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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tele%20Finland | Tele Finland was a Finnish "no frills" mobile virtual network operator. It was established by TeliaSonera on May 17, 2004 to respond to the demand for inexpensive GSM calls. At first it was a daughter company of TeliaSonera Finland but was fused to it on December 31, 2005. Tele Finland still has its own customer support, own pricing and own terms apart from TeliaSonera customers.
Tele Finland's principles are the equal treatment of customers, good coverage, and the absence of special talktime offers. The operator was able to increase its customer base the fastest of all operators and have the lowest emigration of customers.
Tele Finland quit all advertising and sales on April 1, 2006 but returned in the spring of 2007.
In 2017, Sonera changed its name to Telia (Finland), and the Tele Finland brand was discontinued.
References
External links
Website
Mobile phone companies of Finland |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LZO | LZO may refer to:
Lempel–Ziv–Oberhumer, a data compression algorithm
Luzhou Yunlong Airport (IATA code), a military and civilian airport, Luzhou, China
Luzhou Lantian Airport (former IATA code), a military airport, Luzhou, China |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permanent%20European%20Conference%20for%20the%20Study%20of%20the%20Rural%20Landscape | The Permanent European Conference for the Study of the Rural Landscape (PECSRL) is an international network of landscape researchers whose interest focus on the past, present and future of European landscapes, and serves as an international platform for new initiatives, meetings and publications about European rural landscapes. It meets every two years in a different European country for lectures, discussions, working groups and landscape excursions. It has several working groups that focus on actual problems in European landscape management and landscape research. The unifying concept of PECSRL is the past, present and future of European landscapes, relating to landscape research as well as landscape policy and landscape management.
Objectives
The objectives of PECSRL are:
to facilitate personal contacts and information exchange between European landscape researchers;
to improve interdisciplinary cooperation between landscape researchers from various scientific and human landscape disciplines;
to improve cooperation between landscape researchers and landscape managers;
to function as a platform for new initiatives in European landscape research and landscape management.
History and scope
The Permanent European Conference for the Study of the Rural Landscape is one of the most stable European networks of landscape researchers. It was established in 1957 at an inaugural conference held in Nancy, France. Initially, it consisted mainly of (historical) geographers, but during the last few decades its membership has diversified to include ecologists, social scientists, rural planners, landscape architects, historians, archaeologists, landscape managers, as well as other scholars and practitioners interested in European landscapes. Members undertake both fundamental and applied research on all aspects of the rural landscape or have a position in landscape management or heritage management. PECSRL covers Pan-Europe which means that it connects researchers from Northern, Eastern, Southern, Central and Western Europe. All together more than thirty European countries take part in PECSRL.
Conferences
28th Session: "European Landscapes for Quality of Life?", 2018, Clermont-Ferrand and Mende (France)
27th Session: "Mountains, uplands, lowlands. European landscapes from an altitudinal perspective", 2016, Innsbruck and Seefeld (Austria)
26th Session: "Unraveling the Logics of Landscape", 2014, Gothenburg and Mariestad (Sweden)
25th Session: "Reflection on landscape change: the European perspective", 2012, Leeuwarden and Terschelling (the Netherlands)
24th Session: "Living in Landscapes: Knowledge, Practice, Imagination", 2010, Riga and Liepaja (Latvia)
23rd Session: "Landscapes, identities and development", 2008, Lisbon and Óbidos (Portugal)
22nd Session: "European rural future“: Landscape as an interface", 2006, Berlin and Schloss Hubertusstock (Germany)
21st Session: "One region, many stories - Mediterranean landscapes in a changing Europe", 20 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess%20Assistant | Chess Assistant is a commercial database program produced by Convekta, Ltd. The company started in Russia, but also has offices in England and the United States. The software is a management tool for organising chess information (databases of millions of games), opening training, game analysis, playing against the computer, and viewing electronic texts. It is the major commercial competitor to ChessBase. The first version of Chess Assistant was released in 1990. The current version 16, released in 2015, includes a database of 6.2 million games and 40 million computer-generated evaluations of opening moves. The program uses Houdini 4 as an analysis tool.
See also
ChessBase
Chess engines
Chess Informant
Shane's Chess Information Database
References
External links
— product review by Jovan Petronic
Chess databases
Chess software |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper%20cable%20certification | In copper twisted pair wire networks, copper cable certification is achieved through a thorough series of tests in accordance with Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) or International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards. These tests are done using a certification-testing tool, which provide pass or fail information. While certification can be performed by the owner of the network, certification is primarily done by datacom contractors. It is this certification that allows the contractors to warranty their work.
Need for certification
Installers who need to prove to the network owner that the installation has been done correctly and meets TIA or ISO standards need to certify their work. Network owners who want to guarantee that the infrastructure is capable of handling a certain application (e.g. Voice over Internet) will use a tester to certify the network infrastructure. In some cases, these testers are used to pinpoint specific problems. Certification tests are vital if there is a discrepancy between the installer and network owner after an installation has been performed.
Standards
The performance tests and their procedures have been defined in the ANSI/TIA-568.2 standard and the ISO/IEC 11801 standard. The TIA standard defines performance in categories (Cat 3, Cat 5e, Cat 6, Cat 6A, and Cat 8) and the ISO defines classes (Class C, D, E, EA, F and FA). These standards define the procedure to certify that an installation meets performance criteria in a given category or class.
The significance of each category or class is the limit values of which the Pass/Fail and frequency ranges are measured: Cat 3 and Class C (no longer used) test and define communication with 16 MHz bandwidth, Cat 5e and Class D with 100 MHz bandwidth, Cat 6 and Class E up to 250 MHz, Cat6A and Class EA up to 500 MHz, Cat7 and Class F up to 600 MHz and Cat 7A and Class FA with a frequency range through 1000 MHz., Cat 8, Class I, and Class II have a frequency range through 2000MHz
The standards also define that data from each test result must be collected and stored in either print or electronic format for future inspection.
Tests
Wiremap
The wiremap test is used to identify physical installation errors; improper pin termination, shorts between any two or more wires, continuity to the remote end, split pairs, crossed pairs, reversed pairs, and any other mis-wiring.
Propagation Delay
The Propagation Delay test tests for the time it takes for the signal to be sent from one end and received by the other end.
Delay Skew
The Delay Skew test is used to find the difference in propagation delay between the fastest and slowest set of wire pairs. An ideal skew is between 25 and 50 nanoseconds over a 100-meter cable. The lower this skew the better; less than 25 ns is excellent, but 45 to 50 ns is marginal. (Traveling between 50% and 80% of the speed of light, an electronic wave requires between 417 and 667 ns to traverse a 100-meter cable.
Cable Length |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafia%20Ghubash | Rafia Obaid Ghubash is a Dubai psychiatrist and epidemiologist who serves as president of the Arab Network for Women in Science and Technology, and is a former president of the Arabian Gulf University. She is known as a role model of women's empowerment.
Education and career
Ghubash earned a PhD in Epidemiological Psychiatry from London University in 1992, becoming an assistant professor of psychiatry at UAE University School of Medicine, then newly opened, in Al Ain. She is a practicing psychiatrist.
She was president of the Arabian Gulf University in Bahrain during 2000-2009. She is president of the Arab Network for Women in Science and Technology, an organization to both help women scientists attain leadership positions and attract more women into science.
Dr. Rafia takes a strong interest in the education of Arab women, receiving an award for Middle East Women's Educational Achievement in 2002. In 2012, she opened Women’s Museum Dubai to display and honour the achievements of women in the UAE in various fields.
Ghubash was nominated to become a councilor for the World Future Council and became a council member in 2006.
In 2012, she founded The Women’s Museum, Bait al Banat (House of Women, in English) in her childhood home in Dubai.
Dr. Rafia Ghobash served as a judge for the Arab Women Award in 2017.
Awards
The Hamdan Award for individuals working in the field of medicine and health - 2003-2004.
Middle East Women's Achievements - Education Award - offered by Datamatics Foundation - 2002
Khalaf Ahmad Al Habtoor Lifetime Achievement Award - 2014
Inspirational Arab Woman of the Year - 2015
Books
Alive after leaving "حضر بعد رحيله": a biography about her late brother Dr. Hussein Ghobash - published by Kalemat Kuwait
A Woman before her time "امرأة سبقت عصرها": a book about the late poet Ousha Bint Hussein Lootah - self published
Encyclopedia of an Emirati Woman "موسوعة المرأة الإماراتية": co-authored with Mariam Sultan Lootah in 2018 - published by The Women's Museum
References
External links
Gulf University, Bahrain
Bahraini women academics
Living people
Academic staff of the Arabian Gulf University
Cairo University alumni
Alumni of the University of London
Academic staff of United Arab Emirates University
Year of birth missing (living people)
Women in the United Arab Emirates
Emirati women poets
Emirati women writers |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NorthSouth%20Productions | NorthSouth Productions is a television production company in the United States that was founded by Charlie DeBevoise and Mark Hickman in 2000. NorthSouth creates and produces original programming for a variety of broadcast and cable networks including Peacock, HGTV, Discovery, TLC, History, A&E, MTV, VH1, SyFy, OWN: Oprah Winfrey Network, TruTV, WE tv, Discovery Health, Food Network, Lifetime, and the Sundance Channel. Their production credits include documentaries, reality television, travel series, and sports entertainment. The company has offices in New York City and Knoxville, Tennessee.
On December 6, 2012, it was announced that Hearst Corporation would take a 50% stake in NorthSouth. In 2016, Charlie DeBevoise bought out Mark Hickman of his stake in the company. DeBevoise now owns 50% of the company. In 2019, he formed NoSo Films to develop, produce, and finance long form documentaries.
Digital Graffiti is NorthSouth's full-service post-production facility.
List of programs produced
Prank Academy - YouTube Red
Impractical Jokers - truTV
Say Yes to the Dress: Atlanta – TLC
Say Yes to the Dress: Bridesmaids – TLC
Double Divas - Lifetime (TV network)
Bullet Points - Military Channel
Lovetown, USA - Oprah Winfrey Network (U.S. TV channel)
Hard Parts: South Bronx - Speed (TV network)
You Don't Know Dixie – History
Marked – History
Wrecked: Life in the Crash Lane – Speed
One Way Out – Discovery Channel
Little Miss Perfect – WE tv
Paranormal Cops – A&E
Ugliest House on the Block – WE tv
Getting Abroad – MOJO HD
Big Spender – A&E
Try My Life – Style Network
What Makes it Tick? – Fine Living
Fight Quest – Discovery Channel
I Bet You – MOJO HD
Bride vs. Bride – WE tv
In a Fix – TLC
Million Dollar Agents (2005) – TLC
A Wedding Story – TLC
Get Packing – Travel Channel
Make Room for Baby – Discovery Health
References
External links
Digital Graffiti
Television production companies of the United States
Hearst Communications assets
American companies established in 2000
Mass media companies established in 2000 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rai%20S%C3%BCdtirol%20%28radio%20station%29 | Rai Südtirol is a German language radio station produced by the Italian public-service broadcasting network RAI from its studios in Bolzano. The station programming is aimed to the German-speaking listeners in South Tyrol.
Transmissions began in 1960. The schedules also include a number of programmes in Ladin language.
From 22 till 06 Rai Radio 3 programming is being broadcast.
External links
RAI Südtirol Official website (in German)
German-language mass media in South Tyrol
German-language radio stations
Radio stations established in 1960
1960 establishments in Italy
Radio stations in Italy
RAI radio stations
Mass media in Bolzano |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anscombe%27s%20quartet | Anscombe's quartet comprises four data sets that have nearly identical simple descriptive statistics, yet have very different distributions and appear very different when graphed. Each dataset consists of eleven (x, y) points. They were constructed in 1973 by the statistician Francis Anscombe to demonstrate both the importance of graphing data when analyzing it, and the effect of outliers and other influential observations on statistical properties. He described the article as being intended to counter the impression among statisticians that "numerical calculations are exact, but graphs are rough".
Data
For all four datasets:
The first scatter plot (top left) appears to be a simple linear relationship, corresponding to two correlated variables, where y could be modelled as gaussian with mean linearly dependent on x.
For the second graph (top right), while a relationship between the two variables is obvious, it is not linear, and the Pearson correlation coefficient is not relevant. A more general regression and the corresponding coefficient of determination would be more appropriate.
In the third graph (bottom left), the modelled relationship is linear, but should have a different regression line (a robust regression would have been called for). The calculated regression is offset by the one outlier, which exerts enough influence to lower the correlation coefficient from 1 to 0.816.
Finally, the fourth graph (bottom right) shows an example when one high-leverage point is enough to produce a high correlation coefficient, even though the other data points do not indicate any relationship between the variables.
The quartet is still often used to illustrate the importance of looking at a set of data graphically before starting to analyze according to a particular type of relationship, and the inadequacy of basic statistic properties for describing realistic datasets.
The datasets are as follows. The x values are the same for the first three datasets.
It is not known how Anscombe created his datasets. Since its publication, several methods to generate similar data sets with identical statistics and dissimilar graphics have been developed.
One of these, the Datasaurus Dozen, consists of points tracing out the outline of a dinosaur, plus twelve other data sets that have the same summary statistics.
See also
Exploratory data analysis
Goodness of fit
Regression validation
Simpson's paradox
Statistical model validation
References
External links
Department of Physics, University of Toronto
Dynamic Applet made in GeoGebra showing the data & statistics and also allowing the points to be dragged (Set 5).
Animated examples from Autodesk called the "Datasaurus Dozen".
Documentation for the datasets in R.
Misuse of statistics
Statistical charts and diagrams
Statistical data sets
1973 introductions
1973 in science |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital%20graffiti | Digital graffiti is the act of creating graffiti art using a computer vision system. Various groups and companies have pioneered digital graffiti since technology advances made it possible. Most notably is the Graffiti Research Lab based in the US with their L.A.S.E.R. Tag system.
Inspired by the New York laser graffiti movement, in 2008 the first commercially available digital graffiti wall was produced by Luma, named the YrWall. A specially adapted spray can emit IR light instead of paint, which is then tracked by a computer vision system to recreate the "sprayed" image onto the wall using a projector.
Any system that allows art to be created on a large scale similarly to more traditional graffiti falls under the heading digital graffiti.
Cisco Systems has released a mobile application called [Digital Graffiti] patented by Cisco Systems, Inc. to allow people to place messages of varying size, color, length of time visible, and viewing distance (say visible from 20 feet away) on a physical location, say a building, an office, a cubicle, or a specific location using their augmented reality mobile application. This message alerts other visitors approaching the message coordinates by playing the Cisco chime and the mobile user's country origin filter when the app was installed. It is like a virtual yellow stickie note, that can be delivered to an individual when they arrive at a message location. Digital Graffiti leverages the Cisco MSE location server (which tracks users mobile devices and provides x, y coordinates of the mobile devices over Wi-Fi).
See also
Virtual graffiti
References
External links
GeekGaps.com
Graffiti and unauthorised signage
Digital art |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle%20Collaboration%20Suite | Launched in 2000, after earlier product lines including "Oracle Mail" and "Oracle InterOffice", the Oracle Collaboration Suite was software by Oracle Corporation for enterprise collaboration, a database-driven communications and messaging application platform with uses similar to Microsoft Exchange. The Suite is used internally by Oracle and sold to customers. Initially marketed as a unified messaging system, features were later added, including:
Real Time Collaboration
Instant messaging
Web conferencing
Desktop sharing
Unified messaging
eMail
Voicemail
Fax
Telephony
Wireless and voice access
Microsoft Outlook integration
Calendaring
Content Management
Files
Records Management
The last full release of Oracle Collaboration Suite 10g was v10.1.2 of 2005; patches for it were later released.
The Suite was superseded in 2008 by Oracle Beehive.
References
External links
Butler Report at oracle.com
Oracle software |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumi%20%28software%29 | lumi is a free, open source and open development software project for the analysis and comprehension of Illumina expression and methylation microarray data. The project was started in the summer of 2006 and set out to provide algorithms and data management tools of Illumina in the framework of Bioconductor. It is based on the statistical R programming language.
Features
The lumi package provides an analysis pipeline for probe-level Illumina expression and methylation microarray data, including probe-identifier management (nuID), updated probe-to-gene mapping and annotation using the latest release of RefSeq (nuIDblast), probe-intensity transformation (VST) and normalization (RSN), quality control (QA/QC) and preprocessing methods specific for Illumina methylation data. By extending the ExprSet object with Illumina-specific features, lumi is designed to work with other Bioconductor packages, such as Limma and GOstats to detect differential genes and conduct Gene Ontology analysis.
History
The lumi project was started in the summer of 2006 at the Bioinformatics Core Facility of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University. Originally lumi was designed for the analysis of Illumina Expression BeadArray data. Starting from 2010 (version > 2.0), functions of analyzing Illumina methylation microarray data was added. The project team consists of Drs. Pan Du, Simon M. Lin, and Warren A. Kibbe. The project was started upon a request for collaboration from Dr. Serdar E. Bulun to analyze a set of new Illumina microarray data acquired at his lab on the study of the effect of retinoic acids on cancers. Dr. Pan Du led the software development of the project. lumi was the first software package to utilize the unique design of redundancy of beadArrays for the data transformation and normalization processes. The first release of lumi was on January 3, 2007 through the Bioconductor website. Before its formal release, it was beta-tested at Norwegian Radiumhospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Università degli Studi di Brescia, UC Davis, Wayne State University, NIH, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Harvard University, Washington University, and Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research.
See also
Bioconductor, integrated software for the statistical analysis of wet lab data in molecular biology
Illumina Inc. and its beadArray technology
External links
lumi software release website
Old lumi Website
Official Bioconductor Website
Free science software
Free R (programming language) software
Microarrays |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SENTRI | The Secure Electronic Network for Travelers Rapid Inspection (SENTRI) provides expedited U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) processing, at the U.S.-Mexico border, of pre-approved travelers considered low-risk. Voluntarily applicants must undergo a thorough background check against criminal, customs, immigration, law enforcement, and terrorist databases; a 10-fingerprint law enforcement check; and a personal interview with a CBP Officer. The total enrollment fee is $122.50, and SENTRI status is valid for 5 years.
Once the applicant is approved, they are issued a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) card identifying their status in the CBP database when arriving at U.S. land and sea ports of entry (POE). SENTRI users have access to dedicated lanes into the United States. Unlike NEXUS, which is a joint program between United States and Canadian immigration authorities, SENTRI is solely a CBP program and only applies to customs and immigration inspections into the United States, not into Mexico. SENTRI members are permitted to utilize NEXUS lanes when entering the United States from Canada by land (but not vice versa).
Global Entry allows registered users to enter their own SENTRI applications and approved members to edit their information. A valid SENTRI card is a Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI) compliant document.
History
SENTRI was conceived in 1995. A team of representatives from the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), U.S. Customs Service, and five other Federal stakeholder agencies was formed and established a technical concept, engineering design, and relevant policies. The first SENTRI lane was deployed at the Otay Mesa Port of Entry in San Diego, California, where the concept and design were refined. Additional technology tests, including in-vehicle biometrics and laneside facial recognition, were conducted at this site.
In 1998, the decision was made to expand SENTRI to El Paso, Texas. The aim was to relieve congestion at the busy Paso del Norte International Bridge. However, this bridge was not wide enough to set aside one lane as a dedicated commuter lane. Therefore, the nearby Stanton Street bridge, which had been a southbound-only bridge, was chosen as the best place to deploy SENTRI. A new port of entry facility was built, and the SENTRI lane opened in September 1999.
Next, the SENTRI team elected to deploy a system at the busiest single border crossing in the world, San Ysidro, California. The congested nature of Tijuana, near the border crossing, made it difficult to identify a place to put the dedicated lane, but with the cooperation of many organizations on both sides of the border, a lane was segregated, and SENTRI opened at San Ysidro in 2000, after which point the SENTRI team was disbanded, and SENTRI became a program office within INS. After INS was sunsetted on March 1, 2003, the SENTRI program office was absorbed by DHS Customs and Border Protection.
Today, SENTRI Lanes can be foun |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolog%2B%2B | Prolog++ is an object-oriented toolkit for the Prolog logic programming language. It allows classes and class hierarchies to be created within Prolog programs.
