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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topological%20string%20theory | In theoretical physics, topological string theory is a version of string theory. Topological string theory appeared in papers by theoretical physicists, such as Edward Witten and Cumrun Vafa, by analogy with Witten's earlier idea of topological quantum field theory.
Overview
There are two main versions of topological... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vectorial%20Mechanics | Vectorial Mechanics (1948) is a book on vector manipulation (i.e., vector methods) by Edward Arthur Milne, a highly decorated (e.g., James Scott Prize Lectureship) British astrophysicist and mathematician. Milne states that the text was due to conversations (circa 1924) with his then-colleague and erstwhile teacher Syd... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemerocallis%20citrina | Hemerocallis citrina, common names citron daylily and long yellow daylily, is a species of herbaceous perennial plant in the family Asphodelaceae.
Description
Hemerocallis citrina can reach a height of . It has bright green, linear arching leaves about 40 cm long. Flowers are lemon yellow, trumpet-shaped, showy and v... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porta-Color | General Electric's Porta-Color was the first "portable" color television introduced in the United States in 1966.
The Porta-Color set introduced a new variation of the shadow mask display tube. It had the electron guns arranged in an in-line configuration, rather than RCA's delta arrangement. The main benefit of the i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating%20leverage | Operating leverage is a measure of how revenue growth translates into growth in operating income. It is a measure of leverage, and of how risky, or volatile, a company's operating income is.
Definition
There are various measures of operating leverage,
which can be interpreted analogously to financial leverage.
Costs... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauchy%20matrix | In mathematics, a Cauchy matrix, named after Augustin-Louis Cauchy, is an m×n matrix with elements aij in the form
where and are elements of a field , and and are injective sequences (they contain distinct elements).
The Hilbert matrix is a special case of the Cauchy matrix, where
Every submatrix of a Cauchy mat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rao%E2%80%93Blackwell%20theorem | In statistics, the Rao–Blackwell theorem, sometimes referred to as the Rao–Blackwell–Kolmogorov theorem, is a result which characterizes the transformation of an arbitrarily crude estimator into an estimator that is optimal by the mean-squared-error criterion or any of a variety of similar criteria.
The Rao–Blackwell ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mischococcus | Mischococcus is a genus of algae belonging to the family Mischococcaceae.
The species of this genus are found in Europe.
Species:
Mischococcus confervicola Nägeli |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mode%20%28statistics%29 | In statistics, the mode is the value that appears most often in a set of data values. If is a discrete random variable, the mode is the value at which the probability mass function takes its maximum value (i.e, ). In other words, it is the value that is most likely to be sampled.
Like the statistical mean and median... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linus%27s%20law | In software development, Linus's law is the assertion that "given enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow".
The law was formulated by Eric S. Raymond in his essay and book The Cathedral and the Bazaar (1999), and was named in honor of Linus Torvalds.
A more formal statement is: "Given a large enough beta-tester and co-d... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Indian%20state%20trees | India, officially the Republic of India is a country in South Asia. It is made up of 28 states and 8 union territories. All Indian states have their own government and the Union territories come under the jurisdiction of the Central Government. As most of the other countries India too has a national emblem—the Lion Cap... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syphilidologie | Syphilidologie was a medical journal first created in 1838 in Leipzig by Friedrich Jacob Behrend.
Notes |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association%20for%20Behavior%20Analysis%20International | The Association for Behavior Analysis International (ABAI) is a nonprofit organization dedicated to promoting behavior analysis. The organization has over 9,000 members. The group organizes conferences and publishes journals on the topic of applied behavior analysis (ABA). ABAI has issued detailed, specific position pa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evo%20%28board%20game%29 | Evo: The Last Gasp of the Dinosaurs is a German-style board game for three to five players, designed by Philippe Keyaerts and published by Eurogames. The game won the GAMES Magazine award for Game of the year 2002. It was nominated for the Origins Award for Best Graphic Presentation of a Board Game 2000. In 2004 it wa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple%20and%20Fast%20Multimedia%20Library | Simple and Fast Multimedia Library (SFML) is a cross-platform software development library designed to provide a simple application programming interface (API) to various multimedia components in computers. It is written in C++ with bindings available for Ada, C, Crystal, D, Euphoria, Go, Java, Julia, .NET, Nim, OCaml... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytoplasmic%20incompatibility | Cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) is a mating incompatibility reported in many arthropod species that is caused by intracellular parasites such as Wolbachia. These bacteria reside in the cytoplasm of the host cells (hence the name cytoplasmic incompatibility) and modify their hosts' sperm in a way that leads to embryo d... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary%20CT%20angiography | Coronary CT angiography (CTA or CCTA) is the use of computed tomography (CT) angiography to assess the coronary arteries of the heart. The patient receives an intravenous injection of radiocontrast and then the heart is scanned using a high speed CT scanner, allowing physicians to assess the extent of occlusion in the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AOS/VS%20II | AOS/VS II is a discontinued operating system for the Data General 32-bit MV/Eclipse computers.
