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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony%20Parisi%20%28software%20developer%29 | Tony Parisi, one of the early pioneers in virtual reality and the metaverse, is an entrepreneur, inventor and developer of 3D computer software. The co-creator of Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML), he has written books and papers on the future of technology. He works on WebGL and WebVR and has written two books on the former, and an introductory book on virtual reality programming. He is the chief strategy officer at Lamina1. Parisi is also a musician, composer and producer currently working on multiple projects.
Career
Parisi has designed and developed several international 3D graphics standards. Parisi worked with Mark Pesce to develop VRML, which Pesce presented to the world in 1994. The purpose of VRML was to allow for the creation of 3-D environments within the World Wide Web, accessible through a web browser. Parisi worked with such corporations as Microsoft, Netscape, Silicon Graphics, Sun Microsystems and Sony to gain industry acceptance of the new protocol as a standard for desktop virtual reality. In his early career Parisi worked as a software engineer in Cambridge, MA. From 1987 to 1990 Parisi was at Bolt, Beranek and Newman, developing scientific and statistical analysis software and managing projects to port products to early graphical user interface systems.
From 1990 to 1991 Parisi was a senior software engineer at spreadsheet pioneer Lotus Development Corporation, where he worked on X, Windows and Macintosh versions of Lotus 1-2-3. In 1991 he co-founded Belmont Research with BBN alumni, where he created a scientific and statistical analysis software toolkit and wrote the compiler and runtime graphics and user interface libraries for BTL, the company’s domain-specific language for application developers. Parisi was a founding member of the Web3D Consortium, an organization focused on encouraging development and implementation of open standards for three-dimensional content and services. He was one of the original designers and specification editors of X3D, an upgrade to VRML which extended its features and added format encodings in XML, compressed binary and JSON.
Intervista Software 1995-1999
In 1995 Parisi founded Intervista Software, one of the first startups devoted to creating products for creating and viewing VRML content. Parisi developed WorldView, the first PC-based VRML web browser plugin for PCs. In 1997 Parisi licensed WorldView to Microsoft for distribution in the Internet Explorer web browser as its built-in VRML viewer solution, distributed to tens of millions of Windows users. Intervista was sold to Platinum Technology in 1999, where Parisi served as VP of Business Development through 2000.
Media Machines/Vivaty 2003-2010
After a period of independent consulting, Parisi founded Media Machines in 2003 to focus on X3D-based software and products. The company developed the Flux Player browser plugin and Flux Editor for creating 3D scenes and experiences. In 2008 the company raised investment from Silicon V |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DeepPeep | DeepPeep was a search engine that aimed to crawl and index every database on the public Web. Unlike traditional search engines, which crawl existing webpages and their hyperlinks, DeepPeep aimed to allow access to the so-called Deep web, World Wide Web content only available via for instance typed queries into databases. The project started at the University of Utah and was overseen by Juliana Freire, an associate professor at the university's School of Computing WebDB group. The goal was to make 90% of all WWW content accessible, according to Freire. The project ran a beta search engine and was sponsored by the University of Utah and a $243,000 grant from the National Science Foundation. It generated worldwide interest.
How it works
Similar to Google, Yahoo, and other search engines, DeepPeep allows the users to type in a keyword and returns a list of links and databases with information regarding the keyword.
However, what separated DeepPeep and other search engines is that DeepPeep uses the ACHE crawler, 'Hierarchical Form Identification', 'Context-Aware Form Clustering' and 'LabelEx' to locate, analyze, and organize web forms to allow easy access to users.
ACHE Crawler
The ACHE Crawler is used to gather links and utilizes a learning strategy that increases the collection rate of links as these crawlers continue to search. What makes ACHE Crawler unique from other crawlers is that other crawlers are focused crawlers that gather Web pages that have specific properties or keywords. Ache Crawlers instead includes a page classifier which allows it to sort out irrelevant pages of a domain as well as a link classifier which ranks a link by its highest relevance to a topic. As a result, the ACHE Crawler first downloads web links that has the higher relevance and saves resources by not downloading irrelevant data.
Hierarchical Form Identification
In order to further eliminate irrelevant links and search results, DeepPeep uses the HIerarchical Form Identification (HIFI) framework that classifies links and search results based on the website's structure and content. Unlike other forms of classification which solely relies on the web form labels for organization, HIFI utilizes both the structure and content of the web form for classification. Utilizing these two classifiers, HIFI organizes the web forms in a hierarchical fashion which ranks the a web form's relevance to the target keyword.
Context-Aware Clustering
When there is no domain of interest or the domain specified has multiple types of definition, DeepPeep must separate the web form and cluster them into similar domains. The search engine uses context-aware clustering to group similar links in the same domain by modeling the web form into sets of hyperlinks and using its context for comparison. Unlike other techniques that require complicated label extraction and manual pre-processing of web forms, context-aware clustering is done automatically and uses meta-data to handle web forms tha |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating-time%20temporal%20logic | In computer science, alternating-time temporal logic, or ATL, is a branching-time temporal logic that extends computation tree logic (CTL) to multiple players. ATL naturally describes computations of multi-agent systems and concurrent games. Quantification in ATL is over program-paths that are possible outcomes of games. ATL uses alternating-time formulas to construct model-checkers in order to address problems such as receptiveness, realizability, and controllability.
Examples
One can write logical formulas in ATL such as that expresses the fact that agents a and b have a strategy to ensure that the property p holds in the future, whatever the other agents of the system are performing.
Extensions and variants
ATL* is the extension of ATL, as CTL* extends CTL. ATL* allows to write more complex temporal objectives, for instance . Belardinelli et al. proposes a variant of ATL on finite traces. ATL has been extended with context, in order to store the current strategies played by the agents. ATL* is extended by strategy logic.
ATL has been generalized to include epistemic features. In 2003, van der Hoek and Woodridge proposed ATEL: the logic ATL augmented with an epistemic operator from epistemic logic. In 2004, Pierre-Yves Schobbens proposed variants of ATL with imperfect recall.
One cannot express properties about individual objectives in ATL. That is why, in 2010, Chatterjee, Henzinger and Piterman introduced strategy logic, a first-order logic in which strategies are first-order citizens. Strategy logic subsumes both ATL and ATL*.
See also
Linear temporal logic
References
Logic in computer science
Temporal logic |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block%20contention | In database management systems, block contention (or data contention) refers to multiple processes or instances competing for access to the same index or data block at the same time. In general this can be caused by very frequent index or table scans, or frequent updates. Concurrent statement executions by two or more instances may also lead to contention, and subsequently busy waiting for the process without the lock.
Solutions
To reduce contention for table blocks due to delete, select or update statements, reduce the number of rows per block. This can be done by using a smaller block size.
To reduce contention for table blocks due to insert statements, increase the number of freelists, or buffer frames.
To reduce contention for index blocks the best strategy is to implement a reverse index.
In most situations the goal is to spread queries over a greater number of blocks, to avoid concentrating on any single one.
References
Database management systems |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Least%20frequently%20used | Least Frequently Used (LFU) is a type of cache algorithm used to manage memory within a computer. The standard characteristics of this method involve the system keeping track of the number of times a block is referenced in memory. When the cache is full and requires more room the system will purge the item with the lowest reference frequency.
LFU is sometimes combined with a Least Recently Used algorithm and called LRFU.
Implementation
The simplest method to employ an LFU algorithm is to assign a counter to every block that is loaded into the cache. Each time a reference is made to that block the counter is increased by one. When the cache reaches capacity and has a new block waiting to be inserted the system will search for the block with the lowest counter and remove it from the cache, in case of a tie (i.e., two or more keys with the same frequency), the Least Recently Used key would be invalidated.
Ideal LFU: there is a counter for each item in the catalogue
Practical LFU: there is a counter for the items stored in cache. The counter is forgotten if the item is evicted.
Problems
While the LFU method may seem like an intuitive approach to memory management it is not without faults. Consider an item in memory which is referenced repeatedly for a short period of time and is not accessed again for an extended period of time. Due to how rapidly it was just accessed its counter has increased drastically even though it will not be used again for a decent amount of time. This leaves other blocks which may actually be used more frequently susceptible to purging simply because they were accessed through a different method.
Moreover, new items that just entered the cache are subject to being removed very soon again, because they start with a low counter, even though they might be used very frequently after that. Due to major issues like these, an explicit LFU system is fairly uncommon; instead, there are hybrids that utilize LFU concepts.
See also
Cache replacement policies
Memory paging
References
External links
An O(1) algorithm for implementing the LFU cache eviction scheme, 16 August 2010, by Ketan Shah, Anirban Mitra and Dhruv Matani
Virtual memory
Memory management algorithms
Online algorithms |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gina%20D%27s%20Kids%20Club | Gina D's Kids Club is an American educational children's television series broadcast on selected stations and networks. It is seen across the U.S. on Trinity Broadcasting Network (TBN) and its digital subchannel Smile. It can also be seen on selected local stations. Gina Mourey played Gina D herself. The other characters have been played by Tim Trombitas, Austin Blay, and Joel Simser.
Gina D's Kids Club is geared towards preschoolers from 2 to 6 years old and explores such topics as colors, shapes, and other subjects.
It was also broadcast on the Australian Christian Channel in Australia.
Episodes
Series overview
Season 1 (2004–2005)
Season 2 (2006–2007)
Specials (2004–2008)
Production
The series started pre-production in 2001 and had a budget of $1.8 million.
References
External links
2000s American children's television series
2004 American television series debuts
2008 American television series endings
American children's musical television series
American preschool education television series
American television series with live action and animation
American television shows featuring puppetry
Christian children's television series
Trinity Broadcasting Network original programming
2000s preschool education television series |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State%20space%20enumeration | In computer science, state space enumeration are methods that consider each reachable program state to determine whether a program satisfies a given property. As programs increase in size and complexity, the state space grows exponentially. The state space used by these methods can be reduced by maintaining only the parts of the state space that are relevant to the analysis. However, the use of state and memory reduction techniques makes runtime a major limiting factor.
See also
Formal methods
Model checking
References
Formal methods
Logic in computer science
Programming language implementation |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid%20computing | Hybrid computing may refer to:
Analog-digital hybrid computation (see Hybrid computer)
Symbolic-numeric computation
A term for heterogeneous computing |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blade%20Network%20Technologies | BLADE Network Technologies, based in Santa Clara, California, was a supplier of Ethernet network switches for blade servers and server and storage data center racks.
BLADE became part of IBM System Networking in 2010. Later sold to Lenovo as part of purchase of IBM x86 server division
History
On February 13, 2006, Garnett & Helfrich Capital
established BLADE Network Technologies, Inc., as a privately held company from a spin-out of Nortel's Blade Server Switch Unit, focused on networking for the blade server market.
Vikram Mehta was president and CEO.
In 2008, the company introduced its RackSwitch line of top-of-rack 1-10 Gigabit Ethernet data center switches. IBM acquired BLADE in October 2010.
Lenovo acquired IBM's server business, including BLADE in 2014.
See also
Fibre Channel over Ethernet
IBM BladeCenter
List of mergers and acquisitions by IBM
References
External links
Lenovo System Networking
IBM acquisitions
Electronics companies established in 2006
Companies based in Santa Clara, California
Networking companies of the United States
Networking hardware companies
2006 establishments in California
2010 mergers and acquisitions
Electronics companies disestablished in 2010
2010 disestablishments in California
Defunct computer companies of the United States |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aanderaa%E2%80%93Karp%E2%80%93Rosenberg%20conjecture | In theoretical computer science, the Aanderaa–Karp–Rosenberg conjecture (also known as the Aanderaa–Rosenberg conjecture or the evasiveness conjecture) is a group of related conjectures about the number of questions of the form "Is there an edge between vertex and vertex ?" that have to be answered to determine whether or not an undirected graph has a particular property such as planarity or bipartiteness. They are named after Stål Aanderaa, Richard M. Karp, and Arnold L. Rosenberg. According to the conjecture, for a wide class of properties, no algorithm can guarantee that it will be able to skip any questions: any algorithm for determining whether the graph has the property, no matter how clever, might need to examine every pair of vertices before it can give its answer. A property satisfying this conjecture is called evasive.
More precisely, the Aanderaa–Rosenberg conjecture states that any deterministic algorithm must test at least a constant fraction of all possible pairs of vertices, in the worst case, to determine any non-trivial monotone graph property; in this context, a property is monotone if it remains true when edges are added (so planarity is not monotone, but non-planarity is monotone). A stronger version of this conjecture, called the evasiveness conjecture or the Aanderaa–Karp–Rosenberg conjecture, states that exactly tests are needed. Versions of the problem for randomized algorithms and quantum algorithms have also been formulated and studied.
The deterministic Aanderaa–Rosenberg conjecture was proven by , but the stronger Aanderaa–Karp–Rosenberg conjecture remains unproven. Additionally, there is a large gap between the conjectured lower bound and the best proven lower bound for randomized and quantum query complexity.
Example
The property of being non-empty (that is, having at least one edge) is monotone, because adding another edge to a non-empty graph produces another non-empty graph. There is a simple algorithm for testing whether a graph is non-empty: loop through all of the pairs of vertices, testing whether each pair is connected by an edge. If an edge is ever found in this way, break out of the loop, and report that the graph is non-empty, and if the loop completes without finding any edges, then report that the graph is empty. On some graphs (for instance the complete graphs) this algorithm will terminate quickly, without testing every pair of vertices, but on the empty graph it tests all possible pairs before terminating. Therefore, the query complexity of this algorithm is : in the worst case, the algorithm performs tests.
The algorithm described above is not the only possible method of testing for non-emptiness, but
the Aanderaa–Karp–Rosenberg conjecture implies that every deterministic algorithm for testing non-emptiness has the same worst-case query complexity, . That is, the property of being non-empty is evasive. For this property, the result is easy to prove directly: if an algorithm does not perform t |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W31EL-D | W31EL-D is a low-power television station in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, broadcasting locally on UHF channel 48 as an owned-and-operated satellite repeater for the Daystar Television Network.
A deal was reached by the Trinity Broadcasting Network to sell K48IT to Word of God Fellowship, owner of the Daystar Television Network, on March 19, 2010. Following the sale, the station's call letters changed to KBDT-LP and it switched from TBN to Daystar. The station's call sign changed again on June 19, 2012, to W48DW-D. The station temporarily went off the air during the digital TV spectrum allocation and came back in mid-2021 on channel 31, W31EL-D, with PSIP rerouting the station to channel 48.
References
External links
Daystar Television Network affiliates
Television channels and stations established in 1999
Low-power television stations in Louisiana
1999 establishments in Louisiana |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driss%20Temsamani | Driss R. Temsamani (; born 1966) is a Miami-based American activist. public speaker, author, and managing director at Citigroup in his role as Latin America Regional Digital Channels and Data Head.
Early life
Temsamani was born in Tangier. He is the grandson of Rifians, General Driss Riffi Temsamani who was named Pasha of the Rif Republic in 1926 then Asila, Larache and Tetuan.
Driss emigrated to the United States in 1986. where he established TelQuel Magazine. Years later, Temsamani enrolled himself in business studies. He is a holder of an MBA from Ohio State University, an Executive MBA in Industrial marketing from IAE Universidad Austral in Buenos Aires, Argentina and an Executive Leadership from Harvard.
He is currently based in Miami, Florida where he lives with his wife.
Authorship and lecturing
Temsamani writes about a broad range of topics. In 2004, he was one of the first Moroccan Americans to publish a book in the United States along with Laila Lalami. His book Rewind, a drama story of the human spirit's struggle to find happiness while away from home, was released in 2005.
As a marketing strategist, Temsamani has participated in many industry conferences lecturing about and promoting the theories of "DNA Marketing" and the "Art of Marketing". His specialities include the concepts of diversity marketing and emotional experience.
Citigroup career
Temsamani is Director of Strategic Planning at Citigroup where he is responsible for Marketing and Business Planning. Driss held several roles with Citi in Product Management and Operations and was CIO for the e-Commerce division based in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Temsamani started his Citigroup career as a Senior Consultant in 1995 coming from Telemundo TV Network where he held the position of Operations Director from 1993 to 1995. Prior to that, he worked for Globe Magazine and Worldcare International Insurance.
Community Organization
Driss Temsamani is involved with the Moroccan American community on a broad range of social and advocacy topics.
Back in 2003, Temsamani co-founded the Morocco Foundation. A year later, he founded and became President of SOS Morocco.
Temsamani has been president and Board Director of the Moroccan American Coalition since 2008. Later in 2009, he founded the Moroccan Americans for Fritchey Movement.
Driss is also the Founder and President of the 361 Degrees Institute, a Moroccan American think-tank for Demographic Research & Development based in the United States. In 2012, Temsamani founded the Maghreb Growth Foundation.
Awards
Driss Temsamani is the recipient of The Jerry Goldenberg First place award for direct marketing in 2002 and The Strathmore Who's Who Leadership Millennium Award in 2000. He was named Visionary of the Year by Compaq in 1999.
References
Living people
Citigroup people
American non-fiction writers
Moroccan emigrants to the United States
Ohio State University Fisher College of Business alumni
People from Tangier
1966 births
Harvar |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midhat%20J.%20Gazal%C3%A9 | Midhat Gazalé (22 July 1929 – 8 June 2009) was an international telecommunications and space consultant and a visiting Professor of Telecommunications and Computer Management at the University of Paris IX. He served as President of AT&T-France, as chairman of the board for Sperry-France and for International Computers-France, and as an executive and research scientist for other major companies. He was made Chevalier dans l'Ordre national du Mérite in 1981. He was born in Alexandria and was a special advisor to the Egyptian prime minister for science and technology.
Gazalé was the author of the mathematics books Gnomon: From Pharaohs to Fractals and Number: From Ahmes to Cantor, both of which were published by Princeton University Press. The latter book won the 2000 Award for Best Professional/Scholarly Book in Mathematics and Statistics, Association of American Publishers and was one of Choice's Outstanding Academic Titles for 2000. An Italian edition was published by Dedalo Editore. He is also the author of Pyramids Road: An Egyptian Homecoming, published by the American University in Cairo Press.
References
Academic staff of the University of Paris
People from Alexandria
1929 births
2009 deaths |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitsubishi%20Research%20Institute%20DCS | Mitsubishi Research Institute DCS (三菱総研DCS), often simply called DCS, for Diamond Computer Service, its former name, is the system integrator of Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group (MUFG), jointly owned by Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc. (MRI) (60 percent) and MUFG (40 percent). It was established in 1970 from the IT service department of Mitsubishi Bank, listed in the First Floor of Tokyo Stock Exchange in 2001, but was delisted in 2004. It now employs about 1800 people.
