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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmitt%20trigger | In electronics, a Schmitt trigger is a comparator circuit with hysteresis implemented by applying positive feedback to the noninverting input of a comparator or differential amplifier. It is an active circuit which converts an analog input signal to a digital output signal. The circuit is named a trigger because the o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquatic%20respiration | Aquatic respiration is the process whereby an aquatic organism exchanges respiratory gases with water, obtaining oxygen from oxygen dissolved in water and excreting carbon dioxide and some other metabolic waste products into the water.
Unicellular and simple small organisms
In very small animals, plants and bacteria, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gobiidae | Gobiidae or gobies is a family of bony fish in the order Gobiiformes, one of the largest fish families comprising more than 2,000 species in more than 200 genera. Most of gobiid fish are relatively small, typically less than in length, and the family includes some of the smallest vertebrates in the world, such as Trim... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas%20exchange | Gas exchange is the physical process by which gases move passively by diffusion across a surface. For example, this surface might be the air/water interface of a water body, the surface of a gas bubble in a liquid, a gas-permeable membrane, or a biological membrane that forms the boundary between an organism and its ex... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/35%20%28number%29 | 35 (thirty-five) is the natural number following 34 and preceding 36.
In mathematics
35 is the sum of the first five triangular numbers, making it a tetrahedral number.
35 is the 10th discrete semiprime () and the first with 5 as the lowest non-unitary factor, thus being the first of the form (5.q) where q is a hig... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stone%20duality | In mathematics, there is an ample supply of categorical dualities between certain categories of topological spaces and categories of partially ordered sets. Today, these dualities are usually collected under the label Stone duality, since they form a natural generalization of Stone's representation theorem for Boolean ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20C%20Programming%20Language | The C Programming Language (sometimes termed K&R, after its authors' initials) is a computer programming book written by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie, the latter of whom originally designed and implemented the C programming language, as well as co-designed the Unix operating system with which development of the l... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRIAC | A TRIAC (triode for alternating current; also bidirectional triode thyristor or bilateral triode thyristor) is a three-terminal electronic component that conducts current in either direction when triggered. The term TRIAC is a genericised trademark.
TRIACs are a subset of thyristors (analogous to a relay in that a sma... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clock%20generator | A clock generator is an electronic oscillator that produces a clock signal for use in synchronizing a circuit's operation. The signal can range from a simple symmetrical square wave to more complex arrangements. The basic parts that all clock generators share are a resonant circuit and an amplifier.
The resonant circu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic%20coordinate%20conversion | In geodesy, conversion among different geographic coordinate systems is made necessary by the different geographic coordinate systems in use across the world and over time. Coordinate conversion is composed of a number of different types of conversion: format change of geographic coordinates, conversion of coordinate s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-sided%20limit | In calculus, a one-sided limit refers to either one of the two limits of a function of a real variable as approaches a specified point either from the left or from the right.
The limit as decreases in value approaching ( approaches "from the right" or "from above") can be denoted:
The limit as increases in val... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflection%20point | In differential calculus and differential geometry, an inflection point, point of inflection, flex, or inflection (rarely inflexion) is a point on a smooth plane curve at which the curvature changes sign. In particular, in the case of the graph of a function, it is a point where the function changes from being concave ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In%20situ | In situ (; often not italicized in English) is a Latin phrase that translates literally to "on site" or "in position." It can mean "locally", "on site", "on the premises", or "in place" to describe where an event takes place and is used in many different contexts. For example, in fields such as physics, geology, chemis... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution%20%28Baxter%20novel%29 | Evolution is a collection of short stories that work together to form an episodic science fiction novel by author Stephen Baxter. It follows 565 million years of human evolution, from shrewlike mammals 65 million years in the past to the ultimate fate of humanity (and its descendants, both biological and non-biologica... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crypto%20%28book%29 | Crypto: How the Code Rebels Beat the Government Saving Privacy in the Digital Age is a book about cryptography written by Steven Levy, published in 2001. Levy details the emergence of public key cryptography, digital signatures and the struggle between the National Security Agency (NSA) and the "cypherpunks". The book ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load%20testing | Load testing is the process of putting demand on a structure or system and measuring its response.
