source
stringlengths 32
199
| text
stringlengths 26
3k
|
|---|---|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BSD%20disklabel
|
In BSD-derived computer operating systems (including NetBSD, OpenBSD, FreeBSD and DragonFly BSD) and in related operating systems such as SunOS, a disklabel is a record stored on a data storage device such as a hard disk that contains information about the location of the partitions on the disk. Disklabels were introduced in the 4.3BSD-Tahoe release. Disklabels are usually edited using the utility. In later versions of FreeBSD, this was renamed as .
History
In historic Bell Labs and BSD Unix releases, disk partitioning was fixed, compiled into each device driver at the time the kernel was compiled. The fixed partitions overlapped, allowing the disk to be used with different layouts by careful selection of a non-overlapping subset of the partitions. This was not originally viewed as a problem because there were only a small number of disk drives supported by each driver, and Unix only ran on one vendor's hardware.
The introduction of standardized disk interfaces — SMD, ESDI and SCSI — and a substantial market in third-party controllers and drives resulted in significant inconvenience, since a Unix system's operators would have to recompile the kernel in order to add an appropriate partition layout for every different disk they attached to a system. This also presented a problem for commercially licensed Unix vendors, as support engineers would have to recompile the kernel before installing upgrades on a customer's machine. For the 4.3-Tahoe release, which supported a non-Digital Equipment Corporation platform, the CCI Power 6/32, Berkeley implemented a new partitioning scheme based on an on-disk data structure and the disklabel(8) command. (Such on-disk partition maps were already well-known on other operating systems, and only the specific format, not the fact of partition labels generally, was invented by Berkeley.)
Where disklabels are stored
Traditionally, the disklabel was embedded in the first-stage bootstrap loader, in the first sector or track of the disk, where the computer's firmware expected a boot loader to be. Having the label embedded in the boot loader meant that the loader did not itself need to contain code to locate and read the label from the disk. However, this system only works when the computer firmware simply loads and executes the boot loader without attempting to determine whether it is valid. In the world of IBM PC compatibles, disks are usually partitioned using the PC BIOS's master boot record (MBR) Partition Table scheme instead, and the BSD partitioning scheme is nested within a single, primary, MBR partition (just as the "extended" partitioning scheme is nested within a single primary partition with extended boot records). Sometimes (particularly in FreeBSD), the primary MBR partitions are referred to as slices and the subdivisions of a primary MBR partition (for the nested BSD partitioning scheme) that are described by its disklabel are called partitions. The BSD disklabel is contained within the volume boot
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grails%20%28framework%29
|
Grails is an open source web application framework that uses the Apache Groovy programming language (which is in turn based on the Java platform). It is intended to be a high-productivity framework by following the "coding by convention" paradigm, providing a stand-alone development environment and hiding much of the configuration detail from the developer.
Grails was previously known as "Groovy on Rails"; in March 2006 that name was dropped in response to a request by David Heinemeier Hansson, founder of the Ruby on Rails framework. Work began in July 2005, with the 0.1 release on March 29, 2006, and the 1.0 release announced on February 18, 2008.
Overview
Grails was developed to address a number of goals:
Provide a web framework for the Java platform.
Re-use existing Java technologies such as Hibernate and Spring under a single interface
Offer a consistent development framework.
Offer documentation for key portions of the framework:
The Persistence framework.
Templates using GSP (Groovy Server Pages).
Dynamic tag libraries for creating web page components.
Customizable and extensible Ajax support.
Provide sample applications that demonstrate the framework.
Provide a complete development mode, including a web server and automatic reload of resources.
Marketing
Grails has three properties that differentiate it from traditional Java web frameworks:
No XML configuration
Ready-to-use development environment
Functionality available through mixins
No XML configuration
Creating web applications in Java traditionally involves configuring environments and frameworks at the start and during development. This configuration is very often externalized in XML files to ease configuration and avoid embedding configuration in application code.
XML was initially welcomed as it provided greater consistency to configure applications. However, in recent years, it has become apparent that although XML is great for configuration, it can be tedious to set up an environment. This may reduce productivity as developers spend time understanding and maintaining framework configuration as the application grows. Adding or changing functionality in applications that use XML configuration adds an extra step to the change process, which slows down productivity and may diminish the agility of the entire process.
Grails removes the need to add configuration in XML files. Instead, the framework uses a set of rules or conventions while inspecting the code of Grails-based applications. For example, a class name that ends with Controller (for example BookController) is considered a web controller.
Ready-to-use development environment
When using traditional Java web toolkits, it's up to developers to assemble development units, which can be tedious. Grails provides a development environment that includes a web server to get developers started right away. All required libraries are part of the Grails distribution, and Grails prepares the Java web environment for
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft%20basic%20data%20partition
|
In Microsoft operating systems, when using basic disk partitioned with GUID Partition Table (GPT) layout, a basic data partition (BDP) is any partition identified with Globally Unique Identifier (GUID) of .
According to Microsoft, the basic data partition is the equivalent to master boot record (MBR) partition types (FAT16B), (NTFS or exFAT), and (FAT32). In practice, it is equivalent to (FAT12), (FAT16), (FAT32 with logical block addressing), and (FAT16 with logical block addressing) types as well.
A basic data partition can be formatted with any file system, although most commonly BDPs are formatted with the NTFS, exFAT, or FAT32 file systems. To programmatically determine which file system a BDP contains, Microsoft specifies that one should inspect the BIOS Parameter Block that is contained in the BDP's Volume Boot Record.
When a Microsoft operating system converts a GPT-partitioned basic disk to a dynamic disk, all BDPs are combined and converted to a single Logical Disk Manager data partition identified with GUID . This is analogous to the conversion from partition types , , , , , , and to partition type on MBR partitioned disks.
Linux used the same partition type GUID for basic data partition as Windows prior to introduction of a Linux specific Data Partition GUID .
References
See also
Disk partitioning
EFI system partition (ESP), a reserved partition on GPT disk
Microsoft Reserved Partition (MSR), a reserved partition on GPT disk
Disk file systems
Disk partitions
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronorgtechnica
|
Elektronorgtechnica (also spelled Electronorgtechnica, ), better known abbreviated as ELORG (Элорг), was a state-owned organization with a monopoly on the import and export of computer support and hardware and software in the Soviet Union. It was controlled by the Ministry of Foreign Trade of the USSR from 1971 to 1989.
The company was associated with the export of Soviet design calculators, Electronika being one brand that was exported, rebranding them as ELORG products. Elorg also marketed the Agat computer, and imported IBM computers into the Soviet Union, starting with the IBM System/360 Model 50 in 1971.
Robert Maxwell pressured Soviet Union leader Mikhail Gorbachev to cancel the contract between Elorg and Nintendo concerning the rights to the game Tetris.
In 1991, as the Soviet Union was being dissolved, Elorg was turned into a private business by its director, Nikolai Belikov. Elorg was sold to The Tetris Company in January 2005 for $15 million.
Tetris
ELORG was responsible for the licensing of the popular video game Tetris. Tetris was written by salaried programmers at the Soviet Academy of Sciences, which was not allowed to carry out commercial activities directly. As the game was owned by the state, all rights to the game worldwide were handled by ELORG. In 1996 ELORG was reportedly a privatised Russian company which retained the rights to the Tetris trademark.
ELORG was a partner in The Tetris Company which licenses the Tetris name to game companies, along with Tetris creator Alexey Pajitnov and businessman Henk Rogers. Elorg was a 50 percent owner in the company until Rogers and Pajitnov bought ELORG's remaining rights around 2005.
References
Service companies of the Soviet Union
Computing in the Soviet Union
Computer companies of Russia
Companies based in Moscow
Defunct companies of Russia
Electronics companies disestablished in 2005
Electronics companies established in 1971
Ministry of Foreign Trade (Soviet Union)
1971 establishments in the Soviet Union
2005 disestablishments in Russia
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/0th
|
0th or zeroth may refer to:
Mathematics, science and technology
0th or zeroth, an ordinal for the number 0
0th dimension, a topological space
0th element, of a data structure in computer science
0th law of Thermodynamics
Zeroth (software), deep learning software for mobile devices
Other uses
0th grade, another name for kindergarten
January 0 or , an alternate name for December 31
0 Avenue, a road in British Columbia straddling the Canada-US border
See also
OTH (disambiguation) (with a letter O)
Zeroth law (disambiguation)
Zeroth-order (disambiguation)
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrekenton
|
Wrekenton is a residential area in Gateshead, located around from Newcastle upon Tyne, from Sunderland, and from Durham. In 2011, Census data for the Gateshead Metropolitan Borough Council ward of High Fell recorded a total population of 6,110.
Wrekenton is bordered by Beacon Lough to the north, Harlow Green to the west, and Eighton Banks to the south. A large part of Wrekenton consists of a council estate, known as Springwell Estate. This is distinct from Springwell Village, which is located a short distance across the border, within the City of Sunderland.
History
The antiquarian John Hodgson claimed to have named the village. He wrote, "After the enclosure of the common (in 1822), Mr. Watson, of Warburton Place, Carrhill, founded a considerable village at this place, which, at my suggestion, he called Wrekenton." This name was chosen because Wrekenton and Eighton Banks were divided by the remains of the Wrekendyke Roman road. Wrekenton is believed to have been the meeting point of two Roman roads, Cade's Road and the Wrekendyke Road. Cade's Road ran from the Humber to York and Newcastle, with the Wrekendyke Road branching away to the north east passing close to Jarrow, and ending at the Roman fort and harbour of Arbeia, at South Shields. It has even been conjectured that a Roman fort existed at the site now occupied by the Ravensworth Golf Club, but no evidence for this has been found.
In the 1860s, Wrekenton was still a very small village with about two hundred dwellings. It remained so for a further seventy years until slum clearance in Gateshead resulted in many new houses being built in Wrekenton, in order to accommodate the previous slum-dwellers. The main industries of the area surrounding the village during the nineteenth century were coal mining, quarrying, brickmaking and agriculture. The spelling of the town's name is recorded, in the mid 1890s, as "Wreckenton", which survived as the name of the local council ward serving the area until 1981.
Old Durham Road was the main route between Durham and Newcastle until 1827, when a new road was built to the west of it on lower ground and called Durham Road. Old Durham Road climbed the steep bank, known as Long Bank to Wrekenton and from there headed north to Beacon Lough before dropping down the steep bank into Gateshead. The mail coach used to pass along this road and one of the stopping places for the coach was The Coach and Horses, an inn that still exists today. Other equally old public houses in Wrekenton, dating from the nineteenth century, are The Seven Stars and The Ship.
Demography
According to the 2011 Census, the High Fell ward has a population of 6,110. 51.7% of the population are female, while 48.3% are male. Only 3.4% of the population were from a black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) group, as opposed to 14.6% of the national population, and 3.7% of the population in the Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead.
Data from the 2011 Census found that the average life expec
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%20pad
|
An L pad is a network composed of two impedances that typically resemble the letter capital "L" when drawn on a schematic circuit diagram. It is commonly used for attenuation and for impedance matching.
Speaker L pad
A speaker L pad is a special configuration of rheostats used to control volume while maintaining a constant load impedance on the output of the audio amplifier.
It consists of a parallel and a series rheostat connected in an "L" configuration. As one increases in resistance, the other decreases, thus maintaining a constant impedance, at least in one direction. To maintain constant impedance in both directions, a "T" pad must be used. In loudspeaker systems having a crossover network, it is necessary to maintain impedance to the crossover; this avoids shifting the crossover point.
A constant-impedance load is important in the case of vacuum tube power amplifiers, because such amplifiers do not work as efficiently when terminated into an impedance greatly different than their specified output impedance. Maintaining constant impedance is less important In the case solid state electronics.
In high frequency horns, the L Pad is seen by the crossover, not the amp. L pads may not necessarily use continuously variable rheostats, but instead a multi-position rotating selector switch wired to resistors on the back. Tapped transformers are not L pads; they are autoformers. L pads can also be used at line level, mostly in pro applications.
Audio-frequency (AF) operation
The L pad attenuates the signal by having two separate rheostats connected in an "L" configuration (hence the name). One rheostat is connected in series with the loudspeaker and, as the resistance of this rheostat increases, less power is coupled into the loudspeaker and the loudness of sound produced by the loudspeaker decreases. The second rheostat is connected between the input and ground (earth). As the first rheostat increases in resistance, the second rheostat decreases in resistance, keeping the load impedance (presented at the input of the L pad) constant. The second rheostat usually has a special taper (function of resistance versus rotation) to accommodate the need for constant input impedance.
Radio-frequency (RF) operation
In RF (radio frequency) applications, the L network is the basis of many common impedance matching circuits, such as the pi network employed in amplifiers and the T network that is common in transmatches.
The L network relies on a procedure known as series-parallel transformation. For every series combination of resistance, RS, and reactance, XS, there exists a parallel combination of RP and XP that acts identically to the voltage applied across the series combination. In other words, the series components and the parallel components provide the same impedance at their terminals. The transformation ratio is the ratio of the input and output impedances of the impedance matching network.
The series-parallel transformation allows the
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin%20Cheng
|
Kevin Cheng Ka-wing (born 15 August 1969) is a Hong Kong American actor and singer who is currently under the management of the Hong Kong television network TVB. Cheng rose to fame in late 2004 after playing his first lead role in the TVB drama Hard Fate.
He is best known for his role as "L.A. Law" in the 2011 TVB legal drama Ghetto Justice, which earned him a TVB Anniversary Award for Best Actor and Asian Television Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role.
Early life
Cheng was born in San Francisco, California, but spent most of his childhood in Hong Kong. He attended Pun U Association Wah Yah Primary School, Wah Yan College, the Hong Kong International School, and Alhambra High School in the United States. During his school days, his mother sent him back to China, where he lived with his uncle for two years before returning to Hong Kong after his mother changed her mind about migrating to the United States. He completed his high school education in Canada. He pursued a civil engineering degree at the California State University in Los Angeles, but did not finish his studies because his father died and he wanted to move back to Hong Kong to be with his mother.
Career
1993–2005
When Cheng was 16 years old, he participated in a singing contest organised by the Hong Kong television network TVB but dropped out halfway because he felt that he was not ready to be a singer at that time. Later, after he moved back to Hong Kong in his early 20s, he decided to continue his pursuit of a singing career. He signed a contract with the record label PolyGram in 1993 and released his first album in the same year to mixed reviews. He was seen as a newcomer with good potential and managed to win several Best New Artist awards in 1994. Cheng's manager later helped him launch his career in the Taiwanese entertainment industry. In Taiwan, Cheng released several Mandarin albums and acted in some television dramas, but all of them were only moderately successful..
Cheng was noticed by Mediacorp after he portrayed the villain "Jiang Yulang" in the 1999 Taiwanese television series The Legendary Siblings. He returned to Hong Kong and signed a management contract with TVB in the following year and started playing minor roles in some television series produced by the network. In 2004, he played a leading role for the first time in the TVB drama Hard Fate.
2006–2010
Cheng soared to popularity after portraying "Alan Shum" in the 2006 romantic drama Under the Canopy of Love, for which he also won the TVB Anniversary Award for Best Actor that year. His singing career also gradually improved after the Taiwanese musician Liu Chia-chang composed a single, "Helpless" (無可奈何), for him. In the same year, he also released a Cantonese compilations album and held his very first mini concert. Niki Chow, Raymond Lam and Miriam Yeung were among the guest singers who appeared at his concert.
Cheng had another critical breakthrough role in the 2007 crime drama The Ultimate Crime Fighter
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trams%20in%20Caen
|
Trams in Caen was the former public transit system serving the city of Caen, France. The original tramway network, operated by Compagnie des tramways électriques de Caen opened in 1901 and closed on 23 January 1937, after which buses took over as the primary means of public transport in Caen (until the 2002 opening of Caen Guided Light Transit replaced by the Caen tramway in 2019).
Public transport began in 1860 with a horse omnibus service; in 1895, the Compagnie des Omnibus et Transports à chevaux was created to provide an organised urban transport service to the inhabitants of Caen.
Network
The network of narrow gauge lines spread over 11 km and all three lines opened in 1901, connecting the Route de Falaise (La Guérinière), Caen-Ouest Station, Saint Pierre, Place du Canada (Saint Martin), La Maladrerie and Venoix. The depot was situated on the Eastern side of the Bassin Saint Pierre, in the city centre of Caen, with the tram lines crossing the Calvados' line to Ouistreham.
While the tramway closed on 23 January 1937, the tracks remained for several years after that.
Rolling stock
The company operated a fleet of single car trams as well as trailers.
See also
Caen tramway
Caen
Caen
Caen
Transport in Normandy
Metre gauge railways in France
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghan%20Women%27s%20Network
|
The Afghan Women's Network (AWN) is a non-governmental organization (NGO) which was created in 1996 by Afghan women following the World Conference on Women in Beijing and works to "empower women and ensure their equal participation in Afghan society."
About
The AWN sustains the vision of an Afghanistan in which women & men live in a justice and discrimination free society. AWN's axis of focus are:
Women, peace and security
Women's political participation and leadership
Women's social and legal protection
The AWN acts as a foundation supporting other women's rights-oriented NGO in Afghanistan and Pakistan. The AWN receives funding from donor agencies such as the French Embassy, ActionAid, UNHCR, and Roland Berger Foundation. It operates from Kabul, Heart, Balkh, Kandahar, Bamyan, Paktia, Nangarhar, and Kunduz, ... It has more than 3,500 individual members (exclusively women) and 125 women's organizations with memberships.
Executive board members have included Manizha Wafeq and the current executive director is Hassina Safi.
History
The Afghan Women's Network was established in 1995. Women who had participated in the United Nation Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing, China decided that they wanted to create a network for Afghan women.
In 2013, The AWN played an active role in the curation of the exhibit Women Between Peace and War: Afghanistan by Leslie Thomas from ArtWORKS Projects for Human Rights.
In March 2014, the AWN launched the Afghan Women Vision 2024, the ONG's official newspaper supported by the Heinrich Boell Foundation. In 2014, the ONG stated that 150 honor killings affected Afghan women each year. Upon the progressive withdrawal of US troops from Afghanistan, the AWN brought its focus on maintaining the women's rights benefits gained during the presence of the US troops.
In February 2015, the AWN took part to the marches asking the president Ashraf Ghani to respect his word and name 4 women ministries in his government for fair gender representation. In 2016, the ONG spoke out about the revival of public executions of women in Afghanistan following the new peak of influence from the Talibans.
See also
Jamila Afghani
Farida Azizi
Taliban treatment of women
Asila Wardak
Reference List
External links
Official website
Women's organisations based in Afghanistan
Organizations established in 1996
1996 establishments in Afghanistan
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data%20reliability
|
The term data reliability may refer to:
Reliability (statistics), the overall consistency of a measure
Data integrity, the maintenance of, and the assurance of the accuracy and consistency of, data over its entire life-cycle
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data%20redundancy
|
In computer main memory, auxiliary storage and computer buses, data redundancy is the existence of data that is additional to the actual data and permits correction of errors in stored or transmitted data. The additional data can simply be a complete copy of the actual data (a type of repetition code), or only select pieces of data that allow detection of errors and reconstruction of lost or damaged data up to a certain level.
For example, by including computed check bits, ECC memory is capable of detecting and correcting single-bit errors within each memory word, while RAID 1 combines two hard disk drives (HDDs) into a logical storage unit that allows stored data to survive a complete failure of one drive. Data redundancy can also be used as a measure against silent data corruption; for example, file systems such as Btrfs and ZFS use data and metadata checksumming in combination with copies of stored data to detect silent data corruption and repair its effects.
In database systems
While different in nature, data redundancy also occurs in database systems that have values repeated unnecessarily in one or more records or fields, within a table, or where the field is replicated/repeated in two or more tables. Often this is found in unnormalized database designs and results in the complication of database management, introducing the risk of corrupting the data, and increasing the required amount of storage. When done on purpose from a previously normalized database schema, it may be considered a form of database denormalization; used to improve performance of database queries (shorten the database response time).
For instance, when customer data are duplicated and attached with each product bought, then redundancy of data is a known source of inconsistency since a given customer might appear with different values for one or more of their attributes. Data redundancy leads to data anomalies and corruption and generally should be avoided by design; applying database normalization prevents redundancy and makes the best possible usage of storage.
See also
Data maintenance
Data deduplication
Data scrubbing
End-to-end data protection
Redundancy (engineering)
Redundancy (information theory)
References
Computer memory
Data
Data modeling
Databases
Fault-tolerant computer systems
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larry%20Smarr
|
Larry Lee Smarr is a physicist and leader in scientific computing, supercomputer applications, and Internet infrastructure from Missouri. He currently works at the University of California, San Diego. Smarr has been among the most important synthesizers and conductors of innovation, discovery, and commercialization of new technologies – including areas as disparate as the Web browser and personalized medicine. In his career, Smarr has made pioneering breakthroughs in research on black holes, spearheaded the use of supercomputers for academic research, and presided over some of the major innovations that created the modern Internet. For nearly 20 years, he has been building a new model for academic research based on interdisciplinary collaboration.
Education
Larry Smarr received his Bachelor of Arts and Master of Science degrees from the University of Missouri in Columbia, Missouri and received a PhD in physics from the University of Texas at Austin in 1975.
Research
After graduating, Smarr did research at Princeton, Yale, and Harvard, and then joined the faculty of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1979. He is a professor of Computer Science and Information Technologies at the University of California, San Diego.
