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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clockwork%20universe | In the history of science, the clockwork universe compares the universe to a mechanical clock. It continues ticking along, as a perfect machine, with its gears governed by the laws of physics, making every aspect of the machine predictable.
History
This idea was very popular among deists during the Enlightenment, wh... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armstrong%20Audio | Armstrong Audio, originally called Armstrong Wireless and Television Ltd. was a British manufacturer of radios and other audio equipment based in London, England. Founded by Claude Charles Jackson in 1932.
History
Initially created to manufacture portable radios, during World War II their factory was used to manufac... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sauroplites | Sauroplites (meaning "saurian hoplite") is a genus of herbivorous ankylosaurian dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of China.
Discovery and naming
In 1930, the Swedish paleontologist Anders Birger Bohlin during the Swedish-Chinese expeditions of Sven Hedin discovered an ankylosaurian fossil near Tebch in Inner Mongolia... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big%20Bang%20%28Singh%20book%29 | Big Bang: The most important scientific discovery of all time and why you need to know about it is a book written by Simon Singh and published in 2004 by Fourth Estate.
Big Bang chronicles the history and development of the Big Bang model of the universe, from the ancient Greek scientists who first measured the distan... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Next-to-Minimal%20Supersymmetric%20Standard%20Model | In particle physics, NMSSM is an acronym for Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model.
It is a supersymmetric extension to the Standard Model that adds an additional singlet chiral superfield to the MSSM and can be used to dynamically generate the term, solving the -problem. Articles about the NMSSM are availab... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seedless%20fruit | A seedless fruit is a fruit developed to possess no mature seeds. Since eating seedless fruits is generally easier and more convenient, they are considered commercially valuable.
Most commercially produced seedless fruits have been developed from plants whose fruits normally contain numerous relatively large hard seed... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCSI%20architectural%20model | The SCSI architectural model provides an abstract view of the way that SCSI devices communicate. It is intended to show how the different SCSI standards are inter-related. The main concepts and terminology of the SCSI architectural model are:
Only the externally observable behavior is defined in SCSI standards.
Th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opportunistic%20encryption | Opportunistic encryption (OE) refers to any system that, when connecting to another system, attempts to encrypt communications channels, otherwise falling back to unencrypted communications. This method requires no pre-arrangement between the two systems.
Opportunistic encryption can be used to combat passive wiretapp... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parched%20grain | Parched grain is grain that has been cooked by dry roasting. It is an ancient foodstuff and is thought to be one of the earliest ways in which the hunter gatherers in the Fertile Crescent ate grains. Historically, it was a common food in the Middle East, as attested by the following Bible quotes:
"On the day after the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reciprocal%20rule | In calculus, the reciprocal rule gives the derivative of the reciprocal of a function f in terms of the derivative of f. The reciprocal rule can be used to show that the power rule holds for negative exponents if it has already been established for positive exponents. Also, one can readily deduce the quotient rule from... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Hero%3A%20Love%20Story%20of%20a%20Spy | The Hero: Love Story of a Spy is a 2003 Indian Hindi-language spy thriller film directed by Anil Sharma and produced by Time Magnetics. It stars Sunny Deol, Preity Zinta and Priyanka Chopra in her Bollywood film debut. Written by Shaktimaan, the film tells the story of an undercover Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) age... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cochlear%20nucleus | The cochlear nuclear (CN) complex comprises two cranial nerve nuclei in the human brainstem, the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN) and the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN).
The ventral cochlear nucleus is unlayered whereas the dorsal cochlear nucleus is layered. Auditory nerve fibers, fibers that travel through the audito... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khan%20Research%20Laboratories | The Dr. A. Q. Khan Research Laboratories, () or KRL for short, is a federally funded, multi-program national research institute and national laboratory site primarily dedicated to uranium enrichment, supercomputing and fluid mechanics. It is managed by the Ministry of Energy for the Government of Pakistan via partnersh... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grain%20growth | In materials science, grain growth is the increase in size of grains (crystallites) in a material at high temperature. This occurs when recovery and recrystallisation are complete and further reduction in the internal energy can only be achieved by reducing the total area of grain boundary. The term is commonly used in... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baldwin%27s%20rules | Baldwin's rules in organic chemistry are a series of guidelines outlining the relative favorabilities of ring closure reactions in alicyclic compounds. They were first proposed by Jack Baldwin in 1976.