Software load testing
Physical load testing
Many types of machinery, engines, structures, and motors are load tested. The load may be at a designated safe working load (SWL), full load, or at an aggravated level of loa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stone%20space | In topology and related areas of mathematics, a Stone space, also known as a profinite space or profinite set, is a compact totally disconnected Hausdorff space. Stone spaces are named after Marshall Harvey Stone who introduced and studied them in the 1930s in the course of his investigation of Boolean algebras, which ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perspective%20%28graphical%29 | Linear or point-projection perspective () is one of two types of graphical projection perspective in the graphic arts; the other is parallel projection. Linear perspective is an approximate representation, generally on a flat surface, of an image as it is seen by the eye. Perspective drawing is useful for representing ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walsh%20function | In mathematics, more specifically in harmonic analysis, Walsh functions form a complete orthogonal set of functions that can be used to represent any discrete function—just like trigonometric functions can be used to represent any continuous function in Fourier analysis. They can thus be viewed as a discrete, digital ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanobacterium | Nanobacterium ( , pl. nanobacteria ) is the unit or member name of a former proposed class of living organisms, specifically cell-walled microorganisms, now discredited, with a size much smaller than the generally accepted lower limit for life (about 200 nm for bacteria, like mycoplasma). Originally based on observed ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Support%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, the support of a real-valued function is the subset of the function domain containing the elements which are not mapped to zero. If the domain of is a topological space, then the support of is instead defined as the smallest closed set containing all points not mapped to zero. This concept is used ve... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicken%20%28game%29 | The game of chicken, also known as the hawk-dove game or snowdrift game, is a model of conflict for two players in game theory. The principle of the game is that while the ideal outcome is for one player to yield (to avoid the worst outcome if neither yields), individuals try to avoid it out of pride, not wanting to lo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilbert%27s%20sixteenth%20problem | Hilbert's 16th problem was posed by David Hilbert at the Paris conference of the International Congress of Mathematicians in 1900, as part of his list of 23 problems in mathematics.
The original problem was posed as the Problem of the topology of algebraic curves and surfaces (Problem der Topologie algebraischer Kurve... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam%27s%20apple | The Adam's apple or laryngeal prominence is the protrusion in the human neck formed by the angle of the thyroid cartilage surrounding the larynx, typically visible in men, less frequently in women. The prominence of the Adam's apple increases as a secondary male sex characteristic in puberty.
Structure
The topographi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singleton%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, a singleton, also known as a unit set or one-point set, is a set with exactly one element. For example, the set is a singleton whose single element is .
Properties
Within the framework of Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory, the axiom of regularity guarantees that no set is an element of itself. This implies ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block%20%28programming%29 | In computer programming, a block or code block or block of code is a lexical structure of source code which is grouped together. Blocks consist of one or more declarations and statements. A programming language that permits the creation of blocks, including blocks nested within other blocks, is called a block-structure... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiyoshi%20Oka | was a Japanese mathematician who did fundamental work in the theory of several complex variables.
Biography
Oka was born in Osaka. He went to Kyoto Imperial University in 1919, turning to mathematics in 1923 and graduating in 1924.
He was in Paris for three years from 1929, returning to Hiroshima University. He pub... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical%20privacy | Medical privacy, or health privacy, is the practice of maintaining the security and confidentiality of patient records. It involves both the conversational discretion of health care providers and the security of medical records. The terms can also refer to the physical privacy of patients from other patients and provid... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexicostatistics | Lexicostatistics is a method of comparative linguistics that involves comparing the percentage of lexical cognates between languages to determine their relationship. Lexicostatistics is related to the comparative method but does not reconstruct a proto-language. It is to be distinguished from glottochronology, which at... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof%20that%2022/7%20exceeds%20%CF%80 | Proofs of the mathematical result that the rational number is greater than (pi) date back to antiquity. One of these proofs, more recently developed but requiring only elementary techniques from calculus, has attracted attention in modern mathematics due to its mathematical elegance and its connections to the theory ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sysmex%20XE-2100 | The Sysmex XE-2100 is a haematology automated analyser, used to quickly perform full blood counts and reticulocyte counts. It is made by the Sysmex Corporation.
