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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel%20Hern%C3%A1n
Miguel Hernán is a Spanish–American epidemiologist. He is the Director of the CAUSALab, Kolokotrones Professor of Biostatistics and Epidemiology at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, and Member of the Faculty at the Harvard–MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology. Hernán conducts research to learn what works to improve human health. Together with his collaborators from several countries, he designs analyses of healthcare databases, epidemiologic studies, and randomized trials. He is a Global Highly Cited Researcher. His free edX course Causal Diagrams has had over 50,000 registrations. His book Causal Inference: What If, co-authored with James Robins is also freely available online and widely used for the training of researchers. Hernán is Editor Emeritus of Epidemiology (journal) and past Associate Editor of Biometrics (journal), American Journal of Epidemiology, and the Journal of the American Statistical Association. He has been a special Government employee of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and has served on several committees of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine of the United States. Education Licenciado en Medicina, 1995, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain Master of Public Health (Quantitative Methods), 1996, Harvard University, USA Master of Science (Biostatistics), 1999, Harvard University, USA Doctor of Public Health (Epidemiology), 1999, Harvard University, USA Honors and awards Fellow, La Caixa Foundation, 1995–1997 Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), elected in 2012 MERIT Award, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, U.S. National Institutes of Health, 2018 Fellow, American Statistical Association, elected in 2019 2022 Alumni Prize, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 2022 Rousseeuw Prize for Statistics, King Baudouin Foundation, Belgium (jointly with James Robins, Thomas Richardson, Andrea Rotnitzky and Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen) Scientific articles Runner-up to Best Research Report, Health Research Training Program, New York City Department of Health, 1994 Kenneth Rothman Epidemiology Prize, Epidemiology (journal), 2005 (first author), 2021 (co-author) Top 10 Article of the Year, American Journal of Epidemiology, 2014, 2015, 2016 Award for Outstanding Research Article in Biosurveillance (Category: Impact on the field, 2nd prize), International Society for Disease Surveillance, 2016 Influential Paper, American Journal of Epidemiology Centennial: first author and co-author of 2 of 4 selected influential articles published in the first 100 years of the journal External links References 1970 births Living people Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health faculty American epidemiologists Biostatisticians Fellows of the American Statistical Association Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health alumni Autonomous University of Madrid alumni
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combinatorial%20Mathematics%20Society%20of%20Australasia
The Combinatorial Mathematics Society of Australasia (CMSA) is a professional society of mathematicians working in the field of combinatorics. It is the primary combinatorics society for Australasia, consisting of Australia, New Zealand and neighbouring countries. The CMSA existed as an informal group from 1972 until formal establishment in 1978. It became an incorporated association in 1996, and as of 2017, it has over 280 members including 110 life members. Membership and management The membership of the CMSA consists of four classes: ordinary members, honorary members, institutional members, and life members. The CMSA Council is responsible for all activities of the Society. It consists of a president, vice-president, immediate past president (if there is one), secretary, treasurer, and a number of other members elected by members of the CMSA at its Annual General Meeting. CMSA presidents Presidents of the CMSA are shown below. Anne Penfold Street (1997–98) Derek Holton (1999–2001) Nick Wormald (2002–03) Brendan McKay (2004) Paul Bonnington (2005–06) Ian Wanless (2007–09) Robert Aldred (2010) Catherine Greenhill (2011–13) Ian Wanless (2014) David Wood (2015–16) Sanming Zhou (2017) Jeanette McLeod (2018–20) Brendan McKay (2021) Activities The main activities of the CMSA are to publish the Australasian Journal of Combinatorics (AJC), and to oversee the organisation of the annual Australasian Conference on Combinatorial Mathematics and Combinatorial Computing (ACCMCC), and the ten-yearly International Combinatorics Conference (ICC). The CMSA also publishes an E-Newsletter in April, July, and October each year. Student support The CMSA strongly encourages student participation in its conferences. The CMSA Student Support Scheme provides travel support, and the CMSA Anne Penfold Street Student Prize (formerly called the CMSA Student Prize, 2001–16) is awarded annually for the best student talk. CMSA Medal The CMSA Medal is awarded at most every three years, to honour a member of the CMSA who has made outstanding and sustained contributions to combinatorics and to the Australasian combinatorics community. CMSA Medal recipients The following individuals have been awarded the CMSA Medal: Anne Penfold Street (1999) Derek Holton (2005) Jennifer Seberry (2008) Elizabeth Billington (2011) Brendan McKay (2014) References External links 1972 establishments in Australia Mathematical societies Scientific organizations established in 1972
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregory%20Gutin
Gregory Z. Gutin (born 17 January 1957) is a scholar in theoretical computer science and discrete mathematics. He received his PhD in Mathematics in 1993 from Tel Aviv University under the supervision of Noga Alon. Since September 2000 Gutin has been Professor in Computer Science at Royal Holloway, University of London. Gutin's research interests are in algorithms and complexity, access control, graph theory and combinatorial optimization. He co-authored with Joergen Bang-Jensen two editions of a monograph The first edition is available for free. The monograph has already attracted over 3100 citations in papers in such diverse areas as physics, biology, economics, ecology, meteorology and computer science. Gutin co-edited with Abraham Punnen the book Gutin also co-edited with Jørgen Bang-Jensen the book He has more than two hundred fifty papers and an estimated h-index of 41. Gutin was the recipient of the Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award in 2014, and the best paper awards at SACMAT 2015, 2016 and 2021. In January 2017 there was a workshop celebrating Gutin's 60th birthday. In 2017, he became a member of Academia Europaea. References External links British computer scientists Living people Tel Aviv University alumni British mathematicians 1957 births Israeli computer scientists Israeli mathematicians Members of Academia Europaea
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics%20and%20Mechanics%20of%20Complex%20Systems
Mathematics and Mechanics of Complex Systems (MEMOCS) is a half-yearly peer-reviewed scientific journal founded by the International Research Center for the Mathematics and Mechanics of Complex Systems (M&MoCS) from Università degli Studi dell'Aquila, in Italy. It is published by Mathematical Sciences Publishers, and first issued in February 2013. The co-chairs of the editorial board are Francesco dell'Isola and Gilles Francfort, and chair managing editor is Martin Ostoja-Starzewski. MEMOCS is indexed in Scopus, MathSciNet and Zentralblatt MATH. It is open access, free of author charges (being supported by grants from academic institutions), and available in both printed and electronic forms. Contents MEMOCS publishes articles from diverse scientific fields with a specific emphasis on mechanics. Its contents rely on the application or development of rigorous mathematical methods. The journal also publishes original research in related areas of mathematics of well-established applicability, such as variational methods, numerical methods, and optimization techniques, as well as papers focusing on and clarifying particular aspects of the history of mathematics and science. Among the contributors are Graeme Milton, Geoffrey Grimmett, David Steigmann, Mario Pulvirenti and Lucio Russo. References External links Editorial Board International Research Center on Mathematics and Mechanics of Complex Systems - M&MoCS Open access journals Mathematical Sciences Publishers academic journals Academic journals established in 2013 Mathematics journals Physics journals Engineering journals History of science journals English-language journals Biannual journals
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan%20Henrique
Alan Henrique Ferreira Bastos Soares (born 19 June 1991) is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a defender for Finnish club IFK Mariehamn. Career statistics Club References 1991 births Footballers from Belo Horizonte Living people Brazilian men's footballers Men's association football defenders Esporte Clube Vitória players Boa Esporte Clube players Duque de Caxias Futebol Clube players S.C. Beira-Mar players C.D. Nacional players Umm Salal SC players FC Inter Turku players Sriwijaya F.C. players Varzim S.C. players KF Bylis players IFK Mariehamn players FC Lahti players Campeonato Brasileiro Série B players Campeonato Brasileiro Série C players Liga Portugal 2 players Primeira Liga players Veikkausliiga players Liga 1 (Indonesia) players Kategoria Superiore players Brazilian expatriate men's footballers Expatriate men's footballers in Portugal Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Portugal Expatriate men's footballers in Qatar Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Qatar Expatriate men's footballers in Finland Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Finland Expatriate men's footballers in Indonesia Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Indonesia Expatriate men's footballers in Albania Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Albania Expatriate men's footballers in Guatemala Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Guatemala
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Tseng
George Chien-Cheng Tseng is a Biostatistician and Professor and Vice Chair for Research in the Department of Biostatistics (primary), Computational & Systems Biology (secondary) and Human Genetics (secondary) at University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health. Education Tseng studied Mathematics at Bachelor of Science (1997) and Master of Science (1999) level, both at the National Taiwan University. He gained his ScD in Biostatistics from Harvard University in 2003, under the supervision of Wing Hung Wong. Research Tseng is leading a research group of Bioinformatics and Statistical learning at University of Pittsburgh. His group focuses on developing Meta-analysis and Machine learning tools to analyze Omics data, which uses resampling methods and Bayesian statistics extensively. Tseng has developed Tight Clustering, a method for cluster genomics data with scattered genes, and Adaptively Weighted Fisher's method, a method for Meta-analysis of studywise p-values with both consensus and differential results. Awards and honours Tseng has been awarded a silver medal prize in International Mathematical Olympiad in 1993. He has been awarded Pittsburgh Statistician of the Year in 2017 by Pittsburgh Chapter of the American Statistics Association. He became a fellow of the American Statistical Association in 2017. He is selected as one of the recipients of the Provost's Award for Excellence in Mentoring at University of Pittsburgh in 2019. Personal life In 1995, Tseng was Baptized as a Christian in Taipei. He is married and resides in Pittsburgh with six children. References Taiwanese bioinformaticians Living people National Taiwan University alumni Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health alumni University of Pittsburgh faculty International Mathematical Olympiad participants Fellows of the American Statistical Association 1975 births
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne%20Penfold%20Street
Anne Penfold Street (1932–2016) was one of Australia's leading mathematicians, specialising in combinatorics. She was the third woman to become a mathematics professor in Australia, following Hanna Neumann and Cheryl Praeger. She was the author of several textbooks, and her work on sum-free sets became a standard reference for its subject matter. She helped found several important organizations in combinatorics, developed a researcher network, and supported young students with interest in mathematics. Early life and education Street was born on 11 October 1932 in Melbourne, the daughter of a medical researcher. She earned a bachelor's degree in chemistry from the University of Melbourne in 1954, while working there as a tutor in chemistry and also studying mathematics. She finished a master's degree in chemistry at Melbourne in 1956. During this time she married another Melbourne chemist, Norman Street, and in 1957 the Streets and their young daughter moved to the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign where Norman Street had a new job. At Illinois, Street took up mathematics again. After moving to Mildura and then returning to Urbana, she completed her doctorate at the University of Illinois in 1966, with a dissertation on group theory supervised by Michio Suzuki. Career After earning her doctorate, Street became a lecturer at the University of Queensland in 1967. While continuing to hold this position, she took a year of postdoctoral research at the University of Alberta, and on her return to Queensland in 1970 was promoted to senior lecturer, promoted again to reader in 1975, and given a personal chair as professor in 1985. At Queensland, she directed the Centre for Discrete Mathematics and Computing from its formation in 1998 until 2004. She has also held visiting positions at the University of Waterloo, University of Reading, University of Manitoba, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, University of Western Australia, Auburn University, and University of Canterbury. Service to mathematics Street became the founding editor-in-chief of the Australasian Journal of Combinatorics in 1990, and continued to serve as editor-in-chief until 2001. She helped found the Institute of Combinatorics and its Applications (ICA), became one of its founding fellows, and served as an editor of the Bulletin of the ICA from its founding in 1991 until 2014. She was president of the ICA from 1996 to 2002. She was the founding president of the Combinatorial Mathematics Society of Australasia, for the 1997–1998 term. She also served as President of the Australian Mathematical Olympiad Committee from 1996 to 2001. Awards and honours The Australian Mathematics Trust gave Street the 1994 Bernhard H. Neumann Award for excellence in mathematics enrichment. The University of Waterloo gave her an honorary doctorate in 1996. In 1999, the Combinatorial Mathematics Society of Australasia gave her their inaugural medal for outstanding service. She was named a Me
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katja%20Mayer
Katja Mayer (born 4 January 1968 in Augsburg) is a former German triathlete and Ironman winner (1999). Biography Mayer studied sports science and mathematics at the universities of Munich and Augsburg. In 1996, she graduated in mathematics and sports. In 1998, she began as a license holder for triathlon and cycling. Since 2003, she has also been an assistant professor at the University of Augsburg and a lecturer at the medical training center for physiotherapy. Since 1996 she has trained triathletes, runners, cyclists, mountain bikers, inline skaters and wheelchair users. In 1992 Mayer qualified for the first place at the world championship in Hawaii over the long distance (3.86 km swimming, 180.2 km cycling and 42.195 km of running) and won the amateur world title. In 1997, she came second in the ETU European Triathlon Long Distance Championship in Fredericia (Denmark), won Ironman Florida in 1999 and won numerous top placements at national and international triathlon and Ironman events. From 1994 to 2001 she was a member of the German national team in the triathlon. Mayer can record 35 successful Ironman competitions, including eight successful Ironman Hawaii competitions. In a total of twenty Ironman competitions, she was placed in the top 5. In the summer of 2003 Mayer and her companion Georg Braceschi got married, in November 2004 the couple got a son, three years later a daughter was born. Mayer is the owner of an event agency that organized events such as the Kuhsee-Triathlon in Augsburg, the Augsburger Stadtlauf and the Augsburg company run. Since 2014, she has also been responsible for the organization of the Munich city run, which is one of Germany's largest people with more than 20,000 participants. References 1968 births Living people German female triathletes Sportspeople from Augsburg Triathlon coaches
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vera%20W.%20de%20Spinadel
Vera Martha Winitzky de Spinadel (August 22, 1929 – January 26, 2017) was an Argentine mathematician. She was the first woman to gain a PhD in mathematics at the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, in 1958. Between 2010 and 2017, she was full Emeritus Professor in the Faculty of Architecture, Design and Urban Planning of the University of Buenos Aires. In 1995, she was named Director of the Centre of Mathematics and Design. In April 2005 she inaugurated the Laboratory of Mathematics & Design, University Campus in Buenos Aires. From 1998 to her death she was the President of the International Mathematics and Design Association, which organizes international congresses every 3 years and publishes a Journal of Mathematics & Design. She was the author of more than 10 books and published more than 100 research papers. Spinadel was a leader in the field of metallic mean and in the development of the classical Golden Ratio and got wide international recognition. Books From the Golden Mean to Chaos, Editorial Nueva Librería, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 260 pp. , 1998 The Metallic Means and Design, Nexus II: Architecture and Mathematics. Editor: Kim Williams. Edizioni dell’Erba, , 1998 Del Número de Oro al Caos. Editorial Nobuko S. A., , 2003 Geometría Fractal, in collaboration with Jorge G. Perera and Jorge H. Perera, with CD with Images. Editorial Nobuko S. A., , 2003 From the Golden Mean to Chaos, Editorial Nobuko S. A. , 2004 Geometría Fractal, with Jorge G. Perera & Jorge H. Perera, Editorial Nueva Librería, 2nd edition, , 2007 Cálculo Superior, 1st. Editorial Nueva Librería, , 2009. From the Golden Mean to Chaos, 3rd Edition, Editorial Nueva Librería, , Junio 2010. Forma y matemática: La familia de Números Metálicos en Diseño, 1st. Edition. Buenos Aires: Nobuko. Ediciones FADU, Serie Difusión 22. , 2011 Forma y matemática II: Fractales y forma, 1st. Edition. Buenos Aires: Nobuko. Ediciones FADU, Serie Difusión 24. , 2012 Papers "Sistemas Estructurados y Creatividad", Keynote Speaker Open Lecture for the International Mathematics & Design Conference MyD-95, October 23–27, 1995, FADU, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Proc. , 1996 "La familia de números metálicos en Diseño". Primer Seminario Nacional de Gráfica Digital, Sesión de Morfología y Matemática, FADU, UBA, 11-13 de junio de 1997. Volumen II, "On Characterization of the Onset to Chaos", Chaos, Solitons and Fractals 8 (10): 1631–1643, 1997 "New Smarandache sequences", Proceedings of the First International Conference on Smarandache type Notions in Number Theory, ed. C. Dumitrescu & V. Seleacu, University of Craiova, 21–24 August 1997, American Research Press, Lupton, , 1997, pp. 81–116 "Una nueva familia de números", Anales de la Sociedad Científica Argentina 228 ( 1): 101–107, 1998 "Triangulature in Andrea Palladio", Nexus Network Journal, Architecture and Mathematics on line "A new family of irrational numbers with curious properties", Humanistic Mathematics Network Journal 19: 33–37,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrid%20an%20Huef
