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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human%20leukocyte%20antigen | The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system or complex is a complex of genes on chromosome 6 in humans which encode cell-surface proteins responsible for regulation of the immune system. The HLA system is also known as the human version of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) found in many animals.
Mutations in HLA... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency%20response | In signal processing and electronics, the frequency response of a system is the quantitative measure of the magnitude and phase of the output as a function of input frequency. The frequency response is widely used in the design and analysis of systems, such as audio and control systems, where they simplify mathematical... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropy%20%28disambiguation%29 | Entropy, in thermodynamics, is a property originally introduced to explain the part of the internal energy of a thermodynamic system that is unavailable as a source for useful work.
Entropy may also refer to:
Thermodynamics and statistical mechanics
Entropy (classical thermodynamics), thermodynamic entropy in macrosc... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lies%2C%20damned%20lies%2C%20and%20statistics | "Lies, damned lies, and statistics" is a phrase describing the persuasive power of statistics to bolster weak arguments, "one of the best, and best-known" critiques of applied statistics. It is also sometimes colloquially used to doubt statistics used to prove an opponent's point.
The phrase was popularized in the Uni... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium%20chlorate | Potassium chlorate is a compound containing potassium, chlorine and oxygen, with the molecular formula KClO3. In its pure form, it is a white crystalline substance. After sodium chlorate, it is the second most common chlorate in industrial use. It is a strong oxidizing agent and its most important application is in saf... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20%28brand%29 | was a brand used by Panasonic Corporation (formerly Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.) to sell home appliances, personal appliances, and industrial appliances.
Neither National Semiconductor nor National Car Rental are related to Panasonic or the "National" brand.
History
Before present-day Panasonic produced... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wronskian | In the mathematics of a square matrix, the Wronskian (or Wrońskian) is a determinant introduced by the Polish mathematician . It is used in the study of differential equations, where it can sometimes show linear independence of a set of solutions.
Definition
The Wronskian of two differentiable functions and is .
... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussian%20process | In probability theory and statistics, a Gaussian process is a stochastic process (a collection of random variables indexed by time or space), such that every finite collection of those random variables has a multivariate normal distribution, i.e. every finite linear combination of them is normally distributed. The dist... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cofactor | Cofactor may also refer to:
Cofactor (biochemistry), a substance that needs to be present in addition to an enzyme for a certain reaction to be catalysed
A domain parameter in elliptic curve cryptography, defined as the ratio between the order of a group and that of the subgroup
Cofactor (linear algebra), the signed... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural%20genomics | Structural genomics seeks to describe the 3-dimensional structure of every protein encoded by a given genome. This genome-based approach allows for a high-throughput method of structure determination by a combination of experimental and modeling approaches. The principal difference between structural genomics and tradi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence%20Bragg | Sir William Lawrence Bragg, (31 March 1890 – 1 July 1971) was an Australian-born British physicist and X-ray crystallographer, discoverer (1912) of Bragg's law of X-ray diffraction, which is basic for the determination of crystal structure. He was joint recipient (with his father, William Henry Bragg) of the Nobel Pri... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadcast%20auxiliary%20service | A broadcast auxiliary service or BAS is any radio frequency system used by a radio station or TV station, which is not part of its direct broadcast to listeners or viewers. These are essentially internal-use backhaul channels not intended for actual reception by the public, but part of the airchain required to get tho... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lip%20gloss | Lip gloss is a cosmetic used primarily to give lips a glossy luster, and sometimes to add a subtle color. It is distributed as a fluid or a soft solid (not to be confused with lip balm, which generally has medical or soothing purposes, or lipstick, which generally is a solid, cream-like substance that gives off a more ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase%20rule | In thermodynamics, the phase rule is a general principle governing "pVT" systems, whose thermodynamic states are completely described by the variables pressure (), volume () and temperature (), in thermodynamic equilibrium. If is the number of degrees of freedom, is the number of components and is the number of phas... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercer%27s%20theorem | In mathematics, specifically functional analysis, Mercer's theorem is a representation of a symmetric positive-definite function on a square as a sum of a convergent sequence of product functions. This theorem, presented in , is one of the most notable results of the work of James Mercer (1883–1932). It is an importan... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austerlitz | Austerlitz may refer to:
History
Battle of Austerlitz, an 1805 victory by the French Grand Army of Napoleon Bonaparte
Places
Austerlitz, German name for Slavkov u Brna in the Czech Republic, which gave its name to the Battle of Austerlitz and is the namesake of other places
Austerlitz, Netherlands
Austerlitz, Ken... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ITL | ITL can refer to:
International Territorial Level, geographic classification in the United Kingdom.
