Split (1)

train · 97.6k rows

source stringlengths 32 199	text stringlengths 26 3k
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eliana%20Alexander	Eliana Alexander is a Mexican actress. She portrayed the role of Rita Thomas on My Network TV's Desire. Filmography Agenda (2007) .... Magdalena Linney Desire (2006) .... Rita Thomas Madam Marina (2005) .... Marina Ley del silencio, La (2005) (mini) TV Series .... Amparo How the Garcia Girls Spent Their Summer (2005) .... Nora All God's Creatures (2002) .... Stenographer Llorona del río, La (2001) .... Lupita A Family in Crisis: The Elian Gonzales Story (2000) .... Delores The Bold and the Beautiful .... (1999) Suzie Beverly Hills, 90210 (1999) .... Maria Alvarez Mad TV (1999) .... Maria Ángeles (1999) .... Patricia Kiss of a Stranger (1999) .... Angela My Father's Love (1999) .... Maria's Mother Second Skin (1998) .... Jolie Foto Novelas: Mangas (1997) .... Sister Maria Mr. Rhodes .... Cleaning Lady (1996) A Moment of Truth (1996) .... Joey The O.J. Simpson Story (1995) .... Young Woman The Rockford Files: I Still Love L.A. (1994) .... Officer #1 Mi Vida Loca (1993) .... Mousie's Mother Perfect Strangers .... (1991) Balki B. Flygirl Far Out Man (1990) (uncredited) .... Dancer and Nurse It's Garry Shandling's Show (1988) .... Bridesmaid External links 1969 births Living people Mexican television actresses Mexican telenovela actresses Actresses from Mexico City
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilobaud%20Microcomputing	Kilobaud Microcomputing was a magazine dedicated to the computer homebrew hobbyists from 1977 to 1983. It was one of the three influential computer magazines of the 1970s, along with BYTE and Creative Computing. It focused mostly on the kit-build market, rather than the pre-assembled home computers that emerged, and as the kit market declined in the early 1980s, Kilobaud lost relevance and closed in 1983. After this, company continued publishing other magazines dedicated to particular platforms rather than the kit market. Beginnings Wayne Green was the founder and publisher of BYTE magazine, one of the influential microcomputer magazines of the 1970s. After putting out four issues, in November 1975 Green came to work and found that his ex-wife and the rest of the Byte magazine staff had moved out of his office and had taken the January issue with them. Consequently, the January 1976 issue had Virginia Green listed as publisher instead of Wayne Green. Green was not happy with this development, so he left to start a new magazine to compete with the fledgling Byte. He wanted to call it "KiloByte" to trump Byte. But the people of Byte quickly trademarked KILOBYTE as a cartoon series in Byte magazine. So he named the new magazine "kilobaud" instead, a title Green admitted was largely meaningless. The magazine was first published in 1977. Name changes The full title for the first magazines was kilobaud. The Computer Hobbyist Magazine (Jan 1977). These issues are unique for having a full index of the contents on the front cover but no illustrations (photographs). Later issues did have illustrations but also still had a full index on the cover, (a feature that remained for many years). The title was now shortened to only read "Kilobaud Microcomputing". From the beginning of 1979 to the end of 1980 the subtitle "for business...education...FUN" was added. Later, after 1981, the "kilobaud" denominated was dropped altogether and the magazine was now simply called "Microcomputing" with the subtitle, "a wayne green publication". In 1984, the magazine folded. After the success of kilobaud, Wayne Green diversified with magazines targeted to specific brands of home computers, such as 80-Microcomputing (also known as 80-Micro) a Magazine for TRS-80 users, InCider a magazine for Apple II users, Hot CoCo a magazine for TRS-80 Color Computers, RUN a magazine for Commodore 64 users and many others. Intended readership Even more than Byte magazine, kilobaud contained articles written for people who were building their own 8-bit microcomputers at home, or were writing homebrew software for these systems. kilobaud, (much more than Byte) contained articles written for electronic engineers (or hobbyists interested in electronics), rather than for people who were technically interested in computers but not in building their own computer from scratch. Articles like "Two Hobbies: Model Railroading and Computing" and the article (written by Don Lancaster) "Building a che
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uppland%20Runic%20Inscription%2077	Uppland Runic Inscription 77 is the Rundata catalog number for a Viking Age memorial runestone that is located at Råsta, which is in Sundbyberg Municipality, Stockholm County, Sweden, which is in the historic province of Uppland. Description This runestone, which is 1.75 meters in height and made of granite, consists of runic text on a serpent that becomes intertwined with itself in the center of the design. The inscription is classified as being carved in runestone style Pr4, which is also known as Urnes style. This runestone style is characterized by slim and stylized animals that are interwoven into tight patterns. The animal heads are typically seen in profile with slender almond-shaped eyes and upwardly curled appendages on the noses and the necks. The inscription has been attributed based upon stylistic analysis to a runemaster named Torgöt Fotsarve. The runic text is in the younger futhark and states that the stone was raised by two brothers named Holmsteinn and Hôsvi as a memorial to their father Jóbjôrn and to another man believed to be named Gyríðr. Transliteration of the runes into Latin characters hulmstin × auk × haosui × litu × raisa istain × iftir × iybiurn × faþur sin × auk × kiriþ × ifti Transcription into Old Norse Holmstæinn ok Hosvi letu ræisa stæin æftiʀ Iobiorn, faður sinn, ok Gyrið(?) æftiʀ. Translation in English Holmsteinn and Hôsvi had the stone raised in memory of Jóbjôrn, their father; and Gyríðr(?) in memory of (him). References External links A Swedish site with a picture and information on the runestone. Runestones in Uppland
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WZBJ-CD	WZBJ-CD (channel 24) is a low-power, Class A television station licensed to Lynchburg, Virginia, United States. It is a translator of Danville-licensed MyNetworkTV affiliate WZBJ (channel 24) which is owned by Gray Television; the WZBJ stations collectively serve as a sister outlet to Roanoke-licensed CBS affiliate WDBJ (channel 7). WZBJ-CD's transmitter is located on Candlers Mountain near the campus of the station's former owner, Liberty University; its parent station shares studios with WDBJ on Hershberger Road in northwest Roanoke. History The station first came on the air on January 23, 1991, as W19BC channel 19, a translator station for FamilyNet, a network owned at the time by Liberty University founder Jerry Falwell. On September 1, 1991, W19BC began originating programming and became a 24/7 local LPTV station. In 2000, it changed its callsign to WTLU-CA. The station previously branded itself as HopeNow.tv. The station's digital transmitter, WTLU-LD on channel 43, signed on in 2010; in 2012, the analog WTLU-CA transmitter went dark, and its Class A status was transferred to the digital license as WTLU-CD. The call letters changed to WLHG-CD in 2015. On April 30, 2018, Gray Television announced it would purchase WLHG-CD from Liberty University for $50,000. Under the terms of the transaction, Gray would hold an option agreement to acquire WFFP-TV, and enter into a shared services agreement (to take effect on June 15), whereby Gray would provide programming for and receive a share of the programming and advertising revenue accrued by WLHG-CD and WFFP, which would in turn become sister stations to Gray's existing property in the Roanoke–Lynchburg market, CBS affiliate WDBJ, a station that shares its physical channel spectrum with WFFP. Gray took control of WLHG-CD as scheduled on June 15. On the same day, it began simulcasting WDBJ's MyNetworkTV subchannel "My 19" on WLHG-CD. While the station moved to Gray's control, the station's PSIP virtual channel system was not in use, rendering WLHG-CD's channels temporarily as 43.3 and 43.4. On September 1, 2018, the call letters were changed to WZBJ-CD, and it began sharing virtual channel 24 with the full-power WZBJ license (which concurrently changed call letters from WFFP-TV). Conversion to ATSC 3.0 In September 2022, WZBJ-CD dropped the ATSC 1.0 transmission in favor of ATSC 3.0 (NextGen TV). WZBJ-CD is operating as a 'lighthouse' station and broadcasting the main sub channel feeds of the other Roanoke / Lynchburg stations. Initially, the stations were offered in the same format of 1080i and 720p as broadcast by the ATSC 1.0 stations, but were upgraded to 1080p for CBS, NBC and MyN. Subchannels The station's ATSC 1.0 channels are carried on the multiplexed digital signals of other Lynchburg television stations: WZBJ-CD itself broadcasts the principal commercial stations in the market, and itself, in ATSC 3.0 format. References External links Gray Television MyNetworkTV affiliates Coz
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mc%20%28magazine%29	mc - die microcomputer-zeitschrift was a monthly German microcomputer publication for technically interested persons, a bit similar to Byte magazine. History and profile The magazine was started in 1981. mc was published by "Franzis-Verlag GmbH". In 1996 it became a supplement for another magazine called DOS-PC (later called PC-Magazin) before it ceased to exist. Ulrich Rohde, in Germany at the time a well known TV personality, who presented the weekly TV program WDR Computerclub, was its editor. References External links http://www.kultboy.com/MC-Zeitschrift/46/ - online scans of frontpages 1981 establishments in West Germany 1996 disestablishments in Germany Defunct computer magazines Defunct magazines published in Germany Computer magazines published in Germany German-language magazines Monthly magazines published in Germany Magazines established in 1981 Magazines disestablished in 1996
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WUF%20Networks	WUF Networks, Inc. was a software company that developed applications intended to simplify the control and access of digital content — music, photos, and video — among networked devices, including consumer electronics, mobile devices and personal computers. The company was founded by Turochas Fuad and Francois Dumas, and was acquired by Yahoo in late 2004. The company's software allowed digital content to follow its owner regardless of where the content was originally stored. It automatically aggregated and publicized the digital content across what the company called users' "personal network", including their home PC, media center computer or mobile phone. Because the content was streamed, WUF's application avoided copyright infringement and IP concerns over the illegal copying of music and video. With the advent of Apple's iPod, several companies worked to enable mobile phones and other handheld and portable devices with the ability to access music (and subsequently video) over the network in a legal manner. References Defunct software companies of the United States Yahoo! Yahoo! acquisitions
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%20Canada%20%28TV%20series%29	O Canada is a Canadian animated television anthology series, broadcast in the United States, and all across the Asia-Pacific region on Cartoon Network. O Canada was the first Canadian cartoon series to air on Cartoon Network. The show also frequently aired in Canada on Teletoon, but not as much as it did in the United States on Cartoon Network. Shown mainly on Sunday nights (early Monday mornings) at 12:00 midnight ET, O Canada featured a selection of animated shorts from Canada, mostly from the archives of the National Film Board of Canada. Some of the animated shorts featured were part of the NFB's Canada Vignettes collection of shorts first produced for CBC Television. The title of the series originated from the name of Canada's national anthem, "O Canada". One of the notable shorts featured in this series was Bob's Birthday, which would later serve as the basis for Comedy Central / Global Television Network's Bob and Margaret series, which would debut the following year. Despite its time slot, Bob's Birthday was censored with one scene, that featured Bob nude from the waist down, edited with a maple leaf electronically superimposed over his genitalia while other mature themes remain uncensored. In 1997, Charles Solomon of TV Guide added this packaged series on the adult animated shows list and described it "a must for animation aficionados". Cartoon Network’s deal with NFB had since expired in 2002 in favor of Adult Swim. Shorts shown on O Canada The Apprentice (L'Apprenti) Arkelope Balablok Begone Dull Care The Big Snit Blackfly Blowhard Bob's Birthday Cactus Swing The Cat Came Back Deadly Deposits The Dingles Dinner for Two Emergency Numbers Every Child Every Dog's Guide to Complete Home Safety Every Dog's Guide to the Playground Evolution The Family That Dwelt Apart George and Rosemary Get a Job Getting Started Hot Stuff Hunger La Salla The Log Driver's Waltz The Lump No Problem Oh Sure Overdose Pig Bird Propaganda Message Scant Sanity Shyness Special Delivery Strange InvadersStringsThe SweaterThe Tender Tale of Cinderella PenguinTo BeTwo SistersWhen the Day Breaks'' Notes References External links National Film Board of Canada series 1990s Canadian animated television series 2000s Canadian animated television series 1990s Canadian anthology television series 2000s Canadian anthology television series 1997 Canadian television series debuts 2002 Canadian television series endings English-language television shows Canadian children's animated anthology television series Lost television shows
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velocity%20%28character%29	Velocity (real name Carin Taylor) is an Image Comics/Top Cow Productions character from the comic series Cyberforce, created by Marc Silvestri in 1992. Most of the early story arcs focused on her burgeoning friendship with the members of the Cyberforce team, and her struggle through teenage development. She is the younger sister of Ballistic. Publication history After Cyberforce, Velocity was one of two winning one-shots in the first year of the Top Cow Pilot Season (2007), in a story written by Joe Casey with art by Kevin Maguire. Winning meant the character would get their own title, and it was announced that Casey would return and ChrisCross would provide the art. However, this team never completed an issue and the project was shelved until 2010. Fictional character biography Like the rest of the Cyberforce team, Velocity was cybernetically enhanced by Cyberdata, a global corporation which created advanced cybernetics technology and employed it to create "Special Hazardous Operations Cyborgs", or SHOCs. Velocity's induction into the SHOCs program endowed her with supersonic speed and movement, much like DC Comics character the Flash. A layer of Kevlar was implanted beneath her skin to combat the friction generated by her high speeds. Despite the level of SHOC development Velocity underwent, she was never made a fully operational SHOC, as her psychological profile was never wiped and re-instated into the amoral and obedient state Cyberdata preferred. Velocity's memories were apparently suppressed rather than fully erased. Under duress, she began to recover fragments of her memories. She has vignettes of her life as a child, playing ball with her sister and father, and already beginning to display her power. Another vignette reveals that her father left, or died, and her mother entered into a relationship with an unnamed abusive man. Her sister later kills this abusive man, while Velocity runs at super-speed to find a police officer. At her introduction, Velocity is sixteen years of age and a runaway from the Cyberdata forces. Initially, it was not revealed that Cassie Lane (a.k.a. Ballistic) is Carin's sister. Ballistic presumably adopted a different surname to distance herself from the memory of their father, Frank Taylor, abandoning them. Both sisters wound up in an orphanage run by Mother May I, a mysterious Cyberdata operative with a red third eye in the middle of her forehead. During this time Velocity received the lightning tattoo over her eye, a gift from the resident bully of the orphanage. Soon afterwards, Mother May I saw Carin's potential for cybernetic enhancement and she was given or sold to Cyberdata. Velocity seems to spend a fair amount of time being captured by Cyberdata and subsequently rescued, although in such shenanigans more bits of her history and possible futures are revealed (in issue #11, a virtual-reality simulation shows what Velocity might have become had her conversion to a SHOC been completed). She was S
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lionel%20Trains%3A%20On%20Track	Lionel Trains: On Track is a video game released for the Nintendo DS on December 6, 2006, licensed by Lionel Trains. The gameplay is very similar to Sid Meier's Railroad Tycoon series of computer games. In the game, you are the head of an unspecified railroad, and your objective is to connect different cities together through rail, using the funds you start off with, and later earn. There are several separate modes of gameplay, with varying objectives. Lionel Trains received "generally unfavorable reviews", according to Metacritic. See also 3D Ultra Lionel Traintown: Windows game licensed by Lionel LLC References 2006 video games Nintendo DS games Nintendo DS-only games Railroad business simulation video games Strategy video games Lionel, LLC Destination Software games Video games scored by Jake Kaufman Video games developed in the United States Black Lantern Studios games Single-player video games
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wingz	Wingz may refer to: Informix Wingz, a spreadsheet program Wingz (company), an American transportation network company See also Wings (disambiguation)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Adventures%20of%20the%20Thin%20Man	The Adventures of the Thin Man radio series, initially starring Les Damon, was broadcast on all four major radio networks during the years 1941 to 1950. Claudia Morgan had the female lead role of Nora Charles throughout the program's entire nine-year run. The radio series was modeled after the film series which was based on the 1934 Dashiell Hammett novel. The first series, sponsored by Woodbury Soap Company, aired on NBC Wednesdays at 8pm from July 2, 1941, to December 23, 1942. Les Damon portrayed detective Nick Charles, and he continued in the role into 1943. Sponsored by General Foods (Post Toasties, Maxwell House Coffee, Sanka), the next series began on CBS January 8, 1943, airing on Fridays at 8:30pm and some Sunday timeslots and continuing until December 26, 1947. Les Tremayne and David Gothard were heard as Nick Charles in 1944–45, with Tremayne still in the role in 1945–46. Les Damon returned as Nick in 1946–47, with Tremayne back in 1948-49 (sponsored by Pabst Blue Ribbon beer during the summer of '48). The last actor to do the part was Joseph Curtin in 1950. See also The Thin Man Listen to Boxcars711: The Adventures of the Thin Man: "Nora's Wedding Anniversary" (October 10, 1943) References 1941 radio programme debuts 1950 radio programme endings 1940s American radio programs American radio dramas NBC radio programs CBS Radio programs Mutual Broadcasting System programs ABC radio programs Radio programmes based on novels Detective radio shows Nick and Nora Charles
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel%20Soal	Samuel George Soal (1889–1975) was a British mathematician and parapsychologist. He was charged with fraudulent production of data in his work in parapsychology. Biography Soal graduated with first class honours in mathematics from Queen Mary College (then East London College) in 1910. After service in World War I, in which he suffered shelling at the Battle of the Somme, he lectured in mathematics at Oxford in the Army School of Education, before returning as a lecturer to Queen Mary College, University of London. In 1944, he was awarded the D.Sc. from Queen Mary College, where he continued to lecture in mathematics until his retirement in 1954. In 1947, he presented the Ninth Myers Memorial Lecture to the Society for Psychical Research, largely on the topic of the card-guessing experiments he had been recently conducting. He served as president of the Society for the years 1950-1952. He was a Fulbright Scholar in 1951, for which he journeyed to the USA to work with J. G. Pratt at Duke University. He was awarded an Honorary Fellowship in Psychology at Birkbeck College, University of London for the years 1954-1958. Thereafter, he moved permanently to Caernarvonshire, Wales, where he had routinely holidayed for each year over the past few decades, and where he died in 1975. Early qualitative studies During this time, Soal demonstrated a personal as well as scientific interest in psychical research, becoming a member of the Society for Psychical Research in October 1922. He was partly moved to make his first parapsychological studies following the death of one of his brothers in the First World War. Like many of the bereaved at the time, he made enquiries of mediums concerning communication with the departed; but conducted his observations with a scientific approach. His observations surprised conventional understanding even within psychical research. Most especially, he reported a case of apparently precognitive telepathy of a situation yet to occur for a long-forgotten, but still living, friend of his, Gordon Davis. This suggested, in line with earlier speculations, that the statements of mediums had nothing to do with "spirits of the departed," but only knowledge gained - by telepathy, if need be - from the sitters themselves. What was particularly surprising was that this information was yet to be learned by Soal himself. Soal himself practised automatic writing at this time, and pseudonymously authored a much-discussed paper on the scripts he produced, which purported to be authored by the deceased Oscar Wilde. He later himself declaimed the evidentiality of these scripts, and considered that they were largely the product of cryptomnesia. Statistical studies Soal moved to a more statistical and controlled approach, firstly by conducting an experiment in which up to a few hundred persons participated at one time. This involved Soal and a small group of agents enacting a scenario, playing with a certain object, reciting a poem, and so on,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-capability%20model	The object-capability model is a computer security model. A capability describes a transferable right to perform one (or more) operations on a given object. It can be obtained by the following combination: An unforgeable reference (in the sense of object references or protected pointers) that can be sent in messages. A message that specifies the operation to be performed. The security model relies on not being able to forge references. Objects can interact only by sending messages on references. A reference can be obtained by: Initial conditions: In the initial state of the computational world being described, object A may already have a reference to object B. Parenthood: If A creates B, at that moment A obtains the only reference to the newly created B. Endowment: If A creates B, B is born with that subset of A's references with which A chose to endow it. Introduction: If A has references to both B and C, A can send to B a message containing a reference to C. B can retain that reference for subsequent use. In the object-capability model, all computation is performed following the above rules. Advantages that motivate object-oriented programming, such as encapsulation or information hiding, modularity, and separation of concerns, correspond to security goals such as least privilege and privilege separation in capability-based programming. The object-capability model was first proposed by Jack Dennis and Earl C. Van Horn in 1966. Loopholes in object-oriented programming languages Some object-based programming languages (e.g. JavaScript, Java, and C#) provide ways to access resources in other ways than according to the rules above including the following: Direct assignment to the instance variables of an object in Java and C#. Direct reflective inspection of the meta-data of an object in Java and C#. The pervasive ability to import primitive modules, e.g. java.io.File that enable external effects. Such use of undeniable authority violates the conditions of the object-capability model. Caja and Joe-E are variants of JavaScript and Java, respectively, that impose restrictions to eliminate these loopholes. Advantages of object capabilities Computer scientist E. Dean Tribble stated that in smart contracts, identity-based access control did not support well dynamically changing permissions, compared to the object-capability model. He analogized the ocap model with giving a valet the key to one's car, without handing over the right to car ownership. The structural properties of object capability systems favor modularity in code design and ensure reliable encapsulation in code implementation. These structural properties facilitate the analysis of some security properties of an object-capability program or operating system. Some of these in particular, information flow properties can be analyzed at the level of object references and connectivity, independent of any knowledge or analysis of the code that determines the behavior of the ob
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KBPS	KBPS or kbps may refer to kilobit per second, data rate unit usually abbreviated kbps kilobyte per second, abbreviated kBps KBPS (AM), radio station (1450 AM) licensed to Portland, Oregon, United States KQAC, radio station (89.9 FM) licensed to Portland, Oregon, United States known as KBPS-FM from 1981 to 2009 See also KPBS (disambiguation)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BTJunkie	BTJunkie was a BitTorrent web search engine operating between 2005 and 2012. It used a web crawler to search for torrent files from other torrent sites and store them on its database. It had nearly 4,000,000 active torrents and about 4,200 torrents added daily (compared to runner-up Torrent Portal with 1,500), making it the largest torrent site indexer on the web in 2006. During 2011, BTJunkie was the 5th most popular BitTorrent site. Features BTJunkie indexed both private and public trackers using an automatic web crawler that scanned the Internet for torrent files. Cookies were used to track what a visitor downloaded so that there was no need to register in order to rate torrents. The ratings and feedback given by people were used to help filter and flag malicious torrents uploaded to the website. Closure On 5 February 2012, BTJunkie announced that it had shut down voluntarily. This was seen as a response to the closure of Megaupload and legal action against The Pirate Bay. The site stated on its main page: "This is the end of the line my friends. The decision does not come easy, but we've decided to voluntarily shut down. We've been fighting for years for your right to communicate, but it's time to move on. It's been an experience of a lifetime, we wish you all the best!" See also Comparison of BitTorrent sites References External links Internet properties established in 2005 Internet properties disestablished in 2012 Defunct BitTorrent websites Notorious markets
