source stringlengths 31 203 | text stringlengths 28 2k |
|---|---|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwater%20Demolition%20Team | Underwater Demolition Team (UDT), or frogmen, were amphibious units created by the United States Navy during World War II with specialized non-tactical missions. They were predecessors of the navy's current SEAL teams.
Their primary WWII function began with reconnaissance and underwater demolition of natural or man-ma... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency%20compensation | In electronics engineering, frequency compensation is a technique used in amplifiers, and especially in amplifiers employing negative feedback. It usually has two primary goals: To avoid the unintentional creation of positive feedback, which will cause the amplifier to oscillate, and to control overshoot and ringing i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Living%20Machine | A Living Machine is a form of ecological sewage treatment based on fixed-film ecology.
The Living Machine system was commercialized and is marketed by Living Machine Systems, L3C, a corporation based in Charlottesville, Va, USA.
Examples
Examples of Living Machines are mechanical composters for industrial kitchens, e... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilbert%27s%20program | In mathematics, Hilbert's program, formulated by German mathematician David Hilbert in the early 1920s, was a proposed solution to the foundational crisis of mathematics, when early attempts to clarify the foundations of mathematics were found to suffer from paradoxes and inconsistencies. As a solution, Hilbert propose... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primordial%20soup | Primordial soup, also known as primordial goo, primordial ooze, prebiotic soup and prebiotic broth, is the hypothetical set of conditions present on the Earth around 3.7 to 4.0 billion years ago. It is an aspect of the heterotrophic theory (also known as the Oparin–Haldane hypothesis) concerning the origin of life, fir... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombic%20dodecahedron | In geometry, the rhombic dodecahedron is a convex polyhedron with 12 congruent rhombic faces. It has 24 edges, and 14 vertices of 2 types. It is a Catalan solid, and the dual polyhedron of the cuboctahedron.
Properties
The rhombic dodecahedron is a zonohedron. Its polyhedral dual is the cuboctahedron. The long face-di... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbolic%20execution | In computer science, symbolic execution (also symbolic evaluation or symbex) is a means of analyzing a program to determine what inputs cause each part of a program to execute. An interpreter follows the program, assuming symbolic values for inputs rather than obtaining actual inputs as normal execution of the program... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatini%20variation | In general relativity and gravitation the Palatini variation is nowadays thought of as a variation of a Lagrangian with respect to the connection.
In fact, as is well known, the Einstein–Hilbert action for general relativity was first formulated purely in terms of the spacetime metric . In the Palatini variational met... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redirection%20%28computing%29 | In computing, redirection is a form of interprocess communication, and is a function common to most command-line interpreters, including the various Unix shells that can redirect standard streams to user-specified locations.
In Unix-like operating systems, programs do redirection with the system call, or its less-fle... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunrise%20problem | The sunrise problem can be expressed as follows: "What is the probability that the sun will rise tomorrow?" The sunrise problem illustrates the difficulty of using probability theory when evaluating the plausibility of statements or beliefs.
According to the Bayesian interpretation of probability, probability theory c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code%20Complete | Code Complete is a software development book, written by Steve McConnell and published in 1993 by Microsoft Press, encouraging developers to continue past code-and-fix programming and the big design up front and waterfall models. It is also a compendium of software construction techniques, which include techniques from... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinology | Carcinology is a branch of zoology that consists of the study of crustaceans, a group of arthropods that includes lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill, copepods, barnacles and crabs. Other names for carcinology are malacostracology, crustaceology, and crustalogy, and a person who studies crustaceans is a carcinologist or ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilot%20ACE | The Pilot ACE (Automatic Computing Engine) was one of the first computers built in the United Kingdom. Built at the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) in the early 1950s, it was also one of the earliest general-purpose, stored-program computers – joining other UK designs like the Manchester Mark 1 and EDSAC of the same... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LEO%20%28website%29 | LEO (meaning Link Everything Online) is an Internet-based electronic dictionary and translation dictionary initiated by the computer science department of the Technical University of Munich in Germany. After a spin-out, the dictionaries have been run since 3 April 2006 by the limited liability company Leo GmbH, formed ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20video%20game%20industry%20people | Below is a list of notable people who work or have worked in the video game industry.