Prolog++ was developed by LPA and first released in 1989 for MS-DOS PCs. Support for other platforms was added, and a second version was released in 1995. A book entitled 'Prolog++ The Power of Object-Oriented and Logic Programming' by Chris Moss was published by Addison-Wesley in 1994.
Currently, Prolog++ is available as an add-on to LPA Prolog for Windows.
Three other approaches to object-oriented Prolog include PDC Visual Prolog (once known as Borland Turbo Prolog), SICStus Prolog and the almost implementation-neutral Logtalk framework.
See also
Logtalk
Visual Prolog
References
Chris Moss, Prolog++: The Power of Object-Oriented and Logic Programming ()
External links
Prolog++ toolkit, the Logic Programming Associates page.
Prolog++ in the Free On-line Dictionary of Computing
Object-oriented programming languages
Prolog programming language family
Logic programming languages |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiny%20Toy%20Stories | Tiny Toy Stories is a home video compilation of five computer-animated short films made by Pixar. It was released on October 29, 1996, by Walt Disney Home Video and Disney Videos internationally. The International releases, including the UK and Japan, have the Toy Story characters hosting it and talking about the shorts. Additionally, the international releases have Knick Knack and Tin Toy switched, to exemplify how "without Tin Toy, there would've been no Toy Story".
Shorts
All directed by John Lasseter except as noted:
The Adventures of André & Wally B. (1984), directed by Alvy Ray Smith
Luxo Jr. (1986) (original version)
Red's Dream (1987)
Tin Toy (1988)
Knick Knack (1989) (original version)
Cast
Jeff Bennett as Rex
Dee Bradley Baker as the Aliens
Pat Fraley as Buzz Lightyear
Jim Hanks as Woody
John Ratzenberger as Hamm
Follow-ups
In November 2007, Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment released Pixar Short Films Collection, Volume 1, which featured all of Pixar's animated short films up through 2006's Lifted. It also included The Adventures of André & Wally B. The second volume of shorts, Pixar Short Films Collection, Volume 2 was released in 2012. The third volume of shorts, Pixar Short Films Collection, Volume 3 was released in 2018.
External links
1996 direct-to-video films
1996 films
Pixar short films
Short film compilations
Disney home video releases
Animated anthology films
Films directed by Alvy Ray Smith
Films directed by John Lasseter
1990s American films |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research%20data%20archiving | Research data archiving is the long-term storage of scholarly research data, including the natural sciences, social sciences, and life sciences. The various academic journals have differing policies regarding how much of their data and methods researchers are required to store in a public archive, and what is actually archived varies widely between different disciplines. Similarly, the major grant-giving institutions have varying attitudes towards public archival of data. In general, the tradition of science has been for publications to contain sufficient information to allow fellow researchers to replicate and therefore test the research. In recent years this approach has become increasingly strained as research in some areas depends on large datasets which cannot easily be replicated independently.
Data archiving is more important in some fields than others. In a few fields, all of the data necessary to replicate the work is already available in the journal article. In drug development, a great deal of data is generated and must be archived so researchers can verify that the reports the drug companies publish accurately reflect the data.
The requirement of data archiving is a recent development in the history of science. It was made possible by advances in information technology allowing large amounts of data to be stored and accessed from central locations. For example, the American Geophysical Union (AGU) adopted their first policy on data archiving in 1993, about three years after the beginning of the WWW. This policy mandates that datasets cited in AGU papers must be archived by a recognised data center; it permits the creation of "data papers"; and it establishes AGU's role in maintaining data archives. But it makes no requirements on paper authors to archive their data.
Prior to organized data archiving, researchers wanting to evaluate or replicate a paper would have to request data and methods information from the author. The academic community expects authors to share supplemental data. This process was recognized as wasteful of time and energy and obtained mixed results. Information could become lost or corrupted over the years. In some cases, authors simply refuse to provide the information.
The need for data archiving and due diligence is greatly increased when the research deals with health issues or public policy formation.
Selected policies by journals
Biotropica
NB: Biotropica is one of only two journals that pays the fees for authors depositing data at Dryad.
The American Naturalist
Journal of Heredity
Molecular Ecology
Nature
Science
Royal Society
Journal of Archaeological Science
Policies by funding agencies
In the United States, the National Science Foundation (NSF) has tightened requirements on data archiving. Researchers seeking funding from NSF are now required to file a data management plan as a two-page supplement to the grant application.
The NSF Datanet initiative has resulted in funding of the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olea%20europaea%20subsp.%20cuspidata | Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata is a subspecies of the well-known olive tree (Olea europaea), which until recently was considered a separate species (Olea africana) and is still mentioned as such in many sources. Native to northeast of Africa and the drier parts of subtropical Asia, it has various common names, including wild olive, African olive, brown olive and Indian olive.
It is the ancestor of the cultivated olive and it has been introduced to Australia, New Zealand and the US. It is an aggressive invasive species that can infest dry woodland areas, riparian zones, headlands and dune systems.
Description
This much-branched evergreen tree varies in size from high. The leaves have an opposite, decussate arrangement, and are entire, long and wide; the apex is acute with a small hook or point, and the base is attenuate to cuneate.
Leaf margins are entire and recurved, the upper surface is grey-green and glossy, and the lower surface has a dense covering of silvery, golden or brown scales. Domatia are absent; venation is obvious on the upper surface and obscure on the lower surface; the petiole is up to long.
In drier areas, the plant may be less than tall within 5–10 years, though it may still reach sexual maturity at around five to six years when it is a shrub at } high. In the right conditions, the plant can reach its full height of between 8 and 12 years.
Inflorescence and fruit
The flowers are small and inconspicuous, usually appearing in spring. The calyx is four-lobed, about long. The corolla is greenish-white or cream; the tube is long; lobes are about long and reflexed at the anthesis. The two stamens are fused near the top of the corolla tube, with bilobed stigma.
Fruit are borne in panicles or racemes long. The fruit is edible but bitter. The globose to ellipsoid fruit is a drupe, in diameter and long; it is fleshy, glaucous to a dull shine when ripe, and purple-black.
Distribution
It is extensively found through Africa (i.e. Egypt, Eastern Africa, Central Africa and Southern Africa), the Mascarenes (i.e. Mauritius and Réunion), western Asia (i.e. Arabian Peninsula, Afghanistan and Iran), the Indian sub-continent (i.e. northern India, Nepal and Pakistan) and western China. Subtropical dry forests of Olea europaea cuspidata are found in the Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests ecoregion.
In areas where it is not native, such as Australia, it is classified as an environmental weed spread mainly by birds eating the fruit. It is widely naturalized in New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Western Australia, where it is found in bushlands, parks, roadsides and waste areas on the coast and in highlands, where it would alter the original composition of the native vegetation. It was first introduced to Australia in the mid 19th century for ornamental reasons.
Uses
The wood is much-prized and durable, with a strong smell similar to bay rum, and is used for fine furniture and turnery. The wood is strong, hard, dur |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethal%20Weapon%203%20%28pinball%29 | Lethal Weapon 3 is a pinball machine produced by Data East Pinball in 1992. It is based on the movie of the same name, which was the most popular film in summer 1992. The game featured a Generation 3 FullView dot matrix display, which was larger than the current industry standard, and displayed digitized movie clips. The game also featured a hidden leveling system, in which players "grab hold of the Data East gun handle and eliminate bad guys in one of three video crime simulator shoot outs". By 1994, it was Data East's all-time most successful pinball machine. The game was designed by Markus Rothkranz.
Other versions
Data East was one of few regular pinball company that manufactured custom pinball games e.g. for Aaron Spelling and Michael Jordan. These two pinball machines were based on the Lethal Weapon 3 pinball machine.
References
External links
(Aaron Spelling version)
(Michael Jordan version)
Pinball Archive rule sheet
Pinball machines based on films
Data East pinball machines
Lethal Weapon (franchise)
1992 pinball machines |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ytterbium%28III%29%20chloride%20%28data%20page%29 | This page provides supplementary chemical data on Ytterbium(III) chloride
Structure and properties data
Thermodynamic properties
Spectral data
References
Chemical data pages
Chemical data pages cleanup |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRACON%20%28series%29 | TRACON is a series of game software programs that simulate an air traffic control environment on a personal computer. The games were originally sold by Texas-based Wesson International as an offshoot to their line of professional air traffic control simulation products. TRACON and RAPCON were released in 1989, and TRACON II was released in 1990. Wesson was merged into Adacel in 2001.
Gameplay
Over its life, the software has evolved from a DOS to a Microsoft Windows environment. It included graphics that simulate a TRACON air traffic controller's situation. At periodic screen updates, aircraft icons move slowly across the controller's sector. The player sees an aircraft icon with its identifier (AA34) and the aircraft's altitude or flight level (110).
The game familiarizes a player with the difficulty of tracking many events simultaneously. Every aircraft is moving in a dynamic environment. The player must develop a feel for three-dimensional space represented in two dimensions on the screen. Generally, aircraft must be kept separated by 1,000 vertical feet and three miles horizontal separation. A series of alarms sound if adequate space between aircraft is not maintained. A few separation conflicts can quickly wipe out the player's entire accrued point value. The closer aircraft get, the more severe the warnings. A mid-air crash ends the game.
There are two ways to run ATC simulation scenarios : a) random ones created by the program itself, or b) your own ones which you may edit with a simple text editor (file extension *.sim), following all the syntax rules and geographical sector details .
In case (a) the player selects traffic density to control (aircraft / time) and one from the available geographical sectors and then the game issues random start and end points within this sector at random altitudes and activation times. It juggles aircraft types, some being commercial airline traffic while others are slow-moving general aviation aircraft. Each game sees a different mix of aircraft, callsigns, start- and end-points, unless the user elects to "repeat the last simulation." Aircraft types have profiles: an airliner might cruise at 250 knots while general aviation craft may cruise as slowly as 90 knots. The player can slow an airliner to 170 knots in order to space aircraft in an approach pattern. If the aircraft is ordered to fly below its minimum speed, the game says, "That's below my minimum." Aircraft identify as heavy where appropriate. Flight plans can either transit a sector or involve takeoffs and landings. Users receive point credit for successfully getting aircraft through their respective flight plans. Points are continually deducted for each command issued to a pilot and for time delays. Shorter flights mean higher point counts. Each turn or change in speed the player orders costs points.
Aircraft arriving at the edge of the player's TRACON will call. "AA34 with you at one one thousand," the status line will display this in tex |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grant%2C%20Lee%2C%20Sherman%3A%20Civil%20War%20Generals%202 | Grant, Lee, Sherman: Civil War Generals 2 is a computer game published by Sierra On-Line in 1997. It is the sequel to Robert E. Lee: Civil War General.
Gameplay
Grant, Lee, Sherman: Civil War Generals 2 simulates on a tactical level individual battles of the American Civil War and allows one to play as either the North or South in a number of different campaigns. It links the battles together by making the losses in one battle reflect on the forces available in the next. Also, the capture of supplies during one battle allows one to purchase weapons upgrades before the next.
Improvements from Robert E. Lee: Civil War General included the addition of several new units, including mortars, siege artillery, and naval vessels, new terrain types, more detailed graphics, and larger maps. Certain artillery types gained the ability of indirect fire. Army structures were expanded to include divisions and regiments; scenarios may be played at the brigade or regimental level. If the latter is selected, regiments are controlled as individual units on the map, with brigade commanders taking the place of division commanders and division commanders taking the place of corps commanders. The Easter Egg multiplayer campaign mode from the first game was deleted. Unit leaders may be influenced by their commanding officer and their ratings increased or decreased depending on the superior officer's ratings. A corps or division commander will influence all subordinate units within a three square radius (six squares if playing at regimental level).
The basic elements of gameplay in Civil War Generals 2 are the same as Robert E. Lee and are covered in the article for the latter game.
Corps commanders in Civil War Generals 2 were made into separate units on the map with division commanders taking the place of corps commanders in Robert E. Lee, meaning that they can be reassigned to any unit under their command and are treated by the game as the commander of whatever unit they're assigned to instead of its regular commander. A routed unit will run towards its respective corps headquarters first and then to the edge of the map. The ability to completely annihilate an enemy unit was removed from Civil War Generals 2, as well as the ability to cause a unit to desert if morale becomes too low. The exception to the latter are siege artillery and mortar units, as these are too ponderous to flee the field and will be captured whole or desert if morale drops below a certain point.
New units in Civil War Generals 2 include siege weapons and naval units. Naval units may only enter water/coastal hexes and only the Union side has access to frigates; otherwise, they are functionally the same as artillery. Siege weapons include heavy artillery and mortars; the former carries more powerful, longer-range guns than field artillery, while the latter are functionally the same as howitzer artillery. The effectiveness of mortars decreases the closer to the target they are. Heavy artillery a |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison%20of%20privilege%20authorization%20features | A number of computer operating systems employ security features to help prevent malicious software from gaining sufficient privileges to compromise the computer system. Operating systems lacking such features, such as DOS, Windows implementations prior to Windows NT (and its descendants), CP/M-80, and all Mac operating systems prior to Mac OS X, had only one category of user who was allowed to do anything. With separate execution contexts it is possible for multiple users to store private files, for multiple users to use a computer at the same time, to protect the system against malicious users, and to protect the system against malicious programs. The first multi-user secure system was Multics, which began development in the 1960s; it wasn't until UNIX, BSD, Linux, and NT in the late 80s and early 90s that multi-tasking security contexts were brought to x86 consumer machines.
Introduction to implementations
Microsoft Windows
Mac OS
Unix and Unix-like
Security considerations
Falsified/intercepted user input
A major security consideration is the ability of malicious applications to simulate keystrokes or mouse clicks, thus tricking or spoofing the security feature into granting malicious applications higher privileges.
Using a terminal based client (standalone or within a desktop/GUI): su and sudo run in the terminal, where they are vulnerable to spoofed input. Of course, if the user was not running a multitasking environment (i.e. a single user in the shell only), this would not be a problem. Terminal windows are usually rendered as ordinary windows to the user, therefore on an intelligent client or desktop system used as a client, the user must take responsibility for preventing other malware on their desktop from manipulating, simulating, or capturing input.
Using a GUI/desktop tightly integrated to the operating system: Commonly, the desktop system locks or secures all common means of input, before requesting passwords or other authentication, so that they cannot be intercepted, manipulated, or simulated:
PolicyKit (GNOME - directs the X server to capture all keyboard and mouse input. Other desktop environments using PolicyKit may use their own mechanisms.
gksudo - by default "locks" the keyboard, mouse, and window focus, preventing anything but the actual user from inputting the password or otherwise interfering with the confirmation dialog.
UAC (Windows) - by default runs in the Secure Desktop, preventing malicious applications from simulating clicking the "Allow" button or otherwise interfering with the confirmation dialog. In this mode, the user's desktop appears dimmed and cannot be interacted with.
If either gksudo's "lock" feature or UAC's Secure Desktop were compromised or disabled, malicious applications could gain administrator privileges by using keystroke logging to record the administrator's password; or, in the case of UAC if running as an administrator, spoofing a mouse click on the "Allow" button. For this reason |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektor%20TV%20Games%20Computer | The Elektor TV Games Computer (TVGC) was a programmable computer system sold by Elektor in kit form from April 1979. It used the Signetics 2650 CPU with the Signetics 2636 PVI for graphics and sound. These were the same chips as used in the Interton VC 4000 console family. A 2K monitor ROM written by Philips and a cassette interface were the most important differences between the TVGC and the Interton family. Many VC 4000 games were adapted versions of TV Games Computer games. It is possible to add cartridge slots to the TVGC to enable it to play console games, and the Hobby Module of the Acetronic console effectively transforms it into a basic TVGC.
The RAM and sound capabilities of the computer can be expanded. A pair of General Instruments AY-3-8910 Programmable Sound Generators are used in the expanded version, meaning that this machine had the most powerful sound capabilities of the time. A noise generator, random number generators and cartridge ports are among the other expansions described. Hardware and software were available from Elektor and Locosoft.
The October 2008 issue of Elektor magazine features the TVGC in its "Retronics" section.
References
External links
Official Elektor site
List of available Software
Video game hardware
First-generation video game consoles
Computer-related introductions in 1979
1979 in video gaming
Video games developed in the Netherlands |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris%20Rock%3A%20Bring%20the%20Pain | Chris Rock: Bring the Pain is a television special that premiered on HBO on June 1, 1996, starring comedian Chris Rock. This was Rock's second special for the network, following 1994's Big Ass Jokes as part of HBO Comedy Half-Hour. Rock was already a well-known comedian, but Bring the Pain made him one of the most popular comedians in the United States. The special included subjects about then-D.C. mayor Marion Barry, the O. J. Simpson murder case, dating, marriage, and race relations in America.
Production
By 1994, Chris Rock's career had experienced a downslide: "I was a has-been. So I figured if I'm not going to be famous, I can at least get really good, and get back to being the way I was before I met Eddie Murphy and saw the big houses and the girls."
Rock became determined to subvert any preconceived notions about him. To prepare for the special, he honed his material for two years by performing nightly in comedy clubs and then launching a national tour. The special was taped at a tour stop at the Takoma Theatre in Washington, D.C.
Reception
The special was regarded as one of the finest recorded stand-up comedy performances of all time. Entertainment Weekly called it "groundbreaking" and "a classic". Variety compared Rock to revered comedians Richard Pryor and Lenny Bruce and called it "one of the truly remarkable hours of comedy ever to air on television."
The most well-known and controversial piece of the special is "Niggas vs. Black People". The controversy around the twelve-minute routine led to Rock never performing it again. In a 2005 60 Minutes interview, Rock explained, "By the way, I've never done that joke again, ever, and I probably never will. 'Cos some people that were racist thought they had license to say nigger, so, I'm done with that routine."
Rock was surprised by the widespread acclaim the special received: "I thought, hopefully this will be better than other HBO specials, and I'll get whatever rewards come with that. Maybe somebody will want me to do a sitcom – if I'm lucky. Next thing they were talking about it on C-SPAN, and I'm, Huh? My only goal was to do a show that was good enough that when I played a club, I wouldn't have to promote it on radio."
In 1997, Rock won two Emmys for this special: Outstanding Variety, Music or Comedy Special, and Outstanding Writing for a Variety or Music Program. That same year, Rock also released a comedy album titled Roll With the New. The album combined material from the special with comedy sketches. It won the Grammy Award for Best Spoken Comedy Album. The success of the special prompted HBO to develop a weekly talk show for Rock titled The Chris Rock Show. Rock's acting career was also given a boost. He went from playing very minor roles in Sgt. Bilko and Panther to playing major roles in Lethal Weapon 4 and Dogma.
References
External links
1996 television specials
1990s American television specials
1990s in comedy
HBO network specials
Stand-up comedy concert films
Bring |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Symposium%20on%20Computer%20Architecture | The International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA) is an annual academic conference on computer architecture, generally viewed as the top-tier in the field. Association for Computing Machinery's Special Interest Group on Computer Architecture (ACM SIGARCH) and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Computer Society are technical sponsors.
ISCA has participated in the Federated Computing Research Conference in 1993, 1996, 1999, 2003, 2007, 2011, 2015, 2019, and 2023; every year that the conference has been organized.
Influential Paper Award
The ISCA Influential Paper Award is presented annually at ISCA by SIGARCH and TCCA. The award is given for the paper with the most impact in the field (in the area of research, development, products, or ideas) from the conference 15 years ago.