Astrid an Huef is a German-born New Zealand mathematician who holds a professorship at Victoria University of Wellington. Until 2017, she held the Chair of Pure Mathematics at the University of Otago. Her research interests include functional analysis, operator algebras, and dynamical systems. She was the president of the New Zealand Mathematical Society for the 2016–2017 term. Education and career An Huef was born in Karlsruhe and lived in New Zealand for two years as a teenager before moving to Australia in 1985. Because of the disruption to her education caused by these international moves, she was advised not to take higher mathematics in high school, but did so anyway. She began her undergraduate studies in computer science at the University of Newcastle, but ended up doing a double degree, with honours in mathematics. While there, she met Dartmouth College professor Dana Williams, who became her doctoral advisor at Dartmouth beginning in 1994. She completed her doctorate in 1999. She took a tenure track position at the University of Denver, and then worked at the University of New South Wales for eight years, before being given the chair at Otago in 2008. She currently coordinates the Women in Mathematics community of the New Zealand Mathematical Society. In 2019, An Huef was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of New Zealand. References Year of birth missing (living people) Living people Scientists from Karlsruhe University of Newcastle (Australia) alumni Dartmouth College alumni University of Denver faculty Academic staff of the University of New South Wales Academic staff of the University of Otago 20th-century New Zealand mathematicians 21st-century New Zealand mathematicians German emigrants to New Zealand 20th-century women mathematicians 21st-century women mathematicians Fellows of the Royal Society of New Zealand New Zealand women mathematicians
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matongo
Matongo (Tarime) is a ward in the Tarime District of the Mara Region of Tanzania, East Africa. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 21,160 people in the ward, from 19,176 in 2012. Villages / neighborhoods The ward has 4 villages and 30 hamlets. Nyangoto Botanga Kegonga A Kegonga B Kemagutu Kenyangi Kwinyunyi Masangora Nyabibago Nyamerama Senta shule Nyabichune Kemachale Komaware Kwimange Masinki Nyabichune Nyarero Mjini Kati Kebamonche Mjini Kati Mlimani Nyabikondo Nyankuru Sungusungu Matongo Botanga Kemagutu Kenyangi Kwinyunyi Masangora Nyabibago Nyamerama Senta shule References Tarime District Mara Region
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbogi
Mbogi is a ward in Tarime District, Mara Region of northern Tanzania, East Africa. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 8,964 people in the ward, from 8,124 in 2012. Villages / neighborhoods The ward has 3 villages and 19 hamlets. Nyabitocho Getaigoro Gokebose Mbogi Nyabinembu Nyabitocho Stend Borega "B" Borega Senta Kenyabwegenye Kogaini Kubiritoho Mugoyega Renyamwarya Getenga Getenga Kebeyo Kitagutiti Masurura Nyamemba Nyarogatai Rooko References Tarime District Mara Region
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie%20Woo
Edward Kent Woo is an Australian secondary school teacher and writer best known for his online mathematics lessons published on YouTube. In 2018, Woo was awarded the Australia's Local Hero Award. Early life Woo's ethnic Chinese parents migrated to Australia from Malaysia around 1970 for better education opportunities for their children. He has an older brother, who works in IT, and an older sister, who is a dentist. Woo studied at the James Ruse Agricultural High School in Sydney and completed his Higher School Certificate in 2003, placing in the top band for Mathematics Extension 1 and English Extension 2. He earned his Bachelor of Education (Honours) in Secondary Mathematics and Information Technology from the University of Sydney in 2008. Career Woo started his career with a brief stint as a technology teacher at the Fort Street High School in 2007, before moving to James Ruse Agricultural High School where in 2008 he held the position of Teacher Mathematics and Technology. He stayed until 2013 before becoming Head Teacher of Mathematics at Cherrybrook Technology High School. Woo remains there as a classroom teacher, but also serves as a mathematics curriculum leader for the NSW Department of Education. As of 2018, he has taught mathematics for over 10 years. He began filming his class in 2012 when recording a lesson for a sick student. His YouTube channel has over 1.74 million subscribers and more than 156.57 million views worldwide as of July 2023. In 2018, Woo hosted a show called Teenage Boss on the ABC, which gave teens control of their family's financial decisions for a month. In June 2018, Woo delivered a TEDx Talk titled "Mathematics is the sense you never knew you had". Woo has published two books. The first, entitled Woo's Wonderful World of Maths, was published on 25 September 2018. It addresses questions like "Why are rainbows curved?" and "Why aren't left-handers extinct?", with the answer being: maths, and that maths is all about patterns and the universe is extraordinarily patterned. The second, Eddie Woo's Magical Maths, is a children's activity book. In September 2022, Woo co-hosted high-school television series Ultimate Classroom alongside Stephanie Bendixsen, an educational STEM competition sponsored by the Australian Defence Force. Awards In October 2015, Woo was a joint recipient of the NSW Premier's Prize for Innovation in Science and Mathematics Education. He was one of ten teachers to win the inaugural Choose Maths Awards on 26 August 2016. In April 2017, Woo won the 2017 University of Sydney Young Alumni Award for Outstanding Achievement. In March 2017, he was one of 12 Australian teachers to win a Commonwealth Bank Teaching Award, a prestigious national awards event co-presented each year by the Commonwealth Bank and education charity Schools Plus. In November 2017, he was named 2018 NSW Local Hero. Woo gave the Australia Day Address in NSW in 2018, the first time a teacher has done so. On 25 January 2018
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muriba
Muriba is a ward in Tarime District, Mara Region of northern Tanzania, East Africa. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 11,985 people in the ward, from 10,861 in 2012. Villages / neighborhoods The ward has 4 villages and 19 hamlets. Muriba Biasinda Kebose Keryoba Kumwika Kumwika Senta Tagare Isarara Mekoma Muriba Rechuma Tagare Bungurere Bugucha Bungurere Senta Ikoro Kebononari Kogesangora Kobori Gukinisya Kobori Senta Kwiriba Nyantare References Tarime District Mara Region
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwema
Mwema(Tarime) is a ward in Tarime District, Mara Region of northern Tanzania, East Africa. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 11,260 people in the ward, from 10,204 in 2012. Villages / neighborhoods The ward has 4 villages and 19 hamlets. Korotambe Kokeregeya Mwema Nyabichune Nyamusi Senta Wakulima Nyakangara Gwikongore Nchoke Renyankomo Nyamohonda Ibokoho Kokebabe Kwigenge Nyambega Nyamohonda Kubiterere Mlimani Nyakunguru Nyambache Nyansine Senta References Tarime District Mara Region
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hopf%20decomposition
In mathematics, the Hopf decomposition, named after Eberhard Hopf, gives a canonical decomposition of a measure space (X, μ) with respect to an invertible non-singular transformation T:X→X, i.e. a transformation which with its inverse is measurable and carries null sets onto null sets. Up to null sets, X can be written as a disjoint union C ∐ D of T-invariant sets where the action of T on C is conservative and the action of T on D is dissipative. Thus, if τ is the automorphism of A = L∞(X) induced by T, there is a unique τ-invariant projection p in A such that pA is conservative and (I–p)A is dissipative. Definitions Wandering sets and dissipative actions. A measurable subset W of X is wandering if its characteristic function q = χW in A = L∞(X) satisfies qτn(q) = 0 for all n; thus, up to null sets, the translates Tn(W) are pairwise disjoint. An action is called dissipative if X = ∐ Tn(W) a.e. for some wandering set W. Conservative actions. If X has no wandering subsets of positive measure, the action is said to be conservative. Incompressible actions. An action is said to be incompressible if whenever a measurable subset Z satisfies T(Z) ⊆ Z then has measure zero. Thus if q = χZ and τ(q) ≤ q, then τ(q) = q a.e. Recurrent actions. An action T is said to be recurrent if q ≤ τ(q) ∨ τ2(q) ∨ τ3(q) ∨ ... a.e. for any q = χY. Infinitely recurrent actions. An action T is said to be infinitely recurrent if q ≤ τm (q) ∨ τm + 1(q) ∨ τm+2(q) ∨ ... a.e. for any q = χY and any m ≥ 1. Recurrence theorem Theorem. If T is an invertible transformation on a measure space (X,μ) preserving null sets, then the following conditions are equivalent on T (or its inverse): T is conservative; T is recurrent; T is infinitely recurrent; T is incompressible. Since T is dissipative if and only if T−1 is dissipative, it follows that T is conservative if and only if T−1 is conservative. If T is conservative, then r = q ∧ (τ(q) ∨ τ2(q) ∨ τ3(q) ∨ ⋅⋅⋅)⊥ = q ∧ τ(1 - q) ∧ τ2(1 -q) ∧ τ3(q) ∧ ... is wandering so that if q < 1, necessarily r = 0. Hence q ≤ τ(q) ∨ τ2(q) ∨ τ3(q) ∨ ⋅⋅⋅, so that T is recurrent. If T is recurrent, then q ≤ τ(q) ∨ τ2(q) ∨ τ3(q) ∨ ⋅⋅⋅ Now assume by induction that q ≤ τk(q) ∨ τk+1(q) ∨ ⋅⋅⋅. Then τk(q) ≤ τk+1(q) ∨ τk+2(q) ∨ ⋅⋅⋅ ≤ . Hence q ≤ τk+1(q) ∨ τk+2(q) ∨ ⋅⋅⋅. So the result holds for k+1 and thus T is infinitely recurrent. Conversely by definition an infinitely recurrent transformation is recurrent. Now suppose that T is recurrent. To show that T is incompressible it must be shown that, if τ(q) ≤ q, then τ(q) ≤ q. In fact in this case τn(q) is a decreasing sequence. But by recurrence, q ≤ τ(q) ∨ τ2(q) ∨ τ3(q) ∨ ⋅⋅⋅ , so q ≤ τ(q) and hence q = τ(q). Finally suppose that T is incompressible. If T is not conservative there is a p ≠ 0 in A with the τn(p) disjoint (orthogonal). But then q = p ⊕ τ(p) ⊕ τ2(p) ⊕ ⋅⋅⋅ satisfies τ(q) < q with , contradicting incompressibility. So T is conservative. Hopf decomposition Theorem. If T is an invertible t
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myo%20Thein%20Gyi
Myo Thein Gyi (; born 2 September 1965) is the former Minister for Education of Myanmar. He previously served as Professor of Mathematics Department, Dagon University, Director General of Department of Myanmar Education Research and Rector of West Yangon University. He became Minister of Education after Aung San Suu Kyi on 6 April 2016. During the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état on 1 February, Myo Thein Gyi was placed under house arrest by the Myanmar Armed Forces. Degrees He received M.Sc (Mathematics) from University of Yangon in 1992, Dr.rer.nat. (Mathematics) from Technical University of Berlin, Germany in 1998. He also received Diploma in Education Management from Yangon University of Economics in 2002. Career life References Government ministers of Myanmar Education ministers 1965 births Living people Politicians from Yangon University of Yangon alumni Technical University of Berlin alumni Education ministers of Myanmar
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jantje%20Visscher
Jantje Visscher is an American mixed-media artist and teacher. Her work involves painting, printmaking, photography, and sculpture. Visscher uses geometry and mathematics to explore the dynamics of perception and optical effects through the use of nontraditional mixed media. She lives and works in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and is active in the Women's Art Resources of Minnesota Mentor Program and the Traffic Zone Center for Visual Art. Visscher is best known for hard-edge abstraction and minimalism within her scientific approach and exploration of perception and mathematics. Early life and education Jantje Visscher graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in Political Science from Antioch College in Yellow Springs, Ohio. She later earned her M.F.A in Fine Arts, Painting, and Printmaking from the University of California Berkeley in 1962. After graduate school, Visscher returned to Minnesota to take care of her family. In 1973, she connected to other female artists in Minnesota and helped found WARM. Groups and Collectives WARM (Women's Art Resource of Minnesota) Visscher is one of the founding members of WARM, a feminist artist collective based in Minnesota. The collective became an important aspect of Visscher's practice and career She now serves as a mentor in WARM's Mentor Program, which pairs emerging artists with professional artists. Her philosophy as a mentor includes the constant revision of goals and refocusing one's daily life and artistic practices. She strives to help protegees develop basic career skills like marketing, drawing, and Photoshop, to help them become successful practicing artists. As a mentor, Visscher encourages philosophical discussion, the refinement of technical skills, and a regular schedule for creating art. Visscher mentored Maryellen Murphy from 2013 to 2014 as a part of the program, as well as Kate Vinson from 2015 to 2016, participating in the final capstone exhibitions associated with the program. She exhibited her piece, Capital in the final exhibition Landing and Launching in 2016, and exhibited Making Your Wings in the 2014 final exhibition Beyond the Surface. Traffic Zone Center for Visual Art Visscher is also one of the founding members of Traffic Zone Center for Visual Arts, which provides high-quality and affordable studio spaces for artists. Visscher has also exhibited her work through the Center, including in the 22nd Annual Spring Open Studio and a solo show, Motion, both in 2017. Motion featured collaged prints that display her fascination with the “constant motion of everything in the universe”. Artistic Style Visscher uses various techniques and processes to achieve nonobjective representations. Her style emerged by using geometric principles to create intuitive expression through repetition, limited color palettes, and grids. Visscher introduces a shifting relationship between figure and ground, as her experimental constructions invite various perceptions and illusions from viewers. Her work is r
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1955%E2%80%9356%20FK%20Partizan%20season
The 1955–56 season was the tenth season in FK Partizan's existence. This article shows player statistics and matches that the club played during the 1955–56 season. Players Squad information Friendlies Competitions Yugoslav First League Yugoslav Cup European Cup First round Quarter-finals Mitropa Cup Quarter-finals Semi-finals Statistics Goalscorers This includes all competitive matches. Score overview See also List of FK Partizan seasons External links Official website Partizanopedia 1955-56 (in Serbian) FK Partizan seasons Partizan
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryu%E2%80%93Takayanagi%20conjecture
The Ryu–Takayanagi conjecture is a conjecture within holography that posits a quantitative relationship between the entanglement entropy of a conformal field theory and the geometry of an associated anti-de Sitter spacetime. The formula characterizes "holographic screens" in the bulk; that is, it specifies which regions of the bulk geometry are "responsible to particular information in the dual CFT". The conjecture is named after and , who jointly published the result in 2006. As a result, the authors were awarded the 2015 New Horizons in Physics Prize for "fundamental ideas about entropy in quantum field theory and quantum gravity". The formula was generalized to a covariant form in 2007. Motivation The thermodynamics of black holes suggests certain relationships between the entropy of black holes and their geometry. Specifically, the Bekenstein–Hawking area formula conjectures that the entropy of a black hole is proportional to its surface area: The Bekenstein–Hawking entropy is a measure of the information lost to external observers due to the presence of the horizon. The horizon of the black hole acts as a "screen" distinguishing one region of the spacetime (in this case the exterior of the black hole) that is not affected by another region (in this case the interior). The Bekenstein–Hawking area law states that the area of this surface is proportional to the entropy of the information lost behind it. The Bekenstein–Hawking entropy is a statement about the gravitational entropy of a system; however, there is another type of entropy that is important in quantum information theory, namely the entanglement (or von Neumann) entropy. This form of entropy provides a measure of how far from a pure state a given quantum state is, or, equivalently, how entangled it is. The entanglement entropy is a useful concept in many areas, such as in condensed matter physics and quantum many-body systems. Given its use, and its suggestive similarity to the Bekenstein–Hawking entropy, it is desirable to have a holographic description of entanglement entropy in terms of gravity. Holographic preliminaries The holographic principle states that gravitational theories in a given dimension are dual to a gauge theory in one lower dimension. The AdS/CFT correspondence is one example of such duality. Here, the field theory is defined on a fixed background and is equivalent to a quantum gravitational theory whose different states each correspond to a possible spacetime geometry. The conformal field theory is often viewed as living on the boundary of the higher dimensional space whose gravitational theory it defines. The result of such a duality is a dictionary between the two equivalent descriptions. For example, in a CFT defined on dimensional Minkowski space the vacuum state corresponds to pure AdS space, whereas the thermal state corresponds to a planar black hole. Important for the present discussion is that the thermal state of a CFT defined on the dimensiona