The list is divided into different roles, but some people fit into more than one category. For example, Sid Meier is both a game designer and programmer. In these cases, the people appear in both sections.
Art and animation
Dennis ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mmap | In computing, mmap(2) is a POSIX-compliant Unix system call that maps files or devices into memory. It is a method of memory-mapped file I/O. It implements demand paging because file contents are not immediately read from disk and initially use no physical RAM at all. The actual reads from disk are performed after a sp... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton%20swab | Cotton swabs (American English) or cotton buds (British English) are wads of cotton wrapped around a short rod made of wood, rolled paper, or plastic. They are most commonly used for ear cleaning, although this is not recommended by physicians. Other uses for cotton swabs include first aid, cosmetics application, clean... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expression%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, an expression or mathematical expression is a finite combination of symbols that is well-formed according to rules that depend on the context. Mathematical symbols can designate numbers (constants), variables, operations, functions, brackets, punctuation, and grouping to help determine order of operati... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal%20transmission | In telecommunications, transmission is the process of sending or propagating an analog or digital signal via a medium that is wired, wireless, or fiber-optic.
Transmission system technologies typically refer to physical layer protocol duties such as modulation, demodulation, line coding, equalization, error control, b... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key%20schedule | In cryptography, the so-called product ciphers are a certain kind of cipher, where the (de-)ciphering of data is typically done as an iteration of rounds. The setup for each round is generally the same, except for round-specific fixed values called a round constant, and round-specific data derived from the cipher key ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duality%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, a duality translates concepts, theorems or mathematical structures into other concepts, theorems or structures, in a one-to-one fashion, often (but not always) by means of an involution operation: if the dual of is , then the dual of is . Such involutions sometimes have fixed points, so that the dual ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander%20Oparin | Alexander Ivanovich Oparin (; – April 21, 1980) was a Soviet biochemist notable for his theories about the origin of life, and for his book The Origin of Life. He also studied the biochemistry of material processing by plants and enzyme reactions in plant cells. He showed that many food production processes were based... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric%20Lander | Eric Steven Lander (born February 3, 1957) is an American mathematician and geneticist who is a professor of biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and a professor of systems biology at Harvard Medical School. Eric Lander is founding director emeritus of the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard. He ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinc%20function | In mathematics, physics and engineering, the sinc function, denoted by , has two forms, normalized and unnormalized.
In mathematics, the historical unnormalized sinc function is defined for by
Alternatively, the unnormalized sinc function is often called the sampling function, indicated as Sa(x).
In digital signal ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per-unit%20system | In the power systems analysis field of electrical engineering, a per-unit system is the expression of system quantities as fractions of a defined base unit quantity. Calculations are simplified because quantities expressed as per-unit do not change when they are referred from one side of a transformer to the other. Th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dry%20well | A dry well or drywell is an underground structure that disposes of unwanted water, most commonly surface runoff and stormwater, in some cases greywater or water used in a groundwater heat pump.
