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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedes | Archimedes of Syracuse (, ; ) was an Ancient Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, astronomer, and inventor from the ancient city of Syracuse in Sicily. Although few details of his life are known, he is regarded as one of the leading scientists in classical antiquity. Considered the greatest mathematician of ancien... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20unsolved%20problems%20in%20astronomy | This article is a list of notable unsolved problems in astronomy. Some of these problems are theoretical, meaning that existing theories may be incapable of explaining certain observed phenomena or experimental results. Others are experimental, meaning that experiments necessary to test proposed theory or investigate a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precision%20Lightweight%20GPS%20Receiver | The AN/PSN-11 Precision Lightweight GPS Receiver (PLGR, colloquially "plugger") is a ruggedized, hand-held, single-frequency GPS receiver fielded by the United States Armed Forces. It incorporates the Precise Positioning Service — Security Module (PPS-SM) to access the encrypted P(Y)-code GPS signal.
Introduced in Jan... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy-preserving%20computational%20geometry | Privacy-preserving computational geometry is the research area on the intersection of the domains of secure multi-party computation (SMC) and computational geometry. Classical problems of computational geometry reconsidered from the point of view of SMC include shape intersection, private point inclusion problem, range... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superconvergence | In numerical analysis, a superconvergent or supraconvergent method is one which converges faster than generally expected (superconvergence or supraconvergence). For example, in the Finite Element Method approximation to Poisson's equation in two dimensions, using piecewise linear elements, the average error in the grad... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Descriptive%20notation | Descriptive notation is a chess notation system based on abbreviated natural language. Its distinctive features are that it refers to files by the piece that occupies the back rank square in the starting position and that it describes each square two ways depending on whether it is from White or Black's point of view. ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ol%20Onal | The Ol Onal is an alphabetic writing system for the Bhumij language. Ol Onal script was created between 1981 and 1992 by Ol Guru Mahendra Nath Sardar. Ol Onal script is used to write the Bhumij language in some parts of West Bengal, Jharkhand, Orissa, and Assam.
History
The Ol Onal script was created in between 1981 ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beck%E2%80%93Fiala%20theorem | In mathematics, the Beck–Fiala theorem is a major theorem in discrepancy theory due to József Beck and Tibor Fiala. Discrepancy is concerned with coloring elements of a ground set such that each set in a certain set system is as balanced as possible, i.e., has approximately the same number of elements of each color. Th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological%20yield | Ecological yield is the harvestable population growth of an ecosystem. It is most commonly measured in forestry: sustainable forestry is defined as that which does not harvest more wood in a year than has grown in that year, within a given patch of forest.
However, the concept is also applicable to water, soil, and a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cymodocea%20nodosa | Cymodocea nodosa is a species of seagrass in the family Cymodoceaceae and is sometimes known as little Neptune grass. As a seagrass, it is restricted to growing underwater and is found in shallow parts of the Mediterranean Sea and certain adjoining areas of the Atlantic Ocean.
Description
C. nodosa has light green or... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal%20hydraulics | Thermal hydraulics (also called thermohydraulics) is the study of hydraulic flow in thermal fluids. The area can be mainly divided into three parts: thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer, but they are often closely linked to each other. A common example is steam generation in power plants and the associate... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random%20regular%20graph | A random r-regular graph is a graph selected from , which denotes the probability space of all r-regular graphs on vertices, where and is even. It is therefore a particular kind of random graph, but the regularity restriction significantly alters the properties that will hold, since most graphs are not regular.