Overview
The AOS/VS II operating system was released in 1988 and was originally to be simply rev 8.00 of the AOS/VS operating system. However, it introduced a new file system which was not compatible with the original AOS an... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picloram | Picloram is a systemic herbicide used for general woody plant control. It also controls a wide range of broad-leaved weeds, but most grasses are resistant. A chlorinated derivative of picolinic acid, picloram is in the pyridine family of herbicides.
Picloram can be sprayed on foliage, injected into plants, applied to... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentachloronitrobenzene | Pentachloronitrobenzene, typically abbreviated PCNB, is a registered fungicide formally derived from nitrobenzene. It is either an off-white or yellow solid, depending on its purity, with a musty odor.
Preparation
PCNB was originally synthesized in the laboratory in 1868. It was introduced to the agricultural world in... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernery | A fernery is a specialized garden for the cultivation and display of ferns.
In many countries, ferneries are indoors or at least sheltered or kept in a shadehouse to provide a moist environment, filtered light and protection from frost and other extremes; on the other hand, some ferns native to arid regions require pr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioterrorism | Bioterrorism is terrorism involving the intentional release or dissemination of biological agents. These agents include bacteria, viruses, insects, fungi, and/or toxins, and may be in a naturally occurring or a human-modified form, in much the same way as in biological warfare. Further, modern agribusiness is vulnerabl... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubins%20path | In geometry, the term Dubins path typically refers to the shortest curve that connects two points in the two-dimensional Euclidean plane (i.e. x-y plane) with a constraint on the curvature of the path and with prescribed initial and terminal tangents to the path, and an assumption that the vehicle traveling the path ca... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RR%20Lyrae%20variable | RR Lyrae variables are periodic variable stars, commonly found in globular clusters. They are used as standard candles to measure (extra) galactic distances, assisting with the cosmic distance ladder. This class is named after the prototype and brightest example, RR Lyrae.
They are pulsating horizontal branch stars o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20integrals%20of%20exponential%20functions | The following is a list of integrals of exponential functions. For a complete list of integral functions, please see the list of integrals.
Indefinite integral
Indefinite integrals are antiderivative functions. A constant (the constant of integration) may be added to the right hand side of any of these formulas, but... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Card%20catalog%20%28cryptology%29 | The card catalog, or "catalog of characteristics," in cryptography, was a system designed by Polish Cipher Bureau mathematician-cryptologist Marian Rejewski, and first completed about 1935 or 1936, to facilitate decrypting German Enigma ciphers.
History
The Polish Cipher Bureau used the theory of permutations to start... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barakat%20syndrome | Barakat syndrome is a rare disease characterized by hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness and renal disease, and hence also known as HDR syndrome. It was first described by Amin J. Barakat et al. in 1977.
Presentation
It is a genetic developmental disorder with clinical diversity characterized by hypoparathyroidi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantinuum | Quantinuum is a quantum computing company formed by the merger of Cambridge Quantum and Honeywell Quantum Solutions. The company's H-Series trapped ion quantum computers set the highest quantum volume to date of 524,288. This architecture supports all-to-all qubit connectivity - allowing entangled states to be created ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Lowell%20Putnam%20Mathematical%20Competition | The William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition, often abbreviated to Putnam Competition, is an annual mathematics competition for undergraduate college students enrolled at institutions of higher learning in the United States and Canada (regardless of the students' nationalities). It awards a scholarship and cash p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20U.S.%20state%20and%20territory%20nicknames | The following is a table of U.S. state, federal district and territory nicknames, including officially adopted nicknames and other traditional nicknames for the 50 U.S. states, the U.S. federal district, as well as five U.S. territories.