It is a gravity-fed, vertical underground system that can capture surface water from impervious surfaces, then store and grad... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French%20drain | A French drain (also called a weeping tile, trench drain, filter drain, blind drain, rubble drain, rock drain, drain tile, perimeter drain, land drain, French ditch, sub-surface drain, sub-soil drain, or agricultural drain) is a trench filled with gravel or rock, or both, with or without a perforated pipe that redirect... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point%20mutation | A point mutation is a genetic mutation where a single nucleotide base is changed, inserted or deleted from a DNA or RNA sequence of an organism's genome. Point mutations have a variety of effects on the downstream protein product—consequences that are moderately predictable based upon the specifics of the mutation. The... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central%20Security%20Service | The Central Security Service (CSS) is a combat support agency of the United States Department of Defense which was established in 1972 to integrate the National Security Agency (NSA) and the Service Cryptologic Components (SCC) of the United States Armed Forces in the field of signals intelligence, cryptology, and info... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissection | Dissection (from Latin "to cut to pieces"; also called anatomization) is the dismembering of the body of a deceased animal or plant to study its anatomical structure. Autopsy is used in pathology and forensic medicine to determine the cause of death in humans. Less extensive dissection of plants and smaller animals pr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hostname | In computer networking, a hostname (archaically nodename) is a label that is assigned to a device connected to a computer network and that is used to identify the device in various forms of electronic communication, such as the World Wide Web. Hostnames may be simple names consisting of a single word or phrase, or they... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Localization%20of%20a%20category | In mathematics, localization of a category consists of adding to a category inverse morphisms for some collection of morphisms, constraining them to become isomorphisms. This is formally similar to the process of localization of a ring; it in general makes objects isomorphic that were not so before. In homotopy theory,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web%20development | Web development is the work involved in developing a website for the Internet (World Wide Web) or an intranet (a private network). Web development can range from developing a simple single static page of plain text to complex web applications, electronic businesses, and social network services. A more comprehensive lis... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sobolev%20space | In mathematics, a Sobolev space is a vector space of functions equipped with a norm that is a combination of Lp-norms of the function together with its derivatives up to a given order. The derivatives are understood in a suitable weak sense to make the space complete, i.e. a Banach space. Intuitively, a Sobolev space i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haploidisation | Haploidisation is the process of halving the chromosomal content of a cell, producing a haploid cell. Within the normal reproductive cycle, haploidisation is one of the major functional consequences of meiosis, the other being a process of chromosomal crossover that mingles the genetic content of the parental chromosom... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KOI8-R | KOI8-R (RFC 1489) is an 8-bit character encoding, derived from the KOI-8 encoding by the programmer Andrei Chernov in 1993 and designed to cover Russian, which uses a Cyrillic alphabet. KOI8-R was based on Russian Morse code, which was created from a phonetic version of Latin Morse code. As a result, Russian Cyrillic... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KOI8-U | KOI8-U (RFC 2319) is an 8-bit character encoding, designed to cover Ukrainian, which uses a Cyrillic alphabet. It is based on KOI8-R, which covers Russian and Bulgarian, but replaces eight box drawing characters with four Ukrainian letters Ґ, Є, І, and Ї in both upper case and lower case.
KOI8-RU is closely related, b... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethanethiol | Ethanethiol, commonly known as ethyl mercaptan, is an organosulfur compound with the formula CH3CH2SH. is a colorless liquid with a distinct odor. Abbreviated EtSH, it consists of an ethyl group (Et), CH3CH2, attached to a thiol group, SH. Its structure parallels that of ethanol, but with sulfur in place of oxygen. The... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMule | aMule is a free peer-to-peer file sharing utility that works with the eDonkey network and the Kad network, offering similar features to eMule and adding others such as GeoIP (country flags). On August 18, 2003 it was forked from the xMule source code, which itself is a fork of the lMule project, which was the first att... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBiquity | iBiquity Digital Corporation is a company formed by the merger of USA Digital Radio and Lucent Digital Radio. Based in Columbia, Maryland, with additional offices in Basking Ridge, New Jersey, and Auburn Hills, Michigan, iBiquity is a privately held intellectual properties company with investors in the technology, broa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PuTTY | PuTTY () is a free and open-source terminal emulator, serial console and network file transfer application. It supports several network protocols, including SCP, SSH, Telnet, rlogin, and raw socket connection. It can also connect to a serial port. The name "PuTTY" has no official meaning.
PuTTY was originally written ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus%20of%20constructions | In mathematical logic and computer science, the calculus of constructions (CoC) is a type theory created by Thierry Coquand. It can serve as both a typed programming language and as constructive foundation for mathematics. For this second reason, the CoC and its variants have been the basis for Coq and other proof assi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM%20Monochrome%20Display%20Adapter | The Monochrome Display Adapter (MDA, also MDA card, Monochrome Display and Printer Adapter, MDPA) is IBM's standard video display card and computer display standard for the IBM PC introduced in 1981. The MDA does not have any pixel-addressable graphics modes, only a single monochrome text mode which can display 80 col... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good%20manufacturing%20practice | Current good manufacturing practices (cGMP) are those conforming to the guidelines recommended by relevant agencies. Those agencies control the authorization and licensing of the manufacture and sale of food and beverages, cosmetics, pharmaceutical products, dietary supplements, and medical devices. These guidelines pr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Replay%20attack | A replay attack (also known as a repeat attack or playback attack) is a form of network attack in which valid data transmission is maliciously or fraudulently repeated or delayed. This is carried out either by the originator or by an adversary who intercepts the data and re-transmits it, possibly as part of a spoofing ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PTS-DOS | PTS-DOS (aka PTS/DOS) is a disk operating system, a DOS clone, developed in Russia by PhysTechSoft and Paragon Technology Systems.