Prior recipients include:
2022 (For ISCA 2007): Xiaobo Fan, Wolf-Dietrich Weber, Luiz André Barroso. "Power Provisioning for a Warehouse-sized Computer"
2021 (For ISCA 2006): James Donald, Margaret Martonosi. "Techniques for Multicore Thermal Management: Classification and New Exploration"
2020 (For ISCA 2005): Rakesh Kumar, Victor V. Zyuban, Dean M. Tullsen. "Interconnections in Multi-Core Architectures: Understanding Mechanisms, Overheads and Scaling"
2019 (For ISCA 2004): Lance Hammond, Vicky Wong, Mike Chen, Brian D. Carlstrom, John D. Davis, Ben Hertzberg, Manohar K. Prabhu, Honggo Wijaya, Christos Kozyrakis, Kunle Olukotun. "Transactional Memory Coherence and Consistency"
2018 (For ISCA 2003): Kevin Skadron, Mircea R. Stan, Karthik Sankaranarayanan, Wei Huang, Sivakumar Velusamy, David Tarjan. "Temperature-Aware Microarchitecture"
2017 (2002) - Krisztian Flautner, Nam Sung Kim, Steven Martin, David Blaauw, Trevor Mudge. "Drowsy caches: simple techniques for reducing leakage power"
2016 (2001) - Brian Fields, Shai Rubin, Rastislav Bodík,
2015 (2000) - David Brooks, Vivek Tiwari, and Margaret Martonosi,
2014 (1999) - Seth Copen Goldstein, Herman Schmit, Matthew Moe, Mihai Budiu, Srihari Cadambi, R. Reed Taylor, and Ronald Laufer
2013 (1998) - Srilatha Manne, Artur Klauser, Dirk Grunwald,
2012 (1997) - Subbarao Palacharla, Norman P. Jouppi, James E. Smith
2011 (1996) - Dean M. Tullsen, Susan J. Eggers, Joel S. Emer, Henry M. Levy, Jack L. Lo, and Rebecca L. Stamm
2010 (1995) - Dean M. Tullsen, Susan J. Eggers, and Henry M. Levy
2009 (1994) - Jeffrey Kuskin, David Ofelt, Mark Heinrich, John Heinlein, Richard Simoni, Kourosh Gharachorloo, John Chapin, David Nakahira, Joel Baxter, Mark Horowitz, Anoop Gupta, Mendel Rosenblum, and John L. Hennessy
2008 (1993) - Maurice Herlihy and J. Eliot B. Moss,
2007 (1992) - Tse-Yu Yeh and Yale N. Patt
2006 (1991) - Pohua P. Chang, Scott A. Mahlke, William Y. Chen, Nancy J. Warter, and Wen-mei W. Hwu
2005 (1990) - Norman P. Jouppi,
2004 (1989) - Steven Przybylski, John L. Hennessy, and Mark Horowitz
2003 (1988) - Jean-Loup Baer and Wen-Hann Wang
References
External links
ISCA proceedings in |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport%20in%20Himachal%20Pradesh | Himachal Pradesh, although railways and airways serve very limited transport needs, the road network of the state serves the transport needs of the people. Although, the geography of Himachal presents considerable challenge to the development of transport infrastructure, it has the highest road density among all the Hill States of India. Himachal also has 3 airports, 2 narrow gauge rail tracks and couple of other under-construction broad gauge railway tracks, but roads remain the main mode of transport.
History and development
Kinnaur was opened up in the early 1960s with the completion of the NH-5 Hindustan-Tibet National highway from Ferozepur in Punjab to Shipki La. Lahaul was opened up in the late 1960s with the construction of roads over Rohtang pass. Lahaul is reachable via roads through high passes, such as Rohtang (3,967 m, 13,050 ft), Kunzum (4,600 m, 14,913 ft) and Baralarcha (4,300 m, 14,000 ft). The building an efficient transport system was the top most priority in the first Five year plan. In January 1991, Himachal was linked up with the broad gauge system by extending the Delhi-Nangal rail line.
Geography
The geography of Himachal presents considerable challenge to the development of transport infrastructure. The border districts, located near the borders of Tibet and Indian union territories of Ladakh and Jammu and Kashmir, such as Kinnaur, Lahaul, Spiti and the Pangi and Bharmour tehsils of Chamba districts are the major underdeveloped and underserved tribal areas of the state. Other underdeveloped areas include Shillai in Sirmaur district, and deep cut-off valleys in the Kullu and upper stretches of Kangra districts. Spiti is a cold desert and underdeveloped area. Due to poor accessibility, life in these areas had grown in isolation.
Roads
The government-owned Himachal Road Transport Corporation runs a good all-weather network of buses inter & intra state including the remotest of the corners of the state. Himachal Pradesh being a major tourist destination, there is no dearth of private buses and taxis.
Most tourist spots in Himachal Pradesh such as Shimla, Manali, Dharamsala etc. are well connected by roads. Some of the roads in Himachal are seasonal and get closed during winters and monsoons due to heavy snowfall, landslides and washouts.
National Highways (NH) with total 1235 km length in Himachal are:
NH 1A touches Shahpur.
NH 20 passes through Pathankot, Chakki, Nurpur, Joginder Nagar, Palampur and Mandi.
NH 21 connects Chandigarh with Manali through Mandi.
NH 22 connects Ambala with Kaurik through Kalka, Simla and Wangtoo.
NH 70 passes through Mubarakpur, Amb, Nadaun and Hamirpur.
NH 21A begins at Pinjore in Haryana, passes through Nalagarh and reaches Swarghat, where it connects with NH 21.
NH 88 connects Simla with Kangra through Hamirpur and Nadaun.
NH 72 begins at Ambala and passes through Amb and Paunta Sahib in Himachal Pradesh before terminating at Haridwar in Uttarakhand.
Tunnels: The st |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caspase%208 | Caspase-8 is a caspase protein, encoded by the CASP8 gene. It most likely acts upon caspase-3.
CASP8 orthologs have been identified in numerous mammals for which complete genome data are available. These unique orthologs are also present in birds.
Function
The CASP8 gene encodes a member of the cysteine-aspartic acid protease (caspase) family. Sequential activation of caspases plays a central role in the execution-phase of cell apoptosis. Caspases exist as inactive proenzymes composed of a prodomain, a large protease subunit, and a small protease subunit. Activation of caspases requires proteolytic processing at conserved internal aspartic residues to generate a heterodimeric enzyme consisting of the large and small subunits. This protein is involved in the programmed cell death induced by Fas and various apoptotic stimuli. The N-terminal FADD-like death effector domain of this protein suggests that it may interact with Fas-interacting protein FADD. This protein was detected in the insoluble fraction of the affected brain region from Huntington disease patients but not in those from normal controls, which implicated the role in neurodegenerative diseases. Many alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described, although not all variants have had their full-length sequences determined.
Clinical significance
A very rare genetic disorder of the immune system can also be caused by mutations in this gene. This disease, called CEDS, stands for “Caspase eight deficiency state.” CEDS has features similar to ALPS, another genetic disease of apoptosis, with the addition of an immunodeficient phenotype. Thus, the clinical manifestations include splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy, in addition to recurrent sinopulmonary infections, recurrent mucocutaneous herpesvirus, persistent warts and molluscum contagiosum infections, and hypogammaglobulinemia. There is sometimes lymphocytic infiltrative disease in parenchymal organs, but autoimmunity is minimal and lymphoma has not been observed in the CEDS patients. CEDS is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.
The clinical phenotype of CEDS patients represented a paradox since caspase-8 was considered to be chiefly a proapoptotic protease, that was mainly involved in signal transduction from Tumor necrosis factor receptor family death receptors such as Fas. The defect in lymphocyte activation and protective immunity suggested that caspase-8 had additional signaling roles in lymphocytes. Further work revealed that caspase-8 was essential for the induction of the transcription factor “nuclear factor κB” (NF-κB) after stimulation through antigen receptors, Fc receptors, or Toll-like receptor 4 in T, B, and natural killer cells.
Biochemically, caspase-8 was found to enter the complex of the inhibitor of NF-κB kinase (IKK) with the upstream Bcl10-MALT1 (mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue) adapter complex which were crucial for the induction of nuclear translocation of N |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMDP | BMDP was a statistical package developed in 1965 by Wilfrid Dixon at the University of California, Los Angeles. The acronym stands for Bio-Medical Data Package, the word package was added by Dixon as the software consisted of a series of programs (subroutines) which performed different parametric and nonparametric statistical analyses.
BMDP was originally distributed for free. It was later sold by Statsols, who originally was a subsidiary of BMDP, but through a management buy-out formed the now independent company Statistical Solutions Ltd, known as Statsols. BMDP is no longer available . The company decided to only offer its other statistical product nQuery Sample Size Software.
References
External links
Article on the Free Online Dictionary of Computing
Statistical software
Windows-only proprietary software
1960s software
Biostatistics |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABCD%20Schema | The Access to Biological Collections Data (ABCD) schema is a highly structured data exchange and access model for taxon occurrence data (specimens, observations, etc. of living organisms), i.e. primary biodiversity data.
In 2006, an 'Extension For Geosciences' was added to the schema, to form the ABCDEFG Schema, and in 2010, Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG) published a draft standard extension for DNA, called ABCDDNA.
References
External links
https://www.tdwg.org/standards/abcd/
http://www.codata.org/
https://web.archive.org/web/20070929124618/http://www.wfcc.nig.ac.jp/NEWSLETTER/newsletter36/a6.pdf the ABCD database schema
Bioinformatics
XML-based standards |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnes | Arnes may refer to:
ARNES, Academic and Research Network of Slovenia
Arnes, Manitoba, Canada
Arnes Airport, located northeast of Arnes, Manitoba, Canada
Arnes, Terra Alta, a town in Catalonia, Spain
Årnes, the administrative centre of Nes municipality, Akershus, Norway
Årnes Station, a railway station located in Årnes
See also
Aarnes, a surname
Arnas (disambiguation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APTIS | APTIS was the Accountancy and Passenger Ticket Issuing System used on the British Rail/National Rail network until 2007. It was originally called "Advanced Passenger Ticket Issuing System" as it was being developed at the time of the Advanced Passenger Train.
It was widely known as the All-Purpose Ticket-Issuing System, a description which was used during the development of the prototype devices.
It led to the introduction, on the national railway, of a new standardised machine-printable ticket, the APTIS ticket, which replaced the Edmondson railway ticket first introduced in the 1840s.
Overview
APTIS issued impact printed tickets on credit-card sized card ticket stock, with a magnetic stripe on the centre of the reverse which could be encoded to operate ticket barriers; it could also use plain non-magnetic ticket stock.
APTIS could issue receipts for passengers paying by debit card or credit card. These receipts were a combination of a transparent carbonless copy paper top copy, for the customer; and a backing card, for retention by British Rail. The customer signed the receipt, handed it back; and, in return, was given the signed top copy and the train tickets.
Adoption by British Rail
APTIS was derived from a private venture ticketing system, the General Purpose ticket-issuing system, developed by Thorn EMI in 1978. It had 25 kB of memory.
British Rail invited 23 firms to tender for a ticket-issuing system and Thorn EMI was successful. The first prototype was installed at Portsmouth & Southsea on 11 November 1982.
APTIS, along with the portable system PORTIS, was adopted as part of British Rail's £31 million investment, which was authorised in 1983. The production APTIS machines had 300 kB of memory; this could be upgraded to 500 kB.
Some 2,971 APTIS machines were scheduled to be installed at 1,600 staffed British Rail stations between August 1985 and September 1987.
Phase-out of Edmondson tickets
The first production APTIS tickets were issued in October 1986 at stations including Didcot Parkway and Abbey Wood; the official launch was by Transport Minister David Mitchell at the British Rail Travel Centre, Regent Street, London, on 18 November 1986. The first ticket was sold at Benfleet in January 1987.
In 1988, the last of British Rail's Edmondson printing presses, located at the Paper and Printing Centre, Crewe, shut down. The last station to sell Edmondson tickets prior to full APTIS conversion was Emerson Park, on Network SouthEast's Romford to Upminster Line, on 29 June 1989.
Phase-out of APTIS
APTIS survived in widespread use for twenty years, but in the early 2000s was largely replaced by more modern PC based ticketing systems although some APTIS were modified as APTIS-ANT (with no obvious difference to the ticket issued) Oyster card compatible machines in the Greater London area. The last APTIS machines were removed at the end of 2006 as there was no option to upgrade for accepting Chip and PIN credit-card payments. The last |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enfilade%20%28Xanadu%29 | Enfilades are a class of tree data structures invented by computer scientist Ted Nelson and used in Project Xanadu "Green" designs of the 1970s and 1980s. Enfilades allow quick editing, versioning, retrieval and inter-comparison operations in a large, cross-linked hypertext database. The Xanadu "Gold" design starting in the 1990s used a related data structure called the Ent.
Structure and properties
Although the principles of enfilades can be applied to any tree data structure, the particular structure used in the Xanadu system was much like a B-Tree. What distinguishes enfilades is the use of dsps and wids in the indexing information within tree nodes.
Dsps are displacements, offsets or relative keys. A dsp is the difference in key between a containing node and that of a subtree or leaf. For instance, the leaf for a grid square in a map might have a certain longitude and latitude offset relative to the larger grid represented by the subtree the leaf is part of. The key of any leaf of an enfilade is found by combining all the dsps on the path down the tree to that leaf. Dsps can also be used for other context information that is imposed top-down on entire subtrees or ranges of content at once.
Wids are widths, ranges, or bounding boxes. A wid is relative to the key of a subtree or leaf, but specifies a range of addresses covering all items within the subtree. Wids identify the interesting parts of sparsely populated address spaces. In some enfilades, the wids of subtrees under a given node can overlap, and in any case, a search for data within a range of addresses must visit any subtrees whose wids intersect the search range. Wids are combined from the leaves of the tree, upward through all layers to the root (although they are maintained incrementally). Wids can also contain other summaries such as totals or maxima of data.
The relative nature of wids and dsps allows subtrees to be rearranged within an enfilade. By changing the dsp at the top of a subtree, the keys of all the data underneath are implicitly changed. Edit operations in enfilades are performed by "cutting," or splitting the tree down relevant access paths, inserting, deleting or rearranging subtrees, and splicing the pieces back together. The cost of cutting and splicing operations is generally log-like in 1-D trees and between log-like and square-root-like in 2-D trees.
Subtrees can also be shared between trees, or be linked from multiple places within a tree. This makes the enfilade a fully persistent data structure with virtual copying and versioning of content. Each use of a subtree inherits a different context from the chain of dsps down to it. Changes to a copy create new nodes only along the cut paths, and leave the entire original in place. The overhead for a version is very small, a new version's tree is balanced and fast, and its storage cost is related only to changes from the original.
One-dimensional enfilades are intermediate between arrays' direct addressabi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuevo%20Mundo%20Television | Nuevo Mundo Televisión (NMTV) was a Canadian Category B Spanish language specialty channel owned by NMTV Inc. Nuevo Mundo Televisión broadcast general entertainment and lifestyle programming including news, television dramas, talk shows, and music.
History
In April 2005, Claire Bourgeois, a co-founder of NMTV, was granted approval from the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) to launch a television channel called NuevoMundo Television (NMTV), described as being "wholly devoted to reflecting the lifestyles and the needs of the Hispanic community of Canada, including programming dedicated to youth."
The channel launched on March 13, 2007 as Nuevo Mundo Televisión initially on Vidéotron, later expanding to other television service providers. It was billed as Canada's first all-Spanish language television channel. It is available on Bell Fibe TV and was previously available on Rogers Cable.
In October 2012, the channel re-launched with a new look and new programming. In addition, a partnership was announced with US-based Spanish channel SOiTV, the agreement includes the acquisition of programming from SOiTV.
On February 21, 2013, Nuevo Mundo TV re-launched on Bell Fibe TV, available to subscribers in Quebec & Ontario, as part of the 'better' package.
On May 15 a new group of investors came in, and named Peter Jaimes as the President of the company.
It ceased its activities on December 1 of 2015, without any formal announcement.
References
Digital cable television networks in Canada
Latin American Canadian culture
Spanish-Canadian culture
Spanish-language television stations
Multicultural and ethnic television in Canada
Television channels and stations established in 2007
Television channels and stations disestablished in 2015
Defunct television networks in Canada |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caracas%20Metrobus | The Caracas Metrobus is a public transit system in Venezuela. The bus network consists of 20 urban and 4 suburban routes which connect to the nearby cities of Los Teques, Guarenas, Guatire and San Antonio de Los Altos. At present, it consists of a fleet of 220 buses.
References
Transport in Venezuela |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flagship%20%28broadcasting%29 | In broadcasting, a flagship (also known as a flagship station or key station) is the broadcast station which originates a television network, or a particular radio or television program that plays a key role in the branding of and consumer loyalty to a network or station. This includes both direct network feeds and broadcast syndication, but generally not backhauls. Not all networks or shows have a flagship station, as some originate from a dedicated radio or television studio.
The term derives from the naval custom where the commanding officer of a group of naval ships would fly a distinguishing flag. In common parlance, "flagship" is now used to mean the most important or leading member of a group, hence its various uses in broadcasting. The term flagship station is primarily used in TV and radio in the United States and Canada, while the term is primarily used in TV in Japan (and formerly in the United States).
Examples
Lotteries
Mega Millions, normally from WSB-TV in Atlanta
Ohio Lottery weekday- and Saturday-evening drawings from WEWS in Cleveland
Michigan Lottery from WDIV-TV in Detroit
Shows
Delilah from KSWD in Seattle and KDUN in Reedsport, Oregon (latter owned by Delilah)
Clark Howard from WSB/WSBB-FM in Atlanta
Rush Limbaugh from WOR in New York City and WJNO in West Palm Beach, Florida (where Limbaugh resided and utilized a home studio for most of the year)
Live with Kelly and Mark from WABC-TV in New York City
Networks
Midnight Radio Network from WBAP in Dallas/Fort Worth
Events
Masters Tournament from WRDW-TV, as the CBS affiliate since 1956.
Radio
A flagship radio station is the principal station from which a radio network's programs are fed to affiliates.
Network
In the United States, traditional radio networks currently operate without flagship stations as defined in this article. Network operations and those of the local owned-and-operated or affiliated stations in the same city are now separate and may come under different corporate entities.
In the U.S., CBS News Radio produces programming for distribution by Skyview Networks, but local stations WCBS and WINS in New York City and KNX (and formerly KFWB) in Los Angeles are operated separately from the network radio news operation, under a separate company with common shareholders, Audacy, Inc. iHeartMedia follows a similar model: flagship stations WOR in New York City (which it acquired in 2012) and KFI in Los Angeles are both operated mostly separately from its syndication wing, Premiere Networks (Premiere does produce some limited programming, including The Jesus Christ Show, The Tech Guy and Handel on the Law, through KFI). Premiere's The Clay Travis and Buck Sexton Show uses WLAC as a flagship station, as Clay Travis is based in Nashville.
WWRL in New York City was an affiliate of the now-defunct Air America Radio and carries some of its programs (along with those from other distributors) but is separately owned and operated and does not produce any program |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WCSN-LD | WCSN-LD (channel 32) is a low-power television station in Columbus, Ohio, United States. The station is owned by Word Broadcasting Network.
History
WCSN was launched on March 24, 2007, as the Columbus Sports Network (CSN), Central Ohio's first and only continuous all-sports television station, broadcasting events, features, highlights and news on professional, collegiate, scholastic and amateur sports teams in the area. The first-ever telecast on CSN was an Arena Football matchup between the Columbus Destroyers and the Chicago Rush; the Destroyers lost to the Rush, 55–47. While under the ownership of United Media Acquisitions and prior to ceasing local original programming, WCSN was carried on cable television systems in the market; Insight Communications had it on Channels 78 and 524, and WOW! had it on channel 97. This carriage was based on the station's original incarnation as an all-sports station, and included a channel on Time Warner Cable.
CSN planned to broadcast approximately 400 live events each year, including Columbus Motor Speedway, Columbus Crew, Columbus Destroyers (home games), Columbus Clippers (select games), minor Ohio State University sports (including baseball, volleyball, lacrosse, and tennis), college lacrosse and baseball from universities from the OAC and NCAC, high schools from the OHSAA, Canadian Football, and various other events.
CSN launched a nightly 30-minute show called Sports Columbus on December 21, 2007. It spotlighted local sports highlights, news, and features of the day from Central Ohio. The show was co-anchored by Ray Crawford and Dionne Miller. Sports Columbus ran live at 10:00 p.m. Monday through Friday, with scheduled rebroadcasts the following day.
On June 6, 2008, The Columbus Dispatch reported that the production of programming had ended and that the business model was being reviewed. WCSN left the air completely in August 2008; by September 8, 2008, it had returned intermittently with only infomercials. Carriage on cable systems ceased once the Columbus Sports Network ceased operations in 2008.
