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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weeks%20manifold | In mathematics, the Weeks manifold, sometimes called the Fomenko–Matveev–Weeks manifold, is a closed hyperbolic 3-manifold obtained by (5, 2) and (5, 1) Dehn surgeries on the Whitehead link. It has volume approximately equal to 0.942707… () and showed that it has the smallest volume of any closed orientable hyperbol... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazar%20Lyusternik | Lazar Aronovich Lyusternik (also Lusternik, Lusternick, Ljusternik; ; 31 December 1899 – 22 July 1981) was a Soviet mathematician. He is famous for his work in topology and differential geometry, to which he applied the variational principle. Using the theory he introduced, together with Lev Schnirelmann, he proved the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starlet%20sea%20anemone | The starlet sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis) is a species of small sea anemone in the family Edwardsiidae native to the east coast of the United States, with introduced populations along the coast of southeast England and the west coast of the United States (class Anthozoa, phylum Cnidaria, a sister group of Bilate... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decade%20of%20the%20Brain | The Decade of the Brain was a designation for 1990–1999 by U.S. president George H. W. Bush as part of a larger effort involving the Library of Congress and the National Institute of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health "to enhance public awareness of the benefits to be derived from brain research".
The ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz%E2%80%93Keldysh%20effect | The Franz–Keldysh effect is a change in optical absorption by a semiconductor when an electric field is applied. The effect is named after the German physicist Walter Franz and Russian physicist Leonid Keldysh.
Karl W. Böer observed first the shift of the optical absorption edge with electric fields during the disco... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gepr%C3%BCfte%20Sicherheit | The Geprüfte Sicherheit ("Tested Safety") or GS mark is a voluntary certification mark for technical equipment. It indicates that the equipment meets German and, if available, European safety requirements for such devices. The main difference between GS and CE mark is that the compliance with the European safety requir... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voluntary%20Control%20Council%20for%20Interference%20by%20Information%20Technology%20Equipment | The Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Information Technology Equipment or VCCI is the Japanese body governing RF emissions (i.e. electromagnetic interference) standards.
It was formed in December 1985.
The VCCI mark of conformance also appears on some electrical equipment sold outside Japan.
External li... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meat%20hook | A meat hook is any hook normally used in butcheries to hang meat. This form of hook is a variation on the classic S hook.
Types
An S-shaped hook or jointed hook is used to hang up meat or the carcasses of animals such as pigs and cattle on a moving conveyor line. The jointed hook is able to swivel, allowing the carcas... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum%20engineering | Vacuum engineering is the field of engineering that deals with the practical use of vacuum in industrial and scientific applications. Vacuum may improve the productivity and performance of processes otherwise carried out at normal air pressure, or may make possible processes that could not be done in the presence of ai... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linnaean%20enterprise | The Linnaean enterprise is the task of identifying and describing all living species. It is named after Carl Linnaeus, a Swedish botanist, ecologist and physician who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of taxonomy.
As of 2006, the Linnaean enterprise is considered to be barely begun. There are estimated to be ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20World%20Economy%3A%20Historical%20Statistics | The World Economy: Historical Statistics is a landmark book by Angus Maddison. Published in 2004 by the OECD Development Centre, it studies the growth of populations and economies across the centuries: not just the world economy as it is now, but how it was in the past.
Among other things, it showed that Europe's gros... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikitsky%20Botanical%20Garden | Nikita Botanical Garden (,
) is one of the oldest botanical gardens in Europe. It is located in Crimea, close to Yalta, by the shores of the Black Sea. It was founded in 1812 and named after the settlement Nikita in Crimea, Russian Empire.