Pr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendronized%20polymer | Dendronized polymers (or dendronised polymers) are linear polymers to every repeat unit of which dendrons are attached. Dendrons are regularly branched, tree-like fragments and for larger ones the polymer backbone is wrapped to give sausage-like, cylindrical molecular objects. Figure 1 shows a cartoon representation wi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EbXML | Electronic Business using eXtensible Markup Language, commonly known as e-business XML, or ebXML (pronounced ee-bee-ex-em-el, [i'bi,eks,em'el]) as it is typically referred to, is a family of XML based standards sponsored by OASIS and UN/CEFACT whose mission is to provide an open, XML-based infrastructure that enables t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vampire%20Killer | Vampire Killer, known in Japan as is a platform video game developed and published by Konami for the MSX2 in 1986. It is a parallel version of the original Castlevania, which debuted a month earlier for the Famicom Disk System under the same Japanese title. However, the MSX2 version was localized first in Europe and w... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molakolukulu | Sanna, laavu Molakolukulu (molagolukulu) is a variety of rice cultivated in Andhra Pradesh in India. This variety is often called nellore molakolukulu perhaps due to its origin in the Nellore region of Andhra Pradesh. It has been a popular variety in Nellore, and has been formally developed into better varieties since ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modal%20companion | In logic, a modal companion of a superintuitionistic (intermediate) logic L is a normal modal logic that interprets L by a certain canonical translation, described below. Modal companions share various properties of the original intermediate logic, which enables to study intermediate logics using tools developed for mo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A9-automaton | In automata theory, a branch of theoretical computer science, an ω-automaton (or stream automaton) is a variation of finite automata that runs on infinite, rather than finite, strings as input. Since ω-automata do not stop, they have a variety of acceptance conditions rather than simply a set of accepting states.
ω-au... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positive%20and%20negative%20parts | In mathematics, the positive part of a real or extended real-valued function is defined by the formula
Intuitively, the graph of is obtained by taking the graph of , chopping off the part under the x-axis, and letting take the value zero there.
Similarly, the negative part of f is defined as
Note that both f+ and... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut%20d%27Astrophysique%20de%20Paris | The Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (translated: Paris Institute of Astrophysics) is a research institute in Paris, France. The Institute is part of the Sorbonne University and is associated with the CNRS Centre national de la recherche scientifique. It is located at 98bis, Boulevard Arago Il in the 14th arrondisseme... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manz | Manz AG (formerly Manz Automation) is a German multinational engineering company active in the fields of automation, laser processesing, metrology, wet chemistry and roll-to-roll processing. Manz AG bundles its activities into two reporting segments: Mobility & Battery Solutions and Industry Solutions. The focus in the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read-once%20function | In mathematics, a read-once function is a special type of Boolean function that can be described by a Boolean expression in which each variable appears only once.
More precisely, the expression is required to use only the operations of logical conjunction, logical disjunction, and negation. By applying De Morgan's law... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipole%20field%20strength%20in%20free%20space | Dipole field strength in free space, in telecommunications, is the electric field strength caused by a half wave dipole under ideal conditions. The actual field strength in terrestrial environments is calculated by empirical formulas based on this field strength.
Power density
Let N be the effective power radiated f... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation%20of%20concerns | In computer science, separation of concerns is a design principle for separating a computer program into distinct sections. Each section addresses a separate concern, a set of information that affects the code of a computer program. A concern can be as general as "the details of the hardware for an application", or as ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civilization%27s%20Waiting%20Room | Sivilisasjonens venterom (Norwegian for "Civilization's Waiting Room") was a research larp (live-action roleplaying game) held in Bergen in November 2021. It was designed to explore the potential of larps as a research methodology and as research dissemination, and was specifically intended to investigate ethical quest... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Lissack | Michael Lissack (born 1958) is an American business executive, author, business consultant and former director of the Institute for the Study of Coherence and Emergence. In 2019 Lissack was inducted into the International Academy for Systems and Cybernetic Sciences.
Lissack was managing director in the municipal bond ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypoallergenic | Hypoallergenic, meaning "below average" or "slightly" allergenic, is a term meaning that something (usually cosmetics, pets, textiles, food, etc.) causes fewer allergic reactions. The term was first used in 1953 in an advertising campaign for cosmetics or perhaps as early as 1940. A 2017 study of the top-selling skin m... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permissible%20stress%20design | Permissible stress design is a design philosophy used by mechanical engineers and civil engineers.
The civil designer ensures that the stresses developed in a structure due to service loads do not exceed the elastic limit. This limit is usually determined by ensuring that stresses remain within the limits through the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring%20system | In engineering and physics, a spring system or spring network is a model of physics described as a graph with a position at each vertex and a spring of given stiffness and length along each edge. This generalizes Hooke's law to higher dimensions. This simple model can be used to solve the pose of static systems from cr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics%20education%20in%20the%20United%20Kingdom | Mathematics education in the United Kingdom is largely carried out at ages 5–16 at primary school and secondary school (basic numeracy is taught at an earlier age in the Early Years).
