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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonic%20balance | Harmonic balance is a method used to calculate the steady-state response of nonlinear differential equations, and is mostly applied to nonlinear electrical circuits.
It is a frequency domain method for calculating the steady state, as opposed to the various time-domain steady-state methods. The name "harmonic balance"... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluent%20%28artificial%20intelligence%29 | In artificial intelligence, a fluent is a condition that can change over time. In logical approaches to reasoning about actions, fluents can be represented in first-order logic by predicates having an argument that depends on time. For example, the condition "the box is on the table", if it can change over time, cannot... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Event%20calculus | The event calculus is a logical language for representing and reasoning about events and their effects first presented by Robert Kowalski and Marek Sergot in 1986. It was extended by Murray Shanahan and Rob Miller in the 1990s. Similar to other languages for reasoning about change, the event calculus represents the eff... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded%20value | The Embedded Value (EV) of a life insurance company is the present value of future profits plus adjusted net asset value. It is a construct from the field of actuarial science which allows insurance companies to be valued.
Background
Life insurance policies are long-term contracts, where the policyholder pays a premiu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastochron | As the tip of a plant shoot grows, new leaves are produced at regular time intervals if temperature is held constant. This time interval is termed the plastochron (or plastochrone). The plastochrone index and the leaf plastochron index are ways of measuring the age of a plant dependent on morphological traits rather th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20the%20largest%20software%20companies | Many lists exist that provide an overview of large software companies, often called "independent software vendors" ("ISVs"), in the world. The lists differ by methodology of composition and consequently show substantial differences in both the listed companies and the ranking of those companies.
Legend
Forbes Global ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User%20Location%20Service | In computing, User Location Service was a standards-based protocol for directory services and presence information, first submitted as a draft to the IETF in February 1996.
Client software supporting ULS included early versions of Microsoft Netmeeting, Intel Video Phone and FreeWebFone. Netmeeting had depreciated ULS ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minichromosome | A minichromosome is a small chromatin-like structure resembling a chromosome and consisting of centromeres, telomeres and replication origins but little additional genetic material. They replicate autonomously in the cell during cellular division. Minichromosomes may be created by natural processes as chromosomal aberr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disk%20staging | Disk staging is using disks as an additional, temporary stage of backup process before finally storing backup to tape. Backups stay on disk typically for a day or a week, before being copied to tape in a background process and deleted afterwards.
The process of disk staging is controlled by the same software that per... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring%20King | Ring King, known as in Japan and Europe, is an arcade boxing game. It was published in 1985 by Woodplace in Japan and Europe, and by Data East in North America.
Gameplay
The game continues the series' theme of comical sports as the player takes the role of a boxer who makes his way from his debut to become a world ch... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total%20body%20irradiation | Total body irradiation (TBI) is a form of radiotherapy used primarily as part of the preparative regimen for haematopoietic stem cell (or bone marrow) transplantation. As the name implies, TBI involves irradiation of the entire body, though in modern practice the lungs are often partially shielded to lower the risk of ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research%20Unix | The term "Research Unix" refers to early versions of the Unix operating system for DEC PDP-7, PDP-11, VAX and Interdata 7/32 and 8/32 computers, developed in the Bell Labs Computing Sciences Research Center (CSRC).
History
The term Research Unix first appeared in the Bell System Technical Journal (Vol. 57, No. 6, Pt... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interdata%207/32%20and%208/32 | The Model 7/32 and Model 8/32 were 32-bit minicomputers introduced by Perkin-Elmer after they acquired Interdata, Inc., in 1973. Interdata computers are primarily remembered for being the first 32-bit minicomputers under $10,000. The 8/32 was a more powerful machine than the 7/32, with the notable feature of allowing u... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource%20construction%20set | The resource construction set (GEM RCS) is a GUI builder for GEM applications. It was written by Digital Research.
RCS was widely used on the Atari ST, Atari STe, Atari TT, Atari MEGA ST, Atari MEGA STE and Atari Falcon platforms.
