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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichrome%20staining | Trichrome staining is a histological staining method that uses two or more acid dyes in conjunction with a polyacid. Staining differentiates tissues by tinting them in contrasting colours. It increases the contrast of microscopic features in cells and tissues, which makes them easier to see when viewed through a micros... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neisseria%20meningitidis | Neisseria meningitidis, often referred to as the meningococcus, is a Gram-negative bacterium that can cause meningitis and other forms of meningococcal disease such as meningococcemia, a life-threatening sepsis. The bacterium is referred to as a coccus because it is round, and more specifically a diplococcus because of... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fumonisin%20B1 | Fumonisin B1 is the most prevalent member of a family of toxins, known as fumonisins, produced by several species of Fusarium molds, such as Fusarium verticillioides, which occur mainly in maize (corn), wheat and other cereals. Fumonisin B1 contamination of maize has been reported worldwide at mg/kg levels. Human expos... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5-Nitro-2-propoxyaniline | 5-Nitro-2-propoxyaniline, also known as P-4000 and Ultrasüss, is about 4,000 times the intensity of sucrose (hence its alternate name, P-4000). It is an orange solid that is only slightly soluble in water. It is stable in boiling water and dilute acids. 5-Nitro-2-propoxyaniline was once used as an artificial sweetene... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QCD%20vacuum | The QCD vacuum is the quantum vacuum state of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). It is an example of a non-perturbative vacuum state, characterized by non-vanishing condensates such as the gluon condensate and the quark condensate in the complete theory which includes quarks. The presence of these condensates characterizes ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siegel%20zero | In mathematics, more specifically in the field of analytic number theory, a Landau–Siegel zero or simply Siegel zero (also known as exceptional zero), named after Edmund Landau and Carl Ludwig Siegel, is a type of potential counterexample to the generalized Riemann hypothesis, on the zeros of Dirichlet L-functions asso... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antarctic%20Technology%20Offshore%20Lagoon%20Laboratory | The Antarctic Technology Offshore Lagoon Laboratory (ATOLL) was a floating oceanographic laboratory for in situ observation experiments. This facility also tested instruments and equipment for polar expeditions. The ATOLL hull was the largest fiberglass structure ever built at that time. It was in operation from 1982 t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facial%20symmetry | Facial symmetry is one specific measure of bodily symmetry. Along with traits such as averageness and youthfulness it influences judgments of aesthetic traits of physical attractiveness and beauty. For instance, in mate selection, people have been shown to have a preference for symmetry.
Facial bilateral symmetry is t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social%20behavior | Social behavior is behavior among two or more organisms within the same species, and encompasses any behavior in which one member affects the other. This is due to an interaction among those members. Social behavior can be seen as similar to an exchange of goods, with the expectation that when you give, you will receiv... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiosensitivity | Radiosensitivity is the relative susceptibility of cells, tissues, organs or organisms to the harmful effect of ionizing radiation.
Cells types affected
Cells are least sensitive when in the S phase, then the G1 phase, then the G2 phase, and most sensitive in the M phase of the cell cycle. This is described by the 'la... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large%20sieve | The large sieve is a method (or family of methods and related ideas) in analytic number theory. It is a type of sieve where up to half of all residue classes of numbers are removed, as opposed to small sieves such as the Selberg sieve wherein only a few residue classes are removed. The method has been further heightene... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data%20General/One | The Data General/One (DG-1) was a laptop introduced in 1984 by Data General.
Description
The nine-pound battery-powered 1984 Data General/One ran MS-DOS and had dual 3.5" diskettes, a 79-key full-stroke keyboard, 128 KB to 512 KB of RAM, and a monochrome LCD screen capable of either the standard 80×25 characters or fu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afforestation | Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees (forestation) in an area where there was no recent tree cover. Many government and non-governmental organizations directly engage in afforestation programs to create forests and increase carbon capture. Afforestation is an increasingly sought-after method... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapinguari | Mpinguari, or Mpinguary, (also called the Juma) are mythical monstrous jungle-dwelling spirits from Brazilian folklore said to protect the forest and its animals.
