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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qualitative%20property | Qualitative properties are properties that are observed and can generally not be measured with a numerical result. They are contrasted to quantitative properties which have numerical characteristics.
Some engineering and scientific properties are qualitative. A test method can result in qualitative data about somethin... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonal%20bipyramidal%20molecular%20geometry | In chemistry, a trigonal bipyramid formation is a molecular geometry with one atom at the center and 5 more atoms at the corners of a triangular bipyramid. This is one geometry for which the bond angles surrounding the central atom are not identical (see also pentagonal bipyramid), because there is no geometrical arran... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lean%20software%20development | Lean software development is a translation of lean manufacturing principles and practices to the software development domain. Adapted from the Toyota Production System, it is emerging with the support of a pro-lean subculture within the agile community. Lean offers a solid conceptual framework, values and principles, a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoscope | A monoscope was a special form of video camera tube which displayed a single still video image. The image was built into the tube, hence the name. The tube resembled a small cathode ray tube (CRT). Monoscopes were used beginning in the 1950s to generate TV test patterns and station logos. This type of test card generat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogen-associated%20molecular%20pattern | Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are small molecular motifs conserved within a class of microbes, but not present in the host. They are recognized by toll-like receptors (TLRs) and other pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in both plants and animals. This allows the innate immune system to recognize pat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clioquinol | Clioquinol (iodochlorhydroxyquin) is an antifungal drug and antiprotozoal drug. It is neurotoxic in large doses. It is a member of a family of drugs called hydroxyquinolines which inhibit certain enzymes related to DNA replication. The drugs have been found to have activity against both viral and protozoal infection... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feature-driven%20development | Feature-driven development (FDD) is an iterative and incremental software development process. It is a lightweight or Agile method for developing software. FDD blends a number of industry-recognized best practices into a cohesive whole. These practices are driven from a client-valued functionality (feature) perspective... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern%20recognition%20receptor | Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) play a crucial role in the proper function of the innate immune system. PRRs are germline-encoded host sensors, which detect molecules typical for the pathogens. They are proteins expressed, mainly, by cells of the innate immune system, such as dendritic cells, macrophages, monocyte... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chladni%27s%20law | Chladni's law, named after Ernst Chladni, relates the frequency of modes of vibration for flat circular surfaces with fixed center as a function of the numbers m of diametric (linear) nodes and n of radial (circular) nodes. It is stated as the equation
where C and p are coefficients which depend on the properties of ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betavoltaic%20device | A betavoltaic device (betavoltaic cell or betavoltaic battery) is a type of nuclear battery which generates electric current from beta particles (electrons) emitted from a radioactive source, using semiconductor junctions. A common source used is the hydrogen isotope tritium.
Unlike most nuclear power sources which us... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensory%20substitution | Sensory substitution is a change of the characteristics of one sensory modality into stimuli of another sensory modality.
A sensory substitution system consists of three parts: a sensor, a coupling system, and a stimulator. The sensor records stimuli and gives them to a coupling system which interprets these signals a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burst%20noise | Burst noise is a type of electronic noise that occurs in semiconductors and ultra-thin gate oxide films. It is also called random telegraph noise (RTN), popcorn noise, impulse noise, bi-stable noise, or random telegraph signal (RTS) noise.
It consists of sudden step-like transitions between two or more discrete volta... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave%20front%20set | In mathematical analysis, more precisely in microlocal analysis, the wave front (set) WF(f) characterizes the singularities of a generalized function f, not only in space, but also with respect to its Fourier transform at each point. The term "wave front" was coined by Lars Hörmander around 1970.
Introduction
In more... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio%20Ruberti | Antonio Ruberti (24 January 1927 – 4 September 2000) was an Italian politician and engineer. He was a member of the Italian Government and a European Commissioner as well as a professor of engineering at La Sapienza University.
Biography
Antonio Ruberti was born in Aversa in the province of Caserta, Campania.
He trai... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brassica%20rapa | Brassica rapa is a plant species growing in various widely cultivated forms including the turnip (a root vegetable); Komatsuna, napa cabbage, bomdong, bok choy, and rapini.
Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera is an oilseed which has many common names, including rape, field mustard, bird's rape, and keblock. The term rapesee... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformation%20%28function%29 | In mathematics, a transformation is a function f, usually with some geometrical underpinning, that maps a set X to itself, i.e. .
Examples include linear transformations of vector spaces and geometric transformations, which include projective transformations, affine transformations, and specific affine transformations,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BRENDA | BRENDA (The Comprehensive Enzyme Information System) is an information system representing one of the most comprehensive enzyme repositories. It is an electronic resource that comprises molecular and biochemical information on enzymes that have been classified by the IUBMB. Every classified enzyme is characterized with... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pannus | Pannus is an abnormal layer of fibrovascular tissue or granulation tissue. Common sites for pannus formation include over the cornea, over a joint surface (as seen in rheumatoid arthritis), or on a prosthetic heart valve. Pannus may grow in a tumor-like fashion, as in joints where it may erode articular cartilage and b... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP%20code | The IP code or ingress protection code indicates how well a device is protected against water and dust. It is defined by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) under the international standard IEC 60529 which classifies and provides a guideline to the degree of protection provided by mechanical casings and... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantis%20Bug%20Tracker | Mantis Bug Tracker is a free and open source, web-based bug tracking system. The most common use of MantisBT is to track software defects. However, MantisBT is often configured by users to serve as a more generic issue tracking system and project management tool.
The name Mantis and the logo of the project refer to th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flexible-fuel%20vehicle | A flexible-fuel vehicle (FFV) or dual-fuel vehicle (colloquially called a flex-fuel vehicle) is an alternative fuel vehicle with an internal combustion engine designed to run on more than one fuel, usually gasoline blended with either ethanol or methanol fuel, and both fuels are stored in the same common tank. Modern f... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negri%20body | Negri bodies are eosinophilic, sharply outlined, pathognomonic inclusion bodies (2–10 μm in diameter) found in the cytoplasm of certain nerve cells containing the virus of rabies, especially in pyramidal cells within Ammon's horn of the hippocampus. They are also often found in the Purkinje cells of the cerebellar cort... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schr%C3%B6dinger%E2%80%93Newton%20equation | The Schrödinger–Newton equation, sometimes referred to as the Newton–Schrödinger or Schrödinger–Poisson equation, is a nonlinear modification of the Schrödinger equation with a Newtonian gravitational potential, where the gravitational potential emerges from the treatment of the wave function as a mass density, includi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential%20GPS | Differential Global Positioning Systems (DGPSs) supplement and enhance the positional data available from global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs). A DGPS for GPS can increase accuracy by about a thousandfold, from approximately to .
DGPSs consist of networks of fixed position, ground-based reference stations. Eac... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common-mode%20rejection%20ratio | In electronics, the common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) of a differential amplifier (or other device) is a metric used to quantify the ability of the device to reject common-mode signals, i.e. those that appear simultaneously and in-phase on both inputs. An ideal differential amplifier would have infinite CMRR, however ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human%20reproductive%20system | The human reproductive system includes the male reproductive system which functions to produce and deposit sperm; and the female reproductive system which functions to produce egg cells, and to protect and nourish the fetus until birth. Humans have a high level of sexual differentiation. In addition to differences in ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20communication%20satellite%20companies | This is a list of all companies currently operating at least one commercial communication satellite or currently has one on order.