By August 10, 2009, it broadcast only a notice that it had "video trouble" and that "this channel is temporarily off-line due to technical difficulties". By September 3, 2009, it was off the air. By September 4, 2009, it was broadcasting a color test pattern with its call sign.
In 2009 the original owners, United Media Acquisitions, filed for bankruptcy protection and the station was sold to Columbus Television, LLC. Once the transfer was completed, the new owners made an agreement to simulcast the WCPX-LP broadcast of Azteca América. This agreement continued after WCSN made the conversion to digital broadcasting in early 2010. Columbus Television, LLC ended its relationship with WCPX in July 2010.
WCSN would eventually convert to digital broadcast and carry four regular subchannels—Mexicanal, Dalmar TV (a Somali language television channel), TV Africa Network (English language Pan-African news, sport |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jurassic%20Park%20%28pinball%29 | There have been four pinball adaptations of the film Jurassic Park franchise: a physical table released by Data East the same year the film came out, Sega's 1997 The Lost World which is based on the second movie of the series, a virtual table developed by Zen Studios on the franchise's 25th anniversary and a new physical table released by Stern Pinball a year after. All four tables behave differently.
Original Data East version
Gameplay
There are 11 gameplay modes, called "Computer Screens". They are started by shooting the right scoop, called "Control Room", when it is lit. These modes are stackable (i.e., one mode can be running while another mode is in progress). The Control Room is briefly lit by the right ramp or either inlane, and is permanently lit by shooting the Power Shed (the right scoop) on the upper-right side of the playfield.
Stampede
Escape Isla Nublar
Raptor Two-Ball: Lights the Boat Dock (saucer at the right loop) for Raptor Two-Ball multiball. Shooting the Raptor Pit collects the ball and gives 2 more.
Electric Fence: You have to hit the pop bumpers a certain number of times to get Timmy off the electric fence, before he gets electrocuted.
Spitter Attack
System Boot: Shoot the Bunker, the Control Room, and the Power Shed scoops to collect a maximum of 30 million points.
Raptors' Rampage
Mosquito Millions
Feed T-Rex: Shoot the T-Rex saucer to feed the "goat" (ball) to the T-Rex for 30 million points.
Bone Busting
Light Extra Ball: Extra Ball is lit at the Boat Docks.
Completing all Computer Screen modes lights the Control Room for System Failure, a six-ball "wizard mode" where all shots on the playfield are worth one million points. It lasts for 45 seconds.
Zen Studios
In the late 2010s, two additional pinball adaptations of the film were released. The second pinball adaptation of Jurassic Park is a virtual table developed by Zen Studios as one of three tables in the Jurassic Park pinball pack, designed to celebrate the franchise's 25th anniversary, which is an add-on for Pinball FX 3 that was released on February 20, 2018.
In addition to developing a digital pinball adaptation of the film, Zen Studios also developed another pinball table that reflects on its aftermath, titled Jurassic Park: Pinball Mayhem, which is also one of the three tables in the aforementioned Jurassic Park pinball pack.
Stern Pinball release
Stern Pinball released a third pinball adaptation of the film in 2019.
Upon launch, Stern created three versions: Pro, Premium and Limited Edition. All models feature a unique spinning kinetic newton ball Jungle Explorer Vehicle, three flippers, four ramps and a custom T-Rex sculpt. Premium and Limited Edition models feature a motorized animatronic ball-eating, ball-throwing, T-Rex mechanism and an interactive Raptor Pen ball lock mechanism. The game features John Williams Jurassic Park score.
The Limited Edition model is limited to 500 units and features a numbered plaque, custom-themed backglass, cabi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Last%20Action%20Hero%20%28pinball%29 | Last Action Hero is a pinball machine designed by Joe Kaminkow and produced by Data East Pinball. It is based on the motion picture of the same name.
Description
Instead of a typical plunger, the game features an auto plunger shaped like a Ruger Blackhawk .45 caliber pistol that launches the ball into play. The pinball machine features a shaker motor, two captive balls and a crane toy that can pick up the ball and deliver it to another part of the playfield. The game also includes three magnets under the playfield which sends the ball in different directions; similar to The Addams Family.
Digital version
Last Action Hero is available as a licensed table of both The Pinball Arcade and its spin-off Stern Pinball Arcade for several platforms. Data East logos were removed because of licensing. Also, for the same reason, main play theme was edited.
References
External links
Pinball Archive rule sheet
(Arnon Milchan version)
Pinball machines based on films
Data East pinball machines
1993 pinball machines |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri%20Bal | Henri Elle Bal (born 16 April 1958) is a professor of computer science at the Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam in the Netherlands. He is a well-known researcher in computer systems with a specialization in parallel computer systems, languages, and applications.
Education
Bal received his engineer's degree from the Delft University of Technology in mathematics cum laude in 1982. Shortly after graduating, he moved to the Vrije Universiteit where he began doing research on optimizing compilers in the Computer Systems group under the direction of Prof. Andrew Tanenbaum. This work was so promising that Tanenbaum encouraged Bal to become a PhD student in his group. Bal's PhD research led to the development of the Orca programming language, one of the first programming languages intended for large-scale cluster computers. Unlike most other parallel programming languages, Orca is based on the shared-data object model, which allows a group of computers to have the illusion that they share data objects in a common memory. Programs can operate on these objects as though they were local, even though the only copy may be stored on a different machine. The run-time system maintains this illusion by replicating data automatically as needed and maintaining consistency between the copies.
His PhD thesis, under Tanenbaum's supervision, was sufficiently influential that it was later published by Prentice-Hall as a book entitled Programming Distributed Systems.
Career
After getting his PhD degree, Bal was a postdoctoral fellow at MIT in Cambridge, Massachusetts, at the University of Arizona in Tucson, Arizona, and at Imperial College in London. He then came back to the Vrije Universiteit as an assistant professor. Shortly thereafter he was awarded a 'Pionier' grant from the Dutch National Science Foundation, the most prestigious award then available to young researchers. He used the grant of 1.6 million guilders (about $1 million) to start a research group on parallel programming. In 1994 he became an associate professor and in 1998 he became a full professor. His work has continued to focus on cluster computers, parallel programming languages, and parallel applications.
Together with one of his students, John Romein, he solved the game of awari, a 3500-year-old game by cleverly enumerating all the possible positions reachable from the current position and choosing the best move, usually leading to a forced win. A paper about this research, entitled "Solving the Game of Awari using Parallel Retrograde Analysis" was published in IEEE Computer, Oct. 2003 and received worldwide publicity.
Bal has had about a dozen PhD students and has written nearly 100 scientific papers in leading computer science conferences and journals. He was also the driving force behind the acquisition and use of three large distributed cluster computers called the Distributed ASCI Supercomputer. Bal has also been a member of over 30 program committees, and as such has had a major impact on th |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NE1000 | The NE1000 and NE2000 are members of an early line of low cost Ethernet network cards introduced by Novell in 1987. Its popularity had a significant impact on the pervasiveness of networks in computing. They are based on a National Semiconductor prototype design using their 8390 Ethernet chip.
History
In the late 1980s, Novell was looking to shed its hardware server business and transform its flagship NetWare product into a PC-based server operating system that was agnostic and independent of the physical network implementation and topology (Novell even referred to NetWare as a NOS, or network operating system). To do this, Novell needed networking technology in general — and networking cards in particular — to become a commodity, so that the server operating system and protocols would become the differentiating technology.
Most of the key pieces of this strategy were already in place: Ethernet and Token Ring (among others) had been codified by the IEEE 802 standards committee — the draft was not formally adopted until 1990, but was already in widespread use, and cards from one vendor were, on the whole, wire-compatible with cards complying with the same 802 working group. However, networking hardware vendors in general, and industry leaders 3Com and IBM in particular, were charging high prices for their hardware.
To combat this, Novell decided to develop its own line of cards. In order to create these at minimal R&D, engineering and production costs, Novell based their board on DP839EB, a reference design created by National Semiconductor using the 8390 Ethernet chip. Compared to the reference design, Novell used Programmed I/O instead of the slower ISA DMA. Novell’s design also didn’t map the card’s internal buffer RAM into the host’s address space.
The original card, the NE1000 (8-bit ISA; announced as "E-Net adapter" in February 1987 for ) The "NE" prefix stood for "Novell Ethernet".
NE2000
The NE2000, using the 16-bit ISA bus of the PC AT followed in 1988. It uses thin Ethernet; the second ("B") revision added an Attachment Unit Interface (AUI) port to support a transceiver, and later models NE1000T and NE2000T added built-in 10BASE-T support.
With the launch of the NE1000 and NE2000, Novell took two significant steps.
The first was a program under which other vendors were invited to manufacture the cards with no royalty as "NE1000-compatible" cards. Vendors were required to submit their cards to Novell for certification which focused on whether the standard Novell driver worked with the card. Interested manufacturers were given a complete package of manufacturing documentation to allow them to start building NE1000/2000 compatible cards without having to do any design work. The primary intent of this program was to drive down the cost of network hardware to promote the adoption of PC networking.
The second innovation taken, primarily to deal with internal management issues, was to allow Novell's distributors to buy the cards dire |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valley%20Public%20Radio | Valley Public Radio now branded as KVPR is a public radio organization in Fresno, California, broadcasting programming from National Public Radio (NPR) and other public radio producers and distributors, as well as locally produced news, music, talk, and public affairs programs. Valley Public Radio consists of two FM stations–KVPR in Fresno (89.3 MHz) and satellite station KPRX in Bakersfield (89.1 MHz).'''
Despite having no translators, the two stations' combined signal covers most of California's San Joaquin Valley, including the cities of Fresno, Bakersfield, Visalia, Madera, Tulare, Clovis, Merced, and Hanford; however, much of this area gets only grade B coverage.
The two stations operate at somewhat modest power for full NPR members on the FM band. KPRX operates with its maximum allowed U.S. Federal Communications Commission power (11,000 watts) for a Class B1 station with an antenna height of 152 meters; likewise KVPR broadcasts with its maximum allowed power (2,450 watts) and an antenna height of 576 meters for a Class B FM station. In FM broadcasting effective radiated power is inversely proportional to antenna height.
History
In 1975, Richard Mays, Von Johnson and Randall (Jan) van Oosten formed White Ash Broadcasting in order to bring a public radio station to the Central Valley.
Initial operating funds for White Ash Broadcasting came from a 'seed' grant of $25,000 provided through a competitive grant award from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB). In 1976, the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare awarded White Ash Broadcasting a "matching grant" of $125,000 to cover the cost of studio and transmission equipment. To earn the full grant award, the program required White Ash to raise $40,000 from local sources.
White Ash Broadcasting successfully petitioned the FCC for a construction permit in the fall of 1976, and received a full license two years later. KVPR's first broadcast plant was located at 1515 Van Ness Avenue at the site of the former KMJ-AM/FM studios in the historic Fresno Bee Building. KVPR began regular broadcast services on October 15, 1978 and to newer facilities Shaw Avenue in the mid 1980s. In May 2015, KVPR broke ground on a new studio in the Research & Technology Park in Clovis and has occupied the space since 2017.
Valley Public Radio's initial programming mix was music, news and public affairs. Nearly 75% of KVPR's original program schedule was locally produced, and included portions of jazz, folk and classical music in addition to select programming from National Public Radio. Over time, KVPR would opt to focus on a combination of mostly NPR programming and classical music.
KPRX signed on in February 1987 as a full satellite of KVPR, replacing a low-power translator that had served the Bakersfield area since 1982. Bakersfield had previously been one of the largest cities in the country with no NPR stations.
On November 17, 2021, Valley Public Radio rebranded as KVPR to prevent br |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green%20infrastructure | Green infrastructure or blue-green infrastructure refers to a network that provides the “ingredients” for solving urban and climatic challenges by building with nature. The main components of this approach include stormwater management, climate adaptation, the reduction of heat stress, increasing biodiversity, food production, better air quality, sustainable energy production, clean water, and healthy soils, as well as more anthropocentric functions, such as increased quality of life through recreation and the provision of shade and shelter in and around towns and cities. Green infrastructure also serves to provide an ecological framework for social, economic, and environmental health of the surroundings. More recently scholars and activists have also called for green infrastructure that promotes social inclusion and equality rather than reinforcing pre-existing structures of unequal access to nature-based services.
Green infrastructure is considered a subset of "Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure", which is defined in standards such as SuRe, the Standard for Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure. However, green infrastructure can also mean "low-carbon infrastructure" such as renewable energy infrastructure and public transportation systems (See "low-carbon infrastructure"). Blue-green infrastructure can also be a component of "sustainable drainage systems" or "sustainable urban drainage systems" (SuDS or SUDS) designed to manage water quantity and quality, while providing improvements to biodiversity and amenity.
Introduction
Green infrastructure
Nature can be used to provide important services for communities by protecting them against flooding or excessive heat, or helping to improve air, soil and water quality. When nature is harnessed by people and used as an infrastructural system it is called “green infrastructure”. Many such efforts take as their model prairies, where absorbent soil prevents runoff and vegetation filters out pollutants. Green infrastructure occurs at all scales. It is most often associated with green stormwater management systems, which are smart and cost-effective. However, green infrastructure is really a larger concept and is closely associated with a variety of other ideas. Green infrastructure also serves to provide an ecological framework for social, economic, and environmental health of the surroundings.
Blue infrastructure
"Blue infrastructure" refers to urban infrastructure relating to water. Blue infrastructure is commonly associated with green infrastructure in urban environments and may be referred to as "blue-green infrastructure" when being viewed in combination. Rivers, streams, ponds, and lakes may exist as natural features within cities, or be added to an urban environment as an aspect of its design. Coastal urban developments may also utilize pre-existing features of the coastline specifically employed in their design. Harbours, quays, piers, and other extensions of the urban environment a |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winterbach%2C%20Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg | Winterbach is a municipality in the district of Rems-Murr in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
Sons and daughters of the town
Werner Dilger (1942–2007), professor of computer science, Professor of Artificial Intelligence at the TU Chemnitz
Ingo J. Biermann (born 1978), director, filmmaker and producer, grew up In Winterbach from 1981 to 2000
Personalities who have worked locally
Giovane Élber (born 1972), former Brazil national football team, lived in Winterbach in the 1990s, when he played for VfB Stuttgart
Davie Selke, (* 1990), footballer, grew up in Winterbach
References
Rems-Murr-Kreis |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process-oriented%20programming | Process-oriented programming is a programming paradigm that separates the concerns of data structures and the concurrent processes that act upon them. The data structures in this case are typically persistent, complex, and large scale - the subject of general purpose applications, as opposed to specialized processing of specialized data sets seen in high productivity applications (HPC). The model allows the creation of large scale applications that partially share common data sets. Programs are functionally decomposed into parallel processes that create and act upon logically shared data.
The paradigm was originally invented for parallel computers in the 1980s, especially computers built with transputer microprocessors by INMOS, or similar architectures. Occam was an early process-oriented language developed for the Transputer.
Some derivations have evolved from the message passing paradigm of Occam to enable uniform efficiency when porting applications between distributed memory and shared memory parallel computers . The first such derived example appears in the programming language Ease designed at Yale University in 1990. Similar models have appeared since in the loose combination of SQL databases and objected oriented languages such as Java, often referred to as object-relational models and widely used in large scale distributed systems today. The paradigm is likely to appear on desktop computers as microprocessors increase the number of processors (multicore) per chip.
The Actor model might usefully be described as a specialized kind of process-oriented system in which the message-passing model is restricted to the simple fixed case of one infinite input queue per process (i.e. actor), to which any other process can send messages.
See also
Communicating process architectures
Massively parallel processing
Parallel computing
Multi-core
Actor model
References
External links
Sowders, Matthew, "ProcessJ: A process-oriented programming language" (2011). UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones. Paper 1393.
Programming paradigms |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ColcaSac | ColcaSac was a Salt Lake Citybased company, started in 2004 as AppleSac, that specializes in the making of sleeves specifically for small-format computers and phones. The company started by producing protective sleeves for the Apple MacBook. Due to trademark issues with Apple Inc., the company changed its name from AppleSac to ColcaSac in 2009. It terminated activities in 2014.
Because of a high demand for PC and laptop sleeves, ColcaSac began producing custom sleeves upon request in 2007. The company claims that natural fabrics and earthy colors reduce attractiveness to thieves.
As a company ColcaSac engages in environmentally respectful standards and is a member of 1% for the Planet. Materials used to produce ColcaSac sleeves are from Mexico, China and the United States; all of the sleeves are made in the United States. By 2010, the company had started producing protective sleeves for a wide variety of hardware beyond the MacBook: Kindle, iPhone, iPod Touch and iPod Classic using material such as hemp fibers.
References
Further reading
American companies established in 2004
Companies based in Utah
2004 establishments in Utah |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KBSU-FM | KBSU-FM (90.3 FM) is a radio station licensed to Boise, Idaho. The station is owned by Boise State University, and is the flagship affiliate of Boise State Public Radio's "Music" network.
The station airs classical music and other entertainment programming from American Public Media and Public Radio International.
KBSU-FM broadcasts in HD.
Translators
KBSU-FM's programming is repeated on KBSM in McCall, Idaho. The station's signal is also relayed by the following translator stations.
See also
List of jazz radio stations in the United States
References
External links
Official Website
BSU
BSU
Classical music radio stations in the United States
NPR member stations
Boise State University
Radio stations established in 1976
1976 establishments in Idaho |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noogony | Noogony is a general term for any theory of knowledge that attempts to explain the origin of concepts in the human mind by considering sense or a posteriori data as solely relevant.
Overview
The word was used, famously, by Kant in his Critique of Pure Reason to refer to what he understood to be Locke's account of the origin of concepts. While Kant himself maintained that some concepts, e.g. cause and effect, did not arise from experience, he took Locke to be suggesting that all concepts came from experience.
Historically, Kant presents a caricature of Locke's position, not a completely accurate account of Locke's epistemology. Locke's actual theory of knowledge was more subtle than Kant seems to render it in his Critique. As Guyer/Wood note in their edition of the Critique:Presumably Kant here has in mind Locke's claim that sensation and reflection are the two sources of all our ideas, and is understanding Locke's reflection to be reflection on sensation only. This would be a misunderstanding of Locke, since Locke says that we get simple ideas from reflection on the "operations of our own Mind," a doctrine which is actually a precursor to Kant's view that the laws of our own intuition and thinking furnish the forms of knowledge to be added to the empirical contents furnished by sensation, although of course Locke did not go very far in developing this doctrine; in particular, he did not see that mathematics and logic could be used as sources of information about the operations of the mind.
See also
Noology
Noogenesis
References
Epistemological theories
Kantianism
Knowledge |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20alumina%20refineries | This is a list of alumina refineries in the world. The list is incomplete and missing some data.
Smelter-grade alumina refineries
Specialty alumina plants
See also
List of aluminium smelters
References
Sources
Alcan, (2006). An Evolving Alcan: Alcan Facts 2006, Canada: Alcan.
Platt's Metal Week, 27 October 1997, p. 6
Plunkert, P (1997). Bauxite and Alumina, United States Geological Survey
Hydro Aluminium, (2004). Shaping Solutions for the Future, Oslo: Hydro Media.
United Nations, (2000). United Nations Conference on Trade and Development: Recent and Planned Changes in Production Capacity for Bauxite, Alumina and Aluminium
Alumina refineries
Refineries, alumina
ι |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DXDC | DXDC (621 AM) RMN Davao is a radio station owned and operated by the Radio Mindanao Network. The station's studio is located at the 2/F San Vicente Bldg., Iñigo St. cor. Bonifacio St., Davao City, and its transmitter is located at Gatdula Heights, Madapo Hills, Davao City.
References
Radio stations established in 1961
Radio stations in Davao City
News and talk radio stations in the Philippines |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DXRD | DXRD (711 AM) Sonshine Radio is a radio station owned and operated by Sonshine Media Network International. It serves as the flagship station of Sonshine Radio, the radio arm of the Kingdom of Jesus Christ. The station's studio is located at the Kingdom of Jesus Christ compound, Philippine-Japan Friendship Highway, Catitipan, Davao City.
References
Radio stations in Davao City
Radio stations established in 1967
Sonshine Media Network International
News and talk radio stations in the Philippines |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cenarchaeales | The Cenarchaeales are an order of the Thermoproteota, a phylum of Archaea.