Description
There are various depictions of the mapinguari. Prior to 1933, traditional folklore describe it as a former human shaman turned into a hairy hu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distortion%20%28optics%29 | In geometric optics, distortion is a deviation from rectilinear projection; a projection in which straight lines in a scene remain straight in an image. It is a form of optical aberration.
Radial distortion
Although distortion can be irregular or follow many patterns, the most commonly encountered distortions are rad... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartan%E2%80%93K%C3%A4hler%20theorem | In mathematics, the Cartan–Kähler theorem is a major result on the integrability conditions for differential systems, in the case of analytic functions, for differential ideals . It is named for Élie Cartan and Erich Kähler.
Meaning
It is not true that merely having contained in is sufficient for integrability. Ther... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended%20affix%20grammar | In computer science, extended affix grammars (EAGs) are a formal grammar formalism for describing the context free and context sensitive syntax of language, both natural language and programming languages.
EAGs are a member of the family of two-level grammars; more specifically, a restriction of Van Wijngaarden gramma... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypervelocity | Hypervelocity is very high velocity, approximately over 3,000 meters per second (6,700 mph, 11,000 km/h, 10,000 ft/s, or Mach 8.8). In particular, hypervelocity is velocity so high that the strength of materials upon impact is very small compared to inertial stresses. Thus, metals and fluids behave alike under hypervel... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbreviated%20dialing | Abbreviated dialing is the use of a very short digit sequence to reach specific telephone numbers, such as those of public services. The purpose of such numbers is to be universal, short, and easy to remember. Typically they are two or three digits.
Carriers refer to the shortened number sequences as abbreviated diali... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video%20game%20clone | A video game clone is either a video game or a video game console very similar to, or heavily inspired by, a previous popular game or console. Clones are typically made to take financial advantage of the popularity of the cloned game or system, but clones may also result from earnest attempts to create homages or expan... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage%20point | A percentage point or percent point is the unit for the arithmetic difference between two percentages. For example, moving up from 40 percent to 44 percent is an increase of 4 percentage points (although it is a 10-percent increase in the quantity being measured, if the total amount remains the same). In written text, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP%20traceback | IP traceback is any method for reliably determining the origin of a packet on the Internet. The IP protocol does not provide for the authentication of the source IP address of an IP packet, enabling the source address to be falsified in a strategy called IP address spoofing, and creating potential internet security and... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteolysis | Osteolysis is an active resorption of bone matrix by osteoclasts and can be interpreted as the reverse of ossification. Although osteoclasts are active during the natural formation of healthy bone the term "osteolysis" specifically refers to a pathological process. Osteolysis often occurs in the proximity of a prosthes... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluctuating%20asymmetry | Fluctuating asymmetry (FA), is a form of biological asymmetry, along with anti-symmetry and direction asymmetry. Fluctuating asymmetry refers to small, random deviations away from perfect bilateral symmetry. This deviation from perfection is thought to reflect the genetic and environmental pressures experienced through... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferior%20oblique%20muscle | The inferior oblique muscle or obliquus oculi inferior is a thin, narrow muscle placed near the anterior margin of the floor of the orbit. The inferior oblique is one of the extraocular muscles, and is attached to the maxillary bone (origin) and the posterior, inferior, lateral surface of the eye (insertion). The infe... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professional%20Graphics%20Controller | Professional Graphics Controller (PGC, often called Professional Graphics Adapter and sometimes Professional Graphics Array) is a graphics card manufactured by IBM for PCs. It consists of three interconnected PCBs, and contains its own processor and memory. The PGC was, at the time of its release, the most advanced gra... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper%20memory%20area | In DOS memory management, the upper memory area (UMA) is the memory between the addresses of 640 KB and 1024 KB (0xA0000–0xFFFFF) in an IBM PC or compatible. IBM reserved the uppermost 384 KB of the 8088 CPU's 1024 KB address space for BIOS ROM, Video BIOS, Option ROMs, video RAM, RAM on peripherals, memory-mapped I/O,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygene | A polygene is a member of a group of non-epistatic genes that interact additively to influence a phenotypic trait, thus contributing to multiple-gene inheritance (polygenic inheritance, multigenic inheritance, quantitative inheritance), a type of non-Mendelian inheritance, as opposed to single-gene inheritance, which i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NEC%20SX | NEC SX describes a series of vector supercomputers designed, manufactured, and marketed by NEC. This computer series is notable for providing the first computer to exceed 1 gigaflop, as well as the fastest supercomputer in the world between 1992–1993, and 2002–2004. The current model, as of 2018, is the SX-Aurora TSUBA... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20backup%20software | This is a list of notable backup software that performs data backups. Archivers, transfer protocols, and version control systems are often used for backups but only software focused on backup is listed here. See Comparison of backup software for features.