Its founder and first director was Russian botanist Christian von Steven of Sw... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Position%20angle | In astronomy, position angle (usually abbreviated PA) is the convention for measuring angles on the sky. The International Astronomical Union defines it as the angle measured relative to the north celestial pole (NCP), turning positive into the direction of the right ascension. In the standard (non-flipped) images, thi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dehn%20plane | In geometry, Max Dehn introduced two examples of planes, a semi-Euclidean geometry and a non-Legendrian geometry, that have infinitely many lines parallel to a given one that pass through a given point, but where the sum of the angles of a triangle is at least . A similar phenomenon occurs in hyperbolic geometry, exce... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron%20spectroscopy | Electron spectroscopy refers to a group formed by techniques based on the analysis of the energies of emitted electrons such as photoelectrons and Auger electrons. This group includes X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which also known as Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA), Electron energy loss spe... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point%20of%20interest | A point of interest (POI) is a specific point location that someone may find useful or interesting. An example is a point on the Earth representing the location of the Eiffel Tower, or a point on Mars representing the location of its highest mountain, Olympus Mons. Most consumers use the term when referring to hotels,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial%20cell%20structure | The bacterium, despite its simplicity, contains a well-developed cell structure which is responsible for some of its unique biological structures and pathogenicity. Many structural features are unique to bacteria and are not found among archaea or eukaryotes. Because of the simplicity of bacteria relative to larger org... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytotrophoblast | "Cytotrophoblast" is the name given to both the inner layer of the trophoblast (also called layer of Langhans) or the cells that live there. It is interior to the syncytiotrophoblast and external to the wall of the blastocyst in a developing embryo.
The cytotrophoblast is considered to be the trophoblastic stem cell b... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LIGA | LIGA is a fabrication technology used to create high-aspect-ratio microstructures. The term is a German acronym for – lithography, electroplating, and molding.
Overview
The LIGA consists of three main processing steps; lithography, electroplating and molding.
There are two main LIGA-fabrication technologies, X-Ray ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sural%20nerve | The sural nerve (L4-S1) is generally considered a pure cutaneous nerve of the posterolateral leg to the lateral ankle. The sural nerve originates from a combination of either the sural communicating branch and medial sural cutaneous nerve, or the lateral sural cutaneous nerve. This group of nerves is termed the sural n... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flexural%20strength | Flexural strength, also known as modulus of rupture, or bend strength, or transverse rupture strength is a material property, defined as the stress in a material just before it yields in a flexure test. The transverse bending test is most frequently employed, in which a specimen having either a circular or rectangular ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadomtsev%E2%80%93Petviashvili%20equation | In mathematics and physics, the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation (often abbreviated as KP equation) is a partial differential equation to describe nonlinear wave motion. Named after Boris Borisovich Kadomtsev and Vladimir Iosifovich Petviashvili, the KP equation is usually written as
where . The above form shows that ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arakawa%27s%20syndrome%20II | Arakawa's syndrome II is an autosomal dominant metabolic disorder that causes a deficiency of the enzyme tetrahydrofolate-methyltransferase; affected individuals cannot properly metabolize methylcobalamin, a type of Vitamin B12.
Presentation
This disorder causes neurological problems, including intellectual disability... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self%20defined%20ethnicity | Self defined ethnicity (SDE) codes are a set of codes used by the Home Office in the United Kingdom to classify an individual's ethnicity according to that person's self-definition.
The codes are also called "18 + 1" codes, as there are 18 of them, plus one code (NS) for "not stated". In addition to the previously use... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodontal%20ligament%20stem%20cells | Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are stem cells found near the periodontal ligament of the teeth. PDLSCs have shown potential in the regeneration of not only the periodontal complex but also other dental and non-dental tissues. They are involved in adult regeneration of the periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weight%20distribution | Weight distribution is the apportioning of weight within a vehicle, especially cars, airplanes, and trains. Typically, it is written in the form x/y, where x is the percentage of weight in the front, and y is the percentage in the back.
In a vehicle which relies on gravity in some way, weight distribution directly aff... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-valued%20logic | In logic, a four-valued logic is any logic with four truth values. Several types of four-valued logic have been advanced.
Belnap
Nuel Belnap considered the challenge of question answering by computer in 1975. Noting human fallibility, he was concerned with the case where two contradictory facts were loaded into memory... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curious%20George%20%28TV%20series%29 | Curious George is an American children's animated television series based on the children's book series of the same name for PBS Kids which features Jeff Bennett as the voice of Ted Shackelford (credited as "The Man with the Yellow Hat", formerly called that in the original series books and telefilm books). Frank Welke... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coanalytic%20set | In the mathematical discipline of descriptive set theory, a coanalytic set is a set (typically a set of real numbers or more generally a subset of a Polish space) that is the complement of an analytic set (Kechris 1994:87). Coanalytic sets are also referred to as sets (see projective hierarchy). |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cain%20and%20Abel%20%28software%29 | Cain and Abel (often abbreviated to Cain) was a password recovery tool for Microsoft Windows. It could recover many kinds of passwords using methods such as network packet sniffing, cracking various password hashes by using methods such as dictionary attacks, brute force and cryptanalysis attacks.
