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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database%20tuning
Database tuning describes a group of activities used to optimize and homogenize the performance of a database. It usually overlaps with query tuning, but refers to design of the database files, selection of the database management system (DBMS) application, and configuration of the database's environment (operating sys...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean%20Tirole
Jean Tirole (born 9 August 1953) is a French professor of economics at Toulouse 1 Capitole University. He focuses on industrial organization, game theory, banking and finance, and psychology. Especially he focused on regulation of economics where he wants that it will not hinder the innovation and it will keeps a fair ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incremental%20backup
An incremental backup is one in which successive copies of the data contain only the portion that has changed since the preceding backup copy was made. When a full recovery is needed, the restoration process would need the last full backup plus all the incremental backups until the point of restoration. Incremental ba...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthroposystem
The term anthroposystem is used to describe the anthropological analogue to the ecosystem. In other words, the anthroposystem model serves to compare the flow of materials through human systems to those in naturally occurring systems. As defined by Santos, an anthroposystem is "the orderly combination or arrangement o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De%20Furtivis%20Literarum%20Notis
De Furtivis Literarum Notis (On the Secret Symbols of Letters) is a 1563 book on cryptography written by Giambattista della Porta. The book includes three sets of cypher discs for coding and decoding messages and a substitution cipher improving on the work of Al-Qalqashandi. References 1563 books Cryptography books ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet%20Automatic%20Protection%20Switching
Ethernet Automatic Protection Switching (EAPS) is used to create a fault tolerant topology by configuring a primary and secondary path for each VLAN. Invented by Extreme Networks and submitted to IETF as RFC3619. The idea is to provide highly available Ethernet switched rings (commonly used in Metro Ethernet) to repl...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecospirituality
Ecospirituality connects the science of ecology with spirituality. It brings together religion and environmental activism. Ecospirituality has been defined as "a manifestation of the spiritual connection between human beings and the environment." The new millennium and the modern ecological crisis has created a need fo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photochemical%20logic%20gate
A photochemical logic gate is based on the photochemical intersystem crossing and molecular electronic transition between photochemically active molecules, leading to logic gates that can be produced. The OR gate electron–photon transfer chain _A* A* = excited state of molecule A _B* ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Period-doubling%20bifurcation
In dynamical systems theory, a period-doubling bifurcation occurs when a slight change in a system's parameters causes a new periodic trajectory to emerge from an existing periodic trajectory—the new one having double the period of the original. With the doubled period, it takes twice as long (or, in a discrete dynamic...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenith%20Z-89
The Z-89 is a personal computer introduced in 1979 by Heathkit, but produced primarily by Zenith Data Systems (ZDS) in the early 1980s. It combined an updated version of the Heathkit H8 microcomputer and H19 terminal in a new case that also provided room for a built-in floppy disk on the right side of the display. Base...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elgato
Elgato is a brand of consumer technology products. The brand was manufactured and designed by Elgato Systems, founded in 2010 by Markus Fest and was headquartered in Munich, Germany, until 2018 when the brand was sold to Corsair. History The brand, Elgato, was formerly a brand of Elgato Systems. The Elgato brand was...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometric%20topology%20%28object%29
In mathematics, the geometric topology is a topology one can put on the set H of hyperbolic 3-manifolds of finite volume. Use Convergence in this topology is a crucial ingredient of hyperbolic Dehn surgery, a fundamental tool in the theory of hyperbolic 3-manifolds. Definition The following is a definition due to Tro...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Password%20strength
Password strength is a measure of the effectiveness of a password against guessing or brute-force attacks. In its usual form, it estimates how many trials an attacker who does not have direct access to the password would need, on average, to guess it correctly. The strength of a password is a function of length, comple...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple%20single-level
Multiple single-level or multi-security level (MSL) is a means to separate different levels of data by using separate computers or virtual machines for each level. It aims to give some of the benefits of multilevel security without needing special changes to the OS or applications, but at the cost of needing extra hard...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NetTop