Example
Files of the Atari Development Kit
Resource file
runtime binary
0000: 000000... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formula%20game | A formula game is an artificial game represented by a fully quantified Boolean formula. Players' turns alternate and the space of possible moves is denoted by bound variables. If a variable is universally quantified, the formula following it has the same truth value as the formula beginning with the universal quantifie... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%86%93 | The arrow symbol ↓ may refer to:
The downward direction, a relative direction
The keyboard cursor control key, an arrow key
A downwards arrow, a Unicode arrow symbol
Logical NOR, operator which produces a result that is the negation of logical OR
An undefined object, in mathematical well-definition
A comma catego... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadir | The nadir is the direction pointing directly below a particular location; that is, it is one of two vertical directions at a specified location, orthogonal to a horizontal flat surface.
The direction opposite of the nadir is the zenith.
Definitions
Space science
Since the concept of being below is itself somewhat va... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper%20set | In mathematics, an upper set (also called an upward closed set, an upset, or an isotone set in X) of a partially ordered set is a subset with the following property: if s is in S and if x in X is larger than s (that is, if ), then x is in S. In other words, this means that any x element of X that is to some element ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LliureX | LliureX () is a project of the Generalitat Valenciana with the goal of introducing new ICTs based on free software in the Valencian Community education system.
It is a Linux distribution that is used on over 110,000 PCs in schools in the Valencia region.
Originally it was based on Debian but since version 7.09 it is ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FlexRay | FlexRay is an automotive network communications protocol developed by the FlexRay Consortium to govern on-board automotive computing. It is designed to be faster and more reliable than CAN and TTP, but it is also more expensive. The FlexRay consortium disbanded in 2009, but the FlexRay standard is now a set of ISO stan... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flour%20bleaching%20agent | Flour bleaching agent is the agent added to fresh milled grains to whiten the flour by removing the yellow colour pigment called xanthophyll. It whitens the flour, which is used in the baking industry.
Overview
Usual flour bleaching agents are:
Organic peroxides (benzoyl peroxide)
Calcium peroxide
Chlorine
Chlorine di... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azodicarbonamide | Azodicarbonamide, ADCA, ADA, or azo(bis)formamide, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula . It is a yellow to orange-red, odorless, crystalline powder. It is sometimes called a 'yoga mat' chemical because of its widespread use in foamed plastics. It was first described by John Bryden in 1959.
Synthesis
It i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxanometer | An auxanometer (Gr. = "to grow" + metron= "measure") is an apparatus for measuring increase of growth in plants.
In case of an arc-auxanometer (see picture), there is a thin cord fixed to the plant apex on one end and a dead-weight on the other with a pointer indicating against an arc scale. In some forms it passes ov... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9minaire%20Nicolas%20Bourbaki | The Séminaire Nicolas Bourbaki (Bourbaki Seminar) is a series of seminars (in fact public lectures with printed notes distributed) that has been held in Paris since 1948. It is one of the major institutions of contemporary mathematics, and a barometer of mathematical achievement, fashion, and reputation. It is named a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniface%20%28programming%20language%29 | Uniface is a low-code development and deployment platform for enterprise applications that can run in a large range of runtime environments, including mobile, mainframe, web, Service-oriented architecture (SOA), Windows, Java EE, and .NET. Uniface is used to create mission-critical applications.
Uniface applications ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packaging%20gas | A packaging gas is used to pack sensitive materials such as food into a modified atmosphere environment. The gas used is usually inert, or of a nature that protects the integrity of the packaged goods, inhibiting unwanted chemical reactions such as food spoilage or oxidation. Some may also serve as a propellant for aer... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Path%20integration | Path integration is the method thought to be used by animals for dead reckoning.
History
Charles Darwin first postulated an inertially-based navigation system in animals in 1873. Studies beginning in the middle of the 20th century confirmed that animals could return directly to a starting point, such as a nest, in t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tears%20of%20wine | The phenomenon called tears of wine is manifested as a ring of clear liquid, near the top of a glass of wine, from which droplets continuously form and drop back into the wine. It is most readily observed in a wine which has a high alcohol content. It is also referred to as wine legs, fingers, curtains, church window... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hysteresivity | Hysteresivity derives from “hysteresis”, meaning “lag”. It is the tendency to react slowly to an outside force, or to not return completely to its original state. Whereas the area within a hysteresis loop represents energy dissipated to heat and is an extensive quantity with units of energy, the hysteresivity repres... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequestrant | A sequestrant is a food additive which improves the quality and stability of foods. A sequestrant forms chelate complexes with polyvalent metal ions, especially copper, iron and nickel. This can prevent the oxidation of the fats in the food. Sequestrants are therefore a type of preservative.