Voluntary mathematics education in the UK takes place from 16 to 18, in sixth forms and other forms of further education. Whilst adults... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overturning%20in%20the%20Subpolar%20North%20Atlantic%20Program | The Overturning in the Subpolar North Atlantic Program (OSNAP) is an international project designed to study the mechanistic link between water mass transformation at high latitudes and the meridional overturning circulation in the North Atlantic (AMOC) on interannual time scales. Though this linkage is evident in cli... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matryoshka%20doll | Matryoshka dolls ( ; ), also known as stacking dolls, nesting dolls, Russian tea dolls, or Russian dolls, are a set of wooden dolls of decreasing size placed one inside another. The name matryoshka, mainly known as "little matron", is a diminutive form of Matryosha (), in turn a diminutive of the Russian female first n... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superperfect%20number | In number theory, a superperfect number is a positive integer that satisfies
where is the divisor summatory function. Superperfect numbers are not a generalization of perfect numbers, but have a common generalization. The term was coined by D. Suryanarayana (1969).
The first few superperfect numbers are :
2, 4, 1... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabric%20OS | In storage area networking, Fabric OS is the firmware for Brocade Communications Systems's Fibre Channel switches and Fibre Channel directors. It is also known as FOS.
First generation
The first generation of Fabric OS was developed on top of a VxWorks kernel and was mainly used in the Brocade Silkworm 2000 and first ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary%20Elizabeth%20Hickox%20Mandels | Mary Elizabeth Hickox Mandels (September 12, 1917 – February 17, 2008) was an American scientist. Mandels was an early advocate for converting waste biomass to fuels and chemicals. She worked for forty years at the head of the US Army's national bioconversion studies.
Early life
Mary Elizabeth Hickox was born to Sherm... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoo%20blot | A zoo blot or garden blot is a type of Southern blot that demonstrates the similarity between specific, usually protein-coding, DNA sequences of different species. A zoo blot compares animal species while a garden blot compares plant species. The purpose of the zoo blot is to detect the conservation of the gene(s) of i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leccinum%20aurantiacum | Leccinum aurantiacum is a species of fungus in the genus Leccinum found in forests of Eurasia and North America. It has a large, characteristically red-capped fruiting body. In North America, it is sometimes referred to by the common name red-capped scaber stalk. Some uncertainties exist regarding the taxonomic classif... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuratowski%27s%20free%20set%20theorem | Kuratowski's free set theorem, named after Kazimierz Kuratowski, is a result of set theory, an area of mathematics. It is a result which has been largely forgotten for almost 50 years, but has been applied recently in solving several lattice theory problems, such as the congruence lattice problem.
Denote by the set o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stringed%20instrument%20tunings | This is a chart of stringed instrument tunings. Instruments are listed alphabetically by their most commonly known name.
Terminology
A course may consist of one or more strings.
Courses are listed reading from left to right facing the front of the instrument, with the instrument standing vertically. On a majority ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreatic%20bud | The ventral and dorsal pancreatic buds (or pancreatic diverticula) are outgrowths of the duodenum during human embryogenesis. They join to form the adult pancreas.
The proximal portion of the dorsal pancreatic bud gives rise to the accessory pancreatic duct, while the distal portion of the dorsal pancreatic bud and ve... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desuspension | In topology, a field within mathematics, desuspension is an operation inverse to suspension.
Definition
In general, given an n-dimensional space , the suspension has dimension n + 1. Thus, the operation of suspension creates a way of moving up in dimension. In the 1950s, to define a way of moving down, mathematicians... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binomial%20sum%20variance%20inequality | The binomial sum variance inequality states that the variance of the sum of binomially distributed random variables will always be less than or equal to the variance of a binomial variable with the same n and p parameters. In probability theory and statistics, the sum of independent binomial random variables is itself ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subscapularis%20muscle | The subscapularis is a large triangular muscle which fills the subscapular fossa and inserts into the lesser tubercle of the humerus and the front of the capsule of the shoulder-joint.