Cryptanalysis attacks... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic%20mirror | In physics, an atomic mirror is a device which reflects neutral atoms in a way similar to the way a conventional mirror reflects visible light. Atomic mirrors can be made of electric fields or magnetic fields, electromagnetic waves or just silicon wafer; in the last case, atoms are reflected by the attracting tails of ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sister%20chromatids | A sister chromatid refers to the identical copies (chromatids) formed by the DNA replication of a chromosome, with both copies joined together by a common centromere. In other words, a sister chromatid may also be said to be 'one-half' of the duplicated chromosome. A pair of sister chromatids is called a dyad. A full s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Committee%20on%20Taxonomy%20of%20Viruses | The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) authorizes and organizes the taxonomic classification of and the nomenclature for viruses. The ICTV develops a universal taxonomic scheme for viruses, and thus has the means to appropriately describe, name, and classify every virus taxon. The members of the Inte... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KNSN-TV | KNSN-TV (channel 21) is a primary sports-formatted independent television station in Reno, Nevada, United States, which has a secondary affiliation with MyNetworkTV. It is owned by Deerfield Media, which maintains joint sales and shared services agreements (JSA/SSA) with Sinclair Broadcast Group, owner of Fox affiliate... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACP%20131 | ACP-131 is the controlling publication for the listing of and It is published and revised from time to time by the Combined Communications Electronics Board (CCEB) countries: Australia, New Zealand, Canada, United Kingdom, and United States. When the meanings of the codes contained in ACP-131 are translated into vari... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near-field%20scanning%20optical%20microscope | Near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) or scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) is a microscopy technique for nanostructure investigation that breaks the far field resolution limit by exploiting the properties of evanescent waves. In SNOM, the excitation laser light is focused through an aperture with a ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julip%20Horses%20Ltd | Julip Horses Ltd is a United Kingdom-based company which produces a range of 1/12-scale model horses.
Overview
In 1945, Lavender Dower (d. 2003) began making model horses out of chamois leather, using the lead from London buildings bombed during World War II to make their legs. Five years later the company switched... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intracluster%20medium | In astronomy, the intracluster medium (ICM) is the superheated plasma that permeates a galaxy cluster. The gas consists mainly of ionized hydrogen and helium and accounts for most of the baryonic material in galaxy clusters. The ICM is heated to temperatures on the order of 10 to 100 megakelvins, emitting strong X-ray ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salience%20%28neuroscience%29 | Salience (also called saliency) is that property by which some thing stands out. Salient events are an attentional mechanism by which organisms learn and survive; those organisms can focus their limited perceptual and cognitive resources on the pertinent (that is, salient) subset of the sensory data available to them.
... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koilocyte | A koilocyte is a squamous epithelial cell that has undergone a number of structural changes, which occur as a result of infection of the cell by human papillomavirus (HPV). Identification of these cells by pathologists can be useful in diagnosing various HPV-associated lesions.
Koilocytosis
Koilocytosis or koilocytic ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial%20relation | A spatial relation specifies how some object is located in space in relation to some reference object. When the reference object is much bigger than the object to locate, the latter is often represented by a point. The reference object is often represented by a bounding box.
In Anatomy it might be the case that a spat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q10%20%28temperature%20coefficient%29 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:Q10 (temperature coefficient)}}
The Q10 temperature coefficient is a measure of temperature sensitivity based on the chemical reactions.
The Q10 is calculated as:
where;
R is the rate
T is the temperature in Celsius degrees or kelvin.
Rewriting this equation, the assumption behind Q10 is that ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starred%20transform | In applied mathematics, the starred transform, or star transform, is a discrete-time variation of the Laplace transform, so-named because of the asterisk or "star" in the customary notation of the sampled signals.
The transform is an operator of a continuous-time function , which is transformed to a function in the f... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip%20Hanawalt | Philip C. Hanawalt (born 1931) is an American biologist who discovered the process of repair replication of damaged DNA in 1963. He is also considered the co-discoverer of the ubiquitous process of DNA excision repair along with his mentor, Richard Setlow, and Paul Howard-Flanders. He holds the Dr. Morris Herzstein Pro... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary%20musicology | Evolutionary musicology is a subfield of biomusicology that grounds the cognitive mechanisms of music appreciation and music creation in evolutionary theory. It covers vocal communication in other animals, theories of the evolution of human music, and holocultural universals in musical ability and processing.