The name comes from Latin ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doubly%20stochastic%20matrix | In mathematics, especially in probability and combinatorics, a doubly stochastic matrix
(also called bistochastic matrix) is a square matrix of nonnegative real numbers, each of whose rows and columns sums to 1, i.e.,
Thus, a doubly stochastic matrix is both left stochastic and right stochastic.
Indeed, any matrix ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firming%20agent | Firming agents are food additives added in order to precipitate residual pectin, thus strengthening the structure of the food and preventing its collapse during processing.
These are salts, typically lactates or phosphates, calcium salts or aluminum sulfates.
They are mainly used for (fresh) fruit and vegetables. For... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edubuntu | Edubuntu, previously known as Ubuntu Education Edition, is an official derivative of the Ubuntu operating system designed for use in classrooms inside schools, homes and communities.
Edubuntu is developed in collaboration with teachers and technologists in several countries. Edubuntu is built on top of the Ubuntu base... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsiventral | A dorsiventral (Lat. dorsum, "the back", venter, "the belly") organ is one that has two surfaces differing from each other in appearance and structure, as an ordinary leaf. This term has also been used as a synonym for dorsoventral organs, those that extend from a dorsal to a ventral surface.
This word is also used to ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strobogrammatic%20number | A strobogrammatic number is a number whose numeral is rotationally symmetric, so that it appears the same when rotated 180 degrees. In other words, the numeral looks the same right-side up and upside down (e.g., 69, 96, 1001). A strobogrammatic prime is a strobogrammatic number that is also a prime number, i.e., a numb... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurosh%20problem | In mathematics, the Kurosh problem is one general problem, and several more special questions, in ring theory. The general problem is known to have a negative solution, since one of the special cases has been shown to have counterexamples. These matters were brought up by Aleksandr Gennadievich Kurosh as analogues of t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pencil%20%28geometry%29 | In geometry, a pencil is a family of geometric objects with a common property, for example the set of lines that pass through a given point in a plane, or the set of circles that pass through two given points in a plane.
Although the definition of a pencil is rather vague, the common characteristic is that the pencil ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signed%20zero | Signed zero is zero with an associated sign. In ordinary arithmetic, the number 0 does not have a sign, so that −0, +0 and 0 are equivalent. However, in computing, some number representations allow for the existence of two zeros, often denoted by −0 (negative zero) and +0 (positive zero), regarded as equal by the numer... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloger%27s%20rule | Gloger's rule is an ecogeographical rule which states that within a species of endotherms, more heavily pigmented forms tend to be found in more humid environments, e.g. near the equator. It was named after the zoologist Constantin Wilhelm Lambert Gloger, who first remarked upon this phenomenon in 1833 in a review of ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma%20matrices | In mathematical physics, the gamma matrices, also called the Dirac matrices, are a set of conventional matrices with specific anticommutation relations that ensure they generate a matrix representation of the Clifford algebra It is also possible to define higher-dimensional gamma matrices. When interpreted as the ma... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behrens%E2%80%93Fisher%20problem | In statistics, the Behrens–Fisher problem, named after Walter-Ulrich Behrens and Ronald Fisher, is the problem of interval estimation and hypothesis testing concerning the difference between the means of two normally distributed populations when the variances of the two populations are not assumed to be equal, based on... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klein%20geometry | In mathematics, a Klein geometry is a type of geometry motivated by Felix Klein in his influential Erlangen program. More specifically, it is a homogeneous space X together with a transitive action on X by a Lie group G, which acts as the symmetry group of the geometry.
For background and motivation see the article on... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serre%27s%20modularity%20conjecture | In mathematics, Serre's modularity conjecture, introduced by , states that an odd, irreducible, two-dimensional Galois representation over a finite field arises from a modular form. A stronger version of this conjecture specifies the weight and level of the modular form. The conjecture in the level 1 case was proved by... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical%20clock | A chemical clock (or clock reaction) is a complex mixture of reacting chemical compounds in which the onset of an observable property (discoloration or coloration) occurs after a predictable induction time due to the presence of clock species at a detectable amount.