Global Top 20
The World Teleport Association publishes lists of companies based on revenues from all customized communications sources and includes operators of teleports and satellite fl... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software%20rot | Software rot (bit rot, code rot, software erosion, software decay, or software entropy) is either a slow deterioration of software quality over time or its diminishing responsiveness that will eventually lead to software becoming faulty, unusable, or in need of upgrade. This is not a physical phenomenon; the software d... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl%20St%C3%B8rmer | Fredrik Carl Mülertz Størmer (3 September 1874 – 13 August 1957) was a Norwegian mathematician and astrophysicist. In mathematics, he is known for his work in number theory, including the calculation of and Størmer's theorem on consecutive smooth numbers. In physics, he is known for studying the movement of charged pa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wochenend%20und%20Sonnenschein | "Wochenend und Sonnenschein" ("Weekend and Sunshine") is a song with German lyrics that was copyrighted in 1930 by Charles Amberg (lyrics) and Milton Ager (music). The music is based on the famed American song "Happy Days Are Here Again" that was copyrighted in 1929 by Ager and Jack Yellen (English lyrics). The German ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R/K%20selection%20theory | In ecology, r/K selection theory relates to the selection of combinations of traits in an organism that trade off between quantity and quality of offspring. The focus on either an increased quantity of offspring at the expense of individual parental investment of r-strategists, or on a reduced quantity of offspring wit... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended%20Data%20Services | Extended Data Services (now XDS, previously EDS), is an American standard classified under Electronic Industries Alliance standard CEA-608-E for the delivery of any ancillary data (metadata) to be sent with an analog television program, or any other NTSC video signal.
XDS is used by TV stations, TV networks, and TV p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispersive%20mass%20transfer | Dispersive mass transfer, in fluid dynamics, is the spreading of mass from highly concentrated areas to less concentrated areas. It is one form of mass transfer.
Dispersive mass flux is analogous to diffusion, and it can also be described using Fick's first law:
where c is mass concentration of the species being disp... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einstein%20solid | The Einstein solid is a model of a crystalline solid that contains a large number of independent three-dimensional quantum harmonic oscillators of the same frequency. The independence assumption is relaxed in the Debye model.
While the model provides qualitative agreement with experimental data, especially for the hig... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finite-difference%20time-domain%20method | Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) or Yee's method (named after the Chinese American applied mathematician Kane S. Yee, born 1934) is a numerical analysis technique used for modeling computational electrodynamics (finding approximate solutions to the associated system of differential equations). Since it is a time-d... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slewing | Slewing is the rotation of an object around an axis, usually the z axis. An example is a radar scanning 360 degrees by slewing around the z axis. This is also common terminology in astronomy. The process of rotating a telescope to observe a different region of the sky is referred to as slewing.
The term slewing is als... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial%20brain | An artificial brain (or artificial mind) is software and hardware with cognitive abilities similar to those of the animal or human brain.
Research investigating "artificial brains" and brain emulation plays three important roles in science:
An ongoing attempt by neuroscientists to understand how the human brain works,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literal%20%28computer%20programming%29 | In computer science, a literal is a textual representation (notation) of a value as it is written in source code. Almost all programming languages have notations for atomic values such as integers, floating-point numbers, and strings, and usually for booleans and characters; some also have notations for elements of en... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarimetry | Polarimetry is the measurement and interpretation of the polarization of transverse waves, most notably electromagnetic waves, such as radio or light waves. Typically polarimetry is done on electromagnetic waves that have traveled through or have been reflected, refracted or diffracted by some material in order to char... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicol%20prism | A Nicol prism is a type of polarizer. It is an optical device made from calcite crystal used to convert ordinary light into plane polarized light. It is made in such a way that it eliminates one of the rays by total internal reflection, i.e. the ordinary ray is eliminated and only the extraordinary ray is transmitted t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composability | Composability is a system design principle that deals with the inter-relationships of components. A highly composable system provides components that can be selected and assembled in various combinations to satisfy specific user requirements. In information systems, the essential features that make a component composa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart%20cow%20problem | The smart cow problem is the concept that, when a group of individuals is faced with a technically difficult task, only one of their members has to solve it. When the problem has been solved once, an easily repeatable method may be developed, allowing the less technically proficient members of the group to accomplish t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redshift%20quantization | Redshift quantization, also referred to as redshift periodicity, redshift discretization, preferred redshifts and redshift-magnitude bands, is the hypothesis that the redshifts of cosmologically distant objects (in particular galaxies and quasars) tend to cluster around multiples of some particular value.