History and versions
PhysTechSoft was formed in 1991 in Moscow, Russia by graduates and members of MIPT, informally known as PhysTech. At the end of 1993, PhysTechSoft released the first ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knuth%E2%80%93Bendix%20completion%20algorithm | The Knuth–Bendix completion algorithm (named after Donald Knuth and Peter Bendix) is a semi-decision algorithm for transforming a set of equations (over terms) into a confluent term rewriting system. When the algorithm succeeds, it effectively solves the word problem for the specified algebra.
Buchberger's algorithm ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trastuzumab | Trastuzumab, sold under the brand name Herceptin among others, is a monoclonal antibody used to treat breast cancer and stomach cancer. It is specifically used for cancer that is HER2 receptor positive. It may be used by itself or together with other chemotherapy medication. Trastuzumab is given by slow injection into ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yousef%20Alavi | Yousef Alavi (March 19, 1928 – May 21, 2013) was an Iranian born American mathematician who specialized in combinatorics and graph theory. He received his PhD from Michigan State University in 1958. He was a professor of mathematics at Western Michigan University from 1958 until his retirement in 1996; he chaired the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9la%20Bollob%C3%A1s | Béla Bollobás FRS (born 3 August 1943) is a Hungarian-born British mathematician who has worked in various areas of mathematics, including functional analysis, combinatorics, graph theory, and percolation. He was strongly influenced by Paul Erdős since the age of 14.
Early life and education
As a student, he took part... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A1s%20Gy%C3%A1rf%C3%A1s | András Gyárfás (born 1945) is a Hungarian mathematician who specializes in the study of graph theory. He is famous for two conjectures:
Together with Paul Erdős he conjectured what is now called the Erdős–Gyárfás conjecture which states that any graph with minimum degree 3 contains a simple cycle whose length is a p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe%20Atmosphere | Adobe Atmosphere (informally abbreviated Atmo) was a software platform for interacting with 3D computer graphics. 3D models created with the commercial program could be explored socially using a browser plugin available free of charge. Atmosphere was originally developed by Attitude Software as 3D Anarchy and was later... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multivariable%20calculus | Multivariable calculus (also known as multivariate calculus) is the extension of calculus in one variable to calculus with functions of several variables: the differentiation and integration of functions involving multiple variables (multivariate), rather than just one.
Multivariable calculus may be thought of as an ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deinterlacing | Deinterlacing is the process of converting interlaced video into a non-interlaced or progressive form. Interlaced video signals are commonly found in analog television, digital television (HDTV) when in the 1080i format, some DVD titles, and a smaller number of Blu-ray discs.
An interlaced video frame consists of two ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterogeneous%20Element%20Processor | The Heterogeneous Element Processor (HEP) was introduced by Denelcor, Inc. in 1982. The HEP's architect was Burton Smith. The machine was designed to solve fluid dynamics problems for the Ballistic Research Laboratory. A HEP system, as the name implies, was pieced together from many heterogeneous components -- process... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berm | A berm is a level space, shelf, or raised barrier (usually made of compacted soil) separating areas in a vertical way, especially partway up a long slope. It can serve as a terrace road, track, path, a fortification line, a border/separation barrier for navigation, good drainage, industry, or other purposes.
Etymology... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steganalysis | Steganalysis is the study of detecting messages hidden using steganography; this is analogous to cryptanalysis applied to cryptography.
Overview
The goal of steganalysis is to identify suspected packages, determine whether or not they have a payload encoded into them, and, if possible, recover that payload.