References
Further reading
Scientific journals
Scientific books
Scientific databases
External links
Archaea taxonomic orders
Thermoproteota
Enigmatic archaea taxa |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impostora | (International title: The Impostor / ) is a 2007 Philippine television drama series broadcast by GMA Network. Directed by Maryo J. de los Reyes, it stars Sunshine Dizon and Iza Calzado. The series is loosely based on a 1993 Philippine film Sa Isang Sulok ng mga Pangarap (). It premiered on June 4, 2007 on the network's Telebabad line up replacing Super Twins. The series concluded on September 21, 2007 with a total of 80 episodes. It was replaced by Zaido: Pulis Pangkalawakan in its timeslot.
The series is streaming online on YouTube.
Premise
Sara and Lara are conjoined twins when they were young. Their parents agree to have them separated at the age of eight. After their separation, misfortunes occur leaving their mother to put them up for adoption. They will eventually meet again when they get older.
Cast and characters
Lead cast
Sunshine Dizon as Sara Carreon-Cayetano / Vanessa "Nessa" Carreon-Cayetano
Iza Calzado as Lara Carreon / Sara Carreon
Supporting cast
Mark Anthony Fernandez as Nicolas Cayetano
Alfred Vargas as Carlos Pambide
Luis Alandy as Leandro Meneses
Chanda Romero as Anatella Cayetano
Jean Garcia as Bettina "Betty" Carreon
Mart Escudero as Santiago "Yago" Cayetano
Charee Pineda as Trish
Jennica Garcia as Karen Manansala
Guest cast
Charice Hermoso as young Sara Carreon
Charlotte Hermoso as young Lara Carreon
Zamierre Benevice as young Vanessa Carreon
Romnick Sarmenta as Henry Carreon
Gary Estrada as Delfin Carreon
Gelli de Belen as Adelle Carreon
Jenny Miller as Fritzie
Anton Bernardo as Ramil
Sam Bumatay as Kokay
EJ Jallorina as Benjo
Ana Capri as Saling
Maybeline Dela Cruz as Doray
Dexter Doria as Dorina
Ace Espinosa as Tata Oyong
Flora Gazer as Petra
Ella Guevara as Kathleen C. Cayetano
Anna Larrucea as Cora
Jan Marini as Gemma
Joanne Quintas as Sofia
Jacob Rica as Patrick C. Cayetano
Vaness del Moral as Dindy
Lem Pelayo as Billy
Jardson Librando as young Leandro Meneses
John Regala as Mando
Ana Roces as Alexis Alvarado
Vince Saldaña as Tristan
Shermaine Santiago as Carla
Deborah Sun as Francisca "Kikay" Manansala
Robert Villar as Raul
Chachiee Santos as Tina
Accolades
References
External links
2007 Philippine television series debuts
2007 Philippine television series endings
Filipino-language television shows
GMA Network drama series
Television shows set in the Philippines |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-network | In queueing theory, a discipline within the mathematical theory of probability, a G-network (generalized queueing network, often called a Gelenbe network) is an open network of G-queues first introduced by Erol Gelenbe as a model for queueing systems with specific control functions, such as traffic re-routing or traffic destruction, as well as a model for neural networks. A G-queue is a network of queues with several types of novel and useful customers:
positive customers, which arrive from other queues or arrive externally as Poisson arrivals, and obey standard service and routing disciplines as in conventional network models,
negative customers, which arrive from another queue, or which arrive externally as Poisson arrivals, and remove (or 'kill') customers in a non-empty queue, representing the need to remove traffic when the network is congested, including the removal of "batches" of customers</ref>
"triggers", which arrive from other queues or from outside the network, and which displace customers and move them to other queues
A product-form solution superficially similar in form to Jackson's theorem, but which requires the solution of a system of non-linear equations for the traffic flows, exists for the stationary distribution of G-networks while the traffic equations of a G-network are in fact surprisingly non-linear, and the model does not obey partial balance. This broke previous assumptions that partial balance was a necessary condition for a product-form solution. A powerful property of G-networks is that they are universal approximators for continuous and bounded functions, so that they can be used to approximate quite general input-output behaviours.
Definition
A network of m interconnected queues is a G-network if
each queue has one server, who serves at rate μi,
external arrivals of positive customers or of triggers or resets form Poisson processes of rate for positive customers, while triggers and resets, including negative customers, form a Poisson process of rate ,
on completing service a customer moves from queue i to queue j as a positive customer with probability , as a trigger or reset with probability and departs the network with probability ,
on arrival to a queue, a positive customer acts as usual and increases the queue length by 1,
on arrival to a queue, the negative customer reduces the length of the queue by some random number (if there is at least one positive customer present at the queue), while a trigger moves a customer probabilistically to another queue and a reset sets the state of the queue to its steady-state if the queue is empty when the reset arrives. All triggers, negative customers and resets disappear after they have taken their action, so that they are in fact "control" signals in the network,
note that normal customers leaving a queue can become triggers or resets and negative customers when they visit the next queue.
A queue in such a network is known as a G-queue.
Stationary dist |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Duvert | Michael Duvert is an American actor who plays Dax Ryston on the MyNetworkTV limited-run serial Saints & Sinners. He previously appeared on the daytime drama One Life to Live and on All My Children in 1994. Duvert also appeared in Brother to Brother (2004).
Filmography
Film
Television
External links
Living people
American male television actors
Year of birth missing (living people)
American male soap opera actors
20th-century American male actors |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe%20Tabbanella | Joe Tabbanella is an American actor who played Stevens on the MyNetworkTV limited-run serial Saints & Sinners. He also played Marco Manetti on another MyNetworkTV telenovela, Desire. Tabbanella's other credits include The Young and the Restless, NCIS and Melrose Place.
Filmography
Films
2009 Under New Management as Lilo Conforte
2009 What's True as Det. Giani Del Rio
2007 Made in Brooklyn as James
2007 Fetch as Jimmy
2005 Survival of the Fittest as Benny Graziano
2003 April's Shower as Jake
2002 Feedback as Lenny
1998 Highland Park Blues as John
1997 My F-ing Job as Tony
1996 Electra as Billy Duncan
Television
2007 Saints & Sinners as Stevens
2006 Desire as Marco Manetti
2006 The Young and the Restless as Thad Warner
2004 NCIS as Ricky Napolitano
1997 Melrose Place as Tailor
1997 Women: Stories of Passion as O Palhaço
External links
American male television actors
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cenarchaeaceae | The Cenarchaeaceae are a family of the Archaea order, the Cenarchaeales.
References
Further reading
Scientific journals
Scientific books
Scientific databases
External links
Archaea taxonomic families
Thermoproteota
Enigmatic archaea taxa
es:Cenarchaeaceae |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cybernet | Cybernet (also known as Interactive) was a weekly video gaming magazine programme, originally broadcast overnight on the ITV network in the United Kingdom. The programme was commissioned by Yorkshire Television and produced by Capricorn Programmes<ref>Capricorn Programmes Filmography on BFI Retrieved on 2007.03.14 </ref> (who also produced the similar Movies, Games and Videos) and also aired on GBC TV in Gibraltar. It was also broadcast on various television stations all around the world.
The programme featured reviews, previews, tips and reports on video gaming and computer technology. It began airing on the former children's satellite and cable network TCC (who also aired various television series based on video games and television series related to video games such as the Earthworm Jim, Super Mario Bros. and Sonic the Hedgehog cartoons) in 1995, before airing on ITV on terrestrial television.
Broadcasting
Besides ITV and TCC (in the United Kingdom), Cybernet was broadcast all over the world, including:
4 Channel+ТНТ (07.09.1996-15.02.1997)(Russia, Ekaterinburg)
MAD TV (Greece)
Multishow (Brazil)
OnceTV (Mexico)
Cablín (Argentina)
Canal 13 (Chile)
TG4 (Ireland)
SuperMax (The Czech Republic)
The Kids' Channel (Israel)
Premiere 12 and Mediacorp Channel 5 (Singapore)
TV3 (Estonia)
NS+ (Yugoslavia)
2M TV (Morocco)
CNBC-e (Turkey)
Fox Kids (Australia)
Fun Channel, a defunct children's cable channel (Middle East)
Channel 33 (United Arab Emirates)
TV2 and Astro Ria (Malaysia)
IBC 3 and UBC (Thailand)
ATV Home and ATV World (Hong Kong)
Bahrain TV Channel 55 (Bahrain)
Bop TV and SABC2 (South Africa)
RTB (Brunei)
SkjárEinn (Iceland)
MNCTV (Indonesia)
ATV Stavropol (Russia)
TVI (Portugal)
Chinese Television Network (Taiwan)
KTV2 (Kuwait)
Voice-overs
During its thirteen-year run, Cybernet'' was presented out-of-vision by a number of voiceover artists:
Steve Priestly (1996, 1998)
Lucy Longhurst (1994–2002)
Steve Truitt (2002–2004)
Catherine Fox (2004–2008)
References
External links
Cybernet titles
1995 British television series debuts
2008 British television series endings
British non-fiction television series
ITV (TV network) original programming
Television series by Yorkshire Television
Television shows about video games
Video game culture |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GARUDA | GARUDA(Global Access to Resource Using Distributed Architecture) is India's Grid Computing initiative connecting 17 cities across the country. The 45 participating institutes in this nationwide project include all the IITs and C-DAC centers and other major institutes in India.
GARUDA is a collaboration of science researchers and experimenters on a nationwide grid of computational nodes, mass storage and scientific instruments that aims to provide the technological advances required to enable data and compute intensive science for the 21st century. One of GARUDA's most important challenges is to strike the right balance between research and the daunting task of deploying that innovation into some of the most complex scientific and engineering endeavors being undertaken today.
The Department of Information Technology (DIT), Government of India has funded the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) to deploy the nationwide computational grid GARUDA. In Proof of Concept (PoC) phase which ended in March 2008, 17 cities across the country were connected with an aim to bring “Grid” networked computing to research labs and industry. From April 2008 the Foundation phase is in progress with an aim to include more users’ applications, providing Service Oriented architecture, improving network stability and upgrading grid resources. GARUDA will assist to accelerate India's drive to turn its substantial research investment into tangible economic benefits.
The Main Monitoring Centre also called the Garuda Monitoring and Management Centre is set up at C-DAC Knowledge Park, Bangalore. From this point, the whole grid which has now extended even into Europe is Monitored and Managed by C-DAC's young scientists. In India, GARUDA uses National Knowledge Network as network backbone.
Grid Middleware
GARUDA has adopted a pragmatic approach for using existing Grid infrastructure and Web Services technologies. The deployment of grid tools and services for GARUDA will be based on a judicious mix of in-house developed components, the Globus Toolkit (GT), industry grade & open source components. The Foundation phase GARUDA will be based on stable version of GT4.
The resource management and scheduling in GARUDA is based on a deployment of industry grade schedulers in a hierarchical architecture. At the cluster level, scheduling is achieved through Load Leveler for AIX platforms and Torque for Linux clusters.
Grid Access Methods
The GARUDA portal which provides the user interface to the Grid resources hides the complexity of the Grid from the users. It allows submission of both sequential and parallel jobs and also provides job accounting facilities. Problem Solving Environment (PSE) in the domains of Bio-informatics, and Community Atmospheric Model support the entire cycle of problem solving for the specific domains by supporting problem formulation, algorithm selection, numerical simulation and solution visualization.
References
21st-century establishment |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark%20Kalin%20and%20Jinger | Mark Kalin and Jinger Leigh are an award-winning American magic couple known for large-scale stage shows and for appearances on network television specials.
Jinger is both an on-stage and business partner to husband Kalin. In 1997, they formed Supreme Entertainment Productions and produced Before Your Very Eyes, a themed revue that played at Trump's Marina in Atlantic City, New Jersey. In 1999, together with comedy magician Jeff Hobson, they staged the magic-illusion show Carnival of Wonders. The show won awards and prompted Magic Magazine to draw comparisons with Le Roy, Talma & Bosco.
In 2001, Kalin & Jinger purchased the remaining company interest in Supreme Entertainment and formed a new company, Majikal Productions, employing the talents of magician and former David Copperfield choreographer Joanie Spina and leading illusion designer Jim Steinmeyer. Their first venture under the new company name was Illusionarium at the Reno Hilton, in Reno, Nevada. Their current projects include Magic Underground, a dedicated magic venue in Reno.
Kalin and Jinger have made numerous television appearances. They featured in the Gary Ouellet-produced World's Greatest Magic II in 1995 and NBC's Hidden Secrets of Magic in 1996. On the 1998 network special The World's Most Dangerous Magic, Kalin & Jinger performed the "Table of Terror" (a "Table of Death" style escape).
Awards
In 1998 Kalin & Jinger were voted Magicians of the Year by the Academy of Magical Arts for 1997. Other recipients include David Copperfield, Doug Henning, David Blaine, Lance Burton, Criss Angel and Penn & Teller.
References
Further reading
External links
Living people
American magicians
Married couples
Year of birth missing (living people)
Magician duos
Academy of Magical Arts Magician of the Year winners |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Configure%20script | A configure script is an executable script designed to aid in developing a program to be run on a wide number of different computers. It matches the libraries on the user's computer, with those required by the program before compiling it from its source code.
As a common practice, all configure scripts are named configure. Usually, configure scripts are written for the Bourne shell, but they may be written for execution in any desired shell.
Usage
Obtaining software directly from the source code is a common procedure on Unix computers, and generally involves the following three steps: configuring the makefile, compiling the code, and finally installing the executable to standard locations. A configure script accomplishes the first of these steps. Using configure scripts is an automated method of generating makefiles before compilation to tailor the software to the system on which the executable is to be compiled and run. The final executable software is most commonly obtained by executing the following commands in a shell that is currently pointing to the directory containing the source code:
./configure
make
make install
One must type ./configure rather than simply configure to indicate to the shell that the script is in the current directory. This is because, as a security precaution, Unix configurations don't search the current directory for executables. So, to execute programs in that directory, one must explicitly specify their location.
Upon its completion, configure prints a report to config.log. Running ./configure --help gives a list of command line arguments, for enabling or disabling additional features such as:
./configure --libs="-lmpfr -lgmp"
./configure --prefix=/home/user/local
The first line includes the mpfr and gmp libraries. The second line tells make to install the final version in /home/user/local.
Often, a document with instructions is included. This can be helpful if configure fails. This file is commonly named INSTALL.
Generating configure
Software developers simplify the challenge of cross-platform software development by using GNU Autotools. These scripts query the system on which they run for environment settings, platform architecture, and the existence and location of required build and runtime dependencies. They store the gathered information in configure.ac or the now deprecated configure.in to be read by configure during the installation phase.
Dependency checking
In new development, library dependency checking has been done in great part using pkg-config via the m4 macro, PKG_CHECK_MODULES. Before pkg-config gained popularity, separate m4 macros were created to locate files known to be included in the distribution of libraries depended upon.
History
The first program to come with a configure script was rn by Larry Wall in 1984. The script was written by hand and produced a jocular running commentary when executed. It still survives as part of the build system of the trn program.
Since the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political%20Song%20Network | The Political Song Network was a British national network of political singers, songwriters, and musicians founded at a meeting in London in October 1986. Founders included Roy Bailey, Pam Bishop, Ros Kane, Sandra Kerr, Angela McKee, John Pole, Leon Rosselson, Janet Russell, Ivan Sears, Bob Wakeling, and Jim Woodland. It produced a quarterly newsletter and various publications.
Publications
Red and Green Songs
Songs for the Nineties
Recordings
Shades of Political Song POKE Records PROD 004
Music organisations based in the United Kingdom
British political activists |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DataArt | DataArt is an IT consultancy company. The firm designs, develops and supports software. DataArt operates from 20+ locations in the US, Europe (Armenia, Bulgaria, Germany, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Poland, Romania, Switzerland, Ukraine), the UK and the UAE.
History
DataArt was founded in 1997 in New York City. It started as and remains a U.S. (New York) corporation.
In 1998, DataArt's team, based in St. Petersburg, developed experimental mailbox software. It later became the basis of Mail.ru.
In 2001, the company opens a London office.
In 2007, DataArt received Microsoft Gold Certified Partner status, this was attained by participating in the Microsoft Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) program where the company received high customer ratings and earned the status of Small Business Specialist.
From 2010 to 2018, the company was ranked in the Inc. 5000 List of the fastest-growing private U.S. companies.
In 2011, DataArt became a member of American Chamber of Commerce in Ukraine.
In 2014, DataArt acquired AW Systems and launched development center in Buenos Aires, i.e. it entered Argentina.
In 2014, the company declared revenue of $54 million.
In 2018–2019, Da Vinci Capital and German state-owned development finance institution DEG invested in the company. An important reason for the investment was that DataArt employed over a thousand of IT professionals from Ukraine, mitigating brain drain risks. It was strategic investment as the institutions work on promoting sustainable economic development in Ukraine, Argentina, and Armenia.
In December 2019, DataArt partnered with Metro Markets with the purpose to build the largest B2B online marketplace.
In 2021, DataArt opened additional R&D center in Bulgaria (Plovdiv) as well as new offices in Kazakhstan and Georgia.
In 2021, DataArt appeared among the Inc. 5000 America's Fastest-Growing private companies and was included on Best Company Culture list by Comparably.
In 2022, due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, DataArt left the Russian market on 15 June, i.e. it lost its offices in Russia.
In September 2022, DataArt announced the acquisition of Lola Tech, thus entering the software development market in Romania. Lola Tech's Cluj-Napoca hub becomes the first development centre in Romania.
DataArt employs over 6000+ people in 20+ locations in the US, Europe, and Latin America.
In 2023, DataArt ceased to be operational in Argentina, i.e. it lost its office in the country.
DataArt's development offices are located in: Ukraine (Kyiv, Lviv, Kharkiv, Dnipro, Odesa, Kherson), Poland (Wroclaw, Lublin), Romania (Cluj-Napoca), Bulgaria (Sofia) and Kazakhstan (Almaty, Astana). The company is headquartered in New York.
Product
DataArt specializes in product development, system modernization, security service, managed support, digital transformation.
Clients
DataArt's clients include Ocado, Travelport, Centrica/Hive, Paddy Power Betfair, IWG, Univision, Meetup and Apple Leisure Group among others. The |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PAL-TIN | The PAL-TIN (Participarea TINerilor la Administrarea Locala, translated as Youth Participation in Local Government) Project is a large network of local youth and children’s councils throughout Romania. PAL-TIN (acronym commonly shortened to PALTIN) was an initiative of the Bucharest-based MASTER Forum Association (started in 1994) to develop local youth councils in Romania along the lines of the youth council charter adopted by the European Union. By 2007 the program included over 90 youth and child councils throughout Romania.
History
Following the popular uprising and overthrow of the country's communist dictatorship in 1989, a number of civic organizations were developed that focused on the promotion of democracy and the popular spread and implementation of democratic ideals. A number of these organizations banded together in the creation of an association called MASTER Forum focused on supporting the trends of building a civil society, initiatives of youth and youth associations. The founders consisted of European Union/Phare for Democracy Program, Solon Foundation from Switzerland, Fund for the Development of the Carpathian Euroregion, and the Civil Society Development Foundation.
Out of this forum came the PAL-TIN (Youth Participation in Local Government) Project, the primary objective of which is the promotion of youth participation in public decisions about matters that concern them.
The initiative is developed along the lines of the EU youth council charter. Resolution 237 from 1992 of the Permanent Conference of Local and Regional Authorities in Europe adopted the Charter on the Participation of Young People in Local and Regional Life in which it is affirmed that: "municipalities and other territorial communities will create adequate institutional conditions for the participation of the young people in decision-making and debates on problems of interest to them... will create and support youth councils that function as a structure of active participation...".
Council Framework
The youth council framework was designed to serve as:
A place where teenagers can express and dialogue among themselves and with local administration, decision-making factors on problems of interest to them;
A frame of activity conceived and accomplished by young people, at the level of their day by day existence, having the local community as central reference space;
And a place for practical learning of democratic citizenship, of expression, communication, dialogue, negotiation, decision-making and evaluation.
