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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global%20Cloud%20Xchange | Global Cloud Xchange (GCX) is a company which provides network services for enterprises, new media providers and telecoms carriers. In September 2022, it was acquired by 3i Infrastructure for $512 million.
Overview
GCX has principal offices in London, Hong Kong, and Mumbai, and additional offices in Australia, China, Egypt, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Singapore, South Korea, Spain, Taiwan, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
GCX Limited was a subsidiary of RCOM, which is listed in India on the BSE Limited and the National Stock Exchange of India Limited and is one of India's largest telecommunications service companies providing wireless, wire line, long-distance, voice, data, video and Internet communications services. RCOM is part of the Reliance Group, one of India's largest business groups which has a significant presence in the telecommunications, financial services, entertainment, energy and infrastructure sectors.
History
Global Cloud Xchange was formed as part of the rebranding of certain businesses of RGBV, which includes FLAG Telecom Group Limited ("FLAG"), Reliance Vanco Group Limited ("Vanco") and Yipes Holdings, Inc. ("Yipes").
In 2003, the Reliance Group was acquired. In 2008, renamed FLAG as Reliance Globalcom Limited ("RGL"). RGL owns and operates various undersea and terrestrial fiber assets around the world, including the FEA cable system linking Europe to Asia via the Middle East and India. Before being acquired by Reliance Group, FLAG was listed on the NASDAQ National Market and London Stock Exchange. FLAG was first established in 1993 by a group of telecommunications companies led by Bell Atlantic.
In 2007, RGL acquired Yipes through one of RGL's wholly owned subsidiaries. Yipes is a US-based Ethernet Service provider which provides Ethernet and application delivery services for global enterprises. Established in 1999, Yipes has pioneered the Ethernet technology in metropolitan area networks.
In 2008, RGL acquired Vanco through one of its wholly owned subsidiaries. Vanco is a global Wide Area Network Operator. Vanco provides enterprise clients, directly or through partners, with optimized fully managed network solutions. Vanco was established in 1988 and its original parent company, Vanco plc, was listed on the London Stock Exchange before it was acquired by RGL.
In 2011, Reliance Globalcom set up world's first global Mediterranean gateway and hub in Europe set up with Hawk cable system.
In April 2013, Reliance Globalcom integrated Hawk cable system with Reliance Global Network. Later in December, it upgraded Trans-Atlantic cable with 100G technology.
In March 2014, RGL rebranded as Global Cloud Xchange (GCX) under the leadership of CEO, Bill Barney, to align with the company's strategic plan to deliver an integrated portfolio of infrastructure, data center and managed network services with cloud capabilities, especially across key emerging markets in Asia and the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acos | ACOS or Acos may refer to:
Arccosine, an inverse trigonometric function
The Advanced Comprehensive Operating System mainframe computer operating system
Acos District in Peru
Acos Vinchos District in Peru
A Crown of Swords novel
See also
Aco (disambiguation)
Cos (disambiguation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbershop%20%28TV%20series%29 | Barbershop: The Series is an American sitcom which made its debut on the Showtime cable network in August 2005. It is based upon the Marc Brown–created characters from the popular films Barbershop (2002) and Barbershop 2: Back in Business (2004), and was developed for television by screenwriter John Ridley. It starred Omar Gooding as Calvin Palmer, Jr., the proprietor of an African-American barbershop on the South Side of Chicago, Illinois.
The series was produced by Barbershop and Barbershop 2 producers George Tillman, Jr. and Robert Teitel, along with original Barbershop star Ice Cube. It lasted for only one season, and ten episodes were aired (seven of which were written by Ridley).
Production
While the original films were no stranger to controversy, the series uses humor to more deeply explore a variety of issues related to the contemporary African-American community, including drug abuse, entrepreneurship, local politics, and the use of the N-word.
Continuing from the events of Barbershop 2, the series makes several minor changes. Isaac's surname is changed from Rosenberg to Brice (and the dark-haired man becomes a blond). The Nigerian-born Dinka is renamed "Yinka", as Yinka is an actual Nigerian name, while Dinka is not. Additionally, Dinka was naive and slightly overweight, while Yinka is well-educated and muscular. Ricky, the reformed criminal, is replaced by a more hardened ex-con, Jen's distant relative Romadal Dupree. Finally, Isaac and Jimmy (instead of Yinka) each harbor a crush on Terri.
Cast and characters
Omar Gooding as Calvin Palmer, Jr. Calvin is the owner of Calvin Jr.’s Barbershop, first opened in 1958 as "Calvin's Barbershop" by his father Calvin Palmer, Sr. He and his wife Jen have a son, Cody.
The character was first portrayed in the original Barbershop film by Ice Cube.
Gbenga Akinnagbe as Yinka. An immigrant from Nigeria, Yinka fled that country to escape local sectarian violence. He is by far the most well-educated employee at the barbershop.
The character was first portrayed in the original Barbershop film (where he was named Dinka) by Leonard Earl Howze.
Anna Brown as Jen Palmer. Jen is a homemaker, and has studied hotel management in community college. She and her husband Calvin have a son, Cody.
The character was first portrayed in the original Barbershop film by Jazsmin Lewis.
Wes Chatham as Isaac Brice. Isaac is a White man raised in African-American neighborhoods, and exclusively dates women of color. He is particularly attracted to his fellow barber Terri Jones.
The character was first portrayed in the original Barbershop film (where he was named Isaac Rosenberg) by Troy Garity.
Leslie Elliard as Jimmy James. A former employee at the barbershop, Jimmy quit to pursue a career in local politics. Jimmy goes to great lengths to appear more important than is actually the case. He is politically conservative, and considers Calvin to be his best friend.
The character was first portrayed in the ori |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datarock | Datarock is a Norwegian electronic rock band. The band, known for wearing red jumpsuits, formed in 2000. Original personnel were Fredrik Saroea, Ketil Mosnes and Kevin O'Brien, who soon hired Tom Mæland. O'Brien and Mæland later left the band, but the duo of Saroea and Mosnes continued the project.
Their name is derived from the Norwegian word for computer – datamaskin and the word rock (meaning rock music made on a computer).
As of 2018, they have switched out the red tracksuits with all-black tracksuits. The band currently consists of Fredrik Saroea, Ketil Mosnes, Øyvind Solheim and Stig Narve Brunstad.
Releases
The band has released four EPs and their debut album, Datarock Datarock, was released in 2005 in 10 countries on the band's own label, YAP (Young Aspiring Professionals), receiving favourable reviews, especially in the UK. They made an appearance in Australia's Triple J Hottest 100 with the single "Computer Camp Love" in 2005, placing at number 12. Saroea has commented that Australia was the only country to pick up Datarock early aside from their homeland. This song was #88 on Rolling Stones list of the 100 Best Songs of 2007.
Their song "Fa-Fa-Fa" was featured in a Coca-Cola advert, and is also featured in Ace Ventura Jr.: Pet Detective, NHL 08, FIFA 08, and NBA Live 08. It also appears in The Sims 2: FreeTime, and The Sims video team was asked to create a custom music video for "Fa-Fa-Fa". Another one of their songs, "New Song", is featured in Madden NFL 08. In addition, "I Used to Dance with My Daddy" is featured in UEFA Euro 2008 and Need for Speed: ProStreet (only remix version), also "True Stories" is featured in FIFA 09. Datarock is also featured in FIFA 10 with "Give It Up".
Datarock was also featured in an Apple advertisement for the fourth generation iPod Nano. The ad showed the song "Fa-Fa-Fa" playing on an orange iPod Nano. The cover art for Datarock Datarock was also shown. "Fa-Fa-Fa" is also featured as a free premium track on the iPhone/iPod Touch game Tap Tap Revenge 3.
Fredrik Saroea also has solo aspirations and has recorded several individual tracks, including a duet with fellow Norwegian pop-star Annie for the song "I Will Always Remember You", which has been included on later presses of the band's debut LP.
Datarock's song "True Stories". featuring lyrics made up entirely of Talking Heads song titles is featured as a promotional download in MP3 format from The Sims 3.
Their song "Dance" was used in an episode of the MTV reality show Jersey Shore.
Their song "Amarillion" was used in a key scene in the Chuck episode "Chuck vs. the Nacho Sampler".
Their song "Fa-Fa-Fa" was used in an episode of the Comedy Central series, Workaholics.
Their song "Smile for the Camera" was used in an episode of the Nick Jr. Channel series Yo Gabba Gabba.
Their song "Fa-Fa-Fa" was also used by Google to promote the "Material Design" language on their Android mobile operating system.
A looped instrumental version of "Fa-Fa-F |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roboto | Roboto () is a neo-grotesque sans-serif typeface family developed by Google as the system font for its mobile operating system Android, and released in 2011 for Android 4.0 "Ice Cream Sandwich".
The entire font family has been licensed under the Apache license. In 2014, Roboto was redesigned for Android 5.0 "Lollipop".
Usage
Roboto is the default system font on Android, and since 2013, other Google services such as Google Play, YouTube, Google Maps, and Google Images.
In 2017, Roboto was used on the LCD countdown clocks of the New York City Subway's B Division lines.
Roboto Bold is the default font in Unreal Engine 4, and in Kodi. Roboto Condensed is used to display Information on European versions of Nintendo Switch packaging, including physical releases of games.
Utsav Network uses Roboto for its wordmark.
Since October 2022, Global News has also used Roboto in its on-air presentation, however the font is not used in main network presentation.
The United Nations uses Roboto on its website and in official documents
History
Early Development
The font was designed entirely in-house by Christian Robertson who previously had released an expanded Ubuntu Titling font through his personal type foundry Betatype. The font was officially made available for free download on January 12, 2012, on the newly launched Android Design website.
Compared to Android's previous system font, the humanist sans-serif Droid, Roboto belongs to the neo-grotesque genre of sans-serif typefaces. It includes Thin, Light, Regular, Medium, Bold and Black weights with matching oblique styles rather than true italics. It also includes condensed styles in Light, Regular and Bold, also with matching oblique designs.
This was also created in 2011,but was released to the public in 2012.
2014: "Material Design" redesign
In 2014, Matias Duarte announced at Google I/O that Roboto was significantly redesigned for Android 5.0 "Lollipop". Punctuation marks and the tittles in the lowercase "i" and "j" were changed from square to rounded, the bottom surface of the top part of the number "1" points downwards instead of horizontal, the tail part of the numbers "6" and "9" have been slightly shortened (in resemblance to "Trebuchet MS"), and the entire typeface was made “slightly wider and rounder” with many changes in details. The newly-redesigned version of Roboto is also offered in a wider range of font weights, adding Thin (100), Medium (500), and Black (900) alongside Light (300), Regular (400), and Bold (700).
Language support
Roboto supports Latin, Greek (partial) and Cyrillic scripts.
On Android, the Noto fonts are used for languages not supported by Roboto, including Chinese (simplified and traditional), Japanese, Korean, Thai and Hindi.
Variations
Roboto Mono
Roboto Mono is a monospace font based on Roboto. It is available in seven weights: thin, extra-light, light, regular, medium, semi-bold and bold, with oblique stylings for each weight.
Roboto Serif
Roboto Se |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Does%20not%20compute | "Does not compute", and variations of it, is a phrase often uttered by computers, robots, and other artificial intelligences in popular culture. The phrase indicates a type of cognitive dissonance on the part of the machine in question. The expression of the phrase "does not compute" by robots or computers attempting to process emotions, contradictions or paradoxes is frequently satirized in popular culture, often leading to the machine's inaction, malfunction or self-destruction. The phrase was used as a catchphrase by the television show My Living Doll in 1964. It was further popularized in Lost in Space (1965) as a catchphrase often uttered by The Robot character.
The problem of how to hold the result of a computation that is not a number is genuine (for example, 1/0) and represented a problem for early computers that would experience divide-by-zero errors or other mathematical paradoxes that software had not yet been written to deal with, leading to a computer crash. The NaN and related data types were invented to solve this problem.
History and usage
The phrase was often present in stories which carried a theme of the superiority of human emotion over limitations within the logic utilized by machines. Despite the superior ability of computers to calculate and process information, their lack of emotion and randomness made them unable to resolve cognitive dissonance, which often led to the output of "Does not compute". It was usually the computer's response to information which it had received but could not reconcile with other information it already held to be true. It could also be seen as a depiction of the limited (and thus flawed) nature of a machine's programming; due to its pre-programmed nature, it would be unable to adapt itself to circumstances beyond the scope of its programming, as opposed to humans who could adapt to such unforeseen events.
The phrase was used in the sitcom My Living Doll in which the android protagonist, Rhoda Miller, uttered the phrase regularly when confronted with contradictory information, usually in relation to human behavior. On a few occasions when she did understand the information, her response was "that does compute".
Perhaps the most famous use of the phrase is in the television series Lost in Space where the robot often says, "It does not compute!", to which Dr Smith would give a reply of "What do you mean it doesn't compute, you ninny?!" or something to that effect. However, the robot did not shut down or explode; it simply refused to continue working until a more logical command was given.
In some cases, presenting a computer or robot with such a contradiction would cause it to violently self-destruct. This occurs in several episodes of the original series of Star Trek (e.g. "I, Mudd", "Requiem for Methuselah", "The Return of the Archons" and "The Changeling"), as well as in the finale to Logan's Run. In the episode of the 1968 television series The Prisoner entitled "The General", Patrick Mc |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20School%20of%20Theatre%20Anthropology | The International School of Theatre Anthropology (ISTA) is an international and multi-cultural network of performers, directors, scholars and academics of the theatre. Based in the Odin Teatret, Denmark, the organization has the nature of an itinerant university whose central field of study and research is theatre anthropology, the multi-cultural study of acting techniques.
History
Founded in 1979 by Eugenio Barba, the ISTA has functioned as a laboratory of theatre in the spirit of Grotowski theatre, though broader and more inclusive. ISTA researches the technical aspect of the performer's art by empirical methods to further the understanding of the fundamental principles which engender the performers' particular being and energy. This way of being, referred to as "presence" or "scenic life", is paradoxical. The 'daily' organic being is transmuted through often rigorous execution of techniques—which share a number of common features across a multitude of traditions—to come alive and new in the moment of performance once again, but at a higher level of energy.
The study of the common features of theatrical tradition in different cultures can facilitate the performance of the actor or actress.
Principles
Considering acting techniques around the world, Barba observed that the 'extra-daily' life of the performers is the result of alterations in the performers' balance, producing the appearance of a separate, unconscious autonomy.
Administration
Eugenio Barba serves as the director of ISTA. Each session of the school focuses on a different aspect or theme, which is investigated by means of workshops and classes. Lectures and demonstrations are also used, as are theatrical performances.
Before these sessions begin, the attendees are selected from applicants who have shown an interest to attend, participate, or simply observe. These applicants represent various fields and include choreographers, performers, directors, scholars and critics. The ISTA is essentially a network of contacts between interested parties with a permanent core of professors and performers from many universities in Europe, Africa, Asia and the Americas.
The work of the ISTA continues outside of the sessions in the form of research and continued contact, exchanges and initiatives among and between its members. The results of the work and study are collected, interpreted and disseminated by and within the framework of the University of Eurasian Theatre.
See also
Scenic bios
External links
ISTA at the Odin Teatret website
JTA Journal of Theatre Anthropology, founded by Eugenio Barba in 2021
Drama schools in Denmark |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MTV%20Rocks%20%28British%20and%20Irish%20TV%20channel%29 | MTV Rocks (formerly MTV Two, MTV2 Europe and M2) was a British pay television music channel that was operated by ViacomCBS Networks UK & Australia. Its programming consisted of 24-hour non-stop rock/alternative music.
The channel closed on 20 July 2020.
Format and history
The structure of the MTV Networks is different in Europe from in the United States and so the role that MTV Two plays is somewhat different. The various nation MTV channels remain the flagship channels bringing a wide variety of popular music and many different show formats (including documentaries, reality TV, charts, text shows, and countdowns) however digital satellite in the UK has allowed MTV to operate subsidiary channels with their own specialist areas. So while in the US MTV2 was a varied, slightly alternative channel in the past, in Europe MTV Two was dedicated exclusively to alternative rock and indie, with the occasional alternative hip hop song; while other music output carried on MTV Base, MTV Dance, and MTV Hits covering urban music (hip hop, rap, R&B and garage), electronic dance music, and chart music respectively.
MTV Rocks initially began as M2 in October 1998: the channel had an interactive feel to it. Here viewers controlled the overall content of M2 in terms of its playlist and channel identity. The channel initially had limited availability only being available in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Scandinavia, France, and Spain. In 2002, MTV Networks Europe expanded M2's availability across Europe and decided to rebrand M2 as MTV2 similar to the rebranding on its sister network in the United States. The structure of the MTV2 in the United States differed from its European counterpart. MTV2 Europe primarily focused on alternative indie themed shows and music videos, while MTV2 in the US focused on reality TV programming, alternative music videos and alternative hip-hop. The TV station was one of the first media outlets to lead with its website strategy and follow with the TV programming. Viewers could program an hour of television content via the website, designed by Brad Smith and Mickey Stretton with the agency Digit, it broadcast later that month.
The website won a number of awards including a BAFTA Interactive Entertainment Award.
In the late 2000s, MTV2 Europe began to air a range of reality programming, but music was still the main focus of the channel. In 2000, the channel developed the first example of 360-degree programming. Viewers could choose an hour's worth of music and idents using the BAFTA-winning website, which would then be broadcast usually throughout the night with little or no manipulation by the channel. Viewers would be emailed their transmission time, their selection and the option to forward to friends. It was one of the first 100% Adobe Flash websites).
In September 2002, MTV2 Europe introduced its own on-screen presentation and graphics, and started to use much more original programming, the jewel in the station's crown being Gonz |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panel%20data | In statistics and econometrics, panel data and longitudinal data are both multi-dimensional data involving measurements over time. Panel data is a subset of longitudinal data where observations are for the same subjects each time.
Time series and cross-sectional data can be thought of as special cases of panel data that are in one dimension only (one panel member or individual for the former, one time point for the latter). A literature search often involves time series, cross-sectional, or panel data. Cross-panel data (CPD) is an innovative yet underappreciated source of information in the mathematical and statistical sciences. CPD stands out from other research methods because it vividly illustrates how independent and dependent variables may shift between countries. This panel data collection allows researchers to examine the connection between variables across several cross-sections and time periods and analyze the results of policy actions in other nations.
A study that uses panel data is called a longitudinal study or panel study.
Example
In the multiple response permutation procedure (MRPP) example above, two datasets with a panel structure are shown and the objective is to test whether there's a significant difference between people in the sample data. Individual characteristics (income, age, sex) are collected for different persons and different years. In the first dataset, two persons (1, 2) are observed every year for three years (2016, 2017, 2018). In the second dataset, three persons (1, 2, 3) are observed two times (person 1), three times (person 2), and one time (person 3), respectively, over three years (2016, 2017, 2018); in particular, person 1 is not observed in year 2018 and person 3 is not observed in 2016 or 2018.
A balanced panel (e.g., the first dataset above) is a dataset in which each panel member (i.e., person) is observed every year. Consequently, if a balanced panel contains N panel members and T periods, the number of observations (n) in the dataset is necessarily .
An unbalanced panel (e.g., the second dataset above) is a dataset in which at least one panel member is not observed every period. Therefore, if an unbalanced panel contains N panel members and T periods, then the following strict inequality holds for the number of observations (n) in the dataset: .
Both datasets above are structured in the long format, which is where one row holds one observation per time. Another way to structure panel data would be the wide format where one row represents one observational unit for all points in time (for the example, the wide format would have only two (first example) or three (second example) rows of data with additional columns for each time-varying variable (income, age).
Analysis
A panel has the form
where is the individual dimension and is the time dimension. A general panel data regression model is written as
Different assumptions can be made on the precise structure of this general model. Two |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TLC | TLC may refer to:
Arts and entertainment
Television
TLC (TV series), a 2002 British situational comedy television series that aired on BBC2
TLC (TV network), formerly the Learning Channel, an American cable TV network
TLC (Asia), an Asian television channel
TLC (Australian TV channel), the Australian and New Zealand TV channel Travel and Living Channel
TLC (German TV channel), a German television channel
TLC (India), an Indian television channel
TLC (Latin America), a television channel broadcasting to several countries in Latin America
TLC (Middle East and North Africa)
TLC (Dutch TV channel), a Dutch television channel, which broadcasts lifestyle programs
TLC (Poland), a Polish television channel
TLC (Swedish TV channel), a Swedish television channel
TLC (Turkish TV channel), a Turkish television channel
TLC (UK and Irish TV channel), a UK and Ireland television channel
Music
TLC (group), an American R&B/pop group
TLC (album), 2017 album by American R&B/pop group TLC
"T.L.C.", a song on the album Show Your Hand by the Scottish funk and R&B band Average White Band
Sports
Tables, Ladders, and Chairs match, a type of professional wrestling match
WWE TLC: Tables, Ladders & Chairs, a professional wrestling event featuring the above type of match
Organizations
New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission, a New York City government agency
Taiwan Lutheran Church, church in Taiwan
Tasmanian Land Conservancy, Australian non-profit organisation
The Land Conservancy, a not-for-profit, charitable land trust based in British Columbia, Canada
The Learning Company, an American educational software company
SoftKey, a Canadian shovelware company which acquired The Learning Company and used its name from 1995 to 1999
TLC Camp, American nonprofit providing summer camp for children with cancer
Trades and Labor Congress of Canada, the primary labor federation in Canada (1883-1956)
Transitional Learning Center, a post-acute brain injury rehabilitation facility based in Galveston, Texas
Transgender Law Center, an American civil-rights organization connecting transgender people to legal services
True and Living Church of Jesus Christ of Saints of the Last Days, an offshoot of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
The Literary Consultancy, a UK-based editorial consultancy service
Schools
Thayer Learning Center, a boot camp for teens in Missouri, US
The Learning Center for the Deaf, a school for the deaf and hard of hearing in Massachusetts, US
The Lakes College, a private school in Brisbane, Australia
Science and technology
Technology life cycle, describes the commercial gain of a product through the expense of research and development phase, and the financial return during its "vital life"
Thin-layer chromatography, a chromatography technique used in chemistry to separate chemical compounds
Total lung capacity, refers to the volume of air associated with different phases of the respiratory cycle
Triple-level cell, a |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Softdisk%20%28disk%20magazine%29 | Softdisk (), originally Softdisk Magazette, was a disk magazine for the Apple II computer line, published from 1981 through 1995. It was the first publication of the company that was also known as Softdisk, which would go on to publish disk magazines for other systems, other software, and later be involved in Internet access, hosting, and development.
History
The brainchild of Jim Mangham, who then worked at the LSU Medical Center in Shreveport, Louisiana, Softdisk (originally intended to be called The Harbinger Magazette, but launched as Softdisk Magazette, with "magazette" being a portmanteau word combining "magazine" and "diskette") was published out of Mangham's house, with his then-wife Judi Mangham, LSUMC co-worker Al Vekovius, and Softalk magazine (a paper magazine for the Apple) as partners in the venture.
The first issue was published in September, 1981, and consisted of a single 5.25" floppy diskette which could be flipped over to get to content on the back side. There was fairly little content on the first issue, and it was mostly repeated on the second issue, so later when issue numbers were retroactively assigned for the purpose of back issue sales the October, 1981 issue was designated as "Softdisk #1", with the preceding month's issue considered either "#0" or unnumbered.
Originally, the subscribers had to send back the previous month's disk when the following issue was received; reusable mailers were used for this purpose, with a postage-paid return address label on the flip side of the address label used for outbound mailing, which was inserted in a plastic Ziploc baggie on the outside of the mailer so it could be reversed by the recipient. This disk return requirement was due in part to the fact that floppy disks were more expensive in those days and needed to be reused for economy, but was also designed to allow the subscribers to participate by leaving feedback electronically on the returning disks, as well as article and program submissions.