In cases where one of the reagents has a visible col... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical%20Data%20Display%20Manager | GDDM (Graphical Data Display Manager) is a computer graphics system for the IBM System/370 which was developed in IBM's Hursley lab, and first released in 1979. GDDM was originally designed to provide programming support for the IBM 3279 colour display terminal and the associated 3287 colour printer. The 3279 was a col... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime%20vertical | In astronomy, astrology, and geodesy, the prime vertical or first vertical is the vertical circle passing east and west through the zenith of a specific location, and intersecting the horizon in its east and west points.
In other words, the prime vertical is the vertical circle perpendicular to the meridian, and passes... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General%20Service%20Code | General Service Code is a code that was used during the American Civil War. The code uses one flag or two torches.
The flags come in three color schemes: a red square in the middle of a white background, white on black, or black on white. The flag that is used at any time depends on the visibility.
The flags come in ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural%20gum | Natural gums are polysaccharides of natural origin, capable of causing a large increase in a solution's viscosity, even at small concentrations. They are mostly botanical gums, found in the woody elements of plants or in seed coatings.
Human uses
Gums are used in the food industry as thickening agents, gelling agents,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glazing%20agent | A glazing agent is a natural or synthetic substance that provides a waxy, homogeneous, coating to prevent water loss from a surface and provide other protection.
Natural
Natural glazing agents keep moisture inside plants and insects. Scientists harnessed this characteristic in coatings made of substances classified a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candelilla%20wax | Candelilla wax is a wax derived from the leaves of the small Candelilla shrub native to northern Mexico and the southwestern United States, Euphorbia antisyphilitica, from the family Euphorbiaceae. It is yellowish-brown, hard, brittle, aromatic, and opaque to translucent.
Composition and production
With a melting poin... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IFolder | iFolder is an open-source application, developed by Novell, Inc., intended to allow cross-platform file sharing across computer networks.
iFolder operates on the concept of shared folders, where a folder is marked as shared and the contents of the folder are then synchronized to other computers over a network, either ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest-fire%20model | In applied mathematics, a forest-fire model is any of a number of dynamical systems displaying self-organized criticality. Note, however, that according to Pruessner et al. (2002, 2004) the forest-fire model does not behave critically on very large, i.e. physically relevant scales. Early versions go back to Henley (198... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olami%E2%80%93Feder%E2%80%93Christensen%20model | In physics, in the area of dynamical systems, the Olami–Feder–Christensen model is an earthquake model conjectured to be an example of self-organized criticality where local exchange dynamics are not conservative. Despite the original claims of the authors and subsequent claims of other authors such as Lise, whether or... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bak%E2%80%93Sneppen%20model | The Bak–Sneppen model is a simple model of co-evolution between interacting species. It was developed to show how self-organized criticality may explain key features of the fossil record, such as the distribution of sizes of extinction events and the phenomenon of punctuated equilibrium. It is named after Per Bak and K... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blown%20plate%20glass | Blown plate is a hand-blown glass. There is a record of blown plate being produced in London in 1620.
Production
Blown plate was made by hand-grinding broad sheet glass. As the process was labour-intensive, and expensive, blown plate was mainly used for carriages and mirrors rather than in windows for buildings.
Other... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broad%20sheet%20glass | Broad sheet is a type of hand-blown glass. It was first made in Sussex in 1226.
Production
It is made by blowing molten glass into an elongated tube shape with a blowpipe. Then, while the glass is still hot, the ends are cut off and the resulting cylinder is split with shears and flattened on an iron plate. The quali... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polished%20plate%20glass | Polished plate is a type of hand-made glass. It is produced by casting glass onto a table and then subsequently grinding and polishing the glass. This was originally done by hand, and then later by machine. It was an expensive process requiring a large capital investment.