Baldwin's rules discuss the relative rates of ring closures of these various types. These terms are not meant to desc... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine%20cave | Wine caves are subterranean structures for the storage and the aging of wine. They are an integral component of the wine industry worldwide. The design and construction of wine caves represents a unique application of underground construction techniques.
The storage of wine in extensive underground space is an extensi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superior%20olivary%20complex | The superior olivary complex (SOC) or superior olive is a collection of brainstem nuclei that functions in multiple aspects of hearing and is an important component of the ascending and descending auditory pathways of the auditory system. The SOC is intimately related to the trapezoid body: most of the cell groups of t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vestibular%20nuclei | The vestibular nuclei (VN) are the cranial nuclei for the vestibular nerve located in the brainstem.
In Terminologia Anatomica they are grouped in both the pons and the medulla in the brainstem.
Structure
Path
The fibers of the vestibular nerve enter the medulla oblongata on the medial side of those of the cochlear,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deposition%20%28phase%20transition%29 | Deposition is the phase transition in which gas transforms into solid without passing through the liquid phase. Deposition is a thermodynamic process. The reverse of deposition is sublimation and hence sometimes deposition is called desublimation.
Applications
Examples
One example of deposition is the process by whi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Straw%20man%20%28dummy%29 | A straw man (ritual doll) is a dummy in the shape of a human usually made up entirely out of straw material, or created by stuffing straw into clothes.
Uses
Straw men are commonly used as scarecrows, combat training targets, swordsmiths' test targets, effigies to be burned, and as rodeo dummies to distract bulls.
Rod... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitudinal%20gradients%20in%20species%20diversity | Species richness, or biodiversity, increases from the poles to the tropics for a wide variety of terrestrial and marine organisms, often referred to as the latitudinal diversity gradient. The latitudinal diversity gradient is one of the most widely recognized patterns in ecology. It has been observed to varying degrees... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis%20set%20superposition%20error | In quantum chemistry, calculations using finite basis sets are susceptible to basis set superposition error (BSSE). As the atoms of interacting molecules (or of different parts of the same molecule - intramolecular BSSE) approach one another, their basis functions overlap. Each monomer "borrows" functions from other ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrocaloric%20effect | The electrocaloric effect is a phenomenon in which a material shows a reversible temperature change under an applied electric field. It is often considered to be the physical inverse of the pyroelectric effect. It should not be confused with the Thermoelectric effect (specifically, the Peltier effect), in which a temp... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flags%20of%20the%20lieutenant%20governors%20of%20Canada | As the viceregal representative of the monarch of Canada, the lieutenant governors of the Canadian provinces have since Confederation been entitled to and have used a personal standard. Within a lieutenant governor's province, this standard has precedence over any other flag, including the national one, though it comes... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhaskar%E2%80%93Jagannathan%20syndrome | Bhaskar–Jagannathan syndrome is an extremely rare genetic disorder and there is a limited amount of information related to it. Similar or related medical conditions are arachnodactyly, aminoaciduria, congenital cataracts, cerebellar ataxia, and delayed developmental milestones.