At first, the only payment for published material was in the form of coupons for free issues (subscriptions were on a month-to-month basis, with subscribers enclosing payment for the next issue along with returning disks; the price was $5 per issue at first), though eventually monetary payments were instituted. There was quite a bit of submitted material even before there was any financial incentive to participate; similarly to later projects such as open-source software and wikis, Softdisk found a community of willing participants with motives other than making money.
As the publication grew and evolved, however, it became more conventional and "mainstream", losing some of its early quirky flavor and the community that developed around it; ultimately, it was more of a normal commercial publication, sold on an annual subscription basis and in retail stores, with a paid staff and contracted freelancers to produce material, and without any disk-return requirement.
Within the App |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soundtracker | Soundtracker may refer to:
Ultimate Soundtracker: a music tracker program for the Commodore Amiga
SoundTracker (Unix): a music tracker program for Unix-like operating systems
Soundtracker (ZX Spectrum): a music tracker program for the ZX Spectrum
Soundtracker (music streaming): a music streaming platform for mobile devices |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ESTRACK | The European Space Tracking (ESTRACK) network consists of a number of ground-based space-tracking stations belonging to the European Space Agency (ESA), and operated by the European Space Operations Centre (ESOC) in Darmstadt, Germany. The stations support various ESA spacecraft and facilitate communications between ground operators and scientific probes such as XMM-Newton, Mars Express, BepiColombo, Gaia. Similar networks are run by the USA, China, Russia, Japan, and India.
Composition
The Core ESTRACK network is composed of seven ESA-owned ground stations and the ESTRACK Control Centre in the ESOC. Four of the stations are used for tracking satellites and launchers near Earth and three are used for tracking deep-space probes. Service contracts with commercially operated ground stations and cooperation agreements with international partners allows the network to track satellites that aren't in view of the ESA owned ground stations.
ESA stations
Core Ground Stations
Kourou Station (French Guiana)
Kiruna Station (Sweden)
Redu Station (Belgium)
Santa Maria Island Station (Azores, Portugal)
Deep Space Antennas
Cebreros Station (Spain)
New Norcia Station (Australia)
Malargüe Station (Argentina)
Augmented Network
South Point
Santiago
Troll
Svalbard
Dongara
Cooperative Network
Poker Flat
Goldstone
Weilheim
Esrange
Hartebeesthoek
Malindi Space Centre (Kenya)
Kerguelen
Usuda
Masuda
Canberra
Former stations
Perth Station (Australia)
Maspalomas Station (Gran Canaria, Spain)
Villafranca Station (Spain)
Antennas
Each ESTRACK station is different, supporting multiple missions, some sharing one or more of the same missions. The ESTRACK core network consists of:
Three 35-metre diameter deep space antennas (New Norcia, Cebreros and Malargüe).
Three 15-metre antennas (Kourou, Kiruna, Redu)
One 13-metre antenna (Kiruna)
One 5.5-metre antenna (Santa-Maria)
One 4.5-meter antenna (New-Norcia 2)
One 2-meter antenna (Malindi, Kenya)
Six GPS-TDAF antennas
The antennas are remotely operated from the ESTRACK Network Operations Centre (NOC) located at ESOC. The ESTRACK core network is completed by antenna belonging to cooperative agencies and antennas belonging to commercial partners.
On 1 January 2013, the 35-metre station Marlargüe became the newest station to join the ESTRACK Deep Space Network.
The station in Santa-Maria can be used to track Ariane launches and it is also capable of tracking Vega and Soyuz launchers operated from ESA's Spaceport at Kourou, French Guiana.
The antenna in Malindi (Malindi Space Centre (Kenya)) can be used for Launch and Early Orbit Phases.
The small antenna in New-Norcia can be used for Launch and Early Orbit Phases and for tracking rain, Vega and Soyuz launchers operated from ESA's Spaceport at Kourou, French Guiana.
See also
European Space Operations Centre (ESOC)
European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC)
European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC)
European Astronaut Centre (EA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WVGN-LD | WVGN-LD (channel 19) is a low-power television station in Charlotte Amalie, Saint Thomas, serving as the NBC affiliate for the United States Virgin Islands. Owned by Caribbean Broadcasting Network, it is a sister station to dual This TV/Fox affiliate WVXF (channel 17). WVGN-LD's transmitter is located on Signal Hill.
WVGN is available on Viya Cable channel 11, and as part of the Virgin Islands locals package on Dish Network. The station was also available in Puerto Rico on Dish until December 31, 2013 when it was replaced by a new NBC station on WKAQ-TV's third digital subchannel.
The station simulcasts the 6 a.m., 5 p.m., 6 p.m., and 11 p.m. ET editions of WNBC's News 4 New York broadcasts. Notably, WNBC was the default NBC affiliate for the Virgin Islands until WVGN signed on. WVGN does not provide any local newscasts for the U.S. Virgin Islands.
Subchannel
References
External links
NBC network affiliates
VGN-LD
Television channels and stations established in 2004
2004 establishments in the United States Virgin Islands
Low-power television stations in the United States Virgin Islands
Charlotte Amalie, U.S. Virgin Islands |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical%20Nuclear%20Weapon%20Design%20Information | Critical Nuclear Weapon Design Information (CNWDI, often pronounced SIN-widdy or SIN-wuh-dee) is a U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) category of Top Secret Restricted Data or Secret Restricted Data that reveals the theory of operation or design of the components of a thermonuclear or fission bomb, warhead, demolition munition, or test device. Specifically excluded is information concerning arming, fuzing, and firing systems; limited life components; and total contained quantities of fissionable, fusionable, and high explosive materials by type. Among these excluded items are the components that DoD personnel set, maintain, operate, test or replace. The sensitivity of DoD CNWDI is such that access is granted to the absolute minimum number of employees who require it for the accomplishment of assigned responsibilities on a classified contract. Because of the importance of such information, special requirements have been established for its control.
Markings
In addition to other required markings, CNWDI material should be clearly marked, "Critical Nuclear Weapon Design Information-DoD Directive 5210.2 Applies." As a minimum, CNWDI documents shall show such markings on the cover or first page. Portions of documents that contain CNWDI shall be marked with an (N) or (CNWDI) following the classification of the portion. For example, TS(RD)(N) or TS(RD)(CNWDI).
Weapon Data
That portion of Restricted Data or Formerly Restricted Data that concerns the design, manufacture, or utilization (including theory, development, storage, characteristics, performance, and effects) of atomic weapons or atomic weapon components and nuclear explosive devices is called Weapon Data and it has special protection provisions. Weapon Data is divided into eight Sigma categories the protection of which is prescribed by DOE Order 5610.2, CONTROL OF WEAPON DATA. However, certain Weapon Data has been re-categorized as CNWDI.
See also
Q clearance
Sources
National Industrial Security Program Operating Manual (NISPOM), Feb 2006 edition
United States government secrecy
Classified information in the United States
Nuclear secrecy
Nuclear weapon design |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABS-CBN | ABS-CBN (an initialism of its two predecessors' names, Alto Broadcasting System and Chronicle Broadcasting Network) is a Philippine commercial broadcast network that serves as the flagship property of the ABS-CBN Corporation, a company under Lopez Holdings Corporation owned by the López family. The network is headquartered at the ABS-CBN Broadcasting Center in Quezon City, with additional offices and production facilities in 25 major cities including Baguio, Naga, Bacolod, Iloilo, Cebu, Davao, and Bulacan, where ABS-CBN's production and post-production facility in Horizon IT Park is located. ABS-CBN is colloquially referred to as the Kapamilya Network; its brand was originally introduced in 1999 and was officially introduced in 2003 during the celebration of its 50th anniversary, and was used until it was forced by the National Telecommunications Commission to cease and desist from free-to-air broadcasting due to the lack of Congressional Franchise. On May 5, 2020, when the network was renamed Kapamilya Forever in support for the network's franchise renewal on May 13, 2020. ABS-CBN is the largest media company in the Philippines and oldest television broadcaster in Southeast Asia.
ABS-CBN is the first television network in Southeast Asia to broadcast in color, and one of the oldest commercial television broadcasters in Asia. It has also been the leading television network in the Philippines with advertising revenues of 21.2 billion pesos for the 2015 fiscal year.
Since the shutdown, the network has rebranded itself as a mass content company and produced television programs, films and other entertainment content through partnerships with independent production companies and broadcasters, including former rival TV broadcasters A2Z, TV5, GMA Network, BEAM TV and the startup All TV which took over its formerly used frequency. The network's social media accounts are mainly managed by ABS-CBN Digital Media, which have an estimated less than 100 million followers across multiple social media websites. The network's entertainment YouTube channel is the most-subscribed and most-viewed channel in Southeast Asia, with over 45 million subscribers and over 50 billion views (as of September 2023).
History
Bolinao Electronics Corporation (BEC) was founded on June 13, 1946. It was established by James Lindenberg, one of the founding fathers of Philippine television and an American electronics engineer who went into radio equipment assembly and radio broadcasting. At the time, the largest media company was the Manila Broadcasting Company, with DZRH as the leading radio station. In 1949, James Lindenberg shifted Bolinao to radio broadcasting with DZBC and planned the introduction of television to the Philippines in 1953.
In 1951, Lindenberg partnered with Antonio Quirino, brother of then-Philippine president Elpidio Quirino, to try television broadcasting. In 1952, BEC was renamed Alto Broadcasting System or ABS (with Alto Sales Corporation as its corporate |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pertec%20Computer | Pertec Computer Corporation (PCC), formerly Peripheral Equipment Corporation (PEC), was a computer company based in Chatsworth, California which originally designed and manufactured peripherals such as floppy drives, tape drives, instrumentation control and other hardware for computers.
Pertec's most successful products were hard disk drives and tape drives, which were sold as OEM to the top computer manufacturers, including IBM, Siemens and DEC. Pertec manufactured multiple models of seven and nine-track half-inch tape drives with densities 800CPI (NRZI) and 1600CPI (PE) and phase-encoding formatters, which were used by myriad original equipment manufacturers as I/O devices for their product lines.
In the 1970s, Pertec entered the computer industry through several acquisitions of computer producers and started manufacturing and marketing mostly minicomputers for data processing and pre-processing. This split up Pertec into two companies. Pertec Peripherals Corporation (PPC), which remained based in Chatsworth, California, and Pertec Computer Corporation (PCC), which was located at 17112 Armstrong Avenue, in Irvine, California.
Pertec and MITS
Pertec bought MITS, the manufacturers of the MITS Altair computer, for US$6.5 million in 1976. This purchase was motivated mainly by the ownership of the Microsoft BASIC sources and general license that Pertec erroneously assumed to be included in the deal. They also acquired iCOM Microperipherals, makers of computer peripherals, in the same year. They believed that these acquisitions would change them from selling computers mostly for hobbyists, to selling them for small businesses.
Pertec changed their name, after the acquisition of MITS, from Pertec Corporation to Pertec Computer Corporation to "be more reflective of the company's present position and to clearly state our future direction".
As a result of the acquisition, Pertec became involved in the manufacturing of microprocessor-based computers. Their first models were expanded versions of the Altair models, typically coupled to the existing disk-drive range. Despite initially good sales, the Altair's 8080 CPU was becoming increasingly outdated, so Pertec decided to retire the Altair as well as the MITS name itself.
In 1978, the company launched the first of its own designs, the PCC-2000. This was based on two Intel 8085 series microprocessors: one of which was given over to I/O control. Being a high end machine, it was intended to be the core of what would now be described as a workgroup. The machine was intended to support four "dumb" terminals connected via RS-232 serial lines, in addition to its internal console. The basic machine had twin 8-inch floppy drives, each capable of storing 1.2 megabytes and could link to two Pertec twin 14-inch disk drives, giving a total of 22.4 megabytes of storage, which was a very large amount for the time. The system was generally supplied with a multi-user operating system called MTX, which included a BAS |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AUSTPAC | AUSTPAC was a public X.25 network operated by Telstra. Started by Telecom Australia in 1982, AUSTPAC was Australia's first public packet-switched data network, supporting applications such as online betting, financial applications (the Australian Taxation Office has made use of AUSTPAC) and remote terminal access to academic institutions, some of which maintained their connections to AUSTPAC up until the mid to late 1990s. Austpac could be accessed by dial-up to a PAD or by linking an X.25 node to the network permanently.
The Austpac general access telephone number was 01924 within Australia.
Shutdown of Austpac
On 31 July 2006, Telstra announced the following timetable for the shutdown of Austpac:
From 31 July 31 2006, Austpac dedicated and dialup services via X.25, X.28, X.32 & X.75 would no longer be sold to new customers.
From 31 December 31 2007, Austpac dedicated and dialup services via X.25, X.28, X.32 & X.75 would no longer be sold to existing customers.
On 30 June 30 2008, the Austpac network was decommissioned and was no longer be available to customers.
Austpac continued to be provisioned to Argent and Digital Data Services (DDS) customers to access and manage their service, until further notice. Argent and DDS customers' service will not be terminated as a result of the withdrawal of Austpac.
References
External links
Notes on Austpac, by Vorper VII, 28/9/1998
The Nomenclature Maze, by Katie Blake
1982 establishments in Australia
Telstra
Wide area networks
X.25 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SDO | SDO may stand for:
Science and technology
Scattered disc object in the Solar System
Selective door operation on trains
Service Data Object protocol under the CANopen protocol
Service Data Objects, allowing uniform data access
Social dominance orientation, a personality trait
Solar Dynamics Observatory, a NASA mission to study the Sun
Spatial Data Option, late Oracle Spatial and Graph
Standards developing organization
Subdwarf O star (sdO)
Intel Secure Device Onboard for IoT
Other uses
San Diego Opera, California, US
SDO Bussum, a Dutch association football club |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superstabilization | Superstabilization is a concept of fault-tolerance in distributed computing. Superstabilizing distributed algorithms combine the features of self-stabilizing algorithms and dynamic algorithms. A superstabilizing algorithm – just like any other self-stabilizing algorithm – can be started in an arbitrary state, and it will eventually converge to a legitimate state. Additionally, a superstabilizing algorithm will recover rapidly from a single change in the network topology (adding or removing one edge or node in the network).
Any self-stabilizing algorithm recovers from a change in the network topology – the system configuration after a topology change can be treated just like any other arbitrary starting configuration. However, in a self-stabilizing algorithm, the convergence after a single change in the network topology may be as slow as the convergence from an arbitrary starting state. In the study of superstabilizing algorithms, special attention is paid to the time it takes to recover from a single change in the network topology.
Definitions
The stabilization time of a superstabilizing algorithm is defined exactly as in the case of self-stabilizing algorithm: how long it takes to converge to a legitimate state from an arbitrary configuration. Depending on the computational model, time is measured, e.g., in synchronous communication rounds or in asynchronous cycles.
The superstabilization time is the time to recover from a single topology change. It is assumed that the system is initially in a legitimate configuration. Then the network topology is changed; the superstabilization time is the maximum time it takes for the system to reach a legitimate configuration again. Similarly, the adjustment measure is the maximum number of nodes that have to change their state after such changes.
The “almost-legitimate configurations” which occur after one topology change can be formally modelled by using passage predicates: a passage predicate is a predicate that holds after a single change in the network topology, and also during the convergence to a legitimate configuration.
References
, article 4.
, Section 7.1.
Distributed computing problems
Fault-tolerant computer systems |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle%20Applications | Oracle Applications comprise the applications software or business software of the Oracle Corporation both in the cloud and on-premises. The term refers to the non-database and non-middleware parts. The suite of applications includes enterprise resource planning, enterprise performance management, supply chain & manufacturing, human capital management, and advertising and customer experience.
Oracle initially launched its application suite with financials software in the late 1980s. By 2009, the offering extended to supply chain management, human-resource management, warehouse-management, customer-relationship management, call-center services, product-lifecycle management, and many other areas. Both in-house expansion and the acquisition of other companies have vastly expanded Oracle's application software business.
In February 2007, Oracle released Oracle E-Business Suite (EBS/e-BS) Release 12 (R12)a bundling of several Oracle Applications. The release date coincided with new releases of other Oracle-owned products: JD Edwards EnterpriseOne, Siebel Systems and PeopleSoft.
Oracle also has a portfolio of enterprise applications for the cloud (SaaS) known as Oracle Fusion Cloud Applications. These cloud applications include Oracle Cloud ERP, Oracle Cloud EPM, Oracle Cloud HCM, Oracle Cloud SCM, and Oracle Advertising and CX.
Cloud applications
Oracle provides SaaS applications also known as Oracle Fusion Cloud Applications. The following enterprise cloud applications are available on Oracle Cloud.
Oracle Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Cloud
Oracle Enterprise Performance Management (EPM) Cloud
Oracle Human Capital Management (HCM) Cloud
Oracle Supply Chain Management (SCM) Cloud
Oracle Advertising and Customer Experience (CX) Cloud
Oracle Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
Oracle Cloud ERP is a cloud-based ERP software application suite that manages enterprise functions including accounting, financial management, project management, and procurement.
Oracle Enterprise Performance Management (EPM)
Oracle Cloud EPM is a cloud-based EPM software application suite that manages enterprise operational processes including planning, budgeting, and reporting.
Oracle Human Capital Management (HCM)
Oracle Cloud HCM is a cloud-based HCM software application suite that manages global HR, talent, and workforce management. Oracle Cloud HCM was released in 2011 as a part of Oracle Fusion Applications.
Oracle Supply Chain Management (SCM)
Oracle Cloud SCM, also known as Oracle Supply Chain & Manufacturing, is a cloud-based SCM software application suite used by companies to build and manage intelligent supply chains. This includes support for procurement, order management, manufacturing, product lifecycle management, maintenance, logistics, and supply chain planning and execution.
Oracle Advertising and Customer Experience (CX)
Oracle Advertising and Customer Experience (CX) is a cloud-based application suite that includes tools for adverti |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiele%20Sanchez | Kiele Michelle Sanchez ( ; born October 13, 1977) is an American actress who starred in the A&E Network drama The Glades. Previously, she had starred as Anne Sorelli in The WB comedy-drama Related and as Nikki Fernandez on the main cast in the third season of the ABC television drama series Lost. She also starred in the DirecTV drama series Kingdom on the Audience Network.
Early life and education
Sanchez was born in Chicago. Her father, Oscar Sanchez, is a racetrack jockey agent. She is one of four children, and is of Puerto Rican descent. Sanchez began her acting career at Glenbard North High School in Carol Stream, Illinois, when she performed in a school production of The Grapes of Wrath. Her performance helped her overcome her stage fright, with which she struggled at the time.
Career
In 2000, Sanchez auditioned for MTV's Wanna Be a VJ contest in New York. She was selected as one of the five finalists, but did not win the competition. However, an agent who had seen her on MTV expressed interest in representing her.
After her agent recommended a move to Los Angeles, Sanchez auditioned and landed roles in the short-lived drama series That Was Then and the sitcom Married to the Kellys. In 2003, Sanchez appeared in the film Stuck on You. She joined the cast of the hit ABC show Lost for the series' third season, as Nikki Fernandez, but due to fan responses to her character, she was killed off six episodes after her first appearance. She had a recurring role on the ABC show Samantha Who?. She played a leading role in the 2008 film Insanitarium alongside Jesse Metcalfe and co-starred in the 2009 thriller A Perfect Getaway as Gina, Nick's (Timothy Olyphant) girlfriend. Sanchez's character was famously seen nude swimming near a waterfall in her first scene.
Sanchez starred in the 2010 film 30 Days of Night: Dark Days, taking over the role of Stella Oleson from Melissa George, who played her in the first film. Sanchez also starred in the DirecTV drama series Kingdom which premiered on the Audience Network in the fall of 2014. She also appears in The Glades which ran for four years.
In February 2020, she was cast as Lorna (the ex-wife of Mickey Haller) in the CBS series The Lincoln Lawyer, which is based on the 2005 novel of the same name by Michael Connelly.
In November 2022, Sanchez joined her husband Zach Gilford in a recurring role as Sydney Voit, the wife of Gilford's character Elias Voit in Criminal Minds: Evolution.
Personal life
Sanchez was married to screenwriter and director Zach Helm from 2001 to 2008.
In 2010, Sanchez began dating actor Zach Gilford, with whom she co-starred in the ABC television pilot The Matadors. The couple became engaged in November 2011, and married on December 29, 2012. The couple also co-starred in The Purge: Anarchy. In August 2015, Sanchez announced that she and Gilford were expecting their first child, a son, that November. In October 2015, the couple announced that Sanchez had suffered a stillbirth. In N |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Million%20service%20units | A million service units (MSU) is a measurement of the amount of processing work a computer can perform in one hour. The term is most commonly associated with IBM mainframes. It reflects how IBM rates the machine in terms of charging capacity. The technical measure of processing power on IBM mainframes, however, are Service Units per second (or SU/sec).
One “service unit” originally related to an actual hardware performance measurement (a specific model’s instruction performance). However, that relationship disappeared many years ago as hardware and software evolved. MSUs are now like other common (but physically imprecise) measurements, such as “cans of coffee” or “tubes of toothpaste.” (Cans and tubes can vary in physical size depending on brand, market, and other factors. Some coffee cans contain 500 grams and others 13 ounces, for example.)
Most mainframe software vendors use a licensing and pricing model in which the customers are charged per MSU consumed (i.e. the number of operations the software has performed) in addition to hardware and software installation costs. Others charge by total MSU system capacity. Thus, while MSU is an artificial construction, it does have a direct financial implication. In fact, software charges are why the MSU measurement exists at all.
IBM publishes MSU ratings for every mainframe server model, including the zSeries and System z9 ranges. For example, a zSeries z890 Model 110 is a 4 MSU system. MSU ratings are always rounded to whole numbers. IBM enforces an MSU rule called the “technology dividend”: each new mainframe model has a 10% lower MSU rating for the same level of system capacity. For example, when IBM introduced the System z9-109 in 2005, if a particular z9 configuration could process the same number of transactions per second as its predecessor (a particular z990 configuration) then it would do so with 10% fewer MSUs. The lower MSU rating means lower software costs, providing an incentive for customers to upgrade.
However, as software costs are not linear with MSUs, decreasing or increasing MSUs will not show a proportional change in software costs. The "least expensive" MSUs will be added (with increased MSUs) or removed (with decreased MSUs). For example, a 10% increase in MSUs will result in a software cost increase of less than 10%. How much more (or less, if reducing MSUs) depends on numerous other factors.
Sample usage
“Our accounting department will need 6.5 MSUs on a System z9-109 from 10 p.m. to 1:00 a.m. each night in order make sure our quarterly financial statements arrive on time.”
“You will need 8 more Db2 MSUs for your z900 to handle this year’s Christmas sales rush. Since your current z900 configuration doesn’t have enough capacity to add 8 Db2 MSUs, you need to add another engine. It might be less expensive to upgrade to a z9 because of the double technology dividend.”
See also
Instructions per second
z/OS
z/VSE
External links
Sample MSU Figures for various hardw |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute%20Radio%2080s | Absolute Radio 80s (known on-air as Absolute 80s) is a national digital radio station, owned and operated by Bauer as part of the Absolute Radio Network.
History
Absolute Radio 80s launched at 7.00pm on 4 December 2009, replacing Absolute Xtreme.
The marketing plan for Absolute 80s started with targeted sampling at 80s events such as Madness, Pet Shop Boys and Depeche Mode at the O2 Arena, Erasure at the NEC Birmingham and Simple Minds at the Wembley Arena. The first track to play on the station was "(You Gotta) Fight for Your Right (To Party!)" by the Beastie Boys.