Structure
The subscapularis is covered by a dense fascia which attaches to the scapula at the margins of the subscapularis' attachment... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrenocine | Pyrenocines are antibiotic mycotoxins.
Chemical structures |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language%20Integrated%20Query | Language Integrated Query (LINQ, pronounced "link") is a Microsoft .NET Framework component that adds native data querying capabilities to .NET languages, originally released as a major part of .NET Framework 3.5 in 2007.
LINQ extends the language by the addition of query expressions, which are akin to SQL statements,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NWLink | NWLink is Microsoft's implementation of Novell's IPX/SPX protocols. NWLink includes an implementation of NetBIOS atop IPX/SPX.
NWLink packages data to be compatible with client/server services on NetWare Networks. However, NWLink does not provide access to NetWare File and Print Services. To access the File and Print... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline%20of%20web%20design%20and%20web%20development | The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to web design and web development, two very related fields:
Web design – field that encompasses many different skills and disciplines in the production and maintenance of websites. The different areas of web design include web graphic design; interf... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einstein%E2%80%93Hopf%20drag | In physics, the Einstein–Hopf drag (named after Albert Einstein and Ludwig Hopf) is a velocity-dependent drag force upon charged particles that are being bathed in thermal radiation. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POTS%20codec | A POTS codec is a type of audio coder-decoder (codec) that uses digital signal processing to transmit audio digitally over standard telephone lines (plain old telephone service, POTS) at a higher level of audio quality than the telephone line would normally provide in its analog mode. The POTS codec is one of a family ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Characterization%20of%20probability%20distributions | In mathematics in general, a characterization theorem says that a particular object – a function, a space, etc. – is the only one that possesses properties specified in the theorem. A characterization of a probability distribution accordingly states that it is the only probability distribution that satisfies specified ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deinococcus%20geothermalis | Deinococcus geothermalis is a non-pathogenic, sphere-shaped, Gram-positive, heterotrophic bacterium, where geothermalis means 'hot earth' or 'hot springs'. This bacterium was first obtained from the hot springs of Agnano, Naples, Italy and São Pedro do Sul, Portugal.
Genome Structure
Deinococcus geothermalis has a g... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shenzhen%20I/O | Shenzhen I/O is a puzzle video game and programming game developed by Zachtronics for Microsoft Windows, Linux, and macOS-based personal computers. The game was released in November 2016.
Gameplay
Shenzhen I/O is a puzzle video game set in the near future in which players assume the role of an electronics engineer who... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrate%20Genomes%20Project | The Vertebrate Genomes Project (VGP) is a project which aims to generate high-quality, complete reference genomes of all 66,000 vertebrate species. It is an international cooperation project with members from more than 50 separate institutions and was launched in February 2017.
In October 2021, VGP partnered with Colo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycobiology%20%28journal%29 | Glycobiology is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of the field of glycobiology and the official journal of the Society for Glycobiology. It is published by Oxford University Press. The journal was established in September 1990. It publishes primary research on the "biological functions of ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shelter%202 | Shelter 2 is an open world survival video game developed by Might and Delight for Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. The game is a sequel to 2013's Shelter. It was released on March 9, 2015 and, like its predecessor, was made available on Steam as a digital download.
Gameplay
In Shelter 2 the player controls a mother lynx... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contraction%20band%20necrosis | Contraction band necrosis is a type of uncontrolled cell death (necrosis) unique to cardiac myocytes and thought to arise in reperfusion from hypercontraction, which results in sarcolemmal rupture.