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1965%E2%80%9366%20FK%20Partizan%20season
The 1965–66 season was the 20th season in FK Partizan's existence. This article shows player statistics and matches that the club played during the 1965–66 season. Players Squad information (Captain) Friendlies Competitions Yugoslav First League Yugoslav Cup European Cup Preliminary round First round Quarter-finals Semi-finals Final |valign="top"| Statistics Goalscorers This includes all competitive matches. Score overview See also List of FK Partizan seasons References External links Official website Partizanopedia 1965-66 (in Serbian) FK Partizan seasons Partizan
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9%20Moya
José David Moya Rojas (born 7 August 1992) is a Colombian professional footballer who plays as a defender for Categoría Primera A club Independiente Santa Fe. Career statistics Club 1 Includes Superliga Colombiana References External links 1992 births Living people Colombian men's footballers Atlético Huila footballers Leones F.C. footballers Cortuluá footballers Independiente Santa Fe footballers Deportes Tolima footballers Categoría Primera A players Categoría Primera B players Men's association football defenders People from Huila Department
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando%20Meligeni%20career%20statistics
This is a list of the main career statistics of Brazilian tennis player, Fernando Meligeni. Records and career milestones Fernando 'Fino' Meligeni is one of the most successful Brazilian tennis players. He reached a career high of World no. 25 in October 1999 at singles and a career high World no. 34 in November 1997 at doubles. He won 10 ATP Tour titles, three in singles and seven in doubles. At the Summer Olympics in 1996, he reached the semi-finals, losing in the Bronze-medal match to Leander Paes, in what remains as the most successful run of Brazil in tennis at the Olympic Games. He won the gold medal at the 2003 Pan American Games, beating Marcelo Ríos in his final career match. Other career highlights include finishing inside the ATP rankings top-100 year-end for ten consecutive years, from 1993 to 2002 and 10 ATP Challenger titles (seven in singles and three in doubles). Career finals Olympic Games Singles: 1 (4th place) Pan American Games Singles: 1 (1 gold medal) ATP World Tour Singles: 6 (3 titles, 3 runner-ups) Doubles: 7 (7 titles) ATP Challenger Tour Singles: 13 (7 titles, 6 runner-ups) Doubles: 10 (3 titles, 7 runner-ups) Satellite tournaments Singles: 4 (2 titles, 2 runner-ups) Singles performance timeline 1The Masters Series included the Canada Masters and the Cincinnati Masters, but Meligeni never played in these tournaments. 2This event was held in Stockholm until 1994, Essen in 1995, Stuttgart from 1996 through 2001 and Madrid from 2002 on. Titles detail Notes: 1995: Defeated three seeded players, en route to title: Schaller (2nd), Costa (5th) and Ruud (6th). 1996: In terms of games played, this was the most difficult title for Meligeni: 120 games and three tiebreaks. 1998: Defeated top-10 Kafelnikov (6) in the quarterfinal match; first top-10 win of that year (defeated Kafelnikov again, in Gstaad). 2003: Final event of Meligeni's career. Entered the event with a bye into the second round. Only victory over Ríos as a professional player. Grand Slam singles seedings Record against top 10 players Meligeni's match record against those who have been ranked in the top 10, with those who have been No. 1 in bold (ATP Tour, Grand Slam and Davis Cup matches). Pete Sampras: 1–1 Andre Agassi: 0–5 Emilio Sánchez: 2–2 Wayne Ferreira: 0–2 Mikael Pernfors: 1–0 Mats Wilander: 1–3 Alberto Berasategui: 1–3 Goran Ivanišević: 0–3 Karel Nováček: 1–0 Àlex Corretja: 2–6 Thomas Muster: 0–4 Thomas Enqvist: 0–1 Carlos Costa: 2–2 Magnus Norman: 1–0 Guy Forget: 0–1 Jiří Novák: 0–5 Michael Chang: 1–2 Patrick Rafter: 2–1 Andrei Chesnokov: 1–1 Albert Costa: 2–2 Mark Philippoussis: 1–0 Sergi Bruguera: 1–2 Marcelo Ríos: 0–4 Gustavo Kuerten: 0–4 Karol Kučera: 3–0 Magnus Larsson: 1–1 Félix Mantilla: 1–5 Yevgeny Kafelnikov: 2–3 Andrei Medvedev: 1–3 Todd Martin: 0–3 Tommy Haas: 0–1 Magnus Gustafsson: 1–2 Greg Rusedski: 0–1 Nicolás Massú: 1–2 Marc Rosset: 3–0 Tim Henman: 1–1 Cédric Pioline: 3–2 Thom
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuseppe%20Santini
Giuseppe Santini (1735–1796) was an Italian abbot and a mathematician. Santini was born in Staffolo. He taught philosophy and mathematics at Collegio di Osimo. The Picenorum mathematicorum elogia is his most known work and provides useful information about the academic field status at the time. Works References 18th-century Italian mathematicians 1735 births 1796 deaths People from the Province of Ancona
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vern%20Paulsen
Vern Ival Paulsen (born 1951) is an American mathematician, focusing in operator theory, operator algebras, frame theory, C*-algebras, and quantum information theory. Education and career Paulsen studied mathematics at Western Michigan University, obtaining a BA in 1973. He then moved to University of Michigan and obtained his Ph.D. in mathematics under Carl Pearcy in 1977. He spent the following two years at University of Kansas as an instructor. Since 1979, he has been a faculty member in the Department of Mathematics at University of Houston. He was since 1996 the John and Rebecca Moores Professor at the University of Houston. In 2015, Paulsen moved to Canada and became a professor in the department of pure mathematics at the Institute for Quantum Computing and at the University of Waterloo. Bibliography See also Ronald G. Douglas References Living people University of Houston faculty 20th-century American mathematicians Academic staff of the University of Waterloo 21st-century American mathematicians Western Michigan University alumni University of Michigan alumni 1951 births Operator theorists
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin%20Bassler
Kevin E. Bassler is an American physicist, currently the John and Rebecca Moores Professor of Physics and Mathematics at the University of Houston. In 2014, Bassler was elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society "for seminal and sustained contributions to the understanding of the dynamics of complex systems, particularly concerning non-equilibrium phase transitions, emergent behavior, and dynamics in adaptive networks." References External links Year of birth missing (living people) Living people University of Houston faculty 21st-century American physicists Carnegie Mellon University alumni Fellows of the American Physical Society
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuri%20A.%20Kuznetsov
Yuri A. Kuznetsov is a Russian-American mathematician currently the M. D. Anderson Chair Professor of Mathematics at University of Houston and Editor-in-Chief of Journal of Numerical Mathematics. References Year of birth missing (living people) Living people University of Houston faculty Russian mathematicians American mathematicians
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diogo%20Oliveira%20%28footballer%2C%20born%201982%29
Diogo Ribeiro de Oliveira (born 7 January 1982) is a Brazilian footballer who currently plays as midfielder for Caxias. Career statistics References External links 1982 births Living people Brazilian men's footballers São Cristóvão de Futebol e Regatas players Rio Branco Football Club players Ceará Sporting Club players Rio Branco Sport Club players Associação Desportiva Cabofriense players Central Sport Club players Associação Cultural e Desportiva Potiguar players Ferroviário Atlético Clube (CE) players América Futebol Clube (RN) players Brusque Futebol Clube players Criciúma Esporte Clube players Associação Chapecoense de Futebol players Veranópolis Esporte Clube Recreativo e Cultural players Esporte Clube Juventude players Joinville Esporte Clube players Grêmio Esportivo Brasil players Paysandu Sport Club players Esporte Clube São Bento players Men's association football midfielders Footballers from Rio de Janeiro (city)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander%20Dranishnikov
Alexander Nikolaevich Dranishnikov (Александр Николаевич Дранишников, born 5 February 1958) is a Russian-American mathematician, focusing in geometry and topology, currently a Distinguished Professor at the University of Florida. In 1998 he was an Invited Speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Berlin. In 2012 he became one of the inaugural fellows of the American Mathematical Society. References External links Dranishnikov Alexander Nikolaevich, mathnet.ru 1958 births Living people University of Florida faculty Russian mathematicians 20th-century American mathematicians Fellows of the American Mathematical Society 21st-century American mathematicians
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Pennacchi
George Pennacchi is an economist currently the Bailey Memorial Chair of Finance at University of Illinois. Pennacchi received a Sc.B. degree in applied mathematics from Brown University and a Ph.D. in economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. References Year of birth missing (living people) Living people University of Illinois faculty MIT School of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences alumni Brown University alumni Financial economists
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pine%20Run%20%28Mill%20Creek%2C%20Neshaminy%20Creek%20tributary%29
Pine Creek is a tributary of Mill Creek, which, in turn, is a tributary of the Neshaminy Creek, part of the Delaware River watershed. Statistics Rising in Northampton Township, Pine Run flows in a southerly direction for about one-third its length before turning easterly, the finally southerly again to its confluence with Mill Creek at its 0.15 river mile. The watershed is about . Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection designation is 02520. US Geological Survey designation is 1183875. Geology Appalachian Highlands Division Piedmont Province Gettysburg-Newark Lowland Section Stockton Formation Pine Run lies within the Stockton Formation, a sedimentary layer of rock laid down during the Triassic. Mineralogy includes sandstone, arkosic sandstone, shale, siltstone, and mudstone. Municipalities Pine Run lies completely within Northampton Township. Crossings and bridges See also List of rivers of Pennsylvania List of rivers of the United States List of Delaware River tributaries References Rivers of Pennsylvania Rivers of Bucks County, Pennsylvania Tributaries of the Neshaminy Creek
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Crowley%20%28mathematician%29
James M. Crowley (born 19 February 1949) is an American mathematician currently at Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics and an Elected Fellow to the American Association for the Advancement of Science. After graduating with a bachelor's degree in mathematics from the College of the Holy Cross, Crowley graduated in 1972 with an M.S. from Virginia Tech. From 1972 to 1977 he was a mathematician working for the U. S. Air Force Foreign Technology Division. From 1977 to 1986 he was an associate professor at the U.S. Air Force Academy. At Brown University he studied from 1978 to 1981, graduating in 1982 with doctoral thesis Numerical Methods Of Parameter Identification For Problems Arising In Elasticity under the supervision of Harvey Thomas Banks. After another four years (from 1986 to 1990) of work for the U. S. Air Force, Crowley was a program manager at DARPA from 1992 to 1994. He then became the SIAM executive director and has continued in that post until the present. In 2012 he was elected a Fellow of the American Mathematical Society. References 1949 births Living people Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science Fellows of the American Mathematical Society 20th-century American mathematicians College of the Holy Cross alumni Virginia Tech alumni Brown University alumni United States Air Force Academy faculty
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucas%20Gamba
Lucas Emanuel Gamba (born 24 June 1987) is an Argentine footballer who plays for Central Córdoba. Career statistics References External links 1987 births Living people Argentine men's footballers Argentine expatriate men's footballers Argentine people of Italian descent Men's association football forwards Footballers from Mendoza, Argentina Argentino de Mendoza players Gimnasia y Tiro footballers Deportivo Maipú players Independiente Rivadavia footballers Unión de Santa Fe footballers Club Atlético Huracán footballers Rosario Central footballers L.D.U. Quito footballers Argentine Primera División players Ecuadorian Serie A players Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Ecuador Expatriate men's footballers in Ecuador
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Paulense%20DC%20records%20and%20statistics
Paulense Desportivo Clube is a Capeverdean football (soccer) club based in Pombas and serves the municipality of Paul. The club was founded in 1981 and played its first official competition in 1995. Paulense currently play in the Santo Antão North Premier Division and is a current participant in the 2017 Cape Verdean Football Championships. Since the addition of the regional 2013 Second Division, they have never been lower than the second tier. This list encompasses the records set by the club and its statistics. The club currently holds the record for the most Santo Antão North titles with 7. All stats accurate as the end of the 2017 regular season Records and statistics Best position: Semifinalist (national) Best position at cup competitions: 1st (regional) Best position at an opening tournament: 1st Appearances: National: 7 Regional Championships: 22 Appearances at cup competitions: National: Once, in 2012 Santo Antão Cup: 3 Regional: 13 Appearances at a Super Cup competition: Santo Antão South Zone: 5 Santo Antão: 2 Total matches played, National: 29 (regular season), 31 (with playoffs) Total matches played at home: 14 Total matches played away: 16 (17 with a match awarded) Total wins: 8 (national) Total wins at home: 4 Total wins away: 4 Total draws: 7 (national) Total draws at home: 4 Total draws away: 3 Total goals scored: 30 (national) Total points: 18 (national) Highest number of goals scored in a season: 7 (national), in 2005 Highest number of points in a season: 10 (national), in 2015 Highest number of wins in a season: 3 (national), on 2015 Longest winning streak: 10 (March 28, 2014-March 28, 2015) Most games without a loss at the Regional Championships: 13 (February 16, 2014-March 28, 2015) Most games without a loss at home at the Regional Championships: 6 (February 16, 2014-March 28, 2015) Most games without a loss away at the Regional Championships: 17 (since mid-2013) Worst position: 6th place (regional) Lowest number of goals scored in a season: 3 (national), in 2004 and in 2013 Lowest number of points in a season: 3 (national), three seasons Lowest number of wins in a season: 0 (national), in 2017 Highest number of goals conceded in a season: 21 (regional), in 2018 Highest number of matches lost in a season: 8, in 2018 Total losses: 14 (national) Total goals conceded: 42 (national) Worst defeat at the National Championships: Académico do Aeroporto 6-0 Paulense, 29 May 2004 Other: Appearance at the Mindelo Cup: Once, in 2016 National championship record by opponent Paulense DC's first team has competed in a number of regionally and nationally contested leagues, and its national tier record against each club faced in these competitions is listed below. The team that Paulense has met most in national championships competition are Académica do Porto Novo and Académica Operária whom they have contested 3 matches each before the start of the current 2017 season. Académica do Sal and Sal Rei have also defeated Paulense in lea
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arul%20Shankar
Arul Shankar is an Indian mathematician at the University of Toronto specializing in number theory, particularly arithmetic statistics. Education He received his B.Sc. (honours) in mathematics and computer science from Chennai Mathematical Institute in 2007. He obtained his PhD from Princeton University in 2012 under Manjul Bhargava. Shankar is known for his work, with Bhargava, establishing unconditionally that the average rank of elliptic curves is bounded when ordered by naive height by and respectively. In 2018 he was awarded a Sloan Research Fellowship, one of the most prestigious early career research fellowships available to mathematicians. References External links Arul Shankar Indian number theorists Academic staff of the University of Toronto
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark%20Berliner
Lloyd Mark Berliner (born 1951) is an American statistician interested in Bayesian analysis in complex settings and geophysical problems, and formerly Bayesian statistics, decision theory and Bayesian analysis. He is a professor emeritus in residence at Ohio State University and an Elected Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Statistical Association, and Institute of Mathematical Statistics. References Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science American statisticians 1951 births Living people Ohio State University faculty
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20T.%20Gosling