NetTop is an NSA project to run Multiple Single-Level systems with a Security-Enhanced Linux host running VMware with Windows as a guest operating system. NetTop has . External links NSA web page on NetTop VMware PR page on NetTop HP NetTop web page TCS Trusted Workstation based on NetTop Linux security software Nat...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SBML
The Systems Biology Markup Language (SBML) is a representation format, based on XML, for communicating and storing computational models of biological processes. It is a free and open standard with widespread software support and a community of users and developers. SBML can represent many different classes of biologica...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double%20heterostructure
A double heterostructure, sometimes called double heterojunction, is formed when two semiconductor materials are grown into a "sandwich". One material (such as AlGaAs) is used for the outer layers (or cladding), and another of smaller band gap (such as GaAs) is used for the inner layer. In this example, there are two A...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baranov%20Central%20Institute%20of%20Aviation%20Motor%20Development
The P. I. Baranov Central Institute of Aviation Motor Development (also known as the "Central Institute for Aviation Motor Development named after P. I. Baranov" or simply "Central Institute of Aviation Motors", CIAM or TsIAM, Tsentralniy Institut Aviatsionnogo Motorostroeniya, ) is the only specialized Russian researc...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU%20Binutils
The GNU Binary Utilities, or , are a set of programming tools for creating and managing binary programs, object files, libraries, profile data, and assembly source code. Tools They were originally written by programmers at Cygnus Solutions. The GNU Binutils are typically used in conjunction with compilers such as the...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurodegenerative%20disease
A neurodegenerative disease is caused by the progressive loss of structure or function of neurons, in the process known as neurodegeneration. Such neuronal damage may ultimately involve cell death. Neurodegenerative diseases include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's dis...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intego
Intego is a Mac and Windows security software company founded in 1997 by Jean-Paul Florencio and Laurent Marteau. The company creates Internet security software for macOS and Windows, including: antivirus, firewall, anti-spam, backup software and data protection software. Intego currently has offices in the U.S. in S...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eckert%E2%80%93Mauchly%20Award
The Eckert–Mauchly Award recognizes contributions to digital systems and computer architecture. It is known as the computer architecture community’s most prestigious award. First awarded in 1979, it was named for John Presper Eckert and John William Mauchly, who between 1943 and 1946 collaborated on the design and co...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%20%28emulator%29
Q is a free emulator software that runs on Mac OS X, including OS X on PowerPC. Q is Mike Kronenberg's port of the open source and generic processor emulator QEMU. Q uses Cocoa and other Apple technologies, such as Core Image and Core Audio, to achieve its emulation. Q can be used to run Windows, or any other operati...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplicity%20of%20infection
In microbiology, the multiplicity of infection or MOI is the ratio of agents (e.g. phage or more generally virus, bacteria) to infection targets (e.g. cell). For example, when referring to a group of cells inoculated with virus particles, the MOI is the ratio of the number of virus particles to the number of target cel...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building%20regulations%20approval
To comply with the Building Act 1984 and the subsequent statutory instruments known as the Building Regulations, Building regulations approval is required to construct certain structures in England and Wales. Construction projects falling into this category are sometimes referred to as "notifiable", however this is dif...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concurrent%20constraint%20logic%20programming
Concurrent constraint logic programming is a version of constraint logic programming aimed primarily at programming concurrent processes rather than (or in addition to) solving constraint satisfaction problems. Goals in constraint logic programming are evaluated concurrently; a concurrent process is therefore programme...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building%20regulations%20in%20the%20United%20Kingdom
Building regulations in the United Kingdom are statutory instruments or statutory regulations that seek to ensure that the policies set out in the relevant legislation are carried out. Building regulations approval is required for most building work in the UK. Building regulations that apply across England and Wales ar...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling%20code
A rolling code (or sometimes called a hopping code) is used in keyless entry systems to prevent replay attacks, where an eavesdropper records the transmission and replays it at a later time to cause the receiver to 'unlock'. Such systems are typical in garage door openers and keyless car entry systems. Techniques C...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cre%20recombinase