Free and open-source software
Commercial and closed-source sof... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bevel | A bevelled edge (UK) or beveled edge (US) is an edge of a structure that is not perpendicular to the faces of the piece. The words bevel and chamfer overlap in usage; in general usage they are often interchanged, while in technical usage they may sometimes be differentiated as shown in the image at right. A bevel is ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shade%20avoidance | Shade avoidance is a set of responses that plants display when they are subjected to the shade of another plant. It often includes elongation, altered flowering time, increased apical dominance and altered partitioning of resources. This set of responses is collectively called the shade-avoidance syndrome (SAS).
Shade... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aptamer | Aptamers are short sequences of artificial DNA, RNA, XNA, or peptide that bind a specific target molecule, or family of target molecules. They exhibit a range of affinities (KD in the pM to μM range), with variable levels of off-target binding and are sometimes classified as chemical antibodies. Aptamers and antibodies... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weil%E2%80%93Ch%C3%A2telet%20group | In arithmetic geometry, the Weil–Châtelet group or WC-group of an algebraic group such as an abelian variety A defined over a field K is the abelian group of principal homogeneous spaces for A, defined over K. named it for who introduced it for elliptic curves, and , who introduced it for more general groups. It pla... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selmer%20group | In arithmetic geometry, the Selmer group, named in honor of the work of by , is a group constructed from an isogeny of abelian varieties.
The Selmer group of an isogeny
The Selmer group of an abelian variety A with respect to an isogeny f : A → B of abelian varieties can be defined in terms of Galois cohomology as
... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic%20organizer | An electronic organizer (or electric organizer) is a small calculator-sized computer, often with an built-in diary application and other functions such as an address book and calendar, replacing paper-based personal organizers. Typically, it has a small alphanumeric keypad and an LCD screen of one, two, or three lines.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bidirectional%20Forwarding%20Detection | Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) is a network protocol that is used to detect faults between two routers or switches connected by a link. It provides low-overhead detection of faults even on physical media that doesn't support failure detection of any kind, such as Ethernet, virtual circuits, tunnels and MPLS l... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretary%20problem | The secretary problem demonstrates a scenario involving optimal stopping theory that is studied extensively in the fields of applied probability, statistics, and decision theory. It is also known as the marriage problem, the sultan's dowry problem, the fussy suitor problem, the googol game, and the best choice problem.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierarchical%20storage%20management | Hierarchical storage management (HSM), also known as Tiered storage, is a data storage and Data management technique that automatically moves data between high-cost and low-cost storage media. HSM systems exist because high-speed storage devices, such as solid state drive arrays, are more expensive (per byte stored) th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etymological%20fallacy | An etymological fallacy is an argument that a word is defined by its etymology, and that its customary usage is therefore incorrect.
History
Ancient Greeks taught that a word's meaning could be tracked across time, creating a distinction between formal and informal language, with a similar practice existing among an... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allium%20drummondii | Allium drummondii, also known as Drummond's onion, wild garlic and prairie onion, is a North American species of onion native to the southern Great Plains of North America. It is found in South Dakota, Kansas, Nebraska, Colorado, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Texas, New Mexico, and northeastern Mexico.
Allium drummondii is a bu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allium%20canadense | Allium canadense, the Canada onion, Canadian garlic, wild garlic, meadow garlic and wild onion is a perennial plant native to eastern North America from Texas to Florida to New Brunswick to Montana. The species is also cultivated in other regions as an ornamental and as a garden culinary herb. The plant is also reporte... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scattering%20parameters | Scattering parameters or S-parameters (the elements of a scattering matrix or S-matrix) describe the electrical behavior of linear electrical networks when undergoing various steady state stimuli by electrical signals.