In standard ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nixtamalization | Nixtamalization () is a process for the preparation of maize, or other grain, in which the grain is soaked and cooked in an alkaline solution, usually limewater (but sometimes aqueous alkali metal carbonates), washed, and then hulled. The term can also refer to the removal via an alkali process of the pericarp from oth... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NatureServe%20conservation%20status | The NatureServe conservation status system, maintained and presented by NatureServe in cooperation with the Natural Heritage Network, was developed in the United States in the 1980s by The Nature Conservancy (TNC) as a means for ranking or categorizing the relative imperilment of species of plants, animals, or other or... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Level%20%28video%20games%29 | In video games, a level (also referred to as a map, stage, or round in some older games) is any space available to the player during the course of completion of an objective. Video game levels generally have progressively increasing difficulty to appeal to players with different skill levels. Each level may present new... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine%20protected%20area | Marine protected areas (MPA) are protected areas of seas, oceans, estuaries or in the US, the Great Lakes. These marine areas can come in many forms ranging from wildlife refuges to research facilities. MPAs restrict human activity for a conservation purpose, typically to protect natural or cultural resources. Such mar... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Implant%20%28medicine%29 | An implant is a medical device manufactured to replace a missing biological structure, support a damaged biological structure, or enhance an existing biological structure. For example, an implant may be a rod, used to strengthen weak bones. Medical implants are human-made devices, in contrast to a transplant, which is ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object%20composition | In computer science, object composition and object aggregation are closely related ways to combine objects or data types into more complex ones. In conversation the distinction between composition and aggregation is often ignored. Common kinds of compositions are objects used in object-oriented programming, tagged uni... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Function%20composition%20%28computer%20science%29 | In computer science, function composition is an act or mechanism to combine simple functions to build more complicated ones. Like the usual composition of functions in mathematics, the result of each function is passed as the argument of the next, and the result of the last one is the result of the whole.
Programmers ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc%20Kirschner | Marc Wallace Kirschner (born February 28, 1945) is an American cell biologist and biochemist and the founding chair of the Department of Systems Biology at Harvard Medical School. He is known for major discoveries in cell and developmental biology related to the dynamics and function of the cytoskeleton, the regulation... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global%20Telecommunications%20System | The Global Telecommunication System (GTS) is a secured communication network enabling real-time exchange of meteorological data from weather stations, satellites and numerical weather prediction centres, providing critical meteorological forecasting, warnings, and alerts. It was established by the World Meteorological ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorentz%20scalar | In a relativistic theory of physics, a Lorentz scalar is an expression, formed from items of the theory, which evaluates to a scalar, invariant under any Lorentz transformation. A Lorentz scalar may be generated from e.g., the scalar product of vectors, or from contracting tensors of the theory. While the components of... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudo-LRU | Pseudo-LRU or PLRU is a family of cache algorithms which improve on the performance of the Least Recently Used (LRU) algorithm by replacing values using approximate measures of age rather than maintaining the exact age of every value in the cache.
PLRU usually refers to two cache replacement algorithms: tree-PLRU and ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alvircept%20sudotox | Alvircept sudotox is a form of recombinant CD4 derived from Pneumonas aeruginosa exotoxin A, or 'PE40, which has a size of 59,187 daltons and is an anti-viral agent. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic%20angle%20spinning | In solid-state NMR spectroscopy, magic-angle spinning (MAS) is a technique routinely used to produce better resolution NMR spectra. MAS NMR consists in spinning the sample (usually at a frequency of 1 to 130 kHz) at the magic angle θm (ca. 54.74°, where cos2θm=1/3) with respect to the direction of the magnetic field.
... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language%20model | A language model is a probabilistic model of a natural language that can generate probabilities of a series of words, based on text corpora in one or multiple languages it was trained on. In 1980, the first significant statistical language model was proposed, and during the decade IBM performed ‘Shannon-style’ experime... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WHUT-TV | WHUT-TV (channel 32) is the secondary PBS member television station in Washington, D.C. The station is owned by Howard University, a historically black college, and is sister to commercial urban contemporary radio station WHUR-FM (96.3). WHUT-TV's studios are located on the Howard University campus, and its transmitter... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libquantum | Libquantum is a C library quantum mechanics simulator originally focused on virtual quantum computers. It is licensed under the GNU GPL. It was a part of SPEC 2006. The latest version is stated to be v1.1.1 (Jan 2013) on the mailing list, but on the website there is only v0.9.1 from 2007.