State, federal district, and territory nicknames
Official state, federal district... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Institute%20of%20Hygiene%20and%20Epidemiology | The National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology (NIHE) is located in Hanoi, Vietnam.
History
In 2012, the NIHE provided the H5N1 bird flu virus to researchers who transformed it and used the product to infect ferrets.
On 22 March 2017, the Japan International Cooperation Agency signed an agreement with the governm... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tablet%20computer | A tablet computer, commonly shortened to tablet, is a mobile device, typically with a mobile operating system and touchscreen display processing circuitry, and a rechargeable battery in a single, thin and flat package. Tablets, being computers, have similar capabilities, but lack some input/output (I/O) abilities that ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated%20receiver/decoder | An integrated receiver/decoder (IRD) is an electronic device used to pick up a radio-frequency signal and convert digital information transmitted in it.
Consumer IRDs
Consumer IRDs, commonly called set-top boxes, are used by end users and are much cheaper compared to professional IRDs. To curb content piracy, they al... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perturbation%20%28astronomy%29 | In astronomy, perturbation is the complex motion of a massive body subjected to forces other than the gravitational attraction of a single other massive body. The other forces can include a third (fourth, fifth, etc.) body, resistance, as from an atmosphere, and the off-center attraction of an oblate or otherwise missh... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ditto%20mark | The ditto mark is a shorthand sign, used mostly in hand-written text, indicating that the words or figures above it are to be repeated.
The mark is made using "a pair of apostrophes"; "a pair of marks used underneath a word"; the symbol (quotation mark); or the symbol (right double quotation mark).
In the followi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-selective%20cation%20channel-2%20family | Members of the Non-Selective Cation Channel-2 (NSCC2) Family (TC#1.A.15) have been sequenced from various yeast, fungal and animals species including Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Drosophila melanogaster and Homo sapiens. These proteins are the Sec62 proteins, believed to be associated with the Sec61 and Sec63 constituents... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideally%20hard%20superconductor | An ideally hard superconductor is a type II superconductor material with an infinite pinning force. In the external magnetic field it behaves like an ideal diamagnet if the field is switched on when the material is in the superconducting state, so-called "zero field cooled" (ZFC) regime. In the field cooled (FC) regime... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genomic%20library | A genomic library is a collection of overlapping DNA fragments that together make up the total genomic DNA of a single organism. The DNA is stored in a population of identical vectors, each containing a different insert of DNA. In order to construct a genomic library, the organism's DNA is extracted from cells and then... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma%20correction | Gamma correction or gamma is a nonlinear operation used to encode and decode luminance or tristimulus values in video or still image systems. Gamma correction is, in the simplest cases, defined by the following power-law expression:
where the non-negative real input value is raised to the power and multiplied by th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CA8 | Carbonic anhydrase-related protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CA8 gene. The CA8 protein lacks the catalytic activity of other carbonic anhydrase enzymes. A rare, autosomal recessive form of cerebellar ataxia known as "cerebellar ataxia, mental retardation, and dysequilibrium syndrome 3" (CAMRQ3) is c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9vy%27s%20continuity%20theorem | In probability theory, Lévy’s continuity theorem, or Lévy's convergence theorem, named after the French mathematician Paul Lévy, connects convergence in distribution of the sequence of random variables with pointwise convergence of their characteristic functions.
This theorem is the basis for one approach to prove the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zyklon%20B | Zyklon B (; translated Cyclone B) was the trade name of a cyanide-based pesticide invented in Germany in the early 1920s. It consists of hydrogen cyanide (prussic acid), as well as a cautionary eye irritant and one of several adsorbents such as diatomaceous earth. The product is notorious for its use by Nazi Germany du... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenMake%20Software | OpenMake Software formerly Catalyst System is a privately held, DevOps company.
OpenMake Software has offices in North America and Europe.
History
Openmake Software was founded as Catalyst Systems in 1995 by Tracy Ragan and Steven Taylor.