Imaging Technology Laboratory, part of the University of Arizona's Steward Observatory
In the Labyrinth, a role-playing system built on The Fantasy Trip
Inferential theory of learning
Information Technology Limited,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcript | Transcript may refer to:
Transcript (biology), a molecule of RNA transcribed from DNA
Transcript (education), a copy of a student's permanent academic record
Transcript (law), a written record of spoken language in court proceedings
Transcripts of legislative bodies
Transcript (programming language), a computer p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby%20McFerrin | Robert Keith McFerrin Jr. (born March 11, 1950) is an American jazz singer and songwriter. He is known for his vocal techniques, such as singing fluidly but with quick and considerable jumps in pitch—for example, sustaining a melody while also rapidly alternating with arpeggios and harmonies—as well as scat singing, po... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polytrope | In astrophysics, a polytrope refers to a solution of the Lane–Emden equation in which the pressure depends upon the density in the form
where is pressure, is density and is a constant of proportionality. The constant is known as the polytropic index; note however that the polytropic index has an alternative defini... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luciferase | Luciferase is a generic term for the class of oxidative enzymes that produce bioluminescence, and is usually distinguished from a photoprotein. The name was first used by Raphaël Dubois who invented the words luciferin and luciferase, for the substrate and enzyme, respectively. Both words are derived from the Latin wor... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NPO | NPO may refer to:
Medicine
Nil per os, Latin for "nothing by mouth", a medical instruction to withhold oral intake of food and fluids
neurogenic pulmonary oedema
Science
North Pacific Oscillation, a teleconnection pattern in atmospheric conditions over the North Pacific
NP optimization problem, an optimization pr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Censoring | Censoring may refer to:
Censoring (statistics)
Censorship
Internet censorship |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart%20rate | Heart rate (or pulse rate) is the frequency of the heartbeat measured by the number of contractions of the heart per minute (beats per minute, or bpm). The heart rate can vary according to the body's physical needs, including the need to absorb oxygen and excrete carbon dioxide, but is also modulated by numerous factor... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alomancy | Alomancy, also called adromancy, ydromancie, idromancie, and halomancy, is an ancient form of divination. Similar to many other forms of divination, the diviner casts salt crystals into the air and interprets the patterns as it falls to the ground or travels through the air. The diviner can also interpret patterns that... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riccati%20equation | In mathematics, a Riccati equation in the narrowest sense is any first-order ordinary differential equation that is quadratic in the unknown function. In other words, it is an equation of the form
where and . If the equation reduces to a Bernoulli equation, while if the equation becomes a first order linear ordin... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telepresence | Telepresence refers to a set of technologies which allow a person to feel as if they were present, to give the appearance or effect of being present via telerobotics, at a place other than their true location.
Telepresence requires that the users' senses interact with specific stimuli in order to provide the feeling... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telerobotics | Telerobotics is the area of robotics concerned with the control of semi-autonomous robots from a distance, chiefly using television, wireless networks (like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and the Deep Space Network) or tethered connections. It is a combination of two major subfields, which are teleoperation and telepresence.
