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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph%20neural%20network
A graph neural network (GNN) is a class of artificial neural networks for processing data that can be represented as graphs. In the more general subject of "geometric deep learning", certain existing neural network architectures can be interpreted as GNNs operating on suitably defined graphs. A convolutional neural ne...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q-Meixner%20polynomials
In mathematics, the q-Meixner polynomials are a family of basic hypergeometric orthogonal polynomials in the basic Askey scheme. give a detailed list of their properties. Definition The polynomials are given in terms of basic hypergeometric functions by
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MycoKeys
MycoKeys is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering mycology. It was established in 2011 by Pensoft Publishers. The editor-in-chief is H. Thorsten Lumbsch. Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in: Science Citation Index Expanded. Current Contents/Agriculture, Biology & Envi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X%20Font%20Server
The X font server (xfs) provides a standard mechanism for an X server to communicate with a font renderer, frequently one running on a remote machine. It usually runs on TCP port 7100. Current status The use of server-side fonts is currently considered deprecated in favour of client-side fonts. Such fonts are rendere...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FANCB
Fanconi anemia group B protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FANCB gene. Function The Fanconi anemia complementation group (FANC) currently includes FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1 (also called BRCA2), FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, and FANCL. Fanconi anemia is a genetically heterogeneous recessive disorde...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infinite%20Energy%20%28magazine%29
Infinite Energy is a bi-monthly magazine published in New Hampshire that details theories and experiments concerning alternative energy, new science and new physics. The magazine was founded by the late Eugene Mallove, and is owned by the non-profit New Energy Foundation. It was established in 1994 as Cold Fusion magaz...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assistive%20Technology%20Industry%20Association
The Assistive Technology Industry Association (ATIA) is a not-for-profit membership organization of manufacturers, sellers and providers of technology-based assistive devices and/or services, for people with disabilities. ATIA represents the interests of its members to business, government, education, and the many agen...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veiling%20glare
Veiling glare is an imperfection of performance in optical instruments (such as cameras and telescopes) arising from incoming light that strays from the normal image-forming paths, and reaches the focal plane. The effect superimposes a form of noise onto the normal image sensed by the detector (film, digital sensor, o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vespertilionid%20gammaherpesvirus%201
Vespertilionid gammaherpesvirus 1 (VeGHV-1) is a species of virus in the genus Percavirus, subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae, family Herpesviridae, and order Herpesvirales.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20U.S.%20state%20horses
Twelve U.S. states have designated a horse breed as the official "state horse", two have a horse breed as their "state animal", one has an official "state pony", and one has a "honorary state equine". The first state horse was designated in Vermont in 1961. The most recent state horse designations occurred in 2023 when...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharktopus
Sharktopus is a 2010 SyFy original horror/science fiction film produced by Roger Corman, directed by Declan O'Brien, and starring Eric Roberts. It is the first film in the Sharktopus franchise. Plot Geneticist Nathan Sands and his daughter Nicole are hired by the U.S. Navy to create a new weapon; they create an intell...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effective%20descriptive%20set%20theory
Effective descriptive set theory is the branch of descriptive set theory dealing with sets of reals having lightface definitions; that is, definitions that do not require an arbitrary real parameter (Moschovakis 1980). Thus effective descriptive set theory combines descriptive set theory with recursion theory. Constru...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little%27s%20law
In mathematical queueing theory, Little's law (also result, theorem, lemma, or formula) is a theorem by John Little which states that the long-term average number L of customers in a stationary system is equal to the long-term average effective arrival rate λ multiplied by the average time W that a customer spends in t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler%27s%20theorem%20in%20geometry
In geometry, Euler's theorem states that the distance d between the circumcenter and incenter of a triangle is given by or equivalently where and denote the circumradius and inradius respectively (the radii of the circumscribed circle and inscribed circle respectively). The theorem is named for Leonhard Euler, who...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sazonov%27s%20theorem