While at Illinois, Larry Smarr wrote an ambitious proposal to address the future needs of scientific research. Seven other University of Illinois professors joined as co-Principal Investigators, and many others provided descriptions of what could be accomplished if the proposal were accepted. Formally titled A Center for Scientific and Engineering Supercomputing but known as the Black Proposal (after the color of its cover), it was submitted to the National Science Foundation in 1983. A scant 10 pages long, it was the first unsolicited proposal accepted and approved by the NSF, and resulted in the charter of four supercomputer centers (Cornell, Illinois, Princeton, and San Diego), with a fifth (Pittsburgh) added later. In 1985 Smarr became the first director of the Illinois center, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications.
Smarr continued to promote the benefits of technological innovation to scientific research, such as his advocacy of a high-speed network linking the national centers, which became the NSFNET, one of the significant predecessors of today's Internet. When the NSF revised its funding of supercomputer centers in 1997, Smarr became director of the National Computational Science Alliance, linking dozens of universities and research labs with NCSA to prototype the concept of grid computing.
In 2000, Larry Smarr moved to California and proposed the creation of the California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology (Calit2), linking departments and researchers at UCSD and UC Irvine. Smarr served as Institute Director of Calit2 from its founding until his retirement in 2020.
As part of the work of Calit2, he is Principal Investigator on the NSF OptIPuter LambdaGrid projec
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meyer%20Children%27s%20Hospital
|
The Meyer Children Hospital () is a pediatric hospital located in Florence, Italy.
The hospital is an official member of the European Network of Health Promoting Hospitals of the World Health Organization and the personnel are involved in prevention and health promotion programs for the Regional and National Health Departments.
References
External links
Meyer Pediatric Hospital website
https://www.esmo.org/for-patients/esmo-designated-centres-of-integrated-oncology-palliative-care/esmo-accredited-designated-centres/anna-meyer-children-s-university-hospital-department-of-hematology-and-oncology
Hospitals established in 1884
Education in Florence
Anshen and Allen buildings
Hospitals in Florence
Children's hospitals in Italy
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resolution%20independence
|
Resolution independence is where elements on a computer screen are rendered at sizes independent from the pixel grid, resulting in a graphical user interface that is displayed at a consistent physical size, regardless of the resolution of the screen.
Concept
As early as 1978, the typesetting system TeX due to Donald Knuth introduced resolution independence into the world of computers. The intended view can be rendered beyond the atomic resolution without any artifacts, and the automatic typesetting decisions are guaranteed to be identical on any computer up to an error less than the diameter of an atom. This pioneering system has a corresponding font system, Metafont, which provides suitable fonts of the same high standards of resolution independence.
The terminology device independent file format (DVI) is the file format of Donald Knuth's pioneering TeX system. The content of such a file can be interpreted at any resolution without any artifacts, even at very high resolutions not currently in use.
Implementation
macOS
Apple included some support for resolution independence in early versions of macOS, which could be demonstrated with the developer tool Quartz Debug that included a feature allowing the user to scale the interface. However, the feature was incomplete, as some icons did not show (such as in System Preferences), user interface elements were displayed at odd positions and certain bitmap GUI elements were not scaled smoothly. Because the scaling feature was never completed, macOS's user interface remained resolution-dependent.
On June 11, 2012, Apple introduced the 2012 MacBook Pro with a resolution of 2880×1800 or 5.2 megapixels – doubling the pixel density in both dimensions. The laptop shipped with a version of macOS that provided support to scale the user interface twice as big as it has previously been. This feature is called HighDPI mode in macOS and it uses a fixed scaling factor of 2 to increase the size of the user interface for high-DPI screens. Apple also introduced support for scaling the UI by rendering the user interface on higher or smaller resolution that the laptop's built-in native resolution and scaling the output to the laptop screen. One obvious downside of this approach is either a decreased performance on rendering the UI on a higher than native resolution or increased blurriness when rendering lower than native resolution. Thus, while the macOS's user interface can be scaled using this approach, the UI itself is not resolution-independent.
Microsoft Windows
The GDI system in Windows is pixel-based and thus not resolution-independent. To scale up the UI, Microsoft Windows has supported specifying a custom DPI from the Control Panel since Windows 95. (In Windows 3.1, the DPI setting is tied to the screen resolution, depending on the driver information file.) When a custom system DPI is specified, the built-in UI in the operating system scales up. Windows also includes APIs for application developers to desi
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takur%C5%8D%20Kitagawa
|
is a Japanese actor and voice actor from Tokyo, Japan. He was represented by Sigma Seven and is now a freelancer.
Filmography
Anime television series
Brave Police J-Decker (Edgar Hopkins)
Cyber Team in Akihabara (Cigogne Raspaile)
Gantz (Yoshida)
Highschool! Kimen-gumi (Auzō Sainan)
Mobile Suit Zeta Gundam (Chan Ya)
Muka Muka Paradise (鹿谷葉三)
Soul Eater (Fisher King)
The Transformers (Astrotrain, Cliffjumper, Dashiell Faireborn, *Grimlock, Headstrong, Inferno, Lightspeed, Ligier (Mirage), Mixmaster, Ramhorn, Scavenger, Skydive, Warpath)
Yokoyama Mitsuteru Sangokushi (Xu Shu, Li Su)
OVA
Tenchi Muyo! (Nobeyama)
Anime films
The Transformers: The Movie (Cliffjumper, Grimlock, Astrotrain)
Drama CDs
Aisaresugite Kodoku series 2: Itoshisugita Shifuku (Asakawa's father)
Dubbing
Apollo 13 (Ted)
Donnie Brasco (Pony Canyon edition) (Richie Gazzo (Rocco Sisto))
For Love of the Game (Gus Sinski)
The Ghost Writer (Paul Emmett (Tom Wilkinson))
Goosebumps (Dr. Finley) (Episode: You can't scare me!)
L.A. Law (Stuart Markowitz)
Police Academy (Larvell Jones)
Song of the Sea (Ferry Dan / The Great Seanachaí)
The West Wing (Ron Butterfield)
Tokusatsu
Seijuu Sentai Gingaman (Torbador)
Japanese Voice-Over
Peter Pan's Flight (Pirates Patrick)
References
External links
Takurō Kitagawa's Homepage
Official agency profile
1949 births
Living people
Japanese male voice actors
Male voice actors from Tokyo
Place of birth missing (living people)
Sigma Seven voice actors
20th-century Japanese male actors
21st-century Japanese male actors
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raritan%20Inc.
|
Raritan is a multinational technology company that manufactures hardware for data center power distribution, remote server management, and audio visual solutions. The company is headquartered in Somerset, New Jersey (which is located near Raritan, New Jersey), and has a commercial presence in over 76 countries. Raritan was acquired by Legrand in September 2015.
History
Raritan was established in 1985, when the founder, Ching-I Hsu, and his wife, created a business reselling PC components out of their house. This later changed from reselling to manufacturing PCs. To make the manufacturing more efficient, Hsu developed the first KVM switch, a tool that provides a way to control numerous PCs from a single product. The KVM switch advanced Raritan as an international company and led to other company advancements.
Raritan entered the intelligent power business in 2007. Intelligent power management provides companies with an accurate measurement of the amount of energy devices use. This kind of power management is much more energy efficient because it consumes less energy/produces less heat, improves environmental conditions with sensors that adjust things like temperature and humidity levels, and overall decrease costs.
In 2008, Raritan's Data Center Infrastructure Management (DCIM) business began. This software provides the ability to better manage assets, change and capacity through monitoring of power, the environment, and energy use.
In June 2015, Legrand, North America announced an agreement to acquire Raritan. The scope of the acquisition would include Raritan's intelligent power and KVM businesses, while its Data Center Infrastructure Management (DCIM) software business would spin off into Sunbird Software, a new company and strategic partner of Raritan to be chaired by Ching-I Hsu, CEO and founder of Raritan. The acquisition was complete on September 28, 2015.
References
External links
Companies based in Somerset County, New Jersey
American companies established in 1985
Networking hardware companies
System administration
Out-of-band management
Computer peripheral companies
2015 mergers and acquisitions
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTC%20Universal
|
The HTC Universal is a Windows Mobile 5.0 Pocket PC PDA manufactured by High Tech Computer Corporation. It was the first 3G/UMTS-enabled Pocket PC PDA with a telecommunications function, and also the first to come with Windows Mobile 5.0 pre-installed.
It was sold by many different vendors under the names of O2 xda Exec, Orange SPV M5000, Dopod 900, Qtek 9000, T-Mobile MDA Pro, I-mate JasJar, Vodafone v1640, Vodafone VPA IV, E-Plus PDA IV, etc. Despite all the different model names and housing appearance, they all have identical hardware specifications with small differences in the external color and branding.
The most notable feature of the HTC Universal is its 180-degree swivel screen, allowing a quick swap between portrait mode and landscape mode. The included version of Windows Mobile 5.0 automatically adjusts screen orientation to match screen orientation.
SIM lock
Most network-supplied versions of the Universal are shipped SIM-locked, with the O2 XDA Exec being a notable exception. HowevXdaer, a free SIM unlocking tool was released. This process involves flashing a new Radio ROM onto the device, and it may invalidate the device's warranty.
Detailed specifications
Screen Size: 3.7 in (9.4 cm) Transflective LCD
Screen Resolution: 640 x 480 VGA at 216 ppi
Input: 62-key QWERTY keyboard and touchscreen with stylus (included; stylus also available separately for 19 EUR as of October 2008)
Cameras: 2
1.3 MP CMOS Camera with LED "flash" mounted on the reverse of the keyboard section
QVGA (320 x 240) CMOS Camera for 3G video calling, mounted beside the screen, close to the hinge
Processor: Intel Bulverde (PXA270) 520 MHz CPU
Memory: Flash ROM: 128 MB, RAM: 128 MB/64 MB SDRAM
Memory expansion: SDIO/MMC card slot (officially without SDHC, with maximum capacity supported being 4GB, but there is unofficial SDHC support from xda-developers SDHC cards are accepted with Windows Mobile 6.1 or higher and there is another unofficial update to Windows Mobile 5 that allows the use of SDXC cards up to 64GB.)
Network Standard: Tri-Band GSM/GPRS (900/1800/1900) + WCDMA (UMTS) (2100 MHz)
GPRS: Class B Multi-slot standard class 10 PBCCH MO/MT SMS over GPRS
Connection interface: Client only Mini-USB connector, USB charging, USB 2.0 protocol
Wireless connectivity: Infrared IrDA FIR, Bluetooth 1.2 Class 2 compliant, WiFi 802.11b IEEE 802.11b compliant, Internal Antenna, 11, 5.5, 2 and 1 Mbit/s per channel, 64-, 128-bit WEP and WPA standard data encryption
Standard battery capacity: 1620 mAh (included; battery is removable)
Charging: Mini USB (also used for data transfer)
Extended batteries
There have been many high-capacity "extended" batteries available for the HTC Universal. 2600mAh, 3150mAh, 3200mAh, 3800mAh, 4800mAh and even 5200mAh models have been sold by various retailers, which allow the device to run for an extended period of time. Similarly to most expandable battery technology, they make the device heavier. The 3800 mAh battery is a Lithium-Ion bat
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catrap
|
Catrap, known as Pitman in Japan, is a puzzle-platform game developed for the Sharp MZ-700 computer in 1985 and published by Asmik for the Nintendo Game Boy in 1990. The Game Boy version was re-released on the Nintendo 3DS Virtual Console in October 2011.
The word Catrap refers to the frequent number of times the player is trapped and needs to reverse their movements and the two anthropomorphic cats the player must maneuver to advance through the levels.
Destructoid credits the game with using a time-rewind mechanic before games like Blinx, Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time, and Braid.
Gameplay
Catrap is a puzzle game. The player directs the avatar, an anthropomorphic cat, to navigate a room while clearing obstacles and kicking monsters and ghosts off the screen. Once the player has knocked all of the enemies off the screen, they advance to the next level. Advancement grows difficult for the player as increasingly intricate obstacles are presented to complicate the process of overcoming all of the monsters and ghosts. The game encourages trial and error. A player may try one combination of manoeuvres by moving the obstacle in one direction, then they may find themselves trapped. The player can hit the 'A'-button to reverse their movements and try again in a different way until they find the solution that enables them to access all of the enemies and knock them off the screen. Trial and error make up a large portion of the game. Players can also create their own mazes.
There are 100 levels for the player to clear, each one more difficult than the last with more room for error and typically take longer to complete. The first level involves no obstacles with one monster on the opposite side of the screen to knock off; the last level involves a blockade of boulders and a conundrum of ladders for the player to move and navigate to clear several floating ghosts, the most difficult level with the smallest margin for error.
Development and release
The game concept was originally created in 1985 on a MZ-700 home computer by Yutaka Isokawa. The BASIC listing of the game was published in the August 1985 issue of the magazine "Oh!MZ Publications" as type-in program. The popularity of the game caused it to be picked up for Game Boy conversion in 1990. In the Game Boy version there is a nod to the MZ-700 version, the layout of round 77 is a big M and Z. In 2004 it was released for I-mode mobile phones as Pitmania and Pitmania 2, with graphics more similar to the original MZ700 game. Pitmania 1 Infinite was released in 2007, which had improved and more colorful graphics. A version was released for the Nintendo 3DS in the 3DS eShop in October 2011. In 2012 the game community restored a faithful as possible Sharp MZ-700 version from the available source code variants.
Reception
Catrap holds a rating of 8/10 on Nintendo Life and 5/5 on Arcade Spot.
References
External links
GameSpot page for Catrap [Catrap]
Yutaka Isokawa website
Isokawa's Origina
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KOPB-FM
|
KOPB-FM (91.5 FM) is a radio station licensed to Portland, Oregon, United States. The station is owned by Oregon Public Broadcasting and airs its news and talk programming, consisting of syndicated programming from NPR, APM, PRX, and the BBCWS well as locally produced offerings.
KOPB-FM serves as the flagship station for OPB. It is a primary entry point station for the Emergency Alert System.
External links
opb.org
OPB-FM
OPB-FM
NPR member stations
Radio stations established in 1952
1952 establishments in Oregon
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socket%20604
|
Socket 604 is a 604-pin microprocessor socket designed to interface an Intel Xeon processor to the rest of the computer. It provides both an electrical interface as well as physical support. This socket is designed to support a heatsink.
Launched at November 18, 2002, over the year after Socket 603, it was originally used to accommodate most Xeons introduced at the time. It was succeeded by LGA 771 in 2006 for low- and mid-end server ranges, but still staying in high-end server range, including 4- and 8-processor configurations, in which the successor - LGA 1567 - appeared in 2010. At the time, LGA 1366 was the primary socket for Xeons in low- and mid-end server ranges, with cheaper configurations still sometimes using LGA 771 socket. The socket had an unusually long life span, lasting 9 years (2 years longer than consumer-grade LGA 775) until the last processors supporting it ceased production in the 3rd quarter of 2011.
Technical specifications
Socket 604 was designed by Intel as a zero insertion force socket intended for workstations and server platforms. While the socket contains 604 pins, it only has 603 electrical contacts, the last being a dummy pin. Each contact has a 1.27mm pitch with regular pin array, to mate with a 604-pin processor package.
Socket 604 processors utilize a bus speed of either 400, 533, 667, 800, or 1066 MHz and were manufactured in either a 130, 90, 65 or 45 nm process. Socket 604 processors cannot be inserted into Socket 603 designed motherboards due to one additional pin being present, but Socket 603 processors can be inserted into Socket 604 designed motherboards, since the extra pin slot does not do anything for a 603 CPU.
Socket 604 processors range from 1.60 GHz through 3.80 GHz, with the higher clock rates only found among older, slower NetBurst-based Xeons.
The following Intel Xeon chipsets used Socket 604:
Intel E7205
Intel E7210 Canterwood-ES
Intel 7300
Intel E7320
Intel E7500
Intel E7501
Intel E7505
Intel E7520
Intel E7525
Late Socket 604 "revivals":
Intel Xeon 7300 (Quadcore Core2-based "Xeon Tigerton" since September 6, 2007)
Intel Xeon 7400 (Quad-/Hexacore Penryn-based "Xeon Dunnington" since September 15, 2008).
See also
List of Intel microprocessors
List of Intel Xeon microprocessors
References
External links
Intel.com
Socket 604
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit%20rate%20reduction
|
Bit rate reduction may refer to:
Bit-rate reduction, a synonym for data compression
Bit Rate Reduction, an audio compression format used by the SPC-700 processing core of the Nintendo S-SMP, the audio processing unit of the Super Nintendo Entertainment System
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterstrike%20%281990%20TV%20series%29
|
Counterstrike is a Canadian/French crime-fighting/espionage television series. The series premiered on American cable channel USA Network on July 1, 1990. It ran for three seasons, airing 66 hour-long episodes in total.
Plot
After his wife is kidnapped by terrorists, international industrialist Alexander Addington assembles a clandestine team of troubleshooters to help combat terrorism around the world. He recruits Peter Sinclair from Scotland Yard to lead the team. They set up a French con artist and art/jewelry thief named Nicole Beaumont and blackmail her into joining because of her valuable criminal connections. The third team member is Luke Brenner, an American mercenary whom they rescue from a Mexican jail. The series' other recurring characters are Bennett and J.J., Alexander's valet and pilot, respectively.
In the second season's second episode Peter and Alexander encounter a French reporter named Gabrielle Germont whom they recruit into the team to prevent her from publishing a story about them. In the season's third episode Peter and Gabrielle rescue Hector Stone, an American CIA-operative and former Navy SEAL whose cover has been blown, and invite him to join the team.
The character of Alexander's daughter Suzanne Addington, who designed the team's computer systems, was also written out of the series at the beginning of the second season. Suzanne appears in one third season episode, although played by a different actress. In her stead Alexander gets a secretary/confidante named Hélène Previn.
Cast
Christopher Plummer as Alexander Addington (1990–1993)
Simon MacCorkindale as Peter Sinclair (1990–1993)
Cyrielle Clair as Nicole Beaumont (1990–1991)
Stephen Shellen as Luke Brenner (1990–1991)
Laurence Ashley-Taboulet as Suzanne Addington (1990–1991)
Sophie Michaud as Gabrielle Germont (1991–1993)
James Purcell as Hector Stone (1991–1993)
Patricia Cartier as Hélène Previn (1991–1993)
Andre Mayers as J.J. (1990–1993)
Tom Kneebone as Bennett (1990–1993)
Episodes
Season 1 (1990–91)
Season 2 (1991–92)
Season 3 (1992–93)
Awards and nominations
1992 Gemini Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Continuing Leading Dramatic Role (Simon MacCorkindale) – Nominated
1992 Gemini Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Continuing Leading Dramatic Role (Christopher Plummer) – Nominated
1994 Gemini Award for Best Performance by an Actress in a Continuing Leading Dramatic Role (Sophie Michaud) – Nominated
1994 Gemini Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Continuing Leading Dramatic Role (James Purcell) – WON
Broadcast
Counterstrike aired in the United States on cable channel USA Network, premiering on July 1, 1990. It premiered on November 2, 1991 on CTV in Canada, and on TF1 in France on November 20, 1991. Counterstrike has since aired in reruns in Canada on Showcase and TVtropolis.
References
External links
CTV Television Network original programming
Espionage television series
1990s Canadian drama
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20J.%20Salzman
|
Peter J. Salzman was a computer hacker and former senior member of the hacking group, Legion of Doom, in the 1980s. He was the first hacker apprehended during Operation Sundevil and was caught while serving in the United States Air Force as a computer cryptography specialist.
Salzman was the founder and many time president of the Linux Users Group of Davis. He finished a Ph.D. at University of California at Davis in physics, doing a dissertation on the semi-classical theory of gravitation, a subtopic of quantum gravity. He is also the author and former maintainer of the popular guides Using GNU's GDB Debugger and Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide.
He co-authored (along with Norman Matloff) a popular book on computer program debugging called "The Art of Debugging with GDB", which was published on April 15, 2008.
Salzman finished a Master of Quantitative Finance at Baruch College. He worked as a quantitative developer for Fitch Ratings and Fitch Solutions before becoming a quantitative analyst for Algorithmics. He is currently a quantitative analyst for IBM.
External links
Peter Jay Salzman's dissertation: Investigation of the Time Dependent Schrodinger-Newton Equation
Living people
Financial economists
University of California, Davis alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combat%20Mission%3A%20Shock%20Force
|
Combat Mission: Shock Force is a computer wargame by American studio Battlefront.com in the Combat Mission series of games that covers a fictional United States invasion of Syria, focusing on U.S. Stryker brigades. It was released in 2007, marking the debut of the CMX2 game engine, the second generation of Combat Mission games.
Overview
Shock Force depicts fictional battles in the year 2008 between the Syrian Army and US Stryker Brigades. This is the original incarnation of Battlefront.com's Combat Mission series using the new CMX2 game engine. Shock Force features improved graphics and 3D modelling. Modelling of infantry features a 1:1 representation, where every single soldier is depicted in the 3D world by its own animated graphic. The new engine also features real world lighting conditions, and models sun and star positions in the sky. The engine allows the game to be played in real time in addition to the established 60-second incremental format.
Each scenario in the game contains forces drawn from either the US or Syrian Regular Army units utilizing Soviet-bloc equipment such as AK-47 assault rifles and T-72 tanks, with "blue vs. blue" and "red vs. red" scenarios also possible. "Insurgent" units are available as a sub-selection, representing guerrilla forces drawn from the Syrian population.
