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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reye%20configuration | In geometry, the Reye configuration, introduced by , is a configuration of 12 points and 16 lines.
Each point of the configuration belongs to four lines, and each line contains three points. Therefore, in the notation of configurations, the Reye configuration is written as .
Realization
The Reye configuration can be realized in three-dimensional projective space by taking the lines to be the 12 edges and four long diagonals of a cube, and the points as the eight vertices of the cube, its center, and the three points where groups of four parallel cube edges meet the plane at infinity. Two regular tetrahedra may be inscribed within a cube, forming a stella octangula; these two tetrahedra are perspective figures to each other in four different ways, and the other four points of the configuration are their centers of perspectivity. These two tetrahedra together with the tetrahedron of the remaining 4 points form a desmic system of three tetrahedra.
Any two disjoint spheres in three dimensional space, with different radii, have two bitangent double cones, the apexes of which are called the centers of similitude. If three spheres are given, with their centers non-collinear, then their six centers of similitude form the six points of a complete quadrilateral, the four lines of which are called the axes of similitude. And if four spheres are given, with their centers non-coplanar, then they determine 12 centers of similitude and 16 axes of similitude, which together form an instance of the Reye configuration .
The Reye configuration can also be realized by points and lines in the Euclidean plane, by drawing the three-dimensional configuration in three-point perspective. An 83122 configuration of eight points in the real projective plane and 12 lines connecting them, with the connection pattern of a cube, can be extended to form the Reye configuration if and only if the eight points are a perspective projection of a parallelepiped
The 24 permutations of the points
form the vertices of a 24-cell centered at the origin of four-dimensional Euclidean space.
These 24 points also form the 24 roots in the root system .
They can be grouped into pairs of points opposite each other on a line through the origin. The lines and planes through the origin of four-dimensional Euclidean space have the geometry of the points and lines of three-dimensional projective space, and in this three-dimensional projective space the lines through opposite pairs of these 24 points and the central planes through these points become the points and lines of the Reye configuration . The permutations of form the homogeneous coordinates of the 12 points in this configuration.
Application
pointed out that the Reye configuration underlies some of the proofs of the Bell–Kochen–Specker theorem about the non-existence of hidden variables in quantum mechanics.
Related configurations
The Pappus configuration may be formed from two triangles that are perspective figures to each other i |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schl%C3%A4fli%20double%20six | In geometry, the Schläfli double six is a configuration of 30 points and 12 lines in three-dimensional Euclidean space, introduced by Ludwig Schläfli in 1858. The lines of the configuration can be partitioned into two subsets of six lines: each line is disjoint from (skew with) the lines in its own subset of six lines, and intersects all but one of the lines in the other subset of six lines. Each of the 12 lines of the configuration contains five intersection points, and each of these 30 intersection points belongs to exactly two lines, one from each subset, so in the notation of configurations the Schläfli double six is written 302125.
Construction
As Schläfli showed, the double six may be constructed from any five lines a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, that are all intersected by a common line b6, but are otherwise in general position (in particular, each two lines ai and aj should be skew, and no four of the lines ai should lie on a common ruled surface). For each of the five lines ai, the complementary set of four out of the five lines has two quadrisecants: b6 and a second line bi. The five lines b1, b2, b3, b4, and b5 formed in this way are all in turn intersected by another line, a6. The twelve lines ai and bi form a double six: each line ai has an intersection point with five of the other lines, the lines bj for which i ≠ j, and vice versa.
An alternative construction, shown in the illustration, is to place twelve lines through the six face centers of a cube, each in the plane of its face and all making the same angles with respect to the cube's edges. Once constructed in either of these ways, the double six can be projected into the plane, forming a two-dimensional system of points and lines with the same incidence pattern.
Related objects
A generic cubic surface contains 27 lines, among which can be found 36 Schläfli double six configurations. It may be necessary to use complex number coordinates to represent all of these lines; cubic surfaces can have fewer than 27 lines over the real numbers. In any such set of 27 lines, the 15 lines complementary to a double six, together with the 15 tangent planes through triples of these lines, has the incidence pattern of another configuration, the Cremona–Richmond configuration.
The intersection graph of the twelve lines of the double six configuration is a twelve-vertex crown graph, a bipartite graph in which each vertex is adjacent to five out of the six vertices of the opposite color. The Levi graph of the double six may be obtained by replacing each edge of the crown graph by a two-edge path. The intersection graph of the entire set of 27 lines on a cubic surface is the complement of the Schläfli graph.
Notes
References
External links
Configurations (geometry) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cremona%E2%80%93Richmond%20configuration | In mathematics, the Cremona–Richmond configuration is a configuration of 15 lines and 15 points, having 3 points on each line and 3 lines through each point, and containing no triangles. It was studied by and . It is a generalized quadrangle with parameters (2,2). Its Levi graph is the Tutte–Coxeter graph.
Symmetry
The points of the Cremona–Richmond configuration may be identified with the unordered pairs of elements of a six-element set; these pairs are called duads. Similarly, the lines of the configuration may be identified with the 15 ways of partitioning the same six elements into three pairs; these partitions are called synthemes. Identified in this way, a point of the configuration is incident to a line of the configuration if and only if the duad corresponding to the point is one of the three pairs in the syntheme corresponding to the line.
The symmetric group of all permutations of the six elements underlying this system of duads and synthemes acts as a symmetry group of the Cremona–Richmond configuration, and gives the automorphism group of the configuration. Every flag of the configuration (an incident point-line pair) can be taken to every other flag by a symmetry in this group.
The Cremona–Richmond configuration is self-dual: it is possible to exchange points for lines while preserving all the incidences of the configuration. This duality gives the Tutte–Coxeter graph additional symmetries beyond those of the Cremona–Richmond configuration, which swap the two sides of its bipartition. These symmetries correspond to the outer automorphisms of the symmetric group on six elements.
Realization
Any six points in general position in four-dimensional space determine 15 points where a line through two of the points intersects the hyperplane through the other four points; thus, the duads of the six points correspond one-for-one with these 15 derived points.
Any three duads that together form a syntheme determine a line, the intersection line of the three hyperplanes containing two of the three duads in the syntheme, and this line contains each of the points derived from its three duads. Thus, the duads and synthemes of the abstract configuration correspond one-for-one, in an incidence-preserving way, with these 15 points and 15 lines derived from the original six points, which form a realization of the configuration. The same realization may be projected into Euclidean space or the Euclidean plane.
The Cremona–Richmond configuration also has a one-parameter family of realizations in the plane with order-five cyclic symmetry.
History
found cubic surfaces containing sets of 15 real lines (complementary to a Schläfli double six in the set of all 27 lines on a cubic) and 15 tangent planes, with three lines in each plane and three planes through each line. Intersecting these lines and planes by another plane results in a 153153 configuration. The specific incidence pattern of Schläfli's lines and planes was later published by . The observ |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20Minshall%20Jessop | Charles Minshall Jessop (1861 – March 9, 1939) was a mathematician at the University of Durham working in algebraic geometry.
Selected publications
References
External links
English mathematicians
1861 births
1939 deaths |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nets%20Katz | Nets Hawk Katz is the W.L. Moody Professor of Mathematics at Rice University. He was a professor of Mathematics at Indiana University Bloomington until March 2013 and the IBM Professor of Mathematics at the California Institute of Technology until 2023.
Katz earned a B.A. in mathematics from Rice University in 1990 at the age of 17. He received his Ph.D. in 1993 under Dennis DeTurck at the University of Pennsylvania, with a dissertation titled "Noncommutative Determinants and Applications".
He is the author of several important results in combinatorics (especially additive combinatorics), harmonic analysis and other areas. In 2003, jointly with Jean Bourgain and Terence Tao, he proved that any subset of grows substantially under either addition or multiplication. More precisely, if is a set such that , then has size at most or at least where is a constant that depends on . This result was followed by the subsequent work of Bourgain, Sergei Konyagin and Glibichuk, establishing that every approximate field is almost a field.
Somewhat earlier he was involved in establishing new bounds in connection with the dimension of Kakeya sets. Jointly with Izabella Łaba and Terence Tao he proved that the upper Minkowski dimension of Kakeya sets in 3 dimensions is strictly greater than 5/2, and jointly with Terence Tao he established new bounds in large dimensions.
In 2010, Katz along with Larry Guth published the results of their collaborative effort to solve the Erdős distinct distances problem, in which they found a "near-optimal" result, proving that a set of points in the plane has at least distinct distances.
In early 2011, in joint work with Michael Bateman, he improved the best known bounds in the cap set problem: if is a subset of of cardinality at least , where , then contains three elements in a line.
In 2012, he was named a Guggenheim fellow. During 2011-2012, he was the managing editor of the Indiana University Mathematics Journal. In 2014, he was an invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians at Seoul and gave a talk The flecnode polynomial: a central object in incidence geometry. In 2015, he received the Clay Research Award.
Work
References
External links
Nets Katz's personal web page, including info on research, teaching, etc.
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Rice University alumni
Indiana University faculty
University of Pennsylvania alumni
California Institute of Technology faculty |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carsten%20Niemitz | Carsten Niemitz (born 29 September 1945 in Dessau) is a German anatomist, ethologist, and human evolutionary biologist.
Life and work
Niemitz studied biology, mathematics, medicine and art history at the Universities of Giessen, Freiburg, Göttingen and at the Free University of Berlin. He graduated in Biology in 1970. From 1968 to 1971 he was employed at the Max Planck Institute for Brain Research in Frankfurt. He spent the years 1971 to 1973 in the jungle of Sarawak on Borneo. After returning to Germany he was awarded his doctorate in biology in 1974. In 1975 he qualified to teach anatomy and until 1978 was lecturer at the Anatomical Institute of the University of Göttingen. At the age of 32 he was appointed Professor of Human Biology at the Free University of Berlin, a post he held as head of the Institute until 2010. In 1987 he was consultant to the IUCN as a member of the Species Survival Commission. In 1993 he was appointed as professor of zoology at the University of Essen and was a visiting professor of Systematic Zoology and Evolutionary Biology at the University of Potsdam. During a research trip in 1991 to Sulawesi, he discovered the primate Tarsius dianae. In 1996 he introduced in the Anthropological Society a proposal to ban the use of the term "race", which was later adopted officially by the society.
In addition to his field research on primates and the study of biomechanics, one of his research interests was the origin of language and writing, with investigation into communication amongst anthropoid apes. He was one of those who regarded facial expressions and gestures as a precursor of human writing skills. In brief, his thesis was that the abilities to read and write are biologically older than those of language, because such visual communication was later supplemented by vocal and acoustic signals.
In the late eighties and the nineties he was one of those who raised the alarm about the depletion of tropical rain forests. From 2000 Niemitz developed an "amphibious" theory of the evolution of upright human posture and walking erect, according to which "there was a period in our evolution when it was wading and shore use which in a sustained and substantial way helped to shape today's people". Niemitz rejects the more extensive aquatic ape hypothesis, which accepts a real aquatic (water living) phase in human evolution. His publication list includes over 350 titles and many books. He also became active as a translator and as a writer of textbooks and for radio, film and television.
Memberships
From 1992 Niemitz was deputy chairman, from 1994 to 1998 chairman of the Anthropological Society and from 2008 to 2010 chairman of the Berlin Society for Anthropology, Ethnology and Prehistory (BGAEU). From 1992 to 2014, he was deputy chairman of the Urania cultural community in Berlin, a center for the exchange between science and the public. Together with Nils Seethaler and Benjamin P. Lange he organized the 11th MVE annual conference |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viability%20theory | Viability theory is an area of mathematics that studies the evolution of dynamical systems under constraints on the system state. It was developed to formalize problems arising in the study of various natural and social phenomena, and has close ties to the theories of optimal control and set-valued analysis.
Motivation
Many systems, organizations, and networks arising in biology and the social sciences do not evolve in a deterministic way, nor even in a stochastic way. Rather they evolve with a Darwinian flavor, driven by random fluctuations but yet constrained to remain "viable" by their environment. Viability theory started in 1976 by translating mathematically the title of the book Chance and Necessity by Jacques Monod to the differential inclusion for chance and
for necessity. The differential inclusion is a type of “evolutionary engine” (called an evolutionary system associating with any initial state x a subset of evolutions starting at x. The system is said to be deterministic if this set is made of one and only one evolution and contingent otherwise.