Teleop... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadratic%20irrational%20number | In mathematics, a quadratic irrational number (also known as a quadratic irrational or quadratic surd) is an irrational number that is the solution to some quadratic equation with rational coefficients which is irreducible over the rational numbers. Since fractions in the coefficients of a quadratic equation can be cl... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphanite | Aphanites (adj. aphanitic; ) are igneous rocks that are so fine-grained that their component mineral crystals are not visible to the naked eye (in contrast to phanerites, in which the crystals are visible to the unaided eye). This geological texture results from rapid cooling in volcanic or hypabyssal (shallow subsurfa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porphyry%20%28geology%29 | Porphyry ( ) is any of various granites or igneous rocks with coarse-grained crystals such as feldspar or quartz dispersed in a fine-grained silicate-rich, generally aphanitic matrix or groundmass. In its non-geologic, traditional use, the term porphyry usually refers to the purple-red form of this stone, valued for it... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens%20%28vertebrate%20anatomy%29 | The lens, or crystalline lens, is a transparent biconvex structure in most land vertebrate eyes. Along with the cornea, aqueous and vitreous humours it refracts light, focusing it onto the retina. In many land animals the shape of the lens can be altered, effectively changing the focal length of the eye, enabling them... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body%20water | In physiology, body water is the water content of an animal body that is contained in the tissues, the blood, the bones and elsewhere. The percentages of body water contained in various fluid compartments add up to total body water (TBW). This water makes up a significant fraction of the human body, both by weight and ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diversitas | Diversitas (the Latin word for “diversity”) was an international research programme aiming at integrating biodiversity science for human well-being. In December 2014 its work was transferred to the programme called Future Earth, which was sponsored by the Science and Technology Alliance for Global Sustainability, co... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational%20fluid%20dynamics | Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a branch of fluid mechanics that uses numerical analysis and data structures to analyze and solve problems that involve fluid flows. Computers are used to perform the calculations required to simulate the free-stream flow of the fluid, and the interaction of the fluid (liquids and... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitrification | Vitrification (, via French ) is the full or partial transformation of a substance into a glass, that is to say, a non-crystalline amorphous solid. Glasses differ from liquids structurally and glasses possess a higher degree of connectivity with the same Hausdorff dimensionality of bonds as crystals: dimH = 3. In the p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porphyritic | Porphyritic is an adjective used in geology to describe igneous rocks with a distinct difference in the size of mineral crystals, with the larger crystals known as phenocrysts. Both extrusive and intrusive rocks can be porphyritic, meaning all types of igneous rocks can display some degree of porphyritic texture. Most ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochemist | Biochemists are scientists who are trained in biochemistry. They study chemical processes and chemical transformations in living organisms. Biochemists study DNA, proteins and cell parts. The word "biochemist" is a portmanteau of "biological chemist."
Biochemists also research how certain chemical reactions happen in ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrinsic%20factor | Intrinsic factor (IF), cobalamin binding intrinsic factor, also known as gastric intrinsic factor (GIF), is a glycoprotein produced by the parietal cells (in humans) or chief cells (in rodents) of the stomach. It is necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12 later on in the distal ileum of the small intestine. In huma... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markov%20property | In probability theory and statistics, the term Markov property refers to the memoryless property of a stochastic process, which means that its future evolution is independent of its history. It is named after the Russian mathematician Andrey Markov. The term strong Markov property is similar to the Markov property, ex... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sine-Gordon%20equation | The sine-Gordon equation is a nonlinear hyperbolic partial differential equation for a function dependent on two variables typically denoted and , involving the wave operator and the sine of .
It was originally introduced by in the course of study of surfaces of constant negative curvature as the Gauss–Codazzi equ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GROMACS | GROMACS is a molecular dynamics package mainly designed for simulations of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. It was originally developed in the Biophysical Chemistry department of University of Groningen, and is now maintained by contributors in universities and research centers worldwide. GROMACS is one of the fast... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein%20structure%20prediction | Protein structure prediction is the inference of the three-dimensional structure of a protein from its amino acid sequence—that is, the prediction of its secondary and tertiary structure from primary structure. Structure prediction is different from the inverse problem of protein design. Protein structure prediction is... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDO | CDO may refer to:
Aeronautics
pronunciation of the zero-lift drag coefficient „”
Chemistry
Cysteine dioxygenase, an enzyme
CDO, trade name of chlordiazepoxide
CdO, cadmium oxide
Computing
Climate Data Operators, a command line suite for manipulating and analyzing climate data
Collaboration Data Objects, a M... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primitive%20equations | The primitive equations are a set of nonlinear partial differential equations that are used to approximate global atmospheric flow and are used in most atmospheric models. They consist of three main sets of balance equations:
A continuity equation: Representing the conservation of mass.