On 14 May 2010, Absolute 80s began broadcasting in mono at 64kbps on Digital One national DAB digital radio.
On 29 February 2016, the station switched to the newly launched Sound Digital multiplex (an "upgrade" to 80kbps in mono) although it continued to broadcast on Digital One until the end of April 2016.
On 16 October 2023, Absolute 80s switched to DAB+ broadcasting in stereo.
DJs
The station's DJs include Leona Graham, Sarah Champion, Richie Firth and Chris Martin. Claire Sturgess hosts a live 80s show every Friday on sister station Absolute Radio that is also simulcast live on Absolute 80s called Friday Night 80s. The Dave Berry Breakfast Show is also simulcast live on Absolute 80s. Tony Hadley, the former lead singer of Spandau Ballet, used to host the two-hour 80s Party on Saturdays from 6pm, that ended in December 2019. Sarah Champion looks back on the chart hits of the decade on the 80s Chart Show on a Sunday from 4pm, with Chris Martin looking back on the albums of the decade from 7pm. Matthew Rudd hosts a Sunday night show, Forgotten 80s, featuring lesser-played hits of the decade from 9pm. From 23 September 2019, Absolute Radio's Hometime with Bush and Richie is simulcast on weekdays, with the same "split playlist" system as used at breakfast allowing relevant music to be played on each station.
References
External links
Absolute Radio
Radio stations established in 2009
2009 establishments in the United Kingdom
1980s-themed radio stations
Bauer Radio |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular%20neural%20network | In computer science and machine learning, cellular neural networks (CNN) or cellular nonlinear networks (CNN) are a parallel computing paradigm similar to neural networks, with the difference that communication is allowed between neighbouring units only. Typical applications include image processing, analyzing 3D surfaces, solving partial differential equations, reducing non-visual problems to geometric maps, modelling biological vision and other sensory-motor organs.
CNN is not to be confused with convolutional neural network (also colloquially called CNN).
CNN architecture
Due to their number and variety of architectures, it is difficult to give a precise definition for a CNN processor. From an architecture standpoint, CNN processors are a system of finite, fixed-number, fixed-location, fixed-topology, locally interconnected, multiple-input, single-output, nonlinear processing units. The nonlinear processing units are often referred to as neurons or cells. Mathematically, each cell can be modeled as a dissipative, nonlinear dynamical system where information is encoded via its initial state, inputs and variables used to define its behavior. Dynamics are usually continuous, as in the case of Continuous-Time CNN (CT-CNN) processors, but can be discrete, as in the case of Discrete-Time CNN (DT-CNN) processors.
Each cell has one output, by which it communicates its state with both other cells and external devices. Output is typically real-valued, but can be complex or even quaternion, i.e. a Multi-Valued CNN (MV-CNN). Most CNN processors, processing units are identical, but there are applications that require non-identical units, which are called Non-Uniform Processor CNN (NUP-CNN) processors, and consist of different types of cells.
Chua-Yang CNN
In the original Chua-Yang CNN (CY-CNN) processor, the state of the cell was a weighted sum of the inputs and the output was a piecewise linear function. However, like the original perceptron-based neural networks, the functions it could perform were limited: specifically, it was incapable of modeling non-linear functions, such as XOR. More complex functions are realizable via Non-Linear CNN (NL-CNN) processors.
Cells are defined in a normed gridded space like two-dimensional Euclidean geometry. However, the cells are not limited to two-dimensional spaces; they can be defined in an arbitrary number of dimensions and can be square, triangle, hexagonal, or any other spatially invariant arrangement. Topologically, cells can be arranged on an infinite plane or on a toroidal space. Cell interconnect is local, meaning that all connections between cells are within a specified radius (with distance measured topologically). Connections can also be time-delayed to allow for processing in the temporal domain.
Most CNN architectures have cells with the same relative interconnects, but there are applications that require a spatially variant topology, i.e. Multiple-Neighborhood-Size CNN (MNS-CNN) processors. Als |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAP%20%28file%20format%29 | SAP is a file format that stores music data from Atari 8-bit computers that uses the POKEY sound chip. Most popular tunes were written between 1981-1987.
The format is similar to the SID, SPC or NSF formats, in that it is a music data format which is supported by a player, which emulates the central processing unit and sound hardware of the original hardware in order to play music.
SAP files can be played by a SAP player or plugin, currently available for a wide variety of platforms. For instance, on the Macintosh platform, VLC version 2 and above, both on PowerPC and Intel architectures, can play SAP files. In addition, tools exist to convert SAP files to other formats.
References
External links
SAP Format Specification
ASMA — Atari SAP Music Archive A collection of players and music
ASAP — Another Slight Atari Player SAP player (POKEY and 6502 emulation core + plugins for various music players)
Atari 8-bit family
Audio storage
Video game music file formats |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMBRelay | SMBRelay and SMBRelay2 are computer programs that can be used to carry out SMB man-in-the-middle (mitm) attacks on Windows machines. They were written by Sir Dystic of CULT OF THE DEAD COW (cDc) and released March 21, 2001 at the @lantacon convention in Atlanta, Georgia. More than seven years after its release, Microsoft released a patch that fixed the hole exploited by SMBRelay. This fix only fixes the vulnerability when the SMB is reflected back to the client. If it is forwarded to another host, the vulnerability can be still exploited.
SMBRelay
SMBrelay receives a connection on UDP port 139 and relays the packets between the client and server of the connecting Windows machine to the originating computer's port 139. It modifies these packets when necessary.
After connecting and authenticating, the target's client is disconnected and SMBRelay binds to port 139 on a new IP address. This relay address can then be connected to directly using "net use \\192.1.1.1" and then used by all of the networking functions built into Windows. The program relays all of the SMB traffic, excluding negotiation and authentication. As long as the target host remains connected, the user can disconnect from and reconnect to this virtual IP.
SMBRelay collects the NTLM password hashes and writes them to hashes.txt in a format usable by L0phtCrack for cracking at a later time.
As port 139 is a privileged port and requires administrator access for use, SMBRelay must run as an administrator access account. However, since port 139 is needed for NetBIOS sessions, it is difficult to block.
According to Sir Dystic, "The problem is that from a marketing standpoint, Microsoft wants their products to have as much backward compatibility as possible; but by continuing to use protocols that have known issues, they continue to leave their customers at risk to exploitation... These are, yet again, known issues that have existed since day one of this protocol. This is not a bug but a fundamental design flaw. To assume that nobody has used this method to exploit people is silly; it took me less than two weeks to write SMBRelay."
SMBRelay2
SMBRelay2 works at the NetBIOS level across any protocol to which NetBIOS is bound (such as NBF or NBT). It differs from SMBrelay in that it uses NetBIOS names rather than IP addresses.
SMBRelay2 also supports man-in-the-middling to a third host. However, it only supports listening on one name at a time.
See also
Pass the hash
References
External links
The SMB Man-In-the-Middle Attack by Sir Dystic
Symantec Security Bulletin
How to disable LM authentication on Windows NT - lists affected operating systems
Your Field Guide To Designing Security Into Networking Protocols
Extended Protection for Authentication
Windows security software
Computer security exploits
Internet Protocol based network software
Cult of the Dead Cow software |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MultiDimensional%20eXpressions | Multidimensional Expressions (MDX) is a query language for online analytical processing (OLAP) using a database management system. Much like SQL, it is a query language for OLAP cubes. It is also a calculation language, with syntax similar to spreadsheet formulae.
Background
The MultiDimensional eXpressions (MDX) language provides a specialized syntax for querying and manipulating the multidimensional data stored in OLAP cubes. While it is possible to translate some of these into traditional SQL, it would frequently require the synthesis of clumsy SQL expressions even for very simple MDX expressions. MDX has been embraced by a wide majority of OLAP vendors and has become the standard for OLAP systems.
History
MDX was first introduced as part of the OLE DB for OLAP specification in 1997 from Microsoft. It was invented by the group of SQL Server engineers including Mosha Pasumansky. The specification was quickly followed by commercial release of Microsoft OLAP Services 7.0 in 1998 and later by Microsoft Analysis Services. The latest version of the OLE DB for OLAP specification was issued by Microsoft in 1999.
While it was not an open standard, but rather a Microsoft-owned specification, it was adopted by a wide range of OLAP vendors.
The XML for Analysis specification referred back to the OLE DB for OLAP specification for details on the MDX Query Language. In Analysis Services 2005, Microsoft added some MDX Query Language extensions like subselects. Products like Microsoft Excel 2007 started to use these new MDX Query Language extensions. Some refer to this newer variant of MDX as MDX 2005.
mdXML
In 2001 the XMLA Council released the XML for Analysis (XMLA) standard, which included mdXML as a query language. In the XMLA 1.1 specification, mdXML is essentially MDX wrapped in the XML <Statement> tag.
MDX data types
There are six primary data types in MDX
Scalar. Scalar is either a number or a string. It can be specified as a literal, e.g. number 5 or string "OLAP" or it can be returned by an MDX function, e.g. Aggregate (number), UniqueName (string), .Value (number or string) etc.
Dimension/Hierarchy. Dimension is a dimension of a cube. A dimension is a primary organizer of measure and attribute information in a cube. MDX does not know of, nor does it assume any, dependencies between dimensions - they are assumed to be mutually independent. A dimension will contain some members (see below) organized in some hierarchy or hierarchies containing levels. It can be specified by its unique name, e.g. [Time] or it can be returned by an MDX function, e.g. .Dimension. Hierarchy is a dimension hierarchy of a cube. It can be specified by its unique name, e.g. [Time].[Fiscal] or it can be returned by an MDX function, e.g. .Hierarchy. Hierarchies are contained within dimensions. (OLEDB for OLAP MDX specification does not distinguish between dimension and hierarchy data types. Some implementations, such as Microsoft Analysis Services, treat them differ |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X/Open%20XA | For transaction processing in computing, the X/Open XA standard (short for "eXtended Architecture") is a specification released in 1991 by X/Open (which later merged with The Open Group) for distributed transaction processing (DTP).
Goals
The goal of XA is to guarantee atomicity in "global transactions" that are executed across heterogeneous components. A transaction is a unit of work such as transferring money from one person to another. Distributed transactions update multiple data stores (such as databases, application servers, message queues, transactional caches, etc.) To guarantee integrity, XA uses a two-phase commit (2PC) to ensure that all of a transaction's changes either take effect (commit) or do not (roll back), i.e., atomically.
Architecture
Specifically, XA describes the interface between a global transaction manager and a specific application. An application that wants to use XA engages an XA transaction manager using a library or separate service. The transaction manager tracks the participants in the transaction (i.e. the various data stores to which the application writes), and works with them to carry out the two-phase commit. In other words, the XA transaction manager is separate from an application's interactions with servers. XA maintains a log of its decisions to commit or roll back, which it can use to recover in case of a system outage.
Many software vendors support XA (meaning the software can participate in XA transactions), including a variety of relational databases and message brokers.
Advantages and disadvantages
Since XA uses two-phase commit, the advantages and disadvantages of that protocol generally apply to XA. The main advantage is that XA (using 2PC) allows an atomic transaction across multiple heterogeneous technologies (e.g. a single transaction could encompass multiple databases from different vendors as well as an email server and a message broker), whereas traditional database transactions are limited to a single database.
The main disadvantage is that 2PC is a blocking protocol: the other servers need to wait for the transaction manager to issue a decision about whether to commit or abort each transaction. If the transaction manager goes offline while transactions are waiting for its final decision, they will be stuck and hold their database locks until the transaction manager comes online again and issues its decision. This extended holding of locks may be disruptive to other applications that are using the same databases.
Moreover, if the transaction manager crashes and its record of decisions cannot be recovered (e.g. due to a bug in how the decisions were logged, or due to data corruption on the server), manual intervention may be necessary. Many XA implementations provide an "escape hatch" for transactions to independently decide whether to commit or abort (without waiting to hear from the transaction manager), but this risks violating the atomicity guarantee and is therefore reserved for |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial%20quote | A financial quotation refers to specific market data relating to a security or commodity. While the term quote specifically refers to the bid price or ask price of an instrument, it may be more generically used to relate to the last price which is security traded at ("last sale"). This may refer to both exchange-traded and over-the-counter financial instruments.
Bid and ask
The bid price (also known as the buy price) and the ask price (also known as the sell price) of a security are the prices (and often quantities) at which buyers and sellers are willing to purchase or sell that security. The bid shows the current price at which a buyer is willing to purchase shares, while the ask shows the current price at which they are willing to sell. The quantities at which these trades are placed are referred to as "bid size" and "ask size". For instance, if a trader submits a limit order to buy 1,000 shares of MSFT at $28.00, this order will appear in a market maker for MSFT's book with a bid of $28.00 and a bid size of 1000. The difference between the bid and ask price is known as the bid–ask spread.
Equities
Level 1 Access
Level 1 quotations represent realtime bid/ask data, the most commonly displayed market data. Level-1 data typically will display the Best-Bid-Offer ("BBO" or "Inside Quote"), i.e., the lowest ask and highest bid available at the time.
Level 2 Access
Level 2 data displays the best bid and ask prices (also known as "top-of-book") for each market participant in a given security. In other words, at a given time there may be several market makers participating in trade matching for a specific stock. Level 2 data will display the highest bid and lowest ask for each individual market maker.
Level 2 information is of interest to traders and brokers because it indicates the buying and selling pressure behind individual securities.
Similar in format to live streaming share prices, a typical Level 2 screen is split in two vertical halves and will show orders on both the bid price of a security (left-hand side) and the offer price (right-hand side).
On major, heavily traded stocks the "depth" of the orders can quite often be in excess of 20/30 orders to both buy and sell at lower (left) and higher (right) prices.
Traders can use this information to predict the short-term movement of a share or security in conjunction with volume traded, and attempt to profit from this information, which is usually legal as the information is in the public domain. The reason for this is that market makers sit “behind” such a screen by being obliged to both buy and sell the share at the posted price up to what is known as normal market size.
For certain market centers such as NASDAQ, a full depth-of-book (DOB) is available, whereby every quotation for every market participant is displayed.
UK Level 2
The stock exchange electronic trading system (SETS) is an electronic order-driven system for trading the UK bluechip stocks including FTSE 100 a |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/31-bit%20computing | In computer architecture, 31-bit integers, memory addresses, or other data units are those that are 31 bits wide.
In 1983, IBM introduced 31-bit addressing in the System/370-XA mainframe architecture as an upgrade to the 24-bit physical and virtual, and transitional 24-bit-virtual/26-bit physical, addressing in System/370. This enhancement allowed address spaces to be 128 times larger, permitting programs to address memory above 16 MB (referred to as "above the line"). Support for COBOL, FORTRAN and later on Linux/390 were included.
In the early 1980s, the Motorola 68012 was introduced; it had 32-bit data and address registers, as the Motorola 68010 did, but instead of providing the lower 24 bits of an address on the address pins, it provided all but bit 30 on the address pins.
31-bit computer
The Librascope LGP-30 was an early off-the-shelf computer. The LGP-30 was first manufactured in 1956, at a retail price of $47,000, .
It was a binary, 31-bit word computer with a 4096-word drum memory. There were 32 bit locations per drum word, but only 31 were used, permitting a "restoration of magnetic flux in the head" at the 32nd bit time. The number of vacuum tubes was minimized by using solid-state diode logic, a bit-serial architecture and multiple use of each of its 15 flip-flops.
The LGP-30 was commonly referred to as a desk computer. Its height, width, and depth, excluding the typewriter shelf, was 33 by 44 by 26 inches (84 by 112 by 66 cm). It weighed about 800 pounds (360 kg), and was mounted on sturdy casters which facilitated moving the unit.
IBM mainframes with 31-bit addressing
In the System/360, other than the 360/67, and early System/370 architectures, the general-purpose registers were 32 bits wide, the machine did 32-bit arithmetic operations, and addresses were always stored in 32-bit words, so the architecture was considered 32-bit, but the machines ignored the top 8 bits of the address resulting in 24-bit addressing.
With the System/370-XA architecture and the IBM Enterprise Systems Architecture, in addition to a 24-bit addressing mode for compatibility with older applications, there is a 31-bit addressing mode, in which only the high order bit (bit 0) in the word is ignored for addressing. An exception is that mode-switching instructions also use bit 0. There were at least two reasons that IBM did not implement the 32-bit addressing of the 360/67
The loop control instructions BXH and BXLE did signed comparisons.
Much of the existing software used bit 0 as an end-of-list indicator.
The 64-bit z/Architecture also supports 24-bit and 31-bit addressing modes for compatibility with older applications.
Ruby & Smalltalk
Interpreters for Ruby & Smalltalk languages use the lowest bit to tell whether a value is an unboxed integer or not. This means that on 32-bit machines (or 16-bit machines with 32-bit pointers), 31-bit integers are unboxed. In case of overflow, the result is fit into a boxed object, which means that it has to be |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/24-bit%20computing | Notable 24-bit machines include the CDC 924 – a 24-bit version of the CDC 1604, CDC lower 3000 series, SDS 930 and SDS 940, the ICT 1900 series, the Elliott 4100 series, and the Datacraft minicomputers/Harris H series.
The term SWORD is sometimes used to describe a 24-bit data type with the S prefix referring to sesqui.
The range of unsigned integers that can be represented in 24 bits is 0 to 16,777,215 ( in hexadecimal). The range of signed integers that can be represented in 24 bits is −8,388,608 to 8,388,607.
Usage
The IBM System/360, announced in 1964, was a popular computer system with 24-bit addressing and 32-bit general registers and arithmetic. The early 1980s saw the first popular personal computers, including the IBM PC/AT with an Intel 80286 processor using 24-bit addressing and 16-bit general registers and arithmetic, and the Apple Macintosh 128K with a Motorola 68000 processor featuring 24-bit addressing and 32-bit registers.
The eZ80 is a microprocessor and microcontroller family, with 24-bit registers and therefore 24-bit linear addressing, that is binary compatible with the 8/16-bit Z80.
The 65816 is a microprocessor and microcontroller family with 16-bit registers and 24-bit bank switched addressing. It is binary compatible with the 8-bit 6502.
Several fixed-point digital signal processors have a 24-bit data bus, selected as the basic word length because it gave the system a reasonable precision for the processing audio (sound). In particular, the Motorola 56000 series has three parallel 24-bit data buses, one connected to each memory space: program memory, data memory X, and data memory Y.
Engineering Research Associates (later merged into UNIVAC) designed a series of 24-bit drum memory machines including the Atlas, its commercial version the UNIVAC 1101, the ATHENA computer, the UNIVAC 1824 guidance computer, etc. Those designers selected a 24-bit word length because the Earth is roughly 40 million feet in diameter, and an intercontinental ballistic missile guidance computer needs to do the Earth-centered inertial navigation calculations to an accuracy of a few feet.
OpenCL has a built-in intrinsic for multiplication (mul24()) with two 24-bit integers, returning a 32-bit result. It is typically much faster than a 32-bit multiplication.
See also
Catena, a term used for a 24-bit unit of data on the Bull Gamma 60 computer
References
Data unit |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information%20gain%20%28decision%20tree%29 | In information theory and machine learning, information gain is a synonym for Kullback–Leibler divergence; the amount of information gained about a random variable or signal from observing another random variable. However, in the context of decision trees, the term is sometimes used synonymously with mutual information, which is the conditional expected value of the Kullback–Leibler divergence of the univariate probability distribution of one variable from the conditional distribution of this variable given the other one.
The information gain of a random variable X obtained from an observation of a random variable A taking value is defined the Kullback–Leibler divergence of the prior distribution for x from the posterior distribution for x given a.
The expected value of the information gain is the mutual information of X and A – i.e. the reduction in the entropy of X achieved by learning the state of the random variable A.
In machine learning, this concept can be used to define a preferred sequence of attributes to investigate to most rapidly narrow down the state of X. Such a sequence (which depends on the outcome of the investigation of previous attributes at each stage) is called a decision tree and applied in the area of machine learning known as decision tree learning. Usually an attribute with high mutual information should be preferred to other attributes.
General definition
In general terms, the expected information gain is the reduction in information entropy from a prior state to a state that takes some information as given:
where is the conditional entropy of given the value of attribute .
This is intuitively plausible when interpreting entropy as a measure of uncertainty of a random variable : by learning (or assuming) about , our uncertainty about is reduced (i.e. is positive), unless of course is independent of , in which case , meaning .
Formal definition
Let denote a set of training examples, each of the form where is the value of the attribute or feature of example and is the corresponding class label. The information gain for an attribute is defined in terms of Shannon entropy as follows. For a value taken by attribute , let be defined as the set of training inputs of for which attribute is equal to . Then the information gain of for attribute is the difference between the a priori Shannon entropy of the training set and the conditional entropy .
The mutual information is equal to the total entropy for an attribute if for each of the attribute values a unique classification can be made for the result attribute. In this case, the relative entropies subtracted from the total entropy are 0. In particular, the values defines a partition of the training set data into mutually exclusive and all-inclusive subsets, inducing a categorical probability distribution on the values of attribute . The distribution is given . In this representation, the information gain of given can be defined as th |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BarCamp | BarCamp is an international network of user-generated conferences primarily focused on technology and the web. They are open, participatory workshop-events, the content of which is provided by participants. The first BarCamps focused on early stage web applications, and were related to open-source technologies, social software, and open data formats.
The format has also been used for a variety of other topics, including public transit, health care, education, and political organizing. The BarCamp format has also been adapted for specific industries like banking, education, real estate and social media.
History
The name BarCamp is a playful allusion to the event's origins, with reference to the programmer slang term, foobar: BarCamp arose as an open-to-the-public alternative to Foo Camp, which is an annual invitation-only participant-driven conference hosted by Tim O'Reilly.
The first BarCamp was held in Palo Alto, California, from August 19–21, 2005, in the offices of Socialtext. It was organized in less than one week, from concept to event, with 200 attendees.
Since then, BarCamps have been held in over 350 cities around the world, in North America, South America, Africa, Europe, the Middle East, Australasia and Asia. Attendees have often travelled internationally to attend BarCamps.
To mark the first anniversary of BarCamp, BarCampEarth was held in multiple locations worldwide on August 25–27, 2006. The second anniversary of BarCamp, BarCampBlock, was held in Palo Alto at the original location, but also over a three-block radius on August 18–19, 2007, and was attended by over 800 people.
The largest recorded BarCamp took place in January 2013 with over 6400 confirmed registered attendees in Yangon, Myanmar (Burma). The January 2010 BarCamp Yangon attracted over 4700 attendees (confirmed with registration forms).
Influence
BarCamp makes their organizational process freely available, codifying it in a publicly available wiki. In addition to the BarCamp-branded network, it is also a model for user-generated conferences in other fields and for more specialized applications such as EdCamp, IndieWebCamp, WordCamp, crisis camps, and SkeptiCamp.
Structure and participatory process
Unlike traditional conference formats, both BarCamps and FooCamps have a self-organizing character, relying on the passion and the responsibility of the participants. Attendees schedule sessions by writing on a whiteboard or putting a Post-It note on a 'grid' of sessions. Those giving sessions are discouraged from using the sessions for promotion. BarCamps are often organized largely through the web; anyone can initiate a BarCamp using the BarCamp wiki.
Although the format is loosely structured, there are rules at BarCamp. All attendees are encouraged to present or facilitate a session or otherwise contribute to the event. Everyone is also asked to share information and experiences of the event via public web channels, including blogs, photo sharing, social bookmar |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High%20Precision%20Event%20Timer | The High Precision Event Timer (HPET) is a hardware timer available in modern x86-compatible personal computers. Compared to older types of timers available in the x86 architecture, HPET allows more efficient processing of highly timing-sensitive applications, such as multimedia playback and OS task switching. It was developed jointly by Intel and Microsoft and has been incorporated in PC chipsets since 2005. Formerly referred to by Intel as a Multimedia Timer, the term HPET was selected to avoid confusion with the software multimedia timers introduced in the MultiMedia Extensions to Windows 3.0.