Necessity is the requirement that at each instant, the evolution is viable (remains) in the environment K described by viability constraints, a word encompassing polysemous concepts as stability, confinement, homeostasis, adaptation, etc., expressing the idea that some variables must obey some constraints (representing physical, social, biological and economic constraints, etc.) that can never be violated. So, viability theory starts as the confrontation of evolutionary systems governing evolutions and viability constraints that such evolutions must obey. They share common features:
Systems designed by human brains, in the sense that agents, actors, decision-makers act on the evolutionary system, as in engineering (control theory and differential games)
Systems observed by human brains, more difficult to understand since there is no consensus on the actors piloting the variable, who, at least, may be myopic, lazy but explorers, conservative but opportunist. This is the case of economics, less in finance, where the viability constraints are the scarcity constraints among many other ones, in connectionist networks and/or cooperative games, in population and social dynamics, in neurosciences and some biological issues.
Viability theory thus designs and develops mathematical and algorithmic methods for investigating the "adaptation to viability constraints" of evolutions governed by complex systems under uncertainty that are found in many domains involving living beings, from biological evolution to economics, from environmental sciences to financial markets, from control theory and robotics to cognitive sciences. It needed to forge a differential calculus of set-valued maps (set-valued analysis), differential inclusions and differential calculus in metric spaces (mutational analysis).
Viability kernel
The basic problem of viability theory is to find the "viability kernel" of a |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylvester%E2%80%93Gallai%20configuration | In geometry, a Sylvester–Gallai configuration consists of a finite subset of the points of a projective space with the property that the line through any two of the points in the subset also passes through at least one other point of the subset.
Instead of defining Sylvester–Gallai configurations as subsets of the points of a projective space, they may be defined as abstract incidence structures of points and lines, satisfying the properties that, for every pair of points, the structure includes exactly one line containing the pair and that every line contains at least three points. In this more general form they are also called Sylvester–Gallai designs. A closely related concept is a Sylvester matroid, a matroid with the same property as a Sylvester–Gallai configuration of having no two-point lines.
Real and complex embeddability
In the Euclidean plane, the real projective plane, higher-dimensional Euclidean spaces or real projective spaces, or spaces with coordinates in an ordered field, the Sylvester–Gallai theorem shows that the only possible Sylvester–Gallai configurations are one-dimensional: they consist of three or more collinear points.
was inspired by this fact and by the example of the Hesse configuration to ask whether, in spaces with complex-number coordinates, every Sylvester–Gallai configuration is at most two-dimensional. repeated the question. answered Serre's question affirmatively; simplified Kelly's proof, and proved analogously that in spaces with quaternion coordinates, all Sylvester–Gallai configurations must lie within a three-dimensional subspace.
Projective configurations
studied the projective configurations that are also Sylvester–Gallai configurations; a projective configuration has the additional requirement that every two points have equal numbers of lines through them and every two lines contain equal numbers of points.
The Sylvester–Gallai configurations include, for instance, the affine and projective spaces of any dimension defined over finite fields, and these are all also projective configurations.
Every projective configuration can be given a notation (pa ℓb), where p is the number of points, ℓ the number of lines, a the number of lines per point, and b the number of points per line, satisfying the equation pa = ℓb. Motzkin observed that, for these parameters to define a Sylvester–Gallai design, it is necessary that b > 2,
that p < ℓ (for any set of non-collinear points in a projective space determines at least as many lines as points) and that they also obey the additional equation
For, the left hand side of the equation is the number of pairs of points, and the right hand side is the number of pairs that are covered by lines of the configuration.
Sylvester–Gallai designs that are also projective configurations are the same thing as Steiner systems with parameters ST(2,b,p).
Motzkin listed several examples of small configurations of this type:
7373, the parameters of the Fano plane, the projectiv |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coons%20patch | In mathematics, a Coons patch, is a type of surface patch or manifold parametrization used in computer graphics to smoothly join other surfaces together, and in computational mechanics applications, particularly in finite element method and boundary element method, to mesh problem domains into elements.
Coons patches are named after Steven Anson Coons, and date to 1967.
Bilinear blending
Given four space curves c0(s), c1(s), d0(t), d1(t) which meet at four corners c0(0) = d0(0), c0(1) = d1(0), c1(0) = d0(1), c1(1) = d1(1); linear interpolation can be used to interpolate between c0 and c1, that is
and between d0, d1
producing two ruled surfaces defined on the unit square.
The bilinear interpolation on the four corner points is another surface
A bilinearly blended Coons patch is the surface
Bicubic blending
Although the bilinear Coons patch exactly meets its four boundary curves, it does not necessarily have the same tangent plane at those curves as the surfaces to be joined, leading to creases in the joined surface along those curves. To fix this problem, the linear interpolation can be replaced with cubic Hermite splines with the weights chosen to match the partial derivatives at the corners. This forms a bicubically blended Coons patch.
See also
Surface
Atlas (topology)
Interpolation
References
Multivariate interpolation
Splines (mathematics) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred%20Barnard%20Basset | Alfred Barnard Basset FRS (25 July 1854 – 5 December 1930) was a British mathematician working on algebraic geometry, electrodynamics and hydrodynamics. In fluid dynamics, the Basset force—also known as the Boussinesq–Basset force—describes history effects on the force experienced by a body in unsteady motion (relative to a viscous fluid). He also worked on Bessel functions: the term Basset function was at one time used for modified Bessel functions of the second kind but is now obsolete.
Biography
Basset graduated B.A. from Trinity college, Cambridge in 1877 as 13th wrangler and finished his M.A. in 1881. He started his career in law, but soon abandoned it to continue his mathematical research. He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1889.
Books
References
English mathematicians
1854 births
1930 deaths
Algebraic geometers
Fellows of the Royal Society
Mathematicians from London
Fluid dynamicists |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary%20of%20classical%20algebraic%20geometry | The terminology of algebraic geometry changed drastically during the twentieth century, with the introduction of the general methods, initiated by David Hilbert and the Italian school of algebraic geometry in the beginning of the century, and later formalized by André Weil, Jean-Pierre Serre and Alexander Grothendieck. Much of the classical terminology, mainly based on case study, was simply abandoned, with the result that books and papers written before this time can be hard to read. This article lists some of this classical terminology, and describes some of the changes in conventions.
translates many of the classical terms in algebraic geometry into scheme-theoretic terminology. Other books defining some of the classical terminology include , , , , , .
Conventions
The change in terminology from around 1948 to 1960 is not the only difficulty in understanding classical algebraic geometry. There was also a lot of background knowledge and assumptions, much of which has now changed. This section lists some of these changes.
In classical algebraic geometry, adjectives were often used as nouns: for example, "quartic" could also be short for "quartic curve" or "quartic surface".
In classical algebraic geometry, all curves, surfaces, varieties, and so on came with fixed embeddings into projective space, whereas in scheme theory they are more often considered as abstract varieties. For example, a Veronese surface was not just a copy of the projective plane, but a copy of the projective plane together with an embedding into projective 5-space.
Varieties were often considered only up to birational isomorphism, whereas in scheme theory they are usually considered up to biregular isomorphism.
Until circa 1950, many of the proofs in classical algebraic geometry were incomplete (or occasionally just wrong). In particular authors often did not bother to check degenerate cases.
Words (such as azygetic or bifid) were sometimes formed from Latin or Greek roots without further explanation, assuming that readers would use their classical education to figure out the meaning.
Definitions in classical algebraic geometry were often somewhat vague, and it is futile to try to find the precise meaning of some of the older terms because many of them never had a precise meaning. In practice this did not matter much when the terms were only used to describe particular examples, as in these cases their meaning was usually clear: for example, it was obvious what the 16 tropes of a Kummer surface were, even if "trope" was not precisely defined in general.
Algebraic geometry was often implicitly done over the complex numbers (or sometimes the real numbers).
Readers were often assumed to know classical (or synthetic) projective geometry, and in particular to have a thorough knowledge of conics, and authors would use terminology from this area without further explanation.
Several terms, such as "Abelian group", "complete", "complex", "flat", "harmonic", "homology" |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyparissos%20Stephanos | Cyparissos Stephanos (; May 11, 1857 - December 27, 1917) He was an author, mathematician, and professor. He was a pioneer in 20th century projective geometry. He studied with Vassilios Lakon. Lakon and Stephanos were from the island of Kea. Stephanos furthered his studies in France following the same path of Timoleon Argyropoulos, Dimitrios Stroumpos, and Vassilios Lakon. In France, Stephanos studied with Jean Gaston Darboux, Camille Jordan, and Charles Hermite. Jean Gaston Darboux was his doctoral advisor. He wrote articles in the fields of mathematical analysis, higher algebra, theoretical mechanics, and topology. He published around twenty-five original works in European journals. He is known for introducing Desmic system.
He received his Ph.D. in 1878 from the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. In 1879 he became a member of l'Société mathématique de France. In the early 1880s he studied mathematics in Paris and published many papers in various journals. He returned to Greece and in 1884 was appointed honorary professor and in 1890 regular professor at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. He was also a professor at the National Technical University of Athens and the Hellenic Naval Academy. He was an invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians in 1897 at Zurich, in 1900 at Paris, in 1904 at Heidelberg, in 1908 at Rome, and in 1912 at Cambridge (England).
History
He was born on the island of Kea, his father was a school teacher. His brother was Clon Stefanos. Clon is considered the founder of anthropology in Greece. Cyparissos went to school in Syros. Afterward, he studied at the University of Athens. He was awarded a PhD in Mathematics in 1878. Dimitrios Stroumpos, Ioannis Papadakis and Vassilios Lakon were professors at the institution all three studied in France. Stefanos also traveled to Paris and studied at the Sorbonne. His doctoral advisor was Jean Gaston Darboux. He also studied with world-renowned mathematicians Camille Jordan, and Charles Hermite. He obtained a doctorate from the Sorbonne in 1880. His dissertation was On the Theory of Binary Forms and Elimination (Sur la Theorie des Formes Binaires et sur l'Elimination).
While Stephanos was in Paris he met Hermann Schwarz. The two discussed Karl Weierstrass's hypercomplex numbers theorem. In 1883, Stephanos proved that the theorem fails when three-dimensional hypercomplex numbers are applied. Stephanos returned to Athens in 1884. He became professor at the University of Athens. He also taught at the elite National Technical University of Athens and Evelpidon. He was the rector of the University of Athens 1908-1909.
He represented Greece in countless international mathematical congresses. He was a member of various mathematical societies. He was the founder of the agricultural society. He was the founder and director of the first school of commerce in Athens. He co-founded the Athens Forestry Preservatio |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health%20in%20Uruguay | In 2016, the life expectancy in Uruguay was 73 for men and 81 for women.
Health statistics
2011 figures:
Fertility rate – 140th most fertile, at 1.89 per woman
Birth rate – 157th most births, at 13.91 per 1000 people
Infant mortality – 128th most deaths, 8.73 per 1000 live births in 2017. In 1975 it was 48.6 per 1,000 live births
Death rate – 84th death rate at 9.16 per 1000 people
Life expectancy – 47th at 76.4 years
Suicide rate – 24th suicide rate per 100,000 (15.1 for males and 6.4 for females)
HIV/AIDS rate – 108th at 0.30%
Healthcare
For the first half of the twentieth century Uruguay and Argentina had the most advanced standards of medical care in Latin America. Military rule from 1973 to 1985 adversely affected standards in Uruguay. More resources went to military hospitals, which were open only to relatives of the members of the armed forces. Total health care spending in 1984 was 8.1% of GDP, and this included about 7.5% of household spending but 400,000 people had neither state nor private health care coverage. In 1987 there were seven major public hospitals in Montevideo. About half the interior departments had a hospital; the others had a centro auxiliar. Altogether there were about 9,505 hospital beds in the public a monthly membership fee and a small co-payment payable to see a doctor or have a test. There may be age and pre-existing condition guidelines for accepting or not accepting non-employed members. 58.9% of the inhabitants of Montevideo were covered by mutualistas in 1971 and 11.8% had the official health card from the Ministry of Public Health which entitled them to free health care. 16.6% had no coverage of any kind.
The current Uruguayan healthcare system is the State Health Services Administration (ASSE) created in 1987. The National Healthcare Fund (FONASA) is the financial entity responsible for collecting, managing and distributing the money that the state has destined for health in the country. It was created in 2007 to entitle all employees and pensioners to health care outside of the public health system. Latest government figures state that there are 2.5 million people registered with Fonasa – out of a total population of just over 3 million. This would mean that 500,000 Uruguayans are left choosing between the public system or having to pay the full amount for private health care.