Conservation of momentum: Con... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pioneer%20species | Pioneer species are hardy species that are the first to colonize barren environments or previously biodiverse steady-state ecosystems that have been disrupted, such as by wildfire.
Pioneer flora
Some lichens grow on rocks without soil, so may be among the first of life forms, and break down the rocks into soil for pla... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SLE%20%28disambiguation%29 | SLE may refer to:
Medicine
Systemic lupus erythematosus, an autoimmune disease
St. Louis encephalitis, a mosquito-borne disease
Science and mathematics
Semiconductor luminescence equations
Sea level equation, following post-glacial rebound
Schramm–Loewner evolution in statistical mechanics
Transportation
McNar... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazetteer | A gazetteer is a geographical dictionary or directory used in conjunction with a map or atlas. It typically contains information concerning the geographical makeup, social statistics and physical features of a country, region, or continent. Content of a gazetteer can include a subject's location, dimensions of peaks an... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-reactive%20protein | C-reactive protein (CRP) is an annular (ring-shaped) pentameric protein found in blood plasma, whose circulating concentrations rise in response to inflammation. It is an acute-phase protein of hepatic origin that increases following interleukin-6 secretion by macrophages and T cells. Its physiological role is to bind ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartic%20function | In algebra, a quartic function is a function of the form
where a is nonzero,
which is defined by a polynomial of degree four, called a quartic polynomial.
A quartic equation, or equation of the fourth degree, is an equation that equates a quartic polynomial to zero, of the form
where .
The derivative of a quartic f... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRP | CRP may refer to:
Science and medicine
C-reactive protein, an acute phase protein produced by the liver
cAMP receptor protein (catabolite gene activator protein)
Cysteine-rich protein, a class of small proteins
Carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer
Chinese restaurant process, in probability theory
Chronic relapsing po... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aneuploidy | Aneuploidy is the presence of an abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell, for example a human cell having 45 or 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46. It does not include a difference of one or more complete sets of chromosomes. A cell with any number of complete chromosome sets is called a euploid cell.
An extra or... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnot%27s%20theorem%20%28thermodynamics%29 | In thermodynamics, Carnot's theorem, developed in 1824 by Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot, also called Carnot's rule, is a principle that specifies limits on the maximum efficiency that any heat engine can obtain.
Carnot's theorem states that all heat engines operating between the same two thermal or heat reservoirs canno... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connection%20%28mathematics%29 | In geometry, the notion of a connection makes precise the idea of transporting local geometric objects, such as tangent vectors or tensors in the tangent space, along a curve or family of curves in a parallel and consistent manner. There are various kinds of connections in modern geometry, depending on what sort of dat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antinuclear%20antibody | Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs, also known as antinuclear factor or ANF) are autoantibodies that bind to contents of the cell nucleus. In normal individuals, the immune system produces antibodies to foreign proteins (antigens) but not to human proteins (autoantigens). In some cases, antibodies to human antigens are produ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxwell%27s%20theorem | In probability theory, Maxwell's theorem (known also as Herschel-Maxwell's theorem and Herschel-Maxwell's derivation) states that if the probability distribution of a random vector in is unchanged by rotations, and if the components are independent, then the components are identically distributed and normally distribu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigner%27s%20classification | In mathematics and theoretical physics, Wigner's classification
is a classification of the nonnegative energy irreducible unitary representations of the Poincaré group which have either finite or zero mass eigenvalues. (These unitary representations are infinite-dimensional; the group is not semisimple and it does not... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajeeb | Ajeeb was a chess-playing "automaton", created by Charles Hooper (a cabinet maker), first presented at the Royal Polytechnical Institute in 1868. A piece of faux mechanical technology (while presented as entirely automated, it in fact concealed a strong human chess player inside), it drew scores of thousands of specta... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sadi%20Carnot | Sadi Carnot may refer to:
Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot (1796–1832), French physicist, the father of thermodynamics
Marie François Sadi Carnot (1837–1894), president of the third French Republic, and nephew of Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct%20Stream%20Digital | Direct Stream Digital (DSD) is a trademark used by Sony and Philips for their system for digitally encoding audio signals for the Super Audio CD (SACD).
