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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eike%20Best | Eike Best (born 13 March 1951) is a German computer scientist, best known for his contributions to concurrency theory.
Early life and education
Eike Best was born in Neustadt an der Weinstraße. During his childhood, he lived in Argentina, Germany, and Turkey, where his father worked as high school teacher. Best received a high school diploma from the German School of Istanbul in 1969, a Diploma in Computer Science from the Technische Hochschule Karlsruhe in 1974, and a PhD from Newcastle University in 1981 for a dissertation on semantics, verification, and design of concurrent programs, supervised by Peter Lauer and Brian Randell. He habilitated in 1988 at the University of Bonn with a thesis on causal semantics of non-sequential programs.
Career and contributions
Best was research assistant in Carl Adam Petri's research group at the Gesellschaft für Mathematik und Datenverarbeitung near Bonn (1981–1988), and professor in the Computer Science departments at the University of Hildesheim (1989–1996) and the Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg (1996–2018), where he headed the Group for Parallel Systems. During his Bonn period he developed Petri's theory of non-sequential processes together with César Fernández, and contributed to the theory of free-choice Petri nets. During his Hildesheim and Oldenburg periods he developed the Petri Box Calculus, a process algebra with a Petri net semantics, together with Raymond Devillers and Maciej Koutny. During the last years of his career in Oldenburg he worked on the automatic synthesis of Petri nets from transition systems.
In the 1990s, Best was one of the founders of CONCUR, the International Conference on Concurrency Theory, together with Jos Baeten, Kim Larsen, Ugo Montanari, and Pierre Wolper. Moreover, Best was coordinator of the DEMON and CALIBAN projects, funded
by the European Community.
He acted as dean of the Computer Science Faculty from 2000 to 2002 and became director of the Computer Science Department at University of Oldenburg in 2009.
Selected publications
Eike Best is the author and co-author of multiple books in computer science, including:
References
External links
Personal home page
DBLP publication list
Google Scholar profile
Living people
1951 births
People from Neustadt an der Weinstraße
Alumni of Newcastle University
Academic staff of the University of Oldenburg
German computer scientists
Formal methods people |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linda%20Williams%20Pickle | Linda Williams Pickle (born July 19, 1948) is an American statistician and expert in spatial analysis and data visualization, especially as applied to disease patterns. She worked as a researcher for the National Cancer Institute, for Georgetown University, and for the National Center for Health Statistics before becoming a statistics consultant and adjunct professor of geography and public health services at Pennsylvania State University.
Education and career
Pickle was born in Hampton Virginia but grew up in central Maryland. She attended Harford Community College and then transferred to Johns Hopkins University where she majored in quantitative studies. She graduated in their first co-educational class in 1974 with honors (Phi Beta Kappa), and then completed a Ph.D. in biostatistics at Johns Hopkins in 1977.
She worked as a biostatistician at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) from 1977 to 1988, analyzing environmental epidemiology studies and producing the second generation of NCI cancer atlases that included modeled time trend maps. She then served as an adjunct assistant professor and research associate professor of community and family medicine at Georgetown University from 1983 to 1991, where she directed the biostatistics unit of the Vincent T. Lombardi Cancer Research Center from 1988 to 1991.
She was a mathematical statistician at the National Center for Health Statistics from 1991 to 1999, and was project director for the center's Atlas of United States Mortality project which included cognitive research into how people read data from maps. She returned to the National Cancer Institute as a senior mathematical statistician from 1999 to 2007, before retiring to become owner and chief statistician of a consulting firm, StatNet Consulting. While at NCI, she started their geographic information systems (GIS) program and developed statistical models to examine spatial patterns of cancer. Her model to predict the number of new cancer cases is used by the American Cancer Society for their annual cancer report.
Books
Pickle is lead author of the books Atlas of U.S. Cancer Mortality Among Whites, 1950-1980 (National Cancer Institute, 1987), Atlas of U.S. Cancer Mortality Among Nonwhites, 1950-1980 (National Cancer Institute, 1990), Atlas of United States Mortality (National Center for Health Statistics, 1996) and coauthor of Visualizing Data Patterns with Micromaps with Daniel B. Carr (Chapman & Hall/CRC, 2010). In addition, she has published over 100 articles and numerous book chapters in the medical and statistical literature. Her work has been cited over 11,000 times.
Recognition
Pickle's 1996 Atlas received the International Blue Pencil Award for Best Illustrated Book in 1997 from the National Association of Government Communicators and a CDC Health Communications Award the same year. In 1997 she also received the Elijah White Memorial Award from the National Center for Health Statistics. In 2006 she received the ESRI Vision Award fo |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Wall%20Philippines | The Wall Philippines is a Philippine television game show broadcast by TV5 and GMA Network. The show is based on the American game show The Wall. Hosted by Billy Crawford, it premiered on March 13, 2021 on TV5. The second season premiered on GMA Network on August 28, 2022 on the network's Sunday Grande sa Hapon line up. The show concluded on December 4, 2022.
Gameplay
The Wall is a four-storey high (37 ft) pegboard, similar to a pachinko game or bean machine. The bottom of the board is divided into 15 bins marked with various Philippine peso amounts; eight of these range from ₱1 to ₱100 and remain constant throughout the game, while the others have higher values and increase from round to round. Balls can be put into play from seven numbered "drop zones" on the top edge of the board, directly above the seven centermost money slots.
A team of two contestants plays each game, attempting to bank as much money as possible by correctly answering multiple choice questions and landing balls in high-value slots. Balls turn green for correct answers and red for incorrect answers. Green balls dropped on the board will add to the team's bank, while red balls dropped on the board will subtract from it. Throughout the game, the bank has a floor of ₱0. The game has a potential top prize of ₱12,374,994 (later ₱11,949,994 in the second season).
Round 1: Free Fall
In Free Fall, the team is asked a series of five questions, each with two answer choices. After each question is asked, three balls are simultaneously released from drop zones 1, 4, and 7. The team must select one answer and lock it in before the first ball crosses the white line just above the bins. If the team's answer is correct, the balls turn green and their values are added to the team's bank. If the team answers incorrectly or fails to lock in an answer, the balls turn red and their values are subtracted from the team's bank.
If the team's bank balance is zero at the end of this round, the game ends immediately and they leave without any winnings. Otherwise, their earnings become part of a guaranteed payout to be offered to them at the end of the game.
The highest amount that a team can bank in this round is ₱375,000 in the first season; this was later increased to ₱750,000 for the second season.
The values on the board range from ₱1 to ₱25,000 (later ₱50,000), and are arranged as follows:
Round 2
At the start of the second round, the contestants are separated from each other for the rest of the game. One enters an isolation chamber behind The Wall, while the other remains onstage. Two green balls are played simultaneously, dropped from the two zones chosen by the onstage player. Three multiple choice questions are then played, each with three answer choices. The onstage player is shown only the answers to each question and must decide which zone to use, based on how confident he/she is that the isolated player can answer correctly. The question and answers are then presented to the isolat |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022%E2%80%9323%20United%20States%20network%20television%20schedule | The 2022–23 network television schedule for the five major English-language commercial broadcast networks in the United States covers the prime time hours from September 2022 to August 2023. The schedule is followed by a list per network of returning series, new series, and series canceled after the 2021–22 television season. The schedule was affected by strikes undertaken by the Writers Guild of America (which began on May 2 and ended on September 27) and SAG-AFTRA (which began on July 14 and is still ongoing), marking the first television season since the 1959–60 season that was affected by two simultaneous strikes; however because the strikes commenced in May and July, respectively, programming impacts on the 2022–23 season itself were limited in comparison to previous television seasons affected by Hollywood labor disputes.
NBC was the first to announce its fall schedule on May 16, 2022, via press release, followed by an upfront presentation to advertisers at 11:00 a.m. Eastern Time. ABC announced its fall schedule on May 17 (with an upfront presentation at 4:00 p.m. that day), followed by CBS on May 18 (with their upfront presentation at 4:00 p.m. that day), and The CW on May 19 (with their upfront presentation at 11:00 a.m. that day). Fox announced its programming on May 16 shortly after NBC (with their upfront presentation at 4:00 p.m. that day), but released its prime-time schedule (along with their premiere dates) on June 6.
PBS is not included, as member television stations have local flexibility over most of their schedules and broadcast times for network shows may vary. Ion Television and MyNetworkTV are also not included as both networks' schedules feature syndicated reruns and live sports.
Each of the 30 highest-rated shows released in May 2023 is listed with its rank and rating as determined by Nielsen Media Research.
New series to broadcast television are highlighted in bold.
Repeat airings or same-day rebroadcasts are indicated by .
All times are U.S. Eastern and Pacific Time (except for some live sports or events). Subtract one hour for Central, Mountain, Alaska, and Hawaii-Aleutian times.
All sporting events air live in all time zones in U.S. Eastern time, with local and/or late-night programming (including Fox affiliates during the 10 p.m. ET/PT hour) by affiliates after game completion.
During the NFL season (excluding games on broadcast networks, with ABC and/or Hearst affiliates having first refusal on games broadcast by ESPN (due to ABC being owned by the same company as ESPN, and Hearst owned 20% stake on ESPN), therefore its primetime programming from its respective network may be delayed or moved to another sister station to air live), the NFL policy on ESPN Monday Night Football, Thursday Night Football, NFL Network Exclusive Game Series and any game exclusively airing on Peacock and ESPN+ will affect the 31 primary markets (30 markets with NFL teams and Milwaukee, WI). The NFL sells syndication rights to the c |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20census-designated%20places%20in%20Guam | This is a list of census-designated places in Guam. Population data is from the 2010 Census.
Census Designated Places of Guam
See also
Villages of Guam
List of beaches in Guam
References |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bytes%20Technology%20Group | Bytes Technology Group is a reseller of computer software in Leatherhead, Surrey, England. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.
History
The business was established in a shop in Epsom in 1982. It was acquired by Allied Electronics Corporation (Altron), a company led by the entrepreneur, Bill Venter, in 1998. The company was demerged from Altron and was subject to an initial public offering on the London Stock Exchange in December 2020.
Operations
The company is a reseller of computer software, principally of products made by Microsoft, but also of cloud storage, computer security and computer asset management software. It was the largest reseller of Microsoft's Azure cloud computing software product in the UK during the year ended 30 June 2019.
References
External links
Official site
Software companies established in 1982 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artbreeder | Artbreeder, formerly known as Ganbreeder, is a collaborative, machine learning-based art website. Using the models StyleGAN and BigGAN, the website allows users to generate and modify images of faces, landscapes, and paintings, among other categories.
Overview
On Artbreeder, users mainly interact through the remixing - referred to as 'breeding' - of other users' images found in the publicly accessible database of images. The creation of new variations can be done by tweaking sliders on an image's page, known as "genes", which in the "Portraits" model can range from color balance to gender, facial hair, and glasses. Additionally, any image can be "crossbred" with other publicly viewable images from the database, using a slider to control how much of each image should influence the resulting "child".
The site also allows for uploading new images, which the model will attempt to convert into the latent space of the network.
A sequence of images from the same category can also be interpolated between in animated video form. However, the animations page for the 'Anime Portraits' model cannot be reached via the 'create' page.
Notable usages
The similarly AI-driven text adventure game AI Dungeon uses Artbreeder to generate profile pictures for its users, and The Static Age's Andrew Paley has used Artbreeder to create the visuals for his music videos. Artbreeder has been used to create portraits of characters from popular novels such as Harry Potter and Twilight. They have also been used to add realistic features to ancient portraits.
Artbreeder was used to create characters in the sequel to Ben Drowned with the titular villain, an AI-construct itself, created entirely using the website.
Reception
The artwork generated by users of the website has been described as "beautiful" and "surreal," drawing comparisons to "weird, incomprehensible dreams" that "somehow touch the deep, unconscious parts of [the] mind". However, the generated faces were noted as "creepy and 'off, and still nowhere near the quality attained by actual digital artists.
Additionally, the site faced criticism for perceived confusing aspects of the AI's behavior. Jonathan Bartlett of Mind Matters News noted that "As is always the case with AI, sometimes the [gene] knobs don't work as expected and sometimes the results are... strange," while conceding that Artbreeder was still "probably the start of a new future of made-to-order stock images." Writers from Hyperallergic also took issue with perceived racial biases in the Portraits model, citing a comment from a user who faced difficulty from the neural network while attempting to darken the skin of a portrait to match a source image.
See also
This Person Does Not Exist
DALL-E
References
Bibliography
Deep learning software applications
Internet properties established in 2018
Graphics software |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Security%20Commission%20on%20Artificial%20Intelligence | The National Security Commission on Artificial Intelligence (NSCAI) was an independent commission of the United States of America established in 2018 to make recommendations to the President and Congress to "advance the development of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and associated technologies to comprehensively address the national security and defense needs of the United States".
It issued its final report in March 2021, saying that the U.S. is not sufficiently prepared to defend or compete against China in the AI era.
Members
Here is a list of members from the National Security Commission on Artificial Intelligence:
Eric Schmidt (Chair), former CEO of Google
Robert Work (Vice Chair), former Deputy Secretary of Defense
Mignon Clyburn, former Commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission
Chris Darby, CEO of In-Q-Tel
Jose-Marie Griffiths, President of Dakota State University
William Hurd, former U.S. Representative from Texas
Katharina McFarland, former Assistant Secretary of Defense for Acquisition
Jason Matheny, Director of the Center for Security and Emerging Technology at Georgetown University
Ash Carter, former Secretary of Defense
Gilman Louie, partner at Alsop Louie Partners
Andy Jassy, CEO of Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Safra Catz, CEO of Oracle
Steve Chien, technical fellow at Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)
Adam Grant, organizational psychologist and professor at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania
Fei-Fei Li, professor of computer science at Stanford University
Terah Lyons, founding executive director of the Partnership on AI
Andrew Moore, dean of the School of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University
William J. Perry, former Secretary of Defense
Eric Rosenbach, co-director of the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at Harvard University
Danny Toler, former CIO of the CIA
Recommendations
The report's recommendations include:
dramatically increasing non-defense federal spending on AI research and development, doubling every year from $2 billion in 2022, to $32 billion in 2026. That would bring it up to a level similar to spending on biomedical research
creation of a Digital Corps to bring skilled tech workers into government
founding of a Digital Service Academy: an accredited university providing subsidized education in exchange for a commitment to work for a time in government
include civil rights and civil liberty reports for new AI systems or major updates to existing systems
expanding allocations of employment-based green cards, and giving them to every AI PhD graduate from an accredited U.S. university
reforming the acquisition management system Department of Defense to make it faster and easier to introduce new technologies.
References
External links
United States national commissions
Organizations established in 2018
Artificial intelligence |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TigerGraph | TigerGraph is a private company headquartered in Redwood City, California. It provides graph database and graph analytics software.
History
TigerGraph was founded in 2012 by programmer Dr. Yu Xu under the name GraphSQL.
In September 2017, the company came out of stealth mode under the name TigerGraph with $33 million in funding. It raised an additional $32 million in funding in September 2019 and another $105 million in a series C round in February 2021. Cumulative funding as of March 2021 is $170 million.
Products
TigerGraph's hybrid transactional/analytical processing database and analytics software can scale to tens of terabytes of data with billions of edges, and is used for data intensive applications such as fraud detection, customer data analysis (customer 360), IoT, artificial intelligence and machine learning. It is available using the cloud computing delivery model. The analytics uses C++ based software and a parallel processing engine to process algorithms and queries. It has its own graph query language that is similar to SQL. TigerGraph also provides a software development kit for creating graphs and visual representations.
As of January 2022, TigerGraph version is up to Graph version 3.
Reception
A 2018 review of TigerGraph 2.2 in Infoworld gave the product 4.5 out of 5 stars.
Query Language
GSQL is a SQL-like Turing complete query language designed by TigerGraph.
See also
Graph Query Language
References
External links
Official website
TigerGraph Paper at SIGMOD Conference
Graph databases
Databases
Structured storage |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Shor | David Shor (born 1991) is an American data scientist and political consultant known for analyzing political polls. He serves as head of data science with Blue Rose Research in New York City, and is a senior fellow with the Center for American Progress Action Fund. Shor describes himself as a socialist and advised a number of liberal political action committees during the 2020 United States elections.
Early life
Shor grew up in Miami, Florida, in a Sephardic Jewish family. He holds a mathematics degree from Florida International University. Shor was a precocious child and gifted in mathematics, starting his undergraduate degree at the age of 13 and finishing at the age of 17. Shor was awarded the Math in Moscow scholarship in fall 2009.
Career
Shor joined the Barack Obama 2012 presidential campaign at the age of 20, working on the Chicago-based team that tracked internal and external polls and developed forecasts. The team Shor worked with developed a polling forecasting model, known as "The Golden Report", that projected Obama's vote share within one percentage point in eight of the nine battleground states. New York Magazine described Shor as the "in-house Nate Silver" of the Obama campaign.
Shor then worked as a senior data scientist with Civis Analytics in Chicago for seven years, where he operated the company's web-based survey. On May 28, 2020, Shor tweeted a summary of an academic study by Omar Wasow, a black political scientist at Princeton University, that argued riots following Martin Luther King Jr.'s assassination likely tipped the 1968 presidential election in Richard Nixon's favor. Some critics argued that Shor's tweet, which was posted during the height of the George Floyd protests, could be interpreted as criticism of the Black Lives Matter movement. Jonathan Chait wrote in New York Magazine that "At least some employees and clients on Civis Analytics complained that Shor’s tweet threatened their safety." Shor apologized for the tweet on May 29, and he was fired from Civis Analytics a few days later.
Since 2020, his work at Blue Rose Research aims to develop a data-based model to predict the outcome of future elections on the basis of simulations, designed in particular to advise the Democratic Party in campaign strategies. Shor is an advocate for what he terms "popularism", the idea that Democrats should campaign on a strategy of focusing on issues that enjoy electoral popularity, such as focusing on economic issues over polarizing social and cultural issues. Some political analysts, including Michael Podhorzer, have criticized his work for a lack of transparency regarding his methods and data sources.
References
Further reading
External links
Website of Blue Rose Research
"Noah Smith interviews David Shor", an hour-long interview with Bloomberg opinion writer Noah Smith
1991 births
American Orthodox Jews
American political consultants
Barack Obama 2012 presidential campaign
Data scientists
Democrats (United States |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarzw%C3%A4lder%20Bote | Schwarzwälder Bote, also known as Schwabo, is a German regional daily newspaper for the Black Forest and Upper Neckar region.
Schwabo operates a network of 15 branches, three service points, and 18 local editorial offices. The main circulation area, including the partner newspapers Oberbadische Zeitung and Lahrer Zeitung, extends from Calw and Bad Herrenalb in the north to Lörrach in the south, from Lahr in the west to Balingen and Albstadt in the East. The sold circulation is 105,265 copies, a decrease of 23.9 percent since 1998.
Since 2001 the "Schwabo" has received the national part of its content from the Stuttgarter Nachrichten.
Ownership structure
Schwabo is published by the Schwarzwälder Bote Mediengesellschaft mbH publishing house (HRB 480886 AG Stuttgart), in which the Stuttgart-based Medienholding Süd GmbH (MSG) holds 90% and the Württemberger Zeitung GmbH 10% of the capital. Carsten Huber is the managing director.
On October 15, 2008, a profit and loss transfer agreement was concluded with MSG. With holdings in other publishing houses and media companies, the publishing house forms the Schwarzwälder Bote Mediengruppe division of Südwestdeutsche Medien Holding GmbH (SWMH).
Under the umbrella of the Schwarzwälder Bote Mediengruppe, the publisher brings together not only its daily newspaper titles, but also companies for advertising and online services, telephone marketing and company publications, printing and distribution.
Schwabo has been printed in the Southwest Printing Center in Villingen since 2003. The administration and editorial team is based at the publishing location in Oberndorf am Neckar. In 2015, the offer within the media group was expanded to include the radio station Das neue Radio Neckarburg.
The company Black Bote GmbH & Co. KG (HRA 480264 AG Stuttgart) acts as the heirs of the founder of the Black Forest messenger Wilhelm Brandecker and with 18% of the capital of the media holding Süd GmbH (MSG) as a minority owner of the parent company of Black Bote media mbH involved. As a member of the Württemberg publishers group, she holds a capital share in Südwestdeutsche Medien Holding GmbH (SWMH). SWMH is the majority owner of MSG with 82% of the capital.