Older operating systems that do not support a hardware HPET device can only use older timing facilities, such as the programmable interval timer (PIT) or the real-time clock (RTC). Windows XP, when fitted with the latest hardware abstraction layer (HAL), can also use the processor's Time Stamp Counter (TSC), or ACPI Power Management Timer (ACPI PMTIMER), together with the RTC to provide operating system features that would, in later Windows versions, be provided by the HPET hardware. Confusingly, such Windows XP systems quote "HPET" connectivity in the device driver manager even though the Intel HPET device is not being used.
Features
An HPET chip consists of a 64-bit up-counter (main counter) counting at a frequency of at least 10 MHz, and a set of (at least three, up to 256) comparators. These comparators are 32- or 64-bit-wide. The HPET is programmed via a memory mapped I/O window that is discoverable via ACPI. The HPET circuit in modern PCs is integrated into the southbridge chip.
Each comparator can generate an interrupt when the least significant bits are equal to the corresponding bits of the 64-bit main counter value. The comparators can be put into one-shot mode or periodic mode, with at least one comparator supporting periodic mode and all of them supporting one-shot mode. In one-shot mode the comparator fires an interrupt once when the main counter reaches the value stored in the comparator's register, while in the periodic mode the interrupts are generated at specified intervals.
Comparators can be driven by the operating system, e.g. to provide one timer per CPU for scheduling, or by applications.
Applications
The HPET can produce periodic interrupts at a much higher resolution than the RTC and is often used to synchronize multimedia streams, providing smooth playback and reducing the need to use other timestamp calculations such as an x86-based CPU's RDTSC instruction. This provides improved efficiency, since the CPU does not need to waste cycles to make up for the low resolution of timers, and enables more aggressive use of sleep states, reducing power consumption. In addition to the application-level demand for high-precision clock, there are OS-level benefits in the scheduler and through the availability of a stable clock base for multi-processor systems.
Comparison to predecessors
HPET is meant to supplement and replace the 8254 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data%20structure%20diagram | A data structure diagram (DSD) is the visual representation of a certain kind of data model that contains entities, their relationships, and the constraints that are placed on them. It is an older alternative to the entity–relationship model.
The basic graphic notation elements of DSDs are boxes which represent entities. Arrow symbols represent relationships. Data structure diagrams are most useful for documenting complex data entities.
Overview
A data structure diagram is a diagram type that is used to depict the structure of data elements in the data dictionary. The data structure diagram is a graphical alternative to the composition specifications within such data dictionary entries.
The data structure diagrams is a predecessor of the entity–relationship model (E–R model). In DSDs, attributes are specified inside the entity boxes rather than outside of them, while relationships are drawn as boxes composed of attributes which specify the constraints that bind entities together. DSDs differ from the E–R model in that the E–R model focuses on the relationships between different entities, whereas DSDs focus on the relationships of the elements within an entity.
There are several styles for representing data structure diagrams, with the notable difference in the manner of defining cardinality. The choices are between arrow heads, inverted arrow heads (crow's feet), or numerical representation of the cardinality.
Bachman diagram
A Bachman diagram is a certain type of data structure diagram, and is used to design the data with a network or relational "logical" model, separating the data model from the way the data is stored in the system. The model is named after database pioneer Charles Bachman, and mostly used in computer software design.
In a relational model, a relation is the cohesion of attributes that are fully and not of every key in that relation. The coupling between the relations is based on accordant attributes. For every relation, a rectangle has to be drawn and every coupling is illustrated by a line that connects the relations. On the edge of each line, arrows indicate the cardinality: 1-to-n, 1-to-1 and n-to-n. The latter has to be avoided and must be replaced by 2 (or more) 1-to-n couplings.
See also
Control structure diagram
Data flow diagram
Entity-relationship diagram
Unified Modeling Language
References
Further reading
Charles W. Bachman. Data structure diagrams. Data Base, 1969, 1(2):4–10.
Tom DeMarco. Structured Analysis and System Specification. . Prentice Hall. 11 May 1979.
Edward Yourdon. Modern Structured Analysis. . Prentice Hall. 1 August 1988; now available as the Structured Analysis Wiki.
Data modeling diagrams
Modeling languages |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADOdb%20Lite | ADOdb Lite is a very small, fast ADOdb-compatible database abstraction library written in PHP.
It uses less than 100 kB of system RAM for each HTTP access compared to over 640 kB for ADOdb. After a benchmark ADOdb Lite is also 300% faster than the ADOdb library.
Supported databases
FrontBase
Gladius
MaxDB
Mini SQL
MS SQL
MS SQL Pro
MySQL
MySQL Improved
MySQL w/transactions
PostgreSQL
SQLite
SQLite Pro
Sybase
Sybase ASE
The ADOdb Lite library is fully expandable through the use of modules. The library contains a PEAR module that contains PEAR DB-compatible commands. The library also contains a Transaction module giving full transaction support to many of the supported databases. The library can support any number of user created modules to easily expand the library. The module system also gives the programmer/admin the ability to structure the library usage based upon the needs of the website.
The library is very fast compared to other database abstraction libraries.
External links
Official site
Data access technologies |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space%20War | Space War is a video game cartridge released by Atari, Inc. in 1978 for the Atari Video Computer System (renamed to the Atari 2600 in 1982). The game is a version of Spacewar!, the 1962 computer game by Steve Russell. It was released by Sears as Space Combat, for its Atari compatible Tele-Games system. An Atari Lynx update was planned but never released.
Variations
The cartridge includes 17 game variations. Variations 1–13 are duels between two ships and 14 to 17 are for one player. In some of the variations the ships fight near a planet which has gravitational attraction.
References
External links
Space War at Atari Mania
1978 video games
Atari 2600 games
Cancelled Atari Lynx games
North America-exclusive video games
Multidirectional shooters
Video games developed in the United States
Video game remakes
Science fiction video games |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial%20presence%20detect | In computing, serial presence detect (SPD) is a standardized way to automatically access information about a memory module. Earlier 72-pin SIMMs included five pins that provided five bits of parallel presence detect (PPD) data, but the 168-pin DIMM standard changed to a serial presence detect to encode more information.
When an ordinary modern computer is turned on, it starts by doing a power-on self-test (POST). Since about the mid-1990s, this process includes automatically configuring the hardware currently present. SPD is a memory hardware feature that makes it possible for the computer to know what memory is present, and what memory timings to use to access the memory.
Some computers adapt to hardware changes completely automatically. In most cases, there is a special optional procedure for accessing BIOS parameters, to view and potentially make changes in settings. It may be possible to control how the computer uses the memory SPD data—to choose settings, selectively modify memory timings, or possibly to completely override the SPD data (see overclocking).
Stored information
For a memory module to support SPD, the JEDEC standards require that certain parameters be in the lower 128 bytes of an EEPROM located on the memory module. These bytes contain timing parameters, manufacturer, serial number and other useful information about the module. Devices utilizing the memory automatically determine key parameters of the module by reading this information. For example, the SPD data on an SDRAM module might provide information about the CAS latency so the system can set this correctly without user intervention.
The SPD EEPROM firmware is accessed using SMBus, a variant of the I²C protocol. This reduces the number of communication pins on the module to just two: a clock signal and a data signal. The EEPROM shares ground pins with the RAM, has its own power pin, and has three additional pins (SA0–2) to identify the slot, which are used to assign the EEPROM a unique address in the range 0x50–0x57. Not only can the communication lines be shared among 8 memory modules, the same SMBus is commonly used on motherboards for system health monitoring tasks such as reading power supply voltages, CPU temperatures, and fan speeds.
SPD EEPROMs also respond to I²C addresses 0x30–0x37 if they have not been write protected, and an extension (TSE series) uses addresses 0x18–0x1F to access an optional on-chip temperature sensor. All those values are seven-bit I²C addresses formed by a Device Type Identifier Code prefix (DTIC) with SA0-2: to read (1100) from slot 3, one uses 110 0011 = 0x33. With a final R/W bit it forms the 8-bit Device Select Code. Note that the semantics of slot-id is different for write-protection operations: for them they can be not passed by the SA pins at all.
Before SPD, memory chips were spotted with parallel presence detect (PPD). PPD used a separate pin for each bit of information, which meant that only the speed and density |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake%20T%C5%8Dya | is a volcanic caldera lake in Shikotsu-Toya National Park, Abuta District, Hokkaidō, Japan. It is part of "Toya Caldera and Usu Volcano Global Geopark" which joins in Global Geoparks Network. The stratovolcano of Mount Usu lies on the southern rim of the caldera. The lake is nearly circular, being 10 kilometers in diameter from the eastwest and 9 kilometers from the northsouth. The town of Tōyako comprises most of the area surrounding the lake and the town of Sōbetsu is located on the eastern side.
Lake Tōya is said to be the northernmost lake in Japan that never ices (with competing claim by nearby Lake Shikotsu), and the second most transparent lake in Japan. Nakajima Island (not to be confused with another island of the same name in Lake Kussharo) is a recursive island in the middle of the lake which houses the Tōya Lake Forest Museum.
Lake Tōya was called Kim'un-to (キムウン (kim'un) means "in the mountain" and ト (to) means "lake") by the Ainu. In the Meiji era, Japanese pioneers named the lake Tōya after the Ainu expression to ya, which means "lakeshore, land around a lake."
The 2008 G8 Summit was held at Lake Tōya and The Windsor Hotel Toya Resort & Spa.
Lake Toya's surroundings
Surrounding the lake, there are numerous parks as well as walking trails, such as the Waterfront Forest Lane (Takarada Nature Observation Trail) and the Nishiyama Sanroku Crater Trail. Several onsen managed by the town of Toyako offer a view of the lake. There are also several hand and footbaths nearby. Uniquely, large vending machines near the onsen offer spring water that can be taken to be used at home.
Gallery
In popular culture
The setting of the 2012 film Bread of Happiness is on the shores of the lake.
In the manga and anime Gintama, is engraved on the Bokutō of the main character Gintoki Sakata (坂田 銀時, Sakata Gintoki).
It is the model for Lake Kiriya in the anime Celestial Method.
Lake Verity in Pokémon Diamond and Pearl and Pokémon Platinum is based on this lake as the Sinnoh region is a fictionalized version of Hokkaido.
See also
List of lakes in Japan
List of volcanoes in Japan
References
Geographical Survey Institute, last access 28 May 2008
External links
Guide of Lake Toya
Toya Usu Geopark
Toya Caldera - Geological Survey of Japan
Calderas of Hokkaido
Volcanic crater lakes
Shikotsu-Tōya National Park
Lakes of Hokkaido
VEI-7 volcanoes
Pleistocene calderas |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC%20iPlayer | BBC iPlayer (stylised as iPLAYER or BBC iPLAYER) is a video on demand service from the BBC. The service is available on a wide range of devices, including mobile phones and tablets, personal computers and smart televisions. iPlayer services delivered to UK-based viewers feature no commercial advertising. The terms BBC iPlayer, iPlayer, and BBC Media Player refer to various methods of viewing or listening to the same content. Viewing or recording live television broadcasts from any UK broadcaster or viewing BBC TV catch-up or BBC TV on-demand programmes in the UK without a TV licence is a criminal offence punishable by 10 years imprisonment.
In 2015, the BBC reported that it was moving towards playing audio and video content via open HTML5 standards in web browsers rather than via Flash or its Media Player mobile app.
On 17 October 2018, the BBC iPlayer Radio brand was replaced with BBC Sounds.
In 2019, the BBC improved the format quality, taking the highest available on iPlayer to 1080p (full HD) from 720p (standard HD).
On 20 October 2021, the BBC announced that BBC iPlayer would be given a new logo which would involve being rebranded as "iPLAYER".
History
The concept for the BBC iPlayer was dreamt up by Ben Lavender in 2005, a BBC employee frustrated by attempting to bit-torrent Buffy the Vampire Slayer. He went on a 'road-show' around the BBC to sell the concept and was told by the Director General that he had "saved the BBC". BBC Redux was developed as a proof of concept for a cross-platform, Flash Video-based streaming system. BBC iPlayer left beta and went live on 25 December 2007. On 25 June 2008 a new-look iPlayer was launched, originally as a beta-test version alongside the earlier version. The site tagline was "Catch up on the last 7 days of BBC TV & Radio", reflecting that programmes were unavailable on iPlayer after this time (with some exceptions). The BBC states on its website that this is for copyright reasons. The marketing slogan was later changed to "Making the unmissable, unmissable". In May 2010 the site was updated again to include a recommendations feature and a "social makeover".
In February 2011, the BBC iPlayer was once again modified to include links to programmes from other broadcasters, including ITV, ITV2, ITV3, ITV4, Channel 4, E4, More4, Film4, Channel 5, 5Star, 5USA and S4C. The feature was added to the search function and the channels function. When users click on a programme by another broadcaster they are redirected to the relevant broadcaster's catch-up service (either ITVX, Channel 4 or My5).
In April 2014, BBC iPlayer was once again relaunched with a new look and a different user interface. From October 2014 the BBC extended the programme availability for programmes on iPlayer from 7 days to 30 days. The COVID-19 pandemic from 2020 and the subsequent lockdowns have changed this; many programmes are available for more than a year, and entire series - for example, Peaky Blinders, Top Gear, Killing Eve |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Milwaukee%20Brewers%20broadcasters |
Current broadcasters
Radio: Flagship WTMJ 620 plus other stations in the Midwest on the Brewers Radio Network.
Television (English): Bally Sports Wisconsin
Television (Spanish): A schedule of mainly Sunday home games is carried by Milwaukee's Telemundo network affiliate, WYTU-LD (channels 63/49.4).
Radio
Bob Uecker, Play by Play (since 1971)
Jeff Levering, Play by Play (since 2015)
Lane Grindle, fill-in play-by-play when Uecker or Levering is off (since 2016)
Josh Maurer, fill-in play-by-play when both Uecker and Levering are off (since 2022)
Television
Brian Anderson, Substitute Play by Play (since 2022), Play by Play (2007-2021)
Bill Schroeder, Color Analyst (since 1995)
Craig Coshun, Brewers Live Host (since 2007), Reporter (since 2001), Substitute Play by Play (since 2010)
Matt LePay (broadcaster/ play by play (2014-2021)
Jerry Augustine, Brewers Live Color Analysis (since 2009)
Telly Hughes, Reporter (since 2009)
Sophia Minnaert, Sideline reporter and producer
Jeff Levering, Play By Play (since 2022), Substitute Play by Play (2015-2021)
Radio broadcasters
Josh Maurer (2022–present)
Lane Grindle (2016–present)
Jeff Levering (2015–present)
Craig Counsell (2014) (fill-in)
Darryl Hamilton (2014) (fill-in) (deceased)
Jerry Augustine (2014) (fill-in)
Joe Block (2012–2015)
Dave Nelson (2010) (interim basis, while Uecker was on medical leave) (deceased)
Cory Provus (2009–2011)
Jim Powell (1996–2008)
Pat Hughes (1984–1995)
Dwayne Mosley (1982–1983)
Lorn Brown (1980–1981)
Bob Uecker (1971–present)
Tom Collins (1970–1972)
Merle Harmon (1970–1979)
Bill Schonely (1969)
Jimmy Dudley (1969) (deceased)
Radio broadcasters chronology
Bold denotes current broadcasters as of the 2016 Brewers season
† - Denotes season where franchise was based in Seattle as the Pilots, which aired game broadcasts on KVI
Radio broadcasters
Merle Harmon (1970–79) (deceased)
Tom Collins (1970-1972) (deceased)
Bob Uecker (1971–present) (since 2014, about 120 games per season)
Lorn Brown (1980–81) (deceased)
Dwayne Mosely (1982–83)
Pat Hughes (1984–95)
Jim Powell (1996-2008)
Len Kasper (1999-2001) (fill-in only)
Cory Provus (2009-2011)
Dave Nelson (2010) (filled in when Uecker was out because heart surgery) (deceased)
Joe Block (2012–15)
Darryl Hamilton (2014) (fill-in for Uecker) (deceased)
Craig Counsell (2014) (fill-in for Uecker)
Jerry Augustine (2014) (fill-in for Uecker)
Jeff Levering (2015–present) (fill-in for about 40 games (2015), full-time (2016–2021), fill-in for Uecker about 50 games 2022–present)
Lane Grindle (2016–present) (fill-in for Uecker in about 40 games (2015-2021), full-time 2022–present)
TV broadcasters
Jeff Levering (2022–present)
Matt Lepay (2014–2021) (fill-in work only)
Brian Anderson (2007–present)
Daron Sutton (2002–2006)
Craig Coshun (2001–present)
Len Kasper (1999–2001) (fill-in only)
Jim Powell (1999–2000) (fill-in work only)
Matt Vasgersian (1997–2001)
Bill Schroeder (1995–present)
Rory Markas (1992–1994) (deceased)
Del Crandall (1992–1994 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joconde | Joconde is the central database created in 1975 and now available online, maintained by the French Ministry of Culture, for objects in the collections of the main French public and private museums listed as Musées de France, according to article L. 441-1 of the Code du patrimoine amounting to more than 1,200 institutions.
"La Joconde" is the French name of the Mona Lisa, which like about half of the collections of the Louvre, is included in the database, as one of 295 items by, after, or connected with Leonardo da Vinci; of these, only 42 works are by Leonardo da Vinci, including 6 paintings. By November 2012, Joconde contained over 475,000 object online and over 290,000 with images, from 366 collections in France, including 209,350 drawings, 63,547 paintings, 34,561 prints, 34,102 sculptures or 16,631 costumes and their accessories and is still expanding. By June 2022 it counted 636,405 objects.
The database is not only dedicated to the information of the public but as well to the needs of the administrators and curators of the museums, thanks to the online presentation of professional tools to facilitate notably the museums collections cataloguing and state inventory (récolement). This explains the great precision of the listings. Since the museums participate on a voluntary basis to the regular enrichment of the database, some can present a large part of their collection, while others appear only because of the mere permanent deposits made by the first ones.
Live on the French Minitel system from 1992, the database went online in 1995. Originally just for objects from the fine arts and decorative arts, in 2004 Joconde was united with what had been separate databases for objects from archeology and ethnology. It comes under the "Direction des Musées de France" (DMF) section of the Ministry.
A small number of the best known objects have a prose commentary. Not all images are in colour, especially for the archaeological collections. When an object created after the mid-20th century has no image this is most often for copyright reasons. On the original database, the listing of 49 search criteria is highly structured, using a special vocabulary, which allows for very specific and accurate searches, helped as well by the index.
Since July 9, 2019, Joconde is available on the Plateforme Ouverte du Patrimoine (POP), the general database of the ministry of culture, which gathers 8 databases and offers only 9 main advanced search criteria, but 3,976,845 objects, on 25 June 2022, including 253,677 drawings, 146,620 paintings or 226,777 sculptures. The former search page of Joconde is still available, but no more updated since 19 March 2019.
Notes
External links
Joconde Home page
POP Home page
Online databases
Government databases in France
1975 establishments in France |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game%20physics | Computer animation physics or game physics are laws of physics as they are defined within a simulation or video game, and the programming logic used to implement these laws. Game physics vary greatly in their degree of similarity to real-world physics. Sometimes, the physics of a game may be designed to mimic the physics of the real world as accurately as is feasible, in order to appear realistic to the player or observer. In other cases, games may intentionally deviate from actual physics for gameplay purposes. Common examples in platform games include the ability to start moving horizontally or change direction in mid-air and the double jump ability found in some games. Setting the values of physical parameters, such as the amount of gravity present, is also a part of defining the game physics of a particular game.
There are several elements that form components of simulation physics including the physics engine, program code that is used to simulate Newtonian physics within the environment, and collision detection, used to solve the problem of determining when any two or more physical objects in the environment cross each other's path.
Physics simulations
There are two central types of physics simulations: rigid body and soft-body simulators. In a rigid body simulation objects are grouped into categories based on how they should interact and are less performance intensive. Soft-body physics involves simulating individual sections of each object such that it behaves in a more realistic way.
Particle systems
A common aspect of computer games that model some type of conflict is the explosion. Early computer games used the simple expedient of repeating the same explosion in each circumstance. However, in the real world an explosion can vary depending on the terrain, altitude of the explosion, and the type of solid bodies being impacted. Depending on the processing power available, the effects of the explosion can be modeled as the split and shattered components propelled by the expanding gas. This is modelled by means of a particle system simulation. A particle system model allows a variety of other physical phenomena to be simulated, including smoke, moving water, precipitation, and so forth. The individual particles within the system are modelled using the other elements of the physics simulation rules, with the limitation that the number of particles that can be simulated is restricted by the computing power of the hardware. Thus explosions may need to be modelled as a small set of large particles, rather than the more accurate huge number of fine particles.
Ragdoll physics
This is a procedural animation and simulation technique to display the movement of a character when killed. It treats the character's body as a series of rigid bones connected together with hinges at the joints. The simulation models what happens to the body as it collapses to the ground. More sophisticated physics models of creature movement and collision inte |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISUP | ISUP may refer to:
Paris Institute of Statistics, a school for statistics in France
ISDN User Part or ISUP, a feature of Public Switched Telephone Networks
Inflatable Stand Up Paddle Board or iSUP, a water craft for the sport of Stand Up Paddling that is inflated rather than having a solid construction.
fr:ISUP |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Son%20of%20Blagger | Son of Blagger, the sequel to Blagger, is a scrolling platform game created by Tony Crowther and released by Alligata for the Commodore 64 computer in 1983. A ZX Spectrum port by Elliot Gay and a BBC Micro port were released in 1984.
Legacy
A clone of Son of Blagger was released for Amiga, titled Jonas Fulstrand. The game was released on a PD-Soft disk as Son of Blagger.
References
External links
1983 video games
Alligata games
BBC Micro and Acorn Electron games
Commodore 64 games
Platformers
Single-player video games
Video game sequels
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
ZX Spectrum games |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datarock%20Datarock | Datarock Datarock is the debut studio album by Norwegian Dance-punk duo Datarock, released on April 4, 2005. The duo's hit single, "Computer Camp Love", is a playful song based on the 1984 American comedy Revenge of the Nerds and almost parodies "Summer Nights". The album was later released in 2007 to North America and included the music videos for "Bulldozer", "Computer Camp Love", and "Fa-Fa-Fa".
The album cover appeared on many apple iPod advertisements.
Track listing
Original version
"Bulldozer" – 1:59
"I Used to Dance with My Daddy" – 4:53
"Computer Camp Love" – 3:08
"Fa-Fa-Fa" – 5:08
"Princess" – 3:45
"Sex Me Up" – 3:07
"Nightflight to Uranus" – 4:17
"Ugly Primadonna" – 3:43
"Maybelline" – 4:02
"Laurie" – 4:25
"The Most Beautiful Girl" – 3:56
North American release
"Bulldozer" - 01:59
"I Used to Dance with My Daddy" - 04:52
"Computer Camp Love" - 03:08
"Fa-Fa-Fa" - 05:08
"Princess" - 03:45
"Ganguro Girl" - 03:25
"See What I Care" - 03:18
"Laurie" - 04:25
"The New Song" - 02:34
"Ugly Primadonna" - 03:43
"Sex Me Up" - 03:07
"The Most Beautiful Girl" - 03:56
"I Will Always Remember You" - 04:04
References
2005 debut albums
Datarock albums |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daitch%E2%80%93Mokotoff%20Soundex | Daitch–Mokotoff Soundex (D–M Soundex) is a phonetic algorithm invented in 1985 by Jewish genealogists Gary Mokotoff and Randy Daitch. It is a refinement of the Russell and American Soundex algorithms designed to allow greater accuracy in matching of Slavic and Yiddish surnames with similar pronunciation but differences in spelling.