An author of libquantum, Hend... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annona%20squamosa | Annona squamosa is a small, well-branched tree or shrub from the family Annonaceae that bears edible fruits called sugar-apples or . It tolerates a tropical lowland climate better than its relatives Annona reticulata and Annona cherimola (whose fruits often share the same name) helping make it the most widely cultivate... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic%20tensor | In electromagnetism, the electromagnetic tensor or electromagnetic field tensor (sometimes called the field strength tensor, Faraday tensor or Maxwell bivector) is a mathematical object that describes the electromagnetic field in spacetime. The field tensor was first used after the four-dimensional tensor formulation ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellsberg%20paradox | In decision theory, the Ellsberg paradox (or Ellsberg's paradox) is a paradox in which people's decisions are inconsistent with subjective expected utility theory. Daniel Ellsberg popularized the paradox in his 1961 paper, "Risk, Ambiguity, and the Savage Axioms". John Maynard Keynes published a version of the paradox ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadow%20price | A shadow price is the monetary value assigned to an abstract or intangible commodity which is not traded in the marketplace. This often takes the form of an externality. Shadow prices are also known as the recalculation of known market prices in order to account for the presence of distortionary market instruments (e.g... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertex%20Pharmaceuticals | Vertex Pharmaceuticals is an American biopharmaceutical company based in Boston, Massachusetts. It was one of the first biotech firms to use an explicit strategy of rational drug design rather than combinatorial chemistry. It maintains headquarters in South Boston, Massachusetts, and three research facilities, in San D... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanessa%20cardui | Vanessa cardui is the most widespread of all butterfly species. It is commonly called the painted lady, or formerly in North America the cosmopolitan.
Description
Distribution
V. cardui is one of the most widespread of all butterflies, found on every continent except Antarctica and South America. In Australia, V. ca... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisai%20%28company%29 | is a Japanese pharmaceutical company headquartered in Tokyo, Japan. It has some 10,000 employees, among them about 1,500 in research. Eisai is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a member of the Topix 100 and Nikkei 225 stock indices.
History
Nihon Eisai Co. Ltd. was established in 1941. In 1944, merger with S... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havriliak%E2%80%93Negami%20relaxation | The Havriliak–Negami relaxation is an empirical modification of the Debye relaxation model in electromagnetism. Unlike the Debye model, the Havriliak–Negami relaxation accounts for the asymmetry and broadness of the dielectric dispersion curve. The model was first used to describe the dielectric relaxation of some poly... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olga%20Ladyzhenskaya | Olga Aleksandrovna Ladyzhenskaya (; 7 March 1922 – 12 January 2004) was a Russian mathematician who worked on partial differential equations, fluid dynamics, and the finite difference method for the Navier–Stokes equations. She received the Lomonosov Gold Medal in 2002. She is the author of more than two hundred scie... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heats%20of%20fusion%20of%20the%20elements%20%28data%20page%29 |
Heat of fusion
Notes
Values refer to the enthalpy change between the liquid phase and the most stable solid phase at the melting point (normal, 101.325 kPa). |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heats%20of%20vaporization%20of%20the%20elements%20%28data%20page%29 |
Heat of vaporization
Notes
Values refer to the enthalpy change in the conversion of liquid to gas at the boiling point (normal, 101.325 kPa). |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holarctic%20realm | The Holarctic realm is a biogeographic realm that comprises the majority of habitats found throughout the continents in the Northern Hemisphere. It corresponds to the floristic Boreal Kingdom. It includes both the Nearctic zoogeographical region (which covers most of North America), and Alfred Wallace's Palearctic zoog... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental%20abrasion | Abrasion is the non-carious, mechanical wear of tooth from interaction with objects other than tooth-tooth contact. It most commonly affects the premolars and canines, usually along the cervical margins. Based on clinical surveys, studies have shown that abrasion is the most common but not the sole aetiological factor ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code-talker%20paradox | A code-talker paradox is a situation in which a language prevents communication. As an issue in linguistics, the paradox raises questions about the fundamental nature of languages. As such, the paradox is a problem in philosophy of language.
