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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MOSQUITO
In cryptography, MOSQUITO was a stream cipher algorithm designed by Joan Daemen and Paris Kitsos. It was submitted to the eSTREAM Project of the eCRYPT network. After the initial design was broken by Joux and Muller, a tweaked version named MOUSTIQUE was proposed which made it to Phase 3 of the eSTREAM evaluation proce...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystallization
Crystallization is the process by which solid forms, where the atoms or molecules are highly organized into a structure known as a crystal. Some ways by which crystals form are precipitating from a solution, freezing, or more rarely deposition directly from a gas. Attributes of the resulting crystal depend largely on f...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitoelectromagnetism
Gravitoelectromagnetism, abbreviated GEM, refers to a set of formal analogies between the equations for electromagnetism and relativistic gravitation; specifically: between Maxwell's field equations and an approximation, valid under certain conditions, to the Einstein field equations for general relativity. Gravitomagn...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMG-CoA
β-Hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA), also known as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A, is an intermediate in the mevalonate and ketogenesis pathways. It is formed from acetyl CoA and acetoacetyl CoA by HMG-CoA synthase. The research of Minor J. Coon and Bimal Kumar Bachhawat in the 1950s at University of Illino...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Position%20resection%20and%20intersection
Position resection and intersection are methods for determining an unknown geographic position (position finding) by measuring angles with respect to known positions. In resection, the one point with unknown coordinates is occupied and sightings are taken to the known points; in intersection, the two points with known ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacOS%20version%20history
The history of macOS, Apple's current Mac operating system formerly named Mac OS X until 2011 and then OS X until 2016, began with the company's project to replace its "classic" Mac OS. That system, up to and including its final release Mac OS 9, was a direct descendant of the operating system Apple had used in its Mac...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended%20Kalman%20filter
In estimation theory, the extended Kalman filter (EKF) is the nonlinear version of the Kalman filter which linearizes about an estimate of the current mean and covariance. In the case of well defined transition models, the EKF has been considered the de facto standard in the theory of nonlinear state estimation, naviga...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-organizing%20map
A self-organizing map (SOM) or self-organizing feature map (SOFM) is an unsupervised machine learning technique used to produce a low-dimensional (typically two-dimensional) representation of a higher dimensional data set while preserving the topological structure of the data. For example, a data set with variables me...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nager%20acrofacial%20dysostosis
Nager acrofacial dysostosis, also known as Nager syndrome, is a genetic disorder which displays several or all of the following characteristics: underdevelopment of the cheek and jaw area, down-sloping of the opening of the eyes, lack or absence of the lower eyelashes, kidney or stomach reflux, hammer toes, shortened s...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web%20Application%20Description%20Language
The Web Application Description Language (WADL) is a machine-readable XML description of HTTP-based web services. WADL models the resources provided by a service and the relationships between them. WADL is intended to simplify the reuse of web services that are based on the existing HTTP architecture of the Web. It is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CICE%20%28sea%20ice%20model%29
CICE () is a computer model that simulates the growth, melt and movement of sea ice. It has been integrated into many coupled climate system models as well as global ocean and weather forecasting models and is often used as a tool in Arctic and Southern Ocean research. CICE development began in the mid-1990s by the Un...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leigh%20Canham
Leigh Canham is a British scientist who has pioneered the optoelectronic and biomedical applications of porous silicon. Leigh Canham graduated from University College London in 1979 with a BSc in Physics and completed his PhD at King's College London in 1983. His early work in this area took place at the Royal Signal...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colossal%20Biosciences
Colossal Biosciences is a biotechnology and genetic engineering company working to genetically resurrect the woolly mammoth, the Tasmanian tiger, and the dodo. It has claimed to have the first woolly mammoth hybrid calves by 2028 and will reintroduce them to the Arctic tundra habitat to restore the mammoth steppe grass...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-distribution
In probability and statistics, the generalized K-distribution is a three-parameter family of continuous probability distributions. The distribution arises by compounding two gamma distributions. In each case, a re-parametrization of the usual form of the family of gamma distributions is used, such that the parameters ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20Chen