References
External links
World Health Organization: Uruguay
Public Health Ministry |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010%20Malaysian%20census | The Population and Housing Census of Malaysia, 2010, was conducted by Department of Statistics from 6 July to 22 August 2010. It was carried out in three phases; the first phase from 6 to 21 July, the second phase from 22 July to 6 August, and the third phase from 6 to 22 August. To ensure a complete coverage, mapping-out activities were undertaken at the end of each phase. All persons living in private living quarters, collective living quarters such as college or university hostels, charitable or social welfare institutions, prisons, and shelters for homeless persons; were enumerated based on their usual place of residence in Malaysia on the Census Day that is 6 July 2010.
See also
Census in Malaysia
External links
Population and Housing Census of Malaysia, 2010
2010
Census
2010 census
Malaysia |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department%20of%20Statistics | Department of Statistics might refer to numerous governmental agencies charged with compiling and publishing statistical information, including:
Department of Statistics of the Ministry of Trade and Industry (Singapore)
Statistics department (Anguilla)
Department of Statistics (Bermuda)
Department of Statistics (Lithuania)
Census and Statistics Department (Hong Kong)
National Administrative Department of Statistics (Colombia)
Statistics New Zealand
See also
List of national and international statistical services
:Category:National statistical services |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chia%20%28surname%29 | Chia is a surname. It is a Latin-alphabet spelling of various Chinese surnames, as well as an Italian surname.
Statistics
Chia was the 20th-most common Chinese surname in Singapore as of 1997 (ranked by English spelling, rather than by Chinese characters). Roughly 22,600 people, or 0.9% of the Chinese Singaporean population at the time, bore the surname Chia. Among respondents to the 2000 United States Census, Chia was the 856th-most common surname among Asian Pacific Americans, and 17,530th-most common overall, with 1,481 bearers (72.78% of whom identified as Asian/Pacific Islander). In Italy, 72 families bore the surname Chia, with more than half located in Sardinia.
Origins
Chia may be a spelling of a number of Chinese surnames, based on different varieties of Chinese, listed below by their romanisation in Mandarin pinyin:
Jia (various characters and tones), all spelled Chia in the Wade–Giles romanisation of Mandarin used before the development of pinyin, and still widespread in Taiwan.
Jiā (; IPA: /t͡ɕia⁵⁵/)
Jiá (; IPA: /t͡ɕia³⁵/), which originated as a toponymic surname.
Jiǎ (; IPA: /t͡ɕia²¹⁴/), which also originated as a toponymic surname referring to the , one of the ancient Chinese states, a feudal territory granted to a son of Shu Yu of Tang, located in modern-day Linfen, Shanxi.
Jiǎ (; IPA: /t͡ɕia²¹⁴/), which originated as a shortening of an ancient toponymic surname Jiǎfù ().
Xiè (), spelled Chia based on its pronunciation in various Southern Min dialects, including:
Hokkien (Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chiā; IPA: /t͡ɕia³³/)
Teochew (Peng'im: Zia7; IPA: /t͡sia¹¹/)
Chē (), spelled Chia based on its pronunciation in various Southern Min dialects, including:
Hokkien (POJ: Chhia, IPA: /t͡ɕʰia⁴⁴/)
Teochew (Peng'im: Cia1; IPA: /t͡sʰia³³/)
It is also an Italian toponymic surname referring to Chia, Province of South Sardinia. That toponym may have originated from a Phoenician word for "valley".
Chinese surname 谢
Chia Boon Leong (; 1925–2022), Singaporean footballer
Eric Chia (; 1930s–2008), Malaysian businessman
Nicholas Chia (; born 1938), third Roman Catholic Archbishop of Singapore
Chia Thye Poh (; born 1941), Singaporean political activist imprisoned for 23 years without charge or trial
Mantak Chia (; born 1944), Thai Taoist master
Yvonne Chia (; born ), Malaysian banker
Chia Yong Yong (; born 1962), Singaporean lawyer and politician
Steve Chia (; born 1970), Singaporean politician
Danny Chia (; born 1972), Malaysian golfer
Michelle Chia (; born 1975), Singaporean actress
Elvin Chia (; born 1977), Malaysian swimmer
Amber Chia (; born 1981), Malaysian model and actress
Wen Shin Chia (; born ), Malaysian environmentalist
Kimberly Chia (; born 1995), Singaporean actress
Aaron Chia (; born 1997), Malaysian badminton player
Nelson Chia (), Singaporean television actor and director
Chinese surname 賈
Chia Ching-teh (; 1880–1960), Republic of China politician
Chia Lien-chen (; 1912–?), Chinese middle-distance runner
Pei-yuan Chia (; born 1939), Hon |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix%20t-distribution | In statistics, the matrix t-distribution (or matrix variate t-distribution) is the generalization of the multivariate t-distribution from vectors to matrices. The matrix t-distribution shares the same relationship with the multivariate t-distribution that the matrix normal distribution shares with the multivariate normal distribution. For example, the matrix t-distribution is the compound distribution that results from sampling from a matrix normal distribution having sampled the covariance matrix of the matrix normal from an inverse Wishart distribution.
In a Bayesian analysis of a multivariate linear regression model based on the matrix normal distribution, the matrix t-distribution is the posterior predictive distribution.
Definition
For a matrix t-distribution, the probability density function at the point of an space is
where the constant of integration K is given by
Here is the multivariate gamma function.
The characteristic function and various other properties can be derived from the generalized matrix t-distribution (see below).
Generalized matrix t-distribution
The generalized matrix t-distribution is a generalization of the matrix t-distribution with two parameters α and β in place of ν.
This reduces to the standard matrix t-distribution with
The generalized matrix t-distribution is the compound distribution that results from an infinite mixture of a matrix normal distribution with an inverse multivariate gamma distribution placed over either of its covariance matrices.
Properties
If then
The property above comes from Sylvester's determinant theorem:
If and and are nonsingular matrices then
The characteristic function is
where
and where is the type-two Bessel function of Herz of a matrix argument.
See also
Multivariate t-distribution
Matrix normal distribution
Notes
External links
A C++ library for random matrix generator
Random matrices
Multivariate continuous distributions |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom%20Pettersson | Tom Peder Pettersson (born 25 March 1990) is a Swedish footballer who plays as a defender for Allsvenskan club Mjällby.
Career statistics
Honours
Club
FC Trollhättan
Division 1 Södra: 2008
IFK Göteborg
Svenska Cupen: 2014–15
References
External links
1990 births
FC Trollhättan players
Åtvidabergs FF players
Allsvenskan players
Superettan players
Ettan Fotboll players
Oud-Heverlee Leuven players
IFK Göteborg players
Östersunds FK players
FC Cincinnati players
Lillestrøm SK players
Mjällby AIF players
Belgian Pro League players
Swedish expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Belgium
Swedish expatriate sportspeople in Belgium
Expatriate men's footballers in Norway
Swedish expatriate sportspeople in Norway
Swedish men's footballers
Living people
Sweden men's under-21 international footballers
Sweden men's youth international footballers
Men's association football defenders
Men's association football midfielders
Major League Soccer players
Eliteserien players
People from Trollhättan
Footballers from Västra Götaland County |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatou%20conjecture | In mathematics, the Fatou conjecture, named after Pierre Fatou, states that a quadratic family of maps from the complex plane to itself is hyperbolic for an open dense set of parameters.
References
Dynamical systems
Conjectures |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005%E2%80%9306%201.%20FC%20N%C3%BCrnberg%20season | The 2005–06 1. FC Nürnberg season was the 106th season in the club's football history.
Match results
Legend
Bundesliga
DFB-Pokal
Player information
Roster and statistics
Transfers
In
Out
Sources
1. FC Nürnberg seasons
Nuremberg |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steinerian | In algebraic geometry, a Steinerian of a hypersurface, introduced by , is the locus of the singular points of its polar quadrics.
References
Algebraic geometry |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayleyan | In algebraic geometry, the Cayleyan is a variety associated to a hypersurface by , who named it the pippian in and also called it the Steiner–Hessian.
See also
Quippian
References
Algebraic geometry |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quippian | In mathematics, a quippian is a degree 5 class 3 contravariant of a plane cubic introduced by and discussed by . In the same paper Cayley also introduced another similar invariant that he called the pippian, now called the Cayleyan.
See also
Glossary of classical algebraic geometry
References
Algebraic geometry
Invariant theory |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20things%20named%20after%20Arthur%20Cayley | Arthur Cayley (1821 – 1895) is the eponym of all the things listed below.
Cayley absolute
Cayley algebra
Cayley computer algebra system
Cayley diagrams – used for finding cognate linkages in mechanical engineering
Cayley graph
Cayley numbers
Cayley plane
Cayley table
Cayley transform
Cayleyan
Cayley–Bacharach theorem
Cayley–Dickson construction
Cayley–Hamilton theorem in linear algebra
Cayley–Klein metric
Cayley–Klein model of hyperbolic geometry
Cayley–Menger determinant
Cayley–Purser algorithm
Cayley's formula
Cayley's hyperdeterminant
Cayley's mousetrap — a card game
Cayley's nodal cubic surface
Cayley normal 2-complement theorem
Cayley's ruled cubic surface
Cayley's sextic
Cayley's theorem
Cayley's Ω process
Chasles–Cayley–Brill formula
Grassmann–Cayley algebra
The crater Cayley on the Moon
Cayley, Arthur |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Messing | William Messing is an American mathematician who works in the field of arithmetic algebraic geometry.
Messing received his doctorate in 1971 at Princeton University under the supervisions of Alexander Grothendieck (and Nicholas Katz) with his thesis entitled The Crystals Associated to Barsotti–Tate Groups: With Applications to Abelian Schemes. In 1972, he was a C.L.E. Moore instructor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is currently a professor at the University of Minnesota (Minneapolis).
In his thesis, Messing elaborated on Grothendieck's 1970 lecture at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Nice on p-divisible groups (Barsotti–Tate groups) that are important in algebraic geometry in prime characteristic, which were introduced in the 1950s by Dieudonné in his study of Lie algebras over fields of finite characteristic. Messing worked together with Pierre Berthelot, Barry Mazur and Aise Johan de Jong.
Writings
Pierre Berthelot, Messing, Theorie de Dieudonné cristalline I, Journées de Geometrie Algebrique de Rennes, 1978, volume 1, pp. 17–37, Asterisque, volume 63, 1979
Pierre Berthelot, Lawrence Breen, Messing, Theorie de Dieudonné cristalline II, Springer Lecture Notes in Mathematics, Volume 930, 1982
With Berthelot, Theorie de Dieudonné cristalline III, in Paul Cartier and others, Grothendieck Festschrift, Volume 1, 1990, Springer, p. 173
Barry Mazur, Messing, Universal extensions and one dimensional cristalline cohomology, Springer Lecture Notes in Mathematics, Volume 370, 1974
Messing, The crystals associated to Barsotti–Tate groups: with applications to abelian schemes, Springer Lecture Notes in Mathematics, Volume 264, 1972
References
The original article was a Google-aided translation of the corresponding article in German Wikipedia.
External links
Homepage
Algebraic geometers
20th-century American mathematicians
21st-century American mathematicians
Living people
University of Minnesota faculty
Year of birth missing (living people)
Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science faculty |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoological%20Museum%20Amsterdam | The Zoological Museum Amsterdam (ZMA) was a natural history museum located close to Oosterpark in Amsterdam, Netherlands. It was part of the Faculty of Science, Mathematics and Computer Science (Science) of the University of Amsterdam.
It was one of the two major natural history museums in the Netherlands. The total collection included approximately 13 million objects and was used mainly for scientific purposes. In addition to the museum function of the management and conservation of collections and exhibition, it was also a major scientific and (university) education function. At the Aquarium Building Artis Department organized exhibitions around the theme of human nature. The museum was divided into three sections - Vertebrates, Invertebrates and Entomology - and two departments, Exhibitions and Biodiversity Informatics.
In 2011, the collection of the Zoological Museum was merged into that of Naturalis and the National Herbarium of the Netherlands in NCB Naturalis (Dutch Centre for Biodiversity), launched on 26 January 2010. To highlight the move, the Naturalis museum has an exhibition on "Naturalia, circus animals to scientific object", in which objects from the collection of the ZMA are displayed, between 14 October 2011 and 19 August 2012.
References
External links
Zoological Museum Amsterdam
Defunct museums in the Netherlands
Museums in Amsterdam
Natural History Museum, London
Natural history museums in the Netherlands
University of Amsterdam
University museums in the Netherlands |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave%20surface | In mathematics, Fresnel's wave surface, found by Augustin-Jean Fresnel in 1822, is a quartic surface describing the propagation of light in an optically biaxial crystal. Wave surfaces are special cases of tetrahedroids which are in turn special cases of Kummer surfaces.
