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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20lidar%20dataset | A national lidar dataset refers to a high-resolution lidar dataset comprising most—and ideally all—of a nation's terrain. Datasets of this type typically meet specified quality standards and are publicly available for free (or at nominal cost) in one or more uniform formats from government or academic sources. National LiDAR datasets are used primarily in topographic mapping, and also for forestry, urban and rural planning, recreational, environmental, engineering, and geological studies and planning, among others.
Countries with national lidar datasets either completed or in progress include:
See also
Digital elevation model
National Elevation Dataset
Remote sensing
Topography
Geographic data and information by country
Lidar |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosted%20Exchange | Hosted Exchange is a service in the telecommunications industry whereby a provider makes a Microsoft email box and space available on a server so its clients can host their data on the server. The provider manages the hosted data of its clients on the server. Clients can access their emails, address book, task management, and documents from different places and through various media. The e-mails are routed to a laptop or mobile phone through push technology.
The prerequisite for the use of this function is a Microsoft Exchange Server. These systems are available from various service providers including Microsoft itself with Exchange Server hosted as a service.
External links
Telecommunication services
Push technology
Email
Calendaring software |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Lidar%20Dataset%20%28United%20States%29 | Currently, the best source for nationwide LiDAR availability from public sources is the United States Interagency Elevation Inventory (USIEI). The USIEI is a collaborative effort of NOAA and the U.S. Geological Survey, with contributions from the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the Natural Resources Conservation Service, the US Army Corps of Engineers, and the National Park Service. The inventory displays high-accuracy topographic and bathymetric data for the US, and it's intended to be a comprehensive, nationwide listing of known high-accuracy topographic data, including lidar. The inventory is updated semi-annually. Note, however, that getting access to the data is often less than straightforward in the current implementation.
History: In the United States, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) was the lead agency coordinating efforts across multiple agencies towards a National LIDAR Dataset. The first meeting, a National LIDAR Initiative Strategy Meeting, was held at USGS headquarters in Reston, Virginia in February 2007. In May 2008 a second meeting was held, co-sponsored by USGS, NASA, and the AASG. In 2009, several sessions at the annual American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing meeting were devoted to this initiative.
The USGS website remains a central source for information about the national initiative, and it includes presentation materials from the various meetings about the subject. This site also discusses how the USGS incorporates LIDAR data into the National Elevation Dataset. In addition to USGS and NASA, numerous government agencies have indicated their interest in such a project, including National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA), the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), US Army Corps of Engineers, NOAA, and NRCS.
While there is consensus at a federal level supporting the creation of a National LIDAR Dataset, key aspects remain unresolved, including funding, data specifications, and the delineation of agency roles and responsibilities. While these issues are pending, the following states are among those moving forward with their own statewide LIDAR datasets:
Regardless of the degree of state coordination, some counties choose to handle (and control) high resolution LiDAR acquisition and distribution on their own. Such counties include:
References
Geographic data and information in the United States
Lidar |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Existence%20detection | Existence checking or existence detection is an important aspect of many computer programs. An existence check before reading a file can catch and/or prevent a fatal error, for instance. For that reason, most programming language libraries contain a means of checking whether a file exists.
An existence check can sometimes involve a "brute force" approach of checking all records for a given identifier, as in this Microsoft Excel Visual Basic for Applications code for detecting whether a worksheet exists:
Function SheetExists(sheetName As String) As Boolean
Dim sheetCount As Integer
Dim t As Integer
SheetExists = False
sheetCount = ActiveWorkbook.Sheets.Count
For t = 1 To sheetCount
If Sheets(t).Name = sheetName Then
SheetExists = True
Exit Function
End If
Next t
End Function
References
Computer programming |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bean%20Validation | Bean Validation defines a metadata model and API for JavaBean validation. The metadata source is annotations, with the ability to override and extend the meta-data through the use of XML validation descriptors.
Originally defined as part of Java EE, version 2 aims to work in Java SE apps as well.
Java Bean Validation (JSR 303) originated as a framework that was approved by the JCP as of 16 November 2009 and accepted as part of the Java EE 6 specification. The Hibernate team provides with Hibernate Validator the reference implementation of Bean Validation and also created the Bean Validation TCK any implementation of JSR 303 needs to pass.
Current Version
Bean Validation 2.0 is defined by JSR 380, approved 2017-07-31. This major release leverages language features in Java 8 that are very useful for the purposes of Bean Validation. So Java 8 is required as the minimum Java version.
Other changes include:
Support for validating container elements by annotating type arguments of parameterized types, e.g. List<@Positive Integer> positiveNumbers; this also includes:
More flexible cascaded validation of collection types; e.g. values and keys of maps can be validated now: Map<@Valid CustomerType, @Valid Customer> customersByType
Support for java.util.Optional
Support for the property types declared by JavaFX
Support for custom container types by plugging in additional value extractors
Support for the new date/time data types for @Past and @Future; fine-grained control over the current time and time zone used for validation
New built-in constraints: @Email, @NotEmpty, @NotBlank, @Positive, @PositiveOrZero, @Negative, @NegativeOrZero, @PastOrPresent and @FutureOrPresent
All built-in constraints are marked as repeatable now
Parameter names are retrieved using reflection
ConstraintValidator#initialize() is a default method
The namespace for Bean Validation XML descriptors has been changed to http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/validation/configuration for META- INF/validation.xml and http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/validation/mapping for constraint mapping files
Previous Version
Bean Validation 1.1 (JSR 349) improves upon the initial version 1.0 (JSR 303). Significant changes include:
Validation of method arguments and return value
Dependency Injection
More open process in developing the specification
Final release of the 1.1 specification occurred 2013-05-24.
References
Further reading
Open development work of JSR 303, 349, & 380
Video of presentation at Devoxx, *Bean Validation 2.0 - you’ve put your annotations everywhere! by Gunnar Morling*
Interview with Spec Lead Emmanuel Bernard
JSR 303 Page
Hibernate Validator
Bean Validation TCK documentation
How to run the Bean Validation TCK
Java specification requests |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickelodeon%20Global | Nickelodeon Global is a specialized children's TV channel, which is the international version of the American Nickelodeon channel. Operated by Paramount Networks EMEAA.
History
Nickelodeon Export
Since the late 1980s, many European countries have hosted the American version of the channel. So in the USSR in 1988, when the heads of MTV Networks Europe came to register MTV Europe, Nickelodeon became available without translation in Russia.
Following the penetration strategy that was used in 1987 when the company launched MTV Europe, paramount decided not to bring an independent Nickelodeon to Europe in order to minimize risks and distribution potential. On 1 September 1993, Nickelodeon UK was launched, and this version was subsequently distributed throughout Europe.
Nickelodeon Global
The current pan-European channel was officially launched on 15 November 1998 under the name Nickelodeon Europe, broadcasting was carried out around the clock.
From 1998 to 2000, Nickelodeon Europe was launched in Malta, Romania and Hungary.
In the early 2000s, 4 blocks were added, such as: Nick Movies, Toons on Toast, Nick Zone and Nick Double.
In 2004, the channel expanded to the rest of Eastern Europe, broadcasting in Russian, and from May 2004 to September 2012, Nickelodeon Europe was used as the main TV channel in the CIS and Baltic countries
From 2008 to 2012, the channel periodically experienced failures on the air, including with a sound track, as a result of which animated series in English were released for some time period. During the same period, the promo texts were removed.
On 14 February 2010, a new corporate identity and logo was introduced, identical to others around the world, as well as a new design. In the same year, the TV channel began broadcasting under a Czech license, since minimum broadcasting rules apply in the Czech Republic, it was chosen for licensing purposes in the EU. The broadcasting center is still located in London.
During 2010-2013, Nickelodeon Europe expanded to the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Croatia, Slovenia, Bulgaria and Serbia.
On 17 September 2011, Nickelodeon switched to widescreen broadcasting (16:9). On 4 October 2011, Nickelodeon Europe switched to HD format. This TV channel in some countries, including the CIS, is referred to as Nickelodeon HD.
In 2013, Amsterdam took over the programming of the TV channel.
In October 2017, audio tracks in Lithuanian, Latvian and Estonian were added for the Baltic States
On 31 August 2021, Nickelodeon Europe was renamed to Nickelodeon Global, now the channel can serve 85 countries of the world. Nickelodeon Global retains the Czech license (RRTV) in order to ensure the continuation of legal broadcasting in the European Union in accordance with the EU Audiovisual Media Services Directive (AVMSD) and the Single Market Law after the UK leaves the European Union.
On 5 April 2022, a Kazakh-language audio track was added for Kazakhstan.
From December 2022, Nickelodeon Global is ag |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickelodeon%20%28Sub-Saharan%20African%20TV%20channel%29 | Nickelodeon (commonly shortened as Nick) is a South African 24-hour television channel owned by Paramount Networks EMEAA. The channel was launched on July 1, 2008. North Africa receives the Arabic-language version of the channel Nickelodeon MENA.
Unlike other Nickelodeon feeds and much like the German and Dutch feeds, the end credits on shows (except on interstitial shows) never appear. They were replaced by short credits including the show name, production year and production company and much like the European feed, the promos and bumpers do not contain any text other than the Nickelodeon logo (prior to 2023 in the case of promos). This is also includes Nick Jr. since it launched on Nicktoons since 2021.
History
Before it was a channel, it was a block on the South African children's channel KTV and Koowee. Nickelodeon was launched as a channel on July 1, 2008. In 2012, it received new bumpers, promo, and continuity. Later in 2014, Nicktoons was launched as a replacement for the discontinued Kidsco alongside Nick Jr., another channel from Viacom (now Paramount). Nick Jr and Nicktoons share the same website as Nickelodeon until Nick Jr. launched its own website.
In June 2017, the Kenya Film Classification Board (KCFB), headed by CEO Ezekiel Mutua, ordered a ban on six cartoons airing on Cartoon Network Africa, Nickelodeon Africa and Nicktoons Africa for allegedly promoting LGBT themes to minors. The shows affected are the currently-running Cartoon Network shows Adventure Time, Clarence and Steven Universe, in addition to the already ended Nickelodeon shows Hey Arnold! and The Legend of Korra, and the currently running Nickelodeon cartoon The Loud House, although The Loud House returned to Nicktoons Africa in late 2021, similar to that of Cartoon Network Africa with Adventure Time and Disney Channel Africa with The Owl House.
In 2018, Viacom merged official websites of Southeast Asian, Middle Eastern and African versions of Nickelodeon into nick.tv. Along the way Nickelodeon adapted two feeds with the South African feed airing series banned from the channel such as The Loud House and Bubble Guppies.
On March 5, 2019, Nickelodeon (South Africa only) along with Comedy Central, BET, MTV and MTV Base were available in HD on DStv. The Nickelodeon channel in South Africa has a separate feed from the rest of Africa, with different programming and schedule.
In 2020, the channel relaunched its Nick Jr programming block, airing from 5 a.m (CAT) to 7 a.m (CAT) daily (previously 5 a.m (CAT) to 6:30 a.m (CAT) on weekdays and 5 a.m (CAT) to 7:00 a.m (CAT) on weekends). However, the block is not available on the South African feed.
On May 17, 2021, NickMusic was launched as a TV program on NickToons, airing on weekdays at 4 p.m.(CAT).
In July 2022, Nickelodeon was made available on Startimes ON in selected countries as a supplement of DreamWorks Channel which was removed from StarTimes and StarSat on February 17, 2022, and relaunched on DStv on March 18, |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft%20Binary%20Format | In computing, Microsoft Binary Format (MBF) is a format for floating-point numbers which was used in Microsoft's BASIC languages, including MBASIC, GW-BASIC and QuickBASIC prior to version 4.00.
There are two main versions of the format. The original version was designed for memory-constrained systems and stored numbers in 32 bits (4 bytes), with a 23-bit mantissa, 1-bit sign, and an 8-bit exponent. Extended (12k) BASIC included a double-precision type with 64 bits.
During the period when it was being ported from the Intel 8080 platform to the MOS 6502 processor, computers were beginning to ship with more memory as a standard feature. This version was offered with the original 32-bit format or an optional expanded 40-bit (5-byte) format. The 40-bit format was used by most home computers of the 1970s and 1980s. These two versions are sometimes known as "6-digit" and "9-digit", respectively.
On PCs with x86 processor, QuickBASIC, prior to version 4, reintroduced the double-precision format using a 55-bit mantissa in a 64-bit (8-byte) format. MBF was abandoned during the move to QuickBASIC 4, which used the standard IEEE 754 format, introduced a few years earlier.
History
Bill Gates and Paul Allen were working on Altair BASIC in 1975. They were developing the software at Harvard University on a DEC PDP-10 running their Altair emulator. One thing they lacked was code to handle floating-point numbers, required to support calculations with very big and very small numbers, which would be particularly useful for science and engineering. One of the proposed uses of the Altair was as a scientific calculator.
At a dinner at Currier House, an undergraduate residential house at Harvard, Gates and Allen complained to their dinner companions that they had to write this code and one of them, Monte Davidoff, told them that he had written floating-point routines before and convinced Gates and Allen that he was capable of writing the Altair BASIC floating-point code. At the time, while IBM had introduced their own programs, there was no standard for floating-point numbers, so Davidoff had to come up with his own. He decided that 32 bits would allow enough range and precision. When Allen had to demonstrate it to MITS, it was the first time it ran on an actual Altair. But it worked, and when he entered ‘PRINT 2+2’, Davidoff's adding routine gave the correct answer.
A copy of the source code for Altair BASIC resurfaced in 1999. In the late 1970s, Gates's former tutor and dean Harry Lewis had found it behind some furniture in an office in Aiden, and put it in a file cabinet. After more or less forgetting about its existence for a long time, Lewis eventually came up with the idea of displaying the listing in the lobby. Instead, it was decided on preserving the original listing and producing several copies for display and preservation, after librarian and conservator Janice Merrill-Oldham pointed out its importance. A comment in the source credits Davidoff as the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shmuel%20Gal | Shmuel Gal (, born 1940) is a mathematician and professor of statistics at the University of Haifa in Israel.
He devised the Gal's accurate tables method for the computer evaluation of elementary functions. With Zvi Yehudai he developed in 1993 a new algorithm for sorting which is used by IBM.
Gal has solved the Princess and monster game and made several significant contributions to the area of search games.
He has been working on rendezvous problems with his collaborative colleagues Steve Alpern, Vic Baston, and John Howard.
Gal received a Ph.D. in mathematics from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. His thesis advisor was Aryeh Dvoretzky.
References
External links
{https://sites.google.com/edu.haifa.ac.il/sgal/home }
Game theorists
Hebrew University of Jerusalem alumni
Israeli mathematicians
Israeli operations researchers
Academic staff of the University of Haifa
Jewish systems scientists
Living people
1940 births |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20York%20Foundation%20for%20the%20Arts | The New York Foundation for the Arts (NYFA) is an independent 501(c)(3) charity, funded through government, foundation, corporate, and individual support, established in 1971. It is part of a network of national not-for-profit arts organizations founded to support individual artists and emerging arts organizations, with a mission to "empower artists in all disciplines at critical stages in their creative lives."
History
NYFA was founded in 1971 by the New York State Council on the Arts as an independent organization to facilitate the development of arts activities throughout the State. NYFA has since expanded their programming around the country and internationally focusing on four core program areas: Artists' Fellowships, Fiscal Sponsorship, Professional Development, and Online Resources. As of 2021, the Executive Director is Michael Royce, who succeeded long time leader Ted Berger.
Notable artists
Artists who have received support from NYFA early on in their careers include Spike Lee, David Hammons, Meredith Monk, Julie Taymor, E.V. Day, George Ranalli, Suzan-Lori Parks, Jennifer Egan, Tony Kushner, Andres Serrano, Juan Gonzalez, Todd Haynes, Boryana Rossa, Lisa Park, Ina Norris, Flavio Alves, Catherine Lacey, Trisha Brown, Norman Rush, Lynne Sharon Schwartz, Sherrie Levine, Jackson Mac Low, Lynne Tillman, Shilpa Ananth, and other visual artists, writers, choreographers, architects, filmmakers, and inter-disciplinary artists. In 2011, NYFA established the NYFA Hall of Fame to honor patrons of the arts and notable artists who have received NYFA's support.
References
External links
1971 establishments in New York (state)
Arts foundations based in the United States
Arts organizations based in New York City
Arts organizations established in 1971 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Access%20stratum | The access stratum (AS) in computer networking and telecommunications is a functional layer in the UMTS and LTE wireless telecom protocol stacks between radio network and user equipment.
While the definition of the access stratum is very different between UMTS and LTE, in both cases the access stratum is responsible for transporting data over the wireless connection and managing radio resources. The radio network is also called access network.
+- - - - - -+ +- - - - - - -+
| HTTP | | Application |
+- - - - - -+ +- - - - - - -+
| TCP | | Transport |
+- - - - - -+ +- - - - - - -+
| IP | | Internet |
+- - - - - -+ +- - - - - - -+
| NAS | | Network |
+- - - - - -+ +- - - - - - -+
| AS | | Link |
+- - - - - -+ +- - - - - - -+
| Channels | | Physical |
+- - - - - -+ +- - - - - - -+
See also
Mobility Management
GSM
Communication protocol
Internet protocol suite
X.25 protocol suite
OSI protocol suite
References
Mobile technology
Network protocols
ko:Non Access Stratum |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypselodoris%20apolegma | Hypselodoris apolegma is a species of colourful sea slug or dorid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Chromodorididae.
Taxonomic history
Recent phylogenetic data confirm the validity of the species and suggest a sister species relationship between Hypselodoris apolegma and Hypselodoris bullockii. A later study revealed a large clade of animals with similar colouration with Hypselodoris brycei as sister species to H. apolegma.
Distribution
This nudibranch is found in the tropical Western Pacific Ocean.
References
External links
Chromodorididae
Gastropods described in 2001 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orak | Orak may refer to:
A fictional computer in Rogue Planet, a Dan Dare story
One of the Rabbit Islands
An islet in Kayangel atoll
See also
Orak Island (disambiguation)
Orac (disambiguation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl%20Mears | Carl Mears is a Senior Scientist, at Remote Sensing Systems, since 1998. He has worked on validation of SSM/I derived winds, and rain-flagging algorithm for the QuikScat scatterometer. He is best known for his work with Frank Wentz in developing a satellite temperature record from MSU and AMSU. Intercomparison of this record with the earlier UAH satellite temperature record, developed by John Christy and Roy Spencer, revealed deficiencies in the earlier work; specifically, the warming trend in the RSS version is larger than the UAH one.
Mears was a major contributor to Temperature Trends in the Lower Atmosphere: Steps for Understanding and Reconciling Differences, the first released report from the US Climate Change Science Program. He also contributed to the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report Working Group one report, Climate Change 2007 - The Physical Science Basis.
Education
B.S. in physics from the University of Washington (1985)
PhD. in physics from the University of California, Berkeley (1991)
Service
convening lead author for the U.S. Climate Change Science Program Synthesis and Assessment product 1.1
contributing author to the IPCC 4th assessment report, chapter 3 Observations: Surface and Atmospheric Climate Change .
member of the Global Climate Observing System Working Group on Atmospheric Reference Observations
member of the WCRP Stratospheric Trends Working Group, part of the Stratospheric Processes And their Role in Climate (SPARC) project.
Selected publications
Mears, C. A. and F. J. Wentz, (2009) Construction of the Remote Sensing Systems V3.2 Atmospheric Temperature Records From the MSU and AMSU Microwave Sounders, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, published online, .
Mears, C. A. and F. J. Wentz, (2005) The Effect of Diurnal Correction on Satellite-Derived Lower Tropospheric Temperature, , Science, 309, 1548–1551.
Mears, C. A., M. C. Schabel and F. J. Wentz, (2003) A Reanalysis of the MSU Channel 2 Tropospheric Temperature Record, Journal of Climate, 16(22), 3650–3664.