Peter Pin-Shan Chen (; born 3 January 1947) is a Taiwanese American computer scientist. He is a (retired) distinguished career scientist and faculty member at Carnegie Mellon University and Distinguished Chair Professor Emeritus at LSU. He is known for the development of the entity–relationship model in 1976. Biograph...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social-emotional%20agnosia
Social-emotional agnosia, also known as emotional agnosia or expressive agnosia, is the inability to perceive facial expressions, body language, and voice intonation. A person with this disorder is unable to non-verbally perceive others' emotions in social situations, limiting normal social interactions. The condition ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinburn%20Spit
The Kinburn Spit () is a spit in Mykolaiv Raion, Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine. Its only land access is through Kherson Oblast. It occupies the westernmost part of the Kinburn Peninsula, stretching west into the Black Sea between the Dnieper-Bug estuary to the north and the Yahorlyk Bay to the south. It is approximately lo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outrunner
An outrunner is an electric motor having the rotor outside the stator, as though the motor were turned inside out. They are often used in radio-controlled model aircraft. This type of motor spins its outer shell around its windings, much like motors found in ordinary CD-ROM computer drives. In fact, CD-ROM motors are...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index%20of%20coincidence
In cryptography, coincidence counting is the technique (invented by William F. Friedman) of putting two texts side-by-side and counting the number of times that identical letters appear in the same position in both texts. This count, either as a ratio of the total or normalized by dividing by the expected count for a r...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puff%20pastry
Puff pastry, also known as , is a flaky light pastry made from a laminated dough composed of dough () and butter or other solid fat (). The butter is put inside the dough (or vice versa), making a that is repeatedly folded and rolled out before baking. The gaps that form between the layers left by the fat melting are...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackheart%20%28plant%20disease%29
Blackheart is a non-parasitic disease of the fruit of cultivated plants, such as tomatoes, that causes them to rot from the inside. External signs of the disease may or may not be present. The internal blackening develops in plants exposed to environmental pathology such as drought conditions or poor soil. Blossom-en...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxesis%20%28biology%29
Auxesis (from the Greek word meaning increase; grow) refers to growth from an increase in cell size rather than an increase in the number of cells. Auxetic growth occurs in certain tissues, such as muscle, of the higher animals as well as in some organisms, such as nematodes, tunicates, and rotifers. In plant physio...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bythopirellula
Bythopirellula is a genus of bacteria from the family of Planctomycetaceae with two known species. Bythopirellula goksoyri has been isolated from deep sea iron hydroxide deposits from the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge. See also List of bacterial orders List of bacteria genera
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geranylacetone
Geranylacetone is an organic compound with the formula CH3C(O)(CH2)2CH=C(CH3)(CH2)2CH=C(CH3)2. A colorless oil, it is the product of coupling geranyl and acetonyl groups. It is a precursor to synthetic squalene. Synthesis and occurrence Geranylacetone can be produced by transesterification of ethyl acetoacetate with ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2%201/2-dimensional%20manufacturing
-dimensional manufacturing, also known as -D, is a conventional way of describing a process for obtaining an object where the third dimension is somehow dependent from the transversal cross-section of the same. -D is used for differentiating a 3D process, like for example injection moulding, casting or forging, as wel...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramsden%20surveying%20instruments
The Ramsden surveying instruments are those constructed by Jesse Ramsden and used in high precision geodetic surveys carried out in the period 1784 to 1853. This includes the five great theodolites—great in name, great in size and great in accuracy—used in surveys of Britain and other parts of the world. Ramsden also p...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strong%20partition%20cardinal
In Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory without the axiom of choice a strong partition cardinal is an uncountable well-ordered cardinal such that every partition of the set of size subsets of into less than pieces has a homogeneous set of size . The existence of strong partition cardinals contradicts the axiom of choice. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leibniz%E2%80%93Clarke%20correspondence
The Leibniz–Clarke correspondence was a scientific, theological and philosophical debate conducted in an exchange of letters between the German thinker Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and Samuel Clarke, an English supporter of Isaac Newton during the years 1715 and 1716. The exchange began because of a letter Leibniz wrote ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desulfovibrio%20profundus