Richard Rebmann is a partner in the Schwarzwälder Bote GmbH & Co. KG and publisher of the Schwarzwälder Boten.
References
External links
Newspapers published in Germany |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Major%20League%20Soccer%20All-Star%20Game%20broadcasters | The following is a list of the television networks and announcers that have broadcast the Major League Soccer All-Star Game.
2020s
Notes
The 2021 game was originally scheduled to take place on July 29, 2020, during the 2020 season, but was postponed on May 19, 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The game was televised domestically on Fox Sports 1 and Univision in the United States, and on TSN and TVA Sports in Canada.
2010s
2000s
Notes
Former CBC affiliate, then E! and now CityTV affiliate CHAT-TV in Medicine Hat, Alberta did not air the 2008 game, because of Calgary CBC station CBRT-TV, as well as online through live streaming on the CBC Sports website.
In August 2006, MLS and ESPN announced an eight-year contract spanning 2007–2014, giving the league its first rights-fee agreement worth $8 million annually. This deal gave league a regular primetime slot on Thursdays, televised coverage of the first round of the MLS SuperDraft, and an expanded presence on other ESPN properties such as ESPN360 (now ESPN3) and Mobile ESPN. The agreement also placed each season's opening match, All-Star Game, and MLS Cup on ABC.
Bad weather at RFK Stadium in Washington, D.C. led to a 57 minute long rain delay in the first half of the 2002 game. Consequently, because ABC had to broadcast World News Tonight at 6:00 p.m. Eastern Time, the rest of the game was switched over to ESPN.
1990s
Notes
The entire 1999 game was aired to ESPN2 as ABC aired a special news report on the search for John F. Kennedy Jr.'s missing plane.
On March 15, 1994, Major League Soccer with ESPN and ABC Sports announced the league's first television rights deal without any players, coaches, or teams in place. The three-year agreement committed 10 games on ESPN, 25 on ESPN2, and the MLS Cup on ABC. The deal gave MLS no rights fees but split advertising revenue between the league and networks.
See also
Major League Soccer on television
MLS Primetime Thursday
MLS Game of the Week
Viernes de Fútbol
List of current Major League Soccer broadcasters
List of MLS Cup broadcasters
List of ESPN Major League Soccer personalities
References
External links
MLS ALL-STAR GAME HISTORY
A (Uni) History of the MLS All-Star Game
TV Ratings: MLS
Episode List: MLS All-Star Game - TV Tango
All-Star Game
ABC Sports
CBC Sports
ESPN announcers
Fox Sports announcers
The Sports Network
UniMás original programming
Broadcasters
Wide World of Sports (American TV series)
All-Star Game |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blockchain%20oracle | A blockchain oracle is a third-party service that connects smart contracts with the outside world, primarily to feed information in from the world, but also the reverse. Information from the world encapsulates multiple sources, so that decentralized knowledge is obtained. Oracles provide a way for the decentralized Web3 ecosystem to access existing data sources, legacy systems, and advanced computations. Decentralized oracle networks (DONs) enable the creation of hybrid smart contracts, where on-chain code and off-chain infrastructure are combined to support advanced decentralized applications (dApps) that react to real-world events and interoperate with traditional systems.
Examples
Many Ethereum applications use oracles. For example, prediction market Augur would use election data to settle corresponding bets.
Examples of data transmitted by oracles to smart contracts include price information, the successful completion of a payment, the temperature measured by a sensor, election outcomes, etc. Data can be supplied by other software (databases, servers, or essentially any online data source), or by hardware (sensors, barcode scanners, etc.). A hardware oracle can be seen as relaying real-world events into digital values that can be understood by smart contracts. Both types are inbound oracles. Human oracles are individuals with specialized knowledge who can verify the authenticity of information before relaying it to smart contracts, and who prove their identity cryptographically.
Outbound oracles send information from smart contracts to the external world. For example, a smart contract receiving a payment could send information through an outbound oracle to a mechanism that unlocks a smart lock.
Concerns
If an oracle relies on a single source of truth (centralized), that can lead to issues: the data source can be hacked in a man-in-the-middle attack, or altered by its owner, in order to sway smart contracts. Decentralized oracles (consensus oracles) increase the reliability of the information provided to smart contracts by querying multiple data sources, thus distributing trust between participants. However, this does not achieve trustlessness, since oracles are not part of the main blockchain consensus, and thus not part of the security mechanisms of public blockchains.
References
Blockchains
Computation oracles |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silvia%20Miksch | Silvia Miksch is an Austrian computer scientist working in information visualization, particularly for time-oriented and medical data. She is head of the Centre for Visual Analytics Science and Technology at TU Wien.
Education and career
Miksch has a master's degree and Ph.D. from the University of Vienna, earned in 1987 and 1990 respectively.
After postdoctoral research at the Austrian Research Institute for Artificial Intelligence and at Stanford University, she became a faculty member at TU Wien in 1996. She became University Professor at Danube University Krems in 2006, before moving back to TU Wien again in 2010 as the founding director of the Centre for Visual Analytics Science and Technology.
She chaired the Austrian Society for Artificial Intelligence (ÖGAI) from 1997 to 2006.
Books
Miksch is a coauthor of the books Visualization of Time-Oriented Data (with Wolfgang Aigner, Heidrun Schumann, and Christian Tominski, Springer, 2011) and Interactive Information Visualization to Explore and Query Electronic Health Records (Now Publishers, 2013). She is also the editor or co-editor of multiple edited volumes.
Recognition
In 2020, Miksch was listed in the IEEE Visualization Academy by the IEEE Visualization and Graphics Technical Community.
References
External links
Home page
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Austrian computer scientists
Austrian women computer scientists
University of Vienna alumni
Academic staff of TU Wien |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testnet | In blockchain technology, a testnet is an instance of a blockchain powered by the same or a newer version of the underlying software, to be used for testing and experimentation without risk to real funds or the main chain. Testnet coins are separate and distinct from the official (mainnet) coins, don't have value, and can be obtained freely from faucets.
Testnets allow for the development of blockchain applications without the risk of losing funds.
A bug was discovered in the Bitcoin Core software that gave miners the ability to take down essential parts of the Bitcoin infrastructure (nodes) by sending a 'bad' block to the blockchain.
References
Blockchains |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encantadia%20%28disambiguation%29 | Encantadia is a Filipino media franchise. Encantadia may also refer to:
Encantadia (2005 TV series), a 2005 fantasy series produced by GMA Network
Encantadia (2016 TV series), a 2016 reboot/sequel series of the same title |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market%20equilibrium%20computation | Market equilibrium computation (also called competitive equilibrium computation or clearing-prices computation) is a computational problem in the intersection of economics and computer science. The input to this problem is a market, consisting of a set of resources and a set of agents. There are various kinds of markets, such as Fisher market and Arrow–Debreu market, with divisible or indivisible resources. The required output is a competitive equilibrium, consisting of a price-vector (a price for each resource), and an allocation (a resource-bundle for each agent), such that each agent gets the best bundle possible (for him) given the budget, and the market clears (all resources are allocated).
Market equilibrium computation is interesting due to the fact that a competitive equilibrium is always Pareto efficient. The special case of a Fisher market, in which all buyers have equal incomes, is particularly interesting, since in this setting a competitive equilibrium is also envy-free. Therefore, market equilibrium computation is a way to find an allocation which is both fair and efficient.
Definitions
The input to the market-equilibrium-computation consists of the following ingredients:
A set of resources with pre-specified supplies. The resources can be divisible (in which case, their supply is w.l.o.g. normalized to 1), or indivisible .
A bundle is represented by a vector , where is the quantity of resource . When resources are indivisible, all xj are integers; when resources are divisible, the xj can be arbitrarily real numbers (usually normalized to [0,1]).
A set of agents. For each agent, there is a preference relation over bundles, which can be represented by a utility function. The utility function of agent is denoted by .
An initial endowment for each agent.
In a Fisher market, the endowment is a budget of "fiat money" - a money that has no value outside the market, and thus does not enter the utility function. Since the agents come with money only, they are often called buyers.
In an Arrow–Debreu market, the endowment is an arbitrary bundle ; in this model, agents can be both buyers and sellers.
The required output should contain the following ingredients:
A price-vector ; a price for each resource. The price of a bundle is the sum of the prices of the resources in the, so the price of a bundle is .
An allocation - a bundle for each agent i.
The output should satisfy the following requirements:
The bundle should be affordable to i, that is, its price should be at most the price of agent i's endowment.
In a Fisher market, this means that .
In an Arrow-Debreu market, this means that .
The bundle should be in the demand set of i: , defined as the set of bundles maximizing the agent's utility among all affordable bundles (regardless of supply), e.g., in a Fisher market:
The market clears, i.e., all resources are allocated. The corresponding prices are called market-clearing prices.
A price and allocatio |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deborah%20Raji | Inioluwa Deborah Raji (born ) is a Nigerian-Canadian computer scientist and activist who works on algorithmic bias, AI accountability, and algorithmic auditing. Raji has previously worked with Joy Buolamwini, Timnit Gebru, and the Algorithmic Justice League on researching gender and racial bias in facial recognition technology. She has also worked with Google’s Ethical AI team and been a research fellow at the Partnership on AI and AI Now Institute at New York University working on how to operationalize ethical considerations in machine learning engineering practice. A current Mozilla fellow, she has been recognized by MIT Technology Review and Forbes as one of the world's top young innovators.
Early life and education
Raji was born in Port Harcourt, Nigeria and moved to Mississauga, Ontario when she was four years old. Eventually her family moved to Ottawa, Canada. She studied Engineering Science at the University of Toronto, graduating in 2019. In 2015, she founded Project Include, a nonprofit providing increased student access to engineering education, mentorship, and resources in low income and immigrant communities in the Greater Toronto Area.
Career and research
Raji worked with Joy Buolamwini at the MIT Media Lab and Algorithmic Justice League, where she audited commercial facial recognition technologies from Microsoft, Amazon, IBM, Face++, and Kairos. They found that these technologies were significantly less accurate for darker-skinned women than for white men. With support from other top AI researchers and increased public pressure and campaigning, their work led IBM and Amazon to agree to support facial recognition regulation and later halt the sale of their product to police for at least a year. Raji also interned at machine learning startup Clarifai, where she worked on a computer vision model for flagging images.
She participated in a research mentorship program at Google and worked with their Ethical AI team on creating model cards, a documentation framework for more transparent machine learning model reporting. She also co-led the development of internal auditing practices at Google. Her contributions at Google were separately presented and published at the AAAI conference and ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency.
In 2019, Raji was a summer research fellow at The Partnership on AI working on setting industry machine learning transparency standards and benchmarking norms. Raji was a Tech Fellow at the AI Now Institute worked on algorithmic and AI auditing. Currently, she is a fellow at the Mozilla Foundation researching algorithmic auditing and evaluation.
Raji's work on bias in facial recognition systems has been highlighted in the 2020 documentary Coded Bias directed by Shalini Kantayya.
Selected awards
2019 Venture Beat AI Innovations Award in category AI for Good (received with Joy Buolamwini and Timnit Gebru)
2020 MIT Technology Review 35 Under 35 Innovator Award
2020 EFF Pioneer Award (re |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GR%208%20%28path%29 | The , or GR 8 for short, is a long distance hiking trail on the French Atlantic coast. It is part of the Grande Randonnée network and runs from Saint-Brevin-les-Pins (Loire-Atlantique, France) on the south of the Loire estuary, opposite the large port city of Saint-Nazaire and currently terminates at Sare in the Atlantic Pyrenees.
Route
The path descends from the Côte de Jade of the Pays de Retz, through the Vendée and Charente-Maritime towards Royan, takes the ferry over the Gironde estuary and continues in the Gironde then the Landes, while following the Atlantic coast, before crossing the Adour further east, in Urt continuing south-west to Sare, the current trail head. There it joins the GR 10 which continues westward to Hendaye near the Spanish border and town of Irun and eastward through the Pyrénées-Atlantiques. The path therefore traverses six coastal administrative departments in two regions: Loire-Atlantique and Vendée in the Pays de Loire, and Charente-Maritime, Gironde, Landes and Pyrénées-Atlantiques in Nouvelle-Aquitaine.
Description
The GR 8 is the youngest of the ten main routes (GR 1 to GR 10) of the French hiking network and has not yet been completely demarcated. However, several small gaps in the route can be easily filled by using other walking routes, such as the GR 364 at Talmont-Saint-Hilaire, the GR 360 and the GR 4 between Rochefort and Royan, and the Way of Saint James (the ) south of the Gironde estuary.
In this latter area of Aquitaine, the GR 8 was almost completely defined and marked, but a number of private owners since prohibited the passage of GR walkers, so that a new route has to be found. In the vicinity of La Rochelle, hikers will have to find a suitable route for the time being.
The GR 8 is part of the E9 European long distance path linking Estonia with Portugal.
References
External links
Hiking trails in France
Geography of Loire-Atlantique
Geography of Vendée
Geography of Charente-Maritime
Geography of Gironde
Geography of Landes (department)
Geography of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Tourist attractions in Loire-Atlantique
Tourist attractions in Vendée
Tourist attractions in Charente-Maritime
Tourist attractions in Gironde
Tourist attractions in Landes (department)
Tourist attractions in Pyrénées-Atlantiques |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DWHQ | 98.1 AR FM (DWHQ 98.1 MHz) is an FM station owned by Hypersonic Broadcasting Center and operated by Mahalta Broadcasting Network and Media Services. Its studios and transmitter are located at 4th Floor, Delrol Building, National Highway, Brgy. Katwiran II, Baco, Oriental Mindoro.
References
External links
AR FM FB Page
Radio stations in Mindoro
Radio stations established in 2019 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penny%20Rheingans | Penny L. Rheingans is an American computer scientist specializing in information visualization, including methods for non-photorealistic rendering of volumetric data and for visualizing uncertainty in data. She is a professor of computer science at the University of Maine, where she directs the School of Computing and Information Science.
Education and career
Rheingans majored in computer science at Harvard University, graduating cum laude in 1985. She went to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for graduate study, completing her Ph.D. in computer science there in 1993. Her dissertation, Dynamic Explorations of Multiple Variables in a 2D Space, was supervised by Fred Brooks.
She became an assistant professor at the University of Mississippi in 1995, and moved to the University of Maryland, Baltimore County in 1998. She earned tenure as an associate professor there in 2003, and was promoted to full professor in 2009. Beginning in 2009, she also directed the university's Center for Women in Technology. In 2018 she moved to the University of Maine as director of the School of Computing and Information Science.
Recognition
In 2020, Rheingans was listed in the IEEE Visualization Academy by the IEEE Visualization and Graphics Technical Community.
References
External links
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American computer scientists
American women computer scientists
Harvard University alumni
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill alumni
University of Mississippi faculty
University of Maryland, Baltimore County faculty
American women academics
21st-century American women |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy%20New%20Jersey | Literacy New Jersey is an American nonprofit organization founded in 1979 based in Roselle, New Jersey, which coordinates a network of volunteers to promote literacy in the Garden State. It provides free language services to persons who are illiterate or who have difficulty reading, writing, and speaking English. It runs courses for GED test preparation, citizenship instruction, English as a second or foreign language, basic literary skills, computer and conversation classes for Adult Basic Education or ABE, one-on-one tutoring as well as the tutoring of small and large groups. In addition, it assists persons with learning disabilities and persons with limited educational opportunities. Low literate adults are persons learning English for the first time, or persons who have spoken English throughout their lives but who have difficulty reading or writing or speaking the language. According to a national report, 17 percent of the residents of New Jersey are "low-literate or functionally illiterate". Instruction is confidential in the sense that the organization does not reveal names of students to the public. Many of the students are immigrants from other countries. During the COVID-19 pandemic, volunteers have been teaching students via Zoom and phone.
The nonprofit taught 8,000 students in 2013 and coordinates 2,500 volunteers working with 18 local affiliates. Students range in age from 18 to the late 70s. Typically, teacher-volunteers meet with students in public locations, such as public libraries, for several hours each week.
While the official headquarters is in Metuchen, the administration's main office is in Roselle, and the organization has locations throughout the state in the counties of Burlington, Gloucester, Mercer, Middlesex, Ocean and Union. With affiliates, it is able to offer instruction throughout the state.
In 2014, eight literacy nonprofits, including Literacy Volunteers of Mercer County, were consolidated into one organization entitled Literacy New Jersey. The reason for the merger, according to chief executive officer Elizabeth Gloeggler, was to make the support program more "cohesive, effective, and efficient," and to consolidate administrative tasks so local managers can focus on teaching rather than administrative tasks. The organization has partnered with Literacy Volunteers of New Jersey and with business executives such as Roseann Lentin of Turn the Page Publishing as well as Goldman Sachs. It raises donations from the public as well as through gala-style fundraisers. It promotes donations and encourages volunteers and students with Readathon programs.
Literacy New Jersey trains volunteers to become tutors with a 15-hour training program. Tutors do not have to have a special background but must be 18 years or older, have a high school diploma or its equivalent, and take the training course which meets for three hours for five times during a five-week period. A liaison committee brings more experienced tutors and new |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metacypris | Metacypris is a genus of ostracods belonging to the family Limnocytheridae.
Species:
Metacypris cordata
References
Podocopida
Podocopida genera |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscow%20Federation%20of%20Anarchist%20Groups | The Moscow Federation of Anarchist Groups (MFAG) was a network of anarchist groups established in Moscow in 1917. They occupied the Merchants' House shortly after the February Revolution. They published Anarkhiia, weekly after its launch in September 1917 and then as a daily from March 1918. Following the October Revolution of November 1917, they were involved in the development of the Black Guards into a significant military force in Moscow. On 3 March 1918 the Bolsheviks signed the Brest-Litovsk Treaty, which precipitated a political crisis with their erstwhile allies amongst the Anarchists and Left Socialist Revolutionaries. On 12 April, 1918 the Bolshevik authorities moved against the Anarchists: 26 centres were raided in Moscow, forty anarchists were killed and over 500 were arrested.
Lev Chernyi was the secretary of MFAG.
References
1917 establishments in Russia
1918 disestablishments in Russia
Anarchist organizations in Russia
Organizations of the Russian Revolution
Organizations disestablished in 1918
Organizations established in 1917 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vedidkari | Vedidkari () is a village in Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti province of Western Georgia. The village is located in 15 kilometers from Martvili. According to the data of 2014, 713 people live in the village of Vedidkari. A small Jewish community existed in the village since the second half of 18th century.
Notable people
Soviet World War II bomber pilot Colonel Varlam Urdia was born in Vedidkari.
References
Populated places in Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti
Kutaisi Governorate |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Visual%20Novel%20Database | The Visual Novel Database (rendered as vndb or VNDB) is an online database, wiki and Internet forum for visual novels. As of 2019, the VNDB had catalogued a total of 24,000 visual novels, and its forum had reached 14,300 users. According to Electronic Gaming Monthly, VNDB was responsible for helping bring visual novels to an international audience. The site's mascot is Lasty Farson from Angelic Serenade.
Features
Database
VNDB contains records on approximately 24,000 different visual novels and is updated by registered members of the site. The database records information on characters in these visual novels, as well as their developers, their publishers, and their translators, both professional and amateur. The site can be navigated via browsing categories, filtering by criteria such as language, and viewing random pages.
Forum
VNDB has a public forum where registered members can converse, with each specific visual novel having a discussion page, as well as a section of the site dedicated to general discussion.
Watch list
VNDB can be used as a personal watch list, allowing users to make a wishlist, whitelist, or blacklist, and to mark their progress in a game as finished, abandoned, in progress, etc.
Ratings and reviews
VNDB functions as a review aggregator. The database aggregates ratings given to games by users, and displays score statistics and averages.
Beginning on 31 August 2020, users are now able to write and submit reviews of visual novels, both "mini reviews" and full reviews.
Rating scale
API
VNDB has a real-time public API for developers who want to interact with the database to, for example, retrieve information or automate tasks related to a personal watch list. The API uses the JSON format.