Unlike... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer%20forensics | Computer forensics (also known as computer forensic science) is a branch of digital forensic science pertaining to evidence found in computers and digital storage media. The goal of computer forensics is to examine digital media in a forensically sound manner with the aim of identifying, preserving, recovering, analyzi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows%20XP%20Professional%20x64%20Edition | Microsoft Windows XP Professional x64 Edition, released on April 25, 2005, is an edition of Windows XP for x86-64 personal computers. It is designed to use the expanded 64-bit memory address space provided by the x86-64 architecture.
The primary benefit of moving to 64-bit is the increase in the maximum allocatable ra... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributivity%20%28order%20theory%29 | In the mathematical area of order theory, there are various notions of the common concept of distributivity, applied to the formation of suprema and infima. Most of these apply to partially ordered sets that are at least lattices, but the concept can in fact reasonably be generalized to semilattices as well.
Distribut... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key%20server%20%28cryptographic%29 | In computer security, a key server is a computer that receives and then serves existing cryptographic keys to users or other programs. The users' programs can be running on the same network as the key server or on another networked computer.
The keys distributed by the key server are almost always provided as part of ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quanta%20Computer | Quanta Computer Incorporated () () is a Taiwan-based manufacturer of notebook computers and other electronic hardware. Its customers include Apple Inc., Dell, Hewlett-Packard Inc., Acer Inc., Alienware, Amazon.com, Cisco, Fujitsu, Gericom, Lenovo, LG, Maxdata, Microsoft, MPC, BlackBerry Ltd, Sharp Corporation, Siemens ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molniya%20orbit | A Molniya orbit (, "Lightning") is a type of satellite orbit designed to provide communications and remote sensing coverage over high latitudes. It is a highly elliptical orbit with an inclination of 63.4 degrees, an argument of perigee of 270 degrees, and an orbital period of approximately half a sidereal day. The nam... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PKCS | In cryptography, PKCS (Public Key Cryptography Standards) are a group of public key cryptography standards devised and published by RSA Security LLC, starting in the early 1990s. The company published the standards to promote the use of the cryptography techniques to which they had patents, such as the RSA algorithm, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rush%20Hour%20%28puzzle%29 | Rush Hour is a sliding block puzzle invented by Nob Yoshigahara in the 1970s. It was first sold in the United States in 1996. It is now being manufactured by ThinkFun (formerly Binary Arts).
ThinkFun now sells Rush Hour spin-offs Rush Hour Jr., Safari Rush Hour, Railroad Rush Hour, Rush Hour Brain Fitness and Rush Hou... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flicker%20%28screen%29 | Flicker is a visible change in brightness between cycles displayed on video displays. It applies to the refresh interval on cathode ray tube (CRT) televisions and computer monitors, as well as plasma computer displays and televisions.
Occurrence
Flicker occurs on CRTs when they are driven at a low refresh rate, allowi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computability%20logic | Computability logic (CoL) is a research program and mathematical framework for redeveloping logic as a systematic formal theory of computability, as opposed to classical logic which is a formal theory of truth. It was introduced and so named by Giorgi Japaridze in 2003.
In classical logic, formulas represent true/fal... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controlled%20burn | A controlled or prescribed (Rx) burn, which can include hazard reduction burning, backfire, swailing or a burn-off, is a fire set intentionally for purposes of forest management, fire suppression, farming, prairie restoration or greenhouse gas abatement. A controlled burn may also refer to the intentional burning of sl... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steamroller | A steamroller (or steam roller) is a form of road roller – a type of heavy construction machinery used for leveling surfaces, such as roads or airfields – that is powered by a steam engine. The leveling/flattening action is achieved through a combination of the size and weight of the vehicle and the rolls: the smooth w... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoradiograph | An autoradiograph is an image on an X-ray film or nuclear emulsion produced by the pattern of decay emissions (e.g., beta particles or gamma rays) from a distribution of a radioactive substance. Alternatively, the autoradiograph is also available as a digital image (digital autoradiography), due to the recent developme... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class%20II%20gene | A class II gene is a type of gene that codes for a protein. Class II genes are transcribed by RNAP II .