Desulfovibrio profundus is a bacterium. It is sulfate-reducing barophilic bacteria. It is strictly anaerobic, vibrio-shaped and its type strain is 500–1.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese%20Industrial%20Standards
are the standards used for industrial activities in Japan, coordinated by the Japanese Industrial Standards Committee (JISC) and published by the Japanese Standards Association (JSA). The JISC is composed of many nationwide committees and plays a vital role in standardizing activities across Japan. History In the Meij...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multipartition
In number theory and combinatorics, a multipartition of a positive integer n is a way of writing n as a sum, each element of which is in turn a partition. The concept is also found in the theory of Lie algebras. r-component multipartitions An r-component multipartition of an integer n is an r-tuple of partitions λ(1)...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack%20Hui
Jack Hui (; born 1988) is an alumnus from Queen's College in Hong Kong. He is considered a prominent student because of the outstanding performance in International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) and various national and regional mathematics competitions. Though accused of sexually assaulting an airline hostess, he was la...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycoside%20hydrolase%20family%205
In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 5 is a family of glycoside hydrolases , which are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on seque...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triller%20%28app%29
Triller is an American video-sharing social networking service. The service allows users to create and share short-form videos, including videos set to, or automatically synchronized to music using artificial intelligence technology. Triller was released for iOS and Android in 2015, and initially operated as a video ed...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raman%20Research%20Institute
The Raman Research Institute (RRI) is an institute for scientific research located in Bengaluru, India. It was founded by Nobel laureate C. V. Raman in 1948. Although it began as an institute privately owned by Sir C. V. Raman, it is now funded by the government of India. History Before Raman considered founding a res...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slot%20insulation
Slot insulation is the common name for shielding material used for the rotor inside a power generator. The slot insulation process for electric motors provides a barrier between the copper wirings and the steel lamination for all stator, armature and rotor products. This shielding material separates the rotor's electri...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuri%20%28Marvel%20Cinematic%20Universe%29
Shuri is a fictional character portrayed primarily by Letitia Wright in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) media franchise based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name, also inspired by the James Bond character Q. She is the courageous and tech-savvy younger sister of T'Challa, and the daughter of T'Chaka and...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Temperature%20Scale%20of%201990
The International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90) is an equipment calibration standard specified by the International Committee of Weights and Measures (CIPM) for making measurements on the Kelvin and Celsius temperature scales. It is an approximation of thermodynamic temperature that facilitates the comparability a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outer%20Plane
In the fantasy role-playing game Dungeons & Dragons, an Outer Plane is one of a number of general types of planes of existence. They can also be referred to as godly planes, spiritual planes or divine planes. The Outer Planes are home to beings such as deities and their servants such as demons, celestials and devils. E...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry%20ketone
Raspberry ketone is a natural phenolic compound that is the primary aroma compound of red raspberries. Occurrence Raspberry ketone occurs in a variety of fruits, including raspberries, cranberries, and blackberries. It is detected and released by orchid flowers, e.g. Dendrobium superbum (syn D. annosmum), and several ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human%20genetics
Human genetics is the study of inheritance as it occurs in human beings. Human genetics encompasses a variety of overlapping fields including: classical genetics, cytogenetics, molecular genetics, biochemical genetics, genomics, population genetics, developmental genetics, clinical genetics, and genetic counseling. Ge...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumflex
The circumflex () is a diacritic in the Latin and Greek scripts that is also used in the written forms of many languages and in various romanization and transcription schemes. It received its English name from "bent around"a translation of the (). The circumflex in the Latin script is chevron-shaped (), while the Gr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boolean%20expression
In computer science, a Boolean expression is an expression used in programming languages that produces a Boolean value when evaluated. A Boolean value is either true or false. A Boolean expression may be composed of a combination of the Boolean constants true or false, Boolean-typed variables, Boolean-valued operators,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial%20adhesin