History
VNDB was created in September 2007 by yorhel (real name Yoran Heling). After completing Ever 17: The Out of Infinity, he noticed the absence of a community dedicated to visual novels, or a place to find more of them. yorhel created VNDB over the course of three weeks as a centralised place for people to find and discuss visual novels. One of the oldest games to be documented on the vndb was Lolita Yakyuuken, an eroge released in 1982 for the PC-88, which is also believed to be the first visual novel, however it was later deleted due to a lack of visual novel elements. Within a year, the vndb contained 1,000 visual novels.
References
Internet forums
Internet properties established in 2007
Wikis
Online game databases |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordan%20Harrod | Jordan Harrod (born July 10, 1996) is an American research scientist and YouTuber who works on neuroengineering, brain-machine interfaces, and machine learning for medicine. A current graduate student at Harvard and MIT, Harrod also runs a YouTube channel to educate the public about artificial intelligence. As of January 2023, her YouTube channel has over 84 thousand subscribers and her videos have over 2 million total views.
Early life and education
Harrod is from Montclair, New Jersey, where she attended Montclair High School, graduating in 2014. During high school, she was a member of the varsity fencing and tennis teams.
Harrod graduated from Cornell University in 2018 with a B.S. in Biomedical Engineering. During her undergraduate years, she spent one summer doing machine learning research for MRI reconstruction at Stanford University. She is currently a Ph.D. student and NSF Graduate Research Fellow in Harvard-MIT's Health Sciences and Technology program, where she studies using neuromodulation to understand pain and consciousness, and using neurotechnology and machine learning to develop new tools for brain stimulation. She primarily collaborates with anesthesiologist Emery Brown and neuroscientist Ed Boyden.
Harrod has been an invited public speaker at TEDxBeaconStreet, the WITI Women in Technology Summit, and Women Who Code Boston. Her TEDx talk discussed the importance of AI literacy. In 2020, she was featured by Built In as one of nine black women in data science to know.
YouTube career
Harrod's YouTube channel centers around topics and current events in artificial intelligence, AI ethics, and medical technology. She started her YouTube channel because she wasn't able to find a lot of educational resources that were geared towards the average person on how people interact with algorithms. Her most-watched video examines how AI proctors work and whether they can detect online exam cheating.
She is part of the Inquisitive Fellowship, an investment by Vsauce in educational creators on YouTube. In August 2020, AsapSCIENCE mentioned Harrod's channel in a video discussing diversity in science.
Popular YouTuber Tom Scott challenged Harrod to create a deepfake version of him on a budget of mere $100. In a collaboration video on his channel, Harrod succeeded to do so and also discussed the tech and dangers associated with deepfakes.
In October 2020, Harrod joined creator community Standard and started posting her videos to Nebula, a subscription-based video sharing platform, due to YouTube's strict algorithms. "There are definitely topics that I've come across that I think would be challenging to cover on YouTube," she explained to BBC. For example, if she created a video on how algorithms moderate hate speech online, YouTube's algorithms may flag that video's content as hate speech.
References
1996 births
Living people
American YouTubers
Cornell University alumni
Montclair High School (New Jersey) alumni
People from Montclair, New |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olav%20Aarna | Olav Aarna (born 4 November 1942, Tallinn) is an Estonian computer scientist, academic and politician. He was a member of X Riigikogu. Aarna was the rector of Tallinn University of Technology from 1991 until 2000, and the rector of the Estonian Business School from 2000 until 2003.
Aarna's father was oil shale chemist and university rector Agu Aarna. He has been a member of Res Publica Party.
References
Living people
1942 births
Estonian computer scientists
Res Publica Party politicians
Members of the Riigikogu, 2003–2007
Rectors of universities in Estonia
Tallinn University of Technology alumni
Academic staff of the Tallinn University of Technology
Recipients of the Order of the National Coat of Arms, 4th Class
Scientists from Tallinn
Politicians from Tallinn
Academics from Tallinn |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesse%20Thaler | Jesse Thaler is an American particle physicist who is a professor at the MIT Department of Physics. He was named director of the NSF Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Fundamental Interactions (IAIFI) upon its creation in August 2020.
Education and research
Thaler grew up in York, Maine, and attended high school at Phillips Exeter Academy, where he won the Cox Medal, an award for the top five in the graduating class. From 1998 to 2002, he pursued a physics major magna cum laude from Brown University, where he was a member of Phi Beta Kappa and a funk band. In 2006, Thaler earned a Ph.D. in physics from Harvard University under the supervision of Nima Arkani-Hamed. He went to Berkeley as a Miller Fellow before returning to New England to become a faculty member at the MIT Center for Theoretical Physics in 2010. He earned tenure in 2017 and was promoted to full professor in 2021.
Since 2020 Thaler is inaugural Director of the one of the inaugural NSF AI research institutes, the Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Fundamental Interactions, along with Deputy Director Mike Williams. IAIFI received $20 million in initial funding.
Thaler focuses on fusing "techniques from QFT and machine learning to address outstanding questions in fundamental physics." He has made major contributions towards understanding the substructure of jets, the large collections of particles that are produced when two high-energy particles collide with one another in an experiment like the LHC. Thaler applies machine learning techniques to understand and interpret the large quantities of data experimentalists collect about these cascades of particles, which in turn can both further physicists' knowledge about the Standard Model of particle physics and has the potential to shed light on new physics.
In addition to his collider physics work, Thaler also helped design a dark matter experiment, ABRACADABRA, that looks for axions and is currently in operation.
Teaching and Mentoring
Thaler has won multiple awards from MIT for his mentorship of students, including the Buechner Faculty Award for Undergraduate Advising (2013), the Buechner Faculty Award for Teaching (2014), and the Perkins Award for Excellence in Graduate Advising (2017), as well as the Certificate of Distinction for Excellence in Teaching from Harvard (2005). Many of his graduate students and postdocs have gone onto careers in academia, including as professors at MIT, UIUC, and the University of Michigan. His former undergraduate research advisees include three Marshall Scholars. Along with colleague Mike Williams, Thaler also created and co-chairs a new interdisciplinary PhD program in physics, statistics, and data science since 2020.
Filmography
Thaler appeared in the movie Particle Fever.
Awards
Fellow of the American Physical Society (2022)
Fermilab Distinguished Scholar (2020)
Simons Fellow in Theoretical Physics (2018)
Edgerton Faculty Achievement Award, MIT (2017)
Sloan Research Fello |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bashiru%20Aremu | Bashiru Aremu (born July 7, 1974) is a Nigerian academic and professor of computer science, Information and Communication Technology. He is the vice chancellor of Crown University International Chartered.
Early life and education
Bashiru Aremu was born on July 7, 1974, in Iwo's Ancient City in Osun State, Nigeria, West Africa. He holds two undergraduate degrees: a Bachelor of Science Degree in Computer Science with distinctions first class (2002) from Adam Smith University of America and a Bachelor of Technology Degree in Information Technology with distinctions first class (2003) from Business University of Costa Rica. He continued his study in Computer Science, Information and Technology and obtained a dual Doctor of Philosophy (PhD). He received a PhD in Computer Science (2007) from Adam Smith University in the US. In 2008 he also obtained a PhD in Information Technology from the Business University of Costa Rica, which was confirmed by the Federal Government of Nigeria through the Federal Ministry of Education, Evaluation and Accreditation Department as Internationally accredited in Costa Rica with Reference Number FME/S/174/C.2/A/111/206/4312. He obtained quadruple Post-Doctoral Degrees. Firstly, Post Doctorate Degree of Doctor of Science (2013), secondly Grand PhD in Information Technology (2014), both from the West Coast University, US. He obtained the third Post Doctorate Degree of Doctor (2015) from Maha Satra University of Satra Angor Institute, the kingdom of Cambodia. His research thesis was on General Examination of E-Business in the Modern World of Information Communication. In 2020 he did the fourth Post-Doctoral degree thesis and ad eundem Regular Higher Degree of Doctor of Science in Bioinformatics from Ballsbridge University at Roseau South Dominica, West Indies.
In 2023, he was awarded with an honorary Doctor Degree of Higher Education and International Relation from Royal University of the Kindom of Atlantis, Singapore.
Academic and career
In 2021, Aremu became the Vice-chancellor of The Crown University International Chartered Inc. He was appointed to hold various positions within the institution: Board of Trustees, Chartered Intl. Da Vinci University, the Vice-Chancellor and the Vice Chairman International Affairs of Board of Trustees, West Coast University at the United States of America Vice President International Affairs of Board of Trustees, Sastra Angkor University Kingdom of Cambodia at Asia, Deputy Director-General for Africa and Research Professor at International Biographical Centre, Cambridge, England at Europe, Grand Chancellor, Chartered World Order of Knights of Justice of Peace (worldwide) Grand President, International Chartered World Learned Society (worldwide) Grand President, Africa International Institute for Professional Training and Research Intl Chartered and Chairman Board of Peacebuilding and Human Development Centre. He was appointed as chief editor at Technoarete Transactions on Application of |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nightraiders | Nightraiders is a vertically scrolling shooter designed by Peter Filiberti and published in 1983 by Datamost for the Atari 8-bit home computer. The game is heavily inspired by the 1982 Sega arcade game Zaxxon.
Gameplay
The object of Nightraiders is to reach and destroy the enemy base. The player's ship can be moved back and forth along the bottom of the screen, firing laser cannons to destroy enemy tanks, bridges and other structures. The ship constantly consumes fuel, which can be replenished by shooting at alien fuel canisters. At the end of each stage is an alien base which must be destroyed to move to the next level.
Reception
The Addison-Wesley Book of Atari Software 1984 reviewer gave the game a poor rating (D) and found it dull with very little to hold interest. Vincent Puglia reviewed the game in the July 1984 issue of Electronic Games. He called it "a poor's man Zaxxon" with graphics below player expectations. He wrote, "perhaps the worst aspect of Nightraiders is the documentation," and even after reading it he was unclear what a fuel depot or even the enemy base looked like.
References
External links
Nightraiders at Atari Mania
1983 video games
Atari 8-bit family games
Atari_8-bit_family-only_games
Datamost games
Vertically scrolling shooters
Video games developed in the United States |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital%20platform%20%28infrastructure%29 | A digital platform is a software-based online infrastructure that facilitates interactions and transactions between users.
Digital platforms can act as data aggregators to help users navigate large amounts of information, as is the case with search engines; as matchmakers to enable transactions between users, as is the case with digital marketplaces; or as collaborative tools to support the development of new content, as is the case with online communities. Digital platforms can also combine several of these features, such as when a social media platform enables both searching for information and matchmaking between users.
Digital platforms can be more or less decentralized in their data architecture and can be governed based on more or less distributed decision-making.
Operations
Based on governance principles that can evolve over time, platforms shape how their users orchestrate digital resources to create social connections and perform market transactions. Digital platforms typically rely on big data stored in the cloud to perform algorithmic computations that facilitate user interactions. For instance, algorithms can be designed to analyze a user's historical preferences with the aim of providing targeted recommendations of new users with whom to connect or of new content likely to be of interest.
Platforms can be multisided, meaning that qualitatively different groups of users come to the platform to be matched with each other, such as buyers with sellers of goods, developers with users of applications, or consumers with advertisers. Digital platforms can thus act as catalogs, as marketplaces, as mediators, and as service providers, depending on their focus and the groups of users that they manage to attract. Platform operations are such that platform organizations “connect-and-coordinate” more often than they “command-and-control”.
Economic and social significance
Digital platforms orchestrate many aspects of our lives, from social interactions to consumption and mobility. That's why law and technology scholar Julie E. Cohen described the digital platform as "the core organizational form of the emerging informational economy" that can, in some circumstances, replace traditional markets.
While measuring the size of the platform economy in absolute terms is notably difficult due to methodological disagreements, there is consensus that revenues derived from digital platform transactions have been growing rapidly and steadily over the past twenty years, with the World Economic Forum estimating the growth to be 15-25% a year in emerging markets. As of October 5, 2020, the five most valuable corporations publicly listed in the U.S. were all primarily digital platform owners and operators (Apple, Microsoft, Amazon, Facebook, Alphabet) and so were the top two in China (Alibaba, Tencent).
Digital platforms also increasingly mediate the global labor markets as part of the so-called gig economy.
Competition between digital platforms
D |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danger%20Ranger | Danger Ranger is a non-scrolling platform game designed by Ken Kalish and published in 1983 by Microdeal for the Dragon 32/64 and TRS-80 Color Computer. The game was ported to the Atari 8-bit family and Commodore 64 by Rita Jay in 1984.
Gameplay
The objective of the game is to traverse two different screens. In the first screen, consisting of five floors, the player must jump between platforms, collecting all the keys while avoiding bats and bullets. After collecting the tenth key, the player moves on to the second screen, walking on platforms and collecting treasure chests while avoiding acid rain drops and shooting deadly masks.
Once both screens are completed, they are repeated at a higher difficulty level.
Reception
Dragon User reviewed the game in its April 1984 issue and stated that it is not Ken Kalish's best game, but it does show some originality. A reviewer for Games Computing found the Commodore 64 version to be "very difficult" in an October 1984 review.
References
External links
Danger Ranger at Atari Mania
Danger Ranger at Gamebase 64
1983 video games
Atari 8-bit family games
Commodore 64 games
Dragon 32 games
Med Systems Software games
Microdeal games
Platformers
TRS-80 Color Computer games
Video games developed in the United Kingdom |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botswana%20Fibre%20Networks | Botswana Fibre Networks (BOFINET) is the wholesale provider of national and international telecommunication infrastructure in Botswana formed in 2012 to focus on and improve the backbone network and internet infrastructure of Botswana.
History
Botswana Fibre Networks was formed in 2012 when the Government of Botswana repealed the Botswana Telecommunications Corporation Act to open the market to competition and as they were preparing BTC for initial public offering and to break its monopoly. As a result, the government established Botswana Fibre Networks (BoFiNet) to manage and operate long-distance transmission networks and become a provider to BTC, Mascom, Verbosec, Orange Botswana and other internet service providers. Some of BTC assets were transferred to BoFiNet to enable it to deliver on its mandate. BTC investment in EASSy and West Africa Cable System was transferred to Botswana Fibre Networks as part of the transition.
See also
Botswana Telecommunications Corporation
Mascom
Botswana Communications Regulatory Authority
References
External links
Official website
Internet service providers of Botswana
Telecommunications companies of Botswana |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transactional%20Records%20Access%20Clearinghouse | Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse (TRAC) is a nonprofit and nonpartisan data gathering, data research, and data distribution organization in the S. I. Newhouse School of Public Communications at Syracuse University.
TRAC collects big data from the federal agencies and maintains a databases of federal enforcement, staffing and financial data. TRAC also focuses on using the Freedom of Information Act to request such data. The FOIA Project is an initiative of TRAC that monitors federal agency FOIA decisions and practices.
Over the years, TRAC has been cited in hundreds of news articles.
History
TRAC was established in 1989 as a research center and was jointly sponsored by the S.I. Newhouse School of Public Communications and the Martin J. Whitman School of Management at Syracuse University. Susan Long, a statistics associate professor in Whitman School, and veteran New York Times reporter David Burnham served as the founding directors.
Barlett and Steele, who won the Pulitzer Prizes for their story on the Internal Revenue Service in 1975 and 1989, couldn’t get the data from IRS and received the data from Long & Burnham instead. This and other inquiries led Long to consider starting an organization dedicated to data collection and analysis.
The website was launched in 1996.
Research and publications
TRAC makes data available to the public through a variety of interactive data tools, user-generated reports, and original research reports. TRAC uses a variety of statistical techniques to verify data received from government agencies. Where possible, TRAC compares new data with prior data, other publicly available data, and data from other agencies to ensure consistency and accuracy. TRAC works with academic researchers to facilitate more sophisticated research projects. The data warehouse and the specialized data mining tools designed, created and maintained by TRAC are run on SAS software backend.
From its FOIA requests, TRAC adds more than 3 billion new records to its database annually (>250 million records per month). Furthermore more than 300,000 monthly records on civil and criminal proceedings are also obtained.
The TRAC website consists of various subsections that list data from specific government agencies and special projects. These sections include:
TRACFED offers compiled federal data concerning enforcement (Criminal, Civil, Administrative), staffing, and funding.
TRAC-FBI provides compiled data information about the FBI, including its staffing and criminal prosecution, enforcement activities and map and tables.
TRAC-IRS: Data collection from the IRS predates founding of TRAC.
TRAC-DEA, TRAC-DHS, TRAC-ATF track data related to the specified agencies.
TRAC-Immigration: TRAC Immigration website was launched in 2006 and contains immigration related written reports, one-click tool access to the latest monthly data on immigration enforcement, library of immigration reports by the Government Accountability Office, Congre |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann%20Majchrzak | Ann Majchrzak is an American academic. She is a Professor of Digital Innovation in the
Department of Data Sciences and Operations within the USC Marshall School of Business. Majchrzak holds the USC Associates Chair in Business Administration.
Awards
Association for Information Systems Fellow Award 2013 in recognition of her outstanding contributions to the information systems discipline in the areas of research, teaching and service
Lifetime Service Award, Organizational Communication and Information Systems Division, Academy of Management lifetime service award, 2015
Shaoul Foundation Research Fellow, The Mortimer and Rayner Sackler Institute of Advanced Studies, Tel Aviv University, 2016
Medal of Excellence, Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology 2019
Best Paper Award 2000, Management Information Systems Quarterly, Majchrzak, A., Rice, R.E., Malhotra, A, King, N., Ba, S. (2000) Technology adaptation: the case of a computer-supported inter-organizational virtual team. MIS Quarterly, 24 (4), 569–600.
Career and research
Majchrzak has held visiting appointments and/or fellowships at ESADE Business School, University Ramon Llull (Barcelona, Spain), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, LUISS Business School (Rome, Italy), and Simon Fraser University (Vancouver Canada) in the areas of Innovation and Organization.
Throughout her career she has served in editorial roles for the field's top journals. As examples, she served as a senior editor for Organization Science from 2004 to 2020 and Management Information Systems Quarterly from 2011 to 2014.
In 2020, she published the book, Unleashing the Crowd: Collaborative Solutions to Wicked Business Solutions and Societal Problems, with co-author, Arvind Malhotra.
Selected publications
Majchrzak, A., Rice, R. E., Malhotra, A., King, N., & Ba, S. (2000). Technology adaptation: The case of a computer-supported inter-organizational virtual team. MIS quarterly, 569-600.
Majchrzak, A., Faraj, S., Kane, G. C., & Azad, B. (2013). The contradictory influence of social media affordances on online communal knowledge sharing. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 19(1), 38-55. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12030
Majchrzak, A., Cooper, L. P., & Neece, O. E. (2004). Knowledge reuse for innovation. Management science, 50(2), 174-188. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1030.0116
References
External links
University of Southern California faculty
University of Paris alumni
Pitzer College alumni
University of California, Los Angeles alumni
American women academics
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
21st-century American women |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westpower | Westpower Limited is an electricity distribution business based in Greymouth, New Zealand. The company owns and operates the electricity distribution network in the Westland and Grey districts, and part of the Buller District. The company is wholly owned by the West Coast Electric Power Trust.
The company's distribution network consists of of lines, supplying electricity to approximately 13,700 customers. The network covers the towns of Reefton, Runanga, Greymouth, Hokitika, Ross, Franz Josef and Fox Glacier.
In August 2019 the company's proposed hydro project on the Waitaha River was denied a concession by the Department of Conservation.
Network statistics
References
External links
Electric power distribution network operators in New Zealand |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijn%20Heule | Marienus Johannes Hendrikus Heule (born March 12, 1979 at Rijnsburg, The Netherlands) is a Dutch computer scientist at Carnegie Mellon University who studies SAT solvers. Heule has used these solvers to resolve mathematical conjectures such as the Boolean Pythagorean triples problem, Schur's theorem number 5, and Keller's conjecture in dimension seven.
Career
Heule received a PhD at Delft University of Technology, in the Netherlands, in 2008. He was a research scientist, later a research assistant professor, at the University of Texas at Austin from 2012 to 2019. Since 2019, he has been an associate professor in the Computer Science Department at Carnegie Mellon University.
