph François Gabriel Hennequin, Biographie maritime, vol. 1, Paris, Regnault, 1835, p. 351-63.
1740 births
1816 deaths
People from Sées
French Navy admirals
French Freemasons
French naval commanders of the Napoleonic Wars
Order of Saint Louis recipients
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20de%20Bernard%20de%20Marigny
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Karkibada is a village development committee in Mugu District in the Karnali Zone of north-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2355 people living in 399 individual households.
References
External links
UN map of the municipalities of Mugu District
Populated places in Mugu District
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karkibada
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Charles John Drulis (March 8, 1918 – August 23, 1972) was an American football player and coach born in Girardville, Pennsylvania. He attended Temple University and played seven seasons in the National Football League (NFL). Drulis, along with his brothers Joe and Albert, who also played in the NFL, was elected into the Pennsylvania Sports Hall of Fame.
Drulis made his professional debut in the NFL in 1942 with the Chicago Bears but spent the next two-and-a-half seasons in military service during World War II. He returned to the Bears in 1945 and played there until 1949. Drulis spent his final season with the Green Bay Packers.
Drulis went on to spend many years as a defensive assistant. During his tenure as secondary coach of the St. Louis Cardinals, Drulis devised a play that called for one of the safeties to take part in a blitz, code-named "Wildcat." He believed this would result in severe pressure on the quarterback, since a blitz by a defensive back is not usually anticipated. However, at first he didn't think he had a player with the athleticism to run the play. That changed during training camp in , when the Cardinals signed a cornerback from Utah named Larry Wilson. Drulis believed he'd found the player he needed for his scheme, and persuaded the Cardinals to convert Wilson to free safety. Largely due to the play, Wilson blossomed into one of the greatest defensive players in NFL history, and became so identified with it that "Wildcat" became his nickname.
After Pop Ivy resigned late in the 1961 season, Drulis shared head coaching duties with fellow assistant coaches Ray Prochaska and Ray Willsey. Under the trio's guidance, the team won its last two games.
Chuck's wife, Dale Drulis, was an artist who was commissioned to create the artwork at the Pro Football Hall of Fame in Canton, Ohio. The 3 hammered copper figures over the entry depict a running back with a blocker and tackler in an action scene. Dale used her husband Chuck and her sons Chuck and Kerry as models for the figures in the sculpture.
References
1918 births
1972 deaths
American football guards
Camp Lejeune Marines football players
Chicago Bears players
Green Bay Packers players
St. Louis Cardinals (football) head coaches
St. Louis Cardinals (football) coaches
Temple Owls football players
American military personnel of World War II
Sportspeople from Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania
Coaches of American football from Pennsylvania
Players of American football from Pennsylvania
Military personnel from Pennsylvania
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuck%20Drulis
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Darja Švajger (born 16 June 1965 in Maribor, SR Slovenia, SFR Yugoslavia) is one of Slovenia's most popular singers, perhaps best known internationally for having represented her country in the Eurovision Song Contest on two occasions.
Early life
Music entered Darja's life when she was still a child. After finishing secondary school, she entered the College of Music and attended art classes in Graz, Austria, where she studied classical solo singing and jazz. In 1997, she graduated magna cum laude. Already during her studies she had started performing as a solo vocalist with various bands and symphony orchestras. Since 1992 she has been engaged in several projects of the Slovene National Theatre in Maribor. In 1993, the international jury of the Melodies of the Sea and the Sun pop music festival, held in Koper, awarded her first prize in the Slovenian section of the international category. Her first album, In the Arms of the Night, soon followed.
Albums
1994: V objemu noči
1995: Prisluhni mi
1998: Trenutki
1999: Še tisoč let
2001: Plameni
2005: Najlepše uspešnice
2008: Moji obrazi
2013: Moji obrazi
Eurovision 1995
The year 1995 was of great importance to Darja. She represented Slovenia in the Eurovision Song Contest in Dublin, performing the song Prisluhni mi ("Listen to me") by Primoc Peterca and Saso Fajon. The ballad achieved seventh place: Slovenia's best ever result to the contest. Darja won the 1995 and 1996 Pop Singer of the Year awards in Slovenia. In the following years, she became very active and her second album, Moments, was released in 1998.
Official music videos
1995: Prisluhni mi
1999: Še tisoč let / For a thousand years
2014: Sončen dan
2015: En svet
Eurovision 1999
In 1999, Darja again won Slovene national selection for Eurovision and therefore was selected to represent the country in the Eurovision Song Contest held in Jerusalem. Peterca and Fajon again wrote a ballad for her, entitled For A Thousand Years. The composer stated that he had been inspired by the city of New York during his four-month stay there. Slovene broadcaster RTV had high hopes and indeed the song was in first place at the beginning of the voting: it even got a highest score of 12 points from Ireland and Croatia. The song finally scored a total of 50 points and was ranked 11th among the 23 entries.
See also
Slovenia in the Eurovision Song Contest
External links
The official site of the Slovenian National Broadcaster
The official site of the Eurovision Song Contest
1965 births
Eurovision Song Contest entrants of 1995
Eurovision Song Contest entrants of 1999
Living people
Musicians from Maribor
Eurovision Song Contest entrants for Slovenia
20th-century Slovenian women singers
Slovenian jazz singers
Slovenian pop singers
21st-century Slovenian women singers
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darja%20%C5%A0vajger
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Kotdanda also known as Kot Dada is a village development committee in Mugu District in the Karnali Zone of north-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 1465 people living in 244 individual households.
References
External links
UN map of the municipalities of Mugu District
Populated places in Mugu District
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotdanda
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Urraca of Zamora (1033/34 – 1101/03) was a Leonese infanta, one of the five children of Ferdinand I the Great, who received the city of Zamora as her inheritance and exercised palatine authority in it. Her story was romanticized in the cantar de gesta called the Cantar de Mio Cid, and Robert Southey's Chronicle of the Cid.
Succession dispute
Before his death in 1065, Ferdinand divided his widespread conquests in central Spain between his five children, charging them to live at peace with one another. Ferdinand's oldest son, Sancho II, received Castile and the tribute from Zaragoza; Alfonso VI received León and the tribute from Toledo; and García II received Galicia. His daughters, Elvira and Urraca, received Toro and Zamora respectively.
Sancho, however, resolved to rule over his father's entire kingdom and made war on his siblings. By 1072, Sancho had overthrown his youngest brother Garcia, and forced his other brother Alfonso to flee to his Moorish vassal city of Toledo. Toro, the city of Sancho's sister Elvira, fell easily. But in a siege of Urraca's better-defended city of Zamora, King Sancho was stalled, and was then mysteriously assassinated on 7 October 1072. It was widely suspected that the assassination was a result of a pact between Alfonso and Urraca. The Chronicle of the Cid, purportedly written by one of the Cid's followers, states that the assassin was a nobleman of Zamora, who then received sanctuary in the city. The chronicle is careful not to place any direct blame on Alfonso or Urraca, just as it takes pains to stress that the participation of the Cid at the siege of Zamora was involuntary and supposedly forced on him by King Sancho.
Alfonso's reign
The Castilian nobility, highly suspicious of both Urraca and Alfonso, maintained the siege of Zamora for a period after Sancho's death. In the absence of Sancho, however, their siege was pointless. According to the chronicle, the guilt of Zamora was decided by a trial by combat, which proved inconclusive. Urraca sent summons to the nobles of Sancho's dominions, and Alfonso was grudgingly acknowledged as heir to both Castile and León. Suspicion, however, remained and, led by the Cid and a dozen "oath-helpers", the nobles forced Alfonso to swear to his innocence publicly in front of St. Gadea's Church in Burgos. From this incident dated Alfonso's later antagonism to the Cid.
Death
In her later years, Urraca gradually gave up her governing duties, finally retiring to a monastery in Leon, where she supposedly died in 1101. However, a document from 1103 where she made a donation was retrieved, so the Infanta might have died few months or years later.
She is interred in the Chapel of the Kings at the Basílica of San Isidoro of León, along with her siblings Elvira and García.
The following epitaph in Latin was carved in her tombstone:
Literature and film
In the poetic legend, Dona Urraca is the wronged infanta, watching Sancho and the Cid despoil her lands from the battlements of her castle shortly before Sancho is murdered. Her brother Alfonso is her loyal and chivalrous defender.
The 1961 Hollywood film El Cid largely follows the narrative of the Chronicle and the poetic epics, adding to the character of the Infanta a spurned woman role scheming against the Cid, once she seems rejected by him; however it omits the story that Urraca and Rodrigo grew up as close companions in Zamora and there may be other omissions. And it stretches the psychological card that as the older and provoking sister she plays off her brothers Alfonso and Sancho's quarrels for her city and herself [it intimates the incestuous rumours that existed about her and Alfonso, though subtly, as befits a '60's film]. Later in the film, after the death of the haughty older brother Sancho, she focuses her favours to extract from Alfonso compensation for her own grudges with Ruy Diaz. For some reason the film wrongly makes Urraca the ruler of Calahorra, rather than Zamora. Urraca is portrayed by the French actress Geneviève Page.
References
Del Arco y Garay, Ricardo. Instituto Jerónimo Zurita. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas.. ed. Sepulcros de la Casa Real de Castilla. Madrid. OCLC 11366237.
Blanco Lozano, Pilar. Colección diplomática de Fernando I (1037–1065). León: Centro de Estudios e Investigación «San Isidoro» (CSIC-CECEL) y Archivo Histórico Diocesano, 1987. .
Martínez Díez, Gonzalo. El Condado de Castilla (711–1065). La Historia frente a la leyenda. Valladolid, Junta de Castilla y León, 2004. .
Sánchez Candeira, Alfonso. Castilla y León en el siglo XI. Estudio del reinado de Fernando I. Madrid: Real Academia de la Historia, 1999. 349 p. .
Viñayo González, Antonio. Fernando I, el Magno (1035–1065). Burgos: La Olmeda, 1999. 309 p. .
External links
Southey's translation of the Chronicle of The Cid
1030s births
1101 deaths
11th-century women rulers
12th-century women rulers
11th-century people from the Kingdom of León
11th-century Spanish women
12th-century nobility from León and Castile
Burials in the Royal Pantheon at the Basilica of San Isidoro
Leonese infantas
El Cid
Women in medieval European warfare
Women in war in Spain
Women in 11th-century warfare
Daughters of kings
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urraca%20of%20Zamora
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Elvira (1038 or 1039 – 15 November 1101) was a Leonese infanta and the Lady of Toro, Zamora, the daughter of Ferdinand I of León and Castile and Sancha of León, and granddaughter-namesake of Elvira Menéndez, and also an aunt of Elvira of Castile, Queen of Sicily.
She made an important donation of lands to the monastery of San Salvador de Oña in the year 1087. She received the city of Toro on the death of her father, while her sister Urraca received Zamora, and her brothers Sancho II, Alfonso VI and García received the kingdoms of Castile, León, and Galicia respectively.
Elvira was buried in the Royal Pantheon at the Basilica of San Isidoro.
Sources
1030s births
Year of death uncertain
Year of birth uncertain
11th-century women rulers
11th-century nobility from the Kingdom of León
Spanish royalty
Burials in the Royal Pantheon at the Basilica of San Isidoro
Leonese infantas
Daughters of kings
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elvira%20of%20Toro
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The Ukrani or Ukrians (, ) were a West Slavic Polabian tribe in the Uckermark (terra U(c)kera, Uckerland) from the 6th–12th centuries. Their settlement area was centered on the lakes Oberuckersee and Unteruckersee at the spring of the Uecker River. In this region, burghs with a proto-town suburbium were set up at Drense and on an isle in Lake Oberuckersee (near modern Prenzlau).
In 954, Margrave Gero of the Saxon Eastern March (the marca Geronis), aided by Holy Roman Emperor Otto I's son-in-law, Conrad of Lorraine, launched a successful campaign to subdue the Ukrians, who had come within reach of the Holy Roman Empire's Northern March after the 929 Battle of Lenzen. After the 983 revolt of the Obodrites and Lutici, the area became independent again, yet remained under permanent military pressure, especially from Poland and the Holy Roman Empire.
See also
Uckermark
Ukranenland
Pomerania during the Early Middle Ages
List of medieval Slavic tribes
Brandenburg
Veleti
Prissani
References
Polabian Slavs
History of Brandenburg
History of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
Uckermark (district)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrani
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RCAF Station Tofino (ADC ID: C-36) was a Second World War and Cold War, Royal Canadian Air Force, Radar station located in British Columbia. It was located southeast of Tofino, British Columbia, Canada.
History
The site was developed during the early days of World War II and was opened in 1943 as a RCAF "Radio Detachment". The radar at the base was used to protect the Pacific coast from enemy attack. Due to the site's remote location it was equipped with its own airfield. The base was protected by a RCAF Squadron. The site was decommissioned in 1945. In 1955 the station was reopened again as a radar station in the Pinetree Line. The site was under the control of NORAD. The radar station was closed on 10 January 1958 and is now operated as the Tofino Airport.
Aerodrome information
In approximately 1942 the aerodrome was listed as RCAF Aerodrome - Tofino, British Columbia at with a variation of 24.5 degrees east and elevation of . The aerodrome was listed as "Under construction - Serviceable" with three runways as follows:
Squadrons
No. 4 Squadron RCAF - anti-submarine unit under Western Air Command 1941-1945
No. 132 Squadron RCAF - fighter unit under Western Air Command 1943–1944; disbanded at Sea Island in 1944
No. 133 Squadron RCAF - fighter unit under Western Air Command spent time in Tofino
No. 52 Aircraft Control & Warning Squadron - Pinetree Line 1955-1958
References
Bruce Forsyth's Canadian Military History Page
Defunct airports in British Columbia
Royal Canadian Air Force stations
Military airbases in British Columbia
Military history of British Columbia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RCAF%20Station%20Tofino
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Justin Marler (born July 29, 1972) is an American musician. He is known for being a founding member of the stoner rock band Sleep and for leaving a burgeoning career in music to become a monk in an Eastern Orthodox monastery.
In 1990, Marler joined the members of a little-known band called Asbestosdeath (with Al Cisneros, Chris Hakius and Matt Pike), which the members later renamed Sleep. Soon after recording Sleep's first full-length record, Volume One, Marler vanished, while the band went on to become metal icons.
Marler turned up at Saint Herman of Alaska Monastery in northern California and was later transferred to a monastery on a nearly-deserted island in Alaska. During his seven-year stint as a monk, he founded the widely distributed zine titled Death to the World. The zine had a considerable impact on youth counterculture during the mid- to late-1990s, which caught the attention of the mainstream press and quickly led to the release of Marler's first book, Youth of the Apocalypse, which he co-authored with a fellow monastic.
In 1999, Marler left his reclusive life in the monastery and returned to California where he restarted his music career, with former Sleep bandmate Chris Hakius, as the lead singer for an alternative band called The Sabians. Marler then moved to Austin, Texas in 2005 where he remained a musician and publishing author, active in the Austin music scene with his current band, Shiny Empire.
In 2015 Marler started a Christian punk band called Quick And The Dead. On 25th November 2015 the band released its first album Hymns for the Apocalypse. Album sales went to Christian communities of Syria aggraveted by IS persecution.
Books
Youth of the Apocalypse, 1997, St. Herman Press
Door to Paradise, 1998, St. Herman Press
Austin, San Antonio and the Hill Country, first edition 2005, Moon Handbooks
Discography
with Sleep
Sign Language, compilation (Allied Recordings, 1991)
Very Small World, LP compilation (Very Small Records, 1991)
Volume One (Tupelo Records, 1991)
as Monk John Marler
Lamentations (Catacomb Records, 1997)
with The Sabians
Beauty for Ashes (The Music Cartel, 2001)
Shiver (The Music Cartel, 2003)
with Quick And The Dead
Hymns for the Apocalypse (self produced, 2015)
References
Sources
Waltz, Mitzi. "Alternative and Activist Media", Edinburgh University Press, published 2005.
Athitakis, Mark. "Riff Raff", SF Weekly, 2000.
Duncan Collum, Danny. "Punks to Monks", Utne Reader, 1997.
Moon.com. "About the Author", moon.com.
AllMusic.com, [ "Sleep"], AllMusic''.
Uttertrash.net, "Rock and Soul, an Interview with Justin Marler".
combatmusicradio.com,
American heavy metal musicians
American male writers
American Christian monks
Living people
Eastern Orthodox Christians from the United States
1972 births
Sleep (band) members
Asbestosdeath members
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justin%20Marler
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The 112th Pennsylvania House of Representatives District is located in Lackawanna County and includes the following areas:
Archbald
Blakely
Carbondale
Carbondale Township
Dunmore
Fell Township
Jefferson Township
Jermyn
Jessup
Mayfield
Olyphant
Throop
Vandling
Representatives
References
Government of Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania
112
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennsylvania%20House%20of%20Representatives%2C%20District%20112
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Community Unit School District 95 is the school district that covers Lake Zurich, Illinois, USA, which is located in the Northwest suburbs of Chicago, Illinois. The towns that make up the District include Lake Zurich, Kildeer, Deer Park, Hawthorn Woods and unincorporated Forest Lake and North Barrington.
District 95 is a public schooling system made up of 8 Schools, which consist of 5 elementary schools, 2 Middle Schools, and one High school.
The district is managed by a seven-strong board of education. The superintendent is Dr. Kelley Gallt.
Elementary schools
A sixth elementary school, Charles Quentin, closed on June 5, 2009. Claudia Mall was the principal.
Middle schools
High school
References
External links
School districts in Lake County, Illinois
Lake Zurich, Illinois
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community%20Unit%20School%20District%2095
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Andre Kona N'Gole (born 16 June 1970) is a Congolese football player. He started playing for Jomo Cosmos in South Africa where he was discovered by FIFA agent Marcelo Houseman who made his transfer to play striker for Gençlerbirliği in the Turkish Super League, for 5 seasons.
By scoring 74 goals including 12 penalties for Gençlerbirliği, he became the all-time top scorer of the club, a record that had previously stood since 1958. Between 1993 (23 August 1993) and 2001 (26 May 2001), he played 147 matches totalling 12,458 minutes for the club.
He has scored a total of 97 goals in 265 games in the Turkish Super League.
Has duel Turkish citizenship, having gained naturalisation during his career in Turkey.
Kona N'Gole played for the Zaire national football team at the 1992 and 1996 African Cup of Nations finals.
Honours
Gençlerbirliği
Turkish Cup (1): 2001
References
External links
Profile at TFF.org
1970 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Lubumbashi
Democratic Republic of the Congo men's footballers
Democratic Republic of the Congo men's international footballers
1992 African Cup of Nations players
1996 African Cup of Nations players
Democratic Republic of the Congo expatriate men's footballers
Democratic Republic of the Congo expatriate sportspeople in South Africa
Expatriate men's soccer players in South Africa
Expatriate men's footballers in Turkey
Democratic Republic of the Congo expatriate sportspeople in Turkey
Gençlerbirliği S.K. footballers
Antalyaspor footballers
Diyarbakırspor footballers
İstanbulspor footballers
Jomo Cosmos F.C. players
Süper Lig players
Men's association football forwards
21st-century Democratic Republic of the Congo people
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andre%20Kona%20N%27Gole
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The NJI&I was originally created by the Singer Sewing Machine Company in order to transport their products from South Bend, Indiana, to a connection with the Wabash Railroad in Pine, Indiana. The line began service in 1905 and officially operated on only 11.4 miles of track.
Up until and through World War I the line offered two passenger trains round trip daily to Detroit. In the 1930s passenger service was discontinued. The Wabash had purchased the line in 1926 but continued to operate it as a separate railroad.
The major customers included Singer Manufacturing and The Studebaker Company. The NJI&I continued in service until 1982 when the Norfork Southern absorbed the line. Despite both manufacturers going out of business in the early 1960s and early 1970s, the line continued to operate for several other smaller customers.
The name is derived from the three states Singer had plants in at the time of charter. The railroad was eventually taken over by the Wabash and operated through the Norfolk and Western takeover. The line continued to service several customers until the NS-Conrail takeover allowed NS to access their customers via the former New York Central Chicago line. The line was abandoned and removed in the late 1990s.
Rolling stock
NJI&I was a steam railroad until the late 1940s. The line was dieselized with an Alco S1 and a EMD NW2 (ex-Indiana Northern RR) switcher locomotive. The latter currently is stored in Ohio. Operations now are handled by Norfolk Southern.
Buildings and structures
NJI&I is unique in having most of the main line torn up but many significant structures remaining. The headquarters at 1508 W. Western Avenue in South Bend still stands and is used as a daycare. The two stall roundhouse remains on Olive Street and is easily accessible for pictures, although trespassing is discouraged. The former Singer plant is no longer connected by rail but is still standing as a senior citizen's home on Western Avenue. This plant was the main reason for creation of NJI&I. As of 10-18-2018, the round house at 1625 South Olive Street has been torn down, as Norfolk Southern built a small yard next to the former site that is being used to house cars.
Current operations
NS operates locals to customers along the former NYC Kankakee Belt Line and NJI&I from the office along the Kankakee Belt beneath the overpass at Sample and Olive Streets in South Bend. Customers include Steel Warehouse (steel coils) and an Ethanol plant (corn) as well as a scrap yard. Were the former PRR Vandalia line to be active still (tracks remain) this local would service those customers too. The PRR Vandalia line is remaining from a connection with NJI&I down to Eckman Street, site of former Sibley Foundry. The spur to Sibley is no longer.
References
External links
Tom Kepshire's NJI&I Page
Predecessors of the Wabash Railroad
Railway companies established in 1902
Railway companies disestablished in 1983
Defunct Indiana railroads
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Jersey%2C%20Indiana%20and%20Illinois%20Railroad
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Association of Mennonite Evangelical Churches in France () is the conference of Mennonites in France. It is a member of the Mennonite World Conference.
History
The AEEMF has its origins in two organizations, the Association of Mennonite Churches of France, founded in 1925 and the French-speaking Mennonite Churches, founded in 1928. The two organizations merged in 1980 to form the Association of Evangelical Mennonite Churches of France.