In projective coordinates (w:x:y:z) the wave surface is given by
References
Fresnel, A. (1822), "Second supplément au mémoire sur la double réfraction" (signed 31 March 1822, submitted 1 April 1822), in H. de Sénarmont, É. Verdet, and L. Fresnel (eds.), Oeuvres complètes d'Augustin Fresnel, Paris: Imprimerie Impériale (3 vols., 1866–70), vol.2 (1868), pp.369–442, especially pp. 369 (date présenté), 386–8 (eq.4), 442 (signature and date).
External links
Fresnel wave surface
Algebraic surfaces
Complex surfaces
Waves |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kummer%20configuration | In geometry, the Kummer configuration, named for Ernst Kummer, is a geometric configuration of 16 points and 16 planes such that each point lies on 6 of the planes and each plane contains 6 of the points. Further, every pair of points is incident with exactly two planes, and every two planes intersect in exactly two points. The configuration is therefore a biplane, specifically, a 2−(16,6,2) design. The 16 nodes and 16 tropes of a Kummer surface form a Kummer configuration.
There are three different non-isomorphic ways to select 16 different 6-sets from 16 elements satisfying the above properties, that is, forming a biplane. The most symmetric of the three is the Kummer configuration, also called "the best biplane" on 16 points.
Construction
Following the method of Jordan (1869), but see also Assmus and Sardi (1981), arrange the 16 points (say the numbers 1 to 16) in a 4x4 grid. For each element in turn, take the 3 other points in the same row and the 3 other points in the same column, and combine them into a 6-set. This creates one 6-element block for each point.
Consider two points on the same row or column. There are two other points in that row or column which show up in the blocks for both starting points, therefore those blocks intersect in two points. Now consider two points not in the same row or column. Their corresponding blocks intersect in two points which form a rectangle with the two starting points. Thus all blocks intersect in two points. By examining the blocks corresponding to those intersection points, one sees that any two starting points are present in two blocks.
Automorphisms
There are exactly 11520 permutations of the 16 points that give the same blocks back. Additionally, exchanging the block labels with the point labels yields another automorphism of size 2, resulting in 23040 automorphisms.
See also
Klein configuration
References
Configurations (geometry)
Algebraic geometry |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klein%20configuration | In geometry, the Klein configuration, studied by , is a geometric configuration related to Kummer surfaces that consists of 60 points and 60 planes, with each point lying on 15 planes and each plane passing through 15 points. The configurations uses 15 pairs of lines, 12 . 13 . 14 . 15 . 16 . 23 . 24 . 25 . 26 . 34 . 35 . 36 . 45 . 46 . 56 and their reverses. The 60 points are three concurrent lines forming an odd permutation, shown below. The sixty planes are 3 coplanar lines forming even permutations, obtained by reversing the last two digits in the points. For any point or plane there are 15 members in the other set containing those 3 lines. [Hudson, 1905]
Coordinates of points and planes
A possible set of coordinates for points (and also for planes!) is the following:
References
But in the original paper, the P43 coordinates are incorrect.
Configurations (geometry)
Algebraic geometry |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20the%20busiest%20airports%20in%20Japan | Japan's busiest airports are a series of lists ranking the fifty busiest airports in the country according to the number of total passengers, and also including statistics for total aircraft movements and total cargo movements, following the official register yearly. The data here presented are provided by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT), and the results are for the calendar year (as the Ministry also presents yearly results for the fiscal year).
The lists are presented in chronological order starting from the latest year. The number of total passengers is measured in persons and includes any passenger that arrives, depart or travel on transit in every airport in the country. The number of total aircraft movements is estimated, measuring airplane-times and includes the departures and arrivals of any kind of aircraft in schedule or charter conditions. The number of total cargo movements in metric tonnes and includes all the movements of cargo and mail that arrives or departs from the airport.
In graph
2021 final statistics
The 50 busiest airports in Japan in 2021 ordered by total passenger traffic, according to the MLIT reports.
2020 final statistics
The 50 busiest airports in Japan in 2020 ordered by total passenger traffic, according to the MLIT reports.
2019 final statistics
The 50 busiest airports in Japan in 2019 ordered by total passenger traffic, according to the MLIT reports.
2018 final statistics
The 50 busiest airports in Japan in 2018 ordered by total passenger traffic, according to the MLIT reports.
2017 final statistics
The 50 busiest airports in Japan in 2017 ordered by total passenger traffic, according to the MLIT reports.
2016 final statistics
The 50 busiest airports in Japan in 2016 ordered by total passenger traffic, according to the MLIT reports.
2015 final statistics
The 50 busiest airports in Japan in 2015 ordered by total passenger traffic, according to the MLIT reports.
2014 final statistics
The 50 busiest airports in Japan in 2014 ordered by total passenger traffic, according to the MLIT reports.
2013 final statistics
The 50 busiest airports in Japan in 2013 ordered by total passenger traffic, according to the MLIT reports.
2012 final statistics
The 50 busiest airports in Japan in 2012 ordered by total passenger traffic, according to the MLIT reports.
2011 final statistics
The 50 busiest airports in Japan in 2011 ordered by total passenger traffic, according to the MLIT reports.
2010 final statistics
The 50 busiest airports in Japan in 2010 ordered by total passenger traffic, according to the MLIT reports.
2009 final statistics
The 50 busiest airports in Japan in 2009 ordered by total passenger traffic, according to the MLIT reports.
2008 final statistics
The 50 busiest airports in Japan in 2008 ordered by total passenger traffic, according to the MLIT reports.
2007 final statistics
The 50 busiest airports in Japan in 2007 ordered by total passenger traffic, a |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanislaus%20S.%20Uyanto | Stanislaus S. Uyanto is an Indonesian statistician. He is a professor of statistics at Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia. He is teaching statistics and mathematics at the Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta.
He is an alumnus of the State University of New York at Albany, where he earned his master's degree in mathematical statistics. He also earned a master's degree in statistics from the State University of New York at Buffalo. He holds a Ph.D. in statistics from the School of Mathematics and Statistics at the University of Melbourne, Australia.
He is a regular member of the International Statistical Institute and a member of the American Statistical Association.
Publications
Books
Uyanto, Stanislaus S. Petunjuk Lengkap Pemrograman Komputer Dengan Bahasa C [A Complete Guide to Programming in C]. Jakarta: Penerbit PT Gramedia Sarana Indonesia (Grasindo).
Uyanto, Stanislaus S. Pedoman Analisis Data Dengan SPSS [A Guide to Data Analysis Using SPSS]. Edisi-3. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Graha Ilmu, 2009.
Selected journal articles
Uyanto, Stanislaus S. (2021). An Extensive Comparisons of 50 Univariate Goodness-of-fit Tests for Normality”, Austrian Journal of Statistics, 51(3), 45–97. (https://doi.org/10.17713/ajs.v51i3.1279 )
Uyanto, Stanislaus S. (2020). "Power Comparisons of Five Most Commonly Used Autocorrelation Tests", Pakistan Journal of Statistics and Operation Research, 16(1), 119-130. (https://doi.org/10.18187/pjsor.v16i1.2691 ).
Uyanto, Stanislaus S. (2019). "Monte Carlo power comparison of seven most commonly used heteroscedasticity tests", Communications in Statistics - Simulation and Computation, Volume 51, No.4, pp. 2065-2082 (https://doi.org/10.1080/03610918.2019.1692031 ).
Uyanto, Stanislaus S. (2017). "Coefficient of Relationship for Two Symmetric Alpha-Stable Variables When Alpha in the Interval (1,2]", Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods, Volume 46, No.14, pp. 6874-6881 (https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610926.2015.1137599 ).
External links
Gazette 31 Vol 3
Regression and Time Series for Infinitely Divisible Distributions ...
Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia
Pedoman Analisis Data Dengan SPSS Edisi-3
University of Melbourne alumni
University at Albany, SUNY alumni
University at Buffalo alumni
Indonesian statisticians
Indonesian Christians
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germany%20national%20football%20team%20records%20and%20statistics | The Germany national football team ( or Die Mannschaft) has represented Germany in men's international football since 1908. The team is governed by the German Football Association (Deutscher Fußball-Bund), founded in 1900. Ever since the DFB was reinaugurated in 1949 the team has represented the Federal Republic of Germany. Under Allied occupation and division, two other separate national teams were also recognised by FIFA: the Saarland team representing the Saarland (1950–1956) and the East German team representing the German Democratic Republic (1952–1990). Both have been absorbed along with their records by the current national team. The official name and code "Germany FR (FRG)" was shortened to "Germany (GER)" following the reunification in 1990.
Germany is one of the most successful national teams in international competitions, having won four World Cups (1954, 1974, 1990, 2014), three European Championships (1972, 1980, 1996), and one Confederations Cup (2017). They have also been runners-up three times in the European Championships, four times in the World Cup, and a further four third-place finishes at World Cups. East Germany won Olympic Gold in 1976.
Germany is the only nation to have won both the FIFA World Cup and the FIFA Women's World Cup. At the end of the 2014 World Cup, Germany earned the highest Elo rating of any national football team in history, with a record 2,205 points. Germany is also the only European nation that has won a FIFA World Cup in the Americas.
Abbreviation
A = away match
H = home match
* = match in neutral place
(c) = captain of team
(g) = goalkeeper
Am. = Amateure
WC = World Cup
EC = European Championship
Confed-Cup = Confederations Cup
NL = UEFA Nations League
OG = Olympic matches
Cons. tour. = Consolation tournament of the Olympic Games
a.e.t. = after extra time
p. = penalty shoot-out
GG = golden goal
= goal scored from penalty kick
= own goal
(opposite the name) = players which are played for Austria and Germany
(opposite the name) = players which are played for Poland and Germany
green background colour = Germany won the match
yellow background colur = draw (including matches decided via penalty shoot-out)
red background colour = Germany lost the match
The current and enlarged national team members are highlighted in bold. Players who have not been played for more than six months are in italics.
Player records
Most capped players
Most consecutive matches
Since many players have been absent due to injuries, there are only a few players who have been able to play for the national team without interruption:
Youngest players on debut
Twelve players were younger than 19 on their debut, four under 18. 109 players were not yet of age on their debut. After the age of majority was reduced to 18 years on 1 January 1975, no players who were not yet of age have made their debut, with the exception of Youssoufa Moukoko in 2022, who debuted four days before his 18th birthday. Of the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levi%20L.%20Conant%20Prize | The Levi L. Conant Prize is a mathematics prize of the American Mathematical Society, which has been awarded since 2001 for outstanding expository papers published in the Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society or the Notices of the American Mathematical Society in the past five years. The award is worth $1,000 and is awarded annually.
The award is named after Levi L. Conant (1857–1916), a professor at the Worcester Polytechnic Institute, known as the author of anthropological mathematics book "The number concept" (1896). He left the AMS $10,000 for the foundation of the award bearing his name in 2000.
Winners
Source: American Mathematical Society
2023: Joshua Greene for
2022: for
2021: Dan Margalit for the article "The Mathematics of Joan Birman," Notices of the AMS, 66 (2019), 341-353
2020: Amie Wilkinson for the article "What are Lyapunov exponents, and why are they interesting?", Bulletin of the AMS, Volume 54, January 2017, Pages 79–105
2019: Alex Wright for
2018: Henry Cohn for AMS Prize announcements
2017: David H. Bailey, Jonathan Borwein, Andrew Mattingly and Glenn Wightwick for
2016: Daniel Rothman for
2015: Jeffrey Lagarias and Zong Chuanming for
2014: Alex Kontorovich for
2013: John C. Baez and John Huerta, for
2012: Persi Diaconis for
2011: David Vogan for
2010: Bryna Kra for
2009: John Morgan for
2008: J. Brian Conrey for and Shlomo Hoory, Nathan Linial, Avi Wigderson for
2007: Jeffrey Weeks for
2006: Ronald Solomon for
2005: Allen Knutson, Terence Tao for
2004: Noam Elkies for "Lattices, Linear Codes, and Invariants." Notices of the AMS, Vol. 47, 2000, Part 1: No. 10, pg. 1238–45; Part 2: No. 11, pg. 1382–91.
2003: Nicholas Katz, Peter Sarnak for
2002: Elliott Lieb and Jakob Yngvason for
2001: Carl Pomerance for
See also
List of mathematics awards
References
The original article was a translation of the corresponding German article.