Cre recombinase is a tyrosine recombinase enzyme derived from the P1 bacteriophage. The enzyme uses a topoisomerase I-like mechanism to carry out site specific recombination events. The enzyme (38kDa) is a member of the integrase family of site specific recombinase and it is known to catalyse the site specific recombin...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geisenheim%20Grape%20Breeding%20Institute
The Geisenheim Grape Breeding Institute was founded in 1872 and is located in the town of Geisenheim, in Germany's Rheingau region. In 1876 Swiss-born professor Hermann Müller joined the institute, where he developed his namesake grape variety Müller-Thurgau, which became Germany's most-planted grape variety in the 197...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor%20count
The transistor count is the number of transistors in an electronic device (typically on a single substrate or "chip"). It is the most common measure of integrated circuit complexity (although the majority of transistors in modern microprocessors are contained in the cache memories, which consist mostly of the same memo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson%20current%20mirror
A Wilson current mirror is a three-terminal circuit (Fig. 1) that accepts an input current at the input terminal and provides a "mirrored" current source or sink output at the output terminal. The mirrored current is a precise copy of the input current. It may be used as a Wilson current source by applying a constant b...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DenyHosts
DenyHosts is a log-based intrusion-prevention security tool for SSH servers written in Python. It is intended to prevent brute-force attacks on SSH servers by monitoring invalid login attempts in the authentication log and blocking the originating IP addresses. DenyHosts is developed by Phil Schwartz, who is also the d...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gresham%20Professor%20of%20Geometry
The Professor of Geometry at Gresham College, London, gives free educational lectures to the general public. The college was founded for this purpose in 1597, when it appointed seven professors; this has since increased to ten and in addition the college now has visiting professors. The Professor of Geometry is always...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inscribed%20figure
In geometry, an inscribed planar shape or solid is one that is enclosed by and "fits snugly" inside another geometric shape or solid. To say that "figure F is inscribed in figure G" means precisely the same thing as "figure G is circumscribed about figure F". A circle or ellipse inscribed in a convex polygon (or a sphe...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicular%20Technology%20Conference
The Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC) is a semiannual international academic conference on wireless communications organized by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers' Vehicular Technology Society. History The first conference was held in Detroit, Michigan, United States in 1950 and then annually un...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Conference%20on%20Communications
The International Conference on Communications (ICC) is an annual international academic conference organised by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers' Communications Society. The conference grew out of the Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM) when, in 1965, the seventh GLOBECOM was sponsored by ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic%20formula
In mathematical logic, an atomic formula (also known as an atom or a prime formula) is a formula with no deeper propositional structure, that is, a formula that contains no logical connectives or equivalently a formula that has no strict subformulas. Atoms are thus the simplest well-formed formulas of the logic. Compou...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamfered%20dodecahedron
In geometry, the chamfered dodecahedron is a convex polyhedron with 80 vertices, 120 edges, and 42 faces: 30 hexagons and 12 pentagons. It is constructed as a chamfer (edge-truncation) of a regular dodecahedron. The pentagons are reduced in size and new hexagonal faces are added in place of all the original edges. Its ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traverse%20%28surveying%29
Traverse is a method in the field of surveying to establish control networks. It is also used in geodesy. Traverse networks involve placing survey stations along a line or path of travel, and then using the previously surveyed points as a base for observing the next point. Traverse networks have many advantages, includ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECC%20memory
Error correction code memory (ECC memory) is a type of computer data storage that uses an error correction code (ECC) to detect and correct n-bit data corruption which occurs in memory. ECC memory is used in most computers where data corruption cannot be tolerated, like industrial control applications, critical databas...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted%20Network%20Connect
Trusted Network Connect (TNC) is an open architecture for Network Access Control, promulgated by the Trusted Network Connect Work Group (TNC-WG) of the Trusted Computing Group (TCG). History The TNC architecture was first introduced at the RSA Conference in 2005. TNC was originally a network access control standard wi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actuarial%20reserves
In insurance, an actuarial reserve is a reserve set aside for future insurance liabilities. It is generally equal to the actuarial present value of the future cash flows of a contingent event. In the insurance context an actuarial reserve is the present value of the future cash flows of an insurance policy and the tot...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intraspecific%20antagonism