Signs and symptoms
Bhaskar–Jagannathan ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data%20transfer%20object | In the field of programming a data transfer object (DTO) is an object that carries data between processes. The motivation for its use is that communication between processes is usually done resorting to remote interfaces (e.g., web services), where each call is an expensive operation. Because the majority of the cost o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black%20Report | The Black Report was a 1980 document published by the Department of Health and Social Security (now the Department of Health and Social Care) in the United Kingdom, which was the report of the expert committee into health inequality chaired by Sir Douglas Black. It was demonstrated that although, in general, health ha... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union-closed%20sets%20conjecture | The union-closed sets conjecture, also known as Frankl’s conjecture, is an open problem in combinatorics posed by Péter Frankl in 1979. A family of sets is said to be union-closed if the union of any two sets from the family belongs to the family. The conjecture states: For every finite union-closed family of sets, ot... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMARP | The Multicast MAnet Routing Protocol (MMARP) aims to provide multicast routing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) taking into account interoperation with fixed IP networks with support of IGMP/MLD protocol. This is achieved by the Multicast Internet Gateway (MIG) which is an ad hoc node itself and is responsible for no... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tactile%20transducer | A tactile transducer or "bass shaker" is a device which is made on the principle that low bass frequencies can be felt as well as heard. They can be compared with a common loudspeaker, just that the diaphragm is missing. Instead, another object is used as a diaphragm. A shaker transmits low-frequency vibrations into va... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stronsay%20Beast | The Stronsay Beast was a large globster that washed ashore on the island of Stronsay (at the time spelled Stronsa), in the Orkney Islands, Scotland, after a storm on 25 September 1808. The carcass measured 55 ft (16.8 m) in length, without part of its tail. The Natural History Society (Wernerian Society) of Edinburgh c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European%20Genetics%20Foundation | The European Genetics Foundation (EGF) is a non-profit organization, dedicated to the training of young geneticists active in medicine, to continuing education in genetics/genomics and to the promotion of public understanding of genetics. Its main office is located in Bologna, Italy.
Background
In 1988 Prof. Giovanni ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20the%20Amiga | The Amiga is a family of home computers that were designed and sold by the Amiga Corporation (and later by Commodore Computing International) from 1985 to 1994.
Amiga Corporation
The Amiga's Original Chip Set, code-named Lorraine, was designed by the Amiga Corporation during the end of the first home video game boom.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verifiable%20secret%20sharing | In cryptography, a secret sharing scheme is verifiable if auxiliary information is included that allows players to verify their shares as consistent. More formally, verifiable secret sharing ensures that even if the dealer is malicious there is a well-defined secret that the players can later reconstruct. (In standard ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wadim%20Zudilin | Wadim Zudilin (Вадим Валентинович Зудилин) is a Russian mathematician and number theorist who is active in studying hypergeometric functions and zeta constants. He studied under Yuri V. Nesterenko and worked at Moscow State University, the Steklov Institute of Mathematics, the Max Planck Institute for Mathematics and t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factory%20Interface%20Network%20Service | FINS, Factory Interface Network Service, is a network protocol used by Omron PLCs, over different physical networks like Ethernet, Controller Link, DeviceNet and RS-232C.
The FINS communications service was developed by Omron to provide a consistent way for PLCs and computers on various networks to communicate. Compa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asteroid%20body | An asteroid body is a microscopic finding seen within the giant cells of granulomas in diseases such as sarcoidosis and foreign-body giant cell reactions.
There is controversy about their composition. Traditionally, they were thought to be cytoskeletal elements and to consist primarily of vimentin. However, more rece... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUID | In the x86 architecture, the CPUID instruction (identified by a CPUID opcode) is a processor supplementary instruction (its name derived from CPU Identification) allowing software to discover details of the processor. It was introduced by Intel in 1993 with the launch of the Pentium and SL-enhanced 486 processors.
A p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erd%C5%91s%20conjecture%20on%20arithmetic%20progressions | Erdős' conjecture on arithmetic progressions, often referred to as the Erdős–Turán conjecture, is a conjecture in arithmetic combinatorics (not to be confused with the Erdős–Turán conjecture on additive bases). It states that if the sum of the reciprocals of the members of a set A of positive integers diverges, then A ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas%20Math%20and%20Science%20Coaches%20Association | The Texas Math and Science Coaches Association or TMSCA is an organization for coaches of academic University Interscholastic League teams in Texas middle schools and high schools, specifically those that compete in mathematics and science-related tests.
Events
There are four events in the TMSCA at both the middle a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PowerHouse%20%28programming%20language%29 | PowerHouse is a byte-compiled fourth-generation programming language (or 4GL) originally produced by Quasar Corporation (later renamed Cognos Incorporated) for the Hewlett-Packard HP3000 mini-computer, as well as Data General and DEC VAX/VMS systems. It was initially composed of five components:
QDD, or Quasar Data Di... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Born%20rule | The Born rule (also called Born's rule) is a postulate of quantum mechanics which gives the probability that a measurement of a quantum system will yield a given result. In its simplest form, it states that the probability density of finding a system in a given state, when measured, is proportional to the square of the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Round%20function | In topology and in calculus, a round function is a scalar function ,
over a manifold , whose critical points form one or several connected components, each homeomorphic to the circle
, also called critical loops. They are special cases of Morse-Bott functions.