History
... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superior%20limbic%20keratoconjunctivitis | Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis (SLK, Théodore's syndrome) is a disease of the eye characterized by episodes of recurrent inflammation of the superior cornea and limbus, as well as of the superior tarsal and bulbar conjunctiva. It was first described by F. H. Théodore in 1963.
Symptoms and signs
Patients present ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java%20processor | A Java processor is the implementation of the Java virtual machine (JVM) in hardware. In other words, the Java bytecode that makes up the instruction set of the abstract machine becomes the instruction set of a concrete machine. These were the most popular form of a high-level language computer architecture, and were "... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witt%27s%20theorem | "Witt's theorem" or "the Witt theorem" may also refer to the Bourbaki–Witt fixed point theorem of order theory.
In mathematics, Witt's theorem, named after Ernst Witt, is a basic result in the algebraic theory of quadratic forms: any isometry between two subspaces of a nonsingular quadratic space over a field k may b... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacing%20%28drugs%29 | Lacing or cutting, in drug culture, refer to the act of using a substance (referred to as the lacing agent or cutting agent) to adulterate substances independent of the reason. The resulting substance is laced or cut.
Some street drugs are commonly laced with other chemicals for various reasons, but it is most commonl... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic%20capital | In finance, mainly for financial services firms, economic capital (ecap) is the amount of risk capital, assessed on a realistic basis, which a firm requires to cover the risks that it is running or collecting as a going concern, such as market risk, credit risk, legal risk, and operational risk. It is the amount of mon... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft%20Point-to-Point%20Encryption | Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption (MPPE) encrypts data in Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)-based dial-up connections or Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) virtual private network (VPN) connections. 128-bit key (strong), 56-bit key, and 40-bit key (standard) MPPE encryption schemes are supported. MPPE provides data... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/164%20%28number%29 | 164 (one hundred [and] sixty-four) is the natural number following 163 and preceding 165.
In mathematics
164 is a zero of the Mertens function.
In base 10, 164 is the smallest number that can be expressed as a concatenation of two squares in two different ways: as 1 concatenate 64 or 16 concatenate 4.
In astronomy
... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California%20Digital%20Library | The California Digital Library (CDL) was founded by the University of California in 1997. Under the leadership of then UC President Richard C. Atkinson, the CDL's original mission was to forge a better system for scholarly information management and improved support for teaching and research. In collaboration with the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black%20cross | Black cross or Black Cross may refer to:
Black Cross (Teutonic Order), heraldic insignia of the Teutonic order (since 1205)
Black Cross (Germany), military emblem of Prussia and Germany, derived from the cross used by the Teutonic order
Anarchist Black Cross, an anarchist support organization
Black Cross Navigation... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic%20group | In mathematics, an automatic group is a finitely generated group equipped with several finite-state automata. These automata represent the Cayley graph of the group. That is, they can tell if a given word representation of a group element is in a "canonical form" and can tell if two elements given in canonical words d... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison%20of%20webmail%20providers | The following tables compare general and technical information for a number of notable webmail providers who offer a web interface in English.
The list does not include web hosting providers who may offer email server and/or client software as a part of hosting package, or telecommunication providers (mobile network o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricart%E2%80%93Agrawala%20algorithm | The Ricart–Agrawala algorithm is an algorithm for mutual exclusion on a distributed system. This algorithm is an extension and optimization of Lamport's Distributed Mutual Exclusion Algorithm, by removing the need for messages. It was developed by computer scientists Glenn Ricart and Ashok Agrawala.
Algorithm
Termin... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bion%20%28satellite%29 | The Bion satellites (), also named Biocosmos, is a series of Soviet (later Russian) biosatellites focused on space medicine.
Bion space program
Bion precursor flights and Bion flights
The Soviet biosatellite program began in 1966 with Kosmos 110, and resumed in 1973 with Kosmos 605. Cooperation in space ventures bet... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism%20of%20Windows%20XP | Criticism of Windows XP deals with issues with security, performance and the presence of product activation errors that are specific to the Microsoft operating system Windows XP.