Statistics
According to a census of the denomination, in 2022, it would have 31 churches and 2,100 members.
References
Further reading
J. S. Oyer, The Strasbourg Conferences of the Anabaptists, 1554-1607, Mennonite Quarterly Review, 1984, vol. 58, no.3, pp. 218–229
Jean Séguy, Les assemblées anabaptistes-mennonites de France, 1977,
External links
Neff, Christian and Ernst H. Correll. "Alsace (France)." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. 1955. Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. Retrieved 4 November 2008
Association des Églises Évangéliques Mennonites de France
Mennonite Churches in France
Mennonitism in France
Mennonite denominations
Mennonite World Conference
Evangelicalism in France
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association%20of%20Mennonite%20Evangelical%20Churches%20in%20France
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The Pittsburgh Pirates were an early professional ice hockey club based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and were members of the Western Pennsylvania Hockey League for the 1908 WPHL season. The team, and the league, played all of their games at Duquesne Garden. The Pirates made one of the first known trades of professional hockey players.
Team president was local sports magnate Barney Dreyfuss who also owned the Major League Baseball team by the same name.
History
When the WPHL was revived in 1907, the only two original teams to return to the league after operations were suspended after the 1903–04 season were the Pittsburgh Athletic Club and the Pittsburgh Bankers. Two new teams were needed to get the league back to its original number of four teams. One of the teams to enter the league in 1907 was the Pittsburgh Lyceum, and the other was the Pirates. The Pirates entered the league loaded with professional players like Dunc Taylor, Ray Robinson, Ed Robitaille‚ Harry McRobie, Edgar Dey, Charles Masson and goaltender Jim MacKay.
After the 1902 season, the WPHL became the first league to openly hire hockey players. Many of the athletes in the WPHL were Canadians who were drawn to Pittsburgh because of Duquesne Garden, which was one of the few arenas in North America that had an artificial ice rink. The Pirates made one of the first known trades of professional hockey players, sending Jim MacKay, Edgar Dey and Dunc Taylor to the Pittsburgh Bankers for Joseph Donnelly and Bert Bennett on January 27, 1908. (It was not the first trade of the WPHL season, as Dutch Koch had already been dealt from the Bankers to Lyceum for Harry Burgoyne and back to the Bankers for Fred Young.) On January 31 the Pirates also acquired Gordon McGuire from the Bankers through a purchase.
The Pirates played only one year in the WPHL. They ended their only season with a record of 5 wins, 10 losses, and 2 ties.
References
"Hockey trade put through" The Pittsburgh Press, January 28, 1908.
Notes
Pirates (WPHL)
Defunct ice hockey teams in Pennsylvania
Pirates (WPHL)
Pirates
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pittsburgh%20Pirates%20%28WPHL%29
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Atherleigh railway station served an area of Leigh in what was then Lancashire, England. It was located on the Bolton and Leigh Railway line which ran from Kenyon Junction to Bolton Great Moor Street.
History
Opened by the London Midland and Scottish Railway to serve local housing estates built after World War 1. The station was located on the west side of the railway at Westbourne Avenue with a connecting footbridge between the two parts of the road.
The station structure was a simple wooden building. There was a platform on each side of the tracks.
The station passed on to the London Midland Region of British Railways on nationalisation in 1948, only to be closed by the British Transport Commission six years later.
After closure
The station is believed to have been used for Rugby League specials and holiday traffic after closure.
By 2015 the station site was buried under the A579 road.
References
Sources
External links
The station on a 1948 OS map via npe maps
The closed station on a 1955–61 series OS map via National Library of Scotland
The station and line via railwaycodes
Disused railway stations in the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan
Former London, Midland and Scottish Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1935
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1954
Buildings and structures in Leigh, Greater Manchester
1935 establishments in England
1954 disestablishments in England
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atherleigh%20railway%20station
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The Fresh Talent Initiative was a Scottish Government policy framework to encourage people to settle in Scotland. The initiative was launched in February 2004 by then First Minister, Jack McConnell as a way of countering the 'biggest challenge facing Scotland' of its falling population.
Since immigration is a matter reserved to the UK parliament in the legislation that established the Scottish Parliament in 1999 (the Scotland Act 1998), agreement had to be obtained from the Home Office for a key part of the initiative: to allow overseas graduates from Scottish universities, who express the intention of living and working in Scotland, to stay on for two years following graduation to seek employment. The Fresh Talent: Working in Scotland Scheme was up and running by summer 2005, applying to those who graduated that year.
Opposition towards the scheme was voiced by some English universities which felt that the scheme gave Scottish universities a competitive advantage in terms of attracting students from overseas.
The Fresh Talent: Working in Scotland Scheme was subsumed into the UK immigration system on 29 June 2008 when the UK government brought in a new points based immigration scheme.
See also
Demographics of Scotland
New Scots
TalentScotland
References
Higher education organisations based in the United Kingdom
New Scots
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresh%20Talent%20Initiative
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The 1936–37 Montreal Canadiens season was the team's 28th season of play. After coach Cecil Hart and Howie Morenz returned to the club, the Canadiens placed first in the Canadian Division and qualified for the playoffs. Montreal met and lost to eventual Stanley Cup champion Detroit Red Wings in the semi-finals.
Regular season
The Montreal Canadiens had hit the bottom in 1935–36, and Babe Siebert was obtained to shore up the defence. Cecil Hart was rehired as coach. Hart placed a condition on his returning to the club, that former star Howie Morenz would return to the club. After being traded to Chicago and from there to New York, Morenz had struggled and the Rangers were willing trade partners for Morenz. Goalie George Hainsworth also returned to the Canadiens, signed as a free agent.
The Canadiens went from last to first in the Canadian Division. Morenz was just hitting his stride in January 1937, when tragedy struck. On one of his hurtling rushes, he was being checked by Earl Seibert of Chicago when his left skate got caught in the dasher of the end boards, and Morenz suffered a badly fractured leg. After suffering a nervous breakdown worrying about if he'd be able to come back, more bad luck occurred. On March 8, 1937, X-rays revealed that Howie had blood clots in his healing leg. An operation was scheduled for the next day, but when Howie ate a light supper and told the nurse he wanted to rest, in falling asleep his pallor suddenly changed and the nurse knew something was wrong. A blood clot had stopped his heart, and attempts to revive Howie failed. News of Morenz's death shocked the hockey world, and thousands filed past his bier, many in tears, to pay their last respects.
Final standings
Record vs. opponents
Playoffs
As champions of the Canadian division, the Canadiens proceeded directly to the semi-final against the Detroit Red Wings. Montreal lost the best-of-five series 3–2.
Schedule and results
Regular season
Player statistics
Regular season
Scoring
Goaltending
Playoffs
Scoring
Goaltending
Awards and records
Wilf Cude – NHL Second All-Star team
Babe Siebert – NHL First All-Star team, Hart Memorial Trophy
O'Brien Cup – First place in Canadian division.
Transactions
September 1, 1936 – Howie Morenz traded to Montreal by NY Rangers for cash.
September 10, 1936 – Traded Leroy Goldsworthy, Sammy McManus and $10,000 to Boston for Babe Siebert and Roger Jenkins.
November 24, 1936 – George Hainsworth signed as a free agent.
See also
1936–37 NHL season
References
Notes
Montreal Canadiens seasons
Montreal Canadiens
Montreal Canadiens
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1936%E2%80%9337%20Montreal%20Canadiens%20season
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Raymond Edward Prochaska (August 9, 1919 – March 9, 1997) was an American gridiron football player and coach.
Prochaska was born in Ulysses, Nebraska, to Emil Prochaska and Marie Fredlick, having Czech and Moravian ancestry. He attended the University of Nebraska and played one season in the National Football League (NFL). Prochaska was drafted by and made his professional debut in the NFL in 1941 with the Cleveland Rams before leaving football for military service during World War II.
Prochaska went on to be an assistant coach, often serving under Chuck Knox with multiple NFL teams, and in 1961 briefly served as interim head coach of the St. Louis Cardinals. He coached under Knox with the Los Angeles Rams, Buffalo Bills, and Seattle Seahawks. After Pop Ivy resigned late in the season, Prochaska shared head coaching duties with fellow assistant coaches Chuck Drulis and Ray Willsey. Under the trio's guidance, the team won its last two games.
References
External links
1919 births
1997 deaths
American football ends
Buffalo Bills coaches
Cleveland Browns coaches
Los Angeles Rams coaches
Edmonton Elks coaches
Nebraska Cornhuskers football coaches
Nebraska Cornhuskers football players
St. Louis Cardinals (football) coaches
St. Louis Cardinals (football) head coaches
Seattle Seahawks coaches
American military personnel of World War II
People from Butler County, Nebraska
Players of American football from Nebraska
American people of Czech descent
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray%20Prochaska
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BSCI may refer to:
Business Social Compliance Initiative, a supplychain monitoring certification (BSCI)
Cisco Career Certifications, Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks (BSCI)
Broad-Spectrum Chemokine Inhibitor (BSCI), a class of anti-inflammatory drug
Boston Scientific, a Fortune 500 medical device company
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BSCI
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Henry Melville Whitney (October 22, 1839 – January 25, 1923) was an American industrialist, the founder of the West End Street Railway Company of Boston, Massachusetts, and later the Dominion Coal Company Ltd. and the Dominion Iron and Steel Company Ltd. of Sydney, Nova Scotia. He was also president of the Metropolitan Steamship Company, long an important transportation link between Boston and New York City.
Early life
Whitney was born on October 22, 1839, in Conway, Massachusetts to Brigadier General James Scollay Whitney (1811–1878) and Laurinda Collins. Henry's well known younger brother was the financier William Collins Whitney (1841–1904), who served as Secretary of the Navy in the first administration (1885–1889) of President Grover Cleveland. His sister Lucy Collins "Lily" Whitney married Charles T. Barney, who became the president of the Knickerbocker Trust Company. Another sister, Susan Collins Whitney, married Henry F. Dimock.
Whitney was educated at Williston Seminary in East Hampton, Massachusetts. Whitney was said to have been a personally pleasant and genial man who had hearing difficulties from childhood.
Family
His family was descended from Puritans including John Whitney of London, who settled in 1635 at Watertown, Massachusetts. Through his mother, he was a descendant of William Bradford (1590–1657), the 2nd, 5th, 7th, 9th & 12th Governor of Plymouth Colony and signer of the Mayflower Compact.
Career
He began his business career as a clerk in a bank in Conway in 1856. In 1859, he went to Boston, where he was a clerk in the Bank of Mutual Redemption. He then worked as a clerk in the office of the navy agent at the Boston Custom House in 1860–1861. Upon the outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861, Whitney went to New York City and engaged in the shipping business.
In 1866, Whitney returned to Boston and was appointed agent of the Metropolitan Steamship Company, of which his father was president. This concern operated steamships on the "outside line" between Boston and New York around Cape Cod.
Metropolitan Steamship Company
Upon his father's death on October 24, 1878, Whitney was elected his successor as president of the Metropolitan Steamship Company, retaining the position of agent at Boston.
In June 1890 the Metropolitan Steamship Company placed the new iron steamer in service between Boston and New York. The 2,706-ton, vessel was built by William Cramp & Sons at Philadelphia. H.M. Whitney was flagship of the Metropolitan fleet until she was run down and sunk by the steamer Ottoman in Boston harbor on September 28, 1892. There were no deaths, and H.M. Whitney was later refloated and, after reconditioning, returned to service. It had another collision in 1898, with the schooner Ira D. Sturgis, and again on November 5, 1908, when she attempted to avoid a collision with a tugboat and four barges off Hallett's Point and ran aground on the east end of Ward's Island and sank. In both instances, the ship was repaired and continued on its journey.
In 1906, Charles W. Morse acquired control of the Company, placing it under the control of the Consolidated Steamship Company in January 1907. Morse crashed in the Panic of 1907, however. In 1911, the Metropolitan Steamship Company and the Maine Steamship Company (a New York City-Portland, Maine, operator) merged with the Eastern Steamship Company to form the Eastern Steamship Corporation. The line went into receivership in 1914, but emerged in 1917 as Eastern Steamship Lines. Service on Eastern's Metropolitan Line was maintained until 1941.
Whitney retired from the board of the Metropolitan Steamship Company in 1909.
West End Street Railway Company
In 1886, Whitney established the West End Street Railway Company, with himself as president, as a combination of the five street railways of the Boston area. By the next year it had consolidated ownership of a number of horse-drawn streetcar lines, composing a fleet of 7,816 horses and 1,480 rail vehicles. As the system grew, Whitney chose to deploy electric propulsion systems after visiting Frank Sprague and witnessing the Richmond, Virginia system in action. A section of track was used to test the Bentley-Knight underground power line, but it was abandoned because of failures and safety concerns (especially after the electrocution of a team of horses in 1889). After competing in operational tests with the Sprague streetcar system, the Thomson-Houston company was chosen for system-wide deployment of overhead wires.
Whitney coal syndicate
In 1889, Whitney and Frederick Stark Pearson, chief engineer of the West End Street Railway Company, formed the Whitney coal syndicate with Benjamin Franklin Pearson of the People's Heat and Light Company of Halifax, Nova Scotia. The group purchased one coal mine and obtained options on others south of Sydney in eastern Cape Breton Island. Premier William Stevens Fielding and the Liberal provincial administration favored Whitney's entry into the coal business because his steamships and street-railway electric generators consumed large quantities of coal. The Whitney syndicate was offered an unprecedented 99-year lease at a fixed royalty; the group exercised its options, acquiring most of the existing bituminous coal mines of eastern Cape Breton Island and co-opting such local figures as John Stewart McLennan and David MacKeen. This process took some months, and Whitney was not ready to consolidate operations at Sydney until early 1893. People's Heat and Light after it was incorporated in 1893, with Whitney as president, and B.F. Pearson as secretary.
Dominion Coal Company
On February 1, 1893, the Dominion Coal Company Ltd. (DOMCO) was incorporated with Whitney as president, B.F. Pearson as secretary and F.S. Pearson as chief engineer. Early investors in this enterprise included Whitney's younger brother, William C. Whitney; his brothers-in-law, Henry F. Dimock and Charles T. Barney; and Almeric H. Paget, who later married William's daughter Pauline.
The new company quickly effected numerous efficiencies and improvements, and production was quadrupled within a decade. There were, however, costly mistakes, prominent among them the tendency to become locked into low-price contracts (such as to Whitney's companies), thus missing a large market at higher prices. By 1901, some 90 per cent of its output was committed to such low-price contracts. The company made a large public offering of stock, which tumbled in price when Whitney failed to get the American import duty on coal removed or at least reduced.
Whitney expanded operations at Sydney with the organization in March 1899 of the Dominion Iron and Steel Company Ltd. (DISCO), which had financial backing in both Canada and the United States. Whitney was joined in the new enterprise by his long-time business friends - F.S. Pearson, B.F. Pearson, W.C. Whitney, C.T. Barney, H.F. Dimock, A.H. Paget and J.S. McLennan. The promise of federal bounties, together with concessions from the Liberal provincial administration of Premier George Henry Murray, enabled DISCO to begin work in June 1899 on the largest integrated steel mill in the British Empire. Located on the south side of Sydney Harbour, which Whitney said offered more advantages than anywhere else in the world, the mill was completed in 1901. Iron ore was mined by DISCO on Bell Island in Newfoundland and shipped to Sydney.
Competitors in Britain, France, Germany and the United States were initially concerned. However, continuing problems of management and cost control led to Whitney's early withdrawal from the project. Later in 1901, Whitney and his associates sold majority control of DOMCO to James Ross of Montreal, and their minority share of DISCO to Ross and several other Canadian interests. Whitney resigned as president of DISCO in 1902, and as a member of the DOMCO board in December 1903. Also in 1903, James H. Plummer of Toronto gained control of DISCO, and later DOMCO in 1910, placing them under the Dominion Steel Corporation in 1910. Although Whitney remained on the DISCO board until 1909, his focus was redirected to New England.
Other companies
Back in Boston, Whitney established the New England Gas and Coke Company for the purpose of manufacturing and distributing illuminating gas and railroad-grade coke. In January 1896, Whitney announced the organization of the Massachusetts Pipe Line Gas Company. The new concern would purchase gas from New England Gas and Coke, which in turn purchased its raw material from DOMCO. A new contract between DOMCO and New England Gas and Coke was signed on September 30, 1897, and by mid-1899, a new gas plant was in operation in Everett, Massachusetts. The arrangement led to the unfortunate public perception that the contract had been intended to enhance the value of the companies' stock.
In June 1917, New England Fuel And Transportation, of which J.L. Richards was CEO, took over the assets and liabilities of The New England Gas and Coke Co. as well as Boston Tow Boat Co., Federal Coal and Coke Co., and the New England Coal and Coke Co.
Politics
In 1904, Whitney was elected president of the Boston Chamber of Commerce. He also became interested in politics, promoting tariff reform and reciprocal trade agreements between Canada and the United States.
In 1905, Whitney ran for Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts as a Democrat, losing by 1,996 votes to Republican Eben S. Draper, which prompted a recount. Draper succeeded and became the 40th Lt. Governor of Massachusetts, serving under Curtis Guild Jr., the previous Lt. Governor. In November 1905, Whitney had a public battle with President Theodore Roosevelt over duty reciprocity with Canada.
In 1907, two years later, Whitney was the Democratic candidate for Governor of Massachusetts in the general election of November 5, 1907. His candidacy caused Grenville MacFarland, the Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Democratic State Committee of Massachusetts to resign his post and his membership in the State Committee because of Whitney's Democratic nomination for Governor. MacFarland felt that Whitney represented corporate interests over "true Democratic principles" in his support of the merger of New York, New Haven and Hartford with Boston and Maine railroads. Whitney eventually failed in his bid to unseat the Republican incumbent, Curtis Guild Jr. Eleven days later, he represented the family, along with Harry Payne Whitney, at the funeral in New York City of his brother-in-law, Charles T. Barney, who had shot himself following the failure of the Knickerbocker Trust Company in the Panic of 1907.
In 1911, Whitney endorsed Senator Henry Cabot Lodge for reelection to the United States Senate in Massachusetts, due to Lodge's interest in tariff reforms, even though Lodge was a Republican. He supported Lodge over Governor elect Eugene Foss's, a fellow Democrat, opposition to Lodge.
Personal life
On October 3, 1878, Whitney married Margaret Foster Green (1856–1932) of Brookline, Massachusetts, daughter of Admiral Joseph F. Green. Residing in Brookline, the couple were the parents of one son and four daughters.
Ruth Whitney
Eleanor Whitney, who married J. P. Gardner
Laura Whitney
James S. Whitney, who attended Harvard with the class of 1908.
Josephine Whitney (b. 1891), who married Frank Boott Duveneck (1886–1985), the only child of painters Frank Duveneck and Elizabeth Boott.
Whitney lived in Brookline, where he died on January 25, 1923, at the age of 84. Largely because of the easy success of his younger brother, Whitney was generally supposed to be wealthy, but he had suffered losses from poor investments over a period of years. When the estate of "the supposed multi-millionaire", as The New York Times put it, was probated, it was found to be worth only $1,221.
References
Notes
Sources
External links
Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
Life on Two Levels, Josephine Whitney Duveneck 1978 ; published by William Kaufman, Inc. One First St. Los Altos, CA 94022
1839 births
1923 deaths
American businesspeople
Whitney family
People from Brookline, Massachusetts
People from Conway, Massachusetts
American people of English descent
Massachusetts Democrats
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry%20Melville%20Whitney
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The qulliq (seal-oil, blubber or soapstone lamp, , kudlik ; ), is the traditional oil lamp used by Arctic peoples, including the Inuit, the Chukchi and the Yupik peoples.
This characteristic type of oil lamp provided warmth and light in the harsh Arctic environment where there was no wood and where the sparse inhabitants relied almost entirely on seal oil or on whale blubber. This lamp was the single most important article of furniture for the Inuit in their dwellings.
History
It is uncertain in which period the seal-oil lamps began to be used. They are part of a series of technological innovations among the Arctic peoples whose introduction and spread has been partly documented. Oil lamps have been found in sites of Paleo-Eskimo communities dating back to the time of the Norton tradition, 3,000 years ago. They were a common implement of the Dorset culture and of the Thule people, the lamps manufactured then showing little changes compared with more recent ones.
In the Inuit religion, one of the stories of the Sun and the Moon, the sun deity Sukh-eh-nukh—known as Malina in Greenland—carries an oil lamp which gets overturned spilling oil and soot on her hands and she blackens the face of her brother, the moon deity Ahn-ing-ah-neh (Anningan in Greenland and Igaluk elsewhere). Among the Netsilik if the people breached certain taboos, Nuliajuk, the Sea Woman, held the marine mammal in the basin of her lamp. When this happened the angakkuq had to visit her to beg for game. This story also inspired a New Year tradition in which three lamps were extinguished and relit during the first sunrise.
Historically, the lamp was a multi-purpose tool. The Arctic peoples used the lamp for illuminating and heating their tents, semi-subterranean houses and igloos, as well as for melting snow, cooking, and drying their clothes.
In present times such lamps are mainly used for ceremonial purposes. Owing to its cultural significance, a qulliq is featured on the coat of arms of Nunavut.
A qulliq was lit to commence the investiture ceremony of Mary Simon, the first Inuk, and indigenous person, to be appointed to the position of Governor General of Canada, in the Senate Chamber, 26 July 2021.
Description and use
The Inuit oil lamps were made mainly of soapstone, but there are also some made of a special kind of pottery. Sizes and shapes of lamps could be different, but most were either elliptical or half-moon shaped. The taqquti or wick trimmers, also known as lamp feeders, were made of wood, willow, soapstone, bone or ivory.
The wick was mostly made of Arctic cottongrass (suputi), common cottongrass and/or dried moss (ijju/maniq ) It was lit along the edge of the lamp, providing a pleasant light. A slab of seal blubber could be left to melt over the lamp feeding it with more fat. These lamps had to be tended continually by trimming the wick in such a way that the lamp would not produce smoke.