Other methods of producing hand-blown window g... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine%20drawn%20cylinder%20sheet%20glass | Machine drawn cylinder sheet was the first mechanical method for "drawing" window glass. Cylinders of glass 40 feet (12 m) high are drawn vertically from a circular tank. The glass is then annealed and cut into 7 to 10 foot (2 to 3 m) cylinders. These are cut lengthways, reheated, and flattened.
This process was inve... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanmina%20Corporation | Sanmina Corporation is an American electronics manufacturing services (EMS) provider headquartered in San Jose, California that serves original equipment manufacturers in communications and computer hardware fields. The firm has nearly 80 manufacturing sites, and is one of the world’s largest independent manufacturers ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational%20finance | Computational finance is a branch of applied computer science that deals with problems of practical interest in finance. Some slightly different definitions are the study of data and algorithms currently used in finance and the mathematics of computer programs that realize financial models or systems.
Computational fi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MDSP | MDSP is a multiprocessor DSP family from Cradle Technologies. Currently used mostly in streaming video processing in broadcast (internet and terrestrial) and video surveillance security markets.
It is a loosely coupled architecture that employs compute and Input/output (IO) subsystems with programmable (software defi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central%20tolerance | In immunology, central tolerance (also known as negative selection) is the process of eliminating any developing T or B lymphocytes that are autoreactive, i.e. reactive to the body itself. Through elimination of autoreactive lymphocytes, tolerance ensures that the immune system does not attack self peptides. Lymphocyte... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics%20of%20Sudoku | Mathematics can be used to study Sudoku puzzles to answer questions such as "How many filled Sudoku grids are there?", "What is the minimal number of clues in a valid puzzle?" and "In what ways can Sudoku grids be symmetric?" through the use of combinatorics and group theory.
The analysis of Sudoku is generally divide... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ergodic%20sequence | In mathematics, an ergodic sequence is a certain type of integer sequence, having certain equidistribution properties.
Definition
Let be an infinite, strictly increasing sequence of positive integers. Then, given an integer q, this sequence is said to be ergodic mod q if, for all integers , one has
where
and card ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global%20Atmosphere%20Watch | The Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) is a worldwide system established by the World Meteorological Organizationa United Nations agencyto monitor trends in the Earth's atmosphere. It arose out of concerns for the state of the atmosphere in the 1960s.
Mission
The Global Atmosphere Watch's mission is quite straightforward,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cipher%20runes | Cipher runes, or cryptic runes, are the cryptographical replacement of the letters of the runic alphabet.
Preservation
The knowledge of cipher runes was best preserved in Iceland, and during the 17th–18th centuries, Icelandic scholars produced several treatises on the subject. The most notable of these is the manuscr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibbing | Gibbing is the process of preparing salt herring (or soused herring), in which the gills and part of the gullet are removed from the fish, eliminating any bitter taste. The liver and pancreas are left in the fish during the salt-curing process because they release enzymes essential for flavor. The fish is then cured in... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web%20API | A web API is an application programming interface (API) for either a web server or a web browser.
As a web development concept, it can be related to a web application's client side (including any web frameworks being used).
A server-side web API consists of one or more publicly exposed endpoints to a defined request–... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Wenninger%20polyhedron%20models | This is an indexed list of the uniform and stellated polyhedra from the book Polyhedron Models, by Magnus Wenninger.