John T. Gosling (July 10, 1938 – May 10, 2018) was an American physicist, whose research in heliophysics focused on the large-scale structure and magnetic topology of the solar wind, coronal mass ejections, solar wind and geomagnetic disturbances, magnetic reconnection, collisionless shocks, and particle acceleration in space. Gosling most recently performed research at University of Colorado and was an Elected Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Gosling was awarded the John Adam Fleming Medal at the AGU Spring Meeting Honors Ceremony, which was held on June 2, 2000, in Washington, D.C. The medal recognizes original research and technical leadership in geomagnetism, atmospheric electricity, aeronomy, space physics, and related sciences. Gosling was a member of the American Geophysical Union, American Physical Society, International Astronomical Union, and American Association for Advancement of Science. John T. Gosling died from cancer in Louisville, Colorado on May 10, 2018, at the age of 79. Awards and honors Technology Achievement Award - National Center for Atmospheric Research, 1974 Distinguished Performance Award (Individual), Los Alamos National Laboratory, 1988 Elected Fellow, American Geophysical Union, 1991 Elected Fellow, Los Alamos National Laboratory, 1992 Distinguished Performance Award (Large Team), Los Alamos National Laboratory, 1994 Editors' Citation for Excellence in Refereeing: Journal of Geophysical Research – 1992, 1994, 1997 Geophysical Research Letters – 1995, 2008 Reviews of Geophysics – 2000 John Adam Fleming Medal, American Geophysical Union, 2000 Institute for Scientific Information recognition as one of the most highly cited researchers in space sciences – 2002 Parker/Bowie Lecture, American Geophysical Union, May, 2004. Elected Fellow, American Association for Advancement of Science, 2007 Education 1956: Graduated from Buchtel High School, Akron, Ohio. 1960: B. S. Physics (magna cum laude), Ohio University 1965: Ph.D. Physics, University of California - Berkeley Professional work history 1965–1967: Post-doctoral staff member, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, 1967–1975: Scientific Staff Member, High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research 1975–1992: Staff Member, Los Alamos National Laboratory 1992–2005: Laboratory Fellow, Los Alamos National Laboratory 1994–1998: Team Leader, Space Plasma Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory 2005–2018: Senior Research Associate, Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder 2005–2018: Consultant to Southwest Research Institute References American astronomers 1938 births 2018 deaths Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science University of California, Berkeley alumni University of Colorado alumni
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liouville%E2%80%93Bratu%E2%80%93Gelfand%20equation
For Liouville's equation in differential geometry, see Liouville's equation. In mathematics, Liouville–Bratu–Gelfand equation or Liouville's equation is a non-linear Poisson equation, named after the mathematicians Joseph Liouville, Gheorghe Bratu and Israel Gelfand. The equation reads The equation appears in thermal runaway as Frank-Kamenetskii theory, astrophysics for example, Emden–Chandrasekhar equation. This equation also describes space charge of electricity around a glowing wire and describes planetary nebula. Liouville's solution In two dimension with Cartesian Coordinates , Joseph Liouville proposed a solution in 1853 as where is an arbitrary analytic function with . In 1915, G.W. Walker found a solution by assuming a form for . If , then Walker's solution is where is some finite radius. This solution decays at infinity for any , but becomes infinite at the origin for , becomes finite at the origin for and becomes zero at the origin for . Walker also proposed two more solutions in his 1915 paper. Radially symmetric forms If the system to be studied is radially symmetric, then the equation in dimension becomes where is the distance from the origin. With the boundary conditions and for , a real solution exists only for , where is the critical parameter called as Frank-Kamenetskii parameter. The critical parameter is for , for and for . For , two solution exists and for infinitely many solution exists with solutions oscillating about the point . For , the solution is unique and in these cases the critical parameter is given by . Multiplicity of solution for was discovered by Israel Gelfand in 1963 and in later 1973 generalized for all by Daniel D. Joseph and Thomas S. Lundgren. The solution for that is valid in the range is given by where is related to as The solution for that is valid in the range is given by where is related to as References Differential equations Eponymous equations of physics
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heber%20Garc%C3%ADa
Heber Daniel García Torrealba (born 27 March 1997) is a Venezuelan football player who plays as midfielder for Zamora. Club statistics Honours International Venezuela U-20 FIFA U-20 World Cup: Runner-up 2017 South American Youth Football Championship: Third Place 2017 References 1997 births Living people Venezuelan men's footballers Venezuela men's under-20 international footballers Venezuelan expatriate men's footballers Portuguesa F.C. players Deportivo La Guaira players Sud América players Curicó Unido footballers Venezuelan Primera División players Chilean Primera División players Uruguayan Primera División players Expatriate men's footballers in Chile Expatriate men's footballers in Uruguay Men's association football midfielders 21st-century Venezuelan people People from San Felipe, Venezuela
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ironworks%20Creek
Ironworks Creek is a tributary of Mill Creek in Northampton Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, part of the Neshaminy Creek, and of the Delaware River watersheds. Statistics Rising near Richboro, Ironworks creek flows in a generally south and southeasterly course passing through Springfield Lake finally meeting its confluence at Mill Creek's 1.90 river mile, its watershed is approximately . Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection designation is 02526. US Geological Survey designation is 1192672. Tributaries Ironworks Creek has three unnamed tributaries, one of which joins within the Churchville Reservoir, a lake constructed in 1942 by damming up a section of the creek. The Churchville Nature Center, a facility of the Bucks County Parks and Recreation that operates a 55 acre environmental education center and nature preserve adjacent to the reservoir, works on protecting the 700+ acres of the watershed formed around the Ironworks Creek. Geology Ironworks Creek lies within the Stockton Formation, a sedimentary layer of rock laid down during the Triassic. Mineralogy includes sandstone, arkosic sandstone, siltstone, shale, and mudstone. Municipalities The stream and it tributaries lie wholly within Northampton Township. Crossings and Bridges See also List of rivers of Pennsylvania List of rivers of the United States List of Delaware River tributaries References Rivers of Pennsylvania Rivers of Bucks County, Pennsylvania Tributaries of the Neshaminy Creek
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Milton%20Keynes%20Dons%20F.C.%20records%20and%20statistics
Milton Keynes Dons Football Club is an English professional association football club based in Denbigh, Milton Keynes, which was established in 2004. Following the controversial relocation of Wimbledon F.C. to Milton Keynes in September 2003, Wimbledon F.C. was renamed Milton Keynes Dons F.C. along with a change of club crest and team colours in June 2004. Between August 2004 and July 2007, the club played their games at a temporary home of the National Hockey Stadium whilst their purpose-built permanent home of Stadium MK was under construction. Since 2004, the club have remained within The Football League. Having reached the Championship in 2015, their highest ever league status, as of the 2023–24 season, they currently play in League Two, the thfourth tier of English football, following promotion at the end of the 2022–23 season. The list below encompasses major and minor honours won by Milton Keynes Dons, records set by the club, their managers and their players. The player records section itemises the club's leading goalscorers and those who have made most appearances in first-team competitions. It also records notable achievements by Milton Keynes Dons players on the international stage, and the highest transfer fees paid and received by the club. Attendance records at the National Hockey Stadium, as well as the club's current home, Stadium MK. All records and figures are correct and up to date as of 7 May 2023. Honours League Football League One Runners-up: 2014–15 Football League Two / EFL League Two Champions: 2007–08 Third-place (promotion): 2018–19 Cup Football League Trophy Winners: 2007–08 Berks & Bucks Senior Cup Winners: 2006–07 Runners-up: 2005–06, 2017–18 Portimão Cup Winners: 2004 Source: MKDons.com Player records Appearances Most club appearances: Dean Lewington, 882 Most league appearances: Dean Lewington, 765 Most FA Cup appearances: Dean Lewington, 47 Most League Cup appearances: Dean Lewington, 27 Most League Trophy appearances: Dean Lewington, 33 Longest serving player: Dean Lewington, from 1 July 2004 until present (18 years, 306 days as of 7 May 2023) Youngest first-team player: Brendan Galloway, 15 years, 241 days (against Nantwich Town, FA Cup first round, 12 November 2011) Oldest first-team player: Alex Rae, 40 years, 211 days (against Brighton & Hove Albion, League One, 1 May 2010) Most appearances Competitive matches only (does not include pre-season friendlies or testimonials). Includes appearances as a substitute. Numbers in brackets indicate goals scored. a. Names in bold are current first team squad members. b. Goals and appearances (including those as a substitute) in the Football League Trophy and Football League Play-offs. Firsts First club captain: Mark Williams First Football League goalscorer: Izale McLeod, against Barnsley, League One, 7 August 2004 First FA Cup goalscorer: Wade Small, against Lancaster City, FA Cup first round, 13 November 2004 First League Cup goalsco
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agust%C3%ADn%20Maravall
Agustín Maravall Herrero (born in 1944 in Madrid) is a Spanish economist. He is known for his contributions to the analysis of statistics and econometrics, particularly in seasonal adjustment and the estimation of signals in economic time series. He created a methodology and several computer programs for such analysis that are used throughout the world by analysts, researchers, and data producers. Maravall retired in December 2014 from the Bank of Spain. Biography Maravall spent his childhood in Paris, then moved to Madrid and finished secondary school at the Colegio Estudio. He completed a doctorate in agricultural engineering at the Technical University of Madrid, and worked for several years at the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture. With a Fulbright-Ford fellowship he came to the United States and completed a Ph.D. in Economics at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. In 1975, he moved to Washington, D.C. to work as a staff economist in the Research Division of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors. In 1979, he returned to Madrid as a senior economist in the Research Department of the Bank of Spain, and in 1989 he moved to Italy as Full Professor in the Department of Economics of the European University Institute in Florence. In 1996, he returned to the Bank of Spain as Chief Economist and Head of the Time Series Analysis Unit. Maravall has been on the editorial board of multiple professional journals, including the Journal of Business and Economic Statistics and the Journal of Econometrics. He served on the Program and Scientific Committees of many international meetings and conferences. His teaching experience includes teaching courses in more than 30 countries to participants from more than 60 countries. He was Special Advisor to the European Central Bank and Eurostat, a member of the Board of Directors of the former Institute for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences of Madrid, and a member of the High Advisory Council for R & D of the Generalitat Valenciana. Research Maravall's research focused on time series analysis, time series modeling, and time series applications to economic data. His key contribution, in collaboration with Victor Gómez was the creation of a model-based approach for jointly solving many statistical time series difficulties that affect the analysis and interpretation of economic time series. In the presence of potentially missing observations the typical (default) technique first performs automatic identification and forecasting of regression-ARIMA models (including adjustment for outliers and calendar effects). The model is then split into models for unobserved components (such as seasonal, trend, transient, and cyclical components), from which filters are generated to estimate and forecast the unobserved components. The model-based structure generates the estimators' joint distribution, from which parametric tests and inferences (such as the standard errors of all estimators and forecasts) can be obtained. Tw
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypercovering
In mathematics, and in particular homotopy theory, a hypercovering (or hypercover) is a simplicial object that generalises the Čech nerve of a cover. For the Čech nerve of an open cover one can show that if the space is compact and if every intersection of open sets in the cover is contractible, then one can contract these sets and get a simplicial set that is weakly equivalent to in a natural way. For the étale topology and other sites, these conditions fail. The idea of a hypercover is to instead of only working with -fold intersections of the sets of the given open cover , to allow the pairwise intersections of the sets in to be covered by an open cover , and to let the triple intersections of this cover to be covered by yet another open cover , and so on, iteratively. Hypercoverings have a central role in étale homotopy and other areas where homotopy theory is applied to algebraic geometry, such as motivic homotopy theory. Formal definition The original definition given for étale cohomology by Jean-Louis Verdier in SGA4, Expose V, Sec. 7, Thm. 7.4.1, to compute sheaf cohomology in arbitrary Grothendieck topologies. For the étale site the definition is the following: Let be a scheme and consider the category of schemes étale over . A hypercover is a semisimplicial object of this category such that is an étale cover and such that is an étale cover for every . Here, is the limit of the diagram which has one copy of for each -dimensional face of the standard -simplex (for ), one morphism for every inclusion of faces, and the augmentation map at the end. The morphisms are given by the boundary maps of the semisimplicial object . Properties The Verdier hypercovering theorem states that the abelian sheaf cohomology of an étale sheaf can be computed as a colimit of the cochain cohomologies over all hypercovers. For a locally Noetherian scheme , the category of hypercoverings modulo simplicial homotopy is cofiltering, and thus gives a pro-object in the homotopy category of simplicial sets. The geometrical realisation of this is the Artin-Mazur homotopy type. A generalisation of E. Friedlander using bisimplicial hypercoverings of simplicial schemes is called the étale topological type. References Lecture notes by G. Quick "Étale homotopy lecture 2." Homotopy theory
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth%20M.%20Golden
Kenneth "Ken" Morgan Golden is an American applied mathematician and Distinguished Professor at the University of Utah. He is recognized as the "Indiana Jones of Mathematics" for his work in polar climate modeling and has traveled to the polar regions eighteen times, in total, to study sea ice. Biography Golden first became interested in sea ice in his senior year of high school while working on a project studying passive microwave images of Antarctic sea ice at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. He enrolled in Dartmouth College so that he could work at the Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory with Stephen F. Ackley. He graduated from Dartmouth in 1980 with his bachelor's degree in mathematics and physics, and enrolled in the PhD program at the NYU Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences. He received his PhD in 1984 and then worked as a National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow in mathematical physics at Rutgers University and as an assistant professor of mathematics at Princeton University. He joined the Department of Mathematics at the University of Utah in 1991. In 2012 he became one of the inaugural fellows of the American Mathematical Society. Golden's research focuses on modeling sea ice and its role in the climate system using theories of composite materials and statistical physics. References Living people Applied mathematicians American climatologists Dartmouth College alumni Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences alumni Princeton University faculty University of Utah faculty Fellows of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics Fellows of the American Mathematical Society American polar explorers Explorers of Antarctica Fellows of the Explorers Club Year of birth missing (living people)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1989%E2%80%9390%20FK%20Partizan%20season
The 1989–90 season was the 44th season in FK Partizan's existence. This article shows player statistics and matches that the club played during the 1989–90 season. Competitions Yugoslav First League Yugoslav Cup Yugoslav Super Cup Uhrencup Cup Winners' Cup First round Second round Quarter-finals See also List of FK Partizan seasons References External links Official website Partizanopedia 1989-90 (in Serbian) FK Partizan seasons Partizan
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf%20Modley
Rudolf Modley (November 3, 1906 – September 28, 1976) was an Austrian-American research executive, graphic designer, management consultant and author, who founded Pictorial Statistics Inc. in 1934. He illustrated and wrote a series of books on pictorial statistics and pictorial symbolism. Modley introduced and popularized the Isotype picture language in the United States, whereby he developed an own version of pictorial statistics. He also designed many pictorial symbols in the 1930s and 1940s, and worked on standardization of pictorial symbols. Biography Youth and studies Modley was born in 1906 in Vienna, then the capital of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, to Alfred and Elsa (Hoffmann) Moddley. After regular education and high school, he studied at the University of Vienna, where he obtained his Doctor of Law degree in 1929. During his studies in Vienna Modley had been assistant to Otto Neurath in the Social Museum, which Neurath had founded in 1923 and directed ever since. Modley had got acquainted with Otto Neurath’s design philosophy, while still at high school, and since those days he had worked as volunteer for Neurath. In 1928 he got a part-time appointment as a staff member and instructor for foreign visitors at the museum. Early career in the U.S. In 1930 Modley came to the United States to do postgraduate work at the University of Chicago. Recommended by Neurath, he was appointed curator of Social Science at the Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago by Waldemar Kaempffert, a cousin of Neurath. By the end of 1931 Modley had to go back to Austria to obtain a permanent resident status, and returned in 1932. In 1933 Modley had moved to New York, where he in 1934 he founded Pictorial Statistics Incorporated. The company promoted the production and distribution of ISOTYPE-like pictographs for education, news, and other forms of communications. The company was set up as "a non-profit organization that offered to draw charts, including Isotypes, for any editor or publisher interested in illustrating economic and social articles." Pictorial Statistics Inc. followed an independent course from Otto Neurath, who had set up an own institute, the Institute for Visual Education, to promote his ideas in the U.S. Modley also started working as consultant for several government agencies. Later career in the U.S. In the mid-1960s, Modley joined forces with cultural anthropologist Margaret Mead, jointly establishing an organization called Glyphs Inc., whose goal was to create a universal graphic symbol language to be understood by any members of culture, no matter how primitive. In his later years Modley was management consultant for several trade associations. Modley died in the Illinois Masonic Medical Center in Chicago in 1976. Design Principles In his monograph Pictographs and Graphs, Modley summarized his belief that a symbol should: Follow principles of good design. Be usable in either large or small sizes. Represent a general concep