It is a characteristic histologic finding of a recent myocardial infarction (heart attack) that was partially reperfused.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeans%20instability | In stellar physics, the Jeans instability causes the collapse of interstellar gas clouds and subsequent star formation, named after James Jeans. It occurs when the internal gas pressure is not strong enough to prevent gravitational collapse of a region filled with matter. For stability, the cloud must be in hydrostatic... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chain%20fern | Chain fern is a common name for several ferns and may refer to:
Woodwardia, a fern genus of the Northern Hemisphere
Tmesipteris, a fern genus of the South Pacific, also called "hanging fork fern"
Ferns |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal%20of%20Computational%20Biophysics%20and%20Chemistry | The Journal of Computational Biophysics and Chemistry is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering developments in theoretical and computational chemistry and biophysics, as well as their applications to other scientific fields, such as medicine, pharmaceutical and materials sciences. It was established in 2002 as th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonclassical%20ion | Nonclassical carbocations are stabilized by charge delocalization from contributions of neighbouring or bonds, which can form bridged intermediates or transition states. Nonclassical ions have been extensively studied with the 2-norbornyl system, which as “naked” ion unambiguously exhibit such a bridged structure. Th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trophobiosis | Trophobiosis is a symbiotic association between organisms where food is obtained or provided. The provider of food in the association is referred to as a trophobiont. The name is derived from the Ancient Greek τροφή (trophē), meaning "nourishment", and -βίωσις (-biosis), which is short for the English word symbiosis.
... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lane%E2%80%93Emden%20equation | In astrophysics, the Lane–Emden equation is a dimensionless form of Poisson's equation for the gravitational potential of a Newtonian self-gravitating, spherically symmetric, polytropic fluid. It is named after astrophysicists Jonathan Homer Lane and Robert Emden. The equation reads
where is a dimensionless radius an... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix%20decomposition | In the mathematical discipline of linear algebra, a matrix decomposition or matrix factorization is a factorization of a matrix into a product of matrices. There are many different matrix decompositions; each finds use among a particular class of problems.
Example
In numerical analysis, different decompositions are u... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application-Layer%20Protocol%20Negotiation | Application-Layer Protocol Negotiation (ALPN) is a Transport Layer Security (TLS) extension that allows the application layer to negotiate which protocol should be performed over a secure connection in a manner that avoids additional round trips and which is independent of the application-layer protocols. It is used to... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rota%E2%80%93Baxter%20algebra | In mathematics, a Rota–Baxter algebra is an associative algebra, together with a particular linear map R which satisfies the Rota–Baxter identity. It appeared first in the work of the American mathematician Glen E. Baxter in the realm of probability theory. Baxter's work was further explored from different angles by G... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discovery%20District | The Discovery District is one of the commercial districts in Downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It has a high concentration of hospitals and research institutions, particularly those related to biotechnology. The district is roughly bounded by Bloor Street on the north, Bay Street on the east, Dundas Street on the sout... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora%20von%20Th%C3%BCringen | Flora von Thüringen is an extensive botanical coverage of the plants occurring in Thuringia in central Germany. Conceived and initiated by the German naturalist Jonathan Carl Zenker in 1836, its completion was delayed by his untimely death in 1837. The botanists Diederich Franz Leonhard von Schlechtendal (1797–1866) an... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trembling%20hand%20perfect%20equilibrium | In game theory, trembling hand perfect equilibrium is a type of refinement of a Nash equilibrium that was first proposed by Reinhard Selten. A trembling hand perfect equilibrium is an equilibrium that takes the possibility of off-the-equilibrium play into account by assuming that the players, through a "slip of the han... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex%20determination%20in%20Silene | Silene is a flowering plant genus that has evolved a dioecious reproductive system. This is made possible through heteromorphic sex chromosomes expressed as XY. Silene recently evolved sex chromosomes 5-10 million years ago and are widely used by geneticists and biologists to study the mechanisms of sex determination s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counting%20lemma | The counting lemmas this article discusses are statements in combinatorics and graph theory. The first one extracts information from -regular pairs of subsets of vertices in a graph , in order to guarantee patterns in the entire graph; more explicitly, these patterns correspond to the count of copies of a certain graph... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EarthKosher | EarthKosher is an American company providing kosher certification. The main office is in Boulder, Colorado, with offices in California, New Jersey, Mexico City and Jerusalem. It is a member of the Association of Kashrus Organizations.