Although such lamps were usually filled with seal blubber and the English term 'seal-oil lamp' is common in writings about Arctic peoples, they could also be filled with whale blubber in communities where there was whaling. However, the term 'whale-oil lamp' refers to a different kind of lighting device.
Generally caribou fat was a poor choice, as was the fat of other land animals, seal oil being a more efficient fuel for the lamp. Women used to scrape the skin of a freshly skinned seal with an ulu in order not to waste any fat. Once the seal skin was stretched and dried it would be scraped using a halukhit to remove the dried fat.
Realizing that these lamps were such an important fixture of the Inuit household that "when the family moved the lamp went along with it", Arctic explorer William Edward Parry (1790–1855) commented:
Gallery
References
Further reading
Hungarian translation of Rasmussen 1926.
Rasmussen, Knud (1927) Across Arctic America: Narrative of the Fifth Thule Expedition
External links
Qulliq (Oil Lamp) presented by Arnait Video Productions
Oil lamp
Inuit tools
Chukchi culture
Yupik culture
Siberian Yupik
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qulliq
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Sodium tetrachloroaluminate, also known as natrium chloroaluminate, is a chemical compound with the formula . It was discovered in the 20th century. It is the sodium salt of the tetrachloroaluminate anion.
Sodium tetrachloroaluminate can be prepared from sodium chloride and aluminium trichloride.
Uses
Molten sodium tetrachloroaluminate is used as an electrolyte in sodium-nickel chloride batteries.
See also
Sodium aluminate
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate
Sodium tetrafluoroborate
External links
Studies of the electrochemistry of niobium(V) in sodium chloroaluminate and fluorochloroaluminate melts
Tetrachloroaluminates
Sodium compounds
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium%20tetrachloroaluminate
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"Cheated on Me" is a song written and performed by Gavin DeGraw from his self-titled album as the third single, released in September 2008. The song was inspired by a failed relationship DeGraw had with a woman who was fed up with his jealousy.
Music video
The video of the song was released on September 30, 2008.
Critical reception
In an overall positive review, Chuck Taylor of Billboard states that while DeGraw's "strong vocal skills would be better showcased with less layering," he concluded "this killer track, should help separate him from the pack and boost name recognition to staple status."
Charts
References
2008 singles
Gavin DeGraw songs
Pop ballads
Rock ballads
Songs written by Gavin DeGraw
2008 songs
J Records singles
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheated%20on%20Me
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Surendra vivarna, the acacia blue, is a species of lycaenid or hairstreak butterfly found in Sri Lanka, India and the Indonesian islands as far as Sulawesi.
Range
Its range is similar to that of its genus, Surendra, except it is not recorded from China or the Philippines proper (where it is replaced by S. maniliana), but from Balabac, Palawan and the Calamian Islands.
Description
Subspecies
Surendra vivarna amisena Hewitson, 1862, (South Burma, Thailand, Malaya, and Sumatra)
Surendra vivarna palowna Staudinger, 1889, (Borneo)
Surendra vivarna samina Fruhstorfer, 1904, (Sulawesi)
Surendra vivarna agdistis Fruhstorfer (Nias)
Surendra vivarna biplagiata Butler, 1883 (southern India)
Surendra vivarna latimargo Moore, 1879 (Andamans)
Surendra vivarna discalis Moore (Sri Lanka)
Food plants
Fabaceae (Acacia, Albizia, Paraserianthes) and it is facultatively attended by various ants.
See also
Lycaenidae
List of butterflies of India
List of butterflies of India (Lycaenidae)
Cited references
Arhopalini
Butterflies of Singapore
Butterflies of Borneo
Butterflies of Indonesia
Butterflies described in 1829
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surendra%20vivarna
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The Red Line is the older and longer line of the MetroLink light rail service in Greater St. Louis. It serves 29 stations across three counties and two states.
History
Transit planning along the Airport/Central Corridor began as early as 1971, when it was selected as the region's primary target for further study. In 1983, funding was approved to evaluate five mode alternatives, which culminated in a 1984 draft environmental impact statement. After a series of public hearings, the East–West Gateway Council of Governments, a council composed of the region's local governments, adopted light rail as the preferred mode alternative.
The project's capital expense budget was $287.7 million (equivalent to $ in dollars), which covered design and engineering, procurement, construction, and testing.
Arts in Transit
In the initial design phase of MetroLink, Metro's Arts in Transit program commissioned a group of artists to design unique bridge piers for MetroLink viaducts. Collaborating with architects and engineers, the artists designed the arched supports that reflect an inverted version of the arch motif used throughout the MetroLink system design. The bridge pier system is a signature of MetroLink design and appears in the subsequent St. Clair and Cross County alignments.
In 2008, the Arts in Transit program commissioned a work for the alignment along Interstate 70 near Lambert Airport. Titled St. Louis Rhythm and created by Richard Elliot, it was made using roadway reflectors on 16 concrete Jersey barriers that are activated by the headlights of passing cars.
In 2011, another Arts in Transit commission was installed on the shared alignment near Interstate 64 on the bridge over Vandeventer Avenue. Titled Blue Train and created by Clark Wiegman, this cubist locomotive represents the opening eight bars of the melody of “St. Louis Blues.” During the day, this piece appears as an oversized locomotive spewing a trail of notes or an unfurling piano roll. At night, it becomes a geometric abstraction about linear dynamism and the implied form of the bridge punching through the surrounding ambient light.
2022 Flooding
On July 26, 2022, the Delmar Loop and Forest Park-DeBaliviere stations were flooded in a catastrophic flash flooding event that shut the system down for close to 72 hours. Damage to the stations, rolling stock, ballast, signaling infrastructure, fiber optics, etc. is estimated to be $40 million.
On September 5, 2022, Metro announced new schedules to accommodate repairs being made to the system. It is estimated repairs could take six months or longer. Currently, the Red Line is operating at all of its 29 stations but with restricted speeds in some flood-damaged sections.
Route
The 38-mile (61 km) Red Line alignment begins at Lambert St. Louis International Airport, making stops at the Terminal 1 and Terminal 2 stations. It then proceeds through Kinloch before making a stop at the North Hanley station near Bel-Ridge. It makes 2 stops (UMSL North & UMSL South) at the University of Missouri St. Louis located in Normandy. After departing UMSL, trains divert south onto the former Wabash/Norfolk & Western Railroad's Union Depot line that once brought passenger trains from Ferguson to Union Station. It then travels into Pagedale stopping at the Rock Road station and then at Wellston's namesake station on Plymouth Street. From here, the Red Line crosses the St. Louis City/County boundary line at Skinker Boulevard, making a stop at the Delmar Loop station which serves the popular Delmar Loop area and is located just below the original Wabash Railroad's Delmar Station building. At the following station, Forest Park-DeBaliviere, the Red Line meets the Blue Line. From this station the two services share a track alignment with each other until the Blue Line terminates at the Fairview Heights station in Illinois.
Shared Alignment
From the Forest Park-DeBaliviere station, the Red and Blue lines share the same set of tracks for the next 16 stations. Continuing east, the Central West End and Cortex stations serve the popular Central West End neighborhood, Washington University Medical Center and Cortex Innovation Community. The Grand station transfers with the busy #70 MetroBus line and serves Saint Louis University and its hospital. Next, the Union Station, Civic Center, Stadium, 8th & Pine, Convention Center, and Laclede's Landing stations serve downtown St. Louis and its many popular attractions. Crossing the historic Eads Bridge into Illinois, the line serves the East Riverfront, 5th & Missouri, Emerson Park, Jackie Joyner-Kersee Center, and Washington Park stations in East St. Louis, Illinois. At the next station, Fairview Heights, the Blue Line terminates and the Red Line continues south to Belleville, Illinois to its terminus at the Shiloh-Scott station located at Scott Air Force Base.
Stations
From Lambert Airport to Shiloh-Scott (west to east)
Projects in progress
MidAmerica Airport
In 2019, the St. Clair County Transit District was awarded $96 million in Illinois infrastructure funding to build a extension of the Red Line from Shiloh-Scott to MidAmerica St. Louis Airport in Mascoutah. This extension will include two segments, double and single-track segments, along with a passenger station at the end of the alignment at the airport. Design work was completed in the summer of 2022 and a request for proposals was released that November. Construction on the expansion is expected to begin in 2023 with Metro beginning operations in 2025.
Infrastructure Improvements
In 2023, Metro began a system-wide rehabilitation program that will last up to two years. Work on the Red Line will include the rehabilitation of the Union Station and downtown subway tunnels, including the Laclede's Landing, Convention Center and 8th & Pine subway stations. Elsewhere, curve tracks, catenary wire, system conduit, staircases and retaining walls are to be upgraded or replaced. Three Red Line stations are to receive platform rehabilitations: Jackie Joyner-Kersee Center, Rock Road and Wellston.
In 2024, Metro expects to complete upgrades to the Supervisory Control Automated Data Acquisition (SCADA) and Public Address/Customer Information (PA/CIS) systems. The upgraded SCADA/PA/CIS will operate as an integrated system that monitors and controls MetroLink operations and will allow Metro to provide real-time arrival information to passengers, such as live displays at stations.
Previous proposals
These extensions were proposed when Metro released its Moving Transit Forward plan in 2010. Most are now defunct as regional leadership has said their current focus is on the City and North County corridors and not previous expansion proposals.
St. Charles Corridor
Lambert Airport to St. Charles County: Possible plans to expand MetroLink 16 to 20-miles (26-32 km) from Lambert Airport northwestward to St. Charles County were abandoned after St. Charles County voters rejected a sales tax in 1996 to fund an extension; subsequently, all MetroBus service was ended. If the extension was funded, the route would have used the Old St. Charles Bridge (now demolished) as a crossing over the Missouri River to the City of St. Charles, St. Peters, and O'Fallon. It is not likely to be considered in the future as St. Charles County residents still largely oppose light rail expansion.
Madison County Corridors
East St. Louis to Alton/Edwardsville: A study in 2005 was performed to investigate the potential costs, ridership, and impacts of extending Metrolink into Madison County, Illinois. According to the East-West Gateway Council of Governments, there are two recommended alignments for Madison County. Both of the alignments will start from the 5th & Missouri station out of East St Louis in St. Clair County to Granite City, Collinsville, Glen Carbon, Edwardsville, East Alton, Wood River, and Alton in Madison County, Illinois 21 to 23-miles (34-37 km) away. The alignments would have split in Madison, Illinois. In order to plan any Madison County extensions, Metro will have to collaborate with Madison County Transit.
See also
Blue Line (St. Louis MetroLink)
MetroLink
List of St. Louis MetroLink stations
Metro Transit
Bi-State Development Agency
St. Clair County Transit District
References
External links
Metro – Official website for Metro Transit
Bi-State Development – Official website for Bi-State Development
St. Clair County Transit District – Official website for the St. Clair County Transit District
Citizens for Modern Transit – St. Louis transit advocacy group
Arts in Transit Website
Metro Transit (St. Louis)
MetroLink (St. Louis)
Light rail in Missouri
Light rail in Illinois
Airport rail links in the United States
Proposed railway lines in Missouri
Passenger rail transportation in Missouri
1993 establishments in Missouri
750 V DC railway electrification
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%20Line%20%28St.%20Louis%20MetroLink%29
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Ludovico Gonzaga (also spelled Lodovico) was the name of several prominent members of the House of Gonzaga:
Ludovico I Gonzaga (1268–1360), better known as Luigi, the first Capitano del Popolo ('Captain of the People') of Mantua and Imperial Vicar
Ludovico II Gonzaga (1334–1382), Italian politician who was capitano del popolo of Mantua
Ludovico III Gonzaga (1412–1478), also known as Ludovico II, Marquis of Mantua from 1444
Ludovico Gonzaga (1480-1540) (c. 1480–1540), Italian nobleman and condottiero
Ludovico Gonzaga-Nevers, also known as Luigi and Louis (1539–1595), Duke of Nevers from 1565
Ludovico Gonzaga (bishop) (1588–1632), Italian Roman Catholic bishop
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludovico%20Gonzaga
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The Blue Line is the newer and shorter line of the MetroLink light rail service in Greater St. Louis. It serves 25 stations across three counties and two states.
History
Much of the southern half of the Blue Line follows a former Terminal Railroad Association of St. Louis (TRRA)/Rock Island railroad right of way that ran from BNSF's junction with the Cuba and River subdivisions (known as Southeastern Junction) to what is now Interstate 170 Business Center in St. John, Missouri. The current stretch of line from the Clayton to Forest Park-DeBaliviere stations was known as the Forsyth branch until Rock Island abandoned it in 1931. The TRRA used the trackage from Clayton to St. John until the section from Big Bend to Olive Boulevard was severed to the lack of customers. This was historically known as the TRRA Central Belt. The rest of the track was removed in 2002 prior to construction of the Blue Line. All that remains of the original Central Belt is the portion north from Rock Island Junction, near Overland, Missouri (where the Central Belt crossed the junction between TRRA's West Belt and the Central Midland Railway), to just a fifth of a mile past Page Avenue where some industries still use TRRA trackage.
Arts in Transit
In 2002, Metro's Arts in Transit program commissioned a group of artists to join architects and engineers during the design phase of the Cross County Expansion. This practice of artist participation during the early stages of system design was established during the design and construction of the initial MetroLink alignment that opened in 1993. The work of these artists involved exploration of landscape alternatives, designing the paving patterns for concrete adjacent to stations, and creating the “flow”-patterned retaining walls running along the tracks in the below-grade stretches of the alignment.
In 2006, the Arts in Transit program commissioned a work made for at-grade stretches of the alignment. An overlay of lacy aluminum silhouettes, titled A Walk in the Park, embellishes the concrete privacy fence, called the Catlin Wall, which runs parallel to the tracks between the Skinker and Forest Park-DeBaliviere stations. Created by Andy Cross, Carl Harris, and Ty de LaVenta, the work is a series of cut metal panels depicting trees, vines, leaves, and trellises.
2022 Flooding
On July 26, 2022, the Forest Park-DeBaliviere and Delmar Loop stations were flooded in a catastrophic flash flooding event that shut the system down for close to 72 hours. Damage to the stations, rolling stock, ballast, signaling infrastructure, fiber optics, etc. is estimated to be $40 million.
On September 5, 2022, Metro announced new schedules to accommodate repairs being made to the system estimated to take six months or longer. In the immediate aftermath, the Blue Line operated only between the Shrewsbury-Lansdowne I-44 and Forest Park-DeBaliviere stations. In November 2022, Metro announced the restoration of Blue Line service to its Fairview Heights terminal with some speed restrictions in flood damaged sections.
Route
The 24-mile (39 km) Blue Line alignment starts in Shrewsbury, Missouri (Shrewsbury-Lansdowne I-44) just west of the River des Peres. It crosses over Interstate 44 and continues north to the next two stations located in Maplewood, Missouri (Sunnen and Maplewood/Manchester). The line then continues north to the Brentwood I-64 station, located in Brentwood, Missouri just south of Interstate 64. It then proceeds north in a tunnel underneath Interstate 64, continuing to the Richmond Heights station serving the popular Saint Louis Galleria shopping mall. The line then proceeds through a sharp turn east to the Clayton station in the median of Forest Park Parkway in Clayton, Missouri where it serves the Central Business District of St. Louis County. It heads further east to the Forsyth station where it then enters a tunnel traveling to the University City-Big Bend subway station. After crossing the St. Louis City/County boundary, the Blue Line makes its last stop at the Skinker subway station serving nearby Washington University. At the following station, Forest Park-DeBaliviere, the Blue Line meets the Red Line. From this station the two services share a track alignment with each other until the Blue Line terminates at the Fairview Heights station in Illinois.
Shared Alignment
From the Forest Park-DeBaliviere station, the Blue and Red lines share the same set of tracks for the next 16 stations. Continuing east, the Central West End and Cortex stations serve the popular Central West End neighborhood, Washington University Medical Center and Cortex Innovation Community. The Grand station transfers with the busy #70 MetroBus line and serves Saint Louis University and its hospital. Next, the Union Station, Civic Center, Stadium, 8th & Pine, Convention Center and Laclede's Landing stations serve downtown St. Louis and its many popular attractions. Crossing the historic Eads Bridge into Illinois, the line serves the East Riverfront, 5th & Missouri, Emerson Park, Jackie Joyner-Kersee Center, and Washington Park stations in East St. Louis, Illinois. At the next station, Fairview Heights, the Blue Line terminates and the shared alignment ends.
Stations
From Shrewsbury−Lansdowne I-44 to Fairview Heights (west to east)
Projects in progress
Infrastructure Improvements
In 2023, Metro began a system-wide rehabilitation program that will last up to two years. Work on the Blue Line will include the rehabilitation of the Cross County tunnels and stations between Forsyth and Skinker and will include the construction of a storage siding near the Richmond Heights station. Elsewhere, curve tracks, catenary wire, system conduit, staircases and retaining walls are to be upgraded or replaced.
In 2024, Metro expects to complete upgrades to the Supervisory Control Automated Data Acquisition (SCADA) and Public Address/Customer Information (PA/CIS) systems. The upgraded SCADA/PA/CIS will operate as an integrated system that monitors and controls MetroLink operations and will allow Metro to provide real-time arrival information to passengers, such as live displays at stations.
Previous proposals
These extensions were proposed when Metro released its Moving Transit Forward plan in 2010. Most are now defunct as regional leadership has said their current focus is on the City and North County corridors and not previous expansion proposals.
Cross County Corridors
Daniel Boone - Clayton to Maryland Heights/Westport & Chesterfield
A study performed in 2000 recommended a new MetroLink line from Clayton, Missouri to Westport Plaza in Maryland Heights, Missouri. The 8 to 10-mile (13-16 km) line would have run north from the Clayton station along the disused Terminal Railroad Association of St. Louis "Central Belt" right-of-way paralleling Interstate 170, then turn west to follow existing Union Pacific Railroad trackage operated by Central Midland Railway to Page Avenue where the line would have then followed Page to Westport Plaza. This proposed alignment would have added up to six stations between Clayton and Maryland Heights in the Interstate 170 and Page corridors serving Ladue, Olivette, and Overland.
A extension to Chesterfield would have been a potential Phase II of the Daniel Boone Corridor. The alignment would have headed west from Westport Plaza and crossed over Interstate 270 in Maryland Heights. It would have then run along the Page Avenue Extension (Highway 364) until it turned towards Creve Coeur Lake Memorial Park. It then would have headed westward to Spirit of St. Louis Airport in the Chesterfield Valley. This alignment has not been given serious consideration because of its perceived low ridership potential.
MetroNorth - Clayton to Florissant
This extension would have extended the current Blue Line from Clayton towards North County and into Florissant, Missouri. Like the Daniel Boone line, some of it will follow along the old Terminal Railroad Association of St. Louis "Central Belt" right-of-way paralleling I-170.
MetroSouth - Shrewsbury to Butler Hill
This extension would have extended the current Blue Line from its terminus in Shrewsbury, Missouri further into South County beyond Interstates 270/255 to Butler Hill Road. An environmental impact study was completed in 2004; however, selection of an LPA was deferred due to the lack of local funding sources as well as other factors.
See also
Red Line (St. Louis MetroLink)
MetroLink
List of St. Louis MetroLink stations
Metro Transit
Bi-State Development Agency
References
External links
Metro – Official website for Metro Transit
Bi-State Development – Official website for Bi-State Development
Citizens for Modern Transit – St. Louis transit advocacy group
Arts in Transit Website
Metro Transit (St. Louis)
MetroLink (St. Louis)
Light rail in Missouri
Light rail in Illinois
Proposed railway lines in Missouri
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue%20Line%20%28St.%20Louis%20MetroLink%29
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Michael Robert Brewer (born 6 November 1964 in Pukekohe) is a former New Zealand rugby union footballer. He played rugby union as flanker or number eight and represented the All Blacks on 32 occasions scoring 1 try and winning 22 and drawing 1 of those games. He played provincial rugby for Otago and Canterbury in New Zealand's south Island.
Since his retirement from playing Brewer has become a coach and has coached in Italy and then in Ireland. In August 2008 he signed a contract with the Scottish National Rugby Union team as their forwards coach working, alongside Frank Hadden the head coach. He quit in May 2009, after missing out on the head coach position when Hadden was dropped. Brewer was technical director for the Flying Fijians National Team ahead of their 2009 European Tour.
He became head coach of Guinness Premiership side Sale Sharks in April 2010, taking over from Jason Robinson. Brewer instigated a number of changes including signing more than ten new players and releasing a similar number. In December, he was sacked as Sale had won just three of their first nine matches of the 2010/11 season. However, he had originally agreed a 3-year club plan which was still in its infancy.
References
External links
1964 births
Living people
New Zealand international rugby union players
West Hartlepool R.F.C. players
Rugby union flankers
Rugby union number eights
Rugby union players from the Auckland Region
1995 Rugby World Cup players
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike%20Brewer%20%28rugby%20union%29
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Michael Kosgei Rotich, or Mike Rotich (born October 26, 1982) is a marathon runner from Kenya.
Rotich finished second in the 2002 Milan Marathon. Winner Robert Kipkoech Cheruiyot, Rotich and third placed Daniele Caimmi all clocked the same time, 2:08:59 hours. The same year Rotich won the Reading Half Marathon with a time of 1:03:23.
He won the Paris Marathon in 2003 setting a course record and personal best of 2:06:32 hours, both still in force as of 2008. The same year he won the Paris Half Marathon. He competed at the 2003 World Championships marathon race, also held in Paris, finishing 8th.
He finished 2nd at the 2004 Rotterdam Marathon, behind compatriot Felix Limo. In 2007 he won the Salzburg Marathon.
Rotich comes from a Kiptoit village near Eldoret. He is managed by Federico Rosa. He is an uncle to marathon world champion Abel Kirui.
He is not to be confused with Michael Rotich, a Kenyan 800 metres runner who competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics.