The prize website
Awards of the American Mathematical Society
Awards established in 2001
2001 establishments in the United States |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix%20gamma%20distribution | In statistics, a matrix gamma distribution is a generalization of the gamma distribution to positive-definite matrices. It is a more general version of the Wishart distribution, and is used similarly, e.g. as the conjugate prior of the precision matrix of a multivariate normal distribution and matrix normal distribution. The compound distribution resulting from compounding a matrix normal with a matrix gamma prior over the precision matrix is a generalized matrix t-distribution.
This reduces to the Wishart distribution with
Notice that in this parametrization, the parameters and are not identified; the density depends on these two parameters through the product .
See also
inverse matrix gamma distribution.
matrix normal distribution.
matrix t-distribution.
Wishart distribution.
Notes
References
Gupta, A. K.; Nagar, D. K. (1999) Matrix Variate Distributions, Chapman and Hall/CRC
Random matrices
Continuous distributions
Multivariate continuous distributions |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse%20matrix%20gamma%20distribution | In statistics, the inverse matrix gamma distribution is a generalization of the inverse gamma distribution to positive-definite matrices. It is a more general version of the inverse Wishart distribution, and is used similarly, e.g. as the conjugate prior of the covariance matrix of a multivariate normal distribution or matrix normal distribution. The compound distribution resulting from compounding a matrix normal with an inverse matrix gamma prior over the covariance matrix is a generalized matrix t-distribution.
This reduces to the inverse Wishart distribution with degrees of freedom when .
See also
inverse Wishart distribution.
matrix gamma distribution.
matrix normal distribution.
matrix t-distribution.
Wishart distribution.
References
Random matrices
Continuous distributions
Multivariate continuous distributions |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marco%20Colandrea | Marco Colandrea (born 6 April 1994 in Sorengo) is a Swiss Grand Prix motorcycle racer.
Career statistics
By season
Races by year
(key)
References
External links
1994 births
Living people
Swiss motorcycle racers
125cc World Championship riders
Moto2 World Championship riders
Sportspeople from Ticino |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander%20Lundh | Alexander Lundh (born 30 October 1986) is a Swedish motorcycle racer.
Career statistics
Supersport World Championship
Races by year
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
By season
Races by year
(key)
Superbike World Championship
Races by year
External links
1986 births
Living people
Swedish motorcycle racers
Moto2 World Championship riders
Supersport World Championship riders
Superbike World Championship riders
FIM Superstock 1000 Cup riders
People from Värnamo Municipality
Sportspeople from Jönköping County |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasser%20Al%20Malki | Nasser Hassan Al Malki (; born 30 November 1983 in Doha) is a Qatari motorcycle racer.
Career statistics
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
FIM CEV Stock 600 Championship
Races by year
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
By season
Races by year
(key)
Supersport World Championship
Races by year
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
References
External links
Living people
1983 births
Qatari motorcycle racers
Moto2 World Championship riders
Sportspeople from Doha
Supersport World Championship riders |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raymond%20Clare%20Archibald | Raymond Clare Archibald (7 October 1875 – 26 July 1955) was a prominent Canadian-American mathematician. He is known for his work as a historian of mathematics, his editorships of mathematical journals and his contributions to the teaching of mathematics.
Biography
Raymond Clare Archibald was born in South Branch, Stewiacke, Nova Scotia on 7 October 1875. He was the son of Abram Newcomb Archibald (1849–1883) and Mary Mellish Archibald (1849–1901). He was the fourth cousin twice removed of the famous Canadian-American astronomer and mathematician Simon Newcomb.
Archibald graduated in 1894 from Mount Allison College with B.A. degree in mathematics and teacher's certificate in violin. After teaching mathematics and violin for a year at the Mount Allison Ladies' College he went to Harvard where he received a B.A. 1896 and a M.A. in 1897. He then traveled to Europe where he attended the Humboldt University of Berlin during 1898 and received a Ph.D. cum laude from the University of Strasbourg in 1900. His advisor was Karl Theodor Reye and title of his dissertation was The Cardioide and Some of its Related Curves.
He returned to Canada in 1900 and taught mathematics and violin at the Mount Allison Ladies' College until 1907. After a one-year appointment at Acadia University he accepted an invitation of join the mathematics department at Brown University. He stayed at Brown for the rest of his career becoming a Professor Emeritus in 1943. While at Brown he created one of the finest mathematical libraries in the western hemisphere.
Archibald returned to Mount Allison in 1954 to curate the Mary Mellish Archibald Memorial Library, the library he had founded in 1905 to honor his mother. At his death the library contained 23,000 volumes, 2,700 records, and 70,000 songs in American and English poetry and drama.
Raymond Clare Archibald was a world-renowned historian of mathematics with a lifelong concern for the teaching of mathematics in secondary schools. At the presentation of his portrait to Brown University the head of the mathematics department, Professor Clarence Raymond Adams said of him:
"The instincts of the bibliophile were also his from early years. Possessing a passion for accurate detail, systematic by nature and blessed with a memory that was the marvel of his friends, he gradually acquired a knowledge of mathematical books and their values which has scarcely been equalled. This knowledge and an untiring energy he dedicated to the upbuilding of the mathematical library at Brown University. From modest beginnings he has developed this essential equipment of the mathematical investigator to a point where it has no superior, in completeness and in convenience for the user."
Honors
Archibald received honorary degrees from the University of Padua (LL.D., 1922), Mount Allison University (LL.D., 1923) and from Brown University (M.A. ad eundem, 1943).
Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science (1906)
Member, Deutsch |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%20line | In Euclidean geometry the Newton line is the line that connects the midpoints of the two diagonals in a convex quadrilateral with at most two parallel sides.
Properties
The line segments and that connect the midpoints of opposite sides (the bimedians) of a convex quadrilateral intersect in a point that lies on the Newton line. This point bisects the line segment that connects the diagonal midpoints.
By Anne's theorem and its converse, any interior point P on the Newton line of a quadrilateral has the property that
where denotes the area of triangle .
If the quadrilateral is a tangential quadrilateral, then its incenter also lies on this line.
See also
Complete quadrangle
Newton's theorem (quadrilateral)
Newton–Gauss line
References
External links
Alexander Bogomolny: Bimedians in a Quadrilateral at cut-the-knot.org
Quadrilaterals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iv%C3%A1n%20Moreno%20%28motorcyclist%29 | Iván Moreno (born 26 February 1989 in Cadiz) is a Spanish Grand Prix motorcycle racer.
Career statistics
By season
Races by year
(key)
References
External links
1989 births
Living people
Moto2 World Championship riders
Moto3 World Championship riders
Spanish motorcycle racers |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simone%20Grotzkyj | Simone Grotzkyj Giorgi (born 28 September 1988 in Pesaro) is an Italian motorcycle racer. He was the CIV 125 GP champion in 2005.
Career statistics
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
By season
Races by year
(key)
References
External links
1988 births
Living people
Italian motorcycle racers
125cc World Championship riders
250cc World Championship riders
Moto3 World Championship riders
Sportspeople from Pesaro
FIM Superstock 1000 Cup riders |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luigi%20Morciano | Luigi Morciano (born 25 February 1994) is an Italian motorcycle racer. He currently competes in the CIV Supersport Championship aboard a Kawasaki ZX-6R.
Career statistics
FIM CEV Moto3 Championship
Races by year
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
By season
Races by year
(key)
Supersport World Championship
Races by year
(key)
External links
1994 births
Living people
People from Anzio
Italian motorcycle racers
125cc World Championship riders
Moto3 World Championship riders
Supersport World Championship riders
Sportspeople from the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boundary%20particle%20method | In applied mathematics, the boundary particle method (BPM) is a boundary-only meshless (meshfree) collocation technique, in the sense that none of inner nodes are required in the numerical solution of nonhomogeneous partial differential equations. Numerical experiments show that the BPM has spectral convergence. Its interpolation matrix can be symmetric.
History and recent developments
In recent decades, the dual reciprocity method (DRM) and multiple reciprocity method (MRM) have been emerging as promising techniques to evaluate the particular solution of nonhomogeneous partial differential equations in conjunction with the boundary discretization techniques, such as boundary element method (BEM). For instance, the so-called DR-BEM and MR-BEM are popular BEM techniques in the numerical solution of nonhomogeneous problems.
The DRM has become a common method to evaluate the particular solution. However, the DRM requires inner nodes to guarantee the convergence and stability. The MRM has an advantage over the DRM in that it does not require using inner nodes for nonhomogeneous problems. Compared with the DRM, the MRM is computationally more expensive in the construction of the interpolation matrices and has limited applicability to general nonhomogeneous problems due to its conventional use of high-order Laplacian operators in the annihilation process.
The recursive composite multiple reciprocity method (RC-MRM), was proposed to overcome the above-mentioned problems. The key idea of the RC-MRM is to employ high-order composite differential operators instead of high-order Laplacian operators to eliminate a number of nonhomogeneous terms in the governing equation. The RC-MRM uses the recursive structures of the MRM interpolation matrix to reduce computational costs.
The boundary particle method (BPM) is a boundary-only discretization of an inhomogeneous partial differential equation by combining the RC-MRM with strong-form meshless boundary collocation discretization schemes, such as the method of fundamental solution (MFS), boundary knot method (BKM), regularized meshless method (RMM), singular boundary method (SBM), and Trefftz method (TM). The BPM has been applied to problems such as nonhomogeneous Helmholtz equation and convection–diffusion equation. The BPM interpolation representation is of a wavelet series.
For the application of the BPM to Helmholtz, Poisson and plate bending problems, the high-order fundamental solution or general solution, harmonic function or Trefftz function (T-complete functions) are often used, for instance, those of Berger, Winkler, and vibrational thin plate equations. The method has been applied to inverse Cauchy problem associated with Poisson and nonhomogeneous Helmholtz equations.
Further comments
The BPM may encounter difficulty in the solution of problems having complex source functions, such as non-smooth, large-gradient functions, or a set of discrete measured data. The solution of such problems involve |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20Elliot%20%28footballer%29 | Thomas Elliot (born 18 June 1979) is a Caymanian footballer who plays as a defender. He has represented the Cayman Islands during World Cup qualifying matches in 2004 and 2008.
Career statistics
International goals
Scores and results list the Cayman Islands' goal tally first.
References
1979 births
Living people
Men's association football defenders
Caymanian men's footballers
Sunset FC players
Scholars International SC players
Cayman Islands Premier League players
Cayman Islands men's international footballers |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alex%20Bellos | Alexander Bellos (born 1969) is a British writer, broadcaster and mathematics communicator. He is the author of books about Brazil and mathematics, as well as having a column in The Guardian newspaper.
Education and early life
Alex Bellos was born in Oxford and grew up in Edinburgh and Southampton. He was educated at Hampton Park Comprehensive School and Richard Taunton Sixth Form College in Southampton. He went on to study mathematics and philosophy at Corpus Christi College, Oxford, where he was the editor of the student paper Cherwell.
Career
Bellos's first job was working for The Argus in Brighton before moving to The Guardian in London. From 1998 to 2003 he was South America correspondent of The Guardian, and wrote Futebol: the Brazilian Way of Life. The book was well received in the UK, where it was nominated for sports book of the year at the British Book Awards. In the US, it was included as one of Publishers Weekly's books of the year. They wrote: “Compelling...Alternately funny and dark...Bellos offers a cast of characters as colorful as a Carnival parade”. In 2006, he ghostwrote Pelé: The Autobiography, about the soccer player Pelé, which was a number one best-seller in the UK.
Returning to live in the UK, Bellos decided to write about mathematics. The book Alex's Adventures in Numberland was published in 2010 and spent four months in The Sunday Times''' top ten best-sellers' list. The Daily Telegraph described the book as a "mathematical wonder that will leave you hooked on numbers." The book was shortlisted for three awards in the UK, including the BBC Samuel Johnson Prize for Non-Fiction 2010. The Guardian reported that Bellos's book was narrowly beaten into second place. Chairman of the judges Evan Davis broke with protocol to discuss their deliberations: "[Bellos's] was a book everyone thought would be nice if it won, because it would be good for people to read a maths book. Some of us wished we'd read it when we were 14 years old. If we'd taken the view that this is a book everyone ought to read, then it might have gone that way."