DCS has several subsidiaries.
DC Operations (DCO) (1975)
Tohoku Diamond Computer Service (1993)
Diamond Fuji Soft (D&F) (1999)
with Fuji Soft (50%)
D&F will be separated to Idea Consulting (held by Fuji Soft) and MRV Solutions (held by DCS) on June 1st, 2010.
Nippon Card Processing (NICAP) (2001)
with NTT Data, First Data and Mitsubishi UFJ Nicos (formerly DC Card)
MRI Value Consulting (MRV) (2009)
with MRI (36%) and Mitsubishi Electric Information Systems (MDIS) (34%)
UBS Corporation (established in 1999, owned by DCS since 2010)
with Uni Charm (20%)
References
External links
Official web site (in Japanese)
Mitsubishi companies |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HDX | HDX may refer to:
HDX (Home Depot), in-house brand used by The Home Depot
Fire HDX, Amazon Fire tablet computer
Half-duplex, communication flowing in both directions, but not simultaneously
Humanitarian Data Exchange, an open humanitarian data sharing platform managed by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Hydrogen–deuterium exchange
Lisofylline, an experimental anti-inflammatory drug
Pro Tools HDX audio accelerator hardware
Thomas Saf-T-Liner HDX, an American school bus
Sky Sports HDX, a defunct Sky Sports HD channel brand |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive%20Network%20Exchange | The Automotive Network Exchange (ANX), a large private extranet that connects automotive suppliers to automotive manufacturers. Founded in 1995 by Automotive Industry Action Group (a consortium of major US auto companies), ANX since 1999 has been owned and operated by ANXeBusiness Corp., formerly a division of Leidos/SAIC but acquired in 2006 by One Equity Partners. Since 2006, ANX has expanded into other markets and now provides managed security, compliance assurance, and connectivity services to businesses in the healthcare and retail as well as automotive sectors.
Overview
The Automotive Network Exchange is the private extranet initially set up and maintained by the Automotive Industry Action Group, Telcordia, General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler. It was built as a private network for the auto industry in 1995 to provide consistent, reliable speed and guaranteed security for data transmissions between the automakers and their suppliers. The ANX Network allows trading partners to collaborate electronically on product design and development; solicit and process orders; and facilitate just-in-time manufacturing and post shipping schedules. In 1999 the Automotive Industry Action Group sold the ANX Network to the Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC), at that time the corporation now operating as Leidos before it spun off SAIC as a separate entity in 2013. The division overseeing the ANX Network became ANXeBusiness. During the next six years, over 4,000 companies joined the ANX Network, making it one of the largest extranets in the world. In 2006, the private equity firm One Equity Partners acquired ANXeBusiness from Leidos/SAIC.
Business drivers
The automotive industry is heavily dependent on collaboration between manufacturers and suppliers. These entities act as federated virtual companies for critical materials, parts, components, and services. High velocity supply chains are imperative to the success of these virtual companies. They must be flexible to accommodate the needs of the virtual automotive manufacturer, enabling the formation of “many-to-many” relationships, where trading partners can simultaneously subscribe to multiple model programs or opt out as the situation dictates. The ANX Network was designed, built and operated to deliver highly secure collaboration between strategic business partners.
Technology
The ANX Network is a secure private network that uses standard, open Internet protocols but carries all traffic over private lines leased from various carriers. Through IPsec and end-to-end encryption, the ANX Network provides secure service to its customers like that of a typical virtual private network (VPN). It is different from a typical VPN in that the routers that make up its network check every packet to make sure it comes from an IP address on the private network. Thus, nobody but ANX customers can get into the network. Triple DES encryption protects a customer's data from the potential maliciou |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinky%20and%20the%20Brain | Pinky and the Brain is an American animated television series created by Tom Ruegger for the Kids' WB programming block of The WB. It was the first animated television series to be presented in Dolby Surround and a collaboration of Steven Spielberg with his production company Amblin Television and Warner Bros. Animation. The characters first appeared in 1993 as a recurring segment on the animated television series Animaniacs. It was later spun off as a series due to its popularity, with 65 episodes produced. The characters later appeared in the series Pinky, Elmyra & the Brain, and have since returned to their roots as an Animaniacs segment in the 2020 revival of that series.
Pinky and the Brain are genetically enhanced laboratory mice who reside in a cage in the Acme Labs research facility. Brain is highly intelligent, self-centered and scheming, while Pinky is good-natured but feeble-minded. In each episode, Brain devises a new plan to take over the world which ultimately ends in failure, usually due to the impossibility of Brain's plan, Brain's own overconfidence, Pinky's bumbling, an oversight on Brain's part, circumstances beyond their control, or multiples thereof. In common with many other Animaniacs shorts, many episodes are in some way a parody of something else, usually a film or novel.
Premise
Many of the Pinky and the Brain episodes occur in the 1990s at Acme Labs, located in some large American city underneath a suspension bridge. Several episodes take place in historical times, with Pinky and Brain in the laboratory of some scientifically-minded person, including Merlin, H.G. Wells, Ivan Pavlov, and Johannes Gutenberg. There is very little continuity between episodes outside of the common fixtures of the two mice, though some plans for world domination from early episodes are subsequently referred to in later seasons; for example, Brain's mechanical human suit that was first used in "Win Big" reappears when Brain faces his rival Snowball in "Snowball".
The bulk of every episode involves one of Brain's plans for world domination with Pinky's assistance and the ultimate failure of that plan, with some exceptions. One centers on Snowball's plan to take over the world using Microsponge (a parody of Microsoft). Another episode features Brain's single day where he tries to do anything but take over the world: in the end, a group of people votes that he should take over the world on the one day that he does not want to.
Both Pinky and Brain, white lab mice kept as part of Acme Labs' experimentation, have undergone significant genetic alteration, per the show's title lyrics, "their genes have been spliced" which gives the two mice amplified intelligence over that of a typical mouse, the ability to talk to humans, and anthropomorphism. "Project B.R.A.I.N." suggests that the gene splicing occurred on September 9, 1995, which is coincident to the first full episode of Pinky and the Brain. The episode "Brainwashed" states that the gene sp |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis%20%28Chinese%20retailer%29 | Dennis () is a department store chain which operates a network of branches across cities in Henan, China. Zhengzhou Dennis Department Store Co. Ltd. sells a wide range of merchandise. Garments, cosmetics, jewelry, furniture, home appliances, and other everyday items are sold by the company.
From its opening up in 1995 to 2003, the total sales of the Dennis department store was 4.92 billion yuan. It was ranked 72nd in the top 100 Retail chain stores in the country and 24th in the top 100 single store sales in 2002. In 2003, it was ranked 79th in the Top 100 Retail Enterprises.
The board member is Wang Ren-Sheng.
Stores
Renmin Road store (): Opened on 16 November 1997 and is the first Dennis department store. Located on Renmin Road in Jinshui District, Zhengzhou
Huayuan Road store (): Opened on 31 May 2008. Located at the crossing of Huayuan Road and Nongye Road in Jinshui District, Zhengzhou. It has 16 levels above ground and 2 basement levels, making it the department store with most levels in China.
Midtown Seven (): Located at the CBD area of Zhengdong New Area. The shopping complex is composed of seven separated parts connected by overhead corridors.
David Plaza (): One of the largest shopping malls in Zhengzhou. Opened in 2015.
References
External links
Official website
Zhengzhou Shopping Guide at lonelychina.com
Companies based in Zhengzhou
Department stores of China |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qzone | Qzone () is a social networking website based in China which was created by Tencent in 2005. It allows users to write blogs, keep diaries, send photos, listen to music, and watch videos. Users can set their Qzone background and select accessories based on their preferences so that every Qzone is customized to the individual member's taste. However, most Qzone accessories are not free; only after buying the "Canary Yellow Diamond" can users access every service without paying extra.
History
Qzone started in April 2005 as an interior service within the Tencent company. The name was originally "Little Home Zone" in Tencent company. In 2008, Qzone was taken by Zhu Liang. This year, QQ registered users have reached 490 million, and about 200 million are active users. Qzone is positioned by Tencent as virtualization products along with QQ Show and QQ pet.
At the very beginning, the reference object of Qzone is not a social network, but blog products. "In 2005, Chinese blog market has been the rise of this market. Sina blog and MSN Space are two major competitors that we have. But Tencent did not have such power on media propagation, only relying on contents has no advantage. MSN spaces have a random combination of functional modules. The function of Space Decoration in Qzone was similar to it, and later on, we found the commercial value of it." Until now, the "Yellow Diamond System", Space Decoration still dominate. Qzone gradually transformed from a personal space, where users can customize blogs, keep diaries, post photos, watch videos and listen to music, to one of the China's biggest social network.
Qzone is set by Tencent as a bonded service to QQ. Recently as the rise of social networks based on mobile platform such as WeChat, Qzone is seeing a decline.
Features
Certified Space
Certified Space is Tencent page that officially certified by Tencent as well-known brands, agencies, e-commerce, application providers, web media, and celebrities. Certified space is a more advanced version of the ordinary Qzone, which adds some features and modules. The most notable feature is "I like" function, which allow user to follow up news from their favorite brands, agencies, media or celebrity. All updates of the certified space will display in information center of fans'. Certified Space users can launch various activities to maintain continuous and smooth interaction with their fans.
Own Space Decoration (Chinese: "空间装扮")
Users can set the background of their own space. Ordinary users can use the free background, while paid or open "Yellow diamond" users can use more backgrounds. Users can custom style settings, Module Manager, making new module, "my items", and "Restore Default".
Background music
Users can set the background music. There are two versions, which are aimed for "Green Diamond" users and ordinary users. "Green Diamond" users can enjoy genuine background music. Ordinary users can upload online music, but with a lower connecting qualit |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRB | TRB may refer to:
Funnelbeaker culture (Trichterbecherkultur in German), a megalithic culture
Tap, rack, bang, a firearm technique
Terminating Reliable Broadcast, in distributed computing
Tom Robinson Band, a British rock band
Transportation Research Board, a U.S. advisory board
TRB (writer), a ghostwriter name used in The New Republic magazine
trb., a musical abbreviation for trombone
Trump Rebate Banking system, a scam targeted at fans of Donald Trump |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Primate%20Research%20Center | National Primate Research Centers are a network of seven research programs in the United States funded by the National Institutes of Health to conduct biomedical research on primates. Each center is affiliated with a university or other host institution.
Research Centers
California National Primate Research Center (affiliated with UC Davis, Davis, California)
Oregon National Primate Research Center (affiliated with Oregon Health & Science University, Portland)
Southwest National Primate Research Center (affiliated with the Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio)
Tulane National Primate Research Center (affiliated with Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana)
Washington National Primate Research Center (affiliated with the University of Washington, Seattle)
Wisconsin National Primate Research Center (affiliated with the University of Wisconsin, Madison)
Emory National Primate Research Center (affiliated with Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia)
Former Research Centers
New England Primate Research Center (affiliated with Harvard University) (1966-2015)
References
External links
National Primate Research Centers
Office of Research Infrastructure Programs
Primate research centers
Animal testing in the United States
Animal testing on non-human primates |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sichinava | Sichinava or Sitchinava is a Georgian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Anzor Sitchinava (born 1995), Georgian rugby union player
Data Sitchinava (born 1989), Georgian footballer
Giorgi Sichinava (born 1944), Georgian footballer
Tengiz Sichinava (1972–2021), Georgian footballer
Georgian-language surnames
Surnames of Georgian origin |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free%20Legal%20Advice%20Centres | Free Legal Advice Centres (FLAC) is a non-profit human rights organisation that provide pro bono publico assistance via a network of legal advice clinics throughout the Republic of Ireland. They have been involved in a number of notable law cases including Airey v. Ireland.
History
FLAC was created in April 1969, a group of law students who used their legal knowledge to provide advice and information to those who could not afford the fees involved. They promoted access to legal redress for all, regardless of economic status.
It was through this work that they hoped to advance their ultimate objective: influence the government into instituting a comprehensive plan providing civil legal aid to those in need. FLAC’s operations expanded rapidly. By 1972, 2,437 cases had been handled. By 1974, this had risen to over 8000.
In some ways, these efforts distracted from the greater campaign for state-funded civil legal aid. Yet, ultimately it was a threat by FLAC to withdraw these services which forced the government to take action on civil legal aid.
Responding to FLAC’s campaign, the government formed the Pringle Committee in 1974 to address the issue of civil legal aid in Ireland. Meanwhile, FLAC continued its own efforts, achieving one of its early ambitions in 1975 by opening the first community law centre in Ireland.
In 1977, the Pringle Committee published its Report calling for the provision of state-funded legal aid centres and for individuals to be educated about their rights, echoing the demands made by FLAC.
However, the government remained slow to implement the Pringle Report. FLAC would emerge as central to two events which finally pressured the government to take action.
The first was the landmark ECHR case, Airey v. Ireland which challenged the prohibitive costs of a legal separation as breaching an individual's access to justice. Supported by FLAC and represented by Mary Robinson, Josie Airey won her case against the state and assurances of an adequate scheme of legal aid were secured from the government.
FLAC has inspired individuals and groups in other parts of the world to replicate its initiatives. One example is of Advocate Obaid Naseem Chaudhry of Islamabad, who is also providing free legal advice services.
References
Human rights organizations |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Linux%20Schools%20Project | The Linux Schools Project (formerly Karoshi, which can be translated literally as "death from overwork" in Japanese) is an operating system designed for schools. It is a Linux distribution based on Ubuntu (operating system). The project maintains two custom distributions, with one designed for use on servers and the other for use with the server version on client machines. The server distribution is the official Karoshi, while the client is known as Karoshi Client.
TLSP uses prepackaged GUI scripts in order to simplify the install and configuration process for inexperienced users.
History
TLSP was originally developed using Red Hat, early in the 2000s, with the aim of making Linux adoption easier for schools in the UK. Linux, at the time, was considered difficult to use in educational environments where computing expertise mainly came from teachers who were not dedicated IT staff.
With version 5.1.x, TLSP moved to the PCLinuxOS platform - but has since adopted Ubuntu in its place. The current production version of TLSP is 12.1.
Features
TLSP is downloadable from their homepage. The installation steps require an initial install of Ubuntu, which the Live CD prompts to initiate. Following the machine reboot after installation of Ubuntu, the install of the TLSP system is initiated automatically.
Educational
TLSP is primarily aimed at educational environments, but is also suitable for use in a Small to Medium Enterprise (SME) business environment. The included systems are suitable for use as file and print, email, web and e-learning servers. By leveraging these technologies, it is possible to administer a complete network using the integrated web tools and by using some form of remote desktop technology.
Server distribution
Primary Domain Controller capability
The TLSP system is a scalable single or multi server system, comprising many features. Chief among these are the ability to act as a Primary Domain Controller in a Windows network. TLSP uses built in Samba and LDAP servers to store user, group and computer information, and emulates a Microsoft Windows NT 4.0 server system using these technologies, providing computer and user authentication, along with file and print services on the local network. TLSP creates a standard Windows domain for the local network, and names it linuxgrid.
KiXtart
TLSP uses KiXtart scripts to set up Windows XP clients on the domain, providing mandatory profiles to most users on the system. Roaming profiles can be used, but are not recommended, due to the heavy network overhead involved. Using mandatory profiles and folder redirection to mapped file shares on the server, allows every user to store his own files in his "My Documents" folder.
Servers
TLSP includes the Moodle e-learning package, and several website content management systems, including Joomla! and Website Baker. eGroupWare and SquirrelMail are built into the system, allowing for full calendar and email facilities. These can be installed on |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talkbiznow | Talkbiznow was a business networking site Founded in 2008 and launched in August 2008. the site is a web-based business community and collaboration tool that provides business services for small businesses and professionals. Talkbiznow has been featured in the San Francisco Chronicle, Design Week, Sky News, The Financial Times, The Guardian, Times Online, Forbes, Fox Business Network, and The Daily Telegraph.
References
External links
Talkbiznow Web Site
BBC Click Kate Russell on the Internet
PaidContent Interview Interview: Martin Warner, CEO, Talkbiznow:’Not too late for another business .net
Defunct social networking services
Internet properties established in 2008 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald%20Stamper | Ronald K. (Ron) Stamper (born 1934) is a British computer scientist, formerly a researcher in the LSE and emeritus professor at the University of Twente, known for his pioneering work in Organisational semiotics, and the creation of the MEASUR methodology and the SEDITA framework.
Biography
Born in West Bridgford, United Kingdom, Stamper obtained his MA in Mathematics and Statistics at Oxford University in 1959.
Stamper started his career in industry, first in hospital administration and later in the steel industry. He starting applying operational research methods with the use of computers, and evolved into the management of information systems development. In need of more experts, he developed one of the first courses in systems analysis in the UK. In 1969 he moved into the academic world, starting at the London School of Economics as senior lecturer and principal investigator. From 1988 to 1999 he was Professor of Information Management at the University of Twente at its Faculty of Technology and Management. From 2001 to 2004 he was visiting professor at the Staffordshire University.
In 1970s Stamper jointed the work of the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP), and participated in the IFIP TC8/WG8.1 Task Group Design and Evaluation of Information Systems. In the 1990s he made a significant contribution to its 1998 publication of A Framework of Information System Concepts. The FRISCO Report.
Work
Theoretical foundations of information systems
The main thrust of Stamper's published work is to find a theoretical foundation for the design and use of computer based information systems. He uses a framework provided by semiotics to discuss and prescribe practical and theoretical methods for the design and use of information systems, called the Semiotic Ladder. To the traditional division of semiotics into syntax, semantics and pragmatics, Stamper adds "empirics". "Empirics" for Stamper is concerned with the physical properties of sign or signal transmission and storage. He also adds a "social" level for shared understanding above the level pragmatics.
Stamper adopted the idea of the sign as the fundamental unit of informatics after his research into the meaning of the word "information" which he considered dangerously polysemous. He was concerned to establish an operationalism at the semantic level of information systems rather than the binary level.
LEGally Oriented Language LEGOL
His work at the LSE investigating LEGOL (for LEGally Oriented Language – a computerized representation of the law) led him to incorporate the idea of Norms pioneered by Von Wright and the Affordances of Gibson in a system called NORMA (for NORMs and Affordances).
Stamper collaborated with Ronald Lee of the University of Texas on organizational deontics incorporating the Speech Acts of Austin and Searle. This led to the broader methodology he called MEASUR (for Methods for Eliciting, Analysing and Specifying Users’ Requirements). MEASUR |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AptX | aptX (apt stands for audio processing technology) is a family of proprietary audio codec compression algorithms owned by Qualcomm, with a heavy emphasis on wireless audio applications.