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European%20Audiovisual%20Observatory	The European Audiovisual Observatory (, ) is a public service organisation, part of the Council of Europe set up in 1992. The observatory collects and analyses data about the audiovisual industry in Europe, such as cinema, television, radio, video, Video On Demand and Catch-up TV. The observatory's headquarters are located in the Villa Schutzenberger in Strasbourg. Lumiere (database) Lumiere (stylized as LUMIERE) is an online database of ticket sales for films released in 27 European territories, created in cooperation with national information sources and the MEDIA Programme of the European Union. References External links Lumiere 1992 establishments in France Organizations established in 1992 Cultural organizations based in France Council of Europe European cinema Organizations based in Strasbourg Online databases
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed%20file%20system%20%28disambiguation%29	A distributed file system is a file system where data is distributed across multiple nodes. Distributed file system may also refer to: Shared disk file system, a different approach, also known as cluster file system. Distributed File System (Microsoft), the Microsoft distributed file system (DFS) DCE Distributed File System, the distributed file system from The Open Group (and earlier from IBM) Distributed data store
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java%20performance	In software development, the programming language Java was historically considered slower than the fastest 3rd generation typed languages such as C and C++. The main reason being a different language design, where after compiling, Java programs run on a Java virtual machine (JVM) rather than directly on the computer's processor as native code, as do C and C++ programs. Performance was a matter of concern because much business software has been written in Java after the language quickly became popular in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Since the late 1990s, the execution speed of Java programs improved significantly via introduction of just-in-time compilation (JIT) (in 1997 for Java 1.1), the addition of language features supporting better code analysis, and optimizations in the JVM (such as HotSpot becoming the default for Sun's JVM in 2000). Hardware execution of Java bytecode, such as that offered by ARM's Jazelle, was also explored to offer significant performance improvements. The performance of a Java bytecode compiled Java program depends on how optimally its given tasks are managed by the host Java virtual machine (JVM), and how well the JVM exploits the features of the computer hardware and operating system (OS) in doing so. Thus, any Java performance test or comparison has to always report the version, vendor, OS and hardware architecture of the used JVM. In a similar manner, the performance of the equivalent natively compiled program will depend on the quality of its generated machine code, so the test or comparison also has to report the name, version and vendor of the used compiler, and its activated compiler optimization directives. Virtual machine optimization methods Many optimizations have improved the performance of the JVM over time. However, although Java was often the first virtual machine to implement them successfully, they have often been used in other similar platforms as well. Just-in-time compiling Early JVMs always interpreted Java bytecodes. This had a large performance penalty of between a factor 10 and 20 for Java versus C in average applications. To combat this, a just-in-time (JIT) compiler was introduced into Java 1.1. Due to the high cost of compiling, an added system called HotSpot was introduced in Java 1.2 and was made the default in Java 1.3. Using this framework, the Java virtual machine continually analyses program performance for hot spots which are executed frequently or repeatedly. These are then targeted for optimizing, leading to high performance execution with a minimum of overhead for less performance-critical code. Some benchmarks show a 10-fold speed gain by this means. However, due to time constraints, the compiler cannot fully optimize the program, and thus the resulting program is slower than native code alternatives. Adaptive optimizing Adaptive optimizing is a method in computer science that performs dynamic recompilation of parts of a program based on the current execution profile. Wi
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PowerUp%20Forever	PowerUp Forever is a downloadable multi-directional shooter developed by Blitz Arcade and published by Namco Bandai for the Xbox 360 via Xbox Live Arcade and the PlayStation 3 via PlayStation Network. It was released on Xbox Live Arcade on December 10, 2008 and the PlayStation Network on December 11, 2008. The title is a reference to the game Warning Forever, which was one of the influences for the game (the others being Geometry Wars and Katamari Damacy.) Gameplay The player controls a ship, with dual analog controls similar to Robotron 2084 and Geometry Wars; the left thumbstick controls the ship's movement, while the right thumbstick aims the weapon. The player flies in a fluidic space, trying to kill parasites to attract the level boss. Killing the boss awards the player a new ability, such as lasers, plasma arcs, shields and upgraded weaponry. Killing the boss causes the player's ship to grow, causing former enemies to shrink and introducing new enemies from the background to the fore, similar to Spore's Cellular phase. Reception IGN awarded PowerUp Forever a 6.5 of 10, praising its unique look, calling it "part Schizoid, part Geometry Wars, and part Flow", but criticized the relative lack of variety in gameplay. References External links PowerUp Forever at IGN 2008 video games Multidirectional shooters Bandai Namco games PlayStation 3 games PlayStation Network games Video games developed in the United Kingdom Xbox 360 Live Arcade games Blitz Games Studios games Single-player video games
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Against%20the%20Storm	Against the Storm is a radio daytime drama which had three separate runs over a 13-year period; the initial run was on the NBC Red Network from October 16, 1939, to December 25, 1942, with revivals of the series on Mutual from April 25 to October 21, 1949, and ABC from October 1, 1951, to June 27, 1952. Created and written by Sandra Michael, the drama was the only daytime radio serial to ever win a Peabody Award, for "Outstanding Entertainment in Drama" in 1941. The program pivoted around the activities of Professor Jason McKinley Allen (Roger DeKoven, who starred in all three runs), his wife, daughters and friends. Allen, who lived in Hawthorne, Connecticut, at Deep Pool Farm, taught classes at the fictional Harper University. With Allen an outspoken pacifist, war resistance and the dangers of fascism were underlying themes, and his position as a professor made it possible for Sandra Michael to incorporate literature and poetry readings into her storylines. In one memorable episode, a shortwave broadcast from England enabled real-life Poet Laureate John Masefield to speak in Allen's fictional classroom. Axel Gruenberg directed Sandra Michael's scripts. The show's theme music was by Alfred Newman, taken from his score for The Song of Bernadette. Variety praised a 1941 episode about a girl refugee seeing the skyscrapers of Manhattan as "one of the most distinguished and stirring broadcasts in the history of commercial daytime radio." The serial's title was taken from King Lear: "... disconnect in watching Lear rage against the storm in a sun-drenched redwood... His rage against the storm and decline into madness are laced with lightning..." References Listen to See also List of radio soaps American radio soap operas 1930s American radio programs 1940s American radio programs 1950s American radio programs Peabody Award-winning radio programs Connecticut in fiction NBC radio programs Mutual Broadcasting System programs ABC radio programs
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent%20Public%20Service%20Network	The Kent Public Service Network (KPSN) is a Public Services Network that provides connectivity to Kent and Medway. It was built upon the Kent Community Network (KCN), which provided the broadband wide area network (WAN) for schools and Kent County Council facilities in Kent, United Kingdom. History Kent Community Network Kent schools first used the Internet in 1985 for international email projects. Kent County Council's NGfL programme of 1998 provided every primary and special school with an Internet-connected laptop computer and provided networked access to secondary schools. DfES made Kent an ICT Pathfinder authority. KCN currently provided broadband to over 540 schools. Internet connectivity was provided by two 2.5 Gbit/s connections, which terminate at the Maidstone and Canterbury WAN centres; these links were provided by KentMAN, a JANET service provider. The Kent Community Network provided broadband connectivity to every part of Kent, whether urban, rural or coastal. It aims to connect every secondary, primary and special school using a high-capacity connection which usually means optical fiber cable to the school. The Kent Community Network provided Websense filtering to member schools. Kent Public Service Network KPSN began to be built from the KCN infrastructure in 2008. The Public Services Network provides connectivity to Kent and Medway. References External links Internet in England Regional academic computer networks in the United Kingdom Science and technology in Kent
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-C%20%28programming%20language%29	Single Assignment C (SA-C) (pronounced "sassy") is a member of the C programming language family designed to be directly and intuitively translatable into circuits, including FPGAs. To ease translation, SA-C does not include pointers and arithmetics thereon. To retain most of the expressiveness of C, SA-C instead features true n-dimensional arrays as first-class objects of the language. See also Mitrionics References External links SA-C homepage Initial paper describing SA-C Array programming languages C programming language family
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACFS	ACFS may refer to: ASM Cluster File System, in computing Advisory Council of Faculty Senates, Florida, US See also ACF (disambiguation)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ready%2C%20Set%2C%20Go%21%20%28software%29	Ready, Set, Go! is a software package for desktop publishing. Originally developed for Apple Computer's Macintosh by Manhattan Graphics, it became one of the earliest desktop-publishing packages available for that platform. It was often compared with QuarkXPress and Aldus PageMaker in comparative magazine reviews. It was later acquired by Diwan and is still available today for the Microsoft Windows platform. See also Adobe InDesign Adobe PageMaker Quark Xpress References External links Ready, Set, Go! page at Diwan Desktop publishing software Desktop publishing software for macOS Desktop publishing software for Windows
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Coulouris%20%28computer%20scientist%29	George F. Coulouris is a British computer scientist and the son of actor George Coulouris. He is an emeritus professor of Queen Mary, University of London and is currently Visiting Professor in Residence at University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory. He is co-author of a textbook on distributed systems. He was instrumental in the development of ICL's Content Addressable File Store (CAFS) and he developed em, the Unix editor, which inspired Bill Joy to write vi. Education In 1960 George Coulouris graduated with an honours degree in Physics from University College London. Career Colouris worked at IBM and other companies before joining the London Institute of Computer Science as a Research Assistant and then Imperial College London as a lecturer in 1965. In 1971 he joined Queen Mary College as a lecturer. He became a reader in 1973 and a professor in 1978. He retired from Queen Mary in 1998, and has been a visiting professor at the University of Cambridge since. Family Prof Coulouris's name is of Greek heritage, as he is the son of actor George Coulouris, whose father was a Greek immigrant to Britain married to an English woman. George Coulouris's sister was artist Mary Louise Coulouris. References External links Home page at Cambridge Alumni of University College London Academics of Imperial College London Academics of Queen Mary University of London Academics of the University of Cambridge Living people English people of Greek descent 1937 births
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CBDB	CBDB may refer to: China Biographical Database (CBDB), a joint project of Harvard University, Peking University, and Academic Sinica CBDB (band), an American Band from Tuscaloosa, AL CBDB (AM), a radio rebroadcaster (990 AM) licensed to Watson Lake, Yukon, Canada, rebroadcasting CFWH See also Comic Book Database
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anasazi%20%28The%20X-Files%29	"Anasazi" is the twenty-fifth episode and season finale of the second season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network on . It was written by series creator Chris Carter based on a story he developed with lead actor David Duchovny. The episode was directed by R. W. Goodwin, and featured guest appearances by Peter Donat, Nicholas Lea, Mitch Pileggi and Floyd Red Crow Westerman. The episode helped explore the overarching mythology, or fictional history of The X-Files. "Anasazi" earned a Nielsen household rating of 10.1, being watched by 9.6 million households in its initial broadcast; and received positive reviews from critics. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. In this episode, Mulder and Scully come into possession of a tape containing classified government files, and attempt to decipher its contents. Meanwhile, Mulder's mental health begins to deteriorate, and a mysterious corpse is discovered on a New Mexico reservation. "Anasazi" is part of a three-episode storyline, with the plot carrying on in the third season episodes "The Blessing Way" and "Paper Clip". Series creator Chris Carter worked closely with series star David Duchovny, who shares a story credit with Carter for the episode. Because the series was filmed in Vancouver, the producers painted a disused quarry in Vancouver with of red paint and also composited in images shot in New Mexico and a blue sky in order to make the New Mexico rock quarry featured in the episode. Plot In the desert on a Navajo Indian reservation in New Mexico, a teenage boy comes across a boxcar buried in the ground. He retrieves the corpse of an alien-like figure from the boxcar, which he takes back to the reservation and presents to the residents, including a Navajo elder named Albert Hosteen. Shortly afterward, Kenneth Soona, a computer hacker known as "The Thinker", breaks into the Defense Department database and downloads secret files related to extraterrestrial life, putting them onto a digital tape. When the Syndicate, a secretive group of government officials, learns of the breach, the Smoking Man tells them that he has already resolved the matter, although this is a lie; in fact, notification of such a development was "the phone call [he] never wanted to get." The Lone Gunmen visit Mulder and inform him that Soona wants to meet with him and are interrupted by the sound of a gunshot. When Mulder goes out to his apartment hallway to investigate, he finds that one of his neighbors has shot her husband. Soona gives the digital tape to Mulder at a discreet meeting in a park. An excited Mulder returns to FBI headquarters, only to find that the tape is encrypted. Scully believes the encryption is based on the Navajo language and takes the tape in order to investigate. When Skinner calls Mulder to his office to question him
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Blessing%20Way%20%28The%20X-Files%29	"The Blessing Way" is the first episode of the third season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network on . It was directed by R.W. Goodwin, and written by series creator Chris Carter. "The Blessing Way" featured guest appearances by Floyd Red Crow Westerman, Peter Donat and Jerry Hardin, and introduced John Neville as the Well-Manicured Man. The episode helped explore the overarching mythology, or fictional history of The X-Files. "The Blessing Way" earned a Nielsen household rating of 12.3, being watched by 19.94 million people in its initial broadcast. The episode received mixed-to-positive reviews from critics. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. In this episode, Mulder is found near death on a Navajo reservation, and is nursed back to health by the tribe, led by Albert Hosteen (Westerman). Meanwhile, Scully investigates an implant found in her neck, and fears that her life—and those of her family—may be in danger. "The Blessing Way" is part of a three-episode storyline, carrying on from the second season finale "Anasazi", and continuing in the next episode, "Paper Clip". Series creator Chris Carter, who called the episode one of his favorite episodes to write, created the episode as a way to explore how the character of Fox Mulder would react to the death of his father. The episode contained several elaborate special effects; effects producer Mat Beck considered the sequence where Mulder has a vision of his father and Deep Throat to be one of the most difficult of the season. Plot In Two Grey Hills, New Mexico, Albert Hosteen (Floyd Red Crow Westerman) and his family are beaten by the Men in Black as they search for the whereabouts of Fox Mulder (David Duchovny). Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) is pursued by a black helicopter before soldiers retrieve her printed copies of Albert's translations of the digital tape, but they cannot find the original. Scully denies having the original tape, saying it is in Mulder's possession. Upon returning to Washington, the FBI puts Scully on mandatory leave and forces her to turn in her badge and gun. Upon entering Mulder's office, she finds the tape missing. Meanwhile, in New York City, The Smoking Man (William B. Davis) appears before the Syndicate, who question him over the whereabouts of the tape. Mulder, alive but severely wounded, is found buried under some rocks near the buried boxcar. Hosteen has Mulder taken to a Navajo sweat lodge to be healed during a "Blessing Way" ritual. During the ritual, Mulder has ghostly visions of Deep Throat and his father, who urge him to recover and continue his search for the truth. Melvin Frohike visits Scully's apartment and shows her a newspaper article about Kenneth Soona's murder. When she returns to FBI headquarters, the metal detector curiously goes off. Scully presents Skinner
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Simons	John Simons (John Potts) is a British radio executive, former group programming director for GMG Radio now working as an International Radio Consultant, mainly in Europe, Africa and the Middle East. Biography Simons began his career in 1979, before fronting the Breakfast Show on Radio Tees from 1983 to 1986 (where he was also head of music), and moving to BBC Radio Nottingham where he presented the mid-morning show and afternoon drive show from 1987 to 1994. In 1994 he was invited to be part of the team who launched Century Radio in Gateshead as programme director, assisting the managing director John Myers. The Century brand with a high speech content ratio became successful, with other stations subsequently launched in Nottingham and Salford. At the North East Century he hosted the Afternoon show as well as the Lunch Time Phone-In and the Sunday lunchtime light-entertainment show called The Crazy Gardening Show with gardening experts Adam (Malcolm) Edon and Gary Philipson. In 1997 he became programme director of national speech station Talk Radio UK, which was then attracting 2.1 million listeners, and saw an increase to 2.8 million listeners under his tenure. He left when Kelvin MacKenzie took over the station after CLT sold to the Mirror Group in November 1998, and was escorted from the building by security officers on the takeover. He then moved onto London's LBC programming an all talk and phone-in format with which he had become so familiar. He then returned to mainly music radio on BBC Radio 2 where he was drafted in to work on music policy by the Controller Jim Moir and his Deputy Lesley Douglas. In 2000 he was then invited to become the group programme director for GMG Radio, by the then chief executive, his former Century boss and colleague from Radio Tees days John Myers. GMG first launched, Real Radio in South Wales, the most successful of regional radio station launches and its Scottish equivalent formerly Scot FM bought for around £25 Million became yet again the most listened to radio station in Scotland in just two years. The Group grew quickly launching Real Radio Yorkshire followed by the acquisition of Jazz FM in London and the North West and then Saga Radio in the East & West Midlands, Glasgow and the North East. This made GMG Radio the third biggest commercial radio group in the UK. In May 2004 Simons was awarded the Sony Radio Academy Gold Award for Programmer of the Year. In October 2006, the group acquired the Century brand from GCap Media, and in December 2006 Simons received a Fellowship from The Radio Academy, "an award to recognise individuals who have made outstanding contributions to the industry." On 25 June 2012 it was announced Global Radio (the owner of stations such as Capital and Heart) had bought GMG Radio, however the former will continue to operate separately until a regulatory review is carried out, Real Radio is thought to integrate into Heart. John left Real and Smooth Radio at the end of 2013
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20districts%20and%20counties%20of%20Incheon	Incheon is divided into 8 districts("gu") and 2 counties ("gun"). Districts Districts with population data from 2015: References See also Incheon Administrative divisions of South Korea Incheon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20List%20%28The%20X-Files%29	"The List" is the fifth episode of the third season of the science fiction television series The X-Files. It was first broadcast in the United States on the Fox network on October 20, 1995. "The List" was written and directed by series creator Chris Carter. The episode is a "Monster-of-the-Week" story, a stand-alone plot which is unconnected to the series' larger mythology. "The List" received a Nielson household rating of 10.8, being watched by 16.72 million people on its initial broadcast, and received mixed to positive reviews from critics. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. Mulder is a believer in the paranormal, while the skeptical Scully has been assigned to debunk his work. In this episode, Mulder and Scully investigate a case where a death row inmate declares that he will be reincarnated and that as a result five men will die. "The List" was written and directed by Carter after the success of the second season episode "Duane Barry". The art department of The X-Files was tasked with creating a death row set quickly, a feat which eventually caused the episode to go over budget. Several sequences necessitated the use of real maggots, a turn of events that was not popular with the cast, most notably with Anderson. "The List" later was nominated—and won—several International Monitor Awards. Plot Napoleon "Neech" Manley (Badja Djola), a death row inmate at a Floridian prison, is brought to the electric chair. Before he is executed, Neech proclaims that he will be reincarnated and avenge himself against five men who tormented him in prison. Shortly after the execution, Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) investigate the prison after a guard is mysteriously found dead in Neech's cell. The agents meet the prison's warden, Brodeur (J. T. Walsh), who believes that Neech planned the guard's murder with someone on the outside before the execution. John Speranza, another inmate, believes that Neech has returned. When Scully explores the prison's showers, she meets another guard named Vincent Parmelly (Ken Foree). He claims that another prisoner, Roque (Bokeem Woodbine), is keeping a list of the remaining four victims. Later, the head of another guard, Fornier, is found inside a paint can. An examination of the head shows the premature appearance of larvae. The prison coroner tells Scully that the first guard's lungs were completely infested with the larvae, belonging to the green bottle fly. Meanwhile, Mulder talks to Roque, who wants a transfer out of the prison in exchange for revealing the remaining three people on the list, but Brodeur refuses to let this happen. Brodeur later finds Fornier's headless body in his office. While searching Neech's cell, Mulder discovers evidence of his obsession with reincarnation. The agents talk to Neech's fearful widow, Danielle Manley (April Grace), who is