The parameters are useful for several branches of electrical engineering, including electronics, com... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neritic%20zone | The neritic zone (or sublittoral zone) is the relatively shallow part of the ocean above the drop-off of the continental shelf, approximately in depth.
From the point of view of marine biology it forms a relatively stable and well-illuminated environment for marine life, from plankton up to large fish and corals, whil... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrococcus%20luteus | Micrococcus luteus is a Gram-positive to Gram-variable, nonmotile, tetrad-arranging, pigmented, saprotrophic coccus bacterium in the family Micrococcaceae. It is urease and catalase positive. An obligate aerobe, M. luteus is found in soil, dust, water and air, and as part of the normal microbiota of the mammalian skin.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-state%20logic | In digital electronics, a tri-state or three-state buffer is a type of digital buffer that has three stable states: a high output state, a low output state, and a high-impedance state. In the high-impedance state, the output of the buffer is disconnected from the output bus, allowing other devices to drive the bus with... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptochrome | Cryptochromes (from the Greek κρυπτός χρώμα, "hidden colour") are a class of flavoproteins found in plants and animals that are sensitive to blue light. They are involved in the circadian rhythms and the sensing of magnetic fields in a number of species. The name cryptochrome was proposed as a portmanteau combining the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phototropin | Phototropins are photoreceptor proteins (more specifically, flavoproteins) that mediate phototropism responses in various species of algae, fungi and higher plants. Phototropins can be found throughout the leaves of a plant. Along with cryptochromes and phytochromes they allow plants to respond and alter their growth i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%2CN%27-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide | {{DISPLAYTITLE:N,N'''-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide}}
is an organic compound with the chemical formula (C6H11N)2C. It is a waxy white solid with a sweet odor. Its primary use is to couple amino acids during artificial peptide synthesis. The low melting point of this material allows it to be melted for easy handling. It ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic%20geometry | In mathematics, arithmetic geometry is roughly the application of techniques from algebraic geometry to problems in number theory. Arithmetic geometry is centered around Diophantine geometry, the study of rational points of algebraic varieties.
In more abstract terms, arithmetic geometry can be defined as the study of... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional%20design | Functional Design is a paradigm used to simplify the design of hardware and software devices such as computer software and, increasingly, 3D models. A functional design assures that each modular part of a device has only one responsibility and performs that responsibility with the minimum of side effects on other parts... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag%20of%20Orkney | The Flag of Orkney was the winner of a public flag consultation in February and March 2007. In the flag consultation the people of Orkney were asked for their preferred design from a short list of 5, all of which had been approved by the Court of the Lord Lyon. The chosen design was that of Duncan Tullock of Birsay, wh... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxyl%20tagging%20velocimetry | Hydroxyl tagging velocimetry (HTV) is a velocimetry method used in humid air flows. The
method is often used in high-speed combusting flows because the high velocity and temperature
accentuate its advantages over similar methods. HTV uses a laser (often an argon-fluoride
excimer laser operating at ~193 nm) to dissocia... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-replay | Anti-replay is a sub-protocol of IPsec that is part of Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). The main goal of anti-replay is to avoid hackers injecting or making changes in packets that travel from a source to a destination. Anti-replay protocol uses a unidirectional security association in order to establish a secur... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPSANET | IPSANET was a packet switching network written by I. P. Sharp Associates (IPSA). Operation began in May 1976. It initially used the IBM 3705 Communications Controller and Computer Automation LSI-2 computers as nodes. An Intel 80286 based-node was added in 1987. It was called the Beta node.
The original purpose was... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence-friendly%20logic | Independence-friendly logic (IF logic; proposed by Jaakko Hintikka and in 1989) is an extension of classical first-order logic (FOL) by means of slashed quantifiers of the form and , where is a finite set of variables. The intended reading of is "there is a which is functionally independent from the variables in "... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson%20quotient | The Wilson quotient W(p) is defined as:
If p is a prime number, the quotient is an integer by Wilson's theorem; moreover, if p is composite, the quotient is not an integer. If p divides W(p), it is called a Wilson prime. The integer values of W(p) are :
W(2) = 1
W(3) = 1
W(5) = 5
W(7) = 103
W(11) = 329891
W(13)... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATA%20over%20Ethernet | ATA over Ethernet (AoE) is a network protocol developed by the Brantley Coile Company, designed for simple, high-performance access of block storage devices over Ethernet networks. It is used to build storage area networks (SANs) with low-cost, standard technologies.
