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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sippenhaft | Sippenhaft or Sippenhaftung (, kin liability) is a German term for the idea that a family or clan shares the responsibility for a crime or act committed by one of its members, justifying collective punishment. As a legal principle, it was derived from Germanic law in the Middle Ages, usually in the form of fines and co... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consensus%20%28computer%20science%29 | A fundamental problem in distributed computing and multi-agent systems is to achieve overall system reliability in the presence of a number of faulty processes. This often requires coordinating processes to reach consensus, or agree on some data value that is needed during computation. Example applications of consensus... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interkinesis | Interkinesis or interphase II is a period of rest that cells of some species enter during meiosis between meiosis I and meiosis II. No DNA replication occurs during interkinesis; however, replication does occur during the interphase I stage of meiosis (See meiosis I). During interkinesis, the spindles of the first mei... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sum%20of%20angles%20of%20a%20triangle | In a Euclidean space, the sum of angles of a triangle equals the straight angle (180 degrees, radians, two right angles, or a half-turn).
A triangle has three angles, one at each vertex, bounded by a pair of adjacent sides.
It was unknown for a long time whether other geometries exist, for which this sum is different... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State%20machine%20replication | In computer science, state machine replication (SMR) or state machine approach is a general method for implementing a fault-tolerant service by replicating servers and coordinating client interactions with server replicas. The approach also provides a framework for understanding and designing replication management pro... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatopharyngeal%20arch | The palatopharyngeal arch (pharyngopalatine arch, posterior pillar of fauces) is larger and projects farther toward the middle line than the palatoglossal arch; it runs downward, lateralward, and backward to the side of the pharynx, and is formed by the projection of the palatopharyngeal muscle, covered by mucous membr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatoglossal%20arch | The palatoglossal arch (glossopalatine arch, anterior pillar of fauces) on either side runs downward, lateral (to the side), and forward to the side of the base of the tongue, and is formed by the projection of the glossopalatine muscle with its covering mucous membrane. It is the anterior border of the isthmus of the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beam%20dump | A beam dump, also known as a beam block, a beam stop, or a beam trap, is a device designed to absorb the energy of photons or other particles within an energetic beam.
Types of beam dumps
Beam blocks
Beam blocks are simple optical elements that absorb a beam of light using a material with strong absorption and low r... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%20date%20and%20time%20functions | The C date and time functions are a group of functions in the standard library of the C programming language implementing date and time manipulation operations. They provide support for time acquisition, conversion between date formats, and formatted output to strings.
Overview of functions
The C date and time operat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa%20%C3%97%20damascena | Rosa × damascena (Latin for damascene rose), more commonly known as the Damask rose, or sometimes as the Iranian Rose, Bulgarian rose, Turkish rose, Taif rose, Arab rose, Ispahan rose and Castile rose, is a rose hybrid, derived from Rosa gallica and Rosa moschata. DNA analysis has shown that a third species, Rosa fedts... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic%20log%20on | Cryptographic log-on (CLO) is a process that uses Common Access Cards (CAC) and embedded Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) certificates to authenticate a user's identification to a workstation and network. It replaces the username and passwords for identifying and authenticating users. To log-on cryptographically to a ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucous%20membrane%20of%20the%20soft%20palate | The mucous membrane of the soft palate is thin, and covered with stratified squamous epithelium on both surfaces, except near the pharyngeal ostium of the auditory tube, where it is columnar and ciliated.
According to Klein, the mucous membrane on the nasal surface of the soft palate in the fetus is covered throughout... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatine%20glands | The palatine glands form a continuous layer on the posterior surface of the mucous membrane of the soft palate and around the uvula. They are pure mucous glands. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubroboletus%20satanas | Rubroboletus satanas, commonly known as Satan's bolete or the Devil's bolete, is a basidiomycete fungus of the bolete family (Boletaceae) and one of its most infamous members. It was known as Boletus satanas before its transfer to the new genus Rubroboletus in 2014, based on molecular phylogenetic data. Found in broad-... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20critical%20point | A quantum critical point is a point in the phase diagram of a material where a continuous phase transition takes place at absolute zero. A quantum critical point is typically achieved by a continuous suppression of a nonzero temperature phase transition to zero temperature by the application of a pressure, field, or th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sternocostal%20joints | The sternocostal joints, also known as sternochondral joints or costosternal articulations, are synovial plane joints of the costal cartilages of the true ribs with the sternum. The only exception is the first rib, which has a synchondrosis joint since the cartilage is directly united with the sternum. The sternocostal... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead-beat%20control | In discrete-time control theory, the dead-beat control problem consists of finding what input signal must be applied to a system in order to bring the output to the steady state in the smallest number of time steps.