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodrigo%20Vargas%20%28footballer%2C%20born%201989%29
Rodrigo Vargas Touchard (born 1 September 1989) is a Bolivian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Liga de Fútbol Profesional Boliviano club Club San José. Career statistics Club References 1989 births Living people Bolivian men's footballers Men's association football midfielders Club Bolívar players Club Aurora players C.A. Nacional Potosí players C.D. Jorge Wilstermann players The Strongest players Club San José players
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julio%20P%C3%A9rez%20%28footballer%2C%20born%201991%29
Julio César Pérez Peredo (born 24 October 1991) is a Bolivian professional footballer who plays as a defender for Bolivian Primera División club Oriente Petrolero. Career statistics Club References 1991 births Living people Bolivian men's footballers Men's association football defenders Oriente Petrolero players Club Deportivo Guabirá players Sport Boys Warnes players The Strongest players
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998%E2%80%9399%20FK%20Partizan%20season
The 1998–99 season was the 53rd season in FK Partizan's existence. This article shows player statistics and matches that the club played during the 1998–99 season. Players Squad information Competitions First League of FR Yugoslavia The championship was stopped on 14 May 1999, because of the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia, after 24 rounds. FR Yugoslavia Cup Cup Winners' Cup Qualifying round First round Second round See also List of FK Partizan seasons List of unbeaten football club seasons References External links Official website Partizanopedia 1998-99 (in Serbian) FK Partizan seasons Partizan Serbian football championship-winning seasons
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Leicester%20Tigers%20records%20and%20statistics
This article collates key records and statistics relating to Leicester Tigers, including information on honours, player appearances, points and tries, matches, sequences, internationals, season records, opponents and attendances. Honours Tigers first silverware was the Midlands Counties Cup, Tigers entered this competition from 1881 to 1914. There were then no competitions until 1971 when the RFU Knockout Cup started. Tigers won this for the first time in 1979, the competition continued until 2005 when it was replaced by the Anglo-Welsh Cup which Tigers have won three times, a record since the re-launch and addition of Welsh sides. The league started in 1987 and Tigers were the inaugural champions of England, a play off for the title was introduced in 2003. Leicester hold the record for most Premiership titles (11), the most consecutive Premiership Final appearances (9) and the most Play off appearances (14). On 18 May 2008 against Gloucester at Kingsholm they were the first team to achieve an away semi-final victory in the Premiership play-offs. They were the first side to retain the Heineken Cup after winning the competition in 2001 and 2002. 1st XV Premiership Champions (11): 1988, 1995, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2013, 2022 Runners-up (7): 1994, 1996, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2011, 2012 European Cup Champions (2): 2001, 2002 Runners-up (3): 1997, 2007, 2009 RFU Knockout Cup Champions (5): 1979, 1980, 1981, 1993, 1997 Runners-up (5): 1978, 1983, 1989, 1994, 1996 Anglo-Welsh Cup Champions (3): 2007, 2012, 2017 Runners-up (1): 2008 European Challenge Cup Runners-up (1) 2020-21 Midland Counties Cup Champions (12) 1898, 1899, 1900, 1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1909, 1910, 1912, 1913 Runners-up (3) 1889, 1891, 1894 Leicester A Leicestershire County Cup Champions (5) 1895, 1896, 1898, 1899, 1902 Premiership A League Champions (4) 2005, 2006, 2010, 2011 Runners-up (1) 2007 Player records Appearances Most appearances All-time most appearances Current players in bold. Most appearances: 502 – David Matthews (29 April 1955 – 23 August 1974) Most league appearances: 234 – Graham Rowntree (12 January 1991 – 27 May 2006) Most cup appearances: 51 – Paul Dodge (14 November 1975 – 26 January 1991) Most European appearances: 80 – Ben Youngs (17 November 2007 – 7 April 2023) Most appearances in a single season: 45 – Teddy Haselmere in 1922/23 Most successive appearances: 109 – David Matthews (14 January 1961 – 7 December 1963) Most appearances in cup finals: 13 – Geordan Murphy Most appearances as captain: Youngest and oldest appearances Longest spell at club: 27 years 169 days – Graham Willars (17 October 1959 – 4 April 1987) Youngest first-team player: 16 years 52 days – Martinus Swain (v Harlequins, 28 December 1895) Youngest player in competitive game: 16 years 237 days – George Ford (v Leeds in Anglo-Welsh Cup, 8 November 2009) Oldest first-team player: 47 years 135 days – Graham Willars (v Waterloo RF
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017%E2%80%9318%20PFC%20Levski%20Sofia%20season
The 2017–18 season was Levski Sofia's 97th season in the First League. This article shows player statistics and all matches (official and friendly) that the club has played during the season. Transfers In Out Loans out Squad Updated on 1 March 2017. Performance overview Fixtures Friendlies Summer Mid-season Winter Parva Liga Preliminary stage League table Results summary Results by round Matches Championship stage League table Results summary Results by round Matches European play-off final Bulgarian Cup UEFA Europa League First qualifying round Second qualifying round Squad statistics |- |colspan="14"|Players away from the club on loan: |- |colspan="14"|Players who left Levski (Sofia) during the season: |} References PFC Levski Sofia seasons Levski Sofia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular%20space
A cellular space is a Hausdorff space that has the structure of a CW complex. Compactness (mathematics) General topology Properties of topological spaces Topology
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhonard%20Garc%C3%ADa
Rhonard García Ángeles (born September 15, 1990) is a Dominican footballer who plays for local club Cibao FC as a midfielder. He also can play as a fullback in both sides. Career statistics Honours Cibao CFU Club Championship (1): 2017 References External links 1990 births Living people People from Espaillat Province Dominican Republic men's footballers Men's association football midfielders Liga Dominicana de Fútbol players Cibao FC players Dominican Republic men's international footballers
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernanda%20Botelho%20%28mathematician%29
Fernanda Maria Botelho (born 1957) is an American mathematician, a professor and the director of graduate studies and coordinator of mathematics at the University of Memphis. Botelho earned her Ph.D. in 1988 at the University of California at Berkeley, where Jenny Harrison was her doctoral advisor. Earlier she did her M.Sc. in 1985 and B.Sc. in 1981 in mathematics at the Universidade do Porto. Her research interests include functional analysis, operator theory and dynamical systems. From 2013 through 2016, she held the Dunavant Professorship at the University of Memphis. References 1957 births Living people 20th-century American mathematicians Women mathematicians University of Memphis faculty UC Berkeley College of Letters and Science alumni University of Porto alumni 21st-century American mathematicians
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behtash%20Misaghian
Behtash Misaghian (; born 2 March 1988) is an Iranian football defender who plays for Shahr Khodro F.C. in the Iran Pro League. Club career statistics References External links Behtash Misaghian at IranLeague.ir Living people Iranian men's footballers 1988 births Aluminium Hormozgan F.C. players Shahr Khodro F.C. players Sanat Mes Kerman F.C. players Siah Jamegan F.C. players Naft Masjed Soleyman F.C. players Men's association football fullbacks Footballers from Mashhad
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free%20product%20of%20associative%20algebras
In algebra, the free product (coproduct) of a family of associative algebras over a commutative ring R is the associative algebra over R that is, roughly, defined by the generators and the relations of the 's. The free product of two algebras A, B is denoted by A ∗ B. The notion is a ring-theoretic analog of a free product of groups. In the category of commutative R-algebras, the free product of two algebras (in that category) is their tensor product. Construction We first define a free product of two algebras. Let A and B be algebras over a commutative ring R. Consider their tensor algebra, the direct sum of all possible finite tensor products of A, B; explicitly, where We then set where I is the two-sided ideal generated by elements of the form We then verify the universal property of coproduct holds for this (this is straightforward.) A finite free product is defined similarly. References K. I. Beidar, W. S. Martindale and A. V. Mikhalev, Rings with generalized identities, Section 1.4. This reference was mentioned in External links Algebra
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van%20der%20Corput%20inequality
In mathematics, the van der Corput inequality is a corollary of the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality that is useful in the study of correlations among vectors, and hence random variables. It is also useful in the study of equidistributed sequences, for example in the Weyl equidistribution estimate. Loosely stated, the van der Corput inequality asserts that if a unit vector in an inner product space is strongly correlated with many unit vectors , then many of the pairs must be strongly correlated with each other. Here, the notion of correlation is made precise by the inner product of the space : when the absolute value of is close to , then and are considered to be strongly correlated. (More generally, if the vectors involved are not unit vectors, then strong correlation means that .) Statement of the inequality Let be a real or complex inner product space with inner product and induced norm . Suppose that and that . Then In terms of the correlation heuristic mentioned above, if is strongly correlated with many unit vectors , then the left-hand side of the inequality will be large, which then forces a significant proportion of the vectors to be strongly correlated with one another. Proof of the inequality We start by noticing that for any there exists (real or complex) such that and . Then, since the inner product is bilinear by the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality by the definition of the induced norm since is a unit vector and the inner product is bilinear since for all . External links A blog post by Terence Tao on correlation transitivity, including the van der Corput inequality Inequalities Diophantine approximation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confocal%20conic%20sections
In geometry, two conic sections are called confocal if they have the same foci. Because ellipses and hyperbolas have two foci, there are confocal ellipses, confocal hyperbolas and confocal mixtures of ellipses and hyperbolas. In the mixture of confocal ellipses and hyperbolas, any ellipse intersects any hyperbola orthogonally (at right angles). Parabolas have only one focus, so, by convention, confocal parabolas have the same focus and the same axis of symmetry. Consequently, any point not on the axis of symmetry lies on two confocal parabolas which intersect orthogonally (see below). A circle is an ellipse with both foci coinciding at the center. Circles that share the same focus are called concentric circles, and they orthogonally intersect any line passing through that center. The formal extension of the concept of confocal conics to surfaces leads to confocal quadrics. Confocal ellipses and hyperbolas Any hyperbola or (non-circular) ellipse has two foci, and any pair of distinct points in the Euclidean plane and any third point not on line connecting them uniquely determine an ellipse and hyperbola, with shared foci and intersecting orthogonally at the point (See and .) The foci thus determine two pencils of confocal ellipses and hyperbolas. By the principal axis theorem, the plane admits a Cartesian coordinate system with its origin at the midpoint between foci and its axes aligned with the axes of the confocal ellipses and hyperbolas. If is the linear eccentricity (half the distance between and then in this coordinate system Each ellipse or hyperbola in the pencil is the locus of points satisfying the equation with semi-major axis as parameter. If the semi-major axis is less than the linear eccentricity the equation defines a hyperbola, while if the semi-major axis is greater than the linear eccentricity it defines an ellipse. Another common representation specifies a pencil of ellipses and hyperbolas confocal with a given ellipse of semi-major axis and semi-minor axis (so that each conic generated by choice of the parameter If the conic is an ellipse. If the conic is a hyperbola. For there are no solutions. The common foci of every conic in the pencil are the points This representation generalizes naturally to higher dimensions (see ). Limit curves As the parameter approaches the value from below, the limit of the pencil of confocal ellipses degenerates to the line segment between foci on the -axis (an infinitely flat ellipse). As approaches from above, the limit of the pencil of confocal hyperbolas degenerates to the relative complement of that line segment with respect to the -axis; that is, to the two rays with endpoints at the foci pointed outward along the -axis (an infinitely flat hyperbola). These two limit curves have the two foci in common. This property appears analogously in the 3-dimensional case, leading to the definition of the focal curves of confocal quadrics. See below. Twofold or
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tess%20Girard
Tess Girard is a Canadian filmmaker and cinematographer. A Simple Rhythm She is best known for her documentary A Simple Rhythm a documentary exploring rhythm from the perspective of mathematics, music, biology, philosophy, and psychology, which included interviews with Charles Spearin (of Broken Social Scene, Do Make Say Think, The Happiness Project), and mathematician Steven Strogatz. The film played at the 2011 Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival, Vancouver International Film Festival 2010, 2011 Rencontres internationales du documentaire de Montréal and 2011 Buenos Aires International Festival of Independent Cinema. The outtakes of A Simple Rhythm were edited into the radio documentary The Heart of the Beat for CBC's Ideas and included additional material with science writer Philip Ball. Other works Girard's other works include The Road to Webequie (co-directed with Ryan J Noth) which played at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival and was nominated for an Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television Award for Best Short Documentary at the 5th Canadian Screen Awards. She is also known for her works Canada The Good? (Hot Docs 2016), Old Growth (Toronto International Film Festival 2012, Canada's Top Ten 2012) and Benediction (Toronto International Film Festival 2012). Girard is currently making a feature film with the National Film Board of Canada called As The Crow Flies. References Canadian documentary film directors Canadian women film directors Living people Canadian women documentary filmmakers Year of birth missing (living people)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Residual%20intersection
In algebraic geometry, the problem of residual intersection asks the following: Given a subset Z in the intersection of varieties, understand the complement of Z in the intersection; i.e., the residual set to Z. The intersection determines a class , the intersection product, in the Chow group of an ambient space and, in this situation, the problem is to understand the class, the residual class to Z: where means the part supported on Z; classically the degree of the part supported on Z is called the equivalence of Z. The two principal applications are the solutions to problems in enumerative geometry (e.g., Steiner's conic problem) and the derivation of the multiple-point formula, the formula allowing one to count or enumerate the points in a fiber even when they are infinitesimally close. The problem of residual intersection goes back to the 19th century. The modern formulation of the problems and the solutions is due to Fulton and MacPherson. To be precise, they develop the intersection theory by a way of solving the problems of residual intersections (namely, by the use of the Segre class of a normal cone to an intersection.) A generalization to a situation where the assumption on regular embedding is weakened is due to . Definition The following definition is due to . Let be closed embeddings, where A is an algebraic variety and Z, W are closed subschemes. Then, by definition, the residual scheme to Z is . where is the projectivization (in the classical sense) and is the ideal sheaf defining . Note: if is the blow-up of along , then, for , the surjection gives the closed embedding: , which is the isomorphism if the inclusion is a regular embedding. If the are scheme-theoretic connected components of , then For example, if Y is the projective space, then Bézout's theorem says the degree of is and so the above is a different way to count the contributions to the degree of the intersection. In fact, in applications, one combines Bézout's theorem. Let be regular embeddings of schemes, separated and of finite type over the base field; for example, this is the case if Xi are effective Cartier divisors (e.g., hypersurfaces). The intersection product of is an element of the Chow group of Y and it can be written as where are positive integers. Given a set S, we let Formulae Quillen's excess-intersection formula The formula in the topological setting is due to . Now, suppose we are given Y{{}} → Y and suppose i: X = X ×Y Y → Y is regular of codimension d so that one can define i! as before. Let F be the excess bundle of i and i'; that is, it is the pullback to X{{}} of the quotient of N by the normal bundle of i. Let e(F) be the Euler class (top Chern class) of F, which we view as a homomorphism from Ak−d (X{{}}) to Ak−d(X{{}}). Then where i! is determined by the morphism Y{{}} → Y → Y. Finally, it is possible to generalize the above construction and formula to complete intersection morphisms; this extension is discus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multivariate%20Laplace%20distribution