It can be run on its own, or connected to a blood film making and staining unit. Racks of blood go in on a tray on the right, and come out the left side. The ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trivial%20topology | In topology, a topological space with the trivial topology is one where the only open sets are the empty set and the entire space. Such spaces are commonly called indiscrete, anti-discrete, concrete or codiscrete. Intuitively, this has the consequence that all points of the space are "lumped together" and cannot be di... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GloFish | The GloFish is a patented and trademarked brand of fluorescently colored genetically modified fish. They have been created from several different species of fish: zebrafish (Danio rerio) were the first GloFish available in pet stores, and recently tetra (Gymnocorymbus ternetzi), tiger barbs (Puntius tetrazona), Rainbo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cofiniteness | In mathematics, a cofinite subset of a set is a subset whose complement in is a finite set. In other words, contains all but finitely many elements of If the complement is not finite, but is countable, then one says the set is cocountable.
These arise naturally when generalizing structures on finite sets to infin... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polydivisible%20number | In mathematics a polydivisible number (or magic number) is a number in a given number base with digits abcde... that has the following properties:
Its first digit a is not 0.
The number formed by its first two digits ab is a multiple of 2.
The number formed by its first three digits abc is a multiple of 3.
The num... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seifert%E2%80%93Van%20Kampen%20theorem | In mathematics, the Seifert–Van Kampen theorem of algebraic topology (named after Herbert Seifert and Egbert van Kampen), sometimes just called Van Kampen's theorem, expresses the structure of the fundamental group of a topological space in terms of the fundamental groups of two open, path-connected subspaces that co... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic%20Recording%20Machine%2C%20Accounting | ERMA (Electronic Recording Machine, Accounting) was a computer technology that automated bank bookkeeping and check processing. Developed at the nonprofit research institution SRI International under contract from Bank of America, the project began in 1950 and was publicly revealed in September 1955.
Payments experts ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantor%E2%80%93Bernstein%20theorem | In set theory and order theory, the Cantor–Bernstein theorem states that the cardinality of the second type class, the class of countable order types, equals the cardinality of the continuum. It was used by Felix Hausdorff and named by him after Georg Cantor and Felix Bernstein. Cantor constructed a family of countable... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyne%3Abolic | dyne:bolic GNU/Linux is a Live CD/DVD distribution based on the Linux kernel. It is shaped by the needs of media activists, artists and creators to be a practical tool with a focus on multimedia production, that delivers a large assortment of applications. It allows manipulation and broadcast of both sound and video w... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichophagia | Trichophagia is a form of disordered eating in which persons with the disorder suck on, chew, swallow, or otherwise eat hair. The term is derived from ancient Greek θρίξ, ("hair") and φαγεῖν, ("to eat"). Tricho-phagy refers only to the chewing of hair, whereas tricho-phagia is ingestion of hair, but many texts refer ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time%20Cube | Time Cube was a pseudoscientific personal web page founded in 1997 by the self-proclaimed "wisest man on earth," Otis Eugene "Gene" Ray. It was a self-published outlet for Ray's "theory of everything", also called "Time Cube," which polemically claims that all modern sciences are participating in a worldwide conspiracy... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian%20school%20of%20algebraic%20geometry | In relation to the history of mathematics, the Italian school of algebraic geometry refers to mathematicians and their work in birational geometry, particularly on algebraic surfaces, centered around Rome roughly from 1885 to 1935. There were 30 to 40 leading mathematicians who made major contributions, about half of t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moodle | Moodle ( ) is a free and open-source learning management system written in PHP and distributed under the GNU General Public License. Moodle is used for blended learning, distance education, flipped classroom and other online learning projects in schools, universities, workplaces and other sectors.