Achievements
References
External links
Marathoninfo - Mike Rotich
Rosa & Associati profile
1982 births
Living people
Kenyan male long-distance runners
Paris Marathon male winners
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Kosgei%20Rotich
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The Headquarters Mobile Support Unit (HMSU) is the police tactical unit of the Police Service of Northern Ireland. The HMSU was originally formed in the then Royal Ulster Constabulary part of Special Branch and was involved in several controversial shootings during The Troubles.
Background
The Headquarters Mobile Support Unit (HMSU) was a uniformed elite unit established by the Royal Ulster Constabulary, intended to be their equivalent of the Special Air Service. Members of the HMSU were enrolled into Royal Ulster Constabulary Special Branch and were trained by the Special Air Service to on how to confront Irish Republican Army (IRA) members and other opponents with "firepower, speed and aggression".
The unit had its prototype in the Bessbrook Support Unit set up in 1977 as part of the scaling-up of the Royal Ulster Constabulary's numbers and capabilities under Chief Constable Kenneth Newman to "Ulsterise" as far as possible the maintenance of security. The intensively trained and highly armed Bessbrook Support Unit were intended to take over from the Special Air Service the role of deployment along the South Armagh border to intercept IRA active service units. The Bessbrook Support Unit were in 1979 replaced with a Special Patrol Group, which was in turn replaced in 1981 by the Special Support Unit (SSU). The SSU was subsequently renamed the Headquarters Mobile Support Unit (HMSU) after two of its members were convicted of kidnap and murder. The two, John Weir and Billy McCaughey, implicated some of their colleagues in a range of crimes including giving weapons, information and transport to loyalist paramilitaries as well as carrying out shooting and bombing attacks of their own. Weir alleged that senior officers, including Chief Superintendent Harry Breen, were aware of and approved of their activity. Additionally it was felt he initials SSU were considered too similar to SAS suggesting a military-style unit.
"Shoot to kill"
The SSU were infamously involved in the alleged "shoot-to-kill" incidents of November and December 1982, when six republican paramilitaries were shot dead in three separate incidents, all of whom turned out to be unarmed. These incidents, and evidence which came out in court of organised falsification of the details of the encounters, led to the setting up of the 1984–86 Stalker Inquiry.
In this period, according to evidence given in court at the time by Royal Ulster Constabulary deputy chief constable Michael McAtamney, officers selected for the unit underwent an immensely tough two-week assessment of fitness, mental ability and endurance under pressure, followed by a four-week course including seven days devoted exclusively to weapons training; with the focus being to "eliminate the threat" posed to officers.
In addition to standard weaponry, the unit additionally used Ingram sub-machine guns; Remington pump-action shotguns and Browning semi-automatic shotguns; the Ruger Mini-14 light semi-automatic rifle; and 14-shot Smith & Wesson Model 59 9mm pistol carried as personal sidearms. According to one subsequent report, at the time of the 1982 shootings, the HMSU that had been active in the constabulary's southern region comprised two dozen men, working in field teams of six, travelling in pairs of specially armoured unmarked Ford Cortinas, the front passenger with a Sterling submachine gun, the rear passenger a Ruger rifle, and all three including the driver were armed with pistols.
The unit was based at Lisnasharrah, East Belfast, and worked closely with the plain-clothes intelligence gathering unit E4A. Many were English and/or ex-soldiers. According to reports, as uncovered by the Stalker Inquiry, the units operated almost as a law unto themselves, taking orders only from a small group at Gough Barracks in Armagh that was in charge of tasking and co-ordination, who in turn answered only to Special Branch at constabulary headquarters at Knock. Members generally refused to recognise the authority of senior officers not in the unit, a constable on one occasion telling a CID detective to leave the site and come back after he had had a meal.
According to American writer J. Bowyer Bell there were two such units in all at the time, of 24 members each; although a 1985 newspaper article claimed at least 12 such squads were active. The same article explained their rationale: "The circumstances of the shootings have to be put into the context of Northern Ireland. In the same period two constabulary officers who approached a car parked outside a County Down post office were shot dead by IRA men about to stage a robbery. Unionists were not slow to claim that if anyone was shooting to kill, it was the Republican paramilitaries."
Post-1982
Following the 1982 shootings, the HMSU was reined in. Subsequently, the Royal Ulster Constabulary played only a supporting role in such operations, but the active role in intelligence-led covert ambushes was returned to the British Army, in particular the Special Air Service and similarly trained units, under ultimate police operational control.
Tasking of these operations was put into the hands of a joint committee that included the Intelligence Corps and MI5 as well as senior police officers, rather than the original exclusive tight control by a close-knit small group of Royal Ulster Constabulary officers reporting to HQ-level Special Branch. Some measures were also taken to make the Special Branch less of a force within a force, with regional assistant chief constables having to be informed of Special Branch operations in their areas, and a single senior assistant chief constable position created, with oversight responsibility for both CID and Special Branch. The HMSU continued to take part in "rapid reaction" duties, including raids on suspected paramilitary properties, and spearheading riot control.
The HMSU continued in being throughout the 1980s and 1990s as an operational sub-department of Special Branch department E4. In this time the unit traced and arrested several IRA members in Northern Ireland.
Police Service of Northern Ireland
On 4 November 2001, the Royal Ulster Constabulary was reformed and renamed the Police Service of Northern Ireland following recommendations of the 1999 Independent Commission on Policing for Northern Ireland report implementing the terms of the 1998 Good Friday Agreement.
On 29 April 2003, HMSU officers fatally shot Neil McConville during a vehicle intercept.
In March 2004, the command of the HMSU changed to the newly formed Crime Operations Department with the HMSU becoming part of C4 Specialist Operations Branch separating from Special Branch which was renamed the Intelligence Branch.
In November 2014, HMSU officers were photographed following an operation at a house in Newry to arrest members of the Continuity IRA.
HMSU officers undergo a 26-week training programme including firearms, unarmed combat, roping, driving, close personal protection and photography. HMSU officers are trained to Specialist Firearms Officer and Counter Terrorist Specialist Firearms Officer standards.
References
Police Service of Northern Ireland
Royal Ulster Constabulary
Police tactical units
1980 establishments in Northern Ireland
ATLAS Network
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headquarters%20Mobile%20Support%20Unit
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Alfrocheiro Preto is a red Portuguese wine grape variety planted primarily in the Dão DOC and Alentejano VR. The grape is known for the deep coloring it can add to wine blends. Under the name Baboso negro, it is considered a minor Spanish red grape variety, growing mainly in the provinces of Zamora and Salamanca, in the region of Castile and León. It is one of the authorized varieties of the La Gomera and El Hierro Denominación de Origen, in the Canary Islands (Spain).
Synonyms
Alfrocheiro Preto is also known under the synonyms Albarín Negro, Alfrocheiro, Alfurcheiro, Tinta Bastardinha, Tinta Francisca de Viseu, Bastardo negro, and Bruñal. The official name in Spain is Baboso negro.
See also
List of Portuguese grape varieties
References
Red wine grape varieties
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfrocheiro%20Preto
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Atherton Bag Lane railway station served the town of Atherton, Lancashire, England. It was located on the Bolton and Leigh Railway line which ran from Bolton Great Moor Street to Leigh Station and the Leeds and Liverpool Canal and later to Kenyon Junction.
History
The Bolton and Leigh Railway (B&LR) opened Bag Lane station as one of the original stations on the line on 11 June 1831. The B&LR became part of the Grand Junction Railway in 1845 which became part of the London and North Western Railway (L&NWR) in 1846.
The original "spartan" single platform station was constructed on the East side of the single track line in the centre of Bag Lane village, opposite the Railway Inn.
The station was renamed Atherton in 1847.
The station was rebuilt in 1880 when the line was doubled. The new station having two platforms with canopies. The platforms were accessed by an underground passage from a new road, Railway Street. There was an adjacent goods station capable of handling "Live Stock, Horse Boxes and Prize Cattle Vans". The goods yard was equipped with a 10 ton crane.
The L&NWR became part of the London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) during the Grouping in 1923.
The station was renamed Atherton Bag Lane on 2 June 1924 to distinguish it from Atherton Central on the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway.
It passed on to the London Midland Region of British Railways on nationalisation in 1948 and was closed by the British Transport Commission six years later.
The line closed to all traffic in the late 1960s and in 1970 the road was re-laid over its original path.
References
Sources
Further reading
External links
The station on a 1948 OS map via npe maps
The station via Disused Stations UK
The station and line via railwaycodes
Disused railway stations in the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan
Former London and North Western Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1831
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1954
Atherton, Greater Manchester
1831 establishments in England
1954 disestablishments in England
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atherton%20Bag%20Lane%20railway%20station
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Aspiran (or Aspiran noir) is a red French wine grape variety planted primarily in the Languedoc where it permitted under Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) regulations in the red and rosé wines of the Minervois AOC. Aspiran is a very old variety with a long history of producing light bodied and perfumed wines.
History
Before the phylloxera epidemic, Aspiran was common in Languedoc, in particular in Hérault, where it once represented one quarter of the plantations in this department. The grape variety is probably named after the town Aspiran in Hérault. The severe frost in 1956 killed off much of the then existing Aspiran plantations. In 1988, only remained, and the variety is usually not being replanted.
Other grape varieties
There are also several other grape varieties where Aspiran forms part of their name, including Aspiran blanc and Aspiran gris, but only Aspiran noir is simply called "Aspiran". Aspiran should not be confused with the Greek white grape variety Aspirant.
Synonyms
Aspiran noir is also known under the synonyms Aspiran, Aspiran Chernyi, Aspiran Csornüj, Aspirant, Epiran, Espiran, Peyral, Peyrar, Piran, Ribeyrenc, Riverain, Riveyrenc, Riveyrene, Spiran, Verdai, Verdal, and Verdal noir.
References
Red wine grape varieties
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspiran%20%28grape%29
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Simon Taylor is an artist / painter. Born in Gloucester, England on the 22 June 1969. Living in Lydney in the Forest of Dean then moving to Manchester and graduating in 1994 with degree in Fine Art.
He has exhibited nationally and internationally completing a number of solo exhibitions in public galleries and has exhibited in exhibitions in Manchester, London, Dublin, Milan, Brussels and Utrecht.
His works have been used for television productions and a variety of publications worldwide. His paintings are collected internationally and he has works in public collections after winning the prestigious Sefton Open art prize in 2006.
His painting process is complex: working from photographs taken from magazines, life and film stills. Each image is dis-assembled and de-constructed from the original source and context then re-assembled. The images are re-edited to create new narratives, which exist only on the painted surface of his works. Characters are given the freedom to interact with themselves and/or different backdrops, manipulating the time and space that they originally inhabited.
The finished works are painted using acrylic paint onto various surfaces including canvas, wood panels and aluminum.
"He takes a variety of subjects and treats them in different styles. It can be documentary, as his 'Scenes of Crime' and 'Disposables' series, impressionistic in 'Travel Pictures' or surreal in 'Self-Portrait as a Consumer'.
"So Do We Really Know What We Are Seeing", The Huddersfield Daily Examiner, 5 June 1998, page 15".
External links
Simon Taylor Official Website
Panter and Hall
People from Gloucester
1969 births
Living people
20th-century English painters
English male painters
21st-century English painters
20th-century English male artists
21st-century English male artists
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon%20Taylor%20%28artist%29
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Japhet Ndabeni Ncube is a Zimbabwean politician. He is also a commissioner at the Zimbabwean Human Rights Commission and chairs the Thematic Working group on Socio-Economic and Cultural Rights.
Early career
Ncube trained as a primary school teacher in the 1950s and taught at Njube Primary School from 1960 to 1963. He spent the next four years (1964 – 1968) in Zambia and Tanzania before going for further studies in Europe, beginning with a short stay in Germany where he completed his A Level equivalent before moving to the U.K.
Political life
He joined the Liberation Movement in the youth wing of the Zimbabwe African Peoples’ Union (ZAPU) and left the country for Zambia late in 1963. He was the mayor of Bulawayo, the second largest city in the country, from 2001 to 2008. He was a member of the MDC, and joined MDC-M during the split in that party. He unsuccessfully contested the Bulawayo Central national assembly seat, losing to the MDC-T candidate, Dorcas Sibanda.
Personal life
Ncube is married and has children, grandchildren and one great grandchild.
See also
List of mayors of Bulawayo
Timeline of Bulawayo
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Mayors of Bulawayo
People from Bulawayo
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japhet%20Ndabeni%20Ncube
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Tell Uqair (Tell Uquair, Tell Aqair) is a tell or settlement mound northeast of Babylon and about south of Baghdad in modern Babil Governorate, Iraq.
Archaeology
Tell Uqair is a small mound just north of Tell Ibrahim, the large mound marking the site of ancient Kutha. The topography consists of two sub-mounds separated by what is apparently the bed of an ancient canal. At maximum the hills are above the terrain line.
The site of Tell Uqair was excavated during World War II, in 1941 and 1942, by an Iraqi Directorate General of Antiquities team led by Seton Lloyd, with Taha Baqir and Fuad Safar. The buildings and artifacts discovered were primarily from the Ubaid period, the Uruk period, and the Jemdet Nasr period and included four Proto-Cuneiform tablets. A sounding was done by a team from the Heidelberg University in 1978.
History
The site of Tell Uqair first had significant occupation during the Ubaid period, and grew to its greatest extent during the Jemdet Nasr and Uruk periods. Some Early Dynastic graves and a scattering of Akkadian and Babylonian artifacts indicate the location continued in limited use up through the time of Nebuchadnezzar. Because of clay tablets found at the site, it is believed to be the ancient town of Urum. The toponym for Urum is written in cuneiform as ÚR×Ú.KI (cuneiform: 𒌱𒆠), URUM4 = ÚR×ḪA (cuneiform: 𒌯), besides ÚR×A.ḪA.KI (cuneiform: 𒌬𒆠), from earlier (pre-Ur III) ÚR.A.ḪA. It is known that during the 3rd millennium BC Urum was a cult site for the god Nanna. It is also known that Urum was between the cities of Kish and Sippar, which fits with Tell Uqair, and that under the Ur III empire on of the ensi2 was one Ur-Sin.
The most prominent discovery at Tell Uquair was the "Painted Temple", a large complex similar in design to the "White Temple" found at Uruk. Some of the original frescoes were still visible at the time of the excavation and were copied. Several frescoes were recovered intact and sent to the Baghdad Museum. The temple is believed to date to the Uruk or early Jemdet Nasr period. A small adjacent Jemdet Nasr temple was of somewhat later construction and contained large amounts of pottery from that period.
It has been suggested, based on a topnym, that the Blau Monuments originated at Tell Uqair.
See also
Cities of the ancient Near East
References
Further reading
Seton Lloyd, "Ur-Al `Ubaid, Uquair and Eridu, in Ur in Retrospect: In Memory of Sir Leonard Woolley", Iraq, vol. 22, pp. 23–31, 1960
M. W. Green, "Urum and Uqair", Acta Sumerologica, vol. 8, pp.77–83, 1986
Gilbert J. P. McEwan, "The Writing of Urum in Pre-Ur III Sources", Journal of Cuneiform Studies, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 56, Jan. 1981
External links
Legrain, Leon. "Tell ‘Uqair “Painted Temple”." Museum Bulletin X, no. 3-4 (June, 1944): pp. 39-39
Diagram of Tell Uqair at the University of Minnesota
Leopard painting from Tell Uqair at UM
Mosaic cones from Tell Uqair at UM
Digitized tablets from (and thought to be from) Tell Uqair at CDLI
1941 archaeological discoveries
Uqair
Uqair
Uqair
Ubaid period
Jemdet Nasr period]
Uruk period
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tell%20Uqair
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Scottish New Zealanders are New Zealanders of Scottish ancestry or who originate from Scotland. The number of New Zealanders who are descended from Scots is unknown, as the New Zealand census asks for ethnicity, not ancestry, and most have now assimilated; nonetheless, the vast majority of Pākehā, or European New Zealanders are of British and Irish descent, and it has been estimated that 1-2 million New Zealanders have roots in Scotland. This includes many Māori, as a large proportion of which have European roots as well. Most Scottish New Zealanders live in New Zealand's deep southern regions of Otago and Southland, New Zealand, where they have had a substantial influence. Scottish influence on Dunedin, one of New Zealand's most historically important cities was profound, and Presbyterianism is the major religion south of Christchurch. In some parts of Otago but all of Murihiku (also known as Southland in English), there is a distinct accent known as the "Southland Brrr", which differs from mainstream New Zealand English for being strongly rhotic.
Scottish migration to New Zealand dates back to the earliest period of European colonisation. However, identification as "British" or "European" New Zealanders can sometimes obscure their origin. The majority of Scottish immigrants settled in the South Island. All over New Zealand, the Scots developed different means to bridge the old homeland and the new. Many Caledonian societies were formed, well over 100 by the early twentieth century, who helped maintain Scottish culture and traditions. From the 1860s, these societies organised annual Caledonian Games throughout New Zealand. The Games were sports meets that brought together Scottish settlers and the wider New Zealand public. In so doing, the Games gave Scots a path to cultural integration as Scottish New Zealanders.
Numbers
Scottish-born of New Zealand per official census figures.
In 2013, the number of New Zealanders born in Scotland was recorded as 25,953, making it the eighth most common place of birth. This can be contrasted with the mid-20th century, e.g. in 1956, when the figure was 46,401, making Scotland the second most common place of birth. However, these figures only include people born in Scotland, not those New Zealanders who claim a Scottish identity through their parents, grandparents, or even further back. In addition, many New Zealanders come from mixed origins, with Scottish New Zealanders co-identifying as Māori or another ethnic group. In 2006, 15,039 self-identified as Scottish.
Scottish culture in New Zealand
Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand notes that in many cases, the distinctive cultural features of Scottish settlers often disappeared in a generation or two, being replaced with a British identity which consisted mostly of English culture:
After one generation in New Zealand the Irish and Gaelic languages disappeared, and a more generalised loyalty to Britain developed. School pupils learnt about the heroes of Britain and read British literature. Most of this was in fact English culture, although certain Scottish writers like Walter Scott had their place. Even the Irish, who followed the fortunes of their homeland politically, played the English game of rugby football. The sense of being Britons was a necessary prelude to becoming New Zealanders.
Today, if there can be said to be a "stronghold" of Scottish culture in New Zealand, it would be in the regions of Southland and Otago, although many of the place names around the Waikato region also bear links with Scotland (notably the city of Hamilton and town of Huntly).
Some of the following aspects of Scottish culture can still be found in some parts of New Zealand.
Bagpiping and pipe bands
Burns Supper
Ceilidhs
Highland games
Hogmanay, the Scottish New Year
Presbyterianism – the majority of Scottish settlers were Presbyterian (although a substantial number were not).
Tartan, some regions having their own tartan, such as Otago. Additionally Scottish dress is worn by some New Zealanders to celebrate their ancestral heritage.
Tartan Day, which in New Zealand falls on 1 July, the date of the repeal proclamation in 1782 of the Act of Proscription that banned the wear of Scottish national dress.
Some parts of South Island have a rhotic accent called Southland burr, reflecting an influence from Lowland Scots and Scottish English, although this is less pronounced than in Scotland itself.
The Scottish Gaelic language and culture did not fare well. Turakina in Wanganui was originally settled by Gaelic speakers, but there is not much trace other than annual Highland games.
In the past, Scottish army regiments have been raised from New Zealand, such as the New Zealand Scottish Regiment, and their successor units still exist in the New Zealand Army. According to Collins Encyclopaedia of Scotland:
New Zealand contains two battalions of New Zealand Scottish affiliated to the Black Watch. Their forerunners include a number of Highland Companies, and the Dunedin Highland Rifles
The Otago and Southland Regiment is still linked to the Highlanders in the British Army.
Otago and Southland Province
The Otago Settlement, sponsored by the Free Church of Scotland, materialised in March 1848 with the arrival of the first two immigrant ships from Greenock on the Firth of Clyde – the John Wickliffe and the Philip Laing. Captain William Cargill, a veteran of the Peninsular War, served as the colony's first leader: Otago citizens subsequently elected him to the office of Superintendent.
Provincial government in New Zealand ceased in 1876, and the national limelight gradually shifted northwards. The colony divided itself into counties in 1876, two in Otago being named after the Scottish independence heroes Wallace and Bruce.
Originally part of Otago Province, Southland Province (a small part of the present Region, centred on Invercargill) was one of the provinces of New Zealand from 1861 until 1870. It rejoined Otago Province due to financial difficulties, and the provinces were abolished entirely in 1876.
In 1856, a petition was put forward to Thomas Gore Browne, the Governor of New Zealand, for a port at Bluff. Browne agreed to the petition and gave the name Invercargill to the settlement north of the port. Inver comes from the Scots Gaelic word inbhir meaning a river's mouth and Cargill is in honour of Captain William Cargill, who was at the time the Superintendent of Otago, of which Southland was then a part.
Dunedin
The Lay Association of the Free Church of Scotland founded Dunedin at the head of Otago Harbour in 1848 as the principal town of its Scottish settlement. The name comes from Dùn Èideann, the Scottish Gaelic name for Edinburgh, the Scottish capital. Charles Kettle the city's surveyor, instructed to emulate the characteristics of Edinburgh, produced a striking, 'Romantic' design. The result was both grand and quirky streets as the builders struggled and sometimes failed to construct his bold vision across the challenging landscape. Captain William Cargill, a veteran of the war against Napoleon, was the secular leader. The Reverend Thomas Burns, a nephew of the poet Robert Burns, was the spiritual guide.
The Octagon was first laid out during Charles Kettle's surveying of the city in 1846. His plans for the centre of Dunedin included a large Octagonal area (Moray Place) enclosing a smaller octagonal shape, originally designated as a reserve. Despite the reserve status, the Church of England sought to build in the centre of the Octagon, applying directly to Governor Sir George Grey. It was not until building was about to commence that the local (predominantly Scottish and Presbyterian) community became aware of what was happening. This resulted in a major furore within the city. Otago Superintendent William Cargill was put in charge of the dispute, resulting in the Anglicans being forced to withdraw their plans for The Octagon (The Anglican St. Paul's Cathedral stands today at the northern edge of The Octagon).
Many of the suburbs of Dunedin are named after their Edinburgh equivalents.