In mathematics, Sazonov's theorem, named after Vyacheslav Vasilievich Sazonov (), is a theorem in functional analysis. It states that a bounded linear operator between two Hilbert spaces is γ-radonifying if it is a Hilbert–Schmidt operator. The result is also important in the study of stochastic processes and the Mal...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land%20cover
Land cover is the physical material at the surface of Earth. Land covers include grass, asphalt, trees, bare ground, water, etc. Earth cover is the expression used by ecologist Frederick Edward Clements that has its closest modern equivalent being vegetation. The expression continues to be used by the United States Bur...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variance%20reduction
In mathematics, more specifically in the theory of Monte Carlo methods, variance reduction is a procedure used to increase the precision of the estimates obtained for a given simulation or computational effort. Every output random variable from the simulation is associated with a variance which limits the precision of...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Journal%20of%20Food%20Sciences%20and%20Nutrition
The International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers food science and nutrition. It is published by Taylor & Francis. the editor-in-chief is Daniele Del Rio (University of Parma). Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in BIOSIS Previews, C...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caspio
Caspio is an American software company headquartered in Sunnyvale, California, with offices in Ukraine, Poland and the Philippines. Caspio was founded by Frank Zamani in 2000. The company focuses on database-centric web applications. History Caspio was founded by Frank Zamani in 2000. The company initially focused on...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doppler%20cooling
Doppler cooling is a mechanism that can be used to trap and slow the motion of atoms to cool a substance. The term is sometimes used synonymously with laser cooling, though laser cooling includes other techniques. History Doppler cooling was simultaneously proposed by two groups in 1975, the first being David J. Wine...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septin
Septins are a group of GTP-binding proteins expressed in all eukaryotic cells except plants. Different septins form protein complexes with each other. These complexes can further assemble into filaments, rings and gauzes. Assembled as such, septins function in cells by localizing other proteins, either by providing a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuxedo%20Computers
The Tuxedo Computers GmbH (proper spelling: TUXEDO Computers) is a computer manufacturer based in Augsburg, Germany. The company specializes in desktop computers and notebooks with pre-installed Linux operating system. The devices are manufactured in Leipzig, Germany. Tuxedo Computers equips its devices with Tuxedo OS,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subharmonic%20function
In mathematics, subharmonic and superharmonic functions are important classes of functions used extensively in partial differential equations, complex analysis and potential theory. Intuitively, subharmonic functions are related to convex functions of one variable as follows. If the graph of a convex function and a li...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/0music
0music is the second album produced with Melomics technology. While the first one (Iamus' album) is a compilation of contemporary pieces fully composed by Iamus, 0music compiles pieces of popular genres, composed and interpreted without any human intervention by Melomics109, a computer cluster hosted at the University ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Century%20egg
Century eggs (), also known under a wide variety of names (see infobox), are a Chinese egg-based culinary dish made by preserving duck, chicken, or quail eggs in a mixture of clay, ash, salt, quicklime, and rice hulls for several weeks to several months, depending on the processing method. Through the process, the yol...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cusp%20form
In number theory, a branch of mathematics, a cusp form is a particular kind of modular form with a zero constant coefficient in the Fourier series expansion. Introduction A cusp form is distinguished in the case of modular forms for the modular group by the vanishing of the constant coefficient a0 in the Fourier serie...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/92nd%20meridian%20west
The meridian 92° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, North America, the Gulf of Mexico, Central America, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole. The 92nd meridian west forms a great circle with the 88th meridian east. From...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract%20family%20of%20languages
In computer science, in particular in the field of formal language theory, an abstract family of languages is an abstract mathematical notion generalizing characteristics common to the regular languages, the context-free languages and the recursively enumerable languages, and other families of formal languages studied ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Genetic%20Basis%20of%20Evolutionary%20Change