In the mathematical theory of probability, multivariate Laplace distributions are extensions of the Laplace distribution and the asymmetric Laplace distribution to multiple variables. The marginal distributions of symmetric multivariate Laplace distribution variables are Laplace distributions. The marginal distributions of asymmetric multivariate Laplace distribution variables are asymmetric Laplace distributions. Symmetric multivariate Laplace distribution A typical characterization of the symmetric multivariate Laplace distribution has the characteristic function: where is the vector of means for each variable and is the covariance matrix. Unlike the multivariate normal distribution, even if the covariance matrix has zero covariance and correlation the variables are not independent. The symmetric multivariate Laplace distribution is elliptical. Probability density function If , the probability density function (pdf) for a k-dimensional multivariate Laplace distribution becomes: where: and is the modified Bessel function of the second kind. In the correlated bivariate case, i.e., k = 2, with the pdf reduces to: where: and are the standard deviations of and , respectively, and is the correlation coefficient of and . For the uncorrelated bivariate Laplace case, that is k = 2, and , the pdf becomes: Asymmetric multivariate Laplace distribution A typical characterization of the asymmetric multivariate Laplace distribution has the characteristic function: As with the symmetric multivariate Laplace distribution, the asymmetric multivariate Laplace distribution has mean , but the covariance becomes . The asymmetric multivariate Laplace distribution is not elliptical unless , in which case the distribution reduces to the symmetric multivariate Laplace distribution with . The probability density function (pdf) for a k-dimensional asymmetric multivariate Laplace distribution is: where: and is the modified Bessel function of the second kind. The asymmetric Laplace distribution, including the special case of , is an example of a geometric stable distribution. It represents the limiting distribution for a sum of independent, identically distributed random variables with finite variance and covariance where the number of elements to be summed is itself an independent random variable distributed according to a geometric distribution. Such geometric sums can arise in practical applications within biology, economics and insurance. The distribution may also be applicable in broader situations to model multivariate data with heavier tails than a normal distribution but finite moments. The relationship between the exponential distribution and the Laplace distribution allows for a simple method for simulating bivariate asymmetric Laplace variables (including for the case of ). Simulate a bivariate normal random variable vector from a distribution with and covariance matrix . Independently simulate an exponential rand
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovenian%20PrvaLiga%20records%20and%20statistics
The top tier of Slovenian football, the Slovenian PrvaLiga, was formed in 1991 after Slovenia became an independent country, and was firstly contested in the 1991–92 season. The following page details the football records and statistics of the Slovenian PrvaLiga since then. All statistics below are correct as of end of the 2022–23 Slovenian PrvaLiga season. League records Titles Most titles: 16, Maribor Most consecutive title wins: 7, Maribor (between 1996–97 and 2002–03) Biggest title-winning margin: 20 points, 2011–12; Maribor (85 points) over Olimpija Ljubljana (65 points) Smallest title-winning margin: 0 points, joint record: 2017–18 (Olimpija Ljubljana and Maribor both finished with 80 points; Olimpija won the title due to better head-to-head record) 2020–21 (Mura and Maribor both finished with 63 points; Mura won the title due to better head-to-head record) Points Most points in a season: 85, Maribor (2011–12) Most points in a season without winning the league: 80, Maribor (2017–18) Fewest points in a season: 3, Jadran Dekani (1994–95) Fewest points in a season while winning the league: 44, Olimpija (1994–95) Most points in total: 2,079, Maribor Wins Most wins in a season (40 games): 30, Olimpija (1991–92) Fewest wins in a season: 0, joint record: Jadran Dekani (1994–95) Rudar Velenje (2019–20) Most home wins in a season: 19, Olimpija (1991–92) Most away wins in a season: 14, Maribor (2013–14 and 2018–19) Most consecutive wins: 12, joint record: Olimpija (between 8 March 1992 and 6 May 1992) Maribor (between 22 May 1999 and 3 October 1999) Most consecutive games without a win: 31, Jadran Dekani (between 12 June 1994 and 31 May 1995) Most wins in total: 627, Maribor Defeats Most defeats in a season: 30, Izola (1995–96) Fewest losses in a season: 2, joint record: Olimpija (1993–94) Maribor (1999–2000) Olimpija Ljubljana (2017–18) Longest unbeaten run: 32 games, Domžale (between 13 May 2006 and 15 April 2007) Fewest home losses in a season: 0, joint record: Maribor (1991–92, 1992–93, 1998–99, and 1999–2000) Olimpija (1991–92, 1992–93, and 1993–94) Gorica (1995–96 and 2005–06) Izola (1991–92) Beltinci (1994–95) Mura (1995–96) Primorje (1996–97) Koper (2001–02) Domžale (2006–07) Olimpija Ljubljana (2017–18) Fewest away losses in a season: 0, Maribor (2002–03) Most consecutive losses: 15, Izola (between 17 March 1996 and 8 June 1996) Most losses in total: 397, Celje Draws Most draws in a season: 18, Naklo (1991–92) Fewest draws in a season: 3, Jadran Dekani (1994–95) Most home draws in a season: 10, joint record: Naklo (1991–92) Radomlje (2022–23) Most consecutive draws: 8, Koper (between 12 August 2006 and 23 September 2006) Most draws in total: 291, Celje Attendances Highest attendance, single game: 14,000, joint record: Maribor v. Beltinci, 1 June 1997 Olimpija Ljubljana v. Maribor, 7 May 2016 Highest average home attendance: 5,289, Maribor (1996–97) All-time attendances Goals Most goals scored in a season: 102, Olimpija (1991–92) F
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subspace%20identification%20method
In mathematics, specifically in control theory, subspace identification (SID) aims at identifying linear time invariant (LTI) state space models from input-output data. SID does not require that the user parametrizes the system matrices before solving a parametric optimization problem and, as a consequence, SID methods do not suffer from problems related to local minima that often lead to unsatisfactory identification results. History SID methods are rooted in the work by the German mathematician Leopold Kronecker (1823–1891). Kronecker showed that a power series can be written as a rational function when the rank of the Hankel operator that has the power series as its symbol is finite. The rank determines the order of the polynomials of the rational function. In the 1960s the work of Kronecker inspired a number of researchers in the area of Systems and Control, like Ho and Kalman, Silverman and Youla and Tissi, to store the Markov parameters of an LTI system into a finite dimensional Hankel matrix and derive from this matrix an (A,B,C) realization of the LTI system. The key observation was that when the Hankel matrix is properly dimensioned versus the order of the LTI system, the rank of the Hankel matrix is the order of the LTI system and the SVD of the Hankel matrix provides a basis of the column space observability matrix and row space of the controllability matrix of the LTI system. Knowledge of this key spaces allows to estimate the system matrices via linear least squares. An extension to the stochastic realization problem where we have knowledge only of the Auto-correlation (covariance) function of the output of an LTI system driven by white noise, was derived by researchers like Akaike. A second generation of SID methods attempted to make SID methods directly operate on input-output measurements of the LTI system in the decade 1985–1995. One such generalization was presented under the name of the Eigensystem Realization Algorithm (ERA) made use of specific input-output measurements considering the impulse inputs. It has been used for modal analysis of flexible structures, like bridges, space structures, etc. These methods have demonstrated to work in practice for resonant structures they did not work well for other type of systems and an input different from an impulse. A new impulse to the development of SID methods was made for operating directly on generic input-output data and avoiding to first explicitly compute the Markov parameters or estimating the samples of covariance functions prior to realizing the system matrices. Pioneers that contributed to these breakthroughs were Van Overschee and De Moor – introducing the N4SID approach, Verhaegen – introducing the MOESP approach and Larimore – presenting ST in the framework of Canonical Variate Analysis (CVA) References Control theory
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20busiest%20railway%20stations%20in%20Switzerland
This is a list of the busiest railway stations in Switzerland, loosely based on statistics and data received on the year of 2014. In this list, all stations can be considered as major stations or hubs, as well as stations serving major cities, large towns, or in some occasions, airports. Most of the stations listed below serve many long-distance services, with the busiest of them even serving international train services. References External links Daily ridership of Swiss railway stations, 2014 data Stations Railway stations in Switzerland Rail transport-related lists of superlatives
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorno%20Konjare
Gorno Konjare (, ) is a village in the municipality of Kumanovo, North Macedonia. Demographics According to the statistics of Bulgarian ethnographer Vasil Kanchov from 1900 the settlement is recorded as Kojnare Gorno as having 224 inhabitants, all Christian Bulgarians. According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 1136 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include: Macedonians 555 Serbs 324 Albanians 255 Others 2 References External links Villages in Kumanovo Municipality Albanian communities in North Macedonia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolno%20Konjare
Dolno Konjare () is a village in the municipality of Kumanovo, North Macedonia. Demographics According to the statistics of Bulgarian ethnographer Vasil Kanchov from 1900 the settlement is recorded as "Kojnare Dolno" as having 56 inhabitants, all Bulgarian Exarchists. According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 1286 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include: Macedonians 669 Serbs 516 Albanians 91 Romani 2 Others 8 References External links Villages in Kumanovo Municipality
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cerkezi
Čerkezi (, ) is a village in the municipality of Kumanovo, North Macedonia. Demographics According to the statistics of Bulgarian ethnographer Vasil Kanchov from 1900 the settlement is recorded as Čerkezko Selo as having 120 inhabitants, all Circassians recent emigrants who survived the Circassian Genocide. As of the 2021 census, Čerkezi had 3,137 residents with the following ethnic composition: Albanians 3,027 Persons for whom data are taken from administrative sources 99 Turks 5 Macedonians 3 Others 3 According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 3,741 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include: Albanians 3,719 Macedonians 2 Bosniaks 4 Others 16 References External links Villages in Kumanovo Municipality Albanian communities in North Macedonia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opae
Opae (, ) is a village in the municipality of Lipkovo, North Macedonia. Demographics According to the statistics of the Bulgarian ethnographer Vasil Kanchov from 1900, 150 inhabitants lived in Opae, 100 Romani and 50 Muslim Albanians. As of the 2021 census, Opae had 1,169 residents with the following ethnic composition: Albanians 1,508 Persons for whom data are taken from administrative sources 77 Macedonians 32 Others 2 According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 1996 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include: Albanians 1818 Macedonians 138 Serbs 38 Others 2 References External links Villages in Lipkovo Municipality Albanian communities in North Macedonia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otlja
Otlja (, ) is a village in the municipality of Lipkovo, North Macedonia. Demographics According to the statistics of Bulgarian ethnographer Vasil Kanchov from 1900, 490 inhabitants lived in Otlja, 250 Albanian Muslims, 200 Romani and 40 Christian Bulgarians. As of the 2021 census, Otlja had 2,538 residents with the following ethnic composition: Albanians 2,485 Persons for whom data are taken from administrative sources 52 Others 1 According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 3148 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include: Albanians 3137 Macedonians 0 Others 8 References External links Villages in Lipkovo Municipality Albanian communities in North Macedonia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangzhou%20City%20F.C.%20in%20international%20competitions
Matches Statistics By competition By season By nation Records Most appearances in Asian competition: Míchel, 8 Most goals in Asian competition: Lu Lin, 2 First Asian match: Guangzhou R&F 3–0 Warriors, AFC Champions League, preliminary round 2, 10 February 2015 First goal scored in Asia: Jiang Zhipeng, against Warriors, in the AFC Champions League, 10 February 2015 Biggest win: Guangzhou R&F 3–0 Warriors, in the AFC Champions League, 10 February 2015 Biggest defeat: Guangzhou R&F 0–5 Gamba Osaka, in the AFC Champions League, 22 April 2015 Buriram United 5–0 Guangzhou R&F, in the AFC Champions League, 6 May 2015 Highest Asian home attendance: 9,308, against Buriram United, in the 2015 AFC Champions League, 3 March 2015 Lowest Asian home attendance: 7,883, against Warriors, in the 2015 AFC Champions League, 10 February 2015 Goalscorers See also Chinese clubs in the AFC Champions League References Guangzhou City F.C. Chinese football clubs in international competitions
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novo%20Selo%2C%20Gjor%C4%8De%20Petrov
Novo Selo () is a town in the municipality of Gjorče Petrov, North Macedonia. Demographics In statistics gathered by Vasil Kanchov in 1900, the village was inhabited by 300 Muslim Albanians and 208 Orthodox Bulgarians. According to the 2002 census, the town had a total of 8349 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the town include: Macedonians 7082 Romani 869 Serbs 274 Turks 26 Albanians 14 Vlachs 14 Bosniaks 5 Others 68 References External links Villages in Ǵorče Petrov Municipality
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolno%20Nerezi
Dolno Nerezi (, ) is a neighbourhood in the City of Skopje, North Macedonia, administered by the Karpoš Municipality. Demographics In statistics gathered by Vasil Kanchov in 1900, the village was inhabited by 300 Muslim Albanians and 260 Orthodox Bulgarians. According to the 2002 census, the town had a total of 12,418 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the town include: Macedonians 10,288 Albanians 1,353 Serbs 378 Turks 93 Vlachs 58 Romani 19 Bosniaks 14 Others 217 References External links Neighbourhoods in Karpoš Municipality Neighbourhoods of Skopje Albanian communities in North Macedonia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jabolci
Jabolci (, ) is a village in the municipality of Sopište, North Macedonia. Demographics In statistics gathered by Vasil Kanchov in 1900, the village was inhabited by 180 Muslim Albanians and 130 Bulgarian Exarchists. On the 1927 ethnic map of Leonhard Schulze-Jena, Držilovo is shown as an Albanian village. According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 41 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include: Macedonians 26 Albanians 15 As of the 2021 census, Jabolci had 18 residents with the following ethnic composition: Macedonians 4 Serbs 1 Albanians 5 Unknown 1 Persons for whom data was taken from administrative sources 7 References Villages in Sopište Municipality Albanian communities in North Macedonia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analysis%20of%20Boolean%20functions
In mathematics and theoretical computer science, analysis of Boolean functions is the study of real-valued functions on or (such functions are sometimes known as pseudo-Boolean functions) from a spectral perspective. The functions studied are often, but not always, Boolean-valued, making them Boolean functions. The area has found many applications in combinatorics, social choice theory, random graphs, and theoretical computer science, especially in hardness of approximation, property testing, and PAC learning. Basic concepts We will mostly consider functions defined on the domain . Sometimes it is more convenient to work with the domain instead. If is defined on , then the corresponding function defined on is Similarly, for us a Boolean function is a -valued function, though often it is more convenient to consider -valued functions instead. Fourier expansion Every real-valued function has a unique expansion as a multilinear polynomial: (Note that even if the function is 0-1 valued this is not a sum mod 2, but just an ordinary sum of real numbers.) This is the Hadamard transform of the function , which is the Fourier transform in the group . The coefficients are known as Fourier coefficients, and the entire sum is known as the Fourier expansion of . The functions are known as Fourier characters, and they form an orthonormal basis for the space of all functions over , with respect to the inner product . The Fourier coefficients can be calculated using an inner product: In particular, this shows that , where the expected value is taken with respect to the uniform distribution over . Parseval's identity states that If we skip , then we get the variance of : Fourier degree and Fourier levels The degree of a function is the maximum such that for some set of size . In other words, the degree of is its degree as a multilinear polynomial. It is convenient to decompose the Fourier expansion into levels: the Fourier coefficient is on level . The degree part of is It is obtained from by zeroing out all Fourier coefficients not on level . We similarly define . Influence The 'th influence of a function can be defined in two equivalent ways: If is Boolean then is the probability that flipping the 'th coordinate flips the value of the function: If then doesn't depend on the 'th coordinate. The total influence of is the sum of all of its influences: The total influence of a Boolean function is also the average sensitivity of the function. The sensitivity of a Boolean function at a given point is the number of coordinates such that if we flip the 'th coordinate, the value of the function changes. The average value of this quantity is exactly the total influence. The total influence can also be defined using the discrete Laplacian of the Hamming graph, suitably normalized: . A generalized form of influence is the -stable influence, defined by: The corresponding total influences is One can prove that a function ha