Intraspecific antagonism means a disharmonious or antagonistic interaction between two individuals of the same species. As such, it could be a sociological term, but was actually coined by Alan Rayner and Norman Todd working at Exeter University in the late 1970s, to characterise a particular kind of zone line formed b...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duhamel%27s%20principle
In mathematics, and more specifically in partial differential equations, Duhamel's principle is a general method for obtaining solutions to inhomogeneous linear evolution equations like the heat equation, wave equation, and vibrating plate equation. It is named after Jean-Marie Duhamel who first applied the principle t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mail-sink
Smtp-sink is a utility program in the Postfix Mail software package that implements a "black hole" function. It listens on the named host (or address) and port. It accepts Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) messages from the network and discards them. The purpose is to support measurement of client performance. It is...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child%20development%20stages
Child development stages are the theoretical milestones of child development, some of which are asserted in nativist theories. This article discusses the most widely accepted developmental stages in children. There exists a wide variation in terms of what is considered "normal", caused by variations in genetic, cogniti...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MikroMikko
MikroMikko was a Finnish line of microcomputers released by Nokia Corporation's computer division Nokia Data from 1981 through 1987. MikroMikko was Nokia Data's attempt to enter the business computer market. They were especially designed for good ergonomy. History The first model in the line, MikroMikko 1, was release...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microcom%20Networking%20Protocol
The Microcom Networking Protocols, almost always shortened to MNP, is a family of error-correcting protocols commonly used on early high-speed (2400 bit/s and higher) modems. Originally developed for use on Microcom's own family of modems, the protocol was later openly licensed and used by most of the modem industry, n...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propositional%20directed%20acyclic%20graph
A propositional directed acyclic graph (PDAG) is a data structure that is used to represent a Boolean function. A Boolean function can be represented as a rooted, directed acyclic graph of the following form: Leaves are labeled with (true), (false), or a Boolean variable. Non-leaves are (logical and), (logical o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PWE3
In 2001, the IETF set up the Pseudowire Emulation Edge to Edge working group, and this group was given the initialism PWE3 (the 3 standing for the third power of E, i.e. EEE). The working group was chartered to develop an architecture for service provider edge-to-edge pseudowires and service-specific documents detailin...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accelerated%20Math
Accelerated Math is a daily, progress-monitoring software tool that monitors and manages mathematics skills practice, from preschool math through calculus. It is primarily used by primary and secondary schools, and it is published by Renaissance Learning, Inc. Currently, there are five versions: a desktop version and a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HashClash
HashClash was a volunteer computing project running on the Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (BOINC) software platform to find collisions in the MD5 hash algorithm. It was based at Department of Mathematics and Computer Science at the Eindhoven University of Technology, and Marc Stevens initiated the p...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile%20PCI%20Express%20Module
A Mobile PCI Express Module (MXM) is an interconnect standard for GPUs (MXM Graphics Modules) in laptops using PCI Express created by MXM-SIG. The goal was to create a non-proprietary, industry standard socket, so one could easily upgrade the graphics processor in a laptop, without having to buy a whole new system or r...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake%20ecosystem
A lake ecosystem or lacustrine ecosystem includes biotic (living) plants, animals and micro-organisms, as well as abiotic (non-living) physical and chemical interactions. Lake ecosystems are a prime example of lentic ecosystems (lentic refers to stationary or relatively still freshwater, from the Latin lentus, which m...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Route%20Views
RouteViews is a project founded by the Advanced Network Technology Center at the University of Oregon to allow Internet users to view global Border Gateway Protocol routing information from the perspective of other locations around the internet. Originally created to help Internet Service Providers determine how their ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khansaa%20%28magazine%29
Al-Khansaa was an online women's magazine launched in 2004 by a Saudi branch of al-Qaeda. The magazine claimed to have been founded by Saudi leader Abd-al-Aziz al-Muqrin shortly before his death. It offered advice on first aid for wounded family members, how to raise children to believe in Jihad and physical training...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primordial%20Soup%20%28board%20game%29