History
The original compression algorithm was developed in the 1980s by Dr. Stephen Smyth as part of his Ph.D. research at Queen's University Belfast School of Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science its design is based on time domain ADPCM principles without psychoacoustic auditory masking techniques.
The algorithm was then commercialized under the name aptX and first introduced to the commercial market as a semiconductor product, a custom programmed DSP integrated circuit with part name APTX100ED, which was initially adopted by broadcast automation equipment manufacturers who required a means to store CD-quality audio on a computer hard disk drive for automatic playout during a radio show, for example, hence replacing the task of the disc jockey.
The company was bought by Solid State Logic ca. 1988, and became part of Carlton Communications plc. in 1989. In the early 1990s, APT's codecs were used to transfer audio via ISDN lines by companies such as Disney to check dubbing done in Europe. On 23 December 1999, Solid State Logic was sold by Carlton Communications to 3i. Then in 2005, Solid State Logic sold APT in a management buyout. On 1 March 2005 APT Licensing Ltd. was incorporated in Belfast (until 18 December 2008 named Audio Processing Technology Holdings Limited).
The range of aptX algorithms for real-time audio data compression expanded with intellectual property becoming available in the form of software, firmware and programmable hardware for professional audio, television and radio broadcast, and consumer electronics, especially applications in wireless audio, low latency wireless audio for gaming and video, and audio over IP. In addition, the aptX codec was introduced as an alternative to SBC, the sub-band coding scheme for lossy stereo/mono audio streaming mandated by the Bluetooth SIG for the Advanced Audio Distribution Profile (A2DP) of Bluetooth, the short-range wireless personal area network standard. aptX is supported in high-performance Bluetooth peripherals.
Today, standard aptX and Enhanced aptX (E-aptX) are used in both ISDN and IP audio codec hardware from numerous broadcast equipment makers. An addition to the aptX family in the form of aptX Live, offering up to 8:1 compression, was introduced in 2007; and aptX HD, a lossy, but scalable, adaptive, "near-lossless" quality audio codec was announced in April 2009.
The company split in 2009; the broadcast hardware business was acquired by Audemat and became part of what is now WorldCast Systems, and the licensing business became APT Licensing and was acquired by CSR plc in 2010. aptX was previously styled apt-X until acquired by CSR in 2010. CSR was subsequently acquired by Qualcomm in August 2015.
Variants
aptX
The aptX audio codec is used for consumer and automotive |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Cancer%20Intelligence%20Network | The National Cancer Intelligence Network (NCIN), was set up in 2008 to drive improvements in care standards and clinical outcomes. NCIN is now part of Public Health England, following the Health and Social Care Act 2012.
About NCIN
NCIN coordinates the collection, analysis and publication of comparative national information on diagnosis, treatment and outcomes for many types of cancers, in a way which is useful to patients, commissioners and service providers and other interested parties.
Sitting within Public Health England (PHE), the NCIN is a UK organisation that attempts to work closely with cancer services in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland but the majority of the reports are at an England level only.
It brings together information from national NHS cancer organisations, cancer registries, health service researchers and a range of other interested parties (including the Office for National Statistics; National Clinical Audit Support Programme; and NHS Digital (previously the Health and Social Care Information Centre).
To ensure that data and analysis produced by NCIN is used to improve clinical care, NCIN set up 12 site specific clinical reference groups (SSCRGs).These groups ensure that the interpretation of NCIN is relevant to clinicians and can be used by the clinical community to improve outcomes.
Members of the National Cancer Intelligence Network
Funding Organisations
Department of Health
Cancer Research UK
Macmillan Cancer Support
Medical Research Council
National Cancer Research Network
Regional and Specialist Cancer Registries
National Cancer Registration Service (NCRS)
National Registry of Childhood Tumours
Northern Ireland Cancer Registry
Scottish Cancer Registry
Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit
Statistical and Analytical Partners
Cancer Research UK Statistical Information Team
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Cancer Research UK Cancer Survival Group
National Clinical Analysis and Specialised Applications Team
Health and Social Care Information Centre
Office for National Statistics
UK and Ireland Association of Cancer Registry (UKIACR)
Other partners
National End of Life Care Intelligence Network
Breakthrough Breast Cancer
National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Research Capability Programme
NHS Cancer Screening Programmes
NHS Improvement
Pharmaceutical Oncology Initiative
See also
Cancer in the United Kingdom
External links
National Cancer Intelligence Network
National Cancer Intelligence Network on the NHS website
BBC article in response to an NCIN report on lung cancer
References
Cancer organisations based in the United Kingdom
Public Health England |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic%20trimming | A dynamic trimming system operates seagoing vessels to achieve minimum water resistance under all circumstances. It is based on multidimensional analysis of real-time data collected on vessel attitude (trim).
Dynamic trimming automates data retrieval from sensor networks, for vessel management software applications. The core of the method is a multidimensional analysis model, which continuously calculates the key forces affecting the vessel attitude.
The system helps officers ensure that their vessels are operated efficiently. The key metrics are graphically displayed to facilitate decision-making.
The system aims to continuously optimize vessel trim, thus minimizing water resistance and reducing fuel consumption.
References
Sailing
Vehicle technology
Transport software |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External%20Bus%20Interface | The external bus interface, usually shortened to EBI, is a computer bus for interfacing small peripheral devices like flash memory with the processor. It is used to expand the internal bus of the processor to enable connection with external memories or other peripherals. EBI can be used to share I/O pins controlling memory devices that are connected to two different memory controllers. Use of EBI reduces the total number of system pins required causing the system cost to come down. EBI manufacturers include Barco,
Freescale Semiconductor,
Microchip,
Atmel,
and Silicon Labs.
References
See also
ARM9
Peripheral Component Interconnect
Computer buses |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fc%20%28Unix%29 | is a standard program on Unix and Unix-like operating systems that lists, edits and reexecutes commands previously entered to an interactive shell. fc is a builtin command in the Bash and Zsh shells and is an initialism for "fix command". It is particularly helpful for editing complex, multi-line commands. The editor can be specified by setting the EDITOR (changes the default editor) or the FCEDIT environment variable.
Examples
Flag -l used to list previous command history, with example showing command ls as item 1001 in the user's history.
$ fc -l
1001 ls
Flag -s with this index would then recall the history command from 1001:
$ fc -s 1001
ls
Though more powerfully, -s enables inline substitution.
$ ls floder
[user typo]
$ fc -s ^floder^folder^
ls folder
[Command revised and runs with correction]
Most powerfully, executing fc on its own edits the last command executed. Editor can be specified on command line (-e) or via environment variable FCEDIT. User is thus able to fully modify the last command executed via the editor, upon exiting will execute the resultant command.
$ fc
[Change 'ls' to 'ls -la' in editor and exit]
ls -la
See also
List of Unix commands
Solaris manual page for fc command
References
External links
Standard Unix programs
Unix SUS2008 utilities |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clone%20manager | Clone Manager is a commercial bioinformatics software work suite of Sci-Ed, that supports molecular biologists with data management and allows them to perform certain in silico preanalysis.
This type of bioinformatics software is used for managing, analyzing and visualizing DNA and protein sequence data essential for molecular biology.
For enzyme read control, sequence processing of identical individuals, cloning simulation, graphic map drawing, primer design and analysis, global and local sequence alignment, similarity search, laboratory scale sequence assembly projects A comprehensive set of tools.
References
External links
http://www.scied.com Sci-Ed homepage
Bioinformatics software
Cloning
Molecular biology
https://www.tegakari.net/en/2020/07/clone-manager/ Data management/analysis software "Clone Manager" for gene research in molecular biology |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hochk%C3%B6nig%20%28ski%20area%29 | Hochkönig is a large ski area on the Hochkönig massif in Salzburger Land, Austria. Hochkönig is part of Ski Amadé, a network of 28 ski areas on the same ski pass which make up the largest ski areas in Europe.
The Hochkönig ski area consists of the five resorts of Maria Alm, Hintermoos, Hinterthal, Dienten am Hochkönig, and Mühlbach am Hochkönig and is an hour's drive from the city of Salzburg. The ski area spans eight mountains.
There are 32 ski lifts and 112 km of prepared pistes; 52 km of them being classified as easy, 41 km as intermediate and 19 km as difficult. Hochkönig furthermore has 8 km of off-piste bowls with one of the highest tree lines in Europe.
Due to its special microclimate, Hochkönig has one of the best snowfall records in Austria and has a long ski season, usually from early December to the middle of April.
References
External links
Ski areas in Austria
Tourist attractions in Salzburg (state) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio%20resource%20location%20services%20protocol | Radio resource location services (LCS) protocol (RRLP) applies to GSM and UMTS Cellular Networks. It is used to exchange messages between a handset and an SMLC in order to provide geolocation information; e.g., in the case of emergency calls. The protocol was developed in order to fulfil the Wireless Enhanced 911 requirements in the United States. However, since the protocol does not require any authentication, and can be used outside of a voice call or SMS transfer, its use is not restricted to emergency calls and can be used by law enforcement to pinpoint the exact geolocation of the target's mobile phone. RRLP was first specified in 3GPP TS 04.31 - Location Services (LCS); Mobile Station (MS) - Serving Mobile Location Centre (SMLC); Radio Resource LCS Protocol (RRLP).
Harald Welte proved at HAR2009 that many high-end smart-phones submit their GPS location to the mobile operator when requested. This happened without any sort of authentication.
RRLP parameters
Positioning methods
RRLP supports two positioning methods:
E-OTD The Enhanced Observed Time Difference (E-OTD) is based on measurements inside the mobile phone, where the phone measures the observed time difference of arrival of bursts sent by nearby pairs of base transceiver stations.
GPS This method uses the GPS (Global Positioning System) for achieving geolocation. To support this, the phone needs to have a built-in GPS receiver.
Method type
The method type indicates whether MS based or assisted location is to be performed.
MS assisted The MS (mobile phone) performs E-OTD or GPS measurements, and passes the raw measurement data to the network. The computation of the geolocation is then performed inside the carrier network, not on the phone itself.
MS based The MS (mobile phone) performs E-OTD or GPS measurements, and successively performs the complete computation of the geolocation inside the phone. The result of this computation is then sent back to the carrier network.
In this mode, the network typically needs to send so-called assistance data to the phone.
References
Mobile telecommunications standards
GSM standard |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMLC | Serving Mobile Location Center
In GSM Networks, the SMLC is a network element that resides in the BSC (Base Station Controller) and calculates network-based location of mobile stations (handsets). The SMLC may control several LMUs (Location Measurement Units), which measure radio signals to help find mobile stations in the area served by the SMLC. It can calculate location using the TA (Timing Advance) method.
The SMLC communicates with the GMLC, which is the interface to external LCS clients.
Notes
GSM standard |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright%20agency | A copyright agency is a not-for-profit organisation which sets royalty rates, administers copyright registration databases, and issues interpretations of copyright statutes. Copyright is a kind of intellectual property concept and legislation which protects the original expression of ideas. Creators can use it to manage how their content is reproduced.
Function
The core function of the copyright agency is to set and issue licences to users of copyright-protected material, collect licence revenue and distribute these as royalties money collected fairly and equitably to copyright owners and creators. While some copyright agencies may also act as copyright collection societies, not all have that authority, and many copyright collection societies are only authorised by the government to manage schemes on their behalf.
They think that creators and publishers should receive a fair reward when their work is re-used. The way to ensure this is to issue licences to organisations that want to copy and re-use their published work. The licence fees collected are then passed on to the copyright owners - the authors, publishers and visual artists - that they represent.
Any organisation photocopying, scanning or digitally reproducing material from copyright publications will usually require a licence to ensure legal compliance. The licences help to reduce the risk and potential cost of copyright infringement. This requirement applies to organisations in the business, education, public or charitable sector.
See also
Copyright Agency Ltd, an Australian company
References |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameron%20LaCroix | Cameron LaCroix, aka camo, cam0, camZero, cmuNNY, is an American computer hacker best known for the hacking of Paris Hilton's cellular phone, accessing LexisNexis, and defacing Burger King's Twitter account. He has also been convicted of intentionally causing damage to a protected computer system, obtaining information from a protected computer system, wire fraud, and aggravated identity fraud. Prosecutors said victims of the teen's actions have suffered about $1 million in damages. Pursuant to a plea agreement signed by the juvenile in August 2005, he received 11 months in a federal juvenile detention facility. In January 2007 his supervised release was revoked due to possession of a cell phone.
In June 2008, an indictment for Cameron LaCroix was returned from New Bedford Superior Court in Bristol County on a series of counts for computer offenses.
LaCroix was previously held at the Federal Medical Center, Devens until paroled in 2018, when he then found gainful employment at U-Haul. LaCroix's parole was revoked, and he was reincarnated in 2019 after U-Haul accused him of compromising their IT systems, and using stolen credentials to load value on prepaid credit cards, then withdrawing funds from ATMs. He was released from penitentiary on April 5, 2021.
References
Footnotes
General references
Daniel Bukszpan (23 October 2013); AMERICAN GREED: THE FUGITIVES – The new muggers: People who committed shocking cybercrimes. CNBC.
Veronica Linares (3 June 2014); Paris Hilton hacker faces new charges after breaking into community college's network. United Press International.
Adam Greenberg (3 June 2014); FBI charges Massachusetts man with computer hacking, payment card theft. SC Magazine.
Curt Brown (3 June 2014); New Bedford student charged with computer hacking, changing grades at BCC. The Standard-Times (New Bedford). Retrieved 15 August 2023.
John Hawes (26 June 2014); Serial hacker Cameron Lacroix gets four year jail term after taking plea bargain. Naked Security, Sophos.
Dan Goodin (3 July 2014); Feds unmask mystery hacker who “hamburgled” Burger King Twitter account. Ars Technica.
Kevin Collier (4 July 2014); Feds finally press charges against great Burger King Twitter hacker of 2013. Daily Dot.
Shea Bennett (8 July 2014); Twitter @BurgerKing Hacker Given Four Year Jail Term. adweek.
Milton J. Valencia (28 October 2014); Apologetic New Bedford hacker gets 4-year jail sentence. The Boston Globe.
Associated Press (28 October 2014); New Bedford hacker gets 4 years in prison. The Providence Journal.
Tom Winter; Jeff Rossen; Jovanna Billington (4 November 2014); Ex-teen hacker tells Paris Hilton he's sorry. NBC News. Archived from the original on 4 November 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
David Kushner (23 November 2015); The Hacking of Hollywood. Wired.
USAO, Massachusetts (13 September 2019); Recidivist Hacker Sentenced for Violating Supervised Release Conditions. US Department of Justice; U.S. Attorney’s Office, District of Mas |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MotorStorm%3A%20Arctic%20Edge | MotorStorm: Arctic Edge is the third game in the MotorStorm series of video games, developed by Bigbig Studios and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation Portable and PlayStation 2, which was released in 2009.
Gameplay
The game once again moves away from the desert environments of the original title and the lush island environment of the sequel and relocates itself to the harsh Arctic climate of Alaska on the edge of the Arctic Circle. Gameplay is similar to that of previous titles in the series such as Nitrous Boosts, environmental hazards and destructible environments. Vehicles have the ability to cool down the boost by driving through deep snow or under waterfalls, the same technique used for driving through the water in MotorStorm: Pacific Rift. Unlike the previous titles in the series, the game only features a maximum of ten racers in each race.
New hazards include avalanches, which can be triggered by vehicle explosion or blowing the vehicle's horn, which causes a large amount of snow to rumble down the track and will strike away opponents, including the player, no matter the vehicles' strengths. Icy bridges can also be dangerous for heavy vehicles. While small vehicles can get over ice bridges, heavier vehicles can cause them to disintegrate and break, making the short-cut impossible to cross.
There are differences between PlayStation Portable and PlayStation 2 edition of the game in order to make use of each systems specific capabilities. The PlayStation Portable version features a Photo Mode, custom soundtracks and online play which features 6-player online multiplayer. On the other hand, the PlayStation 2 version features a split-screen multiplayer mode like the one present in the previous game, MotorStorm: Pacific Rift. The Time Attack game mode features an online leaderboard listing lap times set in the PlayStation Portable version of the game due to the PlayStation 2 version's lack of online functionality, though the mode itself is available for both consoles.
Game modes
As with the previous MotorStorm title, the core game mode of MotorStorm: Arctic Edge is the Festival, where the player participates in over 100 events spanning across 8 tiers. These events include various race series called "Invitational".
The other gameplay mode of the game is known as the Wreckreation Mode, which consists of various game modes, such as:
Free Play, is the classic racing mode in most racing games where players select a race type, a track, and so on, followed by vehicle selection.
Time-Attack, is where players are timed as to how long they take to navigate through the curves and turns one lap at the time. Once the lap time is set, the ghost of the best recorded time by the player will appear on the course, though the player can instead opt to race against the ghost representing the time set by the developers.
Vehicles
MotorStorm: Arctic Edge features a total of 24 vehicles from 8 vehicle classes, most of which are specia |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music%20Mogul | MusicMogul.com was an online music world targeting aspiring musicians. They hoped to combine the popularity of social-networking sites, music television shows like "American Idol" and online multiplayer games.
History
Founded in 2008, Music Mogul was the product of a collaboration between professionals from the gaming and music industries: CEO Nicholas Longano, a video game industry veteran; Chief Creative Officer & Music Supervisor Rodney Jerkins, a Grammy – winning music producer; Chief Talent Operations Ray Brown, formerly with Ribeiro & Brown Management, Nu Life Entertainment and Southern Boy Entertainment.
Music Mogul Features
Competition
Registered users uploaded videos or linked YouTube videos to their profile. These videos were auditions for the Music Mogul Competition. Other users can vote on each video a maximum of one time on a scale of 1 to 10. Musicians are rated both on their points and their average rating.
Performers were to be selected by their online peers and an industry panel of judges to win a three-song demo deal with Rodney Jerkins’ Darkchild Productions.
One live competition was hosted in Los Angeles in August 2009, and was won by Nashville-based singer/songwriter Suzi Oravec.
The site appears to be defunct as of 2010.
References
American music websites
Defunct social networking services |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic%20News%20Agency | The Catholic News Agency (CNA) is a news service owned by Eternal Word Television Network (EWTN) that provides news related to the Catholic Church to a global anglophone audience. Founded in 2004 as the English section of the worldwide ACI Group, which publishes the Spanish-language news service , it is headquartered in Denver, Colorado, United States. It was acquired by EWTN in 2014.
As of January 2023, CNA's executive director is Jeanette De Melo, the longtime editor-in-chief of the National Catholic Register, which is also owned by EWTN. De Melo currently serves as executive director of both the Register and CNA.