DSD uses delta-sigma modulation a form of pulse-density modulation encoding, a technique to represent audio signals in digital format, a sequence of single-bit values... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trisodium%20phosphate | Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula . It is a white, granular or crystalline solid, highly soluble in water, producing an alkaline solution. TSP is used as a cleaning agent, builder, lubricant, food additive, stain remover, and degreaser.
The item of commerce is often partia... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lift%20coefficient | In fluid dynamics, the lift coefficient () is a dimensionless quantity that relates the lift generated by a lifting body to the fluid density around the body, the fluid velocity and an associated reference area. A lifting body is a foil or a complete foil-bearing body such as a fixed-wing aircraft. is a function of th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnot%27s%20theorem%20%28inradius%2C%20circumradius%29 | In Euclidean geometry, Carnot's theorem states that the sum of the signed distances from the circumcenter D to the sides of an arbitrary triangle ABC is
where r is the inradius and R is the circumradius of the triangle. Here the sign of the distances is taken to be negative if and only if the open line segment DX (X ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PiHKAL | PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story is a book by Dr. Alexander Shulgin and Ann Shulgin, published in 1991. The subject of the work is psychoactive phenethylamine chemical derivatives, notably those that act as psychedelics and/or empathogen-entactogens. The main title, PiHKAL, is an acronym that stands for "Phenethylamines I... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasypodidae | Dasypodidae is a family of mostly extinct genera of armadillos. One genus, Dasypus, is extant, with at least seven living species.
Classification
Below is a taxonomy of armadillos in this family.
Family Dasypodidae
† Genus Acantharodeia
† Genus Amblytatus
† Genus Archaeutatus
† Genus Astegotherium
† Genus Barra... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian%20philosophy | Indian philosophy consists of philosophical traditions of the Indian subcontinent. A traditional Hindu classification divides āstika and nāstika schools of philosophy, depending on one of three alternate criteria: whether it believes the Vedas as a valid source of knowledge; whether the school believes in the premises ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TAM-Europe | TAM (Tovarna avtomobilov Maribor – English: Maribor Automobile Factory) is a Slovenian commercial vehicle manufacturer based in Maribor, Slovenia. It was established in 2011 as part of a multinational conglomerate, with CHTC China Hi-Tech Group Corporation as the majority owner, and integrated into the heritage brand T... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equaliser%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, an equaliser is a set of arguments where two or more functions have equal values.
An equaliser is the solution set of an equation.
In certain contexts, a difference kernel is the equaliser of exactly two functions.
Definitions
Let X and Y be sets.
Let f and g be functions, both from X to Y.
Then the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equalizer | Equalizer, Equaliser, or The Equalizer may refer to:
Science and technology
Equalizer (audio), a device used for adjusting the volume of different frequency bands within an audio signal
Equalizer (communications), a device or circuit for correction of frequency dependent distortion in telecommunications
Equaliser (... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic%20testing | Genetic testing, also known as DNA testing, is used to identify changes in DNA sequence or chromosome structure. Genetic testing can also include measuring the results of genetic changes, such as RNA analysis as an output of gene expression, or through biochemical analysis to measure specific protein output. In a medic... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlotte%20Mitchell | Charlotte Mitchell (born Edna Winifred Mitchell; 23 July 1926 – 2 May 2012) was an English actress and poet.