In May 2016 he, along with Oliver Kullmann and Victor W. Marek, used SAT solving to solve the Boolean Pythagorean triples problem. The statement of the theorem they proved isTo prove this theorem, the possible colorings of {1, ..., 7825} were divided into a trillion subcases using a heuristic. Each subclass was then solved a Boolean satisfiability solver. Creating the proof took about 4 CPU-years of computation over a period of two days on the Stampede supercomputer at the Texas Advanced Computing Center and generated a 200 terabyte propositional proof (which was compressed to 68 gigabytes in the form of the list of subcases used). The paper describing the proof was published in the SAT 2016 conference, where it won the best paper award. A $100 award that Ronald Graham originally offered for solving this problem in the 1980s was awarded to Heule.
He used SAT solving to prove that Schur number 5 was 160 in 2017. He proved Keller's conjecture in dimension seven in 2020.
In 2018, Heule and Scott Aaronson received funding from the National Science Foundation to apply SAT solving to the Collatz conjecture.
In 2023 together with Subercaseaux, he proved that the packing chromatic number of the infinite square grid is 15
See also
Computer-assisted proof#Applications
References
External links
Official website
Old official website at UT Austin
Dutch computer scientists
Delft University of Technology alumni
University of Texas at Austin faculty
Carnegie Mellon University faculty
1979 births
Living people |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihkel%20Kraav | Mihkel Kraav (born 9 February 1966 in Tartu) is an Estonian historian, data communications specialist and politician. He was a member of VII Riigikogu.
References
Living people
1966 births
20th-century Estonian historians
Estonian Royalist Party politicians
Members of the Riigikogu, 1992–1995
University of Tartu alumni
Academic staff of the University of Tartu
Politicians from Tartu
Writers from Tartu
21st-century Estonian historians |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantiacs | Quantiacs is a crowd-sourced quant platform hosting algorithmic trading contests and a marketplace serving investors and quants.
History
Quantiacs was founded in 2014.
The company has grown from a base of users of 6,500 quants in April 2017 to over 10,000 quants in January 2018.
Business model
The company invests some of its own money in the competition winners and aims to become a marketplace for automated trading systems. Quantiacs does not charge management fees to investors and assigns performance fees of 10% of the strategy net new profits to the quants who developed the systems.
The performance of the algorithms can be controlled on the Quantiacs website as their charts are publicly displayed.
The company focuses on quantitative strategies with long term performance horizons, highly scalable and with multiple years of backtested data. Algorithms are tested for at least 6 months to ensure their statistical robustness before being eligible for trading.
In December 2020 a study has used public data from Quantiacs to show how investors respond to the availability of new predictive signals.
Technology
Quantiacs provides an open-source backtester and it supported Matlab and Python until 2021. In 2021 it released a new version of its backtesting engine focused on Python. Users can work online or use a local version of the backtester for own design and testing of systems.
References
Crowdsourcing
American companies established in 2014 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithmic%20management | Algorithmic management is a term used to describe certain labor management practices in the contemporary digital economy. In scholarly uses, the term was initially coined in 2015 by Min Kyung Lee, Daniel Kusbit, Evan Metsky, and Laura Dabbish to describe the managerial role played by algorithms on the Uber and Lyft platforms, but has since been taken up by other scholars to describe more generally the managerial and organisational characteristics of platform economies. However, digital direction of labor was present in manufacturing already since the 1970s and algorithmic management is becoming increasingly widespread across a wide range of industries.
The concept of algorithmic management can be broadly defined as the delegation of managerial functions to algorithmic and automated systems. Algorithmic management has been enabled by recent advances in digital technologies which allow for the real-time and "large-scale collection of data" which is then used to "improve learning algorithms that carry out learning and control functions traditionally performed by managers".
In the contemporary workplace, firms employ an ecology of accounting devices, such as “rankings, lists, classifications, stars and other symbols’ in order to effectively manage their operations and create value without the need for traditional forms of hierarchical control.” Many of these devices fall under the label of what is called algorithmic management, and were first developed by companies operating in the sharing economy or gig economy, functioning as effective labor and cost cutting measures. The Data&Society explainer of the term, for example, describes algorithmic management as ‘a diverse set of technological tools and techniques that structure the conditions of work and remotely manage workforces. Data&Society also provides a list of five typical features of algorithmic management:
Prolific data collection and surveillance of workers through technology;
Real-time responsiveness to data that informs management decisions;
Automated or semi-automated decision-making;
Transfer of performance evaluations to rating systems or other metrics; and
The use of “nudges” and penalties to indirectly incentivize worker behaviors.
Proponents of algorithmic management claim that it “creates new employment opportunities, better and cheaper consumer services, transparency and fairness in parts of the labour market that are characterised by inefficiency, opacity and capricious human bosses.” On the other hand, critics of algorithmic management claim that the practice leads to several issues, especially as it impacts the employment status of workers managed by its new array of tools and techniques.
History of the term
“Algorithmic management” was first described by Lee, Kusbit, Metsky, and Dabbish in 2015 in their study of the Uber and Lyft platforms. In their study, Lee et al. termed “software algorithms that assume managerial functions and surrounding institutional devices |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ardo%20Ojasalu | Ardo Ojasalu (born 21 September 1964 Tallinn) is an Estonian computer engineer and politician. He was a member of VII Riigikogu.
References
Living people
1964 births
Members of the Riigikogu, 1992–1995
Social Democratic Party (Estonia) politicians
Tallinn University of Technology alumni
Politicians from Tallinn |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo%20Kouwenhoven | Leo Kouwenhoven (born ) is a Dutch physicist known for his research on quantum computing.
Kouwenhoven grew up in Pijnacker, a village near Delft, where his parents ran a farm. After losing the admission lottery for veterinary medicine he decided to study physics at Delft University of Technology (TU Delft).
In 1992 he received his PhD cum laude at TU Delft; his promoter was . In 1999 he became a professor at TU Delft. In 2007 he received the Spinoza Prize, the highest Dutch academic award. In April 2012 his TU Delft research group presented experimental results that provided potential "signatures" of Majorana fermion quasiparticles. These Majorana quasiparticles would be very stable, and therefore suitable for building a quantum computer.
In 2018 his research group claimed to have proved the definitive existence of Majorana particles in a Nature publication. However, the results could not be reproduced by other scientists, and the article had to be retracted in 2021 due to "insufficient scientific rigour".
The researchers had excluded data points that contradicted their claims, with the complete data not supporting their conclusions.
Personal life
Kouwenhoven has six sisters and is married to Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam professor Marleen Huysman.
References
Living people
1963 births
20th-century Dutch physicists
Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
Spinoza Prize winners
21st-century Dutch physicists
Delft University of Technology alumni
People from Pijnacker-Nootdorp
Academic staff of the Delft University of Technology |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmar%20P%C3%A4rtelpoeg | Ilmar Pärtelpoeg (24 Decemberr 1926 – 1 August 2013) is an Estonian ski jumper, economist, computer scientist, and politician. He was born Tallinn. Pärtelpoeg was a member of VII Riigikogu.
References
1926 births
2013 deaths
Members of the Riigikogu, 1992–1995
Estonian economists
Estonian male ski jumpers
Estonian computer scientists
Tallinn University of Technology alumni
Sportspeople from Tallinn
Politicians from Tallinn |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community%20Fridges%20Toronto | Community Fridges Toronto (CFTO) is a network of public fridges with free food run by volunteers in Toronto, Ontario, Canada with the intent of providing mutual aid to those in need, such as the homeless and people with food insecurity. The network was co-created by Jalil Bokhari and his friend Julian Bentivegna to help support the homeless population in the Alexandra Park neighborhood in Toronto. As of May 2022, there are eight CFTO fridges in Toronto.
In November 2020, CFTO was forced to remove one of their public fridges in the Parkdale neighborhood by the City of Toronto due to "public safety and accessibility concerns", citing the "abandoned appliance bylaw" meant to protect children "and sanitation issues related to stopping the spread of COVID-19." After the removal, the Parkdale community moved the fridge to another location.
References
Organizational theory
Mutualism (movement)
Social anarchism
Collectivism
Organizations based in Toronto
Socialism in Canada |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal%20access%20token | In computing, a personal access token (or PAT) is a string of characters that can be used to authenticate a user when accessing a computer system instead of the usual password. Though associated with a single account, multiple PATs may be created, and can be manipulated independently of the password associated with that account, including creation and revocation of PATs without altering the password. The PAT is usually generated automatically by the remote system — for example, as a string of 52 alphanumeric characters. Typically, permissions may also be adjusted for each PAT individually, allowing or restricting access to certain classes of data or functions on the remote system. These permissions can usually be adjusted only after authenticating with the password. This can be a useful form of delegation of authorization, for example, when creating programs that will access the remote system. The PAT will typically be stored in a location accessible to the program, and therefore not typically as secure as a password. If the program or PAT is compromised, the damage will be limited by the permissions available to that PAT, and the PAT itself can easily be revoked to prevent further exploitation.
References
Authentication methods |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flaviana%20Charles | Flaviana Bahati Charles is a Tanzanian lawyer and the executive director of Business and Human Rights Tanzania (BHRT). She is also an active member of the African Union's Network of African Women in Conflict Prevention and Mediation (FemWise-Africa). Charles serves as the Chairperson of the Coalition of Women Human Rights Defenders in Tanzania, and is the Secretary General of the African Bar Association (AFBA), which is the association of lawyers in Africa.
Early life
Flaviana Charles grew up as an orphan in Mtandika, Tanzania, a large village west of Dar es Salaam and east of Iringa, the district capital. The village is impoverished, relying on the sale of onions to passersby on the highway. The local order of Roman Catholic nuns, the Teresina Sisters, run the primary and trade schools, a hospital, a clinic, and an orphanage. The nuns are heavily dependent on overseas donations.
Charles was able to attend the Mtandika Trade School through a sponsorship grant, one of only ten students to do so. She was brought up by Sister Barberina Mhagala, the proctor of the trade school, which provides young girls who were unable to pursue secondary education with tailoring and sewing skills.
In 2002, Charles earned her Bachelor of Laws (LLB) from the University of Dar es Salaam. She went on to earn her master's degree in International Law and Human Rights in 2010 at Coventry University in England.
Career
After graduating, Charles went on to become a program officer at the Legal and Human Rights Centre in Tanzania, where she co-authored publications about gender equity in the extractive sector, community rights in investment, corporate social responsibility, and the right to a clean, healthy, and safe environment. Charles joined numerous organizations centered around law and human rights, including the Tanganyika Law Society (Continuing Legal Education Committee), East African Law Society, African Coalition for Corporate Accountability, Tanzania Women Lawyers Association, and Tanzania Human Rights Defenders Association. Additionally, Charles lectures at the University of Bagamoyo and the Law School of Tanzania, focusing on gender equity, community investment rights, right to clean, and corporate social responsibility.
Charles was formerly President of the public speaking and leadership-oriented Toastmasters Club, Tanzania branch, and Vice President of the Tanganyika Law Society (TLS), a bar association.
Charles is currently the chairperson of the Coalition of Women Human Rights in Tanzania, and the Secretary General of the African Bar Association (AFBA). She is an editor on the Developments in the Field Panel of the Business and Human Rights Journal at the Cambridge University Press.
Charles has commented on the impacts of oil and gas development on women and poor local communities, and the negligence of current legal frameworks that reinforce gender disparities.
References
Living people
21st-century Tanzanian lawyers
Tanzanian women lawyers
Year |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitty%20%28terminal%20emulator%29 | kitty is a free and open-source GPU-accelerated terminal emulator for Linux and macOS focused on performance and features. kitty is written in a mix of C and Python programming languages. It provides GPU support. kitty shares its name with another program — KiTTY — a fork of PuTTY for Microsoft Windows.
Features
Display images: when ImageMagick installed, add to .bashrc alias icat="kitty +kitten icat" and use as "icat me.webp"
Interactive Unicode characters input (), by name, code, recently used
Supports true color, text formatting features
Tiling of multiple windows and tabs
Single config file
Hyperlink clicks
Mouse support (for example in Vim)
Multiple copy/paste buffers like in Vim
References
Free terminal emulators
X Window programs
Free software programmed in Python
Free software programmed in C |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Walter%20Matthau%20performances | Walter Matthau was an American actor. He starred with Jack Lemmon in some films.
Filmography
Film
Source: Internet Movie Database and Turner Classic Movies
Television
Source: Internet Movie Database and Turner Classic Movies
Theatre
'''Source: Internet Broadway Database
External links
References
Male actor filmographies
American filmographies |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inputting%20Esperanto%20text%20on%20computers | There are a number of methods to input Esperanto letters and text on a computer, e.g. when using a word processor or email. Input methods depend on a computer's operating system. Specifically the characters ĵ, ĝ, ĉ, ĥ, ŭ, ŝ can be problematic.
All modern email clients and servers accept Unicode text as UTF-8 in at least one of the following Content-Transfer-Encoding types: 8bit, quoted-printable, or base64. Esperanto text will normally be transmitted in UTF-8 with a Content-Transfer-Encoding of either 8bit (if the server supports it) or (failing that) quoted-printable.
An Esperanto locale would use a and a as in 1234567,890. Time and date format among Esperantists is not standardized, but of course "internationally unambiguous" formats such as 2020-10-11 (or 11-okt-2020) are preferred when the date is not spelled out in full (e.g., "la 11-a de oktobro 2020").
References
The Esperanto alphabet is part of the Latin-3 and Unicode character sets, and is included in WGL4. The code points and HTML entities for the Esperanto characters not part of the ISO basic Latin alphabet are:
The code points and HTML entities for the English characters not used are:
Microsoft Windows
Adjusting a keyboard to type Unicode is relatively simple (all Windows variants of the Microsoft Windows NT family, such as 2000 and XP, for example, support Unicode; Windows 9x does not natively support Unicode).
The Canadian Multilingual Standard layout is preinstalled in MS Windows. The US international layout can type the circumflex over vowels, but needs to be modified to enable Esperanto letters. This can be done using Microsoft Keyboard Layout Creator or by using a layout provided for this purpose, e.g. EoKlavaro. EoKlavaro gives access also to many other European language characters.
Another more recent free download to adapt a Windows keyboard for Esperanto letters is Tajpi - Esperanto Keyboard for Windows 2000 / XP / Vista / 7 / 8 by Thomas James. As cons some configuration could suppress hotkeys, like Ctrl+W to close browser tab, it will type ŭ instead.
A simple and free utility with all the Esperanto keys already installed is called Esperanto keyboard layout for Microsoft Windows – (QWERTY version) this is available as a free download.
A similar tool is Ek, and is available without charge. You can download the keyboard by clicking on Instalilo: ek(version#)inst.exe. Ek uses the cx keying function to produce ĉ. It will work with most programs but there are some that it is not compatible with.
A commercial but still cheap tool is Šibboleth, a program that can produce every Latin character. It enables composition of ĝ etc. using the ^ deadkey (like for French letters), so one does not have to learn new key positions. The ŭ is produced by the combination u followed by #.
An "Esperanto-Internacia" or "Esperanto-International" keyboard is available that assigns the keys Q W X Y to and the sequences DY TX to .
If one wants to use a text editor that is Esperanto-com |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abeba%20Birhane | Abeba Birhane is an Ethiopian-born cognitive scientist who works at the intersection of complex adaptive systems, machine learning, algorithmic bias, and critical race studies. Birhane's work with Vinay Prabhu uncovered that large-scale image datasets commonly used to develop AI systems, including ImageNet and 80 Million Tiny Images, carried racist and misogynistic labels and offensive images. She has been recognized by VentureBeat as a top innovator in computer vision and named as one of the 100 most influential persons in AI 2023 by TIME magazine.
Early life and education
Birhane was born in Ethiopia. She received her Bachelors of Science in Psychology and a Bachelors of Arts in Philosophy from The Open University. In 2015, she completed her Master of Science in Cognitive Science and, in 2021, her Ph.D. at the Complex Software Lab in the School of Computer Science at University College Dublin.
Career and research
Birhane studied the impacts of emerging AI technologies and how they shape individuals and local communities. She found that AI algorithms tend to disproportionately impact vulnerable groups such as older workers, trans people, immigrants, and children. Her research on relational ethics won the best paper award at NeurIPS’s Black in AI workshop in 2019. She has also studied and written about algorithmic colonization. Her work in decolonizing computational sciences addressed the inherited oppressions in current systems especially towards women of color.
In 2020, Birhane and Vinay Prabhu, principal machine learning scientist at UnifyID, published a paper examining the problematic data collection, labelling, classification, and consequences of large image datasets. These datasets, including ImageNet and MIT's 80 Million Tiny Images, have been used to develop thousands of AI algorithms and systems. Birhane and Prabhu found that they contained many racist and misogynistic labels and slurs as well as offensive images. This resulted in MIT voluntarily and formally taking down the 80 Million Tiny Images dataset.
More recently, Birhane has worked with Rediet Abebe, George Obaido, and Sekou Remy on researching the barriers to data sharing in Africa. They found that power imbalances are significant in the data sharing process, even when the data comes from Africa. Their research was published at the ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency.
Selected awards
2019 NeurIPS Black in AI Workshop Best Paper Award
2020 Venture Beat AI Innovations Award in the category Computer Vision Innovation (received with Vinay Prabhu)
2021 100 Brilliant Women in AI Ethics Hall of Fame Honoree
2022 Lero Director’s Prize for PhD/PostDoctoral Contribution.
2023 100 Most Influential People in AI by TIME magazine
References
Living people
Artificial intelligence researchers
Machine learning researchers
20th-century Ethiopian women
Ethiopian women activists
Women computer scientists
Artificial intelligence ethicists
Cognitive scientists |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xmas%20Cyberpunk%2C%20or%20Christmas%20Night-117.DIR | Xmas Cyberpunk, or Christmas Night-117.DIR () is a short story by Victor Pelevin, published in 1996.
Plot
Cyberpunk literature, which emerged as a branch of science fiction, describes the symbiosis of man and machine, with the machine (and all the elements associated with it: cyberspace, virtual reality, artificial intelligence, cyborgs, biorotobots, etc.) necessarily winning.
To a certain extent, "Xmas Cyberpunk" can be seen as a remake of Turgenev's story "Mumu".
The story simulates a situation in which an entire city is put under the power of a computer for 24 hours. At the beginning of the story, the author refers the reader to computer reality. The Latin characters ".DIR" refer to the video file format Adobe Director Movie (a video that can be opened with the help of the Adobe Director program). In the case of Pelevin's story, the ending ".DIR" in the title serves as an unambiguous allusion to the fact that the text is to be taken as an internal computer file, rather than as a written text.
The story was written in the late 1990s, precisely at a time when the development of computer technology allowed the average user to interact successfully with a computer at a new level. With the advent of the operating system Windows-95, equipped with the now familiar graphical (rather than text, as was the DOS system) interface, the computer began to play an increasingly important role in the life of the individual and society as a whole.
The central event of the story is that the virus "PH-117.DIR" ("Christmas Night"), having infected the computer of the mayor of the fictional town of Petroplahovsk, for one day "took over" the management of the state and criminal structures of the town.
The computer, infected by the virus, appears as one of the main characters in the story. In this sense, the ending is telling, where the mayor Vanyukov, who considered the computer "a quite animate being," "bursting into his office and snatching a nickel-plated Beretta from his shoulder holster, pushed away the shrieking secretary and with fifteen 9mm bullets blew to pieces the magnificent Pentium-100 with a real Intel processor."
The events of the story take place on Christmas Eve. Traditionally, the poetry of fateful mysteries and horrors predominates in the Christmas texts. The fantastic element in the story is tied directly to the computer virus: a special mystery surrounds the story of the virus infecting the computer, the malicious program appears out of nowhere. The alleged author of the virus – engineer Gerasimov – had no way to transfer the virus to the Mayor's computer: "Gerasimov has never appeared at the Mayor's office, and it is extremely doubtful that he could have infected his computer with such a virus through the Internet".
Thus, the reader is entitled to assume that this is a consequence of the intervention of supernatural forces – a necessary condition for the unfolding of the plot of the Christmas story. The author likens the computer viru |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20causal%20mapping%20software | This is a list of causal mapping software.
Causal mapping software enables users to create and/or work with causal maps: qualitative networks of interconnected nodes in which each connection represents a causal link.
Software and services for concept mapping can also be used for causal mapping if they allow the creation of directed links. They are only included here if they include any additional features specifically useful for causal mapping, such as:
Calculation / simulation of downstream causal effects
Ability to distinguish between different sources of evidence for individual links
Ability to create causal links on the basis of highlighted passages of source text
Causal mapping software
References |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causal%20map | A causal map can be defined as a network consisting of links or arcs between nodes or factors, such that a link between C and E means, in some sense, that someone believes or claims C has or had some causal influence on E.