Moodle is used to cr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary%20system | A binary system is a system of two astronomical bodies which are close enough that their gravitational attraction causes them to orbit each other around a barycenter (also see animated examples). More restrictive definitions require that this common center of mass is not located within the interior of either object, in... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithmic%20learning%20theory | Algorithmic learning theory is a mathematical framework for analyzing
machine learning problems and algorithms. Synonyms include formal learning theory and algorithmic inductive inference. Algorithmic learning theory is different from statistical learning theory in that it does not make use of statistical assumptions ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaos%20model | In computing, the chaos model is a structure of software development. Its creator, who used the pseudonym L.B.S. Raccoon, noted that project management models such as the spiral model and waterfall model, while good at managing schedules and staff, didn't provide methods to fix bugs or solve other technical problems. A... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index%20register | An index register in a computer's CPU is a processor register (or an assigned memory location) used for pointing to operand addresses during the run of a program. It is useful for stepping through strings and arrays. It can also be used for holding loop iterations and counters. In some architectures it is used for read... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NEC | is a Japanese multinational information technology and electronics corporation, headquartered at the NEC Supertower in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. It provides IT and network solutions, including cloud computing, artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT) platform, and telecommunications equipment and software to ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-subminiature | The D-subminiature or D-sub is a common type of electrical connector. They are named for their characteristic D-shaped metal shield. When they were introduced, D-subs were among the smallest connectors used on computer systems.
Description, nomenclature, and variants
A D-sub contains two or more parallel rows of pins... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General%20position | In algebraic geometry and computational geometry, general position is a notion of genericity for a set of points, or other geometric objects. It means the general case situation, as opposed to some more special or coincidental cases that are possible, which is referred to as special position. Its precise meaning differ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MOBIDIC | Sylvania's MOBIDIC, short for "MOBIle DIgital Computer", was a transistorized computer intended to store, sort and route information as one part of the United States Army's Fieldata concept. Fieldata aimed to automate the distribution of battlefield data in any form, ensuring the delivery of reports to the proper recip... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasitology | Parasitology is the study of parasites, their hosts, and the relationship between them. As a biological discipline, the scope of parasitology is not determined by the organism or environment in question but by their way of life. This means it forms a synthesis of other disciplines, and draws on techniques from fields s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fieldata | FIELDATA (also written as Fieldata) was a pioneering computer project run by the US Army Signal Corps in the late 1950s that intended to create a single standard (as defined in MIL-STD-188A/B/C) for collecting and distributing battlefield information. In this respect it could be thought of as a generalization of the US... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modified%20frequency%20modulation | Modified frequency modulation (MFM) is a run-length limited (RLL) line code used to encode data on most floppy disks and some hard disk drives. It was first introduced on hard disks in 1970 with the IBM 3330 and then in floppy disk drives beginning with the IBM 53FD in 1976.
MFM is a modification to the original freq... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intersection%20number | In mathematics, and especially in algebraic geometry, the intersection number generalizes the intuitive notion of counting the number of times two curves intersect to higher dimensions, multiple (more than 2) curves, and accounting properly for tangency. One needs a definition of intersection number in order to state r... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lilith%20%28computer%29 | The DISER Lilith is a custom built workstation computer based on the Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) 2901 bit slicing processor, created by a group led by Niklaus Wirth at ETH Zürich. The project began in 1977, and by 1984 several hundred workstations were in use. It has a high resolution full page portrait oriented catho... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramification%20%28mathematics%29 | In geometry, ramification is 'branching out', in the way that the square root function, for complex numbers, can be seen to have two branches differing in sign. The term is also used from the opposite perspective (branches coming together) as when a covering map degenerates at a point of a space, with some collapsing o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihrab | Mihrab (, , pl. ) is a niche in the wall of a mosque that indicates the qibla, the direction of the Kaaba in Mecca towards which Muslims should face when praying. The wall in which a mihrab appears is thus the "qibla wall".