In 2011, CNA said its editors' would provide free news, features, commentary, and photojournalism to editors of newspapers.
CNA was led by editor-in-chief J.D. Flynn from Aug. 1, 2017 until Dec. 31, 2020, when he departed with Washington bureau chief Ed Condon to form The Pillar.
See also
Catholic World News
References
External links
2004 establishments in the United States
News agencies based in the United States
Conservative media in the United States |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazelle%20%28web%20browser%29 | Gazelle was a research web browser project by Microsoft Research, first announced in early 2009. The central notion of the project was to apply operating system (OS) principles to browser construction. In particular, the browser had a secure kernel, modeled after an OS kernel, and various web sources run as separate "principals" above that, similar to user space processes in an OS. The goal of doing this was to prevent bad code from one web source to affect the rendering or processing of code from other web sources. Browser plugins are also managed as principals.
Gazelle had a predecessor project, MashupOS, but with Gazelle the emphasis was on a more secure browser.
By the July 2009 announcement of ChromeOS, Gazelle was seen as a possible alternative Microsoft architectural approach compared to Google's direction. That is, rather than the OS being reduced in role to that of a browser, the browser would be strengthened using OS principles.
The Gazelle project became dormant, and ServiceOS arose as a replacement project also related to browser architectures. But by 2015, the SecureOS project was also dormant, after Microsoft decided that its new flagship browser would be Edge.
References
Discontinued web browsers
Microsoft Research |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifouta | Lifouta is a town in southeastern Gabon.
Transport
It is served by a station on the national railway network.
See also
Railway stations in Gabon
References
Populated places in Ogooué-Lolo Province |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan%20L.%20Davis | Alan "Al" Lynn Davis is an American computer scientist and researcher, a professor of computer science at the University of Utah, and served as the associate director of the University of Utah School of Computing.
Davis was raised in Salt Lake City, Utah. He received a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering at MIT in 1969, and a Ph.D. in computer science under Bob Barton at Utah in 1972.
With Bob Barton, in cooperation between Burroughs Corporation and Utah, Davis built the first operational dataflow or "data driven" computing machine, the DDM-1, between 1972 and 1976.
In the early 1980s, Davis left his tenured professor position at Utah to work for Schlumberger Palo Alto Research, where he headed the computer architecture group and developed the "FAIM-1" architecture. In 1988 he joined Hewlett-Packard labs in Palo Alto, where with Ken Stevens and Bill Coates he developed the "post office" switching architecture, a widely cited project.
He returned to the University of Utah School of Computing where he served as director of graduate studies in 2001
and as associate director since 2003,
and has continued to do research with companies such as Intel
and Hewlett-Packard.
Davis is mainly known for his work in computer architecture and asynchronous circuits, including influential work on arbiters. He has numerous technical publications and has supervised numerous Ph.D. dissertations.
References
External links
Al Davis home page
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
MIT School of Engineering alumni
University of Utah alumni
University of Utah faculty |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entrepreneurs%20for%20Sustainability | Entrepreneurs for Sustainability, abbreviated as E4S, is a business network in the Greater Cleveland area oriented towards sustainability and entrepreneurship. The organization was founded in 2000 by Holly Harlan, owner of a business consulting firm in Cleveland Heights, with the goal of encouraging economic development and startup businesses oriented towards positive change and addressing environmental issues. Meetings are hosted by Great Lakes Brewing Company. The organization is growing, with 5800 members in 2008.
Sustainability-oriented startup companies associated with the group include BioDiesel Cleveland, Sustainable Solutions, a green building consultant firm, and Good Nature, a sustainability-focused lawn care service. Non-profit organizations associated with the group include EcoCity Cleveland (which has merged into the Cleveland Museum of Natural History as the GreenCityBlueLake Institute), Green Energy Ohio, and the Cleveland Green Building Coalition.
The organization awards a "Champions of Sustainability" award to regional leaders who have implemented principles of sustainability.
Services and programs
In addition to their regular monthly meetings, Entrepreneurs for Sustainability provides a number of services to its members. One such program is called the Sustainability Implementation Group, which is oriented towards small and medium businesses, and gets companies to visit each other's facilities and learn about new technologies, with one goal being the formation of new revenue streams associated with sustainability. The group also received grant money in 2004 from the state of Ohio to hold workshops on energy efficiency in counties throughout northeast Ohio. In 2006, the organization received $20,000 from the Burton D. Morgan Foundation to build and strengthen its programs.
References
External links
E4S Homepage
Green City Blue Lake - A sustainability-oriented event calendar for Northeast Ohio.
Sustainability organizations
Environmental organizations based in Ohio
Economy of Cleveland
Organizations based in Cleveland
Environmental organizations established in 2000 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San%20Francisco%20County%20Transportation%20Authority | The San Francisco County Transportation Authority (SFCTA) is a state chartered sub-regional transportation planning and programming agency for San Francisco County. SFCTA is a separate legal entity from the San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency, the Metropolitan Transportation Commission, and other transportation agencies in the San Francisco area, with its own administrative structure, policies, staff, budget, and with separate borrowing capacity. The Authority Board consists of the eleven members of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors (ex officio).
The Authority was originally created to administer the proceeds of San Francisco's first local sales tax for transportation, which began in 1990 and was passed by voters in 1989 as Proposition B. Since then, the agency has taken additional responsibilities mandated by state law. Beginning in 2004, SFCTA became the administrator of the Proposition K sales tax for transportation approved in November 2003, which substituted the original 1989 tax. The 2003 Proposition K is a half cent local transportation sales tax program.
Since 1990, the Authority has also been the designated Congestion Management Agency (CMA) for San Francisco, and has also served as the San Francisco Program Manager for grants from the Transportation Fund for Clean Air (TFCA). In the role of CMA, the agency has been responsible for developing and administering the Congestion Management Program (CMP). As part of its responsibilities, the Authority leverages state and federal transportation funds and grants to complement the revenues collected from the tax for transportation. The Authority also monitors transportation system performance to ensure that San Francisco gets a good economic return from its transportation investments. SFCTA also prepares a long-term Countywide Transportation Plan to guide future investment decisions. As program manager for the TCFA, the Authority approves funding for transportation projects that directly benefit air quality by reducing motor vehicle emissions.
Since 2013, the executive director of the SFCTA is Tilly Chang, who was previously the deputy director. Previous executive directors include José Luis Moscovich, Andrew Nash, Carmen Clark and Brigid Hynes-Cherin.
References
External links
San Francisco County Transportation Authority Home page
Government of San Francisco
Transportation in San Francisco
1990 establishments in California |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian%20Integrated%20Forecast%20System | The Australian Integrated Forecast System (AIFS) is a UNIX and Linux -based processing, display, analysis and communications system for meteorological data.
It incorporates facilities for the ingest and storage of meteorological and hydrological observations, which can be displayed, analysed and manipulated on screen. Tools are also provided for alerting, chart plotting and the preparation and dissemination of forecasts and warnings to the public.
AIFS is currently running on AIX, HP-UX and Linux platforms in Australia, Fiji, Indonesia and Malaysia.
Development began in 1991 as a replacement for the Automated Regional Operations System (AROS), built on Tandem NonStop architecture.
References
Meteorological instrumentation and equipment |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel%20A.%20Keim | Daniel A. Keim is a German computer scientist and full professor (Chair of Information Processing) in the Computer Science department at the University of Konstanz, Germany. He received his Ph.D. in computer science from the University of Munich in 1994. He has been assistant professor in the Computer Science department at the University of Munich, and associate professor in the Computer Science department of the Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg. Keim has also worked as a senior researcher at AT&T's Shannon Research Labs, Florham Park, NJ, USA.
Keim has published extensively on topics specifically related to information visualization and data mining, and has given tutorials on related issues at several large conferences. He is an editor of TKDE and the Information Visualization Journal.
Publications
See Publications at Google Scholar.
External links
Homepage at Uni-Konstanz.de.
Living people
Information visualization experts
Year of birth missing (living people)
German computer scientists
Academic staff of the University of Konstanz |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wizen | Wizen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Boris Wizen, a character in the game Suikoden II
Effi Wizen (born 1956), Israeli computer animator and visual effects specialist
Ridley Wizen, a character in the game Suikoden II |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoo.gr | Zoo.gr is a social networking and online games website, which is placed among the top 10 most visited sites in Greece (among people who have the Alexa toolbar installed on their browser), and is the largest Greek social networking site. The company was founded in 2004. In December 2008, Zoo claimed to have recorded a total number of 900.000 unique visitors.
Features
Zoo.gr has a desktop layout, i.e. users can use desktop icons and windows, similar to their desktop in Microsoft windows. They can also create an online profile (in which they can add photos and videos) and add other users to their friends list so that they can stay connected online.
While users are online, they can use an in-site application to exchange mails with each other, join the chat, read news through FanClubs, an internal site application which reproduced news items from various websites, or play games, either single-player or multiplayer. All games are programmed in flash and include very simple and common games like chess, crosswords, backgammon, pool table, poker, blackjack etc.
Zoo Coins
Zoo.gr has a kind of “currency” inside of it, which allows users to buy services such as more profile search options, profile picture in “Person of the Week” and game tournaments bet with other users.
See also
Ark Nova
References
External links
Zoo - Official Website
Greek social networking websites
Browser-based game websites |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social%20Science%20Open%20Access%20Repository | The Social Science Open Access Repository (SSOAR) is a database specialising in scholarly articles from the social sciences which is freely accessible on the Internet.
SSOAR is a full-text server, and Internet users can access full-text versions of documents free of charge and without prior registration. The repository follows the so-called "Green Road", a strategy for the implementation of Open Access whereby preprints or postprints of scholarly contributions are archived in an openly accessible repository in addition to being published in toll-access journals etc.
Because the project is coordinated by an editorial team and is supported by an advisory board made up of members of scholarly societies, the quality of the contributions is assured.
Moreover, SSOAR offers authors the opportunity to self-archive their texts, to make them freely accessible and, by so doing, to increase the visibility and reach of their work. The project is funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG).
External links
German digital libraries
Open-access archives
Discipline-oriented digital libraries
Full-text scholarly online databases |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XBRL%20GL | The XBRL Global Ledger Taxonomy Framework (XBRL GL) is a holistic and generic XML and XBRL-based representation of the detailed data that can be found in accounting and operational systems, and is meant to be the bridge from transactional standards to reporting standards, integrating the Business Reporting Supply Chain.
XBRL GL is developed by the XBRL GL Working Group of XBRL International.
XBRL GL can be used by Computer programs for information interchange of accounting General ledger balances (summarized information) as well as complete accounting ledgers (payables, receivables, inventory, payroll, order entry, purchasing, banking) supporting object oriented accounting, quantity accounting and transparency support. The instance documents (XML files) can also be viewed in Web browsers using XSL or programmatically; it can also be carried in Inline XBRL. XBRL is designed to standardize the data, processes and rules of Business Reporting as a whole, although most implementations focus on financial reporting. XBRL GL can support the detail and integrate to all manners of reporting, financial, tax, sustainability, statistics and otherwise, and carry both quantitative and qualitative information.
Relation to UN/CEFACT accounting and SIE
There are a number of other efforts that seek to standardize parts or all of the data in an ERP system, although most focus on the general ledger. Amongst the competing/complementary efforts in the space are UN/CEFACT, OECD Standard Audit File and SIE (file format) accounting interchange file formats.
XBRL GL is an XML focused format. UN/CEFACT is UML (Unified Modeling Language)-based, with standard naming and design rules to convert it to an XML file format. In Sweden the elder (1992) domestically SIE (file format) is a tagged text file format. The XML technology is much better suited to work with modern HTML and WEB-based technology and tools. The XML files are in the range 20-50 times larger than SIE files on the hard disk.
Due to the needs of the tax community in many countries, the Standard Audit File is generic, but an example of a proprietary XML format is provided.
The XML format abilities (such as validation capabilities) and the huge activities around XBRL and UN/CEFACT have created a huge potential and expectations of modern accounting technologies. XBRL GL is certainly formed from its origins, the audit and financial reporting societies in the USA and globally. UN/CEFACT is working on trade administration theme and accounting is the terminal point of trade administration and its file format is designed from a trade administration point of view. The Standard SIE is designed from a local Swedish vendor society’s own market interests.
All three file formats are however transparent and independent of any charts of accounts and tax regulations.
Accounting information interchange issues - The accounting file standard stand-off
Is a common international accounting file format possible?
There has been |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s%20Health%20Movement | People's Health Movement (PHM) is a global network of grassroots health activists, civil society organizations and academic institutions particularly from developing countries. PHM currently has bases in more than 70 countries that include both individuals and well-established circles with their own governance structures. It has chapters in South Asia (India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka), Africa (South Africa), Pacific (Australia), South America (Brazil, Ecuador), Central America (El Salvador, Nicaragua, Guatemala), North America (USA, Canada), Europe (Italy, Switzerland, UK, Greece) and several other countries. PHM works towards the revitalisation of Primary Health Care (PHC), as described in the Alma-Ata Declaration of 1978.
Vision of PHM:
"Equity, ecologically-sustainable development and peace are at the heart of our vision of a better world - a world in which a healthy life for all is a reality; a world that respects, appreciates and celebrates all life and diversity; a world that enables the flowering of people's talents and abilities to enrich each other; a world in which people's voices guide the decisions that shape our lives...."
History
At the Alma-Ata Conference in 1978, health ministers from 134 countries, in association with the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF, set a goal of achieving "Health for All by the Year 2000" and identified primary health care as the mean to achieve it. However, in response to continued and deepened health inequalities, on 8 December 2000, 1453 delegates from 92 countries met at Savar, Bangladesh for the First People's Health Assembly which led to the founding of the People's Health Movement and the drafting of the People's Charter for Health<ref>Zafrullah Chowdhury and Michael Rowson (2000) The People's Health Assembly: Revitalising the promise of "Health for All. British Medical Journal321;1361-1362. PDF</ref>
People's Charter for Health
The People's Charter for Health echos many of the principles of the Alma Ata Declaration by recognizing health as "..a social, economic and political issue and above all a fundamental human right". It names "inequality, poverty, exploitation, violence and injustice" as the main drivers of ill-health and calls for "Health for ALL NOW" through the involvement of people's organizations in health decision making. PHM attributes the inequity in health care to the laissez faire economic practices globally and seeks to counter these practices and challenge health policy makers around the world with a Peoples Health Campaign for Health for All-Now!
Social Determinants of HealthSee Also'': Social determinants of health and Social determinants of health in poverty
PHM also works to address the Social determinants of health, including in particular, the growing inequity within and between nations attributed by them to unfair economic structures which lock people into poverty and poor health. PHM helped to put the Social Determinants of Health on the global agenda through |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptation%20%28computer%20science%29 | The term “adaptation” in computer science refers to a process where an interactive system (adaptive system) adapts its behaviour to individual users based on information acquired about its user(s) and its environment. Adaptation is one of the three pillars of empiricism in Scrum.
The need for adaptation
A software system passes through a potentially long software engineering cycle and before delivery, requirement engineers, designers and software developers realize the components of the system. However, it is impossible to anticipate the requirements of all users, and a single best or optimal system configuration is impossible. The active involvement of users and clear understanding of user and task requirements is a challenge in the development of computer-based interactive systems for two reasons:
The potential user groups may not be known at the start of the project, and would need to be identified according to future scenarios of how the software system will be used. These groups need to be revised as the system design evolves because there may be various groups of potentially affected users.
The design of the project may include substantial changes compared to the users’ current experience of a system; therefore, users may not be confident and precise about their needs concerning this future system.
With their norm for "Human-centred design processes for interactive systems" the International Organization for Standardization gives guidance on user-centered design activities throughout the life cycle of computer-based interactive systems. One of the core tasks of user-centred design is to negotiate and facilitate the communication across the well-known user-developer gap while acknowledging the different forms of expression and different requirements on each side. However, despite the implementation of a human-centred design process, some types of modern applications require instant adaptation due to their exposure to increasing situational dynamics.
Adaptivity and adaptability
Even if the user-centred design process implemented in a project guarantees a certain degree of user acceptance and yields a richer understanding of the context of use, the completed product's ability to adapt to changing conditions still plays a central role for a broad acceptance. The operational environment will change, the tasks will be distinct, the end-users will be heterogeneous, and their competences and expectations will evolve. Here again it is impossible for developers to anticipate all possible requirements modifications. Thus, the dynamics of changing conditions shifts the customisation process of the system's characteristics from the development phase to its usage and operation phase because the time needed for a professional development is too short or the new features are too costly.
For this reason, developers implement techniques of adaptation into the system in order to react to changing conditions as fast as possible. The example application |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Family%20Channel%20%28American%20TV%20network%2C%20founded%202008%29 | The Family Channel is an American general entertainment television network owned by Get After It Media (formerly Luken Communications and Reach High Media Group), and based in Chattanooga, Tennessee.
History
In September 2008, ValCom announced that they would purchase the assets of Faith TV, relaunching it as a more broadly-distributed family television network. On December 15, 2008, ValCom deal to purchase Faith TV closed and they relaunched Faith TV as My Family TV. On October 1, 2009, ValCom completed the purchase of the network after making its final $250,000 payment. The network had no connections with the similarly-named MyNetworkTV programming service, owned by Fox Television Stations.
On March 22, 2011, ValCom announced that My Family TV would become a joint venture with Luken Communications. Many of the programs seen on My Family TV, such as Route 66, Lassie, Highway to Heaven and Daniel Boone also aired on sister network RTV.
In December 2013, Luken Communications rebranded MyFamilyTV as The Family Channel. "The Family Channel" name was formerly used by the cable channel owned by Christian Broadcasting Network that became Freeform in January 2016; outside of some shared public domain programming once aired in the CBN/Family Channel era of Freeform, the two networks have no relation to each other.
Affiliates
References
External links
Television networks in the United States
Companies based in Chattanooga, Tennessee
Christian television networks
Religious television stations in the United States
Television channels and stations established in 2008
2008 establishments in Tennessee
American companies established in 2008 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snd%20%28band%29 | snd are Mark Fell and Mat Steel, a pair of Sheffield DJs and musicians whose work has been described as glitch. Naming their project after the extension often used for computer sound files, Fell and Steel are both computer programmers. During 1998-99, they debuted with the "Tplay" single and Newtables EP on their own .snd label. In July 1999, Mille Plateaux released the debut album, Makesnd Cassette, with Stdiosnd Types following one year later. Their most recent album, Atavism, was released in 2009 by Raster-Noton. In 2014, snd self published an extended and remastered version of their debut release Tplay.