For instance
For example, let be the torus. Let
Then... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IETF%20Administrative%20Support%20Activity | The full name of IETF is "The Internet Engineering Task Force"which is the premier Internet standards body. It develops open standards through collaboration for open processes.
The IETF Administrative Support Activity (IASA) is an activity housed within the Internet Society (ISOC).
The IASA is described by , an IETF... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apperception | Apperception (from the Latin ad-, "to, toward" and percipere, "to perceive, gain, secure, learn, or feel") is any of several aspects of perception and consciousness in such fields as psychology, philosophy and epistemology.
Meaning in philosophy
The term originates with René Descartes in the form of the word apercevoi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WHOIS | WHOIS (pronounced as the phrase "who is") is a query and response protocol that is used for querying databases that store an Internet resource's registered users or assignees. These resources include domain names, IP address blocks and autonomous systems, but it is also used for a wider range of other information. The ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio%20Reconnaissance%20Platoon | The Radio Reconnaissance Platoon is a specially trained Marine Corps Intelligence element of a United States Marine Corps Radio Battalion. A Radio Reconnaissance Team (RRT) was assigned as the tactical signals intelligence collection element for the Marine Corps Special Operations Command, Detachment One. Regular RRTs ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warm%20dark%20matter | Warm dark matter (WDM) is a hypothesized form of dark matter that has properties intermediate between those of hot dark matter and cold dark matter, causing structure formation to occur bottom-up from above their free-streaming scale, and top-down below their free streaming scale. The most common WDM candidates are ste... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebesgue%27s%20decomposition%20theorem | In mathematics, more precisely in measure theory, Lebesgue's decomposition theorem states that for every two σ-finite signed measures and on a measurable space there exist two σ-finite signed measures and such that:
(that is, is absolutely continuous with respect to )
(that is, and are singular).
These... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axostyle | An axostyle is a sheet of microtubules found in certain protists. It arises from the bases of the flagella, sometimes projecting beyond the end of the cell, and is often flexible or contractile, and so may be involved in movement and provides support for the cell. Axostyles originate in association with a flagellar m... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morinosaurus | Morinosaurus (meaning "Morini lizard", for an ancient people of northern France) was a genus of sauropod dinosaur from an unnamed formation of Kimmeridgian-age Upper Jurassic rocks from Boulogne-sur-Mer, Département du Pas-de-Calais, France. It is an obscure tooth genus sometimes referred to the Lower Cretaceous Englis... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milliken%27s%20tree%20theorem | In mathematics, Milliken's tree theorem in combinatorics is a partition theorem generalizing Ramsey's theorem to infinite trees, objects with more structure than sets.
Let T be a finitely splitting rooted tree of height ω, n a positive integer, and the collection of all strongly embedded subtrees of T of height n. In... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MicroVAX | The MicroVAX is a discontinued family of low-cost minicomputers developed and manufactured by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC). The first model, the MicroVAX I, was introduced in 1983. They used processors that implemented the VAX instruction set architecture (ISA) and were succeeded by the VAX 4000. Many members of... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltimore%20classification | Baltimore classification is a system used to classify viruses based on their manner of messenger RNA (mRNA) synthesis. By organizing viruses based on their manner of mRNA production, it is possible to study viruses that behave similarly as a distinct group. Seven Baltimore groups are described that take into considerat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Function%20point | The function point is a "unit of measurement" to express the amount of business functionality an information system (as a product) provides to a user. Function points are used to compute a functional size measurement (FSM) of software. The cost (in dollars or hours) of a single unit is calculated from past projects.
S... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20reflection | Quantum reflection is a uniquely quantum phenomenon in which an object, such as a neutron or a small molecule, reflects smoothly and in a wavelike fashion from a much larger surface, such as a pool of mercury. A classically behaving neutron or molecule will strike the same surface much like a thrown ball, hitting only ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Year%20of%20Planet%20Earth | The United Nations General Assembly declared 2008 as the International Year of Planet Earth to increase awareness of the importance of Earth sciences for the advancement of sustainable development. UNESCO was designated as the lead agency. The Year's activities spanned the three years 2006–2009.