Santer, B. D., T. M. L. Wigley, C. A. Mears, F. J. Wentz, S. A. Klein, D. J. Seidel, K. E. Taylor, P. W. Thorne, M. F. Wehner, P. J. Gleckler, J. S. Boyle, W. D. Collins, K. W. Dixon, C. Doutriaux, M. Free, Q. Fu, J. E. Hansen, G. S. Jones, R. Ruedy, T. R. Karl, J. R. Lanzante, G. A. Meehl, V. Ramaswamy, G. Russell and G. A. Schmidt, (2005) Amplification of Surface Temperature Trends and Variability in the Tropical Atmosphere, Science, 309(5740), 1511–1556.
References
Living people
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change contributing authors
University of California, Berkeley alumni
University of Washington College of Arts and Sciences alumni
Year of birth missing (living people) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Networked%20Robotics%20Corporation | Networked Robotics Corporation is an American scientific automation company that designs and manufactures electronic devices that monitor scientific instruments, scientific processes, and environmental conditions via the internet.
Networked Robotics is an Illinois company but is now based largely out of Pleasanton, California, the company is focused on the collection and integration of scientific data from FDA-regulated sources such as freezers, incubators, liquid nitrogen cryopreservation freezers, rooms, shakers, clean rooms, and scales. Monitored parameters include temperature, gas concentrations, liquid levels, voltages, pressure, rotation, humidity, weight, and many others.
Scientific instruments speak different data languages. The company integrates data collection by using unique network hardware that speaks the unique digital and electronic languages of scientific instruments and sensors from different vendors and converting those individual languages to a common one on the network. Networked Robotics produces their own line of digital sensors for scientific data sources where digital outputs are not available.
The company can be considered to be an Internet of Things provider.
Networked Robotics technology is used in the biotechnologies industry—including stem cell automation, medical industry, academia, food industry in efforts to enhance U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulatory compliance, quality, and loss prevention for their operations.
The company sells a series of proprietary hardware products for network data collection. The NTMS4 networking hardware is their flagship product which serves as a data collection and "automation hub". The company's data collection and monitoring software, the Tempurity™ System, is free to customers. The company also provides regulatory services for companies that are performing regulated, especially FDA-regulated scientific research.
History
Networked Robotics was founded in 2004 at the Northwestern University Technology Innovation Center by ex-Pfizer informatics researchers. The company's founders worked for almost 20 years in the automation of scientific processes for G.D. Searle & Company, Monsanto, Pharmacia, and Pfizer where they were responsible for the automation of experiments in inflammation. Businessman Charles W. Woodford was a founding board member.
In 2006, Networked Robotics announced the introduction of Tempurity™, a network-based, real-time temperature monitoring system, designed to collect temperatures over a wide area network. Tempurity includes an alarm system in which a user is notified by phone, text messaging, or e-mail when the area or device to be monitored falls outside of a set environmental range. The software was developed to meet FDA standards and works with rooms, ovens, incubators, refrigerators, freezers and commercial ultra low temperature freezers.
In 2019 the company moved from Evanston, Illinois to Pleasanton, California.
Information
In 2005, |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle%20mile | In the broadband Internet industry, the "middle mile" is the segment of a telecommunications network linking a network operator's core network to the local network plant, typically situated in the incumbent telco's central office (British English: telephone exchange) that provides access to the local loop, or in the case of cable television operators, the local cable modem termination system. This includes both the backhaul network to the nearest aggregation point, and any other parts of the network needed to connect the aggregation point to the nearest point of presence on the operator's core network. The term middle mile arose to distinguish this part of the network from the last mile, which means the local links which provide service to the retail customer or end user, such as the local telephone lines from the telephone exchange or the coaxial cables from which connect to the customer's equipment.
Middle-mile provision is a major issue in reducing the price of broadband Internet provision by non-incumbent operators. Internet bandwidth is relatively inexpensive to purchase in bulk at the major Internet peering points, and access to end-customer ports in the incumbent operator's local distribution plant (typically where local loop unbundling is mandated by a telecom regulator) are also relatively inexpensive relative to typical broadband subscription costs.
However, middle-mile access, where bought from the incumbent operator, is often much more expensive than either, and typically forms the major expense of non-incumbent broadband ISPs. The alternative, building out their own fibre networks, is capital-intensive, and thus unavailable to most new operators. For this reason, many proposals for government broadband stimulus initiatives are directed at building out the middle mile. Two examples are the Network New Hampshire Now and Maine Fiber Company in the Northeast US, both funded largely by the National Broadband Plan (United States) to connect all community anchor institutions.
Open access initiatives such as duct sharing, utility pole sharing, and fiber unbundling are also being tried by regulators as mechanisms to ease the middle mile problem by reducing costs to non-incumbents. This sometimes leads to controversies, such as the NRECA opposition to pole attachment tariff changes motivated by the US plan.
Middle-mile, in logistics, coincides with its etymological meaning in the telecommunication network space. The "middle mile" refers to the stage before the last leg i.e., the "last mile" of any supply chain, wherein goods are hauled from a supplier's warehouse, shipper's production facility to a retail store.
See also
Forced access regulation
Last mile
Local loop unbundling
Open access (infrastructure)
References
External links
Broadband stimulus fund applicants sharpen their proposals for the second round
Global Crossing: Stimulus Must Include Middle Mile
Fighting AT&T, Verizon's chokehold on "middle mile"
Big Broadb |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little%20Brothers%20%E2%80%93%20Friends%20of%20the%20Elderly | Little Brothers – Friends of the Elderly is a network of non-profit, volunteer-based organizations located in the United States that are committed to relieving isolation and loneliness among the elderly. Little Brothers – Friends of the Elderly is a member of the International Federation of Little Brothers of the Poor (French: Fédération Internationale des petits frères des Pauvres) with sister organizations in France, Germany, Poland, Switzerland, Spain, Ireland, the United States of America and Canada. The American organization was founded 1959 following the French chapter in 1946 by Armand Marquiset.
References
External links
Official Website of the Little Brothers in the USA
Non-profit organizations based in the United States
Gerontology organizations
de:Les petits frères des Pauvres
fr:Petits frères des Pauvres |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbie%20in%20A%20Mermaid%20Tale | Barbie in A Mermaid Tale is a 2010 computer-animated adventure film directed by Adam L. Wood and produced by Mattel Entertainment with Rainmaker Entertainment. It was released to DVD on March 9, 2010, and later made its television premiere on Nickelodeon on April 4, 2010. The seventeenth entry in the Barbie film series, it was followed by a 2012 sequel, Barbie in A Mermaid Tale 2. It revolves around Merliah Summers, a surfing champion who learns she is half-mermaid and sets out for an undersea adventure to rescue her mother, the queen of an ocean kingdom.
Official description
"Barbie stars as Merliah, a surfing champion from Malibu. One minute she's a normal teenager and the next she learns a shocking family secret: she's a mermaid! Merliah and her dolphin friend Zuma set off on an undersea adventure to rescue her mother, the queen of Oceana. With help from her new mermaid friends, Merliah saves the ocean kingdom. In the end, she discovers what makes you different can also be your greatest strength."
Plot
Merliah Summers (played by Barbie) is a young, up-and-coming surfing star in Malibu. While participating in a competition, Merliah loses concentration when her hair spontaneously gains pink streaks, causing her to wipe out. While underwater, she discovers that she is able to breathe, and is approached by a talking, pink bottlenose dolphin named Zuma. Shocked by this turn of events, Merliah tells her grandfather Break what happened. Break explains that Merliah's mother is a mermaid and that Merliah was given to Break as a baby to raise because she was born with legs. Merliah leaves in disbelief.
After telling her friends Fallon and Hadley the story, Zuma appears to the girls, confirming that Merliah is half-mermaid. Zuma explains to Merliah that her mother is Calissa, the previous queen of the underwater kingdom of Oceana. Oceana's current queen, Eris, Calissa's sister, is a tyrant who took the throne when Calissa went missing years earlier; Zuma hopes that Merliah will claim her birthright and usurp Eris. Merliah refuses, and in her anger throws the necklace she'd been wearing since she was an infant. The smashed pendant reveals a magical image of Calissa, confirming that she is alive. Merliah agrees to go to Oceana in the hopes that Calissa can make her normal again.
On the way to Oceana, Zuma explains that the ocean is weakening due to Eris being unskilled at spinning Merillia—a magical substance that sustains the ocean. Merliah and Zuma sneak into Oceana during an Eris festival, wherein Eris distributes Merillia in exchange for the citizens' adoration. In reality, the Merillia is spun by Calissa, who is imprisoned in the palace dungeon.
With the help of mermaids Kayla and Xylie, Merliah's legs are disguised with a fake tail. The group visit the Destinies, three mermaids with prophetic powers. The Destinies tell Merliah that she needs to collect three items to succeed in overthrowing Eris: the Celestial Comb, a Dreamfish, and Eris' prote |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samsung%20Slash | Samsung Slash was a cell phone made by Samsung for prepaid customers on the Virgin Mobile network in the USA. The phone has a slider form factor and was released in 2008.
Features
Other features include:
32MB of memory shared between pictures, applications, games and ring tones
Bluetooth
Full-color screen
Mobile Web
Speakerphone
499 contact entries
Spanish-language user interface for Spanish-speaking customers
Paid content portal called VirginXL to buy various user interface customizations
Text messaging
Voice dialing
Reviews
Reaction to the phone differed. Info Sync World said the phone had "a low-end feel", giving it a score of 35%. CNet scored it 3/5 (meaning "good") and said "The Samsung Slash is a decent entry-level phone with a few extra features that put it just above a basic handset."
References
External links
Entry on PhoneArena
Entry on About.com
Review on ZDNet
Virgin Mobile
Samsung mobile phones
Mobile phones introduced in 2008 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D.%20J.%20Cotrona | Donald Joseph Cotrona (born May 23, 1980) is an American actor, known for his role in the film G.I. Joe: Retaliation (2013) and as Seth Gecko in the El Rey Network horror television series From Dusk till Dawn. He was cast as Pedro Peña in the DC Extended Universe film Shazam! and returned for the role in the 2023 sequel.
Early life
Cotrona was born in New Haven, Connecticut. His mother, Sheree, is a teacher, and his father, Donald, works for a recycling company. Cotrona has partial Italian ancestry. He began studying to be a lawyer at Northeastern University in Boston, but after doing a summer internship at a law firm, he realized that he did not like working with lawyers. In his sophomore year, he switched to acting. During his spring break, he went to visit a friend in Los Angeles and never returned to college.
Career
After a few guest-starring roles, Cotrona was considered for the role of Ryan Atwood on the television series The O.C. but that role went to Ben McKenzie. Shortly after that, Cotrona was cast as the male lead in another of Fox's new dramas of 2003, Skin, produced by the Jerry Bruckheimer. Cotrona played Adam Roam, the son of the Los Angeles District Attorney. His character becomes involved with Jewel Goldman (Olivia Wilde), whose father runs a pornography company. With their fathers' feud looming over them, they pursue a "Romeo and Juliet" relationship. Skin was cancelled after three episodes aired, due to poor ratings and the controversial story lines. All eight episodes of the series were shown on SOAPnet in 2005.
Cotrona appeared in the 2005 horror film Venom, which was directed by Jim Gillespie. Cotrona also starred in the 2006 Slamdance Film Festival film Love is the Drug.
In 2005, Cotrona again landed a lead role in a TV series, playing Sean Mathers, a flower shop worker with a dark past who is one of a group of lottery winners, in the NBC series Windfall. The series was shown in the summer of 2006 rather than as a mid-season replacement for the 2005-06 TV season.
Cotrona was cast in the role of Superman for Warner Bros.' planned film Justice League: Mortal, but after issues resulting from the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike and other production concerns, the film was cancelled.
In 2010, Cotrona appeared in the film Dear John. In February he was cast as Detective John Stone in the ABC pilot 187 Detroit, which also stars Michael Imperioli, Shaun Majumder, and Erin Cummings among others. When ABC ordered the series it was renamed Detroit 1-8-7. His character was killed in "Stone Cold", the sixteenth episode of the series.
Cotrona played Flint, one of the leading roles, in the sequel G.I. Joe: Retaliation (2013).
In March 2014, the horror television series From Dusk till Dawn developed by Robert Rodriguez based on his own cult horror film of the same title, was aired on the newly launched El Rey Network. Cotrona played Seth Gecko in the series, being a member of the main cast until the series ended in 2016.
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogwoman | Dogwoman is a series of Australian television telemovies screened on the Nine Network in 2000. The telemovies were created by and starred Magda Szubanski as Margaret O'Halloran. Margaret, a professional dog trainer, is drawn into a world of mystery, intrigue, and murder, which lies beneath the surface of dog-owners. Tara Morice played her sister Pauline O'Halloran and Raj Ryan played her boyfriend Brian Jayasinghe.
The telemovies were produced by Beyond Simpson Le Mesurier, who also produced such series as Halifax f.p. and Stingers.
Titles
There were three telemovies produced in the series:
Dogwoman: The Legend of Dogwoman
Dogwoman: A Grrrl's Best Friend
Dogwoman: Dead Dog Walking
Cast
Magda Szubanski as Margaret O'Halloran
Tara Morice as Pauline O'Halloran
Raj Ryan as Brian Jayasinghe
Guests
Alison Whyte as Jacinta Davies
Susie Dee as Lorraine O'Halloran
Frank Magree as Ray Davies
Leo Taylor as Arthur O'Halloran
Paul Gleeson as Don Groom
Andrew Blackman as Mac (Paul) McDonald
Tiriel Mora as Supt. Gary Brodziak
Alicia Gardiner as Varna O'Halloran
Simon Lyndon as Matt Hayduke
Sandy Winton as Jeremy Maitland
Anthony Simcoe as Andrew Bell
Anne Phelan as Joan Jarvis
Gandhi Macintyre as Mr Jayosinghe
Arianthe Galani as Mrs Jayosinghe
Mark Mitchell as Prologue Narrator
See also
List of Australian television series
References
2000 Australian television series debuts
2000 Australian television series endings
2000s Australian drama television series
Television shows set in Victoria (state) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew%20McPhillips | Andrew McPhillips is a British film director and computer graphics supervisor.
Film career
Andrew has a background in film and photography. His professional experience includes a five-year stint at PDI/DreamWorks, where he worked on films such as Shrek 2, Minority Report and Artificial Intelligence: AI. More recently, he's been working as a Computer Graphics Supervisor at animation studios such as Sony Picture Imageworks, Method Studios, The Moving Picture Company, Toonbox Entertainment and LAIKA, working on a number of films including The Maze Runner, Hotel Transylvania 2 and The Great Gatsby.
His short film Blood Will Tell was invited to World Première at the 2007 Toronto International Film Festival. The short film had a lot of success in the festival circuit, eventually winning the coveted, Grand Jury Award at Slamdance Film Festival.
The year long festival screenings culminated in Blood Will Tell being selected for a prestigious four week, exclusive run at the IFC Film Center in New York. Held in Park City, Utah. He received a $2,500 credit at Filmworks/FX for winning the Slamdance Grand Jury award.
References
External links
Facebook
Interviews
New waves in animation
Interview
English film directors
British film directors
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Failure%20detector | In a distributed computing system, a failure detector is a computer application or a subsystem that is responsible for the detection of node failures or crashes. Failure detectors were first introduced in 1996 by Chandra and Toueg in their book Unreliable Failure Detectors for Reliable Distributed Systems. The book depicts the failure detector as a tool to improve consensus (the achievement of reliability) and atomic broadcast (the same sequence of messages) in the distributed system. In other words, failure detectors seek errors in the process, and the system will maintain a level of reliability. In practice, after failure detectors spot crashes, the system will ban the processes that are making mistakes to prevent any further serious crashes or errors.
In the 21st century, failure detectors are widely used in distributed computing systems to detect application errors, such as a software application stops functioning properly. As the distributed computing projects (see List of distributed computing projects) become more and more popular, the usage of the failure detects also becomes important and critical.
Origin
Unreliable failure detector
Chandra and Toueg, the co-authors of the book Unreliable Failure Detectors for Reliable Distributed Systems (1996), approached the concept of detecting failure nodes by introducing the unreliable failure detector. They describe the behavior of a unreliable failure detector in a distributed computing system as: after each process in the system entered a local failure detector component, each local component will examine a portion of all processes within the system. In addition, each process must also contain programs that are currently suspected by failure detectors.
Failure detector
Chandra and Toueg claimed that an unreliable failure detector can still be reliable in detecting the errors made by the system. They generalize unreliable failure detectors to all forms of failure detectors because unreliable failure detectors and failure detectors share the same properties. Furthermore, Chandra and Toueg point out an important fact that the failure detector does not prevent any crashes in the system, even if the crashed program has been suspected previously. The construction of a failure detector is an essential, but a very difficult problem that occurred in the development of the fault-tolerant component in a distributed computer system. As a result, the failure detector was invented because of the need for detecting errors in the massive information transaction in distributed computing systems.
Properties
The classes of failure detectors are distinguished by two important properties: completeness and accuracy. Completeness means that the failure detectors would find the programs that finally crashed in a process, whereas accuracy means that correct decisions that the failure detectors made in a process.
Degrees of completeness
The degrees of completeness depend on the number of crashed process is sus |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhu%20Min | Zhu Min or Min Zhu may refer to:
Zhu Min (economist) (born 1952), Chinese economist
Min Zhu (entrepreneur) (born 1948), Chinese-born American computer scientist, entrepreneur, and philanthropist
Zhu Min (fencer) (born 1988), Chinese sabre fencer
Zhu Min (Russian language professor) (1926–2009), Chinese professor and daughter of Zhu De
See also
Zhu (surname)
Democracy#Translation which discusses the word 民主 mínzhǔ (reverse of "Zhu Min") |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer%21Totaal | Computer!Totaal, conveniently abbreviated as C!T, is a Dutch monthly magazine about computers and related subjects. It is the largest computer magazine of the Netherlands.
History and profile
Originally, C!T was the newsletter of the Hobby Computer Club (HCC) and was called HCC Nieuwsbrief. The magazine was started in 1977. It was renamed to the current name in 1992. On 1 October 2008, IDG and HCC terminated their co-operation. From that date onwards, HCC membership and the HCC Nieuwsbrief subscription were no longer linked.
C!T is published by IDG Nederland and part of IDG's PC World product line.
See also
Personal Computer Magazine, another Dutch computer magazine, published by HUB Uitgevers.
PC World (magazine), international equivalent published by IDG (also available in a Dutch edition).
Notes
References
External links
IDG: Computer!Totaal, PC World Belgium
ADSL!Totaal website
Press release about the ADSL!Totaal launch
1977 establishments in the Netherlands
Computer magazines published in the Netherlands
Dutch-language magazines
Monthly magazines published in the Netherlands
International Data Group
Magazines established in 1977 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PageRank | PageRank (PR) is an algorithm used by Google Search to rank web pages in their search engine results. It is named after both the term "web page" and co-founder Larry Page. PageRank is a way of measuring the importance of website pages. According to Google: Currently, PageRank is not the only algorithm used by Google to order search results, but it is the first algorithm that was used by the company, and it is the best known. As of September 24, 2019, all patents associated with PageRank have expired.
Description
PageRank is a link analysis algorithm and it assigns a numerical weighting to each element of a hyperlinked set of documents, such as the World Wide Web, with the purpose of "measuring" its relative importance within the set. The algorithm may be applied to any collection of entities with reciprocal quotations and references. The numerical weight that it assigns to any given element E is referred to as the PageRank of E and denoted by
A PageRank results from a mathematical algorithm based on the webgraph, created by all World Wide Web pages as nodes and hyperlinks as edges, taking into consideration authority hubs such as cnn.com or mayoclinic.org. The rank value indicates an importance of a particular page. A hyperlink to a page counts as a vote of support. The PageRank of a page is defined recursively and depends on the number and PageRank metric of all pages that link to it ("incoming links"). A page that is linked to by many pages with high PageRank receives a high rank itself.