Content
The game shipped in a jewel case with a DVD-ROM and a printed manual. "Special Edition" versions shipped with a printed full-color poster of Syria with unit dispositions of the fictional invasion from the "Task Force Thunder" campaign marked on it, as well as a custom printed mouse pad.
Game content included a campaign of several linked scenarios, pre-made scenarios ("battles"), and maps for the "Quick Battle" system which permitted random play in one or two player mode. The game shipped with a fully operational map and scenario editor as well as a campaign creation tool.
Reception
The game received "mixed" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. GameSpot's review started with the tag line "Combat Mission says good-bye to WWII, but hello to an inept interface, broken AI, and hideous visuals."
GamingShogun reviewed a later version of the game after several patches and stated it was "one of the most fun battle simulations" they have ever played.
Expansions
Marines
An expansion, called Combat Mission: Shock Force - Marines, was released in September 2008 and marketed by direct sale through Battlefront's website, requiring Combat Mission: Shock Force to play. The module was sold by direct download, physical disc, or both, and included the latest patch for the Shock Force base game, which was also made available via free download to all non-Marines customers and works without the module for owners of the base game. Content of Marines include an increased number of units, 15 standalone scenarios, a 14-mission campaign, and 25 new Quick Battle maps. New units represent United States Marine Corps and Syrian Airborne tr
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish%20measurement
|
Fish measurement is the measuring of individual fish and various parts of their anatomies, for data used in many areas of ichthyology, including taxonomy and fishery biology.
Overall length
Standard length (SL) is the length of a fish measured from the tip of the snout to the posterior end of the last vertebra or to the posterior end of the midlateral portion of the hypural plate. This measurement excludes the length of the caudal (tail) fin.
Total length (TL) is the length of a fish measured from the tip of the snout to the tip of the longer lobe of the caudal fin, usually measured with the lobes compressed along the midline. It is a straight-line measure, not measured over the curve of the body.
Standard length measurements are used with Teleostei (most bony fish), while total length measurements are used with Myxini (hagfish), Petromyzontiformes (lampreys) and usually Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays), as well as some other fishes.
Total length measurements are used in slot limit and minimum landing size regulations.
Fishery biologists often use a third measure in fishes with forked tails, called Fork length (FL), the length of a fish measured from the tip of the snout to the end of the middle caudal fin rays, and is used in fishes in which it is difficult to tell where the vertebral column ends.
Fin lengths and eye diameter
Other possible measurements include the lengths of various fins, the lengths of fin bases and the diameter of the eye.
See also
Ichthyology terms
Standard weight in fish
References
External links
Diagram of fish measurements - Florida Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Department
Ichthyology
Fishkeeping
Fish anatomy
Fisheries science
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archiveus
|
Archiveus is a computer virus for Microsoft Windows operating systems that is used as a method of extortion.
It is a Trojan horse-type ransomware virus that encrypts the user's files. The user must then purchase something on specific Web sites to obtain the password to decrypt the files.
In May 2006, the password protection was cracked. The password for restoring the affected files was found to be "mf2lro8sw03ufvnsq034jfowr18f3cszc20vmw".
Further reading
References
External links
Virus information by Symantec
Windows file viruses
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geneshaft
|
is a Japanese science fiction anime television series set in space, produced by Bandai Visual in 2001, and directed by Kazuki Akane (of Escaflowne fame). It was broadcast on the WOWOW network and was translated and dubbed into English by the anime television network Animax, who broadcast it from within its respective networks in Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent and around the world. Tubi TV later added the series.
The story revolves around the voyages of the Bilkis spaceship across the Solar System, and its crew of genetically engineered humans, as they attempt to uncover the mysteries of an alien technology threatening to destroy the Earth, and whose nature may reveal the true origins and destiny of humanity in the late 23rd century.
The series is characterized by its exploration of the theme of genetic engineering, and the possible consequences of this technology dominating and defining future human society. It also contains a distinctive metal soundtrack with electronica elements (composed by Akira Takasaki), often featuring electric guitar solos at dramatic moments.
Featured as a central plot element is the 'Shaft', a Mecha with a peculiar appearance. Made entirely using CGI, this humanoid robot's design appears to resemble gray mechanical cranes, lacking appealing characteristics common to other Mecha, such as bright colors or even a 'head'.
Plot
Geneshaft is set in a future where genetic engineering has become the dominating technology, defining human society entirely. The government of Earth is totalitarian and as a result there has been peace for 200 years. The government is in control of human reproduction, and is in charge of all (artificial) births, as well as altering the genetic characteristics of every new individual, according to their function in society. One alteration common to all individuals limits their lifespan to 45 years, in order to limit the extent of aging so that they remain healthy and able throughout all of their adult lives.
People are largely rated by the quality of their DNA, and those whose DNA is relatively unrefined, such as those of the 'white' gene type, are generally considered inferior. In order to prevent irrational behavior caused by strong emotional attachment, family structures have been disbanded, and the emotions of love and lust eliminated. The ratio of men to women is 1:9, as it is considered that males are more aggressive than females, and this was part of what led past societies to destruction. Modern society is completely peaceful, the few men typically having leading-type positions, and commonly being of gene types that grant enhanced decision-making skills, while the females are in charge of lesser positions. Men are assigned Registers - emotionless, drone-like women - whose purpose is to document all actions a man takes, as men's DNA contains elements of destructive desires that cannot be eliminated, while acting as his assistant.
The story begins at the time when a 500 kilometer
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomic%20networking
|
Autonomic Networking follows the concept of Autonomic Computing, an initiative started by IBM in 2001. Its ultimate aim is to create self-managing networks to overcome the rapidly growing complexity of the Internet and other networks and to enable their further growth, far beyond the size of today.
Increasing size and complexity
The ever-growing management complexity of the Internet caused by its rapid growth is seen by some experts as a major problem that limits its usability in the future.
What's more, increasingly popular smartphones, PDAs, networked audio and video equipment, and game consoles need to be interconnected. Pervasive Computing not only adds features, but also burdens existing networking infrastructure with more and more tasks that sooner or later will not be manageable by human intervention alone.
Another important aspect is the price of manually controlling huge numbers of vitally important devices of current network infrastructures.
Autonomic nervous system
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is the part of the nervous system of the higher life forms that is not consciously controlled. It regulates bodily functions and the activity of specific organs. As proposed by IBM, future communication systems might be designed in a similar way to the ANS.
Components of autonomic networking
As autonomics conceptually derives from biological entities such as the human autonomic nervous system, each of the areas can be metaphorically related to functional and structural aspects of a living being. In the human body, the autonomic system facilitates and regulates a variety of functions including respiration, blood pressure and circulation, and emotive response. The autonomic nervous system is the interconnecting fabric that supports feedback loops between internal states and various sources by which internal and external conditions are monitored.
Autognostics
Autognostics includes a range of self-discovery, awareness, and analysis capabilities that provide the autonomic system with a view on high-level state. In metaphor, this represents the perceptual sub-systems that gather, analyze, and report on internal and external states and conditions – for example, this might be viewed as the eyes, visual cortex and perceptual organs of the system. Autognostics, or literally "self-knowledge", provides the autonomic system with a basis for response and validation.
A rich autognostic capability may include many different "perceptual senses". For example, the human body gathers information via the usual five senses, the so-called sixth sense of proprioception (sense of body position and orientation), and through emotive states that represent the gross wellness of the body. As conditions and states change, they are detected by the sensory monitors and provide the basis for adaptation of related systems. Implicit in such a system are imbedded models of both internal and external environments such that relative value can be assigned to any per
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Med-Vet-Net
|
Med-Vet-Net is a European Network of Excellence for zoonosis research. The Network officially commenced on 1 September 2004 until 31 October 2009. It was funded for five years at a cost of €14.4 million (£10 million) by the European Union (EU) 6th Framework Programme, within the ‘Quality and Safety of Food’ Priority Area. In October 2009 the network continued to start the Med-Vet-Net Association for Zoonoses Research.
Zoonoses are diseases that are naturally transmitted from animals to man.
Med-Vet-Net aimed to develop a network of excellence for the integration of veterinary, medical and food scientists, in the field of food safety, at the European Level, in order to improve research on the prevention and control of zoonoses, including food-borne diseases. The Network also aimed to take into account the public health concerns of consumers and other stakeholders throughout the food chain.
Med-Vet-Net comprised 15 partners across Europe and over 300 scientists. The institutes involved consisted of eight veterinary, seven public health institutes and one learned society from 10 European countries. All partner institutes had national reference laboratory-based responsibilities for the prevention and control of zoonoses.
Med-Vet-Net Association for Zoonoses Research
Following the end of EU funding the Med-Vet-Net Association was officially launched in October 2009 to continue work started within the former Network of Excellence. The self-funded Association, currently comprises 21 European research institutes.
(Austria) Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES)
(Austria) University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna
(Belgium) SCIENSANO
(Denmark] Statens Serum Institut (SSI)
(Denmark) Technical University of Denmark (Vet-DTU) (Food-DTU)
(Denmark) Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen
(Finland) Finnish Food Authority (RUOKA)
(France) Agence nationale de securite sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES) (Formerly AFSSA)
(Germany) Federal Institute for RiskAssessment | Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung (BfR)
(Ireland) Central Veterinary Research Laboratory (CVRL)
(Ireland) National University of Ireland, Galway (NUIG)
(Italy) Central Public Health Institute in Italy | Istituto Superiore di Sanita (ISS)
(Netherlands) Wageningen Bioveterinary Research (WBVR) (formerly Central Veterinary Institute; CVI) of Wageningen University & Research (WUR)
(Netherlands) National Institute for Public Health and the Environment | Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheit en Milieu (RIVM)
(Norway) Norwegian Veterinary Institute | Veterinærinstituttet (NVI)
(Norway) Norwegian Institute for Public Health (FHI)
(Poland) National Veterinary Research Institute | Państwowy Instytut Weterynaryjny - Państwowy Instytut Babdwczy (PIWET)
(Spain) The Complutense University of Madrid | Complutense University Madrid (UCM)
(Serbia) Pasteur Institute Novi Sad | ЗАРЗ Пастеров завод Нови Сад (PINS)
(Sweden) Na
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Moon
|
John Moon may refer to:
John A. Moon (1855–1921), U.S. Representative from Tennessee
John W. Moon (1836–1898), U.S. Representative from Michigan
John P. Moon (born 1938), Apple Computers executive
John B. Moon (1849–1915), American lawyer and politician in the Virginia House of Delegates
John Moyne or Moon, MP for Calne
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20number-one%20singles%20of%202006%20%28Australia%29
|
The ARIA Singles Chart ranks the best-performing singles in Australia. Its data, published by the Australian Recording Industry Association, is based collectively on each single's weekly physical and digital sales. In 2006, 14 singles claimed the top spot, including Lee Harding's "Wasabi"/"Eye of the Tiger", which started its peak position in late 2005.
Thirteen acts achieved their first number-one single in Australia, either as a lead or featured artist: Chris Brown, Bob Sinclar, Gary Pine, TV Rock, Seany B, Youth Group, Rihanna, Wyclef Jean, Sandi Thom, Green Day, Scissor Sisters, Damien Leith and Beyoncé. Five collaborations topped the chart. Thom's "I Wish I Was a Punk Rocker (With Flowers in My Hair)" was the longest-running number-one single of 2006, having topped the ARIA Singles Chart for ten consecutive weeks. Shakira's "Hips Don't Lie" topped the chart for nine consecutive weeks, Rihanna's "SOS" stayed at number-one for eight consecutive weeks, TV Rock's "Flaunt It" stayed at number-one for five weeks and Leith spent four weeks at number-one with "Night of My Life".
Chart history
Number-one artists
See also
2006 in music
List of number-one albums of 2006 (Australia)
References
2006 in Australian music
Australia Singles
2006
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geonet
|
Geonet may refer to:
Geosynthetic, products used to solve civil engineering problems
GEOnet Names Server, a database of place names used outside of the United States
GeoNet, an early international on-line services network
GeoNet, a geological hazards monitoring service in New Zealand run by GNS Science
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TLN
|
TLN may refer to:
Toulon-Hyères Airport, France, IATA code
Telelatino, Spanish and Italian cable channel in Canada
Total Living Network, a US religious television network
Thermolysin, an enzyme
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCSL
|
SCSL is an acronym that can stand for:
Scientific Computing Software Library, by Silicon Graphics
Special Court for Sierra Leone
Sun Community Source Licensing, for Sun Java
Staffordshire County Senior League in English football
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Eye%20%28novel%29
|
The Eye (, Sogliadatai, literally 'voyeur' or 'peeper'), written in 1930, is Vladimir Nabokov's fourth novel. It was translated into English by the author's son Dmitri Nabokov in 1965.
At around 80 pages, The Eye is Nabokov's shortest novel. Nabokov himself referred to it as a 'little novel' and it is a work that sits somewhere around the boundary between extended short story and novella. It was produced during a hiatus in Nabokov's creation of short stories between 1927 and 1930 as a result of his growing success as a novelist.
As in many of Nabokov's early works, the characters are largely Russian émigrés relocated to Europe, specifically Berlin. In this case, the novel is set in two houses where a young Russian tutor, Smurov, is renting room and board.
Plot summary
The action of the novel largely begins after the (perhaps fatal) suicide attempt of the protagonist. This occurs after he suffers a beating at the hands of a cuckolded husband (the protagonist has been having an affair with a woman called Matilda with whom he has also, apparently, been rather bored). After his supposed death, and assuming everything in the world around him to be a manifestation of his 'leftover' imagination, his "eye" observes a group of Russian émigrés as he tries to ascertain their opinions of the character Smurov, around whom much uncertainty and suspicion exists.
Themes
The novel deals largely with indeterminate locus of identity and the social construction of identity in the reactions and opinions of others. Smurov exists as a fraud, nobleman, scoundrel, "sexual adventurer", thief, and spy in the eyes of the various characters. In some senses, Smurov is akin to the narrator of Dostoevsky's Notes from Underground. As the protagonist carefully collects these observations, he attempts to build a stable perspective on Smurov — whom we only belatedly discover is the narrator himself. The result is a meditation on the relationship between subjectivity and objectivity.
The work is the first one in Nabokov's oeuvre involving a first-person narrator and, specifically, one who imposes his fantasy world upon the real world. This was to be a structure that was developed further in later works such as Despair (1934), Pale Fire (1962) and his final novel, Look at the Harlequins! (1974). In a 1967 interview with Alfred Appel Jr, Nabokov retrospectively suggested that the work might have represented a turning-point in his career in this respect.
References
Further reading
External links
A brief bibliography and summary of The Eye at Zembla.
Novels by Vladimir Nabokov
1965 American novels
1930 Russian novels
American novellas
Russian novellas
Fiction with unreliable narrators
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jv16%20powertools
|
jv16 PowerTools, developed by Macecraft Software, is a utility software suite for the Microsoft Windows operating system designed to fix common Windows errors, clean old, unneeded junk from the system, and make computers start faster. jv16 PowerTools has been reviewed by Chip.de, PC World, Tech Advisor, Laptop Mag, Softpedia, and various tech sites and blogs.
Features
jv16 PowerTools’ main features are System Cleaner (which includes registry cleaner functionality) and an uninstaller called Software Uninstaller. In addition, the software has features such as Finder, Big File Finder, Duplicate Finder, File Renamer, File Splitter, File Merger, File Deleter, File Wiper, Task Manager, Web Blocker, and Internet Optimizer. jv16 PowerTools is available in 19 languages.
Development
jv16 PowerTools was developed in 2003 by the founder of Macecraft Software, Jouni Vuorio (later changed his name to Jouni Flemming) after he developed a freeware software called RegCleaner.
Crowdfunding campaign
In December 2013, Macecraft created a crowdfunding campaign on Indiegogo aiming to make jv16 PowerTools available as open-source. However, the campaign didn't reach its financial goal, making jv16 PowerTools continue as shareware instead.
Critical reception
PC World’s Steve Bass gave an expert rating of 3.5/5 stars in 2008 and commented that jv16 PowerTools ‘will tell you all you ever wanted to know about Windows Registry, but you probably won't need all of its tools’. In 2010, Ian Harac called it a “Swiss Army Knife” of Utilities, but also commented that 'despite a wide array of useful features, it's somewhat hampered by a clumsy and uninformative interface'.
Laptop Mag gave an editor's rating of 4.5/5 stars in 2009 and the verdict was that jv16 PowerTools is ‘a solid solution provided that its somewhat intimidating interface doesn't turn you off.'
Softpedia gave jv16 PowerTools an editor rating of 4.5/5 stars in 2017 and commented that the software is ‘a good place to start tweaking some of your system's components.'
Tech Advisor gave the verdict that jv16 PowerTools has a little variable in quality, but also commented that ‘the sheer weight of features means it's still worth a look’ in 2019.
Chip.de’s editorial team rated jv16 PowerTools as satisfying and mentioned ‘sensible tuning modules and monitoring of LAN traffic’ as its advantages. However, they noted ‘excessive price’ as its disadvantage.
References
Utilities for Windows
Pascal (programming language) software
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circular%20Quay%20ferry%20wharf
|
Circular Quay ferry wharf is a complex of wharves at Circular Quay, on Sydney Cove, that serves as the hub for the Sydney Harbour ferry network.
It is adjacent to Circular Quay railway station, which serves as an interchange for Sydney Trains services.
Layout
The Circular Quay ferry wharf complex consists of five double-sided wharves at 90 degrees to the shoreline, numbered 2 to 6. Wharves 3 to 5 are used exclusively by Sydney Ferries, wharf 2 west is used by Sydney Ferries, wharf 2 east is used by Manly Fast Ferries by while wharf 6 is used by other operators including Captain Cook Cruises. Each wharf has ticket selling facilities on both sides of the barriers as most other wharves do not have such facilities.
On the eastern side alongside Bennelong Apartments, is the Eastern Pontoon used by charter operators. On the western side, lie the Commissioners Steps and Harbour Masters Steps that charter operators and water taxis use.
When the Port Jackson & Manly Steamship Company introduced hydrofoils to the Manly service in the mid-1960s, a pontoon was attached to the eastern side of wharf 2 to allow the hydrofoils to berth without their foils fouling the wharf. This was removed when the hydrofoils were replaced by JetCats in 1991.
Wharf 3 is exclusively used by ferries on the Manly service. When the Freshwater class ferries were introduced in the 1980s, the wharf was rebuilt to accommodate their onboard gangways. It has a mezzanine level allowing ferries to disembark passengers from their upper decks. It also houses an office for Transdev Sydney Ferries. To better accommodate the larger ferries, wharf 3 is built higher from the water and this combined with differently configured Opal card readers and gates, means only Manly ferries can use the wharf.
Wharves 2 West, 4 and 5 are used interchangeably by Sydney Ferries.
Ferry services
Transport links
The Circular Quay ferry wharf complex is adjacent to an elevated railway station of the same name. The station is served by Sydney Trains services on the Airport & South Line, Inner West & Leppington Line and the Bankstown Line.
South of the railway station is the Alfred Street bus terminus. A number of Transdev John Holland routes originate from there while two Big Bus Tours routes depart from George Street just north of Alfred Street. There is also the terminus of the L2 and L3 Sydney Light Rail services, located west of the bus terminus, but still on Alfred Street.
References
External links
Circular Quay at Transport for New South Wales (Archived 10 June 2019)
Circular Quay Public Transport Map Transport for NSW
Ferry wharves in Sydney
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo%20H.%20S%C3%A9quin
|
Carlo Heinrich Séquin (born October 30, 1941) is a professor of Computer Science at the University of California, Berkeley in the United States.
Séquin is recognized as one of the pioneers in processor design. Séquin has worked with computer graphics, geometric modelling, and on the development of computer-aided design (CAD) tools for circuit designers. He was born in Zurich, Switzerland.
Séquin is a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery.
Academic history
Séquin holds the Baccalaureate type C (in Math and Science), Basel, Switzerland (1960), the Diploma in Experimental Physics, University of Basel, Switzerland (1965), and a Ph.D in Experimental Physics, from the Institute of Applied Physics, Basel (1969).
Career
Having received his doctorate, Séquin went on to work at the Institute of Applied Physics in Basel on the interface physics of MOS transistors and problems of applied electronics in the field of cybernetic models. From 1970 to 1976 Séquin worked at Bell Telephone Laboratories in New Jersey on the design and investigation of charge-coupled devices for imaging and signal processing applications. While at Bell Telephone Laboratories he was introduced to computer graphics in lectures given by Ken Knowlton.
In 1977 Séquin joined the Faculty in the Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department (EECS) at Berkeley where he introduced the concept of RISC processors with David A. Patterson in the early 1980s. He was head of the Computer Science Division from 1980 to 1983. Since then he has worked extensively on computer graphics, geometric modelling, and on the development of computer aided design (CAD) tools for circuit designers, architects, and for mechanical engineers.
Séquin's expertise in computer graphics and geometric design have led to his involvement with sculptors of abstract geometric art, which was inspired by the analytic constructivism of Frank Smullin.
Dr. Séquin is a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), a Fellow of the IEEE, and has been elected to the Swiss Academy of Engineering Sciences. Since 2001 he has been Associate Dean, Capital Projects, at Berkeley’s College of Engineering.