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shion%20Niwa
, is a Japanese professional footballer who plays as a forward for J2 League club Blaublitz Akita, on loan from Zweigen Kanazawa. Club statistics Updated to 15 December 2022. References External links Profile at Ehime FC 1994 births Living people Men's association football forwards Japanese men's footballers Ehime FC players Zweigen Kanazawa players Blaublitz Akita players J2 League players Soccer players from El Paso, Texas
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuki%20Nakayama
, is a Japanese professional footballer who plays as forward for Giravanz Kitakyushu. Club statistics Updated to 23 February 2019. References External links Profile at Yokohama FC 1994 births Living people Waseda University alumni Association football people from Saitama Prefecture Men's association football forwards Japanese men's footballers Yokohama FC players Kagoshima United FC players Azul Claro Numazu players SC Sagamihara players Giravanz Kitakyushu players J2 League players J3 League players
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Out%20in%20Science%2C%20Technology%2C%20Engineering%2C%20and%20Mathematics
Out in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, Inc., abbreviated oSTEM, is a 501(c)(3) non-profit professional society dedicated to LGBTQ+ individuals within the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) community. History In October 2005, IBM sponsored a focus group where students from across the United States convened at the Human Rights Campaign headquarters in Washington, D.C. These students discussed topics relevant to LGBTQ+ communities at their colleges and universities, and they debated how to structure an organization that serves students in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Founded in 2009 and achieving 501(c)(3) status in 2010, oSTEM currently consists of more than 100 chapters across the United States and the United Kingdom. Mission oSTEM strives to identify, address, and advocate for the needs of LGBTQ+ students and professionals within the STEM fields. oSTEM fulfills these needs by providing networking opportunities, mentorship connections, strategic collaborations, and professional/leadership development, as well as an annual global conference. Activities Conferences oSTEM hosts annual conferences that discuss LGBTQ+ topics in STEM as well as intelligence fields. Topics discussed include inclusion, outreach, and diversity within the workplace. The goal of workshops, talks, and networking events for LGBTQ+ people is to help them integrate and move up in their fields. The fourth annual conference was hosted jointly with the National Organization of Gay and Lesbian Scientists and Technical Professionals' Out to Innovate in Atlanta in 2014. LGBT STEM Day On July 5, 2018, oSTEM along with Pride in STEM, House of STEM, and InterEngineering created international awareness for LGBTQ+ people in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math. Awards oSTEM presents a variety of awards annually to individuals and organizations that demonstrate a strong dedication to advancing and empowering LGBTQ+ in STEM fields. oSTEM Global STEM Service Award The oSTEM Global STEM Service Award is given to present and past oSTEM members who show strong dedication to inclusion, diversity, and equality for LGBTQ+ and other marginalized individuals in STEM fields. Awardees are: Dr. Eric Patridge (2013) Dr. Elena Long (2014) Emily Li (2015) Marjorie Willner (2016) Elise Wantling (2017) Aaron F. Mertz (2018) Avery Cunningham (2019) Cel Welsh (2020) oSTEM Strategic Alliance Award The oSTEM Strategic Alliance Award is presented to a current sponsoring organization, community partner, or grant provider of oSTEM who demonstrates strong dedication, engagement, and support to oSTEM and its values. Awardees are: Alcoa (2015) US Intelligence Community (IC Pride) (2016) Accenture (2017) Boeing (2018) Ford Motor Company (2019) oSTEM Partner Excellence Award The oSTEM Partner Excellence Award is presented to individuals associated with oSTEM accomplished in their much academic or professional lives who regularly advoca
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucre%20Municipality%2C%20M%C3%A9rida
Sucre Municipality is one of the 23 municipalities (municipios) that makes up the Venezuelan state of Mérida and, according to the 2011 census by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, the municipality has a population of 24,509. Lagunillas is the municipal seat of the Sucre Municipality. Name The municipality is one of several in Venezuela named "Sucre Municipality" in honour of Venezuelan independence hero Antonio José de Sucre. References Municipalities of Mérida (state)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9%20Mar%C3%ADa%20Vargas%20Municipality
José María Vargas Municipality is one of the 29 municipalities that makes up the western Venezuelan state of Táchira. According to a 2017 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, the municipality has a population of 10,126. References Municipalities of Táchira
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matka%2C%20Saraj
Matka (, ) is a village in the municipality of Saraj, North Macedonia. History In statistics gathered by Vasil Kanchov in 1900, the village of Matka was inhabited by 120 Muslim Albanians and 60 Christian Bulgarians Albanians. In 1905 Dimitar Mishev Brancoff gathered statistics about the Christian population of Macedonia, in which the village of Matka appears as consisting of 56 Bulgarian Exarchists and 42 Christian Albanians. Demographics According to the 2021 census, the village had a total of 466 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include: Albanians 248 Macedonians 157 Bosniaks 5 Serbs 1 Others 55 See also Matka Canyon References External links Villages in Saraj Municipality Albanian communities in North Macedonia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelle%20Schatzman
Michelle Schatzman (1949–2010) was a French mathematician, specializing in applied mathematics, who combined research as a CNRS research director and teaching as a professor at the Claude Bernard University Lyon 1. Biography Michelle Véra Schatzman was born in a secular Jewish family. Her father was French astrophysicist Évry Schatzman, who also was president of the Rationalist Union. Her mother Ruth Schatzman (née Fisher) was an associate of Russian in high schools in Lille and Paris, then a lecturer at the Paris VIII University. Michelle Schatzman married Yves Pigier in 1975. They had two children, Claude Mangoubi (née Pigier), born in 1976 in Clamart, and René Pigier, born in 1983 in Paris. They divorced in 1988. Her daughter is married to Dan Mangoubi, an Israeli mathematician, a professor at the Albert Einstein Institute of the University of Jerusalem. Education and career Michelle Schatzman entered École normale supérieure de jeunes filles in 1968. She obtained the aggregation and a PhD in 1971, under the leadership of Haïm Brezis and a state doctorate in 1979 under the direction of Jacques Louis Lions. She was attaché then research assistant from 1972 to 1984 at the Laboratoire d'analyse numérique in Paris 6, now Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions, then from spring 1981, at the Center of Applied Mathematics of the École Polytechnique. She became a professor at the Claude Bernard University Lyon 1 in 1984, in the Lyon-Saint-Étienne digital analysis team, which in 1995 became the Laboratory for Applied Mathematics in Lyon (MAPLY), for eight years. This laboratory merged in 2005 with other laboratories in Lyons to found the . She returned to the CNRS in 2005 as a research director while continuing to teach, especially master students. Over the years, she has written more than 70 scientific articles, many of them are still frequently quoted. Awards Knight of the Legion of Honor (2008). Prize of M me Claude Berthault awarded by the French Academy of Sciences in 2006. A model of the vorticity density of superconductivity vortices proposed in 1996 is called the Chapman-Rubinstein-Schatzman model. Publications Numerical Analysis, A Mathematical Approach, first published by Masson in 1991 and reprinted by Dunod in 2001 Numerical Analysis: A Mathematical Introduction (2002), Clarendon Press, Oxford. . References External links Confluentes Mathematici: Special issues in memory of Michèle Schatzman 1949 births 2010 deaths 20th-century French mathematicians Mathematical analysts French Wikimedians Research directors of the French National Centre for Scientific Research
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atsushi%20Kurokawa
is a Japanese professional footballer who plays as a forward or a winger for J.League club FC Machida Zelvia. Club statistics References External links Profile at Mito HollyHock Profile at Omiya Ardija Profile at Júbilo Iwata 1998 births Living people Japanese men's footballers J1 League players J2 League players Omiya Ardija players Mito HollyHock players Júbilo Iwata players FC Machida Zelvia players Men's association football midfielders Association football people from Saitama (city)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017%20Maldivian%20Second%20Division%20Football%20Tournament
Statistics of Second Division Football Tournament in the 2017 season. Group stage From each group, the top two teams will be advanced for the Semi-finals. All times listed are Maldives Standard Time. Group 1 Group 2 Semi-finals Final Awards References Maldivian Second Division Football Tournament seasons Maldives Maldives 2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omsukchan%20Airport
Omsukchan Airport is a minor airport built 7 km south of Omsukchan in Magadan Oblast, Russia Airlines and Destinations Statistics References Airports in Magadan Oblast
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudecir%20%28footballer%2C%20born%201989%29
Claudecir dos Reis Rodrigues Júnior (born 29 June 1989), commonly known as Claudecir, is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a forward. Career statistics Notes Honours Criciúma Esporte Clube Campeonato Catarinense: 2013 Brasiliense Copa Verde: 2014 Quảng Nam V.League 1: 2017 Vietnamese Super Cup runner-up: 2018 Individuals Best Foreign Player of the Year: 2017 References 1989 births Living people Brazilian expatriate men's footballers Men's association football forwards Clube Náutico Marcílio Dias players Centro de Futebol Zico Sociedade Esportiva players Artsul Futebol Clube players Tanabi Esporte Clube players Brasília Futebol Clube players Brasiliense FC players Associação Desportiva Cabofriense players Associação Atlética Anapolina players Ceilândia Esporte Clube players Quang Nam FC players Campeonato Brasileiro Série C players Campeonato Brasileiro Série D players V.League 1 players Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Vietnam Expatriate men's footballers in Vietnam Footballers from Rio de Janeiro (city) Brazilian men's footballers
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moschovakis%20coding%20lemma
The Moschovakis coding lemma is a lemma from descriptive set theory involving sets of real numbers under the axiom of determinacy (the principle — incompatible with choice — that every two-player integer game is determined). The lemma was developed and named after the mathematician Yiannis N. Moschovakis. The lemma may be expressed generally as follows: Let be a non-selfdual pointclass closed under real quantification and , and a -well-founded relation on of rank . Let be such that . Then there is a -set which is a choice set for R , that is: . . A proof runs as follows: suppose for contradiction is a minimal counterexample, and fix , , and a good universal set for the -subsets of . Easily, must be a limit ordinal. For , we say codes a -choice set provided the property (1) holds for using and property (2) holds for where we replace with . By minimality of , for all , there are -choice sets. Now, play a game where players I, II select points and II wins when coding a -choice set for some implies codes a -choice set for some . A winning strategy for I defines a set of reals encoding -choice sets for arbitrarily large . Define then , which easily works. On the other hand, suppose is a winning strategy for II. From the s-m-n theorem, let be continuous such that for all , , , and , . By the recursion theorem, there exists such that . A straightforward induction on for shows that , and . So let . References Axioms of set theory Determinacy Large cardinals Lemmas in set theory
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques%20Herbrand%20Prize
The Jacques Herbrand Prize (French: Prix Jacques Herbrand) is an award given by the French Academy of Sciences to young researchers (up to 35 years) in the field of mathematics, physics, and their non-military applications. It was created in 1996, and first awarded in 1998. In 2001, it was renamed to Grand Prix Jacques Herbrand . Until 2002, the prize was given each year in both fields; since 2003, it is given alternatingly. It is endowed with 15000, later with 20000 euros, and named in honor of the French logician Jacques Herbrand (1908-1931). Recipients 1998: Loïc Merel, mathematics; Franck Ferrari, physics 1999: , mathematics; Brahim Louis, physics 2000: Albert Cohen (mathematician), mathematics; Philippe Bouyer, physics 2001: Laurent Lafforgue, mathematics; Yvan Castin, physics 2002: Christophe Breuil, mathematics; Pascal Salière, physics 2003: Wendelin Werner, mathematics 2004: Nikita Nekrasov, physics 2005: Franck Barthe, mathematics 2006: Maxime Dahan, physics 2007: Cédric Villani, mathematics 2008: Lucien Besombes, physics 2009: Artur Ávila, mathematics 2010: Julie Grollier, physics 2011: Nalini Anantharaman, mathematics 2012: Patrice Bertet, physics 2013: , mathematics 2014: Aleksandra Walczak, physics 2015: , mathematics 2016: Yasmine Amhis, physics 2017: Hugo Duminil-Copin, mathematics 2018 : Alexei Chepelianskii, 2019 : Nicolas Curien 2020 : Basile Gallet See also Herbrand Award — by the Conference on Automated Deduction, for contributions in the field of automated deduction List of mathematics awards List of physics awards References Awards of the French Academy of Sciences Mathematics awards Physics awards
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lp%20sum
{{DISPLAYTITLE:Lp sum}} In mathematics, and specifically in functional analysis, the Lp sum of a family of Banach spaces is a way of turning a subset of the product set of the members of the family into a Banach space in its own right. The construction is motivated by the classical Lp spaces. Definition Let be a family of Banach spaces, where may have arbitrarily large cardinality. Set the product vector space. The index set becomes a measure space when endowed with its counting measure (which we shall denote by ), and each element induces a function Thus, we may define a function and we then set together with the norm The result is a normed Banach space, and this is precisely the Lp sum of Properties Whenever infinitely many of the contain a nonzero element, the topology induced by the above norm is strictly in between product and box topology. Whenever infinitely many of the contain a nonzero element, the Lp sum is neither a product nor a coproduct. References Banach spaces Lp spaces
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential%20shift
Exponential shift may refer to: Exponential shift theorem, a shift theorem about polynomial differential operators and exponential function in mathematics Exponent shift, a display function in engineering or scientific notation on some calculators
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olga%20Tsuberbiller
Olga Tsuberbiller (, - 28 September 1975) was a Russian mathematician noted for her creation of the textbook Problems and Exercises in Analytic Geometry. The book has been used as a standard text for high schools since its creation in 1927. Sophia Parnok, noted Russian poet dedicated her verses in the Half-voiced cycle to Tsuberbiller, and the educator cared for Parnok during her final illness, later becoming her literary executor. She later became the partner of the noted opera singer, Concordia Antarova. Tsuberbiller was designated as an Honored Scientist of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic in 1955. Early life Olga Nikolaevna Gubonina () was born on 7 September 1885 in Moscow to Nadezhda Konstantinovna Artyukhova () and Nikolai Petrovich Gubonin (). Her mother was engaged in farming and her father was employed by the Chinese Eastern Railway. She was the granddaughter of the industrialist and spent at least part of her youth on the family's estate at Gurzuf. The resort, which now makes up Gurzuf was founded by Gubonina's grandfather and uncle, Sergei Gubonin (). The two designed the 93 hotels and summer cottages with the assistance of the architect Platon Konstantinovich Terebenev () and it quickly became a favorite place of writers, as it had been in earlier years for Alexander Pushkin. Her older brother, Pyotr Nikolaevich, namesake of both her grandfather and father, was in the Russian Navy and wounded at the Battle of Chemulpo Bay during the Russo-Japanese War and went on to serve in World War I. Little is known of her childhood, but she graduated from the Bestuzhev Courses in 1908. Career Gubonina immediately began teaching analytical geometry in the Bestuzhev Courses under the direction of B. K. Mlodzievsky. At some point she married and was widowed during the Russian Civil War, thereafter going by the surname Tsuberbiller. Tsuberbiller was dedicated to her students' education, establishing both a mathematics library and reading room to facilitate further study. She counseled and tutored students and worked to popularize the study of math, while she was working in the women's courses. In the 1920s, she began teaching at the First Moscow State University. At the beginning of 1923, Tsuberbiller met and became friends with Sophia Parnok. The exact nature of her relationship with Parnok is unknown as, while she occupied a significant place in the poet's life, Parnok did not describe Tsuberbiller in the same sexual context as her lovers. Instead, Tsuberbiller was a protector, as expressed in the poem cycle Half-voiced, which describes Tsuberbiller as a type of guardian angel. By 1925, she had become Parnok's closest friend, and when Parnok's lover Lyudmila Vladimirovna Erarskaya was hospitalized for a mental break, Tsuberbiller was the one to whom Parnok turned to regain her equilibrium. The following year, Parnok moved in with Tsuberbiller on Neopalimovsky Lane at Smolensky Boulevard, though Tsuberbiller was already overwork