Otago Highlanders
Dunedin's main rugby team are called The Highlanders. The name Highlanders was chosen after the early Scottish settlers in the lower South Island. These Scottish settlers were the founders of Dunedin—known as the "Edinburgh of the South", and the city where the Highlanders are based. According to the Highlanders official website: " The name and image of the Highlander conjures up visions of fierce independence, pride in one's roots, loyalty, strength, kinship, honesty, and hard work." The colours of the Highlanders encompasses the provincial colours of North Otago, Otago, and Southland; yellow, blue and maroon. Blue is also the predominant colour of the Flag of Scotland, and is used by many sports teams in that country.
University of Otago
Dunedin founders Thomas Burns and James Macandrew urged the Otago Provincial Council during the 1860s to set aside a land endowment for an institute of higher education. An ordinance of the council established the university in 1869, giving it of land, and the power to grant degrees in Arts, Medicine, Law and Music. Burns was named Chancellor, but he did not live to see the university open on 5 July 1871. The university issued just one degree before becoming an affiliate college of the federal University of New Zealand in 1874. With the dissolving of the University of New Zealand in 1961 and passage of the University of Otago Amendment Act 1961, the university regained authority to confer degrees.
The University's coat of arms was granted by the Lord Lyon King of Arms on 21 January 1948, and features a yellow saltire, on blue.
Notable Scottish New Zealanders
See also – :Category:New Zealand people of Scottish descent
Janet Frame, author.
William Cargill (28 August 1924 – 29 January 2004)
John Barr, poet, wrote in Lallans
Norman McLeod (minister)
Katie Sadleir, Olympian, born Torphins
Elizabeth Yates (mayor)
Alistair Campbell (poet)
James Keir Baxter, writer
Winston Peters, New Zealand First politician, of Scottish and Māori roots.
Minnie Dean (1844–1895) murderer, and the only woman to receive the death penalty in New Zealand, born Greenock.
James Mckenzie, possibly born in Ross-shire, Scotland, in 1820 was a New Zealand outlaw who has become one of the country's most enduring folk heroes. The Mackenzie Basin in the central South Island is named for him.
Kate Sheppard, suffragist, born in Liverpool, England to Scottish parents.
George Smith Duncan, engineer
Elizabeth Grace Neill, lobbied for passage of laws requiring training and registration of nurses and midwives in New Zealand.
Bret McKenzie, one-half of the comedy duo Flight of the Conchords
Calum Hood, bassist in 5 Seconds of Summer
John Logan Campbell, politician
Prime Ministers
Many of the prime ministers of New Zealand have been of Scottish descent. They include:
Robert Stout (1844–1930), born Lerwick
Thomas Mackenzie (1854–1930), born Edinburgh
Peter Fraser (1884–1950), born Tain
Edward Stafford (politician), on three occasions in the mid-19th century, born Edinburgh.
Sir John Ross Marshall (New Zealand politician), (1912-1988)
"Kilted Kiwis"
"Kilted Kiwi" is a nickname given to New Zealanders who would go on to play in the Scotland national rugby union team. They have had a mixed reception, but have included some notable players. The original "kilted Kiwi" was Sean Lineen. However one of the first New Zealand born Scotland players was Andrew Alexander Bonar Lindsay, who played 2 tests in 1910-11. To qualify, they either have to have at least one Scottish parent or grandparent.
Other so-called "kilted Kiwis" apart from Sean Lineen have included:
Brendan Laney
John Leslie
Martin Leslie
Glenn Metcalfe
Gordon Simpson
Sean Maitland
John Hardie
Blair Cowan
Hugh Blake
Grayson Hart
However, this has not always been a one way trade. At least one All Black was born in Scotland – Angus Stuart.
Scottish placenames
There are Scottish placenames all over New Zealand, but they tend to be concentrated in the southern part of South Island. Notable Scottish placenames in New Zealand include:
North Island
Hamilton
Huntly
Napier
South Island
Dunedin, from Dun Eideann, the Scottish Gaelic for Edinburgh. The town was originally to be called "New Edinburgh". Many of its street and suburb names mirror those of Edinburgh.
Invercargill, from "Inver" meaning a river mouth (an anglicisation of the Scottish Gaelic Inbhir), plus "Cargill"
Balclutha, from Baile Chluaidh meaning the town on the Clutha River (Abhainn Chluaidh – River Clyde)
Lammerlaw Range (mountains)
Lammermoor Range (mountains)
The Grampians (mountains)
Oban, the "capital" and only town of Stewart Island/Rakiura
Ulva Island
Water of Leith (river)
Many of the artificial lakes that have been formed as part of the Waitaki River hydroelectric scheme have also been given Scottish names, among them Lake Benmore and Lake Aviemore.
The South Island also contains the Strath-Taieri and the Ben Ohau Range of mountains, both combining Scots Gaelic and Māori origins. Invercargill has the appearance of a Scottish name, since it combines the Scottish prefix "Inver" (Inbhir), meaning a river's mouth, with "Cargill", the name of a Scottish official. (Many of Invercargill's main streets are named after Scottish rivers: Dee, Tay, Spey, Esk, Don, Doon, Clyde, etc.). Inchbonnie is a hybrid of Lowland Scots and Scottish Gaelic.
In popular culture
An Angel at My Table (1990), is a fictionalised film version of Janet Frame's autobiographical works, and deals with her family life.
Black Sheep (2006), a comedy horror, which features the Oldfields, a family of Scottish New Zealanders who live on a farm called "Glenolden". The villain is called Angus, and it also features a scene in which haggis is being made.
A novel based partly on James Mckenzie's life, Chandler's Run, by Denise Muir, was published in 2008.
The Piano (1993) tells the story of a silent but strongwilled Scotswoman, Ada McGrath (played by Holly Hunter), whose father arranges a marriage to New Zealand frontiersman Alistair Stewart (portrayed by Sam Neill).
See also
Demographics of New Zealand
Immigration to New Zealand
Europeans in Oceania
European New Zealanders
History of New Zealand
Pākehā
References
Further reading
Bueltmann, Tanja. "'No Colonists are more Imbued with their National Sympathies than Scotchmen,'" New Zealand Journal of History (2009) 43#2 pp 169–181 online
McCarthy, Angela, Scottishness and Irishness in New Zealand since 1840 Manchester University Press, 2011.
McCarthy, Angela, Personal narratives of Irish and Scottish migration, 1921–65 : 'for spirit and adventure''' Manchester University Press, 2007.
Patterson, Brad; Brooking, Tom; McAloon, Jim, Unpacking the kists: the Scots in New Zealand Otago University Press, 2013.
External links
The Scots In New Zealand from the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Scots entry in Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand Stories of homecoming: The incredible journey article in The Scotsman'' (2008)
Scottish Emigration Database from the University of Aberdeen
European diaspora in New Zealand
Scottish diaspora by country
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish%20New%20Zealanders
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Baga is a red Portuguese wine grape variety planted primarily in the Bairrada DOC. As a varietal, Baga produces tannic wines with high acidity.
Synonyms
Baga is also known under the synonyms Baga de Louro, Baguinha, Bairrada, Bairrado Tinta, Baya, Carrasquenho, Carrega Burros, Goncalveira, Morete, Moreto, Paga Dividas, Poeirinha, Poeirinho, Povolide, Preiinho, Pretinho, Preto Rifete, Rifete, Rosete, Tinta Bairrada, Tinta Bairradina, Tinta da Bairrada, Tinta de Baga, and Tinta Fina.
See also
List of Portuguese grape varieties
References
Red wine grape varieties
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baga%20%28grape%29
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Eastern Orthodoxy in Uganda refers to adherents and religious communities of Eastern Orthodox Christianity in Uganda. Majority of Eastern Orthodox Christians in Uganda are under ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Eastern Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria and all Africa.
According to the 2014 census, members of the Eastern Orthodox church made up 0.15% of the population.
Organization
Historically, Uganda was among the first Sub-Saharan countries where Eastern Orthodox Christian communities began to form.
Currently there are nine deaneries which are united into a Metropolis headed by Metropolitan Jerome Muzeeyi, who succeeded Jonah Lwanga in 2021. The headquarters is in Namungoona, a neighborhood of the capital Kampala.
In 2022, the clergy consisted of over 76 priests and 5 deacons working across 100 communities, 41 church building, 17 medical clinics and the Holy Cross Orthodox Church Mission Hospital.
Approximately 500,000 Ugandans claim Orthodox baptism. Many parishes have schools, day and boarding schools. Tuition, accommodation and meals are paid for by parents or by the Church through support of sponsors from outside Uganda. The Church schools are administered by the Church management but follow the Ugandan Education system as by the Ugandan ministry of Education. Orthodox students who have been sponsored through the Church, usually return to teach in Church schools, but others also leave to teach at non-Orthodox schools. One of the more developed parishes is St. Antonios, Monde, near Wobulenzi. Father Antonios Mutyaba is the priest of that parish. At Monde there are a primary and secondary school, a hospital, a church of Saint Anthony the Great, and a female monastery (St. Mary of Egypt) with two sisters. Sister Maria is one of the first four young women who expressed an interest in monasticism in Uganda.
The Russian Orthodox Church also has a mission parish, the Annunciation Orthodox Church on Bukasa Island in Lake Victoria. The parish was founded in 1983, and now is under the spiritual Omophore of Metropolitan Hilarion of ROCOR. Father Christopher Walusimbi is the parish priest. He has taken care of orphans and operates an ambulance service and was instrumental in the establishment of a school and a medical clinic. Both the school and clinic were dedicated to Saint Panteleimon of Nicomedia, but the Ugandan government assumed control and secularized them. The clinic which was started by Fr. Gerasimos in 1983 was abandoned after his expulsion from Uganda in 1988, however the use of aid from the Japanese government finished the clinic. Fr. Christopher planned and built the stone church building which is topped by a multi-colored Russian onion dome.
See also
Religion in Uganda
Eastern Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria
Chrysostomos Papasarantopoulos
Jonah (Lwanga) of Kampala
George Alexander McGuire
African Orthodox Church (non-canonical)
Raphael Morgan
References
The original article is based on a translated Russian article Православие в Уганде, where sources for the data are stated.
Further reading
Metropolitan Makarios (Tillyrides). Adventures in the Unseen. Orthodox Research Institute, 2004. 548 pp.
Metropolitan Makarios (Tillyrides). The Origin of Orthodoxy in East Africa. Orthodox Research Institute.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern%20Orthodoxy%20in%20Uganda
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Miriam Christine Borg is a Maltese pop and rhythm and blues singer best known for representing Malta in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996.
Miriam Christine was born in Santo Antônio do Descoberto, Goiás, Brazil but raised on the Mediterranean island of Gozo. She took part in various singing festivals before winning the Song for Europe Festival and representing Malta in the 1996 Eurovision Song Contest with the song In a Woman’s Heart.
On the night of the contest, held in Oslo, she was backed by 3 vocalists-one of whom was Georgina Abela, the wife of the composer and a former contestant. In the beginning of the voting Malta was among the top 5 but gradually fell to 10th place with 68 points.
Recent projects
Miriam Christine remains active as a singer in her native country, performing in weddings and on local television shows. In 2008 she formed The Gozo Children’s Choir and performed during the Malta Gay Pride celebrations.
Discography
Singles
Albums
See also
Malta in the Eurovision Song Contest
References
External links
The official site of the Eurovision Song Contest
1978 births
Living people
Maltese people of Brazilian descent
20th-century Maltese women singers
20th-century Maltese singers
Eurovision Song Contest entrants for Malta
Eurovision Song Contest entrants of 1996
People from Goiás
21st-century Maltese women singers
21st-century Maltese singers
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miriam%20Christine
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The 1977 FA Charity Shield was the 55th FA Charity Shield, an annual football match played between the winners of the previous season's First Division and FA Cup competitions. The match was played on 13 August 1977 at Wembley Stadium and contested by Liverpool, who had won the 1976–77 First Division, and Manchester United, who had won the 1976–77 FA Cup. The teams played out a goalless draw and shared the Charity Shield.
Match details
See also
1976–77 Football League
1976–77 FA Cup
External links
Report at lfchistory.net
1977
Charity Shield 1977
Charity Shield 1977
Charity Shield
FA Charity Shield
Fa Charity Shield
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1977%20FA%20Charity%20Shield
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This is a list of notable members of the Phi Beta Kappa who have Wikipedia biographies.
Notable members elected as undergraduates
Honorary members
Fictional members
Ellis Loew, fictional District Attorney in James Ellroy's novels The Black Dahlia, The Big Nowhere, and L.A. Confidential, is a member and he shows his key several times.
Thomas Crown, title character of the movie The Thomas Crown Affair, toys with his golden Phi Beta Kappa key which he is wearing on a chain. It is stated that he is an alumnus of Dartmouth College and Harvard Business School.
Richard Sumner, the main character of the movie Desk Set (1957), is mentioned as a member when Bunny Watson (Katharine Hepburn) reels off Sumner's character's accomplishments and says that he's a graduate of M.I.T. with a Ph.D. in Science and a Phi Beta Kappa, although he doesn't wear his key, which means either that he's modest or he lost it.
Harry Bailey in the movie It's a Wonderful Life (1946) is greeted at the train station by George and Uncle Billy as “Professor Phi Beta Kappa Harry Bailey,” implying he is a member.
Charley Bordelon West in TV show Queen Sugar is a member. This is referenced when she has to correct someone who incorrectly refers to it as a social fraternity.
Rory Gilmore, the title character of the TV show Gilmore Girls, is referenced as a member of Emily and Richard Gilmore's graduation musical duo.
Emily Sweeney in TV show The Big Bang Theory is revealed as a Phi Beta Kappa member. It is said to have been apparent on her online dating profile viewed by Rajesh Koothrappali. Also, Sheldon Cooper has a frame of Phi Beta Kappa in his office, suggesting that he is a member.
Gavin Stevens, the protagonist of several pieces by William Faulkner exhibits the Phi Beta Kappa key from Harvard in the stories "Hand Upon the Water", "An Error in Chemistry" and "Knight's Gambit".
Niles Crane of the TV show Frasier is a member.
Greg Sanders of the TV show CSI: Crime Scene Investigation is a member.
References
Lists of members of United States student societies
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Phi%20Beta%20Kappa%20members
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Dr. Jimmi Clay is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera Doctors, portrayed by Adrian Lewis Morgan. The actor joined the cast shortly after his role in Holby City came to an end. Morgan was a fan of the soap and was pleased to audition for a regular part. He made his first appearance during the episode broadcast on 5 September 2005 and has gone on to become the programme's longest serving cast member. Upon his introduction, Jimmi is portrayed as being recently separated from his wife and being new to the medical profession. Jimmi has obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) and Morgan carried out his own research into the disorder to help his portrayal. He later admitted that Jimmi's OCD had begun to impact his own life.
Producers introduced the character's former wife shortly after his arrival, and he later established relationships with detective Eva Moore (Angela Lonsdale) and Cherry Malone (Sophie Abelson), the latter of whom he married. After "a bit of a lull" concerning storylines, Jimmi became the focus of a major storyline which sees him wrongfully arrested and imprisoned for several months. The storyline saw a specially built prison set and Morgan was excited to be given the storyline as it felt different for himself and the soap itself. Morgan has received several award nominations for his portrayal of Jimmi, including Best Male Dramatic Performance at the British Soap Awards, and in 2020, he was announced as the winner of the Male Acting Performance award at the RTS Midlands Awards.
Casting
Adrian Lewis Morgan joined the cast of Doctors in 2005, shortly after appearing in Holby City as nurse Liam Evans. He told Kris Green of Digital Spy that he knew some of the casting directors from his time working on Holby City, and admitted that he was a fan of the show before his casting, having watched it during his college years, so he was pleased to audition for a regular part. Comparing it to his previous roles, Morgan said: "As far as TV's concerned, this is a bigger role for me dialogue-wise. With Holby, I had a smaller part so [now] it's more work and it's very fast. The way we film is very quick so you do spend a lot of the spare time you have off work actually working so it's not really spare time, you're learning scripts but it balances itself out." Morgan has gone on to become the soap's longest serving cast member.
Development
Characterisation
Morgan described his character as "very charming, fairly new to the profession and just split up with his wife. I would say that he's a good doctor, and he suffers with OCD (Obsessive Compulsive Disorder)." Morgan carried out some research into OCD to help his portrayal, which included watching television documentaries and speaking with his father, who was a senior social worker. Jimmi's backstory also established that he suffered the death of his mother and has claustrophobia. In 2011, Morgan explained to WalesOnline's Rachel Mainwaring that Jimmi's OCD had impacted his own life and he often catches himself checking car door locks and light switches. He commented: "I suppose it's inevitable that I am like him as I've been playing him so long." Morgan also said that he shares some personality traits with his character, but he pointed out that they have very different styles, as he prefers casual clothes, while Jimmi is often seen dressed in a suit. Roz Laws of the Birmingham Mail observed that Jimmi is "a favourite with patients and colleagues".
Relationships
Producers introduced the character's wife Amanda Clay (Emma Samms) in late 2005. Amanda, a complementary therapist, is older than Jimmi, which Samms initially found flattering, until the other characters were scripted to show their disbelief at Jimmi being married to her. Jimmi and Amanda's marriage is strained and she allows him to "fool around" with other women, as she believes that he will stay with her. Amanda leaves after falsely claiming that she has cancer. Samms reprised the role in 2018 as Amanda returns to Letherbridge following the death of her husband. Samms told Inside Soap'''s Allison Jones that Amanda initially wants to see how Jimmi is doing and does not let him know she is back straight away. She also said: "Amanda is actually in a very desperate place, and she needs help." It emerges that she is in "a bitter dispute" with her late husband's children over the will.
In 2007, Jimmi receives a new love interest in detective Eva Moore (Angela Lonsdale). Series producer Peter Lloyd was a fan of the couple, saying: "They're so good together; we could never keep them apart for long, could we? Or am I just being soppy? Any excuse to hear that lovely Lewis Morgan voice!" He also believed that Morgan and Lonsdale's good working relationship came across well on-screen. Lloyd was keen to explore Jimmi's commitment issues with the relationship and hinted that things would "get very dark for Jimmi and Eva.
Writers later established a romantic relationship between Jimmi and his colleague Cherry Malone (Sophie Abelson). Jimmi saves Cherry from drowning in a lake and gives her mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, leaving her "smitten" by his selfless act. Cherry has been developing feelings for Jimmi for a number of weeks, so when he visits her in the hospital, she asks him out on a date and he accepts. Abelson and Morgan filmed the lake scenes in a tank at Pinewood Studios. Lloyd named it the year's biggest challenge, and he said he was proud of the way Abelson and Morgan pulled it off. The characters were married two years later. In the lead up to the wedding, Cherry becomes a bridezilla as she wants the perfect wedding, while Jimmi worries about the cost. The day before the wedding, Zara Carmichael (Elisabeth Dermot Walsh) goes into premature labour and Cherry delivers her son, which changes things for couple. Abelson explained, "I think it just puts everything into perspective for Cherry and Jimmi. Their main concern is whether Zara and Daniel's baby will survive."
The marriage is soon tested by Jimmi's desire to start a family and Cherry's affair with Daniel Granger (Matthew Chambers), which he threatens to reveal. A month later, Abelson departed the cast to pursue new roles. On-screen, Cherry and Jimmi's marriage "implodes", as Jimmi discovers the affair. He initially "holds it together", but he loses his temper when he learns that Cherry has secretly been taking contraception, despite their plans for a family. Abelson found the scenes "quite excruciating" to play out, knowing that Jimmi had been innocent throughout the storyline and was unaware of the truth. She said: "I felt really sick and uncomfortable, which obviously is how Cherry felt too." Talking to Daniel Kilkelly of Digital Spy, Abelson explained that towards the end, Cherry had started to realise that her idea of the perfect marriage was not what it initially was. Abelson also thought that it was interesting that Cherry and Jimmi were put together, saying they were "always two very different people".
Hermione Benford (Rebekah Manning) became Jimmi's love interest in 2014. After Zara turns down his romantic advances, Jimmi struggles with the compulsion to wash his hands. He attends an OCD support group and meets "kindred spirit" Hermione. Jimmi likes the "outlandish" ways she uses to deal with her condition. The relationship ends when Jimmi learns Hermione has kissed his friend Al Haskey (Ian Midlane). Still affected by Cherry's betrayal, Jimmi tells Hermione that he cannot forgive any infidelity. He also realises that they making their illnesses worse by being together.
Nephew
Jimmi is shocked when nephew Will Hurran (Robin Morrissey) turns up on his doorstep and the pair catch up, with Jimmi offering him a room in his house. Will does not know Jimmi has OCD and his messy habits annoy Jimmi. Will introduces Jimmi to his girlfriend Erin Anderson (Laura Ainsworth), but when she flirts with Jimmi, he begins to suspect they are not a real couple, and that Will is gay. The pair stay at Emma Reid's (Dido Miles) bed and breakfast, and Emma tells Jimmi that she believes that Will and Erin are a real couple. However, Will later reveals that he is gay and that Erin is his best friend. After a long shift, Will goes back to Jimmi's house, leaving his belongings scattered around, not knowing Jimmi has just cleaned. Jimmi snaps at Will, who makes fun of Jimmi for cleaning so much. Jimmi opens up about his OCD and Will agrees to take more consideration with the house. Will tells Jimmi that he is going on a date, who is shocked to learn that Will is seeing Ben Galadima (Michael Fatogun), Jimmi's colleague.
Arrest and imprisonment
Towards the end of 2019, the character was the focus of a major storyline that saw him arrested for heroin possession. Following a shift as forensic medical examiner, Jimmi is approached by the Major Crime Squad who ask to search his car. They find a large amount of heroin and take him into the station for questioning. A show spokesperson told Allison Jones of Inside Soap that Jimmi is left "speechless" by the discovery, as it is the last thing he was expecting them to find. Jimmi initially waives his right to a solicitor, as he believes the situation is a misunderstanding, but soon accepts that he is in trouble. The spokesperson said, "He agrees to a solicitor and tries to be more compliant – yet his nightmare is far from over..." Meanwhile, Valerie Pitman (Sarah Moyle) has to open the Mill for the police to conduct a search, and Jimmi makes his situation worse by talking to a witness, which is a breach of his bail conditions. The storyline revisited part of the character's past, as he is brought before a judge that he has clashed with before.