For an Nth-order linear system it can be shown that this minimum number of steps will be at most N (dep... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crick%20Lecture | The Francis Crick Medal and Lecture is a prize lecture of the Royal Society established in 2003 with an endowment from Sydney Brenner, the late Francis Crick's close friend and former colleague. It is delivered annually in biology, particularly the areas which Francis Crick worked (genetics, molecular biology and neur... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear%20matrix%20inequality | In convex optimization, a linear matrix inequality (LMI) is an expression of the form
where
is a real vector,
are symmetric matrices ,
is a generalized inequality meaning is a positive semidefinite matrix belonging to the positive semidefinite cone in the subspace of symmetric matrices .
This linear matrix ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethyl%20pentanoate | Ethyl pentanoate, also commonly known as ethyl valerate, is an organic compound used in flavors. It is an ester with the molecular formula C7H14O2. This colorless liquid is poorly soluble in water but miscible with organic solvents.
As is the case with most volatile esters, it has a pleasant aroma and taste. It is ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butyl%20butyrate | Butyl butyrate, or butyl butanoate, is an organic compound that is an ester formed by the condensation of butyric acid and n-butanol. It is a clear, colorless liquid that is insoluble in water, but miscible with ethanol and diethyl ether. Its refractive index is 1.406 at 20 °C.
Aroma
Like other volatile esters, butyl... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-affinity%20nerve%20growth%20factor%20receptor | The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) was first identified in 1973 as the low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor (LNGFR) before discovery that p75NTR bound other neurotrophins equally well as nerve growth factor. p75NTR is a neurotrophic factor receptor. Neurotrophic factor receptors bind Neurotrophins including Ne... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antarafacial%20and%20suprafacial | Antarafacial (Woodward-Hoffmann symbol a) and suprafacial (s) are two topological concepts in organic chemistry describing the relationship between two simultaneous chemical bond making and/or bond breaking processes in or around a reaction center. The reaction center can be a p- or spn-orbital (Woodward-Hoffmann symb... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social%20organism | Social organism is a sociological concept, or model, wherein a society or social structure is regarded as a "living organism". The various entities comprising a society, such as law, family, crime, etc., are examined as they interact with other entities of the society to meet its needs. Every entity of a society, or s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calciphylaxis | Calciphylaxis, also known as calcific uremic arteriolopathy (CUA) or “Grey Scale”, is a rare syndrome characterized by painful skin lesions. The pathogenesis of calciphylaxis is unclear but believed to involve calcification of the small blood vessels located within the fatty tissue and deeper layers of the skin, blood ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prurigo%20nodularis | Prurigo nodularis (PN), also known as nodular prurigo, is a skin disease characterised by pruritic (itchy) nodules which usually appear on the arms or legs. Patients often present with multiple excoriated lesions caused by scratching. PN is also known as Hyde prurigo nodularis, Picker's nodules, atypical nodular form o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine%20ecosystem | Marine ecosystems are the largest of Earth's aquatic ecosystems and exist in waters that have a high salt content. These systems contrast with freshwater ecosystems, which have a lower salt content. Marine waters cover more than 70% of the surface of the Earth and account for more than 97% of Earth's water supply and 9... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple%20description%20coding | Multiple description coding (MDC) in computing is a coding technique that fragments a single media stream into n substreams (n ≥ 2) referred to as descriptions. The packets of each description are routed over multiple, (partially) disjoint paths. In order to decode the media stream, any description can be used, however... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subaudible%20tone | A subaudible tone is a tone that is used to trigger an automated event at a radio station. A subaudible tone is audible; however, it is usually at a low level that is not noticeable to the average listener at normal volumes. It is a form of in-band signaling.