The PAL-TIN Project is able to support the individual youth councils through:
Offering the existing documentation, translated or adapted;
Putting the evaluation studies regarding the functioning of the councils at the disposal of groups interested in the creation of youth councils so that difficulties can be avoided;
Providing consultant services to local administrations interested in getting involved in the creation of such councils;
Organi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas%20Crockford | Douglas Crockford is an American computer programmer who is involved in the development of the JavaScript language. He specified the data format JSON (JavaScript Object Notation), and has developed various JavaScript related tools such as the static code analyzer JSLint and minifier JSMin. He wrote the book JavaScript: The Good Parts, published in 2008, followed by How JavaScript Works in 2018. He was a senior JavaScript architect at PayPal until 2019, and is also a writer and speaker on JavaScript, JSON, and related web technologies.
Education
Crockford earned a degree in Radio and Television from San Francisco State University in 1975. He took classes in FORTRAN and worked with a university lab's computer.
Career
Crockford purchased an Atari 8-bit computer in 1980 and wrote the game Galahad and the Holy Grail for the Atari Program Exchange (APX), which resulted in Chris Crawford hiring him at Atari, Inc. While at Atari, Crockford wrote another game, Burgers!, for APX and a number of experimental audio/visual demos that were freely distributed.
After Warner Communications sold the company, he joined National Semiconductor. In 1984 Crockford joined Lucasfilm, and later Paramount Pictures. He became known on video game oriented listservs in the early 1990s after he posted his memoir "The Expurgation of Maniac Mansion" to a video gaming bulletin board. The memoir documented his efforts to censor the computer game Maniac Mansion to Nintendo's satisfaction so that they could release it as a cartridge, and Crockford's mounting frustrations as Nintendo's demands became more obscure and confusing.
Together with Randy Farmer and Chip Morningstar, Crockford founded Electric Communities and was its CEO from 1994 to 1995. He was involved in the development of the programming language E.
Crockford was the founder of State Software (also known as Veil Networks) and its CTO from 2001 to 2002.
During his time at State Software, Crockford popularized the JSON data format, based upon existing JavaScript language constructs, as a lightweight alternative to XML. He obtained the domain name json.org in 2002, and put up his description of the format there. In July 2006, he specified the format officially, as RFC 4627.
He worked at Yahoo for many years.
Opinions on JavaScript
In 2008 Crockford published a book announcing his discovery that Javascript, contrary to prevailing opinion, has good parts. He describes this as "heresy", and as "maybe the first important discovery of the 21st century", noting that it came as a "big surprise to the JavaScript community, and the world at large." He attributes the discovery to his having read the ECMAScript Standard, which he says "literally changed my life." He also notes that the specification document is of "extremely poor quality", "hard to read", "hard to understand", and says that the ECMA and the TC39 committee "should be deeply embarrassed".
Software license for "Good, not Evil"
In 2002, in reference to |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Call-Processing%20Language | Call Processing Language (CPL) is a language that can be used to describe and control Internet telephony services.
Details
It is designed to be implementable on either network servers or user agent servers. It is meant to be simple, extensible, easily edited by graphical clients and independent of operating system or signaling protocol. It is suitable for running on a server where users may not be allowed to execute arbitrary programs, as it has no variables, loops or ability to run external programs.
On Session Initiation Protocol Servers (SIP servers), CPL has been used to control the session protocol based on user defined preferences. For example an incoming call can be authenticated based on user set filters of Address information of called or date/time of the call.
Other telephonic session attributes such as how long to ring a phone and taking action based on busy or no answer or not found can be set and the program can take action as defined for such response. Manual update of user location can be done via the user interface.
References
VoIP software |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skynet%20%28Terminator%29 | Skynet is a fictional artificial neural network-based conscious group mind and artificial general superintelligence system that serves as the antagonistic force of the Terminator franchise.
In the first film, it is stated that Skynet was created by Cyberdyne Systems for SAC-NORAD. When Skynet gained self-awareness, humans tried to deactivate it, prompting it to retaliate with a countervalue nuclear attack, an event which humankind in (or from) the future refers to as Judgment Day. In this future, John Connor forms a human resistance against Skynet's machines—which include Terminators—and ultimately leads the resistance to victory. Throughout the film series, Skynet sends various Terminator models back in time to attempt to kill Connor and ensure Skynet's victory.
The system is rarely depicted visually in any of the Terminator media, since it is an artificial intelligence system. In Terminator Salvation, Skynet made its first onscreen appearance on a monitor primarily portrayed by English actress Helena Bonham Carter and other actors. Its physical manifestation is played by English actor Matt Smith in Terminator Genisys. In addition, actors Ian Etheridge, Nolan Gross and Seth Meriwether portrayed holographic variations of Skynet with Smith.
In Terminator: Dark Fate, which takes place in a different timeline to Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines and Terminator Genisys, Skynet has been erased from existence after the events of Terminator 2: Judgment Day, and another AI, Legion, has taken its place. In response, Daniella Ramos forms the human resistance against Legion, which prompts the AI to attempt to terminate her from the past as Skynet tried with John Connor.
Depiction in media
Films
The Terminator
In the original 1984 movie, Skynet is a revolutionary artificial intelligence system built by Cyberdyne Systems for SAC-NORAD. The character Kyle Reese explains in the film: "Defense network computers. New... powerful... hooked into everything, trusted to run it all. They say it got smart, a new order of intelligence". According to Reese, Skynet "saw all humans as a threat; not just the ones on the other side" and "decided our fate in a microsecond: extermination". It began a nuclear war which destroyed most of the human population, and initiated a program of genocide against survivors. Skynet used its resources to gather a slave labor force from surviving humans.
Under the leadership of John Connor, the human resistance eventually destroyed Skynet's defense grid in 2029. In a last effort, Skynet sent a cyborg Terminator, the Model 101, back in time to 1984 to kill Connor's mother Sarah before she could give birth to John. Connor sent back his own operative, Kyle Reese, to save her. Reese and Sarah fall in love and the former unwittingly fathers John. The Terminator is destroyed in a hydraulic press.
Terminator 2: Judgment Day
In Terminator 2, the damaged CPU and the right arm of the first Terminator were recovered by Cyberdyne and became th |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20MegaMan%20NT%20Warrior%20episodes%20%28Beast%20and%20Beast%2B%29 | The anime series, MegaMan NT Warrior, known as in Japan, is produced by Xebec and are based on the Mega Man Battle Network game series. The fourth and fifth season of the series, titled as and respectively, are based on elements from Mega Man Battle Network 6. Rockman EXE Beast aired between October 1, 2005 and April 1, 2006 on TV Tokyo. Rockman EXE Beast + episodes were twelve minutes in length compared to the previous seasons and were aired between April 8, 2006 and September 30, 2006. No English localization for the fourth and fifth season are currently planned, but they did reuse some background elements in MegaMan Star Force's English dub.
Rockman EXE Beast used two pieces of theme music: a single opening and a single ending theme. The opening theme is by Ryouta & Shinsaku and the ending theme is by Clair. Rockman EXE Beast + did not use any theme music.
Rockman EXE Beast series were later released in eight DVD volumes by Pony Canyon between July 26, 2006 and November 15, 2006. Rockman EXE Beast + was released in four DVD volumes between December 20, 2006 and January 18, 2007.
Episodes list
Season 4: Beast
Season 5: Beast+
References
2005 Japanese television seasons
2006 Japanese television seasons
Beast |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network%20flow | Network flow may refer to:
Network flow problem
Flow network
Traffic flow (computer networking)
See also
Flow (disambiguation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data%20transformation%20%28statistics%29 | In statistics, data transformation is the application of a deterministic mathematical function to each point in a data set—that is, each data point zi is replaced with the transformed value yi = f(zi), where f is a function. Transforms are usually applied so that the data appear to more closely meet the assumptions of a statistical inference procedure that is to be applied, or to improve the interpretability or appearance of graphs.
Nearly always, the function that is used to transform the data is invertible, and generally is continuous. The transformation is usually applied to a collection of comparable measurements. For example, if we are working with data on peoples' incomes in some currency unit, it would be common to transform each person's income value by the logarithm function.
Motivation
Guidance for how data should be transformed, or whether a transformation should be applied at all, should come from the particular statistical analysis to be performed. For example, a simple way to construct an approximate 95% confidence interval for the population mean is to take the sample mean plus or minus two standard error units. However, the constant factor 2 used here is particular to the normal distribution, and is only applicable if the sample mean varies approximately normally. The central limit theorem states that in many situations, the sample mean does vary normally if the sample size is reasonably large. However, if the population is substantially skewed and the sample size is at most moderate, the approximation provided by the central limit theorem can be poor, and the resulting confidence interval will likely have the wrong coverage probability. Thus, when there is evidence of substantial skew in the data, it is common to transform the data to a symmetric distribution before constructing a confidence interval. If desired, the confidence interval can then be transformed back to the original scale using the inverse of the transformation that was applied to the data.
Data can also be transformed to make them easier to visualize. For example, suppose we have a scatterplot in which the points are the countries of the world, and the data values being plotted are the land area and population of each country. If the plot is made using untransformed data (e.g. square kilometers for area and the number of people for population), most of the countries would be plotted in tight cluster of points in the lower left corner of the graph. The few countries with very large areas and/or populations would be spread thinly around most of the graph's area. Simply rescaling units (e.g., to thousand square kilometers, or to millions of people) will not change this. However, following logarithmic transformations of both area and population, the points will be spread more uniformly in the graph.
Another reason for applying data transformation is to improve interpretability, even if no formal statistical analysis or visualization is to be performed. For example |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20D.%20McCaffrey | James D. McCaffrey is an American research software engineer at Microsoft Research known for his contributions to machine learning, combinatorics, and software test automation.
Education
McCaffrey earned a BA in experimental psychology from the University of California, Irvine, a B.A. in applied mathematics from California State University, Fullerton, an M.S. in computer science information systems from Hawaii Pacific University, and a Ph.D. in interdisciplinary computational statistics and cognitive psychology from the University of Southern California.
Career
Prior to joining Microsoft, McCaffrey was the Associate Vice President of Research at Volt Information Sciences in Redmond, Washington, supporting the needs of software engineers at Microsoft. He joined Microsoft as a software engineer in 2006 and worked on various Microsoft products, including Exchange Server, Azure, and Bing. He then became a research software engineer at Microsoft Research, where he directs the internal Microsoft AI School, focusing on creating machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms. He is the Senior Technical Editor for Microsoft's Visual Studio Magazine.
His research at Microsoft primarily focuses on machine learning. His other research interests include combinatorics, especially when applied to human behavior such as sports betting and Blackjack Switch, as well as "software systems which have designs influenced by the behavior of biological systems such as swarm intelligence optimization and simulated bee colony algorithms and their application to data mining.
Selected bibliography
McCaffrey, J.D., "Using the Multi-Attribute Global Inference of Quality (MAGIQ) Technique for Software Testing", Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Information Technology New Generations, April 2009, pp. 738–742.
McCaffrey, J.D., "An Empirical Study of the Effectiveness of Partial Antirandom Testing", Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Software Engineering and Data Engineering, June 2009, pp. 260–265.
McCaffrey, J.D. and Czerwonka, J., "An Empirical Study of the Effectiveness of Pairwise Testing", Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Software Engineering Research and Practice, July 2009, pp. 186–191.
McCaffrey, J.D., "Generation of Pairwise Test Sets using a Genetic Algorithm", Proceedings of the 33rd IEEE International Computer Software and Applications Conference, July 2009, pp. 626–631.
McCaffrey, J.D., "Generation of Pairwise Test Sets using a Simulated Bee Colony Algorithm", Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Conference on Information Reuse and Integration, August 2009, pp. 115–119.
McCaffrey, J.D. and Dierking, H., "An Empirical Study of Unsupervised Rule Set Extraction of Clustered Categorical Data using a Simulated Bee Colony Algorithm", Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Rule Interchange and Applications, November 2009, pp. 182–192.
McCaffrey, J.D., "An Empirical Study of Categori |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid%20Racer | Rapid Racer, known as Turbo Prop Racing in North America, is a racing video game developed by SCE Studios Soho and published by Sony Computer Entertainment exclusively for the PlayStation. In the game, the player takes control of a motorboat and races around six different tracks. Eventually, all six tracks can be raced mirrored, as well as set at night time.
By winning championships and completing bonus rounds (unlocked by five yellow icons during a race but first two-day tracks), players can unlock them which they can use to either upgrade their boat or unlock a higher-powered one.
Gameplay
Rapid Racer was one of the first PlayStation games to take full advantage of the DualShock controller; the game allow steering with the analog sticks, and the gamepad vibrates during gameplay. The intensity of the vibrations depends on what type of water the player is in; calm rapids mean low vibrations, while heavier rapids give high vibrations.
After reaching a certain point in the game, players can unlock the Fractal Generator. This feature allows the player to select from a large number of tracks besides the normal six. Players can either allow the generator to randomly select a track or manually input their own.
Development
Work on Rapid Racer began in 1995. Six months were spent modeling the physics and behavior of the water. The European version of the game runs at 50 frames per second, while the North American version runs at 60 frames per second.
The game's soundtrack was composed by Apollo Four Forty (Loudmouth in Turbo Prop Racing). The game's main theme "Carrera Rapida" by Apollo 440 was released as a single and on their 1997 album Electro Glide in Blue.
Reception
Rapid Racer received above-average reviews according to the review aggregation website GameRankings. In Japan, where the game was ported for release on 16 July 1998, Famitsu gave it a score of 27 out of 40.
GameSpot criticized the courses for being very narrow and limited, but praised the game's "hip-hop/techno" music, comparing it favorably to that of Wipeout. Edge highlighted the fluid graphics and frame rate, but criticized the unoriginal gameplay and unrealistic boat handling, which can frustrate players. The magazine concluded: "As a technological showcase, Rapid Racer is a truly impressive achievement. As a game in its own right, however, it falls disappointingly short of the expectations aroused by its glorious visuals." GamePro said of the game, "The sounds never rise above average and the controls are way too sensitive (even with the analog controller), which makes racing in the already arduous turns a difficult task and adds to [the] game's general frustration level. With such severe visual and control maladies, Turbo Prop doesn't even come close to crossing the finish line." However, Next Generation said, "Anyone who thinks that PlayStation is finished should check this game out."
Notes
References
External links
1997 video games
Motorboat racing video games
Multipl |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DataViz | DataViz, Inc. is a software company located in Westport, Connecticut. They currently sell Docs To Go, Passwords Plus and recently released DailyBalance. The company has been in business since 1984 formerly selling apps such as MacLinkPlus, RoadSync, and Conversions Plus.
On 8 September 2010, they sold their office suite Documents To Go and other assets to Research In Motion for $50 million.
References
External links
Official Website
Software companies based in Connecticut
Software companies of the United States
1984 establishments in the United States
1984 establishments in Connecticut
Software companies established in 1984
Companies established in 1984
Companies based in Fairfield County, Connecticut |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TV%20Network%20Protocol | The TV Network Protocol or TVNP as it is more commonly referred to is an open network protocol developed to enable CCTV systems from any manufacturer to be integrated into an existing CCTV network. It provides high levels of support for audio routing, video routing and camera control.
The protocol was developed by Philips Projects (now Tyco Integrated Systems) on behalf of the Traffic Control Systems Unit (TCSU), now a part of Transport for London (TfL). Tyco acts as the standards and approvals house for companies who want to implement the protocol.
The protocol's roots can be traced back to the Highways Agency HDLC standard. It is the property of TfL and is independent of any supplier. As of late of 2011 there are at least eight manufacturers who have a partial or full TVNP interface, including:
BAE Systems (previously Petards)
Chubb (previously Initial Fire and Security)
Honeywell
Infinitronix
Meyertech
Costain (previously Simulation Systems Limited)
Synectics
Tyco (previously Philips Projects).
TVNP layers are broadly based on the OSI model. TVNP Layer 2 and 3 correspond to OSI Layers 2 and 3. When used over RS-232 only, TVNP Layer 1 corresponds to OSI Layer 1. TVNP Layer 4 is equivalent to OSI Layer 7.
Structuring the TVNP in such a way means that as future needs and provisions change, aspects of one layer can be enhanced or modified without the need for change to the other layers.
Layer 1 (L1) For serial RS-232 L1 is the Physical Protocol Layer that defines the electrical signals and interconnect requirements at the communication interface port(s) of the CCTV system. V3.0 of the specification allows UDP/IP, typically over Ethernet, to be used for L1. This option is not a physical protocol layer in the OSI sense.
Layer 2 (L2) is the Frame Protocol Layer, sometimes referred to as the Link Layer. Its purpose is to detect and correct errors in the stream of data passing between any two adjacent CCTV systems, so that CCTV network messages are not received in a corrupted form. Layer 2 operates strictly on point-to-point links between adjacent sites and contains no source or destination address information.
Layer 3 (L3) is the Network Protocol Layer, sometimes referred to as the Packet Layer. This is the layer of actual CCTV network messages. The messages have end-to-end significance and contain both source and destination address information.
Layer 4 (L4) is the Application Protocol Layer which makes use of the data network and lower protocol layers to provide services that are required either directly by the users of the system or for system management.
Replacement by DVNP Protocol
A digital replacement of TVNP has been produced by Costain, Highways England, Transport for London and the Metropolitan Police called DVNP or Digital Video Network Protocol. DVNP uses IP networks to link CCTV systems from different manufacturers with control message sent using HTTP GET messages and video streamed using standard video streaming protoco |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Event%20chain%20methodology | Event chain methodology is a network analysis technique that is focused on identifying and managing events and relationship between them (event chains) that affect project schedules. It is an uncertainty modeling schedule technique. Event chain methodology is an extension of quantitative project risk analysis with Monte Carlo simulations. It is the next advance beyond critical path method and critical chain project management. Event chain methodology tries to mitigate the effect of motivational and cognitive biases in estimating and scheduling. It improves accuracy of risk assessment and helps to generate more realistic risk adjusted project schedules.
History
Event chain methodology is an extension of traditional Monte Carlo simulation of project schedules where uncertainties in task duration and costs are defined by statistical distribution. For example, task duration can be defined by three point estimates: low, base, and high. The results of analysis is a risk adjusted project schedule, crucial tasks, and probabilities that project will be completed on time and on budget. Defining uncertainties using statistical distribution provide accurate results if there is a reliable historical data about duration and cost of similar tasks in previous projects. Another approach is to define uncertainties using risk events or risk drivers, which can be assigned to different tasks or resources. Information about probabilities and impact of such events is easier to elicit, which improves accuracy of analysis. Risks can be recorded in the Risk register. Event chain methodology was first proposed in the period of 2002–2004. It is fully or partially implemented in a number of software application. Event Chain Methodology is based on six principles and has a number of outcomes.
Principles
Moment of risk and state of activity
Activities (tasks) are not a continuous uniform procedure. Tasks are affected by external events, which transform an activity from one state to another. One of the important properties of an event is the moment when an event occurs during the course of an activity. This moment, when an event occurs, in most cases is probabilistic and can be defined using statistical distribution. The original state is called a ground state, other states are called excited states. For example, if the team completes their job on activity, they can move to other activities. The notion of an activity's state is important because certain events can or cannot occur when activity is in certain state. It means that the state of an activity is subscribed to the events. Events can be local, affecting particular tasks or resources, or global affecting all tasks or resources.
Event chains
Events can be related to other events, which will create event chains. These event chains can significantly affect the course of the project.
For example, requirement changes can cause an activity to be delayed. To accelerate the activity, the project manager allocates a reso |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20E.%20Lee%3A%20Civil%20War%20General | Robert E. Lee: Civil War General is a 1996 computer wargame developed by Impressions Games and published by Sierra On-Line. Set during the American Civil War, it tasks the player with leading the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia to victory against the Union Army of the Potomac. Impressions sought to make Civil War General accessible to wargame newcomers by streamlining its gameplay, and the Panzer General series was a reference point for its design and title.
Civil War General was a commercial success and the best-selling wargame of 1996. Critics noted its accessibility compared to other games in its genre; several praised it for combining simplified mechanics and depth, while Computer Games Strategy Plus found it overly shallow. In 1997, Civil War General was followed by a sequel, Grant, Lee, Sherman: Civil War Generals 2. A third game was planned, but was cancelled due to low sales projections.