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2Shy	"2Shy" is the sixth episode of the third season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network on November 3, 1995. It was written by Jeff Vlaming, directed by David Nutter, and featured guest appearances by Timothy Carhart and James Handy. The episode is a "Monster-of-the-Week" story, a stand-alone plot which is unconnected to the series' wider mythology. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. In this episode, Mulder and Scully investigate a spate of "lonely hearts" murders targeting overweight women. The two eventually discover a mutant killer who is extracting the body fat from his victims after seducing them over online chat rooms. The episode was the first one of the series to be written by Vlaming. "2Shy" also marked Steve Kiziak's first appearance as Duchovny's body double. The episode was viewed by almost people in its initial broadcast, and drew mixed reviews from critics. Although director Nutter based the gory scenes in "2Shy" on the earlier episode "The Host", the episode has drawn comparisons to "Squeeze" and "Irresistible". Plot In Cleveland, a couple sit flirting in a car at night, having met over the Internet. The man, the charismatic and handsome Virgil Incanto (Timothy Carhart), suffocates his overweight date, Lauren, with a gelatinous substance he spits up. The next morning, a policeman finds Lauren's body, covered in the substance. Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) are called in to investigate, as the victim's description seems similar to those of other victims of a lonely hearts killer still at large. Scully attempts to perform an autopsy on Lauren's body, only to find that it has liquified with only a skeleton remaining. Scully later discerns that the substance coating the body is a concentrated digestive enzyme, and that the remains are lacking in body fat. Incanto prowls an online chatroom, arranging to meet with a similarly overweight woman named Ellen Kaminsky (Catherine Paolone). Incanto is interrupted by his landlord Monica Landis, who believes he is a writer and who is romantically interested in him. He ignores her and resumes chatting. Elsewhere, Mulder learns that Lauren met a man in a chatroom, and researches Incanto's online accounts. They find that he had started one account using a credit card taken from a previous victim. Kaminsky stands up Incanto while he waits at a restaurant. He leaves, murdering a slightly overweight prostitute who injures him in a struggle. Incanto is forced to flee before he can fully dissolve the body. At the autopsy, Scully finds that the body's airways are choked with the same substance that dissolved Lauren. A forensic lab report reveals that the skin under the victim's nails contains no oils or fatty acids, convincing Mulder that the killer is sucking body fat from his victims.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traversal	Traversal may refer to: Graph traversal, checking and/or changing each vertex in a graph Tree traversal, checking and/or changing each node in a tree data structure NAT traversal, establishing and maintaining Internet protocol connections in a computer network, across gateways that implement network address translation See also Traverse (disambiguation)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oubliette%20%28The%20X-Files%29	"Oubliette" is the eighth episode of the third season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files, and originally aired on the Fox network on November 17, 1995. Written by Charles Grant Craig and directed by Kim Manners, "Oubliette" is a "monster of the week" story, unconnected to the series' wider mythology. It earned a Nielsen rating of 10.5 and was watched by 15.90 million people on its initial broadcast. The episode received positive reviews. Both the emotional nature of the story and David Duchovny's performance received positive critical attention. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. Mulder is a believer in the paranormal, while the skeptical Scully has been assigned to debunk his work. In the installment, a teenager named Amy is kidnapped and imprisoned by a mentally unstable photographer. Mulder discovers a psychic connection between the recently kidnapped victim and Lucy, another girl kidnapped by the same man years ago. He attempts to use the connection to help solve the investigation, but discovers that the event may be too traumatic for Lucy to handle. "Oubliette" is the only X-Files screenplay written by Craig, who exited the writing staff before the entry was produced. The extensive outdoor filming led to several difficulties for the production crew. Amy was 12 years old in the original screenplay. The Fox network was concerned her situation was an uncomfortable parallel to the recent Polly Klaas case, resulting in her age being increased before filming could begin. Critics have complimented the thematic resonance of the kidnapping and its effect on Mulder. Plot In Seattle, photography assistant Carl Wade (Michael Chieffo) watches as 15-year-old Amy Jacobs (Jewel Staite) is photographed for school picture day. He becomes obsessed with her following the event, eventually kidnapping her. Her younger sister is the only witness to the incident, which takes place in their bedroom in the middle of the night. At exactly the same time, fast food worker Lucy Householder (Tracey Ellis) collapses with a nosebleed. Agent Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) investigates Amy's disappearance, drawn to the case because his younger sister, Samantha, was kidnapped in a similar situation. The investigation leads Mulder to Lucy, who was taken from her bedroom at age eight, twenty two years before, and held in a dark basement for five years before she escaped. Mulder's partner Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) suspects that Lucy may be connected to Amy's disappearance, based on her long criminal record and the fact that her nosebleed contained not only her blood type, but Amy's as well. In her room at a halfway house, scratches appear on Lucy's face and she experiences temporary blindness—injuries identical to Amy's, who is being tortured in the basement of Wade's cabin. The two develop an unexplainable psychic connection; e
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nisei%20%28The%20X-Files%29	"Nisei" is the ninth episode of the third season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network on . It was directed by David Nutter, and written by Chris Carter, Frank Spotnitz and Howard Gordon. "Nisei" featured guest appearances by Steven Williams, Raymond J. Barry and Stephen McHattie. The episode helped explore the series' overarching mythology. "Nisei" earned a Nielsen household rating of 9.8, being watched by 16.36 million people in its initial broadcast. The episode received largely positive reviews from critics. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. In this episode, Mulder and Scully investigate the origins of an alien autopsy Mulder believes is real. The investigation uncovers Japanese involvement and sees Mulder smuggle himself onto a secret cargo train to find out more. "Nisei" is a two-part episode, with the plot continuing in the next episode, "731". Inspired by the atrocities committed by Unit 731, a Japanese research program during World War II, "Nisei" was originally intended to be a stand-alone mythology episode, but was lengthened into two separate parts. The episode featured several scenes that required stunt work, which David Duchovny performed himself. The episode's title refers to the term nisei, meaning the son or daughter of an Issei couple born outside Japan. Plot In Knoxville, Tennessee, a mysterious train car is left in a rail yard. After dark, a group of Japanese scientists enter the car and conduct an autopsy on an alien body. The scene is recorded and transmitted via satellite. Suddenly, a strike team storms the car and kills the scientists, taking the alien corpse away in a body bag. Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) purchases an edited video of the autopsy. He believes the tape is authentic, but Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) is skeptical. When the agents go to Allentown, Pennsylvania, to track down the distributor of the tape, they find him murdered. At the scene, they pursue and capture a Japanese man, Kazuo Sakurai, who is identified as a high-ranking diplomat. Walter Skinner appears and orders Sakurai released. Before doing so, Mulder searches his briefcase (which he did not turn in to the authorities) and finds both a list of Mutual UFO Network members and satellite images of a ship. The Lone Gunmen identify the ship as the Talapus, a salvage vessel docked in Newport News, Virginia. Meanwhile, Sakurai is killed by an assassin called the Red-Haired Man. Scully investigates the MUFON group, discovering several women who claim to recognize her from her abduction experience. They have similar implants to Scully's, and inform her that they are all dying of cancer. Meanwhile, Mulder goes to the Newport News shipyard and searches the Talapus. Armed men arrive and scour the ship, but Mulder manages to escape. That night, he discovers a warehouse wh
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM%20Office/36	Office/36 was a suite of applications marketed by IBM from 1983 to 2000 for the IBM System/36 family of midrange computers. IBM announced its System/36 Office Automation (OA) strategy in 1985. Office/36 could be purchased in its entirety, or piecemeal. Components of Office/36 include: IDDU/36, the Interactive Data Definition Utility. Query/36, the Query utility. DisplayWrite/36, a word processing program. Personal Services/36, a calendaring system and an office messaging utility. Query/36 was not quite the same as SQL, but it had some similarities, especially the ability to very rapidly create a displayed recordset from a disk file. Note that SQL, also an IBM development, had not been standardized prior to 1986. DisplayWrite/36, in the same category as Microsoft Word, had online dictionaries and definition capabilities, and spell-check, and unlike the standard S/36 products, it would straighten spillover text and scroll in real time. Considerable changes were required to S/36 design to support Office/36 functionality, not the least of which was the capability to manage new container objects called "folders" and produce multiple extents to them on demand. Q/36 and DW/36 typically exceeded the 64K program limit of the S/36, both in editing and printing, so using Office products could heavily impact other applications. DW/36 allowed use of bold, underline, and other display formatting characteristics in real time. References Business software Office 36 Email systems Discontinued software
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/731%20%28The%20X-Files%29	"731" is the tenth episode of the third season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network on . It was directed by Rob Bowman, and written by Frank Spotnitz. "731" featured guest appearances by Stephen McHattie, Steven Williams and Don S. Williams. The episode helps explore the series' overarching mythology. "731" earned a Nielsen household rating of 12, being watched by 17.68 million people in its initial broadcast. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. In this episode, Mulder risks his life infiltrating a train carrying a human-alien hybrid. Meanwhile, Scully tries to uncover the truth about her abduction. "731" is the second half of a two-part episode, continuing the plot from the previous episode, "Nisei". The production of "731" involved several stunts, including the explosion of a retired railway car. The episode's production was successful for two members of the crew—earning director of photography John Bartley an American Society of Cinematographers award nomination for his work, and securing Bowman the job of directing the series' subsequent film adaptation, The X-Files. Plot In Perkey, West Virginia, a group of US Army soldiers arrives at an abandoned leprosy research compound, seizing most of the patients. One patient, Escalante, hides beneath a trapdoor during the arrival and follows the group to a secluded field nearby. He watches as the soldiers shoot the other patients, who are all apparent alien-human hybrids, into a mass grave. Fox Mulder loses his cell phone after jumping on top of the moving train, losing contact with Dana Scully. When questioned by Scully, X tells her to analyze her implant, saying that it will give her answers about the train and her sister Melissa's murder. Meanwhile, Mulder enters the train and finds that the secret railcar is quarantined and protected by a security system. He searches for Zama, enlisting the train conductor for help. In Zama's compartment, they find hand-written journals in Japanese. However, elsewhere on the train, the Red-Haired Man intercepts and strangles Zama. Scully sees Pendrell, who tells her that the implant contains highly advanced technology that can replicate the brain's memory functions and enable someone to know a person's very thoughts. The manufacturer of the chip was Zama, who created the implant at the West Virginia compound. Scully travels there, meeting a group of deformed patients who have eluded the "death squads." Escalante tells her that the patients were experimented on by Zama, who departed long ago; since then, the death squads have set out to massacre them. Escalante shows her the mass grave but is killed when US Army soldiers arrive to capture Scully, who is delivered to the First Elder. Mulder returns to the railcar, seeing its door ajar; an alien-human test subject is locked in a
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revelations%20%28The%20X-Files%29	"Revelations" is the eleventh episode of the third season of the science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network on December 15, 1995. It was written by Kim Newton and directed by David Nutter. The episode is a "Monster-of-the-Week" story, unconnected to the series' wider mythology. "Revelations" earned a Nielsen household rating of 10, being watched by 15.25 million people in its initial broadcast. The episode received mixed to positive reviews. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. Mulder is a believer in the paranormal, while the skeptical Scully has been assigned to debunk his work. In this episode, Mulder and Scully investigate a case where fake stigmatics are being murdered. When a boy shows signs of being a real stigmatic, Mulder and Scully attempt to protect him, fearing that he will be the latest victim. "Revelations" became a minor storyline milestone for the series with the exploration of Scully's faith as a Roman Catholic. Throughout the remainder of the series, her Catholic faith served as a cornerstone, although at times a contradiction to her otherwise rigid skepticism of the paranormal. Furthermore, while Mulder is usually the believer and Scully is usually the skeptic, "Revelations" features a role reversal with Scully becoming the believer and Mulder becoming the skeptic, a move that Duchovny called "a refreshing change of pace." Plot A minister named Reverend Patrick Findley (R. Lee Ermey) in Waynesburg, Pennsylvania fakes stigmatic injuries to his hands during a sermon. Afterwards, Reverend Findley is visited by a white-haired man named Simon Gates, who strangles him—his hands smoking while he does so. Agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) investigate the case. Mulder says that the minister was the eleventh fake stigmatic who has been killed over the past three years in a series of international murders. Meanwhile, at an elementary school in Loveland, Ohio, a boy, Kevin Kryder starts bleeding from the palms of his hands. The agents arrive and meet with a social worker, who claims that Kevin has suffered injuries before and that his father was institutionalized, adding that Kevin was in danger from evil forces. The agents visit Kevin's father, who claims that his son is the chosen one and that evil forces will come to kill him as part of a great war "between good and evil". Kevin is abducted by a strange-looking bald man. Kevin's mother recognizes the man's description as that of Owen Jarvis (Michael Berryman), who had done yard work for the family in the past. Owen claims to be Kevin's guardian angel. As the agents arrive, Kevin mysteriously disappears. Owen claims he was asked by God to protect Kevin and criticizes Scully for her faith not being as strong as his. Owen jumps out the window and escapes. Kevin arrives at his home and is pu
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War%20of%20the%20Coprophages	"War of the Coprophages" is the twelfth episode of the third season of the science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network on January 5, 1996. It was written by Darin Morgan, and directed by Kim Manners. The episode is a "Monster-of-the-Week" story, a stand-alone plot which is unconnected to the series' wider mythology. "War of the Coprophages" earned a Nielsen household rating of 10.1, being watched by 16.32 million people in its initial broadcast. The episode received mostly positive reviews from critics, who praised its humorous tone. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. In this episode, Mulder investigates a small town plagued by deaths in which the bodies are found covered in cockroaches. Working from home, Scully has scientific explanations for all of them, but Mulder—at the crime scene with an attractive bug expert—suspects the insects may not be organic, or earthly. "War of the Coprophages" was Darin Morgan's third episode, after the second-season episode "Humbug" and season three's "Clyde Bruckman's Final Repose". In order to achieve the effect of a cockroach infestation, the show used around three hundred cockroaches for the episode in addition to extremely detailed rubber cockroach props and "piles and piles" of faux-dung. The episode's title is a reference to the famous novel The War of the Worlds by H.G. Wells, as well as its 1938 radio adaptation by Orson Welles. The character Dr. Berenbaum is named for entomologist May Berenbaum. Plot In Miller's Grove, Massachusetts, an exterminator inspects the basement of Dr. Jeff Eckerle, having been hired to eradicate a cockroach infestation. The exterminator sprays a roach, knocks it down to the ground, and attempts to crush it underfoot. However, upon doing so, he begins to succumb to anaphylaxis, clutching his heart and collapsing against a wall, while the roach crawls out from under his boot, unscathed. When Eckerle returns, he finds the exterminator's body covered with roaches. Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) is coincidentally nearby, investigating reported UFO sightings in Miller's Grove. While on the phone with Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson), Mulder is approached by the local sheriff, Frass, who reveals that a series of "roach attacks" have taken place in the town. Frass allows Mulder onto the scene at Eckerle's residence. Elsewhere in town, a trio of teenagers drink beer and huff fumes generated from heated manure. One of them sees a roach crawl into an open wound on his wrist, and in an attempt to extricate the insect, he begins to frantically slice his skin with a razor, leading him to sever an artery and ultimately bleed to death. At the scene, Mulder talks over the phone with Scully, who explains that it is likely a case of drug-induced delusional parasitosis, though Mulder finds a cockroach on the underside of a piece of furni
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grotesque%20%28The%20X-Files%29	"Grotesque" is the fourteenth episode of the third season of the science fiction television series The X-Files and the show's 63rd episode overall. It premiered on the Fox network in the United States on February 2, 1996. It was written by Howard Gordon and directed by Kim Manners. The episode is a "Monster-of-the-Week" story, unconnected to the series' wider mythology. "Grotesque" earned a Nielsen household rating of 11.6, being watched by 18.32 million people in its initial broadcast. The episode received mostly positive reviews from television critics. The show centers on FBI Special Agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. Mulder is a conspiracy theorist and a believer in the paranormal, while the skeptical Scully, a medical doctor, has been assigned to debunk his work. In this episode, Mulder and Scully work with Mulder's former mentor and the FBI's chief profiler, Special Agent Bill Patterson investigate a serial killer who claims a gargoyle spirit possessed him and committed the crimes. When Mulder joins the case, his obsession with solving it causes Scully to question his sanity. Gordon was inspired to write the episode after walking down the streets of New York and seeing several stone gargoyles on the corner, staring at him. Gordon developed the concept with series creator Chris Carter, who suggested the addition of more psychological aspects to the episode. Originally, the teaser was planned to be filmed at a Catholic hospital, but the shot was relocated to the site of a historic post office after concerns were raised about attaching a fake gargoyle to the building. Plot At George Washington University, a group of artists sketch a nude male model. However, one of the artists, John Mostow (Levani Outchaneichvili), draws a demonic creature in the model's place. While using a utility knife to sharpen his pencil, he cuts his hand and smears his blood on the drawing. When the model reaches his car after the session, he is attacked and killed by an obscured assailant. The following morning, Mostow is arrested in his apartment by an FBI task force led by Special Agent Bill Patterson (Kurtwood Smith), who finds the utility knife used in the murder covered in blood. Mostow, an immigrant from Uzbekistan with a history of involuntary commitment, is charged with killing seven men by mutilating their faces. Special Agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) become involved in the investigation when Mostow insists that he was possessed during the killings; his claims are given credence when another murder occurs after his arrest. Mostow draws a gargoyle and claims it made him kill. The agents meet with Patterson, who has spent three years working the case. Mulder knows Patterson from his time in the Investigative Support Unit at Quantico. Their relationship is tense, and Patterson is skeptical of Mulder's theories. Mulder and Scu
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apocrypha%20%28The%20X-Files%29	"Apocrypha" is the sixteenth episode of the third season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network on . It was directed by Kim Manners, and written by Frank Spotnitz and series creator Chris Carter. "Apocrypha" included appearances by John Neville, Don S. Williams and Brendan Beiser. The episode helped to explore the overarching mythology, or fictional history of The X-Files. "Apocrypha" earned a Nielsen household rating of 10.8, being watched by 16.71 million people in its initial broadcast. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. In this episode, Mulder returns from Hong Kong, having found rogue agent Alex Krycek (Nicholas Lea) while investigating a mysterious mind-altering black oil. Meanwhile, Scully pursues the man who she believes killed her sister. "Apocrypha" is the second part of a two-part episode, continuing the plot from the previous episode, "Piper Maru". "Apocrypha" was the first mythology-centered episode to be directed by Manners, and made use of a mixture of physical and digital effects to create the episode's antagonistic black oil. The episode's sets were also augmented with digital effects, amplifying what could be constructed within the given budget. Plot On August 19, 1953, a burned crewman talks to three government agents about his experience on the submarine Zeus Faber, completing the story told in the previous episode. He explains that he and other crew members were locked in with their captain, who was infected by the black oil. After being knocked out from behind, the black oil leaves the captain's body and exits via a grate into the sea. It is revealed that Bill Mulder and the Smoking Man are two of the agents who are interviewing the crewman. In the present, Fox Mulder and Alex Krycek return to the United States, but are run off the road by another vehicle. The assailants attempt to apprehend Krycek, but are severely injured when he emits a flashing light. The Smoking Man sees their bodies and orders their destruction. Mulder, who was knocked unconscious in the crash, awakens in the hospital. Dana Scully tells Mulder about Walter Skinner's condition, and says that an analysis of saliva has identified his shooter as the same person who killed her sister Melissa. The Syndicate meets to discuss the events surrounding the Piper Maru and realizes someone is leaking information. Meanwhile, Skinner tells Scully that he recognizes his shooter as the man who was with Krycek when the digital tape was stolen from him. Mulder believes that the oil found on the diving suit and Gauthier is a medium used by an alien to transfer from body to body, and that Krycek is currently occupied by it. Mulder and the Lone Gunmen use Krycek's key to recover the tape from a locker at an ice rink, but Mulder finds the case empty. Krycek returns the tape to the Smoking
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pusher%20%28The%20X-Files%29	"Pusher" is the seventeenth episode of the third season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. It originally aired on the Fox network on February 23, 1996, and was written by Vince Gilligan and directed by Rob Bowman. The episode is a "Monster-of-the-Week" story, unconnected to the series' wider mythology, or overarching fictional history of The X-Files. "Pusher" earned a Nielsen household rating of 10.8, being watched by 16.2 million viewers in its initial broadcast. "Pusher" received overwhelmingly positive reviews from television critics. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. In this episode, Mulder and Scully’s assistance is requested for a case involving a man, who goes by the pseudonym "Pusher", seemingly capable of bending people to his will. The suspect uses his mysterious abilities to manipulate Mulder into a dangerous end game. "Pusher" was crafted by Gilligan with the intention to feature a tense cat and mouse game between Mulder and Pusher. The final scene, featuring a game of Russian roulette, was met with some resistance from the network. The standards and practices department argued that, because the game had never been featured on a television series before, it was unsuitable for broadcast. Several actors were considered for the role of Modell, including Lance Henriksen, who went on to play the lead role in Millennium, but Robert Wisden was eventually selected for the role. Plot Robert Patrick Modell (Robert Wisden) walks through a supermarket, buying a large supply of protein supplement beverages. Before he can leave, Modell is surrounded and arrested by FBI agents led by Frank Burst (Vic Polizos). While being escorted away in a police car, he repeatedly talks about the color cerulean blue, repeatedly stating "Cerulean blue is a gentle breeze." Modell's talking seemingly causes the driver to not see an approaching semi-trailer truck of that color, causing a collision. Modell escapes after the driver unlocks his handcuffs before dying. Burst, the only surviving agent of the crash, tells Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) about his pursuit of Modell—nicknamed "Pusher"—who has committed a series of contract killings over the past two years, making the acts appear to be suicide. Mulder spots the word "ronin" written at the crime scene, and tracks down Modell's classified advertisement in a mercenary magazine. Mulder believes that Modell has the psychic ability to "push" people to do his will. Using the phone number in the ad, the agents track down Modell to a golf course in Falls Church, Virginia, where he makes a SWAT lieutenant pour gasoline on himself and then set himself on fire. Mulder finds Modell exhausted in a car nearby, arresting him. During his arraignment, Modell uses his ability to make the judge let him go. The agents look into Modell's past
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teso%20Dos%20Bichos	"Teso Dos Bichos" is the eighteenth episode of the third season of the science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network on March 8, 1996. It was written by John Shiban, and directed by Kim Manners. The episode is a "Monster-of-the-Week" story, unconnected to the series' wider mythology. "Teso Dos Bichos" earned a Nielsen household rating of 10.7, being watched by 17.38 million people in its initial broadcast. The episode received mostly negative reviews. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. In this episode, Mulder and Scully investigate a series of deaths that occur immediately after an ancient artifact is brought to Boston from an excavation site in South America. According to Scully, the deaths appear to be the result of political terrorism, but Mulder suspects something more improbable. The production for "Teso Dos Bichos", which was strongly disliked by the cast and crew of The X-Files, was plagued by several issues. Director Kim Manners, who had particular disdain for the episode, later made T-shirts and gave them to the cast and crew that read "'Teso Dos Bichos' Survivor". The episode's title translates from archaic Portuguese into English as "Burial Mound of Small Animals," although other translations have been proposed. Plot At an archaeological dig in the Ecuadorian highlands, two archaeologists, Dr. Bilac and Dr. Roosevelt, get into an argument over the removal of a burial urn that contains an Amaru, or a female shaman. Roosevelt argues that the urn must be taken from the site and preserved in a museum, much to the chagrin of Bilac and the tribespeople present. Later, a native shaman distributes Yaje to the local villagers and Bilac. During this ritual, a jaguar spirit kills Roosevelt in his tent. Later, in Boston, Fox Mulder and Dana Scully investigate the disappearance of Dr. Craig Horning, an archaeologist from a local history museum, after a security guard discovers a large amount of blood in Horning's lab. They interview both the curator, Dr. Lewton, and graduate student Mona Wustner. They also visit a reclusive Bilac. After closing, Lewton is killed by the jaguar spirit after his car doesn't start. During an investigation of the crime scene, Scully comes across rat corpses in the engine compartment of Lewton's vehicle. Mona denies that anything unusual has happened in the museum. Mulder and a group of police search for Lewton's remains. Scully sees blood dripping on Mulder's face from above and, upon looking up, they see a portion of Lewton's intestine hanging from a tree. Scully, about to perform an autopsy on the intestine, is interrupted when Mona suddenly calls and reports that Bilac was under the influence of Yaje. At the museum, Mona hears noises from a restroom and, upon opening a toilet lid, she sees rats forcing their way out of the sewer. When the two agents arri