Overview
These tones are included in the audible main po... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetramethylenedisulfotetramine | Tetramethylenedisulfotetramine (TETS) is an organic compound used as a rodenticide (rat poison). It is an odorless, tasteless white powder that is slightly soluble in water, DMSO and acetone, and insoluble in methanol and ethanol. It is a sulfamide derivative. It can be synthesized by reacting sulfamide with formaldehy... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish%20Food%20Workers%27%20Union | The Swedish Food Workers' Union (, Livs) is a trade union representing workers in the food and drink industries in Sweden.
The union was founded on 1 January 1922, when the Swedish Bakery and Confectionery Workers' Union merged with the Swedish Butchers' Union. Like both its predecessors, it affiliated to the Swedish... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRANK | GRANK, or Global Rank is a ranking of the rarity of a species, and is a useful tool in determining conservation needs.
Global Ranks are derived from a consensus of various conservation data centres, natural heritage programmes, scientific experts and NatureServe.
They are based on the total number of known, extant pop... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NRANK | NRANK, or National Rank, is a ranking of the rarity of a species within a nation. Each nation can assign their own NRANK based on information from conservation data centres, natural heritage programmes, and expert scientists.
Taxonomy (biology) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active%20object | The active object design pattern decouples method execution from method invocation for objects that each reside in their own thread of control. The goal is to introduce concurrency, by using asynchronous method invocation and a scheduler for handling requests.
The pattern consists of six elements:
A proxy, which prov... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid%20signaling | Lipid signaling, broadly defined, refers to any biological cell signaling event involving a lipid messenger that binds a protein target, such as a receptor, kinase or phosphatase, which in turn mediate the effects of these lipids on specific cellular responses. Lipid signaling is thought to be qualitatively different f... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gottfrid%20Svartholm | Per Gottfrid Svartholm Warg (born 17 October 1984), alias anakata, is a Swedish computer specialist, known as the former co-owner of the web hosting company PRQ and co-founder of the BitTorrent site The Pirate Bay together with Fredrik Neij and Peter Sunde.
Parts of an interview with Svartholm commenting on the May 20... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRQ | PRQ is a Swedish Internet service provider and web hosting company created in 2004.
Ownership
Based in Stockholm, PRQ was created by Gottfrid Svartholm and Fredrik Neij, two founders of The Pirate Bay.
Business model
Part of PRQ's business model is to host any customers, regardless of how odd or controversial they m... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ArchNet | Archnet is a collaborative digital humanities project focused on Islamic architecture and the built environment of Muslim societies. Conceptualized in 1998 and originally developed at the MIT School of Architecture and Planning in co-operation with the Aga Khan Trust for Culture. It has been maintained by the Aga Khan... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artin%20billiard | In mathematics and physics, the Artin billiard is a type of a dynamical billiard first studied by Emil Artin in 1924. It describes the geodesic motion of a free particle on the non-compact Riemann surface where is the upper half-plane endowed with the Poincaré metric and is the modular group. It can be viewed as the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICMP%20tunnel | An ICMP tunnel establishes a covert connection between two remote computers (a client and proxy), using ICMP echo requests and reply packets. An example of this technique is tunneling complete TCP traffic over ping requests and replies.
Technical details
ICMP tunneling works by injecting arbitrary data into an echo pa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesticides%20Safety%20Directorate | The Pesticides Safety Directorate was an agency of the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra). It was based in York, England, with about 200 scientific, policy and support staff and was responsible for the authorisation of plant protection products and, from 2005, detergents, in the United Kingdom.
... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monogamy%20in%20animals | Monogamous pairing in animals refers to the natural history of mating systems in which species pair bond to raise offspring. This is associated, usually implicitly, with sexual monogamy.