The term code-talker paradox was coined in 2001 by Mark Baker to describe ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wei-Liang%20Chow | Chow Wei-Liang (; October 1, 1911, Shanghai – August 10, 1995, Baltimore) was a Chinese mathematician and stamp collector born in Shanghai, known for his work in algebraic geometry.
Biography
Chow was a student in the US, graduating from the University of Chicago in 1931. In 1932 he attended the University of Göttinge... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off-the-record%20messaging | Off-the-Record Messaging (OTR) is a cryptographic protocol that provides encryption for instant messaging conversations. OTR uses a combination of AES symmetric-key algorithm with 128 bits key length, the Diffie–Hellman key exchange with 1536 bits group size, and the SHA-1 hash function. In addition to authentication a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%40stake | ATstake, Inc. was a computer security professional services company in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. It was founded in 1999 by Battery Ventures (Tom Crotty, Sunil Dhaliwal, and Scott Tobin) and Ted Julian. Its initial core team of technologists included Dan Geer (Chief Technical Officer) and the east coast s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectric%20heating | Dielectric heating, also known as electronic heating, radio frequency heating, and high-frequency heating, is the process in which a radio frequency (RF) alternating electric field, or radio wave or microwave electromagnetic radiation heats a dielectric material. At higher frequencies, this heating is caused by molecul... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean%20free%20time | Molecules in a fluid constantly collide with each other. The mean free time for a molecule in a fluid is the average time between collisions. The mean free path of the molecule is the product of the average speed and the mean free time. These concepts are used in the kinetic theory of gases to compute transport coeffic... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backup%20validation | Backup validation is the process whereby owners of computer data may examine how their data was backed up in order to understand what their risk of data loss might be. It also speaks to optimization of such processes, charging for them as well as estimating future requirements, sometimes called capacity planning.
Hist... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circular%20shift | In combinatorial mathematics, a circular shift is the operation of rearranging the entries in a tuple, either by moving the final entry to the first position, while shifting all other entries to the next position, or by performing the inverse operation. A circular shift is a special kind of cyclic permutation, which in... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deoxyribozyme | Deoxyribozymes, also called DNA enzymes, DNAzymes, or catalytic DNA, are DNA oligonucleotides that are capable of performing a specific chemical reaction, often but not always catalytic. This is similar to the action of other biological enzymes, such as proteins or ribozymes (enzymes composed of RNA).
However, in cont... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear%20weapons%20debate | The nuclear weapons debate refers to the controversies surrounding the threat, use and stockpiling of nuclear weapons. Even before the first nuclear weapons had been developed, scientists involved with the Manhattan Project were divided over the use of the weapon. The only time nuclear weapons have been used in warfare... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local%20Area%20Transport | Local Area Transport (LAT) is a non-routable (data link layer) networking technology developed by Digital Equipment Corporation to provide connection between the DECserver terminal servers and Digital's VAX and Alpha and MIPS host computers via Ethernet, giving communication between those hosts and serial devices such ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Height%20above%20ground%20level | In aviation, atmospheric sciences and broadcasting, a height above ground level (AGL or HAGL) is a height measured with respect to the underlying ground surface. This is as opposed to height above mean sea level (AMSL or HAMSL), height above ellipsoid (HAE, as reported by a GPS receiver), or height above average terrai... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20materials%20analysis%20methods | This is a list of analysis methods used in materials science. Analysis methods are listed by their acronym, if one exists.
Symbols
μSR – see muon spin spectroscopy
χ – see magnetic susceptibility
A
AAS – Atomic absorption spectroscopy
AED – Auger electron diffraction
AES – Auger electron spectroscopy
AFM – Ato... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recoil%20temperature | In condensed matter physics, the recoil temperature is a fundamental lower limit of temperature attainable by some laser cooling schemes, and corresponds to the kinetic energy imparted in an atom initially at rest by the spontaneous emission of a photon. The recoil temperature is
where
is the magnitude of the wavevec... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological%20Dynamics%20of%20Forest%20Fragments%20Project | The Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP; or Projeto Dinâmica Biológica de Fragmentos Florestais, PDBFF, in Portuguese) is a large-scale ecological experiment looking at the effects of habitat fragmentation on tropical rainforest. The experiment which was established in 1979 is located near Manaus in... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scenario%20%28computing%29 | In computing, a scenario (, ; loaned (), ) is a narrative of foreseeable interactions of user roles (known in the Unified Modeling Language as 'actors') and the technical system, which usually includes computer hardware and software.