Adhesins are cell-surface components or appendages of bacteria that facilitate adhesion or adherence to other cells or to surfaces, usually in the host they are infecting or living in. Adhesins are a type of virulence factor. Adherence is an essential step in bacterial pathogenesis or infection, required for colonizin...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical%20granulometry
Optical granulometry is the process of measuring the different grain sizes in a granular material, based on a photograph. Technology has been created to analyze a photograph and create statistics based on what the picture portrays. This information is vital in maintaining machinery in various trades worldwide. Minin...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GTK
GTK (formerly GIMP ToolKit and GTK+) is a free and open-source cross-platform widget toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces (GUIs). It is licensed under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License, allowing both free and proprietary software to use it. It is one of the most popular toolkits for the Wayla...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duplication%20and%20elimination%20matrices
In mathematics, especially in linear algebra and matrix theory, the duplication matrix and the elimination matrix are linear transformations used for transforming half-vectorizations of matrices into vectorizations or (respectively) vice versa. Duplication matrix The duplication matrix is the unique matrix which, fo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20sprout
Water sprouts or water shoots are shoots that arise from the trunk of a tree or from branches that are several years old, from latent buds. The latent buds might be visible on the bark of the tree, or submerged under the bark as epicormic buds. They are sometimes called suckers, although that term is more correctly ap...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YTH%20protein%20domain
In molecular biology, the protein domain, YTH refers to a member of the YTH family that has been shown to selectively remove transcripts of meiosis-specific genes expressed in mitotic cells. This protein domain, the YTH-domain, is conserved across all eukaryotes and suggests that the conserved C-terminal region plays ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio%20Equipment%20Directive%20%282022%29
The Directive (EU) 2022/2380 is a directive of the European Parliament and the European Council which was formally adopted on 23 November 2022 amending Radio Equipment Directive 2014/53. The directive mandates the use of USB-C as a universal charger using a standard USB-C to USB-C cable for smartphones, tablets, digita...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geitonogamy
Geitonogamy (from Greek geiton (γείτων) = neighbor + gamein (γαμεῖν) = to marry) is a type of self-pollination. Geitonogamous pollination is sometimes distinguished from the fertilizations that can result from it, geitonogamy. If a plant is self-incompatible, geitonogamy can reduce seed production. Geitonogamy is when...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mur%C4%83turi
Murături (Romanian for pickles) are vegetables or fruit pickled in brine, with added dill, oak leaves, celery and others for flavoring and preservation, as found in the Romanian cuisine of Romania and Moldova. The pickles are ordinarily made of locally grown produce such as beetroot, cucumber, green tomatoes (Romanian:...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyophorbe%20amaricaulis
Hyophorbe amaricaulis (also known as the "loneliest palm") is a species of palm tree of the order Arecales, family Arecaceae, subfamily Arecoideae, tribe Chamaedoreeae. It is found exclusively on the island of Mauritius, and only a single surviving specimen has been documented in the Curepipe Botanic Gardens in Curepip...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alt-Ergo
Alt-Ergo is an automatic solver for mathematical formulas, specifically designed for program verification. It is based on satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) and distributed under an open-source license (CeCILL-C). Alt-Ergo was developed by researchers at Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique, Inria Saclay Ile-de-F...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabinogalactan%20protein
Arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs) are highly glycosylated proteins (glycoproteins) found in the cell walls of plants. Each one consists of a protein with sugar molecules attached (which can account for more than 90% of the total mass). They are members of the wider class of hydroxyproline (Hyp)-rich cell wall glycoprotei...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ipomoea%20%C3%97%20multifida
Ipomea × multifida is a hybridogenic species. Its ancestors are I. coccinea and I. quamoclit (the cypress vine). Its allotetraploid is Ipomoea sloteri. Both are known as cardinal climber.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Write%20buffer
A write buffer is a type of data buffer that can be used to hold data being written from the cache to main memory or to the next cache in the memory hierarchy to improve performance and reduce latency. It is used in certain CPU cache architectures like Intel's x86 and AMD64. In multi-core systems, write buffers destroy...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson%20matrix