This definition could cover diagrams representing causal connections between variables which are measured in a strictly quantitative way and would therefore also include closely related statistical models like Structural Equation Models and Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs). However the phrase “causal map” is usually reserved for qualitative or merely semi-quantitative maps. In this sense, causal maps can be seen as a type of concept map. Systems diagrams and Fuzzy Cognitive Maps also fall under this definition. Causal maps have been used since the 1970’s by researchers and practitioners in a range of disciplines from management science to ecology, employing a variety of methods. They are used for many purposes, for example:
As sketch diagrams to summarise causal links
As tools to understand how decisions are made
As tools to assist strategic planning
As tools to form and represent a consensus of expert views on “what causes what” in a subject area
As tools to investigate the differences in how different subjects view causal links in a subject area
As a way to encode the separate views of many different respondents on “what causes what” in a subject area
To represent “theories of change” and “program theory” in project management and evaluation
Different kinds of causal maps can be distinguished particularly by the kind of information which can be encoded by the links and nodes. One important distinction is to what extent the links are intended to encode causation or (somebody’s) belief about causation.
Causal mapping
Causal mapping is the process of constructing, summarising and drawing inferences from a causal map, and more broadly can refer to sets of techniques for doing this. While one group of such methods is actually called “causal mapping”, there are many similar methods which go by a wide variety of names.
The phrase “causal mapping” goes back at least to Robert Axelrod, based in turn on Kelly’s personal construct theory . The idea of wanting to understand the behaviour of actors in terms of internal ‘maps’ of the word which they carry around with them goes back further, to Kurt Lewin and the field theorists. Causal mapping in this sense is loosely based on "concept mapping" and “cognitive mapping”, and sometimes the three terms are used interchangeably, though the latter two are usually understood to be broader, including maps in which the links between factors are not necessarily causal and are therefore not causal maps.
Literature on the theory and practice of causal mapping includes a few canonical works as well as book-length interdisciplinary overviews, and guides to particular approaches.
Cause–effect graph
In software testing, a cause–effect graph is a directed graph that maps a set of c |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20Nations%20Digital%20Library | The United Nations Digital Library is a primary bibliographic database of the United Nations established in 1979. It consists the UN and non-UN documents and publications documented by the Dag Hammarskjold Library in six languages, such as Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish. However, it uses English for file language. It uses Secure Electronic Transmission Permitted communication protocol and is the only digital library of the UN.
The database is regularly updated with the records of the UN General Assembly, Security Council, and the United Nations Economic and Social Council. All hyperlinks are connected to the United Nations Official Document System (ODS) for obtaining access to password-free documents, including speech references.
It has maintained a record in digital format from 1982 to present century on various subjects, including voting, bibliographic files, speeches files, full text UN resolutions, document series symbol, UNBIS thesaurus (dictionary or encyclopedia), and name authorities.
Features
It provides linked data related to a document within database text. A user may obtain information by applying a search filter to UN agencies, bodies, and type of document in English language. It also provides new content alerts (notifications). Search by publication date functionalities are also available while looking for a document.
Documents
It consists metadata of about 1 million available in 6 languages. It digitalise thousands of publications annually focused on various types, including resolutions, reports of secretary-general, "meeting records, annual reports, agendas, lists of participants, statistical data sets, and policy papers".
References
United Nations documents
1979 establishments
Swiss digital libraries |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judith%20Gersting | Judith Lee MacKenzie Gersting (born August 20, 1940) is an American mathematician, computer scientist, and textbook author. She is a professor emerita of computer science at Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis and at the University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo.
Education and career
Gersting graduated from Stetson University in 1962, and completed a Ph.D. in mathematics in 1969 at Arizona State University. Her dissertation, Some Results on -Regressive Isols, concerned recursive function theory and was supervised by Matt Hassett.
After holding a faculty position in the department of mathematical sciences at Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) for ten years, and becoming a full professor there, she spent a year at the University of Central Florida before returning to IUPUI in 1981 as professor of mathematics and acting chair of the department of computer and information science. She came to the University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo in 1990, and chaired the computer science department there for many years. After retiring from the University of Hawaiʻi, she became a part-time faculty member at IUPUI, before retiring from there as well.
Books
Gersting's books include:
Abstract Algebra: A First Look (with Joseph E. Kuczkowski, Marcel Dekker, 1977)
The Metric System (with Elaine V. Alton, Cummings, 1977)
Yes–No; Stop–Go: Some Patterns in Mathematical Logic (with Joseph E. Kuczkowski and Don Madden, Crowell, 1977)
Mathematical Structures for Computer Science (W. H. Freeman, 1982; 7th ed., 2014)
Technical Calculus with Analytic Geometry (Wadsworth, 1984; Dover, 1992)
The Computer: History, Workings, Uses & Limitations (with Michael C. Gemignani, Ardsley House, 1988)
The Programming Process with Pascal (West Publishing, 1989)
Invitation to Computer Science (with G. Michael Schneider, West Publishing, 1995; 8th ed., Cengage, 2018)
Visual Basic Programming: A Laboratory Approach (Computer Science Press, 1996)
With Henry M. Walker, she was co-chair and co-editor of the annual symposium on computer science education of SIGCSE in 2002.
Recognition
The University of Hawaii system awarded Gersting the Regents’ Excellence in Teaching Award in 2006.
References
1940 births
Living people
20th-century American mathematicians
American women mathematicians
American computer scientists
American women computer scientists
Computer science educators
Stetson University alumni
Arizona State University alumni
Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis faculty
University of Central Florida faculty
University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo faculty
20th-century American women
American textbook writers
21st-century American women |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yannis%20Smaragdakis | Yannis Smaragdakis (; born 31 March 1972) is a Greek-American software engineer, computer programmer, and researcher. He is a professor in the Department of Informatics and Telecommunications at the University of Athens. He is the author of more than 130 research articles on a variety of topics, including program analysis, declarative languages, program generators, language design, and concurrency. He is best known for work in program generation and program analysis (including the monograph “Pointer Analysis”) and the Doop framework.
Work
Smaragdakis earned a B.S. in Computer Science from the University of Crete (1993) and an M.S and Ph.D. in computer science from the University of Texas at Austin (1995, 1999), where he studied under Don Batory.
He has worked as an associate professor at the University of Massachusetts Amherst and the University of Oregon, and as an assistant professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology.
Since 2010, he has worked as a professor in the Department of Informatics at the University of Athens.
Smaragdakis is best known for work in program generation and program analysis, including Ethereum smart contract analysis. He is the co-author with George Balatsouras of the book Pointer Analysis (Foundations and Trends in Programming Languages).
In 2021, Smaragdakis partnered with security engineer Neville Grech to found Dedaub Ltd, a computer company specializing in security and audits of smart contracts and decentralized finance (DeFi).
Awards and honors
Smaragdakis has been the recipient of the following awards and honors:
2020 Communications of the ACM Research Highlight for "MadMax: Analyzing the Out-of-Gas World of Smart Contracts"
General Chair of the SPLASH'19 (Systems, Programming, Languages, and Applications: Software for Humanity) conference
Distinguished Paper Award at OOPSLA'18 and ACM SIGPLAN Research Highlight for "MadMax: Surviving Out-of-Gas Conditions in Ethereum Smart Contracts"
Distinguished Paper Award at European Conference on Object Oriented Programming: ECOOP'18 for "Defensive Points-To Analysis: Effective Soundness via Laziness"
Member of ACM SIGPLAN Executive Committee, 2015-2018
Program Committee Chair of the OOPSLA'16 Conference
Distinguished Artifact Award at OOPSLA'15 for "Automating Ad Hoc Data Representation Transformations"
European Research Council Consolidator Grant in 2012
Best Paper Award at (ACM's SIGSOFT International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis) ISSTA'12 for “Residual Investigation: Predictive and Precise Bug Detection”
Best Paper Award at (IEEE/ACM's international conference on Automated software engineering) ASE'07 for “Scalable Automatic Test Data Generation from Modeling Diagrams”
Best Paper Award at (ACM's SIGSOFT International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis) ISSTA'06 for “DSD-Crasher: A Hybrid Analysis Tool for Bug Finding”
Best Paper Award at (ACM's International Conference on Generative Programming: Concepts & Experiences) GPCE’04 for “Generating |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional%20Pareto%20efficiency | In economics and computer science, Fractional Pareto efficiency or Fractional Pareto optimality (fPO) is a variant of Pareto efficiency used in the setting of fair allocation of discrete objects. An allocation of objects is called discrete if each item is wholly allocated to a single agent; it is called fractional if some objects are split among two or more agents. A discrete allocation is called Pareto-efficient (PO) if it is not Pareto-dominated by any discrete allocation; it is called fractionally Pareto-efficient (fPO) if it is not Pareto-dominated by any discrete or fractional allocation. So fPO is a stronger requirement than PO: every fPO allocation is PO, but not every PO allocation is fPO.
Formal definitions
There is a set of n agents and a set of m objects. An allocation is determined by an n-by-m matrix z, where each element z[i,o] is a real number between 0 and 1. It represents the fraction that agent i gets from object o. For every object o, the sum of all elements in column o equals 1, since the entire object is allocated.
An allocation is called discrete or integral if all its elements z[i,o] are either 0 or 1; that is, each object is allocated entirely to a single agent.
An allocation y is called a Pareto improvement of an allocation z, if the utility of all agents in y is at least as large as in z, and the utility of some agents in y is strictly larger than in z. In this case, we also say that y Pareto-dominates z.
If an allocation z is not Pareto-dominated by any discrete allocation, then it is called discrete Pareto-efficient, or simply Pareto-efficient (usually abbreviated PO).
If z is not Pareto-dominated by any allocation at all - whether discrete or fractional - then it is called fractionally Pareto-efficient (usually abbreviated fPO).
Examples
PO does not imply fPO
Suppose there are two agents and two items. Alice values the items at 3, 2 and George values them at 4, 1. Let z be the allocation giving the first item to Alice and the second to George. The utility profile of z is (3,1).
z is (discrete) Pareto-efficient. To see this, consider the other possible discrete allocations: their utility profiles are (7,0) or (0,3) or (2,4). In any case, the utility of at least one agent is smaller, so no discrete allocation dominates z.
However, z is not fractionally-Pareto-efficient. It is dominated by the allocation y giving to Alice 1/2 of the first item and the whole second item, and the other 1/2 of the first item to George; the utility profile of y is (3.5, 2), so it gives a higher utility to both agents.
The price of fPO
The following example shows the "price" of fPO. The integral allocation maximizing the product of utilities (also called the Nash welfare) is PE but not fPO. Moreover, the product of utilities in any fPO allocation is at most 1/3 of the maximum product. There are five goods {h1,h2,g1,g2,g3} and 3 agents with the following values (where C is a large constant and d is a small positive constant):
A |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021%20Microsoft%20Exchange%20Server%20data%20breach | A global wave of cyberattacks and data breaches began in January 2021 after four zero-day exploits were discovered in on-premises Microsoft Exchange Servers, giving attackers full access to user emails and passwords on affected servers, administrator privileges on the server, and access to connected devices on the same network. Attackers typically install a backdoor that allows the attacker full access to impacted servers even if the server is later updated to no longer be vulnerable to the original exploits. , it was estimated that 250,000 servers fell victim to the attacks, including servers belonging to around 30,000 organizations in the United States, 7,000 servers in the United Kingdom, as well as the European Banking Authority, the Norwegian Parliament, and Chile's Commission for the Financial Market (CMF).
On 2 March 2021, Microsoft released updates for Microsoft Exchange Server 2010, 2013, 2016 and 2019 to patch the exploit; this does not retroactively undo damage or remove any backdoors installed by attackers. Small and medium businesses, local institutions, and local governments are known to be the primary victims of the attack, as they often have smaller budgets to secure against cyber threats and typically outsource IT services to local providers that do not have the expertise to deal with cyber attacks.
On 12 March 2021, Microsoft announced the discovery of "a new family of ransomware" being deployed to servers initially infected, encrypting all files, making the server inoperable and demanding payment to reverse the damage. On 22 March 2021, Microsoft announced that in 92% of Exchange servers the exploit has been either patched or mitigated.
Background
Microsoft Exchange is considered a high-value target for hackers looking to penetrate business networks, as it is email server software, and, according to Microsoft, it provides "a unique environment that could allow attackers to perform various tasks using the same built-in tools or scripts that admins use for maintenance." In the past, Microsoft Exchange has been attacked by multiple nation-state groups.
On 5 January 2021, security testing company DEVCORE made the earliest known report of the vulnerability to Microsoft, which Microsoft verified on 8 January. The first breach of a Microsoft Exchange Server instance was observed by cybersecurity company Volexity on 6 January 2021. By the end of January, Volexity had observed a breach allowing attackers to spy on two of their customers, and alerted Microsoft to the vulnerability. After Microsoft was alerted of the breach, Volexity noted the hackers became less stealthy in anticipation of a patch.
On 2 March 2021, another cybersecurity company, ESET, wrote that they were observing multiple attackers besides Hafnium exploiting the vulnerabilities. Wired reported on 10 March that now that the vulnerability had been patched, many more attackers were going to reverse engineer the fix to exploit still-vulnerable servers. Analysts at tw |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Stan%20original%20programming | Stan is an Australian subscription video streaming service owned by Nine Entertainment Co. Initially a joint venture between Nine Entertainment Co. and Fairfax Media, Stan launched on 26 January 2015. Nine Entertainment acquired Fairfax Media in 2018, making Stan a wholly owned subsidiary of Nine Digital. Stan announced its first commissioned series, No Activity, on 1 May 2015, which later premiered on 22 October 2015.
Original programming
Drama
Comedy
Unscripted
Docuseries
Reality
Co-productions
These shows have been commissioned by Stan with an international partner.
Continuations
These shows have been picked up by Stan for additional seasons after having previous seasons on another network.
Specials
These programs are one-time events related to other series.
Exclusive international distribution
These shows have been acquired by Stan for exclusive release within Australia and are marketed as original series, unlike most exclusively distributed content which is branded under a separate "only on Stan" banner.
Original films
Feature films
Documentaries
All current feature-length documentaries are released under the Revealed banner, produced in collaboration with other Nine Entertainment publications.
Stand-up comedy specials
All current feature-length specials were filmed as part of "One Night Stan", a comedy festival hosted by the streaming service.
Upcoming original programming
Drama
Co-productions
These shows have been commissioned by Stan with an international partner.
Upcoming original films
Documentaries
Notes
References
Stan |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithmic%20radicalization | Algorithmic radicalization is the concept that algorithms on popular social media sites such as YouTube and Facebook drive users toward progressively more extreme content over time, leading to them developing radicalized extremist political views. Algorithms record user interactions, from likes/dislikes to amount of time spent on posts, to generate endless media aimed to keep users engaged. Through echo chamber channels, the consumer is driven to be more polarized through preferences in media and self-confirmation.
Algorithmic radicalization remains a controversial phenomenon as it is often not in the best interest of social media companies to remove echo chamber channels. Though social media companies have admitted to algorithmic radicalization's existence, it remains unclear how each will manage this growing threat.
Social media echo chambers and filter bubbles
Social media platforms learn the interests and likes of the user to modify their experiences in their feed to keep them engaged and scrolling. An echo chamber is formed when users come across beliefs that magnify or reinforce their thoughts and form a group of like-minded users in a closed system. The issue with echo chambers is that it spreads information without any opposing beliefs and can possibly lead to confirmation bias. According to a group polarization theory, an echo chamber can potentially lead users and groups towards more extreme radicalized positions. According to the National Library of Medicine, "Users online tend to prefer information adhering to their worldviews, ignore dissenting information, and form polarized groups around shared narratives. Furthermore, when polarization is high, misinformation quickly proliferates"
Facebook's algorithms
Facebook's algorithm focuses on recommending content that makes the user want to interact. They rank content by prioritizing popular posts by friends, viral content, and sometimes divisive content. Each feed is personalized to the user's specific interests which can sometimes lead users towards an echo chamber of troublesome content. Users can find their list of interests the algorithm uses by going to the "Your ad Preferences page. According to a Pew Research study, 74% of Facebook users did not know that list existed until they were directed towards that page in the study. It is also relatively common for Facebook to assign political labels to their users. In recent years, Facebook has started using artificial intelligence to change the content users see in their feed and what is recommended to them. A document known as The Facebook Files, has revealed that their AI system prioritizes user engagement over everything else. The Facebook Files has also demonstrated that controlling the AI systems has proven difficult to handle.
Facebook's allegations
In an August 2019 internal memo leaked in 2021, Facebook has admitted that "the mechanics of our platforms are not neutral", concluding that in order to reach maximum profits, opt |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium%20%28group%29 | Hafnium (sometimes styled HAFNIUM) is a cyber espionage group, sometimes known as an advanced persistent threat, with alleged ties to the Chinese government. Hafnium is closely connected to APT40.
2021 Microsoft Exchange Server data breach
Microsoft named Hafnium as the group responsible for the 2021 Microsoft Exchange Server data breach, and alleged they were "state-sponsored and operating out of China". According to Microsoft, they are based in China but primarily use United States-based virtual private servers, and have targeted "infectious disease researchers, law firms, higher education institutions, defense contractors, policy think tanks and NGOs".
In July 2021, UK foreign secretary Dominic Raab said the attack had been performed by "Chinese state-backed groups" linked to the Ministry of State Security (MSS). The Chinese government has denied responsibility for the 2021 Microsoft breach.
The name "Hafnium" was assigned to the group by Microsoft, which publicly disclosed the group's activity on March 2, 2021. Microsoft described the group as "highly skilled and sophisticated". Hafnium is closely connected to APT40.
2022 Tarrask Malware
Hafnium was linked to the creation of Tarrask, a defense evasion malware used on previous attacks. The malware was used on telecommunications, Internet service providers, and data service companies from August 2021 to February 2022. The malware uses scheduled task abuse to hide payloads delivered to servers.
Capabilities
In March 2021, it was reported the group had access to the China Chopper web shell, which it has used in the 2021 Microsoft Exchange Server data breach to control hacked servers.
See also
Cyberwarfare by China
Red Apollo
References
Chinese advanced persistent threat groups
Hacking in the 2020s
Information technology in China |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20L.%20Volakis | John L. Volakis (Greek: Ιωάννης Λ. Βολάκης) is an American engineer, educator and writer. He is the Dean of the College of Engineering and Computing at Florida International University (FIU). He was born in Chios, Greece on May 13, 1956, and immigrated to the United States in 1973. He is an IEEE, ACES, AAAS and NAI Fellow and a recipient of the URSI Gold Medal. He served as the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society President (2004), and as chair and Vice Chair of the International Radio Science Union (URSI), Commission B (2017-2023).
He carried out innovations and research on diffraction theory, antennas, medical sensing, computational methods, electromagnetic compatibility and interference, propagation, design optimization, Radio Frequency (RF) materials and metamaterials, Radio Frequency Identifications (RFIDs), millimeter waves and terahertz, body-worn wireless technologies, and multi-physics engineering.
Early life
John (Ioannis) Volakis was born on 13 May 1956 in Chios, Greece. He grew up in the small farming village of Olympi, part of the mastic villages located south of the island of Chios. During his early years, he enjoyed working in olive groves, wheat fields and the unique mastic trees of the region. When 12 years old, he moved to the city of Chios to attend the historic 1st gymnasium (now 1st lyceum). He immigrated to the United States in 1973, and after spending a few months in the Warren G. Harding High School to acquire a working knowledge of the English language, he went on to pursue his childhood dream of becoming an electrical engineer.
Education and Career
John Volakis received his M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees from The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH in 1979 and 1982, respectively. He obtained his bachelor's degree from Youngstown State University in 1978 Summa Cum Laude. He started his career at Rockwell International-North American Aircraft Operations (1982–1984), now Boeing Integrated Defense Systems. In 1984, he was appointed assistant professor at The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, becoming a full Professor in 1994. He also served as the Director of the Radiation Laboratory from 1998 to 2000. From January 2003 to August 2017, he was the Roy and Lois Chope Chair Professor of Engineering at The Ohio State University (OSU) and served as the Director of the ElectroScience Laboratory (2003-2016). Since August 2017, he is the Dean of the College of Engineering and Computing at Florida International University (FIU) and a professor at the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering.