Numerous academic papers concerning PageRank have been published since Page and Brin's original paper. In practice, the PageRank concept may be vulnerable to manipulation. Research has been conducted into identifying falsely influenced PageRank rankings. The goal is to find an effective means of ignoring links from documents with falsely influenced PageRank.
Other link-based ranking algorithms for Web pages include the HITS algorithm invented by Jon Kleinberg (used by Teoma and now Ask.com), the IBM CLEVER project, the TrustRank algorithm, the Hummingbird algorithm,and the SALSA algorithm.
History
The eigenvalue problem behind PageRank's algorithm was independently rediscovered and reused in many scoring problems. In 1895, Edmund Landau suggested using it for determining the winner of a chess tournament. The eigenvalue problem was also suggested in 1976 by Gabriel Pinski and Francis Narin, who worked on scientometrics ranking scientific journals, in 1977 by Thomas Saaty in his concept of Analytic Hierarchy Process which weighted alternative choices, and in 1995 by Bradley Love and Steven Sloman as a cognitive model for concepts, the centrality algorithm.
A search engine called "RankDex" from IDD Information Services, designed by Robin Li in 1996, developed a strategy for site-scoring and page-ranking. Li referred to his search mechanism as "link analysis," which involved ranking the popularity of a web site based on how many other sites had linked to it |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BDII | The BDII, which stands for Berkeley Database Information Index, is an information system for Grid Computing infrastructures. It consists of a standard LDAP server which is updated by an external process. The update process obtains LDIF from a number of sources and merges them. It then compares this to the contents of the database and creates an LDIF file of the differences. This is then used to update the database.
It uses an LDAP implementation of the Grid Laboratory Uniform Environment data model.
The BDII was originally developed as part of the European DataGrid project.
See also
Grid Computing
Grid Laboratory Uniform Environment
LDAP
CERN
References
External links
European Middleware Initiative
Servers (computing) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Party%20Pilipinas | Party () is a Philippine television variety show broadcast by GMA Network. Hosted by Regine Velasquez, Ogie Alcasid, Jaya and Janno Gibbs, it premiered on March 28, 2010, replacing SOP. The show concluded on May 19, 2013, with a total of 160 episodes. It was replaced by Sunday All Stars in its timeslot.
History
Party Pilipinas was conceptualized as an "all-party and all-positive vibes" show, according to the Corporate Communications Department of GMA Network and the show's new production manager, Ruth Mariñas.
The hosts of SOP, Regine Velasquez, Ogie Alcasid, Janno Gibbs, and Jaya joined the show, along with Kyla, Jay-R, and La Diva. In addition, Rachelle Ann Go and Mark Bautista also joined the show.
Louie Ignacio left the show on April 25, 2010. Headwriter Rommel Gacho became the show's temporary director from May 2–23 before management named Mark A. Reyes and Rico Gutierrez as the show's permanent replacements for Ignacio.
On June 20, 2010, the program created a history in Philippine TV history as it became the first show to air in 3D.
The show also became witness to some of engagements in the Philippines' show business. Alcasid and Velasquez announced their wedding engagement during their August 8, 2010, episode. Velasquez also had her pre-nuptial message and confirmation of pregnancy in the show.
On March 27, 2011, the show celebrated its first anniversary, having a simultaneous live performances in four key cities in the Philippines: Manila (GMA Studio 7), Baguio (Melvin Jones Grandstand), Davao City (Rizal Park) and Cebu City (Fuente Osmeña Circle) with GMA's in-house directors Noel Cabacungan, Rommel Gacho, Ding Bolanos and Mark A. Reyes. The anniversary episode also included the launch of GMA's summer plug for 2011, "Halo-Halo Ang Summer Saya".
From April 17 to May 15, 2011, GB Sampedro alongside Mark A. Reyes directed the show. Sampedro replaced Gutierrez because the latter had resigned from co-directing the show. On July 24 of that same year, Treb Monteras replaced Sampedro from directing the show.
Party Pilipinas became also a home to international guests including U-KISS (March 28 and June 13, 2010), Jason Derulo (July 25, 2010), Dan Hill (February 6, 2011), Far East Movement (March 13, 2011), Chauncey Black of Blackstreet (January 29, 2012) and Jay Park (May 6, 2012).
In 2011, the show received its first award at Catholic Mass Media Awards as Best Entertainment Program, and September 2011, former Pinoy Dream Academy finalist Irish Fullerton performed for the first time on the show as part of her debut on GMA Network.
On February 8, 2013, the Movie and Television Review and Classification Board meted a six-month probation period on the show for a dance number that was deemed "sexually charged" by the Board. The network was ordered to make a public apology.
On March 24, 2013, Christian Bautista performed on the show as part of his debut on GMA Network.
Party Pilipinas was set in different destinations during Summer 2013 a |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cycling%20Embassy%20of%20Denmark | The Cycling Embassy of Denmark (CED) is a Danish network organization dedicated to the promotion of cycling as a means of transportation and Denmark as a cycling nation by capitalizing on the deep rooted Danish cycling culture to offer solutions to urban planners across Europe and the world in the areas of urban planning, bicycle infrastructure development, and cycling promotion.
History
The CED was founded on 12 May 2009 during the 2009 Velo-city conference in Brussels. The Danish ambassador to Belgium, Jørgen Molde, conducted an inauguration ceremony that attracted the attention of the Danish and international press as well as politicians and urban planners in attendance at Velo-city.
Network
The CED comprises a network of Danish cities, companies and associations, including:
The municipality of Copenhagen
The municipality of Frederiksberg
The municipality of Odense
The municipality of Aalborg
The municipality of Aarhus
The municipality of Middelfart
The municipality of Randers
Aros Kommunikation
Danish Cyclists' Federation
Reelight
Velorbis
Veksø A/S
COWI A/S
Gehl Architects
Danish Cancer Society
DSB (railway company)
Atkins Danmark
Rambøll
Gottlieb Paludan Architects
Leadership Award for Cycling Promotion
During the 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference, the CED awarded New York City mayor Mike Bloomberg the first ever Leadership Award for Cycling Promotion.
In 2010, Roelof Wittink was awarded with the Leadership Award for Cycling Promotion during the Velo-city Global conference in Copenhagen.
See also
Cycling in Denmark
Danish Cyclists Federation
Cycling in Copenhagen
References
External links
Cycling Embassy of Denmark
Cycling in Denmark
Cycling organizations |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luci%20%28disambiguation%29 | Luci is a given name and a family name.
Luci may also refer to:
Lunar Ultraviolet Cosmic Imager, a planned lunar-based telescope
LuCI, a web-based interface for the OpenWrt router operating system
LUCI, the near-infrared instrument for the Large Binocular Telescope
Paranitocris luci, a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae
Luci Island, Xiuyu District, Putian, Fujian, China
Luci (lantern) a rechargeable LED lantern powered by sunlight
See also
Lusi (disambiguation)
Lucy (disambiguation)
Luce (disambiguation)
Lucie (disambiguation)
Luciana (disambiguation)
Lucifer (disambiguation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian%20and%20Eurasian%20Security%20Network | The Russian and Eurasian Security Network (RES) was an open-source service that encouraged the exchange of information among international relations and security professionals worldwide. It maintained a large digital library of documents related to Russia and Eurasia and provided the framework for studies of security-related developments in Russia and the states of the Eurasian region (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Moldova, Belarus, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan).
It was based at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, Switzerland and was part of the International Relations and Security Network (ISN) and the Center for Security Studies (CSS). The RES website was closed down in August 2012.
The two RES in-house publications were migrated to the website of the Center for Security Studies:
The Russian Analytical Digest, an electronic journal covering political, economic and social developments in Russia and its regions.
The Caucasus Analytical Digest (CAD), a monthly internet publication analyzing the political, economic, and social situation in the three South Caucasus states of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia within the context of international and security dimensions of this region's development.
References
External links
Russian Analytical Digest.
Caucasus Analytical Digest.
International security
International relations
Political research institutes
ETH Zurich
Peace and conflict studies
Politics of Russia |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brutus%20cluster | Brutus is the central high-performance cluster of ETH Zurich. It was introduced to the public in May 2008. A new computing cluster called EULER has been announced and opened to the public in May 2014.
Processors
Brutus is a heterogeneous system containing 11 different kinds of compute nodes:
Standard nodes
120 nodes with four 12-core AMD Opteron 6174 CPUs and 64 GB of RAM (5760 cores)
24 nodes with two 12-core AMD Opteron 6174 CPUs and 32 GB of RAM (576 cores)
410 nodes with four quad-core AMD Opteron 8380 CPUs and 32 GB of RAM (6560 cores)
80 nodes with four quad-core AMD Opteron 8384 CPUs and 32 GB of RAM (1280 cores)
Large-memory (fat) nodes
6 nodes with four 8-core Intel Xeon E7-8837 CPUs and 1024 GB of RAM (192 cores) — NEW!
80 nodes with four 12-core AMD Opteron 6174 CPUs and 256 GB of RAM (3840 cores) 10 nodes with four quad-core AMD Opteron 8380 CPUs and 128 GB of RAM (160 cores)GPU nodes
18 nodes with two 12-core AMD Opteron 6174 CPUs, 32 GB of RAM and 2 Nvidia Fermi C2050 GPUs (432 cores + 36 GPUs) 2 nodes with two 6-core AMD Opteron 2435 CPUs, 32 GB of RAM and 6 Nvidia Tesla C1060 GPUs (24 cores + 12 GPUs) 2 nodes with two 6-core AMD Opteron 2435 CPUs, 32 GB of RAM and various Nvidia and AMD GPUs (24 cores + 2 GPUs)Legacy nodes
256 nodes with two dual-core AMD Opteron 2220 CPUs and 16 GB of RAM (1024 cores)''
In total Brutus contains 19,872 cores, plus a few hundreds in the cluster's file servers, login nodes and management nodes.
The peak performance of Brutus is slightly over 200 teraflops (200 × 1012 floating-point operations per second).
Networking
All nodes are connected to the cluster's Gigabit Ethernet backbone
All nodes (except those with Opteron 2220 CPUs) are connected to a high-speed InfiniBand QDR network
Applications
Thanks to its heterogeneous nature, Brutus can tackle a wide range of applications:
Serial and embarrassingly parallel computations
Distributed-memory computations (MPI using MVAPICH2)
Shared-memory, multithreaded applications (OpenMP) up to 1024 GB of memory and/or 48 threads
Third-party (commercial) applications
Trivia
Brutus was ranked the 88th fastest computer in the world in November 2009 (top500.org). Since then, its peak performance has increased three-fold (from 65 to 200 TF).
It was then the most energy efficient general purpose supercomputer in the world (Heise.de)
It successor, EULER, was ranked the 255th fastest computer in the world in June 2014
External links
Official Brutus page at ETH Zurich: http://www.cluster.ethz.ch/index_EN
Picture gallery: http://www.gallery.ethz.ch/brutus
Article in ETH Life, the on-line journal of ETH Zurich
Brutus wiki: http://brutuswiki.ethz.ch (access restricted to members of ETH)
References
Cluster computing
GPGPU supercomputers |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiclass%20classification | In machine learning and statistical classification, multiclass classification or multinomial classification is the problem of classifying instances into one of three or more classes (classifying instances into one of two classes is called binary classification).
While many classification algorithms (notably multinomial logistic regression) naturally permit the use of more than two classes, some are by nature binary algorithms; these can, however, be turned into multinomial classifiers by a variety of strategies.
Multiclass classification should not be confused with multi-label classification, where multiple labels are to be predicted for each instance.
General strategies
The existing multi-class classification techniques can be categorised into
transformation to binary
extension from binary
hierarchical classification.
Transformation to binary
This section discusses strategies for reducing the problem of multiclass classification to multiple binary classification problems. It can be categorized into one vs rest and one vs one. The techniques developed based on reducing the multi-class problem into multiple binary problems can also be called problem transformation techniques.
One-vs.-rest
One-vs.-rest (OvR or one-vs.-all, OvA or one-against-all, OAA) strategy involves training a single classifier per class, with the samples of that class as positive samples and all other samples as negatives. This strategy requires the base classifiers to produce a real-valued score for its decision (see also scoring rule), rather than just a class label; discrete class labels alone can lead to ambiguities, where multiple classes are predicted for a single sample.
In pseudocode, the training algorithm for an OvR learner constructed from a binary classification learner is as follows:
Inputs:
, a learner (training algorithm for binary classifiers)
samples
labels where ∈ {1, … } is the label for the sample
Output:
a list of classifiers for ∈ {1, …, }
Procedure:
For each in {1, …, }
Construct a new label vector where if and otherwise
Apply to , to obtain
Making decisions means applying all classifiers to an unseen sample and predicting the label for which the corresponding classifier reports the highest confidence score:
Although this strategy is popular, it is a heuristic that suffers from several problems. Firstly, the scale of the confidence values may differ between the binary classifiers. Second, even if the class distribution is balanced in the training set, the binary classification learners see unbalanced distributions because typically the set of negatives they see is much larger than the set of positives.
One-vs.-one
In the one-vs.-one (OvO) reduction, one trains binary classifiers for a -way multiclass problem; each receives the samples of a pair of classes from the original training set, and must learn to distinguish these two classes. At prediction time, a voting scheme is applied: all classifiers are applied to |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rathmines%20College%20of%20Further%20Education | Rathmines College is an educational institution in Rathmines, Dublin. The college offers several Further Education courses in areas not limited to accounting, business, computing, media studies, and office administration.
Campus locations
It has two campuses in Rathmines; in the former Rathmines Town Hall, recognised by the iconic clock tower. It was designed by Sir Thomas Drew and completed in 1899. There is a second campus located at two buildings: 28-29 Leinster Road. Rathmines College operates under the patronage of the City of Dublin Education and Training Board (City of Dublin ETB), known as the City of Dublin Vocational Education Committee (CDVEC) prior to 2013.
Academics and qualifications
Rathmines College offers qualifications at levels 5 and 6 on Ireland's National Framework of Qualifications (NFQ). These courses are accredited by the Quality and Qualifications Ireland ("QQI"), and by the Business and Technology Education Council ("BTEC").
Partnerships in Education
Among its accounting programmes are the Accounting Technicians Ireland (ATI) Certificate, Diploma and Apprenticeship courses, the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) Certified Accounting Technician and the Advanced Diploma in Accounting and Business ACCA Award.
The college also offers a one-year repeat leaving certificate course.
See also
Education in the Republic of Ireland
List of further education colleges in the Republic of Ireland
References
External links
Official website
Profile on QualifaX, Ireland’s National Learners’ Database.
Education in Dublin (city)
Further education colleges in Dublin (city)
Further education colleges in the Republic of Ireland
Rathmines |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoopa | Yoopa (stylized YOOPA) is a Canadian French language specialty channel owned by Groupe TVA, a division of Quebecor Media. Initially aimed at preschoolers, Yoopa now broadcasts programming targeted toward children, aged 2–11.
A magazine for parents using the Yoopa name was launched on April 1, 2010 in conjunction with the launch of the television channel. The magazine replaced EspaceParents.ca, owned by TVA Publications, a division of Groupe TVA.
History
In February 2010, TVA Group was granted approval by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) to launch a television channel called TVA Junior, described as "a national French-language Category 2 specialty programming undertaking aimed exclusively at children from two to six years old."
The channel was launched on April 1, 2010 in as Yoopa.
Dispute with Vrak.TV Junior
Before Yoopa's launch and its approval by the CRTC, fellow broadcaster Astral Media had been approved for a similar channel in March 2006 called Vrak.TV Junior. Prior to its launch, Astral Media claimed that it had secured carriage on a number of other television providers, except Vidéotron — who has a hold of 51% of the Quebec market, the largest French market in Canada — owned by Quebecor Media, the parent of TVA Group. Astral claimed Vidéotron's refusal to carry the channel was to avoid competition for its upcoming channel, Yoopa. Astral attributed the delay in the launch of Vrak Junior to Vidéotron's refusal to carry the channel. Vidéotron categorically denied the accusation.
Vrak.TV Junior was launched on July 5, 2010 as Playhouse Disney Télé (now Télémagino) on Bell Satellite TV. Vidéotron launched the channel on March 1, 2011.
Current programming
44 Cats
L'académie secrète
The Adventures of Chuck and Friends
Abby Hatcher
Ask the StoryBots
The Adventures of Paddington
Annie Brocoli autour du monde
Alvinnn!!! and the Chipmunks
Les Astucieux
Boj
Blue's Clues & You!
Ben & Holly's Little Kingdom
Bouli
Bouiing
Blaze and the Monster Machines
Boy Girl Dog Cat Mouse Cheese
Bubble Guppies
La cabane à histoires
Care Bears: Unlock the Magic
Cars Toons
Cars on the Road
The Cat in the Hat Knows a Lot About That!
Curious George
Corn & Peg
Dino Dan
Dino Dana
Daisy & Ollie
Deer Squad The Doozers Drôles de bettes Dora and Friends: Into the City! Doki Dino Ranch Esme & Roy Floogals Fresh Beat Band of Spies La fée coquillette Les étoiles de Fred Littlest Pet Shop
The Little Mermaid
Les étoiles du dodo Hank Zipzer Henry Danger It's Pony Julius Jr. Kung Fu Panda: Legends of Awesomeness Kangaroo Beach Lazytown Miam! Miss Moon Mecha Builders Miss Zazie Middlemost Post My Big Big Friend My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic Nella the Princess Knight The Octonauts The Other Kingdom Percy's Tiger Tales Peppa Pig Rusty Rivets Ruff-Ruff, Tweet and Dave Ricky Zoom Shaun the Sheep Silver Spoons
Santiago of the Seas T'es où Théo? Team Umizoomi Topsy and Tim Transformers: Rescue Bots Academy |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanyo%20PHC-25 | The Sanyo PHC-25 is a home computer released 1983 by the electronics company Sanyo. It is a member of the same family as the Sanyo PHC-10 and Sanyo PHC-20. The machine was presented on the U.S. at the 1983 CES. PHC is an acronym for Personal Home Computer. It came with Sanyo Basic v1.3, an eighty instruction BASIC dialect.
A few emulators exist for this system.
Technical specifications
The computer had the following technical specifications:
CPU: NEC D780C (compatible Zilog Z80A), 4 MHz
Memory: 16K RAM, 6KB VRAM, 24K ROM
Keyboard: 65 keys, 4 function keys, 4 arrow keys
Text Modes: 16 x 16 / 32 x 16
Graphic Modes: Motorola 6847, 64 x 48 (8 colors) / 128 x 192 (4 colors) / 256 x 192 (4 colors)
Sound: Optional (PSG-01 extension)
I/O Ports: Tape, Centronics, RGB, video
References
Sanyo products
Home computers
Z80-based home computers
Computer-related introductions in 1983 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob%20Hager | Bob Hager may refer to:
Robert Hager, analyst and former correspondent for the US television network NBC News
Bob Hager (politician) (born 1961), Republican party member of the Iowa House of Representatives
Bob Hager (coach), head coach of varsity men's basketball at Oregon Agricultural College, today's Oregon State University, until the 1928–29 season |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content%20migration | Content migration is the process of moving information stored on a given computer information system (IS) to a new system. The IS may be a Web content management system (CMS), a digital asset management (DAM), or a document management system (DMS). The IS may also be based on flat HTML content, including HTML files, Active Server Pages (ASP), JavaServer Pages (JSP), PHP, or content stored in some type of HTML/JavaScript based system and can be either static or dynamic content.
Business drivers
Reasons to consider migrating content
Content Migrations can solve a number of issues ranging from:
Consolidation from one or more CMS systems into the fewer systems. This allows for more centralized control, governance of content, and better knowledge management and sharing.