Wilson matrix is the following matrix having integers as elements: This is the coefficient matrix of the following system of linear equations considered in a paper by J. Morris published in 1946: Morris ascribes the source of the set of equations to one T. S. Wilson but no details about Wilson have been provided. Th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VIDC1
The VIDC1 was a Video Display Controller chip created as an accompanying chip to the ARM CPU used in Acorn Archimedes computer systems. Its successor, the VIDC20, was later used in RiscPCs. Video The VIDC1 offers colour depths of 1, 2, 4 or eight bits per colour, allowing for 2, 4, 16 and 256 colour displays (the VIDC...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duhamel%27s%20integral
In theory of vibrations, Duhamel's integral is a way of calculating the response of linear systems and structures to arbitrary time-varying external perturbation. Introduction Background The response of a linear, viscously damped single-degree of freedom (SDOF) system to a time-varying mechanical excitation p(t) is g...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multilinear%20subspace%20learning
Multilinear subspace learning is an approach for disentangling the causal factor of data formation and performing dimensionality reduction. The Dimensionality reduction can be performed on a data tensor that contains a collection of observations have been vectorized, or observations that are treated as matrices and...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potting%20%28electronics%29
In electronics, potting is a process of filling a complete electronic assembly with a solid or gelatinous compound for high voltage assemblies by excluding gaseous phenomena such as corona discharge, for resistance to shock and vibration, and for the exclusion of water, moisture, or corrosive agents. When such material...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uddanam%20nephropathy
Uddanam nephropathy is a chronic kidney disease (CKD) that is endemic in the Indian region of Uddanam in Andhra Pradesh. Nephropathy on an endemic scale was first reported in Andhra Pradesh in the 1990s. In 2015, over 34,000 cases of kidney disease were recorded in the region, and it was estimated that at least 4,500 p...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JX%20%28operating%20system%29
JX is a microkernel operating system with both the kernel and applications implemented using the Java programming language. Overview JX is implemented as an extended Java virtual machine (the JX Core), adding support to the Java system for necessary features such as protection domains and hardware access, along with a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracklib
Tracklib is a music service that allows producers to sample original music and clear the samples for official use. The platform was founded with the aim to solve legal and ethical issues surrounding sampling and music clearances. The platform has been previously used to sample and clear tracks for commercial releases b...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline%20of%20cosmological%20theories
This timeline of cosmological theories and discoveries is a chronological record of the development of humanity's understanding of the cosmos over the last two-plus millennia. Modern cosmological ideas follow the development of the scientific discipline of physical cosmology. For millennia, what today is known to be t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collision%20avoidance%20%28networking%29
In computer networking and telecommunication, collision-avoidance methods try to avoid resource contention by attempting to avoid simultaneous attempts to access the same resource. Collision-avoidance methods include prior scheduling of timeslots, carrier-detection schemes, randomized access times, and exponential bac...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whole%20genome%20sequencing
Whole genome sequencing (WGS), also known as full genome sequencing, complete genome sequencing, or entire genome sequencing, is the process of determining the entirety, or nearly the entirety, of the DNA sequence of an organism's genome at a single time. This entails sequencing all of an organism's chromosomal DNA as ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Money
John William Money (8 July 1921 – 7 July 2006) was a New Zealand American psychologist, sexologist and professor at Johns Hopkins University known for his research on human sexual behavior and gender. Working with endocrinologist Claude Migeon, Money established the Johns Hopkins Gender Identity Clinic, the first clin...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legacy%20Plug%20and%20Play
The term Legacy Plug and Play, also shortened to Legacy PnP, describes a series of specifications and Microsoft Windows features geared towards operating system configuration of devices, and some device IDs are assigned by UEFI Forum. The standards were primarily aimed at the IBM PC standard bus, later dubbed Industry ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical%20Wiener%20space
In mathematics, classical Wiener space is the collection of all continuous functions on a given domain (usually a subinterval of the real line), taking values in a metric space (usually n-dimensional Euclidean space). Classical Wiener space is useful in the study of stochastic processes whose sample paths are continuou...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscarinic%20acetylcholine%20receptor%20M4