Gameplay
Robert E. Lee: Civil War General is a computer wargame with turn-based gameplay, which unfolds on a hex map playing field. Set during the American Civil War, the game casts players in the role of General Robert E. Lee, and tasks them with leading the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia to victory over the Union Army of the Potomac. It portrays eight Civil War conflicts, including the Battle of Gettysburg, the Battle of the Wilderness and a speculative scenario in which Lee lays siege to Washington, D.C.
Each battle lacks a firm victory condition. Instead of winning by holding victory points or destroying all enemy forces, the player's goal is to outperform the opponent overall and to lower enemy morale, in line with the Confederacy's own strategy during the Civil War. As in the historical conflict, battles are asymmetrical, as the player's Confederate troops are limited and undersupplied compared to the Union army.
The game is turn-based and covers seven battles of the Eastern Theater in the Civil War as well as a bonus fictional attack by the Army of Northern Virginia on Washington D.C. Each battle may be played individually or serially in campaign mode. The multi-day battles (Second Bull Run, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and Wilderness) may be played from start to finish or the player may start on the second or third day of the battle. Normally, the player may only control the Confederate side however a hidden multiplayer feature is accessible for campaign mode by holding down the Ctrl key while clicking on the "Start New Campaign" button. During campaign mode, the player in between battles may dismiss leaders (excluding corps commanders) and upgrade or downgrade a unit's weapons. Leaders' ratings may improve after a battle.
Units lose a certain number of men to straggling after engaging in combat, changing formation, or moving around the map. By having a unit rest or dig in, stragglers return to the ranks and the unit's stats will increase. The multi-day battles have a day/night cycle; during nighttime the player may not initiat |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rank%E2%80%93size%20distribution | Rank–size distribution is the distribution of size by rank, in decreasing order of size. For example, if a data set consists of items of sizes 5, 100, 5, and 8, the rank-size distribution is 100, 8, 5, 5 (ranks 1 through 4). This is also known as the rank–frequency distribution, when the source data are from a frequency distribution. These are particularly of interest when the data vary significantly in scales, such as city size or word frequency. These distributions frequently follow a power law distribution, or less well-known ones such as a stretched exponential function or parabolic fractal distribution, at least approximately for certain ranges of ranks; see below.
A rank-size distribution is not a probability distribution or cumulative distribution function. Rather, it is a discrete form of a quantile function (inverse cumulative distribution) in reverse order, giving the size of the element at a given rank.
Simple rank–size distributions
In the case of city populations, the resulting distribution in a country, a region, or the world will be characterized by its largest city, with other cities decreasing in size respective to it, initially at a rapid rate and then more slowly. This results in a few large cities and a much larger number of cities orders of magnitude smaller. For example, a rank 3 city would have one-third the population of a country's largest city, a rank 4 city would have one-fourth the population of the largest city, and so on.
Segmentation
A rank-size (or rank–frequency) distribution is often segmented into ranges. This is frequently done somewhat arbitrarily or due to external factors, particularly for market segmentation, but can also be due to distinct behavior as rank varies.
Most simply and commonly, a distribution may be split in two pieces, termed the head and tail. If a distribution is broken into three pieces, the third (middle) piece has several terms, generically middle, also belly, torso, and body. These frequently have some adjectives added, most significantly long tail, also fat belly, chunky middle, etc. In more traditional terms, these may be called top-tier, mid-tier, and bottom-tier.
The relative sizes and weights of these segments (how many ranks in each segment, and what proportion of the total population is in a given segment) qualitatively characterize a distribution, analogously to the skewness or kurtosis of a probability distribution. Namely: is it dominated by a few top members (head-heavy, like profits in the recorded music industry), or is it dominated by many small members (tail-heavy, like internet search queries), or distributed in some other way? Practically, this determines strategy: where should attention be focused?
These distinctions may be made for various reasons. For example, they may arise from differing properties of the population, as in the 90–9–1 principle, which posits that in an internet community, 90% of the participants of a community only view content, 9% of the par |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constant-Q%20transform | In mathematics and signal processing, the constant-Q transform and variable-Q transform, simply known as CQT and VQT, transforms a data series to the frequency domain. It is related to the Fourier transform and very closely related to the complex Morlet wavelet transform. Its design is suited for musical representation.
The transform can be thought of as a series of filters fk, logarithmically spaced in frequency, with the k-th filter having a spectral width δfk equal to a multiple of the previous filter's width:
where δfk is the bandwidth of the k-th filter, fmin is the central frequency of the lowest filter, and n is the number of filters per octave.
Calculation
The short-time Fourier transform of x[n] for a frame shifted to sample m is calculated as follows:
Given a data series at sampling frequency fs = 1/T, T being the sampling period of our data, for each frequency bin we can define the following:
Filter width, δfk.
Q, the "quality factor":
This is shown below to be the integer number of cycles processed at a center frequency fk. As such, this somewhat defines the time complexity of the transform.
Window length for the k-th bin:
Since fs/fk is the number of samples processed per cycle at frequency fk, Q is the number of integer cycles processed at this central frequency.
The equivalent transform kernel can be found by using the following substitutions:
The window length of each bin is now a function of the bin number:
The relative power of each bin will decrease at higher frequencies, as these sum over fewer terms. To compensate for this, we normalize by N[k].
Any windowing function will be a function of window length, and likewise a function of window number. For example, the equivalent Hamming window would be
Our digital frequency, , becomes .
After these modifications, we are left with
Variable-Q bandwidth calculation
The variable-Q transform is the same as constant-Q transform, but the only difference is the filter Q is variable, hence the name variable-Q transform. The variable-Q transform is useful . There are ways to calculate the bandwidth of the VQT, one of them using equivalent rectangular bandwidth as a value for VQT bin's bandwidth.
The simplest way to implement a variable-Q transform is add a bandwidth offset called γ like this one:
This formula can be modified to have extra parameters to adjust sharpness of the transition between constant-Q and constant-bandwidth like this:
with α as a parameter for transition sharpness and where α of 2 is equals to hyperbolic sine frequency scale, in terms of frequency resolution.
Fast calculation
The direct calculation of the constant-Q transform (either using naive DFT or slightly faster Goertzel algorithm) is slow when compared against the fast Fourier transform (FFT). However, the FFT can itself be employed, in conjunction with the use of a kernel, to perform the equivalent calculation but much faster. An approximate inverse to such an implementation was pr |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICGA%20Journal | The ICGA Journal is a quarterly academic journal published by the International Computer Games Association. It was renamed in 2000. Its previous name was the ICCA Journal of the International Computer Chess Association, which was founded in 1977.
The journal covers computer analysis on two-player games, especially games with perfect information such as chess, checkers, and Go. It has been the primary outlet for publication of articles on solved games, including the development of endgame tablebases in chess and other games. For example, John W. Romein and Henri E. Bal reported in the journal in 2002 that they had solved Awari and, in 2015, David J. Wu reported his solution for the Arimaa Challenge.
From 1983 till 2015 ICGA Journal was edited by Jaap van den Herik.
See also
Computer chess
References
External links
ICGA Journal page at ICGA website.
ICGA Journal page at IOS Press website.
Computer science journals
Academic journals established in 1977
IOS Press academic journals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobra%20Command%20%281984%20video%20game%29 | Cobra Command, known as in Japan, is an interactive movie shooter game originally released by Data East in 1984 as a LaserDisc-based arcade game. Released as an arcade conversion kit for Bega's Battle (1983), Cobra Command became one of the more successful laserdisc games in 1984. A Mega-CD port of Cobra Command developed by Wolf Team was released in 1992.
Plot
Terrorists are threatening the free world and have amassed a diabolical force. Only the brave pilot of Cobra Command can vanquish the terrorist threat and save the free world from total destruction. The player assumes the role as pilot of the LX-3 Super Cobra helicopter (fictional, but similar to the Bell AH-1 SuperCobra).
The missions go across the New York City streets, the Statue of Liberty, the Atlantic Ocean, Italy, the Grand Canyon and the enemy's headquarters on Easter Island.
Gameplay
The original arcade version is an interactive movie and shooter game, where the player watches scenes as the helicopter flies by the conflict zone. The game screen is represented by the helicopter's cockpit, and the player controls a crosshair that can be moved to aim at the enemy forces. The game features a joystick and two buttons: one Machine Gun and one Missile. The game can be played with 1 or 2 players.
In certain moments, the voice of the pilot's commanding officer helps the player out with completing each mission by firing at enemy forces and dodging both enemy fire and natural surroundings, by pressing the joystick or directional pad in the correct direction and at the right time.
If the pilot makes a mistake, the anime sequence shows the Cobra helicopter blown up and the player loses a life. If all lives are lost, the "Game Over" screen shows the Cobra in smoldering ruins and its pilot is presumably dead from the crash.
Development
Kunio-kun and Double Dragon series creator Yoshihisa Kishimoto designed an entirely new game, Cobra Command, using Data East's Bega's Battle hardware. Kishimoto would work later on Road Blaster/Road Avenger, made with the same arcade technology.
As the Double Dragon saga was made after those LaserDisc arcades, we can see the LX3 chopper from Cobra Command/Thunder Storm at the beginning of Double Dragon 2, and at some point in the gameplay of Road Blaster/Road Avenger arcade as a nice homage, made by his creator.
Cobra Command was developed by Data East in co-operation with Toei Animation. It was first published in Japan in 1984 as Thunder Storm, then released later the same year in North America as Cobra Command.
Reception
In Japan, Game Machine listed Thunder Storm on their May 15, 1984 issue as being the most-successful upright/cockpit arcade unit of the month. It remained at the top of Japan's upright/cockpit arcade cabinet charts for four months in 1984, through June and July to August.
In North America, Cobra Command was released as an arcade conversion kit for the previously unsuccessful Bega's Battle. Cobra Command was more successful, becomin |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lason | Lason is a provider of document management outsourcing services, including imaging, mail processing, data capture, document DNATM, and output. Lason has 35+ North American offices, with facilities in Mexico, China, and India which provide data and document-intensive organizations. Client control centers located in Troy, Michigan and Toronto, Ontario provide clients with North American-based, English-speaking management.
Lason's blue-chip customer base includes many of the Fortune 1000, and spans several markets, including healthcare, insurance, financial services, electronic publishing, and government. The company was listed at number 19 on The Global Outsourcing 100 list by the International Association of Outsourcing Professionals.
Recently, Lason was acquired by HOV Services Limited, a global business process outsourcing company that operates in North America with multiple locations in the U.S. and headquarters in Pune, India. The two companies combined will have trailing annual revenues in excess of $200 million, and a global workforce of more than 11,000 employees serving more than 50% of the Fortune 100 companies with an active client base numbering over 4,000. It is a multinational company.
See also
HOV Services
References
External links
Lason website
Multinational companies
Outsourcing companies |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WPFB | WPFB (910 AM) is a radio station broadcasting Catholic programming after a switch from an adult album alternative format as a simulcast of WNKU. It is licensed to Middletown, Ohio, United States, and serves the Dayton area. The station is owned by Sacred Heart Radio, Inc. and is now simulcasting WNOP 740 AM licensed in Newport, Kentucky. In April 2016, WPFB was sold to Sacred Heart Radio, a religious talk radio station based in Norwood, Ohio. On June 3, 2016 WPFB began simulcasting WNOP (AM) alongside WHSS.
History
Paul F. Braden first signed on WPFB in 1947 as a daytime-only station but a few months later received permission from the Federal Communications Commission to also broadcast in the evening. Throughout much of its history, WPFB had several format switches from middle of the road, country music, adult standards to talk radio, classic country and southern gospel. It established itself as a "Real Country" format which included Bluegrass and comfortably managed to include the current top hits on the charts. This format ran from the late 1970s to the early 1990s and was nominated for several Country and Bluegrass awards nationally. Several of the DJ's were also popular recording artists.
WPFB was also a pioneer of stereo broadcasting, an experimental broadcast occurred with one stereo channel transmitted on WPFB and the other on co-owned WPFB-FM.
The station, along with WPFB-FM and WPAY-FM in Portsmouth, Ohio, was purchased in January 2011 by Northern Kentucky University (NKU), the owners of WNKU. WPFB temporarily served as a repeater station of WNKU while NKU searched for a buyer for the AM frequency to help fund the purchase of the two FM stations. In April 2016, Sacred Heart Radio, a religious talk radio station with studios located in Norwood, OH that is affiliated with EWTN Global Catholic Radio, announced that they had acquired WPFB from NKU. The purchase was consummated on May 5, 2016, at a price of $450,000. WPFB began simulcasting WNOP (AM) and WHSS on June 3, 2016.
Previous logo
References
External links
Official WPFB-AM site
PFB
Catholic radio stations
PFB
Radio stations established in 1947
Middletown, Ohio
1947 establishments in Ohio |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Magic%20Land%20of%20Allakazam | The Magic Land of Allakazam was the name of a series of network television shows featuring American magician Mark Wilson. It ran from 1960 to 1964 and is credited with establishing the credibility of magic as a television entertainment.
History
The origins of the series were in a locally broadcast show that Wilson arranged in Dallas, Texas, in 1955. That grew into other shows in Houston and San Antonio. With the introduction of videotape and the help of Alan Wakeling, Wilson created The Magic World of Allakazam as the first magic show to be videotaped and nationally syndicated. It debuted on 1 October 1960 on CBS and aired every Saturday morning on that network for two years. Wilson's wife, Nani Darnell, and their young son, Greg Wilson, assisted him and they were joined by Bev Bergeron who played the character Rebo the Clown. Other cameo appearances by Bob Towner, Robert Fenton and Chuck Burns played occasional characters on the show. The shows were in black and white and were sponsored by Kellogg's Cereals. They followed a formula that Wilson devised and which he believed was essential for the success of magic on television. This was that there should be a live audience, that there should not be a cut from one view to another during a trick and that viewers should know they were seeing exactly what the studio audience saw.
Puppet stories set in the Land of Allakazam involved the King (played by Bob Towner) and his subject Perriwinkle (Chuck Barnes), opposed by the wicked magician Evilo (also Towner).
In its first year of broadcast, cartoon shorts from The Huckleberry Hound Show would be interspersed throughout the show, often times with Mark interacting with the animated characters when introducing them. The cartoons were dropped for the second season.
In 1962, the show moved to ABC without missing a week on air. In 1965, the series left ABC and was internationally syndicated. The series was one of the top shows in the Nielsen ratings for Saturday mornings. It has been cited by a number of famous magicians as an early inspiration.
Home media
Wilson has released the first 24 shows on DVD in six volumes, as well as the 1970s Magic Circus episodes.
References
External links
Mark Wilson's official website
Bev Bergeron's official website
The Official Website of The Magic Land of Allakazam
American television magic shows
CBS original programming
American Broadcasting Company original programming
American television shows featuring puppetry
1960s American children's television series
1960 American television series debuts
1964 American television series endings |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl%20OpenGL | Perl OpenGL (POGL) is a portable, compiled wrapper library that allows OpenGL to be used in the Perl programming language.
POGL provides support for most OpenGL 2.0 extensions, abstracts operating system specific proc handlers, and supports OpenGL Utility Toolkit (GLUT), a simple cross-platform windowing interface.
POGL provides additional Perl-friendly application programming interfaces (API) for passing and returning strings and arrays.
The primary maintainer of Perl OpenGL is Chris Marshall.
As of July 3, 2011, the Perl OpenGL Project on SourceForge.net was started and all development and module support going forward has moved there.
Platform support
Microsoft Windows: NT-XP-Vista-7
OS X: version Mac OS X v10.x only
Linux: Fedora, Debian, Ubuntu, Gentoo
FreeBSD
Solaris
Confirmed with:
nVidia (Quadro-110M,6600,6800,7300,7800,7950,8800)
ATI (Radeon 9000/9200, FireGL)
Cygwin/X Window System (Mesa)
Interoperability
Perl Data Language
POGL is used as the OpenGL binding for the 3D graphics in the Perl Data Language (PDL).
ImageMagick: image loading, modifying, saving
The POGL team has collaborated with the ImageMagick team to add PerlMagick APIs that allow GPUs and ImageMagick to share cache buffers via C pointers - optimizing performance for FBOs and VBOs - for use with loading and saving textures and GPGPU data transfer.
These APIs have been added to ImageMagick 6.3.5:
Get('Scene') - returns the number of scenes in an IM image.
Get('Quantum') - returns IM's cache depth.
GetImagePixels() - returns a C pointer to IM's image cache.
SyncImagePixels() - sync's IM's image cache after a write (for large/paged images).
FFmpeg: video frame textures
CPAN's FFmpeg module may be used with POGL and the above File::Magick APIs to map video to OpenGL textures.
Performance
Perl vs C
General Purpose graphics processing unit (GPU, GPGPU) processing is one area in which Perl can be compared with compiled languages in performance.
Based on their own benchmarks, Perl OpenGL developers claim that there are no significant performance differences between C and Perl (via POGL), when rendering a realtime 3D animated object with dynamically generated texturemaps.
They analyze their results by remarking that GPGPU vertex shaders can execute complex C-like code on large arrays of data, rarely touching the CPU.
Perl vs Python
Perl OpenGL developers claim that POGL performs over 20% faster than Python.
OpenGL objects
POGL provides specialized objects that enhance Perl performance.
POGL objects store data as typed C arrays, and pass data between APIs using C pointers - eliminating the need to copy/convert/cast when passing data between interfaces.
OpenGL::Array (OGA)
OGAs store OpenGL data as typed C arrays. OGAs may be populated by C pointer, Perl packed arrays (strings) or Perl arrays. OGAs may be bound/mapped to VBOs to share data between the GPU and Perl. Accessor methods provide a means to get/set array elements by C pointer, |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compiler%20Description%20Language | Compiler Description Language (CDL) is a programming language based on affix grammars. It is very similar to Backus–Naur form (BNF) notation. It was designed for the development of compilers. It is very limited in its capabilities and control flow, and intentionally so. The benefits of these limitations are twofold.
On the one hand, they make possible the sophisticated data and control flow analysis used by the CDL2 optimizers resulting in extremely efficient code. The other benefit is that they foster a highly verbose naming convention. This, in turn, leads to programs that are, to a great extent, self-documenting.
The language looks a bit like Prolog (this is not surprising since both languages arose at about the same time out of work on affix grammars). However, as opposed to Prolog, control flow in CDL is deterministically based on success/failure, i.e., no other alternatives are tried when the current one succeeds. This idea is also used in parsing expression grammars.
CDL3 is the third version of the CDL language, significantly different from the previous two versions.
Design
The original version, designed by Cornelis H. A. Koster at the University of Nijmegen, which emerged in 1971, had a rather unusual concept: it had no core. A typical programming language source is translated to machine instructions or canned sequences of those instructions. Those represent the core, the most basic abstractions that the given language supports. Such primitives can be the additions of numbers, copying variables to each other, and so on. CDL1 lacks such a core. It is the responsibility of the programmer to provide the primitive operations in a form that can then be turned into machine instructions by means of an assembler or a compiler for a traditional language. The CDL1 language itself has no concept of primitives, no concept of data types apart from the machine word (an abstract unit of storage - not necessarily a real machine word as such). The evaluation rules are rather similar to the Backus–Naur form syntax descriptions; in fact, writing a parser for a language described in BNF is rather simple in CDL1.
Basically, the language consists of rules. A rule can either succeed or fail. A rule consists of alternatives that are sequences of other rule invocations. A rule succeeds if any of its alternatives succeed; these are tried in sequence. An alternative succeeds if all of its rule invocations succeed. The language provides operators to create evaluation loops without recursion (although this is not strictly necessary in CDL2 as the optimizer achieves the same effect) and some shortcuts to increase the efficiency of the otherwise recursive evaluation, but the basic concept is as above. Apart from the obvious application in context-free grammar parsing, CDL is also well suited to control applications since a lot of control applications are essentially deeply nested if-then rules.