OpenMake Software entered into an OEM agreement with CA Technology in 1997 add... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical%20computing | Optical computing or photonic computing uses light waves produced by lasers or incoherent sources for data processing, data storage or data communication for computing. For decades, photons have shown promise to enable a higher bandwidth than the electrons used in conventional computers (see optical fibers).
Most rese... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernoulli%20umbra | In Umbral calculus, the Bernoulli umbra is an umbra, a formal symbol, defined by the relation , where is the index-lowering operator, also known as evaluation operator and are Bernoulli numbers, called moments of the umbra. A similar umbra, defined as , where is also often used and sometimes called Bernoulli umbra... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandrasekhar%27s%20white%20dwarf%20equation | In astrophysics, Chandrasekhar's white dwarf equation is an initial value ordinary differential equation introduced by the Indian American astrophysicist Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, in his study of the gravitational potential of completely degenerate white dwarf stars. The equation reads as
with initial conditions
wh... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sherardian%20Professor%20of%20Botany | The Sherardian Chair of Botany is a professorship at the University of Oxford that was established in 1734. It was created following an endowment by William Sherard on his death in 1728. In his will, Sherard stipulated that the first holder of the chair was to be Johann Jacob Dillenius. The Sherardian Professor is also... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorola%2068000%20Educational%20Computer%20Board | The Motorola 68000 Educational Computer Board (MEX68KECB) was a development board for the Motorola 68000 microprocessor, introduced by Motorola in 1981. It featured the 68K CPU, memory, I/O devices and built-in educational and training software.
Hardware
CPU: 4-MHz Motorola 68000
RAM: 32KB
ROM: 16KB
9600 baud ser... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NATO%20Joint%20Military%20Symbology | NATO Joint Military Symbology is the NATO standard for military map symbols. Originally published in 1986 as Allied Procedural Publication 6 (APP-6), NATO Military Symbols for Land Based Systems, the standard has evolved over the years and is currently in its fifth version (APP-6D). The symbols are designed to enhance ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CiteSeerX | {{DISPLAYTITLE:CiteSeerX}}
CiteSeerX (formerly called CiteSeer) is a public search engine and digital library for scientific and academic papers, primarily in the fields of computer and information science.
CiteSeer's goal is to improve the dissemination and access of academic and scientific literature. As a non-prof... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstruction%20filter | In a mixed-signal system (analog and digital), a reconstruction filter, sometimes called an anti-imaging filter, is used to construct a smooth analog signal from a digital input, as in the case of a digital to analog converter (DAC) or other sampled data output device.
Sampled data reconstruction filters
The sampling ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information%20diving | Information diving is the practice of recovering technical data, sometimes confidential or secret, from discarded material. In recent times, this has chiefly been from data storage elements in discarded computers, most notably recoverable data remaining on hard drives. Those in charge of discarding computers usually ne... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wonderful%20bird-of-paradise | The wonderful bird-of-paradise, also known as Reichenow's riflebird, is a bird in the family Paradisaeidae that is an intergeneric hybrid between a twelve-wired bird-of-paradise and lesser bird-of-paradise.
History
Five adult male specimens are known of this hybrid, held in the American Museum of Natural History and t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food%2C%20Tobacco%2C%20Agricultural%2C%20and%20Allied%20Workers | The United Cannery, Agricultural, Packing, and Allied Workers of America union (UCAPAWA) changed its name to Food, Tobacco, Agricultural, and Allied Workers (FTA) in 1944.
History
The FTA sought to further organize cannery units and realized the best way to do this would be through organizing women and immigrant worke... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary%20Ordered%20Compression%20for%20Unicode | Binary Ordered Compression for Unicode (BOCU) is a MIME compatible Unicode compression scheme. BOCU-1 combines the wide applicability of UTF-8 with the compactness of Standard Compression Scheme for Unicode (SCSU). This Unicode encoding is designed to be useful for compressing short strings, and maintains code point or... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DONE | The Data-based Online Nonlinear Extremumseeker (DONE) algorithm is a black-box optimization algorithm.
DONE models the unknown cost function and attempts to find an optimum of the underlying function.
The DONE algorithm is suitable for optimizing costly and noisy functions and does not require derivatives.