The Genetic Basis of Evolutionary Change is a book by Richard Lewontin about evolutionary genetics. Originally published by Columbia University Press in 1974, the book originated in a series of lectures, known as the "Jesup lectures", that Lewontin gave at Columbia University in 1969. In a blurb promoting the book, Col...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory%20inductance%20plethysmography
Respiratory inductance plethysmography (RIP) is a method of evaluating pulmonary ventilation by measuring the movement of the chest and abdominal wall. Accurate measurement of pulmonary ventilation or breathing often requires the use of devices such as masks or mouthpieces coupled to the airway opening. These devices ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microwave%20Imaging%20Radiometer%20with%20Aperture%20Synthesis
Microwave Imaging Radiometer with Aperture Synthesis (MIRAS) is the major instrument on the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity satellite (SMOS). MIRAS employs a planar antenna composed of a central body (the so-called hub) and three telescoping, deployable arms, in total 69 receivers on the Unit. Each receiver is compose...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuri%20Prokhorov
Yuri Vasilyevich Prokhorov (; 15 December 1929 – 16 July 2013) was a Russian mathematician, active in the field of probability theory. He was a PhD student of Andrey Kolmogorov at the Moscow State University, where he obtained his PhD in 1956. Prokhorov became a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMPTE%20424M
SMPTE 424M is a standard published by SMPTE which expands upon SMPTE 259M, SMPTE 344M, and SMPTE 292M allowing for bit-rates of 2.970 Gbit/s and 2.970/1.001 Gbit/s over a single-link coaxial cable. These bit-rates are sufficient for 1080p video at 50 or 60 frames per second. The initial 424M standard was published in 2...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhizosphere
The rhizosphere is the narrow region of soil or substrate that is directly influenced by root secretions and associated soil microorganisms known as the root microbiome. Soil pores in the rhizosphere can contain many bacteria and other microorganisms that feed on sloughed-off plant cells, termed rhizodeposition, and th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Features%20new%20to%20Windows%208
The transition from Windows 7 to Windows 8 introduced a number of new features across various aspects of the operating system. These include a greater focus on optimizing the operating system for touchscreen-based devices (such as tablets) and cloud computing. Development platform Language and standards support Win...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septum%20verum
Septum Verum (true septum) is a region in the lower medial part of the telencephalon that separates the two cerebral hemispheres. The human septum consists of two parts: the septum pellucidum (translucent septum), a thin membrane consisting of white matter and glial cells that separate the lateral ventricles, and the l...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum%20common%20induced%20subgraph
In graph theory and theoretical computer science, a maximum common induced subgraph of two graphs G and H is a graph that is an induced subgraph of both G and H, and that has as many vertices as possible. Finding this graph is NP-hard. In the associated decision problem, the input is two graphs G and H and a number k....
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social%20cognitive%20optimization
Social cognitive optimization (SCO) is a population-based metaheuristic optimization algorithm which was developed in 2002. This algorithm is based on the social cognitive theory, and the key point of the ergodicity is the process of individual learning of a set of agents with their own memory and their social learning...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missing%20heritability%20problem
The missing heritability problem is the fact that single genetic variations cannot account for much of the heritability of diseases, behaviors, and other phenotypes. This is a problem that has significant implications for medicine, since a person's susceptibility to disease may depend more on the combined effect of all...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperthermia
Hyperthermia, also known simply as overheating, is a condition in which an individual's body temperature is elevated beyond normal due to failed thermoregulation. The person's body produces or absorbs more heat than it dissipates. When extreme temperature elevation occurs, it becomes a medical emergency requiring immed...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic%20anisotropy
In condensed matter physics, magnetic anisotropy describes how an object's magnetic properties can be different depending on direction. In the simplest case, there is no preferential direction for an object's magnetic moment. It will respond to an applied magnetic field in the same way, regardless of which direction th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algal%20bloom
An algal bloom or algae bloom is a rapid increase or accumulation in the population of algae in freshwater or marine water systems. It is often recognized by the discoloration in the water from the algae's pigments. The term algae encompasses many types of aquatic photosynthetic organisms, both macroscopic multicellula...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E.%20Jacquelin%20Dietz
E. Jacquelin Dietz (1951-2020) was an American statistician, interested in nonparametric and multivariate statistics and in statistics education. She was a professor at North Carolina State University until 2004, when she moved to Meredith College. At Meredith, she was head of the mathematics and computer science depa...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireworld
Wireworld, alternatively WireWorld, is a cellular automaton first proposed by Brian Silverman in 1987, as part of his program Phantom Fish Tank. It subsequently became more widely known as a result of an article in the "Computer Recreations" column of Scientific American. Wireworld is particularly suited to simulating ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocol%20composition%20logic
Protocol Composition Logic is a formal method that is used for proving security properties of protocols that use symmetric key and Public key cryptography. PCL is designed around a process calculi with actions for possible protocol steps like generating some random number, perform encryption and decryption, send and...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porphyromonas%20gingivalis
Porphyromonas gingivalis belongs to the phylum Bacteroidota and is a nonmotile, Gram-negative, rod-shaped, anaerobic, pathogenic bacterium. It forms black colonies on blood agar. It is found in the oral cavity, where it is implicated in periodontal disease, as well as in the upper gastrointestinal tract, the respirato...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon%20Reef
The Amazon Reef, or Amazonian Reef, is an extensive coral and sponge reef system, located in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of French Guiana and northern Brazil. It is one of the largest known reef systems in the world, with scientists estimating its length at over , and its area as over . Publication of its discover...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber-reinforced%20cementitious%20matrix
A fiber-reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) is a reinforcement system composed by fibers (such as steel, aramid, basalt, carbon, polyparaphenylenebenzobisoxazole, and glass) embedded in an inorganic-based matrix, usually made by cement or lime mortar. In international literature, FRCMs are also called textile-reinfo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenNMS
OpenNMS is a free and open-source enterprise grade network monitoring and network management platform. It is developed and supported by a community of users and developers and by the OpenNMS Group, offering commercial services, training and support. The goal is for OpenNMS to be a truly distributed, scalable managemen...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PIPES
PIPES is the common name for piperazine-N,N-bis(2-ethanesulfonic acid), and is a frequently used buffering agent in biochemistry. It is an ethanesulfonic acid buffer developed by Good et al. in the 1960s. Applications PIPES has two pKa values. One pKa (6.76 at 25 °C) is near the physiological pH which makes it useful ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory%20architecture
Memory architecture describes the methods used to implement electronic computer data storage in a manner that is a combination of the fastest, most reliable, most durable, and least expensive way to store and retrieve information. Depending on the specific application, a compromise of one of these requirements may be n...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic%20hitchhiking
Genetic hitchhiking, also called genetic draft or the hitchhiking effect, is when an allele changes frequency not because it itself is under natural selection, but because it is near another gene that is undergoing a selective sweep and that is on the same DNA chain. When one gene goes through a selective sweep, any ot...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proofs%20of%20trigonometric%20identities
There are several equivalent ways for defining trigonometric functions, and the proof of the trigonometric identities between them depend on the chosen definition. The oldest and somehow the most elementary definition is based on the geometry of right triangles. The proofs given in this article use this definition, and...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De%20Bruijn%20sequence
In combinatorial mathematics, a de Bruijn sequence of order n on a size-k alphabet A is a cyclic sequence in which every possible length-n string on A occurs exactly once as a substring (i.e., as a contiguous subsequence). Such a sequence is denoted by and has length , which is also the number of distinct strings of l...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BRENDA%20tissue%20ontology
The BRENDA tissue ontology (BTO) represents a comprehensive structured encyclopedia. It provides terms, classifications, and definitions of tissues, organs, anatomical structures, plant parts, cell cultures, cell types, and cell lines of organisms from all taxonomic groups (animals, plants, fungi, protozoon) as enzyme ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrahyperbolic%20equation
In the mathematical field of differential equations, the ultrahyperbolic equation is a partial differential equation (PDE) for an unknown scalar function of variables of the form More generally, if is any quadratic form in variables with signature , then any PDE whose principal part is is said to be ultrahyperb...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invariant%20mass
The invariant mass, rest mass, intrinsic mass, proper mass, or in the case of bound systems simply mass, is the portion of the total mass of an object or system of objects that is independent of the overall motion of the system. More precisely, it is a characteristic of the system's total energy and momentum that is th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial%20anaerobic%20corrosion