Discography
Albums
Tplay (Snd, 1998)
Makesnd Cassette (Mille Plateaux, 1999)
Newtables (Snd, 1999)
Travelog (Snd, 1999)
Stdiosnd Types (Mille Plateaux, 2000) (referred to as Stdio on the front cover)
Tender Love (Mille Plateaux, 2002)
Atavism (Raster-Noton, 2009)
Singles and EPs
"Systems Medley" / "Planets" (City Centre Offices, 2000)
"Untitled" (Qoob, 2007)
"4,5,6" (Snd, 2008)
"Vandyk-k Integ Paradise" (DS93, 2010)
"15/16" (Pan, 2012) (Split with NHK)
References
External links
SND website
Discogs: SND
Mark Fell website
Mark Fell interview (08/2007)
British electronic music groups
Musicians from Sheffield
Musical groups established in 1998 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latvijas%20Radio | Latvijas Radio (shortened LR; literally "Latvia's Radio") is Latvia's national public-service radio broadcasting network. It began broadcasting on 1 November 1925, and has its headquarters in the Latvian capital, Riga. Latvijas Radio broadcasts six different channels in the FM band as well as via the internet: Latvijas Radio 1, Latvijas Radio 2, Latvijas Radio 3 – Klasika, Latvijas Radio 4 – Doma laukums, Latvijas Radio 5 – Pieci.lv, and Latvijas Radio 6 – Radio NABA.
History
Latvijas Radio is a national cultural institution, fostering radio drama, and organizing a radio choir as well as children's vocal groups. The organization's phonographic archives contain approximately 200,000 sound recordings. Latvijas Radio became a member of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) on 1 January 1993. From the restoration of Latvia's independence in 1991 to 31 December 1992, it was a member of the International Radio and Television Organisation (OIRT).
Since 2013, it has collaborated with Latvijas Televīzija (Latvian Television) as part of the Public Broadcasting of Latvia news platform and online streaming service. The broadcaster has been fully funded by the state budget since 1 January 2021, when, after years of debate, it and television broadcaster Latvijas Televīzija exited the advertising market.
Latvijas Radio (as Radio Riga) also broadcast programming in Swedish from 1960 to 1995.
Radio stations
Latvijas Radio 1 (LR1)
LR1 is Latvia's main national radio station, presenting news, talk, current affairs programmes and analysis of economics, Latvian politics and culture, as well as programmes for children. The station's first broadcast was made on 1 November 1925.
Slogan: Latvijas radio 1 – vienmēr pirmais ("Always first").
Latvijas Radio 2 (LR2)
LR2, originally conceived as a youth station, today specializes in the broadcasting of Latvian-language pop and country music.
Slogan: Dziesmas dzimtajā valodā ("Songs in our native language").
Latvijas Radio 3 – Klasika (LR3)
LR3 is the only station in Latvia broadcasting classical music and jazz. Latvijas Radio's membership of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) means that the station's output includes relays of international concerts and other live broadcasts.
Slogan: Mode mainās – klasika paliek ("Fashions change – the classics remain").
Latvijas Radio 4 – Doma laukums (LR4)
LR4 broadcasts in minority languages, chiefly in Russian language, with programmes serving Latvia's Russian-speaking community.
Slogan: Jūsu telpa, jūsu laiks, Ваше пространство и ваше время ("Your space, your time").
Latvijas Radio 5 – Pieci.lv (LR5)
LR5 is Latvijas Radio's newest station, playing youth-oriented music from Latvia and other countries. “Pieci” in Latvian means “Five” and “Pieci.lv” could be translated as “Five.lv”
Latvijas Radio 6 – Radio NABA (LR6)
Free-format radio produced in association with the University of Latvia. At first, Radio NABA was a radio station produced by University of Latvia with help f |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jetadmin | Jetadmin was a computer program produced by Hewlett-Packard for administration of network printers. It ran on the following operating systems:
Windows 3.x, 95, 98, NT, and 2000
HP-UX 9.x and lower, 10.x, 11.x
Solaris 2.4 and lower, 2.5, 2.5.1, 2.6
SunOS
OS/2
DOS
Hewlett-Packard declared HP Jetadmin obsolete as of 31 Jan 2002. It has been replaced with HP Web Jetadmin.
References
Computer printing |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubble%20chart | A bubble chart is a type of chart that displays three dimensions of data. Each entity with its triplet (v1, v2, v3) of associated data is plotted as a disk that expresses two of the vi values through the disk's xy location and the third through its size. Bubble charts can facilitate the understanding of social, economical, medical, and other scientific relationships.
Bubble charts can be considered a variation of the scatter plot, in which the data points are replaced with bubbles. As the documentation for Microsoft Office explains, "You can use a bubble chart instead of a scatter chart if your data has three data series that each contain a set of values. The sizes of the bubbles are determined by the values in the third data series.".
Choosing bubble sizes correctly
Using bubbles to represent scalar (one-dimensional) values can be misleading. The human visual system most naturally experiences a disk's size in terms of its diameter, rather than area. This is why most charting software requests the radius or diameter of the bubble as the third data value (after horizontal and vertical axis data). Scaling the size of bubbles based on area can be misleading [ibid].
This scaling issue can lead to extreme misinterpretations, especially where the range of the data has a large spread. And because many people are unfamiliar with—or do not stop to consider—the issue and its impact on perception, those who are aware of it often have to hesitate in interpreting a bubble chart because they cannot assume that the scaling correction was indeed made. It is therefore important that bubble charts not only be scaled correctly, but also be clearly labeled to document that it is area, rather than radius or diameter, that conveys the data.
Judgments based on bubble sizes can be problematic regardless of whether area or diameter is used. For example, bubble charts can lead to misinterpretations such as the weighted average illusion, where the sizes of bubbles are taken into account when estimating the mean x- and y-values of the scatterplot. It is important to remember that the range of bubble sizes used is often arbitrary. For example, the maximum bubble size is often set to some fraction of the total width of the chart, and therefore will not equal the true measurement value.
Displaying zero or negative data values in bubble charts
The metaphoric representation of data values as disk areas cannot be extended for displaying values that are negative or zero.
As a fallback, some users of bubble charts resort to graphic symbology to express nonpositive data values. As an example, a negative value can be represented by a disk of area in which is centered some chosen symbol like "×" to indicate that the size of the bubble represents the absolute value of a negative data value. And this approach can be reasonably effective in situations where data values' magnitudes (absolute values) are themselves somewhat important—in other words, where values of and are simila |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neighbors%20from%20Hell | Neighbors from Hell is a short-lived American adult animated sitcom that ran on TBS from June 7 and ended on July 26, 2010; the first episode also aired on TBS's sister network Adult Swim on June 13 as a "sneak preview". The executive producer of the series is Pam Brady. The series' first and only season consisted of ten episodes.
It is produced by 20th Century Fox Television, Bento Box Entertainment and MoonBoy Animation, a division of DreamWorks Animation as its second and last adult animated series after Father of the Pride, The majority of the animation is produced by Bardel Entertainment in Vancouver, with retake animation work handled mostly in-house at Bento Box.
Plot
A family of demons from Hell called the Hellmans are sent by Satan to Houston, Texas on a mission to destroy a drill that can dig to the Earth's core where Satan fears that the humans will invade Hell if the drill reaches it. The Hellmans face a culture shock trying to fit in with humans. They also realize that the humans can be as bad as the demons, and that Earth is almost no different from hell.
Characters
Main
Balthazor Hellman (voiced by Will Sasso) – The family's patriarch. He is a bit naive but is a very kind-hearted demon. He has a vast knowledge of human behavior from watching much human television in Hell. He almost faced punishment from Satan because of that. He is constantly trying to either get promoted or demoted at work in order to get closer to the drill, the target of which he was sent to destroy. Balthazor is shown to have an evil side too, as he almost drowned Tina's father Zebulon when he insulted his father and tried to get him fired. He appears self-conscious about being overweight as he gets offended when others make fun of it. Despite being a demon, he is overall a nice guy where he cares for his friends, such as when he covered for his friend Chevdet after getting him drunk despite it preventing him from destroying the drill, and deeply loves his family, usually ending each episode having a group hug with his family as well as state "I love you all". He has the power to breathe fire out of all his cavities such as his mouth, nostrils and once farted fire.
Tina Hellman (voiced by Molly Shannon) – Balthazor's physically attractive and strong-willed wife and mother of Josh and Mandy. She has a short temper, is a bad driver, stubborn streak and is very protective over her family. She is an alcoholic and has an obsession with gossip as she is constantly seen with an alcoholic beverage in one hand and a gossip magazine in the other. Tina is bitter about her abrupt transition from a hardworking employee to an average housewife. She and Balthazor have a passionate and sexually charged marriage.
Pazuzu (voiced by Patton Oswalt) – The family's helpful goblin dog that pretends to be a regular dog while on Earth. He is shown to have the ability to freeze and unfreeze time in specific situations. He is deeply fond of many pop-culture sensations which expl |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MTV%20%28Lithuanian%20%26%20Latvian%20TV%20channel%29 | MTV Lithuania & Latvia was a twenty-four-hour music and entertainment channel operated by MTV Networks Europe. The channel was originally formed in September 2006 at Lithuania, at January 2009 it got re-formed to double channel including both Lithuania and Latvia and targeted audiences in Lithuania and Latvia.
History
In 2006, MTV Networks Europe established MTV Networks Baltic a new broadcasting service which provided localized channels for Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia. MTV Networks Baltic launched three separate channels within the region in September, 2006. Initially, MTV Networks Baltic comprised MTV Latvia, MTV Lithuania and MTV Estonia. But due to financial difficulties with the region heightened by the global economic downturn, MTV Networks International merged MTV Latvia and MTV Lithuania to form MTV Lithuania and Latvia in January 2009.
MTV Estonia remained as stand alone channel.
The first video to air on MTV in the Baltic region was Justice vs. Simian – "We Are Your Friends".
In 2008, MTV Networks International signed a new licensing agreement with Israeli Communications company Ananey Communications to continue to operate and manage the MTV brand within the Baltic Region.
The channel ceased broadcasting on 19 November 2009.
As of 19 November 2009 MTV Europe has replaced MTV Baltic channels.
Lithuania receives MTV Europe and other Viacom international channels, distributed by "Starworks LT".
Channel
The channel combined local and international music, as well as MTV's trademark shows such as Pimp My Ride, Celebrity Deathmatch and Wildboyz which were shown with subtitles in Lithuanian. The network also aired local programmes as European Top 20, Baltic Top 20, Dance Floor Chart, MTV Oops and MTV Supermercado. Prior to closing, it had launched a reality show live from the MTV Lietuva headquarters, the humour show Baltish and Pimp My Ride Baltic were created by MTV Lietuva. Lithuanian MTV VJs are VJ Ugnė, VJ Jonas and twins VJ Artūras and VJ Robertas.
Local shows
MTV News
Baltic Top 20
Dance Floor Chart
MTV's Most Wanted
Sandra
Wishlist
Show Wishlist
Top 10 @ 10
Making the Video
MTV Special
This Is The New S***
Baltic Top 100 (seasonal)
World Chart Express
UK Top 10
Rock Chart
Hitlist Base Chart
Former local shows
Baltish
Ežio stažas
MTV Oops
Pimp My Ride Baltic
MTV Supermercado
MTV Rainbow
Celebrities chart
MTV B-Day
MTV News. 7 days
Music Download Chart Top 10
Pan-European shows
Euro Top 20
MTV Push
MTV World Stage
MTV at the Movies
MTV Live Sessions
MTV EMA (seasonal)
EMA Spotlight (seasonal)
Shows imported from MTV Networks US
The Real World
True Life
Made
MTV Cribs
MTV Essentials
Brooke Knows Best
MTV's Busted
My Super Sweet 16
The City
Boiling Points
A Double Shot at Love
Wildboyz
Dirty Sanchez
Dismissed
Beavis & Butthead
Room Raiders
Parental Control
Run's House
Viva La Bam
MTV Movie Awards (seasonal)
MTV VMA (seasonal)
Other shows
Chillout Zone
MTV Beat
MTV Amour
MT |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local%20roads%20in%20Ireland | A local road () in the Republic of Ireland is a public road not classified as a national primary road, national secondary road, or regional road but nevertheless forming a link in the national network of roads. Local roads are numbered with four- or five-digit route numbers, prefixed by "L" (for example, L3005 or L97476).
History
Until 1977, roads in the Republic of Ireland were designated with one of two prefixes: "T" for trunk roads and "L" for link roads. Older signs showing the former trunk and link road designations may still be seen in some locations. The L- prefix for "link road" on these signs does not stand for "local road".
The Local Government (Roads and Motorways) Act, 1974 authorised the designation of roads as national roads: in 1977, 25 national primary roads (N1–N25) and 33 national secondary roads (N51–N83) were initially designated under Statutory Instrument S.I. No. 164/1977.
Many of the remaining classified roads became regional roads (formally authorised under the Roads Act 1993, route numbers having been present on road signs on a non-statutory basis for some years previously) and their routes were designated under a Statutory Instrument in 1994.
All other public roads, except motorways, became local roads under the 1993 Act which states that "a public road, other than a national road or a regional road, shall be a local road".
Local roads vary greatly in quality, from wide urban streets to very narrow, rural lanes, known as boreens in Ireland. There are three types of local roads: local primary (local roads wider than four metres), local secondary (local roads narrower than four metres) and local tertiary (cul-de-sacs and other minor roads). Local roads are subject to a general speed limit of 80 kilometres per hour (km/h) or 50 km/h in built-up areas.
Local road numbering
The Roads Act 1993 gives local authorities the duty to "assign a number or other identifying mark to each local road in respect of which it has a responsibility". Local road numbers have been used for administrative purposes since the Act came into effect, but local road numbers did not generally appear on directional signposts until the late 2000s. Most road maps do not show local road numbers, although some are marked on OpenStreetMap.
Local roads are classified by the road authority for the area as local primary, local secondary or local tertiary roads. The local primary roads are numbered from L1000 - L4999. Local secondary roads are numbered from L5000 - L8999. Local tertiary roads are numbered from L10001 - L89999, with the first four digits representing the local primary or secondary road to which it is connected. Local tertiary roads which are unrelated to a local primary or secondary road are numbered from L90000 upwards. Local roads are divided into segments of two to three kilometres maximum. For this reason, they serve a limited function as the applicable L road number generally ends at junctions with other local roads. The numbering |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilbur%20R.%20LePage | Wilbur Reed LePage was an American professor and department chair of electrical and computer engineering at Syracuse University. He was the author of numerous textbooks, including Complex Variables and the Laplace Transform for Engineers and Applied APL Programming. He was a noted authority on the APL programming language.
During World War II, he helped develop the proximity fuze, used to detonate explosives when they are close enough to damage their target.
In 1953, LePage testified before Senator Joseph McCarthy, denying having any Communist affiliations during his time at the Griffiss Air Force Base radar research center.
LePage graduated from Cornell University with a degree in electrical engineering in 1933, earned a master's from the University of Rochester, and returned to Cornell to earn a PhD in 1941. He was a member of the Quill and Dagger society. He also held membership in the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, Sigma Xi, Tau Beta Pi, Eta Kappa Nu, and Phi Kappa Phi.
References
Cornell University alumni
Syracuse University faculty
1996 deaths
University of Rochester alumni |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretty%20Bloody%3A%20The%20Women%20of%20Horror | Pretty Bloody: The Women of Horror is a television documentary film that premiered on the Canadian cable network Space on February 25, 2009.
The hour-long documentary examines the experiences, motivations and impact of the increasing number of women engaged in horror fiction, with producers Donna Davies and Kimberlee McTaggart of Canada's Sorcery Films interviewing actresses, film directors, writers, critics and academics. The documentary was filmed in Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and in Los Angeles, California and New York City, New York in the United States.
Interview subjects include
Cerina Vincent
Elza Kephart
Tanya Huff
Mary Lambert
Heidi Honeycutt (Etheria Film Night)
Maitland McDonagh
Debbie Rochon
Katt Shea
Brinke Stevens
Karen Walton
Jovanka Vuckovic
References
External links
Sorcery Films: Documentaries (official site)
Pretty-Scary.net
2009 television films
2009 films
Canadian documentary television films
English-language Canadian films
Documentary films about women in film
Documentary films about horror
Women in Ontario
Women in Los Angeles
Women in New York City
Documentary films about Hollywood, Los Angeles
2000s Canadian films |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Top%20TV%20Network | Top TV Network is brand of a network of 5 local television stations in East Indonesia. The name Top TV Papua is also former name of ; local television station based in Jayapura, Papua which launched on February 5, 2007.
Top TV Papua airs from 11 AM until 11 PM every day. Top TV Papua is led by Dr. M. Yohanis Koroh, as President Director. In 2014, Top TV Papua merged with Jaya TV Manokwari into Jaya TV Jayapura.
Television stations in Indonesia
Mass media in Jayapura |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenga%2C%20Mozambique | Tenga is a town in Mozambique, near Maputo.
Transport
It is served by a station on the national railway network.
Accident
In the Tenga rail disaster a runaway caused a large number of fatalities.
See also
Railway stations in Mozambique
References
Populated places in Cabo Delgado Province |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juniper%20T%20series | The Juniper T series is a line of core routers designed and manufactured by Juniper Networks. The T-series core router family comprises the T320, T640, T1600, T4000, TX Matrix, and TX Matrix Plus, designed for high-end and core networks with throughput from 320 Gbit/s to 25.6 Tbit/s with a maximum forwarding rate of 30.7 billion pps. The JCS1200, the industry’s only independent control plane scaling system, brings virtualization to the core of the network. The TX Matrix Plus provides transport scale up to 25 Tbit/s. The T-series routers run Junos OS.
In 2015 Juniper Networks announced the 2016 end-of-life for all T-series routers other than T4000. The other models in the series are superseded by the PTX-series core routers and MX-series edge routers, except for applications that require legacy protocols like SONET or ATM.
Models and platforms
The Juniper T-series routers which consists of T320, T640, T1600, T4000, TX Matrix and TX Matrix Plus has thousands of units deployed by the major telecom and ISP networks around the world.
T320
The T320 has a total throughput of 320G bit/s (bits per second, 160G bit/s full duplex), compared with the bigger version T640's 640G bit/s (320 Gbit/s full duplex). T320 Core Router is designed for use where rack space is at a premium and a wide range of interface speeds are needed. Each T320 router can support up to sixteen 10-Gbit/s ports (OC-192c/ STM-64 or 10-Gigabit Ethernet) while allowing lower speed connectivity down to channelized increments within the same chassis. Befitting its edge aggregation role, the T320 also can accommodate smaller interfaces. Those include ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) and SONet (Synchronous Optical Network) interfaces at OC-3 (155M bit/s) and OC-12 (622M bit/s), as well as Gigabit Ethernet. For those connections, carriers can reuse interfaces from the M series and install them in the T-series blades.