Security issues
Windows XP has been criticized for its vulnerabilities due to buffer overflows and its susceptibility to malware such as vir... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-Ethylmaleimide | N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM) is an organic compound that is derived from maleic acid. It contains the amide functional group, but more importantly it is an alkene that is reactive toward thiols and is commonly used to modify cysteine residues in proteins and peptides.
Organic chemistry
NEM is a Michael acceptor in the Mich... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%81%20moko | is the permanent marking or "tattoo" as traditionally practised by Māori, the indigenous people of New Zealand. It is one of the five main Polynesian tattoo styles (the other four are Marquesan, Samoan, Tahitian and Hawaiian).
(tattooists) were considered , or inviolable and sacred.
Historical practice (pre-contact)... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Docstring | In programming, a docstring is a string literal specified in source code that is used, like a comment, to document a specific segment of code. Unlike conventional source code comments, or even specifically formatted comments like docblocks, docstrings are not stripped from the source tree when it is parsed and are reta... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open%20collector | Open collector, open drain, open emitter, and open source refer to integrated circuit (IC) output pin configurations that process the IC's internal function though a transistor with an exposed terminal that is internally unconnected (i.e. "open"). One of the IC's internal high or low voltage rails typically connects to... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iliotibial%20tract | The iliotibial tract or iliotibial band (ITB; also known as Maissiat's band or the IT band) is a longitudinal fibrous reinforcement of the fascia lata. The action of the muscles associated with the ITB (tensor fasciae latae and some fibers of gluteus maximus) flex, extend, abduct, and laterally and medially rotate the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary%20splitting | In mathematics, binary splitting is a technique for speeding up numerical evaluation of many types of series with rational terms. In particular, it can be used to evaluate hypergeometric series at rational points.
Method
Given a series
where pn and qn are integers, the goal of binary splitting is to compute integers ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorine-18 | Fluorine-18 (18F) is a fluorine radioisotope which is an important source of positrons. It has a mass of 18.0009380(6) u and its half-life is 109.771(20) minutes. It decays by positron emission 96% of the time and electron capture 4% of the time. Both modes of decay yield stable oxygen-18.
Natural occurrence
is a na... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid%20cell | A grid cell is a type of neuron within the entorhinal cortex that fires at regular intervals as an animal navigates an open area, allowing it to understand its position in space by storing and integrating information about location, distance, and direction. Grid cells have been found in many animals, including rats, mi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amadeus%20IT%20Group | Amadeus IT Group, S.A. () is a major Spanish multinational technology company that provides software solutions for the global travel and tourism industry. It is the world's leading provider of travel technology that focus on developing software for airlines, hotels, travel agencies, and other travel-related businesses ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higgins%20project | Higgins is an open-source project dedicated to giving individuals more control over their personal identity, profile and social network data.
The project is organized into three main areas:
Active Clients — An active client integrates with a browser and runs on a computer or mobile device.
Higgins 1. X: the active cl... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konka%20Group | Konka Group Co., Ltd. () is a Chinese manufacturer of electronics products headquartered in Shenzhen, Guangdong and listed on Shenzhen Stock Exchange.
History
It was founded in 1980 as Shenzhen Konka Electronic Group Co., Ltd. and changed its name to Konka Group Co., Ltd. in 1995.
The company is an electronics manufa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code%20reviewing%20software | Code reviewing software is computer software that helps humans find flaws in program source code.
It can be divided into two categories:
Automated code review software checks source code against a predefined set of rules and produces reports.
Different types of browsers visualise software structure and help humans be... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strong%20monad | In category theory, a strong monad over a monoidal category (C, ⊗, I) is a monad (T, η, μ) together with a natural transformation tA,B : A ⊗ TB → T(A ⊗ B), called (tensorial) strength, such that the diagrams
, ,
, and
commute for every object A, B and C (see Definition 3.2 in ).