An advantage... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peginterferon%20alfa-2a | Pegylated interferon alfa-2a, sold under the brand name Pegasys among others, is medication used to treat hepatitis C and hepatitis B. For hepatitis C it is typically used together with ribavirin and cure rates are between 24 and 92%. For hepatitis B it may be used alone. It is given by injection under the skin.
Side ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanenbaum%E2%80%93Torvalds%20debate | The Tanenbaum–Torvalds debate was a written debate between Andrew S. Tanenbaum and Linus Torvalds, regarding the Linux kernel and kernel architecture in general. Tanenbaum, the creator of Minix, began the debate in 1992 on the Usenet discussion group , arguing that microkernels are superior to monolithic kernels and th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marinobufagenin | Marinobufagenin (marinobufagin) is a cardiotonic bufadienolide steroid. It can be found in the plasma and urine of human subjects with myocardial infarction, kidney failure, and heart failure. It is also secreted by the toad Bufo rubescens and other related species such as Bufo marinus. It is a vasoconstrictor with eff... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C.mmp | The C.mmp was an early multiple instruction, multiple data (MIMD) multiprocessor system developed at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) by William Wulf (1971). The notation C.mmp came from the PMS notation of Gordon Bell and Allen Newell, where a central processing unit (CPU) was designated as C, a variant was noted by t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigma-pi%20and%20equivalent-orbital%20models | The σ-π model and equivalent-orbital model refer to two possible representations of molecules in valence bond theory. The σ-π model differentiates bonds and lone pairs of σ symmetry from those of π symmetry, while the equivalent-orbital model hybridizes them. The σ-π treatment takes into account molecular symmetry and ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granular%20configuration%20automation | Granular configuration automation (GCA) is a specialized area in the field of configuration management which focuses on visibility and control of an IT environment's configuration and bill-of-material at the most granular level. This framework focuses on improving the stability of IT environments by analyzing granular ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Receive-after-transmit%20time%20delay | In telecommunication, receive-after-transmit time delay is the time interval between (a) the instant of keying off the local transmitter to stop transmitting and (b) the instant the local receiver output has increased to 90% of its steady-state value in response to an RF (radio-frequency) signal from another transmitte... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20web%20browsers | The following is a list of web browsers that are notable.
Historical
Layout engines
Gecko is developed by the Mozilla Foundation.
Goanna is a fork of Gecko developed by Moonchild Productions.
Servo is an experimental web browser layout engine being developed cooperatively by Mozilla and Samsung. In 2020 the engi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code%3A%3ABlocks | Code::Blocks is a free, open-source cross-platform IDE that supports multiple compilers including GCC, Clang and Visual C++. It is developed in C++ using wxWidgets as the GUI toolkit. Using a plugin architecture, its capabilities and features are defined by the provided plugins.
Currently, Code::Blocks is oriented towa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyramidobacter | Pyramidobacter is a gram-negative genus of bacteria from the family of Synergistaceae. Pyramidobacter piscolens has been isolated from the human mouth.
See also
List of bacterial orders
List of bacteria genera |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract%20nonsense | In mathematics, abstract nonsense, general abstract nonsense, generalized abstract nonsense, and general nonsense are nonderogatory terms used by mathematicians to describe long, theoretical parts of a proof they skip over when readers are expected to be familiar with them. These terms are mainly used for abstract meth... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quillen%27s%20theorems%20A%20and%20B | In topology, a branch of mathematics, Quillen's Theorem A gives a sufficient condition for the classifying spaces of two categories to be homotopy equivalent. Quillen's Theorem B gives a sufficient condition for a square consisting of classifying spaces of categories to be homotopy Cartesian. The two theorems play cent... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long%20intergenic%20non-protein%20coding%20rna%20598 | Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 598 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LINC00598 gene. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/91st%20meridian%20east | The meridian 91° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Asia, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.
The 91st meridian east forms a great circle with the 89th meridian west.
From Pole to Pole
Starting at the North Pole and he... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piezophototronics | Piezo-phototronic effect is a three-way coupling effect of piezoelectric, semiconductor and photonic properties in non-central symmetric semiconductor materials, using the piezoelectric potential (piezopotential) that is generated by applying a strain to a semiconductor with piezoelectricity to control the carrier gene... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solvay%20Conference | The Solvay Conferences () have been devoted to preeminent unsolved problems in both physics and chemistry. They began with the historic invitation-only 1911 Solvay Conference on Physics, considered a turning point in the world of physics, and are ongoing.