Volakis is the author of 8 books, including the Antenna Handbook, which is referred to as the “antenna bible,” a key book on finite element methods, small antennas, integral equations methods, and wearable electronics. He has also mentored nearly 100 doctoral candidates and postdoctoral researchers and has co-written 43 papers that were recipient of best paper awards. Volakis' research team is recognized for introducing and/or developi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shutdown%20of%20Sky%20Global | Sky Global was a communications network and service provider founded in 2008 in Vancouver, Canada. It developed the world's largest encrypted messaging network called Sky ECC, operating through three servers of the OVHcloud company in Roubaix, France. A significant share of the system's users were international crime organizations involved in drug trafficking, and the company management was suspected of collusion.
In a series of police raids against criminal organizations in several countries in early 2021, a part of Sky's infrastructure in Western Europe was dismantled, and US Department of Justice issued an arrest warrant against the company's CEO Jean-François Eap. On March 19, 2021, the company apparently shut down the operations after BlackBerry, Inc. cut it off from its services. Its website has been seized by the FBI.
Background
Sky Global was founded in 2008 by Jean-François Eap, in Vancouver, Canada.
The company provided Sky ECC, a subscription-based end-to-end encrypted messaging application. Originally developed for the BlackBerry platform, it uses elliptic-curve cryptography (ECC) for encryption. One of its features was "self-destruction" of messages after a user-defined expiration period. The company modified Nokia, Google, Apple and BlackBerry phones. Phones supplied by the company had cameras, microphones and GPS disabled. If a phone was not contactable by the network, the message would be retained for up to 48 hours, then deleted. The phones had a kill switch: if a user entered a "panic" password, the device would delete its contents. The company website offered a US$4 million (€3.2 million Euro) prize to anyone who could break the encryption within 90 days. They support Android, BlackBerry and iPhone apps.
Messages were stored using 512-bit elliptic-curve cryptography and network connections are protected by 2048 bit SSL.
171,000 SKY ECC devices were registered, mainly in Europe, North America, several central and South American countries – mainly Colombia – and the Middle East. A quarter of active users were in Belgium (6,000) and the Netherlands (12,000), and half of those were said to be in use around the port of Antwerp.
Raids
On 9 March 2021 around 16:00 Belgian police carried out about 200 raids, arrested 48 people and seized €1.2 million in cash along with 17 tonnes of cocaine. Those arrested included lawyers and members of the Hells Angels, serving police officers, an employee of the public prosecutor's office, civil servants, tax officials and hospital administrators suspected of providing information to the gangs, as well as people suspected of gang-related violence.
Belgian federal prosecutor said that "The operation was concentrated on taking down the Sky ECC infrastructure, dismantling the distribution network and seizing the criminal assets of the distributors" and "as many Sky ECC devices as possible" were seized from identified users. The federal prosecutor said about the encryption that "We succeeded. W |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svetlana%20Lazebnik | Svetlana Lazebnik (born 1979) is a Ukrainian-American researcher in computer vision who works as a professor of computer science and Willett Faculty Scholar at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. Her research involves interactions between image understanding and natural language processing, including the automated captioning of images, and the development of a benchmark database of textually grounded images.
Education and career
Lazebnik was born in Kyiv in 1979 to a family of Ukrainian Jews, and emigrated with her family to the US as a teenager. She majored in computer science at DePaul University, minoring in mathematics and graduating with the highest honors in 2000. She completed her Ph.D. in 2006 at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, with the dissertation Local, Semi-Local and Global Models for Texture, Object and Scene Recognition supervised by Jean Ponce.
After postdoctoral research at the University of Illinois, she became an assistant professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 2007. She returned to the University of Illinois as a faculty member in 2012.
She is a co-editor-in-chief of the International Journal of Computer Vision.
Recognition
Lazebnik was named an IEEE Fellow in 2021, "for contributions to computer vision".
With Cordelia Schmid and Jean Ponce, she won the Longuet-Higgins Prize in 2016 for the best work in computer vision from ten years earlier, for their work on spatial pyramid matching.
References
External links
Home page
1979 births
Living people
Ukrainian emigrants to the United States
American people of Ukrainian-Jewish descent
Scientists from Kyiv
American women computer scientists
American computer scientists
Ukrainian women computer scientists
Computer vision researchers
DePaul University alumni
Grainger College of Engineering alumni
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill faculty
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign faculty
Fellow Members of the IEEE
Natural language processing researchers
American women academics
21st-century American women scientists
21st-century Ukrainian women scientists |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow-based%20generative%20model | A flow-based generative model is a generative model used in machine learning that explicitly models a probability distribution by leveraging normalizing flow, which is a statistical method using the change-of-variable law of probabilities to transform a simple distribution into a complex one.
The direct modeling of likelihood provides many advantages. For example, the negative log-likelihood can be directly computed and minimized as the loss function. Additionally, novel samples can be generated by sampling from the initial distribution, and applying the flow transformation.
In contrast, many alternative generative modeling methods such as variational autoencoder (VAE) and generative adversarial network do not explicitly represent the likelihood function.
Method
Let be a (possibly multivariate) random variable with distribution .
For , let be a sequence of random variables transformed from . The functions should be invertible, i.e. the inverse function exists. The final output models the target distribution.
The log likelihood of is (see derivation):
To efficiently compute the log likelihood, the functions should be 1. easy to invert, and 2. easy to compute the determinant of its Jacobian. In practice, the functions are modeled using deep neural networks, and are trained to minimize the negative log-likelihood of data samples from the target distribution. These architectures are usually designed such that only the forward pass of the neural network is required in both the inverse and the Jacobian determinant calculations. Examples of such architectures include NICE, RealNVP, and Glow.
Derivation of log likelihood
Consider and . Note that .
By the change of variable formula, the distribution of is:
Where is the determinant of the Jacobian matrix of .
By the inverse function theorem:
By the identity (where is an invertible matrix), we have:
The log likelihood is thus:
In general, the above applies to any and . Since is equal to subtracted by a non-recursive term, we can infer by induction that:
Training method
As is generally done when training a deep learning model, the goal with normalizing flows is to minimize the Kullback–Leibler divergence between the model's likelihood and the target distribution to be estimated. Denoting the model's likelihood and the target distribution to learn, the (forward) KL-divergence is:
The second term on the right-hand side of the equation corresponds to the entropy of the target distribution and is independent of the parameter we want the model to learn, which only leaves the expectation of the negative log-likelihood to minimize under the target distribution. This intractable term can be approximated with a Monte-Carlo method by importance sampling. Indeed, if we have a dataset of samples each independently drawn from the target distribution , then this term can be estimated as:
Therefore, the learning objective
is replaced by
In other words, |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vir%20Phoha | Vir Virander Phoha is a professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Syracuse University College of Engineering and Computer Science.
Phoha is known for developing practicable foundations of behavioral biometrics for active and continuous authentication. His research focuses on attack-averse authentication, spoof-resistance, anomaly detection, machine learning, optimized attack formulation, and spatial-temporal pattern detection and event recognition. Phoha's work also provides protection for many classified information systems and his inventions have resulted in the widespread commercial use of active authentication biometric methods.
Education
Phoha earned his MSc in Mathematical statistics at Kurukshetra University in Kurukshetra, India. He came to the United States in 1988 as a graduate student at Texas Tech University, where he worked under William J. B. Oldham. His 1992 PhD thesis was titled "Self-repair and adaptation in collective and parallel computational networks".
Career
Phoha began his career as professor of computer science at the University of Central Texas, now the Texas A&M University–Central Texas and was a faculty at Northeastern State University in Tahlequah, Oklahoma. Later, he was a professor of computer science and the director of the Center for Secure Cyberspace at Louisiana Tech University in Ruston, Louisiana. In 2015, Phoha was appointed professor of electrical engineering and computer science in the L.C. Smith College of Engineering and Computer Science at Syracuse University.
Phoha has published 250 papers and six books on security related topics and holds 14 U.S. patents in behavioral authentication.
Phoha serves as an associate editor for Digital Threats: Research and Practice and Transactions on Computational Social Systems journals.
Awards
In 2008, Phoha was selected as a distinguished scientist by the Association for Computing Machinery.
In 2017, Phoha was awarded the IEEE Region 1 Technological Innovation in Academia Award for his contributions to authentication using behavioral biometrics. He is also a fellow of Society for Design and Process Science (SDPS).
In 2018 He was elected as Fellow at the American Association for the Advancement of Science.
In 2020, Phoha was elected as a National Academy of Inventors fellow.
In 2022, he was named IEEE Fellow.
References
External links
Official Website
20th-century Indian engineers
Year of birth missing (living people)
American computer scientists
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Indian emigrants to the United States
Living people
Texas Tech University alumni
Texas A&M University faculty
Northeastern State University faculty
Louisiana Tech University faculty
Syracuse University faculty
Fellows of the National Academy of Inventors |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gangs%20Matrix | The Gangs Matrix, also known as the Gangs Violence Matrix, is a database of alleged street gang members created by the Metropolitan Police Service in 2012. It has been criticised for its use of circumstantial evidence and disproportionate targeting of young black men.
A 2018 investigation by the Information Commissioner's Office found that the use of the Gangs Matrix at that time was in breach of data protection laws, and issued an enforcement notice to bring the operation of the system in line with the law. The enforcement notice was lifted in 2021.
In 2022, the MPS announced that it had removed more than 1000 people, representing over 65% of the entries in the database, on the basis that they referred to people who posed no threat of violence.
References
Metropolitan Police
Government databases in the United Kingdom
Government by algorithm
Law enforcement databases |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan%20Deckmyn | Johan Deckmyn (born 21 December 1967) is a Belgian-Flemish politician and a member of the Vlaams Belang party.
Biography
Deckmyn studied computer science at Hogeschool Gent before becoming the director of an IT company.
Political career
Deckmyn became active in the Vlaams Blok Jongeren, the youth wing of the former Vlaams Blok party and the nationalist student association VSG (Flemish Students Ghent) in the 1980s. In 1994, he became a provincial councilor in East Flanders for Vlaams Blok. In 2004, he was elected to the Flemish parliament for the reconfigured Vlaams Belang party and remained in this role until 2014. In 2019, he was re-elected to the Flemish parliament. Since 2011, he has been the group chairman of Vlaams Belang in the Ghent city council.
Suske & Wiske controversy
On 9 January 2011, Deckmyn produced a parody of the Suske & Wiske comic De Wilde Weldoener (The Wild Benefactor) which was distributed on calendars to guests attending the Vlaams Belang New Year's reception in Ghent. Subsequently, Suske & Wiske's publisher WPG Uitgevers filed a lawsuit against Deckmyn for copyright infringement and as Willy Vandersteen, the author of the comic, had written in his will that his comics could never be used for political purposes.. In the first instance Deckmyn was convicted, however he appealed the verdict. The case was dropped in 2019 for taking too long.
Visit to Emirdağ
At the end of 2011, Deckmyn and fellow Vlaams Belang politician Tanguy Veys visited the Turkish town of Emirdağ as part of a campaign called Emirdağ needs you in which the Vlaams Belang chapter in Ghent wanted to convince people of Turkish origin to return to Turkey. During the visit, Deckmyn spoke to local MPs and the mayor of the Emirdağ. The trip led to Ghent councilor and sp.a politician Resul Tapmaz (who is of Turkish descent) making insulting statements about Vlaams Belang. Deckmyn filed a complaint against Tapmaz for slander and defamation. The court ruled that Tapmaz's statements were offensive but were not defamation and dismissed the complaint.
References
Living people
Members of the Flemish Parliament
1967 births
Vlaams Belang politicians
21st-century Belgian politicians
Political controversies in Belgium |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mona%20Diab | Mona Talat Diab is a computer science professor and director of Carnegie Mellon University's Language Technologies Institute. Previously, she was a professor at George Washington University and a research scientist with Facebook AI. Her research focuses on natural language processing, computational linguistics, cross lingual/multilingual processing, computational socio-pragmatics, Arabic language processing, and applied machine learning.
Education
Diab completed her M.Sc. in computer science with a major in machine learning and artificial intelligence at The George Washington University (1997) and her Ph.D. in computational linguistics at the University of Maryland, Linguistics Department and University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies (UMIACS) in 2003, under the supervision of Philip Resnik. She was also a postdoctoral research scientist at Stanford University (2003–2005) under the mentorship of Dan Jurafsky, where she was a part of the Stanford NLP Group.
Career
After her postdoc at Stanford, Diab took a position as research scientist (principal investigator) at the Center for Computational Learning Systems (CCLS) in Columbia University, where she was also adjunct professor in the computer science department. In 2013 she joined the George Washington University as an associate professor, where she was promoted to full professor in 2017. Diab is the founder and director of the GW NLP lab CARE4Lang. Diab served as an elected faculty senator at Columbia University for 6 years (2007–2012) and an elected faculty senator at GW (2013–2014). She served the computational linguistics community as elected member, secretary and president of ACL SIGLEX (2005–2016) and elected president of ACL SIGSemitic. She currently serves as the elected VP-elect for ACL SIGDAT. In 2017 Diab joined Amazon AWS AI Deep Learning Group for Human Language Technologies, where she led the AWS Lex project for task oriented dialogue systems for enterprises. A couple of years later, she moved to Facebook AI as a research scientist. In the fall of 2023, she became the director of CMU's Language Technologies Institute -- the first full time director since the passing of its founder Jaime Carbonell.
Research
Diab's research interests include several areas in computational linguistics/natural language processing, like conversational AI, computational lexical semantics, multilingual and cross lingual processing, social media processing with an emphasis on computational socio- pragmatics, information extraction & text analytics, machine translation. Besides this, she also has special interests in Arabic NLP and low resource scenarios.
Most notably, Diab co-established two major research trends in the computational linguistics field, computational approaches to linguistic code switching in 2007 and semantic textual similarity in 2010.
Diab together with Nizar Habash and Owen Rambow, co-founded CADIM in 2005 which served and is still considered a global reference |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emilia%20Schatz | Emilia Schatz (born February 18, 1979) is an American video game designer best known for her work at Naughty Dog. She studied computer science at the University of North Texas, where she later worked for almost three years before searching for work in the video game industry. She was hired at Terminal Reality, where she worked as a level scripter on Re-Mission, as a level designer on BlowOut and BloodRayne 2, and as a senior game designer on Ghostbusters: The Video Game. She applied for jobs at other studios, and in 2009 was hired at Naughty Dog. She began working at Naughty Dog early in development on Uncharted 3: Drake's Deception, for which she designed several levels. She assisted with development of The Last of Us.
Assigned male at birth, Schatz came out as transgender in 2012, when she began her gender transition, and came out to the company in March 2014. She was promoted to co-lead game designer for the development of Uncharted 4: A Thief's End. In this role, she often worked alongside Bruce Straley and Neil Druckmann, and she helped to work on the game's accessibility options. She was co-lead game designer for the development of The Last of Us Part II, during which she continued to lead the company's accessibility efforts. Her work and image in the industry has been praised and awarded.
Early life
Emilia Schatz was born on February 18, 1979. She grew up in Texas. Her mother is an art teacher at an elementary school; Schatz felt that, outside of games, teaching would also be her career choice. As a child, Schatz was a fan of Nintendo games, specifically Mario and The Legend of Zelda, and had a fondness for the Nintendo Entertainment System and the Super Nintendo Entertainment System. Schatz's early jobs included mowing lawns, data entry, installing ethernet, and working at Golden Corral. At high school, she learned how to program role-playing games on her calculator. To pay for her university studies, Schatz worked with professors to create web pages. She studied computer science at Baylor University from 1997 to 1999. In 2001, she graduated from the University of North Texas with a Bachelor of Computer Science, with a major in general studies and minors in computer science, art, and English. As part of the university's Laboratory for Recreational Computing, Schatz worked on several educational games in Adobe Flash. She also used Flash to develop her own games, including one inspired by Tempest (1981) on a bootleg development environment for Game Boy Advance.
Career
Terminal Reality (2002–2009)
After graduating from the University of North Texas in 2001, Schatz continued to work there for almost three years as a web developer. She applied to multiple game development studios in Dallas, and in August 2002 was hired by Terminal Reality as a level scripter on Re-Mission, which aligned with her former experience with educational Flash games; she designed several levels for Re-Mission. She worked as a level designer on BlowOut (2003) and |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front%20Porch%20Forum | Front Porch Forum (FPF) is a social network founded in 2000 and based in Burlington, Vermont. It is a Vermont public benefit corporation. Users interact with the site either through a web page, mobile application, or via email. Posts to the site are aggregated and curated by staff, and distributed as email digests.
The site contains over 200 separate forums, each corresponding to a town, combination of towns, or district of a city as well as a few parts of New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and New York. As of 2020 the site had nearly 200,000 members and a staff of twenty. Fifty percent of FPF users post to the site in a given year. The site also maintains a community directory of local businesses.
Registered users are required to give their street address or official position, for participating public officials, in order to post to the site. The company makes its revenue through advertisements and featured community directory listings from local companies, subscriptions from politicians or local governmental officials, and a yearly fundraiser.
Front Porch Forum originated as a Burlington-centric local email list called the Five Sisters Neighborhood Forum. Michael and Valerie Wood-Lewis were new to the area, parenting a son with cerebral palsy, and wanted to meet more of their neighbors. They began by distributing flyers in their local area encouraging people to join and received a positive response. Michael Wood-Lewis hired engineer Rob Maurizi to design and relaunch list using its own homegrown software in 2006, with Wood-Lewis being the daily digest of posts.
Originally towns or regions would pay a small fee to have an FPF instance set up for their town. In 2011 an initiative from the Vermont Council on Rural Development (VCRD) received a federal grant to expand internet access to rural parts of the state, and they offered FPF as part of a package to towns that applied for assistance. After Hurricane Irene VCRD received a second grant to "increase the resiliency of at-risk towns" which allowed FPF to increase their coverage to the entire state of Vermont. The site is free for users.
References
External links
Official website
Social networks
2000 establishments in Vermont
Community websites
Internet properties established in 2000
Virtual communities |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike%20Williams%20%28physicist%29 | Michael Williams is an experimental particle physicist, faculty member at MIT, and inaugural Deputy Director of the NSF AI Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Fundamental Interactions (IAIFI).
Biography
Williams grew up in suburban Pittsburgh, a city he remained in for his undergraduate and graduate studies. Initially unsure of what he wanted to study or pursue as a career, Williams double-majored in physics and mathematics summa cum laude at Saint Vincent College in 2001 before earning his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees at Carnegie Mellon University under the supervision of Curtis Meyer in 2007. He worked as a postdoctoral fellow at Imperial College London from 2008 until his appointment as a professor in the Laboratory for Nuclear Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2012. A tenured professor in the MIT Department of Physics, Williams is also an affiliate member of the MIT Statistics and Data Science Center and the MIT Institute for Data, Systems, and Society.
Through his experimental particle physics research, Williams primarily focuses on "searching for as-yet-unknown particles and forces, possibly components of the dark sector of matter, and on studying largely unexplored emergent properties of QCD." Williams leads the MIT group working on the LHCb experiment, a detector at CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC) named for its focus on the bottom quark. He also works on the GlueX experiment at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab), which studies a class of particles called mesons. Notably, Williams is also the inaugural deputy director of IAIFI, a new National Science Foundation AI Institute given $20 million in initial funding, and works on the development and use of AI tools for furthering accelerator physics research.
In connection with his work on IAIFI, Williams and colleague Jesse Thaler also created and co-chair a new degree program at MIT, an interdisciplinary PhD in physics, statistics, and data science.
Honors
Early Career Award, US Department of Energy (2013)
Jefferson Laboratory Thesis Prize (2008)
Guy C. Berry Graduate Research Award, Carnegie Mellon University (2006)
References
External links
Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Fundamental Interactions (IAIFI)
Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science faculty
Carnegie Mellon University alumni
Saint Vincent College alumni
Particle physicists
Artificial intelligence researchers
Scientists from Pittsburgh
Experimental physicists
Year of birth missing (living people)
People associated with CERN
Living people |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMSD | AMSD may refer to:
Advanced Multimedia System Design, developer of the AMSD Ariadna web browser
Australian Message Stick Database, a database of the Cross-Linguistic Linked Data project
Maritime Surveillance division of PAL Airlines
Advanced Military Systems Design, former manufacturer of the SAN 511 rifle |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code%20Rood | Code Rood (also styled CODE ROOD, Dutch for "Code Red") is a network of climate activists based in the Netherlands. The activists organize large-scale civil disobedience actions in opposition to the fossil fuel industry.