Several translations of the book have been published. The Italian version, Il meraviglioso mondo dei numeri, won both the €10,000 Galileo Prize for science books and the 2011 Peano Prize for mathematics books. In the United States, the book was given the title Here's Looking at Euclid.Alex Through The Looking-Glass: How Life Reflects Numbers and Numbers Reflect Life was published in 2014 and received positive reviews. The Daily Telegraph wrote: “If anything, Looking Glass is a better work than Numberland – it feels more immediate, more relevant and more fun.”
Its US title was The Grapes of Math, about which The New York Times said Bellos was: “a charming and eloquent guide to math’s mysteries…There’s an interesting fact or mathematical obsessive on almost every page. And for its witty flourishes, it’s never shallow. Bellos doesn’t shrink from delving into equations, which should delight aficionados |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel%20Tatasciore | Manuel Tatasciore (born 17 April 1994 in Lanciano) is an Italian motorcycle racer.
Career statistics
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
By season
Races by year
(key)
External links
Living people
1994 births
Italian motorcycle racers
125cc World Championship riders
Moto3 World Championship riders
People from Lanciano
Sportspeople from the Province of Chieti |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco%20Mauriello | Francesco Mauriello (born 28 November 1993) is an Italian motorcycle racer. He won the Italian 125 GP championship in 2010.
Career statistics
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
By season
Races by year
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position, races in italics indicate fastest lap)
References
External links
Profile on MotoGP.com
Italian motorcycle racers
Living people
1993 births
125cc World Championship riders
Sportspeople from the Province of Naples |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommaso%20Lorenzetti | Tommaso Lorenzetti (born 22 June 1985) is an Italian motorcycle racer and Maxillofacial surgeon.
Career statistics
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
By season
Races by year
External links
Italian motorcycle racers
Living people
1985 births
Moto2 World Championship riders
FIM Superstock 1000 Cup riders
People from Foligno
Cyclists from Umbria |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mattia%20Tarozzi | Mattia Tarozzi (born January 15, 1991) is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer from Italy.
Career statistics
By season
Races by year
References
External links
Italian motorcycle racers
Living people
1991 births
125cc World Championship riders
Moto2 World Championship riders
Sportspeople from Faenza |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fontaine%E2%80%93Mazur%20conjecture | In mathematics, the Fontaine–Mazur conjectures are some conjectures introduced by about when p-adic representations of Galois groups of number fields can be constructed from representations on étale cohomology groups of a varieties. Some cases of this conjecture in dimension 2 were already proved by .
References
External links
Robert Coleman's lectures on the Fontaine–Mazur conjecture
Galois theory
Number theory
Conjectures |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alessandro%20Giorgi | Alessandro Giorgi (born 28 October 1993) is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer from Italy.
Career statistics
By season
Races by year
(key)
References
External links
Profile on motogp.com
Italian motorcycle racers
Living people
1993 births
125cc World Championship riders
Sportspeople from the Province of Rimini |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massimo%20Parziani | Massimo Parziani (born 10 July 1992 in Rovereto) is an Italian Grand Prix motorcycle racer.
Career statistics
By season
Races by year
(key)
References
External links
Profile on motogp.com
Living people
1992 births
Italian motorcycle racers
125cc World Championship riders
FIM Superstock 1000 Cup riders
Sportspeople from Rovereto |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luca%20Fabrizio | Luca Fabrizio is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer from Italy. He races in the Italian CIV Moto3 Championship aboard a Honda NSF250R. He is the younger brother of Michel Fabrizio.
Career statistics
By season
Races by year
(key)
References
External links
Profile on motogp.com
Italian motorcycle racers
1992 births
Living people
125cc World Championship riders
Sportspeople from Rome |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricci%20calculus | In mathematics, Ricci calculus constitutes the rules of index notation and manipulation for tensors and tensor fields on a differentiable manifold, with or without a metric tensor or connection. It is also the modern name for what used to be called the absolute differential calculus (the foundation of tensor calculus), developed by Gregorio Ricci-Curbastro in 1887–1896, and subsequently popularized in a paper written with his pupil Tullio Levi-Civita in 1900. Jan Arnoldus Schouten developed the modern notation and formalism for this mathematical framework, and made contributions to the theory, during its applications to general relativity and differential geometry in the early twentieth century.
A component of a tensor is a real number that is used as a coefficient of a basis element for the tensor space. The tensor is the sum of its components multiplied by their corresponding basis elements. Tensors and tensor fields can be expressed in terms of their components, and operations on tensors and tensor fields can be expressed in terms of operations on their components. The description of tensor fields and operations on them in terms of their components is the focus of the Ricci calculus. This notation allows an efficient expression of such tensor fields and operations. While much of the notation may be applied with any tensors, operations relating to a differential structure are only applicable to tensor fields. Where needed, the notation extends to components of non-tensors, particularly multidimensional arrays.
A tensor may be expressed as a linear sum of the tensor product of vector and covector basis elements. The resulting tensor components are labelled by indices of the basis. Each index has one possible value per dimension of the underlying vector space. The number of indices equals the degree (or order) of the tensor.
For compactness and convenience, the Ricci calculus incorporates Einstein notation, which implies summation over indices repeated within a term and universal quantification over free indices. Expressions in the notation of the Ricci calculus may generally be interpreted as a set of simultaneous equations relating the components as functions over a manifold, usually more specifically as functions of the coordinates on the manifold. This allows intuitive manipulation of expressions with familiarity of only a limited set of rules.
Notation for indices
Basis-related distinctions
Space and time coordinates
Where a distinction is to be made between the space-like basis elements and a time-like element in the four-dimensional spacetime of classical physics, this is conventionally done through indices as follows:
The lowercase Latin alphabet is used to indicate restriction to 3-dimensional Euclidean space, which take values 1, 2, 3 for the spatial components; and the time-like element, indicated by 0, is shown separately.
The lowercase Greek alphabet is used for 4-dimensional spacetime, which typically take values 0 for ti |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mashel%20Al%20Naimi | Mashel Al Naimi (born 8 September 1983 in Doha) is a Qatari motorcycle racer.
Career statistics
Superbike World Championship
Races by year
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
By season
Races by year
(key)
External links
Living people
1983 births
Qatari motorcycle racers
Moto2 World Championship riders
Superbike World Championship riders
FIM Superstock 1000 Cup riders |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary%20of%20algebraic%20geometry | This is a glossary of algebraic geometry.
See also glossary of commutative algebra, glossary of classical algebraic geometry, and glossary of ring theory. For the number-theoretic applications, see glossary of arithmetic and Diophantine geometry.
For simplicity, a reference to the base scheme is often omitted; i.e., a scheme will be a scheme over some fixed base scheme S and a morphism an S-morphism.
!$@
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
Z
Notes
References
Kollár, János, "Book on Moduli of Surfaces" available at his website
Martin's Olsson's course notes written by Anton, https://web.archive.org/web/20121108104319/http://math.berkeley.edu/~anton/written/Stacks/Stacks.pdf
A book worked out by many authors.
See also
Glossary of arithmetic and Diophantine geometry
Glossary of classical algebraic geometry
Glossary of differential geometry and topology
Glossary of Riemannian and metric geometry
List of complex and algebraic surfaces
List of surfaces
List of curves
Algebraic geometry
Algebraic geometry
Scheme theory
Wikipedia glossaries using description lists |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander%20Braverman | Alexander Braverman (born June 8, 1974) is an Israeli mathematician.
Life and work
Braverman was born in Moscow.. He earned in 1993 a BA degree in mathematics from the University of Tel Aviv, where in 1998 he received a Ph.D. (Kazhdan-Laumon Representations of Finite Chevalley Groups, Character Sheaves and Some Generalization of the Lefschetz-Verdier Trace Formula) under supervision of Joseph Bernstein. From 1997 to 1999 he was a C.L.E. Moore instructor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and in 2004 Benjamin Peirce Lecturer at Harvard University. He was an associate professor at Brown University from 2004 to 2009 and then a full professor from 2009 to 2015. He is a full professor at University of Toronto since 2015 and an associate faculty member at Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics. He was also a visiting scholar at Institute for Advanced Study (1997, 1999), the University of Paris VI and the Paris-Nord, the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, the Weizmann Institute, Clay Mathematics Institute and at the IHES in Paris.
Braverman specializes in the geometric Langlands program, the intersection of number theory, algebraic geometry and representation theory, which also has applications to mathematical physics.
In 2006 he was an invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Madrid (Spaces of quasi-maps into the flag varieties and their applications).
References
External links
CV at Brown University
1974 births
Living people
Israeli Jews
Israeli mathematicians
Israeli people of Russian-Jewish descent
Russian Jews
Russian mathematicians
Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science faculty |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobson%27s%20conjecture | In abstract algebra, Jacobson's conjecture is an open problem in ring theory concerning the intersection of powers of the Jacobson radical of a Noetherian ring.
It has only been proven for special types of Noetherian rings, so far. Examples exist to show that the conjecture can fail when the ring is not Noetherian on a side, so it is absolutely necessary for the ring to be two-sided Noetherian.
The conjecture is named for the algebraist Nathan Jacobson who posed the first version of the conjecture.
Statement
For a ring R with Jacobson radical J, the nonnegative powers are defined by using the product of ideals.
Jacobson's conjecture: In a right-and-left Noetherian ring,
In other words: "The only element of a Noetherian ring in all powers of J is 0."
The original conjecture posed by Jacobson in 1956 asked about noncommutative one-sided Noetherian rings, however Israel Nathan Herstein produced a counterexample in 1965, and soon afterwards, Arun Vinayak Jategaonkar produced a different example which was a left principal ideal domain. From that point on, the conjecture was reformulated to require two-sided Noetherian rings.
Partial results
Jacobson's conjecture has been verified for particular types of Noetherian rings:
Commutative Noetherian rings all satisfy Jacobson's conjecture. This is a consequence of the Krull intersection theorem.
Fully bounded Noetherian rings
Noetherian rings with Krull dimension 1
Noetherian rings satisfying the second layer condition
References
Sources
Conjectures
Ring theory
Unsolved problems in mathematics |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data%20science | Data science is an interdisciplinary academic field that uses statistics, scientific computing, scientific methods, processes, algorithms and systems to extract or extrapolate knowledge and insights from noisy, structured, and unstructured data.
Data science also integrates domain knowledge from the underlying application domain (e.g., natural sciences, information technology, and medicine). Data science is multifaceted and can be described as a science, a research paradigm, a research method, a discipline, a workflow, and a profession.
Data science is a "concept to unify statistics, data analysis, informatics, and their related methods" to "understand and analyze actual phenomena" with data. It uses techniques and theories drawn from many fields within the context of mathematics, statistics, computer science, information science, and domain knowledge. However, data science is different from computer science and information science. Turing Award winner Jim Gray imagined data science as a "fourth paradigm" of science (empirical, theoretical, computational, and now data-driven) and asserted that "everything about science is changing because of the impact of information technology" and the data deluge.
A data scientist is a professional who creates programming code and combines it with statistical knowledge to create insights from data.
Foundations
Data science is an interdisciplinary field focused on extracting knowledge from typically large data sets and applying the knowledge and insights from that data to solve problems in a wide range of application domains. The field encompasses preparing data for analysis, formulating data science problems, analyzing data, developing data-driven solutions, and presenting findings to inform high-level decisions in a broad range of application domains. As such, it incorporates skills from computer science, statistics, information science, mathematics, data visualization, information visualization, data sonification, data integration, graphic design, complex systems, communication and business. Statistician Nathan Yau, drawing on Ben Fry, also links data science to human–computer interaction: users should be able to intuitively control and explore data. In 2015, the American Statistical Association identified database management, statistics and machine learning, and distributed and parallel systems as the three emerging foundational professional communities.
Relationship to statistics
Many statisticians, including Nate Silver, have argued that data science is not a new field, but rather another name for statistics. Others argue that data science is distinct from statistics because it focuses on problems and techniques unique to digital data. Vasant Dhar writes that statistics emphasizes quantitative data and description. In contrast, data science deals with quantitative and qualitative data (e.g., from images, text, sensors, transactions, customer information, etc.) and emphasizes prediction and action. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French%20people%20in%20Lebanon | French people in Lebanon (or French Lebanese) are French citizens resident in Lebanon, including many binationals and persons of mixed ancestry. French statistics estimated that there were around 21,500 French citizens living in Lebanon in 2011. There are neither official Lebanese statistics nor any scientific information regarding their spoken languages and supposed religious affiliations.