Bacterial anaerobic corrosion is the bacterially-induced oxidation of metals. Corrosion of metals typically alters the metal to a form that is more stable. Thus, bacterial anaerobic corrosion typically occurs in conditions favorable to the corrosion of the underlying substrate. In humid, anoxic conditions the corrosion...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gadget%20%28computer%20science%29
In computational complexity theory, a gadget is a subunit of a problem instance that simulates the behavior of one of the fundamental units of a different computational problem. Gadgets are typically used to construct reductions from one computational problem to another, as part of proofs of NP-completeness or other ty...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FRACTRAN
FRACTRAN is a Turing-complete esoteric programming language invented by the mathematician John Conway. A FRACTRAN program is an ordered list of positive fractions together with an initial positive integer input n. The program is run by updating the integer n as follows: for the first fraction f in the list for which nf...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20web%20analytics%20software
This is a list of web analytics software used to collect and display data about visiting website users. Self-hosted software Free / Open source (FLOSS) This is a comparison table of web analytics software released under a free software license. Proprietary This is a comparison table of web analytics proprietary soft...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synovial%20sarcoma%2C%20X%20breakpoint
Synovial sarcoma, X breakpoint (SSX) refers to a group of genes rearranged in synovial sarcoma. They include: SSX1 SSX2 and SSX2B SSX3 SSX4 and SSX4B SSX5 SSX6 SSX7 SSX8 SSX9 SSX10 The group also has several associated pseudogenes, and the interacting protein SSX2IP. The translocation t(X;18) creates a fus...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag%20%28geometry%29
In (polyhedral) geometry, a flag is a sequence of faces of a polytope, each contained in the next, with exactly one face from each dimension. More formally, a flag of an -polytope is a set such that and there is precisely one in for each , Since, however, the minimal face and the maximal face must be in eve...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stiction
Stiction (a portmanteau of the words static and friction) is the force that needs to be overcome to enable relative motion of stationary objects in contact. Any solid objects pressing against each other (but not sliding) will require some threshold of force parallel to the surface of contact in order to overcome static...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinhole%20camera%20model
The pinhole camera model describes the mathematical relationship between the coordinates of a point in three-dimensional space and its projection onto the image plane of an ideal pinhole camera, where the camera aperture is described as a point and no lenses are used to focus light. The model does not include, for exa...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suid%20gammaherpesvirus%203
Suid gammaherpesvirus 3 (SuHV-3) is a species of virus in the genus Macavirus, subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae, family Herpesviridae, and order Herpesvirales.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World%20Toilet%20Day
World Toilet Day (WTD) is an official United Nations international observance day on 19 November to inspire action to tackle the global sanitation crisis. Worldwide, 4.2 billion people live without "safely managed sanitation" and around 673 million people practice open defecation. Sustainable Development Goal 6 aims to...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ectomesenchyme
Ectomesenchyme has properties similar to mesenchyme. The origin of the ectomesenchyme is disputed. It is either like the mesenchyme, arising from mesodermic cells, or conversely arising from neural crest cells. The neural crest is a critical group of cells that form in the cranial region during early vertebrate develop...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J-structure
In mathematics, a J-structure is an algebraic structure over a field related to a Jordan algebra. The concept was introduced by to develop a theory of Jordan algebras using linear algebraic groups and axioms taking the Jordan inversion as basic operation and Hua's identity as a basic relation. There is a classificat...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code%20sanitizer
A code sanitizer is a programming tool that detects bugs in the form of undefined or suspicious behavior by a compiler inserting instrumentation code at runtime. The class of tools was first introduced by Google's AddressSanitizer (or ASan) of 2012, which uses directly mapped shadow memory to detect memory corruption s...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAI%20%28Arabidopsis%20thaliana%20gene%29
GAI or Gibberellic-Acid Insensitive is a gene in Arabidopsis thaliana which is involved in regulation of plant growth. GAI represses the pathway of gibberellin-sensitive plant growth. It does this by way of its conserved DELLA motif.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LAN%20eXtensions%20for%20Instrumentation