Daitch–Mokotoff Soundex is sometimes referred to as "Jewish Soundex" and "Eastern European Soundex", although the authors discourage use of these nicknames for the algorithm because the algorithm itself is independent of the fact that the motivation for creating the new system was the poor result of predecessor systems when dealing with Slavic and Yiddish surnames.
Improvements
Improvements over the older Soundex algorithms include:
Coded names are six digits long, resulting in greater search precision (traditional Soundex uses four characters)
The initial character of the name is coded.
Several rules in the algorithm encode multiple character n-grams as single digits (American and Russell Soundex do not handle multi-character n-grams)
Multiple possible encodings can be returned for a single name (traditional Soundex returns only one encoding, even if the spelling of a name could potentially have multiple pronunciations)
Examples
Some examples:
Beider–Morse Phonetic Name Matching Algorithm
To address the large number of false positive results generated by the D–M Soundex, Stephen P. Morse and Alexander Beider created the Beider–Morse Phonetic Name Matching algorithm. This new algorithm cuts down on false positives at the expense of some false negatives. A number of sites are offering the B–M soundex in addition to the D-M soundex.
Notes
External links
Mokotoff, Gary. "Soundexing and Genealogy." Describes the history and the motivations behind D–M Soundex.
JewishGen. "Soundex Coding." Describes both Russel and D–M Soundex.
Coles, Michael. "SQL 2000 DBA Toolkit, Part 3: Phonetic Matching" SQL Server-based implementation of the D–M Soundex algorithm w/source.
Phonetic algorithms
Genealogy |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20York%20State%20Identification%20and%20Intelligence%20System | The New York State Identification and Intelligence System Phonetic Code, commonly known as NYSIIS, is a phonetic algorithm devised in 1970 as part of the New York State Identification and Intelligence System (now a part of the New York State Division of Criminal Justice Services). It features an accuracy increase of 2.7% over the traditional Soundex algorithm.
Procedure
The algorithm, as described in Name Search Techniques, is:
If the first letters of the name are
'MAC' then change these letters to 'MCC'
'KN' then change these letters to 'NN'
'K' then change this letter to 'C'
'PH' then change these letters to 'FF'
'PF' then change these letters to 'FF'
'SCH' then change these letters to 'SSS'
If the last letters of the name are
'EE' then change these letters to 'Y␢'
'IE' then change these letters to 'Y␢'
'DT' or 'RT' or 'RD' or 'NT' or 'ND' then change these letters to 'D␢'
The first character of the NYSIIS code is the first character of the name.
In the following rules, a scan is performed on the characters of the name. This is described in terms of a program loop. A pointer is used to point to the current position under consideration in the name. Step 4 is to set this pointer to point to the second character of the name.
Considering the position of the pointer, only one of the following statements can be executed.
If blank then go to rule 7.
If the current position is a vowel (AEIOU) then if equal to 'EV' then change to 'AF' otherwise change current position to 'A'.
If the current position is the letter
'Q' then change the letter to 'G'
'Z' then change the letter to 'S'
'M' then change the letter to 'N'
If the current position is the letter 'K' then if the next letter is 'N' then replace the current position by 'N' otherwise replace the current position by 'C'
If the current position points to the letter string
'SCH' then replace the string with 'SSS'
'PH' then replace the string with 'FF'
If the current position is the letter 'H' and either the preceding or following letter is not a vowel (AEIOU) then replace the current position with the preceding letter.
If the current position is the letter 'W' and the preceding letter is a vowel then replace the current position with the preceding position.
If none of these rules applies, then retain the current position letter value.
If the current position letter is equal to the last letter placed in the code then set the pointer to point to the next letter and go to step 5.The next character of the NYSIIS code is the current position letter.Increment the pointer to point at the next letter.Go to step 5.
If the last character of the NYSIIS code is the letter 'S' then remove it.
If the last two characters of the NYSIIS code are the letters 'AY' then replace them with the single character 'Y'.
If the last character of the NYSIIS code is the letter 'A' then remove this letter.
References
External links
USDA report with both the original NYSIIS procedure and a modified version
NIST Dictionar |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer%20Games%20%28album%29 | Computer Games is the debut album by American funk musician George Clinton, released by Capitol Records on November 5, 1982. Though technically Clinton's first "solo" album, the record featured most of the same personnel who had appeared on recent albums by Parliament and Funkadelic, both formally disbanded by Clinton in 1981. Conceived in the aftermath of a period marked by financial and personal struggles for Clinton, Computer Games restored his popularity for a short time before P-Funk fell victim to renewed legal problems and scant label support in the mid-1980s.
According to Glenn Kenny of Trouser Press, after the end of his Parliament-Funkadelic collective, Clinton's album was titled as a "nod to the burgeoning wave of techno-funk that was beginning to overtake almost every other form of dance music; rather than reject the new technology, he adapted it here in his own unique way".
The single "Loopzilla" hit the top 20 of the R&B charts, followed by "Atomic Dog" which reached No. 1 R&B but peaked at No. 101 on the pop chart.
The album was listed by Slant Magazine at #97 on its list of the "Best Albums of the 1980s".
Track listing
"Get Dressed" (George Clinton, Bootsy Collins) – 3:41 (released as a single-Capitol 5222)
"Man's Best Friend/Loopzilla" (Clinton, Kenneth Gambrell, Garry Shider, David Spradley) – 12:51 (released as a 12" single-Capitol 8556)
"Pot Sharing Tots" (Clinton, Walter Morrison) – 3:45
"Computer Games" (Clinton, Morrison) – 6:46
"Atomic Dog" (Clinton, Shider, Spradley) – 4:47 (released as a single-Capitol 5201 and 12" single-Capitol 8556)
"Free Alterations" (Darryl Clinton, Clinton) – 4:20
"One Fun at a Time" (Clinton, Morrison) – 4:29
Personnel
George Clinton
Eddie Hazel, Garry Shider, Junie Morrison, Tony Thomas - guitar
Bootsy Collins, Junie Morrison - bass
Bernie Worrell, David Spradley, Junie Morrison, Rahni Harris - keyboards
Dennis Chambers, Jerry Jones - drums
Larry Fratangelo, Muruga Booker - percussion
Fred Wesley, Larry Hatcher, Maceo Parker, Richard Griffith - horns
Bootsy Collins, Brenda Forman, Brides of Funkenstein, Carmen McGee, Clip Payne, Darryl Clinton, Garry Shider, Gary Mudbone Cooper, George Bunny, Godmoma, Gwendolyn Dozier, Jessica Cleaves, Jessie Driscoll, Jimmy Keaton, Joyce Pearson, Julius Keaton, Junie Morrison, Larry Heckstall, Parlet, Ray Davis, Robert "P-Nut" Johnson, Ron Ford, Tracey Lewis, Trina Frazier, Vanessa Poe, Veronica Faust - vocals
Technical
David Baker, Mike Iacopelli, John Jaszcz, Tony Ray, Greg Reilly, Jeff Turkin, Jim Vitti, Greg Ward – recording engineer
George Clinton, William Collins, Ted Currier, Walter "Junie" Morrison, Gary Shider – Producer
George Clinton, Junie Morrison, Fred Wesley – arrangements
Greg Reilly, Jim Vitti – mixing
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Notes
References
External links
Computer Games at Discogs
George Clinton (funk musician) albums
1982 debut albums
Capitol Records albums
Albums with cover art by Pedro Bell |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20storage%20area%20network%20management%20systems | This is a list of Storage area network (SAN) management systems. A storage area network is a dedicated network that provides access to consolidated, block level data storage.
Systems
Brocade Network Advisor
Cisco Fabric Manager
Enterprise Fabric Connectivity (EFC) Manager
EMC ControlCenter
EMC VisualSRM
EMC Invista
Hitachi Data Systems HiCommand
HP OpenView Storage Area Manager
IBM SAN Volume Controller
Symantec Veritas Command Central Storage
KernSafe Cross-Platform iSCSI SAN
References
Network management
Storage area networks |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KNEW%20%28AM%29 | KNEW (960 AM) is an American biz news radio station licensed to Oakland, California, and serving the San Francisco Bay Area. It is owned by iHeartMedia and most of the programming comes from Bloomberg Radio. KNEW also carries Oakland Athletics baseball games. The radio studios are located in the SoMa district of San Francisco.
KNEW transmits 5,000 watts using a three-tower array directional antenna at all times. The transmitter is located in Oakland at the eastern end of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge. KNEW can also be heard on the HD Radio digital subchannel of 103.7 KOSF-HD2.
History
KFWM and KROW
On July 8, 1925, the station signed on as KFWM. It was owned originally by the Oakland Educational Society. The Oakland Post-Enquirer wanted a radio station to compete with the Oakland Tribunes KLX. This station became KROW in June 1930, and used those call letters until 1959. It was a full-service station known for launching the career of comedian Phyllis Diller and for helping the career of "the world's greatest disc jockey" Don Sherwood, prior to his long career at KSFO.
In 1947, the station built a new transmitter on a 20-acre island leased from the Port of Oakland. The new transmitter was accompanied by an increase in power from 1,000 watts to 5,000 watts full-time.
KABL
This station is best known as the longtime home of KABL, the successor to KROW and one of the first beautiful music stations in the United States. It was owned by 1950s radio pioneer Gordon McLendon. According to longtime McLendon national program director, Don Keyes, in his book Gordon McLendon and Me, McLendon wanted to own a station in the San Francisco market, and 960 KROW seemed ideal because of its relatively low dial position and strong coverage of the San Francisco market.
Beautiful Music
McLendon had success with Top 40 stations and the original plan had been to launch a similar, youthful format on KROW. But after McLendon and his team visited the market and discovered there were already several Top 40 stations, they decided there wasn't room for another one. As a result, they looked to KIXL, a beautiful-music station in the Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas, market that was enjoying a fair amount of success despite being daytime-only. They decided to launch a similar format on KROW using KIXL's formula of quarter-hour blocks of familiar musical selections (three instrumentals, arranged by tempo, and one vocal) as a template. The new call sign was to be KABL, as in San Francisco's legendary cable cars.
In early May 1959, KROW began "stunting" with a continuous loop of a song called "Gila Monster," the theme song from a horror film that Gordon McLendon had co-produced that year. Based on this stunt, it was assumed by the general public — and by the competition — that KROW was to become a Top 40 station along the lines of McLendon's KLIF in Dallas, WAKY in Louisville or KILT in Houston. But the station took everyone by surprise by debuting KABL as a beautifu |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hare%20Raising%20Havoc | Hare Raising Havoc is a side-scrolling adventure game developed by BlueSky Software for the Amiga and MS-DOS compatible operating systems. It was published by Disney Software in 1991. The game is a spin-off of the 1988 Disney/Amblin film, Who Framed Roger Rabbit.
Plot
The game follows the same basic pattern of the cartoon at the beginning of Who Framed Roger Rabbit and related shorts. After opening with a Maroon Cartoons title card, Mommy explains to Roger that (once again) he is in charge of babysitting Baby Herman, and if he proves incompetent at this task, "he's going back to the science lab!". Roger swears to perform faithfully, but immediately after Mommy's departure, Baby Herman catches sight of the large baby-bottle-shaped sign on top of a local bottling plant. He escapes the house, heading for the plant, so that Roger has to find his way out of the house, and up onto the roof of the plant, before Mommy arrives home and discovers Baby Herman missing. At the end of the game (whether successful or not) Roger must face Mommy and ultimately his director on the cartoon set. Jessica Rabbit makes brief cameos in a couple of the environments.
Gameplay
The player moves Roger around in each room, interacting with objects—for example, turning on a stove, pushing a bouncy cushion to a different position, etc. Once the correct objects are in the correct states they form a convoluted, Rube Goldberg-like method of exiting the room. The game is extremely challenging due to not only the puzzles themselves, but the time limit imposed by Mommy's impending return "one hour" from the start of the game. As a result, the player has much less time to learn the later environments, and a winning game requires almost flawless completion of each room's puzzle. A few hidden power-ups allow the player to turn back the clock a few minutes, but they generally take a little extra time to obtain, so remembering which are actually worth the trouble is crucial.
The game's running speed varies with processor speed. At high speed, the game becomes unplayable, especially when accompanying sound effects prevent Roger's actions from speeding up at the same rate. For this reason, the game provides a setup option to deliberately run the game more slowly.
See also
List of Disney video games
References
External links
Hare Raising Havoc at Amiga Hall of Light
1991 video games
Side-scrolling video games
Who Framed Roger Rabbit video games
DOS games
Amiga games
BlueSky Software games
Video games about rabbits and hares
Video games developed in the United States
Single-player video games |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Room%20synchronization | The room synchronization technique is a form of concurrency control in computer science.
The room synchronization problem involves supporting a set of m mutually exclusive "rooms" where any number of users can execute code simultaneously in a shared room (any one of them), but no two users can simultaneously execute code in separate rooms.
Room synchronization can be used to implement asynchronous parallel queues and stacks with constant time access (assuming a fetch-and-add operation).
References
G.E. Blelloch, P. Cheng, P.B. Gibbons, Room synchronizations, Annual ACM Symposium on Parallel Algorithms and Architectures 2001, 122–133
See also
Monitor (synchronization).
The Single Threaded Apartment Model in Microsoft's Component Object Model#Threading, as used by Visual Basic.
Concurrency control |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sense%20and%20Sensibilia%20%28Austin%20book%29 | Sense and Sensibilia is a landmark 1962 work of ordinary language philosophy by J. L. Austin, Professor of Philosophy at the University of Oxford. Austin attacks sense data theories of perception, specifically those of A. J. Ayer.
The book was published posthumously having been reconstructed from Austin's manuscript notes by fellow Oxford philosopher Geoffrey Warnock. Austin's first lectures, which formed the basis for the manuscript, were delivered at Oxford in Trinity Term 1947 under the general title "Problems in Philosophy".
The Guardian described it as: "... a philosophical classic... Mr Warnock has performed his task in a way that is quite remarkable. His brilliant editing puts everybody who is concerned with philosophical problems in his debt." "Trouser-word" comes from Sense and Sensibilia.
References
1962 non-fiction books
Books about perception
Philosophy books
Philosophy of language literature |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paramount%20Networks%20EMEAA | Paramount Networks Europe, Middle East, Africa & Asia (EMEAA) is a division of Paramount International Networks which is fully owned by Paramount Global. The unit's headquarters are in Berlin, with additional offices in Madrid, Lisbon, Paris, Amsterdam, Milan, Dubai, Johannesburg, Lagos, Budapest, Warsaw, Singapore, Stockholm, Tokyo, Beijing, Manila, Copenhagen, Prague, Helsinki, and Hong Kong. The company was originally founded under the name MTV Networks Europe in 1987.
In 2011, the division was renamed Viacom International Media Networks Europe. Also in 2011, Viacom created an Italian subdivision in order to purchase a 30% ownership stake in the Rainbow S.p.A. animation studio until it sold the stake in 2023.
It currently operates in 31 countries across Europe, Africa and the Middle East.
Divisions
Viacom 18
Paramount Networks Northern Europe
Paramount Networks Northern Europe (formerly ViacomCBS Networks Northern Europe and Viacom International Media Networks UK, Northern and Eastern Europe) is a regional division of Paramount Networks EMEAA which serves the Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Netherlands, Belgium, Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden), Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, North Macedonia, Romania, Poland, Ukraine, Georgia, and CIS counties.
Its main headquarters are in Berlin, London and Warsaw, while its regional offices are located in Amsterdam and Stockholm.
Paramount Networks Northern Europe also operates content for MTV's global community (excluding the United States), as well as an array of MTV-branded channels including MTV Music (in Germany, UK & Europe), MTV Hits (in Germany, UK & Europe), MTV Base (in Germany, UK & Europe) and MTV Brand New (in Germany, Belgium, and the Netherlands).
In 2011, VIMN UK, Northern and Eastern Europe realigned its local production operations with music content being produced in Berlin, London, Warsaw, and Stockholm; kids and family programming in London, Berlin, and Warsaw; and comedy content in Berlin, Amsterdam, London, and Warsaw. Amsterdam acts as the technical play-out hub for the majority of Europe, with exception for channels in Germany, Poland and the UK.
Paramount Networks Southern Europe, Middle East, and Africa
Paramount Networks Southern Europe, Middle East, and Africa (formerly ViacomCBS Networks Southern Europe, Middle East, and Africa) is a regional division of Paramount Networks EMEAA. At the moment the unit's main headquarters are in Madrid, with additional offices in Lisbon, Paris, Milan, Dubai, Johannesburg & Lagos, Singapore, Tokyo, Beijing, Manila, Prague, and Hong Kong SAR. The selection of multimedia brands offered by this division varies depending on the country or region.
Paramount Networks Italia
In February 2011, Viacom set up Viacom International Media Networks Italia to purchase a 30% ownership stake of the Rainbow S.p.A. animation studio for 62 million euros (US$83 million). The purchase was called "the most significant transaction [in |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund%20Berkeley | Edmund Callis Berkeley (February 22, 1909 – March 7, 1988) was an American computer scientist who co-founded the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) in 1947. His 1949 book Giant Brains, or Machines That Think popularized cognitive images of early computers. He was also a social activist who worked to achieve conditions that might minimize the threat of nuclear war.
Biography
Berkeley attended St. Bernard's School and Phillips Exeter Academy. He received a BA in Mathematics and Logic from Harvard in 1930. He pursued a career as an insurance actuary at Prudential Insurance from 1934–48, except for service in the United States Navy during World War II.
Berkeley saw George Stibitz's calculator at Bell Laboratories in 1939, and the Harvard Mark I in 1942. In November, 1946 he drafted a specification for "Sequence Controlled Calculators for the Prudential", which led to signing a contract with the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation in 1947 for one of the first UNIVAC computers. Berkeley left Prudential in 1948 to become an independent consultant when the company forbade him to work on projects related to avoiding nuclear war, even on his own time. He sometimes wrote using the pseudonym "Neil D. MacDonald".
He became famous in 1949 with the publication of his book Giant Brains, or Machines That Think in which he described the principles behind computing machines (called then "mechanical brains", "sequence-controlled calculators", or various other terms), and then gave a technical but accessible survey of the most prominent examples of the time, including machines from MIT, Harvard, the Moore School, Bell Laboratories, and elsewhere.
In Giant Brains, Berkeley also outlined a device which some have described as the first "personal computer", Simon. Plans on how to build this computer were published in the journal Radio Electronics in 1950 and 1951. Simon used relay logic and cost about $600 to construct. The first working model was built at Columbia University with the help of two graduate students.
Berkeley founded, published and edited Computers and Automation, the first computer magazine. He also created the Geniac and Brainiac toy computers.
In 1958 Berkeley joined the Committee for a SANE Nuclear Policy (SANE).
Computer art
On the title page of the magazine "Computers and Automation", January 1963, Edmund Berkeley published a picture by Efraim Arazi from 1962 as Computer art. This picture inspired him to initiate the first Computer art contest in 1963. Berkeley had coined the term Computer art. The annual contest was a key point in the development of computer art up to the year 1973. This way Edmund Berkeley became a pioneer in the field of computer art.
Books
Giant Brains, or Machines That Think (1949), Wiley & Sons
Computers: Their Operation and Applications (1956), New York: Reinhold Publishing
Symbolic Logic and Intelligent Machines (1959), New York: Reinhold Publishing
Probability and Statistics: An Introduction through Exp |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interruptible%20operating%20system | An interruptible operating system is an operating system with ability to handle multiple interrupts concurrently, or in other words, which allow interrupts to be interrupted.
Concurrent interrupt handling essentially mean concurrent execution of kernel code and hence induces the additional complexity of concurrency control in accessing kernel datastructures.
It also means that the system can stop any program that is already running, which is a feature on nearly all modern operating systems.
See also
Operating system
Operating System Projects
Interrupts |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MegaLink | MegaLink (also spelled Megalink) is a Philippine-based developer of mobile and banking software as well as a service provider for banks, specifically for automatic teller machine networks and point of sale systems of banks in the country. From its establishment in 1989 until 2015, it pioneered the interconnectivity of several banks in the country by way of being the first interbank network with different banks as its members.
At the planned re-purposing and decommissioning, it had a total of more than 2,921 automated teller machines nationwide and handled more than 795,000 transactions a day. MegaLink was the largest interbank network in the Philippines with 13.1 million cardholders.
MegaLink was also known for its belief in universal sharing with the motto of "The Card for All."
By late January 2015, MegaLink and BancNet announced their merger. BancNet would be the sole surviving entity, while MegaLink would be re-purposed. MegaLink now lists itself as a BancNet member, under the independent ATM deployer category.
Following the repurposing, MegaLink and its assets were sold to Japanese conglomerate Hitachi, of which it is now a subsidiary of the latter.
History
MegaLink was formed in September 1989 by Equitable Banking Corporation (now merged with Banco de Oro), Far East Bank and Trust Company (now part of BPI), Philippine National Bank (currently a BancNet member since Allied Bank merger was completed in 2013 as its surviving brand) and United Coconut Planters Bank, with its fundamental belief in universal sharing, it became the first operational shared ATM network in the Philippines. MegaLink was launched on March 19, 1990, with shared resources of 88 ATMs, a base of 130,000 cardholders, and an average of 200 transactions a day. MegaLink is the first Philippine consortium to link with both BancNet and Expressnet.
MegaLink Milestones:
1990 MegaLink became the first shared operational ATM network in the Philippines.
1992 The founding banks of ATM Bersama, an Indonesian interbank network, turn to MegaLink's expertise as their model for a shared services network which eventually led to a partnership.
1993 MegaLink launched the Debit Bills Payment over the ATM, as well as purchases via POS terminals. MegaLink also received the prestigious Asian Institute of Management Award for Information Technology Management and becomes the only ATM network to gain the distinction.
1994 MegaLink introduced telephone banking (Phonelink) as the world's first consortium-based phone banking facility.
1995 With its belief of universal sharing, MegaLink forged an alliance with BancNet for ATM transactions, and links up with Visa's Plus and Mastercard's Cirrus networks through Equitable Bank for international transactions.
1996 MegaLink hosted the 1st Philippine Electronic Banking Conference and Exhibition attended by over 300 participants from the industry.
1997 MegaLink interconnected with Expressnet for ATM transactions.
1998 MegaLink activated the Aut |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application-oriented%20networking | Application-oriented networking (AON) involves network devices designed to aid in computer-to-computer application integration. Application-oriented networks are sometimes called "intelligent networks" or "content-based routing networks" and they are generally network technology that can use the content of a network packet or message to take some sort of action.
Application-oriented networking was popularized by Cisco Systems in response to increasing use of XML messaging (combined with related standards such as XSLT, XPath and XQuery) to link miscellaneous applications, data sources and other computing assets. Most Application-Orientated Networks manipulate structured data based in a human-readable format like XML.
Many of the operations required to mediate between applications, or to monitor their transactions, can be built into network devices that are optimized for the purpose.
The rules and policies for performing these operations, also expressed in XML, are specified separately and downloaded as required. Cisco has adopted the AON acronym as the name of a family of products that function in this way.
Routing decisions
During the rise of the internet many routing decisions were made at layer 4 i.e. based on the TCP/IP address and/or the port number. Application-oriented networks work at layer 7 of the OSI stack and because they can examine the content of the message they can make routing decisions based on many different criteria including such things as the value of the purchase order or the ship date.