References
External links
Biographical information on Séquin
Carlo H. Séquin's homepage at U.C. Berkeley
Sculpture designs and Maths models by Séquin
List of publications
Interview with Séquin
Séquin on perfect shapes in higher dimensions, regular polytopes in n dimensions
CARLO H. SÉQUIN, AN ORAL HISTORY. 2 interview: 05 July 2002 tape 1\8: 00:03:41 − 00:06
1941 births
Living people
Swiss computer scientists
American computer scientists
Computer graphics researchers
Computer systems researchers
University of California, Berkeley faculty
Scientists from Zürich
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permafrost%20Young%20Researchers%20Network
|
The Permafrost Young Researcher’s Network (PYRN) is a network formed in 2005 to formally facilitate and strengthen contacts among young scientists in the permafrost community. It arose from the need for an integrated single source of information for specific resources vital to young scientists (fellowships, conference travel funding, position opportunities, etc.). Additionally, the imminence of the International Polar Year (IPY) prompted the need for a visible representation of the young permafrost community at the international level. The Permafrost Young Researchers Network has therefore been formally established within the International Permafrost Association (IPA) framework and has created and maintains means of communication among young researchers involved in permafrost research. It reports on young researchers’ activities to the IPA membership and working parties and represents permafrost scientists and engineers within broader international and national assemblages.
Activities
The PYRN website is hosted by the Arctic Portal . On the site information on conferences, events, job and graduate positions, research and other topics related to permafrost science is available. It distributes an electronic newsletter to the young researchers’ communities related to the aforementioned topics and seeks to promote and publicize research undertaken by young researchers. PYRN membership is now up to 1100+ members with as many as 50 countries involved (11/07/2014). An Expression of Intent to the International Polar Year was submitted and PYRN will take part in this major event under the auspices of the International Permafrost Association.
See also
Association of Polar Early Career Scientists
External links
Homepage of Permafrost Young Researchers Network (PYRN)
Geology societies
Scientific organisations based in Germany
International scientific organizations
Organizations established in 2005
Youth organisations based in Germany
Permafrost
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarke%20Ingram
|
Clarke Ingram is a United States radio personality and programming executive.
Ingram is best known in his home market (and hometown) of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Career
Ingram was formerly the program director of two Pittsburgh stations, top 40 WBZZ (now KDKA-FM) and "Jammin' Oldies" WJJJ (now country WPGB). He also served as program director of top 40 stations WPXY in Rochester, New York and KRQQ in Tucson, Arizona, operations manager of top 40 KZZP in Phoenix, Arizona, and as an on-air personality at top 40 WHTZ (Z-100) in New York City and other radio stations including WBZZ, WWSW-FM, and the former WXKX/WHTX (now WKST-FM), all in Pittsburgh. He also was operations manager and program director at suburban WKHB/WKFB (owned by Broadcast Communications Inc.) for several years.
While the bulk of Ingram's career was in top 40 radio, he moved into oldies in his later years, and hosted weekend oldies shows on WWSW-FM and WKHB/WKFB. Saying it was "the first step on the road to my retirement", Ingram relinquished his remaining duties at Broadcast Communications Inc. in 2011.
In 2013, Ingram returned to radio as consultant to Pittsburgh-area station WZUM, for which he developed an urban oldies format. Three years later, the station was sold and changed to a jazz format. In 2019, Ingram announced that "whatever time (he had) left on this earth" would be largely devoted to television history and preservation. With assistance from fellow historian and preservationist Sean Cogan, he launched a YouTube channel called "Free The Kinescopes", which features rarely seen TV shows, including many from Ingram's collection.
Awards and recognition
In 1995, Ingram was named one of the top 40 "Top 40 DJs of All Time" (ranked #38) by Decalcomania, a radio enthusiasts' club publishing a monthly newsletter. The list was published in the New York Daily News on September 5, 1995.
Ingram won radio industry "Program Director of the Year" awards three times, twice from the Gavin Seminar for Media Professionals, and once from the Bobby Poe Pop Music Survey.
Other activities
Ingram is recognized as an expert on the defunct DuMont Television Network, and maintained an extensive website devoted to the subject.
Ingram was also a leading force in a grassroots protest to get the CBS Television Network to reconsider its cancellation of the program Jericho, which it announced in May 2007. Ingram was referred to as a "save-the-show campaign leader" by columnist Rob Owen of the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. In response, the producers gave Ingram an onscreen tribute in the penultimate scene of the series' final episode in 2008.
References
External links
Aircheck of Clarke Ingram on KZZP, Phoenix, August 1986, posted at airchexx.com
Aircheck of Clarke Ingram on WKHB, Irwin, PA (serving the greater Pittsburgh market), posted at airchexx.com
American radio personalities
Living people
American radio executives
Year of birth missing (living people)
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMS.ac%2C%20Inc.
|
Founded in 2001, SMS.ac Inc. is a mobile data and Internet communications company based in San Diego, California. With a worldwide connectivity to more than 400 mobile operators, the company offers a platform MMSbox for interpole exchange of MMS and SMS. The company (and its spinoff subsidiary FanBox, now rebranded as empowr) has claimed to serve over 14 billion mobile text messages in 2003, and 25 billion in 2004 where they were widely criticized for charging unrequested SMS services from consumers and for failing to respond to the complaints of users and for FanBox's e-mail activities. The company provides distribution and billing to people buying and selling digital content (video, music, and applications) through (SMS) mobile services and web-based applications. SMS.ac's website integrates its mobile billing technology with various social networking services like photos, videos, music, and comments. SMS.ac claims over 50 million registered users in more than 180 countries.
The SMS.ac website domain name uses the .ac top-level domain for Ascension Island.
As of June 2022, the domain is for sale and emails to the domain bounce due to lack of a configured mail server.
Business model
SMS.ac's revenue is derived through revenue-sharing arrangements with content providers and mobile operators. Specifically, the company enables content providers to bill subscribers for consumption of video, music, and widgets through SMS-based (text message) mobile billing.
History
At the time of its public launch in 2002, SMS.ac made history by signing up "nearly 6 million users in its first six months – making it the fastest product launch in Internet history".
In 2005, SMS.ac was recognized as one of "the top emerging companies in the wireless industry" by Fierce Wireless's "Fierce 15". An article by the Chicago Tribune described "a clever text-messaging ploy" whereby users provide their e-mail address and password in response to a message to join.
In 2006 an article in the International Herald Tribune, while praising the service's integrated billing option, stated "SMS.ac is one of those right-place, right-time, right-technology companies that has nearly all the elements for colossal success. But it also has hovering over it a big red flag that could wrong-foot it at any moment as some consumers had complained on the Internet and in the mainstream press that SMS.ac has charged them for services they never asked for, making that billing relationship into potentially its greatest liability."
In 2007, SMS.ac created a DBA called FanBox, a social networking mobile desktop site.
In 2008, SMS.ac was fined £250,000 by the UK premium rate regulator, PhonepayPlus, for operating misleading and unfair mobile-terminating text message services without giving proper pricing information, and barred from operating reverse-billed services in the UK until it became compliant with the PhonepayPlus compliance rules. Following the ruling SMS.ac brought their practices into c
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Morgan%20Waters%20Show
|
The Morgan Waters Show is a six-minute sketch comedy show starring Morgan Waters, which ran as part of CBC Television's afternoon youth programming lineup in 2006. The series consists of short sketches in which Waters plays various characters, or appears as himself in various street pranks.
Guests appearing on the show include Canadian Idol hosts Ben Mulroney and Jon Dore, Rick Mercer, the cast of Degrassi: The Next Generation, Ashlee Simpson, Simple Plan, OK GO, Alexz Johnson, Ed the Sock, and Tyler Kyte among others.
The series won a Gemini Award for Best Children's or Youth Fiction Program or Series at the 21st Gemini Awards in 2006.
References
External links
2006 Canadian television series debuts
2006 Canadian television series endings
CBC Television original programming
2000s Canadian sketch comedy television series
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1893%3A%20A%20World%27s%20Fair%20Mystery
|
1893: A World's Fair Mystery is an educational work of interactive fiction by American author Peter Nepstad, written in the TADS programming language. It takes place during the Chicago World's Columbian Exposition of 1893. The exposition is recreated in detail, with archival photographs from the fair and in-depth descriptions detailing each of the few hundred locations.
An early text-only version won the 2002 XYZZY Award for Best Setting, and 1893 was declared runner-up for Games' Best RPG/Adventure 2004.
Plot
During the 1893 World's Colombian Exposition, eight diamonds have been stolen from the exhibition pavilion of the fictional Kimberly Diamond Mining Company. Among them is one of the largest diamonds in the world that the mining company had bestowed to Queen Victoria, who then gave it to the exposition as a loan. The player assumes the role of a detective who investigates the case. The theft soon develops into a kidnapping case, and the player even has to investigate a murder.
Reception
Specialist magazine Adventure Gamers pointed out that among all game genres only adventures enabled the player to retrospectively participate in historic events. Editor Evan Dickens praised an entertaining and well-written narrative and an authentic reconstruction of the exposition, but criticized that the open world game world that is accessible to the player from the beginning on might overexert inexperienced players. As a whole Dickens rated 1893 as "one of the most phantastic adventure games" he had ever played. Just Adventure noted a "solid story" that Nepstad had weaved across his reconstruction of the exhibition. Editor Ricardo Pautassi praised the interface and the characters of the game but criticized thet the large open game world makes the player lose the overview over where to find certain items to solve the puzzles.
References
External links
Official page
2000s interactive fiction
2003 video games
Single-player video games
Video games set in Chicago
Video games set in the 19th century
World's Columbian Exposition in fiction
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20Programming%20Languages%20%28conference%29
|
History of Programming Languages (HOPL) is an infrequent ACM SIGPLAN conference. Past conferences were held in 1978, 1993, and 2007. The fourth conference was originally intended to take place in June 2020, but was postponed to 2021.
HOPL I
HOPL I was held June 1 – 3, 1978 in Los Angeles, California. Jean E. Sammet was both the general and program committee chair. John A. N. Lee was the administrative chair. Richard L. Wexelblat was the proceedings chair. From Sammet's introduction: The HOPL Conference "is intended to consider the technical factors which influenced the development of certain selected programming languages." The languages and presentations in the first HOPL were by invitation of the program committee. The invited languages must have been created and in use by 1967. They also must have remained in use in 1977. Finally, they must have had considerable influence on the field of computing.
The papers and presentations went through extensive review by the program committee (and revisions by the authors), far beyond the norm for conferences and commensurate with some of the best journals in the field.
Preprints of the proceedings were published in SIGPLAN Notices (volume 13, issue 8, August 1978). The final proceedings, including transcripts of question and answer sessions, was published as a book in the ACM Monograph Series: History of Programming Languages, edited by Wexelblat (Academic press, 1981).
HOPL II
HOPL II was held April 20–23, 1993 in Cambridge, Massachusetts. John A.N. Lee was the conference chair and Sammet again was the program chair. In contrast to HOPL I, HOPL II included both invited papers and papers submitted in response to an open call. The scope also expanded. Where HOPL I had only papers on the early history of languages, HOPL II solicited contributions on:
early history of specific languages,
evolution of a language,
history of language features and concepts, and
classes of languages for application-oriented languages and paradigm-oriented languages.
The submitted and invited languages must have been documented by 1982. They also must have been in use or taught by 1985.
As in HOPL I, there was a rigorous multi-stage review and revision process.
Preprints of the proceedings were published in SIGPLAN Notices (volume 28, issue 3, March 1993). The final proceedings, including copies of the presentations and transcripts of question and answer sessions, was published as the ACM Press book: History of Programming Languages, edited by Thomas J. Bergin and Richard G. Gibson (Addison Wesley, 1996).
HOPL III
HOPL III was held June 9–10, 2007 in San Diego, California. Brent Hailpern and Barbara G. Ryder were the conference co-chairs. HOPL III had an open call for participation and asked for papers on either the early history or the evolution of programming languages. The languages must have come into existence before 1996 and been widely used since 1998, either commercially or within a specific domain. Research l
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange%20Morocco
|
Orange Maroc (or previously Médi Télécom or Méditel) is one of three major licensed telecommunications operators in Morocco. The multi-service operator offers mobile, fixed-line, cybersecurity and mobile payment offerings.
Created in 1999, it is the second operator of mobile telephony in Morocco. In December 2016, Meditel became Orange Maroc. The company employs 1,280 people and generates some 20,000 indirect jobs. The operator serves 14.2 million customers in Morocco and has nearly 450 shops across the country. It also owns a fibre network of more than 5,400 km and has more than 4,000 radio sites, covering more than 99% of the country's population.
History
Meditelecom was created in 1999 following a partnership between solid Moroccan investors, namely the Finance Com group and the Caisse de Dépôt et de Gestion, with Telefónica and Portugal Telecom (currently Altice Portugal) which held 32%,18% each.
In September 2009, the Moroccan groups Finance Com and Caisse de depot et de gestion bought back the shares of Telefónica and Portugal Telecom.
On 21 September 2010, Orange confirmed its acquisition of a stake in Meditel for an amount of 640 million euros, or 40% of the capital, and became a 49% shareholder in 2015.
Meditel becomes the first operator to market 4G services in Morocco, when it introduced the technology in Casablanca in June 2015
In March 2016, as part of the group's unification under the "Orange" brand, Stéphane Richard, CEO of Orange, announced that Meditel will be renamed "Orange" before the end of 2016.
On 8 December 2016, Meditel officially becomes Orange Maroc.
On 29 July 2020, Hendrik Kasteel, who until then held the position of managing director of MTN Cameroon, was appointed managing director of Orange Maroc.
References
Telefónica
Orange S.A.
2000 establishments in Morocco
Telecommunications companies established in 2000
Telecommunications companies of Morocco
Mobile phone companies of Morocco
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unreal
|
Unreal may refer to:
Books and TV
Unreal (short story collection), a 1985 book of short stories by Paul Jennings
Unreal (TV series), a 2015 television drama series on Lifetime
Computing and games
Unreal (video game series), various computer games set in the Unreal universe
Unreal (1998 video game), first-person shooter computer game from the series
Unreal (1990 video game), a 1990 game published by Ubisoft
Unreal Engine, a widely used game engine upon which the Unreal games among others are built
Unreal (demo), a 1992 computer programming demo by Future Crew
UnrealIRCd, an Internet Relay Chat daemon
Music
Albums
Unreal (End of You album), 2006
Unreal (Flumpool album), 2008
UnReal (My Ticket Home album), 2017
Unreal!!!, by Ray Stevens, 1970
Unreal, by Bloodstone, 1973
Songs
"Unreal" (song), by Ill Niño, 2002
"Unreal", by Dreamworld, 1995
"Unreal", by Gord Bamford from Country Junkie, 2013
"Unreal", by Soil from Scars, 2001
"Unreal", by Unkle from Psyence Fiction, 1998
See also
Unreality (disambiguation)
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OS2000
|
Baget RTOS (rus. ОСРВ Багет) is a real-time operating system developed by the Scientific Research Institute of System Development of the Russian Academy of Sciences for a MIPS architecture (Baget-MIPS variant) and Intel board support packages (BSPs) (x86 architecture). Baget is intended for software execution in a hard real-time embedded systems (firmware).
X Window System (client and server) was ported to Baget. It also has Ethernet support (Network File System (NFS), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Telnet protocols), long filename File Allocation Table (VFAT) and a tar file systems, floppy disk drive (FDD) and hard disk drive (HDD) driver support. Several supported network cards are limited by some Realtek Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) and Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) cards.
The development process is based on the following principles:
international standards compliance
portability
Scalability
Microkernel
Object-oriented programming
Cross-platform development
Standards compliance
Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) 1003.1, standard (application programming interface (API)),
C standard programming language and libraries.
See also
Comparison of real-time operating systems
External links
NIISI RAS Baget RTOS
NIISI RAS
MCST-R500 1 GHz CPU for Baget RTOS
Real-time operating systems
Embedded operating systems
Microkernel-based operating systems
Microkernels
MIPS operating systems
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WBXT-LD
|
WBXT-LD was an Sonlife Broadcasting Network affiliate for Tallahassee, Florida. It was owned by L4 Media Group, and broadcast on digital UHF channel 43. It was also an affiliate of The Box until that network's acquisition by Viacom in 2001 and became an MTV2 affiliate soon after.
The station's license was cancelled by the Federal Communications Commission on May 15, 2019.
References
External links
BXT-LD
BXT-LD
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree%20%28command%29
|
In computing, tree is a recursive directory listing command or program that produces a depth-indented listing of files. Originating in PC- and MS-DOS, it is found in Digital Research FlexOS, IBM/Toshiba 4690 OS, PTS-DOS, FreeDOS, IBM OS/2, Microsoft Windows, and ReactOS. A version for Unix and Unix-like systems is also available.
The tree command is frequently used as part of a technical support scam, where the command is used to occupy the command prompt screen, while the scammer, pretending to be technical support, types additional text that is supposed to look like output of the command.
Overview
With no arguments, tree lists the files in the current directory. When directory arguments are given, tree lists all the files or directories found in the given directories each in turn. Upon completion of listing all files and directories found, tree returns the total number of files and directories listed. There are options to change the characters used in the output, and to use color output.
The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3.2 and later and IBM PC DOS releases 2 and later. Digital Research DR DOS 6.0, Itautec SISNE plus, and Datalight ROM-DOS include an implementation of the command.
The Tree Command for Linux was developed by Steve Baker. The FreeDOS version was developed by Dave Dunfield and the ReactOS version was developed by Asif Bahrainwala. All three implementations are licensed under the GNU General Public License.
Example
$ tree path/to/folder/
path/to/folder/
├── a-first.html
├── b-second.html
├── subfolder
│ ├── readme.html
│ ├── code.cpp
│ └── code.h
└── z-last-file.html
1 directories, 6 files
See also
ls
pstree
List of Unix commands
List of DOS commands
References
Further reading
External links
The Tree Command for Linux Homepage
tree | Microsoft Docs
External DOS commands
OS/2 commands
ReactOS commands
Unix file system-related software
Windows commands
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nebraska%20Television%20Network
|
The Nebraska Television Network (NTV) is the ABC affiliate for most of central and western Nebraska. It consists of two full-power stations—KHGI-TV (channel 13) in Kearney, with its transmitter near Lowell, and KWNB-TV (channel 6) in Hayes Center—as well as two low-power stations in McCook and North Platte. NTV is owned by Sinclair Broadcast Group, alongside Lincoln-licensed Fox affiliate KFXL-TV (channel 51), and operates from studios on Nebraska Highway 44 east of Axtell, about south of Kearney, with a secondary studio and news bureau at the Conestoga Mall in Grand Island.
NTV serves North Platte as well as the western half of the Lincoln–Hastings–Kearney market, though it has never been the ABC affiliate of record for Lincoln. Historically, Lincoln viewers watched Omaha stations; in 1996, KLKN (channel 8) was launched as a Lincoln-based ABC affiliate. Though KLKN and NTV generally focus on separate areas, satellite television providers Dish Network and DirecTV provide both stations across the entire market.
The first station in the network went on the air as KHOL-TV in December 1953. Owned by a group of businessmen from Holdrege, it was a primary affiliate of CBS and the first station in Nebraska outside of Lincoln or Omaha. To bring television to southwestern Nebraska, local residents contributed money to construct channel 6 at Hayes Center, originally designated KHPL-TV, which began broadcasting in February 1956. The stations became primary ABC affiliates in 1961. In the 1960s, two additional transmitters were built: KHQL-TV (channel 8) at Albion and KHTL-TV (channel 4) in Superior. The network was sold to NTV Enterprises in 1974; the stations adopted their present call signs. In 1983, the Albion station was separated from the network as the short-lived independent station KBGT-TV "Big 8"; the translators in McCook and North Platte were constructed in the late 1980s.
In 1994, NTV began managing KTVG-TV in Grand Island, which became a Fox affiliate; KSNB-TV was switched from ABC to Fox in 1996. NTV's owner in the 1990s and 2000s, Pappas Telecasting, started Lincoln's channel 51 in 2006; that station and subchannels of most of the NTV stations became Fox affiliates in 2009. Sinclair acquired NTV at bankruptcy auction in 2015. The station produces news programs focusing on southwestern Nebraska and the Tri-Cities area.
History
Early years
On March 20, 1953, the Bi-States Company, a group of businessmen from Holdrege and Alma, applied to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for permission to build channel 13 at Kearney. For several months, it appeared as though Bi-States would have to compete for the channel with the Central Nebraska Broadcasting Company, which owned Kearney radio station KGFW; however, when that company withdrew its bid in July, the FCC immediately granted a construction permit to Bi-States. The station, KHOL-TV, was built on a plot of land near Axtell, it signed for affiliation with CBS in September and the DuMont
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCOM%20U.S.%20Navy%20SEALs%3A%20Combined%20Assault
|
SOCOM U.S. Navy SEALs: Combined Assault is a tactical shooter video game developed by Zipper Interactive and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for PlayStation 2.
Combined Assaults campaign mode offers 18 missions. The game takes place in the fictional country of Adjikistan. The country is supposedly situated somewhere in Central Asia near Afghanistan and Pakistan, featuring a number of different environment and climate zones—allowing for the game to feature a wide variety of landscapes and settings while working within one large, connected story.
The online servers for this game, along with other PlayStation 2 and PlayStation Portable SOCOM titles, were shut down on August 31, 2012.