{{DISPLAYTITLE:Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4}} The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4, also known as the cholinergic receptor, muscarinic 4 (CHRM4), is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the CHRM4 gene. Function M4 muscarinic receptors are coupled to Gi/o heterotrimeric proteins. They function as inh...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple%20set
In computability theory, a subset of the natural numbers is called simple if it is computably enumerable (c.e.) and co-infinite (i.e. its complement is infinite), but every infinite subset of its complement is not c.e.. Simple sets are examples of c.e. sets that are not computable. Relation to Post's problem Simple ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%98yvind%20Burrau
Øyvind Burrau (or Øjvind Burrau), born 24 March 1896 in Copenhagen, died 31 March 1979, was a Danish scientist who is best known for his early quantum mechanical description of the dihydrogen cation which he made while at the Niels Bohr Institute. Burrau worked as a geodesist at the Geodætisk Institut from 1928 to 196...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioelectrochemical%20reactor
A Bioelectrochemical reactor is a type of bioreactor where bioelectrochemical processes are used to degrade/produce organic materials using microorganisms. This bioreactor has two compartments: The anode, where the oxidation reaction takes place; And the cathode, where the reduction occurs. At these sites, electrons ar...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transaction%20Processing%20Performance%20Council
Transaction Processing Performance Council (TPC), founded in 1988, "is a non-profit organization founded [...] to define transaction processing and database benchmarks and to disseminate objective, verifiable TPC performance data to the industry". TPC benchmarks are used in evaluating the performance of computer system...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal%20certification%20in%20Europe
Halal meat is meat of animal slaughtered according to Quran and Sunnah and thus permitted for consumption by Muslims. Halal meat market is the segment of much bigger food market, which offers goods that can be deemed as halal. In the case of meat, the qualification of halal addresses the practice of slaughter, and it ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital%20rights%20in%20the%20Caribbean
Digital rights—human rights in relation to digital technologies—present particular challenges in the Caribbean countries, due to its geographies, political context, social inequalities and cultural diversity. While they face the same problem of digital divides as other regions, for islands the impacts of not accessing...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peano%E2%80%93Russell%20notation
In mathematical logic, Peano–Russell notation was Bertrand Russell's application of Giuseppe Peano's logical notation to the logical notions of Frege and was used in the writing of Principia Mathematica in collaboration with Alfred North Whitehead: "The notation adopted in the present work is based upon that of Peano, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video%20manipulation
Video manipulation is a type of media manipulation that targets digital video using video processing and video editing techniques. The applications of these methods range from educational videos to videos aimed at (mass) manipulation and propaganda, a straightforward extension of the long-standing possibilities of phot...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorbitan%20monopalmitate
Sorbitan monopalmitate (SMP) is a food additive, permitted by the EU. It is entry E495 in the E number list of permitted food additives. It is also known under the trade name Span 40. Synopsis Sorbitan monopalmitate has been known since at least 1959. Around 2000, SMP was permitted by the EU in bakery products, icing...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference%20genome
A reference genome (also known as a reference assembly) is a digital nucleic acid sequence database, assembled by scientists as a representative example of the set of genes in one idealized individual organism of a species. As they are assembled from the sequencing of DNA from a number of individual donors, reference...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokia%20770%20Internet%20Tablet
The Nokia 770 Internet Tablet is a wireless Internet appliance from Nokia, originally announced at the LinuxWorld Summit in New York City on 25 May 2005. It is designed for wireless Internet browsing and email functions and includes software such as Internet radio, an RSS news reader, ebook reader, image viewer and med...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choice%20sequence
In intuitionistic mathematics, a choice sequence is a constructive formulation of a sequence. Since the Intuitionistic school of mathematics, as formulated by L. E. J. Brouwer, rejects the idea of a completed infinity, in order to use a sequence (which is, in classical mathematics, an infinite object), we must have a f...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boomerang%20%28programming%20language%29
Boomerang is a programming language for writing lenses—well-behaved bidirectional transformations —that operate on ad-hoc, textual data formats. Boomerang grew out of the Harmony generic data synchronizer, which grew out of the Unison file synchronization project.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline%20of%20binary%20prefixes