See also
Enterprise Application Integration
External links
XML Security in Netscaler
Definition
Networking hardware
Telecommunications |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coherence%20%28statistics%29 | In probability theory and statistics, coherence can have several different meanings. Coherence in statistics is an indication of the quality of the information, either within a single data set, or between similar but not identical data sets. Fully coherent data are logically consistent and can be reliably combined for analysis.
In probability
When dealing with personal probability assessments, or supposed probabilities derived in nonstandard ways, it is a property of self-consistency across a whole set of such assessments.
In gambling strategy
One way of expressing such self-consistency is in terms of responses to various betting propositions, as described in relation to coherence (philosophical gambling strategy).
In Bayesian decision theory
The coherency principle in Bayesian decision theory is the assumption that subjective probabilities follow the ordinary rules/axioms of probability calculations (where the validity of these rules corresponds to the self-consistency just referred to) and thus that consistent decisions can be obtained from these probabilities.
In time series analysis
In time series analysis, and particularly in spectral analysis, it is used to describe the strength of association between two series where the possible dependence between the two series is not limited to simultaneous values but may include leading, lagged and smoothed relationships.
The concepts here are sometimes known as coherency and are essentially those set out for coherence as for signal processing. However, note that the quantity coefficient of coherence may sometimes be called the squared coherence.
References
Probability assessment
Bayesian statistics
Frequency-domain analysis
Statistical principles
de:Kohärenz (Signalanalyse) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affiliated%20Computer%20Services | Affiliated Computer Services Inc. (ACS) was a company that provided information technology services as well as business process outsourcing solutions to businesses, government agencies, and non-profit organizations. ACS was based in Dallas, Texas. ACS was ranked at number 341 on the 2010 Fortune 500 list. Founded in 1988, by Darwin Deason, ACS operated in nearly 100 countries, generating over $6 billion annually. As of September 2009, ACS employed approximately 74,000 people.
On September 28, 2009, Xerox Corporation announced plans to acquire ACS in a $6.4 billion transaction. The deal closed on February 8, 2010.
Company history
Founding and early developments
Affiliated Computer Services, Inc. (ACS) was founded by Darwin Deason and Charles M. Young, both former MTech Communications executives, in 1988. Deason had served as CEO at MTech and decided to launch another data processing firm after a management buyout bid of him and other executives had lost to another bid in 1988. MTech was sold to EDS for $345 million and in the same year Deason, together with a part of the MTech executive team, launched ACS. Deason served as chairman and CEO while Young became president and COO.
Deason's expansion strategy was strongly reliant on acquisitions, accounting for around 70% of early growth. Two key developments were the acquisition of OBS Companies, a service provider with 200 employees and an annual revenue of $25 million, and a contract for the digitization of the Los Angeles County food stamp program.
By 1990 the company had 1,300 employees that generated revenues of more than $120 million.
Initially created as a data services provider to the financial services industry, Deason led ACS's expansion into the communications, education, financial services, government, healthcare, insurance, manufacturing, retail, and travel and transportation industries.
Growth as a private company
In 1991 ACS sought to acquire BancPlus to enter the mortgage banking business but lost to another bid. The following year, the company acquired CIC/DISC, a New York based outsourcing business.
ACS expanded beyond banking BPO services when it signed a 10-year data processing outsourcing contract with Southland Corporation (7-Eleven).
Public listing and continued growth
In 1995 ACS became a public company and divested bank data processing. By FY 1996 ACS became the fourth-largest commercial outsource provider in the U.S. More recently, ACS was best known for its Transportation Solutions Group (TSG), which supported transportation services including electronic toll collection, management of cities’ parking systems, and photo traffic enforcement.
In 2005, ACS was offered a buyout from TPG and in 2007 from Deason and Cerberus Capital Management. Both offers were rejected.
In 2009, ACS ranked #401 on the FORTUNE 500 list and employed about 74,000 people around the world who served thousands of commercial and government clients.
In February 2010, following its acqui |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio%20Disney%20Jams%20series | Radio Disney Jams was a series of CD compilations of music that was featured on Radio Disney, a children's radio network.
The first album was released in 1999, titled Radio Disney Kid Jams, containing the top songs from Radio Disney's playlist. Additional volumes of the Jams series were periodically released over time, dropping "Kid" from the titles. Special albums spun off from the series included two Holiday Jams albums, an Ultimate Jams with select songs from Jams 1-6, Jingle Jams (Series 2004 & 2005), Pop Dreamers, Move It, Party Jams from their tenth birthday concert, a 15th Birthday Edition, and a 2015 awards show edition.
The last volume of the series, Volume 12, was released on March 30, 2010, and the last two specials (15th Birthday Edition and Radio Disney Music Awards) were released on August 16, 2011, and April 21, 2015, respectively.
Radio Disney Jams
Radio Disney: Kid Jams
Radio Disney: Kid Jams is the first album of Radio Disney Jams. It is a compilation of artists whose songs were played on Radio Disney. It was released on both CD & cassette tape.
Radio Disney Jams, Vol. 2
Radio Disney Jams, Vol. 2 is the second album of Radio Disney Jams, released by Walt Disney Records in 2000 on CD, and the last to be offered on cassette tape. The album is a compilation of several artists whose songs were regularly featured on Radio Disney. It peaked at No. 92 on the Billboard 200 and No. 1 on the Billboard Kid Albums chart. It was certified gold by the RIAA on January 22, 2002.
Radio Disney Jams, Vol. 3
Radio Disney Jams, Vol. 3 is the third album in the Radio Disney Jams series, released on February 13, 2001. It peaked at No. 109 on the Billboard 200 on March 3, 2001, and No. 1 on the Billboard Kid Albums chart.
Radio Disney Jams, Vol. 4
Radio Disney Jams, Vol. 4 is the fourth volume in the Radio Disney Jams series. The album was released on September 25, 2001, and contains top songs from Radio Disney's playlist. The CD peaked at No. 169 on the Billboard 200 and No. 1 on the Billboard Kid Albums chart.
Radio Disney Jams, Vol. 5
Radio Disney Jams, Vol. 5 is the fifth installment in the Radio Disney Jams series containing popular songs from Radio Disney's playlist. It peaked at No. 122 on the Billboard 200 and No. 2 on the Billboard Kid Albums chart.
Radio Disney Jams, Vol. 6
Radio Disney Jams, Vol. 6 is the sixth album in the Radio Disney Jams Series. It's a compilation of artists whose songs are played on Radio Disney. It peaked at No. 105 on the Billboard 200 and No. 3 on the Billboard Kid Albums chart.
Radio Disney Jams, Vol. 7
Radio Disney Jams, Vol. 7 is the seventh installment in Radio Disney's Jams music compilation series. Featuring artists regularly featured on Radio Disney, the album peaked at No. 109 on the Billboard 200 and No. 3 on the Billboard Kid Albums chart.
Bonus DVD
"Tangled Up in Me" - Skye Sweetnam
"Because You Live" - Jesse McCartney
"Backflip" - Raven-Symoné
"The Naked Mole Rap" - Wi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lourdata | Lourdata is a village on the south coast of Cephalonia, Greece. It is part of the municipal unit Leivatho.
Populated places in Cephalonia |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concurrency%20semantics | In computer science, concurrency semantics is a way to give meaning to concurrent systems in a mathematically rigorous way. Concurrency semantics is often based on mathematical theories of concurrency such as various process calculi, the actor model, or Petri nets.
A more detailed account of concurrency semantics is given here: Concurrency (computer science).
Semantics
Formal methods |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical%20Lab | The computer program Statistical Lab (Statistiklabor) is an explorative and interactive toolbox for statistical analysis and visualization of data. It supports educational applications of statistics in business administration, economics, social sciences and humanities. The program is developed and constantly advanced by the Center for Digital Systems of the Free University of Berlin. Their website states that the source code is available to private users under the GPL. So if a commercial user wishes to obtain a copy, then they must do so indirectly, from a private user who already has a copy (any of their employees will do).
Simple or complex statistical problems can be simulated, edited and solved individually with the Statistical Lab. It can be extended by using external libraries. Via these libraries, it can also be adapted to individual and local demands like specific target groups. The versatile graphical diagrams allow demonstrative visualization of underlying data.
The Statistical Lab is the successor of Statistik interaktiv!. In contrast to the commercial SPSS the Statistical Lab is didactically driven. It is focused on providing facilities for users with little statistical experience. It combines data frames, contingency tables, random numbers, matrices in a user friendly virtual worksheet. This worksheet allows users to explore the possibilities of calculations, analysis, simulations and manipulation of data.
For mathematical calculations, the Statistical Lab uses the R package, which is a free implementation of the language S Plus (originally developed by Bell Laboratories).
See also
R interfaces
References
External links
Homepage of the Statistical Lab - in English
Statistical Lab Tutorial for newbies - English versions available
forum for Statistical Lab users - bilingual English and German
Tigris.org Source-Code of the Statistical Lab (discontinued, source-code now available in the download-area of the main pages: )
Homepage of the Center for Digital Systems
Statistical software
Windows-only freeware |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiss%20FM%20%28Romania%29 | Kiss FM is a Top40/Hit Radio station from Romania, owned by ANT1 Group. The station was rebranded from the old Radio Contact, after being purchased by a Belgian radio network. The rebranding came with a number of "on air" personalities, such as Șerban Huidu and Mihai Găinușă, the new network quickly got to be one of the most popular hit stations in Romania where it covers the main cities.
Kiss FM Romania also has a branch in Chişinău, the capital of Moldova, that broadcasts a mix between Kiss FM in Bucharest and local radio programmes.
On 23 December 2013 Kiss FM was bought by ANT1 Group after ProSiebenSat.1 Media AG sold its operations in Romania.
On 15 January 2014 Șerban Huidu left the radio station. He was replaced as Programs Director by Raluca Opreanu. The station's playlist manager is Andreea Berghea. On 10 September 2014 Sergiu Floroaia and Andrei Ciobanu joined the radio station as the hosts of the morning show.
Romanian national charts
Kiss FM was responsible for the broadcast of Romania's national singles charts starting with the 2010s. The Airplay 100 was the country's national chart from February 2012 to November 2021, following the Romanian Top 100 which has been published from 1995 to 2012.
References
External links
Official home page (listen live)
Kiss Moldova (listen live)
Radio stations in Romania
Romanian-language radio stations
ProSiebenSat.1 Media
Radio stations established in 1990
1990 establishments in Romania |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMW | SMW may refer to:
Semantic MediaWiki, an extension to MediaWiki that allows for annotating semantic data within wiki pages
Smara Airport, Western Sahara, IATA Airport Code
Smoky Mountain Wrestling, a professional wrestling promotion that held events in the Appalachian area
Special marine warning, a warning issued by the National Weather Service to warn of strong or severe storms over a marine area such as a lake or an ocean
Super Mario World, a 1990 platformer by Nintendo for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System
Shawnee Mission West, a high school in the Shawnee Mission School District in Kansas |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyborg%20%28film%29 | Cyborg is a 1989 American martial-arts cyberpunk film directed by Albert Pyun. Jean-Claude van Damme stars as Gibson Rickenbacker, a mercenary who battles a group of murderous marauders led by Fender Tremolo (Vincent Klyn) along the East coast of the United States in a post-apocalyptic future. It was followed by the sequels Cyborg 2 (1993) and Cyborg 3: The Recycler (1994).
Plot
A plague known as the living death cripples civilization. A small group of surviving scientists and doctors — located in Atlanta, home of the CDC — work on a cure to save what remains of humanity. To complete their work they need information stored on a computer system in New York City. Pearl Prophet volunteers for the dangerous courier mission and is made into a cyborg through surgical augmentation.
Pearl, accompanied by bodyguard Marshall Strat, retrieves the data in New York but is pursued by the vicious Fender Tremolo and his gang of pirates. Fender wants the cure so he can have a monopoly on its production. Strat, badly injured while fighting the pirates, tells Pearl to leave him and find a mercenary, known as a "slinger", who can escort her to safety. She gets cornered but is saved by a slinger named Gibson Rickenbacker. After she explains her situation, they are overrun by Fender's gang, and Gibson is knocked out by falling debris. Fender demands that she accompany him to Atlanta or die.
Fender's gang slaughters a family and steals their boat. They head south for Atlanta via the Intracoastal Waterway with the captive Pearl. Gibson, who had been tracking the pirates, arrives at the scene of slaughter later that night. A shadowy figure attacks him, but he disables her. She turns out to be Nady Simmons, a young woman who mistook him as a pirate. Nady, whose family was wiped out by the plague, joins Gibson. Gibson is less concerned with a cure for the plague than with killing Fender. Gibson and Nady trek southward through the wastelands, where bandits ambush them. Concerned for Nady, Gibson unsuccessfully attempts to convince her to stay away. After declining sex with Nady, Gibson reveals that all he cares about is revenge against Fender, who killed his lover and destroyed his chance to have a normal life and family.
Intercepting Fender and his crew near Charleston, South Carolina, Gibson defeats most of his men, but Fender shoots him with an air rifle. Now nursing a gunshot wound, Gibson realizes Haley (his dead lover's younger sister whom Fender kidnapped) is now a loyal member of Fender's crew. He flees the pirates and ends up alone with Pearl and Nady. Pearl refuses to go with him — she calculates that Gibson is not strong enough to defeat Fender and will be unable to get her to Atlanta safely. She says she will go along with Fender and lure him to his death in Atlanta, where she has resources at her disposal.
Tired, wounded and badly outnumbered, Gibson flees with Nady through the sewer into a salt marsh, where they are pursued by the rest of the pirates and |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief%20data%20officer | A chief data officer (CDO) is a corporate officer responsible for enterprise-wide governance and utilization of information as an asset, via data processing, analysis, data mining, information trading and other means. CDOs usually report to the chief executive officer (CEO), although depending on the area of expertise this can vary. The CDO is a member of the executive management team and manager of enterprise-wide data processing and data mining.
Recently, countries like Canada, Estonia, France, Spain and the United States have established this position of Chief Data Officer. There are ongoing efforts advocating for this role to be more prevalent within government structures to oversee the data strategy and ecosystem of the respective nations.
Role definition
The chief data officer title shares its abbreviation with the chief digital officer, but the two are not the same job. The chief data officer has a significant measure of business responsibility for determining what kinds of information the enterprise will choose to capture, retain and exploit and for what purposes. However, the similar-sounding chief digital officer or chief digital information officer often does not bear that business responsibility, but rather is responsible for the information systems through which data is stored and processed. A chief data officer's purpose is to connect the technological results to the needed business results. Various other roles entail having an understanding of the business value. It means using data to derive business outcome. It can be achieved by knowing the team members and activities performed, the stakeholder values and understanding customer needs. Some responsibilities include the governance, advising & monitoring enterprise data. In terms of operations it means enabling data usability along with efficiency and availability. They have to innovate which means driving the business towards digital transformation innovation, cost reduction, and revenue generation. Their role is also to provide supporting analytics with reports on products, customers, operations, and markets. They need to protect the data and eliminate data territorialism while also promoting data ethics.
History and evolution
The role of manager for data processing was not elevated to that of senior management prior to the 1980s. As organizations have recognized the importance of information technology as well as business intelligence, data integration, master data management and data processing to the fundamental functioning of everyday business, this role has become more visible and crucial. This role includes defining strategic priorities for the company in the area of data systems and opportunities, identifying new business opportunities pertaining to data, optimizing revenue generation through data, and generally representing data as a strategic business asset at the executive table.
With the rise in service-oriented architectures (SOA), large-scale system integratio |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livewire | Livewire(s), Live Wire(s), The Live Wire or Live Wired may refer to:
Live wire (electricity), a wire with a flow of electric current
Computers
Livewire (networking), a digital audio networking technology
LiveWire Professional, computer software for stock market analysis
Livewire Segmentation Technique, an image segmentation technique
LiveWire, a server-side JavaScript environment by Netscape
Entertainment
Comics
Live Wire (comics), several comics-related characters and series including:
Live Wire (DC Comics) or Garth Ranzz, more commonly known as Lightning Lad, a member of the Legion of Super-Heroes
Live Wire (Marvel Comics), a supervillain in the Marvel Comics universe
Livewire (DC Comics), a former supervillainess, now ally of Superman
Livewire (Valiant Comics) or Amanda McKee, a superhero in the Valiant Comics Universe
Livewires (comics), a Marvel Comics series
Film
The Live Wire (1917 film), a British lost silent film starring Ronald Colman
The Live Wire (1925 film), an American silent film starring Johnny Hines
The Live Wire (1935 film), an American film directed by Harry S. Webb
The Live Wire (1937 film), a UK film directed by Herbert Brenon
Live Wire (film), a 1992 film starring Pierce Brosnan
Live Wires (1921 film), American silent drama film
Live Wires (1946 film), a 1946 film starring The Bowery Boys
TV and radio
Live Wire Radio, a syndicated live radio variety show, Portland, Oregon
Livewire (radio station), a student-run radio station at University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
"Livewire" (Superman: The Animated Series), an episode of Superman: The Animated Series
"Livewire" (Supergirl), an episode of the CBS television series Supergirl
Livewire (talk show), a 1980s teen talk show on Nickelodeon
Livewire (Wellington), the radio station run by Wellington High School
WWF LiveWire, a World Wrestling Federation TV series, 1996 to 2001
Music
Live Wire (album), a 2004 album by Third Day
Live Wire (Maren Morris album), 2011
"Live Wire" (Martha and the Vandellas song), 1964
"Live Wire" (Mötley Crüe song), 1981
The Live Wire: Woody Guthrie in Performance 1949, a 2007 album by Woody Guthrie
Live Wired, a 1996 album by Front Line Assembly
Livewired in Europe, a 2023 album by Nebula
Live Wires (album), a 1992 album by Yellowjackets
Live Wire (Lowen & Navarro album)
"Live Wire", a song from T.N.T. by AC/DC
"Live Wire", a song from Seotaiji 7th Issue by Seo Taiji
"Livewire", a 2015 song from the album Oh Wonder by Oh Wonder
"Live Wires", a 2004 album by Stratospheerius
Literature
Live Wire (novel), a 2011 novel by Harlan Coben
The Live Wire (magazine), a short-lived 1908 pulp magazine
Livewire (magazine), rock music magazine 1991–1997
Livewired (book) (Livewired: The Inside Story of the Ever-Changing Brain), a neuroscience book by David Eagleman
Other entertainment
Live Wire, an art installation by Natalie Jeremijenko
Live Wire!, a game developed by Square Enix Europe (SCI/Eidos)
LiveWire Chica |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satmode | SATMODE is a set of technologies originally developed for interactive TV and based on an always-on return channel via satellite designed for ultra low-cost feasibility.
Although no SATMODE network has been deployed up to now for interactive TV, the SATMODE technology is used in the ASTRA2Connect two-way satellite broadband Internet service available across Europe.
Purpose of the technology
SATMODE is an interactive TV solution via satellite, targeting the mass-market through consumer products.
SATMODE supports services to the viewer, like the following ones:
Interactive advertising
Betting
Communication: Chat, SMS, e-mail
Tele-Voting, Polls, Play-along, Quiz
Games: standalone or multiplayer
Home Shopping
Personal Data Consultation / banking
Walled Garden Internet Services
SATMODE also supports features allowing the technical management of the iTV platform:
Enhanced conditional access
Audience metering
Statistics gathering
Hard disk drive content management
The system is scalable up to the complete DTH population and is designed to minimize the terminal cost.
Modem Layer
The modem layer is specified by a CENELEC standard (EN50478).
The system flexibility allows SATMODE to be used in extreme scenarios by adjusting the modem parameters:
Very power limited scenarios (it’s the case for most VSAT Ku-band satellites)
Aggressive multi-beam satellite space segment allowing to increase the return channel speed for a given translit power
To reach the flexibility goal and nevertheless keep full interoperatibility of terminals, SATMODE uses a fully specified waveform toolbox.
The choice of constant envelope modulations is made to minimize the terminal cost. Thanks to this property, very low cost outdoor units (ODUs) operating at full saturation and in non-linear mode can be used.
Moderate bit rates allow to use very low power transmitters (typically 100 mW), keeping the cost compatible with the mass-market.
The selected access scheme -- slotted ALOHA -- is efficient on iTV traffic and very easy to scale up to a very high number of terminals only sending a few packets from time to time.
The building blocks of the SATMODE toolbox are:
Binary or quaternary CPM
Programmable phase filter for CPM modulations (GMSK being a specific case)
Flexible Turbo or Turbo-like
Programmable interleavers (3)
Programmable constituent codes with bypass possibilities (2)
Programmable Unique Word structure
Tables extraction from a DVB TS (DVB-S or DVB-S2 broadcast)
All the parameters are sent by the HUB through DVB tables, even allowing changes during operation:
FCT: Sprectrum organisation in Carrier Groups
FAT: Spectrum Allocation to services
Signalisation information sent to specific terminals is also embedded in DVB tables (SMT tables).
The terminal is fully defined: it must be able to play the complete waveform space.
The HUB is in the ground station. The HUB usually only implements one scheme and sends the tables to the terminals to in |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreshFabrik | FreshFabrik is a Hungarian industrial nu metal band consisting of Szabolcs Oláh aka (kju:) (vocals, guitars), András Szabó (drums) and Levente Kovács (bass & programming) and László Szvoboda (guitars, vox, synth.). FreshFabrik is the first Hungarian English-singing rock/metal band using DJ and rap performances, and the first Hungarian rock/metal band contracted to a major record label.
FreshFabrik is one of the best-selling English-singing Hungarian rock bands of all time. After a three-year break, in 2011 they released a brand-new album MORA. In 2013, after a successful 20 years anniversary tour, FreshFabrik released a new single, and video Higher & Higher (Rock to the Boogie-Woogie) with reunited members: Istvan Horvath and Matyas Koncz.
History
Years of beginning
FreshFabrik was founded by Andras Szabó and Levente Kovács in 1993, in Budapest, Hungary. In the autumn of 1994 the band was introduced supporting Run DMC in Budapest. That time the band signed a record deal with Hungarian Mute Licensee the band was nominated for the MTV Europe Video Contest and the nominated video appeared on MTV Europe's 120 Minutes. In the same year FreshFabrik released the debut album Certifikado.
In 1995-97 the band was clubtouring all over Europe, and performed as supporting band to Nitzer Ebb in Budapest in 1997. That year, the band signed to Warner Music Hungary to release their second album, Nerve. After its success, Warner sent the band touring in Australia for the new album.
Years of success
In the early days of 2000 the band started working on the new album with Mr. Colson from Smart Studios (US) at the mixing desk. The band used the studio-break for performing live on the Pepsi Sziget Festival in Budapest as a headliner, among bands like Bad Religion and The Bloodhound Gang.
The album Drive My Hand came out on 30 October 2000. On 8 March 2001 the band won Hungarian IFPI's Golden Giraffe Award (Hungarian Grammy) as 'The Best Domestic Modern Rock Album of the Year 2000'.
In 2001 Warner Released Drive My Hand in the Czech Republic, and FreshFabrik was supporting Rammstein and AC/DC, in Prague in Strahov Stadium with an audience of 35,000 people.
The band performed at the Sziget Festival again as a headliner, among bands like H-Blockx and New Model Army. The music video for "Lamentation" was nominated to the 'Comet' competition on VIVA TV. The "Lamentation" and "Drive My Hand" videos were appearing on VIVA2 in Germany. That time, the band was working on the release and promotion of Drive My Hand in cooperation with the Vice President A&R of Warner Music International in New York, organising showcases in Los Angeles and New York. Unfortunately the tragic events of September 11 temporarily made it impossible for the band to be present in the States.