If the monoidal category (C, ⊗, I) is ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated%20code%20review | Automated code review software checks source code for compliance with a predefined set of rules or best practices. The use of analytical methods to inspect and review source code to detect bugs or security issues has been a standard development practice in both Open Source and commercial software domains. This process ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Background%20Intelligent%20Transfer%20Service | Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS) is a component of Microsoft Windows XP and later iterations of the operating systems, which facilitates asynchronous, prioritized, and throttled transfer of files between machines using idle network bandwidth. It is most commonly used by recent versions of Windows Update, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20States%20National%20Grid | The United States National Grid (USNG) is a multi-purpose location system of grid references used in the United States. It provides a nationally consistent "language of location", optimized for local applications, in a compact, user friendly format. It is similar in design to the national grid reference systems used ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lydia%20Fairchild | Lydia Fairchild (born 1976) is an American woman who exhibits chimerism, having two distinct populations of DNA among the cells of her body. She was pregnant with her third child when she and the father of her children, Jamie Townsend, separated. When Fairchild applied for enforcement of child support in 2002, providi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berndt%E2%80%93Hall%E2%80%93Hall%E2%80%93Hausman%20algorithm | The Berndt–Hall–Hall–Hausman (BHHH) algorithm is a numerical optimization algorithm similar to the Newton–Raphson algorithm, but it replaces the observed negative Hessian matrix with the outer product of the gradient. This approximation is based on the information matrix equality and therefore only valid while maximizi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durbin%E2%80%93Wu%E2%80%93Hausman%20test | The Durbin–Wu–Hausman test (also called Hausman specification test) is a statistical hypothesis test in econometrics named after James Durbin, De-Min Wu, and Jerry A. Hausman. The test evaluates the consistency of an estimator when compared to an alternative, less efficient estimator which is already known to be consis... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statutory%20liquidity%20ratio | In India, the Statutory liquidity ratio (SLR) is the Government term for the reserve requirement that commercial banks are required to maintain in the form of cash, gold reserves,Govt. bonds and other Reserve Bank of India (RBI)- approved securities before providing credit to the customers. The SLR to be maintained by ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics%20Magazine | Mathematics Magazine is a refereed bimonthly publication of the Mathematical Association of America. Its intended audience is teachers of collegiate mathematics, especially at the junior/senior level, and their students. It is explicitly a journal of mathematics rather than pedagogy. Rather than articles in the terse "... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wideband%20materials | Wideband material refers to material that can convey Microwave signals (light/sound) over a variety of wavelengths. These materials possess exemplary attenuation and dielectric constants, and are excellent dielectrics for semiconductor gates. Examples of such material include gallium nitride (GaN) and silicon carbide (... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edinburgh%20School%20of%20Medicine%20for%20Women | The Edinburgh School of Medicine for Women was founded by Sophia Jex-Blake in Edinburgh, Scotland, in October of 1886, with support from the National Association for Promoting the Medical Education of Women. Sophia Jex-Blake was appointed as both the Director and the Dean of the School. The first class of women to stud... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canavanine | L-(+)-(S)-Canavanine is a non-proteinogenic amino acid found in certain leguminous plants. It is structurally related to the proteinogenic α-amino acid L-arginine, the sole difference being the replacement of a methylene bridge (-- unit) in arginine with an oxa group (i.e., an oxygen atom) in canavanine. Canavanine is ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleurotus%20eryngii | Pleurotus eryngii (also known as king trumpet mushroom, French horn mushroom, eryngi, king oyster mushroom, king brown mushroom, boletus of the steppes, trumpet royale, aliʻi oyster) is an edible mushroom native to Mediterranean regions of Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa, but also grown in many parts of Asia.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALOPEX | ALOPEX (an acronym from "ALgorithms Of Pattern EXtraction") is a correlation based machine learning algorithm first proposed by Tzanakou and Harth in 1974.
Principle
In machine learning, the goal is to train a system to minimize a cost function or (referring to ALOPEX) a response function. Many training algorithms, s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubik%27s%20Snake | A Rubik's Snake (also Rubik's Twist, Rubik's Transformable Snake, Rubik’s Snake Puzzle) is a toy with 24 wedges that are right isosceles triangular prisms. The wedges are connected by spring bolts, so that they can be twisted, but not separated. By being twisted, the Rubik's Snake can be made to resemble a wide variety... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma%20etching | Plasma etching is a form of plasma processing used to fabricate integrated circuits. It involves a high-speed stream of glow discharge (plasma) of an appropriate gas mixture being shot (in pulses) at a sample. The plasma source, known as etch species, can be either charged (ions) or neutral (atoms and radicals). During... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attenuator%20%28genetics%29 | In genetics, attenuation is a regulatory mechanism for some bacterial operons that results in premature termination of transcription. The canonical example of attenuation used in many introductory genetics textbooks, is ribosome-mediated attenuation of the trp operon. Ribosome-mediated attenuation of the trp operon rel... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedleian%20Professor%20of%20Natural%20Philosophy | The Sedleian Professor of Natural Philosophy is the name of a chair at the Mathematical Institute of the University of Oxford.