T640
The T640 supports up to 8 OC-768c/STM-256 ports, 32 10-Gbit/s ports (10-Gigabit Ethernet or OC-192/STM-64), 128 OC-48c/STM-16 ports, or 320 Gigabit Ethernet ports. It delivers up to 640 Gbit/s of capacity (320G bit/s full duplex) with the ability to forward up to 770 million packets per second (Mpps).
T1600
The T1600 delivers up to 1.6 Tbit/s of capacity (800 Gbit/s full-duplex, or 8 slots at 100 Gbit/s per slot) with the ability to forward up to 1.92 billion pps. The packet forwarding and switching complex of a T1600 supports 100 Gbit/s per slot. Current interface configurations include up to 16 OC-768c/STM-256 ports or 64 10-Gbit/s ports (10-Gigabit Ethernet or OC-192/STM-64).
T4000
The T4000 delivers 4Tbit/s switching capacity (1920 Gbit/s full-duplex) over the backplane in a half-shelf router with a per-slot capacity of 240Gbit/s, up from 100Gbit/s in the existing T1600 models and 50Gbit/s in T640 models. It is possible to upgrade these two existing models to the T4000 line
TX Matrix
Interconnects up to four T640 chassis into a single routing entity. It has 32 s |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrique%20Zuazua | Enrique Zuazua (Iriondo, second family name) is the Head of the Chair for Dynamics, Control, Machine Learning and Numerics - FAU DCN-AvH (Alexander von Humboldt Professorship) at the University of Erlangen–Nuremberg (FAU). He is also Distinguished Research Professor and the Director of the Chair of Computational Mathematics of DeustoTech Research Center of the University of Deusto in Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain and Professor of Applied Mathematics at Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM).
Biography
Born in Eibar (Gipuzkoa-Basque Country-Spain) in 1961, after finishing his primary education at Ikastola (Basque School) and secondary education at the Eibar La Salle School, he took his baccalaureate at this town's Universidad Laboral de Eibar. In 1984 he graduated in mathematics from the Universidad del País Vasco-Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV-EHU) before obtaining his PhD from this university in 1987, receiving the Faculty Award for Outstanding Achievements for both. In 1988 he got the PhD degree at the Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions of the Université Pierre et Marie Curie, funded by a doctoral fellowship of the Basque Government and a Research Grant from the Jacques Louis Lions Chair at the Collège de France.
University career
During the 1987–1988 academic year, he was associate professor at UPV-EHU, before becoming an associate professor in Mathematical Analysis at the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. In 1990, he won a Professorship in Applied Mathematics at the Universidad Complutense de Madrid where he was Head of the Applied Mathematics Section at the Faculty of Chemistry and of the Applied Mathematics Department. In 2001 got an Excellence Professorship in Applied Mathematics at Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.
From 2008 to 2012 he was the Founding Scientific Director Research of the BCAM - Basque Center for Applied Mathematics, in Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain, created by the Basque Government , with the aim of promoting research into the most computational, applied and multi-disciplinary aspects of Mathematics, where he led the team on "Partial Differential Equations, Numerics and Control" until September 2015 as a Distinguished Ikerbasque Professor of the Basque Foundation for Science Ikerbasque.
He has also acted as a member of the advisory board for the launching of the Institute for Mathematical Sciences (ICMAT) , a consortium comprising the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (Higher Council for Scientific Research, CSIC) and three Madrid Universities: the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M) and the Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM).
He has held Visiting Professorships at various overseas institutions, including the Courant Institute, the University of Minnesota and Rice University in the US, the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, the Isaac Newton Institute, Cambridge, and at various French Universities including the Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Universi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web18 | Web18 (Web18 Software Services Limited) is the Internet and mobile arm of Network 18, an Indian media conglomerate. It has a variety of information and transactional services based on the Internet.
The TV18 group holds 85 per cent in Web18 Holdings while the remaining is held by Global Broadcast News Network, a part of the group.
Web18's offerings include Moneycontrol.com, CommoditiesControl.com, Firstpost.com, News18.com, Yatra.com, Homeshop18.com and BookMyShow.com
In 2016 Network18 Group appointed Manish Maheshwari who was previously working for Flipkart as CEO of Web18.
References
External links
Web 18 to relaunch UrbanEye Media
Web 18 to intensify acquisition moves
Network18 Group
Online companies of India
Companies based in Mumbai
Companies with year of establishment missing |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical%20Air%20Intelligence%20Unit | Technical Air Intelligence Units (TAIU) were joint Allied military intelligence units formed during World War II to recover Japanese aircraft to obtain data regarding their technical and tactical capabilities.
The first such unit, known later as Technical Air Intelligence Unit–South West Pacific (TAIU–SWPA), was formed in November 1942 by the United States Navy (USN), United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) and Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) at Eagle Farm Airbase, Brisbane, Australia, in November 1942.
During 1943–44, three other TAIUs were formed in the other Allied theatres of the Pacific War.
South East Asia: ATAIU–SEA; British Royal Air Force (RAF)/USAAF
Pacific Ocean Areas: TAIU–POA; USN
China: Republic of China Air Force
A proposed joint U.S. Army-U.S. Navy research unit in the continental United States was never established, as neither service was prepared to work with the other. Some Japanese aircraft were tested in the US, at various bases, by pilots from the Naval Air Test Center, the USAAF Test Training Unit (which was established with the assistance of RAF technical intelligence units in Europe) and the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics.
Crashed and captured aircraft were located, identified, and evaluated (often in or near the front lines), before being recovered for further tests. Aircraft that were not too badly damaged were rebuilt for test flights that revealed vulnerabilities that could be exploited. Examination of the materials used in the construction of aircraft allowed the Allies to analyse Japanese war production. The unit also absorbed a small team who developed the code name system for Japanese aircraft, and produced aircraft recognition charts and photographs.
Early technical air intelligence operations
The attack on Pearl Harbor demonstrated the key role of aircraft in the Pacific War, but the United States possessed virtually no information about the capabilities of Japanese aircraft. Several shot down aircraft were recovered from Hawaii and examined by the Naval Air Test Center and the USAAF Test Training Unit, who completed their own separate studies.
A Mitsubishi A6M "Zero" of the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service made a forced landing in June 1942 on Akutan Island, off Alaska. The aircraft (known later as the "Akutan Zero") was recovered by the USN and shipped to NAS North Island, California, where it was repaired and made a number of test flights to determine its performance and capabilities.
In late 1942, the Australian Army captured lightly damaged or incomplete examples of the Nakajima Ki-43 Hayabusa ("Oscar") – the main fighter used by the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force during the war – in Papua New Guinea. The Ki-43s were discovered nearly intact at Buna Airfield, after the Battle of Buna–Gona, and were shipped to Australia for examination.
TAIU operations
In order to consolidate and co-ordinate these different operations, the Technical Air Intelligence Unit was formed, based in Han |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In.com | In.com was an online venture from Web18, a Network 18 group company and one of India's online networks based in Mumbai. It was on-line 11 years, from August 2008 to August 2019. In.com was ranked No. 18 in the Alexa traffic rankings in India. The mail services of In.com shut down on 4 March 2015.
On August 20, 2019, the site went offline. Content was not moved elsewhere and links return HTTP 404 or redirect to the news18.com homepage as soft 404s.
References
External links
Network18 Group
Indian entertainment websites
Companies based in Mumbai
2008 establishments in Maharashtra
Internet properties established in 2008 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyon-Meudon%20Extragalactic%20Database | The Lyon-Meudon Extragalactic Database (LEDA) was a database of galaxies, created in 1983 at the Lyon Observatory. Each galaxy had a number assigned to it, which is now known as its PGC number. The Principal Galaxies Catalogue (PGC), published in 1989, was based on the Lyon-Meudon Extragalactic Database and contained cross-identifications for it. LEDA was eventually merged with Hypercat to become HyperLEDA in 2000, itself also known as PGC2003. LEDA originally contained information on more than 60 parameters for about 100,000 galaxies, and now contains information on over 3 million celestial objects, of which about 1.5 million are galaxies. The database allows astronomers around the world access to its information.
References
External links
HYPERLEDA HyperLeda: A database for physics of galaxies
LEDA data base LEDA Database Reference Page
Astronomical catalogues of galaxies
1983 establishments in France |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive%20network | In communication networks, cognitive network (CN) is a new type of data network that makes use of cutting edge technology from several research areas (i.e. machine learning, knowledge representation, computer network, network management) to solve some problems current networks are faced with. Cognitive network is different from cognitive radio (CR) as it covers all the layers of the OSI model (not only layers 1 and 2 as with CR ).
History
The first definition of the cognitive network was provided by Theo Kanter in his doctoral research at KTH, The Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, including a presentation in June 1998 of the cognitive network as the network with memory. Theo was a student of Chip Maguire who also was advising Joe Mitola, the originator of cognitive radio. Mitola focused on cognition in the nodes, while Kantor focused on cognition in the network. Mitola's Licentiate thesis, published in August, 1999 includes the following quote "Over time, the [Radio Knowledge Representation Language] RKRL-empowered network can learn to distinguish a feature of the natural environment that does not match the models. It could declare the errors to a cognitive network." This is the earliest publication of the concept cognitive network, since Kantor published a bit later.
IBM's autonomic networks challenge of 2001 instigated the introduction of a cognition cycle into networks. Cognitive radio, Kantor's cognitive networks, and IBM's autonomic networks provided the foundation for the parallel evolution of cognitive wireless networks and other cognitive networks. In 2004, Petri Mahonen, currently at RWTH, Aachen, and a member of Mitola's doctoral committee organized the first international workshop on cognitive wireless networks at Dagstuhl, Germany. In addition, the EU's E2R and E3 programs developed cognitive network theory under the rubric of self* - self organizing networks, self-aware networks, and so forth. One of the attempts to define the concept of cognitive network was made in 2005 by Thomas et al. and is based on an older idea of the Knowledge Plane described by Clark et al. in 2003 . B.S. Manoj et al. proposed a Cognitive Complete Knowledge Network System in 2008. Since then, several research activities in the area have emerged. A survey and an edited book reveal some of these efforts.
The Knowledge Plane is "a pervasive system within the network that builds and maintains high level models of what the network is supposed to do, in order to provide services and advice to other elements of the network" .
The concept of large scale cognitive network was further made in 2008 by Song, where such Knowledge Plan is clearly defined for large scale wireless networks as the knowledge about the availability of radio spectrum and wireless stations.
Definition
Thomas et al. define the CN as a network with a cognitive process that can perceive current network conditions, plan, decide, act on those conditions, learn from the co |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe%20Becker%20%28Unicode%29 | Joseph D. Becker is an American computer scientist and one of the co-founders of the Unicode project, and a Technical Vice President Emeritus of the Unicode Consortium. He has worked on artificial intelligence at BBN and multilingual workstation software at Xerox.
Becker has long been involved in the issues of multilingual computing in general and Unicode in particular. His 1984 paper in Scientific American, "Multilingual Word Processing", was a seminal work on some of the problems involved, including the need to distinguish characters and glyphs. Following the release of the paper in 1987, he and two others began investigations into the practicality of creating a universal character set. Becker teamed up with his colleague Lee Collins who worked alongside him at Xerox and Mark Davis of Apple. It was Becker who coined the word "Unicode" to cover the project. His article Unicode 88, contained the first public summary of the principles originally underlying the Unicode standard.
References
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
People involved with Unicode
American computer scientists |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manjari%20Joshi | Manjari Joshi is a TV newsreader/anchor of the Indian public service broadcast television network Doordarshan.
Career
Manjari got her schooling from Sardar Patel Vidyalaya, New Delhi. She pursued her graduation in Chemistry (Hons) from Miranda College of University of Delhi. She later turned towards Russian and received her post graduation from Jawaharlal Nehru University. She is a translator of Russian to English and Hindi. She has written articles for newspapers. She teaches television journalism.
Bibliography
Selected Works of Abai Kunnanbev (अबई कुनानबेव चयनिका) (1995), (Translations: Hem Chandra Pande, Variyam Singh, Manjari Joshi, Archana Upaddhyaya), Sahitya Academy, New Delhi
Bharatiya Sangeet ki Parampara (भारतीय संगीत की परंपरा) (2002), National Book Trust, New Delhi.
Writing for Media (2011), (co-author Hemant Joshi), Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi.
Fundamentals of Journalism and Mass Communication (2011), (co-author Prof. Hemant Joshi), Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi.
Communication for Development (2011), (co-author Hemant Joshi), Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi.
References
External links
Manjari Joshi's Video Interview
NRAI, New Delhi
Indian television news anchors
Indian women television journalists
Journalists from Uttar Pradesh
Writers from Lucknow
Indian women translators
Indian women television presenters
Living people
Doordarshan journalists
Jawaharlal Nehru University alumni
Translators from Russian
Translators to Hindi
Delhi University alumni
20th-century Indian journalists
20th-century Indian women writers
Women writers from Uttar Pradesh
20th-century Indian translators
21st-century Indian women writers
21st-century Indian journalists
1960 births |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stack%20Overflow | Stack Overflow is a question-and-answer website for programmers. It is the flagship site of the Stack Exchange Network. It was created in 2008 by Jeff Atwood and Joel Spolsky. It features questions and answers on certain computer programming topics. It was created to be a more open alternative to earlier question and answer websites such as Experts-Exchange. Stack Overflow was sold to Prosus, a Netherlands-based consumer internet conglomerate, on 2 June 2021 for $1.8 billion.
The website serves as a platform for users to ask and answer questions, and, through membership and active participation, to vote questions and answers up or down similar to Reddit and edit questions and answers in a fashion similar to a wiki. Users of Stack Overflow can earn reputation points and "badges"; for example, a person is awarded 10 reputation points for receiving an "up" vote on a question or an answer to a question, and can receive badges for their valued contributions, which represents a gamification of the traditional Q&A website. Users unlock new privileges with an increase in reputation like the ability to vote, comment, and even edit other people's posts.
Stack Overflow has over 20 million registered users, and has received over 24 million questions and 35 million answers. The site and similar programming question and answer sites have globally mostly replaced programming books for day-to-day programming reference in the 2000s, and today are an important part of computer programming. Based on the type of tags assigned to questions, the top eight most discussed topics on the site are: JavaScript, Java, C#, PHP, Android, Python, jQuery, and HTML.
History
The website was created by Jeff Atwood and Joel Spolsky in 2008. The name for the website was chosen by voting in April 2008 by readers of Coding Horror, Atwood's popular programming blog. On 31 July 2008, Jeff Atwood sent out invitations encouraging his subscribers to take part in the private beta of the new website, limiting its use to those willing to test out the new software. On 15 September 2008 it was announced that the public beta version was in session and that the general public was now able to use it to seek assistance on programming related issues. The design of the Stack Overflow logo was decided by a voting process.
On 3 May 2010, it was announced that Stack Overflow had raised $6 million in venture capital from a group of investors led by Union Square Ventures.
In 2019, Stack Overflow named Prashanth Chandrasekar as its chief executive officer and Teresa Dietrich as its chief product officer.
In June 2021, Prosus, a Netherlands-based subsidiary of South African media company Naspers, announced a deal to acquire Stack Overflow for $1.8 billion.
Security breach
In early May 2019, an update was deployed to Stack Overflow's development version. It contained a bug which allowed an attacker to grant themselves privileges in accessing the production version of the site. Stack Overflow publi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underground%20Railroad%20in%20Indiana | The Underground Railroad in Indiana was part of a larger, unofficial, and loosely-connected network of groups and individuals who aided and facilitated the escape of runaway slaves from the southern United States. The network in Indiana gradually evolved in the 1830s and 1840s, reached its peak during the 1850s, and continued until slavery was abolished throughout the United States at the end of the American Civil War in 1865. It is not known how many fugitive slaves escaped through Indiana on their journey to Michigan and Canada. An unknown number of Indiana's abolitionists, anti-slavery advocates, and people of color, as well as Quakers and other religious groups illegally operated stations (safe houses) along the network. Some of the network's operatives have been identified, including Levi Coffin, the best-known of Indiana's Underground Railroad leaders. In addition to shelter, network agents provided food, guidance, and, in some cases, transportation to aid the runaways.
Most of the fugitives who entered Indiana followed one of three general routes after crossing the Ohio River from Kentucky. A western route, which typically began in Indiana's southwestern counties near Evansville, continued north along the Wabash River or through several of the state's western counties toward the Indiana-Michigan border. A central route from Indiana counties began after crossing the Ohio River from the Louisville, Kentucky, area and passed through central and northern Indiana before entering Michigan. An eastern route from southeastern Indiana counties followed stations along the Indiana-Ohio border. A smaller number of fugitive slaves entered Indiana from Cincinnati, Ohio. Today, only a few Underground Railroad sites in Indiana are open to the public, including the Catherine and Levi Coffin home (called the "Grand Central Station of the Underground Railroad") in Wayne County and Eleutherian College in Jefferson County. Other sites have been identified with state historic markers, an ongoing effort.
History
Despite the risks of being captured and sold into bondage, some free people of color illegally provided aid to fugitive slaves in the early years of the Underground Railroad's operations. As more fugitive slaves came into Indiana in the 1820s, a growing number of white abolitionists and antislavery advocates took part the network, especially after 1850, when federal fugitive laws made it more difficult for runaways to make their escape to Canada. The Underground Railroad gradually evolved in the 1830s and 1840s, reaching its peak during the 1850s, and remained in operation until 1865, when slavery was abolished throughout the United States at the end of the American Civil War.
Prior to 1816
Although slavery was prohibited within the Northwest Territory and the Indiana Territory prior to Indiana's statehood in 1816, early residents disagreed on whether slavery should be allowed in the territory. In addition, federal and territorial laws did not preven |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stack%20overflow%20%28disambiguation%29 | A stack overflow is a programming error when too much memory is used on the call stack.
Stack overflow may also refer to:
Stack buffer overflow, when a program writes to a memory address on the program's call stack outside of the intended data structure; usually a fixed length buffer
Stack Overflow, a question-and-answer website on the topic of computer programming |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Govone%20%28disambiguation%29 | Govone is a municipality in Piedmont, Italy.
Govone may also refer to:
Giuseppe Govone, an Italian general and politician of Risorgimento
GovOne, company acquired by First Data |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20roads%20in%20Ireland | There have been routes and trackways in Ireland connecting settlements and facilitating trade since ancient times and the country now has an extensive network of public roads connecting all parts of the island.