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dmitry%20Feichtner-Kozlov
Dmitry Feichtner-Kozlov (born 16 December 1972, in Tomsk, Russia) is a Russian-German mathematician. He works in the field of Applied and Combinatorial Topology, where he publishes under the name Dmitry N. Kozlov. Biography Feichtner-Kozlov obtained his PhD from the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm in 1996, with thesis Extremal Combinatorics, Weighting Algorithms, and Topology of Subspaces Arrangements written under the direction of Anders Björner. In 2004, after longer stays at the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute in Berkeley, California, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, the University of Washington in Seattle, the University of Bern, and the Royal Institute of Technology, he assumed the position of assistant professor at ETH Zurich, Switzerland. Since 2007, he works at the University of Bremen, Germany, where he holds the Chair of Algebra and Geometry, and is the director of the Institute for Algebra, Geometry, Topology and their applications. Feichtner-Kozlov has done research on various topics, such as: topological methods in combinatorics, including applications to graph colorings; combinatorially defined polyhedral and cell complexes; combinatorial structures in geometry and topology, such as stratifications and compactifications of spaces; combinatorial aspects of chain complexes, such as coboundary expansion. He has also done interdisciplinary work, e.g., developing rigorous mathematical methods in theoretical distributed computing. Feichtner-Kozlov is the recipient of the following prizes: Wallenberg prize 2003, Goran Gustafsson prize 2004, European Prize in Combinatorics 2005. The book "Distributed Computing through Combinatorial Topology", which he wrote together with computer scientists Maurice Herlihy and Sergio Rajsbaum has been selected as a Notable Book on the Best of Computing 2013 list by the Association for Computing Machinery. He is a managing editor of the Journal of Applied and Computational Topology, published by Springer-Verlag. Personal life Feichtner-Kozlov is married to Eva-Maria Feichtner, with whom he frequently collaborates mathematically. Selected publications See also Discrete Morse theory Topological combinatorics References External links 1972 births Living people People from Tomsk KTH Royal Institute of Technology alumni Russian emigrants to Germany 21st-century German mathematicians Academic staff of ETH Zurich Academic staff of the University of Bremen Combinatorialists Topologists
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Clerk%20Maxwell%20Foundation
The James Clerk Maxwell Foundation is a registered Scottish charity set up in 1977. By supporting physics and mathematics, it honors one of the greatest physicists, James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879), and while attempting to increase the public awareness and trust of science. It maintains a small museum in Maxwell's birthplace. This museum is owned by the Foundation. Purpose The James Clerk Maxwell Foundation aims to increase the public awareness of the many scientific advances made by Maxwell over his lifetime and to highlight their importance in the world today. It summarizes Maxwell's many innovative technical advances and displays, in Maxwell’s birthplace, the history of Maxwell's family. The Foundation awards grants and prizes and supports mathematical challenges designed to encourage young students to study as mathematicians, scientists and engineers and become leaders in the world. History The James Clerk Maxwell Foundation was formed in 1977 by the late Sydney Ross, Professor of Colloidal chemistry at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in New York, USA. Ross was born in Scotland and he inherited monies from his late father’s whisky business, Ross, Campbell Ltd. In 1993, the Foundation acquired 14 India Street, Edinburgh, the birthplace of Maxwell. Since 1993, the house has been refurbished to its original standard and a small museum has been developed which features Maxwell’s family, life and scientific advances. These have resulted in Maxwell now being recognised as the most famous scientist in the era between Newton and Einstein. Maxwell's birthplace Maxwell was born at 14 India Street on 13 June 1831. This four-floor townhouse has 3–4 rooms on each floor. The Foundation lets the basement and top floor to tenants and maintains on the ground and first floor a modest museum which can be opened for visits by prior appointment. Maxwell’s father, John Clerk Maxwell of Middlebie, had previously inherited land at Corsock in Galloway and he divided his time between Galloway and his 1820s townhouse in Edinburgh’s New Town. In 1830, John Clerk Maxwell commenced building a new house on his Corsock farm and would later name this Glenlair House. The Clerk Maxwell family moved permanently to Glenlair when James was two years old. Maxwell’s mother died when he was only eight years old and, two years later, he returned to Edinburgh to attend school at the Edinburgh Academy. Maxwell studied at the University of Edinburgh and the University of Cambridge and his career followed professorial appointments at Marischal College Aberdeen, King's College London and the University of Cambridge. While in Aberdeen, Maxwell married the College Principal’s daughter Katherine Dewar. Museum The restored entrance hall contains a copy of the bust of Maxwell by Charles d’Orville Pilkington Jackson, the original is located at Marischal College, Aberdeen. The Milestone in Electrical Engineering and Computing plaque by the American Institute of Electrical and Ele
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Major%20League%20Baseball%20career%20batters%20faced%20leaders
In baseball statistics, Batters Faced (BF), also known as Total Batters Faced (TBF), is the number of batters who made a plate appearance before the pitcher in a game or in a season. Cy Young is the all-time leader, facing 29,565 batters in his career. Young is the only player to face more than 26,000 career batters. Pud Galvin is second having faced 25,415 batters, and is the only other player to have faced more than 25,000 batters. A total of 17 players have faced over 20,000 batters in their careers, with all but two (Bobby Mathews and Roger Clemens) being in the Baseball Hall of Fame. Key List Stats updated as of September 21, 2003 References Baseball-Reference.com Major League Baseball statistics Faced
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovidio%20Montalbani
Ovidio Montalbani (18 November 1601 – 20 September 1671), also known by his pseudonym Giovanni Antonio Bumaldi, was an Italian polymath. He was a professor of logic, mathematics, astronomy, and medicine at the University of Bologna. Life Ovidio Montalbani studied philosophy with Vincenzo Montecalvi and medicine with the famous physician Bartolomeo Ambrosini. In 1625 at a very young age he became a lector at the University of Bologna, teaching first logic, then the theoretic medicine, mathematics and astronomy and later moral philosophy. In 1657, he became custodian of the Aldrovandi Museum - succeeding Bartolomeo Ambrosini, who had been custodian since 1642. He was the doyen of the Collegio Medico of Bologna and its prior from 1664 onwards. Montalbani was a member of several academies, including the Accademia dei Gelati (with the alias "l'Innestato"), the Accademia degli Indomiti (as "lo Stellato"), and the Accademia della Notte (as "il Rugiadoso"). He was also a member of the free-thinking Venetian Accademia degli Incogniti, as well as one of the founders of the Accademia dei Vespertini, which held its first Assemblies in his house. A politically involved citizen of the city of Bologna, he held several magistrates, such as those of the court of the merchant forum and Tribune of the Plebs. As a censor for the Bolognese Inquisition he was charged of reviewing the first edition of Galileo’s Complete Works, published in Bologna by Carlo Manolessi, in 1655–1656. He died in Bologna on 20 September 1671. Works Ovidio Montalbani was one of the most prolific polymaths of his day. Among his many publications can be found works on archaeology, linguistics, medicine and botany. In 1629 he was given the task of writing the Tacuino, a sort of annually produced astrological calendar for doctors indicating the best and worst days for blood-letting, purges and surgery. Montalbani often enriched this medical «almanac» with essays on subjects as diverse as the grafting of plants and the Bolognese and Lombard dialects. Montalbani's tacuinum of 1661, entitled, Antineotiologia, an attack on innovations in the practice of medicine, was harshly criticized by Marcello Malpighi and Giovanni Alfonso Borelli. In his “De Illuminabili Lapide Bononiensi Epistola” (1634), Montalbani discussed the properties of the “Bologna stone” a piece of barium sulfate (baryte) found on Mount Paderno. Montalbani's treatise was one of the first studies on the subject of inorganic phosphorescence. In 1668 Montalbani edited the previously unprinted Dendrologia by Ulisse Aldrovandi. Montalbani published a number of scientific works under the pseudonym of Giovanni Antonio Bumaldi. Carl Peter Thunberg gave the name of Bumalda to a genus of Japanese plants. A close friend of Thomas Dempster, he pronounced his funeral oration, which was published in Bologna in 1626, a year after Dempster's death. Montalbani is an ambivalent figure in the early seventeenth-century Scientific Revolution. W
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuseppe%20Vergani
Giuseppe Carlo Vergani (fl. 1738–1741) was an Italian accountant and writer from Milan. Life He was an official and a public professor of arithmetic and geometry. Vergani's books were considered fundamental reads for whoever was interested in accounting. Works References 18th-century Italian male writers 18th-century Italian mathematicians Italian accountants Writers from Milan
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giambattista%20Suardi
Giambattista Suardi (January 9, 1711 – March 2, 1767) was an Italian mathematician. Life Born into a noble family in Brescia, he studied mathematics in Padua. Suardi graduated in 1773 under the supervision of Giovanni Poleni. In 1752 he published an essay on drawing and mathematics tools: . He married Cecilia Curti, a Venetian woman. Works References Italian mathematicians People from Brescia 1711 births 1767 deaths University of Padua alumni
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrete-time%20proportional%20hazards
Hazard rate models are widely used to model duration data in a wide range of disciplines, from bio-statistics to economics. Grouped duration data are widespread in many applications. Unemployment durations are typically measured over weeks or months and these time intervals may be considered too large for continuous approximations to hold. In this case, we will typically have grouping points , where . Models allow for time-invariant and time-variant covariates, but the latter require stronger assumptions in terms of exogeneity. The discrete-time hazard function can be written as: where is the survivor function. It can be shown that this can be rewritten as: These probabilities provide the building blocks for setting up the Likelihood function, which ends up being: This maximum likelihood maximization depends on the specification of the baseline hazard functions. These specifications include fully parametric models, piece-wise-constant proportional hazard models, or partial likelihood approaches that estimate the baseline hazard as a nuisance function. Alternatively, one can be more flexible for the baseline hazard and impose more structure for This approach performs well for certain measures and can approximate arbitrary hazard functions relatively well, while not imposing stringent computational requirements. When the covariates are omitted from the analysis, the maximum likelihood boils down to the Kaplan-Meier estimator of the survivor function. Another way to model discrete duration data is to model transitions using binary choice models. References Survival analysis Econometric modeling
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisenda%20Grigsby
Julia Elisenda (Eli) Grigsby is an American mathematician who works as a professor at Boston College. Her research began with the study of low-dimensional topology, including knot theory and category-theoretic knot invariants. She is currently working in the field of machine learning. Education and career Grigsby earned a bachelor's degree in mathematics from Harvard University in 1999, after earlier forays into biochemistry and physics. After a year working as an operations researcher in Silicon Valley, she returned to graduate school at the University of California, Berkeley, and completed her doctorate in 2005 under the joint supervision of Robion Kirby and Peter Ozsváth. She was a postdoctoral researcher at Columbia University and the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute, and joined the Boston College faculty in 2009. Service Grigsby belongs to the advisory board of Girls' Angle, a non-profit organization for encouraging girls to participate in mathematics, and is responsible for creating a sequence of video lectures by women in mathematics for Girls' Angle. Recognition In 2014 she became the inaugural winner of the Joan & Joseph Birman Research Prize in Topology and Geometry, given biennially by the Association for Women in Mathematics to an outstanding early-career female researcher in topology and geometry. References External links Home page Year of birth missing (living people) Living people 21st-century American mathematicians American women mathematicians Topologists Harvard College alumni University of California, Berkeley alumni Boston College faculty 21st-century women mathematicians 21st-century American women
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multivalued%20treatment
In statistics, in particular in the design of experiments, a multi-valued treatment is a treatment that can take on more than two values. It is related to the dose-response model in the medical literature. Description Generally speaking, treatment levels may be finite or infinite as well as ordinal or cardinal, which leads to a large collection of possible treatment effects to be studied in applications. One example is the effect of different levels of program participation (e.g. full-time and part-time) in a job training program. Assume there exists a finite collection of multi-valued treatment status with J some fixed integer. As in the potential outcomes framework, denote the collection of potential outcomes under the treatment J, and denotes the observed outcome and is an indicator that equals 1 when the treatment equals j and 0 when it does not equal j, leading to a fundamental problem of causal inference. A general framework that analyzes ordered choice models in terms of marginal treatment effects and average treatment effects has been extensively discussed by Heckman and Vytlacil. Recent work in the econometrics and statistics literature has focused on estimation and inference for multivalued treatments and ignorability conditions for identifying the treatment effects. In the context of program evaluation, the propensity score has been generalized to allow for multi-valued treatments, while other work has also focused on the role of the conditional mean independence assumption. Other recent work has focused more on the large sample properties of an estimator of the marginal mean treatment effect conditional on a treatment level in the context of a difference-in-differences model, and on the efficient estimation of multi-valued treatment effects in a semiparametric framework. References Applied mathematics Design of experiments Statistical theory Industrial engineering Systems engineering Statistical process control Quantitative research Experiments Pharmacodynamics Toxicology
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimal%20instruments
In statistics and econometrics, optimal instruments are a technique for improving the efficiency of estimators in conditional moment models, a class of semiparametric models that generate conditional expectation functions. To estimate parameters of a conditional moment model, the statistician can derive an expectation function (defining "moment conditions") and use the generalized method of moments (GMM). However, there are infinitely many moment conditions that can be generated from a single model; optimal instruments provide the most efficient moment conditions. As an example, consider the nonlinear regression model where is a scalar (one-dimensional) random variable, is a random vector with dimension , and is a -dimensional parameter. The conditional moment restriction is consistent with infinitely many moment conditions. For example: More generally, for any vector-valued function of , it will be the case that . That is, defines a finite set of orthogonality conditions. A natural question to ask, then, is whether an asymptotically efficient set of conditions is available, in the sense that no other set of conditions achieves lower asymptotic variance. Both econometricians and statisticians have extensively studied this subject. The answer to this question is generally that this finite set exists and have been proven for a wide range of estimators. Takeshi Amemiya was one of the first to work on this problem and show the optimal number of instruments for nonlinear simultaneous equation models with homoskedastic and serially uncorrelated errors. The form of the optimal instruments was characterized by Lars Peter Hansen, and results for nonparametric estimation of optimal instruments are provided by Newey. A result for nearest neighbor estimators was provided by Robinson. In linear regression The technique of optimal instruments can be used to show that, in a conditional moment linear regression model with iid data, the optimal GMM estimator is generalized least squares. Consider the model where is a scalar random variable, is a -dimensional random vector, and is a -dimensional parameter vector. As above, the moment conditions are where is an instrument set of dimension (). The task is to choose to minimize the asymptotic variance of the resulting GMM estimator. If the data are iid, the asymptotic variance of the GMM estimator is where . The optimal instruments are given by which produces the asymptotic variance matrix These are the optimal instruments because for any other , the matrix is positive semidefinite. Given iid data , the GMM estimator corresponding to is which is the generalized least squares estimator. (It is unfeasible because is unknown.) References Further reading Econometric modeling Moment (mathematics)