Monogamous mating
Monogamy is defined as a pair bond between two adult animals of the same species. This pair may cohabitate in an a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voigt%20effect | The Voigt effect is a magneto-optical phenomenon which rotates and elliptizes linearly polarised light sent into an optically active medium. Unlike many other magneto-optical effects such as the Kerr or Faraday effect which are linearly proportional to the magnetization (or to the applied magnetic field for a non magne... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadamard%27s%20dynamical%20system | In physics and mathematics, the Hadamard dynamical system (also called Hadamard's billiard or the Hadamard–Gutzwiller model) is a chaotic dynamical system, a type of dynamical billiards. Introduced by Jacques Hadamard in 1898, and studied by Martin Gutzwiller in the 1980s, it is the first dynamical system to be proven ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abruzzo%E2%80%93Erickson%20syndrome | Abruzzo–Erickson syndrome is an extremely rare disorder characterized by deafness, protruding ears, coloboma, a cleft palate or palatal rugosity, radial synostosis, and short stature. It was first characterized by Abruzzo and Erickson in 1977 as a CHARGE like syndrome as variably expressed among a family of two brother... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Full%20state%20feedback | Full state feedback (FSF), or pole placement, is a method employed in feedback control system theory to place the closed-loop poles of a plant in pre-determined locations in the s-plane. Placing poles is desirable because the location of the poles corresponds directly to the eigenvalues of the system, which control th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advection%20upstream%20splitting%20method | The Advection Upstream Splitting Method (AUSM) is a numerical method used to solve the advection equation in computational fluid dynamics. It is particularly useful for simulating compressible flows with shocks and discontinuities.
The AUSM is developed as a numerical inviscid flux function for solving a general syste... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive%20mapping | Drive mapping is how MS-DOS and Microsoft Windows associate a local drive letter (A through Z) with a shared storage area to another computer (often referred as a File Server) over a network. After a drive has been mapped, a software application on a client's computer can read and write files from the shared storage ar... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do%21%20Run%20Run | Do! Run Run, also known as Super Pierrot (スーパーピエロ Sūpā Piero), is the fourth and final incarnation of Mr. Do!, the Universal video game mascot. Returning to his Mr. Do! roots, the clown has a bouncing powerball with which to hurl at monsters. Mr. Do runs along the playfield picking up dots and leaving a line behind him... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack%20Corliss | John B. ("Jack") Corliss is a scientist who has worked in the fields of geology, oceanography, and the origins of life.
Corliss is a University of California, San Diego Alumnus, receiving his PhD from Scripps Institution of Oceanography in the 1960s. As part of his doctoral work under Jerry van Andel, he analyzed sa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small-world%20routing | In network theory, small-world routing refers to routing methods for small-world networks. Networks of this type are peculiar in that relatively short paths exist between any two nodes. Determining these paths, however, can be a difficult problem from the perspective of an individual routing node in the network if no f... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumferentor | A circumferentor, or surveyor's compass, is an instrument used in surveying to measure horizontal angles. It was superseded by the theodolite in the early 19th century.
A circumferentor consists of a circular brass box containing a magnetic needle, which moves freely over a brass circle, or compass divided into 360 d... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNADS | SNADS or Systems Network Architecture Distribution Services is an "asynchronous
distribution service that can store data for delayed delivery."
SNADS uses SNA data links to allow messages and objects to be sent from system to system using the APPC protocol. It is a very robust service: once an object has been accepte... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentago | Pentago is a two-player abstract strategy game invented by Tomas Flodén.
The game is played on a 6×6 board divided into four 3×3 sub-boards (or quadrants). Taking turns, the two players place a marble of their color (either black or white) onto an unoccupied space on the board, and then rotate one of the sub-boards by... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unbundled%20network%20element | Unbundled network elements (UNEs) are a requirement mandated by the United States Telecommunications Act of 1996. They are the parts of the telecommunications network that the incumbent local exchange carriers (ILECs) are required to offer on an unbundled basis. Together, these parts make up a local loop that connects ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adductor%20tubercle%20of%20femur | The adductor tubercle is a tubercle on the lower extremity of the femur. It is formed where the medial lips of the linea aspera end below at the summit of the medial condyle. It is the insertion point of the tendon of the vertical fibers of the adductor magnus muscle. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior%20scrotal%20nerves | The posterior scrotal branches (in men) or posterior labial branches (in women) are two in number, medial and lateral. They are branches of the perineal nerve, which is itself a branch of the pudendal nerve. The pudendal nerve arises from spinal roots S2 through S4, travels through the pudendal canal on the fascia of ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misalignment%20mechanism | The misalignment mechanism is a hypothesized effect in the Peccei–Quinn theory proposed solution to the strong-CP problem in quantum mechanics. The effect occurs when a particle's field has an initial value that is not at or near a potential minimum. This causes the particle's field to oscillate around the nearest mini... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3%20ft%20gauge%20rail%20modelling | 3' Gauge rail modelling is a specialisation in rail transport modelling. Specifically it relates to the modelling of narrow gauge prototypes of gauge. This gauge was the most common narrow gauge in the United States and in Ireland. Apart from some other lines in North, Central and South America, gauge was uncommon el... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time%20to%20first%20byte | Time to first byte (TTFB) is a measurement used as an indication of the responsiveness of a webserver or other network resource.