Since the success of 1911, they have been organised by the Inte... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levi-Civita%20symbol | In mathematics, particularly in linear algebra, tensor analysis, and differential geometry, the Levi-Civita symbol or Levi-Civita epsilon represents a collection of numbers; defined from the sign of a permutation of the natural numbers , for some positive integer . It is named after the Italian mathematician and physic... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rib%20cage | The rib cage is an endoskeletal enclosure in the thorax of most vertebrate animals that comprises the ribs, vertebral column and sternum, which protects vital organs such as the heart, lungs and great vessels. The circumferential enclosure formed by left and right rib cages, together known as the thoracic cage, is a se... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unimodal%20thresholding | Unimodal thresholding is an algorithm for automatic image threshold selection in image processing. Most threshold selection algorithms assume that the intensity histogram is multi-modal; typically bimodal. However, some types of images are essentially unimodal since a much larger proportion of just one class of pixels ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plane%20mirror | A plane mirror is a mirror with a flat (planar) reflective surface. For light rays striking a plane mirror, the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence. The angle of the incidence is the angle between the incident ray and the surface normal (an imaginary line perpendicular to the surface). Therefore, the angl... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis%27%20law | For the statement about feminism of the same name, see Helen Lewis.
Lewis' law gives a relationship between the size and the shape of epithelial cells. It states that the average apical area of an epithelial cell is linearly related to its neighbor number . It is a phenomenological law that was first described in the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9n%C3%A1rt%20sphere | A Lénárt sphere is a educational manipulative and writing surface for exploring spherical geometry, invented by Hungarian István Lénárt as a modern replacement for a spherical blackboard. It can be used for visualizing the geometry of points, great and small circles, triangles, polygons, conics, and other objects on a ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerische%20Mathematik | Numerische Mathematik is a peer-reviewed mathematics journal on numerical analysis. It was established in 1959 and is published by Springer Science+Business Media. The journal is indexed by Mathematical Reviews and Zentralblatt MATH. Its 2009 MCQ was 1.06, and its 2020 impact factor was 2.223. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz%E2%80%93Keldysh%20effect | The Franz–Keldysh effect is a change in optical absorption by a semiconductor when an electric field is applied. The effect is named after the German physicist Walter Franz and Russian physicist Leonid Keldysh.
Karl W. Böer observed first the shift of the optical absorption edge with electric fields during the disco... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UPILEX | Upilex is a heat-resistant polyimide film that is the product of the polycondensation reaction between biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA) monomers and a diamine. Its properties include dimensional stability, low water absorption, high chemical resistance and high mechanical properties (up to 550 MPa depending... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QDriverStation | The QDriverStation is a free and open-source robotics software for the FIRST Robotics Competition.
The project was started in September 2015 by Alex Spataru (Team 3794), with the objective to provide a stable, free, extensible and friendly to use alternative to the FRC Driver Station. Since then, several FRC students,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asymmetric%20induction | Asymmetric induction (also enantioinduction) describes the preferential formation in a chemical reaction of one enantiomer or diastereoisomer over the other as a result of the influence of a chiral feature present in the substrate, reagent, catalyst or environment. Asymmetric induction is a key element in asymmetric s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchester%20Hydraulic%20Power | Manchester's Hydraulic Power system was a public hydraulic power network supplying energy across the city of Manchester via a system of high-pressure water pipes from three pumping stations from 1894 until 1972. The system, which provided a cleaner and more compact alternative to steam engines, was used to power works... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIP%20provider | A SIP provider (Session Initiation Protocol) is any telecommunications company which provides SIP trunking to customers, usually businesses. Many companies provide SIP "termination" (outbound calling) and "origination" (inbound calling, usually with a plain old telephone service (POTS) phone number, called a direct in... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear%20temporal%20logic%20to%20B%C3%BCchi%20automaton | In formal verification,
finite state model checking needs to find a Büchi automaton (BA) equivalent to a given linear temporal logic (LTL) formula, i.e., such that the LTL formula and the BA recognize the same ω-language. There are algorithms that translate an LTL formula to a BA. This transformation is normally done i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spartacus%20Educational | Spartacus Educational is a free online encyclopedia with essays and other educational material on a wide variety of historical subjects principally British history from 1700 and the history of the United States.