Protocol description
AoE runs on layer 2 Ethernet.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depletion%20region | In semiconductor physics, the depletion region, also called depletion layer, depletion zone, junction region, space charge region or space charge layer, is an insulating region within a conductive, doped semiconductor material where the mobile charge carriers have been diffused away, or have been forced away by an elec... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belief%E2%80%93desire%E2%80%93intention%20software%20model | The belief–desire–intention software model (BDI) is a software model developed for programming intelligent agents. Superficially characterized by the implementation of an agent's beliefs, desires and intentions, it actually uses these concepts to solve a particular problem in agent programming. In essence, it provides ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gruit | Gruit (alternately grut or gruyt) is a herb mixture used for bittering and flavouring beer, popular before the extensive use of hops. The terms gruit and grut ale may also refer to the beverage produced using gruit. Historically, gruit is the term used in the historic Low Countries and the Holy Roman Empire (westernmos... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagebrush%20steppe | Sagebrush steppe is a type of shrub-steppe, a plant community characterized by the presence of shrubs, and usually dominated by sagebrush, any of several species in the genus Artemisia. This ecosystem is found in the Intermountain West in the United States.
The most common sagebrush species in the sagebrush steppe in ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavioral%20sink | "Behavioral sink" is a term invented by ethologist John B. Calhoun to describe a collapse in behavior which can result from overcrowding. The term and concept derive from a series of over-population experiments Calhoun conducted on Norway rats between 1958 and 1962.
In the experiments, Calhoun and his researchers creat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordic%20cross%20flag | A Nordic cross flag is a flag bearing the design of the Nordic or Scandinavian cross, a cross symbol in a rectangular field, with the centre of the cross shifted towards the hoist.
All independent Nordic countries have adopted such flags in the modern period, and while the Nordic cross is named for its use in the nati... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquatic%20ecosystem | An aquatic ecosystem is an ecosystem found in and around a body of water, in contrast to land-based terrestrial ecosystems. Aquatic ecosystems contain communities of organisms—aquatic life—that are dependent on each other and on their environment. The two main types of aquatic ecosystems are marine ecosystems and fresh... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalized%20method%20of%20moments | In econometrics and statistics, the generalized method of moments (GMM) is a generic method for estimating parameters in statistical models. Usually it is applied in the context of semiparametric models, where the parameter of interest is finite-dimensional, whereas the full shape of the data's distribution function ma... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skew%20lines | In three-dimensional geometry, skew lines are two lines that do not intersect and are not parallel. A simple example of a pair of skew lines is the pair of lines through opposite edges of a regular tetrahedron. Two lines that both lie in the same plane must either cross each other or be parallel, so skew lines can exi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric%20potential%20energy | Electric potential energy is a potential energy (measured in joules) that results from conservative Coulomb forces and is associated with the configuration of a particular set of point charges within a defined system. An object may be said to have electric potential energy by virtue of either its own electric charge or... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evil%20bit | The evil bit is a fictional IPv4 packet header field proposed in a humorous April Fools' Day RFC from 2003, authored by Steve Bellovin. The Request for Comments recommended that the last remaining unused bit, the "Reserved Bit" in the IPv4 packet header, be used to indicate whether a packet had been sent with malicious... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divergent%20evolution | Divergent evolution or divergent selection is the accumulation of differences between closely related populations within a species, sometimes leading to speciation. Divergent evolution is typically exhibited when two populations become separated by a geographic barrier (such as in allopatric or peripatric speciation) a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Littlewood%E2%80%93Offord%20problem | In mathematical field of combinatorial geometry, the Littlewood–Offord problem is the problem of determining the number of subsums of a set of vectors that fall in a given convex set. More formally, if V is a vector space of dimension d, the problem is to determine, given a finite subset of vectors S and a convex subse... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE%20Transactions%20on%20Information%20Theory | IEEE Transactions on Information Theory is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the IEEE Information Theory Society. It covers information theory and the mathematics of communications. It was established in 1953 as IRE Transactions on Information Theory. The editor-in-chief is Muriel Médard (Massachu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple%20Network%20Paging%20Protocol | Simple Network Paging Protocol (SNPP) is a protocol that defines a method by which a pager can receive a message over the Internet. It is supported by most major paging providers, and serves as an alternative to the paging modems used by many telecommunications services. The protocol was most recently described in . ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapoport%27s%20rule | Rapoport's rule is an ecogeographical rule that states that latitudinal ranges of plants and animals are generally smaller at lower latitudes than at higher latitudes.