Early history
The first routes in Ireland were prehistoric trackways, some of which were later developed into roads suited for wheeled vehicles. Many of Ireland's minor roads "may well have had their origin in pre-existing paths and trackways aligned in direct response to the physical environment". Traces of these evolved roads which developed over very long periods, frequently from tracks of the prehistoric period, are still evident. The routes of such roads usually followed the natural landscape, following the tops of ridges and crossing rivers and streams at fording points.
There is almost no evidence that large roads were constructed in Ireland during the Stone Age. However, a very large oval henge enclosure, thought to date from c. 2500 BC (the Neolithic period) may possibly have had an ancient roadway associated with it. The henge was discovered at the Hill of Tara archaeological complex in geophysical surveys carried out between 1999 and 2001. It is unlikely that any roadway from this period would have been used as a transport route. Excavations carried out at Edercloon, County Longford in advance of road construction discovered a dense "network of wooden trackways and platforms, which were constructed from the Neolithic (c. 4000-c. 2200BC) to the early medieval period (c. AD 400–790)."
Wheeled vehicles with solid wooden disc-wheels were introduced into northern Europe around 2000 BC. An example of a disc-wheel, from the Netherlands, was found next to a wooden trackway: "it appears from this evidence that the introduction of disc-wheeled carts into…northern Europe required the invention of roadbuilding about 2000 B.C." An Early Bronze Age trackway, from shortly after 2000 BC, was found at Ballykillen Bog, near Edenderry, County Offaly in the 19th century. It may have been designed to carry disc-wheeled vehicles. A section of a wooden trackway, three feet (approx. 1 metre) wide, was surveyed at Corlona Bog in County Leitrim in the 1950s. The trackway was dated to approximately 1500 BC but its narrow width makes it unlikely that it was used by wheeled vehicles. Similar wooden trackways and roads are known from all over Ireland from the Late Bronze Age. One example from Ballyalbanagh, County Antrim was wide and made from oak beams and planks: "its width suggests provision for cart or wagon transport."
Archaeological excavations have found some roads built with stone in the Irish Iron Age. Ireland was never part of the Roman Empire and, therefore, Roman roads were not built in Ireland. However, a 22-kilometre long Iron Age road with a stone surface, part of a defensive complex, has been excavated in Munster: this, along with similar excavations, demonstrates that "Roman methods of road construction were known in Ireland." Generall |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microdata%20%28statistics%29 | In the study of survey and census data, microdata is information at the level of individual respondents. For instance, a national census might collect age, home address, educational level, employment status, and many other variables, recorded separately for every person who responds; this is microdata.
Advantages
Survey/census results are most commonly published as aggregates (e.g. a regional-level employment rate), both for privacy reasons and because of the large quantities of data involved; microdata for one census can easily contain millions of records, each with several dozen data items.
However, summarizing results to an aggregate level results in information loss. For instance, if statistics for education and employment are aggregated separately, they cannot be used to explore a relationship between these two variables. Access to microdata allows researchers much more freedom to investigate such interactions and perform detailed analysis.
Availability
For this reason, some statistical organizations allow access to microdata for research purposes. Controls are generally imposed to limit the risk that this data may be abused or lead to loss of privacy. For example, the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series requires researchers to implement security measures, avoid redistribution of microdata, use microdata only for noncommercial research/education purposes, and not make any attempt to identify the individuals recorded. Names and fine-level geographical data are removed, some data items are altered as necessary to make it impossible to identify individuals, and small ethnic categories are merged.
The International Household Survey Network has developed tools and guidelines to help interested statistical agencies improve their microdata management practices. The Microdata Management Toolkit is a DDI metadata editor which is now used in about 80 countries, with the support of the Accelerated Data Program, implemented by the PARIS21 Secretariat, the World Bank, and other partners, in the context of the Marrakech Action Plan for Statistics.
References
Sampling (statistics)
Censuses |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRLevelX | GRLevelX is a suite of data processing and display programs developed by Gibson Ridge Software, LLC (GRS), to view weather radar data. It went on the market in March 2005. It comes in three versions, all of which ingest raw data: GRLevel2 and GRLevel2 Analyst Edition for viewing Level II data of the National Weather Service (NWS), and GRLevel3 for viewing Level III data. All programs are capable of rendering dual polarization data.
The software allows the user to view real-time data as well as archive data stored locally or obtained over the internet. It is used by professional forecasters and researchers for general precipitation analysis as well as severe storm, tornado, and tropical cyclone monitoring and analysis. Its usage base grew to include many television weathercasters, including by The Weather Channel severe storms expert Greg Forbes, as well as storm chasers, storm spotters, emergency managers, weather enthusiasts, private sector meteorologists, and is often used within the NWS, itself.
GRLevel2 Analyst Edition allows the user to take a 3D images of precipitation within clouds, such as in supercell thunderstorms. Its integrated algorithms flag possible hail, tornado vortex signatures (TVSs), and mesocyclones.
All GRx applications are written in multithreaded C++ using the base Windows APIs. Software engineer Michael Scott Gibson wrote the programs.
Overview
GRLevel2 is a Windows viewer for live and archived NEXRAD Level II data (volumetric reflectivity and velocity data). Base reflectivity, base velocity, storm relative velocity, and spectrum width sweeps for all radar tilts can be ingested. The display has high speed zooming and panning to allow the user a quickly focus on the area of interest.
GRLevel2 Analyst Edition is an advanced NEXRAD Level II analysis application to produce a high quality volumetric display and several high resolution reflectivity-derived graphical products in addition to the standard Level II data products. Through GIS implementation, several University-Doppler Radars can be viewed, such as the University of Missouri's X-Band Radar.
GRLevel3 is a Windows viewer for live NEXRAD Level III data from the NWS Radar Product Central Collection Dissemination Service (already produced 2D images). In addition to Level III WSR-88D data, GR3 supports TDWR, which is high resolution shorter range radar located at some major airports.
Gibson also wrote GREarth, which overlays satellite and other data and, like the GRLevelX radar viewers, is customizable with GIS layers.
Algorithms
GR2Analyst contains algorithms flagging certain features in the reflectivity data. In reflectivities, GR2 extract the height above ground of the highest elevation where they are greater than 18 dBZ (echo tops), the vertically integrated liquid water content of clouds (VIL) and the VIL divided by the Echo tops which is an indicator of possible large hail. Further algorithm use environmental information about of and heights, inputted |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allocator%20%28C%2B%2B%29 | In C++ computer programming, allocators are a component of the C++ Standard Library. The standard library provides several data structures, such as list and set, commonly referred to as containers. A common trait among these containers is their ability to change size during the execution of the program. To achieve this, some form of dynamic memory allocation is usually required. Allocators handle all the requests for allocation and deallocation of memory for a given container. The C++ Standard Library provides general-purpose allocators that are used by default, however, custom allocators may also be supplied by the programmer.
Allocators were invented by Alexander Stepanov as part of the Standard Template Library (STL). They were originally intended as a means to make the library more flexible and independent of the underlying memory model, allowing programmers to utilize custom pointer and reference types with the library. However, in the process of adopting STL into the C++ standard, the C++ standardization committee realized that a complete abstraction of the memory model would incur unacceptable performance penalties. To remedy this, the requirements of allocators were made more restrictive. As a result, the level of customization provided by allocators is more limited than was originally envisioned by Stepanov.
Nevertheless, there are many scenarios where customized allocators are desirable. Some of the most common reasons for writing custom allocators include improving performance of allocations by using memory pools, and encapsulating access to different types of memory, like shared memory or garbage-collected memory. In particular, programs with many frequent allocations of small amounts of memory may benefit greatly from specialized allocators, both in terms of running time and memory footprint.
Background
Alexander Stepanov and Meng Lee presented the Standard Template Library to the C++ standards committee in March 1994. The library received preliminary approval, although a few issues were raised. In particular, Stepanov was requested to make the library containers independent of the underlying memory model, which led to the creation of allocators. Consequently, all of the STL container interfaces had to be rewritten to accept allocators.
In adapting STL to be included in the C++ Standard Library, Stepanov worked closely with several members of the standards committee, including Andrew Koenig and Bjarne Stroustrup, who observed that custom allocators could potentially be used to implement persistent storage STL containers, which Stepanov at the time considered an "important and interesting insight".
The original allocator proposal incorporated some language features that had not yet been accepted by the committee, namely the ability to use template arguments that are themselves templates. Since these features could not be compiled by any existing compiler, there was, according to Stepanov, "an enormous demand on Bjarne [Stroustr |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Not%20All%20Dogs%20Go%20to%20Heaven | "Not All Dogs Go to Heaven" is the 11th episode of the seventh season of the American animated television series Family Guy. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on March29, 2009. The episode was directed by Greg Colton and written by Danny Smith. In the episode, Quahog hosts its annual Star Trek convention and the cast members of Star Trek: The Next Generation are guests. After he was unable to ask the actors any questions at a Q&A session, Stewie builds a transporter in his bedroom to beam the cast over and spend the day with them. Meanwhile, Meg becomes a born-again Christian and tries to convert the atheist Brian to Christianity.
The episode received mixed reviews from critics and received a 4.8/7 Nielsen rating. Star Trek: The Next Generations Patrick Stewart, Jonathan Frakes, Brent Spiner, LeVar Burton, Gates McFadden, Michael Dorn, Wil Wheaton, Denise Crosby, and Marina Sirtis all guest-starred as themselves, and Adam West and Rob Lowe appear at the end of the episode in a live-action scene.
Plot
Meg catches the mumps when the Griffins attend Quahog's annual Star Trek convention, because Peter forced her to stand next to an irresponsible attendee with the mumps to take a picture, believing him to be in costume as an alien. While recovering in bed, Meg becomes a born-again Christian after watching Kirk Cameron on television and begins irritating everyone with her beliefs. Meg is horrified to learn that Brian is an atheist and attempts to persuade him to repent and convert to Christianity, but he repeatedly refuses. Finally taking drastic measures, Meg spreads the word of Brian's atheism around Quahog, which generally hates atheists, turning him into a pariah.
Upon being made an outcast, Brian is banned from every bar and convenience store in Quahog, making it impossible for him to drown his sorrows. Desperate, and suffering from delirium tremens (he hallucinates seeing several alcoholic beverages begging him to drink them), Brian fakes his repentance and persuades Meg to cease all hostilities against him so he can get back to drinking, but she takes him to burn books that are "harmful to God" (including On the Origin of Species by Charles Darwin, A Brief History of Time by Stephen Hawking, and a book titled Logic for First Graders). A disgusted Brian admits his bluff and attempts to convince Meg that what she is doing is wrong. When Meg refuses to listen, Brian points out to her that if there were truly a loving God, then he would not have created Meg to have an attractive mother like Lois but have her to more physically resemble Peter, and that she would not be brought into a world where everyone holds her in contempt. Feeling ashamed, Meg concedes to Brian's argument and apologizes for her behavior, confessing that she does not know how she can feel loved. Brian then assures her that the answers are inside herself, and the real meaning of their existence is out there somewhere. Afterward, it is revealed that the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkaido%20Cultural%20Broadcasting | is a TV station affiliated with Fuji News Network (FNN) and Fuji Network System (FNS) serving in Hokkaido, Japan, headquartered in Sapporo, established in 1971.
Through its Hakodate translator, UHB functions as the default FNN affiliate for most of neighboring Aomori Prefecture to the south, as that area does not have an FNN affiliate of its own.
History
In October 1969, the Ministry of Post (currently the Ministry of Internal Communications) approved the fourth TV license in Hokkaido, which attracted 59 companies to apply. At that time, both Hokkaido Shimbun and Fuji Television were interested in obtaining television licenses. With the help of the prefectural government of Hokkaido, the 59 applicant companies were then integrated into Hokkaido Cultural Broadcasting centered on Hokkaido Shimbun and Fuji TV, and officially obtained a license in May 1971. The broadcaster was founded on June 19, 1971 and began trial broadcasts on January 14, 1972 prior to the 1972 Winter Olympics, the first of a kind in Asia.
At exactly 07:20am on April 1, 1972, UHB began broadcasting with "Today's Weather" being the first program to be broadcast. When it first commenced broadcasts, coverage area was just at 66% of households (initially at Sapporo, Hakodate, Asahikawa, and Muroan) and increased after half a year to 81.9% (expanding to Obihiro, Kushiro, and Abashiri). In 1981, Fuji TV assisted UHB in producing the TV drama series From The Northern Country (aired between 1981-2002), which was an unprecedented success. It achieved more than 20% in ratings, and also promoted tourism in the Furano area, where the drama is produced. In 1991, UHB becomes responsible for FNN's Moscow bureau. On October 1, 1983, UHB introduced its current logo featuring lowercase letters. They also started using an electronic news gathering (ENG) in 1982 and stereo sound and bilingual broadcasting in 1984 Digital terrestrial broadcasts commence in Sapporo on June 1, 2006 and ceased analog broadcasts on July 24, 2011.
References
External links
The official website of Hokkaido Cultural Broadcasting
Fuji News Network
Television stations in Japan
Television channels and stations established in 1972
Mass media in Sapporo |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanogel | A nanogel is a polymer-based, crosslinked hydrogel particle on the sub-micron scale. These complex networks of polymers present a unique opportunity in the field of drug delivery at the intersection of nanoparticles and hydrogel synthesis. Nanogels can be natural, synthetic, or a combination of the two and have a high degree of tunability in terms of their size, shape, surface functionalization, and degradation mechanisms. Given these inherent characteristics in addition to their biocompatibility and capacity to encapsulate small drugs and molecules, nanogels are a promising strategy to treat disease and dysfunction by serving as delivery vehicles capable of navigating across challenging physiological barriers within the body.
Nanogels are not to be confused with Nanogel aerogel, a lightweight thermal insulator, or with nanocomposite hydrogels (NC gels), which are nanomaterial-filled, hydrated, polymeric networks that exhibit higher elasticity and strength relative to traditionally made hydrogels.
Synthesis
The synthesis of nanogels can be achieved using a vast array of different methods. However, two critical steps typically included in each method are polymerization and crosslinking, with physical and chemical crosslinking the most common. These steps can be completed concomitantly or in sequential order depending on the synthesis method and eventual nanogel application. Here, several different synthesis mechanisms are described briefly.
Desolvation/Coacervation and Precipitation
In desolvation or coacervation, a non-solvent is added to a homogeneous polymer solution to produce individual, nanosized polymer complexes dispersed in the same solution. These complexes then undergo crosslinking to form nanogels with surface functionalization an optional next step.
In precipitation, initiators and crosslinking agents are added to a homogenous monomer solution to induce a polymerization reaction. When the polymer chain reaches the desired length, the reaction is halted and a polymer colloidal suspension is formed. Surfactants are the final addition to produce nanosized polymers.
Electrostatic and Hydrophobic Interactions
Electrostatic interactions can form nanogels through the combination of anionic and cationic polymers in an aqueous solution. The size and surface charge of the resulting nanogels can be modulated by changing the molecular weight or the charge ratio of the two different polymers. Ionotropic gelation can also leverage electrostatic interactions between multivalent anions and cations to form nanogels.
Hydrophobic interactions rely heavily on physical crosslinking to form nanogels. In this method, hydrophobic groups are added to hydrophilic polymers in an aqueous solution to induce their self-assembly into nanogels. When thiolated polymers (thiomers) are used for this preparation process, nanogels can be further stabilized by the formation of inter- and intrachain disulfide bonds due to oxidation. In the following the opposit |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turin%E2%80%93Milan%20high-speed%20railway | The Turin–Milan high-speed railway line is a link in the Italian high-speed rail network. It is part of Corridor 5 of the European Union's Trans-European high-speed rail network, which connects Lisbon and Kyiv. The section between Turin and Novara opened on 10 February 2006, while the remainder opened on 5 December 2009.
The route is long ( in Piedmont and in Lombardy) and crosses the territory of 41 municipalities. The estimated cost of the works is €2,580 million (). The flatness of the countryside has allowed 80% (approximately ) of the track to be built at ground level, with a small amount of line built in cuttings, approximately 15% (about ) on viaducts, and about 5% (nearly ) in cut-and-cover tunnel. Among the most important structures is the Santhià Viaduct and the Pregnana Milanese Tunnel. Most of the line closely follows the south side of the Milan-Turin Autostrada.
The section between Turin and Novara was inaugurated on 10 February for the 2006 Olympics in Turin. The section between Novara and Milan was officially opened on 5 December 2009.
References
See also
List of railway lines in Italy
High-speed railway lines in Italy
Railway lines in Piedmont
Railway lines in Lombardy
Railway lines opened in 2006 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rakudo | Rakudo is a Raku compiler targeting MoarVM, and the Java Virtual Machine, that implements the Raku specification. It is currently the only major Raku compiler in active development.
Originally developed within the Parrot project, the Rakudo source code repository was split from the project in February 2009 so that it could be developed independently, although there were still many dependencies at the time. Rakudo is written in C, Raku, and the lightweight Raku subset NQP (Not Quite Perl).
Rakudo Perl #14 was released in February 2009, codenamed Vienna after the Perl mongers group that had sponsored one of its developers since April 2008. Subsequent releases have used codenames based on Perl mongers groups.
The first major release of a distribution of both compiler and modules (named "Rakudo *" or "Rakudo Star") was on July 29, 2010.
Name
The name "Rakudo" for the Raku compiler was first suggested by Damian Conway. "Rakudo" is short for "Rakuda-dō" (with a long 'o'; 駱駝道), which is Japanese for "Way of the Camel". "Rakudo" (with a short 'o'; 楽土) also means "paradise" in Japanese.
The term "Rakudo" was also chosen to distinguish between the name of a language implementation ("Rakudo") from the name of the language specification ("Raku") – any implementation that passes the official test suite could call itself "Raku". There are currently several implementations at various levels of maturity, with only Rakudo implementing full Raku and NQP for Raku subset.
Books
References
External links
Rakudo website
Raku (programming language)
Software using the Artistic license |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military%20Counseling%20Network | The Military Counseling Network (MCN) is a non-profit GI Rights organization dedicated to being a free source of information to U.S military members concerning military regulations and discharges, with an emphasis on working with those members who are looking to apply for a conscientious objection discharge. The Network is a project of the German Mennonite Peace Committee (Deutsches Mennonitisches Friedenskomitee, DMFK) and is located in Bammental, Germany in the DMFK offices. MCN is part of the GI Rights Network.
MCN exists as a source of information concerning a wide range of regulations and discharges, such as conscientious objection, medical, and hardship to U.S military members stationed in Europe. Counselors do not provide legal advice, but can assist callers in finding lawyers in their area who can give them appropriate advice.