Based in the United Kingdom, Spartacus Educational was established as a book publisher in 1984 by former hi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zakharov%20system | In mathematics, the Zakharov system is a system of non-linear partial differential equations, introduced by Vladimir Zakharov in 1972 to describe the propagation of Langmuir waves in an ionized plasma. The system consists of a complex field u and a real field n satisfying the equations
where is the d'Alembert operato... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luzin%20space | In mathematics, a Luzin space (or Lusin space), named for N. N. Luzin, is an uncountable topological T1 space without isolated points in which every nowhere-dense subset is countable. There are many minor variations of this definition in use: the T1 condition can be replaced by T2 or T3, and some authors allow a counta... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metric%20interval%20temporal%20logic | In model checking, the Metric Interval Temporal Logic (MITL) is a fragment of Metric Temporal Logic (MTL). This fragment is often preferred to MTL because some problems that are undecidable for MTL become decidable for MITL.
Definition
A MITL formula is an MTL formula, such that each set of reals used in subscript ar... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NetWare%20File%20System | In computing, a NetWare File System (NWFS) is a file system based on a heavily modified version of FAT. It was used in the Novell NetWare operating system. It is the default and only file system for all volumes in versions 2.x through 4.x, and the default and only file system for the SYS volume continuing through versi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph%20W.%20Gerard | Ralph Waldo Gerard (7 October 1900 – 17 February 1974) was an American neurophysiologist and behavioral scientist known for his wide-ranging work on the nervous system, nerve metabolism, psychopharmacology, and biological basis of schizophrenia.
Biography
Gerard was born in Harvey, Illinois. He was a grandson of Rabbi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FGI-103 | FGI-103 is an antiviral drug developed as a potential treatment for the filoviruses Ebola virus and Marburg virus. In tests on mice FGI-103 was effective against both Ebola and Marburg viruses when administered up to 48 hours after infection. The mechanism of action of FGI-103 has however not yet been established, as i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raymond%20Andrew | Edward Raymond Andrew FRS FRSE (27 June 1921 – 27 May 2001) was a 20th-century British scientist who was a pioneer of nuclear magnetic resonance. He was a primary figure in the development and creation of the world's first MRI scanner.
Life
He was born in Boston, Lincolnshire on 27 June 1921 the only child of English ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern%20Quantum%20Mechanics | Modern Quantum Mechanics, often called Sakurai or Sakurai and Napolitano, is a standard graduate-level quantum mechanics textbook written originally by J. J. Sakurai and edited by San Fu Tuan in 1985, with later editions coauthored by Jim Napolitano. Sakurai died in 1982 before he could finish the textbook and both the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant%20calmodulin-binding%20domain | In molecular biology, the plant calmodulin-binding domain is a protein domain found repeated in a number of plant calmodulin-binding proteins. These domains are thought to constitute the calmodulin-binding domains of these proteins. Binding of the proteins to calmodulin depends on the presence of calcium ions. These pr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard%20Wainer | Howard Charles Wainer (born October 26, 1943) is an American statistician, past principal research scientist at the Educational Testing Service, adjunct professor of statistics at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, and author, known for his contributions in the fields of statistics, psychometrics, a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betapapillomavirus | Betapapillomavirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Papillomaviridae. Human serve as natural hosts. There are six species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include warts, papilloma, and malignant tumours.
Taxonomy
The following six species are assigned to the genus:
Betapapillomavirus 1
Betapapi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute%20of%20Nuclear%20Materials%20Management | The Institute of Nuclear Materials Management (INMM) is an international technical and professional organization that works to promote safe handling of nuclear material and the safe practice of nuclear materials management through publications, as well as organized presentations and meetings.
The INMM's headquarters ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior%20modification | Behavior modification is a treatment approach that uses respondent and operant conditioning to change behavior. Based on methodological behaviorism, overt behavior is modified with consequences, including positive and negative reinforcement contingencies to increase desirable behavior, or administering positive and neg... |
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