Reorganizing content due to mergers and acquisitions to assimilate as much content from the source systems for a unified look and feel.
Converting content that has grown organically either in a CMS or Flat HTML and standardizing the formatting so standards can be applied for a unified branding of the content.
Complex upgrade paths from un-supported versions can be simplified by migrating content to a newer version of the platform.
Compliance requirements might require more functionality from the underlying store, examples would be a need to audit content access, improved security or records management.
Arguments against migrating content
Content migrations entail risks. Even though some of the reasons like cost might be obvious, there are some less obvious reasons to avoid a migration exercise. These include corruption in transit and loss of context, particularly the unstructured content, which is typically one of the larger artifacts of business. There is also the risk of external references not being considered (broken links to content). The size of the data to be migrated makes the very resource-intensive (Source- Destination- Temporary- storage, network bandwidth, etc.), which means that auditing the migration process could also be complex and require consistency and traceability.
Another common issue in content migration is the loss of SEO and page rank in search engines. Migrating to another location and adopting a new software means that all website URLs are going to be changed as well, hence, search engines would have to make some adjustments even if it is informed about the process. In a white paper, Oracle also outlined several issues involving the so-called people perspective. It cited the probability that people involved in the content migration might not have a thorough grasp of the history, structure, and meaning of the source data as well as the new system, which could lead not only to the loss of information but also incur additional resources.
One of the methods that address the risks is the use of metadata. It is employed to describe, access, and manage records, serving as the ultimate means by which the integrity, trustworthiness, and authenticity of a r |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan-European%20Network%20Service | The Pan-European Network Service (PENS) is a telecommunications network established (in 2009) by several European Air Navigation Service Providers with support of EUROCONTROL with a view to build transport infrastructure.
PENS do provide a common IP-based network service across the European region covering voice and data communication and providing efficient support to existing services and new requirements that are emerging from future Air Traffic Management (ATM) concepts.
On 14 January 2016, EUROCONTROL hosted a major meeting to move forward with the implementation of NewPENS. NewPENS, which will build on the success of the current Pan-European Network Services (PENS) infrastructure, aims to become the means of ground-to-ground communication for all connections between all ATM stakeholders across Europe.
See also
Pan European Networks (marketing agency)
References
Further reading
PENS Eurocontrol web site
NewPENS Eurocontrol web site
Air traffic control in Europe
Telecommunications organizations
Network Service
Telecommunications in Europe by country |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dick%20Clark%27s%20World%20of%20Talent | Dick Clark's World of Talent is a talent/variety television show produced by Irving Mansfield and broadcast weekly in the United States on the ABC television network from 10:30-11 p.m. (ET) on Sundays during the 1959-60 season.
History
The first show was broadcast September 27, 1959. Dick Clark hosted throughout the run of
the series. Permanent judge Jack E. Leonard, and two celebrity "guest" judges watched the performances of amateur, semi-professional (and, on occasion, professional) singers, musicians, dancers, and comedians, and offered advice. Some of the guest judges were Johnny Carson, Betty Hutton, Zsa Zsa Gabor, Tab Hunter, Edie Adams, Eva Gabor, and Sam Levenson.
Performers
Guests on the show included:
R&B singer Tommy Edwards (broadcast October 18, 1959)
Classical pianist Lorin Hollander (broadcast October 4 or 11 or 18, 1959)
Folk music duo Bud and Travis
Big–band singer Don Cornell
Cocktail singer Alan Dale
Vocal quartet the Four Aces
Singer/actress Della Reese (broadcast November 15, 1959)
Last show
The last show was broadcast December 20, 1959.
References
1959 American television series debuts
1959 American television series endings
1950s American variety television series
American Broadcasting Company original programming
Black-and-white American television shows
Talent shows
Dick Clark |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNTV | CNTV may refer to:
China Network Television, a Chinese web-based TV broadcaster
National Television Council (Chile) (), a Chilean government agency overseeing television
National Television Commission (Colombia), (), a Colombian government agency overseeing television; see Television in Colombia
Chinese News TV, a Philippine TV channel; see 2019 in Philippine television
USC School of Cinema-Television (CNTV), former name of the USC School of Cinematic Arts
See also
CNT (disambiguation)
CTV (disambiguation)
NTV (disambiguation)
CN (disambiguation)
TV (disambiguation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katalyst%20Media | Katalyst Network was a company founded by Ashton Kutcher and Jason Goldberg, based in Los Angeles, California. It was the company behind television series such as Beauty and the Geek and Punk'd.
Founding history
The company was launched in 2000 by Ashton Kutcher and Jason Goldberg to develop television and film properties. In 2005, a social media division was added. The mission is to match storytelling with competitive distribution and technology platforms for some of the biggest brands in the world.
The company also founded a YouTube channel, Thrash Lab, to show unscripted content. The channel was partially funded by YouTube in 2012.
The company is now permanently closed.
References
External links
Official page
Television production companies of the United States
Film production companies of the United States |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composition%20over%20inheritance | Composition over inheritance (or composite reuse principle) in object-oriented programming (OOP) is the principle that classes should favor polymorphic behavior and code reuse by their composition (by containing instances of other classes that implement the desired functionality) over inheritance from a base or parent class. Ideally all reuse can be achieved by assembling existing components, but in practice inheritance is often needed to make new ones. Therefore inheritance and object composition typically work hand-in-hand, as discussed in the book Design Patterns (1994).
Basics
An implementation of composition over inheritance typically begins with the creation of various interfaces representing the behaviors that the system must exhibit. Interfaces can facilitate polymorphic behavior. Classes implementing the identified interfaces are built and added to business domain classes as needed. Thus, system behaviors are realized without inheritance.
In fact, business domain classes may all be base classes without any inheritance at all. Alternative implementation of system behaviors is accomplished by providing another class that implements the desired behavior interface. A class that contains a reference to an interface can support implementations of the interface—a choice that can be delayed until runtime.
Example
Inheritance
An example in C++ follows:
class Object
{
public:
virtual void update() {
// no-op
}
virtual void draw() {
// no-op
}
virtual void collide(Object objects[]) {
// no-op
}
};
class Visible : public Object
{
Model* model;
public:
virtual void draw() override {
// code to draw a model at the position of this object
}
};
class Solid : public Object
{
public:
virtual void collide(Object objects[]) override {
// code to check for and react to collisions with other objects
}
};
class Movable : public Object
{
public:
virtual void update() override {
// code to update the position of this object
}
};
Then, suppose we also have these concrete classes:
class - which is , and
class - which is and , but not
class - which is and , but not
class - which is , but neither nor
Note that multiple inheritance is dangerous if not implemented carefully because it can lead to the diamond problem. One solution to this is to create classes such as , , , etc. for every needed combination; however, this leads to a large amount of repetitive code. C++ uses virtual inheritance to solve the diamond problem of multiple inheritance.
Composition and interfaces
The C++ examples in this section demonstrate the principle of using composition and interfaces to achieve code reuse and polymorphism. Due to the C++ language not having a dedicated keyword to declare interfaces, the following C++ example uses inheritance from a pure abstract base class. For most purposes, this is functionally equivalent to the interfaces provided in other |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American%20Preppers%20Network | The American Preppers Network (APN) is a non-profit corporation and part of a growing international movement of people who call themselves preppers. The social network is organized by state and regional blogs and forums. The members are volunteer contributors who are dedicated to providing free information on survival skills, preparedness, self-sufficiency and sustainability
The network of blogs is based on the concept originally created by Riverwalker of Stealth Survival who founded the first Preppers Network, Texas Preppers Network. The social network is composed of a variety of media that include chatrooms, forums, social networking pages, and a preparedness directory; Prepper.org.
The organization has also formed alliances with independent affiliates such as Pioneer Living Survival Magazine, a homesteading and survival skills website which provides a range of advice for those who just want to store extra food in case of a power cut, to those who want to embrace the "off the grid" lifestyle of America's western pioneers a blog that showcases survival and preparedness blogs across the web. In addition to the affiliates, the group also supports several independent homesteading, survival and preparedness sites such as Prepper Podcast John Milandred Also Ready Nutrition and The Survival Mom.
The individuals involved in the prepper network prefer to be called preppers instead of survivalists because they are regular people with normal lifestyles and jobs who prepare for a variety of reasons whether natural or man-made.
A unique difference that sets the network of preppers apart from their survivalist counterparts is the growing number of women involved in the movement
See also
Concepts
Blast shelter
Bug-out bag
Fallout shelter
Intentional Community
Off-grid
Portable water purification
Primitive skills
Retreat
Self-sufficiency
Survival kits
Authors
Ragnar Benson
Jeff Cooper
John Pugsley
James Wesley Rawles
Howard Ruff
Kurt Saxon
Joel Skousen
Don Stephens
Mel Tappan
Other
Amateur / CB Radio
First Aid
Gold as an investment
Silver as an investment
Standby generator
References
External links
American Preppers Network
Nonprofit hobbyist organizations based in the United States
Survivalism in the United States |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huber%20loss | In statistics, the Huber loss is a loss function used in robust regression, that is less sensitive to outliers in data than the squared error loss. A variant for classification is also sometimes used.
Definition
The Huber loss function describes the penalty incurred by an estimation procedure . Huber (1964) defines the loss function piecewise by
This function is quadratic for small values of , and linear for large values, with equal values and slopes of the different sections at the two points where . The variable often refers to the residuals, that is to the difference between the observed and predicted values , so the former can be expanded to
The Huber loss is the convolution of the absolute value function with the rectangular function, scaled and translated. Thus it "smoothens out" the former's corner at the origin.
Motivation
Two very commonly used loss functions are the squared loss, , and the absolute loss, . The squared loss function results in an arithmetic mean-unbiased estimator, and the absolute-value loss function results in a median-unbiased estimator (in the one-dimensional case, and a geometric median-unbiased estimator for the multi-dimensional case). The squared loss has the disadvantage that it has the tendency to be dominated by outliers—when summing over a set of 's (as in ), the sample mean is influenced too much by a few particularly large -values when the distribution is heavy tailed: in terms of estimation theory, the asymptotic relative efficiency of the mean is poor for heavy-tailed distributions.
As defined above, the Huber loss function is strongly convex in a uniform neighborhood of its minimum ; at the boundary of this uniform neighborhood, the Huber loss function has a differentiable extension to an affine function at points and . These properties allow it to combine much of the sensitivity of the mean-unbiased, minimum-variance estimator of the mean (using the quadratic loss function) and the robustness of the median-unbiased estimator (using the absolute value function).
Pseudo-Huber loss function
The Pseudo-Huber loss function can be used as a smooth approximation of the Huber loss function. It combines the best properties of L2 squared loss and L1 absolute loss by being strongly convex when close to the target/minimum and less steep for extreme values. The scale at which the Pseudo-Huber loss function transitions from L2 loss for values close to the minimum to L1 loss for extreme values and the steepness at extreme values can be controlled by the value. The Pseudo-Huber loss function ensures that derivatives are continuous for all degrees. It is defined as
As such, this function approximates for small values of , and approximates a straight line with slope for large values of .
While the above is the most common form, other smooth approximations of the Huber loss function also exist.
Variant for classification
For classification purposes, a variant of the Huber loss called modified Huber is so |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akinori%20Nakagawa%202001%E2%80%932005 | Akinori Nakagawa 2001–2005 is the second album from Akinori Nakagawa.
Track listing
External links
Official Discography
JBOOK Data
Akinori Nakagawa albums
2006 compilation albums |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server-sent%20events | Server-Sent Events (SSE) is a server push technology enabling a client to receive automatic updates from a server via an HTTP connection, and describes how servers can initiate data transmission towards clients once an initial client connection has been established. They are commonly used to send message updates or continuous data streams to a browser client and designed to enhance native, cross-browser streaming through a JavaScript API called EventSource, through which a client requests a particular URL in order to receive an event stream. The EventSource API is standardized as part of HTML5 by the WHATWG. The media type for SSE is text/event-stream.
History
The SSE mechanism was first specified by Ian Hickson as part of the "WHATWG Web Applications 1.0" proposal starting in 2004. In September 2006, the Opera web browser implemented the experimental technology in a feature called "Server-Sent Events".
Browser support
All modern browsers support server-sent events: Firefox 6+, Google Chrome 6+, Opera 11.5+, Safari 5+, Microsoft Edge 79+.
Libraries
.NET
Service Stack EventSource library with both server and client implementations.
ASP.NET
SignalR - Transparent implementation for ASP.NET.
C
HaSSEs Asynchronous server-side SSE daemon written in C (It uses one thread for all connected clients).
Erlang
Lasse EventSource server handler for Erlang's cowboy
Shotgun EventSource client in Erlang
Go
eventsource EventSource library for Go.
go-sse SSE implementation for Go.
sse SSE with optimized decoder for Go
gosse Server-sided implementation with channel concept and further features for out-of-the-box use.
sse Server Sent Events server and client for Golang
Java
Javalin - lightweight Java and Kotlin web framework
jEaSSE - Server-side asynchronous implementation for Java servlets and Vert.x
Akka HTTP has SSE support since version 10.0.8
alpakka Event Source Connector EventSource library for alpakka which supports reconnection
Spring WebFlux Server and client side Java implementation built on reactive streams and non-blocking servers
Jersey has a full implementation of JAX-RS support for Server Sent Events as defined in JSR-370
Micronaut HTTP server supports emitting Server Sent Events
JeSSE - Server-side library with user/session management, group broadcast, and authentication
Armeria has server and client-side asynchronous SSE implementation built on top of Netty and Reactive Streams
Play Framework Event Source for server-sent event emission
SSE Client SSE Client library
Node.js
sse-stream - Node.js/Browserify implementation (client and server).
total.js - web application framework for Node.js - example + supports WebSockets (RFC 6455)
eventsource-node - EventSource client for Node.js
Thread-SSE - A library for Node.js and web browser to develop security and high-performance SSE.
Objective C
TRVSEventSource - EventSource implementation in Objective-C for iOS and macOS using NSURLSession.
Perl
Mojolicious - Perl r |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiso%20Forest%20Railway | The was a network of 400 km of narrow gauge light () railway lines that operated in the Kiso Valley in Nagano Prefecture, Japan.
The railway was used to support the logging of cedar forests in the region. The Kiso Forest had historically been the possession of a local lord, but at the time of the Meiji Restoration had become the property of the Imperial family. In 1901, a railway was laid into the forests and was initially worked by hand or animals. The first locomotives built by Baldwin Locomotive Works were introduced in 1907. Further locomotives were obtained from Baldwin, as well as a Shay locomotive that was transferred to the Alishan Forest Railway in Taiwan when that line opened. The railway was extensively rebuilt in 1920, with steel bridges and 24 tunnels.
The railway was abolished in stages between 1966 and 1976.
References
2 ft 6 in gauge railways in Japan
Forest railways
Closed railway lines in Japan
Defunct railroads
Railway lines opened in 1901 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akinori%20Nakagawa%20%28album%29 | Akinori Nakagawa is the first studio album from Akinori Nakagawa.
Track listing
External links
Official Discography
Jbook data
[ Akinori Nakagawa] at Allmusic
Akinori Nakagawa at Billboard
2001 debut albums
Akinori Nakagawa albums |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MTV%20Classic%20%28British%20and%20Irish%20TV%20channel%29 | MTV Classic was a British pay television music channel from Paramount Networks UK & Australia. The channel was launched in the United Kingdom and Ireland on 1 July 1999 as VH1 Classic.
It focused on music videos and music specials from the 1960s onwards, sometimes featuring music videos and concert footage from as early as at least the 1940s or 1950s, such as Bing Crosby's "White Christmas" from 1942. It also aired videos from the 2000s and early 2010s. Every November and December from 2013 until 2021, MTV Classic played Christmas-themed music branded as MTV Xmas.
"Video Killed the Radio Star" by The Buggles, the first video to air on the original MTV in 1981, was also the first music video to be played when the channel was rebranded as MTV Classic on 1 March 2010.
History
Since the rebrand, Viacom had rebranded other international channels as MTV Classic. On 1 May 2010, VH1 Australia was rebranded as MTV Classic and on 10 January 2011, MTV Networks Europe launched an Italian version of the same channel, replacing MTV Gold.
MTV Classic began broadcasting in widescreen on 6 March 2012.
Closure
On 31 March 2022, the channel closed down, and was replaced by MTV 80s. The final video played on the channel was "Goodbye" by Spice Girls.
Pluto TV revival
In late 2022 a feed of archive music videos, listed on the guide under the MTV Classic name, was made available on the British iteration of Paramount Global's streaming television platform Pluto TV, following shortly after the addition of other MTV-branded music video streams (film soundtrack stream MTV Movie Hits and seasonal pop-up MTV Xmas) to the lineup. The Pluto streams are available at no cost to users and are separate to the MTV broadcast TV channels.
Programming
Wake Up... In The ...!
Hit Shuffle!
Keep It Classic!
Official Rewind Chart: (month and year)
Pop Star Mums: Top 20!
Happy Birthday (artist)! 40 Greatest Hits!
15 Years Since...
Goodbye MTV Classic!
Mama We Love You: Top 20!
(artist): The Hits
(artist): 100% Classics!
MTV Classic's 100 Most Played Vids... Ever!
(artist): Brand New Vid!
Every Number One Of The ... (00s, 80s, 90s, etc.)
Non Stop (70s, 80s, 90s, 00s) Hits
Temporary rebrands
Viacom occasionally rebranded MTV Classic to a different name to air different kinds of music.
MTV Xmas: From 23 November to 27 December 2013, the channel was temporarily rebranded as MTV Xmas, playing only Christmas-themed music. This has been repeated every year since. After 7 years since its first launch on Sky, MTV Xmas is now also available for the first time on Virgin Media UK starting 12 November 2020 as a replacement of VH1 Christmas. From 7 November 2022, MTV Xmas moved to MTV 90s due to closure of MTV Classic.
MTV Summer: From 1 to 31 August 2014, the channel was temporarily rebranded as MTV Summer, playing only summer-themed music. This has been repeated from 29 June to 3 August 2015, replacing MTV Pride.
MTV Love: From 29 January to 16 February 2015, the channel was te |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control4 | Control4 is a provider of automation and networking systems for homes and businesses, offering a customizable and unified smart home system to automate and control connected devices including lighting, audio, video, climate control, intercom, and security. The Control4 platform interoperates with more than 13,500 third-party products and is available in over 100 countries. As of August 2018, it manages 370,000 homes. The company is based in Salt Lake City, Utah. Control4 was a publicly traded company (on the NASDAQ stock exchange under the stock symbol CTRL) from 2013 until 2019, when it merged with SnapAV.
History
Founded in 2003 by Eric Smith, Will West, and Mark Morgan, Control4 debuted at the 2004 CEDIA Expo home technology trade show and released its first products later that year, as an early entrant in the home automation market. Smith and West had previously created PHAST, an early home control system that was acquired by AMX in 1997; and STSN, a provider of Internet service for the hospitality industry. Control4 received funding from Foundation Capital, Thomas Weisel Venture Partners, Signal Peak Ventures, Frazier Technology Ventures, and Cisco Systems prior to its IPO on August 2, 2013. CEO Martin Plaehn joined Control4 in September 2011.
In August 2019, Control4 completed a merger with consumer technology designer and manufacturer SnapAV. John Heyman currently serves as CEO, and the Company was rebranded as "SnapOne."
Products and services
Control4's home automation systems have been likened to an operating system for the home. The company offers products to manage climate control, home network, home security, intercom, multi-room audio, and smart lighting, offering a universal remote and voice control. It offers items such as a smart doorbell, smart outlets, security cameras, thermostats, centralized lighting panels, motion sensors, and KNX devices. The systems can be controlled from the Control4 smartphone app, keypads fitted to the walls, a traditional remote, or a portable touch screen.