Code Rood is horizontally organized, and was inspired in part by Ende Gelände 2016, during which protestors shut down a coal mine and a coal-fired power station for a period of two days.
History
In June 2017, Code Rood called for a civil disobedience action at the Port of Amsterdam as well as a climate camp nearby. The civil disobedience action took place on June 24, the second anniversary of the court case State of the Netherlands v. Urgenda Foundation. A group of about 300 activists successfully shut down the OBA Bulk Terminal Amsterdam coal port for over eight hours, which the company's executive director said cost them about 50,000 euros. The group had stated that they would leave before dark, but five activists remained in a crane and were arrested for trespassing.
In August 2018, Code Rood organized a protest in Groningen near a group of storage tanks belonging to Nederlandse Aardolie Maatschappij (NAM), a joint venture which is owned by Shell and ExxonMobil. The march was set up by locals whose homes had been damaged by NAM's natural gas extraction in the area, and approximately 400 to 700 people attended, setting up a camp which blocked transportation in and out of the tank complex. After 200 to 300 more protestors joined the group in the late afternoon, police used batons and pepper spray against a group that moved closer to the fence than agreed upon, and Code Rood reported that five activists were injured and one had to be treated in an ambulance. In February 2019, the police issued a statement that officers had used disproportionate force at the protest.
In May 2021, Code Rood collaborated with Extinction Rebellion to paint a Shell gas station in The Hague black as a protest while the gas company was holding its annual meeting in the same city.
See also
Ende Gelände
Extinction Rebellion
Climate change
References
External links
Official website
Climate change organizations
Dutch climate activists
Environmentalism in the Netherlands
Environmental protests in the Netherlands
Radical environmentalism
Climate change in the Netherlands |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Network%20of%20Informal%20Workers%20in%20the%20Philippines | The National Network of Informal Workers in the Philippines (PATAMABA, Pambansang Kalipunan ng mga Manggagawang Impormal sa Pilipinas) is a trade union of informal workers, especially home-based workers, in the Philippines.
Organisation
98 percent of PATAMABA's members are women, while more than half of them are home-based workers. Other affiliated groups include vendors, small transport operators, construction workers and service workers. They are organised in 12 regions, 34 provinces and 276 local chapters throughout the Philippines. The union supports its members in developing their own enterprises, participating in local politics, pursuing training and accessing social services.
History
The National Network of Home-based Workers (Pambansang Tagapag-ugnay ng Manggagawa sa Bahay) was first launched in 1991. In 1992, PATAMABA succeeded in pressuring the Filipino government into affirming certain labour protections for home-based workers, including the registration of worker's organisations, the possibility of collective bargaining and the right to immediate payment.
During the 1990s, PATAMABA expanded from home-based work to other sectors of the informal economy. It was renamed to its current name in 2003, but kept the acronym.
References
Trade unions in the Philippines
Labor in the Philippines
Metal trade unions
1991 establishments in the Philippines
Trade unions established in 1991 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihaela%20Sighireanu | Mihaela Sighireanu is a French and Romanian computer scientist specializing in model checking and software verification. She works as a professor at Paris-Saclay University and as a member of the Formal Methods Lab run jointly by Paris-Saclay University, CNRS, and the École normale supérieure Paris-Saclay.
Education and career
Sighireanu was born in Romania, and holds French and Romanian dual citizenship. She studied computer science at the University of Bucharest, earning a master's degree there in 1994, and then moved to Joseph Fourier University (now part of Grenoble Alpes University) for a second master's degree in 1995 and a doctorate in 1999. She earned a habilitation in 2014 through Paris Diderot University.
After postdoctoral research at the French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation, she became an assistant professor at Paris Diderot University in 1999 and an associate professor in 2014 at the University of Paris, before moving to her present position at Paris-Saclay University.
She has represented Romania as a delegate to ISO/IEC JTC 1, where she contributed to the development of the E-LOTOS standard for formal specifications.
References
External links
Home page
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
French computer scientists
French women computer scientists
Romanian computer scientists
Romanian women computer scientists
University of Bucharest alumni |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmar%20Tamm | Ilmar Tamm (born on 4 May 1972, Tartu) is an Estonian military officer (Major General).
In 1994, he graduated from the Finnish Military Academy.
2008–2012, he was the head of Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence. Since 2020, he was the head of Baltic Defence College.
In 2004, he was awarded by Order of the Cross of the Eagle, V Class.
References
1972 births
Living people
Military personnel from Tartu
Estonian major generals
Recipients of the Military Order of the Cross of the Eagle, Class V |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaak%20Tarien | Jaak Tarien (born 29 July 1974) is an Estonian military personnel (Brigadier General). and the current head of the Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence since 2018.
Until 2018, he was the head of Estonian Air Force.
In 2003, he was awarded by the Order of the Cross of the Eagle, V Class.
Effective dates of promotion
Estonian Land Forces
References
Living people
1974 births
Estonian generals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaan%20Priisalu | Jaan Priisalu (born 24 June 1967) is an Estonian cyber security official.
2011–2015, he was the Director General of Estonian Information System Authority ().
In 2014, he was awarded by Order of the White Star, III class.
References
Living people
1967 births
Estonian civil servants |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve%20Simske | Steve Simske (born 1964 in San Diego, United States), also known as Steven J. Simske, is an American engineer and scientist specialized in biomedical engineering, cybersecurity, anti-counterfeiting, Variable data printing, imaging, and robotics. He is a full professor of systems engineering at the Walter Scott Jr. School of Engineering of Colorado State University.
Education and career
Simske received a B.S. in. Bioengineering and Biomedical Engineering from Marquette University in 1986, and a M.S. also in bioengineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1987. He then received in 1990 a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from the University of Colorado in Boulder. This was followed by two post docs from the same university, one in electrical and computer engineering in 1991 and one in aerospace engineering in 1993.
Simske was research professor at the University of Colorado from 1994 to 2007. He joined HP in 1994, then HP Labs in 2000, where he was a director in printing and imaging lab from 2004 to 2018. He was named a HP fellow in 2011.
Simske is an IEEE Fellow for contributions to anti-counterfeiting and cyber-physical security. He is an Honorary Professor of the University of Nottingham, and a 2015 recipient of the Robert F. Reed Award. He is a fellow of the Society for Imaging Science and Technology, and was its president from 2017 to 2019. He is chair of the steering committee for the ACM DocEng Symposium. He is a fellow of the National Academy of Inventors.
Books
Simske, Steve, Meta-Algorithmics: Patterns for Robust, Low Cost, High Quality Systems, Wiley-IEEE Press, 2013.
Simske, Steve. Meta-Analytics: Consensus Approaches and System Patterns for Data Analysis. Elsevier, 2018.
Mayer, Joceli; Borges, Paulo, and Simske, Steve. Fundamentals and Applications of Hardcopy Communication: Conveying Side Information by Printed Media. Springer, 2018.
Simske, Steve and Vans, Marie. Functional Applications of Text Analytics Systems. River Publishers Series in Document Engineering, 2021.
See also
List of prolific inventors
References
External links
Steve Simske's publications indexed by Google Scholar
Steve Simske's publications indexed by DBLP
Steve Simske's US patents
Living people
1964 births
21st-century American inventors |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field%20of%20Fire%20%28video%20game%29 | Field of Fire is a computer wargame for the Atari 8-bit family designed by Roger Damon and published by the Strategic Simulations in 1984. The game was ported to the Commodore 64, by Brian Fitzgerald, and Apple II. Roger Damon also wrote Operation Whirlwind.
Gameplay
Field of Fire focuses on recreating the wartime fate of Easy Company, one of the companies of the 1st Infantry Division during World War II. The player is tasked with leading Easy Company through eight historical battles in North Africa and Europe. As a company commander, the player gives orders to six-man teams armed with rifles, machine guns, mortars or bazookas. Each team's abilities, such as weapon range and firepower, are based on real-world factors, and managing individual teams is a big part of a successful battle.
Separate game phases allow the player to observe the battlefield, fire, move or storm nearby positions. The German forces are controlled by an AI that offers three levels of difficulty.
Reception
The game has been met with positive reviews. The reviewer for Antic in the March 1985 issue found it "an excellent simulation of tactical infantry combat," while Zzap!64 gave the game an excellent 96% rating.
Reviews
Games #70
References
External links
Review in ANALOG Computing
Review in Compute!
Review in Compute!'s Gazette
Review in Family Computing
1984 video games
Apple II games
Atari 8-bit family games
Commodore 64 games
Computer wargames
Strategic Simulations games
Turn-based strategy video games
World War II video games
Video games developed in the United States |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windscribe | Windscribe is a commercial, cross-platform virtual private network (VPN) service provider that is based in Canada, but operates internationally.
History
Windscribe was founded by Yegor Sak and Alex Paguis in 2016.
In January 2021, Windscribe began beta testing ControlD, a new standalone DNS-based ad and tracker service, a direct competitor to services such as NextDNS, DNSFilter, and Cisco Umbrella.
In April 2023, a mid-sized VPN provider WeVPN shut down due to "unforeseen financial difficulties". Windscribe offered to match the remaining time left on WeVPN customer subscriptions, free of charge. Windscibe and WeVPN stated that this is not an acquisition, but "purely a gesture of good will".
Features
Windscribe uses the OpenVPN, Internet Key Exchange v2/IPsec, and WireGuard protocols in its applications and manual configurations. Windscribe servers support P2P file sharing and is promoted as a no-log VPN service from their privacy policy.
Windscribe offers open source desktop applications for Windows and macOS, with a command-line utility for Linux, and open source mobile applications for iOS, Android, and Android TV. Windscribe also offers encrypted proxy support via browser extensions on Google Chrome and Firefox web browsers. Windscribe users can connect unlimited simultaneous devices.
Social responsibility
Windscribe has been an active proponent of freedom of access to information censored by authoritarian regimes. These efforts include providing expanded bandwidth free accounts to everyone affected by the Russian invasion of Ukraine, using profanity laden promo codes in both Russian and Ukrainian languages, as well as free and unlimited service to all journalists in the region, and subsequently combatting Russian blocks that were aimed to render these efforts fruitless. In September of 2022, with the outbreak of the Mahsa Amini protests in Iran, Windscribe once again offered expanded free accounts to those affected, as well as Signal (software) proxies aimed to unblock the popular encrypted messaging service in the region.
Windscribe maintains an evolving "VPN Relationship Map" which aims to shine the light on relationship between corporate VPNs and paid affiliates that promote them.
Reception
In February 2022, Windscribe was named as one of the best VPNs according to Wired UK, stating "Windscribe has always been among the more generous free VPN providers, but it’s also one of the most reliable and cost-effective paid-for consumer VPN services."
In May 2023, Windscribe has been named "Best Free VPN of 2023" by Engadget, stating "We selected it as the best free VPN because of its high security and wide range of server options compared to other free VPNs."
Criticism
On July 7, 2021, Windscribe self disclosed that two VPN servers hosted in Ukraine were seized by local authorities on June 24, 2021. On the disk of the VPN servers contained an OpenVPN private key, which under a set of strict pre-existing conditions could have been used |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohit%20Gupta | Mohit Gupta is a professor of cardiology at GB Hospital and Maulana Azad Medical College in New Delhi. Gupta is associated with the Brahma Kumaris.
An artificial intelligence model developed by Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology (IIIT)-Delhi in collaboration with cardiologists from G B Pant Hospital and Harvard Medical School. Gupta was the principal investigator of the project. Delhi Doctors develop a system to prevent post-heart attack failure. This model has been specially designed for predicting the chances of a patient dying within 30 days of suffering a heart attack or surviving. In 2018, he was conferred with the Excellence in Cardiology by the Government of India for his work in the field of medicine. He resides in New Delhi, India.
Awards and Accreditations
2021 Received Best Cardiology Innovation award for the year 2021, By Cardiology Society of India: For pioneering work on Artificial Intelligence in Heart attack patients
2021 Received DMA Excellence award award: for outstanding contribution for the year 2021 in the Covid 19
2019 Honored by Association of Physicians of India Delhi branch with Prof KL Wig Oration in December 2019. - Talk on Genes, Emotions and Mind power
Publications
Prevalence and patterns of coronary artery anomalies in 28,800 adult patients undergoing angiography in a large tertiary care centre in India.
Reference links
Living people
1974 births |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%20in%20Data%20Science%20Initiative | Founded in 2015 at Stanford University, California by Dr. Margot Gerritsen, Karen Matthys, and Dr. Esteban Arcaute, the Women in Data Science Initiative (WiDs) encourages women from around the world to connect with one another, to form local and regional networks, and to promote an inclusive and diverse community within the rapidly expanding field of data science.
From problems with facial recognition technologies that do not recognize darker-skinned faces to predictive policing algorithms that misidentify threats and intensify surveillance in communities of color, the effects of the lack of diversity in data science are numerous. Biased data sets may result in additional forms of discrimination. When an early attempt to design a computer program to help with hiring decisions relied mainly on resumes from men, the program "taught itself that male candidates were preferable to women." While Amazon immediately recognized this tendency and never used the program to evaluate job candidates, this example shows that relying on biased data may perpetuate inequalities. According to Gerritsen, “We cannot let these algorithms and these approaches of data-driven decision making really play the significant role that they are starting to play in our society at large if we do not really understand the ethics.”
WiDs holds an annual Women in Data Science Worldwide conference annually, held as a 24-hour virtual event in 2021, is intended to inspire, educate, and sustain data science worldwide. In 2020, over 30,000 people participated, from 50 different countries. WiDs has reached over 100,000 women around the world. The Pune, India chapter of WiDs, for example, has over 5,000 members. Sucheta Dhere, ambassador of the WiDs Pune Chapter noted that computer vision, natural language processing, and machine learning "have a huge hiring potential in India," particularly for women. In 2019, more than 250 women convened in Madrid for the WIDS conference, which brought together women working on artificial intelligence and robotics. The Cambridge WiDS event was held at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2020. Its signature event was a panel discussion on data science and fake news called “Data weaponized, data scrutinized: a war on information.”
The Women in Data Science initiative also runs workshops on topics ranging from actionable ethics, automating machine learning, data analysis for health, and exploring artificial intelligence.
References
Stanford University
Facial recognition software
Diversity in computing |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison%20of%20user%20features%20of%20operating%20systems | Comparison of user features of operating systems refers to a comparison of the general user features of major operating systems in a narrative format. It does not encompass a full exhaustive comparison or description of all technical details of all operating systems. It is a comparison of basic roles and the most prominent features. It also includes the most important features of the operating system's origins, historical development, and role.
Overview
An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides common services for computer programs.
Time-sharing operating systems schedule tasks for efficient use of the system and may also include accounting software for cost allocation of processor time, mass storage, printing, and other resources.
For hardware functions such as input and output and memory allocation, the operating system acts as an intermediary between programs and the computer hardware, although the application code is usually executed directly by the hardware and frequently makes system calls to an OS function or is interrupted by it. Operating systems are found on many devices that contain a computer from cellular phones and video game consoles to web servers and supercomputers.
, the dominant general-purpose desktop operating system is Microsoft Windows with a market share of around 74.14%. macOS by Apple Inc. is in second place (15.33%), and the varieties of Linux are collectively in third place (2.91%). In the mobile sector, including both smartphones and tablets, Android is dominant with a market share of 71%, followed by Apple's iOS with 28%; for smartphones alone, Android has 72% and iOS has 28%. Linux distributions are dominant in the server and supercomputing sectors. Other specialized classes of operating systems (special-purpose operating systems)), such as embedded and real-time systems, exist for many applications. Security-focused operating systems also exist. Some operating systems have low system requirements (i.e. light-weight Linux distribution). Others may have higher system requirements.
Some operating systems require installation or may come pre-installed with purchased computers (OEM-installation), whereas others may run directly from media (i.e. live cd) or flash memory (i.e. usb stick).
MS-DOS
Overview
MS-DOS (acronym for Microsoft Disk Operating System) is an operating system for x86-based personal computers mostly developed by Microsoft. Collectively, MS-DOS, its rebranding as IBM PC DOS, and some operating systems attempting to be compatible with MS-DOS, are sometimes referred to as "DOS" (which is also the generic acronym for disk operating system). MS-DOS was the main operating system for IBM PC compatible personal computers during the 1980s, from which point it was gradually superseded by operating systems offering a graphical user interface (GUI), in various generations of the graphical Microsoft Windows operating system.
IBM licensed and |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OK%20Computer%20%28TV%20series%29 | OK Computer is an Indian absurdist philosophical science fiction comedy television series on Disney+ Hotstar created and directed by Pooja Shetty and Neil Pagedar, who also wrote the script along with Anand Gandhi. Gandhi and his team also produced the series through the studio Memesys Culture Lab. The series stars Radhika Apte, Vijay Varma, Rasika Dugal, Jackie Shroff, Kani Kusruti, and Ullas Mohan and began streaming on Disney+ Hotstar from 26 March 2021.
The title is a reference to a line from the Douglas Adams' novel, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, with the phrase 'OK Computer' being popularized by the English rock band Radiohead.
Synopsis
The year is 2031. In a New India - of towering smart holograms and drone superhighways - hard boiled Cyber Crime detective Saajan Kundu is called out of retirement when a self-driving taxi is hacked and ordered to kill an anonymous human victim. Saajan begrudgingly joins forces with estranged partner Laxmi Suri, a whip-smart AI scientist, to comb the modern backwaters of Goa for the killer. Their search ultimately brings them face to face with a distinctly unusual suspect - a genial government-funded advanced robot called Ajeeb. While investigating Ajeeb, however, Saajan and Laxmi find themselves grappling with conflicting questions. Is Ajeeb even capable of harming anyone? If one artificial intelligence manipulates another into committing a crime, who is really to blame? Could a human being be the real mastermind? And most importantly, if AI is the final frontier of evolution, will they do to us what we’ve done to other species?
Cast
Vijay Varma as Saajan Kundu
Radhika Apte as Laxmi Suri
Kani Kusruti as Monalisa Paul
Ullas Mohan as Ajeeb
Neil Pagedar as Ajeeb's voice
Jackie Shroff as Pushpak Shakur
Sarang Sathaye as Ashfaq Auliya
Vibha Chibber as DCP DCP
Ratnabali Bhattacharjee as Trisha Singh
Rasika Dugal as Satoshi Mondal
Alok Ulfat as Nigel Paudwal
Production
Pooja Shetty, Neil Pagedar and Anand Gandhi worked extensively through its research for three years and the team spent seven years for the work, with four years on developing the script which is touted to be an "entire universe of sequels, prequels, gaming, feature film, animation script and episodic content with multiple seasons".
The team filmed most of the series by March 2020 before the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown was announced, and in April 2020, the team reported the primary cast members Radhika Apte and Vijay Varma first to the news. They also planned to enter post-production which was delayed due to lockdown restrictions. The team spent four months for post-production as it features heavy visual effects. By early February 2021, the team had completed the post-production works.
Release
The series was showcased to the officials of Disney+ Hotstar who eventually agreed for its distribution rights. On 8 March 2021, the first poster of the series was unveiled through social media platforms, followed by the trailer |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tessa%20Khan | Tessa Khan is an environmental lawyer who lives in the United Kingdom. She co-founded and is co-director of the Climate Litigation Network, which supports legal cases related to climate change mitigation and climate justice.
Khan has argued that national governments have knowingly profited from raising carbon dioxide levels and caused damage to the environment, including as part of the globally important precedent Climate Case Ireland.
Biography
Tessa Khan has been involved in human rights law and advocacy campaigning.
In Thailand she worked for a women's human-rights non-profit organization. While there in 2015 she learnt of a court ruling at The Hague ordering the Netherlands to reduce its greenhouse-gas emissions. Inspired by the case, Khan moved to London to join Urgenda Foundation's legal team in 2016.