Gameplay
One of the main new features of this game is the ability to play the story mode online, replacing the AI SEAL team with up to three other players via online play. Players can play single player campaign missions, or the instant action missions. This mode allows the player to play any unlocked levels in single player on a variety of game modes. Players can also unlock "Badges" after completing specific objectives. After a player receives a certain amount of badges, they unlock weapons and weapon attachments. These unlocked weapons are used mainly in offline mode, but two weapons can be used in online multiplayer matches. It is also possible to complete the campaign mode in any order the player wishes (for example: players can complete objectives in no specific order, and players can choose which mission to play).
New items include medkits and ammunition kits, able to revive/heal a SEAL team member and replenish ammunition of multiple types of weapons respectively. Body Armor is an option and Beanbag Launchers are a non-lethal alternative to stunning an opponent in combat. In addition, the online play section includes all the SOCOM 3 multiplayer maps as well 10 new multiplayer maps for Combined Assault. As of March 31, 2008, three map packs have been released, adding 11 more maps. The first map pack was released on June 27, 2006, and contained the three HDD Maps from SOCOM II. The maps are "After Hours", "Last Bastion" and "Liberation". Players were given two weeks (until July 10, 2006), to play these maps online for free. The second map pack has been released with a new patch on November 19, 2007. There are four maps, and they are "Blizzard", "Desert Glory", "Abandoned" and "Blood Lake". Each other these maps were in both SOCOM and SOCOM II. With the release of the second map pack, players were not given a two-week trial period like with the first one. It is available for free via the SOCOM Store. The third map pack has been released on March 31, 2008. The four new maps include Frostfire, Fish Hook, Guidance, and Crossroads. With the release of the third map pack, Zipper Interactive decided to release the map packs for free.
Story
More than 20 years after the Soviet Union's collapse, the former Adjikistani Socialist republic has finally gained inde
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PulseAudio
|
PulseAudio is a network-capable sound server program distributed via the freedesktop.org project. It runs mainly on Linux, various BSD distributions such as FreeBSD and OpenBSD, macOS, as well as Illumos distributions and the Solaris operating system. It serves as a middleware in between applications and hardware and handles raw PCM audio streams.
PulseAudio is free and open-source software, and is licensed under the terms of the LGPL-2.1-or-later.
It was created in 2004 under the name Polypaudio but was renamed in 2006 to PulseAudio.
PulseAudio competes with newer PipeWire, which provides a compatible PulseAudio server (known as pipewire-pulse), and PipeWire is now used by default on many Linux distributions, including Fedora Linux, Ubuntu, and Debian.
History
Microsoft Windows was previously supported via MinGW (an implementation of the GNU toolchain, which includes various tools such as GCC and binutils). The Windows port has not been updated since 2011, however.
Software architecture
In broad terms ALSA is a kernel subsystem that provides the sound hardware driver, and PulseAudio is the interface engine between applications and ALSA. However, its use is not mandatory and audio can still be played and mixed together without PulseAudio.
PulseAudio acts as a sound server, where a background process accepting sound input from one or more sources (processes, capture devices, etc.) is created. The background process then redirects these sound sources to one or more sinks (sound cards, remote network PulseAudio servers, or other processes).
One of the goals of PulseAudio is to reroute all sound streams through it, including those from processes that attempt to directly access the hardware (like legacy OSS applications). PulseAudio achieves this by providing adapters to applications using other audio systems, like aRts and ESD.
In a typical installation scenario under Linux, the user configures ALSA to use a virtual device provided by PulseAudio. Thus, applications using ALSA will output sound to PulseAudio, which then uses ALSA itself to access the real sound card. PulseAudio also provides its own native interface to applications that want to support PulseAudio directly, as well as a legacy interface for ESD applications, making it suitable as a drop-in replacement for ESD.
For OSS applications, PulseAudio provides the padsp utility, which replaces device files such as /dev/dsp, tricking the applications into believing that they have exclusive control over the sound card. In reality, their output is rerouted through PulseAudio.
libcanberra
libcanberra is an abstract API for desktop event sounds and a total replacement for the "PulseAudio sample cache API":
Complies with the XDG Sound Theme and Naming Specifications.
Defines a simple abstract interface for playing event sounds.
Interfaces with ALSA through libasound.
Has a back-end to PulseAudio.
libSydney
libSydney is a total replacement for the "PulseAudio streaming API", and plans
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Simpsons%20%28pinball%29
|
The Simpsons is a 1990 pinball game released by Data East Pinball. It is based on the animated sitcom The Simpsons and features many elements from the series, such as character voices and music. The game was popular in the United States, becoming a hit for Data East Pinball. It has been cited as helping increase the popularity of pinball machines at the beginning of the 1990s. The Simpsons pinball game was followed by The Simpsons Pinball Party in 2003.
Content
The pinball machine is modeled after the animated sitcom The Simpsons. The pop bumpers are styled as nuclear reactor cooling towers and several characters from the show function as targets. Other targets depict the Simpson family's favorite foods, such as chocolate ice cream and donuts, and the family bowling. The machine is equipped with a Yamaha synthesizer that plays the theme song from the television series. It also features a computerized voice system on an OKI sound chip, and the characters are constantly talking. The original voices of the characters from the series are used. Mr. Burns says "Smithers, fire that man!" and "Don't you know how to use flippers?", while Bart says lines like "Don't have a cow, man," "Way to go, man," "You blew it, man," and "Hey, man, we're both underachievers." This was also the last pinball machine by Data East Pinball to utilise an alphanumeric display before changing to the dot-matrix display.
Development and release
The pinball game was released by Data East Pinball in 1990. It was licensed by Fox Broadcasting Company and produced in Data East's factory in Melrose Park, Illinois. According to an article in Chicago Sun-Times, the producers took advice from The Simpsons creator Matt Groening while developing the game. On November 9, 1990, Data East executive vice-president Gary Stern described the game to the press as "fun – a whole package ... voices, music, artwork, great ramps." He also noted that "This game is already on its way to becoming a monster hit." In 2007, Stern said in an interview with License! that "While we export about one-third of our games, that first [The Simpsons pinball] model did especially well in the U.S."
Reception and legacy
The Simpsons pinball machine won the award for best pinball game in 1990 by the Amusement and Music Operators Association, a group that represents coin machine operators. According to the Chicago Sun-Times article, pinball players have cited Data East's The Simpsons as a game that helped increase the popularity of pinball. The pinball market had been dead by the end of the 1980s, following the surge of the video game market, but it rose in popularity at the beginning of the 1990s. Tom Henry of The Tampa Tribune wrote in 1991 that pinball games became popular again because they started emphasizing themes: "The artwork, targets and sounds work together to create a story, manufacturers say. The computer unveils the subplot differently, depending on skill levels and the sequence in which shots are made."
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WBXI-CD
|
WBXI-CD (channel 47) is a low-powered, Class A television station in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, broadcasting programming from the digital multicast network Start TV. Owned and operated by the CBS News and Stations group, the station has a transmitter at the tower farm on the northwest side of Indianapolis.
History
The station first signed on the air in 1990 as W47AZ. Originally serving as an affiliate of the viewer-request music video network The Box, the station changed its call letters to WBXI-CA in 2001; that year, the station switched to MTV2 following that network's acquisition by Viacom, which acquired WBXI-CA. For a few months in 2004, channel 47 served as a repeater of then-sister station and UPN affiliate WNDY-TV (channel 23, now a MyNetworkTV affiliate); this ended when Viacom's Television Stations Group (now CBS Television Stations) subsidiary sold WNDY-TV to the LIN TV Corporation, owners of then-CBS (now CW) affiliate WISH-TV (channel 8), in February 2005.
Unexpectedly, Viacom retained ownership of WBXI-CA, before spinning it off to CBS Corporation in December of that year, following CBS' split from the former company; Viacom retained ownership of the MTV Networks; however, the station maintained its MTV2 affiliation.
In 2007, the station switched to MTV2's Spanish-language sister network MTV Tr3s. This would end in 2014 upon the expiration of its last carriage contract, when WBXI would switch to continuous weather information.
On January 1, 2018, WBXI began carrying programming from CBS/Weigel Broadcasting's Decades, with a local hour of the weather loop remaining weekdays at 7:00 a.m. On September 3, 2018, WBXI-CD launched CBS/Weigel's new network Start TV, dropping Decades. Decades shifted over to WSDI-LD2. The station transitioned to ViacomCBS ownership in December 2019.
Technical information
Analog-to-digital conversion
WBXI-CA maintained a construction permit to shut down its analog signal and flash cut its digital signal into operation on UHF channel 47 on September 1, 2015. The station turned on its digital signal on August 21, 2015, and ceased operations of its analog signal on September 1, 2015, the mandatory date for Class A Low Powered Stations to cease operations.
References
External links
Mass media in Indianapolis
CBS News and Stations
Paramount Stations Group
BXI-CD
Television channels and stations established in 1989
1989 establishments in Indiana
Start TV affiliates
BXI-CD
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Chelsea%20Handler%20Show
|
The Chelsea Handler Show is an American sketch comedy series that aired on the E! television network. The series starred Chelsea Handler and featured skits that mocked the entertainment industry, spoofed celebrities, television, the elderly, and herself. The show aired Friday nights at 10:30 EST.
Synopsis
The mini-series was green lighted by E! in early 2006 and premiered on April 21, 2006. The cable channel ordered eight episodes of the half-hour project that features Handler, a Tonight Show correspondent and star of Oxygen's Girls Behaving Badly, in taped spoofs, film shorts and field remote pieces, all framed by stand-up segments of her performing before a studio audience.
Episodes
The show originally ordered eight episodes which aired from April 21 to June 9 and was given an additional four episodes starting August 11 to create a 12-episode season. The show finished its run on September 8, 2006.
Successors and spin-offs
Chelsea Handler began hosting the late-night comedy show, Chelsea Lately on July 16, 2007, also on E!.
External links
2006 American television series debuts
2006 American television series endings
2000s American sketch comedy television series
E! original programming
English-language television shows
Television series by 3 Arts Entertainment
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynne%20Koplitz
|
Lynne Koplitz is an American stand-up comedian and actress. Koplitz was host of Telepictures' nationally syndicated dating show Change of Heart, guest host on NBC's Later, co-host of the Food Network's How to Boil Water, and co-host of Sony Pictures syndicated talk show Life and Style. Her stand-up has appeared on a number of Comedy Central specials, including Premium Blend and Comedy Central Presents. She performed at the Just for Laughs comedy festival in Montreal.
Life and career
Koplitz was born on Long Island, New York, and grew up in Sarasota Florida. Koplitz earned a BA in theatre arts from Troy State University where she was a member of the Iota Kappa Chapter of Chi Omega in 1989. She performed for a regional theater group in Knoxville, Tennessee, before moving to New York City.
Koplitz is one of the comedian contributors to the History of the Joke on the History Channel, hosted by Lewis Black. Koplitz was featured in a series of advertisements for her alma mater, Troy University. She co-starred on Sony’s syndicated talk show, Life & Style with Jules Asner and Kimora Lee Simmons, as well as the NBC shows, Extra, The Other Half, and Shop & Style. Lynne also had a half-hour special, Comedy Central Presents: Lynne Koplitz on Comedy Central. She was featured in a commercial for Midol. Koplitz also played Dina, the manager of the band ZO2, on IFC's Z Rock. In 2009, she co-hosted the inaugural broadcast of the StarTalk podcast, along with well-known astrophysicist Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson.
On September 20, 2010, Koplitz played Sister Rita in a staged reading of the Charles Messina play A Room of My Own at The Theatre at 45 Bleecker Street in Greenwich Village.
Koplitz appeared on the We TV series, Joan Knows Best.
In 2017, she released her first Netflix special, titled Hormonal Beast, to positive reviews. She dedicated her special to Joan Rivers.
References
External links
Koplitz bio
American stand-up comedians
Living people
American game show hosts
Food Network
American television talk show hosts
People from Long Island
Troy University alumni
American women comedians
20th-century American comedians
21st-century American comedians
1969 births
20th-century American women
21st-century American women
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20O%20Show
|
The O Show, also known as steve.oedekerk.com, is a 1997 surreal comedy variety TV special put together for NBC by O Entertainment founder Steve Oedekerk. This was the first prime time network special to feature and extensive use of graphical sets and computer animation.
The show features segments such as 'Glass Booth Guy', in which passersby are harassed by a man in an unbreakable glass booth at a gas station; 'Plane Stalker', in which a man finds himself being followed by a full-size airliner (in similar fashion as Monty Python's "The Killer Cars"), 'Fat Back Jack', in which a morbidly obese man sings of his need for a woman to 'help him find his shoes', and 'Oedebattle', a Mortal Kombat style video game where an arrogant warrior mercilessly defeats hopelessly outmatched opponents. The O Show also featured appearances by Tom Wilson.
The show made heavy use of computer animation combined with live action footage, a relatively novel concept in the world of television at that time.
This film is known to be Robert Hutchinson's (the actor who played Billy) only film so far.
Cast
This is the following cast:
Steve Oedekerk as Himself
Fred Willard as Contestant
Stephen Root
Kristan Alfonso as Lisa
Robin Riker as Mom
Jim Jackman as The Cop
John Mendoza
Jason Duplissea
Robert Hutchinson as Billy
Heather Morgan as Female Customer
Ned Gill as Cliff Vet
Plot
In the beginning of the movie we see Billy (Robert Huthinson) in his room playing on his computer as his mom (Robin Riker) walks in to bring some CDs from his dad's warehouse. He reads one the CDs that says "Oedekerk" and puts it in his DVD drive. The computer begins to go completely out of control as Billy and his room is sucked into the World Wide Web. Steve Oedekerk as himself introduces himself as well as introduces and tells us about the World Wide Web and where to go for help.
The show begins to feature many of its segments known as 'Glass Booth Guy', in which passersby are harassed by a man in an unbreakable glass booth at a gas station; 'Plane Stalker', in which a man finds himself being followed by a full-size airliner, 'Fat Back Jack', in which a morbidly obese man sings of his need for a woman to 'help him find his shoes', and 'Oedebattle', a Mortal Kombat style video game where an arrogant warrior mercilessly defeats hopelessly outmatched opponents as well as the "Talking Skeleton" and much more.
In the end, we see Billy back in his room with most of the characters from the segments going crazy and dancing. His mother comes into his room in sudden shock and tells him to go to bed. A face sticks out of the door and the commotion goes on again.
During the end credits we see outtakes and reels by different comedians and the talking skeleton from the segments of the show screaming "Who am I?" twice while Steve Oedekerk is playing his guitar.
Home media
O Entertainment released an extremely rare VHS copy in 1997. However, it has not been seen for sell, it is only for availa
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applied%20Micro%20Circuits%20Corporation
|
Applied Micro Circuits Corporation (also known as AppliedMicro, AMCC or APM) was a fabless semiconductor company designing network and embedded Power ISA (including a Power ISA license), and server processor ARM (including an ARMv8-A license), optical transport and storage products.
History
In 2004, AMCC bought assets, IP and engineers concerning the PowerPC 400 microprocessors from IBM for $227 million and they now market the processors under their own name. The deal also included access to IBM's SoC design methodology and advanced CMOS process technology.
In 2009, AppliedMicro changed their branding from AMCC to AppliedMicro, but still retain the name "Applied Micro Circuits Corporation" officially.
In 2011, AppliedMicro became the first company to implement the ARMv8-A architecture with its X-Gene Platform. In November 2012 at ARM TechCon, AppliedMicro demonstrated advanced web search capabilities and the ability to handle big data workloads in an Apache Hadoop software environment with the X-Gene Platform using FPGA emulation. A silicon implementation of X-Gene was first exhibited publicly in June 2013.
In April 2016, information about the forthcoming X-Gene 3 server chips was made available. The release schedule was for the second half of 2017. The company projected an improved performance, over the X-Gene 2, that with allow it to better compete with servers using the x86-64 architecture.
In November 2016, MACOM Technology Solutions announced that they would purchase AppliedMicro. The acquisition was completed on January 26, 2017. MACOM then sold the processor division to the private equity firm The Carlyle Group during October 2017.
Memberships
AppliedMicro has a sponsor level membership of Power.org and is one of the original members.
AppliedMicro is also executive member (Chairman position) of the Ethernet Alliance.
AppliedMicro is also a member of the Open Compute Project.
Business groups
Processor products
The Processor Products group designed and marketed embedded microcontrollers as well as server processor, packet and storage processors. It included the network processors of former MMC Networks (acquired October 2000) with IBM PowerPC 4xx series microcontrollers (acquired April 2004).
Since purchasing the IBM PowerPC 400 family (under the 405 and 440 series product names), AppliedMicro developed the 460 series with 440 CPU, and a multicore Power architecture devices.
In January 2008, the AppliedMicro PowerPC 405EX was awarded Product of the Year 2007, by Electronic Product magazine.
In October 2011, AppliedMicro announced its X-Gene Platform, an ARM 64-bit solution aimed at cloud and enterprise servers.
Connectivity products group
The Connectivity Products group of AppliedMicro designs, manufacturers and markets physical layer devices, framers/mappers and switch fabric devices.
Acquisitions
Throughout the years, AppliedMicro has acquired smaller companies to enter new markets.
Class-action lawsuit
In 2005, the company
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star%20Chinese%20Channel
|
Star Chinese Channel () is a Taiwanese general entertainment television channel operated by The Walt Disney Company (Taiwan) Ltd. Its programming features drama, variety, lifestyle, and talk shows in Mandarin. Launched on 21 October 1991 at 16:30 Hong Kong Time by its predecessor Star TV, the channel originally targeted audiences in Greater China broadcasting in both Mandarin and Cantonese, before it reduced broadcasting area to just Taiwan and began broadcasting only in Mandarin on 30 March 1996.
History
One of the first five original channels of Star TV, Star Chinese Channel was launched on 21 October 1991 at 16:30 Hong Kong Time as STAR TV Chinese Channel, the channel originally targeted audiences in Greater China, broadcasting in both Mandarin and Cantonese. Star Chinese Channel was launched as a 24-hour Mandarin Chinese variety entertainment channel that the channel showcased full Chinese language content provided by ATV in Hong Kong broadcasting from Mainland China; also showed television series from other Greater China countries including China, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan and Singapore. It was also the first commercial broadcasting-owned channel to broadcast in Taiwan. It was a free-to-air channel, but at some point, Star TV encrypted the channel. The channel was previously broadcast across Greater China, but on 30 March 1996 at 19:00 Hong Kong Time, Star TV split STAR TV Chinese Channel by certain areas and reduced its broadcasting area to just Taiwan (Viewers in Greater China apart from Taiwan were offered Phoenix Chinese Channel instead).
At one point, the channel's business was moved from British Hong Kong to Taipei in 1997.
Shiau Hong-chi says that the original business for Star TV was to broadcast popular American shows to Taiwanese audience with as less effort as possible. Shiau then argues that however the plan was unsuccessful and Star TV had to invest on localized branches such as Chinese Channel and Channel V Taiwan and make local shows.
On Saturday, 30 September 2023 at 11:59:59pm Hong Kong Time, Star Chinese Channel officially ceased transmission and broadcasting after officially formal ceasing ceremony took place in held at Southeast Asia, Hong Kong and Macau was officially moved to Disney+ and Disney+ Hotstar.
On Sunday, 31 December 2023 at 11:59:59pm Taiwan Time, Star Chinese Channel officially ceased transmission and broadcasting after officially formal ceasing ceremony took place in held at Taiwan was officially moved to Disney+ and Disney+ Hotstar.
Feeds
References
External links
(Taiwan)
Television stations in Taiwan
Defunct television channels
Television channels and stations established in 1991
Television channels and stations disestablished in 2023
1991 establishments in Taiwan
Fox Networks Group
Disney television networks
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star%20Chinese%20Movies
|
Star Chinese Movies () is a Chinese language pay television channel owned by Disney Networks Group Pacific Ltd. It features Chinese films.
The channel mainly broadcasts Chinese-language films (including Chinese films, Cantonese films, Taiwanese films, Singaporean films, and Malaysian films), as well as bilingual Japanese films, Japanese animations (strip TV series and theatrical versions), Korean films, Thai films, etc., and will digitally restore some Hong Kong action films. It was known as the most widely distributed Chinese-language entertainment channel.
On April 29, 2017, Star Chinese Movies provided bilingual services, and most of the movies were broadcast in Mandarin and original sound at the same time.
In addition, they also obtained the pay TV broadcasting rights of the Hong Kong Film Awards and the Golden Horse Awards for the Hong Kong, Macau and Southeast Asia (except Singapore and Malaysia, in which sold to their local broadcaster).
History
It was launched on 1 May 1994 as Star Mandarin Movies as a replacement of BBC World Service Television. At that time, it screened both Hollywood and Chinese-language films and was focused to a pan-Asian audience split into two television channels: Star Movies International (now Fox Movies) and Star Mandarin Movies (now Star Chinese Movies).
On 25 January 2008, a sister channel named Star Chinese Movies 2 was launched, the HD and VOD channels launched a few years later.
On 19 May 2012, The channel logo was changed from a star, to a stylized crown.
On Saturday, 30 September 2023 at 11:59:59pm Hong Kong Time, Star Chinese Movies officially ceased its transmission and broadcasting after officially formal ceasing ceremony that took place in held at Southeast Asia, Hong Kong and Macau after its final and last movie Social Distancing, and after showing its final and last movie, shows a message in Chinese above (本頻道將不再提供服務感謝您長期支持與收看) and the English text below (This channel is no longer available, thank you for watching.) and was officially moved to Disney+ and Disney+ Hotstar.
The channel will cease its operations in Taiwan on Sunday, 31 December 2023.