In addition to its own products and services, Control4 supports more than 13,500 third-party products, including Amazon Alexa-enabled speaker devices, the Google Nest smart home thermostat, streaming services like Spotify and Netflix, Sonos music system, Apple TV, and products from Sony, Sub-Zero, Roku, LG, Samsung, Bose, Denon, Honeywell, Yale, and Lutron. With Control4, a homeowner could control "the ventilation in the garage, the music streaming to speakers in multiple rooms of his home, every light, the TV, the thermostat, even the Blu-Ray player in the guest house" from an iOS or Android device.
Installation of the Control4 system is done through a network of dealers who install the hardware and configure and customize the software to unify the homeowner's technology. A Control4 controller acts as the "brain" of the home, connecting to the home network and allowing the electronic devices and systems in the home to work together. There are |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hull%20Trading%20Company | Hull Trading Company was an independent algorithmic trading firm and electronic market maker headquartered in Chicago. Known for its quantitative and technology-based trading strategy, it was acquired by Goldman Sachs in 1999.
History
In the late 1970s, Blair Hull developed an empirical options pricing model independent of Black–Scholes. Realizing that computers would lead to automated exchanges and mathematical securities pricing, he founded Hull Trading Company in 1985. The firm grew to over 180 employees including financial engineers, physicists (many from Fermilab), almost 100 software engineers and computer support staff. At its peak, Hull executed over 7% of the index options traded in the United States and 1% of the shares traded on the New York Stock Exchange.
In 1999, Blair Hull sold the Hull Trading Company to Goldman Sachs for $531 million. Henry M. Paulson, then chairman and chief executive officer of Goldman Sachs, said Hull Trading Group is "the world's largest electronic options market maker, very active outside the U.S. We just looked at this as something that's going to position us well. We want to stay ahead of the electronic curve and take advantage of the migration to electronic platforms world-wide." The acquisition signalled a shift in Goldman Sachs towards electronic trading.
Investment strategy
Hull Trading was primarily an equity options market maker. The firm employed complex mathematical models to analyze short-term options and equity pricing discrepancies while hedging against overall risk exposure. It employed mathematicians and physicists to design algorithms and a large number of software engineers to implement systems based on these algorithms.
Technology
The company was a leader in the application of computer technology to listed derivatives trading. A proprietary and large scale reliable distributed system architecture was developed by company programmers, providing automatic real-time pricing, risk management, market making and interconnection with automated options, futures and stock exchanges as they became available. Hull's massively scalable software technology was deployed to cover both domestic and international markets as electronic, on-line exchanges became available, while innovative hand-held computer technology was employed at exchanges still requiring execution by floor traders.
The company's proprietary technology allowed it to execute tens of thousands of transactions daily.
Pay structure
The company was also known for its emphasis on teamwork and democratic pay structure, in which employees awarded each other bonuses. Since pay was based on nominations received, the system has been described as highly meritocratic.
Equity partnership interest was widely distributed among employees. At the time of the merger into Goldman Sachs there were over 20 employee partners holding about 25% of equity interest, with the remaining interest held by members of the Hull family.
Notable people
B |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himself%20%28Akinori%20Nakagawa%20album%29 | Himself is the second studio album from Akinori Nakagawa.
Track listing
External links
Official Discography
JBOOK DATA
2004 albums
Akinori Nakagawa albums |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trams%20in%20Basel | The Basel tramway network () is a network of tramways forming part of the public transport system in Basel, Switzerland, and its agglomeration - it also reaches into adjacent suburbs in Germany and France. The only two other tramway networks to cross an international border are Geneva's and Strasbourg's tramways. The Basel tram system consists of 12 lines. Due to its longevity (the network is now more than a century old), it is part of Basel's heritage and, alongside the Basel Minster, is one of the symbols of the city.
The trams on the network are operated by two transport providers: Basler Verkehrs-Betriebe (Basel Transport Service) (BVB) and Baselland Transport (BLT). Both operators are part of the integrated fare network Tarifverbund Nordwestschweiz (TNW), which in itself is part of the three countries-integrated fare network triregio.
BVB is owned by, and operates in, Basel-Stadt, the small canton comprising the city of Basel and two smaller municipalities, both situated right of the Rhine. Its green trams operate mostly in the city, although the termini of its lines 3, 6, and 14 are in the more rural canton of Basel-Land, line 8 terminates across the frontier in Germany, and line 3 in France.
BLT is owned by Basel-Land, and its yellow and red trams operate in the outer suburbs to the south of Basel, and at one point pass through the territory of France. However, the three lines it operates, lines 10, 11 and 17, all also run over BVB track in central Basel. In addition line 14, while owned by BLT, is operated by BVB well into Basel-Land.
History
The first line of the Basel tramway network was opened on 6 May 1895. It followed the route Centralbahnhof–Marktplatz–Mittlere Brücke–Aeschenplatz–Badischer Bahnhof.
The network grew quickly. In 1897, six new sections were put in service, with one linking Basel and Birsfelden.
In 1900, the Basel tramway network acquired an international dimension, when a new cross-border line was opened to Sankt-Ludwig (now Saint-Louis, Haut-Rhin), in the then German Empire. The line operated till 1950. In 1910, a second international line was opened to Hüningen (now Huningue also Haut Rhin), which was used until 1961. The line to Lörrach in Baden, Germany, was opened in 1919 and worked till 1967.
Since 1887, the tram from Basel to Rodersdorf, now part of Baselland Transport line n° 10, passed (and passes) through the village of Leymen in Alsace. But that Birsigthalbahn (Birsig Valley Railway) would be joined to the general tram network of Basel as late as in 1984.
From 1900 until 1936, at least one section of the network was modified each year. In 1934, upon the opening of a new section of line from Margarethenstr. to Binningen, the network reached its greatest length of .
During the two World Wars, services were suspended on the parts of the line extending beyond Switzerland's borders. After World War II, several lines were closed. In 1958, the total length of the network's routes was .
In 1974, the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lords%20of%20the%20Black%20Sun | Lords of the Black Sun (previously titled Star Lords) is a 4X turn-based strategy computer game created by Portuguese developer Arkavi Studios and published by Iceberg Interactive. It was made available as an early access game on Steam December 6, 2013 and was released on September 12, 2014.
Gameplay
Lords of the Black Sun plays like a traditional 4X and features 8 races, tactical turn-based combat, in-depth Espionage/Intel and Diplomacy components, a complex AI that, according to the developers, doesn't cheat and a "living universe" featuring independent races and pirate clans. Gameplay includes LAN, hotseat and online multiplayer complete with matchmaking.
Reception
Despite being named as one of the best games of 2014 by PC Gamer and being in the list of the most awaited releases of that year in several media outlets, the Lords of the Black Sun was met with mixed reception upon release. Some praised the game for its solid and easy to pick up gameplay and welcome additions to the tried and true 4X formula, while others complained of constant crashes, bland visuals and incompetent AI.
References
2014 video games
4X video games
Iceberg Interactive games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Science fiction video games
Turn-based strategy video games
Video games developed in Portugal
Windows games
Windows-only games |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KSRW%20%28FM%29 | KSRW (92.5 MHz, TV-33. "Sierra Wave") is a radio station broadcasting a Classic Rock music format and features programming from Westwood One. KSRW also ran KSRW-LP, channel 33, broadcasting Local News and featuring programming from Outside Television, licensed to Mammoth Lakes, California. KSRW-LP signed off on analog channel 33 at 6:20 am PDT on July 13, 2021. Sierra Wave Television was on Channel 3 until August 2022 on Suddenlink. Licensed to Independence, California, USA, the KSRW 92.5 radio station serves the Bishop, Ridgecrest, Mammoth Lakes and June Lake areas. The station is currently owned by licensee Benett Kessler II Trust, which is owned by investors.
KSRW flipped to the Alternative Rock format on September 6, 2015, after having an adult contemporary format for many years and then to Classic Rock in May of 2022.
References
External links
KSRW Live Radio Stream (Tunein.com)
SRW
Mass media in Inyo County, California |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicktoons%20%28German%20TV%20channel%29 | Nicktoons (or simply called "Toons" since 2016) is a German pay television channel owned by Paramount Networks EMEAA, and broadcast by Nicktoons (European TV channel) since 2012.
History
Nicktoons was launched in December 2007 as Nick Premium. Unlike the US version of Nicktoons, it had TeenNick shows and some of the 1990s shows on the network.
In 2009, Nickelodeon announced that Nick Premium would be renamed as Nicktoons. Nick Premium signed off at 6:04am when the Nick Premium was rebranded as Nicktoons. Some of the programs were dropped from the network after Nicktoons was launched. The network is always 24 hours a day.
On 1 March 2012 NickToons Germany merged with Nicktoons (European TV channel)
On 30 June 2014, Sky Deutschland dropped Nicktoons from its platform. No reason was given for the decision. Sky, though, stresses in the statement that its focus lies on the expansion of its HD proposition. Nicktoons, however, had only been available in standard definition (SD). Nicktoons remains available in Germany on the cable networks of Unitymedia and Kabel BW and within the mobile TV offering of Deutsche Telekom among other carriage partners.
On 1 April 2020, the channel returned on Sky Deutschland, as a replacement for Disney XD which closed down in Germany the same day.
Programming
Current programming
The Adventures of Kid Danger
ALVINNN!!! and the Chipmunks
Avatar: The Last Airbender
Back at the Barnyard
Big Nate
Breadwinners
The Barbarian and the Troll
The Casagrandes
Fanboy & Chum Chum
The Fairly OddParents
It's Pony
Kamp Koral: SpongeBob's Under Years
Kung Fu Panda: Legends of Awesomeness
Lego City Adventures
The Legend of Korra
The Loud House
Middlemost Post
The Mighty B!
Ollie's Pack
The Penguins of Madagascar
Rainbow Butterfly Unicorn Kitty
Rise of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles
Rugrats (1991)
Rugrats (2021)
Sanjay and Craig
SpongeBob SquarePants (2010-2012, 2016-present)
The Smurfs (2021)
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles
T.U.F.F. Puppy (2010-2018: 2021–present)
Winx Club
Former programming
Aaahh!!! Real Monsters
Action League Now!
The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron, Boy Genius
All Grown Up!
The Angry Beavers
As Told by Ginger
Beyblade Burst
Beyblade: Metal Fury
Beyblade: Metal Fusion
Beyblade: Metal Masters
Beyblade: Shogun Steel
Bunsen Is a Beast
CatDog
Catscratch
ChalkZone
Danny Phantom
Dorg Van Dango
Deer Squad
Doug
El Tigre: The Adventures of Manny Rivera
Get Blake!
Go, Diego, Go!
Harvey Beaks Hey Arnold! Invader Zim Johnny Test KaBlam! Kappa Mikey Monsters vs. Aliens Monsuno My Life as a Teenage Robot Mysticons Pig Goat Banana Cricket Planet Sheen Rabbids Invasion The Ren & Stimpy Show Ricky Sprocket: Showbiz Boy RoboRoach Robot and Monster Rocket Monkeys Rocket Power Rocko's Modern Life Tak and the Power of Juju ToonMarty Totally Spies! Transformers: Prime Tiny Toon Adventures Wayside Welcome to the Wayne The Wild Thornberrys Winx Club The X's Yakkity Yak Yu-Gi-Oh!''
See al |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DXMM%20%28Davao%29 | DXMM (810 AM) was a radio station of UM Broadcasting Network (UMBN) in the Philippines. It was established in 1963 as the third AM station of UMBN after DXMC (now DXWT) and DXUM. The station was shut down under martial law.
Currently, the callsign is assigned to an AM station in Jolo, Sulu.
References
Radio stations in Davao City
College radio stations in the Philippines
Radio stations established in 1963
Radio stations disestablished in 1972
Defunct radio stations in the Philippines |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colin%20Gonsalves | Colin Gonsalves is a designated Senior Advocate of the Supreme Court of India and the founder of Human Rights Law Network (HRLN). He specializes in human rights protection, labour law and public interest law. He has been awarded Right Livelihood Award for the year 2017 for "his tireless and innovative use of public interest litigation over three decades to secure fundamental human rights for India’s most marginalised and vulnerable citizens." Considered a pioneer in the field of public interest litigation in India, he has brought several cases dealing with economic, social and cultural rights. Most of these cases, decided by the Supreme Court, have been set as precedents.
Since co-founding HRLN in 1989, Colin Gonsalves and his colleagues have built the organization into India's leading public interest law group, working at the intersection of law, advocacy and policy. He also co-developed the Indian People's Tribunal (IPT), an independent organization headed by retired Supreme Court and High Court judges to investigate human rights violations. Fact-findings presented at the IPTs have spurred public interest litigation, formed social movements and led to concrete policy changes.
Colin Gonsalves has written, edited and co-edited numerous articles and books on a range of human rights law issues.
Education
Colin Gonsalves, is a BTech (1975) from the Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Bombay. He began working as a civil engineer, but was drawn to the law through union work and concerns over labour issues and exploitation. He then started studying law at night school in 1979. Upon graduation in 1983, he co-founded the India Centre for Human Rights and Law in Mumbai (Bombay) and developed it into a national network of over 200 lawyers and paralegals, activists under the auspices of the Human Rights Law Network (HRLN).
Gonsalves strives to use the law as a shield to protect the human rights of the poor and of the marginalized communities in India. Over last two decades, he has played a prominent role in investigating, monitoring, and documenting human rights violations, generating "know your rights" material, and conducting training seminars and workshops for lawyers, activists, judges, and government officials including police and civic administrators.
Awards and achievements
Winner of Right Livelihood Award for the year 2017. While recognising the works of Mr Gonsalves, the award announcement reads-"Colin Gonsalves (India) is honoured by the Jury "for his tireless and innovative use of public interest litigation over three decades to secure fundamental human rights for India’s most marginalised and vulnerable citizens"."
Winner of the N.C.P.E.D.P.-Shell Helen Keller awards, 2003. Instituted in 1999, the N.C.P.E.D.P.-Shell Helen Keller awards symbolise an equal playing field for people with disabilities.
Winner of the 2004 International Human Rights Award of the American Bar Association in public recognition of his contribution to the area of |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-1%20Sensation | , released in Europe as Formula 1 Sensation, is a 1993 racing video game by Konami for the Family Computer, and a Formula One licensed product. It is heavily based on their 1988 MSX2+ title, F-1 Spirit 3D Special. It was Konami's final original Famicom game before re-releases.
Summary
F-1 Sensation features championship races and drivers from the 1992 Formula One season, including Ayrton Senna and Andrea Moda Formula's original drivers, Enrico Bertaggia and Alex Caffi.
The game contains 18 tracks (the same 16 from the 1992 season, plus Jerez and Phoenix, respectively the venues of the 1990 Spanish Grand Prix and 1991 United States Grand Prix, as extras), each playable separately in the "Free Run" mode, or one-by-one against the 16 of the 1992 season in the "Grand Prix" mode. In the latter, a one-lap qualification drive must be passed before each race, determining the starting position in the grid, and also serving as a short practice for the upcoming course.
In both, player drivers and rival drivers can be freely selected. Each driver in the game is divided into three levels based on real-life skill: A, B, and C. Because there are less entries than there are racers, these choices directly affect the game's difficulty.
Pit stops are included, and a team-radio imitation tells the player when to go to the pits for tires, wing and engine repair. Weather forecasts are available before every racing session. However, in rare cases the weather can change during the race, forcing players to make an unscheduled change of tires.
Each race has five laps, allowing for an arcade-like experience. Colliding (even sharply) with the opponents' cars heavily damages the opponent and slightly decreases the player's own stats. This encourages a brawl-like style of racing not unlike F-Zero, forcing the entire set of competitors out of the race and taking the sole stand on the podium.
Real world sponsors are placed on the billboards that are in the background of each race course; including Shell, Nestlé, Sasol, and Agip. The car may be customized: the player selects the body type of the car, color, at the start of the game; and later also other intrinsic parts.
The game's soundtrack is quoted to sound similar to other Konami FC/NES products such as Blades of Steel and Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, chiefly because of the same tools used in the creation process.
The game can be completed in one relatively short sitting, or using password and battery-backed save support like in the original 3D Special. Passwords consists of both small and capital Latin letters, with some additional characters uncommon to NES games.
The only known differences between the Japanese and European releases are the title of the game and the locations of the screen where lap and position information are displayed.
References
1993 video games
Formula One video games
Konami games
Nintendo Entertainment System games
Nintendo Entertainment System-only games
Video games set in 1992
Multiplay |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service%20statelessness%20principle | Service statelessness is a design principle that is applied within the service-orientation design paradigm, in order to design scalable services by separating them from their state data whenever possible. This results in reduction of the resources consumed by a service as the actual state data management is delegated to an external component or to an architectural extension. By reducing resource consumption, the service can handle more requests in a reliable manner.
Purpose
The interaction of any two software programs involves keeping track of the interaction-specific data as each subsequent interaction may depend upon the outcome of the previous interaction. This becomes more important in distributed architectures where the client and the server do not exist physically on the same machine. In two-tier architectures, the responsibility of tracking this interaction-specific data rested upon the rich clients, which was not an issue as each client used to reside on an individual computer. However, within n-tier architectures, the state management responsibility shifted from the client to the application or the web server. This introduced the need for some middleware state management extensions so that the server could handle multiple concurrent client requests by deferring the actual activity-specific state data to such extensions e.g. storing session data in a database in ASP .NET applications. This helps freeing up the memory resources in favor of increasing server responsiveness and the ability to entertain more client requests.
In a service composition, a service may need to store activity-specific data in memory while it is waiting for another service to complete its processing. Consequently, in case of service-orientation, an efficient management of service activity related data becomes more important as service-orientation puts a lot of emphasis on service reuse. The service not only needs to deal with managing state data, which is created as a result of interacting with a consumer program, in the context of a particular business process but also in relation to the interactions with other types of consumer programs that are part of multiple business processes. As reusability goes up, so does the overhead of managing state data. The Service Statelessness principle provides guidelines in favor of making the service stateless by shifting away the state management overhead from the services to some other external architectural component. This further helps in the overall scalability of the service-oriented solution.
Application
The correct application of service statelessness requires an understanding of the various types of state information that need to be managed.
Context data
Within a service composition, service may be required to keep track of data that is specific to the running of a particular service activity, which is usually linked with the coordination of messages, e.g. workflows, and the associated rules that govern how the rules |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information%20Processing%20Letters | Information Processing Letters is a peer-reviewed scientific journal in the field of computer science, published by Elsevier. The aim of the journal is to enable fast dissemination of results in the field of information processing in the form of short papers. Submissions are limited to nine double-spaced pages.
The scope of IPL covers fundamental aspects of information processing and computing. This naturally covers topics in the broadly understood field of theoretical computer science, including algorithms, formal languages and automata, computational complexity, computational logic, distributed and parallel algorithms, computational geometry, learning theory, computational number theory, computational biology, coding theory, theoretical cryptography, and applied discrete mathematics. Generally, submissions in all areas of scientific inquiry are considered, provided that they describe research contributions credibly motivated by applications to computing and involve rigorous methodology. High quality experimental papers that address topics of sufficiently broad interest are also considered.
IPL implements a 3-tier review process. Each submissions is assigned to an associate editor, who determines whether it falls within IPL's scope and meets basic quality criteria. On average, about 60% of submissions are desk-rejected by associate editors. Submissions determined to be suitable for further review are distributed between the members of the editorial board, who handle the review process, which typically involves soliciting external reviews from 2-3 experts in the area. Between 2017 and 2020, the overall acceptance rate in IPL averaged 20–25%.