Rabbi Zushe Yosef Blech was a rabbinic consultant of EarthKosher from its inception,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suillus%20pungens | Suillus pungens, commonly known as the pungent slippery jack or the pungent suillus, is a species of fungus in the genus Suillus. The fruit bodies of the fungus have slimy convex caps up to
wide. The mushroom is characterized by the very distinct color changes that occur in the cap throughout development. Typically, t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubley%20Manufacturing%20Company | The Hubley Manufacturing Company was an American producer of a wide range of cast-iron toys, doorstops, and bookends. Toys, particularly motor vehicles and cap guns, were also produced in zinc alloy and plastic. The company is probably most well known for its detailed scale metal kits of Classic cars in about 1:20 sca... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affordable%20Connectivity%20Program | The Affordable Connectivity Program (ACP) is a United States government-sponsored program that aims to provide wireless internet for low-income households. Several companies have signed on to participate in the program, including Verizon Communications, Frontier Communications, T-Mobile, Spectrum, Cox, AT&T, Xfinity, O... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stickland%20fermentation | Stickland fermentation or The Stickland Reaction is the name for a chemical reaction that involves the coupled oxidation and reduction of amino acids to organic acids. The electron donor amino acid is oxidised to a volatile carboxylic acid one carbon atom shorter than the original amino acid. For example, alanine wit... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consensus%20theorem | In Boolean algebra, the consensus theorem or rule of consensus is the identity:
The consensus or resolvent of the terms and is . It is the conjunction of all the unique literals of the terms, excluding the literal that appears unnegated in one term and negated in the other. If includes a term which is negated in ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acidilobus%20aceticus | Acidilobus aceticus is a thermoacidophilic (that is, both thermophilic and acidophilic) species of anaerobic archaea. The species was originally described in 2000 after being isolated from hot springs in Kamchatka. It is the type species of the genus Acidilobus.
Description
Acidilobus aceticus has a coccoid morphology... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbian%20exchange | The Columbian exchange, also known as the Columbian interchange, was the widespread transfer of plants, animals, precious metals, commodities, culture, human populations, technology, diseases, and ideas between the New World (the Americas) in the Western Hemisphere, and the Old World (Afro-Eurasia) in the Eastern Hemis... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterothermy | Heterothermy or heterothermia (from Greek ἕτερος heteros "other" and θέρμη thermē "heat") is a physiological term for animals that vary between self-regulating their body temperature, and allowing the surrounding environment to affect it. In other words, they exhibit characteristics of both poikilothermy and homeotherm... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangent%20cone | In geometry, the tangent cone is a generalization of the notion of the tangent space to a manifold to the case of certain spaces with singularities.
Definitions in nonlinear analysis
In nonlinear analysis, there are many definitions for a tangent cone, including the adjacent cone, Bouligand's contingent cone, and the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonmetal | A nonmetal is a chemical element that mostly lacks metallic properties. Seventeen elements are generally considered nonmetals, though some authors recognize more or fewer depending on the properties considered most representative of metallic or nonmetallic character. Some borderline elements further complicate the situ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test%20automation%20management%20tools | Test automation management tools are specific tools that provide a collaborative environment that is intended to make test automation efficient, traceable and clear for stakeholders. Test automation is becoming a cross-discipline (i.e. a mix of both testing and development practices.)
Motivation
Test automation system... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiholomorphic%20function | In mathematics, antiholomorphic functions (also called antianalytic functions) are a family of functions closely related to but distinct from holomorphic functions.
A function of the complex variable z defined on an open set in the complex plane is said to be antiholomorphic if its derivative with respect to exists... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossing%20%28physics%29 | In quantum field theory, a branch of theoretical physics, crossing is the property of scattering amplitudes that allows antiparticles to be interpreted as particles going backwards in time.
Crossing states that the same formula that determines the S-matrix elements and scattering amplitudes for particle to scatter wi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription%20factor%20DP | In molecular biology, transcription factor DP (Dimerization Partner) is a family of proteins which function as transcription factors.
DP forms a heterodimer with E2F and regulates genes involved in cell cycle progression. The transcriptional activity of E2F is inhibited by the retinoblastoma protein which binds to the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatron | The Tevatron was a circular particle accelerator (active until 2011) in the United States, at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (also known as Fermilab), east of Batavia, Illinois, and is the second highest energy particle collider ever built, after the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) of the European Organization f... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammad%20Hajiaghayi | Mohammad Taghi Hajiaghayi () is a computer scientist known for his work in algorithms, game theory, social networks, network design, graph theory, and big data. He has over 200 publications with over 185 collaborators and 10 issued patents.