TTFB measures the duration from the user or client making an HTTP request to the first byte of the page being received by the client's browser. This time is made up of the socket connection... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holt%E2%80%93Oram%20syndrome | Holt–Oram syndrome (also called atrio-digital syndrome, atriodigital dysplasia, cardiac-limb syndrome, heart-hand syndrome type 1, HOS, ventriculo-radial syndrome) is an autosomal dominant disorder that affects bones in the arms and hands (the upper limbs) and often causes heart problems. The syndrome may include an ab... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonner%20sphere | A Bonner sphere is a device used to determine the energy spectrum of a neutron beam. The method was first described in 1960 by Rice University's Bramblett, Ewing and Tom W. Bonner and employs thermal neutron detectors embedded in moderating spheres of different sizes. Comparison of the neutrons detected by each spher... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coprinopsis%20cinerea | Coprinopsis cinerea is a species of mushroom in the family Psathyrellaceae. Commonly known as the gray shag, it is edible, but must be used promptly after collecting.
Coprinopsis cinerea is an important model organism for studying fungal sex and mating types, mushroom development, and the evolution of multicellularity... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action-angle%20coordinates | In classical mechanics, action-angle variables are a set of canonical coordinates that are useful in characterizing the nature of commuting flows in integrable systems when the conserved energy level set is compact, and the commuting flows are complete. Action-angle variables are also important in obtaining the frequen... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bush%20tomato | Bush tomatoes are the fruit or entire plants of certain nightshade (Solanum) species native to the more arid parts of Australia. While they are quite closely related to tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum), they might be even closer relatives of the eggplant (S. melongena), which they resemble in many details. There are 94... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acoustic%20shadow | An acoustic shadow or sound shadow is an area through which sound waves fail to propagate, due to topographical obstructions or disruption of the waves via phenomena such as wind currents, buildings, or sound barriers.
Short-distance acoustic shadow
A short-distance acoustic shadow occurs behind a building or a sound... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubuloglomerular%20feedback | In the physiology of the kidney, tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) is a feedback system inside the kidneys. Within each nephron, information from the renal tubules (a downstream area of the tubular fluid) is signaled to the glomerulus (an upstream area). Tubuloglomerular feedback is one of several mechanisms the kidney u... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamaker%20theory | After the explanation of van der Waals forces by Fritz London, several scientists soon realised that his definition could be extended from the interaction of two molecules with induced dipoles to macro-scale objects by summing all of the forces between the molecules in each of the bodies involved. The theory is named a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comic%20Bakery | Comic Bakery is a computer game for the MSX, made by Konami in 1984 and later a Commodore 64 conversion was made by Imagine Software.
Gameplay
The game is set in a bakery, where the town baker tries to bake and deliver bread (croissants in the MSX version) while fighting off raccoons. Pieces of bread move along a fact... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ScaLAPACK | The ScaLAPACK (or Scalable LAPACK) library includes a subset of LAPACK routines redesigned for distributed memory MIMD parallel computers. It is currently written in a Single-Program-Multiple-Data style using explicit message passing for interprocessor communication. It assumes matrices are laid out in a two-dimensiona... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferior%20anal%20nerves | The Inferior rectal nerves (inferior anal nerves, inferior hemorrhoidal nerve) usually branch from the pudendal nerve but occasionally arises directly from the sacral plexus; they cross the ischiorectal fossa along with the inferior rectal artery and veins, toward the anal canal and the lower end of the rectum, and is ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic%20operation | In mathematics, a basic algebraic operation is any one of the common operations of elementary algebra, which include addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, raising to a whole number power, and taking roots (fractional power). These operations may be performed on numbers, in which case they are often called ar... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming%20language%20specification | In computer programming, a programming language specification (or standard or definition) is a documentation artifact that defines a programming language so that users and implementors can agree on what programs in that language mean. Specifications are typically detailed and formal, and primarily used by implementors,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substitution%20%28logic%29 | A substitution is a syntactic transformation on formal expressions.