Established in 1971, IPL is one of the oldest journals in computer science. In its now over 50-year old history, IPL has published research contributions from leading figures in computer science research, including multiple Turing Award winners: Alan Perlis, Edsger Dijkstra, Donald Knuth, Robert Floyd, Stephen Cook, Niklaus Wirth, Richard Karp, John Hopcroft, Robert Tarjan, Ronald Rivest, Edmund Clarke, Judea Perl, Sylvio Micali, and Leslie Lamport. Among its earlier, pre-1990 articles, its list of influential papers includes the following:
Graham, R.L., An efficient algorith for determining the convex hull of a finite planar set, 1972
Hyafil, L., Rivest, R.L., Constructing optimal binary decision trees is NP-complete, 1976
Garey, M.R., Johnson, D.S., Preparata, F.P., Tarjan, R.E., Triangulating a simple polygon, 1978
Aspvall, B., Plass, M.F., Tarjan, R.E., A linear-time algorithm for testing the truth of certain quantified boolean formulas, 1979
Dijkstra, E.W., Scholten, C.S., Termination detection for diffusing computations, 1980
Peterson, G.L., Myths about the mutual exclusion problem, 1981
Crochemore, M., An optimal algorithm for computing the repetitions in a word, 1981
Fischer, M.J., Lynch, N.A., A lower bound for the time to assure interactive consistency, 1982
Alpern, B., Schneider, F.B., |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed%20Computing%20%28journal%29 | Distributed Computing is a peer-reviewed scientific journal in the field of computer science, published by Springer. The journal covers the field of distributed computing, with contributions to the theory, specification, design, and implementation of distributed systems.
External links
Computer science journals
Academic journals established in 1986
Distributed computing
Springer Science+Business Media academic journals
Bimonthly journals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segue%202 | Segue 2 is a dwarf spheroidal galaxy situated in the constellation Aries and discovered in 2009 in the data obtained by Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The galaxy is located at the distance of about from the Sun and moves towards the Sun at a speed of . It is classified as a dwarf spheroidal galaxy (dSph) meaning that it has an approximately round shape with a half-light radius of about 34 parsecs.
The name is due to the fact that it was found by the SEGUE program, the Sloan Extension for Galactic Understanding and Exploration.
Segue 2 is one of the smallest and faintest satellites of the Milky Way—its integrated luminosity is about 800 times that of the Sun (absolute visible magnitude of about −2.5), which is much lower than the luminosity of the majority of globular clusters. However, the mass of the galaxy—about 550,000 solar masses—is substantial, corresponding to the mass-to-light ratio of about 650.
The stellar population of Segue 2 consists mainly of old stars formed more than 12 billion years ago. The metallicity of these old stars is also very low at [Fe/H] < −2, which means that they contain at least 100 times less heavy elements than the Sun. The stars of Segue 2 were probably among the first stars to form in the universe. Currently, there is no star formation in Segue 2.
Segue 2 is located near the edge of Sagittarius Stream and at the same distance. It may once have been a satellite of Sagittarius Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy or its star cluster.
In June 2013 The Astrophysical Journal reported that Segue 2 was bound together with dark matter.
Around 1,000 stars are supposed to exist within the galaxy.
References
Dwarf spheroidal galaxies
Aries (constellation)
Local Group
Milky Way Subgroup
?
4713565 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010%20Northeast%20Conference%20men%27s%20basketball%20tournament | The 2010 Northeast Conference men's basketball tournament took place March 4, 7, and 10, 2010 on campus sites. One semifinal game was televised on MSG Network, and the finals were seen on ESPN2. The winner, Robert Morris, received the NEC's automatic berth in the 2010 NCAA tournament. The #1 seed received an automatic bid to the 2010 NIT as the regular season champions. This is Robert Morris's NEC leading 7th NEC tournament championship.
Format
For the sixth straight year, the NEC Men's Basketball Tournament consisted of an eight-team playoff format with all games played at the home of the higher seed. After the quarterfinals, the teams were reseeded so the highest remaining seed plays the lowest remaining seed in the semifinals. This was Bryant's first year at D-I and is ineligible for any post-season tournaments and thus not allowed to participate.
Bracket
All-tournament team
Tournament MVP in bold.
References
Tournament
Northeast Conference men's basketball tournament
Northeast Conference men's basketball tournament
Northeast Conference men's basketball tournament |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zooperstars | Zooperstars is a 2010 Philippine television informative show broadcast by GMA Network. Hosted by Gelli de Belen, Julian Trono and Sabrina Man, it premiered on February 28, 2010. The show concluded on June 27, 2010 with a total of 18 episodes.
Ratings
According to AGB Nielsen Philippines' Mega Manila household television ratings, the pilot episode of Zooperstars earned a 10.2% rating.
References
External links
2010 Philippine television series debuts
2010 Philippine television series endings
Filipino-language television shows
GMA Network original programming
Philippine television shows |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real-World%20Economics%20Review | Real-World Economics Review is a peer-reviewed open access academic journal of heterodox economics published by the "Post-Autistic Economics Network" since 2000. Since 2011 it is associated with the World Economics Association. It was known formerly as the Post-Autistic Economics Review and the Post-Autistic Economics Newsletter. Previous issues are archived on its website. Two sister journals from the same publisher are Economic Thought and World Economics Review.
The journal is part of the post-autistic economics movement, and, as such, heavily criticizes neoclassical economics. It accepts contributions from diverse schools of economic thought.
See also
Real-world economics
List of open access journals
Review of Radical Political Economics
References
External links
World Economics Association
Economics journals
Academic journals established in 2000
English-language journals
Open access journals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Feinberg | Michael Jai Feinberg is a photographer and software designer best known for creating the computer games Endorfun and Ishido. He is also the creator of lightSource Sacred Geometry software, and more recently Pypeline, a rich-media software platform.
References
Living people
American photographers
Year of birth missing (living people) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HitQuarters | HitQuarters was an international music industry publication and contact database founded in 1999. It was noted for its in-depth interviews with industry figures, as well as its A&R and manager contact directory, free artist promo pages and song sale facility, demo reviews and A&R chart, and was the sister site to the songwriting tip sheet SongQuarters. The site was sporadically active from May 2017 up until September 20, 2020, and no posts have been made on its Twitter and Facebook accounts since March and May 2015 respectively.
Focus on aiding unsigned and independent artists
The website had a strong focus on offering unsigned and independent artists, songwriters and producers with tools to help develop their music careers, whether through attracting the attentions of record label A&R and management, pitching songs and tracks, releasing and marketing music independently, or just learning more about how the music industry works.
To this aim the website featured an extensive contact database known as HitTracker, where users could find contact information for A&R, publishers, managers, producers and songwriters based on their track records, a news bulletin service, free artist promo pages, demo review feature judged by A&Rs, producers and managers, and an archive of several hundred interviews with industry figures that were geared towards offering constructive career advice and industry know-how.
Members of HitQuarters that had gone on to find success include Christelle, The Knife, Dominique Young Unique, Bobby Creekwater, Lesley Roy and State of Shock.
Interviews and features
One of HitQuarters' most prominent features was its weekly in-depth interviews with major industry figures such as A&Rs, producers, managers, songwriters, promoters and publishers. Interviewees included pop impresario and entertainment mogul Simon Cowell, industry executives and A&R Martin Kierszenbaum, Mike Caren, Jason Flom, Peter Edge, Chris Hicks, Richard Russell, Miles Leonard and Ron Fair, managers Jonathan Dickins, Dumi, Louis Walsh and Eric Härle, songwriters Diane Warren, Wayne Hector, Rami Yacoub and Andreas Carlsson, producers RedOne, Chris Braide, Steve Mac, JR Rotem, Richard X and Phil Ek, and songwriter, producer and A&R Linda Perry.
The website also ran a regular demo review feature where a changing panel of industry experts reviewed songs uploaded to the site by unsigned artists, assessing their hit potential and offering advice on how the tracks can be improved. Judges included Visible Noise CEO Julie Weir, and producers Colin Richardson and Eddie Galan and producer and publisher Steve "Blast" Wills.
A&R chart
HitQuarters founded the world's first A&R chart that measured the success of individual A&R representatives based on points accumulated from their respective artists' chart success. Most notably, 2004 saw Wind-Up Records' Diana Meltzer become the first woman to top HitQuarters' World Top 100 A&R Chart, a considerable achievement in what is tradit |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CardDAV | vCard Extensions to WebDAV (CardDAV) is an address book client/server protocol designed to allow users to access and share contact data on a server.
The CardDAV protocol was developed by the IETF and was published as in August 2011. CardDAV is based on WebDAV, which is based on HTTP, and it uses vCard for contact data.
History
CardDAV was proposed as an open standard for contact management in August 2011. It became known as a synchronization protocol in iOS 7, among other things, and is now also supported by Gmail, where it replaces the no longer supported (by Google) ActiveSync standard.
In October 2013, the standard received an update that made it possible to capture higher-resolution contact images and achieve lower data consumption.
Specification
The specification has been proposed as a standard by IETF as the RFC 6352 in August 2011 by C. Daboo from Apple Inc.
See also
Comparison of CalDAV and CardDAV implementations
CalDAV
Exchange ActiveSync
SyncML
vCard
WebDAV
References
External links
The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
CardDAV Resources
Hypertext Transfer Protocol
Servers (computing) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Csplit | The csplit command in Unix and Unix-like operating systems is a utility that is used to split a file into two or more smaller files determined by context lines.
History
csplit is part of the X/Open Portability Guide since issue 2 of 1987. It was inherited into the first version of POSIX and the Single Unix Specification. It first appeared in PWB UNIX.
The version of csplit bundled in GNU coreutils was written by Stuart Kemp and David MacKenzie. The command is available as a separate package for Microsoft Windows as part of the UnxUtils collection of native Win32 ports of common GNU Unix-like utilities.
Usage
The command-syntax is:
csplit [OPTION]... FILE PATTERN...
The patterns may be line numbers or regular expressions. The program outputs pieces of the file separated by the patterns into files xx00, xx01, etc., and outputs the size of each piece, in bytes, to standard output.
The optional parameters modify the behaviour of the program in various ways. For example, the default prefix string (xx) and number of digits (2) in the output filenames can be changed.
As with most Unix utilities, a return code of 0 indicates success, while nonzero values indicate failure.
Comparison to split
The split command also splits a file into pieces, except that all the pieces are of a fixed size (measured in lines or bytes).
See also
List of Unix commands
split (Unix)
References
Further reading
Ellen Siever, Aaron Weber, Stephen Figgins, Robert Love, Arnold Robbins, et al. Linux in a Nutshell, 5th Edition. O'Reilly Media: July 2005. .
External links
Standard Unix programs
Unix SUS2008 utilities |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiGLE | WiGLE (or Wireless Geographic Logging Engine) is a website for collecting information about the different wireless hotspots around the world. Users can register on the website and upload hotspot data like GPS coordinates, SSID, MAC address and the encryption type used on the hotspots discovered. In addition, cell tower data is uploaded and displayed.
By obtaining information about the encryption of the different hotspots, WiGLE tries to create an awareness of the need for security by running a wireless network.
The first recorded hotspot on WiGLE was uploaded in September 2001. By June 2017, WiGLE counted over 349 million recorded WiFi networks in its database, whereof 345 million was recorded with GPS coordinates and over 4.8 billion unique recorded observations. In addition, the database now contains 7.80 million unique cell towers including 7.75 million with GPS coordinates. By May 2019, WiGLE had a total of 551 million networks recorded.
Mentions in books
From Hacking for Dummies to Introduction to Neography, WiGLE is a well known resource and tool. As early as 2004, its database of 228,000 wireless networks was being used to advocate better security of Wifi. Several books mentioned the WiGLE database in 2005, including internationally, and the association with vehicles was also becoming widely known. Some associations of WiGLE have been positive, and some have been darker. By 2004, the site was sufficiently well known that the announcement of a new book quoted the co-founder, saying “This is the ‘Kama Sutra’ of wardriving literature. If you can't wardrive after reading this, nature has selected you not to. This is the first complete guide on the subject we’ve ever seen (it mentions us). Don't quote me on that.”
–Bob “bobzilla” Hagemann, WiGLE.net CoFounder" and a shortened quote appeared on the book's cover.
Mentions in academic papers
In early days, circa 2003 the lack of mapping was criticized, and was said to force WiFi seekers to use more primitive methods. "The most primitive method disseminated is warchalking, where mappers inscribe a symbolic markup on the physical premises to indicate the presence of a wireless network in the area." Regarding WiGLE in particular, it was said, "The Netstumbler map site and the Wireless Geographic Logging Engine store more detailed wardrive trace data, yet do not offer any visualization format that is particularly useful or informative." By 2004 others felt differently, however, and a WiFi news site said about "the fine folks at wigle.net who have 900,000 access points in their wardriving database," "While the maps aren't as pretty, they're quite good, and the URLs correspond to specific locations where WiFiMaps hides the URL-to-location mapping." In late 2004, other authors stated, "that war driving is now ubiquitous: a good illustration of this is provided by the WiGLE.net online database of WAPS." They also said, "The motherload of WAP maps is available on the Wireless Geographic Logging Engine |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialwok | Socialwok was a business social networking service launched in September 2009. Socialwok integrates with Google Apps and Google accounts. The service provides a feed-based format for users to share ideas, files, documents and calendars using rich media status updates. According to the homepage, the service was shut down on July 12, 2011.
History
On September 10, 2009, Socialwok won the TechCrunch50 Demopit award. It was the first Singapore-based company to do so. Five days later, on September 15, 2009, the service launched at the TechCrunch50 conference.
Service
Socialwok is built on Google App Engine, Google's cloud computing service.
References
External links
Socialwok
Singaporean social networking websites |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibroblast%20growth%20factor%20and%20mesoderm%20formation | This article is about the role of Fibroblast Growth Factor Signaling in Mesoderm Formation.
Mesoderm formation is a complex developmental process involving an intricate network of signaling pathways that coordinate their activities to ensure that a selective group of cells will eventually give rise to mesodermal tissues in the adult organism. Fibroblast growth factor contributes to this process not only by promoting mesoderm formation, but also by inhibiting endodermal development.
Introduction
During early vertebrate development, the stage is set for the specification of the three germ layers : endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm, which will give rise to the adult organism. The mesoderm will eventually differentiate into numerous tissues including muscles and blood. This process requires the precise integration of a variety of signaling pathways such as the transforming growth factor type β (TGFβ), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), and Wnt, to achieve the induction, specification, formation and differentiation of the mesoderm layer within a given time and space.
Network of signaling pathways
Members of the TGF-β superfamily, Activin and Nodal, are essential for mesodermal induction, while FGF and Wnt are in charge of its maintenance and BMP is responsible for its patterning (2, 4). It is important to note that these pathways, in turn, depend on each other. For example, in Xenopus, disruption of FGF signaling results in the inhibition of the Nodal-dependent induction and formation of trunk and tail mesoderm (5,6), demonstrating that TGF-β dependent mesodermal induction is itself dependent on FGF signaling (7).
FGF signaling
During the blastula and gastrula stages, vegetal cells (the presumptive endoderm), release signals to marginal zone cells resulting in the induction and patterning of the mesoderm (1, 8, 24). One of these signals, FGF, achieves this through the regulation of T box transcription factors, a strategy which is shared among Xenopus, mouse and zebrafish (9). Upon FGF binding to its receptor, FGFR, the receptor pair dimerizes and is transphosphorylated, enabling it to recruit proteins that activate Ras and Raf. This is followed by the subsequent phosphorylation of MEK and MAPK. MAPK can then enter into the nucleus and activate target transcription factors (2).
Regulation of T box transcription factors
In particular, three T box transcription factors, Brachyury (frogs) or No tail (fish) (10), VegT (frog) or Spadetail (fish), and Tbx6 (fish and frogs) (11) are important FGF targets that play a key role in mesoderm formation (12,13). In Xenopus, zebrafish and mouse, Brachyury (bra), is required for posterior formation (9). FGF is necessary for the initial localization of Xbra to the dorsal side of the embryo in the marginal zone as well as for establishing and maintaining proper expression of the transcript. Disruption of FGF signaling with an FGFR inhibitor, SU5402, results in loss of Xbra expressio |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SequenceVariantAnalyzer | SequenceVariantAnalyzer (SVA) is a computer program for annotating and analyzing genetic variants called (identified) from a whole genome or exome sequencing study (Shotgun sequencing).
Introduction
Background
DNA sequence information underpins genetic research, enabling discoveries of important biological or medical benefit. Compared with previous discovery strategies, a whole-genome sequencing study is no longer constrained by differing patterns of linkage disequilibrium, thus, in theory, is more possible to directly identify the genetic variants contributing to biological traits or medical outcomes.
The rapidly evolving high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies have now allowed the rapid generation of large amounts of sequence data for the purpose of performing such whole-genome sequencing studies, at a reasonable cost. SequenceVariantAnalyzer, or SVA, is software that analyzes genetic variants identified in such studies.
Functions
SVA is designed for two specific aims:
(1) To annotate the biological functions of the identified genetic variants and group them, conveniently;
(2) To find the genetic variants that are associated with or responsible for the biological traits or medical outcomes of interest.
Language
SVA is developed on the Java platform.
Authors
SVA is developed and maintained by Dr. Dongliang Ge and Dr. David B. Goldstein at Duke University, Center for Human Genome Variation.
References
External links
SVA project website
Genetics software |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bo%C3%B6tes%20III | Boötes III is an overdensity in the Milky Way's halo, which may be a disrupted dwarf spheroidal galaxy. It is situated in the constellation Boötes and was discovered in 2009 in the data obtained by Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The galaxy is located at the distance of about 46 kpc from the Sun and moves away from it at the speed of about 200 km/s. It has an elongated shape (axis ratio of 2:1) with the radius of about 0.5 kpc. The large size and an irregular shape may indicate that Boötes III in a transitional phase between a gravitationally bound galaxy and completely unbound system.
Boötes III is one of the smallest and faintest satellites of the Milky Way—its integrated luminosity is about 18,000 times that of the Sun (absolute visible magnitude of about −5.8), which is much lower than the luminosity of many globular clusters. The mass of Boötes III is difficult to estimate because the galaxy is in process of being disrupted. In this case the velocity dispersion of its stars is not related to its mass.
The stellar population of Boötes III consists mainly of moderately old stars formed more than 12 billion years ago. The metallicity of these old stars is low at , which means that they contain 120 times less heavy elements than the Sun. Boötes III might be the source of stars of the Styx stream in the galactic halo, which was discovered together with this galaxy.
References
Dwarf spheroidal galaxies
4713562
Boötes
Local Group
Milky Way Subgroup
? |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economists%20for%20Peace%20and%20Security | Economists for Peace and Security (EPS) is a New York–based, United Nations accredited and registered global organization and network of thought-leading economists, political scientists, and security experts founded in 1989 that promotes non-military solutions to world challenges, and more broadly, works towards freedom from fear and freedom from want for all.
Since 1995 EPS has been registered with the United Nations Economic and Social Council and the United Nations Department of Public Information. Since 2006 the UK branch of EPS publishes a peer reviewed journal, the Economists for Peace and Security Journal (EPSJ).
In 1995 EPS was involved with criticism of the United States Navy in Vieques, Puerto Rico, producing several reports on the subject.
Notable trustees of EPS include Kenneth Arrow and Lawrence Klein (founding trustees); Amartya Sen, Joseph Stiglitz, Robert Reich and Óscar Arias. James K. Galbraith was named Chair of the Board of Directors in 1996. Linda Bilmes was named Co-chair of the Board in 2020. Beginning in 2005, Bilmes and Trustee Joseph Stiglitz drew attention to the economic costs of the US wars in Iraq and Afghanistan at EPS sponsored panels of the American Economic Association.
In June 2017, EPS co hosted a conference in Brussels on NATO and the future of the transatlantic defense partnership with the Royal Military Academy of Belgium, which emphasized discussion on the geostrategic changes and economic trends in global defense. Topics included regional security, economics of security, globalization and global security, economics of conflict and war, economics of the arms trade, arms races and alliances, and the economics of terrorism.
History and background
Inspired by International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War, it was founded in 1989 as Economists Against the Arms Race (ECAAR), before becoming Economists Allied for Arms Reduction (ECAAR) in 1993. It adopted its present name in 2005. Stockbroker Robert J. Schwartz led its creation.