Primordial Soup is a board game designed by Doris Matthäus & Frank Nestel and published by Z-Man Games. It was first published in 1997 in Germany by Doris & Frank under the name Ursuppe and this original version won 2nd prize in the 1998 Deutscher Spiele Preis. Theme Each player guides a species of primitive amoeba d...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceramic%20engineering
Ceramic engineering is the science and technology of creating objects from inorganic, non-metallic materials. This is done either by the action of heat, or at lower temperatures using precipitation reactions from high-purity chemical solutions. The term includes the purification of raw materials, the study and producti...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AOSS
AOSS (AirStation One-Touch Secure System) is a system by Buffalo Technology which allows a secure wireless connection to be set up with the push of a button. AirStation residential gateways incorporated a button on the unit to let the user initiate this procedure. AOSS was designed to use the maximum level of security ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Response%20surface%20methodology
In statistics, response surface methodology (RSM) explores the relationships between several explanatory variables and one or more response variables. The method was introduced by George E. P. Box and K. B. Wilson in 1951. The main idea of RSM is to use a sequence of designed experiments to obtain an optimal response...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate%20Guitar
Ultimate Guitar (Ultimate Guitar USA LLC), also known as Ultimate-Guitar.com or simply UG, is an online platform for guitarists and musicians. Its website and mobile application provides guitar tablature catalogues and chord sheets. UG's platform also includes video courses, reviews of music and equipment, interviews w...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coverity
Coverity is a proprietary static code analysis tool from Synopsys. This product enables engineers and security teams to find and fix software defects. Coverity started as an independent software company in 2002 at the Computer Systems Laboratory at Stanford University in Palo Alto, California. It was founded by Benjam...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolic%20waste
Metabolic wastes or excrements are substances left over from metabolic processes (such as cellular respiration) which cannot be used by the organism (they are surplus or toxic), and must therefore be excreted. This includes nitrogen compounds, water, CO2, phosphates, sulphates, etc. Animals treat these compounds as exc...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilbert%20spectrum
The Hilbert spectrum (sometimes referred to as the Hilbert amplitude spectrum), named after David Hilbert, is a statistical tool that can help in distinguishing among a mixture of moving signals. The spectrum itself is decomposed into its component sources using independent component analysis. The separation of the c...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lowry%20protein%20assay
The Lowry protein assay is a biochemical assay for determining the total level of protein in a solution. The total protein concentration is exhibited by a color change of the sample solution in proportion to protein concentration, which can then be measured using colorimetric techniques. It is named for the biochemist ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel%20Transaction%20Manager
Kernel Transaction Manager (KTM) is a component of the Windows operating system kernel in Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008 that enables applications to use atomic transactions on resources by making them available as kernel objects. Overview The transaction engine, which operates in kernel mode, allows for transa...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental%20matrix%20%28computer%20vision%29
In computer vision, the fundamental matrix is a 3×3 matrix which relates corresponding points in stereo images. In epipolar geometry, with homogeneous image coordinates, x and x′, of corresponding points in a stereo image pair, Fx describes a line (an epipolar line) on which the corresponding point x′ on the other im...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP%20sequence%20prediction%20attack
A TCP sequence prediction attack is an attempt to predict the sequence number used to identify the packets in a TCP connection, which can be used to counterfeit packets. The attacker hopes to correctly guess the sequence number to be used by the sending host. If they can do this, they will be able to send counterfeit ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation%20Stella%20Polaris
Operation Stella Polaris was the cover name for an operation in which Finnish signals intelligence records, equipment and personnel were transported to Sweden in late September 1944 after the end of combat on the Finnish-Soviet front in the Second World War. The purpose was to enable the signals intelligence activities...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard%20model%20%28cryptography%29
In cryptography the standard model is the model of computation in which the adversary is only limited by the amount of time and computational power available. Other names used are bare model and plain model. Cryptographic schemes are usually based on complexity assumptions, which state that some problems, such as fact...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDC%20display%20code