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hell%20Money	"Hell Money" is the nineteenth episode of the third season of the science fiction television series The X-Files and 68th episode overall. It premiered on the Fox network in the United States on March 29, 1996. It was written by Jeffrey Vlaming and directed by Tucker Gates. The episode is a "Monster-of-the-Week" story, unconnected to the series' wider mythology. "Hell Money" earned a Nielsen household rating of 9.9, being watched by 14.86 million people in its initial broadcast. The episode received mostly mixed to positive reviews from television critics. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson), who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. In this episode, Mulder and Scully investigate a murder in San Francisco's Chinatown involving masked intruders, strange Chinese symbols, a lottery, and the clandestine selling of body parts. The premise of the episode was based on three major ideas: a pyramid scheme involving body parts, a lottery in a small town, and corporate beings assembling the destitute in Chinatown. The episode's writer, Vlaming, developed the latter two ideas and series creator Chris Carter merged all three ideas in the finalized script. The episode contained several elaborate special effects shots, most notably the scene wherein a frog bursts out of a victim's chest, which was created by using molds to create a fake human torso that was then placed over an actor. Plot In San Francisco's Chinatown, a Chinese immigrant, Johnny Lo, makes his way to his apartment. There, he is confronted by someone telling him to "pay the price", and is overtaken by three figures wearing shigong masks. A security guard later finds the three figures near a crematory oven, in which Lo is being burned alive. Fox Mulder and Dana Scully investigate Lo's death, the latest in a series of fatal incinerations in Chinatown; Mulder believes that ghost activity is behind the deaths, while Scully suspects a cult. The agents collaborate with Glen Chao (BD Wong), a Chinese-American detective with the SFPD. When they find a Chinese character written inside the oven, Chao translates it as meaning "ghost." Mulder also finds a scrap of burned paper in the ashes, which Chao identifies as "hell money", a symbolic offering to deceased spirits. The agents locate Lo's apartment, where they find his collection of charms, as well as bloodstains underneath the recently installed carpet. Meanwhile, another immigrant, Hsin, tends to his leukemia-stricken daughter, Kim (Lucy Liu). To pay for her treatments, Hsin attends an underground lottery in which participants either win money or lose an organ, depending on tiles chosen from a pair of vases. One man wins the lottery but selects a bad tile, and his body is found later that day. Scully performs an autopsy and finds that he had been selling body parts, noticing his numerous surgical scars. The agents question Chao, who claims that the local community m
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avatar%20%28The%20X-Files%29	"Avatar" is the twenty-first episode of the third season of the science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network in the United States on April 26, 1996. The story for the episode was developed by David Duchovny and Howard Gordon, the teleplay was written by Gordon, and it was directed by James Charleston. The episode is a "Monster-of-the-Week" story, unconnected to the series' wider mythology. "Avatar" earned a Nielsen household rating of 9.3, being watched by 14.62 million viewers in its initial broadcast. The episode received mixed reviews from television critics. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. Mulder is a believer in the paranormal, while the skeptical Scully has been assigned to debunk his work. In this episode, when Assistant Director Walter Skinner (Mitch Pileggi) is accused of murdering a prostitute, Mulder and Scully investigate to determine the truth behind what happened. "Avatar" was developed after Duchovny initially suggested having a Skinner-centric episode as a way to give himself a break. Skinner's popularity amongst fans had risen with his increased role in the episodes "The Blessing Way" and "Paper Clip" and these episodes helped re-establish the ground rules regarding where Skinner stood in regard to the X-Files. The episode title refers to the incarnation of a deity in Sanskrit. Plot FBI assistant director Walter Skinner (Mitch Pileggi) is given divorce papers from his wife, Sharon, after seventeen years of marriage. At a bar, he meets an attractive woman named Carina Sayles (Amanda Tapping); the two engage in a one night stand. However, after the tryst, Skinner has a nightmare of an old woman in bed with him. He awakens to find Sayles dead, her head twisted completely around. As the murder investigation unfolds, Skinner tells agent Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) not to get involved. He refuses to take a polygraph test and is viewed as a suspect. Agent Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) examines Sayles' corpse, finding a phosphorescent glow around her nose and lips. Mulder finds out that Sayles was a prostitute and interviews her madam, who claims that Skinner's credit card number was collected the previous night. Skinner sees the old woman looking at him on a city street. However, when he pursues the old woman, he instead finds Sharon. The agents talk to Sharon, who says that the marriage failed because of Skinner's emotional distance. Scully learns that Skinner had been receiving treatment for a sleep disorder, in which he apparently had dreams about being suffocated in bed by an old woman. She fears that Skinner may have unwittingly killed Sayles in his sleep. However, Mulder believes that Skinner may be having visions of a succubus, a female demon, with the mention of similar symptoms of people's bad dreams they've experienced. Sharon visits Skinner at his home as s
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quagmire%20%28The%20X-Files%29	"Quagmire" is the twenty-second episode of the third season of the science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network in the United States on May 3, 1996. It was written by Kim Newton and directed by Kim Manners. The episode is a "Monster of the Week" story, unconnected to the series' wider mythology. "Quagmire" earned a Nielsen household rating of 10.2, being watched by 16 million viewers in its initial broadcast. The episode received mostly positive reviews from television critics. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. Mulder is a believer in the paranormal, while the skeptical Scully has been assigned to debunk his work. In this episode, Mulder and Scully investigate a series of deaths at a lake in Georgia that Mulder believes were caused by a "sea" monster that the locals have affectionately named Big Blue. Although the episode was written by Newton, noted writer Darin Morgan provided assistance on the script. Because of this, the episode contains several references to previous Morgan-penned episodes, like "Clyde Bruckman's Final Repose" and "War of the Coprophages". It is the last episode to feature Scully's dog, Queequeg, and the only one to mention the dog's name. One specific dialogue scene featuring Mulder and Scully stranded on a small rock was praised by critics and included approximately 10 pages of dialogue. Series co-star Gillian Anderson later recalled that she "loved" the scene. Plot In Millikan, Georgia, biologists Paul Farraday and William Bailey discuss the decreasing frog population. Bailey goes looking for a missing beeper and ends up getting dragged into the lake by an unseen creature and killed. Agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) drive down to Georgia to investigate. Scully is forced to bring her dog Queequeg with them due to the short notice. Mulder tells Scully that a Boy Scout Troop Leader has also disappeared near the lake. Scully soon finds that Mulder believes "Big Blue"—a plesiosaur-like cryptid—is responsible. The agents talk to Dr. Farraday and visit a local bait and tackle shop that sells Big Blue merchandise. Soon afterwards, the half eaten body of the Scout Leader is found. Later that night, the bait and tackle shop owner walks through the swamp in boots, making fake dinosaur tracks. However, he is attacked and killed. Mulder wants the lake to be closed but the local sheriff declines and says that he does not have enough men to cover the 48 miles of shoreline. Two teenagers, previously seen in the episode "War of the Coprophages", head to the lake to lick toads; while experimenting, a diver friend of theirs is suddenly attacked underwater and his severed head floats to the surface. Scully, still skeptical about Big Blue being the killer, thinks that a boat propeller was responsible. A photographer named Ansel is also attac
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netlog	Netlog (formerly known as Facebox and Bingbox) was a Belgian social networking service targeted at the global youth demographic. On Netlog, members could create their own web page, meet new people, chat, play games, share videos and post blogs. The site was founded and launched in 1999 under the name ASL.TO in Ghent, Belgium, by Lorenz Bogaert and Toon Coppens. In 2002 the name of the website was changed into Redbox, a website targeted to the Belgian youth. Starting from 2005, it was available in other countries in and outside Europe. About one year later, the website was renamed ‘Netlog’. By 2007, Netlog had attracted 28 million members and kept on growing the years after. At its height, the site claimed to have over 94 million registered users across 20+ languages. In January 2011, Netlog announced that the site would become part of Massive Media, a global media group, focusing mainly on social media, and allowing product portfolio to expand into new markets. They also own Twoo.com, a free social discovery platform launched in 2011, and Stepout, an application for meeting new people nearby (relaunched in late 2013). As of 2015, the homepage shows a sign it has been merged with Twoo. In July 2018 Netlog notified users that its security had been compromised in 2012 and logins and passwords of users were obtained by external agents. As of September 2018, Netlog's homepage informs that the website is no longer in service since 2015. Localization Netlog had a localization technology ensuring that all content is geotargeted and personalized to each member's profile. This enabled a member to have localized searches and overviews on the community, displaying only those member profiles of his or her own age range and region. Breach of 2012 In July 2018 Netlog sent out an email informing users registered before December 2012 that there was a security breach of their user database. See also Social software References External links Twoo Homepage (English) Incrowd site - news page Mashable's Social Networking Awards 2006 Facebox - Insane growth? Red Herring Top 100 Europe Awards (winner), April, 2007 Internet properties established in 2000 Companies based in East Flanders Defunct social networking services Belgian social networking websites
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talitha%20Cumi%20%28The%20X-Files%29	"Talitha Cumi" is the twenty-fourth episode and the season finale of the third season of the science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network on May 17, 1996, in the United States. The teleplay was written by series creator Chris Carter, based on a story he developed with lead actor David Duchovny and was directed by R. W. Goodwin. The episode is one of several that explored the series' overarching mythology. "Talitha Cumi" achieved a Nielsen household rating of 11.2, being watched by 17.86 million people in its initial broadcast. The episode received mostly positive reviews from critics. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. In this episode, Mulder and Scully search for a man who seems to possess strange powers, who may have information about Mulder's family and the Syndicate. "Talitha Cumi" is the first part of a two-part episode, initiating the plot that is finalized in the fourth-season premiere, "Herrenvolk". The basic premise of "Talitha Cumi", most notably the scene featuring Jeremiah Smith's interrogation by The Smoking Man (William B. Davis), was heavily influenced by "The Grand Inquisitor"—a chapter in Fyodor Dostoyevsky's novel The Brothers Karamazov—on the suggestion of Duchovny. The title "Talitha Cumi" is Aramaic for "Little girl, get up," and alludes to the biblical story of the raising of Jairus' daughter". Plot At a fast food restaurant in Arlington, Virginia, a man draws a gun and shoots three people before he is shot by police snipers outside. An older man revives the gunman and his victims by touching them with the palms of his hands. Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) arrive to investigate. They interview the victims and gunman, finding that the mysterious healer, Jeremiah Smith (Roy Thinnes), disappeared while being interviewed by a detective. Meanwhile, The Smoking Man (William B. Davis) meets with Mulder's mother Teena (Rebecca Toolan), and the two argue as someone photographs them from a distance. Later, Assistant Director Walter Skinner (Mitch Pileggi) notifies Mulder that Teena has suffered a stroke. At the hospital, Teena writes the word "PALM" on a notepad, which Mulder takes to mean her stroke is connected to Jeremiah Smith. Mulder finds footage of Smith being interviewed, and sees that someone else appears in Smith's place when the detective looks away. Meanwhile, Smith is at his place of work at the Social Security Administration (SSA) when he is captured by the Smoking Man, and taken to a high-security prison. Mulder heads to his mother's home and encounters X (Steven Williams), who shows him his photos of Teena and the Smoking Man. Mulder searches the house and realizes that "PALM" was Teena's attempt to write "LAMP". He then finds an alien stiletto weapon inside one of the lamps—the same kind used by the Alien Bounty Hunter in p
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herrenvolk%20%28The%20X-Files%29	"Herrenvolk" is the fourth season premiere of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network on . It was directed by R.W. Goodwin, and written by series creator Chris Carter. "Herrenvolk" featured guest appearances by Roy Thinnes and Brian Thompson, and introduced Laurie Holden as recurring character Marita Covarrubias. The episode helped to explore the overarching mythology, or fictional history of The X-Files. "Herrenvolk" earned a Nielsen household rating of 13.2, being watched by 21.11 million people in its initial broadcast. FBI special agent Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) is shown more evidence of his sister's abduction by the mysterious Jeremiah Smith (Thinnes) and makes a desperate attempt to rescue her, whilst being pursued by the Alien Bounty Hunter. Mulder's informant X is found out by those he has betrayed—with fatal consequences. "Herrenvolk" is the second part of a two-part episode, continuing the plot from the third season finale, "Talitha Cumi". "Herrenvolk" saw the death of Steven Williams' character X, and featured another appearance of Mulder's sister Samantha, a character described by Carter as the "lifeblood" of the series, who last appeared in the second season double episode, "Colony" and "End Game". The episode featured scenes filmed using swarms of bees, which caused problems due to the difficulty of taming and directing the animals. Other special effects in the episode were achieved through motion control photography. Plot In rural Alberta, Canada, a telephone lineman is stung by a bee as he works at the top of a pole. Five identical boys approach and watch as the lineman adversely reacts to the sting, causing him to fall to the ground and die. The boys look down at his body, then walk off silently. At a remote industrial site, Fox Mulder (David Duchovny), Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson), and Jeremiah Smith (Roy Thinnes) are approached by the Alien Bounty Hunter (Brian Thompson). Mulder and Smith flee with both Scully and the Bounty Hunter in pursuit, eventually reaching a waterfront. Mulder sneaks up on the Bounty Hunter and stabs him in the neck with the alien stiletto. Both he and Jeremiah escape on a boat, leaving Scully alone with the seemingly dead Bounty Hunter. When she approaches the body, the Bounty Hunter wakes up and chokes her, demanding to know where Mulder and Smith are heading. He releases her after realizing she has no such knowledge. On the boat, Mulder and Smith debate whether they should save Mulder's mother Teena, despite the risk of Men in Black awaiting them. Mulder ultimately agrees that it would be too dangerous to visit her. Instead, they head towards Canada in a stolen car, where Smith says Mulder will find his sister, Samantha. Meanwhile, the First Elder (Don S. Williams) meets with The Smoking Man (William B. Davis) in Teena's hospital room, confronting him with photos of his prior meeting with her, taken by X (Steven Williams). They realize that
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home%20%28The%20X-Files%29	"Home" is the second episode of the fourth season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files, which originally aired on the Fox network on October11, 1996. Directed by Kim Manners, it was written by Glen Morgan and James Wong. "Home" is a "Monster-of-the-Week" story, unconnected to the overarching mythology of The X-Files. Watched by 18.85 million viewers, the initial broadcast had a Nielsen rating of 11.9. "Home" was the only episode of The X-Files to carry a TV-MA rating upon broadcast and the first to receive a viewer discretion warning for graphic content if the system had been present at the time; the TV Parental Guidelines rating system would be introduced two months later, on December 19, 1996. Critics were generally complimentary, and praised the disturbing nature of the plot; several made comparisons to the work of director Tobe Hooper. Some reviewers felt the violence was excessive. The series centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson), who work on cases linked to the paranormal, collectively called "X-Files". Mulder is a believer in the paranormal; the skeptical Scully was initially assigned to debunk his work, but the two have developed a deep friendship. In this episode, Mulder and Scully investigate the death of a baby born with severe physical defects. Traveling to the small isolated town of Home, Pennsylvania, the pair meet the Peacocks, a family of deformed farmers who have not left their house in a decade. Initially, Mulder suspects the brothers kidnapped and raped a woman to father the child, but the investigation uncovers a long history of incest involving the Peacocks' own mother. "Home" marks the return of writers Morgan and Wong, who left the show following its second season. They attempted to make the episode as ambitious and shocking as possible and were inspired by real-life events, including the documentary Brother's Keeper and a story from Charlie Chaplin's autobiography about an encounter with a family in rural Wales. The graphic content of the script attracted controversy from early in the production process. Commentators have identified themes within the episode that satirize the American Dream, address globalization, and explore the nature of motherhood. It has been cited as a seminal episode of The X-Files by critics and crew members. Plot In the small town of Home, Pennsylvania, a woman gives birth to a deformed baby. Three similarly-deformed men bury it near their dilapidated house during a rainstorm. Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) are sent to investigate after the corpse is found by children during a sandlot-ball game. While talking to Home's sheriff Andy Taylor (Tucker Smallwood), Mulder asks whether the Peacock brothers—the inhabitants of the house nearest to the crime scene—have been questioned about the baby. Taylor informs him that the house dates to the American Civil War and is without electricity, ru
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unruhe	"Unruhe" is the fourth episode of the fourth season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on October 27, 1996, and was the first episode to air on Sunday night when the show was moved from Fridays to Sundays. "Unruhe" was written by Vince Gilligan, directed by Rob Bowman, and featured a guest appearance from Pruitt Taylor Vince. The episode is a "Monster-of-the-Week" story, unconnected to the series' wider mythology. "Unruhe" earned a Nielsen rating of 11.7, being watched by 19.10 million people upon its initial broadcast. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. In this episode, Mulder and Scully investigate a man who kidnaps women and lobotomizes them. The agents' only clues to catching him are distorted photos of the victims taken just before their kidnapping. Gilligan wrote the episode after being inspired by stories of serial killers he read as a child. Other inspirations include the concept of thought-photographs, and common fears associated with dentist chairs. The episode received a generally positive reception, though critics criticized the plotline featuring Scully being kidnapped. Critical attention also expressed a positive opinion of how scary the episode was in nature. Guest actor Taylor Vince received positive reviews as the episode's antagonist. Plot In Traverse City, Michigan, Mary Lefante goes to a local pharmacy to get her passport photo taken. Realizing she has forgotten her wallet, she returns to her car and finds that her boyfriend has been murdered. The killer, clad in a hooded raincoat, renders Lefante unconscious with a hypodermic needle, then kidnaps her. Meanwhile, in the pharmacy, the elderly clerk peels open the Polaroid photo, which shows her screaming amidst a distorted background. Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) are assigned to the case. Discussing the photograph, Mulder tells Scully about Ted Serios, a psychic photographer who was famous for making photos which showed what was in his mind. He takes pictures of his gloved hand using a Polaroid camera found in Lefante's apartment, and they all appear the same as the one from the pharmacy. Mulder deduces that the kidnapper has been stalking his victims and is capable of psychic photography. Lefante is found wandering on a roadside, but appears to have been given an improperly-performed lobotomy. Another woman, Alice Brandt, is later kidnapped. She wakes up bound to a dentist's chair, with her kidnapper brandishing an ice pick and speaking in German. Mulder returns to Washington, D.C., to digitally analyze the photos and finds no evidence that they were doctored. By closely examining the photos, he finds the face of an old man as well as the shadow of the kidnapper, who appears to be extremely tall or have abnormally long legs.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LedgerSMB	LedgerSMB is a free software double entry accounting and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system. Accounting data is stored in a SQL database server and a standard web browser can be used as its user interface. The system uses the Perl programming language and a Perl database interface module for processing, and PostgreSQL for data storage. LedgerSMB is a client-server application, with server access through a web browser. LedgerSMB is distributed under the terms of the GPL-2.0-or-later license. Features LedgerSMB features a full general ledger, with multi-currency support. accounts receivable & payable, with outstanding & aging reports. project accounting and other flexible accounting dimensions. financial reports, with multi-period comparisons: Income statement (Profit & Loss report) Balance sheet Trial balance. quotations and order management. time tracking. invoicing capabilities (mailing, printing), with invoices based on: orders (which in turn can be based on quotations) shipments time cards. inventory tracking, with activity reports. fixed assets. full separation of duties for invoices and GL transactions. LedgerSMB supports multiple currencies, multiple sales or VAT tax rates and per-user language and locale (number formatting) settings. It also supports per-customer language settings, so invoices can be translated into various languages when printed, and per-language invoice templates are also an option. Releases 1.10.0 was released on 2022-10-08 with a wide variety of improvements and fixes. This release saw many small user-visible changes. The larger changes were on the technical side, moving parts of the UI to Vue3 and introducing web services to back the Vue3-based UI. 1.9.0 (End of Life) was released on 2021-09-24 with a wide variety of improvements and fixes, including repair of the ability to send out AR/AP aging reports by e-mail (which regressed in 1.3.42). Where prior releases had a central theme or special focus, this release is more a general cleanup release that touches all parts of the code base. 1.8.0 (End of Life) was released on 2020-09-04 with a wide variety of improvements and fixes; to that extent, this release is different than the thematic releases between 1.5 and 1.7 which sought to improve specific areas of functionality. Notable changes in this release include better support for container images by allowing logos (for inclusion in printed documents) to be stored in the database instead of on disc, allowing the use of standard containers as well as the upgrade of payments to be first order citizens. Where payment data used to be derived from transaction data, this release stores all payments as separate data items specifically, considerably changing reconciliation experience. 1.7.0 (End of Life) was released on 2019-10-04 with improved support for transactions in foreign currencies, much code cleanup and yet more tests again. With the 1.7.0 release, the project continues the trend to sho
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musings%20of%20a%20Cigarette%20Smoking%20Man	"Musings of a Cigarette Smoking Man" is the seventh episode of the fourth season of the science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network in the United States on November 17, 1996. It was written by Glen Morgan, directed by James Wong, and featured the first guest appearance by Chris Owens, appearing as a younger Smoking Man. "Musings of a Cigarette Smoking Man" earned a Nielsen household rating of 10.7, being watched by 17.09 million people in its initial broadcast. The episode received mostly positive reviews from television critics. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. Mulder is a believer in the paranormal, while the skeptical Scully has been assigned to debunk his work. In this episode, Lone Gunman Melvin Frohike (Tom Braidwood) finds a tell-tale magazine story supposedly revealing the history of The Smoking Man (William B. Davis). The episode illustrates his possible involvement in several historical events and assassinations, although the reliability of the source is unresolved at the end of the episode. Davis is credited as a starring cast member for the first time in this episode. Executive producer Frank Spotnitz later noted that the canonicity of events related in the episode is unclear. The production of the episode did not require extensive use of Duchovny and Anderson on screen. The former's voice is only heard and the latter appears only in archival footage. Davis was pleased with the episode, although confused with some apparent contradictions in the script. Although not directly furthering the series' overarching mythology, the episode involves several of its events and characters. Plot The Smoking Man, armed with a sniper rifle and surveillance equipment, spies on a meeting between Fox Mulder, Dana Scully, and the Lone Gunmen. Frohike claims to have discovered information about the Smoking Man's mysterious past, stating that his father was an executed communist spy and that his mother died of lung cancer, causing him to be raised in various Midwest orphanages. The narrative changes to 1962. The Smoking Man is an Army captain stationed at Fort Bragg in North Carolina. He talks to a friend and fellow soldier, Bill Mulder, who shows him a photo of his infant son, Fox. The Smoking Man is summoned to attend a meeting with a general and several strange men in suits. The general calls the Smoking Man's father an "extraordinary man" in spite of the threat he posed to national security, and indicates that he expects the Smoking Man to inherit his father's courage to act decisively and take drastic measures in defense of his principles. It is revealed that the Smoking Man was already involved in Bay of Pigs Invasion and the assassinations of Patrice Lumumba and Rafael Trujillo. Ostensibly for these reasons, they selected him to assassinate President John F. Kennedy. In November 1963