To apply a substitution to an expression means to consistently replace its variable, or placeholder, symbols with other expressions.
The resulting expression is called a substitution instance, or instance for short, of the original expression.
Propo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges%20Sagnac | Georges Sagnac (; 14 October 1869 – 26 February 1928) was a French physicist who lent his name to the Sagnac effect, a phenomenon which is at the basis of interferometers and ring laser gyroscopes developed since the 1970s.
Life and work
Sagnac was born at Périgueux and entered the École Normale Supérieure in 1889. W... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliens%20vs.%20Predator%3A%20Requiem | Aliens vs. Predator: Requiem (stylized as AVPR: Aliens vs. Predator – Requiem) is a 2007 American science fiction action film starring Steven Pasquale, Reiko Aylesworth, John Ortiz, Johnny Lewis and Ariel Gade. The directorial debut of The Brothers Strause, the film was written by Shane Salerno and is a direct sequel ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming%20language%20implementation | In computer programming, a programming language implementation is a system for executing computer programs. There are two general approaches to programming language implementation:
Interpretation: The program is read as input by an interpreter, which performs the actions written in the program.
Compilation: The program... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20hole%20%28radio%29 | The waterhole, or water hole, is an especially quiet band of the electromagnetic spectrum between 1420 and 1662 megahertz, corresponding to wavelengths of 21 and 18 centimeters, respectively. It is a popular observing frequency used by radio telescopes in radio astronomy.
The strongest hydroxyl radical spectral line r... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency%20drift | In electrical engineering, and particularly in telecommunications, frequency drift is an unintended and generally arbitrary offset of an oscillator from its nominal frequency. Causes may include component aging, changes in temperature that alter the piezoelectric effect in a crystal oscillator, or problems with a volt... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baire%20one%20star%20function | A Baire one star function is a type of function studied in real analysis. A function is in class Baire* one, written , and is called a Baire one star function, if for each perfect set , there is an open interval , such that is nonempty, and the restriction is continuous. The notion seems to have originated with B. K... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapestry%20%28DHT%29 | Tapestry is a peer-to-peer overlay network which provides a distributed hash table, routing, and multicasting infrastructure for distributed applications. The Tapestry peer-to-peer system offers efficient, scalable, self-repairing, location-aware routing to nearby resources.
Introduction
The first generation of peer-... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winlink | Winlink, or formally, Winlink Global Radio Email (registered US Service Mark), also known as the Winlink 2000 Network, is a worldwide radio messaging system that uses amateur-band radio frequencies and government frequencies to provide radio interconnection services that include email with attachments, position reporti... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petar%20V.%20Kokotovic | Petar V. Kokotovic (Serbian Cyrillic: Петар В. Кокотовић) is professor emeritus in the College of Engineering at the University of California, Santa Barbara, USA. He has made contributions in the areas of adaptive control, singular perturbation techniques, and nonlinear control especially the backstepping stabilization... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund%20Hlawka | Edmund Hlawka (November 5, 1916, Bruck an der Mur, Styria – February 19, 2009) was an Austrian mathematician. He was a leading number theorist. Hlawka did most of his work at the Vienna University of Technology. He was also a visiting professor at Princeton University and the Sorbonne. Hlawka died on February 19, 2009,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Range%20criterion | In quantum mechanics, in particular quantum information, the Range criterion is a necessary condition that a state must satisfy in order to be separable. In other words, it is a separability criterion.
The result
Consider a quantum mechanical system composed of n subsystems. The state space H of such a system is the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple%20rule-based%20problems | Multiple rule-based problems are problems containing various conflicting rules and restrictions. Such problems typically have an "optimal" solution, found by striking a balance between the various restrictions, without directly defying any of the aforementioned restrictions.