Goals
The Year aimed t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vagusstoff | Vagusstoff (literally translated from German as "Vagus Substance") refers to the substance released by stimulation of the vagus nerve which causes a reduction in the heart rate. Discovered in 1921 by physiologist Otto Loewi, vagusstoff was the first confirmation of chemical synaptic transmission and the first neurotra... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fill%20device | A fill device or key loader is a module used to load cryptographic keys into electronic encryption machines. Fill devices are usually hand held and electronic ones are battery operated.
Older mechanical encryption systems, such as rotor machines, were keyed by setting the positions of wheels and plugs from a printed ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisosome | Eisosomes ('eis' meaning into or portal and 'soma', meaning body) are large, heterodimeric, immobile protein complexes at the plasma membrane which mark the site of endocytosis in some eukaryotes, and were discovered in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in 2006. Currently, seven genes: Pil1, Lsp1 and Sur7, Eis1, Seg1 ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20Mosses | Peter David Mosses (born 1948) is a British computer scientist.
Peter Mosses studied mathematics as an undergraduate at Trinity College, Oxford, and went on to undertake a DPhil supervised by Christopher Strachey in the Programming Research Group while at Wolfson College, Oxford in the early 1970s. He was the last stu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Token%20economy | A token economy is a system of contingency management based on the systematic reinforcement of target behavior. The reinforcers are symbols or tokens that can be exchanged for other reinforcers. A token economy is based on the principles of operant conditioning and behavioral economics and can be situated within applie... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Watt%20%28computer%20scientist%29 | David Anthony Watt (born 5 November 1946) is a British computer scientist.
Watt is a professor at the University of Glasgow, Scotland. With Peter Mosses he developed action semantics, a combination of denotational semantics, operational and algebraic semantics. He currently teaches a third year programming languages c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clausius%20theorem | The Clausius theorem (1855), also known as the Clausius inequality, states that for a thermodynamic system (e.g. heat engine or heat pump) exchanging heat with external thermal reservoirs and undergoing a thermodynamic cycle, the following inequality holds.
where is the total entropy change in the external thermal re... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grapefruit%20mercaptan | Grapefruit mercaptan is the common name for a natural organic compound found in grapefruit. It is a monoterpenoid that contains a thiol (also known as a mercaptan) functional group. Structurally a hydroxy group of terpineol is replaced by the thiol in grapefruit mercaptan, so it also called thioterpineol. Volatile thi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University%20of%20Waterloo%20Faculty%20of%20Mathematics | The Faculty of Mathematics is one of six faculties of the University of Waterloo in Waterloo, Ontario, offering more than 500 courses in mathematics, statistics and computer science. The faculty also houses the David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, formerly the faculty's computer science department. There are m... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutritional%20science | Nutritional science (also nutrition science, sometimes short nutrition, dated trophology) is the science that studies the physiological process of nutrition (primarily human nutrition), interpreting the nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an org... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometry%20Center | The Geometry Center was a mathematics research and education center at the University of Minnesota. It was established by the National Science Foundation in the late 1980s and closed in 1998. The focus of the center's work was the use of computer graphics and visualization for research and education in pure mathematics... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Harel | David Harel (; born 12 April 1950) is a computer scientist, currently serving as President of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities. He has been on the faculty of the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel since 1980, and holds the William Sussman Professorial Chair of Mathematics. Born in London, England, he ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulkarni%E2%80%93Nomizu%20product | In the mathematical field of differential geometry, the Kulkarni–Nomizu product (named for Ravindra Shripad Kulkarni and Katsumi Nomizu) is defined for two -tensors and gives as a result a -tensor.
Definition
If h and k are symmetric -tensors, then the product is defined via:
where the Xj are tangent vectors and is ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ipsilon%20Networks | Ipsilon Networks was a computer networking company which specialised in IP switching during the 1990s.
The first product called the IP Switch ATM 1600 was announced in March 1996 for US$46,000.
Its switch used Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) hardware combined with Internet Protocol routing.