LAN eXtensions for Instrumentation (LXI) is a standard developed by the LXI Consortium, a consortium that maintains the LXI specification and promotes the LXI Standard. The LXI standard defines the communication protocols for instrumentation and data acquisition systems using Ethernet. Ethernet is a ubiquitous communic...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuiyo-maru%20carcass
The was a corpse, caught by the Japanese fishing trawler off the coast of New Zealand in 1977. The carcass's peculiar appearance led to speculation that it might be the remains of a sea serpent or prehistoric plesiosaur. Although several scientists insisted it was "not a fish, whale, or any other mammal", analysis o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89mile%20Cotton
Émile Clément Cotton (5 February 1872 – 14 March 1950) was a professor of mathematics at the University of Grenoble. His PhD thesis studied differential geometry in three dimensions, with the introduction of the Cotton tensor. He held the professorship from 1904 until his 1942 retirement. He was the brother of Aimé Co...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skin%20test
A skin test is a medical test in which a substance is injected into the skin. Examples Casoni test Corneometry Dick test Fernandez reaction Frei test Hair perforation test Kveim test Leishmanin skin test Lepromin Patch test Schick test Skin allergy test Sweat diagnostics Sweat test Tine test Transepid...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20States%20Board%20on%20Geographic%20Names
The United States Board on Geographic Names (BGN) is a federal body operating under the United States Secretary of the Interior. The purpose of the board is to establish and maintain uniform usage of geographic names throughout the federal government of the United States. History On January 8, 1890, Thomas Corwin Mend...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex%20chromosome
A sex chromosome (also referred to as an allosome, heterotypical chromosome, gonosome, heterochromosome, or idiochromosome) is a chromosome that differs from an ordinary autosome in form, size, and behavior. The human sex chromosomes, a typical pair of mammal allosomes, carry the genes that determine the sex of an indi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lycoperdon%20molle
Lycoperdon molle, commonly known as the smooth puffball or the soft puffball, is a type of puffball mushroom in the genus Lycoperdon. It was first described scientifically in 1799 by Dutch mycologist Christiaan Hendrik Persoon. The puffball is edible when the internal flesh is still white.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Physics%20Olympiad
The International Physics Olympiad (IPhO) is an annual physics competition for high school students. It is one of the International Science Olympiads. The first IPhO was held in Warsaw, Poland in 1967. Each national delegation is made up of at most five student competitors plus two leaders, selected on a national lev...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouse%20brain
The mouse brain refers to the brain of Mus musculus. Various brain atlases exist. For reasons of reproducibility, genetically characterized, stable strains like C57BL/6 were chosen to produce high-resolution images and databases. Well known online resources include: Allen Brain Atlas Mouse Brain Library High resoluti...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20plant%20hybrids
This is a list of plant hybrids created intentionally or by chance and exploited commercially in agriculture or horticulture. The hybridization event mechanism is documented where known, along with the authorities who described it. Hybrids
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-continuity
In mathematical analysis, semicontinuity (or semi-continuity) is a property of extended real-valued functions that is weaker than continuity. An extended real-valued function is upper (respectively, lower) semicontinuous at a point if, roughly speaking, the function values for arguments near are not much higher (res...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteins%20%28journal%29
Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by John Wiley & Sons, which was established in 1986 by Cyrus Levinthal. The journal covers research on all aspects protein biochemistry, including computation, function, structure, design, and genetics. The editor-...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic-maturational%20model%20of%20attachment%20and%20adaptation
The dynamic-maturational model of attachment and adaptation (DMM) is a biopsychosocial model describing the effect attachment relationships can have on human development and functioning. It is especially focused on the effects of relationships between children and parents and between reproductive couples. It developed ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test%20compression
Test compression is a technique used to reduce the time and cost of testing integrated circuits. The first ICs were tested with test vectors created by hand. It proved very difficult to get good coverage of potential faults, so Design for testability (DFT) based on scan and automatic test pattern generation (ATPG) we...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisa%20Sauermann
Lisa Sauermann (born 25 September 1992) is a mathematician from Germany known for her performance in the International Mathematical Olympiad, where in 2011 she had the single highest (and perfect) score. She won four gold medals (2008–2011) and one silver medal (2007) at the olympiad, representing Germany. Sauermann a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KUKA%20Robot%20Language