The minbar, which is the raised platform from which an imam (leader of prayer) addresses the c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substitution%E2%80%93permutation%20network | In cryptography, an SP-network, or substitution–permutation network (SPN), is a series of linked mathematical operations used in block cipher algorithms such as AES (Rijndael), 3-Way, Kalyna, Kuznyechik, PRESENT, SAFER, SHARK, and Square.
Such a network takes a block of the plaintext and the key as inputs, and applie... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SableVM | SableVM was a clean room implementation of Java bytecode interpreter implementing the Java virtual machine (VM) specification, second edition. SableVM was designed to be a robust, extremely portable, efficient, and fully specifications-compliant (JVM spec, Java Native Interface, Invocation interface, Debug interface, e... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pin%20compatibility | In electronics, pin-compatible devices are electronic components, generally integrated circuits or expansion cards, sharing a common footprint and with the same functions assigned or usable on the same pins. Pin compatibility is a property desired by systems integrators as it allows a product to be updated without rede... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma%20diagnostics | Plasma diagnostics are a pool of methods, instruments, and experimental techniques used to measure properties of a plasma, such as plasma components' density, distribution function over energy (temperature), their spatial profiles and dynamics, which enable to derive plasma parameters.
Invasive probe methods
Ball-pen... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse%20scattering%20problem | In mathematics and physics, the inverse scattering problem is the problem of determining characteristics of an object, based on data of how it scatters incoming radiation or particles. It is the inverse problem to the direct scattering problem, which is to determine how radiation or particles are scattered based on the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89mile%20Reynaud | Charles-Émile Reynaud (8 December 1844 – 9 January 1918) was a French inventor, responsible for the praxinoscope (an animation device patented in 1877 that improved on the zoetrope) and was responsible for the first projected animated films. His Pantomimes Lumineuses
premiered on 28 October 1892 in Paris. His Théâtre O... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity-based%20encryption | ID-based encryption, or identity-based encryption (IBE), is an important primitive of ID-based cryptography. As such it is a type of public-key encryption in which the public key of a user is some unique information about the identity of the user (e.g. a user's email address). This means that a sender who has access ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irreducible%20representation | In mathematics, specifically in the representation theory of groups and algebras, an irreducible representation or irrep of an algebraic structure is a nonzero representation that has no proper nontrivial subrepresentation , with closed under the action of .
Every finite-dimensional unitary representation on a Hilb... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisenstein%27s%20criterion | In mathematics, Eisenstein's criterion gives a sufficient condition for a polynomial with integer coefficients to be irreducible over the rational numbers – that is, for it to not be factorizable into the product of non-constant polynomials with rational coefficients.
This criterion is not applicable to all polynomial... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homothety | In mathematics, a homothety (or homothecy, or homogeneous dilation) is a transformation of an affine space determined by a point S called its center and a nonzero number called its ratio, which sends point to a point by the rule
for a fixed number .
Using position vectors:
.
In case of (Origin):
,
which is a uni... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectral%20radius | In mathematics, the spectral radius of a square matrix is the maximum of the absolute values of its eigenvalues. More generally, the spectral radius of a bounded linear operator is the supremum of the absolute values of the elements of its spectrum. The spectral radius is often denoted by .
Definition
Matrices
Let b... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lines%20of%20Torres%20Vedras | The Lines of Torres Vedras were lines of forts and other military defences built in secrecy to defend Lisbon during the Peninsular War. Named after the nearby town of Torres Vedras, they were ordered by Arthur Wellesley, Viscount Wellington, constructed by Colonel Richard Fletcher and his Portuguese workers between Nov... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrete%20geometry | Discrete geometry and combinatorial geometry are branches of geometry that study combinatorial properties and constructive methods of discrete geometric objects. Most questions in discrete geometry involve finite or discrete sets of basic geometric objects, such as points, lines, planes, circles, spheres, polygons, an... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet%20Security%20Association%20and%20Key%20Management%20Protocol | Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol (ISAKMP) is a protocol defined by RFC 2408 for establishing security association (SA) and cryptographic keys in an Internet environment. ISAKMP only provides a framework for authentication and key exchange and is designed to be key exchange independent; protocol... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incidence%20%28geometry%29 | In geometry, an incidence relation is a heterogeneous relation that captures the idea being expressed when phrases such as "a point lies on a line" or "a line is contained in a plane" are used. The most basic incidence relation is that between a point, , and a line, , sometimes denoted . If the pair is called a flag.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anycast | Anycast is a network addressing and routing methodology in which a single IP address is shared by devices (generally servers) in multiple locations. Routers direct packets addressed to this destination to the location nearest the sender, using their normal decision-making algorithms, typically the lowest number of BGP ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sierpi%C5%84ski%20space | In mathematics, the Sierpiński space (or the connected two-point set) is a finite topological space with two points, only one of which is closed.