Public figures and prominent members
The Economists for Peace and Security Board of Trustees has seventeen Nobel peace prize laureates in the prize for economics, including Joseph Stiglitz, Amartya Sen of Harvard University, Lawrence Klein, Óscar Arias, George Akerlof, Kenneth Arrow, Daniel McFadden, Roger Myerson, Thomas Schelling, William F. Sharpe of Stanford University, Robert Solow, Franco Modigliani of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sir Clive Granger, Wassily Leontief, Douglass North, Jan Tinbergen, and James Tobin of Harvard University and Yale University.
Other notable trustees include Former US Secretary of Labor Robert Reich, Former Prime Minister of Greece George Papandreou, Former US Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara.
Publications
ECAAR Review 2003: conflict or development?, Economists Allied for Arms Reduction, 2003,
Walter Isard, Charles H. Anderton (1992), Economics of arms reduction and the peace process: contributions from peace eco |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph%20sandwich%20problem | In graph theory and computer science, the graph sandwich problem is a problem of finding a graph that belongs to a particular family of graphs and is "sandwiched" between two other graphs, one of which must be a subgraph and the other of which must be a supergraph of the desired graph.
Graph sandwich problems generalize the problem of testing whether a given graph belongs to a family of graphs, and have attracted attention because of their
applications and as a natural generalization of recognition problems.
Problem statement
More precisely, given a vertex set V, a mandatory edge set E1,
and a larger edge set E2,
a graph G = (V, E) is called a sandwich graph for the pair
G1 = (V, E1), G2 = (V, E2) if
E1 ⊆ E ⊆ E2.
The graph sandwich problem for property Π is defined as follows:
Graph Sandwich Problem for Property Π:
Instance: Vertex set V and edge sets E1 ⊆ E2 ⊆ V × V.
Question: Is there a graph G = (V, E) such that E1 ⊆ E ⊆ E2 and G satisfies property Π ?
The recognition problem for a class of graphs (those satisfying a property Π)
is equivalent to the particular graph sandwich problem where
E1 = E2, that is, the optional edge set is empty.
Computational complexity
The graph sandwich problem is NP-complete when Π is the property of being a chordal graph, comparability graph, permutation graph, chordal bipartite graph, or chain graph. It can be solved in polynomial time for split graphs, threshold graphs, and graphs in which every five vertices contain at most one four-vertex induced path.
The complexity status has also been settled for the H-free graph sandwich problems
for each of the four-vertex graphs H.
References
Further reading
.
Computational problems in graph theory |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankh%3A%20Battle%20of%20the%20Gods | Ankh: Battle of the Gods (also known as Ankh 3 and Ankh 3: Battle of the Gods) is a third-person adventure video game, released in 2007 for the Windows and Macintosh computers, developed by Deck13 and published by BHV Software. As with Ankh and Ankh: Heart of Osiris, Ankh: Battle of the Gods utilises a modified version of the Ogre 3D graphics engine.
Gameplay
Typical to point-and-click adventure games, the characters are controlled with the mouse. Puzzles feature heavily, and are solved by identifying a keyspot within the visible area or by collecting vital items and then activating them in a given location. During the conversations between the characters, the player can select one of several dialogue options, some of which are essential to the puzzles later in the game.
Plot
Players again assume the role of Assil, the protagonist of the two earlier Ankh games, and must prevent Seth, the god of chaos and the desert, from subjugating Ancient Egypt. The additional characters of Thara, Assil's girlfriend, and the Pharaoh are available to control at certain points during the game.
Development
Like its two predecessors, Battle of the Gods was developed by Deck13.
Reception
Domestic
International
Upon release, Ankh: Battle of the Gods received mixed reviews. Commentators praised the stylised cartoon graphics, humour and charm retained from the earlier games in the series. Adventure Gamers remarked that the variety of in-game locations had "allowed the artists to creatively apply their talents, and Battle of the Gods is nothing if not lovely to look at." The music was credited as being excellent, providing "a welcome atmospheric backdrop." In addition, the simplicity of the user interface and inventory system were noted as positive aspects. However, criticisms of the game focused on poorly developed side characters, lacklustre dialogue and the difficulty of certain puzzles.
See also
Overclocked: A History of Violence
Runaway 2: The Dream of the Turtle
References
External links
Official Ankh series website
Official Deck13 website
Official Ogre 3D website
Xider Games website
2007 video games
Adventure games
Bhv Software games
Deck13 games
MacOS games
Single-player video games
Video games based on Egyptian mythology
Video games developed in Germany
Video games set in Egypt
Windows games |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dam%20999 | Dam 999 is a 2011 English-language 3-D science fiction disaster film. A co-production between the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and India, it was produced by BizTV Network, UAE and directed by Sohan Roy. The film is based on the award-winning short documentary DAMs - The Lethal Water Bombs, and the Banqiao dam disaster of 1975 that claimed the lives of 250,000 people in China and anticipated calamity for outdated dams in the world.
Apart from being a controversial movie in India with respect to its theme, the Screenplay of the movie was added to the permanent core collection in Library of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences before its release in 2011.
Plot
The story encompasses around nine characters portraying nine variants of emotion (Navarasa) and an outdated dam.
The story starts with Vinay (Vinay Rai), who is a mariner and works in ships. One day he visits his native place, somewhere in Kerala, with his son Sam (Jineeth Rath) to meet his father Shankaran (Rajit Kapur). Shankaran is a village doctor or 'Vaidyan' and is also a master in astrology and the ancient sciences. Sam is a diabetic and Vinay wanted to have him treated by his grandfather. Another storyline is that of the orphan Meera (Vimala Raman), who has been staying with Shankaran since her childhood, treated as his own daughter and who helps him treat various patients. Vinay and Meera share a special bond and love each other. When Shankaran studies their horoscopes, he learns that whenever they would express their love towards each other, something terrible would happen. Learning this Meera sacrifices her love, and thus Vinay marries Sandra (Linda Arsenio) who is a TV journalist. Now after a long time when Vinay returns home with his son, his special bond with Meera develops again with Meera reciprocating the feeling as well. On a parallel track, a corrupt Mayor - Durai (Ashish Vidyarthi)- is fighting an issue of an old dam in his area. Towards the end a leak is discovered inside the dam, and when a heavy storm and rains hit on the same day, a high alert is declared.
Cast
Vinay Rai as Vinay Shankaran
Joshua Fredric Smith as Captain Fredrick Brown
Linda Arsenio as Sandra, a TV journalist and Vinay's wife
Vimala Raman as Meera, Vinay's love interest
Parvathy Renjith as younger Meera
Megha Burman as Raziya, a Pakistani Girl and Freddy's wife
Rajit Kapur as Shankaran, Vinay's father
Jineeth Rath as Sam Vinay, Vinay's son
Ashish Vidyarthi as Durai, the antagonist
Jaala Pickering as Freddy's invalid sister
Urmila Unni as Vinay's mother
S. P. Sreekumar
Bineesh Bastin
Production
Development
The movie is tributed to the 250,000 people who lost their lives in the 1975 Banqiao Dam disaster in China. As per producer-director Sohan, "The central character of the story is this dam and the life of a few mariners living near it. There are nine characters in the movie, representing the Navarasa. I believe that every individual is born with a sthayi bhava, but when his su |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twin%20%28windowing%20system%29 | Twin (acronym for "Textmode WINdow") is a windowing environment with mouse support, window manager, terminal emulator and networked clients, all inside a text mode display. Twin is tested on Linux (x86, PowerPC/Power ISA, DEC Alpha, SPARC), FreeBSD, and macOS.
History
Written by Massimiliano Ghilardi, Twin started in 1993 as his first big program for PC DOS immediately after having learned the C programming language; but he soon abandoned it, since within DOS there was no multitasking, consequently he could not have any other program run inside the windows drawn by Twin. In late 1999, he resurrected twin by porting it to Linux.
Usage
The terminal emulator Eterm has an interface layer named Escreen for interoperating with the terminal multiplexers GNU Screen or Twin. This allows Eterm to support multiple sub-shell sessions within a single window. This feature works similarly to the "tabbed" sessions offered by terminal emulators such as Konsole or GNOME Terminal. However, being an interface to existing software, Escreen has the advantage of providing additional capabilities like multiple regions per display, detach/reattach capability, seamless remote session support, firewall support, and more.
Twin supports a variety of displays:
plain text computer terminals (any termcap/ncurses compatible terminal, the virtual console, Twin's own terminal emulator);
X11, where it can be used as a multi-window Xterm;
itself (it is possible to display a Twin on, or "inside", another Twin);
twdisplay, a general network-transparent display client, used to attach/detach more displays "on the fly".
See also
Computer accessibility
Text user interface (TUI)
General Graphics Interface (GGI)
DESQview, accomplished a similar goal on old IBM PCs running MSDOS
References
External links
Free windowing systems
Terminal multiplexers
Text user interface |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadleigh%20Railway | The Hadleigh Railway was a long single track branch railway line in Suffolk, England, that connected Hadleigh to the main line railway network at Bentley Junction. It was built by the nominally independent Eastern Union and Hadleigh Junction Railway company and opened in 1847. By the time of opening it had been taken over by the larger Eastern Union Railway.
It was never successful commercially, nor in reviving the fortunes of Hadleigh itself, and passenger services were withdrawn in 1932, followed by total closure in 1965.
The northernmost two mile stretch of the trackbed, from the station site in Hadleigh to the site of Raydon Wood Station, now forms the Hadleigh Railway Walk.
Unfulfilled schemes
At the time of the earliest railways, the town of Hadleigh was an important centre of the wool and clothing industry. The Eastern Counties Railway was incorporated in 1836 to build a railway from London to Yarmouth; the capital was £1.6 million. This was a prodigious project, and in fact the actual cost greatly overran, so that all the money was spent and the railway only reached Colchester.
When the ECR reappraised its plans, it proposed to build from Colchester to Bury St Edmunds through Hadleigh, putting Ipswich on a branch from the town, but this scheme came to nothing.
Local interests were dismayed that their railway connections was to be denied to them, and in 1844 the Eastern Union Railway was incorporated, to build from Ipswich to Colchester, possibly to include Norwich in its network. However this line was not to connect Hadleigh, and by 1844 merchants in the town had seen the adverse effect on formerly prosperous towns that were by-passed by main lines.
Local people promoted a branch line scheme to connect Hadleigh with Bentley station on the Eastern Union Railway main line, seven miles away. There was intense competition between the Eastern Union Railway and the rival Eastern Counties Railway: the object was to capture as much territory as possible. From the EUR point of view, the Hadleigh branch would cut off the possible advance of the ECR. Accordingly the EUR supported the local scheme, which was nevertheless promoted in Parliament as an independent project.
Authorisation and construction
The Eastern Union and Hadleigh Junction Railway was incorporated by Act of 18 June 1846; the share capital was to be £75,000. The Eastern Union Railway had opened its main line for goods traffic on 1 June 1846, and passenger operation started on 15 June 1846. The EUR wasted no time in indicating a wish to bring the EU&HJR company into its own control, and the EU&HJR was amenable. When the contract for construction was to be let, the EUR Board were invited to ratify it. The contractor selected was George Wythes.
Nevertheless the EU&HJR directors now considered that an extension of their line to Lavenham, an important town in the wool industry, was desirable, and they put in hand the necessary measures to secure parliamentary authorisation for t |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St.%20Paul%20University%20System | The St. Paul University System is a network of Catholic higher education institutions in the Philippines run by the Sisters of St. Paul of Chartres (SPC).
The System was officially awarded accreditation on March 10, 2004. Administered by the (SPC) Congregation of the Sisters of St. Paul of Chartres (E-1904), it consists of seven campuses around the Philippines, namely St. Paul University Philippines in Tuguegarao City, St. Paul University Manila, St. Paul University Quezon City, St. Paul University Dumaguete, St. Paul University Iloilo, St. Paul University Surigao and St. Paul College of Ilocos Sur. The St. Paul University System is the first university system recognized by the Commission of Higher Education.
References
Catholic universities and colleges in the Philippines
Higher education in the Philippines |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell%20Control%20Box | Shell Control Box (SCB) is a network security appliance that controls privileged access to remote IT systems, records activities in replayable audit trails, and prevents malicious actions. For example, it records as a system administrator updates a file server or a third-party network operator configures a router. The recorded audit trails can be replayed like a movie to review the events as they occurred. The content of the audit trails is indexed to make searching for events and automatic reporting possible.
SCB is a Linux-based device developed by Balabit. It is an application level proxy gateway. In 2017, Balabit changed the name of the product to Privileged Session Management (PSM) and repositioned it as the core module of its Privileged Access Management solution.
Main Features
Balabit’s Privileged Session Management (PSM), Shell Control Box (SCB) is a device that controls, monitors, and audits remote administrative access to servers and network devices. It is a tool to oversee system administrators by controlling the encrypted connections used for administration. PSM (SCB) has full control over the SSH, RDP, Telnet, TN3270, TN5250, Citrix ICA, and VNC connections, providing a framework (with solid boundaries) for the work of the administrators.
Gateway Authentication
PSM (SCB) acts as an authentication gateway, enforcing strong authentication before users access IT assets. PSM can also integrate to user directories (for example, a Microsoft Active Directory) to resolve the group memberships of the users who access the protected servers. Credentials for accessing the server are retrieved transparently from PSM’s credential store or a third-party password management system by PSM impersonating the authenticated user. This automatic password retrieval protects the confidentiality of passwords as users can never access them.
Access Control
PSM controls and audits privileged access over the most wide-spread protocols such as SSH, RDP, or HTTP(s). The detailed access management helps to control who can access what and when on servers. It is also possible to control advanced features of the protocols, like the type of channels permitted. For example, unneeded channels like file transfer or file sharing can be disabled, reducing the security risk on the server. With PSM policies for privileged access can be enforced in one single system.
4-eyes Authorization
To avoid accidental misconfiguration and other human errors, PSM supports the 4-eyes authorization principle. This is achieved by requiring an authorizer to allow administrators to access the server. The authorizer also has the possibility to monitor – and terminate - the session of the administrator in real-time, as if they were watching the same screen.
Real-time Monitoring and Session Termination
PSM can monitor the network traffic in real time, and execute various actions if a certain pattern (for example, a suspicious command, window title or text) appears on the screen. PSM can als |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-Estonia%20Briefing%20Centre | e-Estonia Briefing Centre was established in 2009 by MicroLink Eesti AS, Santa Monica Networks AS, Datel AS, Elion Ettevõtted AS, EMT AS ja Ülemiste City AS as The Estonian ICT Demo Centre. From 2014-2019 it was known as the e-Estonia Showroom, becoming the e-Estonia Briefing Centre in February 2019. The centre tells the story of e-Estonia, called the most advanced digital society by Wired magazine. Presentations are given to visiting delegations interested in digitalisation and the centre aims to educate policy makers, political leaders, and bring together Estonian companies with visitors from all over the world.
The Briefing Centre has become an important destination in Tallinn, hosting over 10,000 international decision-makers every year from 135 different countries including presidents and ministers to CEOs and journalists. Most notable visitors include King Philippe of Belgium, King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands, Chancellor of Germany Angela Merkel and more.
Background
The Demo Centre was opened on January 29, 2009 in the Ustus Agur House in Ülemiste City and it became a subdivision of Enterprise Estonia in 2014. In February 2019, the centre was relocated to Valukoja 8, where it became the e-Estonia Briefing Centre.
Current activities
e-Estonia Briefing Centre is located in the Öpik Building, Ülemiste City business district in Tallinn, where it hosts international decision-makers from the public and private sector and coordinates G2G, B2G and B2B relations. Visitors have the chance to learn about what it takes to build a digital society, from electronic ID to data privacy, cyber security and much more. The centre also provides customised programmes for delegations with deeper and more specific interests.
In addition, the Briefing Centre has a central role in the development of the e-Estonia brand and country promotion. This includes coordinating online communication and representation in international conferences.
References
Organizations based in Estonia
2009 establishments in Estonia
Organizations established in 2009
Science and technology in Estonia |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite%20navigation%20solution | Satellite navigation solution for the receiver's position (geopositioning) involves an algorithm. In essence, a GNSS receiver measures the transmitting time of GNSS signals emitted from four or more GNSS satellites (giving the pseudorange) and these measurements are used to obtain its position (i.e., spatial coordinates) and reception time.
Calculation steps
A global-navigation-satellite-system (GNSS) receiver measures the apparent transmitting time, , or "phase", of GNSS signals emitted from four or more GNSS satellites ( ), simultaneously.
GNSS satellites broadcast the messages of satellites' ephemeris, , and intrinsic clock bias (i.e., clock advance), as the functions of (atomic) standard time, e.g., GPST.
The transmitting time of GNSS satellite signals, , is thus derived from the non-closed-form equations and , where is the relativistic clock bias, periodically risen from the satellite's orbital eccentricity and Earth's gravity field. The satellite's position and velocity are determined by as follows: and .
In the field of GNSS, "geometric range", , is defined as straight range, or 3-dimensional distance, from to in inertial frame (e.g., Earth-centered inertial (ECI) one), not in rotating frame.
The receiver's position, , and reception time, , satisfy the light-cone equation of in inertial frame, where is the speed of light. The signal time of flight from satellite to receiver is .
The above is extended to the satellite-navigation positioning equation, , where is atmospheric delay (= ionospheric delay + tropospheric delay) along signal path and is the measurement error.
The Gauss–Newton method can be used to solve the nonlinear least-squares problem for the solution: , where . Note that should be regarded as a function of and .
The posterior distribution of and is proportional to , whose mode is . Their inference is formalized as maximum a posteriori estimation.
The posterior distribution of is proportional to .
The solution illustrated
The GPS case
For Global Positioning System (GPS), the non-closed-form equations in step 3 result in
in which is the orbital eccentric anomaly of satellite , is the mean anomaly, is the eccentricity, and .
The above can be solved by using the bivariate Newton–Raphson method on and . Two times of iteration will be necessary and sufficient in most cases. Its iterative update will be described by using the approximated inverse of Jacobian matrix as follows:
Tropospheric delay should not be ignored, while the Global Positioning System (GPS) specification doesn't provide its detailed description.
The GLONASS case
The GLONASS ephemerides don't provide clock biases , but .
See also
Time to first fix
Notes
In the field of GNSS, is called pseudorange, where is a provisional reception time of the receiver. is called receiver's clock bias (i.e., clock advance).
Standard GNSS receivers output and per an observation epoch.
The temporal variation in the relativistic cloc |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20N.%20Carrico%20Jr. | William "Bill" N. Carrico Jr. (born February 12, 1950) is an American computer scientist and businessman who founded several technology companies in Silicon Valley. He was the president and CEO of 3Com, senior vice president of Cisco Systems, and chairman of Packet Design.
Education
Carrico graduated from Santa Clara University in 1972 with a Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering (BSEE).
Career
Carrico worked for Fairchild Semiconductor and Zilog. He and Judith Estrin co-founded Bridge Communications in 1981, which merged with 3Com in 1987. The couple joined Network Computing Devices in 1988. Carrico and Estrin also co-founded Precept Software in 1995 (acquired by Cisco Systems in 1998) and Packet Design in 2000.
References
Santa Clara University alumni
Living people
Engineers from California
American venture capitalists
American computer scientists
American electrical engineers
Businesspeople from California
Year of birth uncertain
1950 births |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge%20Communications | Bridge Communications, Inc. was founded by Judy Estrin and Bill Carrico in 1981 and was based in Mountain View, California. Bridge Communications made computer network bridges, routers, and communications servers. They specialized in inter-connecting different kinds of networks.
According to Judy Estrin, Bridge Communications shipped the first commercial router.
Bridge Communications was acquired by 3Com on September 30, 1987.