Display code is the six-bit character code used by many computer systems manufactured by Control Data Corporation, notably the CDC 6000 series in 1964, the 7600 in 1967 and the following Cyber series in 1971. The CDC 6000 series and their successors had 60 bit words. As such, typical usage packed 10 characters per wo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CER-10
CER model 10 was a vacuum tube, transistor and electronic relay based computer developed at IBK-Vinča and the Mihajlo Pupin Institute (Belgrade) in 1960. It was the first digital computer developed in SFR Yugoslavia, and in Southern Europe. CER-10 was designed by Tihomir Aleksić and his associates (Rajko Tomović, Vuk...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load%20profile
In electrical engineering, a load profile is a graph of the variation in the electrical load versus time. A load profile will vary according to customer type (typical examples include residential, commercial and industrial), temperature and holiday seasons. Power producers use this information to plan how much electr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihajlo%20Pupin%20Institute
Mihajlo Pupin Institute () is an institute based in Belgrade, Serbia. It is named after Mihajlo Idvorski Pupin and is part of the University of Belgrade. It is notable for manufacturing numerous computer systems used in SFR Yugoslavia - especially early CER and later TIM line of computers. Departments The institute i...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logarithmic%20mean
In mathematics, the logarithmic mean is a function of two non-negative numbers which is equal to their difference divided by the logarithm of their quotient. This calculation is applicable in engineering problems involving heat and mass transfer. Definition The logarithmic mean is defined as: for the positive numbe...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dangerous%20Goods%20Safety%20Advisor
A Dangerous Goods Safety Advisor (DGSA) is a consultant or an owner or employee of an organization appointed by an organization that transports, loads, or unloads dangerous goods in the European Union and other countries. This include 48 countries : Albania, Andorra, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and He...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrolytic%20detector
The electrolytic detector, or liquid barretter, was a type of detector (demodulator) used in early radio receivers. First used by Canadian radio researcher Reginald Fessenden in 1903, it was used until about 1913, after which it was superseded by crystal detectors and vacuum tube detectors such as the Fleming valve an...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagged%20Command%20Queuing
Tagged Command Queuing (TCQ) is a technology built into certain ATA and SCSI hard drives. It allows the operating system to send multiple read and write requests to a hard drive. ATA TCQ is not identical in function to the more efficient Native Command Queuing (NCQ) used by SATA drives. SCSI TCQ does not suffer from t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VeryCD
VeryCD is a Chinese website that shares files via eD2k links. The website was begun in September 2003 by Huang Yimeng (). In June 2005, Shanghai Source Networking Technology Co., Ltd (, or VeryCD company) was established. It is a for-profit organization headquartered in Shanghai, China. Today, VeryCD is one of the most...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NEC%20SX-8
The SX-8 is a supercomputer built by NEC Corporation. The SX-8 Series implements an eight-way SMP system in a compact node module and uses an enhanced version of the single chip vector processor that was introduced with the SX-6. The NEC SX-8 processors run at 2 GHz for vectors and 1 GHz for scalar operations. The S...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot-wire%20barretter
The hot-wire barretter was a demodulating detector, invented in 1902 by Reginald Fessenden, that found limited use in early radio receivers. In effect, it was a highly sensitive thermoresistor, which could demodulate amplitude-modulated signals, something that the coherer (the standard detector of the time) could not d...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tautology%20%28logic%29
In mathematical logic, a tautology (from ) is a formula or assertion that is true in every possible interpretation. An example is "x=y or x≠y". Similarly, "either the ball is green, or the ball is not green" is always true, regardless of the colour of the ball. The philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein first applied the ter...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LR-attributed%20grammar
LR-attributed grammars are a special type of attribute grammars. They allow the attributes to be evaluated on LR parsing. As a result, attribute evaluation in LR-attributed grammars can be incorporated conveniently in bottom-up parsing. zyacc is based on LR-attributed grammars. They are a subset of the L-attributed gra...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECLR-attributed%20grammar
ECLR-attributed grammars are a special type of attribute grammars. They are a variant of LR-attributed grammars where an equivalence relation on inherited attributes is used to optimize attribute evaluation. EC stands for equivalence class. Rie is based on ECLR-attributed grammars. External links http://www.is.tite...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topological%20quantum%20computer