Biography
In the 1950s she provided lyrics, sketches, and occasionally acted in revues on London's West End. She was especially successful in her ventures providing lyrics for Madeleine Dring in Airs on a Shoes... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minds%2C%20Machines%20and%20G%C3%B6del | "Minds, Machines and Gödel" is J. R. Lucas's 1959 philosophical paper in which he argues that a human mathematician cannot be accurately represented by an algorithmic automaton. Appealing to Gödel's incompleteness theorem, he argues that for any such automaton, there would be some mathematical formula which it could no... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allicin | Allicin is an organosulfur compound obtained from garlic. When fresh garlic is chopped or crushed, the enzyme alliinase converts alliin into allicin, which is responsible for the aroma of fresh garlic. Allicin is unstable and quickly changes into a series of other sulfur-containing compounds such as diallyl disulfide. ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USSB | USSB might stand for:
United States Satellite Broadcasting
United States Shipping Board
Upper Single-sideband (modulation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lossless%20Transform%20Audio%20Compression | Lossless Transform Audio Compression (LTAC) is a compression algorithm developed by Tilman Liebchen, Marcus Purat and Peter Noll at Institute for Telecommunications, Technical University Berlin (TU Berlin), to compress PCM audio in a lossless manner, unlike conventional lossy audio compression algorithms (like MP3).
L... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lossless%20predictive%20audio%20compression | Lossless predictive audio compression (LPAC) is an improved lossless audio compression algorithm developed by Tilman Liebchen, Marcus Purat and Peter Noll at Institute for Telecommunications, Technical University Berlin (TU Berlin), to compress PCM audio in a lossless manner, unlike conventional audio compression algor... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spontaneous%20process | In thermodynamics, a spontaneous process is a process which occurs without any external input to the system. A more technical definition is the time-evolution of a system in which it releases free energy and it moves to a lower, more thermodynamically stable energy state (closer to thermodynamic equilibrium). The sign ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liouville%27s%20theorem%20%28complex%20analysis%29 | In complex analysis, Liouville's theorem, named after Joseph Liouville (although the theorem was first proven by Cauchy in 1844), states that every bounded entire function must be constant. That is, every holomorphic function for which there exists a positive number such that for all is constant. Equivalently, non-... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avalanche%20photodiode | An avalanche photodiode (APD) is a highly sensitive semiconductor photodiode detector that exploits the photoelectric effect to convert light into electricity. From a functional standpoint, they can be regarded as the semiconductor analog of photomultiplier tubes. The avalanche photodiode was invented by Japanese engi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liouville%27s%20theorem%20%28Hamiltonian%29 | In physics, Liouville's theorem, named after the French mathematician Joseph Liouville, is a key theorem in classical statistical and Hamiltonian mechanics. It asserts that the phase-space distribution function is constant along the trajectories of the system—that is that the density of system points in the vicinity of... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homologous%20chromosome | A couple of homologous chromosomes, or homologs, are a set of one maternal and one paternal chromosome that pair up with each other inside a cell during fertilization. Homologs have the same genes in the same loci, where they provide points along each chromosome that enable a pair of chromosomes to align correctly with... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gametogenesis | Gametogenesis is a biological process by which diploid or haploid precursor cells undergo cell division and differentiation to form mature haploid gametes. Depending on the biological life cycle of the organism, gametogenesis occurs by meiotic division of diploid gametocytes into various gametes, or by mitosis. For exa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law%20of%20total%20probability | In probability theory, the law (or formula) of total probability is a fundamental rule relating marginal probabilities to conditional probabilities. It expresses the total probability of an outcome which can be realized via several distinct events, hence the name.
Statement
The law of total probability is a theorem th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law%20of%20total%20expectation | The proposition in probability theory known as the law of total expectation, the law of iterated expectations (LIE), Adam's law, the tower rule, and the smoothing theorem, among other names, states that if is a random variable whose expected value is defined, and is any random variable on the same probability spa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous%20system%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, an autonomous system or autonomous differential equation is a system of ordinary differential equations which does not explicitly depend on the independent variable. When the variable is time, they are also called time-invariant systems.