Class II genes have a promoter that may contain a TATA box.
Basal transcription of class II genes requires the formation of a preinitiation complex.
They are transcribed by RNA polymerase II, include both intron a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game%20semantics | Game semantics (, translated as dialogical logic) is an approach to formal semantics that grounds the concepts of truth or validity on game-theoretic concepts, such as the existence of a winning strategy for a player, somewhat resembling Socratic dialogues or medieval theory of Obligationes.
History
In the late 1950s ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piphilology | Piphilology comprises the creation and use of mnemonic techniques to remember many digits of the mathematical constant . The word is a play on the word "pi" itself and of the linguistic field of philology.
There are many ways to memorize , including the use of piems (a portmanteau, formed by combining pi and poem), wh... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armstrong%20oscillator | The Armstrong oscillator (also known as the Meissner oscillator) is an electronic oscillator circuit which uses an inductor and capacitor to generate an oscillation. It is the earliest oscillator circuit, invented by US engineer Edwin Armstrong in 1912 and independently by Austrian engineer Alexander Meissner in 1913... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrotransposon | Retrotransposons (also called Class I transposable elements or transposons via RNA intermediates) are a type of genetic component that copy and paste themselves into different genomic locations (transposon) by converting RNA back into DNA through the reverse transcription process using an RNA transposition intermediate... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GFA%20BASIC | GFA BASIC is a dialect of the BASIC programming language, by Frank Ostrowski. The name is derived from the company ("GFA Systemtechnik GmbH"), which distributed the software. In the mid-1980s to the 1990s it enjoyed popularity as an advanced BASIC dialect, but has been mostly superseded by several other programming la... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Issai%20Schur | Issai Schur (10 January 1875 – 10 January 1941) was a Russian mathematician who worked in Germany for most of his life. He studied at the University of Berlin. He obtained his doctorate in 1901, became lecturer in 1903 and, after a stay at the University of Bonn, professor in 1919.
As a student of Ferdinand Georg Frob... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell%20account | A shell account is a user account on a remote server, traditionally running under the Unix operating system, which gives access to a shell via a command-line interface protocol such as telnet, SSH, or over a modem using a terminal emulator.
Shell accounts were made first accessible to interested members of the public ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequential%20consistency | Sequential consistency is a consistency model used in the domain of concurrent computing (e.g. in distributed shared memory, distributed transactions, etc.).
It is the property that "... the result of any execution is the same as if the operations of all the processors were executed in some sequential order, and the o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Release%20consistency | Release consistency is one of the synchronization-based consistency models used in concurrent programming (e.g. in distributed shared memory, distributed transactions etc.).
Introduction
In modern parallel computing systems, memory consistency must be maintained to avoid undesirable outcomes. Strict consistency model... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XNU | XNU (X is Not Unix) is the computer operating system (OS) kernel developed at Apple Inc. since December 1996 for use in the Mac OS X (now macOS) operating system and released as free and open-source software as part of the Darwin OS, which in addition to macOS is also the basis for the Apple TV Software, iOS, iPadOS, w... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semicircle | In mathematics (and more specifically geometry), a semicircle is a one-dimensional locus of points that forms half of a circle. It is a circular arc that measures 180° (equivalently, radians, or a half-turn). It has only one line of symmetry (reflection symmetry).
In non-technical usage, the term "semicircle" is som... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU%20toolchain | The GNU toolchain is a broad collection of programming tools produced by the GNU Project. These tools form a toolchain (a suite of tools used in a serial manner) used for developing software applications and operating systems.
The GNU toolchain plays a vital role in development of Linux, some BSD systems, and software... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opticks | Opticks: or, A Treatise of the Reflexions, Refractions, Inflexions and Colours of Light is a book by English natural philosopher Isaac Newton that was published in English in 1704 (a scholarly Latin translation appeared in 1706). The book analyzes the fundamental nature of light by means of the refraction of light with... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power%20engineering | Power engineering, also called power systems engineering, is a subfield of electrical engineering that deals with the generation, transmission, distribution, and utilization of electric power, and the electrical apparatus connected to such systems. Although much of the field is concerned with the problems of three-phas... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provability%20logic | Provability logic is a modal logic, in which the box (or "necessity") operator is interpreted as 'it is provable that'. The point is to capture the notion of a proof predicate of a reasonably rich formal theory, such as Peano arithmetic.