The book was written as a guide book to building polyhedra as physical models. It includes templates of face elements for construction and helpful hints in building, and also brief descriptions on the t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhizosphere | The rhizosphere is the narrow region of soil or substrate that is directly influenced by root secretions and associated soil microorganisms known as the root microbiome. Soil pores in the rhizosphere can contain many bacteria and other microorganisms that feed on sloughed-off plant cells, termed rhizodeposition, and th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbifold%20notation | In geometry, orbifold notation (or orbifold signature) is a system, invented by the mathematician William Thurston and promoted by John Conway, for representing types of symmetry groups in two-dimensional spaces of constant curvature. The advantage of the notation is that it describes these groups in a way which indic... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hub%20dynamo | A hub dynamo is a small electrical generator built into the hub of a bicycle wheel that is usually used to power lights. Often the hub "dynamo" is not actually a dynamo, which creates DC, but a low-power magneto that creates AC. Most modern hub dynamos are regulated to 3 watts at 6 volts, although some will drive up to... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error%20threshold%20%28evolution%29 | In evolutionary biology and population genetics, the error threshold (or critical mutation rate) is a limit on the number of base pairs a self-replicating molecule may have before mutation will destroy the information in subsequent generations of the molecule. The error threshold is crucial to understanding "Eigen's p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissection%20problem | In geometry, a dissection problem is the problem of partitioning a geometric figure (such as a polytope or ball) into smaller pieces that may be rearranged into a new figure of equal content. In this context, the partitioning is called simply a dissection (of one polytope into another). It is usually required that the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NEC%20V25 | The NEC V25 (μPD70320) is the microcontroller version of the NEC V20 processor, manufactured by NEC Corporation. Features include:
NEC V20 core: 8-bit external data path, 20-bit address bus, machine code compatible with the Intel 8088
Timers
Internal interrupt controller
Dual-channel UART and baud rate generator f... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eva%20%28social%20network%29 | eva is a video social network that allows users to record and post short, spontaneous videos from their mobile phones.
Overview
eva is a mobile app and social networking service that was launched by Forbidden Technologies plc - creator of cloud-based video editing software FORscene - in summer 2015. Its co-founders i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Wallace%20Black | James Wallace Black (February 10, 1825 – January 5, 1896), known professionally as J.W. Black, was an early American photographer whose career was marked by experimentation and innovation.
Biography
He was born on February 10, 1825, in Francestown, New Hampshire.
After trying his luck as a painter in Boston, he turn... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcel%20Vogel | Marcel Joseph Vogel (April 14, 1917 – February 12, 1991) was a research scientist working at the IBM San Jose Research Center for 27 years. He is sometimes referred to as Dr. Vogel, although this title was based on an honorary degree, not a Ph.D. Later in his career, he became interested in various theories of quartz c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodore%20LCD | The Commodore LCD (sometimes known in short as the CLCD) is an LCD-equipped laptop made by Commodore International. It was presented at the January 1985 Consumer Electronics Show, but never released. The CLCD was not directly compatible with other Commodore home computers, but its built-in Commodore BASIC 3.6 interpre... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sativum | Sativa, sativus, and sativum are Latin botanical adjectives meaning cultivated. It is often associated botanically with plants that promote good health and used to designate certain seed-grown domestic crops.
Usage
Sativa (ending in -a) is the feminine form of the adjective, but masculine (-us) and neuter (-um) ending... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icebox | An icebox (also called a cold closet) is a compact non-mechanical refrigerator which was a common early-twentieth-century kitchen appliance before the development of safely powered refrigeration devices. Before the development of electric refrigerators, iceboxes were referred to by the public as "refrigerators". Only a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zope%20Object%20Database | The Zope Object Database (ZODB) is an object-oriented database for transparently and persistently storing Python objects. It is included as part of the Zope web application server, but can also be used independently of Zope.
Features of the ZODB include: transactions, history/undo, transparently pluggable storage, bui... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-order | A pre-order is an order placed for an item that has not yet been released. The idea for pre-orders came because people found it hard to get popular items in stores because of their popularity. Companies then had the idea to allow customers to reserve their own personal copy before its release, which has been a huge suc... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20combinatorial%20computational%20geometry%20topics | List of combinatorial computational geometry topics enumerates the topics of computational geometry that states problems in terms of geometric objects as discrete entities and hence the methods of their solution are mostly theories and algorithms of combinatorial character.
See List of numerical computational geometry... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncorrelated%20asymmetry | In game theory an uncorrelated asymmetry is an arbitrary asymmetry in a game which is otherwise symmetrical. The name 'uncorrelated asymmetry' is due to John Maynard Smith who called payoff relevant asymmetries in games with similar roles for each player 'correlated asymmetries' (note that any game with correlated asy... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20numerical%20computational%20geometry%20topics | List of numerical computational geometry topics enumerates the topics of computational geometry that deals with geometric objects as continuous entities and applies methods and algorithms of nature characteristic to numerical analysis. This area is also called "machine geometry", computer-aided geometric design, and ge... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sipser%E2%80%93Lautemann%20theorem | In computational complexity theory, the Sipser–Lautemann theorem or Sipser–Gács–Lautemann theorem states that bounded-error probabilistic polynomial (BPP) time is contained in the polynomial time hierarchy, and more specifically Σ2 ∩ Π2.