Many laws in physics, where the independent variable is usually a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law%20of%20total%20variance | In probability theory, the law of total variance or variance decomposition formula or conditional variance formulas or law of iterated variances also known as Eve's law, states that if and are random variables on the same probability space, and the variance of is finite, then
In language perhaps better known to sta... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutual%20exclusivity | In logic and probability theory, two events (or propositions) are mutually exclusive or disjoint if they cannot both occur at the same time. A clear example is the set of outcomes of a single coin toss, which can result in either heads or tails, but not both.
In the coin-tossing example, both outcomes are, in theory, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hellenic%20Statistical%20Authority | The Hellenic Statistical Authority ( ), known by its acronym ELSTAT (), is the national statistical service of Greece.
The purpose of ELSTAT is to produce, on a regular basis, official statistics, as well as to conduct statistical surveys which:
cover all the fields of activity of the public and private sector,
unde... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typology | Typology is the study of types or the systematic classification of the types of something according to their common characteristics. Typology is the act of finding, counting and classifying facts with the help of eyes, other senses and logic. Typology may refer to:
Typology (anthropology), human racial categorization... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action%20%28physics%29 | In physics, action is a scalar quantity that describes how the energy of a physical system has changed over time (its dynamics). Action is significant because the equations of motion of a system can be derived through the principle of stationary action.
In the simple case of a single particle moving with a constant ve... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6del%27s%20proof | Gödel's proof may refer to:
Gödel's incompleteness theorems
Gödel's ontological proof
See also: Gödel's theorem (disambiguation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long%20division | In arithmetic, long division is a standard division algorithm suitable for dividing multi-digit Hindu-Arabic numerals (Positional notation) that is simple enough to perform by hand. It breaks down a division problem into a series of easier steps.
As in all division problems, one number, called the dividend, is divided... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrum%20analyzer | A spectrum analyzer measures the magnitude of an input signal versus frequency within the full frequency range of the instrument. The primary use is to measure the power of the spectrum of known and unknown signals. The input signal that most common spectrum analyzers measure is electrical; however, spectral compositio... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrokinetics | Electrokinetics or electrokinetic may refer to:
Electrohydrodynamics, the study of the dynamics of electrically charged fluids
Electrokinetic phenomena, a family of several different effects that occur in heterogeneous fluids
Zeta potential, a scientific term for electrokinetic potential
Electrokinetic remediatio... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local%20search%20%28optimization%29 | In computer science, local search is a heuristic method for solving computationally hard optimization problems. Local search can be used on problems that can be formulated as finding a solution maximizing a criterion among a number of candidate solutions. Local search algorithms move from solution to solution in the sp... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moissanite | Moissanite () is naturally occurring silicon carbide and its various crystalline polymorphs. It has the chemical formula SiC and is a rare mineral, discovered by the French chemist Henri Moissan in 1893. Silicon carbide is useful for commercial and industrial applications due to its hardness, optical properties and th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polynomial%20long%20division | In algebra, polynomial long division is an algorithm for dividing a polynomial by another polynomial of the same or lower degree, a generalized version of the familiar arithmetic technique called long division. It can be done easily by hand, because it separates an otherwise complex division problem into smaller ones. ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukhoi%20Su-35 | The Sukhoi Su-35 (-35; NATO reporting name: Flanker-E) is the designation for two improved derivatives of the Su-27 air-defence fighter. They are single-seat, twin-engine, supermaneuverable air superiority fighters, designed by the Sukhoi Design Bureau and built by Sukhoi.
The type was originally developed by the Sovi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorna%20Luft | Lorna Luft (born November 21, 1952) is an American actress, author, and singer. She is the daughter of Judy Garland and Sidney Luft and sister of Joey Luft and the half-sister of Liza Minnelli.
Early life
Luft was born on November 21, 1952, at Saint John's Health Center in Santa Monica, California to Judy Garland and ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square%20wave | A square wave is a non-sinusoidal periodic waveform in which the amplitude alternates at a steady frequency between fixed minimum and maximum values, with the same duration at minimum and maximum. In an ideal square wave, the transitions between minimum and maximum are instantaneous.
The square wave is a special cas... |
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