Khan co-founded the Climate Litigation Network with Urgenda Foundation to support climate cases around the world. She serves as the Climate Litigation Network's co-director. Through the organization, she has successfully helped activist groups sue their own governments. It handles cases around the world, including Canada, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Pakistan, and South Korea.
She supported cases in The Netherlands and Ireland that successfully challenged the adequacy of government plans to reduce emissions. In December 2019, in the State of the Netherlands v. Urgenda Foundation case, the Supreme Court of the Netherlands ordered the government to scale back the capacity of coal power stations and oversee around €3 billion in investment for cutting carbon emissions. The win has been described by the Guardian as "the most successful climate lawsuit to date."
In August 2020, in what is known as Climate Case Ireland, the Supreme Court of Ireland ruled that its government must make a new and more ambitious plan to cut carbon. Ireland ranks third in greenhouse gas emissions per capita among European Union countries.
Tessa Khan received the Climate Breakthrough Award in 2018. Time included her in its 2019 list of 15 women leading the fight against climate change.
References
English women lawyers
Women environmentalists
Climate change law
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Climate Breakthrough awardees |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanasushava | Vanasushava is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Apiaceae. Its only species is Vanasushava pedata. Its native range is Southwestern India.
References
Apioideae
Monotypic Apioideae genera |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft%20Power%20Platform | Microsoft Power Platform is a line of business intelligence, app development, and app connectivity software applications. Microsoft developed the Power Fx low-code programming language for expressing logic across the Power Platform. It also provides integrations with GitHub and Teams among other apps.
Products
The Power Platform family of products includes:
Power BI, software for visualizing data with different kinds of charts. It competes with tools like Tableau.
Power Apps, graphical software for writing low-code custom business applications. (Known as PowerApps until 2019).
Power Automate, a toolkit similar to IFTTT and Zapier for implementing business workflow products. (Formerly Microsoft Flow).
Power Automate Desktop (PAD), robotic process automation (RPA) software for automating graphical user interfaces (via the acquisition of Softomotive in May 2020). This product uses a Robin Script based language to achieve RPA.
Power Virtual Agents, software for writing chatbots
Power Pages, graphical software for making low-code websites. Formerly part of Power Apps as "Power Apps Portals" until 2022
Microsoft Dataverse
Microsoft Dataverse, formerly known as Microsoft Common Data Service until November 2020, is a relational database engine offered by Microsoft as a cloud-based data management software as a service for storing business data. It is mainly a database with associated functionalities, and separates itself from on-premises solutions (for example Microsoft Access) in that a developer needs internet access to connect to Dataverse. It is mainly a tool for managing and storing data, and allows for creation and management of datasets through a single user interface.
MS Dataverse is marketed for use with other Microsoft products such as Power Apps and Microsoft Dynamics 365 applications, and has data connectors to other Microsoft products like Azure Event Hub, Azure Service Bus, Microsoft SQL and Azure Data Lake. One example of use could be to use Dataverse as a form of data lake together with Microsoft Power Apps. Dataverse is also available as a separate service for companies who want to develop their own solutions, and has integration capabilities to other systems through webhooks. Dataverse has APIs so that the data can be consumed by other services, like for example Power Platform services like Power BI or Power Apps, or by custom services designed in for example Visual Studio.
In addition to relational data, Dataverse also has support for file and blob storage, data lakes and semi-structured data. One example of use could be to use Dataverse as a form of data lake together with Microsoft Power Apps. Dataverse is based on Microsoft's Common Data Model as its common data model and is built on Microsoft Azure SQL where its physical data also is stored. In November 2020, Microsoft's Common Data Service was rebranded into Dataverse.
Dataverse has the possibility to apply business logic like duplicate detection, calculated fields, |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft%20Power%20Fx | Microsoft Power Fx is a free and open source low-code, general-purpose programming language for expressing logic across the Microsoft Power Platform.
It was first announced at Ignite 2021 and the specification was released in March 2021. It is based on spreadsheet-like formulas to make it accessible to large numbers of people. It was also influenced by programming languages and tools like Pascal, Mathematica, and Miranda.
As Microsoft describes the language, it heavily borrows from the spreadsheet paradigm. In a spreadsheet, cells can contain formulas referring to the contents of other cells; if the user changes the content of a cell, the values of all its dependent cells are automatically updated. In a similar fashion, the properties of components in a Power Fx program are connected by formulas (whose syntax is very reminiscent of Excel) and their values are automatically updated if changes occur. For instance, a simple formula may connect a component's color property to the value of a slider component; if the user moves the slider, the color changes.
The initial formula language was created by a Microsoft team led by Vijay Mital, Robin Abraham, Shon Katzenberger and Darryl Rubin as part of the Tangram and Siena projects. Later, as part of Power Apps, Greg Lindhorst and Mike Stall led the effort to enhance the language to what is now become Power Fx. Power Fx is available as Open-source software. The source code was shared under MIT license by Microsoft on November 2. 2021. Only the documentation was originally open source.
See also
Visual Basic for Applications
List of low-code development platforms
List of programming languages
Timeline of programming languages
References
External links
Introducing Microsoft Power Fx: the low-code programming language for everyone
What is Microsoft Power Fx?
Power Fx
Power Fx
Power Fx
Declarative programming languages
Functional languages
Multi-paradigm programming languages
Programming languages created in 2021
Software using the MIT license
2021 software |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fucino%20Space%20Centre | The Fucino Space Centre is the largest teleport in the world for civilian uses used for the control of artificial satellites, for telecommunications and for hosting, television and network services multimedia. Located in the Fucino plain in Abruzzo within the municipal area of Ortucchio, near Avezzano (AQ), it is named after the engineer Piero Fanti, first director of Telespazio, and managed by the same company consisting of two joint ventures, the Italian Leonardo (Finmeccanica) for 67% and the French Thales for the remaining 33%.
History
The beginning of the history of Telespazio Spa coincides with the signing of the memorandum of understanding between the company and NASA which took place in January 1962 and made it possible to participate and develop projects relating to the Telstar 1 and Relay satellites. With the granting of the exclusive license by the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications, the construction of the first plants used for the experimentation of satellite telecommunications between Europe and the United States was started, in a favorable territory from an orographic and electromagnetic point of view.
The experimentation began at the end of 1962 through some small antennas of the radio link installed on three mobile vans parked in the Fucino plain in the locality of Cintarella, in the municipality of Ortucchio. Following the positive outcome of the experimental phase, the first antenna was established in 1964 which became the symbol of modern industry at a time when the historic sugar refinery in Avezzano was progressively dismantled, which represented the first industrial-type initiative launched in territory of Marsica.
In 1965 the Fucino space station was opened to satellite communications with the modification of the first small experimental antenna which was adapted for primary telemetry and remote control services. On 6 April 1965, the first commercial telecommunications satellite was launched with which the commercial telephone and television service between the Andover station in the United States and the newly formed Fucino station, still equipped with a small parabolic antenna, began on 28 June, 1965 9.14 meters in diameter, which could only operate on weekends also due to the limitation of the first commercial satellite sent into orbit, the Intelsat I.
In 1966 the first large 27-meter satellite dish was erected in the Fucino and entered service in August 1967, a few days before the official inauguration of the space center on 28 September, which was also attended by the head of the Government Aldo Moro. This operation was followed by numerous other collaborations in the field of satellite telecommunications and television services with international space agencies and started thanks to the national and international network of space centers and teleports.
In March 1985 Pope John Paul II on a visit to Telespazio sent a message of peace from Fucino to all the workers of the world before continuing his Abruzze |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital%20HiNote | The Digital HiNote was a series of laptop computers manufactured by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) from 1994 until 1998 and by Compaq from 1998 until 2002. It was generally positively reviewed by technology journalists. The series consisted of the VP and Ultra models which were based on the i486, Pentium, Pentium MMX and Pentium II. After Digital was acquired by Compaq in 1998, the series was phased out.
History
Digital introduced the HiNote brand of laptops in November 1994 as a successor to their x86 laptops marketed under their DECpc brand. The HiNote was introduced simultaneously with the Venturis brand of desktop and towers, which similarly replaced those form factors of x86 computers that bore the DECpc name. The initial lineup comprised a full-sized laptop simply named the HiNote and a subnotebook named the HiNote Ultra; Digital later separated the two sub-brands by designating the former as VP units. Digital offered the initial lineup with either monochrome or color passive-matrix LCDs or color active-matrix LCDs, 33 MHz Intel 486SXs to 50 MHz 486DX2s, and a hard drive capacity between 120 and 340 MB. The standard HiNote included a built-in 3.5 inch floppy drive which could be removed and fitted with a second lithium-ion battery pack in its place, while the drive for the Ultra was external only. Both the original HiNotes proper and Ultras included built-in trackballs as its pointing device of choice.
Technology journalists singled out the HiNote Ultra for its sleek industrial design and modularity, which attached the lithium-ion battery to the back of the laptop with a latching mechanism instead of being inserted in the bottom case as was customary for laptop designs. This battery could be rotated to prop up the Ultra at a position more comfortable for typing for long periods of time and allowed it to accommodate the external 3.5-inch floppy disk drive underneath it when placed on a desk. It weighed 4 lb (1,8 kg) and measured only an inch (2,54 cm) high. Digital advertised on television the Ultra's thin and light stature by pulling it out of a manila envelope—an approach replicated by Apple nearly 15 years later, when it advertised its MacBook Air in 2008.
When Compaq acquired Digital in June 1998 for $9.6 billion, they left the design intact but changed the name to Armada 6500. The HiNote-based series was phased out in 2002. Technology writer Brooke Crothers wrote on CNET that its discontinuation was ironic considering that the HiNote received high industry accolades and was "one of the best notebook designs ever and one of the technological gems that Compaq inherited from Digital Equipment."
Models
References
Further reading
External links
Archived legacy product pages provided by Compaq:
HiNote VP 500 line
HiNote VP 700 line
HiNote Ultra 2000 line
Digital HiNote Ultra II disassembly and repair
Running Linux on the HiNote Ultra 2000
Digital HiNote Ultra in The Peacemaker on Starring the Computer
Computer-related intr |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Amazon%20Freevee%20original%20programming | Amazon Freevee is an American ad-supported streaming service owned by Amazon that launched in January 2019 as IMDb Freedive. It was previously branded as IMDb TV when it began producing original programming.
Original programming
Drama
Comedy
Adult animation
Non-English language scripted
Unscripted
Docuseries
Reality
Continuations
These shows have been picked up by Amazon Freevee for additional seasons after having aired previous seasons on another network.
Co-productions
Exclusive international distribution
These shows have been acquired by Amazon Freevee for exclusive first-run release in certain countries or territories in deals with partners in other regions.
Drama
Comedy
Animation
Adult animation
Feature films
Upcoming original programming
Drama
Comedy
Unscripted
Docuseries
Reality
Variety
Continuations
These shows have been picked up by Amazon Freevee for additional seasons after having aired previous seasons on another network.
In development
Notes
References
Amazon Freevee
Amazon Freevee
Amazon Freevee
Amazon (company) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HyperCard%20viruses | Soon after the release of HyperCard in 1987, computer viruses appeared that targeted the application. The viruses were written in the HyperTalk programming language and typically spread by infecting the Home stack and then infecting other stacks from there.
List of viruses
References
Classic Mac OS viruses |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enn%20T%C3%B5ugu | Enn Tõugu (20 May 1935 Tallinn – 30 March 2020) was an Estonian computer scientist and mathematician. He dealt with system programming, declarative languages and topics related to artificial intelligence.
In 1960s, he focused on the design and construction of the original STEM mini computer (:et).
He was a candidate in 1996 Estonian presidential election.
Awards
1987 State Prize of the USSR
1995 the Medal of the Estonian Academy of Sciences
2001 Order of the White Star, III class
References
1935 births
2020 deaths
Estonian computer scientists
Estonian mathematicians
Recipients of the USSR State Prize
Recipients of the Order of the White Star, 3rd Class |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mr.%20Dig | Mr. Dig is a maze game designed by Rita Jay and published in 1984 by Microdeal for the Atari 8-bit family, Commodore 64, Dragon 32/64 and TRS-80 Color Computer. The game is a direct clone of Universal's 1982 arcade Mr. Do!.
Gameplay
The object of the game is to guide the titular "Mr. Dig" through a maze by digging tunnels, collecting cherries, and avoiding the various monsters that come out to get him. Mr. Dig can defeat them by hitting them with his bouncing "power ball" or by dropping large apples on them.
There are several types of monsters that try to prevent Mr. Dig from getting the cherries. The least threatening are simply Meanies - small characters that can only chase Mr. Dig. Their touch is deadly, but they can't tunnel behind the player - so they can be led to a dead end and trapped with one of the apples. Meanies can transform into Miners, and these creatures pose a greater threat to Mr. Dig because they can tunnel behind him and eat the apples.
The game allows the player to choose one of ten difficulty levels from "Big Baby's Level" (easy) to "Masochist's Level" (impossible).
Audio
The game uses excerpts from Mozart's Turkish March as its main musical theme.
Reception
The game has been met with fairly positive reviews. Computer and Video Games reviewer summed up Mr. Dig as "a really nice game from Microdeal, very playable and extremely addictive". The Page 6 reviewer liked the game better than Mr. Do and concluded: "Personally, I felt that Mr. Do! was a little too hard and I think Mr. Dig will appeal to a wider range of computer gamesters."
References
External links
Review in The Rainbow
Review in Commodore User
1984 video games
Atari 8-bit family games
Commodore 64 games
Dragon 32 games
Maze games
TRS-80 Color Computer games
Video game clones
Video games about food and drink
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Microdeal games |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canon%20NoteJet | The Canon NoteJet is a series of notebook computers which include a printer and scanner that was manufactured from 1993 to 1995 by a joint venture between the Canon subsidiary Canon Computer Systems Inc. and IBM subsidiary IBM Japan. The Canon branded series was sold worldwide except in Japan, where the similar IBM ThinkPad 555BJ and 550BJ was sold. The European model did not use the NoteJet branding and was branded as the Canon BN120C, BN22 or BN200.
Reviews during the general availability of the series were mixed. Historical analyses viewed it either extremely positive or extremely negative.
History
Canon, one of the largest printer manufacturers globally, released their first inkjet printer in 1985. They joined the x86 PC market in October 1992 as Canon Computer Systems Inc. and launched the Innova PC line in 1993. Canon combined these products in the NoteJet series. Bubble Jet and BJ are trademarks owned by Canon, which have been used by IBM for their printer-laptops.
According to Canon, the printer in the NoteJet is 70% smaller than any printer they developed before.
Models
The Canon branded models were released globally, except in Japan where the IBM branded ThinkPads were released. The NoteJet branding was not used in Europe.
Canon NoteJet 486
It uses the Cyrix 486SLC clocked at 25 MHz as a CPU. It weighs 7.7 pounds and the dimensions are 12.2 by 10 by 2 inches. The list price was $2499. The CPU was manufactured by Texas Instruments. The NoteJet 486 was made in three different versions: the model 1 has a 85MB disk, the model 2 has a 130MB disk and the model 3 has a 180MB disk.
Canon NoteJet II 486C
The NoteJet II 486C uses a 486SLC2 processor at 50 MHz and weighs 8.6 pounds. It has a 10.3 inch DSTN and two PCMCIA slots. It has 4MiB RAM with a 130MB HDD or a 260MB HDD.
Canon NoteJet IIIcx/BN 200
The printer is based on the Canon BJC-70. It uses a Pentium I clocked at 90 MHz, 16MiB of RAM and a HDD of 810MB. It has an internal PCI bus and IrDA, a Sound Blaster card, two Type II PC Card slots or one Type III PC card slot. It uses an external AC adapter.
Canon BN22
Canon marketed the NoteJet 486 in Europe as the Canon BN22, because the AC adapter and keyboard have differences.
Canon BN120C
The Canon BN120C uses a 100 MHz Intel 486, 810MB HDD and 16MiB RAM.
Canon BN200
The Canon BN200 is an upgrade from the BN22. It has an active matrix 800x600 LCD.
It was sold in three different models.
IBM ThinkPad 550BJ
It used the 25 MHz IBM 486SLC CPU.
The 550BJ was launched in Japan on 19 February 1993. It was developed within the new self-contained IBM Personal Computer Company which was set up in 1992, separate from the IBM corporate hierarchy. The computer components were developed by IBM Japan and printer components were developed by Canon, with both logos engraved on the machine. The BJ stands for Bubble Jet which is Canon's printer technology. Although ThinkPads are known for their usage of the TrackPoint pointing stick, this m |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapan%20Sarkar | Tapan Kumar Sarkar (August 2, 1948 – March 12, 2021) was an Indian-American electrical engineer and Professor Emeritus at the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at Syracuse University. He was best known for his contributions to computational electromagnetics and antenna theory.
Sarkar was the recipient of IEEE Electromagnetics Award in 2020.
Biography
Sarkar was born on August 2, 1948, in Kolkata, India. He obtained his Bachelor of Technology from IIT Kharagpur and Master of Engineering from University of New Brunswick in 1969 and 1971, respectively. He received his Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy degrees from Syracuse University in 1975.
Between 1975 and 1976, Sarkar worked for TACO Division of General Instrument. Between 1976 and 1985, he was a faculty member at Rochester Institute of Technology; he also briefly held a research fellowship position at Gordon McKay Laboratory for Applied Sciences in Harvard University in between 1977 and 1978. In 1985, he became a professor at Syracuse University and held the position until his death. He died on March 12, 2021, in Syracuse, New York.
Sarkar acted as an associate editor for the IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility in between 1986-1989 and for IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation in between 2004 and 2010. He was the 2014 president of IEEE Antennas & Propagation Society and the vice president of the Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society (ACES). Sarkar also served as board member for journals such as Digital Signal Processing, Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications and Microwave and Optical Technology Letters.
Sarkar was the president of OHRN Enterprises, Inc., an incorporated business specializing in computer services and system analysis.
Research and awards
Sarkar's research interests focused on "numerical solutions of operator equations arising in electromagnetics and signal processing with application to system design." He is the author or co-author of more than 380 journal articles, as well as 16 books and, 32 book chapters. Along with his doctoral student Yingbo Hua, he developed the generalized pencil-of-function method for signal estimation with complex exponentials. Based on Sarkar's past work on the original pencil-of-function method, the technique is used in electromagnetic analyses of layered structures, antenna analysis and radar signal processing. He is also the co-author of the general purpose electromagnetic solver, HOBBIES.
In 2010, Sarkar was chosen as the IEEE Distinguished Lecturer in Antennas and Propagation Systems. In 2020, he received IEEE Electromagnetics Award "for contributions to the efficient and accurate solution of computational electromagnetic problems in frequency and time domain, and for research in adaptive antennas." He previously was the recipient of Best Paper Awards of the IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility in 1979 and National Radar Conference in the 1997.
Sarka |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ollie%27s%20Follies | Ollie's Follies is a platform game designed by Frank Cohen and published in 1984 by Americana for the Atari 8-bit and Commodore 64 home computers.
Gameplay
The object of the game is to guide the titular "Ollie" through a series of increasingly difficult levels. In each room, the player must make his way through a series of platforms and ramps to an exit that leads to another screen. Some platforms are patrolled by robots, and if Ollie touches one of them, he loses his life. There are energizers scattered throughout the room, which give Ollie the power to touch and destroy robots with impunity.
The screens become increasingly difficult with additional hazards and features. There are large fans that cause Ollie to get blown off ramps, sliding ledges, trampolines, teleports and laser walls. There are a total of 24 rooms. The player wins by getting Ollie through all of them.
Reception
Ollie's Follies was met with fairly good reviews. Zzap!64 reviewers were "pleasantly surprised to find that Ollie’s Follies isn't all that bad", and rated it "Oldie, but goodie platform game". Electronic Games reviewer noted that "Ollie's Follies is a very good game", but he also expressed doubts about how the game would fare in the crowded platform game market. Bob Chappell writing for Atari User concluded: "Ollie's Follies is very enjoyable and likely to keep you coming back for more until you've cracked it. At the low price it's too good a bargain to miss."
See also
Other games written by Frank Cohen:
Clowns and Balloons (1982)
Cohen's Towers (1983)
Ghost Chaser (1984)
The Scrolls of Abadon (1984)
References
External links
1984 video games
Atari 8-bit family games
Commodore 64 games
Platformers
Video games about children
Video games about robots
Video games developed in the United States |
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