The KUKA Robot Language, also known as KRL, is a proprietary programming language similar to Pascal and used to control KUKA robots. Features Any KRL code consists of two different files with the same name: a permanent data file, with the extension .dat, and a movement command file, with the extension .src. KRL has...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poole%E2%80%93Frenkel%20effect
In solid-state physics, the Poole–Frenkel effect (also known as Frenkel-Poole emission) is a model describing the mechanism of trap-assisted electron transport in an electrical insulator. It is named after Yakov Frenkel, who published on it in 1938, extending the theory previously developed by H. H. Poole. Electrons c...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20U.S.%20state%20insects
State insects are designated by 48 individual states of the fifty United States. Some states have more than one designated insect, or have multiple categories (e.g., state insect and state butterfly, etc.). Iowa and Michigan are the two states without a designated state insect. More than half of the insects chosen are...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasisymmetric%20function
In algebra and in particular in algebraic combinatorics, a quasisymmetric function is any element in the ring of quasisymmetric functions which is in turn a subring of the formal power series ring with a countable number of variables. This ring generalizes the ring of symmetric functions. This ring can be realized a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nevada%20statistical%20areas
The U.S. currently has 11 statistical areas that have been delineated by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). On March 6, 2020, the OMB delineated two combined statistical areas, three metropolitan statistical areas, and six micropolitan statistical areas in Nevada. Statistical areas The Office of Management a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per%20Enflo
Per H. Enflo (; born 20 May 1944) is a Swedish mathematician working primarily in functional analysis, a field in which he solved problems that had been considered fundamental. Three of these problems had been open for more than forty years: The basis problem and the approximation problem and later the invariant subs...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online%20Armor%20Personal%20Firewall
Online Armor Personal Firewall was a firewall originally developed by Australian company ((Tall Emu)), until the program was sold to Emsi Software GmbH (now Emsisoft). The program provides protection on a Microsoft Windows operating system from both inbound and outbound attacks. There are three editions of this product...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collabora%20Online
Collabora Online is an open source online office suite built on LibreOffice Technology, enabling web-based collaborative real-time editing of word processing documents, spreadsheets, presentations, and vector graphics. Optional apps are available for desktops, laptops, tablets, smartphones and Chromebooks. Collabora O...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M.U.L.E.
M.U.L.E. is a 1983 multiplayer video game written for the Atari 8-bit family of home computers by Ozark Softscape. Designer Danielle Bunten Berry (credited as Dan Bunten) took advantage of the four joystick ports of the Atari 400 and 800 to allow four-player simultaneous play. M.U.L.E. was one of the first five games ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almost%20all
In mathematics, the term "almost all" means "all but a negligible quantity". More precisely, if is a set, "almost all elements of " means "all elements of but those in a negligible subset of ". The meaning of "negligible" depends on the mathematical context; for instance, it can mean finite, countable, or null. In c...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensor%20%28intrinsic%20definition%29
In mathematics, the modern component-free approach to the theory of a tensor views a tensor as an abstract object, expressing some definite type of multilinear concept. Their properties can be derived from their definitions, as linear maps or more generally; and the rules for manipulations of tensors arise as an exten...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altyn%20Dala%20Conservation%20Initiative
Altyn Dala Conservation Initiative (ADCI) is the Government of Kazakhstan-led initiative to support the conservation of steppe and semi-desert ecosystems of Kazakhstan. Background ADCI is jointly initiated by Association for the Conservation of the Biodiversity of Kazakhstan (ACBK), the Committee of Forestry and Wild...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landen%27s%20transformation
Landen's transformation is a mapping of the parameters of an elliptic integral, useful for the efficient numerical evaluation of elliptic functions. It was originally due to John Landen and independently rediscovered by Carl Friedrich Gauss. Statement The incomplete elliptic integral of the first kind is where i...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfboard
Perfboard is a material for prototyping electronic circuits. It is a thin, rigid sheet with holes pre-drilled at standard intervals across a grid, usually a square grid of spacing. These holes are ringed by round or square copper pads, though bare boards are also available. Inexpensive perfboard may have pads on only ...