"Lamentation" appeared on the track list of the compilation New Generation released by Warner Music Czech Republic in November 2001 among superstars like Linkin Park, Wheatus, Deftones, Faith No More, Suga |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information%20technology%20consulting | In management, information technology consulting (also called IT consulting, computer consultancy, business and technology services, computing consultancy, technology consulting, and IT advisory) is a field of activity which focuses on advising organizations on how best to use information technology (IT) in achieving their business objectives, but it can also refer more generally to IT outsourcing.
Once a business owner defines the needs to take a business to the next level, a decision maker will define a scope, cost and a time frame of the project. The role of the IT consultancy company is to support and nurture the company from the very beginning of the project until the end, and deliver the project not only in the scope, time and cost but also with complete customer satisfaction.
See also
List of major IT consulting firms
Consultant
Outsourcing
References
Software industry |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchid%20Technology | Orchid Technology was a privately held company founded by Le Nhon Bui in 1982.
History
1982 to 1984
The company's original flagship product was its PCNet card, a 1 megabit-per-second LAN (networking) card for IBM PCs and clones. Notably, the acronym LAN (Local Area Networking) is the Vietnamese word for "Orchid". Hence, the origin of the company name.
Also in 1982, it introduced the Orchid Graphics Adapter, a graphics board for IBM PC compatible computers. It was intended to provide high resolution (at the time) monochrome graphic abilities to computers limited to text displays. It was aimed at the business market and one of the three first third party graphic boards for PCs.
After this successful product, the company embarked on introducing high-performance add-in cards, most notably the LIM (Lotus, Intel Microsoft standard) which extended DOS out to 1M, Multi-purpose network cards that included RAM, clock, serial printer ports and Network COAX TCP-IP capabilities. Orchid developed its own operating system as well as one of the first 5 OEM's of Novell. Other products included PC Turbo, TinyTurbo and TurboVGA enhancement cards that included 186 and 286 processors. As the operating systems took on more resources Orchid made a switch back to its roots as PC board manufacturer.
1984 to 1986
From 1984 to 1986 the company switched to an Autocad video board manufacturer. Later, a variety of memory and video cards were introduced.
After 1988
In 1988, Orchid started designing and selling back-plane motherboards under the Privilege Systems Division. However, Orchid could not garner any significant market-share due to stiff competition from motherboard makers Micronics Computers, Inc., Mylex Corporation and American Megatrends Inc. (AMI), the original motherboard brand names in the industry.
1994
In August 1994, Orchid Technology was acquired by motherboard maker Micronics Computers, Inc.
Orchid sold their products through Direct to Fortune companies, OEMs, System Integrators and National Distributors such as Gates/FA, Techdata, Ingram and Micro D.
Graphic Cards
Orchid was known for its Righteous 3D, Fahrenheit Video3D and Kelvin 64 graphics accelerators. They also manufactured an array of multimedia products including SoundWave 32 and GameWave 32 and the award-winning Vidiola line of digital capture and playback systems.
See also
List of defunct graphics chips and card companies
Orchid Graphics Adapter
References
1982 establishments in California
1994 disestablishments in California
1994 mergers and acquisitions
American companies established in 1982
American companies disestablished in 1994
Computer companies established in 1982
Computer companies disestablished in 1994
Defunct computer companies based in California
Defunct computer companies of the United States
Defunct computer hardware companies |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IGOR%20Pro | IGOR Pro is a scientific data analysis software, numerical computing environment and programming language that runs on Windows or Mac operating systems. It is developed by WaveMetrics Inc., and was originally aimed at time series analysis, but has since then evolved and covers other applications such as curve fitting and image processing. It comes with a fully functional programming language and compiler, but many functions are also accessible through menus. IGOR Pro is primarily known for its graphics capabilities, and like Origin and other similar programs, is often used to generate plots for scientific and other publications. Other features include the possibility of extending the built-in functions with external operations (XOP) allowing data acquisition, manipulation and analysis features, communication with external devices and in principle any other task that can be programmed in C or C++.
It was first released as "Igor" in 1989, and became "Igor Pro" circa 1994.
Features
Igor Pro has several features that distinguish it from other graphing programs. The most significant ones are:
It is completely programmable with a compiled, C-like programming language.
Igor features a hybrid interface that allows to control the program either with a command line or with clicking menu entries with the mouse.
It allows to store data in up to four-dimensional, sophisticated arrays (called "waves").
The concept of Igor's "waves"
Waves are up to four-dimensional arrays that can carry not only numbers, but also characters (text), or date-and-time entries. Waves can carry meta-information, for example, the physical units of each dimension. Igor offers a wide choice of methods to work with these waves. It is possible to do image-processing with images that have been saved as two- or three-dimensional waves. In addition, two-dimensional waves can be used for matrix calculations.
Capabilities of Igor's programming language
Without the optional add-on packages (XOP, NIDAQ Tools), Igor's programming language supports, amongst others, the following concepts
Generating compiled code (although no independent .exe file is created)
Handling of variables, strings, and waves
Formatted output
Regular expressions
Making graphical user interfaces
FTP and HTTP communication
Reading/writing operations on the hard drive
Community
A community of users and enthusiasts provide user-to-user support through a mailing list, IgorExchange (a collaborative web site sponsored by WaveMetrics), and GitHub repositories.
Several large scientific user facilities, such as Argonne National Laboratory, have developed and published data analysis libraries for Igor Pro. The control and data-acquisition programs for photoelectron spectrometers of ScientaOmicron
and SPECS Surface Nano Analysis GmbH
save spectra in Igor Pro file formats.
The "INO MAKRO" was developed in Japan for the analysis of X-ray absorption and photoemission spectra.
Igor Pro has been used as a plat |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtualtourist | VirtualTourist (VT) was a free online travel guide and social networking service. The website had over 1.3 million members, which contributed to sharing 3.7 million photos and posted 1.8 million travel tips for over 70,000 locations. Members were able to rate each other's tips by accuracy and helpfulness. Each member had a "VT rank" based on the ratings of their tips.
Some members attended meetings, which often included over 100 participants.
The company also provided "Top 10 lists" based on rankings by its members, including "10 of world's most unusual foods", "Top 10 European Cities To See Now", and "Best Street Art".
The site earned honors including recommended travel forum by Time, a favorite website by Newsweek, and one of the 35 best travel sites by Travel + Leisure.
Effective February 27, 2017, the site was shut down.
History
The origin of Virtualtourist is found in a project at the University of Buffalo to provide a Web-based map of all servers on the Internet. This project was nominated for “Best Navigation Aid” at the Best of the Web Awards at the First International Conference on the World-Wide Web.
In 1996, Brandon Plewe at the University of Buffalo registered “Virtual Tourist” as a trademark in the US, but abandoned the trademark in 1997. Shortly thereafter, two German computer science students, Tilman Reissfelder and Thorsten Kalkbrenner at the University of Karlsruhe, registered the URL.
By 1999, Reissfelder and Kalkbrenner had a site with a few hundred city locations with travel links that people could add to and which would reference their user profiles. The site, which had links about “Hotels, Restaurants, Things to Do”, received 1.5 million page views per month from about 500,000 unique visitors. J.R. Johnson, an American attorney, teamed up with Reissfelder and Kalkbrenner, moved the company to the US, raised money, with Reissfelder as CTO and Johnson as CEO.
The website launched in January 2000 at the peak of the dot-com bubble.
In 2007, the company launched VirtualTourist Travel Guides, printed guidebooks composed almost entirely of user-generated content.
In July 2008, VirtualTourist.com, Inc. and sister site Onetime were acquired by Expedia Group (then owner of TripAdvisor) for $85 million.
In September 2012, the company announced a partnership whereby it would provide perks to travelers with Contiki Tours who posted about their experiences on the website.
Effective February 27, 2017, the site was shut down.
References
Tripadvisor
American travel websites
Internet properties disestablished in 2017
Internet properties established in 1999
1999 establishments in the United States |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AVT | AVT may refer to:
Advanced volatile threat, cyberattack not requiring file on hard drive
Alijah Vera-Tucker, American football player
Arginine vasotocin, a hormone
Asociación de Víctimas del Terrorismo (Association of Victims of Terrorism), Spain
Audiovisual translation, a specialized branch of translation
Avnet, American electronics company (NASDAQ stock symbol AVT)
AVT Statistical filtering algorithm
US Navy Aircraft Transports, see list of auxiliaries of the United States Navy |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System%20Management%20Interface%20Tool | The System Management Interface Tool (SMIT) is a menu-based management tool for the IBM AIX operating system.
It allows a user to navigate a menu hierarchy of commands, rather than using the command line.
See also
Object Data Manager
IBM Web-based System Manager (WSM)
linuxconf
Webmin
YaST
GAdmintools
References
User interfaces
AIX SMIT
Unix configuration utilities |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generation%20of%20primes | In computational number theory, a variety of algorithms make it possible to generate prime numbers efficiently. These are used in various applications, for example hashing, public-key cryptography, and search of prime factors in large numbers.
For relatively small numbers, it is possible to just apply trial division to each successive odd number. Prime sieves are almost always faster. Prime sieving is the fastest known way to deterministically enumerate the primes. There are some known formulas that can calculate the next prime but there is no known way to express the next prime in terms of the previous primes. Also, there is no effective known general manipulation and/or extension of some mathematical expression (even such including later primes) that deterministically calculates the next prime.
Prime sieves
A prime sieve or prime number sieve is a fast type of algorithm for finding primes. There are many prime sieves. The simple sieve of Eratosthenes (250s BCE), the sieve of Sundaram (1934), the still faster but more complicated sieve of Atkin (2003), and various wheel sieves are most common.
A prime sieve works by creating a list of all integers up to a desired limit and progressively removing composite numbers (which it directly generates) until only primes are left. This is the most efficient way to obtain a large range of primes; however, to find individual primes, direct primality tests are more efficient. Furthermore, based on the sieve formalisms, some integer sequences are constructed which also could be used for generating primes in certain intervals.
Large primes
For the large primes used in cryptography, provable primes can be generated based on variants of Pocklington primality test, while probable primes can be generated with probabilistic primality tests such as the Baillie–PSW primality test or the Miller–Rabin primality test. Both the provable and probable primality tests rely on modular exponentiation. To further reduce the computational cost, the integers are first checked for any small prime divisors using either sieves similar to the sieve of Eratosthenes or trial division.
Integers of special forms, such as Mersenne primes or Fermat primes, can be efficiently tested for primality if the prime factorization of p − 1 or p + 1 is known.
Complexity
The sieve of Eratosthenes is generally considered the easiest sieve to implement, but it is not the fastest in the sense of the number of operations for a given range for large sieving ranges. In its usual standard implementation (which may include basic wheel factorization for small primes), it can find all the primes up to N in time while basic implementations of the sieve of Atkin and wheel sieves run in linear time . Special versions of the Sieve of Eratosthenes using wheel sieve principles can have this same linear time complexity. A special version of the Sieve of Atkin and some special versions of wheel sieves which may include sieving using the methods from the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACTION | ACTION (Australian Capital Territory Internal Omnibus Network) is a bus operator in Canberra, Australia, and is owned by the Government of the Australian Capital Territory.
History
On 19 July 1926, the Federal Capital Commission commenced operating public bus services between Eastlake (now Kingston) in the south and Ainslie in the north.
The service was first known as Canberra City Omnibus Service, but it has had a number of names over the years, including Canberra City Bus Service, Canberra Omnibus Service and Canberra Bus Service. On 14 February 1977, it was renamed as the Australian Capital Territory Internal Omnibus Network, or ACTION for short.
In 1976, Canberra became the first city in Australia to operate articulated buses after the purchase of 25 MAN SG192s. In May 1982, ACTION commenced operating the Canberra Explorer in a joint venture with Murrays.
As part of the move to ACT self-government, responsibility for ACTION passed from the Federal Government to the ACT Government in 1989. In 2001, ACTION became a statutory authority.
Network 2019
In June 2018, the ACT Government released a proposal for changes to the bus network to coincide with the opening of the Light Rail which included a 7-day network with 10 rapid routes and an overhaul of the route numbers. The proposed changes caused controversy due to changes to school services and the removal of all Xpresso services. Public consultation for the proposal lasted between June and August 2018 and a modified proposal was released in October 2018. The starting date of the new bus network was pushed back to 29 April 2019 due to delays on the construction of the Light Rail.
Corporate structure
ACTION is a business unit of the Public Transport Division of Transport Canberra & City Services. Transport Canberra was formed on 1 July 2016 by combining the Public Transport Division and Capital Metro Agency to manage all public transport operations within the ACT.
Current routes
ACTION operates a 7-day network of bus routes including nine main routes and 48 local routes.
R2
Route R2 is a limited stop service between Fraser, Kippax, Belconnen, City, Parkes, Barton and Iron Knob Street, Fyshwick (at the Canberra Outlet Centre).
It operates at a 15-minute frequency on weekdays and it operates at a 30-minute frequency on weekends and public holidays.
R3
Route R3 is a limited stop service between Spence, Belconnen, City, Russell Offices and Canberra Airport.
It operates at a 15-minute frequency on weekdays and it operates at a 30-minute frequency on weekends and public holidays.
R4
Route R4 services provide a high-frequency link between Belconnen, City, Woden and Tuggeranong.
It operates at a 5 to 10-minute frequency on weekdays and it operates at a 15-minute frequency on weekends and public holidays.
R5
Route R5 is a high-frequency link between the City, Woden, Erindale Centre, Calwell Centre and Lanyon Marketplace.
It operates at a 15-minute frequency on weekdays and it operates at |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girls%20v.%20Boys | Girls v. Boys, also known as GVB, is an American game show that aired on Noggin's teen programming block, The N. It was produced by Noggin LLC and Dancing Toad Productions, the same team that collaborated with Noggin to produce A Walk in Your Shoes. The show aired from August 8, 2003 to October 7, 2005. GVB pits teams of adolescent boys and girls against each other in physical competitions for the chance to score points and win prizes. The series had four seasons: GVB: Tampa, GVB: Hawaii, GVB: Montana, and GVB: Puerto Rico.
The Games
Before the games started, anyone between the ages of 16 and 18 are asked to audition. The show then shows the competitions as well as the debacles between the two teams, both internally and externally. The games consisted of physical competitions as well as acts of sabotage such as during baking contests. The purpose of the competitions is to attain a prize (it has varied from season to season, but in Puerto Rico it was $50,000 for the winning team and $1,000 worth of travel gear split between the winning team members). Each competition earns the winners of the competition a set number of points (ranging from 100 to over 500 in the final event) and the team that earns the most points wins.
The first game was set in Tampa and had three girls and three boys on opposite teams. They stayed at a summer camp.
The second game was set in Hawaii and also had three girls and three boys on opposite teams. However, Lauren Collins and Jake Epstein also make appearances. This season also introduced the teams staying at vacation houses.
The third game during the span of 11 episodes was set in rural Montana and had expanded the competitors to non-celebrity teams of four girls and four boys on opposite teams. The contestants were expected to constantly talk about winning the game, by chanting the phrase "Fresh Money" with a specific accent. Also, in episode 8 Colleen Kirk and Jose Gonzalez appeared to get in a verbal dispute with the rest of the episodes focusing on the consequences of the dispute. This was part of the script as none of the contestants were disqualified.
The fourth and final game during the span of 10 episodes was set in Puerto Rico and the format changed yet again. There were four girls and four boys but they were no longer opposite each other. Three girls and one boy were competing against one girl and three boys. This happened during the span of episodes 4, 5, and 6 where the contestants were told to vote one girl and one boy. It was revealed to be a gimmick when Paris Hoover and Ryder Darcy were "voted out" but then they returned but this time they switched teams.
Cast
Ursula Abbott
Dave B.
Season 1 (Florida)
Mikey Maher
Marcus Polo
Skylar
Sam
Marilyn
Vicky
Season 2 (Hawaii)
Teri Onoda
Kris Brown
Justin Simmons
Dina Mazariegos
Christina Campfield
Jessica Huggins
Jake Epstein
Lauren Collins
Season 3 (Montana)
Matt Johnson
Jose Gonzalez
Allen Justice
Frank Chad Muniz
Monica Estrad |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glauber | Glauber is a scientific discovery method written in the context of computational philosophy of science. It is related to machine learning in artificial intelligence.
Glauber was written, among other programs, by Pat Langley, Herbert A. Simon, G. Bradshaw and J. Zytkow to demonstrate how scientific discovery may be obtained by problem solving methods, in their book Scientific Discovery, Computational Explorations on the Creative Mind.
Their programs simulate historical scientific discoveries based on the empirical evidence known at the time of discovery.
Glauber was named after Johann Rudolph Glauber, a 17th-century alchemist whose work helped to develop acid-base theory. Glauber (the method) rediscovers the law of acid-alkali reactions producing salts, given the qualities of substances and observed facts, the result of mixing substances. From that knowledge Glauber discovers that substances that taste bitter react with substances tasting sour, producing substances tasting salty.
In few words, the law:
Acid + Alkali --> Salt
Glauber was designed by Pat Langley as part of his work on discovery heuristics in an attempt to have a computer automatically review a host of values and characteristics and make independent analyses from them. In the case of Glauber, the goal was to have an autonomous application that could estimate, even perfectly describe, the nature of a given chemical compound by comparing it to related substances. Langley formalized and compiled Glauber in 1983.
The software were supplied with information about a variety of materials as they had been described by 17-18th century chemists, before most of modern chemical knowledge had been uncovered or invented. Qualitative descriptions like taste, rather than numerical data such as molecular weight, were programmed into the application. Chemical reactions that were known in that era and the distinction between reactants and products were also provided. From this knowledge, Glauber was to figure out which substances were acids, bases, and salts without any quantitative information. The system examined chemical substances and all of their most likely reactions and correlates the expected taste and related acidity or saltiness according to the rule that acids and bases produce salts.
Glauber was a very successful advance in theoretical chemistry as performed by computer and it, along with similar systems developed by Herbert A. Simon including Stahl (which examines oxidation) and DALTON (which calculates atomic weight), helped form the groundwork of all current automated chemical analysis.
The Glauber method
Information representation (data structures)
Glauber uses two predicates: Reacts and Has-Quality, represented in Lisp lists as follows:
(Reacts Inputs {reactant1 reactant2 ...} Outputs {product1 product2 ...})
(Has-Quality Object {substance} quality {value})
For their experiment the authors used the following facts:
(Reacts Inputs {HCl NaOH} Outputs {NaCl})
(Reacts Input |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtutech | Virtutech was a company founded in 1998 as a spin-off from the Swedish Institute of Computer Science (SICS), to commercially develop its Simics computer architecture simulator software. In 2004, Virtutech accepted investment and moved headquarters to San Jose, California, USA. In 2010, Virtutech was wholly acquired by Intel and became part of Intel's Wind River subsidiary. In 2018, Wind River was sold to TPG Capital, which continues to sell Simics under the Wind River brand. The Intel Stockholm site remains the center of Simics core R&D.
Simics software is used by teams of software developers to simulate computer systems. This facilitates the development, testing, and debugging of embedded software that runs devices such as high-end servers, network hardware, aerospace/military vehicles, and automobiles. Simics allows embedded software developers to create virtual models of hardware using an ordinary desktop computer, run specified sets of tests, and walk the programs through each step of execution, both forwards and backwards.
History
In 2001, AMD and Virtutech began working collaboratively on simulation for AMD's Hammer chips. In July 2005, IBM selected Virtutech Simics for development of its POWER6 platform. In 2007, Virtutech and Freescale announced a collaboration program around multicore processors. Virtutech thus appears to have a customer base that is partly in the embedded software world, and partly in the general computing and server world.
Virtutech was a member of Power.org.
As embedded systems become more complex, especially with the advent of multiprocessors, it has become increasingly difficult to develop and debug embedded software without the use of specialized tools. Virtutech's idea is to provide tools that allow developers to develop software faster than they would using hardware and traditional development methods. In particular, by modeling a complex hardware system using software running on an ordinary workstation computer, Virtutech claims to reduce the challenge of embedded software development.
On February 5, 2010, Intel announced that it had acquired Virtutech and that Simics will now be maintained by Intel's subsidiary Wind River Systems. The price of the acquisition was $45M.
References
EE Times - Virtutech system-level simulator features Hindsight technology
Notes
External links
Virtutech
Simics
Software companies based in California
Companies based in San Jose, California
Companies established in 1998
Electronic design automation companies
Emulation software
Simulation software
Virtual machines
Intel acquisitions
Defunct software companies of the United States |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.324 | H.324 is an ITU-T recommendation for voice, video and data transmission over regular analog phone lines. It uses a regular 33,600 bit/s modem for transmission, the H.263 codec for video encoding and G.723.1 for audio.
H.324 standard is formally known as Terminal for low bit-rate multimedia communication. H.324 covers the technical requirements for very low bit-rate multimedia telephone terminals operating over the General Switched Telephone Network (GSTN). H.324 terminals provide real-time video, audio, or data, or any combination, between two multimedia telephone terminals over a GSTN voice band network connection.
H.324 terminals offering audio communication shall support the G.723.1 audio codec. H.324 terminals offering video communication shall support the H.263 and H.261 video codecs.
G.722.1 may be used for wideband audio applications.
Annex G of H.324 specification defines usage of ISO/IEC 14496-1 (MPEG-4 Systems) generic capabilities in H.324 terminals. H.324/I terminals shall support interoperation with voice telephones using G.711 speech coding, if the connected network supports transmission and reception of G.711. Other modes such as G.722 audio may optionally be supported as well.
H.324 was adapted by 3GPP to form 3G-324M.
It is for example used in the Vialta Beamer BM-80 Phone Video Station, the MINX system from Datapoint Corporation, and in several other videophones.
See also
H.320
H.323
Videoconferencing
Videotelephony
References
External links
ITU-T Recommendation H.324 : Terminal for low bit-rate multimedia communication
3GPP TS 26.111 - Codec for circuit switched multimedia telephony service; Modifications to H.324
Videotelephony
ITU-T recommendations
ITU-T H Series Recommendations |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NICTA | NICTA (formerly named National ICT Australia Ltd) was Australia's Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Research Centre of Excellence and is now known as CSIRO's Data61. The term "Centre of Excellence" is common marketing terminology used by some Australian government organisations for titles of science research groups. NICTA's role was to pursue potentially economically significant ICT related research for the Australian economy.
NICTA was structured around groups focused primarily on pure research and implementing those ideas within business teams. When its funding ceased, NICTA merged with Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) to form a new entity named CSIRO's Data61 on 28 August 2015.
History
In 2002, NICTA won a competitive selection process to be established as Australia's national centre of excellence in information and communications technology (ICT) research, under an Australian Government policy initiative to promote science and innovation called Backing Australia's Ability. The creation of the centre was intended to address a formerly identified weakness in long-term strategic ICT research in Australia. NICTA was officially opened on 27 February 2003.
The founding members of NICTA were the University of New South Wales, Australian National University, the Government of New South Wales (NSW), and the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly (ACT). NICTA later acquired other university and government partners. In January 2003, The University of Sydney became a partner. In July 2004, the Victoria State Government and The University of Melbourne became partners. In January 2005, the Queensland Government, the University of Queensland, Griffith University, and the Queensland University of Technology became partners. The University of Melbourne and the Victoria State Government became members in May 2011.
Since foundation NICTA created more than six new companies, collaborated on joint projects with a range of ICT industries, developed a substantial technology and intellectual property portfolio and supplied new expertise to the ICT industry through a NICTA-supported PhD program.
Australian Federal Government funding of NICTA was due to expire in June 2016 and there was a concerted effort to secure a merger with CSIRO. This merger was to be with the CSIRO Digital Productivity Flagship and there was the potential for up to 200 redundancies due to funding cuts to both organisations. This merger was realised in due course as the option of last resort as NICTA lost all Federal funding and CSIRO had significant cuts.