It is the smallest example of a topological space which is neither trivial nor discrete. It is named after Wacław Sierpiński.
The Sierpiński space has important relations to... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermicide | Spermicide is a contraceptive substance that destroys sperm, inserted vaginally prior to intercourse to prevent pregnancy. As a contraceptive, spermicide may be used alone. However, the pregnancy rate experienced by couples using only spermicide is higher than that of couples using other methods. Usually, spermicides... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline%20of%20probability | Probability is a measure of the likeliness that an event will occur. Probability is used to quantify an attitude of mind towards some proposition whose truth is not certain. The proposition of interest is usually of the form "A specific event will occur." The attitude of mind is of the form "How certain is it that the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French%20curve | A French curve is a template usually made from metal, wood or plastic composed of many different segments of the Euler spiral (aka the clothoid curve). It is used in manual drafting and in fashion design to draw smooth curves of varying radii. The curve is placed on the drawing material, and a pencil, knife or other i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime95 | Prime95, also distributed as the command-line utility mprime for FreeBSD and Linux, is a freeware application written by George Woltman. It is the official client of the Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search (GIMPS), a volunteer computing project dedicated to searching for Mersenne primes. It is also used in overclockin... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frogger | is a 1981 arcade action game developed by Konami and manufactured by Sega. In North America, it was released by Sega/Gremlin. The object of the game is to direct a series of frogs to their homes by crossing a busy road and a hazardous river.
Frogger was positively received as one of the greatest video games ever made ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics%20processing%20unit | A graphics processing unit (GPU) is a specialized electronic circuit initially designed to accelerate computer graphics and image processing (either on a video card or embedded on motherboards, mobile phones, personal computers, workstations, and game consoles). After their initial design, GPUs were found to be useful ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BLISS | BLISS is a system programming language developed at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) by W. A. Wulf, D. B. Russell, and A. N. Habermann around 1970. It was perhaps the best known system language until C debuted a few years later. Since then, C became popular and common, and BLISS faded into obscurity. When C was in its ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legendre%20transformation | In mathematics, the Legendre transformation (or Legendre transform), first introduced by Adrien-Marie Legendre in 1787 when studying the minimal surface problem, is an involutive transformation on real-valued functions that are convex on a real variable. Specifically, if a real-valued multivariable function is convex o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tandy%202000 | The Tandy 2000 is a personal computer introduced by Radio Shack in September 1983 based on the 8 MHz Intel 80186 microprocessor running MS-DOS. By comparison, the IBM PC XT (introduced in March 1983) used the older 4.77 MHz Intel 8088 processor, and the IBM PC/AT (introduced in 1984) would later use the newer 6 MHz Int... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fano%20plane | In finite geometry, the Fano plane (after Gino Fano) is a finite projective plane with the smallest possible number of points and lines: 7 points and 7 lines, with 3 points on every line and 3 lines through every point. These points and lines cannot exist with this pattern of incidences in Euclidean geometry, but they ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad%20hoc%20polymorphism | In programming languages, ad hoc polymorphism is a kind of polymorphism in which polymorphic functions can be applied to arguments of different types, because a polymorphic function can denote a number of distinct and potentially heterogeneous implementations depending on the type of argument(s) to which it is applied.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Re-order%20buffer | A re-order buffer (ROB) is a hardware unit used in an extension to the Tomasulo algorithm to support out-of-order and speculative instruction execution. The extension forces instructions to be committed in-order.