Feeds
Star Chinese Movies Legend
Star Chinese Movies Legend () (also known as SCM Legend) was a sister movie channel of Star Chinese Movies based in Singapore. First launched on 25 January 2008 as Star Chinese Movies 2 (), later rebranded on 1 October 2012 as Star Chinese Movies Legend. The channel was broadcast British Hong Kong oldies historical heritage and colonial movies from 1 January 1970 to 31 December 1992 durated 23 years was officially main production company took place by STAR TV Filmed Entertainment.
On 1 October 2021 at 00:59:59 Hong Kong Time, Star Chinese Movies Legend or SCM Legend along with all of Fox and Disney channels officially ceased transmission and broadcasting after very three final and last movie and programme aired is My Date with a Vampire, My Date with a Vampire II and My Date with a Vampire III was telecast on A
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PNN
|
PNN may refer to:
National Natural Parks System (Colombia) ( PNN)
Parliamentary and News Network, Australia
Princeton Municipal Airport (Maine), USA (by IATA code)
Probabilistic neural network, in machine learning
Pinin, a protein encoded by the PNN gene
Hagahai language (ISO 639 code: pnn)
VOA-PNN, Voice of America Persian News Network
Perineuronal net, in the brain
Potsdamer Neueste Nachrichten, newspaper in Potsdam, Germany
See also
Pinin (disambiguation)
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open%E2%80%93closed%20principle
|
In object-oriented programming, the open–closed principle (OCP) states "software entities (classes, modules, functions, etc.) should be open for extension, but closed for modification";
that is, such an entity can allow its behaviour to be extended without modifying its source code.
The name open–closed principle has been used in two ways. Both ways use generalizations (for instance, inheritance or delegate functions) to resolve the apparent dilemma, but the goals, techniques, and results are different.
Open–closed principle is one of the five SOLID principles of object-oriented design.
Meyer's open–closed principle
Bertrand Meyer is generally credited for having originated the term open–closed principle, which appeared in his 1988 book Object Oriented Software Construction.
A module will be said to be open if it is still available for extension. For example, it should be possible to add fields to the data structures it contains, or new elements to the set of functions it performs.
A module will be said to be closed if [it] is available for use by other modules. This assumes that the module has been given a well-defined, stable description (the interface in the sense of information hiding).
At the time Meyer was writing, adding fields or functions to a library inevitably required changes to any programs depending on that library. Meyer's proposed solution to this dilemma relied on the notion of object-oriented inheritance (specifically implementation inheritance):
A class is closed, since it may be compiled, stored in a library, baselined, and used by client classes. But it is also open, since any new class may use it as parent, adding new features. When a descendant class is defined, there is no need to change the original or to disturb its clients.
Polymorphic open–closed principle
During the 1990s, the open–closed principle became popularly redefined to refer to the use of abstracted interfaces, where the implementations can be changed and multiple implementations could be created and polymorphically substituted for each other.
In contrast to Meyer's usage, this definition advocates inheritance from abstract base classes. Interface specifications can be reused through inheritance but implementation need not be. The existing interface is closed to modifications and new implementations must, at a minimum, implement that interface.
Robert C. Martin's 1996 article "The Open-Closed Principle" was one of the seminal writings to take this approach. In 2001 Craig Larman related the open–closed principle to the pattern by Alistair Cockburn called Protected Variations, and to the David Parnas discussion of information hiding.
See also
SOLID – the "O" in "SOLID" represents the open–closed principle
Robustness principle
References
External links
The Principles of OOD
The Open/Closed Principle: Concerns about Change in Software Design
The Open-Closed Principle -- and What Hides Behind It
Object-oriented programming
Type theory
Software
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haxe
|
Haxe is a high-level cross-platform programming language and compiler that can produce applications and source code for many different computing platforms from one code-base. It is free and open-source software, released under the MIT License. The compiler, written in OCaml, is released under the GNU General Public License (GPL) version 2.
Haxe includes a set of features and a standard library supported across all platforms, like numeric data types, strings, arrays, maps, binary, reflection, maths, Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), file system and common file formats. Haxe also includes platform-specific API's for each compiler target. Kha, OpenFL and Heaps.io are popular Haxe frameworks that enable creating multi-platform content from one codebase.
Haxe originated with the idea of supporting client-side and server-side programming in one language, and simplifying the communication logic between them. Code written in the Haxe language can be compiled into JavaScript, C++, Java, JVM, PHP, C#, Python, Lua and Node.js. Haxe can also directly compile SWF, HashLink, and NekoVM bytecode and also runs in interpreted mode.
Haxe supports externs (definition files) that can contain type information of existing libraries to describe target-specific interaction in a type-safe manner, like C++ header files can describe the structure of existing object files. This enables to use the values defined in the files as if they were statically typed Haxe entities. Beside externs, other solutions exist to access each platform's native capabilities.
Many popular IDEs and source code editors have support available for Haxe development. No particular development environment or tool set is officially recommended by the Haxe Foundation, although VS Code, IntelliJ IDEA and HaxeDevelop have the most support for Haxe development. The core functionalities of syntax highlighting, code completion, refactoring, debugging, etc. are available to various degrees.
History
Development of Haxe began in October 2005. The first alpha version was released on November 14, 2005. Haxe 1.0 was released in April 2006, with support for Adobe Flash, JavaScript, and NekoVM programs. Support for PHP was added in 2008, and C++ was added in 2009. More platforms such as C# and Java were added with a compiler overhaul in 2012.
Haxe was developed by Nicolas Cannasse and other contributors, and was originally named haXe because it was short, simple, and "has an X inside", which the author asserts humorously is needed to make any new technology a success.
Haxe is the successor to the open-source ActionScript 2 compiler MTASC, also built by Nicolas Cannasse and is released under the GNU General Public License version 2 or later.
Compiler
The Haxe language can compile into bytecode that can be executed directly by the virtual machines it targets. It can compile to source code in C++, JavaScript, PHP, C#, Java, Python, and Lua. Haxe also has an interpreter called eval. This same interpreter is als
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20%28S-train%29
|
A is a service on the S-train network in Copenhagen. It is one of the base services on the network, running every 20 minutes from about 5:00 to 0:30 every day, and every 10 minutes from about 6:15 to 19:00. It runs between Hundige and Hillerød, serving all stations on the inner part of the Køge radial. During daytime on weekdays, every second train continues from Hundige station to Solrød Strand station. On Friday and Saturday nights there is also a 30 minutes service throughout the night.
History
Since the first part of the Køge radial opened in 1972, letter A has been used for the principal service on its inner part. Before that time the most constant characteristic of service A was that it ran on the Klampenborg radial in the northern end of the system.
Ax, K, A+
Until 2007, separate service designations were used for trains that reinforced the basic service on the Køge radial in high-traffic periods. This was in part because they had their own stopping patterns, and in part due to the then-current doctrine that a service letter such as A must not be used for more than exactly 3 trains an hour. The first supplementary service was the rush-hour Ax which started running when the first phase of the Køge radial opened in 1972. It was upgraded to the daytime K service in 1992 and quickly renamed to A+ in 1993.
References
S-train (Copenhagen)
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simulia%20%28company%29
|
Dassault Systèmes Simulia Corp. is a computer-aided engineering (CAE) vendor. Formerly known as Abaqus Inc. and previously Hibbitt, Karlsson & Sorensen, Inc., (HKS), the company was founded in 1978 by David Hibbitt, Bengt Karlsson and Paul Sorensen, and has its headquarters in Providence, Rhode Island.
In October 2005, Dassault Systèmes acquired Abaqus, Inc. and announced Simulia, the brand encompassing all DS simulation solutions, including Abaqus and Catia Analysis applications. Dassault Systèmes Simulia Corp. is the legal entity that encompasses the Simulia brand of Dassault Systèmes.
Abaqus product suite
The Abaqus suite consists of three core products: Abaqus/Standard, Abaqus/Explicit and Abaqus/CAE (Complete Abaqus Environment). In addition to this, recent versions of Abaqus (6.10 onwards) also contain Abaqus/CFD for computational fluid dynamic simulations. Each of these packages offers additional, optional modules that address specialized capabilities required by some customers.
Abaqus/Standard provides Abaqus analysis technology to solve traditional implicit finite element analysis, including static, dynamic, and thermal analyses, all powered with the widest range of contact and nonlinear material options. Abaqus/Standard also has optional add-on and interface products that address design sensitivity analysis, offshore engineering, and integration with third-party software, e.g. plastic injection molding analysis.
Abaqus/Explicit provides analysis technology focused on transient dynamics and quasi-static analyses using an explicit time integration, which is appropriate in many applications, such as drop tests, crushing, and manufacturing processes.
Abaqus/CAE provides a complete modeling and visualization environment for Abaqus analysis products. With direct access to CAD models, advanced meshing and visualization, and with an exclusive view towards Abaqus analysis products, Abaqus/CAE is the modeling environment of choice for many Abaqus users.
Abaqus/CFD provides advanced computational fluid dynamics capabilities with extensive support for pre- and postprocessing provided in Abaqus/CAE. These scalable parallel CFD simulation capabilities address a broad range of nonlinear coupled fluid-thermal and fluid-structural problems.
Simulia
In addition to the development of the pre-existing Abaqus portfolio, DS has also developed Simulia V5 and V6 product suites which seeks to combine the modelling and simulations aspect into one tool.
CST Studio Suite
CST Studio Suite is a computational electromagnetics tool developed by Dassault Systèmes Simulia. It contains several different simulation methods, including the finite integration technique (FIT), finite element method (FEM), transmission line matrix (TLM), multilevel fast multipole method (MLFMM) and particle-in-cell (PIC), as well as multiphysics solvers for other domains of physics with links to electromagnetics.
The predecessor to CST Studio Suite, ("solving Maxwell's equations w
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Kasey
|
Paul Kasey (born 5 August 1973) is an English actor who frequently plays monsters on Doctor Who, The Sarah Jane Adventures and Torchwood.
Kasey was born in Chatham, Kent. He has played the Cybercontroller, the Cyber Leader, Cybermen, a clockwork android, the Hoix, an Auton, a Slitheen, an Ood, the Anne-Droid and a member of the Forest of Cheem in Doctor Who, and Janet the Weevil, Alien Blowfish and a Hoix in Torchwood.
He has also made many appearances in The Sarah Jane Adventures as aliens, and frequent appearances as himself on Totally Doctor Who, usually in costume.
Kasey has also appeared as a zombie in 28 Days Later and has appeared in the Star Wars film series as Ello Asty in The Force Awakens, Admiral Raddus and Edrio Two Tubes in Rogue One, and C'ai Threnalli in The Last Jedi.
Filmography
Doctor Who
Torchwood
The Sarah Jane Adventures
Other
References
External links
1973 births
Living people
Male actors from Kent
People from Chatham, Kent
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%20%28S-train%29
|
B is a service on the S-train network in Copenhagen. It runs between Farum and Høje Taastrup and provides stopping services on the S-train system's Farum radia and Tåstrup radial.
B is one of the base services on the network, running every 20 minutes from about 5:00 to 1:00 every day, and every 10 minutes between about 6:00 to 19:00 on weekdays. On Friday and Saturday nights there is also a 30 minutes service throughout the night.
History
Since the first part of the Taastrup radial opened in 1953, letter B has been used for its principal service. Before that the characteristic of service B was that it was the stopping trains to Holte.
Bb, L, B+
From 1972 to 1979, the service on the Taastrup branch was supplemented on weekdays by service E (q.v.). In 1979 a separate daytime reinforcement service Bb was created; it ran every 20 minutes with a 10-minute offset to service B such that the Tåstrup radial effectively had a 10-minute frequency. Under the timetable doctrine followed in those years, a service letter such as B could not be used for more than exactly 3 trains an hour, so a separate service designation was needed for these daytime supplements. They later changed their name to L and then to B+, and were finally folded into B with the 2007 timetable.
Bx
Rush-hour supplements for B ran from 1955:
References
S-train (Copenhagen)
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%20%28S-train%29
|
C is a service on the S-train network in Copenhagen. It serves the Klampenborg radial and the inner part of the Frederikssund radial, and also reinforces service on the outer part of the Frederikssund radial in high-traffic period.
Service C is one of the base services on the network, running between Ballerup and Klampenborg every 20 minutes from about 5:00 to 1:00 every day. Between about 6:00 to 19:00 on Monday to Saturday it runs every 10 minutes, and in this period half of the trains continue from Ballerup to Frederikssund. On Friday and Saturday nights there is also a 30 minutes service throughout the night.
History
The C service was created in 1950 when the service between Ballerup and Holte (see service B) was split into two in order to make the timetable correspond better in Vanløse. Ever since then C has been primarily a Ballerup service.
Note that from 1979 to 1989 both Cc and C services ran.
Until 1979, in the time C ran to Ballerup but not to Holte it ordinarily terminated in Hellerup. These trains were routinely extended to Klampenborg on Sundays where the weather was good enough to attract more passengers than the ordinary service could transport.
Between 1972 and 1979 the stopping Ballerup service was called H.
The rush-hour service Cx ran from 1966 to 1993:
S-train (Copenhagen)
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consensus%20%28computer%20science%29
|
A fundamental problem in distributed computing and multi-agent systems is to achieve overall system reliability in the presence of a number of faulty processes. This often requires coordinating processes to reach consensus, or agree on some data value that is needed during computation. Example applications of consensus include agreeing on what transactions to commit to a database in which order, state machine replication, and atomic broadcasts. Real-world applications often requiring consensus include cloud computing, clock synchronization, PageRank, opinion formation, smart power grids, state estimation, control of UAVs (and multiple robots/agents in general), load balancing, blockchain, and others.
Problem description
The consensus problem requires agreement among a number of processes (or agents) for a single data value. Some of the processes (agents) may fail or be unreliable in other ways, so consensus protocols must be fault tolerant or resilient. The processes must somehow put forth their candidate values, communicate with one another, and agree on a single consensus value.
The consensus problem is a fundamental problem in control of multi-agent systems. One approach to generating consensus is for all processes (agents) to agree on a majority value. In this context, a majority requires at least one more than half of available votes (where each process is given a vote). However, one or more faulty processes may skew the resultant outcome such that consensus may not be reached or reached incorrectly.
Protocols that solve consensus problems are designed to deal with limited numbers of faulty processes. These protocols must satisfy a number of requirements to be useful. For instance, a trivial protocol could have all processes output binary value 1. This is not useful and thus the requirement is modified such that the output must somehow depend on the input. That is, the output value of a consensus protocol must be the input value of some process. Another requirement is that a process may decide upon an output value only once and this decision is irrevocable. A process is called correct in an execution if it does not experience a failure. A consensus protocol tolerating halting failures must satisfy the following properties.
Termination Eventually, every correct process decides some value.
Integrity If all the correct processes proposed the same value , then any correct process must decide .
Agreement Every correct process must agree on the same value.
Variations on the definition of integrity may be appropriate, according to the application. For example, a weaker type of integrity would be for the decision value to equal a value that some correct process proposed – not necessarily all of them. There is also a condition known as validity in the literature which refers to the property that a message sent by a process must be delivered.
A protocol that can correctly guarantee consensus amongst n processes of which at most t fail is said to
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State%20machine%20replication
|
In computer science, state machine replication (SMR) or state machine approach is a general method for implementing a fault-tolerant service by replicating servers and coordinating client interactions with server replicas. The approach also provides a framework for understanding and designing replication management protocols.
Problem definition
Distributed service
In terms of clients and services. Each service comprises one or more servers and exports operations that clients invoke by making requests. Although using a single, centralized server is the simplest way to implement a service, the resulting service can only be as fault tolerant as the processor executing that server. If this level of fault tolerance is unacceptable, then multiple servers that fail independently can be used. Usually, replicas of a single server are executed on separate processors of a distributed system, and protocols are used to coordinate client interactions with these replicas.
State machine
For the subsequent discussion a State Machine will be defined as the following tuple of values (See also Mealy machine and Moore Machine):
A set of States
A set of Inputs
A set of Outputs
A transition function (Input × State → State)
An output function (Input × State → Output)
A distinguished State called Start.
A State Machine begins at the State labeled Start. Each Input received is passed through the transition and output function to produce a new State and an Output. The State is held stable until a new Input is received, while the Output is communicated to the appropriate receiver.
This discussion requires a State Machine to be deterministic: multiple copies of the same State Machine begin in the Start state, and receiving the same Inputs in the same order will arrive at the same State having generated the same Outputs.
Typically, systems based on State Machine Replication voluntarily restrict their implementations to use finite-state machines to simplify error recovery.
Fault Tolerance
Determinism is an ideal characteristic for providing fault-tolerance. Intuitively, if multiple copies of a system exist, a fault in one would be noticeable as a difference in the State or Output from the others.
A little deduction shows the minimum number of copies needed for fault-tolerance is three; one which has a fault, and two others to whom we compare State and Output. Two copies are not enough as there is no way to tell which copy is the faulty one.
Further deduction shows a three-copy system can support at most one failure (after which it must repair or replace the faulty copy). If more than one of the copies were to fail, all three States and Outputs might differ, and there would be no way to choose which is the correct one.
In general, a system which supports F failures must have 2F+1 copies (also called replicas). The extra copies are used as evidence to decide which of the copies are correct and which are faulty. Special cases can improve these bounds.
All of t
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%20%28S-train%29
|
E is a service on the S-train network in Copenhagen. It runs between Køge and Holte, serving the outer end of the Køge radial and the inner part of the Hillerød radial. The A service serves the complementary parts of each radial, and both lines serves all stations on the central part between Ny Ellebjerg and Hellerup.
Trains run on weekdays only, every 20 minutes from about 5:00 to 6:00 and every 10 minutes about 6:00 to 20:00.
History
Service E is the continuation of the "fast" steam trains that ran between Copenhagen and Hillerød since the late 19th century. They acquired a service letter when they were replaced by S-trains in 1986. Later the main characteristic of service E came to be serving the outer end of the Køge radial.
An Ex service first ran from 1968, but was fused with service Cx in 1972. A new Ex line started in 1983 servicing the Køge radial.
References
S-train (Copenhagen)
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%20date%20and%20time%20functions
|
The C date and time functions are a group of functions in the standard library of the C programming language implementing date and time manipulation operations. They provide support for time acquisition, conversion between date formats, and formatted output to strings.
Overview of functions
The C date and time operations are defined in the time.h header file (ctime header in C++).
The and related types were originally proposed by Markus Kuhn to provide a variety of time bases, but only was accepted. The functionalities were, however, added to C++ in 2020 in std::chrono.
Example
The following C source code prints the current time to the standard output stream.
#include <time.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
time_t current_time;
char* c_time_string;
/* Obtain current time. */
current_time = time(NULL);
if (current_time == ((time_t)-1))
{
(void) fprintf(stderr, "Failure to obtain the current time.\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
/* Convert to local time format. */
c_time_string = ctime(¤t_time);
if (c_time_string == NULL)
{
(void) fprintf(stderr, "Failure to convert the current time.\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
/* Print to stdout. ctime() has already added a terminating newline character. */
(void) printf("Current time is %s", c_time_string);
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
The output is:
Current time is Thu Sep 15 21:18:23 2016
See also
Unix time
Year 2038 problem
References
External links
C standard library
Time
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pragmatic%20General%20Multicast
|
Pragmatic General Multicast (PGM) is a reliable multicast computer network transport protocol. PGM provides a reliable sequence of packets to multiple recipients simultaneously, making it suitable for applications like multi-receiver file-transfer.
Multicast is a network addressing method for the delivery of information to a group of destinations simultaneously using the most efficient strategy to deliver the messages over each link of the network only once, creating copies only when the links to the multiple destinations split (typically network switches and routers). However, like the User Datagram Protocol, multicast does not guarantee the delivery of a message stream. Messages may be dropped, delivered multiple times, or delivered out of order. A reliable multicast protocol, like PGM, adds the ability for receivers to detect lost and/or out-of-order messages and take corrective action (similar in principle to TCP), resulting in a gap-free, in-order message stream.
While TCP uses ACKs to acknowledge groups of packets sent (something that would be uneconomical over multicast), PGM uses the concept of negative acknowledgements (NAKs). A NAK is sent unicast back to the host via a defined network-layer hop-by-hop procedure whenever there is a detection of data loss of a specific sequence. As PGM is heavily reliant on NAKs for integrity, when a NAK is sent, a NAK confirmation (NCF) is sent via multicast for every hop back. Repair data (RDATA) is then sent back either from the source or from a Designated Local Repairer (DLR) at some point closer to the destination.
PGM is an IETF experimental protocol. It is not yet a standard, but has been implemented in some networking devices and operating systems, including Windows XP and later versions of Microsoft Windows, as well as in third-party libraries for Linux, Windows and Solaris.
External links
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3208
https://github.com/steve-o/openpgm/
https://web.archive.org/web/20110111200232/http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios/12_0t/12_0t5/feature/guide/pgmscale.html
Communications protocols
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disney%20Channel%20Games
|
Disney Channel Games are a Battle of the Network Stars-based annual television series that aired on the Disney Channel during the summer from 2006 to 2008. Phill Lewis was the co-host of the first two editions in 2006 and 2007, and Brian Stepanek hosted all three editions. The show had various stars from Disney Channel and its international iterations competing for charity as team-based contestants. The Games were filmed at Disney's Wide World of Sports in Orlando.
Disney Channel Games were not aired after 2008, but a similar series called Disney's Friends for Change Games aired in 2011.