Duane Zitzner (who replaced Hugh F. Durrant-Whyte as CEO in December 2014 after Durrant-Whyte resigned suddenly due to a disagreement with the NICTA Board) left NICTA at the end of May 2015 in the hope that the merger with CSIRO would be completed by the end of June 2015. As of August 2015, the merger had not been finalized and Professor Robert (Bob) Williamson (who also heade |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collaboration%20Data%20Objects%20for%20Windows%20NT%20Server | Collaboration Data Objects for Windows NT Server (CDONTS) is a component included with Microsoft's Windows NT and Windows 2000 server products. It facilitates creating and sending e-mail messages from within web application scripts, typically ASP pages. It is implemented as a COM component, and requires a locally installed SMTP server to handle mail delivery.
CDONTS was deprecated in Windows 2000, and removed completely in Windows Server 2003 in favour of a significantly improved interface, Collaboration Data Objects (CDOSYS).
External links
MSKB 324649 - Description of CDONTS and how to troubleshoot CDONTS problems in Windows 2000 and in Windows NT 4.0
MSKB 810702 - How to migrate the Collaboration Data Objects for NTS applications to Microsoft Collaboration Data Objects for Windows 2000
Using CDOSYS with Coldfusion
Microsoft server technology |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ariamnes | Ariamnes I ( Ariámnēs; fl. 4th century BC; ruled 362–350 BC) was satrap of Cappadocia under Persian suzerainty. Son of Datames and father of Ariarathes I and his brother Orophernes (Holophernes), Diodorus states that Ariamnes governed fifty years although it is unclear how this could be correct given the dates that his father Datames (ruled 385-362 BC) and his son Ariarathes I (ruled 350-331 BC) were satraps of Cappadocia.
Notes
References
Hazel, John; Who's Who in the Greek World, "Ariamnes I" (1999)
Smith, William (editor); Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, "Ariamnes I", Boston (1867)
Achaemenid satraps of Cappadocia
4th-century BC governors |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tablespace | A tablespace is a storage location where the actual data underlying database objects can be kept. It provides a layer of abstraction between physical and logical data, and serves to allocate storage for all DBMS managed segments. (A database segment is a database object which occupies physical space such as table data and indexes.) Once created, a tablespace can be referred to by name when creating database segments.
Tablespaces specify only the database storage locations, not the logical database structure, or database schema. For instance, different objects in the same schema may have different underlying tablespaces. Similarly, a tablespace may service segments for more than one schema. Sometimes it can be used to specify schema so as to form a bond between logical and physical data.
By using tablespaces, an administrator also can control the disk layout of an installation. A common use of tablespaces is to optimize performance. For example, a heavily used index can be placed on a fast SSD. On the other hand, a database table which contains archived data that is rarely accessed could be stored on a less expensive but slower magnetic hard drive.
While it is common for tablespaces to store their data in a filesystem file, a single file must be part of a single tablespace. Some database management systems allow tablespaces to be configured directly over operating-system device entries, called raw devices, providing better performance by avoiding the OS filesystem overheads.
Oracle stores data logically in tablespaces and physically in datafiles associated with the corresponding tablespace.
References
Database management systems |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshio%20Ikeda | was a Japanese engineer. He was the former managing director of Fujitsu and was the pioneer of domestic computer production in Japan.
External links
20th-century Japanese engineers
1923 births
1974 deaths
Recipients of the Medal with Purple Ribbon |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System%20Y | System Y is the terminology used by BT, the main operator of the telephone network in the United Kingdom, to refer to the Ericsson AXE digital switching system.
In the mid-1980s, British Telecom chose the well established AXE10 digital switch to provide competition for System X developed by a consortium of Plessey, General Electric Company (GEC) (companies later combined as GPT), STC and BT's state owned predecessor, the GPO. The newly privatised BT brought in Ericsson as a competitive alternative supplier ending Plessey/GEC's monopoly on the provision of switching systems.
Initially, the AXE systems installed in the UK were partially locally manufacturered in partnership with Thorn EMI and later directly by Ericsson. While System X exchanges were more widespread in BT's network, AXE10 (and subsequent versions) remain common in the classic BT PSTN until their eventual replacement when the network is closed, which at the time of the writing is expected to be in 2025
AXE10 covers two main types of digital telephony switching equipment: the remote subscriber switch (RSS) and the AXE10 local switch. RSS acts as a remote concentrator and deals with the conversion of analogue telephony signals used in the access network, which is the copper pairs between exchange buildings and customer premises, also called local loop, and the multiplexing of customer lines over cabling to the AXE10 local switching unit. The AXE10 local switch uses a processor-controlled switch to route calls and data depending on the destination of the telephony transmission.
BT's AXE10 network, which has been in service since 1986, is maintained in house by its own engineers although Ericsson still provide high-level support, software upgrades and repairs at component level.
AXE/System Y, System X and other TDM technologies are already being be phased out as BT, in common with many networks around the world, implements its next generation access network, which will ultimately be based predominantly on fibre to premises (FTTP), with voice services provided using VoIP technology.
References
Telephone exchange equipment
BT Group |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnum%20Light%20Phaser | The Magnum Light Phaser is a light gun created in 1987 for the ZX Spectrum computer. A version was also released for the Commodore 64/128. It was Amstrad's last peripheral for the video game console. The Magnum Light Phaser in many ways resembles the Light Phaser, the Master System light gun, released in 1986. It was a Sinclair-branded Far Eastern product which was included in promotional bundles such as the "James Bond 007 Action Pack", along with a small number of lightgun-compatible games.
It was also available separately in a £29.95 pack along with six games. Only a few games bothered with lightgun compatibility (Operation Wolf, the original arcade gun game, was the most notable) and fewer still were produced specifically for use with the Magnum. Even so, the lightgun was widely available, largely because Amstrad's bundling policy ensured wide distribution.
Software Creations created five exclusive games for the Commodore 64 package.
Supported Games
ZX Spectrum:
Bullseye
James Bond 007
Missile: Ground Zero
Operation Wolf
Robot Attack
Rookie
Solar Invasion
Bundled with the Commodore 64 version:
Baby Blues
Cosmic Storm
Ghost Town
Goosebusters
Gunslinger
Operation Wolf (replaces the NEOS mouse control option)
Bundled with the Commodore 64 Lightgun package, and compatible with the Magnum:
Army Days
Gangster
Time Traveller
Blaze-Out (compilation of Ocean game sequences with lightgun controls)
References
External links
Crash review of the Magnum Light Gun and Games
Light Phaser
Light guns
ZX Spectrum
Commodore 64
Game controllers
Amstrad |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weblogs%2C%20Inc. | Weblogs, Inc. was a blog network that published content on a variety of subjects, including tech news, video games, automobiles, and pop culture. At one point, the network had as many as 90 blogs, although the vast majority of its traffic could be attributed to a smaller number of breakout titles, as was typical of most large-scale successful blog networks of the mid-2000s. Popular blogs included Engadget, Autoblog, TUAW, Joystiq, Luxist, Slashfood, Cinematical, TV Squad, Download Squad, Blogging Baby, Gadling, AdJab, and Blogging Stocks.
Today, Engadget and Autoblog are the only remaining brands from the company, now existing as part of Yahoo! Inc.
History
The company was founded in September 2003 by Jason Calacanis and Brian Alvey, in the wake of Calacanis's Silicon Alley Reporter magazine, with backing from investor Mark Cuban. By early 2004, Weblogs, Inc. and Gawker Media were establishing the two most notable templates for networked blog empires. Initially, Weblogs, Inc. consisted of a few dozen blogs, all residing as subdomains of weblogsinc.com. The exception was Engadget, a stand-alone site covering new technology in blog format. Engadget was co-founded by Peter Rojas, the former editor of Gizmodo in the Gawker Media network. Eventually a plethora of independent brands were established, including 26 stand-alone sites and over 50 sub-blogs. A few of the company principals also maintained personal blogs on the network, including Mark Cuban.
Weblogs Inc was sold to AOL for a reported $25 million in October 2005. The move came as AOL was preparing to become an independent division within Time Warner. Weblogs Inc continued to operate independently from AOL's other content websites for many years, until AOL began phasing out the Weblogs Inc branding in favor of its own, consolidating to a few of the strongest titles, and integrating more closely with its namesake media division, which included AOL News, AOL Autos, AOL Tech, etc.
The emphasis on AOL branding was increased following the spin-off of AOL from Time Warner in 2009. Up until mid-2010, Weblogs, Inc. branding remained subtly alongside AOL's, on titles like Engadget and Autoblog, but in late 2010, the name was dropped and the official website was redirected to AOL.com, approximately coinciding with a major redesign of AOL branded properties. Around the same time, AOL also acquired tech industry blog TechCrunch, at a time when it had less than a dozen remaining blog brands.
Following AOL's $315 million acquisition of The Huffington Post in February 2011, the former Weblogs Inc blogs, along with TechCrunch and many of AOL's other content brands, were reorganized under a new division called the "Huffington Post Media Group." Under the arrangement, the Huffington Post editorial team took responsibility for editorial oversight of AOL's other blogs and news sites. Months after the acquisition, AOL further consolidated its total count of content websites to just 20 brands, of which Engadge |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SDRC | SDRC (Structural Dynamics Research Corporation) is a leading company specializing in MCAE (Mechanical Computer Aided Engineering) and PLM (Product Lifecycle Management) software.
History
SDRC was formed by engineers, led by then associate professor Dr. Jason R. Lemon, from the University of Cincinnati in 1967, as a consulting company specializing in structural dynamics, or how mechanical parts vibrate. US Steel was a primary customer and early investor, until selling their shares to General Electric in the early 80's.
To aid in its consulting, the company wrote software to simulate and predict vibration. Companies began asking for rights to use this software, and thus SDRC entered the software market. In the 70s, SDRC became known as a Finite Element and Modelling company, and during the 80s and 90s became one of the leading companies in solid modeling and analysis. SDRC (Lemon) is well known globally as one of the first to coin the term "MCAE" (Mechanical Computer Aided Engineering) in the 70's. Dr. Lemon left SDRC in 1982 to form a new start up in 1983, International TechneGroup Incorporated; focused on applying CAE early in product development to lead design, a methodology known as CP/PD (Concurrent Product and Process Development).
Among several technologies pioneered by SDRC, it was one of the first companies to introduce a Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) solution, as a result of its joint venture with Control Data. The product, Metaphase, eventually became the sole property of SDRC.
Financial scandal
On September 14, 1994, SDRC announced that it would be forced to restate its previously-announced earnings. Months later, it was revealed that the Company had overstated its revenue over the three previous years by a combined total of $68 million, citing improprieties in its Far East reseller operations. After the scheme was disclosed, $30 million in SDRC software was discovered in a warehouse at Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport.
On April 11, 1997, the former chairman of SDRC and four other former company executives agreed to pay $1.5 million to settle charges that the Milford software company artificially inflated earnings and revenues from 1992 to 1994. Vice president Tony Tolani paid the government $1 million; Chairman/CEO Ron Friedsam was fined $100,000; CFO Ron Hoffman paid $200,000, VP Robert Fischer, $157,000; and Controller Dick LaJoie, $25,000. The resulting class-action shareholder lawsuit was settled on November 21, 1997, with SDRC agreeing to pay $37.5 million in payouts to affected shareholders.
The SEC also sanctioned the KPMG audit partners responsible for independent audits of company financials at the time.
Philip Present and William Scanlon were sanctioned by the SEC, with restrictions on their accounting practice and ability to represent public companies imposed by SEC action.
" Present and Scanlon were also aware that audit differences, representing 22% of the net income originally reporte |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lian%20Li | Lian Li Industrial Co., Ltd. () is a Taiwanese computer case and accessories manufacturer. It is one of the largest manufacturers of aluminium computer cases in Taiwan and is also a major world competitor in the premium aftermarket computer case industry.
Products
Lian Li cases are constructed with either brushed or anodised aluminium and are lightweight and offered in silver, black, grey, golden, red, blue, and green shades. In addition to their various cases, they produce aluminum desks, power supplies and accessories such as window kits, CPU coolers, fans, removable hard drive bays, bezel covers, and memory card readers. The company also provides OEM and ODM services.
History
Lian Li Industrial Co., Ltd was founded in 1983.
Location
It has its headquarters in the Liudu Industrial Park (六堵工業區, Liùdǔ Gōngyèqū) in Keelung.
Subsidiary brand
In 2009 Lian Li launched LanCool as a subsidiary to produce cases without their signature aluminium in an effort to bring costs down. These cases feature a tool-less architecture aimed at gamers and PC enthusiasts. With LanCool producing the non-aluminium midtower cases, Lian Li is well known as a high-end aluminium chassis manufacturer. In August 2018, after years without new product releases, Lian Li revived the LanCool branding and presented the LanCool One chassis featuring tempered glass panels and RGB lighting.
See also
List of companies of Taiwan
Antec
Cooler Master
NZXT
Razer
Thermaltake
Zalman
Case modding
References
External links
Lian Li Industrial Co, Ltd. Official Homepage /
1983 establishments in Taiwan
Companies established in 1983
Computer enclosure companies
Computer power supply unit manufacturers
Companies based in Keelung
Electronics companies of Taiwan
Taiwanese brands |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet%20flow%20control | Ethernet flow control is a mechanism for temporarily stopping the transmission of data on Ethernet family computer networks. The goal of this mechanism is to avoid packet loss in the presence of network congestion.
The first flow control mechanism, the pause frame, was defined by the IEEE 802.3x standard. The follow-on priority-based flow control, as defined in the IEEE 802.1Qbb standard, provides a link-level flow control mechanism that can be controlled independently for each class of service (CoS), as defined by IEEE P802.1p and is applicable to data center bridging (DCB) networks, and to allow for prioritization of voice over IP (VoIP), video over IP, and database synchronization traffic over default data traffic and bulk file transfers.
Description
A sending station (computer or network switch) may be transmitting data faster than the other end of the link can accept it. Using flow control, the receiving station can signal the sender requesting suspension of transmissions until the receiver catches up. Flow control on Ethernet can be implemented at the data link layer.
The first flow control mechanism, the pause frame, was defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) task force that defined full duplex Ethernet link segments. The IEEE standard 802.3x was issued in 1997.
Pause frame
An overwhelmed network node can send a pause frame, which halts the transmission of the sender for a specified period of time. A media access control (MAC) frame (EtherType 0x8808) is used to carry the pause command, with the Control opcode set to 0x0001 (hexadecimal). Only stations configured for full-duplex operation may send pause frames. When a station wishes to pause the other end of a link, it sends a pause frame to either the unique 48-bit destination address of this link or to the 48-bit reserved multicast address of . The use of a well-known address makes it unnecessary for a station to discover and store the address of the station at the other end of the link.
Another advantage of using this multicast address arises from the use of flow control between network switches. The particular multicast address used is selected from a range of address which have been reserved by the IEEE 802.1D standard which specifies the operation of switches used for bridging. Normally, a frame with a multicast destination sent to a switch will be forwarded out to all other ports of the switch. However, this range of multicast address is special and will not be forwarded by an 802.1D-compliant switch. Instead, frames sent to this range are understood to be frames meant to be acted upon only within the switch.
A pause frame includes the period of pause time being requested, in the form of a two-byte (16-bit), unsigned integer (0 through 65535). This number is the requested duration of the pause. The pause time is measured in units of pause quanta, where each quanta is equal to 512 bit times.
By 1999, several vendors supported receiving pause f |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FamilyPC | FamilyPC was a monthly American computer magazine published from 1994 to 2001. The collaboration between The Disney Publishing Group and Ziff-Davis was a brainchild of Jake Winebaum, with Robin Raskin serving as its first editor-in-chief. The circulation of the magazine was 400,000 copies in 1998.
The magazine itself covered a wide varieties of topics that applied to families. In software, it tended to cover education software, further going into Edutainment software, applications, and creativity tools. An Australian version, Family PC Australia, was published by APN Computing under the license of Ziff Communications and the Walt Disney Company. The magazine was started in August/September 1995 and was published on a bimonthly basis.
Ziff-Davis shut down the magazine in 2002. When FamilyPC was discontinued, Ziff-Davis switched FamilyPC subscribers to PC Magazine.
References
Defunct computer magazines published in the United States
Disney Publishing Worldwide
Home computer magazines
Magazines established in 1994
Magazines disestablished in 2002
Monthly magazines published in the United States |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarantine%20%28antivirus%20program%29 | Quarantine was an antivirus software from the early 90s that automatically isolated infected files on a computer's hard disk. Files put in quarantine were then no longer capable of infecting their hosting system.
Development and release
In December, 1988, shortly after the Morris Worm, work started on Quarantine, an anti-malware and file reliability product. Released in April, 1989, Quarantine was the first such product to use file signature instead of viral signature methods.
The original Quarantine used Hunt's B-tree database of files with both their CRC16 and CRC-CCITT signatures. Doubling the signatures rendered useless, or at least immoderately difficult, attacks based on CRC invariant modifications. Release 2, April 1990, used a CRC-32 signature and one based on CRC-32 but with a few bits in each word shuffled. The subsequent MS-AV from Microsoft, designed by Check Point, apparently relied on only an eight bit checksum—at least out of a few thousand files there were hundreds with identical signatures.
Functionality
Quarantine
allowed suspect files to be
Deleted
Moved to a quarantine area
Flagged in a report
Standard executables were scanned, or one could use up to twenty file matching patterns
Twenty exclusion patterns were available
Twenty directory paths could be included, or twenty excluded
The 1990 version also allowed
Background processing
Checking of executables and libraries as a file is opened
Timing of checks, e.g. if one opened a word file, WORD and all its libraries could be checked:
Immediately
Every half an hour
Once a day or every ten days, etc.
Quarantine allowed system managers to track all modifications of a selected files or file structures, hence Quarantine users also got early warnings of failing disks or disk interface cards.
Achievements
In 1990 Quarantine received the LAN Magazine, Best of Year, Security award. In that year "Quarantine" was reportedly responsible for finding the first stealth virus at the University of Toronto, when all pattern matching virus detectors had failed.
Legacy
The efforts and expenses to convert Quarantine to other platforms went unrewarded as Tripwire's 1991 copy of Quarantine for *nix was better funded and publicized than OnDisk could afford to match.
Later efforts include modularized reliability and intrusion approaches that include either SHA-1 or MD5 signatures, or both if you like. Quarantine stopped shipping in 1994.
References
Antivirus software |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal%20code%20%28data%20compression%29 | In data compression, a universal code for integers is a prefix code that maps the positive integers onto binary codewords, with the additional property that whatever the true probability distribution on integers, as long as the distribution is monotonic (i.e., p(i) ≥ p(i + 1) for all positive i), the expected lengths of the codewords are within a constant factor of the expected lengths that the optimal code for that probability distribution would have assigned. A universal code is asymptotically optimal if the ratio between actual and optimal expected lengths is bounded by a function of the information entropy of the code that, in addition to being bounded, approaches 1 as entropy approaches infinity.
In general, most prefix codes for integers assign longer codewords to larger integers. Such a code can be used to efficiently communicate a message drawn from a set of possible messages, by simply ordering the set of messages by decreasing probability and then sending the index of the intended message. Universal codes are generally not used for precisely known probability distributions, and no universal code is known to be optimal for any distribution used in practice.
A universal code should not be confused with universal source coding, in which the data compression method need not be a fixed prefix code and the ratio between actual and optimal expected lengths must approach one. However, note that an asymptotically optimal universal code can be used on independent identically-distributed sources, by using increasingly large blocks, as a method of universal source coding.
Universal and non-universal codes
These are some universal codes for integers; an asterisk (*) indicates a code that can be trivially restated in lexicographical order, while a double dagger (‡) indicates a code that is asymptotically optimal:
Elias gamma coding *
Elias delta coding * ‡
Elias omega coding * ‡
Exp-Golomb coding *, which has Elias gamma coding as a special case. (Used in H.264/MPEG-4 AVC)
Fibonacci coding
Levenshtein coding * ‡, the original universal coding technique
Byte coding where a special bit pattern (with at least two bits) is used to mark the end of the code — for example, if an integer is encoded as a sequence of nibbles representing digits in base 15 instead of the more natural base 16, then the highest nibble value (i.e., a sequence of four ones in binary) can be used to indicate the end of the integer.
Variable-length quantity
These are non-universal ones:
Unary coding, which is used in Elias codes
Rice coding, which is used in the FLAC audio codec and which has unary coding as a special case
Golomb coding, which has Rice coding and unary coding as special cases.
Their nonuniversality can be observed by noticing that, if any of these are used to code the Gauss–Kuzmin distribution or the Zeta distribution with parameter s=2, expected codeword length is infinite. For example, using unary coding on the Zeta distribution yields an e |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Rudy%20and%20Gogo%20World%20Famous%20Cartoon%20Show | The Rudy and GoGo World Famous Cartoon Show was a programming block of cartoons for TNT during the mid-1990s. Hosted by "Rowdy" Rudy R. Moore (a marionette puppet of a young boy, who looked a little like Howdy Doody), and his pet goat Gogo (a live action nanny goat), the show featured a variety of cartoon short subjects from Turner Entertainment's library, including pre-August 1948 Warner Bros.' Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies, MGM cartoons such as Tom and Jerry and Droopy, and Fleischer/Famous' Popeye the Sailor. Between cartoons, Rudy, Gogo, and an African American puppet named Jesse B. Weaver (or "Jumpin' J.B." to his friends) would star in short host segments, usually involving floating around in a bizarre colorful spiral and randomly screaming. The show used clips from various Turner-owned films and television series from the 1960s and 1970s for added backdrops and storylines.
Characters and celebrity guest appearances
The show had a quite few minor characters, such as the skeleton puppet Boney Bonerton, voiced by show co-producer Jack Pendarvis. Boney Bonerton would host mini talk shows or game shows, and there would be commercial parodies advertising Boney Bonerton merchandise (i.e. The Boney Bonerton video game or the "Boney Bonerton Just Sings" CD). Also members of the band The Mekons were regulars on the show, Sally Timms played the character Cowboy Sally (from "Wild West Yorkshire"), and Jon Langford played the Olde Salty Sea Biscuit, a pirate who would be shown floating on a canoe in a giant bathroom sink. Other celebrity guest appearances included Jeff Goldblum, Will Smith, and Ed Lover and Doctor Dré from Yo! MTV Raps.
Variations and film specials
Some episodes ran under various titles (such as "Rudy and Gogo 2000", "Rudy y Gogo", and "Taterhole") and TNT also used Rudy and Gogo as hosts for various cult classic film marathon specials, such as "Rudy and Gogo's Thanksgiving Leftover Special" and "Rudy and Gogo's Funtime Movie Parade". The "Rudy and Gogo's New Year's Eve Flaming Cheese Ball" special for New Year's Eve 1995 showed the films The Blob, Queen of Outer Space, House on Haunted Hill, and Thunderbirds Are Go and featured Gogo's surprise announcement for the 1996 US presidential election, as well the anticlimactic dropping of the giant cheese ball at midnight. The "Gogo Para Presidente" campaign jingle became a popular segment of the show.
End of the series and fan followings
In 1996, the Minneapolis rock trio John Updyke's Lick Pussy (later renamed J.U.L.P) recorded a version of "Gogo Para Presidente" for a 7" vinyl b-side for the Earmark Records label. In 1997 they debuted a music video, directed by Mike "Suade" Newell, at First Avenue Nightclub. This low budget, sepia-toned short featured the band putting up "snipe" posters that read "Vote Goat" on walls and phone poles. It was later included on Newell's DVD entitled "Michael C. Newell - History: 1991-2004".
The program was also a favorite in college dorms and had a pa |
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