A topological quantum computer is a theoretical quantum computer proposed by Russian-American physicist Alexei Kitaev in 1997. It employs quasiparticles in two-dimensional systems, called anyons, whose world lines pass around one another to form braids in a three-dimensional spacetime (i.e., one temporal plus two spati...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reproductive%20value%20%28population%20genetics%29
Reproductive value is a concept in demography and population genetics that represents the discounted number of future female children that will be born to a female of a specific age. Ronald Fisher first defined reproductive value in his 1930 book The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection where he proposed that future o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-Euclidean%20crystallographic%20group
In mathematics, a non-Euclidean crystallographic group, NEC group or N.E.C. group is a discrete group of isometries of the hyperbolic plane. These symmetry groups correspond to the wallpaper groups in euclidean geometry. A NEC group which contains only orientation-preserving elements is called a Fuchsian group, and any...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order%20type
In mathematics, especially in set theory, two ordered sets and are said to have the same order type if they are order isomorphic, that is, if there exists a bijection (each element pairs with exactly one in the other set) such that both and its inverse are monotonic (preserving orders of elements). In the special ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw%20Go%C5%82%C4%85b
Stanisław Gołąb (July 26, 1902 – April 30, 1980) was a Polish mathematician from Kraków, working in particular on the field of affine geometry. In 1932, he proved that the perimeter of the unit disc respect to a given metric can take any value in between 6 and 8, and that these extremal values are obtained if and only...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proofs%20from%20THE%20BOOK
Proofs from THE BOOK is a book of mathematical proofs by Martin Aigner and Günter M. Ziegler. The book is dedicated to the mathematician Paul Erdős, who often referred to "The Book" in which God keeps the most elegant proof of each mathematical theorem. During a lecture in 1985, Erdős said, "You don't have to believe i...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minkowski%20plane
In mathematics, a Minkowski plane (named after Hermann Minkowski) is one of the Benz planes (the others being Möbius plane and Laguerre plane). Classical real Minkowski plane Applying the pseudo-euclidean distance on two points (instead of the euclidean distance) we get the geometry of hyperbolas, because a pseudo-...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO/IEC%2015288
The ISO/IEC 15288 is a technical standard in systems engineering which covers processes and lifecycle stages, developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Planning for the ISO/IEC 15288:2002(E) standard started in 1994 when the need for a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer%20matrix
In mathematics, an integer matrix is a matrix whose entries are all integers. Examples include binary matrices, the zero matrix, the matrix of ones, the identity matrix, and the adjacency matrices used in graph theory, amongst many others. Integer matrices find frequent application in combinatorics. Examples     and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress%20granule
In cellular biology, stress granules are biomolecular condensates in the cytosol composed of proteins and RNAs that assemble into 0.1–2 μm membraneless organelles when the cell is under stress. The mRNA molecules found in stress granules are stalled translation pre-initiation complexes associated with 40S ribosomal sub...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unique%20user
Website popularity is commonly determined using the number of unique users, and the metric is often quoted to potential advertisers or investors. A website's number of unique users is usually measured over a standard period of time, typically a month. "Unique" is a term of art in this context that means distinct and do...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FOUP
FOUP (an acronym for Front Opening Unified Pod or Front Opening Universal Pod) is a specialized plastic carrier designed to hold silicon wafers securely and safely in a controlled environment, and to allow the wafers to be transferred between machines for processing or measurement. FOUPs began to appear along with the...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel%20state%20information
In wireless communications, channel state information (CSI) is the known channel properties of a communication link. This information describes how a signal propagates from the transmitter to the receiver and represents the combined effect of, for example, scattering, fading, and power decay with distance. The method i...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frame%20%28linear%20algebra%29
In linear algebra, a frame of an inner product space is a generalization of a basis of a vector space to sets that may be linearly dependent. In the terminology of signal processing, a frame provides a redundant, stable way of representing a signal. Frames are used in error detection and correction and the design and a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cache%20pollution
Cache pollution describes situations where an executing computer program loads data into CPU cache unnecessarily, thus causing other useful data to be evicted from the cache into lower levels of the memory hierarchy, degrading performance. For example, in a multi-core processor, one core may replace the blocks fetched ...