Morgan explained that he was "excited" about Jimmi's storyline, as it was very different from what the show usually does. He admitted that things had been quiet for Jimmi storyline-wise, calling it "a bit of a lull for him", so he hoped the viewers would "get on board" and enjoy the storyline. Jimmi spends Christmas in prison and Morgan told Jones that this makes his "downward spiral" worse. He also commented that "he's not doing brilliantly well." Morgan explained that a lack of visitors and being cut off from his friends takes its toll on Jimmi, who begins to feel alone, saying "he's lost faith in everyone around him." The prison scenes were filmed on a specially constructed set, which meant Morgan spent a lot of time away from the rest of the cast. He also kept away from the Mill and Campus sets, which helped him to understand Jimmi's feelings of being alone.
Relationship with Maeve Ludlow
Writers paired Jimmi with nurse prescriber Maeve Ludlow (Clelia Murphy) in 2022. Simon Timblick of What to Watch noted that it had been a while since Jimmi "last enjoyed a bit of romance". Their initial scenes see Jimmi comforting Maeve, who is stressed about trying to get her mother into a care home. Maeve "practically bites his head off" due to her stress, but later apologises for her harsh attitude. An Inside Soap'' writer noticed that the pair had good chemistry together, and observed that it "sizzles" when they find themselves working together late one night. A power cut brings them closer and they attempt a kiss, but they end up banging heads, leaving an "embarrassed" Jimmi to confesses all to Al. The pair later flirt, but are too afraid to make a move on each other, so after "a gentle push from some of their co-workers", they decide to go on a date together. Their relationship "continues to blossom" when Jimmi surprises Maeve by taking her to crazy golf for their second date, where her competitive side emerges.
Reception
For his portrayal of Jimmi, Morgan was nominated for Best Daytime Star at the Inside Soap Awards in 2010 and 2015. He was included on the longlist for the Best Actor accolade at the 2015 British Soap Awards. The following year, Morgan was nominated for Best Male Dramatic Performance. In 2019, Morgan and Ian Midlane were nominated for Best On-Screen Partnership. In 2020, Morgan won the Acting Performance – Male accolade at the Royal Television Society Midlands Awards. In 2023, he was nominated for the British Soap Award for Best Leading Performer.
Abelson said there was "quite a mixed response" from viewers to the pairing of Cherry and Jimmi, as he has a lot of fans, and the female viewers were "quite precious" about him. Jimmi's kidnap at the hands of two patients was not a popular storyline with viewers, who said the show had "lost the plot and it was too ridiculous." However, executive producer Will Trotter revealed that it contributed to a ratings increase.
References
External links
Jimmi Clay at BBC Online
Doctors (2000 TV series) characters
Fictional British medical doctors
Fictional characters with obsessive–compulsive disorder
Fictional therapists
British male characters in television
Television characters introduced in 2005
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmi%20Clay
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Mangri is a village development committee in Mugu District in the Karnali Zone of north-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 898 people living in 181 individual households.
References
External links
UN map of the municipalities of Mugu District
Populated places in Mugu District
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangri
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Alexander Gordon (1755) was a Scottish antiquary and singer. His survey of Roman sites, the Itinerarium Septentrionale, was considered an essential reference by all Roman antiquaries of his time.
Early life and education
Gordon was born at Aberdeen, Scotland, not later than 1692. After earning an M.A. at the University of Aberdeen, where he distinguished himself by his classical attainments, he resided for a time in the city, eking out a living as a teacher of languages and music. He also painted portraits in oil. He afterwards visited the continent, at first probably as a tutor, and returned home an excellent French and Italian scholar, and with a good knowledge of art and antiquities. He told William Stukeley that when at Capua with Sir George Byng (afterwards Viscount Torrington) "they sav'd the fine amphitheatre there, the 3rd in the world, which the Germans were going to pull down to repair the fortifications, by speaking to the governor & viceroy at Naples." He studied music in Italy, and when in London he occasionally sang in opera, and among his countrymen was known as "Singing Sandie." At one time he appears to have been an itinerant teacher of music, more especially while collecting the materials for his Itinerarium, some time before 1720.
Survey of Roman ruins
In 1720 Stukeley, in his Account of a Roman Temple [Arthur's Oon] and other antiquities near Graham's Dike in Scotland, expressed his wonder that no Scotsman had hitherto investigated the Roman antiquities of the country. "This," says Gordon, "was sufficient excitement for me to proceed still more vigorously in collecting what I had begun." During three successive years he visited different parts of Scotland and Northumberland, exploring, drawing, and measuring ancient remains, at much cost and
some hardship. Liberal patrons, however, were not wanting, such as the Duke of Queensberry, to whom the work was subsequently dedicated, the Earl of Pembroke, the Earl of Findlater, the Earl of Hertford, and Viscount Bateman, whose cabinet of curiosities he was often enabled to enrich during his travels at home and abroad, Edward Chandler, then bishop of Lichfield, and Duncan Forbes of Culloden, at that time lord advocate. His great patron was Sir John Clerk of Penicuik, Edinburghshire. Gordon was a frequent guest at Old Penicuik House, where he had access to a splendid museum of antiquities, and was accompanied by Clerk in his Northumbrian explorations, as well as in others nearer home. The work, which had been largely subscribed for, appeared as Itinerarium Septentrionale; or, a Journey thro' most of the Counties of Scotland, and those in the North of England. . . . Part 1. Containing an Account of all the Monuments of Roman Antiquity. . . . Part 2. An Account of the Danish Invasions on Scotland . . . With sixty-six copperplates [and an appendix]. In this laborious work Gordon proved himself an honest, painstaking antiquary.
Though his theories have long since been exploded, he has preserved records of earthworks, inscriptions, and relics of various kinds, of which but for him all knowledge would have been lost. The appendix derived its chief
value from a learned correspondence concerning ancient sepulchral rites in Britain between Sir John Clerk and Roger Gale which Gordon here made public, greatly to their annoyance. He apologises for the inelegant illustrations of his Itinerarium. On page 188 of the Itinerarium Gordon announced his intention of issuing in a few days proposals for engraving by subscription A Compleat View of the Roman Walls in Britain. It is much to be regretted that for want of the necessary funds this survey, with drawings of all the inscriptions and altars discovered, should not have appeared.
Later life in Scotland and England
Gordon now attempted to give practical effect to a project for cutting a navigable canal between the Firth of Clyde and the Firth of Forth. The scheme, however, was not new to the government, who considered that the profits would not answer the charge. Gordon's circumstances, always narrow, were not improved by the prosecution of projects which never repaid him. According to John Whiston, the London bookseller, he was for some time in partnership with John Wilcox, a bookseller in the Strand, "but his education, temper, and manners did not suit him for a trade. . . .Poverty tempted him to dishonesty," or perhaps want of business habits may have rendered him careless in regard to money transactions. His next publication was The Lives of Pope Alexander VI and his son Cæsar Borgia; comprehending the Wars in the Reigns of Charles VIII and Lewis XII, Kings of France, and the chief Transactions and Revolutions in Italy from . . . 1492 to ... 1506. With an Appendix of original Pieces referred to in the book. The volume contains portraits of Alexander VI and of Cæsar Borgia, the former probably etched by the author. In 1751 a French version appeared at Amsterdam. A solitary dramatic attempt, Lupone, or the Inquisitor: a comedy, was deemed by the managers to be too classical for representation. He was more successful with a translation of the De Amphitheatro of Francesco Scipione, marchese di Maffei, published as A Compleat History of the Ancient Amphitheatres, more peculiarly regarding the Architecture of these Buildings, and in particular that of Verona. . . . Adorned with Sculptures [25 plates]; also, some Account of this learned Work.
Between 1731 and 1732 Gordon had made some additions to his Itinerarium Septentrionale, of which a Latin edition was being prepared in Holland. This never appeared, but Gordon printed the supplement he had prepared for it in a separate form, entitled Additions and Corrections by way of Supplement to the Itinerarium Septentrionale, containing several dissertations on, and descriptions of, Roman Antiquities discovered in Scotland since the publishing the said Itinerary. Together with Observations on other Ancient Monuments found in the North of England. Never before publish'd. In 1736 Gordon was appointed secretary to the Society for the Encouragement of Learning, with an annual salary of £50. In the same year he succeeded Stukeley as secretary to the Society of Antiquaries, of which he had been elected a fellow on 17 February 1725.
It was probably through Stukeley's influence that he also obtained the secretaryship of the Egyptian Society, of which Stukeley was one of the founders, and thus had a new bent given to his researches. Gordon published two very learned treatises wherein he undertook to solve the mysteries of hieroglyphics and to illustrate "all the Egyptian mummies in England." Their titles are An Essay towards explaining the Hieroglyphical Figures on the Coffin of the Ancient Mummy belonging to Capt. William Lethieullier. (An Essay towards explaining the antient Hieroglyphical Figures on the Egyptian Mummy in the Museum of Doctor Mead). The letterpress is explanatory of three only of the twenty-five plates, and the remainder never appeared. The manuscript, along with the drawings, was apparently in the sale of Sir Charles Frederick's library in July 1786. In the second essay the author mentions another work, as "nearly ready," An Essay towards illustrating the History, Chronology, and Mythology of the Ancient Egyptians, from the earliest ages on record, till the Dissolution of their Empire, near the Times of Alexander. It was not, however, completed until 6 July 1741. By that time Gordon had resigned his secretaryships. He was married, and no doubt found his income insufficient. Whiston says that Gordon having been found deficient in his accounts was dismissed from the Society for the Encouragement of Learning, and his effects seized on.
Life in South Carolina
Gordon sailed for South Carolina in August 1741, as secretary to James Glen, F.S.A., the newly appointed governor of that province. There he eventually prospered. From the recorded copy of a deed still extant at Charleston it appears that one Hamerton, the registrar of the province, farmed out his office to Gordon, and by this deed appointed him his attorney to transact all the business and receive all the fees of the office. There is also among the recorded conveyances one of a large lot of land in Charleston to him, dated 28 March 1746; and in his will he devised to his son and daughter a lot of land in Ansonborough, South Carolina, and all the houses erected thereon. He still kept up a desultory correspondence with Sir John Clerk, to whom he confessed himself "vastly weary" of colonial life. To the Royal Society he sent an elaborate description of the natural history of South Carolina, which was not read until 25 May 1758. Nor was it printed in the Philosophical Transactions.
On 22 August 1754 Gordon, "being sick and weak of body," made his will at Charleston. To his son, Alexander, an attorney of Charleston, he bequeathed his own portrait, painted by himself, together with other of his paintings. He also strictly enjoined him to publish his manuscript Essay towards illustrating the History of ... the Ancient Egyptians. The essay was never printed, and is preserved in the British Museum, having been purchased in March 1831. Gordon's wife is not mentioned in his will. He died before 23 July 1755, when the devisees under his will executed a conveyance of land in South Carolina. His daughter, Frances Charlotte Gordon, appears to have been married, on 30 May 1763 to John Troup, a Charleston attorney. None of his descendants are now known to survive in South Carolina. The traditions of the Penicuick family represent Gordon as a grave man, of formal habits, tall, lean, and usually taciturn. Beaupré Bell made a bust of him after an original given by Gordon to Sir Andrew Fountaine's niece.
The Itinerarium, the essential handbook of all Roman antiquaries of that day, was a favourite with Sir Walter Scott, who has immortalised it in The Antiquary as that prized folio which Jonathan Oldbuck undid from its brown paper wrapper in the Hawes fly or Queensferry diligence.
References
Attribution:
Scottish antiquarians
People from Aberdeen
Year of birth uncertain
1755 deaths
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander%20Gordon%20%28antiquary%29
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Lauri Ilmari Törhönen (born 16 August 1947 in Helsinki, Finland) is a Finnish film director. He has directed 13 feature films including Tropic of Ice. He worked in Warren Beatty's Reds as the second assistant director, as well as in Gorky Park by Michael Apted.
Törhönen worked as professor of film art in University of Art and Design Helsinki.
In January 2018, the Finnish national broadcasting service Yleisradio published news of accusations of sexual harassment against Törhönen. The accusations were made by around 20 women, and contain events from the 1980s to the 2000s. Later Törhönen published a brief press release where he apologised his behaviour. In a television interview some weeks later he acknowledged some bad behaviour but denied any allegations of serious sexual harassment.
Partial filmography
The Undressing (Riisuminen, 1986)
Tropic of Ice (Tropic of Ice – Jään kääntöpiiri, 1987)
Insiders (1989)
Paradise America (Ameriikan raitti, 1990)
Abandoned Houses, Empty Homes (Hylätyt talot, autiot pihat, 2000)
The Border (Raja 1918, 2007)
The Girls of April (Vares – Huhtikuun tytöt, 2011)
Garter Snake (Vares – Sukkanauhakäärme, 2011)
Vares – Uhkapelimerkki (2012)
Tango of Darkness (Vares – Pimeyden tango, 2012)
Awards
1989 and 2007 Film prize of the State of Finland
2001 OCIC Award
References
External links
1947 births
Living people
Artists from Helsinki
Finnish film directors
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lauri%20T%C3%B6rh%C3%B6nen
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Hugh Facy (fl. 1618; surname also Facey, Facie, Facye or Facio), was an English composer from the Renaissance. He composed largely choral or keyboard pieces.
Life
Facy acted as an assistant to John Lugge, the organist at Exeter Cathedral and a secondary chorister. He possibly traveled abroad after his term at Exeter.
Music and influence
It is believed that Facy had Roman Catholic sympathies. Because of this, his pieces tended to be influenced by Italy. His pieces are theorized to be composed outside of England.
Works
Ave Maris Stella - A keyboard piece. The only extant piece of the cantus firmus genre.
Magnificat - Written in Latin instead of Facy's native tongue, English.
References
Renaissance composers
English classical composers
17th-century English musicians
English male classical composers
17th-century male musicians
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh%20Facy
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Photu is a village development committee in Mugu District in the Karnali Zone of north-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 807 people living in 151 individual households.
References
External links
UN map of the municipalities of Mugu District
Populated places in Mugu District
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photu
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Róbert Antal (Former name: Róbert Adler, July 21, 1921 – February 1, 1995) was a Hungarian water polo player who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics.
Antal, who was Jewish, was born in Budapest and died in Toronto, Canada.
1952 Olympics
Antal was part of the Hungarian Water Polo team which won the gold medal in the 1952 Helsinki Olympics. The victory was Hungary's third Olympic Gold medal title, and Hungary would prove to have a top rated National Water Polo Team. Antal played two matches. In the semi-final, Hungary beat the Soviet Union 6-4, the day after beating Egypt 9-0. A victory over the Soviet Team was noteworthy, as the Soviets had not been to an Olympics since the October Revolution of 1917, and their participation was carefully observed by the press.
Taking the gold medal in the final round, the Hungarian team defeated Yugoslavia, who took the Silver medal. Antal played goalkeeper.
See also
Hungary men's Olympic water polo team records and statistics
List of Olympic champions in men's water polo
List of Olympic medalists in water polo (men)
List of men's Olympic water polo tournament goalkeepers
List of select Jewish water polo players
References
External links
1921 births
1995 deaths
Hungarian male water polo players
Water polo goalkeepers
Olympic water polo players for Hungary
Water polo players at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Hungary
Olympic medalists in water polo
Medalists at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Hungarian Jews
Jewish water polo players
Water polo players from Budapest
Hungarian expatriates in Canada
20th-century Hungarian people
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B3bert%20Antal
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The VanFleet Hotel in Farmington, Utah was built during the 1860s for Thomas and Electra Hunt. Originally a residence, it became a hotel in the 1870s as a result of its proximity to a Wells Fargo stage coach stop. It was purchased by Hyrum Van Fleet in 1908, but suffered a devastating fire in 1913. The subsequent reconstruction doubled its size. As it was next to the courthouse, it became known as the "honeymoon hotel" as a result of the many newlyweds who stayed there. The Van Fleet family operated the hotel until 1953, when it was converted to apartments. It currently houses dental offices after a 1995 renovation. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 19, 1991.
References
External links
Official website of Rock Hotel Dental
Hotel buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Utah
Georgian architecture in Utah
Hotel buildings completed in 1860
National Register of Historic Places in Davis County, Utah
Buildings and structures in Farmington, Utah
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VanFleet%20Hotel
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Pina is a village development committee in Mugu District in the Karnali Zone of north-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2479 people living in 449 individual households.
References
External links
UN map of the municipalities of Mugu District
Populated places in Mugu District
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pina%2C%20Nepal
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Natharpu is a village development committee in Mugu District in the Karnali Zone of north-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 1090 people living in 214 individual households.
References
External links
UN map of the municipalities of Mugu District
Populated places in Mugu District
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natharpu
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Pulu is a village development committee in Mugu District in the Karnali Zone of north-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 909 people living in 171 individual households.
References
External links
UN map of the municipalities of Mugu District
Populated places in Mugu District
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulu%2C%20Nepal
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In the Nagorno-Karabakh Declaration (more formally, The Declaration of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Armenia and the Russian Federation), signed 2 November 2008 in the Meyendorf Castle in Moscow Oblast, the presidents of Azerbaijan and Armenia stated their intention to "contribute to a healthier situation in the South Caucasus and the establishment of regional stability and security through a political settlement of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict on the basis of the principles and norms of international law and adopted in the framework of decisions and documents".
It reaffirmed the importance of continuing the mediation efforts of the OSCE Minsk Group in the light of the Madrid document dated 29 November 2007, and subsequent discussions.
The parties reached an agreement that "reach a peaceful settlement that must be accompanied by a legally binding international guarantees all its aspects and stages".
According to the Russian co-chair of the OSCE Minsk Group, Yuri Merzlyakov, the main value of the declaration is that it was the first since 1994, agreed to in the settlement of the Karabakh conflict, and concluded "directly between the two conflicting parties".
References
External links
Text of declaration
First Nagorno-Karabakh War
Treaties concluded in 2008
Treaties of Armenia
Treaties of Azerbaijan
Treaties of Russia
2008 in Russia
2008 in Azerbaijan
2008 in Armenia
November 2008 events in Asia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagorno-Karabakh%20Declaration
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Chris Phoenix may refer to:
Chris Phoenix (rapper) (born 1984), African-American rapper and producer
Chris Phoenix (nanotechnologist) (born 1970), co-founder of the Center for Responsible Nanotechnology
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris%20Phoenix
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Babul Ki Duwayen Leti Jaa is an Indian soap opera produced by Shobhana Desai, and aired on Zee TV channel from 2000 to 2001. The story is based on the lives' of 7 girls and their dreams to accomplish something big in their lives'.
Cast
Moonmoon Banerjee as Sheetal
Kishwer Merchant as Malvika
Tasneem Sheikh as Naina
Narayani Shastri as Jenny
Shweta Agarwal as Preeti
Chandni Toor replaced Agarwal as Preeti
Kainaaz Pervez as Renu
Ami Trivedi as Mona: Sheetal's sister
Ravi Khanvilkar as Sheetal Father
Arun Bali as Malvika's father
Nandita Thakur as Malvika Mother
Ajit Vachani as Naina's father
Charusheela Sable as Naina's mother
Vandana Gupte as Naina's step-mother
Sudhir Dalvi as Preeti's maternal uncle
Sulabha Deshpande as Preeti's maternal Aunty
Mohan Bhandari as Renu's father
Zarina Wahab as Professor Nafisa Siddiqui: Mona's professor
Firoz Ali as Dr. Aditya Sheetal's fiance
References
Zee TV original programming
Indian television soap operas
2001 Indian television series debuts
Zee Zindagi original programming
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babul%20Ki%20Duwayen%20Leti%20Jaa
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Hoop Jr. (March 15, 1942 – November 19, 1964) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse best known for winning the 1945 Kentucky Derby.
Background
Hoop Jr. was a bay horse sired by the French-bred stallion Sir Gallahad, a full brother to Bull Dog, who sired Bull Lea. He was out of the American stakes winning mare One Hour, a daughter of the French bred Snob, who had been purchased for the third highest amount ever paid for a horse imported into the United States for racing purposes.
Hoop Jr. was the first Thoroughbred horse Fred W. Hooper, an Alabama and Florida building contractor, ever bought. He paid $10,000 for the colt at the Keeneland Sales and named him after his youngest son, Fred Jr. Hooper was quoted many years later saying, "I liked the way he looked, the way he walked, everything, and I said, 'I'm going to own you.'"
Racing career
At the age of two, Hoop Jr. started in five modest stakes events. He won twice and placed three times (the Bowie Kindergarten Stakes, the Pimlico Nursery Stakes, and the Aberdeen Stakes), then developed osselets, a condition that mostly afflicts young horses. Hooper had his "ankles fired" (heat applied), then turned him out at his Alabama Farm to save him for the following year's Kentucky Derby. Most considered this ambition overly optimistic. But Hooper, who raced Susan's Girl, Precisionist, and Copelan, said, "He was the best racehorse I ever owned. He could run as far as races are laid out and as fast as anybody."
Trained by Ivan Parke, in his three-year-old debut, Hoop Jr. came in fourth, the only time in his career when more than one rival finished before him. He was beaten by the great filly Gallorette as well. In 1945, the Wood Memorial was run in two divisions. In the first, Gallorette came in second to Jeep. In the second division, Hoop Jr. won, running faster than both Gallorette and Jeep in their division.
In the 1945 Kentucky Derby, Eddie Arcaro rode Hoop Jr. over a muddy track against a field of 15. He took the lead going past the grandstand the first time and kept increasing it until he won by six lengths against Pot o' Luck and Darby Dieppe. Hooper had won the Kentucky Derby with his first race horse. He said, "I never thought I'd make it this quick."
One week later, Hoop Jr. ran in the Preakness Stakes. Running in third place (although for a time he was pinched in along the rail), he made his move only to suddenly give way. The race was won by Polynesian, and Hoop Jr. came in second with a bowed tendon.