Series overview
The Disney Channel Games began as a series of shorts that aired during summer 2006. A second edition followed in summer 2007, with the final edition of the series airing in summer 2008.
A Disney spokesperson confirmed in February 2009 that the Disney Channel Games would not be held that year due to actor availability and Disney's "focusing on the launch of a new pro-social initiative with Disney Channel and Disney XD stars". The result was Disney's Friends for Change initiative. The series also did not air in 2010.
Disney's Friends for Change Games
Disney's Friends for Change Games aired on the Disney Channel as part of Disney's Friends for Change initiative. It replaced the Disney Channel Games. The series was hosted by Jason Earles and Tiffany Thornton, and again featured various Disney Channel stars as team-based contestants competing for their chosen charity. Disney's Friends for Change Games premiered on June 24, 2011, and aired five episodes through July 31, 2011, plus a recap special.
The first event was viewed by between 3.4 million and 4.9 million viewers. The finale special was viewed by 3.6 million viewers, with Kids 6–11 (1.9 million/7.7 rating) and Tweens 9–14 (1.6 million/6.4 rating) making up a sizable portion of the total. The entire series was viewed by over 37 million unique viewers.
References
External links
2000s American children's game shows
2006 American television series debuts
2008 American television series endings
2010s American children's game shows
2011 American television series debuts
2011 American television series endings
American annual television specials
Disney Channel
English-language television shows
Television shows set in Orlando, Florida
Television shows filmed in Florida
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network%20compartment
|
Network Compartmentalization, the division of network functionality into network compartments, is an important concept of Autonomic Networking.
Definition of Network Compartments
Network Compartments implement the operational rules and administrative policies for a given communication context. The boundaries of a communication context, and hence the compartment boundaries, are based on technological and/or administrative boundaries. For example, compartment boundaries can be defined by a certain type of network technology (e.g., a specific wireless access network) or based on a particular communication protocol and/or addressing space (e.g., an IPv4 or and IPv6 network), but also based on a policy domain (e.g., a national health network that requires a highly secure boundary).
A compartment's communication principles, protocols and policies form a sort of “recipe” that all compartment entities must obey. For example, the recipe defines how to join a compartment, who can join, and how the naming, addressing and routing is handled. The complexity and details of the internal operation is left to each compartment. For example, registration with a compartment can range from complex trust-based mechanisms to simple registration schemes with a central database or a public DHT-based system; resolution of a communication peer can be handled implicitly by the compartment's naming and addressing scheme or require explicit actions (e.g., resolution of an identifier to a locator). It is important to note here that compartments have full autonomy on how to handle the compartment's internal communication – i.e. there are no global invariants that have to be implemented by all compartments or all communication elements.
Members of a compartment are able and willing to communicate among each other according to compartment's operational and policy rules. Conceptually a compartment maintains some form of implicit database which contains its members; that is, each entry in the database defines a member. Before one can send a data packet to a compartment member, a resolution step is required which returns a means to “address” the member. Note that the above definition does not specify whether a member is a node, a set of servers or a software module. This rather abstract definition of compartment membership permits to capture many different flavours of members and communication forms.
It is anticipated that many compartments co-exist and that compartments are able to interwork on various levels (e.g. through "layering" or "peering" of compartments).
External links
ANA Blueprint - V1.0 by C. Jelger, S. Schmid (Ed.) et al.
Tussle Space Paper by D. Clark
www.cbrt.in
Computer network analysis
Applications of artificial intelligence
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess%20Engines%20Grand%20Tournament
|
Chess Engines Grand Tournament, also known as CEGT, is an organization that tests computer chess software by playing chess engines against one another and publishing a ratings table.
CEGT routinely tests chess engines in various time controls such as 40/4 (40 moves in 4 minutes, repeating), 40/20 (40 moves in 20 minutes, repeating), and 40/120 (40 moves in 120 minutes, repeating). The 40/120 matches are one of the best computer-chess games freely available online. Instead of starting with a fresh board, CEGT make the engines start from a common chess opening position.
In 2017 the team consisted of seven testers. Starting 2005 the team has run more than 1 million games for 40/20, and more than 2 million games for 40/4 (Blitz). Games include SMP testing.
See also
Chess engine
Computer chess
Internet chess server
Swedish Chess Computer Association (SSDF)
References
External links
the CEGT rating list
Computer chess
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phencyclidine%20%28data%20page%29
|
References
Chemical data pages
Chemical data pages cleanup
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carly%20Corinthos
|
Carly Corinthos is a fictional character from General Hospital, a soap opera on the ABC network, portrayed by Laura Wright from 2005. A collaborative effort between the writers, Carly – originally played by Sarah Joy Brown from 1996 to 2001 — was introduced under executive producer Wendy Riche. A "love to hate" character who brings excitement to storylines because of her devious ways, Carly is the illegitimate daughter of former bad girl turned heroine, Bobbie Spencer (Jacklyn Zeman).
Carly seduces her mother's husband for revenge. Throughout the 2000s, Carly, then Tamara Braun from 2001 to 2005, goes on to become one of the show's most prominent, vital and popular characters largely due to her supercouple pairing with mobster Sonny Corinthos (Maurice Benard) and her friendship with Jason Morgan (Steve Burton). Carly's revenge on Bobbie and her near lethal vendetta against A. J. Quartermaine (Sean Kanan) — the biological father of her son Michael (Chad Duell) – remains two of the most revered and controversial plots in the show's history.
While Brown's portrayal of Carly is viewed as a "duplicitous vixen," Braun's Carly is viewed as more of a romantic heroine. With Laura Wright in the role, Carly goes from being a pampered wife to being powerful business woman while embodying the qualities of her predecessors. Sarah Brown earned three Daytime Emmy Awards for her portrayal of Carly—two in the Outstanding Younger Actress in a Drama Series category and one in Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series category. Braun earned an Emmy nomination Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series in 2004. The role of Carly would bring Laura Wright her first Emmy nomination overall – in the Outstanding Lead Actress and her first win, 20 years after breaking into daytime television on ABC's Loving.
Storylines
1990s
Villainess Carly Roberts (Sarah Joy Brown) arrives in town and ingratiates herself into the life of Nurse Bobbie Jones (Jacklyn Zeman) – her biological mother—when she enrolls in the nursing program at General Hospital. Meanwhile, Carly begins an affair and friendship with mobster Jason Morgan (Steve Burton).
After being rejected by Bobbie, Carly seduces Bobbie's husband Doctor Tony Jones (Brad Maule) and she falls in love with him. Bobbie's brother Luke Spencer (Anthony Geary) uncovers Carly's true identity and warns to stop hurting her mother. Bobbie however discovers the affair on her wedding anniversary to Tony, making the two bitter enemies.
After a fight with Tony, Carly has a one-night stand with Jason's troubled brother A. J. Quartermaine (Sean Kanan) and ends up pregnant. Carly convinces Jason to claim the child as his own and she gives birth to her son in December 1997 whom Jason names Michael after his best friend, mobster Sonny Corinthos (Maurice Benard). Jason has Michael christened, Emily and Mike are the godparents and he invites Bobbie.
The Quartermaines show up and after much heated discussion Robin convinces Jason to l
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple%20description%20coding
|
Multiple description coding (MDC) in computing is a coding technique that fragments a single media stream into n substreams (n ≥ 2) referred to as descriptions. The packets of each description are routed over multiple, (partially) disjoint paths. In order to decode the media stream, any description can be used, however, the quality improves with the number of descriptions received in parallel. The idea of MDC is to provide error resilience to media streams. Since an arbitrary subset of descriptions can be used to decode the original stream, network congestion or packet loss — which are common in best-effort networks such as the Internet — will not interrupt the stream but only cause a (temporary) loss of quality. The quality of a stream can be expected to be roughly proportional to data rate sustained by the receiver.
MDC is a form of data partitioning, thus comparable to layered coding as it is used in MPEG-2 and MPEG-4. Yet, in contrast to MDC, layered coding mechanisms generate a base layer and n enhancement layers. The base layer is necessary for the media stream to be decoded, enhancement layers are applied to improve stream quality. However, the first enhancement layer depends on the base layer and each enhancement layer n + 1 depends on its subordinate layer n, thus can only be applied if n was already applied. Hence, media streams using the layered approach are interrupted whenever the base layer is missing and, as a consequence, the data of the respective enhancement layers is rendered useless. The same applies for missing enhancement layers. In general, this implies that in lossy networks the quality of a media stream is not proportional to the amount of correctly received data.
Besides increased fault tolerance, MDC allows for rate-adaptive streaming: Content providers send all descriptions of a stream without paying attention to the download limitations of clients. Receivers that cannot sustain the data rate only subscribe to a subset of these streams, thus freeing the content provider from sending additional streams at lower data rates.
The vast majority of state-of-the art codecs uses single description (SD) video coding. This approach does not partition any data at all. Despite the aforementioned advantages of MDC, SD codecs are still predominant. The reasons are probably the comparingly high complexity of codec development, the loss of some compression efficiency as well as the caused transmission overhead.
Though MDC has its practical roots in media communication, it is widely researched in the area of information theory.
A related technology is layered coding, which also produces multiple compressed streams, but with a hierarchy between these streams.
References
V. K. Goyal, "Multiple Description Coding: Compression Meets the Network," IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 74–94, Sept. 2001.
R. Puri and K. Ramchandran, “Multiple description source coding through forward error correction codes,” IEEE Proceedi
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%20%28S-train%29
|
F is the service designation for trains on the ring line of Copenhagen's S-train network. It runs from 05:00 to 01:00 from Ny Ellebjerg to Hellerup. Trains run every 5 minutes between about 7:00 and 19:00, Monday through Friday, and every 10 minutes on weekends, early mornings and late evenings/nights. On Friday and Saturday nights there is also a 30 minutes service throughout the night. In 2028 this line is planned to become a pilot project for driverless operation of the S-train system, becoming fully automated in 2029.
History
See Ringbanen for a fuller history.
Fx, M, F+
The ring line also has a history of supplementary services with other designations than F. At some times the variant service letters have been used to indicate which trains continued from Hellerup to Klampenborg. In other periods it has simply been because then-prevalent principles mandated that a single service letter such as F could not be used for more than exactly 3 trains an hour, so in parts of the day when more trains ran, extra services had to be invented.
References
S-train (Copenhagen)
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom%20Liston
|
Tom Liston is a senior analyst for the Washington, D.C.-based network security consulting firm, InGuardians, Inc.
He is the author of the first network tarpit, the open source LaBrea. He was a finalist for eWeek and PC Magazine’s "Innovations In Infrastructure" (i3) award in 2002 for LaBrea. He is one of the handlers at the SANS Institute’s Internet Storm Center, where he deals with developing security issues and authors a series of articles under the title “Follow the Bouncing Malware.”
Liston is also, with Ed Skoudis, co-author of the second edition of the network security book Counter Hack Reloaded: A Step-by-Step Guide to Computer Attacks and Effective Defenses.
Works
Books
References
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video%20Justice
|
Video Justice is a reality television primetime program (also known as a documentary) produced by John Langley airing on the television cable station truTV, and is part of network's truTV RED lineup. The program focuses on criminals who were captured on camera in the act of the crime. The crimes are often "life or death" situations that may involve one of the two parties, either law enforcement or the criminals, being killed or seriously injured. It often displays pictures of the suspect in most of its footage, and tells you the name of that suspect who of which committed that crime and describes their punishment. The primetime show runs for 30 minutes.
Cameras used in the footage in Video Justice include dashboard cameras, spy cameras, news cameras, and others taped by various people, sometimes including criminals themselves.
The Show
The basic idea of the show is that is proves that you don't need a witness of the crime after the crime, proving that the video tells all or most of the details. as well as the officer's most powerful and essential tool within the war against crime. Most of the footage shown is actual shocking police moments, while other crimes are bizarre.
Video Justice also proves that the video camera is powerful and plays a serious role in these kind of crimes and proves useful as evidence.
Show Connections
Some of the footage shown is the same footage seen in Most Shocking, explaining the same information, usually with clearer explanations. The suspects' mugshots shown are the same as the ones in Most Shocking, as well as some of the police that tell the stories.
Production
Video Justice by John Langley...creator of COPS made its debut on Court TV in the April 26th, 2006 and has returned for a second season on Court TV beginning January 19, 2007. Currently, there is no known information on future episodes and is currently on hiatus.
A Video Justice-related special known as Video Justice; Crime caught on tape which sometimes airs on Spike TV is one hour long.
In the UK, Video Justice is currently being shown on ITV4.
See also
Anatomy of Crime
COPS
John Langley
Jail
Most Shocking
References
Court TV RED player
Court TV's site
External links
2006 American television series debuts
2007 American television series endings
2000s American crime television series
2000s American reality television series
TruTV original programming
English-language television shows
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRANK
|
GRANK, or Global Rank is a ranking of the rarity of a species, and is a useful tool in determining conservation needs.
Global Ranks are derived from a consensus of various conservation data centres, natural heritage programmes, scientific experts and NatureServe.
They are based on the total number of known, extant populations worldwide, and to what degree they are threatened by destruction. Criteria also include securely protected populations, size of populations, and the ability of the species to persist.
G1 — Critically Imperiled At very high risk of extinction or collapse due to very restricted range, very few populations or occurrences, very steep declines, very severe threats, or other factors.
G2 — Imperiled At high risk of extinction or collapse due to restricted range, few populations or occurrences, steep declines, severe threats, or other factors.
G3 — Vulnerable At moderate risk of extinction or collapse due to a fairly restricted range, relatively few populations or occurrences, recent and widespread declines, threats, or other factors.
G4 — Apparently Secure At fairly low risk of extinction or collapse due to an extensive range and/or many populations or occurrences, but with possible cause for some concern as a result of local recent declines, threats, or other factors.
G5 — Secure At very low risk or extinction or collapse due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, and little to no concern from declines or threats.
GH — Possibly Extinct (species) or Possibly Collapsed (ecosystems/communities) Known from only historical occurrences but still some hope of rediscovery. Examples of evidence include (1) that a species has not been documented in approximately 20-40 years despite some searching and/or some evidence of significant habitat loss or degradation; (2) that a species or ecosystem has been searched for unsuccessfully, but not thoroughly enough to presume that it is extinct or collapsed throughout its range.
GU — Unrankable Currently unrankable due to lack of information or due to substantially conflicting information about status or trends. NOTE: Whenever possible (when the range of uncertainty is three consecutive ranks or less), a range rank (e.g., G2G3) should be used to delineate the limits (range) of uncertainty.
GX — Presumed Extinct (species) or Presumed Collapsed (ecosystems/communities) Not located despite intensive searches and virtually no likelihood of rediscovery (species) or Collapsed throughout its range, due to loss of key dominant and characteristic taxa and/or elimination of the sites and ecological processes on which the type depends (ecosystems/communities).
? Denotes inexact numeric rank (i.e. G4?).
T Denotes that the rank applies to a subspecies or variety.
External links
Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources / Ministère des richesses naturelles de l'Ontario
Natural Heritage Information Centre / Centre d'information des heritages naturelles
NatureServe
N
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NRANK
|
NRANK, or National Rank, is a ranking of the rarity of a species within a nation. Each nation can assign their own NRANK based on information from conservation data centres, natural heritage programmes, and expert scientists.
Taxonomy (biology)
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metrol
|
Metrol is the central control centre of the Melbourne suburban rail network. It controls signalling, passenger information, and emergency procedures. It is located at 595 Collins Street, in the Melbourne central business district.
Operations
Metrol has two key functions—train control and signalling. Operations are split, with train control covering the whole suburban area, while control of points and signalling is only over a limited area in the centre of Melbourne. Outside this area, signal-boxes direct trains under the direction of the train controllers at Metrol.
Before Metrol, the points and signals in the Melbourne suburban area were controlled by a series of individual signal-boxes, under the direction of a train controller who coordinated train movements. The original function was to be the main train control facility for the Melbourne suburban railways, as well as to be the signal box for the City Loop, and to control the ventilation and other systems for the tunnels. It was later expanded in function to control points and signals for other stations in the inner Melbourne area.
The current area of point and signal control extends to Clifton Hill, Jolimont, East Richmond, Flinders Street, Southern Cross, North Melbourne Junction, and South Kensington. The outer section of the Hurstbridge line will also be controlled from Metrol after the completion of resignalling works, with work beginning in 2006. Metrol is also where information about cancellations or delayed trains is entered into Metro Trains' SMS disruption alert system.
History
The Metrol train control complex was built as part of the City Loop project of the 1970s. The original site was on Batman Avenue, beside the Jolimont rail yard, and adjacent to Electrol, the control centre for the railway electrical substations and traction power supply. During construction, it was revealed that the Metrol building would block the view from Russell Street to the Botanic Gardens and Government House, and that no planning permit had been applied for. Mr. A.G. (Bill) Gibbs, chairman of VicRail, stated that under Section 79 of the Railways Act 1958, VicRail had the right to build anything on its own land that it deemed necessary. The City of Melbourne and the Board of Works asserted that a permit was necessary, because the building was within 60 metres of the Yarra River. State Premier Rupert Hamer responded to the public outcry by ordering the half-constructed building to be demolished. He also told all government departments that they must apply for planning permits, whether they were legally obliged to or not.
The building was redesigned with a lower profile, which meant that completion was delayed until early 1980. That, in turn, delayed of the opening of the City Loop past August 1980. Control of suburban trains by Metrol commenced on 13 September 1980.
As part of the removal of Jolimont Yard, the Metrol building was demolished in 1999, and Metrol operations were moved to Transport
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KFBI-LD
|
KFBI-LD (channel 48) is a low-power television station in Medford, Oregon, United States, affiliated with MyNetworkTV, Heroes & Icons, and Telemundo. It is owned by Imagicomm Communications alongside Fox affiliate KMVU-DT (channel 26). Both stations share studios on Crater Lake Avenue in Medford, while KFBI-LD's transmitter is located atop Mount Baldy, near Phoenix, Oregon.
History
KFBI was founded in 2006 by Sainte Partners II, L.P. owner Chester Smith to bring one of his stations to the Medford market. The station hit the air on July 3, 2006, about one month before the official launch of MyNetworkTV; the station launched with the network's imaging to save the costs of a two-month interim brand. The operations were out of the Sainte offices in Chico, California, home of KCVU, MyTV Northern California and three Spanish stations. The sales offices were located on North Riverside Avenue in Medford and Peter Rogers, former general manager at KMVU, served as the station's first full-time general manager.
In November 2007, it was announced that KFBI and sister station KMCW-LP were up for sale, but they were never purchased. The stations remained Sainte property from then on.
In April 2012, KFBI owners Sainte Television Group (aka Sainte Partners II) entered into a local marketing agreement with Bonten Media Group, a New York-based private equity group that owns Northern California ABC and MeTV affiliates KRCR-TV in Redding, California, and KAEF-TV in Eureka, California (the two stations are now owned by the Sinclair Broadcast Group). KFBI and its sister station KMCW were not included in the package. They were being sold to Northwest Broadcasting, owner of KMVU-DT, on July 22, 2013. Upon the sale, the station replaced This TV with Telemundo, thus airing KMCW on channels 14 and 48.2. ThisTV now airs on KOBI-TV channel 5.2; KMCW's license was canceled on March 17, 2016.
In February 2019, Reuters reported that Apollo Global Management had agreed to acquire all of Brian Brady's television portfolio, which it intended to merge with Cox Media Group (which Apollo was acquiring at the same time) and stations spun off from Nexstar Media Group's purchase of Tribune Broadcasting, once the purchases were approved by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). In March 2019 filings with the FCC, Apollo confirmed that its newly formed broadcasting group, Terrier Media, would acquire Northwest Broadcasting, with Brian Brady holding an unspecified minority interest in Terrier. In June 2019, it was announced that Terrier Media would instead operate as Cox Media Group, as Apollo had reached a deal to also acquire Cox's radio and advertising businesses. The transaction was completed on December 17.
On March 29, 2022, Cox Media Group announced it would sell KFBI-LD, KMVU-DT and 16 other stations to Imagicomm Communications, an affiliate of the parent company of the INSP cable channel, for $488 million; the sale was completed on August 1.
KFBI-DT2 Telemundo 48.2
KFB
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy%20Branum
|
Guy Branum () (born November 12, 1975) is an American actor, comedian, and writer best known as the head writer of, and a sketch performer on, X-Play on the G4 network and as a regular panelist on Chelsea Lately on the E! network. He used to host the podcast Pop Rocket on the Maximum Fun network and hosted TruTV's Talk Show the Game Show.
Early life
Branum was born and raised in Yuba City, California to a Protestant father and Jewish mother. He attended the University of California, Berkeley from 1994-1998 where he was a history and political science major. He wrote a column for the Daily Californian, one of which brought the United States Secret Service to his apartment in November 1997 before the Big Game between Berkeley and Stanford University, in which the Associated Press misquoted parts of his article, suggesting that he made suggestions that Berkeley students murder Stanford freshman Chelsea Clinton.
He then moved to Minnesota, where he attended the University of Minnesota Law School, and was on the school's Quiz Bowl team that placed third at CBI nationals in 1999. During his time in law school, he publicly came out as gay. After graduating, he returned to California.