References
Defunct networking companies
Defunct computer companies of the United States |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill%20Carrico | Bill or William Carrico may refer to:
Charles William Carrico Sr. (born 1961), known as Bill, American politician from Virginia
William N. Carrico Jr., known as Bill, computer scientist and businessman |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slinger%27s%20Day | Slinger's Day is a British sitcom that aired for two series from 1986 to 1987, made by Thames Television for the ITV network. It was a continuation of Tripper's Day, which had originally come to a natural end after Leonard Rossiter's death, and, despite the overwhelmingly negative response it had drawn from reviewers and a section of the viewing public, was revived this time with Bruce Forsyth as a different character to Rossiter but fulfilling the same role, that of the manager of a London supermarket with largely incompetent staff.
Like Tripper's Day, it was created by Brian Cooke, however, in contrast to the previous series, Cooke only wrote two episodes of the twelve episodes, more than half of them being written by Vince Powell with others being written by Alex Shearer and Sorry! creators Ian Davidson and Peter Vincent, and one episode written by the prolific Andrew Marshall and David Renwick.
Slinger's Day represented Forsyth's only ever situation comedy acting role, and he remained more associated with stand-up routines and gameshows.
Plot
Cecil Slinger (played by Forsyth) is designated by the Supafare supermarket chain as the new manager in the branch that had previously been run by Norman Tripper. Like his predecessor, Slinger is forced to manage a supermarket branch that employs possibly the worst supermarket staff in the world: Mr. Christian (played by Clarkson), the cheerful but naïve assistant manager; Fred (played by Kelly), a lazy, alcoholic and inept security guard; Hardie (played by Bird), the union shop steward; as well as Higgins, Hardie's assistant of sorts (played by Paul), secretary Sylvia (played by Crowther) and checkout cashier Dottie (played by Licorish).
Fred replaced Alf (played in Tripper's by Gordon Gostelow), and in the second series Sylvia was replaced by Miss Foster (played by Church) and Dottie was replaced by Shirley (played by de Paza).
Cast
The three main actors credited in the opening credits of Tripper's Day (Leonard Rossiter, Pat Ashton and Gordon Gostelow) did not reprise their roles for Slinger's Day, with the Rossiter and Gostelow roles replaced respectively by Bruce Forsyth and David Kelly. Many of the supporting cast of Tripper's Day did reprise their roles for the show, however only Philip Bird and Paul Clarkson appeared in both series of Slinger's Day.
Bruce Forsyth as Cecil Slinger
David Kelly as Fred
Philip Bird as Hardie
Paul Clarkson as Mr Christian
Andrew Paul as Higgins (series 1)
Vicky Licorish as Dottie (series 1)
Liz Crowther as Sylvia (series 1)
Suzanne Church as Miss Foster (series 2)
Jacqueline De Peza as Shirley (series 2)
Charlie Hawkins as Colin Wilkins (series 2)
Episodes
Series 1 (1986)
Series 2 (1987)
Home media
The complete series of Slinger's Day was released on 23 April 2012.
See also
Check It Out! (Canadian-produced series following the Tripper's/Slinger's format with Don Adams)
References
Mark Lewisohn, BBC Online Comedy Guide/Radio Times Guide to TV Comed |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discoverability | Discoverability is the degree to which something, especially a piece of content or information, can be found in a search of a file, database, or other information system. Discoverability is a concern in library and information science, many aspects of digital media, software and web development, and in marketing, since products and services cannot be used if people cannot find it or do not understand what it can be used for.
Metadata, or "information about information," such as a book's title, a product's description, or a website's keywords, affects how discoverable something is on a database or online. Adding metadata to a product that is available online can make it easier for end users to find the product. For example, if a song file is made available online, making the title, name of the band, genre, year of release, and other pertinent information available in connection with this song means the file can be retrieved more easily. Organizing information by putting it into alphabetical order or including it in a search engine is an example of how to improve discoverability.
Discoverability is related to, but different from, accessibility and usability, other qualities that affect the usefulness of a piece of information.
Etymology
The concept of "discoverability" in an information science and online context is a loose borrowing from the concept of the similar name in the legal profession. In law, "discovery" is a pre-trial procedure in a lawsuit in which each party, through the law of civil procedure, can obtain evidence from the other party or parties by means of discovery devices such as a request for answers to interrogatories, request for production of documents, request for admissions and depositions. Discovery can be obtained from non-parties using subpoenas. When a discovery request is objected to, the requesting party may seek the assistance of the court by filing a motion to compel discovery.
Purpose
The usability of any piece of information directly relates to how discoverable it is, either in a "walled garden" database or on the open Internet. The quality of information available on this database or on the Internet depends upon the quality of the meta-information about each item, product, or service. In the case of a service, because of the emphasis placed on service reusability, opportunities should exist for reuse of this service. However, reuse is only possible if information is discoverable in the first place. To make items, products, and services discoverable, the process is as follows:
Document the information about the item, product or service (the metadata) in a consistent manner.
Store the documented information (metadata) in a searchable repository.
while technically a human-searchable repository, such as a printed paper list would qualify, "searchable repository" is usually taken to mean a computer-searchable repository, such as a database that a human user can search using some type of search engine or "find" |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport%20in%20Brussels | Brussels has an extensive network of both private or public transportation means. Public transportation includes Brussels buses, trams, and metro (all three operated by the STIB/MIVB), as well as a set of railway lines (operated by Infrabel) and railway stations served by public trains (operated by the SNCB/NMBS). Air transport is available via one of the city's two airports (Brussels Airport and Brussels South Charleroi Airport), and boat transport is available via the Port of Brussels. Bicycle-sharing and car-sharing public systems are also available. The city is relatively car-dependent by northern European standards and is considered to be the most congested city in the world according to the INRIX traffic survey.
The complexity of the Belgian political landscape makes some transportation issues difficult to solve. The Brussels-Capital Region is surrounded by the Flemish and Walloon regions, which means that the airports, as well as many roads serving Brussels (most notably the Brussels Ring) are located in the other two Belgian regions. In the Brussels Region itself, two ministers are currently responsible for transport: Pascal Smet for public transport and the Port of Brussels and for other transportation topics.
Metro and light rail
Brussels Metro
The Brussels Metro was first opened in 1976 and has been expanding since, to comprise as of 2009 a set of four metro lines serving a total of 60 metro stations, most of which are underground. Line 1 connects Gare de l'Ouest/Weststation to the east of the city. Line 2 runs in a loop around the city centre. Line 5 runs between the west to the south-east of the city via the centre. Line 6 connects the King Baudouin Stadium at the north-west of Brussels, to the city centre, ending by a loop around the centre in the same way as line 2. Lines 3 and 4 are operated by major Brussels trams.
Brussels trams
Brussels trams are an old transportation means in Brussels, operated by the Brussels Intercommunal Transport Company (STIB/MIVB) from 1954 on, but existing since 1869. The Brussels tram system evolved a lot over time, from a rise in the first half of the 20th century ( of tram rails were serviced in 1955) to a fall in the second half of the 20th century due to the popularisation of transport by bus and by car. In 1988 only of tram rails remained in Brussels. Finally, the reduced tram network was extended in the late 2000s with the extension of existing lines from in 2007 to in 2017.
Heavy rail
The Infrabel railway network has a total of eight lines used by passenger trains, which lie partly of completely within the region of Brussels. Those lines serve a total of 29 railway stations in Brussels, all of which are operated by the National Railway Company of Belgium (SNCB/NMBS) and offer connections with one or more STIB/MIVB bus, tram and/or metro lines. This system is planned to be upgraded to the Brussels Regional Express Network (RER/GEN). Brussels-South railway station is a major station on |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular%20constraint | In artificial intelligence and operations research, a regular constraint is a kind of global constraint. It can be used to solve a particular type of puzzle called a nonogram or logigrams.
External links
Paltzer, Nikos. Regular Language Membership Constraint
Constraint programming |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/So%20You%20Think%20You%20Can%20Dance%20%28American%20season%207%29 | So You Think You Can Dance is an American television reality program and dance competition airing on the Fox Broadcasting Company network. Season seven premiered on May 27, 2010. In the August 12 finale, contemporary/jazz dancer Lauren Froderman was named "America's Favorite Dancer" and received the grand prize of $250,000, as well as an appearance on the cover of Dance Spirit magazine and in print advertising for Gatorade. Contemporary dancer Kent Boyd was named runner-up.
Judging panel
Nigel Lythgoe and Adam Shankman returned as permanent judges and Cat Deeley returned to host. Mary Murphy stepped down from her judging position, but guest judged during Las Vegas week and made an appearance at the finale. Mia Michaels became the third permanent judge for this season. During the auditions, various guest judges joined Lythgoe, including Shankman and Michaels along with others. This was Michaels' only season as a permanent judge. It was announced in early 2011 that Murphy would return as a permanent judge for season 8. Michaels left because she felt she didn't fit well on the panel and wanted to do her own work without being linked to the show.
Auditions
Open auditions
Las Vegas week
Judges: Nigel Lythgoe, Mary Murphy, Adam Shankman, Toni Redpath, Lil' C, Tyce Diorio Day 1 kicks off with individual solos, Day 2 is hip-hop, Day 3 is cha-cha, Day 4 is broadway, Day 5 is group routines, Day 6 is Contemporary, and the final day is individual solos.
The Las Vegas callbacks were held at Planet Hollywood Resort and Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada.
Finals
Format changes
Executive producer Nigel Lythgoe has stated numerous format changes for this season.
Instead of naming a top 20 to compete in the finals, the show planned on selecting a top 10 - they ended up accepting an extra dancer to create a top 11. The contestants were informed of their inclusion in the finals by the judges either traveling to each dancer's home or personally telephoning them to reveal their fate. This is in contrast to previous seasons where the contestants walked down a long corridor to face the judging panel.
Rather than partnering up the contestants with each other, partners were chosen at random each week from a pool of All-Stars composed of top dancers that have appeared in previous seasons of the show, and the competitors performed in their All-Star partners' specialized style. Additionally, rather than eliminating a pair of contestants each week, contestants were voted on as individuals from the beginning of the competition, and only one was eliminated per week. Only three contestants were featured in the finale, as opposed to the usual four.
On June 16, 2010—the first performance show—host Cat Deeley revealed that the phone numbers viewers needed to dial to vote for their favorite contestant(s) were changed to 1-888-6BEST## from the usual 1-888-TEMPO##, ## being the numerical order of the contestant. This year also marks the first season in which, just like the results |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceridian-UCLA%20Pulse%20of%20Commerce%20Index | The Ceridian-UCLA Pulse of Commerce Index (PCI) is based on real-time diesel fuel consumption data for over-the-road trucking and serves as an indicator of the state and possible future direction of the U.S. economy. By tracking the volume and location of fuel being purchased, the index closely monitors the over-the-road movement of raw materials, goods-in-process, and finished goods to U.S. factories, retailers, and consumers.
Working with economists at UCLA Anderson School of Management and Charles River Associates, Ceridian provides the index monthly and also offers companies access to more detailed fuel-use information.
(Appears to be discontinued as of June 2012)
Compiling and analyzing the data
Through Ceridian’s electronic card payment services for the transportation industry, diesel sales for freight haulage can be tracked and analyzed on a yearly, monthly, weekly and daily basis. Millions of these fuel transactions are processed each year, and the data provides evidence about the status and direction of the U.S. economy.
Each time a road truck makes a diesel fuel purchase using a Ceridian card, Ceridian's database captures the location and number of gallons pumped into the tank. The data is then analyzed to provide a detailed picture of road trucking activity along U.S. interstates and at cities, shipping ports, manufacturing centers, and border crossings with Canada and Mexico.
Pulse of Commerce Index and the broader economy
In contrast to other economic indicators, which have a lag time or are based only on surveys of business leaders’ attitudes, the PCI is based on real-time, actual consumption data that provides insight into the economy before the monthly Industrial Production number is issued.
"This is the first source of data on diesel sales in almost real time. Diesel in the USA is the fuel used almost exclusively to move goods and materials. If there is an increase in diesel sales – it is pretty good evidence the economy is improving."
As the index changes, it offers real comparisons to past performance that captures a solid picture of what has happened, while showing the direction of the overall U.S. economy. This insight is invaluable to businesses, manufacturers, retailers and municipalities as they determine business strategy, plan for growth, or prepare for and manage a downturn.
"Back-testing of the data to 1999 shows the index closely matches growth in real gross domestic product and changes in the Federal Reserve's industrial production data.
"The index's main advantage over other data is its timeliness. The index is scheduled for release at 8:00 a.m. (ET) on the 10th day of each month--about four or five days before the Fed's industrial report. Because Ceridian can access all fuel purchases in real time, the index won't be subject to revisions."
History
The first PCI was issued on February 10, 2010, and covers data for January 2010. Each monthly report includes historical information for preceding months and ye |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward%20M.%20McCreight | Edward Meyers McCreight is an American computer scientist. He received his Ph.D. in computer science from Carnegie Mellon University in 1969, advised by Albert R. Meyer. He co-invented the B-tree with Rudolf Bayer while at Boeing,
and improved Weiner's algorithm to compute the suffix tree of a string. He also co-designed the Xerox Alto workstation,
and, with Severo Ornstein, co-led the design and construction of the Xerox Dorado computer while at Xerox Palo Alto Research Center. He also worked at Adobe Systems.
Notes
External links
Edward McCreight's website
Computer science educators
American computer scientists
Database researchers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Scientists at PARC (company) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ShareMethods | ShareMethods is a Web 2.0 document management and collaboration service with a focus on sales, marketing, and the extended selling network. It offers a software as a service (SaaS) subscription to companies and is available as a stand-alone application or integrated program with CRM tools such as Oracle CRM On Demand or salesforce.com.
History
ShareMethods was launched in 2004 to provide collaboration and communication services for sales and marketing teams, business partners, and customers. The founders have a background of building software-as-a-service applications and creating digital media applications.
In September 2005, ShareMethods launched "ShareNow" as one of the first applications on the salesforce.com AppExchange.
In September 2006, ShareMethods moved its operations into a SAS 70 Type II data center owned by SunGard.
In March 2009, ShareMethods launched "ShareSpaces" to provide on-demand portals or workspaces. In 2013 ShareMethods announced that its platform is available in a private cloud (on-premises) version.
Products
ShareMethods: Combines document management, collaboration, analytics, and CRM integration into a single solution. Key content can be centrally managed and delivered to sales channels, while providing feedback to marketing. ShareMethods is often used as a sales portal for internal sales and a partner portal for external partners.
ShareNow: Integrates ShareMethods with salesforce.com providing Single Sign On for salesforce.com users and easy access to files related to accounts opportunities, etc. including custom objects. Also facilitates collaboration between salesforce.com users and non-users.
ShareMethods for Oracle CRM On Demand: Integrates ShareMethods with Oracle CRM On Demand providing Single Sign On for Oracle users and easy access to files related to accounts opportunities, etc.
ShareOffice: An on-demand intranet/extranet solution. Features include full-text search, version history, server sync-up, email updates, audit trail/analytics, check-in/check-out, multilingual user interface.
ShareSpaces: Independent workspaces or portals where users can collaborate with business partners, teammates, or individuals to work together on content and documents.
Integration and interoperability
ShareMethods is available on Salesforce.com's AppExchange platform. ShareMethods also integrates with Oracle CRM On Demand to provide document management within the CRM application. Customers also can integrate proprietary systems via single-sign-on and self-registration. In addition, developers can make use of the ShareMethods API based on WebDAV to integrate document management functionality.
References
Document management systems
Web applications |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NPJ | NPJ may refer to:
Non-profit journalism
Network Professional Journal, a publishing service of the Network Professional Association
Nature Partner Journals, a series of open-access journals published by Springer Nature |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor%20proofing | Monitor proofing or soft-proofing is a step in the prepress printing process. It uses specialized computer software and hardware to check the accuracy of text and images used for printed products. Monitor proofing differs from conventional forms of “hard-copy” or ink-on-paper color proofing in its use of a calibrated display(s) as the output device.
Monitor proofing systems rely on calibration, profiling and color management to produce an accurate representation of how images will look when printed.
While a “soft-proof” function has existed in desktop publishing applications for some time, commercial monitor proofing extends this capability to multiple users and multiple locations by specifying the hardware to be used, and by enforcing one set of calibration procedures and color management policies for all users of the system. This ensures that all viewers are calibrated to a known set of conditions, and given hardware of equal capabilities will therefore be viewing the same color on screen.
System Components
Monitor proofing systems consist of the following hardware and software components:
Computer with calibration and profiling software
Calibration and profiling software is often provided by, or bundled with the monitor proofing application by the software vendor. Color management support for ICC profiles created by the monitor proofing system is available through the operating system on most Windows, Macintosh and Linux computers.
Graphics monitor
High-quality monitors are a key enabling technology for monitor proofing systems. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) finalized the standards for color proofing on displays in 2004 and since this publication date manufacturers including Apple, EIZO and NEC have produced LCD displays used in monitor proofing systems.
Calibration hardware and software
A colorimeter or spectrophotometer is used in conjunction with special calibration software to adjust the primary RGB monitor gains, set the white point to the desired color temperature and optionally set the monitor luminance to a specified levels. The calibration target for a monitor proofing system is typically D50 (5000K) and should be at least 160 cd/m2 luminance as specified in ISO 12646.
Monitor Proofing Application Software
Monitor proofing application software integrates the necessary color management tools with a viewing application containing markup, review and approval tools and some form of routing or collaboration. Proofing assets reside in a database and are made available for viewing over LAN or Internet connections via client-server connections.
Third Party Certification
SWOP and Fogra offer independent third party certifications to ensure that a monitor proofing system is capable of reproducing certain reference printing conditions tied to known and traceable standards. A monitor proof that is prepared in accordance with these certification programs can serve as a contract proof or legal binding agreem |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OptiY | OptiY is a design environment software that provides modern optimization strategies and state of the art probabilistic algorithms for uncertainty, reliability, robustness, sensitivity analysis, data-mining and meta-modeling.
Features
OptiY is an open-source, multidisciplinary design environment, which provides direct and generic interfaces to many CAD/CAE-systems and house-intern codes. Furthermore, a complex COM-interface and a user-node with predefined template are available so that user can self-integrate extern programs for ease of use. The insertion of any system to an arbitrary process chain is very easy using the graphical workflow editor. Collaborating different simulation model classes is possible as networks, finite-element-method, multi-body-system, material test bench etc.
Data mining
Data mining is the process of extracting hidden patterns from data. Data mining identifies trends within data that go beyond simple data analysis. Through the use of sophisticated algorithms, non-statistician users have the opportunity to identify key attributes of processes and target opportunities. Data mining is becoming an increasingly important tool to transform this data into information. It is commonly used in a wide range of applications such as manufacturing, marketing, fraud detection and scientific discovery etc.
Sensitivity analysis
Local Sensitivity as correlation coefficients and partial derivatives can only used, if the correlation between input and output is linear. If the correlation is nonlinear, the global sensitivity analysis has to be used based on the variance-relationship between input- and output-distribution as Sobol index. With sensitivity analysis, the system complexity can be reduced and the cause-and-effect chain can be explained.
Probabilistic simulation
The variability, uncertainty, tolerance and error of the technical systems play an important part by the product design process. These cause by manufacturing inaccuracy, process uncertainty, environment influences, abrasion and human factors etc. They are characterized by a stochastic distribution. The deterministic simulation cannot predict the real system behaviors due to the input variability and uncertainty, because one model calculation shows only one point in the design space. Probabilistic simulation has to be performed. Thereby, the output distributions will be calculated from input distributions based on the deterministic simulation model by any simulation system. The realistic system behaviors can be derivate from these output distributions.
Reliability analysis
The variability of parameters causes often a failure of the system. Reliability analysis (Failure mode and effects analysis) investigates the boundary violation of output due to input variability. The failure mechanisms of components are known in the specification for the product development. They are identified by measurement, field data collection, material data, customer-specifications etc. In t |
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