History
In September 1986, Bill Boston created the ‘Military Counseling Project – Mutlangen’ in West Germany, offering an independent source of information about GI rights and discharge possibilities for US servicemembers. In the Fall of 1987, Janice Hill and Andre Gingerich Stoner joined with Boston and created the ‘Military Counseling Network.
The first mission statement read:
Presently more than 250,000 members of the US military and their families and US civilian employees are stationed in the Federal Republic of Germany. Many of them suffer violations of rights and face conflicts of conscience and other difficulties within the military.
The Military Counseling Network advises US soldiers free of charge about their rights under military law and can assist them in achieving various discharges (conscientious objection, medical, hardship, etc.). The network of trained civilian counselors was established because soldiers are often poorly informed of their rights and until now had no source of assistance in Germany outside of the military.
The network also seeks to build bridges and foster dialogue between US soldiers and the German population in order to break down stereotypes and prejudices. MCN counselors are committed to the principles of nonviolence. The network works in close cooperation with European, American, and international human rights, peace, church, and women’s groups.
Through trainings in cooperation with the Central Committee for Conscientious Objectors (CCCO), the network expanded and included counselors in Berlin, Frankfurt, Mutlangen, Heilbronn, Tübingen, and Hunsrück. All of the counselors contributed on a voluntary, part-time basis, while continuing in their other jobs until August 1990, when MCN officially closed due to financial struggles and a number of counselors leaving the area.
Later that month, however, Iraq invaded Kuwait, and the US military build-up in the Middle East began. Over 100,000 US troops were deployed from Europe, and the need for MCN rose. During this time, MCNs' caseload increased, and counselors were even brought over from the US to help with the counseling. By mid- |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal%20of%20Chemical%20%26%20Engineering%20Data | The Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data is a peer-reviewed scientific journal, published since 1956 by the American Chemical Society. JCED is currently indexed in: Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS), SCOPUS, EBSCOhost, ProQuest, British Library, PubMed, Ovid, Web of Science, and SwetsWise.
The current Editor is J. Ilja Siepmann. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 3.119.
References
External links
American Chemical Society academic journals
Academic journals established in 1956
Monthly journals
Chemical engineering journals
English-language journals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Stu%20Erwin%20Show | The Stu Erwin Show (also known as Trouble with Father) is an American sitcom which aired on ABC from 1950 to 1955. Only four of the series’ five seasons on the network included new episodes; the 1953–54 season consisted entirely of reruns.
Synopsis
The series' star, Stuart Erwin, played a bumbling high school principal named Stu Erwin. His wife, film ingenue from the late silent and early sound period, June Collyer, played the principal's wife, June Erwin. Although Erwin and Collyer, who were married in 1931, had a son and a daughter, the series presented them as parents of two adolescent daughters played by Sheila James and Ann Todd who was replaced by Merry Anders in the series' final season. One notable aspect of the show was that it featured black actor Willie Best in a regular supporting role.
Predating modern single-camera sitcoms, The Stu Erwin Show originally aired without a laugh track (one was added in its final season), and each episode was around 26 minutes long, without commercials. During its original network run on ABC, it was sponsored by General Mills (1950–54), Paper Mate (1953-'54) and Liggett & Myers (1954–55).
Production
The series was produced by Roland D. Reed and Hal Roach, Jr., and filmed at Hal Roach Studios in Culver City, California. All 52 episodes of season one were first-run, followed by another 26 in season two for a total of 78 straight weeks of all-new shows before reruns began in the spring of 1952. Another 26 episodes were produced for the 1952–53 season, interspersed with reruns every third week between October 1952 and July 1953. Production then went on a lengthy hiatus while the network continued airing reruns from the summer of 1953 until the fall of 1954. The fourth and final season's 26 episodes aired between October 1954 and April 1955.
Episodes
Season 1 (1950–51)
Season 2 (1951–52)
Season 3 (1952–53)
Season 4 (1954–55)
Syndication and Home release
The series was widely syndicated by Official Films through the late 1960s. The show is currently seen on the Retro TV Network as of July 2018.
Many episodes of the program have fallen into the public domain. As such, various budget DVD releases of public domain episodes have been released.
References
External links
The Stu Erwin Show at The Classic TV Archive
1950 American television series debuts
1955 American television series endings
1950s American sitcoms
American Broadcasting Company original programming
Black-and-white American television shows
English-language television shows
Television series about educators |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KHGC | KHGC (98.5 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a Christian format. Licensed to Montana City, Montana, the station is owned by Hi-Line Radio Fellowship, Inc., and broadcasts its network Your Network of Praise.
History
The Federal Communications Commission issued a construction permit for the station on August 24, 2007. The station was assigned the call letters KERT on September 27, 2007 and, on October 4, 2007, changed its call sign to KHLN. The station was granted its license to cover on January 25, 2008.
On May 9, 2011, the station again changed its call sign to KOYT.
On June 9, 2014, 98.5 relaunched with a classic country format as "98.5 Helena's Gold Country", with the callsign changing at the same time to KHGC.
On January 1, 2017 KHGC changed their format to adult hits, branded as "98.5 Dave FM".
On April 5, 2017, Montana Radio Company announced that it would acquire Cherry Creek Media's Helena stations. As part of the deal, KHGC was divested to Hi-Line Radio Fellowship and switched to Your Network of Praise. The sale was completed on July 28, 2017.
References
External links
HGC
Radio stations established in 2008
2008 establishments in Montana |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl%20Best%20Practices | Perl Best Practices is a programming book focusing on standard practices for Perl coding style, encouraging the development of maintainable source code. It was written by Damian Conway and published by O'Reilly.
References
External links
Perl Best Practices at the O'Reilly online catalog
Detailed review at Slashdot
2005 non-fiction books
Books about Perl
O'Reilly Media books |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzi%20Vishkin | Uzi Vishkin (born 1953) is a computer scientist at the University of Maryland, College Park, where he is Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies (UMIACS). Uzi Vishkin is known for his work in the field of parallel computing. In 1996, he was inducted as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery, with the following citation: "One of the pioneers of parallel algorithms research, Dr. Vishkin's seminal contributions played a leading role in forming and shaping what thinking in parallel has come to mean in the fundamental theory of Computer Science."
Biography
Uzi Vishkin was born in Tel Aviv, Israel. He completed his B.Sc. (1974) and M.Sc. in Mathematics at the Hebrew University, before earning his D.Sc. in Computer Science at the Technion (1981). He then spent a year working at the IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, New York. From 1982 to 1984, he worked at the department of computer science at New York University and remained affiliated with it till 1988. From 1984 until 1997 he worked in the computer science department of Tel Aviv University, serving as its chair from 1987 to 1988. Since 1988 he is with the University of Maryland, College Park.
PRAM-on-chip
A notable rudimentary abstraction—that any single instruction available for execution in a serial program executes immediately—made serial computing simple. A consequence of this abstraction is a step-by-step (inductive) explication of the instruction available next for execution.
The rudimentary parallel abstraction behind the PRAM-on-chip concept, dubbed Immediate Concurrent Execution (ICE) in , is that indefinitely many instructions available for concurrent execution execute immediately. A consequence of ICE is a step-by-step (inductive) explication (also known as lock-step) of the instructions available next for concurrent execution. Moving beyond the serial von Neumann computer (the only successful general purpose platform to date), the aspiration of the PRAM-on-chip concept is that computer science will again be able to augment
mathematical induction with a simple one-line computing abstraction. A chronological overview of the evolution of the PRAM-on-chip concept and its hardware and software prototyping follow.
In the 1980s and 1990s, Uzi Vishkin co-authored several articles that helped building a theory of parallel algorithms in a mathematical model called parallel random access machine (PRAM), which is a generalization for parallel computing of the standard serial computing model random-access machine (RAM). The parallel machines needed for implementing the PRAM model have not yet been built at the time, and quite a few challenged the ability to ever build such machines. Concluding in 1997 that the transistor count on chip as implied by Moore's Law will allow building a powerful parallel computer on a single silicon chip within a decade, he developed a PRAM-On-Chip visio |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cover%20Me%20%28American%20TV%20series%29 | Cover Me (also known as Cover Me: Based on the True Life of an FBI Family) is an American crime comedy-drama series which ran on the USA Network from March 5, 2000, to March 24, 2001.
Premise
Based on a real family, the series centers on undercover FBI agent Danny Arno, who instead of hiding the details of his work from his wife and children, includes them in his operations.
Cast
Peter Dobson as Danny Arno
Melora Hardin as Barbara Arno
Cameron Richardson as Celeste Arno
Antoinette Picatto as Ruby Arno
Michael Angarano as Chance Arno
David Faustino had the roles of Older Chance and Narrator, but the roles are said to be uncredited.
Episodes
External links
2000s American comedy-drama television series
2000 American television series debuts
2001 American television series endings
2000s American crime drama television series
English-language television shows
Television series by Universal Television
Television shows set in Utah
USA Network original programming |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinoy%20Abroad | Abroad () is a Philippine television travel documentary show broadcast by GMA Network. Hosted by Ivan Mayrina and Rhea Santos, it premiered on April 6, 2005. The show concluded on June 28, 2006.
Countries visited
North America
Europe
Asia
Africa
Oceania
Accolades
References
External links
2005 Philippine television series debuts
2006 Philippine television series endings
Filipino-language television shows
GMA Network original programming
GMA Integrated News and Public Affairs shows
Philippine documentary television series
Philippine travel television series |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iwate%20Menkoi%20Television | is a TV station affiliated with Fuji News Network (FNN) and Fuji Network System (FNS) in Morioka, Iwate.
The station functions as a default FNN affiliate for neighboring Aomori Prefecture, which does not have a Fuji Television-affiliated station of its own.
History
JOYH-DTV began broadcasting on 1 April 1991 as JOYH-TV (channel 33), becoming the first dedicated affiliate of FNN (Fuji Television) in the northeastern portion of Tōhoku (the license had been awarded back in December 1989, but the station's construction began in the spring of 1990). Prior to the station's signon, JODF-TV carried FNN as a secondary affiliation, while some cable providers in Iwate Prefecture carried JOOX-TV, which was receivable over the air in the prefecture's extreme southern reaches.
Digital broadcasting began on 1 July 2006, and was expected to continue until July 2011. The 11 March 2011 earthquake resulted in the postponement of the shutdown date for all analog television signals in Iwate, Miyagi, and Fukushima prefectures. The station finally shut down its analog television service on 31 March 2012.
TV channels
Digital Television
Morioka 20ch JOYH-DTV 1 kW
Translators
Ninohe 50ch 100W
Ichinoseki 29ch 25W
Yachiyama 34ch 2W
Tōno 19ch 20W
Ōtsuchi-shinyama 47ch 2W
Murone 29ch 3W
Kamaishi 16ch 30W
Miyako 16ch 20W
Ōfunato 16ch 10W
Kuji 46ch 3W
Nishine-Matsuo 34ch 2W
Ōtsushi 16ch 1W
Noda 46ch 1W
Program
External links
The official website of Iwate Menkoi Television
Fuji News Network
Television stations in Japan
Television channels and stations established in 1991
Mass media in Morioka, Iwate
1991 establishments in Japan |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas%20Freedom%20Network | The Texas Freedom Network (TFN) is a Texas organization which describes its goals as protecting religious freedom, defending civil liberties, and strengthening public schools in the state. It works to counter the activities of the Christian right. Founded in 1996 by Cecile Richards, the daughter of former Governor Ann W. Richards. the group had 19,000 members by 2004.
Leadership and direction
Under Richards, the organization focused mainly on education, but under the leadership of Samantha Smoot (1998–2004) it broadened its focus to include hate crimes and gay rights. As of July 2023, Val Benavidez is the president.
The TFN has opposed the attempts of Don McLeroy and other religious conservatives on the Texas State Board of Education to mandate that Texas high schools offer Bible classes and change history textbook standards, arguing that many of the proposed changes violate religious freedom and the separation of church and state. TFN has also closely followed the activities of the Board of Education and activists on other education issues, such as the teaching of evolution in public schools.
Bible study curricula
In 2005 TFN criticized the National Council on Bible Curriculum in Public Schools curriculum for promoting a fundamentalist Christian view and violating religious freedom. It commissioned a report by Southern Methodist University biblical scholar Mark A. Chancey, which found:
Evolution curricula
In a survey commissioned by TFN, "94% of Texas scientists indicated that claimed 'weaknesses' of evolution are not valid scientific objections to evolution (with 87% saying that they 'strongly disagree' that such weaknesses should be considered valid)."
Other issues
In February 2009 a TFN-funded study conducted by two Texas State University researchers, titled Just Say Don't Know: Sexuality Education in Texas Public Schools found that in many cases, students are given misleading and inaccurate information about the risks associated with sex.
References
External links
Texas Freedom Network- Official
Public education in Texas
Politics of Texas
Civil liberties advocacy groups in the United States
Organizations established in 1996
Organizations based in Texas
501(c)(4) nonprofit organizations |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer%20Dreams | Computer Dreams is a 1988 film created by Digital Vision Entertainment and released by MPI Home Video. Written, produced and directed by Geoffrey de Valois and hosted by Amanda Pays, it consists primarily of clips and behind-the-scenes work of early computer graphics animation. Notably included are Luxo Jr. and Red's Dream, the first two short films from Pixar. The film is an hour long and features an electronic score by Music Fantastic. It was revised and re-released on DVD as The History of Computer Animation, Volume 2. It won the Winner Gold Special Jury Award at the 1989 Houston International Film Festival, and the 1989 Golden Decade Award from the US Film & Video Festival.
Music used includes:
Gail Lennon - Desire,
Gail Lennon - Like A Dream,
Shandi Sinnamon - Making It,
References
External links
1988 direct-to-video films
American animated documentary films
Computer graphics
Documentary films about animation
1988 documentary films
1988 films
Documentary films about computing
1980s American films |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BootX%20%28Apple%29 | BootX is a software-based bootloader designed and developed by Apple Inc. for use on the company's Macintosh computer range. BootX is used to prepare the computer for use, by loading all required device drivers and then starting-up Mac OS X by booting the kernel on all PowerPC Macintoshes running the Mac OS X 10.2 operating system or later versions.
Using BootROM, a read-only memory (ROM) computer chip containing Open Firmware, a graphical bootsplash is shown briefly on all compatible Macintosh computers as a grey Apple logo with a spinning cursor that appears during the startup sequence.
The program is freely available as part of the Darwin operating system under the open-source Apple Public Source License.
BootX was superseded by another nearly identical bootloader named boot.efi and an Extensible Firmware Interface ROM on the release of the Intel-based Mac.
History
Older Macintoshes dating from 1983 until 1998 utilized a basic bootloader; the bootloader was solely a ROM chip varying in sizes up to 4 megabytes (MB), which contained both the computer code to boot the computer and to run the Mac OS operating system. The ROM-resident portion of the Mac OS is the Macintosh Toolbox and the boot-ROM part of that ROM was retroactively named Old World ROM upon the release of the New World ROM Macs, starting with the first iMac. The ROM-resident Macintosh Toolbox differs greatly from the design of the modern Macintosh, which generally use a hard drive of large capacity to store the operating system. This bootloader was used in all Macintosh computers until mid-1998.
With the advent of the iMac series of Macintoshes, the firmware was updated. The ROM was reduced in size to 1 MB, called BootROM, and the remainder of the ROM was moved to the file Mac OS ROM in the Mac OS System Folder, stored on the hard drive. This ROM used a full implementation of the Open Firmware standard (contained in BootROM) and was named the New World ROM.
In 2001, with the release of Mac OS X 10.0, the Mac OS ROM file was replaced with the BootX bootloader file. In 2002, with the release of Mac OS X 10.2, the historical "Happy Mac" start-up picture was replaced with a grey apple logo. By introducing the Intel Mac in 2006, BootROM was replaced by the near identical Extensible Firmware Interface ROM (although Apple still calls it BootROM) and the boot.efi file.
Features
To make the boot loader appealing to other operating system developers, Apple added features to allow flexibility in the booting process such as network boot using TFTP and load Mach-O and ELF formatted kernels. BootX can also boot from HFS, HFS+, UFS and ext2 formatted volumes. The boot loader can be manipulated at startup by holding down various key combinations to alter the booting process. Such functions include Verbose Mode, achieved by holding down the Command and V key at startup, which replaces the default Apple logo with text-based information on the boot process and Single User Mode, achieved by h |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotron%20Z1013 | The MRB Z 1013 () was an East German single-board computer produced by VEB Robotron Riesa, which was primarily intended for private use and educational institutions. It was powered by a U880 processor (a Z80 clone) and sold together with a membrane (flat foil) keyboard. Initially, the kit was equipped with 16 kilobytes of DRAM, which was later replaced by a 64 KB version.
The kits first became available for sale in 1985 and were distributed in a unique way at the time. To purchase it, buyers had to send a postcard to the Robotron shop in Erfurt and wait six to twelve months and then to pick the kits up in person.
The package contained the assembled and tested motherboard, a membrane keyboard, various small parts and detailed technical documentation. This basic kit was shipped without power supply or casing for the PCB. Most users tended to program the kit using the BASIC interpreter, which was loadable from compact cassette or by using a ROM cartridge. The BASIC interpreter contained a common core binary, which was identical across home computer models. In consequence, programs were widely compatible among different models of GDR-manufactured computers despite differences in capabilities.
Robotron was also the manufacturer of another line of computers, the Z 9001, KC 85/1 and KC 87, which shared some of the same expansion modules – offering more options also for Z 1013.
The expansion connector was based on the K 1520 bus standard for 8-bit computers made in GDR. This conformity to one standard across computers, ranging from tank-sized minicomputers to small home computers, allowed for reuse of hardware from all computers with the same bus interface. This meant that most hardware and binary code from one platform could be used across very different platforms and allowed for the sharing of resources.
This groundbreaking standardization was due to the need for common standards and compatibility between computers in the Eastern Bloc.
Opinion is divided over the widespread use and popularity of the MRB Z 1013 in the GDR. With a total of 25.000 kits sold over its lifetime from 1985 to mid-1990, it fared well in comparison to other models. However, some analysts put this success down to the relative ease of access to the kits compared to other computer offerings.
After all, key point for success was the simplistic makeup down to bare minimum. It is still debatable if it repelled potential users or actually lead to higher production volumes. Either way, demand and production kept kind of balance. To this extent, it was the only computer freely available for private purchase.
History
Despite the Cold War and the associated high-technology embargo CoCom, the government pushed for an ambitious program to keep up with international development in engineering and microelectronics. That generated huge interest among individuals who tried to develop electronics at work or at home aside from government's economic programs. In 1984, the first two lines of |
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