Career
After being recommended by co-hostess Laura Swisher, Branum was hired as a writer for Unscrewed with Martin Sargent while it was still on TechTV in San Francisco. On Unscrewed, he regularly appeared as a sweater model and as The Ambassador of Gay. He was also a writer and producer on G4tv.com, and head writer on the G4 channel program X-Play. He also contributed to the comedy podcast Weezy and the Swish. In December 2007, Branum became a writer and an onscreen comedy performer on Chelsea Lately. He made his feature film debut in January 2011 in No Strings Attached. In 2012 Branum became a writer for the show Totally Biased with W. Kamau Bell, performing a recurring segment "No More Mr. Nice Gay." He appeared in the eighth season of Last Comic Standing. In 2017, Branum performed at the inaugural Portland Queer Comedy Festival.
He was the host and executive producer of Talk Show The Game Show on TruTV, which was canceled in November 2018.
He was the regular host of Pop Rocket, a podcast that dissects popular culture, on the Maximum Fun network, which was cancelled in May 2019.
His book My Life As A Goddess: A Memoir Through (Un)Popular Culture was published in 2018 with a foreword by Mindy Kaling.
He is a frequent guest on the podcasts Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me! and Doug Loves Movies with Doug Benson.
Branum released his first comedy album, Effable, in 2015 on ASpecialThing Records.
References
External links
G4tv interview
Profile on WNYC-FM
1975 births
Living people
American male comedians
American male television writers
American television writers
American stand-up comedians
People from Yuba City, California
TechTV people
UC Berkeley College of Letters and Science alumni
University of Minnesota Law School alumni
X-Play
American male television a
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RT%20%28TV%20network%29
|
RT (formerly Russia Today or Rossiya Segodnya; ) is a Russian state-controlled international news television network funded by the Russian government. It operates pay television and free-to-air channels directed to audiences outside of Russia, as well as providing Internet content in Russian, English, Spanish, French, German and Arabic.
RT is a brand of TV-Novosti, an autonomous non-profit organization founded by the Russian state-owned news agency RIA Novosti in April 2005. During the economic crisis in December 2008, the Russian government, headed by Prime Minister Vladimir Putin, included ANO "TV-Novosti" on its list of core organizations of strategic importance to Russia. RT operates as a multilingual service with channels in five languages: the original English-language channel was launched in 2005, the Arabic-language channel in 2007, Spanish in 2009, German in 2014 and French in 2017. RT America (2010–2022), RT UK (2014–2022) and other regional channels also produce local content. RT is the parent company of the Ruptly video agency, which owns the Redfish video channel and the Maffick digital media company.
RT has regularly been described as a major propaganda outlet for the Russian government and its foreign policy. Academics, fact-checkers, and news reporters (including some current and former RT reporters) have identified RT as a purveyor of disinformation and conspiracy theories. UK media regulator Ofcom has repeatedly found RT to have breached its rules on impartiality, including multiple instances in which RT broadcast "materially misleading" content.
In 2012, RT's editor-in-chief Margarita Simonyan compared the channel to the Russian Ministry of Defence. Referring to the Russo-Georgian War, she stated that it was "waging an information war, and with the entire Western world". In September 2017, RT America was ordered to register as a foreign agent with the United States Department of Justice under the Foreign Agents Registration Act.
RT was banned in Ukraine in 2014 after Russia's annexation of Crimea; Latvia and Lithuania implemented similar bans in 2020. Germany banned RT DE in February 2022. During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the European Union and Canada formally banned RT and independent service providers in over 10 countries suspended broadcasts of RT. Social media websites followed by blocking external links to RT's website and restricting access to RT's content. Microsoft removed RT from their app store and de-ranked their search results on Bing, while Apple removed the RT app from all countries except for Russia.
History
Foundation
RT's formation was part of a public relations effort by the Russian Government in 2005 to improve Russia's image abroad. RT was conceived by former media minister Mikhail Lesin and Aleksei Gromov. At the time of RT's founding, RIA Novosti director Svetlana Mironyuk stated: "Unfortunately, at the level of mass consciousness in the West, Russia is associated with three words: communism,
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Let%27s%20Pretend%20%28TV%20series%29
|
Let's Pretend was a 1980s children's television series aimed at preschool aged children in the United Kingdom.
It was shown across the ITV network at 12:10 on Tuesdays, then later on Mondays, replacing the popular Pipkins which had been cancelled at the end of 1981.
Like its predecessor, each edition was fifteen minutes long, and the programme was produced using many of the same personnel, such as the puppeteer Nigel Plaskitt and the producer Michael Jeans.
Each week the presenters would find a number of ordinary household items and contrive to produce a short story featuring them all. The first programme, "The Story Of The Broken Puppet", was shown on Tuesday 5 January 1982 by Central Television. The show was broadcast weekly until 1988.
The show's original opening titles showed items moving along a conveyor belt into the mouth of a large plastic whale, and later a puppet caterpillar moving along the screen. The actual story began with the rising of a curtain with the same puppet caterpillar on accompanied to the same bars of the song On Ilkla Moor Baht 'at that were used as the pre-programme ident of Yorkshire Television.
Transmission guide
Series 1 (1982)
The Story of the Broken Puppet – 5 January 1982
The Story of the Leaping Frog – 12 January 1982
The Story of the Dancing Elephant – 19 January 1982
The Hungry Pillar Box – 26 January 1982
The Garden Bench – 2 February 1982
The Shoe That Wanted to Go Its Own Way – 9 February 1982
The Whistling Kettle – 16 February 1982
The Teapot That Lost Its Lid – 23 February 1982
The Zoo Keeper and the Giraffe – 2 March 1982
The Story of the Cleaner and the Cook – 9 March 1982
The Story of the Rabbit and the Mole – 16 March 1982
The Tale of Two Bears – 23 March 1982
The Story of How the Bus Got up the Hill – 30 March 1982
The Story of the Sleepless Owl – 6 April 1982
The Story of the King Who Loved Bananas – 13 April 1982
The Umbrella That Didn't Like Rain – 20 April 1982
The Cheesemaker and the Mouse – 27 April 1982
The Story of the Giant's Boots – 4 May 1982
Series 2 (1982-1983)
The King Who Liked Music – 24 August 1982
The Snowman – 31 August 1982
The Jack Who Wouldn't Come Out of His Box – 7 September 1982
The Cat That Liked Mice – 14 September 1982
The Sailors Who Lost Their Sail – 21 September 1982
The Piggy Bank – 28 September 1982
The Goldfish Who Swam Away from His Bowl – 5 October 1982
The Clock That Forgot to Tock – 12 October 1982
The Hole – 19 October 1982
The Soldier and the Crown – 26 October 1982
– 2 November 1982
The Greedy Crocodile – 9 November 1982
The Boat That Had No Paddle – 16 November 1982
The Witch and the Sweeper – 23 November 1982
The Old Man and the Duck – 30 November 1982
The Fork Lift Truck – 7 December 1982
The Man Who Wanted His Milk – 14 December 1982
The Cow That Wanted to Jump Over the Moon – 21 December 1982
Worn Out Teddy – 28 December 1982
The Smallest Circus in the World – 10 January 1983
The Little Cloud That Cried – 17 January 1983
The Stripy Deckchair –
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FUnit
|
FUnit is a unit testing framework for Fortran, in the style of other xUnit testing frameworks.
External links
at RubyForge
Documentation
Extreme programming
Unit testing frameworks
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canal%20Capital
|
Canal Capital is a Colombian local public television channel, launched 3 November 1997, operated as an industrial and commercial company, property of the government of Bogotá. Its programming is general, though focused on political, cultural, and educational programmes.
References
External links
Television stations in Colombia
Spanish-language television stations
Television channels and stations established in 1995
Mass media in Bogotá
Television networks in Colombia
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raghbir%20Lal
|
Raghbir Lal Sharma (born 15 November 1929) was an Indian hockey player.
References
Raghbir Lal's profile at databaseOlympics
External links
1929 births
Living people
Field hockey players from Punjab, India
Olympic field hockey players for India
Olympic gold medalists for India
Field hockey players at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Field hockey players at the 1956 Summer Olympics
Indian male field hockey players
Olympic medalists in field hockey
Medalists at the 1956 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Field hockey players from Rawalpindi
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gottfrid%20Svartholm
|
Per Gottfrid Svartholm Warg (born 17 October 1984), alias anakata, is a Swedish computer specialist, known as the former co-owner of the web hosting company PRQ and co-founder of the BitTorrent site The Pirate Bay together with Fredrik Neij and Peter Sunde.
Parts of an interview with Svartholm commenting on the May 2006 police raid of The Pirate Bay are featured in Good Copy Bad Copy and Steal This Film. He is a main focus of the documentary TPB AFK.
In May 2013, WikiLeaks said Svartholm Warg had worked with the organization for the 2010 release of Collateral Murder, the helicopter cockpit gunsight video of a July 2007 airstrike by U.S. forces in Baghdad. According to WikiLeaks, Svartholm served as technical consultant and managed infrastructure critical to the organization. He was also listed as part of the “decryption and transmission team” and credited for “networking.” Svartholm was one of several Pirate Bay associates who did work for other Wikileaks endeavors. One of Svartholm's companies had previously hosted WikiLeaks' computers.
On 27 November 2013, he was extradited to Denmark, where he was charged with infiltrating the Danish social security database, driver's licence database, and the shared IT system used in the Schengen zone. Awaiting his court trial, he was being held in solitary confinement. A court trial ended on 31 October 2014, and he was found guilty by the jury and sentenced to three and a half years in prison. The sentence was appealed immediately, but the judges, fearing that he might try to evade his sentence, ordered that he be held in confinement until the appeal court trial date.
After spending three years in different prisons in both Sweden and Denmark, he was eventually released on 29 September 2015. According to his mother, he expressed a desire ‘to get back to his developmental work within IT’ upon his release.
Americas Dumbest Soldiers and meeting Fredrik Neij
Svartholm Warg started the website Americas Dumbest Soldiers which listed deceased US soldiers in the Iraq War and asked users of the site to rate how "dumb" the soldiers were based on how they died. Fredrik Neij provided Svartholm Warg's website access to the internet via British Telecom. According to Neij, someone at the US State Department contacted the head of British Telecom, who in turn contacted the head of the Swedish provider which Neij worked for, who then asked Svartholm Warg and Neij to remove the site. Invoking freedom of speech and parody laws, Svartholm Warg and Neij questioned the request but eventually removed the site.
The Pirate Bay
Svartholm Warg co-founded The Pirate Bay in 2003 with Fredrik Neij and Peter Sunde. At the time, it was part of the Swedish anti-copyright group and think tank Piratbyrån (Piracy Bureau) and became a platform for sharing audio, video, software and electronic games. According to Svartholm, Piratbyrån was mainly involved with political operations such as rallies, petitions and lobbying for changes to copyri
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20ITU-T%20V-series%20recommendations
|
The ITU-T V-Series Recommendations on Data communication over the telephone network specify the protocols that govern approved modem communication standards and interfaces.
Note: the bis and ter suffixes are ITU-T standard designators of successive iterations of a standard (bis and ter are derived from the Latin for "twice" and "thrice").
General standards
Applies to V.1–V.9
V.1 is an ITU-T recommendation, entitled Equivalence between binary notation symbols and the significant conditions of a two-condition code.
V.2 is an ITU-T recommendation, approved in November 1988, titled Power levels for data transmission over telephone lines.
V.4 is an ITU-T recommendation, approved in November 1988, titled General structure of signals of International Alphabet No. 5 code for character oriented data transmission over public telephone networks.
V.5 was an ITU-T recommendation, approved in November 1988, titled Standardization of data signalling rates for synchronous data transmission in the general switched telephone network. It has been withdrawn since.
V.6 was an ITU-T recommendation, approved in November 1988, titled Standardization of data signalling rates for synchronous data transmission on leased telephone-type circuits. It has been withdrawn since.
V.7 is an ITU-T recommendation, approved in November 1988, titled Definitions of terms concerning data communication over the telephone network.
V.8 is an ITU-T recommendation, first approved in September 1994, titled Procedures for starting sessions of data transmission over the public switched telephone network. It has been superseded three times. The current version was approved in November 2000.
V.8bis is an ITU-T recommendation, first approved in August 1996, titled Procedures for the identification and selection of common modes of operation between data circuit-terminating equipments (DCEs) and between data terminal equipments (DTEs) over the public switched telephone network and on leased point-to-point telephone-type circuits. It has been superseded twice. The current version was approved in November 2000.
Interfaces and voiceband modems
Applies to V.10–V.34
V.10 is an ITU-T recommendation, first agreed in 1976, for unbalanced electrical circuits for data communication at up to 100 kbit/s. It can interwork with V.28, provided it is not exposed to signals greater than 12 volts. Used with the 37-pin ISO 4902 connector, it is compatible with EIA RS-423.
V.11 is an ITU-T recommendation, first agreed in 1976, for balanced electrical circuits for data communication at up to 10 Mbit/s. Used with the 37-pin ISO 4902 connector ("DC-37"), it is compatible with EIA-422. The 15-pin ISO 4903 connector ("DA-15") is recommended for data network interface.
V.17 is an ITU-T recommendation for a fax modem using TCM modulation at 12 and 14.4 kbit/s.
V.18 is an ITU-T recommendation for operation and interworking of text telephone devices
V.21 is an ITU-T recommendation for full-duplex
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snobs%20%28TV%20series%29
|
Snobs is an Australian children's television series that aired from 29 September to 11 November 2003 on the Nine Network.
The series is set in Eden Beach, a fictional suburb of Sydney in its northern beaches district; and follows the story of a community of travellers known as "The Ferals" who decide to set up camp in the suburb, despite protest and anger from residents.
Cast
Indiana Evans as Abby Oakley
Ross Perrelli as Marian Freeman
Ella Roberts as Pia Freeman
Mathew Waters as Spike Freeman
Brooke Callaghan as Brooke Bellingham
Melissa Jaffer as Gwen Walston
Recurring
Kerry Walker as Kizzy Freeman
Craig Elliott as Tobar Freeman
Vanessa Steele as Rose Freeman
Nathy Gaffney as Rachel Oakley
Alex Hughes as Ryan Grainger
Miles Szanto as Sam Keogh
Samuel Rosek as Charlie Oakley
Katherine Merry as Carla Correlli
Danny Nash as Jim Correlli
Tim Campbell as Constable Stubbs
Ann Burbrook as Mrs. Church
John Derum as Mr. Alexander
Rhonda Doyle as Clarissa Bellingham
Trent Sierra as Banjo Freeman
Matt Nicholls as Rollo
Anthony Johnson as Freeman
Plot
Abby Oakley (Indiana Evans), a girl from a wealthy middle-class family, and Marian Freeman (Ross Pirelli), a boy from the group of travellers, act as the main protagonists and form a close friendship despite their differences.
They are often joined by Spike Freeman (Mathew Waters) and Pia Freeman (Ella Roberts) and form the main character group in the show. The title of the show comes from the name of the dog featured in the show, owned by Marian, who acts as a constant companion.
Other major characters in the show are Brooke Bellingham (Brooke Callaghan), former best friend to Abby who, disappointed with her friend's choice of social group, tries many deceitful methods of winning her back, despite still wishing they could be best friends.
Ryan Granger (Alex Hughes) and Sam Keogh (Miles Szanto) act as the bully characters. They are residents of Eden Beach who take particular interest in getting the Ferals out of town, and often resort to ridiculous and callous acts to achieve this, almost all of which backfire on them.
Rachel Oakley (Nathy Gaffney) is Abby's mother, who goes to enormous lengths to try to stop Abby seeing Marian, even going as far as threatening to send her to boarding school.
Tobar Freeman (Craig Elliot) is Marian's father, who at the time of moving to Eden Beach is on probation for robbery, a secret kept from Marian until it is revealed to him later in the series by Rachel Oakley.
Abby's grandmother Gwen (Melissa Jaffer) who Abby is sent to live with in the second part of the series after a series of incidents with her parents.
The story culminates in the Ferals leaving Eden Beach after Marian's father comes off probation, with Marian and his mother opting to stay behind when it is revealed he is in fact related to Abby, as Kizzy, the head of the Ferals, is the sister of Gwen. This emerges when Gwen attempts to persuade her family to remain in town so that
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bundesstra%C3%9Fe
|
Bundesstraße (German for "federal highway"), abbreviated B, is the denotation for German and Austrian national highways.
Germany
Germany's Bundesstraßen network has a total length of about 40,000 km.
German Bundesstraßen are labelled with rectangular yellow signs with black numerals, as opposed to the white-on-blue markers of the Autobahn controlled-access highways. Bundesstraßen, like autobahns, are maintained by the federal agency of the Transport Ministry. In the German highway system they rank below autobahns, but above the Landesstraßen and Kreisstraßen maintained by the federal states and the districts respectively. The numbering was implemented by law in 1932 and has overall been retained up to today, except for those roads located in the former eastern territories of Germany.
One distinguishing characteristic between German Bundesstraßen and Autobahnen is that there usually is a general 100 km/h (62 mph) speed limit on federal highways out of built-up areas, as opposed to the merely advisory speed limit (Richtgeschwindigkeit) of 130 km/h (83 mph) in unmarked sections of the autobahns. However, a number of Bundesstraßen have been extended as expressways (dual carriageways) (colloquially called "Yellow Autobahns"), which can be compared to motorway-grade A roads in the U.K. like the A1(M). Many of these have speed limits of usually 100–120 km/h, others have only an advisory speed limit like autobahns. Most sections of the federal highways are only single carriageway with one lane for each direction and no hard shoulder pull-out area.
The closest equivalent in the United States would be the U.S. highway system.
Austria
In contrast to Germany, according to a 2002 amendment of the Austrian federal road act, Bundesstraßen is the official term referring only to autobahns (Bundesstraßen A) and limited-access roads (Schnellstraßen, Bundesstraßen S). The administration of all other former federal highways (Bundesstraßen B) has passed to the federal states (Bundesländer).
Therefore, officially classified as Landesstraßen, they are still colloquially called Bundesstraßen and have retained their "B" designation (except for Vorarlberg), followed by the number and a name. They are marked by a blue square sign with white number and are per se priority roads.
Before 2002 there has been a further category of Bundesstraßen with circular yellow sign and black number that shows that this road has no fixed priority (right of way for users). A few yellow signs lived longer than 2002.
Motorway plans
Germany and Austria have plans to reconstruct and/or replace Bundesstraße as/by motorways (Autobahn), outside built-up areas, especially the important ones of 20 to 30 thousands kilometers of the ways in Germany. For Austria they have to replace another 8000 km by schnellstraße/motorways, then Schnellstraße have to be replaced by/rebuilt as motorways.
See also
List of federal highways in Germany
External links
it:Bundesstraße
sv:Riksväg#Andra länd
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylvanus%20Dung%20Dung
|
Sylvanus Dung Dung (born January 27, 1949) is a former field hockey player from Simdega, Jharkhand, India. Received the Dhyanchand award in 2016.
References
Sylvanus Dung Dung's profile at databaseOlympics
"Hockey Olympic Gold Medallist Living in Poverty"
External links
1949 births
Living people
People from Simdega district
Field hockey players from Jharkhand
Olympic field hockey players for India
Olympic gold medalists for India
Olympic medalists in field hockey
Indian male field hockey players
Medalists at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Recipients of the Dhyan Chand Award
Asian Games medalists in field hockey
Field hockey players at the 1978 Asian Games
Asian Games silver medalists for India
Medalists at the 1978 Asian Games
Field hockey players at the 1980 Summer Olympics
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflict%20resolution%20strategy
|
Conflict resolution strategies are used in production systems in artificial intelligence, such as in rule-based expert systems, to help in choosing which production rule to fire. The need for such a strategy arises when the conditions of two or more rules are satisfied by the currently known facts.
Categories
Conflict resolution strategies fall into several main categories. They each have advantages which form their rationales.
Specificity - If all of the conditions of two or more rules are satisfied, choose the rule according to how specific its conditions are. It is possible to favor either the more general or the more specific case. The most specific may be identified roughly as the one having the greatest number of preconditions. This usefully catches exceptions and other special cases before firing the more general (default) rules.
Recency - When two or more rules could be chosen, favor the one that matches the most recently added facts, as these are most likely to describe the current situation.
Not previously used - If a rule's conditions are satisfied, but previously the same rule has been satisfied by the same facts, ignore the rule. This helps to prevent the system from entering infinite loops.
Order - Pick the first applicable rule in order of presentation. This is the strategy that Prolog interpreters use by default, but any strategy may be implemented by building suitable rules in a Prolog system.
Arbitrary choice - Pick a rule at random. This has the merit of being simple to compute.
See also
Cognitive modelling
CLIPS
References
Logic programming
Rule engines
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TAPI
|
TAPI is a four-letter abbreviation, and may refer to:
Telephony Application Programming Interface, an API which enables PCs running Microsoft Windows to use telephone services
Turkmenistan-Afghanistan–Pakistan–India pipeline (Trans-Afghanistan Pipeline), a proposed natural gas pipeline
Teva Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, a stand-alone business unit of Teva Pharmaceutical Industries limited
TAPI-0 and TAPI-1, inhibitors used in biochemistry
Tapi may refer to:
People
Tapi Dharma Rao, Indian writer
Tapi Chanakya, Indian film director
Dragan Malesevic Tapi (Dragan Malešević Tapi), Serbian hyper realist painter
Geography
Tapi, Albania
Tapi, Iran
Tapi, Pakistan, a village in the North Waziristan province and the site of two drone attacks by the United States military
Used as TApI
Tapi district, Gujarat, India
Tapti River (often spelled Tapi), in the state of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Gujarat in India
Tapi River, Thailand (Thai: ตาปี, sometimes spelled Tapee), in the Surat Thani Province, Southern Thailand
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.