In 1983, Michael Sipser showed that BPP is contained in the polynomial time hiera... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duophonic | Duophonic sound was a trade name for a type of audio signal processing used by Capitol Records on certain releases and re-releases of mono recordings issued during the 1960s and 1970s. In this process monaural recordings were reprocessed into a type of artificial stereo. Generically, the sound is commonly known as fake... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopolin | Monopolin is a protein complex that in budding yeast is composed of the four proteins CSM1, HRR25, LRS4, and MAM1. Monopolin is required for the segregation of homologous centromeres to opposite poles of a dividing cell during anaphase I of meiosis. This occurs by bridging DSN1 kinetochore proteins to sister kinetochor... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separatrix%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, a separatrix is the boundary separating two modes of behaviour in a differential equation.
Example: simple pendulum
Consider the differential equation describing the motion of a simple pendulum:
where denotes the length of the pendulum, the gravitational acceleration and the angle between the pend... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dihedral%20symmetry%20in%20three%20dimensions | In geometry, dihedral symmetry in three dimensions is one of three infinite sequences of point groups in three dimensions which have a symmetry group that as an abstract group is a dihedral group Dihn (for n ≥ 2).
Types
There are 3 types of dihedral symmetry in three dimensions, each shown below in 3 notations: Schön... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Lady%20Tasting%20Tea | The Lady Tasting Tea: How Statistics Revolutionized Science in the Twentieth Century () is a book by David Salsburg about the history of modern statistics and the role it played in the development of science and industry.
The title comes from the "lady tasting tea", an example from the famous book, The Design of Exper... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tombstone%20%28programming%29 | Tombstones are a mechanism to detect dangling pointers and mitigate the problems they can cause in computer programs. Dangling pointers can appear in certain computer programming languages, e.g. C, C++ and assembly languages.
A tombstone is a structure that acts as an intermediary between a pointer and its target, oft... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interprime | In mathematics, an interprime is the average of two consecutive odd primes. For example, 9 is an interprime because it is the average of 7 and 11. The first interprimes are:
4, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 26, 30, 34, 39, 42, 45, 50, 56, 60, 64, 69, 72, 76, 81, 86, 93, 99, ...
Interprimes cannot be prime themselves (otherwis... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioctl | In computing, ioctl (an abbreviation of input/output control) is a system call for device-specific input/output operations and other operations which cannot be expressed by regular system calls. It takes a parameter specifying a request code; the effect of a call depends completely on the request code. Request codes ar... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layered%20Service%20Provider | Layered Service Provider (LSP) is a deprecated feature of the Microsoft Windows Winsock 2 Service Provider Interface (SPI). A Layered Service Provider is a DLL that uses Winsock APIs to attempt to insert itself into the TCP/IP protocol stack. Once in the stack, a Layered Service Provider can intercept and modify inboun... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic%20wave%20equation | The electromagnetic wave equation is a second-order partial differential equation that describes the propagation of electromagnetic waves through a medium or in a vacuum. It is a three-dimensional form of the wave equation. The homogeneous form of the equation, written in terms of either the electric field or the mag... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odious%20number | In number theory, an odious number is a positive integer that has an odd number of 1s in its binary expansion. Non-negative integers that are not odious are called evil numbers.
In computer science, an odious number is said to have odd parity.
Examples
The first odious numbers are:
Properties
If denotes the th odio... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalorganic%20vapour-phase%20epitaxy | Metalorganic vapour-phase epitaxy (MOVPE), also known as organometallic vapour-phase epitaxy (OMVPE) or metalorganic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD), is a chemical vapour deposition method used to produce single- or polycrystalline thin films. It is a process for growing crystalline layers to create complex semicond... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulegone | Pulegone is a naturally occurring organic compound obtained from the essential oils of a variety of plants such as Nepeta cataria (catnip), Mentha piperita, and pennyroyal. It is classified as a monoterpene.
Pulegone is a clear colorless oily liquid and has a pleasant odor similar to pennyroyal, peppermint and camphor... |
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