A scenario has a goal, which is usually functional. A scenario describes one way tha... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuum%20limit | In mathematical physics and mathematics, the continuum limit or scaling limit of a lattice model refers to its behaviour in the limit as the lattice spacing goes to zero. It is often useful to use lattice models to approximate real-world processes, such as Brownian motion. Indeed, according to Donsker's theorem, the di... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo%20de%20Zavala | Manuel Lorenzo Justiniano de Zavala y Sánchez (October 3, 1788 – November 15, 1836), known simply as Lorenzo de Zavala, was a Mexican and later Tejano physician, politician, diplomat and author. Born in Yucatán under Spanish rule, he was closely involved in drafting the constitution for the First Federal Republic of Me... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccygeus%20muscle | The coccygeus muscle or ischiococcygeus is a muscle of the pelvic floor, located posterior to levator ani and anterior to the sacrospinous ligament.
Structure
The coccygeus muscle is posterior to levator ani and anterior to the sacrospinous ligament in the pelvic floor. It is a triangular plane of muscular and tendin... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propylthiouracil | Propylthiouracil (PTU) is a medication used to treat hyperthyroidism. This includes hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease and toxic multinodular goiter. In a thyrotoxic crisis it is generally more effective than methimazole. Otherwise it is typically only used when methimazole, surgery, and radioactive iodine is not ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low%20Pin%20Count | The Low Pin Count (LPC) bus is a computer bus used on IBM-compatible personal computers to connect low-bandwidth devices to the CPU, such as the BIOS ROM (BIOS ROM was moved to the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus in 2006), "legacy" I/O devices (integrated into Super I/O, Embedded Controller, CPLD, and/or IPMI chi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbitrated%20loop | The arbitrated loop, also known as FC-AL, is a Fibre Channel topology in which devices are connected in a one-way loop fashion in a ring topology. Historically it was a lower-cost alternative to a fabric topology. It allowed connection of many servers and computer storage devices without using then very costly Fibre C... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switched%20fabric | Switched fabric or switching fabric is a network topology in which network nodes interconnect via one or more network switches (particularly crossbar switches). Because a switched fabric network spreads network traffic across multiple physical links, it yields higher total throughput than broadcast networks, such as th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcifuge | A calcifuge is a plant that does not tolerate alkaline (basic) soil. The word is derived from the Latin 'to flee from chalk'. These plants are also described as ericaceous, as the prototypical calcifuge is the genus Erica (heaths). It is not the presence of carbonate or hydroxide ions per se that these plants cannot t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcicole | A calcicole, calciphyte or calciphile is a plant that thrives in lime rich soil. The word is derived from the Latin 'to dwell on chalk'. Under acidic conditions, aluminium becomes more soluble and phosphate less. As a consequence, calcicoles grown on acidic soils often develop the symptoms of aluminium toxicity, i.e. n... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constituent%20quark | A constituent quark is a current quark with a notional "covering" induced by the renormalization group.
In the low-energy limit of QCD, a description by means of perturbation theory is not possible: Here, no asymptotic freedom exists, but collective interactions between valence quarks and sea quarks gain strongly in s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QCD%20matter | Quark matter or QCD matter (quantum chromodynamic) refers to any of a number of hypothetical phases of matter whose degrees of freedom include quarks and gluons, of which the prominent example is quark-gluon plasma. Several series of conferences in 2019, 2020, and 2021 were devoted to this topic.
Quarks are liberated ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas%20leak | A gas leak refers to a leak of natural gas or another gaseous product from a pipeline or other containment into any area where the gas should not be present. Gas leaks can be hazardous to health as well as the environment. Even a small leak into a building or other confined space may gradually build up an explosive or ... |
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