This timeline of binary prefixes lists events in the history of the evolution, development, and use of units of measure which are germane to the definition of the binary prefixes by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) in 1998, used primarily with units of information such as the bit and the byte. Hist...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarpit%20%28networking%29
A tarpit is a service on a computer system (usually a server) that purposely delays incoming connections. The technique was developed as a defense against a computer worm, and the idea is that network abuses such as spamming or broad scanning are less effective, and therefore less attractive, if they take too long. The...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gated%20recurrent%20unit
Gated recurrent units (GRUs) are a gating mechanism in recurrent neural networks, introduced in 2014 by Kyunghyun Cho et al. The GRU is like a long short-term memory (LSTM) with a gating mechanism to input or forget certain features, but lacks a context vector or output gate, resulting in fewer parameters than LSTM. G...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online%20machine%20learning
In computer science, online machine learning is a method of machine learning in which data becomes available in a sequential order and is used to update the best predictor for future data at each step, as opposed to batch learning techniques which generate the best predictor by learning on the entire training data set ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrinoid%20necrosis
Fibrinoid necrosis is a specific pattern of irreversible, uncontrolled cell death that occurs when antigen-antibody complexes are deposited in the walls of blood vessels along with fibrin. It is common in the immune-mediated vasculitides which are a result of type III hypersensitivity. When stained with hematoxylin and...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen%20balance
The concept of nitrogen balance dictates that the difference between nitrogen intake and loss reflects gain or loss of total body protein respectively. If more nitrogen (protein) is given to the patient than is lost, the patient is considered to be anabolic or “in positive nitrogen balance." Nitrogen Balance = Nitroge...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cephalic%20index%20in%20cats%20and%20dogs
The cephalic index of a vertebrate is the ratio between the width (side to side) and length (front to back) of its cranium (skull). This ratio does not concern the muzzle or face, and thus is distinct from the craniofacial ratio, which compares the size of the cranium to the length of the muzzle. The two measures are...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data%20exfiltration
Data exfiltration occurs when malware and/or a malicious actor carries out an unauthorized data transfer from a computer. It is also commonly called data extrusion or data exportation. Data exfiltration is also considered a form of data theft. Since the year 2000, a number of data exfiltration efforts severely damaged ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug%20interaction
Drug interactions occur when a drug's mechanism of action is affected by the concomitant administration of substances such as foods, beverages, or other drugs. The cause is often inhibition of, or less effective action, of the specific receptors available to the drug. This influences drug molecules to bind to secondary...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GenoCAD
GenoCAD is one of the earliest computer assisted design tools for synthetic biology. The software is a bioinformatics tool developed and maintained by GenoFAB, Inc.. GenoCAD facilitates the design of protein expression vectors, artificial gene networks and other genetic constructs for genetic engineering and is based o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20management%20software
Energy Management Software (EMS) is a general term and category referring to a variety of energy-related software applications which may provide utility bill tracking, real-time metering, building HVAC and lighting control systems, building simulation and modeling, carbon and sustainability reporting, IT equipment mana...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoothing
In statistics and image processing, to smooth a data set is to create an approximating function that attempts to capture important patterns in the data, while leaving out noise or other fine-scale structures/rapid phenomena. In smoothing, the data points of a signal are modified so individual points higher than the adj...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuolar%20protein%20sorting
Vacuolar protein sorting proteins are involved in the intracellular sorting and delivery of soluble vacuolar proteins.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic%20numerals
Cyrillic numerals are a numeral system derived from the Cyrillic script, developed in the First Bulgarian Empire in the late 10th century. It was used in the First Bulgarian Empire and by South and East Slavic peoples. The system was used in Russia as late as the early 18th century, when Peter the Great replaced it wit...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bus%20mastering
In computing, bus mastering is a feature supported by many bus architectures that enables a device connected to the bus to initiate direct memory access (DMA) transactions. It is also referred to as first-party DMA, in contrast with third-party DMA where a system DMA controller actually does the transfer. Some types o...