The company had a role in ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filtered%20category | In category theory, filtered categories generalize the notion of directed set understood as a category (hence called a directed category; while some use directed category as a synonym for a filtered category). There is a dual notion of cofiltered category, which will be recalled below.
Filtered categories
A category... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vakarel%20radio%20transmitter | The Vakarel Transmitter was a large broadcasting facility for long- and medium wave near Vakarel, Bulgaria. The Vakarel Transmitter was inaugurated in 1937. It had one directional antenna consisting of three guyed masts and another consisting of two masts.
The most remarkable mast of the Vakarel Transmitter was the B... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral%20absorption | In plants and animals, mineral absorption, also called mineral uptake is the way in which minerals enter the cellular material, typically following the same pathway as water. In plants, the entrance portal for mineral uptake is usually through the roots. Some mineral ions diffuse in-between the cells. In contrast to... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic%20service-oriented%20architecture | A Semantic Service Oriented Architecture (SSOA) is an architecture that allows for scalable and controlled Enterprise Application Integration solutions. SSOA describes an approach to enterprise-scale IT infrastructure. It leverages rich, machine-interpretable descriptions of data, services, and processes to enable soft... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ristocetin | Ristocetin is a glycopeptide antibiotic, obtained from Amycolatopsis lurida, previously used to treat staphylococcal infections. It is no longer used clinically because it caused thrombocytopenia and platelet agglutination. It is now used solely to assay those functions in vitro in the diagnosis of conditions such as ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J-integral | The J-integral represents a way to calculate the strain energy release rate, or work (energy) per unit fracture surface area, in a material. The theoretical concept of J-integral was developed in 1967 by G. P. Cherepanov and independently in 1968 by James R. Rice, who showed that an energetic contour path integral (cal... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immune%20complex | An immune complex, sometimes called an antigen-antibody complex or antigen-bound antibody, is a molecule formed from the binding of multiple antigens to antibodies. The bound antigen and antibody act as a unitary object, effectively an antigen of its own with a specific epitope. After an antigen-antibody reaction, the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore%20neighborhood | In cellular automata, the Moore neighborhood is defined on a two-dimensional square lattice and is composed of a central cell and the eight cells that surround it.
Name
The neighborhood is named after Edward F. Moore, a pioneer of cellular automata theory.
Importance
It is one of the two most commonly used neighborho... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OldVersion.com | OldVersion.com is an archive website that stores and distributes older versions of primarily Internet-related IBM PC compatible and Apple Macintosh freeware and shareware application software. Alex Levine and Igor Dolgalev founded the site in 2001.
Levine created the site because "Companies make a lot of new versions.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convulxin | Convulxin is a snake venom toxin found in a tropical rattlesnake known as Crotalus durissus terrificus. It belongs to the family of hemotoxins, which destroy red blood cells or, as is the case with convulxin, induce blood coagulation.
It causes platelet activation in the blood, forming clots and buildup of pressure. ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BigDog | BigDog is a dynamically stable quadruped military robot that was created in 2005 by Boston Dynamics with Foster-Miller, the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and the Harvard University Concord Field Station. It was funded by DARPA, but the project was shelved after the BigDog was deemed too loud for combat.
History
B... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometric%20analysis | Geometric analysis is a mathematical discipline where tools from differential equations, especially elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs), are used to establish new results in differential geometry and differential topology. The use of linear elliptic PDEs dates at least as far back as Hodge theory. More recen... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziauddin%20Ahmad | Sir Ziauddin Ahmad (born Ziauddin Ahmed Zuberi; 13 February 1873 – 23 December 1947) was an Indian mathematician, parliamentarian, logician, natural philosopher, politician, political theorist, educationist and a scholar. He was a member of the Aligarh Movement and was a professor, principal of MAO College, first pro ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test%20engineer | A test engineer is a professional who determines how to create a process that would best test a particular product in manufacturing and related disciplines, in order to assure that the product meets applicable specifications. Test engineers are also responsible for determining the best way a test can be performed in or... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine%20competition | A wine competition is an organized event in which trained judges or consumers competitively rate different vintages, categories, and/or brands of wine. Wine competitions generally use blind tasting of wine to prevent bias by the judges.