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunguska%20%28The%20X-Files%29	"Tunguska" is the eighth episode of the fourth season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. It premièred on the Fox network on . It was directed by Kim Manners, and written by Frank Spotnitz and series creator Chris Carter. "Tunguska" featured guest appearances by John Neville, Nicholas Lea and Fritz Weaver. The episode helped explore the series' overarching mythology. "Tunguska" earned a Nielsen household rating of 12.2, being watched by 18.85 million people in its initial broadcast. In the episode, FBI special agent Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) travels to Russia to investigate the source of a black oil contamination. His partner Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) and assistant director Walter Skinner (Mitch Pileggi) are summoned to attend a United States Senate hearing on Mulder's whereabouts. "Tunguska" is a two-part episode, with the plot continuing in the next episode, "Terma". "Tunguska" was inspired by reports of evidence of extraterrestrial life possibly being found in the Allan Hills 84001 meteorite, while the gulag setting was inspired by the works of Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn. The story offered the writers a chance to expand the scale of the series' mythology globally, although production of the episode was described as troublesome and expensive. Plot The episode opens in medias res to Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) as she is brought before a Senate select committee to be questioned about the whereabouts of Fox Mulder (David Duchovny). Scully refuses to answer the committee's questions and attempts to read a statement denouncing the conspiracy within the government. Senator Sorenson threatens to hold Scully in contempt of Congress. Ten days earlier, at Honolulu Airport, a courier returning from the Republic of Georgia (David Bloom) is searched by customs officers. One of the officers (Andy Thompson) removes a glass canister from the courier's briefcase and accidentally shatters it, exposing both men to the black oil. Meanwhile, in New York City, Mulder and Scully take part in an FBI raid against a domestic terrorist group. Mulder's tipster within the group is revealed to be Alex Krycek (Nicholas Lea), whom the terrorists released from the missile silo where he had been trapped. Krycek has turned against The Smoking Man (William B. Davis), and tells the distrustful agents that he can help expose him. Krycek leads the agents to Dulles International Airport, where they try to apprehend a second courier carrying a diplomatic pouch from Russia. The courier leads the agents on a pursuit through the airport, but drops the pouch before escaping. The pouch is revealed to carry a seemingly unremarkable rock. Mulder has Krycek confined at the high rise apartment of Assistant Director Walter Skinner before having the rock analyzed at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. Dr. Sacks, a NASA scientist, tells Mulder and Scully that the rock is a prehistoric meteorite fragment that might contain fossilized alien bacteria. Skinne
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terma%20%28The%20X-Files%29	"Terma" is the ninth episode of the fourth season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network on . It was directed by Rob Bowman, and written by Frank Spotnitz and series creator Chris Carter. "Terma" featured guest appearances by John Neville, Nicholas Lea and Fritz Weaver. The episode helped explore the series' overarching mythology. "Terma" earned a Nielsen household rating of 10.3, being watched by 17.34 million viewers during its original airing. FBI special agent Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) and assistant director Walter Skinner (Mitch Pileggi) attend a United States Senate hearing, while Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) attempts to escape from a Russian gulag. "Terma" is the second part of a two-part episode, continuing the plot from the previous episode, "Tunguska". Several scenes in "Terma" were inspired by the novels of Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, while its tagline—changed to "E pur si muove" from the usual "The truth is out there"—is a reference to Galileo Galilei's investigation by the Roman Inquisition. "Terma" features a climactic explosion at an oil refinery wellhead which required the physical effects staff to ignite a plume of flammable liquids. Plot While imprisoned in a gulag in Krasnoyarsk, Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) learns that Alex Krycek (Nicholas Lea) is a double agent working for the Russian taskmasters and that all prisoners have been subjected to a black oil vaccine. In his dungeon, Mulder is given a sharp object by another prisoner, who had made it to commit suicide. When all the prisoners are taken out and are arranged in a line, Mulder sees Krycek talking to one of the captors and runs toward them, tackling them. Mulder then steals a truck and flees with an unconscious Krycek in the back of it; a pursuit by his captors ensues. As Mulder drives the truck, Krycek awakes and jumps off the truck. Mulder, having been unable to stop the truck due to its faulty brakes, runs the truck off the road and it crashes. Mulder quickly makes his way out of the truck and hides under the dry leaves, while Krycek is found by a group of men whose left arms have all been amputated and has his arm forcibly severed to prevent his involvements in black oil vaccination tests. Meanwhile, Vasily Peskow (Jan Rubeš), a former KGB agent, has come out of retirement and traveled to America where he assassinates Bonita Charne-Sayre, a doctor who is developing a black oil vaccine for the Syndicate. He then tracks down Charne-Sayre's test subjects and tests the Russian vaccine on them before killing them to cover his tracks. Mulder is found by a group of Russian peasants (one of whom owns the truck that Mulder stole), who help him return to America, and rejoins his partner Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson). Scully and assistant director Walter Skinner (Mitch Pileggi) had been detained by a United States Senate committee seeking to uncover Mulder's whereabouts when they cannot reveal his current locat
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paper%20Hearts	"Paper Hearts" is the tenth episode of the fourth season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network on December 15, 1996. It was written by Vince Gilligan, directed by Rob Bowman, and featured guest appearances by Tom Noonan, Rebecca Toolan and Vanessa Morley. The episode is a "Monster-of-the-Week" story, although it is tangentially connected to the series' wider mythology. "Paper Hearts" was viewed by 16.59 million people in its initial broadcast, and received positive reviews, with critics praising Noonan's guest role. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson), who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. Mulder is a believer in the paranormal, and the skeptical Scully has been assigned to debunk his work. In this episode, Mulder and Scully find that a child killer (Tom Noonan) who Mulder had helped to apprehend several years earlier had claimed more victims than he had confessed to; the resulting investigation uncovers a possible link to the disappearance of Mulder's sister, Samantha. Gilligan came up with the concept for "Paper Hearts" when thinking about the series' longest running storyline, the abduction of Samantha Mulder; he came up with a story questioning whether Samantha had not been abducted by aliens, but was rather murdered by a child killer instead. "Paper Hearts" was written specifically with Tom Noonan in mind for the role of Roche, and was amongst the first television work the actor had done. Plot Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) dreams of a red light that leads him to the corpse of a young girl buried in a park in Manassas, Virginia. When he awakens, he heads to the park and finds the girl's skeleton. The girl was determined to have been murdered by John Lee Roche (Tom Noonan), a serial killer who murdered thirteen girls throughout the 1980s; his modus operandi included cutting a heart out of the clothes of each victim. Mulder had captured Roche by deducing that he committed the murders while traveling as a vacuum cleaner salesman. Roche's hearts were never found, although he confessed to all of the murders. Dana Scully's (Gillian Anderson) autopsy of the skeleton finds that the victim died in 1975, suggesting that Roche's killing spree started much earlier than the FBI had previously thought. The agents search Roche's old car, where they discover sixteen cut-out hearts. Mulder and Scully subsequently visit Roche in prison, hoping to learn the identities of the remaining two victims. Roche, however, tries to play mind games with Mulder. That night Mulder dreams of the night of Samantha's abduction, seemingly showing that his sister was abducted by Roche rather than aliens. The next day, Mulder asks Roche where he was the night Samantha was abducted. Roche claims he was on Martha's Vineyard and had sold a vacuum cleaner to Mulder's father. Mulder later finds the vacuum in his mother's house. After co
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El%20Mundo%20Gira	"El Mundo Gira" is the eleventh episode of the fourth season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network in the United States on January 12, 1997. It was written by John Shiban and directed by Tucker Gates. The episode is a "Monster-of-the-Week" story, unconnected to the series' wider mythology. "El Mundo Gira" received a Nielsen rating of 13.3 and was viewed by 22.37 million people in its initial broadcast, and received mixed to negative reviews from television critics. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson), who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. Mulder is a believer in the paranormal, and the skeptical Scully has been assigned to debunk his work. In this episode, strange and deadly rain in a migrant workers camp sends Mulder and Scully on the trail of a mythical beast—El Chupacabra. What they discover is a bizarre fungal growth affecting illegal immigrants. Shiban was inspired to write "El Mundo Gira" after noticing the long lines of migrant workers he would often see at his job when working as a computer programmer in the Los Angeles area. He combined it with an idea he had about a contagious fungus. Series creator Chris Carter was attracted to the soap opera-like aspects of the episode, and the title of the episode means "The World Turns" in Spanish. The migrant camp used in the episode was built from scratch in a waste ground near Boundary Bay Airport in Vancouver. This site was later used again in the episode "Tempus Fugit". Plot Agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) investigate the death of Maria Dorantes, an illegal immigrant from Mexico living in the San Joaquin Valley near Fresno, California who was found dead, with her face partially eaten away, after yellow rain fell from the sky. Maria was the object of the love of two brothers, Eladio (Raymond Cruz) and Soledad Buente; Soledad blames his brother for her death. The migrants believe that the so-called "Chupacabra" was responsible for her death, despite the fact that none of the circumstances of the death resemble anything close to reports of the Chupacabra. Mulder, assisted on the case by Mexican-American INS agent Conrad Lozano, is able to track down and interrogate Eladio, who frightens the other migrants. Meanwhile, Scully discovers that Maria was killed by a fungal growth known as Aspergillus. Eladio escapes as he is being deported, killing a truck driver in the process. A clinical exam on the driver shows his death was caused by a rapid growth of Trichophyton — the Athlete's foot fungus. Scully brings samples of the fatal fungi to a mycologist who discovers that their abnormally rapid growth was caused by an unidentifiable enzyme. This revelation leads Scully to suspect Eladio of being an unwitting carrier of the enzyme, necessitating his immediate capture. Eladio, seeking to return to Mexico, meets with his co
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard%20Betts	"Leonard Betts" is the twelfth episode of the fourth season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network on January 26, 1997. It was written by Vince Gilligan, John Shiban, and Frank Spotnitz, directed by Kim Manners, and featured a guest appearance by Paul McCrane as Leonard Betts/Albert Tanner. The episode is a "Monster-of-the-Week" story, unconnected to the series' wider mythology. Aired following Super Bowl XXXI, "Leonard Betts" became Fox's debut Super Bowl lead-out program since the network acquired NFL broadcast rights in 1994. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. Mulder is a believer in the paranormal, while the skeptical Scully has been assigned to debunk his work. In this episode, Mulder and Scully investigate the supposed death and regeneration of an emergency medical technician (EMT) named Leonard Betts, a mutant who subsists on cancer and can regenerate severed body parts. "Leonard Betts" was a story milestone for the series, introducing the detection of Agent Scully's cancer, which would go on to play a larger role in the latter part of season four and much of season five. In addition, the episode has been analyzed for its themes of physical drives and psychological egoism. The production for the episode required several physically exerting stunts coupled with special effects in order to bring the illusions of the episode to life. The episode received positive reviews, with critics commenting positively on the character of Betts and McCrane's performance, and still ranks as the most watched episode of the series, receiving a Nielsen household rating of 17.2, being watched by 29.1 million people in its initial broadcast. Plot In Pittsburgh, Leonard Betts (Paul McCrane), an EMT paramedic, is decapitated when his ambulance collides with a truck. Later, at the morgue, his headless body leaves its cold chamber, knocks out the attendant, steals his clothes, and escapes. Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) visit the morgue, where they find Betts's head in a medical waste dumpster. Scully attempts a cranial examination, but the head's eyes and mouth both suddenly open when she begins the procedure. Meanwhile, Mulder goes to Betts's apartment, where he finds the attendant's discarded clothes. When Mulder leaves, Betts—who has regrown his head—rises out of his iodine-filled bathtub. Mulder interviews Michelle Wilkes (Jennifer Clement), Betts's former partner, who recollects his ability to detect cancer. When an interior slice of Betts's polymerized head is examined, the agents discover that his frontal lobe displayed signs of pervasive cancer. Mulder has Chuck Burks (Bill Dow) subject the slice to a Kirlian photography test; the final image shows a corona discharge that takes the appearance of human shoulders. Using fingerprint records, Sc
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memento%20Mori%20%28The%20X-Files%29	"Memento Mori" is the fourteenth episode of the fourth season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network on . It was directed by Rob Bowman, and written by series creator Chris Carter, Vince Gilligan, John Shiban and Frank Spotnitz. "Memento Mori" featured guest appearances by Sheila Larken, David Lovgren and Morris Panych. The episode helped to explore the overarching mythology, or fictional history of The X-Files. "Memento Mori" earned a Nielsen household rating of 15.5, being watched by 19.1 million people in its initial broadcast. The title translates from Latin as "remember that you will die." The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. When Scully is diagnosed with an inoperable nasopharyngeal tumor, Mulder attempts to discover what happened to her during her abduction experience, believing the two events to be related. "Memento Mori" was written in only two days, when previous series writer Darin Morgan did not contribute a script for the season. Discussion between the writing staff led to the "obligatory" decision to have Scully diagnosed with cancer, although the decision was not unanimous. Guest actor Lovgren portrayed multiple clones of his character using post-production techniques to merge several shots, while actor Pat Skipper had a scene cut from the final episode for time restraints, later appearing in the season finale. Plot Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) learns that she has a cancerous tumor between her sinus and cerebrum. She initially tells only Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Walter Skinner (Mitch Pileggi) of the diagnosis, and is determined to continue to work. The agents head to Allentown, Pennsylvania, to see Betsy Hagopian, a Mutual UFO Network member who was previously discovered to be suffering from similar symptoms. The agents learn that Betsy has died, yet find someone using her phone line. They trace the call to Kurt Crawford (David Lovgren), a fellow MUFON member. Crawford tells them that all but one of the MUFON members Scully previously met have died of cancer. Scully is skeptical of Mulder and Crawford's claims that a government conspiracy and her abduction are behind her illness. Scully visits the last surviving MUFON member, Penny Northern, who is being treated for cancer at a medical centre. Meanwhile, Mulder discovers that all the abductees were childless but had been treated at a nearby fertility clinic. When Mulder is called away by Scully, an assassin, the Gray-Haired Man (Morris Panych) arrives and kills Crawford with a stiletto weapon, revealing him to be an alien-human hybrid. After meeting Penny's physician, Dr. Scanlon, Scully elects to begin chemotherapy. Mulder sneaks into the clinic and finds Crawford there, seemingly alive. Mulder and "Crawford" hack into the clinic's computer database and find information revealing Scully h
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sajama%20Lines	The Sajama Lines of western Bolivia are a network of thousands (possibly tens of thousands) of nearly perfectly straight paths etched into the ground continuously for more than 3,000 years by the indigenous people living near the volcano Sajama. They form a web-like network that blankets the Altiplano. Characteristics Recent research revealed that this network of lines covers an area of , approximately fifteen times larger than the area covered by the Nazca Lines in Peru. Rough estimates put their linear length at approximately , roughly three times the breadth of the United States. As such, the Sajama Lines are the largest archaeological site in the Andes and might be considered the largest artwork in the world. The lines were created by scraping aside vegetation and the dark surface material consisting of soil and oxidized rock and exposing the lighter subsurface material. Like the better-known Nazca Lines (which differ from the Sajama Lines in that some of the Nazca are depictions of animals) neither the purpose of these lines, nor how the makers achieved such precision, are completely understood. Scholars at the University of Pennsylvania describe: While many of these sacred lines extend as far as ten or twenty kilometers (and perhaps further), they all seem to maintain a remarkable straightness despite rugged topography and natural obstacles. The sheer number and length of these lines is often difficult to perceive from ground level, but from the air or hilltop vantage points, they are stunning. Many believe that the lines were originally used by indigenous people when they made sacred pilgrimages. Interspersed among this network of radial lines and aligned to where lines meet are wak'as (shrines), chullpas (burial towers) and hamlets, making the area a unique cultural landscape. Though the region is now sparsely populated there is evidence that some of the lines are still in use as footpaths. Analysis and preservation The earliest account of the Sajama Lines in English is a brief reference by traveler Aimé Felix Tschiffely in 1932. That same decade, anthropologist Alfred Metraux brought the lines and associated structures to the attention of scholars when he published ethnographic fieldwork about the Aymara and Chipaya people of the Carangas region. In the 1970s, British writer and filmmaker Tony Morrison reported on this network of sacred lines and roadways. In recent years, organizations such as the Landmarks Foundation have studied and mapped the Sajama Lines to create a database to help protect the landscape from threats of erosion, unchecked internationally financed development and tourism in the area, and other dangers that come from the absence of a management plan. The Landmarks Foundation worked with the University of Pennsylvania to develop the "Tierra Sajama project" which used geographic information systems (GIS) and other analytic digital media tools to map, describe, and analyze the Sajama Lines and their assoc
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icarus%20Verilog	Icarus Verilog is an implementation of the Verilog hardware description language compiler that generates netlists in the desired format (EDIF). It supports the 1995, 2001 and 2005 versions of the standard, portions of SystemVerilog, and some extensions. Icarus Verilog is available for Linux, FreeBSD, OpenSolaris, AIX, Microsoft Windows, and . Released under the GNU General Public License, Icarus Verilog is free software. As of release 0.9, Icarus is composed of a Verilog compiler (including a Verilog preprocessor) with support for plug-in backends, and a virtual machine that simulates the design. Release v10.0, besides general improvements and bug fixes, added preliminary support for VHDL, but the VHDL support has been abandoned as of 2018. History Not even the author quite remembers when the project was first started, but CVS records go back to 1998. There have been releases 0.2 through the current stable release 10.0. Icarus Verilog development is done largely by the sole regular author, Stephen Williams. Some non-trivial portions have been contributed as accepted patches. See also Comparison of EDA software External links Icarus Verilog documentation web site GitHub page Icarus Verilog installer for Microsoft Windows Online interface to Icarus Verilog Open Source in Electronic Design Automation Icarus Verilog: Open-Source Verilog More than a Year Later EDA Playground - run Icarus Verilog simulations from the web browser Historical CSV repository VHDL support abandoned Free electronic design automation software Electronic design automation software for Linux
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%3F%3F	?? (two question marks), also written as , may refer to: The null coalescing operator, in some programming languages See also Question mark (disambiguation)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spread%20Toolkit	The Spread Toolkit is a computer software package that provides a high performance group communication system that is resilient to faults across local and wide area networks. Spread functions as a unified message bus for distributed applications, and provides highly tuned application-level multicast, group communication, and point to point support. Spread services range from reliable messaging to fully ordered messages with delivery guarantees. The toolkit consists of a messaging server, and client libraries for many software development environments, including C/C++ libraries (with and without thread support), a Java class to be used by applets or applications, and interfaces for Perl, Python, and Ruby. Interfaces for many other software environments have been provided by third parties. In typical operation, each computer in a cluster runs its own instance of the Spread server, and client applications connect locally to that server process. The Spread servers, in turn, communicate with each other to pass messages to subscriber applications. It can also be configured so that clients distributed across the network all communicate with a Spread server process on one host. The Spread Toolkit is developed by Spread Concepts LLC, with much support by the Distributed Systems and Networks Lab (DSN) at Johns Hopkins University, and the Experimental Networked Systems Lab at George Washington University. Partial funding was provided by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and The National Security Agency (NSA). Bindings Bindings for Spread Toolkit exist for many languages and platforms: Ada C C++ C# Haskell Java Lua Microsoft Excel OCaml Perl PHP Python Ruby Squeak Scheme TCL References External links Middleware
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max%20%28The%20X-Files%29	"Max" is the eighteenth episode of the fourth season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network on . It was directed by Kim Manners, and written by Frank Spotnitz and series creator Chris Carter. "Max" featured guest appearances by Joe Spano, Tom O'Brien and Scott Bellis, and saw the final appearance of Brendan Beiser as special agent Pendrell. The episode helped to explore the overarching mythology, or fictional history of The X-Files. "Max" earned a Nielsen household rating of 11.6, being watched by 18.34 million people in its initial broadcast. The episode received mixed to positive reviews from critics. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. Following the airplane crash that killed alien abductee Max Fenig, Mulder is pursued by an assassin looking to recover an alien artifact. "Max" is a two-part episode, with the plot continuing from the previous episode, "Tempus Fugit". Manners praised the large cast of extras used during production, concluding that they were the best he had worked with. "Max" featured scenes filmed at Vancouver International Airport and in a studio water tank, as well as using the custom-built Boeing 737 set constructed for "Tempus Fugit". Dialogue in the episode was inspired by the 1949 film The Third Man. Plot Background Max Fenig (Scott Bellis), a NICAP member, has been repeatedly abducted by aliens throughout his life. After meeting with FBI agent Fox Mulder (David Duchovny), Fenig was abducted once again, and thought to have been lost entirely. Several years later, Fenig is found dead amongst the victims of an airplane crash. Investigating the disaster, Mulder and his partner Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) learn that the airplane crashed after being intercepted by a military jet—and possibly by an alien spacecraft. Mulder's search for evidence of such a craft leads to him diving to the bottom of Great Sacandaga Lake to find it; while Scully is ambushed by an assassin seeking to kill a military witness, leading to her colleague Pendrell (Brendan Beiser) being shot. Events Mulder is caught by a group of commandos after swimming to shore. In Washington, Scully tends to the critically wounded Pendrell while Scott Garrett, a Man in Black, escapes. Assistant Director Walter Skinner (Mitch Pileggi) arrives shortly afterwards and tells Scully that the orders to protect Frish have been countermanded and he is being arrested for providing false testimony. Scully releases Mulder from confinement and tells him the "official" explanation for the crash, that Frish and Gonzales caused the crash by mistakenly vectoring a military fighter craft with the plane, and that Frish lied to cover it up. Mulder is skeptical of this latest explanation and thinks the crashed UFO he found underwater is really what was involved in the crash. Scully tells Mulder that Sh