The buffer is a circular buffer (to provide a FIFO instruction ordering queue) implemented as an array/ve... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A4hler%20manifold | In mathematics and especially differential geometry, a Kähler manifold is a manifold with three mutually compatible structures: a complex structure, a Riemannian structure, and a symplectic structure. The concept was first studied by Jan Arnoldus Schouten and David van Dantzig in 1930, and then introduced by Erich Kähl... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomasulo%27s%20algorithm | Tomasulo's algorithm is a computer architecture hardware algorithm for dynamic scheduling of instructions that allows out-of-order execution and enables more efficient use of multiple execution units. It was developed by Robert Tomasulo at IBM in 1967 and was first implemented in the IBM System/360 Model 91’s floating ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazard%20%28computer%20architecture%29 | In the domain of central processing unit (CPU) design, hazards are problems with the instruction pipeline in CPU microarchitectures when the next instruction cannot execute in the following clock cycle, and can potentially lead to incorrect computation results. Three common types of hazards are data hazards, structural... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NOP%20%28code%29 | In computer science, a NOP, no-op, or NOOP (pronounced "no op"; short for no operation) is a machine language instruction and its assembly language mnemonic, programming language statement, or computer protocol command that does nothing.
Machine language instructions
Some computer instruction sets include an instruct... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag%20%28linear%20algebra%29 | In mathematics, particularly in linear algebra, a flag is an increasing sequence of subspaces of a finite-dimensional vector space V. Here "increasing" means each is a proper subspace of the next (see filtration):
The term flag is motivated by a particular example resembling a flag: the zero point, a line, and a plane... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klein%20quartic | In hyperbolic geometry, the Klein quartic, named after Felix Klein, is a compact Riemann surface of genus with the highest possible order automorphism group for this genus, namely order orientation-preserving automorphisms, and automorphisms if orientation may be reversed. As such, the Klein quartic is the Hurwitz ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basophil | Basophils are a type of white blood cell. Basophils are the least common type of granulocyte, representing about 0.5% to 1% of circulating white blood cells. However, they are the largest type of granulocyte and how they work is not fully understood. They are responsible for inflammatory reactions during immune respons... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key%20authentication | Key/Config-authentication is used to solve the problem of authenticating the keys of the person (say "person B") to some other person ("person A") is talking to or trying to talk to. In other words, it is the process of assuring that the key of "person A" held by "person B" does in fact belong to "person A" and vice ve... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure%20key%20issuing%20cryptography | Secure key issuing is variant of ID-based cryptography that reduces the level of trust that needs to be placed in a trusted third party by spreading the trust across multiple third parties. In addition to the normally transmitted information the user supplies what is known as "blinding" information
which can be used to... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate-based%20encryption | Certificate-based encryption is a system in which a certificate authority uses ID-based cryptography to produce a certificate. This system gives the users both implicit and explicit certification, the certificate can be used as a conventional certificate (for signatures, etc.), but also implicitly for the purpose of en... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificateless%20cryptography | Certificateless cryptography is a variant of ID-based cryptography intended to prevent the key escrow problem. Ordinarily, keys are generated by a certificate authority or a key generation center (KGC) who is given complete power and is implicitly trusted. To prevent a complete breakdown of the system in the case of a ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparametric%20equation | A comparametric equation is an equation that describes a parametric relationship between a function and a dilated version of the same function, where the equation does not involve the parameter. For example, ƒ(2t) = 4ƒ(t) is a comparametric equation, when we define g(t) = ƒ(2t), so that we have g = 4ƒ no longer contai... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CICS | IBM CICS (Customer Information Control System) is a family of mixed-language application servers that provide online transaction management and connectivity for applications on IBM mainframe systems under z/OS and z/VSE.
CICS family products are designed as middleware and support rapid, high-volume online transaction... |
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