Stud record
His racing career over, he entered stud in 1946. He died and was buried at Hooper Farm in Ocala, Florida, in 1964. Owner Fred W. Hooper died in August 2000, aged 102.
Pedigree
References
External links
Hoop Jr. pedigree, photo and stats
1942 racehorse births
1964 racehorse deaths
Racehorses bred in Kentucky
Racehorses trained in the United States
Kentucky Derby winners
Thoroughbred family 9
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoop%20Jr.
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Breukelen is a railway station located in Breukelen, Netherlands. The station was opened on 18 December 1843 and is on the Amsterdam–Arnhem railway. It is also the northern end of the Harmelen–Breukelen railway. A new station was opened in 2002 nearer the A2 motorway and further from the town. For this the junction with the line to Harmelen and Woerden also moved.
Train services
The following services currently call at Breukelen:
2x per hour local service (sprinter) Uitgeest - Amsterdam - Woerden - Rotterdam
2x per hour local service (sprinter) (Amsterdam -) Breukelen - Utrecht - Rhenen (Amsterdam only during peak hours)
2x per hour local service (sprinter) Breukelen - Utrecht - Veenendaal Centrum
External links
NS website
Dutch Public Transport journey planner
Railway stations in the Netherlands opened in 1843
Railway stations in Utrecht (province)
Railway stations on the Rhijnspoorweg
1843 establishments in the Netherlands
Buildings and structures in Stichtse Vecht
19th-century architecture in the Netherlands
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breukelen%20railway%20station
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Antal Bolvári (May 6, 1932 – January 8, 2019) was a Hungarian water polo player who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics and in the 1956 Summer Olympics.
Early life
Born in Kaposvár, Bolvári was part of the Hungarian team that won the gold medal in the 1952 Olympics in Helsinki. He played in six matches and scored one goal.
Four years later, at the Melbourne Olympics, he was again a member of the Hungarian team that won the gold medal. He played in four matches and scored two goals, including one in the infamous Blood in the Water match against the USSR in the championship round, held a few weeks after the Soviets had crushed the 1956 Hungarian uprising.
Bolvári was one of several Hungarian athletes who defected to the West in the aftermath of the Melbourne games. He later returned to Hungary, where he continued to play and, later, coach at the club and national levels. He died in Budapest on January 8, 2019, as a result of a "a long, undisclosed illness", according to his family members.
See also
Hungary men's Olympic water polo team records and statistics
List of Olympic champions in men's water polo
List of Olympic medalists in water polo (men)
Blood in the Water match
References
External links
1932 births
2019 deaths
Hungarian male water polo players
Olympic water polo players for Hungary
Water polo players at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 1956 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Hungary
Sportspeople from Kaposvár
Olympic medalists in water polo
Medalists at the 1956 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Hungarian defectors
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antal%20Bolv%C3%A1ri
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The Connecticut River Museum is a U.S. educational and cultural institution based at Steamboat Dock in Essex, Connecticut that focuses on the marine environment and maritime heritage of the Connecticut River Valley.
The three-story Connecticut River Museum is located in a restored 1878 steamboat warehouse, which is now the only one of its type remaining on the river, and has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The museum opened to the public in 1975, with Connecticut Governor Ella Grasso as its first paid member and ex officio patron. The core of its collection came from the Wadsworth Atheneum in Hartford, Connecticut, which provided the museum with a loan of nautical artwork, navigation equipment and maritime-related artifacts.
The museum's main and third levels offer changing exhibits, while its second level is home to a permanent exhibition on shipbuilding, which includes historical maps and models of steamboats and exhibits on the piscine species in the Connecticut River.
The museum's collection also includes a full-scale replica of Turtle, the first American submarine, which was constructed in Essex in 1776 for use against the British in the American Revolution. The museum property also includes a boathouse and a research library. In December 1995, the museum was given a triangular waterfront property, valued at US$910,000, in the neighboring village of Old Saybrook, Connecticut, by Bill and Victoria Winterer, who were among the museums co-founders. The property is used as a waterfront park managed by the museum.
In 2011 the museum caught fire. They had to rebuild part of it.
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Middlesex County, Connecticut
List of maritime museums in the United States
References
External links
Connecticut River Museum
Flickr images
Transportation buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Connecticut
Georgian architecture in Connecticut
Transport infrastructure completed in 1813
Buildings and structures in Middlesex County, Connecticut
Essex, Connecticut
Museums in Middlesex County, Connecticut
Maritime museums in Connecticut
Science museums in Connecticut
Institutions accredited by the American Alliance of Museums
National Register of Historic Places in Middlesex County, Connecticut
Water transportation buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places
Connecticut River
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connecticut%20River%20Museum
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"Le beau monde" (Fashionable Society), Op. 199, is a quadrille composed by Johann Strauss II in 1857, while Strauss was conducting a tour of Russia with his orchestra. The work exudes the authentic musical flavour of Russia, and the Saint Petersburg edition of the work describes the composition as a (Quadrilles on Russian Airs). The title of the quadrille reflects the fashion then in Russia for the French language.
References
External links
Work details, Schott Music
, Slovak Philharmonic, conductor: Alfred Walter
Compositions by Johann Strauss II
1857 compositions
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%20beau%20monde
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As with Scouts in The Scout Association, the Scout section of the BPSA is the direct descendant of the original Scout Patrols which formed in the United Kingdom in 1908. The section is open to both boys and girls between the ages of 10–15 years, and are now formed into local Scout Troops.
Scout Troops form part of a Scout Group. The Scout section follows on from the Wolf Cub Pack (8-10 year olds) and Scouts move onto the Senior Scout section at the age of 15.
A general Scouting programme is adopted by Scout Troops, but it is possible for specialist troops to be formed. Sea Scouts and Air Scouts are example of specialist programme troops.
Organisation
The Scout Troop forms the core section of most Scout Groups. The Troop is the longest running section within the organisation, although it was originally termed the Scout Patrol when the movement started in 1907.
Most Groups will have one Troop, while some others may, rarely, be able to support two more, depending on the numbers of Scouts and adult leaders within the Group.
Scout Troops have an adult leadership team consisting of a warranted Scout Master and one or two Assistant Scout Masters. They can also be supported by adult helpers and Senior or Rover Scout Instructors.
The Scouts within the Troop are divided into Patrols, ideally of 6-8 members, with a Patrol Leader and an Assistant Patrol Leader. The Patrol Leader is appointed by the adult leaders, with the Assistant Patrol Leader being chosen by the Patrol Leader. Some Troops may also hold a position for a Senior Patrol Leader.
Within the Troop, the Patrol Leaders hold a regular council and are able to plan and run activities and deal with matters of discipline under the guidance of the Scout Master.
Training Scheme
The B-P Scouts follow a development of the original Training Scheme laid down by Baden-Powell:
Tenderfoot
Basic knowledge of Scouting, the Law and promise and Scouting skills.
Second Class
Before qualifying for the Second Class, a Scout is required to have completed three months service with the Scouts, leading to more detailed understanding of Scouting, and to have developed skills including basic First Aid, healthy living, backwoods skills, The Highway Code and completion of a 13km journey on foot.
First Class
This award includes having completed ten nights camping as a Scout, being proficient in First Aid, tracking and estimating, be able to use and maintain equipment, camp in a bivvy, prepare food with and without a camping stove, and have undertaken a 24-hour 25km journey.
Scout Cord
To qualify for The Scout Cord a Scout must complete the First Class Award, hold the Citizenship Badge and three proficiency badges from Backwoodsman, Camper, Camp Cook, Explorer, Pioneer, Tracker, Starman, Weatherman or Woodcraftsman.
Proficiency Awards
The Scouts are also able to complete a range of proficiency awards. All Scouting activities are properly supervised by qualified instructors for that activity.
See also
Boy Scout - international overview
Age Groups in Scouting and Guiding
References
External links
B-PSA UK page on Scouts
.
Baden-Powell Scouts' Association
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scouts%20%28Baden-Powell%20Scouts%27%20Association%29
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Bergljót Arnalds (born 15 October 1968) is an Icelandic actress, writer, television representative and producer. She has been awarded the Icelandic AUÐAR-verðlaunin, a pioneer's award, for creating the first Icelandic computer game, Stafakarlarnir.
She is best known for being the author of a best-selling children's book and for her TV work. She was the producer and host of children's television program 2001 nights, which aired on SkjárEinn.
She has played various roles on stage and in films. Among her roles are Dolly in The Devil's Island, Lucy in Dracula, Stella in A Streetcar Named Desire and Sophie in Sophie's World.
Books
1996 – Stafakarlarnir (Icelandic)
2006 – The Most Amazing Alphabet Tale (English)
1997 – Tóta og Tíminn
1998 – Talnapúkinn
2001 – Gralli Gormur og stafaseiðurinn mikli
2001 – Í leit að tímanum
2003 – Gralli Gormur og litadýrðin mikla
2005 – Jólasveinasaga (Icelandic)
2005 – The Thirteen Icelandic Santas (English)
2007 – Gralli Gormur og dýrin í Afríku (Icelandic)
2007 – Mousey Rattail in Africa (English)
2011 – Íslensku Húsdýrin og Trölli (Icelandic)
2015 – Rusladrekinn (Icelandic)
CD-Roms
1997 – Stafakarlarnir
1999 – Talnapúkinn
2004 – Gralli Gormur og stafirnir
See also
List of Icelandic writers
Icelandic literature
References
External links
Bergljót Arnalds' profile
profile
1968 births
Living people
Bergljót Arnalds
Icelandic women children's writers
Bergljót Arnalds
Bergljót Arnalds
Bergljót Arnalds
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berglj%C3%B3t%20Arnalds
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Journey into the Night () is a 1921 silent German drama film directed by F. W. Murnau. Prints of the film still survive, thus making it the earliest surviving F. W. Murnau film.
Plot
An upright, straight-laced physician, Dr. Eigil Börne (Olaf Fønss), has long been engaged to Hélène (Erna Morena). To celebrate Hélène's birthday, the couple goes to a cabaret. A dancer, Lily (Gudrun Bruun-Stefenssen), is fascinated by the doctor and pretends to sprain her ankle. Börne attends her, and she seduces him. Börne becomes infatuated, breaks his engagement to Hélène, and marries Lily.
The Börnes move to the country, where they meet a blind painter (Conrad Veidt). Dr. Börne restores his sight. Dr. Börne learns that Hélène's health is failing, as she is heartbroken over her broken engagement. He tries to see her, but is turned away. When he returns home, Dr. Börne discovers Lily is having an affair with the painter and abandons her.
Years later, Lily seeks out Dr. Börne. The painter has gone blind again, and she pleads with him to operate once more. Dr. Börne refuses. Lily, he says, is incapable of true love and doesn't really love the painter. At any rate, he would not operate unless Lily left the painter. Lily runs off. A short time later, Dr. Börne goes to see Lily and discovers she has poisoned herself so that Börne will operate on her lover. The painter declines treatment. Börne commits suicide as well, preferring to live in darkness rather than without Lily.
Cast
Olaf Fønss as Dr. Eigil Börne
Erna Morena as Hélène
Conrad Veidt as Der Maler (The Painter)
Gudrun Bruun-Stefenssen as Lily
References
External links
Der GANG IN DIE NACHT (1921) at the British Film Institute
Murnau before NOSFERATU,
1921 films
1921 drama films
Films directed by F. W. Murnau
Films of the Weimar Republic
German silent feature films
German black-and-white films
Films with screenplays by Carl Mayer
Silent German drama films
1920s German films
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journey%20into%20the%20Night
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The Dipartimento delle Informazioni per la Sicurezza (DIS, 'Department of Information for Security') is a department of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers of Italy, instituted in 2007 as part of the reform of the Italian security services. The department is part of Sistema di informazione per la sicurezza della Repubblica (information system for security). It is currently headed by Elisabetta Belloni, the successor to General Gennaro Vecchione.
The department is divided into several functional areas. The Central Security Office (Ufficio Centrale per la Sicurezza) deals specifically with administrative protection of state secrets, including the granting or withdrawal of security clearance to individuals and organisations, the Central Archives Office (Ufficio Centrale degli Archivi) coordinates and manages the data in the possession of the Italian secret services, and the Training School (Scuola di Formazione) is responsible for the training of government and civilian staff.
History
DIS was established with law n. 124 of 3 August 2007, published on the Gazzetta Ufficiale n. 187 of 13 August 2007, related to the reform of Italian secret services.
Since that period, CESIS (whose functions had been adsorbed by DIS), SISMI and SISDE have been replaced by DIS, AISI and AISE.
Tasks and functions
DIS oversees the activities of AISE and AISI on the correct application of the dispositions issued by the Italian President of the Council of Ministers or a Delegated Authority, as well as in the field of administrative tutelage of classified informations; it manages the promotion activities and the spreading of the culture about security and institutional communication and it addresses for the unitary management of personnel in the various structures.
DIS carries out different tasks: it coordinates the information activity for security, verifying also the results collected from the activities of AISE and AISI. It is constantly informed about the competent operations of information services for the security and transmits the informations and reports from these services, armed and police forces, State administrations, public and private research entities to the Prime Minister.
The department promotes and ensures the informative exchange between AISE, AISI and police forces; it communicates to the Prime Minister about the acquisition from the informative exchanges and the results of periodical reunions. These informations are transmitted, under disposition of the Prime Ministerand after consulting the Comitato interministeriale per la sicurezza della Repubblica (CISR, 'Inter-ministerial Committee for the Security of the Republic'), to public administrations or entities interested to the acquisition of security informations. It elaborates, along with AISE and AISI, the acquisition plan of human and material resources and of every other resource useful for the intelligence activities, to submit for the approval of the Prime Minister.
While leaving intact the exclusive competences of AISE and AISI regarding the elaboration of the related operative research plans, DIS elaborates strategical analysis or related to particular situations, formulates estimations and previsions based on the sectorial analytical contributions of AISE and AISI. Furthermore, DIS elaborates, also according to informations and reports of other agencies or entities, global analysis to submit to al CISR, as well as projects of informative research on which the Prime Minister decides, after consulting CISR.
Structure
The department has general functions compared to the two operative agencies and it works through the following offices:
Ufficio centrale per la segretezza (UCSe, Central Office for Secrecy) – it deals specifically with the administrative tutelage of the secret of State and security classifications, releasing or cancelling the security permit which allows people to access to informations with a classification higher than "confidential"
Ufficio centrale degli archivi (UCA, Central Office of Archives) – it coordinates, disciplines and controls the management of data owned by Italian secret services
Ufficio centrale ispettivo (UCI, Central Inspective Office) – it controls AISE and AISI through inspectors, verifying the compliance of the information activities for security to laws and regulations, as well as to directives and disposition of the Prime Minister. UCI does also internal investigations on members or former members of the informative organizations under request of COPASIR. Under authorization of the Prime Minister or the Delegate Authority, inspectors do internal investigations about specific episodes or behaviours occurred within AISE or AISI
Scuola di formazione ('Training School') – it deals with the training of operators of DIS, AISE and AISI. Established with law 124/2007, it avails of civil teachers and operates on the promotion and spreading of the culture of security, starting collaborations with similar institutes of the public administration, universities, study centers, think net e think tank both in Italy and in other countries.
Organization
DIS directly depends on the Prime Minister, expecting the case in which the PM delegates his function to a leader of the government, known as Autorità delegata per la sicurezza della Repubblica (Delegated Authority for Security of the Republic). Bodies are established by law n. 124 of 3 August 2007. The regulation of the functioning has been issued with the Decree of the President of Council of Ministers (DPCM) n. 2 of 26 October 2012, while the one related to the juridical and economical status has been issued with DPCM n. 1 of 23 March 2011.
Both the Prime Minister and the Delegated Authority, if established, use the DIS in function of their competences, with the purpose of ensuring the full unity in planning the informative research of the Information System for the security, as well as in analysis and operative activities of intelligence services.
General director
The general direction of DIS is entrusted to a first level manager o equated belonging to the State administration, whose nominee and revocation are exclusive made by the Prime Minister, after consulting the CISR.
The assignment has a maximum duration of four years and it is renewable for only one time. According to law, DIS director is the direct referent of the Prime Minister and the Delegated Authority, if established. The director is hierarchically and functionally superordinate to DIS staff and offices established within the same department. The Prime Minister, after consulting the DIS general director, appoints one or more deputy directors; the general director entrusts the other tasks in the field of the department, with the exception of the tasks whose assignment is due to the Premier.
The director of DIS has also the function of secretary of the CISR.
Inspective office
According to law 124/2007, the regulation guarantees full judgment autonomy and independence for inspectors in the performance of their control duties, and unless a specific authorization from Prime Minister or the Delegated Authority, if established, inspection must not interfere with the ongoing operations. Inspectors are selected according to specific selection tests and an appropriate formation. Furthermore, the transfer of personnel from the inspective office to the Intelligence services is not allowed. Inspectors, after obtaining an authorization from the Prime Minister or the Delegated Authority, can access to all the acts collected by the Intelligence System for the Security and DIS, and they can acquire through the DIS General director other informations from public and private entities.
The inspective office can perform, with the authorization of Prime Minister and also under request of DIS General director, internal investigations on specific episodes and conducts occurred within the Intelligence System for the Security.
General directors
General Giuseppe Cucchi (28 August 2007 – 15 June 2008)
Prefect Gianni De Gennaro (15 June 2008 – 11 May 2012)
Ambassador Giampiero Massolo (11 May 2012 – 29 April 2016)
Prefect Alessandro Pansa (29 April 2016 – 21 November 2018)
General Gennaro Vecchione (22 November 2018 – 11 May 2021)
Ambassador Elisabetta Belloni (12 May 2021 – present)
See also
Italian intelligence agencies
SISMI
CESIS
References
Bibliography
External links
Italian intelligence agencies
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipartimento%20delle%20Informazioni%20per%20la%20Sicurezza
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Georgina Abela (born 23 April 1959) is a Maltese singer and musician. She is best known for representing Malta in the Eurovision Song Contest on several occasions, either as an entrant, backing vocalist or composer. She is married to fellow composer Paul Abela. She is popular in her country and she has taken part in many song festivals around the world.
Eurovision
See also
Malta in the Eurovision Song Contest
References
External links
The official site of the Eurovision Song Contest
Living people
Eurovision Song Contest entrants for Malta
Eurovision Song Contest entrants of 1991
1959 births
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgina%20Abela
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Dezső Fábián (17 December 1918 – 6 October 1973) was a Hungarian water polo player who competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics and in the 1952 Summer Olympics.
He was born and died in Budapest.
Fábián was part of the Hungarian team which won the silver medal in the 1948 tournament. He played three matches.
Four years later he was a member of the Hungarian team which won the gold medal in the Olympic tournament. He played one match.
See also
Hungary men's Olympic water polo team records and statistics
List of Olympic champions in men's water polo
List of Olympic medalists in water polo (men)
External links
1918 births
1973 deaths
Hungarian male water polo players
Water polo players at the 1948 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Hungary in water polo
Olympic silver medalists for Hungary in water polo
Medalists at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1948 Summer Olympics
Water polo players from Budapest
20th-century Hungarian people
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dezs%C5%91%20F%C3%A1bi%C3%A1n
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Ruga is a village development committee in Mugu District in the Karnali Zone of north-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2371 people living in 465 individual households.
References
External links
UN map of the municipalities of Mugu District
Populated places in Mugu District
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruga%2C%20Nepal
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Ali Omar (born 10 March 1980) is a Yemeni former footballer.
Career
Omar played for Al-Arabi in the Kuwaiti Premier League, where he participated in the AFC Champions League 2004.
References
External links
1980 births
Living people
Yemeni men's footballers
Yemeni expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Kuwait
Yemeni expatriate sportspeople in Kuwait
Al-Arabi SC (Kuwait) players
Kuwait Premier League players
Men's association football forwards
Yemen men's international footballers
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali%20Omar%20%28footballer%29
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The 1965 FA Charity Shield was the 43rd FA Charity Shield, an annual football match played between the winners of the previous season's First Division and FA Cup competitions. The match was played on 14 August 1965 at Old Trafford, Manchester and contested by Manchester United, who had won the 1964–65 First Division, and Liverpool, who had won the 1964–65 FA Cup. The teams played out a 2–2 draw and shared the Charity Shield.
Match details
See also
1964–65 Football League
1964–65 FA Cup
References
1965
FA Charity Shield
Charity Shield 1965
Charity Shield 1965
Charity Shield 1965
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1965%20FA%20Charity%20Shield
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Rara Kalai is a village development committee in Mugu District in the Karnali Zone of north-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 1168.
References
External links
UN map of the municipalities of Mugu District
Populated places in Mugu District
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rara%20Kalai
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The Pont sur la Laye or Pont roman de Mane () is an old stone arch bridge across the stream Laye in the French Provence close to the town Mane.
Construction
The and bridge features three segmental arches with a span to rise ratio of up to c. 3:1. Its spans are 2.80 m, 7.90 m and 11.40; the thickness of the two larger arch ribs is between one and two Roman feet, making the structure one of the few Roman bridges whose ratio for rib thickness to span is lower than the commonly applied ancient standard of 1:20.
The bridge was built of local limestone whose shape varies according to its function: the arches consist of voussoirs, the spandrel walls of irregular stonework. The main pier is protected both upstream and downstream by large triangular cutwaters out of rectangular blocks of stone. The paved roadway rises sharply from the left bank to the main arch, and then drops in a gentler gradient to the higher bank on the other side. The parapet, which has been reported as partly removed by O’Connor in 1993, has been apparently repaired in the meantime.
Dating
According to the Italian bridge builder Gazzola, the Pont sur la Laye dates from the end of the 1st or beginning of the 2nd century AD, thus belonging to a round dozen known Roman segmental arch bridges. Structurae, though, ascribes an early Romanesque origin to the structure (11th century). Following the Mane homepage, the two side arches, along with their breakwaters, were added as late as the 17th century, which means that the segmental arches are of a relatively late date.