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20Potatoes%20%28The%20X-Files%29	"Small Potatoes" is the twentieth episode of the fourth season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network in the United States appropriately on April 20, 1997 (4/20, also the number of the season/episode). It was written by Vince Gilligan and directed by Cliff Bole. The episode is a "Monster-of-the-Week" story, unconnected to the series' wider mythology. "Small Potatoes" received a Nielsen rating of 13.0 and was viewed by 20.86 million people in its initial broadcast. The episode received positive reviews from critics, with many applauding the entry's humorous tone. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson), who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. Mulder is a believer in the paranormal, and the skeptical Scully has been assigned to debunk his work. In this episode, a small town is “blessed” by babies being born with tails. Mulder and Scully arrive only to encounter a suspect, Eddie Van Blundht (Darin Morgan), who proves nearly impossible to identify. "Small Potatoes" was written by Gilligan in an attempt to write a lighthearted episode; he did not want to develop a reputation for only writing dark stories. Gilligan asked former series writer Darin Morgan, who had penned four episodes in the second and third seasons, to play Eddie Van Blundht. In fact, the role was written specifically with Morgan in mind. In the original script, the babies were born with wings instead of tails. The effect was eventually changed to tails, because, according to Gilligan, they were funnier. Plot Agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) investigate the birth of five babies in the town of Martinsburg, West Virginia, who were born with tails. The mother of the most recent baby, Amanda Nelligan, tells the agents that the father of her baby is Luke Skywalker. By researching the baby's chromosomes it is discovered that all five share the same father. The parents of the children blame the local fertility doctor, who had used insemination to impregnate all of the mothers but Nelligan. Mulder spots a janitor nearby with signs that he formerly had a tail. When he runs, Mulder chases him and catches him. The janitor, Eddie Van Blundht, is discovered to be the father of all of the children. Scully believes Eddie used a date rape drug although Mulder questions how he could be in the position to give it to the women. Eddie escapes by transforming his face into that of the booking cop and knocking him out with a blow to the head. Mulder and Scully visit Eddie's father, a former circus performer who claims he still has his tail. Mulder and Scully soon realize the father is actually Eddie when he addresses Mulder by name without having been introduced. The agents give chase, but Eddie escapes. He then transforms into the husband of a woman he impregnated and hides out in their house. When the real husband comes home ea
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero%20Sum%20%28The%20X-Files%29	"Zero Sum" is the twenty-first episode of the fourth season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network on . It was directed by Kim Manners, and written by Frank Spotnitz and Howard Gordon. "Zero Sum" included appearances by William B. Davis, Laurie Holden and Morris Panych. The episode helped to explore the overarching mythology, or fictional history of The X-Files. "Zero Sum" earned a Nielsen household rating of 11.7, being watched by 18.6 million people in its initial broadcast. The episode has received mixed to positive responses from critics. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. In the episode, a case Mulder is asked to investigate is covertly covered up by the agents' boss Walter Skinner (Mitch Pileggi), who has made a sinister bargain with The Smoking Man (Davis). The decision to center another episode around Skinner—following the third season episode "Avatar"—was made when Gillian Anderson took a week off to shoot the film The Mighty. Rather than have Duchovny carry the additional workload, the writing staff decided to focus the episode on supporting cast members. "Zero Sum" was the final appearance in the series by Morris Panych. In addition, the episode saw the return of the virus-carrying bees from the season-opener "Herrenvolk" and would later return in the 1998 feature film. Plot At a postal routing center in Vienna, Virginia, a woman is killed by a swarm of bees in the bathroom while taking a cigarette break. Assistant Director Walter Skinner (Mitch Pileggi), working for The Smoking Man (William B. Davis), covers up the death by deleting the file on the case from agent Fox Mulder's (David Duchovny) computer, cleaning up all the evidence at the scene, burning the woman's body in an incinerator and replacing the police's blood sample for the case by impersonating Mulder. As he leaves the police station, Skinner is chased down by Detective Ray Thomas, who believes he is Mulder. Skinner tells him there is nothing on the case warranting his involvement, and leaves. Shortly after Skinner arrives home he is met by Mulder, who tells him about the case and the fact that someone is going to great lengths to cover it up. Mulder reveals that Detective Thomas was killed, which shocks Skinner. Mulder tells Skinner that Scully is undergoing tests regarding her cancer. Later that night Skinner meets with The Smoking Man, who is accompanied by Thomas' murderer, the Gray Haired Man (Morris Panych). Skinner is angry that Thomas was killed and wants to end their arrangement, which The Smoking Man refuses to allow. Mulder calls Skinner, telling him about the woman's body being burned and the blood evidence being tampered with. Mulder tells Skinner that he is trying to match the bullet that killed Thomas to a gun issued to a federal agent or local officer. Skinner searches hi
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demons%20%28The%20X-Files%29	"Demons" is the twenty-third episode of the fourth season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network in the United States on May 11, 1997 and in the United Kingdom on BBC One on . It was written by R. W. Goodwin and directed by Kim Manners. The episode helps explore the series' overarching mythology. "Demons" received a Nielsen rating of 11.8, being watched by 19.1 million viewers in its initial broadcast. The episode received mostly positive reviews from television critics, with many complimenting the episode's look in Mulder's mind. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. Mulder is a believer in the paranormal, while the skeptical Scully has been assigned to debunk his work. In this episode, Mulder wakes up in a hotel with blood all over him and no memory of what happened. Mulder and Scully soon discover that Mulder was involved in a double homicide and may have been the killer. It is soon revealed that Mulder had been seeing a doctor who had allowed him to view glimpses of his past memories. After evidence becomes paramount, Mulder is cleared of the murder charges. The episode was written by R. W. Goodwin, an executive producer and director for the show. This marked the second instance where a member of the production crew wrote an episode, after the third season entry "Wetwired", written by Mat Beck. The episode was influenced by An Anthropologist on Mars, a series of essays by Oliver Sacks, in particular The Landscape of Dreams featuring a man who could recall every detail of his childhood. During the flashback sequences in the episode, various effects were created by manipulating the camera and its film. Plot Fox Mulder's (David Duchovny) mind flashes back to being in the attic with his sister Samantha while their parents are arguing downstairs. Back in the present, Mulder wakes up in a hotel room in Providence, Rhode Island, covered in blood. Mulder calls Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson), who arrives, finding him in shock. Mulder has a pounding headache and has no memory of what he has done in the past two days. Scully finds that two bullets have been fired from Mulder's gun and that he has keys belonging to a David and Amy Cassandra. Scully wants Mulder to check into a hospital, but he wants to find out if he was involved in a crime before doing so. The agents arrive at the Cassandras' house where the housekeeper tells them they are not at home. Mulder recognizes a house in many of the Cassandras' paintings: a house that is near his parents' summer home in Rhode Island. When they arrive there, Mulder has striking pains in his head and flashes back again to when he was a child, seeing a younger version of The Smoking Man (Chris Owens) in his home. The agents enter the home, where they find the Cassandras dead from gunshot wounds. The agents call the police, who tak
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gethsemane%20%28The%20X-Files%29	"Gethsemane" is the twenty-fourth and final episode of the fourth season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network on . It was directed by R.W. Goodwin, and written by series creator Chris Carter. "Gethsemane" featured guest appearances by Charles Cioffi, Sheila Larken and Pat Skipper, and introduced John Finn as recurring character Michael Kritschgau. The episode helped to explore the overarching mythology, or fictional history of The X-Files. "Gethsemane" earned a Nielsen household rating of 13.2, being watched by 19.85 million people in its initial broadcast. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. In the episode, Mulder is shown evidence of alien life which may actually be part of a huge government hoax designed to deflect attention from secret military programs. Meanwhile, Scully struggles with her cancer in the face of hostility from her brother, who believes she should no longer be working. "Gethsemane" was filmed on one of the series' most elaborate and costly sets, replicating an icy mountaintop inside a refrigerated building using real snow and ice. Shooting for exterior scenes took place on Vancouver's Mount Seymour, occurring just a week before Duchovny's wedding. The episode, which has been described by Carter as pondering "the existence of God", has received mixed responses from critics, with its cliffhanger ending frequently being cited as its main failing. Plot The episode opens in medias res to police investigating a dead body in the apartment of FBI agent Fox Mulder (David Duchovny). Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) confirms the unseen body's identity and leaves. She subsequently appears before an FBI panel led by Section Chief Scott Blevins (Charles Cioffi), reviewing her work with Mulder on the X-Files. In Canada's St. Elias Mountains, a frozen extraterrestrial body is discovered by an expedition team. Professor Arlinsky, the team's leader, sends ice core samples containing presumably alien DNA to Mulder. Scully has the samples tested and confirms the DNA's non-terrestrial origin, but is attacked by a man who steals the samples. Scully learns that her attacker is Michael Kritschgau (John Finn), a Defense Department employee. When she tracks down Kritschgau and holds him at gunpoint, he reveals that he might be killed. Meanwhile, Arlinsky returns to the mountains with Mulder, but they find that most of the expedition members have been shot dead. The sole survivor is a man named Babcock, who reveals that he has saved the alien corpse from theft by burying it. Together, the three men bring the corpse to the United States. There, Mulder and Arlinsky perform an autopsy on the corpse, believing it belongs to a genuine extraterrestrial. After Mulder leaves to meet with Scully, a mysterious assassin, Scott Ostelhoff, arrives and kills Arlinsky and Babcock.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikalp	Vikalp (Films for Freedom) is a network of documentary filmmakers and others interested in this issue, from India. It defines itself as a "platform to defend freedom of expression and to resist censorship." Currently, India has a film certification (earlier called a censorship) board, the functioning of which has raises concerns specially among documentary filmmakers. Vikalp has an associated website called Films For Freedom. Films for Freedom Means Alternative This means provide solutions. This is Hindi word which means finding best one from the available options Response to "censorship" In February 2004, Mumbai played home to Vikalp: Films For Freedom, which was a six-day-long festival of documentary films. It ran parallel to the Mumbai International Film Festival MIFF 2004, and was managed by filmmakers itself. The festival screened all films rejected by the MIFF 2004, and over a dozen films withdrawn from the MIFF by filmmakers to protest what they called "covert censorship-by-selection." Archives of Indian independent film Films For Freedom, India's website carries an archive of Indian independent films made after 2002. Members of this network are able to post new films, reviews, list potential venues for screenings and participate in the related discussion group. Viewers are also able to invite films for screenings in their localities. Part of Campaign Against Censorship Vikalp is a part of the Campaign Against Censorship in India. It says it "seeks to support the independent documentary movement in India and to promote alternative ways of seeing." Key names Some of its key members include that Tata Institute of Social Sciences-based filmmakers Anjali Monteiro and K.P. Jayasankar of the Centre for Media and Cultural Studies. External links Vikalp mailing list, on Yahoogroups MIFF 2004 and its VIKALP, from Anand Patwardhan's blog Film organisations in India Non-profit organisations based in India
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capability-based%20addressing	In computer science, capability-based addressing is a scheme used by some computers to control access to memory as an efficient implementation of capability-based security. Under a capability-based addressing scheme, pointers are replaced by protected objects (called capabilities) that can be created only through the use of privileged instructions which may be executed only by either the kernel or some other privileged process authorised to do so. Thus, a kernel can limit application code and other subsystems access to the minimum necessary portions of memory (and disable write access where appropriate), without the need to use separate address spaces and therefore require a context switch when an access occurs. Practical implementations Two techniques are available for implementation: Require capabilities to be stored in a particular area of memory that cannot be written to by the process that will use them. For example, the Plessey System 250 required that all capabilities be stored in capability-list segments. Extend memory with an additional bit, writable only in supervisor mode, that indicates that a particular location is a capability. This is a generalization of the use of tag bits to protect segment descriptors in the Burroughs large systems, and it was used to protect capabilities in the IBM System/38. Capability addressing in the IBM System/38 and AS/400 The System/38 CPF operating system supported two types of object pointer – authorized pointers which implemented capability-based addressing, and unauthorized pointers which did not. Both types of pointer could only be manipulated using privileged instructions, and differed only by whether or not object authorizations (i.e. access rights) were encoded in the contents of the pointer. Unauthorized pointers lacked object authorizations, and required the operating system to look up the authorization when the pointer was used. Authorized pointers encoded object authorizations and were irrevocable by design. Early versions of the OS/400 operating system for the AS/400 also supported authorized pointers, and by extension capability-based addressing. However, authorized pointers were removed in the V1R3 release of OS/400 as their irrevocable nature became seen as a security liability. All versions of OS/400 (later IBM i) since rely solely on unauthorized pointers which do not support capability-based addressing. Chronology of systems adopting capability-based addressing 1969: System 250 – Plessey Company 1970–77: CAP computer – University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory 1978: System/38 – IBM 1980: Flex machine – Royal Signals and Radar Establishment (RSRE) Malvern 1981: Intel iAPX 432 – Intel 2014: CHERI (adds capabilities to existing ISAs for safer programming, even in C and C++) 2020: CHEx86 2022: ARM Morello (AArch64 with CHERI capabilities) References Further reading same document as report for US NIST External links Memory management Operating system security
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SoftSide	SoftSide is a defunct computer magazine, begun in October 1978 by Roger Robitaille and published by SoftSide Publications of Milford, New Hampshire. History Dedicated to personal computer programming, SoftSide was a unique publication with articles and line-by-line program listings that users manually keyed in. The TRS-80 edition was first, launched in 1978. An Apple II specific version began in January 1980, followed by more individual versions supporting the Atari 400/800 and IBM-PC, as well as one for BASIC language programmers, Prog80. The platform-specific versions were combined into a single monthly edition in August 1980. In the first few years of publication, users often had problems with the legibility of the dot-matrix program listings. By the time the printout was photographed and printed in the magazine, it had become a bit illegible. One reader commented, "after a short while of typing, you felt like you needed some of the 'coke bottle bottom' eye glasses!" Subscriptions were offered that included the printed magazine and a cassette tape, and later 5¼-inch floppy disks, to be literally "played" into the input port to load the complete program into the subscriber's personal computer. Like many computer publications of the time, SoftSide faced considerable financial pressure and competition in an industry-wide shakeout of personal computer publications in 1983. As a result, Robitaille reorganized the publication into two new magazines: SoftSide 2.0 (directed towards the computer user) and Code (for the programmer), each with its own disk-based featured software included. Neither magazine found sufficient market to become fully established, and SoftSide ended with its March 1984 issue. Early on, in 1978 or 1979, SoftSide was joined by a sister company called TRS-80 Software Exchange (or TSE), a software publisher. Many titles sold by this company were magazine submissions that were either very high quality or written in languages that the magazine did not support (which was mainly various dialects of BASIC). Due to a copyright challenge by Tandy, owner of the TRS-80, the business name was changed to The Software Exchange or just TSE. By mid-1979, hardware systems and peripherals of the day could be ordered via mail order/phone order from the newest branch of the business, named HardSide. It is notable that this magazine launched the careers of many programmers, many of whom are still active in the profession. It also provided experience and support for several entrepreneurs who went on to create companies including MicroMint, The Bottom Line, Campbell Communications, The Gollan Letter. Scott Adams took out the first ad for a commercial software game (Adventureland) in Softside Magazine in 1978. Software SoftSide published numerous computer games and utilities for the TRS-80, Apple II, Atari 8-bit, and Commodore PET over its six-year history. The following titles were collected in the Apple edition of The Best of SoftSide (19
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KQNM	KQNM (1550 AM) is a radio station in Albuquerque, New Mexico. KQNM is owned by Relevant Radio, Inc. and airs a Catholic radio ministry featuring network talk programs and broadcasts of the mass. KQNM broadcasts at 10,000 watts by day. But because AM 1550 is a clear-channel frequency reserved for Mexico and Canada, the station must drastically reduce power at night to 27 watts. The transmitter tower is in the city's Old Town district northwest of downtown. KQNM programming is simulcast on FM translator K255AU 98.9 MHz, licensed to nearby Corrales. History This station originally broadcast on 1520 AM as KAMX in 1972. It had aired Spanish-language programming throughout the 1970s. Later, it mostly carried programming that was broadcast on the 107.9 FM frequency. However, the AM station could only be heard during daytime hours due to night time interference from KOMA (now KOKC) from Oklahoma City. In 1995, it ended the simulcast with 107.9 and began to run children's programming from Radio AAHS as KDZZ, but it would return to simulcasting 107.9 in late 1996 under the call sign KHTZ. In 2000, the station was sold to Vanguard Media and moved to the 1550 frequency under the call letters KKJY. The new dial position allowed the station to increase its daytime power and initiate nighttime operation. It began broadcasting an adult standards radio format to fill a void left after KIVA dropped standards for talk. It picked up the KKJY call sign that had once belonged locally to 100.3 FM, which aired a long running easy listening format from 1979 to 1994. The new station was branded as "Joy AM". In 2006, the station's format shifted to Soft Adult Contemporary. On July 25, 2008, it once again changed its call sign to KQNM and called itself "Soft Favorites 1550". On May 18, 2009, it changed to KIVA while moving the KQNM call sign to 1100 kHz in Milan, New Mexico. The format was changed to talk radio on June 15, 2009. On August 28, 2012, the station swapped dial positions with KIVA, moving the talk format and KIVA call sign to 1600, with KRKE moving from 1600 to 1550. On September 22, 2015, the call letters were changed back to KQNM, with KRKE moving to 1090 in Milan. Soon after, Vanguard took the station off the air and put the station up for sale. In 2014, Vanguard divested KIVA (AM) to Rock of Talk LLC. IHR Educational Broadcasting later purchased the station, and began to air its Catholic radio format beginning in late September 2016. KQNM flipped to the Relevant Radio branding when IHR Educational Broadcasting and Starboard Media Foundation consummated their merger on June 30, 2017. FM broadcast 107.5 (2011-2013) In early May 2011, KRKE (then on 1600 AM) began airing on 99-watt FM translator K298BK (107.5 FM) in Sandia, and rebranded as "Cool 107.5". The station had previously been called "Real Oldies 1600". The station also changed its website to cool1075.com. The translator was owned by the Educational Media Foundation. This change put the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JScheme	JScheme is an implementation of the Scheme programming language, created by Kenneth R. Anderson, Timothy J. Hickey and Peter Norvig, which is almost compliant with the R4RS Scheme standard and which has an interface to Java. Distributed under the licence of zlib/libpng, JScheme is free software. See also List of JVM languages External links Free compilers and interpreters Scheme (programming language) implementations Scheme (programming language) interpreters JVM programming languages Java programming language family Software using the zlib license
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rae%20Technology	Rae Technology was a software company founded as a spin-off from Apple Computer in 1992. Rae Technology was best known for its Personal Information Manager Rae Assist and for being the predecessor of NetObjects, Inc. After transferring new developed technology for web site design to NetObjects, Inc. in 1995, Rae Technology had no further public recognition. Roots in Apple Computer The roots of Rae Technology reach back to the 80s at Apple Computer. Samir Arora, a software engineer from India, was involved in early research in navigation applications and so-called hypermedia. Years before the Internet took off and web browser emerged, developers and executives at Apple had the idea that fast and flexible access to linked data would be crucial to future computing. The famous "Knowledge Navigator" video from 1987 gives an impression of the visions at Apple labs in this time. Samir Arora worked in the office of John Sculley at the time and was involved in creating the video. Samir Arora had been part of the original 4th Dimension engineering team at Apple and ran the applications tools group responsible for 4D and Hypercard. To manage mobile and online data access and navigation, a group of software developers, including Dave Dell'Aquila, Sal Arora, Raj Narayan and Jeet Kaul, and led by Samir Arora, created an application framework called SOLO (Structure of Linked Objects). In technical terms, SOLO was a proprietary programming language to develop sets of application programming interfaces (APIs). Rae Technology and Rae Assist With new applications based on SOLO on the rise, Samir Arora started Rae Technology as a spin-off from Apple. Headquarters were located on the Apple campus and the board consisted of high-ranked Apple executives. The company was run by Samir Arora as chief executive officer and President, David Kleinberg as Vice President Sales and Marketing, Dave Dell'Aquila as Vice President Products, and Dianna Mullins as Vice President Operations. In 1993, Rae Technology introduced its Rae Assist, one of the first Personal Information Managers (PIMs). Rae Assist would let the user organize and access personal contacts, dates, company profiles, scheduling, and linking these entries. Between 1993 and 1995 Rae Assist was published in three versions for the Mac, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0. Professional services Beyond producing software, Rae Technology worked on corporate database projects for Chevron Corp. and Wells Fargo. An online banking project at Wells Fargo Bank gave the Rae team insight in how the Web could work for companies in the future world of Internet and browsers. The SOLO architecture seemed to be perfectly suited and to be flexible enough to address the need of building something yet new: web sites. The filing of fundamental patents for web site design was in preparation. From Rae to NetObjects There are no publicly available balance sheets from Rae Technology but the highly competitive and rather small PIM market should n