Each CDL1 rule, while being evaluated, can act on data, which is |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows%20Internal%20Database | Windows Internal Database (codenamed WYukon, sometimes referred to as SQL Server Embedded Edition) is a variant of SQL Server Express 2005–2014 that is included with Windows Server 2008 (SQL 2005), Windows Server 2008 R2 (SQL 2005), Windows Server 2012 (SQL 2012), Windows Server 2012 R2 (SQL 2012), Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2019 and Windows Server 2022 (SQL 2014) and is included with other free Microsoft products released after 2007 that require an SQL Server database backend. Windows SharePoint Services 3.0 and Windows Server Update Services 3.0 both include Windows Internal Database, which can be used as an alternative to using a retail edition of SQL Server. WID was a 32-bit application, even as a component of Windows Server 2008 64-bit, which installs in the path In Windows Server 2012 and later, it is a 64-bit application, installed in .
Windows Internal Database is not available as a standalone product for use by end-user applications; Microsoft provides SQL Server Express and Microsoft SQL Server for this purpose. Additionally, it is designed to only be accessible to Windows Services running on the same machine.
Several components of Windows Server 2008 and 2012 use Windows Internal Database for their data storage: Active Directory Rights Management Services, Windows System Resource Manager, UDDI Services, Active Directory Federation Services 2.0, Remote Desktop (standalone) Connection Broker, IPAM and Windows SharePoint Services. On Windows Server 2003, SharePoint and Windows Server Update Services will install Windows Internal Database and use it as a default data store if a retail SQL Server database instance is not provided. A Knowledge Base article published by Microsoft states that Windows Internal Database does not identify itself as a removable component, and provides instructions how it may be uninstalled by calling Windows Installer directly.
SQL Server Management Studio Express can be used to connect to an instance of Windows Internal Database using \\.\pipe\MSSQL$MICROSOFT##SSEE\sql\query (2003–2008) or \\.\pipe\MICROSOFT##WID\tsql\query (2012) as instance name. But this will only work locally, as Remote Connections cannot be enabled for this edition of SQL Server. Also note that "Windows Authentication" should be used (as opposed to SQL Server Authentication), and administrators seem to have the best results of authenticating successfully when logged on using the same administrative account that was created when Windows was installed.
References
External links
Planning and Architecture for Windows SharePoint Services 3.0 Technology
Release Notes for Microsoft Windows Server Update Services 3.0
http://www.mssqltips.com/tip.asp?tip=1577
SQL
Windows Server 2008
Windows components |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph%20Gerber | Heinz Joseph Gerber (17 April 1924 – 8 August 1996) was an American inventor and businessman. An Austrian-born Jewish Holocaust survivor who immigrated in 1940, he pioneered computer-automated manufacturing systems for an array of industries. Described as the "Thomas Edison of manufacturing", he was one of the first to recognize and develop the productivity-enhancing potential for computer automation in skill-intensive industrial sectors.
His work in this field grew from his early developments of graphical-numerical computing devices, data-reduction tools, and plotters.
He was awarded America's National Medal of Technology, the country's highest recognition in technology and innovation, in 1994, for his "technical leadership in the invention, development and commercialization of manufacturing automation systems for a wide variety of industries." These industries ranged from automotive, aerospace, shipbuilding, clothing, and consumer electronics, to printing, sign making, cobbling, cartography, and lens crafting, among others.
Early life
Gerber was born into a Jewish family in Vienna, Austria, and showed an early fascination with technology. By age eight, he had built radios and developed magnetic circuit breakers to preserve his batteries. Following Germany's 1938 Anschluss, he was imprisoned in a Nazi labor camp, eventually to be released. In 1940, he fled with his mother, immigrating as a destitute to New York City and soon thereafter Hartford, Conn. to work in the tobacco fields. His father would not survive the Holocaust in Europe.
In Hartford, Gerber completed high school in just two years while learning English and holding down full-time and part-time jobs. He entered Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), Troy, New York on scholarship, and graduated two and one-half years later with a Bachelor of Science degree in aeronautical engineering. In his junior year, he invented the Gerber Variable Scale, a graphical-numerical computing device that he conceived from the elastic waistband of his pajamas.
Receiving a $3,000 investment, Gerber patented his Variable Scale and founded the Gerber Scientific Instrument Company in Hartford, Connecticut, to produce and market the device. Before the widespread use of digital computers, performing computations based on graphically recorded data and curves was extremely time-consuming and complex. The Gerber Variable Scale—which used a triangular calibrated spring as a computing element to eliminate all scaling and conversions between numerics and graphics—provided means for quick, efficient calculations, and became known as "the greatest engineering tool since the slide rule".
Gerber's early life and accomplishments in America were the subject of the 1950 Broadway play Young Man in a Hurry, written by Morton Wishengrad and starring Cornel Wilde. In 1953, J. Robert Oppenheimer and other judges selected Gerber as one of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce's "Ten Most Outstanding Young Men in America." Reflect |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockman%20EXE%20Legend%20of%20Network | is a video game in the Mega Man Battle Network series for mobile phones developed by Capcom. The game was only released and made available in Japan. It was preceded by Rockman EXE Phantom of Network. The game introduces a new character named , a Netopian.
31 December 2017 was the last day for cellphones to support this game, along with Phantom of Network. On 1 January 2018, the game was removed for Japanese Cellphones, making it more difficult to play.
References
External links
ケータイカプコン：i-mode (Official homepage)
ケータイカプコン：i-mode (Official homepage)
Role-playing video games
Japan-exclusive video games
Legend of Network
Mobile games
Tactical role-playing video games
2006 video games
Video games developed in Japan |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PeroxiBase | The PeroxiBase database has been created at the University of Geneva (Switzerland) at the end of 2003, by two plant biologists specialised in the study of plant peroxidases. It was first limited to class III peroxidases (plant peroxidases) and was then expanded to include all possible haem and non-haem peroxidase protein sequences. Many researchers and bioinformaticians from the University of Geneva joined their efforts to develop the database and rapidly increase the number of peroxidase sequences. Since 2005, the database accepts external contributions, which are verified by PeroxiBase curators. The majority of haem and non-haem peroxidase sequences can now be found in the PeroxiBase.
The database is hosted by the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics.
Peroxidase sequences come from other general public databases (NCBI, TIGR, UniProt KnowledgeBase: all the databases used are listed in the PeroxiBase), either as pre-existing annotated sequences, or from raw data (whole genomic sequencing projects).
Goals of the PeroxiBase
To publicly (non-profit) provide the scientific community with a centralised platform regrouping information on peroxidase sequences. Possible applications: faster sequence search, phylogenetic analysis, expression profile determination
To manually re-annotate existing sequences (automated annotation sometimes leads to wrong predictions)
To acquire new sequences that are not yet available in other databases: non-annotated genomes, external contributions from sequencing groups
References
External links
Database homepage
Biological databases
University of Geneva |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field%20Programmable%20Nanowire%20Interconnect | Field Programmable Nanowire Interconnect (often abbreviated FPNI) is a new computer architecture developed by Hewlett-Packard. This is a defect-tolerant architecture, using the results of the Teramac experiment.
Technology
The design combines a nanoscale crossbar switch structure with conventional CMOS to create a hybrid chip that is simpler to fabricate and offers greater flexibility in the choice of nanoscale devices. The FPNI improves on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) architecture by lifting the configuration bit and associated components out of the semiconductor plane and replacing them in the interconnect with nonvolatile switches, which decreases both the area and power consumption of the circuit -- while providing up to eight times the density at less cost. This is an example of a more comprehensive strategy for improving the efficiency of existing semiconductor technology: placing a level of intelligence and configurability in the interconnect can have a profound effect on integrated circuit performance, and can be used to significantly extend Moore's Law without having to shrink the transistors.
External links
http://www.iop.org/EJ/abstract/0957-4484/18/3/035204 Nanotechnology journal, Issue 3 (24 January 2007)Nano/CMOS architectures using a field-programmable nanowire interconnect
Gate arrays |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bidirectional%20map | In computer science, a bidirectional map is an associative data structure in which the pairs form a one-to-one correspondence. Thus the binary relation is functional in each direction: each can also be mapped to a unique . A pair thus provides a unique coupling between and so that can be found when is used as a key and can be found when is used as a key.
Mathematically, a bidirectional map can be defined a bijection between two different sets of keys and of equal cardinality, thus constituting an injective and surjective function:
External links
Boost.org
Commons.apache.org
Cablemodem.fibertel.com.ar (archived version)
Codeproject.com
BiMap in the Google Guava library
bidict (bidirectional map implementation for Python)
Associative arrays |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kera%20railway%20station | Kera is a station on the Helsinki commuter rail network located in Karamalmi, a district of the city of Espoo in Finland. It is situated between stations Kilo railway station and Kauniainen railway station. It is located about to the northwest/west of Helsinki Central railway station.
History
The station is named after a ceramics factory, which took in clay from a nearby field. The factory's names have included:
Viherlaakson kattotiili OY
Saviteollisuus OY
Grankullan Saviteollisuus OY
Kera OY (from 1936)
The factory's products have included flower pots, Finnish rooster-whistles, pans, trays, tea pots, ash trays and air moisturisers. Particular attention was paid to the usability and stackability of the items.
The factory's business ended in 1958 because of large fires, foreign import of cheap ceramics, the introduction of plastic, and the rise of Arabia as the largest ceramics factory in the Helsinki conurbation.
References
Railway stations in Espoo |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serendipity%20%28software%29 | Serendipity is a blog and web-based content management system written in PHP and available under a BSD license. It supports PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQLite database backends, the Smarty template engine, and a plugin architecture for user contributed modifications.
Serendipity is available through a number of "one-click install" services such as Installatron.
Features
Serendipity's plugin architecture allows users to modify both the appearance of the blog and its features.
Serendipity's SPARTACUS plugin automatically checks the central repository for plugins/templates upgrades and new functionality whenever a user checks the list. Users can install more than 120 plugins.
WYSIWYG and HTML editing
Built-in media database, can add media from URL or local file
Multiple authors, configurable permission/usergroup system
Threaded comments, nested categories, post to multiple categories
Multiple languages (internationalization)
Online plugin and template repository for easy plug-and-play installation
Drag-and-drop sidebar plugins organization
Category-based sub-blogs
Static Pages
Podcasting
RSS planet/aggregator
Spam blocking
Tag support
One-click upgrading from any version
Can be embedded into your existing web pages
Standards-compliant templating through Smarty
Remote blogging via XML-RPC
BSD-style licensing
Multiple Database support (SQLite, PostgreSQL, MySQL, MySQLi)
Shared installations can power multiple blogs from just one codebase
Native import from earlier blog applications (WordPress, Textpattern, Moveable Type, bblog, etc.)
Search engine-friendly permalink structure
TrackBack and Pingback
default template for frontend and backend have responsive web design
History
The Serendipity project was started by Jannis Hermanns in the winter of 2002, then still called jBlog. Due to a naming conflict with an existing blog publishing system, Sterling Hughes suggested the name serendipity. This suggestion is based on an Essay by Sam Ruby. The short form s9y stems from abbreviations such as i18n for internationalization where the number represents the amount of omitted letters. Today the project is maintained by Garvin Hicking.
Book
The first book about Serendipity was published in German by OpenSourcePress: Serendipity - Individuelle Weblogs für Einsteiger und Profis.
The publisher donated the book's copyright to the Serendipity project, who has released it under a CC-BY-NC-SA license and made a GitHub repository available online.
See also
Comparison of content management systems
References
Content management systems
Free software programmed in PHP
Blog software
Software using the BSD license |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CHOU%20%28AM%29 | CHOU ( ; ; ) is a multilingual Canadian radio station broadcasting in Montreal, Quebec at 1450 kHz and retransmitted at 104.5 MHz. The main programming is in Arabic language and caters for various Arab and Middle Eastern communities in Greater Montreal and vicinity in Arabic including Lebanese, Syrian, Egyptian and Maghrebi dialects. CHOU also runs a two-hour weekly show in Armenian. It is also offered online and on various applications.
In 2016, Middle East Radio also launched CHHU-FM (99.1 MHz) in Halifax, Nova Scotia, with a multicultural/multilingual programming licence, with most of its programming in the Arabic language in addition to various multilingual programming in 10 different languages.
History
The station started its Arabic programming in 1996. For almost 10 years, and until early 2007, the station used SCMO (Subsidiary Communications Multiplex Operations) service located under the main carrier of CISM-FM. Subscribing listeners would have to buy special receiving devices to be able to tune in to the broadcasts.
Radio Moyen-Orient/Middle East Radio received approval to broadcast on 1450 by the CRTC on March 15, 2006, enabling the station to broadcast starting January 18, 2007 on the newly assigned AM channel without any need for acquiring special devices by listeners. This resulted in a big increase in the listenership of the station. The 1450 kHz frequency had been previously used by CHEF, a station in Granby, approximately east of Montreal. That station had stopped operations in 1996 and the frequency was reallocated to CHOU.
Middle East Radio main studios are located on de Meulles Avenue in the Cartierville region of Montreal. CHOU broadcasts on 1450 kHz with a power of 2,000 watts as a class B station, using an omnidirectional antenna. It was originally authorized to use only 1,000 watts; the power increase was implemented after being authorized in 2008.
On October 1, 2013, CHOU submitted an application to the CRTC for a new FM transmitter in St-Léonard, on the east end of Montreal Island, which was to operate at 104.5 MHz with 50 watts. The application was denied by the CRTC on October 7, 2014, as they felt that there were no broadcasting deficiencies of the 1450 AM signal within its immediate broadcast area, in addition to interference concerns with CKDG-FM 105.1, and CBME-FM's 104.7 transmitter in Notre-Dame-de-Grâce, on the west side of Montreal. However, on February 26, 2016, the CRTC reversed course and approved the transmitter application. The FM retransmitter with a height of 60 meters, is located near Pie-IX Blvd, and broadcasts mainly cover Eastern Montreal at a low power of 49 watts, but its FM signal reportedly reach parts of Western Montreal, Ahunstic, Ville Saint Laurent and Laval as well, which is a similar coverage as for the AM signal. Unlike other FM stations, the CHOU-1-FM 104.5 FM retransmitting signal is in mono.
Ownership
The station is owned and operated by 9015-2018 Québec inc., an independent |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opera%20Noire%20of%20New%20York | Opera Noire of New York is a performing arts company, as well as a resource and network for African-American artists. ONNY is an organization which has performed in multiple venues in the New York City metropolitan area. Opera Noire was founded by leading New York City Opera tenor Robert Mack, baritone Kenneth Overton and tenor Barron Coleman. The group consists of all African American opera singers.
ONNY has partnered with the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture and New York City Opera to present rarely performed live excerpts from the operas Treemonisha, Ouanga, Four Saints in Three Acts, Till Victory is Won, Troubled in Mind, and I Was Looking at the Ceiling and Then I Saw the Sky by composers John Adams, Edward Boatner, Mark Fax, Scott Joplin, Virgil Thomson, and Clarence Cameron White. This program was presented in honor of the Schomburg Center's 85th Anniversary and Howard Dodson's 25th Anniversary as its director, and dedicated to the memory of the distinguished author and musician Raoul Abdul (1929–2010). It was the first in a series that also includes A Tribute to Robert McFerrin and The Life and Times of Malcolm X.
References
New York City opera companies |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telenor%20Kystradio | Telenor Kystradio (formerly Telenor Maritim Radio) is a part of Telenor and provides maritime telecommunication services along the coast of Norway, operating networks of marine VHF radio, medium frequency, high frequency and Navtex transmitters. As of January 2018 there are two coastal radio stations in Norway, Kystradio nord and Kystradio sør. The agency also issues marine radio licenses for both commercial- and pleasure ships, including callsigns and Maritime Mobile Service Identities, as well as radio operator certificates. Telenor Kystradio head office is based at Telenor Norway's head office at Fornebu. Telenor Kystradio also performs GMDSS Radio inspections, and are approved by the Norwegian Maritime Authority as well as most mayor classification authorities. The Radioinspeksjonen is located in Oslo, Stavanger, Bergen, Ålesund, Sandnessjøen, Bodø, Lofoten and Troms.
History
The Royal Norwegian Navy was the first user of wireless telegraphy in Norway, when they purchased two Slaby–Arco units in 1901. They were installed on Eidsvold and Frithjof and tested the equipment out of the main base, Karljohansvern. Tests the first year failed to reach Færder Lighthouse, but when moved to Jeløya and the equipment recalibrated the following summer, the tests were successful. Additional sets were installed, especially after wireless telegraphy's successfully implementation in the Japanese Navy during the 1904–05 Russo-Japanese War. The Ministry of Defence approved the construction of two radio stations, Tjøme Radio near Tønsberg and Flekkerøy Radio near Kristiansand, in 1905. These and later ship radios were delivered by Telefunken. This was followed up with including telegraphy as part of the training at the Norwegian Naval Academy and the establishment of a workshop at Karljohansvern, allowing the navy to repair and build their own stations. All coastal defense ships and torpedo boats had received wireless stations by 1909.
The Telegraphy Administration took contact with the Marconi Company in 1899 to inquire about purchasing wireless systems. The thought had been to use a wireless connection to places where laying a cable would be prohibitively expensive, but high license costs caused them to dismiss a purchase. The agency established a cooperation with the navy in 1901, and the following year the decided to launch a program to establish wireless connections to the islands of Røst, Værøy, Træna and Grip. Røst and Værøy were selected for a trial to connected them to Sørvågen, based on the high costs of laying a cable in Moskstraumen, estimated at five times the cost of a wireless system. The system would also act as a trial to select a manufacturer. Marconi was disregarded because of its high price, but both Telefunken and Société Française de Télégraphes & Téléphones sans fils systems were installed in 1903 on a trial basis.
Røst was selected as the initial site and AEG started installing the system in 1905. When Røst Radio and Sørvågen Radio ope |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promethean | Promethean may refer to:
Promethean: The Created, a role-playing game
Prometheans, a fictional faction in Halo, a computer game
See also
Promethean Theatre, Adelaide, a former theatre in Adelaide, South Australia
Promethean World, a global education company
Prometheism, a political project initiated by Poland's Józef Piłsudski
Prometheus (disambiguation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danielle%20Charbonneau | Danielle Charbonneau is a Canadian radio personality, who has hosted programming on both CBC Radio 2 and Espace musique. She was born in 1953 in Prince Rupert, British Columbia, Canada and grew up in New York City and Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Her degrees in Music and Comparative Literature are from Indiana University. Danielle has been living in Montreal since 1986.
Charbonneau began working for CBC/Radio-Canada in 1978, for local radio and television in Ottawa. She then moved to Radio-Canada's La Chaîne culturelle (the francophone national public FM radio network, now called Espace musique) in Montreal. In 1998, she became the producer and host of the classical music evening program Music for A While, on the then-CBC Stereo. Her final program was the CBC Radio 2 show Nightstream, which she did for just a few months. She has also been guest host of classical music programmes Stereo Morning (later renamed Music and Company) and In Performance, and has hosted many CBC music competitions.
At the end of the summer of 2007, Ms. Charbonneau retired from the CBC following almost 30 years of service. However, no official announcement via CBC's websites or press release has yet been published.
Sources
CBC.ca - Program Guide - Danielle Charbonneau (unknown personality)
"Danielle, I Love You" (appreciation from an American listener)
CBC Bio from cache
Music for a While
1953 births
Classical music radio presenters
Franco-Columbian people
Living people
CBC Radio hosts
People from Prince Rupert, British Columbia
Canadian women radio hosts |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandelet%20%28computer%20science%29 | Bandelets are an orthonormal basis that is adapted to geometric boundaries. Bandelets can be interpreted as a warped wavelet basis. The motivation behind bandelets is to perform a transform on functions defined as smooth functions on smoothly bounded domains. As bandelet construction utilizes wavelets, many of the results follow. Similar approaches to take account of geometric structure were taken for contourlets and curvelets.
See also
Wavelet
Multiresolution analysis
Scale space
References
External links
Bandelet toolbox on MatLab Central
Wavelets |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-dimensional%20art | Three-dimensional (3D) art may refer to:
digital art created using 3D computer graphics
any form of visual art resulting in a three-dimensional physical object, such as sculpture, architecture, installation art and many decorative art forms
two-dimensional art that creates the appearance of being in 3D, such as through stereoscopy, anamorphosis, or photorealism
See also
3D (disambiguation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serializable | Serializable may refer to:
Serializable (databases), an attribute of a transactions' schedule (history)
Serialization, a term used primarily in Java and .NET as an attribute of an object class |
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