Types of wine competitions
The common goal of all wine competitions is to obtain v... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hann%20function | The Hann function is named after the Austrian meteorologist Julius von Hann. It is a window function used to perform Hann smoothing. The function, with length and amplitude is given by:
For digital signal processing, the function is sampled symmetrically (with spacing and amplitude ):
which is a sequence of ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postzygotic%20mutation | A postzygotic mutation (or post-zygotic mutation) is a change in an organism's genome that is acquired during its lifespan, instead of being inherited from its parent(s) through fusion of two haploid gametes. Mutations that occur after the zygote has formed can be caused by a variety of sources that fall under two clas... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dodgem | Dodgem is a simple abstract strategy game invented by Colin Vout in 1972 while he was a mathematics student at the University of Cambridge as described in the book Winning Ways. It is played on an n×n board with n-1 cars for each player—two cars each on a 3×3 board is enough for an interesting game, but larger sizes a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytochrome%20b | Cytochrome b within both molecular and cell biology, is a protein found in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells. It functions as part of the electron transport chain and is the main subunit of transmembrane cytochrome bc1 and b6f complexes.
Function
In the mitochondrion of eukaryotes and in aerobic prokaryotes, cyto... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeffrey%20Lagarias | Jeffrey Clark Lagarias (born November 16, 1949 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States) is a mathematician and professor at the University of Michigan.
Education
While in high school in 1966, Lagarias studied astronomy at the Summer Science Program.
He completed an S.B. and S.M. in Mathematics at the Massachusett... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethe%20ansatz | In physics, the Bethe ansatz is an ansatz for finding the exact wavefunctions of certain quantum many-body models, most commonly for one-dimensional lattice models. It was first used by Hans Bethe in 1931 to find the exact eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the one-dimensional antiferromagnetic isotropic (XXX) Heisenberg ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ProCurve | HP ProCurve was the name of the networking division of Hewlett-Packard from 1998 to 2010 and was associated with the products that it sold. The name of the division was changed to HP Networking in September 2010 after HP bought 3Com Corporation.
History
The HP division that became the HP ProCurve division began in Ros... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino%27s%20syndrome | Valentino's syndrome is pain presenting in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen caused by a duodenal ulcer with perforation through the retroperitoneum.
It is named after Rudolph Valentino, an Italian actor, who presented with right lower quadrant pain in New York, which turned out to be a perforated peptic ulcer. ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbaminohemoglobin | Carbaminohemoglobin (carbaminohaemoglobin BrE) (CO2Hb, also known as carbhemoglobin and carbohemoglobin) is a compound of hemoglobin and carbon dioxide, and is one of the forms in which carbon dioxide exists in the blood. Twenty-three percent of carbon dioxide is carried in blood this way (70% is converted into bicar... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samsung%20Q1 | The Samsung Q1 (known as Samsung SENS Q1 in South Korea) was a family of ultra-mobile PCs produced by Samsung Electronics starting in 2007. They had a 7" (18 cm) LCD and were made in several different versions with either Windows XP Tablet PC Edition or Windows Vista Home Premium.
Variations
Q1 series
Samsung Q1
I... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holland%27s%20schema%20theorem | Holland's schema theorem, also called the fundamental theorem of genetic algorithms, is an inequality that results from coarse-graining an equation for evolutionary dynamics. The Schema Theorem says that short, low-order schemata with above-average fitness increase exponentially in frequency in successive generations.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalized%20minimal%20residual%20method | In mathematics, the generalized minimal residual method (GMRES) is an iterative method for the numerical solution of an indefinite nonsymmetric system of linear equations. The method approximates the solution by the vector in a Krylov subspace with minimal residual. The Arnoldi iteration is used to find this vector.
T... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological%20facilitation | Ecological facilitation or probiosis describes species interactions that benefit at least one of the participants and cause harm to neither. Facilitations can be categorized as mutualisms, in which both species benefit, or commensalisms, in which one species benefits and the other is unaffected. This article addresses ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exertion | Exertion is the physical or perceived use of energy. Exertion traditionally connotes a strenuous or costly effort, resulting in generation of force, initiation of motion, or in the performance of work. It often relates to muscular activity and can be quantified, empirically and by measurable metabolic response.
Physic... |
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