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swing%20%28video%20game%29	Swing is a computer puzzle game, released for the PlayStation and PC, developed in Germany by the now defunct Software 2000. The game was released in the US under the name Marble Master. A downgraded version of the game was released for the Game Boy Color. Released in 1997, the object of the game is to score points by dropping balls onto sets of see-saws, in rows of three or more of the same colour. The twist, however, is that each ball has a different weight, determined by the number written on the front of it. The higher the number, the heavier the ball. This means that if a ball is placed onto one side of the see-saw which is heavier than the total value of the balls on the other side, the balance would be upset, sending the top ball flying across the playing field to land on another column. Cascade 'throws' can be achieved, and the game is over if a column reaches too tall. A variety of bonus balls, all with special uses, also feature. Reception In the UK, the Official UK PlayStation Magazine gave the game 6 out of 10. According to them, the game was just 'another tetris clone'. The review also described the difficulty as perching "somewhere between the taxing and the brutal." Legacy In 1999, a sequel was released: Swing Plus: Total Mind Control. The game was never released outside Germany. In 2008, a Java open source remake was made named XSwing Plus and released under GPLv2 and CC BY. In 2015, a remake for Android made in Unity3D was released as Color-X-Plode. One year later it was also released for iOS. References 1997 video games DOS games Game Boy Color games Java platform games Marble video games Multiplayer and single-player video games PlayStation (console) games Puzzle video games Software 2000 games Video games developed in Germany Windows games
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karlevi%20Runestone	The Karlevi Runestone, designated as Öl 1 by Rundata, is commonly dated to the late 10th century and located near the Kalmarsund straight in Karlevi on the island of Öland, Sweden. It is one of the most notable and prominent runestones and constitutes the oldest record of a stanza of skaldic verse. Description The runic inscription on the Karlevi Runestone is partly in prose, partly in verse. It is the only example of a complete scaldic stanza preserved on a runestone and is composed in the "lordly meter" the dróttkvætt. It is notable for mentioning Thor's daughter Þrúðr and Viðurr, one of the names for Odin, in kennings for "chieftain." In the second half of the stanza a reference is made to Denmark, but it is not clear what exactly this means in this poetic context. The stone is contemporary with the Battle of the Fýrisvellir and it is consequently possible that the stone was raised by warriors who partook in it, in memory of their lord. The inscription, which is on a granite stone that is 1.4 meters in height, is classified as being in runestone style RAK. This is the classification with inscriptions with runic text in bands that have no attached dragon or serpent heads and the ends of the runic bands are straight. The non-runic inscription on the reverse side appears to be accompanied by a small Christian cross and a Norse pagan Thor's hammer, or Mjöllnir. Other surviving runestones or inscriptions depicting Thor's hammer include runestones U 1161 in Altuna, Sö 86 in Åby, Sö 111 in Stenkvista, Vg 113 in Lärkegapet, DR 26 in Laeborg, DR 48 in Hanning, DR 120 in Spentrup, and DR 331 in Gårdstånga. Inscription Transliteration of the runes into Latin characters: + s-a... --(s)- i(a)s * satr * aiftir * si(b)(a) * kuþa * sun * fultars * in hons ** liþi * sati * at * u * -ausa-þ-... +: fulkin : likr : hins : fulkþu : flaistr (:)* uisi * þat * maistar * taiþir : tulka * þruþar : traukr : i : þaimsi * huki * munat : raiþ:uiþur : raþa : ruk:starkr * i * tanmarku : --ntils : iarmun**kruntar : urkrontari : lonti A more idiomatic English translation of the poetic stanza is provided by Foote & Wilson: Tree of Thrúd of hostilities, the man whom the greatest virtues accompanied - most men know that - lies buried in this mound; a more upright chariot-Vidur of wondrous-wide ground of Endil will not rule, strife-strong, land in Denmark. The reverse side of the stone also has a non-runic inscription In nomin[e] (?) Ie[su] (?) which may mean "In the name of Jesus." Notes External links A presentation with pictures at the Foteviken Museum website. Bibliography Foote, Peter & Wilson, David M.: The Viking Achievement. 1989 . Jansson Sven B. F.: Runinskrifter i Sverige. 1984. 201 pages. Salberger, Evert: "Dedikationen på Karlevi-Stenen, Mansnamn och Versform." Sydsvenska Ortnamnssällskapets Årsskrift 1997. pp. 88–115. Strid, Jan Paul: Runstenar. Malmö 1991. 119 pages. Söderberg, Sven: Sveriges Runinskrifter. Bd 1, "Ölands Runinskrifter." Stockholm 1900–1906
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genie%20Engine	The Genie Engine is a game engine developed by Ensemble Studios and used in several computer games, such as Age of Empires, Age of Empires II and its expansions (but is not used in other Ensemble Studios games) and Star Wars: Galactic Battlegrounds. Some of those games have been ported to the Apple Mac. Development The Genie engine was developed as the basis for Ensemble Studios' first game, Age of Empires which had the development name of "Dawn of Man". The designers received much of their inspiration from the game Civilization, with its proven historical setting; this was noted among reviewers as something positive. Age of Empires was designed by Bruce Shelley, Tony Goodman (in charge of the game's artwork), Dave Pottinger (in charge of the game's artificial intelligence), and Matt Pritchard (in charge of the game's graphics). The game was described as "Civilization II meets Warcraft II" and this shows in the game's engine design. Like Warcraft it is real time strategy but unlike Warcraft and like Civilization II it is historical and has an isometric perspective. The design team for the sequel, The Age of Kings, intended to complete the game within a year by using code from the original and reusing the game engine. Several months into the process they found they would not be able to complete a game of the quality they sought in that time. Ensemble Studios informed Microsoft they would need another year and instead created Age of Empires: The Rise of Rome, an easily developed expansion pack of Age of Empires, as a compromise which could be released for Christmas 1998. To help meet the next year's deadline, additional programmers, artists, and designers were employed. The original Age of Empires had been criticized for its artificial intelligence (AI). Because the original AI did not "cheat" by attributing itself extra resources or using other techniques the human player could not, it was easier to defeat than in many other real-time strategy games. For The Age of Kings, Ensemble Studios attempted to develop a more powerful AI system that did not compromise by cheating. Industry veteran Mario Grimani led Ensemble Studios in the creation of the new system. To overcome another significant objection to Age of Empires—that of path finding—the team completely redesigned the game engine's movement system. The team was less successful in resolving other issues; programmer Matt Pritchard complained following the release of Age of Empires that there was still no process by which patches could be issued. Extensive cheating in multiplayer games of Age of Empires came as a result of several bugs in the game, which resulted in Microsoft promising Ensemble Studios there would be a patch process for The Age of Kings. On release, there were several bugs that needed immediate attention, but the patch process was not yet ready. The first patch was released 11 months later. Ensemble Studios developed a new terrain system for The Age of Kings, with 3D presen
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyberman%20%28audio%20drama%20series%29	Cyberman is a series of Big Finish Productions audio drama based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who. Eight audio plays were produced in 2 series of 4 CDs. The series takes place during a fictional time in the Doctor Who universe known as the Orion Wars. During the Orion Wars, humanity is at war with androids who no longer wish to be under human control. The center of the action is Project Scorpius, a "military project gone dark, off the books." The series is produced by Nicholas Briggs and Big Finish Managing Director Jason Haigh-Ellery. Cast Series 1 (2005) Samantha – Hannah Smith Paul Hunt / Comms / Security – Barnaby Edwards Hendry/Helliton/Glaust/Karen's Father/Protester/Guard – Ian Brooker Duncan Levinson / Captain / Pilot / Public Address / Soldier – Toby Longworth SSC Control/Operations Officer/Helm – Samantha Sanns Comp – Samantha Sanns Admiral Karen Brett – Sarah Mowat Captain Liam Barnaby / Nash – Mark McDonnell Computer – Hannah Smith Cyberman/CyberPlanner/Control/Guard/Reporter – Nicholas Briggs Series 2 (2009) Liam Barnaby – Mark McDonnell Samantha Thorn – Hannah Smith Paul Hunt – Barnaby Edwards Hazel Trahn – Jo Castleton Yan – Ian Brooker Chessman – Ian Brooker Milo Taggart – Andrew Dickens Louis Richter – Toby Hadoke Merced – Martin Trent Becca Trahn – Cal Jaggers Janice Webb – Jess Robinson The News – Stuart Crossman Cybermen/CyberPlanner – Nicholas Briggs Episodes Series 1 (2005) Series 2 (2009) References External links Cyberman at the Big Finish Website Audio plays based on Doctor Who Big Finish Productions Doctor Who spin-offs Cyberman audio plays
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrobarometer	The Afrobarometer is a pan-African, independent, non-partisan research network that measures public attitudes on economic, political, and social matters in Africa. Its secretariat headquarters are in Accra, Ghana, registered as a limited company by guarantee by the Registrar-General’s Department of the Republic of Ghana. Surveys The surveys are carried out by region through a partnership of the Ghana Center for Democratic Development (CDD Ghana), the Institute for Justice and Reconciliation in South Africa, and the Institute for Development Studies at the University of Nairobi. The Institute for Democracy, Citizenship and Public Policy in Africa at the University of Cape Town and the Department of Political Science at Michigan State University are technical partners. Afrobarometer surveys are conducted in more than 40 African countries and are repeated on a regular cycle. The Afrobarometer is carried out in Algeria, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Côte d'Ivoire, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. The Afrobarometer currently covers 21 survey topics: Conflict and crime, Democracy, Elections, Gender Equality, Governance, Identity, Macroeconomics and Markets, Political Participation, Poverty, Public Services, Social Capital, Tolerance, Access to Justice, Citizenship, China, Energy Supply, and Pan-Africanism/Regionalism. Methodology Afrobarometer achieves this measurement through a series of face-to-face interviews with a random sample of 1,200, 1,600 or 2,400 people in each country. Because the instrument asks standard set of questions, countries can be systematically compared. Trends in public attitudes are tracked over time. Results are shared with decision makers, policy advocates, civic educators, journalists, researchers, donors and investors, as well as average Africans who wish to become more informed and active citizens. History Afrobarometer was founded by Professor Robert Mattes of the University of Cape Town (while based at IDASA) now at Strathclyde University, Emeritus Professor Michael Bratton of Michigan State University and Emeritus Professor Emmanuel Gyimah-Boadi of CDD Ghana and University of Ghana, Legon in 1999. Mattes is now senior advisor at Afrobarometer, Bratton is a former director of Afrobarometer and now senior advisor and a board member. Gyimah-Boadi is the chairman of the board and Dr Joseph Asunka the CEO. The organisation has conducted nine main rounds of surveys, covering a total of 41 African countries, as well as a number of individual surveys. Round 9 surveys ran from 2022 to early 2023. Round 8 surveys began in the latter half of 2019 and completed in late 2021. Round 7 surveys started in December 2016 and completed in June
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Strawhatters	The Strawhatters is an American television summer variety show that aired on the national DuMont network in the 1950s. Broadcast history The show aired on the DuMont network from May 27, 1953, until September 9, 1953, and again in 1954, from June 23 until September 8 of that year. Episodes of the program had also been seen on WABD, the New York City-area DuMont station, in 1952, before it aired nationally. For 1954, the program was retitled Summer in the Park. Filmed at Palisades Amusement Park in New Jersey, across the Hudson River from New York City, The Strawhatters featured talent shows, musical entertainment, and diving exhibitions. The Complete Directory to Primetime Network and Cable TV Shows (8th edition, 2003) called The Strawhatters "essentially an hour-long advertisement for Palisades Amusement Park." The program was hosted and emceed by Bob Haymes, followed by Bill Wendell in 1952, Johnny Olson in 1953, and Virginia Graham in 1954. See also List of programs broadcast by the DuMont Television Network List of surviving DuMont Television Network broadcasts References Bibliography David Weinstein, The Forgotten Network: DuMont and the Birth of American Television (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2004) Alex McNeil, Total Television, Fourth edition (New York: Penguin Books, 1980) Tim Brooks and Earle Marsh, The Complete Directory to Prime Time Network TV Shows, Third edition (New York: Ballantine Books, 1964) External links The Strawhatters at IMDB DuMont historical website DuMont Television Network original programming 1953 American television series debuts 1954 American television series endings 1950s American variety television series Black-and-white American television shows Television shows set in New Jersey
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20D.%20Foley	James David Foley (born July 20, 1942) is an American computer scientist and computer graphics researcher. He is a Professor Emeritus and held the Stephen Fleming Chair in Telecommunications in the School of Interactive Computing at Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech). He was Interim Dean of Georgia Tech's College of Computing from 2008–2010. He is perhaps best known as the co-author of several widely used textbooks in the field of computer graphics, of which over 400,000 copies are in print and translated in ten languages. Foley most recently conducted research in instructional technologies and distance education. Early life and education Foley was born in Pennsylvania. He attended Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, where he graduated with a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering in 1964. Foley was initiated into the Phi Beta Kappa Society and Tau Beta Pi while at Lehigh. He received his Ph.D. in computer, information, and control engineering from the University of Michigan in 1969. Career After completing his graduate studies, Foley was first employed by the University of North Carolina. In 1977, he accepted a faculty position at George Washington University, where he became chairman of the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. Foley joined the Georgia Tech faculty in 1991. Shortly after moving to Georgia Tech, Foley founded the GVU Center, which in 1996 was ranked first by U.S. News & World Report for graduate computer science work in graphics and user interaction. That same year, he was appointed director of the Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories (MERL) in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Foley also served as editor-in-chief of ACM Transactions on Graphics from 1991 to 1995. In 1997, Foley was recognized by ACM SIGGRAPH with the prestigious Steven A. Coons Award. The receipt of this biannual award places Foley among the company of computer graphics pioneers such as Andy van Dam, Jim Blinn, Edwin Catmull and Ivan Sutherland. In 2007 he was recognized by ACM SIGCHI with their Lifetime Achievement Award. Foley accepted the position of chairman and CEO of Mitsubishi Electric Information Technology Center America (MEITCA) in 1998, directing corporate R&D at four labs in North America. He returned to Georgia as Executive Director and then CEO of Yamacraw, Georgia's economic development initiative in the design of broadband systems, devices and chips. Foley became chairman of the Computing Research Association (CRA) in 2001. He stepped down from this position in 2005 but remained on CRA's board of directors until 2006. Foley Scholars Endowment The Foley Scholars Endowment was established in honor of James Foley as part of the GVU Center's 15th anniversary celebration. The endowment funds two $5,000 scholarships awarded annually to GVU-affiliated students who demonstrate "overall brilliance and potential impact." The first two Foley Scholars were named in 2008. Notable awards IEEE Fellow, 19
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elite%20Xtreme%20Combat	Elite Xtreme Combat, also known as EliteXC, was a United States-based mixed martial arts (MMA) organization owned and operated by ProElite. It was founded as a partnership between Showtime Networks and ProElite and officially announced on December 14, 2006. It was headquartered in Los Angeles. The partnership to form EliteXC was announced on November 13, 2006. The first major event occurred February 10, 2007 at the DeSoto Civic Center in Southaven, Mississippi. Fighters Frank Shamrock and Renzo Gracie fought in the main event. Also debuting on this card was Charles Bennett, K. J. Noons, Mike Pyle and Antônio Silva. In early 2008, EliteXC had reached an agreement with CBS to broadcast EliteXC shows on prime time. The arrangement was that CBS would broadcast EliteXC specials every other month on Saturday nights. CBS aired only three events in 2008, on May 31, July 26, and October 4. EliteXC events This is a list of events held and scheduled by Elite Xtreme Combat (EliteXC), a mixed martial arts organization based in the United States. The first event took place in February 2007. The list includes three events that EliteXC co-promoted (Dynamite!! USA, Strikeforce Shamrock vs. Baroni, and Strikeforce: Shamrock vs. Le) with other MMA organizations. Two events were shown initially on pay-per-view, while the others aired on the Showtime cable network or on CBS. ShoXC On July 11, 2007, it was announced that Proelite.com and Showtime would produce a new series titled ShoXC. The monthly shows featured up-and-coming MMA talent, similar to Showtime's ShoBox boxing events. The first took place on July 27, 2007. The first event was co-promoted with King of the Cage and was also known as KOTC: Undisputed. Partnership with Cage Rage On September 7, 2007, ProElite, Inc. announced that they had officially acquired British MMA organization Cage Rage Championships. EliteXC and Cage Rage Championships planned numerous joint ventures together, beginning with Cage Rage 23. Partnership with DREAM On May 10, 2008 EliteXC announced a working partnership with Japanese promotion Dream. The two groups intended to share fighters (Eddie Alvarez, Jason Miller and Nick Diaz have already participated in Dream events) and eventually co-promote shows. Co-promoting with Affliction On September 24, 2008 EliteXC announced a working partnership with rival US promotion Affliction. Affliction offered Andrei Arlovski vs. Roy Nelson for the EliteXC: Heat card on CBS. In addition, Affliction heavily promoted their line through commercials on the show. It was hoped that the two companies would survive a rocky financial situation long enough to co-promote fights again in the future. Controversy and closing of EliteXC On October 4, 2008 at EliteXC: Heat, EliteXC's biggest ratings draw Kimbo Slice was knocked out just 14 seconds into his bout with Seth Petruzelli. Petruzelli served as a last-minute replacement for MMA pioneer Ken Shamrock, who got injured on the day of the fight and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug%20Abuse%20Warning%20Network	The Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN) was a public health surveillance system in the United States that monitored drug-related visits to hospital emergency departments and drug-related deaths. DAWN was discontinued in 2011, but its creator, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), continues to develop other sources of data on drug-related emergency visits. Organization Hospitals participating in DAWN are non-federal, short-stay general hospitals that feature a 24-hour emergency department. Patients are never interviewed. All data are collected through a retrospective review of patient medical records and decedent case files. DAWN collects detailed drug data, including illegal drugs of abuse, prescription and over-the-counter medications, dietary supplements, and non-pharmaceutical inhalants. Because the DAWN cases are defined broadly, DAWN captures many different types of drug-related cases. The whole point of this organization is to find out how many people abuse most drugs. They also seek short-stay hospitals, when a case is drug-related. History In 1974, DAWN was designed and developed by the scientific staff of the DEA's Office of Science and Technology. It was jointly funded with the National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA). DAWN then became a division of the United States Department of Justice before becoming part of NIDA in 1980. On October 1, 1992, DAWN became part the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services. SAMHSA has contracted with Westat, a private research corporation, to manage the New DAWN on the agency's behalf. Controversy Information collected by DAWN is widely cited by drug policy officials, who have sometimes confused drug-related episodes – emergency department visits induced by drugs – with drug mentions. The Wisconsin Department of Justice claimed, "In Wisconsin, marijuana overdose visits in emergency rooms equal to heroin or morphine, twice as common as Valium." Common Sense for Drug Policy called this as a distortion, noting, "The federal DAWN report itself notes that reports of marijuana do not mean people are going to the hospital for a marijuana overdose, it only means that people going to the hospital mention marijuana as a drug they use". This criticism is also not correct. DAWN has recently clarified their use of the term "drug mention" in methodology because of this erroneous claim. The data is collected by a systematic and confidential review of patients' medical records. Thus, for example, a patient who broke an arm while high on marijuana would not be included in the data. A report released by DAWN in 2002 claims that marijuana overdose alone resulted in documented deaths in Atlanta and Boston, respectively. However, there is no known record or evidence to support the existence of a case of human fatality by result of marijuana overdose. References External links D
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruffle	Ruffle or ruffles may refer to: Ruffle (sewing), a gathered or pleated strip of fabric Ruffle (software), a Flash Player emulator written in the Rust programming language Ruffles (potato chips), a brand of potato chips Ruffles and flourishes, a fanfare for ceremonial music played on drums and bugles Ruffle Bar, an island in the US state of New York Raspberry Ruffle, a UK chocolate bar manufactured by Tangerine Confectionery Jonathan Ruffle, a British writer See also Ruff (disambiguation)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search%20appliance	A search appliance (SA) is a type of computer appliance which is attached to a corporate network for the purpose of indexing the content shared across that network in a way that is similar to a web search engine. Architecture A search appliance is usually made up of several components. These include a gathering component, a standardizing component, a data storage area, a search component, a user interface component, and a management interface component: The gathering component is usually a web crawler or file crawler that goes out on a network or the Internet and gathers files and data from specified locations. This might include SMB shared directories, NFS shared directories, databases, and web pages. The crawler might either copy files to the search appliance, or only copy the metadata about the file. A standardizing component takes the data from the gathering component and transposes it into a standardized format for storage in the data storage component. It then places it in the data storage area. The data storage component holds metadata about the files and might also contain copies of the actual file or data as well as the metadata about the file. The search component searches through the stored metadata from the files and provides the information to the search interface in the form of query results. It also can provide links to the copies of the files stored on the search appliance, or it can provide links to the original files in the source locations. The search interface is the component where users compose their search queries. It provides instructions to the search component and displays query results to the user. The management interface lets administrators manage user accounts, permissions, adding and deleting search indexes, crawl job scheduling, and other relevant functions. See also List of search appliance vendors Enterprise search Information retrieval Search engine References Search engine software Server appliance
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pebbles%2C%20Volume%2012%20%281983%20album%29	Pebbles, Volume 12 is a compilation album among the LPs in the Pebbles series. The music on this album has no relation to Pebbles, Volume 12 that was released on CD many years later. Release data This album was released by AIP Records (as #AIP-10002), in 1983 and was kept in print for many years, with reissues as late as 1995. Notes on the tracks The Vejtables, from San Francisco are among the better known bands that are featured in the Pebbles series; their lead singer, Jan Errico would later move to the Mojo Men. These Outcasts are not the same band that was featured on Pebbles, Volume 1. Track listing Side 1: The Nomads: "From Zero Down" (Deatherage/Evans), 2:31 The Teddy Boys: "Mona" (Elias B. McDaniel), 2:52 The Coming Times: "Keep the Music Playing" (Rosenberg), 2:25 The Breakers: "Don't Send Me No Flowers (I Ain't Dead Yet)" (Weiss), 2:08 – Rel. 1965 Peter & the Rabbits: "Someone I've Got My Eyes Upon" (Gayden), 1:57 Pawnee Drive: "Ride" (Roberts), 2:31 – Rel. 1969 The Mad Hatters: "I'll Come Running" (Stuart/Berns), 2:22 Side 2: The Vejtables: "Feel the Music" (Bailey/Fortunato), 2:50 Clockwork Orange: "Your Golden Touch" (Terry Frazier), 2:12 Clockwork Orange: "Do Me Right Now" (Doug Kershaw), 1:30 Richard and the Young Lions: "You Can Make It" (Brown/Bloodworth/Nader), 2:38 The Outcasts: "I Didn't Have to Love Her Anymore" (Foley), 3:11 The Jam: "Something's Gone" (Terry Smith), 2:53 The Free Thinkers: "You Were Born for Me" (Wes Farrell/Doc Pomus), 2:27 Pebbles (series) albums 1983 compilation albums