Solutions to such problems can either requi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five-year%20survival%20rate | The five-year survival rate is a type of survival rate for estimating the prognosis of a particular disease, normally calculated from the point of diagnosis. Lead time bias from earlier diagnosis can affect interpretation of the five-year survival rate.
There are absolute and relative survival rates, but the latter a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric%20model | In atmospheric science, an atmospheric model is a mathematical model constructed around the full set of primitive, dynamical equations which govern atmospheric motions. It can supplement these equations with parameterizations for turbulent diffusion, radiation, moist processes (clouds and precipitation), heat exchange,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventastega | Ventastega (Venta referring to the Venta River at the Ketleri Formation where Ventastega was discovered) is an extinct genus of stem tetrapod that lived during the Upper Fammenian of the Late Devonian, approximately 372.2 to 358.9 million years ago. Only one species is known that belongs in the genus, Ventastega curoni... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolf%20reintroduction | Wolf reintroduction involves the reintroduction of a portion of grey wolves in areas where native wolves have been extirpated. More than 30 subspecies of Canis lupus have been recognized, and grey wolves, as colloquially understood, comprise nondomestic/feral subspecies. Reintroduction is only considered where large tr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Push%E2%80%93pull%20agricultural%20pest%20management | Push–pull technology is an intercropping strategy for controlling agricultural pests by using repellent "push" plants and trap "pull" plants. For example, cereal crops like maize or sorghum are often infested by stem borers. Grasses planted around the perimeter of the crop attract and trap the pests, whereas other plan... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rakuten%20Advertising | Rakuten Advertising, formerly known as Rakuten Marketing, is an affiliate marketing service provider. The company, in 2005, claimed it was the largest pay-for-performance affiliate marketing network on the Internet. In 2005, Rakuten acquired LinkShare for US$425 million in cash, making LinkShare a wholly owned U.S. di... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/24%20%28puzzle%29 | The 24 puzzle is an arithmetical puzzle in which the objective is to find a way to manipulate four integers so that the end result is 24. For example, for the numbers 4, 7, 8, 8, a possible solution is .
The problem has been played as a card game in Shanghai since the 1960s, using playing cards. It has been known by o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terbium%28III%29%20oxide | Terbium(III) oxide, also known as terbium sesquioxide, is a sesquioxide of the rare earth metal terbium, having chemical formula . It is a p-type semiconductor, which conducts protons, which is enhanced when doped with calcium. It may be prepared by the reduction of in hydrogen at 1300 °C for 24 hours.
It is a basic ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plena%20Ilustrita%20Vortaro%20de%20Esperanto | Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto (PIV; Complete Illustrated Dictionary of Esperanto) is a monolingual dictionary of the language Esperanto. It was first compiled in 1970 by a large team of Esperanto linguists and specialists under the guidance of Gaston Waringhien and is published by the Sennacieca Asocio Tutmonda ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poussin%20proof | In number theory, the Poussin proof is the proof of an identity related to the fractional part of a ratio.
In 1838, Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet proved an approximate formula for the average number of divisors of all the numbers from 1 to n:
where d represents the divisor function, and γ represents the Euler-Masche... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game%20accessibility | Within the field of human–computer interaction, accessibility of video games is considered a sub-field of computer accessibility, which studies how software and computers can be made accessible to users with various types of impairments. It can also include tabletop RPGs, board games, and related products.
In spring ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current%20differencing%20buffered%20amplifier | A current differencing buffered amplifier (CDBA) is a multi-terminal active component with two inputs and two outputs and developed by Cevdet Acar and Serdar Özoğuz. Its block diagram can be seen from the figure. It is derived from the current feedback amplifier (CFA).
Basic operation
The characteristic equation of ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local%20field%20potential | Local field potentials (LFP) are transient electrical signals generated in nerves and other tissues by the summed and synchronous electrical activity of the individual cells (e.g. neurons) in that tissue. LFP are "extracellular" signals, meaning that they are generated by transient imbalances in ion concentrations in t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin%20pumping | Spin pumping is the dynamical generation of pure spin current by the coherent precession of magnetic moments, which can efficiently inject spin from a magnetic material into an adjacent non-magnetic material. The non-magnetic material usually hosts the spin Hall effect that can convert the injected spin current into a ... |
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