Overview
The Sedleian Chair was founded by Sir William Sedley who, by his will dated 20 October 1618, left the sum of £2,000 to the University of Oxford for purchase of lands for its endowment... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University%20of%20Alberta%20Botanic%20Garden | The University of Alberta Botanic Garden (formerly the Devonian Botanic Garden) is Alberta's largest botanical garden. It was established in 1959 by the University of Alberta. It is located approximately west of the city of Edmonton, Alberta and north of the town of Devon, in Parkland County.
History
The garden was ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trakhtenbrot%27s%20theorem | In logic, finite model theory, and computability theory, Trakhtenbrot's theorem (due to Boris Trakhtenbrot) states that the problem of validity in first-order logic on the class of all finite models is undecidable. In fact, the class of valid sentences over finite models is not recursively enumerable (though it is co... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialogo%20de%20Cecco%20di%20Ronchitti%20da%20Bruzene%20in%20perpuosito%20de%20la%20stella%20Nuova | Dialogo de Cecco di Ronchitti da Bruzene in perpuosito de la stella Nuova (Dialogue of Cecco di Ronchitti of Brugine concerning the New star) is the title of an early 17th-century pseudonymous pamphlet ridiculing the views of an aspiring Aristotelian philosopher, Antonio Lorenzini da Montepulciano, on the nature and p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D%20Systems | 3D Systems, headquartered in Rock Hill, South Carolina, is a company that engineers, manufactures, and sells 3D printers, 3D printing materials, 3D scanners, and offers a 3D printing service. The company creates product concept models, precision and functional prototypes, master patterns for tooling, as well as product... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows%20Live%20OneCare%20Safety%20Scanner | Windows Live OneCare Safety Scanner (formerly Windows Live Safety Center and codenamed Vegas) was an online scanning, PC cleanup, and diagnosis service to help remove of viruses, spyware/adware, and other malware. It was a free web service that was part of Windows Live.
On November 18, 2008, Microsoft announced the di... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland%20Fra%C3%AFss%C3%A9 | Roland Fraïssé (; 12 March 1920 – 30 March 2008) was a French mathematical logician.
Life
Fraïssé received his doctoral degree from the University of Paris in 1953. In his thesis, Fraïssé used the back-and-forth method to determine whether two model-theoretic structures were elementarily equivalent. This method of det... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AP%20Calculus | Advanced Placement (AP) Calculus (also known as AP Calc, Calc AB / Calc BC or simply AB / BC) is a set of two distinct Advanced Placement calculus courses and exams offered by the American nonprofit organization College Board. AP Calculus AB covers basic introductions to limits, derivatives, and integrals. AP Calculus ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium%20tartrate | Sodium tartrate (Na2C4H4O6) is a salt used as an emulsifier and a binding agent in food products such as jellies, margarine, and sausage casings. As a food additive, it is known by the E number E335.
Because its crystal structure captures a very precise amount of water, it is also a common primary standard for Karl F... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor%20Zalgaller | Victor (Viktor) Abramovich Zalgaller (; ; 25 December 1920 – 2 October 2020) was a Russian-Israeli mathematician in the fields of geometry and optimization. He is best known for the results he achieved on convex polyhedra, linear and dynamic programming, isoperimetry, and differential geometry.
Biography
Zalgaller was... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radia%20Perlman | Radia Joy Perlman (; born December 18, 1951) is an American computer programmer and network engineer. She is a major figure in assembling the networks and technology to enable what we now know as the internet. She is most famous for her invention of the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP), which is fundamental to the operatio... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catamorphism | In category theory, the concept of catamorphism (from the Ancient Greek: "downwards" and "form, shape") denotes the unique homomorphism from an initial algebra into some other algebra.
In functional programming, catamorphisms provide generalizations of folds of lists to arbitrary algebraic data types, which can be d... |
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