Political representation
For the elections at the Assembly of French Citizens Abroad, Lebanon is part of the Beirut electoral district, including also Syria, Iraq and Jordan, where there are small French communities. The three representatives elected on 18 June 2006 (4,156 votes in total, 3,787 in Lebanon) are all members of right-wing groups in the Assembly: Jean-Louis Mainguy (born in 1953 in Beirut, Union of Democrats, Independents and Liberals), Denise Revers-Haddad (born in 1940 in Varennes-Jarcy, Rally of French Citizens Abroad) and Marcel Laugel (born in 1931 in Algiers, then French Algeria, Union of Democrats, Independents and Liberals).
For the June 2012 French legislative election, Lebanon is part of a large constituency for French residents overseas, the tenth, including Central, Eastern and Southern Africa and much of the Middle East. On December 31, 2011 there were 21,428 registered French electors in Lebanon out of 147,997 for the whole constituency. Out of 11 candidates presently known, only two are – at least partially – living in Lebanon, none from the two main parties.
French Lebanese in France
At the French National Assembly, there were two French Lebanese deputies for the 2007-2012 mandate, Henri Jibrayel (member of the Socialist Party) and Élie Aboud (born in Beirut in 1959, member of the Union for a Popular Movement). In the 2007-2012 Union for a Popular Movement governments, there was a French Lebanese member, Éric Besson, whose mother is Lebanese.
See also
Count of Tripoli
French Mandate of Syria and the Lebanon
Lebanon
France
French Empire
France–Lebanon relations
French diaspora
Lebanese people in France
Latin Church in Lebanon
French language in Lebanon
Latin Church in the Middle East
References
Lebanon
Ethnic groups in Lebanon |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hessian%20pair | In mathematics, a Hessian pair or Hessian duad, named for Otto Hesse, is a pair of points of the projective line canonically associated with a set of 3 points of the projective line. More generally, one can define the Hessian pair of any triple of elements from a set that can be identified with a projective line, such as a rational curve, a pencil of divisors, a pencil of lines, and so on.
Definition
If {A, B, C} is a set of 3 distinct points of the projective line, then the Hessian pair is a set {P,Q} of two points that can be defined by any of the following properties:
P and Q are the roots of the Hessian of the binary cubic form with roots A, B, C.
P and Q are the two points fixed by the unique projective transformation taking A to B, B to C, and C to A.
P and Q are the two points that when added to A, B, C form an equianharmonic set (a set of 4 points with cross-ratio a cube root of 1).
P and Q are the images of 0 and ∞ under the projective transformation taking the three cube roots of 1 to A, B, C.
Examples
Hesse points can be used to solve cubic equations as follows. If A, B, C are three roots of a cubic, then the Hesse points can be found as roots of a quadratic equation. If the Hesse points are then transformed to 0 and ∞ by a fractional linear transformation, the cubic equation is transformed to one of the form x3 = D.
See also
Glossary of classical algebraic geometry
References
Projective geometry |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20FC%20Hansa%20Rostock%20records%20and%20statistics | This article has details on FC Hansa Rostock statistics.
Recent seasons (from 1991 onwards)
Honours
East German champions: 1991
East German vice-champions: 1955, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1968
East German Cup: 1991
East German Cup finalists: 1955, 1957, 1960, 1967, 1987
2. Bundesliga champions: 1995
German Indoor champions: 1998
German Under 17 championship runners-up: 2005
External links
FC Hansa Rostock on fussballdaten.de (German)
official website of FC Hansa Rostock (German)
German football club statistics |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20FC%20Energie%20Cottbus%20records%20and%20statistics | This article has details on FC Energie Cottbus statistics.
Recent seasons (from 1991 onwards)
Honours
German Cup:
Runners-up 1997
Regionalliga Nordost: 2
Winners 1997 (III), 2018 (IV)
German Under 17 championship:
runners-up 2004
External links
Official website (German)
German football club statistics |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kris%20McLaren | Kris McLaren (born 17 October 1986) is an Australian Grand Prix motorcycle racer.
Career statistics
By season
Races by year
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position, races in italics indicate fastest lap)
References
External links
Profile on motogp.com
Living people
1986 births
Australian motorcycle racers
Moto2 World Championship riders
Avintia Racing MotoGP riders
People from Leongatha
MotoGP World Championship riders |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miroslav%20Popov | Miroslav Popov (born 14 June, 1995 in Dvůr Králové nad Labem) is a Czech motorcycle racer.
Career statistics
Races by year
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position, races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
By season
Races by year
(key)
Supersport World Championship
Races by year
(key)
External links
Living people
1995 births
Czech motorcycle racers
125cc World Championship riders
Moto3 World Championship riders
Moto2 World Championship riders
Supersport World Championship riders
FIM Superstock 1000 Cup riders |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josep%20Rodr%C3%ADguez | Josep Rodríguez Ruiz (born 28 November 1993) is a Spanish motorcycle racer. He has competed in the CEV Moto3 championship and the CEV 125GP championship.
Career statistics
CEV Moto3 Championship
Races by year
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position, races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
By season
Races by year
(key)
References
External links
Living people
1993 births
Sportspeople from Manresa
Spanish motorcycle racers
Motorcycle racers from Catalonia
125cc World Championship riders
Moto3 World Championship riders |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giulian%20Pedone | Giulian Pedone (born 29 November 1993 in Neuchâtel) is a Swiss motorcycle racer.
Career statistics
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
By season
Races by year
(key)
References
External links
1993 births
Living people
Swiss motorcycle racers
125cc World Championship riders
Moto3 World Championship riders
Sportspeople from Neuchâtel |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boundary%20knot%20method | In numerical mathematics, the boundary knot method (BKM) is proposed as an alternative boundary-type meshfree distance function collocation scheme.
Recent decades have witnessed a research boom on the meshfree numerical PDE techniques since the construction of a mesh in the standard finite element method and boundary element method is not trivial especially for moving boundary, and higher-dimensional problems. The boundary knot method is different from the other methods based on the fundamental solutions, such as boundary element method, method of fundamental solutions and singular boundary method in that the former does not require special techniques to cure the singularity. The BKM is truly meshfree, spectral convergent (numerical observations), symmetric (self-adjoint PDEs), integration-free, and easy to learn and implement. The method has successfully been tested to the Helmholtz, diffusion, convection-diffusion, and Possion equations with very irregular 2D and 3D domains.
Description
The BKM is basically a combination of the distance function, non-singular general solution, and dual reciprocity method (DRM). The distance function is employed in the BKM to approximate the inhomogeneous terms via the DRM, whereas the non-singular general solution of the partial differential equation leads to a boundary-only formulation for the homogeneous solution. Without the singular fundamental solution, the BKM removes the controversial artificial boundary in the method of fundamental solutions. Some preliminary numerical experiments show that the BKM can produce excellent results with relatively a small number of nodes for various linear and nonlinear problems.
Formulation
Consider the following problems,
(1)
(2)
(3)
where is the differential operator, represents the computational domain, and denote the Dirichlet and Neumann boundaries respectively, satisfied and .
The BKM employs the non-singular general solution of the operator to approximate the numerical solution as follows,
(4)
where denotes the Euclidean distance, is the general solution satisfied
(5)
By employing the collocation technique to satisfy the boundary conditions (2) and (3),
(6)
where and denotes the collocation points located at Dirichlet boundary and Neumann boundary respectively. The unknown coefficients can be uniquely determined by above Eq. (6). And then the BKM solution at any location of computational domain can be evaluated by the formulation (4).
History and recent developments
It has long been noted that boundary element method (BEM) is an alternative method to finite element method (FEM) and finite volume method (FVM) for infinite domain, thin-walled structures, and inverse problems, thanks to its dimensional reducibility. The major bottlenecks of BEM, however, are computationally expensive to evaluate integration of singular fundamental solution and to generate surface mesh or re-mesh. The method of fundamental solutions (MFS) has in recent |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan%20Perell%C3%B3 | Joan Perelló Alejo (born 6 October 1993, in Palma) is a Spanish Grand Prix motorcycle racer.
Career statistics
Red Bull MotoGP Rookies Cup
Races by year
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position, races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
By season
Races by year
References
External links
Profile on motogp.com
Living people
1993 births
Spanish motorcycle racers
125cc World Championship riders |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel%20Ruiz%20%28motorcyclist%29 | Daniel Ruiz Vives (born 1992), is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer from Spain.
Career statistics
Red Bull MotoGP Rookies Cup
Races by year
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position, races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
By season
Races by year
(key)
References
External links
Profile on motogp.com
Living people
1992 births
Spanish motorcycle racers
125cc World Championship riders |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damien%20Raemy | Damien Raemy (born 6 April 1994) is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer from Switzerland. He currently races in the IDM Supersport 600 Championship aboard a Yamaha R6.
Career statistics
FIM CEV Moto2 European Championship
Races by year
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
By season
Races by year
References
External links
Profile on motogp.com
www.damien-raemy.com
1994 births
Swiss motorcycle racers
Living people
125cc World Championship riders
Sportspeople from the canton of Fribourg |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chung%E2%80%93Fuchs%20theorem | In mathematics, the Chung–Fuchs theorem, named after Chung Kai-lai and Wolfgang Heinrich Johannes Fuchs, states that for a particle undergoing a random walk in m-dimensions, it is certain to come back infinitely often to any neighborhood of the origin on a one-dimensional line (m = 1) or two-dimensional plane (m = 2), but in three or more dimensional spaces it will leave to infinity.
Specifically, if a position of the particle is described by the vector :
where are independent m-dimensional vectors with a given multivariate distribution,
then if , and , or if and ,
the following holds:
However, for ,
References
.
"On the distribution of values of sums of random variables" Chung, K.L. and Fuchs, W.H.J. Mem. Amer. Math. Soc. 1951 no.6, 12pp
Eponymous theorems of physics |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farid%20Badrul | Muhammad Farid Badrul Hisham is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer from Malaysia.
Career statistics
2015- 18th, Asia Road Race SS600
Championship #83 Kawasaki ZX-6R
2014- 20th, Asia Road Race SS600 Championship #83 Kawasaki ZX-6R
2013- 30th, Asia Road Race SS600 Championship #93 Yamaha YZF-R6
2012- 13th, Asia Road Race SS600 Championship #93 Yamaha YZF-R6
2011- 44th, British National Superstock 600 Championship #93 Kawasaki ZX-6R
By season
Races by year
(key)
References
External links
Profile on motogp.com
Living people
1993 births
Malaysian motorcycle racers
125cc World Championship riders |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A9vin%20Szala%C3%AF | Kevin Szalai is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer from France.
Career statistics
By season
Races by year
(key)
References
External links
Profile on motogp.com
1992 births
French motorcycle racers
Living people
125cc World Championship riders
People from Forbach
Sportspeople from Moselle (department) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felix%20Forstenh%C3%A4usler | Felix Forstenhäusler is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer from Germany.
Career statistics
By season
Races by year
(key)
References
External links
Profile on motogp.com
1992 births
Living people
German motorcycle racers
125cc World Championship riders
People from Weingarten, Württemberg
Sportspeople from Tübingen (region) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A9vin%20Thobois | Kévin Thobois (born 20 February 1992 in Izier) is a French Grand Prix motorcycle racer.
Career statistics
By season
Races by year
(key)
References
External links
Profile on motogp.com
French motorcycle racers
Living people
125cc World Championship riders
1992 births |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry%20van%20de%20Bunt | Jerry van de Bunt is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer from the Netherlands. He races in the European Supermono Cup aboard a Raha.
Career statistics
FIM CEV Moto3 Junior World Championship
Races by year
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position, races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
By season
Races by year
References
External links
Profile on motogp.com
Living people
1992 births
Dutch motorcycle racers
125cc World Championship riders
21st-century Dutch people |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicky%20Diles | Nicky Diles is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer from Australia.
Career statistics
By season
Races by year
(key)
References
External links
Profile on motogp.com
1992 births
Australian motorcycle racers
Living people
125cc World Championship riders |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jun%20Ohnishi | Jun Ohnishi is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer from Japan.
Career statistics
By season
Races by year
(key)
References
External links
Profile on motogp.com
Japanese motorcycle racers
Living people
125cc World Championship riders
Year of birth missing (living people) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doug%20Ammons | Doug Ammons (born March 14, 1957) is an adventurer and is best known for his kayaking expeditions. He has degrees in mathematics, physics, and a masters and PhD in psychology from University of Montana. He is also a classical guitarist, black-belt martial artist, an author, philosopher and worked for many years as an editor for two academic journals of psychology Psychological Reports and Perceptual and Motor Skills.