Background
Stevens (1989) named the rule after Eduardo H. Rapoport, who had earlier provided evidence for the phenomenon for subspecies of mammals (Ra... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pumapard | A pumapard is a hybrid of a cougar and a leopard. Both male cougar with female leopard and male leopard with female cougar pairings have produced offspring. In general, these hybrids have exhibited a tendency to dwarfism.
Characteristics
Whether born to a male cougar mated to a leopardess, or to a male leopard mated t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FastICA | FastICA is an efficient and popular algorithm for independent component analysis invented by Aapo Hyvärinen at Helsinki University of Technology. Like most ICA algorithms, FastICA seeks an orthogonal rotation of prewhitened data, through a fixed-point iteration scheme, that maximizes a measure of non-Gaussianity of the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codd%27s%20cellular%20automaton | Codd's cellular automaton is a cellular automaton (CA) devised by the British computer scientist Edgar F. Codd in 1968. It was designed to recreate the computation- and construction-universality of von Neumann's CA but with fewer states: 8 instead of 29. Codd showed that it was possible to make a self-reproducing machi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical%20resolution | Optical resolution describes the ability of an imaging system to resolve detail, in the object that is being imaged.
An imaging system may have many individual components, including one or more lenses, and/or recording and display components. Each of these contributes (given suitable design, and adequate alignment) to... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossed%20module | In mathematics, and especially in homotopy theory, a crossed module consists of groups and , where acts on by automorphisms (which we will write on the left, , and a homomorphism of groups
that is equivariant with respect to the conjugation action of on itself:
and also satisfies the so-called Peiffer ide... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conic%20constant | In geometry, the conic constant (or Schwarzschild constant, after Karl Schwarzschild) is a quantity describing conic sections, and is represented by the letter K. The constant is given by where is the eccentricity of the conic section.
The equation for a conic section with apex at the origin and tangent to the y ax... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teleoperation | Teleoperation (or remote operation) indicates operation of a system or machine at a distance. It is similar in meaning to the phrase "remote control" but is usually encountered in research, academia and technology. It is most commonly associated with robotics and mobile robots but can be applied to a whole range of c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity%20darkening | Gravity darkening, also referred to as gravity brightening, is an astronomical phenomenon where the poles of a star are brighter than the equator, due to rapid rotation and oblate shape. When a star is oblate, it has a larger radius at its equator than it does at its poles. As a result, the poles have a higher surface... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyan | Tyan Computer Corporation (泰安電腦科技股份有限公司; also known as Tyan Business Unit, or TBU) is a subsidiary of MiTAC International, and a manufacturer of computer motherboards, including models for both AMD and Intel processors. They develop and produce high-end server, SMP, and desktop barebones systems as well as provide desi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIGTRAN | SIGTRAN is the name, derived from signaling transport, of the former Internet Task Force (I) working group that produced specifications for a family of protocols that provide reliable datagram service and user layer adaptations for Signaling System and ISDN communications protocols. The SIGTRAN protocols are an exten... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Alvin%20Howard | William Alvin Howard (born 1926) is a proof theorist best known for his work demonstrating formal similarity between intuitionistic logic and the simply typed lambda calculus that has come to be known as the Curry–Howard correspondence. He has also been active in the theory of proof-theoretic ordinals. He earned his ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CableACE%20Award | The CableACE Award (earlier known as the ACE Awards; ACE was an acronym for "Award for Cable Excellence") is a defunct award that was given by what was then the National Cable Television Association from 1978 to 1997 to honor excellence in American cable television programming. The trophy itself was shaped as a glass s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epitaxial%20wafer | An epitaxial wafer (also called epi wafer, epi-wafer, or epiwafer) is a wafer of semiconducting material made by epitaxial growth (epitaxy) for use in photonics, microelectronics, spintronics, or photovoltaics. The epi layer may be the same material as the substrate, typically monocrystaline silicon, or it may be a sil... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin%20letters%20used%20in%20mathematics%2C%20science%2C%20and%20engineering | Many letters of the Latin alphabet, both capital and small, are used in mathematics, science, and engineering to denote by convention specific or abstracted constants, variables of a certain type, units, multipliers, or physical entities. Certain letters, when combined with special formatting, take on special meaning.
... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-fluid%20model | Two-fluid model is a macroscopic traffic flow model to represent traffic in a town/city or metropolitan area, put forward in the 1970s by Ilya Prigogine and Robert Herman.
There is also a two-fluid model which helps explain the behavior of superfluid helium. This model states that there will be two components in liqu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color%20model | A color model is an abstract mathematical model describing the way colors can be represented as tuples of numbers, typically as three or four values or color components. When this model is associated with a precise description of how the components are to be interpreted (viewing conditions, etc.), taking account of vis... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixed%20waste%20%28radioactive/hazardous%29 | According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency, mixed waste (MW) is a waste type defined as follows; "MW contains both hazardous waste (as defined by RCRA and its amendments) and radioactive waste (as defined by AEA and its amendments). It is jointly regulated by NRC or NRC's Agreement States and EPA or... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socket%205 | Socket 5 was created for the second generation of Intel P5 Pentium processors operating at speeds from 75 to 133 MHz as well as certain Pentium OverDrive and Pentium MMX processors with core voltage 3.3 V. It superseded the earlier Socket 4. It was released in March 1994. Consisting of 320 pins, this was the first sock... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMIF%20%28interface%29 | SMIF (Standard Mechanical Interface) is an isolation technology developed in the 1980s by a group known as the "micronauts" at Hewlett-Packard in Palo Alto. The system is used in semiconductor wafer fabrication and cleanroom environments. It is a SEMI standard.
Development
The core development team was led by Ulrich K... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring%20strain | In organic chemistry, ring strain is a type of instability that exists when bonds in a molecule form angles that are abnormal. Strain is most commonly discussed for small rings such as cyclopropanes and cyclobutanes, whose internal angles are substantially smaller than the idealized value of approximately 109°. Becau... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welsh%20Dragon | The Welsh Dragon (, meaning 'the red dragon'; ) is a heraldic symbol that represents Wales and appears on the national flag of Wales.
As an emblem, the red dragon of Wales has been used since the reign of Cadwaladr, King of Gwynedd from around 655AD and is historically known as the "Red Dragon of Cadwaladr". Ancient ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ShadowCrew | ShadowCrew was a cybercrime forum that operated under the domain name ShadowCrew.com between August 2002 and November 2004.
Origins
The concept of the ShadowCrew was developed in early 2002 during a series of chat sessions between Brett Johnson (GOllumfun), Seth Sanders (Kidd), and Kim Marvin Taylor (MacGayver). The S... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torricelli%27s%20equation | In physics, Torricelli's equation, or Torricelli's formula, is an equation created by Evangelista Torricelli to find the final velocity of a moving object with constant acceleration along an axis (for example, the x axis) without having a known time interval.
The equation itself is:
where
is the object's final veloc... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hatching | Hatching () is an artistic technique used to create tonal or shading effects by drawing (or painting or scribing) closely spaced parallel lines. When lines are placed at an angle to one another, it is called cross-hatching. Hatching is also sometimes used to encode colours in monochromatic representations of colour i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep-level%20trap | Deep-level traps or deep-level defects are a generally undesirable type of electronic defect in semiconductors. They are "deep" in the sense that the energy required to remove an electron or hole from the trap to the valence or conduction band is much larger than the characteristic thermal energy kT, where k is the Bol... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinnbarkeit | Spinnbarkeit (English: spinnability), also known as fibrosity, is a biomedical rheology term which refers to the stringy or stretchy property found to varying degrees in mucus, saliva, albumen and similar viscoelastic fluids. The term is used especially with reference to cervical mucus at the time just prior to or duri... |
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