See also
List of Roman bridges
Roman architecture
Roman engineering
Romanesque architecture
List of medieval bridges in France
Notes
Sources
External links
Traianus – Technical investigation of Roman public works
Roman bridges in France
Roman segmental arch bridges
Deck arch bridges
Stone bridges in France
Romanesque architecture in France
Buildings and structures in Alpes-de-Haute-Provence
Tourist attractions in Alpes-de-Haute-Provence
Transport in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pont%20sur%20la%20Laye
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Rara is a village development committee (VDC) in Mugu District in the Karnali Zone of north-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census, it had a population of 930, living in 199 individual households.
Rara Lake lies in the eastern part of the VDC.
References
External links
UN map of the municipalities of Mugu District
Populated places in Mugu District
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rara%2C%20Nepal
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István Hasznos (8 December 1924 – 7 May 1998) was a Hungarian water polo player who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics.
He was born and died in Szolnok.
Hasznos was part of the Hungarian team which won the gold medal in the 1952 tournament. He played two matches and scored seven goals.
See also
Hungary men's Olympic water polo team records and statistics
List of Olympic champions in men's water polo
List of Olympic medalists in water polo (men)
External links
1924 births
1998 deaths
Hungarian male water polo players
Olympic water polo players for Hungary
Water polo players at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Hungary
Olympic medalists in water polo
Medalists at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Szolnok
20th-century Hungarian people
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istv%C3%A1n%20Hasznos
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Rowa is a village development committee in Mugu District in the Karnali Zone of north-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2771 people living in 523 individual households.
References
External links
UN map of the municipalities of Mugu District
Populated places in Mugu District
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rowa
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Marizza (full title Marizza, called the Smuggler Madonna, ) is a 1922 silent German drama film directed by F. W. Murnau. The film is considered to be lost, though the Cineteca Nazionale film archive possesses a fragmentary print of the first reel. It was shot at the Johannisthal Studios in Berlin. The film's sets were designed by the art director Heinrich Richter.
Plot
Marizza (Tzwetta Tzatschewa) is a beautiful young woman who works as a potato-picker on a farm owned by an old woman, Yelina (Maria Forescu). They are forced to sell their potatoes to Pietro Scarzella (Leonhard Haskel), a wealthy merchant who has a monopoly on the potato market and takes advantage of all the farmers. To avoid the low prices Scarzella offers, Yelina often sells her potatoes to smugglers. Marizza flirts with smugglers Mirko (Albrecht Viktor Blum) and Grischuk (Max Nemetz) so they will take Yelina's crop. The local police officer, Haslinger (Toni Zimmerer), loves Marizza and is too distracted by her to stop the smugglers.
Marizza takes a new job on a farm owned by an impoverished aristocrat, Mrs. Avricolos (Adele Sandrock). Mrs. Avricolos has two sons, the fiery and impulsive Christo (Harry Frank) and the dreamy and scholarly Antonino (Hans Heinrich von Twardowski). Both men fall for Marizza. However, Sadja (Greta Schröder), Scarzella's daughter, is in love with Christo, and if they marry it will save the bankrupt Avricolos farm from Scarzella, to whom Mrs. Avricolos owns a great deal of money. When Mrs. Avricolos finds Marizza talking to Christo in his bedroom late one night, she throws Marizza off the premises.
Marizza runs off with Antonino, while Christo agrees to marry Sadja. Mrs. Avricolos hires Mirko and Grischuk to find the runaway lovers. The smugglers find the two living in a frontier village. Both are near starvation and Marizza has an infant. Haslinger, newly appointed to the frontier town, spots Mirko and Grischuk and tries to arrest them. Marizza flirts with Haslinger to distract him while Mirko and Grischuk get away. Overcome with jealousy, Antonino attempts to kill Haslinger. To save Antonino from life in prison for assaulting an officer, Marizza kills Haslinger.
More police arrive just after the murder. Antonino tells the police that he killed Haslinger, and is thrown in prison anyway. To save himself, Mirko tells the police that Scarzella is the brains behind the smuggling operation, and Scarzella is arrested.
Marizza returns to her home village with her child, and leaves it with Yelina. When soldiers arrive to burn the cottages of all the smugglers, they set fire to Yelina's home as well. Sadja warns Marizza, who flees into the burning house to save her baby. Christo rescues them both.
Cast
Tzwetta Tzatschewa as Marizza
Adele Sandrock as Mrs. Avricolos
Harry Frank as Christo
Hans Heinrich von Twardowski as Antonino
Leonhard Haskel as Pietro Scarzella
Greta Schröder as Sadja, Scarzella's daughter
Maria Forescu as Old Yelina
Albrecht Viktor Blum as Mirko Vasics
Max Nemetz as Grischuk
Toni Zimmerer as Gendarme Haslinger
References
External links
1922 films
1922 drama films
Films of the Weimar Republic
German silent feature films
German black-and-white films
Films directed by F. W. Murnau
Lost German films
Silent German drama films
Films shot at Johannisthal Studios
1920s German films
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marizza
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The Connecticut Coasters were a Roller Hockey International franchise based in New Haven, Connecticut, that played only in the 1993 season before moving to California and becoming the Sacramento River Rats.
Their team colors were teal, purple, and silver. They played at New Haven Memorial Coliseum under the joint ownership of the league and arena.
The Coasters finished 3rd in their division and 7th in the league with a 7-5-2 record, and faced the Anaheim Bullfrogs in the first round of the playoffs, a team that finished with the league's best record and went on to win the inaugural Murphy Cup. Despite four goals from Brian Horan, the Coasters lost the one-game playoff by a score of 15-8 to the Bullfrogs; Goalie Neil Walsh kept the Coasters in the game, despite being outshot by a 28-15 margin.
Season record
Year GP W L OTL PTS PCT GF GA PIM
1993 14 7 5 2 16 .571 124 112 332
Moving to Sacramento
In 1994, the Connecticut Coasters moved to Sacramento, California and became the Sacramento River Rats.
References
Defunct sports clubs and teams in Connecticut
Roller Hockey International teams
Sports clubs and teams established in 1993
Sports clubs and teams disestablished in 1993
Sports clubs and teams in Connecticut
1993 disestablishments in Connecticut
1993 establishments in Connecticut
Sports in New Haven, Connecticut
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connecticut%20Coasters
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Seri () is a Village Development Committee in Mugu District in the Karnali Zone of north-western Nepal. At the time of the 2012 Nepal census it had a population of 2307 people residing in 384 individual households.
References
External links
UN map of the municipalities of Mugu District
Populated places in Mugu District
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seri%2C%20Mugu
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A differential equation is a mathematical equation for an unknown function of one or several variables that relates the values of the function itself and its derivatives of various orders. A matrix differential equation contains more than one function stacked into vector form with a matrix relating the functions to their derivatives.
For example, a first-order matrix ordinary differential equation is
where is an vector of functions of an underlying variable , is the vector of first derivatives of these functions, and is an matrix of coefficients.
In the case where is constant and has n linearly independent eigenvectors, this differential equation has the following general solution,
where are the eigenvalues of A; are the respective eigenvectors of A; and are constants.
More generally, if commutes with its integral then the Magnus expansion reduces to leading order, and the general solution to the differential equation is
where is an constant vector.
By use of the Cayley–Hamilton theorem and Vandermonde-type matrices, this formal matrix exponential solution may be reduced to a simple form. Below, this solution is displayed in terms of Putzer's algorithm.
Stability and steady state of the matrix system
The matrix equation
with n×1 parameter constant vector b is stable if and only if all eigenvalues of the constant matrix A have a negative real part.
The steady state x* to which it converges if stable is found by setting
thus yielding
assuming A is invertible.
Thus, the original equation can be written in the homogeneous form in terms of deviations from the steady state,
An equivalent way of expressing this is that x* is a particular solution to the inhomogeneous equation, while all solutions are in the form
with a solution to the homogeneous equation (b=0).
Stability of the two-state-variable case
In the n = 2 case (with two state variables), the stability conditions that the two eigenvalues of the transition matrix A each have a negative real part are equivalent to the conditions that the trace of A be negative and its determinant be positive.
Solution in matrix form
The formal solution of has the matrix exponential form
evaluated using any of a multitude of techniques.
Putzer Algorithm for computing
Given a matrix A with eigenvalues ,
where
The equations for are simple first order inhomogeneous ODEs.
Note the algorithm does not require that the matrix A be diagonalizable and bypasses complexities of the Jordan canonical forms normally utilized.
Deconstructed example of a matrix ordinary differential equation
A first-order homogeneous matrix ordinary differential equation in two functions x(t) and y(t), when taken out of matrix form, has the following form:
where , , , and may be any arbitrary scalars.
Higher order matrix ODE's may possess a much more complicated form.
Solving deconstructed matrix ordinary differential equations
The process of solving the above equations and finding the required functions of this particular order and form consists of 3 main steps. Brief descriptions of each of these steps are listed below:
Finding the eigenvalues
Finding the eigenvectors
Finding the needed functions
The final, third, step in solving these sorts of ordinary differential equations is usually done by means of plugging in the values calculated in the two previous steps into a specialized general form equation, mentioned later in this article.
Solved example of a matrix ODE
To solve a matrix ODE according to the three steps detailed above, using simple matrices in the process, let us find, say, a function and a function both in terms of the single independent variable , in the following homogeneous linear differential equation of the first order,
To solve this particular ordinary differential equation system, at some point in the solution process, we shall need a set of two initial values (corresponding to the two state variables at the starting point). In this case, let us pick .
First step
The first step, already mentioned above, is finding the eigenvalues of A in
The derivative notation x′ etc. seen in one of the vectors above is known as Lagrange's notation (first introduced by Joseph Louis Lagrange. It is equivalent to the derivative notation dx/dt used in the previous equation, known as Leibniz's notation, honoring the name of Gottfried Leibniz.)
Once the coefficients of the two variables have been written in the matrix form A displayed above, one may evaluate the eigenvalues. To that end, one finds the determinant of the matrix that is formed when an identity matrix, , multiplied by some constant , is subtracted from the above coefficient matrix to yield the characteristic polynomial of it,
and solve for its zeroes.
Applying further simplification and basic rules of matrix addition yields
Applying the rules of finding the determinant of a single 2×2 matrix, yields the following elementary quadratic equation,
which may be reduced further to get a simpler version of the above,
Now finding the two roots, and of the given quadratic equation by applying the factorization method yields
The values and , calculated above are the required eigenvalues of A.
In some cases, say other matrix ODE's, the eigenvalues may be complex, in which case the following step of the solving process, as well as the final form and the solution, may dramatically change.
Second step
As mentioned above, this step involves finding the eigenvectors of A from the information originally provided.
For each of the eigenvalues calculated, we have an individual eigenvector. For the first eigenvalue, which is , we have
Simplifying the above expression by applying basic matrix multiplication rules yields
All of these calculations have been done only to obtain the last expression, which in our case is . Now taking some arbitrary value, presumably, a small insignificant value, which is much easier to work with, for either or (in most cases, it does not really matter), we substitute it into . Doing so produces a simple vector, which is the required eigenvector for this particular eigenvalue. In our case, we pick , which, in turn determines that and, using the standard vector notation, our vector looks like
Performing the same operation using the second eigenvalue we calculated, which is , we obtain our second eigenvector. The process of working out this vector is not shown, but the final result is
Third step
This final step finds the required functions that are 'hidden' behind the derivatives given to us originally. There are two functions, because our differential equations deal with two variables.
The equation which involves all the pieces of information that we have previously found, has the following form:
Substituting the values of eigenvalues and eigenvectors yields
Applying further simplification,
Simplifying further and writing the equations for functions and separately,
The above equations are, in fact, the general functions sought, but they are in their general form (with unspecified values of and ), whilst we want to actually find their exact forms and solutions. So now we consider the problem’s given initial conditions (the problem including given initial conditions is the so-called initial value problem). Suppose we are given , which plays the role of starting point for our ordinary differential equation; application of these conditions specifies the constants, and . As we see from the conditions, when , the left sides of the above equations equal 1. Thus we may construct the following system of linear equations,
Solving these equations, we find that both constants and equal 1/3. Therefore substituting these values into the general form of these two functions
specifies their exact forms,
the two functions sought.
Using matrix exponentiation
The above problem could have been solved with a direct application of the matrix exponential. That is, we can say that
Given that (which can be computed using any suitable tool, such as MATLAB's expm tool, or by performing matrix diagonalisation and leveraging the property that the matrix exponential of a diagonal matrix is the same as element-wise exponentiation of its elements)
the final result is
This is the same as the eigenvector approach shown before.
See also
Nonhomogeneous equations
Matrix difference equation
Newton's law of cooling
Fibonacci sequence
Difference equation
Wave equation
Autonomous system (mathematics)
References
Ordinary differential equations
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix%20differential%20equation
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Srikot is a village development committee in Mugu District in the Karnali Zone of north-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2423 people living in 463 individual households.
References
External links
UN map of the municipalities of Mugu District
Populated places in Mugu District
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srikot%2C%20Mugu
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Drive-thru voting describes the method of voting in an election whereby completed ballot papers submitted by placing them in a drop-box. Drive-thru voting is an alternative to having voters go in person to a polling station, vote electronically via an electronic voting system, and postal voting. This form of voting was recently prohibited in texas's new voting bill.
The drive-thru method is supported for its convenience compared to traditional voting methods. It can also be used to offer expanded hours for voting as a box can be made available 24 hours a day. This method of voting is not heavily utilized yet but has been available in El Dorado County, California, for the 2008 election year where more than 500 voters used the drop boxes, and in Calgary, Alberta, for the 2017 election.
On Wednesday, March 26, 2020, the Town of Vernon, CT held a historic drive-thru vote and town meeting. This meeting was to approve a transfer of $2,986,198.00 from the town’s general fund to the capital non-recurring account to pay down debt related to purchases made via internal lease financing.
The vote was the vision of Vernon Mayor and State Senator Daniel Champagne, who designed the vote together with Town Administrator Michael J. Purcaro, town staff and local elected officials. Mayor Champagne told local media the vote was “all about preserving democracy. “ Mayor Champagne told NBC Connecticut, “We figured out a way to do it safely. We get people to vote and we should just keep going, keep government moving.”
Voters cast their votes using hand signals through their windshields to follow public health guidance and social distancing recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 55 votes were cast on March 26, 2020 and the question based with 54 in favor and 1 opposed.
Vernon Town Administrator and Director of Emergency and Risk Management Michael Purcaro believes that this vote may be the first of its kind in the nation. Mr. Purcaro said, “we’re all learning countrywide how to keep our democratic processes moving forward” while working to prevent the spread of virus.
The Town of Vernon held a second drive-up vote on Tuesday March 28, 2020 as part of the town meeting on the annual budget. In accordance with executive orders issued by the Connecticut Governor in response to COVID-19, Vernon held a virtual town meeting followed by a drive-thru vote. The vote was held at Rockville High School where voters decided the Town’s annual $94.1 million dollar budget. It was held in a similar manner to the March 26, 2020 vote at Town Hall. Voters either drove or walked up to the polling site where they had to show proper identification through their car window or from a safe distance. Taxpayers then cast their votes at a second station using hand signals in order to follow social distancing guidelines and prevent the spread of COVID-19. Voters overwhelmingly approved the zero-tax increase budget by a vote of 106-4. Mr. Purcaro said, “our primary concern is for the health and well-being of our community. We also continue to be deeply concerned about the health of our democracy throughout this crisis. The right to vote is the foundation of our democracy. The constitution is not suspended in times of crisis.”
Drawbacks
In an interview, Texas Governor Greg Abbott claimed drive-thru voting could undermine voting integrity if passengers are present during the voting process. Abbot claimed voting integrity has historically been maintained by ensuring voting can take place in private, and that the presence of passengers could have a coercive effect on voters. Another criticism of Governor Abbott is that propaganda such as political bumper stickers could be in view of vehicles in line. This is against Texas state law, since it undermines voting integrity by permitting the presence of propaganda on voting premises, he said.
Concerns about voting in a box and postal voting have been raised. The system has less protection to ensure a secret ballot, in that people cast their vote outside the security of a polling station. In addition the boxes could be tampered with or vandalized, if left unmonitored.
Drive-Thru voting can be a way to prevent manipulation of an election through get out the vote efforts, for instance, in state conventions of a society, in which supporters of a cause or candidate bus in their supporters to vote and then bus them back.
See also
Convenience voting
References
Voting
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive-thru%20voting
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Srinagar is a village development committee in Mugu District in the Karnali Zone of north-western Nepal. The district capital of Gamgadhi is located within it. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2256 people living in 411 individual households.
References
External links
UN map of the municipalities of Mugu District
Populated places in Mugu District
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srinagar%2C%20Mugu
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Jack O'Neill (March 27, 1923 – June 2, 2017) was an American businessman and founder of the surfwear and surfboard company O'Neill.
Early life
O'Neill grew up in Oregon and southern California, where he began body surfing in the late 1930s. He was a Navy pilot during World War II. O'Neill later moved to San Francisco in 1949 and earned a bachelor's degree in liberal arts at San Francisco State University.
Career
In 1952, he founded the O'Neill brand while opening one of California's first surf shops in a garage on the Great Highway in San Francisco, close to his favorite bodysurfing break at the time.
This led to the establishment of a company that deals in wetsuits, surf gear, and clothing. Jack O'Neill's name is attached to surfwear and his brand of surfing equipment. Although the invention of the wetsuit had often been attributed to O'Neill, he was not its inventor. An investigation concluded that UC Berkeley physicist Hugh Bradner was the inventor of the wetsuit.
In December 1996 he began a non-profit organization called O'Neill Sea Odyssey which provides students with hands-on lessons in marine biology and that teaches the relationship between the oceans and the environment. It has hosted about 100,000 children since it started.
Personal life
He was married to Marjorie, who died in 1973, and they had six children.
O'Neill resided on a beachfront property in Santa Cruz, California, from 1959 until his death on June 2, 2017.
His granddaughter Uma O'Neill is a New Zealand-born equestrian rider, who represents that country and holds both New Zealand and American citizenships, she was selected to compete at the 2020 Summer Olympics.
Awards
In 2002, O'Neill was an EY Entrepreneur of the Year Award recipient for the Northern California Region.
References
Further reading
Ocean Odysseys: Jack O'Neill, Dan Haifley, and the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary
1923 births
2017 deaths
United States Navy pilots of World War II
Businesspeople from Denver
Businesspeople from California
People from Santa Clara, California
Surfing equipment
20th-century American businesspeople
Military personnel from California
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack%20O%27Neill%20%28businessman%29
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Dava may refer to:
Dava, a division of Hindu Akhara
Dava (comics), a fictional martial artist appearing in comics published by DC Comics
Dava Bazaar, an area in South Mumbai noted for producing medical and scientific instruments as well as lab chemicals
Dava (Dacian), the Geto-Dacian name for a city, town or fortress
Dava railway station, a former railway station at Dava muir in the Spey Valley, Scotland
People
Dava Newman, American professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Dava Ramadhan, Indonesian footballer
Dava Savel, American television producer
Dava Sobel (born 1947), American scientific author
Dava (singer), American pop singer
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dava
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Sukhadhik is a village development committee in Mugu District in the Karnali Zone of north-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 1948 people living in 339 individual households.
References
External links
UN map of the municipalities of Mugu District
Populated places in Mugu District
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukhadhik
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Kimari is a village development committee in Mugu District in the Karnali Zone of north-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 743 people living in 131 individual households. Most of the people are named "The Herro" or "Kimawi.
References
External links
UN map of the municipalities of Mugu District
Populated places in Mugu District
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimari
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Amílcar Barbuy (29 March 1893 – 24 August 1965) was an Italian Brazilian football player and manager. A talented and well-rounded midfielder, he was known for his commanding presence, pinpoint tackling, ability to read the game, powerful kicks and great long passes and was one of the greatest players of Corinthians.
For some veteran Corinthians supporters, Amílcar was the second most skilled and gifted Brazilian footballer, only behind Pelé.
He also played for Palestra Itália and Lazio, becoming the first Brazilian in the Italian Football. At the age of 38, he became the oldest player ever to debut in the Italian Serie A in 1931, a record which was only broken in 2016 by Maurizio Pugliesi, at the age of 39.
He played 19 games for Brazil, scoring five goals. He managed Lazio, São Paulo, Palestra Itália, Corinthians, Portuguesa, Portuguesa Santista and Atlético Mineiro.
References
External links
Pelé.Net
Milton Neves
1893 births
1965 deaths
Men's association football midfielders
Brazilian people of Italian descent
Brazilian men's footballers
Brazil men's international footballers
Brazilian football managers
Brazilian expatriate men's footballers
Brazilian expatriate football managers
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Italy
Expatriate men's footballers in Italy
Serie A players
Sport Club Corinthians Paulista players
Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras players
São Paulo state football team players
SS Lazio players
SS Lazio managers
Expatriate football managers in Italy
São Paulo FC managers
Sport Club Corinthians Paulista managers
Copa América-winning players
Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras managers
Footballers from São Paulo
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Am%C3%ADlcar%20Barbuy
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Soul City Records is an American record label founded by the singer Johnny Rivers in 1966. The most notable acts on Soul City were The 5th Dimension, Al Wilson and Rivers himself. The label was distributed by Liberty Records, which is now part of Capitol Records and Universal Music Group. With the help of David Geffen, Rivers sold the label (but not the rights to the name) to Bell Records in 1970. Rivers' 1977 hit "Swayin to the Music (Slow Dancin')" on Big Tree Records bore the Soul City logo. Rivers reactivated the label in 1988 to issue his own recordings, hence making Soul City a private label. To date, Rivers is its only recording artist.
References
External links
Official web site
American record labels
Record labels established in 1966
Record labels disestablished in 1970
Record labels established in 1988
Re-established companies
Soul music record labels
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soul%20City%20Records%20%28American%20label%29
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Soul City Records may refer to:
Soul City Records (British label), a British soul music label
Soul City Records (American label), an American record label founded by Johnny Rivers best known for issuing recordings by The 5th Dimension
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soul%20City%20Records
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