Early years
Doug Ammons was born in Missoula, Montana, to Robert B. Ammons and Carol H. Ammons. He grew up surrounded by family and knowledge. Both of his parents have degrees in psychology, his father being a professor at the University of Montana. When he was in his adolescent years, his father would put together science projects for Doug and his siblings to work on, it "taught them to have open and investigative minds". Their father's assigned projects led the Ammons kids' to several places, like the backcountry of Yellowstone National Park, Coppermine on the Arctic coast, the desert of Oregon, and the Columbia River Gorge. Doug Ammons and his siblings would also hike, backpack, swim and share their experiences together thru poetry.
From an early age, Ammons was comfortable in the water; he was paddling lakes and easy local rivers in folding kayaks. He learned to conquer both its currents and depths by becoming scuba certified at the age of 12. Ammons also was a competitive swimmer, making it to nationals several times in high school and then competing in college on the varsity Grizzly team.
Kayaker
Doug Ammons was around 24 when he really started to pick up kayaking. However, he played classical guitar every chance he could before he got into kayaking. "I was looking for a different kind of music to play, and I found it in the current and flowing water," said Doug in an interview with Ben Friberg for Steep Creeks about why classical guitar playing led him to kayaking. Ammons was also very inspired by Rob Lesser paddling the Grand Canyon of the Stikine in 1981.
For over 25 years, Doug Ammons has been a world class kayaker. He has accomplished many first descents, from the western states of Montana, Wyoming, and Idaho. Ammons also has travelled to many different areas for paddling, like Mexico, the Himalayas, South America, and Canada. Doug Ammons enjoys soloing rivers. In answer to a question asked by Ben Friberg about soloing, Ammons responded saying, "The interesting thing is, I'm sure that nearly all serious paddlers solo at some point, mostly because it provides a truly rewarding sense of intimacy with a river". The rivers he solos do not consist of just class III; he solos class V, deep gorges where paddlers need to be on top of their game for a successful trip. One river in particular that Doug Ammons soloed was the Grand Canyon of the Stikine. He was part of the second descent in 1990 but then decided he would solo it two years later. Ammons comments later in an interview with the Missoulian, saying, "I tried t |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20Weddle | Thomas Weddle (30 November 1817 Stamfordham, Northumberland – 4 December 1853 Bagshot) was a mathematician who introduced the Weddle surface. He was mathematics professor at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst.
Weddle's Rule is a method of integration, the Newton–Cotes formula with N=6.
References
19th-century English mathematicians
Academics of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst
1817 births
1853 deaths |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bring%27s%20curve | In mathematics, Bring's curve (also called Bring's surface and, by analogy with the Klein quartic, the Bring sextic) is the curve in cut out by the homogeneous equations
It was named by after Erland Samuel Bring who studied a similar construction in 1786 in a Promotionschrift submitted to the University of Lund. Note that the roots xi of the Bring quintic satisfies Bring's curve since for
The automorphism group of the curve is the symmetric group S5 of order 120, given by permutations of the 5 coordinates. This is the largest possible automorphism group of a genus 4 complex curve.
The curve can be realized as a triple cover of the sphere branched in 12 points, and is the Riemann surface associated to the small stellated dodecahedron. It has genus 4. The full group of symmetries (including reflections) is the direct product , which has order 240.
Fundamental domain and systole
Bring's curve can be obtained as a Riemann surface by associating sides of a hyperbolic icosagon (see fundamental polygon). The identification pattern is given in the adjoining diagram. The icosagon (of area , by the Gauss-Bonnet theorem) can be tessellated by 240 (2,4,5) triangles. The actions that transport one of these triangles to another give the full group of automorphisms of the surface (including reflections). Discounting reflections, we get the 120 automorphisms mentioned in the introduction. Note that 120 is less than 252, the maximum number of orientation preserving automorphisms allowed for a genus 4 surface, by Hurwitz's automorphism theorem. Therefore, Bring's surface is not a Hurwitz surface. This also tells us that there does not exist a Hurwitz surface of genus 4.
The full group of symmetries has the following presentation:
,
where is the identity action, is a rotation of order 5 about the centre of the fundamental polygon, is a rotation of order 2 at the vertex where 4 (2,4,5) triangles meet in the tessellation, and is reflection in the real line. From this presentation, information about the linear representation theory of the symmetry group of Bring's surface can be computed using GAP. In particular, the group has four 1 dimensional, four 4 dimensional, four 5 dimensional, and two 6 dimensional irreducible representations, and we have
as expected.
The systole of the surface has length
and multiplicity 20, a geodesic loop of that length consisting of the concatenated altitudes of twelve of the 240 (2,4,5) triangles.
Similarly to the Klein quartic, Bring's surface does not maximize the systole length among compact Riemann surfaces in its topological category (that is, surfaces having the same genus) despite maximizing the size of the automorphism group. The systole is presumably maximized by the surface referred to a M4 in . The systole length of M4 is
and has multiplicity 36.
Spectral theory
Little is known about the spectral theory of Bring's surface, however, it could potentially be of interest in this field. The Bolza surfac |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012%20%C3%85tvidabergs%20FF%20season | In 2012 Åtvidabergs FF will compete in Allsvenskan and Svenska Cupen.
2012 season squad
Statistics prior to season start only
Transfers
In
Out
Appearances and goals
As of 17 July 2012
|}
Matches
Pre-season/friendlies
Allsvenskan
Competitions
Allsvenskan
Standings
Results summary
Results by round
Season statistics
Superettan
= Number of bookings
= Number of sending offs after a second yellow card
= Number of sending offs by a direct red card
Svenska cupen
References
Footnotes
References
External links
Åtvidabergs FF homepage
SvFF homepage
Åtvidabergs FF seasons
Atvidaberg |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiman%27s%20sextic | In mathematics, Wiman's sextic is a degree 6 plane curve with four nodes studied by .
It is given by the equation (in homogeneous coordinates)
Its normalization is a genus 6 curve with automorphism group isomorphic to the symmetric group S5.
References
Sextic curves |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin%20Broberg | Erik Martin Broberg (born 24 September 1990) is a Swedish footballer who plays for Örebro SK as a midfielder.
Career statistics
References
External links
(archive)
1990 births
Living people
Men's association football midfielders
Djurgårdens IF Fotboll players
Allsvenskan players
Superettan players
Ettan Fotboll players
Eliteserien players
Odds BK players
Swedish men's footballers
Swedish expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Norway
Swedish expatriate sportspeople in Norway
Norwegian Second Division players
Örebro SK players
People from Karlskoga Municipality
Sportspeople from Örebro County |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yannick%20Guerra | Yannick Guerra Dorribo (born 16 August 1988) is a Spanish motorcycle racer.
Career statistics
Supersport World Championship
Races by year
(key)
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
By season
Races by year
(key)
References
External links
Living people
1988 births
Spanish motorcycle racers
Moto2 World Championship riders
Supersport World Championship riders |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amadeo%20Llad%C3%B3s | Amadeo Lladós Sánchez–Toscano is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer from Spain.
Career statistics
By season
Races by year
References
External links
Spanish motorcycle racers
Living people
1991 births
Moto2 World Championship riders |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom%20Hatton%20%28motorcyclist%29 | Tom Hatton (born 12 November 1986 in Birmingham, England) is an Australian motorcycle racer. He has appeared in the 125cc World Championship as a wild card rider.
Career statistics
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
By season
Races by year
(key)
References
External links
Profile on MotoGP.com
1986 births
Living people
Australian motorcycle racers
125cc World Championship riders |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakub%20Jantul%C3%ADk | Jakub Jantulík (born 3 September 1994 in Čadca) is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer from Slovakia.
Career statistics
By season
Races by year
(key)
References
External links
Profile on motogp.com
1994 births
Living people
Slovak motorcycle racers
125cc World Championship riders
People from Čadca
Sportspeople from the Žilina Region |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joachim%20Weickert | Joachim Weickert (born 15 March 1965 in Ludwigshafen) is a German professor of mathematics and computer science at Saarland University. In 2010, Weickert was awarded the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize for his work in image processing.
Weickert did his undergraduate studies at the University of Kaiserslautern and then stayed there as a graduate student, earning his doctorate in mathematics in 1996 under the supervision of Helmut Neunzert; his dissertation was titled Anisotropic Diffusion in Image Processing. After taking postdoctoral research positions at the University of Utrecht and the University of Copenhagen, he became an assistant professor at the University of Mannheim, and earned a habilitation degree there in 2001. In the same year, he took a faculty position as a full professor at Saarland University.
References
External links
1965 births
Living people
20th-century German mathematicians
German computer scientists
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize winners
Technical University of Kaiserslautern alumni
Academic staff of the University of Mannheim
Academic staff of Saarland University
People from Ludwigshafen
21st-century German mathematicians |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riccardo%20Moretti | Riccardo Moretti (born 18 January 1985) is an Italian motorcycle racer. He won the Italian Honda RS125GP Trophy in 2007 and the Italian CIV 125 championship in 2009.
Career statistics
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
By season
Races by year
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position, races in italics indicate fastest lap)
References
External links
Italian motorcycle racers
Living people
People from Lugo, Emilia-Romagna
125cc World Championship riders
Moto3 World Championship riders
1985 births
Sportspeople from the Province of Ravenna |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnny%20Rosell | Johnny Rosell Trallero is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer from Spain.
Career statistics
By season
Races by year
(key)
References
External links
Profile on motogp.com
Living people
1992 births
Spanish motorcycle racers
Motorcycle racers from Catalonia
125cc World Championship riders |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin%20Barbosa | Robin Barbosa is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer from France.
Career statistics
Red Bull MotoGP Rookies Cup
Races by year
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position, races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
By season
Races by year
(key)
References
External links
Profile on motogp.com
1993 births
French motorcycle racers
Living people
125cc World Championship riders |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro%20Pardo | Manuel Alejandro Pardo (born 9 September 1993) is an Italian motorcycle racer. In 2009 and 2010 he competed in the Red Bull MotoGP Rookies Cup.
Career statistics
Red Bull MotoGP Rookies Cup
Races by year
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position, races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
By season
Races by year
(key)
References
External links
Living people
1993 births
Italian motorcycle racers
125cc World Championship riders
Sportspeople from Barcelona |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quentin%20Jacquet | Quentin Jacquet is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer from France.
Career statistics
Red Bull MotoGP Rookies Cup
Races by year
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position, races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
By season
Races by year
(key)
References
External links
Profile on motogp.com
1991 births
French motorcycle racers
Living people
125cc World Championship riders |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levi%20Day | Levi Day is a motorcycle racer from Australia. He is currently racing in the Ducati TriOptions Cup aboard a Ducati 959.
Career statistics
2009- 6th, Australian 125 Championship #57 Honda RS125R
2010- Australian 125 Championship #57 Honda RS125R
2011- 14th, Australian Supersport Championship #57 Suzuki GSX-R600
2012- 6th, Australian Supersport Championship #57 Suzuki GSX-R600
2013- 9th, British National Superstock 600 Championship #57 Kawasaki ZX-6R
2014- 8th, British National Superstock 600 Championship #57 Kawasaki ZX-6R
2015- 20th, British Supersport Championship #57 Kawasaki ZX-6R
2016- 29th, British Supersport Championship #57 Kawasaki ZX-6R
2017- 3rd, Ducati TriOptions Cup #57 Ducati 848
2018- Ducati TirOptions Cup #57 Ducati 848
By season
Races by year
References
External links
Profile on motogp.com
1989 births
Living people
Australian motorcycle racers
125cc World Championship riders |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristian%20Lee%20Turner | Kristian Lee Turner is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer from United States.
Career statistics
Red Bull MotoGP Rookies Cup
Races by year
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position, races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
By season
Races by year
References
External links
Profile on motogp.com
1992 births
Living people
American motorcycle racers
125cc World Championship riders |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea%20Tou%C5%A1kov%C3%A1 | Andrea Toušková (born 26 September 1992) is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer from Czech Republic.
Career statistics
By season
Races by year
References
External links
Profile on motogp.com
Czech motorcycle racers
Living people
People from Děčín
1992 births
125cc World Championship riders
Female motorcycle racers
Czech sportswomen
Sportspeople from the Ústí nad Labem Region |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni%20Bonati%20%28motorcyclist%29 | Giovanni Bonati (born April 17, 1991 in Sarzana, La Spezia) is an Italian Grand Prix motorcycle racer.
Career statistics
By season
Races by year
References
External links
Profile on motogp.com
1991 births
Living people
Italian motorcycle racers
125cc World Championship riders
People from Sarzana
Sportspeople from the Province of La Spezia |
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