Examples
There are a number of provability logics, some of which are covered in t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric%20power%20conversion | In all fields of electrical engineering, power conversion is the process of converting electric energy from one form to another. A power converter is an electrical or electro-mechanical device for converting electrical energy. A power converter can convert alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC) and vice vers... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC-to-DC%20converter | A DC-to-DC converter is an electronic circuit or electromechanical device that converts a source of direct current (DC) from one voltage level to another. It is a type of electric power converter. Power levels range from very low (small batteries) to very high (high-voltage power transmission).
History
Before the dev... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource%20Reservation%20Protocol | The Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) is a transport layer protocol designed to reserve resources across a network using the integrated services model. RSVP operates over an IPv4 or IPv6 and provides receiver-initiated setup of resource reservations for multicast or unicast data flows. It does not transport applicat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maiden%20flight | The maiden flight, also known as first flight, of an aircraft is the first occasion on which it leaves the ground under its own power. The same term is also used for the first launch of rockets.
The maiden flight of a new aircraft type is always a historic occasion for the type and can be quite emotional for those inv... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-serving%20visitor%20pattern | In computer programming, the single-serving visitor pattern is a design pattern. Its intent is to optimise the implementation of a visitor that is allocated, used only once, and then deleted (which is the case of most visitors).
Applicability
The single-serving visitor pattern should be used when visitors do not nee... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignitron | An ignitron is a type of gas-filled tube used as a controlled rectifier and dating from the 1930s. Invented by Joseph Slepian while employed by Westinghouse, Westinghouse was the original manufacturer and owned trademark rights to the name "Ignitron". Ignitrons are closely related to mercury-arc valves but differ in th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfection | Transfection is the process of deliberately introducing naked or purified nucleic acids into eukaryotic cells. It may also refer to other methods and cell types, although other terms are often preferred: "transformation" is typically used to describe non-viral DNA transfer in bacteria and non-animal eukaryotic cells, i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Track%20%26%20Field%20%28video%20game%29 | Track & Field, also known as in Japan and Europe, is a 1983 Olympic-themed sports video game developed by Konami for arcades. The Japanese release sported an official license for the 1984 Summer Olympics. In Europe, the game was initially released under the Japanese title Hyper Olympic in 1983, before re-releasing und... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM%20TopView | TopView is the first object-oriented, multitasking, and windowing, personal computer operating environment for PC DOS developed by IBM, announced in August 1984 and shipped in March 1985. TopView provided a text-mode (although it also ran in graphics mode) operating environment that allowed users to run more than one a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensitivity%20analysis | Sensitivity analysis is the study of how the uncertainty in the output of a mathematical model or system (numerical or otherwise) can be divided and allocated to different sources of uncertainty in its inputs. A related practice is uncertainty analysis, which has a greater focus on uncertainty quantification and propag... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grader | A grader, also commonly referred to as a road grader, motor grader, or simply blade, is a form of heavy equipment with a long blade used to create a flat surface during grading. Although the earliest models were towed behind horses, and later tractors, most modern graders are self-propelled and thus technically "moto... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Text%20mode | Text mode is a computer display mode in which content is internally represented on a computer screen in terms of characters rather than individual pixels. Typically, the screen consists of a uniform rectangular grid of character cells, each of which contains one of the characters of a character set; at the same time, c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Linux%20distributions | This page provides general information about notable Linux distributions in the form of a categorized list. Distributions are organized into sections by the major distribution or package management system they are based on.
Debian-based
Debian Linux is a distribution that emphasizes free software. It supports many ha... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Ramanujan%20constant | In mathematics and the field of number theory, the Landau–Ramanujan constant is the positive real number b that occurs in a theorem proved by Edmund Landau in 1908, stating that for large , the number of positive integers below that are the sum of two square numbers behaves asymptotically as
This constant b was redis... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.