He is the Jack and Rita G. Minker Professor at the University of Maryland Dep... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics%20of%20paper%20folding | The discipline of origami or paper folding has received a considerable amount of mathematical study. Fields of interest include a given paper model's flat-foldability (whether the model can be flattened without damaging it), and the use of paper folds to solve up-to cubic mathematical equations.
Computational origami ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symplectization | In mathematics, the symplectization of a contact manifold is a symplectic manifold which naturally corresponds to it.
Definition
Let be a contact manifold, and let . Consider the set
of all nonzero 1-forms at , which have the contact plane as their kernel. The union
is a symplectic submanifold of the cotangent ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eco-industrial%20development | Eco-industrial development (EID) is a framework for industry to develop while reducing its impact on the environment. It uses a closed loop production cycle to tackle a broad set of environmental challenges such as soil and water pollution, desertification, species preservation, energy management, by-product synergy, r... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monochromatization | Monochromatization in the context of accelerator physics is a theoretical principle used to increase center-of-mass energy resolution in high-luminosity particle collisions. The decrease of the collision energy spread can be accomplished without reducing the inherent energy spread of either of the two colliding beams, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse%20transform%20sampling | Inverse transform sampling (also known as inversion sampling, the inverse probability integral transform, the inverse transformation method, Smirnov transform, or the golden rule) is a basic method for pseudo-random number sampling, i.e., for generating sample numbers at random from any probability distribution given i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acesulfame%20potassium | Acesulfame potassium (, or ), also known as acesulfame K (K is the symbol for potassium) or Ace K, is a synthetic calorie-free sugar substitute (artificial sweetener) often marketed under the trade names Sunett and Sweet One. In the European Union, it is known under the E number (additive code) E950. It was discover... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MCACEA | MCACEA (Multiple Coordinated Agents Coevolution Evolutionary Algorithm) is a general framework that uses a single evolutionary algorithm (EA) per agent sharing their optimal solutions to coordinate the evolutions of the EAs populations using cooperation objectives. This framework can be used to optimize some characteri... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salacca%20affinis | Salacca affinis, also known as red salak, red snakefruit salak, red snakefruit, buah ridan salak, buah ridan, linsum, salak hutan, buah manau, kelubi, buah rotan, and ridan, is a flowering shrub in the family Arecaceae. The specific epithet (affinis) comes from Latin "ad finis", meaning "at the boundary", and refers to... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational%20visualistics | The term Computational visualistics addresses the whole range of scientifically investigating pictures "in" the computer.
Overview
Images take a rather prominent place in contemporary life in western societies. Together with language, they have been connected to human culture from the very beginning. For about one c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge%20Based%20Software%20Assistant | The Knowledge Based Software Assistant (KBSA) was a research program funded by the United States Air Force. The goal of the program was to apply concepts from artificial intelligence to the problem of designing and implementing computer software. Software would be described by models in very high level languages (essen... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logarithmic%20conformal%20field%20theory | In theoretical physics, a logarithmic conformal field theory is a conformal field theory in which the
correlators of the basic fields are allowed to be logarithmic at short distance, instead of being powers of the fields' distance. Equivalently, the dilation operator is not diagonalizable.
Examples of logarithmic conf... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toughie%20%28frog%29 | Toughie was the last known living Rabbs' fringe-limbed treefrog. The species, scientifically known as Ecnomiohyla rabborum, is thought to be extinct, as the last specimen—Toughie—died in captivity on September 26, 2016.
Captivity
Toughie was captured as an adult in Panama in 2005, when researchers went on a conservati... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kind%20code | In patent law, a kind code, or WIPO Standard ST.16 code, is a code used on patent documents published by intellectual property offices to distinguish different kinds of patent documents. A kind code includes a letter, and in many cases a number, used to distinguish the kind of patent document (e.g., publication of an a... |
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