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Surreal%20Life%3A%20Fame%20Games	The Surreal Life: Fame Games is an American reality television series originally broadcast on the VH1 cable network. A spin-off of the VH1 show, The Surreal Life, the show assembled ten alumni of the show's six prior seasons to compete in a ten-week competition that takes place in Las Vegas, with the winner taking home a prize of $100,000 provided by the online gaming site Golden Palace.net. Robin Leach was the host. The contestants also competed in a game show format elimination round in each episode called "Back to Reality" that saw the losers, in the first three weeks of the competition, sent to "the B-List" which consisted of living in a less luxurious wing of the mansion than the rest of the housemates, who were designated as "the A-List". In the later weeks, when the teams were split evenly, they competed in team competitions where the losing team must send three members to play "Back to Reality" to eliminate one person from the competition entirely. The show featured a theme song titled "I Wanna Be Famous" recorded by cast member C.C. Deville from his album Samantha 7. Contestants Game summary Legend The Fame Gamer won the Competition The Fame Gamer is in the B-list The Fame Gamer is in the A-list The Fame Gamer was Eliminated The Fame Gamer won the Reward Challenge The Fame Gamer was sent to "Back to Reality" The Fame Gamer quit the Competition Notes In Episode 1, Jordan Knight went home due to the death of his grandmother and he was replaced by Verne Troyer. In Episode 6, the A-List and The B-list teams were no longer used and it became an individual competition. In Episode 7, the Fame Gamers who were in the bottom three are not sent to "Back to Reality", but instead, the person with the fewest points was instantly eliminated. Episodes References External links Surreal Life Fame Games on AOL -- Weekly Coverage with Exclusive Robin Leach Interviews 2007 American television series debuts 2007 American television series endings 2000s American reality television series VH1 original programming The Surreal Life spinoffs Television shows set in the Las Vegas Valley English-language television shows Vanilla Ice Television series by Endemol Television series by Lionsgate Television American television spin-offs Reality television spin-offs
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great%20Canadian%20Food%20Show	The Great Canadian Food Show is a Canadian television series, which has aired on CBC Television, with repeats later seen on Food Network Canada. Hosted by Carlo Rota, the series travels across Canada to profile the many varieties of Canadian cuisine. External links Great Canadian Food Show CBC Television original programming Food Network (Canadian TV channel) original programming 2000s Canadian cooking television series
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20sequenced%20archaeal%20genomes	This list of sequenced archaeal genomes contains all the archaea known to have publicly available complete genome sequences that have been assembled, annotated and deposited in public databases. Methanococcus jannaschii was the first archaeon whose genome was sequenced, in 1996. Currently in this list there are 39 genomes belonging to Crenarchaeota species, 105 belonging to the Euryarchaeota, 1 genome belonging to Korarchaeota and to the Nanoarchaeota, 3 belonging to the Thaumarchaeota and 1 genome belonging to an unclassified Archaea, totalling 150 Archaeal genomes. Crenarchaeota Acidilobales Desulforococcales Sulfolobales Thermoproteales Euryarchaeota Archaeoglobi Halobacteria Methanobacteria Methanococci Methanomicrobia Methanopyri Thermococci Thermoplasmata Unclassified Euryarchaeota Korarchaeota Nanoarchaeota Thaumarchaeota Cenarchaeales Nitrosopumilales Unclassified Archaea See also Genome project Human microbiome project Lists of sequenced genomes References External links GOLD:Genomes OnLine Database v 2.0 SUPERFAMILY comparative genomics database Includes genomes of completely sequenced archaea, and sophisticated datamining plus visualisation tools for analysis Archaea biology Archaeal Biology-related lists
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSI%20Comp%2080	In 1979, the British magazine Wireless World published the technical details for a "Scientific Computer". Shortly afterward the British firm Powertran used this design for their implementation, which they called the PSI Comp 80. It was sold in the form of a kit of parts for a cased single-board home computer system. The system was based on a Z80 Microprocessor addressing a mixture of 8 KB of system RAM and EPROM, plus 2 KB of Video RAM. It used a National Semiconductor MM57109N as a mathematical co-processor to speed up calculations. The monochrome Video Display Controller could simultaneously display combinations of 32 lines of 64 characters, and 128 x 64 resolution graphics by either displaying a normal character or a "pseudo graphics" character, with pixel blocks in a 2x2 matrix. A technique similar to the one used in the TRS-80 - It could later be expanded to a higher resolution, although never to colour. Ahead of its time, it incorporated a number crunching coprocessor and a novel language embedded in EPROM called Basic Using Reverse Polish - BURP. Add-ons were developed for the system, including memory expansions, floppy and hard disk interfaces, various software packages and a disk operating system, SCIDOS, which was CP/M-compatible but also included features - structured (pathed) disk folders, etc. - now very familiar to modern-day PC users. During the mid-1980s, the designer of this system, John Adams M.SC., published a new version of the Scientific Computer - the SC84 (Scientific Computer of 1984). It was based upon a backplane and plug-in cards and modules and featuring a Hitachi HD64180 processor, up to 512 kbytes of RAM and a high resolution colour graphics system. References PSI 2020 External links a picture of the advertisement for the PSI Comp 80 in Wireless World Links to Wireless World articles SC84 article Home computers
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BatterUP	BatterUP is a "24-inch foam-covered plastic" baseball bat-shaped controller manufactured for the personal computer, Sega Genesis, and the Super Nintendo Entertainment System by Sports Sciences Inc. Compatible Super NES games Cal Ripken Jr. Baseball, 1992 Mindscape ESPN Baseball Tonight, 1994 Sony Imagesoft Hardball III, 1994 Accolade Ken Griffey Jr. Presents Major League Baseball, 1994 Nintendo Ken Griffey, Jr.'s Winning Run, 1996 Nintendo MLBPA Baseball, 1994 EA Sports Sports Illustrated: Championship Football & Baseball, 1993 Malibu Games Tecmo Super Baseball, 1994 Tecmo Super Batter Up, 1993 Namco Compatible Sega Genesis games Sports Talk Baseball, 1992 Sega World Series Baseball, 1994 Sega Hardball III, 1993 Accolade Hardball '94, 1994 Accolade RBI Baseball '93, 1993 Tengen RBI Baseball '94, 1994 Tengen Cal Ripken Jr. Baseball, 1992 Mindscape ESPN Baseball Tonight, 1994 Sony Imagesoft Super Baseball 2020, 1993 Electronic Arts Tony La Russa Baseball, 1993 EA Sports MLBPA Baseball, 1994 EA Sports Reception According to Business Wire, "the video version of Batter Up was chosen by the editors of Popular Science as one of 1994's most innovative products. Batter Up was also chosen as a winner of Innovations '95 by the Consumer Electronics Show." See also Super Scope Wii Remote References External links Batter Up! Nintendo controllers Super Nintendo Entertainment System accessories Sega Genesis Computer-related introductions in 1994
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital%20News%20Network	DNN was a rolling news service on Digital Radio in the United Kingdom. Background It was revolutionary for the British radio market as it was the first regional network of rolling news stations. Set up in 2001, the network of five stations was available in the Manchester and the North West, Newcastle and the North East, Cardiff and Wales/West, Birmingham and the West Midlands and from 2003 in Leeds and Yorkshire. Sue Owen was the stations launch director, with Dave Richards as her Deputy Editor. Richards took on her role upon her departure for BBC Radio Stoke just six months after the stations launched. This followed a culling of staff through redundancy. The stations ran on a 20-minute menu of news, sport, travel, business and showbiz. It was a truly dip in service for news junkies, hence the strap: The News you Want, When you Want it! DNN also acted as a news bulletin provider to around 30 stations across the UK offering regional news, sport and travel. It was thought it would go on to be a regional rival to IRN. DNN was set up by Capital (GCap Media), Chrysalis Radio and GMG as part of the bid to win regional DAB licenses from the Radio Authority, who later became Ofcom. Regulations have always demanded news and local content on new stations and DNN was seen as the carrot to win the new multiplex licenses. DNN's target audience was male and female, 35 to 55 and ABC1. After 5 years of operation and little investment DNN was absorbed into LBC at the end of 2006 by the then sole owner Chrysalis. and LBC's London talk station was heard on the MXR regional multiplexes. A reduced digital news bulletin service was moved out of DNN's Heart Birmingham home and into Chrysalis London, which subsequently became Global Radio. However, in December 2008, the DAB regional news bulletins and travel reports ceased. LBC and Heart Digital are now a straight relay of the news bulletins and output of the London FM stations, and The Arrow is now a non-stop, DJ-free music station, Station Sound DNN's station sound was developed by QSonic and an example of the jingle package is available on sound cloud. https://soundcloud.com/drewfoolery/digital-news-network-dnn Presenters Bill Steel Anita Clements John Collins Dave Richards Gareth Setter Amy Armstrong James Rea Sue Owen Caroline Beavon Dave McMullan Carl Edwards (ITV News) Lisa Dowd (Sky News) Chris Blakemore (BBC WM) See also Sky News Radio References News and talk radio stations in the United Kingdom Defunct radio stations in the United Kingdom Former British radio networks Radio stations established in 2001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin%20Grams%20Jr.	Martin Grams Jr. (born April 19, 1977) is an American popular culture historian who wrote and co-wrote over thirty books about network broadcasting and motion-pictures. Born in Baltimore, Maryland, Grams is the son of a magician, Martin Grams Sr. and Mary Patricia Grams, a librarian. Grams is also the author of more than 100 magazine articles. Grams is the recipient of the 1999 Ray Stanich Award, the 2005 Stone/Waterman Award, and the 2004 Parley Baer Award for his contribution to preserving the arts. In February 2022, he received the Stan Cawelti award from the Metro Washington OTR Club. In an interview for USA Today in April 2011, Grams stood his ground on a controversial subject regarding research in a digital age. In November 2010, Grams publicly stated: "I know of no serious researcher or scholar who uses the internet as reference for their studies. They should use the internet as a 'tool' for research... Myths begin when mistakes in prior publications carry over into new publications. Reprinted many times, a myth becomes the gospel... proving that fifteen books can be wrong and 100 websites are definitely wrong." Many of his books include forewords by celebrities including Patricia Hitchcock, daughter of Alfred Hitchcock, contributing to his The Alfred Hitchcock Presents Companion; Joe Dante for Way Out: A History and Episode Guide to Roald Dahl's Spooky 1961 Television Program; George Clayton Johnson for his award-winning The Twilight Zone: Unlocking the Door to a Television Classic; and Bob Barker for Truth or Consequences, The Quiz Show That was a National Phenomenon. Martin Grams provided audio commentary for The Twilight Zone Blu-ray release. He wrote and narrated a video documentary for the Inner Sanctum Mystery Blu-ray Release. He also wrote the liner notes for over fifty DVD and Blu-ray releases including the VCI entertainment release of The Green Hornet (1940) and The Green Hornet Strikes Again (1941), reviewed as "wonderfully detailed liner notes by writers Martin Grams Jr., and Terry Salomonson". Martin served as the editor of Radio Recall, a bi-monthly newsletter for the Metro Washington OTR Club, from 2017 to April 2021. Martin was nominated twice for the Rondo award, winning the 2008 award for ‘Best Book of the Year’ for The Twilight Zone: Unlocking the Door to a Television Classic. Martin and his wife are volunteers for the annual non-profit film festival known as the Mid-Atlantic Nostalgia Convention. Martin also volunteers for the WIlliamsburg Film Festival, which began in 1997. Works Suspense: Twenty Years of Thrills and Chills Morris Publishing, 1998 The History of the Cavalcade of America Morris Publishing, 1999. The CBS Radio Mystery Theater: An Episode Guide and Handbook to Nine Years of Broadcasting, 1974–1982 McFarland Publishing, 1999. The Alfred Hitchcock Story Britain Unk, 1999. Radio Drama: American Programs, 1932–1962 McFarland Publishing, 2000. The Have Gun – Will Travel Companion OTR
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass%20databases	Glass databases are a collection of glass compositions, glass properties, glass models, associated trademark names, patents etc. These data were collected from publications in scientific papers and patents, from personal communication with scientists and engineers, and other relevant sources. History Since the beginning of scientific glass research in the 19th century thousands of glass property-composition datasets were published. The first attempt to summarize all those data systematically was the monograph "Glastechnische Tabellen". World War II and the Cold War prevented similar efforts for many years afterwards. In 1956 "Phase Diagrams for Ceramists" was published the first time, containing a collection of phase diagrams. This database is known today as "Phase Equilibria Diagrams". In 1991 the Japanese database Interglad was created, followed by the publication of the "Handbook of Glass Data" in 1993. The "Handbook of Glass Data" was later digitalized and substantially expanded under the name SciGlass. Currently, SciGlass contains properties of about 350,000 glass compositions, INTERGLAD about 300,000, and "Phase Equilibria Diagrams" includes about 20,000 diagrams. In 2023 the re-emergence of the SciGlass database as SciGlass Sage which offers "AI" assistance, a property Predictor is powered by random forest regression models and the Generator uses the predictive models in conjunction with genetic algorithms. Glass database contents The following list of glass database contents is not complete, and it may not be up to date. For full features see the references section below. All databases contain citations to the original data sources and the chemical composition of the glasses or ceramics. SciGlass: Viscosity, density, mechanical properties, optical properties (including optical spectra), thermal expansion and other thermal properties, electrical properties, chemical durability, liquidus temperatures, crystallization characteristics, ternary diagrams of glass formation, glass property calculation methods, patent and trademark index, subject index etc. Interglad: Viscosity, density, mechanical properties, optical properties, electrical properties, statistical analysis, liquidus temperatures, ternary property diagrams Phase Equilibria Diagrams: Phase diagrams, including liquidus and solidus temperatures, eutectic points, crystalline phases, primary crystalline phases Application Experimental planning, expected properties and appropriate glass compositions can be estimated from similar data. Calculation of glass properties based on many independent data sources. Scientific understanding of glass composition-property relations. Design of glass compositions that are not patented by the competition. System design and optimization including design for purpose and design for cost. References Glass engineering and science Glass chemistry Chemical databases Ceramic materials
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2-opt	In optimization, 2-opt is a simple local search algorithm for solving the traveling salesman problem. The 2-opt algorithm was first proposed by Croes in 1958, although the basic move had already been suggested by Flood. The main idea behind it is to take a route that crosses over itself and reorder it so that it does not. A complete 2-opt local search will compare every possible valid combination of the swapping mechanism. This technique can be applied to the traveling salesman problem as well as many related problems. These include the vehicle routing problem (VRP) as well as the capacitated VRP, which require minor modification of the algorithm. Pseudocode Visually, one swap looks like: - A B - - A - B - × ==> - C D - - C - D - In pseudocode, the mechanism by which the 2-opt swap manipulates a given route is as follows. Here v1 and v2 are the first vertices of the edges you wish to swap when traversing through the route: procedure 2optSwap(route, v1, v2) { 1. take route[0] to route[v1] and add them in order to new_route 2. take route[v1+1] to route[v2] and add them in reverse order to new_route 3. take route[v2+1] to route[start] and add them in order to new_route return new_route; } Here is an example of the above with arbitrary input: Example route: A → B → E → D → C → F → G → H → A Example parameters: v1=1, v2=4 (assuming starting index is 0) Contents of new_route by step: (A → B) A → B → (C → D → E) A → B → C → D → E → (F → G → H → A) This is the complete 2-opt swap making use of the above mechanism: repeat until no improvement is made { best_distance = calculateTotalDistance(existing_route) start_again: for (i = 0; i <= number of nodes eligible to be swapped - 1; i++) { for (j = i + 1; j <= number of nodes eligible to be swapped; j++) { new_route = 2optSwap(existing_route, i, j) new_distance = calculateTotalDistance(new_route) if (new_distance < best_distance) { existing_route = new_route best_distance = new_distance goto start_again } } } } Note: If you start/end at a particular node or depot, then you must remove this from the search as an eligible candidate for swapping, as reversing the order will cause an invalid path. For example, with depot at A: A → B → C → D → A Swapping using node[0] and node[2] would yield C → B → A → D → A which is not valid (does not leave from A, the depot). Efficient Implementation Building the new route and calculating the distance of the new route can be a very expensive operation, usually where is the number of vertices in the route. This can be skipped in the symmetrical case (where the distance between two nodes is the same in each opposite direction) by performing an operation. Since a 2-opt operation involves removing 2 edges and adding 2 different edges we ca
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-opt	See also 2-opt Local search (optimization) Lin–Kernighan heuristic References Heuristic algorithms Travelling salesman problem
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lin%E2%80%93Kernighan%20heuristic	In combinatorial optimization, Lin–Kernighan is one of the best heuristics for solving the symmetric travelling salesman problem. It belongs to the class of local search algorithms, which take a tour (Hamiltonian cycle) as part of the input and attempt to improve it by searching in the neighbourhood of the given tour for one that is shorter, and upon finding one repeats the process from that new one, until encountering a local minimum. As in the case of the related 2-opt and 3-opt algorithms, the relevant measure of "distance" between two tours is the number of edges which are in one but not the other; new tours are built by reassembling pieces of the old tour in a different order, sometimes changing the direction in which a sub-tour is traversed. Lin–Kernighan is adaptive and has no fixed number of edges to replace at a step, but favours small numbers such as 2 or 3. Derivation For a given instance of the travelling salesman problem, tours are uniquely determined by their sets of edges, so we may as well encode them as such. In the main loop of the local search, we have a current tour and are looking for new tour such that the symmetric difference is not too large and the length of the new tour is less than the length of the current tour. Since is typically much smaller than and , it is convenient to consider the quantity — the gain of using when switching from — since : how much longer the current tour is than the new tour . Naively -opt can be regarded as examining all with exactly elements ( in but not in , and another in but not in ) such that is again a tour, looking for such a set which has . It is however easier to do those tests in the opposite order: first search for plausible with positive gain, and only second check if is in fact a tour. Define a trail in to be alternating (with respect to ) if its edges are alternatingly in and not in , respectively. Because the subgraphs and are -regular, the subgraph will have vertices of degree , , and only, and at each vertex there are as many incident edges from as there are from . Hence (essentially by Hierholzer's algorithm for finding Eulerian circuits) the graph decomposes into closed alternating trails. Sets that may satisfy for some tour may thus be found by enumerating closed alternating trails in , even if not every closed alternating trail makes into a tour; it could alternatively turn out to be a disconnected -regular subgraph. Key idea Alternating trails (closed or open) are built by extending a shorter alternating trail, so when exploring the neighbourhood of the current tour , one is exploring a search tree of alternating trails. The key idea of the Lin–Kernighan algorithm is to remove from this tree all alternating trails which have gain . This does not prevent finding every closed trail with positive gain, thanks to the following lemma. Lemma. If are numbers such that , then there is a cyclic permutation of these numbers such that all partial
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian%20Football%20Network	The Canadian Football Network (CFN) was the official television syndication service of the Canadian Football League from 1987 to 1990. History Background CFN broadcasts mainly aired on stations via the Atlantic Satellite Network and future Global Television Network affiliates, in addition to at least one station in the United States (ABC affiliate WVNY-TV in Burlington, Vermont, which serves the larger, nearby Montreal English-language television market, which did not have a Global station at that time). As CFN was formed by the CFL itself, the league provided much of the network's funding. It was created directly in response to CTV completely dropping their CFL coverage following the 1986 season. CFN was conceptualized by then CFL Commissioner Douglas Mitchell. Hamilton and Toronto In its first year on the air, the CFL experimented with the TV blackout policy as four games (two in Hamilton and two in Toronto) were televised in the Hamilton-Toronto market. CFN in the United States In addition to being shown on the above-mentioned Burlington, Vermont station, from 1987-1989, a weekly CFN game telecast, including playoffs and the Grey Cup championship, aired in the United States nationally on a tape-delay basis on ESPN. Grey Cup coverage CFN's Grey Cup coverage was completely separate from CBC's coverage (whereas from 1971-1986, CBC and CTV fully pooled their commentary teams for the game; CBC's commentators called the first half of the game while CTV's crew called the rest of the game or vice versa). During its broadcast of the 1988 Grey Cup game, CFN reported that its telecasts that season were seen in 14 countries, including the U.S., Great Britain, France, Italy, Spain, West Germany, Norway, Sweden and Finland. The 1988 Grey Cup was the last game for veteran Winnipeg Blue Bombers offensive lineman Nick Bastaja. The next season, he joined the CFN crew as a colour commentator. Former Edmonton Eskimos fullback Neil Lumsden was CFN's primary colour man, while Dave Hodge and Bob Irving, a long-time voice of the Blue Bombers, provided play-by-play. The end of CFN CFN was critically acclaimed, credited for raising the production quality of CFL telecasts (which was sorely lacking in the mid- to late-1980s) to near-NFL calibre levels. However, it did not do well financially (most of the rights fees the CFL made from CBC and TSN were diverted to cover the CFN's expenses), and the league discontinued the network after the 1990 season. CFN was also supposed to work like a normal television network in that it was meant to get its money solely from sponsors. After the CFN shut down, all playoff and Grey Cup games would be exclusively broadcast on CBC Television from 1991 to 2007 and TSN from 2008 to the present and into the foreseeable future. Commentators Play-by-play/pregame hosts Dave Hodge Bob Irving Colour commentators/Pregame analysts Nick Bastaja Ian Beckstead Jan Carinci Joe Faragalli Dan Kepley Lary Kuharich Tom Larscheid Neil Lu
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CFN	CFN may refer to: Canadian Football Network Carlton Food Network, UK TV channel Center for Functional Nanomaterials CFN/CNBC or Class CNBC, a business and financial news TV channel in Italy College Football News Brazilian Marine Corps (Corpo de Fuzileiros Navais) Donegal Airport, Ireland, IATA code chemical formula of Cyanogen fluoride Cfn Craftsman (Cfn) is the term for privates in some technical branches (e.g. the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemicube%20%28computer%20graphics%29	In 3D computer graphics rendering, a hemicube is one way to represent a 180° view from a surface or point in space. What is Hemicube? A hemicube is a data structure used in computer graphics to represent a 180° view from a surface or point in space. It is a cube that has been cut in half along a plane parallel to one of its faces, resulting in six faces. The six faces of the hemicube are divided into different shapes, depending on their aspect ratio. The square face is divided into 4 quadrants, the diamond-shaped face is divided into 2 triangles, and the two rectangles are divided into 4 and 8 rectangles, respectively. Hemicubes are used in radiosity rendering, a method for calculating global illumination in 3D scenes. Radiosity calculates the amount of light that is reflected from one surface to another, taking into account the shape and material properties of the surfaces involved. Hemicubes are used to store the radiosity information for a hemisphere, which can then be used to calculate the radiosity for the entire scene. Hemicubes are a relatively efficient way to store radiosity information, and they can be used to render scenes with complex lighting arrangements. However, they can be inaccurate for scenes with very bright or very dark areas. Here are some of the advantages of using hemicubes in computer graphics: They are relatively efficient to store and render. They can be used to render scenes with complex lighting arrangements. They are accurate for most scenes. Here are some of the disadvantages of using hemicubes in computer graphics: They can be inaccurate for scenes with very bright or very dark areas. They can be difficult to implement in some rendering engines. Overall, hemicubes are a useful data structure for representing 180° views in computer graphics. They are efficient to store and render, and they can be used to render scenes with complex lighting arrangements. However, they can be inaccurate for scenes with very bright or very dark areas. Shape Although the name implies any half of a cube, a hemicube is usually a cube cut through a plane parallel to one of its faces. Therefore, it consists of one square face, one diamond shape face, two 2:1 aspect ratio rectangles, and two 1:2 aspect ratio rectangles totaling six sides. The reason for this specific arrangement of faces is that it allows for a more efficient representation of a 180° view from a surface or point in space. The square face represents the direct view, the diamond-shaped face represents the view from the zenith, and the two rectangles represent the views from the x- and y-axes. This arrangement of faces ensures that all possible directions are represented, and it also allows for a more efficient implementation of radiosity algorithms. The hemicube data structure was first introduced by Cohen and Greenberg in 1985. They used it to develop a radiosity algorithm that could be used to render complex scenes with global illumination. Since then, hemicubes hav

Subsets and Splits

No community queries yet

The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.